Full text of "Historic records of the fifth New York Cavalry, First Ira Harris Guard [microform] : its organization, marches, raids, scouts, engagements and general services, during the rebellion of 1861-1865 : with observations of the author by the way, giving sketches of the armies of the Potomac and of the Shenandoah : also, interesting accounts of prison life and of the secret service : complete lists of its officers and men"

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HISTORIC BECQBDS

OV TBS

gm few i«»«k «:a»al«g>

riABT IBA HABBIB OUABO:

(Xju>iii.'>wi', MiKan* Bum, Bwhjw. Kh«a«»«»w afb QwnmiX.

BmMnBm,Bvmaut ram BwiHiimi o» Mtt-mBi

OBSEKfATIONS OF THE AUTHOR BY THE WAY.

•tmM

0k(Ut)es pf t^e OltmUe af tl)« Potomac ond of t^<
S^enatibott^.

'-"-iV -■"':''' -' ■.'.■-VW '-'^

niTEREBTIHO AC50OUMTS OF PRISOIT UPE

AMD or TBI

SECRET SERVICE.

Complete IiistB of its Officers and Men.

. / pan

By Bbv. LOUIS N' BOUDRTE,
OEAn^iR ov nn sMnnnn.

nXlISTBATKD WITH BTKBL P0BTBAIT8 AHD WOOD 0TJT8.

ALBANY, N. T. :

J. MUNSBLL, 82 8TATB STEBBT.

1868.

I 4

Xntered Aeeonling to Act of Coofren in the Tmt 188B, t^

havn N. Bousna,

In tb« Olwk't Office of th« District Oonrt ct the United SUtet for th*

Iforthem District of New Torlc

Uf3 2> / 4.

f . MUMUiXi nnran.

Sii

A. -».-jiv><^>M9]f- ^. ..

■(o

0*0 o

AStatMfgrtiM

**Vi

TO TEE BSAVE"' SOTS
OF TEH OLD FJFTE,
who
have
to ofUn d^gfiayed uniurpamd

PatrioUtm, FarMudt

and Valor in fl«
tri/ini/ t)iei$tUude» of
Military Lift; and uha,
en to many Noody Fiddt
cf BcMe, hone heniecMy up-

M ihtBtarry Banner t and June

itt auOiffrO^ in (he pret-
<if itt onemiei, are (heie
torie Beecrdi tf (Mr
1. BLE DEEDS'

DEDIOATED by fheir
OEAPLAm.

"-■»«, -M*ar»ja-^,

HiAD QtTABTimi, Fifth N. T. CMftlrjr, \
Near SUunton, V»., Junt Hlk, 1866. J
Rmt. Louis K. Boddrti,

ChapUin, Fifth N. T. Ca-ralry,
Z)«ar 5ir: We, the offioera J the Fifth New York C«T»lry,
desirous to possess true and full Historio Reoords of the Regiment,
since its organiiation, do respeotfully request you to prepare tha
same for publication in such form, that ourselves and the men of
this Command may te able to procure them.

Pledging you our assistance in the accomplishment of this diffi-
cult labor, wb remain

Respectfully Tours,
(%««</).— A. H. Wbiti, Col.; T. A. Boici, Lt. Col. ; E. J. Bae-
K», Major; H. A. D, Mimsirr, Mijor; 0. W. ARMSTkoio, Sur-
geon, and others.

Caisf Fifth New York Cavalry, \
Nea? Otaunton, Va., Junt m, 18G6. /

Col. A. H. Wbiti, Lt. Col. T. A. Boioi, Md others.

Dear Sir$ : I cbeerftiUy undertake the " difficult labor," which
you request me to perform for several reasons, vis; first, because
you request it. Second, because I believe it to be the duty of
every regiment 'o prepare a correct hiitory of its services in this
war, for ftiture reference. Third, bqoause my services as chaplaia
of the regiment, for nearly three years of its active campaigning,
have afforded me an ample opportunity to know its character and
history. A diary of all tha remarkable events of that pecriod,
written during the lull of battle ; — in the halt of the march ; —
through the respite of hospital labor; — in the lonellneGs of the
prison (where I was confined three months), and during the quiet-
ness of the camp, — will be invaluable in this enterprise. I pledge
mj self to search out diligently, and to state faithfully, the faett of
our eventftil history. Hoping that uiong these records in future
days, we may spend many happy and profitable hours, living
over again some of the glorious experiences of our military life,
I remain, Very Respectfully Tours,

Louis N. Boudkyb,
Chaplain, Fifth N. T. Cavalry

II:

dS^

^-«^;»».il^la»»Ja.

m^'

T-

■%

ILLUSTRATIONS.

STEEL PORTRAITS.

Paom.
I. Chaplain Louis N. Boudrye Frontigpieoe.

IL Colonel 0. DeForest, 29

in. Colonel John Hammond 76

IV. Colonel A. H. White 117

V. Lieutenant Culonel T. A. Boioe 186

VL Surgeon L. P. Woodt, 288

WOOD CUTS.

L Battle of Brandy Station, 81

II. Burial of Sergeant 8. W. Sortore 182

in. Our Chapel Tent 247

IV. Libby Prison, Biohraoni', Va., 267

V. Interior View of Libby Prison 267

VI. Our Soout, Approaching Hagorstown, Md., 281

^il

ill:

ii:

I
'I

OP TABLES

I. Offioen «t Time of Muster Out, 202

II. CommandMita of the Regiment, 204

III. Non-Commiuloned Staff, -••• S*^*

IV. Streugth of Command at Various Datee, 206

V. Full Statistloe - 206

VI. Engafemenle and their CaeualOes, ~ 2l2

VII. Men Killed ia Action 216

VIII. Men Mortally Wounded in Action, - 218

IX. Men Discharged by Reason of WouadB « ?19

X. Retired Officers 221

ZI. Men who Died in Rebel Prisons, 27'»

CONTENTS

202

204

ir4

206

206
212
216
218
?19
221
270

CHAPTER I.

Our CaTkiry Deficient kt Bull Run. — This Arm Recruited. — Org*n-
ixation of the Fifth Mew York Cayalr/. — Hon. Ir» Hftrris
lends his Name and Influence. — Early History of Regiment. —
On Staten Island, New York.— -Flag Presentation, — Speech of
Senator Harris. — Regiment LeaTes the State. — In Baltimore.—

In Annapolis At Camp Harris.— Jwjy 26<A to Dee. 81«(,

1861 17

CHAPTER n.

Discipline and Drill. — First BiTouao. — At Harper's Ferry. — Win*
Chester. — Its Appearance then. — First Capture made by the
Regiment. — Col. Turner Ashby (Rebel) in the Valley. — Fight
with him »t Harrisouburg. — Qallant Conduct of the Fifth. —
First Casualties. — Caralry towing Infantry across a Riyer by
hanging on the Horses' Tails. — Battle of Front Royal. —The
Flanker Stonewall Jacksoc. — The Regiment Engaged. — A
Portion of it out oiT. — Qreat Daring. — Belle Boyd, the female
Rebel Spy. — Letter of Charles H. Oreenleaf. — How Gen.
Backs sared his army. — ^R«sult of Retreat. — Jan, to May 26(A,
1862 28

CHAPTER m.

Bebbl Army Crossing South of Blue Ridge. — Suceessftal Advapie
on Martlnsbnrg.— Serrices ftnd Sufferbgs of the CaTalry.—

■*"*«■'««<. aSfwewBk

- ^ji^O'l:'' "■^*^^^*

'sr

ill

li
■ II

iii

X Contents.

Cavalry Battle of Orange Court House. — Fifth New York BoyB.—
Terrible Dealers in Hardware. — R'iconuoiBsanoe to Louisa
Court House. — Qen. Stuart's Adjutant General and Important
Diapatohes Arom Gen. Lee Captured.- — Reconnoissanoe through
Snicker's Gap and to Berryyille. — Capture cf a Rebel Camp,
one Stand of Colors and much Spoil. — Charge on a Sutler's
Shanty. — Sword Presented to Qen. J. P. Hatch. — Interesting
Correspondenoe. — ifay Zlit to December Biit, 1862, 86

CHAPTER IV.

Mosby, the Guerrilla. — His men. — Picketing against him at Chan-
tilly. — Building Winter Quarters at Germantow:a. — Descrip-
tion. — Mosby at Fairfax Court House. — Fight at Chantilly. —
At Warrenton Junction. — Congratulatory Order of Command-
ing General. — Fight at GreapwioL.— Capture of a' Howitxer.
— Gallant Conduct of Lieut. Barker. — Jan, lit to June J14(A,
1868 0 4«

CHAPTER V.

Uen. Lee Inv.ides Maryland and Pennsylvania. — Breaking Camp
at Fairfax Court House. — Fidelity of the Horse. — March over
Bull Run Battle Field. — Reorganization of the Ca /airy Corp^. —

Kilpatriok in Command of the Third Division Caralry Battle

of Hanover, Pennsylvania. — Battle of Gettysburg, Third Day. —
Attack on Rebel Train in Monterey Pass. — Battle of Hagera-
town. — Battle of Boonsboro'. — Attack on Rear Guard of Rebel
Array at Falling Waters. — The Invaders Expelled from Free
Soil. June 19tA to July Uth, 1868 61

CHAPTER VI.

Lee's Invasion, a great Failure. — He is not Pursued very Vigor-
ously.— Reasons Why. — We Reoross the Potomac The Qun-

Boat Expedition. — Battle of Culpepper Court House. — Lee
flanks Meade. — We Retreat from the Robertson and Rapidan
Rivers. — Kiipatrick Surrrounded at Brandy Station. — His
Brilliant Charge. — Battle of Buckland Mills. — The Armies

til

■I

i1:i

uina.->«a»-a««i jti-'-"'

th New York Boys.—
|oiR8anoe to Louisa

aeral and Important
lonnoissanoe through
V cf a Rebel Camp,
bhargo on a Sutler's
IHatch. — Interesting
\t. 1862 85

gainst him at Chan-
lantowa. — Desorip-

ightatChantilly. —
)rder of Command-
»ture of a Howitxer.
n. Itt to June J4tA,
4«

ia. — Breaking Camp
Horse. — March over

the Cn/alry Corps.

on — Catralry Battle
sburg, Third Day.—
— Battle of Hagers-
Rcar Guard of Rebo!
Expelled from Free
• 61

Pursued Tery Vigor-

otomao The Gun-

]!ourt House. — Lee
rtson and Rapidan
ndy Station.— His
lills.— The Armies

Contents.

ill

Swing like Pendulums. — Skirmish at Stevensburg. — Several
Days' Fighting at Raocoon Ford. — Change is the Soldier's Lite.—
Excitemeut about Re<>nlisling as Veteran Volunteers Build-
ing Winter Quarters Jul;/ 16M to Deembtr 31»<, 18f>3,.. 72

CHAPTER Vn.

Life in Winter Quarters. — Its Duties and Pastimes, — Its Interest-
ing Scenes. — Dangerous Picketing between the Rappahannock
and the Rapidan. — Frequent Attacks by Guerrillas. — Kilpat.
rick's Second Raid to Richmond. — Col. Dahlgren's Part of the
V/ork. — Full Account by Lieut. Merritt, who accompanied
Dahlgren. — Object of the Raid. — General Plan. — Dahlgren's
Command. — Successful Capture of Rebel Pickets on the Rapi-
dan.— Honor to Lieut. Merritt's Command. — Capture of a Rebel
Court Martial. — Conduct of Prisoners. — The Faithless Negro
Guide. — He is Hung.— -Property of Mr. Seddon, Rebel
Secretary of War. — His Negroes. — Their Depredations. — Our
Soldiers falsely Accused of Pillaging. — Henry A. Wise wisely
Skedaddles. — Within a few Miles of Richmond. — CoHperation
with Kilpatriok Impossible. — Preparation to Attack Richmond.
— Nature of the Fight. — Withdrawal. — Casualties. — Terrible
Night's March. — Meet a Rebel Ambulance Train. — Crossing
the Panunkey. — The Mattapony. — Marching and Fighting. —
The Ambuscade. — Dahlgren Killed. — Road Barricaded. — In
Straits. — Ammunition Exhausted. — Preparation to Disperse. —
The Party Broken up. — The Cabin in the Woods.— The Surren-
der.— A Baptist Preaoher.->- The Parson's Bobbery and Apolo-
gy.— Dahlgren's Rem<\in8. — Arrival atLibby Prison. — Casual-
ties of the Fifth New York. — Synopsis of Kilpatricks March. —
The Terrible Tornado.— Tcnuary 1«( to May 2d, 1864 90

CHAPTER Vm

Army of the Potomac. — Good Condition. — First Steps of th«
Great Campaign under Gen. Grant. — The Fitth New York opens
the Battle of the Wilderness at Parker's Store.— Detailed at Army
Headquarters. — Scenes at the Hospital. — Lines of Battle. —
Second Day. — Lee breaks our Lines twice. — Is Repulsed. —

■i

[■^i

V '■^'^•c^^^i^-ijit^-ias'i

zii

CONTKNTS.

Col. Hammond Ordered to Qermania Ford. — Ib Placed in Coa-
mand of ProTisicual Brigade of Cavalry. — Brings up Rear on
First Left Flank MoTement. — SkirmislieB on the My and Po
RiverB. — Affair at the Maitapony. — Sergefcnt Sortore Killed. —
Hi* Burial. — Battle jt Milfurd Station. — A Stratagem at Little
River. — Vast Forests uf Virginia. — Battle of Ashland Station
— Dark, Muddy March along the Pamunkey — Tedious Marcnin
Rear of a_ Supply Train. — Men Sleep on their Horses. — At
Charles Ciiy C. H. — Fight at White Oak Swamps.— ifay 3d
to June IQth, 1864, 120

CHAPTER IX.

Crossing the James River. — Pleasant Scene. — The WiUon Raid, —
First Day.— Battle of Nottoway Court House.— The Danville
Railroad. — What we D<*Btroyed. — The Contrabands. — Battle
of Reams Station.— The Swift Retreat. — Awful Scenes.- The
Author's Personal Adventures. — Is Diamounted in the Woods. —
Travels by Night and Rests by Day. — Narrow Escapes. — Assist-
ed by Negroes. — Reaches our Lines Safely. — Casualties of tbe
^aid. — The Division Ships for Qeisboro' Point, D. C. — June
I7lh to Auguet 9(A, 1864, 143

CHAPTER X.

To the Shenandoah Valley. — Exciting Scene in Snicker's Qap. —
Battle of Summit Point. — Battle of Keameysvill' Station. —
Crossing into Maryland. — Old John Brown air in Charlcstown. —

Skirmishes near the Opequan Battle of Winchester. — Drive

the Enemy through Front Royal. — Up Luray Valley. — Raid
to Staunton and Waynesboro'. — Cavalry Fight at Tom's Brook. —
Battle of Cedar Creek. — Sheridan's Ride. — Unparalleled Cap-
turos by the Regiment. — Gi. j. Custer's Congratulatory Order. —
Reconnoissance to Rood's Hill. — Spirited Engagement near Mt.
Jackson. — Regiment Detailed Escort of Qe&eral Sheridan. —
The Fruit of Sheridan's Work in the Valley. — August I2th to
December 81«^ 1864, „ 162

Contents.

xiu

Is PUoed in Coai-
rings up Rear on
n the Ny and Po
t Sortore Killed. —
Stratagem at Little
of Aehland Station
Tedious Marcnin
their Horses. — At
Bwamps. — May Zd
120

The Wiloon Baid. —
use. — The Danville
>ntraband8. — Battle

wfu! Scenes. — The
nted in the Woods. —
w Escapes, — Assist-
. — Casualties of tiie

Point, D. C— June

14S

in Snicker's Gap. —
neysTill' Station. —
lir in Cbarkstown. —
Winchester. — Drire
uray Valley. — Eaid
ht at Tom's Brook.—
— Unparalleled Cap-
gratnlatory Order. —
Ingagcment near Mt.
Seneral Sheridan. —
ey. — Augutt 12lh to
„ 1C2

*:--<»*^-^»^igi<t „

CHAPTER XI.

General Sheridan's Last Raid, — Up the Valley — Battle of
Waynesboro'. — Many Prisoners. — In Charge of the Regi-
ment.— Rosser Annoys Rear of Column. — Battle of Rood's
Hill. — Rosser Defeated. — Fall of Richmond. — Lee Surren-
ders. — Suburbs of Winchester. — Rebel Soldiers Anxious to
bo Paroled. — Expedition to Staunton. — Preparation to Muster
out the Regiment. — Camp Illumination. — Last Order of Col.
White. — Journey to Hart's Island, N. T. Harbor. — The Fifth
New York Cavalry is No More.--./afluary 1«( to July 26th,
1866, 190

CHATTER Xn.

Regimental Items. — Tables : Officers at Time of Muster Out. —
Commanding Officers. — Non-eommissioned Staff. — Exhibit of
Strength on Monthly Returns. — Full Statistics. — Former 0<
oupations of our Men. — Their Places of Birth. — Marches of
the Regiment. — Counties Traversed. — Escort Duty. — Gen-
erals under whom we Served. — Burial of Our Dead. — Tables:
Engagements and their Cttsualtics — Men Killed in Action. —
Mortally Wounded. — Discharged by Reason of Wounds. — List
of Retired Officers 200

CHAPTER Xm.

Mementos to Officers. — Col. 0. DeForest. — Col. John Hammond.
— Surgeon Lucius P. Woods — Major A. H. Krom. — Major E.
J. Barker.— Capt. L. L. O'Connor,. 224

CHAPTER XIV.

Influence of Campaigning on our Men. — Who can best Resist the

Evils. — Means Employed. — The Mail Bag The 8p<)lling

School. — Literary Classes. — Our Chapel l^nts. — Our Tempe-
radce Club. — Meetings for Religious Worship. — The Effect on
our Discipline, 242

■■m^-

XIV

Contents.

CHAPTER XV.

Life In Southern Prisons. — Personnl Experience of the Author. —
Capture. — Gen. Stuart. — Incidents of March to Staunton, Va.,
from PennsylTania.— Libby Prison, Eiohmond. — Cruelties of
Managers. — State of Rooms. —Vermin. — Rations. — The Soup.
-Water.— Richmond Papers. — " Sltirmishing." — Bone Cut-
ting.—The Debating Club.— "Libby Lice-I-see-'em," (Lyceum).
— The Weekly Libby Chronicle. —Utenty Classes. — Religious
Services. — The Author Preaches to our Prisoners in Pember-
ton Castle. — Wretched Conditicn of our Men. — Release. —
What he Brought with him. — Diary of Sufferings at Salis-
bury, N. C —Untold Wretchedness at Andersonville, Ga.—
List of Men who Died in Rebel Prisons, 261

CHAPTER TTI.

Our Scout.— With Gen. Stahel. — Guides Cayalry Corps from Fair-
fax C. H. to Frederick City, Md., June, 1868.— Ordered to Watch
Movements of Rebel Army, Marching on its Grand Invasion of
Pennsylvania. — In Disguise he Visits Rebel Gen. Stuart. —
Captures Rebel Army Mail, with Important Dispatches, at
Hagerstown, Md.— Carries Dispatches from Gen. Grant to
President Lincoln, during Battle of the Wilderness. — Among
the Rebels near Weldon & Petersburg R.R. — Hard Tramp
through Woods and Swamps. —The Colored Guide. — Gladly
Reaches our Lines Again, — 276

CHAPTER XVn.

Company Registers. — Organiiations.— OflSoers. — Interesting In-
cidents in Personal Adventures of the men 287

• CHAPTER XVm.

Complete Roster of the Regiment ; each company given alpha-
. betioally - 81"

•i-««»«»«i«i^»asssSi^^« !

ice of the Author. —
ch to Staunton, Va.,
nond. — Cruelties of
lationg. — The Soup,
shing." — Bone Cut-
-see-'em," (Lyceum).
Classes. — Religious
'risoners in Pember-
' Men. — Release. —
Sufferings at Salis-
Lndersonville, Qa. —
261

»lry Corps from Fair-
1.— Ordered to Watch
;s Grand Invasion of
ebel Gen. Stuart. —
rtant Dispatohes, at
From Gen. Grant to
Wilderness. — Among
R.R. — Hard Tramp
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CHAPTER I.

Our Cayalry Deficient at Bull Run.— This Arm Recruited.— Organ-
iiation of the Fifth New York Cavalry.— Hon. Ira Harri*
lenda his Name and Influence.— Early History of Regiment.—
On Staten Island, New York.— Flag Presentation.— Speech of

■ Senator Harris.— Regiment Leaves the State.— In Baltimore.—
In Aaaapolig.- 'At Camp Harris.— /u/y 26M to Dee. 81«t, 1861.

Tho first battle of Bull Run clearly demonstrated the
importance of the cavalry arm of the serrice, and that the
enemy's cavalry, including his notorious Black Horse, was
far superior to ours. Fully aware of our deficiency the
authorities went directly to work to reenforce this weak arm
and to invigorate it with new life and discipline. Recruit-
ing officers at once appeared in every section of the loyal
north, whose calls were made for cavalrymen, who would
bo expected to take the field against the proud chivalry,
whose success, thus far, had made them more defiant and
confident than before.

On the twenty-sixth of July, 1861, the secretary of war
authorized Col. Othniel De Forest, of New York city, to
raise a regiment of cavalry for the field service. With
earnest zeal the colonel began the work assigned him, and
by the last of September he had gathered on Staten
Island, New York, the nucleus of a fine cavalry brigade.
From this assemblage of recruits Col. De Forest organized

-4

Historic Records.

tlio Fifth New York Cavalry, known as the F.rc t Ira Kar-
ris Guard, in honor of Senator Ira Harris, of Albany,
under whose patronage the organiiation wa« commenced
and completed. New York City had contributed liberally
of men, though whole companies and parts of companies
were raised in Essex, Wyoming, Allegany, Tioga and
0/ange counties. A few men were also obtained from the
states of Massachusetta, Connecticut and New Jersey. No
bounties were then paid to recruits, and a bounty of only
one hundred dollars was promised to be paid by the United
States, at the expiration of term of service.

On the Sist of October, on Staten Island, New York, the
field and stafiF of the regiment were mustered into the service
of the United States for three years, by Capt. L. 8. Larned,
of the United States army. The muster took effect from
that date. The regiment was now quartered in common, or
A tents, furnished by the United States, and the place
where the boys received their first lessons in discipline and
drill was called Camp Scott, after the old veteran, who, at
that time, was closing his active military labors. The first
and tice^nd battalions received their horses during the month
of October, and began to be instructed in mounUd drill.

October 81«<. The regiment was inspected for the first
time by Lt. Col. D. B. Sackett, of the United States army.
The last company had now been mustered in, and the com-
mand stood with a strength of 1,064, besides the oflicers.
On this day of inspection the regiment, was also mustered
in for pay, preparatory to receiving its first remuneration
from the government, which came on the sixth of Novem-
ber. At that time the government had not yet learned to
deal in paper money, and the boys received their pay

*.;iV---V.a- XX'rt**'?5

(■.■«MiS±i«aaJSi^**

the First Ira Ilar-
larris, of Albany,
n wu commenced
itributed liberally
)arts of companies
ogany, Tioga and
obtained from the
1 New Jersey. No
1 a bounty of only
)aid by the United
ce.

nd, New York, the
red into the service
Capt. L. 8. Lamed,
or took effect from
ared in common, or
tes, and the place
18 in discipline and
Id veteran, who, at
y labors. The first
!8 during the month
Q mouvfid drill,
pected for the first
Inited States army,
id in, and the com-
besides the officers.

was also mustered
I first remuneration
he sixth of Novem-
,d not yet learned to

received their pay

Fifth New York Cavalry.

wholly in gold and silver, though it was the last time they
were cumbered with the precious metals.

Monday, November Wth, was a memorable day for the regi-
ment, which was Ihon presented with two beautiful flags,
one by the common council of the city of New York, and
ilio other from the hands of Misses Kate Harris and Mary
F. Klake. A stand had been erected in the centre of the
plain, at Camp Scott, in front of which, at the appointed
time, the regiment was formed into a hollow square, the
officers, some thirty in number, in full dress uniform,
advancing to the front, Col. De Forest occupying the centre
of the group.

At the unfurling of the colors. Senator Barris, who was
present, arose on the stand, and spoke as follows:

Col. De Forest, Officers and Soldiers of tJte Ira Harris
Guard: — I am here to-day to perform a most pleasing
service. It is one of the proudest moments of my life.
To-morrow,imany of you will depart for the seat of war,
there to take part, actively and successfully, I trust, in the
great encounter in which our country is now engaged with
treason and rebellion. The rest of you will soon follow.
Before you go, I desire to place in your hands and commit
to your keeping a most sacred deposit — one which I am sure
you will be ready to defend with your hearts' best blood,
liook upon that standard. Behold these stars and stripes.
As the star of Bethlehem has been, for ages, the great
centre of religious hope, so these stars and stripes are the
emblem of all we hold dear as Americans. Upon these the
patriot rests his best hopes. They are the great beacon-

1 The regiment did not go as was expected.

,•'^iJ5&?K^i^iii^

1 ■

5;^»»

IIisTortio Records.

light of oppressed humuuity throughout the world. And
yet those Btara and stripea — so preciouH in the eyes of every
true American — and now tenfold more precious than over
before — were, a little while ago, at Fort Sumter — in one
of the states represented by these stars, basely, ignomini-
ously »hot down. This outrage was oummittcd, not by a
foreign foe --this could have been endured — but by the
coward hands of traitors. This was too much to bear. At
their country's call, hundreds of thousands of patriotic
men have gone forth to revenge the insult and suppress this
most atrocious rebellion — the most atrocious that the world
ever saw. Hundreds of thousands more are ready to go
whenever their country needs them. Neither men nor
money shall ever be wanting until this great rebellion is
uttorly extinguished. This is the great and noble errand
upon which you go. I think I know the men to whom I
speak. They are brave men — they are patri( tic men. I
trust and believe there is not one of you who would not
pour out his blood like water, to save his country from
destruction and dishonor. How gladly would I go with
you. Did my circumstances permit, I would march with
you to-morrow, and share with you the perils und the glory
of the patriot soldier. But though I cannot go, I rejoice
that my name and honor are to go wl'h you. I know they
will be safe in your hands. Col. De Forest, as the represent-
ative and leader of this noble band of men, I commit this
standard to your hands. Keep it — stand by it — defend it,
even with your life. Let it be rent and marred in the
intensify of the conflict to which you go, but let it never be
dishonored by the polluting touch of a traitor's hand. And
I ask you — both you and the men of your command — now

r?.**-*.',:'. ^■^;'W .V-flV^

■--:i:^imf:^i^'^'

FiFTU New York Cavalry.

the world. And
tho eyes of every
rociouB than over
Sumter — in one
baiioly, ignoiuini-
amitted, not by a
ired — but by the
luch to bear. At
lauds of patriotic
and suppress this
>UB that the world

0 are ready to go
Neither men uor
great rebellion is
and noble errand
10 men to whom I

patri(tio men. I
)u who would not
his country from
would I go with
would march with
srils und the glory
in not go, I rejoice
^ou. I know they
t, as the represent-
len, I commit this

1 by it — defend it,
and marred in the

but let it never be
'aitpr's hand. And
jr command — now

and here, in the presence of this large assemblngo, to record
your vow, that, God helping you, this banner shall not pass
from your hands until it shall wave in graceful triumph
over the very grave of treason. And, colonel, I have yet
another equally delightful office to perform. The duty has
been assigned me of presenting to you this other flag. It
conies from delicate hands. It is the united gift of love
and patriotism. Take it with you, and, when far away
upon the tented field, let it be to you for a memorial of tho
Kjved ones you leave behind you. And when you come to
meet the foe in battle, let it, with talismanio power, neive
your arm to strike heavier, deadlier blows in your country's
cause. And now, colonel, officers and men, farewell I I
shall watch your movements with the intensest interest.
Whatever my humble efforts can occomplish for your wel-
fare or comfort shall be done. But the life of a soldier is
no holiday life. I know you will endure hardships as good
soldiers — that you will brave even death itself in a cause
BO glorious. Some of you will fall in battle. Oh, it is a
glorious death thus to die. Some of you — most of you, I
hope — will live to return. But come not back, I charge
you, until you come covered all over with glory, to receive
tho plaudits of a grateful country."

To this profoundly impressive address, which was fre-
quently interrupted by cheers from the whole regiment,
(Jol. Do Forest made a very touching and appropriate response.
This was ibllowed by an outburst of enthusiastic cheering.

November IHth. The regiment took its departure from
the state, and after a pleasant journey by rail road without
accidents, reached Baltimore on the 19th. During their
stay ill tl»e Monumental city the 3d battalion drew horses

^'■m

.V'A* -i^asfji'j^sii''' "

i"« '.<e.t&s^i<-^«6k*ii

HiSTOBic Records,

and equipments, and on the 25th the regiment made ica
first march, from Baltimore to Annapolis. During their
stay here most of the men were quartered in St. Mary's
College and yard. On the 28th they left this capital and
pitched their tents about three miles from the city, and
named the place Gamp Harris.

i'.v^*.itiA^'.fe:«<ite*:-

■ *S«'SA-<i?8]^;«®S«*i»*>-

[imeiit made ics
During their
in St. Mary's

|thi8 capital and
the city, and

CHAPTER 11.

Discipline and Drill. — First Bivouao. — At Harper's Ferry. — Win-
chester. — Its Appearance then. — First Capture made by the
Uegiment. — Col. Turner Ashby (Rebel) in thff Valley. — Fight
irith him at Harrisonburg. — Gallant Conduct of the Fifth. —
First Casualties. — Cayalry towing Infantry across a River by
hanging on tha Horses' Tails. — Battle of Front Royal. — The
Flanker Stonewall Jackson. — The Regiment Engaged. — A
Portion of it cut off. — Great Daring. — Belle Boyd, the female
Rebel Spy. — Letter of Charles H. Qreenleaf. — How Gen.
Banks savtid his army. — Result of Ketreat. — Jan. to May 26M, 1862.

The winter at Camp Harris was not spent in vain.
Under the instructions of a thorough disciplinarian, and of
excellent drill masters, the regiment had become versed in
the tactics of war. Horses as well as men had learned the
" certain sounds" of the bugle, and were masters of evolu-
tions and dispositions required of them. Thus the founda-
tion of a career destined to be important and glorious was
laid, and the command was only waiting for the opportunity
of practicing in the field what it had learned in camp, and
of achieving what had been fondly hoped by its friends. That
time soon came. The last day of March, 1862, found them
breaking up their winter quarters and preparing for the
realities of field service. On that day the 1st and 2d
bnttalions marched to Annapolis Junction, and entered into
their first bivouac. The first April they were at the Relay

V-i^A 4«K.'«A»igKRaW»«'

Historic Records.

House, and on the 2d at Harper's Ferry. Until the ninth
April the battalions wore separated from each other, and sent
from one post to the other as though the authorities did not,
know where they were really needed. They alternated
between EUicott Mills, Washington and Harper's Ferry, until
at length the whole regiment bivouacked together amid the
rough scenes of the John Brown raid. On the 10th Cos.
F and L escorted Maj. General Roseorans to Winchester,
Woodstock, Paris, and returned again to Harper's Ferry.

During aheavy rain, which made the roads almost impassa-
ble, and the weather uncomfortable, the regiment marched,
on the 20th April, to Winchester. This was then a beautiful
town. " Grim visaged war," with her fire and sword, hr.d
not yet desolated the fine public buildings, nor destroyed
the beautiful shrubbery and foliage of the streets. But
Wir.chester was then as rebellious and aristocratic as it was
beautiful. Thoroughly loyal Union families were there,
but they were like angel's visits, "few and far between."
It is true it cost something to be loyal there, but the virtue
of loyalty is a possession well worthy its expense.

The regiment remained not long to luxuriate in this
pleasant locality, but moved on the 22d to Strasburg, where
it remained two days, moving to Woodstock on the 24th.
On the 26th the men received their pay from the govern-
ment, and were prepared to march to New Market the next
day. On the 29th, while on a scout, they captured four
prisoners. This was the first capture the regiment ever
made, and, at that time, it was considered a big thing.

May 2d. Co A made a reconnoissance from Harrisonburg
toward Port Republic, running into General Jackson's camp.
In the skirmish and flight that followed, they had one man

■ 'Sj*jrs-ti-5Jt»l«M-i\««'-'*?*-rf^i

y tfSy^mi'^^-.'i^i^^^f^y'M^-

Fifth New York Cavalry.

Until the ninth
idh other, and sent
authorities did not

They alternated
irper's Ferry, until
together amid the
)n the 10th Cob.
ins to Winchester,

Harper's Ferry,
ids almost impassa-
regiment marched,
as then a beautiful
ire and sword, hr.d
ttgs, nor destroyed

the streets. But
ristocratic as it was
nilies were there,
and far between."
lere, but the virtue
expense.

) luxuriate in this
to Strasburg, where
[stock on the 24th.
ly from the govern-
w Market the next
they captured four
the regiment ever
3d a lig thing.
from Harrisonburg
iral Jackson's camp.
I, they had one man

captured, the first man ever lost from the regiment in an
engagement.

i/fiy Sd. The regiment advanced to Harrisonburg, and
reported to Brig. Gen. John P. Hatch, commanding cavalry
in the valley. On the 5th the whole force fell back to New
Market and bivouacked.

Mai/ Qth. Col. Turner Ashby, a young dashing Rebel
officer, with a force of picked cavalry, had been playiiig mis-
chief with our outposts for several weeks. His exploits had
been so daring, quick, and so generally successful, that he
had made himself a great name, and become a terror to our
forces. During the day it was reported that Ashby with
his men was coming down the pike from Harrisonburg. lu
the afternoon a detachment of the Fifth New York was sent
out to check any advance that might be made. Within
about five miles of Harrisonburg, they encountered the re-
doubtable Ashby. Our men all eager for a fight, fell like a
whirlwind upon theenemy,and using their sabres with terrible
effect, soon scattered and turned thera back in confusion.
And now commenced a scrambling race. Clouds of dust arose
from the road, which almost entirely enveloped both the
pursued and the pursuers. Occasionally the Rebels rallied,
but were swept away again, and finally chased into the sub-
urbs of the town, badly defeated. The conflict cost thera
3 men killed, 5 wounded and 7 prisoners, besides several
good horses captured. On our side we lost Asahel A. Spencer,
Go. E, killed, who was the first victim of the regiment,
offered to the God of battles. William Mills, Co. I, was
wounded. Sergeant Wm. H. Whitcomb, Co. M, was cap-
tured, butesoaped through dint of Yankee ingenuity. " The
Rebels hud stripped off his arms and were using the inde-

-.'il.

itmfki»tm»^m^^mm0^

IIisTORic Records.

coruB language with whicli tbo Yankee prisonar is usually
saluted," when he informed them that they had been pursued
by only a dozen Yankees whom they might all capture by
dashing back upon them . They charged back, were scattered,
and some of them captured by our boys, and Whitcomb
escaped. Adjutant Hasbrouck was here captured and taken
to Ricb^rond.

One correspondent says of the affair: "The brilliant
charge, of which you were informed by telegraph, has estab-
lished beyond a cavil the reputation of the Ira Harris Guard.
Hereafter the Rebels will not forget that there is cavalry
in this division capable of driving back their mounted
guerrillas in confusion and consternation; capable of using
the sabre, the proper instrument of the trooper, in close
hand to hand conflict. This is the firsi time that we have
heard from this body of New York cavalry, and they have
made a good report of themselves, and done honor to their
state."

Another writer says: "I asked one of the prisoners,
if he thought our boys could fight well. He said : ' Only
that regular cavalry ) they fought like devils.' That regu-
lar cavalry was the glorious New York Fifth,"

After returning from this successful encounter, some of
our men, while bathing In the river near New Market, were
attacked by bushwhackers, and two men of Co. I were killed
and one of Go. L captured.

The day following this affair, the news was received of
the evacuation of Yorktown, and the army was in a great
jubilee of rejoicing. Consolidated bands visited Generals
Banks, Williams and Hatch, and made the town echo with
patriotic music. They also visitei and serenaded tbo Fifth

I*' n

a.««fAV.- -v orf

Fifth New York Cavalry.

prisoner ie usually
had been pursued
rht all capture by
ck, were scattered,
9, and Whitcomb
;aptured and taken

: "The brilliant
legraph, hasestab-
Ira Harris Guard.
b there is cavalry
ik their mounted
; capable of using
trooper, in close
time that we have
ry, and they have
)ne honor to their

of the prisoners,
He said : * Only
evils.' That regu-
fth."

noounter, some of
New Market, were
)f Co. I were killed

ws was received of
rmy was in a great
8 visited Generals
he town echo with
erenaded the Fifth

New York in honor of their gallant charge yesterday. As that
had been the first cavalry charge of the war, where sabres were
used, and with such signal success, the affair created much
comment at the time in military circles.

On the 12th the whole force fell back to Woodstock, and
continued aa far as Tom's Brook on the 14th, at which time
quite a skirmish was fought at Woodstock by our cavah-y.
As our army fell back, ita rear was closely followed and
frequently attacked by Ashby's force. Consequently a strong
guard was required. On the 21st, Gen. Hatch, with about 150
of the Fifth, made a successful attack upon this force, drivin,;
them many miles, killing, wounding n.ud capturing several
and returning without the loss of a man.

Meantime, Co. H, which had been detached with Brig.
Gen. Sullivan in the Luray Valley, during the last of April,
had fought several spirited skirmishes with the enemy and
now rejoined the regiment. While in the Luray Valley
they had witnessed a curious modus operandi, where a force
of our infantry and cavalry was hard pressed by the enemy
on the bank of the Shenandoah river, which was so high as
to be unfordable. As a last resort the cavalrymen plunged
into the stream, swimming their horses, and towed across
the infantrjrmen who clung to the animals' tails.

Matf 23rf. Gen. Banks had been lying securely a few days
a and about Straiburg, when he was unexpectedly informed
uy messengers oi' the Fifth N. Y. Cavalry, that a sudden
attaik h^'* oeen made by the great flanker, Stonewall
Jackson, upon Col. Kenly's force at FrontRoyal. Companies
B and D had been sent to Col. Kenly during the afternoon
arriving just as the Rebels began to pour down the valley
and the hills upon this devoted garrison. The cavalry was

^tfitfA"-': >';-!»a

J6k*'

Historic Records.

mi^

m-.

iminediataly ordered to charge the enemy. Qu'ckly obeying
the order, a splendid charge iras made with great force.
Had bravery been sufficient to win, the Ira Harris Quard
would have again succeeded, but, greatly outnumbered,
flanked and almost surrounded, with a large number killed.
wounded and captured, the remnant was driven back upon
our main force which was now retreating at a rapid rate.
In this charge fell the young and brave Lieutenant Dwyer,
Co. B, mortally wounded. Capt. A. H. White, Co. D (after-
ward Colouel), and Adjutant Griffin, while gallantly leading
their men, fell into the enemy's hands.

Gen. Banks, in his report to the war department, says:
" Information was received on the evening of Blay 28d, that
the enemy in very large force had descended on the guard
at Front Royal, Col. Kenly, First Md. Regiment, commanding,
burning bridges and driving our troops through Strasburg,
vtritb great loss. Owing to what was deemed an extravagant
statement of the enemy's strength, these reportii were received
with some distrust; but a regiment of infantry, with a strong
detachment of cavalry and a section of artillery, were imme-
diately sent to reenforce Col. Kenly."

Meanwhile preparations were made to fall back to Win-
chester aa rapidly aa possible. Col. De Forest with six
companies of the regiment and Col. Tompkins with an equal
number of his regiment — the First Vermont, with a detach-
ment of Zouaves d'Afriqne (Gen. Banks' body guard), and
a section of Hampton's battery, were ordered to cover the
rear and to destroy stores not provided with transportation
at Strasburg. But before this oonld be accomplished the
enemy had pushed a force between our main army and this
rear guard. Swift and desperate charges were made, but

f. Qj-'ckly obeying
e with great force.
I Ira Harris Guard
eatly ontnumbered,
arge number killed.
s driven back upon
ng at a rapid rate.
) Lieutenant Dwyer,
White, Co. D (after-
lile gallantly leading

ir depftrtatat, aajn:
ing of May 28d, that
cended on the guard
riment, commanding,
through Straaburg,
smed an extravagant
reports were received
fantry, with a strong
irtillery, were imme>

1 fall back to Win-
De Forest with six
fipkins with an equal
■mont, with a detach-
es' body guard), and
ffdered to cover the
with transportation
be accomplished the
main army and this
;e8 were made, but

■&.ia!.^i&W^

^^^/>N^^/-5^^^;x^:

«:ii!*«j._?#*j;2'f-(i, ,V,t'»'iuvjiK"j«

^f^i^av^-iiJi^-^f^Stitf^^^iTHti^^^'^

(,■.*

Fifth New York Cavalry.

a junction could not be cffooted and our men wore threatened
with annihilation. Middlotown and Newtown CrosH Roads
were the scenea of fearful encounters, but the noble band
was beaten back every time. At length, breaking away
from the enemy, this guard took to the fields toward the
Little North Mountains, hoping, by a circuitous route around
the enemy's flank, to be able to join Gen. Banks at Winches-
ter, where Col. Tompkins with some artillery joined him
next day. Col. De Forest, encumbered with a train, was not
80 fortunate, but was compelled to pass over the rugged
mountain roads for several days, reaching our army
at last by way of Cherry Run and Clear Spring, and bringing
in with him a train of 82 wagons and many stragglers. Gen.
Banks, after a hasty and disastrous retreat, fell back into
Maryland at Williarosport and Falling Waters. Belle Boyd,
the noted Rebel female spy, was undoubtedly instrumental
in causing our defeat. It was afterwards ascertained that
she was the bearer of an extensive correspondence between
Rebels outside and inside our lines.

The following letter from one of our brave boys, will
show how Gen. Banks saved bis army from utter destruc-
tion at Strasburg :

WiLLiAMBPORT, Md., May 26, 1862.

Dear Father and Motlter : You have probably heard by
this time of the three days' fighting from Strasburg
and Front Royal to Martinsburg. Our company and com-
pany B were ordered to Front Royal in the mountains,
twelve miles from Strasburg, last Friday, and when we got
within two miles of our destination we heard cannonading.
The majori ordered the baggage to stop, and our two oom-

' Mai. P. G. Vought, oommanding Detachment.

sesj^siiiss

]

Historic Records.

1 if

puniea danhod on, and found soveral companies of our
infantry and two pieces of artillery engaged with Hevcral
thousands of the enouiy. Just as we arrived on the field,
Col. Kenly, who had command of our Torces, rodo up to uie,
and ordered me to take one man and the two best horMes in
our company, and ride for dear life to Gen. Banks' head-
quarters in Htrasburg for reenforeement. The direct road to
Strasburg was occupied by the enemy, so I was obliged to
ride around by another, seventeen miles. I rode the seven-
teen miles in tiily-five minutes. Gen. Banks did not seem
to think it very serious, bat ordered one regiment of infantry
and two pieces of artillery off. I asked Gen. Banks for a
fresh horse to rejoin my company, and ho gave me the best
horse that I ever rodo, and I started back. I came out on
the Front Royal turnpike, about two miles this side of
where I left our men. Saw two men standing in the road,
and their horses standing by the fence. 1 supposed they
were our pioketij.

They did not halt me, so I leked them if they were
pickets. They said no. Says I, " who are you ?" " We are
part of Gen. Jackson's staff." I supposed they were only
joking. I laughed, and asked them where Jackson was.
They said 'he was in the advance. 1 left them and rode
toward Front Royal, till I overtook a soldier, and asked him
what regiment he belonged- to. He said he belonged to the
Eighth Louisiana. I asked how large a force they had, and
the reply waa " twenty thousand." 1 turned back and drew
my revolver, expecting either a desperate fight or a southern
jail; but the ofiBcers in the road did not stop me, and I was
lucky enough not to meet any of their pickets. But if it
was not a narrow escape, then I don't know what is. When

■ i^

lib I

'ZM» .vt<«^Wiisjrt;i.i<4^fis^ai>&UF-«^iVi

— ""^

•iiiiipnnies of our

iiKfid with Hovcral

ived on the field,

ea, rodo up to me,

two best horses in

jlen. BankH' heiul-

The direct road to

3 I was obliged to

I rode the seven-

tanks did not seem

sginientof infuntry

Gen. Banks for a

3 gave mo the best

ck. I oanie out on

miles this side of

audiug in the road,

I supposed they

;hem if they were
eyou?" "We ore
led they were only
here Jackson was.
eft them and rode
iier, and asked him
he belonged to the
"orce they had, and
rned back and drew
fight or a southern
stop me, and I was
pickets. But if it
3W what is. When

Fifth New York Cavaley.

I (;ot out of the enemy's lines, I rode as fast as the horse
could carry me to Ocn. Banks, and reported what I had
Hcuu and heard. Ho said I had saved the army.

In less than an hour the whole army was in motion
toward Winchester. After I left Front Royal to take the
(lispatch to Strasburg, our two companies of cavalry, who
were covering the retreat of infantry and baggage, were
attacked on three sides by about three thousand of the
enemy's cavalry. Our boys fought like devils, till nearly
half of them were killed or wounded, and then retreated to
Winchester. Capt. White, William Watson, Ileury
Appleby, and nine or ten men of my company are killed or
taken. William Marshall is all right, except a slight sabre
cut in the shoulder.

Wo had a fight at Winchester, got licked and retreat-
ed. Our company hud company E were ordered to cover
the parrot gun batl/Ory, and bring up the roar. We rode
all the way from Winchester to Martiusburg, with caun^/u
shot and shell flying around us faster than it did at Bull
Kun. W<i crossed the Potomac last night. It was so dark
that we could not find the ford, and had to swim our horses
across. We have got our batteries in position on this side,
and the rear of the army is crossing.
From your son,

Charley H. Oreenleaf,

Co. D. Fifth N. Y. Cavalry.

Thus ended this famous retreat. It cost the govern-
ment about 50 wagons, which were either abandoned or
destroyed, about nine hundred European rifles left at Stras-
burg and large quantities of medical and hospital stores,
including surgeons' instruments, destroyed and abandoned at

'i>w-.i.£»W-«&V'^.C'-^?i''

^:life''a4fe-^^i^:i:;r«s^l^il^

kK^JN-.

Historic Kecoeds:

Strasburg and Winchester. The army waa conoiderably demo-
ralized. Discouraged with their defeats raauy of the boya
took advantage of their sojourn in Maryland to take
French furloughs, though some of them afterward returned
to their commands.

iWi

i 'l'

.^s;i-;#«ffi*S*>*<fr'-Vi*.»K>.--*^

,,si;.liS».ai^':"»«'«£i«^SS^^

w^am

coDoiderabiydemo-

Iraauy of the boys

laryland to take

ftorward returned

CHAPTER m.

Kebel Army Cri/ssing South of Blue Ridge. — Successful Adyance
on Martinoburg. — Services and Sutferingg of tlie Ctvalry. —
Cavalry Battle of Orange Court House. — Fifth New York Boys. —
Terrible Dealers in Hardware. — Reoonnoissanoe to Louisa
Court House. — Qen. Stuart's Adjutant General and Important
Dispatches from Gen. Lee Captured. — Reoonnoissanoe through
Snicker's Gap and to Berryville. — Capture of a Rebel Camp,
one Stand of Culors and much Spoil. — Charge on a Sutler's
Shanty. — Sword Presented to Gen. J. P. Hatch. — Inieresting
Correspondence.^ May 31«( to Decembtr 9\»t, 1862.

With the valley cleared of the Yankee army, the Bebels
began to throw their forces across the Blue Kidge to attack
our main force in front of Washington, leaving only a
strong picket line at the foot of the valley, opposed to our
army in Maryland. It soon became necessary to advance
across the river, and ascertain what was in our front. The
regiment, which had been divided in the retreat, now
advanced from Harper's Ferry and from Williamsport.
The former column met the enemy at Gharlestown, and
(IroTe him; and the latter advanced on Martinsburg, drove
the pickets through the town and cantured several prisoners,
a wagon, musketa, ammunition and an American flag.
They also recaptured several of our officers and men lost at
l*Vont Royul, among them Adjutant Griffin. Several
engines and cars were also captured from the enemy, who

tJ,»itj.'vS*{.i -.ifafi^^i^SS^*' '

m-^--

f'^mr

Historic Records.

appearea to have been taken wholly by surprise. This
encouraging advance took place the last day of May. On
the fourth of June the regiment advanced to Winchester,
where ita fragmenta were reunited. However, companies
B and D, which had distinguished themselves at Front
Royal, were detached from the regiment, to serve on a bat-
tery. (See register of companies). Not much was accom-
plished during the month.

On the '•'xieenth the regiment received pay, marched to
Midd. ♦'^\T the twenty-seventh and to Front Royal the

thirtieth. This march was continued to Flint Hill, the
fifth of July, and on the sixth, at Sperryville, a squad of
Rebel cavalry was encountered and a fight ensued, our boys
scattering the enemy. The regiment was here joined by
Major Gardner, who had been detached with Companies C,
¥, G, and L, on the 19th of June.

July %th. The regiment marched to Gaines' Cross Roads,
advancing on Culpepper Court House on the twelfth, where
it had a skirmish with the enemy, drove them through the
town and captured fifteen prisoners. The sixteenth the
boys enjoyed an all-day march through an all-day rain, to
Rapidan Ford. The next day they marched into Orange
Court House, expel' ^rter a short skirmish, the enemy
that was in town, t^ ., the first Union troops that had
ever visited this /)la. le^ were objects of excited obser-
vation. But to the iuti " satisfaction of the people, they
left on the eighteenth, auu returned to Rapidan Ford.
While on picket at Barnctt's Ford, a large portion of
Company A was captured.

This was a season of great suffering among our men and
horses for want of rations and forage, especially the former.

<i-:<,..4SiA^KS». .^*'***i

-if^iimm^'»^St^^ii>mtm*^ii^iMX^£^'^S^^'"

Fifth New York Cavalry.

)y surprise. This
day of May. On
sed to Winchester,
owever, companies
emselves at Front
to serve on a bat-
t, much was accom-

d pay, marched to
to Front Royal the
to Flint Hill, the
yville, a squad of
it ensued, our boys
'as here joined by
with Companies C,

aines' Cross Eoads,
1 the twelfth, where
3 them through the
The sixteenth the
an all-day rain, to
arched into Orange
:irmish, the enemy
ion troops that had
M of excited obser-
)f the people, they
to Kapidan J"ord.
a large portion of

imong our men and
peeially the former.

IJeing iilnioRt constantly on the move, and most of the time
on the extreme out-posts, it was not possible to bring them
supplies. Of the cavalry in general, one correspondent
makes this remark : — " They picket our outposts, scout the
whole country for information, open our fights, cover our
retreats, or clear up and finish our victories, as the case
iiiiiy bo. In short, they are never idle, and rarely find rest
lor either men or horses." And he might have added,
"are often sadly in want." During the remainder of July
uo force of the enemy was encountered, but the regiment
was almost constantly on the march, having passed and
bivouacked by the following places: — Sperryville, Wood-
,ille, Culpepper Court House, James City, Wolftown, and
into the Luray Valley, by way of Swift Run Grap, to Luray,
Woodville again, and back to Culpepper Court House near
which they bivouacked until the 1st of August. On this day
tbey marched to Raccoon Ford. At this place was concen-
trated quite a force of cavalry, under Gen. Crawford, pre-
paratory to an important movement. During the month
Gen. Hatch was removed from the command of the cavalry
in this department. Gen. John Buford succeeded him.

August 2d. Gen. Crawford with the Ist Vermont, 1st
Michigan and the 5th New York advanced at an early hour
to reconnoitre the force and position of the enemy about
Orange Court House. Scarcely a Rebel appeared until the col-
Tiinn approached the town. Without opposition the advance
entered the town, whose streets they found deserted, while
u stillness like that of death seemed to reign all around.
lUit suddenly volley after volley broke the stillness, and
proclniniod the presence of a heavy force of the enemy.
On reaching the suburbs of the town, a strong flanking party,

•mi^miSs&M^I^^

^i«.V ' .-n.^fe'.e-^*-

^-V^Pj—/''

■--^#5

Historic Rkcorus.

consisting of Cos. G and H, under command of Capt.
Hammond, was ordered around to the left toward the Gor-
donsville road, whither they dashed off with spirit, under
their gallant leader.

The main column encountered a b^avj charge of the
enemy in the street, which, at first, drove our fellows back a
littie. Rallying from the first shock, they now dashed back
upon the enemy^ and a fierce conflict from pistols and car-
bines followed. Shots flew in every direction, killing horses
and men alike. The fight waa furious in the narrow streeta ;
and just as the enemy's column began to waver, Capt.
Hammond, who had fought the enemy at the depot, and was
now partially surrounded, with drawn sabres charged upon
the rebels in his front, crying as he flew forward, " give
them your hardware, boys 1" And they did the work most
heroically. Tremendous were the blows they dealt, and
the street was strewn with unhorsed men whose heads dis-
^ played fearful gashes from the Yankee sabres. Lieutenant .
Penfield, Co. H, with a thorough knowledge of sabre exer-
cise, with a long, strong arm, and a courageous heart, did
terrible exocution in this fray. The enemy could not
stand these " hardware " dealers, and fit J in the utmost
confusion, leaving their dead and badly wounded in our hands.
The great number of these only showed how determined
and gallant had been our attack. Fifty prisoners were cap-
tured, including a major, a captain, and two lieutenants.

During this fight. Col. De Forest had a very narrow escape
with his life, and wa3 indebted for his preservation to bugler
Bohrer, of Co. I.l

> See Register of Co. I.

Sito*-jv^.-„;iJi>'.c<.i'3^iH^^f-^s^*--^-?'i* '^'*-'

s,i/s^^im'»-£^i^is0^.i^^^^-is^^^^'*'^^^'^^^^^^'^^'

•Ky^-orimasgssi:-.^

Fifth Nbw York Cavalry.

imand of Capt.

toward the Gor-

[ith spirit, under

'y charge of the

nr fellows back a

now dashed back

pistols and car-

on, killing horses

le narrow streets ;

to waver, Capt.

he depot, and was

>res charged upon

¥ forward, " give

lid the work most

1 they dealt, and

whose heads dis-

tbres. Lieutenant ,

dge of sabre exer-

■ageous heart, did

enemy could not

:J in the utmost

nded in our hands.

how determined

irisoners were cap-

70 lieutenants.

ery narrow escape

lervation to bugler

This engagement clearly proved our superiority over the
enemy's cavalry, which, in this instance, consisted of their
best Virginia regiments lately under Col. Ashby.

Heavy reinforcements having been received by the enemy,
and our work having been accomplished, our cavalry fell
back to the Rapidan, where the Rebels ceased pursuing.
Here were rested our victorious squadrons.

On the 4th the regiment marched to Culpepper a'jd to
Madison Court House on the 5th, bivouacking near the town.
From Wolftown to Stannards on the 7th we formed a line of
pickets; and on the 9th was fought the memorable battle of
Cedar or Slaughter Mountain. Only a few of the regiment
were engaged in this battle, one of those being killed. A
slight skirmish was fought with the enemy on the 10th as
they fell back toward Gordonsville.

Avgmt Wth. The regiment marched to Culpepper Court
House and found the town full of our wounded from the battle
of the 9th.

AiigrMt \2th. On a reconnoissance to Barnett's Ford on
the Rapidan and back to Culpepper. Paid ofif on the 15th
and marched to Mitchell's Station on the 16th, preparatory
to a Bwifl move on the enemy's lines.

August nth. Detachments of the Fifth New York and
First Michigan, Col. Broadhead commanding, marched out
early on a bold reconnoissance to Louisa Court House, where
they captured Gen. Stuart's Adjutant General and several
ycjTf important dispatches. Gen. Pope in his report speaks

this affair as follows:

" The Cavalry expedition sent out on the 16th in the direc-
tion of Louisa Court House, captured the Adjutant General
of Gen. Stuart, and was very near capturing that officer

sa&'s*&»(fe'^K^feS&''

Historic Records.

himself. ^ Among the papers taken was an autograph
letter of Gen. Kobert E. Lee to Gen. Stuart, dated Gordons-
ville, August 15th, which made manifest to me the disposi-
tion and force of the enemy and their determination to
overwbe'm the army under my command before it could be
recnforced by any portion of the army of the Potomac."

Having spent a night in chasing through the confederate
lines, our men returned to their own side of the Rapidan.
Gen. Pope's army was falling back across the Rappahannock,
and the regiment marched to Barnett's Ford on that river,
and held the crossing.

Auffust 20/A. The regiment advanced to Kelly's Ford,
and took part in a general engagement. They were ordered
to support :' battery, which vaa exposed to a fearful fire.
The colonel encouraged his men by a short address, and they
did their work well.

On the 22d we marched to Fayetteville, continued the
march to Warrenton the next day, and on the 24th partici-
pated in a severe engagement at Wat«rloo Bridge. Our
men suffered from the Rebel batteries which were brought
to bear upon them. During the fight a shell took effect iu
our ranks killing instantly three horses belonging to the
three officers of Go. I but fortunately only a few men were
hurt.

On the 27th Cos. I, K, & L, were detached as orderlies
and escort of Gen. Heintzelman; the balance of the regiment
was made escort of Gen. Pope. On the 28th Gompai^y M
was detailed escort of Gen. Banks, and the main body of the
regiment marched to Bull Run Bridge and camped.

> His belt wati captured.

'^*iiSI;:lsi-,-'4^';'^KHl\*'*#'-.'-'*^"-"'!£'''-"'i'^"^

i*l*ii*S<«&^»iS«iiS(U.;»'!«5Sr«.«»«

Fifth New York Cavalry.

18 an autograph
, dated Gordons-
» me the disposi-
determination to
tefore it could be
he Potomao."
h the confederate
of the Rapidan.
le Rappahannock,
ord on that river,

to Kelly's Ford,

rhey were ordered

d to a fearful fire.

address, and thoy

[lie, continued the
n the 24th partici-
rloo Bridge. Our
hich were brought
shell took effect iu
} belonging to the
ly a few men were

;ached as orderlies
loe of the regiment
28th Company M
e main body of the
id camped.

Augutt 29th. To-day commenced what has generally 'jeen
known as the second Battle of Bull Run, better named
Groveton. The Rebels were in overwhelming force, driving
Gen. Pope before them. Our lines fell back, and on the 80th
the conflict was renewed on the field of the first Bull Run.
The field though hotly contested, was again won by the enemy,
and though not panic-stricken we were compelled to retreat.
Gradually on the 31st our forces fell back toward Washington.

September l$t. Generals Kearney and Stevens distin-
guished themselves on the bloody field of Chantilly, and both
lost their lives. The regiment reached Fairfax Court House.

The retreat was continued and the regiment cajnped at
the Arlington House on the 5th. !rhe Rebel army now
moved into Maryland, and on the 17th and 19th was fought
the memorable battle of Antietam.

October Sth. Lt. Col. Johnstone with one hundred and ten
men went out with the brigade on a reoonnoissance to the
Rappahannock, returning, without meeting the enemy, on
the 11th.

October Ibth. Another expedition went ouv under Maj.
Hammond, marching the firat day to Chantilly, then on to
Aldie, White Plains, and back to Centreville on thvi 19th.
During this expedition skirmishes were fought at Leesburg,
Upperville and Thoroughfare Gap, ending with a running
fight from Haymarket to Warrenton whither we drove the

rcbols.

On the 20th the regiment was ordered on picket at Chan-
tilly, where it continued patrolling and picketing the
country until the twenty-eighth, when it went to Centre-
ville, and next dav to Manassas Junction and back to
Chantilly.

H'\

•iMami:ms^'W^'

-0M--'

Historic IIecouds.

October SOlh. We patrolled to Pleasant Valley, and
closed the month by picketing by detachments at Pollock's
Church, Anandale and Centreville. This work wag very
dull, and yet very wearing. The weather was becoming
cold and unpleasant, and picketing and scouting were not
very desirable. However, the month of November was
wholly devoted to this work, so that there was scarcely a
day of rest. The journal of movements runs as follows : on
the first to Centreville ; second to Bull Run battle field and
picket; third to Gainesville; fourth to Buckland Mills; fifth
to New Baltimore and have a fight; sixth to Buckland
Mills; leventh to Gainesville; eighth through Hopewell
Gap, after a skirmish; ninth to Aldie and Middleburg;
tenth to Hopewell Gap; eleventh through Thoroughfare
Gap with a fight, and to Aldie; twelfth to Middleburg on
patrol; thirteenth to Hopewell Gap; fourteenth to Aldie,
where we rested on the fifteenth. Such was the cavalry
service in those days. On the sixteenth we had a skirmish
at Upporville, and returned to Hopewell Gap next day, and
on to Chantilly the eighteenth. Here we met with a little
rest, the monotony of which was broken by an expedition to
the Blue Ridge and into the Shenandoah Valley and back.
This expedition, in command of Gen. Stahel, commenced its
march November 29th. The men of the Fifth New York
Cavalry were commanded by Capt. Krom, Company G. In
Snicker's Gap a Rebel picket was captured. On arriving at
the Shenandoah river at Snicker's Ferry the Rebels annoyed
our men and prevented rapid crossing, by firing from the
houses beyond the river. Capt. Krom, with his men,
dashed across the river, though the water was deep and the
current swift. On reaching the bank the Rebels were

:" ^?if.'iK^fe*^-^:!i*S':-'i**'

iim--::m^'->-^-i^^^i^^'^'i^'^'^^^^^^^'^^'''^'^^'

isant Valley, and
ments at Pollock's
tig work wag verj
:,her was becoming

scouting were not
of November was
lere was scarcely a
runs as follows : on
lun battle field and
lokland MilU; fifth
sixth to Buckland
through Hopewell
I and Middleburg;
»ugh Thoroughfare

to Middleburg on
urteenth to Aldie,
jh was the cavalry

we had a skirmiRh

Gap next day, and
ne met with a little

by an expedition to
h Valley and back,
ahel, commenced its
he Fifth New York
m, Company G. In
red. On arriving at
the Rebels annoyed
, by firing from the
)m, with his men,
er was deep and the
k the Rebels were

Fifth New York Cavalry.

furiously charged and driven. Our men pursued them at
the utmost speed of their horses for about three miles,
when they came upon the Rebel camps, which the enemy
attempted to defend. Their effort failed. Our men being
reenforoed, the enemy was beaten and fled, leaving in our
hands one captain, two lieutenanto, thirty-two men, one
stand of colors and several wagons, one of them filled with
tents, and others with provisions. Several ambulances also
were taken laden with articles which had been taken by
White's men, in a recent raid into Poolsville, M..-yland.
Sixty horses and fifty head of cattle were also captured in
this gallant charge. The expedition returned on the 80th
through Leesburg, Goose Creek, Broad Run to Chantilly.

December 1«<. To our old duty again on picket until the
4th, near Chantilly. On the 10th we picketed at Centre-
ville, and did the same duty on the Bull Run battle field,
on the 12th. Marched to Chantilly the 13th and picketed
till the 28th. Being relieved from this duty, we were
immediately sent on a scout to Union Mills and Fairfax
Station, spending the night at Fairview.

December 29lh. Stuart's raiders came through our lines
and passed near our camp on their return. The regiment
wa.s sent in pursuit. We followed them about six miles,
but found their force too strong for us to attack. On the
30th we returned to Chantilly on picket, and ended the
year by falling back to Fairfax Court House, where the
boys, actuated by mischief and with a desire of having
something with which to celebrate the coming New Year,
made a charge upon a sutler's shanty, which resulted in
the capture of much spoil and in a general victory.
The following correspondence will explain itself :

■^^i^imss

Historic Records.

2i> Catalrt Bbioadi, 8d Army Corpi^ 1
Near Fort Scott, Va., Dersmbor 8d, 1862. >

To Brig. Oen. John P. Hatch :

General : The accompanying sabre is presented to you by
the officers of the First Vermont and Fifth New York Cav-
alry.

We have served under you while you commanded the
Cavalry in Virginia — a period of active operations and
military enterprise — during which your courage and judg-
ment inspired us with confidence, while your zeal and
integrity have left us an example easier to be admired than
imitated.

We, who have passed with you beyond the Rapidan, and
through Swift Run Gap, are best able to recognize your
qualities as a commander.

Accept, therefore. General, this testimonial of esteem,
offered long after we were removed from your command, —
when the external glitter of an ordinary man ceases to affect
the mind, but when real worth begins to be appreciated.

On behalf of the Officers of the Fifth New York.

Robert Johnstone,
Lt. Col. 5th New York Cavalry.
Otweffo, N. r. Deo. 16th, 1862.
To the Officers of the Fifth New York and First Vermont
Regiments of Cavalry :

Gentlemen : A very beautiful sabre, your present to my-
self, has been received. I shall wear it with pride, and will
never draw it but in an honorable cause.

The very kind letter accompanying the sabre has caused
emotions of the deepest nature. The assurance it gives
of the confidence you feel in myself, and your approval of

»-A~S*-.'*&'!'S-'%'«"

rtirif*3a^s*feiS»at*«*Sa*'*^*^S'5**^^

Fifth New York Cavalry.

)■, 8d Army Corpi^ 1
Dersmber 8d, 1862. >

presented to you by
ifth New York Cav-

^oa commanded the
tive operatiunB and
ir courage and judg-
'hile your zeal and
r to be admired than

nd the Rapidan, and
lo to recognize your

itimonial of esteem,
im your command, —
' man ceases to affect
a be appreciated.
1 New York.
' Johnstone,
Jew York Cavalry.

r. Deo. 16th, 1862.
k and First Vermont

my course when in command of Banks' Cavalry, is particu-
larly gratifying. You, actors with myself in those stirring
Bconcs, are competent judges as to the propriety of my course,
when it unfortunately did not meet with the approval of my
superior; and your testimony, so handsomely expressed,
artcr time has allowed opportunity for reflection, more than
compensates for the mortification of that moment.

I have watched with pride the movements of your regi-
ments, since my separation from you. When a telegram
has announced that " in a Cavalry fight, the edge of the sabre
was successfully used, and the enemy routed," the further
announcement that the Fifth New York and First Vermont
were engaged, was unnecessary.

Accept my kindest wishes for your ftiture success, —
sharp sabres and a trust in Providence, will enable you to
secure it in the field.

Very truly, my friends,

Your obedient Servant

John P. Hatch,
Brigadier General.

your present to my-
1; with pride, and will
le.

the sabre has caused
e assurance it gives
nd your approval of

ai»"

cnAPTER rv.

Mosby, the OiierriUs — His men Picketing Against him at Chan-

tilly. — Building Winter Quarters at Qerraantown. — Descrip-
tion. — MoBby at Fairfax Court House. — Fight at Chantilly.—
At Warrenton Junction. — Cougralulatory Order of Command-
ing General. — Fight at Greenwich. — Capture of a Howitser. —
Gallant Conduct of Lieut. Barker. — Jan. lit to June lith, 1868.

The campaign of 1862 had ended, and the two great armies
had constructed their winter quarters facing each other,
al' be line of the Rappahannock, the Rebels occupying
tl '\ bank above and below the heights of Fredericks-

burg, and the Federals stretching .(heir camps for man;
miles on the northern shore above and below Falmouth.
Between this line and that uf the defenses of Washington
lies a vast territory, which abounds in creeks, marshes, deep,
sombre forests, with only here and there a village or settle-
ment. A little to the west runs the chain of the Bull Run
Mountains, with their ravines and caverns. This is a very
fit hiding place for guerrillas and bushwhackers, who, in con-,
siderable numbers, infest the country, and commit their
depredations on our lines. These guerrillas consist mostly
of farmers and mechanics, residents of this region of country,
who are exempt from the Rebel conscription. They gene-
rally follow their usual avocation during the day, and congre-
gate at certain localities at night ready for any work proposed

-V- '■..i/>-.r-s^-''

:; v,^ f« t.***,-. f.<^:tA.in-- ,>>a:.i*s3:Sa.:.^A«W»v.-.^«a:«.iaJi8K-»?*i6S^^

40l\

ing Against him at Chan-
SerinantowD. — Desorip-
— Fight at Chantilljr.—
ry Order of Command-
apture of a Howitier. —
. Ui to JuM lith, 1868.

id the two great armies
rs facing each other,
the Rebels occupying
beights of Fredericks-
heir camps for manj
alid below Falmouth.
efcDses of Washington
creeks, marshes, deep,
ere a village or settle-
shain of the Bull Run
'ems. This is a very
whackers, who, in con--
ry, and commit their
lerrillas consist mostly
this region of country,
loription. They gene-
ng the day, and congre-
for any work proposed

Fifth New York Cavalry.

by their leader, though each is often found to act quite
inde|H!udently of the rest. Their commander-in-chief is
John S. Moeby, who, aa a Rebel soldier who had known him
from childhood up informed the writer, had always been a
sort of guerrilla — deserting from his homo in mere boyhood
— fighting duels as a pastime — rowing the country far and
wide in search of pleasure or profit — andfiudingnow hischicf
delight in the adventures of guerrilla life. Under such
ifuJorship this guerrilla force has become very formidable,
mid a strong picket line was necessary at some distance from
the defenses of Washington.

January 1»<, 1868. The regiment celebrated this anni-
versary by marching from Fairfax Court House to Chantilly,
and was there posted .u picket, to guard against the incur-
sions of M' y and his gang. The peculiar nature of the
force opposed to us requires special pains in the picketing.
The main reserve, established from one to two miles from
the line of videttes, is so situated as to be within easy striking
distance of each picket relief — at least when this can be
done — so as to render speedy assistance in case of an attack
on any portion of the line.

The boys will not soon forget the dreary, dangerous hours
they spent along this picket line. In fancy they will see
themselves shivering around a miserable fire among the
plies, compelled often to sit or lie down in mow or mud.
In this plight they hear the summons to be ready to stand
post. Mounted upon their shivering horses, the poor fel-
lows with nothing cheering but their courage, go out to sit
in the saddle for two hours, facing the biting wind, and
peering through the storm of sleet, snow or rain, which pelts
them in the face mercilessly. Happy if the guerrilla does

■ir

4iS-j«?,«»!

fe.^|teS^iii&->fe|*«S^^**^;i«*'^*siB'«^9'fe*-''''

Historic Records.

iWI

IS!

not creep through bushes impenetrable to the sight, to in-
flict his cruel blows. The two hours expired, relief come?
and the vidette returns to spend his four, six, or eight
hours off duty as best he may.

January bth. At a post called Frying Pan, the pickets
were attacked by guerrillas, and quite a number of men
were captured. The nature of the country is such as to
afford the enemy the greatest possible advantage. Deep
ravines, skirted by massive foliage summer and winter, give
him shelter, while his knowledge of every road and foot-
path gives him a fine opportunity to escape with his booty
in case of pursuit.

January Qth. Several men were captured and one wounded
on picket near Cub Run. The guerrillas are very active.
The utmost vigilance on our part cannot secure us perfectly
from their depredations. The only way to rid ourselves of
this plague would be to scour the entire country with a
large force, arrest every male inhabitant able to carry a
musket, and burn to the ground every building, including
housf- where these bushwhackers reside or find refuge. To
so stern a punishment, falling upon innocent and guilty
with like terror, the government is not willing to resort.
If the war is to continue long this would prove to be true
policy, saving the lives of many of our brave boys.

January 10th. From the Chaotilly mansion, owned by
one of the Stuarte, the regiment moved to Germantown,
pitching camp on a pine-covered knoll. The streets are
laid out quite regularly by companies, a space averaging
about 25 or 30 feet being occupied by each company. Tho
men construct ptockades of logs about 3 feet high, on which
they place their tents, called A tents, on account of resem-

j^..^^; _:_^ .^.-.j^ i*,^^,ii^_^j... ^j^^- .,^^ -^.-^'i.';iS':..^d^-4ii^'^:M3!h^'t^^- ihiS^M

to the sight, to in-
cpired, relief come?
four, six, or eight

g Pan, the picketa
a number of men
tntry is such as to
advantage. Deep
ler and winter, give
very road and foot-
eape with his booty

ed and one wounded
las are very active.

secure us perfectly
■ to rid ourselves of
ire country with a
ant able to carry a

building, including
I or find refuge. To
nnocent and guilty
t willing to resort,
lid prove to be true
brave boys,
mansion, owned by
ed to Germantown,
1. The streets are
, a space averaging
ach company. Tho
feet high, on which
□ account of reseni-

Fifth New York Cavalry.

blauce to that letter. Chimneys are made of stone, or of
bricks found in the remains of destroyed houdes in the
neighborhood, and sometinaes of sticks of wood carefully
laid in mud, which is by no means very inferior mortar.
With this material the crevices of the stockades are also
vfell plastered, making the soldier's cabin quito tight and
\sarm, if he is not too idle to supply himself amply with
i'uel. In front of the tents is a street which has to bo
corduroyed or it will become impassable for mud, and just
across the street are the stables for *he horses. These are
u.sually covered with a thick thatchirg of pine boughs, which
atiord a tolerable shelter for the cavalryman's crusty friend

January 11th. The regiment went on a scouting party
to Brentaville, and returned by way of Bristoe Station and
Manassas Junction.

January 12lh. A false alarm aroused the entire camp,
which consists of a brigade of cavalry, composed of the
First Virginia (Union), Eighteenth Pennsylvania aud Fifth
New York regiments of cvalry.

January l%th. Another false alarm disturbed our usual
rest; and before quieting down again we were sent on
picket, to remain about five days. We were relieved on
the 17th.

January llth. Sergt. Maj. Oall and 1st Sergt. Bryant,
Company G, went to Buckland Mills with a flafc of truce.

January 20th. Companies E and Or went on picket at
Frying Pan, dismounted, that they might be the better
prepared for guerillas should they appear.

January 94th. The same companies were ordered out
on a scouting party to Ilerndon Station, and captured a

m.;-»Jf^^^m

.,4l^j^^i0^Z%f^jfili^S4i-^%i-*-*^^ -^ ■*- ^1*^''a^^ -^sb.

Hif-TORio Records.

sutler's wagon, which was being smuggled iu«) the Rebel
lines, and some prisoners.

January 2Qth. ^losby made an attack on the 18th Pa.
on picket near Chautilly Church, capturing 11. The Fifth
N. Y. was sent in pursuit of the guerrillas. Having reached
Middleburg, Maj. Hammond, in command, ordered a charge
through the town, which was executed handsomely and with
entire success, resulting in the capture of 25 prisoners
and the scattering of Mosby's men. The entire party, save
one man captured, returned safely to camp, after a journey
of 84 miles.

January 29<A. We resumed picketing this morning,
only a small portion of the regiment remaining in camp.

January 30<A. The regiment was relieved from picket
until further orders. The object, doubtless, is to give us other
work to do.

February 2d. We were ordered out on a. scout. Passed
through Centreville about sundown. Followed the pike
over the Bull Run battle field, by Gainesville and New Balti-
more, arriving at Warrenton, as the town clock struck 12
of the night. No force of the enemy was found in town.
One hundred muskets were captured and destroyed. Patrols
were sent to Waterloo Bridge and Sulphur Springs. The
country appeared to be clear of the enemy. Having accom-
plished the object of our scout we returned to camp, after
a cold, dreary journey.

February 9th. The regiment was again sent out to scout
the country. At Bristoe Station companies F and H, with
Capt. Penfield in command, vere sent to Warrenton. On
their way at New Baltimore they encountered quite a force
of the enemy, with which they had a spirited skirmish,

i^t^M«&W*«&W^SW(«fe»*<rfSfi^feS^^

:::H^\^V-

Fifth New York Cayalry.

led iuM) the Rebel

k on the 18th Pa.
ng 11. The Fifth
a. Having reached
1, ordered a charge
ndsomely and vith
e of 25 prisoners
I entire party, save
np, after a journey

jng this morning,
oining in camp,
lieved from picket
a, is to give us other

)n A scout. Passed
Followed the pike
rille und New Balti-
wn clock struck 12
foa found in town,
destroyed. Patrols
bur Springs. The
ly. Having acoom-
rned to camp, after

in sent out to scout
lies F and H, with
:o Warrenton. On
ntered quite a force
I spirited skirmish,

which Kas repeated but with less energy at Warrenton,
next day. The main body of the regiment on the 10th
Jiove in the enemy's pickets near Spotted Tavern, where
they captured two prisoners.

February \ith. The regiment moved to within four
iiiilo-s of Falmouth, and then turned northward throughT
Stafford Court House. It pursued its journey through
Dumfries, Wolf Run Shoals, Fairfax Station and Court
House, reaching camp on the 13th, after a very fatiguing
journey.

February \%th. Company G was sent on a scout to Hern-
don Station.

February 2lst. Rec«ived orders to resume picket duty.

February 25(h. During the night the 18th Penn. lost
twenty men and thirty horses on picket, by Mosby.

February 2Qth. Major Bacon, with one hundred and fifty-
one men, started on a scout, passing through Centreville.
Not being able to oross the Bull Run bridge, he returned to
Centreville, wher were rendezvoused other cavalry.

Februari/ 21th. The whole .imnand under Col. Wynd-
ham m< to Hcaleton Station and thence to Falmouth.

The going <s horribly muddy, many horses trivii ' out by
the way. This was tlio mos^t remarkable 1 ituie of the
expedition. After r in? ourselves aitJ animals for a few
(Jays at Falmouth, the exp iition retun.. 1 to camp by way
uf SUifford Court House and Wolf Run Shoals, arriving
March 3d, very much exhausted.

March 1st. Capt. Farley with ?■ my two men was sent
on a Bcout to Aldie, and returned without meeting the
enemy.

March 9lh. About three o'clock
5

!-:V:

A. M Mosby and his

fa,

■-iMSiim^H>>^^i^

Historic Records

'• IP *

gang, led by Sergeant J. F. Ames,' formerly of company L,
of this regiment, having safely passed by the pickets,
entered Fairfax Court House. Without scarcely firing a shot,
they captured fifty fine horses and about thirty prisoners,
including Brig. Gen. Stoughton, and Capt. Barker, Fifth
New York Cavalry. The brigade was sent in pursuit of
the dashing party, each regiment taking different routes j
but they returned at night unsuccessful, the Fifth New
York having gone to Herndon Station. Such a raid, five
or six miles within our lines, resulting in such a heavy loss
to us, reflects very uncreditably upon some of our military
leaders, while it shows how wily a foe we have to contend
wi' a. It ia thought that not a few of the inhabitants of
the region are more or less engaged in the business of giv-
ing Mosby important information, which lays the founda-
tion of his success.

March \2.th. We sent two hundred men on picket,
averaging the number fro-j; the dififerent companies. .

March lith. Maj. White with first battalion went out at
night as a reserve for the pickets. We are almost constantly
on duty. One small brigade of cavalry is doing the duty
t^at one division should do.

March \bth. We moved our camp a little below Fairfax
Court House on a fine elevation, which overlooks the sur-
rounding country. Before night snow and hail began to fall, "
and a terrible night was experienced. The mercury at 5
p. M. stood at 28° 30'.

March 18/A. The regiment went on picket for 24 hours.

j.S«tl^.

»Ame8, after deserting to Mosbj, was called Big Yankee.
He became efficient for the UebcU and was finally killed.

■*!<!!!«» ■S»*S'*»'»8f^*t'

aaerly of company L,
ed by the picketa,
scarcely firing a shot,
out thirty prisoners,
Capt. Barker, Fifth
IS sent in pursuit of
ng different routebj
sful, the Fifth New
1. Such a raid, five
in such a heavy losa
some of our military
we have to contend
)f the inhabitants of
the business of gir-
lich lays the fouuda-

red men on picket,
nt companies. .
battalion went out at
are almost constantly
iry is doing the duty

little below Fairfax
ih overlooks the sur-
nd hail began to fall, '
I, The mercury at 5

I picket for 24 hours.

i8 called Big Yankee.
B finnlty killed.

Fifth New York Cavalry.

March 1M. Wont out on picket again. About 5 P. M.
Mosby made an attack on the pike, introducing himself
liy Hhooling the first vidette he came to through the head.
The main reserve being alarmed, fo.med and pursued this
lorce about three miles. Here a barricade of trees is
thrown across the road, back of which the guerrillas had
iormed themselves. Our column was stopped by a fire of
carbines and pistols, and by a flank fire from the woods.
At this inopportune moment the Rebels made a charge,
which broke our column. Our boys were then driven back
furiously. Some horses giving out, the hapless riders were
captured. By the heroic exertions of Major White and
the arrival of the reserve from Frying Pan, the boys were
rallied and the Rebels again driven back, and pursued for
eight miles. But they escaped after inflicting upon us very
serious injury. For some reason the regiment never acted
with so little concert, and was never so badly beaten by so
small a force, supposed to be about eighty strong. Every
one felt mortified at the result of this day's work, and
resolved to retrieve our fortunes on some more fortunate

occasion.

March ^hth. Maj. G*n. Stahel took command of this
cavalry division, composed of three brigades. The third
bvi-ade is composed of the 1st Vir9;inia, 18th Pennsylvania
and Fifth New York.

March Tith. We went on picket with Maj. Bacon for

2 \ hours.

March^Oth. Picket duty again with Maj. White.

April M. Maj. Bacon went out again with the regiment
on picket. The three rt^'imenta of the brigade do picket
duty by turn, being on duty one day and off two.

lif%

i?»ii

fii

1*1

f !

■i^S

iw»

Historic Kbcoeds.

April Gth. We sent out one hundred men for picket.

April 12tL The 3d brigade paraded for piuster, under
orders from Col. De Forest, who was assigned to the com-
mand as acting brigadier general, the seventh inst. His
command appeared well on parade. He rides his htr"-*
beautifully, and presents a very soldierly bearing.

April nth. The 18th Pennsylvania was transferred to the
2d brigade, and the Ist Virginia, with which we were eo
often associated in 1862, waa trancferred to the 3d brigade.

April ISth. Our' brigade made a reconnoissance to Cat-
lett's fStation.

April 21tt. The regiment received the new and beautiful
flag, ordered for us by the city of New York, in November,
1862. For some rea»)n unknown to us, it has been long
delayed.

April 2Tth. Gen. Stahel, with the 2d and 3d brigades and
a ;;jrht battery of four guns, moved out about 6 A. M. on a
reconuoissance. As each regiment wended its way from its
camp to Fairfax Court House, the place of concentration,
presenting the appearance of a vast serpent, winding ita
folds through ita accustomed path among the hills, the
morning sunlight fell with magical effect upon the scene,
producing an impression which the beholder does not soon
forget. The force moved on to two piiles beyond Middle-
burg.

AprU 2Sth. The regiment being detaohed, moved out two
miles, sent patrols to Upperville, and rejoined the division,
with which we moved to Rectortown, Salem, White Plains,
and back to Middleburg. Thirty-five prisoners were
captured, mostly guerrillas of Mosby's gang.

