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:iNDEREL] 


rCt»rre  DunSreD  anO  J^vrfp^fibc  l^ariants 


■^  CIKDERELLA,  CATSKIN,  AKD  CAP  O'  RUSHES,  ABSTRACTED 

AND  TABULATED.  WITH  A  DISCUSSION 

OP  MEDIEVAL  ANALOGUES, 

AND  NOTES, 


MARIAN^1t:6ALFE  COX. 


{£lub  an  Inti  D&iirlion  tp 
ANDREW    LANG,  M.A. 


ON DON: 

FOLK-LORE    SOCIFTV 
|inT.  370-S71.  STRANH- 
1893- 


66 


700070 


LONDON  : 
PRINTED  BV  CHAS.  J.  CLARK.  4.  LINCOLN'S  INN  FIELDS    W.r. 


•   ^'  ••      •     ••    ••:         •         •  .».  ••• •    • 


•  -     -      -  - 


•  •      •    • '  -        • 


CONTENTS. 


Introduction.    By  Andrew  Lang,  M.A. 


Preface 


PAGB 

vii 

XXV 


Bibliographical  Index  . 


Ixxiii 


Abstracts  . 


PART  I. 

^A.  Cinderella 
B.  Catskin 
C  Cap  o'  Rushes . 


I 

53 
80 


D.  Indeterminate  |    .  {        .      87 

iDd,    „  101-104) 


Tabulations 


PART  II. 


123 


E.  Hero  Tales 


PART  III. 


{Abstracts  . 
Tabula^tions 


437 
447 


Abstracts  . 


APPENDIX. 

A.  Cinderella 

b.  Catskin 

,c.  Cap  o'  Rushes . 


.    465 

468 

.    469 


Notes 


Additional  Variants 


473 
533 


ERRATA. 


Page  13  (and  p.  203),  for  date  ofCuriin,  1S70,  read  1890. 
„     $1  (and  p.  427),  for  Woycicki  read  Wojcicki. 
11    85,  for  title  of  No.  222  read  "Marie  la  Fille  du  Roi". 
„    94  (and  p.  278),  for  Koylowski  read  Kozlowski. 
„  102,  for  Dizon  read  Dixon. 

„  108  (and  p.  204),  in  No.--28o  delete  stop  after  Samfundets. 
»»  ^7S>fi^  Varmland  read  Varmland. 
»  397ifi^  Fjeldbygdune  read  Fjeldbygdeme. 
11  449i  for  Korsbury  read  Korsbury. 


INTRODUCTION. 


In  fulfilment  of  the  Rash  Vow  of  Folk-lore,  I  offer  a  few  words  on 
Miss  Cox's  collection  of  Cinderella  stories.  On  the  first  view  of 
her  learned  and  elaborate  work  I  was  horrified  at  the  sight  of 
these  skeletons  of  the  tale.  It  was  as  if  one  had  a*  glimpse  into 
the  place  where  Hop  o'  my  Thumb's  Giant  kept  the  bones  of  his 
little  victims.  Dry  bones  of  child-like  and  charming  tales  are 
these,  a  place  of  many  skulls.  But  science  needs  horrors  of  this 
kind,  it  seems,  and  I  have  wandered  in  Miss  Cox's  collection  with 
admiration  of  her  industry  and  method,  with  some  despair,  too,  as 
to  the  possibility  of  ever  tracing  the  Cinderella  type  to  its  origin 
and  home.  However,  a  rash  vow  must  be  kept,  and  an  Introduc- 
tion must  be  written,  though  **  good  wine  needs  no  bush",  and  I 
conceive  that  Miss  Cox,  who  knows  so  much  about  Cinderella, 
would  do  what  is  needful  better  than  I,  who  only  know  a  few 
Cinderellas  familiarly  and  well. 

The  fundamental  idea  of  Cinderella^  I  suppose,  is  this :  a  person 
in  a  mean  or  obscure  position,  by  means  of  supernatural  assist- 
tance,  makes  a  good  marriage.  This,  of  course,  is  the  funda- 
mental idea  of  Fuss  in  Boots.  In  the  former  tale  the  person  is 
usually  a  girl,  in  the  latter  a  man.  In  both  tales  the  supernatural 
aid,  always  in  Fuss  in  Boots^  often  in  Cinderella^  is  given  by  a 
beast  Granting  the  existence  of  this  idea,  almost  any  incidents 
out  of  the  treasure  of  popular  fancy  may  be  employed  to  enrich 
and  complicate  the  plot.  Taking  Perrault's  literary  version  as  the 
normal  type,  the  incidents  are  those  of  the  Unkind  Stepmother, 
the  Jealous  Sisters,  the  recognition  of  the  heroine  by  her  shoe, — 
and  the  hostile  persons  may  be  forgiven  or  punished,  according  to 
the  taste  and  fancy  of  the  narrator.  Now  the  cruel  stepmother, 
the  competitive  sisters,  arrange  themselves  round  other  central 
ideas  of  mdrchen^  as  round  that  of  the  bride  who  loses  her  lord  by 


< 


VIU  INTRODUCTION. 

breaking  a  nuptial  taboo — for  example,  in  Cupid  and  Psyche, 
In  that  class  of  tales  they  may  be  forgiven ;  or  we  may  have  the  ^ 
"  Villain  Nemesis" ;  that  is,  they  may  be  punished.  Again,  another 
popular  incident  may  be  introduced,  a  bird  may  reveal  the  secret 
But  this,  too,  is  not  peculiar  to  Cinderella ;  it  occurs  in  all  sorts  of 
plots :  the  revealing  animals  are  wood-worms  in  a  mdrchen  which 
survives  in  a  scholion  to  the  Iliad.  Once  more,  the  shoe  need  not 
bring  about  the  recognition :  that  may  be  done  by  a  ring,  or  a  lock 
of  hair,  or  otherwise.  As  far  as  I  can  see,  the  number  of  possible 
combinations  resulting  in  a  story  recognisably  similar  to  Cinderella 
are  infinite.  Now,  I  would  only  regard  such  stories  as  necessarily 
borrowed,  or  transmitted,  when  the  chain  and  sequence  of  incidents 
keeps  close  to  a  given  type ;  we  may  choose  Perrault's  as  the  type, 
merely  by  way  of  illustration.  Given  a  widower,  his  daughter,  his 
second  wife,  her  daughters,  ill-treatment  of  his  daughter,  her 
supernatural  aid  to  social  successes,  her  disappearance,  and  recog- 
nition by  lock  of  hair,  ring,  or  shoe — ^given  all  these,  in  their 
sequence,  and  we  have  borrowing  or  transmission  of  a  tale,  as  far 
as  we  can  reason  on  chances  of  possible  coincidence.  Make  the 
giver  of  supernatural  aid  a  beast,  bequeathed  by  a  dead  mother, 
or  that  dead  mother  in  a  new  animal  form,  and  we  have  a  more 
archaic  shape,  but  still  the  same  tale,  the  same  plot,  probably  the 
same  original  narrative.  Dead  mother  as  beast  seems  most 
archaic,  see  the  last  variant  (p.  534);  then  beast  bequeathed  by 
dead  mother ;  then  fairy  godmother. 

While  this  plot  and  sequence  is  adhered  to,  we  seem  to 
see  one  original  combination  in  different  guises.  Granting  this 
much,  if  we  want  to  go  further,  and  look  for  the  cradle  of  the 
story,  whence  it  was  originally  diffused,  we  take  up  Miss  Cox's 
book.  Let  us  adopt  the  hypothesis,  to  please  M.  Cosquin,  that 
India  is  the  fountain  of  these  narratives.  We  look  up  India  on 
p.  xxxi,  and  find  that  the  tale  occurs  in  Bombay,  Madras,  and 
Salsette.  In  the  first  and  last  the  tale  is  in  form  A.  "  ill-treated 
heroine ;  recognition  by  means  of  shoe."  In  the  case  of  Bombay, 
as  far  as  the  summary  shows  (p.  11),  it  is  very  normal.  The 
heroine  is  aided  by  a  cow :  a  cock  is  the  bird-witness :  a  shoe 


INTRODUCTION.  IX 

helps  the  recognition  :  the  foes  are  punished.     Which  of  the  ideas 
is  peculiarly  Indian  ? 

Then  (p.  91)  we  have  the  "indeterminate"  form  of  Madras.  It 
begins  with  a  girl  whose  lips  drop  gems  i^Les  Fees  in  Perrault). 
Her  life  is  in  a  necklace.  (Separable  Life  :  familiar  everywhere, 
as  in  ancient  Egypt,  Maspero,  Contes  Egyptiens.)  Lost  shoe,  as 
in  Rhodopis,  in  Herodotus.  Owner  found,  then  jealousy  of 
prince's  first  wife,  and  no  more  of  Cinderella  here,  but  plenty  of 
other  popular  incidents.  The  third  case  is  not  more  valuable  for 
our  purpose. 

If  India  preserves  no  more  than  this,  why  are  we  to  look  for 
the  origin  of  the  story  in  India?  The  shoe  occurs  in  Annam 
(p.  28)  absolutely  involved  in  a  mass  of  other  donnees^  some 
familiar  in  Cupid  and  Psyche^  some  in  all  tales  of  Grateful  Beasts ; 
the  Revenge  is  that  of  Thyestes,  and  of  Gudrun  on  Atli.  Ar- 
menia (p.  4)  mixes  up  **  Little  Brother  and  Little  Sister 
(Grimm)  with  a  mass  of  casual  incidents,  as  of  heroine  inside 
fish ;  the  story  is  a  hotch-potch  of  stor>'  formulae.  The  other 
Asiatic  versions  are  of  the  Peau  d'Ane  variety.  If  India  be  the 
centre,  why  have  we  so  few  Indian  examples;  why,  in  lands 
relatively  near  India,  is  the  tale  so  corrupted  from  the  type  which 
we  have  chosen ;  how  do  v/e  know  that  the  tale  was  not  carried 
into  India? 

If  we  look  at  Europe,  there  is  always  the  chance  that  a  book  so 
popular  as  Perrault's  suggested  the  form  which  the  tale  has  taken. 
Our  only  standard,  as  far  as  I  can  see,  is  archaism,  the  presence 
of  elements  more  barbaric  than  Perrault  offers.  Such  elements 
are  unlikely  to  have  been  added  to  Perrault ;  more  probably  he, 
or  earlier  French  taste,  discarded  them.  In  3  (p.  2),  from  the 
Riviera,  we  see  Perrault's  Fairy  Godmother  mixed  up  with  a  more 
archaic  form  in  a  foolish  way :  perhaps  there  is  here  an  infusion 
from  the  literary  version. 

One  method  we  might  use,  we  might  examine  the  tale  in  the 
form  which  it  assumes  among  the  most  primitive  peoples.  From 
America  Miss  Cox  only  cites  examples  of  Brazil,  Chili,  and  the  West 
Indies :  in  all  of  which  European  importation  is  probable  or  certain. 


X  INTRODUCTIOS. 

I  confess  that  1  sec  litlte  hope  of  light  from  savage  lands,  unless  we 
can  find  a  race  so  remote  and  untouched  by  Europe  that  it  can 
hafdly  have  borrowed,  or  unless  we  discover  mUn-fun  recorded  by 
old  travellers  and  missionaries.  I  have  cited  a  few  in  various 
works  on  the  topic.  The  Zulus  can  scarcely  have  imported  iheir 
laige  store  of  mdrelun  recently,  but  these  may  have  filtered  south 
from  old  Eg>pt,  or  through  the  Arabs  or  other  builders  of  the  cities 
in  Mashonalaiid,  The  cases  of  Samoa  and  the  Huarochiris  seem 
the  most  singular;  the  mdrchen  have  long  been  part  of  the 
national  divine  and  heroic  myths.  Among  forms  from  remote 
peoples,  Miss  Cox  only  gives  the  Kafifir  "Wonderful  Horns". 
Here,  wilh  a  boy  for  hero,  we  have  elements  of  "  The  Black  Bull 
of  Norroway":  the  Cinderella  feature  is  ihe  winning  of  a  marriage 
by  help  of  a  costly  mantle  and  ornaments  magically  provided.  I 
do  not  believe  this  lale  to  be  of  reteni  importation. 

One  thing  is  plain,  a  naked  and  shoeless  race  could  not  have 
invented  Cinderella.  Beyond  this  I  cannot  go.  As  far  as  the 
evidence  proves,  any  incident  or  incidents  of  the  common  store 
may  be  interwoven  in  any  sequence.  Rut  certain  sequences  have 
been  the  fittest,  and  have  therefore  survived.  The  sequence 
in  Perrault  has  hern  among  the  fittest,  and  I  can  believe  that  this 
particular  arrangement  was  invented  once  for  all.  But  all  the 
elements  appear  in  other  combinations.  Jealous  sicpmother  and 
sisters ;  magical  aid  by  a  bea.st ;  a  marriage  won  by  gifts  magically 
provided;  a  bird  revealing  a  secret;  a  recognition  by  aid  of  a 
ring,  or  shoe,  or  what  not ;  a  dinoutrntnt  of  punishment ;  a  happy 
marriage — all  those  things,  which,  in  this  sequence,  make  up 
CittdenSla,  may  and  do  occur  in  an  incalculable  number  of  other 
combinations. 

The  mdr(htn  is  a  kaleidoscope :  ihe  incidents  arc  the  bits 
of  coloured  glass.  Shaken,  they  fall  into  a  variety  of  attractive 
forms;  some  forms  are  fitter  than  others,  survive  more  jiowcrfully, 
and  arc  more  widely  spread.  This  is  the  limit  of  my  theorising 
on  the  affirmative  side.  On  the  negative,  I  sec  no  reason  for 
cxiiecting  to  fuid  any  centre  of  origin,  and  no  e*-idence  for  India 
as  that  centre.     On  the  anthropological  side,  I  think  ihut  we  find 


INTRODUCTION.  XI 

the  origin  of  many  incidents  in  the  early  mental  habits  of  man- 
kind, and  of  a  few  in  early  custom. 

Being  unable  to  throw  any  more  light  on  Cinderella^  I  may 
take  advantage  of  the  opportunity  to  show  what  I  think  about 
Popular  Tales,  their  origin  and  diffusion,  as,  from  certain  criticisms, 
my  position  seems  not  to  be  understood.  This  may  be  chiefly 
my  fault,  partly  that  of  other  antiquaries,  who,  I  think,  incline  to 
credit  me  with  notions  which  I  do  not  entertain.  These  criticisms 
were  expressed  at  the  Folk-lore  Congress  of  1891,  in  papers 
which  I  was  not  fortunate  enough  to  hear,  and  I  have  only  now 
read  them  in  the  records  of  the  Congress.  The  results  at  which 
I  arrived,  provisionally  as  it  were,  have  been  a  good  deal  criticised, 
as  by  Mr.  Jacobs  and  M.  Cosquin,  the  author  of  the  learned  and 
valuable  Contes  de  Lorraine}  Perhaps  I  may  now  offer  a  few 
remarks  on  their  criticisms.  It  is  hardly  worth  while  to  answer 
a  suggestion  that  I  am  indifferent  to  the  literary  ment  of  the 
tales,  or  ignorant  of  the  constructive  art  which  is  sometimes,  by 
no  means  always,  displayed  in  the  composition  of  Cinderella^  for 
example.  Ever  since  I  could  read,  and  long  before  I  ever 
dreamed  that  fairy-tales  might  be  a  matter  of  curious  discussion, 
those  tales  have  been  my  delight.  I  heard  them  told  by  other 
children  as  a  child>  I  even  rescued  one  or  two  versions  which 
seem  to  have  died  out  of  oral  tradition  in  Lowland  Scots ;  I  con- 
fess that  I  still  have  a  child-like  love  of  a  fairy-story  for  its  own 
sake ;  and  I  have  done  my  best  to  circulate  Fairy  Books  among 
children.  Coming  from  childhood  into  the  light  of  common  day, 
I  found  certain  theories  of  popular  talcs  chiefly  current.  They 
were  regarded  as  the  detritus  of  Myths,  the  last  echo  of 
stories  of  Gods  and  Heroes,  surviving  among  the  people.  These 
myths,  again,  were  explained,  by  the  schools  of  Schwartz,  Kuhn, 
Max  Miiller,  as  myths  either  of  storm,  thunder,  and  lightning,  or 
of  the  Sun  and  Dawn.  Further,  the  myths,  and  also  the  tales,  were 
believed  to  be  essentially  and  exclusively  Aryan,  parts  of  the  common 
Aryan  heritage,  brought  from  the  cradle  of  the  Arj'an  race.   The  solar 

^  Paris,  1886.     Sec  Mr.  Jacobs  on  the  Science  of  Folk-talcs,  and  M.  Cosquin, 
Les  Iiuidents  Communst  in  International  Folk-lore  Congress.  1891  (Nutt). 


elemental  theories  of  the  origin  of  myths,  and  c 
delrilus,  popular  tales,  did  not  convince  me.  The  linguistic  pro- 
cesses by  which  words  and  phrases  of  forgotlen  meaning  developed 
into  the  mylhs,  did  not  seem  to  me  to  be  salisfactory  solutions. 
I  observed  that  tales  similar  to  the  Aryan  in  incident  and  plot 
existed  in  non-Aryan  countries— Africa,  Samoa,  New  Guinea, 
North  and  Central  America,  Finland,  among  the  Samoyeds,  and 
so  forth.  As  it  was  then  denied  that  tales  were  lent  and  borrowed, 
from  people  to  fjeople,  I  looked  for  an  explanation  of  the 
similarities.  The  same  stories  were  not  likely  to  be  evolved 
among  peoples  who  did,  and  peoples  who  did  not,  spetik  an 
Atyan  language,  if  language  misunderstood  was  the  source  of 
tales.  I  also  reached  the  conclusion  that,  when  similar  incidents 
and  plot  occurred  in  a  Cireek  heroic  myth  (say  the  Aigonautic 
Legend  or  the  Odyss(y)  and  in  popular  tales  current  in  Finland, 
Samoa,  Zululand,  the  tales  are  not  the  dttrilus  of  the  heroic  myth, 
hut  the  epic  legend,  as  of  Jason  or  Odysseus,  is  an  artistic  and 
hterary  modification  of  the  more  ancient  laic.  The  characters 
of  the  talt  are  usually  anonymous,  and  the  places  are  vague  and 
nameless.  The  characters  of  the  tpU  are  named,  they  are  national 
heroes;  the  events  are  localised;  they  occur  in  Greece,  Colchis, 
and  so  forth.  So  I  concluded  that  the  donnh  was  ancient 
and  popular,  the  epic  was  comparatively  recent  and  artistic. 
Next  I  observed  that  the  tales  generally  contained,  while  the  epics 
usually  discarded,  many  barbaric  incidents,  such  as  cannibalism, 
magic,  talking  animals.  I'urther,  1  perceiied  that  the  tales  varied 
in  "culture"  with  the  civilisation  of  the  people  who  told  them. 
Among  savages,  say  Bushmen,  or  in  a  higher  grade  Zulus,  the 
characters  were  far  more  frequently  animals  than  in  European 
marehen.  The  Bushman  girl  who  answers  to  Medea  is  not  the 
daughter  of  a  wiiard  king,  but  the  wife  of  an  elephant.  The 
same  peculiarity  marks  savage  religious  mylhs.  The  gods 
beasts  or  birds.  These  facts  led  me  to  suppose  that  the  tales 
M«ni  very  ancient,  and  had  been  handed  down,  with  ; 

from  ages  of  savagery  to  ages  of  civilisation. 

class  which  retains  the  tales  has  been  eo  conaerv 


INTRODUCTION.  Xlli 

and  unaltered,  that  many  of  the  wilder  features  of  the  original 
tale  (discarded  in  early  artistic  and  national  epic)  linger  on  in 
tndrchen.  Thus,  in  most  peasant  versions  of  the  Cinderella 
theme,  the  wonder-working  character  is  a  beast,  a  sheep  in  Scot- 
land ;  sometimes  that  beast  has  been  the  heroine's  mother.  In 
our  usual  Cinderella^  derived  from  Perrault's  version  (1697),  the 
wonder-working  character  is  a  fairy  godmother.  Thus  I  seemed 
to  detect  a  process  of  genealogy  like  this  : 

Original  Talc,  probably  of  Savage  Origin. 
Popular  Tale  of  Peasants. 


Ancient  Literary  Heroic  Myth.  Modern  \Jxix2xy  Version. 

(Homer.     Cyclic  Poems.     Argonautica.  (Perrault.) 

Layi  of  Sigurd.     Nibelungenlied. 
Perseus  Myth,  etc.) 

Discovering  an  apparent  process  of  refinement  and  elaboration, 
and  behind  that  ideas  very  barbaric,  I  examined  the  more  peculiar 
incidents  of  popular  tales.  Talking  beasts  are  common,  beasts 
acting  as  men  are  common :  no  less  common,  among  savages,  is 
the  frame  of  mind  in  which  practically  no  distinction  is  taken 
between  gods,  beasts,  and  men.  The  more  barbaric  the  people, 
the  more  this  lack  of  distinction  marks  their  usages,  ritual,  myth, 
and  tales.  Of  magic  and  cannibalism  it  is  needless  to  speak.  The 
more  civilised  the  people,  the  less  of  these  elements  appears  in 
their  ritual,  usage,  and  myth :  most  survives  in  their  popular  tales, 
and  even  in  these  it  is  gradually  mitigated.  My  conclusion  was 
that  the  tales  dated  from  an  age  of  savage  fancy. 

Lastly,  I  seemed  to  note,  in  European  popular  tales,  some  relics 
of  ancient  legal  custom.  The  constant  preference  of  the  young- 
est child,  boy  or  girl,  might  conceivably  point  to  a  time  when  the 
youngest  child  was  the  heir,  as  in  Borough  English  :  a  very  wide- 
spread custom.  On  this  I  would  not  now  lay  stress ;  another 
natural  reason  may  suggest  the  favour  always  shown  to  Benjamin. 
Besides,  in  adventures,  if  there  is  to  be  accumulating  interest, 
someone  must  fail ;  the  elder  sons  would  attempt  the  adventure 


[NTRODUCTION. 

first ;  consequently  ihe  youngest  must  be  the  successful  hero.  1 
have  endeavoured  to  reverse  the  process  in  the  J/isfory  of  Print 
Prigio.  On  the  other  hand,  I  still  incline  to  believe  that  the  pro- 
hibitions on  naming  or  seeing  the  bride,  with  the  supernatural 
sanction  of  punishment  for  infringing  the  taboo,  account  for  the 
central  incidents  in  stories  like  Cupid  and  Psyc/u.  If  this  be  a 
mined,  it  points  to  a  very  remote  origin  of  the  tale,  in  an  ancient 
stratum  of  custom,  obsolete  in  Europe.  This,  in  itself,  is  i 
curious  little  piece  of  human  history.  Again,  the  setting  of  a  man 
lo  do  dangerous  feats,  before  he  can  win  his  bride,  is  a  matter  of 
known  custom.  In  heroic  Greece,  a  bride  was  usually  bought, 
as  now  among  the  Zulus,  by  a  price  of  oxen.  But  a  man  might 
make  the  accomplishment  of  difficult  feats  the  price  of  his 
daughter's  hand ;  such  fe.tls  are  the  winning  of  the  oxen  of  Iphiclus, 
the  sowing  of  the  dragon's  teeth.  The  result  of  all  ihsse  con- 
sideratiotis  would  be  that  tales  were  first  told  when  the  incidents 
in  them,  so  astonishing  to  a  ci\-ilised  mind,  were  matters  of 
ordinary  belief  and  custom,  when  beasts  might  act  like  men, 
when  there  were  nuptial  Liboos,  when  magic  and  cannibalism 
were  prevalent  The  incidents  would  no  more  startle  people 
fiction  then,  than  a  duel,  a  stolen  child,  a  discovered  will,  startle 
novel-readers  now.  But,  as  Sainte-Beuve  says,  had  we  inherited  no 
fairy-tales,  and  started  to  teil  nursery-tales  in  full  civilisation,  the 
incidents  of  Puts  in  Boots  would  not  have  been  invented. 

That  is  all  my  theory:  the  tales  are  of  immense  antiquity,  and 
dale  from  a  period  of  wild  fancy,  like  that  in  which  the  n 
backward  races  are  slill  or  were  yesterday. 

I  have  disclaimed  any  theory  about  the  original  Home,  or  the 
diffusion  of  the  talcs.  I  have  frequently  shown  the  many  ways  in 
which  a  tale,  once  conceived,  might  be  diffused  or  transmitted. 
It  might  be  carried  by  women,  compelled,  by  the  law  of  exogamy, 
to  marry  into  an  alien  group.  It  might  he  carried  by  slaves  all 
across  Africa,  and,  in  old  times,  to  America.  A  slave  of  Javan 
might  tell  a  Greek  talc  among  Ph<enicians  or  Assyrians.  Soldiers 
of  Alexander  might  carry  them  to  Egypt.  A  viking  expedition  of 
early  Greeks  in  Egypt,  such  as  Odysseus  describes  {Odyssey,  xiv, 


iMTRonmioN.  \v 

M75),  might  cnn-y  off  an  Egyptian  captive  with  his  tales,  or  the 
tpreck  himself  might  betaken  and  sold,  wiih  his  tales,  into  Libya. 
Tales  might  come  ai^d  go,  north  and  soutli,  with  the  amber  on 
the  Sacred  Way,  How  tales  known  in  the  old  world  could  be 
Kcarricd  to  the  Huaiochins,  subjects  of  the  Incas,  or  to  Samoa, 
l-Vrtd  itiCK  get  ina-uiUd in  fAe  sabred  national  myl/is,  entirely  puzzles 
'  in«,  nor  can  1  very  readily  see  how  a  whole  mass  of  our  tales  came 
to  be  diffused  among  Zulus  and  Bushmen,  Red  Indians  and 
^^  Eskimo,  But  "anything  might  happen  in  the  great  backward 
^^nf  tine",  as  Aristotle  says.  I  do  not  deny  that  such  diffusion  and 
^^PtnuismisKon  is  possible. 

^^K    On  the  other  hand,  1  have  frecjuently  said  that,  given  a  similar 

^^hute  of  taste  and  fancy,  similar  beliefs,  similar  circumstances,  a 

^^^imifar  tale  might  conceivably  be  independently  evolved  in  regions 

^^nemote  f rom  each  other.     We  know  that  Similar  patterns,  similar 

^Hirt    (compare    Aztec    and     Mycena^n    pottery    in    the    British 

^V  Museum),  have  thus  been  independently  evolved  ;  so  have  similar 

cosmic  myths,  similar  fables,  similar   riddles,  similar  proverbs, 

dmilar    customs    and    institutions.       Mr.    Eraser's   learned   and 

copious   work.    The   Golden  Baugh,    is    full    of   examples.      All 

I  history  is  full  of  examples,   and  the  Spanish  missionaries   met 

r  Baptism,  Confession,  and  a  ghastly  Communion  in  Mexico.     Is  it 

plmpossible,  then,  that,  out  of  simibr  materials,  similar  mArcken 

I  might  be  independently  evolved? 

Here  M.  Cosquin  says  that,  in  certain  cases  at  least,  it  is  im- 
I  possible.  He  may  be  right,  I  am  not  indissolubly  wedded  to  the 
■■theory  of  possible  independent  evolution  of  stories  akin  let  us 
Esay,  to  Cupid  and  Piy<he.  As  to  that  tale,  and  most  others,  M. 
f  Cosquin  claims  for  it  an  Indian  origin.  Now,  I  will  grant,  for  the 
1  sake  of  ai^umetit,  that  this,  that,  and  the  other  tale  may  have  an 
[■  original  home,  was  invented  once  for  all,  and  was  diffused  into  all 
f  the  regions  where  it  is  found.  But  why  is  India  to  be  that  original 
I  home?  Here  I  cannot  agree  with  M,  Cosquin.  I  have  shown, 
I  in  minute  detail,  that  no  single  incident,  or  custom,  or  idea,  in 
I  Ct^id  and  J'sye/ie,  is  peculiar  to  India,  All  are  either  universally 
Jiiunan,  or  incidental  to  a  certain  ancient  state  of  society,  which 


JTVi  rKTRODUCTlON. 

has  left  traces  everywhere.  As  M.  Cosquui  is  weinffiS^Tu^ 
oldest  mSrcken  in  literary  form  are  derived  from  an  Egyptian 
Ijapynis  of  the  age  of  the  second  Ranieses.^  What  reason  can  we 
allege  for  supposing  that  Egypt  borrowed  them  from  India,  or 
India  from  Egypt?  ^\'e  have  no  evidence  at  all  as  to  their  place 
of  origin.  Again,  we  have  the  well-known  marchtn  embodied 
in  the  Odyssey,  the  Perseus  legend,  the  Jason  legend,  all  much 
older  than  Greek  knowledge  of  India.  The  Cyclic  poems  can 
hardly  be  placed  later  than  the  eighth  century  b.c.  In  them  we 
find  traces  of  the  miirc>ie»  of  Keen  Eye,  the  constant  companion 
of  the  hero  in  tnan/ien,  as  also  of  Jason. ^  We  have  the  pursuit 
of  Nemesis,  who  takes  various  animal  forms,  like  a  character  in 
the  MatinogioH,  and  another  in  T/ie  Arabian  Nighti,  and  the 
Giant  in  Puss  and  Boots.  Hesiod  shows  us  ihe  transformed 
character.  Metis,  swallowed  by  Zeus,  when  she  is  a  fly,  as  the 
Giant,  in  form  ofamousejis  swallowed  by  Puss  in  Boots.  Abo,  in 
the  Cypria  we  have  the  girls  who  produce  com,  wine,  and  oil,  as 
in  a  Buddhist  legend.''  But  this  was  Greek  before  Buddha  was 
born,  what  shows  it  to  have  been  borrowed  from  India?  The 
story  of  the  rescue  of  Htsione  from  the  monster,  a  common  oc- 
currence in  meircken,  is  ancient  Greek  :  what  has  India  to  do  with 
the  matter?  These  reinforce  the  evidaice  of  that  regular  marcheri, 
ihel'erseus  tale,  with  the  Cap  of  Darkness,  a  "  property"  of  marrAfn 
known  to  the  lUaJ.  The  Jason  legend,  as  it  stands,  is  a  mass  of 
miirehtn;  the  first  part  is  the  flight  of  two  children,  known  in 
Samoycd  (Castren),  in  Grimm,  in  modern  Greek.  The  second 
part  is  our  FarTravtUed  Tale.  Our  Odyssey  is  notoriously  a 
tissue  of  mareAen. 

If  M.  Cosijuin  still  holds  that  ail  these,  with  the  ancient  Egyptian 
story  of  Bitiou.  came  from  India,  it  would  be  well  for  him  to 
demonstrate  the  point  by  evidence.  There  is  no  trace  of  ancient 
Egyptian  or  ancient  Greek  acquaintance  with  India,  I  am  not 
denying  that  the  marc/un  of  ancient  Greece  and  Egypt  may  have 
come  from  India,  in  course  of  commerce  and  slave-dealing.  But 
■  Mupero.  Cimiei  BgypHrni, 

•  Cyfria.     In  KinkHV  Bfiinnm  Cnrrm.,1  Fragvtnu.  p.  iB, 

•  Of.  at.  p.  Bj, 


B  IS  no  ewidence  Ihat  East  borrowtd  from  Wesi,  or  West  from 

.    East.      Stones  must  have  spread  bcth  ways,  later,  in  Alexander's 

I  conquest,  and  with  Buddhist  wanderers,  and  in  commerce,  the 

I  C[uud«s,  Arab  adaptations  done  into  Latin,  into  French,  and  so 

on,  but  why  should  India  be  the  original  home  of  marcheni     I 

have  destroyed  the  theory  that  the  ideas  and  customs  are  peculiarly 

'  Indian.     I  have  shown  that,  if  Puss  in  Boots  was  originally  Indian, 

I  with  a  Buddhistic  moral,  gratitude  to  animals,  that  moral  does  not 

1  the  Indian  form  of  Puss  in  Boats}      Till   M.  Cosquin 

I  shows  that  the  ancient  Greek  and  Egyptian  miircken  originated  in 

India,  a  country  unknown  to  ancient  Greece  and  Egypt,  1  fear  1 

cannot  be  converted  to  his  theory   of  India  as  the  cradle  of 

M.  Cosquin  (Ittlemational  Congress,  p.  68)  takes  a  case.  A 
girl  is  delivered  to  a  dragon,  and  saved  by  the  hero,  who  kills  the 
raonster.  I  am  supposed  to  call  the  sacrifice  of  a  girl  lo  a  beast, 
as  an  expiation,  a  "savage  idea".  Eh  Men,  I  really  cannot  call  it 
civilised !  The  west  coast  of  Africa,  where  sharks  do  duty  for 
dragons,  is  the  only  place  where  I  remember  the  rite  in  actual 
practice.  Garcilasso  de  la  Vega  mentions  a  similar  custom  in 
Peru.  Given  the  rite,  the  rescue  would  be  heroic.  So  far,  the 
idea  might  be  developed  among  any  people  who  practise  the  rite. 
But  what  folloYfS?  The  hero  falls  asleep  as  he  waits  for  the 
monatci;  the  girl  lends  his  bair  ("catches  vermin  in  it",  not 
a  civilised  attention,  except  in  the  case  of  Prince  Charles  in  his 
Highland  distresses),  twines  a  ring  in  the  hair,  sees  the  monster 
approach,  drops  a  hot  tear  which  wakens  the  hero ;  the  dragon 
cries,  "  Hullo,  here 's  a  pair  of  you !"  This  incident  is  found  in 
the  Greek  isle  of  Syra,  in  a  modem  Nubian  story,  details  and 
all,  in  Armenia;  and  the  "burning  tear"  in  WallachJan  and 
Swedish. 

Do  1  believe  that  the  details  have  been  independently  developed 
in  Syra,  Nubia,  Armenia? 

Certainly  I  do  not  believe  it.  I  believe  the  scene  has  been 
invented,  as  it  occurs  in  this  tale,  once  for  all,  and  diffused  in  the 
various  ways  which  I  have  suggested. 

'  I'nraull'i  Talcs.  Ptiti  in  fltvli. 


INTRODrCTTOW. 

It  the  sacrifice  of  the  girl  to  the  monster,  I 
hero — do  I  believe  that  to  be  of  Indian  origin  ? 

Why  should  I  believe  that  Perseus  and  Andromeda,  Heracles 
and  Hesione,  were  borrowed  from  India  by  Greece  before  or 
sbout  Homer's  time?  1  have  no  evidence  to  show  whether 
Greece  borrowed  the  incident  or  not,  and  I  believe  the  incident 
might  be  invented  wliercvtr  people  were  capable  of  sacrificing  a 
woman  to  a  wild  beast.  That  coincidence  of  fancy  is  as  possible 
as  the  Rescue  from  the  Bull  In  modem  novels. 

Again,  I  do  not  say  that,  if  we  find  nuptial  taboos  in  a  siory  in 
a  given  country,  therefore  that  country  once  practised  nuptial 
taboos.  I  believe  that  the  nuptial  taboo  accounts  for  the  origin 
of  the  incident  in  the  tale,  but  the  tale  may  have  been  borrowed, 
and  the  taboo  may  never  have  been  practised  in  the  country 
where  we  find  the  story. 

I  cannot  guess  why  I  am  supposed  to  lay  stress  on  this  theory 
of  independent  evolution  of  tales.  In  the  conclusion  of  "  A  Far- 
Travelled  Tale"  (in  Custom  and  Myth)  I  give  the  three  hypotheses, 

I  "  that  all  wits  jumped,  and  invented  the  same  sequence  of  situa- 
tions by  accident";  that  all  men  spread  from  one  centre,  and  carried 
a  tale  of  the  centre  everywhere,  or  "  that  the  story,  once  invented, 
has  drifted  all  round  the  world".  I  show  how  the  diffusion  might 
conceivably  be  accounted  for  by  exogamy,  trade,  slave-dealing, 
war,  "by  all  these  agencies,  working  through  dateless  time," 
"MmH  may  be  due  to  the  identity  everywhere  of  early  fancy ; 
something  to  transmission",  as  M.  Cosquin  quotes  me  {Infrvdw- 
tion  to  Grimm,  xlii,  xliii).  I  should  have  said  "  much"  in  both 
clauses.  In  fact,  I  am  obliged  to  say  that  I  know  not  how  the 
stories  arc  so  similar,  for  transmission  to  the  Western  Pacific  coast 
from  India,  Africa,  or  Europe  is  difficult  to  accept.  But  the 
backward  of  time  and  the  possibilities  of  migration  are  infinite. 
Thus  no  one  can  say  that  I  dogmatise.     But  my  fault  is  not 

I  dogmatising  against  tiie  possibility  of  independent  development. 

1  Thus,  in  Cupid  and  Psyth^,  M.  Cosquin  says :  "  According  to  Mr. 

]  Lang,  a  'fortuitous  combination'  of  fantastic  elements  might  pro- 

I  ducc,  at  one  moment,  in  a  number  of  countries,  the  following 


hk^&i 


INTROUUCTION.  XIX 

adventures :  Girl  to  be  devoted  to  a  serpent  or  other 
monster,  who  is  really  a  man  in  a  beast's  skin,  He  raanles  the 
girl  She  may  not  sec  her  lord ;  is  betrayed  into  disobeying  this 
nile ;  ihc  husband  disa]>i)ears ;  she  wanders  in  quest  of  him ;  is 
set  on  impossHile  tasks  by  his  mother ;  accomplishes  them  by  aid 
of  animals ;  she  and  her  lord  arc  reunited.  Mr.  Lang  thinks  this 
little  romance,  with  its  chain  of  adventures,  might  be  invented  at 
once  in  I  know  not  how  many  countries,  and  mif;hi  spring  armed 
from  1  know  nol  how  many  brains.  That  mould  be  the  miracle  1" 
It  would,  indeed,  only  I  never  said  anything  of  the  sort,  as  far  as 
1  remember.  I  said  that  all  the  incidents  were  either  universally 
huma:i,  like  Psyche's  jealous  sisters,  or  were  suggested  by  nuptial 
taboos  and  other  customs,  common  in  many  countries.  I  never 
said  that  all  the  tale  of  Apuleius  might  spring  from  any  number 
of  aavage  brains  all  at  once.  What  I  said,  and  what  I  demonstrated, 
is,  thai  tales  of  a  simHar  character,  turning  on  transgression  of 
a  nuptial  taboo,  might  and  did  occur,  probably  independendy, 
amnng  Zulus  and  Red  Indians.  Some  of  the  proofs  are  given, 
from  Zulu  and  Red  Indian  sources,  in  Cupid,  Psyche,  and  the  Sun- 
/rcf.  They  difler  greatly  in  detail  and  "sequence  of  adventure". 
l^Tiat  is  consistent  is  the  disappearance  of  wife  or  husband,  on 
the  infringement,  by  husband  or  wife,  of  a  mysterious  prohibition. 
1  argu«  "talcs  t>«  /he  patfern  of  Cupid  and  Psyche  might  have 
been  evolved,  wherever  a  curious  nuptial  taboo  required  to  be 
sanctioned,  or  explained,  by  a  myth",  I  added  that  "they  might 
also  have  been  transmitted  in  the  unknown  past  of  our  race". 
Where  the  sequence  of  adventures  in  Apuleius  is  stricdy  pre 
served,  there  I  believe  firmly  in  transmission,  in  borrowing. 
Where  the  sequence  does  not  occur,  but  the  essence  or  central 
point  does  occur,  the  disappearance  of  wife  or  husband,  usually 
37  less  supernatural,  often  occasionally  invested  with  an 
B  form — ^when  ihis  occurs  in  -South  Africa  or  North  ;\inerica, 

I  blended  wiUi  local  superstitions,  there  I  believe  that  independent 

I  development  is  perfectly  possible. 

It  b  not  hard  to  confute  an  opponent,  if  it  may  be  done  by 
auributing  to  him  a  theory  which  he  does  not  hold,  and  dis- 


XX  INTRonUCTtON. 

proving  t^al.  We  are  all  prone  to  adopt,  unconsciously,  that 
fonn  of  reasoning,  "du  moins  si  j'en  juge  par  la  confusion 
regnant  dans  beaucoup  d'espriis",  as  M.  Cosquin  says.  There  is 
a  point  ai  which  ihe  sequence  and  combination  of  incidents  into 
a  plot  can  only  have  been  made  once,  and  that  point  is  reached 
wherever  a  tale  like  Cttptd  and  Psycht  txaclly  follows  the  arrange- 
ment of  Apuleius.  But  other  tales,  retaining  its  peculiar  central 
situation,  do  not  present  its  sequence  of  plot.  In  the  case  of 
certain  remote  and  backward  peoples,  their  lale  of  this  kind,  to 
my  thinking,  may  be  of  independent  origin,  while  I  do  not  and 
did  not  deny  that  they  may  have  boirowed  and  altered  it.  In 
fact,  I  decline  to  dogmatise.' 

Mr.  Jacobs  is  my  next  critic.  He  insists  that  to  study  sur- 
vivals in  the  tale  is  not  to  study  the  tale.  1  suppose  I  have 
"  studied  the  lale",  more  or  less.  My  reason  for  writing  on  it 
was  to  show  that  the  peculiarities  of  the  tale  could  be  accounted 
for  without  the  use  of  Mr.  Max  Mullet's  solar  theory  :  this  was  a 
late  performance,  like  the  rest  of  the  world,  I  first  read  the  tale 
for  pleasure.  Mr.  Jacobs  likens  me  to  one  who.  In  future  ages, 
should  study  The  Mystery  of  a  Hansom  Cali,  to  learn  the  properties 
of  hansom  cabs,  and  ai^ue  that  the  story  was  written  to  illustrate 
these.  The  mystery  of  Mr.  Jacobs'  vein  of  humour !  However, 
it  is  true  that  I  do  regard  some  marchtn  "  as  a  species  of  Tcndent 
Somari",  stories  with  a  purpose,  or  ca|)able  of  being  used,  at  least, 
to  point  a  moral.  There  is  no  mistake  about  the  moral  in  the 
talcs  where  charity  or  courtesy  are  denied  by  the  first  and  second 
adventurer,  who  fail,  granted  by  the  third,  who  succeeds.  Per- 
rault  notices,  perhaps  exaggerates  this  truth.  Now,  1  can  conceive 
that,  when  some  young  bride  olijected  to  the  irrational  taboo,  then 
a  taboo  story^lhe  awful  results  of  breaking  a  laboo — was  told  to 
her :  that  is  not  out  of  human  nature.  Mr.  Jacobs  admits  that 
savage  customs  and  ideas  do  "olivtously"  occur  in  fairy-tales,  but 
these  are  "  not  the  essence  of  the  story".  The  "  obviousness"  was 
not  GO  manifest,  I  am  conceited  enough  to  say,  before  it  was  set 

y  tmvc  cauted  confiuinn  irg  uylng  "Ihc  Uilc"  at  Cufii  ami  Piycit,  in 
a  Catlom  and  Mylh.     I  iboutd  have  salil  "Ihe  essenliiiJ  utcldenl  In 


INTRODUCTION.  XXl 

forth.  The  essence  of  the  story,  as  literature,  is  the  story,  of 
course,  but,  while  the  solar  explanation  prevailed,  it  was  desirable 
to  study  the  element  of  savage  survival.  As  for  the  literature,  for 
the  tale  in  itself,  I  am  so  enamoured  of  it  that  I  cannot,  like  Mr. 
Jacobs,  "  hope*'  for  a  day  when,  "  instead  of  having  to  read  the  tale", 
we  shall  be  content  with  a  technical  summary  of  its  incidents ! 
Having  to  read  the  tale !  It  is  not  a  compulsory  part  of  educa- 
tion, but,  apart  from  the  entertainment,  I  am  prejudiced  in  favour 
of  studying  one's  authorities. 

Mr.  Jacobs  is  curious  to  know  "When  did  the  story  first 
appear,  and  how  was  it  diffused?"  One  greatly  desires,  indeed, 
to  know  when  it  originally  appeared,  and  I  shall  be  the  first 
to  applaud  Mr.  Jacobs  when  he  makes  this  valuable  dis- 
covery. Mdrchcn  (if  we  exclude  some  which  may  have 
won  their  way  into  cosmogonic  myth,  the  story  of  the  Origin 
of  Death,  and  so  on)  first  appear,  in  literature,  in  ancient 
Egypt.  Mr.  Jacobs  does  not  believe  that  the  exclusively  Indian 
origin  has  been  demonstrated :  here  we  can  agree. 

As  to  our  "Far-Travelled  Tale",  of  Jason,  Mr.  Jacobs  says, 
"All  the  countries  where  this  story  is  found  have  been  in  culture- 
contact  with  each  other,"  and  argues  from  that  assertion.  But 
was  Europe  in  "  culture-contact"  with  Samoa,  and  could  a  Euro- 
pean story  become  part  of  the  divine  mythology  of  an  island  first 
sighted  by  Europeans  in  1722  ? 

The  recent  European  importation  of  the  tale  into  Madagascar 
is  possible ;  in  Samoa  the  difficulty  is  greater :  is  ver>'  great.  It 
is  not  a  case  of  showing  incident  A  in  Samoa,  incident  B  in 
Peru,^  as  Mr.  Jacobs  says  is  our  method.  The  whole  story  is 
in  Samoa :  the  hero,  the  god,  the  daughter,  the  tasks,  the  ac- 
complishment of  them  by  the  daughter,  the  flight,  the  magical 
obstacles,  bush,  mountain,  water.  All  are  in  a  Samoan  myth  of 
a  god  and  a  hero.  Were  they  adapted  from  the  stor>'  of  a  beach- 
comber, were  they  diffused  in  some  dateless  wandering  of  men  ? 
They  are  so  close  and  similar  in  sequence  to  European  versions, 
that  the  hypothesis  of  "wits  jumping"  seems  to   be  excluded, 

1  International  Congress^  p.  86. 


as  I  have  said  in  the  Introduction  to  Custom  and  Myth. 

problem  is  obscure.' 

I  know  not  how  or  wliy  this  doubt  of  ours  should  be  called 
"  The  Casual  Theory",  But  incidents  found  in  this  mdrchen  occur, 
like  most  such  incidents,  in  perfectly  different  combinations  r  the 
Flight,  especially,  as  everyone  knows,  is  separable  from  the  rest 
of  the  narrative:  it  may  be  from  a  ghost  in  Hades,  or  from  a 
cannibal  mother  (Japan,  Zulu,  Samoyed). 

If  I  have  anywhere  said  that  coincidence  of  invention  is  the 
one  necessary  explanation  of  the  similarity  of  Popular  Tales,  I 
bum  my  faggot. 

If  I  have  ever  hinted  that  laics  are  only  valualilc  as  materials 
of  anthropology,  instead  of  being  the  oldest  novels,  full  of  grace 
and  chann,  may  the  Folk-lore  Congress  hand  me  over  to  the 
secular  arm. 

I  have  only  maintained  that  similar  institutions  and  a  similar 
imaginative  condition  may  give  rise  to  similarities  in  tales,  and 
even  to  some  combinations  of  incidents,  as  often  occurs  in  modern 
novels,  while  asserting,  at  the  same  time,  that  diffusion  ol  those 
tales  is  ]ierfectly  possible  and  conceivable.  As  to  the  place  and 
date  of  the  very  first  tales,  it  may  be  I'olar,  pre-glacial.  To  seek 
such  a  date  and  place  seems  wasted  labour. 

Perhaps  I  have  made  my  meaning  clear :  I  can  believe  in 
transmission ;  I  can  also  believe  in  independent  invention  o\ 
many  incidents.  In  the  course  of  combination  1  can  believe 
that  some  similar  sequences  may  have  been  evolved  independently. 
At  a  certain  point,  where  the  incidents  are  numerous  and  the 
sequence  exact,  I  disbelieve  in  independent  invention,  or  hold  it 
as  improbable,  to  use  Mr.  Jacobs'  illustration,  as  that  he  should 
bowl  out  Dr.  draee  first  ball. 

1  believe  combinations  of  incidents  may  take  almost  any  form : 
some  forms  are  fittest,  and  survive.  Let  us  try  a  fancy  combina- 
tion. We  may  begin  with  the  childless  pair,  the  child  magically 
conceived.     Let  ihe  mother  die,  leaving  a  dog  lo  daughter.    The 


INTRODUCTION.  XXlll 

father  remarries,  has  two  daughters,  they  spite  the  first  girl. 
They  are  sent  one  by  one  to  accomplish  some  feat,  by  the  dog's 
aid  the  first  daughter  succeeds.  She  is  rewarded  by  a  gift  of 
a  palace  with  a  Bluebeard  chamber.  Her  sisters  urge  her  to 
open  it,  she  finds  an  enchanted  young  man  in  the  form  of  a  statue. 
She  revivifies  him,  they  fly  and  are  pursued — the  usual  "magic 
flight".  She  is  never  to  call  him  by  his  name,  she  does  so ;  he 
forgets  her,  and  is  betrothed  to  her  eldest  sister.  By  dint  of 
presents  provided  by  her  dog,  she  gets  leave  to  cook  a  cake  for 
him,  and  leaves  her  ring  in  the  cake.  He  swears  he  will  only 
marry  the  person  whom  it  fits.  Her  sisters  nip  and  clip  their 
fingers  in  vain.  The  dog  remarks  that  the  true  owner  is  in  the 
kitchen.     She  is  discovered  and  married  to  her  lover. 

What  tale  is  that?  Under  which  type  is  it  to  be  grouped? 
Such  a  combination  is  perfectly  possible,  and  it  may,  perhaps,  be 
difficult  to  put  a  name  on  it.  But  tradition  supplies  abundant 
examples  nearly  as  indeterminate.  I  suppose,  then,  that  story- 
tellers have  always  been  making  combinations,  that  the  best  and 
most  dramatic  survived  in  most  vigour,  that  a  good  type,  like 
Cinderella^  once  hit  upon,  was  diffused  widely.  Beyond  this,  my 
theory  does  not  go,  and  I  am  perfectly  ignorant  of  the  name,  and 
date,  and  home  of  the  first  fortunate  combiner. 

So  I  leave  Cinderella^  entreating  the  gentle  reader  to  believe 

that   I   do  not  prefer  my  stories  as  skeletons,  that   I   am  not 

insensible  to  their  charm  and  life,  that  I  do  not  regard  them  as 

mere  collections  of  anthropological  facts,  or  fancies,  though,  like 

all  literature,  they  have  their  historical  aspect,  which  it  may  have 

been  worth  while  to  insist  on,  for  a  particular  purpose,  and  before 

it  was  obvious  to  the  meanest  capacity.^ 

A.  LANG. 
St.  Andrew's,  Jan,  14. 

1  Miss  Cox  points  out  a  passage  in  my  Perrault  (p.  cxv)  which  might  lead  a 
student  who  read  that  sentence  by  itself  to  believe  that  I  held  the  "Casual"  theory. 
I  have  tried  to  explain  what  I  do  think,  and  leave  it  to  the  ages. 


PREFACE. 


The  incidents  characteristic  of  the  story  of  "Cinderella"  are 
interchangeable  with  a  large  proportion  of  the  incidents  of  the 
"Catskin"  and  "Cap  o'  Rushes"  stories.  In  arranging  the 
variants  belonging  to  the  Cinderella  type,  I  have,  after  conferring 
with  the  Council  of  the  Folk-Lore  Society,  grouped  them,  as  far  as 
possible,  under  the  three  heads :  A. — Cinderella,  B. — Catskin, 
C. — Cap  o' Rushes,  according  to  the  characterising  features  of  each. 
The  essential  incidents  of  each  group  may  be  seen  as  follows  : 


A, — Cinderella. 
ni- treated  heroine. 
Recognition  by  means  of  shoe. 


B.-—Caiskin. 
Unnatural  father. 
Heroine  flight. 


C. — Cap  o'  Rushes. 
King  Lear  judgment. 
Outcast  heroine. 


Those  given  under  B.  and  C.  may  be  regarded  as  the  only 
differentiating  incidents,  the  rest  being  common  to  all  the  stories. 
A  large  number  of  variants,  while  lacking  the  incidents  which 
would  determine  their  place  under  one  of  the  above  heads,  contain 
such  as  are  common  to  all  three  groups.  These  stories  constitute 
group  D. — Indeterminate,  which  is  subdivided  to  show  which 
stories  approximate  most  to  the  Cinderella  type  (Da.),  and  which 
to  the  Catskin  type  (Db.),  the  remainder  not  being  referable  to  any 
distinct  type. 

Group  £.  consists  of  examples  of  Hero-tales^  containing  in- 
cidents common  to  the  Cinderella  variants. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  common  incidents,  showing  in 
which  group  each  recurs  : 


Aid  (various).    A.  a  C.  D.  £. 
Animal  witness.    A.  B.  D. 
Countertasks.     &  D. 
Dead  father  help.    E. 


Dead   (or   transformed)   mother  help. 

A.  B.  D. 
Ear  cornucopia.    A.  D.  £. 
Eating  taboo.    A.  D. 


*  The  term  Hero-tales  is  here  employed  to  designate  those  tales  in  which  the 
rdle  of  Cinderella  is  filled  by  a  hero  instead  of  a  heroine,  and  must  not  be  under- 
stood to  imply  tales  belonging  to  heroic  cycles. 

C 


False  bride.    A.  B.  D. 

Happy  matriige.    A.  B.  C.  D.  E. 

Heulh  abode.    A.  D.  E. 

Help  at  grave.     A.  B.  D.  E. 

Helpful  animal.     A.  B.  D.  E. 

Heroine    disguise   and   hL-ro    diiguist 

A.  B,  C.  D.  E 
Heroine  flight  and  hero  flight.     A,  B, 

D.  E. 
Hiding-bot     R  C.  D. 
lll-trcaied  heroine  and  hero.     A.  D,  E. 
Lost  shoe.    A.  B.  C.  D, 
Lovesick  prince,     R  C.  D. 
Magic  dresses.    A,  B.  C.  D.  P.. 
Maniage  tests.     A.  R.  C.  D.  E. 
Meeting.place,     A.  B.  C.  D.  E. 
Menial  heroine  and  huro.  A,  a  C.  D.  E, 


Mutilated  feel. 

Outcast  heroine  and  hero.     C.  D.  E. 

Pilch  trap,     A.  a  D. 

Rccognilion  by  means  of  shoe  or  ring, 

A.  a  C.  D.  E, 
Recognition  food.     B.  C.  D. 
Revivitied  bones.    A.  D. 
Shoe  marriage  test    A.  R  C.  D. 
Slaying  of  helplul  animal.     A.  D.  E. 
Substituted  bride,    A.  D. 
Surprise  rencontre.     R  C.  D. 
Tasks.     A.  B.  D.  E. 
Task-perfonning  aniroaL     A.  D.  E. 
Threefold  flight.     A,  R  C.  D.  E. 
Token  objects.    A.  &  C.  D, 
Trophy  marriage  lest.     E. 
Villain  Nemesis.     .\.  R  D.  E. 


The  elaborate  story  of  "The  Nymph  of  the  Well"  (Fo/ir- 
miinhen  der  Dtutscheti,  Gotha,  1782),  into  which  Musaus  has 
worked  some  of  the  incidents  of  the  popular  tales  of  Cinderella, 
Dame  Holle,  and  Allerlcirauh,  is  of  too  literary  a  character  to  be 
included  in  the  present  collection.  Amdt's  very  ornate  rendering, 
of  "Aschenbrodel"  (Miirchtn  uni  Jugendtrinnerungtn,  Berlin,, 
1818)  is  omitted  for  the  same  reason. 

I  have  presented  each  story  in  simplest  outline  in  order  to 
facilitate  a  general  survey.  These  Abstracts  are  arranged  bib- 
liographical ly  under  (he  several  groups,  and  are  numbered 
consecutively.  The  Tabulations  which  fill  in  the  details  are 
correspondingly  numbered,  but  are  arranged  bibliographicaUy, 
irrespective  of  the  grouping. 

In  transliterating  Russian,  Slavonic,  and  other  proper  names, 
titles  of  works,  and  story-titles,  1  have  followed,  under  Mr.  Naak^'a 
advice,  the  system  adopted  in  the  Catalogue  of  the  British  Museum 
Library.  For  example,  the  author  variously  referred  to  in  folk-lore 
studies,  as  Vuk,  Wuk,  or  Wouk,  will  be  found  under  the  sur- 
name Karajich.  Consistently  with  this  plan  I  have  also  substi-- 
tuted  Athanas'ev  for  the  more  usual  rendering,  Afanasief. 

The  following  scheme  exhibits  the  diffusion  of  the  Cinderella 
siory  according  to  the  data  afforded  by  the  present  collection  of 
variants.  Each  variant  is  referred  to  by  number,  the  group  to 
which  it  belongs  and  the  collection  from  which  it  is  taken  being  also 
indicated.  Certain  contiguous  countries  are  here  grouped  together 
lo  avoid  their  wide  severance  by  a  purely  alphabetical  arrangement. 


i 


'  Bohemia 
Bosnia  .    . 
bukovika  , 
Carinthia  . 

DA1.UATIA    , 

Galicia  . 

HUKCART 

Moravia 
Slavonia 

Cboatia 


(See  Note  66.) 

D.  30s  (WMocki). 

C.  3IS  {Grimm,  Xlelke). 

A.  1*4  (Vid  Vulclk'  Vukasovii?). 

tprawy./lc);  ija  IZtiar,  tie.). 


( Db,  15S,  a 


UB= 


c<). 


TA.  3a(Dnbstnsk}'):  88  (Nemcovft);  i)i  {Slier). 


buixjaria 

roumania 
.Wallachia 


E.  341  (ZiDgerle). 

B.  15S  {Dozon). 

A.  137  (Wralislaw). 
fA.  17  (Zuccarini.  Das  Aiisland). 
ID.  997  (Schmidl). 
/A.   ufHahn). 
\a    166      ,, 
ra  i9S(Schott). 
{  D  =98        .. 

I.E.  335  (Roumanian  F.  Tala). 
(A,  31  (Denlon};  54  (Karajich). 
\a  131,  >3a,  i3ilAnhiv.,tlt.)\  169  (Karejirb). 

See  RouuANiA. 


BRITAIN 
IRELAND. 


^(Mot. 


l,Da.  asslyoUiitimdi). 

JDb.  a64{Diion|:  367  {HalUwdl]. 

Id,  274lBalfouO- 

/A.«,(Ciirtin). 
IB.  i;d  (Kennedy], 

'"    4  (/frcA.  A'rt.);   a6  (CampbeU);   a?  (C<//, 
'""i'.):  3S(''-^-/);  M  (*n«CW(.);  Mid 
seep,  533  (.M<:Leod), 
■  51.  isalCampbtlf). 
Db.  a63  (t;  bam  ben). 


XXVUl 


PREFACE. 


CYPRUS. 
DENMARK 


A.  53  (Sakellarios). 
(See  Scandinavia). 


/  Agen  and    (C.  211  (Blad^). 
Gascogne.  \D.  275 


»• 


FRANCE    . 


. 


BouRGOGNE.    Da.  230  (Beauvois). 

Basse      (A,  71  (Luzd). 
Bretagne.   \&  177     .. 

(A,  99  (S^bUlot). 
Hte.       JB.  196 
Bretagne.  |  C.  223 
VDa.  251 

B.  Z90  {Hev,  des  Langtus  Romanes), 


•I 
It 


H^AULT 
* Ille  BT 

ViLAINE. 

Lorraine 

POITOU    . 


}b.  iSo  {Af/iusine). 

/&  256  (Cosquin). 
•\Da.  232,  233    M 

/A.  310  (Pineau). 
'\B.  191 


v 


Not 
Localised 


r  A.  56  (d7 
•  \Da.  234  (1 


Aiilnoy);  91  (Perrault). 

Penault). 

(Des  Periers). 


I  a  146  (Bartsch). 


GERMANY     .  ( 


/Hanover    .   D.  279  (Colshorn). 

Hesse  (and  /A.  37  (Grimm). 
Paderborn).    \B»  z6i 

Mecklen- 
burg. 

<; A YOMv         /  Da.  236  (Grimm). 
SAXONY  .    .-[e.  324,  32s  (Haitrich). 

SCHLESWIG-  "J 

Holstein  &  Vd.  294  (MQllenhoff). 
LauenburgJ 

(Meier). 
SWABIA 


r  A.  74.  75 

.      AC.   221 

lDa.309 

Not       ^ 
Vlocaused.  /^  i9(Bechslein);  49(Hagen). 


•I 


GREECE 
ICELAND 


{ 


(See  Balkan  Peninsula). 

A.  9.  lo(Amason);  73(Maurer). 
D.  273 


ITALY    . 


r  CA.  34  (Flnamore). 

Abruzzi  •    .•{B.159         ..        ;  183  (De  Nino). 
^C.  217,  312  „ 

Calabria   .    B.  148  (Basile.  Arckivio), 

EuaiA   .    .    C.  9o8(Wn;>l«vu>);  ai6(Coronedi-Berti). 

\\J,  271,  272    „ 
CPl.  Z22  rVisentini). 

LOMBARDY  .\  g^'^J^""*^*'- 
iDb.  269  (VisenUni). 
^Marches   •  A.  7(Arckivic\, 


PREFACE. 


XXIX 


ITALY    .    . 

{conHnved 


NORWAY    . 
PORTUGAL 


RUSSIA 


/Piedmont 
Rome.    . 


•/  Tuscany 


Venetia 


\ 


Not 
Localised 


Da.  247  (Gubernatis,  Nofvtlla^  eU,). 

A.  23,  24  (Busk). 

B.  150 

C.  214  ,, 
Db.  260.  261,  262  (Busk). 

fA,  28-  (Comparetti) ;  51  (Imbriani). 

B.  134,  13s,  136,  137.  138.  139,  140.  141 
(ArcAivio);  154  (Comparetti) ;  165  (Gubor- 
natis);  192  (Gubernatis,  Rivista,  etc.), 

C.  215  (Comparetti). 
Da.  237  (Gubernatis) ;  239,  240  (Imbriani). 

D.  241  (Imbriani);  246  (Nerucd);  281  (Gradi); 
>    285,  2iB6  (Gubernatis). 

(K.  2o(Bemoni). 

•  •I  B.  157  (Corazzmi). 

\C.  Qo^  (Bemoni). 

A.  id  (Penianurone), 

149  »  : 

M9  .» 

(See  Scandinavia.) 

(See  Spain  and  Portugal.) 


{I 


(Straparola). 


/ 


Finland 


'A  I.  2  jAbcTg),  ^  (Salmelainen), 

JFtHH, ). 


Lithuania 


'  Ostrobothnia  {^  1^.106. 108  (5^.ifeZ4//./^,««.) 

^B.    197     ^  „ 

fA  I,  2  (Aberg), 
*  Tavastland  A     X09  (Soe,  JL  / 
iB.  198 

/B.  194  (Schleicher).  204(Weryho), 
' \    311  (Leskien  and  Bnigman^ 


Poland 


.< 


Cracow    . 

/R  173  (Kolberg). 
•\E.  326.327  .. 

KieUe,    . 

/A.  57 
•\B.  907  (Zbior,  etc). 

Kujawy  . 

.    E.  329  (Kolberg). 

Lublin 

.    E.  330 

Masovia  . 

/  Da.  242, 243  (Kodowski). 
•\E.  340  (Toeppen). 

Plock  .     . 

.    B.  x6  (Zbior,  etc.). 

Radom 

.   A  58  (Kolberg). 

Sandomir 

.    E.  328 

,Not  loealiud  i^  "^  (Wojcicki). 
>  \B,  205  ,, 

(Archangel 


Russia 
Psoper 


Carelia 


Ifasan 


\ 


Da.  252  {Soc.  dt  JUtt,  Finn.), 

A  -95,  96  (Salmelainen),  xoi,  104 

(Soc.  de  Litt,  Finn.), 
B.  199  „ 

Da.  253         „ 

/A  55  (Khudyakov). 
IB.  171,  172    ,. 

A  x6  (Athanas'ev). 


Gnat  Ruma<  ^^^  ^g  \\ 


4^ 

lE.  321 

Olomtg    .    .    A  102  {Soc.  dt  Litt,  Finn,  y 
\.  West  Russia    A.  36  (Glinski).  129  {Zbior)^ 


KXX 


PREFACE. 


SARDINIA 


{ 


A.  5.  6  (Archivio,  Guarnerio) ;  308  (Mango). 

B.  143.  143  ,. 


r 


SCANDI- 
NAVIA. 


Sweden • 


,<i 


Elfsborg  . 
Goitland, 

Oestergoi' 
land. 

North 
Smdland. 

South 
Smaland, 


D.  376  (Bondeson). 
A.  114  (Thorpe). 

I  A.  113 


IIS 


\A.  115,  116,  117  (Thorpe). 

;d. 


Vdrmland 


30a  . 

( A.  22  (Bondeson). 
(C.  212 

Upland  .    .    A.  118.  119  (Thorpe). 

^Not  localised   A.  98  (Samlaren). 

tBygland  ,    .    A.  12  (Asb.  og  Moe). 

"■^W""-    JA-77(Moc). 

Fjeldberg      .    A.  15  (Asb.  og  Moe). 

Flatdal  .    .    R  182  (Moe). 

fA.  iio(Sdegaard). 

\  E.  319  (Asb.  og  Moe);  336  (Siic- 


Gud" 
brandsdal 


gaard). 


Norway    •  ( 


Hardanger 


(A.  13,  14         „ 
.{D.  287  (HaukenMs). 
(E,  320  (Asb.  og  Moe). 


Laurt'ig  ,    .    D.  289  (Janson). 
Setesdalen    .    A.  81,  82  (Moe). 

(A.  33  {Ddlen) ;  78,  79.  80,  83,  84, 
TheUmarken  J     85. 86,  87  ( Moe). 
(S.  Norway)  |  B.  181  (Moe). 

lE.  334      .. 

<NotlocalUed[^^^\^^^'^^    ^   <^^"^>'    "' 


/Falster  Is, 


Jutland 


Denmark  .( 


V 


A.  60  (Kristensen). 

(A,  38  (Gronborg),  39,  40,  41,  42. 
43  (Gnindtvig),  61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 
66,  67  (Kristensen),  100  {Shatte- 
graveren). 

B.  162, 163  (Gnindtvig),  175  (Krist- 
ensen). 

Db.  265  (Gnindtvig). 

D.  280  {Danske  Folkettventyr), 
282,  283.  284  (Gnindtvig),  291, 
292  (Kristensen),  293,  303  (Mol- 
bech).  39^  {SAaltegraveren). 

£.  332  (Knstensen). 


fA-  44, 
I     (Krii 

•   -la  164 
Id.  29G 


Zealand 


A.  44,  45,  46,  48  (Gnindtvig),  59 
(Knstensen). 

(Gnindtvig). 
290  (Kamp). 


^  These  tales  were  collected  by  Danes  before  the  cession  of  Sleswick  to  Germany. 


» 


PREFACE.  XXXI 


rA.  9a(Pitrt). 
cir-ii  \f                                    J  B.  i6o  (Gonzenbach);  i86,  187,  188  (Pitrt). 
^^^^^^ 10.315,316. fl/i>;».-ix 

Id.  29s,  ao6 


317,  318  (Pitrtf). 
295.396 


SPAIN 


AND 


PORTUGAL 


f  (B.  203  (Webster). 

Basque  .    .-!  C.  226         ,. 
(D.  256,  304  „ 

(A.  72  (Maspons) ;  76  (Mild). 
Catalonia.-{  B.  178,  179  „ 
tDa.  24s 

wOviEEK)   .     .    C.  210  {Bidi.  de  /as  Trad,  pop, ). 

^Oporto  .    .    C.  213  (Braga). 

OuRiLHE     .    D.  278  (Coelho). 

Not        TA.  89.  90  (Pedroso). 
>.  \B.  184 


Localised.  \B.  184 

SWEDEN (See  Scandinavia.) 

SWITZERLAND Da.  254  (Sutermeister). 

TURKEY (See  Balkan  Peninsula.) 

ASIA. 

AVAV  r       ....    A.  68(Landes). 

Ax^iAM     .    .    .^binhTuan.    a.  69 

ARMENIA A.  B  {Armen,  Bid/,), 

AQTA  TUTMnp    /SMYRNA  .    .    B.  i67(Hahn);  176  (L«erand). 
AblA  MlJNUK  .  -(^  jg  Qp  chio.    Da.  231  (Camoy-Nicolaidcs). 

C  Bomb  AY.    .    A,  ^s  (Ca/cutia  Rev.) 
INDIA     .    .    .-[Madras     .    Da.  235  (Frere). 

tSALSETTE    .     A.   307  (/«//.  y4«/.). 

japan D.  277(Brauns). 

SYRIA B.  189  (Prym  and  Socin). 


AFRICA. 

ARAB E.  337  (Spitta-Bey). 

KABYLE (See  note  2,  Rivi^e). 

KAFFIR E.  339  (Theal). 

MAURITIUS B.  145  (Baissac). 

AMERICA, 

BRAZIL B.  193  (Rom^o). 

CHILI A,  21  (Bib/,  Trad, pop.), 

W.  INDIES A.  i2o(Turiault); 


XXXll 


PREFACE. 


The  following  is  a  chronological  list  of  Cinderella  variants : — 


A. — Cinderella. 

B.— Catskin. 

C-Cap  o* 
Rushes. 

D. — Indetermiiiate. 

E.— Hero-Tales. 

1544 

•  •  • 

•  •  • 

•  •• 

Des  Periers. 

1550 

•  •  ■ 

Straporola. 

1636 

Basile. 

Basile. 

•  •• 

Basile. 

1694 

•  •• 

PerraulU 

1697 

Pcrrault 

1698 

d'Aulnoy. 

Z8l2 

Grimm. 

Grimm* 

Grimm. 

Grimm. 

1825 

VonderHagen. 

1832 

Zuccarini  (in  Das 
Ausland). 

1839 

Wojcicki. 

Wojcicki. 

/ 

184a 

•  •• 

•  •  • 

«•• 

••* 

Balinski. 

1843 

Asbjomsen     og 
Moe. 

•  ■  • 

•  •• 

Molbech. 

1844 

Hylten-Cavallius. 

•  •  • 

•  •  • 

Hylten-Cavallius. 
Mttllenhoff. 

1845 

Bechstein. 

Schott. 

•  •  • 

Schott 

1846 

Slier  (Erdelyi). 

•  •• 

•  •   B 

Jones  and  Kropf 

(=  Erdelyi). 
Halliwell. 

1849 

••• 

•  •• 

•   •  • 

X852 

Meier. 

•  •  • 

Meier. 

Meier. 

Salmelainen. 

•  •  • 

•  •• 

Zingerle. 

Zingerle. 

1853 

•  •• 

•  •• 

•  •• 

... 

Prdhle. 

1854 

Karajich. 

Grundtvig. 
Karajich. 

•  •• 

Colshom. 

Grundtvig. 

Zingerle. 

Zingerle 

1857 

Ncmcova. 

Schleicher. 

V  •• 

Dixon. 

x86o 

Khudyakov. 

Maurer. 

Waldau. 

Khudyakov. 
Waldau. 

1960-62 

Campbell. 

Campbell. 

1861 

Athanas'ev. 

Athanas'ev. 

•  •• 

Athanas'ev. 

Athanas  ev. 

Z862 

Amason. 

•  •  • 

•  •  • 

Amason. 

Glinski. 

•  •  • 

•  •• 

Beauvois. 

1864 

Von  Hahn. 

Von  Hahn. 
Vemaleken. 

1865 

•  •• 

•  •  • 

•  •• 

Gradi. 

1866 

•  ■• 

•  •• 

•  ■• 

Baracz. 

« 

Wessdofsky. 

1867 

•  •• 

•  •• 

•  •  • 

Kozlowski. 
Schneller. 

Toeppen. 

1868 

Sdegaard. 

•  •  • 

Lootens. 

Frcre. 

Soegaard. 

1869 

•  •  • 

Gubematis. 

•  •  • 

Gubematis. 
Sutermeister. 

1870 

Ddlen. 

Gonzenbach. 

1871 

Maspons. 
Salmelainen. 

Maspons. 

•  ■• 

Household 
Stories      from 
I^nd  of  Hofer. 

Maspons. 

1873 

Bemoni. 
Tvedt 

«•• 

Bemoni. 

1874 

Busk. 

Busk. 

Blad^ 

Blad^. 

»     w 

Denton  (sMija- 

Busk. 

Busk. 

tovics). 

Coronedi-Berti. 

187s 

Comparetti. 

Comparetti. 

Comparetti. 

Pitr^. 

Pitr^. 

Kennedy. 
Pitr^ 

Pitr6. 

1 

PREFACE. 


xxxiii 


A. — CSnderelk. 

B.— Cattkin. 

C-Cap  0* 
Rushes. 

D. — Indeterminate. 

E.— Hero-Tales. 

1876 

•  ■• 

•  •  • 

•  •  • 

•  •• 

Dragomanov. 

1877 

Imbriani. 

Imbriani. 

Imbriani. 

Imbriani. 

Webster. 

Schmidt. 

Webster. 

Webster. 

1878 

•  •• 

Chubinsky. 

■•  • 

Janson. 

1879 

Visentini. 

Bartsch. 

... 

••• 

Coelho. 
Kamp.     , 
Stojanovic 
Visentini. 

1880 

Dobsinsky. 

S^illot 

Wratislaw. 

••. 

Nerucci. 

Neruccu 
S^billot. 

i88x 

Kristensen. 

Dozon. 
Kristensen. 
Legrand. 
Prym        and 

Socin. 
S^billot. 

S^billot. 

Kristensen. 

1882 

Bondeson. 

Finamore. 

Bondeson. 

Riviere. 

Haltrich. 

Finamore. 

Leskien     and 

Finamore. 

•  •  B 

Leger. 

T..eskien        and 

Brugman. 

Theal. 

Brugman. 

Pedroso. 

Pedroso. 

1883 

Guamerio      (in 

De  Nino. 

Ortoli. 

Ortoli. 

Krau.ss. 

Arckivio). 

Krauss. 

Spitta-Bey. 

Z884 

Gronborg. 

1885 

Kolberg. 

Kolberg. 
Romero. 

•  ■  • 

Brauns. 

Knoop. 

Kolberg. 

Romanov. 

1886 

Landes. 

e 

Cosquin. 

•  •• 

Bondeson. 
Cosquin. 

1887 

Aberg. 
Kolberg. 
Landcs. 
LuzeL 

LuzeL 

1888 

Ive. 
Kristensen. 

Baissac. 

•  •  • 

•.• 

Kristensen. 

1889 

••• 

•  •  • 

•  •  • 

Camoy  -  Nico- 
laides. 

1890 

Curtin. 
Kristensen. 

•  •• 

•  •• 

Mango. 

1891 

PineaiL 

PineaiL 

•  •  • 

Haukenlis. 

1892 

Andrews. 

Weryho. 

MoDseur. 

Andrews. 
Wlislocki. 

It  has  been  suggested  that  Perrault  probably  borrowed  his 
Peau  d'Ane  from  Straparola.  Perrault's  stories  appeared  1694-7, 
and  twelve  editions  of  the  French  translation  of  Straparola  had 
been  issued  before  that  date.  I  have  included  a  still  earlier 
French  version  (No.  234,  p.  206)  from  the  Nouvtlles  Rkrkations 
etjoytux  Devis  of  Jean  Bonaventure  Des  Periers,  first  published 
in  1544.  In  this  the  folk-tale  has  assumed  the  guise  of  a  romance 
to  suit  the  taste  of  the  Court  ladies.  Jean  Bonaventure  Des 
Periers  was  bom  in  Bourgogne,  in  the  little  town  of  Arnay-le-Duc, 


at  the  beginning  of  the  sixleenth  century,  and  i 
chambre  at  the  Court  of  Navarre,  under  Francois  1".  There 
is  also  early  mention  of  a  hero-tale  of  the  Cinderella  type  in 
the  Preface  to  Rollenhagen's  FrosckmtuseUr,  where  he  refers  to  the 
wonderful  household  story  "of  ihe  despised  and  pious  Aschen- 
pdssel,  and  his  proud  and  scornful  brethren".  Georg  RoUenhageii 
was  bom  in  154:,  and  died  in  1609,  M.  Luys  Brueyie,  in  his 
Contts  populaires  de  /a  Grande  Brttagtit  (p.  44),  refers — but 
erroneously,  as  far  as  I  can  find — lo  a  Rashin  Coatie  story  in  the 
mpiaynt  of  Siolland  ( 1548). 

In  cDm|iiling  this  collection  of  x'ariants  the  difticuity  has  not 
been  in  tracing  resemblances,  but  rather  in  determining  what 
degree  of  family  likeness  or  relationship  shall  constitute  eligi- 
bility. Numerous  "as  the  sand  and  dust"  are  the  stories  which 
ive  received  their  share  of  a  family  heritage.  A  particular 
folk-tale  incident  may  recur  in  an  endless  number  of  permu- 
I  tations  and  combinations  with  other  sets  of  incidents,  and 
I  hopeless  is  the  task  of  comprehending  a  series  whose  term  is 
infinity.  Thus  some  authorities  have  noted,  as  belonging  to  the 
Cinderella  type,  certain  stories  which  I  have  not  included,  though 
I  have  endeavoured  lo  refer  to  them  all  in  the  Notts.  The 
collection  by  no  means  aims  at  being  exhaustive  ;  nevertheless,  1 
fear  I  may  be  guilty  of  important  omissions.  I  have  searched 
I  number  of  published  collections  of  folk-tales  with  negative 
result,'  and  there  are  several  works,  to  which,  as  ihey  are  not 
to  be  had  in  tlie  British  Museum  Librar)-,  I  have  been 
unable  to  gain  access.^  So  considerable  is  the  amount  of  ma- 
terial selected  for  me  by  those  kind  contributors  from  distant 
parts,  who  have  interested  themselves  in  tile  subject,  that  I  do 
not  doubt  that  the  number  of  variants  would  be  rapidly  multi- 
plied if  further  help  of  this  sort  were  solicited.  However,  the 
Council  of  the  Folklore  Society,  at  whose  invitation  I  undertook 
this  volume,  deemed  it  advisable  to  make  an  arbitrary  end  of  the 
labour  of  collecting,  which  otherwise  might  be  carried  on  in- 
definitely. 
The  fact  that  isolated  incidents   in  folk-tales   may   recur  m 

■  Sac  bibliographical  list  on  p.  519. 

'  B.g..  t  IiHve  nut  been  able  to  »amine  "  Ln  Zindnlazia"  In  th«  Cut^lira  dla 
BtntaU,  u  frr  Jir  mli  Fol  iivtri  Iradull  dal  firlar  tiafelilan  r'u  Irnpia  tulgima 
L  {Sotogiu.  174a) ;  or  "  La  CenrraMola"  in  CVnysr  SWit  4tlU  Nonna. 


infinitely  varied  combinations  is  amply  illustrated  in  several  of 
the  CinderelLi  variants.  One  type  of  story  may  thus  be  con- 
joined vfith  another.  For  example,  we  are  reminded  of  "  Hop 
o'  my  Thumb"  in  the  opening  of  Nos,  8,  32,  56,  iit,  and  130  ; 
of  "Toads  and  Diamonds"  in  Nos.  5,  8,  21,89,  118,  229,  237, 
'39>  '40>  *4i«  '45.  *47  ;  °^  "Beauty  and  the  Beast"  in  Nos. 
191,  197;  of  "Puss  in  Boots"  in  Nos.  11,  39,  71,  121;  of  "The 
Three  Spinners"  in  No.  196 ;  and  of  "  Rumpelstillskin"  in  Nos. 
40  and  63. 

The  common  incidents  arc  very  variously  coloured,  For 
instance,  in  the  Moravian  story  (No.  70),  when  the  prince  has 
started  to  church  with  the  false  bride,  the  heroine  transforms 
herself  into  the  bird,  whose  usual  part  it  is  to  direct  attention  to 
the  mutilated  foot  In  the  Danish  story  (No.  60)  the  bird  itself 
suggests  the  surgical  adaptation  of  the  false  foot  to  the  slipper, 
and  not  the  mother,  who,  however,  urges  her  daughter  to  submit 
to  the  treatment,  with  the  familiar  reminder,  "il  faut  souffrir 
pour  Stre  belle."  The  shoe  in  this  story  has  never  belonged  to 
the  heroine.  It  is  kept  in  the  royal  family,  and  must  be  worn  by 
anyone  aspiring  to  be  queen.  In  other  stories  also  the  prince 
provides  the  wedding  shoes,  not  necessarily  because  the  bride  is 
of  humble  origin-'  In  the  Basque  story  (No.  256)  the  step- 
mother befriends  the  heroine,  and  contrives  her  marriage  with  a 
king.  In  the  Ligurian  story  (No.  3)  the  fairy-godmother  doubles 
the  part  with  that  of  the  stepmother — an  exceptional  instance, 
as  far  as  I  know.  The  fairy -godmother  herself  figures  but 
rarely-;  the  stories  in  which  she  replaces  the  helpful  animal,  like 
those  in  which  the  glass  shoe  is  met  wilh,^  arc  probably  imila- 
lions  of  Perrault's  version.  In  the  variant  from  Ostrobothnia 
(No.  197),  in  place  of  the  "counter-tasks"  usually  demanded 
from  the  unnatural  father,  the  heroine  must  provide  the  gold  and 
silver  dresses  and  the  crow's-beak  gown,  and  then  her  father  will 
release  her.  Sir  Walter  Scott  said  of  himself  thai  he  "  could 
never  repeat  a  story  without  giving  it  a  new  hat  and  stick". 
Similar  liberality  on  the  part  of  the  narrator  bestows  galoshes 
on  the  heroine  in  the  Danish  story  (No.  62),  and  provides  a 
tohaao-kaf  iox  the  wounded  feel  of  the  elder  sisters  in  the  story 
from  Jutland  (No.  61),  and  is  accountable  for  the  German  soap 


•  Swnoit^a. 


*  S«  mJfe  48,  p.  soS. 


and  the  Indian  dress  in  the  Finnish  stories  (Nos.  io6,  109),  die 
Spanish  staff  which  kills  the  serpent  in  the  South-German  atory 
(No,  341),  for  the  "announcement  in  the  newspapers"  in  the  story 
from  Jutland  (No.  65),  for  the  merciful  sa^-ing  of  the  fool  at  the 
expense  of  the  toe  and  heel  of  the  stocking  in  another  story 
from  Jutland  (No.  63),  for  the  w'lt.T-trap  in  the  Polish  story  (No. 
130),  and  the  honty-Vmp  in  the  Greek  story  {No.  17),  and  for  all 
such  embellishments  and  emendations. 

Mr.  Lang  has  said,'  "  \Ve  may  conjecture  that  the  ass-sktn 
worn  by  Peau  d'Ane  was  originally  the  hide  of  the  beast  helpful 
to  her."  Such  is  actually  stated  to  be  the  case  in  three  only  of 
the  variants  which  I  have  examined,  namely,  in  two  Swedish 
stories  (Nos.  98,  117),  and  in  one  Finnish  story  (No.  109).  In 
almost  every  version  the  helpful  beast  is  a  domesticated  animal,' 
the  most  notable  exception  being  in  the  case  of  the  white  bear  in 
the  Swedish  story  (No.  iry),  who  gallantly  sacrifices  himself  that 
the  heroine  may  don  his  skin.  A  white  ermine  performs  the 
task  in  another  Swedish  variant  (No.  1 1 3),  and  a  wolf  is  decidedly 
helpful  in  a  Danish  story  (No.  290).  Fish  befriend  the  heroine 
in  an  Annamite  (No.  69),  a  Swedish  (No.  irj),  and  in  two  Italian 
versions  (Nos.  122,  239),  and  an  eel  minds  the  house  for  her  and 
gives  her  splendid  dresses  in  the  story  from  Jutland  (No.  too), 
though  not,  as  it  afterwards  appears,  from  a  purely  disinterested 
motive.  The  quick-witted  mouse  in  the  Slavonic  (No.  301),  and 
the  toad  in  the  Hungarian  story  (No.  338),  must  rather  be  num- 
bered amongst  "grateful  beasts". 

That  Cinderella  is  the  guardian  of  the  hearth  is  well  proven. 
But  she  is  not  invariably  theyoungest  child,  especially  when  she  is 
a  stepchild.  Mr.  Gomme  has  pointed  out"  that  the  Greek  Hestia 
was  the  eldest  child  of  fvronos  and  Rhea,  and  the  goddess  of 
the  household  sanctuary,  or  rather  of  the  fire  burning  on  the 
hearth.  Among  the  Ovaherer6  tribe  of  South  Africa  "  the  eldest 
unmarried  daughter  of  the  chief  has  charge  of  the  sacred  fire, 
since  this  must  never  be  allowed  to  go  out",  {S.  Af.  Folk-lore 
Jtturnal,  ii,  65.) 

Whether,  as  in  the  Catsldn  stories — which,  according  to  some 
authorities,   are  based  upon  nature-myths  connected  with  the 


I  Prrraalt,  xi 


n  Helpful  animnU. 


a  of  day  and  night,  or  o(  thi;  seasons  of  the  year — our 
licroint  be  an  originally  brilliant  being  reduced  to  a  state  of 
temporary  obscurity  or  eclipse,  but  eventually  restored  to  her 
pristine  splendour ;  or  whether  she  be  merely  the  "  Cinderella", 
the  lovely-natured,  ill-treated  member  of  the  family  whose  loveli- 
ness cannot  for  ever  be  hidden,  or  whose  worth  go  unrewarded  ; 
in  every  case 

"  Beauty,  truth,  and  rarity, 

Grace  in  all  simplicity. 

Here  enclosed  in  cinders  lie." 

And  thus  it  is  that  in  works  of  the  most  diverse  character  upon 
legendary  subjects,  one  may  for  ever  be  detecting,  with  dangerous 
facilitj',  some  clement  of  the  Cinderella  story.  For  instance,  we 
recognise  our  heroine  under  one  of  her  many  disguises  in  the 
story  of  Crow,  the  maiden  of  mean  attire  and  low  estate,  who  in 
the  end  turns  out  to  be  Aalaug,  a  princess,  daughter  of  Sigfred 
and  Brunhild.  The  first  part  of  her  pretty  story  is  given  in 
the  Volsunga  Saga  (c.  43),  and,  with  some  abridgment,  runs  as 
follows': — 

Wiien  Heimir  heard  of  the  death  of  Sigurd  and  Brynhild, 
Aslaug  their  daughter  and  Heimir's  foster-chiid  was  three  win- 
ters old.  Knowing  that  men  would  seek  to  destroy  the  child  and 
all  her  race,  and  that  he  could  not  hide  her  in  Hlyndahr,  Heimir 
caused  a  harp  to  be  made,  large  enough  to  enclose  her ;  and,  for- 
taking  his  kii^dom  and  his  goods,  he  journeyed  far  till  he  reached 
Norway,  And  he  put  many  costly  dresses  and  much  gold  and 
precious  jewels  in  the  harp,  which  was  so  cunningly  contrived 
that  it  could  be  taken  asunder  at  pleasure.  He  gave  the  cliild  .1 
narcotic  leek  {vimlaukr)  to  eai,  whose  property  was  such  that  any 
one  partaking  of  it  could  long  subsist  without  other  food.  And 
(o  he  journeyed  till  he  reached  a  little  farm  called  Spangarheide. 
Here  the  peasant  Aki  dwelt  with  his  wife  Grima ;  but  there  were 
no  other  dwellers  there.  The  man  was  away  in  the  forest  in  the 
daytime,  but  the  old  woman  received  Heimir,  and  kindled  a  fire 
for  him,  and  was  mighty  talkative  as  be  sat  and  warmed  himself, 
wiiii  his  harp  on  the  seat  beside  him.  Full  many  a  look  she  gave 
at  the  harp,  for  a  corner  of  some  costly  garment  was  sticking  out 

■  Ritumann,  Dit  Deulicht  Heliensagi.  1,289^ 


xx.wiii  I'RF.rAcr.. 

of  it ;  moreover,  she  spitd  a  rich  gold  ring  unden 
the  stranger  wore.  And  after  he  had  warmed  himself  and  supped 
he  bade  Ihe  old  woman  lead  him  to  wheie  he  could  sleep  through 
the  night.  Better  would  he  fare  outside  than  in,  she  said,  be- 
cause she  and  her  old  man  are  woni  to  talk  a  good  deal  when  he 
comes  home.  So  he  took  his  harp  and  followed  her  out  to 
the  barn,  where  be  might  sleep  undisturbed.  When  the  old  man 
returned  be  scolded  his  wife  for  having  neglecied  her  duties : 
and  she  explained  that  a  man  had  come,  aslcing  for  a  night's 
lodging,  and  she  deemed  that  he  carried  gjeat  riches  with  him  ; 
in  truth,  she  bad  never  seen  his  like  before,  s.o  mighty  he  seemed, 
though  wear>'.  Then  she  tried  to  arouse  the  old  man's  jealousy, 
and  thus  egged  him  on  to  slay  the  stranger.  He  sharpened  his 
axe,  and  she  led  him  to  where  Heimir  slept,  and  loudly  snored. 
She  took  the  harp  and  ran  away,  and  the  peasant  dealt  him 
a  deadly  blow  with  the  axe  and  rushed  forth  with  the  utmost 
speed.  And,  at  the  great  cry  which  Heimir  raised,  the  posts  of 
the  barn  gave  way,  and  the  whole  building  fell  in,  for  there  was 
a  mighty  earthquake. 

Anon,  when  the  old  woman  broke  open  the  harp  she  found  the 
maid  and  the  great  riches  inside.  They  questioned  the  child 
about  her  race,  but  she  answered  never  a  word.  Then  Grima 
said  she  should  be  called  Kraka  (Crow)  after  her  mother,  and, 
because  of  the  child's  great  beauty,  she  shaved  oflf  her  hair  and 
smeared  her  head  with  tar,  that  it  should  not  grow  again.  And 
she  put  a  large  hat  on  her,  and  clothed  her  meanly.  Thus  they 
thought  to  make  her  pass  for  their  own  child.  They  gave  her  all 
the  roughest  work  to  do ;  and  so  Aslaug  grew  up  in  utter 
wretchedness.  But  the  old  man  and  his  wife  thought  her  dumb, 
because  she  never  answered  them. 

What  further  befell  Aslaug  is  related  in  the  Saga  of  Ragnar 
I.^dbrok  (c.  4-8),  from  which  the  following  abstract  is  made  :— 
Ragnar  I.odbrok,  son  of  King  Sigurd  Ring,  sails  to  Norway 
and  lands  not  far  from  Spangarbeide.  He  sends  his  scullions 
on  land  to  bake  some  bread,  and  they  come  to  the  farm  of  AIci 
and  Grima.  They  ask  the  old  woman  to  help  them,  but  she  sa>'s 
that  her  hands  are  too  stiff;  but  her  daughter  Kraka  will  soon  be 
in,  and  will  be  at  their  service.  Ktaka  had  gone  out  early  to 
driw  the  cattle  10  pasture.     But,  on   seeing   the  ship  coming 


i 


R'd,  she  had  washed  herself  in  spile  of  the  old  woman's 
injunction.  (The  old  woman  did  not  wish  her  great  beauty  to  he 
seen,  for  she  was  the  fairest  of  maids,  and  her  hair,  which  reached 
ev'cn  to  the  ground,  was  like  silk.)  So,  when  she  returns,  Ragnar's 
men  marvel  at  her  beauiy,  and  ask  the  old  woman  if  she  is  her 
daughter.  Grima  assents  to  their  question.  Kraka  kneads  the 
bread  for  them ;  but  during  the  baking  ihey  can  only  watch  the 
maiden,  and  so  the  bread  gels  burned.  Ragnar  inquires  where 
ihey  baked  the  bread,  and  they  tell  him,  and  also  confess  that 
they  could  not  attend  to  their  business  because  of  a  very  lovely 
gill,  of  beauty  no  less  rare  than  that  of  Thora,  his  first  wife, 
Ragnar  will  forgive  them  if  this  be  true,  and  he  sends  messengers 
to  fetch  her,  if  she  be  indeed  so  fair,  to  be  his  wife.  But  she 
must  come  neither  clad  nor  unclad,  neither  fed  nor  unfed,  she 
must  not  come  alone,  and  yet  no  one  must  accompany  her.'  The 
message  is  delivered  to  Kraka,  and  she  promises  to  come  on  the 
morrow.  So  she  wraps  herself  in  a  fishing-net,  letting  her  long 
hair  fall  over  it,  eats  a  morsel  of  leek,  takes  a  dog  with  lier,  and 
sets  out  to  the  ship.-  Ragnar  invites  her  to  come  aboard;  he 
leads  her  to  his  cabin.  She  will  not  consent  to  accompany  him 
on  his  voyage  ;  but  if,  on  his  return,  he  is  of  the  same  mind,  then 
she  will  fare  with  him.  He  offers  her  Thora 's  gold  embroidered 
dress,  which  she  declines.*  Then  she  goes  home,  and  Ragnar 
continues  his  voyage.  On  his  return  the  king  puts  in  at  the  same 
port,  and  sends  his  men  for  Kraka.  She  tells  the  old  people  that 
she  is  going  thence,  and  that  she  knows  that  they  have  slain  lier 
foster-father  Heimir,  wherefore  she  leaves  a  curse  behind  her. 
Ragnar  takes  her  to  his  home,  and  then  marries  her.  After 
she  has  borne  him  many  children,  Ragnar,  journeying  to  Sweden. 
becomes  acquainted  with  Ingebiorg,  the  daughter  of  KingEystein. 
His  followers  urge  him  to  woo  her,   and  to  put  the  peasant's 

>  Comp.  (he  Irihh  tale  of  Diarmaid  and  Graine.  There  ts  a  Uace  Biw  of  lAsteug 
in  Grimm's  *iory  [So,  94).  ■■  Die  klugc  BauerniDchtet". 

■  In  Ihc  Norie  epigonio  paaa  at  ihe  Ragnm  Cyde,  Crow  siys  to  ihe  king  at 
their  mwllng,  "I  ctar«  not  break  Ibe  command  ye  laid  upon  me.  nor  the  order  ye 
£9vo  me,  Ragnar.  There  is  no  one  with  me  ;  my  lx)dy  11  not  Imit:  I  have  smell 
botitaienk:  I  nm  come  alone."    [Ci/rfiiii  P^litiim  Burra/t,  n,  3^6.) 

'  "  t  dare  not  (ittic  the  lUver-broidered  sark  Ihai  Thora  IliMI  had",  slie  snys  in 
(he  pofoi,  "it  will  not  tietic  me.  I  am  called  Crow  ticcatue  in  co^il-black  laimeni 
I  (l»*c  (ramped  o»et  Uic  pebbles  and  driven  Ihe  goals  along  Ihe  shore."  (C  P.  H. , 
«.  3I7.I    Tiedaieofihue  verso  is  Ihe  cDdo(  Ihc  nth  century. 


X\  PREFACE. 

daughter  away.  Ingebioig  is  betrothed  to  him,  and  he  strictly 
enjoins  his  people  to  say  no  word  about  it  when  they  get  bock. 
But  Kraka  hears  of  it,  and  speaks  thereof  to  her  husband, 
making  believe  that  three  birds  have  told  her  ;  and  she  now  makes 
known  that  she  is  the  daughter  of  Sigurd  Fafnirsbane  and  of 
Brunhild,  and  relates  how  she  came  to  the  peasants'  homestead. 

It  is  unnecessary  to  point  out  the  striking  parallels  which  the 
above  narrative  presents  to  the  common  incidents  of  the  folk- 
tale. Again,  we  get  the  obscure  and  servile  condition  of  the 
heroine,  a  sahent  element  in  the  Cinderella  story,  in  the  Epic 
Gudrun.  Here  it  is  due  to  the  anger  of  a  would-be  mother-in- 
law.  The  same  element  occurs  in  the  story  of  Cupid  and 
Psyche  in  a  form  still  more  closely  akin  to  Cinderella. 

Numberless  instances  might  be  adduced  in  which  a  hero  or 
heroine  must  undet^o  a  term  of  servitude  before  fulfilling  an 
exalted  destiny.  Apollo  tended  the  flocks  of  Admetus,  and  was 
doomed  to  serve  Laomedon  for  a  wage.  Hercules  was  for 
twelve  years  in  the  service  of  Eurystheus,  after  which  he  became 
immortal.  M.  Loys  Brueyre'  refers  to  P^rouik  I'Idiot  {Em.  Sou- 
vestre),  a  popular  version  of  the  old  romance  of  Perceval,  as  furnish- 
ing the  Celtic  type  of  Cendrillon.  The  hero  begins  by  being  stupid 
lo  the  length  of  mistaking  deer  for  goats,  and  linishes  by  achiev- 
ing great  things.  In  short,  the  detached  elements  of  the  Cinder- 
ella story,  as  wel!  as  of  the  nearly  allied  Catskin  story,  are  folk- 
tale commonplaces,  though  they  are  nowhere  united  into  a  whole 
that  could  account,  by  hterary  fihation,  for  the  story  as  we  find  it 
in  Italy  in  the  sixteenth  and  seventeenth  centuries. 

The  shoe  incident,  perhaps  the  most  salient  feature  of  Cinder- 
ella proper,  was  probably  a  siory-lelling  commonplace  before  it 
was  introduced  into  the  German  poem  of  King  Roiher,  which 
was  written  in  the  early  part  of  the  twelfth  century.  It  may  be 
serviceable  briefiy  to  summarise  the  earlier  contents  of  this 
poem,  in  order  to  show  in  what  connection  the  shoe  incident 
occurs.  Rother,  King  of  Rome,  is  urged  to  marry.  His  kins- 
man, the  good  hero  Lupoli,  knows  of  a  rich  king's  daughter 
over  the  Eastern  Sea  at  Constantinople;  her  father  is  called 
Constantine.  Surpassing  fair  is  she,  but  hitherto  no  man  has 
ever  sought  her  but  has  lost  his  life.    The  king  sends  Lupolt 

■  Confti  fof.  fU  la  Gnnilt  Brrtngxe,  p.  44, 


i 


^ 


PRKFACF.  xli 

iwtng  to  WOO  ihe  princess  for  him.  They  are  at 
Brei  well  received  by  King  Conslantine;  but,  ivhen  l.upoit  makes 
known  his  errand,  they  are  all  thrown  into  prison,  Pri^sently, 
King  Rother  is  counselled  himself  to  journey  to  Constantinople. 
He  sets  out,  accompanied  by  the  gianl  Asprian  and  others  from 
giant-land,  Rother  assuming  the  name  of  Thiderich  throughout 
the  exjiedition.  Constantine  and  his  lords  are  much  alamied  to 
see  them  arrive  ;  but  Thiderich  makes  believe  that  he  is  seeking 
protection  from  the  powerful  King  Rother.  During  their  slay  at 
the  court,  Consiantine's  daughter,  having  seen  Thiderich  and 
(alien  in  love  with  him,  sends  her  attendant,  Herlint,  lo  bid  him 
to  her  apartment.  Fearing  treacher)-,  he  will  not  go;  but  he 
forthwith  sets  his  goldsmith  to  cast  two  silver  and  two  gold  shoes, 
and  gi\-cs  two  of  iheni  to  Herlint.  Under  Asprian's  advice,  he 
gives,  however,  both  the  shoes  for  the  same  foot.  The  princess 
obtains  possession  of  the  shoes  and  puts  on  the  gold  one ;  but  as 
the  silver  shoe  will  not  lit,  she  again  sends  Herlint  to  Thiderich 
to  ask  him  lo  give  her  the  fellow-shoe,  and  to  come  and  see  her. 
He  sends  the  shoe,  and,  when  he  presently  visits  the  princess, 
she  welcomes  him,  and  bids  him  put  it  on  her  foot.  He  sits  at 
her  feet,  and  she  places  her  fool  on  his  knee.  Then  he  bids  her 
confess,  as  she  is  a  Christian,  which  of  all  her  wooers  has  pleased 
her  best.  She  vows  that  amongst  all  the  heroes  whom  she  has 
seen  not  one  is  his  peer.  But,  could  she  have  her  choice,  she 
would  take  the  brave  hero  whose  messengers  are  even  now  in  her 
father's  dungeons;  otherwise  she  must  ever  go  unwed.  His 
name  is  Rother,  and  he  dwells  westwards  over  the  sea.  Then 
he  makes  known  to  her  that  her  feet  are  in  King  Rother's 
lap. 

More  simple  use  is  made  of  the  same  incident  in  the  middle 
thirteenth  century  Thidrekssaga : — 

The  Wilcini  take  Oda,  the  daughter  of  King  Melias,  and  all 
her  portable  property,  from  the  castle,  and  bring  her  to  their 
leader,  who  says  lo  her  that,  since  her  father  would  not  give  her 
to  KJng  Osanglrix,  he  will  carry  her  to  his  master,  and  so  win  his 
goodwill.  And  he  takes  a  silver  shoe,  and,  placing  the  king's 
daughter  on  his  knee,  he  draws  it  on  her  foot.  It  is  neither  too 
laige  nor  too  small,  but  fits  as  though  it  were  made  for  her. 
Removing  the  silver  shoe,  he  tries  one  of  red  gold,  which  (its 


xlii 


even  better.     Then  he  makes  known  that  he  himself  is  King* 
Oaangtrix.i 

The  German  custom  lays  stress  on  the  shoeing  of  the  bride;, 
the  Russian  saga,  on  the  other  hand,  points  to  the  customary  I 
shoeing  of  the  bridegroom."  In  980,  \^adimir  wooed  the  daugh-  | 
ter  of  Ragvald,  who  disdainfully  rejected  him,  saying,  "  I  will  not  | 
shoe  the  son  of  a  servant-girl."  (Nestor,  Schloz.,  5,  198;  Miill., 
150  ;  Ewers,  p.  116.)  j 

According  to  Prof,    de  Gubernatis  {ZoohgUal  Mythology,   ii,  ] 
a8i^),  "Ahalyi  (the  evening  Aurora)  in  the  ashes  is  the  germ  of 
the  story  of  Cinderella,  and  of  the  daughter  of  the  King  of  Dacia, 
persecuted  by  her  lover,  her  father  himself."     He  even  considers 
that  the  legend  of  the  lost  slipper  reposes  "  entirely  upon  the   1 
double  meaning  of  the  word  apad,  i.e.,  who  has  no  foot,  or  what  [ 
is  the  measure  of  the  foot,  which  may  be  either  the  footstep  or  j 
the  slipper'  (op.  eit.,  i,  31).     This  stretch  of  the  "solar  theory" 
would  indeed  make  of  the  beautiful  story  of  Cinderella 
"...  a  doubtful  tale  from  fairy-land. 
Hard  for  the  non-elect  to  understand." 

But  as  a  system  of  explanation  in  the  present  case  this  theory  has  I 
been  conclusively  handled  by  Mr.  Lang  in  his  Introduction  to 
Perrault  (p.  c).     As  Mr.  Ralston  has  said,  in  his  interesting  study 
of  the  story  of  Cinderella*:  "There  is  a  vast  difference  between 
regarding  as  a  nature-myth  in  general  the  germ  of  the  legends 
from  which  have  sprung  the  stories  of  the  Cinderella  cycle,  and 
identifying  with  precision  the  particular  atmospheric  phenomenon 
which  all  its  heroes  and  heroines  are  supposed  to  symbolise. 
And  there  is  an  equally  wide  difference  between  the  reasonable-  I 
ness  of  seeking  for  a  mythological  explanation  of  a  legend  when  ( 
traced  back  to  its  oldest  known  form,  and  the  utter  absurdity  of 
attempting  to  squeeze  a  mythical  meaning  out  of  every  incident  | 

>  Sec  Ruimann.  Dir  Dmlsihe  Htldtniagt.  ii.  176  IT, 
*  See  Grimm.  Dtulitke  fiakttalttrlkHmrr,  155-6. 

»  See  alio  his  UUurt  sopra  U  miMogia  IWiVci,  pp.  68.  &9.  B8.  89,  nnd  a  pftpvr  I 
no  " Calikiii ;  the  English  nnd  Irish  Peaud'Anc".  conlributeH  lo/Wi-/nrriVcC0n/,  f 
Hi.  pt  I,  pp.  1-35.  by  Mr.  Henry  Chartet  Coolc.  who  coiuideri  Ihnt  Aiift  uw  Ihe  1 
birth  UulSral  circulation  of  Ihe  slory.  its  parentage  being  n  VVdic  mylh.  nflBrvnutit  I 
embodied  in  the  Rigveda.  The  soW.  lunnr,  nnd  aslronomicnl  gui»c»  of  Cinderella  | 
■ic  ponUlded  by  the  diOerenl  appesninces  nf  Aurorn. 

'  NimlffnlM  CtHtuiy.  Nov.  1879,  p.  B48. 


PREFACE.  Xliii 

1  a  modem  nursery  tale,  which  has,  perliaps,  been  either  con- 
Iciderably  enlarged,  or  cnielly 'clippit  and  nippit'  by  successive 
1  generations  of   rustic   repeaters,  and   has  moat  certainly   been 

greatly  modified  and  dressed  by  its  literary  introducers  into  poUte 

society." 

I  In  dealing  with  the  "unlawful  marriage"  opening  of  the 
RiUhie-Coat  slory,  Mr.  Ralston  writes :  "  Mythologists  say  that 
ail  stories  about  such  marriages  mean  nothing  more  than  does 
the  dialogue  in  the  Veda  between  Yama  and  his  twin-sister 
V'aml,  in  which  'she  (the  night)  implores  her  brother  (the  day) 
lo  make  her  his  wife,  and  he  declines  her  offer,  because,  as  he 
•ays,  "They  have  thought  it  sin  that  a  brother  should  marry 
his  sister.'"'  But  by  many  eyes  these  narratives  are  regarded 
as  ancient  traditions  which  preserve  the  memory  of  customs 
long  obsolete  and  all  but  forgotten."  The  Russian  story  from 
Athanas'ev  (to  which  I  refer  on  p.  150)  of  the  girl  who,  pursued 
by  her  brother,  sinks  into  the  earth,  and  so  escapes,  and  the 
simtla)-  Polish  story  from  Wojcicki  (No.  205,  p.  428),  find  their 
parallel  in  genuine  savage  folk-lore.  In  a  Zulu  tale,^  a  girl,  whose 
brother  is  pursuing  her  with  murderous  intent,  exclaims,  "Open, 

11 earth  1  that  I  may  enter,  for  I  am  about  to  die  this  day";  whcre- 

j^^L  upon  "the  earth  opened,  and  Untombi-yapansI  entered".     Her 

^^H  subsequent  adventures,  also,  are  akin    to    those   of  Cinderella. 

^^f  Originally  "her  body  glistened,  for  she  was  like  brass",  but  "she 

IT        look  some  black  earth   and  smeared  her  body  with  it",   and 

so  eclipsed  her  natural  radiance.     Eventually,  however,  she  was 

watched  by  the  chief,  who  saw  her,  "  dirty,  and  very  black"  enter 

a  pool,  and  emerge  from  it  "  with  her  body  glistening  like  brass", 

put  on  garments  and  ornaments  which  arose  out  of  the  ground, 

Knd  behave  altogether  like  the  brilliant  heroine  she  really  was. 

L  "  There  seems  to  be  good  reason",  says  Mr.  Ralston,  "  for  looking 

lu|)On   Uniombi-yapansi  as  a  Zulu   Cinderella.      But  how  far  a 

■■foreign  influence  has  been  exercised  upon  the  Zulu  tale  it  would 

I  be  difficult  to  decide." 

The  "unlawful  marriage"  opening  which  characterises  the  second 
l^toup  of  the  Cinderella  variants  has  been  utilised  in  the  legend- 
\try  histories  of  Christian  saints,  in  a  number  of  mediKva]  romances, 


>  Mux  MUlIer.  Uetam  m  ih, 

>  dlkwof ,  Miirtrry  Taiti,  t. 


Xliv  FKF.FAC&. 

and  in  the  Mysteries  based  on  the  same.  In  the  sequence 
events  lo  which  it  leads  in  romantic  and  legendary  literatui 
many  incidents  of  [he  folk-tale  are  reproduced ;  but  these  belonE^ 
more  especially  to  another  class  of  story,  of  which,  therefore, 
before  examining  the  legends  themseh'es,  I  may  here  give  a  few 
examples.  The  episodes  most  frequently  met  with  in  the  romances 
may  be  thus  briefly  enumerated ; 

1.  Flight  of  daughter  from  enamoured  father. 

2.  Hands  cut  off  and  afterwards  miraculously  restored. 

3.  Persecution  by  mother-in-law  (less  frequently  by  stepmother) 
and  fraudulent  exchange  of  letters. 

4.  Reunion  in  distant  lands  of  father  and  daughter,  husban( 
and  wife. 

In  the  Lithuanian  story  of  the  holy  Margarita  (Leskien  un< 
Brugman,  Litauiuke  VolksUeder  und  Manhen,  pp.  505-508,3 
No.  46),  the  stepmother  calumniates  the  heroine  lo  her  absent 
brother,  the  duke,  who  at  length  sends  orders  for  Margarita's 
arms  lo  be  cut  off  to  the  elbow,  and  for  her  to  be  turned  out  into 
the  wilderness.  She  strays  into  the  garden  of  a  foreign  king, 
whose  son  marries  her.  During  his  absence,  she  bears  a  s( 
with  a  star  to  the  right  and  left,  and  moonlight  on  the  back 
his  head,  The  wicked  stepmother  writes  lo  inform  the  prince 
that  his  wife  has  borne  a  monster.  After  receiwng  a  third  letter 
lo  this  effect,  he  writes  word  that  the  child  is  lo  be  bound  to 
the  mother's  breast,  and  that  she  is  to  be  turned  out,  Whilst 
Margarita  is  stooping  to  drink  at  a  well,  the  bandage  tears  and 
the  child  falls  into  the  water.  She  plunges  her  slumps 
recover  it,  and  her  arms  are  restored ;  but  she  cannot  save  the 
child.  Presently  she  returns  lo  the  well,  and  finds  the  Mother  of 
God  holding  the  child,  who  is  able  to  talk,  and  proposes  to  its 
mother  that  they  should  set  out  together  in  search  of  food. 
After  a  time  they  come  to  the  palace  where  her  brother  is, 
A  great  feast  is  being  held,  and  the  lieroine  relates  to  the  duke, 
the  king,  her  stepmother,  and  many  others  assembled  on  the 
balcony,  the  story  of  the  life  of  Saint  Mai^arita  The  duke 
recognises  his  lost  sister,  and  the  wicked  stepmother  is  burnt  to 
death. 

In    Gonzenbach's   twenty-fourth    story,   "Von    der    schonea 
Winhstochter"  {Sidiiamsche  Miirthen,  i,  148),  the  heroine's  mother, 


nto       ^ 
'on^^H 

I 


i 


PREFACE.  Xlv 

who  keeps  an  inn,  is  jealous  of  her  daughter's  beauty,  and  shuts  her 
up.  A  king,  however,  catches  sight  of  her,  and  marries  her. 
During  his  absence  at  the  war  the  heroine  bears  a  child,  and  her 
mother-in-law  writes  to  tell  the  king.  The  messenger  stops  at 
the  mother's  inn,  and  the  mother  takes  the  opportunity  of  ex- 
changing the  letter  for  another,  announcing  that  the  queen  has 
borne  a  monster.  The  king  writes  word  that  his  wife  and  child 
are  to  be  taken  every  care  of;  but  again  the  heroine's  mother 
intercepts  the  messenger  and  substitutes  a  letter  containing  the 
order  that  the  queen's  hands  be  cut  off,  her  child  bound  to  her 
arms,  and  that  she  be  cast  forth.  St.  Joseph  finds  her,  creates 
a  castle  for  them  to  inhabit  together,  and  restores  her  hands. 
Some  time  afterwards,  the  king,  losing  his  way  when  out  hunting, 
comes  to  the  castle  and  asks  St.  Joseph  for  a  night's  lodging. 
In  the  morning  his  wife  and  child  are  restored  to  him.^ 

There  is  a  Greek  variant,  entitled  "La  Belle  sans  Mains" 
(I-.egrand,  Contes  pop,  GrecSy  pp.  241-256),  which  story,  says 
Legrand,  is  a  feeble  echo  of  the  legend  entitled  "D'une  reine 
du  pays  francs  dont  la  toute-puissante  Notre-Dame  gudrit  les 
mains  coupdes".  This  legend  was  inserted  by  the  Cretan  monk 
Agapios  in  his  * kfiaptoAwv  IZwTfjpia,  a  curious  book,  which  is  still 
as  popular  in  Greece  as  it  was  two  centuries  ago.  Probably 
Agapios  was  acquainted  with  some  Italian  imitation  of  the  "  Roman 
de  la  Manekine",  of  which  he  made  use.^ 

These  folk-tale  examples  will  suffice  for  comparison  with  such 
of  the  l^ends  as  have  more  points  of  resemblance  with  stories  of 
this  class  than  with  the  story  of  Peau  d'Ane. 

After  collating  the  several  legends  which  bear  upon  the 
adventures  of  Cinderella  in  some  of  the  numerous  ramifications 


^  For  other  examples  of  stories  of  this  type,  \\"ith  certaih  modifications,  cf. 
Arckivio  per  lo  studio  delU  trad,  popolari,  vol.  i,  p.  520,  "Madre  Oliva"  ; 
Athanas'ev,  pt  3,  Nos.  6,  13;  Blad^,  Contes  de  tArmagnac,  p.  53;  Fleury,  Litt. 
oraU  de  la  Basse  Normandie^  p.  151;  Karajich,  No.  33;  Nerucci,  No.  51; 
Pentameronet  "La  Penta  Manomozza";  Prohle,  Kinder-  urtd  Vvlkstndrchen ,  No. 
36;  Prym  and  Socin,  No.  53  (second  half);  Schneller,  No.  50;  S^billot,  Contes 
Pop.  de  la  Haute  Bretagne,  i,  No.  15;  Contes  de  pay  sans  et  de  pfcheurs,  p.  215; 
Sleere,  Swahili  Tales,  p.  393;  Zingerle.  ii,  124.  Compare  Grimm's  "Girl  without 
Hands"  and  '•  I^  Castell  de  iras  y  no  hi  venras",  in  Lo  Rondallayre,  pt.  i,  p.  60. 

'  Alessandro  d'Ancona  refers  to  the  Miracoli  delta  Madonna  as  affording  the 
theme  of  the  Rappresentaxione  di  Stella  This  book  may  have  been  in  the  hand& 
of  Agapios* 


ol  the  story,  I  found  that  M.  le  Comte  de  Puymaigre,  in  his 
work  entitled  Fnlkiurt  (Paris,  1885,  pp.  253-177),  had  made  a 
prkis  of  some  of  the  same  material.  I  am  therefore  glad  to 
economise  further  time,  having  already  given  much  to  the 
subject,  by  here  and  there  combining  his  work  with  my  own 
in  the  remarks  which  follow.  "  La  fille  aux  mains  coupy^es" 
forms  the  motif  of  bis  study  in  connection  with  the  legends. 
Only  one  of  the  Cinderella  variants,  namely,  the  Serbian,'  con- 
tains the  incident  of  cutting  off  the  hard  in  order  to  repulse 
the  unnatural  father,  M.  de  Puymaigre  met  with  this  in  the 
course  of  translating  Vuterial,  a  book  of  the  fifteenth  century, 
by  Gutierre  Dias  dc  Games,  giving  the  life  of  Don  Pero  Nino,  to 
whom  Games  was  alferes.  Accompanying  Don  Pero  to  France, 
Games  became  acquainted  with  an  episode  which  he  considered 
revealed  the  cause  of  the  long  wars  between  that  country  and 
England.  Games  relates  how  a  certain  duke  of  Guienne,  after 
the  death  of  his  wife,  fell  in  love  with  his  own  daughter,^  who, 
rather  than  that  her  father  should  kiss  her  hands,  prevailed 
on  a  servant  to  cut  them  off.  On  discovering  the  mutilation, 
the  enraged  duke  calls  a  council  to  consider  what  death  she 
shall  die.  But  the  punishment  which  the  law  ordains  for 
a  woman  of  royal  lineage  is  not  death.  She  is  accordingly 
put  to  sea  alone  in  a  boat,  together  with  all  her  belongings, 
including  a  silver  basin  containing  her  hands  and  the  blood. 
After  much  weeping  and  praying  she  falls  asleep.  The  Virgin 
appears  to  her  in  a  dream,  and  the  girl  prays  her  to  restore  her 
hands  and  take  her  safely  to  land.  The  Virgin  promises  her 
reward  and  honour.  IVhen  the  girl  wakes,  her  hands  are  whole. 
A  soft  wind  blowing  from  the  French  coast  drives  her  boat  to 
the  shores  of  England.  The  son  of  the  English  king,  returning 
with  his  fleet  from  Ireland,  discovers  her,  listens  to  her  strange 
eventful  historj-,  and  marries  her.  Finally,  when  the  Due  de 
Guienne  dies,  without  heir,  the  English  prince  goes  to  Guienne, 
and  claims  the  duchy  for  his  wife.    The  French  will  not  give  it 


I  Na  169,  p.  370. 

'  Perhaps  Lldonore  o(  Ouiennc,  niggeslt  ^t.  dd  PuymnlgrF,  ihp 
whose  parenls,  accordiHg  10  Philippe  Mousltet  \Chronuitie.  1.  345! 
il'AqUIUine  luld  Ihe  devil  Who  uiumcd  the  form  of  a  u-omitn, 
Guncs  Yaa  tiiinglcd  rccolltfclions  of  (hu  linl  wife  of  Louis  Vtl 
obviom  aniiiguiiyi 


I 
I 


A^flUi 


I'MEIAtt.  xlvii 

Up,  but  drive  him  from  ihe  country.  The  duke  had  never  been 
reconciled  to  bis  daughter,  though  he  had  heard  of  ihc  miracle ; 
and,  feeling  his  end  approaching,  he  had  given  the  duchy  to  the 
King  of  France.  This,  says  Games,  was  the  beginning  of  the 
war  which  has  lasted  to  the  present  day-^ 

The  above  theme,  orally  transmitted  in  the  folk-tale  at  the 
present  day,  is  found  in  most  of  the  mediaeval  literatures  of  the 
West,  amongst  Celts,  Anglo-Saxons,  and  Normans.  One  of  the 
oldest  forms  of  the  saga  is  that  found  in  the  VUae  duorum 
Offarum,  by  Matthew  Paris. - 

In  Ihe  Vi/a  Offat  Pri'mi  we  read  of  Offa  as  the  king  of  the  West 
/Vngles.    One  day,  when  hunting  in  the  forest,  he  finds  a  beautiful 


'  .\i  I  have  explained  above,  the  Comle  dc  Puymaigre  h«s  sludied  the  Icgrndi 
more  especially  in  conneclion  with  the  incident  of  culling  off  the  hands.  To  cite 
hb  interesting  remarks  upon  the  possible  origin  of  this  strange  incident  would  be 
to  digTDB  loo  widel)'  from  my  own  subject  1  may  say,  however,  thnl  M.  dc 
I'liymaiere  considers  Games'  version  to  be  (he  most  ancient  of  Uiosc  that  he  hni 
examined,  becnusc  it  is  Ihe  shortcut  and  the  least  complicated.  Games  nay  have 
learnt  it  from  oral  tradition.  If  he  borrowed  from  the  MtBuiiHe  it  would  b« 
unlike  bis  u>onl— so  thinks  M,  de  Puymaigre.  judging  from  such  evidence  as  Ihe 
t'itlmai  siflbrds — to  rrfrain  from  giving  Ihc  romance  in  its  entirety. 

'  The  following  particulars  are  from  Hardy's  DearipHtt  Ca/aligne  ofifSS, 
nIatiKg  111  llu  Early  History  if  Grtat  Britain,  vol.  i,  p.  496  IT.  :— 

"  A.D.  796.  Vilai  iuantm  Ofarum.  sivt  Offaaorum.  MtTciomm  Rigum. 
ISmnaiii Saxcti  AliaHiPwnilalorTnii.  fer  MatilUTUBt  Paris. 

"TheelderOflkwasUiesonofWarmund,  king  of  Ihe  West  Angles,  who  built  th" 
dl;  of  Warwick.  His  pretended  hislory  seems  lo  be  pure  fable,  bated  on  the  same 
■oateriaU  that  were  used  by  Saxo  Grammaticus  in  liis  account  of  Warmund  and  Offa  ; 
but  Suradedares  thai  the  ocis  of  OfCi  after  Wormund's  death  were  lost.  In  the 
Saxon  genealogies  of  the  Mercian  kings,  Warmund,  Chefatherof  IheelderOflh,  was 
thefotinh  (lom  Woden,  and  Crida.  the  seventh  in  descent  from  Warmund.  was  the 
Gtstwhordgned.ukingof  Merda. 

"Thellleoflheseciondor  real  Ofb  is.  lo  a  great  extent,  as  fabulous  as  that  of  the 
first  Offa.  The  writer  has  taken  as  his  groundwork  the  few  notices  relating  to  Offa 
ntilchoccurinHenrj-of  Huntingdon  and  William  of  Malmesbury,  and  these  he  has 
toUrged  or  added  (oat  his  pleasure.  Now.  there  is  not  a  single  incident  wonliy  of 
crodlt  in  Ibe  whole  of  this  biography  that  is  not  derived  from  these  sources.  Wats  is 
ofopinlonlhat  though  these  two  lives  raoynothavebeen  wholly  wriiten by  Maliliew 
fcris,  yel  thai  Ihe  style  had  been  polished  by  him.  That  they  were  not  both  written 
tiy  biro  seems  pretty  clear,  nsWendover  bad,  previous  to  bis  time,  made  use  of  Ihe 
life  of  the  historic  Offa  (see  Coxe'sffi>r«r^lFrniAn'^r,  vol.  i,  p.  »Si).  We  have  the 
•lleroBllve,  therefore,  of  supposing  that  the  life  of  the  mythic  Gib  was  wrllion  by 
MMtbew  Paris,  after  his  reium  from  Norway,  whither  he  bad  been  seal  by  Pope 
IniMoent  IV,  in  the  year  1143.  on  a  special  mission,  having  possiMy  been  suggested 
tobim,  during  his  suy  in  Scandinavia  ;  or.  Chat  the  tradition  carried  with  Ihem  into 
EaglMdtiy  the  Aiiglei  bad  been  lakenupand  adapted  by  Matthew  Pariv" 


xlviii  PREfACt 

maiden  in  royal  garb.  He  questions  her,  and  learns  that  her  fathi 
ihc  king  of  York,  had  fallen  in  love  with  her,  and,  because  she 
would  not  yield  to  his  wishes,  had  caused  her  to  be  conveyed  to  a 
remote  waste-land,  there  to  be  cnidly  shin  and  left  to  the  beasts. 
Bui  the  agents  of  this  doom  have  spared  her  life.  Offa  lakes  her 
home  with  hiin,  entrusts  her  to  the  care  of  certain  courtiers,  and 
some  years  afterwards  makes  her  his  wife,  and  she  bears  him  lovely 
children.  The  king  of  Norlhumbria,  harassed  by  the  Scots  and 
certain  of  his  own  subjects,  seeks  the  aid  of  Offa,  at  the  same  time 
asking  for  the  hand  of  his  daughter,  and  promising  to  acknowledge 
him  his  sovereign.  These  terms  arc  sworn  on  the  Gospels.  Offa 
sets  off  to  the  North,  defeats  the  Scots,  and  sends  his  people  ihc 
news  of  the  war.  The  bearer  of  the  letters  is  waylaid  by  Ofla's 
Eon-in-law,  who  makes  him  drunk,  and,  whilst  he  sleeps,  robs  him 
of  his  letters,'  suljstituting  others  which  announce  that  Offa  has 
been  vanquished,  that  he  considers  his  misfortune  a  judgment  of 
(jod  on  account  of  his  sin  in  having  married  the  forest  girl,  and 
that  she  and  her  children  are  accordingly  to  be  con\*c>ed  to  some 
desert  place,  and  left  to  perish.  This  letter  reaches  Its  destina- 
tion ;  the  magnates  dare  not  disobey ;  the  queen  is  cast  out ;  moved 
by  her  beaut)-,  the  executioners  spare  her,  but  hack  the  children  in 
pieces.  A  hermit  finds  the  queen  through  hearing  the  piercing 
cries  which  proceed  from  the  corpses ;  he  places  the  mutilated 
limbs  logether,  and  resuscitates  the  children  through  his  prayers. 
When  Offa  returns  he  hears  with  horror  of  what  has  been  done 
during  his  absence.  Seeking  to  solace  his  grief  in  hunting,  he  one 
day  finds  in  the  cave  of  the  hermit  the  wife  and  children  whom  he 
had  beliticd  dead.  In  his  gratitude  he  vows  to  found  a  monas- 
tery at  the  hermit's  request.  But  this  promise  is  only  redeemed 
by  Offa  1 1,  in  the  founding  of  St.  Alban's. 
The  more  usual  incident  of  the  exposure  in  the  boat'  has  been 

*  The  ioddcnl  of  the  Innreepied  leiier  occurt  in  a  number  of  tolk-Utei. 
example.  er.Cosquin,C0>i/f> /<)/>.  ^f /-iirraiW.  ii.  108-9:  Grimm.  No.  ag.  " 
Devil  with  the  Three  Qolden  llnira";  and  No.  31.  ■'The  Girl  wilhow  Hand)":  J 
Magyaf  AnU-liilti,  pp.   53,  185,  335;   Jialyju  ja  rarinailn.  "Antli   PtuJuuia."'! 
ftuo  rtlnles  how  Amtcth  bi  Fengo  is  sent  with  a  letter  (o  the  king  of  Briinln.  orderafl 
inglhr  dmth  of  Ihc  bearer.     CTuinpare  the  cue  of  llcUeropbon  {/Had.  ii,  ilsi-)\ 
alio  Daud's  letter  to  Joab  (»  Sam.  a.  14I ;  and  the  minister's  plot  agHlnst  Chan*^ 
ilntliua  fiiutrsml  bjr  Bikya  in  the  MaMitMdrala. 

'  *l1ic  latilc  ol  DoniU'.  dAughlerof  Aerislui.  may  lie  considered  llM  germ  of  Ifltf 
simiUr  inciitontlntroducvd  Into  K>  many  of  ibi:1egeail&.   UtuuiU  wiil  lus  lafani  1*1 


I 


PREFACE.  Xlix 

reserved  for  the  following  story,  related  of  the  wife  of  King  OfTa  II. 
There  lived  in  the  land  of  the  Franks,  a  maiden  of  noble  rank 
and  of  great  beauty,  but  of  evil  disposition.  She  was  a  kinswoman 
of  Charles  the  Great  On  account  of  some  disgraceful  offence  she 
was  placed,  with  but  scanty  provision,  in  a  boat  with  neither  rudder 
nor  sail,  and  abandoned  to  the  waves.  After  long  voyaging  she 
landed  in  the  kingdom  of  Offa,  and  being  taken  before  the  king, 
she  related,  in  her  mother  tongue,  the  cause  of  her  banishment. 
She  had  been  sought  in  marriage  by  one  of  lowly  birth,  whom  she 
had  rejected,  not  wishing  to  debase  the  blood  of  her  race  ;  and  it 
was  in  consequence  of  the  schemes  of  this  disappointed  suitor  that 
she  had  been  exposed.  Her  name  was  Drida.  King  Offa  con 
fided  the  girl  to  the  care  of  his  mother,  the  Countess  Marcella. 
As  soon  as  she  recovered  her  strength  her  old  wildness  returned 
with  her  beauty.  Offa  married  her  secretly ;  but,  when  his  parents 
heard  of  it,  they  died  of  grief.  Drida  was  called,  after  her  mar- 
"^gc,  Quendrida,  />.,  R^ina  Drida.  She  was  also  called  Petro- 
nilla.i 

The  same  theme  forms  the  basis  of  the  Roman  de  la  Manekine^ 
(MS.  de  la  Biblioth^que  Royale,  No.  7609),  written  in  verse 
by  Philippe  de  Reimes,  a  trouvhre  of  the  thirteenth  century.^ 
It  tells  how  the  King  of  Hungary,  left  a  widower,  is  urged 
by  his  barons  to  marry  again.  Having  promised  the  late  queen 
that  he  would  marry  only  a  woman  exactly  resembling  her, 
he  now  seeks  to  wed  his  daughter  Joie.  She,  horrified  at 
the  proposal,  cuts  off  her  left  hand,  which  falls  into  the  stream 

exposed  on  the  sea  in  a  chest,  saved  by  some  fishermen  off  the  coast  of  the  island  of 
Seriphus,  and  carried  by  them  to  Polydectcs,  king  of  that  country,  who  afterwards 
fdl  in  love  with  her. 

The  punishment  of  exposure  in  an  empty  boat  recurs  in  the  story  of  Ragnar 
Lodbrok  {Lappenberg,  \,  300). 

^  See  Hermann  Suchier's ' '  Sage  von  Ofifa  und  pryt$o  "  in  Paul  und  Braune,  Beitrage 
turGeschichtederdaitschen  Sprache  und  Literature  vol  iv,  pp.  500-21 ;  Halle,  1877. 
Suchier  thinks  the  oldest  versions  of  the  saga  are  connected  with  the  story  of  pry^a 
in  Bedwulf  (see  op.  cit. ,  p.  518). 

'  An  analysis  of  ia  Afanekint  is  given  in  VHistoire  HtUraire  de  la  France^ 
I.  xxii,  p.  864.     See  also  t.  xv,  p.  394;  t.  xxii,  p.  228;  t.  xxiii,  p.  680. 

'  This  is  the  Philippe  of  Beaumanoir  who  wrote  the  Coutumes  du  Beauvoisis  and 

Uti^  Blonde  d' Oxford.     Suchier  thinks  (see  op.  cit.)  that  he  most  probably  visited 

England  in  his  youth,  and  there  made  acquaintance  with  the  Manekine.     He  con- 

dcrs  it  improbable  that  the  Vita  Offae  Primi  was  his  source,  as  Philippe's  version 

does  not  share  in  its  disfigurements. 


flowing  benealh  ihe  kitchen  where  she  performs  ihe  deed.  Hei 
father  is  furious,  and  condemns  her  to  be  burnt  alive,  A  dummy 
(/Hdwnf^uf'fl ^whence  the  title  of  Ihe  reman)  is  put  in  Joie's 
place,  and  she  is  embarked,  and  lands  in  Scotland,  where  the  i 
king  meets  her,  falls  in  love  with  her,  and  marries  her.  (The 
resemblance  with  the  legend  from  Victoria!  ceases  at  this  point, 
and  Ihe  subsequent  events  run  parallel  with  the  incidents  in  that 
class  of  folk-tale  of  which  I  have  given  specimens.)  During  the 
absence  of  her  husband,  who  has  gone  to  take  part  in  a  tournament 
arranged  by  tiie  King  of  France,  Joie  bears  a  son.  The  mother-in- 
law  intercepts  the  letter  which  should  announce  the  news  to  the 
king,  and  substitutes  another,  saying  that  Joie  has  borne  a  monster. 
The  king  writes  that  nothing  is  to  be  done  till  his  return;  his 
mother  exchanges  this  letter  for  one  ordering  the  seneschal 
to  bum  Joie.  Once  more  she  is  saved  by  ihe  substitution  of  a 
dummy,  and  she  embark.s  with  her  child.  The  king  returns, 
learns  the  truth,  locks  up  his  mother,  and  sets  out  in  search 
of  his  wife  from  Phrygia  to  India  Major.  After  seven  years  he 
finds  her  in  Rome,  where  she  had  found  shelter  in  the  house  of  a 
senator.  The  King  of  Hungary,  overburdened  with  remorse,  is 
there  also,  to  make  public  confession  in  church.  ^Vitnessing  his 
repentance,  Joie  makes  herself  known.  Her  hand,  wiiich  had 
been  swallowed  by  a  sturgeon,  is  found  in  the  fountain,  and,  in 
consequence  of  the  Pope's  benediction,  it  unites  again  with  het  j 
arm. 

Another  version  ol  the  Manekine  legend  is  related  by  Nicholas  | 
Trivet'   in  his  Anglo-Norman  Chronicle.      The  date  of  this  i 
1334.     Here  there  is  no  Catskin  opening.     The  heroine  is  called    1 
Constance,  and  she  is  the  daughter  of  the  Emperor  Tiberius  | 
Cons  tan  tinus. 

The  Tale  of  Emare,  in  the  Cotton  MS.  Caligula  A,  ii,  printed  I 
by  Rilson  in  his  Ancient  English  Metricai  Romancts  (Londoi 
i8d3,  vol.  ii,  pp.  204-247),  seems,  in  all  but  its  bad  beginning,  to  1 
be  merely  an  older  version  of  the  Constance  story. 

The  outline  of  Emare  is  as  follows : — An   Emperor,   named  | 


1  Nicholas  Trivtl  wai  an  Engliih  DaminicBn  friar,    He  is  uid  to  have  been  1 
lucated  in  hia  early  -jtaxi  in  London,  nnd  afterwania  lo  Iwh:  iluditil  Bt  Oxford.    ] 
e  infonrn  us,  in  ihe  pfoloeuc  10  ihc  Annalts  Htgum  AKglitt,  [hnl  be  tpent  k 
ne  in  study  in  Paris. 


li 


I 


Artyus,  and  his  wife  Erayne,  have  a  daughter  Emare.  On  the 
death  of  Kraync  the  child  is  enlnisted  to  a  nurse  named  Abra. 
One  day  the  Emperor,  seeing  his  daughter  clad  in  a  wondrous 
cloth  of  gold,  that  had  been  presented  to  him  by  Sir  Tergaunte, 
King  of  Sicily,  falls  in  love  with  and  seeks  to  wed  her.'  He  gets 
a  bull  from  the  Pope,  but  she  refuses  him,  and  is  in  consequence 
exposed,  clad  "  in  the  robe  of  noble  blee",  in  a  boat  which  drifts 
to  Galys.  Here  she  becomes  the  wife  of  the  king.  Her  husband 
joins  the  King  of  France  in  the  war  against  the  Saracens,  and 
during  his  absence  limare  bears  a  son,  Segramour.  The  letter 
which  should  announce  the  news  to  the  king  is  exchanged  by  the 
Icing's  mother,  and  the  false  letter  informs  him  that  his  wife  has 
borne  a  monster.  The  kindly  answer  which  he  sends  in  return 
is  converted  by  the  queen-mother  into  a  cruel  sentence.  Ac- 
cordingly, Emare  is  a  second  lime  exposed.  She  arrives  at 
Rome,  and  is  taken  to  the  house  of  a  merchant  named  lurdan. 
The  king  returns  from  the  wars,  and  banishes  his  mother  on  dis- 
covering her  treachery.  After  some  years  he  goes  to  Rome  to 
get  absolution.  He  lodges  at  the  house  where  Emare  dwells, 
and  is  served  by  his  own  son.  The  old  emperor,  Emare's  father, 
also  goes  to  the  Po|>e,  and  the  joyful  reunion  ensues. 

The  same  story  has  been  versified  at  great  length,  with  certain 
slight  variations,"  and  under  different  names,  by  the  poet  Cower, 
in  the  second  book  of  his  Confissio  Amanlis  (vol.  i,  pp.  179-^13, 
of  Dr.  Pauli's  edition),  and  after  him  by  Chaucer  in  his  Afan  of 
Lawa  Tak?  The  former,  who  makes  the  lady  whom  he  calls 
Constance,  or  Custen,  daughter  of  Tiberius  Consiantyn,  a  fabu- 
lous Christian  Emperor  of  Rome,  refers  to  "the  cronike"  as 
his  authority. 

The  story  likewise  occurs,  much  altered  and  abridged,  in  II 
PtiOroHi,  by  Ser  Giovanni  Fioreniino  (Day  i,  Nov.  10).  The 
following  is  an  outline : — 

The  Princess  Denise,  of  France,  to  avoid  a  disagreeable  mar- 

'  Oowcr  and  Chaucer  rolnie  this  part  oi  the  siory  in  a  dilTarsni  way,  omiitiiig 
Ibc  CoUkin  Incident. 

*  Pot  tbediicraUerationssn:  preface  10  Trivet's  tjiTe  of  CoiuUnM  in  Origiitali 
I    mni  AH^egmti  0/  lamt  of  Ckamitr's  Cailiriury  r.i/tj,  edited  by  Furnivnll,  Brock, 

nd  C'louston,  p.  vl, 

*  Chancer  letli  the  »lory  in  much  alioriur  oomprtss.  For  any  striking  differences 
et  ef,  til.,  lit. 


1-KEFACE. 

riage  with  an  old  German  prince,  escapes  into  England,  and 
is  [here  received  into  a  convent.  The  king,  passing  that  way, 
falls  in  love  w-ith  and  espouses  her.  Afterwards,  >hile  he  is 
engaged  in  a  war  in  Scotland,  his  wife  bears  twins.  The  queen- 
mother  sends  to  acquaint  her  son  that  his  spouse  has  given  birth 
lo  two  monsters.  In  place  of  the  king's  answer  ordering  them  lo 
be  nevertheless  brought  up  with  the  utmost  care,  she  substitutes 
a  mandate  for  their  destruction,  and  also  for  that  of  the  queen. 
The  person  to  whom  the  execution  of  this  command  is  entrusted 
allows  the  queen  to  depart  with  her  twin  children  to  Genoa.  At 
the  end  of  some  years,  she  discovers  her  husband  at  Rome 
on  his  way  to  a  crusade ;  she  there  presents  him  with  his  children, 
and  is  brought  back  with  him  in  triumph  to  England. 

In  Ritson's  opinion,  the  author  "may  seem  to  have  been  in- 
debted to  a  MS,  of  the  National  Library,  Paris  {No.  8701 ;  a 
paf>er  book  written  in  1370},  e'CA\i\eA  Fabiila  romanensis  dt  rege 
FrtiHCoruiii,  eU."^;  but  there  can  belittle  doubt  that  this  novel 
was  adapted  from  Nicholas  Trivet's  Life  of  Constance,  whose 
Chronicler  were  written  at  least  forty  years  before  Ser  Giovanni 
bi^.in  to  comjKise  his  work  in  1378  (ii  was  not  printed  till  1558), 
while  the  CanKrbury  Tales  were  probably  written  very  soon  after, 
if  not  some  of  them  before,  that  dale.* 

We  meet  with  another  version  of  the  same  iheme  in  a  German 
Volkibueh.  Here  it  is  used  lo  point  a  moral  as  well  as  to  adorn 
a  tale,  with  the  following  title,  both  critical  and  exegetical  r  Eim 
schone  anmuthige  und  leMnsiviifdige  Historic  von  d(r  geduidigen 
Helena,  Tinktcr  des  Kaiser  Ankmii,  weUhe  in  alter  GediiU  so 
vielt  Trangsakn  und  Widerwiirtigkeiten  mil  koekster  Leidsamkdl 
und  Starke  sinvohl  bey  Hofe,  ah  in  ihrer  iijiiArigen  Wanderschaft 
ausgeilanden.  Allen  Weibspersonen  sum  Beysfiet,  denen  kuriSsen 
Liebhabent  aber  sum  Schrotkfii  in  Druik  grgeben.  Ketn  am 
Rhein  und  Nitrnbtrg.  This  romance,  according  to  Gorres,'  is 
based  upon  an  old  poem  under  title ;  "  Von  eines  Ktiniges 
Tochter  von  Krankreich   ein   hubsches   Lescn,  wic  der   Kiinig 


I 


'  TV  full  liile  it  Fahuta  rom.titHiii  tt  rrgf  Fraatonim .  ixjm  nomtn  n-lkellir. 
fui  mfiJiii  mill  adiilltrium  el  ini-fUmm  cammtl/trt  ivJuit. 

»  SreOoaslonon'ThelnnDcent  Persecuted  Wife",  to  t»n/irt<i;!/oiirf.<'iu/'«*'i. 
pp.  3S7  IT. 
»  J.  Corn's,  Die  UuUehtH  yolMUthtr  (Heidelljert!.  iter.  p.  136.  Na  l8^ 


PREFACE.  liil 

sie  selbst  zuo  der  £e  wolt  hon,  des  sie  doch  got  von  im 
behuot,  und  darumb  sie  vil  triibsal  und  not  erlidt,  zuo  letst  ein 
Kiinigin  in  Engellant  ward/'  But  Merzdorf,  who  has  made  an 
elaborate  study  of  this  poem,^  agrees  with  Graesse^  in  thinking  the 
Volksbuch  version  an  abridged  translation  of  a  twelfth  century 
poetic  romance  by  Alexander  of  Bernai  or  Paris,  de  la  belle  Helaync 
de  Constantinople  mtre  de  Sainct  Martin  de  Tours  en  Tourayne, 

The  epic  poem  by  Hans  von  Biihel^  is  in  seventy-two  quarto 
pages,  and  relates  how  a  king  of  France,  whose  name  is  nowhere 
given,  wanted  to  marry  his  own  daughter,  because  she  was  the 
image  of  her  deceased  mother.  The  daughter  escapes  alone  in  a 
little  ship  from  Calais,  where  she  has  been  living  with  her  father, 
taking  with  her  provisions,  and  materials  for  working  in  silk.  She 
is  driven  to  England,  landing  near  to  London.  Attracted  by  the 
smoke  from  a  little  hut,  she  induces  the  peasants  whom  she  finds 
within  to  engage  her  to  tend  their  cattle  in  return  for  her  daily 
bread.  She  weaves  some  beautiful  silk,  and  the  peasant  woman 
takes  it  to  London  for  sale.  The  w^ife  of  the  marshal  going  to 
mass,  buys  it  of  the  woman  who  sits  at  the  cathedral  entrance,  and 
also  bids  her  bring  all  the  silk  she  has  to  her.  The  marshal, 
seeing  the  work,  the  like  of  which  could  not  be  produced  in  all  the 
kingdom,  induces  the  peasant  woman  to  reveal  who  has  made  it, 
and  the  end  of  it  is  that  he  visits  the  French  princess,  and  takes 
her  to  live  in  his  own  house,  and  treats  her  as  his  own  daughter. 
It  being  the  custom  of  the  king  (who  is  also  nameless)  to  visit  the 
marshal's  wife  after  the  transaction  of  affairs  with  her  husband,  he 
chances  one  day  to  see  the  princess,  falls  in  love  with  her,  and 
shortly  marries  her  with  great  ceremony  and  rejoicing.  A  sudden 
invasion  of  the  country  by  the  king  of  Ireland  and  Scotland 
necessitates  the  king's  presence  at  the  head  of  his  army.  The 
poem  goes  on  to  relate  the  usual  sequence  of  events,  namely, 
how  during  the  king's  absence  the  queen  bore  a  son,  and  the 
marshal  to  whose  care  she  was  confided  sent  tidings  thereof 
to  the  king;    how  the    king's    mother  intercepted  the  letter, 

1  Sec  Des  BUheUr'i  Konigstocktervon  Frankreick,  von  Theod.  Merzdorf ;  Olden- 
burg, 1867. 

'  See  Graesse,  Die  Grossen  Sagenkreise  des  Mittelalters. 

'  Hans  der  Biiheler,  or  Hans  von  Btthel,  was  in  the  service  of  the  Archbishop  o 
Cologne,  Friederich  von  Sarwenden,  and  was  setUed  in  Boppelstorf,  near  Bonn,  in 
the  beginning  of  the  fifteenth  century. 


substituting  another  which  stated  that  the  queen  had  home  a 
monster — half  human,  half  animal ;  how  she  also  intercepted  the 
king's  reply,  and  gave  orders  to  the  marshal  in  the  king's  name  to 
bum  both  queen  and  child ;  how  the  marshal  burnt  two  animals 
in  their  stead,  and  put  llie  queen  and  her  child  in  the  same  ship 
which  had  brought  her  thither ;  how,  after  many  hardships,  she 
at  length  reached  Rome,  and  look  service  with  a  citizen,  minding 
his  cattle  and  doing  housework  ;  how,  after  a  time,  the  Pope  took 
her  son  to  live  with  him,  and  gave  him  land  and  people.  And, 
at  last,  how  the  kings  of  England  and  France,  both  on  account 
of  their  sins — the  former  having  burnt  his  mother,  the  latter  hav- 
ing desired  to  wed  his  daughter — came  to  Rome  to  seek  absolu- 
tion ;  how  the  joyful  recognition  ensued,  and  the  heroine  was 
token  home,  after  calling  on  the  way  at  Paris,  where  the  French 
king  proclaimed  his  daughter  heir  to  the  throne.  Having  taken 
part  in  the  rejoicings  in  England,  the  French  king  returns  to  his 
capital,  falls  ill,  and  dies,  before  his  daughter  and  son-in-law  can 
reach  him  ;  but  when  they  arrive  their  sovereign  right  is  acknow- 
ledged. The  King  of  England  and  his  son  are  recalled  on  account 
of  another  invasion  of  the  King  of  Ireland  and  Scotland,  and  in  ihe 
meantime  the  queen  dies,  and  the  throne  of  France  is  claimed  by 
another  king.  Her  husband  is  broken-hearted  at  her  death,  and 
determines  to  recover  the  French  crown  for  his  son.  The  poem 
ends  by  pointing  out  this  explanation  of  England's  claim  to  the 
throne  of  France,  and  of  the  long  wars  which  ensued. 

The  poem  consists  of  15,000  rhymed  verses.  The  Volkslmek 
has  retained  much  of  the  naif  simplicity  of  the  poem,  though 
materially  altering  the  plan.  The  King  of  France  appears  here  as 
the  Emperor  Anlonius  of  Constantinople ;  the  Pope  becomes  the 
Patriarch  of  Naples.  The  queen  bears  two  sons,  who  are  carried 
off  in  the  wilderness  by  a  hon  and  a  wolf,  and  saved  by  a  hermit, 
Helena  has  her  hands  cut  off  for  having  driven  the  children 
away,  and  the  niece  of  the  Duke  of  Gloucester  (who  herein  plays 
the  role  of  the  marshal)  willingly  gives  herself  to  be  burnt  in 
Helena's  stead,  -M'ler  many  adventures,  the  two  confederate 
kings  meet  with  the  hapless  queen  and  her  two  children  in 
Tours. 

Still  more  intricate  are  the  events  related  in  the  French  version 
(alluded  to  above),  published  in  quarto,  at  Paris,  without  date. 


!Ier  the  title ;  Histoire  de  la  belle  HeUine  de  Constantinople,  mhe 
de  St.  Mat-tin  de  Tours  en  Toumine  et  de  St.  Brice  son  frhty 
Helcine  is  ihe  daughter  of  Antoine,  king  of  Constanlinople,  who 
matried  the  sister  of  Pope  Clement  IX,  Hdeine's  mother  dies 
when  she  is  fifteen  years  old,  and,  after  remaining  a  widower  for 
a  time,  the  king  asks  his  brother-in-law  for  permission  to  marrj- 
Heleine,  for  there  is  none  as  lovely  as  she.  This  the  Pope,  at  first, 
refuses,  though  he  had  undertaken  to  grant  any  request  Anionius 
might  make,  in  return  for  his  help  in  repulsing  the  Saracens  ; 
but  soon  after  he  consents,  in  accordance  with  divine  command, 
which  an  angel  brings.  But  this  authority  avails  him  nothing, 
for  when  Antoine  reveals  his  intentions  to  his  daughter,  she 
throws  herself  at  his  feet  weeping,  and  protesting  that  she 
would  rather  out  off  her  hands  and  feet  than  suffer  it.  Then 
follow  the  flight  and  various  adventures.  Counselled  by  a  nun, 
Heleinc  escapes  in  a  Flemish  ship  to  Sluis  (Port  de  I'EcIuse), 
where  she  enters  a  convent.  Antonius,  in  his  rage,  lakes  ship 
after  her,  and  sails  tlirough  every  sea  of  Europe  in  vain  quest. 
She  lives  for  many  a  year  in  her  retreat,  till  Cantebron,  King 
of  Sluis,  who  has  become  enamoured  of  her,  directs  his  body- 
guard of  Saracens  to  storm  the  convent  and  carry  her  to  his 
seraglio.  Heleine  flees  in  a  Spanish  ship  sailing  to  Catalonia. 
But  the  ship  is  wrecked,  and  all  save  Helcine  perish,  she  being 
cast  ashore  on  the  English  coast.  King  Henry  of  England, 
taking  his  pleasure  on  the  sea,  is  astounded  at  her  beauty  and  the 
richness  of  her  attire,  and  he  rescues  her.  His  offer  of  marriage 
she  accepts,  though  she  declines  to  reveal  her  descent,  and  will 
only  say  that  she  is  "  la  plus  noble  Damoiselle  de  la  Chr^tient^". 
The  marriage  takes  place  against  the  wish  of  Henry's  mother. 
Once  more  the  Saracens  threaten  Rome,  and  Pope  Clement  seeks 
the  aid  of  the  King  of  Great  Britain.  He  gives  it  in  person,  leaving 
the  Uuke  of  Gloucester  as  regent,  and  confiding  Hdeine  to  his 
I  care.  Then  follows  the  birth  of  the  children,  which  the  mother, 
I  who  waylays  the  messenger  at  Dover,  pretends  are  dogs,  and  the 
I  fniidulent  letters.  The  Duke  of  Gloucester  cannot  make  up  his 
id  to  burn  Heleine,  as  the  false  letter  directs,  so,  after  cutting  off 
\  one  of  her  arms,  for  some  unexplained  purpose,  he  puts  her  to  sea. 


Ivi 


A  niece  of  the  duke's,  named  Marie,  offers  herself  to  be  burned' 
with  Iwo  straw  dolls  in  the  place  of  the  queen  and  her  sons.  Tha 
hand  of  the  queen,  which  had  been  cut  off,  is  put  in  a  box,  and 
hung  round  the  neck  of  one  of  the  children,  The  boat  lands 
iheni  in  Briliany.  Whilst  Heleine  sleeps,  a  lion  and  n  wolf  from 
the  forest  make  away  with  her  children.  She  seeks  ihem  in  vain, 
wandering  at  length  to  the  neighbourhood  cf  Nantes,  where  she 
takes  refuge  in  a  deserted  hut,  and  lives  on  the  alms  of  the 
passers-by.  A  hermit  saves  the  children,  and  calls  one  l.ion  and 
the  other  Arm  (Bras),  Meanwhile,  King  Henry  has  slain  the 
Saracens,  freed  Pope  Clement,  and  returned  to  London,  lo  learn 
the  sorrowful  fale  of  his  wife  and  children.  He  is  still  bewailing 
his  misfortunes,  when  Antonius,  King  of  Constantinople,  who  has 
never  ceased  seeking  his  daughter,  arrives  on  the  scene.  The  two 
kings  sympathise  with  each  other,  and  discover  that  ihey  grieve 
for  the  same  person.  The  Duke  of  Gloucester  reveals  ihe  truth, 
and,  convinced  of  the  guilt  of  the  queen-mother,  ihe  king  orders 
her  banishment.  London  being  hateful  to  him,  Henry  joins  the 
Kings  of  Scotland  and  Constantinople  in  the  war  against  the 
heathen  of  Europe.  They  first  vanquish  Clovis,  King  of  Bor- 
deaux, who  allows  himself  to  be  baptised,  and  then  joins  in  the 
crusade.  The  hermit,  meanwhile,  has  brought  up  the  children, 
iind  when  they  are  sixteen  years  of  age  he  sends  theni  forth  to 
discover,  if  possible,  their  parentage.  They  come  to  Tours,  where 
the  archbishop  himself  receives  them,  and  changes  the  name  of 
Lion  into  Martin,  and  of  Arm  into  Brice.  Heleine,  loo,  comes  to 
Tours,  and  receives  rich  alms  from  Martin,  who  does  not  know 
her.  And  the  four  kings  come  to  Tours,  where  the  two  promising 
youths  are  presented  to  them.  When  the  King  of  England  opens 
Brice's  box  and  sees  the  hand,  he  is  convinced  that  he  has  found 
his  two  sons.  Martin  seeks  the  poor,  one-handed  woman  whom 
he  supposes  to  be  his  mother ;  but,  on  the  arrival  of  the  kings,  she 
had  fled  in  alarm  over  the  Alps  to  Rome.  Here  she  is  supported 
by  the  Pope,  her  unknown  uncle,  Brice  is  taken  lo  London, 
there  to  make  manifest  the  innocence  of  his  mother,  and  then 
goes  with  the  four  kings  to  Palestine  to  fight  against  the  Saracens, 
whilst  Martin  remains  at  Tours  with  the  archbishop.  When  the 
Saracens  are  subdued  the  conquerors  journey  to  Rome,  whereupon 
Heleine  flees  lo  Tours,  revealing  in  a  letter  to  the  Pope  tliat  she  is 


I 


PREFACE.  hii 

his  niece.  The  King  of  England  learns  through  this  letter  that 
his  wife  is  still  living,  and  is  at  length  reunited  to  her.  The 
archbishop  of  Tours  permits  Martin  to  place  his  mother's  severed 
hand  on  the  stump,  and  the  two  are  united  by  a  miracle.  An- 
tonius,  with  Brice  and  his  wife  Ludiene,  goes  back  to  Constanti* 
nople^  Henry  and  Heleine  live  with  Clement  in  Rome,  and  Martin 
remains  in  Tours,  where  he  becomes  archbishop.^ 

The  chap-book  romances  of  Genoveva,  Griseldis,  Hirlanda,' 
and  Florenda  may  be  referred  to  as  variants  of  the  story  of  the 
innocent  persecuted  wife,  though  it  is  unnecessary  to  cite  them  in 
connection  with  the  Catskin  story. 

The  episode  of  the  enamoured  father  and  the  flight  of  the 
daughter  is  related  almost  identically  in  the  thirteenth-century 
romance  of  Mai  and  B^aflor.^  B^aflor  is  the  daughter  of  the 
Roman  Emperor  Teljon.  When  her  mother  Sabie  dies,  she 
is  brought  up  by  a  nurse,  and  afterwards  by  a  senator  and 
his  wife.  Her  father,  enamoured  of  her  great  beauty,  seeks  to 
wed  her.  She  asks  for  fourteen  days'  grace,  and  in  the  mean- 
time confides  her  father's  purpose  to  her  foster-parents.  They 
fit  out  a  ship  and  put  her  on  board  with  provisions  for  two 
or  three  months,  and  with  all  the  valuables  inherited  from  her 
mother.  B^aflor  comes  to  "Meienlant",  where  Count  Mai 
receives  her,  and  gives  her  into  his  mother's  care.  Presently, 
after  he  has  married  her,  contrary  to  his  mother's  wish,  Mai  is 
sent  for  to  help  his  uncle  in  Spain  against  the  heathen.     During 

1  For  further  details,  see  G5rres,  op,  at. ,  p.  138 ;  and  Ch.  Nisard,  Histoire  des 
livres  populaires,  i.  pp.  415  ff.  The  same  legend  is  told  also  in  Btlckstrdrn's 
Svtnska  Folibocker,  i.  188,  "Helena  Antonia  af  Constantinopel" ;  and  in  R. 
"Sycnrp's  Morskabsfasning :  Danmark  og  Norge  (1816),  p.  138,  "Den  talmodigc 
Helene".  (Sec  Merzdorf,  op.  cit.,  pp.  18  ff.,  for  references  to  Dutch,  Danish,  and 
Swedish  translations. ) 

3  Reinhold  Kdhler  (in  Revue  Ceitique,  t.  i.  pp.  223  ff.)  points  out  the  resem- 
blance between  the  Breton  mystery  of  "  Sainte  Tryphine  et  le  roi  Arthur"  (ed.  by 
Luzd)  and  the  story  of  Hirlanda,  as  related  by  Pd-e  Ren6  de  Ceriziers  in  his  Trots 
F.siats  de  F Innocence,  conienani  V histoire  de  la  Pucelie  d'OrUans,  ou  V Innocence 
Affiigie :  De  Geneviivet  ou  V Innocence  Reconnue :  UHirlande,  ou  V Innocence 
Couronnie  (reprinted  several  times  since  1640).  He  refers  to  the  chap-book 
version  of  Hirlanda  given  by  Gorres  in  his  Die  Teutschen  VolkshUcher  (Heidelberg, 
1807),  p.  T46. 

*  Sec  [Pfeiffer  in]  Mai  und  Beajlor,  ist  ed.  (1848),  pp.  v-xv.  Merzdorf,  op.  at., 
refers  to  Afai  and  Bia/lSr,  a  paper  MS.  of  the  fifteenth  century  in  the  Munich 
State  Library  {Cod,  germ,  531).  Cf.  also  Graesse,  Die  grossen  SagenAreiu  des 
Mittelaiters,  p.  285. 

e 


Iviii  PREFACE. 

his  absence,  Beaflor  bears  a  son;  the  news  is  sent  to  the  j 
count,  but  the  messenger  is  intercepted  by  the  motherir 
law  at  Claremont  tKlaremunt),  where  she  has  gone  to  reside,  • 
and  robbed  of  his  letter  whilst  he  is  dnjnk,  a  false  letter 
being  substituted.  On  his  return,  he  is  again  waylaid,  and  the 
count's  letter  is  exchanged  for  one  ordering  the  death  of  Beaflor. 
She  is,  however,  rescued  from  this  fate,  and  put  in  a  boat  with 
her  child.  Mai  returns,  and,  learning  all,  stabs  his  mother  and  | 
banishes  the  messenger.  Beaflur  drifts  to  Rome :  the  ship- 
builder Thibalt  recognises  the  boat  he  had  built  for  her  foster- 
parents.  Bfiatlor  is  again  received  into  their  home.  Her  child  is 
taken  to  the  cathedral  to  be  christened  by  the  Pope,  receiving 
the  name  of  Schoifloris  (though  in  the  course  of  the  poem  he  is 
only  called  I.ols),  Mai  comes  to  Rome  after  some  years,  to 
soothe  his  conscience,  and  LoSs  is  sent  to  meet  him.  In  this 
way  he  is  subsequently  re-united  to  B£afl6r. 

Mention  must  here  be  made  of  the  similar  case  of  the  Countesa   - 
of  Anjou'  {Manuscrits  de  !a  Bthliothique  du  Roi,  by  Paulin  Paris, 
vol.  vi,  p.  40).     Her  father  falls  in  love  with  her  during  a  game   j 
of  chess,  and  she  is  forced  to  flee.     After  many  wanderings,  and 
all  sorts  of  adventures,  she  marries  the  Count  of  Bourges,  but   j 
the  Countesa  of  Chartres,  his  aunt,  is  furious  at  the  mesalliance 
— for  she  is  ignorant  of  his  wife's  rank — and  she  plays  the  r6Ie 
usually  assigned  to  the  mothers-in-law. 

I  have  reserved  one  other  version  of  the  ancient  romance, 
this  time  attaching  to  the  daughter  of  the  King  of  Russia.  Again,  , 
as  in  the  folk-tales,  this  is  a  case  of  O  matre  pukhra  filia  put-  ' 
ckfior.  Her  story  is  said  to  have  been  composed  by  Giovanni 
Enenkel  in  the  thirteenth  centur>-.  I  have  taken  it  from  the 
Gesammlabtnttuer  of  Friedrich  Heinrich  von  der  Hagen  (Stutt- 
gart and  Tubingen,  1850,  ii,  590).  It  is  called  "  Ueu  tochter 
des  Kiiniges  von  Reuzen". 

This  king  has  a  beautiful  wife,  and  a  still  more  lovely  daughter. 
When  his  wife  dies  he  will  marry  no  one  who  is  not  as  lovely  as 
his  daughter.     Messengers  scour  the  land  in  fruitless  quest  for  a  j 
fitting  bride,  and  the  king's  lords  persuade  him  to  purchase  the  I 

'  U'Ancona  (^rirrv  Haf^. .  iii,  aoo)  nolicei  an  cbscuin  piny,  or  poem,  of  the  ui 
lecnlh  LCiituty.  enUlleil  "  L>cl  diu»  d'Anpo  e  ile  Cu&uniii  so  mojer",  from  n 
DCcouni  of  it  by  AiloKu  Musufia.  umidnnl  in  ihe/fM  iill'  A^adtma  di  yitnin 
1 866  (see  Clouslan ,  In  ij*.  til. ,  p.  404  f> )- 


PREFACE.  lix 

Pope's  permission  to  marry  his  own  daughter.  When  she  under- 
stands that  the  wedding  preparations  are  for  her  father  and 
herself,  she  tears  off  the  wedding-gown,  cuts  off  her  hair,  and 
scratches  her  face  till  it  bleeds.  Her  father  is  enraged,  and  has 
her  shut  up  in  a  barrel  and  thrown  into  the  sea.^  The  barrel 
gets  carried  to  Greece,  where  the  king  espies  it  and  has  it  landed. 
He  marries  the  heroine.  Then  follow  the  incidents  of  the 
king's  absence  at  the  war,  and  the  calumniated  wife  and  inter- 
cepted letters.  The  heroine  is  put  back  into  the  barrel  with  her 
child,  and  the  waves  carry  her  into  the  Tiber,  as  far  as  Rome, 
where  she  is  rescued  by  a  nobleman.  Eventually  her  husband 
finds  her  when  he  comes  to  Rome  to  do  penance ;  and  the 
Russian  king,  her  father,  also  coming  to  expiate  his  crime,  is,  in 
like  manner,  reunited  to  the  heroine. 

A  drama,  entitled  "  Un  Miracle  de  Nostre-Dame",  the  author 
of  which  has  taken  his  subject  from  the  Roman  de  la  Manekine^  is 
published  in  the  Thedtre  Franfais  au  Moyen  Age  (public  d'aprfes 
les  Manuscrits  de  la  Bibliothbque  du  Roi,  par  MM.  L.  J.  N. 
Monmerqu^  et  Francisque  Michel  [xi«-xiv*  sifecles],  Paris,  1842. 