April 29th. The division moved east of Aldie and

i*fefc«-i:W:i^Atf-s*i&c^s#ai#KkH5§

Fifth New York Cavalry.

len for picket,
for muster, under
signed to the com-
eventh inst. His
[e rides his h?r"'>
bearing.

i transferred to the
irhich we were so
to the 3d brigade,
moissance to Cat-
new and beautiful
ork, in November,
it has been long

ad 8d brigades and
nbout 6 A. M. on a
ed ite way from its
I of concentration,
rpent, winding its
ong the hills, the
3t upon the scene,
}lder does not soon
es beyond Middle-

led, moved out two
oined the division,
lem. White Plains,
e prisoners were

mg-

aat of Aldie and

bivouacked for a few hours. After dark we moved back to
our camps at Fairfax Court House, arriving after midnight.
The boys made the old hills ring with shouts of delight on
returning to their tented homes.

May Ut. Col. De Forest, with the 3d brigade, moved to
Bristoe Station. The command had two days' rations.

Mat/ 2d. The regiment was ordered to reconnoitre as far
as Rappahannock Station; and having accomplished ita
task, returned to Warrenton Junction.

Mai/ Sd. At an early hour the Ist Virginia cavalry,
while feeding and watering their horses, were surprised by
a force of Rebels, consisting of detachments of the Black
Horse Cavalry, Mosby's and other guerrilla forces, with
Mosby commanding in person. Our boys, being thus dis-
mounted, fled to a house near by, where they fought with
terrible earnestness, but to great disadvantage. All eflforts
of Mosby to make them surrender were in vain. Finding
that he could not intimidate them with bullets, he ordered
the torch to be applied, and the house was set on fire. At
this critical moment, the Fifth New York, which had bivou-
acked in a grove at a short distance from the scene of action,
with Maj. Hammond commanding in person, descended Jike
an avalanche upon the guerrillas. Mosby was heard to
exclaim, " My God ! it is the Fifth New York !" A hand
to hand encounter now took place, where Yankee sabres
were used with fearful effect, and soon the Rebels broke p j.
fled, entirely demoralized and panic-stricken. Gen. Str jcI,
in his dispatch to Gen. Heintzelman, says : " The Rebels, who
fled in the direction of Warrenton, were pursued by Maj.
Hammond, Fifth New York Cavalry, who has returned and
reports our charge at Warrenton Junction a» being so terrific

I J^SS^f- •- '•fe#.«».*iJ-i.U*s«5*r«

Historic Recoiids.

as to have thoroughly routed and scattered them in every
direction. I have sent in 23 prisoners of Mvisby's command,
all of whom are wounded — the greater part of them badly.
Dick Moran (a notorious bushwhacker) is among the number.
There are also three oflScers of Mosby'a. The loss of the
enemy was very heavy in killed besides many wounded, who
scattered and prevented capture. I have no hopes of the
recovery of Maj, Steele,' of the 1st Virginia. Our loss is
one killed and fourteen wounded."

Tenipleton, a Rebel spy, was killed. In the Richmond
Sentinel of May 16th, we find this interesting notice of the
fight : — " About the Ist of May, near Warrenton Junction,
Mosby, with his company, fell in with the First Virginia
regiment, so called, which haa been a long time looking for
him. A fight ensued, which resulted in the capture of the
whole regiment. As Mosby was making off with his prize,
however, the First Vermont^ and Fifth New York beset
him and recaptured the Virginia Yankees. Mosby's loss
was small, and he wanta to know whether the First Virginia
is looking fo. him again."

The following Complimentary Order was issued:

Head Qrs. Stahel's Cavalry Division, 'X

Department of Washington, V

Fairfax Court Uotue, May 6, 1863. J

Special Obdbbb No. 30.
When soldiers perform brave deeds a proper acknowledg-
ment of their services is justly their due. The commanding

> He was a noble officer and a splendid soldier. His wound
proved mortal. His funeral services were attended with military
honors, Sunday, May 31 gt,

' The First Veiinont was not engaged.

K-*x:-,-.>-£„v-^-.ii%-n-'i6Ti:'piiis>'''i^ifi^

Fifth New Yoek Cavalry.

red thorn in every
Mvwbj's command,
art of them badly,
mongthe number.
The I088 of the
any wounded, who
e no hopes of the
inia. Our loss is

In the Richmond
sting notice of the
arrenton Junction,
the First Virginia
ig time looking for
the capture of the
J off with his prize,
1 New York beset
ees. Mosby's loss
r the First Virginia

'as issued :

VAIBY Division, )
t of Washington, !■
M«, May 6, 1863. J

proper acknowledg-
The commanding

ioldier. His wound
;euded with military

general therefore desires to express his gratification at the
oonduot of the officers and men of Col. De Forest's oom-
maud, who were engaged in the fight at Warrenton Junction,
on Sunday, May 8d, 1863. By your promptness and
gallantry the gang of guerrillas who have so long infested
the vicinity, has been badly beaten and broken up. The
heavy loss of the enemy in killed, wounded and prisoners,
proves the determination of your resistance and the vigor of
your attack.

Deeds like this are worthy of emulation and give strength
and confidence to the command.

By command of

Maj. Gen. StaheIi.
Henry Baldwin, Jr., Major and A. A. O.

This order was followed by another of similar import by
Maj. Gen. Heintiolman, commanding the department.

May Sth. Gapt. Mo Masters, with six men, was attacked
and pursued by a squad df the Black Horse Cavalry, while
on his way from the picket lines to Fairfax Court House.
One of his men was captured, and another, Sergt. Mur-
phy, Company C, was drowned while endeavoring to ford
Bull Run.

May 11th. \ scouting party of the regiment went to
Eappahannock Station. They saw a few Rebels, but had no
encounter with them.

May 15th. The pickets were driven in by the enemy,
with some confusion. Bands of guerrillas like so many
ravenous beasts and birds of prey, hover around our lines,
attacking wherever an opportunity offers plunder.

May Ibth. We were ordered to Kettle Run, a little

^^g^^^i^i^e^te^;j2J8^^ '

Historic Records.

south of Bristoe Station, and wo camped along the rail
road.

May VJih. A scouting party, under Capt. Ilasbrouck,
wentto Brentsville, and toward Dumfries, and returned with-
out meeting any force of the enemy.

May 2bth. While the main portion of the regiment wqb
picketing along the rail road a sufficient number of men
remained in cump to care for it. To-day the camp vian
moved about a half mile north into a piece of woods, with »
clean, grassy field just in front.

Mat/ 30<A. Between seven and eight o'clock a. m. the
cavalry pickets and reserves were startled by artillery firing,
just below them on the rail road. A train laden with
rations and forage had passed on its way to the Rappahan-
nock, but a few moments before. It was soon ascertained
that the guerrillas had carefully unfastened one of the iron
rails, in the woods, and by means of a wire fastened to it,
and extended at some distance fiom the road, a man had
drawn the rail out of place just as the engine was approach-
ing it, and thus stopped the whole train. A mountain how-
itzer had been placed in position, which immediately
plunged a shell through the train. The infantry guard ou
board the train fled in confusion, leaving the whole ground
to the Rebels, who destroyed the train by fire. But the
cavalry had been aroused, and detachments of the First
Vermont and Fifth New York, each in separate routes,
commenced a vigorous pursuit of the enemy. Mosby, who
commanded in person, did not anticipate so sudden an attack
as was made. The detachment of the Fifth, after going
about two miles, came within range of the howitzer, which
sent a shill, that exploded in the midst of the solid column.

'Ah'

K>s&S**iSiw* -■ - =,i>4i&^B«*i^®««fefe««*»sfe'^^

upcd aloDg the rail

r Gapt. Ilasbrouck,
H, and returned with-

of the regiment was
iunt number of men
o-day the camp wan
ioce of woods, with a

ght o'clock A. M. the
ed by artillery firing,
A train laden with
fay to the Rappahan-

was soon ascertained
«ned one of the iron
L wire fastened to it,
the road, a man had
engine was approach-
n. A mountain how-

which immediately
he infantry guard ou
ng the whole ground
in by fire. But the
jhments of the First
I in separate routes,
enemy. Mosby, who
t« so sudden an attack
he Fifth, after going
f the howitzer, which
t of the solid column.

Fifth New York Cavalry.

6»

Fortunately no one was hurt, except that Lieut. Bouteile,
('umpany A, was suddenly dismounted by the killing of his
hurse. The nature of the ground was unfavorable for u
cavalry charge. The enemy, however, showed no disposi-
tion to fight but fled toward Warronton as rapidly as possible,
firing an occasional shot, but without inflicting injury.
Eagerly the boys spurred on their chargers, and were soou
joined by the Vermonters, who added fresh excitement to
the pursuit. The Rebels, finding themselves too closely
t'ullowed, and knowing that something desperate must bo
done, suddenly turning at the head of a narrow lane, brought
their artillery into position and commenced firing. " That
gun must bo silenced or captured," cried Lieut. Barker,
of Company H, "an J who will volunteer to charge it with
me?" About thirty brave men promptly responded, and
suiting the action to the words, " charge, boys !" he rushed
furiously forward at their head, but rell severely wounded
before a murderous discharge of grape and canister, which
killed three men and wounded several others. But before
the piece could be reloaded the surviving comrades were
crossing sabres with the gunners over the gun. The con-
flict was a fierce one, but of short duration; the boys in blue
retaking the twelve pound howitzer, which had been cap-
tured by the Rebels from the lamented Col. Baker at Ball's
Bluff. Among the enemy's wounded and captured was a
Capt. Haskins, formerly in high rank in the British army,
who had run the blockade and espoused the Rebel cause,
lie received his death wound as follows : Having wounded
Geo. H. Jenkins, private of Company F, he loughly cried
out, " Surrender, you damned Yankee." " I will see you
damned first," was Jenkins' characteristic reply, at the

ill

^■8isS*fe?*-.'> rS'*<fi.S» * - ■' '"

iLJili*^

/:'i^^^i^MMMiiMM^X^f^i:m^i&.. ii^ "

lIisTORio Records.

ume time lodging a piiitol ball in the captain'n neck. The
Uebols were completely routed, and pursued as far us the
jaded condition of our horHes would permit. In the corre-
spondence of Mr. George H. Hart, we find the followini;
quotable sentence : " The troops fought gallantly, and the
Fifth New York ably suHtained its claim to the title of the
Fighting Fif^h; nor were the First Vermonters behind-
hand."

This engagement has been known as the battle of Green-
wich, from a little village near by, bearing that name.

Jwic lOth. Adjutant Gail, with a small party, encoun-
tered a squad of Mosby's men at Middleburg and captured
Lieut. Turner in command.

June lith. Tho regiment returned to camp at Fairfax
Court House, from Kettle Run, and awaited further orders.

>8.

captain'd neok. The
pursued aa far as the
irmit. In the corre-
we find the foUowini;
ht gallantly, and the
Im to the title of the
Vermontera behinJ-

8 the battle of Green-
ring that name,
small party, encoun-
dloburg and captured

d to camp at Fairfax
raited further orders.

CHAPTER V.

Oen Lee Inrsdes Maryland and PennBylvania—Breaking Camp
«t Fairfax Court House.- Fidelity of the Home.- March OTer
Hull Ran Battle Field.— Reorganiiation of the Caynlry Corps —
Kilpntriok in Command of the Third Diyision.- Cavalry Battle
of llnnover, Pennsylvania.- Battle of Gettysburg, Ihird Day.-
Aiiack on Rebel Train in Monterey Pass.- Battle of Hagers-
,„„„_ Battle of Boonsboro'.- Attack ou Rear Guard of Rebel
Army at Falling Waters.— The Invaders Expelled from Free
Soil. June nth to July Uth, ISeS.

The disastrous battle of Chancellorsville bad been fought
and Gen. Lee resolved upon a grand invasion of the north-
em states. His intention was fairly understood in the
early days of June. It now became necesnary to concentrate
w> large a force as possible to meet and drive back the invad-
ers. Consequently General Stahel's cavalry division was
detached from the defenses of Washington, to be incorpo-
rated into the great Army of the Potomac.

June mh. Orders for breaking up camp were received
and the work immediately commenced. Surplus baggage,
which always accumulates during winter quarters, was put
into parcels and sent to our northern homes, by express, or
boxed up to be sent to Alexandria for storage, under the
charge of the quartermaster of that post. This done, our
t«nts°were soon struck and sent to the rearwith the baggage,
and we were left to bivouac as best we could, until the

Pi! 4

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Historic Records.

•H.t

I? li

orders to march should he received. To the young soldier
this was a new era in military li*";. Wa tec* now is bounded
only by the far off horizon, and covered by the canopy of
heaven. Rolled up in his woolen blanket or rubier poncho,
having sought the shelter of a leafy tr^e (if such a desirab'o
spot was accessible), he lies down with a stone, or, perhaps,
his saddle for a pillow, while his faithful horse stands as a
watchful guardian by his side. It is often the case, that a
cavalryman htfsuothing to hitch his ho^se to but his own hand,
and though the animal will walk all around him, eating tLo
grass U8 far as he can reach, yet it is worthy of note, that an
inftance can scarcely be found where the horse has been
known tj step upon his master,

Jinie 21st. The regiment moved with the division abont
noon on the Little Kiver turnpike. Passed through Cen-
treville, and over the Bull Run battle field, the aceldama
of America. Evidences of the terrible conflict of the past
are still visible on every hand. Unexploded shells and
pieces, solid shot, broken muskets, and remains of gun-
carriages, graves, and bones of unburied heroes, tell their
sad stories as we pass. A skull is kicked along by the
horses as they move over the muddy way I No one seems to
care much about it, for worse sights have so often been
seen before.

After passing through Gainesville, wo bivouacked near"
Buckland Mills.

June 22d. The line of march was resumed with the
early simlight, passing through New Baltimore, and arriv-
ing at the beautiful village of Warrcnton about noon. No
force of the enemy was here encountered, as had been
expected. Small scouting parties were sent out in various

j-jjt^-S*"'

BS.

To the young soldier
!3 ttic* now is bounded
3red by the canopy of
iket or rubier poncho,
•« (if such & desirable
li a stone, or, perhaps,
hful horse stands as a
1 often the case, that a
se to but his own hand,
round him, eating the
rorthy of note, that an
re the horse has been

ith the division abont
Passed through Ceo-
;tlp field, the aceldama
blc conflict of the past
Fnexploded shells and
and remains of gun-
iried heroes, tell their
) kicked along by the
my ! No one seems to
have so often been

, we bivouacked near"

ras resumed with the
Baltimore, and arriv-
iton about noon. No
intered, as had been
ere sent out in various

Fifth New York Cavalry,

directions, arJ the division bivouacked for the afternoon and
night in the fields adjacent to tlie town.

June 2M. Journeyed back to Ifairfax Court House after
making quit« a halt at Gainesville to issue rations, and rest
our animals. It was after midnight when we arrived.

June 24th. Division moved about 3 p. M. toward Lces-
burg, stopping for the night about one mile beyond Draines-
ville.

June 25th. The march was resumed at an early hour.
A little beyond Broad Run the column turned to the right,
striking the Potomac a little below Edward's Ferry, where
we forded. On reaching the Maryland shore, the 3d brig-
ade with a section of the 9th Michigan battery and one
brigade of infantry, was stnt to Poolsville, and thence by
MoDocacy Ford to Licksville, where we bivouacked.

June 2Gth. This force moved on to Adamstown, Jefferson,
Birkinsville, through Cramj^/con's Gap, where the infantry
and artillery remained, though the cavalry ipoved on near
Rhorersville, where we spent the night.

June 27th. The brigade moved at 4 P. M. to Birkinsville,
Middletown, Frederick City, and three miles and a half
north on the Emmettaburgh road, where we bivouacked
with the remainder of the division, at daybreak.

June 2Sth. Gen. Pleasanton reviewed the division, and
reorganized the entire force. We are now the Third
Division of the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, with
il>e gallant Kilpatrick in command. The first brigade
consists of the Ist Vermont, Ist Virginia, 18th Pennsylva-
nia and 5th New York, Brig. Gen. Farnsworth command-
ing. Brig. Gen. Custer commands the 2d brigade, com-
posed of Michigan regimenta.
6

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HisTOKic Records.

.''IF' \

Gen. Buford commands the first division and Gei,. Gregg
the second division; the whole force forming the most
eflBcient cavalry corps ever organized on this continent.
To-day Gen. Meade superseded Gen. Hooker in the com-
mand of the Army of the Potomac.

June 29th. At 10 A. M., with its new commander, the
division moved to Pennsylvania, passing through Walkers-
vi'.le, Woodsboro', Ladiesville, Mechanicsville, Taneytown,
and finally Littlestown, Pa., where we were received with
the greatest demonstrations of joy by the people. A large
group of children, on the balcony of a hotel, waving hand-
kerchiefs and flags, greeted us with patriotic songs, while
the men made the welkin ring with their cheers. How
different was such reception from that we had been accus-
tomed to have given us by the inhabitants of Virginia,
villages !

June 30th. The column moved early to Hanover, whore
wo were again enthusiastically received by the citizeni^, wiio
furnished refreshments liberally to the troopers, as each regi-
ment entered and passed through the town. This enjoyable
state of things continued until about 10 o'clock ; and while
the Fifth was receiving the attentions of the people, the
sudden report of a cannon was heard from one of the neigh-
boring hills. At first this was taken as a friendly salute
for our troops, but the deception was soon removed by a.
fierce charge of Rebel cavalry under immodiate command of
Gen. Stuart, upon the unsuspecting coiui m in the street,
sending terror to the people, especially to the dies and chil-
dren, who were paying their compliments to thir defenders.
With his accustomed coolness and bravery, Ma, Hammond,
in command of the regiment, quickly withdrew from the

h.;S«.*te5& - ~"v<-»4 ,tT. '&'*•* '.»', *--*-.'!,<.,■! l''

ision and Gei,. Gregg
forming the most
on this continent.

Hooker in the corn-
new commander, the
ng through Walkers-
aicsville, Taneytown,
3 were received with
the people. A large
I hotel, waving hand-
patriotic songs, while
i their cheers. How
t we had been accug.
ibitants of Virginia .

y to Hanover, where
1 by the citizeniS, who
troopers, as each ragi-
own. This enjoyable
10 o'clock ; and while
as of the people, the
rom one of the neigh-
1 as a friendly salute
5 soon removed by a
mediate command of
coiui 1 in the street,
to the jies and chil-
ita toth. ir defenders,
ery, Maj Hammond,
withdrew from the

Fifth New York Cavalrt.

street to the open field near the rail road depot, ordered the
boj8 into line and led the charge upon the Pebels, who
then possessed the town. The charging columns met on
Frederick street, where a hand to hand conflict ensued.
For a few momenta the enemy made heroic resistance, but
linally bro'-.e and fled, closely pursued by our men. They
rallied again and again but were met with irresistible onaetn,
which finally compelled them to retire behind the hills
under cover of their guns. .

In less than fifteen minutes from the time the Rebels
charged the town, they were all driven from it, and were
skulking in the wheat fields and among the hills of the
viciDtty. The dead and wounded of both parties, with many
horses, lay scattered here and there along the streets, so
covered with blood and dust as to render identification in
many cases very difficult. Meanwhile, Gen. Kilpatrick,
who was several miles beyond the town, at the head of the
column, when the attack was made, arrived upon the field,
and took personal charge of the movements. These were
ordered with consummate skill, and executed with prompt-
iiessand success. His artillery, well posted on the hills facing
the Rebels, and well supported, soon silenced the guns of
the enemy, and compelled him to retire in the direction of
Lee's main army. He left not less than 25 dead in the
strsets and fields, and his wounded by far exceeded this
number. We captured 75 prisoners, including Lt. Col.
Payne, who commanded a brigade, and one stand of colors,
the flag of the 13th Virginia cavalry. This was the trophy
of Sergt. Burke, Company A. Our entire loss was nine
liillod, thirty-one wounded and a few prisoners. Among
the killed was Adjutant Gall, who fell while gallantly

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Historic Records.

charging the enemy in the street. The fatal ball entered
his left eye, and passed through his head, killing him in-
stantly.

The citizens of Hanover, who so nobly cared for our wound-
ed in the hospitals during and after the battle, and assisted
us in burying tlie dead, will long remember that terrible
last day of June.

The brave boys, who had so valiantly defeated the enemy,
though taken by surprise, built their bivouac fires and spent
the night on the field of their recent victory.

Julj^ Irt. At 11 A. M. the Ist brigade moved to Abbotts-
town, to Berlin, and pursued Rebel cavalry from this place
to Rosetown, capturing several prisoners, and returned to
Berlin at midnight and bivouacked.

July 2d. The division moved to within two miles of
Gettysburg, thence to New Oxford and Hunterstown, where
we fought till dark. This was the extreme right wing of
our army, while engaged in that great conflict, which decid-
ed the fate of the Rebellion and saved the Republic from
ruin.

July Sd. During last night we moved from the right to
the left flank of our army, about 2§ miles from Gettysburg,
near Little Round Top. The remaining portion of the
sjavalry corps was left to attend to Stuart and his troopers,
who still threatened our right. Kilpatrick's work waa with
infantry. His division, however, was reenforced by Gen.
Merritt's regular brigade of the first division. About 10 A.
M. Kilpatrick sent out his skirmishers upon the Rebel right
flank and rear. The design was to create a panic, if possi-
ble, and force the enemy back upon his trains. About 3
p. M., during the most terrific cannonade ever known upon

Ur^-^'-'^

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!;A*'-.'dft«J''*'"'-u'

Fifth New York Cavalry.

fatal ball entered
;ad, killing him in-

ared for our wound-
battle, and assisted
imber that toirible

lefeatcd the enemy,

ouao fires and spent

itory.

moved to Abbotts-

ilry from this place

irs, and returned to

yithin two miles of
lunterstown, where
reme right wing of
inflict, which decid-
the Republic from

d from the right to
38 from Gettysburg,
ng portion of the
xt and his troopers,
ick's work was with
reenforced by Gen.
ision. About 10 A.
pon the Rebel right
te a panic, if possi-
18 trains. About 3
ie ever known upon

this continent, a large force of Rebel infantry was seen
advancing, with the evident intention of sweeping away the
cavalry, and of then turning our position on Little Round
Top, occupied by our artillery with infantry support. To
defeat this design of the Rebel chief, became Kilpatrick's all
animating theme. Quickly making the best possible disposi-
tioD of his command, he ordered Gon. Famsworth to charge
these serried ranks, which must be broken. Placing the Fifth
New York in support of Elder's Battery, which was exposed
to a very hot fire, and ordering the First Vermont, First
Virginia and Eighteenth Pennsylvania, into line of battle,
he led them gallantly on to the unequal contest.

Though this charge was not entirely a success, its well
directed blow prevented the flank movement, which prison-
ers asserted, was the intention of their leader, and thus the
cavalry added another dearly earned laurel to its chaplet of
houoT, dearli/ eanicrf because many of her bravest champions
fell upon that bloody field. Gen. Kilpatrick, in his official
report of this sanguniary conflict, says: "In this charge
fell the brave Farnsworth. Short and brilliant was his
career. On the 29th of June a general, on the 1st of July
he baptized his star in blood, and on the 3d, for the honor
of bis young brigade and the glory of hia corps, he yielded
up his noble life."

During this charge a shell passed through the body of
Daniel Huriey, Company C, killed a horse, and afterward
exploded, wounding John Buckley of the same company,
and several others. Elder's battery was handled with \m
usual skill, and with wonderful effect, silencing two or three
times a Rebel battery that coiihl not hn »een, a thing but
very seldom accomplished.

:AS?ii"*S***''-

'''NlB|NlS^fe*^4**»J&SBi46*«'«'f**^^

ill

HiBTOiuc Kecokds.

Before the sun went down on that day of carnage, it was
evident that the Uniou arms had been victorious, after three
days' almost inceavmt fighting, and our tired and nearly
worn-out boys that uight rested quietly, upon the fields so 'I

dearly won.

July 4th. Having gathered his troopers together, Kilpat-
rick addressed them a few words of cheer, assuring them
that their noble deeds would not be passed by unrequited,
and that he tru8t«d their future conduct would be but a
copy of the past. Havi»>g received orders to intercept the
Rebel trains, which were known to be on the retreat south-
ward, the whole division was moved to Emmettsburgh, to
Monterey Springs and to the summit of the South Moun-
tains, where the train was encountered, passing through the
gaps. The night was pitchy dark, and the rain fell fast,
before the train guards were met. For some time they
kept up a desultory fire upon us, but finally yielding to
our superior skill and determination, a train of 200 wagons,
mostly loaded with plunder from the stores and granaries
of Pennsylvania, fell into our hands, and about 1,600
prisoners, among whom were several wounded. Most of
the wagons were destroyed.

July bth. Moved to Smithburg about 8 A. M., and sent
the prisoners to Boonsboro'. About sundown we shelled the
forces of Gen. Stuart approaching us from the mountain
passes. This done, we marched to Cavetown, and thence to
Boonsboro', where we bivouacked and rested.

July Qth. Moved to Hagerstown and held the place in
advance of Gen. Stuart. His approach was met with deter-
mined resistance, and a heavy battle was the result. Had
not Gen. Ewell's corps come down upon us we could hove

':*.« V'< i^^^'rf.' a**5S-'JiWift'^iJU,«ii«5.<* <•«''»■ i ■*^»«* '^

'tr^s

IDS.

day of carnage, it vag
I victorious, after three
car tired and nearly
otlyupon the fields bu 'I

opers together, Kilpat-
' cheer, assuring theu
passed by unrequited,
induct would be but a
orders to intercept the
be on the retreat south-
I to Emmettsburgh, to
t of the South Moun-
3d, passing through the
, and the rain fell fast,
For some time the;
but finally yielding to
, a train of 200 wagons,
,h6 stores and granaries
inds, and about 1,500
ral wounded. Most of

about 8 A.. M., aad sent
sundown we shelled the
us from the mountain
IJavetown, and thence to
ad rested.

t and held the place in
lach was met with deter-
le was the result. Had
upon us we could have

Fifth New York Cavalry.

managed the cavalry alone, though they were compelled to
fight desperately , as this was their only way of retreat. C!flarge8
and counter-charges were frequent during the day. One
reporter says, " Elder gave them grape and canister, and
the Fifth New York sabres, while the First Vermont used
their carbines."

In one of these charges, made in the face of a very
superior force, Capt. Penfield, at the head of his company
(H), had his horse shot down under him, and, while strug-
gling to extricate himself from the animal, was struck a
fearful blow of a sabre on the head, which came near
pro.ing fatal. Thus wounded, with the blood running down
upon his long beard and clothes, he was made a prisoner.
It was here the gallant Captain Dahlgren lost his leg
while leading a charge.

Before the heavy infantry force which was now attacking
us, we retreated to Williamsport, fighting all the way.
From Williamsport, having joined Gen. Buford, we fell
back to Timball's Cross Roads.

July 7th. The division moved to Boonsboro' and bivou-
acked.

July Sth. The Rebel cavalry under Gen, Stuart, supported
by Hood's infantry, attacked our pickets along the Antietam
Creek, and drove them in with some confusion.

About noon a furious battle was raging near Boonsboro'.
Buford and Kilpatrick united their respective divisions in
the work of repelling this attack. Over the broad plains,
it was a splendid sight to witness the manceuvrings of
these cavalry chiefs. The struggle was desperate — Stuart
fighting for the safety of t) .e Rebel army, and our boys for
the South Mountain pass. About sundown, after a brief con-

11. 5

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Historic Kecords.

Bultation between Bulbrd and Kilpatrick, their bugles were
ringing with the order for a concentrated and united charjre;
and with a wild shout those invincible squadrons fell upon
the enemy, driving his broken lines from the field, which
he left strewn with his dead and dying. With the laurels
of another glorious victory, our boys returned to their
bivouac, and sought the repose they had so well earned.

After the battle Col. De Forest assumed command of
the brigade, having been ill several days.

Julii 10<A. The regiment moved to Jonathan Doub's
house and bivouacked.

July Wth. Wo moved out two miles, drove in the enemy's
pickets, and returned to our bivouac.

July \2th. Gen. Kilpatrick moved his division to Hagers-
town, and, after a skirmish with the enemy, occupied the

place.

July Wth. At 4 A. M. the division moved in pursuit of
the retreating Rebel army, which, it was ascertained, was
crossing the Potomac as rapidly as possible. The third
division swept away what vestiges of it remained at Wil-
liamsport, and, following it down the river, struck the rear
guard, under Gen. Pettigrew, at Falling Waters. The
battle was short, but disastrous to the Rebels. Many a
poor fellow never gained the long looked-for Virginia shore. ^
One brigade of infantry, two battle flags, and two pieces of
artillery fell into our hands. Gen. Pettigrew waa mortally
wounded. In the charge made upon the Rebel earthworks,
constructed to protect this important crossing, the 6th
Michigan cavalry. Major Weber commanding, covered
itself with immortal honor. By the boldness of their
charge, and by the destructive fire of Pennington's battery,

%^m&&&

FiFTU Nkw Youk Cavaluy.

k, their bugles were
i and united charjre;
squadrons fell upon
•om the tiold, which
r. With the luureU
] returned to their
d 80 well earned,
iisumcd command of

to Jonathan Doub's

drove in the enemy's

is division to Hagera-
enemy, occupied the

these remains of the once boastful invading army, were
uiade to feel tbat they could fight us at much better advan-
tage upon their own soil than upon ours.

As the last foot of the invaders disappeared on the
southern shore of the Potomac, our boys built their bivouac
fires and rested themselves and their weary animals near the
suene of their victorj

moved in pursuit of
was ascertained, was
possible. The third
F it remained at Wil-
river, struck, the rear
illing Waters. The
the Rebels. Many a
ed-for Virginia shore,
igs, and two pieces of
Bttigrew waa mortally
the Rebel earthworks,
at crossing, the 6th
commanding, covered
10 boldness of their
Pennington's battery,

\\K

i — .

':M^^^^^^M!it

CHAPTER VI.

Lee's InTMion, • groat Failure.— He is not Pursued very Vigor,
ously.— Ueasons Why.— We Recioss the Potomac— The Gun-
Boat Expedition.— Battle of Culpepper Court House.— Lee
flanlis Meade.— We Retreat from the Robertson and Rapidan
Rivers.— Kilpalrick Surrrounded at Brandy Hiation.— His
Brilliant Charge.— Battle of Buokland Mills.— The Armies
Swing like Pendulums.— Skirmish at Steyensburg.- Several
Days' Fighting at Raccoon Ford.— Change is the Soldier's Life.—
Excitement about Re^nlisting as Veteran Volunteers. —Build-
ing Winter Quarters Julif 15th to December 81«t, 1863.

The enemy waa uow fairly expelled from the free states

which he had insolently entered a few days before. His

losses had been immense in men and material of war. lie

had failed in all the important minutiae of his plan. Instead

of weakening the Union cause as he fondly hoped by the

pomp and promise of his entry into Maryland, he hud

increased our numbers and strengthened our hands in the

good work. He was now returning to hit own place, with a

demoralized and beaten army, whose ranks had been thinned

by det-i rtions and by unprecedented casualties in battle. He

had barely escaped annihilation. To pursue him as closely

as possible, harrass his rear and do him all further damage

in our power; was the course adopii;d by the commanding

general ; the main body of the Rebel army escaping as

best it could through the valley towards Staunton and

•j^i'

i- trJHj£!4»Ai^>Mf«^iiA^s^'i^^'*^

Fifth New York Cavalry.

Pursued very Vigor.

'otomao The Qun-

('ourt (louse. — Lee
ertson and Rapidan
andy Hiation. — His
Mills.— The Armies
evensburg'. — Several
sthe Soldier's Life. —
Volunteers. — Build-
6«r81*r, 1863.

prom the free states
r days before. His
tterial of war. lie
r his plan. Instead
)ndly hoped by the
Maryland, he had
i our hands in the
i own place, with a
ks had been thinned
ilties in battle. He
irsue him as closely

all further damage
f the commanding

army escaping aa
irds Staunton and

fiordonsville, their cavalry meanwhile taking possession of
the gups in the Blue Kidgu to prevent flunk ujovonicnts.
Our pursuit was not as vigorous as it would seem it might
have been. But it must bo rumembcrod that our infantry
had made many foro'il marches, describing in its route a
line resembling the circumference of a circle, while that of
the llebel army was like the diameter. Our cavalry had
not only defeated the Rebel cavalry in many battles and
xkirraishes, but it had met the solid columns of their infantry
also, as at Gettysburg. Con80(|uently our movements were
nut as rapid as they might otherwise have been, owing to
the fatigue of our men.

Juli/ I5th. The division moved up the river to Williams-
port, swung around to Tlagerstown, and bivouacked for the
night at Boonsboro'; men and horses oame to their rest with
a wonderful relish.

Juljjf IGth. "Boots .iiid saddles" at an early hour, and
the whole division wn soon in the saddle, where we might
be said to live, move, and have our being, and we were cgain
on the march. We revisited Rhorersville, recrossed Cramp-
tun's (iap, and bivouacked near the Potomac at Berlin.
Before night the first brigade moved to Harper's Ferry and
bivouacked in the yard of the ruined arsenal.

Juli/ nth. This morning we crossed the Shenandoah on
the new wire bridge, passed around the foot of Loudon
Heights, and followed the Potomac to opposite Berlin,
where we were joined by the second brigade, which crossed
on pontoons. The division then moved to Lovettsville,
Wheatland, Purcelville, Va., and halted for the night.

July I9th. The division moved to the following places : —

irn^

*■'■-..,

■■■0M-'

tvi>ki.fft»:i w;*;-

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Historic Records.

SniokersTille, Bloomfield »nd Upporville, where we itopped
and rested.

July 2fdth. The 5th and 6th Michigan, with the 6th Now
York, under Col. Town, of the Ist Michigan, marched to
Aflhby'B Gap, expelled therefrom a force of the enemy,
after a brief akirniiRh, and occupied the Uap. The Fifth
New York returned to Upperrille. From this time until
September, the headquarters of the third division were
near Warrenton, while picketing was performed by the
regiments in rotation, along the line of the Rappahannock,
opposed to Stuart's cavalry, whose headquarters were at
Culpepper.

September 4<A. To break the monotony of picketing, and
to subserve the cause, a most novel scheme was now under-
taken, known as Kilpatrick's Gun-boat Expedition. The
object was to destroy a part of the Kebel navy (?) anchored
in the Rappahannock, near Port Conway, opposite Port
Royal. This peculiar warfare, which required dath and
boldness, was waged by the troopers with complete succeKs,
and they returned to their old bivouac fires, to enliven tho
weary hours with stories of the long march down tho river,
and their successful attack upon the gun-boats of the enemy.

September \ith. A grand advance of the Union army
had been ordered by its chief, ia which the cavalry was to
take a prominent part. Accordingly, at an early hour,^
Gen. Pleasanton moved bis corps, crossing the Rappahan-
nock with Gregg's division at Sulphur Springs, Buford's at
Rappahannock Bridge and Kilpatrick's at Kelly's Ford.
The enemy's pickets were easily driven before this mighty
iiost, and dispositions were made to attack Stuart at Culpep-
per, a naturally strong and fortified position. Pleasanton.

le, where wo stopped

n, with thfl 6th Now
iohigan, marohed to
force of the enemy,
the Gap. The Fifth
ETrom this time until
third division were
M performed by the
f the Rappahannook,
leadquarters were at

jny of picketing, and
heme waa now under-
lat Expedition. The
bel navy (?) anchored
lonway, opposite Port
h required dash and
rith complete Huccesa,
J tires, to enliven the
narch down the river,
in-boats of the enemy.
i of the Union army
oh the cavalry was to
y, at an early hour,,
rossing the Rappahan-
r Springs, Buford's at
ick's at Kelly's Ford,
iren before this mighty
tack Stuart at Culpep-
position. Pleasanton.

WmtM

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isMmjmmiimmmmmimsiammm^mmmismm\

Fifth 'New Yoek Cavalry. 7T

with the first and second divisiojiB, moved directly on
the anemy from Brandy Station, where they had ooBoeu-
trated. Over the plaina they moved on, sweeping eveiy-
fhing before them, unti! within a inile of the town, where
diey were checked by the stubborn and determined reaiist-
ance of the Rebels. Not long had this equal contest eon
tiiiued, when Kilpatrick's artillery wan heard thundering in
the enemy's right flank and rear, on the roud from Stevens-
burg, whither he had led his swift BC|iiflidron3. Under thta
well directed fire the enemy fell back into the town; and,
before ba had time to reform liis broken line, and in spit«
of a heavy fire fromi bia artillery, the Fifth New York and
First Vermont, with detachmeata fVom other i-egimeats,,
('(larged into the streets of the town, capturing three
Blakely giio-?, and thiowing the boafjt of the chivalry into a
perfec'c rout. They hastily rotreat-esd in the direction of
Pony Mountain and Rapidan Bridge, whither they were
pursued olosely by our viotorioun boys. Several prisoners
fell into our hands. The way having thus been prepared,
the Army of the Potomac advanoed norosa the Rappahan-
nock, Gen. Mfade making his headr^uarters at Culpepper.

September lAih. The cavalry advanced and took posses-
sion of the fovih. along the Rapidim and the Robertwa
rivers. This wa« not done wilhout opposition, the enemy
defending these iinportfinfc crossings with vigor md perti-
nacity. The regiment oncountei'ed a tremendoua shellirg
at SomerviUe Ford, on the Robertson,

September S2d. While on a leoounoiiiBance in Madison
County, the •r(jgiment had quite a skirmish at Brookin's
Fo-rd, on the Eapida/n.

Septenhher 2lHh. A detachment of the regiment, Captain

.^■■■^ i

BiHii

mmmm

Historic Rkcords.

Farley commanding, while on a scout, encountered a cou-
sidorable force of the enemy at Hazel River Brid';,-3, and a
sharp skirmish ensued.

October 8ch. The regiment reconnoitred along the Rob-
crtaon river, and met the enemy at Ceighrsville, where a
short light followed, resulting in the retreat of the enemy
across the river.

While we were thus picketing and scouting along these
streams, living sumptuously on a country that had not yet been
impoverished by the march of armies, Geu. Lee, whose army
lay mostly south of the Rapidan, crossed the river, moveJ
to Mudisou Court House, and by a rapid flank movement on
our right, compelled us to beat a hasty retreat, which was con-
tinued until Gen. Meade's main army occupied the heights
of Centreville.

October lOth In the early morninpr a heavy force of the
enemy came down upon the regiment, picketing along the
Robertson river, at Russell's Ford. The flank movement of
the enemy was discovered and quick work was required.
Swift messengers from officers in high command brought
orders to retire with promptness, but in good order, if possi-
ble. Our men, in many instances, were compelled to leave
their palatable breakfasts of roast lamb, sweet potatoes, fine
wheat bread, milk and honey, &c., with which the country
abounded, and to attend to the stern and always unpleasant
duties of a retreat, with the enemy pressing heavily apon
us. A sharp skirmish had taken place at the ford, which
wa« continued at intervals on our march to James City,
where a battle raged with fury and slaughter. Though
engaged for many hours during the day the casualties of the
regiment were not very great.

""S'WJWJLag — '

■---'**^?_

Fifth New York Cavalry.

ntered a cou-
Brid-i^-i, aud a

long the Rob-
ille, where a
of the enemy

g along these
.d notyet been
I, whose army
river, moveJ
movement on
'hich was con-
i the heights

r force of the
ing along the
movement of
was required,
land brought
rder, if possi-
elled to leave
potatoes, fiue
the country
vs unpleasant
heavily upon
i ford, which
James City,
ter. Though
ualties of the

October 11th. Skirmishing was continued to-day at almost
every step of our march. On the Sperryville pike to Cul-
pepper, the enemy pressed us closely. From this point the
cavalry corps separated, Gregg with his division, falling
back by way of Sulphur Springs, Buford by Stevensburg,
leaving Kilpatrick on the main thoroughfare along the rail
road by Brandy Station. Scarcely had Kilpatrick moved
out of Culpepper, when Hampton's division of cavalry made
a furious attack on his rear guard with the hope of breaking
through upon the main column and scattering it, or of
retarding its progresa, so that a flanking column might fall
upon him ere he could reach the safe shore of the Rappa-
hannock. Gallantly repelling every attack the command
moved on, without expending much of its time or material,
nutil opposite the residence of the Hon. John Minor Botts,
wben a few regiments, including the Fifth New York, sud-
denly wheeled about, and facing the pursuing foe, charged
iiim with pistol and sabre, thus checfcin</ bis advancing lines.
On arriving at Brandy Station Kilpatricl. found his com-
m?.ad to be in a most critical situation.

Already Gen. Fitzhugh Leu's division of cavalry held the
only road upon which it was possible for Kilpatrick to
advance. Stuart, with a portion of Lee's and Hampton's forces,
threatened his left flank, assisted by artillery well posted on
tl^e hills. Behind him were Hampton's Legions. Buford,
having fallen back more rapidly than Kilpatrick, had before
passed on toward the Rappahannock, leaving hie right flank
perfectly exposed, where sharpshooters were already making
themselves a source of great annoyance from the woods.

This was a situation to try the stoutest hearts. Nothing
daunted by this formidable disposition of an onemy very

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llisToiuc Kkcokds.

Buperior in numbers, Kilpatrick showed himself worthy to
command the bravo men who composed his division. Fttrm-
ing his force in three lines of battle, assigning the right to
(ieii. Davies, the left to Gen. Custer, and placing himself
in the centre, he advanced with terrible determination totbe
contest. Having approached to within a few hundred yards
of the enemy's lines, his band was ordered to strike up
Yankee Doodle, to whose inspiring notes was added the
blast of scores of bugles, ringing forth the charge. Fired
with a sort of frenzy, and bearing aloft their colors, this
band of heroic troopers shook the air with their battle cry,
while their drawn and firmV grasped sabres flashed in the
light of the declining sun. Gen. Custer, pulling oflf his cap,
gave it to his orderly, and thus led on the charge, while his
yellow locks floated on the breeze. Ambulances, forges and
cannon, with pack trains, non-combatants and others, all
joined to swell the on-flowing tide, before which the Rebel
lines broke in wild alarm. Kilpatrick thus escaped serious
injury, defeated his pursuers, and presented to the beholders
one of the grandest sights ever witnessed in the Nevf
World.

His divi jion soon after joined that of Buford, and together
they engaged the enemy in a series of brilliant charges, which
materially checked his advance. At night they recrossed
the Rappahannock in safety.

The cavalry continued its retreat, covering the rear of
the infantry, to the old field of Bull Run, where it was
expeci/id a third battle would be fought. One night, while
the regiment lay bivouacked near Bristoe Station, a caisson
was accidently set on fire, causing a rapid explosion of the
ammunition it contained. The consequence was a wide-

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iiself worthy to
ivision. Form-
n? the right to
placing himself
ruiuation tothe
hundred yards
i to strike up
vaa added the
iharge. Fired
jir colors, this
leir battle cry,
flashed in the
ing off his cap,
irge, while his
ices, forges and
ind others, all
lich the Rebel
iscaped serious
the beholders
ia the Ne>f

1, and together
barges, which
hey recrossed

ig the rear of
where it was
3 night, while
bion, a caisson
plosion of the
was a wide-

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Fifth New York Cavalry.

Hpreiid alarm, which brought every cavalryman to his horse,

reuily to meet the foe, who was supposed to have made a

powerful attack.

October With. The regiment was sent to test the Rebel

pickets at Groveton, with whom we had a slight skirmish.
Octoher 17 th. The work of yesterday was repeated.
October ISth. A third time the regiment skirmished

with the pickets at Groveton and advanced to Gainesville.
October 19th. The Rebel army having spent its time

in tearing up and destroying the rail road, refusing to

uttttck, Gen. Meade ordered a general advance. Kilpat-
rick marched through Groveton and Gainesville, meeting
the enemy in overwhelming force at Buokland Mills. Had
it not been for great skill and daring his entire command
would have been annihilated. As it was, he narrowly
escaped, saving all his guns, but leaving some of his men
in the enemy's bands.

Before our advancing army, Gen. Lee gradually retreated,
receiving a terrible shock at Rappahannock Station, which
sent the remains of his army across the Rappahannock.
It is quite singular to remark how these great armies have
been swinging like huge pendulums during the present
season. In June they swung from the Rappahannock, Va.,
to the Susquehanna, Penn.; then back to the Rapidan;
afterward almost to the Potomac, then back to the Rapidan
a^ain. It is encouraging to notice that the swing of the
Rebel army toward the north, shortens at every move,
giving indications of its waning power.

In the early part of November our army laid its pontoons
across the Rappahannock, and advanced upon the enemy,
drlvin" him from the line he had selected for his winter

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Historic Records.

quarters. Many of their huts, already completed, fell into
our hands.

November 9th. The regiment had a spirited skiriuish
with the enemy, in driving him from Steveiisburg.

From a correspondent of a New York daily, we quote tho
following description of this affair. " I must be allowed to
mention, that Kilpatrick's division, or rather Davies' brig-
ado of that division, was engaged in quite a brisk encounter
with Hampton's division of Rebel cavalry, on Sunday the
8th inst., in tho vicinity of Stevensburg. I allude to it
here, because, as yet, it has scarcely been noticed at all in
any papers that I am aware of, although it was one of the
most spirited and handsomely managed affairs that has
occurred during the late movements. There was no very
severe fighting, it is true, but the ease with which the
enemy was driven from his position, and the short duration
of the fight, were mainly attributable to the adroitness used
in the disposition of our forces, and the intense eagerness
and animation with which our men went up to th6 attack.
A battery of the enemy which occupied a commanding
position at Stevensburg, right in the line of our advance,
was started off at a double quick, almost without firing a
dhot, by sending a regiment round to the right, which came
in upon it from an unexpected quarter, and threw the gun-
ners into instant alarm for the safety of their guns; and
■when they had taken up a new position and were busily
shelling our troops coming upjn front. Major Hammond,
commanding the regiment just mentioned, with about
twenty of his men, again compelled them to decamp by
coming up under cover and unseen to within easy carbine
range of them, and thus picking off the artillerists."

« mm ' ,

'-*^«^«i'SSWSiBp-VJ

Fifth New York Cavalut.

ett'd. ffill into

ted Bkinuish
lurg.

we quote tho
be allowed to
Diivifs' brig-
isk eiioounter
a Sunday the
allude to it
iced at all in
as one of the
irs that has
was no very

[h which the
lort duration
roitness used
ise eagerness
to th^ attack,
commanding
our advance,
iout firing a
which came
rew the gun-
r guns; and
were busilj
■ Hammond,
with about
decamp by
sasy carbine
:ists."

The rogiment camped among the pines, whenccf tlioy had
driven the enemy.

Xitvmbcr llth. The regiment was ordered to picket
aluii{< the Kapidan, extending uur videttee from Morton's
lord near to German ia.

November X'ith. A squad of Hampton's cavalry, dressed
in uur overcoats, surprised and attacked the 18th l^ennsylvii-
iiiu, near Qermania Ford, capturing many prisoners, and their
headquarters wagon. Capt. McQuinn, Company A, in char{;e
ut' the nearest reserve, assisted in beating back the Rebels,
who fled across the river.

November 21«/. The paymaster appeared with his green-
backs, and though the rain has fallen almost incessantly
nnoe have been heard to murmur. Whatever trouble or
liifficulty the soldier has, pay-day is sure to take it all
away — at least if his accounta are all right.

N'uivmber 22d. Th men are sending their money homo
to their friends. Some foolishly squander theirs away, but
moat men of the rugiment put a proper estimate ou their
earnings.

November 2ith. A grand movement of the army toward
the Bapidan was commenced, at an early hour. Our divi-
siuD moved toward Raccoon Ford. A heavy rain having
set in, the troops were countermarched to their wet
•bivouacs. •

November 26th. The movement commenced and aban-
doned on the 24th was to-day resumed. Gen. Meade,
desiring to cross his main force at German ia Ford, ordered
the cavalry to attack the Rebel lines along the upper fords,
and, if possible, compel them to busy themselves with us.
Our division broke camp early, and reached the river about

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Sciences
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23 WEST MAIN STREET

WEBSTER, <«I.Y. ' 'oSO

(716) 872-4503

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CIHM/ICMH
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microfiches.

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<>x

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Historic Records.

nine o'clOok at Morton's Ford. The fortifications on the
high hills along the river swarmed with Rebels. They
opened their heavy batteries upon us. The division moved
up the river toward Raccoon Ford, most of the time
e:£posed to the artillery fire. Shells fell fast near the solid
column, spattering mud all over our Thanksgiving suits,
for this was Thanksgiving day. Our flying artillery occa-
sionally replied. This artillery duel was continued all the
day, and yet not a man was injured. How wonderful is
the preservation of human life on occasions like this ! At
night we bivouacked in the woods about a mile from the
ford. The ground was wet and the weather cold, and we
were compelled to make fires sparingly, lest the enemy
aight discover our position, and give us a Thanksgiving
supper of shells, as he had done for our dinner.

uVovember llth. Early in the morning the division
crossed the river at Raccoon Ford, having discovered that
the enemy had abandoned his works in the night. Fitz-
hugh Lee's cavalry, however, waa encountered approaching
at no great distance from the river, compelling our boys to
return after a sharp skirmish.

November SOth. We still continue by the river, exchang-
ing occasional shots, and sometimes volleys, with the pickete
on the other side. Now and then the batteries open.
Just before sundown the Rebels sainted us with a rapid
shelling, which made the woods and hills resound. Wc
bivouac among the pines, when off duty, where moss is
plentiful for our carpets. Our fare would be quite pleasant
if it were not for the biting frosts of the nights.

December 2d. Gen. Meade is returning from his uusuc-
eessful affair in the wilderness about Mine Run. His

ibrtifications on the
ith Rebels. They
rhe division moved
most of the time
I fast near the solid
'hanksgiving suits,
yiiig artillery occa-
s continued all the
How wonderful is
ons like this ! At
ut a mile from the
iather cold, and we
y, lest the enemy
us a Thanksgiving
dinner.

aing the division
ng discovered that
n the night. Fitz-
l^ered approaching
Jelling our boys to

the river, exchang-
s, with the pickets
be batteries open.
i us with a rapid
lills resound. Wc
tj, where moss is
i be quite plea.sant
nights.

a; from his uusuc-
Mine Run. His

TV-

Fifth ISiEw York Cavalry.

expedition has been attended with great fatigue and suffer-
ing, and some losses.

December Sd. As vas expected, we were relieved from
til is position and taken back to our old camps, near Stevens-
burg. Our euuip began to assume a delightful appearance,
with it!i rows of shelter tents, and an occasional wall tent,
when about 3 p. M. the woods were ringing with bugles,
soiimling " boots and saddles." Tents were taken down,
and the brigade moved out in the direction of the river to
meet the enemy, who was supposed to be crossing the river
to attack us in heavy force. It proved to be a fright of the
pickets stationed along the river. We were soon back in
our old spot again, putting up our shelters.

Change is the soldier's life. It marks his daily experi-
ence. Now he lies securely in his wood-surrounded home,
then he revels in the pomp and terror of the battle ; now
he suffers from the long march or the extra duty, then he
grows weary with long waiting and anxious fears. His life
is a moving panorama, which presents every shado of color-
ing, and every phase of human experience.

December ith. Quite an excitement was created among
the men, by an effort made to ascertain what number of
them are willing to reenlist under the orders recently issued
by the War Department, respecting Veteran Volunteers.

A large majority of the men present are ready to reenlist
for a new term of service. Though they have seen hard
service, and long, they are unwilling to return to the quiet
pursuits of civil life while the conflic* goes on. They want
to join in the last conflict am' to swell the final shout of
victory, over the downfall of ti\is Rebellion. Every one
appears to be in the best of spirits,

)

I-

:! ■' -VJii-V

I i'

Historic Records.

December 5f.h. A large mail was received, after a sus-
pension of several days. These are always occasions of great
rejoicing, in camp life. Our mail bags are great instruments
of power.

December 8th. A large detail of the regiment went out
on picket to the Rapidan. A squad of eighteen recruits for
the regiment was received this evening.

December 15th. Our boys on picket near Germania Ford
are becoming quite familiar with Rebel pickets on the other
side the river. Papers are exchanged, coffee is given for
tobacco; and visits of the Rebels among us, and of our boys
among them, are quite frequent.

December llth. A cold, freezing rain has fallen all day;
and the men, wet, cold, hungry and tired, returned from
picket. The pines were lighted up with the lurid light
of our 5res at night.

December ISth. Moved camp to the hill known in this
region as The DeviVs Leap, where we expect to build our
winter quarters.

December 2Qth. The main portion of the regiment went
out on picket.

December 2,M. The cold is intense and we are suffering
for the went of winter quarters. We have just received
orders to buiid them. Wc are camped on a crest of hills,
which was very thickly wooded with fine timber just before
we took possession. The wood had been purchased by the
Rebel authorities at a high price, with the hope that this
would be their winter quarters. The forest is quickly
disappearing.

December 27th. The men are busily engaged in the work
of constructing their log cabins. Every man has suddenly

sived, after a sus-
occasions of great
great instruments

egraent went out
hteen recruits for

IT Germania Ford
ekeis on the other
offee is given for
i, and of our boys

las fallen all day;
d, returned from
1 the lurid light

ill known in this
pect to build our

B regiment went

we are suffering
ve just received
a crest of hills,
mber just before
lurchased by the
e hope that this
)rest is quickly

»ged in the work
lan has suddenly

i;»' --^^i^S^^pJJ^^^^^^SiSJs^'-a^ftlf^^

Fifth Nkw York Cavalky.

become a mason or a carpenter, and the hammer, the axe
and the trowel are being plied with the utmost vigor, if not
with the highest skill.

December 8lst. The Adjutant's quarters are crowded with
work >i o is making out or giving instructions to others to
make ov:'^, discharge papers, muster out and muster in rolls
for the men, who are enlisting as Veteran Volunteers.
A gentle rain fell this morning, and has continued, with some
wind, 80 that all day Jong the Heavens have wept over the
departing year.

Ir-

itS,^'^ L.

CHAPTER VII.

Life in Winter Quarters — Ita Duties and Pastimes. — Its Interest-
ing Scenes. — Dangerous Picketing between the Uappahannock
and the Rapidan. — Frequent Attacks by Guerrillas. — Kilpat-
rick's Second Raid to Richmond. — Col. Dahlgren's Part of the
Work. — Full Account by Lieut. Merritt, who accompanied
Dahlgren. — Object of the Raid. — General Plan. — Dnhlgren's
Command. — Successful Capture of Rebel Pickets on the Rapi-
dan.— Honor to Lieut. Merritt's Command. — Capture of a Rebel
Court Martial. — Conduct of Prisoners. — The Faithless Negro
Guide. — He is Hurg. — Property of Mr. Seddon, Rebel
Secretary of War. — His Negroes. — Their Depredations.- -Our
Soldiers falsely Accused of Pillaging. — Henry A. Wise wisely
Skedaddles. — Within a few Miles of Richmond.— Cofiperatiou
with Kilpatrick Impossible. — Preparation to Attack Richmond.
— Nature of the Fight. — Withdrawal. — Casualties. — Terrible
Night's March. — Meet a Rebel Ambulance Train — Crossing
the Pamunkey. — The Mattapony. — Marching and Fighting. —
The Ambuscade. — Dahlgren Killed. — Road Barricaded. — In
Straits. — Ammunition Exhausted. — Preparation to Disperse. —
The Party Broken up. — The Cabin in the Woods. — The Surren-
der — A Baptist Preacher. — The Parson's Robbery and Apolo-
gy.— Dahlgren's Remains. — Arrival at Libby Prison. — Casual-
ties of the Fifth New York. — Synopsis of Kilpatrick's March. —
The Terrible Tornado.— January Ut to May 2d, 1864.

After the great excitement of an active campaign with ita
long marches and almost constant fighting, life in winter
quarters seems quite too dull. For some weeks at least,
until somewhat accustomed to his new home, the soldier

''Ss"T?',S»"*»'<?*.*^5*ir>»rTr^n+S2fr''!r*;,' »* '.

■'^\

Fifth New Yobk Cavalry.

. — Its Interest-
Uappahannock
rillas. — Kilpat-
m's Part of the
0 accompanied
n. — Dnhlgren's
kB on the Rapi-
)ture of a Rebel
FaithlesB Negro
Seddon, Rebel
edations.--Our
A. Wise wisely
— Cobperatiou
ack Richmond,
ties. — Terrible
■ain — Crossing
md Fighting. —
arricaded. — In
to Disperse. —
. — The Surren-
ery and Apolo-
isou. — Casual-
rick's March. —
864.

paign with its
life in winter
eeks at least,
le, the soldier

feels more or less uneasiness. However, this life is not
without its duties nor its opportunities for employment.
Several days are consumed in making our quarters comfort-
able and convenient. Our northern friends would wonder
to see the skill and taste exhibited in the construction and
internal arrangprneots of our cabins.

The day is u^^hen .' 'n with the reveille, well executed by
the bugle corps, wL 'a has been reorganized, and drilled
for the purpose. At he blast of these bugles we are called
to our breakfast, dinner and supper. Koll call is sounded
and the men of each company fall into line and are
accounted for. The bugle sounds to call the orderly ser
geantsto assemble at the adjutant's quarters to receive any
special orders he may have to communicate. By the bugle
the camp guard is assembled, inspected and ordered to its
posts of duty. At water cill the men lead out their horses
to the watering. Drill call sends them to the field to learu
the tactics of war.

Thus call after call to duty is sounded at intervals
throughout the day, ending with the taps, which calls for
the blowing out of lights, and the seeking of rest, which
night demands. To these duties and excitements come the
days of picketing, when a large detail is sent out, leaving
behind a number just suflScient to care for the camp. These
are generally men too sick for hard duty, or whose horses
are un.serviceable.

While in camp checkers and cards afford a pastime to
many, but a large number spend their hours in reading and
writing. We usually receive a daily mail Thus our time
is filled with some kind of employment, and even our camp
life is far from monotonous.

i \M:

i,i;-!i;':

-fi-i J 4 '

lIisTouic Rkcouds.

January \st. The morning was fair and beautiful, but
the day ended with the coldest weather ever known to our
veterans, wliile in Virujinia. The reiinlisted men, nmnber-
hv^ one hundred and eighty-one, were mustered in. Others
will recnlist before many days.

January M. The paymaster has paid his compliments tc
the veterans, and they abound in greenbacks.

January "ilh. Sent out a picket detail of three officers
and fifty-six men.

January \Qth. The camps of this grand army occupy a
large territory, stretching from Stevensburg to two or three
miles beyond Brandy Station. The roads are becoming
almost bottomless. However, long trains of forage and
commissary wagons may be seen passing to and fro with
horses and mules in mud from " stem to stern." Caval-
cades of mudded horses and riders traverse the camps and
adjoining fields in various directions. Large flocks of
crows with their bi^.V -perched videttes when alighted, or
their regular line oi march when on the wing, leave an im-
pression upon the soldier's mind. These sights are of daily
recurrence.

January Idth. The regiment is picketing near the Rapi-
dan, a little below Germania Ford. A line of pickets ex-
tends across to the Rappahannock a little below Fields'
Ford. The peninsular territory below this line and be-
tween the rivers abounds in thick underbrush and deep
ravines, through which guerrillas creep up and attack our
pickets. Patrols are sent oat daily from the picket reserves,
on the main roads to the fords of the rivers, to drive out
any force of the enemy that might seek to advance upon us
from that direction. To-day our patrol was attacked by a

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Fifth New York Cavalry.

jcautiful, but
known to our
lieu, nuuiber-
ad in. Others

implinients tc

three officers

my occupy a
two or three
ire becoming
f forage and
ind fro with
irn." Caval-
lie camps and
;e flocks of
alighted, or
leave an ira-
i are of daily

ir the Rapi-
f pickets ex-
elow Fields'

ine and be-
ih and deep
d attack our
ket reserves,

to drive out
ince upon us
ttacked by a

considerable force concealed in bushes by the road side.
Under very great disadvuntage, our boys defended them-
selves as best they could, but suffered quite severely. This
was near Ely's Ford, Rapidan.

Januarj/ 22d. Our boys were out again patrolling towaid
the Rappahannock, and were attacked by bushwhackers near
Ellis' Ford. As on the 19th inst., one man was killed,
several wounded and captured. Among the latter were
several veterans, who were daily looking for their 35 days'
furlough promised in their reiJnlistment. They will have a
dreary furlough in southern prisons.

January 'ilst. Our chapel tent was dedicated this even-
ing by Chaplain E. P. Roe, 2d New York Cavalry, who
preached an excellent sermon to a large audience.

February Gth. The 2d Corps made a demonstration on
the Rebel lines at Raccoon and Morton't. Fords, fighting all
day. Gen. Hays greatly distinguished himself in some
of the charges made on the enemy's fortifications. Mean-
while Kilpatrick's cavalry crossed the river at Culpepper
Mine Ford, and reconnoitred along the plank road. At
Hampton's Cross Roads a squad of the enemy was encoun-
tered and quickly dispersed. A few prisoners fell into our
hands.

February 7th. The regiment returned to camp at 2 p. M.,
after a journey of about 35 miles.

February ISth. Sixty-eight recruits joined the regiment.
Our ranks are thus being filled.

February 21st. A large temperance meeting in the chapel,
and a large number signed the pledge.

February 2Sd. A grand review of a portion of the army
before Generals Meade, Pleasanton, Kilpatrick and others,

I t

I'f, :;;;:;

l'??::^

j'i'lj.

-:«Wn -v:?f; TiCT^ • : : r :t:JI- V; i:Tr:^];i:j "' J£^"^J > '

iSft Lj3»i i*"

IIiSToiiic Records,

took place on the plains between Stevensburg and Pony
Mountain. The infantry, artillery and cavalry appeared in
their best uniform and with flying colors, prosentiug an im-
posing spectacle. The exorcises closed with a cavalry skir-
niish and charge.

February 2Ath. The paymaster occupies the chapel for
paying the regiment.

February 26th. The long-looked-for veteran leaves-of-ab-
scnce and furloughs made their appearance, but had not
been in camp thirty minutes before they were sent for from
brigade headquarters. They are doubtless detained for
some wise purpose, but many fail to see the point.

February 2Sth. The whole division under Kilpatrick,
accompanied by Col. Dahlgren, who was intrusted with a
very important position in the expedition, set out on a great
raid to Richmond. We append the following full and
interesting narrative of the raid, by Major Merritt (then
Lieutenant), who accompanied Col. Dahlgren, and was with
him at his death.

Narrative of Dahlgren's Raid.

Kilpatrick's second raid upon Richmond was made with
the purpose of releasing our officers and men confined in
Libby Prison, Castle Thunder and Belle Island, and to
destroy the mills, workshops, materials, stores and govern-
ment property of the Rebels in that city and vicinity, and
the rail road communications. The plan also comprehended
the capture of Lee's reserve artillery at Frederick Hall
Station or* the Virginia Central rail road.

'!^i^' ,•>- ,. ; -'i^iY - ;

■g and Pony
( appeared in
cntiug an iiu-
. cavalry Bkir-

be chapel for

1 leavea-of-ab-

but had not

sent for from

detained for

'nt.

r Kilpatrick,
rusted with a
out on a great
ing full and
Uerritt (then
and was with

IS made with
n confined in
sland, and to
and govern-
vicinity, and
jomprehended
rederick Hall

Fifth New York Cavalry.

In the execution of this general plan, Col. Dalilgrcn's
command, diverging from the main column to the right at
Spottsylvania Court House, was to march by Frederick
Hall, capture and destroy the artillery, cross the James
river at Columbia Mills, send a party to destroy the rail
road bridges where the Danville road crosses the Appomat-
tox river, and move upon Riclmond from the south, in the
hope of gaining possession of the bridges spanning the river
between Munchester'and the city by surprise, dash over and
release the prisoners, while the main force under Kilpatrick
occupied the enemy's attention on the north side of the
town.

The expedition of Col. Ulric Dahlgten marched from
Gen. Kilpatrick's headquarters at Stevensburg, Va., on the
evening of Sunday, February 28th, 1864. It comprised
detachments from the 2d New York, 5th New York, 1st
Vermont, 1st Maine and 5th Michigan regimento of cavalry
of the 3d division cavalry corps, army of the Potomac, in
all four hundred men. The detachment of the Fifth New
York under command of Lieut. Merritt, Co. K, consisted ot
Lieut. Robert Black and forty men selected from companies
I and K. This party left camp about 3 P. M., being sent
in advance with orders to capture the enemy's videttes at
Ely's Ford on the Kapidan river, and, if practicable, their
picket reserve also, the object being to secure the passage
of the river and open the way for the march without the
alarm's being communicated to the enemy.

We proceeded to within two miles of the ford and halted
until dark, when Lieut. Merritt, with fifteen dismounted
men and two scouts, sent from headquarters, waded the
river about one mile above the ford, and, aided by the

I--

: ^

lIisTOHic Records.

durkness, the night boin^ slormy, succeeded in aj)proachinj»
and Heeuriiig the two videtUjs guarding the ford, and, after
much difficulty, ascertained the position of the reserve. A
iurge fire built in a ravine on the banics of the river some
distance below the ford, evidently intended to deceive us,
caused some delay ; but we finally discovered that their
picket reserve were in a house some distance buck from the
river. We proceeded silently to this house, surrounded it,
and, rushing in, after a brief struggle, captured the whole
piirty, sixteen men, a lieutenant, and the officer of the day,
who had halted for the night on nis tour of inspection.
His report of the vigilance and efficiency of his picket was
probably never made. Oaly two shots were fired, and no
alarm raised, as we afterward ascertained that the enemy
were not aware that we had crossed the river until the
column had passed Spottsylvania.

Lieut. Black, with the remainder of the men, was left
on the opposite bank of the river, with directions to throw
out a few skirmishers on the edge of the stream, and move
down as close as possible without discovery, and to be pre-
pared either to cross or cover our party as circumstances
rendered necessary. Securing our prisoners we returned to
the river and found the advance of Dablgren's column
across, we having immediately communicated our success.
Twenty-three of our men were sent to the rear in charge of
the prisoners. Col. Dahlgren, in recognition of our success,
assigned to us the advance of the expedition, which duty
we performed throughout.

Taking the Chancellorsville road we passed through
Spottsylvania Court Hovse and, bearing to the right,
marched without iucident, until we came to the vicinity of

Fifth Ninv Yokx Cavamiy.

n approachin,"
rd, and, after
e reserve. A
le river some
to deceive us,
red that their
buck from the
surrounded it,
ed the whole
ir of the day,
of inspection,
lis picket was
fired, and no
it the enemy
iver until the

men, was lefl
ions to throw
am, and move
md to be pre-
circumstances
re returned to
ren's column
our success.
r in charge of
f our success,
, which duty

ssed through
to the right,
he vicinity of

Frederick Hall Station, about 3 p. M. Monday. Here wo
found the reserve nrtillery, numbering 83 pieces of every
calibre, parked, with a small brigade of infantry guarding
it. Approaching through the woods with the utmost cir-
eumapection, we came within 300 yards of the camp with-
out discovery. A rapid but thorough reconnoissance demon-
strated the impossibility of capturing their guns with our
small force, and we saw the necessity of withdrawing from
the dangerous vicinity without attracting the notice of the
enemy. To accomplish this we had to pass around the base
of a small hill on the edge of the camp. Here there was a
house, and we observed a number of men moving about,
and from the character of tlie ground suspected the pres-
ence of a battery also. It was of course necessary to
ascertain whether this suspicion was correct, and to capture
the men. In order to save the valuable time it would have
required to deploy skirmishers, and as the only probable way
of preventing the alarm of the camp, our detachment vol-
unteered to charge the hill, Major Cooko, 2d New York
deploying a squadron to cover us in case of nood. Separat-
ing in two parties we charged on opposite sides of a gorge
running into the hill, and approached the small house in
such a manner as to surround it. After a few shots, the
party who had retired inside the building, when, to their
utter amazement they discovered ou haracter, surrendered
themselves prisoners, and we learn 1 with almost equal
astonishment and no little amusement, that we had captured
a court martial, securing the entire party, president, judge
advocate, members of the court, witnesses, prisoner, and
orderlies in attendance. Among them was a Col. Jones, 1st
Maryland Light Artillery, two majors and the usual com-

'itim

Historic Records.

pleraent of captaina and lieutenants, the whole party
numbering about thirty, with several fine horses. The
Rebels were engaged in artillery practice when we approached
their camp, and the regular and continued discharge of their
•runs served to inform us that wo remained undiscovered.

Nearly all the prisoners subsequently escaped from us
during the night, as we were unable to guard them properly,
and, in fact. Col. Dahlgren did not desire to be encumbered
with them. The judge advocate, Lieut. Blair and another,
however, adhered to us most faithfully until the finul break-
ing up of the expedition. Lieut. Blair afterwards visited us
in Libby Prison, and tendered his testimony in our favor,
but without mitigating the severity of our imprisonment in
any way.

The rail road was torn up about one mile from Frederick
Hall, and we then proceeded on our march. A heavy storm
prevailed during Monday night. The rain fell in iorrents
and rendered the roads almost impassable. Men and horses
wore beginning to suffer for rest and refreshment. The
woods being dense increased the difficulties of the march,
and about three o'clock Tuesday morning, it became neces-
sary to make a brief halt in order to close up the column,
which was scattered several miles in the rear, struggling
through tliP mud holes of the miserable swamp road. At
the halting p! ,co we captured six wagons loaded with
forage for Lee's army.

We now learned that we were about three miles from
Dover Mills, and ten miles below CoLxmbia Mills. The
guide, a negro, had misled us during the night, and, to
obviate the delay of retracing our steps. Col. Dahlgren, on
the representations of the negro that an excellent ford was

"' ^ - -•^i!.f>S''Y **** » A>^'

•f^lf'i'kjj^^?!', , ',^.

Finn New Yokk Cavalry,

whole party
horses. Tbc
te approached
barge of their
discovered,
aped from ua
hem properly,
I encuaibered
and aaother,
le fin< J break-
irds visited us
in our favor,
prisonment in

om Frederick
\. heavy storm
ill in torrents
en and horses
shment. The
of the march,
became neces-
p the column,
ir, struggling
mp road. At
loaded with

ee miles from
a Mills. The
night, and, to
Dahlgren, on
silent ford was

to be found at Dover Mills, concluded to cross at that point.
After two hours' halt we again moved on. and soon reached
. Dover Mills, but only to meet disappointment. The negro
bad deceived us, no ford existed at this point nor any means
of crossing the river. He then stated that the ford was
tl'.ree miles below: this was obviously false, as the river was
evidently navigable to and above this place, as we saw a
sloop going down the river.

This man was sent from headquarters to guide us and was
cunsiaered faithful and reliable. I afterwards learned that
he came into our lines from Richmond, in company with
several officers who escaped from Libby Prison by Col.
Streight's tunnel, and whom he piloted through. He was
born and had always belonged in the immediate vicinity of
Dover Mills, was very shrewd and intelligent, and it would
seem impossible that he should not know that no ford
existed in the neighborhood, where be had seen vessels
daily passing. Col. Dahlgren had warned him that if
detected acting in bad faith, or lying, wo would surely hang
him, and after we left Dover Mills, and had gone down the
river so far as to render further prevarication unavailing,
the colonel charged him with betraying us, destroying the
whole design of the expedition, and hazarding the lives of
every one engaged in it,— and told him that he should be
hung in conformity with the terms of his service. The
negro became greatly alarmed, stated confuseflly that he
was mistaken, thought we intended to cross the river in
bouts, and finally said that he had done wrong, was sorry,
etc. The colonel ordered him to be hung, — a halter strap
was used for the purpose, and we left the miserable wretch
dangling by the roadside. His body was afterwards cut

jjj'i S'

100

HiSTOKic Records.

down and buried by Capt. Mitchell who had remained
behind some time to complete the destruction of some mills
and grain.

At Dover Mills we halted about two hours on the
property of Mr, Seddon, the Eebel secretary of war. No
Union troops had ever been here before, and our appearance
created great excitement and consternation among the
whites, — while the contrabands flocked about us in great
numbers, nearly wild with joy. The negroes invariably
came with the request that we would visit their master or
overseer, and arrest or punish him fo" his cruelty. We of
course declined the office of redressers of grievances of this
nature.

The ties of affection we sometimes hear about, binding
master and slave together under the patriarchal institution,
evidently did not exist in Mr. Seddon's neighborhood, how-
ever it might be elsewhere.

At this point we destroyed a number of fine mills, several
<janal boats with army supplies, and a large amount of flour,
meal and grain. A lock of the Richmond and Lynchburg
canal was also blown up. Besides this, we captured a large
number of 5ne horses. In fact our command had been
able to keep well mounted from the number of horses
fiecured up to this time. The barn of Mr. Seddon was
burned, whether by accident or design is not known. It
was not done by order of Col. Dahlgren The negroes on
this estate, as well aa those of a Mr. Morson near by, were
greatly excited and exasperated, and invited the soldiers to
plunder, themselves setting the example. Some excesses
were committed but the oflicers exerted themselves to the
utmost to drive the soldiers from both these houses. The

.fun'^-fSs^., ".■'■-. »';fl

i^^^g^gWSggg

S^^MS^^^

Fifth New York Cavalry.

I ]

101

ad remained
)f some mills

ours on the
of war. No
ir appearance
1 among the
; us in great
es invariably
leir master or
elty. We of
ranees of this

30ut, binding
al institution,
)orhood, how-
mills, several
lountof flour,
i Lynchburg
jtured a large
nd had been
)er of horses
. Seddon was
t known,. It
le negroes on
near by, were
he soldiers to
Some excesses
nselves to the
houses. Tho

•rrcatest damage was done by the negroes, who seemed
frantic for plunder and revenge; it was especially so with
ttie women. They invaded both mansions screaming for
silk dresses, breaking furniture, and tearing everything to
pieces they could lay hands upon. Pantries and closets
wore thoroughly ransacked, judging from the appearance
of tho ground outside the house. They said they were
nearly starved, overworked and cruelly beaten without
cause, and certainly exhibited a most miserable condition.
The extent of the damage I did not observe, having been
sent by Col. Dahlgren to search a house near by for Rebel
correspondence, upon information given by negroes, and
only returned a moment before we resumed the march.
But it is certain that nothing of the character charged upon
us by the Richmond authorities and newspapers, ever
occurred^ such as wholesale plundering, wanton destruction
of private property, carrying off plate and jewelry, etc.
On the contrary the soldiers were restrained to the utmost,
and were forced to return such plundered articles as were
found in their possession. It was impossible to prevent
some acts of disorder being committed upon the pro-
perty of so prominent a Rebel official as Seddon, espe-
cially under the example and imitation of his own house
servants; but as to carrying off his plate and his wife's
jewelry, I can say that I observed in the possession of one
soldier only, anything resembling such articles. One man
had a sugar basin, cake basket, and rouple of candlesticks,
all apparently plaited ware of a very cheap description, of a
pattern found in every shop window. These I ordered the
man to throw down upon the lawn, and they were left lying

therie. If Mrs. Seddon's plate and jewelry were all of the
7

It i

il'i

102

HiSTOHic Eecords.

same character and value, she will be able to replace them
without difficulty and at very slight expense.

Sergt. D. n. Scofield, company K, learned that Gen
Henry A. Wise was stopping in the neighborhood, and, after
some search, discovered his whereabouts. He went to the
place just as the redoubtable ex-governor mounted his
horse. Scofield made after him, and quite an exciting chase
ensued. The hero of Hatteras Island was not inclined to a
personal encounter even with a single man, and, being well
mounted, succeeded in making his escape into the woods.

Unable to cross the James, there was but one way
open to us — the western pike, running along the river and
approaching llichmond from the west. Leaving a small
force under Capt. Mitchell, 2d New York cavalry, to burn
some mills and stores, Bahlgren pushed rapidly on with the
rest of his command (halting only to dispose of the negro
guide) until we arrived within seven miles of the city and
■in sight of the outer line of fortifications. Here we halted
about three P. M. at a cross road. Kilpatrick had been
engaged on the Brook pike, the northern approach to the
city, during the morning. We heard his guns for some
time, but they had finally ceased, earlier in the day. Bahi-
gren immediately dispatched scouts to communicate with
him ; they never returned. We ascertained that the outer
line of work in our front was held by a picket only, and made
preparations to attack at dark. We had little hope of ac-
complishing more than a reconnoissanoe. Kilpatrick had
evidently withdrawn, and we could not hope to enter the
city with our small party from this direction. Thi locomo-
tive whistles on the opposite side of the James indicated
thatreenforcements were rapidly ccniing in from the direc-

;0 replace them

ned that Gen
liood, and, after
He went to the
r mounted his

exciting chase
ot inclined to a
and, being well
to the woods.

but one way
; the river and
saving a small
avalry, to burn
dly on with the
le of the negro
of the city and
Here we halted
trick had been
pproach to the
guns for some
he day. Bahi-
imunicate with
1 that the outer
only, and made
tie hope of ac-
Kilpatrick had
ipe to enter the
Th3 locomo-
nmes indicated
from the direc-

•5*e««a,w<,^.treSJ?1^f,'^|J»2 fr**«*!-«'' «i.-*««-<«,-.-«^-<^,"'^.'-.j^,.,,„,5^*„

Fifth New Yokk Cavalry.

103

tion of Petersburg. But Ddhlgreu observed chat we could
gain some information of the ground and character of the
defenses which might be useful at a future day. and besides,
•yt were all unwilling to withdraw without at least an
attempt to carry out the object of the expedition, however
improbable the chances of success. We learned from per-
sons coming from the city, whom we arrested, that Gen.
Kilpatrick had retired after the attack in the morning, and
the scouts having failed to report Lieut. Reuben Bartley,
United States signal corps who accompanied the expedition.
wa«, towards evening, sent out with a party to endeavor to
find Kilpatrick or communicate with him. He proceeded
across the country to the Brook pike and approached to within
'd few miles of the city, but without success. He ascertained,
aowever, that a large force of Eebel cavalry was out, and
iiad great difficulty in avoiding several parties. As soon as
evening set in Lieut. Bartley endeavored to open communi-
cation with rockets but his signals were not replied to.

Before attacking the enemy it was necessary to dispose
of the ambulance containing signal rockets, materials for
biirning bridges, &c., together with the negroes — several
hundreds having followed us, on foot and mounted, some
with bundles containing their movable possessions, some
with an extra horse taken from the plantation in renumera-
tion for services rendered, others barefoot and almost naked,
but all happy in the conviction that they werr free. They
were sent off in the direction of Hungary Station and
awaited us near an old church which the signal officer had
selected for observations.

Arrangements being completed, at dusk, we moved down
upon the enemy's pickets, who hastily retired, evidently in

II,-

i»K

_3I U,J

104

Historic Record?.

surprise. Wo pursued them rapidly inside the outer line
of defenses — earthworks aubstantialiy constructed, but
not mounted. The first real opposition we met was near the
second line. Here they had rallied a considerable force,
and evidently intended to make a stand under the protec-
tion of a piece of woods where the road made a bend. Our
charge in column was received with a heavy volley, and it
became necessary to deploy, to dislodge them. Our men in
the advance were quickly formed on the right of the road
as skirmishers, and by gaining a position well up on the
flank of the enemy, assisted materially in driving them out,
which was done after three chc.rgea led by Col. Dahlgren
and Major Cooke. The Rebels, consisting entirely of in-
fantry, including the Richmond City battalion, broke across
the fields for the town. Our men were dismounted and
pursued them with the utmost impetuosity. The small
column kept mounted on the pike alone maintaining their
forui.ition. It was a scrub race, — across fields, fences and
stone walls, we pressed after them, rallying, and scattering
them repeatedly as they attempted to dispute our advance
whenever a wall or house aflForded shelter. Between for-
midable works, over rifle pits, ditches and every obstruction,
with a cheer, a run and a volley from our Spencers, we
crowded them back to the edge of the city. Here we
encountered a heavy force formed in line of battle. It was
now dark and the gas lights burning. We were inside the
city limits, though the houses were scattered. Many of our
boys expected at last to see the inside of the Rebel capitol.
But the force in front was soon found to be too great for ua
to contend with. Formed in skirmish line we could not
entirely cover them. Still our men advanced gallantly to

.:!<*vn!' -■■

^'•■TWiW^l

he outer line
structed, but
t was near the
lerable force,
jr the proteo-

a bend. Our
volley, and it
Our men in
it of the road
ell up on the
ring them out.
Col. Dahlgren
jntirely of in-
1, broke across-
imounted and
The small
itaining their
Is, fences and
and scattering
> our advance

Between for-
ry obstruction,

Spencers, we
ty. Here we
attle. It was
ere inside the
Many of our
Rebel capitol.
DO great for ua
we could not
d gallantly to

Fifth New York Cavalry.

106

the attack, and even forced them back somewhat from their
position, stubbornly hok!>Qg all we gained. Their right
rested upon a hill descending abruptly into a swampy flat.
This we could not turn in consequence of our small num-
bers, and the colonel soon decided to withdraw. He said
we hr.d gone " far enough " — and indeed had militia ardor
been any of the most ardent, we would have found it quite
too far. Leaving Capt. Mitchell with a strong party to
cover our rear and check either pursuit or attack, Dahlgren
proceeded to collect his scattered force, picking up a'l the
wounded we could find in the dark. Having no means of
conveyance, the assistant surgeon of the 2d New York was
left in charge of them, and fell into the enemy's hands.

We retired leisurely and without the slightest annoyance
from the enemy. Their loss was variously stated by their
newspapers to be from forty to seventy killed and wounded,
including several oflScers. We h^d but one officer wounded,
Lieut. Harris, 5th Michigan cavalry. Our losses in all
could not be ascertained but probably did not exceed a
dozen or fifteen.

The route now pursued was in the direction of Hungary
Station, on the Central rail road, taking up the signal officer
and the rest sent away in the afternoon. Wo were obliged
to force a citizen to become our guide, as the scout, sent from
headquarters for that purpose, although assuring us that he
kne'^ every foot of ground within thirty miles of Rich-
mond, proved utterly inefficient. No one engaged in that
night's march will ever forget its difficulties. The storm
had set in with renewed fury. The fierce wind drove the rain,
snoT7 and sleet. The darkness was rendered more intense by
the thick pines which overgrew the road, and which dashed

u \
t

1 1' ;

i f

"^ if

vll.