Pp.  481-550)-^ 

The  following  is  an  outline  of  the  plot  as  disclosed  by  the 
dramatis  persona.  King  is  counselled  to  marry,  that  he  may 
have  a  male  heir.  He  will  only  have  a  woman  exactly  like 
deceased  wife,  whom  he  dearly  loved.  Courtiers  discuss  the 
matter,  and  one  chevalier  suggests  king's  daughter  as  bride.  They 
seek  consent  of  Pope,  who  grants  them  a  bull.  King  discloses 
his  intention  to  daughter,  who  vainly  tries  to  dissuade  him.  She 
prays  to  Virgin ;  cuts  off  her  hand.  King,  enraged,  orders  her 
to  be  burned  or  hanged.  Executioner  is  summoned.  Courtier 
plans  to  save  her  life,  and  has  her  taken  to  his  ow^n  house.  Fire 
is  kindled  to  delude  king,  who  henceforth  believes  daughter  is 

1  In  the  GuH.rziou-Breiz-izei,  Saint  Honorine  is  persecuted  and  cist  into  the  sea 
in  a  barrel.  Similarly,  in  Weckerlin's  Chansons  populaires  de  f  Alsace,  Saint  Odile 
is  by  her  father's  order  put  into  a  barrel  and  abandoned  to  the  waves. 

'  In  his  Preface  to  the  Mystires  Inidiis  du  Quinziime  Siicle  (publics  pour  la 
premiere  fois,  pnr  Achille  Jubinal ;  Paris,  1837),  Jubinal  gives  a  table  of  the 
Mysteries  in  the  MSS.  de  la  Bibl.  du  Roi,  and  on  p.  xxviii,  vol.  i,  this  note : — "  Cy 
commence  un  miracle  de  Notre-Dame,  de  la  fille  d'un  roi  qui  se  parti  d'avec  son 
p^e  pour  ce  que  il  la  vouloit  espouser,  et  laissa  habit  de  femme,  et  se  mainteint 
com  chevalier  et  fu  sodoier  de  Tempereur  de  Constantinoblc,  et  depuis  fu  sa  femme" 
(vol.  ii,  cot^  7208  B.),  folio  221. 

e  2 


Ix  PREIfACE, 

burned.  Heroine  is  put  alone  in  ship ;  is  found  by  the  provost 
of  ihe  king  of  Scotland.  King  questions  her  as  to  her  parentage, 
etc.  She  says  she  is  called  B^thequine.  Queen-nioihcr  befriends 
her,  and  she  serves  as  chamfaer-maJd.  Presently  queen  ill-treats 
her,  ihinlcing  she  aspires  to  marriage  with  her  son.  King  asks 
why  she  has  been  weeping ;  will  marry  her  at  Chester,  and  pro- 
claim her  queen.  His  mother  is  very  angry.  He  is  to  attend 
tournament  at  Senlis ;  leaves  his  wife  in  provost's  care ;  when 
her  child  is  born  they  are  to  inform  him  by  sealed  letter.  After 
king's  departure,  heroine  bears  a  son.  King's  mother  intercepts 
messenger,  who  is  carrying  news  lo  king,  makes  him  drunk,  and 
changes  letter  for  one  announcing  that  young  queen  has  borne  a 
monster,  which  they  have  burned,  and  that  they  await  orders 
whether  to  burn  young  queen  also.  King  reads  letter;  sends 
written  order  by  messenger,  who  is  again  intercepted  by  queen- 
mother,  made  drunk,  and  robbed  of  letter  directing  Ihat  queen 
and  infant  shall  be  kept  apart  in  secret  till  his  return.  Queen- 
mother  substitutes  letter  commanding  that  queen  and  progeny  be 
instantly  burned.  Courtier,  who  reads  king's  letter,  is  filled  with 
pily,  and  tells  queen,  who  is  dismayed  and  full  of  wonder,  and 
prays  to  Virgin.  Chevalier  and  provost  take  counsel  logether, 
and  determine  to  save  queen's  life.  They  put  her  in  a  boat 
without  rudder  or  helm,  that  she  may  be  at  the  mercy  of  God. 
I,ady-in-waiting  insists  on  sharing  her  fate.  She  is  rescued  by  a 
senator,  who  tells  her  she  has  landed  near  Rome,  takes  her  to  his 
wife,  who  befriends  her,  and  lets  her  live  with  them.  King  of 
Scotland  returns ;  inquires  for  wife  and  child.  Chevalier  says 
they  have  been  burned  according  to  his  order.  King  says  he 
gave  orders  for  them  to  be  conlined  in  a  tower  till  his  return. 
Letter  is  shown  to  him;  he  questions  messenger;  sends  for 
mother,  who,  on  being  threatened,  confesses,  and  is  imprisoned  for 
life.  King  will  punish  with  death  by  burning  the  two  courtiers 
who  executed  queen-mother's  orders.  They  confess  they  dis- 
obeyed, and  spared  the  young  queen's  life.  He  takes  them  with 
him,  and  sets  out  to  seek  her.  They  make  pilgrimage  to  Rome. 
The  king  of  Hungary  is  also  going  to  confess  lo  Pope  his  sin 
towards  his  daughter.  Senator  meets  the  king  of  Scotland ; 
takes  him  to  his  house.     Queen  hides,  being  afraid  to  meet  her 


I 


PREFACE.  Ixi 

husband.  King  sees  the  child  playing  with  a  ring  which  he  re- 
cognises as  one  he  gave  his  wife.  Senator  tells  him  how  he 
found  the  child's  mother,  and  how  he  has  taken  care  of  her. 
King  embraces  his  wife.  They  attend  the  service  at  which  the 
Pope  is  to  give  absolution  to  penitents.  Here  they  see  the 
king  of  Hungary.  The  queen  recognises  her  father,  who  tells 
the  king  of  Scotland  of  his  wife's  parentage.  Service  is  about 
to  commence.  Clerk  enters  in  great  alarm  to  say  he  can  get  no 
drop  of  water  from  the  river,  because  of  a  hand  which  keeps 
floating  up  to  his  bucket.  He  brings  the  hand  to  the  Pope; 
queen  says  it  is  hers,  and  tells  the  Pope  her  story.  He  touches 
her  arm  with  the  hand,  which  immediately  is  reunited  to  it. 

The  same  subject  has  found  dramatic  treatment  in  Italy,  in 
La  Rappresentazione  di  Santa  Uliva  (Pisa,  1863.  The  date  of 
the  I  St  edition  is  not  known).  Alessandro  d'Ancona  has  given 
an  account  of  this  play,  which  he  publishes  in  his  Sacre  Rap- 
presentazione dei  Secoli  xiv,  xv,  Jft^/ (Firenze,  1872.  Vol.  iii,  pp. 
235  se^.y  The  commencement  is  almost  identical  with  that  of 
the  Manekine^  except  that  a  Roman  emperor  replaces  the  king  of 
Hungary,  and  his  daughter  cuts  oflf  both  her  hands.  She  falls  in 
with  the  king  of  Britain,  who  takes  her  to  his  palace,  and  gives 
her  charge  over  the  infant  prince.  A  baron  becomes  enamoured 
of  her,  and,  in  repelling  his  advances,  she  upsets  the  cradle, 
which,  as  she  has  no  hands,  she  is  unable  to  replace.  The  baron 
accuses  her  of  murdering  the  child,  who  has  been  killed  by  the 
fall.  She  is  condemned  to  death,  but  the  seneschal  takes  pity  on 
her,  and  leads  her  to  the  forest  in  which  she  had  been  found. 
The  Virgin  appears  to  her,  restores  her  hands,  and  points  her  to 
a  convent  where  she  can  find  shelter.  A  wicked  priest  accuses 
her  of  stealing  a  chalice.  She  is  placed  in  a  boat,  and  abandoned 
to  the  waves.  Certain  merchants  come  across  her,  and  take  her 
to  the  king  of  Castile,  who  marries  her,  and  shortly  afterwards 
leaves  her  to  go  to  war.  In  the  meantime  Uliva  bears  a  son, 
and  receives  precisely  the  same  treatment  from  her  mother-in-law 
as  does  Joie  in  the  Manekine.  Uliva  is  once  more  exposed  in  a 
boat,  and  arrives  at  length  at  Rome,  where  she  finds  her  husband, 
who  has  come  to  seek  absolution  for  having  caused  his  mother's 
death  in  his  wrath  against  her  for  her  wicked  machinations.   The 


txii 


King  of  Castile  recognises  his  wife,  the  emperor  hisdaughter,  a 
al!  ends  happily.' 

The  Rapprescntazione  di  SlelUt,  also  published  in  D'Ancona's 
Sacre  /iappnsentasUne,  has  much  the  same  incidents  as  the  story   I 
of  St.  Uliva.^ 

Stella  is  the  stepdaughter  of  the  Empress  of  the  French.    The 
assassins  to  whom  she  is  delivered  during  the  emperor's  absence 
spare  her  life,  but  cut  off  her  hands  to  take  as  token  to  her  step-   | 
mother.     The  Duke  of  Burgundy  finds  Stella  in  the  forest  a 
weds  her.     It  is  the  stepmother  in  this  case  who  exchanges  the 
letters. 

The  history  of  the  daughter  of  the  King  of  Dacia  {Nave/la 
deila  figlia  del  r<  di  Deida.  Pisa,  1866.  Introd.  by  Wessel- 
ofsky)  differs  but  little  from  the  foregoing  up  to  the  point 
when  Elisa  reaches  Rome.  There  a  German  prince,  the  Duke 
of  Apardo,  sees  her,  and  falls  in  love  with  her.  The  miracles 
follow.  Elisa  recovers  her  hands ;  directed  by  celestial  voices, 
Apardo  inclines  to  wed  the  lovely  stranger;  and  the  marriage 
takes  place,  leading  to  the  usual  plots  against  the  young  wife. 
Once  more  in  Rome,  Elisa  is  engaged  by  a  German  nobleman  ' 
as  nurae  to  his  son.  The  Duke  of  Apardo,  visiting  her  n 
recognises  her  as  his  wife.^ 

The  greater  part  of  these  incidents  are  met  with  again  in  I 
a  Catalonian  version,*  Historia  del  rey  de  Hungrta,  cited  by  le 
Comte  de  Puymaigre  ^Documentos  de  la  corona  de  Aragou,  vol.  ] 


'  Horr  WfsKlofiky  ihinks  be  recognises  in  ibe  rafprtHntatieta  cenain  rnii b  ii 
Uio  life  of  Soiiit  Ubva  of  Palermo,  as  reeouiiled  by  Uie  BoUanilisls.     There  ii 
llDWever,  no  inuc  of  ilie  unlawful  marriage  epiwde,  or  of  tbe  cuning  oIT  of  Ui«  I 
hiuKb.  in  ibe  Afli  Sstutfrum,  in  connection  wllb  Ihis  snint.  whose  persKUIions  I 
nrc  of  a  different  choracler.    According  to  Herr  Wessclofsky.  tbe  legend  hu  in 
origin  in  a,  myih,  which,  like  mnny  another  tnytta.  having  lost  all  symbolical  I 
chirafter,  becomes  a  siingile  noirsDrc,     So,  the  queen  who  dies  is  Uic  goddiss  of  I 
itac  departing  summer;  her  daughter,  the  goddess  of  the  coming  year;  the  father  I 
U  the  god  Wolan;  the  hunter  who  discovcii  the  fugitive  u  vdnicri  the  cut-oft  | 
hBDds  ore  the  fallinx  leaves :  etc..  etc,    'Hic  explanation  is  too  ctn,bontt«  li 
farther  delatted  here.    (See  his  treatment  of  Ibe  subject  of  "  La  Fanciulla  Ptne-  g 
gullala"  in  .Vmvlla  Mia  J'lglia  dit  lit  di  Daiii,  l*iKl.  iSM,  pp.  xnl  a 
U.  Kuhn,  A'rtA/A  Saf. .  489. ) 

■  See  Uiudici's  Sloria  dtl  Ttativ  in  Italia,  i,  311-356. 

>  Sc«  Liebrecht  on  ihs  subject  of  the  Figlia  dtl  rt  di  Datia  iii  Galling.  GefJir,  M 

A'i;  1BS7.  P-  5*5 

*  See  Wolf,  Wienrr  Jahrtkeitr,  ciix,  p.  fl^i ;  cxx.  p.  g4- 


PREf.VCE. 


Kiii 


fxtu.  Doeumentos  leteranos  en  antiqua  lingua  Catalans.  Siglo 
«iv  y  XV.  Barcelona,  1857,  pp.  53-79).  In  this  the  heroine, 
with  her  hands  cut  off,  lands  at  Marseilles.  The  Count  of 
I'rovcrice  marries  her  in  spite  of  his  mother.  Learning  his  wife's 
story,  the  count  visits  her  father,  the  King  of  Hungary,  who,  now 
repentant,  receives  his  son-in-law  warmly,  and  detains  him  so 
long  at  the  court  that  the  wicked  mother-in-law,  during  his 
absence,  has  time  to  carry  out  the  usual  plot  against  the  young 
wife.     The  countess  is  set  adrift  on  the  sea,  and  lands  near  to 

'  a  convent,  where  the  abbess  admits  her.  Five  years  aftcnvards, 
when  one  day  she  is  at  her  orisons,  she  sees  a  priest  who  is 

,   vranling  to  say  Mass,  but  has  no  one  to  serve  it.    She  is  filled 

I  with  desire  to  assist  him,  and  suddenly  perceives  two  beautiful 

I  hands,  which  unite  to  her  arms  as  she  stretches  them  forth. 
Meanwhile,  the  count  had  returned  to  Marseilles ;  but,  feeling 

I  angered  against  his  mother,  had  determined  to  quit  his  estates 
miy  to  return  when  he  had  found  his  wife.  After  thirteen  years' 
quest,  he  finds  her  at  the  convent,  and  takes  her  back  to 
Marseilles.     They  have  many  children.     One  of  their  daughters 

I  marries  a  king  of  France,  another  a  king  of  Castile,  and  a  third 
a  king  of  England. 

In  the  fifteenth  century,  Bartolomeo  Fazio  of  Spezia  wrote  a 
story  entitled  De  origine  htUi  inter  Gallos  el  Brilannes,  which  he 
acknowledged  to  be  based  upon  an  ancient  text  in  the  ver- 
nacular.'    This  professed  history  of  the  origin  of  the  war  between 

I  the  French  and  English  was  forthwith  related  in  Italian  by 
Jacopo  di  I'oggio  Bracciolini,^  in  a  story  which  was  published 
under  the  title  Storiit  dtlF  origine  delta  gtierrn  tra  i  Francesi  e  gli 
/«§/«(■  (Florence,  1542),  republished  as  Novetla  dt  imerto  autore 
(Florence,  1834),  and  as  Novella  delta  PuheUa  di  Francia  din'e 
si  raefonta  rorigine  delle  guerre  fra  i  Francesi  e gli  Inglesi  (Lucca, 
1850).*    Edward  (Adoardo),  King  of  England,  has  a  beautiful 

,   wife  and  daughter.     When  his  wife  dies,  she  makes  him  promise 

I  never  to  marry  another  unless  exactly  like  herself.     After  a  lime, 

'  Barthebimtui  Facii  ad  Caralum  Vrntimiliiiiii  vinM  i/itrisiiitam  de  arigine 
Iti  inUr  Gailm  el  BritaHKoi  Aii/aria. 
'  PoRgHi  ilied  In    1478- 
Kinbllng  this  dnughlcr 
I   irithoul  noulili^  ilifference. 
*  Va  pnnlculars  at  ttte 


Jn   TVuiroRc   we   naU   of    a   royal   tluughtt^   iMUt:li 
llie  King  of  Enginnd.     MoIm  tells  ibe  same  sioiy 

-ious  cdiilons,  sM  Wcuclofsky,  i^.  ti/..  cvi  tl  Mf. 


Ixiv 


the  barons  urge  the  king  to  maixj',  lo  secure  a  legttLii 
the  throne.     He  tells  them  of  his  promise,  and  ambassadors  are 
sent  in  search  of  a  fitting  bride  Into  every  province  of  Christen- 
dom— through  France,  Spain,  and  many  other  countries— but  all 
in  vain.     Then   he  is   possessed   with   desire   to   wed   his   own  | 
daughter.    She  is  alarmed  and  unhappy  at  the  proposal ;  but,  aa  ' 
her  father  persists,  she  urges  him  to  send  to  the  Pope,  whose 
consent  being  obtained,  she  will  object  no  further.     Ambassadors 
are  started,  and  in  the  meamime  the  daughter  communicates 
with  her  uncle,  the  Duke  of  Lancaster,  imploring  his  help.     He 
fetches  her  away,  and  keeps  her  in  hiding.    The  ambassadors 
return  without  the  Pope's  consent  to  the  union ;  but  the  king 
receives  the  bull  as  though  it  were  a  dispensation,  and  sends  for 
his  daughter,  who  is  not  to  be  found.     When  the  king  applies  for 
her  to  the  Duke  of  Lancaster,  she  begs  her  uncle  lo  find  her 
shelter  in  a  convent  at  Vienna.     Thither  he  sends  her  under  the 
charge  of  trusty  sen'ants.     It  is  the  custom  of  the  dauphin  of 
France  to  frequent  this  same  nunnery  in  the  company  of  a  young 
nobleman,  who   is   the  abbess's  brother.      One  day,  the  latter 
catches  sight  of  the  young  princess  through  a  grating,  and  every 
day,  under  pretence  of  praying,  he  comes  to  look  at  her.     He  | 
falls  ill,  and  confides  the  reason  to  the  dauphin,  who  at  length  | 
asks  the  abbess  to  interfere  in  her  brother's  behalf.     Seeing  him 
in   danger  of  death,  she   is  prevailed   upon :  she  talks  to  the  I 
princess,  pointing  out   the  difficulties  and  dangers  inseparable 
from  monastic  life,  and  persuades  her  that  marriage  v 
greater  peace  of  mind.      But  the  princess  cannot  consent  to 
break  her  vows.    Hearing  of  the  girl's  answer,  and  wishing  to  judge 
whether  she  who  had  caused  his  friend's  illness  merited  s 
love,  the  dauphin  determines  to  have  a  look  at  her.    Then  he  falls 
in  love  with  her  himself,  and  sends  proposals  of  marriage,  which 
she  at  first  rejects,  but  eventually  accepts.     The  dauphin's  mother 
tries  secretly  to  poison  his  bride,  with  the  aid  of  some  friends  in 
Vienna.     The  King  of  France  dies,  and  the  dauphin  must  go  to 
Paris  to  attend  his  funeral  and  be  made  king.     His  mother  wants  i 
him  to  abandon  his  wife,  who,  she  says,  is  some  unknown  ^ 
He  is  indignant  ai  the  request ;  and  his  mother,  hearing  from  I 
her  friends  in  Vienna  that  the  queen  Is  too  well  guarded  for  I 
them  to  |)oison  her,  bids  ihem  calumniate  her  to  her  husband. 


i 


PREFACE.  IxV 

The  young  queen  escapes  to  Rome  with  her  little  son  and  finds 
shelter.  The  Emperor  Henry  sees  her,  and  engages  her  as 
nurse  to  his  infant  Meanwhile,  the  dauphin,  now  king,  having 
heard  the  false  news  of  his  wife's  death,  and  of  all  his  mother's 
infamous  schemes,  declares  war  against  her.  After  three  years 
he  defeats  her  and  slays  her.  Full  of  remorse,  he  journeys  to 
Rome  to  seek  absolution  from  the  Pope.  Dining  one  day  with 
the  Roman  emperor,  he  is  charmed  with  the  graceful  bearing  of 
a  young  boy,  and  wants  to  take  him  away  with  him.  It  is  the 
son  of  the  nurse,  in  whom  he  recognises  his  wife.  They  return 
in  triumph  to  his  kingdom.  When  another  son  is  bom  to  him, 
he  decides  that  the  elder  shall  reign  in  France,  and  the  younger 
shall  succeed  to  the  English  throne,  which  his  wife  has  inherited 
on  the  death  of  Edward.  Furthermore,  the  king  enacts  in  his 
will  that  every  year,  at  Easter  and  at  Christmas  time,  the  King 
of  England  shall  come  to  Paris  and  serve  at  the  table  of  the 
King  of  France.  This  arrangement  is  observed  for  a  number  of 
years ;  but  one  day  the  King  of  Great  Britain,  ill-advised  by  his 
ministers,  refuses  to  submit  to  the  performance  of  such  an  act  of 
homage ;  and  this  was  the  cause  of  the  great  wars,  and  of  the 
animosity  between  the  two  kingdoms,  which  lasted  up  to  the 
times  of  the  author  of  this  story. 

There  remains  for  comparison  the  legendary  history  of  St. 
Dipne  in  the  Flos  Sanctorum}  Mons.  J.  A.  S.  Collin  de  Plancy 
considers  the  story  of  Peau  d'Ane  to  be  entirely  founded  on  the 
history  of  St.  Dipne,^  of  which  he  gives  z,  precis  in  his  Anecdotes 
du  Dix-Neuvihne  Sihle  (Paris,  182 1,  vol.  ii,  pp.  219-23).  It  is, 
briefly,  as  follows : 

A  pagan  king  of  Ireland  has  a  lovely  daughter  named  Dipne, 
who  becomes  a  Christian,  and  resolves  to  live  unwed.  When 
the  lovely  queen,  her  mother,  dies,  the  king  can  find  none  to 

*  See  also  Razzi.  ViU  di  illustri  Donne,  iii,  43. 

'  The  legend  of  St.  Dipne  is  not  included  in  the  earliest  editions  of  Ribadeneira's 
Flos  Sanctorum  o  libra  tU  las  vidas  dt  los  Santos.  Neither  is  it  in  the  folio  edition 
published  at  Barcelona  in  1643,  "c»r  i"  ^^^  Italian  quarto  published  at  Vcnetia, 
x68o.  I  can  only  find  the  legend,  as  given  above,  in  a  French  edition  by  Ren6 
Gautier  of  Ribadeneira's  "  Les  Fleurs  des  Vies  des  Saints",  to  which  are  added 
some  lives  of  other  Saints  by  Andr6  du  Val ;  Paris,  1686.  It  is  probably  super- 
fluous to  point  out  that  there  exist  literary  versions  of  the  story  of  "  Peau  d'Anc" 
at  least  earlier  than  the  record  of  this  legend.  Straparola  had  used  the  "un- 
natural father"  motif  more  than  a  century  Ijcfore. 


Ixvi  f'REVACE. 

equal  her  in  beauty,  and  tries  to  induce  his  daughter  to  many 
him.  She  becomes  terrified,  begs  for  forty  days'  grace,  and  com- 
mends herself  to  the  Saviour.  Her  father  gives  her  jewels  and 
costly  garments,  Towards  the  end  of  the  forty  days  Dipne  con- 
sults an  Irish  priest  named  (ierebert,  who  had  been  her  mother's 
confessor.  He  advises  her  to  endeavour  to  gain  time  in  order  to 
devise  some  means  of  flight ;  and  he  oiTers  to  accompany  her,  . 
She  therefore  tells  her  father  that  she  must  have  various  precious  | 
stones  to  wear  on  the  wedding-day.  Her  father  expends  large 
sums  to  procure  what  she  exacts.  Meanwhile,  she  embarks 
secretly  with  the  priest,  and  they  travel  to  Antwerp.  They  visit  > 
only  out-of-the-way  places,  and  presently  build  themselves  a  hut 
in  a  wood,  where  they  live  alone  and  unknown.  The  king 
learns  of  her  escape  the  day  after,  is  furious,  and  takes  ship 
after  her.  After  a  long  search  he  reaches  Antwerp,  where  he 
stays  whilst  his  jKopie  scour  the  neighbourhood.  Some  of  his 
servants  pay  the  innkeeper  in  a  certain  village  in  coin  of  their 
own  countrj".  The  innkeeper  says  he  has  already  taken  some 
of  the  same  money  from  a  lovely  Irish  girl,  who  lives  with  a 
priest  hard  by.  The  servants  report  to  the  king,  who  finds  his 
daughter,  and,  forgetting  his  anger  at  the  sight  of  her,  begs  her 
to  keep  her  promise  at  last,  Gerebert  attempts  to  inten-ene, 
and  is  taken  without  and  killed  by  the  king's  followers,  Dipne 
will  yield  neither  to  menace  nor  entreaty,  and  in  his  fury  the 
king  cuts  off  her  head, 

(St,  Uipne  is  feted  on  the  ijth  May.     Her  martyrdom  look 
place  on  the  30th  of  that  month,  in  the  year  600.     Her  relics  are   | 
in  the  diocese  of  Cambray.) 

The  collation  of  similar  legends  and  romances  might  doubt-  ' 
less  be  still  extended.'  It  seems,  however,  unnecessary  to  devote  I 
further  space  to  the  examination  of  this  class  of  literature,  more 
especially  as  the  various  motifs  which  It  shares  in  common 
with  the  folk-tale  are  of  such  a  nature  as  to  need,  unhappily, 
neither  myth  nor  fiction  to  account  for  their  origin,  or  to  explain 
their  application  in  any  particular  connection. 

"  Non  ragionam  di  lor,  ma  guarda  e  passa." 


•  The  foUowlngrefcrenccsniity  lie  otsc 


— Dunlop-tJchrecht,    I 


/^nvfw  motfrrv  (1B66I.  pi>.  iB9-3at.    I'nul  Mryer.  In  Jfn'itf£WMf«r  (l866),ii.  3^  J 
Bordlcr,  PMiUfft  d<  Xtmt  tirv  de  Uiaumaneii-  (1873),  a:  163-73. 


PREFACE.  Ixvii 

The  third,  or  "  King  Lear",  branch  of  the  Cinderella  story  has 
been  exhaustively  dealt  with  by  Mr.  Sidney  Hartland  in  his  study 
of  "The  Outcast  Child"  {Folk-lore  Journal,  iv,  pp.  308-349),  from 
which  I  quote  the  following  particulars  : — "  We  owe  the  story  of 
King  Lear  to  Geoffrey  of  Monmouth,  whose  narrative  has  been 

closely  followed  by  Shakespeare It  was  written  down  in 

the  middle  of  the  twelfth  century The  originals  which 

(Geoffrey  professes  to  have  had  before  him  in  writing  his  Romances 
are  no  longer  extant.  It  seems  likely  he  really  had  a  collection 
of  folk-tales,  either  Welsh  or  Armorican,  made,  either  by  himself, 
or  (as  he  asserts)  by  another  person,  and  brought  to  him  by  the 
Archdeacon  Walter;  but,  if  so,  such  collection  has  utterly  dis- 
appeared ....  The  Gesta  Romanorutn  was  probably  compiled 
originally  in  England  at  the  end  of  the  thirteenth  centur)',  or  about 
one  hundred  and  thirty  to  one  hundred  and  fifty  years  after 
Geoffrey  of  Monmouth's  Romances.  This  work  was  composed 
of  tales  having  a  more  or  less  remotely  popular  origin,  fitted  with 
applications  which  treated  them  as  parables  suitable  to  be  intro- 
duced into  the  discourses  of  mediaeval  preachers.  One  of  these 
tales,  which  is  only  found  in  the  English  manuscripts  of  the 
Gestay  is  practically  identical  with  that  of  King  Lear  and  his 
three  daughters."^  It  is  told  of  Theodosius,  Emperor  of  Rome. 
Mr.  Hartland  thinks  it  is  difficult  to  avoid  the  conclusion  that  the 
f^st  owes  its  existence  to  Geoffrey's  account  of  King  Lear.  **But, 
if  so,  it  seems  likely  that  the  parentage  is  not  immediate,  but  that 
the  story  was  verbally  transmitted  for  some  time  before  it  was 
again  put  into  writing." 

The  selection  of  the  Hero-tales^  constituting  group  E.  has  been 
made  with  the  view  of  embracing  as  many  as  possible  of  the 
separate  incidents  which  are  met  with  in  stories  of  the  "  Cinder- 
ella" type.  These  examples  are  given  merely  for  purposes  of 
comparison,  as  it  seemed  inadvisable  to  pass  them  over  entirely. 
A  comprehensive  collection  of  the  hero-tales  of  this  class  would, 
however,  fill  another  volume.  I  have  included  abstracts  of  all  the 
stories  kindly  selected  for  me  by  Dr.  Karlowicz  of  Warsaw,  who 
rendered  them  into  French  from  originals  not  accessible  to  the 
general  reader.     These  stories  appear  in  a  more  abridged  form 

^  Gesta  Romanorutn,  London,  Geo.  Bell  and  Sons,  1877,  p.  xxxix. 
*  Sec  note  on  p.  xxv,  ante. 


Ixviit  PRErACE. 

than  the  rest,  because,  as  they  were  not  received   ' 

the    volume  was    in   type.    I   was   unable   to   avail   myself  of 

Dr.  Karlowicz's  generous  offer  to  furnisli  mc  with  more  detailed 

versions. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  Norwegian  stories,  Nos.  319,  320,  are 
extremely  close  parallels  lo  the  typical  Cinderella  storj-.  We  have 
the  ili-treaced  child ;  the  helpful  ox ;  the  ear  cornucopia ;  the  spy 
who  is  first  sent  to  sleep,  but  afterw'ards  discovers  the  magic 
source  of  food  ;  the  proposed  slaying  of  the  helpful  animal ;  the 
flight  through  the  copper,  silver,  and  gold  forests;  and  finally 
just  such  alteration  in  the  diHouemenl  as  is  the  necessary  conse- 
quence of  assiiming  lo  a  hero  the  r6le  usually  filled  by  a  heroine. 
No.  336  is  similar.  In  a  Russian  tale  (No.  322)  and  in  a  German 
tale  (No.  324)  we  have  the  despised  youngest  child  with  his  hearth 
abode  and  significant  nickname.  In  the  same  German  story  the 
goose-herd  goes  thrice  in  magic  attire  to  the  hall,  and  dances  with 
the  enamoured  rose-girl,  who,  on  the  third  night,  puts  pitch  in 
his  hair,  so  as  lo  find  him  again.  In  the  Polish  story  (No.  328), 
in  the  story  from  Little  Jerut  (No.  340),  and  in  the  South-German 
tale  (No.  341),  the  ill-treated  youngest  child  receives  help  from  his 
dead  father  at  the  grave,  just  as  Cinderella  is  helijed  by  her  dead 
mother.  In  the  Roumanian  slory  (No,  335)  the  cow-herd  plants 
the  laurel  branches  given  him  by  the  fairy,  digs  round  ihcm  with 
a  golden  spade,  waters  ihcm  from  the  golden  pot,  and  wipes  them 
with  the  silken  kerchief,  just  as  Cinderella  docs  ;  and,  moreover, 
he  in  like  manner  reminds  the  magic-tree  of  these  attentions  when 
he  wants  his  wishes  fulfilled.  And  just  as  the  disagreeable  sisters 
pull  down  the  garden-wall,  peat-heap,  and  bakehouse  in  the  story 
from  Jutland  (No.  41),  the  barn  and  the  church-wall  in  the  sloty 
from  Zealand  (No,  46),  the  pear-tree  and  wicket  in  the  Basque 
version  (No.  125),  whilst  they  remove  the  ladder,  stick  nails  in 
the  hoarding,  and  cut  down  the  mulberry^trec  in  the  Magyar  tale 
(No.  144),  because  these  several  points  of  vantage  arc  believed 
to  have  afforded  an  outlook  for  Cinderella  ;  so  in  the  Hungarian 
tale  (No,  338),  the  fence,  stable,  and  roof  are  demolished  because 
Aschenbrodel  told  his  brothers  that  by  surmounting  these  he  was 
enabled  to  see  the  stranger  knighL  In  a  Polish  story  (No,  330) 
the  hero  is  sentenced  to  death,  but  spared  by  the  servant,  who 
kills  a  dog  instead.     And,  for  a  last  comparison,  as  the  heroine 


^^^^^Ifl^M 


PREFACE.  Ixix 

must  hide  her  youth  and  beauty  under  an  ugly  skin  or  cloak,  so 
in  the  Russian  story  (No.  321)  we  have  the  pigskin  di^uise  of 
the  hero,  who  becomes  scullion  at  the  palace :  and  in  the  modem 
Arabian  story  (No.  337)  the  rags  which  he  buys  from  a  beggar 
before  hiring  himself  to  drive  the  ox  which  turns  the  water-wheel 
in  the  king's  garden. 

Any  further  comment  upon  the  stories  is  superfluous  in  a  work 
which  is  enriched  by  an  Introduction  from  the  pen  of  Mr.  Andrew 
Lang,  the  late  President  of  the  Folk-lore  Societ)'.  I  am  happy 
in  having  "  so  strong  a  prop  to  support  so  weak  a  burden" ;  for, 
whatever  regret  the  necessary  incompleteness  of  the  collection 
may  occasion,  one  will  never  "  be  sorry"  that  Cinderella  has 
had  "so  noble  a  godfather I  leave  it  to  [his]  honour- 
able survey." 

In  conclusion,  I  have  gratefully  to  acknowledge  the  important 
and  invaluable  assistance  which  I  have  received  from  many 
quarters. 

The  Hon.  John  Abercromby  has  translated  and  tabulated  the 
Finnish  variants,  Nos.  95,  96,  97,  besides  examining  other  Fin- 
nish stories  on  my  behalf. 

Mr.  J.  B.  Andrews  allowed  me  to  use  his  MSS.  prior  to  the 
publication  of  his  interesting  collection  of  Conies  Ligures, 

Signor  Eugenio  Casanova  (sotto-archivista  di  Stato,  Firenze) 
rendered  into  Italian  and  wrote  out  in  full  the  variants  printed 
in  dialect  in  the  collections  of  Coronedi-Berti,  Gradi,  and  De 
Nino,  copies  of  which  books  I  had  been  unable  to  obtain.  For 
this  assistance  I  am  indebted  to  the  kind  mediation  of  Signora 
Santarelli. 

M.  Chabaud,  of  Montpellier,  furnished  me  with  a  French 
translation  of  a  variant  published  in  an  old  number,  no  longer 
procurable,  of  his  Revue  des  Langues  Romanes, 

Mr.  J.  W.  Crombie  has  taken  many  pains  to  procure  me 
Spanish  versions,  of  which  he  has  also  furnished  translations. 

The  Rev.  H.  F.  Feilberg  (of  Askov,  Vejen  St.,  Denmark),  who 
volunteered  to  select  and  translate  all  Danish  variants,  has  sent 
me  in  all  over  seventy  different  versions,  including  a  number 
of  Norse,  Swedish,  and  other  stories.  He  also  gained  access  on 
my  behalf  to  the  valuable  MS.  collections  of  Dr.  Kristensen  and 
of  Prof   Moe  (to  whose  courtesy  in  this  regard  I  am  much 


beholden),  and  the  sympathetic  interest  that  he  has  from  ihe 
first  taken  in  my  enterprise  has  served  as  valuable  stimulus.  It 
is  Mr.  Feilberg  also  who  put  me  into  communication  wilh  other 
learned  folk-Iorists  abroad,  whose  contributions  have  been  of  so 
mtich  value. 

Mr.  E.  Sidney  Hartland  gave  me  ai  the  outset  much  invaluable 
advice,  and  every  passible  encouragement.  To  ask  of  him  is  to 
obtain,  and  he  has  given  his  time  most  generously  to  translating 
Spanish,  Portuguese,  and  baffling  dialect  versions,  besides  help- 
ing in  other  ways  too  numerous  to  state. 

Dr.  R.  F,  Kaindl  (of  Czemowitz,  Buckowina)  has  communi- 
cated wilh  me  respecting  the  Slavonic  variants,  but  could  add 
none  to  those  which  I  had  already  obtained.' 

Ur.  Karlowicz  of  \Varsaw,  to  whose  contributions  I  have  already 
had  occasion  to  refer,  complied,  with  considerate  promptness, 
with  my  request  for  information  respecting  Polish  versions,  and 
has  made  abstracts  for  me  of  no  less  than  thirty-one  stories, 
besides  adding  some  interesting  comments  of  his  own  (see 
note  71). 

Dr.  Krauss  of  Vienna  kindly  consented  to  publish  in  his 
periodical  Am  Ur-^ucll,-  for  my  immediate  benefit,  a  story  which 
he  entitles  "Aschenbrodel  in  Bosnien",  Dr.  Krauss's  introduc- 
tions to  other  distinguished  folk-Iorists  have  been  of  much  service 
to  me. 

Dr.  Kaarle  Krohn  of  Helsingfors  has  selected  fi^een  Finnish 

1  Dr.  KniniU  pointed  out  10  me  certain  iBBniblniiccs  in  Ihc  stories  ■' Gul  ond 
Itos*  and  ■'  Die  TcufclimUWc".  in  Dit Kutnfti  i«  Jtr  BuJuiiiiHa.  von  Kninai  und 
Mnnastynki.  n  copy  ot  whifb  lie  lundly  seni  me.  Thrse  stories,  hoM-ei'er.  c.innol 
Iw  considered  Cinderella  vuianis,  In  his  teller  (o  me.  Dr.  Kaindl  npily  recalls 
the  following  senleDce  (mm  VVianA't  Stkrifim  tur  <!tKhiekU  drr  Difhtvng  tiii4 
Sag!  (vol  viii,  p.  610) :  "  W«rura  soil  nicht  tlbcr  AschenbrMel  in  dner  Vorlcsung 
gesprochen  werdca?  H>  wurde  dartiber  gcprediBl.gepr«digt  von  der  kunitrncben 
Knniel  des  SinissburEcr  MUnsttrs." 

3  .-Im  t/r.(^r//,  nnnd  iii.  Heft  iv,  s.  129-135.  "Aschenbrodel  in  Bosnien."  Ihave 
nai  included  (hit  among  Che  varituls.  as  il  is  Knrcely  a  typoA  (JindocUit  iinry. 
BhI  Dr.  Knuu's  opinioii  is  of  intcresl ;  I  therefore  iransUle  the  following  renwrki 
from  his  letter:  "The  story  of  Cindcrelln  in  its  wanderings  10  Bosnia  must  of 
nMCsaity  have  lost  the  incident  of  the  lillle  ^oe;  in  the  Hrsl  pUice.  becatuc 
Rcuniuis  weair  no  shoes  at  all,  Only  n^ilttn.  a  kind  of  sandnl ;  secandly.  becnuse 
in  the  eyet  of  the  Bosninns  a  large  foot  is  an  ndvatvtAge  mlher  than  an  objection— 
cvrtflinly  no  deirimenr  to  lieauiy:  thirdly,  becaiae  the  mnnnrr  of  wooing,  as  re- 
lated in  German  mAnktn.  is  quite  unlike  any  Bosnian  cuuoni." 


PREFACE.  Ixxi 

Stories  from  the  wonderful  MS.  collections,  and  has  himself  done 
many  of  them  into  German  for  my  service.  Of  the  remainder, 
Dr.  Krohn  has  procured  me  trustworthy  French  translations.  He 
has  also  been  kind  enough  to  supply  some  important  particulars 
anenc  the  Finnish  name  for  the  heroine,  which  the  translator  had 
omitted  to  give.  These  will  be  found  in  a  special  note  at  the  end 
of  the  volume. 

Mr.  Naak^'s  always  ready  help  has  been  of  a  special  and 
indispensable  nature.  He  has  read  me  many  Russian  and  Polish 
stories,  and  has  allowed  me  to  consult  him  in  every  difficulty  over 
the  transliteration  of  Russian  and  Slavonic  names  and  titles. 

Mr.  Nutt,  at  whose  suggestion  I  have  presented  the  mediaeval 
legends  in  some  detail,  has  assisted  me  with  references  to  works 
on  mediaeval  literature,  and  has  allowed  me  to  use  books  and 
notes  which  have  been  of  much  service.  An  interesting  Gaelic 
story  which  Mr.  Nutt  has  contributed  is  given  on  p.  534,  with 
some  other  variants,  which  were  received  too  late  to  be  included 
in  the  text. 

Dr.  Pitr^  of  Palermo  favoured  me  with  a  long  list  of  references, 
and  very  kindly  rendered  into  Italian  some  of  the  dialect  stories. 

Dr.  Sommer  translated  a  Carinthian  tale  into  literary  German. 

Sig.  Vid  Vuletic-Vukasovic  has  contributed  an  important  un- 
published variant,  besides  others.  His  interesting  "Observa- 
tions" on  the  story  of  Cinderella  I  give  in  full  in  note  66. 

For  the  purposes  of  research  in  connection  with  the  present 
study,  I  have  been  served  with  over  two  hundred  and  fifty  works 
in  the  Library  of  the  British  Museum.  It  may  not  be  out  of  place 
gratefully  to  acknowledge  the  invariable  courtesy  and  readiness 
with  which  these  services  have  been  tendered. 

I^ast,  and  not  least,  I  must  thank  all  those  members  of  the 
Council  of  the  Folk-lore  Society  who  have  afforded  help  of  what- 
soever kind. 

The  willing  co-operation  of  so  many  folk-lorists,  both  at  home 
and  abroad,  is  gratifying  evidence  of  the  interest  which  the 
object  of  the  present  collection  of  variants  has  aroused.  If  the 
labour  of  which  this  volume  is  the  outcome  shall  in  any  degree 
contribute  to  the  settlement  of  the  several  interesting  questions 
which  gather  round  folk-tales,  especially  the  question  of  the 
origin,  independent  or  otherwise,  of  stories  similar  in  their  inci- 


Ixxii  PREFACE. 

dent  and  widespread  in  their  distribution,  I  shall  in   no  wise 
begrudge  the  time  which  that  labour  has  absorbed. 

There  will  remain  the  regret  which  invariably  accompanies 
work  of  this  kind — the  non-attainment  of  finality  where  materials 
are  ever  pouring  in ;  and  experience  of  this  has  reconciled  me  to 
aim  at  only  approximate  completeness. 


Marian  Roalfe  Cox. 


Claverton^  Streatham  Hilly  London^ 
December  1892. 


BIBLIOGRAPHICAL    INDEX. 


.?berg,  G.  A.,  Nylandska  Folksagor,     Helsingfors,   1887.     Abstracts,  pp.    1-2; 

Tabulations,  pp.  123,  124 ;  and  see  p.  533. 
Andrews,  J.  B.,  Contes  Ugures.     Paris,  1892.     Abs.  pp.  2,  105;  Tab.  pp.  124-127. 
Archaological  Review,  vol.  iii,  1889.     Abs.  p.  2 ;  Tab.  p.  127. 
ArckivfUr  Slavische  Philologie,     Berlin,  1877.    Abs,  p.  53  ;  Tab.  pp.  X29-X3a 
Archivio  per  lo  Studio  delU  Tradizioni  pqpolari,      Palermo,  1882,  etc.    Abs. 

PP-  3-4.  54-56,  80 ;  Tab.  pp.  130-141. 

Armeniscke  Bibliothek.     I^ipzig,  1887.     Abs.  p.  4  ;  Tab.  p.  141. 

Amason,  Jon,  Folk-Talts  of  Iceland.     Leipzig,  1862-64.    Abs.  p.  5  ;  Tab.  p.  143. 

— —  Icelandic  legends.     Translated  by  Powell  and  Magndsson  (2nd  series). 
London,  1866.     Abs.  pp.  5-6,  105;  Tab.  pp.  144-46. 

Asbjomsen,  P.  Chr.,  Nor,  Billedbogfor  den  Norske  Ungdom.    Christiania,  1837. 
Abs.  pp.  6-7  ;  Tab.  p.  146. 

Asbjdmsen  og  Moe,  Xorske  Folke-eventyr.     2nd  ed.    Christiania,  1852.     Abs.  pp. 

7-8,  437 ;  Tab.  pp.  147-49.  447-48. 
.Athanas'ev,  Russian  Folk-Talcs.    Moscow,  1861.     Abs.  pp.  8,  57,  87,  438;  Tab, 

pp.  149-53,  448  ;  and  see  p.  523. 
D'Aulnoy,  Madame,  Contes  des  Fies.    1698.     See  Kletke. 
Ausland,  Das,  1832.     Abs.  p.  8-9 ;  Tab.  p.  153. 

Balssac,  C,  I^  Folklore  de  file- Maurice.    Paris,  1888.     Abs.  p.  57;  Tab.  p.  154. 

Balfour,  Mrs.,  Unpublished  Story  from  Lincolnshire.     Abs.  p.  106;  Tab.  p.  155, 

Balinski,  Ch.,  Pawiesci  ludu,    Warsaw,  1842.    Seep.  519. 

Baracz,  Ks.  Sadok,  Bajki,  fraszki,  podania,  etc.    Tamopol,  1866.    Abs.  p.  loi ; 
Tab.  p.  156  ;  and  see  p.  520. 

Bartsch,  Karl,  Sa^en,  Afdrchen  und  Gebrauche  aus  Mecklenburg,    Wien,  1879, 
Abs.  p.  57 ;  Tab.  p.  i56, 

Basile,  Giambattista.  Archivio  di  Litteratura  fopolare,    Napoli,  1883,  1884.    Abs. 
p.  58  ;  Tab.  pp.  157.  158. 

Basile,  Pentamerone,  Aus  dem  Neapolitanischen  iibertragen  von  Felix  Liebrecht 
Breslau,  1846.     Abs.  pp.  9,  58,  88 ;  Tab.  pp.  159-64. 

Beauvois,  E. ,  Contes  populaires  de  la  Norv/ge,  de  la  Finlande  et  de  la  Bourgogne. 
Paris,  1862.    Abs.  p.  88 ;  Tab.  p.  164. 

Bechstein,  Ludwig,  Deutsches  Mdrchenbuch,     Leipzig,  1846.    Abs.  p.  9 ;  Tab. 
p.  165  ;  and  see  p.  502. 

/ 


Ixxiv  BIBLIOGRAPHICAL  INDEX. 

Qernoni,  Dom.  Giuseppe,  Fiabe  popolaH  Venetiane.    Venezia,  1873.    ^^*  PP* 
9-xo,  80 ;  Tab.  pp.  166-68. 

Bibliotica  de  las  tradiciones  populates  Espailolas.    Abs.  pp.  10,  81 ;  Tab.  168-70. 

Blad^,  Jean-Francois,  Contes  populaires  recueillis  en  Agenais,    Paris,  1874.     ^^ 
pp.  81,  106 ;  Tab.  pp.  170-73. 

I  Conies  populaires  de  la  Gascogne,     Paris,  1886.     See  pp.  81,  107,  173. 

Bondeson,  August,  Historiegubbar  pa  Dal,    Stockholm,  1886.    Abs.  p.  107  ;  Tab. 

p.  173- 
— —  Svenska  Folk'Sagor,    Stockholm,  1882.    Abs.  pp.  10,  82  ;  Tab.  pp.  175-6. 

Braga,  Theophilo,  Contos  tradicionaes  do  Povo  Poriuguez.    [Oporto:    no  date.] 
Abs.  p.  8a ;  Tab.  p.  176. 

Brauns,  David,  Japanischc  Miirchcn  und  Sagen.     Leipzig,  1885.     Abs.  p.  107 ; 

Tab.  p.  177. 
Busk,  R.  H.,  Folk-lore  tf  Rome,    London,  1874.    Abs.  pp.  11,  59,  82,  loi,  102  ; 

Tab.  pp.  178-83. 


Calcutta  Review,  1870  (reprint  from  Bombay  Gautte,  1864).    Abs.  p.   11 ;  Tab. 
p.  183. 

Campbell,  J.  F.,  Popular  Tales  of  the   West  Highlands,     Edinburgh,  1860-62. 
Abs.  pp.  12,  59;  Tab.  pp.  184-85. 

Carnoy,  E.  Henry,  and  Nicolaides,  Jean,  Traditions  populaires  de  VAsieMineure, 
Paris.  1889.    Abs.  p.  89 ;  Tab.  p.  186. 

Cavallius,  Hylten-,  Svenska  Folksagor,    See  Thorpe. 

Celtic  Magazine,  vol.  xiii.     Abs.  p.  12;  Tab.  p.  188. 

Chambers,  R.,  Popular  Rhymes  of  Scotland.     1870.    Abs.  p.  102  ;  Tab.  p.  189 ; 

and  see  pp.  481-2. 
Chelchowski,  Powie'sci  i  opowiadania  ludawe  %  okolic  Prxasnysta,    Warsaw,  1889. 

See  pp.  482-3. 

Chubinsky,  Malorusskiya  Skaxki.     Petersburg,  1878.    Abs.  p.  60  ;  Tab.  p.  190. 

Coelho,  F.  Adolpho,  Contos  populares  Portuguetes.     Lisbon,  1879.    Abs.  p.  108  ; 
Tab.  p.  19a 

Colshorn,  Carl  und  Theodor,  Afdrchen  und  Sagen,    Hanover,  1854.    Abs.  p.  108  ; 
Tab.  p.  191. 

Comparetti,   Domenico,   Nowlline  popolari  Italiane.     Roma,  Torino,  Firenze, 
1875.     Abs.  pp.  13,  60,  82 ;  Tab.  pp.  192-97. 

Corazzini,  Francesco,  /  Componimenti  minore  delta  litteratura  pcpolare  neiprin- 
cipali  dialetti.     Benevento,  1877.    Abs.  p.  60 ;  Tab.  p.  197. 

Coroncdi-Berti,   Carolina,   NovelU  popolari  Bolognesi,      Bologna,   1874.      Abs. 
p.  83 ;  Tab.  p.  198. 

Cosquin,  K,  Contes  populaires  de  Lorraine.     1886.    Abs.  pp.  61,  89,  90;  Tab. 
pp.  199-201 ;  and  see  p.  523. 

Crane,  Italian  Popular  Tales,     London,  1885.    Abs.  p.  61 ;  Tab.  pp.  302-3. 

Curtin,  J.,  Afyths  and  Folk-lore  <f  Ireland,     London,  1890.    Abs.  p.  23;  Tab. 
p.  203. 


BIBLIOGRAPHICAL  INDEX.  IxXV 

Danske  Folkeaventyr,  No.  xxxvii.    See  pp.  io8,  204. 

Dasent,  Popular  Tales  from  the  Norse  (3rd  ed.).     Edinburgh,  1888.    Abs.  p.  14 ; 
Tab.  p.  204. 

Denton,  Serbian  Folk-lore.     London,  1874.     Abs.  p.  14 ;  Tab.  p.  206. 

Des  Periers,  Jean  Bona  venture,  Nouvelles  Ricriations  et  Joyeux  devis.     Lyon, 
1558.     Abs.  p.  90 ;  Tab.  p.  206. 

Dixon,  James,  Ancient  Poems^  Ballads^  and  Songs  of  the  Peasantry  of  England, 
London,  1857.     Abs.  p.  102  ;  Tab.  p.  207. 

'Do\^\ns\iy,  Prostondrodnie  Slovenski  povisti,    Szent  Marton,  i88a    Abs.  p.  15; 

Tab.  p.  208. 

Dolen,  Bit  Vikublad.     1870.     Abs.  p.  15;  Tab.  p.  209. 

Dozon,  Auguste,  Contes  Albanais,     Paris,  1881.     Abs.  p.  62;  Tab.  p.  209. 

Dragomanov,  M. ,  Malorusskiya  Narodnuiya  predaniya  i  razskasy.     Kiev,  1876. 
Abs.  p.  438 ;  Tab.  p.  449. 

Finamore,   Gennaro,    Traditioni  popolari  Abbruttesi.     Lanciano,   1882.    Abs 
pp.  15,  62,  83.  469  ;  Tab.  pp.  210-14. 

Fleury,  Littirature  orale  de  la  Basse-Normandie.     Paris,  1883.     See  p.  482. 

Folk-lore  Journal,  ii.     Abs.  p.  16 ;  Tab.  p.  215. 

Frere,  M.,  Old  Deccan  Days  (2nd  cd.).    London,  187a    Abs.  p.  91 ;  Tab.  p.  216. 


Qeldart,  E.  M.,  Folk-lore  of  Modem  Greece,     1884.    See  Von  Haln. 

Oerle,  Volksmarchen  der  Bohmen.    See  p.  509. 

Olinski,  A.  J.,  Bajarz  Polski  (2nd  ed,).     Wilna,  1862.    Abs.  p.  16  ;  Tab.  p.  217  ; 
and  see  p.  520. 

Oonzenbach,  Sicilianische  Mdrchen.     I^ipzig,  1870.    Abs.  p.  62  ;  Tab.  p.  2x7. 

Gradi,  Temistocle,  Saggio  di  letture  varie  per  %  Giovani,    Torino,  1865.     Abs. 
p.  109 ;  Tab.  p.  219. 

Grimm,  Household  Tales.    Translated  by  Margaret  Himt.     London,  1884.    Abs. 
pp.  17,  63,  83,  91  ;  Tab.  pp.  221-27  ;  and  see  pp.  492,  494. 

Gronborg,  O.  L. ,  Optegnelser  pa   Vendelbomal,     KobenhaMi,  1884.     Abs.  p.  17 ; 
Tab.  p.  227. 

Onindtvig,  S.,  GatnU  danske  Minder  i  Folkemunde.     Copenhagen,  1857.     Abs. 
pp.  63,  no  ;  Tab.  pp.  228-31. 

■  Unpublished  Collection.   Abs,  pp.  17-20, 63, 64, 103,  110 ;  Tab.  pp.  232-40 ; 

and  see  p.  495. 

Qubematis,  Angelo  de,  Le  Novelline  di  Santo  Stefano.     Torino,   1869.     Abs, 
pp.  64,  92,  III ;  Tab,  pp.  240-43. 

Gypsy*lore  Society ^  Journal  of  the^  vol.  iii.    Abs.  p.  439  ;  Tab,  p.  450 ;  and  sec 
p.  507* 

Von  der  Hagen,  Friedrich  Heinrich,  Rrtdhlungen  und  Mdrchen,    Prenzlau,  1825. 
Abs.  p.  21  i  Tab.  p.  243. 


Ixxvi  BIBLIOGRAPHICAL  INDEX. 

Von  Hahn,  Griechische  und  Albanesiscfu  Mdrchen.    Leipzig,  1864.    Abs.  pp.  31, 
64,  65 ;  Tab.  pp.  244-48. 

Halliwell,  James  Orchard,  Sursery  Rhymes  and  Nursery  Tales  of  England.    Abs. 
p.  103  ;  Tab.  p.  248. 

Haltrich,    Josef,  Deutsche   Volksmdrchen,      Wien,   1882.      Abs.  p.   439;    Tab. 

p.  451. 
Haukeniis,  Th.  S.,  Hardanger,  Naiur^  Folheliv^  Folkeiro,     1891.    Abs.  p.  112; 
Tab.  p.  248. 

Household  Stories  from  the  Land  cf  Hofer ;  or.  Popular  Myths  of  Tirol,     London, 
1871.    Abs.  p.  1X2  ;  Tab.  p.  250. 


Imbriani,  XII  Conti  Pomiglianesi.     Napoli,  1877.     Abs.  p.  469  ;  Tab.  p.  251. 

■  La  Novellaja  Fiorentina,  etc,     Livomo,  1877.     Abs,  pp.  21,  65,  92-94  ; 
Tab.  pp.  252-60. 

Indian  Antiquary.     Bombay,  1891.     Abs.  p.  465 ;  Tab.  p.  260. 

Ipswich  Journal.     Abs.  p.  84  ;  Tab.  p.  264. 

Ive,  Dr.  Antonio,  Saggi  di  Dialetto  Rovignesi,    Trieste,  1888.    Abs.  p.  22  ;  Tab. 
p.  265. 

Jahn,  U.,  Volhssagen  aus  Pommem  und  Riigen.    Stettin,  1886.    See  p.  479. 

Jahrbuch  fUr  romanische  und englishe  Literatur.    Leipzig,  1870.    Abs.  p.  22;  Tab. 
p.  266  ;  and  see  pp.  486-7. 

Janson,  Kristofer,  Folke-Evcntyr.     Kristiania,  1878.    Ats.  p.  113  ;  Tab.  p.  267. 

Kamp,  J.,  Danske  Folkearventyr,  1879.    Abs.  p.  113  ;  Tab.  p.  a68. 

Karajich,  Vuk,  Serbian  Folk-Tales  (translated  into  German  by  Wilhelmine  Kaja- 
jich).     Berlin,  1854.     Abs.  pp.  22,  65;  Tab.  pp.  870-71. 

Kennedy,  Patrick,  Fireside  Stories  of  Ireland.     1875.    Abs.  p.  66  ;  Tab.  p.  272. 

Khudyakov,    Velikorusskiya  Skazki.     Moscow,    i860.    Abs,  pp.  23,   66;  Tab. 

pp.  273-75- 
Kletke,    H.,  Mdrchensaal.    Berlin,  1845.    Abs.  p.   23;    and  see  p.   84 ;    Tab. 

p.  275- 
Knoop,  Otto,  Volhssagen,  Erzdhlungen  und  Mdrchen  aus  dem  Oestlichen  Hinter- 

pommem.     Posen,  1885.     See  p.  520, 
Kolberg,  O.,  Lud.     Radomskie.     Cracow,  1887-1888.     Abs.  p.  24;  Tab.  p.  277. 

■  Lud,  Kieleckie,  1885-1886.     Abs,  p.  24 ;  Tab.  p.  278. 
Lud.  Krakowskie.    Abs.  pp.  67,  440 ;  Tab.  pp.  278,  451-2. 

■  Lud.  Sandomierskie.     Abs.  p.  440 ;  Tab.  p.  452. 

Lud.  Kujawy.     Abs.  p.  440 ;  Tab.  p.  452. 

Lud.  Lubelskie.    Abs.  p.  441  ;  Tab.  p.  452. 


Kozlowski,  Komel,  Lud.     Warsaw,  1867.    Abs.  pp.  94-5 ;  Tab.  pp.  278-81. 

Krauss,  Friederich  S.,  Sagen  und  Mdrchen  der  Siidslaven.     Leipzig,  1883-1884. 
Abs.  pp.  67,  441 ;  Tab.  pp.  281.  453. 


BIBLICX^RAPHICAL  INDEX.  Ixxvii 

Kristensen,  £.  T.,  Danske  Folkectventyr.    Viborg,  1888.    Abs.  pp.  24,  441 ;  Tab. 

pp.  282,  453. 
-^—  Efierslat  HI  Skattegravertn,     1890.    Abs.  p.  25  ;  Tab.  p.  283. 

^^—  Jyske  Folkeminder,     Kbbcnhavn,  1881.     Abs.  pp.  25,  26,  67,  114 ;  Tab. 

pp.  284-91. 
■  Unpublished  Collections.    Abs.  pp.  26-28  ;  Tab.  pp.  291-96. 


Jones  and  Kropf,  The  Folk-Tales  of  the  Magyars.     London,  1889.    Abs.  p.  95  ; 
Tab.  p.  297. 


Landcs,  A.,  Conies  et  Ligendes  Annamites,    Saigon,  1886.     Abs.  p.  28;  Tab. 
p.  298. 

^—  Contes  Tjames,    Saigon,  1887.    Abs.  p.  28 ;  Tab.  p.  299. 

Leger,    Louis,    Contes  populaires   Slaves,      Paris,   1882.     Abs.   p.   442 ;    Tab. 

P-  455- 
Legrand,  ^milc.  Recueil  de  Contes  populaires  Grecs,     Paris,  1881.    Abs.  p.  68  ; 
Tab.  pp.  302-3  ;  and  see  Na  53,  Jakrbuch. 

Leskien  und  Brugman,  Litauischs   Volkslieder  und  Mdrchen,    Strasburg,  1882. 
Abs.  pp.  29,  468 ;  Tab.  pp.  304-6. 

Lootens,  A.,  Oude  Kindervertelsels  in  den  Brugschen  Tongval.    Brussels,  x868. 
Abs.  p.  84  ;  Tab.  p.  306. 

Luzel,  Contes  populaires  de  Basse-Bretagne,     Paris,  1887.    Abs.  pp.  30,  68  ;  Tab. 
pp.  307-11 ;  and  see  p.  507. 


MacLeod,  Kenneth,  Gaelic  story  collected  by.    See  p.  534. 

Mango,  Francesco,  Novelline  popolari  Sarde,  Palermo,  1890.  Abs.  p.  466 ; 
Tab.  p.  311. 

Maspons  y  Labros,  Lo  Rondallayre,  Barcelona,  1871.  Abs.  pp.  30,  69,  96 ; 
Tab.  pp.  311-16. 

Maurer,  Konrad,  Isldndische  Volkssagen  der  Gegenwart.  Leipzig,  i860.  Abs, 
p.  31  ;  Tab.  p.  316. 

Meier,  Ernst,  Deutsche  Volksmdrchen  aus  Schwaben,  Stuttgart,  1852.  Abs. 
pp.  31,  85,  466  :  Tab.  pp.  316-20. 

Milusine  (1886),  t.  iii.     Abs.  p.  69  ;  Tab.  p.  390. 

Mijatovics,  Csedomille,  Serbian  Folk-lore.     London,  1874.    See  Denton. 

MiU  y  Fontanals,  Observaciones  sobre  la  poesia  popular.  (See  Wolf,  in  Proben  por* 
tugiesischer  und  calalanischer  Volksromancen.  Wien,  1856.)  Abs.  p.  32; 
Tab.  p.  321. 

Moe,  Moltke,  Unpublished  Collection.  Christiania.  Abs.  pp.  32-35,  70,  442  | 
Tab.  pp.  322-27,  455* 

Molbcch,  Udvalgte  Evenly r.     1854.     Abs.  p.  115 ;  Tab.  p.  328. 

Monseur,    E.,    Le   Folklore    Wallon.      Bruxelles,    1802.      Abs.   p.    470;    Tab. 

p.  329- 
MUllenhofT,  Karl,  Sagen^  Mdrchen  und  Lieder  der  Hersogthiimer  Schleswig  Hoi- 

sit  in  und  Lauen burg.     Kiel,  1845.     Abs.  p.  115  ;  Tab.  p.  329. 


Ixxviii  BIBLIOGRAI'HICAL  INDEX. 

Nemcova,  B. ,  Slovenski  pohddky  a  P'Weste,    Prague,  1857.    Abs.  p.  35 ;   Tab. 

p.  331- 
Nenicci,  Gherardo,  Sessanta  NovelU  popolari  MontaUsi.     Firenze,  z88a    Abs. 
p.  96,  see  p.  85  ;  Tab.  pp.  331-33. 

De  Nino,  Antonio,  C/jt  e  costumi  Ab*^xx6si,    Firenze,  1883.    Abs.  p.  70 ;  Tab. 

p.  333- 
Novella  della  Figlia  del  re  di  Dacia,     Pisa,  1866.     Abs.  p.  97 ;  Tab.  p.  335. 

Ortoli,  J.  B.  Fr^d^ic,  Les  Conies  populaires  de  Vile  dt  Corse.     Paris,  1883.    Abs. 
pp.  85,  97,  98  ;  Tab.  pp.  335-39- 

Pedroso,  Consiglieri,  Portuguese  Folk-Tales,     London,  i88a.    Abs.  pp.  35,  36,  71 ; 

Tab.  pp.  339-42. 
Perraull,  Conies  du  Temps  fassL     1697.    Abs.  pp.  36,  71 ;  Tab.  pp.  342-44. 
Pineau,  L6on,  Les  Contes populaires  du  Poiiou.     Paris,  189 1.    Abs.  pp.  467,  468  ; 

Tab.  pp.  344-45' 
Pio,  Jean,  NcoffXAif»cjc^  Ilapofi^ia.    Copenhagen,  1879.    See  Hahn. 
Pilr^,  Fiabe^  Novelle  e  Racconti  popolari  Siciliani.     Palermo,  1875.     Abs.  pp.  37. 

71-73,  116,  470,  471  ;  Tab.  pp.  345-53- 

Prohle,  Kinder*  und  Volksmdrchen.     Leipzig,  1853.     See  p.  59a 

Prym  und  Socin,  Der Neu-Aramdische  Dialekt  des  T^r'AMtn.    Gollingen,  1881. 
Abs.  p.  73 ;  Tab.  p.  354 ;  and  see  p.  513. 

Retme  Celiique^  t.  iii.    Abs.  p.  37 ;  Tab.  p.  354. 

Revue  des  langues  Romanes,  t.  V.     1874.     Abs.  p.  73 ;  Tab.  p.  355. 

Rexmedes  Traditions  populaires,  I.  iii.    Abs.  p.  73;  Tab.  p.  356. 

Riviere,  Contes  populaires  Kahyles.     Paris,  1882.     See  p.  474. 

Rivista  di  JUtteraiura  popolare.    Torino,  Roma,  Firenze,  1877.    Abs.  p.  74 ;  Tab. 

P.358- 
Romanov,  Byelorussky  Sbomik,     Kieff  et  Witebsk,  1885-1891.    Seep.  519. 

Rom^o,  Sylvio,  Conios  populares  do  BraHl.     Lisbon,  1885.    Abs.  p.  74  ;  Tab. 

P-  358- 
Roumanian  Fairy  Tales  and  Legends,     London,  1881.     Abs.  p.  443;  Tab.  p.  456. 

Rotprawy  i  SpratooMdania,  etc.     1874-1892.    Abs.  p.  37  ;  Tab.  p.  360. 

Salmelainen,   Eero,   Tales  and  Fables  of  the  Finns.      Helslngfors,  187 1.      Abs. 

pp.  38.  39  J  Tab.  pp.  360-65. 
Samlaren.     1887.     Abs.  p.  39 ;  Tab.  p.  365. 
Schambach  und  Mailer,  Niedersdchsische  Sag.  u.  Aidr.    See  p.  503. 

Schleicher,    August,    Litauische   Mdrchen,    Sprichwortet    Rdisel    und   Lieder. 
Weimar,  1857.    Abs.  p.  75  ;  Tab.  p.  365. 

Schmidt,  Bemhard,  GriecMscke  Mdrchen^  Sagen  und  VolkilUdel^k    Leipzig,  1877. 
Abs.  p.  117 ;  Tab.  p.  366. 

Bchrtetler,  Christian,  Mdrchen  und  Sagen  aus   Walschtii^L     Innsbrttck,  1867. 
Abs.  p.  104 ;  Tab.  p.  367. 


BIBLIOGRAPHICAL  INDEX.  Ixxix 

Schott  (Arthur  und  Albert),    Walachische  Mdrcktn,    Stuttgart  und  Tubingen, 
1B45.    -f^bs.  pp.  75.  117;  Tab.  pp.  369-71. 

Schreck,  Emmy.  Finnische  Marchen,  Ubersctzt  von.    Weimar,  1877.    See  Salme- 
lainen. 

S^billot,  Paul,  Contes  populaires  de  la  Haute-Breiagne*     Paris,  z88o.    Abs.  pp.  40, 

98  ;  Tab.  pp.  372-74- 
'  LitUrature  oraie  de  la  Haute'Bretagne,    Paris,  1881.    Abs.  pp.  75,  85  ; 

Tab.  pp.  374-76. 
Skattegraveren ,  ix.     Abs.  pp.  40,  118 ;  Tab.  pp.  377-78. 
Jm  SocUU  de  LitUrature  Finnoise,    MS.  Collections.      Helsingfors.     Abs.  pp. 

41-44.  76-77,  99,  118 ;  Tab.  pp.  378-97- 
Stegard,   P.  M. ,  /  Fjeldbygdeme.    Christiania,  x868.    Abs.  pp.  44,  443 ;  Tab. 

pp.  397.  456. 
Spitta-Bey,  Guillaume,  Contes  arabes  modemes,    Leide,  Paris,  1883.    Abs.  p.  443 ; 

Tab.  p.  457  ;  and  see  p.  475. 

Stier,  G.,  Ungarische  Sagen  und  Marchen,    Berlin,  1850.    Abs.  pp.  45, 444  ;  Tab. 

PP-  398.  459. 
Stojanovic,   Mijat,   Narodne  Fripoviedke.     Agram,   1879.    Abs.   p.   119 ;  Tab* 

p.  40a 

Stokes,  Indian  Fairy  Tales.    See  p.  510. 

Straparola.  Le  tredici piacevoli  notti,    Venice,  1569,    Abs.  p.  77 ;  Tab.  p.  401. 

Sutermeister,  Otto,  Kinder-  und  Hausmdrchen  aus  der  Schweis.    Aarau,  1869. 
Abs.  p.  99 ;  Tab.  p.  401  ;  and  see  p.  502. 


Thcal.  Geo.  McCall,  Kajlr  Folk-lore  (2nd  ed.).    London,  1886.    Abs.  p.  445 
Tab.  p.  460. 

Thiele,  J.  yi.,  Dan  mark's  Folkesagn  (1843).     See  p.  495. 

Thorpe,  Benjamin,  Yule-Tide  Stories.    Abs.  pp.  46-48,  119-ao;  Tab.  pp.  4oa-ia 

Toeppen,  M.,  Aberglauben  aus  Masuren.     Danzig,  1867.    Abs.  p.  445;   Tab. 
p.  460. 

Turiaull,  Etude  sur  le  langage  Creole  de  la  Martinique.    Abs.  p.  48 ;  Tab,  p.  410. 
Tvedt,  ].,Hornbdk,  Hjemmet  og Skolen,     1873.    Abs.  p.  49  ;  Tab.  p.  41a 

Vemaleken,  F.  Th.,  Oesterreichische  Kinder-  und  Hausmdrchen  ^  etc.    Wien,  1864. 
Abs.  p.  77 ;  Tab.  p.  410. 

Visentini.   Isaia,  Fiabe  Mantovane.    Torino,  Roma,  1879.     Abs.  pp.  49,  104  ; 
Tab.  pp.  411-13. 

t'olkskunde.    Antwerp,  1889.     Abs.  pp.  49,  86,  100;  Tab.  pp.  413-16. 

Vuletic-Vukasovic,  Vid,  Unpublished  story,  contributed  by.     Abs.  p.  50;  Tab. 
p.  416. 

Waldau,  A. ,  Bohmisches  Mdrckenbuch,     Prague,  i860.    Abs.  pp.  SOtTj;  Tab. 

pp.  418-32. 
Wang,  J.  Storm,  Ti  Norske  Eventyr.    Throndhjem,  1868.    See  pp.  50  and  43a. 


IXXX  BIBLIOGRAPHICAL  INDEX. 

Webster,  Wentworth,  Basque  Legends,  London,  1877.  Abs.  pp.  78,  86,  100, 
Z2o;  Tab.  pp.  423-24. 

Weryho,  W.,  Podania  lotewskie,    Warsaw,  1892.    Abs.  p.  78 ;  Tab.  p.  424. 

Wlislocki,  Heinrich  von,  Mdrchen  und  Sagen  der  Bukowinaer  und  SiehenbMrger 
Amunier,    Hamburg,  1892.    Abs.  p.  120 ;  Tab.  p.  425. 

Wolf,  F.    See  MilA  y  Fontanals. 

Wojcicki,  K.  W.,  Polish  Fairy  Tales,    Warsaw,  185a    Abs.  p.  51 ;  Tab.  p.  427. 

*—  Polnische  Volkssagen  und  Mdrchen,  translated  into  German  by  Friederich 
Heinrich  Lewestam.     Berlin,  1859.    Abs.  p.  78  ;  Tab.  p.  428. 

Wratislaw,  A.  H.,  Sixty  Folk-Tales  [Southern  Slavonians:  Bulgarian  Stories], 
London,  i88a    Abs.  p.  51  ;  Tab.  p.  428. 

Zbidr  wiadomosci  do  antropologji  Krajowej.  Cracow,  1877-1893.  Abs.  pp.  52.  79  ; 
Tab.  pp.  430-31 ;  and  see  p.  478. 

Zingerle,  Ignaz  und  Josef,  Tirols  Volksdichtungen  und  Volksgebrduche.  Band  i. 
Kinder-  und  Hausmdrchen.  InnsbrUck,  1852.  Abs.  pp.  51,  100,  121;  Tab. 
pp.  432-35  ;  and  see  p.  sia 

— —^  Op.  cit.  Band  ii.  Kinder-  und  Hausmdrchen  aus  Siiddeuischland* 
Regensburg,  1854.    Abs.  pp.  104,  446 ;  Tab.  pp.  435,  461. 


CINDERELLA   VARIANTS 


Part  I.— ABSTRACTS. 


A.— CINDERELLA. 

G.  A.  Aberg,  Nylandska  Folksagor.    Helsingfors,  1887.    P.  321,     1 

No.  251.    (From  Finland.) 

"  DoM  TRi  Flikkona  som  sku  ti  Kungsgaln  o  Tj>ena"  (The 
three  Girls  who  went  as  Servants  to  the  King's  Palace). 

Farmer's  three  daughters  wash  their  hands  for  seven  years  in 
new  milk  because  they  are  to  be  king's  servants.  Eldest  daughter 
on  way  to  palace  meets  sheep  with  scissors  on  its  horns,  asking  to 
be  shorn  ;  cow  with  pail  on  its  horns,  asking  to  be  milked ;  old 
man  in  ditch,  asking  to  be  helped  out.  She  refuses  each  lest  she 
soil  her  hands.  Same  thing  happens  to  second  daughter,  who 
declines  to  help.  Heroine  shears  sheep,  gets  wool  as  reward ; 
milks  cow,  puts  wool  into  the  milk ;  helps  old  man  out  of  ditch, 
gets  his  stick,  black  at  one  end,  green  at  the  other.  Menial 
heroine  (swineherd  at  palace) — Magic  dresses,  obtained  by 
striking  pig-sty  wall  vdth  black  end  of  stick — Meeting  place 
(garden) — King  pursues  heroine  [Threefold  flight] ;  catches  her 
third  time— Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Happy  marriage 
— Sisters  are  servants  to  heroine. 


G.  A.  Aberg,  Nylandska  Folksagor,    Helsingfors,  1887.     P«  3^2, 
No.  252.     (From  Virby  in  Kymstatt,  Finland.) 

"  Flickorna,  som  foro  till  Kungens  Gard"  (The  Girls  who 

went  to  the  King's  Palace). 

Three  sisters  are  to  go  as  servants  to  the  king's  palace.  Eldest 
meets  cow  with  pail  on  its  horns,  asking  to  be  milked ;  sheep  with 
scissors  on  its  horns,  asking  to  be  shorn  ;  old  man  with  knife  in 

B 


2  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

his  hand,  asking  to  be  loused.  She  refuses  each,  lest  she  soil  her 
hands.  Gets  work  at  palace.  Second  sister  meets  the  same,  and 
declines  to  help.  Heroine  milks  cow  and  drinks  milk :  shears  sheep 
and  takes  wool ;  louses  old  man,  who  gives  her  a  silk  dre.ss,  silver 
dress,  gold  dress,  a  gold  carriage,  gold  shoes,  and  gold  horse. 
Menial  heroine  (at  palace)— Uagic  dresses—Ueetii^'place 
(church) — (Threefold  flight) — Lo6t  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test — 
Happy  maniage. 

3    J.  B.  Andrews,  C^h/w  lA^ires.     Paris,  1892.     No.  I.     Pp.  3-7. 
(From  Henlone.) 

Heroine  persuades  widowed  father  to  niany  her  Fairy-god- 
mother — ^ni-treated  heroine  (by  stepmother; — Menial  heroine 
(minds  goat) — Task  (spinning)-  Task-perfonning  animal  (goat) 
^Slayii^  of  helpful  animal — Eating  taboo — Kevivified  bones — 
Father  starting  on  voyage  offers  gifts.  Heroine  bids  him  only 
visit  her  aunt  and  carry  greeting.  Aunt  sends  nut  to  heroine 
containing  Hagic  dresB;  and,  on  second  occasion,  almond 
containing  gold  slippers — Ueeting-place  (church) — Heroine  made 
beautiful  by  bones ;  sits  by  stepsisters ;  gives  one  her  handker- 
chief—Two-f  old  flight— Pursuers  detained  with  (1)  bran  in  their 
eyes,  (i)  handful  of  pence— Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test — 
Happy  marriage. 


Arehaological  Review,  vol.  iii  (March-July  1889),  pp.  14-27. 

■'  ASHPIl-EL." 

ni-treated     heroine     (by     step-mother     and     stepsisters) 

—  Menial  heroine  (minds  sheep)  —  Helpful  animal  —  Ear 
conmcopia — Spy  on  heroine— 8ia3'ing  of  helpful  animal- 
Old  woman  counsels  heroine  —  Kevivified  bones — Task  (to 
DUke  big  pot  of  soup  oat  of  thimbleful  of  water,  one  grain  of 
barley,  and  one  cnunb  of  bread) — Task-performing  animal — 
Meeting-place  (church) — Dresses  (not  magic)  and  glass  slippers 
(her  own)— Flight  (two-foIdt-Lost  shoe— bhoe  marriage  test 

—  Hntilatsd  foot — False  bride— Animal  witness  (raven) — 
Happy  marriage. 


I 

I 

I 

I 


A. — CINDERELLA.  3 

Archivio^  ii,  pp.  31-34.     Novelle  popolari  Sarde.     Story  No.  III. 
Contributed  by  Sig.  Giovanni  Pipere  di  Nuoro. 

"  Sa  Bitella  de  SOS  CoRROS  d'Oro"  (The  Calf  with  Golden 

Horns). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Menial  heroine — 
Fairy  aid  Heroine  gives  water  to  fairy,  who  in  return  endows 
her  with  beauty,  promises  her  a  prince's  love,  and  gives  her  calf 
with  golden  horns,  which  she  must  take  care  of  and  obey.  Step- 
mother, jealous,  sends  own  daughter  to  draw  water,  but  girl  refuses 
drink  to  fairy,  who.  causes  her  to  shrivel  up  into  old  woman. 
Heroine  daily  pastures  calf^Slaying  of  helpful  animal  (calf) — 
Bones  collected  and  put  in  grotto — Magic  dresses  (from  grotto) 
— Meeting-place  (mass) — ^Flight  (manifold)— Lost  shoe—Shoe 
marriage  test — ^Happy  marriage— ViUain  nemesis  (step-sister 
remains  accursed). 


Ibid,^  ii,  pp.  185-87.    Nov.  pop,  Sarde.     Story  No,  V.  Q 

"Sa  Contanscia  de  Chiginera"  (The  Story  of  Cinderella). 

[Hi-treated  heroine]— Gifts  from  father ;  heroine  asks  him  to 
salute  puzzone  nudianu  ;  horse  will  not  stir  till  he  has  done  so. 
Puzzone  (•==»  prince,  doing  penance)  sends  (i)  nut,  (2)  almond  to 
Cinderella — Magic  dresses,  from  almond ;  tiring-maids  from  nut 
— Meeting-place  (church) — Lost  shoe  (silver) — Shoe  marriage 
test — Heroine  discovered  in  kitchen,  wearing  magic  dress  and 
silver  shoe;  prince  gives  her  fellow-shoe. — Cinderella  attends 
Mass  in  magic  clothes ;  sits  between  sisters  ;  gives  each  a  flower 
and  box  on  ear  ;  reminds  them  of  this  afterwards,  when  they 
boast  to  father  about  lady's  gift — C  invites  father  to  dinner  she 
has  prepared.  Sisters  deride  her ;  but  prince  comes  to  dinner 
and  claims  bride — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.y  ii,  54-58.     (A  Cinderella  Story  from  Camerino,  by  Caterina 

Pigorini-Beri.) 

"La  Cenerentola." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  mother) — ^Hearth  abode— Gifts  from 
father  :  heroine  chooses  gold  tree,  gold  pot,  gold  spade ;  plants 

B  2 


and  tends  tree  which  gives  Uagic  dresaeB— Ueeting-place  (ball)— 
Three-fold  flight— Trap— Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test — ^Vhen 
prince  returns  lo  fetch  bride,  mother  has  hidden  heroine  in  tub 
and  dressed  sister  in  her  rags— Animal  witneeB  (cock)— Prince 
puts  sister  in  tub  and  rides  off  with  heroine— Happy  marriage- 
Mother  boils  sister  by  mistake;  props  up  corpse  on  stairs.  Father 
returns  ;  getting  no  answer  from  corpse,  knocks  it  downstairs. 


8  Armemsche  Bibliothek,  herausgegeben  von  Abgar  Jannissiany, 
Leipzig,  1887.  IV,  pp.  i-io. 
"The  Brother  Ram." 
ni-treated  heroine  and  brother  (by  step-mother)— Father  per- 
suaded to  abandon  them  in  the  mountains,  Brother  is  thirst}'. 
Sister  urges  him  not  to  drink  (i)  rain  water  in  horse's  hoof-prints, 
or  he  will  turn  into  foal  ;  (2)  in  print  of  ox-hoofs,  or  he  will  turn 
into  calf;  (3)  buffalo -hoofs,  (4)  bear's  paws,  (5)  pig's  feet,  and  (6) 
wolfs  feet,  for  fear  of  similar  transformations.  Finally,  he  drinks 
from  print  of  sheep's  foot,  and  is  turned  into  ram.  Heroine  and 
ram  reach  home.  Step-mother  seeks  to  slay  ram  ;  heroine  escapes 
with  it  lo  mountain.  While  spinning  she  drops  distaff,  which  rolls 
into  cave  ;  goes  after  it,  leaving  ram  grazing.  Finds  thousand- 
year-old  crone  (Dew),  who  offers  her  fish  to  eat,  and  brings  snakes 
and  dragons.  Heroine  is  terrified,  and  weeps.  Tells  her  story. 
Crone  makes  fire,  puts  fire-hook  into  stove,  and  says :  "  If  Black- 
ness passes  by,  don't  wake  me;  if  Rainbow-hued  flies  past,  put 
glowing  fire-rake  to  my  feet  to  wake  me."  She  goes  to  sleep, 
with  head  on  heroine's  knees.  Black  monster  flies  past.  I're- 
sently,  Rainl>ow-hued  appears.  Heroine  throws  fire-hook  at  feet 
of  crone,  who  wakes,  and  finds  heroine's  locks  and  raiment  turned 
to  gold  Heroine  takes  leave  of  crone,  and  drives  ram  home. 
Buries  gold  clothes  in  hole  near  stove,  and  dons  old  ones  before 
she  is  seen  by  step-mother,  who  notices  gold  locks,  learns  how 
she  got  them,  and  all  that  has  happened.  Sends  own  daughter 
to  mountain  to  do  likewise.  Crone  turns  her  into  scare-crow,  and 
sends  her  back.  Stepmother  and  step-sister  go  to  see  wedding. 
Heroine  follows  in  Hagic  drese- Hurries  home  before  them — 
Lost  shoe.  It  falls  into  stream.  King's  horses,  seeing  gold  shoe. 
refuse  to  drink.    Wise  men  discover  reason  ;  shoe  taken  to  King — 


A. — CINDERELLA.  5 

Shoe  marriage  test— Animal  witness  (cock) — Happy  marriage- 
Ram  taken  to  palace — Step-mother  and  step-sister  visit  heroine  ; 
propose  bathing ;  push  her  far  out  to  sea.  Fish  swallows  heroine. 
Substituted  bride.  Heroine,  inside  fish,  hears  voice  of  bell-ringer ; 
begs  him  cross  himself  seven  times,  and  tell  King  not  to  slay 
brother  ram.  King  goes  at  night  to  sea-shore  with  bell-ringer ; 
hears  heroine's  voice ;  springs  into  sea,  cuts  open  fish  with  sword, 
and  delivers  her — Villain  Nemesis.  Step-mother  and  step-sister 
bound  to  horse's  tail — Three  apples  fall  from  heaven. 


Jon  Arnason,  I'olk-tales  of  Iceland^  collected  by.    Leipzig,  1862-    9 
64.      Translation  by    W.  Howard    Carpenter ;    published  in 
Folk' Lore.  Record^  iii,  237-241. 

"Step-Mother  Story." 

Widowed  King,  father  of  Mjadveig,  marries  widow.  She  and 
her  daughter  Kroka  change  at  will  into  giantesses — Ill-treated 
heroine  (by  step-mother  and  step-sister) — Mother  help  (in 
dream) — Heroine  directed  by  dead  mother  (i)  to  pick  up  ker- 
chief in  path ;  this  is  stolen  from  her  by  step-sister;  (2)  to  follow 
clue  of  yam  which  conducts  her  to  bower  where  she  dwells  un- 
seen— ^Lost  shoe ;  heroine  vows  she  will  wed  whatever  man  finds 
it.  King's  son  puts  ashore  to  visit  King ;  finds  shoe,  is  per- 
suaded by  queen  that  it  belongs  to  her  daughter  with  whom  he 
sails  away — Mutilated  foot — False  bride — Animal  witness 
(birds  in  rigging) — Prince  lands  again  at  same  spot ;  chances  on 
heroine's  bower ;  sees  she  wears  fellow  shoe  to  one  he  carries, 
and  bids  her  put  on  ;  takes  her  to  ship,  goes  to  his  own  country 
— ^Happy  marriage — Villain  Nemesis — Step-sister  is  burnt  and 
her  ashes  made  into  porridge  which  queen  eats;  she  is  then 
burnt  also. 


Arnason,  Icelandic  Legends.     Translated  by  Geo.  J.  Powell  and    10 
Eirikr  Magniisson  (2nd  Series).     London,  1866,  pp.  235-250. 

"The  Story  of  Mjadveig,  Daughter  of  Mani." 

New  queen  sought  for  widowed  king  Mini.  Harp-playing 
widowed  queen,  with  one  daughter,  chosen.  Ill-treated 
bffTViiie  (I7  step-motber  and  step-sister)— Spell  wrought  by 


6  CIM>ERELIJ\    VARIANTS. 

stq>niother  causing  heroine  and  slep-sister,  through  exchange  of 
dresses,  lo  change  places  and  shapes.  Heroine  (Mjadveig)  bound 
hand  and  foot — Mother  help  (id  dream)— Magic  food-producing 
cloth — Spy  on  heroine — Magic  cloth  stolen  by  step-sister— Hero- 
ine, direcied  by  mother  in  dream,  escapes  to  house  by  the  sea. 
Key  opens  house  by  charm  only — ^One  day  heroine  takes  fright 
at  sight  of  ships,  leader  of  fleet  lands  and  picks  up  Lo8t  shoe 
—Shoe  marriage  test — Heio  goes  to  Mini's  house  in  quest  of 
the  real  Mjacivtig  -  Mutilated  foot — False  bride — Animal  wit- 
ness (birds)— Spell -dissolving  plate  put  by  prince  on  lalse  bride's 
shoulders,  transforms  her  Ki  troll — Villain  Nemesis  (killed  and 
salted). — Happy  marriage — Salted  flesh  of  false  bride,  given  to 
step-mother  to  eat  at  wedding,  transforms  her  to  troll — Villain 
Nemesis  (blown  up  with  gunpowder) — Heroine  has  son.  Bath- 
woman  puts  spel!  on  her ;  they  exchange  dresses,  places,  and 
shapes — Herdsman  sees  heroine  inside  glass  hall  on  rock  which 
giant  drags  into  sea  by  iron  chain.  Dwarf  tells  herdsman  how  lo 
release  heroine,  gii'ing  axe  with  which  to  cut  iron  chain — Giant 
blinded  by  contents  of  l>ag  flung  by  dwarf^Hcroine  delivered— 
Herdsman  informs  prince ;  is  made  earl — Spell-dissolving  board 
put  by  prince  on  bath-woman  transforms  her  to  troll — Villain 
Nemeeis  (killed)— Hero  and  heroine  reunited. 


ASBJOBNSEN  OG  MoE,  Norskt  Folktt^'entyr,  No.  i 
"Kari  Th«stak." 
(See  Dasent,  No.  30.) 


Nor.  BfUtdbog  for  den  Norske  UngJom. 

Christiania,  1837. 

'■  Kari    TrjESTAK.'" 

Parents  leave  boy  and  girl  a  baking-pan  and  a  cat.     Boy  lakes 

baking-pan^Cat  aid— Menial  heroine-  (kitchen-maid  at  palace) 

—Helpful  animal  (cat)  catches  fi)  reindeer,  (2)  stag,  (3)  elk  ; 

jelis  them  to  king  for   loo,  200,  300  dollars  ;  buys  for  heroine 

saddle-horse  and  Btagic  dresses- Token  objects  thrown:  water, 

towel,  comb— Meeting.place  (church)— Threefold  flight— Prince 


A. — CINDERELLA. 


secures  heroine's  glove — Pitch  trap — ^Lost  shoe  (golden) — Shoe 
marriage  test — ^Mutilated  foot — False  bride — Animal  witness 
(bird) — Magic  dress  worn  under  husk — ^Happy  marriage. 


P.  Chr.   Asbjornsen   og  Jorgen   Moe,   Norske  Folke-eventyr,    12 
2nd  edition.      Christiania,   1852.     P.   416.     (From  Bygland, 
Norway.) 

"KaRI   TRiESTAK." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Task  (to  gather  grain 
from  ashes) — ^Aid  from  hill-folk. — Magic  dresises — [Story  pro- 
ceeds like  "  Kari  Traestak"  (see  No.  11),  except  that  heroine  does 
not  serve  in  king's  castle.] 


Ibid,y  p.  416.     (From  Hardanger,  Norway.)  13 

"Kari  Tr^estak." 

Man,  seeking  runaway  horse,  comes  to  widow's  house  and  rests. 
Chair  holds  him  captive  till  he  promises  to  marry  widow — Ill- 
treated  heroine  Qaj  step-mother  and  step-sisters) — Menial 
heroine  (herds  cattle) — Helpful  animal  (ox) — Ear  cornucopia — 
Step-sisters  sent  to  spy;  heroine  sends  them  to  sleep  by. hair- 
dressing.  But  eye  in  back  of  second  step-sister's  neck  discovers 
magic  food-supply — Slaying  of  helpful  animal — House  springs 
up  where  ox  is  buried,  containing  dresses,  etc.,  for  heroine — Task 
(to  gather  grain  from  ashes) — Task-performing  animals  (birds) 
— Magic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold  flight — 
Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  feet — Happy  mar- 
riage. 


Ibid.y  p.  420.     (From  Hardanger.)  14 

"Kari  TRiESTAK." 

Menial  heroine,  in  troll's  service — Meeting-place  (church) — 
Threefold  flight — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — ^Mutilated 
foot  (step-sister's) — Animal  witness  (birds) — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.,  p.  4JO.     (Prom  Fjeldberg.) 

■■L[NDF.DRONNiNGEN"(The  Lime-tree  Queen). 

Ill-treated  heroine   (by   step-mother) — Help   from   lime-tree 

quetn  —  Magic  dreasea  —  Heeting-place  (church)  —  Threefold 

flight — Lost    shoe— Shoe     marriage     test— Mutilated    foot — 

Animal  witness  (birds)— Happy  marriage. 

I  16  Athanas'ev,  Russian  folk-lales.  Part  VI,  pp.  152-154.  No.  30. 
"Chernushka"  (I.ittle  Cinderella). 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother  and  step-sisters) — Henlal 
heroine  nickniimed  "  the  Black  Girl  " — Task  (grain-sorting) — 
T I sk -performing  animals  (doves) — Magic  dresses  (provided  by 
doves)— Meetin((-place  (ball)— Threefold  flight— Pitch-trap— 
Lost  sho&— Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  foot — Animal  wtt- 
DeBB  (doves) — Happy  marriage — Villain  Nemesis, 

D'AULNOV,  Madame,  Contes  eUs  Fits,  1O98. 

"FlNETTE   CENDRON."  

(See  No.  56.) 

Das  Autland,  Jahrgang  1S32.      "Marcheii  und  KinderspJele  in 

Griechenland",  von  Dr.  Zuccarini.    No.  58,  p.  230. 


Elder  sisters  kill  jnd  eat  mother,  ^'oungest,  Staelopouta 
(Aschcnputtel),  refuses  to  partake ;  collects  mother's  bones  and 
buries  them  under  trfc.  Bird  sings  overhead — -Help  at  grave — 
Mf^c  dresses-- Ill-treated  heroine  |by  envious  sisters) — Menial 
heroine — Ueeting-place  (church) — Sisters  go  togelhtr :  prince  falls 
in  love  with  heroine— Trap  (honey  not  pitch) — Everj'  woman 
losfs  a  shoe :  heroine's  is  the  smallest — Lost  shoe— Shoe  mar- 
riage test— Sisttre  hide  heroine  in  hen-house;  prince  discovers 
her— ^Happy  marriage— Old  woman  sent  b)'  sisters  transforms 
heroine  into  bird  whilst  dressing  her  hair.  Bird  escapes  from  her 
on  to  roof.     Prince  hears  it  singing  and  has  It  caught.     Bird  tells 


i.— CINDER  bLL». 


Ehini  what  has  ha|ipcned.  Old  woman,  comptlled  i 
l»pell,  bids  prince  pluck  out  feathers,  whereupon  hen 
I  transformed — Villain  Nemesis. 


I  Basile,  Ptntainerone.    Aus  dem  NeapaUtanUchen  iibertragen  von     18 
Fehx  I.iebrecht.     Breslau,  1846.    1st  Day,  6th  Tale,  vol.  i,  pp. 
78-89. 

"I,A  Gatta  Cenerentoi.a," 
Governess  counsels  heroine  to  murder  unkind  step-mother  and 
f  lo  persuade  father  to  marry  her— Ill-treated  heroine  (by  goTemess 
I  step-mother )-^Fair7  Dove  aid^ Hearth  abode— Gifts  chosen  from 
I  father,  Heroine  bids  him  ask  fairy  dove  on  island  of  Sardinia  (o 
I  send  her  something.  Ship  will  not  ntove  because  he  forgets  this. 
I  Captain  dreams  reason  why.  Fairy  dove  sends  heroine  gold  palm 
J  branch  (which  she  plants),  gold  flower-pot,  gold  spade,  silk  ker- 
I  chief  —  U&gic  dresses  —  Heeting-place  (festival)  —  Three-fold 
I  flight — Gold  and  jewels  thrown  to  pursuers — Lost  shoe — Shoe 
I  test,  after  banquet  lo  which  all  are  invited  :  unsuccessful. 
I  Second  shoe  teat :  Heroine  is  present— Happy  marriage. 


\  Bechstkin,  Dtutseltes  Mdrchtnbuck.     Leipzig,  1846.     Pp.  347-44. 

"  .\SCHKNBRbDEL." 

m-treated  heroine  (by  stepjDother  and  step-sisters)  — 
[  Xenial  heroine  -^  Hearth-abode  —  Gifts  chosen  from  father — 
le  chooses  hazel-twig  and  plants  it  on  mother's  grave. 
—  Help  at  grave  —  Task  (grain-sorting)  —  Task-performing 
animals  (birds)— Magic  dreeBes- Meeting-place  (ball) — Three* 
fold  flight — Lost  shoe^Shoe  marriage  test— Happy  marriage 
—Villain  Nemesis. 

BiRNONI.  Fiabe  popolari  ytncziane.     Venezia,    1873.      Story 

No.  vin,  pp.  36.44. 

"  I.A  Conza-Senare," 
m-treated  heroine  (by  elder  sisters)   leaves  home  to  take 
Iseivice — Fairy  aid^Henial  heroine  called  "Conza-Senare"  at 
»lace    by   prince— Magic  dresses   procured   by  means  of  fairy 


lO  CmnEREI.l.A    VVRTAVTS. 

wand — Meeting-place  (ball) — Three-fold  flight — Sand  and  money 
and  lastly  shoe  thrown  at  pursuers — (Prince  has  struck  heroine 
with  tongs,  but  token  object  is  not  named  at  ball}— Love-sick 
priDce^ — Becognition  food — Happy  marriage. 


21  Bihliottca  de  lai  Tradidonts  populams  Eifariofas.  t.  i,  p,  114 
"  Maria  [.a  Cenicienta." 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother)  ^  Slaying  of  helpful 
animal  (calf)— Magic  wand  for  heroine  in  entrails  of  calf,  which 
whilst  she  washes  them,  are  carried  away  by  stream — Heroine 
taken  to  hut,  which  she  tidies  for  old  woman,  then  cooks  dinner. 
Then  old  woman  sends  her  to  sleep,  restores  calfs  entrails,  and 
gives  her  star  on  brow — Step-mother  covers  star  with  rag — 
Envious  step-sister  wants  to  get  same,  but  refuses  10  tidy  hut,  and 
is  punished  with  turkey-cock's  crest  on  brow.  Step-mother  covers 
it  with  silk  kerchief— Magic  dresses  and  equijiagc  produced  by 
means  of  wand— Meeting-place  (ball)— Flight — Lost  shoe — Shoe 
marriago  test— Heroine  hidden  under  kneading-trough- 
witness  (dog) — Happy  marriage. 


1 

\ 


A.   BoNDF^ON,  Svenska  Folksagor.     Stockholm,  1882.     P.  qi. 
No,  XXIII.     (From  Varmland,  in  Sweden.) 
■'  AsKirNdKN"  (Cinder-brat). 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother  and  step-aisters)^ Menial  I 
heroine,  nicknamed  Cinder-brat— Midwife  aid— Transfoimaiion 
of  pumpkin,  rats,  and  caterpillars,  into  chariot,  horses,  coachman, 
and  footmen  for  heroine^Magic  dresses  hy  means  of  midwife's 
wand — Meeting-place  (ball).     Heroine  must  leave  before  mid- 
night.— Twofold    fligbt.      Heroine   detained   past   midnight  at 
second  ball.     Magic  dresses  become  ragfr — Lost  shoe  (no  longer 
golden,   but  shabby   and   very    small)— Shoe  marriage  t«8t— 


Busk,  Tkt  Folk-hrt  nf  R<mt.     Ixjndon.  1874. 
'■  La  Crnoriei 


I 


» 


Ill-treated  heroine  [by  elder  siBters)— Menial  heroine,  {called 
"  Cenorienlola") — Gifts  chosen  hy  three  daughters  from  father. 
Bird,  promised  to  heroine,  forgotten  by  father  whose  boat  will  not 
move  till  hu  gets  it— Helpful  animal  (bird)^Magic  dreBBes— 
Meeting-place  (ball)— Three-fold  flight— Lost  shoe  (golden) — 
Shoe  marriage  test — Happy  marriage. 


Ri'SK,  ,>/.  ^y.     Pp.  31-37- 
"  Vaccarkli.a." 

Widow  seeks  marriage  with  father  of  heroine,  whom  she  in- 
structs with  own  daughter — Ill-treated  heroine— Menial  heroine 
(called  "Maria")  tends  cow  {calltd  "  Vaccarella")— Tasks,  (1) 
spinning,  {2)  weaving,  (3)  shirt-making  ^  Task-perfonniDg 
animal  (cow)  assumes  form  of  woman  to  make  shirt— Spy  on 
heroine— Slaying  of  helpful  animal— Golden  ball  under  heart  of 
helpful  animal  gives  magic  help — Magic  dresBes — Meeting-place 
(church)— Three-fold  flight — Lost  shoe — Heroine  made  to  clean 
barrel :  step-sister  takes  her  place  mside  barrel — Shoe  marriage 
test — Happy  marriage — Stepsister  scalded  to  death  by  mistake. 
Slep-molher  sets  up  corpse  on  stairs  as  though  living:  fathei 
throws  wood  at  it.  Villain  NemesiB —  Father  takes  infant  daughter 
and  deserts  wife. 

Calcutla  Htvinv,  11(1870),  p.  121. 
Ill<tieated  heroine  {by  step-mother)— Helpful  animal  (cow), 
gives  milk  —  Slaying  of  helpful  animal  —  Bevivified  bones 
— Eating  taboo— Magic  dresses-  Meeting-place  (palace) — Flight 
(  ?  threefold) — Lost  shoe— Heroine  hides  in  granary — Animal 
witness  (cock) — Happy  marriage^ Villain  Nemeais. 


12  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

CAMPBEL^  No.  XLIII.  Vol.  ii,  286  ff 
"The  Sharp{hornei>)  Grev  Sheep." 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  Btep>motlier)— Uenial  heroine  (niiiids 
sheep) — Helpful  animal — Henwife.  consulted  by  slcp-niollier, 
sends  own  dauglUtT  lo  spy  on  heroine,  who  sends  hi;r  to  sleep  by 
hair-dressing.  Eye  in  back  of  spy's  head  sees  sheep  bring  meal— 
Slaying  of  helpful  animal — Revivified  bones—  Henwife's  daugh- 
ter tells  of  prince's  love  for  heroine  ;  step-sister  sent  in  her  place 
to  herd  sheep.  Heroine  secretly  receives  yold  shoes  and  rendez- 
vous from  prince — Meeting-place  (sermon) —Threefold  flight— 
Lost  ahoe^Bhoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  foot — False  bride- 
Animal  witness  (bird) — Happy  marriage. 

Hvlten-Cavallius,  Sveisia  Folktagor. 

"  Den  LIIXA  GOLDSKON." 

(See  Thorpe,  No.  112.) 

ft'27  Celtic  Magaune,  vol.  xiii,  pp.  454-465. 

"The  Snow-white  Maiden,  and  the  Fair   Maii),  and  the 

SwARTHv    Maid,    A^fD    Frizzle    or     Bald- Hate    their 

Mother." 
lU-treated  heroine  (by  atep-motber  and  Btep-sisters)— ^Menial 
heroine—  Uefriendcd  by  "  Cantrips"  or  Trouble  the  House- 
Magic  dresses — Starlings  ihree  sit  on  either  shoulder— Cantrips 
strikes  rock  and  produces  black  steed— Meeting*pUce  (church) 
— Flight  (two-fold) — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  t«6t — Heroine 
hidden  under  wash-tub— Happy  Marriage — Milk  and  honey 
from  heroine's  finger-tips  allay  thirst  of  prince.  "  Fair  maid  " 
accompanies  heroine  as  maid  of  honour,  pushes  her  whilst  bathing 
into  lock  where  great  beast  "  Senselessness"  seizes  her.  Heroine 
comes  up  twice  and  questions  herd-boy,  third  time  is  wayl^d  by 
pririce,  who  slays  monster.  Birds  sing  for  heroine  alone.  Steed 
weeps  teats  of  blood  for  her. 


A. — CINDERELLA.  1 3 

CoMPARETTi,  Novelline popolari  Italiane.    Roma,  Torino,  Firenze,    28 

1875.     No.  XXIII,  pp.  95-100. 

"  La  Cenerentola." 

Hi-treated  heroine  (by  mother)  —  Hearth-abode  —  Menial 
heroine  minds  ducks — Task  (spinning) — Old  woman  aid — Old 
woman  lends  heroine  magic  comb,  which  makes  fall  from  her 
hair  com  for  ducks  and  jewels.  Task  performed  by  means  of 
magic  wand.  Same  things  happen  several  days — Magic  dresses 
provided  by  bird  Vetdirio  given  heroine  by  old  woman — Meeting- 
place  (ball)— Three-fold  fyight— Money  and  Shoe  thrown  to 
pursuers — Prince  fetches  heroine  from  parents  who,  at  first, 
refuse  to  show  her.  The  jingling  of  bells  on  heroine's  magic 
dress  is  mistaken  for  noise  of  fire-irons — Happy  marriage — 
Heroine  gives  presents  to  parents  and  sister. 


Ckkhz^  Italian  Popular  Tales.  London,  1885.  No.  IX,  pp.  42-47 

"  Cinderella.* 
(See  Imbriani,  No.  51,  the  original  of  this  version.) 


J.  CuRTiN,  Myths  and  Folk-lore  of  Ireland.    London,  1870.        29 

Pp.  78-92. 

"  Fair,  Brown,  and   Trembling." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  elder  sisters) — Menial  heroine — Hero 
loves  eldest  sister  first — Henwife  wears  cloak  of  darkness;  befriends 
heroine="  Trembling " — Magic  dresses,  procured  by  clipping 
from  old  clothes — Hair  dipt  turns  golden — Honey  bird,  honey 
finger,  and  magic  steeds  for  heroine — Meeting-place  (church) : 
heroine  must  not  go  inside — Threefold  flight — Lost  shoe — Search 
for  heroine  by  hero  and  other  princes — Shoe  marriage  test — 
Mutilated  feet — Hero  combats  competitors  for  heroine — ^Happy 
marriage — Eldest  sister,  "  Fair",  visits  heroine  after  birth  of  son  ; 
pushes  her  into  sea,  where  whale  swallows  her — Substituted 
bride  detected  by  sword  remaining  cold — Heroine,  thrown  up 
three  times  by  whale,  sends  tidings  by  cow-boy.  Fair  gives  cow- 
boy drink  of  oblivion,  which  he  next  time  refuses,  and  tells  hero. 


I   VARIANTS. 


who  shoots  whale  with  silver  builel  in  vulnerable  spot  revealed  by 
heroine.  Speech  taboo  on  heroine  till  this  is  done — ViUain 
Nemesia — Cow-boy  marrJes  second  child  of  hero  and  heroine. 


DasEnt.  Popular  Tales  from  tkf  Nora.  3rd  ed,,  Edin.,  1S8S. 

Pp-  357-374- 

■'  Katie  Wooi^ncloak." 

Hi-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother  and  Btep-sister)  —  BCenial 
heroine  (herds  cattle)— Helpful  animal  (bull)— Ear  cornucopia 
— Spy  on  heroine^BuH's  fiesh  only  fjure  for  slep-moiher's  feigned 
illness — Flight  of  heroine  on  bull— Bull  carries  heroine  through 
copper,  silver  and  gold-forests  lo  castle-  Heroine  accidentally 
breaks  off,  (i)  copper  leaf,  (i)  silver  leaf,  {3)  gold  apple,  causing 
lo  appear  trolls,  (i)  three-headed,  (2)  six-headed,  (3)  nine-headed, 
whom  bull  fights  and  kills.  Ointment  from  horn  in  troll's  belt 
cures  bull's  wounds — Bull  bids  heroine  cut  off  his  head,  flay  htm, 
put  copper  and  silver  leaves,  and  gold  apple  in  hide,  lay  it  in 
rock,  which  will  give  what  she  wants  when  knocked  with  stick. 
Then  go  to  pig-sty,  don  woodencloak  of  lath  strips,  call  herself 
Katie  Woodencloak,  and  take  service  as  scullery-maid  at  castle — 
Token  object  thrown,  ([1]  water,  [2]  towel,  [3]  comb) — Uagic 
drassea— Heeting-place  (church)-  Threefold  Sight — (1)  Prince 
secures  heroine's  glove —Pitch  trap — Lost  shoe  (golden)^8hoe 
marriage  test— Mutilated  foot— False  bride — Animal  witness 
(bird) — Magic  dress  worn  under  husk— Happy  marriage. 


Uenton,  Serbian  F'ltk-hrc,     l/)ndon,  1874.    I'p.  59-66, 

"  pAPALLl'dA,    OR    THK  GoLDRN   SlIPPKR." 

Old  man  warns  girls  spmtiing  and  cattle-lending  against 
dropping  spindle  down  cliff.  Heroine  drops  hers,  transforming 
mother  into  luh  -Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother j^Task, 
spinning. — Transformed  mother  help— Spy  on  htroine— Slay- 
ing of  helpfal  animal — Eating  tabou— Revivified  bones — Help 
at  grave— Menial  heroine,  called  Papa!luga — Task.  Rrain-sort- 
ing — Task  performing  animals  (birdfl)— Magic  dress — Meet- 


A. — CINDERELLA.  1 5 

ing  place  (church)  —  Three-fold  flight  — Lost  shoe —  Shoe 
marriage  test — Animal  witness  (cock),  reveals  heroine  under 
wash  trough — Happy  marriage. 


Dobbins KY,    Prostondrodnie  Slovenske  pavesti.     Tur^ansky  Sv.      32 
Martin,  1880.     Part  VIII.    Pp.  65-84. 

"  PopeluSa." 

King  loses  kingdom  and  becomes  forest-ranger.  Ill-treated 
heroine  and  sisters  (by  step-mother) — Heroine  and  sisters,  aban- 
doned in  the  desert,  find  their  way  home  by  means  of  clue  of 
thread.  Second  time  heroine  recommends  trail  of  ashes  (hence 
she  is  called  Popelu^a) ;  these  are  scattered  by  gale.  One-eyed 
giant  carries  them  off;  heroine  plans  his  death.  They  live  at 
giant's  castle.  Elder  sisters  go  to  palace  where  king  is  to  choose 
bride.  Heroine  finds  gold  keys  opening  rooms  containing  Magic 
dresses — Meeting-place  (town) — Twofold  flight — ^Lost  shoe — 
Shoe  marriage  test — ^Happy  marriage — Heroine  fetches  father 
to  castle. 


Dolen,  Eit  Vikublad,  1870.     No.  III.  33 

"  Manootter^  I  Grisehusi"  (The  Man's  Daughter  in  the 

Pig-sty). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  sorceress-step-mother)  —  Pig-sty 
abode —Neighbour  advises  heroine  to  visit  mother's  grave  on 
three  Thursday  nights — Mother  help  at  grave — Heroine  advised 
by  dead  mother  to  go  three  Thursday  nights  and  knock  at  hill ; 
third  time  old  woman  comes  out — Old  woman  aid — Magic  dresses 
— Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold  flight — Lost  shoe — Shoe 
marriage  test— Mutilated  foot— Animal  witness  (bird)— Happy 
marriage. 


FiNAMORE,  Tradizioni popolari  Abbruzzesi,    Lanciano,  1882.         34 

No.  II.    Pp.  8-12. 

"  La  BbRUTTA  CENkRELLE." 

Hi-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Menial  heroine,  minds 
cow  —  Tasks  (spinning)  —  Task-performing   animal  (cow)  — 
of  helpful  animal — Heroine  b^s  for  cow's  paunch; 


1ft  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

washes  it ;  finds  ball  inside,  containing  box  which  supplies  Magic 
dresBGB — Meeting-place  (church) — Heroine  gives  rings  to  step- 
sister who  places  her  chair- — Two-fold  flight — Money  thrown  to 
pursuers— Lost  shoe — Shoe  mfirriage  test — WitneBs  (neigh- 
bours)— Heroine  to  clean  inside  of  tub  ;  persuades  step-sister  to 
gel  in  in  herplacc.  Step-molher  boils  own  daughter  by  mistake  : 
VQIain  Nemesis— Happy  marriage. 


35.     Fo!k-Li>re  Journal^  ii,  71-74,     (From  Old  Meldrum,  Aberdeen- 
shire.) 
"The  Red  Calf." 
Hi-treated    heroine    (by    parents) ;    herds    cattle  —  Helpful 
animal  (red  calf)  takes  her  to  linuse  where  food  is  spread.     Spy 
on  heroine — (Slaying  of  helpful  animal  proposed)— Sister  holds 
ralf:    heroine  beheads    her  instead  —  Heroine  flight  on  caif — 
Heroine    disguise   (rashin    coatie)  —  Menial   heroine   (kitchen- 
maid   at    palacej — Magic   dresses    provided   Iiy  calf— Meeting- 
place  (church)  —  Flight  —  Lost  shoe  —  Shoe  marriage  test  — 
Mutilated  foot  (henwife's  daughter's)— Animal  witness  (bird) — 
Prince  enters  his    own    kitchen;    recognises   "Rashin  roatie" — 
Happy  marriage — House  built  for  red  calf. 


I 


CiELnART,  Fblk-iore  of  Modern  Gnta,  1884,  pp.  77-30. 

"  LlTTLH  SaDDLBSHJT." 

(See  No.  50.) 


Glinski.   Bajars  Pohki.   2nd  edition.      Wilna.    i86z.     Vol. 
pp,  135-49- 

Outcast  heroine  (by  elder  sisters  for  having  buried  horse's   ' 
head)— Menial  heroine  (servant  at  palace) — Help  in  dream- 
Heroine  dreams  of  treasure-oak- Magic  dresses — Heeting>place   ■ 
(church)- Threefold    flight  —  Pitch    trap- Lost   shoe—  Shoe 
marriage  test — Happy  marriage. 


A. — CIKDERELLA.  l*J 

Grimm,  Household  Tales,     No.  XXI.     Vol.  i,  pp.  93-100.  37 

"  ASCHENPUTTEL." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (liy  step-mother  and  gtep-dstera)  — 
Hearth-abode  —  Gifts  chosen  by  three  daughters  from  father. 
Heroine  chooses  hazel-branch,  and  plants  it  on  mother's  grave. 
—  Help  at  grave — Task  (grain  sorting)  —  Task-performing 
animals  (birds) — Transformed  mother  help  (bird  on  tree) — 
Magic  dresses  —  Meeting-place  (ball)  —  Three-fold  fyight — 
Heroine  hides,  (i)  in  pear-tree,  (2)  in  pigeon-house,  which  are 
cut  down  by  father — Pitch-trap — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage 
test — Mutilated  feet — False  brides — Animal  witness  (birds) — 
Happy  marriage — Villain  Nemesis. 


O.  L.  Gronborg,  Optegneiser pa  VendelbomaL     Kobenhavn,  1884.    38 

P.  96.     No.  VI. 

"  Stifdatteren  "  (The  Step-daughter). 

Hi-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother  and  step-sisters) — Hearth 
abode— Dead  mother  help  (at  grave)— Magic  dresses  and 
equipage  from  tree  which  opens  at  command — Bagful  of  mist 
thrown  before  and  behind  heroine's  chariot — Meeting-place 
(church)— Heroine  sits  in  step-mother's  pew;  step-sisters  are 
squeezed  to  make  room  for  her — Threefold  flight — Prince  sees 
heroine  vanish  like  a  shooting  star  into  mist — Lost  shoe— Shoe 
marriage  test— -Mutilated  feet — Animal  witness  (crow) — 
Happy  marriage — (Villain  Nemesis).  Step-sisters  grow  yellow 
and  grey  with  jealousy,  and  cry  their  eyes  red,  so  that  none 
court  them. 


Prof.  Grundtvig's  Unpublished  Collections.      (From  East 

Jutland.) 

"LuDSE  Lurveh>ette"  (Lucy  Ragged-hood.) 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  mother) — Menial  heroine  (milks 
cows) — Helpful  animal  (cat)  asks  for  milk — Heroine,  thrashed 
for  having  given  it,  fears  to  do  so  third  time.  Cat  promises 
reward ;  drinks  milk,  swells,  and  pushes  off  skin  which  heroine 

c 


iiiuM  wear  —  Heroine  disgnise  (cat-skin)  —  Menial  heroine 
(kitchen-maid  at  iialacc) — Magic  dreeaes,  (.tc,  from  cat — Meet- 
ing-place (church)  —  (Two-fold  flight)  —  Lost  shoe  —  Shoe 
marriage  test  —  If utilated  feet  —  Animal  witness  (bird)  — 
Happy  marriage— Cat's  head  cul  off  and  buried  beneath  pear 
tree.     Cat  transformed  to  prince,  who  is  brother  to  king. 


Ibid.    (From  East  lutland.) 
'•Den  hvide  Hund",  el  "  i'uT  I  Crvtie"  (The  While  Dog, 

Hl-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Menial  heroine — Dog- 
aidL  Uog  will  do  her  work  if  heroine  will  promisi:  him  her  two 
sons— Magic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church)  — (i.)  Heroine's 
ncck-kerchief  stolen;  {;.)  gold  apple  dropt ;  (3.)  Lost  shoe — 
Shoe-marriage  test  —  Mutilated  foot  —  Happy  marriage  — 
Heroine  bears  two  boys  ;  beggar  appears  to  comfort  her.  He  has 
seen  three  boys  coming  from  barrow,  heard  them  say  their  father 
will  get  two  new-born  babes,  unless  their  mother  says  to  him, 
"  Shame  00  you,  you  red  '  Put-into-Pot'."  Dog  comes,  heroine 
s[ieaks  the  words  :  he  flies  into  flints  and  [lolsherds.  Beggar 
remains  with  heroine. 

IHd.      (From  East  Jutland.) 
"Den  Ijlle  Handske"  (The  Little  Glove). 
Ill-treated  Heroine  (by  u'yiy  si^tL-r)— Dwarf  Aid— Magic  Dresses 
—Meeting-place    (church)- Threefold    Flight— Lost    Glove- 
Glove  marriage  test— Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.  (From  West  Jutland.* 
"AsKEi'or"  (Pot  of  Ashes). 
ni-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Hearth  abode — HelpfU 
animal  (dog)  sweeps  for  heroine  ;  sends  her  to  lime-tree  which 
gives  Magic  dresses,  etc. — Meeting-place  fchurch)~Threefold 
flight — Sicp-molhcr  has  (i)  garden-wall,  (J)  peat-heap,  (3)  bake- 
house demolished,  because  heroine  pretends  to  have  had  look 
out  thtnce — Pitch  taip  —Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage  teat— Muti- 
lated feet — Animal  witness  (birds)— Happy  mairiage. 


A. — Cinderella.  19 

Ibid.     (From  West  Jutland.)  43 

"  Guldskoen"  (The  Golden  Shoe). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother  and  step-siBters) — Hearth 
abode — Tasks,  to  separate  pease  from  boiling  water ;  performed 
without  aid— Help  at  grave  of  Dead  Mother — Magic  dresses — 
Meeting-place  (wedding)— Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — 
Mutilated  feet  (step-sisters*) — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid,     (From  Zealand.)  44 

"  Mette  TR>EHiETTE"  (Woodcn-hood). 

• 

Heroine  persuades  widowed  father  to  marry  her  school-mis- 
tress— Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother)— Help  at  grave — 
Two-eyed  step-sister  put  to  sleep  by  magic  formula;  two  white 
doves  from  the  altar  feed  heroine.  Three-eyed  step-sister  spies 
on  heroine ;  third  eye  remains  awake.  Heroine  shut  up  ;  escapes 
to  grave  ;  mother  gives  her  wooden  dress,  small  box,  and  Helpful 
ftnfm«.1  (red  calf) — Heroine  flight  on  calf  through  silver,  golden, 
diamond  forests ;  a  leaf  from  each  is  transformed  to  magic 
dresses.  They  fight  and  overcome  wild  men  and  animals  and 
reach  golden  castle — Menial  heroine  (servant) — Water,  boots, 
towel  thrown  at  heroine — Little  black  dog  in  box.  Helpful 
animal  -Meeting  place  (church) — Token  objects  named — 
Threefold  flight — Pitch  trap— Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test 
—Happy  marriage. 


Ibid,     (From  Zealand.)  45 

"  Den  LILLE  RODE  Kalv"  (The  Little  Red  Calf). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Menial  heroine  (tends 
cattle)— Helpful  animal  (red  calf)  Ear  cornucopia  (green  leaf 
behind  ear  produces  food) — Heroine  watched  ;  shut  up ;  escapes 
— Heroine  flight  on  red  calf  through  [copper],  silver,  gold  forests. 
Calf  fights  and  twice  overcomes  another  calf  because  heroine  is 
silent ;  third  time  calf  is  killed  because  heroine  speaks.  Heroine 
lays  green  leaf  on  stone  outside  palace  as  instructed  by  calf — 
ICenial  heroine  (kitchen  maid)— Magic  dresses  from  stone— 

c  3 


to  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS, 

Ueeting-place — Kiny  throws  water,  towel,  comb  at  licroine^ 
Token  objects  named-Lost  shoe  (it  is  stolen  hy  king's  order) 
^-Slioe  marriage-test— Happy  marriage. 

Ji'id.  (From  Zealand) 
"  Hasselbkoueh"  ( Hazel -brother). 
ni-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother  and  step-HiBter)— Serving- 
man  offers  gift  from  fair  ;  heroine  asks  for  whatever  knocks  his 
hat  He  bnngs  ha/el-lwig,  which  heroine  calls  her  brother,  and 
loses  in  well,  (i)  Three  lap-dogs  from  well,  (a)  four  lap-dogs, 
(3)  five  lap-dogs  give  Magic  diessea — Ueeting-place  (chm-ch) — 
(Threefold  flight] -Barn  and  church-watl  pulled  down,  because 
hcroinu  has  spied  thence—Lost  shoe,  and  a  flap  of  cloak — 
Shoe  marriage  test  —Mutilated  foot— Animal  witness  (crow) — 
Happy  marriage. 

lliid.  (From  N.  Sleswick.) 
"Mette  Skindkjole"  (Mette  Skin-gown), 
IU-treat«d  heroine  (by  step-mother)— Hearth  abode— Help  at 
grave.  Heroine  to  strike  certain  tree  with  white  stick  and  gel 
all  she  wiiihcs— Magic  dreases— Meeting-place  (church)^ Three* 
fold  flight— Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test— Mutilated  feet- 
Animal  witness  (bird)— Happy  marriage. 

Ibid,     (From  Zealand.) 
"  Hanln  01;  HoNEN  DER  {liK  Til.  Things"  (ITjc  Cock  and 

Hen  who  went  to  the  Judge), 
l^dy  wishes  to  be  present  at  trial,  but  cannot  cross  bridge ; 
promises  what  is  carried  beneath  girdle,  and  throws  bunch  of 
keys  into  water.  She  bears  son  ;  witch  claims  him  ;  fetches  him 
when  grown  up  ;  sets  him  tasks,  which  are  ijerformed  with  aid  of 
witch's  daughter.  They  escape  from  witch  together.  Obstacles 
to  pursuit.  Boy  returns  to  parents  ;  witch's  daughter  puts  grain 
of  oblivion  in  his  mouth -Meeting-place  (church) —Lost  shoe- 
Boy  wants  to  matt)'  owner  of  shoe.  She  is  sen-ant  in  his  parents 
house  -  Shoe  marriage  test    Happy  marriage 


A. — CINDERELLA.  21 

Hagen,   wo^i  TtTJL^  Erzdhlungen  und  Mdrchen,      Prenzlau,  1825.    49 

Vol.  ii,  pp.  339-43- 
"  The  Three  Sisters." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  mother  and  Bisters)— Tasks  (sorting) — 
Task-performing  animal  (white  dove) — ^Magic  dresses  from 
willow-tree — Chmxh  (not  as  meeting-place)— Lost  shoe — Shoe 
marriage  test— Mutilated  feet— False  brides— Animal  witness 
(dog) — Happy  marriage — Garden-trees  follow  heroine  to  new 
home. 


Hahn,  Griechische  und  Albanesische  Mdrchen,     Leipzic,  1864.    50 

Story  No.  II.     Vol.  i,  p.  70. 

"  Aschenputtel." 

Spinning  by  mother  and  three  daughters  for  wager.  First  who 
drops  spindle  to  lie  eaten  by  others — Elder  sisters  kill  and  eat 
mother — Weeping  heroine  sits  on  dirty  saddle  under  henroost — 
Collects  bones ;  buries  them  near  hearth — Ill-treated  heroine  (by 
sisters) — Grave  help — Bones  transformed  to  coins  and  Magic 
dresses — Meeting-place  (church)  —  Threefold  flight — Heroine 
scatters  coins  to  detain  pursuers — Lost  Shoe — Shoe  marriage 
test — Happy  marriage — Heroine,  after  birth  of  child,  put  into 
chest  by  sisters  and  flung  into  river — Imbecile  woman  finds  and 
opens  chest ;  runs  away  from  heroine — Magical  castle  obtained 
by  prayers,  removable  at  will — Spoons  and  forks,  etc.,  come,  and 
table  spreads  itself  at  command — Speaking  furniture,  etc. — 
Hunting  prince  comes  to  castle.  Spoon  stolen  by  him  leads  to 
explanations  and  recognition  of  heroine.    Villain  Nemesis. 


Imbriani,  La  Novellaja  Fiorentina^  republished  with  La  JNovtllaja    51 
Milanese,     Livorno,  1877.     No.  XI,  pp.  151-157. 

"  La  Cenerentola." 

(N.B.  Heroine  is  not  ill-treated  ;  she  prefers  Hearth  abode  and 
refuses  to  go  to  ball  v^ith  sisters) — Gifts  chosen  from  father  ; 
heroine  asks  for  bird  Verdelio — Bird  aid — Magic  dresses — 
Meeting-place  (ball) — Heroine  gives  presents  to  sisters  and 
father — Three-fold  flight — (i)  Money,  (2)  sand,  thrown  at  pur- 


22  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 

suers.      Third  time  heroine  has  nothing  to  throw  and  is  tracked fl 
home— LoBt  Bhoe— Shoe  marriage  test — Father  at  first  refuses 
to  produce  heroine,   who  is  smutty — The  jingling  of  her   gold  j 
rhains  mistaken  for  noise  of  fire-irons — Happy  marriage. 

IvE,  Dr.  Antonio,  Saggi  di  Diaktla  Rd'ipiesi.     Trieste,  i 

Pp.  S4-58. 

"El  Pumo  dr  Uoro  e  la  Con^ai;IENara"  (The  Golden  Apple  | 
and  the  Cinder-girl). 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  mother  and  elder  sister) ^Hearth 
abode— Tasks,  spimung — Task-performing  animal  (goat)^ 
Sister  spies  -  Slaying  of  helpful  animal—  Heroine  washes  en- 
trails of  goat;  finds  golden  apple — Magic  dresses  (from  apple- 
tree  )^Meeting-place  (ball)— Threefold  flight— Lost  shoe  -Shoe  \ 
[marriage]  test    Mutilated  foot— Happy  marriage. 


53    Jakrhuchfiir  Rontanisihe  und  Eagiiuhe  LiUralur.    Leipzig,  1870. 
Vol.   xi,   pp.  354-57.      "Cypriscbe  Miirchen,"  tiauslated   by 
Licbrecht   from  3rd   vol.  of  Kun-zcaKO,  by    Athanasius  Sakel- 
larios  (=-  Legrand,  ConUs  pop.  Grecs,      Paris,  i88i,      Pp,  95-  ' 
100,  "  Cendrillon"). 

"  AscHi 
Elder  sisters,  jealous  of  youngest,  contrive  mother's  death.    AH  j 
spin  on   roor  of  house:  first  to  break  thread  to  be  killed  and  I 
eaten.     Mother  breaks  thread  three  times:  is  eaten  by  sistere.  1 
Heroine  collects  bones  as  bidden,  and  smokes  them  for  forty 
days— (Eevivified  bones) — Magic  dresses-  Meeting-place  (wed- 
ding)—Lost  shoe  -  Shoe  marriage  test- Happy  marriage— After 
wedding,  heroine  returns  to  fetch  ire.isure  (=  transformed  bones) 
and  gives  share  of  it  to  sisters. 

1    VliK  KAH.*jrcH.  StH'ian  Folk-talis.     Berlin,  1854.     No.  XXXII. 

"ASCHENZUTTEL." 

White-bearded  old  man  warns  cattle-lending  maidens,  who  s 
spinning,  against  dropping  spindle  into  pit.     Heroine  drops  hers,  I 
transforming  mother  into  cow.    Ill*treated  heroine  (by  stap-  I 


A. — CINDERELLA.  23 

mother) — Task  (spinning) — Transformed  mother  help — Spy  on 
heroine — Slaying  of  helpful  animal — Eating  taboo — Bevivified 
bones — Help  at  grave — Menial  heroine,  called  Aschenzuttel — 
Task  (grain-sorting) — Task-performing  animals  (white  doves) 
— ^Magic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold  flight — 
Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Animal  witness  (cock)  reveals 
heroine  under  trough — Happy  marriage. 


Khudyakov,  Velikorusskiya  Skazku     Moscow,  i860.     Part  I,       55 
p.  51.     No.  XV.      (Taken  down  at  Kasan.) 

"Zamarashka"  (A  Dirty  Person). 

Gifts  from  father — [Ill-treated  heroine] — Hearth  abode — 
Fairy-godmother  aid — Heroine  dresses  Hke  sisters ;  fairy  wand 
produces  equipage  —  Meeting-place  (ball) — Twofold  flight — 
Pitch  trap — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  feet — 
Happy  marriage. 


Kletke,  MdrchensaaL    Berlin,  1845.     Vol.  i,  pp.  149-63.  58 

"  FiNETTK   ASCHENBRODEL." 

King  and  queen,  poor,  plan  to  desert  three  daughters — Youngest, 
overhearing,  gets  clue  of  thread  from  Fairy  god-mothar,  and  leads 
sisters  home  —Second  time  she  gets  sack  of  ashes  and  Magic 
dresses  (afterwards  stolen  by  sisters).  Third  time  sisters  make 
trail  of  grain,  which  birds  eat.  Tree  grows  from  acorns  planted  by 
heroine;  she  mounts  it  to  spy ;  sees  house  to  which  they  travel. 
One-eyed  cannibal  giant  and  giantess  put  to  death  by  heroine's 
device — Ill-treated  heroine  (by  elder  sisters) — ^Menial  heroine — 
Heroine  finds  gold  key  in  ashes ;  it  opens  chest  containing  Magic 
dresses— Meeting-place  (ball)— Fli^t  (manifold)— Lost  shoe- 
Lovesick  prince  —  Shoe  marriage  test  —  Magic  steed  takes 
heroine  to  palace  ~Father*s  restoration  task — Happy  marriage 
— Sisters  marry  princes. 


CINDERELLA  VARI 


O.  KoLBERC,  Zr/-/.  A'«V/«AiV.     Cracow,    1885-1886,     Vol.  li. 

pp.  239-241. 

"The  Mvstkrioos  I.adv  of  thk  FiR-THF.t.." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Heni&I  heroine  (tends 

cattle)  —  Fir-tree-lady    aid  —  Magic    dreaees  —  Meeting-place 

(church)— Threefold  flight— Heruine  throws  sdap  and  threads  to 

make    mist^Pitch    trap --Lost    shoe — Shoe   marriage   test — 

Heroine  hidden  on  stablu-roof— Animal  witneBS  (cock)- -[Story 

branches  off  into  another.J 

O.   KoLBEBG,  Lud.    Radomikit.     Cracow,     1887-1888.     Vol.    ii, 
pp.  172-175.     (Taken  down  near  to  Opatiw,  at  Grocholice.) 

"  The  Princkss  with  the  Pigskin  Cloak." 
Hi-treated  heroine  (by  queen  step-mother,  because  mirror  says 
shu-  is  the  more  beautiful)  Task  (grain-florting) — Task-perform- 
ing pigeons— Magic  dresses  from  treasure-oak^Meeting-place 
(church)— [Twofold  flight]— Slep-moiher  orders  death  of  heroine. 
Servants  delude  queen  with  dog's  heart,  and  finger  of  corpse  with 
heroine's  ring  on  it — Pigeons  give  magic  ball,  which  conducts 
heroine  to  treasure-oak— Virgin  aid— Menial  heroine  (swineherd) 
— Heroine  disguise  (pigskins)— Meeting-place  (church)^  Prince 
passing  swine  drops  (1)  ring,  {1)  stick  ;  heroine  restorus  lioth,  and 
tie  strikes  her — Fourfold  flight — Pitch  trap — Lost  shoe — Shoe 
marriage  test  Token  objects  named— Happy  marriage— 
Villain  Nemesis- -Queen  faints  on  learning  from  mirror  that 
tiiere  lives  a  woman  mote  lovely  than  herself. 


I 


E.  T.   Kristlnsen,  Daiiskt  FolketrmtUvr.     Vil»rg.  1888. 

No.  Vni,  p.  57. 

"  Df.n  LILLE  GuLDSKo"  (The  Little  Golden  Shoe). 

Hl-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) —Menial  heroine  (herds   ■ 

cattle) — Helpful  animal  (red  boll)- Ear  cornucopia — Flight  of  1 

heroine  on  bull^Copper,  silver,  gold  forests  traversed.     Spile  of  | 

warning,   heroine  l>reaks  iwig:    bull  fights  (i)  copper-buU;    (j)  j 

silver  bull ;  (3)  is  slain  by  gold  bull.     Heroine  preser^-es  bull's  [ 

right  ear,  which  will  give  all  she  wishes— Menial  heroine  (kitchen- 


A. — CINDERETXA.  25 

maid) — Token  objects :  (i)  water,  (2)  comb,  (3)  towel — Magic 
dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold  flight — Lost  shoe 
(golden) — Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  feet — ^Animal  witness 
(bird) — Heroine  in  gold  dress,  and  gold  carriage,  etc.,  demands 
shoe — Happy  marriage. 


E.  T.   Kristensen,  Efterslat  HI  Skattegraveren^  1890.     P.  144,    60 
No.  107.     (From  the  Danish  Island  of  Falster.) 

"  Guldskgen"  (The  Golden  Shoe). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Good  luck  will  befall 
anyone  passing  night  in  church — Stepsister  sent,  well  supplied 
with  food,  which  she  refuses  to  share  with  hen  and  chickens  ;  is 
terrified  and  chastised  by  apparition — Heroine  sent  with  poor 
fare,  which  she  shares  with  hen  and  chickens ;  apparition  shows 
her  hidden  treasure — Shoe  marriage  test — Shoe  is  kept  in  royal 
family  for  the  purpose— Mutilated  feet— [Animal  witness].  Bird 
counsels  step-sister  to  cut  foot — Happy  marriage — Hidden  trea- 
sure is  heroine's  dowry. 


Kristensen,  ^'j>&^  Folkeminder^  vol.  v,  p.  45.    Story  No.  V.       61 

"  Den  LILLE  GuLDSKo"  (The  Little  Gold  Shoe). 

Dying  father  distributes  his  property  :  eldest  daughter  gets 
farm  ;  second,  cash ;  youngest  daughter,  a  little  dog  and  lime-tree 
in  garden — Ill-treated  heroine  (by  mother  and  sisters)— HelpM 
animal  (dog)  sweeps  floor,  cleanses  tubs,  stirs  pot  —  Magic 
dresses  from  lime  tree;  (i)  mourning-dress,  black  coach  and 
horses,  (2)  white  ditto,  ditto,  (3)  yellow  dress  and  equipage,  gold 
ring,  diadem  and  shoes — Meeting-place  (church)  —  Three-fold 
flight — Pitch  trap  (suggested  by  swineherd  whom  prince  strikes 
for  interference) — ^Lost  shoe  (and  ring) — Shoe  (and  ring)  mar- 
riage tests — Mutilated  feet ;  tobacco  leaf  on  wounds— -False 
brides — ^Animal  witness  (magpie) — Happy  marriage — Lime-tree 
and  dog  taken  to  palace. 


E.  T.  Krfstensex,  ^iA«  Folkeminder.     jiiventyr  fra  Jylland, 
Kobenhavn,  1881.     No.  VI,  pp.  51-5;. 

"  AsKEVBASKEX.  itEK  Bi.EV   Ukomning"  (Askenbaskuii,    who 
became  Queen). 

Ql^treftted  beroine  (by  etep-mother) — Hearth  abode—  Heroine 
called '■  Askenbasken '■  (louse  of  the  ashes)^Gifls  for  daughltrs 
from  father  ;  heroine  chooses  rose-tree  and  planm  it  on  mother's 
grave.  White  dove  sits  in  tree— Tasks  (gram-aorting;— Help  at 
grave — Taflk-performing  animalB  (white  dove  and  other  birds)— 
Hagic  dresBes— Meetmg-place(ball  I — Threefold  flight— Heroine 
wears  galoshes  over  gold  shoes— Lost  shoe-  Shoe  marriage  test 
— Mutilated  feet  (siep-sisiers') — Animal  witness  (dove)— Happy 
marri^e-  Villain  Nemesis ;  dove  pecks  out  step-sisters'  eyes  on 
wedding  day. 

63    K,  T,  Kristensen's  Unpublished  Collection.    (Narrated  bylnger 
Katrine  Pedersdatler,  on  Hestbaek  Mark,  Jutland.) 

"  PiSK-l-AsKE." 

XU-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother)  -  Hearth  abode— Strange 
man  aid  Heroine  promises  lo  give  her  Urat.  bccond.  and  third 
<:hildren  lo  stranye  man  in  exchange  for  Uagic  dreBSea  -Meeting- 
place  (church)  -Threefold  flight — Lost  shoe^Shoe  marriage 
test — Mutilated  feet  of  stocking^ksaiaaX  witness  (crow)— 
Happy  marriage — Strange  man  would  claim  heroine's  children  ; 
she  repeats  words  taught  her  by  beggar,  who  has  overheard  them  ; 
strange  man  flies  into  flints — Beggar  rewarded. 


I 


Ibid.  (Narrated  by  Meltc  Tailors,  Sutidby,  Jutland.) 
"  Pisk-i-Aske"  (Whip  in  the  Ashes). 
ni-treated  heroine  (by  step-tnother)— Dead  mother  help  at 
grave— Tasks  (to  gather  pease  from  ashes) — Task-performing 
doves^Magic  dresses,  from  under  flagsione  in  stable-Meeting- 
place  (church)— Twofold  flight— Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage 
test — Heroine  wears  rags  over  matie  dress  -Happy  marriage. 


A. — CINDERELLA.  2^ 

Ibid.     (Narrated  by  Mr.  Knudsen,  Teacher,  Heldum,  Jutland.)      65 

"  Guldskoen"  (The  Golden  Shoe). 

Dying  father  divides  inheritance  between  elder  daughters ; 
heroine  gets  only  a  white  dog — Ill-treated  heroine  (by  elder 
sisters) — Helpful  animal  (dog)  works  for  heroine;  provides 
Magic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold  flight — 
Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  feet — ^Animal  wit- 
ness (crows) — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid,     (Narrated  by  Birthe  Marie  Nielsdatter,  Jutland.)  06 

"  Fedte-Meite"  (Greasy  Matty). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  widowed  step-mother) ;  outcast — Old 
woman  aid — Heroine  herds  sheep  for  old  woman ;  sits  darning 
rags  on  hill ;  prince  passes  and  questions  her ;  she  replies  as 
directed  by  old  woman — Heroine  receives  three  grains  of  linseed 
ks  wages ;  sent  to  castle — Menial  heroine  (scullion  at  castle) — 
Magic  dresses  procured  by  throwing  linseed  grains  over  head — 
Meeting-place  (church)  —  Twofold  flight — ^Lost  shoe — Shoe 
marriage  test — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.     (Narrated  by  Maria  Vind,  Hornum,  Jutland.)  Q7 

"  Tahier-Tahaer." 

English  princess,  an  orphan,  is  confined  by  grandmother  in 
high  tower,  because  of  her  extreme  beauty.  Foreign  princes  try 
in  vain  to  see  her.  Spanish  prince  lodges  opposite  tower ;  pro- 
vides himself  wings,  and  visits  heroine.  Suspicious  grandmother 
sticks  needles  and  awls  in  window-sill ;  prince  wounded,  loses 
nine  drops  of  blood ;  returns  to  Spain  in  dudgeon — Heroine 
escapes ;  journeys  to  Spain ;  hears  three  animals  outside  king's 
palace  relating  how  palace  may  be  entered,  how  magic  wishing- 
rod  may  be  obtained,  how  sick  king  may  be  restored — Menial 
heroine  (scullion  at  palace);  pretends  to  be  half-witted:  puts 
the  nine  drops  of  blood,  three  at  a  time,  in  eel-soup  for  sick  king. 
He  b  cured — Heroine  carries  ewer,  towel,  and  comb  to  king — 


Slagic  dresses — Heeting-place  (church)— Token  objects  named 
— Threefold  flight — Lost  boot — Boot  marriage  test- -Heroine 
appears  in  English  costume  ;  recot^nition — Happy  marriage. 


Landes,  Contes  et  Ihgtndts  aisnamim.  No.  XXII.  (See  Cosquin 
op.  iil.,  ii,  359.) 
Fishing  competition  to  decide  priority  of  heroine  (Cam)  and 
step-sister  (Tarn),  Cam's  fish  stolen  by  Tam.  Gtfnio  befriends 
hL-roine  :  bids  her  put  remaining  fi-sh  in  well  and  feed  it — (Slay- 
ing of  helpful  animal). — Siep-mother  cooks  fish— Helpful  animal 
(cock)  asks  heroine  for  three  grains  of  rice  :  gives  her  fishbones, 
which,  placed  at  fl^nie's  bidding  at  comers  of  bed,  magically  pro- 
duce clothes  and  shoes,  (Hevivified  bonea)— Magic  dreBsea — 
Lost  shoe,  carried  by  crow  to  prince's  palace — Shoe  marriage 
test^Task,  grain-sorlii^ — TaBk-performing  auimale  (pigeons) 
SL-nt  by  ticnii- — Happy  maiTiage  Villain  NemesiBr— Sicp-sisicr 
plunges  into  boiling  walcr.  hoping;  !o  bucome  beautiful  as  heroine 
—Heroine  salts  flesh  and  gives  it  step-mother  lo  eat.  Animal 
witness,  crow  on  tree,  reveals  canniljalism. 


[.ANDKS,  Conies  Tjames.      Saigon,  1887,      No.  X,  pp,  79-93. 
"  Kajonc  and  HaL(EK." 

Fishing  competition  to  decide  priority  of  Haloek  or  foster-sister 
Kajong.  Halcek  steals  heroine's  fish.  Heroine  puti;  one  fish  in 
well  ;  shares  her  rice  with  it  daily — Heroine  tends  goats— (Slay- 
ing of  helpful  animal).  Haluek  cooks  and  eats  fish— Help  in 
dream:  fish  bids  heroine  burj'  its  bones  at  cross-roads— (Revivified 
bonee)— They  turn  into  gold  shoes.  Crow  carries  off  one  (Lost 
shoe)  and  drops  it  at  palace;  King  finds  it.  Heroine  keeps 
fellow  shoe-  Shoe  marriage  test— Hl-treated  heroine  (ty  foster- 
mother  and  Bister)— Task  (to  disentangle  thread)  -Task-per- 
forming animals  (ants  )-Task(grain-eorting)— Task-performing 
animals  (birds,  and  various  insects) — Heroine  goes  to  palace: 
IS  liniid,  and  hide.s  ;  is  brought  forth,  and  shoe  tits  her — Happy 
Uarriage  —  l'"oster-mothcr  begs  King  to  spate  bride  for  a  few 
days;  takes  her  home;    ill-lreat;^  her — Halcek   makes  heroine   | 


I 


A. — CINDERELLA.  2g 

climb  palm  to  pick  cocoa-nuts ;  cuts  palm  down,  throwing  heroine 
into  lake.  Heroine  transformed  into  golden  turtle — Mother  takes 
HaUek  to  marry  King — King  finds  gold  turtle ;  pets  it — Haloek 
cooks  and  eats  turtle,  throwing  away  carapace,  which  turns  into 
bamboo  shoot.  King  finds  it  and  cares  for  it — Halcek  eats 
bamboo.  The  peel  turns  into  bird,  which  comes  at  King's  call — 
Halcek  eats  bird.  Feathers  turn  into  tnoekya  tree — Old  woman 
picks  up  its  one  fruit  and  takes  it  home.  Kajong  comes  out  of 
fruit  and  provides  all  kinds  of  food  against  old  woman's  return. 
Old  woman  hides,  and  discovers  Kajong,  who  bids  her  invite 
King  to  feast.  King  thinks  cakes  like  Kajong's— She  appears 
before  him — They  return  to  palace — Haloek  dismayed,  feigns 
joy — Villain  Nemesis — She  plunges  into  boiling  water,  hoping  to 
become  beautiful  as  heroine.  Her  flesh  is  salted  and  sent  to 
mother,  who  eats  nearly  all  before  finding  hand  with  Haloek's 
ring. 


Emile   LECJRAiND,  Rccucil  de   Contes  populaires    GrecL      Paris, 
t88i.     (From  Cyprus;  by  Athanasios  Sakellarios.)    Pp.  95-100. 

"Cendrillon." 
(See  No.  53.) 


A.   Leskien  und  K.  Brugman,  Litauischc  Volkslieder  und  Mar-    70 
chen^   aus   dem  preussischen    und  dem   russischen    Litauen. 
Strassburg,  1882.     Pp.  447-450.    No.  XXV.     (From  Moravia; 
Vrdna's  Collection.) 

"VON    DEM    MaDCHEN    DAS    EINE    HeXE   ZUR    StIEFMUTTER 

HATTE." 

ni-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother)— Menial  heroine  (minds 
cows) — Tasks  (spinning) — ^Dead  mother  help  at  grave — Task- 
performing  animal  (cow) — Spy  on  heroine.  One-eyed  step- 
sister and  two-eyed  step-sister  sent  to  sleep  by  hairdressing. 
Three-eyed  step-sister  sees  with  third  eye — Slaying  of  helpful 
animal — Heroine  washes  paunch  ;  finds  therein  ring,  barley-corn, 
and  oat,  which  she  plants.  Magic  well  and  magic  tree.  Only 
heroine  can  draw  the  wine  and  pick  apples  for  prince,  who  will 
wed  her.     Heroine  shut  up;  witch  dresses  own  daughter  for 


CINDERELLA  V 


wedding.  She  cannot  vtear  Shoes  prince  sends— Mutilated  feet 
--False  bride— Animal  witnesB  (bird  —  transformed  heroine)— 
Happy  marriage. 


LuzEL,  Contes  populairti  d<  Basse-Brtlasni. 
Vol,  Hi,  pp.  1,14-166. 


"Le  Ch. 


Noi 


ni-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother)— Uenial  heroine  (tends 
cow)— [Slaying  of  helpful  animal].  Step-mother  kills  pel  cow- 
Gold  ehoes  found  in  cow- — Heroine  shut  up  in  turret — Prince 
comes  for  heroine — Mutilated  feet — False  bride- -Animal  wit- 
ness (pet  dog)--False  bride  returned— Stepmother  consults 
witch  ;  gives  black  cat  to  heroine  to  eat,  but  she  does  not  die — 
Father  and  heroine  resolve  to  cross  sea  ;  step-mother  pushes  boat 
off  with  heroine  only— She  lands  at  desert  island;  bears  black 
cat,  which  swims  to  port,  and  steals  provisions  for  mother 
from  Mr.  Rio.  On  second  occasion  cat  is  detected,  attacks  Mr. 
Rio ;  in  return  for  provisions  warns  him  of  plot  to  murder 
him.  Rio  counterplots  ;  lover  murders  his  rival  instead.  Rio 
accused  and  led  to  scaffold.  Black  cat  denounces  murderess, 
who  is  executed.  Heroine  to  marry  Mr.  Rio  ;  cat  steals  dresses 
for  her ;  fetches  her  in  boat— Happy  marriage-  Visit  to  heroine's 
kinsfolk — Black  cat  has  combat  with  witch ;  vomits  (ire,  and 
consumes  her.  Treats  step-mother  similarly.  Bids  Mr.  Rio  cut 
him  open ;  beautiful  prince  springs  forth,  a  great  magician. 


I   72    Maspons  V  Labros,  Lo  Hondallayrt.     Quentos   populars  Cata- 
lans.    Barcelona,  1S71-    Part  I,  pp,  91-94.     No,  XX. 


"  I,A  VKitTAFoCHs"  (The  Fire-bloi 


'0- 


Ill-treated  heroine  fby  step-mother  and  step-sisters) — Hearth 
abode-  Tasks  (ir.  pick  ciinary  seed,  shell  beans,  pick  rice)— 
Task-performing  old  woman  Mt^c  dresses  (in  almond,  filbert, 
w.iiniii)  -Meeting-places  (chvjrch,  promenade,  bail)  -Threefold 
flight-  Lost  shoe  -Shoe  marriage  test    Happy  marriage. 


I 


A. — CINDERELLA.  Jl 

Maurer,  Islandische  Volkssagen,    Leipzig,  i860.     Pp.  281-82.      73 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Lost  shoe — Shoe  mar- 
riage test— Mutilated  feet — Animal  witness  (birds)— Happy 
marriage. 

(Note. — Story  resembles  Arnason's  "Story  of  Mjadveig",  but  is 
incomplete.) 


Meier,  Deutsche  Volksmdrchen  aus  Schwaben,     No.  IV.  74 

Pp.  16-20. 

"  ASCHENGRITTEL." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother  and  yonneer  step-sisters) 
— Hearth  abode — Menial  heroine — Task,  grain-sorting — Gifts 
chosen  by  three  daughters  from  father.  Heroine  chooses  twig — 
Help  (at  well) — Dwarf  gives  magic  wand — Magic  dresses — 
Meeting-place  (ball) — Threefold  flight — Pitch-trap — Lost  shoe 
— Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  feet — Happy  marriage. 


Meier,  op.  cit.      No.  XLIII.     Pp.  154-58.  75 

"  Eschenfidle." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  mother  and  sifter) — Menial  heroine — 
Hearth  abode — Help  Cat  tree) — Dwarf  teaches  magic  formula — 
Magic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — ^Flight  (sixfold)— 
Pitch-trap — ^Lost  phoe — 8ho4)  marriage  test — ^Mutilated  foot, 
{not  sister's) — Happy  marriage. 


Madame  Csedomille  Mijatovics,  Serbian  Folk-lore.     London, 

1874.     Pp.  59-66. 

"  Papalluc.a  ;  or,  The  Golden  Slipper." 

(See  Denton,  No.  31.) 


CINDERELLA  VARtANTS. 

FoNTANALS,     Ohstrvamnts    snbr(    la    fwsia  popular, 

(Wolf,   Proben  portu^skher  und  calalaiiischer  Volks- 

en,  1856,  p.  43.) 

"l.A  Cemcienta." 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  Btep-mother)— Tasks.  ( 1 )  to  shell  sack 
of  millet  and  sack  of  Iwans,  (3)  lo  ck'anse  sack  of  ric^— Saint 
aid— Magic  dreeEes  from  almond,  from  mil- -Meeting-place,  (1) 
mass,  (2)  ball— Flight— Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test^Eappy 
marriage. 


I'ruk.  Moi-rKK  Moe's  Unpublished  Colleclion.     (l-roiu  Oslre 
Moland,  near  Arendal.) 

"  FjM-l-uuBA"  (Suble-SIut). 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  Btep-mother)— Stable  abode — Old 
woman  aid  —Magic  dresses  from  treasure-tree — Heroine  bidden 
to  drink  the  milk  of  a  certain  l»lack  cow,  to  get  good  complexion. 
Singing  birds  sit  on  her  shoulders — Meeting-place  (church)— 
Threefold  flight  Lost  shoe  Shoe  marriage  test-  Mutilated 
foot    False  bride     Animal  witness  (bird)    Happy  marriage. 


Jbid.  (Krum  Bo,  Theiemarken.j 
"  K«i.Li)OTTEKA"  (The  Old  Man's.  Daughter) 
ni-treated  heroins  (by  step-mother) -Menial  heroine  (herds 
caltk-)  Heroini;  shares  her  scanty  fare  with  birds  :  receives  in 
reliirh  Magic  dresses  ;  hides  liiem  in  hollow  oak — Meeting-place 
(Church)  Threefold  flight — Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test- 
Mutilated  foot— Animal  witness  (bird)— Happy  marriage. 


Ibui.     (From  the  same  disiricL) 

"  MANDtiO'ni-KA," 

ni-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother)- Pigsiy  alwde  Hill 
woman  aid --Magic  dresses — Heroine  rides  in  magic  baskets— 
Meeting-place    (church)     Thrrafold    flight— Lost    shoe— Shoe 


A. — CINDERELLA.  33 

marriage  test — Bride  pushed  into  lake  by  step-sister — Mutilated 
foot — ^False  bride — Animal  witness  (Idrd)— ^[The  tale  passes 
into  that  of  "  Bushy-Bride".  Heroine  appears  three  Thursday 
nights  at  castle ;  is  saved  third  time  by  prince. — Happy  marriage.] 


Ibid.     (From  the  same  district.)  qq 

"  Aaskepot." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Hearth  abode — Prince 
invites  parents  and  daughters ;  heroine  not  allowed  to  go — HeljK- 
fol  animal  (bird) — Magic  dress — Meeting-place  (palace) — Lost 
shoe.  Heroine  purposely  leaves  it  behind — [Shoe  marriage  test] 
— Mutilated  foot — ^Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.     (From  Setesdalen.)  oj 

"  Kaddedotteri"  (The  Man's  Daughter). 

Spinning  competition  between  heroine  and  step-sister.  They 
sit  over  a  well  Heroine  finishes  first,  and  sinks  down  into  green 
meadow.  Heroine  rewarded;  step-sister  punished  (toads  from 
mouth) — Ill-treated  heroine  (by  stejMnother) — Menial  heroine 
(cleans  stable) — Task  (to  gather  peas  from  ashes) — Task-per- 
forming troll — ^Magic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — Prince 
allowed  to  take  heroine's  shoe  and  knife — [Flight] — Lost  shoe — 
Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  foot — ^False  bride — AniTni^i 
witness  (bird) — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid,     (Fragment  written  down  by  Jorgen  Moe.)  82 

"  LiTA  Kjersti"  (Little  Christina). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Help  at  grave — Magic 
wand  to  touch  horns  of  ox  and  get  food  [Cornucopia] — Heroine 
speaks  magic  words^  and  enters  hill ;  finds  food,  three  horses,  and 
Magic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold  flight — ^Lost 
C^ove,  shoe,  and  ring — [Marriage  tests — Happy  marriage]. 


34  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 

83  ^i^'     (From  Bo,  in  Thelemarken,  South  Norway.) 

"  Kari  Trestakk"  (i). 

[This  story  resembles  "  Kari  Traestak"  (see  No.  30),  except  that, 
the  troll  in  the  copper  wood  has  six  horns,  in  the  silver  wood 
eight,  in  the  gold  wood  ten.    Also  there  occurs  the  magic  formula, 
"  Light  before,  dark  behind,  etc."] 


84  Ibid,     (From  the  same  place.) 

"Kari  Trestakk"  (2). 

Parents  die,  leaving  baking-pan  and  cat.  Boy  takes  former ; 
heroine  takes  cat — Menial  heroine  (at  palace) — Helpful  animal 
(cat)  catches  venison;  buys  Magic  dresses — Meeting-place 
(church) — Threefold  flight — Lost  whip  and  handkerchief,  and 
Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Happy  marriage. 


85  Ibid,    (From  the  same  place.) 

"Kari  Trestakk"  (3). 

Heroine  sets  out  into  the  world  with  Magic  dresses — Helpfiil 
animal  (ox) — Heroine  cuts  off  its  head,  transforming  it  into 
horse  for  her  to  ride — Heroine  disguise  (wooden  dress) — Menial 
heroine  (at  palace) — [Continuation  like  "  Kari  Traestak*'  (No.  30)]. 


86  ^id^    (From  the  same  place.) 

"Kari  Trestakk"  (4). 

Menial  heroine  (at  palace) — Wooden  dress  worn  out  of  poverty 
— Heroine  carries  water  to  king ;  he  throws  it  over  her ;  she  is 
sent  to  rivulet  for  more;  catches  fish,  sets  it  free,  receiving  as 
reward  gold  horse  and  saddle,  and  Magic  dress — Meeting-place 
(chnrch)— Fli^^t — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test— Mutilated 
foot  (not  step-sister's) — False  bride — Animal  witness  (bird) — 
Happy  marriage. 


A. — CINDERELLA.  35 

Ibid,     (From  Bo  or  Hitterdal,  in  Thelemarken.)  87 

"  Sjukdottera"  (dialect  =  The  Step-Daughter). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (hy  step-mother) — Tasks  (grain-sorting 
from  ashes) — Task-performing  hirds — Help  at  grave  of  dead 
mother — Angel  gives  Magic  dress — Meeting-place  (a  place  called 
"  Vald").     [Narrator  remembered  no  more.] 


}^iMCO\\^  Slovenske  pohddky  apovisti,     Prague,  1857.  88 

Pp.  511-522.     No.  XLVIII. 

"O   POPELUSCE." 

ni-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Gifts  from  father; 
heroine  gets  branch  of  nut-tree  and  some  nuts — Task  (grain- 
sorting)  —  Heroine  drops  nuts  into  well  —  Helpful  animal 
(frog)  restores  one  containing  Magic  dress — Task-performing 
pigeons — Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold  flight — Heroine 
enveloped  in  mist — Hiding  of  dress  under  stone ;  frog  guards  it 
— Pitch  trap — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  foot 
(step-sister's) — Heroine  hidden  under  trough — Animal  witness 
(cock) — ^Happy  marriage — Pigeons,  cock,  and  heroine's  father 
accompany  her. 


CoNSiGLiERi  Pedroso,  Portuguese  Folk-tales.     No.  XVIII,        89 

pp.  75-79. 
"The  Hearth  Cat." 

Widowed  school-mistress  seeks  marriage  with  father  of  heroine. 
Iron  shoes  must  rust  to  pieces  first.  Heroine  pours  water  in 
them — ni-treated  heroine  (by  steiMnother  and  step-sister)^- 
Hearth  abode^ — Task  (to  wind  skeins) — Loaf  given  to  heroine 
which  she  must  bring  home  entire.  Cow  scoops  out  all  crumb 
with  its  horn,  leaving  crust  whole — Task-performing  animal 
(cow) — Slaying  of  helpful  animal — Golden  ball  from  cow's 
entrails  falls  into  water.  Heroine  searching  for  it  comes  to 
fairies'  house,  which  she  finds  disordered  and  tidies.  Dog  re- 
veals her.  Fairies  begift  her.  Pearls  and  gold  fall  from  ' 
mouth.    Magic  wand  will  do  her  bidding — Step-sister,  f< 


36  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 

false  instruction  of  heroine,  makes  fairy-house  untidy.  Dog 
reveals  her.  Fairies  curse  her.  Filth  falls  from  her  mouth — 
Meeting-place  (races)— Magic  dresses — Three-fold  flight — Lost 
shoe— Shoe  marriage  teat — Happy  marriage- Villain  Nemesis. 


'    90    CopJsiGLiERi  Pedroso,  Portuguese  Folk-talti  (F.-L,  Soc).      Tale 

I  No.  XXIV,  pp.  97-100. 

"  The  Maiden  and  the  Fish." 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  elder  sisters)— Nicknamed  "  Hearth- 
Cat" — Fish  caught  by  father,  pireserved  alive  by  heroine,  requests 
to  be  put  in  well ;  persuades  heroine  to  enter  well  and  conducts 
her  to  palace  at  bottom  and  gives  her  dress  for  festival — Meeting- 
place  (ball)— Flight^Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Heroine 
returns  dress  to  well.  Fish,  who  is  enchanted  prince,  asks  heroine 
to  marry  him.  When  she  consents  he  regains  human  form — Shoe 
fits  heroine,  but  she  cannot  marry  king  who  found  it.  He  is 
father  of  enchanted  prince  and  rejoices  to  hear  of  his  re-trans- 
formation and  bttrolhal  to  heroine — Happy  marriage — Villain 


Perrault. 
"Cendrillon." 
ni-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother  and  step-siBters)— Menial 
— Hearth-abode— Fairy  godmother — Transformation  of  pumpkin, 
mice,  rats,  lizard,  and  heroine's  rags- Magic  dressee— Meeting- 
place  (hall) — Three-fold  flight— Heroine  must  leave  ball  before 
midnight,  when  fairy  equipage  is  re-transformed — Lost  shoe — 
Shoe  marriage  test— Happy  marriage. 


I 


["10,  K«o«\\ifi'iiia  riu/io^iipiii,  Cootes  populaires  Grecs,  publics 
d'aprbs  les  manuscrits  du  Dr.  J.  G.  dc  Hahn,  et  annotfis  par 
Jean  Pio.     Copenhague,  1879.     No.  II,  pp.  6.9. 

"  '%apnpnicovnov\av" 

(See  No,  w.l 


— CINDERELUV. 


PiTKE,  Fiabe,  NorvlU,  e  Raeeonli  popolari  Smliani,  vol.  i.     Story    9^  I 
No.  XLI,  p.  366. 
"  La  Pecorella"  (The  Ewe), 
tU-treated  heroine  (by  step-motber) — Uenial  heroine — Help- 
ful animal  (ewe)  performs   task — Spy  on   heroine — Slaying  of 
I  helpful  animal^Eating  taboo — Kevivified  bones ;  twelve  damsels 
befriend   heroine — Magic  dresses— Ueeting-place  (ball)— Two- 
fold flight — Heroine  shakes  pearls  from  her  hair  lo  detain  pur- 
suers ;  (2)  Throws  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test— Happy  marriage. 


P 


Ittvue  Ceitii{ue,  t.  iii  (reprinted  in  Folk-Lore,  Sept.  i8go). 

"  RaSHIN   COATIE." 

Calf  given  by  dying  mother — lU-treated  heioine  (by  step- 
mother and  three  step^sisters)  ;  i:lad  in  rashin-coalie — 
Hearth  abode — Helpful  animal — Slaying  of  helpful  animal — 
Eevivified  bones — Help  at  grave  (of  animal).  Dinner  cooked  by 
calf  (=^  h.  an.  I— Magic  dresses— Meeting-place  (charch)^Three- 
fold  flight — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  feet 
(henwife's  daiighter'8)^Fal8e  bride— Animal  witnesB  (birds) — 
Happy  marriage , 


Roipntwy  i  iprawozdanta,  tie.  (Dissertations  el  comptes-rendus    ] 
des  stances   de    la   faculty   de   philolf^ie   de  I'Acad^mie  des 
Sciences   [de   Cracovie],    14   vols.,    1874-1892).     VoL   is,  pp. 
194-97.     (From  Wadowice,  near  Cracow.) 

"The  Storv  of  an  Orphan." 
Dl-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Task  (to  recover  oat- 
meal from  dust -heap  )—Htroine  grx-s  to  wu'll.  Lovely  lady  comes 
forth.  Virgin  aid — Hagic  dresses^Meeting-place  (church) — 
Threefold  flight— Heroine  enveloped  in  mist— Pitch  trap — Lost 
shoe — Prince  gives  ball  for  Shoe  marriage  test — House-to-house 
search— Heroine  hidden  under  trough — Mutilated  foot  (stej^ 
mAex's) — Animal  witness  (cock) — Happy  maniage. 


\  VARIANTS. 


95     Eero   Salmelainen,   Talts  and  Fahles  of  the   Finns,      Pari   I. 

Helsingfors,    1871.       No.   VIII,  i,  pp.  59-67,     Also   Shreck, 

Finniscfu  Mar.,  p.  63. 

"The  Wonderful  Birch." 

Ogress  changes  heroine's  mother  into  form  of  lost  sheep,  takes 
her  place,  and  kills  sheep.  Eating  tahoo.  Hevivified  boDes— 
Transformed  mother  help  —  Birch-tree  springs  from  bones. 
Tasks  (1  ic  2.)  Grain-sorting,  (3)  To  recover  spilt  milk,  per- 
formed by  sweeping  stove  crosswise  with  branch  of  birch-tree — ■ 
Or&ve  help — Uagic  dresieB — Meeting  place  (feast) — Ogress' 
daughter  kicked  when  under  table  ynawing  bones,  has,  (i)arm 
broken,  (2)  leg  broken,  (3)  eye  put  out — Threefold  flight  -Pitch- 
trap  caiohes  (i)  ring,  (a)  gold  ear-ring,  (3)  gold  shots— Hearth 
abode — Lost  shoe — Shoe  (ring  and  ear-ring)  Marriage  tests^ 
Artificial  limbs  and  eye  for  ogress'  daughter — ^Untilated  feet 
(finger  and  ear.)  Heroine  taken  with  false  bride  to  castle. 
Prince  pushes  ogress'  daughter  into  river  to  form  bridge ;  crosses 
it  with  heroine — ^Hemlock  grows  out  of  ogress'  daughter  and  is 
cut  by  ogress — Help  at  grave — ^Birch-tree  now  disappears — 
Happy  marriage — Heroine,  after  birth  of  son,  transformed  into 
reindeer  by  ogress — Substituted  bride — Reindeer  suckles  child — 
Husk,  cast  by  heroine,  burnt  by  Prince — Heroine  turns  into 
spinning  wheel,  washing-bat,  spindle,  etc..  then  becomes  human 
again — Villain  Nemesis— Ogress'  dying  curse,  origin  of  wwrms, 
snakes,  and  noxious  insects. 