106

Historic Recoeds.

into our faces almost an avalanche of water at every step.
Using unfrequented wood roads we were halted frequently
to remove trees fallen across the path, and to trace the course
with our hands, for even the sagacity of the horses was often
at fault. Tired and exhausted the men fell asleep upon their
horses. It became necessary to march by file, and at every
turn of the path to pass the word down to "turn to the right"
or keep to the left of the tree. It was utterly impossible to
see a yard in advance. Slowly and laboriously we toiled
through ^ — the jaded animals stumbling and falling down,
and when we finally reached Hungary Station, discovered
that Capt. Mitchell and his party had become separated
from us. They were unable to track us, although following
close in our rear, but, more fortunate than ourselves, suc-
ceeded, after hiding in the woods all night, in making their
way to Kilpitrick, whom they joined next day near White
House.

Lt. Bartley had been informed by contrabands, that Gen.
Kilpatrick had gone down the peninsula, with a large force
of the enemy in his rear. Concluding, therefore, that it
was impracticable to join him, Dahlgren, after consultation,
decided upon making for Gloucester Point to join Gen. But-
ler's army. We crossed the Chickahominy at McClellan's
bridge, and, soon after, came upon a rebel ambulance train
returning to Richmond with wounded from the scene of an
attack made that night, upon the 2d Brigade of Kilpatrick's
Division. For some time they were not aware of our char-
acter, but were loud in their boasts that they had driven off
the Yankees — their surprise was ludici^us when Col. Dahl-
gren informed them that we were Yankees, and asked " if
they did not think they were a nice lot of fellows." — De-

,t every step,
cd frequently
ice the course
irses was often
ep upon their
, and at every
1 to the right"
impossible to
3ly we toiled
falling down,
n, discovered
ome separated
mgh following
lurselves, suc-
I making their
ly near White

ads, that Gen.
1 a large force
•efore, that it
r consultation,
join Gen. But-
at McClellan's
[ibulance train
be scene of an
of Kilpatrick's
:e of our char-
had driven oflf
[len Col. Dahl-
nd asked " if
ellows." — De-

'";?s*»'«(t»*'ffr'^»'i»'''»*rfli?,rT'?K?<;«pi^^

Fifth New York Cavalry.

107

taining them long enough to enable us to close up our own
men, and after conversing with some of our wounded in the
ambulances, but failing to gain any inforrxtion to guide us,
we dismissed th..in, — t anticipating immediate pursuit,
proceeded rapidly towards the Pamunkey river. Wo reached
Hanovertown ferry about 8 o'clock A. M. Wednesday. The
river was very high, and the flat-boat used at the ferry had
been removed, but we discovered it hidden among the
bushes on the opposite bank. Several of the boys stripped
oflF their clothing and two succeeded in swimming over and
bringing back the boat. The tow rope was found, and quick-
ly stretched across and made fast. — Several hours were con-
sumed in crossing. As soon as all hands were over we
continued our march for the Mattapony river, encountering
and dispersing several small parties of the enemy.

After driving out a party of Rebels at Ayletts, we crossed
the Mattapony about 2 p. m. using the ferry boat, (fortu-
nately discovered some distance down the river), for the
men, and swimming the horses. The crossing was effected
in about an hour. When half the party had crossed an
attack was made upon us, but it was easily repulsed by a
few skirmishers.

After crossing the Mattapony until we reached the scene
of final disaster, we were engaged in constant skirmishing
with the enemy who had collected from every point to op-
pose our march. But a single road was available, and at
every point of woods we were assailed by a volley from
shot guns, carbines and rifles. Our flankers were captured
almost as soon as sent out. The enemy invariably declined
coming to close quarters, scattering before our repeated
charges. Notwithstanding the annoyances, our progress,

., !

11 t

>/^3'M.V^^-ii^^•;<s?■:

108

Historic Records.

though slow, was Htoady until about 6 p. M., when wo were
forced to make a long halt to feed both horsea and men,
both being utterly prostrated with fatigue and hunger. We
stopped soon after crossing the Anseamancock creek, and a
few miles from King and Queen Court House. Cora was
procured in oviple quantity from a barn near by, and the men
prooeedc(^ to cook their first meal for nearly thirty-six hours.
Our party had become reduced to about seventy men. Seve-
ral had been captured during the day, and a few wounded
and left from necessity. Nearly all the effective force was
with Capt. Mitchell, and consequently lost the night before.
One hundred to one hundred and fifty contrabands still ad-
hered to us. Ammunition was mostly exhausted, the ma-
jority of the men having none at all. Some were slightly
wounded, or so much exhausted as to be useless, but we
still hoped to succeed in reaching Gloucester Point, opposite
to which we would find some of Gen. Butler's army. After
three hours' rest we aroused the men, not without exertion,
and after getting them mounted, resumed the march. The
night was again -tioririy, a drizzling rain falling. The road,
as usual, rar through thick pine woods, rendering every ob-
ject invisible.

The first evidence of the enemy's being in advance was
the absence of three men sent upon picket a short distance
ahead of our halting place. Very soon after the discovery
we were challenged. The advance guard consisted of but
six men, all that could be spared from the column. Col.
Dahlgren had ridden to the head of the advance guard a
momvJit before we were challenged by the enemy. He was
immediately followed by Major Cooke. I responded to the
challenge by demanding " who are you ?" The word was re-

_^-rnarw^*^r?f >^' ^.-t*'' rv,: ... , ,-., r,:;-. .... . . ..,»..,»„5p_^,, _,^.,,,.^ ,,

Fifth New Youk Cavalry.

109

lien we were
ae8 and men,
hunger. We
creek, and a
). Cora was
■,and the men
irty-six hours,
y men. Seve-
Few wounded
ive force was
night before,
lands still ad-
sted, the ma-
were slightlj
sless, but we
'olnt, opposite
army. After
.out exertion,
march. The
g. The road,
ring every ob-

advance was
short distance
the discovery
isisted of but
jolumn. Col.
vance guard a
imy. He was
ponded to the
i word was re-

peated and the colonel immediately culled out, " surrender or
we will shoot you "--and snapped his pistol, the cap only
exploding. The next instant a heavy volley was poured in
upon us. The flash of the pieces aflbrded us a momentary
glimpse of their position stretching parallel with the road
about fifteen paces from us. Every tree was occupied, and
the bushes poured forth a sheet of fire. A bullet grazing
my leg and probably .striking my horse somewhere in the
neck, caused him to make a violent spring sideways. I was
aware of some one dropping beside me, and attracted by a
movement upon the ground, demanded who ii was. Major
Cooke replied, that his horse had been shot. Neither of
ns knew, at the moment, of the death of Dahlgren, though
he was not four feet from us when he fell. A scout
who had been somewhat in advance, new returned and
reported that the road was barricaded two hundred yards
ahead, and wiis impassable. In a moment a heavy fire was
opened upon the flank and rear of our column. Major
Cooke desired me to go back and assist the colonel to take
care of it. We both supposed he had escaped, as not a
groan was heard, and everything was invisible in the dark-
ness. Leaving Major Cooke, who was extricating himself
from his horse, I rode back to the column. Dahlgren waa
not there, and I now knew that he had fallen, as there were
but four in the group ahead when the volley was fired

Instantly ordering all who had ammunition to fire into
the bushes to check a charge, which would have routed us,
the column was moved ahead, until a slight opening in the
thick woods enabled us to turn off the road and form into
line. The road was graded down about four feet with
perpendicular banks supported by. cedar boughs interlaced.

.' .i

'\.'

'I-

110

Historic Recobds.

in a manner tUMjuently soon in Virginia. OrJoring the
fence thrown down, the men were immediately brought into
line, lacing the road. Major Cooke had now returned.
Wo soon dincovered that we were in a small clearing on
rising ground surrounded by the forest. Moving back a
few yards for more space, we massed the negroes compactly
in the rear, and awaited the enemy. The men stood per-
fectly firm though almost all of them were utterly destitute
of animunition, and fully aware of the hopelessness of our
position. After a time we discovered that the enemy did
not propose to attack us. We wore aware that two battalions
of cavalry were at King and Queen Court House, which we
hoped to flank by a road about two miles from the town. Wo
were now cut ofiF from this road by the force ahead and the
barricades. There was no other road in the vicinity but the
one we had been marching upon. The country was broken
up in rough hills, thickly wooded, or dense jungles, render-
ing it utterly impracticable to make our way across the coun-
try mounted. We were also cut off from the rear, and could
not retrace our steps, and soon discovered that we were
entirely surrounded. The two prisoners, during the cou-
fusion, had made their escape, as well as thu citizen guide
whom we had pressed into service, and th" enemy were
aware that our ammunition was exhausted. An inspection
showed that less than thirty rounds remained in the whole
party. I had but a single pistol cartridge myself, which I
had reserved for a last recourse.

Uader these disastrous circumstances, Major Cooke, after
a consultation with Lt. Bartley and myself, decided upon
the necessity of breaking up the party in the hope of get-
ing through the enemy's line dismounted, and by spreading

FiFTU New York Cavalry.

Ill

Ordering the
y brought into
now returned,
ill clcuring on
Moving back a
;roe8 compactly
men stood per-
tterly destitute
lessuess of our
the enemy did
,t two battalions
)U8e, which wo
the town. Wo
ahead and the
vicinity but the
try was broken
uugles, render-
icross the coun-
rear, and could

that we were
uring the cou-
li citizen guide
h" enemy were

An inspection
id in the whole
nyself, which I

jor Cooke, after
decided upon
le hope of get-
ad by spreading

out in twos and threes, to baffle pursuit, and accomplish the
remaining twenty-five miles which we estimated to be the
distance to Gloucester Point. Major Cooke and myself
together made a careful reconnoissauce, and found that we
were closely surrounded by a large force. Their fires could
be seen at several pointa, and so near were they that their
voices, in conversation, were plainly audible. The men were
dismounted, and ordered to drive tlieir sabres into the
ground and picket their horses to them, it being impossible to
kill the animals without attracting notice. The Spencer car-
bines were destroyed by removing and throwing away, or
burying the chambers, and breaking the magazine tubes.
The me'ii were instructed to take only their bolts, revolvers
and haversacks, that they might not be impeded b/ a heavy
load which would be soon abandoned, affording evidence of
the trail, and assist pursuit. As soon as these arrangements
were silently made, we desired them to select companions
ind to form into parties of three or four, when we gave them
the points of direction as nearly as could be determined,
and bade them good bye. One of the men made a collec-
tion of cartridges and brought me a charge for two revolvers.
I shall never forget the kind act.

About forty men departed in this manner, the rest, being
too much exhausted, remained on the ground and surren-
dered themselves next morning. The negroes we had to
abandon to their fate. After all who could do so, had with-
drawn, Major Cooke, Lieut. Bartley, myself and three
scouts, took our departure, which we effected by creeping
on hands and knees for about half a mile, between the
different parties and posts of the Rebels. We traveled
until daybreak when we secreted ourselves in a jungle of

i) .

1 m

112

Historic Records.

young pines, where we passed the day principally in sleep,
which we greatly needed. When night returned we re-
sumed our journey. After traveling several miles we con-
cluded to stop at an isolated cabin to procure food. We
entered the place and found an old man, overseer of the
plantation, and his wife. They consented with apparent
willingness to give us supper, and prepare a supply of food
to carry with us, for which we offered to pay liberally. The
old man built a blazing fire and we all gathered around the
hearth to infuse a little warmth into our benumbed limbs.
Suddenly the door was opened and before we could grasp
our pistols from beneath our clothing, where we bad carried
them, to keep them dry, the room was filled with soldiers,
who demanded our surrender, and we were forced to comply.

The lead • of the party was the owner of the plantation,
captain of home guards, and Rev. Mr. Bagley, pastor of a
Baptist church. This gentleman of three-fold calling took
us to his own house near by, where a plentiful supper was
already prepared for his band, who had been beating the
woods all day in search of our fugitives. The chagriu
occasioned by our escape from their well contrived ambush
had stimulated their exertions, and they had been rewarded
with almost comploto success, only three of our party
making good their escape. The country was completely
aroused. Every man, and even women, children and dogs
took part in the search.

We were apparently objects of great interest. Numbers
came to gratify their curiosity with a view of us. Our
captors guarded us most assiduously, pistol in hand, or, while
engaged at supper, kept them beside their plates. Major
Cooke asserts that the parson said grace with a cocked revol-

■''•.' ^ ■■-■■•' -'?^^s«»^jss*a^!igi«%fi^iii^ji^^ ^

TiFTH New York Cavalry.

118

pally in sleep,
turned we re-
miles we con-
re food. We
verseer of the
with apparent
supply of food
liberally. The
:ed around the
lumbed limbs,
ve could grasp
(re had carried
with soldiers,
ced to comply,
the plantation,
y, pastor of a
id calling took
ul supper was
en beating the
The chagrin
trived ambush
been rewarded
of our party
as completely
dreu and dogs

ist. Numbers
J of us. Our
land, or, while
plates. Major
, cocked revel-

er in his hand. After supper we were removed to the "best
room," where shake downs were prepared, and we viewed
with great satisfaction the arrangements for a good right's
rest. Our slumbers were guarded by five vigilant parti-
sans, sitting cross kneed with leveled revolvers. Twice
(luring the night I was aroused by the ceremony of
changing guard, but found them always on the alert, a
pistol being brought to bear upon me the moment my eyes
opened. They were .withal courteous enough, except that
tliey would inflict upon us their views on the secession and
war questions, and scoff at the folly of attempting to conquer
the South, and while treating us with no small degree of
deference, would assert their profound contempt for Yankees
universally.

Next morning, after a breakfast the precise counterpart
of supper, and which 1 hold in grateful remembrance to
this day, and reverted to in imagination many a time during
subsequent days of short commons, the parson politely but
firm'y demanded our watches, and other articles of personal
property, which were handed over with no little reluctance
and indignation. Seeming to think that some apology was
necessary for conduct so plainly in violation of both clerical
and military character, he explained that his loss had been
very great, and " that it was his only means of making him-
self whole." Besides, he remarked, if he did not get the
plunder it would be taken from us in Richmond, and he
might as well have it as the officials there, who were all
thieves and raacals. "Well, perhaps the parson was right. He
certainly estimated his Richmond friends at tht' true stand-
ard of morality.

From these people we learned .the particulars of Dahl-

' 1 •

t '

'if?

-• Iff

114

Historic Records.

gren's fate.i His body was found perforated with five
bullets, and his death had been instantaneous. One of them,
a physician, au intelligent, and in appearance, respectable
man, assured me that the remains were buried in a decent
manner. He said that the best joiner in the neighborhood
had been employed to make the coffin, which was of stained
wood, the best material available. He alro stated that it
was the universal wish to give a fitting burial to so gallant
a soldier. It was an after thought which doubtless eminated
from Richmond, to disinter, and heap wrath and indignity
upon the senseless corpse of a dauntless foe. We were
subsequently informed that the body had been mutilated
before burial by a Lieut. Hart, 7th Virginia cavalry, who
severed one of the fingers to possess himself of a valuable
ring worn by tie colonel; but the act was regarded as so
disgraceful, that several soldiers of the same regiment who
witnessed the act and informed us of it, said that the
scoundrel deserved to be shot.

After breakfast Friday morning, March 4th, we were
turned over to Capt. Magruder of the cavalry, who escorted
us to Biohmond, a distance of forty miles, where we arrived
Saturday evening, foot sore and hungry, to be transferred to
the tender mercies of Major Thomas P. Turner, and his

1 As our book goes to press (November, 1866) we find a telegram
in the papers, relating to the remains of Col. Dahlgren, which we
gladly insert in our pages. The search for his remains was long
and earnest, and finally successful. *' Philadelphia, Penn., Nov.
Ist. The remains of Col. Ulrio Dahlgren laid in state in Inde-
pendence Hall during the night and the funeral took place this
morning. Among the distinguished mourners were Admiral
Dahlgren, Generals Meade and Humphries and Major Henry."

ted with five
One of them,
se, respectable
id in a decent
neighborhood
was of stained
stated that it
1 to so gallant
tless euiinated
and indignity
be. We were
een mutilated
i cavalry, who
of a valuable
regarded as so
regiment who
said that the

4th, we were
J, who escorted
lere we arrived
8 transferred to
urner, and his

e find a telegram
tlgren, which we
emains was long
ihia, Penn., Nov.
in state in Inde-
took place this
8 were Admiral
[ajor Henry."

'^'?!}.W^*f^-^%7ss<.^-»^>fmf>^m*tn--mv'm»fv/fmi^^^

Fifth New York Cavalry.

115

fellow Samaritan, Inspector Dick Turner, who provided us
with a dungeon in the cellar of Libby Prison, where we
were considerately informed we should remain until
arrangements were completed to hang us.

It would be improper to conclude this paper without
alluding to the good conduct of the men of the Fifth New
York. Through the entire raid their behavior elicited fre-
quent and earnest commendation from Col. Dahlgren, and
reflected credit upon the regiment. But all connected with
the expedition did their duty well, and if gallantry or
endurance could have won success they would not have
failed to grasp it. All entered ardently into the spirit of
the enterprise, inspired by the example of the " one legged
colonel," whose noble memory no Eebel vandal can ever
mutilate or tarnish.

Casualties of the 5th N. Y. Cavalry.

Lieut. H. A. D. Merritt, Co.K, captured, escaped from prison, Co-
lumbia, S. C, November 28, 1864.
Corp. Alfred Richards, Co. I, captured, survived, and was exch'd.
Pvt. Charles F. Smith, " " " « <• « «

" John A. Lundin,
Corp. George Munroe,
Pvt. John Phillips,

" James D. Dowd,

" David Howe,

" Franz Briell,
Sgt. John Hardy,
Pvt. Frank Wood,

" Herman Harmes,
Farrier James Welsh, •« K,
Pvt. George Tresch, " "

March 4<A. A detail of the regiment for picket remained

" K,

<< <i

(< ((

II it

f« (I

" I,

i< <(

II II

41
II

II
II
II
H
II
II

died at Andersonville, Qa.

11 II II II

i< II II II

II II II II

'I II II «

K »,

ii'*.

t ^\

-•^tSrftea

■ii.n'ST-s.Sff-faifs :.■

mm?>>.

116

Historic Records.

here when the raiders left. To-day they were attacked
near Fields' Ford, by bushwhackers, and severely handled.

March Wth. Our pickets were again attacked near
Southard's Cross Roads, but succeeded in driving the eueuiy
away, after a brief engagement.

March 12</t. Judt before dark, our weary raiders returned
to camp, making the hills resound with their shouts of joy.
From them we learn the following particulars. Kilpatrick
moved his command rapidly, reaching the fortifications of
llichmond in the afternoon of March 1st. A vigorous
attack was made on these fortified lines, while the general
waited to hear from Dahlgren, who, by the perfidy of a
guide, failed to fulfill his part of the programme. At night
Kilpatrick withdrew, crossed the Ghickahominy at r>I«adow
Bridge, and, in the midst of a drizzling storm of sleet and
hail, bivouacked with his weary troopers. Scarcely had
the bivouac fires begun to illuminate the darkness of tho
night, when Hampton's Legions made a desperate attack
upon our forces. All that dreary night our men marched,
and, continuing their journey the next day, they passed by
Old Church, where they scattered the last band of Rebels
that hung upon their rear. The march was continued
down the Peninsula. Annoyed only occasionally by bush-
whackers on their way, our boys finally found safety and
rest in the department of General Butler, near Yorktown.
The division was brought in transports to Alexandria,
whence it marched to its camps at Stevensburg.

March 14/A. The veterans left this morning for home on
their thircy-five days' furloughs. They were a happy com-
pany.

April 22d. Our division of cavalry, with a large force

ri>»jitw;-^)iJj?^^^|S5V?y Jg?»'%»!s!>r,0>^->«^'- -^^^ ,-~t^

;re attacked
iy handled,
tacked near
g tlie enemy

lers returned
liouts of joy.
Kilpatrick
^ifications of
A vigorous
the general
perfidy of a
ne. At night
y at Meadow
of sleet and
Scarcely had
•kness of the
)erate attack
uen marched,
dey passed by
md of Rebels
as continued
ally by bush-
ad safety and
ar Yorktown.
I Alexandria,

; for home on

a happy com-
a large force

A^.

c, »=.- '

_ ; ' ^

Z*^

II '

116

Ih ■ ■ :«is Recovds.

{..■rf. «'. :. i;j« ■■ .-iit-r'. '>••». To J":? !^u^y wern attack«.-i
■j«u: F ■ : ■ '-i '*' .mrfhwH^ti.-*'!*. »U''' severely hiiDdle<J
^ ^ ufrf Our ;(..Uf# wuro a:iT*in attacked u-mr
t- ,*s Roau>4,i.iit. suoceoded it. siriviug the eaeuij'
j; brief eimagei««ttt.
./«:,.;/. 1'2<A.. .1iiK« bel'ore dark, oar weury raiders rctunwd
;,... *-amp, makiug the hills resound with tUeir sbouts of juy
!■ rem; tl>«u! wa leara the following part.iottI(»rr . Kilpaipck
moVKil his couuiiaud rapitily, reachiug thu furtificationv of
'li.hiuond in the aftAirnoou of March Ist. A vigo^.•}*
att^ick wuF made on Uicsa fortified Ymua, while the geii<.rjii
waited, t'^ hear fro la Dtthlgren, who,' by the prQdy wf *
guide, fmUid s^.i fuifill hi part of the prugrttir.iuo At lUjc^A
Ktiy..M'!k withurevv. cTt«js<jd ih« ChJck^hosniiiV at Mea>i«w
}ti.'i"f , »u<i. so the laidst of a drizaiiug storm of aleet aiul
hail, I ivoufiokod with his weary trooper.^j. Scarcely htfi
thebivi.unc fire." begun to illuminate .ho darUrK'-^s of tiw
niiiht, «hen ILiOiptots'ti Legions made a de;-p'riit.' att«-.i
upon our ioroca. AH that dieary night our m<in U'.aroht:;.
au'l, continuing their journey the neit day, ihey passed i'\
Old Chnroh, where they Hoatt^red the last ijaud of Rebt i&
that Ming v.]mju tbcir roar The maroh '.viw coutinu.-i
.,t.'>wn the l'<iniu!»ula. AuDoyid only oeoasionally by bush-
wh>tcker« oa ib^F «sy, our boj8 finally fouud isifety aui
raft! in the departwsnt of acnoral Butler, near York town
The diviaioii was bruu^ht in transports to Alesundriii,
.(■hence it njarched to it"' ",amps at Stov6n*burg.

'^a- " Hth. The veterans le^t this Dio-aiug for home vU
tht"./ thirty five daya' furloughs. They were a happy com-
pany

Aprif SJ.<i Our division of cavalry, with a large forte

«SM9W:«.i>»v-««»'(jJ5|^W»Jt^*^¥¥.\^^

roly hiiodleri
att<)(;keil u-imr
iug the cuctji-

liders rctunwi
sboutfl of joy
r. Kilpatr'i^i;.
)rtifications oi'

le the gen<.»ai
e parfidy i,i %
niu« At nifc'jl
iiiV at Mea-irw
tu of sleet a) id
Scarcely hud
larkhiv^s of tiw
iip^'riit.' attn;4

in<in U'.arohti.

ihey passed b.^
band of Ilel>. ia

T^'AA coutirju>"i.
jually by hw&h-
luud Kiifety au.i
near York to wn
to Alfsundiiii,
arg.

ug for lionie vU
■e a hiippy c(nw-

th a large fortft

C1r,/-fi*'

^-i'-i^-t-t;

1:1 I''

A 4-

si 3

1 la

fit?

I. \4
F Is

I t

'. ruL,:- -^^^^t:.: ^ ■-: ■ >,.

■'^*?(?!5*»rSW!f»'-'

•"flP'wtvi,

Fifth New York Cavalry.

119

of infantry, appeared in review before Lieut. General
Grant, on the Plains of Stevensburg. The army is very
unthusiastic over its oommander-in-chief. Some change
lijLs recently taken place in our cavalry. Gen. Eilpatrick
iia8 been asHigned to a larger command in the west, and Gen.
.John H. Wilson succeeds him. Gen. Davies is also removed
to some other position, and Col. Molntosh commands the
first brigade, which is now composed of the 18th Pennsyl-
vania, Ist Connecticut, 2d New York, and 5th New York.

April 29t/t. Orders were issued early this morning to
break up winter quarters, preparatory to the campaign,
which is about to open. The regiment moved about half a
mile, near brigade headquarters, which are in the house of
a Mr.^ Rosa.

^Vay 2d. The day had been fine until about five P. M.,
with only an occasional cloud, which floated lazily through
the sky. At this time a terrible commotion of the elements
was observed in the west, and heavy clouds of dust arose
from the hills about Culpepper, and swept down over the
plains in the direction of our camps. In an incredibly
short time from its appearance, the tornado struck us, with
a fury and force seldom witnessed. Scarcely a tent was left
standing, while pieces of tents, shelters, boards, articles of
clothing, papers, &o., were flying on the wings of the wind.
At times the dust suffocated and blinded us. Horses broke
loose from their fastenings and ran about in wild dismay.
Men laughed at each other's calamities or ran to each
other's relief. This carnival of winds continued about twenty
minutes, and was followed by a cold rain, which fell upon our
unsheltered heads. With much difficulty some shelters wero
replaced, and a tolerable night's rest was enjoyed.

'i i

'i'i
Mi

i,1

a^^lfelKstffe

■ % ^ A'S*4»V TS'-Zi

s-.-^l

CHAPTER Vni.

Array of the Potomac. — Qood Condition. — First Steps of the
Great Campaign under Qen. Qrant. — The Fifth New York opens
the Dattle of the Wilderness at Parlter's Store. — Detailed at Army
Headquarters. — Scenes at the Hospital. — Lines of Battle. —
Second Day. — Lee breaks our Lintr twice. — Is Repulsed. —
Col. Hammond Ordered to Qermania Ford. — Is Placed in Com-
mand of Provisional Brigade of Cayalry. — Brings up Rear on
First Left Flank Movement. — Skirmishes on the Ny and Po
Rivers. — Affair at the Maltapony. — Sergeant Sortore Killed. —
His Burial. — Battle of Milford Station. — A. Stratagem at Little
River. — Vast Forests of Virginia. — Battle of Ashland Station
— Dark, Muddy March along the Pamunkey — Tedious March iu
Roar of a Supply Train. — Men Sleep on their Horses. — At
Charles City C. H. — Fight at White Oak Swamps. — Jfay 8d
to June 16M, 1864.

The Army of the Potomac had never been in as good
condition as Gen. Grant found it in the spring of 1864.
All winter long its ranks had been filling up, and its drill
grounds around the camps had been thoroughly trodden.
" Numbers and thorough discipline" had been the motto of
its masters. The rank and file were largely made up of
veterans, who had seen service for three years of hard cam-
paigning, and who had reenlisted for three yxirs more, if
their services were needed all that time. This was a great
element of power. The supplies from the quartermaster
and commissary departments Wf^re abundant and generally

^««!»f.Wi»»«»»w >»fsnr!^"5'A-3^

Fifth New Youk Cavalry.

121

. First Steps of the
ifth Now York opens
). — Detailed at Army

Lines of Battle. —
le. — Is Repulsed. —
— Is Placed in Com-
-Brings up Rear on

on the Ny and Po
int Sortore Killed. —
\. Stratagem at Little
B of Aehland Station
■ — Tedious March in

their Horses. — At

Swamps. — Jfay 3rf

r been in aa good
16 spring of 1864.
ng up, and its drill
horoughly trodden.

been the motto of
largely made up of

years of hard cam-

hree jp<\rs more, if

This was a great

the quartermaster
dant and generally

pr.tisfactory. Great confidence was reposed in our military
leaders, who had shown themselves worthy of the positions
tlii'y occupied. The Lieutenant General, under whoso im-
mediate superintendence this army was about to move, was
everywhere received with the most enthusiastic applause,
while no one doubted but that he could plan a campaign
and execute its movements with an ability equal to any
general of the ago.

Such was the Army of the Potomac on the 3d of May,
when it received orders to bo ready to move at 12 o'clock
that night. Day by day, as we had watched the smoke
ascending from the camp fires of the Rebel army just across
the rapid river, we had gathered fresh inspiration ; and we
knew that but a shoit journey would bring ns face to face
with our confident enemy, whom we expected to drive be-
fore us.

The order for preparation to move was obeyed readily
throughout our camps, and but a few minutes past 12 at
night the bugles sounded " To Horse," and the cavalrymen
were ready for the march. The third division moved down
to Germania Ford, where it forded the stream early on the
morning of the 4th, and the rising sun shone upon its flags,
already borne over earthworks which the enemy had used
on former occasions, but which we now found deserted.
The enemy's plan seems to have been this — to place no
obstacle to our advance, and when the army was fairly
across the river, and had entered the wilderness country, to
fall upon it, break its ranks, and compel a hasty and disas-
trous retreat. But in this he had mistakenhissubjects, aa
the sequel proved.

The cavalry advanced on the plank road toward Ghan-

i?'4>"

122

lIisTouic Records.

oollorsville, just beyond WilJcrnoss Tavern, where the plank
road from Orange Court House intercepts thif. Here the
Fifth New York wan detached from the division and ordered
to proceed to Parker's store, where it was to establish a
Btrong line of pickets. Meanwhile the cavalry corps, now
under command of Gen. Sheridan, set out on a grand raid
toward lliohmond, often meeting and defeating the enemy's
cavalry, and killing its chief, Oen. J. E. B. Stuart,

May 5th. Occasional shots were fired during the night,
and, at the break of day, a heavy column of Rebel infantry
made ita appearance on our front. The whole line soon
became desperately engaged. This was the first blow of
the great battle of the Wilderness. For this honor the
regiment paid dearly. Having sent word to General
Meade that a heavy column of infantry was advancing, and
that he would " check them as long as possible," Col.
Hammond kept the regiment well in line, encouraging the
men with his presence and action. Many of the men were
dismounted, and their Spencer carbines made the dense
woods ring, and told with fearful effect upon the enemy.
Prisoners, afterwards captured from this attacking division,
swore that a whole brigade must have been in their front.
Fighting with a during rarely equaled, and compelled to fall
back belbre superior numbers, we nevertheless held them at
bay for five hours, until relieved by a portion of the Gth
Corps. Our service had been most important to our army,
but the regiment had suffered a loss of 13 killed, 22
wounded, and 24 known to have been inpturcd, besides 15 or
20 from whom tidings have never since been heard. They
were probably killed. Among those known to have been killed
was Captain L. McGuinn, Co. A, a most gallant young

.:^-''""-''

Fifth New Youk Cavalry.

128

, where the plank
thif. Here the
ision and ordered
ras to CBtablirih a
avalry corps, now
; on a grand raid
iting the enemy's
i. Stuart,
luring the night,
of Rebel infantry
whole line soon
the firBt blow of
ir this honor the
word to General
as advancing, and
as possible," Col.
, encouraging the
r of the men were
I made the dense
t upon the enemy,
attacking division,
en in their front,
i compelled to fall
eless held them at
portion of the Gth
irtani to our army,
of 13 killed, 22
urcd, besides 15 or
been heard. They
to have been killed
lost gallant young

officer. A correspondent of the N. Y. Ilerald makes his
bow to the regiment, on this occasion, and says:

" The Fifth New York Cavalry was detached from Colonel
Mcintosh's command for duty under the immediate orders
of General Meade. This was a compliment well earned by
its gallant conduct at I'arker's store. It is under the com-
mand of Colonel Hammond, one of the best officers in the
service."

The regiment 'having reported to General Meade, was
ordered to bivouac just in the rear of the old Wilderness
Tavern. But now came the care of the wounded. In am-
bulances, when they could bo secured, or on stretchers, they
were conveyed to the hospital, established only about a milo
in rear of the line of battle, at a small house in the woods.
Some of the poor fellows were fearfully mangled. Private
Anson Jones, Co. A, had his left arm completely fractured
from the elbow to the shoulder. He died from the ampu-
tation. 1st Sergeant Cross, Co. L, had likewise a broken
arm. Private Charles Westerfiel4, Co. 13, had a fractured
thigh, which, however, was saved from the amputating blade.
But the most terrible wound to look upon was that of pri-
vate John W. Slyter, Co. K. A ball had passed through
his mouth, tearing it out at least one inch back on both
sides, breaking out most of his teeth, and cutting the
tongue down to the root, though the end still hung to its
place, a helpless appendage. He survived the awful shock,
and was afterwards transferred to the Invalid Corps, subse-
quently known as the Veteran Reserve. But time would
fail us to specify even a hundredth part of the mutilation
which was presented at the hospital on that terrible day.
In the deep wilderness the" battle was raging fiercely.

I, ■ . ■

j'rS.,

II i:l V

J~,™-

124

Historic Records.

From the battle line to the hospital was constantly passing
a train of ambulances laden with our suflForing comrades,
wounded in cv.^ry conceivable manner from the crown of the
head to the soles of the feet. Occasionally a groan escaped
from some poor dying follow, whose last word or little token
of remembrance, such as a daily perused Testament, or cher-
ished portrait, had been deposited with some more fortunate
comrade to be sent to friends far away, to testify that even
in death they were not forgotten. Remarkable, however, is
the stillness of the hospital. How calmly the brave boys
endure the wounds received in defense of their beloved
country I How cheerfully even they approach the amputat-
ing taole, to awake from the operation with the painful
consciousness of loss of limbs, which no artificer cau
fully replace.

Now and then there comes from the battle field a
wounded man who is able to falk, and who supports with
one hand its bloody, mangled mate. At times, two men
may be seen approaching^ supporting between them their less
fortunate companion, whose bloody garments tell that he had
faced the foe. By every means possible our wounded were
brought from the field of carnage to be cared for at the
hospital, but in the vast multitude of disabled ones many
were left, who afterwards sufiered from fires which broke out
and ran far and wide among the dry leaves of the woods.

The line of battle to-day was somewhat in the form of a
horseshoe. General Grant having the inner circle. His
headquarters, near General Meade's, were well up toward
our extreme right. General Lee's attack was mostly on the
extremo wings, but with greater fury on our left. Amid
the roaring of the musketry, which continued till late at

instantly passing
foring comrades,
the crown of the
a groan escaped
rd or little token
stament, or cher-
le more fortunate
testify that even
cable, however, is
f the brave boys
of their beloved
)ach the amputat-
with the painful
no artificer cau

[le battle field a
rho supports with
t times, two men
;en them their less
its tell that he lad
aur wounded were
cared for at the
aabled ones many
es which broke out
es of the woods.
,t in the form of a
inner circle. His
ire well up toward
: was mostly on the
1 our left. Amid
ntinued till late at

JS^.*^'iysa*r?#*«i«^;^S*'«^^*"'^^^

Fifth New York Cavalry.

125

night, the regiment sought rest not a mile from the line of
battle, near our left flank.

May Qth. The opening day looked on the renewal of the
conflict. Each antagonist, rousing every slumbering element
of power, seemed resolved upon victory or death. All day
long they struggled for the mastery. So dense was the
forest where they fought, that artillery could scarcely be
used, and the lines of battle were only a few yards apart.
About noon General Lee threw a heavy force upon our left
with the design of turning our position. The onset was
partially successful. The 9th corps (General Burnside's) re-
ceived the shook, and was broken ; but the repulse was only
■momentary. Bringing up his reserve and gathering his
broken lines, the general hurled them against the exultant
foe, driving him bacK, and regaining the ground which had
been lost.

Gen. Lee, having failed upon our left, repeated the
operation with redoubled fury, upon our right, just at night.
His endeavor, for a time, gave promise of success. The
old 6th corps, in which the utmost confidence had been
placed by the commanding general, was posted in this im-
portant position. Notwithstanding its former prestige, it
could not withstand the terrible blows that were dealt upon
it. For a time, the rout that followed threatened disaster.
General Grant's headquarters were soon within musket
range of the advancing Rebels, and doubtless would have
been removed to a safer place, had not the general " resolved
to fight it out on this line." His band was quickly advanced
in the woods as far as possible, where it struck up Yankee
Poodle. Inspired by the notes, which sounded clearly on
the evening air, our men were reformed, and, with a wild

>♦ i-fi

' i^

.•! ii

IT" ^

126

Historic Rkcohds.

shout of battle, they charged the enemy, and drove him
back to his former lines.

The regiment had been ordered from the left to the right
wing, just in time to prevent the stragglers from our broken
lines passing far to the rear. After our position was
reestablished we rested for the night.

May 1th. Early this morning, the following order was
received :

; li^AD QtJABTBES, 6th Army Corps, ")
May 7th, 1864. /

Col. Hammond, Commanding 5th N. Y. Cavalry :

Gen. Sedgwick directs (in accordance with orders from

headquarters Army Potomac and General Grant) that you

move forward and remain as far as possible near Germania

Ford, and report immediately any movements of the enemy.

Be sure that no force of the enemy crosses the plank road

without notifying General Sedgwick at once.

By command of Major General Sedgwick,

C. A. Written,

Major and A. A. A. G.

The regiment marched to th ^ vl on receiving the order,
and picketed the road, with > > nthax cavalry regiments,
which we found posted on m.- . , .^i 2 p. M. an attack
was mr,de with cavalry and ligut v- .<j:y, on the two regi-
ments above mentioned. They bro)^ and fled, exposing
our left, thus compelling us also to fall back, which we did
quite rapidly down the river, nearly as fi^r as Ely's Ford.
On our way toward the plank road again, at no great dis-
tance from the river, Colonel Hammond received another
order.

, aud drove him

left to the right
from our broken
ar position was

lowing order was

Army Corps, "»
ay 7th, 1864. /

Cavalry :

rith orders from

Grant) that you

le near Germania

ata of the enemy.

es the plank road

ce.

dgwick,

^.. Whitten,

li A. A. A. G.

'.ceiving the order,
savalry regiments,
2 p. M. an attack
J, on the two regi-
and fled, exposing
ck, which we did
f£^r as Ely's Ford,
in, at no great dis-
d received another

'''W»imWl^m*Mmp'm^^mm^.<i^^'mmm^'f}imm^»tsms^i^m'*

Fifth New York Cavalry.

127

Hbad Quabtkes, 6th Army Corps, "1
May 7th, 1864. j

Commanding Officer of 22d N. Y. and 2d Ohio Cavalry :

You will report immediately to Lt. Col. Hammond, Fifth

New York Oavalry, who is hereby ordered to take command

of all the cavalry on the Germania plank road.

By command of Major General Sedgwick,

C. A. Whitten,

Major and A. A. A. G.

Having made such disposition of his command as was
necessary to check any further advance of the enemy, Ooi.
Hamriond moved the regiment, near the spot where we
bivGiacked last night, arriving late. While we were cook-
ing our suppers by our bivouac fires, suddenly the wilder-
ness before us became vocal with deafening cheers, extending
up and down our vast army lines. Lee had been outgene-
raled, hia lines driven back, his right almost broken, and
Grant was prepared for his first left flank movement. Be-
fore we slept, still another important order was received.

Head Qcabtbrb, 6th Corps, 't
May 7th, 1864. /

Col. Hammond, Commanding Cavalry :

You will please remain with your command near the old

Wilderness Tavern, until you are notified by Maj. Gen.

Hancock, that his corps and pickets are withdrawn. Gen.

Hancock's pickets are to be withdrawn at 2 A. M. (two

o'clock A. M.) Upon being so notified you will follow the

2d Corps.

By command of Major General Sedgwick,

C. A. Whitten,

Major and A. A. A. G.
U

V ' ,

If-.

i'.-.'.Vr^t.fyi^^p't-

128

HisTOPxc Eecokds.

Ma;/ Sth. The night had heen occupied in removing the
wounded to Fredericksburg. But for want of transporta-
tion,— so great was the number of woandet', — a considerable
number of the worst ones, who probably could not. have
borne the journey, and others, were left behind. A surgeon
and a corps of nurses were ordered to remain with them.
The remains of those hospitals presented one of the most
sickening sights ever witnessed. Here were some recent
dead, some dying, and some of the most mangled and torn
which the battle leaves living. Resigned to their fate we
left them to move forward to other scenes of conflict. As
soon as we had fallen back they fell into the enemy's hands.
About eight o'clock our rear guard left old Wilderness
Tavern, and moved on to Chancellorsville, which became
our extreme right wing.

Mai/ dth. Sent out on a reconnoissance to Ely's Ford.
Returned to Chancellorsville to bivouac at night

Mai/ lOth. Our "horses had long been denied their usual
allowance, — in fact, we had been without grain for several
days. We were compelled to search for the best grazing
the country afforded, which we found near Mr. McQee's, on
the Fredericksburg road. At night we were ordered on
picket at the Old Foundry.

May llth. Returned to McGee's to graze our horses and

bivouac.

May 12th. Moved to Chancellorsville, and found grazing in
the neighborhood. The fields and woods show signs of
Hooker's great battle here a year ago. Bodies and bones
of unburied men, and of those only partially buried, may be
found on every hand.

May Uth. All these days the grand arniy has been fighting

,.;..-i*li'f,»^-%^it.f'.

in removing the
at of transporta-
— a considerable
could not, have
lind. A surgeon
main "ffith them,
one of the most
ere some recent
langled and torn
; to their fate we
I of conflict. As
le enemy's hands.
t old Wilderness
e, which became

k to Ely's Ford,
night.

enied their usual
grain for several
the best grazing
Mr. McQee's, on
were ordered on

ize our horses and

d found grazing in
is show signs of
Bodies and bones
;ly buried, may be

y has been fighting

-^^•SS^"??s^sg!3?**i%»-i'^!!^w?»>'»r>»«*j^^^ ,

Fifth New York Cavalry.

129

about Spottsylvania Court House. Just at night the regi-
ment march'^d through terrible mud and dark forests, near
army headquarters, not far from Spottsylvania.

May Ibfh. The regiment was ordered to the extreme left.
Grazed our ho'rses near Massaponax Run, and advanced near
the church that bears this name, where we had a slight
brush with the enemy.

Mai/ 16th. Advanced beyond the church, and drove the
enemy's cavalry across the Ny river, after a lively skirmish.
A heavy force of the enemy was found on our front.

May nth. The following order in General Meade's own
handwriting was received and preserved :

Headquarters, Army of the Potoraivo, "l
1, 30 p. M., May 17th, 1864. f

Col. Hammond, Fifth New York Cavalry :

Colonel : Your dispatch reporting a superior force of the

enemy at Guineas Station received. I send you Lieut.

Col. Chamberlain, Ist Massachusetts, with 1,200 men from

Dismounted camp. You will take command of these men

and endeavor to drive back the enemy's cavalry and destroy

the depot at Guineas. Also advance on their right flank

and ascertain all you can of the enemy's position and force.

Respectfully Yours,

Gbo. G. Meade,

Major General.

Among the men above mentioned were about one hun-
dred and fifty of our veterans. This combined force
advanced as ordered, and found the enemy strongly posted
on the banks of the Po river. A severely contested engage-
ment followed, in which we lost Capt. Bryant (captured,

' »

4. r'N

180

Historic Recohds.

though at first supposed killed), and others. The main
force returned to its bivouac, and the Fifth spent the night
on picket.

May \%th. Another reconnoissance was made to the Po,
where the enemy still continues iu force. A^hort skirmish
followed. Our men returned unhurt.

May 19/A. Orders were received this afternoon to be
ready to move at eleven at night. The column of cavalry,
with a battery of artillery, moved out precisely at the hour,
ic the direction of Bowling Green. Having gone about
four miles, the main column was countermarched, though
the Fifth continued to near Fredericksburg, and returned,
traveling all night.

May 20</t. At noon our mail arrired, the first we have
received since the campaign opened.' There were at least
two bushels of letters ! And what eager boys waited for
the home messages, as each company's mail was being
sorted out ! Scarcely a man but had a letter, and some
had ten or twelve. A large mail was sent away before
night. Orders were received this p. m. to be ready to move
for the accomplishment of the task which was abandoned
last night.

May 2\it. Expecting to move in the night the men
had sought an early sleep, as usual, upon the lap of earth,
from which they were aroused about one o'clock, and were
Boon on the inarch. The night was pleasant. A few shots
with scattered pickets were exchanged on the way, until we
reached the Mattapony river, at a point below Guineas
Station, where the road on which we were marching crosses
the rail road. Here quite a force of the enemy made its
appearance. The day had now dawned. The Fifth New

Iiers. The main
Ii spent the night

made to the Po,
A 'short skirmish

afternoon to be
olunin of cavalry,
sisely at the hour,
iving gone about
rmarched, though
rg, and returned,

the first we have

lere were at least

r boys waited for

mail was being

letter, and some

sent away before

0 be ready to move

ch was abandoned

le night the men
n the lap of earth,
e o'clock, and were
sant. A few shots
a the way, until we
int below Guineas
re marching crosses
le enemy made its
!. The Fifth New

''M^^irw,f:-*"iit?»<.*-\^^ ?^.'-a^.p»'r^(t^,p^;^3: .,,^

ill

1st

I.."

* 13

-^[ • r iiiiii-ffi'Ttfi^r ■•"-"•■ "■■■■■ ■'■•""'

'. ;:i

''1

-,^-:- _. -._;! ..^, ^

■.■.■/■^^v-^.'^'-'^Wl*i^t«/i':i.rlg^^"rM"'-.\ A

■t^i^-S>«rvw^,».*IW'?P««WSwvSi?oii«»j«?^^

Fifth New York CavajuKv.

188

York had the advance. Flankers were seni out, and the
advance guard was placed in command of Ist Sergt. S. W.
Sortore, Company E, who moved boldly forward. Enter-
iiig the woods, which skirt the river, along whose banks
runs the road to Bowling Green, another road was found
turning to the right across the river, which the fleeing
Rebels had taken. The sergeant advanced to cross the
bridge, but found that a portion of it had been removed,
rendering it impassable. He had no sooner halted, than a
fatal bullet from a Rebel, concealed in the thicket beyond,
pierced his manly breast. In less than fifteen miuutes he
was dead. Wrapped up in his blanket, we buried him
under a beautiful swamp willow, only a few of his many
friends being permitted to assist in his burial. While this
was being done, the bridge had been rebuilt, companies A
and B had been sent out to drive the Rebels back and
picket this road, and the column had passed on toward
Bowling Green. A short halt was made m this pleas.:nt
little village; and the column moved again to Milford
Station, which was taken after a severe engagement. The
regiment behaved handsomely in this fight, which resulted
in the capture of six officers and sixty-si's privates, and the
dispersion of the entire force which guarded the station.
In the depot were found some stores of the Rebel quarter-
master and commissary, which were readily appropriated.

On the ground whence we had driven the enemy by hard
fighting, we built our bivouac fires and rested.

May 22d. About 3 p. M. we were ordered to New Bethel
Church, across the Mattapony, where we found excellent
grazing for our horses.

May 23J. "Boots and sadc^es" sounded at three o'clock.

' I*

1 .

•i&i>^,sifi;k;o#M>ii«';?.?;j^_,-4a:'.

«J^-MiA

184

IIiSToiiic Rkcoeds.

and by daylight the column was in motion, toward Hanover
Junction. Not fur from the North Anna river, just below
Mt. Carmel Church, the enemy in force was encountered.
A desperate fight ensued, which resulted in a general en-
gagement, during which the Rebels were driven from thoir
strong position along the North Anna. The battle contin-
ued till nine o'clock at night, ending with a terrible
cannonade.

May 2ith. We were ordered to the extreme right, where,
after crossing the North Anna, we had a flying skirmish
with the enemy's cavalry.

Mat/ 2bth. The regiment reconnoitred the enemy's po-
sition on the Little river. Fell back from the river to the
Virginia Central rail road, which our men are effectually
destroying. The fire of the ties, culverts and bridges makes
a line of lurid light along the evening sky.

May 26th. We rested in bivouac until about sundown,
when we were joined by the division, just returned from
Sheridan's great raid, which commenced with the opening
of the campaign. At night we skirmished with the enemy
at some of the upper fords of the Little river, and made a
feint of crossing. To complete the deception, fences, boards,
and everything inflamable within our reach, were set on
fire to give the appearance of a vast force, just building its
bivouac fires.

While we were thus making a feint of lively work on the
right, and keeping the attention of the enemy, General
Grant effected his third left flank movement, which brought
his base of supplies at W bite House Landing.

After the accomplishment of our stratagem we fell back,
crossed the North Anna river on a bri<lge, which we de-

toward Hanover
river, just below
jvas eucountered.
a a general en-
Iriven from tlunr
ho battle contiii-
with a terrible

me right, whore,
flying skirmish

the enemy's po-
i the river to the
sn are effectually
ind bridges makes

1 about sundown,
ist returned from
with the opening
1 with the enemy
river, and made a
on, fences, boards,
lach, were set on
just building its

lively work on the

3 enemy. General

•nt, which brought

ling.

igem we fell back,

ge, which we de-

„_. .i#»»v»»'»'»»--*«»«9ftp.f«aB|i>"--v/7i;io»:^^^^ f,, .ti-f....^-

"^^^^i^> ''**^r^ ?•

.Fifth Nkw York Cavalhy.

135

fitroyed behind us, and bivouacked, about two hours past
midnight,

Mdj/ 21th. Throe or four hours only had the weary boys
to rest, and the bugles sounded the advance. Over vast
jilains, generally thickly wooded, the column passed, and,
after seeini: the smoking ruins of Chesterfield Station, it
halted for another rest. As we travel from point to point
over this Old Dominion we are peculiarly impressed with the
viistness of its fijrests, which cover thousands of acres of as
fine arable land as can be found upon the continent. How
different is this from the impressions we had formed of
Virginia when reading of its early settlement, and of its
agricultural advantages. But when we look into its system
of land owning — wherein we find one individual monopo-
lizing a vast territory, — and into its worse system of labor,
we need search no further for the causes of this backward-
ness in agricultural pursuits. Who does not sincerely hope
that the time is at hand when the rich acres of this great
state shall be more properly divided among its inhabitants,
and, when freed from a burden and curse which has long
paralyzed their energies, instinct with new life and enter-
prise, the people will realize the true dignity of labor.
Then will the almost interminable forests disappear, and in
their places the industrious yeoman will behold his rich
fields of waving grain. Then too, along its now useless
.-streams and swift water courses, will spring up the factory
and the mill, whose fabrics will bring wealth and prospe-
rity io the nation.

May 2%th. Our march was resumed at an sarly hour, and
continued as usual through vast woods, with only here and
there a plantation. For want, of forage and rest, many

"'!.■

i 4

136

lllSTOUIC llKCORDb.

horHCH ).^ave out by the way. It is womlorful bow long tbeso
faitbl'ul animals carry tboir riders witb tbeir kit, oven after
overtaxation of muscles bos nearly destroyed tbem. Ou
they plod, fearful of being abandoned by their mates, until
strength has entirely departed, and they qu'vcr beneath
their load, and would fall, if not relieved.

On a march like this, these " played out " horses are
invariably shot, lest they might fall into the hands of the
enemy, and, in a few weeks of care, become serviceable.

The column halted for the night at a small settlement
called Mangohick, where a good rest was enjoyed.

Miiy 20th. A pleasant march brought us at an early hour
to Locust Grove, '^ar the Tamunkey river. Some corn was
foraged from tl --ounding country for our horses.

Mat/ 30//t. C -y, by almost constant fighting, our

noble army has been advancing through the enemy's
country, until to-day our artillery is plunging its shells
very near the door of the Rebel cupitol. Our forces have
taken possession of Mechanicsville, and established their
lines not far from Cold Harbor.

About ten A. M. the regiment was detailed to march to
Dunkirk, to guard a supply train, which was expected.
The journey was performed and the train brought in
before night. ^

May Slst. We moved early to Dabney's Ferry, where we
crossed the Pamunkey on pontoons, and advanced toward
Hanover Court House. The enemy's outer cavalry pickets
were encountered at Signal Hill, whence they were driven,
after a lively skirmish. Gen. Rosser, a Rebel cavalry
chieftain, here took a prominent position against us, " fight-
ing," in the language of his friends, " for his altars and his

il bow long those
ir kit, oven after
oyed them. On
:hcir mates, until
quivci" beneath

out " horses ore
the hands of the
.0 serviceable,
small sottleuient
snjoyed.

8 at an early hour
f. Some corn was

our horaes.
ant fighting, our
gh tho enemy's
unpins; its shells

Our forces have

established their

tailed to march to
3h was expected,
train brought ia

3 Ferry, where we
advanced toward
ter cavalry pickets
they were driven,
a llebel cavalry
against us, " fight-
• his altars and his

Fifth New York Cavalry.

187

fires." Ilis residence was in tlio neighborhood. So waa
also that of Gen. Wickbum, another llebel cavalryman.
After Hcuutiiig the neigiiborhood, and picketing the main
mads, till dark, tlio whole division was moved toward
Hanover Court House.

June Ist. Tho enemy strongly contested our advance,
and quite a skirmish was fought at the Court House. In
tiie early morning this force was driven, and the division
moved on to A.'<hlaiid Station on tho Virginia Central rail
road. The object of this move was to destroy the two rail
road bridges across the South Anna river. The second
brigade was sent to do th . work of destruction, while the
first was to eng:i the enemy. The plan succeeded, but a
fierce battle wnis fought at Ashland, by the first brigade.
Several times our boys were partially surrounded ; but the
ceaseless fire of their carbines and the grape and canister
of the artillery, mowed fearful gaps in the enemy's lines,
and strewed the ground with slain. While gallantly riding
up and down our lines, directing the operations and encour-
aging the men. Major White, of the Fifth, received a
dangerous wound through the body, which was feared would
prove fatal to his valuable life. Col. Hammond received a
bullet, which flattened upon his scabbard, but cracked the
bone just above the ankle joint. It was a narrow escape.
When the force fell back, Dr. Armstrong volunteered to
remain with Major White, who could not be removed. This
iioble act was never forgotten. Crowned with recent victory
the division returned to Signal Hill, and bivouackei^.

June 2d. After so hard fighting and marching the boys
very naturally expected a little rest. Well, they got a little,
and a vvry little rest it was. The time for an abundance of

138

Historic Records.

that luxury had not yet come. The day was spent broiling
under a scorching sun. At 5 p. M., just as rain began to
fall, the bugles sounded for another move. Compelled to
throw' away preparations for supper, which could not be
taken, we were soon in line waiting the word to march.
Tae rain fell faster, and a cold wind arose, which made the
prospect of a march through mud and darkness rather un-
pleasant. But wrapped up carefully in our rubber coats or
pcnchoes, the soldier's invaluable garments, from which
rolled the rain drops that pattered upon us, we were kept
comfortably dry and in tolerably good humor. However,
the march waa a hard one. We moved to Dabncy's Ferry,
and turned to the right down the river, arriving at Liuney's,
where we stopped, about 12 o'clock that night.

June Zd. About 10 A. M. firing was heard in the direc-
tion of Salem Church, and messengers soon announced that
the Rebel cavalry had advanced and attacked our pickets.
The division was immediately moved to the scene of action,
and the Rebels wf again beaten and repulsed in a fair open
field fight. They had the advantage of some hastily con-
structed breastworks, from which our men drove them with
a charge. In this fight was killed the gallant Col. Preston,
of *he Ist Vermont; and Col. Chamberlain, of the 8th New
York, was wounded. The regiment spent the night on
picket.

June ith. After we were relieved from picket, this morn-
ing, we bivouacked on an eminence called Mt. Pisgah.
Here a large mail was received.

June Qth. We have passed those few days pleasantly.
Our horses are improving on newly brou^lxt forage, and the
men rejoice in full rations. Bands of music have enter-

Fifth New York Cavalry.

139

s spent broiling
as rain begun to
. Compelled to
3h could not be

word to march,
which made the
;ness rather un-

rubber coats or
ts, from which
18, we were kept
mor. However,
Dabney's Ferry,
iving at Liuney's,
ght.
rd in the direo-

1 announced that
ked our pickets.

2 scene of action,
sed in a fair open
omc hastily con-
drove them with

lant Col. Preston,
n, of the 8th New
nt the night on

picket, this morn-
Ued Mt. Pisgah.

days pleasantly.
]i.t forage , and the
lusic have enter-

tained us with patriotic airs during our evening hours, and
wo liave gained new strength and inspiration for coming
labors.

Ileveill6 was sounded about daylight, arid the regiment
was marched to Old Church, whence we were sent to picket
aloTig the'Pamunkey.

June 1th. Continued all day on picket. The line? are
quiet and our work is pleasant.

June Ml. lldieved from picket by the 3d New Jersey
Cavalry, a regiment that has quite recently been assigned to
our brigade. The regiment moved near brigade r "adquar-
ters, and went into camp.

June 10th. The whole brigade was called out this after-
noon to repel an attack upon the pickets. After a brief
skirmish, the lines were reestablished and the brijiade
returned into camp. A brigade of colored troops occupy
Old Church. They have fortified themselves with strong
and beautifully constructed earthworks. They are fine
appearing soldiers.

Ju7ie 11th, The brigade was aroused by an early reveille,
and moved out toward Cold Harbor. At Shady Grove the
enemy's infantry was encountered, charged and driven into
their earthworks. Our boys behaved gallantly iu the
charge, some of them urging their horses over the fortifi-
c tions. A few of them never returned. The regiment
was in camp again about noon. The few days past have
presented signs of another flank movement.

June 12th. Wr were ordered on picket about three miles
from Old Church.

Jtme ISth. We began to withdraw our pickets about two
o'clock this morning, and an advance guard was pushed to
12

friTtk-irTlli-iii

140

Historic Records.

Allen's Mill. By daylight the whole brigade concentrated
there, and moved on through woods and fields, over deserted
camps and fortifications, making but a short halt for break-
fast. A few prisoners v/ere captured by our advance and
flankers. At noon we halted again a few minutes near
Ilupkiu's Mill on Black Creek. Our march was continued
across the Richmond and York river rail road, between
Dispatch and Summit Stations, and, about sundown, we
crossed the sluggish Chickahominy, on pontoons, at Long
Bridge. One can never forget the sombre appearance of
the dense and gigantic forest through which we passed,
known as the White Oak swamps. This name can never
be spoken without a shudder by those who have campaign-
ed it loi-;,' in these malarious woods.

When night came on we were ordered to be rear guard
of a large train. And, Oh ! deliver cavalfy from such a
job €%s this, especially when the roads are almost impassable,
and in the night. Our progress was exceedingly slow, and
had it been steady it would have been more tolerable. But
it was halt, advance, halt, advance, with this variety occur-
ring at every five or ten rods, and the halts were frequently
much longer than the advances. To relieve the tired horses,
wlien a halt occurred, some men would dismount, and sink-
ing to the ground through exhaustion, would quickly fall
asleep. With the utmost difficulty they were aroused when
the column moved. Others slept in their saddles, either
leaning forward on the pommel of the saddle, or sitting quite
erect, with an occasional bow forward, or *.o the right or left,
like the swaying of the flag on a signal station. The horse
of such a sleeping man will generally keep his place in the
column, and the m in will very seldom fall ; though occa-

■^^-■^v:^;:i?,

Ill 1 ;< li I »M iib«Li»i'«.fc^i»n.i«,aM'tr

»vv'

Fifth New York Cavalry.

141

e concentrated
3, over deserted
lialt for brcuk-
r advance and
minutes near
was continued
road, between
; sundown, we
itoons, at Long
3 appearance of
lich we passed,
lame can never
have canipaign-

0 be rear guard
Ify from such a
most impassable,
dingly slow, and
5 tolerable. But
lis variety occur-

1 were frequently
! the tired horses,
mount, and sink-
rould quickly fall
ere aroused when
}ir saddles, either
le, or sitting quite
) the right or left,
ation. The horse
p his place in the
all J though occa-

sionally this will happen, and the poor fellow tiwakes only
to find himself deep-set into a mud hole, while general mer-
riment is produced among the beholders. As no one is
hurt, the man is soon remounted, and the journey pursued.

With all these experiences we traveled until after mid-
night, and finally bivouacked and sought rest.

June \Aih. Four hours' rest was all we got, not half what
weary men needed. But to the bugle's shrill call every one
must answer. -After a very hasty meal the march was
again resumed, and we finally halted at Charles City Court
House, in sight of the flags and tents of army headquarters.
While resting here, by the crumbling walls and chimneys
of once opulent and tasty dwellings, we read in the scorched
trees and in the general desolation, a few pages of Rebellion's
record of sorrow. Having grazed our horses, and received
forage and rations, we moved back to St. Mary's church,
where we bivouack' 1 about eleven o'clock at night. So
near to us were tli' jnekets of the enemy that we were
ordered to V 'Id no fires, and the boys ate their supper
without the i' coffee.

Tune \bth. 'ILe division m ved by daybreak towari the
,'* hite Oak swamps. ^ beyond Smith's stoic, in the
edge of the swamps, a strong olunin of R> 'lel infanfry was
encountered. So masterly had been conducted this flank
movement across the James river, that the R< Is were
deceived as to its object. Expecting 'hat a strong force
would advance on Richmond by way * Malvern Hills, on
the north side of the James, they had sent a corresponding
force to meet it. It was this force which we met. A
hotly contested battle followed. Engageil ith numbers
far greater than our own, and infantry a ,.it, wo suffered a

it*"

' if'i'ii

i£»;&i

?■**<!*•.■ ,■

.■?>C*Tfift^'5yfaw(.' .

142

IlisTORic Records.

heavy losp and were compelled to fall back, which we did in
good order, bringing most of our dead and wounded from
the field. At St. Mary's Church was established a hospital,
and in the fields and woods adjoining, the division went
into bivouac. A heavy picket line was thrown out in the
direction of the swamps.

June \&th. The regiment was detailed on picket this
morning, where it remained all day. At night all the
pickets were withdrawn, and the division was moved to
Wyanoke Landing on the James, where we arrived after a
long, toilsome match, a few hours before day.

■f'^^^r^^lJZ

?liich we did in
wounded from
ihed a hospital,
! division went
own out in the

on picket this

t night all the

was moved to

arrived after a

»-ter-.^WSSEi1iff.;-Wj.r^c^a(giSi-8;3fc/flt?££;

CHAPTER IX.

CroBging the JamQS River. — Pleasant Scene. — The Wilson Raid. —
First Day. — Battle of Nottoway Court House. — The Danville
Railroad. — What we Destroyed. — The Contrabands. — Battle
of Reams Station.— The Swift Retreat— Awful Scenes.- The
Author's Personal Adventures. — Is Dismounted in the Woods. —
Travels by Night and Rtsts by Day.— Narrow Escapes. — Assist-
ed by Negroes. — Reaches our Lines Safely. — Casualties of the
Raid. — The Division Ships for Geisboro' Point, D. C. — June
nth to August 9th, 1864.

June nth. After about three hours' rest we were started
on the march again, and about a mile below Wyanoke, and
a little above Fort Powhatan, the division crossed the James
on a pontoon bridge. This was as pleasant a scene as we
had ever witnessed. The broad, smooth river, the crafts of
various kinds which had collected at this point and floated
BO quietly on the water, the long brid'^e, which, swayed by
the current of the stream, formed a gentle, graceful curve,
the long lines of cavalry slowly moving to the opfosite
shore, and, poured over all, the glad sunshine of tho Sab-
bath morning, presented a scene so much in contrast to
those rough experiences, through which we had just passed,
that every one was delighted, a short rest was enjoyed on
the southern bank, during which were issued forage and
rations. At three p. m , under a sweltering sun, our march
was resumed in the direction of Petersburg. Great destruc-

■J.e

M
m

m
m

'Iff*-

\iSS''

',ffl»

.r,,«|V,'#,<<tl^»(,;'.

144

Historic Records.

tion of property was visible on the march. People, frijrht-
eneJ by the advance of the Yankee army, had forsaken
their houses and fled. Such places were destroyed. Had
the inhabitants remained at home, the houses, at least,
would not have been molested. About sundown we passed
Prince George Court House and bivouacked about two
miles beyond. With great difficulty the boys obtained
water for their coffee, most of them being compelled to
take it from the tracks of the horses where they had been
led to watering, in the swamps near by.

June 18/A. The division moved early, in a southeasterly
direction, to the region of the Black Water swamps. The
regiment was sent on picket not far from Mt. Sin"i Church.
As the country abounded in milk, honey, corn, wheat, meat
and sorghum, the command lived well.

June 2\st, These days have been spent quietly on picket.
This afternoon an order was issued to prepare to move early
to-morrow morning.

June 22(1. About three o'clock A. M. Gen. Wilson's
division, reenforced by Gen. Kautz's brigade of cavalry
with fourteen pieces of flying artillery, including two
mountain howitzers, was ready for a raid. At a rapid rate,
principally through by-paths, and unfrequented ways, to
avoid any force of the enemy, the command advanced,
striking the Wcldon rail road at Reams Station. Here the
depot and about a mile of track were destroyed. This work
was quickly done, and we moved on in a westerly course to
Dinwiddie Court House, where we turned our faces north-
ward. At Gravelly Run a short halt was made and our
horses were watered. About sundown the Southside rail
road was reached a little west of Sutherlauds, and destruc-

-.-.^^■-'^--■^^f;-

m-'.^i.'S>L£itSm^^»^t.-i'^.,^£,V.-^^^:,-,-]^j^

Fifth New York Cavalry.

146

People, frijrht-
had foreakeu
jstroyefi. Had
)uses, at least,
lown we passed
ked about two
boys obtained
I compelled to
they had been

a southeasterly
: swamps. The
t. Sinni Church.
)rn, wheat, meat

uietly on picket,
re to move early

Gen. Wilson's
gade of cavalry

including two
At a rapid rate,
uented ways, to
mand advanced,
ation. Ilere the
oyed. This work
'esterly course to
1 our faces north-
as made and our
he Southside rail
uds, and destruc-

tion of ties, rails, culverts, bridges, &o., began in earnest.
The night was soon illuminated by the destroying fires.
Our march now lay along the rail road, and was continued as
far as Ford's, where we halted about eleven p. M., after
capturing two trains, one passenger and one freight. The
engines, having been set on fire by means of rails and
boards piled around them, made the night hideous with
their unearthly shrieks, which continued for several hours,
disturbing the rest, which, weary and sleepy, we sought in
vain to enjoy.

June 23<i, At early light we were on the move again,
engaged in the work of destruction. The great heat and
drought were very favorable to our enterprise, though men
and beasts sufiered much for the want of water. A few
rails or sticks of wood laid along the track and ignited, suf-
ficed to make the destruction complete. Here and there the
road was torn up, the ties heaped together and set on fire,
while the iron rails were laid crosswise upon the burning
piles. They were thus efiectually destroyed. Telegraph
posts were cut down, and the wire was twisted and broken.
One regiment after another was detailed to perform this labor,
and such was the wisdom of the arrangement, that the main
column was not impeded in its progress, while the work
was going on. Uninterrupted in our progress, we advanced,
beyond Blacks and Whites, crossed the Little Nottoway
creek, and encountered the enemy in pretty strong force,
not far from Nottoway Court House. Intent on harassing
our column, the enemy engaged us with spirit and determi-
nation. The battle continued until about eleven p. m. The
regiment was on the skirmish line and fought with its usual
vigor. While the main force of the enemy was here.en-

I '.,ti

■<rl: .

• ;-f''''"**^>'i!®^f

146

HrsTOHic Records.

gapped, a feebler attack was made on our rear guiird at
Blacks and Whites. Meanwhile, Gen. Kautz, who had been
detached during the night from the main column at Ford's,
hud made a successful detour around the enemy, who vainly
supposed he was fighting the whole force of raiders at Not-
toway, and without opposition, was destroying the junction
of rail roads at Burkesville. Thus far Gen Wilson's plana
had worked admirably, and success followed in our train.

June 24</t. As our object was not to fight the enemy un-
less compelled to do so for defense, and, having driven him
as far from our line of march as suited our purpose, wo
abandoned this road, and struck out through the country by
Hungrytown, and reached the Danville rail road at Meher-
rin Station about four o'clock p. M. Here Gen. Kautz
rejoined the division, and the whole force bent its energies
to the destruction of this important thoroughfare. The
work was comparatively easy, owing to the peculiar con-
struction of the road. Across the ties a heavy timber,
generally of pine, is notched in and fastened, upon which
lie the rails, — thin pieces of iron similar to the tire of a
heavy wagon wheel. The labor of tearing up and burning
could be done in half the time it would take on the ordinary
roads. Decidedly encouraged by such advantages, the boys
applied themselves faithfully to the accomplishment of their
task. Every foot of the road was destroyed from Meherrin
to Keysville, where we arrived about eleven p. M. and
bivouacked.

June 25<A. The Keysville depot and a store near by it
were burned this morning. The day has been very warm.
Many horses "played out" by the way. They were invari-
ably shot, and replaced by horses and mules captured in the

,;,; r-f''"«!'»;J'iK-f' ■'";■:

Fifth New Youk Cavalry.

147

ur rear guard at
atz, who had bcea
column at Ford's,
nenty, who vainly
3f raiders at Not-
ying the junction
m Wilson's plana
id in our train.
;ht the enemy un-
aving driven him

our purpose, we
gh the country by
lil road at Meher-
[lere Gen. Kautz
e bent ita energies
loroughfare. The
the peculiar con-

a heavy timber,
tened, upon which
' to the tire of a
ig up and burning
ke on the ordinary
vantages, the boys
iplishment of their
ed from Meherrin
eleven p. M. and

i store near by it
s been very warm.
They were invari-
ies captured in the

country. Scouting parties and flankers are constantly re-
pleuishinj,' the column with installments of fresh, fat animals,
which the people have not the time or adroitness to hide
from the swift-moving Yankees. This afternoon our ad-
vance, commanded by Gen. Kautz, reached the Staunton
liver, and made a desperate assault upon the force guarding
tiie rail road bridge. For a time there was a promise of
success, and our men took possession of the bridge, but
before the torch oould be eflFectually applied they were com-
pelled to fall back before murderous discharges of grape
and canister from a Rebel battery. The project of destroy-
ing this valuable bridge had to be abandoned. In the
vicinity of lloanoke Station, the division bivouacked late
at night.

June 26</t. Up to this time, including Roanoke Station,
we had burned ten important stations, and several smaller
depots. About fifty miles of rail road track, including
several bridges and culverts, had been completely destroyed.
Though we had lost many horses, our numbers were made
good from our captures by the way. Our column had been
reenforcod 6y hundreds of contrabands, who flocked to our
banners from the country far and near. Our loss of men
had been very slight, and mostly in wounded and captured.
Our train had been enlarged by the addition of several fine
carriages and barouches, in which our worst cases of sick
and wounded were carried. Our tout ensemble was encour-
aging, and though far out in the enemy's country, hopes
were entertained of a safe and speedy return. Ji'rom Roa-
noke Station the column moved before daylight, in a south-
easterly direction, by Wylliesburgh, and thence to Christian-
ville, a fine little village, where was found a great abundance

148

Historic Records.

of corn for our horses. From this place our course wns ili-
rcctly " facing tho enst," aud about cloven r. M. wo halted for
rest along a nearly dried up stream called Buckhorn creek.

June 27th, Our journey was resumed early, and at ten
A. M. we crossed the Mcherrin river at Stafford's Bridjje
Our course bearing a little to the north, brought us at night,
after receiving a refreshing shower, in the vicinity of Siur-
geonville, where we halted

June 2Sth. As usual we were in the saddle before tho
lawn, and on our march homeward. About twelve M. wo
crossed the Nottoway river at Double Bridges. Our course
■now became a little more northward, and contrabands
flocked to us in unusual numbers. There was no end of
the interesting tales they had to tell, which, at times, excited
our admiration, and then incited to tears. To us most of
them came destitute of all things, except the hope of liberty.
This was the circle of all their thoughts. For this the
gray-haired slave, bending with the infimities of many toil-
some yeara, was " toting" his grandchild on his arm and on
his head by turns, along the column. The mother, with
her young babe clinging to her breast, traveled through
the woods and brush, the heat and dust, hoping for better
days. Young men and maidens, with more of the European
than the African in their features and complexion, plodded on
their way, happy to be among those whom they recoguiEed
as their deliverers.

At night the column encountered a heavy force of Rebel
infantry at Stony Creek Station on the Weldon rail road.
All night the battle raged fiercely, with only now and then
an interval of rest. Those who were not engaged on the
battle line were compelled to stand to horse, and to shiver

Jb'u-TH New Youk Cvvalrv:

149

ir coursf wns di-
M. WO halted iVir
Buckhorn creek,
iarly, and at ten
Stafford's Brid.no
mglitusat niglit,
vicinity of Siur-

addle before tlio
)ut twelve M. wo
jes. Our course
ind contrabands
e was no end of
, at times, excited
To us most of
he hope of liberty.
ts. For this the
ties of many toil-
m his arm and on
fhe mother, with
traveled through
hoping for better
1 of the European
lexion, plodded on
\ they recognized

vy force of Rebel
Weldon rail road,
nly now and then
it engaged on the
)rsc, and to shiver

with the cold, which was peculiarly felt in that locality, Tt
waa an awful night of fatigue and doubt.

June '^dth. Before the dawn of day Gen. Wilson moved
forward such a portion of his force as ho thought might bo
spared from the skirmish line, leaving tho second brigade to
bring up the rear. The enemy made a desperate charge on
tiiis brigade, which threatened it with annihilation A
large number fell into the enemy's hands, and the remainder
were thrown into much confusion, but es-caped. About ten
A. M. tho whole command was within three or four miles of
llearas Station, on ground made familiar by our outward
pfwsage just one week previous. It was hoped that assist-
ance would be rendered us by our main army, as we were
not far from its left wing. This had been promised us by
Qeu. Meade. But assistance failed to come in time.

Regiments were deployed to ascertain the position and
strength of the enemy. It was soon found that he was not
only able to resist our passage, but also to surround and
annihilate us if we remained long within his reach. At
noon orders were issued to abandon the entire train. Forges
and wagons were burned, and the ambulance train was
parked near the banks of Rowanty creek, and hospital
flags placed over it. All wounded and sick who could ride
were mounted; all others must be left behind. It was a sud
hour. Never had the boom of cannon sounded more
solemnly.

The advance of the retreating column moved about one
mile from the ambulances and there awaited orders. The
road was literally packed, and for rods in the woods on either
side, wherever a man could ride, was a mass of human
beings with anxious, throbbing hearts. About three o'clock

150

Historic Records.

Gen. Wilson passed through the column, though it was diffi-
cult to make a wuy for him, and us soon as lie reached the
front the entire crowd moved forward. What followed can-
not be described. Think of such a force of cavalry, at the
utmost speed of their horses, over a road with six inches of
dust in places, on one of the warmest, sultriest days ! There,
too, were the contrabands mostly dismounted, men, women
and children, who knew that to be captured was death, oi
worse than death ! It was well, perhaps, that the blinding
dust should partially hide the scone from view.

No halt was made until we came to Stony creek, a dis-
tance of five or six miles from llowanty. Here the creek
is quite deep, and the bunks rocky and precipitous. The
bridge is very narrow. It was hoped that no heavy force
of the enemy had followed us. The scattered fragments of
regiments were called together, with design to hold the
bridge. The men were almost completely demoralized, at
least one third having either thrown away or lost their arms
in the flight. Scarcely had the work of reorganization been
completed, when the pursuing foe, with cavalry and artil-
lery, came upon us. Wo wore in no condition to resist him,
though some men fought bravely. Panic-stricken, nearly
all soon broke ranks, and fled as best they could. And
such a sight! . Down the steep banks of the creek, men
urged their weary steeds, until they fell headlong into the
splashing water. Some were pushed off the bridge, falling
on others in the stream. Men and horses mingled in al-
most every conceivable shape, struggled to reach the oppo-
site bank, while bullets whizzed among the trees, and shells
screamed over our heads. (Diverging from the main tenor
of this narrative at this point, the author wishes to give a

Fifth New Youk Cavalry.

161

a^h it was diffi-
lie reuclied tliu
at followed cuii-
' cavalry, at the
th six inches ut'
t days I There,
ed, men, women
td was death, oi
[lat the blinding
ew.

my creek, a dis-
Here the creek
recipitous. The
no heavy force
•ed fragments of
ign t« hold the
f demoralized, at
)r lost their arms
irganizatiun been
avulry and artil-
ion to resist him,
3-8tricken, nearly
ley could. And
' the creek, men
eadlong into the
lie bridge, falling
es mingled in al-
I reach the oppo-
) trees, and shells
m the main tenor
wishes to give a

few days of personal adventures and experiences. He is
coiistraini'il to do this, as it will represent, in the main,
the experience of hundreds of others).

Driving down as far as my horse would go without fall-
ing, I dismounted, and, as I knew the animal could not
carry mo much further on account of exhaustion and lame-
ness, I concluded to leave him. Down the crevice of the
ro'jks near the water's edge, I reached a retreat safe from
fulling horses iin4 flying bullets, and, for a moment, thought,
/ will surrender. But I had tasted the prisoner's bitter
cup, and I resolved to go forward so long as I could put
one foot before the other. I stepped into the stream, with
water to my waist. Near the opposite bank the water was
deeper, and, striking a slimy log on the bottom, I fell prone
into it. Struggling toward the shore, the branch of an
overhanging tree caught my hat ajid, flung it down the
stream. At length upon dry ground I stood, a sorry picture
of a sorry Yankee, weak from exhaustion, heavy with water
in my clothes and boots, and hatless ! liaising my right
foot by the toe of my big boot, I poured out the water at
the knee, and while endeavoring to do the same thing with
my left boot, I beheld a large riderless bay horse, rising
from the creek and coming toward me. I seized him by
the bridle and mounted into the saddle, joining the column
with new hope.

This horse belonged to the 1st District of Columbia cav-
alry, as I knew by the sixteen shooter that he carried. I
had not gone far before I discovered that he was nearly
exhausted, and would soon give out. While reflecting on
my own wretchedness, I saw a man a little to the left of
the column, riding a mule that had neither saddle nor bri-
13 lO

l'62

Historic Eecords.

! I

die, aud the man himself had nothing on hut an army rhirt i
I was compelled to laugh in spite of myself, aud soon
became willing to be hatless and destitut ,. I had cut away
all the baggage from the saddle, to make the burdf n of my
horse as light as possible. However, on arriving near Sap-
pony creek, he failed me completely. Two men of the
regiment, Charles T. S. Pierco, company G, and Oscar L.
Bardeu, company B, were near me at the time. Their
horses were nearly m the condition of mine. We resolved
to share each other's fate, to leave the column, and on foot,
by night marches, to reach our lines if possible. We were
in a dense forest. Imploring Dime aid in our hazardous
journey, we moved about a mile from the road, and stopped
for the night among thick bushes. We heard the rear of
our column as it passed Sappony bridge, we also heard the
pursuers, who fired into the woods in every direction, but
we were quiet and safe.

Ju7ie. SOth. We suffered from the chill of the night.
The day has been spent in Wood-tick bivouac, so named
from the numberless wood-ticks that Lave infested the
place. N thing but a wild pig, with which these forests
abound, came near our resting place. We are not much
burdened with luggage, having but one overcoat, two pon-
choes, two haversacks and one canteen. I have a good map,
but we have no compaas. We have also matches and ink. I
carry my journal and Greek Testament, Pierce carries a
Bible and Hymn book and Barden has thread and needles.
Our store of eatables consists of about a half pint of rice, a
quarter pound of coffee and sugar mixed (no cup to cook
these in), five pounds of flour and a little salt.

As soon as night came on we began to travel, guided by

I'lFTH New York Cavalry.

153

,t an army rbirt i
yself, aud soon
I had cut away
le burden of my
riving near Sap-
?wo men of the
G, and Oscar L.
iie time. Their
B. We resolved
mn, and on foot,
sible. We were
a. our hazardous
road, and stopped
jard the rear of
Tie also heard the
jry direction, but

11 of the night,
vouac, so named
ave infested the
ich these forests
Ve are not much
ivercoat, two pon-
have a good map,
atehes and ink. I
Pierce carries a
iread and needles,
lalf pint of rice, a
(no cup to cook
salt,
travel, guided by

the stars, which here and there peeped through the thick
foliage of the forest. Our course was northeast. At eleven
o'clock we came to Sappony creek, which we crossed
yesterday. Bad as was the water, we drank of it freely,
liaving had but one canteen of water since yesterday about
seven v. M. Here we mixed about half of our flour into
dough. Fearful that if we built a fire we might be disco-
vered by the scouting parties that were hunting for us, we
repaired to a deep rapine, skirted with many bushes, where
we made a small fire of dry sticks and leaves, on which we
laid our dough which was smoked and charred horribly.
This was our only staff of life, and all we h»d to eat for
nearly forty-eight hours. Thus ended with .us the month
of June on the banks of the muddy Sappqay.

July 1st. About one o'clock A. M. we crossed the Sappony
on a fallen tree. We afterward traveled as rapidly as we
could, through swamps, tangled brushwood and briars, occa-
sionally through a field, until daylight, when we sought the
shelter of tall, thick-grown brackberry briars, in the edge
of a field. At nine o'clock p. M. we came out of our hiding
and resting place, and moved on as the night before.
Emerging from a thick wood, we came upon a herd of
cows in a yard, where we vainly sought to get some milk.
As they were doubtless accustomed to be milked by women,
as are cows generally in Virginia, we could not approach
them. Following a footpath we found a cherry tree with
cherries, which relished well. . But we had no sooner com-
menced regaling ourselves, than a tall, heavy, shadowy man
dressed in light gray, was moving toward us up the path.
On discovering us he moved away rapidly. We traveled on
probably quite as rapidly as he, as we soon saw that the

■ijUi.Ui_3m«ti"iiWMj<>'i:i iiiiiiiili I' "' ' "'■'■"■""'•'"'""■' ' icffi'ii- II ''I'll M 11.11- •

154

Historic Records.

nei<'hborliood had been alarmed. Lights were seen at the
houses, and dogs made hideous howlings. With terrible
pictures of blood-hounds before our thoughts, we quickened
our steps. This danger passed, and we were thankful; and
our joy was still more increased, when, led by the voice of ^
sinTino- frogs, w:) found excellent water in a field. On
leaving this place of refreshing we entered the woods under
a beautiful arch of foliage and soon came to Stony creek.
Laying aside our garments, and rolling them up in tight
bundles, we crossed safely oyer. The water was about four
and a half feet deep.

Ju?y 2d. About three A. M. we came in sight of several
picket fires just ahead of us. We flanked them by turning
to the left. At daybreak we came into a large field, and
sought refuge in a thicket, though not far from a house.
We had but just fallen asleep, when we were aroused by
footsteps approaching and voices distinctly heard. Soon
the black faces of two slaves appeared through the bushes.
This "ave us hope. One of them afterward disappeared,
the other continued coming toward us. Before he had seen
us, I spoke at a high whisper, " come here," when his big
black eye, with its surrounding pure white, fell excitedly
upon us.

"You're not afraid of Yankee soldiers, are you?" I inter-
rogated.

" Oh, no, massa," and he walked up by our side.

" What's your name ?"