I  QQ         Eero  Salmelainen,  Talts  and  Fables  of  Ikt  Finns.     Part  1. 

Helsingfors.  1871,     No.  VII,  ii,  pp.  6873. 

'■The  Marvellous  Oak." 

lU-treatei  heroine  (by  ogress-step-mother)  —  Orain-sorting 

tasks  (three-fold)— Help  at  grave  (dead  mother  bids  heroine 

strike  stove  cross-wise  with  switcii,  and  tasks  will  be  executed) 

— Ram  with  shears  on  its  horns  asks  to  be  shorn,  offering  wool 

as   reward.      Old  beggar-man  asks  to  have  his   head    searched, 

offering  staff  as  reward.     Ogress  going  to  castle  meets,  but  will 

not  help  these — Heroine  fulfils  requests  obtaining  rewards— Is 

directed  by  b^gartnan  to  strike  cross-wise,  with  switch,  oak  eon- 


y 


A. — CINDERKLL.\.  39 


tainmg  treasures  and  horse — Magic  dresses — Heroine  rides  to 
castle ;  not  recognised  at  feast.—?  Meetmg-plaoe  (castle) — Ogress' 
daughter  kicked  when  under  table  gnawing  bones,  (i)  loses  an 
eye;  (2)  has  arm  broken;  (3)  has  leg  broken — Three-fold  flight. 
Heroine  drops  (i)  Ear-ring;  (2)  Ring;  (3)  Shoe  (golden),  to  de- 
Uin  pursuers— Hearth-abode— Marriage  shoe-  (and  ring-)  tests — 
Artificial  limbs  and  eye  for  ogress*  daughter — Mutilated  foot 
(and  finger)— Happy  marriage. 


Eero  Salmelainen,  Tales  and  Fables  of  the  Finns,     Part  I.        97 
Helsingfors,  187 1.      No.  VII,  iii,  pp.  73-77. 

^The  Three  Sisters." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  elder  sisters) — Pig  asks  to  have  trough 
in  front  of  it  removed.  Cow,  with  pail  on  horns,  asks  to  be 
milked,  offering  milk  as  reward.  Old  man  asks  to  have  his  head 
searched,  offering  staff  as  reward.  Elder  sisters  refuse  demands  of 
these;  enter  service  of  King  at  castle.  Heroine  grants  requests 
and  receives  rewards.  Is  told  to  strike  rock  near  castle  with 
switch,  to  obtain  everything  desired — Menial  heroine  (swineherd 
at  castle) — Grain-sorting  task  (performed  by  old  man) — Magic 
dresses — Meeting-place  (chnrch)  —  Three-fold  flight — Pitch 
trap — ^Lost  shoe — Money  scattered  to  detain  pursuers.  Skin 
thrown  over  magic  dress — Marriage  shoe-test — Mutilated  foot 
— Magic  dress  seen  through  disguise — Happy  Marriage — Villain 
Hemesis. 


Samlaren    VIII  (1887).      Pp.    178-179.      (Fragment  found  in    98 

Codex  £.  8  Upsala,  of  a  Swedish  version  by  Olaus  Laurentii 

Calmariensis,    161 2.      Contributed   to   the    Magazine   by  H. 

Schiick.) 

"  Cinderella." 

Heroine  urged  by  father  to  marry  servant — Helpfol  animal 
(boll) — ^Heroine  flight  on  bull  through  forests.  Heroine  plucks 
oak-leaf,  and  is  clad  in  brass ;  bull  overcomes  wolf ;  she  plucks 
hazel-leaf,  and  is  clad  in  silver ;  bull  slays  two  wolves ;  she 
plucks  lime-leaf;  bull  is  slain  by  three  wolves — ^Heroine  disguise 
(hide  of  helpful  animal) — Magic  dresses  (kept  in  bull's  hom) — 
Menial  heroine  (scullion  at  palace) — [Meeting-place  (dmrd 


IV  ScHRECK,  Finnii£ht  Manhtn,  ubersetzt 
1877.     P.  6j.     Story  No.  IX. 
"Die  Wunuerbare  Birke." 
(See  No.  95.) 

1 00    SEBILI.OT,  Conies  pop.  dg  la  Hautt-Brdagnt.    \ 


No.  Ill, 


"  Lf  T.^urkau  Bi.EU." 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) -Menial  heroine  (cow- 
herd}— Helpful  animal  (bull) — Ear-conmcopia— Spy  oji  heroine 
— Slaying  of  helpful  animal  (j)roi)osect) — Heroine's  flight  with 
helpful  aninial^They  pass  through  (i)  i;o|j])er,  (a)  silver,  (3)  gold 
forests.  Heroine  cautioned  not  to  touch  copper  leaf  for  fear  of 
bears;  she  accidentally  knocks  off  silver  leaf,  and  scorpions  swarm 
and  sting  bull.  Ointment  from  ear-cornucopia  cures  him,  Simi- 
larly, fall  of  gold  leaf  brings  lions:  bull  is  mortally  wounded. 
Heroine  directed  lo  bury  bull — Eevivifled  bones,— Menial  heroine 
(turkey-girl)— Help  at  grave— Magic  dresses — Rabbit  minds 
kitchen  for  heroini;  (helpful  animal)— Meeting-place  (church)— 
Three-fold  flight — Lost  shoe- Love-sick  prince— Shoe  marriage 
teat— Mutilated  foot-  False  bride- -Animal  witness — Happy 
marriage. 

.Siii/UgratvrtH  \it  p.  213.  No.  580.  (Jutland.) 
"  Den  ullr  Sko"  (The  l.itlle  Shoe), 
ni-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother  and  step-aisters) — Helpful 
animal  (eel)— Magic  dresses -Meeting  place  (church) — Three- 
fold flight -Lost  shoe— Ktl  comforts  heroine  ;  foretells  future 
ha]>piness  ;  she  must  every  year  throw  tour  bushels  of  salt  into  cul- 
pond -Shoe  marriage  test— Mutilated  feet— Animal  witness 
(caged  parrot)-  Hcntlenian  promises  to  return  in  a  year  for 
heroine  as  bride  -Happy  marriage  -  Heroine  forgets  salt  for  eel 
— Stei>-niother  cuts  off  little  lini^er  from  each  of  heroine's  three 
children  whom  she  throws  into  pond— Heroine  weeps  at  pond. 
Ee!  ap>)ears,  forgives  her,  and  on  receiving  twelve  bushels  of  salt, 
restores  her  three  children  with  little  fingers  missing— VUlain 
NemeaiB.     SteiJ-molher  put  into  spiked  cask  and  killed. 


I 

I 

i 


A. — CINDERELLA.  4 1 

Socit^t^  de  Litt^rature  Finnoise.     MS.  Collections.     By  Kaarle    101 
Krohn.     No.  6014.     (From  Suojarvi,  in  Carelia.     Narrated  in 
1884  by  a  middle-aged  woman.) 

Heroine  and  mother  wash  clothes  by  the  shore ;  ogress  per- 
suades mother  to  throw  her  a  long-sleeved  shirt ;  on  this  she  and 
her  daughter  ride  across  from  tongue  of  land — Ogress  transforms 
mother  into  sheep,  takes  her  place,  and  kills  sheep— Trans- 
formed mother  help — Three  birch  trees  grow  from  three  drops  of 
sheep's  blood  caught  by  heroine — Ill-treated  heroine  (by  ogress- 
stepmother) — Tasks,  to  mend  oven  and  sort  grain ;  performed 
by  cross-wise  striking  with  three-year-old,  six-year-old,  nine-year- 
old  twigs — ICagic  dresses — Meeting-place  (Czar*s  banquet) — 
Czar's  son  cares  for  heroine's  horse — Heroine  throws  bone' at 
ogress's  daughter,  breaking  (i)  her  foot,  (2)  her  hand,  (3)  putting 
out  her  eye — She  afterwards  boasts  of  attentions  received  from 
Czar's  son— [Threefold  flight]— Fitch  traps— Lost  (i)  hat,  (2) 
glove,  (3)  shoe — Hat,  glove,  and  shoe  marriage  tests — Heroine 
sent  away  to  tend  cattle— Mutilated  head,  fingers,  foot — Czar's 
son  and  ogress's  daughter  set  out  in  boat  to  wedding — Witness. 
Heroine  as  shepherdess  denounces  false  bride,  whom  Czar's  son 
throws  into  brook — Happy  marriage — Ogress  visits  heroine  after 
birth  of»  son ;  rescues  own  daughter  from  brook — Substituted 
bride — Heroine  transformed  into  reindeer;  persuades  shepherd 
to  bring  her  child  to  forest ;  suckles  it — Shepherd  tells  Czar's  son, 
who  seeks  counsel  of  old  widow — Husk  cast  by  heroine  burnt 
by  Czar's  son — Heroine  cannot  follow  reindeer  without  it ;  goes 
home  with  husband — Villain  Hemesis.  Ogress  and  false  wife 
cast  into  flaming  pit. 

Ibid.     MS.  Collections.    By  Kaarle  Krohn.     No.  6371.    (From    102 
Himola,  in  Olonetz.     Narrated  in  1884  by  a  woman  aged  flfty.) 

Ogress  inquires  of  heroine  whither  her  mother  has  gone,  and 
thrice  receives  misleading  reply  ;  then  seeks  in  contrary  direction, 
finds  mother,  transforms  her  into  sheep,  takes  her  place,  and  kills 
sheep.  Eating  taboo.  Bevi^ified  bones— Transfonned  mother 
hdp  (bones  turned  into  ox).  Slaying  of  ox — Birch-tree  springi 
fiom  bones — Hi-treated  heroine  (bj  ogress-step-mother) — Task% 


42  CINDEBKI-LA  VAKIANTS. 

to  mend  oven,  sort  grain, separate  barley  from  ashes  ;  perfot 
cross-wise  striking  with  (wig  from  birch-tree—Ogress  and  daughters 
on  way  lo  Czar's  banquet,  refuse  to  shear  sheep,  milk  cow,  wash 
old  man.  Heroine  does  all ;  old  man  gives  her  magic  stick  to 
open  treasure- St  one — H&gic  dresses — Meeting-place  (banquet) — 
Czar's  son  cares  for  heroine's  horst  — Heroine  throws  bone  at 
ogress,  breaking  (i)  her  leg,  (3)  her  hand,  {3)  imtiing  out  her  eye. 
Ogress  presently  boasts  of  atteniiuns  received— [Threefold  flight] 
— Pitch  trapB^LoBt  bat,  ring,  shoe — Hat,  ring,  and  shoe  mar* 
riage  tests— Mutilated  heade,  fingers,  feet  (ogress's  daughters') 
Char's  son  sets  out  with  heroine— Substituted  bride — Heroine 
hidden  in  thicket — Witness.  Shepherd  thrice  denounces  false 
bride — Villain  Nemesis.  lalse  bride  cast  into  pit  of  burning 
tar — Happy  marriage. 


i 


^Q^    Hid.     MS.  CoUections.     By  J.  V.  Murnian.      No.  VI.      (Fro 
Sodankyla,  in  Ostrobothnia,  1854.) 
"The  Beggar's  Daughtkr  Housed  Free." 
Three  sisters  have  washed  hands  for  three  years  lo  go  lo  king,  \ 
who  seeks  bride.     They  refuse  to  (i)  shear  shee|),  (2)  milk  cow, 
(3)  help  old  man.     lieggar's  daughter  complies  with  wish  of  each. 
Old  man  gives  her  magic  stick  to  ojien  ireasure-rock — Meni&I 
heroine  (jioultry-maid  at  palace) — Tasks,  to  sort  peas  from  ashes 
— Magic  dresses — Meeting-place    (church) — Threefold  flight — 
Gold  pieces  thrown  to  detain  king— Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage 
test— Happy  marriage. 


Ji)fd.      MS.  Collections.      By  A.  Reinholm.      No.  1 1,  39. 

(From  Anirea,  in  Carelia,  1848.) 

"The  Two  Young  Ladies  anu  Cindkrella." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  elder  sisters) — Going  to  church,  sisters  \ 

refuse  (1)  to  milk  cow,  (2)  to  take  bread  from  oven,  (3)  to  shear  ■ 

sheep,  because  for  five  weeks  they  have  washed  hands  with  soap 

and  new  milk.     Heroine  milks  cow  and  gets  milk,  takes  bread 

from    oven   and    keeps  it,  shears  sheep  and   gets  wool— Magic 

dresses— Lost  shoe  (found  by  general's  son) — Shoe  marriage 

test— Happy  marriage. 


A. — CINDERELLA.  43 

Ibid,     MS.  Collections.     By  P.  A.  Paldani.      No.  I,  46.  106 

(From  West  Finland,  1852.) 

"The  Servants'  Places." 

Three  girls  are  to  enter  king's  service.  Two  who  have  washed 
hands  for  three  weeks  meet  ( i )  old  man,  whom  they  refuse  to  . 
comb,  (2)  sheep,  and  will  not  shear  it,  (3)  cow,  and  will  not  milk 
it.  Heroine  combs  old  man's  hair,  shears  sheep,  milks  cow, 
throws  milk  over  cow's  feet,  and  puts  pail  on  horns — Menial 
lierome  (scullion  at  palace) — Tasks,  to  make  dinner  from  half  a 
pea  and  grain  of  barley,  which  king  throws  in  ashes — Task-per- 
forming old  man — ICagic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — 
Threefold  flight — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated 
feet — ^Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.     MS.  CoUections.     By  J.  Mustakallio.     No.  XCIX.  106 

(From  Sotkamo,  in  Ostrobothnia.) 

"  Cinderella." 

Two  girls  have  washed  their  hands  for  three  years  to  enter 
king's  service.  They  refuse  (i)  to  take  bread  from  oven,  (2)  milk 
cow,  (3)  shear  sheep,  (4)  help  old  man.  Heroine  does  all  these 
things,  and  gets  from  old  man  magic  stick,  which  opens  treasure- 
rock — Menial  heroine  (kitchenmaid  at  palace) — Tasks,  to  sort 
grain  from  ashes — Task-performing  old  man— Magic  dresses — 
Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold  flight — Pitch  trap — Lost 
shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  feet — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.     MS.  Collections.     By  E.  N.  Setala.     No.  R.  10.  107 

(From  Ruovesi,  in  West  Finland) 

"Finette,  The  Swineherd." 

Three  sisters  are  servants  at  palace — Menial  heroine  (swine- 
herd)—Task,  to  prepare  dinner  from  two  peas  and  two  grains  of 
barley  and  rye — Task-performing  old  man — Heroine  searches 
head  of  second  old  man,  who  gives  her  stick  to  open  treasure- 
rock — ^Magic  dresses— Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold  flight 
— ^Pitch  trap — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  feet 
■   Happy  marriage. 


44  CINFJERELLA  VARIANTS. 

H'id.      MS.  Collections.    By  Kaarle  Krohn.    No,  O.  364. 
(From  Hyrynsalmi,  in  Ostrobnthnia.     1882.) 
"The  Swineherd." 
Two  sisters  have  washed  hands  and  eyes  for  three  years  to  go  I 
to  king's  son,  who  seeks  bride.     They  refuse  (1)  to  I''™  loaves  in 
oven,  (z)  shear  ram,   (3)  mi!k  cow,   (4)  help  old  man— Menial 
heroine    (swineherd) — Heroine   follows   sisters   to  court;    turns 
loaves  and  gets  loaf  ;  shears  ram  and  gets  wool ;  miiks  cow  and 
gets  milk  ;  helps  old  man,  and  gels  stick  to  open  treasure-rock — 
Uagic    dresses— Heeting-place     (church)— Threefold    flight— 
(jold    pieces    thrown    10   dciani    king's    son— LoBt    shoe- — Shoe 
marriage  test — Mutilated  feet— King's  son  tears  off  heroine's   ! 
gown  covering  ma^ic  dresses— Happy  marriage — Villain  Nemo-   \ 
His^Sistere  hang  themselves. 


Ibid.     MS.  Collections.      Hy  Fr.  Rapola.     No.  43.     (From 

Siiiiksmaki,  in  Tavasilandia.) 

"SiKEKI-SOKERl'    COWSKJN." 

ni-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Menial  heroine  (cow- 
herd)—Helpful  animal  (tow)— Ear  cornucopia— Spy  on  heroine 
— Slaying  of  helpful  animal  (pioposed) — Flight  on  cow — 
Heroine  directed  to  slay  cow— Heroine  disguise  (cowskin) — 
Menial  heroine  (swineherd  at  palace) — Token  objects:  (1)  comb, 
{2)  ^uap,  (3)  towel  ;  afterwards  naintd — Help  at  grave  (of  cow) 
— Uagic  dresseG — Meeting-place  (weddings)— Threefold  flight 
— Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  teat — Heroine's  disguise  falls  off 
revealing  gold  dress — Happy  marriage. 


Pp. 


P.  M.  SoEGAARD,  I  Fjtl<ibyj(de. 

"KraAKR    I.AN(^ 

ni-treated    heroine    (by    sorceress    step-mother)  ~  Menial 

heroine  (tends  cattle) — Helpful  animal  (01) — ^Ear  cornucopia — 

Step-sislLT  with  two  magic  eyes  in  neck,  si^nt  to  spy  on  heroine — 

Pitfall  made  for  helpful  animal;  cows  fall  into   it — Slaying  < 

'  Sokni  ^  cngar )  Stkcri  =  variation  of  Suken. 


I 


A. — CINDERELLA.  45 

helpful  animal — Heroine  buries  bones  ;  gets  anything  she  wishes 
at  the  spot^lCagic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold 
flight — Young  man  follows  heroine ;  she  drops  whip  and  vanishes ; 
second  time  she  drops  shoe,  which  he  keeps — Lost  shoe — Shoe 
marriage  test — Young  man  sinks  down  into  hill  where  sorceress, 
Kraake  Lange,  lives.  He  is  heroine's  brother ;  tells  king  of  her 
beauty;  fetches  her  to  palace.  [The  tale  passes  into  that  of 
"  Bushy-Bride",  see  Dasent.] — Happy  marriage. 


StiEJi^  Ungarische  Sagen  und  Mdrchen,   Berlin,  1850.     No.V,  pp.     \W 
34-45.     (Also  Magyar  Folk-tales^  Jones  and  Kropf,  F.-L.  Soc., 
1889,  pp.  144-149.) 

"  Die  Drei  Konigstochter." 

Stephmother  plans  to  abandon  king's  three  daughters  in  forest. 
Youngest  daughter,  overhearing,  rides  on  magic  steed  to  witch,  who 
gives  her  ball  of  thread  but  forbids  her  to  rescue  sisters.  Heroine 
disobeys  and  leads  sisters  home  by  means  of  clue;  again  seeks  aid 
of  witch,  who  gives  her  sack  of  as  hes,  and  once  more  disobeys  and 
leads  sisters  home.  Third  time  heroine  makes  trail  with  peas 
which  birds  eat,  and  girls  cannot  retrace  steps.  They  plant 
acorn  which  grows  in  the  night  to  tall  tree  ;  heroine  mounts  it  to 
spy.  On  third  day  tree  is  high  enough  for  her  to  descry  from  its 
top  lighted  window  in  distance.  They  reach  palace  after  three 
days'  wandering ;  are  greeted  by  giantess  who  threatens  to  eat 
them,  but  heroine  bribes  her  to  spare  them.  Giant  returns ; 
wants  to  eat  them ;  spares  them  that  they  may  cook  him  food. 
Heroine  entraps  him  into  oven  and  kills  him  ;  pretends  to  comb 
giantess's  hair ;  kills  her  with  hammer — Si-treated  heroine  (by 
sisters) — Menial  heroine — Heroine  finds  gold  key  in  chimney :  it 
opens  cupboard  containing  ICagic  dresses  —  Meeting  -  place 
(dance) — Three-fold  flight — Lost  shoe— Love-sick  prince — Shoe 
marriage  test — Mutilated  feet — Happy  marriage,  after  restora- 
tion of  heroine's  father  to  lost  kingdom. 


CINDERtLLA  VARIANTS. 


'  112        Thorpe,  Yule-tide  Stories,  pp. 


36.     (From  the  Swedish.) 


■'The  Little  Gold  Shoe." 
lU-treated  heroine  (by  step-motheT  aod  step-sister) — Uenial 
heroine,  uitk-named  Cinder-girl  —  Task,  grain-sorting  —  Tear 
drop!  in  spring  by  heroine  causes  Helpful  animU  (pike)  10  api>ear 
and  tell  her  of  magic  tret-  —  Hagic  diesseB  —  Meeting-place 
(church)  —  Three-fold  flight— Pitch  trap — Lost  shoe— Ra(;s 
thrown  on  to  cover  magic  dress — Shoe  luarriage  test  ^Mutilated 
foot — Animal  witne«<  {bird)^Heroine  hidden  in  oven^Her 
snatches  offhusk^Happy  ICarrif^e^ Villain Nemeais. 


Idiii.,  pp.  126-133,      (Variants  of  the  foregoing.) 
(From  Oslergotiand.) 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother)— Heroine  given  black   . 
bread  and  milk  in  cat's  saucer— Task,  to  pick  up  peaa— Taak-  ^ 
performing  animal  (white  ermine)— Magic  dresses  and  eqi 
age  from  magic  oak— Meeting-place  (churchj— Threefold  flight 
— [Pitch  trap] — Lost    shae—Shoe    marriage  test— Mutilated 
ffwit, — Animal   witness  (bird) — Happy  marriage— Heroine  1 
quested    to    stab   ermine ;    prince   springs   from    its   blood,    and   ' 
vanishes. 


Ibid.    (FromGottland.) 
"KRAK-rr-Ls." 

Hl-trested  heroine  (by  step-mother  and  etep-eister)- Heroine  I 
must  wear  cloak  of  crow's  feathers  to  hide  her  beauty— Manni 
aid— Magic  dresses  procured  by  blowing  pipe  in  forest — Meeting- 
place  (church)— Threefold  flight — [Pitch-trap]  ^Lost  shoe — 
Shoe  marriage  test^Heroine  hides  in  oven — Animal  witness 
(bird) — Happy  marriage— Heroine  shows  kindness  to  step- 
mother. 


A. — CINDERELLA.  47 

Ibid.     (From*  South  Smdland.)  115 

"  ASKE-PJESKE.'* 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Task,  to  prepare  peas 
— Task-performing  animal  (bird)— ICagic  dress,  dropped  by 
eagle — Meeting-place  (church) — Prince  throws  (i)  white  silk 
glove,  (2)  second  glove,  (3)  gold  apple  into  heroine's  lap — Three- 
fold flight — ^Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test — Mutilated  foot — 
Animal  witness  (bird) — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid,     (From  South  Sm^land.)  UQ 

As  above — Heroine    hidden    in    bath-room — False    bride — 
Animal  witness  (bird) — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid,     (From  South  Sm Aland. )  117 

"Froken  Skinn-pels  ror  I  Askan"  (Miss  Skin-cloak  rakes 

in  the  Ashes). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother)— Menial  heroine  (tends 
cattle) — ^Helpftd  animal  (white  bear) — Magic  gold  pipe  for 
heroine  summons  bear  at  will — Snares  set  to  entrap  bear — 
Heroine  Alight  on  helpful  animal  through  silver,  gold,  diamond 
forests — Heroine  disobeys  and  plucks  leaf  in  each,  causing  pur- 
suit by  wild  beasts — Bear  bids  heroine  slay  him  ;  throw  carcase 
into  fountain — ^Heroine  disguise  (bear-skin) — Menial  heroine 
(kitchenmaid  at  palace) — Golden  pipe  brings  Pysslings  to  prepare 
dinner  and  give  Magic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — Lost 
shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid,     (From  Upland.)  118 

"  KrAknabba  Pelsen"  (Crow's-nib  Cloak). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Menial  heroine  (tends 
cattle) — ^Helpftd  animal  (black  ox) — Ear  cornucopia — Heroine 
sent  to  fetch  step-mother's  axe,  finds  three  doves  on  it.  They 
begift  her.    Gold  ring  falls  from  her  mouth  when  she  speaks ; 


48 


■ABIA«JT5. 


she  grows  fairer  and  fairer ;  will   marry  a    king — Siep-daughter   ' 
sent  for  axe,  curses  doves.     They  punish  her.     Frog  springs  from 
her  mouth  ;  she  grows  fouler  and  fouler  ;  nose  grows  longer  and 
longer,    like   crow's  nib.     She  maVes  cloak   to  cover   it,  which 
heroine  steals  ^Heroine  flight  on  helpful  animal.     Obstacles  to 
troll-wife's  pursuit ;  forest,  lake,  mountain  ^Menial  heroine  (stair- 
sweeper  at    palace) — Magic    dresaeB    from    ox — Meeting-place 
(church)— Threefold  flight—Lost  shoe —Shoe  umrriage  teat —  ■ 
Animal  witness  (bird) — Happy  Marriage— Heroine  requested  to  I 
cut  black  ox  in  three,  releasing  enchanted  prince. 


Ibid.     (From  Upland.) 

"  KrAkskinns-Maja." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother  and  step-sisters) — Girls 

bidden  to  palace  for  king's  son  to  choose  bride.  Sleeping 
draught  given  to  heroine.  She  sets  out  on  waking.  Step-sisters 
meet  (i)  apple,  (i)  pear,  (3)  plum  complaining  of  cold,  and  bid 
driver  lash  them  with  whip.  Heroine  afterwards  meets  the  same  ; 
puts  each  in  her  bosom— Heroine  disguise  (crow-skin  cloak) — 
Menial  heroine  (kitchenmaid  at  palace) — Magic  dresses  from 
apple,  pc-ar,  plum— Meeting-place  (church)— Threefold  flight- 
Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test  -SW  girls  sit  behind  curtain  and 
put  out  one  foot — Happy  marriage. 


TuRiAULT,  Elude  iur  k  langage  Crhdt  dr  la  Martinique, 


"Ckndrii.i 


Ill-treated  heroine  (by  atep-motber  and  step-sisters)- Menial 
heroine — Hearth  abode— ^Fairy  aid— Magjc  dress — Carriage,  etc., 
provided  by  means  of  transformations — Meeting-place  (ball) — 
Flight — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test— Happy  marriage. 


\ 


\. — ciudereila. 


[  J.  TvEDT,  Hornbdk  Hjemmei  ag  SkoUn,   U^blad  for  B/im  eg   12l| 
Uttgdoin,  1S73,     No.  XXXII,  p.  273.     (Said  to  have  been  com- 
municated by  narrator's  grandfather;  apparently  retold  from 
Asbjornsen's  ta!e  in  Nor,  Nn.  I. — Moltke  Moe.) 

Parents  too  poor  to  provide  skirl  for  daughter,  hollow  out  oak 
[  tree  for  petticoat ;  die,  leaving  cat  and  dog  for  son  and  daughter. 
Heroine  takes  the  cat.     [Story  proceeds  like  No.  ti.] 


I,  Finhe  Man/tw, 


Torino,  Roma,  1879,     No.  Xl.V,     12 
2-205- 


pp.  : 

"  La  Cenerentola." 
IU>treated  heroine  (by  sisters) — Heni&I  heroine  cooks  fish  for 
sisters'  supper,  who  then  ^a  lo  ball.  Lilile  Itnch,  for  herome's 
supper,  jumps  into  sink  and  becomes  transformed  into  lovely 
lady— Fairy  aid — Magic  dresses — Ueeting-place  (ball) — Three- 
fold flight — Money  and  (third  time)  shoe  thrown  to  pursuers — 
Shoe  marriage  test — Happy  marriage. 


Volkskunde, 


"Vak  den  Koning  en  van  Jenne  zijn  zoet  Liefken"  123  1 
(The  Story  of  the  King  and  of  Jenny  his  true  Love). 
Dl-treated  heroine  (by  mother  and  elder  sisters)— Henial 
heroine,  called  "  Sloddeken-vuil"  (little  diriy-slut)— Always  fine 
weather  when  heroine  goes  to  mind  sheep :  always  wet  when 
elder  sister  goes.  Heroine  gives  bread  to  old  man,  who  in  re- 
turn draws  a  sheep,  and  bids  her  knock  at  it  when  she  wants 
food.  Next  day  he  draws  a  tree  which,  when  tapped,  will  give 
Uagic  dresses,  and  a  carriage  and  eight — Task  (to  polish  a  heap 
of  old  iron) ;  performed  by  angels — Heeting-place  (ball) — Task 
fgiuin  collecting) ;  performed  by  an  gels  ^Meeting-place  (ball)  - 
King  takes  one  of  heroine's  shoes  (Lost  shoe) — Shoe  marriage 
test — Uutilated  feet  (two  sisters' )^Animal  witness  (bird)_ 
Vilhun  ITemeais — Happy  marriage. 


Vin  VuLETiiJ-VuKASOvid  {Unpublished  Story  from  Spalairo, 
Dalmatia,  contributed  by). 
"  La  Cuzza  tzenere." 
Mother  and  ihreu  daughters  aru  spinning ;  whosoever  drops 
spindle  thrice,  to  be  killed   and   eaten    by  others— Slaying  of 
mother — Bones  collected  by  heroine  and  buried  under  hearth- 
Ill-treated  herome  (by  elder  sisters) — Hearth  abode — Tasks, 
grain-sorting  —  Magic    aid    from    bones — Task -performing   (i) 
birds,   (2)   cbickenB,  (3)  inice—Mftgic  dresses —Heeting-place 
(ball)— Threefold  Sight- Pursuers  detained  with  scattered  gold 
— Pitch-trap— Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test- Happy  mar- 
riage. 

WalijaU,  Bokiitisclus  Mdrchenbuch.  Prag,  i860.  Pp.  638-655. 
"The  Three  Sisters." 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  mother  and  elder  sisters)  —  Gifts 
from  father;  heroine  asks  for  whatever  hits  his  hat  on  way  home  j 
gets  three  nuts,  which  she  lets  fall  into  well.  Frog  restores  them; 
tells  her  they  contain  Hagic  dresses— Heeting-place  (church)— 
Pear-tree  cut  down  because  heroine  pretends  to  have  spied 
thence — Three-fold  flight— Trap— Prince  has  road  strewn  with 
iir-trunks — Lost  shoe— Be^j^ar  tells  where  heroine  lives — Shoe 
marriage  test — Uutilated  feet— False  brides—Animal  witness 
(dog) — Happy  marriage- Father  fetches  nuts  from  same  tree  for 
elder  daughters,  who  are  strangled  by  snakes  which  nuts  contain. 
Earth  swallows  corpses.     Villain  ITcmefliH. 


I 


J.  SrOR.\i  Wanu,  Ti  Norske  Eventyr.     Throndhjem,  l8t 

"Guij>hansha"  (Gulden  Glove), 

[A  second-hand  translation  of  "  Finette  Ccndron".] 

(See  No.  56.) 


F.  WolfJ  Probtn  thrtu^tiUhfr  and  CataianUcker  Volksromanten. 
Wiun,  1856.     P.  43- 

"ASCHENPUTTEL." 

(See  MiU  y  Fonianals,  No.  76.) 


A. — CINDERELLA.  5  1 

K.  W.  WoYCiCKi,  Polish  Fairy  Tales.     Warsaw,  1850.    Vol.  ii,    126 

P-  52. 

"The  Oak-tree  and  the  Sheepskin." 

ni-treateH  heroine  (b^  fattier) — Heroine  flight — Heroine 
disguise  (sheepskin) — Meuial  heroine — Task  (grain-sorting)  set 
by  royal  mistress — Task-performing  animal  (doves) — Heroine 
meets  prince  in  forest,  gives  him  his  dropped  whip  and  he  strikes 
her  with  it.  She  then  goes  to  oak-tree  and  gets  Magic  dresses, 
carriage  and  servants — Meeting-place  (church) — Token  objects 
(heroine  tells  prince's  servant  she  comes  from  "  Pick-up-Whip", 
and,  on  second  occasion  from  "  Gold-ring",  having  in  the  mean- 
time restored  lost  ring  to  prince  in  forest  and  been  repulsed  by 
him) — Pitch-trap — Lost  shoe — Search  for  owner — Animal  wit- 
ness (white  doves  remind  prince  who  picked  up  whip  and  gold 
ring) — Happy  marriage. 


Wratislaw,  Sixty  Folk-talcs   (Southern   Slavonians:    Bulgarian    127 
Stories).     London,  1880.     Story  No.  XXXVII,  pp.  181-86. 

"  Cinderella." 

White-bearded  old  man  warns  girls,  who  are  spinning  and  telling 
tales,  against  dropping  spindle  into  chasm.  Heroine  drops  hers, 
transforming  mother  into  cow — Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step- 
mother)—  Task,  spuming  —  Transformed  mother  help  —  Spy 
on  heroine — Slaying  of  helpful  animal — Eating  taboo — Bevi- 
vified  bones — Help  at  grave — Menial  heroine — Hearth-abode— 
Task,  grain-sorting — Task-performing  animal  (birds) — Magic 
dresses  —  Meeting-place  (church)  —  Three-fold  flight  —  Lost 
shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Animal  witness  (cock),  reveals 
heroine  under  trough — Happy  marriage — Villain  Hemesis 


Zi^GlLKLE^(Tirols)  Kinder- und  Hausmdrchen.    Innsbriick,  1852.     128 

Story  No.  XXIII,  pp.  130-39. 

"  The  Three  Sisters." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  elder  sisters)— Menial  heroine-^ ' 
id— Magic  dresses— Meeting-place  (ball)^Three-fold 


52  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

Pursuers  detained  third  time  with  gold  and  gold  shoe — Shoe 
marriage  test — ^Mutilated  feet — ^False  brides — Animal  witness 
(bird) — Happy  marriage. 


129  Zbibr  wiadomdsci  do  antropologji  Krajowej  (Collection  de 
mat^riaux  pour  Tanthropologie  nationale),  15  vols.  Cracow, 
1877-92.  Vol.  xii,  pp.  45-48.  (From  Nowogrddek,  Govern- 
ment of  Minsk.) 

"The  Orphan  and  the  Fairy." 

Ill-treated  heroine,  outcast  by  cousins — Heroine  disguise 
(pigskin  cloak) — Heroine  takes  service  with  fairy,  who  discharges 
her  for  curiosity,  but  begifts  her — Menial  heroine  (scullion  at 
palace) — Heroine  takes  (i)  boots,  (2)  water  to  king's  son;  he 
strikes  her — ICagic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold 
flight — Pitch  trap — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test — Happy 
marriage. 


130     Ibid,^  vol.  V,  pp.  230-32.     No.  XXXV.     "  Conte  des  montagnards 
polonais  des  Beskides  (Gallicie)."    (From  Skawa  in  Myslenice 
near  Cracow.) 

Mother  turns  three  daughters  out  into  forest.  Two  elder  go  to 
castle — Menial  heroine  serves  Ogress ;  murders  her ;  lives  with 
sisters  as  cook — Magic  dresses  from  magic  steed — Meeting- 
place  (ball) — Flight — Wax  trap — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage 
test — Mutilated  feet  (elder  sisters') — Happy  marriage — ViOain 
Nemesis — Sisters  kill  themselves  out  of  vexation. 


B.— CATSKIN. 


Archiv  filr  Slavische  Philologie.     Berlin,  1877.     Vol.  ii,  131 

pp.  622-3. 

Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife's  resemblance  (star  on 
brow)  marriage  test— Vmiatm^  father — Orandmother  aid — 
Comiter-tasks — ICagic  dresses — Heroine  disguise  (mouse-skin 
dress) — Father  deluded  by  ducks'  splashing — Heroine  flight — 
Hunting  prince  finds  heroine;  takes  her  to  palace — Henial 
heroine  (goose-herd)  —  Meeting-place  (fete) — Token  objects 
named — [Threefold  flightJ^Lovesick  prince — ^Recognition  food, 
contains  ring  given  at  ball — Happy  marriage. 


,.V.' 


Ibid.     Variant  from  Mikulicic.     Pp.  23-28.  132 

"  POPELJUHA   ZaVALJUHA." 

Death-bed  promise — ^Deceased  wife*s  ring  marriage  test— 
Vnnatmml  father — Snn  aid — Connter-tasks — ^Magic  dresses — 
Father  deluded  with  ducks'  splashing— Heroine  disgnise  (as 
b^gar) — Heroine  fli^t — Henial  heroine  (cinder-girl  at  palace) 
— ^Meeting-place  (ball)  —  Token  olgects  named  —  [Threefold 
flig^] — ^Lovesick  prince — ^Becognition  food,  contains  half  of 
ring  given  at  ball — ^Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.    Variant  from  Valjavec     No.  XIL     Pp.  44-47.  133 

Dnnatmml  father — Help  at  mother's  grave — Coonter-tasks — 
ICagic  dresses — Devil  aids  father— Heroine  disgidse  (wooden 
figure) — ^Heroine  fli^^it — Heroine  dwells  three  years  with  Vilas 
in  the  forest;  leaves  them,  and  meets  three  princes — Henial 
heroiDe  (cinder-giri  at  court  of  eldest  prince) — [Meeting-place — 
Lovesick  prince] — Recognition  food,  contains  ring— Happy  mar- 


54  CINDERELLA    VARLANTS. 

134  Archivio  per  lo  Studio  delle  Tradizioni  popolari^  vol.  i, 

pp.  190-195.    Palermo,  1882. 

"  La  Ciabattina  d'oro"  (The  Little  Gold  Shoe). 

Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife's  shoe  marriage  test — Un- 
natural father — Old  woman  aid — Goimter-tasks — Magic  dresses 
— Heroine's  hiding-box  (an  invisible  chest  which  travels  at  com- 
mand)— Heroine  disguise  (pig-skin) — Heroine  flight — Heroine 
taken  to  king's  palace  to  mind  poultry — Menial  heroine — Prince 
threatens  heroine  with  (i)  bridle,  (2)  boots,  (3)  shovel — Meeting- 
place  (hall) — Token  objects  named — Three-fold  flight — Heroine 
quest  by  prince,  who  takes  with  him  cakes  made  by  quee;i,  also 
heroine's  cake  containing  ring  given  at  ball — Eecognition  food — 
Return  of  prince — Heroine  discovered  (through  key-hole) — ^Happy 
marriage. 


135  Variants  of  the  above.i    //^/^/.,  pp.  196-200. 

I.  "  Maria  di  legno."    (From  Pratovecchio.) 

Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife's  jewels  marriage  test — 
Unnatural  father  —  Grovemess  aid  —  Counter-tasks  —  Magic 
dresses — Heroine  demands  white  horse  :  wears  its  skin.  Heroine 
disguise — Heroine  flight — Hunting  prince  takes  heroine  to  palace; 
calls  her  Ugly  Beast.  Strikes  her  with  shovel,  tongs,  and  saddle — 
Meeting-place  (feast) — Token  objects  named — Love-sick  prince 
— Eecognition  food — Heroine  discovered  (prince  looks  through 
key-hole) — Happy  marriage. 


136        II.  "  La  Margofa  DI  LEGNO."    (From  Garfagnana-Estense.) 

Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test — ^Unnatural  father — 
Goimter-tasks  —  Magic  dresses  —  Heroine  disguise  (wooden 
figure) — Heroine  flight — Hunting  prince  takes  heroine  to  palace. 
She  lives  in  kitchen;  says  she  is  called  wooden  lady — Prince 
beats  her  with  (i)  shovel,  (2)  tongs,  (3)  bellows — Meeting-place 
(ball) — Token  objects  named — Love-sick  prince — Becognition 
food — ^Happy  marriage. 

'  Sec  note  i. 


III.  "  Pellicciotto."'  (From  Horence.) 
Heroine,  a  lord's  daughter,  sets  out  lo  seek  fortune^Pairy  aid — 
Eeroine  dlBguise  (man's  clothes  and  big  cloak) — ^Menial  heroine 
(siable-boy  lo  King  of  Portuga])  ;  called  "  Ugly-Skjn"— Forgets 
king's  (i)  slimiii,  (i)  whip,  (3)  bridle ;  is  hU  with  ihcsc  objects — 
Uogic  dreas  (obtaitn?d  by  fairy  wand)— Meeting-place  (ball) — 
Token  objects  named— Three-fold  flight— I'ursiiLrs  dctaiTi..d  by 
(i)  confetti,  (al  money,  (3)  great  smoke— Love-sick  prince-- 
Queen's  cakes  burned  ;  heroine's  substituted- Becognition  food — 
Heroine  discovered  (prince  tears  off  husk)^ — Happy  marriage. 


IV.  "  ZuccHETTiNA."'  (From  Florence.) 
Woman  gives  birlh  to  gourd ;  exposes  it  in  forest,  not  knowing 
lovely  girl  is  inside^Prince  finds  talking  gourd,  takes  it  home. 
When  refusing  to  take  "Little  Gourd"  to  ball,  gives  her  (1) 
whip,  (2)  kick,  (3)  slap.  (Hagic  dresBes;— Ueeting-place  (ball) 
— Token  objects  named — Three-fold  flight — Love-aick  prince — 
Becognition  food  (contains  presents  given  at  ball)— Happy 
marriage. 

V.  '■  La  DoNNiNA  Di  LEONO."  (From  Florence.) 
Counter-tasks  (wooden-case,  three  dresses,  and  bird  Vcrderrio) 
from  father- Menial  lieroine,  livi-s  in  kings  ht-n-house.  Hens 
sing  of  her  loveliness — Meeting-place  (ball)— Flight— Pursuers 
blinded  with  sand  and  qualtrini — Love-sick  prince — Becognition 
food  (contains  presents  given  at  ball)— Happy  marriage. 

VI.  "  MoNA  Caterina."'  (From  Florence.) 
Heroine  seeks  her  fortune — Fairy  aid — Heroine  disguise  (old 
woman's  skin) — Fairy  gives  magic  wand  and  three  nuts.  Heroine 
sils  opposite  palace ;  cracks  not  which  contains  liny  men.  She 
will  not  sell  them  to  queen,  but  asks  to  be  engaged  at  palace. 
She  cracks  second  nut,  containing  tiny  horses.  Queen  wants 
them,  but  won't  engage  old  woman.  She  cracks  thiid  nut  con- 
taining coach  ;  queen  hires  her  as  goose-girl — Menial  heroine— 
'  See  noie  I. 


CINDERELIJ^ 


S6 

Geese  sing  of  ht;r  beauty.     King  watches  her  bathing  and  ^Us  i 
love— Love-sick  prince — Prince  insists  on  being  fed  by  old  woman 

(heroine)  who  purposely  soils  his  face.  She  agrees  to  marry  him 
if  no  one  is  told  that  she  is  not  ugly  old  woman — Happy  mar- 
riage. 


VII,  "  La  Giorgia"'  (From  Pratovecchio.) 
Heroine  sets  out  to  see  the  world— Heroine  disguiBe  (skin  of  I 
corpse  obtained  from  grave-digger)^Memal  heroine  (goose-herd  | 
at  palace) — Gccse  sing  of  her  loveliness.  Prince  spies  from  ' 
behind  hedge — Love-eick  prince — Recognition  food  (heroine  I 
puts  in  royal  signet  ring,  etc.)--- Happy  marriage. 


Archivio,  ii,  pp.  21- 
I.  "M.u 


;.    Novelle popolari  Sarde. 

I  lNTAU[..1TA." 


Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test — TTn- 
natur&l  father— Governess  aid — Counter-tasks — Hagic  dresseB — 
Heroine  disguise  ( wooden  dress)— Heroine  flight— Menial 
heroine^Ueeting-pIace  (ball)— Token  objects  named — Three- 
fold flight— Love-Bick  prince— Secognitioil  food— Heroine  dis- 
covered^Happy  marriage. 


II.  "Makia  Intadradda."  /(i(rf,,  pp.  27-31. 
Deathbed  promi8&— (Deceased  wife's  ring  test) — Unnatnral 
father — Pate  aid.  Heroine's  f^ite,  or  fortune,  hears  her  lament 
and  assists  her — Countertasks — Uagic  dresses  (supplied  by  devil, 
as  gentleman)— Heroine  disgaise  (wooden  dress) — (Heroins 
flight):  her  fate  transports  her  to  house  of  another  king — Uecial 
heroine  (bss  chaige  of  horses  in  stable) — Says  her  name  is 
"Mary  Wainsconed"— King's  son  threatens  her  with  ( i)  spurs, 
d)  saddle,  (3)  whip — Meeting  place  (fete)— Token  objects 
named — Threefold  flight  (fate  transports  her)— Lovesick  prince 
— Kecognition  food  contains  diamond  [ring]  given  heroine  at 
third  ball.— Happy  marriage. 


{ 


B. — CATSKIN.  57 

Athasas'ew  (A,  l^.\ /Russian  Fo/k-/a/es.   Moscow,  1 86 1.   Part  vi.    144 

Tale  No.  XXVIII. 

Unnatural  father— Dead  mother  help— Cotintertaslu — Uagic 
dresses — Heroine  disguise — Outcast  heroine  (father,  disgusted 
with  heroine  in  pig-skin  hood,  driyes  her  from  home) — Hunting 
prince  finds  "Pig-skin  Hood"  in  tree;  takes  her  to  palace — 
Meeting-place  (ball)— Three-fold  flight— Pitch-trap— Lost  shoe 
— Shoe-test — Prince  destroys  pig-skin  hood — ^Happy  marriage^ 
Heroine  tells  prince  of  Deceased  wife  resemblance  marriage 
test  to  explain  her  disguise. 


Baissac,  Z/  Folk-lore  de  P Ile-Maurice.     Paris,  i888.     No.  XI,       146 

pp.  11S-128. 

"  The  Story  of  Peau  d'Ane." 

Vniiatm:al  fitther — Countertasks — Ifagic  dresses-^Fairy  god- 
mother aid— Heroine  demands  skin  of  gold-ass — ^Heroine  flig^ 
— ^Heroine  disgnise  (ass-skin  dress  made  by  god-mother) — ^Kenial 
heroiiie  (goose-girl  at  palace) — Heroine  must  help  cook  for 
dinner-party — ^Heroine  discovered  by  prince  through  key-hole. 
He  bids  her  put  his  ring  in  cake ;  during  party  be  pretends  to  be 
<^oked ;  prince  to  wed  girl  who  can  extract  ring  from  his  throat — 
Happy  marriage. 


Bartsch,  SagtHj  Mdrchtn  und  Gebraiuht  aus  Mecklenburg.       146 

Wien,  1879.     Vol.  i,  pp.  479-481. 

"  ASCHEHPUSTER." 

Vmiatm:al  fitther — Cknmter-tasks — Ifagic  dicasci  ircrofiie 
diigiiise  (crow  mantle) — Heroine  flig^  (magic  wand  transports 
her) — Menial  heroiDe  (scuUion)  passes  for  a  boy — Keetfng- 
place  (ball) — ^Token  olrjects  named — (boot,  brush) — Three-fold 
mi^bt — BeoogmtioQ  food— H^py  marriage. 


58  ClNDKREr.t.A    VARIANTS. 

147    GiAMBATTisTA  Basile,  Anhwio  di  LUteratura  popohrt.    Naples 
(June  1883).     Anno  i.     No.  VI.     Pp.  42-43.     (From  Pomi-4 
gliano  d'Arco.) 
'"O  CuNTO  d'  'a  Be[,la-Pii.osa"  (The  Story  of  the  Hair>' 

Belle). 
Heroine,  like  deceased  mother,  has  hair  and  teclh  of  gold —  I 
TTnnatimtl  father— Dead  mother  help  at  grave —Countertasks  I 
— Magic  dresBes  provided  by  devil-    Father  deluded  by  splashing  ' 
of   doves — Heroine    flight -Heroine    disguise    (wolfs    skin) — 
Menial    heroine     (goost^herd)— Meeting-place    (ball)— Twofold 
flight -Lovesick  prince —Eecognition  food,  contains  ring  and 
bracelet  given  at  balls— Happy  marriage. 


md. 

'  A  Rum 


No.  VII.     (July  1884.)    Pp.  51-53. 


'1  TR[  BiSTiTi"  (The  Story  of  the  Three 
Dresses). 
Death-bed   promise— Deceased  wife's   ring  marriage  test— 
Unnatural  father    Nurse  aid     Counter  tasks- Magic  dresses,   I 
provided  by  devil  —Heroine's  hiding  box  (t^age)-   Heroine  flight 
— Heroine  disguise  (fur  dress— Magic  dress  inside  out)- Menial 
heroine  (poultry' -herd)— Meeting-place  (ball)— Threefold  flight 
^Money  thrown  to  detain  pursuers— Lovesick  prince — Secogni- 
tion  food,    contains  jewel  and  necklace  ^iven  at   ball — Happy  | 
marriage — Heroine's  father  enters  palace  disguised  as  goldsmith  ; 
is  recognised  by  heroine.     He  drugs  the  household  ;  attempts  to  I 
throw  heroine  into  boiling  oil.     She  wakes  and  arouses  sentinels  J 
— Villain  Nemesis.    Father  thrown  into  boiling  oil. 


149       Basile.  Penlamerone,  translated  by  Liebrecht.     Breslau,  1846. 
Second  Day,  6lh  Tale.     No.  XVI,  vol.  i,  pp.  206-218. 


Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife's  resemblance  marriage  j 
test-Unnatural  father — Old  woman  aid — Magic  chip  in  mouth  J 
transforms  heroine  into  be.ir — Heroine  flight — Hunting  prince  I 
takes  bear  to  palace  garden.     Sees  her  from  window  in  form  of  J 


B. — CATSKIN.  59 

lovely  maiden — Love-sick  prince — Queen  orders  death  of  bear 
whom  servants  spare  and  take  to  forest.  Prince  goes  in  search  of 
bear,  makes  her  tend  him  in  illness.  Persuades  her  to  kiss  him. 
Chip  falls  from  her  mouth.  Re-transformation — Happy  mar- 
riage. 


Busk,  Folk-lore  of  Rome,    London,  1874.    Pp.  84-90.  150 

"  Maria  Wood"  (2nd  version). 

Death-bed  promise  —  Deceased  wife's  shoe  marriage  test 
—  Umiatural  father  —  Coimter-tasks  —  Heroine's  hiding-box 
(wooden  figure) — Flight — Hunting  prince  finds  heroine;  takes 
her  to  palace — Menial  heroine — Meeting-place  (ball) — ^Magic 
dresses — Token  objects  thrown  (Prince  strikes  heroine  with 
whip,  boot,  and  hand) — Three-fold  flight — Love-sick  prince — ^Re- 
cognition food  (ring  given  at  first  ball) — Happy  marriage. 


Campbell,  Popular  Tales  of  the  W.  Highlands^  i,  pp.  219  ff.        151 

No.  XIV. 

"The  Kino  who  wished  to  marry  his  Daughter." 

Deceased  wife's  clothes  marriage  test — ^Unnatmal  father 
— ^Foster-mother  aid — Comiter-tasks — Magicdresses — Heroine's 
hiding-box — Heroine  put  to  sea  in  chest;  rescued  by  herd — 
Menial  heroine — Meeting-place  (sermon) — Threefold  flight — 
Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test— Mutilated  feet— Animal  wit- 
ness (bird) — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.^  vol.  i,  pp.  225  ff.     No.  XIV a.  152 

"  Margery  White  Coats." 

Deceased  wife's  clothes  marriage  test — Unnatm^  father^ 
Uncle  aid— Countertasks— Magic  dresses — Heroine  flight  (on 
filly  with  magic  bridle)—  Menial  heroine— Royal  mistress  throws 
basin  of  water  at  heroine — Meeting-place  (ball) — Token  objects 
(heroine  says  she  comes  from  "  Broken-basin  Land",  and  after- 
wards, from  "  Candlesticks")— Twofold  flight— Lost  shoe— Love- 
rick  prince — Shoe  marriage  test— Mutilated  feet— Happy 
marriage. 


CINDERELLA    VARIA 


153    ChuuInskv,  Malorvsskiya  Skaski  (Tales  of  Little  Russia).  Peier 
bufg.  1878.     Pp.  73-76.     No.  XVIII. 

"The  Girl  with  the  Louse-skin  Cloak." 

TTim&tural  father — Ifother  help  at  graTe^Coimter. 
Ifagic  dreflses — Heroiue  di^ujse— Heroine  dresses  nine  dolls 
speaks  to  them— Heroine  flight— Seuks  dead  mother  in  otherj 
world  ;  falls  asUrp  ;  is  found  by  gentleman,  who  makes  lier  hiS' 
servatit— Menial  heroine  - -Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold 
flight— Trap.  Monks  [lour  oil  at  church  eniraiice— Lost  ahoea 
[Shoe  marriage  test] — Search  for  owner  of  shoes.  Heroine 
found  asleep  on  stove— Happy  marriage. 


154    Co\iv\'».V,Tn,  Novetline popoiari Ifaiiant.     Roma,Torino,  Firenio, 
1875.     Story  No.  LVII,  pp.  244.153. 

"Zuccaccia"  (Ugly  Gourd). 
Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife's  ring  test — Unnatural 
father — Nurse  aid — Cotmter-tasks  —  Magic  dresses  —  Heroine 
flight — Heroine  di^^uise  (pumpkin  drtss)— Prince  takes  heroine 
to  palace-Menial  heroine — Token  objects  thrown^Ueeting- 
place  (ball)- Heroine  names  shovt-I,  whip,  longs— Three-fold 
flight — Love-Bick  prince— Becognition  food  (pin,  ring,  and 
miniature  given  at  balls)— Happy  maniage— Heroine  makes' 
herself  known  to  father  at  wedding  ;  forgives  him. 


1 


155    CoRAZZiNi,  /  Componimenli  minore  ddia  litltratura  popolarc 
prindpali diaUlli.     Benevento,  1877,     Pp.  437-439. 

"  U  Padre  e  a  Ficlia"  (Father  and  Daughter), 

TJimatiiral    father  —  Confessor   aid— Counter-tasks- Magic 
dresBes- Heroine  disguise  (old  woman  skin) — Heroine  flight — 

Devil  claims  father^ Fairies  endow  heroine  with  lieauty — Heniat 
heroine  (takes  service  with  innkeeper ;  afterwards  waits  on  king) 
— Heroine  struck  with  ( 1 )  boot,  (2)  stocking,  (3)  garter — Ueeting- 


H. — CATSKIN.  61 

place  (ball) — Token  objects  named — Threefold  flight— Ashes 
thrown  at  pursuers — Lovesick  prince  (after  second  ball) — Recog- 
nition food,  contains  ring  given  at  second  ball — King  leaves  third 
ball  before  heroine ;  hides  in  house  facing  palace  to  watch — 
Heroine  discovered — ^Happy  marriage. 


Ibid,^  p.  484. 
(See  Crane's  **  Maria  Wood",  No.  157,  taken  from  this.) 


CosQUiN,  Contes  populaires  de  Lorraine^  vol.  i,  p.  273.  156 

"  The  Golden  Bull." 

Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife  resemblance  marriage 
test — Unnatural  father — Grodmother  aid  —  Counter-tasks — 
Heroine  demands  a  golden  bull ;  secretly  persuades  jeweller  to 
make  it  hollow — Heroine's  hiding-box — Surprise  rencontre — 
During  absence  of  prince,  his  father  taps  bull ;  heroine  deceived, 
comes  forth — Prince's  fiancee  throws  heroine  into  pit.  She  is 
delivered  by  charcoal-burners — Happy  marriage — Villain  Ne- 
mesis (fiancee  burnt). 


Crane,  Italian  Popular  Tales,  London,  1885.    No.  X,  pp.  48-52.    157 

"  Fair  Maria  Wood." 

Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test — Un- 
natural father — Counter-tasks  (not  set  till  wedding-day) — Magic 
dresses — Heroine  disguise  (wooden  dress)  —  Heroine  flight — 
Heroine  dons  wooden  dress,  throws  herself  into  river  and 
floats.  Gentleman  rescues  her  and  takes  her  home  as  servant  to 
his  mother  —  Meeting-place  (ball)  —  Gentleman  beats  heroine 
twice  for  asking  to  go  to  ball— (Token  objects) — Three-fold 
flight — ^Love-sick  prince — Becognition  food  (ring  given  at  third 
ball)— Happy  marriage. 


3  DozoN,  CoHtti  Aibanais.     Paris,  f88i.     Pp.  41-^ 

"  I.ES  SorLlEKa." 

Death-bed  promise^Deceased  wife's  shoes  marriage  test — I 

Unnatural  father — Coimtertasks — Heroine  tiemands  two  large! 
candlcilicks  ;  hides  inside  one— Heroine's  hiding-box  sold  to  J 
prince — Heroine  comes  out  at  night,  eats  prince's  food  and  rubs.l 
his  hands— Surprise  rencontre— Happy  marriage — Prince  goes  .1 
to  war.  Heroine  discovered  by  mother  of  prince's  fiancee,  and  I 
thrown  in  bed  of  nettles.  Old  woman  delivers  heroine  and  takes  i 
care  of  her.  Prince  returns;  falls  ill:  wilPonly  eat  vegetables.  I 
Old  woman  brings  some  herbs  in  which  heroine  has  hidden  I 
wedding-ring.  Becognltlon  food — Prince  visits  old  woman  :  dis- 1 
covers  heroine  under  kneading-trough — Breaks  engagement  to  I 
fiancee. 

I  159       FiNUiORE,  Tradhioni popolari  Abbru^zeu.    l^nciano,  1881. 
No.  Ill,  pp.  13-19. 

"I.U  ZOCCHELE  I)E  l.EfiNE. 

Death-bed  proinise^Deceased  wife's  wedding-ring  marriage 
test—  Unnatural  father— (JovemesB  aid — Counter-tasks— Magic 
dresses  (provided  by  merchant  whom  father  meels  and  who  asks 
what  is  aniLss)— Heroine  disguise  (wooden  figure.-) — Father  made 
lo  fall  into  well— Heroine  flight— Hum ing  prince  finds  heroine; 
takes  her  to  palace  Menial  heroine  (goose herd)— Geese  sing  in  ] 
praise  of  her  beauty- Meeting-place  (ball)-  Three-fold  flight—  ' 
Monty  scattered  on  third  night  to  hinder  pursuit  —  Love-sick 
prince— Recognition  food— Heroine  discorered  —  Happy  mar- 


Vl60  GoNZENBACH,  Sicitianischc  Miinketi,     l^lpxig,  1870. 

No.  XXXVIII,  vol.  1,  pp.  261-69. 

"BeTT.\  PtI.VSA." 

Death-bed  promise— Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test— Tin- 
natural  father — Fathei'-confessor  aid — Counter-tasks — Magic 
dresses,  provided  by  devil— Heroine  disguise  (pig-skin) — Heroine 

flight^ Father  deceived  by  splashing  of dovestn heroine's  basin — 


I 


B. CUTSKlS.  63 

Hunting  prince  finds  heroine,  takes  her  to  hen-house — Henilil 
heroine — Heeting-pUce  (ball)— Three-fold  flight— Pursuers  de- 
tained by  scauerjnj;  jeweU — Hecognition  food.  Cook's  loaves 
arc  burnt.  Heroine's  loaves  contain  presents  received  at  balls- 
Prince  forsakes  fiancee— Happy  marriage- 


I 
I 


Grimm,  Hauselujld  Tales.     London,  1884.    Tale  No.  LXV,  vol.  i, 

pp.  177-181. 

".^I.l.ERLEIBAUH." 

Death-bed  promise— Deceased  wife  resemblance  marriage 
tMt — Umtatural  father  —  Counter-tasks  —  Ifagic  dresses— 
Hovine  flight— Heroine  disguise— .AJIerleirauh  found  in  tree 
and  carriiid  off  by  kin^^Menial  heroine — Meeting-place  (ball)^ 
Three-fold  flight — Secognition  food— ((iold  ring,  gold  reel,  and 
gold  spinning-Hheel  in  soup) — Prince  puts  ring  on  heroine's  finger 
31  third  ball— Heroine  flings  disguise  over  ball-dress;  omjls  to 
blacken  one  finger^Eecognition  (by  means  of  ring  on  white 
liDgerJ — Happy  marriage. 

Gbundtvig,  Gamle  danske  Minder  i  Folkemundf,  tU. 
Copenhagen,  1857.     Story  No.  VII,  pp.  30-35. 

•'  Den  LILLE  RODE  Ko"  (The  Little  Red  Cow). 
Unnatural  fiather— Helpful  animal  (red  cow) — Heroine  flight 
on  red  cow.  Cow  hides  in  sand-pil;  bids  heroine  stek  cuiploy- 
meatat  palace— Menial  heroine  (kilchen-maid) — Magic  dresses 
from  cow — Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold  flight— Lost 
shoe— Shoe  test-Happy  marriage— Red  tow  is  an  enchanted 
princess. 


PKor,  S.  Grundtvig's  Unpublished  Collection.  (From  Vendsyssel, 
Jutland.) 
"PussEL  I  Skinokjolen"  (I'ussel  in  the  Skin-gown). 
Unnatural  Father — Comitertasks- Uagie  dresses — Heroine 
disguise  (skin-gown) — Heroine  flight— Menial  heroine  (kitchen- 
maid)— Meeting-place  (church)— Threefold  flight— Lost  shoe — 
Happy  marriage. 


CINlH;bKLI.A    VARIANTS. 


Ibid. 


(From  Zealand.) 
"  Den  LILLE  Sko"  (The  little  Shoe). 
Unnatural  father— Old  woman  aid— CountertaBks— Magic 
dressea^Heroine  diBguise  (as  poor  girl) — Heroins  Bight— Menial 
heroine  (kitchen-maid)  —  Meeting-place  (church)  —  Threefold 
flight — LoBt  shoe— Heroine  quest — Happy  marriage — Father 
attends  wedding. 


I 


GuRERNATis,  Le  NffoeUint  di  Santo  StefaiiLK    Torino,  i86g. 
No.  Ill,  pp.  19-21. 

"  II  Trottolin  di  I.egno"  (The  Wooden  Top). 
Death-bed  promiae— Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test — Un- 
natural father— Old  woman  aid — Countertasks— Magic  dresses 
— Heroine  flight  (in  wooden  top) — Marquis  buys  Heroine's 
hiding-bos— Heroine  waits  on  him;  strikes  him  with  (i)  lonj's. 
(3)  broom,  (5)  shovt/l,  for  refusing  to  take  her  to  ha II ^Meeting- 
place  (ball) — Token  objects  named — Three-fold  flight — Heroine 
discovered— Happy  marriage. 


1   J,  t;.  VON  Hahn.  Gri<(his(kt  und  albamsehe  Mdreh<tt.     Leip/.ig, 
1S64.     Story  No.  XXVII,  voi.  i.  p.  191. 

'Allerleirauh." 
Unnatural  father — Father  puts  enigmatic  question  to  bishop, 
and  telis  daughter  he  has  sanctioned  marriage — Counter-tasks — 
Magic  dresses — Heroine  flight — Heroine  demands  deep  pit  to 
Iw  dug ;  yets  into  this,  and  earth  opens  further  to  receive  her. 
Wears  animal's  fell— Heroine  disguise— Hunting  prince  finds 
heroine,  and  Lakes  her  to  palace  as  goose  herd —Menial  heroine — 
Meeting-place  (ball) — Threefold  flight — Ducats  t^catteted  to 
detain  pursuers — Lost  shoe— Shoe  test— Heroine  brings  water 
to  prince,  who  sees  magic  dress  through  slit  in  fell — ^Happy 
marriage. 


B. — CATSKIN.  65 

Ibid,,  vol.  ii,  p.  225.     Variant  of  Story  No.  XXVII.  167 

"  Allerleirauh"  (second  version). 

Death-bed  promise — ^Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  tesi—Un- 
natmtd  father — Fate  aid — Coimter-tasks— Magic  dresses  (fur- 
nished by  devil) — Heroine  stipulates  to  go  unseen  to  bath  ; 
assisted  by  Fate  escapes  to  cave.  Heroine  disg^uise — Lives  there 
for  six  years. — Steals  food  from  hunting  prince,  spoiling  remainder 
with  salt  On  the  third  occasion  prince  discovers  her  in  hairy  dress, 
and  takes  her  to  palace.  She  remains  speechless — Meeting-place 
(wedding) — Threefold  flight — Money  scattered  to  detain  pur- 
suers— ^Love-sick  prince — Becognition  food  (ring,  watch,  and 
string  of  pearls  given  at  weddings).  Prince  cuts  off  heroine's 
hairy  disguise — [Happy  marriage.] 


Imbriani,  La  Navellaja  Fiorentina,  republished  with  La  Novellaja    168 
Milanese,  Livorno,  1877.    Variant  to  Story  No.  XI  (in  Milanese 
dialect),  pp.  158-162. 

"  La  SCINDIROEURA." 

Unnatmral  father — Counter-tasks — Magic  dresses — Heroine 
demands  talking  goose  which  she  puts  in  basin  of  water  and 
which  replies  for  her  when  father  calls — Heroine  disguise  (a  large 
cloak) — Heroine  flight— Menial  heroine — Hearth  abode — Meet- 
ing idace  (hall) — Twofold  flight  (heroine  does  not  attend  third 
ball ;  has  stolen  prince's  ring  at  second) — Love-sick  prince — Be- 
cognition food — Happy  marriage — Anon  prince  seeks  heroine's 
father. 


VuK  Karajich,  Serbian  Folktales,     No.  XXVIII.  169 

"  How  AN  Emperor's  Daughter  was  turned  into  a  Lamb." 

Deathbed  promise— Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test — ^Un- 
natural father — Heroine  stabs  herself;  is  restored  to  life  by 
father's  flute-playing,  as  directed  by  enchantress — Heroine  cuts 
off  left  hand  and  bums  right  in  fire.  Hands  are  restored  by 
magic  herb — Heroine  is  guarded,  but  seizes  staff  on  which  is 
written  "  Touch  me  not",  and  is  transformed  into  lamb.  En- 
chantress is  powerless  to  remove  spell. 


66  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

170     Patrick  Kennedy,  Fireside  Stories  of  Ireland,  1875,  PP-  81-87- 

"The  Princess  in  the  Catskins." 

Uimatural  father— Fairy  aid  (in  shape  of  filly)— CoimtertaskB 
—Magic  dresses — Heroine  disguise  (cat-skin  dress) — Heroine 
flight — Hunting  prince  finds  heroine  in  forest ;  takes  her  to 
palace — Menial  heroine — Prince  orders  heroine  to  bring  him  (i) 
basin  and  towel,  (2)  hot  water  and  towel,  (3)  needle  and  thread, 
that  he  may  observe  her — Meeting-place  (ball) — Recognition  of 
heroine  by  means  of  ring  placed  by  prince  on  her  finfi;er  at  third 
ball — Happy  marriage. 


171       Khudyakov,  Velikorusskiya  Skazki,     Moscow,  i860.     Part  11, 

p.  68.     No.  LIV. 

"  Perenovoe  Chudo"  (The  Wonder  of  Wonders). 

Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test — 
Unnatural  father — Heroine's  hiding-box  (bedstead  with  secret 
drawer) ;  sold  to  prince — Surprise  rencontre — Prince  clothes 
heroine  in  "wonder  of  wonders".  His  mother  omits  to  feed 
her  during  his  absence.  Heroine  runs  away ;  climbs  tree  over- 
hanging well — Three  daughters  of  sacramental-wafer-maker  see 
heroine's  reflection,  think  it  their  own,  and  refuse  to  draw  water. 
Mother  goes  to  well ;  calls  heroine  down — Love-sick  prince — 
Becognition  food  (wafer  made  by  heroine  and  having  impression 
of  her  ring  on  it) — Happy  marriage. 


172  Khudyakov,  op,  cit.     Part  11,  p.  70.     No.  LV. 

"  Mashka  Soplivka"  (Mary  the  Smutty-nosed). 

« 

Death-bed  promise — Deceased  mother's  ring  marriage  test — 
Unnatural  brother — Heroine  flight — Heroine  found  in  hollow 
tree  and  taken  by  children  to  their  parents^Meeting-place 
(feast) — Heroine  struck  with  (i)  boot,  (2)  towel,  (3)  looking- 
glass — Magic  equipage  from  hollow  tree — Token  objects  named 
— Happy  marriage. 


B. — CATSKIN.  67 

O.    KoLBERG,    Lud.  Krakaivskie.      f^The    People,    Province  of     173 

Cracow.)     Vol.  iv,  pp.  56-60. 

"  Krolewna  Kocie  oczy"  (Princess  Cat's-eyes). 
Unnatural  father — Heroine  possesses   five  Magic  dresses- 


Heroine  disguise  (dress  of  cat's-eyes) — [Heroine  flight] — Menial 
heroine  (at  palace) — Meeting-place  (church) — [Flight]— Search 
for  heroine  —  Love-sick  prince — Becognition  [food]  —  Happy 
marriage. 


Friedrich  S.  Krauss,  Sagen  und  MUrchen  der  Sildslaven,  174 

Leipzig,  1 883- 1 884.     Vol.  ii,  p.  339.     No.  138. 

"  VoM  Kaiser,  der  seine  eigne  Tochter  heirathen  wollte.'' 

Death-hed  promise — Deceased  wife's  resemblance  marriage 
test  —  Unnatural  fitther — Old  woman  aid — Counter-tasks — 
Magic  dresses — Heroine  disguise  (mouse-skin  dress) — Heroine 
fliC^t — Father  deluded  by  splashing  of  ducks  in  bath — Hunting 
prince  discovers  heroine  in  hollow  tree — Menial  heroine  (goose- 
girl) — Meeting-place  (ball) — Token  objects  named — Threefold 
flight — Lovesick  prince — Becognition  food,  contains  ring  given 
at  third  ball— Heroine  discovered — Happy  marriage — Heroine's 
daughter,  like  herself,  h^  star  on  brow — Heroine  visits  father — 
Old  woman  rewarded — Minister,  who  sanctioned  marriage  with 
daughter,  beheaded. 


E.  T.  Kristensen,  Jyski  Folkeminder  V.     .-tventyr  fra  Jylland      175 
Kobenha\Ti,  1881.     No.  IV,  pp.  38-45. 

"  Den  rode  Ko"  (The  Red  Cow). 

Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife's  clothes  marriage  test — 
Umiatm:al  father — Heroine  goes  to  drown  herself— Old  woman 
aid — Comitertasks— Gown  of  crows'  bills— Helpful  animal — 
(red  cow)— Heroine  flight  on  red  cow — They  pass  copper,  silver, 
gold  forests.  Spite  of  warning  heroine  plucks  a  leaf  in  each, 
causing  three  bulls  to  appear  and  fight  cow,  who  is  each  time 
victorious.  Cow  stays  on  green  hill  :  sends  heroine  to  palace — 
Menial  heroine  (cook) — Meeting  place  (cfamich)— Cow  does 


CINDER  ELL.' 


kiichcn-work — Heroine  wears  crowh'  bill  gown  ;  on  leaving  she 
[linnvs  beliind  bet  (i)  copper,  (a)  silver,  (3)  gold  knf— Threefold 
flight- -Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test — UiitUated  feet — Happy 
marriage— Father  attends  wedding. 


I.L(jKANJ>,  Rtcudl dn  Conies populains  Grta.       Paris,  1S81. 
No.  XXV. 

"XVI.OMARIE." 

Seatli-bed  promise  -  Deceased  wife's  clothes  marriage  test — 
TJunatural  father  -Coimter- tasks  Hagic  dresses — Heroine  dis- 
guise  (wooden  s li e.i I h)— Heroine  flight  -  Huniing  iirtni.e  takes 
heroine  10  palace,  .She  will  only  eat  human  food.  Queen  hits 
her  with  gridiron,  furnace  besom,  bobbin— Meeting-place  (wed- 
ding)— Token  objects  named — Heroine  takes,  (i)  ring,  (2)  walch 
and  ch.iin,  (3)  walch  from  prince,  whilst  he  sleeps- Threefold 
flight- Love-sick  prince — Recognition  Food -Heroine  disco- 
vered —Happy  marriage. 


177        LuztL,  Conies  fop.  dt  liitsse  Brttagnt.     I'aris,  18S7.    Vol.  lii, 
jjj».  247-261,     No.  V. 

"  La    FlLLh    fiU    KOI    l/EbKAGNK." 

Deceased  wife's  resemblance  and  wedding  clothes  marriage 
test —Unnatural  father^^ld  woman  aid— Coimter-tasks- 
Uagic  dreBsea- Heroine  disguise  (as  servani) — Heroine  flight-- 
Henial  heroine  (swineherd)— Heroine  discovered  ihrice  in  forest 
h\  hunting  lord;  she  doffs  magic  dress  ere  he  reaches  her — Young 
lord  hides  at  neighbouring  farm,  goes  to  bed  in  dark  comer,  and 
fcign.s  to  be  poor  sick  woman ;  farmers  wife  does  his  bidding.  He 
is  visited  in  turn  by  three  young  ladies  (rom  castle,  one  of  whom 
he  was  to  select  as  bride.  Each  makes  confession  to  him;  the 
first  has  abandoned  her  one  child,  ihe  second  her  two  children, 
the  third  her  three  children.  Fourth  day  swineherd  brings  food 
from  castle;  tells  suppost-d  old  woman  who  she  is.  Young  lord 
goes  home:  sups  alone  with  three  young  ladies,  (togs  them, 
denounces  them,  sends  them  to  their  homes.  Calls  swineherd, 
telK  of  her  revelation  lo  him — Happy  marriage. 


T\. — CATSKTN.  69 

Fr.    Maspons    V    Labros,    Lo   Rondaliayre  (Quentos   populars     178 
Catalans).    Fart  ii.    Barcelona,  1872.    No.  XVI,  pp.  72-75. 

"  La  Pell  d^Ase"  (The  Ass's  Skin). 

Death-bed  promiBe— Deceased  wife's  resemblance  marriage 
test— Umiatiiral  father— Old  woman  aid— Heroine  dresses  in 
ass-skin,  and  makes  herself  dirty,  but  fails  to  repulse  father — 
Ooimter-tasks  —  Magic  dresses  —  Heroine  disguise — Heroine 
flight — Menial  heroine  (goose-girl  at  king's  farm) — Heroine  at 
river-bank  doffs  disguise  and  puts  on  finery.  Geese  in  their 
admiration  will  not  feed  ;  grow  thinner  daily.  Prince  hears  them 
sing  about  lovely  lady ;  goes  to  spy — Heroine  discovered — Prince 
seeks  her  vainly  after  this ;  takes  her  ring  from  her  room — Love- 
sick prince— Bing  marriage  test  —Happy  marriage. 


Ihid.     Part  in.    Barcelona,  1875.     I,  p.  in.  179 

Unnatural  father — Priest  aid — Counter-tasks — Magic  dresses 
— Heroine's  hiding-box — Heroine  flight — Prince  buys  chest  con- 
taining heroine — Surprise  rencontre — Prince  goes  to  war ;  bids 
servants  take  food  to  his  room  as  usual.  They  spy  heroine 
through  key-hole ;  cast  her  into  a  pit  of  thorns,  and  sell  chest. 
Peasants  deliver  heroine  and  make  her  tend  swine.  Prince  re- 
turns, seeks  heroine  in  vain,  falls  ill.  King  offers  reward  for 
cheering  prince.  Swineherd  appears,  is  recognised  by  ring — 
Happy  marriage. 


Mg/usineyi.  \\\,    (1886.)     Col.  404-5.  -p- 

"Peau  d*Ane." 

(Note — The  beginning  of  the  story  is  missing.) 
Two  sisters  buy  donkey  ;  the  one  in  love  with  king's  son  wears 
its  skin — Heroine  disguise  (ass-skin) — Menial  heroine  (turkey- 
girl) — Heroine  discovered  by  hunting  prince.  Chaffinch  warns 
her — Lovesick  prince — Becognition  food,  contains  heroine's  ring 
— Bing  marriage  test — Happy  marriage. 


Prof.  Mdi.tkk  Moe's  Unpublished  Collection. 
"Tr.kklatra"  tWood-Clatter), 
Death-bed  prom ifie— Deceased  wife's  ring  mamage  test — 
Unnatural  father  Counter-tasks  Magic  dresses  -Heroine 
disguise  (wooden  cloak)— Heroine  flight  -Menial  heroine  (at 
palace)— Heroine  carries  writer,  towel,  hanci kerchief,  to  king — 
Ueeting-place  (church)  —  Token  objects  named — Threefold 
flight— Lost  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.    (From  Flatdal.) 

"JKNTEN  MF,n  KfiAAKESKiNDsKjOLEfi"  (The  Girl  wich  the 
Crowskin  Cloak). 


Unnatural  father  -  Old   woman  aid— Counter-taska — Magic 
dresses — [Heroine  disguise   (crowsMn  cloak)]- Heroine  flight 
— Menial    heroine    (soulkry-maid    at    [Kilace)  -    Meeting-place 
(church)— Threefold  flight— Lost  shoe-  Shoe  marriage  test- 
Happy  marriage. 

Df.  Nino  (Antonio),    Usi  t  costumi  ithruitesi.    Firenite,  1S83.  I 
Vol.  iii,  pp.  90-98.     No.  XVII. 

"  Ze'  Suverina"  (Dame  Cork). 
Death-bed  promise-  -Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test — Un> 
natural    father   -Fairy    aid— Countertaaks  -  Magic    dresses- 
Heroine  di^iiise  (cork  dress)-  -Heroine  flight  (after  wedding)— 
Father  deluded  by  splashing  of  pigeons  in  water — Heroine  ii 
drws   thrown   by  fairy  into  sea :  found  by  prince  and  taken  nn 
curiosity   to  palace;   called    "Dame    Cork"— Menial 
(goosehetd)— Every  Sunday  heroine  doffs  disguise,  dons  nugifjl 
dress,  climbs  inlii  tree  and  combs  hair,  from  which  fall  golden 
pips  which  gccsc  peck.     They  sins  round  tree.     I'rince  on  wajM 
10  ball  meets  heroine  ;  throws  (i)  Loot,  (i)  shovel,  at  her,  (3)  hitt 
her,  for  asking  where  he  '\%  going-  Meeting-place  (ball)— Tok< 
olyecta  named     Threefold  flight-  Handfjl  of  aslie- 
the  air  turns  to  mist  and  hinders  pursuit- Loveaick  prince— 
BeoogoitiOQ   food   (contains  ring   given  at   third    ball)— Happyl 
nturiige. 


I 


B. — CATSKIN.  71 

Pedroso,  Portuguese  Folk-tales  (F.-L.  Soc.).    I^ndon,  1882.         184 

No.  XVI,  pp.  66-72. 

"The  Princess  who  would  not  marry  her  Father." 

Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test — 
Vmiatural  father  —  Old  woman  aid  —  Gomiter-tasks  —  Magic 
dresses — Heroine  disguise  (wooden  dress) — Heroinie  flight — 
Menial  heroine — Calls  herself  Maria  do  Pau — King  watches 
heroine  in  magic  dress  tending  ducks,  and  hears  her  sing  that  she 
is  a  king's  daughter.  Heroine,  disguised,  asks  permission  to  go  to 
feast;  king  throws  at  her  (i)  boots,  (2)  towel,  (3)  walking-stick — 
Magic  wand  provides  carriage  for  heroine — Meeting  place 
(feast) — Token  objects  nam^ — Money  thrown  to  guards — 
Threefold-flight — Heroine  discovered — King  sees  through  key- 
hole heroine  doing  embroidery;  asks  her,  when  waiting  on  him, 
to  embroider  him  shoes.  She  pretends  she  cannot — Surprise 
rencontre — Happy  marriage. 


Perrault.  185 

"Peau  d'Ane." 

Death-bed  promise  (second  wife  must  be  more  beautiful  than 
deceased  wife) — Unnatural  father — Fairy  godmother  aid — 
Counter-tasks — Magic  dresses — Gold-ass  killed  by  father  at 
heroine's  request — Magic  wand  makes  casket  of  jewels  travel 
underground  and  appear  at  command — Heroine  disguise- 
Heroine  flight — ^Menial  heroine — Heroine  discovered  (through 
key-hole)— Love-sick  prince — Becognition  food— Bing  marriage 
test — Happy  marriage— Father  forgiven — (Moral). 


PiTRE,  Fiabe^  novelle  e  racconti  pop,  Siciliani^  vol.  i.     Story         186 

No.  XLIII,  p.  381. 

"  Pilusedda"  (Little  Hairy). 

Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test— Un- 
natural father — Enchanter  aid — Counter-tasks — Magic  dresses 
(devil  provides  them  in  exchange  for  father's  soul) — Heroine  dis- 
gjoise  (horse-ski n)-7-Heroine  flight — Father  deluded  by  splashing 
of  pigeous  in  bath.     Smashes  his  head  in  his  rage :  devil  fetches 


7S  riVtiP.RF.IJ.A   VARIANTS. 

him— Prince  takes  disguised  heroine  to  palace;  grows  fond  of  I 
strange  animal,  who  gives  name  "  Pilusedda",     She  asks  him  for  I 
paste  to  make  loaf;  puts  father's  watch  in  loaf  which  gets  taken  | 
to  prince.     Twice  again  shu  puis  jewellery  in  loaves.     Prince  J 
suspects  ;  invites  her  to  chapel-royal.     Heroine  breaks  (i)  walnut, 
(2)  chesnut,  (3)  filbert,  given  by  enchanitr :  fairies  apfiear  with  I 
clothes,  jewels,  and   carriages — Heeting-place   (chapel-royal) — 
Threefold  flight— Pursuers  detained  by  (i)  peniU  from  her  hair, 
(i)gold  and  silver.     Third  time  prince  drives  after  her,  catches 
her  as  she  enters  palace,  and  makes  her  explain— Happy  mar< 
riage. 


Thid.,  p,  388.     Variant  of  No.  XLIII. 


"FlDI 


"  (Faith  and  Creed). 


Death-bed  promise — Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test— 1Tii>  I 
natural  father  -Heroine  demands  fifteen  days'  tL-spite  ;  shuts  [ 
herself  up  with  sister  and  jirovisions  in  gilded  wooden  case,  which  \ 
is  cast  into  sea.  King  of  Portugal  keeps  Heroine's  hiding-box— 
Heroine  discovered— Happy  marriage-  Father  attends  wedding ;  I 
curses  heroine ;  transforms  her  into  lizard  for  a  year,  a  month,  and  J 
a  day.  Afterwards  she  may  cry  thrice  at  midnight  at  sister's  | 
window  :  if  answered,  she  will  regain  human  fonn,  otherwise  be  I 
li/ard  for  ever.  Heroine  makes  sister  substituted  bride— Sister  | 
sleeps,  but  king  hears  ii;card's  cr^'  and  wakes  bride,  Retransfor- 
niation  and  restoration  of  heroine. 


Ibid.     Stor)'  No.  Xl.V,  p.  393. 
"  I. A  Ckrva"  (The  Deer). 
King  and   Queen    have  daughter  with  teeth  of  gold  (heroine)! 
and  daughter  with  teeth  of  silver— Death-bed  promise- Deceased  ' 
wife's    ring    marriage    teBt--Qimatural    father-  -Pope    aid — 
Counter-tasks — Uagic  dresses- Heroint-  and  sisiiT  get  into  chest 
which  Pope  throws  mto  sea--Sick  prince  finds  Heroine's  hiding- 
boz^Heroine  discovered  —  Happy  marriage  —  Father's  ci 
transforms    heroine    to   deer— Sister   impersonates    bride :    says  1 


Madonna  has  changed  her  teeth  from  gold  to  silver — Pr 
hunts  in  forest,  wounds  deer,  who  runs  to  |jala<-C,  binds  u|) 
and  dons  usual  dothes.     Ficplanalion  follows. 


I 


I'rvm  UN!)  SociN,  Dei-  neu-aramahche  Dialtkt  </c(  Tur'Al-din. 
No.  LI  I. 
Death-bed  proiniae—  Deceased  wife's  shoe  test — TTnnatiu'al 
Father — Counter-tasks— Heroine's  hiding  box-  Father  sells 
chest  containing  heroine  to  [irince— Surprise  rencontre — Happy 
marriage. 


Rfim 


(its  Langt4es  Romanes,  t.  v  (1874),  p.  369,     (By  M, 
Emilien  Hubac ;  from  Oignac  H^rault.) 


"  La  Peau  ii'Ane." 
TTnoatural  father-  Counter-tasks — Uagic  dresses — l-leroine 
demands  skin  uf  gold-ass-  Heroine  flight  -Fairy  [godmother] 
aid-  Heroine  disgtiise  (ass-skin)  -Menial  heroine  {^ht^pherde^^s 
at  casile)— Heroine  discovered  by  king's  son  -Lovesick  prince— 
Recognition  food,  contains  ring  given  by  fairy —Bong  marriage 
test— Happy  marriage —Father  attends  wedding. 


Rei'lie  lies  Traditions  Popiilaires,  \.  iii,  pp.  j68-j7i. 
•■■|he  White  (Ioat." 
Father  visits  white-goat'a  castle  ;  omits  to  thank  bis  invisibic 
\  host.     Muiit  rt;turn  next  day  or  bring  youngest  daughter  in  his 
id.     U'hite-goat  wants  to  marry  heroine  ;  bids  her  not  look  in 
I  his  ear.     Whilst  he  sleeps  she  looks  and  finds  key  which  opens 
ihree  chambers  wherein  for  seven  years  workers  have  been  making 
robes,  etc.,  for  her.     White-goat  is  awake  when  she  would  replacL- 
key  ;  he  reproves  her  and  she  leaves  him  to  return  home — Death- 
bed promise — Deceased  wife's  resemblance  marriage  test— Un- 
natural father— Fairy  godmother  aid — Coimter-tasks — Uagic 
dresses --Herome    escapes    in    magic    wheelliarrow  :    Heroine 
flight — Heroine  disguise  (ass-skin)-C'n  way  to  casllt  she  begs 
from  pickers,  a  walnut,  an  almond,  a  nut— Menial  heroine  (turkey 
girl) — (Task  self-imposed)  — Heroine  asks  mistress  for  hemp. 


CINDEREI,I.A    VARIANTS. 


which  magic  spinning  insiniments  [contained  in  three  nuts],  spin 
and  wind — Spy  on  lieroine — Mistress  wants  to  buy  magic  instru- 


Heroine  parts  with  each  i 
night  in  chamber  of  echoes — Sen-s 
whjte-goat  and  complain — Maste 
draughl,  hears  also  and  replies  tc 
Becognition  food,  contains  heroim 
Happy  mamage. 


1  lurn  for  permission  to  pass 
Its  hear  her  calling  all  night  to 
's  son  throws  away  sleeping- 
heroine— Love-sick  prince — 
s  ring — Bing  marriage  test — 


(192       RivUia  di Lilleralura  Popalari.     Roma,  1877.     "  Novelline  di 
Santo  Stefano  di  Calcinaia."     No.  V,  p.  86. 

"  PeI  I.ICINA." 

Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test  —  Unnatural  father — 
Fairy  aid  —  Counter-tasks  —  Magic  dresses —Heroine  flight — 
Menial  heroine  (works  in  garden)— Meeting-place  (ball)- -Token 
objects  named— Threefold  flight— Love-eick  prince — ^Eec(^- 
nition  food — Happy  marriage. 


Rom/;ro,  Coitlos  popularti  do  Brazil.     Lisbon,  1885. 
Section  I.    Story  No,  IX,  p.  29. 

"  Dona  Labismina." 
Queen  wishes  for  a  child,  "even  a  snake";  has  daughter  with 
snake  round  her  neck  ;  no  one  can  remove  it.  Child  is  fond  of 
snake.  It  leaves  her  neck  to  play  in  the  sea ;  one  day  it  returns 
no  more,  but  tells  heroine  thai  when  in  danger  she  may  call  for 
it,  whose  name  is  I^bismina — Death-bed  promise— Deceased 
wife's  ring  marriage  teat— Umiatural  father— Snake  aid— 
Counter-tasks — Magic  dresses — Heroine  flight  in  ^hip  provided 
by  Dona  I-abismina,  who  gives  her  directions  and  bids  her,  aiter 
she  is  married  to  prince,  call  three  times  for  Ijtbismina,  who  will 
then  l>e  disenchanted  and  a  princess — Menial  heroine  (tends 
poultry) —Meeting-place  (festival) — Threefold  flight — Love^sick 
prince —Recognition  food  (containing  jewel  given  at  thnd 
festival)— Happy  marriage— Heroine  forgets  to  call  I.abismina, 
who  remains  enchanted;  and  that  is  why  sea  roars  in  fury  (i[ 
times. 


B. — CATSKIN.  75 

ScHLEiCHERy  LitautscAg  MdrcA^n,  eU.    Weimar,  1857.    Pp.  10-12.     194 

"  The  Beautiful  Princess." 

Dying  queen  has  stars  on  brow,  sun  and  moon  on  head — Un- 
natural father — Gountertasks — Heroine  demands  louse-skin 
dress,  etc.,  and  gold  shoe — Old  woman  aid— Heroine  flight — 
Ferryman  tries  to  drown  heroine  for  refusing  him— Rock  opens 
to  receive  Magic  dresses — Menial  heroine  (scullion) — Heroine 
eager  to  wait  on  mistress's  secretary,  who  is  her  brother.  He 
throws  things  at  her— Meeting-place  (church)— Brother  attracted 
by  heroine,  who  attends  several  times  in  state.  Once  she  does 
not  doff  fine  dress ;  throws  everyday  clothes  over  it — Brother 
sends  for  her  to  search  his  head— Heroine  discovered — Heroine 
and  brother  go  forth  together. 


Arthur  und  Albert  Schott,  IVaiachische  Mdrchen.     Stuttgart    195 
und  Tubingen,  1845.     Tale  No.  Ill,  pp.  96-100. 

"  Die  Kaisertochter  im  Schweinstall." 

Unnatural  Father — Nurse  aid — Counter-tasks — Magic  dresses 
— Heroine  ties  goat  to  string  by  which  father  thinks  to  hold  her 
when  out  of  sight — ^Heroine  disguise— Heroine  flight — Hunting 
prince  finds  heroine  in  forest;  thinks  her  strange  beast,  and 
puts  her  in  pig-sty — Meeting-place  (ball) — Ring  put  on  heroine^s 
finger— ThiWold  flight— Love-sick  prince — ^Becognition  food 
— ^Happy  marriage. 


Paul  Sebillot,  Z/'/Arra/wr^  orale  de  la  Haute- Bretagne,      Paris,    196 

1 881.     Pp.  73-78. 

"  Peau  d'Anette." 


Unnatural  father — Counter-tasks — Magic  dresses  (declined  by 
heroine) — Heroine  flight  with  magic  chest — ^Heroine  disguise 
(ass-skin) — Menial  heroine  (goose-girl  at  farm) — Heroine  dis- 
covered by  young  master — Tasks  (to  prove  heroine  worthy  of 
marrying  young  master):  (i)  Spinning,  performed  by  big-eyed 
woman;    (2)  knitting,   performed    by  Jong-eared  woman;  -(3) 


76  CINTEHELtA    VARIANTS. 

cooking,  performed  by  woman  with  hugf  teeth  ;  (4)  sweeplfi] 
performed  liy  man.  Heroine  promises  lo  invile  eauh  benefacK 
to  wedding;:  forgets  man  till  just  in  time    Happy  maniage. 


^97    Socit-tc  de  I.itti'rature  Finnoise.     MS.  Collections,     Byj.Soini, 
1878.     {Krom  Wahakyrii,  in  Ostroboihnia.) 

"The  Three  Dresses." 

Unnatural  father — [Counter- tasks]  Heroine  to  procure  (1) 
gold  dress,  (7)  silver  drt^ss.  (3)  <  ru«'s-beak  gown  ;  then  father  will 
release  her— Dead  mother  help  at  grave  Uagic  dreBses-  Old 
man  aid— Heroine  disguise  (crow'a-beakgown)  Heroine  flight, 
in  carriage  olitained  by  means  of  magic  ball  given  by  old  nian- 
Uenial  heroine  (swineherd  at  palacv)— King's  son  throws  ai 
heroine  (1)  water,  (j)  towel,  (3)  hoots  Table  seri'ed  by  mtans  of 
magic  ball— Meeting.place  (church)— Token  objects  named — 
Threefold  flight  Fitch  trap  Lost  shoe  Shoe  test  Happy 
marriage. 


Ibid.      My  K.  T.  Ander 


son.     (l-'rimi  l.oppi,  in  'I'avasilnndia.) 
KtNiiV  l)\n;HTrk," 


nonatural  father  Counter-tasks -Hagic  dresses—  Crow 's-b  ill 
dress  not  worn  as  disguise  Heroine  flight  (in  boat  wliicb  travels 
by  sea  or  land)  Heroine  disguise  (rags)  Uenial  heroine 
(swineherd  at  palace)  King  hits  heroine  with  (1)  towel,  (2) 
slippers  Heeting-ploce  (fete)  Token  objects  named- King, 
remembering  treatment  of  swineherd,  hurries  back.  Heroine 
home  first-  Twofold  flight—  King  sends  for  swineherd  ;  tears  off 
rafts  :  asks  her  pardon  ;  woos  her  for  son     Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.     (I'roni  N'arpakyla.     Narrated  by  Ogafja  \'asi!jovoa, 

aged  twenty-seven  years.) 

Unnatural  father — Hother  help  at  grave— Heroine  flight — 
Herome  asks  leave  to  lake  bath  before  wedding  ;  escapes  ;  throws 
(1)  brush,  (i)  comb,  (3)  looking-glass  behind  her  as  obstacles  to 


B.-CATSKIN.  77 

pursuit.  Father  must  each  lime  go  home  to  Tetch  sword  to  cut 
way  through  insurmountable  wall ;  little  bird  obliges  him  to  take 
sword  back  each  time — Heroine  reaches  king's  stable-yard — 
Heroine  di^uise  (pigskin) — Meoial  heroine  -Heroine  carries 
(i)  soap,  (2)  w.iier,  (3)  shirt  to  king;  he  throws  each  at  her  - 
Eank  dresses  kept  at  foot  of  oak-tree — Meeting-place  (church) 
•  -Kinj;  sends  sister  10  .jiiestion  heroine-  Token  objects  named 
— Threefold  flight-  -Pitch  traps  -  Lost  hat,  glove,  and  shoe — 
Hat,  glove,  and  shoe  marriage  tests — On  way  to  church  heroine 
alights  from  carriage  to  doff  pigskin  and  don  splendid  dress — 
Happy  marriage. 

Stk.m-akoi.a,  TreJifi  Ni.tU.  \.      Favola  IV.  200'1 

Death-bed  promise  Deceased  wife's  ring  marriage  test  Un- 
natural father  -Nurse  aid-  Heroine's  hiding-box— Life  sustain- 
ing drops — King  buys  wardrobe  containing  heroine — Surprise 
rencontre— Happy  marriage — l-'alher  comes  as  merchant ;  mur- 
ders heroine's  children  :  in  guise  of  astrologer  denounces  heruinc. 
She  is  buried  alive.  I'ather  returns  home.  Old  nurse  comes  to 
clear  heroine.     Father  is  caught  and  killed. 


V£RMAi,EKEN,  In  l/u  LattU  of  Marvels.     Folk-talcs  from  Austria   201 1 
and  Bohemia.    London,  1884.    No.  XXXIIl,  pp.  183  fT. 
"Blsom-Cast,  Hkush-Casv,  Comb-Cast." 
Deceased  wife  resemblance  marriage  test  (golden  cross  on 
brow)  — Uimatnral    father -Heroine    flight  —  Faithful    ser^■ant 
accompanies  lieroinc,  taking  dresses  and  jewels.— Heroine  dis- 
guise.   Heroine  stains  hands  and  face  ;    wears  cap  and  ragged 
clothes— Henial  heroine  —  Token  objects  thrown  —  Meeting- 
place  (ball)  —  Threefold  flight — Love-sick  prince — Kecognition 
food  (ring  given  at  third  ball)  —Happy  marriage. 

WALUAt;,  Bohmis(hes  Mdrchenlmch.    I'rag,  i860.     Pp.  502-518. 

"Thk  Princess  with  tht.  Gold  .Star  on  her  Brow." 

Death  bed  promise-  Deceased  wife  resemblance  marriage  test 

-Unnatural   father  -  Countertasks     Magic  dresses     Motlier 


78  CINDERF.l.L 

help  in  dream— Heroine  disguise  (mouse-sljin  dress).  Veil  from 
molher  renders  her  invisible  -  Heroine  flight — Dresses  hidden 
under  stone  ;  fish  to  guard  ihtm  -Menial  heroine  (kiicheninaid), 
called  "  Mouse-skin"  -Meeting-place  (ball (^Threefold  flight — 
Lovesick  prince— Hecognition  food  (contains  ring  given  at  third 
ball)— Prince  suspects  kilchen-maid,  makes  hole  in  wall  of  bath- 
house to  spy — Heroine  discovered— Happy  marriage— Cook 
rewarded  for  kindness  to  heroine — Penitent  father,  lo  whom  dead 
wile  has  appeared  in  dream,  rejoices  to  find  lost  daughter. 


\We.R^ve.R,  Basi/ue  Legends.     London,  1877.     P.  165. 

Death-bed  promise  -  Deceased  wife  resemblance  marriage 
teat  —  Unnatural  father  ~  Godmother  aid  —  Counter-tasks^ 
Magic  dresses— Heroine  disguise- Flight— Menial  heroine — 
[Meeting-place  (ball)-  -  etc.— Happy  marriage.] 


I  204    W,  Wb.RVHO,  Podaiiia  Lolcifskie  (Conies  lelles).    Warsaw,   1891. 
Pp.  13-16. 
Dimatural   father — Mother  help  at  grave— Counter-tasks ; 

talk  ill  j^-siicks,  ball  of  mist,  sltdge  of  wind — Heroine  repairs  to 
bath.  Heroine  flight  -Sticks  answer  father-  Dog  sent  aft(?r 
heroine,  brings  back  heart  of  tiarc- -Menial  heroine  (swineherd 
at  palace) — Token  objects  thrown;  alttrwards  namt-d  Hagic 
dresses  from  treasure-oak- Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold 
flight  Pitch  trap--Lo8t  shoe  [Shoe  marriage  test]-  King 
tccogiiises  hcroint; ;  spies  magic  drifss  bentath  rags — Happy 
marriage. 


WovciCKi,  Pohiische  Volkisagiti  und  Miirehen,  iraitslated  into 
German  by  KH.Lewestam.  Berlin,  1831,.  Bk.  ni.  No.Vlll, 
pp.  128-30. 

"  Brother  anu  Sister." 

Unnattiral   brother — Sister    promises  compliance   if  brother 

cannot  find  maiden  lovely  as  hmclf  10  bt  his  bndc-.     .\fitr  seven 

years'  vain  search  he  returns  lo  claim  her — CDimtertasks^Uagic 


B. — CATSKIN.  79 

dresses — Carriage  which  travels  alone  and  unseen — Heroine 
flight  (underground  in  magic  carriage) — Spittle  speaks  in  voice 
of  heroine's  maid — Brother  breaks  into  her  empty  room. 


Zbibr  wiadomoscido  antropologji  Krajoivej.  Cracow,  1877-92.  Vol.    206 
ii,  pp.   T49-151.     (From  neighbourhood  of  Dob,  Government 
of  Plock.) 

"  Kr6l6wna  sa  Popielucha"  (The  Princess  as  Cinderella). 

Vimatural  father — Counter-tasks — Magic  dresses — Heroine 
disguise  (cloak  of  lice) — Heroine  flight — Menial  heroine  (scul- 
lion at  palace) — Token  objects  —  Meeting-place  (church) — 
[Threefold  flight] — ^Pitch  trap — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage 
test  (at  ball) — Heroine  found  in  kitchen — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.y  vol.  xi,  pp.  81-83.     (From  district  of  Olkusz,  (jovernment    207 

of  Kielce.) 
"  O  MvszEj  Sk6rce"  (Mouse-skin). 

Unnatural  father — Virgin  aid — Counter-tasks — Magic  dresses 
— Heroine  disguise  (mouse-skin  cloak) — ^Heroine  flight  (in  mist) 
— Menial  heroine  (scullion  at  palace) — Token  objects — ^Meeting- 
place  (church) — [Twofold  flight] — Cook  sets  heroine  to  make 
cakes  for  king  ;  spies  through  chink,  and  sees  her  dofT  disguise  ; 
reports  to  king — Happy  marriage. 


C.     CAP   O'    RUSHES. 

Anhivio  per  lo  SliiJiv  delle  Tradisiuiii  pii/>o/iiri.      Palermo,  i 

eta     Stor>'  from  Parma,  pp.  49-54.  1 

"I^   SeNDR.*RIEULA." 

King  has  ihree  thrones,  white,  red,  black,  which  he  occuiiii^ 
according  to  mood.  Youngest  daughter  is  the  favourite;  he  is 
angry  with  elder  daughters  and  sits  on  black  throne — King  Lear 
judgment— Loviug  like  salt — Outcast  heroine  (=  youngeBt)  — 
Servant  sparer  heroine's  IJle  \  deludes  king  u it h  sheep's  heart  and 
heroine's  clothes -Heroine  disguise  (ass-skin) — Witch  aid  — 
Magic  wand  and  nut  given  to  heroine—  King  (=  father)  hunts  in 
forest ;  his  dc^  discovers  heroine  and  lakes  her  daily  whatever  he 
catches— King  tracks  dog  to  hollow  tree,  finds  heroine  in  ass-slcin. 
Likes  her  to  palace  as  kitchen-maid — Menial  heroine — Hagic 
dresses— Heeting  place  (ball)— Threefold  flight— Confetti  and 
flowers  .scattered  to  hinder  pursuit— Lost  aboe — Heroine  has 
stayed  beyond  midnight.  In  her  haste  10  undress  she  omits  to 
remove  gold  stockings — Shoe  marriage  test — Sisters  for  fun  insist 
on  trying  shoe  on  kitchen  maid,  who  tries  to  hide  gold  stockings — 
Happy  marriage— King  rejoices  to  recover  daughter.  Sisters  are 
jealous. 


BtKNOM,  /■'ia/'c  popolan  Veneziane.     \'ene/ia,  187J.    Story 

No.  XIV,  pp.  68-74  (in  dialect). 

"  I.oviNd  LiK?;  Salt." 

King  Lear  judgment  ^Loving  like  salt— Outcast  heroine — 

Servant  s|iares  heroine's  life  \  deludes  king  with  eyes  and  heart  of 

dog — Old  woman  aid^Heroine  disguise ;  magic  wand  placed  in 

her  bosom    make,-,    heroine    look   tike    an  old    woman— Henial 

heroine— l'rin<e  looks  through  key-hole  of  hen-house — Heroine 

discovered —Happy  marriage— Value  of  salt — Ser\am  rewarded. 


C. — CAP   O'  RUSHES.  8l 

Bihlioteca  delas  Tradiciones  Populares  Espafwlas^  vol.  viii.    Cuento    210 

No.  I,  p.  175. 

"XuANON  DEL  CoRTEZON  "  (Johnny  of  the  Bark). 

King  Lear  judgment — Loving  like  salt — Outcast  heroine — 

Servants  spare  heroine's  life  ;  delude  king  with  eyes  of  bitch — 
Heroine  disguise  (clothes  bought  of  shepherd)— Menial  heroine 
(tends  turkeys  as  man)  —  Heroine  doffs  disguise ;  turkeys 
seeing  her  in  royal  robes  forget  in  their  admiration  to  feed.  One 
dies  every  day.  Heroine  explains  that  they  die  in  fight.  But 
prince  goes  to  spy — Heroine  discovered — Lovesick  prince  insists 
that  Johnny  of  the  Bark  (heroine)  shall  bring  him  broth,  though 
cook  protests  that  Johnny  is  so  filthily  dirty — Prince  tells  heroine 
what  he  has  witnessed— Happy  marriage— Value  of  salt — 
Father  falls  dead  on  recognising  heroine. 


Jean-Francois  Blade,   Contes  populaires  recueillis  en  Agenais,    211 

Paris,  1874.     Pp.  31-41. 

"  The  Turkey  Girl." 

Faithful  servant  counsels  king  not  to  part  with  all  his  property 
to  daughters  -  King  Lear  judgment— Loving  like  salt — Outcast 
heroine— Faithful  servant  saves  heroine  from  death,  finds  her 
employment  as  turkey  girl ;  deludes  king  with  tongue  of  dog — 
Elder  daughters  marry ;  bribe  lawyer  to  disobey  father's  instruc- 
tions about  deed — Outcast  father— Faithful  servant  accompanies 
him,  and  finds  him  farm  residence — Heroine  disguise  (peasant's 
dress)--Menial  heroine— Dresses  (rank)— Meeting-place  (ball) — 
Threefold  flight — Hunting  prince  remarks  resemblance  of  turkey 
girl  to  stranger  at  ball — Lost  shoe — Shoe  test— Shoe  marriage 
test  —  Father's  restoration  task— Villain  Nemesis  —  Happy 
Marriage — Faithful  servant  chooses  bride  and  sits  with  her  at 
royal  table. 

Jean-Francois  Blade,  Contes  populaires  de  la  Gascogne, 
Paris,  1886.     Vol.  i,  pp.  251-66. 

"  La  Gardeuse  de  Dindons." 

(This  story  resembles  the  above,  q,  v.) 


Stuckhoim,  1882.     ?. 


"Salt  og  Brod"  (Sail  and  Uread). 
Heroine  accused  by  step-sisters  of  not  loving  father — King 
Lear  judgment-  -Loving  like  salt  (and  bread)— Outcast  heroine 
— Hunting  prince  fincis  heroine  naked  in  tree  :  throws  his  mantle 
over  her — Happy  marriage  Fiither  and  slep-sisters  attend  wed- 
ding— Value  of  salt  (and  brt-ad) — Villain  NemeeiB.  Step-sis 
driven  naked  into  forest. 


1 


Braga,   Cantos  Tradidoiuits  do  J^oi'o  J'ortugtiez.     (Oporto 
date.)     Story  No.  L.     Vol.  i,  p.  12.'. 
"Salt  and  Water." 
King  Lear  judgm^it — Loving  like  Bait — Outcast  heroine — 
Uenial  heroine  (cook)  puts  ring  of  value  in  pie — Ring  test :  only 
cook  can  wear  ii.     IVince  waiches  her  secretly  :  Heroine  dieco- 
vered— Happy  marriage — Value  of  salt. 

^Vin.,  Folk-Ure  0/  Rome.     Ijpndon,  1S74.     I'p. 
"The  Value  of  Salt." 
King  Lear  judgment— Loving  like  salt — (Outcast  heroine).] 
Youngest  daughter  to  live  apart  in  separate  wing  of  the  palace 
persuades  cook  to  prepare  father's  food  without  salt  ;  is  restored 
to  favour^Value  of  salt. 


215     Comparetii,  NovtlHiK popolari  Italiant.    Roma,  Torino,  Firei 
1875.     Story  No.  LXI.  pp.  364-68. 
"Occhi-Mauci"  (Blear-Eye). 
King  Lear  judgment — Loving  like  salt — Outcast  hen>in< 

zcunipanies  heroine.      They  meet  funeral  of  old  woman' 
aged  hundred  years  ;  nurse  buys  her   skin  from  grave-diggcr^ — 
Heroine  disguise—  Prince  takes  old  woman(  =  disguised  heroine) 
to  palace  ;  she  is  nicknamed  Blear-Eye.     Queen  is  surprised 
find  liow  beautifully  she  can  spin  and  sew — Heroine  discovered- 
Happy  marriage — Value  of  salt 


I 

I 
I 


C— CAP   O'  RUSHES.  83 

Coronedi-Berti,  NovelU  popolari  BolognesL     No.  Ill,  216 

pp.  200-204. 

"  La  Fola  del  Candlir"  (The  Story  of  the  Candlestick). 

King  Lear  judgment — Loviiig  like  salt — Outcast  heroine — 
Heroine  to  be  slain ;  mother  contrives  to  spare  her ;  shuts 
her  with  food  in  silver  candlestick  which  servant  must  sell  to 
rich  man — Prince  buys  Heroine's  hiding-box,  keeps  it  in  dining- 
room — Heroine  eats  supper  prepared  for  prince.  Servants  scolded 
— ^Third  night  prince  hides  under  table — Surprise  rencontre — 
Candlestick  kept  henceforth  in  prince's  room.  Prince  supposed 
insane  for  insisting  he  will  marry  candlestick,  which  is  taken  to 
church — Heroine  revealed — Happy  marriage — Mother  of  prince 
has  food  without  salt  prepared  for  heroine's  father;  will  not  let 
heroine  attend  wedding  feast — Value  of  salt — Heroine  restored 
to  repentant  father.     Heroine's  mother  sent  for. 


Fin  a  MORE,  Tradizioni  popolart  Abruzzesi.     Lanciano,  1882.        217 

Vol.  i,  pp.  130-32.     No.  XXVI. 

"  Lu  ScARTOZZE  DE  Sale"  (The  Screw  of  Salt). 

Gifts  from  father  :  heroine  outcast  for  choosing  screw  of  salt — 
Outcast  heroine — Heroine  disguise. (old-woman  skin) — Menial- 
heroine  (minds  poultry) — Heroine  doffs  disguise;  hens  sing  in 
admiration.  She  kills  one  each  day.  Mistress  spies  ;  tells  prince, 
who  persuades  disguised  heroine  to  be  scullion  at  palace — 
Heroine  discovered — ^Happy  marriage — ^Value  of  salt. 


Grimm,  Household  Tales,     London,  1844.     Tale  No.  179.        21 8 

Vol.  ii,  pp.  282-291. 

"The  Goose-girl  at  the  Well." 

King  Lear  judgment — Loving  like  salt— Outcast  heroine — 
Sack  of  salt  bound  on  heroine's  back.  Her  tears  strew  the  road 
with  pearls— Father  repents  judgment;  makes  vain  search  for 
heroine— Old-woman  aid— Heroine  disguise  (old-woman  skin) — 

G  2 


84 

Meni&l  heroine — Nobleman  carries  old  woman's  burden  ; 
rett-arded  with  emerald  book  containing  pearl,  which  he  after-  I 
wards  gives  to  heroine's  mother,  who,  reminded  thereby  of  ^ 
daughter's  tears,  faints— Heroine  quest— Heroine  discovered 
(heroine  doffs  skin  to  baihe  at  well  by  moonlight) ^Flight — 
Pursuit  by  nobleman,  who  misses  heroine,  but  falls 
heroine's  parents.  Together  they  reach  house  of  o!d  woman, 
who,  after  rejiroving  parents,  presents  heroine  clad  as  princess —  I 
Old  woman  has  colleiried  heroine's  tears  ;  gives  them  : 
for  services  as  goose  girl.     Transforms  her  house  into  castle  for   | 


Ki,KTKi-T  Dr.  H.,  Marchemaat.     Berlin,  1845.     Vol,  it,  pp.  320-30.    I 
No.    XXIV.       (Taken    from     Wientr    Gesellshafttr,   by    An. 
Schumacher.     Wien,  1833.) 

"  D'  Ganslhiaddarin." 
(The  same  as  the  preceding;.) 


319     Ipsrvieh  Journal :  "Suffolk  Notes  and  Queries".    Story  republished    ' 
in  Longman's  Magazim,  Feb.  1889.      I'.  441. 


King  Lear  judgment — Loving  like  Bait — Outcast  heroine- 
Heroine  disgiiiBe-  Uenial  heroine — Meeting-place  (ball)  — 
Dresses  (rank) — Threefold  flight  ^'nim^  masic-r  gives  ring  tn 
heroine— Love-Bick  (heroj — Becognition  food— Happy  marriage 
—Value  of  salt. 


\.  l^uo'it-Na,  Oudc  Kinderverlelitls  1 
Brussels,  [868. 


den  Brugs^hen  Tongval. 


"VUIUJ]-' 


"  ( SI ut-B weeps- 1 he-Oven). 


King  Lear  judgiueut— Loving  like  salt — Outcast  heroine- 
Dresses  hidden  in  hollow  tree- -Heroine  disguise  (peasant's  dress) 
-Menial  heroine   (at  castle)— Meeting-place  (church)— Three-   , 
fold  flight — Lost  ehoe,  during  hrsi  pursuit ;  produced  by  son  of  I 

the  cjslle  during  dinner;  will  only  fit  heroine-    Afterwards,  loM   f 


C.       CAP    O'  RUSHES.  85 

glove  and  ring  :  the  same.  Heroine  offers  to  fetch  owner ; 
returns  in  state — ^Happy  marriage  -Visit  to  father,  whom  elder 
daughters  have  deserted. 


Ernst  Meikr,  Deutsches  Volksmdrchen  aus  Schwaben,    Stuttgart,    221 

1852.     W  99.     No.  XXVII. 

"So  LIEB  WIK  DAS  SaLZ." 

Loving  like   salt— Heroine   in    disfavour  -Feast — Value   of 
salt. 


Gherardo  Nerucci,  Sessanta  NovelU popolari  Montalesi, 
Firenze,  1880.     Pp.  106-10.     No.  XIII. 

"  Occhi-Marci." 
(See  Comparetti,  No.  215.) 


Ortoli,  Les  Conies  populaires  de  File  dc  Corse ^  p.  48.  222 

"Peau   d'Ane." 

King  Lear  judgment — Outcast  heroine — Heroine  disguise 
(ass-skin) — Menial  heroine  (goat-herd)— Heroine  discovered — 
Flight— Lost  shoe — Recognition — Outcast  Father — Father*s 
restorationtask— Happy  marriage — Father  is  insane  ;  heroine*s 
care  restores  him  to  his  senses. 


Paul  Skbillot,  Litterature  orale  de  la  Haute- Brcta^ne.      Paris,     223 

1 88 1.     Pp.  45-52. 

"  La  Pouilleuse." 

King  Lear  judgment-Loving  like  salt — Outcast  heroine — 
Heroine  disg^iise  (old  woman's  rags) — Menial  heroine  (minds 
sheep) — ^Heroine  discovered  by  hunting  prince — Lovesick  prince 
— ^Becognition  food,  contains  heroine's  ring  —King  marriage  test 
—Happy  marriage  -  Value  of  salt. 


86  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

224  Volkskunde^  ii,  208.     Antwerp. 

"  Vuil-Velleken"  (Little  Dirty-Skin). 

King  Lear  judgment — Loving  like  salt — Outcast  heroine — 
Old  woman  aid — Magic  box  given  to  heroine,  which,  placed  in 
hollow  of  a  certain  tree,  will  produce  Magic  dresses — Menial 
heroine ;  nicknamed,  because  of  her  dirty  work,  Vuil-Velleken, 
or  Velleken-Vuil — Meeting-place  (ball) — Heroine  must  leave  at 
midnight,  or  Magic  dresses  will  turn  to  rags;  tells  prince  she 
comes  "  from  the  land  of  Cadzand,  where  folk  strike  the  palm  of 
the  hand  with  a  wooden  stick  till  out  rushes  blood",  repeating  her 
mistress's  words.  (Token  objects  named) — Flight — Lost  shoe — 
Shoe  marriage  test — ^Happy  marriage — Father  attends  wedding; 
is  reconciled  to  heroine. 


226  Volkskunde  (1889),  ii,  267. 

**Zoo  GEREN  AS  Zout"  (As  much  as  Salt). 

King  Lear  judgment — ^Loving  like  salt — Outcast  heroine — 
Heroine  disguise  (as  page) — Heroine  returns  to  father's  ];)alace ; 
makes  herself  known  to  cook,  whom  she  persuades  to  prepare 
food  without  salt — Value  of  salt. 


226  Webster,  Basque  Legends.      London,  1877.     P.  165. 

King  Lear  judgment — ^Loving  like  salt— Outcast  heroine- 
Servants  spare  heroine's  life ;  delude  king  with  horse's  heart — 
Heroine  lives  in  forest  on  plants  brought  by  birds  and  flowers 
brought  by  bees — Heroine  discovered — Happy  marriage — Value 
of  salt — Two  sisters  remain  old  maids. 


D.— INDETERMINATE. 


Da.  The  following  approximate  to  the  Cinderella  type : — 

Athanas'ev,  /Russian  Folk-tales.     Moscow,  1861.     Part  vi.         227 

No.  LIV.     Pp.  270-273. 

"  Kroshechka-Khavroshichka." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  mistress) — Task  (spinning  and  weav- 
ing)— Task-performing  animal  (cow)— Heroine  must  creep  in  at 
one  of  cow's  ears,  and  out  at  the  other,  and  task  is  performed — 
Mistress's  one-eyed  daughter  sent  to  spy  ;  put  to  sleep  by  magic 
formula;  two-eyed  daughter,  the  same.  Three -eyed  daughter 
sees  with  third  eye,  which  heroine  omits  to  charm — Slaying  of 
helpftQ  animal — Eating  taboo — ^Revivified  bones.  Magic  apple- 
tree  with  golden  leaves,  silver  branches,  and  crystal  fruit,  springs 
from  bones — Wealthy  youth  will  wed  whichever  girl  can  give  him 
magic  apples.  Three  sisters  cannot  reach  them.  Tree  bows 
down  to  heroine — Happy  marriage. 


Athanas'ev,  Russian  Folk-tales.     Moscow,  1861.     Part  vi. 

No.  LV.     Pp.  273-276. 

"  BURENUSHKA." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Menial  heroine  (minds 
cow) — ^Helpful  animal  (cow) — Heroine  bows  to  cow's  right  foot 
and  obtains  food — One-eyed  step-sister  sent  to  spy  ;  put  to  sleep 
by  magic  formula  during  hairdressing.  Two-eyed  step-sister,  the 
same.  Three-eyed  step-sister  sees  with  third  eye,  which  heroine 
omits  to  charm — Slaying  of  helpftQ  animal — Heroine  buries 
entrails  in  door-post ;  magic  shrub  springs  up  covered  with  sweet 
berries.  Birds  sit  in  its  branches — Prince  Ivan  will  wed  girl  who 
can  fill  cup  with  berries.  Birds  drive  away  three  step-sisters ; 
pluck  the  berries  for  heroine — ^Happy  marriage — Heroine,  after 
ljirtl>  of  son,  visits  father,    Step-mother  transforms  h^^^oin^  'H^O 


88  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

goose ;  substitutes  own  daughter  as  princess  wife — Nurse,  an  old 
man,  takes  child  into  field  in  early  morning  ;  inquires  of  flock  of 
wild  geese  if  they  have  seen  child's  mother.  Goose  alights,  doffs 
feather-skin,  and  suckles  child ;  says  she  may  only  return  once 
more.  Nurse  reports  to  prince,  who  watches  next  morning  from 
behind  bush ;  burns  feather-skin ;  seizes  wife,  who  changes  into 
frog,  lizard,  snake,  distaff.  Prince  breaks  distaff  into  two,  throws 
half  behind,  half  in  front  of  him.  Heroine  stands  before  him — 
Princes  and  counsellors  assembled  to  decide  with  which  wife  prince 
must  live.  He  will  keep  whichever  wife  climbs  palace  gates  first. 
Heroine  cannot  climb.  Prince  shoots  false  wife  on  top  of  gates. 
Villain  Nemesis. 


229     Basile,  Pentanurone.     Translated  by  Liebrecht.     Breslau,  1846. 

Vol.  i,  pp.  379-395-     kZ"^^  I^^yi  10th  Tale.) 

"  The  Three  Fairies." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Heroine  drops  basket 
into  dust-hole  ;  asks  hideous  wild  man  to  recover  it ;  he  bids  her 
descend  for  it ;  she  meets  three  fairies ;  is  taken  to  their  house ; 
does  their  hair  ;  pleases  them  ;  is  given  choice  of  dresses ;  takes 
the  worst  and  gets  the  best ;  leaves  by  chief  door,  and  gets  star 
on  brow — Step-sister  offends  fairies ;  is  sent  away  empty-handed 
by  back  door  ;  gets  ass- tail  on  brow — Menial  heroine  (swineherd) 
— Grand  gentleman  sees  heroine  ;  wants  to  marry  her ;  is  to 
return  for  her  at  night — Step-mother  puts  heroine  in  cask  ;  presents 
own  daughter — Next  day  gentleman  would  return  False  bride — 
Step  mother  away — Animal  witness  (cat) — Heroine  released  from 
cask;  step-sister  put  in — Happy  marriage — Villain  Nemesis. 
Step-mother  boils  own  daughter ;  drowns  herself. 


230     E.  Beauvois,  Contes  populaires  de  la  Non*ege,  de  la  Finlande  et  de 

la    Bourgoi^ne.     Paris,     1862.      Pp.     239-247.     (Conte   Bour- 

guignon.) 

"  La  Petite  Annette." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Menial  heroine  (minds 
sheep)— Virgin  Mary  aid— Helpful  animal  (black  sheep) — Spy 
on    heroine — Step-mother    feigns    illness — Slaying    of   helpful 


D. — INDETERMINATE.  89 

animal — Heroine  buries  sheep's  liver,  from  which  springs  magic 
tree,  whose  branches  bow^  down  to  heroine — Prince  will  wed 
daughter  of  any  person  who  can  pick  fruit — Villain  Nemesis. 
Step-mother  falls  from  ladder,  and  is  killed.  Prince  falls  ill  with 
longing. — Heroine  picks  him  fruit — ^Happy  marriage. 


E.  Henri  Carnoy  et  Jean  Nicolaides,  Traditions  populaires  de    231 
PAsie  Mineure.     Paris,  1889.     Pp.  91-106.     No.  V. 

"  Marietta  et  la  Sorciere,  sa  Maratre." 

Governess  prompts  heroine  to  murder  mother — Ill-treated 
heroine  (by  step-mother) — Outcast  heroine,  exposed  on  moun- 
tain-top— Heroine  takes  food  from  giants'  castle;  is  discovered  ; 
befriended  by  forty  giants — Step-mother  learns  from  Sun  that 
heroine  is  more  beautiful  than  she ;  goes  as  pedlar,  and  sells 
enchanted  ring  to  heroine,  who  falls  dead.  Removal  of  ring 
restores  animation — Step-mother  throws  bunch  of  grapes ;  heroine 
takes  one,  falls  dead.  Is  exposed  on  mountain ;  found  by  hunting 
prince,  and  taken  to  palace — ^Lovesick  prince  —King  shakes 
corpse.  Reanimated  heroine — Happy  marriage — Step-mother  as 
midwife  attends  heroine ;  plunges  fork  in  her  head,  transforming 
her  to  pigeon  ;  takes  her  place — Pigeon  killed  for  broth ;  bones 
become  three  fir-trees — Fir-trees  uprooted  for  decoction  ;  bark 
becomes  blue  pigeon.  Prince  takes  fork  from  pigeon's  head, 
causing  series  of  transformations — Villain  Nemesis. 


CosQUiN,  Contes pop,  lorrains^  i,  246-247.     Story  No.  XXIII.        232 

"The  Golden  Pear-tree." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  mother) — Menial  heroine,  minds 
sheep  ;  has  stones  given  her  for  bread — Fairy  man  aid — Helpful 
animal  (sheep)  gives  food  when  struck  with  magic  wand — Second 
daughter,  sent  to  spy  on  heroine,  falls  asleep.  Eldest  daughter 
feigns  sleep  and  reports  to  mother — Slaying  of  helpful  animal — 
Heroine  collects  bones  from  which  springs  golden  pear-tree — 
King  sees  tree  ;  he  will  wed  anyone  who  can  pluck  golden  pears. 
Elder  sisters  try  and  fail;  branches  bow  down  to  heroine  —Happy 
marriage — King  goes  to  war.     Queen  bears  twins  with  gold  star 


«)0  CtNI)F.RKI.LA 

on  brow  ;  and  dog  has  two  puppies  wilh  gold  star.  King's  mother  | 
accuses  queen  of  hearing  puppies.  King  sends  order  for  heroine  \ 
to  be  hanged. 


"The  Golden  Bells." 
Dying  mother  bids  heroine  lake  care  of  white  lamb  ^Ill-treated  ] 
berome  (by  atep-mother) — Venial  heroiBe  (minds  slieep)— Step- 
mother starves  heroine^Helpful  animal  (lamb)— Ear-cornucopia 
—Spy   on    heroine— Step-sister  sent    to    sleep  by    hair-dressing  ; 
second  day  she  feigns  sleep — Slaying  of  helpful  animal — Heroine 
collects  bones;  lays  themon  pear-tree.   Its  branches  lieconie  decked 
with  golden   bells,   which  ring  ceaselessly.     Their  silence  would  I 
betoken  ill — King  will    wed  anyone  who  can    pick  gold  bell —  J 
Step-sister  tries  and  fails — Heroine  returns  wilh  sheep  and  picks 
apronful  of  bells — King  takes  her  to  castle— Happy  marriage- 


King  goes  t 
substitutes  oi 


-Step-mother  throws    heroine 
1  daughter — King  turns  back  because  golden  bells 
He  sees  hand  in  river;  draws  out  heroine — Villain    | 


Des  Periers,  Jean   Bonaventure,   Nouvtiki    Riereathns   . 
inyettx  Devi's.      Lyon,    1558.      Nouvelle   CXXIX.      ("  D'une  I 
jeune   fille  surnomm^e   Peau    d'Asne,   et  comment  elle  fut  [ 
marine  par  le  moyen  que  luy  donnerent  les  petitu  formiz.") 

Rich  Italian  merchant  retires  to  farm  residence.  Neighbouring 
squire,  coveting  merchant's  lands,  pretends  to  desire  marriage 
between  his  son  and  merchant's  youngest  daughter,  Pernetle — 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  mother  and  jealous  sisters) — Task,  to 
pick  up  grain  by  grain  with  the  tongue  a  bushel  of  scattered 
barley — Merchant,  seeing  proposed  marriage  displeases  wife, 
makes  heroine  wear  ass-skin,  in  order  lo  disgust  lover.  [Heroine 
diBguise  (ass-skin)]  —  Faithful  lover.  Mother  will  agree  1 
marriage  if  task  is  performed — Task-performing  ants— Happy  J 
marriage. 


D. — INDETERMINATE.  9 1 

Frere,  Old  Deccan  Days,    London,  1870  (2nd  ed.).    Pp.  236-45.    236 

"  SoDKWA  Bai." 

Gems  fall  from  heroine's  (Sodewa's)  lips.  Her  soul  is  con- 
tained in  necklace — Lost  shoe — Hunting  prince  finds  shoe  in 
jungle  ;  seeks  owner — Happy  marriage — Prince's  first  wife  hates 
heroine ;  plots  with  servant  to  steal  her  necklace,  so  that  she  dies. 
Thief  does  not  wear  necklace  at  night;  then  heroine's  soul 
returns.  Prince  sees  jewels  that  have  fallen  from  her  lips.  She 
bears  a  son,  but  dies  as  day  dawns,  and  babe  weeps.  Prince 
visits  tomb  at  night,  hears  babe  cry,  and  sees  heroine ;  he  learns 
theft.     Necklace  is  restored — ^Villain  Nemesis. 


Grimm,   Household  Tales,     I^ondon,  1884.     No.  130.     Vol.  ii,    236 

pp.  169-176. 

"  One-Eye,  Two-Eyes,  and  Three-Eyes." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  mother  and  elder  and  yomiger  sisters) 
— Menial  heroine  (tends  goat) — Wise-woman  aid — Helpful 
animal  (fi^t)  gives  food.  One-eye  sent  to  spy  on  heroine,  who 
charms  her  to  sleep.  Three-eyes  sent  to  spy  ;  heroine  omits  to 
charm  third  eye  which  discovers  magic  food  supply — Slaying  of 
helpful  animaL  Heroine  buries  entrails ;  tree  with  silver  leaves 
and  gold  fruit  springs  from  them — One-eye  and  Three-eyes  climb 
tree  but  cannot  pluck  fruit,  which  escapes  their  hands.  Heroine 
picks  gold  apples.  Knight  draws  near  to  admire  tree ;  heroine  is 
pushed  under  empty  barrel.  He  promises  to  grant  any  wish  to 
one  who  can  pluck  him  branch.  One-eye  and  Three-eyes  try  and 
fail.  Heroine  rolls  two  gold  apples  from  under  barrel  to  his  feet. 
She  is  brought  forth  ;  plucks  him  branch  from  tree,  and  begs  to 
be  taken  from  unhappy  home — Happy  marriage — Magic-tree 
removes  to  heroine's  new  home.  She  befriends  sisters  in  after 
years. 


92  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

237      GuRKRNATis,  Lc  NcwelUne  di  Santo  Ste/atw.       Torino,   1869. 

No.  I,  pp.  16-17. 

"  La  Bella  e  la  Brutta." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Menial  heroine  (cow- 
herd)— Old  woman  aid — Task  (spinning) — Task-performing 
animal  (cow) — Spy  on  heroine.  Sister  sent  to  sleep  by  hair- 
dressing.  Second  day  sister  stays  awake  ;  task  is  unper- 
formed, and  heroine  beaten  -Heroine  moves  stone  whilst  picking 
salad,  revealing  glass-stair.  Descends  ;  finds  cat  in  first  room 
sweeping  ;  sweeps  for  it.  Scours  for  cat  in  second  room  ;  makes 
bread  for  third  cat ;  combs  fourth  cat ;  is  blessed  by  all.  Lady 
gives  her  choice  of  gifts.  She  chooses  plain  dress  and  sham 
jewels ;  gets  splendid  dress  and  real  jewels.  Is  told  not  to  turn 
when  donkey  brays,  but  when  cock  crows  ;  heroine  does  so ;  gets 
gold  star  on  brow.  Step-sister,  sent  to  get  same,  offends  cats,  gets 
worst  dress  and  sham  jewels ;  turns  when  donkey  brays  and  gets 
tail  on  brow.  Prince  comes  for  heroine ;  step-mother  hides  her 
in  cask,  sends  own  daughter — False  bride — Animal  witness  (cat) 
Happy  marriage — Villain  Nemesis.  Mother  boils  own  daughter 
by  mistake. 


238  Imbrlvni,  La  Ntwellaja  Fiorentina,  republished  with  La  Noveiiaja 
Milanese.  Livorno,  1877.  Pp.  162-166.  (Milanese  variant  of 
No.  XI.) 

"  SCINDIRIN — SCINDIROLU." 

ni-treated  heroine  (by  elder  sisters) — Hearth  abode — Lady 
aid — Magic  dresses — Meeting-place  (ball) — In  conversation  with 
sisters  about  ball,  heroine  is  ridiculed  for  saying  she  was  present, 
They  show  nosegay  lovely  stranger  had  given  them — Threefold 
flight — Heroine  accepts  ring  from  prince,  but  cannot  marry  him 
or  tell  who  she  is.  Afterwards  she  is  sad  at  learning  that  prince 
is  ill.  Counselled  by  lady,  she  takes  service  at  palace — Love-sick 
prince — Eecognition  food — Happy  marriage — Heroine  befriends 
jealous  sisters. 


D. — INDETERMINATE.  93 

Ibid.     Pp.  183-190.     No.  XI 11. 

"  iL  Luccio"  (The  Pike). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — King  sees  heroine  and 
step-sister  weaving  and  winding ;  pays  compliments  to  former- 
Old  woman  aid — Heroine  sent  to  fairies  for  sieve ;  does  their 
bidding  politely;  chooses  poorest  gifts  and  gets  richest ;  turns 
when  cock  crows  and  gets  star  on  brow — Step  sister  offends 
fairies  :  breaks  glass  stair  ;  gets  worst  gifts  ;  turns  when  ass  brays, 
and  gets  ass-tail  on  brow — Menial  heroine — Helpful  animal 
(pike) — Heroine  saves  pike  and  puts  it  in  fountain — Happy 
marriage — Pike  removed  to  lake — Step-mother  drives  with  king 
and  bride  in  iron  carriage — Heroine's  eyes  torn  out — Step-mother 
puts  her  under  tub ;  substitutes  own  daughter — False  bride — 
Animal  witness  (cats) — Heroine  discovered  under  tub  by  .ser- 
vants ;  pike  restores  her  eyes — Villain  Nemesis.  Stei>-mother 
and  step-sister  locked  up  in  tub — Pike  removed  to  heroine's 
garden  ;  kept  in  glass  case  after  its  death. 


Ibid,     Pp.  195-201.     No.  XIV.  240 

"  L.\  Bella  e  la  Brutta." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Tasks :  spinning,  sew- 
ing— Old  woman  aid — Task-performing  animal  (cow) — Heroine 
sent  to  fairies ;  does  their  bidding  graciously ;  is  rew^arded  with 
riches  and  star  on  brow — Step-sister  offends  fairies ;  gets  worth- 
less gifts  and  ass-tail  on  head — Only  heroine  can  pick  magic 
apples  for  king.  Heroine  hidden  in  cask — False  bride — Animal 
witness  (cat) — ^Happy  marriage — Step-mother  boils  own  daugh- 
ter ;  props  up  corpse  ;  father  knocks  it  down — Villain  Nemesis. 
Father  imprisoned  ;  step-mother  shot. 


Ibid.     Pp.  202-207.     No.  XV.  241 

"  La  Bella  Caterina." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  mother  and  sister) — Heroine  sent  to 
ask  for  sieve  from  wicked  fairies — Old  man  aid — Following  old 


94  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

man's  counad,  bcruine  puts  slick  insiead  o(  lingiT  in  key-hok  ; 
does  sowing,  etc.,  for  cats  ;  chooses  poorest  fare  and  worst  dress 
from  cat  "  Mammonc";  turns  round  as  bidden  when  cock  crows, 
and  gets  star  on  brow — Ugly  sister  offends  old  man  ;  gels  finger 
chopped  off  in  key-hole ;  maltreats  cats ;  chooses  best  fare  and  i 
best  dress  ;  breaks  glass  stairs  ;  turns  when  donkey  brays,  and  gets 
ass-tail  on  brow^Prince  comes  for  heroine,  who  is  hidden  in 
cask-  False  bride— Heroine  heard  singing  from  cask— VillaiB 
Nemesis.  Mothir  and  sister  in  cask  have  boiling  oi!  poured  over 
them— Happy  marriage. 


KoRNKL  Ko\i.ow^Ki,/«i/.    Warsaw.  1867.    No.  III,!)]!.  300-304. 
(Slory  of  a  J'oor  C.irl  who  became  Queen.) 

ni'treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Menial  heroine  (tends 
cattle) — Helpful  animal  (bull)  opens  oak-tree  with  his  horn.s  for 
heroine  to  get  food— Slep-si.'itLT  sent  to  mind  cattle  in  heroine's 
stead.  Bull  butts  her — Slaying  of  helpful  animal— Heroine 
washes  btill's  paunch,  finds  golden  apple  inside ;  loses  it  in  the 
grass ;  magic  apple-lree  grows  from  the  spot ;  heroine  subsists  on 
the  apples^ — Prince  wants  some  of  the  apples ;  his  servant  cannot 
pick  them  ;  slep-sisier  tries,  and  fails.  Tree  bows  down  to  hero 
— Bappymaniage — Tree  follows  heroine — Heroine,  alter  birth  of 
child,  visits  sttp-tnother  ;  is  killed  and  buried  ;  magic  tree  removes 
to  her  grave  and  dies  there — Slep-sister  impersonates  heroine, 
and  goes  to  palace — Heroine  visits  palace  by  night :  bids  cook 
o[.>en  window;  suckles  child.  Third  night  king  watches;  cook 
holds  heroine  by  plait ;  she  goes  through  series  of  transformations, 
iriginal  form — Judges  make  slevvmotber  pronounce  her 

n  and  her  daughter's  sentence— Villain  Nemeais.     Stepmother 

n  by  iron  harrows.     Step-sister's  hands  cut  off. 


Variaiit  of  the  above.  I'p.  304-309. 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother)- Menial  heroine  (minda 
sheep) — Task:  spjiming — Ta^k-perfoiuuug  animal  (black  lamb) 
— Stejvsisters  seni  in  heroine's  place  ;  she  rcfuse.s  bread  and 
cheese  to  black  lamb.  'Wolves  ravage  the  flock  ;  only  black  lamb 
left — tlock  return   for  heroine—  Blaying  of  helpful  animal — 


^TE,  95 

Heroine  washes  paunch  :  finds  knife  and  fork  ;  sticks  one  in  tach 
1  window  ;  applc-tree  and  pear-tree  grow  from  knife  and  fork  - 
;   Princt   wants   to   buy   apples  ;   sltp-sister   cannot   pick    them — 

Heroine  hidden  under  tub.  Animal  witneSB  (cock) — Trees  bow 
[  down  to  heroine  ;  remove  to  palace  with  her — Happy  ffiarriage — - 

HLToine,  after  birth  of  child,  visits  step-molher ;  step-sister  btabs 

her;  takes  her  place  at  palace — Heroine  visits  palace  by  night, 
'   asks  cook  to  give  her  child  ;  suckles  it.     Step-sisler  covers  prince 

with  pall,  that  he  shall  hear  nothing— Cook  informs  prince  ;  ser- 
I  vaiit  to  hide  in  barrel  and  seize  heroine.  I'rince  recognises  her — 
I  False  wife  pronounces  her  own  sentence — Villain  Nemesis. 
I  Step-sister  torn  to  pieces. 


I  ¥^v.o?f -SfiD  ]o^v.i,  The  Folk-tales  "/ ihe  Afagyitrs.    l^ndon,  1S89.    244l 
Pp.  :io7-i.6. 


The  U'idowe; 


El  HIS  Daui.mtek." 


Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother)  — Gifts  from  father; 
heroine  chooses  three  walnuts— Tasks  (grain  sorting) — Task  per- 
forming animal8(white  pigeons)— Magic  dresses  inside  walniit£ 
— Ueeting-place  (church)- Threefold  flight  -Kintj's  seriants  try 
to  follow  heroine,  and  third  lime  slick  gold  rose  in  gate-post  lo 
mark  her  house.  Sie]>sisters  tell  heroine  of  loveiy  lady  at 
church;  they  (1)  remove  ladder,  (3)  stick  nails  in  hoarding,  {3) 
cut  down  mulberry  tree,  because  heroine  says  she  has  mounted 
these  to  watch  lady  leave  church.  Father  removes  heroine  to 
widow's  cottage  to  escape  ill- treat  mem.  Prince  visits  house 
marked  by  gold  rose  ;  enquires  for  heroine,  is  shown  step-sisters. 
Gold  rose  goes  before  him  to  widow's  cottage.  He  takes  heroine 
as  his  bride  ;  leaves  her  seated  in  willow  tree  by  lake  till  he 
returns  with  state  robes  and  equipage.  Meanwhile  heroine  dons 
magic  dress  from  walnut  (jypsies  come  and  question  her ;  one 
pushes  her  into  lake  and  takes  her  place  in  tree.  Heroine  trans- 
forms herself  into  gold  duck.  Prince  returns ;  gypsy  imper- 
sonates heroine,  making  excuse  for  sunburnt  face  ;  urges  prince 
to  shoot  gold  duck,  but  it  dives  and  escapes.  Prince  is  unhappy 
with  substituted  bride,  who  to  divert  him  announces  great 
feathet-picking,  which  all  attend.  Gold  duck  has  flown  to 
pabce,  and,  in  girl-form,   taken  service  hard  by.     She  attends 


96  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

feather-picking.  King  bids  gypsy-bride  tell  work-people  what 
happened  when  step-sisters  left  her  at  home,  and  who  helped  her 
sort  wheat.  Gypsy  invents  replies  :  heroine  says  these  are  not 
the  truth,  reveals  herself  and  tells  everything — Happy  marriage 
— Villain  Nemesis  (gypsy,  step-mother,  and  step-sisters). 


245        Fr.  Maspons  v  Lahros,  Lo  Rondallayre,     Barcelona,  1871. 

Part  I,  pp.  97-100.     No.  XXII. 

"  La  F1LI.ASTRA"  (The  Step-daughter). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother)— Menial  heroine— Task, 
to  fill  basket  with  river-water.  Heroine  enters  giantesses'  empty 
house,  tidies  it,  and  prepares  supper.  Hides  behind  kneading- 
trough — Animal  witness  (dog) — Giantesses  begift  heroine — Step- 
sister goes  to  get  basketful  of  water ;  disarranges  empty  house. 
Dog  reveals  her  hiding-place.  Giantesses  punish  her — Heroine 
driven  from  home ;  found  in  forest  by  huntsmen,  and  taken  to 
king's  son — Happy  marriage. 


246  Nerucci,  Gherardo,  Sessanta  Navelle  popolari  MontaUsu 

Firenze,  1880.     Pp.  280-285.     Novella  XXXII. 

"La  Ragazza  Serpe." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother  and  step-sister) — Tasks: 
spinning — Task-performing  animal  (cow) — Step-sister,  learning 
that  one  of  the  cows  spins  hemp,  takes  them  to  pasture,  but  beats 
them,  and  hemp  gets  tangled — Heroine  sent  to  steal  gallonzoli 
for  step-sister  ;  pulls  up  turnip,  releasing  five  toads,  four  of  whom 
begift  her  with  beauty  ;  but  one,  whom  she  has  let  fall,  curses  her. 
If  sunlight  falls  on  her,  she  shall  become  serpent,  and  only  regain 
human  form  if  thrown  in  fire — Prince  would  wed  heroine  ;  sends 
closed  carriage  to  fetch  her.  Step-mother  bribes  coachman  to 
admit  sunlight — Transformation  of  heroine — Feast  at  palace. 
Brushwood  to  heat  oven  conceals  serpent — Re-transformation  of 
heroine — Recognition — Happy  marriage. 


D. — INDETERMINATE.  97 


Novella  della  Figlia  del  re  di  Dacia,     Pisa,  1866.     Introduction    247 
by  Wesselofsky,  p.  xxix.     A  Story  from  Piedmont. 

"  Marion  de  Bosch"  (Maria  Wood). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — ^Menial  heroine — Task 
(spinning) — Task-performing  animals  (cows) — Madonna  aid  (in 
form  of  old  woman) — Heroine  cleans  old  woman's  hair;  is 
rewarded  with  star  on  brow — Step-sister  sent  to  do  same ;  gets 
ass's  tail  on  brow — Ma^ic  dresses— Task  (grain  sorting)  per- 
formed by  Madonna — Meeting-place  (hall) — Threefold  flight — 
Bran  thrown  to  blind  pursuers — Lovesick  prince — Becognition 
food  (prepared  by  heroine  in  wooden  dress)  contains  ring  given  at 
ball — Happy  marriage. 


Ortoli,  J.  B.  Frederic,  Les  Contes  populaires  de  Tlk  de  Corse.    248 

Paris,  1883.     Pp.  75-80.     No.  XII. 

"  Les  Trois  Oranges." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Outcast  heroine — 
Heroine  picks  three  oranges  ;  first  contains  tiny  person,  who  asks 
for  drink,  and  empties  well ;  person  in  second  orange  drains 
river ;  fairy  in  third  cannot  exhaust  sea,  therefore  befriends 
heroine  and  gives  her  a  castle — Fairy  aid — Prince  passing  by 
wants  to  marry  heroine,  though  engaged  to  ugly  step-sister — 
Happy  marriage — Villain  Nemesis  (step-mother  and  step-sister 
die  of  envy). 


Ortoli,  op.  cit     No.  XIII.     Pp.  81-88.  249 

"  Les  Trois  Pommes  de  Mariucella." 

When  heroine  is  weaned,  mother  disappears  —  Ill-treated 
heroine  (by  step-mother) — Menial  heroine  (minds  cows) — 
Tasks :  spinning — Task-performing  animal  (cow  =  Transformed 
mother) — Spy  on  heroine — Slaying  of  helpful  animal — Heroine 
washes  entrails  containing  three  apples ;  eats  the  first,  throws 
second  on  roof,  and  it  becomes  cock  ;  plants  third,  which  grows 
to  magic  apple-tree — Prince  hears  heroine  singing ;  sends  ambas- 

H 


sadors  to  fetch  her— Heroine  hidden  in  cask — Animal  witness  1 
(cock]— Heroine  discovered  in  Uagic  dress — Villain  NemesiH —  I 
Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.     No.  XIV.     Pp.  88-108. 

"DiTU  MiufJiULELLu"  (Lillle  Finger). 

Heroine  is  the  size  of  mother's  little  finger,  fairies  begift  her  | 
at  birth  with  beauty  and  lovely  voice.  When  sixteen  years  old, 
mother  puts  her  under  flower-pot.  Prince  hears  lovely  singing  ; 
takes  heroine  home  in  his  pocket,  promising  to  marry  her.  ' 
Strikes  her  with  (i)  bridle,  (i)  spur,  {3)  whip,  for  asking  to  go 
tn  ball— Fairy  aid— Heroine  transformed  to  ordinary  stature- 
Meeting-place  (ball)— Token  objects  named — Threefold  flight. 
Heroine  escapes  unseen  in  diminutive  form — Lovedck  prince— 
Becognition  food,  made  by  D.  M.,  contains  ring  given  at  ball- 
Happy  marriage. 


I  251     SiBli.LOT,  Conies  pop.  de  la  HautcBrttagne.     Pans.  1880.     Si 
No.  XXVIl,  pp.  174-179. 

■'Cesarine." 

ni-treated  heroine  (by  mother) — Bank  dresBea  and  jewels  from  I 
father — (Heroine  flight).  She  leaves  home  because  parents  dispute  I 
about  her-Heroine  diaguise  (as  peasant)— Menial  heroine  (goose  J 
and  turkey  herd} —Heroine  dons  fine  dresses  whilst  pasturing  1 
fiock ;  geese  and  turkeys  sing  in  admiration.  Prince  spit 
Heroine  discovered — Prince  sees  engraved  on  her  necklet  names  J 
of  her  father  the  King  of  Castille,  and  of  her  lover,  his  friend- 
He  sets  out  to  find  friend,  who  cannot  wed  heroine  ;  obtains  J 
consent  to  woo  her ;  returns  and  finds  her  ill  and  neglected  i 
her  hut.  His  mother  only  convinced  she  is  princess  at  sight  of  I 
jewels— Happy  marriage. 


D. — INDETERMINATE.  99 

Soci^t^  de   Litt^rature  Finnoise.     MS.   Collections.     By  Elias   252 
Lonnrot.     No.    XXXIX.     1836.     (From  the  Government  of 
Archangel.) 

"Cinderella." 

Elder  sisters  about  to  enter  king's  service,  refuse  to  soil  their 
hands.  Heroine  shears  ram,  and  gets  wool ;  milks  cow,  and  gets 
milk ;  washes  old  man,  who  gives  magic  stick  to  open  treasure- 
rock— Menial  heroine  (cinder-sifter  at  palace)— Hearth  abode — 
Magic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — Threefold  flight — Skin 
dress  (thrown  over  magic  dress)  torn  by  prince  whilst  heroine 
searches  his  head.  Fourth  Sunday  heroine  fetches  utensils  from 
treasure-rock  to  prepare  dinner  (Task) — Her  superiority  acknow- 
ledged—Happy marriage. 


Soci^te  de  Litt^rature  Finnoise.      MS.  Collections.    (Narrated  by    253 

Tatjana  Ignatjova,  of  Koitajarvi.) 

**The  Swineherd." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  elder  sisters) — Heroine  called  "  Cinder- 
ella". Elder  sisters  have  washed  their  hands  for  six  weeks  to 
make  clothes  for  king;  they  refuse  to  (i)  milk  cow,  (2)  shear 
sheep,  (3)  remove  burning  loaves,  (4)  help  old  man — Heroine 
milks  cow,  and  replaces  pail  on  horns ;  shears  sheep,  and  gets 
wool ;  takes  loaves  out  of  oven,  and  piles  them  up ;  helps  old  man 
out  of  ditch,  and  receives  magic  stick  to  open  treasure-stone — 
Menial  heroine  (sifts  cinders  at  palace) — Sisters  object  to  her 
eating  with  them  ;  abuse  her — Magic  dresses — Meeting-place 
(church)— Threefold  flight— Trap  (not  explained)— King's  son 
stops  heroine's  carriage ;  gets  in  beside  her — Happy  marriage. 


Otto  Sutermeister,  Kinder-  und  HausmdrcJun  aus  der  Schweiz.    254 

Aarau,  1869.     Pp.  no- 11 2. 

"  Aschengrubel." 

Parents  leave  heroine  Magic  dress  and  testament,  which  she 
keeps  in  fir-tree — Menial  heroine — Meeting-place  (dandng- 
green)— Heroine  has  promised  not  to  dance.     Mistress's  son  falls 

H  2 


lOO  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

in  love  with  her — [Threefold  flight] — Little  man  at  fir-tree  gives 
testament  as  dowry  to  heroine.  It  proclaims  her  rich  heiress — 
Happy  marriage. 


255  Volkskunde^  ii,  201. 

"  Aschekladdeken"  (Little  Cinderella). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  sister) — Menial  heroine  ;  polishes 
hearth,  which  sister  makes  dirty  directly  after.  Heroine  weeps — 
Old  woman  aid— Magic  dresses  from  hollow  tree—Meeting- 
place  (ball) — ^Lost  shoe  (second  evening)  found  by  sister — 
Mutilated  feet  (sister's)— Heroine  attends  third  ball,  wearing 
gold  shoes.  Sister  is  ill ;  heroine  considered  a  witch,  and  pushed 
back  into  the  hearth,  where  she  is  still. 


266  Webster,  Basque  Legends,     London  1877.     ^V-  166-7. 

"  The  Step-mother  and  the  Step-daughter." 

Heroine  persuades  widowed  father  to  marry  again — Step- 
mother befriends  heroine.  Bids  her  enter  palace  at  night  and 
steal  (i)  girdle,  (2)  watch-chain  from  sleeping  king.  Second 
night  heroine  is  alarmed  and  drops  shoe.  Lost  shoe— Shoe 
marriage  test — Happy  marriage. 


257    Zim^KKiAL^  (Tirois)  Kinder- und  Hausffidrchen,    Innsbruck,  1852. 

Story  No.  XVI,  pp.  86-94. 

"  Hennenpfosl." 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  parents) — Heroine  flight — Bank 
dresses  hidden  by  heroine  in  rock  hole — Heroine  disguise  (as 
peasant) —Menial  heroine  (poultry-girl) — Meeting-place  (ball) — 
Threefold  flight — Money  thrown  to  guards — Becognition  food 
(containing  ring  given  at  third  ball) — Happy  marriage. 


D. — INDETERMINATE.  lOI 


Dfi,  The  followiiigappro^ifliate  m'.fhe:(?atsldDLQ'^er^*.  . ' '  •  * 

Sadok  Baracz,  Bajkt\  /raszks\  podania^  etc.     Tarnopol,  268 

1866.     Pp.  97-98. 

"  Kopciuszek"  (Cinderella). 

Heroine  dislikes  suitor  chosen  by  father — Heroine  disguise 
(cloak) — Heroine  flight  — Menial  heroine — Token  objects — 
Meeting-place  (hall)  —  Threefold  flight  —  Master  recognises 
heroine — ^Happy  marriage. 


[  Variant^  p.  98.    Heroine  disguise  (wolf-skin  cloak) — ^Becog- 
nition  food.] 


Busk,  Folk-lore  of  Rome,   London,  1874.    Tale  No.  X,  pp.  66-84.    260 

"  Maria  Wood." 

Death-hed  promise  (that  daughter  shall  wed  whomsoever 
deceased  mother's  ring  fits).  Devil  as  prince  wooes  heroine ;  he 
steals  ring  and  proposes  other  tests  instead — ^Fairy  teacher  aid 
— Comiter-tasks — Magic  dresses — Heroine  escapes  from  devil 
after  having  taken  ring  from  feather  in  his  hat — Heroine's  hiding 
box  (wooden  figure).  Charcoal-burners  shelter  heroine — Hunting 
prince  takes  heroine  to  palace — Menial  heroine — Meeting-place 
(carnival  dance) — At  third  dance  she  lets  prince  try  on  mother's 
ring — Threefold  flight — Peprls  scattered  to  detain  pursuers — 
Lovesick  prince — Bcrcognition  food — Vain  search  for  heroine — 
Alchemist  declares  ring  is  of  gold  from  afar;  it  belongs  to  princess 
of  high  degree — Further  search  for  heroine — Happy  marriage. 


Busk,  Folk-lore  of  Rome,     Ix)ndon,  1874.    Tale  No.  X,  p.  90.      261 

"  Maria  Wood"  (Third  version). 

Heroine  refuses  what  king  wishes ;  she  is  to  be  dropped 
from  high  tower.  Servants  sjxire  her ;  leave  her  in  campagna  in 
Hiding-box — Hunting  prince  discovers  heroine — Happy  marriage. 


CINDERELLA 


"La  Caniieliera." 
Heroine  dislikes  proposed  husband — Counter-taBk— She   de-i 
mands  from  father  huge  gold  candelalirum  ;  tells  chamberlain  U>  I 
sell  it :  hides  herself  in  it— Heroine's  hiding-box — Frince  buys  1 
candelabrum  ;  kueps  it  in  his  room.     Heroine  eats  his  food  — 
Heroine  discovered— Happy  marriage. 


R.  Chamhers.  Popular  Rhymes  of  Scotland,  1870.     Pp.  6fi-68. 

"  Rashie  Coat."  I 

Heroine  dislikes  proposed  husband — Hen-wife  aid— Counter- 
tasks  Heroine  diaguise  —  Heroine  flight — Menial  heroine — 
Fairy  aid  — Magic  dresses — Meeting-place  (church) — ^Threefold 
flight— Lost  shoe — Shoe  marrii^e  test— Mutilated  foot  (hen 
wife's  daughters)— False  bride— Animal  witnesB  (bird)— Happy 
marriage. 


DizoN,  Andent  Poem 
England, 


,   Ballads,   and  Songs 
London,  1857.     Pp. 


of  Iht  P^nsantr,'  of  \ 
15-1"- 
«,  OR  Cathkin." 


The  Wandering  Young  Gi 

Outcast  heroine  because  father  is  disappointed  of  heir— H 
disguise     (catskin    dress) —Menial    heroine    (si.tilhun)— Bank 
dresses  hidden  in  out-house — Mistress  strikes  heroine  wiih  ladle  ; 
(viih  skimmer;  throws  basin  of  water  at  her— Meeting-place  (ball) 
— Token  objects  named— Threefold  flight — Young  master  tracks  ■ 
her   to  oui-house,  seeks  her  in  rnarriage,  plans  feigned  illni 
Lovesick  lord ;  will  only  he  nursed  by  Catskin— Happy  marriage  J 
—  Father  now  bereft  of  wife  and  child  seeks  outcast  daughter.  : 
To  test  her  lo%-e  he  comes  as  beggar ;  is  kindly  received  ;  giv«  I 
rich  dowry. 


n. — INDETERMINATE. 


Prof,  GKUNnTvirrs  Unpublished  Collections.     (From  26 

W.  Juiland.) 

*■  PiCBK  MKD  KBAfiENvnsKjoi-RN"  (The  Girl  with  the  Crow's-bi  II 

Orphaned  heroine  dislikes  proposed  husband — Belp  at  grave 
(of  parents).  Voice  bids  her  make  gown  of  crow's  hills,  take 
wishing-rod  and  escape  to  foreign  land— Heroine  diflguise — 
Heroine  flight — Uenial  heroine — Prince  throws  comb,  water  lub, 
brush,  at  heroine— Magic  dresBea— Meeting-place  (ball >— Token 
objects    [except   brush]    named  —  Threefold   Hight — Lovesick 

Qce,  is  watched  in  turn  by  servants:  i.s  enraged  at  sight  of 
heroine.     Disguise  removed  ;  recognition — Happy  marriage. 


(From  North  Sleswick.) 
.r.s"  (Crow-mantle). 
oine,  Danish  princess,  may  not  wed  her  lover,  English 
prince— Help  at  grave  (mother's) — Countertaska  (from  father) 
—Bank  dresses,  and  crowskin  gown — Heroine  flight  to  England ; 
magic  formula— Menial  heroine  (kilchen-maid) — Useting-place 
(choich)— Tlireefold  flight — Lost  shoe  and  half  of  finger-ring 
obtained  by  prince — Kecognition  food  contains  other  half  of  ring 
— Happy  marriage. 


Hai,1,1wei.i,.  Nursery  Rhymes  of  England. 
"The  Storv  of  Catskin." 
Outcast  heroine,  because  father  is  disappointed  of  heir — 
Heroine  disguise (catskin  dress) — Bank  dresses  bidden  in  forest- 
Menial  heroine  (scullion)— Cook  throws  basin  of  water  at  heroine  : 
beats  her  with  ladle;  with  skimmer — Meeting-place  (ball) — Token 
objects  named—  Threefold  flight— Third  time  young  lord  follows 
heroine,  hides  in  forest  and  spies — Lovesick  lord — will  only  be 
nursed  by  Catskin — Happy  marriage — Mother-in-law  taunts 
heroine  with  poor  parentage. — Husband  seeks  her  father,  who, 
[  now  bereft  of  wife  and  children,  joyfully  owns  outcast  daughter. 


CINDERF.l.l^'t    VARIANTS. 


Christian  ScnvzhtKR,  Marchtn  uiid  Sagen  aus  Wahrhlimt. 
Innsbriick,  1867.     No.  XXIV,  pp.  59-63. 

"ASCHENBRODEI." 

Gifts  chosen  from  dying  father ;  heroine  gets  niayic  sword,  and  I 
sets  out  to  seek  a  husband — Menial  heroine  (takes  service 
opposite  palate) — Heroine  falls  in  love  with  young  Count- 
Menial  heroine  (kitchen-maid  at  palace) — Hearth  abode — Magic 
dresseB,  obtained  by  means  of  sword — Meeting-place  (ball) — 
HeroiriL-  struck  with  (1)  shovel,  (a)  tongs.  Token  objects  named 
— Threefold  flight— -Lovesick  prince  -  Secognition  food,  con- 
tains ring  slipt  on  heroine's  finger  at  third  ij.iil-  -Happy  marnage. 


Fiabe  Manlmmnt.     Roma,  1879.     No.  XXXVIII, 
pp.  177-8'- 
"The  Bear." 
Heroine,  greatly  beloved  by  father,  is  never  allowed  to  go  out 
—Witch  nurse  aid — (Counter-taskB) ;   heroine  asks  father  for 
wooden  den  and  bearskin —Heroine  diBguise^Heroine  flight- 
Hunting  prince  takes  heroine  to  palace — Hagic  dreBsea,  procured 
by  means  of  wand— Meeting-place  (ball)— Threefold  flight- 
Prince  follows  ;  is  detained  by  (1)  thick  mist,  (z)  heavy  deluge, 
(3)  furious  wind— Lovesick  prince— Eecognition  food  contains 
ring  given  at  third  ball — Happy  marriage. 


ZiNCERi.K,  Kinder-  und  HausmSrchen   am   SOddnitich/nnd, 

Regensburg,  1854.    Pp.  231-35- 

"Der  gkhendk  Wagkn." 

Heroine  dislikes  suitor  proijosed  by  father — CotintertaBkB — 
Hagic  dresses — Heroine  flight  in  carriage  which   travels  at  c( 
mand— Dresses  hidden  in  iiollow  oak-  Heroine  disguise  (mouse- 
skin   dress)  —  Menial   heroine  (kitchen-maid)  —Meeting-place 
(ball) — Threefold  flight — Heroine  escapes  through  hack  door  to    I 
oak.     At  third   ball,  when    guards  surround  caslle,  she  is  seen   j 
entering  garret — Heroine  discovered— Happy  marriage. 


— INtlKTKBMlNATE. 


The  following  are  not  referable  l6  any  distinct  type ; — 
I.    U.   Andrews,    Contes   Ltgures.     I'aris,    189a,     pp.    126-131. 
No,  XXVIU.     (From  Mentone;  told  by  Louisa  Aprosio.) 

"  Le  Pays  bes  Brides.  " 

Heroino  is  iliut;hter  of  exiled  prince  :  musi  cam  her  livings 
Sorceress-godmother    aid  —  Magic    dresBes    in    nuts  -Uenial 
iine  (in  nobleman'.s  service)--Meetii»g-place  (ball)— Heroine 

I  neglects  to  gel  horse  ready;  master's  son  strikes  her  with  (i) 
bridle,  (i)  saddle,  (3}  stirrups-  -Token  objects  named-  Threefold 
fligllt — Heroine  strikes  master's  son  with  whip  ;  throws  sand  in 
his  eyes — Love-siek  prince -[Becognition  food] — Heroine  asks 
to  prepare  food  ;  is  not  allowed  ;  dons  magic  dress  ;  appears  to 
invalid — Happy  marriage. 


rj.    B.    Andrews,    Contes   Ligurts.     Paris,    1892.     Pp.    149-151.    278  J 
No.  XX.VIII.     (From  Mentone;  told  by  Marie  Alavena.) 

"  Marlf.  Robf.  df.  Bois.  " 
Sorceress-godmother  invites  heroine  to  live  with  her — [Counter- 
tasks] — She  must  first  get  Uaglc  dresses  from  father — Heroine 
disguise  (wooden  dress) — Heroine,  forgetting  injunction,  exclaims, 
"Jisus,    Marie!''  is  thrown    by  sorceress-godmother   into  king's 
garden  ;  eats  oranges  ;  is  discovered  by  prince  ;  implores  king's 
pardon— Henial  heroine  (poultr>-girl) — Heeting-place  (ball)— 
I   [Threefold  flight] — Love-sick  prince— Becognition  food  {con- 
I'  tains  three  rings  given  at  three  balls)— Happy  marriage. 


LjOM  Arnason,  Icelandic  Legends.     Translated   by    Powell  and    273  J 
Magnilsson.     Second  Series.     Ixindon,  1866.     Pp.  490-98. 

"The  Tale  ok  how   three  Damsei^s  went  to  fetch  Fire," 

ni-treated   heroine  (by  parents  and    elder  sisters)— Eldest 

C  sister,  sent  to  fetch  fire,  returns  without  it,  after  having  disregarded 

I  voice,  damaged  food  in  cave,  and  kicked  dog,  who  has  thereupon 

Lbilten  olT  her  band.     Second  sister  acts  similarly,  and  dog  bites 


I  o(i  CINDEREU-A   VARIANTS. 

off  lier  nose — Heroine  replies  civilly  to  voice,  cooks  food,  eating  1 
none  till  giant  gives  permission.     Being  terrified  in    dog's 
heroine  rests  at  giant's  side.     (Slant  (hereupon   transformed  to  I 
prince.       Heroine   bums   troll's-shaiw,    breaking   spell.       Prince  J 
gives  heroine  shining  tunic  to  wear  beneath  rags,  and  costly  attire,  j 
which   sisters  afterwards  take  away  from   her — Heroine  i 
home    with    fire — Prince,  as   master  of  vessel,   comes  to  fetch  | 
heroine.     Elder  sisters,  attired   in    heroine's    finery,  are   shown 
him;    he    detects    loss    of  hand   and    nose.      Heroine    felched. 
Prince  tears  off  rags,  revealing  tunic — Vniain  HemeaiB.     Elder    ' 
sisters  are  stripped   of  finery,  and  given  heroine's  rags — ^ppy 
marriage. 


BAi.mi'R,  Mrs.,  Unpublished  Story  from  I.incolnshin 

"  Tattrrcoat.s." 

Ill-treated  heroine  by  grandfather,  because  of  her  resemblance  1 
lo  mother  who  died  at  her  birth.      She  spends  her  days  with  ' 
goose-herd,  her  greatest  friend.     Orandfalher  goes  to  meet  king. 
Heroine  weeps  that  she  may  not  go  too.     Herd-boy  proposes  lo 
lake  her.     On  the  way  a  rich  youth  (who  is  king's  son)  enquires  of 
them  the  way  to  king  ;  falls  in  love  with  Tattercoals  and  wants 
to  marry  her.     Persuades  her  to  go  that  night  lo  ball  with  her  I 
geese,  and  in  torn  petticoat  with  bare  feet,  and  promises  to  dance  I 
with  her — Ueeting^place  (ball).     Herd-hoy  plays  his  pipe,  and 
heroine's  rags  become  silk,  and   gold  crown  sits  on  her  golden 
hair;  geese    are  transformed  to  page-boys  bearing    her   train — 
Hapi^  marriage. 

Bl.ADE,  Contes  paptilairts  agtnais.      Paris,  1874.      Pp.  1 
"  pEAir  d'Ane." 
Voice  from  nut-tree  threatens  father  if  he  does  not  give  one  oX\ 
his  three  daughters  to  marry  king  of  France.     Eldest  daughter 
refuses  — \'oice    threatens    again.     Second    daughter    refuses- 
Voice  threatens  third  time.     Youngest  daughter  consents  condi- 
tionally—Coimter-taBkB—Hagic  dreBBes— Heroine  also  demands  1 
gold  plate,  goblet,  knife  and  fork,  and  golden  spinning  i 
mcntS^King  leaves  bride  after  church  ceremony.     If  heshouldl 


A 


D.— INDETERMINATE.  I07 

not  return  in  nine  years  she  must  seek  him— After  eight  years 
and  one  month  bride  begins  quest.  Finds  ass  skin — Heroine 
diflg^uise — Washerwomen  direct  her  to  church  where  king  of 
France  is  being  married. — As  recompense  heroine  washes  sooty 
cloth  white — Heroine  meets  king  leaving  church;  asks  if  he 
remembers  what  he  said  to  her  father.  Priest  adjures  him  to 
confess  if  previously  married.  King  says  no.  Bride  engages 
heroine  as  turkey-girl — Menial  heroine — Heroine  bribes  queen 
with  golden  gifts  and  magic  dresses,  and  three  nights  sleeps  with 
king,  who  has  had  sleeping  draughts  and  does  not  hear  her 
questions.  Third  night  he  has  less  potent  draught  and  replies. 
Queen  sent  to  her  own  home  with  bribes — Happy  marriage. 


Jean  FRAN901S  Blade,  Contes  populaires  de  la  Gascogne, 
Paris,  1886.     Vol.  i,  pp.  267-74. 

"Peau  d'Ane." 
(This  version  resembles  the  above.) 


August  Bondeson,  Historiegubbar  pd  Dal,  276 

Stockholm,  1886.     P.  22. 

"  Prinsassan  I  Jordkulan"  (The  Princess  in  the  Cave). 

Heroine  may  not  wed  prince ;  king  shuts  her  up  in  cave  with 
seven  maidens,  a  dog,  and  victuals  for  seven  years.  She  digs 
way  out ;  rides  on  bear  to  charcoal-burners — Menial  heroine 
(poultry-girl  at  castle) — Bride  sends  heroine  to  church  in  her 
stead ;  cannot  afterwards  repeat  words  said  on  the  way,  or  show 
gold  chain  which  prince  has  locked  round  heroine's  neck — 
Recognition — ^Happy  marriage. 


^KxvsSy /apanische  Mdrchen  und  Sagen,  Leipzig,  1885.  Pp.  74-8.    277 
"  The  Girl  with  the  Wooden  Bowl." 

Dying  mother  puts  wooden  bowl  on  daughter's  head  to  hide 
her  extreme  beauty.     Bids  her  never  take  it  off.    Heroine  dia- 
-Kfinial  Heroine — Master's  son  peeps  beneath  bowl ;  falls 


in  love  with  heroine.  She  will  not  niarr)'  him.  Mother-hel] 
dream — Heroine  now  consents  to  infliriage  :  but  bowl  cannot  be 
removed-  -  Happy  marriage — At  wedding-feast  bowl  bursts  and 
falls  to  the  ground.  The  pieces  are  transformed  to  precious 
stones  and  rare  jewels.  | 

COELHO,  Ciintos  fiopu/ares  Por/iigutsfs.     Lisbon,  1879.     Story      | 
No.  XXXI.  p.  75. 
"  I'Er.r.K-iiE-CAVALLo"  (Horse-skin). 
Widower  wishing  to  many  again  gets  rid  of  three  daughters  by  I 
shutting  them  up  in  tower     Eldest  daughters  die  of  starvation  ; 
youngest  signals  to  ship  and  is  rescued  by  captam — Old  woman 
aid— Menial  heroine  (carries  water  for  Wing) — Heroine  disguise 
(horse -skin)— Hero  me    dresses  for    three   balls    in  elder    sisters' 
clothes— Ueeting-place  (ball)— Lovesick  prince — ^Secognitioa 
food  (containing  ring  given  at  third  ball)— Happy  marriage. 


Cor.SHOHN,  Mar(httt  und  Sagen.     Hanover,  1854,     No.  XI.IV, 
pp.  I43-47. 
"AscHENi-auNc;." 
No  one  will  lie  godmother  to    heroine,  whose    parents   have  I 
eleven  sons,  and  are  poor.     Old  woman  appears  to  father;  stands  I 
godmother ;  fetches  child  away  in  year-ond-half,  brings  her  up  in  1 
house  m  forest.     When  heroine  is  fifteen,  old  woman  leaves  her  I 
for  three   days.       Forbidden  chamber  entered;    heroine  drops  i 
thimble  in   cask  of  human    blood:  cannot  remove  slain.      She 
must  leave  old  woman,  who    gives  her  wishing-b(jx.       Hunting 
prince  takes  heroine  to  palace—  Uenial  heroine — Hagic  dresaefl 
— Heeting-place  (ball) — Threefold   flight — Lovesick   prioc 
Heroine  (juesi- Eecognition  food— Happy  marriage. 


Damkt  Folkeitvtntyr,  oplegnede  af  Folkeminde-Samfundcls, 
Mcdlemmer.  1888.     P.  240.     No.  XXXVII. 
•'  ?Ri!JSEs,sEN  1  HiijKN  "  (The  Princess  in  the  Hillock). 
(This    story   resembles  No.  283,  which  see.       Heroine's  nam(r| 
also  "  GuldtiEming".) 


-INDETERMINATE. 


* 


0\KK\i\,  Si'ggia  lii  ItHiirc  vnrU  per  i  gimiaiii.     Torino,  1865,         ', 
No.  IV,  pp.  14I-IS7- 

■'  L'lSAHELHICCIA." 

Heroine  persuades  widon-ed  fatlier  to  marry  her  widowed 
governess  ;  afterward.s  to  admit  her  daughter-Ill-treated  heroine 
(t^  step-mother)— Menial  heroine  -Heroine  has  fish  to  cook  ;  a 
red-and-gold  fish  slips  from  her  hand  into  sink  :  bids  her  noi 
weep  al  loss :  gives  her  pomegraiiale  and  tells  her  when  in  need 
to  come  to  seashore  and  repeat  verse.  Heroine  stands  on  balcony 
10  eat  pomegranate  ;  il  falls  from  her  hand  into  garden  which 
adjoins  king's  garden.  Next  morning  a  tree  has  sprung  up  where 
il  fell,  bearing  yellow  and  red  apples.  King  would  know  when 
and  by  whom  tree  was  planted  ;  orders  pomegranates  to  be 
picked;  no  one  can  reach  them.  Sage  informs  king  thai  en- 
chanted fruit  can  only  he  plucked  by  one  destined  to  be  his 
bride — ^Fruit-picking  Harriage  test.  Tree  bows  down  to  heroine 
who  is  10  be  king's  bride.  Heroine's  father  now  dead,  stepmoiher 
persuades  king  to  let  her  live  with  heroine.  Hides  own  daughter 
in  carriage  and  on  way  to  palace,  pulls  out  heroine's  eyes  and 
llings  her  under  carriage — Substituted  bride — Heroine  wanders  lo 
village,  exchanges  clothes  with  shepherdess,  who  leads  her  to  sea- 
shore- Heroine  rei>eats  verse,  fish  appears,  bids  her  go  to 
neighbouring  town  with  basket  of  apricots.  Slep-mother  wants 
to  buy  them  for  daughter  who  craves  them  ;  heroine  only  parts 
with  them  in  exchange  for  an  eye.  Step-mother  gives  one  which 
she  has  torn  from  heroine  ;  fish  replaces  it  in  orbit,  and  bids  her 
sell  figs  for  other  eye.  Fish  replaces  second  eye,  and  sends 
heroine  to  buy  old  wonun  skin,  put  it  on,  and  seek  lodging  at 
palace.  Heroine  cuts  off  fish's  head  by  request,  re-transforming 
him  to  handsome  youth  who  gi\L-s  her  magic  wand  and  vanishes. 
Heroine  is  refused  admittance  at  palace  till  king  orders  it- — 
Heetilig-plftce  (ball)  Uagic dreeses  (by  means  of  wand)— Two- 
fold  flight — Thick  mist  hides  heroine  from  pursuers — Lovesick 
prince — B«cogiutioD  food  (contains  ring  given  at  ball)— Prince 
proclaims  her  his  true  wife  ;  exposes  im|Kislure.  Heroine  would 
pardon  stejv-mothcr  and  stepsister,  but  court  advise  retaliation — 
Happy  marriage  -Villain  Hemeais  (eyes  put  out). 


CINDERELLA 


Unpublished   Colkeiions.      (From    North 
Jutland.) 

"  PkiNStssE  TK.tTBojE"  (PriiiCKss  Wooden-cloak), 
Princess  may  not  marry  her  choice  ;  is  sejit  to  wilderness— 
Ontcast  heroine — Henial  heroine  (takes  service  in  lover's  pnlace)  1 
— Prince  to  wed  old  t)rincess  when  she  has  finished  her  web ;  I 
VVoodencloak  finishes  it.  Bride  cannot  wear  wedding-gown  ;  I 
sends  Woodencloak  as  bride.  Prince  gives  her  an  apple  and  [ 
gold  ring;  asks  these  from  old  princess  in  the  evening.  I 
must  go  to  Woodencloak,  who  in  the  end  becomes  queen —  I 
Happy  marriage. 

y.  (iKUNDTViG,  Gatnle  Danske  Minder  i  Folkemiindc.      1857.     11. 
P.  24.     (From  Thy,  Jutland.) 
■'Cui.uT-tRNiNG"  (Gold  nice). 
King  goes  to  war,    leaving  three  daughters  in  mound  with  vic- 
tuals for  seven  year.s.     Father  slain,   princesses  forgotten.     Uog 
and  cat  eaten  ;  elder  sisters  die.     Heroine  eais  tnouse  ;  digs  way 
out — Menial  heroine  (gooseherd  ;  cook  at  father's  [)alace)^New 
king's  bride  sends  heroine  to  church  in  het  stead  ;  cannot  presently 
repeat  to  bridegroom  things  said  on  way  to  church,  nor  return 
glove  given  as  pledge  ;  brings  heroine  under  her  cloak  to  restore 
glove.     Prince    holds    heroine    fast— Happy    marriage     Villain 


S.  (JkUNBTViG,  GamU  Danskf  Minder  i  Fitlktmundc.      1857. 
157.     (From  Vendsyssel,  Jutland.) 

"  PRiNsiosst.N  pA  Okn  "  (The  Princess  on  the  Island). 
English  prince  woos  Danish  princess  ;  may  not  have  her.     War 
ensues.     Danish  king  walls  up  heroine  with  seven   maidens  on  j 
island  with  provisions  for  seven  years.     King  slain  ;  heroine  for-  I 
gotten.     Maidens  in  turn  all  killed  and  eaten.     Heroine  eats  dog  I 
and  cat,  then  mice,  hanging  mouse-skins  on  strings.     Gels  out  of  fl 
castle  ;  signals  to  ship  ;  is  rescued  and  landed  at  capital  —Menial 
heroine  (scuUfry-niaid  at  father's  palace)^New  king    will    wed 
anyone  who  can  finish  web  (heroine's) — Duke's  daughter  tries  j 


D. — INDETERMINATE.  Ill 

heroine  finishes  web  for  her.  Bride,  afraid  to  ride  heroine's 
horse  to  church,  bribes  heroine  to  go  in  her  stead ;  cannot 
presently  repeat  to  bridegroom  things  said  on  way  to  church,  nor 
return  his  gold  gloves;  brings  heroine  into  darkened  room  to 
restore  gloves.     Prince  holds  her  fast — Happy  marriage. 


GuBERNATis,  Le  NovelHne  di  Santo  Stefano,     Torino,   1869.      285 

No.  IX,  pp.  29-30. 

"Le  Oche"  (The  Geese). 

Heroine  dresses  in  dead  mother's  skin  to  hide  her  extreme 
beauty  —  Heroine  disguise  —  Menial  heroine  (gooseherd)  — 
Heroine  mounts  tower  to  doff  disguise  ;  geese  see  her  and  sing. 
Cook  overhears  ;  spies  at  key-hole  at  night ;  tells  prince.  Cook 
steals  skin  from  under  bolster — Heroine  discovered — Happy 
marriage. 


Ibid,    No.  XII,  pp.  32-35.  286 

"  The  Cruel  Stepmother." 

ni-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — King  is  absent,  step- 
mother sends  heroine  to  forest  with  assassins.  They  spare  her; 
delude  queen  with  heart  and  eyes  of  lamb,  and  blood-stained 
dress.  Assassins  treacherously  killed.  Feigned  mourning  for 
heroine — Old  woman  aid — Queen  informed  that  heroine  has 
been  seen  at  window,  offers  witch  reward  to  kill  her.  Heroine 
disregards  old  woman's  injunction,  and  admits  beggar  (witch) 
who  gives  her  nosegay  and  necklet  of  flowers  which  send  her  into 
trance.  Old  woman  puts  her  in  coffin,  lights  four  candles  and 
abandons  house.  Hunting  prince  finds  and  tries  to  resuscitate 
beautiful  corpse.  Takes  coffin  to  his  own  room  in  palace. 
Mother  persuades  him  to  leave  it  to  give  audience ;  meanwhile 
she  enters  room  with  two  maidens.  They  remove  nosegay  and 
necklet ;  corpse  comes  to  life — ^Happy  marriage — Parents  bidden 
to  wedding — ^Villain  Kemesis  (step-mother  burnt). 


CINDERELLA   VARIANTS, 


I  287    Th.  S.  Haukenas,  Hardanger :  Natur,  FolkeHv,  Folketro.     VII. | 
1891.     Pp.  579-588. 

"  Annemor"  (Anna-mother  =-  Anna  darling). 
Heroine's  share  of  food  always  gels  lost  ;  father  exposes  her  ii 
forest  becau!;e  godforsaken  and  luckless — HUl-mati  aid— Henial   1 
heroine  (atpalace)— Prince  strikes  her  with  clogs  -Magic  dresses, 
and  br.iss,  silver,  gold,  goats  lo  ride,  from  hill  man — Ueeting- 
place  (church) ;  (three  gatherings  for  prince  lo  choose  bride)— 
Threefold  flight— Second  meeting-place  (ball)  -Heroine  wears  ■ 
rags  ovfr  magic  dress  ;  dances  with  print:e  -Happy  marriage^  I 
Meroinu  sees  her  past  life  in  magic  mirror  ;  pretends  her  laughter  I 
is  because  king's  caslle  stands  on  brazen  pillars,  while  her  father's  J 
stands  on  pillars  of  gold.     Prince  would  see  it.     Hill-man  shows  | 
heroine  where  to  find  such  a  castle,  which  is  to  be  her  dowry. 


London,  1S71.  P.  158. 1 


Ilouithbld  Gloria  from  the  Land  of  Ilujer. 

"Kl.EIN-El.SE." 

Father,    defeated    in    battle    and    mortally   wnundecl,   directs! 
heroine   to  esc.ipe    -Heroine  diBguise  (rags) — Heroine  flight- 
Enight-aid — He  bids  rock  o[)en  disclosing  ireasuro,  which  heroine  I 
may  use^Hc  will  return  in   seven   years,  and  she  must  by  r 
means  have  forgotten  his  name — Henial  heroine  (poultry-maid 
.It   nobleman's    cistlc)   -Hagic  dresses    (from   rock) — Meeting 
place  {church)- Threefold   Hight — Moncj'  scattered  to  hinder 
pursuit— Lovesick  baron,  will  eal  nothing  but  pancakes — Cook's 
pancakes   arc    burned ;    heroine's    are    used^Bect^nition  food 
(contains  ring  slipt  on  heroine's  linger  at  church,  and  diamond  — 
ring  taken  from  rock) — Heroine  appears  Iwfore  baron  in  siat4 
after  visiting   rock— Happy  marriage — The  seven  years  pass 
mysterious  knight  returns.     Heroine  has  forgotten  his  name. 
lakes  her  to  rock,  which  opens  and,  in  place  of  treasure,  dtscloi 
all  the  misery  she  might  have  relieved.     Husband  finds  dead^ 
body  of  heroine  kneeling  beside  treasure- rock. 


D. — INDETERMINATE.  II 3 

Kristofer  J  ANSON,  Folke-cventyr  uppskrivne  i  Sandeherad,         280 
Kristiania,  1878.     No.  Ill,  p.  13. 

"  KoNGSDOTTERi  I  Haugen"  (King's  Daughter  in  the  Mound). 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  witch  step-mother) ;  forbidden  to  many 
prince ;  shut  up  for  seven  years  in  underground  cave.  Heroine 
ties  gold  and  silver  thread  round  roots  of  lime-tree.  Wolf  falls 
through  roof  of  cave ;  heroine  dragged  out  by  wolf.  Horse  waiting 
to  carry  her  to  castle — Menial  heroine  (kitchen-maid) — Witch's 
daughter  sends  heroine  to  church  in  her  stead  as  prince's  bride ; 
cannot  presently  return  glove  to  prince  ;  brings  heroine  to  stretch 
out  hand,  which  prince  holds  fast — ^Happy  marriage — Villain 
Kemesis  (step- mother  and  step-sister  thrown  into  cave). 


« 


J.  Kamp,  Danske  Folkeceventyr,     1879.     P.  34.     No.  III.  290 

(From  Sealand.) 

KoNGEDATTEREN  I  Hojen"  (The  King's  Daughter  in  the  Hill). 

King  adopts  nephew  as  successor,  betrothing  him  to  daughter 
-King  slain  in  battle.     Sorceress  step-mother  entraps  heroine 


into  hill  chamber,  shutting  her  in  with  seven  maidens.  Wolf 
brings  them  food.  One  maiden  dies  every  year.  Heroine,  left 
alone,  gets  out  by  aid  of  wolf — [Helpful  animal] — Is  carried  into 
forest,  where  charcoal-burner's  wife  succours  her — Menial  heroine 
(spinning-maid  at  palace) — New  king  betrothed  to  sorceress's 
daughter,  who  must  weave,  sew,  and  ride,  to  prove  her  abilities. 
Heroine  exchanges  clothes  with  step-sister,  and  passes  tests. 
Bride  sends  heroine  to  church  in  her  stead — [Animal  witness]. 
Cuckoo  discloses  bride's  shame.  Bride  cannot  presently  repeat 
to  bridegroom  things  said  on  way  to  church,  nor  return  ring 
King  finds  her  struggling  to  get  it  from  heroine — Recognition  of 
princess,  supposed  dead — Happy  marriage — ^Villain  Kemesis 
(step-mother  and  step-sister). 


UNDERliLLA 


I  391        E.  T.  Kristf.n 


fi,Jyske  Polk(mind<r,  v,  p.  6a. 

(From  Jutland.) 


Prinsessen  1  Hojen"  (The  Princess  in  tlie  MouikI). 

Princess  betrothed  to  prince ;  their  falhers  disagree  and  go  to  j 
war.     Heroine  with  two  maids  and  dog  shut  up  in  mound  with  ] 
provisions  for  three  years.     Both  kings  kiilt.'d  ;  heroine  forgotter 
prince   reigns.     Heroine  eats  dog  ;  maids  die.     Wolf  scratches  J 
hole  in  mound ;  heroine  rides  on  its  liack  ;  is  found  in  forest  by 
charcoal-burner,  whom  she  serves— Menia!  heroine  (at  betrothed's 
palace) — PrinA's  bride  sends  heroine  to  chiirch  in  her  stead  ;  at 
feast    cannot   repeat   to   bridegroom  tlic  things  said  on  way  to 
church,  nor  show  ring.     She  brings  heroine  beneath  her  cloak  to    i 
stretch  out  hand   wearing  ring.     Prince  seizes  heroine's  hand. 
Explanation— Happy  marriage. 


I  292         E.  T.  KRiSTENbEN,y,iJ*r^  Folkeminder,  v,  p.  68.     No.  IX. 

"  Karl  Finkf.lfadkks  Dattf.b." 

Falher  goes  to  war,  leaving  heroine  with  dog  and  cat  inside  1 
mound,  and  with  provisions  for  seven  years      Father  is  killed,  and  I 
heroine  forgotten.     Victuals  failing,  she  cats  dog  and  cat,  then  lives  i 
on  mice,  making  cloak  of  their  skins.     Digs  way  out  of  mound ; 
leaves  some  mouse-skins  on  slicks  round  it — Heroine  disguise  l 
(mouse-skin  cloak)— ^Menial  heroine  (cook  at  father's  palace)— 
New  king  and  his  betrothed  cannot  unlock  palace  doors ;  heroine  | 
knows  keys— Bride  changes  clothes  with  heroine,  whom  she  sends 
to  church  in  her  stead  to  marry  king,  appearing  herself  at  wed- 
ding feast.     Al  night  lietroihed  must  repeat  to  bridegroom  what 
she  said  on  way  to  church ;  consults  cook.     Must  return  glove 
given  as  pledge  ;  heroine  will  only  deliver  it  up  to  bridegroom, 
who  seizes  her  hand  stretched  out  from  behind  betrothed — Happy 
mairiage. 


D. — INDETERMINATE.  II5 

MoLBECH,    Udvalgtt  Eventyr^  vol.  i,  p.  iii.     1854.     No.  XXI.    293 

(From  Jutland.) 

**  PiGEN  I  Museskindspelsen"  (The  Girl  in  the  Mouse-skin 

Cloak). 

Scjuire  builds  chamber  in  mound  for  daughter  during  war; 
shuts  her  in  it  for  seven  years.  Heroine  makes  herself  gold  and 
silver  dresses ;  then,  victuals  failing,  digs  way  out.  Dog  catches 
mice,  which  she  eats,  making  cloak  of  skins — Heroine  disguise 
(mouse- skin  cloak) — Menial  heroine  (scullery-maid  at  old  home) 
— New  squire  about  to  be  married.  Bride,  being  in  love  with 
another,  persuades  heroine  to  go  to  church  in  her  stead ;  cannot 
show  wedding-ring  to  bridegroom  during  dance  ;  fetches  heroine 
to  stretch  out  hand  in  dark  passage.  Bridegroom  holds  her 
fast.  Heroine  drops  disguise,  appearing  in  gold  dress — Happy 
marriage.     Betrothed  marries  own  lover. 


MuLLENHOFF,    Sagtn^   Marchen   und  Lieder  der  Herzogthumer    294 
Schieswig'Holstein  und  Lauenburg.     Kiel,  1845.     ^P- 39 '"394- 
No.  V.     (From  Meldorf.) 

"JUNGFER    MaLEEN." 

Princess  walled  up  in  high  tower  with  chambermaid  and  pro- 
visions for  seven  years,  that  she  shall  not  marry  prince.  Mean- 
while father  defeated  and  driven  from  kingdom ;  country  laid 
waste — Escape  of  heroine  and  maid  from  tower — Menial  heroine 
(kitchenmaid  at  lover's  palace) — Prince  about  to  be  married. 
Bride,  ashamed  of  her  ugliness,  makes  heroine  go  to  church  in 
her  stead ;  cannot  presently  repeat  to  bridegroom  things  said  on 
way  to  church,  nor  show  necklace  given  as  pledge.  Is  made  to 
confess,  and  sent  to  fetch  heroine;  gives  order  for  her  to  be 
beheaded  instead.  Prince  rescues  heroine,  recognising  her  by 
means  of  necklace — Happy  marriage — Villain  Kemesis. 


I  2 


110  CINDERELl^    VARIUNTS, 

PiTRE,  Fiabe  novtlk  €  racconti popnlari  SUUiani,  vol.  i. 
Story  No.  XI.II,  p.  36S. 
"Grattula-Beodattula"  (Fair  Date). 
Merchant,  called  away  on  business,  walls  up  his  three  daughters 
in  house  with  plentiful  provisions  against  his  return.  Servant  to 
take  orders  rrom  window  —Gifts  chosen  by  daughters.  The 
branch  of  dates  in  silver  vase  promised  to  heroine,  forgotten  Ijy 
father,  whose  boat  is  tempest-tossed  and  cannot  proceed  till  he 
gets  it.  Meanwhile  eldest  sister  drops  thimble  into  well ;  heioine 
is  let  down  to  recover  it.  Finds  her  way  to  magic  garden ; 
gathers  flowers  and  fruits ;  bids  sisters  draw  her  up  again. 
Garden  belongs  to  prince  of  Portufial,  who  blames  gardener  for 
havoc  done.  Heroine  importunes  sisters  to  let  her  down  next 
day;  returns  with  more  spoil.  But  prince  has  caught  sight  of 
her.  He  lies  in  ambush  next  day;  she  hears  him  move,  is 
alarmed  and  has  only  just  time  to  leap  through  hole  into  well— 
Lovesick  prince — Proclamation  that  parents  of  all  ranks  must 
bring  their  daughters  to  three  days'  festival  on  pain  of  death — 
Heroine  will  not  go  with  sisters ;  bids  merchant  say  he  has  only 
two  daughters.  Left  alone,  heroine  prays  to  "  Fair  date"— Fairies 
appear,  diess  her  in  Uagic  dreeees  and  send  her  to  palace — 
Heeting-place  (ball)^  Prinre  recognises  her  but  can  get  no 
information  from  her  -Twofold  flight— Pursuers  detained  with 
(1)  pearls  and  jewels  which  heroine  shakes  from  her  hair,  (2)  bags 
of  money  which  bruise  their  faces — At  third  ball  king  detains 
heroine  and  insists  she  shall  marry  his  son.  Merchant  is  pardoned 
for  disobeying  mandate — Happy  marriage. 


Ibid.,  vol.  i,  p.  388.  Variant  of  No.  XUII. 
"  Truvaturedda"  (Trovatorella). 
Heroine  disguise  (tree-trunk)— Menial  heroine  (tends  poultry) 
— Hearth  abode— Magic  dresees  (obtained  from  three  enchanted 
bails  of  thread)- Meeting-ploce  (ball)— Heroine  robs  prince  o( 
three  diamonds  ;  their  loss  makes  him  ill.  (Lovesick  prince)— 
Aecognition  food. 


— I N  DET  K  R  %n  N  AT  E. 


Bbrnhard  Schmidt,  GrUchische  Afdrchen,  Sagm  und  VolksHtder. 
Lcip^ig,  1877.     Pp,  93-98.     No.  XII.     {From  Zakynthos.) 

"The  Draoon," 
King,  following  hunted  slag  into  magic  garden,  is  entrapped 
by  dragon ;  musl  promise  a  daughter  in  his  stead.  Youngest 
daughter  consents  to  marry  dragon  in  order  to  liberate  father. 
Heroine  enters  forbidden  chamber ;  finds  prince  in  a  deep  pit, 
rescues  him,  making  him  promise  to  bring  gold  chest  to  dragon's 
palace,  that  she  may  escape  in  it.  Prince's  mother  gives  him 
kiss  of  oblivion  ;  but  goldsmith  has  made  chest  and  tries  to 
dispose  of  it.  Heroine  buys  it,  bidding  goldsmith  fetch  it  in  two 
months'  time  and  take  it  to  prince.  Heroine's  hiding-box. 
Heroine  eats  prince's  food — SurpriBe  rencontre — Prince  goes  to 
war ;  his  aunt  borrows  chest ;  heroine,  hearing  it  is  to  be  thrown 
on  the  fire,  gets  out,  and  turns  into  bird — Prince  returns,  finds 
chest  empty — Lovesick  prince — Bird  flies  in  at  window  ;  is 
retransformed^  Happy  marriage^Villain  NemesiB.  Aunt  and 
her  daughter,  who  wanted  to  wed  prince,  are  beheaded. 


id  Tubingen,  1845.    298 


SCHon,  iValachis(/ie  Afanhtn.     Stuttgart  a 
Story  No.  IV,  pp.  100-105. 

"The  Princess  Goosegirl." 
Bl-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother).  She  is  imprisoned  and 
starved ;  after  three  days  step-mother  sends  her  jug  of  water 
containing  young  snake,  which  heroine  swallows  unawares.  It 
grows  inside  her — Outcast  heroine^  Father  gives  her  twelve 
costly  dresses,  all  of  which  she  must  wear  under  wooden  cloak-^ 
Heroine  disguise— Menial  heroine  (goose-herd  at  palace) — 
Reapers  see  her  lake  olT  disguisu  and  dresses  to  bathe  ;  report 
to  prince,  who  watches  from  behind  bush.  Sees  her  fall  a.sleep 
after  baihmg  and  huge  snake  crawl  out  of  her  mouth.  Throws 
his  ting  at  it ;  drives  it  away.  Heroine  picks  up  ring  on  waking. 
Is  met  presently  by  prince  and  asked  about  ring  on  finger.  She 
would  restore  it  to  him  but  he  begs  her  to  keep  ii  and  become 
his  wife.  They  are  married  secretly  without  king's  consent. 
Heroine  still  wears  disguise— Meeting-place  (church)— Twofold 


I 


Il8  CINDERELLA   VAKIANIS, 

flight^Watch  set  at  church  doors  on  third  day  by  prince's  father, 
who  would  discover  who  unknown  beauty  is.  Prince  presents 
her  to  him  as  the  goose-girl,  his  wooden  bride— Happy  marriage 
(celebrated)— Heroine's  father  invited— Villain  NemeBia  (step- 
mother). 


3  SkaUegravertn^  ix.  p.  185.     No.  566.     (From  Jutland.) 

"Princesskn  I  Hulen"  (The  Princess  in  the  Cave). 
Prince  woos  heroine ;  goes  to  war  with  king,  her  father — 
Heroine  and  maid  shut  up  in  underground  chamber  with  pro- 
visions for  seven  years.  King  slain  ;  castle  burned  down  ;  but 
heroine's  unfinished  web  rescued.  New  king  will  wed  anyone 
who  can  finish  it— Heroine  catches  mice  for  food;  gets  out  of 
cave^Menial  heroine  begs  at  new  king's  castle  ;  finishes  web  for 
sorceress ;  goes  to  church  in  her  stead.  Sorceress  cannot  pre- 
sently repeat  to  bridegroom  things  said  on  way  to  church,  nor 
return  glove  ;  persuades  heroine  to  enter  dark  room  and  stretch 
oat  hand  holding  glove.  King  holds  her  fast— Happy  marriage 
— Villain  NemesiB. 


Soc.  de  Litt.   i-'inn.     MS.  Collections.     Hy  P.  A.  Paldani. 
No,  I,  16.     (From  Ylojarvi,  in  West  Finland,  1852.) 

"The  Servants'  Places," 
Two  girls  go  OS  king's  servants.  First  meets  (1)  ram,  and  will 
not  shear  it,  (3)  cow,  and  will  not  milk  it,  (3)  old  man,  and  will 
not  comb  him,  (4)  well,  and  will  not  cleanse  it,  because  she  has 
washed  hands  and  feet  for  tliree  days.  Talking-bird  at  palace 
foretells  her  doom.  She  disobeys,  and  enters  guarded  room  full 
of  bones  and  blood,  second  room  full  of  pain  and  woi-.  In 
third  room  is  set  Task,  to  prepare  dinner  from  eight  grains,  three 
peas,  and  eight  grains  of  salt.  Begrudges  salt  to  white-haired 
old  man  ;  he  eats  it  all.  She  cannot  make  dinner  :  is  slain  in 
room  of  bones  and  blood.  Heroine  milks  cow,  shears  ram, 
combs  old  man's  hair,  cleanses  well,  and  reaches  palace.  Talk- 
ing-bird prophesies  happiness.  Heroine  finds  gold  and  silver  in 
first  room.  Is  set  same  task  ;  gives  salt  to  old  man  ',  prep.irts 
excellent  dinner :  is  installed  in  fold -and- silver  room. 


D. — INDETERMINATE,  1 19 

MijAT  Stojanovic,  Narodne  Pripoviedke,     Zagabria  (Agram),       301 

1879.     Pp.  115  if. 

"  KcERKA  I  Pastorka"  (Daughter  and  Step-daughter), 

Ill-treated  heroine  (by  step-mother) — Father  persuaded  to  lead 
heroine  to  forest — Tasks,  strawberry-picking,  spinning — Heroine 
passes  night  in  cottage,  lights  the  fire,  and  cooks — ^Helpftd 
aTiimal  (mouse),  in  return  for  food,  helps  heroine  to  outwit  bear, 
with  whom  she  must  play  at  blind-man's  buff.  Heroine  receives 
riches  and  horses  as  prize  for  winning  game — Animal  witness 
(dog)  announces  heroine's  return  with  gifts — Step-mother,  jealous, 
sends  own  daughter  to  forest.  She  drives  mouse  away,  and  is 
devoured  by  bear — Animal  witness  (dog)  announces  return  of 
father  from  fetching  woman's  daughter,  carrying  her  bones  in  a 
sack — ^Villain  Nemesis.  Step-mother  dies  of  grief— Happy 
mairiage. 


B.  Thorpe,  Yule-tide  Stories.     London,  1888.     Pp.  236-244.       302 

(From  South  Smiland.) 

"The  Princess  in  the  Cavern." 

King  shuts  heroine  in  cavern  with  maid,  dog,  cock,  and  pro- 
visions for  seven  years — King  killed  during  war — Heroine  gets 
out  of  cavern  ;  lives  with  charcoal-burner.  Sets  out  to  seek  ser- 
vice. Gives  dog  to  wolf,  and  is  helped  over  sea — ^Menial  heroine 
(waiting-maid  at  palace  of  betrothed) — Prince  to  wed  anyone  who 
can  finish  princess's  (  =  heroine's)  web,  and  wash  stains  from 
kerchief.  Heroine  performs  tasks  for  mistress ;  must  go  to 
church  in  her  stead.  Bride  cannot  presently  repeat  to  prince 
words  said  on  way  to  church,  or  show  girdle  which  only  he  can 
unclasp  from  heroine's  waist.  Heroine  sent  for ;  recognised — 
Happy  marriage. 


Thorpe,  Yule-tide  Stories,  pp.  375-380.  303 

"The  Girl  clad  in  Mouse-skin." 

Father  goes  to  war,  leaving  heroine  and  dog  inside  mound 
which  she  may  not  leave  for  seven  years.  Heroine  and  dog  live 
on  mice,  of  whose  skins  she  makes  cloak  to  cover  gold  dress. 


lacking  food  she  digs  way  out  of  mound  when  seven  years  have 
well-nigh  passed.  Heroine  disgiiise— Uenml  heroine,  takes 
service  at  father's  old  home,  where  prepataiions  are  being  made 
for  wedding  of  new  owner.  Dride  persuades  heroine  to  don 
brida]  dress  in  her  stead,  that  bride  may  marry  man  she  loves. 
After  church  ceremony  they  exchange  dresses  again,  but  heroine 
retains  ring  on  finger.  At  wedding-ball  bridegroom  misses  ring 
from  bride's  finger.  She  runs  to  heroine,  who  will  only  stretch 
forth  hand  in  dark.  Bridegroorh  drags  her  into  ball-room;  sees 
girl  in  raouse-skir  dress.  Heroine  casts  off  disguise,  appears  in 
gold  dress,  and  tells  her  story — Happy  marriage. 


Webster,  Basque  Legends.     London,  1877.     Pp.  158-165. 

"  Ass-sKtN.' 
Ill-treated  heroine  (by  employers).  Heroine  is  trusted  servant 
to  king  and  ^ucen.  Treasury  is  roblied  and  heroine  unjustly 
accused  and  condemned  to  death.  Assassins  spare  her  and 
delude  king  with  heart  of  ass— Heroine  disguifle  (ass-skin) — 
Menial  heroine  (goose-girl)  at  palace — Old  woman  aid — Uagic 
dresBee  Meeting-place  \ball) — Token  objects  named^Three- 
fold  flight — Heroine  promises  to  marry  prince  and  accepts  ring 
—  Lovesick  prince  —  Becognition  food  -  Happy  maniage. 
During  wedding  feast  bride  relates  her  history.  King,  who  ordered 
her  death,  is  present.  Bridegroom  slays  him — Villain  Vemesia 
^Heroine's  children  die  ;  parents  follow  them  to  heaven. 


ES06   Wlisi.ocki,  Dr.  Heinrich  von,  Marchtn  undSagm  derBukowi- 
naer  und  Siebeniiirger  ArmtnUr.     Hamburg,  1892.    Pp.  55-58. 


"KONIG  Ai 


UND  DAS  Waisenmaih:hen." 


King,  being  urged  to  marry  against  his  will,  at  length  promises 
to  take  as  his  queen  any  girl  who,  at  distance  of  hundred  paces, 
can  knock  crown  off  his  head  with  an  apple — Uarriage  test — 
Heroine  appears  veiled  and  flower-bedecked ;  knocks  oS  crown 
with  diamond  apple,  then  vanishes.  This  happens  thrice.  Third 
time  king  picks  up  diamond  apple,  and  sees  heroine's  face  in  it. 


D. — INDETERMINATE.  121 

Heroine  quest — Love-sick  king — King,  benighted  in  mountains, 
seeks  shelter  in  old  woman^s  hut.  During  night  overhears  soft 
voice  amid  old  woman^s  scoldings  ;  inquires  next  morning  ;  hears 
of  good-for-nothing  step-daughter,  who  wastes  bread  on  pet  owl 
that  gave  her  three  diamond  apples.  Recognition  of  heroine — 
Happy  marriage. 


XiSi^iL^l,^  (Tirols)  Kinder- und  Hausmdrchen,  Innsbriick,  1852.    306 

Story  No.  II,  pp.  5-16. 

"CiSTL  IM  KORBL." 

Heroine,  orphaned  and  homeless,  wanders  in  forest  weeping — 
Green  huntsman  aid — He  takes  her  to  magic  oak  containing 
treasure  for  her  use.  He  will  return  in  seven  years,  and  she  must 
be  able  to  remember  his  name,  "  Cistl  im  Korbr' — Menial  heroine 
(poultry-girl)— Magic  dresses  from  oak— Meeting-place  (church) 
— Threefold  flight — Pursuers  detained  with  scattered  silver  and 
gold — Lovesick  count — Becognition  food  contains  ring  given  at 
third  meeting — Happy  marriage — Seven  years  have  well-nigh 
passed ;  heroine  cannot  remember  name.  It  is  recalled  to  her  at 
sight  of  gardener  putting  flat  head-basket  (cistl)  in  large  basket 
(korbl) — She  meets  green  huntsman ;  greets  him  by  name ;  is  told 
to  keep  it  secret. 

{For  No,  307  and  following  Nos,,  see  Appendix.) 


Part  II.— TABULATIONS. 


G.   A.    AiJKRc;,  Nyiiuidska   Folksagor   (published    in    Swedish).     1^ 
Helsingfors,  1887.     P.  321.     No.  251.     (From  Finland.) 

"  DOM  TRI  FlIKKONA,  SOM  SKU  TI  KuNGSGALN  O  TYiENA" 

(The  three  Girls  who  went  as  Servants  to  the  King's  Palace). 

(i)  A  poor  farmer  has  three  daughters.  For  seven  years  they  wash  their 
hands  in  quite  new  milk,  because  they  are  to  be  waiting-maids  in  the  king's 
palace. — (2)  The  eldest  sets  out  to  the  palace,  and  meets  a  sheep  with  shears 
on  its  horns,  who  says,  *'  Shear  me,  and  you  shall  have  wool !  '*  "  No,  indeed ! 
I  don*t  care  to  make  my  hands  dirty  shearing  you  ;  for  I  have  been  washing 
them  for  seven  years  in  new  milk,  because  I  am  going  to  the  king's  palace  to 
be  a  waiting-maid."  After  this  she  meefs  a  cow  with  a  milk-pail  on  her  horns, 
who  ssys,  "Milk  me,  and  you  shall  have  milk.''  She  gives  a  like  answer. 
Presently  she  comes  to  where  there  is  an  old  man  lying  in  a  ditch,  and  saying, 
"  Help  me  up."  She  replies  to  him  in  the  same  manner,  and  goes  on  her 
way. — (3)  The  same  things  happen  to  the  second  daughter,  who  gives  the 
same  answers. — (4)  But  the  third  daughter  shears  the  sheep  and  gets  the  wool, 
milks  the  cow  and  puts  the  wool  into  the  milk,  comes  to  the  ditch  where  the 
old  man  is  lying  wiih  a  stick  in  his  hand.  One  end  of  the  stick  is  green 
and  the  other  black.  "Where  are  you  going?"  he  asks.  "To  the  royal 
palace,  to  be  a  waiting- maid."  "  You  will  only  get  employed  there  as  a  swine- 
herd ;  but  one  of  these  days  you  will  be  so  exalted  that  your  sisters  will  be 
your  servants.  But  help  me  up  first."  She  does  so,  and  the  old  man  gives 
her  his  stafif. — (5)  She  reaches  the  palace,  is  made  swine-herd,  her  sisters 
contemning  her.— (6)  Wishing  for  a  beautiful  dress,  she  strikes  with  the  black 
end  of  her  stick  under  the  pig-sty  wall,  and  she  gets  one,  and  takes  a  walk  in 
the  garden.  The  king  sees  her,  but  has  no  idea  who  she  is,  and  tries  vainly 
to  catch  her.  And  the  second  time  he  tries  in  vain. — (7)  But  the  third  time 
she  loses  her  shoe,  and  the  king  tries  it  on  all  his  people,  but  it  will  fit  nobody. 
At  last  he  tries  it  on  the  swineherd,  whom  it  fits  perfectly.  Then  she  con- 
fcsses  that  she  has  walked  in  the  garden. — (8)  The  king  marries  her,  so  she 
becomes  queen,  and  her  sisters  are  her  servants. 


^  The  following  Tabulations  are  arranged  biblirgraphically,  and  numbered 
according  to  the  corresponding  Abstracts. 


CINDERELLA 


2     G.  A.  Aberg,  Nylandska  Folksagor.     Hdsingfors,  1887. 
No.  253.    {From  Virby  in  Kyrnslatt,  Finland.) 

"Flickorna,  som  foro  till  Kungens  gArd"  (The  Girls  wh( 
went  10  the  King's  Palace). 
[  I )  Three  listen — two  wicked,  one  good — »re  to  go  to  pilace  to  be  kin 
[ervanti.  On  Ihe  m&j  eldest  meets  cow  with  millc-pail  on  its  honu  asking  Co 
be  milked,  promisinE  "'Ik  u  reward.  Girl  refuses  lest  ahe  soil  nice  white 
hkoda.  Sbe  goes  Curlher  and  meets  sheep  with  scissors  on  its  horns  asking  lo 
be  sbom,  protnising  wool  u  reward.  Giil  fiive)  SBme  answer.  Next  she 
meets  old  man  wilb  knife  in  his  hand,  asking  to  be  loused.  She  (^vcs  tune 
answer  ;  goes  to  palace  and  gets  empIoymenL — (2)  Second  sister  meets  the 
tame,  and  likewise  refuses  to  help  Ihcm.—  (3)  Heroine  milks  cow  and  drinks 
the  milk  ;  shears  sheep  and  lakes  the  wool  -,  louses  old  man  and  gets  from  him 
«  silk  dress,  a  silver  dress,  a  gold  dress,  gold  shoes,  gold  carriage,  and  gold 
horse.~(4)  She  takes  service  at  palace.— (5)  On  Sunday  she  goes  to  church 
in  silk  dress  ;  sisters  see  fair  lady  and  afterwards  tell  heroine,  who  says  she 
would  like  to  go  herself  next  Sunday  to  look  al  her.— (6)  Next  Sunday 
hermne  wears  silver  dress  to  church,  and  afterward;  makes  same  remark  to 
sisleis. — {7)  I'hird  Sunday  she  drives  to  church  in  gold  carriage,  weiring  gold 
("ress  and  shoes.  Afterwards  tells  sUtersshe  is  very  lorry  shcdid  not  go  to  see 
(he  fair  lady;  will  certainlv  go  next  Sundar.—(8)  And  she  t,a».  But  fur 
lady  is  not  there,  having  lost  gold  shoe  last  Sunday,  and  not  liking  (o  go 
without  it. — [9)  Prince  finds  shoe,  and  says  he  will  wed  whomsoever  it 
It  is  too  smalt  for  some,  loo  large  for  others.  At  last  heroine  tries  it  01 
ll  fits  her — (10}  Prince  nuuriet  heroine. 


J.  B,  Andrews,  Cmks  Ligures,  Traditions  de  )a  Rivifere,  recueillis 
entre  Menton  el  Gines.  Paris,  1891.  No.  I,  pp.  3-7.  (Told  to 
Mr.  Andrews  in  Mentonc.) 

"Catarina." 
(l)  Heroine  peiiuades  her  widowed  father  to  marry  her  fairy.god-mother, 
who  has  prompied  her  to  do  this,  saying  it  will  make  her  happy.  Heroine  is 
kindly  treated  till  ilep-mother  has  two  children  ;  after  thai  she  is  sent  to  mind 
the  goat  and  is  set  task,  (o  spin  a  pound  and  a  half  of  hemp. —  (l)  She  goes  to 
the  wood  and  weeps.  Goal  asks  why,  then  bids  her  le.td  him  to  where  the 
grass  is  thick,  place  the  hemp  on  his  head  and  lo  I  it  will  be  instantly  spun. 
Heroine  takes  sptm  hemp  lo  step-molher  who  gives  her  more  to  spin  next  day. 
—(3}  During  supper  next  evcnini;  father  tells  slep-roother  to  slay  the  goaL 
Heroine  goes  weeping  to  the  stable  ;  goat  tells  her  not  to  cat  any  of  his  desh, 
to  collect  all  bis  bones  into  a  basket,  and  they  will  give  her  anything  ihe 
may  desire.— {4)  Father,  who  ii  a  sailor,  starts  on  a  voyage  and  aski  heroine 


i 


ANDREWS.  ri5 

le  shall  bring  hn  home.  She  wuiB  nothing,  only  iskt.  father  to  ciit  on 
M.  Arrived  »t  GcDOB,  falher  visits  aant  and  says,  "  Catarinx  sends  you 
{peeling".  Aunt  gives  him  a  nut  to  take  ti>  her.  Heroine  goes  to  her  room, 
creeks  nut  and  linds  besutiful  nlk  dress  intidr. — (5)  Next  Sunday  step-mother 
dreues  her  Ivo  daughters  and  asks  heroine  if  she  is  not  going  to  mass, 
Heroine  says  no,  bat  goes  to  her  room  and  dons  silk  dress,  then  goes  to  bones 
and  asks  to  be  made  the  most  lovety  girl  in  the  world.  Thus  iraniformed  she 
goct  10  church  irhere  king's  son  insUnlly  falls  in  love  with  her.  She  aeata 
heneir  by  her  slep- sisters,  uses  her  while  handkerchief  and  drops  iL  Step- 
sjller  picks  it  up  and  heroine  bids  her  keep  it.  After  mass  heroine  return* 
home,  imdresses,  goes  to  the  bones  and  asks  to  lie  made  as  she  was  before. — 
(6)  Following  Sunday  she  goes  lo  mass  and  king's  son  has  guards  stationed  at 
Uic  church-door  to  stop  her.  She  throws  a  handful  of  bran  m  their  eyes  and 
escapes  them  ;  retnrns  home  and  doffs  finery. — (7)  Her  father,  starting  on 
■nolher  voyage,  ^ain  asks  what  he  shall  bring  her.  She  wants  nothing,  anij 
that  be  shall  greet  her  aunt.  He  does  so  and  the  aunt  gives  him  an  almond 
forCalarina,  who  creeks  it  and  finds  inside  a  pair  of  gold  siippers.— (8)  Next 
Sunday  she  goes  to  church  wearing  silk  dre^^s  and  gold  shoes.  King's  son  has 
stationed  soldiers  at  the  door  lo  catch  her ;  ^he  has  put  some  pence  in  her 
pocket  and  throws  a  handful  in  their  eyes  when  they  are  atK>ut  lo  seize  her. 
But  in  escaping  she  loses  one  slipper,^(9)  King's  son  will  wed  whomsoever 
it  fits  Uld  goes  into  every  street  trying  il.  It  is  too  large  for  some,  loo  small 
for  others.  At  length  he  comes  to  heroine's  house  and  uks  if  there  are  any 
ptU  there.  Step-tcoiber  says,  yes,  she  has  two  but  neither  has  been  able  to 
put  on  the  slipper.  King's  son  asks  il  she  has  not  anolher  daughter,  but  slep- 
molber  says  she  is  loo  dirty  to  be  seen.  Prince  wishes  lo  see  her  and  will 
marry  her  if  slipper  (its  her.  Caterina  is  dressing  in  her  room  when  she  is 
called,  and  comes  down  with  gold  slipper  on  one  foot  and  the  other  foot  bare. 
—  (lo)  Kirg's  son  tecs  that  slipper  is  hers  and  takes  her  lor  hb  wife.  There 
^^  il  a  gnnd  fcasL 


Jiid.,  pp.  I  ?6-3i.  No.  X-Win.     (From  Metilone  ;  told  by 
Louisa  Aprosio.) 

"  Le  Pavs  des  Brides," 


(ll  Poor,  exiled  prince  has  beautiful  daughter,  whoM  godmother  is  a 
•orceress.  Family  inust  earn  their  living.  One  day,  when  heroine  is  seeking 
work  in  the  town,  her  godmother  appears  to  her.  gives  her  a  walnut,  an 
almond,  and  a  haret-nul,  which  she  is  to  use  at  her  need,  then  vanishes.— (l) 
Finding  no  work  to  do,  heroine  determines  to  take  service,  and  is  engaged  by 
■  wealthy  nobleman.  She  dresses  shabbily  and  goes  unwashed  in  order  lo 
look  ugly,  and  is  cjulle  unrecognisable. — '3)  One  day  master  gives  grand  ball 
in  one  of  his  palaces.  His  son  oncers  servant  lo  saddle  his  horse.  Heroine 
pnTi  on  bridle  insleid  of  saddle,  and  aikt,  mistress  10  let  her  go  and  see  ball. 
Slie  is  refilled.     Master's  son  is  getling  ready  to  start,  and  finding  bis  horse 


136 


■  INDKKKI.I. 


not  saddled,  calU  serTHUt  2nd  gives  her  good  blow  with  briJIe,  sendiag  hec  il 
tean  to  mistTcis,  who  onsoles  her.  Encia'aged  by  her  kindan^  heroine 
again  aAi  to  be  alloned  to  go  to  ball,  but  mistress  cinnol  permit  it,  as  it  U 
Dot  the  thing  for  servants  to  go,  and  she  is  too  dirty.  When  evening  comea 
heroine  dElermines  to  g>,  crukt  the  walnut,  and  takes  out  a  lovely  dress  with 
pattern  on  il  like  the  sea  and  liahes.  She  combs  her  hair,  and  instantly  it 
becomes  golden  and  Ulls  in  ringlets  on  her  shoulders.  Her  shoes  are  alio 
golden.  She  finds  a  hotse  ready  ts  take  her.  Everyone  in  the  ball-room  ii 
struck  with  her  beauty.  Mister's  son  wouli  dance  with  her,  and  asks  her 
name.  She  will  not  answer.  He  asks  whence  she  comes.  "  From  the  Land 
of  Reins,"  she  says,  and  leaves  suddenlf  and  mounts  ber  horse.  Voung  man 
tries  to  vain  to  follow  her.  After  the  ball  he  lells  mother  he  has  falleD  tn  Iotc 
with  beautiful  girl  and  will  die  if  he  does  not  see  her  again.  Mother  rccom- 
mends  bis  giving  a  second  ball  on  the  chance  of  her  coming  agiin.  Prepara- 
tions Bre  made. —(4)  Heroine  is  again  Tefused  permission  to  look  on  at  ball, 
and  goes  weeping  to  her  room.  Master's  son  readj  to  start,  and  finding  horse 
saddled  but  not  bridled,  calls  ber  down  and  hits  her  with  saddle,  then  goea 
otf.  lieioine  cracks  almond,  and  tindt  inside  adress  with  the  sun  embroidered 
on  it.  At  the  ball  she  ogiin  refuses  to  tell  her  name,  but  says  she  comes  from 
"the  Land  of  the  Saddle".  She  is  abont  to  withdraw;  but  master's  son 
retains  her  arm,  conducts  her  to  horse,  and  helps  her  mount.  Drawirg  ■ 
whip  from  her  pocket,  she  gives  him  a  cut  across  the  eyes  and  disappears,  lie 
again  confides  in  his  mother,  who  advises  third  baU.~(5)  When  he  is  about  to 
■tart  to  ball  there  are  no  stirrups.  He  TcKhes  them  himself  and  throws  them 
in  heroine's  fice.  She  goes  to  complain  to  mother,  who  excuses  her  son, 
saying  ihai  his  behaviour  is  due  to  his  beirg  unhappy,  and  that  he  will  give  no 
ball  after  to-night,  and  if  he  does  not  Gnd  his  lady'love  be  will  put  an  end  to 
bimseir.  Heroine  begs  10  go,  since  this  is  the  last  ball,  and  promises  to  keep 
outofsighL  Mistress  gives  permission.  Heroine  cracks  the  hazel-nat,  and 
lovely  dress  falls  out  with  moon  embroidered  upon  it.  Everyone  admires 
her;  she  is  more  beaii'iful  than  ever.  Young  master  implores  her  to  tell  who 
she  is  and  whence  she  comes.  She  comes  from  "  Stirrup- Land",  but  will  not 
tell  her  name.  She  teavei ;  the  prince  (iiV)  follows  her.  To  get  nd  of  Mm, 
she  lakes  handful  of  sand  from  her  pocket  and  throws  il  in  his  face,  then 
vanishes.  He  is  in  despair,  and  telU  mother  the  several  answers  he  has 
received  from  the  lovely  girl.— (6)  From  that  day  he  foils  ill;  no:hiDg 
teslores  him.  Servant  a-iks  his  mother  to  let  her  prepare  bis  meals  for  him  j 
perhaps  he  will  t^ke  them  then.  Mjther  says,  "  llj«  dare  she  ojik  such  a 
thing?"  lleroLoe  goes  lo  her  room  and  keeps  out  of  sight.  But  io  Ibc 
evening,  at  the  hour  of  the  ball,  she  dons  the  moon  dress  and  presents  herself  J 
before  the  invalid.  He  recognises  her.  She  explains  that  she  kept  him  ii 
Ignorance  because  he  struck  her  before  starling  10  the  l£te,  and  becausB  lu 
mother  would  not  !e:  her  go  to  iL — (7]  She  relates  her  htsloty,  lends  him  till  | 
lie  is  well,  then  marries  him. 


*F.WS. — ARCH.I'OLOCICAL    1 


Jy**;/,.  pp.  149-S'-     N«-  XXXIII.     (From  Mentone:   lold  by       272 

Marie  Alavena.) 

"Marie  Robe  de  Bors." 

1.  {I]  Young  gill  hu  ■  sorcertss  godmother,  who  one  day  aiki,  "  Would  yoa 

;  wilbmef  "     Heroine  ssji  "Yes".    If  so,  she  must  ask  fslber  to 

J  her  ■  dr«s&  like  Lhe  mooD.     Heroine  taji  she  has  such  a  dress.    Then 

idmolher  tells  her  she  inusl  g  :l  one  that  shines  like  the  stars.    She  has  thU 

Then  ihe  roust  have  one  that  shines  like  ihe  lun,  and  her  (alhei  must 

uLe  her  a  dress  of  wood,  with  as  manj  pockcets  in  it  as  it  u  possible  to  haie. 

e  thej  set  out,  godmother  bids  her  never  say  "Jdius,  Marie!''    After 

niking  for  some  time,   heroine  siys,   " Godroolher,   aren't   we  there  yet? 

i,  Mirie  1  what  a  long  way  !"— (2)  Sorceress  takes  and  throws  her  into 

ing's  garden,  where  there  is  an  orange-tree.     King's  son  orien  walks  in  the 

e  notices  for  several  days  that  some  of  the  orarges  are  missing ; 

)I  last  one  day  he  catches  sight  of  little  giiL     He  Tushes  to  tell  father  he  has 

gnd  the  ihicl  who  eats  the  orangM.     Heroine  is  frightened  on  seeing  king, 

bplorel  his  pardon,  saying  ihe  ote  orangta  becaose  she  was  hniigry,  and  that 

;odmathei  who  sent  her  there. — (3)  King  engages  her  to  feed  hii 

nrli,  geese,  and  ducks. — (4)  At  carnival  lime  king's  son  is  going  to  ball  and 

e  bcg>  him  to  lake  her.     He  refuses,  and  she  goes  back  crying     She 

lOon  dress  and  goes  to  ball  ;  dances  with  prince,  who  givesheraring.— 

)  Another  night,  when  he  has  started  to  ball,  the  dons  star  dress  and  follows 

He  dances  wiih  her  and  gives  her  another  ring.— (6)  The  same  thing 

'kippeDi  a  third  time.— (7)  When  he  gets  home  king's  son  fJUill.     Heroine 

asks  queen  (o  let  her  make  some  loup  that  »ill  cuie  him.     In  the  6ist  spoonful 

he  lakes  he  luids  the  three  rings  heliad  given  her. — {g)  After  a  lillle  while  he 

sher. 


Aw<h«ologkiil  RcTUit,\^o\.  iii  (March-July  1889),  pp.  14-27, 
I  By  Karl  Blind.) 

\  Nfte. — The  story  was  procured  for  the  editor  by  Mr.  George  Sinclair  from 

"■  TDMher-in-law,  who  had  it  from  her  grandfather,  and  he  in  turn  had  it  from 

is  graiuj mother.      His  molher-in-law  is  now  ( t8SSi  an  elderly  woman.     He 

t  aware  that  it  was  ever  committed  to  wilting  in  Ihe  family  before.     Her 

e  place  a  a  small  town  not  lai  riooi  Glasgow. 

A  Frk.sm  Scoi-risH  i\sMpnEi.  Tall. 

I  1 1)  Gentleman  and  lady  have  one  little  girl,  very  pretty  and  very  good. 

n  ibe  is  6Te  yean  old,  mother  dies.     Father  is  broken-hearted  and  little 

>t  nndentind  why  mother  dues  not  came  to  her.     Alter  a  time  father 

[lies  widow  with  two  daughters  older  than  little  girl.    They  are  both  very 

n  and  jealous  of  step-siiiler't  beauty,  and  would  banish  her  to  kitchen,  but 


liS  CiJJDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

slcp'mother  fean  huabuid's  dis>pproval.~'(i)  Sh«  devises  a  plan  lo  can 
time  step  daughter's  death.  Sheep  have  found  hale  leading  to  garden,  and 
ttep-mother  letU  heroine,  who  loves  the  iidds  and  the  ihcep,  to  stay  and 
watch  hole  and  nal  let  sheep  through.  At  dinnertime  she  sends  hct  ■ 
tbinibleful  of  broth,  a  grain  of  barley,  a  threid  of  meat,  and  a  crumb  of  bread. 
— (3)  Little  girl  is  hungry  bnt  dares  not  go  home  till  night.  She  cries,  and  a 
little  blacic  lamb  comes  to  ask  why.  L^mb  bids  hei  not  cry  but  put  her  finger 
into  its  ear.'  There  she  finds  a  big  piece  of  bread.  She  ii  to  feel  in  other  ear, 
where  she  finds  a  big  piece  of  cheese.  She  has  a  good  dinner  and  is  happy. 
In  the  evening  step-mother  is  surprised  not  to  find  her  tired  and  hungry. — (4) 
Next  day  she  sends  her  again  but  gives  her  no  dinner.  Little  lamb  supplies 
bread  and  cheese. — (5)  Third  day  step  mother  sends  man  10  watch,  and  he 
reports  about  btmb.  Then  she  tells  husband  she  wants  a  sheep  killed.  He 
■ays  she  may  have  anyone;  and  the  little  black  lamb  is  killed. — (6)  Next  day 
whilst  little  girl  sits  crying  in  the  field,  funny  link  old  woman  comes  to  her , 
and  when  told  about  lamb,  bids  her  not  weep  but  gather  all  the  bones  and 
bring  them  to  her.  Little  girl  does  so,  but  one  shank  bone  is  missing  — (7) 
When  Sunday  comes,  tittle  girl  is  left  to  cook  dinner  whilst  others  go  to 
church.  Step-mother  leaves  her  a  thimbleful  of  water,  a  grain  of  barley  and 
a  crumb  of  bread,  and  bids  her  make  a  big  pot  of  soap.  Little  girl  sits  crying, 
wishing  she  had  little  lamb  to  help  her.  In  comes  the  little  lamb,  limping 
because  one  shank  bone  is  a- wanting,  and  tetls  her  not  lo  cry  but  to  dress  and 
go  to  church,  whilst  it  cooks  dinner,  but  be  sure  and  leave  befote  the  end.— 
(8)  She  dresses,  putting  on  pretty  pair  of  ghiss  slippers  which  she  has.  She 
sits  near  church  door,  and  young  prince,  struck  by  her  beauty,  would  follow 
her  home.  But  she  leaves  fir^t  and  he. misses  her.  Then  she  puts  on  her  old 
clothes  and  step-mother  and  ttep-siaten  return  and  are  astonished  to  And 
dinner  ready. — (9)  Next  Sunday  she  is  again  left  at  home  and  little  lamb  sends 
her  to  church.  This  time  prince  follows  her  and  picks  up  shoe  which  she 
drops  in  her  haste  to  get  away, — (to)  But  he  does  not  catch  her,  and  lo  makes 
proclamation  neiit  day  that  he  will  marry  whomsoever  the  slipper  fits.  At 
length  he  comes  to  little  girl's  home,  and  one  step  sister  says  she  can  wear 
shoe.  She  chops  otT  her  toes  and  a  piei^  of  her  heel  and  gets  slipper  on. — 
( 1 1)  Prince  puts  her  on  hone  behind  him  to  lake  her  to  castle.  On  the  way 
ibey  pass  a  tree  where  a  raven  sits  and  sayi, 

"  Haggit-heels  and  hewed  toes 
Behind  the  young  prince  rides  ; 
But  pretty  foot  and  bonnie  foot 
Behind  the  caldron  bides." 

Piince  asks  what  bird  said  ;  itep-daughter  replies,  "  Only  nonsense."  On  the 
next  tree  another  raven  says  same  thing.  Then  prince  dismounts,  and  seeiog 
her  bleeding  foot,  takes  her  back  and  insists  on  looking  behind  caldron. — [11) 
There  he  finds  little  girl,  who  aski  lo  go  and  dress  and  gel  other  ilippei. 


4 


I 


ARCHAEOLOGICAL   REVIEW. — ARCHIV.  I29 

Prince  recognises  her  and  rides  off  with  her.     When  passing  first  tree  they 
hear  bird  say  : 

'*  Pretty  foot  and  bonnie  foot 

Behind  the  young  prince  rides ; 

But  haggit-heels  and  hewed  toes 

At  home  with  mama  bides.*' 

They  reach  castle  and  live  happily. 


Archiv    fiir  slavische    Phiioiogie,    herausgeben    von    V.    Jagid,     131 
Berlin,    1877.     Vol.  ii,  pp.  622-23.     (20  Marchen  from  Vuk 
Karajich.     Wien,  1870.) 

(i)  Emperor  has  wife  with  gold  star  on  brow ;  daughter  with  the  same. 
He  promises  wife  on  her  death-bed  never  to  marry  any  but  a  woman  with  gold 
star  on  brow. — (2)  None  such  is  to  be  found,  and  at  last  Emperor,  with  the 
assent  of  his  minister,  determines  to  marry  his   daughter. — (3)  She  takes 
counsel  of  her  grandmother,  and  demands  from  her  father,  first  a  silk  dress, 
then  a  silver,  and  lastly  a  gold  dress,  each  so  fine  that  it  will  go  in  a  nutshell. 
Having  received  these,  heroine  demands  and  obtains  a  dress  of  mouse-skins. — 
(4)  On  the  eve  of  the  wedding,  she  wishes  to  bathe  in  a  tub,  and  wants  two 
ducks.     She  locks  herself  in  bath-room,  and,  leaving  the  two  ducks  to  splash 
about  in  the  water,  she  escapes  out  of  window  to  the  mountains,  wearing  the 
mouse-skin  dress.     Servants  listen,  and  hearing  splashing,  think  the  princess  is 
still  bathing.     When  her  flight  is  discovered,  she  cannot  be  overtaken. — (5) 
Heroine  is  found  in  a  hollow  tree  by  a  neighbouring  prince,  who  is  out 
hunting  in  the  mountains.    He  takes  her  by  force  to  the  Court,  where,  clad  in 
mouse-skin  dress,  she  tends  the  geese  as  Aschenbrodel. — (6)  Prince  gives  a 
large  feast,  to  which  many  guests  are  bidden.     Heroine  is  present  in  her  silk 
•dress,  with  the  gold  star  on  her  brow.     Her  beauty  draws  all  eyes  towards  her. 
Prince  wants  to  know  who  she  is  and  whence  she  comes.     She  says  she  comes 
from  Cizma-Grad  (Boot-Town),  which,  of  course,  cannot  be  found. — (7)  At 
the  second  fiie  she  appears  in  the  silver  dress,  and  says  she  comes  from  Legen- 
Crad  (Legen-Town).^    Neither  can  this  place  be  found. — (8)  Thiid  time  she 
appears  in  gold  dress,  and  says  she  comes  f  om  Sablya-Grad  (Sabre-Town). 
Prince  slips  ring  on  her  finger,  unnoticed,  whilst  dancing  with  her. — (9)  He  falls 
ill  with  love  and  longings  and  craves  to  eat  crumbled  bread  soaked  in  milk. 
Heroine  persuades  cook  to  allow  her  to  break  the  bread,  and  she  lets  her  ring 
fall  into  the  bowl. — (10)  Hereby  she  is  discovered,  and  the  marriage  follows. 

^  The  word  Ledjan  occurs  very  frequently  in  Servian  and  Bulgarian  popular 
traditions.  ...  I  might  express  the  conjecture  that  the  word  hgen  enfolds 
the  Magyar  leginy^  which  signifies  **  young  fellow,  comrade,  soldier*'.  The 
Southern  Slavs  came  often  enough  into  contact  with  the  Magyar  Ltgeny  . 


CINDERF.LI-^ 


I  132   Ibid.,  pp.  623-24. 


Variants  of  the  above.      (From    Mikulii-i^,! 
pp.  23-28.) 

"  P0PE1.JL'H,\   7,AVALJL'fI,\." 


10  Dying  wife  eive*  king 


nust  marrj  none  whom  it 
. — (3)  He  must  procure  ber  ID  to m  a  sun, 
sun  couns(:li  heroine  to  delade  father  by  mcuu  or 
another  kingdrim  dad  u  a  beggar,  and  it  engaged 
.— 16)  Prince  gi»ei  baits,  »l  which  she  appears  id 
in  luve  with  her,  and  uks  whence  she  comes.  She 
Gra.r    (Coal-shovil    Town).    "  Prfi'skev-Crad" 


{1)  It  hM  his  daughti 
Uld  a  liar  dres;.— (4)  The 
docks.— (S)  She  escapes  la 
as  cinder-gill  at  the  palace 
the  three  dresses.  He  tall. 
gire*  answers,  "  Lofalov 
(Poker-Town),  " K<jti:tv-Crad"  (Toi>g8-Town).  At  the  third  meeting  she 
receives  a  ring  from  piince,  who  rallsiU because hecannoilindher — t?)  ^Vhen 
his  life  ii  in  danger,  she  breaks  the  ting  in  hair,  and  lets  one  piece  ilip  into  the 
bowl  conUiiuDgiiiTalid'*  broth. — [8)  Recogmlion  and  marriage  fillow. 


From  Valjavec.  No.  XH,  pp.  44-47. 
(1)  Panghter  gets  ad»ice  at  mother's  grave.— (2)  First  dress  has  sun,  moon, 
stars,  and  all  the  heavens  upon  it.  Devil  htl|S  father  to  obtain  it,  and  he 
draws  it  out  of  a  nut.shtU.  Second  dress  is  l.ke  Ihese*.  with  Gihes  swimming 
inil.  Kirg  produces  it  out  of  a  haztl-nui  thill. — (3)  Third  request  is  for  a 
hollow  man,  made  of  wood,  and  so  contrived  that  none  shtll  End  entrance 
into  it.  On  the  eve  of  wedding,  heroine  likes  migic  dtesseF,  and  escapes  in 
wooden  figure  to  the  forest,  where  the  falH  in  with  ci'/oi,  stid  remains  three 
years  with  them,— (4)  Then,  liking  leave  of  ihem,  she  wanders  farther  through 
the  forest,  where  she  is  met  by  three  princes.— (S)  Substquenlly  she  lii 
the  court  of  the  eldest  prince  as  cinder-giil.— ;6)  The  story  proceeds  i 
usual  maimer.     Recognition  comes  about  by  means  of  ring. 


I 


134  Archwio  pef  lo  Studio  dellt  Tradizioni  popolari.     Palermo,  i88a. 

Vol.  i,  pp.  190-95.    (A  Tuscan  slory,  related  by  Maria  di  MonMJ 

Mignaio  nel  Casentitio ) 

"I-.\  CiABATTiNA  d'Oro"  (The  Little  Gold  Shoe). 

1 1)  King  promises  dying  wife  that  te  will  never  many  again  unleishe  finds 
a  woman  who  oin  wear  her  gild  >hoe.  Some  time  afterwards  whin  king  has 
been  unable  to  find  anyone  who  can  wear  shoe,  his  daughter  puts  it  on  heed- 
lessly, and  lather  says  he  must  marry  her. — (z)  Heroine  goes  foe  adtice  la  old 
woman,  who  bids  her  first  demand  from  fsther  a  dress  made  of  all  the  flowera 
in  the  world.  This  is  procured.  She  is  then  to  ask  for  a  dress  like  the 
waves  of  the  sea,  and  next,  for  one  with  all  the  stars  of  heaven  upon  il. 
Whin  ihese  also  have  been  sopplied,  oU  woman  bids  her  demand ■  chesi. 


I 


I 


I 


ARCHIVIO, 

*Uch  will  tnni  tike  the  wind  and  nol  be  seen.  Slie  it  to  nuke  heraeir  a 
drcs)  of  pig-skin,  and  when  Tither  is  aiteep  she  ii  ta  get  into  clietl.  wilb  all 
her  dreucs,  and  escape. — (j)  Heroine  HadB  herself  in  i  foret,  where  she 
remaini  in  hiding.  King's  lervanti  come  hj  hunting,  and  seeing  strange 
beast,  ihey  lake  it  to  king  before  killing  it.  King  questions  heroine,  who 
feigns  stapiditf,  and  will  not  ansmr.  He  takes  her  to  his  mnlher  to  mind 
the  poultry.  She  is  made  fiin  of,  and  theyljk-  her  to  the  hen-roost.  Prince 
viMli  her  often  to  be  amused.— <4l  One  night  he  is  going  to  a  bat:,  and  tella 
hcroiae  to  saddle  his  horse.  She  replies  that  she  cannot ;  the  Onl;  mindi 
fowls.  He  is  angry,  and  would  strike  her  with  the  bridle.  So  she  rans  off  to 
laddie  the  horse.  When  he  has  gone  she  goes  to  her  chest,  dons  the  fljwer- 
dless,  and  goes  to  the  ball.  Piince  dances  with  her,  and  she  says  she  comes 
from  Bridle- Ben  I.  He  offers  to  accompany  her  home,  but  she  declines,  anil 
is  invited  to  come  to  the  ball  n(«t  nigh', — (;|  Next  morning  prince  goes  to 
hen-hoDse,  and  tells  heroine  about  the  ball.  Everything  happens  as  before. 
Prince  threatens  lo  hit  her  on  ihe  head  with  his  boots.  She  wears  second 
ma^ic  drew  to  ball,  and  lells  prince  she  comes  from  Bool- Heal.— (6)  Next 
day  he  Ihiealens  her  wi  h  the  shovel,  and  at  third  ball  she  says  she  comet  from 
Shovel-Hit.  Prince  gives  her  a  ring,  and  ihey  parL— (7)  Next  d^y  he  ajka 
mother  to  make  him  some  Eweet  cakes,  for  he  intends  to  go  forlb  in  search  of 
lovely  stranger.  Heroine  enters  whilst  queen  is  making  cakes,  and  asks  for  a 
tittle  Qoar.  Queen  tries  (o  sind  her  away,  but  she  pleids  for  the  Hour,  saying 
it  is  lor  a  sick  hen.  Heroine  pats  ring  in  the  dough,  which  she  lays  beside 
qnecn's  cakes.  Prince  sets  out  with  the  ci.kes  in  a  hanukercbicf.  Presently 
he  tastes  one,  and  cbarces  upon  llie  ring.^ — (S)  lie  returns  ia  haste,  and 
questions  mother,  and  insists  that  heroine  shall  mike  him  some  cakes.  He 
watches  at  kry-hole,  and  sets  her  dressid  as  at  ball— (9)  He  marries  her. 


Variants  of  the  above.     M'l'd.,  pp.  196-100. 

I. — From  Pratoveccliio. 

"  Maria  di  Legno"  (Maria  VVood). 

(1)  King  ii  to  marry  whomsoever   deceixfcd  wile's   jiwels  best  become. 

Danghler  puts  them  on,  and  father  sciks  to  marry  h<r.— (2)  She  lakes  counsel 

of  gOTemess,  who  bids  her  ayk  lor  thr>e  magic  dicsse*,  and  then  for  a  white 

horse,  with  no  single  speck  of  black  about  him.     bhe  kills  the  hone,  and 

nikcs  bcFKlf  a  dress  of  its  tkin,  and   in  this  dL'guise  escapci,  taking  the 

magic  dresae^.— (J)  A  bnnting-pHnce  finds  her  in  the  fores',  and  is  about  to 

kill  her,  when  she  says : 

"  I  am  called  Maria  Wood, 
A  cunning  piece  of  womanhood  ; 
1  am  a  wondrous  woik  of  art. 
And  I  come  from— such  a  part, 
Jiut  to  crave  ]our  charity. 
Kind  sir,  I  pray  you  ibow  it  me." 


tJZ  ClNDERELIjl    VARIANTS, 

Prince  likes  her  home,  uid,  after  a  (ei*  days,  lett  her  go  free  Kboat  11 
He  gets  to  [ike  the  animal,  Bod  calla  it  "  ugty  beaBl''. — (4)  lie  is  going  to 
some  fcasic,  Bnd  three  limn  refuses  lo  lake  "ugly  bcut"  «ilh  bim,  sliikmg 
hei  wiib  the  shovel,  tbe  loig^i  and  with  the  uddte.  Heroine  goes  to  the 
featts,  and  gives  the  names  of  objects  vilb  which  prince  bas  struck  her. — 
(5)  lie  looks  through  key-hole,  and  walches  heroine  don  magic  dreis  beneath 
her  hide.~(6)  He  then  falb  ill,  and  craves  food  mode  by  her,  in  which  she 
pats  ring  given  her  at  reast.^-(7)  Finally  be  discovers  her  in  her  room,  leams 
her  story,  and  manies  bcr. 


II.  From  Garfngnana-Esiense. 

"  La  Marcofa  01  Legno." 

(1}  Girl  puts  on  dead  mother's  ring,  and  Faiber  wants  lo  mairy  her.— (2)  She    | 
asks  for  three  dresses.    Then  for  a   wooden   figure,   and  escapes  in   i 
(3)  Hunting- prince   Rnds  figure,   and  his  dogs  bnik   at  i(.      Heroine  tells    | 
prince  she  is  called  [he  Wooden   Ladj.     He  takes  her  to  palace,  where  she    ' 
lives  in  the  kitchen. — (4)  She  is  beaten  three  times  by  prince  with  shovel, 
tongs,  and  bellows,  and  she  names  these  objecis  at  the  three  balls  at  which    j 
she  appears  in  migic  dresses.     Prince  gives  ber,  at  the  second  and  third  balls, 
1  ring  and  a  pin.— (5)  She  srterwords  puts  these  in  food  Tor  love-sick  prince, 
and  is  thus  discovered,  and  married. 


Ill,  From  Florence. 

"  Pelucciotto." 

( I )  A  lovely  girl,  daughter  of  a  lord,  is  poor,  and  sets  out  to  seek  her  for-  ' 
inne.  She  meets  a  laiiy,  who  makes  her  dress  tike  a  man,  gives  her  1 
cloak  tocover  her  face  and  the  rest  of  her  body,  and  a  magic  wand. ^s)  The 
King  of  Porlugal  engages  her  as  Stable-boy,  and  cal?5  her  •'  Ugly  Shin" 
(Pdlicciolto).— 13)  King  goes  to  three  balls,  and  Ugly  Skin,  who  each  time 
■addles  Itis  horse,  forgets  (t)  slirmps,  (3)  whip,  (3)  bridle.  King  beats  hct 
with  these  objects.— (4)  Ileraine  goes  lo  balls,  and  gives  names  of  objects  as 
her  home.  Servants  follow  her  by  king's  orders,  and  are  detained  (l)by 
iim/elti,  (a)  by  copper«,  (3)  by  great  smoke.— (5)  King  foils  ill,  and  wants 
little  calces  made  by  mother.  These  get  burnt,  and  mother  substitute*  those 
made  by  heroine,  who  had  begged  for  a  little  dough.— (6)  King  finds  ring 
inside  cake  ;  sends  for  Ugly  Skin,  and,  whilst  speaking,  teats  her  cloak  al 
neck,  and  discovers  who  she  la, 


ARCHIVIO.  133 

IV.  From  Florence.  138 

"  Zucchettina"  (Little  Gourd). 

(i)  Woman  gives  birth  to  a  gourd,  according  to  augury,  but  does  not  know 
that  there  is  a  lovely  girl  inside,  and  exposes  it  in  the  forest. — (2)  King's  son 
finds  a  talking  gourd,  and  takes  it  home. — (3)  King  gives  three  balls ;  heroine 
appears  at  each  in  a  different  dress.  Prince  falls  in  love  with  her,  and  gives 
her  (i)  ring,  (2)  bracelet,  (3)  pin.  When  prince  was  refusing  to  take 
Zucchettina  to  balls  he  gave  her  (i)  a  whipping,  (2)  kick,  (3)  box  on  the  ear. 
Zucchettina  changes  her  country  every  night,  and  names  Whip,  Kick,  Slap. 
— (4)  Love-sick  prince  will  not  eat ;  Zucchettina  prepares  his  breakfast,  and 
puts  in  objects  given  at  balls. —(5)  Prince  discovers  who  she  is,  and  marries 
her. 


V.  From  Florence.  130 

"La  Donnina  di  Legno"  (The  Little  Wooden  Lady). 