"Tom."

" Tom what ? Have you no other name ?"

" Dunne, massa, dey allers calls me Tom."

<' Well, who lives here ?

'^iS&'V.'^'j^.jfCvi^. ;■

Fifth New York Cavalry.

155

rere seen at the
With terrible
i, we quickened
B thankful; antl
by the voice of ^
in a field. On
the woods under
to Stony creek.
;m up in tight
was about lour

sight of several
them by turning
large field, and
r from a house,
'ere aroused by
y heard. Soon
(Ugh the bushes.
ird disappeared,
fore he had seen
," when his big
e, fell excitedly

•e you ?" I inter-

)ur side.

" Major Malone, whose son is in the Rebel army."

" IIow far is it to Reams Station ?"

"Two miles an' half."

We no'^saw that we were in a critical position, within
the Rebel army lines, and on the premises of a prominent
Rebel. From Tom we learned that Rebel soldiers frequently
came to the house during the day, though not generally at
night. He promised to get us some bread, which he did,
for which we gave him some money. He also promised
to guide us at night across a ford of Rowanty creek, by a
way that would soon lead us across the Weldon rail road.
The time set for starting was nine o'clock. During the
day several cavalrymen were seen passing on the road,
which, at one point, was visible to us, and, at one time, a
cavalryman rode directly toward us, stopping only a few
paces from us. We could hear the breathings of his
horse, as we lay almost breathless, on the ground. In this
condition we longed for the night. It came at length, but
with it came no Tom, for what reason we never learned.
This was a sore disappointment.

Jitli/ '6d. Having waited for Tom, in vain, until after
midnight, we finally started, guided only by the stars.
Rowanty creek was soon reached, but at a place so wide
and apparently deep, that we durst not undertake to ford.
We followed it, until day brought us into a large, muddy
dismal swamp. We crossed as we had done at Stony creek.
After retiring in the depths of the swamp, we kindled a fire
at the roots of an ancient oak, and cooked the last flour we
had into bread. Until evening we remained in the swamp,
disturbed now and then by the cries of wild hogs, eagles
and foxes. When darkness came we moved out of the

'' " -'■ rV- nil 111 miitiiiTii iTi T^'V/"'^'''''' ' •^V^-'. g'-"'" •■'•;»^'-'

156

Historic liEcoiiDS.

■f

woods, passed by a farm house, and, having crossed a well
traveled road, arrived at the Wcldon rail road. This was
at a deep cut, where we could not cross. A picket fire
could be distinctly seen at our left. Rapidly we followed
the road to the right, until, coming to a depression in the
bank, we slid down to the track below. We now found the
opposite bank too steep and high to climb. Undaunted, we
moved on along the track, and found a place, where, by
means of bushes and roots of trees, we got out of this dan-
gerous spot. After traveling a few hours the heavens
became overcast with clouds, and we were compelled to
advance by guess, and finally to stop altogether.

July 4th. We had waited for the morning sun in vain,
for clouds so obscured the light as to render the points of
the compass very doubtful. However, as we had lost time
during the night, we concluded to travel as best we could.
Along a swamp we found some ripe berries, which we en-
joyed. We had not marched long before two Rebel soldiers
were seen advancing in a path that would intersect ours at
no great distance. We were quickly hidden under the
bushes, which abounded. While the boys slept I made a
short reeonnoissance, in which I ascertained that we were
only a stone's throw from the Weldon rail road again, and
near the picket post, whose fire it was probable we had seen
the night before. Cautiously we moved out of this place,
and continued through the woods to a plantation. In a
cornfield a negress was at work. Of her we inquired for
direction. Said I, "which way is east?"

"Dunno, mossa."

" Which way is west ?"

A like answer.

Fifth New York Cavalry.

157

crossed a well
id. This was
A picket fire
y we followed
jression in the
now found the
Undaunted, we
ace, where, by
lut of this dan-
's the heavens
8 compelled to
ler.

ig sun in vain,
ir the points of
e had lost time
best we could.
3, which we eu-
ro Rebel soldiers
intersect ours at
iden under the
slept I made a
}d that we were
road again, and
ible we had seen
lUt of this place,
lantation. In a
' we inquired for

" Well, where does the sun rise ?"

" There," pointing with her finger.

Her master's name was John Slay. Beyond that she
seemed to know very little.

Our next point of interest was the Jerusalem Plank Road.
While standing in the edge of the woods, consulting as to
whether it were best to travel much more by day, out rode
from the thick forest a cavalryman, whose giugling sabre
and accoutrements bespoke danger to unarmed men. He
rode quite rapidly by, within three rods of us, and we
rejoiced to have escaped his observation. As he disap-
peared we lost no time in seeking a quiet, secluded spot,
where we waited for the night. Night came on with bright
stars, and we journeyed joyfully. At nine p. M. we arrived
at another plantation. A light was seen through the cre-
vices of a log shanty, and the low voices from within were
taken for those of negroes. I knocked at the door, and a
voice said, "come in." Opening the low door, I invited a
pure African out, and learned that there were none but
slaves present. With haste the women began to prepare ua
some supper, while we waited without. We were soon
invited in, and sat down to a dish of fried pork and corn
bread hot from the ashes, to which we did ample justice.
This was the first meat we had tasted since the morning of
June 29th. After supper we paid them well, their eyes
sparkling with delight. From them I obtained a hat. The
faithful man Alison then guided us through Jonds' Hole
Sw^p, and we crossed thti .Jerusalem Plunk Road near Dr.
Proctor's. Alison then left us, wishing us all prosperity,
and returned to his master, Fred Raines.

July 5th. We traveled spme during the morning at the

;;t''.*T .-'■'w -;5'.*',f-»',i;>t4i)ai(«j«-^-if.7,-»,..

158

Historic Rkcokdd.

ii ,'.

right of the phmk road, and rested but little durinj^ the
day. At STi.idown we made inquiries of some colored people,
and of a Union white man, a rare article in that part of
Virginia, who informed U3 that our pickets were only about
three miles ahead of us near Lee's Mills, and that the
country abounded with guerrillas. We were cautioned to keep
in the woods and avoid the road. V/hen darkness came,
we advanced. Weary of briars and busUes, on reaching the
road, we followed it, carefully watching every suspicious
object. Soon something was seen moving ahead of us,
which was afterward discovered to be a man. Hoping it
might be one of our own men, we quickened our footsteps,
and on overtaking him, what was our surprise to find him
to be a Rebel soldier, with his musket on his shoulder.
My first thought was : this is doubtless a guerrilla, and
though alone, by a whistle or other signal, up will spring
from the thick bushes along the way as many helpers as ho
desires. However, I knew that alone he could not harm us
materially, as we walked up by his side, so near that he
could not take his musket down, before we could seize him.
On approaching him, he turned his head about, and said,
" You're Yankees, I reckon." We made no reply but
walked on in sad silence. On making a turn in the road wo
came in sight of several fires. I broke the oppressive
silence by saying, " There's a Yankee camp, I think."
" Yes," replied the stranger, "and there's a Yankee picket
just ahead of us, and I am going to give myself up to them
as a prisoner." The vail was at once lifteid from our pros-
pect, and we entered into a friendly conversation. I found
that he belonged to the 2d North Carolina cavalry, and had
come from IJcants Station, since our ught there. While

y^->^''-*.p"

•Fifth Nkw Yokk Cavalry.

159

little during; the
le colored people,
B in that part of
1 were only about
Is, and that the
cautioned to keep
I darkness came,
s, on reaching the

every suspicious
ng ahead of us,

man. Hoping it
sued our footsteps,
•prise to find him

on his shoulder.
8 a guerrilla, and
al, up will spring
nany helpers as he

could not harm us
I, so near that he
ve could seize him.
d about, and said,
lade no reply but
turn in the road wo
)ke the oppressive
B camp, I think."
'b a Yankee picket
5 myself up to them
fteid from our pros-
versation. I found
na cavalry, and had
dght there. While

conversing together, wo suddenly came to a stop, at the cry :
" Halt '. Who comes there ?" " Friends," cried I. We
were soon safely, with our Rebel friend, within the lines of
the 3d New Jersey cavalry, where we found old acquaint-
ances, and received all proper attention.

Almost completely exhausted, we were gladly welcomed
to tbe leafy abodes of our old comrades, where we enjoyed
full rations and undisturbed sleep.

Jiili/ Sth. We reached the regiment, encamped near
Light House Point, this afternoon. From them we learned
that June 29th, Gen. Wilson retreated south to Jurrett's
Station, crossed the rail road, then by an east, northeast,
north course, reached our lines after two or three days. Gen.
Kautz, more familiar with the country, struck through the
woods north of Stony creek, reaching our lines the morn-
ing of the 30th. The loss of the command was nearly one
thousand men (mostly captured), with the whole artillery
and train. Nothing was saved that went on wheels. The
loss is less than had been feared, as many, who were account-
ed lost, afterward came in as did the writer of these lines.

Juli/ I2th. As it needed it, the cavalry has been recruit-
ing its energies in quiet camps for several days. However,
many of our men were disabled by the raid and have been
sent to hospitals, and many dismounted fellows have gone
to Camp Stoneman, at Geisboro' Point, D. C. These latter,
numbering a little less than one hundred, were engaged
in those memorable battles and skirmishes with the Rebel
invaders of Maryland and the Jistrict of Columbia, com-
mencing with the battle of Maryland Heights, July 6th,
and ending with the battle of Kernstown, the 24th, at
which time Col. Mullignn was killed.

^.j ;•

IGO

Historic Records.

What remained of the regiment with the division, was
sent out at half past three P. M., to picket along Powell'a
creek at Cooke'd Mill, several miles down the river. This
duty was very easy.

July Ibth. Wo were relieved from picket, and returned
to camp again near Light House Point.

Juli/ 25th. The brigade moved at dusk, to the picket
lines at the Gurley House, nearly south of Petersburg. The
regiment went on duty, after arriving, establishing its lines
nearly parallel with the Weldon rail road. We found the
Rebel pickets very quiet and friendly, and a pleasant inter-
course was enjoyed.

Juli/ 30th. The dawn was ushered in with a terrible
explosion and cannonade, making the earth tremble beneath
our feet. To these was added a rapid musketry. Expecting
an attack, the cavalry withdrew its pickets, and made pre-
paration for any emergency. The enemy did not make his
appearance on our front. Our infantry lines were engaged
for several hours, but the great mine explosion ended very
disastrously to our cause, with a loss of many men. Wa
returned on picket at night.

August 1st. We were relieved from picket, and went into
camp near brigade headquarters.

August bth. For some days the first division of cavalry
has been leaving this department, and taking transports for
Camp Stoneman, District of Columbia. This morning the
third division received orders to march to City Point, where
we were embarked on transports, with our horses. This
was a slow, toilsome job. It was nine o'clock p. M. before
we were aboard.

August %th. The men have enjoyed the day's sail, down

■iFi-VE^^'^Sr*^'^!;^^-'''^-^-^'' -"'

(j5if«;'».-'«?,'''i»w'\;'

the division, was
it along Powell's
I the river. This

:ot, and returned

sk, to the picket
' Petersburg. The
tablisbing its lines
d. We found the
d a pleasant inter-

n with a terrible
th tremble beneath
sketry. Expecting
3ts, and made pre-
r did not make his
lines were engaged
ilosion ended very
' many men. Wa

sket, and went into

iivision of cavalry
iking transports for
This morning the
a City Point, where
I our horses. This
o'clock p. M. before

he day's sail, down

Fifth New York Cavaluy.

161

the James, up Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac, to Kettle
Bottom, where we cast anchor for the night.

August 7th. We weighed anchor at early light, and about
three P. M. we were landed at Geisboro' Point. We went
into camp near Camp Stoneman.

August 9th. The boys were made glad by the presence of
the paymaster and his greenbacks. Our time is mostly
occupied in exchanging our poor horses for good ones, and
remounting our dismounted men. This looks like work
ahead for the cavalry.

CHAPTER X.

1.1

To the Sbcnfimlofth Valley. — Exciting Scene in Snicker's Gap. —
Battle of Summit Point. — Hattle of Kearneysville Station. —
Cro.s8inj{into Maryland. — Old John Urown air in Charlestown. —
Skirmislics near the Opoquau. — Battle of Winchester. — Drive
the Enemy through Front Royal. — Up Luray Valley. — Raid
to Staunton and Waynesboro'. — Cavalry Fight at Tom's Brook. —
Ba(tle of Codar Creek. — Sheridan's Ride. — Unparalleled Cap-
tures by the Regiment. — Gen. Custer's Congratulatory Order. —
Keooiinoisaance to Rood's Hill. — Spirited Engagement near Mt.
J .ckson. — Regiment Detailed Escort of General Sheridan. —
The Fruit of Sheridan's Work in the Valley. —August 12ih to
December 8Ut, 1864.

Augimt I2th. Orders were issued to the division, to bo
ready to move at sundown to its new field of duty. At
the appointed hour the bugles were ringing clearly, and
the rested cavalrymen were soon gladly on the march. It
was after nine o'clock before these well equipped and tho-
roughly disciplined squadrons had traversed the streets df
the .vtion's iipital, laden with the hopes of every loyal
heart. We were now to enter upon a field of operations
the glory of which would eclipse all that the cavalry had
yet accomplished.

Until eleven o'clock we continued our march up the Poto-
mac to Chain Bridge, where we crossed into Virginia again,
and bivouacked about three miles from the river.

Aiiiju^f IStJi. Before daylight the n^iximent was detailed

Fifth Xew York Cavalhv.

1G3

ne in Snicker's Gap. —
larneysville Station. —
D air in Charlestown.—
}f Winchester. —Drive
Luray Valley. — Raid
Fight at Tom's Brook. —
e. — Unparalleled Cap-
ongratulatory Order. —
d Engagement near Mt.
f General Sheridan. —
alley. —Auguit 12th to

the division, to bo
w field of duty. At

ringing clearly, and
lly on the march. It
3II equipped and tho-
.verscd the streeta of

hopes of every loyal
a field of operations
I that the cavalry had

ur march up the Poto-
>d into Virginia again,
in the river,
ro^iment was detailed

to escort Col. Chipnian, a dispatch bearer to Gonciul
Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley. Great spec<i was
neoessary, and the regiment moved accordingly. 'I'liu
line ol' march led us through PraincMville, Leesburg,
Hamilton, Purcelville and Snicker's Gap. A very brief
halt was made near Goose creek, where we forded in pretty
deep water. Near Lcesburg a slight attack was inade on
(lur rearguard by a squad of White's guerrillas, who were
easily dispersed

IJofore reaching Snicker's Gap, we were informed by
the inhabitants, that Mosby with a strong force was in
the vicinity. We expected to meet him in the gap. It
was night, and not a breath of air stirred the heavy foliage
of the trees. No sound was heard save the song of the
katydid and the heavy trcnip of our horses on th» hard
road. The moon shone brigli ly, flooding the mountain tops
with her silvery beams. The woods wore that sombre,
weird appearance, so often spoken of in fairy tales. Our
feelings were (ioubly excited by the expectation, that from
the shady nooks or dark crevices of the rocks, would flash
the deadly weapons of our enemy. But our passage was
performed without meeting him. Prom the summit of
the gap, the Shenandoah Valley, filled with the hazy light
of the moon, presented a scene that was perfectly enchant-
ing. We forded the broad shining Shenandoah 'river, at
Snicker's Ferry. Near Berryville we saw the burning
remains of a supply train which Mosby had captured and
destroyed that day. We entered within our lines near the
Opequan creek, and, tired and sleepy, we halted about three
A. M. within two miles of Winchester. This was the
longest march ever performed by the regiment in the same
ii

•yy

164

Historic Records.

I ': k

tiiiio : we hud trave)e<l about Hcventy-fivo miles in twenly-
two bourn.

August \Alh. Tbis afternoon wo moved througb Win-
cboBter, to Milltown, and camped near tbe creeic.

Auguit \Qth. Reveille sounded before daylight, and,
breaking camp, at sunrise, we moved to Borryville. Hero
we joined the division, with which wo moved toward
Ashby's Gap, marching till midnight.

August nth. Moved through White Post, and back to
Winchester. Gen. Sheridan's army was falling back from
Cedar creek. The third division was detailed to picket the
main roads, which centre at Winchester and to bring up
the rear of the army. The Fifth was sent on the Ilomney
pike to Petticoat Gao. The picketing was quiet until dark.
The Rebels now advanced upon us at nearly every point.
From a high hill near Milltown, our artillery opened upon
the advancing column of the enemy. In consequence of
our line's retreating on the Valley pike, before we could
be apprised of the fact, the Rebels entered the town, thus
flanking us completely. No time was lost, however, in full-
ing back over the hills, northwest of town, passing through
the embankments of Fort Milroy. We rejoined our forces
on the plains below, and together we continued retreating
toward Summit Point, on a dirt road, east of the pike.
About midnight we halted for rest not far from Wadesville.

August ISth. The column was set in motion early, and a
heavy rain came down upon us. The division halted at
Summit Point, and the regiment was sent back to picket
along the Opequan.

August 19th. Our boys on picket were attacked by a
strong party of Rebel cavalry, and forced back nearly two

I miles in twenty-

-ed through Win-
e creek.

re daylight, and,

Berryville. Hero

we moved toward

Post, and back to
falling back from
(tailed to picket the
jr and to bring up
ent on the Romney
fas quiet until dark,
nearly every point,
tillery opened upon
la consequence of
ke, before we could
jred the town, thus
ost, however, in fall-
wn, passing through
J rejoined our forces
jontinued retreating
d, east of the pike,
far from Wadesvilie.
motion early, and a
le division halted at
sent back to picket

were attacked by a
rccd back nearly two

Fifth New York Cavalry. 166

miles. Rciinforccnicnta were sent out and t\m Rebel ad-
vunoo was checked.

Amjust 20th. Relieved from picket, and bivouacked near
Sunmiit Point. The linos were quiet.

Aiiffmt 2l8C. As has been so often the case on the Sab-
bath, it was not possible to pass the day without an ongngo-
n.ent. About eight o'clock our pickets were driven iniand^nt
nine a strong force of infantry and cavalry confronted us at
tho Point. Boldly they came out of the woods into an open
licld, and flaunted their miserable flag into our faces. But a
well directed shell from our artillery, which exploded among
'hem, sent them " kiting" to the woods again. However, a
force far superior to ours in numbers compelled us at length
to retreat, which we did in good order. We arrived at Charles-
town about sundown, but left the village to our right, and
halted in the fields almost in sight of the steeples of its
churches. Here we found our infantry also falling back,
with its main column headed toward Halltown.

August 22d. Our horses, which had stood all night
saddled and ready for a move at a moment's warning, were
in use with tho first light of morning. The enemy's
cavalry, displaying a Httio more daring than was their wont,
advanced upon us with considerable show of fight. Their
infantry was within short supporting distance. A spirited
skirmish took place, and, under the circumstances, we fol-
lowed the advice of the poet, who sings :

" He who fights and runs away,

Will live to fight another day."

We retreated to Halltown, and moved with the head of the

column to the left, and finally halted pretty well up the

river, opposite Maryland Heights. Within our bivouac

■ ■^■^ — 'Tr iTs'.r. nfjKmnk 'lyyt^-j

166

Historic Rkoorus.

was planted the Rebel battery that had killed Col Miles,
comniandiiig Harper's Ferry, ou a former occasion. '1 lie
spot was pointed out to us by a Mr. M., a citizen in the
neij^hborhood, who presented us an anomaly commonly met
with in this region of country, of a man making high j)r()-
fi-ssioiis of Unionism, and yet earnestly pleading for Se-
cession.

August 2'id. Under light marching orders, the division
went out on a reconnoissauce in the vicinity of Duffield's
Station, on the Baltimore and Ohio rail road, and engaged a
heavy force of the enemy's infantry. The fight was spirited
but brief, and our forces returned to camp after a few hours
of marching and fighting.

Auijust 2bth. One day's uninterrupted rest had been en-
joyed as a rare luxury ; but this morning at three o'clock the
hills and woods were ringing with reveille. At five the
division was in motion in the direction of Shepardstown, not
far from which we were joined by the first division of cavalry.
This united force moved to Kearneysville Station, near
which, the enemy, under Breckenridge, was met advancing
towards Maryland in heavy force. Seldom are forces so
suddenly and furiously engaged. The artillery of both
parties was immediately brought into position, and the hills
resounded with the rapid discharges of screaming shell and
sweeping grape and canister. Before the quick firing
of our Spencers, and our swift charges, the enemy's
column at first recoiled and gave us a decided advantage
over him. But we were at lengtl. compelled to retreat
before superior numbers, ihat were lapping around our
flanks. In this engagemenc the regiment behaved with its
usual gallantry. Lieut. Greeuleaf, in command of Co. A, fell,

illcd Cul Mil.^s,
occasion. 'Hit:
a citizeu in the
y commonly met
laking high i""-
pleading for Se-
ers, the division
lity of Duffield'a
.d, and engaged a
fight was spirited
after a few hours

rest had been en-
; three o'clock the
ill6. At five the
Shepardstown, not
iivision of cavalry,
lie Station, near
ras met advancing
lorn are forces so
artillery of both
tion, and the hills
;reaming shell and
3 the quick firing
rges, the eneu)y's
decided advantage
mpelled to retreat
pping around our
it behaved with its
maud of Co. A, fell,

Fifth New York Cavalry. 167

mortally wounded, but waa carried from the field. Nearly
all our dead and wounded remained in our own hands, and
were taken back with us. We returned to our old bivouac
and erected our tents with hopes of a good night's rest.
]3ut before dark we were ordered to pack up and make
prepar '.l.na for a night's march.

At ttn p. M., the regiment alone, accompanied with a
brigade staflF ofiicer, moved to the Potomac, which wo crossed
on pontoons at the foot of 3Iaryland Heights. The division
moved also, but by some other route. We marched until
three A. m., and halted to rest our weary animals and our-
selves at the memorable Antietam creek, near Antietam Fur-
nace.

August 2Qth. At one P. m. we resumed our march to Sharps-
burg, nearly every house of which bears marks of the great
battle that was fought here in 1862. Turning to the right,
the column passed over the main portion of the battle field,
and bimacked a few rods beyond Keedysville. At half past
nine p. M., through pitchy darkness, we were counter-
marched to Sharpsburg. On the way we encountered one
of the worst thunder storms ever witnessed. The rain fell
in torrents, driven by a strong wind. The frequent light-
nings cleft the darkness, and left us blinded and in greater
darkness than before. The thunder roared and shook the
earth beneath us. Some of our horses became quiw un-
manageable, and rendered our march perilous as well as un-
comfortable. On the wet ground, after this shower, we
bivouacked in the fields near the town, having sent out a
few pickets towards the river.

Auffiis. 21th. We pi'-keted in front of Sharpsburg till
twelve M., and were then sent ap the river about three miles,

*(i'ii^BS!lo

168

Historic Eecords.

to picket some fords near Mercersville, where we continued
till next morning.

..I'j'Uit 2Sth. Sunrise found us with our pickets with-
drawn, und in line of march towards Sharpsburg, where we
joined the division. Again our faces were turned towards
Virginia, and we were soon on its "sacred soil," having forded
the Potomac a short distance below Shepardstown. Slowly
and safely we advanced to Charlestown, halting by the rail
road to allow the infantry to pass through the town before
us. With flying colors our brave boys entered this very
rebellious village, and the bands struck up the air cf Old
John Brown, and played lustily as they marched through
the streets, where but a ibW years past gathered the chivalry
to witness the execution of Old Ossawatomie. The cavalry
at last marched on in rear of the infantry, and encamped in
the woods not fur from town.

Up to this time our work in the valley had been very
discouraging. It had been constant marching and fighting,
but always retreating. The Rebels had had things nearly
all their own way. However, we had prevented their cross-
ing again into Maryland ; and now, for some reason, they
were falling back to the line of the Opequan creek. Gen.
Sheridan, with some reiinforcements, v/as now advancing to
make battle in terrible earnest, and to push the enemy, if
possible, far from the states he was so anxious to invade.

Avgust 'idth. The x'egiment was made sad this morning
by the departure of Col. Hammond from its command.
(See Mementos), lo a ^eld near our camp, the regiment
waa formed into a hollow square, and the colonel took
formal leave. He undertook to speak a few words, but was
choked by emotion. He rode fc -'ard to the officers, who

re we continued

ir pickets with-
sburg, where we
B turned towards
I," having forded
istown. Slowly
Iting by the rail

the town before
■ntered this very
ip the air of Old
inarched through
ered the chivalry
lie. The cavalry

and encamped in

y had been very
liing and fighting,
had things nearly
jrented their cross-
uonie reason, thejr
j[uaw creek. Gob.

now advancing to
ish the enemy, if
sious to invade.

gad this morning
rom its command,
amp, the regiment

the colonel took
few words, but was
:o the officers, who

Fifth New York Cavalry.

109

were formed in front and centre, and shook hands wifh
them. He then addressed a few parting words to the luen,
and with three cheers proposed by Lieut. Col. Bacon, he
pa.ssed out of the square, and left us. The regiment was
immediately formed in lino of march, and, with the division,
advanced to Berryville, where we made an early bivouac.

September 2d. As we have not full feed for our horses,
our men are compelled to fi^rage through the country, and
occa^id ually squads of them are attacked and captured.

During the night our poeition wrni flanked on f.he right,
and this morning early we retreated on a back road by way
of Myerstown, and returned to the pike not far from
Charlestown. It was hoped we might here have a few days'
rest, and preparations were made for comfortable shelters,
but about sundown the v/oods rang with " boote and sad-
dles." Again we advanced on Berryville, which we reached
about ten P. M. We fouad the place occupied by the e?iemy,
who retreated after a brief skirmish.

September ?,d. The division advanced this morning to
Millwood and Whit« Pest, encountering a heavy force of
the enem.y a little beyond, from which we retired without
an engagement. The rear of the column spent the night
near Millwood.

Scptemhiir 'kth. The command was made happy this
morning with the news ; '■' AAhmU is oura !" The enemy's
cavalry, hjvjng taken possession of the pike betM'cen us
anci Berryville, we retreated to its vicinity by means of a
circuitous route toward the Blue Ridge, (Jn arriving we
found that the enemy held the td^wn in force, CMir artillery
was used qwha extensively, the rcgimeul: supporting a bat-
fery^ Theire was son:e musketry on the skirxaish line, on

^^-■^inj

VZ:siT,;Sku/AxXt.<~Ji:.'^3^^^tiiiiaf*iius^

170

Historic Rkcoeds.

which the regimeut lay all night, having been relieved from
the battery.

September 5th. The enemy was expelled from Berryville,
and retired to the Opequan. The Fifth New York was
sent on picket. A cold rain storm made mud for us and
discomfort.

Si'ptcmher 1th. Th"! day dawned bright and beautiful,
after the storm. The division went out on the White Post
road some distance, and turning to the right, proceeded as
far as the Opequan, where we had a heavy skirmish with
the enemy. Returned to Berryville at night.

Septcmhcr dth. The regiaient spent yesterday and to-day
on picket. The division has gone into camp on the north
side of the pike. A large force of our infantry is also
camped near by; and some of them arc busy building earth
works across the pike about one mile eiist of Berryville.

/September 10th. The regiment was relieved from picket

September ISth. The first brigade advanced toward Win-
chester on the pike, encountering the Rebel pickets at the
Opequan. A quick dash was made upon their reserve,
within two miles of Winchester, which, after a short
skirmish, resulted in the capture of the 8th South Carolina
volunteers. Sixteen officers, including their colonel, fell
into our hands, and also their battle flag. The brunt of the
engagement was borne by the 3d New Jersey and the
2d Ohio regiments of cavalry.

At the expiration of eight hours from the time the brigade
moved out, we were back into our camps. This was one
of the most brilliant exploits ever performed by the brigade.

September 15th. The regiment went out again to the
Opequan and skirmished with the enemy's pickets.

Fifth New York Cavalry.

171

en relieved from

from Berryville,
New York was
mud for us aud

it and beautiful,
the White Post
ht, proceeded as
y skirmish with
;ht.

(crday and to-day
imp on the north
infantry is abo
.sy building earth
of Berryville.
eved from picket
accd toward Win-
bel pickets at the
lOn their reserve,
■h, after a short
1th South Carolina
their colonel, fell
The brunt of the
V Jersey and the

he time" the brigade
ps. This was one
led by the brigade,
out again to the
fa pitkets.

September IGtk. Spent the day on picket

September llth. At one A. M. several regiments of the
Ist brigade made another reconnoissance to the Opequan.
The Fifth went mostly through the woods and fields.
Crossed the creek at Burnt Factory, where a skirmish com-
menced and continued, until we returned to the creek, on
the pike. We then fell back to camp near Berryville.

Scptcmher \^.th. Regiment on picket.

September idth. General Sheridan had at length per-
fected his arrangements for a general move upon the enemy.
Atone A.M. the " general call" was sounded, tents were
struck, and all due preparation made for the march. At
tv^o o'clock a splendid force of infantry, cavalry and artil-
lery, was advancing toward Winchester. The 2d New York
had the advance, followed by the Fifth. Before daylight
the Rebel cavalry pickets were charged at the Opequan,
and driven hastily before us. Believing that this was noth-
ing more than a repitition of the many reconnoissancea
and raids, we had recently made, the Johnnies were
scarcely prepared for the onset that was made upon them.
Passing around a heavy barricade across the pike, the
cuvalry waited not for the infantry supports, but dashed up
the road, and charged the enemy's fortifications. Before
they had fairly time to recover from this unexpected blow,
they were struck by the strong lines of our eager infantry-
men, and shells from our batteries just in position, fell fast
among them. And now commenced one of the mo?it brilliant
engagements of the war.

Our first attack, so unexpected and furious, gave us the
enemy's first line of works. This was a decided advantage,
both in demoralizing the foe, and in giving us a better

:, HfiSiiee:-.:.

172

Historic Records.

position. The contestants soon became engaged throughout
the entire line, extended for four or five miles across the
country.

About ten o'clock, by a persistent effort to keep his army
well in hand, and by planting his artillery on the hills and
chosen positions in front of Winchester, General Early,
commanding the Rebel forces, succeeded in checking our
advance. A terrible contest now followed. Forward and
backward, advancing and receding, uurged those living lines'
of men like the foaming waves of ocean. But, at length,
the cavalry, the first division on the right, the third on
the left, succeeded in driving in and enveloping the extreme
wings of the Rebel army. At this the centre of their line
began to waver, and, ere long, the whole force was in a
swift retreat through Winchester, leaving their dead and
wounded behind them. The battle had raged from morning
till nearly sundown, and the field was strewn thick with
the wrecks of recently prou 1, brave men.

Five distinct charges had the regiment made during the
day, four of these against infantry. In one of these charges,
Capt. Farley, company C, while gallantly rallying his men,
lost his right leg, which was taken away by a solid shot
or shell. It was amputated above the knee. In another
charge, led by Gen. Mcintosh in person, the general
received a fearful gunshot wound in the left leg, which was
nriipiifated below the knee. We had sustained a heavy loss,
the bitterness of which was mitigated by the glorious success
which had crowned our effort.

Notwithstanding the fatigue of our horses and men, we
were sent in pursuit of the retreating army. Swinging
around Winchester to ihe left, we came up 1o the pike just

Fifth Njsw York Cavalry.

173

iged throughout
iiiles across the

0 keep hia army
on the hills and

General Early,
in checking our
I. Forward and
those living lines'

But, at length,
bt, the third on
iping the extreme
itre of their line
le force was in a
ig their dead and
^ed from morning
trewn thick with

t made during the
e of these charges,
rallying his men,
,y by a solid shot
knee. In another
rson, the general
left leg, which was
tained a heavy loss,
the glorious success

lorses and men, we
g army. Swinging
up to the pike just

above Milltown, and advanced beyond Kernstown, where we
bivouacked for the night.

September 20th. The division advanced to Newtown,
and, turning to the left, struck the Front Royal pike at
Nineveh, which we followed to Cmoked Run, where the
enemy was met, and a slight skirmish followed.

The command bivouacked early in the grassy fields.

September 21st. The division was early on the move.
The morning was chilly and foggy. The North Fork She-
nandoah was crossed without opposition, and the enemy was
found in considerable force on the South Fork. He was
quickly driven from his strong position, leaving his spades
and pickaxes in the trenches he was constructing. We
pursued him rapidly through Front Royal, and halted to
feed our horses in the fine corn fields beyond the town. At
three p. M. we moved up the Luray pike to Asbury Church.
This road is exceedingly romantic, with the broad, clear
river on one side, and the lofty, precipitous rocks on the
other.

At the church we halted, and received one of the
most fearful shellings, through which we ever passed, from
the Rebel batteries posted on a high, commanding hill.
Several regiments of the brigade broke before this fire, but
the Fifth New York received high commendation for stand-
ing firm. We built our bivouac fires by the church at
night.

September 22d. In the night the Rebels retreated up the
valley, and early in the morning we gave them pursuit.
We followed them to Milford creek, where we found them
strongly intrenched in an impregnable position. All day
we skirmished and fought with them. The Fifth New

174

IIisTOiiic Recohus.

It ^

1!.

York was engaged till night, when the division fell back,
and left us on picket.

September 2orf. This morning the whole division moved
back toward Strasburg, stopping by the river near Water-
liok Station, Manassas Gap rail road. Uere we received
Gen. Sheridan's dispatches announcing his great victory at
Fisher's Hill. They were read to the division, and the air
was rent with the vociferous cheering of our mei . At night
we were again advanced up the Luray Valley, halting after
midnight near Milford creek.

Septemher 24<A. During our absence the enemy had
abandoned his strong position at Milford, and was fleeing up
the valley. Before sunrise wo resumed our march. Near
Luray where the valley becomes broad and beautiful, the
enemy was encountered in force and driven, about one hun-
dred prisoners falling into our hands. They were all loud
in their denunciations of Gen. Early, the "apple-jack
bibber," as many of them called him. On the hills beyond
Luray we went into camp. But scarcely had we cooked
our suppers, when "boots and saddles" hurried every man
to his horse, and in an incredibly short time the whole
force was in motion. This move was made in hopes of cap-
turing the enemy, who had gone up the mountains toward
the Shenandoah Valley, but, finding it occupied by our
forces, was compelled to descend to the Luray again. How-
ever, night came on too soon, and, in the darkness, the enemy
slipped out of our hands. We forded the river, and
bivouacked about nine o'clock, in a settlement, called JMas-
sauutten.

September 25th. This bright Sabbath morning found us
vigorously pursuing our march over the Massanutten moun-

7'moa fell back,

I division moved
ver near Watcr-
[ere we received
3 great victory at
ision, and the air
rinei. Atuiglit
lley, halting after

the enemy had
nd was fleeing up
Dur march. Near
md beautiful, the
m, about one hun-
hey were all loud
the "apple-jack
n the hills beyond
ly had we cooked
lurried every man
rt time the whole
de in hopes of cap-
mountains toward
b occupied by our
iuray again. How-
larkness, the enemy
ed the river, .ind
lement, called ^laa-

1 morning found us
Massanutten moun-

FiFTH New York Cavalry.

175

tains, through a gap from which a splendid view is obtained
of the two valleys, which this range separates, the Luray
and Shenandoah. About ten A. M. we arrived in the
vicinity of New Market, where we met our supply train.
Commissaries and quartermasters were in great repute just
then, as were also the sutlers with their scanty supplies at
enormous prices. We were camped a few hours in the
woods. Here we received a good mail.

About 2 p. M. the whole command started up the valley,
halting near our vast infantry camps at Harrisonburg, about
eleven o'clock.

September 2Qth. This morning the cavalry moved up
the valley, reaching Staunton at dusk. Not far from town,
on the road to Waynesboro', we bivouacked, after a very
fatiguing journey.

September 21th. At ten A. M. the regiment was detailed
to escoH Gen. Custer to his new command, lately Gen.
Averill's, known among us as the Second division. This com-
mand was near Port Kepublio. On the way the regiment had
a fearful skirmish with the enemy at Mt. Meridian. How-
ever, it succeeded in getting through, with the general unhurt.

September 2%th. The boys were early on their way to
rejoin the division, which they did at night, just after the
battle of Waynesboro', in which a good number of the
regiment were engaged. The division was now retreating,
and a long, dreary march was before us. We passed
through Staunton, and followed the pike down about two
miles ; then turning to the left, we followed a rough, crook-
ed road that led us to the Glade, a small valley near the
foot cf the North or Shenandoah mountains. We journeyed
all night long, and halted for breakfast at Spring Hill
15

^^ "i^^ju-:-

176

HisTOHic Records.

September 29<A. From this halt the regiment waH rear-
guard of the coluiun. A Hlight attack was made on us and
repelled. Many of our horses gave out bj the way and
were shot. The divi.>*ion took possession of Bridgewuter
about noon. The regiment was on picket till night, when
it camped near the town.

October 2d. During our rest hero our horses have fared
well with the forage, which is abundant all around us, and
the men have obtained very comfortable subsistence from
the country. Meanwhile, General Wilson has been removed
to a large command in the western army, and General
Custer has superseded him in the command of the Third
division.

At noon the command broke camp, and soon after the
enemy's cavalry made a dash on our pickets and succeeded
in penetrating the town. They were, however, driven back
with some loss. Nearly all the aflernoon skirmishing
and cannonading have been going on. The regiment
had a dark, unpleasant night's picketing along this danger-
ous line.

October 3 J. On picket till five P. M. We then joined
the brigade near Dayton and went into camp.

October ith. In retaliation for the murder of Capt. Meigs,
son of Quartermaster Gen. Meigs, near Dayton, by some
citizen guerrillas, the regiment was ordered to report to
Capt. Lee, provost marshal of the division, to burn every
building within a circle of three miles from the scene of
the murder. This was the most heart-sickening duty we
had ever performed. Splendid mansions in great number,
in the vicinity, were laid in ashes; but before the work
of burning the town commenced, the order was oouu-

Fifth Nisw Youk Cavalry.

177

a'mient was rear-

8 Tuado on us and

by the way and

I of Bridgewater
t till night, when

borses have fared

II around us, and
subsistence from

has been removed
my, and General
land of the Third

,nd soon after the
ets and succeeded
(vever, driven back
moon skirmishing
I. The regiment
along this danger-

We then joined
amp.

•der of Capt. Meigs,
: Dayton, by some
dered to report to
sion, to burn every
from the scene of
-sickening duty we
IS in great number,
ut before the work
J order was coun-

termanded. The execution of such orders, however just
and right, has a very demoralizing effect upon tho men.

October <oth. On falling back from the upper portion of
the valley, Gen. Sheridan ordered all stacks or ricks of hay
or grain, or the same in burns, to be destroyed by fire.
Grist mills were to share the same fate. This precaution
was to prevent the enemy's ever returning to subsist his
army on this fruitful country. The march of our army
could now bo traced by the heavy smokes, which rose on
the air.

On leaving Dayton this morning two grist mills were
destroyed. The enemy followed very closely on our rear.
Not far from Turleytown near Brock's Gap, he made a
strong attack, in a \ ?ition very advantageous to himself.
By dint of effort and Sne fighting he was prevented from
doing us much injiry. The regiment lay all night on the
skirmish line.

October 7th. We continued falling back on the moun-
tain road, and were rejoined by a squadron of the regiment,
that was sent to Brock's Gap last evening, was cut off, but
succeeded by great exertion and good fortune, to pass
unhurt through the enemy's lines. At Forestville our
column was attacked by a strong force. During the skirm-
ish we lost seven forges, including ours, several ambulances,
and a few men. Here Sergeant Whitney, company F, then
in command of the company, lost his life by a fatal bullet,
while gallantly struggling to repel tho enemy.

We continued our march to Columbian Furnace, near
which we bivouacked for the night.

October Sth. As usual we were early on the move. The
rear guard was attacked several times on the way. We

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HisTOKic Hecords.

rei:ched Fisher's Hill b.!f'ore tiuudovn, and were sest on
picket toward Tom's Brook.

October 9ih. Annoyed by the frequent attacks of the
enemy on our rear guards and pickets, Gen. Custer resolved
to drive him from the vicinity. So facing about with his
division, this morning he advanced upon Generals Rosser
and Lomax in a nn*^ position nf^ai Tom's Brook. This
wiis 'i pure cavalry fight, and one of the most spirited of
the war. Having properly planted his artillery, and dis-
posed his forLe as advantageou.sly as possible, the general
ordsr6d the bugles on the entire Hue to sound the advance,
and leading the Fifth Now York in person, he made p. dash
on tho enemy's central position in the road. Our color
bearer, Sergeant Buckley, company C, displayed his usual
bravery, bearing our flag close by the side, and, at times,
ahead of the general b. With a shout and a dash, with
thundering artillery and gleaming sabres, with trusty car-
bines tnd Yankee grit, our boys scattered the enemy before
them, and won a complete victory. On the pike the First
division, GKan. Merritt commanding, made a clean sweep of
the enemy's cavalry on t/ieir front.

October llth. This afternoon we moved to the pike,
passed through Strasburg, and camped, aller dark, near
Be'ie Grove, Gen. Sheridan's headquarters.

October 13<A. The enemy made an attack on our cavalry
pickets on C<.dar creek. The regiment was sent oat to
recnforce the pickets. After some cannonading and skirm-
ishing, the enemy withdrew, and the pickets were reestab-
lished.

October 14<A. The regiment wont on a reconnoissance to
Lebanon church, where the enemy was met, and, after a

■■''•'*!ii;v.^"--i'*'

SSSi'SJi^SSSSlSSais.'SK**^^

Fifth New York Cavalry.

179

and were sent on

nt attacks of the
n. Custer resolved
ing about with his
n Generals Rosser
m's Brook. This
e most jpirited of
artillery, and dis-
aiblo, the general
ound the advance,
n, he made a dash
road. Our color
splayed his usual
de, and, at times,

and a dash, with
, with trusty car-

the enemy before
he pike the First

a clean sweep of

red to the pike,
after dark, near

k on our cavair;
was sent oat to
ading and skirm-
ets were reestab-

•econnoissance to
let, and, ailter a

^ii:;ht skirmish, we returned to the north bank of Cedar
iTock.

October 15th. Went on piclcot along the creek.

October IQth. We were relieved by the 1st Connecticut,
nnd came back to the brigade, where we went into camp.

October 10th. About four o'clock A. M. we were aroused
Irom our slumbers by an attack on our cavalry pickets at
die right of our line. This was followed by the discharire
•jf signal guns down the Rebel lines, ending with a feurtul
and surprise attack on the 8th corps (Gen. Crook's), which
iiecupied our left. Here the men were killed and captured
in their tfints, and nearly the whole camp, with sutlers'
wagons, trains, and several pieces of artillery, fell into the
eucniy's hands. Drivpu back in confusion, panic-stricken,
the left of the 19th corps (Geu. Emory's) was uncovered
and exposed to a withering fire from the exultant foe. Many
of our brave fellows fell while contesting this central and
important position. But our forti^ed lines had to be
abaadoued, and the old 6th corps (Gen. Wright's) came
under the flaiik fire of the advancing columns.

Nine o'cIocIl and our lines had been driven back about
three miles, and disaster had followed us at every step. A
deep gloom had settled upon the army. The absence of
Gen. Sheridan was deeply felt by all. But about ten o'clock,
loud cheering in the rear, taken up by centre and front,
announced that the hero of the Shenandoah had arrived
upon the field of carnage. His blacL charger, reeking with
foam, and covered with dust, had brought him in qu' ^k
Iwste from Wiuphester.

" The flfBt that the general saw were the groups
Of gtriigglois and the retreaiing troops.

;n 1-

» ■

•7 i«5F>

180

II18T0R10 Records.

What was done, what to do, a glance told Lim both ;

Then, striking hie spurs with a terrible oath,

He dashed dourn the line mid a storm of huzias,

And the ware of retreat checked its course there, because

The sight of the master compelled it to pause."

The tide of battle immediately turned. Every man became
suddenly transformed into two men, and the general's pres-
ence gave a foretaste of victory. The meeting of' the
generals was exceedingly affecting. Hata and caps were
thrown into the air, and tears fell from their eyes like rain.
Old gray-headed heroes sobbed like girls. Custer, the dar-
ing, terrible demon that he is in battle, caught Sheridan in
his arms, but was unable to utter a word I It was no time
for sentiment. While consulting with his generals the
alarming intelligence reached Sheridan that the enemy's
cavalry was rapidly moving to flank him on the right.

" Custer, I can trust you with the work of driving back
this force," he said, after looking around him for a moment.
No time was lost, and the work was successfully performed.
Inch by inch the Rebel lines gave way, until about sun-
set, when our artillery opened along our entire line with a
galling fire. Then came the impetuous charge of our entire
force, with the usual war-cry, more terrific than cannon's
awful bellowing, and then, too, came the disastrous rout of
the enemy. At this juncture the ever-ready Third division
of cavalry made a grand dash at the fugacious Johnnies.
A glance to the rear showed them closed in a solid body,
their sabres flashing dimly through tbe smoke of that terri-
ble field. No cheering now ; nothing but the thundering
tread of the coluFnns, announcing our approach to the enemy,
as we swept into the fire. The creek had been forded, and

■''i^^^^^^^M'^^^i&mim^^^miii^mfiti^

Fifth Nkw York Cavalry.

181

oth;

'e, beoanso

sry man became
general's pres-
aeeting of the
and caps were
eyes like rain.
!a8ter, the dar-
;bt Sheridan in
It was no time
s generals the
it the enemy's
the right,
driving back
for a moiaent.
illy performed,
intil about sun-
ire line with a
;e of our entire
than cannon's
[StrouB rout of
Third divisioD
lous Johnnies,
a solid body,
of that terri-
,e thundering
to the enemy,
in forded, and

only half a mile, before we could reach the guns that were
belching shot and shell at our troopers. The bugles again
sounded the charge, and with a cheer ire rode straight for
the foe. It was a maddening timn. The Kebals delivered
one fierce volley, and the next ini^aLi, the pitiless sabres of
our men and the iron heels of the horses were doing their
work. For three miles the charge continued, the bloody
ground, the broken m\iskets, the dead and wounded, told
its ferocity. Only the darkness of night put an end to the
slaughter. Never in this war was so much gained. Sheri-
dan's victory was complete.

Interesting accounts of extraordinary valor in the regiment
may be found in the chapter of registers of companies.
The following artiole, with receipt, from t New York daily,
ffill show how the regiment behared on this memorable day :

Among the regiments that participated in Sheridan's vic-
tory of October 19th, none equaled the success of the Fifth
New York Cavalry. The followiug interesting and important
receiptforproperty,oapturedbytheregimontha8 been issued :

Headquarters First Brigade, 1
Third Cavalry Division.Oot. 2lBt, 1864. /

Received of the Fifth New York Cavalry, commanded by
Major A. H. Krom, twenty-two pieces of artillery, fourteen
caiesons, one battery wagon, seventeen army wag6ns, six
spring wagons and ambulances, eighty-throe sets of artillery
harness, seventy-five sets of wagon harness, ninety-eight
Iiorses, sixty-seven mules, captured in action in the buttle
of the 19th of October, 1864, on Cedar creek, Va.
A. C. M. Penninqton, Jr.,

Colonel Commanding Brigade.
Adjutant's General's Ofiice, Oct. 25, 1864.

[A true copy.] E. D. TOWNSEND, A. A. G.

^:>

182

HisTORio Records.

To this receipt mighi have been added tvro battle flags

and many prisoners. The following congratulatory order

was issued and promulgated to h's divisiou by General

Custer :

Headqisarrcra.Third Division, Cavalry Corps, 'l^
Middle Military Division, October 21, 1864. j

Soldiers of the Third Cavalry Division :

With pride and gratification your commanding general
congratulates you upon your brilliant achieveme nbs of the
past few days.

On the ninth of the present month you attacked a vastly
superior force of the enemy's cavalry, strongly posted, with
artillery in position, and commanded by that famous "savior
of the Valley," Bosser.

Notwithstanding the enemy's superiority in numbers and
position, you drove him twenty miles, capturing his artillery,
six pieces in all ; also his entire train of wagons and ambu-
lances, and a large number of prisoners. Again, during
the memorable engagement of the nineteenth instant, your
conduct throughout was sublimely heroic, and without a
parallel in the annals of warfare. In the early part of the
day, when disaster and defeat seemed to threaten our noble
army upon all sides, your calm and determined bearing,
while exposed to a terrible fire from the enemy's guu8,
added not a little to restore confidence to that portion of
our army already broken and driven back on the right.

Afterwards, rapidly transferred from the right flank to
the extreme left, you materially and successfully assisted in
defeating the enemy in his attempt to turn the left flank of
our army. Again ordered on the right flank, you attacked
and defeated a division of the enemy's cavalry, driving him

*i«t^«fti>=#»S5si- -

Fifth Nbw York Cavalry.

iia

tro battle flags
jratulatory order
sion b^ General

!avalry Corps, I
ober 21, 1864. j

Handing general
evemeita of the

attacked a vastly
igly posted, with
' famous "saTior

in numbers and
ing his artillery,
tgons and ambu

Again, during
tb. instant, your

and without a
arly part of the
•eaten our noble
mined bearing,
I enemy's guus,
that portion of
I the right.

right flank to
fully assisted in
;he lefl flank of
k, you attacked
ry, driving him

in confusion across Cedar creek. Then changing your fVont
to the left at a gallop, you charged and turned the left
flank of the enemy's line of battle, and punned his broken
and demoralized army a distance of iGive miles. Night
alone put an end to your pursuit.

Among the substantial fruits of this great victory, you
can boast ot having captured five battle flags, a lar* aum-
ber of prisoners, including Major Gen. Ramseur, an* .brty-
five of the forty-eight pieces of artillery taken fro. a the
enemy ou that day, thus making fifty-one pieces of artillery
wliich you have captured from the enemy within the short
period of ten days.

This is a record of which you may well be proud, a record
won and established by your gallantry and perseverance.
You have surrounded the name of the Third cavalry division
with a halo as enduring as time.

The history of this war, when truthfully written, will
contain no brighter page than that upon which is recorded
tiie chivalrous deeds, and glorious triumphs of the soldiei-s
of the Third division.

G. A. Custer,
Brigadier General Commanding.
Official : Chs. Siebert, Captain aud A. A. Q.
On the 19th of September we gave the Rebels a thorough
whipping at Winchester; on the 19th of October we repeated
the operation with a double dose on Cedar creek, each time
with the 19th corps in the centre of the line, giving us an
arithmetical assemblage worthy of remembrance by the
American people.

It was quite late at night when the pursuit was disoon-
tinued, and the troops returned to their "old campground."

: i.
if

184

Historic Records.

October 20th. The division wont out on a reconnoissaDoe
to Tom's Brook on the mountain road, but captured only s
few stragglers. The column returned to camp but the Fifth
wac left on picket at the Cedar creek neighborhood. Migor

Boice took command. i4;^,.ii->.^*-v »-*>.•• *

October 2Ut. The 2d OTklo reheTed vm about sundown,
and we came near brigade headquarters iuto camp.

On the 25th and Slst we took our tour at picketing.

.November 6th. The regiment went out on a reconnoissance
toward Romney. It returned at night, atter a tedious, cold
and fruitlens march.

November Sth. The whole army broke camp and moTed
near Kernstown, where it is expected we may build winter
quarters.

November 9th. The first brigade waa sent out on the
mountain road near Zion Church, where • picket, Una wu
established. .4 1 . v\,c ^.,j..!l. '^'

November 12th. The enemy's cavalry (Irore in our pickets
this morning, and made their appeal » ^ very near oor
camp. The First, brigade went out and drove them beyona
Cedar creek, after an exciting engagement. Col. Hull, of
the 2d New York, while pushing on at the head of his men,
was killed. He was a gallant young officer, who had but
recently borne the eagle. He was generally lamented.

We returned to our eamps at night, after aerer^ly
punishing the enemy, c i; !►. . ii . s&5'5-?E

November ISth. A reoonneissance was made to Cedar
creek, but the enemy was not discovered.

Novemher 21»<. The Second and Third divisions started
up the valley on a reconnoissance. The whole force bi-
vouacked in and about Woodstock at night.

on a reconnoissanoe
but captured only a
camp but the Fifth
)ighborhood. Major

OB about sundown,
into camp.
ir at picketing.
: on a reconnoissanee
utter a tediona, cold

s camp and moved
e may build winter

18 sent out on the
) a picket line was

'Irore in pur picketa
■'^ very near onr
drove them beyona
nt. Gol. Hull, of
he head of his men,
icer, who had bat
ally lamented.
:ht, after severely

ts made to Cedar

d divisions started
le whole force bi-
It.

•; {-At

(^<'

!■;'?> •■■;^-

•■< J*

i.4i<«»-"

Sfc

■«*.

vS'-'o

:*;!iS8aaMsii^.^, '^^^^^s^^^im^em^f^^i^iSmMiimi^^^M^

Fifth Nkw Yohk Cavalry.

187

November 22il. The advance, at Edinburg, captured the
Rebel outpust of pickets this uiorning, and as rapidly as pos-
sible the wbule furco advanced to the Shenandoah beyond
Mt. Jackaun, where a strong picket lino was encountered.
The Second divisiun was moved across the river, with a
portion of the Third division, and advanced in skirmish line
near Hood's Hill, where it developed the power of the enemy,
who came out in three well-formed lines of battle. To
ascortain the position and force of the enemy was pU we had
iutcndod. Having accomplished this to our satisfaction, all
we desired was to escape from this force with the least possi-
ble injury. This was not done, however, without a hard-
fought balt!e. In this engagement the regiment performeu
deeds of the most wonderful daring, preventing a flank
movement on the column by the enemy's cavalry. About
three P. M. we succeeded in dealing our pursuers such
a blow, aa to enable us to fall back unmolested. The main
force returned to Woodstock, and halted for the night
The Fifth, however, was left to picket the rear along Stony
creek. The night was very cold, occasioning some suffering.

November 2'&d. A cold march, over frozen ground, brought
UH buck agcin to our camp near the sources of the Opequan,
about three miles from Kernstown.

November 24<A. This evening, after feasting on our
Thanksgiving chickens and turkeys, sent us by our friends
iti the north, the regiment was made doubly thankful by
receiving an order from General Sheridan detailing ua for
bis escort.

November 2bth. Obedient to the order, we reported to
General Sheridan at nine A. M., and were ordered into camp
near bis headquarters at Kernstown.

j;ffli, iwff,

:: W.

"4^

i*»g?r

188 HiSTObIC Recobds.

Quite an effort wn3 made by some high olSoials to get the

regiment back to the brigade, but the general sai^, " What

I have written, I have written."

As our campaigning is now ended for the season, with

pleasure we append the following result of Qen. Sheridan's

work in the valley :

Pnionert oapturod at Wiiioheiter (well) 2,200

Priaoners captured at TVinobeater (wounded) 2,000

PriBonera oaptured at Fisher's Hill 900

Prisoners captured on ttie march beyond and since and

before the battio 1,600

Prisoners captured at Cedar creek 2,000

Total prisoners 8,600

CaunoD ovptured near Martinsburg 2

Cannon captured on the Opequan 6

Cannon captured at Wisher's Hill 21

Cannon captured in cavalry battle 11

Cannon captured at Cedar creek 60

ToUl 89

Small arms captured at Winchester 6,000

Small arms captured at Fisher's Hill 1,100

Small arn:s captured at Cedar creek (say) 6,000

Total 12,100

Cai8<;ons captured at Winchester 4

Caissons captured at Fisher's Hill 9

Caissons captured at C:<lar creek (s»,> „ 22

Total 36

Wagons captured at different points 160

Wagons captured at Cedar creek 100

ToUl 260

December 1st. The regiment escorted the general to
Sheridan hospital near Winchester, where we witnessed

■ •■AJfU.

]•-'■', i-H^Kr-fi^^^-i^j' -riia-.'|^g«ivl^.^(S^iVj^..i,,;;it.4,.^irf,;^i:V5s^^

ri*

Ii 3ffioial8 to get tlie
meral said, " What

r the seasoQ, wit,h
of Qen. Sheridan's

Fifth New York Cavalry.

189

the ceremony of a flag raising, a flag presented by the Union
ladies of the f«WD. There was a largo and brilliant assem-
blage of smiling ladies, andgayly dressed officers, and not a
few of our brave boys seated on bench«^8 and chairs, who
had lost arms, legs, health, &c., for the proud flag, whose
floating to-day they cheered with happy toices,

December Uth. We escorted the general to his iiew head-
quarters at the Logan mansion in Winchester. The regi-
ment was ordered to build wibteic quarters, which work was
begun near >h»j town on west side of the road to Martins-
burg. Nearly the whole army has constructed or is con-
structing its winter qnai ters.

December 81rt. The old year is dying, with the pure
white snow for her winding sheet and the hoarse winds for
her requiem. These are solemn hours to the Christian
soldier. Memory recalls the terrible dangers through
which he has passed and the awful scenen he has witnessed.
His heart swells with gratitude to the Great Preserrer for
the gift of safety, and he prays for courage and strength to
be faithful and efficient until his work is done.

,1..^

CHAPTEli XL

tieneral Sheridan's Last Raid. — Up the Valley — Battle o(
Waynesboro". — Many Priftoners. — In Charge oi" the Regi-
ment.— RosBer Annoys Rear of Column. — Battle of Rood'i
Hill. — RoBser L'e'oated. — Fall of Riohuond. — Lee Surren-
ders.— Suburbs of Winchester. — Rebel Soldiers Anxious to
be Paroled. — Expedition to Staunton. — Preparation *.o Muster
out the Regiment. — Camp Illumination. — Last Order of Col.
White. — Journey to Hart's Island, N. Y. Harbor. — The Fifth
New Yorlt Cavalry is No More — January l.t to July 26M, 1885.

January IQlh. Several of General Sheridan's B<^outs, ac-
companied by a detail of the regiment, made a domonstrii-
tion on the Rebel pickets, near Edinburg, capturing a good
number. Keturuiug tjiey tarried too long at Woodstock,
where they were attacked by a large force, the prisoners
liberated and some of the party captured.

January 22d. An affair quite similar to the above oc-
curred at Edinburg Our loss was larger than before.

February 23rf. The regiment went out on a reconnois-
sance to Newtown, White Post, Millwood, and returned at
eleven o'clcsk at night, without seeing even the semblance
of an enemy.

February 27th. A grand cavalry movement was com-
menced to-day, the fruit uf vhich will compare favorably
with any other movement during the war. Gen. Sheridan,
with the cavalry of the valley, moved out toward Staunton

■"^■ajTv

«--i -f^tCA^^M

i&^m^^-

i^^,h>»&M

•t;.

alley — Battle of
ge oi" the Rcgi.
Battle of Rood's
d. — Lee Surren-
iiers Anxious to
aration '.o Muster
ast Order of Col.
rbor.— The Fifth
!o July 26M, 1885.

ian's Bi^outs, ac-
de a domoostru-
!aptur:ng a good
; at Woodstock,
>, the prisoners

I the above oc-
tian before,
jn a reconnois-
nd returned at
the semblance

nent wa3 com-
ipare favorably
Gen. Sheridan,
award Staunton

Fifth New York Cavalry. 191

about ten o'clock. The regiment accompanied him. Tho
column moved as rapidly as possible up the Valley pike,
which is one of the finest highways of the country, and in
good condition at all seasons of the year.

March \st. The advance reached the vicinity of Waynes-
boro', the headquarters of General Early, commanding
Kobel forces. Here the Third clivision again proved itself
worthy of the renown it had. acquired. With his usual
daring Gen. Custer advanced his division upon the Rebel
camp. All resistance was fruitless. Our men swept around
this ill-starred army and enveloped them like fish in a
net. Gen, Early barely escaped, by cunningly dodging
into a thicket, pursued closely by the horsemen. His staff
officers and nearly his entire force fell into our hands,
making a total of about 1,400 prisoners. His artillery,
camp and garrison equipage and stores were either appro-
priated to our own use or destroyed, mostly the latter. This
was but the beginning of achievements, which place the
name of Sheridan among the first heroes of modern times.

Encumbered by so great a crowd of prisoners, the general
concluded to send them to the rear by way of Winphester.
This was no small task, to guard upward of a thousand
men nearly a hundred miles through a country infested by
guerrillas, and by the forces of General Rosscr. This task
was committed to the Fifth New York, with detachments of
other regiments, and a promiscuous lot of dismounted men,
and of men whose horses were wcil-nigh "played out,"
making a command about on'3 thousand strong.

Retaining with himself such of the regiment as were
orderlies for his staff officers, messengers, color bearers, &o.,
tlic general pursued his journey over the Blue Ridge, cap-

19S

Historic Records.

tured cities and prisoners, destroyed rail roads, canals and
other public property, eluded the enemy by the swiftness of
his motion, and, after inflicting irreparable injury, rested
his brave, tired squadrons near White House Landing.
But he was ready for the orening campaign near Peters<
burg, where he covetod himself and his men with glory, at
Dinwiddie, Five Forks and Appomattox, surrounding the
enemy at last and compelling him to a hasty surrender,
From this digression we return to the main body of the
regiment.

The roads from Waynesboro', cut down by the train, the
pontoon wagons and the artillery, and trampled by the ioog
lines of cavalry, were almost impassable. Along these the
guard and prisoners floundered, traveling in the fields
where they could, and finally rejoiced to have struck the
firm macadamized pike near Staunton. Here supplies of floar
and meat were obtained in abundance, and the command
was prepared to undertake its long, perilous march to Win-
chester.

At Mt. Sidney a considerable body of Rossor's men
made their appearance, and attacked the rear guard. They
were repelled after a brief skirmish, during which Edward
M uton, company M, had a ball wound his horse and another
pass through his canteen full of sorghum, letting out the
contents. Occasional shots were exchanged with these
pursuers, who hung on our rear, all the way. At Laccy
Springs, their numbers having been increased, they made
quite a demonstration. This was renewed with new zeal
and numbers at New Market, while the force was gathering
on every side to contest the passage of the Shenandoah near
Mt. JacLson. On the morning of the seventh of March, the

i5!«<&«i&fet£-fejgfe*feftl^lK:i*S»

Fifth Nbw York Cavalry.

198

roads, canals and
by the swiftness of
ible icjury, rested

0 House Landing.
)aign near Peters-
men with glory, at
:, sarTounding the

1 hasty surrender,
main body of the

n by the train, the
impled by the long
Along these the
ling in the fields
o have struck the
ire supplies of flour
and the command
ous march to Win-

of Rossar's men

ear guard. They

ing which Edward

lorse and another

letting out the

ged with these

way. At Laccy

reased, they made

ed with new zeal

tree was gathering

Shenandoah near

th of March, the

command was ready to cross the river. The Fifth was
sgain rear guard. Gon. Rosser, intent on releasing the
prisoners, had collected his force, and, coming down Rood's
Hill, charged on the column. Col. Boice, commanding tho
regiment, suddenly changed direction, held his men in good
line, each reserving his fire uatil the enemy had approached
within a few rods, then ordering and leading the charge,
be fell with a crushing blow upon the enemy. The John-
nies, not expecting such a dash, wneoled about and under-
took to fly, but were prevented doing so rapidly on account
of the mud of the field where they were. A band to hand
contest of unusual excitement followed, in which the most
daring deeds were done. Col. Boice, having emptied every
chamber of his revolver, unhorsed six Rebel troopers with
the butt. The affair resulted, not in the release of the
prisoners as fondly hoped by Rosser, but in tho capture of
thirty- five of his men, the killing of quite a number, and
the dispersion of his entire force. Our boys went on their
way rejoicing, and crossed the river unmolested, while a
few 0^ the beaten Rebels grinn ad at them from Rood's Hill,
beyond carbint range.

The remainder of the march was quite pleasant, and the
arrival of the column at Winchester, the eighth of March,
was hailed with a salute from the First Maine battery.

The regiment returned to camp, and the prisoners were
sent on to Harper's Ferry. The regiment was now subject
to orders from Oen. Hancock, who had the temporary com-
mand of the forces in and about Winchester.

March 18th. The regiment went on a reconnoissance to
Berryville. Deserters from the Rebel lines are daily coming
in our own, and giving themselves up.

fsSfe

■4fW^'^

194

Historic Kecords.

B'i

'March 16<A. The paymaster is making us a friendly call,
and is relieving bimsolf freely of " stamps," as the boys
call his greenbacks.

March 29th. The regiment had the honor of being
reviewed by two generals with their staffs, nac'ely, Hancock
and Torbert. Gen. Hancock was heard to say, " Well
done," on witnessing some swifl evolutions, which gave
the boys peculiar satisfaction.

April 'Ad. Swift telegrams announce Gen. Sheridan's
victorious battles below Petersburg, and the fall of Rich-
mond ! Batteries rend the air with their salutes, aad
bands of music fill the intervals with joyful airs. The
evening has been made luminous with fireworks from the
signal tower on Logan mansion, and bonfires in the streets.

April 9th. Midnight! and the booming cannon announce
the surrender of General Lee and the army of Northern
Virginia. Aroused from their slumbers the soldiers and
some citizens rush to Gen. Hancock's headquarters, a happy,
almost crazy throng. The Logan mansion shines with an
illumination, the signal tower blazes with fireworks, bt'ls
ring, bands discourse patriotic music, flags are paraded
through the streets, &nd the multitude grows hoarse with
cheering. The whole night is filled with jubilation.

April \bth. All are filled with gloom at the news of the
assassination of our beloved President Ifst evening. Thus
the bitterest cup is tendered to the lips of the people in the
midst of their highest joy over past victories. Freedom's
noblest champion, a nation's great chief, falls a martyr to
his cause !

April 27th. It has been a busy day, breaking up winter
quarters, and removing into a grassy field about a mile from

a.-ev» J. 'jW *^,«- Uii

"iiiiVrritiifliii'f^UiiiriiiriiiiiihirirTiM-''

FiFTU Nkm- York Cavalry.

196

; ua a friendly call,
imps," as the boys

e honor of being
h, nas'ely, Hancock
ird to say, "Well
iitions, which gave

e Gen. Sheridan's

td tho fall of Rich-

their salutes, and

I joyful airs. The

fireworks from the

ifires in the streets.

[ig cannon announce

army of Northern

s the soldiers and

idquarteiB, a happy,

ion shines with an

ith fireworks, h Us

flags are paraded

rows hoarse with

jubilation.

at the news of the

3t evening. Thus

P the people in the

tories. Freedom's

falls a martyr to

Ireaking up winter
about a mile from

town near tho llomney pike. We are now merged into a
IVovisional brigade of cavalry, under command of Col.
Keno. Before leaving sight of Winchester, we should say,
that though it does not appear as when first visited by tho
regiment in 1862, it still presents some objects of interest.
Near by it on the Romney pike are the ruins of the man-
sion of Jomes M. Mason (Mason and Slidell), once the
! eadquarters of Gen. Banks.

On the north side of the town, in an old cemetery, is the
i;rave of " Major Gen. Daniel Morgan, who died in 1808,"
of revolutionary fame. The marble slab is of poor quality,
and has been wantonly broken piece by piece, for tho sake
of relics, until the inscription is partially obliterated.

To the east of this cemetery is the Union soldiers' sleeping
place, a parterre enclosed with a neat board fence, and
ffliose straight rows of graves with their uniform head-
boards, painted white with black inscriptions, present a
scene thrillingly interesting. This graveyard is contiguous
•o the Winchester cemetery, whose monuments and tomb-
stones show marks of the many battles which have been
fought in this vicinity.

April 29th. Fragments of the Rebel army are constantly
coming in, even guerrillas, who ^ere scarcely expected to
give up their work so soon. They, too, are eager for their
parole, sick at heart with the war, and glad to return to
more peaceful pursuits.

A salute was fired to-day on the reception of a telegram
announcing the surrender of Johnston and his army to
Gen, Sherman.

Mai/ ith. At seven this morning the regiment moved out
with a brigade of infantry, the whole in command of Brig.

: m-'tt

196

Historic Records.

Geo. Duval, on the way to Staunton. The march was per>
formed quietly, resembling more a picnic party, than an
assemblage of warriors.

Wo were everywhere received with cordiality, having
nothing to offer but " pettce and good will " to all law-
abiding oitisens. Farmers are in their fields, mechanics in
their shops, merchants display their scanty stores, and a new
lifti is manifested on every side.

May 9<A. The expedition reached Staunton, and camped
in and about the town. It is remarkable how readily paroled
Rebel soldiers a£Eiliate with us, and how anxiously those who
are not paroled seek their papers. The rank and file of tba
llebel Hrmy will return to a cordial submission to our lawi,
more readily than the people generally, who have simplj
looked on the conflict.

May 19 'A. The re^in.<jnt went out with two days' rations
and forage, under light marching orders, to Lexington,
where they captured or arrested Ex-Governor Letcher, and
brought him to Staunton, arriving on the 20th. This ex-
pedition was quite a relief from the monotonous life, which
we are now living. There is not enough to do to keep up
our energies. And as the war is over, and we have aooom-
plished the work we came out to do, there is a very general
desire that we may be mustered out and sent home at an
early day. Several officers and men have sought to dissi-
pate the ennut of our situation, by visiting Weyer's Cave,
near Port Republic on the South Fork Shenandoah.

June 9th, Under order No. 83, Adjutant-General's Office,
mustering out all men whose term of service expires pre-
vious to October 1st, we lost quite a large number of our men
to-day, who left us for home. It was hard in many in-

mm^M

>s.

The march was per
}ionio party, than an

h cordiality, having
od will " to all law.
■ fields, mechanics in
iOty stores, and a new

Mnnton, and camped
I how readily paroled
' anxiously those who
) rank and file of th«
bmission to oar lawi,
f, who haye simplj

jith two days' rations
ders, to Lexington,
vernor Letcher, and
the 20th. This ex-
lotonous life, which
to do to keep ap
>nd we have acoom-
re is a very geBeral
sent home at an
e sought to dici-
ng Weyer's Cave,
enandoah.
t-General's Office,
rrice expires pre-
umber of our men
ibard in manv in-

Fifth New York Cavalry.

197

stances to sever the attachments that have been formed
during our peculiar life and acquaintance.

June \2th. The regiment gladly obeyed ordv 'S to i rm
tu Winchester. We commenced our march at five P. M., with
the design of marching mostly in the cool of evening and
night, and of resting during the heat of day. Our uiarch
was pl'idjantly performed, and we reached Winchester
about noon of the 15th, and vitohed our tenta in Caiup
Ihmmond, which we had left.

Juli/ Ibth. Busy preparations are being made and are
nearly completed for the mustering out of the regiment.
Consequently general gladness prevails in camp. This
inward joy was manifbci^d this evening by a grand camp
iiiumlDation. Candles were placed in rows upon the tents
aud carried up into the trees of the woods where we are
eucamped. Bon^res were built in the company streets, and
torches were carried in procession. Several oflScers of the
field and staff were cheered, and Col. White was called out
for a speech, which he made. The entertainment closed by
banging and burning Jeff. Davis in e&gy. Those who wit-
nessed the novel scenes of the evening will not soon forget
them.

Juli/ l&th. This morning the regiment received the last

general order ever issued to it.

Head QuAimRa Fifth N. Y. Cavalry,

In the Field near Winobester, 7a.,
July 18th, 1866.

In compliance mth orders from the commanding general
the regiment will leave Stevenson's Station this p. m. at
three o'clock, en route to New York city, for final discharge.

Transportation will be furnished for ofilcers' horses to place
of muster out. The regiment will march for the depot at

'••}

.\'*

198.

UisTOHio Records.

twc'.ve M. Every officer and enliHted iran will be in c»nip
to march promptly at that hour. Ku route homo and UDtil
final dinchurgo, it is earuontly hoped the regiment will nus-
tain its good name. •

After four years of hardship and honor yon return u>
your state to be honorably mustered out of service and t(/
return once more to a peaceful I le among your friends and
loved ones. In a few days you will be scattered and the
Fifth New York Cavalry will be no more. The hardships
you have endured ; the comforts of which you have been
deprived ; the cheerful and prompt manner in which jou
have always done your duty, and the successes you have
met with on the battle field, have won the admiraticn of ever;
general officer under whom you have served. Surpassed bj
none, equaled by fbw, your record as a regiment is a glo-
rious and an honorable one.

May your future lives be as prosperous and as full of
honor to yourselves, as the past four years have been to your
country, to your state and to the Fifth New York Cavalry.

A. H. White,

Col Comd'g

6th N. Y. Cavalry.

The regiment was ready to move at the appointed hoar,
and at three p. M. the train that bore many a happy heart,
moved from Stevenson's Station toward Harper's Ferry.

Jul}/ I9th. Our muster out papers all bear this date.
In the City of Brotherly Love at " Cooper Shop," the regi-
ment waf entertained with an excellent supper. Cheerfnil;
we pursued our journey to the metropolis, where we tarried
not long, and on the afternoon of the 20th, we were neatly
encamped on Hart's Island, New York harbor, awaiting our

■;. ill

*^Si£Sii;

•«isj(^, ^-Sr^A, ^ .M>^^ ~.^m»x-^ ' ,.«i*^a^*^'

Fifth Nfw York Cavalry.

199

run will be in camp
oute homo nnd until
e rcginiont will gus-

honor you return to
it of service and tu
>ng your friends and
e scattered and the
>re. The hardships
lich you have been
inner in which jou
successes you have
I admiration of every
rved. Surpassed by
a regiment is a glo-

-ous and as full of
rs have been to your
New York Cavalrj.

mdg

N. Y. Cavalry.

le appointed hour,

lany a happy heart,

arper's Ferry,
bear this date.
3T Shop," the regi-
upper. Cheerfully

where we tarried

1, we were neatly
irbor, awaiting our

tuiu with the paymaster. The Fifth Regiment of Cavalry,
I'il'ih Infantry and Fifth Artillery, N. Y. Vols , met to-
gether for the first time on Hart's Island.

Juljf 2bth. The first and second battalions and Co. I of
the third were paid this afternoon and evening, and many
of the men took boat from the island for home.

July '16th. The remaining three companies of the regi-
ment were paid this morning, and the Fifth New York
Cavalry was no more, except in story.

\ I

■

CHAPTER Xn. .

RegimenUl Ilemi. — Tablet : Oifioeri at Time of Mutter Out. —
Coniin»nding Officeri. — Non-oomniitiioned Staff. — Exhibit of
Btrengib on Monthly Returnt. — Full Htatittioi. — Former Oo-
oupationt of our Men. — Their Placet of Birth. — Marob^ of
the Regiment — Countiet Traterted. — Etoort Duty. — Q«a-
erali under whom we Served. — Burial of Our Dead. — Tablu:
Engagement! and their Caiualtict. — Men Killed in Action. —
Mortally Wounded. — Diioharged by Reaion of Woundt. — Lilt
of Retired Offioeri.

In passiog from the diary of the regiment, we intro-
duce the reader to what may seem more dry and uninterest-
ing, yet not less important, to a vast array of statistios. To
any one but a member or friend of the regiment it may
seem to have been unnecessary to appropriate so much space to
these numbers. Our apology — if indeed any be needed—
shall bo brief. We look upon such tables as invaluable to
correct and full history. Figures often reveal more than
narration. Great pains have been taken lo present them iu
an attractive form, and one convenient for reference, and
no time has been spared in making them reliable. Not less
than three months of hard labor have been consumed in tbe
compilation of these tables, one of them Jone — "eugage-
ments and their casualties" — having occupied nearly one-
third of that time.

Were the historian supplied with such data from eacb

fi ,'■■

■'***»%

:-i-iiiiLJ>f'i^tiij^giijiim^ai^^A^^&it^^i:.!^ M ■'■.•iiSkiii^^^'-

YiTTH New Yobk Cavalhy.

801

le of Muster Out. —
1 Buff. — Exhibit of
istios. — Former Oo-
Birth. — Marob*! of
Isoort Duty. — Gen-
Our Dead. — T»blMi
Killed in Action. -
in of Wounds. — Liit

igiment, we intro-
Iry and nninterest-
r of Btatistios. To

regiment it may
te so much space to
'. any be needed—
i as invaluable to

reveal more thso

0 present them iu
for reference, and
eliable. Not less

1 consumed in the
itlone — " engage-

upied nearly one-

rcjrimont, which htm participated in our terrible struggle
an incalculably interesting and valuable history of this
rebclliun might be compiled at no distant day. But it is to
bo feared that in many instances uot even the number
mach less the names, of our noble defenders, who have
fillen in the conflict, will ever be known to posterity.
While it is a noble thing to die for one's country, it is an
iiinobie thing for survivors not to chronicle the deeds and
iianieH of their loss fortunate companions. We have en-
deavored to do juiitice to the memory of our comrades in
these pages, and if, in any way, we have failed to do it well,
let it not be attributed to a want of devotion to them or to
the facts of history.

With thoughts like these we are doubtless prepared to
enter upon the perusal of the following statistics.

data from each

202

Historic Recobds.

Officers of the Regiment at Time of Muster-out, July 19, '65.

Naxm.

Baxk.

FlKLDAMD SlAII.

Amo!< H. White,»

Theodore A. r.oioe,*

Elmer J. Barker,'

Henry A. D. Merritt,*

Liberty C. Abbott

Fred M. Sawyer,'

Dewitt H. Diokineou,

Joseph A. Phillips,

OrlanJc W. Armstrong,*...

Isaac N. Mead,,..

Kicbard H. Goodoll

Louis N. Boudrye,^~»..».,..

Co. A.

Frazer A. Boulelle,'.

Michael Hayes,*

William T. Boyd,""

Co. B.

Jabei Chambers,"...

Samuel McBride,"

Edward Price,

Co. C.
Benj. M. Whittemore,"....
William Leahey,'*

Colonel, ...
Lieut. Col,,
Major,

Adjutant,

Eegt. Q. M.,.
Hegt, Comm.,

Surgbon,

Ass. Surgeon,
If (I

Chaplain, .>

Captain, ....
1st Liout.,..,
2d Lieut., ..,

Captain,....
1st Lieut.,.,
2d Lieut

Captain, ...
1st Lieut.,..,

Rank at
Tm or
Rntbt.

Tmi ov EsTw,

1st Lieut.
Private,.

IstLient.
As. Surg.
Hosp.St.
As. Surg
Chaplain

Private,

Private, .
Hosp. St.
Private,

Sept.

June

Sept.

Oct.

Aug.

Oct.

May

Mar.

Deo.

May

Jan.

June
Aug.
Dec.

Aug.
Sept.
Aug.

Private,

Sept.
■ Aug.

26, 1861.
15, 1861.
19, 18til.
9, 1861.
26, 1861,
22, 1861.
18, 1862.

8, 1862,

18, 1863,
26, 1862

9, 1864.
81, 1863.

1,1861
15, 1861.

19, 1863.

21, 1861.
28, 1861.
12, 1861,

10, 1861.
11, 1861.

I. Captared Mar *8, '63, Front Royal. Wonnded In foot Jnne 80, '61, Hts-
over. Fa. Shot through body June 1, 'M, Aehland, aiid captnred.

5. Capturwl July 18, '63, Barnett'g Ford. Again captnred Oct. 36, '68, by
Moiby, and received Ave wounds while eBcaplnc from captor.

8. Severely Injured by falling of horse, In chaive, Feb. 9, '63, New B«ltl-
more. Received two grape »hot wonnda May 80, '&, Grierwlch.

4. Received three sabre cuts March '3S\ '68, Chantllly, and ciptpml.
Captured again March 3, '64, near Richmond with Col. Dahlgren. Eac*p(4
n-om priBon, Columbia, S. C, Nov. 36, '64, uiii wa« 80 days In reachhig our
llncB.

6. Captured July 18, '68, Orao-:* C. H. Wonnded In right hand ilighUr,
Oct. 19, '68, Bockland Milli.

6. Remained voluntarily with Major White, who wai suppoced to be mor-
tally wonnded, June 1, '64, Aehland, and captnred.

7. Captnred July C, '63, Monterey Pass, Pa. Released Oct. 7, '63.

8. Severely Injured by falling of horse, in charge, June 80, '63, Hanover, P».
». Wounded Hllghtlj and captured June 80, '63, Hancver, Pa.

10. Captured Juno 39, '64, Reams Mtatlon. Escaped from priaon, ColimiUl,
3. C, Nov. 4, '64, and was 31 dsys lu reaching our Unci.

II. Captnred July 8, 'm. Hsgerstown, Md.

13, Severely wounded Mav 3, 'KS, Wairenton Junction.

18. Captured June 30, '64. 'Reams Station. Escaped from prison, CnlomUi,
B. C, Nov. 4th, '64, aud was 81 days lu reaching our lines.

14. Wonnded in arm March 33, '63, Cliautltly.

IDS.

uittr-out, July 19, '65.

Fifth New York Cavalry.

203

Rank at

TlMK OF

TtMM

o» Bntbt.

Gmtbt.

IstLieut.

Sept.

26, 1861.

Private,.

June

15, 1861,

Sept.

19, 18til.

Oct.

9, 1861.

Aug.

26, 1861.

i«

Aug.

22, 1861.

Oct.

18, 1862.

iBtLient.

May

3, 1862.

A3. Surg.

Mar.

18, 1863.

Hogp.St.

Deo.

26, 1862

As. Surg.

May

9, 1864.

Chaplain

Jan.

81, 1863.

Private, .

June

1,1861

Aug.

15, 1861.

Dec.

10, 1863.

Private, .

Aug.

21, 1861.

losp. 81.

Sept.

28, 1861.

'rivate. .

Aug.

12, 1861.

'rivate, .

Sept

10, 1861.

Aug.

11, 1861.

ed In foot Jone 80, '68, Ha-
aiid captured.
In captured Oct. S6, '88, by
rrom captor.

;e, Feb. 9, '68, New »«ia-
Grjerwlch.

ChautlllT, and captured.
Col. Bahlgren. Eacaptd
80 days in reacniDg out

kded In right band iUghtljr,

|o was snpposed to be moi-

keaaed Oct. 7, '68.

1 June 30, '63, Hanorer, Pi.

^ancvcr. Pa.

Bd fi-om priaott, ColumbU,
lliuca.

ption.

I from prison, Colombtti
r Hneii.

Offiiert of the Regiment at Time of Muster-ovt, July 19,' 65.

Namm.

Rank.

Kank at

TiMB OP

Bntbt.

TixB or Entbt.

Patrick Tiffany,...

Co. D.

lUnsoni A. Perkins

.leremiiib J. Callanan,'..

Co. B.

Foster DickinsoD,'

Miiilhew Strait,' ,

.Vddison S. Thompson,*,

Co. F.

William D. Lucas,*

Merritt N. Chafey, ,

John K. Jeffrey,* ,

Co. O.

John H. Wright,' ,

William H. Knight,'

.Abijih Spafford,

Co. H.
Eugene B Hayward,*...

I.ucins F. Renne,'"

Clark M. Pease,

Co. I.
Edmund Blunt, Jr.,"...

t'hristopber Heron,

William M. Conklin,

Co. K.
Laurence L. O'Connoa,..

Thomas O'Keefe,

Nathaniel M. Talmage,.

Co. L.
George C. Morton,

2U Lieut.,.

IstLieut.,.,
2d Lieut.,..

Captain, ...
1st Lieut.,..
2d Lieut.,.,

Captain, ...
let Lieut.,..
2d Lieut., ..

Captain, ...
1st Lieut.,.,
2d Lieut.,..

Captain, ...
Ist Lieut,,.,
2d Lieut.,.

Captain, ...
Ist Lieut.,
2d Lieut.,..

Captain, ....
Ist Lieut.,
2d Lieut.,..

Captain, ,

Private,.

Private, .

Private,.

2d Lieut,
Private,.

Pri/ate,,

Private,,

2d Lieut.
Private,.

2d Lieut.
Private,,

2d Lieut,

Aug. 8, 1861.

Sept. 26, 1861.
Sept. 28, 1861.

Aug. 26, 186L
Aug. 81, 1861.
Aug. 26, 1861.

Aug. 30, 1861.
Sept. 12, 18<U.
Oct. 6, 1862.

Aug. 22, 186'1.
Sept. 1, 1861.
Cept. 9, 1861.

Oct. 1, i861.
Oc... 1, 1861,
Oct. 1, 1861.

Sept. 26, 1862.
Sept. 4, 1861.
April 8, 1863.

Oct. 16, 1861.
Sept. 16, 1861.
Oct. 9, 1861.

Sept. 3, 1861.

1. Sabre cnt In right hand June 80, '68, Hanover, Pa.
'i. Wounded in left le^ June 1, '84, Ashland.

3. Sabre cnt ou wrixt Oct. 11, '68, Brandv Station. Gun shot in thlsh
March 1, 'M, near Kichmund. Wounded slightly In hand Sept. 19, '64, Wm-
cliwter.

4. Captured March 3.3, '63, Ch&ntllly. Escaped from guards the 34th. Re-
citpiiirfn iind nuroled the 35th.

a. (Aptiircd July 7. '63, near Tllllameport, Md. Released March, 1866.

t). Wounded slightly Oct. 11, '68, Brandy SUtlon.

7. Captured June 3t), '68. Hanover, Pa.

s. Ciiptured Sept. 8, '64, White Post. Escaped ftt)m prison, Colombia,
S (' , Dec. •*(, 'H4, and was 18 duya in reaching our lines.

!• Wounded in left arm Aug. 3. '63. Orange C. H., and by a shell slightly
in the ihlL'h March 1, 'tM, near Richmund.

10. !<liKluly wounded by enerrillaei In left shoulder May IS, '6S, Tom's Brook.

11. Wounded la left ear Aug. 3S, '64, Kearneysvllle tation.

:.s«K«t:.::.:;:.n:,^

if»3*'-'

-.t..,i'..'..i,^:X>«i-.r

204

Historic Records.

Officer* of the Regiment at Time of Muster-out, July 19, '65

Naxm.

BiJIK.

Rank AT

TlMB OF TllM or EXTRr.

Edtrt.

William H. WJiitoomb,'

Peter MoMullen,'

let Lieut., «...
2d Lieut

Captain,

lit Lieut.,

2d Lieut

Private,.
•«

Privace, .
««

Oct. 1, 1861.
Not. 18, 1861.

Co. M.
Wilbur P. Oaklev.'

Oct. 28, 1861.

Wrr.iaM 0. Peckham,*

JuBius Travis

Aug. 31, 1861.
Sept. 20, 1881,

1. Captnrrd M>7 6, '63, HiUTiiionbnrK. E»capedbyi>trat«Kein. Again ctptared
July 6, 'ttS, IlaKcnitoivD, Hd. Wounded Id Deck elightly, Hay 6, '04, Pirker't
Store.

St. HIlKbtW wonnded iu left hand, May S, '64, Parkor'o Store.

8. Wdiimiod in head, Oct. 10, '63, JameaCtty; arain in head Aug. 96, 'M,
KeariicyHvillo Statiou.

4. Wounded In breaot, June 1, '64, Ashland.

Officers who have Commanded the Regiment.

NAUa

OthnielDeForest,
KobertJobnstone
John Hammond,
William P. Bacou
Abram H. Krom,
Kliiier J. Barker.
Theo. A. Boice,
Amos H. White,

Rank at

Time of

Relief

fh>m

CoRHnand^

Colonel,.
Lt. Col.,
Colonel,
Lt- Col.,
Major,...
Captain,
Lt. Col,
Colonel,.

Rank at

Time of

Taking

Command

Date of Taking
Cuu-niaud.

Date of Rellrf
from Cummiuid.

Colonel,.
Lt. Col.,
Major,...
Lt. CoL,
Major,...
Captain ,
Major,...! Uct.
Colonel,.' Ueo.

Oct.

Sept.

June

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

1, 18U1.
10, 18«1.

1, 1868.
80, 18C4.
12, 1864.
19, 1864,
2\, 1864.
19, 1804.

Sept.

.lune

Aug.

Sept.

Got.

Oct.

Deo.

July

10, 1862.
1, 1863.
80, 1864.
12, 1864.
19, 1864.
21, 1864.
19, 1864.
28, 1865.

Non- Commissioned Staff, July 19, 1865.

Naxh.

Rank.

Rank at
Tme OF
Kntbt in
Rboimknt.

Tina or KNTBT.

Dennis O'Flaherty,'
William C. Page,'...
Klicbael Dunigaa,'..
Cliarles B. Thomas,
Stephen D. Oreen,*..
David F. Woloott,...
Dennis O'Brien,

Sergt. Maj.,
Ilosp. St.,..
Q.M. Sergt.,
Com'y Sergt
ChiefBuglr.
Saddler Sgt.
Vetr'ySigu.

Private,...

July 2, 1861

Jan. 16, 1868

Sept. 16, 1861,..
Sept. 21, 1861,...
Aug. 22, 1861,...
March 10, 1862,.
Aug. 22, 1862,...

1. Captured Hanover, Pa., Juno no, '68. Again Oct. S9, ■B8,Thoronghl!«reO«p.
— 9. Captured Oct. 11, '6.3, Brandy Station.— 3. Ca_ptnred Oct, 10, 'tS, HusmU i
Ford.— 4. For a lung time Krigudc, aud Uiviaion Bugler.

■■^«iunj6:'.

■;^-i:X,»l^^^iiiimA^i^^f^'M>-^^^^'^' -i^^'SaSi**"

ler-out, July 19, '65

NX AT

>( or

Tun o» EKTur.

HTBT.

vate,.

Oct. 1, 1861.

NoY. 18, 1861.

▼ai«, .

Oct. 28, 1861.

<•

Aug. 31, 1861.

Sept. 20, 1861.

tratapem. Again capfured

htly, May 6, "W, Parkeri

pr'a Store.

tin in head Aug. %,'U,

\e Regiment.

raking

Dnto of Relief

BUd.

firom Cumnuuid.

18U1.

Sept. 10, 1862.

18«1.

June 1, 1863.

1868.

Aug. 30, 1864.

1UU4.

Sept. 12, 1864.

1864.

Out. 19. 1864.

1864.'Oot. 21, 1864.

1864. Deo. 10, 18C4.

1864. July 28, 1865.

19, 1865.

Tim OF INTBT. £ fc 3

a«2

iiy 2, laei

n. 16, 1863

pt. 16, 1861,..

1).

pt. 21, 1861,...

ig. 22, 1861,...

irch 10, 1862,.

ig. 22. 1862,...

FiFi'H New York Cavalry.

205

The folloicing will exhibit the Nion-ComtniMioned Staff in the
order in which they were appointed from the orffunixatioH
of the regiment : —

Sergeants Major, — John Greenback, Reg't, from Co.
K ; James Seddinger, Ist Battalion, B ; George T. Smith, Ist
Batt., B; Richard C. Stananought, 2d Batt., G; Warner
Miller, 3d Batt., I; Alexander Gall, SdBatt., I; Richard C.
Stananought, Reg't; Alexander Gall, Reg't; Fred M. Saw-
yer, Reg't, C ; Lewis J. Gorham, Reg't, H.

Hospital Stewards, — Samuel McBride, Joseph Par-
melee, Richard Marion, Isaac N. Mead.

Quarter Master Sergeants, Simpson, Reg't; W.

F. Haviland, Ist Batt. ; Fred Paul, 2d Batt. ; Alfred K.
Wil8on, 3d Batt. ; Dewitt H. Dickinson, Reg't; David H.
Scofield, Reg't, K.

Commissart Serqeants, — Miles L. Blanchard, 1st
Batt. ; William Banta, 2d Batt. ; Daniel Hitchcock, 3d Batt. ;
Merritt N. Chafey, Reg't, F.

Chief Buglers, — Luke 3. Williams, P ; Conrad Bohrer,
I ; Julius G. Lamb, I ; Robert Heisser, D ; Louis Erdman, M.

Saddler Sergeants, — John J. Bush, Ist Batt. ; William
B. Vincent, 2d Batt., G ; Asahel S. Loliman, 3d Batt., M.

Veterinary Surgeon, — John Young, B.

Veterinary Sergeants, — James Jelly, 1st Batt, B. ;

A. D. Styles, 2d Batt., P.; William G. Edwards, 3d Batt. L

Whole number on Mutttr Rolli, a* thovm by monthly rttum* of th*
folloicing dates;

Datei.

fiS, ThoronghfBrt' Gup.
c'd Oct, 10, 'tis, KamwU 1

October, 1861,.
Janiiiiry, 1862,.

April, 1862

July, 1862

October, 1862,.
Jaiumry, 1863,...
.\pril, 1863,
July, 1803,..

Oomm.

Enlisted

Offlcera.

Men.

1064

932

Oil

607

668

628

620

634

Dates.

October, 1863,..
January, 1864,.

April, 1864,

July, 1864,.

October, 1864,..
January, 1866,.

April, 1866

July, 19, 1866,..

Corom.
OlBceni.

Rnllsted
Men.

88
82
86
82
26
88
46
47

622
596
979
814
780
778
1007
064

t-:.'9

y.\-i^^i v.rrJv^ ;-.-ti^-:S_S:iVr:-..

206

IIisTOBic Records.

II !

Stattsticaf Recorc

of the

Reffiment.

Original number of men 1064,

Enlisted

men discharged by

ReoruitB added 1074,

reason of ■

Original number of offioerB,

60,

wounds, 25,

Whole number of officers,...

124,

•« discharged for

Original officers remaining.

Phyeical

Officers from the Ranks,

86,

Dinikbility, .. 295,

killed and mortally

" discharged at

wounded,

expiration

wounded,

an.

of term, 802,

captured,

19.

" discharged by

died of Disease

order of

dismissed by Court

President,,.. 2,

Martial,

10,

" transferred to

discharged by order

other Com-

War Department,.

mands, 103,

resigned,

87,

" deserted 826,

discharged at ex-

*< recnlisted in

piration of term,..

18,

1864 212,

Enlisted men killed and

Number of Battles fought, .. 62,

moi

■tally wounded

75,

" Skirmishes " .. 119,

Enlisted mou wounded

286,

" Wounds receiT-

<«

*' captured

617.

ed in action,. 820,

'• killed acci-

Men lost in action and

dentally, ....

IB.

neyer

beard from 18.

" died in Rebel

Men remaining July 19, '66, 694,

Prisons

114,

Original

Veterans remain-

" died of Dis-

ing, ..

167,

ease, O0,l0riginal horses remaining,..

Former Occupationt of Us Menibers.

That the regiment might have constituted a very respect-
able colony in itself, fnlly able to go and possess the laud
and to establish therein the various trades and occupations
necessary to progress in all the departments of human thought
and activity, may be inferred from the following avocations
which it represented, with the comparative number of men
belonging to each. Farmers 578, laborers 226, olorks 65,
boatmen 54, blacksmiths 50, carpenters 88, sailors 88, shoe-
makers 29, teamsters 28, mechanics 25, painters 16, soldiers
16, machinists 14, tailors 14, butchers 13, printers 12,

^m^^^^^^^^^^^^mS^^^i^i^^'-

Fifth Nhw York Cavalry

207

ffi'ment.

sn discharged by '
reason of •
wounds, 25

' discharged for
Physical
Disability, .. 295,

' discharged at
expiration
of term, 802,

' discharged by
order of
President,,.. 2,

' transferred to
other Com-
mands, 108,

deserted 825,

reculisted in
1864 212,

Hfittles fought, .. 62,

Skirmishes " ., ng^

Wounds receiv-
ed in action,. 820,

n action and

fd from 18,

ng July 19, '66, m,

terans remain.

167,

ses remaining,..

rubers.

ted a very respcct-
d possees the laud
I and occupation;

of human thought
llowing avocations
9 Dumber of men
« 226, dorks 65,
I, sailors 88, shoe-
intera 16, soldiers

13, printers 12,

coopers 11, masons 9, molders 9, millers 9, bakers 9, stu-
dents 8, lumbermen 7, tinsmiths 6, harness makers 6, stage
drivers 6, showmen 5, hatters 5, merchants 5, engineers 5,
hostlers 5, barbers 5, artists 5, stone cutters 5, wagon
aakcrs 5, ministers 4, lawyers 4, spinners 4, bartenders 4,
ivhcelwrights -i, mariners '4, book keepers 4, carmen 4,
cigar makers 4, tobacconists 3, ship carpenters 3, sleigh-
nmkers 3, sawyers 3, peddlers 3, seamen 3, curriers 3, coach-
men 3, carriage makers 3, farriers 3, wagoners 3, saddlers
3, wool carders 3, bricklayers 2, wire-workers 2, bloomers 2,
vaiters 2, sawmakers 2, sailmakers 2, jewelers 2, upholster-
ers 2, expressmen 2, grocers 2, shoebinders 2, spinners 2,
cabirntmakers 2, musicians 2, brushmakers 2, joiners 2,
teachers 2, riiiners 2, veterinary surgeons 2, firemen 1, en-
gravers 1, fishermen 1, papermukers 1, wood choppers 1,
roofers 1, file cutters 1, telegraph operators 1, apothecaries 1,
clothiers 1, mill hands 1, salesmen 1, burnishers 1, tanners
1, boiler makers 1, grooms 1, brewers 1, lithographers 1,
gardeners 1, porters 1, morocco dressers 1, packers 1, jailors
1, locksmiths 1, grainers 1, dressers 1, confectioners 1, cooks
1, druggists 1, .doctors 1, travellprs 1, coppersmiths 1,
colliers 1, iron-masters 1, pailtnakers 1, millwrights 1, book-
binders 1, drovers 1, cobbler?' l, watchmakers 1, cotton
makers 1, caulkers 1, manufacturers '', hewers 1, curry-
comb makers 1, minstrels 1, hotel keepers 1, blockmakcrs 1,
gilders 1, axemakers 1, making in all 126 different occupa-
tions.

State* and Countries represented.
It is not strange that so many men, representing so many
and varied walks of life, should have sprung from many
different states and countries ; nor is it a matter of minor

'■i^&

208

HiSTORio Recohos.

importance to ascertain what regions have contributed
thought and muscle for the great work of crushing this
gigantic rebellion. The men of the Fifth New York GaTairy
had their birth in the following places :

New York 797, Pennsylvania 91, New Jersey 39, Massa-
chusetta 32, Vermont 31, Connecticut 18, Ohio 8, Mary-
land 4, Michigan 4, Maine 8, New Hampshire 3, Illinois 2,
South Carolina 2, North Carolina I, Mississippi 1, Pelaware
1, District Columbia 1, Bocky Mountains 1, Ireland 221,
Qermany 75, Canada 65, England 62, Scotland 12, Prussia
12, France 8, Switzerland 3, Poland 2, Wales 2, Spain 2,
Sweden 2, Australia 1, Italy 1, Belgium 1, Denmark 1,
Saxony 1, Nova Scotia 1, New Brunswick 1.

The tallest man ever in the regiment was Jacob H. Ten
Eyok, Co. M, 6 feet 4 inches ; the shortest, John Catlin,
Co. A, 4 feet 5 inches.

Joumeyingt of the Regiment.
If you take a map of the United States or a good War
map, and a pencil, I will enable you to trace the contoar of
the country in which the regiment has fought its battles
and made ita marches. Place your pencil on the memorable
field of Gettysburg, Pa., and move due east to Hanover,
thence southeasterly to the head oi^ Chesapeake bay. Follow
the bay to the mouth of James river, and up the river to
Fort Powhatan on south side. From the fort, strike a
straight line to Jarretts Station on the Weldon and Peters-
burg rail road, and bearing due west, pass through Christian-
ville, thence a lijtle north of west to Roanoke Station, where
the Danville and Bichmond rail road crosses the Staunton
river. Here you may rest awhile for you are more than
half way round. Following the rail road northward to Burkes-

'■■"^mm'tH'-rft ■xm^f^iit^iM^e^i»§0A'-

G have contributed
)rk of crushing this
h New York Cavalry

w Jersey 39, Massa-
18, Ohio 8, Mary,
ipshire 3, Illinois 2,
isissippi 1, Delaware
lins 1, Ireland 221,
Scotland 12, Prussia
, Wales 2, Spain 2,
ium 1, Denmark],
ski.

was Jacob H. Ten
rtest, John Catlio,

ient.

ates or a good War

race the contour of

fought its battles
il on the memorable
5 east to HanoTer,
peake bay. Follow
ttd up the river to

the fort, strike a
'eldon and Peters-
through Christian-
oke Station, where
Mses the Staunton
>u are more than
rthward to Burkes-

Fiprn Nbw York Cavalry.

209

TJlic, we will go west to Appomattox Court House ; strike a
straight line to Lexington on the James, west of the Blue
ridge and thence north to Moorefield. Now draw your line
northeastly through Martinsburg; continue it through
Hafjerstown, Md. , and back again to Gettysburg. The ter-
ritory inclosed by this line has been traversed by the regi-
ment, and some portions of it many times.

I insert the counties through which the regiment has
marched, beginning with those we have traversed most fre-
quently and with which we are best acquainted :—

Fairfax, Va., Culpepper, Frederick, (in these the regi
ment spent three successive winters,) Clarke, Jefferson,
Loudon, Prince William, Fauquier, Madison, Orange, Spott-
syivania, Shenandoah, Rockingham, Augusta, Warren, Page,
Stafford, Rappahannock, Berkeley, Hampshire, Hardy, Ca-
roline, Hanover, King William, New Kent, Henrico, Charlea
City, Louisa, Rockbridge, James City, York, Gloucestei,
Prince George, Dinwiddle, Nottoway, Prince Edward, Ap
pomattox, Charlotte, Mecklenburg, Lunenburg, Brunswick
Sussex, and King George ; — Montgomery, Md., Frederick,
Carroll, and Wash" -;^'tonj — York, Pa., and Adams.

Escort Duty for Oenerah.
The regiment was appointed escort for Gen. Pope, August
27, '62, and served till Sept. 4, '62. It was appointed
eecort for Gen. Sheridan, Nov. 24, '64, and occupied the
position till April, '65.

Oenerah under whom the Regiment has served.
Gen. N. P. Banks, commanding Army of the Shenandoah
Gen. John Pope, commanding Army of the Potomac.
Gen. Heintzelman, commanding Defenses of Washington

3^.1

210

UiSTOBio Records.

Gens. Hooker and Meade, commanding Army of the
Potomac.

Gen. P. H. Sheridan, commanding Army of the She-
nandoah.

Gens. Stoneman, Pleasanton and Torbert, commanding
Cavalry Corps.

Gen. John P. Hatch, commanding Cavalry with Gen,
Banks.

Gen. John Buford, commanding Cavalry with Gen. Pope.

Gen. Stahel, commanding Cavalry Division under Gen.
Heintzelman.

Gens. Kilpatriok, John H. Wilson, George A. Custer
commanding 3d Division, Cavalry Corps.

Gens. Elon J. Farnsworth (killed July 8, '63, Gettys-
burg), Henry E. Davies, Jr., J. B. Mcintosh (wounded in
left leg, amputated, Sept. 19, '64, Winchester), commanding
Ist Brigade, 3d Division, Cavalry Corps.

The following Colonels, acting Brigadier Generals, have
also commanded us, Wyndham, De Forest, John Hammond,
and 0. M. Pennington.

Burial of our Dead.

By reference to the table of " Men killed in Action," it
will be seen that many of our brave comrades were left un-
buried on the bloody fields were they fell, many of whose
bones have doubtless bleached in the sun and rain, throngh
the wilderness and along the river courses of Virginia. But
fortunately we were permitted to perform the solemn rites
of burial and pay the last honors to some of them, the
memory of whose graves will frequently call forth the sym-
pathetic tear, and stimulate us to the performance of heroic
deeds. To thee, 0 land of our birth ! and to thee, proud

!^^^ 411

■«-Va>-a> v-.fc4<a#A.ftA^Sf»i*»«^«^^5i^M^Sffi^*ift^

ding Anny of the

Army of the She-

•rbert, commanding

Cavalry with Gen.

Iry with Gen. Pope.

division under Gen.

'■-">.
ft

George A. Custer

aJy 8, '68, Gettyg.
[ntosh (wounded in
ester), commanding

tier Generals, hare
t, John Hammond,

lied in Action," it

rades were loft un-

many of whose

and rain, through

of Virginia. But

the solemn rites

•me of them, the
ill forth the sym-

brmance of heroic
d to thee, proud

J^iFTH New Yohk Cavalry.

211

Flag of the free, we feel unwonted love, since you have
both been bathed with the pure blood of our nuble dead !

Wo have endeavored to indicate the resting places of our
companions by rude head-boards with their names engraved
or cut thereon, though often nothing has been left to iden-
tify the precious remains, except the tree that waved in
mournful requiem over them, or the rock that stood as their
eternal safeguard. Around those quick-made graves we
were often compelled hastily to assemble, and from them,
perhaps, more hastily to retire, with no funeral note or word,
but not without a purpose. Occasionally the military salute
baa been fired, the brief eulogium and prayer been pronuno-
ed,> and we have left our comrades to slumber, hvJ, not to be
forgotten. In some instances we have learned, with satis-
faction, that the enemy had given our dead a decent inter-
ment, and we are conscious of having often returned tho
favor. Whenever it has been possible the remains of our
comrades have been embalmed and sent home to their
friends, to molder by the side of kindred dust.

' See Burial of Sergt. Sortore, p. 188.

S'J^*Sft;iffsr?Sg#>

iLi,i;it;S^JSe(«^

212

Historic Records.

Engnge.mentt and their Catualtien.

I' I

Placi or ENOAomMT.

Port Kepubllc

Coiirad'H Store, l.nmj Valley,
ItockliiKhiim Kumace, "

Conrad « Htore

Ilarrlnouburg

rohimbia Bridge, Lorajr Vy,

W(Kid»tock,

WoodKtock,

Front Koyal,

Middletown

Newtown Croci Roadi,

Winchester,

Ilan«'r'« Ferry,

C'harleiitown,

Martlnnhnrg,

Sperryvllle,

Culpepper C. H.,

Orange C. H.,

Liberty Mllla,

Rapldnn Statlonj.

Itarnott'i! Ford, Rapidan,..

Orange C. U.,

Cedar Mountain,

Louisa C, H., ^...

Kelly's Ford, Rappahannock,

Waterloo Bridge,

CentrevUle, ,

Groveton,

Bull Run

ChantUly

Antletam,

Ashby's Gap,

Leesnurg,

Uppervitle,

Tboroughfore Gap,

Hay Market,

New Baltimore,

Cedar Hill

Hopewell Gapj.

Thoroaghhre Gap,

Htddleburg,

UppervUle,

Aldle

Snicker's Gap,

Berryvllle,

Aldle,. ,

Cub Ron, ,

Prying Pan, ,

Ctjb Ron ,

Mlddleburg,

New Baltimore,

Warren ton,

Natubi,

I Jan. 6, n.%. .

I Jan. 6, "63, .
Jan. 86, 'fi.3, .
58 Feb. 9, '8.3, .
68 IFeb. 10, '63, .

Battle, ..
HklrniUh,.
Battle, . . .

Skirmish,.

1 I May 9, '««,., Skirmish,..

9 !.M»y 3. "O'J,

8 May 4, 'M,

4 May B, '««,

6 May 6, 'SU,

n Muy 8, 'Ba,

T May 14, 'IK,

R May SI, '««,

0 May 28, 'B»,

in May M, BS,

11 May !M, 'tt«,

IS M«v!i5, '68,

18 I.May 28, '62,

14 May 31. "6%

15 May 81, '62,
lA July 6, '62,

17 July 12, '62,

18 July 17, m,

19 July 17, '62,
90 JulylH, '62,
81 July 18, '62,
99 Aug. 9, '69,
88 Aug. 9, '69,
94 Aug. 10, '68,
96 Aug. 17, '68,

26 Aug. 90, '62,

27 Aug. 94, '89,

88 Aug. 88, '62,

89 Aug. 89, '69,
m Aug. 80, '68,
81 H«pt. 1, '68,
32 Sept. 19, '62,

83 8ept.39, '68,

84 Oct. 16, '62,
SS Oct. 17, '68,

86 Oct. 18, '68,

87 Oct. 18, '68,

88 Nov. 6, '68,

89 Nov. 6, '68,

40 Nov. 8, '62,

41 Nov. 11, '68,

43 Nov. 18, '62,
48 Nov. 16, '62,

44 Nov. 29, '62,
46 Nov. 80, '62,

46 Nov. 30, '62,

47 Dec. 18, '62,

48 Dec. 81, '89,

Comm. I'SnTIttl
Ofllcem.l Mea.

nihil

g 5,g.ii= s a.

Skirmish,.
BatUe, . . .

HUrmlah,.

Fifth New York Cavalry.

218

laltiei.

Engaijementt and their Ca»ualtie», Rontinued.

Comm.
Ofllcent.

II Mm.

rml«h,..'.

tie. ..
ruilsh,.

tie, . . .

rmtsb,,

Plaoi or Knoaoimikt.

No.

Oati.

NATcmi.

Spotted Tavern,

Alillc

chaiilllly

W'lilu mln«

Warrentun JunctlOD,

i Irci'n wlch,

Middlflmrc,

Ilmiover, Pn

Iluiiti'ri'town, P«.,

(Mlynbuiv, Pft.^.

Monterey I'bsh, P».,

!*inlthhurg, Md.,

IIat,t!ri>towD, Md

BoonKboro', Md.,

UaKemtowD, Md., ,

A»Bbv'« G»p,

Pnrt ronway,

Culpepper C. H.,

Soniervllle Ford, Robertson,.

Broukin'8 Ford, Rapldan,

Ilszel Klver Bridge,

CtlghrevUle

RiiMell's Ford, Robertson,. . .

J«me»01ty,

Hiwrryvllle Pike,

Bnndy Station,

Oruveton,

Oroveton,

liniveton,

(lalnesvllle,

Bufkland Mill

Stcvcimburg,

Oermaula Ford, Rapldan, ....

Raccoon Ford, Rapldan,

KuccooQ Ford,

EIt's Pord, Rapldan

Ellis' Ford, Rappahannock, . .

Ilsrapton's Cross Roads,

Ui'fiimes of Richmond,

llHuover Town,

Ajrletts

Stephftnsvllle,

Field'it Ford, Rappahannock,

Suuthard'e Cross Roads

I'apker's Store,

Wilderness

fiermnnla kofd,

MsBoaponax Chorch,

Ny River,

Pii River

Po River .'."

Msttapony River

Milford SuiUon,

*»'»=i(*.'5s*«attffis

M Feb.
SB {March
S6 I March

SB
90
91
9S
98
94
flfi
06
97
06
99
100
101

loa

103
KM

ine

lOU

April

May

June

Jane

Jnly

July

Jnly

Sept.

8ept.

Sept.

Oct.

Oct

Oct.

Nov,

Nov.

Not.

10, '08,

4, '««,
8»,'(B,
98, 'fiS,

8,'tBJ,
80. 'BS,

10, '(«,
80, 'BS,

5, 'B8,
8,'Ba,
4, '«8,
B, -BB,
«,'68,
8, 'B8,

11, "BS,
M, '88,

4, '88,
18, '68,
14, '68,
M, '68,
». '68,

8, '68,
10, '68,
10, '88,
11, '68,
11, '8.S,,
IB, '6«,i
IT. '63,
18, '88,
18, '68,
19, '68,

8, '63,
18, 'fl.3,
88, '0.3,
*I, '83,

Skirmish,.

Battle,

Skirmisb,
Battio,...

Skirmish,.

ti
Battle,...

Skirmish,'.

Jan. 19,
Jan. as,
Feb. 6,
March 1,
March 3,
March 3,
March a,
March 4,
March 11,
May 6.

Battle. . . .
Skirmish,.
Mattle, . . .
Skirmish,.

Battle, . . .
Skirmish,.

BatUe, . . .
Skirmish,.

May
May

May 15,

May 16,

IMay 17,

May 18,

jMay 81,

IMay 21,

'64,
•61,
'84,
'64,
'64,
'64,
Bl,
'(W,
64

'64! Battle, ...
'M, " ...
'&t,ISkirmlsh,.
61,
'B»,
•61,
'M,
'«■!,
'tM,

Battle, .

Comm. SulUt'd
Officers. Men.

189

18
1
8

m
1

tt-i

1 ii

'smmmmmmm^^m^m^^'^^s^'^-

814

Historic Records.

EngagemenU and thr.ir £!atuaUie$, oontinoed.

Plaoi or RNOAosKairr.

Mt.Otnnol Church,.

Morlli Anna Hirer,.

Mttic Klvor

HlKnnl Hill

IlMUovrrC H

A'lilaml HUtloa,

Palcni I'hurch

iiothcU'lmrch,

Hiiuly drove

White Oak Hwamm,. ..
White llimae Ijindloff,..

Blacka and White*

Nottoway C. It

Koani>k« Station,

Htony ( 'reek Htatlon,. . . .

Kt^ama Htatlon

Rowanty Oeek,

Htony Cruek

Maryland Hcl(;htf

Maryland Ilclghta,

ItiH-KvlUe

Toll Gate.

I'oolpavllie,

Siilckor'n Ferry,

Kernntown

WlncheBter,

Opo|uan Creek,

Biiiiuiilt Point,

Charlentown

DntHold Htatlon. ..

Ki-nrni'yavllle S'iatlon, ,

Perry ville,

BerryvlUe,

Oimqaan Creek,

Opeqiian Oreek,

0|M'<|uan Creek,

Obeqnan Creek,

WlnihcKter,

Crooked Uun,

Fnint K<>val

/ "^ury Ciiurch,

Aili^ra, Luro" Valley,.

I'.t. dorldlan,

\Vft /Ueaboro',

H-idce water

'trock'B Oap,

yoreatvlUe,.

Tom'a Brook,

Cedar Creek,

L<!lianon Church,

Cedar Creek,

Ut, Jackaon,

No.

Natcbi.

Comm

107
ION
ion
110
111
IW
11?
114
115
116
117
IIH
111)
110
181
IJM
1!M
134
ISA
11N>
187
18H
180

lau

181
188
188
l»t
18S
186
187
13H
188
14fJ
141
148
143
144
146
146
147
148
140

lao
isi

1S8
1A8
IM
IIU.
1S6
1S7
158

lao

Hay
May

May
May

Jane

June

lane

June

Jane

June

luue

Jane

(nno

June

Jane

June

Juiiu

July

Auu.

Aug.

Auk.

Aug.

Sept.

Sept,

Sept.

Oct.

iOct.

INov.

Nov.

*S,'H4,

M, '64,

86, '64,

81, '64,

1. '64,

«,'64,

10, '61,

11, '61,

16, '64,
10, '64,
88, '64,

88, '64,
85, 'M,
3H.'64,

89, ••»,

80, "64,
88, "64,

6, 'tM.

7, M,
10, '64,
ia.'64.
15, 'O^-
18, 'M.
!M, 'M,.

17, •"•■
10, '64,

81, 'M..
88, '64,
88, '64,-
85, 'M,.

i '64,.
4, "Bl-
7 'M.-

15, '64..
17 'M,-
10, '«*<■
80, '64.-
31, '64,-
81, '64. ■
83, '64,.

87, '«.■

88^ 'W. •

8^'64,-

«^ Si''

7, '64,.

9. '64,.
18, '64,.
14, 'M.-
10. '*»,,
IS, '64,
88, "tM,

Battle.. . . .
Bklrnilah,.

Battle, . . .
SklrmUh,.

Battle,...
Sklrmlah,.

Battle, .

Bklrmlsh,.
Battle, ...
Sklrmlah,.

Battle, . . .

Sklrmlah,.

Battle,...
Sklrmlah,.

Battle, . . .
Hkirmlih,.

Battle, ....
Sklrmlah,..

'Batllti.

Skirmish,.

Battle

H'-.irmlah,.,

Battle. ....
Sklrmiah,.,

Battle,. ..'
Sklrmlah,..

1811
t

I I

8)4

.. t
I I
. t
S«

,. 1
*\ 1

t Ik

1 '<.

216

Historic Records.

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pa i-a 00 cc eacQ M

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fa2t-.

S S «

z ■i t "O

rib

■c <a "C ^ : T

9 0) S O 9

ca i-ancQ ca

1-5 e

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hJCQ

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CHAPTER Xin.

'.' t

i: '

Mementos to Officers, — Col. 0. DeForest. — Col. Jolin Ilammond.
— Surgeon Lucius P. Woods. — Major A. II. Krom. — Major E.
J. Darker Capt. L. L. O'Connor.

No pains have been spared by the author to secure doca-
nients in which honorable mention had been made of officera
and privates for meritorious conduct in battles, but with
only partial success. Such as have been obtained are
inserted, though many names ought to have been added to
this list, Tfhose deeds were glorious, and would embellish
the pages of any history.

CoLONKL 0. Deforest.

We have been furnished with an interesting account of
the presention of a horse to Col. DeForest, clipped from a
New York daily, which we are pleased to give in this place.
It is as follows :

" The friends of Col. DeForest met yesterday (October,
1861), in front of his dwelling. No. 97 East Forty-ninth
street, and presented him with a very acceptable token of
thei' appreciation of him as an officer, and also of hia
unequaled efforts in raising the brigade to which he is
attached. The present was a splendid light dappled gray
stallion, well known as the < General Jackson ' of Cherry
Valley. He is seven years old^ a noble animal, and was

■-^^^ ^mi^>- rM^M^

Fifth New York Cavalry.

225

Col. John Hammond.
H. Krom — Major E.

hor to secure docu-
een made of officers
battles, but with
been obtained are
ave been added to
d would embelliHh

resting aoconnt of
St, clipped from s
give in this place.

isterday (October,
East Forty-ninth
Beptable token of
and also of his
9 to which he is
ight dappled gray
skson ' of Cherry
animal, and was

purchased specially for his new owner. About 1.500 men
of the brigade almost entirely from the country, fully
uniformed, and preceded by their own splendid band of twenty-
eight pieces, wore drawn up in front of the block in which
Col. DeForest resides, the intended present held by a groom,
being immediately in front. The Hon. D. B. Taylor then
stepped out upon the front steps of the building and form-
ally presented to the colonel, who was standing by his side,
the donation, accompanied by the following remarks :

" Colonel De Forest: The kind partiality of your immediate
friends and neighbors have imposed upon me the pleasing
duty of presenting to you in their name something which
shall be calculated to keep their memories ripe with you in
the midst of the excitements and dangers to which you
have so gallantly dedicated your immediate future. * *

" These men, you will in a few short days lead into a battle
field such as the good people of this heretofore favored land
would give all but their country's life to avoid. But the
sad fiat has gone forth; it is a struggle between our
country's existence, with all the bright hopes of returning
happiness, and its death with the surest certainty of ever-
lasting woe and ruin. Terrible is the issue, but we must
contemplate it solely with the stern eye of philosophy, and
that, too, quickly. Our independence was achieved by
precious blood and countless treasure, and by the same con-
sideration can it now only be preserved. It seems that the
tree of Liberty must be nourished by the blood of its sub-
jects ; to this conclusion, however sad, must every honest
conviction turn. You, sir, will soon lead your column to
its position in the long line of battle, and to bear yoa
proudly on, we, whoso every pulse beats high with hopes

fi^*iJiK^

*^Mmi#,^0^ii»iiimm!^mis^^&ik'''itMum^ss»f'

226

lllSTOBIC RkCOUDS.

for your success, place you upon the back of this Jield horn
and pru; that the God of Battles may hold the rein, until
victory shall bo proclaimed throughout our whole country.
Should ProTidonoo, in it« inscrutable wisdom, cause you to
perish in the great conflict before you, we feel a holy assur-
ance that you will fall with your face to the heavens, and
your feet to the foe. Oo on, then : adieu ! but the living
God grant that your mission may be fulSlled, and your
glorious and happy return give us cause for a day joyout,
far more joyous than this ; let this be the day of hope, that
the fulfillment.

" Col. DeForest then mounted the horse as theband struck
up an appropriate air, and when the music ceased, evidently
with a good deal of emotion, very happily returned his
thanks for the nianifestation toward him, and fully pledged
himself that if the God of Battles spared his life he would
faithfully fulfill the wishes of his friends.

" After the cheering had ceased, a call was made for Sen.
Ira Harris of Albany, after whom the Guard take their
name. He soon appeared upon the balcony, and, being
presented by Mr. Taylor, addressed the ofiicers and soldiers
for a few moments with much feeling, telling them that
although he was too far advanced in life to join them as a
soldier, he felt great satisfaction in being able to send hia
name. He doubted not it would be seen where rebellion was
strongest and treason most defiant, and he was perfectly will-
ing to trust it in the keeping of such officers and such men."

(Copy.) Washimgtoh, Omi. W, J884. B. M. Stamtok, Secrttary qf War.
Dear 81r— Col. O. DeForent served under me tn the Shenanaoah Valley In 180),
for nearly a year. Ho waa Uien colonel of 6th New York Cavalry, and pot-
formed hla duty willingly, ftilly, and with great energy. HU re^ment win
the beet under my command. Aa an officer, then and there, be showed mnch
ability, and I do not heBltate to recommend him to the favor of the Dep't.

(Signed) N. P. Banks, M. O. V.

,.-i- .-. . ■i/,»4f«*s*tt!«#^«w?',f^'«^f^S^^

■,*■

RD8.

h&cV o{ thhjield hom
ly hold the rein, until
mt our whole country,
J wisdom, cause you to
, we feel a holy assur.
B to the heaTons, and
adieu I but the living
« fulfilled, and your
use for a day joyoui,
the day of hope, that

vrscas the band struck
usio ceased, evidently
happily returned his
11, and fully pledged
ired his life he would
ds.

Jl was made for Sen.
le Guard take their
balcony, and, being
officers and soldiers
, telling them that
ft to join them as a
ng able to send his
where rebellion was
e was perfectly will-
cers and such men."

"TON, Stcrttary qf War.
lenanaoMh Valley In 18(9,

York Cavalry, and per-
fxy- HIg regiment was

there, he ahowed much

• fevorofthe Dep't.

• P. Banks, M. Q. V.

Fifth New York Cavalry.

227

Col. John Hammond.
The application of Col. Hammond for muster out was
{endorsed as follows:

HiAD QuABTBBS, TLifd Cavalry Division, \
Auguit 80M, 18(54. >
[Rcnpeotfully forwarded, approved].
Cul. Hammond is a most valuable and worthy officer and
I has nerved with great credit to himself and benefit to the
hervice — but the regiment would be left in the hands of a
<.'i)o<l officer ' should he bo mustered out, while the reasons
urged by Col. Hammond for his leaving service are of so
<:nive a character as to deserve the serious consideration of
I the major general commanding the department.

J. H. Wilson, Brig. Gen'l.

Head QuAETKBg, Cavalry Forces,

Middle Military Division,

Cliarlestown, Va., Aug. 80(A, 1864.

I am constrained to approve this application under the

circumstances ; but I am pleased to mention from personal

observation that he is one of the most accomplished officers

I have known in service, and the country can ill afford to

lose the services of such an officer at this time.

Respectfully submitted,

A. T. A. TORBERT,

Brig. Gen. Vols. Com'd'g Cav'y.

A few days after Col. Hammond took leave of his com-

luand, he reoeived the following letter :

H«AD QuABT«a», Third Cavalry Division, \
Near Berryville, Aug. ZUt, 1864. /

My Dear Colonel: I am sorry you todk your final fare-
well from the division without letting me see you again ; I
cannot, however, allow your absence to prevent my sending

' U. Col. Wm. P. Bacon «

■•I
1:1

^*^t*««a«5««^8^^i»s5i«swss*sa^

.^ --ytkimml.

228

Historic Record8.

after you my Rinoere regrets at loeing you, and ray bestl
wishes for your prosperity and happiness.
. It ifl no flattery to say, your loss cannot be repaired k\
this oonmiand except by yoar return to it, and I must earn-
C8t)y hope for its sake and the cau»e, that circumstances may I
so shape themselves as to allow you speedily to rejuin lu
with increased rank and authority.

There may be something personal in it, but your absence I
gives uio special pain. Our cause, the country's, needs not
only the support of stout arms and br^ivo hearts, but that of
every pure and moral nature in the land. When ooe such
OS yourself leaves the service, there is, therefore, a double
loss, with more than the ordinary diffi' 'Hies to overcome in
repairing it. There are plenty of m o wish to advance

themselves, but few that are worthy j places to whlcii

they aspire.

In writing you this letter permit me to assure you the
sentiments I express are shared by Qen. Sheridan aswdlu
by every member of my staflF.

With sentiments of the highest regard, I am, Colonel,
Very Truly Your Friend,

J. H. Wilson,
* Brig. Gen'l.

Shortly after his departure from the regiment, the fol-
lowing letter appeared in the Essex County (N. Y.) Rt-
vublican. Its contents wore approved by those who had
been the colonel's military oompitnions.

It is seldom we are called upon to chronicle as painful
an event as that which separated Col. John Hammond iVom
the Fifth New York Cavalry. / fler so long a term of
service with him, we had learned not only to respect, but to

:^iMt*!^tibissj^«^!MSiii*^^

.^ ''^M«.J

•KDS.

«ing you, and ray best I

inesa.

i cannot bo repaired in
1 to it, and I must earn.
that circumstances niaj
I speedily to rejoin u

in it, but your absence |
bo country's, needs not I
ravo hearts, but that of |
land. When one such
is, therefore, a double j
V 'Hies to overcome la
0 wish to advance
- places to which

me to assure you the
en. Sheridan asvdias

ard, I am, Colonel,

Friend,

H. Wilson,

Brig. Gen'l.
the regiment, the fol-

Count^ (N. Y.) Re-
d by those who had

chronicle as painful
Tohn Hammond from

so long a term of
ily to respect, but to

Fifth Nrw York Cavalry.

220

>vt' hill), while we admired the great virtues which so hap-
>,lj blond in him. It is no wonder that there wa.<t not a

liiryeyo among the officers who shook his hand In furuwell
letiug yesterday, nor difficult to account for the emotion

\ii\\iA\ choiced his utterance wheu he undertook to address
1- a i'uw parting words.

It is not often we comment upon the private or publio

wrtuos of liviii!/ men, but in this case our justification lies

11 iluro^ating from our general rule.

The early call of our country for patriot soldiers, found

I iwhcre a heartier response than in the heart of John

I llumuioud, of Grown Point, Essex Co., N. Y. Gathering
iicelher the young men of his neighborhood, a < lupany
hI as effective men as ever drew a sabre was formed, known

I a company H, Fifth New York Cavalry, and John Ham-
mund was chosen its captain and leader. To his men the
captain devoted his attention and means. Mutual confidence

j and respect increased with discipline in camp and service
in the field. It was soon discovered that Capt. Hammond
was no ordinary military leader. Gradually he rose from
one post of trust to another. While a major he had com>

I mand of the regiment more than a year. At the earliest
vacancy he was commissioned lieutenant colonel, and soon
thereafter colonel, and no man ever bore the spread eagle
more worthily. Had not his term of service expired at a
time when the call of his family was nearly imperative, we
'•ubt not lie would soon have borne the star. The com-
iiiendaiions he has received from both division and brigade
wuianders, are known to its all, and are such as any man
might be proud of. His fame is unsullied and extensive,
liii record fuir and imperishable.

^■^^Ai^**^''^i»!i^'«K;.^>-*fcw*»^--^*' ;'5tV'!":v'sv;;;,-:?,s-;

- ^"-ai y^t:^?^^'

"m-

230

Historic Records.

Few men combine in thcmgelves so many qualifications
of the true man 8"d soldier. His patriotism was not h
mere matter of name, aa the sacrifices he ma(^e for his coun-
try fully attest. All who came in contact with him felt
that this was the ruling motive of all his action. As a
disciplinarian he was str>t without being severe, and thor-
ough. In preparation for, and during, a battle, none could
excel him.

His plans were quickly made and well executed.
His selection of positions, and disposition of forces always
exMbited great sagacity and military genius. He held
his men in perfect control. His clear voice went like
magic through the ranka, while his manly form, always in
the thickest of the fight, elicited the warmest enthusiasm.
His equanimity of mind was never overcome by his celeriij
of motion, but seemed to be equal. Rarely is so great pru-
dence found with so undaunted courage, fie had an
indomitable will that would not brook defeat. The word
impoi»ibU> he never knew, when diflicu'^'os came between
him and duty. He was ambitious, yet humble.

Added to all these mental qualifications vras that perfect
phi/sique, which made John Hammond the model soldier.
As an equestrian we have never soeu his superior. His
pc«ver of endurance also vas very great. For three long
years of active service he has stood with the regiment mid
storm and sun, mid fatigue and danger. He was no wan-
derer from his men, nor lover of ease at the expense of
duty. For this the men honored him; and they loved him
because in all his promotions he never forgot their waata,
nor stood aloof from them. He was always the affable yet
dignified John Hammond they had known in days past,

s«s»a«i:i-i;i''ia-:

m'mwM^^^^^'^

DS.

Fifth New York Cavalry.

281

so many qualifications
patriotism was not a
he ma(?9 for his coun-
contact with him felt
all his action. As a
eing severe, and thor-
;, a battle, none cuuld

and well executed.
tion of forces always
iry genius. He held
3lear voice went like
manly form, always in
I warmest enthusiasm,
ercome by his celeriij
larely is so great pru-
turage. fie had an
)k defeat. The word
icu'^'os came between
t humble.

tions was that perfect
id the model soldier.
iu his superior. His
eat. For three long
ith the regiment mid
;er. He was no wan-
ISC at the expense of

and they loved him
er forgot their wants,

ways the afifablfl yet
knowu in days past.

We hope the men of his late command w'll never forget his
last words to them: — " God bless yoa."

Long live Col. John Hammond, and long be remembered
among us his military and social virtues.

Surgeon Lucius P. Woods.

Hba" Qcahtbbs Fifth New York Cavalry, "»
Winchester, V»., July 10th, 1865. /

Intelligence having been received of the death of Dr.
I.ueius P. Woods, late surgeon of this regiment, a meet-
in;; was this day convened, and a committee, consisting of
Mjjor H. A. D. Merritt, Chaplain L. N. Boudrye and Capt.
L. C. Abbott was appointed to prepare fitting resolutions
eipressive of our sorrow. The following were submitted
and approved.

Resolved, That we, the officers of the Fifth Regiment of
Cavalry, New York State Volunteers, have heard with most
profound sorrow, of the death of our late surgeon, Dr.
Lucius P. Woods, at Wiiosted, Conn., May 30th, 1865,
and desire to convey to his bereaved wife and fiiends our
sympathy, and to express our sentiments of esteem and
respect for the memory of our late comrade and friend.
Appointed to this regiment, December 24th, 1861, he
shared with us, during three years' active service, its vicis-
situdes, dangers and privations. Devoted to the duties of
his vocation, he added to rare profb^sional skill the most
untiring industry. Insensible to fea;*, indefatigable to
alleviate suffering, he was ever to be found where the battle
raged most fiercely, ministering to the wounded, shunning
not the post of danger, if it were but the post of duty.

Conscious of declining health, and viewing with calmness
and resignation the rapidly approaching termination of his

•'■* •.«;;:■

■t^><iei-'r,;iitBi,-:.v:i>(^Mi.«¥''.;JkH<i*<>i^

i''A->»**l!te^'>.-*"

■■>.i-*-

•■-SVAv

282

Historic Records.

W '>

life, De persevered, until strength failed him, in the dis
charge of his responsible and arduous duties. F-lua'iiy,
enfeebled and dying, he returned to the peaceful scenes of
home, and to the loved home circle, to meet the final change
Happily his earnest patriotis'u was rewarded with a know-
ledge of the triumph of the cause to which he gave his lite

Retolved, That in the several positions of surgeon of the |
Fifth New York Cavalry, surgeon-in-chief of the First brig-
ade. Third oavalry division, surgeon-in-ohief of the Third
cavalry division and medical director of the Cavalry corpe,
Army of the Shenandoah, Dr. Woods earned the commen-
dation, respect and affection of all who knew him, A-om the
soldier in the ranks to the major general commanding.

Resolved, That as a friend we found in him every qoalitj
that could endear him to us a..! embalm his memory in our
minds. To the refinement of the gentleman he added
social and Christiac virtues rarely equaled, and while ha
loss will bo deplored by all, to ourselves, peculiarly his
friends, it is irreparable. We will cherish his memory and
strive to imitate his example.

ReMolved, That a copy of these resolutions, signed by the
officers of the regiment, be transmitted to Mrs. L. P.
Woods, to whom we tender our sincere condolence. Ma;
"He who tempereth the wind to the shorn lamb," comfort
and sustain her ; and may the blessed thought that he has
given his life for his country mitigate the aoguish of her
bereavement. „-.^;i;i,i, .U-',- ..\;„ ;, •,,,i.^*-^f .■-,t,.

Interesting extraota from Dr. Woods' letters from the
army, are here inserted.

" Haetwood Chdboh, Va., *Sep<. bth, 1868."

*' I returned yesterday after a three days expedition after

,-.-*'

»^— «|-

'■&y'v,::S3i;v-

I«d him, in the dis.

IU8 duties. Fliiailj,

le peaceful srenes of
leet the final change.
varded with a know-
lich he gave his life
ns of surgeon of the
ief of the First brig-
Q-chief of the Third
f the Cavalry corps,
earned the oommen-
} knew him, fVom the
d commanding,
in him every quality
n his memory in our
;entleman he added
taled, and while hi«
lives, peculiarly hi«
ish his memory and

tions, signed by the
ted to Mrs. L. P.

condolence. May
orn Iamb," comfort

lought that he has
the anguish of her

letters from the

?ep<. 5th, 1868."
lys <.xpedition afWr

i^y'

*rS /^/A.^Mi

t r^y/'^..

.:-;'«*?S>Sp«^^.W.»^^ j..r.c»i?S^ISKi ^^'iiSlBi«^

the

I*''?!?!

mgi^

ii'-ii , ^'~<^<w^*^'* "?

'li..,Li.yii;p!i|i

'~''>[l:

Fifth New York Cavalry.

285

gun-boats ! * We all laughed at the order, Bending cavalry
after such craft, but I am happy to say, that the object of
the expedition was accomplished. We left camp at two
o'clock A. M., marched all dy and all night, till three
o'clock next morning, when we made a furious charge upon
Rebel infantry. They ran so fast as to disarrange the gen-
eral's plan of attack. The morning was so dark we could
not see one rod in advance. We captured twelve or four-
teen prisoners, and Gen. Kilpatrick gave orders in their
hearing to have the whole command fall back, stating that
the gun-boats would be alarmed and the expedition be a
failure. The general took particular pains to allow half
the prisontirs to escape and get across the Rappahannock.
After falling back two miles, we wero counter-marched
toward the river, near which we were formed in line of
battle. We sat there on our horses waiting for daylight.
Then the flying artillery of ten guns, supported by the old
Fifth New York and First Michigan, dashed at a full run
down to the river bank, wheeled into position and gave the
Rebels a small cargo of hissing cast iron, which waked them
up racie effectually than their ordinary morning call. They
soon came to their senses, and for half an hour sent over to
us what I should think to be, by the noise they made, tea-
kettles, cooking stoves, large cast iron hats, &o. But our
smaller and more active guns soon silenced theirs and drove
their gunners away, when we turned our attention to the
boring of holes in their boats with conical pieces of iron,
vulgarly called solid shot. I assure you I can recommend
them as first class augers, for they sank the boats in time

• See page 74.

r-'^m?

r!g^£ll»^

-MMiimimmmm»^

286

Historic Records.

for all hands to sit down to breakfast at half past nine
o'clock. The repast consisted of muddy water, rusty ult
pork and half a hard cracker, termed by us ' an iron clad
breakfast.' We were absent from camp three days and had
only nine hours' sleep."

" August 29th, 1864."

" I was quite astonished yesterday at receiving a paper,
signed by nearly all the officers of the regiment and approved
by Gen. Mcintosh, offering me the colonelcy of the regi-
ment. I am now surgeon-in-ohief of the division."

" February 12th, 1865."

" To Colonel Hammond : My official business is done by
a clerk and I simply sign my name. The reason : a terrible
cough, drenching night sweats, swollen feet and limbs and
diarrhoea. Are not these sufficient to palsy the brain and
band? Often have I tried with my will to arouse wj
system to action and my mind to its duty, but as I crawled
to bed I almost cursed the sluggish brain that balked my
efforts."

We gladly insert the following tribute to Dr. Woods, in
a letter from Col. Hammond to Dr. H. M. Knight, of Lake-
ville. Conn.

" It will be impossible for me to think of writing any-
thing that would do justice to the memory of one I loved so
much. I could but poorly give yon an idea of the many
trials and hardships as well as incidents of a pleasing
character, through which myself and dear friend have
passed together.

"His frankness and determination won him a host of
friends wherever ho went. He was ever quick to appre-
ciate worth and kindness, and ever as ready to resent a

' •■M'i^.

Fifth New York Cavalry.

287

; at half past nine

water, rusty gait

r ufl ' an iron clad

three days and had

nut 29/A, 1864."
receiving a paper,
meat and approved
neloy of the regi-
diviflion."
try 12th, 1865."
usiness is done by
reason: a terrible
3et and limbs and
ilsy the brain and
rill to arouse n;y
, but as I crawled
1 that balked my

to Dr. Woods, in
Knight, ofLake-

: of writing any-
of one I loved so
idea of the many
ts of a pleasing
ear friend have

I him a host of
quick to appre-
ady to resent a

m * * * * *

wrong or injury. ^^ "^ » f f » j ^[\\ dose by saying that
Dr. Woods was ever in my mind the most perfect type of a
man I ever met."

Dr. Woods graduated at the medical college of Pittsfield,
Mass., in November, 1855.

Captain (afterward Major) A. H. Keom.

From the Oweyo Timei of May, 1864, we clip the follow-
ing memorial :

Hbad Quabtibs Fifth New York Cavalry, l
Fairfax Court House, Va., Map 19tA, 1868. /

This has been a high day for the officers and men of
company G ; and well might it be so, for the boys were
about to consummate a noble enterprise, and true merit was
about to be rewarded. We may as well tell the story plain-
ly. Capt. Krom had distinguished himself as a man and
soldier in camp and in battle. On the 8d instant, during a
severe engagement with Maj. Mosby's Rebel band, at War-
renton Junction, Va., Capt. K. narrowly escaped with his
life, bearing away two fearful wounds, one in his left leg,
the other in the face. His horse was killed under him;
but he had used his sabre with terrible effect upon the
enemy, as only the man with a brave heart and strong arm
can do. From that time he has been a cheerful sufferer in
our hospital. He will doubtless recover, as is the strong
desire of all his companions in arms. His absence from the
company did not obliterate his memory from the boys.
They have been busy raising funds among themselves,
every man in the company contributing freely, and to-day
we see the result — a beautiful $ash, sword and belt for the
captain. At six o'clock p. M. the ceremony of presentation

•^4Uxxuef:m^;mm:iMiiimi^s^fsai:^^iiasmtis»''

— -f

jj;

288

Historic Rkcokds.

.1 I

took place. The company were all prrsont, drawn up in
line before the captain, who had been brought to his camp
quarters on a stretcher, and seated in a large arm chair 8e-
cured for the occasion. Many officers of the regiment nrere
present, while ladies assisted in making the company coui-
pK'te. The sword was presented by Lieut. Krohn, company
G, who read the following address :

" Etteemed Commander: The men who have the plea.«iure
and honor of being under your command ; men who have
learned to respect you for your uniformly kind and generoos
conduct toward them, who have learned to love you as only
soldiers can love their benefactor in the midst of danger
and trial ; men who now admire you for your tried courage
and undaunted bravery in battle ; these men have gathered
around you to-day to express their deep gratitude to the
kind Providence that has preserved your life to this hour,
and to present to you a token expressive of their high ap-
preciation of your military genius and valor. And what
better could we give to one who has distinguished himself
with the sabre in so many engagements, and especially on
the 8d instant, at Warrenton Junction, Va., where you
valiantly fought, and gUriously fell, bleeding from the
wounds that remove you, only temporarily, we trust, from
our mdist?

What better could we present to such a hero than
this sword ?

" Captain, take this : I present it on behalf of these men,
who desire never to have a better commander ; who pray
God to restore you speedily to strength and to command
again, that, with you, they may march on to conquest and
to victory, and, if need be, to death, scattering the enemies

,i^'-- -f'^iitm

■ -«?..x.5^-&«?riUi^'iii^^-*4^^4^*iM*

Fifth New York Cavalry.

289

rriiont, drawn up m
brought to his camp
large arm chair se-
f the regiiuont -rere
J the company corn-
it. Krohn, company

0 have the pleasure
ad; men who have

kind and generoua
to love you as only
le midst of danger
rour tried courage
tnen have gathered
) gratitude to the
r life to this hour,

of their high ap-
ealor. And what
nguished himself

and especially on

Va., wheire you
eeding from the
Ij, we trust, from

ich a hero than

alf of these men,
nder ; who pray
md to command
to conquest and
ring the enemies

of our beloved country, and bearing aloft the ' Stare and
Stripes' in proud triumph."

The captain not being able to respond on account of his
wounds, the chaplain of the regiment, who stood by, spoke
as follows :

" In behalf and by request of the captain, I wish to make
a few remarks in response to the sentiments expressed by
the company and the gift presented. He looks upon this
a« one of the proudest days of his history, and the most
memorable since he entered the service of his country. B'or
nearly two years he has been your commander, while the
very best of feeling has existed between you and him from
tho first to the present, only with an increase of respect and
affection. He has occasion to-day to ent«rtain the hope that
the future, in this respect, will be but a repetition of the
past.

" As to his gratitude for your kindness so generously ex-
pressed in the gift of this hour, it cannot be told. When
a man is overwhelmed with a sense of thankfulness, words
arc not adequate to the task of uttering the pent-up emo-
tion. And his gratitude is greatly multiplied as he recog-
nizes in this gift an expression, not only of personal regard
toward him, but also of devoted loyalty to the cause of the
Union, and of attachment to the good old flag, which he
feels you are determined to bear forward until it shall wave
in triumph over every land and sea. Men, you behold
your captain, wounded and disabled ; but he wishes me
to say to you that he hopes the time is not far distant,
when his wonted strength and vigor will return to his now
somewhat withered limbs — when again, at the shrill
battle-notes of the bugle, he shall be permitted, with you,
20

W?«3^^ig^Bi«ii,i<.iisS>iS«(>«it*:*feii5v'^'

.\>A-i«;v>v>fcj(*4iti^2a(iii*Steaid,-.i'J4i:fiSto9s

240

Historic Recurds.

to leap forward to ^lorioufi conflict. Though wounded
he ii not killed. In concluHion, allow me, on hia behalf, to
bow to jou uU most heartfelt thanks."

After this ceremony, the numerous guests and all the
company were richly entertained with a sumptuous supper,
gotten up by the captain. Thus ended an intcreBting
chapter in the auiials of company Q, Filth Now York
Cavalry.

■n.

LlKUTBNANT (afterward Major) E. J. Barker.

From v.ie of the April (1804) numbers of the Etux
County Republican, we extract an interesting account of
a sword presentation to Lieut. Barker, at a largo meeting,
held at Hammond's Corners, Crown Point, when the vete-
rans of uompaoy II were welcomed by the people, on their
veteran furloughs.

Hervey Spencer, Esq., having been requested by com-
pany H, on behalf of the company, presented to Lieut. £.
J. Barker a beautiful sword, purchased by the members
of the company for gallant conduct in battle, particulurly
that of Greenwich, May 80th, 1863.

Mr. Spencer, in an able manner, addressed the young
lieutenant, giving a short sketch of his gallant and manly
bearing since entering the .service, reminding him of the
due appreciation of hia conduct and bravery, by the brave
men of his command, and as a testimonial of their love and
esteem of him whiioi they had followed even to the can-
non's mouth, presented him with this beautiful sword.

Lieut. Barker, made a short but eloquent reply.

He thanked them for this token of their regard for him.
He said he had simply done his duty. That without their

■■■in.

MMM

Fifth New York Cavalry.

241

Though toounded
, on hifl behalf, to

guests and all the
iuniptuous supper,
3d an interesting
Fifth Now York

couporation he oould have done nothing. IIo again feel-
ingly thanked them for thoir beautiful present, and assured
them that when they returned to tho field, that it should be
faithfully wielded by him in the defense of his country, aa
lung as armed treason existed within her borders.

Tho gallant lieutenant was heartily cheered and congratu-
lated fur his very appropriate and elegant remarks.

J. Barker.
era of the Euex
Bsting account of
t a large meeting,
t, when the vetc-
people, on their

(quested by com-
Bted to Lieut. E,
by the members
ittle, particularly

essod the young
illant and manly
ling him of the
7, by the brave
•f their love and
3ven to the can-
iful sword.
■ reply.

regard for him.
It without their

LiEDT. (afterward Capt.) Laurenok L. O'Connor.

Wak DiPAKTMiNT, Washington D. C, Y
April 2d, 1888. /

St'r: I am directed by the secretary of war, to acknow-
ledge the vigilance and fidelity with which it is reported,
jou have in the discharge of your duty, as Provost Mar-
shal at Fairfax Court House, watched contrabandists and
prevented or broken up their disreputable and disloyal
trade.

Your integrity and oflBciency in the discharge of your
duties merit and will receive the commendation of this
department.

Very respectfully your obedient servant,

P. H. Watson,
Assistant Secretary of War.
Lieut. O'Connor, 5th N. Y. Cavalry, )
Provost Marshal, Fairfax, C. H., Va. J

■i^^^iS^itiB&'il'fK.vM'ii^ikX^fiiiilii^.'---

11.

(«,

CHAl'TER XIV.

Iaili)<>noe oi Csmpnigning on our Men. — Who can best Rieist (bt
EtUs. — Mear.8 Employed. — The Mail Bap, — The SpelliBg
School. — Literary Classrtg. — Our Chapel Tents. — Our Tempo-
ranee Club. — Meetings for Ueligious Worship. — The Effect ot

• our Discipline.

Many unavoidable influences have a very detrimental
effect upv^n the niind of the soldier. His frequent expo-
sures to the extremes of heat and cold, of hunger and thirst,
of fatigue and excitement, with the general wear and tear
of military life, debilitate body and mind together. OdIj
men of the most steady habits, and of naturally strong phy-
sical constitutions, can at all resist these influences; and
even such m^n are more or less affected. Such influences
the soldier experiences on the diflicult and daugeroiu
picket; on the long, tedious march, through ruin, dust, or
snow ; in the fierce conflict of battle, and, more emphaticail;
still, in the dreary dungeon, and by the barbarous treatment
of the enemy while a captive in his hands. Under th«
above exigencies, the cavalry suffers more than the infantry-
it is more constantly on duty, and, when in captivity, feels
more poignantly the effects of the weary foot marches to
which our prisoners have been so often subjected.

Aside from these influences, affecting the entire mental
manhood, are others which have only a moral bearing.

.*-'■ V* ■-W^-^'^V

i'^Mm

... ■WiiMniMM

Fifth New York Cavalry.

243

Who can best Rieisttht
il Bag — The SpelliDg
lel TentB.— Our Tompe-
i^orship.— The Effect oa

e 8 very detrimrnfal
. His frequent expo-
of hunger aad thirst,
general wear aud tear
uind together. Onlj
naturally stxong phy-
;hese influences; and
Such influences
icult and dangerous
hrough rain, dust, or
more emphatically
>arbarou8 treatment
hands. Under ths
than the infantry—
in captivity, feels
iry foot marches to
subjected.
g the entire mental
a moral bearing.

First. t:ia, perhaps, most important of these, w the remo-
val of the wkoletomt and normal restraints of virtuous soci-
(ty, of home and its hailowed associations. These influences
ifliiy not be entirely fo. gotten by the soldier, but in few
cases onlj do they control him. Neither must it be ig-
nored that his business, in great part, is demoralizing. He
is taught and disciplined for one thing— to destroy and kill.
Moreover, he is often compelled to execute orders of re-
taliation for acts of brutality and murder, perpetrated by
the enemy.' However noble may be the object sought, or
wholesome the influence of the chastisement visited upon
the evil-doers, these military necessities are far from being
promoters of morality in the actors. While we doubt not
that the ultimate influence of war is salutary on the body
politic and social of a nation, yet it must be conceded that
the actors in war, — soldiers in camp and field, are them-
selves more or less demoralized. And this must be said
evea of our army, the most intellectual and moral army
ever known in the history of nations. Soldiering makes
tome men ; it unmakes many.

This regiment has had occasion to feel a due proportion
of evil influences, which are inseparably connected with
active military service. But there has been displayed a
strong disposition to resist and overcome themj so that
while evils Lave abounded among us, we are not without
some tokens of mental and moral strength, as well as growth
and development. These have been manifested, while in
camp, through the mail-bag, which carried, on an average,
aboat one hundred and twentv-five letters per day ; also in

'See page 176.

-i^i\

I K

244

Historic Records.

literary classes, established in the spring of 1863, in men-
tal arithmetic, phonography and French, which were kept !
up as long as camp life permitted, and evinced remarkable
application and scholarship. Mention must also be mode of
what the boys of the Old Fifth will never forget, of the
spelling school, which was held regularly once a week, and
called out crowded audiences of happy, thoughtful fellows.
The following account of "Our First Spelling School in
Gamp," is drawn partially from my diary and was publiHhed
in February, 1864, in the New York Christian Advocate
and Journal.

Efforts had been put forth for several weeks to get the
men out to the newly-erected chapel tent for religious ser-
vices ; also for classes in reading, writing, spelling, arith-
metic, phonography, etc., but the number scared did not
appear commensurate to the occasions. Finally, while re-
peatedly asking myself the question, "What can I do
more?" my mind alighted upon what promised to meet the
exigency of the times. Immediately I announced at the
meetings, and to individuals whom I met, that on Mondij
night, Feb. 15th, there would be a epelling school in the
chapel. By the sparkle of many an eye I quickly saw that
T had pulled on the right string. The appointed time for
our first spelling school in camp drew near but too tardily.

The evening was fine and the chapel full. We soon
addressed ourselves to the business of the occasion. It was
a season of intense enjoyment. The " choosing of sides"
and the " spelling down," how much they reminded us of
schoolboy days 1 Every one was happy in that remem-
brance, and joyful in the new throbbings of intellectual life.
The short intermission for rest, after the severe conflict, in

'■"■""—"'•■■""" lllVWnTiM'

'S.

ng of 1863, in men-
h, which were kept
evinced remarkabis
au8tal8obein.ideof
never forget, of the
•Jy once a week, and
thoughtful fellom.
Spelling School in
' and was published
Vhriftian Advocate

weeks to get the
t for religious 8er-
ng, spelling, arith-
ir scared did not

Finally, while re-
'What can I do
)nnsed to meet the
announced at the
t, that on Mondaj
ling school in the
[ quickly saw that
Jpointed time for
• but too tardilj.

full. We soon
occasion. It was
oosing of sides"

reminded us of
in that remem-
intellectual life,
ivere conflict, in

FiFTU New York Cavalry.

245

ihicb troop "A" missed fire eleven times, and troop "B"
CD, was spent in social parky, and ended with the " Star-

9gled Banner," Bung with an unusual zest.

Spelling was continued with such interest that the shrill

II call took us all by surprise, and we dispersed, each
Ifrtiing that long would be remembered the spelling school,
lit which our pedagogue was the chaplain, and our spelling-
|iiook, the Army Regulations !

I regard this enterprise as a great success in my line of

atj as chaplain. For,

FxTit. Anything that will stimulate the mind toward
Uneral improvement, must be beneficial. The peculiar
trials, habits and labors of the soHier, very naturally be-
I Dumb his intellect, and, in a great measure, incapacitate
him for mental and moral improvement. Hence ordinary
influcDces fail to reach him. Something peculiar must be
iried. This was furnished by the spelling-school movement.

Second. Memories of childhood's innocence and youth's
isipressive lessons at the home fireside, at the church and
khool, are the most potent influences which can be brought
to bear on the soldier's heart and conduct. Those may be
iroused, to a certain extent, by the chaplain's ordinary labor,
but to a much greater extent by this novel spelling-school
movement.

Third. The ohapli'n's influence in the regiment is pro-
portionate to his real >. luaintance with the men. This he
may gain by various m ans : by distributing pape " from
tent to tent; by visitin the sick at the hospital and at
tlieir quarters; by the public services for preaching; by
iae Sunday school or Bible class, and other social, religious
a.^tcmblies ; but in all these he appears in his official capa-

■.>tL.J

V'5'>«t»l-^-'ray-V'*>S".-:^W.BJ.1V<rJ*9. i'A- -^.a>'-'. if»^ .».V>^Jl -.^^'V ■■- V*-:(*t\^-j;SiaS., . ... .^.Jj^-r

•.r^V.*»'tl^. "

iiv?-

246

lIisTouic Records.

city, and tbo soldier who is so disposed, has ample opportn- 1
nity to prepare himself to repel every approach. Not so !
whea the chaplain comes as the schoolmaster, the good-
natured schoolmaster of bygone days. The chaplain thus,
though not with the intention of the spy, approaches una- 1
wares to the heart of the soldier, and then has power to do
him good. While I do not ignore any ordinary means of
chaplain's service, I heartily rejoice in the spelling-school
movement.

Our second spelling school in camp, Providence per-
mitting, , will be held on Monday evening, Feb. 22d, the
anniversary of Washington's birthday.

For all these privileges we were much indebted to the
U. S. Christian Commission, which furnished us with
large flies or paulons and stoves, with which we were able
to construct rude, but comfortable chapel tents. These
tonts were built of large logs or trees, notched at the ends,
and thus fitted one on the other, for the walls, while the
whole was covered over by means of the flies furnished by
the Commission. By a careful application of mud — that
Virginia mortar with which every soldier is so familiar—
to the crevices between the logs, then by flooring with pine
boughs, or boards, as opportunity allowed, we secured
places for our public assemblies, resembling those of our
pioneers in the wdstern wilda, and rivaling for comfort, if
not for architecture, those of our northern homes. In
these chapels were also evidenced our moral and religious
tendencies. Not only to the classes and schools did the
boys turn their attention, but night after night many could
be seen wending their way from their tents to the meetings
for temperance, and for religious worship. An honorable

■^^■m'c yafe^i*iv<it ; ' M^^m^^^

■it
■U
t

)S.

i, has ample opportn-
•y approach. Not so
oolniaster, the "ood-
The chaplain thus,
spy, approaches «H(i-
then has power to do
ly ordinary means of
n the spelling-school

ip, Providence p«r-
ning, Feb. 22d, the

uch indebted to the
furnished us with
which we were able
apel tents. These
lotched at the ends,
the walls, while the
B flies furnished by
tion of mud — that
ier is so familiar—
r flooring with pine
owed, we secured
bling those of our
lag for comfort, if
rthern homes. In
loral and religious
id schools did
night many could
nts to the meetings
ip. An honorable

^fcx^ ■■ ' «Wt#BM*M

■■,rti,>r.--;v.'* ;,)f.^--i^;^;^jr.ji-':>„- ^^y.i. ■•:■■.;• „

I'iFTH New York Cavalry.

249

ncroll, superscribed with a total abstinence pledge, contains
the names of upward two hundred men of the regiment.
On this subject I quote from my diary.

Fehruarjf 21st, 1864. It is gratifying to see that notwith-
standing the almost universal custom of dram drinkin(f in
the army, the subject of temperance meets with general ac-
ceptation when it is fairly presented to soldiers. On Wed-
iicsday evening, the 17th instant, I lectured on the trite sub-
ject of the " physical and mental influences of intemper-
ance." A lively interest was awakened. I at once pro-
[losed the organization of a temperance society. At least
one-half the audience voted for it. A committee was ap-
pointed, who drafted the following preamble and pledge :

" We, the undersigned members of the Fifth New York
Cavalry, desiring to strengthen each other against the evils
of intemperance and to save therefrom our comrades in
arms, if possible, do hereby form ourselves into a society
to be known as ' The Fifth New York Cavalry Temperance
Club,' and agree to conform to the following pledge: I
hereby solemnly pledge myself, on the honor of a gentleman
and soldier, to abstain entirely from the use of all intoxicat-
ing liquors."

This evening our chapel was crowded for a temperance
meeting. Chaplain Roe, Second N. Y. Cavalry, gave us a
spicy talk on the degrading influences of intemperance.
Mr. James H. Bond, of Co. A, followed him, giving us
" bits " of personal experience, and deepening the interest
already awakened. I then offered the pledge. The invi-
tation was promptly responded to and by greater numbers
than had been expected by the most sanguine. Several
maue remarks as they came up to the noble work. One

; -.:)f^iitTO«!«''«'.'^'*'^«'»C--l*^'*M<».-«inK **,hl.!

^ .Mnpi.«*;i- ->^-xtuft*ie^t:.<*i'*;imnitiitMiM>Sil''''-

^fif (MftMrtiKOiH-^

S50

Historic Records.

said, " How glad will mother be when she hears of this."
Another, " My wife would rejoice to know what I am doing."
Some one asked, " When a soldier deserts the country's
cause we shoot him ; what shall we do to him who deserts
this cause ?" ' " Shoot him," was the almost unanimous
reply. One officer came forward, saying, " he could not
bear being stumped by a private." The work went ou
gloriously. Forty-seven names were on our list before the
meeting closed ; forty-three in the column, " for life," and
four, " for term of service."

The meeting was one of intense interest— I think we
never can forget it. At a later date I wrote as follows :
ninety-five have given their names. Our meetings are
large and interesting. A pledge also against profanity is
being circulated with success.

ATprU 29<A, 1864. Before leaving our old camp ground,
this morning, the two-hundredth man signed the pledge, in
consequence of which, Mr. Doggett, the owner of the
place, who was present, changed the name of the eminence
from "The Devil's Leap" to "Temperance Hill," a name
which it truly deserved and which should go down to his-
tory. Some remarkable instances of reform from intemper-
ance as w jll as from profanity might be mentioned, while
the Christian would delight to hear recitals of reforms even
more radical and far-reaching. Meetings for divine wor-
ship, which have been numerous during winter quarters,
whether held in chapels, rudely constructed by our own
hands, or under "the clouded canopy or starry decked
heaven," in woods or fields, have been generally well at-
tended. These agencies have had no small influence on the
discipline and consequent efficiency of the regiment.

- f-HS ' ^ 1 ffiiv

e hears of this."
nrhat I am doing,"
rts the country's
> him who dflserts
ilmost unanimous
g, " he could not
16 work went ou
lur list before the
in, •' for life," and

rest — I think we
Krrote as follows:
lur meetings are
ainst profanity is

)ld camp ground,

led the pledge, in

le owner of the

of the eminence

ce Hill," a name

go down to his-

m from intemper-

mentioned, while

of reforms even

for divine wor-

winter quarters,

ted by our own

or starry decked

eneraliy well at-

influence on the

regiment.

CHAPTER XV.

Life in Southern Prisons. — Personal Ezperienoe of the Author. —
Capture. — Gen. Stuart. — Incidents of March to Staunton, Va.,
from Pennsylvania. — Libby Prison, Richmond. — Cruelties of
Managers. — State of Rooms. — Vcriiin. — Rations. — The Soup.

— Water. — Richmond Papers. — '■ Skirmishing." — Bone Cut-
ting.—The Debating Club. — "Libby Lice- (-see-' em," (Lyceum).

— The Weekly Libby Chronicle. — Literary Classes. — Religious
Seryices. — The Author Preaches to our Prisoners in Pemher-
lon Castle. — Wretched Condition of our Men. — Release. —
What he Brought with him. — Diary of Sufferings at Salis-
bury, N. C Untold Wretchedness at Andersonville, Ga. —

List of Men who Died in Rebel Prisons.

Life in southern prisons presents us by far the darkest
picture of the war. The cruel treatment of prisoners during
the dark ages of the past, seems but as a pleasant pastime,
compared to that inflicted upon our brave men at Richmond,
Salisbury, Columbia, Andersonville, and at other places, by
the professedly chivalrous people of the south. The statis-
tics of these pages show, that while the enemy killed but
wventy-five of our men in battle, he killed one hundred and
fourteen in his prisons. Though this proportionate loss
may not exist in every regiment which has participated in
this struggle, yet the world will stand aghast at the figures,
—if a correct computation is ever made, — exhibiting the
amount of mortality occasioned by this cause alone.

The outlines of prison life 'are too well known throughout
1' 16

i
l!

• 'i4?'M5'i^Vij'*.S!l^-*'i';S>««l2JM^-'*»'V'-»'*«?*-^»'»-<^^

-y jHfa>tJ- ■.-.^-r-r <W«V^>

252

IIiSTOuic Records.

the country to warrunt us in givin<^ uiore than a brief

uketch of pergonal uxperioDco, by men of tho regiment. The

author, who, with hundreds uf others, sojourned lor a season

in the t'uuious Libby Prison, rejoices in an opportunity ot

publishing in these records, a few letters, which set forth

what he saw, what he did and what he endured while

among the ilebels.

NiAB Stacntoh, V»., ■>
July nih, 18G3. /

Mif Dear P. R. : I never wrote you under so embarrassing
and peculiar circumstances; nor do I know that my letter
will e\«r be of any avail. I am a poor, wretched prisoner
of war 1 Sunday morning, tho 6th instant, near

Monterey (x ^ . Pa., during Gen. Kilpatrick's raid on the
Rebel train, retreating from Gettysburg, I was surrounded
by the enemy and captured. Others with me shared the
same fate. It was hard to say, I surrender." It vas
Jenkins' cavalry that had done the deed. Being a chap-
lain and my horse my own and not the government's, it wia
promised me that as soon as I reached Gen. Stuart's head-
quarters, I would be released and none of my property
would be molested. True as the chivalry are able to bo to
their promises, on reaching the general, I was immediately
released — of my horae and of all hopes of liberty. A per-
sonal interview with the general and earnest pleadings were
in vain. Gen. S. is a fine looking officer. His features arc
distinct in outline, his nose long and sharp, his eye kceu
and restles-sly on the lookout. His complexion is florid.
He wears a gray plush hat with a black feather ; has plain
uniform, and a short bowie knife by his side with ivory
handle, attached to his person by a golden chain. He seems
to trust no man to do what he can possibly do himself. But

^> '

s?v'-',.'Miiniii

■^''.--^iM-^iisr*-^'*?-'.., ^5^, ^K>i.

Fifth New York Cavalry.

258

> than ft brief
Of^inient. Tlie
led lor a scasun
opportunity ot
'hich set forth
endured while

HINTOH, Va., \
I 17M, 18tt8./

30 embarrassing

that my letter
3tched prisoner

instant, near
's raid on the
vas surrounded
me shared the
ider." It Wis

Being a chap-
nmcnt's, it wtu
Stuart's head-
r my property
•e able to be to
immediately

erty. A per-
ladings were

is features arc
his eye kceu

xion is florid.

ler; has plaiu

de with ivory
■tin. He seenu

himself. But

there is more chivalry in the exterior than in the interior, I
fear.

HafT. 1 at every point, dismounted and dispirited, I spent
n miserable Sabbath, I assure you, traveling nearly all day
uver the Gatoctin mountains into Maryland.

Monday evening, the 6th, after a dreary day of marching
and filling — for our rations were short and poor, — the
(uluiun had halted and the prisoners sought sleep on the
!^oft grass. I had just fallen into a doze, when I was
nmscd up by a strange voice, calling '• Chaplain Filth New
York Cavalry." Looking up, I beheld a Rebel lieutenant,
with whom I had oonverHi-d a little during the day, who
(topped up toward me with a cup of smoking hot coffee and
afine piece of warm bread. "There, chaplain, I thought you
might be hungry, and brought you this for your supper."
I was quite overcome with gratitude at an act so unexpected
and 80 rare, and my heart leapt up for joy, as at the sight of
the first flower of spring. That, I think, was a noble man,
though he was a Rebel, and I have not found another
among them like him. On Wednesday, the 8th, we were
pat across the Potomac at Williamsport. The Rebel army
was very much discouraged - and demoralized. The officer
of the guard on reaching the " Old Virginy Shore," flung
his sword on the ground, exclaiming with much feeling,
'Lie there, and I never will cross this river again on an
expedition of this kind." Many Rebels appeared to feel aa
he did.

Near Washington Springs, not far from Winchester, we
Sfient two days to rest. There were about 200 officers, prison-
era, with me, and about 4,000 privates. While at the
Springs we heard of the fall of Vicksburg. An amusing

"*H"

354

HiBTORio Records.

m- m

Hid intoreating incident here took place. A little slave
mulatto boy, about twelve years of ago, wai« asked wliom he
liked bcBt, the " Rebs " or the " Yanks ?" Soarooly willing
to answer, as there were more llubels around him than
Yankees, he hung his head down a little while, but
finally looking up with his large, intelligent eyes, he said,
*' The Yanks." All joined in a hearty laugh over the un-
expected answer. I then asked, " Why do you like the
Yanks best?" "Because they don't sell me," was the
quick and emphatic reply, astonishing us all at his wisdom
and understanding.

At Winchester I had an interview with Gen. luiboden.
I failed to obtain relief, but obtained a storm of abusive
words. With varied experiences I have come up this valley,
traveling in all, since my capture, about 200 miles, on an
average of twenty miles per day. The soles of my feet are a
complete blister. To-morrow we .expect to take the oars at
Staunton for Richmond. If I ever get a chance, I will
send you my letter, if not, I will try to preserve it.

Ever yours,
L. N. B., Chaplain 6th N. Y. Cav.

LiBBT Pbison, Richmond, Va., )
September Itt, 1868. /

Jl/y Dear P. R: I hope you have received my former

letter which I sent secretly by ,who was more fortunate

than the most of us, and got away on a special exchange.

On the 23d ultimo, I received two of your letters. Oh!

what joy they were to me in my prison house; Every flag

of truce boat brings and carries mail, but we have to write

only one page for a letter, and it has to be read in the ofliee

below, before it can pass. ' Yours meet the same fate before

',=*w.'^..

Fifth New York Cavalry.

265

. A little Hiave
a8ked wlioin he
Soaroolj willing
ound him than
ittle while, but
it ejros, he said,
igh over the un-
lo jou like the
1 me," was the
1 at hia wisdotu

1 GeD. Imboden.

Aitm of abusive

e up this valley,

iOO milea, od an

of my feet are a

take the cara at

chance, I will

rve it.

ITS,

Y. Cav.

|hmond, Va., 'I
er III, 1868. /

ed my former

more fortunate

ecial exchange.

letters. Oh!

e; Every flag

have to write

i in the oflice

me fate before

reaching me. You say you are very anxious to know how
wo fare. I will tell you. As we expected when I wrote
you, we reached this place on Saturday evening, the 18th
July. From the depot we were marched to the priaun,
which stands on the corner of 20th and Gary streets. It is
a largo brick building, about 185 feet long and 105 foot
wiilo, three stories high on Gary street, and four stories
hiifh back on the canal. Next to the street is a row of cells
uo'lcr ground. On the corner of the building is a sign
with " Libby & Son," from which the prison takes its name.
Two heavy walls divide the building into three nearly equal
parts making nine large rooms above ground. By means
of openings or doors through these walls, access may be
bad from one room to the other. You will shudder when
I tell you that these rooms are so infested with vermin,
ti.at you cannot escape their loathsome presence. The
windows around us are mostly barred, though some are not.
So much, then, for the place where we live, I mean, stay.

I will now give you some specimens of the men who rule
over us. On arriving at the prison, we were unceremoni-
ously introduced to Dick Turner, who, having conducted us
, into the reception hall, fell to pillaging ue. I was quickly
delivered of my poncho, haversack and cant«en. My
money was not taken, for what little I had was Gonfed.;
that they did not want. Those who had greenbacks were
soon relieved of their burden, unless their treasure waa
concealed. While this work was going on, Turner took a
piece of shell from a lieutenant's pocket, which he was
patting in his own. The robbed man said, " I did not
know that you had a right to take such things." " No
light ? " retorted Dick angrily, and at the same time, hit

•':)'

256

Historic Rkcouds.

the lieutenant a fearful bio v with his hand upon the faco,
nearly knocking him down, and then ordered him to be
put into a cell.

During the warm summor days, the prisoners discovered
a scuttle hole through the roof, through which we could
climb by means of a ladder, where, in the cool of the even-
ing, wo could spend a few moments, freed from the stench
and heat of the rooms below, and hav3 an opportunity of
looking at the bright sky overhead. Dick Turner, having
learned that we could thus obtain a few inspirations of pure,
fresh air, came into our rooms furiously mad, and forbade
our going on the roof again. They sometimes say they
starve us because they have not suflScient bread, but why
can't they give us aii- ? The guards who patrol about the
prison and live in tents across the way, are generally aft«r
the same pattern of Turner. If a man steps near the win-
dow, to view the scene beyond, or breathe a purer atmos-
phere, he is at once ♦ .d to step back, or is fired.on. These
are the men (if it be proper to call them so), at whose beck
we are driven to and fro, and on whose cruel hands we
depend for our daily bread.

I will now tell you what they furnish us to eat. In the
morning they bring us about twelve ounces of broad and
three ounces of boiled beef. At night they bring us about
a pint of rice soup, in such pails, and of such sort, that to
get it down at all, we must do so without either seeing,
smelling or tasting. This is all we have to live upon, not
enough to average one meal per day. I have been so \reak
fx-om hunger, as to be compelled to lie down much of the time,
and unable to rise, without a painful dizziness in my head.

One night they brought our soup to us late. It was

hand upon the face,
1 ordered hiui to be

prisouers discovered
igh which we could
ihe cool of the even-
eed from the stench
3 an opportunity of
)ick Turner, having
inspirations of pure,
y mad, and forbade
sometimes say they
ient bread, but why
ho patrol about the
, are generally after
. steps near the wiu-
athe a purer atmos-
• is fired,on. These
1 so), at whose beck
)8e cruel hands m

k us to eat. In the
unoes of broad and
they bring us about
f such sort, that to
bout either seeing,
'e to live upon, not
t have been so \reaic
'0 much of the time,
ziness in my head.
) us late. It was

ifl

rfri--- '■i-^.*^A^*S.iv-i.'

■tnlwimM

MIWBIWllMWpw*?™'-

Fifth New York Cavaluy.

259

dark and could not be seen. The next morning wherever
a sediment could be found ia pails or ciapa, big maggots
took the place of rice. The soup was made of old bacon .
JIany prisoners were sick at the thought of what they had
eaten.

The water we have to drink is from JaincH river, and in
consequence of recent rains, it is so roily, that to fill a cup
and let it stand an hour, you can find half an in<ih of mud
on the bottom. It is with difficulty we can use it at all.

After we had been in prison about a week, they brought
in stoves and wood, gave us our rations raw, bread ex-
cepted, added e little salt and vinegar, and we did our own
ccKjking. Though this adds much to t\xn heat of our rooms,
we prefer to malto our own soup. The prisoners are divided
into messes, each using the fitoves by turns. A tabk haa
also been constructed, with benches along side, which ren-
der our meals more acceptabio. These are the only seats
in our !fo<jms, except in one room, where they have bunks,
which are used for sitting and sleeping.

About the last of July an arraugemcnt was made, whei-e-
by we could seud out money by the prison authorities, and
purchase such groceries w ws chose. Some had money,
md they have been living well For one dollar green--
backs, we can get from five to ten dollars CJonfed. Capt,
Hamlin had five dollars eeui: him. from homo, which tho
authorities deUiiued, and for which they gavo him t'hirty-
iive dollars Confed. At this rate of oschnngo, tho einor-
mous figures attached to the things we purchase, are not
1-0 very large prices after all. Piles of vc^oUibles, bread
and fruit, are brought in about every other morning, and
it is estimated that the 60D officers now confined iu Libby,

Mmwm\

"m:

'.JJ.S

.■,*.'

r." /> --..il--A»-*jt-';-JT

2G0

lIisToiiic Recouds,

expend on nn avorapje of 3650 Confed. daily. Thin ig u
great privilege which most of the prisoners enjoy. How-
ever, some have no money, and are compelled to live on
their scanty rations.

Yours, at times very lonely,

L. N. B., Chaplain 5th N. Y. Cav.

LiBBY Peison, Riolimond, Va., I

tetober 6th, 1803. (

J/y Dear P. R.: In my last I gave you a description of
our fare, I will now tell you how we spend our time. Wc
ore generally roused in the morning by the cry of black
Ben: — "All four copies of de morning papers! Great
news in de papers 1" He finds a ready sale for his insigni-
ficant sheets, which are as free of literary taste as they arc
of truth, though we have to pay twenty-five cents per copy
Between the reading of these and tho performance of our
toilet, the morning hours pa^s away. Then comes the work
in bones, bones from the beef supplied us. You would
wonder to see the crosses, rings, books, boxes, stars, hearts
&c., which I have already manufactured with an old jack-
knife and a little file. So.ne of the prisoners spend all their
time in this work. In fact, hone on the brain is a diseiuse
almost as universal as that other which prompts to "skir-
mishing," a habit the prisoners have of taking oflF their
clothes and picking them. This is done to keep down fl»u'-
mal life, which, here, is very exuberant. But this mere
change between bone cutting and "skirmishing," became too
monotonous, and some of ua have organized a debating society,
which is known as " The Libby Lice-I-see-'em," (Lyceum).
In this body grave questions are discussed, besides those
that are not so grave, and many momeuts are whiled awny

— ■iimwMWffiiwg'^'-'-'

Fifth Xew York Cavaluy.

261

3njoy. How-
ed to live on

^f. Y. Cav.

lond, Va., 1
5th, 18(58. f

escriptiou of

ir time. Wo

cry of black

jera ! Great

r his iusigni-

! na thoy arc

Qts per copy.

jance of our

les the work

You would

stars, heartvS

an old jack-

2nd all their

is a disease

3ts to "skir-

ig oflF their

p down ajit-

it this mere

' became too

ting society,

(Lyceum).

sides those

liiled away

filoa.santly. The subject of Mesmerism attracted very able
(libatera, who entertained us several days with instructive
speeches and some amusing experiment's. From these
debates sprang the idea of mock trials aud lectures, which
liavo displayed no little amount of humor, wit and literary
ability.

The debating club have also organized a newspaper af»so-
elation, and have appointed me editor-in-chief of the
weekly Jyibbj/ ChronkleA This is now the great focus of
attraction. Friday morning of each week at ten o'clock, if
you could peep into the east room, upper floor, you would see
It filled with an attentive audience, while the columns of the
Chronicle are being read, of course, from manuscript.

To aid in the quickening of our intellectual life, a few
days ago, an opportunity was offered for purchasing books
from the city, and immediately Libby Prisoa was converted
into one of the highest literary institutions of the south,
i'ou will hardly believe m^, when I tell you that we have
classes in arithmetic, algebra and geometry, in philosophy,
history, theology and medicine, while the languages, Greek,
Latin, German, Italian, Spanish and French, are each stu-
"died with peculiar delight. My French class alone numbers
about one hundred members. And last, but not least, comes
tiie class in phonography, which can boa«t of nearly two
hundred. In this we have no books. But by means of a
poncho, thrown over a shelf, a narrow blackboard is made,
on which, with a piece of chalk, I delineate the mysterious
taaracters, which the prisoners readily learn. Already
articles for the Chronicle have been received, in phonographic
characters.

' Wee Appendix.

■^-

t*>t«v-iV!^*'-itaf*'jiB«%i(»'w^4A ,

262

HisToiuc Records.

You see that many of us are very busy, especially when
vou add to the above studies and oooupations, the houra
spent in singing and in religious worship. From two to
four sermons are preached per week, alternating between the
nine chaplains who are prisoners here. Every evening an
hour is devoted to a meeting for social worship in which
many take a lively interest. These interesting seasons are
often followed by a reunion for singing, during which the
prison walls are made to echo with our best patriotic airs,
sung with a aest seldom known elsewhere. Chaplain
McCabe, one of the most impressive singers I ever heard,
generally takes the lead. I have often wondered, that the
authorities did not veto this privilege, as the guards around
the prison are oilen heard to curse and hiss with madness,
at the sentiments of our songs.

Having thus spent the day and evening, we seek rest
upon tke hard floor, along which the prisoners lie, close-
packed, like sardines in a can. To the hard Poor and t\v,
" pesky varmints" many sleepless hours are (!•.. oted, which,
however, are licqaeutly beguiled by the cracking of jokes,
and the calling iiji, by mnans of catechetical questioning
and answering, ))|| ijiii Immurous scenes and incidents of
the day. Sleep at last comes with dreams of home and bet-
ter days; but we awake ngain to the reality of prison life.

Yesterday — which was Sunday — I was permitted to visit
Pemberton Castle, across tl^e way from Libby, where I
preached to about 1,800 of our brave boys, who were cap-
tured at Chiokauuiuga, and whose officers are in Libby.
I found these men in the most wretched condition. On
being brought here they were stripped of overcoats, blank-
ets, ponchoes, haversaoks and canteens. Their rooms arc

Fifth Nkw York Cavalry.

268

pecially when
ns, the hours
From two to
g between the
y evening an
hip in which
ig seasons are
Dg which the
patriotic airs,
e. Chaplain
I ever heard,
ered, that the
;uards around
rith madness,

we seek rest
iTS lie, close-
f'oor and t\u
. )ted, which,
iug of jokes,
1 questioning
incidents of
rome and bet-
prison life,
uitted to visit
bj, where I
rho were cap-
re in Libby
ndition. On
■coata, blank-
ir rooms are

filthy and full of vermin, evev? worse than Libby. The
stench from the rear, unchecked by any doors, floods the
rooms with a nausea the most sickening and deadly. These
poor, half-naked men, spend their nights walking to and fro
in the rooms, unable to sleep from the cold, which, at this
treason of the year, is quite intense. Their rations are less
than those given to the officers in Libby. During my stay
ill the Castle I found nearly 200 men, so siok, that they
were not able to raise their heads I'rom the dirty floor,
where they lay without blankets, nor even a stick of wood
t'ur a pillow. I was so much afi'eoted on seeing them as
almost to incapacitate me to preach to them. At the close
of the services they brought me a package of about 175
letters for their friends, which the authorities refused to
transmit for them, and which I promised to send — a few
at a time — through the channel open to the officers. I
enjoyed the walk to and from the Castle, and rejoiced on
reaching my room in Libby, that my condition was so de-
sirable, compared to that of others.

There are some rumors that the chaplains are soon to be
unconditionally released. It may be so.

Yours hopefully,
L. N. B., Chaplain 6th N. Y. Cav. .

On Board Flag-of-'f race Boat, New York,
In the James, off City Point, Va
October 7<A,1868

I am free

Mj/ Dear P. R. : 1 am free I This morning about three
o'clock, the sergeant of the prison guard, entering my room
with a candle in his hand, cried out, " Are there chaplains
in this room?" I quickly answered in the affirmative.
" Pack up, and come down," was quickly said in his usual-

llfe*^^'^'-"

264

Historic Recouds.

ly griiflF way. Such packing up 1 it took not many momenta.
I hastily stuffed the files of the Libhy Chronicle in mj
boot 'egs, carefully secured in my ooat pocket 123 letters
from the prisoners of Pembertoa Castle and of Libby,
which were brought me as soon as it was known I wa«
going, put my Spanish grammar under my arm, hid inj
treasures of worked " bones " in my pants pockets, and drew
around me, over all, a shawl which they had not purloined
from me. There were fears that we would be searched as we
had been upon entering Libby. Those of my friends, who
knew how many documents and letters I had on my person,
sought to have me leave them, as their discovery by the
authorities would cost me prolonged imprisonment, and,
doubtless, too, in a dingy cell. But T had promised our
poor fellows in the Castle that I would care for their letters,
and was bound to do so at any cost, nor was I willing to
leave behind me the pages to which I had devoted so many
hours of careful study. I ran a fearful risk. We were
not searched, and the precious relics are mine. The letters
I will seal, put stamps on them, and mail thei^ on reaching
Washington. A little before daybreak we bade good bye
to our friends and fellow-sufferers, sad to leave them there,
and turned our backs on Libby. On passing to the street,
the guard were crying out, as was their custom at stated
periods of the night, "Post No. 1, all's well," "Post No.
2, all's well," &c. It was the first time we had seen the
" all's well " in the light it then appeared.

Only eight of us were released, Chaplains Jos. T. Brown,
6th Md. Vols.; E. C. Ambler, 67th Pa. Vols.; D. C. Eber-
hart, 87th Pa. Vols.; James Harvey, 110th Uhio Vols.;
E. W. Brady, 116th Ohio Vols; Geo. H. Hammer, 12th

ft^l^^MfMlWWIW

■MMMinMllHi

■»¥■-"

Fifth New Youk Cavalry

266

many moments.
'hroHicle in mj
sket 123 letters
and of Libby,
18 known I wag
f arm, hid inj
ckets, and drew
I not purloined
searched as we
y friends, who
on my person,
Boovery by the
onment, and,

promised our
•r their letters,
aa I willing to
i'oted 80 many
sk. We were
. The letters
4 on reaching
Jade good bye
3 them there,

to the street,
lorn at stated
" " Post No.
had seen the

)s. T. Brown,
D. C. Eber-
tihio Vols.;

immer, 12tb

Pa. Cavalry; 0. Taylor, 5th Mich. Cavalry, and myself.
Chaplain C. C. McCabe, 122d Ohio Vols., was compelled
to remain, sick in the hospital. Before sunrise we left the
Rebel capital for Petersburg, where we changed cars for
City Point, and at twelve M., fo the first time, after many
liinjj days df waiting, we beheld our glorious starry flag,
floating at Toast head on the flag-of-truce steamir. A few
moments more and we were beneath its protecting folds
and among our friends. Too much cannot be said in praise
of Major Mulford, agent of exchange, on board the New
York, who sought by every means in his power to make
U8 comfortable and happy. The rest of the story I will
tell you when I come, as I expect a leave of absence on
arriving at Washington.

Yours, for Home and the Flag,

L. N. B., Chaplain 5th N. Y. Cav.

Thti following account of prison experience will be found
full of interest :

I was captured in the fight at Cedar creek, the 12th No-
vember, 1864, by the 4th Virginia Cavalry. They took my
liorse equipments, pocket book, knife, trinkets, boots and
Kpurs, and marched aie off with about 150 other prisoners
from our division, to Rosser's headquarters near New Mar-
ket, where was served out to us a pint of flour each, all we
got for thirty-six hours. Hero we were stripped and
searched. When remonstrance was made, they said they
were looking for commissions. Our good clothes were taken
from us and we were obliged to take their filthy rags. On
the 15th we were sent from New Market to Staunton, a
distance of forty-three miles, where we arrived the 17th,

'^1

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206

IIisTouic Records.

almost nakod, having been robbed and plundered the whole
of the way, even to the cutting off of our buttons. Here
we were served with rations, four crackers and one quarter
pound of beef to each man, and closely confined iu a strung
log guard house. The 21st we were put on a iVeight train
and sent to Richmond, being eighteen hours on the cura.
Here we wore confined in Libby Prison one night. Next
morning we were stripped and searched again, meanwhile
receiving the greatest abuse. After the search we were
placed in Pemberton Castle. Wo suffered very much for
want of food and clothes, it being piercing cold.

December 2>d. Serveu out two days' rations, consisting
of one small loaf of bread and one fifth of a cod-fish. Next
day we were crowded in freight oars and sent to Danville,
where we arrived at eight o'clock p. M., and were confined
in the cars all night, without being able to get a drink of
water ; and some of the men were in the greatest filth.

December 5th. Changed cars. A few others and myself
were put in a car with fifty embalmed bodies. Changed
cars again at Greensboro', and, at ten o'clock at night, were
put on a freight train, with one hundred men in each car,
and so closely packed that it was not possible to sit down.
Two men died in the night from suffocation. At three
A. M. next day we arrived at Salisbury, N. C. and made a
stand in the road, mud ankle deep, until nine o'clock, when
we were marched to prison. It was once a cotton mill, sur-
rounded by a high fence, strongly guarded, and commanded
by three twelve pounders. It is a hard place. Being the
last batch, we have no tents nor any kind of shelter yet, and
from sixty to eighty dying every day from actual starvation.

DeceTnher 1th. It ruined and froze hard last night, and poor.

MMM

Fifth New York Cavalry.

267

3red the whole
uttuns. Here
id one quarter
0(1 iu a strong
I freight train
s on the cars.

night. Next
in, meanwhile
irch we were
iry much for
d.

US, oonsistiog
d-fiah. Next
i to Danville,
were confined
St a drink of
est filth.
i and myself
iS. Changed
at night, were

in each oar,

to sit down.
1. At three

and made a
•'clock, when
A)Q mill, 8ur-
1 commanded
Being the
Iter yet, and
il starvation.
;ht, and poor,

half-naked men are in a miserable plight. It is heart-
rending to see some of them, with their famished looks and
mere skeleton forms.

December Slh. The guard (68th N. C. regiment) received
orders to fire on any of us seen walking about the yard, or
|{oing *iO the rear after nundown. That night they killed
two men and wounded another. In the morning they shot
a man in a tent asleep. I reported the sentry to Major
Gee, in command. He questioned the sentry about it,
whose excuse was, that he had three niggers in line and
never expected such a shot again, but he happened to miss
them and killed this man. He was praised for the act and
received a forty days' furlough.

December 10th. We feel the cold very much. The groand
is covered with snow. Men are to be seen almost froitni
to death — hands and feet frozen, in several cases — in
every direction. A great many died during the night fVom
exposure and want of food. We have been kept seventy-
five hours without rations, and in the meantime the Rebels
tried to persuade us to enlist, by offering a bounty of fifty
dollars, one loaf of bread, and a canteen of whiskey — " the
isrgest bounty," they said, " ever offered in the Confede-
racy." They got some recruits — men who were afraid of
starving to death, and enlisted to save their lives.

December IQth. Several escaped, myself in the number. I
got within twenty miles of our lines, was recaptured, and
brought back to prison again. We are tunneling, and ex-
pect soon to make another break.

January ith. Eighty-six men in the dead house, who
died during the night. Thirty of my men^ died since I

' He had charge of a division of one thousand men.

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268

Historic Recouds.

1:
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came here. Four companies of Yanks that were enlisted
here, from time to time, and fully equipped, in Florence
killed their Rebel officers, hung their Sergeant Major for
interfering seiied four pieces of artillery, and effected their
escape to 3ep. Sherman's lines.

January Qth. Quarter rations, consisting of meal, made
from corn and corn-cobs groucd together, and baked into
bread.

January 12th. I have several men without any kind of
shelter. A great many have dug holes in the ground to
live in, working at them with a part of a canteen, a nail, or
piece of iron, or any thing they can get, not being allowed
any tools. Thirty-nine men died last night. The commis-
sairy has nothing to issue to the prisoners, no food of any
kind. There is plenty outside the prison, but not for us.

January IHtfi. Three table-spoonfuls of molasses issued
to each man, and one quart of vinegar to every hundred
men.

January 20tk. One of my men dropped dead while trying
to eat some soup, made of rice and water. Another tunnel
is finished. Ten of us escape from prison, are seen snd
fired on by the guard. Three men, with myself, got wi far
as Morgantown, a distance of eighty-four miles, when we
were recaptured and brought back to prison again.

January 2Sth. A men, sent out to the dead house for
dead, comes to life in tho dead cart on his way to be buried,
and is brought back to the hospital, where he recovers.

January SOth. The Rcbs are trying to get more recruito.
Last night a man was robbed of seventy dollars in green-
backs and three hundred in Confed. that he was fortunate
enough to secure, in hopes of sometime making his escape.

irijr»i-.w mm^iimM'mi

mt were enlisted
)ed, in Florence,
rgeant Major for
ad effected their

g of meal, made
and baked into

out any kind of
n the ground to
iQtecn, a nail, or
Dt being allowed
t. The comrnis-
no food of any
>ut not for OS.
molas&cs issued
every hundred

ead while trying
Another tunnel
n, are seen and
yself, got Rfi far
miles, when we
again.

dead house for
ay to be buried,
e recovers.
it more recruite.
illars in green-
le was fortunate
cing his escape.

Fifth New York Cwalby.

February Sd. Two men only allowed to go once a day to
bring the allowance of wood for each hundred men.

Februory f)th. Sixty-five men escaped over the fences last
night. It is thought the guard assisted them, as some of
them also are missing.

February Hth. There have been, up to this date, five thou-
sand seven hundred and fifty deaths in this prison, out
of nine thousand, in less than three months.

February llth. Men suffering very much from scurvy.
The small-pox has also broken out. Got one quart of vine-
gar to each hundred men to-dr-y.

February lith. Capt. Porter, 18th Mass., Maj. Howard,
4th N. Y. Mounted Rifles, and a Capt. of the 146th N. Y.
S. Vols., whose name I don't remember, commenced issuing
a iew blanket* the government sent us last November, but
were kept in Richmond, until the cold is nearly over, by
tl Rebel authorities there.

February ISth. Three hundred prisoners came here from
Andersonville and Charlotte. Pants, blouses and shirta
were issued by the above-named officers, one hundred of
.each to a division, consisting of one thousand men.

February 20th. I am making out rolls of the men able
to bear a journey. We are going to to be paroled when
these rolls are finished.

February 22d. Sending sick to Richmond. The rest
were fallen in on the square ; a parole was read to us and about
noon we left the prison, marched to South Atkia, six miles
rom Salisbury, and camped for the night.

FAruary 23rf. Marched out early. Passing through
Lexington a lady gave me a gingerbread cake that was most
acceptable. Four miles beyond the town wo camped.

««wiwa««»K«w«s*»

270

Historic Bscords.

Fehruarit 2\lh. Marched along the railroad. A great
many men gave out, not being able to stand the march. We
passed through Thomasville, then on to High Point,
where we camped for the night.

February 2,Qth. Having reached Greeasboro' we were
put on the oars and sent to Goldsboro' by way of Ra-
leigh, where we had to wait until parole papers were made
out. I had to pay forty dollars (Confed.) for my dinner
there on the 27th. Parole papers made out, we were put
on board oars for Wilmington, where we arrived safely.
The moment we beheld the Old Glory, three enthusiastic
cheers burst Arom one and all. It was gladdening to think
we wore under ita protection once more. The dear old

^, may it never lose tt star !

On getting into town, the U. S. Sanitary Commission did
everything they could to alleviate our suffering.

March lit. I drank my first cup of coffee since my im-
prisonment. It ia reported, that when Gen. Schofield,
commanding department, saw our wretched condition from
starvation, he gave orders to put the prisoners he took on
capturing Wilmington, on quarter rations, and reduce them
to skin and bones.

March 8d. Left Wilmington on the Esoort.

March bfh. Crossed the Bar and embarked on the Her-
man Livingston for Annapolis, Md., via Fortress Monroe.

March 10th. Disembarked at our destination, received
compensation money, Ac, Ac, and got things comfortable
once more. (Extracts from the Diary of John Evans, Esq.,
of the Fifth New York Cavalry).

Chaplain: You can never know how much we have suf-
fered. Tongue cannot tell nor pen describe the suffering and

iiiiiiiwimi.]jiiiiii>»<

d on the Hei-
ress Monroe,
tion, received
^ comfortable
1 Evans, Esq.,

I we have suf-
I suffering and

HMBtHR

Fifth Nbw Yoek Cavalry.

271

oad. A great

be march. We

High Point,

boro' we were
y way of Ra-
lera were made
for my dinner
t, we were put
iriived safely,
ee enthusinstio
jning to think
The dear old

ommission did

since my im-
en. Sohofield,
ondition from
ars he took on
1 reduce them

misery endured by our soldiers at Andersonville, Qa.,
where I was confined. Yoa would not believe it, if it were
told. I would not, t.3A< v not been there. But Qod has
been good to me in sparing my life. (Extract from a letter
of William P. Smith, company C, Fifth New York Cavalry,
dated Parole Hospital, Yicksburg, Miss., April 12, 1865).

The following list of the men of the regiment, who
died in Rebel prisons, h>>.s been prepared with much
care, and must prove intensely interesting to their friends
and surviving comrades. These important data were mostly
secured from men, who had retoroed to ns, and who had
watched their less fortunate fellow-suffeiers, as mind and
body gave away under the Bufferings and destitution of
their wretched imprisonment.

Some information was also obtained from official docu-
ments from the War Department, at Washington, D. G.

272

Historic Recoudb.

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CHAPTER XVI.

Our Scout. — With Gen. Stahel. — Quides Cavalry Corps from Fair-
fax C. H. to Fredericlc City, Md., June, 1868.— Ordered to Watcli
Movementa of Kebel Army, Marching ob its Qrand Invasion of
I'onnsylvauia. — In Disguise he Visit! Rebel Gen. Stuart.—
Captures Ilebel Army Mail, with Important Dispatches, at
H'igerutown, Md. — Carries Dispatches from Gen. Grant to
President Lincoln, during Battle of the Wilderness. — Among
the Rebels near Weldon & Petersburg R.R. — Hard Tramp

' through Woods and Swamps. --The Colored Guide. — Gladly
Reaches our Lines Again.

At the time of the Rebel inTasion of Maryland and
Peunsjivania, in 1863, I was chief scout of Gen. Stahel,
commanding division of cavalry in Defenses of Washington.
June 24, 1863, I guided the cavalry from Fairfax Court
House on ita way into Maryland. We forded the Potomac
at Young's Island, two miles below the mouth of Qoose
creek, and marched to Frederick City. I put up at the
Dill Hotel, the headquarters of the general. At eleven p.
M. the general sent for me. Obeying the summons, I found
him with Major Kephart, Captains Kidd and Chauncoy, of
his staff, engaged in drawing sketches and routes of the
enemy* from a large map, spread out before them. Rising
from his seat the general bade me a pleasant " good eve-
ning," and added :

" Sergeant, I have a very hard trip for you. If you

'ij'.jM..m,.o.ff.'i'^--'^M.''-'

vjv,'J*ie't--y^i'ri

J'lFTii New York Cavalry.

277

ry Corps from F»ir-
— Or(iered to Witch
Grand Invasion of
el Gen. Stuart. —
mt Dispatches, at
>m Gen. Grant to
Iderneas, — Among
R. — Hard Tramp
d Guide. —Gladl/

f Maryland and
of Gdn. Stahel,
8 of Washington,
n Fairfax Court
ded the Potomao
mouth of Goose
I pnt up at the
I. At eleven p.
immons, I found
nd Chauncoy, of
d routes of the
them. Rising
saut " good eve-

ir you. If you

think it can be accomplished, I wish you to commence it
to-night, for, if it is to bo done at all, now is the time."

"Well, general," I replied, saluting him, " I am readj^ to
do all in my power to help the cause, and if we are to
commence the work to-night, the sooner we get to business
tho better."

He then directed me to repair to the Potomac near
Williamsport, to watch the movements of the enejiiy, to
aseerttiin his strength and the routes taken by the different
columns, &c,, and to communicate all serviceable informa-
tion to himself, or to Gen. Meade, who bad just assumed
command. I was to Uke aa many men as I needed, to
mount them on horses secured by his order, to take such
routes as, in my own judgment, were best, and to return only
when I thought tho interest of the service so required, or I
should receive further orders from him.

My horse was aoon ready, and, after receiving the gene-
ral's order for ten picked men out of Col. Price's brigade, I
bade him good bye, and set out to Middletown, near which
Col. Price was then encamped. It was ten A. M. when I
presented my order to the colonel, with the request that the
- men should be taken from the 1st Michigan Cavalry, each of
ten companies to furnish its bravest and best man. Those
gallant troopers were soon ready, and, having reported to
me in due style, we began our toilsome march over the
South Mountain for Boonsboro', which we reached at four

A. M. next day.

Here we learned that the Rebels were crossing the river
at two points, Falling Waters and Williamsport, but their
advance had not yet entered the town. We spent the day
riding up and down the river on different roads, watching

IWK&-^'K^

«-.-" «^4.fflti..l 1' Jiff' . '«,v.^! 1^^,

278

Historic Records.

their moTcmenta. At night I left my men at the United
States Hotel, kept by a good Union man namcni Smith, and
started for Hagorstown. I soon found that the main bodj
of thoir army was moving towards Ghambcrsburg, Pt.
Having spent the night in the vicinity, I returned eirlj
next morning, and dispatched a messenger to the general
with what information we had obtained.

These proceedings occupied our time until Saturday night
of that week, when Qec. Stuart, commanding Rebel oavalrj,
came into Hagerstown.

I was very anxioui to learn all about his force, and the
movements contemplated, and resolved upun a plan to see the
general himself, or some of his btaff.

Of a Union man 1 procured a suit of raglingt, knocked
off one boot heel to make one leg shorter than itc mate, and
put a gimblet, a tow string and an old broken jack-knife in
my pockets. My jewelry corresponded with my clothes. I
adopted the name of George Fry, a harvest hand of Dr.
Farney's, from Wolitown, on the north side of the mountain,
and I was a cripple from rheumatism. Having completed
arrangements with Dr. Farney, Mr. Landers and other Union
men, that they might be of service to me in case the Rebels
were suspicious of my character, I hobbled away on my
perilous journey, and entered the city, by leaping the high
stone wall which guards it on the north side, near the
depot, just as the town clock struck one.

It was a clear starlight night, and the glistening bayo-
nets of the sentries could be seen as they walked their
lonely beat Scarcely had I gained the sidewalk, leading
to the centre of the town, when the sentry cried, ''Halt I
who goes there?" "A friend," I replied. " A friend to

I
I

Fifth Now York Cavalry.

279

aen at the United
aampd Smith, and
bat the main bodj
lambcrsburg, Pa,
I returnod early
er to the generti

til Saturday night
ing Rebel cavalry,

lis force, and the
D a plan to see the

'Offh'ngi, knocked
han its mate, and
i^en jack-knife in
h my clothes. I
est hand of Dr.
of the moantain,
having completed
and other Union
a case the Rebels
led away on my
leaping the high
1 side, near the

glistening bayo-
ey walked their
dewalk, leading
J cried, "Halt!
" A friend to

north or south?" "To south, of course, and all right."
" Advance then," wan the response. I told him I had come
in to see our brave boys, who could whip the Yankees so
liandBomely, &o., and we fell to discussing the war ques-
tions of the day. In the midst of our ooUoqny, up came
thd officer of the guard, who, afler asking me a few ques-
tions, said : " Had you not better go with me to see Gen.
Stuart?" " I should reelly like ter git a sight of the gini-
r;il," I quickly replied, " for I never seen a reel giniral in all
my life." I was soon in the presence of the general, who
received me very cordially. I told him who I was and
where I lived when at home. " Wolftown J" remarked the
[general, " have not the Yankees a large wagon train there?"
I told him they had, and, turning to one of his utaff, he said,
'I must ha>e it, it would bo a fine prise." I noted bis
words, and I determined, if I possessed any Yankee wit, to
make use of it on this occasion. " Qiniral," said I, "you aU
don't think of capterin' them are Yankee wagons, do you?"
" Why not ? I have here 5,000 cavalry and sixteen pieces of
artillery, and I understand the train is lightly guarded."

I told him they came there that afternoon, with twelve
•big brass cunnoo and three regiments of foot soldiers, and
if he was to try to go through the gap in the mountain,
they would shoot all the cannon off right in the gap, .d
kill all of his men and horses. The general laughed, t^d
said I had a strange idea of war, if I thought so many men
would be killed at once, and added, that I would not be a
very brave soldier. I replied, that many times I had felt
like going into the Confederate army, but my rheumatism
kept me out.

After 8 while the general concluded not to try the train,

Trajv:

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280

Historic Records.

5;:

V,,'

and I was heartily glad, for he would have taken 2,000
wagons easily, as they were guarded by not more than three
hundred men.

He then gave orders to hav3 the main body of his cav-
alry move toward Green Castle, and I distinctly heard him
give orders to the major to stay in town with fifty men m
rear guard, and to send on the army mail, which was ex-
pected there about six the net evening. I made up my
mind thnt it would be a small mail he would get, as I pro-
posed to myself to be postmaster for once.

After seeing the general and his cavalry move out of
town, I went directly for my horse, which I had concealed
in a safe place some distance from the city, and surveyed
the ground to see which way I could best come in to cap-
ture the mail, and determined to charge the place ra iho
pike from Boonsboro' and made my arrangements to that
efiFect. I got a Union man by the name of Thornburgh to
go into the town and notify the Union people, that when
the town clock struck six p, m. I would charge in and cap-
ture the Rebel mail, -vt the risk of losing my own life and
every man with me. I had now but eight men, two hav-
ing been sent to the j^ aeral with dispatches.

I then returned to Boonsboro', and found my men waiting
for me. I told them my intentions, and offered to send
back to his regiment any man who feared to go r.ith me.
But every one bravely said he would not leave me, nor
surrender without my order. I ordered them to bring
their horses, and we were soon on the road. It wa.", a
moment of thrilling interest to us all, as we approached
Hagerstown, and lingered to hear the signal strokes of that
monitor, in the old church tower. At the appointed time

lave taken 2,000
it more than three

n body of his cav-
itinctly heard him
with fifty men m
lil, which was ex-
;. I made up my
)uld get, as I pro-

ralry move out of
h I had concealed
ity, and surveyed
st come in to cap-
I the place rn iho
ngements to that
jf Thornburgh to
people, that when
harge in and cap-
f my own life and
ht men, two hav-
es.

d my men waiting
d offered to send
3d to go r.ith me.
lot leave me, nor
1 them to bring
road. It wa.s a
IS we approached
>.al strokes of that
ic appointed time

't*

■> f

' t

-:*

imsiK--"^

Wi-k

tnu

lii'

Hill! wii.iiuu'wiikiaji'! I'll, -fflsuggg^-^bagg/'

Fifth New York Cavalky.

283

(we had entered the edge of the town), with a wild shout
we dashed into the street, and the major and his fifty braves
fled without firing a shot. We captured sixteen prisoners,
twenty-six horses, several small arms, and a heavy army
mail, which contained three dispatches from Jeff. Davis,
and two from the Ilebel secretary of war, to Gen. Lee.
All this substantial booty we safely carried within our lines,
without the loss of a man or a horse.

Many thanks are due to Dr. C. R. Doran, and to Robert
Thornburgh, for their kind and timely assistance, and also
to Misses Susie Carson and Addie Brenn.ir, who did so
much for the comfort of our bravo men. I still have in my
possession some choice flowers, preserved from a bouquet,
presented me by Miss Cirton the evening we captured the
Kebei mail ; and though the flowers have faded, ine good
deens done by the giver will ever grow bright through
coming time. All honor to the brave Union ladies.

Saturday, May 7th, 1864. I left Gen. Grant's headquar-
ters, accompanied by G. M. Cline, Gen. Meade's chief of
scouts, with importaut dispatcbea for President Lincoln,
Quartermaster Ge". Meigs, Surgeon Gen. Barnes, and
.others of the Department. The fighting was terrific on the
right and left wings when we started. It was two P. M.
Crossed the Rappahaunoek at U. S. Ford. We traveled] all
night through the enemy's country. We could see their sig-
nal rockets, sent up along the line of signal stations, from Belle
Plain to Guineas Station, on the Richmond and Fredericks-
burg rail road. We reached the Potomac at four next
morning at Acquia creek. Fearing the guerrillas, should
we remain on the Virginia shore, we constructed a raft of
drift wood and boards, on which, by great exerticu, pad-

'IS"

284

IIiSTORic Records.

dling under a broiling sun, we succeeded in crossing the
river, which, at this point, is several miles wide. By trav-
eling afoot about five miles, we met a Union guard, who
conducted us to Gapt. Bussell, company A, First Purneli
Legion.

The captain entertained us with a good dinner, which
relished well afler over twenty-four hours' hard toil, miniu
our rations. After dinner we hailed a schooner, bound lip
stream, and Gapt. Russell sent us out to her in his row-
boat. It proved to be the General Hunter of Baltimore,
The captain informed us that he had a case of smallpox
aboard, and strove to warn us away. But we were too
anxious to get to Washington with our dispatches to be
delayed by one case of small-pox. Light breezes, or no
breeze at all, delayed us, and we did not reach the capital
till seven A. M. on the 9th. We were knded at the navy
yard, whence we were sent to the War Department in the
private carriage of the officer in command.

The authorities had not heard from the army in three
days — and eventful daye they had been — as Mosby had
cut off all communication by way of the Orange and Alex-
andria rail road.

After delivering our messages and receiving answers,
with other dispatches for Gen. Grant, Gen. Meigs sent us
down the river aboard the steamer Lizzie Bake?. We
were landed at night, near Acquia creek, and traveled to
Fredericksburg. Seeing camp fires in and about the
town, we expected to meet the Rebels^ but were gladly
disappointed in finding them to be our own.

The next morning, the 10th, we had the pleasure of tak-
ing breakfast with Lieut. F. A. Boutolle of the Fifth New

Is •

Mwfun

'"^S5W^'''''!?WSgRSSW^^

i in crossing the
I wide. By trav-
nion guard, who
A, First Purnell

»d dinner, which
hard toil, minu»
looner, bound up
) her in his row-
ter of Baltimore,
3086 of smallpox
Jut we were too
dispatches to be
it breezes, or no
reach the capital
nded at the navy
apartment in the

he army in three
— as Mosby had
)range and Alez-

oeiving answers,
sn. Meigs sent us
zie Bake ■. We
and traveled to
and about the
but were gladly
I.

i pleasure of tak-
)f the Fifth New

Fifth New York Cavaluy.

2d6

York Cavalry, chief ambulance officer of the division
Having secured horses and an orderly, we started for Gen.
Grant's headquarters, which we reached about eleven A. M.,
near Spottsylvania Court House. The fighting was very
heavy during the day, and continued through the night.

May 11th, near SpoUxi/lvania Court House. Our men cap-
ture eight generals, forty-five pieces of artillery, and seven
thousand prisoners.

4.itffust 30lh, 1864. It had been reported that the Rebels
were constructing a cross rail road from Stony Creek Station,
Woldon & Petersburg rail road, to the Southside rail road-
I was sent to ascertain the fact, in company with James Hat-
tan, one of Greneral Grant's scouts. As neither of us knew
the country, we procured a darkey guide. We had pro-
ceeded but a short distance from our lines, at a point near
Lee's mills, on the Blackwater river, when a squad of
Rebels saw us, and gave us chase. Being on foot, we soon
reached thick woodfi, and escaped. We traveled nearly all
night, and, getting near our destination, we started for a
large farm house, to make some inquiries, when a picket
cried out " halt !" As we did not obey him, he fired, and
thus aroused a whole regiment, that was soon in the saddle.
We took to the woods again. We spent considerable time in
trying to cross the Indian swamp, but in vain. Here we lost
our guide, who, desiring to visit his wife at her master's, Mr.
Dunn, whose house was under Rebel guards, was either
killed or captured. By a new route we traveled on toward
Stony Creek Station, till daybreak. At this time we sought
the nearest ravine, where we crept into a few bushes, and
sought rest. Though we were much exposed during the
day, much Rebel cavalry prowling about, and, some of the

286

Historic Records.

time, very near us, yet from a faithful da'key, whom we
saw, we secured both food and drink, and received all
needed information about the new cross rail road, which was
not yet being built.

Under the darkness of night, we 8tarte(i back for our
lines, and crossed the Indian swamp near Mr. Sterling
Saunder's farm, and soon arrived at Mr. Charlos Kean's,
where we found a darkey prepared for a promenade with big
Dinah, it being Sabbath evening. He was dressed in grand
style, with black coat, white panta and vest, standing collar,
and a splendid beaver. He sported a big cane, with a brass
knob on the handle. Thus caparisoned, he did not relish
the idea of becoming guide. But excuses were useless, and
he must show us across the big swamp called Jones' Hole.
The night became very dark, and we were compelled to/ee/
our way much of the time. This was no easy task^ as we
were obliged to walk on fallen trees, some lying in the water,
and others three or four feet above. By a misstep, Mr.
guide went oflF one of these logs into mud and water. It
was difficult to restrain laughter, when the poor fellow
crawled out, to think, had it been day, what a sudden change
of color his white pants and vest must have undergone.
Having reached terra firma on the opposite side of the
swamp, we gave the guide a five doHar greenback, and sent
him back to his Dinah. We crossed the Jerusalem plank road
just south of Captain Proctor's farm house, and reached our
lines about twelve M., at Burnt Mills, near the Norfolk rail
road. We wero furnished horses and an orderly, and made
our way to General Grant's headquarters, glad to be within
our own lines once more. C. A. P.

Co. G, Fifth New York Cavalry.

^'•"im.!^h^mm<.^.ii^sf^

^ssssms^^mm^m.sm^m^k

rkey, whom we
1(1 received all
road, which was

a back for our
r Mr. Sterling
::)harl<js Kean'fl,
nenade with his
ressed in grand
standing collar,
ae, with a brass

did not relish
ere QMless, and
d Jones' Hole,
•mpelled to /eel
asy task, as we
ig in the water,
a misstep, Mr.
nd water. It
le poor fellow
sudden change
ve undergone,
ite side of the
iback, and sent
Jem plank road
nd reached our
le Norfolk rail
erlj, and made
d to be within

A. P.,
ork Cavalry.

CHAPTER XVIL

Company Kegisters. — Organizations. — Officers.-
cidents iv Personal Adventures of the men.

• Interesting In-

In tL.s connection is given only an epitome of each com-
pany, in which may be found the dates of the appointments
or commissions of its officers ; an account of its organiza-
tion ; the leading events of its history, and a brief mention
of a few men, who, for special acts of bravery, or for pecu-
liar misfortunes, are deemed worthy of this notice. It would
be a pleasure to mention here all those men, who possessed
the " stuff of which heroes are made," and who have always
performed their duty so well, but the space allotted us will
not permit it

Company A.

Officer*.

Re-

Augustus P. Green, Captain, August 15th, 1801.
signed, November 5th, 1862.

Thomas Burns, 1st Lieutenant, August 15th, 1861. He-
signed, May 2lBt, 1862.

Henry Wilson, 2d Lieutenant, August 15th, 1861. Ist
Lieutenant, May 21st, 1861. Captured, July 18th, 1862,
Barnett's Ford, Resigned, December 28th, 1862.

Luke McGuinn, 2d Lieutenant, May 23d, 1862. Captain,
24

im '

288

Historic Kkcords.

November 5th, 1862. Killed, May 5th, 1864, Parker's Store.

Frazer A. Boutclle, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant,

September 10th, 1862. 1st Lieutenant, December 20th,

1863. Discharged, Expiration of Term, September Ist,

1864. Captain, November 14th, 1864.

Theodore A. Boice, 1st Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant,
December 29th, 1862, Captain, Company B, December
20th, 1863.

William T. Boyd, 2d Lieutenant, December 20tb, 1863.

Michael Hayes, 1st Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant,
November 14th, 1864.

This company formed the original nucleus of the regi-
ment, and was raised by Captain Green, in New York city.
It' was mustered iu the » jrvico of the United States, August
15th, 1861, at Staten Island, N. Y., by Captain L. S. Lamed,
5th U. S. Infantry. The first recruit of the company was Fra-
zer A. Boutelle, ite present captain. It was engaged alone io
the first action recordpd in our history. May 2d, 1862, near
Port Kspublio. It there lost the first prisoner ever made
from the regiment — John Beaumont.

Sergeant C. A. Maguire, August 30th, 1862, distinguished
himself as bearer of dispatches from Gen. Pope to Gen. Mc-
Dowell, having to traverse the enemy's lines between Ma-
nassas Junction and Gainesville, compelled to fight much of
the way, assisted by only ten men, yet accomplishing his
task.

Sergeant T. McGiveran bad three horses killed under
him, and Sergeant W. Murray fou , A solid shot taking
away the horse's head of the latter, June Ist, 1864, at Ash-
land, while falling, he coolly exclaimed, " Be jabers, this is
a fine way to dismount a man I"

Fifth New York Cavalry.

289

Parker's Store,
rom Sergeant,
'ecember 20th,
Boptember Ist,

a Ist Sergeant,
B, December

er 20th, 1868.
Ist Sergeant,

us of the regi-
'Jew York city.
States, Angnst
n L. S. Lamed,
mpany was Fra-
igaged alone in
2d, 1862, near
ner ever made

2, distinguished
)pe to Gen. Mo-
8 between Ma-
0 fight much of
omplishing his

3s killed under
lid shot taking
, 1864, at Ash-
'e jabers, this is

Sergeants T. Burke and W. Herrick, June 80th, 1363,
at IlanoTer, Pa., captured a Rebel battU ut;sg and several
prisoners.

John Catlin, bugler, a boy 8ixt«en years old, March 7th,
1865, Rood's Hill, captured General Rossor's chief bugler,
a tall man, and secured his bugle as a memento of the war.

Nearly the whole company was captured, on picket, at
Barnett's ford, Rapidan, July 18th, 1862.

Original number of men, at time of muster in, 76; whole
number, 183 ; luen killed in action, 2 ; mortally wounded, 2 ;
wounded. 26 ; number of wounds, 35 ; men captured, 58 ;
missed in action and never heard from,^ 2 ; died in Rebel
prisons, 6; died of disease, 7; veterans,' 13; veterans re-
maining, July 19th, 1865, 12; whole number of mea
remaining, 63.

. Company B.

Officert.

Lyon Isaacs, Captain, August 21st, 1861. Resigned, May
18tb, 1862.

David Abohbot, 1st Lieutenant, August 2l8t, 1861. Re-
signed, May, 1862.

Philip Dwyer, 2d Lieutenant, August 21st, 1861. Mor-
tally wounded. May 23d, 1862, Front Royal. Died, May 25th.

Alfred W. Creamer, Captain from Ist Lieutenant Co. E,
May 2d, 1862. Resigned, January 12th, 1863.

Jeremiah Collins, 2d Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant, May
24th, 1862. Left by Special Order, December 13th, 1862.

' These men were probably killed.

' These velerana are men who were originally with the regi-
ment, and who reenlisted in the early part of 1864.

290

Historic Records.

Abrorn II. Hagbrouck, Captain from 2d Lieutenant Co.
G, January 12th, 1868. Left by Special Order, December
26th, 1863.

Samuel MoBride, 2d /'ieutenant from Iloapital Steward,
December 13th, ISfi?. Ist Lieutenant, July 27th, 1863.

Llewellyn N. Stevens, Ist Lieutenant, January 9th, 18t)3.
Itesigned, June Ist, 1868.

Frederic Von Klitiiing, 2d Lieutenant, May 19th, 1863.
Resigned, September 6th, 1863.

Jabex Chambers, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, Sep-
tember Ist, 1868. Ist Lieutenant, March 28th, 1864. Cap.
tain, December 9th, 1864.

Theodore A. Boice, Captain from 1st Lieutenant Co. A,
December 20th, 1863. Major, September 15th, 1864.
Lieutenant Colonel, November 14th, 1864.

Edward Price, 2d Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant, Decem-
ber 9th, 1864.

Capt. Isaacs organized this company in New York city,
commencing the work in. July, 1801. It was mustered into
the service of U. S., August 21st, 1861, Long Island, N.
Y., by Capt. A. P. Green.

The company suffered terribly with company D, May 23d,
1862, at Front Royal.

These two companies were afterward detached from the
regiment, to serve on Crosby's battery, which they did
till October Ist, 1862. Meanwhile they were engaged,
September 19th, at Antietam.

October 9th, 1864, the company aasiafed in capturing six
pieces of artillery and the enemy's train. October 19th,
1864, it captured four pieces of artillery.

Capt. Chunibcrg, September 19th, 1864, captured seven

"■ . ,iJTiJj)g|Mljlgl|W«jw^»jllili)iili^i|Bili|iy

^'im&mmMssusmiissus^i^sf^^m^^^smff"

Fifth New York Cavalry.

291

2d Lieutenant Co.
i Order, Docembor

Hospital Steward,
uly 27th, 1868.
Fanuary 9th, 18t)3.

May 10th, 1863.

Ist Sergeant, Sep-
28th, 1864. Cap-
Lieutenant Co. A,
iber 15th, 1864.

Sergeant, Deoem-

1 New York city,
was mustered iuto
Long Island, N.

janyD, May 23d,

itached from the

which they did

jr were engaged,

i in capturing six
. October 19th,

I, captured seven

prisoners. Sergeant 0. Statley was twice wounded and onco
captured, but escaped from his guards.

Johu Braden was twice captured, but effected his escape
each time, and has had three horses killed under him in

action.

Original number of men, 84; whole number, 190; men
killed in action, 5; mortally wounded, 2 ; wounded, 27 ;
number of wounds, 83 ; men captured, 44; missed in action
and never heard from, 2; died in Rebel prisons, 10 ; died of
disease, 2 ; killed iccidentally, 8 ; discharged by reason of
wounds, 7; veterans, 12; veterans remaining, July 19th,
1805, 8; whole number of men remaining, 59

Original horses remaining, 1.

Left by Special

Company C.
Officen.

Ira Wrighi, Captain, August 8th, 1861.
Order, Septemlwr 22d, 1862.

Henry L. Bogardus, Ist Lieutenant, August 8th, 1861.
Resigned, June Ist, 1862.

Charles J. Farley, 2d Lieutenant, August 8tb, 1861.
Captain, September 22d, 1862. Wounded twice, October
19th, 1863. Wounded in foot, August 25th, 1864. Lost
right leg, and slight wound in head, September 19tb, 1864.
Discharged, Expiration of Term, Jtvnuary 16th, 1865.

Edward Whiteford, 1st Lieutenant, June 1st, 1862.
Resigned, November 12th, 1862.

Benjamin M. Whittemore, Ist Lieutenant from Sergeant,
November 13th, 1862. Captain, January 16th, 1865.

Joseph B. Grice, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant Co. L,
September 22d, 1862. Left by Special Order, May 7th, 180.'}

V,'.

Ss*:.

292

UisTonic Uecords.

Robert tiarper, 2d Lioutoiiant from 1st Sergeant, May
7th, 1H68. LoJl by Special Order 877 A. G. 0., NovemW
l«t, 1804.

William I^ahoj, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, No-
vember 14th, 1SG4. Ist Lieutenant, January IGth, 1865.

i'litrick Tiffany, 2d Lieutenant from lat Sergeant, Janu-
ary 16ih, 1805.

This oomprny was raised in Now York city, ly Capttia
Wright, and was mustered into the sorviae of the United
Sutos, September 8d, 1801, at Staten Island, N. Y., by
Captain L. S. Lamed. It won great praise during the
second battle of Bull Run, by carrying dispatches at night
through the enemy's linos, from General Pope to General
Kearnuy.

Sergeant McNulty was severely wounded and captured,
March ISth, 1804, Ely's Ford, but escaped, saving his
money, h oontiderable amount, in the bottom of one of hit
boots. The Rebels undertook several times to take his
bootfi from him, as was their custom to do, but be plead
successfully on account of his wounds. He was captured
again, June 28th, 1864. Escaped from prison, Greensboro',
S. C, and was five weeks in reaching our lines.

The following captures were made by the company,
October 19th, 1864, at Cedar creek :

Lieutenant Leahey, one headquarters medical wagon;
Sergeants Tiffany and Highland, two pieces of artillery and
twenty prisoners j Harvey Ricknrt, one piece of artillery ; P.
J. Geraty, seven prisoners and one wagon ; Sergeant W. H.
Norcott, one caisson and six prisoners ; Corporal J. Farrell,
one gun and limber and six horses ; Sergeant John Tluckley,

'..i}?r/'^"|

"3^3

L«S*/w'«i>«'^ ".'^

'A^J^SSSit'i

Fifth Nkw York Cavaliiy.

296

Ist Sergeant, Ihy
• Q- 0., Movembtr

l»t Sergeant, No-
uary IGth, 1865,
It Sergeant, Janu-

c city, Ijr CapUin
i«e of the United
[sland, N. Y., by
raiae during the
ispatchea at niplit
Pope to General

od and captured,
iped, saving big
om of one of his
mes to take big
io, but he plead
He was capture d
fon, Greensbori)',
inea.
r the company,

ncdical wagon; >
of artillery and
oof artillery; P.
Sergeant W. H.
•oral J. Farrell,
; John Tluokley,

one gun and six horHCH ; tlio same by James Pc-ry, who waa
accidentally and mortally wounded, February 27 tb, 18»ift.

John Stein was four times captured, and died in prison.

Original number of men, 76; whole number, 188; men
l(illod in action, 7; mortally wounded, 2; wounded, 28;
number of wounds, 29; men captured, 48; missed in action
and never heard from, 2 ; died in Rebel prisons, 9 ; died of
disease, 6; killed acoidenUiUy, 8 ; veterans, 22 ; veterans re-
maining, July 19th, 1865, 14; whole number of men re-
maining, 00.

Original horses remaining, 1.

Company D.
Officers.

Thomas Coyle, Captain, August 2l8t, 1861. Died of dis-
ease, November 24th, 1861.

Amos H. White, Ist Lieutenant, September 21st, 1861.
Captain, December 9th, 1861. Major, January 30th, 1863
Lieutenant Colonel, September 15th, 1864. Colonel, No-
ember, 14th, 1864.

Seth B. Ryder, 2d Lieutenant, September 29th, 1861.

- Ist Lieutenant, June 11th, 1862. Captain, January 30th,

1863. Captured, October 10th, 1868, and a prisoner till

March, 1865. Discharged, Expiration of Term, May 15th,

1886.

George H. Nichols, Ist Lieutenant. March, 1862. Re-
signed, June 11th, 1862.

William Watson, 1st Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant,
February 13th, 1863. Left by Special Order, July 27th, 1863.

Edward J. McArdlo, 2d Lieutenant, February 2d, 1863.
Kesigned, June Ist, 1863.

¥:i;

Ss»s?;---i

[Isb-^.-' *'

^s:

294

Historic Recouds.

Henry J. Appleby, 2d Lieutenant from Q. M. Sergeant
June Ist, 1863. let Lieutenant, July 27th 1863. Di^
charged. Expiration of Term, September, 1864.

Charles H. Greenleaf, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant,
July 27th, 1863. Mortally wounded, August 25th, 1864.
Died next day.

Ilansom A. Perkins, 2d Lieutenant from Commissar;
Sergeant, September 15th, 1864. Ist Lieutenant, Novem-
ber 14th, 1864.

Jeremiah J. Callanan, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant,
November 14th, 1865.

This company was formed by Captain Coyle, of men en-
listed in the states o' ..ilaBsachusetts and Conueotiout, and vos
mustered into the senrise of the United States, October Ist,
1861, at Staten Istand, N. Y., by Col. D. B. Sacket, U.
S. Army.

With company B, it performed the peculiar work attached
to a battery, from June to October, 1862.

Sergeant C H. Groenleaf, May 23d, 1862, carried dis-
patches from Front Boyal to G3n. Banks at Strasburg.i
By bravery and skill, he gave timely notice of Stonewall
Jackson's flank movement, whereby he saved Gen. Banks'
army, which led the general to recommend him for promotion
He was mortally wounded in action, while in command of
company A, fighting bravely.

H. A. Smith received four sabre cuts, May 2Sd, 1862,
and was captured. Wounded again and captured, Jtfne
23d, 1864, at Nottoway Court House.

Corp. John Walsh, October 19th, 1864, at C^^^-ar creek.

> See liis letter, page 31.

•-•.■*li«.'ft

Fifth New Yobk Cavalry.

295

>m Q. M. Sergeant
r 27tli 1863. Du.
, 1864.

from 1st Sergeant,
Vuguflt 26th, 1864.

from Commissary
■lioutenant, Noveni-

at from Sergeant,

Coyle, of men en-
)nnecticut, andwas
States, October 1st,
D. B. Sacket, U.

iliar work attached

1862, carried dis-
ks at Strasbnrg.i
otice of Stonewall
aved Gen. Banks'
iim for promotion
e in ooiumand of

May 23d, 1862,
i captured, JlAie

, at C^''.ar creek,

recaptured the colors of the 15th New Jersey Vols., for
which he received the " Medal of Honor," awarded by
Congress.

Original number of men, 82 ; whole number, 161 ; men
liilled in action, 3 ; mortally wounded, 1 ; wounded, 23 ;
lumber of wounds, 27 ; men captured, 59 ; missed in action
auil never heard from, 3 j died in Rebel prisons, 10 ; died
of disease, 7 ; killed accidentally, 1 ; discharged by reason
of wounds, 1 ; veterans, 16 ; veterans remaining July 19th,
1!<65, 15 ; whole number of men remaining, 45.

Company E.
Officert.
Willium P. Pratt, Captain, August 15th, 1861. Major,
July Ist, 1862. Resigned, January 80th, 1863.

Alfred W. Creamer, 1st Lieutenant, September 17th,
1861. Captain Company B, May 2d, 1862.
William H. Williams, 2d Lieutenant, November 7th,

1861. 1st Lieutenant, May 2d, 1862. Captain, May 28th,

1862. Resigned, February 7th, 1863.

William P. Dye, 2d Lieutenant froifi 1st Sergeant, May
2d, 1862. 1st Lieutenant, May 28th, 1862. Captain,
. February 7th, 1863. Resigned, September 3d, 1864.

Daniel B. Merriman, 2d Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant,
May 28th, 1862. 1st Lieutenant, February 7th, 1863
Discharged for physical disabillity, March 29th, 1864.

Liberty C Abbott, 2d Lieutenant from Q. M. Sergeant,
June 30th, 1863. Ist Lieutenant, March 29th, 1864.
Captain, November 14th, 1864. Major, May 2d, 1865.

Foster Dickinson, 2d Lieutenant from let Sergeant, May
21st, 1864. Ist Lieutenant, November 14th, 1864. Cap-
tain, June 1st, 1865.

8«a

296

Historic Records.

fill

Matthew Strait, 2d Lieutenant from Corporal, November
14tb, 1864. Ist Lieutenant, June Ist, 1865.

Addison S. Thompson, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant,
June Ist, 1865.

Major Davidson raised this company in Allegany county,
N. Y., and it was mustered into the service of the United
States, August 3 Ist, 1861, at New York city, by Capt&ia
S. B. Hayman, U. S. Army.

Asahel A. Spencer was the first man of the regimen',,
killed in action, May 6th, 1862, Harrisonburg.

The company has lost two 1st Sergeants, killed in action,
£. S. Dye and S. W. Sortore, and their commissions of
2d Lieutenants reached the regiment just after their deaths.

John Lciser deserted irom the Rebel army and joined
this company. He was a true and brave soldier. (See
Table — Men who died in Rebel Prisons.)

Henry W. Monroe, June 30th, 1863, at Hanover, Pa., re-
ceived a gunshot wound through his body, so that stones of
cherries he had eaten that morning passed through the
wound. He got welk

Corporal Charles A. Miner, October 9th, 1864, Tom's
Brook, while pursuing the enemy, emerged from a piece of
woods, in sight of eight Rebels. He cried out " Come on
boys 1" looking back as though he were leading a company
of men. Without firing a shot the Rebels fled, leaving a
wagon loaded with hay, and six mules. He was killed by
the falling of the walls of Union Hotel, Winchester,
December 16th, 1864.

Major L. C. Abbott, October 9th, 1864, captured six pri-
soners, by making a sabre charge upon thorn.

Lieutenant M. Strait, September lOtb, 1864, had a button

SW^!im^;«lii!lJffl';R«.'i!A^*Jk4)IWSvii>l»'i*Aa:-

Fifth New York Cavalry.

297

Jorporal, November

865.

from 1st Sergeant,

1 Allogany county,

'ice of the United

city, by Captain

of the regimentj
burg.

8, killed in action,
r oommissions of
after their deaths.

army and joined
ive soldier. (See

Hanover, Pa., re-
, so that stones of
ised through the

Jth, 1864, Tom's
1 from a piece of
id out " Come on
nding a company
Is fled, leaving a
le was killed by
tel, Winchester,

captured six pri-

'64, had a button

of his poat driven into his left hand, by a bullet. Ho
fought bravely, October 9th, 1864, capturing General
Kosser's headquarters wagon, and securing the general's
private saddle. October 19th, he captured a brass battery
of six guns.

S. K. Ford joined the company, August, 1861, but dis-
played no soldierly qualities until October 9th, 1864. He
then captured five prisoners, and October 19th ho fought
desperately, eliciting general admiration, but was stiverely
wounded through the right lung.

Lieutenant A. 8. Thompson, October 6th, 1864, Brock's
Gap, had his horse killed under him and was surrounded by
the enemy. He managed to secrete himself in bushes until
night, though so near the Bebels as to hear them converse,
and escaped through their picket line, under cover of the
darkness. He has had three horses killed under him. Ser-
geant S. T. Uptegrove, October 6th, 1864, was captured,
stripped of all his clothing, and only old rags replaced, and
almost starved. He escaped from Rebels daring the fight at
Tom's Srook, October 9th.

David F. Woloott was promoted to Saddler Sergeant, for his
fidelity as a soldier ind a man.

L. C. Smith had three horses killed under him in action.

Original number of men, 94; whole number, 169; men
killed in action, 5; mortally wounded, 2; wounded, 27;
number of wounds, 39 ; men captured, 41 ; died in Uebcl
prisons, 7 ; died of disease, 7 ; killed accidentally, 2 ; dis-
charged by reason of wounds. 1 ; veterans, 36 ; veterans
remaining July 19th, 1865, 31 ; whole number of men re-
maining, 60.

Original horses remaining, 1. •

. ^>.<^3f^-*^

298

HisTOBic Records.

Company F.
Officers.
Washington Wheeler, Captain, August 80th, 1861.
Major, July Ist, 1862. Besigned, September 26th, 1862.
Levi Curtis, 1st Lieutenant, August 80th, 1861. Cap-
tain, July Ist, 1862. Resigned, January 22, 1883.

William D. Lucaa, 2d Lieutenant, August 30th, 1861.
1st Lieutenant, July 1, 1862. Captain, January 22, 1863.
£dward D. Tolles, 2d Lieutenant from Commissary Ser-
geant, July Ist, 1868. Ist Lieutenant, July 22d, 1863.
Resigned, October 29th, 1863.

William B. Pickett, 2d Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant,
January 22d, 1863. Ist Lieutenant, October 80th, 1863.
Discharged, Expiration of Term, October 15th, 1864.

Walter C. Smith, 2d Lieutenant from private, October
80th, 1863. Discharged, Expiration of Term, October 16th,
1864.

Merritt N. Chafey, Ist Lieutenant from Regimental Com-
missary Sergeant, November 14th, 1864.

John K. Jeffrey, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, No-
vember 14th, 1864.

This company was organized in Wyoming county, N. Y.,
by Captain Wheeler, and was mustered into the service of the
United States, September 2l8t, 1861, at New York city, by
Captain S. B. Hayman, U. S. Army.

George H. Jenkins May 30th, 1863, shot an English
officer, who was working a Rebel howitzer. (See account c"
that engagement, page 69).

Q. M. Sergeant D. J. McMillan has been six times
wounded, receiving three sabre cuts, June 30th, 1863, and

t^»m'''V;i'i!gstMmii^:>-sim.i^<!^iiiiMim^^

Fifth New Yokk Cavalry.

299

ist 80th, 1861.
aber 26th, 1862.
th, 1861. Cap.
12, 1888.
;u8t 30th, 1861.
inuary 22, 1863.
lommissarj Ser-
luly 22d, 1863.

a Ist Sergeant,
ber 80th, 1863.
5th, 1864.
)rivate, October
1, October 16th,

Regimental Com-

t Sergeant, No-

; county, N. Y.,
le service of the
n York city, by

lot an English
(See account c'

been six times
tOth, 1863, and

thretf gunshot wounds afterward, one through the left
lung, October 19th, 1863.

Eugene Pratt received eight wounds in one engagement,
March 11th, 1864, from the musket of a guerrilla, three
Diusket balls and five buck shot.

William H. Nieman, captured, October 19th, 1863, was
not released till April 28th, 1865.

Original number of men, 92 ; whole number, 189 ; men
killed in action, 5 ; mortally wounded, 4 ; wounded, 23 ;
number of wounds, 84 ; men captured, 48 ; missed in action
and never heard from, 2; died in Rebel prisons, 10; died
uf disease, 6 ; killed accidentally, 8 ; discharged by reason
of wounds, 4 ; veterans, 9 ; veterans remaining July 19th,
1865, 8 ; whole number of men remaining, 66,

COMPANT 0.
Officers

Abram H. Krom, Captain, August 1st, 1861. Wounded
twice. May 8d, 1863. Major, December 5th, i868. Dis-
charged, Expiration '^f 7erm, October 21st, 1864.

Wallace M. Boyer. Ist Lieutenant, August 30th, 1861.
, Resigned, July Ist, 1862.

Eugene B. Gere, 2d Lieutenant, Augt'.st 27th, 1861.
Lieutenant, July 1st, 18(^2. Wrjnded, August 2d,
1862. B«8igned, Novembci 19th, 1862.

Abram H. Hasbrouck, 2d Lieutenant, September 20th,
1862. Captain, company B, January 12th, 1863.

James Bryant, Ist Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant, Novem-
ber 19th, 1862. Captain, December 5th, 1883. Captured,
May 18th, 1864. Discharged, Expiration of Term, Janu-
ary 18th, 186fit

t ^

IfK

800

Historic Records.

Philip Krohn, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, Jannary
12th, 1863. Ist Lieutenant, December 6th, 1863. Dis-
charged, Expiration of Term, May 15th, 1865. Three
times captured, July 17th, 1862; August 10th, 1863;
June 1st, 1864.

John H. Wright, 2d Lieutenant from let Sergeant,
March 29th, 1864. Captain, Jan\ary 12th, 1865.

William H. Knight, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, Janu-
ary 12th, 1865. Ist Lieutenant, ^ une 1st, 1865.

Abijah Spafford, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, June
Ist, 1865.

Captain Krom enlisted this company in Tioga county,
N. Y. It was mustered into the service of United States,
September 30th, 1861, Staten Island, N. Y., by Captain
' Lyon Isaacs.

John Mooney had five horses killed under him in action,
during campaign of 1864, yet was not wounded nor hurt
himself.

Sergeant Charles A. Phelps has been employed in the
secret service, as scout, by Generals Stahei, Kilpatiick,
Pleasanton and Meade.

Sergeant N. W. Barnum, at the battle of Five Forks,
bore General Sheridan's flag, which wau pierced by two
bullets, and the standard grazed.

Oscar E. Farnham, captured, June 27th, 1864, made
his escape by jumping from cars, while moving at the rate
of twenty miles an hour, between Augusta, Ga., and Savan-
nah. He wa£ thirty-four days in reaching General Sher-
man's army, assisted by negroes, on his way.

P. H. White and R, Dinehart, October 9th, 1864, cap-
tured one piece of artillery.

>B^iwii,imi II iiiiiuimn,iiiiimiMijiiJMi'Hii'i!t-WgifW»ir-"w.iiiinM.

'igesa

Fifth New York Cavalry.

801

Sergeant, January
r6th, 1863. Dig-
th, 1865. Three
iguat 10th, 1863;

rom lat Sergeant,

Ith, 1865.

im Sergeant, Jauu-

3t, 1865.

Ist Sergeant, June

in Tioga county,
s of United States,
N. Y., by Captain

ider him in action,
wounded nor hurt

n employed in tbe
Jtahel, Kilpattick,

le of Five Fori^s,
uj pierced by two

27th, 1864, made

uoving at the rate

a, Ga., and Savan-

ing General Sher-

ay.

r 9th, 1864, cap-

8. Lynch, October 19th, 1864, captured one piece of
artillery.

John Evans, March 7th, 1865, had a ball pass through a
pack of cards and several plugs of tobacco, lodging against
the skin opposite his heart.

Sergeant B, G. Wilmot was captured, rejoined the regi-
ment, and was captured again the same day, May 17th, 1864.

Original number of men, 95; whole number, 155; men
killed in action, 6; wounded, 22; number of wounds, 82 ;
men captured, 48 ; missed in action and never heard from,
2 ; died in Rebel prisons, 9 ; died of disease, 7 ; discharged
by reason of wounds, 2 ; veterans, 27 ; veterans remaining
July 19th, 1865, 25 ; whole number of men remaining, 56.

Company H. •

Offijctrt.

John Hammond, Captain, September 14th, 1861. Major,
September 26th, 1862. Lieutenant Colonel, March 24th,
1864. Colonel, July 3d, 1864. Discharged, Expiration of
Term, September 3d, 1864. Fore-finger of his right hand
broken by a pistol ball, September 13th, 1863 ; Leg bone
jost above right ankle cracked by a Mini6 ball, June Ist,
18G4, at Ashland.

Jonas A. Benedict, 1st Lieutenant, October 22d, 1861.
Died from amputation of right arm, resulting from the bite
of a man on thumb, December 11th, 1861.

James A. Penfield, 2d Lieutenant, October 22d, 1861.
1st Lieutenant, December 11th, 1861. Captain, September
2Gth, 1862. Wounded by sabre cut in head, and captured,
July 6th, 1863. In prison till March, 1865. Commis-
sioned Major, March 29th, 1864. Resigned, May 2d, 1865.

John G. Viall, 2d Lieutenant, December 11th, 1861. Ist

802

Historic Records.

Captain,

Company M, ■

I 1

Lieutenant, September 26th, 1862.
April 2d, 1864.

Elmer J. Barker, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, Septem-
ber 26th, 1862. Ist Lieutenant, November 6th, 1868. Cap-
tain, March 29th, 1864. Major, November 14th, 1864.

Eugene B. Hayward, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant,
November 6th, 1868. lat Lieutenant, March 29th, 1864.
Captain, November 14th, 1864.

Lucius F. Renne, Ist Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant, No-
vember 14th, 1864.

Clark M. Pease, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, No-
vember 14th, 1864.

This company was organized in Crown Point, Essex
county, N. Y.,by John Hammond, assisted by C. F. Ham-
mond, Esq., who furnished all the original horses for the
company to the number of one hundred and eight. It was
mustered into the United States service, October 18th,

1861, at New York city, by Captain Bankhead,U. S. Army.
It was detached from the regiment, to cooperate with in-
fantry in the Luray Valley, during the early part of May,

1862. While there it participated in several sprightly
skirmishes with the enemy.

Lieutenant E. J. Barker distinguished himself. May
80th, 1868, by leading a charge on one of Mosby's how-
itzers, where he fell wounded with two grape shot.

Abram Folger, June 30th, 1868, captured Lieut. Colonel
Payne, Rebel, in a tan vat, where the colonel had fallen.

Sergeant S. J. Mason, with nine men, guarded the neu-
tral ground between the two armies, where General Lee
surrendered his army to General Grant, April 9th, 1865,
at Appomattox Court House

*tmmMi^m^^^^m^^mw^^^MS&^^^^^m^!;^^^m^^

in, Company M,

argeant, Septem-
6th, 1868. Cap-
r 14th, 1864.
m Ist Sergeant,
aroh 29th, 1864.

St Sergeant, No-

st Sergeant, No-

n Point, Essex
I by C. F. Ham-
1 horses for the
d eight. It was
October 18th,
ittd, U. S. Army,
jperate with in-
rly part of May,
leveral sprightly

1 himself. May
if Mosby's how-
e shot.

d Lieut. Colonel
el had fallen,
uarded the neu-
re General Lee
^pril 9th, 1865,

Fifth Nkw Yokk Cavalry.

803

John P. Durno, 0. T. Cornell, D. H. Robbins, all en-
listed in this company at Winchester, Va., in the spring of
1862, and were all discharged at the same place, at expira-
tion of term of service, without ever having been wounded
or hurt, except that Robbins was a prisoner about five
months.

Original number of men, 106; whole number 198; men
killed in action, 6j mortally wounded, 2; wounded, 81;
number of wounds, 34 ; men captured, 65; missed in action
and never heard from, 2 ; died in Rebel prisons, 15 ; died
of disease, 12 ; killed accidentally, 2 ; discharged by reason
of wounds, 4 ; veterans, 28 ; veterans remaining, July 19th,
1865, 22 ; whole number of men remaining, 47.

Original horses remaining, 4.

COMPANT I.
Officers.
George A. Bennett, Captain, September, 1861. Be«
signed, June, 1862.

Edward C. Woodruflf, 1st Lieutenant, September, 1861.
Resigned, April 6th, 1862.

George C. Morton, 2d Lieutenant, September 3d, 1861
Ist Lieutenant, May 6th, 1862. Captain, June 2l8t, 1862.
Disouarged by Special Order 70 A. G. 0., February 12th,

1864.

William B. Cary, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, May 6th,
1862. 1st Lieutenant, June 21st, 1862. Captain, March
17th, 1864. Discharged, Expiration of Term, October
23d, 1864.

Eugene Sullivan, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, June
2l8t, 1862. Left by General Orders No. 7 Army of Poto-
mac, March 24th, 1864.

•„i^ '. j~^— -■-- -1 j^'.-spi,^ 'I ,-•"■' -^

fe'

304

Historic Rkcords.

Robert Black, Ist Lieutenant from 2d Lieutenant, com-
pany K, March 17th, 1864. Discharged by Special Order
No. 471 A. G. O., December 28th, 1864.

Christopher Heron, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant,
March 29th, 1864. Ist Lieutenant, January 18th, 1865.

William H. Conklin, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant,
January 13th, 1865.

£dmOnd Blunt, Jr., Captain from Captain company M,
June, 1865.

This company was formed by Captain Bennett of men
enlisted in New York city, Orange county, N. Y., and in
Plainfield, N. J. It was mustered into the service of the
United States, September 27th, 1864, at Staten Island, N.
Y., by Captain L. S. Lamed. It was the escort of General
Heintcelman, then in command of Defenses of Washington,
from August 27th, 1862, to September 1st, 1863. A por-
tion of the company was in the advance with the lamented
Colonel Dahlgren, on General ' Kilpatriok's raid to Bioh-
mond, March, 1864. (See account, page 94).

Bugler Conrad Bohrer, August 2d, 1862, saved the life
of Colonel DeForest, who was beset by a dozen Rebels.
But Bohrer's horse being shot, he fell, and an enemy thrust
him through the body with a sabre. The enemy, being
finally beaten and driven, the body of this dauntless bugler
was recovered and honored with a military burial, where
he fell.

Robert Campbell, October 20th, 1864, captured fourteen
prisoners in a squad near Cedar creek.

Lewis H. Crandall was poisoned, October, 1864, at Hani-
vonburg, dying soon after.

Original number of men, 90; whole number, 190;

-gwi-Btif^ r'/^fW?;-,'

»:'«iteMSMfe#5fe«fcs*g#Sfea&^agg^P^S^^

FiFTu New York Cavalky.

806

leutenant, com-
^ Special Order

I Ist Sergeant,
^ 18th, 1805.
n Ist Sergeant,

lin :^oinpany M,

iennett of men
N. Y., and in
service of the
taten Island, N.
cort of General
of Washington,
, 1863. A por-
;h the lamented
s raid to Bioh-

S, saved the life
I dozen Rebels,
in enemy thrust
) enemy, being
launtless bugler
ty burial, where

ptured fourteen

1864, at Harri-

number, 190;

men killed in action, 8 ; wounded, 6 ; number of wounds, 8 ;
men captured, 20; died in Rebel prisons, 10; died of dis-
ease, 10; discharged by reason of wounds, 2; veterans, 8;
veterans remaining, July 19th, 1865, 3; whole number of
men remaining, 57.

Company K.
Officert.
William P. Hallett, Captain, October 1st, 1861. Re-
signed, December 16th, 1862.

Zolman J. McMaaters, Ist Lieutenant, October 9th, 1861.
Captain, December 16th, 1862. Died of dUease, September

24th, 1863.

Laurence L. O'Connor, 2d Lieutenant, October 16th,
1861. 1st Lieutenant, December 9th, 1862. Resigned,
August 16th, 1863. Captain, March 5th, 1864.

Henry A. D. Merritt, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, com-
pany L, December 9th, 1862. 1st Lieutenant, August 16th,
1863. Captain, November 14th, 1864. Mojor, November

14th, 1864.

Robert Black, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, September
1868. 1st Lieutenant, company I, March 17th, 1864.

William H. Whitcomb, 2d Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant,
company M, May 2l8t, 1864. Ist Lieutenant, company L,
November 14th, 1864.

Thomas O'Keefe, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, No-
vember 14th, 1864. Ist Lieutenant, June Ist, 1865.

Nathaniel M. Talmage, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant,
June 1st, 1865.

Captain Hallett organized this company in New York
city, and it was mustered into the United States service,

\^t .1

..'■■>S*KIPMJJSB'»

806

lIisTuiiiu Ukcurus.

September 27th, 1801, at Staten iHland, N. Y., by Captain
L. 8. liurned. It waa liotailod a« Body Uuard for Qon^ral
HeiDtzelman, August 27th, 1862, until kSepteniber l:;!th,
1802, and ait escort for General Euiory, oouiuianding 10th
Army Corps, September, 1804, and continued with the
general until April, 1805.

Lieiitouant H. A. D. Mcrritt, in command of part of this
company, and of company I, distinguished himself with Col-
onel DahJgron, by whoso side he rode, witen the Colonel
was killed, on Kilpatrick's raid to Richmond, March, 1804.
(See his narrative of the raid, page 94).

Sergeant D. 11. Scofield, October 19th, 18G4, captured the
colors of the 12th Virginia Infantry, for which labor he re-
.ceived from the Secretary of War, the " medal of honor,"
awarded by Congress.

Mit'hael Ke::ney has driven a team of six mules since
the organization of the regiment, and retains four of the
original animals.

Original number of men, 104 ; whole number, 164 ; men
killed in action, 2 ; mortally wounded, 1 ; wounded, 8 ;
number of wounds, 13 ; men captured, 81 ; missed in action
and never heard from, 2 ; died in Rebel prisons, 11 ; died of
disease, 5; killed accidentally, 1; discharged by reason of
wounds, 1 ; veterans, 17 ; veterans remaining, July 19th,
1805, 9 ; whole number of men remaining, 60.

Company L.
Officert.
Charles Arthur, Captain, September 27th, 1861. Left
by Special Order, October 24th, 1802.

Charles C. Suydam, Ist Lieutenant, September 27th,
1801. Resigned, May 0th, 1802.

aaj.jto;

i. y., by Onptain
luard for Oerferal
iSepteniber I2th,
ouiuianding lOth
itinued with the

id of part of this
himself with Col-
hen the ColoDel
od, March, 1864.

8G4, captured the
rhich labor he re-
medal of honor,"

' six mules since
4iiDs four of the

amber, 164 ; men
Ij wounded, 8;
; missed in action
sons, 11; died of
;ed by reason of
ining, July 19th,
, 60.

'th, 1861. Left
September 27th,

Fifth New York Cavalry.

Augustus Barker, 2d Lieutenant, September 27th, 1861.
]8t Lieutenant, May 6th, 1862. Captain, October 24th,
mi. Captured by Mobby, March 9th, 1863, at Fairfax
Court House. Killed by guerrillas, at Kelly's Ford, Sep-
tember 14th, 1863.

Frank A. Monson, Ist Lieutenant, October 24th, 1862.
CapUin, September 14th, 1868. Wounded in arm, May
3d, 1863, at Warrenton Junction. Resigned, July 12th, 1864.
Albert B. Waugh, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, October
24di, 1862. Ist Lieutenant, September 14th, 1863. Dis-
charged, Expiration of Term, October 28d, 1864.
George C. Morton, Captain, July 19th, 1864.
William H. Whitcomb, 1st Lieutenant from 2d Lieutenant
Company K, November 14th, 1864.

Peter McMullen, 2d Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant, No-
vember 14th, 1864.

The original men of this company were mostly from New
York city. Captain Arthur organized the company, and it
was mustered into the United States service, September
27th, 1861, at Staten Island, N. Y., by Captain L. S.
Lamed. It has been in all the engagements of the regi-
ment. It was detailed, with companies I and K, as Body
Guard for Qeneral Heintzelman, August 27th, 1862, report-
ing to the regiment again, with company K, September
13th, 1862.

John McEwan, on picket near the Rebel lines, accompa-
nied and directed General Lee to the house where he held
his first interview with General Grant, and surrendered his
army.

Original number of men, 79 ; whole number, 164 ; men
killed in action, 4 ; mortally wounded, 1 } wounded, 9 ;

A .^^ n

I'isSIl'

jti»-

i4''i%^S^^M(L^^><rM'^i^-ierti^>J'^m'^^^ •^■**' *

■&^'»

ifffi'iJSU

308

Historic IIecokds.

•>it

number of wouuds, 12; E:en captured, 39; missed in action
and never heard from, 1 ; died in Rebel prisons, 10 ; died
of disease, 12; discharged by reason of wounds, 2 ; vete-
rans, 12 ; veterans remaining, July 18th, 1865, 10 ; vhole
number of men remaining, 44.

Company M.
Ojffirera.

James P. Foster, Captain, October 1st, 1861. Resigned,
August 28th, 1862.

Samuel Ten ^loeuk, 7st Lieutenant, October Ist, 1861.
Captain, August 28th, 18G2. Died of disease, July 4th,
1863.

George S. Clough, 2d Lieutenant, October Ist, 1861.
Resigned, May 6th, 1862.

Eugene D. Dimmiok, 2d Lieutenant from 1st Ser^'eaot,
May 9th, 1862. Ist Lieutenant, August 28tb, 1862. Cap-
tain, July 4th, 1863. Wounded in right hand, July 6th,
1863. Discharged by reason of wound, November 6th, 1863.

Edmund Blunt, Jr., 2d Lieutenant, September 26th,
1862. Ist Lieutenant, July 4th, 1863. Captain, Novem-
ber 14th, 1864. Transferred to company I, June, 1865.

Wilbur F. Oakley, 2d Lieutenant from Isi Sergeant,
July 4th, 1863. let Lieutenant, November 14th, 1864.
Captain, January 12th, 1865.

John Q. Yiall, Captain from 1st Lieutenant company H,
April 2d, 1864. Appointed Assistant Quartermaster of
Volunteers, June 18tL, 1864.

William G. Peckham, Ist Lieutenant from Sergeant
company E, January 12th, 1865.

This company was raised by Captain Foster in New York

. ;S!.:.'-.J.fc-ii

nant company H,
Quartermaster of

i from Sergeant

ter in New York

Fifth Nkw York Cavaluy.

309

> J missed in action
1 prisons, 10; died
■ wounds, 2 ; vete-
i, 1865, 10; whole

1861. Resigned,

October 1st, 1861.
disease, July 4th,

cfcobor Ist, 1861.

Tom Ist Serj'eant,
J8th,1862. Cap.
t hand, July 6th,
vomber 6th, 1863.
September 26th,
Captain, Novem-
I, June, 1865.
m Isi Sergeant,
aber 14th, 1864.

city, and in the counties of Greene and Columbia, and it
wag mustered into the service of the United States, October
;]lst, 1861, at Staten Island, N. Y., by Captain A. H.
Krom. It was escort for General Banks, from August
28th, 1862, till September 2l8t, 1862, when it reported to
ihe regiment.

E. B. Warner had five horses killed under him in action,
in one day, September 19th, 1864, at Winchester. He
was not hurt himself

Sergeant W. H. Whitcomb had two horses killed under
him in action, and six mortally wounded

Original number of men, 86; whole n-.mber, 186; men
killed in action, 2; mortally wounded, 2; wounded, 11;
number of wounds, 14 ; men captured, 26 ; died in Rebel
prisons, 7 ; died of disease, 9; killed accidentally, 3; vete-
rans, 13 ; veterans remaining, July 19th, 1865, 10 ; whole
number of men remaining, 77.

^s^^^^-^

^^^0^^

isi

iSfc'

CHAiTEi; 'VHI.

Complete Roster of the Regiment ; each company giren alpha-
be. "cally.

T»ie following abbrevlatlonB are need :— Veterans, by small capitaw ; Priioii-
or» of War, by the letter a ; Died of disease, by the letter « ; Killed accidentally,
by the letter e ; Missed in action and never heard from, by the letter d ; Num-
oer of woimds received in action, by the ngnres 1, 8, 8, Ac.

Allen, Solomon,
AUIaou, John,
Avery, Sdward,
Bolt, James V., 1.
Brandt, Qeorge,
Babby, Justin, a
Bemhardl, Fred. W., a
Burke, Tbomae,
Beanmont, John, a
Bond, James H.,
Br", Joseph,
Barwick, Thomas,
Branch, Kuthvin L.,
Brown, Amos, 3.
Boyd, William T., a
Boioi, Tbko. a., 6. a
Bates, Qeorge, a
Bradford, Landon,
Backman, Augustua
Brlttell, Erwln,
Bradley, Peter,
Bibbins, John E.,
Bums, Michael,

Company A.*

Boutelle, Frazer A.,
Calvin, Uenry,
Cavanangh, Jamea,
Cbadwick. William,
Crowley, James,
Catlik, John, a
Clark, WiUlam. 1
Coon, Samuel C,
Crandall, Charles A.,
CbafTeo, Alpheus, b
Ctuidwick, Francis B,,
Clooney, John J., 1.
Cooper, Edward,
Clinton, Robert,
Donohne, Patrick,
Donohuo, James,
Duncan, Alexander,
Dougherty, Charles,
Day, Edgar, 6
Douglass, John,
Eldridge, Thomas,
Fl«mmlugs, David,
Fiagg, Hubert,

Freeman, Winiam,
Farley, James, a
Goodwin, Rollln C, a
Qallagher, James H., 1.
Ulodell, John,
Oolng, James, a
Gillefcple, Patrick,
G< ' 'a-"' niiarles, a
'. "i , KJiimrd,
>' ->' '■ ;: JaJdn J.,
. ^ tre >rge A,
H.. .,,.•- Jr- -■!•,
Hall, >> , .ninF., a
Hare, Oomci us,
Hacket, Uri,
Hay, Asa,

Hatks, Hicbacl, 1. a
Hennessey, William,
Hathaway, Cl-acies A.,
Holloway, William R,
Hanberry, John,
Haesett, William,
Hallenbeck, 'I'unis,

' This Company had In all la? Men.

.' ?>^;=4;^^^5

SS&iiiE'S*-;,

.v.i,rt',»^S*i!*S-- », .(atitei^w*.-Sl'i|

Fifth New Yoek Cavalky.

311

ompany giTen alpha-

f small CAPiTAu ; Pri»oii-
er b ; Killed accidentally,
n, by the letter d ; Niuii-
8, &c.

Froeman, Winiam,
^rley, Jamea, a
Goodwin, Rollln C, a
Gallagher, Jamea H., 1.
[ilodell, John,
QolDg, James, a
Gillekpte, Patrick,
QoVv'v niiarlei,a
; -t)'^. t.jhirard,
A- X ■■ i, :AJdn J.,
. ^ George A.,
bt. ... Jr .)',
Hall, ij , -.iilii F., a
Bare, Oornci. us,
Backet, Vri,
Hay, Aaa,

flATSS, HlCBACL, 1. 0

tlenneseey, William,
flathaway, Cl-aries A.,
Holloway, William R,
Hanberry, John,
Hassett, William,
HalleDbeck, 'I'nnis,

Haut, Patbiok, a

IlKKKICK, WlIXlAM, 1.

Ililnfler, Henry,
lleilcr, John, a
llcipklna. Merlin J., a

llDDaKINfl, JOUN,

llu|>kiu», William H.,
l»dell, John B.,
Inuulla. Robert,
irwin, Robert,
JoueB, Auaon, 1.
Joues, Luther W.,
Jonen, JnlluB,
Johnston, Robert, a
Jeuks, George K., 1.
Kennpy, Thomas 8.,
Kelley, John,
Lamport, John H., a
Leary, Daniel,
Leddy, Bernard,
Lively, William H.,
Lougeway, Antolue, a
Lord, William B.,
Uppan, William H.,
MnKRAT, WujjAJi, a
Halley, John, a
HcGkabt, Babtlit,
Michaels, Charles A., b
Marron, John, 6
McCarron, WUUam J.,
Moon, John,

HcOlTEBiJI, Tboxai, a
MAauiHK, Cbab. a., 3,
HcKcon, Arthur,
McNere, Patrick, 1. a
Martin, Danixl, a
McDonald, Jeb., S. a
Mkrbux, Cuaoiccbt,

Mailer, Charles,
Morehouse, Edward A.,
Merrill, Henry,
Morgan, William,

MOROAM, OBABLBS,

Milspaugh, WilUam,
Mohan, James,
McCauley, Robert, o
McCormick, Michael, a
McCormack, William,
McDermott, Thomas,
Mnrphy, WUUam,
Nell, Arthur, 1. a
Normati, Merritt,
Nealo J, Patrick, a

O'SUAUOUMKSST, PaT.,

O'DoNNiLL, Patbiok,
O'Connor, Thomas, a
O'Farreil, James,
O'Flahbbtt, DiNKiB, a
O'Brien, John,
O'Counell, James,
Otis, Henry,
Feck, Jeremiah,
Pierson, William H.,
Pulcipher. William P.,
Pbtebson, John,
PhlilipB, Christopher, d
Pierre, Frangols,
Plunkett, Robert,
Peet, Edward D., 6
Rickey, James,
Ritchie, Thomas, t.
Bodgem, William,
Romaine, Constantine,
Ryan, Peter,
Reed, Alexander E.,
Ryan, Thomas,

Ryner, John,
Stickney, Moses,
Bimmonds, Chas. F., d
Bchreldner, George,
Sinclair, Donald,
Bmlth, Charles A.,

SOBNCIDCB, CBARLIS,

Stevenson, John Q.,
SulUran, John,
Satherland, Charles,
Sinclair, Robert,
Smith, David,
Salter, Alexander,
Spargl, Francis,
Taylor, William, a
Taylor, Alexander,
Thompson, James,
Tripp, John,
Tappan, WUUam H.,
Terbosh, Laancelot B.
Tyrrell, Beth, d
Tv'ofi Abel T.,
Van Kirk, Thomas W.,
Van W«rt, Jas. C, b
Vun Osdale, Lewis, a
Williamson, George,
Wandell, Andrew, a
Wetmore, Dennis,
Wales, Selden O.,
Wilbur, George F., a
Wtnn, Jamss, 1. a
Walksb, Gkobor,
WInchell, James N.,
Wilson, John,
Whitiiobb, Albx.,
Woods, WUUam,
Woods, John,
Zimmerman, Baldwin,

•i^m'

(.««'•■■'

Pi'

m
m

I
I

mi-

I
p

812

Historic Records.

Avlst, Henry P.,
Alderdice, Wtlllam,
Abel, Fredrick, 1.
Billtngg, Cklvln,
Brown, William,
Brsdshaw, Giifit'R. W.,

BUTTEBWUBTH, TBOS.,

Beebv, Chaulbb,
Bont, Edwards., a
Bkadin, John, a
Brown, George,
Browm, Jomr,
Burnap, Tracy,
Balcom, Myron B.,
Burt, Bdmand, Jr.,
Barden, Oscar L.,
Bufnn);ton, Henry P.,
Bufflngtnn, Nathan H.,
Bonxcrlee, John,
Bradshaw, John,
BnrriUa, Francis,
Chambbbs, Jabiz, a
Cooney, William,
Crlddle, William, e
Col<>mBn, Mifihael,
ChrlHtlan, Robert, a
Chaffee, Hanson Q., 1.
Chaffee, Otis H.,
Chaffee, Edwin B., 1.
Cole, Orlando, 1.
Cole, Avery,
Corbin, Levi H.,
Cortes, William,
Cann, Edward, b
Cram, Henry,
ColOn, Oerman,
Curaher, Peter,
Carlos, Jotin,
Collins, Jeremiali,
Dyke, Jolin,

Company B-*

Dewey, Matthew,
Dillon, John,
Driscoll, James,
Denniston, Saml. H., 1.
Da 'enport, Keyes,
Doij^herty, William, a
Decker, Charles,
Day, Michael,
Duffcy, James,
Dana, Henry L.,
Dubois, John B., a
Depow, Job, 1.
Dncat, Joseph, Jr.
Dulrais, Henry,
Ellis, Charloa,
Eddy, Albert,
French, James,
Ford, William V., a
Fceney, Thomas,
Freeman, Hugh,
FeiyuBon, John H.,
Fowler, John A.,
Fero, Pet«r H., 1.
Ooggana, John,
Oabdklle, Obotmi, 1.
Gorton, Cornelius, a
Graham, Edward, 1.
Green, Jackson,
Green, John,
Hayes, Charles,'
Holler, Christian,
Hank, Edward,
Hogan, James,
Horr, John,

Hntchlns, Simeon, A., a
Hogle, Martin V.,
Hay, Wellington,
Hay, William,
Hannan, James,
Isaacs, David,

' This Company had in all 190 Men.

Jones, Joei,
Jelley, James, '

Kelley, James, a
King, Lonls,
Leech, Thomas S.,
Lamarsh, Peter,
Leno, Thomas,
Laren, John,
I«tonr, Joseph, a
Latonr. Solomon, Jr.,
lAthrop, Mervin, 1.
Lewis, Cyrus B.,
Lewis, James, 1. a
Lynch, John,
Lanney, Patrick H.,
Levy, Bernard, 1.
Lagnna, Migtiel,
Miles, SiUs, a
McChale, Michael,
McCormick, Robert,
McXalley, Edward,
McChale, James,
McCaw, John,
McHanns, John,
HcCarty, James,
Miller, Amos,
Morse, John L., a
MIIId, Francis,
Martin, Edward A., d
M4]or, Benjamin,
Mnrpliy, Daniel,
More, Adam,
Mowbray, William R,
Moran, William,
Manning, Mortimer F.,
Mahar, Robert,
Morriseey, John, «'
Newland, Frandi,
Northaway, Sraetns,
Neddo, John U

..«.,^»/..v

.•.^■..ai*»»*it-

roDea, Jmi,
Jelley, James, '

Selley, Jamei, a
Qng, Loaii,
^ch, Tbonuw S.,
iJtmsnsh, Peter,
[<eno, Tbomai,
Jiven, John,
Atonr, Joaeph, a
^toar. Solomon, Jr.,
Athrop, Hervin, 1.
.cwl», Cyrus B.,
.ewiii, James, 1. a
•ynch, John,
•anney, Patrick H.,
-evy, Bernard, 1.
a^na, Miguel,
[ties, Silas, a
luChale, Hlchael,
:cCormlck, Robert,
:cNalIey, Bdward,
cChale, James,
:cCaw, John,
icUanuB, John,
cCarty, James,
lller, Amos,
oree, John L., a
ttlf, Francis,
artin, Edward A., d
iioT, Benjamin,
urphy, Daniel,
ore, Adam,
owbray, William R,
oran, William,
annlng, Hortlmer F.,
fthar, Robert,
orrigeey, John, «'
iwland, Francis,
irthawsy, Erastns,
iddo, John B

;0*feSsfe'

Fifth New York Cavalry.

313

O'BlenIa, Charles,
O'Connell, Lewis,
O'Donnell, James,
O'Connell, James,
Page, WUlUm C, a
Putnam, Charles K.,
Pbici, Edward,
Pahlow, EBaMinB E.,
Perrt, Josbpr,
Place, Armstrong B.,
Pray, John H.,
(|uiun, Joseph,
Reeves, William P.,
Reed, John,
Reed, Gorman H.,
Rosenbrock, Joseph,
Kichnrds, Samuel,
Koacb, James M.,
Rlx, Silas A., a
Ranclman, John R., a
Richards, Thomas,
Richards, Herman, a
Rooney, John, a
Rooney, Michael,

Statlbt, Ch>s., S. a
Snyder, Edward,
Sheardown, J. M., 1. a
Smith, John S., 1.
Stewart, Charles,
. SAMPsoir, WuxiAM H., a
Surprise, Nelson, it
Scafe, Robert,
Smith, Amos B.,
Stafford, John, 1.
Scully, William,
Son, William H.,
Strong, Harvey J.,
Smith, George T.,
Smith, Edmund,
Seddlnger, James,
Schorry, Jacob,
Sauerwein, Alliert,
Shugare, Daniel, 1.
Tonnerhlll, James,
TiBRNBT, Patrick,
Updyke, John R.,
Ward, Edward,

Walsh, William,
Waghom, Jotm. 3. a
Whalen, James,
Wood, Oscar,
Wliklns, David, 1.
Welsh, Andrew,
Waggoner, George,
Walsh, Jaius,
Whaley, George T., b
Winch, Clark, 1.
Wilbur, WIUlB, 1. <5
Whipple, EliBha W.,
Whipple, Frank,
Wheeler, Ellas W.,
Williamson, William,
Whitaker, Aaron,
Walsh, James,
Wayne, William,
Walker, Charles H.,
Westerfield, Charles, 1.
West, William,
Young, John,
Young, WUllam, 1. d

,,%#-'f

,.:(!#!»»**'

314

Historic Kecords.

ANDBRtlON, ROBIST 8.,

AdHinH, JanieB,
BatcRoD, John,
BakeniAo, William H.,
Brothers, Charles, a
Blrtiell, Abner,
BillliigR, Calvlo,
Bureau, Joseph B., a
BUROEM, A. D., 1. a
BucKLxr, JORX, 1.
Brennan, William, 1.
Bogue, Fred S., a
Barry, ■William.
BIgelow, Ephralm, d
BIgclow, Henry, b
Beardsley, William P.,
Browu, Charleti,
Curtis, B. N.,
CovrKB, Hiciuni,
Clarke, James W.,
Cooklln, Oardner, 1, a
Crolghton, William,
Cooper, Louis,
Caldccott, Joseph,
Church, Charlea L., a
Campbell, Levi C,
Cavanangh, Joseph,
Caple, Elijah,
Clare, Simon,
Duvall, Robert H.,
Doty, George W.,
Douglass, Joseph,
Dailey, Anthony,
Doyle, Cornelius,
Doyle, James,
Drlscoll, John,
Donohue, Florence,
Dovoe, John,
Dudley, John,
Durand, Ferdinand,

Company C*

Doslletz, Fellr, 1.
Evans, Jok.j W., a
Flitchard, George,
FarroU, James,
Fuller, Perclval,
Fitch, Edward H., a
Falrchlld, Uenry,
Fbkntkr, Tuomas,
Ferris, Almon F.,
Finan, Patrick, a
Flnley, Martin, b
Graham, Robsbt W.,
Geratt, Phiup J.,
Gaffuey, Philip,
Greenwood, Wlllbun, 1.
Grugoire, Himla,
Gardner, John,
Haley, Michael,
Hnlley, MIchsel,
Ilodge, ('harles,
Ilogan, Philip,
Hickok, George C, 1. a

nARFKB, ROBKRT, 1,

Hogan, Patrick,

HoWABD, HlOHABL, a
QiailLAHD, Jamkb,
Hayes, Timothy, c
Haley, Michael,
Hurley, Daniel,
Holdrtdge, William,
HIckey, William,
Hand, Lanrence, a
Hill, Henry,
Hughes, Michael,
Harrington, Philip,
Johnson, Charles,
Jones, David,
Jones, William, a
Jeandro, Elijah,
Keefe, Edward,

King, Theodore,
KIstner, John, 1.
Ketchum, Charles, b
Kelley, William,
Kamahan, Patrick, a
Kenney, Patrick,
Leeney, George, a
LEAnrr, William, 1,
Leonard, Bartholomew,
IJncoln, Patrick ^, a
Lucas, Jobn C,
Lauray, George C,
Lncha, John, a
Lahne, Napoleon, a
Murphy, MIciiael, r
Meagher, John,
Martin, Edward,
Michaels, James, a
Morrell, Isaac,
Mornemeut, Mark D.,
Meade, Sylvester, S. a
Montgomery, Thomas, o
Manor, William, a
Miller, Rockwell D., d
Moore, Orlando, 1.
:.Iorau, Edward,
Mead, Edward, b
Mitchell, Thomas,
Mack, Michael,
Marshall, Miltoa C,
Mason, George,
McCormick, Willlaro,
McCoy, Alleu B.,
McComb, James, b
McKlssIck, David,
McCAin.ET, OWKN, 1. a
McNijLTT, Owen, 7. a
McGlade, Joseph,
McLane, John,
McDade, James, 1.

* This Company had In all 166 Men.

\.^t'^^tX-'--'^-:%^^Vl^^ ■ •■

Fifth New York Cavalky.

815

J, Theodore,
ner, John, 1.
chum, Charles, b
ej, WUIlam,
AH4if, Patiucx, a
ney, Patrick,
ley, George, a
DBT, WlIXIAV, 1,

lard, Bartholomew,
oin, Patrick Q., a

k», JOBN C,

ay, George C,
la, John, a
le. Napoleon, a
[ihy, Michael, r
gher, John,
TIN, Edward,
laels, Jame«, a
-ell, Isaac,
lemeut, Mark D.,
le, Sylvester, S. a
tgomery, Thomas, «
)r, William, a
tr. Bock well D., d
V, Orlando, 1.
u, Edward,
1, Edward, b
lell, Thomas,
:, Michael,
hall, MUtoii C,
>n, George,
jrmick, Willlaro,
>y, Alleu B.,
)mb, James, b
Issick, David,
LUI.ET, 0WI!N, 1. a
JLTT, OWBN, 7. d

ade, Joseph,
me, John,
kde, James, 1.

McNeamey, Charles,
HcOrath, William,
Norman, Adeodat,
Norman, Edward,

NOBTBTT, WlIXlAM H.,

Newton, Horace,
Nolan, Thomas,
oMcara, Daniel,
O'Connor, Timothy,
O'Connor, Patrick,
Owen, Leonard, Jr., a
P«i«e, Henry W.
I'erty, James, e
I'TRis, Uenrt, a
Qi'iNuiN, Patrick,
KIckcrts, John B.,
Rlckerti, Harvey H.,
Kensing, Bgnotc, 1.
litymer, Fredrick, a
Riches, James II.,
Ttoach, William.
Reynolds, Thomas,
Bock, John,

Riley, Martin, 1.
Riche, Ix>nis, 1.
Stananaught, Richard,
Smith, Sherman U.,
Smith, Jolin,
Smith, John,
Smith, William ?., a
Smith, George W.,
Smith, James,
Stinson, George,
Sackett, Edmand, a
Southard, Matthew, a
Sawtbr, Frio M., 1
Shea, John,
Stein, John, 1. a
Snyder, John,
BhsUey, Thomas,
Spaoldtng, Nelson W.,
Soper, Briggs,
Schoolcraft, Perry, 1.
Shaver, Samuel M.,
Sketton, John,
BuUlvan, James,

Tiflkny, Patrick, a
Taylor, John W.,
Tench, James, a

TiLBSTOM, ARTRUBT.,

Titus, WUIlam H.,
Touhill, John,
'Van, Nicholas,
'Vreclond, James,
Wr' lit, Aaron, 1.
Willard, Charies W„
Wilbur, George H.,
Wilter. WUIlam,
Whittemoro, Be^J. M., a
Wissells, George,
WlUiams, Charles,
Weaver, Charles,
Whaien, Michael,
Withers, John, a
WUUams, John,
Wescott, Brastu,
Wood, James,
Whitney, Oeois*,

.»*"■

;:i:,ii-^i'"''

i'5

816

Historic Records.

ffl.

Alberty, Jamea F.,
Armstrong, James n.,
Angellne.Michael,
Allen, Alonzo F.,
Appleby, Uenry J., 1.
Adams, Joseph,
ilnsh, Thomas,
Billings, peury C,
Bellows, Qeorge H.,
BalUrd, Geoige W.,
Btngham, Charles K., a
BowuiB, Patrick, 1.
Barber, Edmnnd, 1.
Bakeman, William H.,
Bennett, Edwin,
Bnnn, Oeorgo A.,
Brooks, Keaben,
Collins, Thomas,
Courtney, John C, a
Cnrran, John C,
Chaffee, Wilson, b
Cady, Michael,
Chapman, Tarquin, a
C'rltchley, Kdward,
Cadwcll, Jerome,
Colo, John P.,
Caixanan, Jib. J., 1.
Ciuoamon, C. H., 1. a
Cinnamon, Pbtsb,
Cook, Ira J.,
Caroli, Frederic,
Cringer, David E., 6
Cardelle, Samuel,
Davis, Henry,

DUNIOAN, MiOHABI., a

Duren, Henry M.,
Dovoe, Comelins, a
Elliott, John H.,
Eastman, Cuarlrs h.,
Fancier, Thomas,

Company D.*

Fox, Thomas,*
Geary, Michael,
GRKSuir, 8. H., 1. a
Gallagher, Patrick, a
Grosvenor, Charles H.,
Goyette, John,
Oarrow, James,

QBEBNLBAr, CiLAS. H,,

Hurlbert, Ira O.,
Hants, John G., Jr.,
Hathaway, William,
IIeisskii, Robiht,

HURUIIRT, GlOBOB E.,

HoKiRK, Obobub B
Higgins, Peter, a
Ileam, Joseph,
Hastings, Edward, a
Hazleton, Norman, a
Hard, Henry, a
Jordon, Walter,
Jandrew, Francis, 1
Kenwell, Richard, a
Kelley, Patrick,
Lee, James,
Lester, Oharies F.,
Laspen, Germanio,
Llndee, Francis, d
Latham, Joseph,
Langdon, John,
Lanlgar, John,
Lather, Allen D.,
Lynch, Thomas, a
Marehall, WlUiam H., 1.
Matthews, Peter,
HoiTATT, Jambs,
Mahoney, Dennis, 1. a
Matthews, Charios, a
Murphy, Michael J..
Malone, Edward,
Morehouse, Frank, a

McDormott, John,
M'Olnluy, J«». A.A.n
McCarthy, Patrick, b
McSweeney, Engcne, a
McGovem, Peter, 1. a
McNeil, John T.,
McDuugall, Horace,
McCoy. Thomas,
Newell, Nelson M., a
Ortman, Henry,
Preston, Edwin, b
Preston, Homan,
Perry, Abraham,
Preble, Clark,
Pitcher, William,
Pinkham, Andrew, a
Pierce, Henry C, 1.
Perry, Arthnr, a
Pbllbtt, Hbnbt H.,
Pbrkinb, Ransom A.,
Parris, George W.,
Quinu, John, 1. a
Riley. Thomas,
Ross, Thomas H.,
Rhine vault, Orman, a
RIloy, Patrick,
Randall, A. M.,
Reed, James W., b
Retnolss, Thomas,
Rogers, Harman, a
Bhearer, Sanford L., a
Stone, Henry, a
Smitb, Hibak a., 5. d

BUIXITAN, MiCHAXL, 0

Smith, James, d
Smith, Nelson,
Smith, Henry J.,
Scrtpter, Cyril E., a
SuLUTAN, John, a
Saunders, Reuben, a, i

• This Comiiany had in all 161 Men.

^ *-«s^

f cDormott, John,
ilcdlnlcy, J«». A.. 1. n
IcCarthy, Patrick, b
IcSweeney, Eagene, a
IcGoTern, Peter, 1. a
IcNell, John T.,
[cDougalt, Ilorace,
[cCoy. Thomas,
fewoll, Nulson M., a
rtman, Henry,
reaton, Edwin, b
reiton, Iloman,
erry, Abrnham,
reble, Clark,
Itcher, WiUlam.
Inkham, Andrew, a
lerce, Ilenry C, 1.
erry, Arthnr, a

tLLSTT, HlNBT H.,
RRIUHB, IUn*OX a.,

irriB, Oeorg^ W.,
ainu, John, 1. a
lley. Thumaa,
088, Thomaa H.,
tiinevaalt, Orman, a
lloy, Patrick,
indall, A. M.,
eed, Jamea W., b
ETNOLOB, Thomas,
tgera, Harman, a
learer, Sanford L., a
one, Henry, a
QTB, HiBAX A., 6. a
ILUTAN, HiCHAXL, a

lith, James, d
ilth. Nelson,
iltb, Henry J,,
ripter, Cyril E., a
iLUTAM, John, a
nnders, Beuben, a, b

Fifth New York Cavalry.

Sheebey, William, a
Stone, Fred. B., (i
Schermerhom, K. L., a
8chermerhom, Peter, a
Schaltz, Henry, e
!(lnne, Oardner,
Tuflleld, Labare,
Tcrliune, John J.,
Tnieey, Eira B.,
TiiERMCT, John, a

TOBIN, MiCHAIL, a

Ttnner, James H.,
Taylor, Robert, a
Tucker, John, a

Trendon, John B., 1
TucI, David,
Talnter, Charies,
Thomas, Highland, 1. a
Underhlll, Frederick,
Van Valkenburgh, U.,
Van Orman, William D.,
Van Marter, William W.,
Van Harter, Alh«d A., a
Vanghn, John,
Walsh, Jamis, a
Walsh, John, a
Wasbbnm, Albert, i
White, Jamea,

White, Joel J.,
Wright, Charles,
Williams, John P., a
Watkins, William W.,
Wyatt, DaTid K.,
Watson, William, a
Watson, John, 1.
Washbnm, NichoUa, a
Wheeler, Garry D.,
White, Addison D„ 1. <f
Wales, Rnssell,
Wamor, Ebenezer,
Welsh, Thomaa,
Goodrich, Warren D.

8#-'

818

IIlSTOBIO RbCORDS.

Abbott, Libkitt C,
Avrrat, Botal Q., a
Auitlu, Flank,
AuzAMDia, B., 1. a
AtUmi, Leonard,
Aldricb, Annon,
Andrew*, Ellas N.,
Ileardaley, Charlea B.,
Bamnm, Godfrey, Jr.,
Balgard, Edward,
BIzby, Daniel C, a
Boyle, James,
Blood, Aognstas C,
Bronson, Lafoyette,
Berdan, Albert,
Bennett, Lyman H.,
Bennett, Hilton H.,
. Bcardsley, Charles W.,
Brown, Ell P., b
Hrown, George R., b
Brown, Ueury C,
Byinoton, R. N., 1.
Bnrke, John,
Broniion, Frank,
fioylBlon, Edgar 0.,
Breunan, John,
Bernard, Jnlea,
Chase, Jamis H., 1.
Campbell, Dennis, a
Cnff, Charles,
Crowley, James,
Clark, Fred J., a
Crawford, Rochester W.,
CnmpbeU, Owen,
Dragon, Frank,
PavU, Leroy F.,
Dcvanna, John H.,
Dolph, Aaron,
Dolph, Joseph,
Dickinson, D. R., b

Company E.*

Dye, William P.,
Dye, EUm 8.,

DlCKIKBOM, FoaTBH, 1.
DaTIS, WlLUAM U., 1

Davis, L. Uberto,
Dillon, Michael,
Batoh, Aaron 0.,

EaTOM, WlUiAM A., a

EnaAN, CmusTiAN, 1.
Ehinan, Fred J., Jr., a
Ehman, Jeremiah,
Elliott, William J.,
Euber, Lewis,
KItch, John P.,
Flak, Frank, b
FiLKiNS, Isaiah V., a
FoBD, 8hbr>ah K., 1.
Gould, Adelbert E.
Gallup, Joseph O.,
Gallup, Gordon,
Gleason, Jonathan,
Gordon, Jefferson T.,
Granger, James,
Hams, Edward, b
Heady, John, 7.
Bahoe, John,
ntles, Francis,
Uuestls, John,
Hall, Archibald, S.
Hall, WiUlam,
Hamilton, John B.,
Hnssey, John,
Howard, William,
Johnson, Emstns,
Jabert, James,
Jackson, William, a
Jackson, Andrew, a
King, Joshua,
King, Reuben T.,
Keyes, Orson S., a

Katun, BuiuiBB S.,
Kennedy, John 0.,
Leslie, William J.,
Laromy, Bartomie,
Lawrence, Hiram M.,
LItynskI, Joseph,
Lakb, OcoRaB W.,
Lollls, John E.,
Lamarsh, Charles,
Leiser. John, a
Long, George,
Marsh, Daniel W.,
Merrtman, Daniel B.,
Merrlman, D. W.,
Morris, Charles A., 1.
MiNKB, Chas, a., I. e
Miner, Henry, a
Miner, Cornelius W.,
HoBOAN, James K., 1.
Monroe, Henry W., 1,
Morris, Edward L.,
Maloney, Michael, .
Montz, William,
Mulligan, John, 1.
Mortimer, Henry, b
Magai, Johannis,
Hahia, Charles, b
Mackey, Patrick, «
Hasten, Paul,
Myott, Oliver,
Moran, John, I.
MachUng, Debold, 1. a
McMin.uni, Chabucs,
HcELastnniT, A. J.,
McGrolgan, Charles,
McCallon, George, a
Newtoh, Cbas. M., 1.
Nash, Halcom H.,
Olmsted, Franklin,
Osborn, Joseph R., a

* This Company had in all 1U9 Hen.

LiixK, Bcmm K.,
mnedy, John C,
■lie, WUlikm J.,
romy, Bcrtomle,
wrence, Oiram M.,
tynekl, Jo«eph,
KB, QCOMI W.,
Ilia, Jobii K.,
morsb, Cbtrlet,
Iter, John, a
ng, Oeorife,
nh, Daniel W^.,
irlman, Daniel K,
rrlman, D. W.,
rrls, CUrle* A., 1.
jr«B, Cha*. a., 1. e
ner, Henry, a
ler, Cornelioa W.,
ROAN, Jaui K., 1.
nroe, Henry W., 1.
rrls, Edward L.,
loney, Michael, .
lU, William,
lligan, John, 1.
•timer, Henry, b
;ai, Johannlt,
ila, Charlea, b
key, Patrick, e
ten, Paul,
)tt, Oliver,
an, John, 1,
:hling, Debold, 1. a
Awixtt, Chablzs,
ifl«KNBT, A. J.,
trolgan, Charles,
'allon, George, a
rTOH, Chai. H., 1.
b, Halcom H.,
8ted, Franklin,
>rn, Joseph R., a

Fifth New York Cavalry.

819

Porter, John C,
Filmer, Alonio,
Pierce, Cnrtla B.. !■
Peiinei, Francli,
P»CKHA«, W. O., 1.
Paokabd, LomK F., !•
Paddock, Bo«w«ll A,, I
Pabcblui, T., 1. o
Rew, Hn/roK D., a
Rew, Newton 0., 1, a
liatbbone, John,
Raaey, LorencoU,
Rubertaon, J. Kllphalet,
Ryan, John A., a
Richard!, Godftay,
Rlcbardi, Thomaa B.,
RobertMm, Alex. L.,

Btaanton, Henry,

SORTORI, SAMimL W.,

BoRToiia, Hamtoro H.,
Sortore, John D.,
Sortore, Blliba,
Swart, FRAmtuir 9.,
, Btrait, Matthbw, S. a
Bnow, Andrew J., 1.
Beaman, Henry,
Bherrer, Henry,
Spencer, Aaaliel A.,
Smith, Lafliyette 0.,
Thoiowon, a. B., a
Tbraix,, Eownr, a
Thrall, Ira,
Trowbridge, John B., 1.

Tonrrtllon, Adolph,
Uftrohotr, B. T., ». a
Vsnderrtlle, John. 1.
Whipple, Walter,
Woodward, Jacob,

WOODRUW, JOHH B.,
WoRTBUtOTOIl, L. U., a
Woi^corr, Datid F.,
Watuuiousr, W. H., a
Walsh, Michael,
Wood, John L.,
Well, John,
Wells, Richard M.,
Wemette, PanI, a
Williams, Bdwin 0.,
WllUa,JamM,

viJW***'

iM^M^' -^j«iSSSS&*>fe^--^'*« .>*^<^*^ A'^-x'^-' *"

n.^'m^$^>!>pimmw,»'i^wi;s&^^

820

IIiBTORio Records.

fej?i

Atiatln, Merritt, a
Arnold, Corrtogton F.,
Aztetl, Jdneph,
Acklor, Wtlltiun v.,
Aiken, Iloraco,
Atwood, HIlM H., 1.
Ayleiwortb, C. 0« K.,
Aiken, WiUUm,
Arnold, Addison C,
Baker, SamDel,
Bush, Amos,
BaUit, Homnel,
Benton, ThomM,
Butler, Hamtioi,
Brand, Clurleii,
B'loor, Charlet,
Babcock, Samuel,
'B«m, Alunzo, a
Bkldvrin, LTtnan,
Bbown, Wiluam J.,
Brown, Ira, 1. 6
Brown, John,
Bernard, John W., a
Brooka, Ilenry J. a
Bennett, Wlnant H., a
Brady, John R.,
Brink. Perley,
BrlRter, Elijah, 1.
BrUler, Ira,
Bagley, Avory E.,
Bostwick, Jndaon,
BInke, WllUam, 1.
Bullock, Samuel,
Briggs, William K., b
Benaon, Peter,
Bngley, Daniel E.,
Cumminga, Nelaon B.,
Conlon, John, a
Carney, Philip, a
Clark, Theodore,

Company F.*

Carl, Frank W.,
CaUln, Thomaa N.. t
CnA*aT, UmMMm ^.,
Clark, Nelaou,
Cnig, Jotm,
Churchill, Homer,
CuggcD, Joseph, 1.
ClauB, John W.,
Co'ilatoo, WilUun 0.,
Cralfi, John,
Clongh, Clarence H.,
Curtia, Henry, e
Davli, WtUUm,
Dodge, Ooorga W.,
Doulon, Th' «, a
Davanna, i, U

Daries, V ,

De Mott, . .., 1. a

Dennta, George W., b
De La Loaa, Yaldro, e
Sari, Hinun U., a
Bpaal, Qabriol F.,
Eogalla, Peter, a
Edwards, Albert,
Enaign, Nelaon,

FCLUm, COLONIL,

Freeman, Poter B.,
Fowler, Illckson A.,
Fowler, William U.,
Freeman, James,
Ferris, John P.,
Gregg, Jolin, a
Galnsha, Waterman, a
Griffith, Lucini,
Galplu, William, 1.
Goodale, Ezra M.,
Graves, Pliny A.,
Hogan, James,
Hanley, Michael,
Hooper, John,

HaTM, John W.,

BAtLmWARTR, P.. a
Uatton, WnUam B., a
nawley,WU]lBm, a
Holmes, John,
Hawley, Erarett A., 1
Harrington, Charles U.,
Ilurlburt, Riley A.,
Haeatla, Franl^
Hai:, Warren A.,
ToNM, John B., 1. a
Jackson, Jokx W., a
Jeffrey, John K., 1.
Jenkins, George H., 1,
Jackson, Francis A.,
Knowlton, Clark C, a
Kinney, Edward,
Kimball, Horton, a
Leek, Horace F.,
Logan, Charles H.,
Lawrence, George D.,
Lntlier, Asa, a
Levria, Charles,
Leiloua, Henry,
HcMuxAH, D. J., fl.
Hcitlllan, John, B., a
HcQowan, James,
HcDonald, Bernard,
Moroy, William C,
Horoy, Homer A.,
MooRB, Jakm,
Hoore, Wallace, 1.
Moore, Franklin B., a
MadUon, John,
Meade, AJonzo H,, 1.
Mullen, William,
Metcair, A. Jndson,
Metcair, George,
Morton, Henry A.,
Moore, Victroy,

* This Company had in all 180 Men.

Fifth New York Cavalry.

321

m», John W.,
iLmwAnTB, P., a
iton, WllUam B., a
vl«r,-WUlUm, a
mot, John,
tiej, KT«reU A., t
rlugton, Chiu-lM U.,
Iburt, Riley A.,
latia, Frank,
!, Warren A.,
u, John B., 1. a
K«oN, iroHX W., a
tej, John K., 1.
kinii, George H., 1,
Icaon, Fraud! A.,
)wlton, Clark C, a
ney, Edward,
ibsll, Horton, a
k, Horace F.,
nn, Charlei H.,
rrence, George D.,
ber, Asa, a
rli, Charles,
QUI, Henry,
11IU.AS, D. J., fl.
mUao, John, B., a
lowan, Jamea,
)osiaId, Bomard,
«y, William C,
Dy, Homer A.,
na, Jakm,
ire, Wallace, 1.
)re, Franklin B., a
lUon, John,
de, Alonzo H,, 1.
len, WlUiam,
•M, A. Jadaon,
calf, George,
ton, Henry A.,
ire, Vlctroy,

Mnpea, William W.,
Murpm, Daniel,
Mniiteraon, Jamea,
Mlllnr, Jacob,
NIeman, William H., o
Nimrae, Alfred W.,
Niiiton, Samnel K.,
Mihola, Wallace,
Nufh, Orvln D.,
0<h<)m, Calvin W., 8. a

Oedcn, William,

Oliver, Jadaon S., a

Olnpy, Marvin,

I'rini, Kwald,

Vslmcr, Henry,

Pctpraon, Mahlon J., 1.

Pnrklna, Samuel 8.

Fettle, Ralph, 6

Prince, Henry A.,

Pickett, William B.,

PbATT, KtJOBNB, 8. a

Porter, Charlea H.,
Pettia, Zepbanlah,
Plnney, Henry A..

Parka, William U.,
Pratt, Gardner, 1.
Partridge, Heneklah D ,
Portler, Kralle, 1.
Poyer, Henry,
Roff, John F.,
Rtchardaon, Charlea H.,
Riley, John,
Rogera, Edward A., 1.
Hathbone, George D.,
Hhodea, Jnllna D.,
SOWKBtBT, Wm. W.,
Smith, Victor D., 6
Smith, Peter W.,
Smith, Walter C
Stewart, HoeeaB.,
Saylea, William >
Stevena, Victor M.,
Stilea, Addlaon D.,
Steama, Rolltn A.,
Snmner, Byron, a
TBOHAt, Cbaxum B.,
Tntblll, Jamea H.,

rracey, Walter J.,
Tollea, Edward D.,
Tollea, Ralph N., <J
Tallmaa, Frank,
Updyke, Nelaon,
Wallo, Darwin,
WIckham, Jamea B.,
Whitmnrah, Kniatna, b
Wight, Marvin, a
WlOHT, DAwmL, a
Wnlla, MIlea,

WHITHBT, CnAHLKS, a

Whitney, Ellaha,
Whitlock, Thaddena K.,
Wl! ., LnkeS.,
Wella, Georg*, o
Wella, William H., a
Wllcoi, Charlea F.,
White, Andrew J., a
White, Henry,
Waterman, Nelaon E., d
Toanga, Silaa A.,
Zahler, Mlcholas,

■;*'v

v' ,'!:

n >'

, -,*^^*w%'y^^fM*5*-'

, sj-^A, ^ f

822

Historic Recobds.

Adamg, Williiim, a
AniU, Frederic D.,
Addorley, Jamen.
Byron, Theophlloi,
Bowden, William,
Italify, David, a
Bailey, MMIHsm V., a
BllTANT, Jamkc, a
BiTMAK, William,

BOVEB, BoDKBr,

Babnby, Aluin,
BAHNim, N. W., 8. a
BnAiNABD, H. £., a
Bamen, Bnger.e B., a
Banner, Philip H.,
BroolclnB, Fred O.,
Bnfflngton, Channcey,
' Bidwell, JoJ>n W., 1. a
Billinga, Jamea 9.
Ca»e, noaston h.,
ConrtwrlgJit, Richard, a
Cai>w>.ll, Eobbbt B.,
Conlon, Peter, a
Campbell, Philip,
Clarlc, David A., .
Cox, AnguRtaa,
Cnrry, John,
Camp, W. nABBignr,
Cabpkntbb, Rybon R.,
Culver, Lewis J., 9.
Dunn, Michael,
Dinbrabt, Robbbt,
DiNEBABT, Jab, a., 8.
Devine, John,
Davis, Henry T., o

DatISON, EflBBBT,

Dooij^N, Timothy, a
Dobimhb, Theodobk,
DiNQMAN, John,
Dan»u, John L.,

Company G.*

Daro, Chadnckt, b
Dx TnoMPaoN, Oko. E.,
Doyle, John, a
Dlngman, Ahram,
Fverett, James H.,
Evans, John, S.
Fox, Jefferson, 1.
Falrrhtld, Mason A.,
Fabnhax, Oscab E., a
Fuller, Corydon,
Forsyth, Augustus,
Foster, Johnson, a
Fnmhnm, Charles P., a
Gatefield, Edmund M.,
Grant, James,
Grkkn, Wmni.sB C, 9.
Obibn, Stkphkn D.,
Qordon, Samuel, d
Green, Calvin E.,
Goodwin, Edward H., a
Horgan, John.
Hlbbard, Ku,rard,
Hoyt, Andrew J., 1.
Hayden, Alben, B.,
Hunt, James,
Hnlett, Benjamin A..
Hulett, Abram H., a
Hazen, Alfred B.,
Hazkn, John H., a
Johnson, Horace P.,
Knuppeubnrg, John, 1.
Enigbt, WnxuM H., a
Kbohn, Phiup, a
Knapp, Joseph, ft
Lane, David, 1.
Lane, Cherter J.. 1.
Lloyd, John,
Lowe, William T.L, 1.0
Lynch, Stephen,
Markham, Chester C, b

Mooney, John, c
Moran, William,
McBride, John,
Harkell, James,
Marikle, James,
Mallory, James, 3. a
Meddangh, George,
MsUoty, Warren, 1, o'
Noble, Asa S.,

WOBTON, CTBUS B.,

Nareh, Marvin A.,
Narsh, John W.,
Overocker, DeWitt C, a
Osborne, Richard,
PntBcx, Chablbs T, 8.,
Payne, George, a

PuLLABO, JkMES M., 1,

Phblfs, CHARues A.,
Phelps, John H.,
Phelps, Jeremiah W.,
Phelps, Theodore A.,
Prince, George H.,
Qninn, John,
Rowley, James,
Roberta, Lnclus, d
Rush, Richard,
Ryan, Philip, a,
Roberts, Philemon,
Rhlnevault, 8. P.,
Romans, George H., a
Russell, Ralph L.,
Rogers, Martin 8., 1. a
Steele, Seth A., b
Smith, Schuyler F., a
Smith, John,
Shaw, WlllUm,
SpArroBD, Abuah,
Sullivan, Daniel, b
Snow, George W.,
Spencer, Nathan 0.,

* This Company bad in all 166 Men.

Fifth Nkw York Cavalry.

828

joney, John, 4,
Dran, WUlUm,
:Bride, John,
irkell, Jamet,
irikle, Junet,
lUory, Jameg, 3. a
^dangh, G«orge,
iUor7, Warren, I. a'
>ble, Asa S.,
>RTON, Ctbus B.,
ireh, Marvin A.,
ir»h, John W.,
ferocker, DeWltt C, a
borne, Richard,

CSCS, CnABLKB T. 8.,

yne, George, a
iLLARO, JkMia M., 1,
[KLF8, CHARUeS A,,

lelps, John H.,
elp«, Jeremiah W,,
olp«, Theodore A.,
ince, Qeorge H.,
linn, John,
iwley, James,
>bert«, Lnclna, d
i8b, Richard,
an, Philip, 9,
bertg, Philemon,
linevanlt, 8. P.,
imana, Qeorge H., a
meell, Ralph L.,
gero, Martin 8., 1. a
sele, Seth A., 6
lith, Schnyler F., a
lith, John,
aw, William,
4rroBD, Abuah,
Ulvan, Daniel, b
ow, Qeorge W.,
encer, Nathan 0.,

SotiAwick, Qeorge,
Taylor, Benjamin V.,
TlKRIHT, Jo««PH, a
Trum, John, a
Thorn, John,
Turner, William, a
Towiier, Lent H., f
Thompson, I»!aic M.,
Vincent, William B., b
Van Marter, F. W.,
Van Mabtrb, J. C, 1,
Vandirhabk, LnoAB,

Vandermark, Natlian, 1.
Vandbrmabk, John,
Van WiNKLB, C. O.,
Wrioht, John H., a
Wn-ooi, Chablm R., a
Wn^oT, Btron G. a
Wbmb, Josbpb, a
Whits, Pbtib H., 1,"

WniTB, LOBKNEO,

Wbitb, Hbnbt v..
White, Barney H.,
White, Charlea,

WWte, Amoa,
White, Squire,
Wilson, John A., b
Williams, John A.,
Witter, John, B.,
Witter, William A., a
Witter, William,
Wintibld, Hbnbt,
Weston, Nathan, S.
Wiggins, Frank,
Wright, William,

:a,*Saaaa5feai^^i8^tt«^^ "

i;iil!!#^**

824

Historic Records.

Andrews, Thonuc,
BriKlln, Pntrick,
Bottnmly, Wtlilam,
Beobe, CsWn L.,

nARXER, El.HKR J., i.

Brydkn, Jaxss, 1.
Bakkr, GsoBes A., 1.
Baker, Rosseix. W.,
BnowN, Wkslit, a
Barrows, Wltllam,
Boudrye, Charles A.,
Barton, M'tlliam H.,
Baker, Fayette H., 1. a
Baker, Caleb C,
Oarrett, Alvin, a
Barber, William N.,
Barber, George D.,
Black, George,
Blgelow, Amos,
Brittell, Gay,
Baker, George W.,
Benedict, Jonas A., b
Bnrlingame, Henry H., b
CkunrET, Jaxcs,
Ctrkindajx, Waltsb,
Cnrtls, Charles W., S.
Cornell, Oliver T.,
Chlllson, Charles N., 1.
Cook, William II., 1.
Culver, Coolidge B.,
Carr, Dnransie 8., a
Connor, John, d
Chaffee, Rnftas A., a
Conway, John,
Conway, John, Jr.,
Oronk, Abram,
Davis, WiujAit,
Dtckerson, Nelson 11.,
Decatur, Samuel 0.,
Dawes, Oraon J.,

Company H.*

Durno, John P.,
Dnmo, George C, a
Dn Chene, George C, 1.
Dnnlap. Robert A., a
Dolbeck, Cloophas,
Darling, Truman,
Dwinelle, Nehemlah B.,
Daniels, Andrew J.,
Drake, Orlando,
Davis, Almeron, a
Edwards. R,..","Tt W.
Ellis. Richard R.,
Elliott, Robert,
Fuller, Nelson, e
Ferby, John,
FtTLUtR, Warren R., 1.
French, John C. C, a
Folger, Abram, 1. a
Finney, Thomas, 1.
OoRBAM, Lewis J.,
GriUln, Henry,
Graves, Horace,
Gilleo, Henry, b
Gilleo, Charles,
Glldden, Stephen T„
Gillett, Mark,
Hildreth, Charles H., d
Hildreth, Hartwell H.,
Howland, Arthur,
EowLAiTD, Warren,
Hahchett, Elbert E.,
HoLOOMB, Charles H.,
Hatward, EiroENB B.,
Hayward, Monroe L.,
Hart, Frank, a
Hoyt, Irvln P., 1.
Hammond, Jobn, S.
Howe, Lowell G.,
Hayes, Blum,
Howke, Phineas,

Hayford, Edwin T., b
Holden, Ira S.,
Habcau., Busha F ,
Ives, George,
Jackson, Richard,
Joiner, Henry M.,
Jordan, Carlos A., a
Johnson, Walker E., a
Johnson, Perry,
Johnson, Warren,
Johnson, Henry F.,
Jordan, Alfkado,
Jones, Irving W., a
Keach, William H., b
Kilmer, Reuben,
Knisbt, Jabec, a

KeLLET, WiLLIAlt B.,

lAne, Zadoc F.,
Laverty, William,
Laverty, Allen,
Lbtson, Tboxas,
Lamb, Joseph J.,
Lafhmce, Frank,
Larason, William P., I,
Lyford, Erakine W.,
Lively, James,
Lively, William, S.
Labonnty, Louis, a
Leach, George W,,
Maloney, Nelson,
Mead, Abner B.,
Moncrief, Albert,
Miller, David B.,
MrLLBR, Harmon C„
Murdock, James A.,
Marshall, Charles E., b
Moore, Viceroy,
Moore, Orville J.,
MOORB, Alpbabis H.,
Miner, John J., Jr., a

* This Company had in ail 100 Hen.

[ayford, Edwin T., i
olden, Ir& E.,

lAROAIX, EUSHA F ,

'eg, Qoorge,
tckson, Itlchnrd,
Jiner, Henrjr M.,

}RnAN, CARLO! A., a

ihnnon, Walker B., a
3bnM>n, Perry,
ohneon, Warren,
)hnson, Henry F.,
3rdan, Alftsdo,
)neg, Irving W„ a
Bach, William H., b
llmer, Benben,
nsBT, Jabkz, a
nj,BT, WnxiAK E.,
»ne, Zadoc F.,
iTerty, William,
iverty, Allen,
rraoif, Tboxas,
imb, Jbaeph J.,
iftance, Frank,
meon, William P., 8.
ford, Er«kine W.,
vely, James,
vely, William, ».
ibonnty, l«Qii, a
*ch, Qeorge W.,
jloney, Nelson,
sad, Abner B.,
>n<:rief, Albert,
Her, David B.,
UAR, Harmon C,
irdock, James A.,
rshall, Charles B., b
•ore. Viceroy,
lore, OrvUIe J.,
osta, Alpharir H.,
NBR, John J., Jr., a

Fifth New York Cavalry

Mason, SrLAB J., a
McCartt, Tihotht, a
McCauohh, Patrick,
McMancs, Edward, a
McConley, John, o
McKenile, Walter J.,
McGlnnisg, Warren.
McGowen, Erastug, 1.
Nelson, Jameg, a
Ozlcr, Jogeph J., 1.
Odell, Henry, a
Orb, Horack. 1. a
Oaks, NxLgoN 8., 3.
Ober, William,
Oliver, Edward A.,
Oakley, John,
Payllng, William,
Porter, Zely W.,
Palmer, Allen,
Perking, Igalah, b
Perkins, GUman, ft
Porter, Robert W., 1 a
PxASK, Clark M.,
PcDfleld, Jameg A., 1. a
Pierce, Amos, a
Potter. Allen L.,
Peasoly, Henry, a

Page, Benjamin F., a
Parmenter, George, ft
Palmer, Peter W.,
Rbnnk, Lucius P., 1.
Ralne, James H.,
Bobbins, David H.. a
Redman, John, 1. a
RuBh, John, ft
Sickler, Isaac,
Smith, George E.,
Smith, Henry V., ft
Smith, George W.,
Smith. George W.,
Smith, Charles, a
Sdlth, John, a
Swift, WlUlam W.,
Shepard, Edgar C, e
Sherman, Abram,
Starling, Edgar,
Sartwell, William, 1.
Btarks, John E., 1., a
Staot, Jamss, o
Spaiildlng, Heiir-', a
Spaalding, J ■ . n
Spanldlng, J >*' .

"hattack, Albert h , 1.

Stone, Harry L.,
SCHSNK, Charlm,
Town, George L.,
Town, Simon,
Thrasher, Orlando F.,
Todd. Henry D.,
Uhdkrbiix, Hiram,
L'nderhill, Charles,
ViAix, John G.,
Van Wert, Jameg E.,
WeRCott. Jogeph J., 1.
Wegtcott, Jonathan,
WKJ.M, Charlbs,
Wtmak, Hbnrt E.,
Watbrmam, Johh, a
Washbum, Ben]. F.,
Woster, Jogeph E., S.
Warner, Samnel 8.,
Wellg, Edgar J.,
Wells, Nathaniel,
Wiley, Henry A.,
Winters, Edward A a
Wright, Abner Z., b
Wilcox, Charles H., 1.
Warren, Joseph B.,
I iVoodward^ ZephanUh,

iM^mi

iiSiSiisftSfe

ii^jj^^i^jfti:isiisss¥'«i

isWsw^''

8S6

Historic Records.

%l'

Adami, William,
Adams, Henry,
Andoraon, Robert S.,
Arnold, 0«orga,
Beylsn, John,
BrookB, John,
BcU, Richard,
Banrer, AaKUit,
Babbitt, William L., a
Barbt, Jxifxs, 1.
Barry, Edward,
Banlier, Oeorge R.,
Barlow, Nathaniel A.,
Banfield, Michael, 6
Bennett, Joseph H., a
Behrendt, John,
Blanvelt, John H.
Boland, William,
Bolirer, Conrad,
Beyer, John,
Boyle, Michael,
Bly, Reuben,
Battles, Isaac D., a
Calhonn, Samael,
Oary, WllUam B.,
Carroll, Thomas, 1.
Carpenter, Oeorice A.,
Clarkson, James B.,
Cleeland, William,
Coddington, Job,
Conroy, Frank,
Conway, Jacob,
Connolly, John,
Conklln. WlUlam, H.,
Crandall, Lewis H., b
Crawbnck, Richard V.,
CnnnlDgham, Thomas, a
Crooks, Jacob C,
Clynton, William H.,
Cliutoa, Robert,

Company I.*

Cammings, Robert B,,
Campbell, Robert,
Drake, William,
Donglass, John,
Dempsey, Charles,
Dowdy, James,
Daly, William, a
Darsy, Nicholas, 1.
Day, Patrick.
Dov, Bdward S.,
Duuu, WUliam B.,
Dnnn, Joseph, b
Danliam, Randolph, i
Edwards, Isaac,
Edwards, Charles,
Edwards, William O.,
French, Jamt.,
Fairweather, Jolm B.
Fennely, Martin,
Frazer, Lewis A., b
Ferguson, John H.,
Freeman, Albert S.,
Flynn, Lanrence,
Fuller, Ira W.,
Oall, Alexander,
Gale, Harrison,
Oarrln, Frank B.,
Gai^ner, David, a
Grist, John P.,
GBaHAII, Elus J.,
Gray, Asa,
Green, Robert,
Garrigao, James,
Garanger, Stephen,
Hughes, Francis,
Harding, Alonzo,
HaTens, Ransom W.,
Henderson, William,
Hand, Laurence,
Hill, Henry,

Haney, George H.,
Harris, Oeorge H.,
Harris, George W.,
Hart, Joseph,
Herox, CasiSTorKn,
Hamnee, Herman, a
Haupert, Jacob,
Heck, Henry,
Howe, Lowell 8.,
Havens, Thomas,
Harder, John, fr
Herriman, Edson,
Houston, Jamos,
Jordan, Christopher,
Johnson, Daniel R.,
Kino, CtLkxuu,
Koch, John,
Elette, Henry,
Lowrey, Harvey,
La Fountain, Gabrid
Lnndin, John A., a
Lewis, Geoisie C,
Lovejoy, Isaiah H.,
Lamb, Julius C,
Lynch, James,
Mann, James,
Meeken, Henry,
Mdjs, Wnxiax, 1.
Miller, Georgo,
Miner, Peter,
Morrison, WUliam, a
McNallen, James,
McMlnn, Samuel,
McDonald, James,
McEenney, Edward,
Mundrane, John,
Monlther, Charles,
Moore, J. Bnel,
Mattlson, Dwlght L.,
Miller, Warner,

* ThU Company had In aU 100 Men.

Fifth New Yokk Cavalry.

82T

lanejr, 0«orge H.,
Sanis, George H.,
larria, 0«orge W.,
lart, Joceph,
Seroh, CHsiaTorRn,
larmeK, Bennan, a
Uupert, Jacob,
leek, Henry,
lowe, Lowell 8.,
laveDB, Thomaa.
larder, John, i>
terriman, Bdaon,
[onston, Jamoa,
ordan, Chrlatopher,
ohnaon, Daniel R.,
LiNe, Crabuh,
Coch, John,
□ette, Henrjr,
lOwrey, Harvey,
a Fonntain, Oabrlel
,andla, John A., a
ewla, Oeorge C,
ovejoy, Iiatah H.,
amb, Jollna C,
ynch, Jamea,
[ann, Jamee,
'eeken, Henry,

[CU, WlUJAK, 1.

lller, Oeorgo,
:iner, Peter,
orrlaon, WUIIam, a
cNallen, Jamea,
cHlnn, Samnel,
cDonald, Jamee,
cKenney, Bdward,
nndnme, John,
oulther, Charles,
oore, J. Bnel,
attlaon, Dwlght L.,
llier, Warner,

Mack, Jamea D., b
Mmire, A. B.,
Nonnan, Adeodat,
Nickcrgon, Daniel,
JJ-ionan, Edward,
O'HsUoran, Daniel C, a
O'Relly, William,
O'Meara, Daniel,
Olmeted, John A. H.,
Olmeted, Orman B.,
O'Mellle, Matthew,
Pierce, Henry,
Parsons, Thomaa C,
Phillipe, John,
PhllllpB, Kdward,
Ponlson, Jacob C,
Port, John H.,
Peaseley, Amaaa H.,
Randolph, cTonathan D.,
Randolph, WUIIam H.,
Richards, Alfred, a
Roach, Charlee,
Riley, Martin, a
Ryan, Patrick,

Rnnyon, Angb^ins,
ilcardon, Daniel,
Stlmpson, George B.,
Scott, John J.,
Santabar, FrancU, a
ShlfTer, Morgan, a
8now, John, b
Schwartz, John,
Shay, Jamee,
Smith, Charlea P., a
Smith, John W.,
Sovut, Pbteb, 1.
Spencer, Robert, 1.
Springsteen, John,
Southard, Aaahel,
Shalley, Thomas,
Sabring, Alfred, b
Tracey, George W., b
Townsend, Thomas,
TItns, William U.,
Townsend, N.,
Tool, John,
Tlmmons, Stephen,

Van Iderstein, Peter J.,
Van Gorden, Ell,
Van Allen, Benjamin F.,
Vaeblnder, William H.,
Treeland, Stephen K.,
Vreeland, John T.,
White, William,
Wedding, WUIIam,
WermeUter, Francis,
Wlltse, Isaac,
Wilts*, W. Kslbst,
Wlltse, Robert L,,
Wood, Frank, a
Wriobt, Jairs O., a
Whitfield, Nathan A.,
Wcsterrelt, Benjamin,
Wolfe, John,
Wilson, William,
Wool, Lnther,
Woodward, Philander,
Yonug, Abner 8., a
Yates, Henry,
Zimmerman, Bennan,

[

"?t?-^^*teSte^4'.VJ*<«^'' .„'.t«.,-«*4»wi^**.i v^-sva*- .;-• VA*.-*****-

HisTOi ic Records.

Aldrtch, Aaron,
Abbey, Alansou L.,
Bate;, John,
Black, Robkrt, 1.
Briden, Domlnlck,
Brown, Leonard,
Brlell, Frans,
Beach, Henry C,
Butts, Horace D.,
Barber, WlllUm,
Baltey, Amoa, d
Colea, William P.,
Connets, John,
Culllon, William,
Coleman, John,
Clark, John,
Clark:, John C,
Conner*, Michael,
Currier, Andrew,
Conway, Jacob J.,
Carter, RoUln W., 4
Campbell, Ed. A., 1. a
Cole, George W., b
Coggiua, Tbomaa E.,
Condlyea, Edward,
Ducat, Hoeea,
Daly, Philip,
Dlnamore, Qeorge W., a
DoouNe, John, 1.
DoMALD, John,
Dowd, Jamse D., 1. a
Doty, WUUam,
Dougherty, John,
Daley, Timothy,
Doegan, John,
DuboiB, Henry,
Dikeman, Oeorge R.,
Erregger, Charles,
Englieh, Oeoi'ge C,
Flaherty, Tbomaa, a

Company K.*

Fox, Jobn.
Fuller, Robert,
Pealey, John,
Oriffln, Patrick H.,
Garroty, Jamea,
Greenback, John,
Gleaaon, Patrick, a
Galen, Michael,
Qeahaw, Dennis,
Holden, John, tt
Howard, Abraham, a
Howe, Darid, a
Hemble, Michael,
Hecker. Frederick L..
Howard, Oeorge,
Howard, Charles W.,
i. '«ting8, Chester C,
Bola;>n, Thomas M.,
Harper, James,
Haley, Michael,
Hobart, Albert,
Head, William,

Hoover, Bamael,
Herriman, Reuben D.,
Hall, James A.,

Henley, Frederick, e

Harris, John,

Jasper, Robert, a

Jadah, Theodore,

Jones, John, a

Kmskmt, Miohail,

Keeley, Michael,

Kennedy, William,

Keiley, Patrick,

Kingsley, James M., a

Keeler, Horace,

Latterall, Charles,

Lahiff, Jamee,

Lockwood, Edmund,

Mack, John, a

Monroe, Oeorge W., •
McCnllongh, WiUlam.
McDonald, Edward,
MoCne, Alonzo,
Mclntyre. James,
Martin, Joseph,
|fooney, Terence,
Myers, Joseph D,,
Maddon, John,
Martin, Thomas,
Maddon, James.
Mallory, Thomas,
Mazfleld, Oeorge,
Maban, Bei^amin, d
Merton, Robert R,

NOOITAN, jBHlnAJi,
NiALOM, JaKXS,

Nadow, Michael,
O'Enra, Thomas,
O'Nin,, MioBAU,, a
O'Brien, John,
O'ReiUy, WlUiam,
O'Connor, Henry,
Otis, Horace,
PRtLUFS, John, a
Perry, Oeorge W.,
Perry, Alamanza,
Perry, Antoine,
Porter, Marvin B.,
Parsons, Nelson R., 1.
Parker, TjCwIb B.,
Falmatler, Daniel,
Pecot, Eugene,
Pecot, Josepli,
Pease, WlUlam H.,
Quinn, Francis, a
Quern, Carl,
Rouse, Peter,
Rouse, Alvin,
Rhodes, Ludns,

This Company had in aU 164 Men.

■':^^^iiT>^JiT^>,-^'li,^>■■'v>■^(^tn^iy-'

lonroe, George W,. •
ilcCnUoagh, Wmiun.
IrDonald, Bdward,
[oCne, Alonzo,
[clntTre. Jamea,
Urtin, Joseph,
fooney, Terence,
lyera, Joseph I).,
taddon, John,
Isrtin, Thomaa,
Uddon, Junei,
[allory, Tbomu,
lazfleld, Oeorge,
tahan, Bei^amln, i
[erton, Robert R.,

fOOHAM, JXBMMIAM,
flAXOM, JaKU,

Udow, Michael,

I'KlITB, TBOMAI,

I'Nia^ MioBAU,, a
'Brlen, John,
I'RelUy, WlUlam,
'Connor, Henry,
tig, Horace,
RILLIF8, John, a
Brry, Qeorge W.,
irry, Alamanza,
Brry, Antolne,
)rter, Marvin B.,
trsona. Nelson R., 1.
uker, T^wts B,,
ahnatler, Daniel,
9cot, Eugene,
icot, Jofteph,
laee, William H.,
^nn, Francis, a
iiem, Carl,
rose, Peter,
rase, Alvin,
lodes, Lucius,

Fifth Nkw York Cavalry.

329

Reed, John,
Kuwell, Warren,
Keynoldn, Bdwarl D.,
Stunton, Amos,
Sure*, Anthony H.,
RMTea, Peter,
ScoriBLD, David H.,
Schaffer, Charles,
Stockton, Thomas,
Stafford, Thomas,
Sherwood, Nathan,
^Myter, John W., 1.
Shaw, James, a
Schaeffer, Frederic
Scott, Qeonte, a

Bnddard, DaTid H.,
Smith, Charles J., A
Talmask, Nath'l M.,
Talmadge, Oliver, b
Tons, GioBsa W.,
Telfer, James.
Turley, WlllUm.
Tmesdale, Laclns,
Treach, George, a
Tyrrell, Patrick,
Van Valkenborgh, R.,
Vllandre, Theodore, 1.
Watson, Qeorge,
WIlUamROD, James,
Wilcox, Edward, A

Wilson, William J.,
Wmis, Charles H.,
Ward, Richmond,
Weatherwax, John, a

WlUOHT, HORACZ,

WUklns, Amos, 1.
Walker, Charles H., a
WUklns, James, 1. a
Walsh, James,
Welch, James, a
Whltmore, James,
Tonng, John,
Yonng, WlUett,
Young, Henry Y.

KM*

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k^s.^teJ*^"^^**-^'"'^*'^ .,,^^i«8je«^-

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330

Historic Records.

Aikani, Hngb,
Allen, HeDi7 M.,
Alexander, Charlei,
Ames, James F.,
Akers, Charles,
Avery, Hora'ie G.,
Aotlsdale, FrederUk,
Anttsdale, Qeorge, a
Barton, Jcieph,
Bowen, Eseck,
Booker, Joseph,
Brown, Henry,
Brown, William,
Boyd, James,
Boyd, John,
Brady, Thomas, b
Brennan, John,
Bridges; Charles D.,
Boate, Qeorge, b
Companion, Rdward,
Caine, William,
Craoo, Frank,
Compton, Lewis,
CoixxsKia, John, 1. i
Cross, Antliony, 1.
Cooper, Lewis, a
Coles, WilUam T..
Carman, Archibald,
Comes, William,
Cooley, Horatio 0.,
Cameron, Eli, a
Connell, Dennis, a
Clark, Job D..
Connor, Thomas,
Crow, Bei\]amin,
Davknpobt, H. L., a
Driesecs, Julias,
Dann, John, b
Darling, Thomas,
Dorsey, Edward,

Company L.*

Dorman, James,
Earle, Robert,
Earle, Ilenry,
EIneson. Richard,
Bastou, Theodore M., a
Fraser, William,
Fraser, Archibald, 1.
Fobs, Gottlieb,
Fitzpatrick, Oomellns,
FItzRimmons, Patrick,
Gartland, John,
GoBDON, John, a
Oenard, Augaata, a
Oorth, Henry,
Orleser, John,
Grice, Joseph B.,
Gable, Michael,
Qerock, Charles,
Harvey, Frederick, ft
Hlcka, Frederick H., a
Holm, Louts, a
Hedland, John, a
Hegeman, William,
Ualnes, John T., ft
Hatch, Orrin 8., ft
Holm, Martin,
Hambleton, WllUam,

HlNKITTT, HlOBAXI^ tt

Uewltt, James,
Hnrd, Joseph,
Holford, William,
Hibbard, Gardner,
Hedricb, Ferdinand,
Jocknm, AdoU^
Keer,*Charle8,
Keffer, Earl, 1.
Enarr, Jamm,
Kemon, Jamea,
Elotz, Julias,
Kellett, Robert J.,

Knapp, llieodore X.,
Keefer, Frank,
Lindsay, James,
Leigh, James D.,
Lee, Henry R.,
Lavoisier, Frederic,
Lockwood, Sidney B.,
Lalor, Flnton,
Lamb, Georga, a
Lang, George,
Lehman, Henry,
Lawrence, Edwin C, ft
McMVULBI, Pbtib,
McKnlght, Mortimer,
McEwan, John,
McManns, Hngh,
Merton, Curtis,
Merritt, H. A. D., & a
Marland, Charles, <t
Miner, John 8.,
Metzler, Joaepb,
Mahoney, John,
Morse, Ezra,
Nelson, Peter,
Needham, William,
O'BaniN, Dennis,
O'Brien, Thomas, a
Perry, Albert,
Perry, Alhannan,
Plade, Henry, ft

PUBDT, JlSSB.

Porter, Clandloa,
Pratt, Albert Y.,
Place, Philip U., a
PeUe, Charles R.,
Quest, John P., ft
Rooney, Daniel,
Rnnney, William,
Riley, James,
Robinson, Calvin,

* This Company bad in all 164 Men.

h,u&,-; ., A.

pp, Theodore X.,
'er, Frank,
Iu7, James,
b, Jamei D.,
Henry K.,
)lsler, Frederic,
cwood, Sidney B.,
r, Finton,
b, George, a
r, Georife,
omn, Henry,
rence, Bdwin 0., b

[VUMX, PlTIB,

nigbt, Mortimer,
fftn, John,
[anni, Hngh,
on, Cnrtta,
Itt, H. A. D., <. a
and, Charles, d
ir, John 8.,
ler, Joseph,
}ney, John,
le, Ezra,
on, Peter,
Iham, William,
ats, Denmis,
en, Thomas, a
r, Albert,
r, Alhannan,
>, Henry, b

IT, JlBSB,

ir, Clandlus,
, Albert Y.,
, Philip H., a
, Charles B.,
t, John P., b
ey, Daniel,
ey, WiUiam,
, James,
ison, Calvin,

Fifth New York Cavalry.

881

Rrsssix, WiujAM P.,
KnKg, Hilss.
Richards, Frank,
Reynolds, Charles J.,
Bkith, Jaios Q,, a
Smith, John, a
Smith, Darid A.,
Sythofi; Henry A.,
8iH>, PmB A.,
Bterens, George,
Simpson, Bei^amin,
Sparlr,, Elijah,
St. Clair, Nelson, a
Sandlspree, Paul, 1.
Slmonson, Frederick, a

Bchlapfsr, John,
Stmts, Charles O., a
Stone, Nelson J.,
Scott, William J.,
Sweeney, John D,,
St. Clair, Joseph,
Starks, William, b
Taft, Henry,
Tardy, Aoguste, a
Trainor, Michael, b
TuKKiB, Bnt/Ainif,
Tittle, Frederick, a
Townsend, Samnel, a
Taylor, John,
Utter, Jamsi,

Unwin, Edward, a
Watson, William, :
Wells, AlArod,
Waogh, Albert B.,
Walders, Charles, b
White, Charles H.,
Williamson, James,
Walker, Albert G.,
White, Isaac,
Wallace. Matthew L., a
Wharton, Robert, a
Tagle, Joseph, 1. a
Tonta, William, a
Zimmerman, Baldwin,
Cratty, John Ii.

%*J

r *

5^ii^^^^^^^^^^ii^^#^wWiS!*^^*^^

882

Historic Records.

i»

AnwiD, Jededlnh D.,
Akeni, David,
Arvt, MHrlln,
AljitRr. Alunxn,
Acker, l)e Witt,
Acker, Wallace,
IllrdMall, Cheater K.,
Bot;ardn«, (ieorge A.,
I><>KardaB, Joreinlali,
HogardiiH, William U.,1.
Burn*, JamcR, 1.
BlHliup. Walter J.,
Blunt, Edmund, Jr.,
Bebon, Juaepli, a
Brown, Abnun T., a
Bruwn, John,
Blanchard, Ilenry B.,
Burton, Ezra,
Brando, Lewia,
BitiiwEMAN, Andrew,
Crani, William, 1.
Colo, John J., a
Coon, Alfred,
Cole, John,
Clongh, George 8.,
Cloagh, Jeremiah J.,
Chapman, \ ''illiam,
Crandall, Edwin,
Conine, William H.,
Dx Witt, Oblian, S. a
Uongherty, John, a
Davis, Michael,
Cuvall, John W.,
Daines, Arnold P.,
Deitz, Arthur H.,
Deer, Jacob,
Dimmick, Eugene O., 1.
De Long, Ira,
Dennis, William H.,
Delano, Charles,

Company M.*

DepfiW, Munes,
Drixcoll, James,
Dp|)«w, James,
Dowllng, llcnry,
Erdman, Louis, a
Edwards, James,
Edwards, William H.,
Fricke, Charles,
Flemming, Samuel,
Frank, OonrHKY, a
Frazler, Francis U.,
Feen, John, 1.
Fryhoon, James H., a
Frvellug, John, e
Fulton, Philip 8.,
Foster, James P.,
Finlay, James,
Fenner, Charles,
Fenner, James,
Ficro, James,
Gardner, Leslie,
Goodscll, Timothy M.,
Graves, Hiram T.,
Garvcy, James,
Hcddle, William,
Hoover, James,
Haines, John H., b
Howe, Ralph, 1.
Hoover, Augustus,
Hulman, Helvln,
Horton, J. Goodrich,
Havey, Jotm,
Heckerman, Thomas,
Holleubecl^ Eugene,
Hawes, Leroy, 1.
Hoilenbeck, Charles W.,
Haley, John F.,
Ilaney, John D.,
Hoyt, William F.,
Hayes, Peter,

Jones, William A., a
Jackson, John,
Johnson, William H.,

KlVILAND, HlNBT, a

Kceler, Egbert,
Knhn, Bttrnard,
Kulin, Daniel, b
LowiK, Oliver C,
Locke, John,
Lutb, Charles,
Lewis, Jocob 8.,
Lawrence, Natlutnlel,
Lohman, Axel 8.,
Lowe, Abraham,
Lucklow, Philip,
Lowe, Levi F.,
Lee, Jotu H,,
Lee, George 8. W.,
Lucas, C'liarles B,,
Lynch, John,
Moore, Philip H,, a
Moore, Franklin,
McCann, John F., a
McAllister, Peter, a
Mc(jrady, James, b
McGready, Hugh,
McCarthy, Daniel,
Morton, Edward,
Myles, John,
Markham, William S.,
Murray, Thomas,
Morris, Henry, b
Magher, John,
Morse, Harrison,
Harston, Brastue D.,
Mahue, Joha,
Matthews, OeorgeA.,
Matthews, Laurence A.,
Mead, William H.,
Hickle, Peter,

• This Company had in all 186 Men.

^•H'l

Fifth Nkw York Cavalry.

333

in(-«, Wim»mA., o
ii'ksun, John,
uhiiiun, WDliam H.,

IVII.AND, niNBT, a

eoler, Stcbcrt,

iilin, B<Timr(l,

aim, Daniel, A
, Oliver C,

(K-ke, John,

iith, Cliarlea,

■wl«, Jocob 8.,

wroiico, Mattuuilel,

uliDisn, Axel 8.,

)we, Abraham,
ucklow, Philip,
i>we, Levi P.,
BO, John H.,
!0, Geot^e 8. W.,
ica», Charles B.,
'Dch, John,
oore, Philip R„ a
oore, Franklin,
cCann, John F., a
cAIIUter, Peter, a
cGrady, Jamea, 4
cGready, Hugh,
cCarthy, Daniel,
>rton, Itdward,
rica, John,
irkham, William D.,
irray, Thomas,
irrla, Henry, b
igher, John,
irgo, Harrleoo,
rston, Brestns D.,
hue, Joha,
tthewa, George A.,
tthewa, Lau'ence A^
ad, William H.,
:kle, Peter,

Mliini'fli'y, ChArlea,
Maliar, John,
Martin, Hawley, ft
MiirrtiHin, WluUm,
Noef. I'nilo,
O'hiiiirkit, Patrick,
OilHl, Oliver,
Oaki.it, Wilbur F., 3.
(Nbom, George C, 6
Piiiiltney, Robert,
Pllmley, George P.,
P»mK, Oln«t,
."iTfHiB, Saji'l T. B.,
I'lli'lcr, Samuel, a
(Jiilmby, Ephralm,
KafTiTly, Petor,a
HiMit, Ocorge O.,

RlZIR, WlUJAW,

Riiwell, William,
Ri-yniildd, John C, 1.
Ryan, Michael, 6
Rice, George P.,
Raliiuy, James,

Ryan, John,
Rowe, John,
RiKkafeltow, Horace,
hugif, George, W., a
Reevoa, William, o
Bhopard, Chnrlea,
Smith, Charles D., a
Smith, Henry, 1.
Smith, Frank,
Smith, Charles R.,
Sharkey, Edward, e
Scntt, Ellsha B.,
Strent, Jacob,
Swintz, Jacob, a

SPAHN, JORN,

Shoemaker, John W.,
Saunders, Carmine,
Spencer, Andrew K.,
Seaman, Samuel,
Swan. Thomas H.,
Sbonksat, Jamks. 1
Schadler, Ixiuls,

Ten Broeck, 8amu':l, tt
Thavir, Ji;sTtT*, 1.
Th<>ruton, J. Chauncey,
Ten Byck, Jacob II.,
Ten Byck, Edward.
Tripp, Usvl.
Van Ness, Harmon R.,
Van Loan. Jacob U..
Van Gorder, Ellas,
Whitcomb, W. H., \.a
Winnie, Peter,
Wallace, Edward,
Walt, Richard, B.,
Warner, Edward B.,
Warner, William,
Werner, William,
Williams, Samuel,
Woodbridge, Henry N.,
Waldolph, William P.,
Tence, John E.,
Zimmerman, Fred,
Zimmerman, Jacob,

NoTi 1. — Great labor has been bestowed upon this Hnstor. Should Inac-
cnracies occur, or some men foil to recive due notice or their casualties, it
mnat be attributed to the want of documents for reference. In some Instan-
ce!,—as in Gen. Banks' Retreat flrom Strasbnrg, — company papers were lost.
However, it Is to be lamented that fbU documents were not kept more
generally.

Note 3.— Many of the men marked Vktbbans, were not originally with
the regiment, bnt Joined it after iiavlng aarved two years or more, in soma
other organization.

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APPENDIX.

Yielding to an urgent desire and request of my many
subscribers and friends, I append to these Records the fol-
lowing selections from the files of the weekly journal, which
I pulilished or road, to the prisoners, while confined in
Libby Prison. It may serve to illustrate more clearly than
it has been done in the body of the work the tout entemhle
of that dark period in the history of thousands of our
loldiers.

DITOTBD TO TUCrtB AKD Vtm.

Vol. I.] Xi66y Priton, Richmond, Va., Augutt 2Ut, 1868. [No. I.

Prospectus.*
The Ziiiy Chronicle will be issued weekly, from Prisoner
k Co.'s steam press of thought. Such will be the equali-
lation of labor among those engaged in the enterprise, that
this publication can be afforded at very low rates. Price of
subscription, weekly, one moment's good attention, in-

' Eight numbers of the Chroniele were issued.

1*i'

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Historic Records.

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variably in advance. These terms being comp'led with, the
paper will be forwarded postage free.

With such facilities before the public foi- obtaining UBef'al'
knowledge, it is needless to state that wo expect an extensire
patronage. Our adherence to facts, vhich are always the
most stubborn arguments, ard ta the motto that
" A little nonsense now and then,
Is relished by the wisest men,"

is a full gur.rantee to our patrons that they will ever obtain
an ample equivalent for their subscription price. We can-
not very well forbear mentioning that the contributors to
our columns are among the most eminent of the land, in-
cluding the skillful lawyer, the sedate judge, the erudite
priest, the amusing comedian, the renowned legislator, and
BCOi-es of others from the various walks of life, whose cou-
uection with our periodical places success beyond a doubt.
As we make our humble bow to the public, we hope that
progress may mark our course in every department of our
work, until the / ibb^ Chronicle, its editor and publisher,
its friends and patrons, will find themselves sailing toward
the North Laud of liberty and civilization.

Kansas Brigade's Version of John Brown.

John Brown's body lies mouldering in the grave,

While weep the sons of bondage whom 'ae ventured all to save,

And though he lost his life in strugglirig for the slave,

His soul is marching on. — CnoBtis.
John Brown was s hero, undaunted, true and brave,
Kansas knew his valor when he fought her rights to save,
And though the grass grows green hbove his northern grave,

His soul is maroliing on. — Chobhs.

Ig conip'ied with, the

c foi- obtaining useful ■
fc expect an extensire
hich are always the
lottc that
od then,
t men,"

Iicy will ever obtain
'oa price. We can-
t the contributors to
ent of the land, in-
e judge, the erudite
wned legislator, and
H of life, whose ecu-
cess beyond a doubt,
public, we hope that
•y department of our
iitor and publisher,
selves sailing toward
ion.

John Brown.

rave,

ntured all to gave,

the slave,

! on. — Caoacs.

I brave,
ghts to save,
northern grave,
on. — Chorus.

Fifth New York Cavaluy.

837

He captured Harper'c Ferry with bis nineteen men so few,

And frightened "Old Virginny" till she trembled through and

through;
They hung him for a traitor — ihorai'ulveH a traitor crew.

But his sotil 18 marching on. — Chorus.

The conflict that be heralded he looks from heaven to view.
On the army of the Union with her Hag, rod, while and blue.
And heaven shall ring with anthems o'er the deeds we mean to do,
As we go marching on. — Chobvs.

0 soldiers of Columb'a, then strike, while strike you .nay,
The death-blow of oppression in this better time and way,
And the dawn of old John Brown will brighten into day.
As we go marching on. — Cuoius.
Captain,

"South Window," Libby Prison; Rich.mond, Va.
No. 1.

Mr. Editor : Who among your hearers have not felt as
the writer feels to-day, weary and worn out with the dull
monotony of prison life ? There is no future here ; night
and day succeed one another with but the same scene, the
same fruitless longing for liberty. Even these more than
precious letters, brief mementos of the dear ones at home,
make the bitterness of captivity but the deeper. Many, if
not all of us, have faced death on the battle field and are
willing to do so in our Country's cause again ; but who,
once released; would yield to see the walls of Libby Prison
or.ce more ? True, thi i rome have been unfortunate enough
to now be prisonerp of war a second, and, in one instance,
we believe, a third time, — such are entitled to our sympathy.
They are indeed sufferers.

'ill,:

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Historic Rkcords.

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Am I harping, Mr. Editor, on a threadbare theme ? I
crave pardon. A fit of the blues is on me to-day, and what
I write partalces of it. Even the heavens are overcast with
clouds.

" The autumn days haye come
The saddest of the year.—"

We take a sidelong glance from our "south window," and
see away off in the distance a portion of Belle Isle, occupied
by thousands of our brave men. Poor fellows! There lot
is, while it lasts, even worse than ours. —

Hark, what sound breaks from the depths below our feet ?

"Mess No. , dinner." We go, Mr. Editor, we go.

Sorrowfully we lay our pen aside, hoping when we write
.again, to reach a more cheerful result.

Au revoir. Black bean soup awaits us.

Captain P.

Conundrums.

Q. In what respect do the officers confined in Libby re-
semble Dives in the parable ?

Ans. They are looking to Abraham for comfort.

Q. Why is an elephant like a pile of brick f

Ans. Because neither can climb a tree.

Q. Why •■«! our soup in Libby like the stuff of which
dreams are made ?

Ans. Because it is a body without substance.

4-4

idbare theme ? I
to-day, aad what
are overcast with

nth window," and
ille Isle, occupied
diows ! There lot

18 below our feet f

. Editor, we go.

when we write

Captain P.

aed in Libby re-

lomfort.

2k?

stuff of which
nee.

Fifth New Yokk Cavalry. 889

Castlb Thunder.

FAST I.

On Gary street, in Richmond, there is a mongrel den

Of thievee, sneaks, and cowards, mixed up with gentlemen.

Oh, it is a shame to huddle in together

Men and beasts, wild and tame, like birds of every feather.

The Eeb. authorities scared up this living wonder,

Made it a prison, and named it Castle Thunder.

Here they tumble in characters of every hue,

Reprobates steeped in sin with the Christian and the Jew.

Conscripts by the dozen, at daylight and after dark.

Come pouring in the Castle like animals in the ark ;

Some are small, some are great, some show pluck, some white liter,

Some from Mississippi state and " Goobers" from Tar river.

Substitutes and deserters come in in sorry plight,

And sub-gents, too, are hero quartered for the night.

Blockade runners, also, are shut up for a warning.

But seldom leave, as promised, early the next morning.

While on Potomac's banks both parties try to nab 'em,

If they escape the Yanks, old JefiF. is sure to grab 'em.

So-called spies are castled here, who think it real hard luok,
They are all from mkeedom, excepting one Kennuck ;
Disloyalists are also here, and one for being a gnide,
9 boys call him Doodlebug, for piloting Burnside.
V also have an oyster man, who the oflioers discover,
Ws. Union on the York but Seoesh on James river.
Par: first tells you where the Castle is and who are there,
Part second will disclose the manner of our fare.

We have a doten rooms or more, *ndin some two or three,

The boys wear handoufifs, balls and chains — Confederate jewelry.

Some rest on cots, on boards, with blankets, some without them,

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And when (hey get to sleep the big hugs often rout them;

They never sleep in quiet though ever so much drowsy,

For the vermin are so thick and big, the lice themselves are loiigy.

We have eighteen kinds of food, though 'twill stagger your belief,

We have bread, beef and soup, and bread, soup and beef;

Then we separate about, with twenty in a group.

And get beef, soup and bread, and beef, bread and soup ;

For our dessert we obtain, though it costs us nary red,

Soup, bread and beef, and beef, soup and bread.

The bread we usually get is of a very good sort,

True, it is the staff of life, but our staff is rather short.

Our beef's so lean and dry, that, swallowing, it will bound back,

Unless we recollect afore, to try to grease the track.

It is too tough and strong, for our noses or our knives.

The cattle were so poor aud thin, were killed to save their lives.

The hides are made up into shoes, the sinews into strings,

The mcrrow into soup, and the bones in pretty rings.

Our soup is much too weak, to please a very high liver,

'Tis made of beans, bugs and rice, and extract of James river.

Now I've told you what we eat, whether we're well or sick,
What we drink is never strong though sometimes rather thick.
Our drink is rarely river water, except to save from death,
And then for want of whiskey we smell an officer's breath.
Meat and drink are now so scarce as to raise a serious doubt,
Whether the Confederacy is not about played out.
Number one and two you've heard, and now in division third,
I will say a word about the way we are officered.

PART III.

Military officers of the very meanest stuff,

For every local post, are oontidered good enough.

In officering Richmond they varied not the general rule,

To appoint a drunkard, a tyrant, a coward or a fool.

It is plainly to be seen that in a little while

When Salnn fccoopes his jewels up, in Biohmond he'll get a pile.

■'i'ias.-

Fifth New York Cavalry.

841

rout tbem;
I drowsy,

hem selves are lougy.
stagger your b«Uef,
p and beef;
up,

and soup ;
lary red,
d.

er short.

t will bound back,
track.
' knives.

to save their lives.
Into strings,
r rings,
igh liver,
of James river.

well or sick,
nes rather thick.

from death,
cer's breath.
I serious doubt,
out.

a division third,
ed.

igh.

aeral rule,
a fool.

id he'll get a pile.

At the head of Richmond post they've placed a Marylander,

And like the devil in regions lost there sits General Winder.

He snaps and snarls, he rips and swears, whether sober or tight,

The old villain's heart's as black as his bead is white.

All through this vicinity they hate him as hard as they can,

Kor ever slander him with epithet of decent man.

However mean, he's a patriot, that may be undertttond.

For when he left the Yankee land, 'twas for his country's good.

We come to Major Griswold. who is our Provost Marshal,
He's a little prejudiced, which makes him rather partial ;
15ut when compared to Winder he seems no virtue to lack.
As green is almost white by the side of jet black.

And there's Judge Baxter, who also is a queer old case,

He has so large a centre he can hardly change his base.

He says whiskey's adangerous thing to have about the town,

So, with all his might, he's for putting whiskey down.

Whiskey is fifty cents a drink, and of the meanest sort,

The Judge, to get his money's worth, swallows it by the quart.

I win slyly tell you, boys, if your money you begrudge,

How to get your whiskey cheap — step up and tap the judge.

In the door of the castle, like a stopple in a jug.

To shut the prison's mouth, they've stuck a Baltimore plug ;

It is Captain Alexander, who is so cross and spunky,

He is certainly not fit to command an oyster pungy.

The captain is such a case as may be often seen,

Wlio thinks he's very smart; but is invisible green |

He is a thundering blower, but would not dare lo flght.

As dogs that bark the loudest are seldom known to bite.

Yet he has streaks of good, as well as mean, miKsd for relitf,

The first are scarce and thin like fat in Confederate beef.

He also came from Maryland, ami meen as Nick can make him,

And the reason why we keep him is because the devil won't tak*

him.

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IIisToiuc Records.

Allen 18 a smooth old rat, that is truthfully said,

He shines with blnck from boots to hat, his face shines with red;

He pours down whiskey double-quick, there is no doubt of that;

Sometimes he makes believe he's sick but it's a brick in his hat.

Uld Allen is a villam of the Tery darkest stripe,

He'll go home to purgatory as soon as he is ripe.

And if he does not blow off steam and soon shut down the brakes

In a dream of delerium he'll find his boots are full of snakes.

He has an oily tongue and face full of deceit and evil.

And should Old Nick miss that scape-grace, there's no need of a

devil.

A Pkivatb.

Facts and Fun.

I am one of those who have derived much information
from the facta which have been demonstrated, and much
amusement from the fun which has been generated in the
columns of the Chronicle. We have been favored with
statements and demonstrations of facts pertaining to almost
every subject of public interest. Creeds of religion and po-
litical faith have wisely been excluded from the /act depart-
ment of this association. No one could consistently with
tne objects of the association and the courtesy due individual
members thereof, lead off with a bigoted or partisan state-
ment and denunciation, which would necessarily be offensive
to others, and would, if replied to in the same spirit, lead
here as elsewhere, to recriminations, disputes and disunion.

We are gratified to observe that this principle has com-
mended itself to all, and that such questions have not been
obtruded upon ground sacred to instruction.

Success to the "stubborn" department of the Ljceum,
and may matters of personal experience, travels, history,

W"P

Fifth Nbw York Cavalry.

348

shines with red ;
0 doubt of that ;
irick in his hat.

down the braltes,
ill of snakes.
I evil,
re's no need of a

A Pbivatb.

iich information
tted, and much
«nerat«d in the
n favored with
lining to almost
religion and po-
the fact depart-
onsistently with
y due individual
•r partisan atate-
irily be offensive
Eime spirit, lead
iS and disunion,
nciple has com-
is have not been

)f the L;)ceum,
travels, history,

science witb its innumerable branches, extending from the
depths of the earth to regions above and beyond our ken,
the arts and graces, Christianity and patriotism, never lack
for able defenders and expounders, and the meetings of the
association will not lack in interest, nor the speakers or
readers for appreciative listeners. In tbe stubbornness of
fact is found a self-suppoi ting dignity.

Fun, on the contrary, is apt, inside and outside of our
circle, to degenerate into folly. The harmless play of seven
and eight P. M. has, at nine or ten, degenerated into pro-
fanity and obscenity, which wisely await darkness before
coming forth to disturb the sleep and sensibilities of the
majority of the officers here confined. Inside our circle
great care is necessary lest the joke grate too harshly on
rough edge or straight edge.

Of this food so healthful for body and mind we should
seek the highest and best, by keeping watch and ward over
our unruly members, and carefully analyzing and examining
those specimens which are recognized models of wit. When
well executed the burlesque is, perhaps, the happiest style
of wit. May our /an never grow less in quantity or quality.

Yive la Bagatelle.

Major P.

Newb of Libbt.

Monday, September 28tb, 12 M.
Rumored that the exchange oommissioners did not meet
yesterday as was expected.

Four P. M. Rumor says that the United States commis-
sioners, having heard of Spencer Kellogg's execution, imme-
diately returned without awaiting the arrival of the Confede-

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Historic Records.

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rate States troop, and that there will be no exchange of
prisoners soon.

September 29th. As a result of yesterday's news tlie
spirits are drooping in all, except those of the huxtering
fry, who seem to have renewed their diligence.

September SOth. We have news from a reliable source,
that all the Federal officers are to be paroled and sent north
on the next truce boat.

Three p. m. Since receiving the above telegram we have
received information that no exchange or parole is to occur,
as the exchange agents have not acceeded to any proposi-
tions yet oflFered, and that the next truce boat will bring
blanketfi and clothing for the Libby family.

October 1st. The huxtering fry say they will allow fruit
to be conveyed down Red Lane pike, if the teamsters will
allow them a profitable remuneration.

Latest from the hospital, four and one half p. M. A United
States gun-boat brought dispatches that no exchange even
of privates would be allowed until the case of Kellogg is
satisfactorily explained.

Still later, nine P. M. The commissioners are to meet on
the 3d October. The United States commissioner will bring
six gun-boats along to protect the white flag.

Yours,

Jack Rumortrap.

"South Window."
No 2.

Shall I tell you why, Mr. Editor, that ensconced in this
out-of-the-way corner, close to this cross-barred frame, why
I call it my South Window ? Because memory reverts to

SSU".

,> '^

Fifth New York Cavalry.

345

no ezchango of

rday's news tlie
of the huxtering

uce.

» reliable source,
ed and sent north

telegram we have
parole is to occur,
sd to any proposi-
boat will bring

sy will allow fruit
he teamsters will

If P. M. A United
0 exchange even
use of Kellogg is

rs are to meet on
issioner will bring

: RUMORTRAP.

nsconced in this
irred frame, why
emory reverts to

another scene and time in by-gone days, when a fair bright
face oft watched adown the road, the first to welcome the
toiler home. I wonder if she sits in that "south window"
nuw and waits the wanderer's return ?

Ah, Mr. Editor, whose heart so cold it would not warm
with thoughts like these ? Ever as memory goes back to
those fast-growing far distant hours 1 picture my happy
lionie. Situated a few miles away from the busy hum of
the metropolis on a little bay, nestled among a magnificent
1,'ruve of chesnuts, hid by them from the sight of the passer
by, is my home.

There at night, after the work of the day, have I retired
in keen enjoyment of the comforts of a happy home, sur-
rounded only by those who love. Such a life is almost the
poet's dream of Elysium. There in the early mists of the
morning have I mounted my horse for a ride along the sea-
Bhore, or through the clover fields ; or In the moonlit sum-
mer's evening have unfurled the sails of my "Bonny" yacht
and glided on the smooth surface of the bay, hour ailer
hour, happy in forgetfulness of all save the present. This,
in all its wide meaning, is home.

And here, Mr. Editor, the ofVrepeated prayer arises, may
the day soon come, when you and I, and all of r^, shall
leave our prison abode, and be permitted to clasp our loved
ones in a warm embrace, when the dismal clouds of war are
scattered, and the sunshine of peace shall fall upon a reu-
nited land.

Once more, Au revair.

Capiain p.

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846

Historic Eeoobds.

(Written exprewly for the LlDby ChronUtt.)
ThC LiBBYAD.

"Of Libby'sjioe to us th« direful apring
Of woM annumbar«d, heavenl/ muaes iiing."

Homer moderniied.
Think not mj theme lo trifling, none you can meution,
Ueoeivea in Libby half lo muoh attention.
A phonographic clan of half a doien score,
In one short week, falls off a half or more ;
French, too, and Spanish, as all can plainly see,
Lose their students in the same degree ;
But who so laiy, so busy, or so nice,
Neglects to giT« an hour each day to lice,
Will be beset with troubles great and small.
And have hard scratching to get along at all.
If poeU write of battles 'twixt ftrogs and mice,
Why not of skirmishes 'twixt men and lice T
And while these Terses rude we are enditing.
Look 'round to see the different styles of fighting.

Watch Fngilisticus, he in a trice,
Pulls off his dirty shirt to fight his lice ;
His muscles thus of cumbrous duds bereft.
See with what science he " puts in his left"
Upon the bodies of his luckless brood,
And Pngilisticns has gained '< first blood."
With double i .ry he "puts in his right,"
And PugilisticuB has " won the fight."

And there's Historious, with scabby back.

Would trace their history as he hears them crack ;

Wonders if these lice bear the same description,

As those once scratched by Pharaoh and the Egyptians.

He tries, in vain, from facts and from analogy.

To thread their lineage and genealogy.

ling."

omer modtrniied.

au oaa m«ulio&,

in.

ore,

)re;

ainly lee,

le,

mall,

at all.

d mios,

lioeT

liting,

of fighting.

•eft,
left"

)d."

ok,

hem oraok ;

loription,

id the Egyptian!.

analogy,

Fifth New York Cavaluy. 347

He learns, ImweTer, irith rery little paine,

The proudoal blood of Llbby is flowing in their veini.

He marks, too, that the death ')f tli«He, his little foes.

Is not as ignominious as thoughtless men suppose.

Siscra, a great warrior, was slain by Jael,

With those unwarlilte weapons, a hammer and a nail,

While to slay these, so very much abused.

Although tlicr. be no hammer, two nails are always used.

Mark now Gallantrlous, that nice young man,
With taper fingers made to wi-^ld a lady's fan.
Much disgusted, see him huiuing, half ashamed of being seen,
Thinks it " very unprelty," lico should stay in «hirt so clean.
See now his handsome visage, wnat contortions and grimaces!
As if to scare the nasty things, by making ugly faces.
What would she think, his would-be, future spouse,
To see him strip and squat and grin and louse ?

Behold TheologiouB, with reverend lace,

Peering with care in every hiding place.

And while his little flock crawls 'round through heaps of slain,

Such thoughts as these come crawling through his brain:

What if 'midst all the creeds and doctrines which so stagger us,

That should be true announced by old Pythagoras I

That after death men's souls instead of going

To heaven or hell according to the showing

Uf orihodosy teachers, simply go forth

To inhabit birds and beasts, insects and so forth

Base or noble as their lives may show forth.

Most in this prison, if I judge aright,

Will live in noble beasts and birds of lofty flight.

But some there are, who'U live again as hogs.

Some skunks, some asses, some as snappish dogi.

A very few have souls so small and base

That even such as these they would disgrace.

Crammed in this loathsome prison, scorned like slaves,

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848

Historic Records.

IniuUed, slarTcd by coward traitor knaTei,
The men who in our lufferini; have betrayed ua,
And fawn on tboie who brutally degrade ui,
Even auch email aouls, will find a fitting nice,
And lire hereafter, in loathsome Libby'a Hoe.

There'a Philosophious, with thoughtful brow.

Who know* the " why" of eyerything, the " what" and " how."

He watched his louse to learn each aecret habit.

Before with bloody fanga he proceeda to grab it.

Beea it in ita ooiy neat recline,

Marka it making love and obaerTea it dine.

With wise diaorimination he can trace

The difference 'twixt the louae and bedbug race —

But I'll cease aoratihing linea and acratoh •' Sootoh-fiddle"

tunea.
At aomething crawling in my pantaloona.

LiBUTBXANT CoLOHlIi W.

Libby Prison, Richmond, Va., September 26th, 1863
To His Excellency, Augustus W. Bradford,

Governor of Maryland,

Sir: We, the undersigned officers of your state, now
suffering the privations of prison life, though conscious that
we are not forgotten by you, would nevertheless urge upon
your consideration the importance of making ft personal
effort for our release, should such effort be found practi-
cable. Our imprisonment has become almost intolerable.
Depri-'ed as we have been, so long, of the sweet sunshine
and pure air, also of our accustomed diet when fretv we
have gradually sunken under the debilitating influence.

Scrofulous and dropsical diseases have already manifested
their alarming syroptons among us, and will doubtless prove
fatal in many cases, unless we are soon released. Our fel-

•mm>

Fifth New York Cavaihy.

849

ei,
lyed ui,

nice,
Hoe.

irow,

" what" »nd "how."

habit,
grab it.

low-Bufferer, Major Morris, but recently fell a Tictim to our

wretched condition. OtherH will probably soon follow him.

Can anything be done for us ? Our prayer is brief, but

earnest.

We are, respected Sir,

Your obedient servants, &0.

(Signed by many officers of the state of Maryland).

ug raoe —

h " Sootoit-fiddU"

■RANT COLOHBL W.

nber 26th, 1863

DFOBD,

ernor of Maryland,
)f your state, now
lugh oonsoious that
rthelesB urge upon
naking ti personal
b be found practi-
almost intolerable.
;he sweet sunshine
let when free; we
ting influence,
already manifested
ill doubtless prove
eleased. Our fel-

Who IB RfHPONHIBLE FOR NON-EXCHANQE OF PbIBONKBB?
ST I.1BUTB1IAMT OOLOIIRL X.

It is with much regret that we announce the fact to the
readers of the Chronicle, that there are those among the
officers now confined in this delectable (?) locality, ycleped
Libby, who are uttering curses, "not loud, but deep,"
against our government, for permitting them to remain here
»o long. These officers evince more of the spirit of spoiled
I'liiUlren, than of that manly courage and patience which
bhould characterise the actions of the American officer and
soldier.

The officer who utters complaints against our government
fur his continued incarceration, shows that he does not under-
Htund the principles involved in the controversy, in relation
to the exchange of prisoners, or else he is prompted by mo-
tives altogether selfish and unpatriotic. The exchange of
officers was suspended in consequence of the unfair proceed-
ings of the Bebel authorities, about the first of June, in
retaining certain officers in an unjust and arbitrary manner.
Among those thus retained were Colonel Streight's officers,
Captain McKee, of the Fourteenth Kentucky Cavalry, and
Lieutenant Conn, of the Second Virginia Cavalry. Our

'%•

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J; "I

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•;i'';-i*Vi»* ■*-'-* •'

^«^s^,^fy^.'^f^^if^'90^m^^0%^0,'Pm

850

Historic Records.

..i'l'

}

commissioner, o i discovering this injustice, respectfully in-
formed the ReVel commissioner, that all exchange of officers
would be suspended, until the Rebels would exchange officer
for officer and man for man, according to rank and to date
of capture.

The Rebels, at that time, were anticipating a series of
successes, which they have not realized, though they persist,
with a dogged obstinacy, in the unjust course which they
had marked for themselves. Instead of removing obstacles
which they had thrown in the way of the cartel, they con-
tinue to increase those obstacles, by high-handed acts of
injustice and cruelty, and make the affair more complicated.
All that ii necessary, is to return to the cartel and proceed
as formerly. When the Rebels do this, our government is
ready to exchange, but until then, it acts properly in refus-
ing to "xchango. A partial or special exchange would leave
many an unfortunate prisoner, exposed to even worse insults
and indignities, than now. The suspension of the cartel
will doubtless continue until the Rebels are willing to con-
duet the exchange on fair principles, and every patriotic
officer should submit to his sad fate with manly fortitude.

Our government has not forgotten us, but, on the con-
trary, it is pursuing that course which will result to our
advantage. Should partial exchanges be made, a portion
of the officers would be held as hostages, confined in wretched
cells, and reserved for hanging or sheeting, for the amuse-
ment and recreation of the chivalry. Such exchanges
would add to the comfort of some, but would increase the
Bufferings of others. What officer is so devoid of humanity
ae to be willing to accept his personal liberty at such
expenso? If there be any such in Idbby, ttry had better

Fifth Kew York Cavalry.

361

le, respectfully in-
^change of officers
exchaflge officer
I rank and to date

ating a series of
ougli they persist,
urse which they
emoving obstacles
3 cartel, they con-
i-handed acts of
more complicated,
irtel and proceed
)ur government is
properly in refus-
lange would leave
even worse insults
sion of the cartel
re willing to con-
id every patriotic
lanly fortitude,
but, on the con-
rill result to our
made, a portion
fined in wretched
?, for the amuse-
Such exchanges
lid increase the
oid of humanity
liberty at such
ttfj had better

tender their "immediate and unconditional" resignation, as
soon as possible, and retire to their own place. But, in the
language of Holy Writ, let us " endure hardness as good
soldiers," trusting in nr God of battles to deliver us; assured
also that we are not forgotten by father Abraham, who is
evidently doing all that justice and mercy can prompt him
to do for our relief. While it is well for us to invite the
aid of our influential friends in th^ north, in this matter of
exchange, it is equally proper to bide our time with patience
and resignation.

"South Window."
No 8.

October, 1st, 1863.

Amidst the excitements of ''fresh fish"i (and this is ever
a fishy place) and exchange, there has been little time of
lato to write, and even now your correspondent knows of
little that will interest your htirers. "Changing, forever
clianging; so runs on the petty pace from day to day," says
the poet, and how has its truthfulness been proven during
the few weeks pa.st. Victory and defeat have hovered o'er
our country's banners, and as we watch to see the smoke
of battle roll away, we see the red result — a result which
we, men of war, have seen but too often.

■ Whenever a company of prisoners was seen approaching Libby,
the cry, "fresh fish 1" " fresh fish 1" was made within, followed by a
nmh to the fi'ont windows, to get a glimpse of the uew comers. As
they generally had friends in the prison, and were bearers of the
If»t!»st reliable news from the army, on being introduced into the
rooms, they were surrounded by an eager tlirong, and a shower
of questions was raincJ upon them. Those were seasons of great
pxcitement.

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362

ilisTouic Records.

•XI

Vast armit umbered by ibeir tens of thousands, j»o
crashing togetiu ■ , steel clashes against steel, fire responds
to fire ; the one recoils, and again amid the whistling ball
and hurtling shell, the scene is rctinacted, until the one,
weaker and worn out, is hurled back, whipped, defeated,
routed. They, who were brave men an hour before, on
losing hope, fly for safety under some impregnable fortress.
Thus, though, Mr. Editor, has it not been with our valiant
army of the Cumberknd.

Forced into a battle without position, what did our brave
Rosecriiiis? Witli numbers small ir comparison to those
of his foe, we see him day after day stubbornly fighting.
At length his linos are driven back, for they cannot reiiist
the foiee that is hurled, coofident in their weight of num-
bers, against them. Back, back they fall, and, in a few
moments more, all will be lost; but see I a form, well knowa
and love<l by each of that gallant army, dashes forward,
scarcely an hundred yarda from the advaacung foe; and
there, amid a storm of buU.ets, which they who were there
tell UH they never saw equaled, right in the jaws of (Jieath,
between the two combatants, their lender ifidea ; his hat is
raised aloft, and he shouts, " Forward men ! Will you let
Hebels drive you back ? Forward ! Crive them the bayonet ! "
And they did ;, the day was saved.

Night came on apace, and, bo quietly that the enemy
knew it not, he fell back to ChattarKM.)ga,, where Braxton
IJragg, with all the appropriat-eneas of hia aame, will
not attempt to attack him. .Better far, and none know
it better than he, to be content with what he lay call a
vict^jry, — a victory indeed in one sense, but certainly a
very barren one.

..»'.a'te<ijitiiMiiiiii^w»ai

thousands, go
1, fir'.i respom^B
whistling ball
until the one,
pped, defeated,
our before, on
gnable fortress.
Tith our valiuut

t did our brave
ttvison to those
(ornly fighting,
ej cannot reuist
weight of num-
, and, in a few
inn, well kuowa
iashes forward,
ncing foe; and
who were there

jaws of death,
'dea; his hati.s

I Will you let
J the bayonet ! "

flat the eneuij
ivboro Braiton
ii« 'jame, will
Qd none know
ho lay call a
at certainly a

KiFTii New Yobk Cavalry.

858

AN Officeb and a Gentleman.

lit lIBUTBH/iNT COLOBBl 8.

It Btill runs in the memory of many, wheni to be an officer
of the American, army, was to be as a covtsequence, ii iijen-
tlen.an and a man of honor. The claimant to official rank,
„f whatever grade, waH ever the vecipient of marked atten-
tion. The announcement of his arrival was paraded in the
jounialB of the day, and the blandest smiles of mina host,
and the cosiest chamber of " mim inn," were instr.ntly at
l>is command. From the great, the learned, the wealthy
and the lair, 'hospitaUtiea, invitations and favors of every
kind were tendered him, and his sojoura in town or coun-
try, was a continuation of f^te days, culmi-aating in intensity
as his leave of absence drew near its close.

"All mevi r«»ore-l hirn, all women loved."
To impugn his character, or to doubt his honor, Hubjeoted
the utterer 'to the closest investigation, or to the stern ar-
bilrameot of arms, while, to him, to fall from his high
position, was a descent second only to that of Lucifer. In
camp, courteovB to bis subordinates, he was ever respectful
to his superiors; and in the field, ho faced the foe, because
the path to glory k through the field of dangtr.

For his associates, with whom ho had encoimtered many
vicissitudes "through field aud flood," he entertained an
affection dearer than the tiei* of r«ktionf,hip ; aiul wai^ ever
ready to aid, support and ddeud them at all hazards. Such
were the life, character and nttribat,^s of au Amcriean officer
at the commencement of this contest ; and whether enroUci
iu defense of constitutional right and a juivl governracn!:,
or engaged in ma-rshalling the ranks of the disloyal and the

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354

Historic Kecords.

traitor, to this day he retains, in an eminent degree, most, if
not all, of tLise virtues.

Let us now turn to the volunteer. Called to arms by his
country's need, the gifted, the honored, the brave, throwing
off the lethargy of peace, donned the uniform of his govern-
ment, and, pledging his life and his sacred honor, rushed to
th 'I defense of a time-honored flag, and the beloved inatitu-
tions of his forefathers. A hearty volunteer in a glorious
cause, he brought with him the enthusiasm of the patriot,
and the loyalty of the citizen; accustomed to comfort and
nurtured in luxury, he endured the privations of the camp
and the bitter experiences of martial life, with cheerfulness
and obedience ; proud of his cause, his country and his uni-
form, he strove so to guide his steps, that each and all
might be honored by his advocacy. Acquainted with the
amenities of civil life ; filled with the recollections of the
social distinctions accorded to the oflicer of former day.s,
and a firm believer in the attributes of the chivalric soldier,
he naturally turned to his immediate associates in arms, for
an e'^'nbition of those characteristics, which have garnishuJ
the pages of history and peopled the world with heroes.

The chiR which nightly awakens the denizens of Libby
by its eager search after the paternal Teet;' to whom the
knowledge of light, air, and impalpable being, is but a thing
of yesterday, is yet old enough to chronicle the downfall of
theso expectations ; and could he answer, young as he is,
his youthful visage would rival, in intensity ^f color, his
spanked extremity, after a severe flagellation by his irate

'Cnptain Joha Teed could imitate the crying of a iittle child so
perfectly, as to render detection almost impossible. Hours of
intense merriment were occasioned by this thing alone.

Fifth New York Cavalrv.

355

U degree, most, if

ed to arms by his
e brave, throwing
nu of his govern-
honor, rushed to
e beloved institu-
tecr in a glorious
lai of the patriot,
d to comfort and
tiou8 of the camp
with cheerfulness
intrjr and his uni-
hat each aud all
juainted with the
icol lections of the
r of former days,
chivalric soldier,
iates in arms, for
i have garnisht'ii
with heroes,
enizens of Libby
tj' to whom the
ig, is but a thing
the downfall of
young as he is,
ity :>f color, his
;ion by his irate

of a little child no
ssible. Hours of
; alone.

ancestor, while recounting the reverse of the picture. For,
did he speak truly, he would tell of the lie bandied, in lieu
of the sacred word of honor ever implied; of the act and
fresture of filth and indecency, iu place of the manly joke
uiul good humored repartee ; of the blasphemous response
1 1 the authorized command of the superior, instead of the
(graceful obedience of the subordinate ; but, worse than all,
ho would t*ll of the rights invaded, the property purloined,
and the pocket rifled of one officer, by his fellow.

Mr. Editor, had such a statement been made in any
journal as respectable as your own, previous to my advent
tij Libby, i would have deemed it my duty to hunt the
anonymous slanderer from Lis secret lair, and nail the cal-
umny to his forehead ; but now, alas, a short but painful
experience in a military prison, has revealed to me, that an
officer and a gentleman are no longer synonyms ; that the
uniform of the soldier may cover the car ass of the sneak,
and the shoulder straps of the officer may serve to conceal
the brand of the thief. Dare any one deny this ? If any
such there be, let them dispassionately investigaie the record
of the past two weeks, and, ere venting their virtuous indigna-
tion, inquire of the first officer they meet of /*('« experience;
or, better, let them consult the official announcement, affixed
to these walls, proclaiming the loss, by theft, of one hundred
and eighty dollars, within the past fortnight; or they may
be enlightened by the recital of innumerable petty larnenies,
minor scoundrelisms and sneaking pilferings, unworthy the
talent J of the meanest thief that ever graduated from the
Fi- - Points. Even the honor which obtains among rogues,
is forgotten, for we have it on record, that thief has robbed
Uiief, and the sneak preyed upon his brother. And yet.

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356

Historic Records.

y si

•' Q

forsooth, these miscreants bear a commission, hold a com-
mand, and, by my manhood, even sport a sword. Of such
men the immortal Shakespeare has written thus :

" He will steal, sir, an egg out of a cloister. He pro-
fesses not keeping of oaths ; in breaking them he is stronger
than Hercules. He will He, sir, with such volubility, that
you would think truth were a fool. Lrunkenness is his
best virtue, for he will be swine-drunk, aud in his sleep he
docs little harm, save to his bed clothes about him ; but
they know his conditions and lay him in straw. I havo
but little more to say, sir, of his honesty ; he has every-
thing that an honest man should not have, what an honest
man should have, he has nothing."

I would not have it understood, Mr. Editor, that a ma-
jority, or even a tenth of our number, are open to these
charges. The bad among us are, I am proud to say, nu-
merically small, but that they are killful and proficient
their present concealment evidences. Brought from the
rariuus armies of the north and west, we are, in a degree,
^otal strangers lo a large number of the present inmates of
IIiIh prison. The very man who shares our plank, is un-
K nown to us, by name or state, and may be, for all we
jcnow, the mirror of knighthood, or the veriest poltroon.

A sufferer by the peculations complained of, we turn in
querulous bas^e, with jealous eye, upon the first comer, and
arc more likely to suspect the innocent, than to detect the
guilty; and we ourselves, while seeking our despoiler, are
in turn susoected by a fellow-sufferer, who deems the eager
looks of the loser, the preying scrutiny of the thief For
cur own sakes, then, let us combine to purge our body of
this moral blot, to rid our profession of this UMVel stain

HEii

FiFTU New York Cavalry.

J57

[ssion, hold a com-

a Bword. Of such

in thus :

cloister. He pro-
them he is stronger
ich volubility, that
Drunkenness is his

at>d in his sleep he
es about him; but

in straw. I havo
sty ; he has every-
ve, what an honest

Editor, that a ma-
are open to these
n proud to say, nu-
Iful and proficient
Brought from the
re arc, in a degree,
present inmates of
our plank, is un-
may be, for all we
ericst poltroon,
led of, we turn in
be first comer, and
than to detect the
our despoiler, are
0 deems the eager
)f the thief. For
surge our body of
f this novel st-ain

To one or the other, the condition and opinion of each and
every man are known. The knave and the coward, under
a close surveillance, must inevitably be discovered, while
the brave and the honorable can rarely be misunderstood.
Murk then every man, by his words and actions. Scan
closely the unguarded movements and desultory remarks
ut' the suspected. Meet cunning with stratagem, and ply
the rogue to his ruin. The cause we advocate and the
uniform we wear, demand that we should expose the un-
worthy and unmask the dishonest; and it is the duty of
every honest man, to bring the r'' "ant thief to that justice
he so much needs and fears.

Written expressly for the Chronidt).

Thk Irruption.*

BT UKUTBITANT N.

'Twas night, and Rebel Libby, wrapped in sleep,
Was hushed to quiet, weird, sublime and deep :
Along the floor the moon's pale, flickering beam,
Athwart each visage, shot with fitful gleam,
As if in pity she did stoop to bless,
And cheer each prisoner with a fond caress.

And what a sight that moon-lit floor displays t
In each pale face, upturned to meet her rays,
She shines resplendent, and paints in colors bright
A cheerful soul within, content and light ;
Tet through its workings, now in fit and start,
Unfolds the sorrows of an anguished heart.

V'tfi,

'iM

'!'S-:;';

* This poem was written eoon after the arrival of oar ofllcen, captured at
Chlckamanga.

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358

IliSTonic Records.

f. I

From scene like this wo turn our weary bead,
To court unwilling Sleep to bless our bed ;
When, hark ! upon the stillness harshly breaks
A sound, that to the base old Libby shakes ;
Like to the war of billows, tempest-clad,
That beat old Ocean's shore, in foment mad.

Or cannon's thunders loud, when heard afar.
In battle's dreadful strife, " grim-visaged war.'
It nearer, louder comes. " What can it be ? "
Each wakened dreamer cries, and starts to see.
And what a sight meets their astonished gaze,
By light of moon and candle's flickering blaze 1

The vandal Yankees, in " irruption " bold,

In numbers seventy and one all told.

Are in a horde dark Libby's cells invading.

And 'long its files with stealthy tread are raiding;

Their guide a contraband : deceitful black.

To thus direct the cunning Yankees' track.

Surprised, awaked by the in-coming foe.
The inmates rise to strike a mortal blow :
Aloft they rise in majesty so grand
These dreamers, this incarcerated band ;
With mingled crios of joy, of fear and rage,
They quickly haste the coming fight to wage ;

When, lo t above the din cries out a wag:
"'Tis not the vandals, only Braxton Bragg,
Who comes to reinforce the garrison.
With gobbled troops of Teuton Rosy'a men "

5 foe,
blow :

and;
id rage,
> to wage ;

wag:
^ragg,
t
8 men "

Fifth New York Cavalry.

LlOIITS AND SUADEH IN LiBBT.

359

No. 1.

[BdUoriat.]

Day dawnf>, and light falls upon the adjacent fields and
waters, and struggles through the barred windows of Libby.
How many it arouses from sweet dreams of home and dnys
of liberty, to look upon solemn prison walls, bare rafters
under the roof, and naked posts and beams. What a con-
trast to the waking scenes of other days !

Scarcely have you made yourself believe that you are a
prisoner of war, when your ear is greeted by a clear voice
Id a broken tongue, which cannot well be mistaken, " All
four copies of de mornin' papers ! " And occasionally, for
mirth's sake, the voice exclaims, "News from Ireland!"
" Full account of de flyin' mule ! " etc. But when our
sable friend, " Old Ben," cries out, " Full statement of
exchange of prisoners ! " there is a general resurrection of
heads and bodies throughout the room, and a large patronage
is enjoyed by the poor slave, who so often has cheered the
inmates of this doleful place by his musical voice and plea-
sant laughter. This is a part of our matinee.

Now there is a pounding and a grating, and no little
rumbling and ratiling. You need not wonder, the cooks
have commenced their work. The stoves fairly groan under
their loads of pots and kettles for coflfee and soup, while their
ovens are pregnant with the accustomed bash and toast.
All day loag this is a source of annoyance or diversion.
There is pounding on the floor for water from below, when
the faucets have been closed ; there is haste to secure the
best pots, kettles and pans for public and private uses ; there

.f.ri<j.

KS:S^:-e-':,isfeio^;:*'^-

ISO

860

Historic Records.

is gouge game and grab game, from head cooks to young
apprentices, and from those who are not cooks at all, while
selfishness and profanity, meanness and brute force miD};le
too frequently in dreadful confusion.

This is only a part of our culinary arrangcmentfl. Long
tables stretch across the room. How munificent the supply
of spoons, knives and forks, as one mess after another appears
fur its refreshments I Our silver and porcelain sets have
turned into rusty tin ; and even worse, for one man is
reduced to eat, d la Turque, with his fingers ; another by
hiu side gulps his soup with a rough wooden spoon, carved
out with his dull jack-knife. Yet, after all, this eating is s
great institution, in which many continually abide, living to
eat, not eating to live, at least if their stores hold out.

Simultaneously with the close of the morning meal ap-
pears the "general," a colored prisoner, whoso chief employ
seems to be to disinfect the rooms, by means of his " Union
smoke," as he loyally calls his fumigations, made from burn-
ing tar. Groups gather around his smoking skillet, enjoy-
ing the " general's " spicy Union talk quite as well as his
disinfectant.

Once a week about this hour a voice is heard announcing
from room to room : " Meeting of the .Debating Club in
upper east room." Then there is a stampede, and a rush to
secure the best seats ! These consist of the dirty floor, upon
which, in semi-circles, the crowd sits like Indian chiefs at a
war council. The scenes, at times presented, are worthy the
pencil of a Raphael, and the pen of an Irving. On his way
to his exalted seat, on a level with the audience, the chair-
man detaches from the bulletin-board the following notice,
which will suggest the order of exercises :

tfk

».»1>S^-

Fifth New Yoek Cavalry.

861

lad cooks to young
t cooks at all, while
brute force ininfjle

rangcments. Long
unifioont the supply
fler another appears
porcelain sets have
le, for one man is
fingers ; another by
Doden spoon, carved

all, this eating is a
ally abide, living to
ores hold out.

morning meal ap-
whose chief employ
eans of his " Union
18, made from burn-
)kiDg skillet, enjoy-
[uite as well as his

9 heard announcing
jOebating Club in
ipede, and a rush to
he dirty floor, upon
9 Indian chiefs at a
ited, are worthy the
rving. On his way
mdience, the chair-
he following notice,

Libhy Lyceum t
First Discussion— Tuesday, Aug, 4th, 10 A. M. Question :
Reaulvcd, that the Fear of Punishment has a greater in-
fluence on mankind than the Hope of Reward.

LllUT. 8. H. B/.LtABD, 1 _,. . n- . .

„ t Chtef Duputantt.

LiiCT. Jamis Burns, J •' "^

LiEPT. CoL. F. F. Cavada, 1 subttilulti.
LiKUT. H. D. Chambbblaim, J
All members are requested to prepare themselves for the
discussion.

By order,

H. Rees Whiting, Secretary.
Louis N. Boudrye, I\esident.

From fifteen to twenty participate m the spirited debate,
which elicits no little amount c general intelligence, good
oratorical ability, wit and humor. With the chairman's
decision, the choice of another question, appointments and
miscellaneous business, the parties disperse, feeling that
their time has been admirably spent.

Correspondence.
We have received the following from our special corre-
spondent, at Havanna :

Sefior Redactor del LMy Chronicle: Por el prdcsimo
vapor, por via de Nueva York, enviar6 d vd. diez mil tobacos
superiores, para el uso de los prisioneros Federales en la
cdrcel de Libby.

Su seguro servidor,

Que sus manoB besa,

Juan Snooks.

-ixk

If,

,l 1

■'1

•»

5?:

'•ti

. >

•4

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362

Historic Records.

Why do Gentlemen Smoke ?

The chewing of tobacco, although u filthy practice, may
oe defended on the ground that if the chewer be careful to
use the spittoon, he annoyb or injures no one but himself,
and every man has » right to amuse himself as he pleases,
provided he does not interfere with his neighbor. But can
as much be said in defence of smoking? We think not,
especially in Libby, where at least /our hundred mtinking
pipes pollute the air most villainousli/. This stench may
counteract, it is true, the noxious and sickening effluvia
from the sinks, but in this case the remedy seems even worse
than the disease.

Erom the earliest dawn of the gray morning, until long
after we have sought sleep on the verjiin-infested floor, this
choking and offensive smoke loads all the air, permeates
every nook and corner of the prison, and irritates our luijg>'
at every breath. At meals we have it thick about our heads.
It mingles with our hash, lends its hateful flavor to our
Rio C?) coffee, settles in " puffs " and circles into our soup ;
in jhort, we are forced to eat it with overy mouthful of our
food.

At " roll cull " we seek a place in the ranks, where no
pipe is near, but v o scarcely get into " position," when pop
comes a German gentleman in our rear, protruding his long-
handle pipe over our shoulder, while its hot, reeking stench
slowly ascends to our very nostrils. The call over, we hasten
to a window to catch, if possible, one breath of the sweet
morning air, and we have gained but one inspiration, when
we are saluted with, " Fine morning, captain." We try to
answer, " yes," but are choked off by the dense cloud of the

' .i.

Fifth New York Cavalry.

863

;,,?!■,

iE?

thy practice, may
wer be careful to
one but himself,
ilf as he pleases,
ighbor. But can
We think not,
hundred stinking
fhis stench may
iekening effluvia
seems even worse

rning, until long
ifested floor, this
e air, permeates
•ritates our luug>'
about our heads,
'ul flavor to our
8 into our soup ;
mouthful of our

ranks, where no
ition," when pop
trud;ng his long-
i, reeking stench
1 over, we hasten
ith of the sweet
nspiration, when
in." We try to
inse cloud of the

" fumes of the weed," which surround, envelop and engulf
us, and we stand aghast to find ourself flanked on either
side by an old " black stager " of a long-used clay pipe.
Retreating from this dilemma, we pass into the kitchen,
aud, the morning being cool, we try to hover near the stoves
a moment, when we are startled by an authoritative voice
behind us, calling out: "There's too much crowd around
these stoves! Are these gentlemen all cooks?" Not
belonging to that fraternity on this occasion, we hastily
retreat, fearing wtj have intruded, when the speaker, with
all the insolent nonchalance of an acting a»»istant adjutant
general, steps up to the stove bnd — lighU hi$ pipe!
Amused, we turn to leave, but are attracted by a gentleman
who is chopping meat for hash. A. well-filled pipe, at tho
end of two feet of cane reed, hangs down and rer.ches nearly
to the meat, while at every blow of the knife, the jotting
motion shakes a little ashes and tobacco into the dish. A
queer condiment, we think ; but, then, perhaps his mess all

smoke.

As we leave the kitchen we pause to read the " Hints for
Cooking," kindly posted for our uoe, but, lo ! the title page,
frontispiece, and a part of the first page, are torn away: for
wiiat? To light the pipes, forsooth 1 Disheartened, we
turn again to a window foi »n instant's relief from the ever-
lasting pipe. But here also we find a commissary peeling
cold potatoes to make his hash, and as he works he is
"crooning o'er some auld Scotch sonnet," and ever and
anon the motiou of his lips shakes, from his over-loaded pipe,
small flakelets of the burning weed, which sprinkle each
potato thoroughly. But, then, he is making private hash,
80 that's all right.

If
g

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364

Historic Rucohos.

We hear the sound of music, and, turning, see two good
singers holding the book. Fond of music we approach to

have a treat, when, whew! each in his left hand holds a

pii^e I and at every " rest" ia the tune, each takes a hearty
whiff. Choked, tired and disappointed, we turn away to
pray that Gen. Meredith would hurry up the exchange.

Gerold.

1 -m

The Beautiful.

Beauty is not confined to nature, to trees, to flowers, and
to the material world. It is the prime element of spirit iial
life. It manifests itself in its highest and most subli -^
form, in the nobler traita of human character aud conduct.
The only really tubstantial beauty in the world is truth,
mercy and love. The natural rose soon fades, but the roses
of moral conduct and spiritual life bloom forever.

The highest typa of beauty this world ever saw, is con-
tained in the life and death of Jesus Christ. There is
beauty in the heavens, the stars, the clouds and the arch of
blue; in the wide waste of old ocean, in the hills, plains,
mountains and valleys of the earth. But there is nothing
in these to compare with the feeblest effort for the elevation
and welfare of the down-trodden and oppressed, the poor
and despised, the ignorant and unfortunate, the erring and
lost of the Luman race. What beauty in a fault forgiven,
in a tear dried, in an error corrected, in a want supplied !

There is sublime beauty in Niagara, but a sublimer in the
widow's gift of mites, or in the heavenly mission of Florence
Nightingale ; more beauty in tii. refmal of Moses, than in
the pomp and splendor of Pharaoh ; more in the ragged and

-H^,'^.'!- "^ ■>

'V»«i"-' f , ■> *6

[

Fifth New York Cavalry.

365

1i:

niDg, see two good
sic we approach to

it hand holds a

lach takes a hearty
we turn away to
the exchange.
Geuold.

ees, to flowers, and
lenient of spirifiial
and most subli «^
icter aud conduct.
Qe world is tnith,
iides, but the roses
forever.

ever saw, is con-
Christ. There is
s and the arch of
the hills, plains,
there is nothing
■ for the elevat'on
pressed, the poor
«, the erring and
a fault forgiven,
Tant supplied !
1 sublimer in the
ssion of Florence
' Moses, than in
1 the ragged and

despised Lazarus, than in the purple and fine linen of Oives ;
more in visiting widows and orphans, than in the glory of
vain princes. Such are the beauties of the soul, which
reflect the brightness of heaven. These beam with the rays
of eternity.

S. G. H.

Lights and Shades in Libby.
No. 2.

TIow truo is the saying that a man cannot long hide his
real character. Remove him to the antipodes, or utterly,
change the circumstances of his life, and he is still the
same. Bayard Taylor once thought that if he could ever
tread the sacred soil of Palestine, he would be a holier, bet-
ter man, but be writes that when he stood in the consecrated
ground of Gethsemane, he was the same Taylor still. The
soldier will be a soldier, place him where you will. Who
can doubt ihis, who looks out upon the teeming multitudes
of Libby, some bright morning, after the light of day has
aroused the miserable eleeperfe . Fcr then, even without
orders, and thus making himself liable to a court-martial,
every man sets himself to "skirmishing." The better to
accomplish his work, like the racers in the Olympic games,
I'o casts aside all his loose garments, which frequently in-
cludes his entire wardrobe, and great preparations are made
fur the conflict. The soldier must be a soldier.

Wo ! wo now to the enemy that may chance to linger in
the open fields, for the sharp-shooter will certainly dismount
him. A dash is made, the grounu is cleared, all flank
movements are prevented, and now there is a falling back to

A,*

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m
w

866

Historic Records.

the fences and ravines, which, in prison parlance, are called
"seams of shirts and pants." The battle now deepens.
The reports of the missiles of death are numerous. Hunan
blood is spilt. The casualties are mauy. for the black flag
is raised ; no quarters, no prisoners, death or victory. Thii
battling for human rights against brute force is going on in
every room of the prison throughout the day, unless it be
on those fortunate days, when the call is made, spreading
like wild contagion from room to room : " The mail ! the
mail !" Whatever men are doing is laid aside, and a rush
is made generally to the upper west room, where one of our
officers reads aloud the addresses. Every one hopes for a
letter from the dear ones, a brief, yet precious memento.
Eagerly each one listens for the calling of his name, though
but a few are ever gratified with a message. The bustle of
distribution over, each man regains his accustomed place,
when an unusual quiet reigns. The disappointed are com-
muning with their own thoughts, while others are busy with
words from their loved and distant. As we pass from place
to place, how easily we learn, without inquiring, what news
has been received. Here a countenance glows with a
delightful delirium over words of love and pleasant intelli-
gence, but, there, hidden away as far as possible from the
crowds, is one whose flowing tears fall upon the page that
tells of ominous sickness or sorrowful death. Fain would
he retire, as Joseph did from his brethren, co weep alone,
unseen by any, save by Him, who gives and takes away, who,
though He afflict on the one hand, always comforts on the
other.

Thus mid hopes and fears, sorrows and joys, mid scenes
of strife and toil, the day wears away. We have "skir-

■'.^^*l^'«^-^-r'"^^'^*^.5^Vj..ir*,i^t-'

)arlance, are called
ittle now deepens,
umerous. Hunan
for the black flag
1 or victory. Thij
rce is going on in
e day, unless it be
is made, spreading
" The mail ! the
aside, and a rush
, where one of our
ry one hopes for a
precious memento.
F his name, though
5e. The bustle of
accustomed place,
appointed are com-
hers are busy with
we pass from place
uiripg, what news
ice glows with a
d pleasant intelli-
possible from the
)on the page that
ath. Fain would
m, io weep alone,
I takes away, who,
comforts on the

! joys, mid scenes
We have "skir-

i^iFTH New York Cavalrv.

367

mished," ont bones, studied books, recited lessons, heard
numberless and contradictory rumors about exchange, wit-
nessed new arrivals of " fresh fish," swept our rooms, cooked
and eaten our scanty allowances, formed new and long-lasting
acquaintances, and the twilight, at length, with its mellow
haze, settles down around us, to hide the weary day. This
is the most sacred hour in the history of man. Manual and
purely intellectual labors are laid aside to give place to
higher, nobler toil. Now the weightier thoughts, which lay
deepest during the day, rise to the surface, and become
ruling forces. The ruder passions hide themselves, or. at
least, keep silence, while the finer sentiments claim control.
It is now that the better angels of our natures fold us in
their wings. Memory, with her buely hands, gathers the
richest fruita of by-gone days, and imagination paints the
loveliest pictures of the friends we cherish. Who can por-
tray the prisoner's depth of feeling in this hour, his deep
study, his sad ennui, his brilliant poesy ?

His heart surcharged with the rushing currents of emo-
tion, seeks some object of contact upon which to cast its
burden, and the mind, conscious of vreakness, desires to
rest upon a foundation broader, surer than itself, and ha
cries, " Lead me to the Bock, that is higher than I." It is
the natural hour of prayer, and Libby becomes a sanctuary
of worship. Most of the prisoners gla lly welcome the call
to " evening prayers," and what a moral m the scene I Men
who had never met before, of every shade of creeds, seem
moved by one common impulse, and absorbed by one great
desire to worship God. The numl ?r of those who take no
interest or part in the solemn servic 3 is nightly growing less.

They gather in a circle and a arailiar hymn is sung by

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"^ . T|ii**j^j^ii^4«**';"iiVrrfvr-^-5w»^*'><^

S68

lIisToivic Records.

all with unusual zest. IIow appropriate for us to make
these old, dingy walls echo with sacred song ! Would they
might repeat the strain to their cruel owners ! Wc kueel
in prayer, while one, appointed by his brethren, leads tha
devotions. Well it is for us all thai we can join in an
exercise which has so often calmed the troubled heart, sent
joy among the disconsolate, inspired the reformer in his
noble work, nerved the warrior in his dangerous path, and
crowned the dying Christian with victory. Memories of
homo come crowding thickly upon the heart, as loved ones
are commended to the care of God. Humility is felt as sins
and shortcomings are confessed. Hope spreads her wings,
and moral vigor is imparted to faith, as precious promises
are pleaded. Patriotism kindles brilliant fires upon her
altars as dear country becomes the burden of petition.
Hearts glow with intense enthusiasm as the fervent prayer
to " Our Father " arises for our release from this coafiue-
ment, which is becoming so oppressive.

The well-known doiology is sung, or tha oft-repeated
prayer of childhood, " And eow wc lay us down to sleep,"
etc., rendered to the tune of Hebion, and the worshipers
disperse with "strength renewed" and "joys divinely
sweeteued." Darkness now enshrouds the landscape around
Libby, and like caged birds we sit by the Wrred windows
gi-.zing on the stars that shine in the distance. Under
. similar circumstances, undoubtedly, the poet traced upon the
walls of a house used for a hospital, during and after the
battle of Chantiily, the following touching lines :

I nm far from my home to-n^g^t,
No cherished friend I see,

--iV.'wif.M

^*ni'-ik

Fifth New York Cavalry,

369

for us to make
|ng ! Would they
"ners! Wc kueel
Jrethren, leads the
■e can joia in an
)ubltd heart, sent
i reformer in his
agerous path, and
y. Memories of
art, &s loved ones
lility is felt as sim
spreads her wings,
precious promises
ut fires upon her
irden of petition.
;he fervent prayer
from this confine-

■ the oft-repeated
8 down to sleep,"
nd the worshipers
I "joys divinely
I landscape around
e Wrred windows
distance. Under
et tracea upon the
ing and after the
lines :

Though all th9 star- 'n heaven are bright,

They are not as /ht to me
As once they seeraei n days gone by,

Before I learned tt roam,
Bespangling all the valley o'er,

Above my distant homn.

But my Flag and Country bade me go,

And I will not repine.
In all my wanderings to and fro,

Whatever lot be mine,
For still, perohanoe, the day may oome.

When I no more shall roam.
When those who sigh that now I'm gone.

Will bid me welcome home.

Advertisements.

Barber and Hair Dreiser.
Adjt. Lombard respectfully informs the inhabitants of
Libby, that he has opened a new Tonsorial Shop on Main
street, four doors north of Sanderson's eating saloon. Thank-
ful foi past favors, he solicits the patronage of the public.

Attortuy and Couniellor-at-Lav.
Major Rogers would announce to the publio, that he has
retired from military life, and resumed the more important
business of the bar. He may be found on Egan street, one
door south cf Ryan, Lii 'hfield and Go.'s Soap manufactory.
All business promptly attended to.

Important Appointment. — We are happy to learn that
Hon. John Haldeman has been appointed Prosecuting Attor-
ney for the Common wealth of Libby.

'ill!,.!

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870

IIlSTOBIC ReCOBDB.

Recovering.— We are informed that Hon. Judge Willets
is rapidly recovering from hia dangorous illness, supposed to
have been occafiioned by bathing at a Jate hour at night.
He vrill be able to resume hia duties in a few days.

A Card. — Dr. Uhler, Physician and Surgeon, after a long
and successful practice in the armies of the United States
has returned to Libby, and located opposite Mitchell's gym-
nasium. Will attend all calls in his profession.

The AndefsonVillk Post Office.

rrhe followlnu tonchtit '•■ '», descriptlTe of an Incident In the Pen
Union prieoncrfi Kt AndenijUTlUe, 0»., are attributed to 0. H. HoIIlster,
of Litchfield, Conn. The war has yet eUclted nothing of ladder Inf ereit

No blanket round his wasted limbs,

Under the rainy sky he slept;
While pointing his envenomed ahafts.

Around him Death, the archer, crept.
He dreamed of hunger, and held out

His hnnd to dutch a little bread,
That a white angel with a torch.

Among the living and the dead,
Seemed bearing, smiling as he went;

The vision waked him, as he spied
The post-boy followed by a crowd

Of famished prisoners, who cried
For letters — letters from their friends

Crawling upon his hands and knees
He hears hia own name called, and lo 1

A letter from his wife he sees t

Gasping for breath, he shrieked aloud,
And, lost in nature's blind eclipse,

Faltering amid the suppliant crowd,
Caught it and press'd it to his lips.

of tht
Esq.,

■ €
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H'—

<\.«4^jAj>' .l.V\\.At^ /««>>C):«S"S^ rA\i!^^

"""Tl!}

I. Judge WilleU
less, supposed to
hour at night.
n days.

eon, after a long
I United States,
Mitchell's gym-
ion.

FIOK.

nt In the Pen of the
a. H. nollistsr, Esq.,
ladder Interett.]

Fifth Nkw York Cavai-ky.

A guard who followed, red and wroth,

And flourishing a rusty braud,
Reviled him with a taunting oath,

And snatched the letter from his hund.
"First pay the postage, whining wretch !"

Despair had made the prisoner brave,
"Then give me back my money, sir I

I am a captive — not a slave I
You took my money and my clothes ;

Take my life too — bu» lot me know
How Mary and the children are.

And I will bless you ere I go."

The very moonlight through his hands,

As he stood supplicating, shone.
And his sharp features shaped themselves

Into a prayer, and such a tone
Of anguish there was in his cry.

For wife and children, that the guard —
Thinking upon his own— passed by.

And left him swooning on the sward.
Bpyond the " dead line" fell his head —

The eager sentry knew his mark,
And with a crash the bullet sped

Into hia brain, and all was dark t
But wl'.en they turned his livid cheek

Up toward the light, the pale lips smiled,
Kissing a picture fair and meek,

That held in either hand a child.

871

[Reported for .Th» lAbbn Chrcniei*.'\

The Mock Trial.
Thursday, August 20, 1863, will long be remetnbered by
the denizens of Libby, for the fun and general mirth occa-
sioned by the trial, at a mock court, of one of their number.

'*A»«SSiW»

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;Sii.

'^h''

!' -I

ft' I

V ^f

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372

IIisTonic Records.

About eleven o'clock the esciting affair was announced by
the stentorian voice of the quati sheriff, " Hear ye ! hear
ye ! ! hear ye ! ! 1 the honorable court for the county of
Libby, and state of Imprisonment, is now open. All ye
who have business therein, draw near and ye shall bo heard."

A motley crowd at once assembled at the call, and beheld
a solemn-faced, grey-headed cavalry captain, who was to play
the rok of judge, seated upon a lofty arm-chair, made of a
partly broken barrel. His mock dignity, professional air
and shrewd humor, frequently convulsed the court and
lookers on with laughter, during the proceedings. To the
right and left of him were seated on impromptu benches of
broken boards, sticks of wood, or on the floor, the district
attorney, sheriff, under sheriff, counsels, sergcant-at-arms,
clerks, etc.

The impaneling of the jury was rendered amusingly diffi-
cult to correspond with the other movements. Foreigners,
with the longest and worst-sounding names, had been
selected for the bench, from the French, Germans and
Hungarians, some of whom could scarcely understand a
word of English. The foreman, when called up to be
sworn, feigned he did not understand the questions of the
judge, and responded in French. Every word filled the
audience with merriment, and seemed to puzzle the court.
At last this barbarian was ruled out, as he did not know
the language of the court. Meanwhile a bystander inter-
rupted proceedings by vociferating that the fault was not
the juryman's but the court's, as they ought to be com-
petent to understand him. The judge thereupon ordered
the arrest of the offender for contempt of court, and the
sergeant-at-arms cleverly executed the order. The next

>-*>* "

anoouDced by
Hear yo ! hear
the county of
open. All ye
shall bo heard."
call, and beheld
who was to play
ibair, made of a
professional air
the court and
edings. To the
optu benches of
oor, the district
ergeant-at-arms,

amusingly difE-
ts. Foreigners,
imes, had been
I Germans and
Y understand a
illed up to be
[uestions of the
word filled the
zzle the court,
did not know
ystander inter-
fault was not
;ht to be com-
eupon ordered
court, and the
r. The next

Fifth New York Cavalry.

373

juryman questioned was as deaf as an adder, and tho third
was a Dutchman, who carried out the figure most charmingly,
and for some time kept the room in an uproar of laughter
and applause. At length a jury was duly impaneled, and
a grave-looking prisoner was brought to tbo bar, charged
with having disturbed the peace of the place, by seeking to
enjoy the raptures of a clandestine bath, contrary to tho laws
of the people.

As the witnc-ises were brought upon tho stand, they were
required to raise their left foot or both feet, and to subscribe
to the following oath ; " You do pompously swear that you
will tear, tatter, transmogrify and torture the truth, the
whole truth, and everything but the truth, so help you Jeff.
Davis." If the witness was a Quaker, and did not wish to
swear, he could affirm under the pains and penalties of being
put into the sink.

The accused soon became the butt of all the mischievous
witticism of the occasion, but conducted himself in a manner
becoming the best good nature. The trial was continued
for several days with ui;abated interest, in which was dis-
played no little amount of juridical knowledge, and con-
summate skill and ingenuity in managing a case. The
counsel for the defence were indefatigable, and succeeded in
presenting the laughable arguments, with no little array of
evidence, that the prisoner had not been known even to
wash his face, since he had taken his abode in this county,
and that he was subject to fearful attacks of hydrophobia.
Witnesses were also subpoenaed, who proved a case of aft"6t,
by testifying that on the night in question the accused was
seen coming out of an ice-cream saloon on Main street,
Richmond, with a Confederate lady on his arm. In proof

i-: •?■

..;s^,

874

Historic Kecords.

I Tj

of thia, tho fragment of a letter, found near the wash tub,
was produced, signed " Susan," tho contents of which greatly
defamed the marital fidelity of the aged warrior, and revealed
some highly ludicrous incidunts of hie amatory experience.

Tho respondent listened to all thes; personal jokes with
excellent good temper, and none seemed to enjoy more than
himself the comical buffoonery of witnesses and lawyers.
But notwithstanding the artful pleadings of his counsel, a
verdict of «/«% was at last rendered, and he was sentenced
by the court to imprisonment for forty-eight hours in the tivk.
This severe punishment was afterward commuted to a public
promise of good behavior in future, he having entered
into a recognizance to treat the judge, jury and counsels,
whepever they should get out of Libby, which obligation
will undoubtedly be faithfully kept.

Clerk.

N i

• Important Letter.

Libby Prison, Richmond, Va., August 31, 1863.
Hon. James A. Seddon,

Secretary of War,

Sir : I take the liberty of addressing you on behalf of
myself and fellow-prisoners, in relation to our situation.

About six hundred of us are confined here, with an
average space of about twenty-eight square feet each, which
includes our room for cooking, eating, washing, bathing and
sleeping. Our rations consist, as nearly as I can judge as
to quantity, of about one-fourth pound of poor fresh beef,
one-half pound of bread and one-half gill rf rice or black
peas, for each man per day. Thi- amount has been found

HaTS^^w- '^i' Ai«WM8*i**'<*«5^W'^?!»«'''<i'''»*«*^'" -'*

Fifth New York CAVAiiRY.

876

nr the wash tub,
of which greatly
■ior, and revealed
ory experience,
flonol jokes with
onjoy more than
es and lawyers,
jf his counsel, a
le was sentenced
bours in the link.
mted to a public
having entered
ry and counsels,
rhich obligatiou

Glebk.

ust 31, 1863.

u on behalf of
r situation,
here, with an
eet each, which
ig, bathing and
I can judge aa
wor fresh beef,
^ rice or black
las been found

insufficient to sustain life and health in our close prison
confinoiuent. Scorbutic diseases have already appeared,
proving fatal in one instance (Major Morris), and impairing
seriously, if not permanently, the health of many others.

Our sanitary condition would have been much worse than
it now is, but for the large purchases of vegetables and other
provisions, amounting to nearly one thousAnd dollars [Con-
t'liderate] per day, which we h&ve been allowed to make.
But as nearly all our money was taken from us when we
entered the prison, the daily expenditure of this large sum
has at length about exhausted what was left us. We have
also been notified that we would not be allowed to receive
any portion of the money taken from us here, nor to receive
such sutnt a$ have been $ent to u$ from home since our im-
prisonment, though before writing for these moneys, we were
expressly assured by your officers, having us in charge, that
we would be allowed to receive them.

It will be perceived from the above statement, that our
immediate prospective condition is, to say the least, that of
semi-starvation. The rations furnished ■. your government
may be as good and as much as it can afford, under the
circumstarices, but in that case it does seem that we Ghould
be allowed to purchase the necessary amount to sustain us.
It cannot possibly be that it is intended to reduce to a
famishing condition, six hundred prisoners of war. Humanity
cannot contemplate such a thing without feelings of the
deepest horror. Sayiug nothing of our rights as prisoners
of war, even criminals, guilty of the blackest crimes, are not,
among civilized people, confined for any length of time on
insufficient food.
I wish further to state to you, that previous to my sur-

376

Historic Records.

( i

' If.

render, I made a stipuktion with General Forrest, to whom
I surrendered, that all private property, including money,
belonging to my officers and men, should be respected.
This stipulation, in the hand-writing of General Forrest,
o\-or his own signature, is now in the hands of General
Winder, having been taken from me here. Notwithstanding
this, my officers (ninety -five in number) have been notified
with the balance, that their money has been turned over to
Confederate authorities.

For the purpose of avoiding further loss of money, or
misunderstanding, and if possible to obfaiin relief from the
unhappy situation in which we are placed, you are most
respectfully requested to state in your answer to this com-
munication, the manner in which we will be allowed to obtain
the necessary food and clothing to render us comfortable.
I have the honor to be, sir,

Your most obedient servant,
A. D. Streight,
Colonel of fifty-FirBt Indiana Volunteers.

Lights and Sha&ks in Libby.
No. 8.
As we sit at a safe distance from the window, to avoid the
sentry's notice, and gaze on the bright stars, we can but
reflect on the purity of the Architect of the universe, whose
" all-seeing eye the sun, moon and stars obey, and under
whose waiclifal care even the comets perform their stu-
pendous revolutions," and yet who condesi nds to dwell in
the heart of the lowly and contrite, even among the wretched

Fifth If ew York Cavalry.

877

Forrest, to whom
ncluding money,
Id be respected.
General Forrest,
ands of General
Notwithstanding
ive been notified
a turned over to

)8S of money, or
n relief from the
d, you are most
3wer to this corn-
allowed to obtain
la comfortable.

servant,

;iGHT,

na Volunteers.

SBY.

dow, to avoid the
tarS) we can but
B universe, whose
obey, and under
irform their sta-
nds to dwell in
ong the wretched

creatures who inhabit this dingy prison. How true is the
poet's riiyn a, which we never so fully understood before •
While blest with a sense of hie love,

A palace a toy would appear ;
And prisons would palaces prove,
If Jesus would dwell with me there.

While thus we muse we are accosted by a fellow-prisoner,
who has recently been converted in our evening meetings,
one of a largo number who have thus passed « from death
unto life," and found this dungeon a Bethel to their bouls.
What a privilege it is to witness in this place such a work
of reformation ! Like the old apostle we can say, " The
things which happened unto me have fallen out rather unto
the furtherance of the gospel; so that my bonds in Christ
arc manifest in all the palace. End in all other places."

Taking this young disciple by tho arm we will saunter
through the different wards of the prison for exercise, con-
versation and observation. A few flickering candles here
and there light our way. Objects of interest meet us on
every hand. No place, perhaps, presents greater contrasts.
Here are the noisy and the quiet, the studious and the care-
less, tho sad and the happy, until you are led to exclaim
" How strangely are the lights and shades, the joys and
sorrows, the good and bad, of this world, mingled in one
mysterious mass !" Already at this early hour of the night
lies a man upon the dirty floor for a bed, with, perhap<», a
poor lousy blanket under Lim. At his side are those who
sing loudly, or whistle for their amuseuient. Yonder is a
group busy in conversation. Here an individual is striving
to study by the pale light of the moon, or by the light,
nearly ."W palo, from a distant candle.

iii

i.'i

, **M<^I

1 i

878

Historic Rkcoeds.

\ i

At length we are attracted to a noisy group around a
candle, whose singular occupation is a subject of no little
query. Their attention seems to be wholly given to a
pack of little papqr billets, strangely figured outside and
inside. One would naturally suppose these things to
answer for a baby's playthings, or a child's pictura primer.
Suddenly one of the party takes up the bunch, shakes or
shuffles them rapidly, und then distributes or deals them
out to his comrades. T,et us watch and listen, and thus we
may loam something new. We huar one speak of " hearts."
We draw nearer, for we begin to think that they have hearU
after all that has been said of men following their occupa-
tion. " Diamonds," shouts another. We draw still nearer,
for if these men have true hearts and deal in diamonds, they
are not as dangerous as they have been represented to be.
We are becoming favorably impressed, when one says,
" high, low," another, "jack and the game." What strange
words I We are startled, and look upon the operation with
astonishment. What are they talking about? "High,
low I" do they mean high and low thoughts? Truly we
isee nothing very elevating yet. Is it high and low cards ?
We look in vain to see one card much higher than another.
We cannot understand this jargon. Suspicion seizes upon
U3. We fear they are " jacks " at all games, making use of
" low " as well " high " principles to carry out their designs.
Soliloquizing upon the singular scene, one of the party cries
out, " clubs ! " Our suspicions were not groundless. These
men who profess to have hearts, and to appreciate the beauty
of diamonds, carry with them clubs, doubtless to assassinate
either strangers or one another. Trembling with fear we
start to leave, when the party cries out for " spades." We

Fifth New York Cavalry.

879

;roup arouDd a
ect of no little
ply given to a
id outside and
lese things to
picture primer,
nch, shakes or
or deals them
>Q, and thus <re
ak of "hearts."
hey have hearts
g their occupa-
•aw still nearer,
diamonds, they
resented to be.
hen one says,
What strange
operation with
3ot? "High,
ts? Truly we
ind low cards ?
than another,
on seizes upon
making use of
their designs,
he party cries
dless. These
ite the beauty
to assassinate
with fear we
pades." We

are correct, these men are professional murderers, for they
have clubs to slay their Tiotims and spades to dig their
graves, and what else we are not advised, and as we fly in
terror from the scene, we hear them speak of " trumps."
Poor fools ! we think they are vastly mistaken, if they
believe that they can kill one another with clubs, dig one
another's graves with their sp&des, and then, Gabriel-like,
call one another to life again with their trumps. The men
must be either crazy or very childish, and their conduct, it
geems to us, can be justified only on the ground that, espe-
cir'ly here, "a little nonsense now and then is relished by
the best of men."

As we pass into another room we meet quite a procession,
representing & country caravan on a small scale. The ele-
phant is none other than two officers, bent forward, with a
blanket thrown over them, while two stickb of wood pro-
trudiog from the blanket, make the tusks. One man
mounted upon another is the camel, and another on all-fours
the bear. These are paraded through the rooms, headed by
bearers of torches, and a band of music, performing Yankee
Doodle and other airs on split quills, hair-combs, tin plates
and oups. Accompanying the show are hideous iraitations
of all kinds of fowls and beasts, with a menagerie-like effect,
which would do honor to Barnum's American Museum.

Having passed by this amusing scene, we hear a rustling,
grating coise, with the tramping of many feet, and a rush
is made toward ji. We step aside to avoid the shook. It
is a " raiding" party d la cavalrie. Twenty or more of the
most desperate oharacte) i among us form the squad. They
dash through, armed with broooi>8ticks, and other like
weapons, sweeping all before them, upsetting evorything

.in '

: ^?

880

UlBTOBIO KeCOROS.

and every body that comes in their ^vay. These raiders are
the terror of the more sedate of our community, and their
rude, not to say, heathenish practice, resulting in the dis-
comfort and hurt of resny, is justly worthy of the severest
reprimand.

In another room we are drawn to a crowd, who, at inter-
vals, shout and laugh aa though frantic with joy. Wo
elbow our way through the press to get a sight of the fi:n,
when, oh ! shades of the feathery king of the barn yard !
here are fowls without feathers, spurs or crcits, engaged in
a " cock-fight." Two individuals hive submitted themselves
to the process known as " bucking," and now within a ring,
marked with chalk on the floor, hop around, crow and butt
each other in a " rooster-like " style, which results in one or
the other, and sometimes both tumbling over in a most
laughable manner. Each " bird " has his ring of betters,
who lend no little amount of excitement to the play.

But our evening ramble is quite sufficient, and now weary,
" like a quarry slave at night scourged to hia dungeon," we
wend our way to our humble pallet, which we welcome,
though far from being equally satisfactory to our former
lodgings upon the hard, cold ground. We lie down, bnt not
to sleep at once, for we have not yet recited- our catechism.
How like the days of childhood, though great is the con-
trast between the subjects presented. Still it is well here
to be reminded of these domestic animals, cat-echism and its
mate dog-m&tism. They are species of very ancieut descent.
The one has cleared the centuries of the past of their rats
and mice of religious folly, and the other has kept at bay
infidelity's beasts of prey. The keen eye of the one, and
the hoarse, threatening voice of the other, have given evi-

rhese raiders are
Qunity, and their
[ting in tho dis-
y of the severest

d, vho, at intfr-
with joy. Wo
sight of the fun,
the barn yard!
rcits, engaged in
aitted themdelres
>w within a ring,
d, crow and butt
results in one or
over in a most
ring of betters,
the play.
, and now weary,
is dungeon," we
eh we welcome,
J to oiur former
ie down, bni> not
[■ our catechism,
reat is the con-
I it is well here
ct-echism and its
ancieut descent,
ast of their rats
las kept at bay
>f the one, and
have given evi-

FiFTH New Yobk Cavalry. 881

dence ot their usefulness. Time honors their labors, and
from them history borrows important lessons. It is well
that the fire-side and Sunday-school are not the only legiti-
mate fields of theii operations. Catechism, at least, has
found its way into Libby. We cannot sleep until we have
recited, whether the task be pleasant or otherwise. Now
the gray-haired sire lifts bis venerable head, and with his
ancient, solemn, eepulchral voice, propounds his important
q lestions to bis listening, numerous family, who, by tho
promptness of their replies, evince a thorough study of the
lesson. No subject is allowed to escape. The whole course
of Libby experionce is thoroughly canvassed, and wo to the
man who has made himself subject of remark. Whatever
men hivve on the brain (if they have ani/ brain), whether
bread or bones, French or Spanish, exchange or escape, all
must be reviewed. Whatever one has done publicly, pri-
vately or secretly, by some magic power of the caiechist, is
brought to judgment. Such questions as these are asked,
" Who hid behind the big gun ? " " Wac bos Star en the
brain?" "Who oflFered to enlist in the Kebel army to
escape imprisonment?" "Who undertook to wash his
clothes in the coffee-kettle ? " etc. The names of the several
offenders are thWn out in answer, much to the amusement
of the crowd. Thus many sleepless moments are whiled
away in the midst of jokes almost too severe to be mirthful,
and of facts almost too startling to be true.

Gradually the pounding on the floor with fists and feet
dies away, the roars of laughter cease, and "Sleep, tired
nature's sweet restorer," comes to drive away our oares and
to put our sorrows in oblivion. We now wander througa
dreamland, where kind friend^-are met, loved ones held m

382

Historic Records.

fond embrace ; battles too are fought, and bloody viotoiies
won, until tha morn shall hreak again.

THRitLiNQ Sketches.*

Rotigh and TSitnbU.

During Banks' retreat from Winchester, on May 24, 1862,
four companies of the Fifth New York Cavalry, under com-
mand of Captain Wheeler, were moving on the left flank of
the retreating column, to protect it from any attacks from
the Rebel cavalry. Emerging from a thick wood, Captain
Hammond, who had the advance with four or five men,
suddenly came upon a squad of mounted Rebels, and imme-
diately called on them to surrender. However, they fled,
closely pursued. Captain Hammond succeeded in approach-
ing the hindmost, a large, powerful man, and again demanded
a surrender. Both had their pistols drawn. Hammond
fired, but missed his mark, owing to the fearful gait of his
horse down a steep hill.. The Rebel did the same thing.
Hammond now found that the cylinder of his pistol would
not revolve, and he attempted to deal a blow with it upon
his antagonist's head, but, missing his mark again, the wea-
pon fell from his hand.

Quick work was now necessary. Another spurring of his
horse brought him within arm's length of the flying Rebel,
whereupon he caught hold of his coat collar with both hands
and dragged him backward from his saddle. Holding firmly
his grasp, both horses went from under them, and they fell

> These details were not received In time to be embodied in their
appropriate places in the Reoords.

nH > I .««*,*,

T-Hu t '-^^'ii'-

Fifth New York Cavalry.

888

bloodj Tiotories

m May 24, 1862,
airy, under com-
the left flank of
iny attacks from
ik wood, Captain
inr or five men,
ebcls, and imme-
wever, they fled,
ded in approach-
again demanded
iwn. Hammond
sarful gait of his
the same thing,
his pistol would
low with it upon
: again, the wea-

: spurring of his
;he flying Rebel,
with both hands
Holding firmly
m, and they fell

embodied in their

pell-mell to the ground. Luckily Hammond was uppermost,
and, seizing his foe by the throat with one hand, he sought
with the other to gain possession of his pistol. Now com-
menced a fearful struggle for the mastery of the weapon.
The Rebel being the heavier, stronger man, the result seemed
doubtful.

But just at this moment one of company F boys rode up,
iind. from his horse, fired at the upturned face of the pros-
trate foe, the ball grazing his scalp, and causing him to
reiin(|uish his hold of the pistol. Thus ended one of the
most exciting, and, withal, amusing contests of the war.

Straight and yarrow Way.

One dark und stormy night, during the same march men-
tioned in the preceding sketch, while rain fell in torrents,
and the artillery of heaven as well as that of Maryland
Heights, shock the mountains around Harper's Ferry, and
the only light which penetrated the darkness was the fitful
gleams of lightning, and the flying and bursting shells,
which madi; the scene t«rribly grand and frightful, four
companies of the regiment led their horses safely across the
rail road bridge on a tingle plank, laid upon the iron frame.

This was threading the " straight and narrow way" under
trying circumstances, and yet the difficult task was accom-
plished by those who felt that one of the cardinal virtues, is
obedience to orders.

Danger and Daring.
In October, 1863, while the Fifth was picketing Thorough-
fare and Hopewell gaps, Lieut. T. A. Boice, while scouting
with his orderly a short distance from camp, was captured

r*.

U-

884

HiBTORio Records.

'U^

by a dozen Rebel guerrilla, dressed in Federal uniforms.
Boice, aa usual, waa thoroughly armed, with two revolvers
in his saddle-bow, one in his bolt, and oae in each boot-leg.
In their ha8t« to leave what his captors deemed to be a
dangerous proximity to the Yankee camp, they did not
disarm him, but fled in a by-way, where they were compelled
to go by twos, Boice being lucki'y in the rear with a Rebel
guard at his left. Having called the attention of his careless
keeror from himself, with his characteristic dexterity he
drew ti.? pistn 1 from his right boot-log, and the next moment
the doomed Rebel waa tumbling from his horse, a dying
man. In quick succession shot aft.er shot was discharged at
the frightened cavaliers, who, supposing that they had fallen
in an ambush, fled at a break-neok speed.

Boice's orderly, who was just before him in the column,
on discovering the game, wheeled his horse and fled in the
direction of the camp j but Boic6 himself, forgetful of all
danger, and intent only on punishing the enemy, remained
in the road, firing with both hands at the deceived and
flying foe, until at length they discovered who waa the cause
of their casualties and fright, and, turning upon him with
exasperation, they swooped down like eagles after tbeir prey.
It waa now uo time for re&iatance. Mounted upon such a
charger aa only Boice would ride, he wheeled, and, like a
bird, flew in hia race for life. He waa closely pursued for
several miles, receiving three bloody wounds through the
body above the waist, also one in the hand and another
through the thumb, but he waa confident of having killed
one and of wounding at leact three of his captora and pur-
aaers, and finally escaped. His faithful horse received one
alight wound. He came into camp faint, and bathed with

''Ml..

'^^•■^fe.

tv«t^*

;^r^«

'i'- /

j/>|S* ^-"a

Fifth New York Cavalry.

885

oderal uniforms.
ih two revolvers
n each boot-leg.
deemed to be a
p, thej did not
f were compelled
ar with a Rebel
}D of his careless
tie dexterity he
the next moment
I horse, a dying
as discharged at
b they had fallen

1 in the column,
and fled in the

forgetful of all
inemy, remained
e deceived and
10 was the cause

upon him with
after tbeir prey,
ed upon such a
iled, and, like a
iely pursued for
ds through the
id and another
f having killed
»ptors and pur-
•se received one
ind bathed with

his own blood. Being temperate in hia habits, and poBseBS-
ing an iron constitution, with a vivacious mind, in the short
space of three months he was well and again on duty,

Testimonial of an Enemy.

In Blachcood'M Magazine for Febru"ry, 1&66, wo find
the following scrap of history, in a series of articles entitled
" Memoirs of the Confederate War for Independence, by
'Horos Von Borcke, chief of staff to Gen. J. E. B. Stuart.

"Reconnoissance in force, and fight near Emmettsville,
Va., Nov. 10, 1863.

" About ten o'clock our advance guard came up with the
enemy, with whom we were soon hotly engaged, the Yankees
falling back slowly before ub. I could not help admiring on
this occasion the excellent behaviour of a squadron of the
Fifth New York Cavalry, who received with the greatest
coolness the heavy fire of our battery, maintaining perfect
order while shell after shell exploded in their ranks, and
saddle after saddle was emptied, quietly filling the gaps in
their lines, and finally only giving way when wo charged
thorn with several squadrons."

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