(i)  Girl  asks  her  father  for  a  wooden  case,  three  dresses,  and  the  bird  Ver- 
derrio.    She  sings : 

"  I  am  a  lady  made  of  wood, 
A  cunning  piece  of  womanhood. 
If  you  would  show  your  charity, 
Then  give  to  me." 

(2)  She  is  taken  to  the  king's  palace,  and  put  in  hen-house.     Hens  sing : 

**  Ko-ko  ko,  ke-ke-ke, 
What  a  lovely  little  keeper  have  we  I" 

(3)  King  falls  in  love  with  beautiful  stranger  at  ball,  and  sends  servants  to 
follow  her  home.     She  throws  sand  and  quattriniy  and  half  blinds  them. — 

(4)  At  length  the  king  falls  ill,  and  finds  in  his  food  the  present  given  to 
beautiful  stranger  at  ball. 


VI.  From  Florence.  140 

"MoNA  Caterina." 

(i)  Heroine  sets  out  to  seek  her  fortune.  She  meets  an  old  woman  who  is 
a  fairy,  and  who  gives  her  an  old  woman's  dress  for  disguise,  a  magic  wand,  a 
walnut,  an  almond,  and  a  filbert — (2)  Heroine,  disguised,  goes  and  sits  on  a 
stone  by  the  king's  palace.  She  cracks  the  walnut,  and  there  come  out  two 
tiny,  tiny  little  men  who  walk  about.  Queen  wants  to  buy  them ;  heroine 
will  not  sell  them,  but  asks  to  take  service  at  palace.  Next  day  she  cracks  the 
aUnond,  and  there  come  forth  two  tiny  little  horses.  Queen  wants  them,  but 
has  not  courage  to  take  the  old  woman  into  the  palace.    Third  day  two  little 


134  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS 

bones  in  a  coach  come  out  of  the  lilberL     In  order  to  ohtuD  these,  queen  C( 
scDts  to  lake  old  woman  as  goose  gtrl. — {})  lleroiae  has  room  to  heTEClf. 
Sbe  tends  the  geese  and  lakes  them  lo  iwim.     Meanwhile  she  bathes,  and 
geese  ling  : 

"  We  have  come  from  over  the  mere. 

Our  beautiful  keeper  brought  us  here. 

With  her  beautiful  wand,  how  lovely  is  she  I  | 

Would  Dot  our  master  enamoured  be  Y' 

King,  being  told  of  this,  goes  to  watch  unieen,  and  falls  in  love  with  heroine, 
—  (4)  At  last  he  falb  ill,  and  confesses  objtcl  of  his  love  ;  but  heroine  denies 
that  she  is  other  than  an  old  woman.  He  insists  on  having  food  prepared  by 
her.—  (J)  He  wants  her  to  feed  him,  and  she,  pretending  sbe  cannot  do  so 
properly,  soils  bis  face  all  over.  King  declares  bii  love,  and  at  last  agrees 
that  no  one  shall  be  told  that  she  is  not  ugly  and  old. — (6)  All  are  amazed  at 
the  king's  choice  till  the  wedding-diy,  when  they  see  his  beautiful  bride. 


VII.  From  Pratovecchio 


(i)  La  Giorgia  is  »  young  lady  who  sets  out  to  see  the  world.  She  reachet 
a  certain  city  where  the  king's  goose-herd  has  just  died. — (z)  She  makes  a 
grave-digger  sell  her  the  skin  of  a  corpse,  and  disguised  in  Ibis  she  goes  lo  the 
court  and  obtains  ihe  post  of  goose-girl.— (3)  Geese,  seeing  the  new  herd, 


Wbat  a  very  lovely  herd  have  we  t 

Sbe  is  as  lovely  as  the  sun, 

Wuuld  not  our  master's  heart  be  won  !" 

King's  son  becomes  suspicious,  and  goes  behind  a  hedge  lo  spy.  — (4}  Then 
he  feigns  ittness,  and  wants  sweelmeals  made  for  him  by  the  goose  herd,  who 
puis  in  them  a  ring  engraved  wiih  royal  arms,  and  other  trinkets.~(5)  Finally 
the  prince  marries  her,  and  on  the  wedding-day  she  appears  in  her  own 
undisguised  loveliness. 


ElUTOn's  NoTK, — The'nanalor  made  m 
Ihe  conclusion  of  the  story  would  lead  one 


nention  of  the  three  restivali,  but 
0  suspect  that  she  had  forgotten 


'35 


tb 

I 


KfA-M'w,  vol.  ii.      Palermo,  1883.      Pp.  11-25.      Noitllt  Fopdari    142 
Sarde,  by  V.  E.  Ounrnerio.   Story  No.  I.    (In  dialect;  narrated 
by  Caterina  Colombano,  widow  of  Luciano  of  Calangianus,  and 
written  down  by  Marlino  Colombano,  also  of  Calangianus.) 

"  Marl*  Intaulat.a"  (Maria  Wood). 
(i)  Queen,  on  her  deaib-bed.  exacts  promiae  [h>(  king  will  only  marry 
(oneone  who  can  wear  her  finj.~(j)  Afler  her  deilh  the  Itin^,  having  tried 
the  ring  in  vija  ihrnaghout  ili:  lown,  fiia  it  on  his  own  daughtei,  and  resolve* 
nuiiy  her.— (j)  She  takei  counsel  with  gi>veme»5,  and  aski  father  in  turn 
for  ihtee  mieic  dresses  (1  m>an-dres5,  a  stftr-drcss,  and  >  dre«  o(  chimes), 
supplied.  Tti:a  ihe  ia  to  gel  a  wooden  dress  made  and  escape  in 
'11 — (4)  la  this  way  shs  comes  at  last  to  a  king's  palace,  and  is  allowed 
poultry,  ho  use.  At  night  she  doBi  wooden  dress,  and  in  dress 
of  ehimci  climbs  tiee  in  front  of  palace.  All  are  piualed  what  the  mosic  can 
be  :  Ihe  same  thing  happens  next  night.  In  the  miming  she  is  fetched  from 
poultrj.bouse  to  bll  the  place  of  wailing-maid.  She  appears  in  wooden 
flreii,  tells  queen  she  wears  it  as  penance,  and  calls  hertelf  Maria  Intaulala. 
— (S)  When  the  prince  is  starting  to  tbe  feasti,  she  forgets  to  ^ve  him  (1) 
whip,  (a)  bridle,  (j)  spun.  He  strikes  her  with  ibese  objects,  and  she  names 
them  when  presently  a=ked  whence  she  comei.— (6)  She  begs  leave  lo  go  to 
each  of  the  three  feasts.  Queen  at  first  refoses,  bat  at  lens'h  gruiij  it  on 
condition  that  heroine  keeps  out  of  hei  son's  sight.  She  appears  at  first  ball 
in  star  dress,  at  the  second  in  moon-dres;,  lastly,  in  dress  of  chimes.  Prince 
dance*  with  her,  and  each  lime  gives  her  a  diamond  [ring].  S be  escapes 
■lone,  and  queen  aski  on  her  return  if  her  son  has  seen  her.  She  says  no. 
Heroine  presently  asks  master  if  he  has  enjoyed  himself,  and  he  breaks  off  in 
the  midst  of  remarking  there  wa;  a  girl  pieient  like  herself.  This  bappetu 
three  time*,— (7)  Then  prince  falls  ill  when  he  foils  to  discover  who  lovely 
nianger  is.  Doctors  say  ihey  cannot  cure  him,  because  be  is  sick  of  love. 
Herune  isVs  leave  to  carry  his  food  lo  him.  Queen  jays  it  is  useless,  for  he 
wiD  not  eat.  Heroine  thrice  carries  broth  to  prince,  each  lime  putting  in  one 
inds  he  had  given  her, — (S)  I'rince,  convinced  that  his  lady-love 
than  Maria  Iniaulata,  springs  out  of  bed,  splits  open  the  wooden 
BJiseuM  with  his  dagger,  and  recognises  the  beau'y  of  the  balls.     He  lakes 


o  his  parenti  and  n 


sher. 


p(V.,  J.,  17.     (  rolcl  liy  Speranza  Satta  of  Sassari,  Sardinia,  who    143 
I  cannot  read  or  write,  and  transcribed  by  Prof.  Guarnerio,  with 
I  the  help  of  .\nEonio  Cottoni,  also  of  Sassari.) 

"  Maria  Instauradda"  (Maria  Wainscolted.) 

(I)  A  king  IS  left  a  widower.     His  dying  wife  gave  bim  a  diamond  [ring], 

lad  bade  him  marry  whonuoevcr  it  would  fit.— (2)  Hit  only  daaghler  trie*  It 


136  CmDEREI,I.A    VARIANTS. 

OD  ;  it  fits  het  well,  and  father  »ys  he  must  marry  her.— (j)  Heroini 
despair  goes  weeping  to  her  room,  and  crying  "  Mjr  Tale,  mffale!"  Het 
fite  lor  forluDe)  appears  to  her.  and  bids  her  demand  from  Tather  a  lobe 
of  tjolden  l>ells.  A  genllemnn  (eiplaincd  hy  slory-lellet  as  ihe  DevJI)  comci 
to  perplexed  father  and  asks  what  troubles  him,  and  undertokei  I0  supply  the 
robe  of  bells,  and  tajs  king  may  command  htm  should  he  want  more. -^4) 
Heroine  weeps  when  father  gives  her  the  tobc,  and,  counselled  by  her  fate, 
asks  him  for  one  in  which  are  the  sun  and  Ibe  moon.  This  is  provided  in 
the  same  manner,  and  heroine  next  asks  for  a  robe  with  as  many  fish  as  are 
in  the  lea.— (5)  On  leceiving  'his  she  weeps  anew,  and  calls  on  her  fate,  who 
no*  bids  her  go  to  the  wood-cuUer  and  let  bim  make  her  a  dress  of  nothing 
but  wood,  with  hinges. — 16)  Wood-culler  makes  the  dress,  and  her  fate  lakes 
heroine  to  another  king's  house,  where  she  is  engaged  as  servant-girl  in  the 
stable  to  look^afler  the  hones.  Heroine  says  her  name  is  "MiriaWain- 
scotled".  Every  day  she  gets  the  horses  ready  for  the  king's  son.  Every 
time  she  goes  out  the  king's  son  passes.  "Is  it  my  turn,  your  Majesty?" 
■'  ru  strike  you  a  blow  with  the  spun."— (;j  He  goes  to  a/On,  and  heroine's 
late  dresses  hei  quickly  in  the  robe  of  golden  bells,  and  takes  her  straight  to 
where  he  is.  Whilst  dancing  with  her  he  asks  whence  she  comes.  "From 
the  City  of  the  Spurs."  "  My  father  is  king,  and  I  have  never  heard  mention 
of  that  city."  The  fate  takes  her  home  before  the  king's  son.  Wten  he 
returns,  heroine  sajs,  "  You  wouldn't  take  me,  then  ?"  "  It  is  someone  else 
than  you  whom  I  have  seen  dancing." — (S)  When  he  is  going  10  another 
festival  she  says,  "  Is  it  my  turn  ?"  And  he  :  "I  will  strike  you  a  blow  with 
Ihe  saddle."  The  (ale  takes  her,  differently  clad,  to  where  he  is.  He  is  pleased, 
and  asks  whence  she  comes.  "  From  the  City  of  the  Saddle.''  "  My  father 
is  king,"  etc.  All  at  once  the  fate  takes  her  back  before  the  king's  ton 
returns.  "  You  wouldn't  lake  me,  then  ?"  He  rejoins  as  before.— (9l  He  is 
starting  to  another  festival,  and  she  says,  "Isn't  it  my  turn?"  "ril  strike 
you  with  the  whip."  Herbte  dressei  her  in  the  robe  with  the  fishes,  and 
whilst  dancing  she  comes  to  the  king's  son,  and,  to  hb  inquiry,  answers,  "  I 
come  from  the  City  of  the  Whip."  "  My  father  is  king,"  etc.  A^  they  dance 
be  gives  het  a  diamond  [ting].  Suddenly  the  fate  takes  her  home  before  be 
comes.  "  You  wouldn't  take  me,  then?''  she  stiys.  "I  have  seen  someone 
else  than  you." — (10)  Meantime  he  falls  sick,  and  that  poot  thing  is  always 
down  in  the  slable.  He  will  eat  nothing,  and  she  hears  of  it,  and  begs  o( 
the  queen  :  "  Lei  me  cook  the  food  and  he  will  eat  il."  She  cooks  the  food, 
and  puts  the  diamond  into  it  ;  and  he  has  scarce  token  two  moutbfuls  when 
he  Imds  it.  "Who  has  cooked  this  food  ^'  His  mother  is  frightened. 
"  Mamma's  darling,  I  hare  cooked  it  for  you."  This  he  will  not  believe,  and 
at  length  be  learns  that  Matia  Wainscotted  has  cooked  it.  "  Let  her  come 
up."  The  fate  takes  bel,  and  puis  on  the  best  dress  she  has.  He  recognises 
her,  and  Ibcy  ate  married. 


I 


» 


rV„  p.    3r.      (Communicated  to  Prof.   Guamerio  by  Signer 
Giovanni  Piperc  of  Nuoro,  Sardinia.) 

"  Sa  Bitella  oe  SOS  CoRROs  d'  Org"  (The  Calf  w  itb  the 
Golden  HomsJ. 
(l)  Widower,  with  daughter  nomed  Barbarella,  mairies  widow  named 
T>tiin4,  who  bos  diugliler  named  Juliana.  Step-mother  iU  treats  heroiQc 
because  ibe  is  faiiet  and  more  EkiUu!  than  her  own  daughter,  and  at  last  ^ves 
her  nothing  ID  cat. — (2}  Hrroine  goes  to  Ictch  water  from  fountain.  Stntul 
ing  one  day  under  shade  of  cherry-tree,  she  sees  a  fairy  in  a  robe  of  silk  an"! 
ihoei  of  silver,  who  aiis  hei  (or  a  little  water.  Heroine  willingly  offers  her 
the  pitcher,  and  fairy  having  diunk  blesses  her,  saying  may  she  be  so  (air  thai 
a  king's  son  shall  (all  in  love  with  her  ;  then  gives  her  a  calf  with  golden  horns 
which  she  must  take  care  of  all  iti>  life  and  always  obey. — (3)  Step-mother. 
ennoos  of  heroine's  (orttuic,  asks  how  she  came  by  calf,  and  sends  own 
daogbter  to  draw  water.  Juliana  refuses  fairy's  reijuest  for  a  drink  ;  (airy 
curses  her  so  that  she  becomes  obnoxious  lo  all.  She  shrivels  up  and  looks 
like  an  old  woman.  Many  years  pass  ;  heroine  pastures  her  calf  every  day. 
She  is  now  nineteen  years  old,  uid  so  beauliful  that  step-mother  hates  her. 
(4)  One  day  when  (ather  is  awajr  at  his  hut  with  the  goals,  siep-moiher  re- 
solves to  kill  ciir.  Hetoine  weeps  therest ;  calf  speaks,  bids  bet  collect  all 
iu  bones,  wrap  them  in  a  napkin,  and  put  them  in  a  certain  grollo;  then  00 
holy  days  when  step-mother  goes  with  own  daughter  to  mait,  leaving  heroine 
to  cook  the  flour,  she  is  to  run  10  grotto  where  she  will  find  silk  dresses  and 
silver  shoes,  don  these  and  hie  lo  mass.  But  she  must  leave  before  the  rest, 
as  soon  as  ptiesl  has  given  the  benediction,  hurry  to  grotto  and  change 
clothes  ;  then  get  home  so  that  slep-molher  may  find  (iuur  done.  Calf  is 
slain  and  eaten  ;  heroine  collects  bones  and  does  as  bidden. — (5]  Every  Sunday 
afterwards  she  goes  to  mass  after  dressing  at  grotto.  King's  son  goes  alio, 
and  having  teen  heioine  several  timet,  (alls  in  tove  with  her,  but  cannot  dis- 
cover who  she  is  or  where  she  lives.  — (5)  One  Sunday  heroine  loses  her  shoe 
in  her  huny  at  the  chuich  door.  King's  son  linds  it,  and  proclaims  thai  he 
will  wed  whomsoever  it  hts.  Many  maidens  try  in  vain. — {7]  At  last 
heroine,  thy  and  full  of  doubt,  goes  lo  try.    Shoe  fits  her,  and  king,  rejoiced 


It  recognising 


her,  I 


;s  her.     Slep-sij 


IS  unsavoury  and  lihamed. 


I  Anhivio,  ii,  pp.  45-58.     "  La  Cenerentola  a  Parma  e  a  Camerino",    203 
by  Calerina  Pigorini-Bcri.     Pp.  49-54.     (Ftom  Parma;  given 
in  dialect,  with  Italian  translation.) 

"  La  Sendrarceuia.  " 
I      (t)  A   king   has   three   daughters.     Elder   dinghters  are  jealous   of  the 
I  )aBB(«*t,  because  she  is  more  beautiful,  tnd  king  loves  her  best.    They  (ear 


U8 


CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 


htm,  and  every  moining  go  to  wish  him  gi>od  day  and  a>k  if  he  hat  tlepl 
welL  King  has  thtee  ihrones,  ft  while,  a  red,  and  «  black.  When  feeling 
conlented  he  occupies  (he  while ;  when  only  lo-^o,  ihc  red ;  when  ctOM,  Ihe 
black.  One  day  he  is  so  angry  with  elder  daughters  ihil  he  sits  on  black 
throne.  Eldest  seeing  him  there,  ask,  if  he  is  argry  wiih  her.  He  says  yes, 
because  the  does  not  care  for  him.  Daugliter  replies  :  "  I  like  you  as  much 
as  1  like  eating  chicken."  Second  dargSler  ask,  same  'juestion,  and  says 
3he  1  kes  him  as  much  asa  piece  of  breid.  Youngest  daughter  says  to  sisters, 
"Leave  it  to  me  to  put  him  in  a  good  temper."  She  goes  and  asks  same 
question  as  others,  then  lells  king  she  loves  him  as  much  as  a  grain  of  salt. — 
(l)  Thenkirgisargry  in  earnest,  calls  his  servant,  and  bids  him  take  youngest 
daughter  to  the  fuiest,  kill  her,  and  bring  him  back  her  heart'  and  her 
clothes.  Away  they  go  to  the  furest,  but  servant  is  so  touched  by  her  dislreis 
that  instead  of  slaying  her  he  buys  a  sheep  from  a  passing  shepheid,  kilts  il, 
and  takes  out  its  heart.  Then  he  strips  heroine,  puis  an  ass's  skin  over  her, 
linds  a  hollow  willow-tree  in  which  she  may  like  shelter  fiom  the  cold,  and 
returns  to  give  heart  and  clothes  to  king,  who  is  already  penitent  and  very 
melancholy.  Elder  sisters  are  well  pleased,— (3)  At  midnight  some  witches 
passing  through  forest  hnd  heroine,  and  a^k  why  she  is  in  tree.  She  tells 
them  everything,  and  one  of  them  gives  her  a  wand  and  a  little  nut,  and  tells 
her  to  strike  ihe  nut  irith  the  wand  when  she  wants  anything,  and  she  will  have 
it.— {4)  The  king  hunts  duly  in  the  forest.  His  drg  has  discovered  heroine, 
and  every  day  take*  whatever  he  catches  to  her.  King  notices  that  dog 
always  goes  to  same  hollow  tree,  follows  one  day  behind  him,  and  finds 
heroine  in  the  ast-skin,  who.  not  to  betray  the  servant,  tells  him  she  has  lost 
her  way  in  the  forest,  and  is  without  boutc  or  home.  King  lakes  pity  on  her, 
aitd  ofTers  to  take  her  to  court  10  be  kitcheO'maid  (tenlrrH/e/aj  \a  the  place 
of  one  he  has  just  discharged.  She  is  kindly  treated  at  palace,  and  moil  of 
all  Ihe  king  wishes  her  well,  for  he  cannot  fo-get  his  daughter,  whom  she 
resembles. — (5)  li  is  Carnival  time,  and  sisters  are  going  to  the  ball.  Father, 
to  divert  bi^  thoughu,  accompanies  them.  Left  alone,  heroine  asei  nut  and 
wand  to  procure  dress  like  the  stars,  aud  a  cairiage  and  four  in  which  ihe 
goes  to  ball.  Everyone  wants  to  dance  with  her  and  to  see  her  home,  but 
at  midnight  she  insists  on  leavirg  alone.  Next  momifg  sisters  tell  her  of 
lovely  stranger  at  ball.  Heroine  murmurs  to  herself,  "  That  was  I."  They 
ask  what  she  said  :  "  Only  ihat  1  much  preferred  staying  by  the  hearth."— 
(6)  Second  night  she  g'>es  in  dress  like  the  sun.  Prince  falls  in  love  with  her, 
and  sets  guards  at  the  door  to  stop  her  leavirg  ;  but  she  throwi  so  many 
tsn/cai  that  they  are  blinded  and  do  not  sec  her  go.  Neil  morning  she 
mnkcs  same  answer  to  sisters. — (7)  Third  night  she  wears  dress  like  the  moon, 
and  dances  so  much  that  midnig'il  passes  before  she  knows  it ;  and  that  was 
the  hour  at  which  she  ought  lo  be  home  by  the  hearth  or  the  ehann  would 
work  no  more.  She  hastens  away  and  the  prince  follows.  She  throws  a 
quantity  of  flowers  and  escapes  as  before  ;  only  in  getting  into  the  carrij^e  she 
loses  one  gold  shoe  unawares,  and  this  is  taken  to  the  prince.     Undressing  in 


I,  ihe  for^ts  to  take  off  her  gold  s' 


) 


139 

:en  reinrn  and  tell  her 
;.— (S)  Next  day  prince 
t  is  tried  throughout  the 
Two  sislers  try  in  vain, 
0,   not  wishing  to  ihow 


happeced  ; 

procUinis  that  be  will  wed  whomsoever  shoe  6t<,  a 

whole  citf.      At  last  it  is  bionght  lo  kiag's  palai 

ftnd  say  for  fan,    "  Let  us  try  it  on  Qnderella," 

£i>ld  s'ocking^.  makes  excuHs, — (9)  King  for 

ply.  uid  Ihe  Irulh  i<  revealed.     He  is  overjoyed  tX  recovering  his  daughter, 

and  she  is  manied  to  the  prince  and  taken  in  triumph  through  the  city,     In 

conrse  of  lime  she  becomes  queen,  and  ihe  lislera  arc  very  furious. 


/''fW.,  pp.  54-58.     (From  Camerino.) 
"  La  Cekekentola." 


(0  A  rich  merchant  and  his  wife  have  two  daughters  :  one  they  love  much 
and  call  their  lovely  daughler,  the  other  they  love  but  lillle,  and  call  the  ugly 
Cinderella,  because  she  h  always  made  to  stay  by  the  fire.— (2)  When  he 
goes  from  home  the  merchant  asks  what  present  he  shall  bring  daughters. 
The  elder  always  chooses  fine  clothes,  such  as  never  were  seen  befoie  ; 
Cinderella  pretends  always  not  to  want  anything.  But  just  as  father  is  start- 
ing she  runs  after  him,  so  that  mother  and  sister  shall  not  know,  and  one  day 
asks  him  for  a  golden  apple-tree  ;  another  time  for  a  lillte  gold  pot,  and  on  a 
third  occasion  Tor  a  Imle  gold  spade.  She  plants  Ihe  gold  tree  where  mother 
and  sister  shall  not  see  it —(3]  It  is  carnival  lime,  and  there  is  a  ball  al  king's 
...  palace,  lo  which  mother  and  sister  are  invited.     Sister  taunts  heroine,  and 

^^_    lays  she  must  slay  by  the  hearth  while  ihcy  go   lo  l>all. 
^^K  of  bei  fine  dresses,  and  then  Cinderella  runs  to  apple 
^^^^  "  [4l1le  golden  ipple-tree, 

^^^^^^^^  With  my  vase  of  gold  have  1  watered  thee, 

^^^^^^^^         With  my  spade  of  gold  have  I  digged  thy  n: 
^^^^^^^^B         Give  me  your  lovely  ctolhei  I  pray, 
^^^^^^^^H         And  lake  my  ugly  rags  away." 

I^^^S^ne  gets  a  beautiful  dress  and  goes  to  the  ball.  Prince  falls  in  love  with 
her,  but  cannot  Icam  who  she  is  nor  whence  she  comes.  She  escapes  without 
anyone  seeing.  Sister  returns  and  tells  bet  of  lovely  stnmger.— (4)  All 
happens  the  same  a  second  lime.  Prince  sets  guards  al  the  door,  and  not 
knowing  how  to  escape,  heroine  pretends  she  has  lost  one  of  the  gold  rings 
with  which  her  dress  is  trimmed.  Whilst  everyone  is  searching  for  it  she 
slips  away.— (5)  Princesetsalrap  for  ber  at  third  ball,  and  when  she  is  escap. 
iog,  one  of  her  shoes  remains  behind. — (6)  Prince  will  wed  whomsoever  shoe 
lib.  He  comes  after  a  time  to  merchant's  house.  Sisler  cannot  wear  shoe  ; 
Mcing  Cinderella  jirince  says,  "  Let  that  girl  come  and  try. "  Mother  says  no, 
she  i>  ashamed  of  her.  Piince  insists,  and  the  shoe  fits  her.  Prince  says  he 
will  reium  for  her  when  be  has  loM  his  father,  and  make  her  his  bride.— (7) 
Then  mother  undresses  Cinderella  and  puts  her  in  a  tub,  and  dresses  other 
n  her  clothes.     She  mak^  a  big  fire  meaiiing  to  boil  tub.     Prince 


:,  and  says — 


mould. 


J40 


a.l.A  VARIAl 


returns  and  recogQism  thai  it  is  nol  Cinderella,  and  asks,  "  Where  is 
who  is  to  be  mr  hride  ?"      SUter  «iy«  it  is  herself,  but   coeJt  flie*  on  lo  Ihe 
tub,  singing — 

"  Cock-a-doodle-doo, 
Cinderella  it  \s  who  wore  tbe  &hoe. 
Look  under  the  lub  if  you  would  see  her, 
LJsten  to  me  iT  you  would  fcee  her." 

Siiter  tries  to  drive  cock  airay.  Prince  asks  what  is  the  matter,  and  cock 
begins  crowing  again.  Prince  says  he  means  to  listen,  and  cock  points  bim 
to  tbe  tub. — (S)  lie  takes  out  Cinderella  aad  puis  in  sister  ;  then  rides  oK 
with  his  bride.— (9)  Mother  comes  in  and  makes  water  boil  ready  for  tub, 
aiid  sings — 

"  My  lovelf  daughter  will  be  his  bride. 

She  jaumeys  away  at  the  prince's  tide. 

In  the  tub  my  ugly  daughter. 

Is  done  to  death  in  boiling  water." 
Girl  olIIe  out  from  the  tub,  but  mother  will  not  heed,  and  goes  on  singing. 
When  the  boiling  is  orer  she  finds  her  mistske,  and  fears  lo  meet  her  husbuid- 
{10)  So  at  night-fall  she  props  up  the  corpse  on  the  landing  al  the  head  of 
the  stairs,  lights  Ihe  lamp,  and  then  goes  oFT.  Husband  returns  and  says  to 
corpse,  "  Where's  your  mother?"  Getting  no  answer  he  asks  again,  and, 
angered  by  her  silence,  he  yivcs  body  a  blow,  whti:h  knocks  it  downstair?. 
So  mother  escapes  blame. 


6  Archivio  ddle  Tradtsioni  popolari.  Paltrmo,  1883.  Vol.  U,  pp. 
185-187.  "Primo  Saggio  di  novclle  pOpolari  sarde",  da  P.  E. 
Guarnerio.  Novella  V.  (Narrated  by  Maddalena  Saba,  aged 
70,  a  peasant  of  Mores  ;  transcribed  by  Stefano  Chessa,  also  of 
Mores  iti  Logredoro,  Sardinia.) 

"Sa  Contanscia  de  Chiginera"  (The  Story  of  Cinderella). 

(1)  Man  and  his  wife  have  three  danghlen.  Wife  dies,  and  father,  who  is 
a  meichani,  asks  daughleis  before  he  goes  amy  on  business  what  tbey  would 
like.  Elder  daughleis  ask  for  an  apron  each  ;  the  youngest  asks  bin  lo  make 
so  many  bows  to  lhe/u::ff<M  mfJianu.  On  the  way,  father's  horse  refuses  to 
go  on,  either  forward  or  back,  because  there  is  a  pvmni.  Father  delivers 
youngest  daughter's  salutations,  and  the  pujtQHi  gives  him  a  nut  for  her.  He 
buys  the  two  aprons  in  the  town,  returns  home  and  dislribates  gifts. 
Cinderella,  Ihe  youngest  daughter,  thanks  him  and  takes  care  of  nut. — (a) 
Little  while  afler  father  leaves  liome  again.  Elder  daughters  ask  for  Hta  ; 
Cinderella  bids  him  silute  the/Kuanr  mtilianH.  Horse  stops  slill  al  a  certain 
spot,  tlie  futiunt  appears,  and  in  exchange  (or  salulalioni  tends  Cinderella  an 


ARCtirvlO. — ABMENISCHE    BIBLIOTHEK,  14' 

■Jmond.     Father  buys  fans  and  relaim  bomc (J)  One  Teast  day  CimlelelU 

«pclu  the  nut  and  tiring- maids  come  Conh,  she  opeos  the  almond  and  finds 
cloUies  for  a  /eit.  She  is  dreucd  and  goes  lo  church  la  attend  earljr  laasi. 
On  the  way  she  loxes  one  shoe,  which  is  found  by  king's  son,  who  proclaims 
that  whoever  has  lost  a  silver  shoe  ifaall  be  his  wife.— Ul  Many  ladies  apply, 
but  shoe  is  not  theirs.  King's  son  goes  from  house  to  house  inijuiring,  and 
comes  to  the  merchant's,  where  heinsisls  that  elder  sisters  shall  try  if  shoe  will  fit 
even  their  servant,  orcooli.  Sisters  reply  that  they  haveamaiduf  all  workon 
whose  fool  Ihey  have  tried  shoe,  but  it  will  not  go  on,  and  that  she  never 
leaves  the  bouse. — (5)  King's  son  goes  himself  into  kitchen  and  finds 
Cinderella,  dressed  like  a  queen  and  wearing  only  one  shoe.  He  pnts  the 
other  on  her  fool  and  leaves  without  saying  a  word  to  sisters. — (6)  One  day 
usters  go  to  high  mass,  and  CinderelJa  having  let  het  attendants  dress  her, 
goes  alio  and  seats  herself  between  her  sisters,  who  do  not  recognise  her. 
One  of  them  says  to  her,  "  If  you  will  give  us  each  a  flower  you  will  make 
two  Itiendl."  Cinderella  replies,  "  I  will  do  so,  but  you  must  each  have  a 
box  on  the  ear  as  well."  "All  right,  if  nobody  sees,"  say  sisters,  "Nobody 
will  see,  and  you  shall  have  two  flowers  for  ihis,"  says  Cinderella,  and  gives 
each  of  them  the  box  on  the  car  and  the  flower.  Mass  at  an  end,  Cinderella 
reltmis  home  hastily,  and  has  her  clothes  taken  off.  — (;)  Sisters  come  in  and 
tell  filther  how  they  saw  a  lady  whose  beauty  quite  enchanted  theoi  ;  and  they 
show  the  flowers.  "  Yes,"  says  Cinderella,  "  but  she  gave  you  each  1  box  on 
the  ear  as  well."  Sisters  turn  cold  as  ice,  and  don't  know  what  lo  cay. — (8) 
After  a  little  while  Cindeiella  invites  father  to  a  dinner,  which  she  has  pre- 
pared. Sisters  laugh  heartily,  and  say  they  have  been  to  see  this  banqaet. 
Father  goes  apslairs  and  finds  the  waiters  and  cooks  all  ready  with  spoons  and 
forks,  and  the  king's  son,  who  tells  him  that  the  shoe  would  only  fit  his 
daughter,  and  that  she  is  lo  be  his  wife.  After  dinner  bride  and  bridegroom 
go  lo  royal  palace,  and  don't  seek  sisters  any  more.  That  puszont  was  the 
king's  son,  who  was  doing  penance. 


ArmtNuehe  Bibliothek.     Herausgegebeti  von  .-Migar  J. 

LeipKig,  1887,  iv,  pp.  i-io.    "Marchen  und  Sagen",  mit  dnur 
Einleiiung  von  Grilcer  Ohalatisam. 

"TiiK  Bbothkr  R.\M." 

{I)  Widower  with  boy  and  girt  marries  widow  wiih  one  daughter.     Step- 

I   nother  penoades  father  to  desert  his  two  children  in  the  tnonDtainn.    tie  leads 

n  to  uninhabited  spot  and  bids  ihera  rest.     He  gives  them  bread  j  boy 

iti  to  drink  ;  father  puts  hisstiLk  in  ground,  throws  bis  coat  over  it,  and  tells 

I  childien  to  lil  in  shade  of  coat  whilst  be  fetches  them  water.    He  leaves  them 

f  wnowfnlly,  hut  never  retains;  and  they  setk  him  in  vain.-  <j)  At  last  one  takes 

the  ititk  tte  other  the  coal,  and  ihey  finnder  on  and  oti.     Presently  they  see 

the  prints  of  horses'  hoofs  filled  with  rain.     Broihcr  warns  to  drink,  but  Hster 

slops  him  or  he  would  become  a  foal.    They  come  upon  prinis  of  ox  hook. 


14^  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 

Again  broltier  would  drink,  but  siiln  hinders  him  lest  he  lum  ij 
calf.  She  Tocbids  his  drinking  from  the  prinK  of  buffalo  hoofs,  of  bear's  paws, 
of  pig's  feet,  of  woll'a  paws,  of  shtep's  feet,  for  fear  of  similar  Iransfonnalions. 
Bui  brother  is  dying  of  thirst  and  drii.ks  from  the  pr:nl  of  sheep's  feel,  uid  ii 
Iransfoimed  into  a  ram,  and  runs  bleatirg  afler  lister. — (j)  They  wanJer  for 
»  long  tine  ;  at  length  reach  home,  Step^motber  lells  father  to  kill  ram, 
which  she  craves  lo  eat.  S  sler  saves  ram  at  the  last  moment  and  leads  him 
into  the  mountain?.— I  4>  Every  dsy  she  lakes  him  lo  pasture  and  meanwhile 
spins  thread.  Once  her  distaff  falls  from  her  band  and  rolls  into  a  cave. 
Leaving  ram  grazing  she  goei  after  distatf  ;  6nds  in  the  cave  ■  thousand-year- 
old  Deva  lying,  who  seeing  girl  tays;  "  It  is  impossible  for  feathertd  bird  or 
creeping  snake  to  penetrate  here  ;  how  have  you  managed  to  enter,  maiden  ?" 
Heroine  in  (error  replies:  "  From  love  lo  yon,  grandmamma  t"  Old  woman 
m.kes  heroine  sit  by  her  and  asks  her  about  this  and  that ;  then  says;  "  I  will 
fetch  you  fish  ;  you  mu:l  be  hungry."  She  brings  snakes  and  dragons,  and 
heroine  aJraid,  weeps.  Old  womin  a.ks  why,  and  she  lays:  "  I  remember  my 
mother  and  therefore  weep."  She  Ihen  tells  all  that  has  befallen  her — (;) 
Old  woman  lays  she  will  sleep  with  bead  on  heroine's  knees.  She  makes  a 
fire,  puts  fire-hook  into  stove  and  says:  "  If  Blackness  passes  by,  don't  wake 
me  ;  if  Rainbow-hued  flies  past,  put  tbe  glowing  fire-rake  to  my  feet  that  I  mny 
wake."  Then  she  goes  lo  sleep.  Soon  afterwards  heroine  sees  a  hileous 
black  monster  fly  past,  and  she  remains  silent.  Presently  she  sees  the  Rain- 
bow hued  ;  Ihen  she  seize*  the  glowing  fire-hook  and  flings  it  at  feet  of  old 
woman,  who  says:  "  Bah  I  how  the  ilias  bile  !"  and  wakes  up. — (6)  Heroine 
rites  loo  ;  her  locks  and  clothes  have  been  changed  to  gold  by  the  lustre  of 
the  Rainbow. hucd.  She  kisses  oli  woman's  hand  and  asks  permission  to  leave; 
then  takes  Brother  Ram  home.  Step.molher  is  oul  when  they  arrive.  Heroine 
secretly  digs  a  hole  near  slove  and  buries  gold  elolho,  then  doni  old  ones. 
Si ep  mother  iitumr,  notices  her  golden  locks,  and  asks  how  she  obtained 
Ihem.  Heroine  lells  her  everythipg.— ("I  Ncit  day  sl'p-molher  sends  own 
daughter  to  the  mountain.  There  she  purposely  drops  her  distaff  which  rolls  to 
cave.  She  goes  after  it;  old  Deva  changes  her  into  ascare-crow  and  sends  her 
home:~(S]  That  day  king's  son  is  to  be  manied.  Stepmother  at^oins  own 
dsugbler's  head  and  lakes  her  lo  palace  lo  see  widditrg.  Htroine  dons  gold 
dress  and  shoes  and  goes  after  them.  H  urrying  to  reach  home  before  step- 
mother she  drops  one  gold  shoe  in  the  spring.  King's  hordes  are  taken  lo  well, 
start  back  at  sight  of  shoe  and  lefuse  to  diink.  King  sends  for  wise  men  to 
ask  leaior.— (9)  Gold  >hae  is  found,  and  kin^  pioclaims  his  son  shall  wed 
whomsoever  shoe  fits.  Shoe  ii  Itied  throughout  the  dty.  Step-mother  posltet 
heroine  ialo  slove  and  displays  own  daughter. —  [10)  Cock  Hies  over  the 
Ihiesbold  and  crows  three  times:  "  Kikcriki  I  tbe  fairest  of  tbe  fair  sill  in  tbe 
itove."  King's  messengers  push  step-mother  aside,  biirg  forth  heroine  and  fit 
shoe.  She  is  to  be  king's  biide,  and,  clad  in  gold  dress,  driving  Brother  Ram 
before  her,  she  goes  lo  palace.  King's  son  marries  her,  and  they  feast  leeen 
days  and  seven  nightp.— (11)  Ore  day  slep-moibir  and  itep-sislet  go  to  viwl 
heroine.  Slep-motbct  proposes  bithing;  then  pat  hts  ben  ine  far  out  to  sea  and 
a  large  fish  swallows  her. — (11)  Th<n  the  dtcists  own  daughter  in  gold  dreia 


i 


armenischl:  HinijoTHEK.^ARNASON.  143 

ID  her>.ine'9  place  at  pilacc,  hidirg  her  Tsce  and  hevi  that  ihe 
miy  not  be  recognised. — (13)  Heroine  fioiD  inside  Hsh  henrs  voice  of  bell- 
ringer  und  ciies  to  him  In  cro&s  himseif  seven  limts  when  be  has  summoned 
Ihe  people  to  church,  then  go  and  tell  king's  son  not  lo  slaughter  Brother  Ram. 
Bell-ringer  Iwice  bears  the  voice  and  goes  to  leil  king's  son,  who  returns  with 
him  al  night  to  ^ei-sborr.— (14)  Heroine  cries  out  >s  bcfoie,  and  king's  son, 
recognising  his  wife's  voice,  draws  swotd,  spring;  into  sea,  rips  open  fish, 
and  delivers  her.  They  gohjme. — (15)  King's  ion  sends  for  ^lep  mother  and 
a«ks;  "What  preent  shall  I  make  you  ?  A  barley-fed  steed  or  a  black  .hand  led 
knife?"  Slep-mot  her  says;  "May  the  black-handled  knife  pierce  Ihe  bieaslol 
yonr  eneror,  but  give  me  Ihe  bai  ley-fed  iteed."  King's  ion  orders  step-mother 
and  daughter  to  be  bound  to  the  horse's  tail  and  driven  ovei  hills  aid  rocks 
till  nothing  is  lefi:  of  them  but  their  ears  and  a  luft  of  bair.  Brother  Rim, 
b«roiae  and  king's  son  live  happily  together. 
Three  applet  (all  down  from  heaven. 


I   JoM  Aks \sos,  Fo/Jt-fa/fs  of  Ittland.    Leipzig,  1862-64.    (Trans-   9 
Ution  by  William  Howard  Carpenter,  publisheii  in  Folk-Lore 
Jl€eord,  iii,  pp-  237-41-) 


Stm 


«  Storv. 


(1)  King  and  igiieen  hive  only  daughter  Mjadvc'g.  Queendies;  (atheiuid 
daughter  lament  al  her  tomb.  King  at  last  advised  to  marry  again;  journeys 
to  find  wife.  Comes  to  crowd  round  weeping  woman  with  one  daughter 
named  Kroka.  She  has  just  lost  husband  ;  corsenis  to  many  king. 
People  observe  that  mother  and  daughter  charge  into  gianlesses  when  they 
think  they  i.rc alone.  King  grieves  lhcr<al.—  (3)  Kroka  rots  Mjadvcig,  to  whom 
mother  appears  in  dream'  bidding  her  take  and  wear  in  her  bosom  what  she 
will  lind  in  Ihe  path,  lletoine  looks  and  finds  kerchief.  Kroka  discovers 
this  and  lean  il  away  fiom  her.  Heroine,  igain  directed  in  dream,  lakes 
cine  of  yarn  found  near  path,  and  ibis  ruos  before  Yti  and  conducts  her  lo 
bower.  Hrrc  she  dwells  in  comfort  and  unseen,  though  able  to  overlook 
paUcc.  —  {ji  One  d«y  she  loses  a  shoe  and  vowi  she  will  many  whttever  man 
finds  il, — (4)  Shoe  is  piiked  up  by  a  king's  sot>,  who  ht  s  putMthore  to  visit  king 
at  palace.  lie  a.'k«  queen  whether  any  cosily  thing  has  been  tost  from  trea- 
sury. Qneensays  "Yes";  her  daughter  complained  of  hoving  lost  something  but 
would  not  say  what.  Piince  thows  shoe  al  her  request ;  she  pretends  it  ts  bet 
daughter's  and  ti  kes  it  to  her.  Prince  aiks  lo  see  dsnghier  niih  sbne  oa, 
then  offers  to  many  her,  and  iskcs  her  10  his  ship.  When  thty  hive  sailed  a 
ihoit  distance,  two  blrf  1  settle  in  the  riggipg  and  sty; 


144 


CINOEREl 


NTS. 


"  At  the  prow  sits  hewn  heel, 

Full  is  ha  shoe  with  blood  ; 

Al  home  >its  Mjadvcig 

In  her  golden  bower. 

Turn  back,  king's  son." 
King  looks  il  bride's  Cool,  >nd  finding  it  mutUaled,  and  Ihit  shoes  do  not  | 
match,  pats  back  to  tind.^(5)  He  comes  upon  Mjadveig'i  bower,  lalkt  to 
and  notices  that  ihe  is  wearing  fellow  shoe  lo  one  he  carries  and  bids  her 
on.  Mjadveig  tells  him  that  queen  and  daughter  are  giantesses.  He  letomi 
to  ship  willi  Mjadveig  as  his  biide,  but  lets  it  appear  that  be  intends  to  nuiTj 
Kroka.  .Arrived  at  his  kingdom  he  sendi  ship  back  (or  Kroka's  mother,  and 
meanwhile  puis  Kroka  lo  death  and  has  body  burnt.  The  ashes  are  made  into 
porridge  and  given  to  queen, '  nho  says  it  isgocd,  but  mskes  her  thirsty.  Voice 
comes  (romher  thioal:  "  Est  me  Dot,  mother."  Queen  IB  about  to  change  into 
giantess  when  she  is  fallen  upon  and  killed,  and  liuniL^(6]  Prince  marri 
heroine  ;  father  is  present  at  wedding. 


10  Jon  Arnason,  Udandic  Legends.  Translated  by  Geo,  E,  J. 
Powell  and  Eiiikr  Magnusson  (2nd  Series).  London,  1866. 
Pp-  235-250- 

The  Story  of  Mj.aiiveig,  D.^ughter  of  Mani, 

(l)  Kirg  Mini  had  bcaatiful  daughter  Mjadveig;  her  mother  died.    King  10 

sorrowful  thereat  that  things  went  awry,  and  his  couDsetlore  advised  him  to 
re-marry, — (2)  So  he  sent  two  in  seorchofa  newqueen.  After  sundry  mishapi 
the;  came  to  a  wild  land  where  they  heard  harp  playing  ;  sounds  led  them  lo 
tent,  wherein  sat  lady,  who,  seeing  them,  dropped  harp  and  swooned.  When 
she  revived,  they  told  their  errand,  and  learned  she  was  a  queen  whose 
king  had  been  slain  by  invaders,  whose  leidei  would  have  married  her,  but 
she  ded  with  daughter  10  wild  countfy. — (3]  She  agreed  to  go  with  counsellors 
and  wed  Mini,  who,  seeing  her,  forgot  his  giicf  and  martied  her.— (4)  One 
day  she  and  daughter  look  Mjadveig  for  walk  and  changed  dresses  of  the  girls, 
bying  spell  on  Mjadveig,  so  that  other  girl  was  taken  for  her.  Then  she 
bound  Mjadveig  Jiind  and  foot,  and  put  own  daughter  in  Mjadveig's  bower. 
— (5)  In  ionow  laden  sleep  Mjadveig  dreamed  her  mother  came ;  unlooied 
her  ;  gave  her  cloth  with  food,  telling  her  never  to  let  it  be  quite  empty  and 
to  let  none  see  iL  All  happened  as  she  had  dieamed.— (6)  Queen  sent 
daughter  to  watch  her;  daughter  cmfiily  oHered  to  share  her  exile.  Fdgning 
deep,  >he  saw  Mjadvtig  take  cloth  and  ett ;  then  she  matched  cloth  and  ran 
away. — (7}  Again  Mjadveig'i  mother  came  iti  dream,  chiding  her  incaution, 
bat  bidding  her  travel  to  the  coast,  whereon  was  house  with  key  in  door.     She 


ARNASON.  145 

was  to  go  three  times  forward  and  taree  times  backward,  touching  key  each 
time,  when,  at  last  touch,  door  would  open.  There  she  lived. — (8)  One  day 
she  took  fright  at  seeing  many  ships  and  ran  home  so  fast  that  she  lost  one  of 
her  gold  shoes. — (9)  The  leader  of  fleet  was  prince  who  came  to  woo  her  ;  on 
landing  he  found  shoe,  and  vowed  to  marry  only  the  woman  it  fitted. — (10) 
He  went  to  Mani's  palace,  asked  for  Mjadveig,  told  his  vow,  whereon  queen 
took  shoe  to  her  daughter. —  ( 1 1 )  It  did  not  fit ;  then  queen  cut  off  daughter's 
heel  and  toe,  got  shce  on,  took  her  to  prince,  who  wooed  her  and  started  for 
his  own  country.— (12)  Passing  Mjadveig's  house  he  heard  song  of  birds ; 
knowing  their  language,  he  heard  this  song  : 

"  Heel  chopped  off  sits  in  the  stem. 
And  full  of  blood  is  her  shoe. 
Here  on  the  seaside 
Does  Mjadveig  abide, 
A  far  better  bride  to  woo. 
Turn  back  then,  king's  son,  O  turn  I** 

(13)  Then  he  put  spell-dissolving  plate  on  bride's  shoulders  ;  she  became  an 
ugly  troll  and  told  him  the  truth.  He  killed  her,  salted  body,  which  filled 
twelve  barrels,  put  it  on  ship  laden  with  gunpowder. — (14)  Then  he  rowed  to 
Mjadveig's  house  ;  heard  her  story  ;  found  gold  shoe  fitted  her ;  took  her  to 
his  ship;  sailed  to  capital ;  bade  Mani  and  queen  to  wedding. — (15)  Queen 
pleaded  illness,  but  came ;  refused  food,  when  prince  offered  her  raw  salt 
meat,  which  she  cooked.  She  ate  for  eleven  days,  becoming  ugly  troll  while 
eating.  On  twelfth  day  she  ate  twelfth  barrel ;  prince  showed  Mani  cannibal 
queen.  Then  he  set  fire  to  meat-ship,  while  queen  on  board,  blowing  her  to 
pieces. — C16)  Prince  told  Mani  all ;  held  wedding  feast ;  then  Mani  went 
home  and  passes  from  this  tale. — (17)  Prince  became  king  in  his  father's  stead; 
Mjadveig  had  son. — (18)  One  day  at  bath  woman  came;  asked  her  to 
exchange  dresses;  cast  spell  on  her,  she  and  woman  changed  places  and 
shapes,  but  none  knew  this. — (19)  Prince  had  moved  Mjadveig's  house  near 
her  hall,  but  now  all  things  went  ill. — ( 20)  One  day  herdsman  walked  by  sea; 
saw  glass  hall  on  rock,  inside  which  woman  like  Mjadveig.  Round  hall  was 
iron  chain,  by  which  giant  dragged  it  into  sea. — (21)  Herdsman  saw  child 
drawing  water  at  brook ;  gave  him  gold  ring,  when  dwarf  appeared ;  asked 
what  man  wished  for.  He  asked  meaning  of  glass  hall ;  when  dwarf  told  him 
giant  would  free  Mjadveig  if  in  four  times  coming  on  shore  some  one  came  to 
release  her. — (22)  Then  dwarf  gave  man  axe,  wherewith  he  cut  chain  ;  then 
giant  came  ;  was  blinded  by  contents  of  bag  dwarf  flung  ;  rolled  into  sea  and 
was  drowned. — (23)  Then  Mjadveig  was  freed  ;  tarried  while  dwarf  and  herds- 
man went  to  tell  prince. — (24)  Then  they  put  magic  board  on  false  queen,  who 
became  troll ;  was  cast  into  prison,  and  killed. — (25)  Herdsman  brought  back 
Mjadveig,  and  was  made  an  earl. 


^l.LA   VAHIANTS. 


■TiiETALtC  OF  ![OW  THREE  DaMSEI.S  WENT  1 


iTCH  I-'lkt," 


(I)  Old  mail  ami  woman,  living  far  Irom  iiihnbiicil  pans,  iii  ciitrn^:?  Uytho 
sea,  have  lline  i4aD(;liten,   Ii  (jn^ji'i'g.  Sipi'lr,  and  lldgn.     The  yoiingmt  ii    I 
ill-trealtfd  and  made  a  dtndge.— (i)  The  co  Uge  (ire  haviiif;  gone  oul,  eldest    I 
daughter  ii  ten*  a  lung  jaurnty  lo  fetch  lite.     Pisaing  n  moaiiit,  the  bears  »   I 
voiceatkinn,  "Willyouhaveme  wilhyouoragainM  vou?"    Shedoe^not  < 
whiili.     She  teache>  a  ca^e,  where  ihe  finds  lire,  a  kettle  of  half-cooked  mi 
and  some  unbaktd  flu-bicids  ;  she  kindles  fire,  cooks  ihe  food,  burning  the    1 
hie*d.  etcept  one  which  che  eils.     Big  do?  comes  up  and  brqs  for  food  ;  the    I 
kicks  him;  he  Kite*  off  her  hand.     She  is  friglnened  and  runs  home,  fo'eelling 
in  take  Are.— (j)  Seonnd  daugh'er  it  senl  an-t  fA'c  si'>iilatly,  except  that  Hng 
hilet  off  her  nnse.     She  letums  without  tire.— (4)  Heroine  is  sent,    te|> 
civilly    lo    voice  in   the    mound,   and  cook*   (be   meat   and   bread  Cife'ully, 
wasting  none,   resolving    lo    take  nothing  without  owner's  leave.      Hideous 
giant  entert  with  savage-looking  dog,  invites  her  k<ndly  to  take  fo-d,  and  lo 
sleep  either  with  his  doi;  or  himself.     Wh'Ut  lying  down  in  the  dog's  lair  she 
i(  so  terrified  by  thunderous  Iremblingi  a-id  noises  that  she  is  at  1-ngth  per- 
^undid  10  rest  hy  the  giant'i  side. — [5)  Thereupon  he  changes  into  beiudful 
prince,  and  heroine  seizes  Ihe  foll's-shape  and  burns  it  to  ashei,   thereby 
rcieasing  him  Irom  spell, — (6)  Next  morning  prince  promues  to  fetch  her 
Isier  10  matiy  him,  gives  her  *  tunic  which  she  must  wear  out  of  sight  under 
her  clothes,  il«i  a  chesi,  which  she  is  not  lo  hide,  tilled  with  precious  things, 
and  two  splendid  dresses.     Dog  biingi  her  a  ring,  and  ibe  liics  lo  the  colta 
carrying  the  fire.— (7)  All  her  preienis,  e»cepl  thelunic.are  lakoi  Irom  her. —    | 
(8)  After  a  time  a  vessel  anchors  opposite  collage.     Heroine's  father  c< 
verses  with  the  master,  not  knowing  him  to  be  prince,  and  tells  him  he  b»    | 
a  wife  and  two  daughters.     Daughters  are  fetched,  aud  appear  in  heroini 
fine  clothes,  but  one  is  hiding  a  hand,    the  other  covering  her  nose.— (9)    j 
Stranger  insi'ta  on  knowing  »hy,  and  at  length  indaces  father  to  prodace   j 
youngest  daughter,  who  appears  before  him  in  dirty  rags.      Slranger  tears  1 
olTher  and  she  stands  forlh  in  shining  tunic— (lO)  lie  strips  elder  sislcn  of 
•.tolcn  linery  and  flings  them  heroine's  rags  ;  then  he  sails  away  vrith  heroine 


:s  her. 


11        ?.  CiiR.  AsujoRNSEN,  JVor,  Jiilhdbog JoF  dot  Norske  Ungdom. 
Christiania,  1S37. 

"Kari  Tk«stak." 

(1)  IIeroir<e's  rami:  <»  K^n  ;  Hid,  bvcsnsi-  she  his  do  o<hi'r  I'u'ticnal  ihin 
a  wooden  one.  she  ■:,  t.lled  Kiri  Trjeslik  ( WoodeuCloak).  She  his  a  brother. 
1  hor  pare'ils  Icite  litem  at.  scile  hc'tloom  •  pan  (to  bake  fl>t  loaves),  which 
the  boy  t'kcs,  and  a  c*i,  which  leeomcs  hcroiuo's  i  rj|  e  I).     They  sc    ant  j 


ASBJORNSEN-'ASBJORNSEN    AND    MOE.  14? 

to  iif  their  lack  in  the  wHe  worW. — (2)  Kari  is  advised  by  cat  to  eater 
kitchca  in  king's  castle,  where  she  gets  situation  as  c<x)k's  help. — (3)  Cat 
goes  into  the  wood  and  catches  a  reindeer,  which  king  buys  for  a  hundred 
dolUrs.  With  this  money  cat  procures  for  heroine  a  horse  and  saddle,  and 
a  dress  shining  l«ke  the  stars. — (4)  King  throws  water  at  heroine. — (5)  She 
goes  to  church.  He  falls  in  love  with  her,  runs  after  her,  and  gets  one  of  her 
gloves;  asks  whence  she  coaies. — (6)  Cat  catches  a  stag,  which  king  buys  fur 
two  hundred  dollars. — (7)  Towel  thrown  at  heroine — (8)  She  goes  to  church 
second  time. — (9)  Cat  catches  an  elk.  King  pays  thiec  hundred  dollars  for 
it. — (10)  Comb  thrown  at  heroine. — (ii)  She  goes  third  time  to  church. 
Prince  has  pitch  poured  in  porch.  Heroine  loses  gold  shoe. — (12)  Prince 
will  wed  whomsoever  it  fits.  Many  try  in  vain. — (13)  Queen  brings  ugly 
stepdaugh'er,  who  puts  on  shoe.  As  they  ride  to  church,  bird  denounces 
false  bride,  whose  foot  is  mutilated. — (14)  Prince  tuins  back  ;  sends  for  Kari 
Traestak  to  try  shoe.  It  fi>s  her.  She  doffs  wooden  cloak,  and  shows  golden 
gown  and  fellow  g.>ld  shoe. — (15)  Prince  marries  her. 


AsBjoRNSEN  OG  MoE,  Norskc  Foikeeventyr^  No.  XIX,  **  Kari 

Traestak". 

(See  Dasent,  No  30.) 


P.  Chr.  Asbjornsen  og  J6r(;en  Moe,  Norske  Foikeevcntyr.     2nd    12 
ed.     Christiania,  1852.     P.  416.     (From  Bygland,  Norway.) 

"  Kari  Tr^stak." 

(i)  Widowe  I  k«ng  with  one  daughter  marries  widowed  queen  with  one 
daughter.  Stepmother  ill-tre  us  heroine. — (2)  On  Sunday  queen  and  her  daugh- 
ter g>  to  church,  and  make  heroine  stay  at  home.  Queen  scatters  a  bushel  of 
pease  for  heroine  to  pick  up,  bcs*des  hiving  dinner  leady  by  their  leium. 
Heroine  goes  out  to  fetch  water,  weeping.— (3)  A  voice  from  the  hillock  asks 
why  she  cries.  She  tells  the  reason,  and  receives  from  those  in  the  hillock 
a  brass  diess,  horse  and  saddle,  and  is  told  to  ride  to  church.  The  dinner 
will  be  cooked  and  the  [>ease  collected  by  her  return.  [The  story  proceeds 
like  "  Kari  Trcestak"  (sec  No.  Ii),  except  that  heroine  does  not  serve  in  the 
king's  castle.] 


Ibid.,  p.  416.     (From  Hardanger,  Norway.)  13 

"Kari  Traestak." 

(i)  A  man  goes  out  to  seek  his  runaway  horse.  Seeing  smoke  in  the 
disrance,  he  goes  in  that  direction  and  comes  to  a  house,  which  he  e  Hers, 
inquiring  for  his  h>rsc.     In  the  hous?  dwells  a  widow  with  two  daughtets, 

L  2 


Migpic  and  Crow,     They  have  wen  no  horse,  bul  inviie  Ihc  mm  l^ 
Having  sat  some  time  in  Ihe  proftercd  chair,  he  sijs  it  is  lirai.'  (or  him  t< 
going.     "SqueMe  him,  my  chiitl"  s«ys  Ihe  women;  and  llif  chtir  squeeics  I 
him  ii  that  he  is  untblc  ro  rise.     Th's  happens  a  si-cond  and  a  lliird  lime.   I 
Al  l«st  the  man  may  be  leleiiied  on  consenting  to  marry  the  widow, 
doei  so;   ihey  ate  married. — (j)    His  own  daugh'er  is  ill-tieilcd  by  step-  ' 
mothiir  and  stepsisters ;  sent  10  herd  ihc  raille  wiih  noihitig  (or  her 
but  a  grey  slone  and  three  spoonfuls  of  milk  in  a  boa.     Heroine  thri 
siHic  of  ihrcc  day)  of  such  Ueatment. — (3)  On  ihc  Tourth  day  Magpie 
lo  spy,  but  diicovc!  nothing  —(4}  On  the  lifih  day  Crow  is  sent.     When  she  j 
arrives,  heroine  sajs:   "Come,  s'ster,  I  will  louse  you!"   ftnd  does  so,  Ull  j 
Crow  falls  asleep.     Then  heroine  drinks  Tram  one  ear  of  ihe  ox  (ltd  cats  from   I 
Ihc  other,  till  she  is  mote  beauliAil  ihan  ever. — (j)  But  Crow  has  a  hidden   j 
eye  in  Ibe  bacli  of  her  neck,  and  jjoes  home  and  lells  what  she  has  ««■ 
ox   is  killed,  and   buried   in   a  mound  ;  on  thi!<  spot  springs  up   a  housei   j 
lutnished  with  every  imBginiblc  Ihipg  — amongst  oihers,  three  dresses,  called 
sun,  moon,  and  star.     Only  stepdaughter  knows  of  it,— (6)  Stepmother  and   j 
Hiughtcrs  ride  to  church,  after  having  thrown  ■  bushel  of  rye  in  the  asbcs  for   I 
heroine  lo  pick  up.  unless  she  wouH  like  to  be  killed.     Heroine  crits. 
Ihe  lillle  birds  come  warbling :  "  Go  10  church  ;  we  will  collect  the  rye  I" 
She  hies  lo  the  hoube  on  Ihe  mound,  dons  the  slai-dtess,  goes  tn  church,  and    I 
is  home  before  Ihe  others,  who  afterwards  talk  about  the  Lively  siringer.^7)    I 
The  second  lime  she  wears  'he  moon-dress  lo  church,  and  on  the  third  limi 
the  sun-dreu.— |S|  She  loses  one  of  her  golden  slippers.     Prince,  being  ii 
love  with  her,  announces  thai  whoever  can  wc»r  the  shoe  i»  to  be  queen. — (9) 
Slepmolher  cu's  a  large  piece  off  Magi^e's  kg  and  half  of  Crow's  fool,  but  it 
vain, ■~(  10)  She  is  compelled  to  let  heroine  appear,  and  the  :>hoe  fits  her,  and 


Ih'ii.,  p.  420.     (From  Hardanger.) 

"Kari  Tb*5T.\k." 

(i|  Heroine  having  served  a  Iroll,  is  seen  by  piince  in  church. — (1)  He  I 

follows  her,  and  on  the  Ihird  Sunday  gets  hold  of  her  golden  slipper. — (3)   I 

Stepmother's  daugh'er  culs  her  hc^l   and  toe  to  get   on  shoe,  bat   b 

denounce  her,  singing; 

"  A  chopped-off  loe,  a  heel  cul,  loo ! 
She  iitt  on  the  hearth  who  can  wear  the  shoe.'' 


/Mr/.,  p.  420.    (From  Fjeldberg.) 

"  IjNDtiiHONNiNGEN'"  {The  Lime-trec  Queen). 

(i)  Widower  with   beautiful   daoghier  marries   widow  with  two  wicked  1 

d«ughlcrs.      Stepmother  illlrcais  heroine,  dothing  her  in  rags,— (a)  One  J 


ASBJORNSEN    AND    MOE — ATHANAS'EV.  1 49 

Sanday  heroine  is  sitting  sorrowfully  under  a  large  lime-tree  growing  near  the 
farm,  when  suddenly  a  door  in  the  tree  opens,  and  out  steps  the  lime-tree 
queen.  She  is  so  strangely  fair  and  shinirg  that  heroine  must  needs  close  her 
eyes. — (3)  Queen  takes  her  into  tree,  di esses  her,  and  lets  her  drive  to 
church,  where  prince  sees  her,  and  falls  in  love  with  her.  She  disappears, 
saying: 

**  White  before,  behind  me  black ; 
The  way  I  go  let  no  one  track."* 

She  returns  to  tree  and  dons  her  old  rags.— (4)  Next  Sunday  she  knocks  at 
lime-tree,  saying: 

**  Open,  lime-tree,  open,  pray  ! 
I  want  to  go  to  church  to-day." 

She  goes  in  coach  and-four. — (5)  Third  Sunday  she  goes  in  coach-and-six, 
and  loses  her  gold  shoe.  It  is  tried  by  everyone. — (6)  The  denouncing  birds 
are  driven  away  by  stepmother's  daughter,  until  prince  forbids  it.  Then  he 
hears  them  sing : 

"  A  bit  off  the  toe,  and  off  the  heel,  too ! 
You  may  see  it  is  so ;  full  of  blood  is  the  shoe.' 

—{7)  Prince  marries  heroine. 


A.  N.  Atha^as'ev,  /Russian  Folk-taks.    Moscow,  1861.     Part  vi,    144 

pp.  143-50.     Tale  No.  XXVIII. 

"  SviNOi  Chekhol"  (Pigskin  Hood). 

(I)  A  grand  duke  has  a  beautiful  wife,  who  dies  leaving  a  beautiful  daugh- 
ter.   Father  falls  in  love  with  heroine,  and  wants  to  marry  her. — (2)  She 
goes  weeping  to  mother's  grave.     Mother  says  :  *'  A«k  your  fotber  for  a  dress 
covered  with  stars.*'     The  father  buys  such  a  dress,  and  is  more  ardent 
Heroine  goes  again  to  grave,  and  mother  bids  her  ask  for  a  dress  embroidered 
with  the  sun  in  front  and  the  moon  at  the  back.     Father  buys  the  dress,  and 
is  still  more  amorous.— (3)  Mother  now  bids  her  ask  for  a  hood  made  of 
pigskin.    When  this  is  made  heroine  puts  it  on,  and  father  is  so  disgusted 
with  her  that  he  drives  her  from  home.     She  wanders  for  two  days,  and  on 
the  third  day  a  storm  arises.     She  climbs  into  an  oak-tree,  and  bides  among 
the  branches. — (4)  The  king's  son  passes  with  his  dogs,  who  notice  the  gi'l 
and  bark.     Prince  sends  back  his  servant,  who  reports  that  there  is  a  curious 
animil  up  the  tree.     Prince  comes  to  the  tree,  and  asks  :  "  Who  are  you  ? 
Can  >ou  speak?*'     '*!  am  Pigskin  Hood.'*    Prince  takes  her  home,  and 
shows  her  to  his  parent*  as  a  curiosity.     Heroine  is  put  in  a  separate  room. — 
(5)  A  ball  is  given  at  the  palace.     Heroine  asks  permission  to  look  on  at  the 
door,  but  is  refused.     She  goes  to  the  field,  dons  her  star-dress,  whtstles,  and 
a  splendid  carri«ee  aopeatv.     She  drives  to  the  palace,  enters  the  ball-n>om, 
'■■■■■■  I        i»  II  -^— ^^     I 

1  See  n  iic  6, 


150  CINni:KKl.l,.\   VARIANTS, 

Uld  dances.  All  ue  amazed  at  her  beauty.  Then  she  disappears,  rei 
her  pigskin  liood,  and  return*  I0  her  room. — {6)  The  same  thing  happens  a 
recond  lime,  only  heroine  wean  Ihe  lun- and  mooD-dresi.— (7)  On  the  third 
occaiion  the  looks  most  lovely  [description  ol  dress  not  givin],  and  the  prince 
falls  in  love  with  her.  Wishing  to  discover  who  she  ir,  he  has  some  pitch  put 
on  the  ittpt,  and  one  oF  her  shoes  ilicks  to  it. — (8)  Tne  prince  travel*  with 
it  all  over  the  country  in  search  of  its  owner,  hut  in  vain.— (9)  On  his  leturn 
he  goes  lo  Pigskin  Hood,  and  asks  her  10  show  her  feet.  The  shoe  fits  her, 
and  the  prince  deitroys  the  pii^kin  hood  and  marries  the  beautirul  girt. — 
(10)  One  day  he  asks  why  she  wore  it;  "Because",  she  says,  "I  wa» 
exactly  like  my  rieai  mother,  and  my  father  wanted  tn  marry  me." 

Note  —In  No.  X. Willi  {ih\/.,  Pait  Vl),  «  priest  insists  on  marrying  his  I 
daughter.  She  weeps  at  mother's  grave.  Dead  molher  "comes  om  from  her 
grave"  to  advise  her.  Girl  obtains  from  father  p'ggkin  dress,  and  two  sets  of 
goigcous  appsrel ;  the  former  she  herself  assumes,  in  ihe  latter  she  dre.'-es  up 
three  wooden  puppets.  She  'akes  her  place  in  the  midst  of  these.  Eirh 
opens,  and  alt  lonr  sink  ini»  it. 

In  another  veision  iiiul..  Part  Vtl,  No.  XXIX)  the  father  kills  liis  daughter. 

In  No.  XVm  {ih/i..  Pjit  Vl),  Prince  Ujiniel,  Ih:  Talker,  setki  to  wed  his 
sister  because  magic  nog  fits  her.      i  'Id  women  tell  her  to  make  four  puppet*    ' 
and  place  one  in   each  comer  of  her  room.     After  marriage-service  brida 
hastens  hack  lo  her  room.     When  she  is  called  Ihe  puppets  coo  ;  earth  opens, 
and  girl  sinks  into  it. 

In  another  version  (i/;V.,  Part  II,  No.  XXXI)  son  it  ordered  by  parents  to 
marry  his  sister  after  their  death ;  she  prepares  puppets  ;  they  speak  ;  euth   I 
opens  and  swallowa  girJ. 


ATHANAs'r.v,  /Russian  Fi>lk-ialei.     Moscow,  1861.     Part  vr, 
pp.  152-54,  No.  XXX. 

"CHERtoiSHKA"  (I.ittle  Cinderella), 
(i)  .\  gentleman  and   his  wife  had   a  beautiful  daughter  named   Masha, 
The  wife  died,  and  ihe  gentleman  married  a  wsdow,   who   ha'l   two   had 
daughters.     They  ill-trealed  Masha.      ^he  had  lo  do  all  hard  work  at  home, 
clean  stoves  and  attend  lo  fires,  and  was  nicknamed  "  the  Black  Girl". — |l) 
One  day,  the  king  of  that  country  announced  ihal  be  wanted  1  wife,  anil 
invited  at!  maids  10  the  palace.     The  stepmother  look  her  two  daughten  to   ■ 
the  king,  but  refused  lo  lake  Mash.i.     They  tefi  her  a  bushetful  of  barley, 
soot,  and  flour,  mixed  together,  and  told  her  to  separate  them  all  hy  the  lime 
of  their  return.     Masha  went  on  the  steps  leading  to  the  house,  and  burst  J 
inio  tears.      Two  doves  flew  in,   and  separated  barley,  soot,  and  flour. — (3( 
Afterwards  one  of  the  doves  alighted  on  her  right,  and  the  other  on  her  left  I 
shoulder  ;   and.  In   an  instant,  Masha  discovered  that  she  was  beautifully  f 
dressed.     "  Co  to  the  palace,"  said  Ihe  doves,  "  bui  do  not  slay  there  till 
midnight."     Masha  iliil  as  sbe  was  lold.     All  were  surpti.ed  nt  her  beanty. 
The  king  fell  in  love  with  het.     Remembering  doves'  words,  she  returned  J 


ATHANASEV.  151 

home  before  midnight  The  king  tried  to  catch  her,  but  could  not — (4)  On 
the  following  evening  the  same  thing  was  repeated.  On  the  third  evening  the 
doves  dressed  Masha  better  than  ever.  She  went  to  the  palace,  and,  dancing 
and  enjoying  herself,  forgot  about  time.  Midnight  struck.  Masha  rushed 
home.  The  prince  ordered  the  stairs  to  be  covered  with  pitch,  and  Masha 
lost  one  of  her  shoes. — (5)  On  the  following  day,  prince's  messengers  tried  to 
find  owner  of  shoe,  but  could  not  ;  shoe  would  not  6t  any  maid.  At 
last  they  came  to  Masha's  house.  The  stepmother  told  her  eldest  daughter  to 
put  the  shoe  on ;  it  would  not  fir.  **  Cut  off  your  great  toe,''  she  cried,  '*  and 
the  shoe  will  fit.  You  will  become  princess,  and  need  never  walk."  The 
girl  did  so,  and  succeeded  in  putting  on  shoe.  Suddenly  two  doves  flew  up, 
and  cried,  **  Blood  on  the  foot."  The  messengers,  seeing  blotxl  dripping, 
said,  **You  are  not  the  right  maid." — (6)  Stepmother  tried  shoe  on  second 
daughter,  but  failed. — (7)  Messengers  observed  Masha,  and  asked  her  to  try 
shoe.  It  fitted  her  exactly,  and  instantly  she  was  dressed  in  the  finest  of 
dresses.  They  took  her  to  the  prince.  When  she  went  to  church  to  be 
married,  one  of  the  doves  sat  upon  her  right  shoulder  and  the  other  upon  her 
left. — (8)  After  the  ceremony  the  doves  flew  to  the  stepsisters,  and  plucked 
out  one  eye  of  each. 


Athanas'ev,  Russian  Folk-tales,     Moscow,  i86t.     Part  vi.         227 

No.  LIV,  pp.  270-73. 

"  Kroshechka-Khavroshichka." 

(i)  Heroine  is  an  orphan  and  is  very  ill-used.  Her  cruel  mistress  has  three 
daughters.  Heroine  toib  for  them  all  and  never  receives  a  kind  word. — 
(2)  She  goes  into  the  field,  puts  her  arms  round  the  neck  of  the  spotted  cow, 
aud  says  :  "  My  beloved  cow,  they  are  so  utikind  to  me  ;  they  have  given  me 
five  poods  {pood=^o  lb.  Eng.)  of  flax  to  be  made  into  linen."  **  Poor  dear 
child,"  iMiys  cow,  "all  you  need  do  is  to  creep  into  one  of  my  ears  and  come 
out  at  the  other,  and  ^11  will  be  ready."  So  it  happens.  Heroine  takes  linen 
home,  and  mbtress  gives  her  twice  as  much  to  do  next  day.  Same  thing 
happens  again. — (3)  Miitic^s  is  surprised,  and  the  fi>l lowing  day  sends  one- 
eyed  daughter  to  spy.  She  forgets  what  she  has  to  do  and  goes  to  sleep,  when 
heroine  s^iys,  *'One-eye,  sleep."  Before  she  wakes  all  is  performed  as  usual. 
— (4)  Mistress  having  learnt  nothing,  sendi  second  daughter,  called  Two-eyes. 
The  same  thing  happens,  wnen  heroine  fays,  "One-eye,  sleep!  Two-eyes, 
sleep !" — (5)  Mistress  is  very  angry,  and  on  third  day  sends  three-eyed 
daughter.  Heroine  says,  "  One-eye,  sleep  !  Two-eyes,  sleep !"  forgetting 
the  third,  which  stays  awake  and  sees  everything.  Daughter  tells  miatres>, 
who  sayi  next  day  to  husband,  "  Kill  the  spotted  cow."  He  objects  to 
doing  hO,  but  sharpens  his  knife.  Meanwhile  heroine  runs  to  tell  cow, 
who  says :  *'  Don't  you  eat  any  part  of  me  under  any  circumstances  what- 
ever ;  but  collect  my  bones,  bury  them  in  the  garden,  aud  from  time  to 
time  pour  some  water  over  them." — (6)  Girl  does  as  bidden  ;  and  on  the  spot 
there  grows  an  apple-tree  with  golden  leaves  and  silver  branches  and  crystal 


152  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

fruit.'  All  pMierf-by  are  amazed. — (7)  One  day,  whilst  the  three  sisters  are 
playing;  together  in  the  field,  a  young  and  wealthy  youth  passing  by  says  he 
will  marry  one  of  them  if  khe  will  give  him  one  of  those  apples.  Girls  ru^h 
to  the  apple-tree,  whose  apples  look  eaj»y  to  pick;  but  as  soon  as  girls  attempt 
to  touch  them  they  rise  up  out  of  reach.  Girls  try  all  manner  of  ways  but 
cannot  succeed,  and  quarrel  and  fight  with  each  other.  Meanwhile  heroine 
comes  up,  and  the  apples  immediately  descend  for  her.  The  rich  young  man 
marries  her. 


228        Athanas'ev,  /iussiiiN  Folk-tales.     Moscow,  t86i.     No.  LV, 

pp.  273-76. 

"BURENUSHKA." 

( i)  In  a  certain  kingdom  lives  a  king  with  his  wife  and  his  daughter  Mary. 
When  queen  dies  king  marries  again.  Stepmother  has  two  daughters,  one 
with  two  eyes,  one  with  three  eyes,  and  she  ill-treats  Mary,  sending  her  to 
mind  the  spotted  cow  with  only  a  piece  of  dry  bread  to  eat. — (2)  When  she  is 
in  the  Held  heroine  bows  to  the  right  foot  of  the  cow,  and  then  ;Lhere  is  plenty 
of  food  for  her.  She  takes  the  piece  of  bread  back  home  and  puts  it  on  the 
table.~(3)  Queen  is  very  much  surprised  ;  gives  her  same  piece  of  bread  next 
day,  and  sends  one  of  her  daughters  to  discover  whence  Mary  gets  food. 
When  they  reach  the  field  Mary  says  :  '*Let  us  sit  here.  I  will  comb  your 
hair."  Whilst  doing  so  she  repeats,  "Sister  dear,  go  to  sleep  !  Little  eye, 
sleep !  Second  eye,  sleep  likewise !"  Stepsister  falls  asleep,  whereupon 
Mary  hows  to  cow*s  right  foot  and  gets  food  as  before.  In  the  evening  Mary 
calls  out,  **  Gel  up  !  it  is  time  to  go  home."  **  Ohdear  !  oh  dear  !  I  have  slept 
all  day  and  seen  nothing.  Mother  will  be  so  angry.*'  On  iheir  return 
mother  asks,  "Well,  what  did  Mary  eat?"  Girl  cannot  tell  her. — (4)  Fol- 
litwing  day  queen  sends  three-eyed  daughter  to  spy.  Same  thing  happens, 
but  the  third  eye  stays  awake  and  sees  everything.  Girls  return,  and  step- 
sister tells  queen  everything  she  has  witnessed. — (5)  Queen  orders  cow  to  be 
slain,  and  it  is  done.  Mary  asks  for  a  portion  of  the  entrails,  and  buries  it  in 
the  door-post.  A  shrub  (cyiistis)  grows  from  it,  covered  with  sweet  berries. 
Birds  sit  in  its  branches,  singing. — (6)  W^hen  Prince  Ivan  hears  of  it,  be 
comes  to  the  queen,  puts  a  cup  on  the  table,  and  says,  "  I  will  marry  the  girl 
who  can  till  this  cup  with  berries."  Stepmother  sends  eldest  daughter,  but  the 
birds  will  not  allow  her  to  touch  the  berries.  She  sends  second  daughter  with 
like  result.  At  last  she  allows  Mary  to  try,  and  the  moment  she  approaches 
the  bush  the  birds  begin  to  pluck  the  berries  and  fill  her  cup. — (7)  Prince 
Ivan  therefore  marries  heroine.  In  the  course  of  time  Princess  Mary  has  a 
son,  and  s.he  goes  with  husband  to  visit  her  father. — (8)  Stepmother  changes 
Mary  into  a  goose  and  substitutes  eldest  daughter  as  Prince  Ivan*s  wife.^ 
They  return  to  princess  home. — (9)  Very  early  in  the  morning  the  nurse,  an 

*  See  note  7.  *  Sec  note  8. 


ATHANAS'eV — DAS   AUSLAND.  153 

old  man,  takes  the  child  in  his  anns,  and  goes  into  the  field.     A  flock  of 
geese  fly  past,  and  he  says  to  them,  "Geese,  have  you  seen  this  child's 
mother?"     One  of  the  gee&e  alights  on  the  ground,  takes  off" its  feather-skin, 
lifts  the  child  in  her  arms,  and  begins  to  suckle  it.^    She  weeps,  and  tfi  she 
weeps  she  says,  **  To-day,  my  loved  one,  I  shall  suckle  you,  to-morrow  also, 
but  on  the  third  day,  alas  !  I  shall  fly,  fly  away/'    Then  the  old  man  returns 
home,  and  the  child  sleeps  the  whole  day  without  waking.     The  pretended 
mother  says  :  "The  old  man  must  have  let  the  child  die  of  hunger." — (lo) 
Next  morning  old  man  takes  child  to  the  field  as  usual.    On  this  occasion 
Prince  Ivan  watches  him  from  behind  bush.     Some  wild  geese  are  passing, 
and  old  man  asks  if  they  have  seen  child's  mother.    They  answer:  "  In  the 
second  flock."     Second  flock  passes,  and  old  man  asks  again.     Then  mother 
descends,  takes  off*  feather-dress,  and  b^ins  to  suckle  child,  and  doing  so 
bursts    into   tears,    crying,   "  To-morrow  I  shall  fly  far,  far  away,  to  dark 
forests,  mid  high  mountains."    Then  she  says,  "Dear  me !  what  a  peculiar 
smell  there  is !"  and  begins  to  look  for  her  feather-skin. — (ii)    She  cannot 
find  it,  for  Prince  Ivan  has  burnt  it.     He  seizes  Mary.     In  an  instant  she 
turns   into   a   frog,    then   into  a  lizard,  then   into   a   snake,  lastly,    into   a 
distaff.     Prince    Ivan   breaks   the  distaff*  into    halves,    throws   one   behind 
him   and  one   in  front,   and   instantly  his    young    wife  stands    before  him. 
Then   they  return  home,  and  the  false  wife,  seeing  Mary,    cries,    "Here 
comes  a  bhameless  woman  !" — (12)  Prince  Ivan  assembles  other  princes  and 
counsellors,  and  asks    them  with  which  of   his  wives  he  is  bound  to  live. 
"  Surely,"  they  say,    "  with  the  first."     "  Well,  I  shall  live  with  whichever 
wife  can  the  more  quickly  climb  up  the  gates  leading  to  the  palace."     Second 
wife  climbs  the  gates  very  quickly,  but  Princess  Mary  simply  tries  and  fails. 
Meanwhile  Prince  Ivan  seizes  a  gun  and  shoots  the  woman  on  the  top  of  the 
gate.     Thenceforward  he  lives  happily  with  Mary. 


D'AuLNOY,  Madame,  Contes  des  Fees^  1698. 

"  FiNETTE   CeNDRON." 

(See  No.  56.) 


Das  Aus/and,  Jahrgang    1832.      Mdrchen   und  Kinderspiele  in    17 
GrUcfienland^  von  Dr.  Zuccarini.     No.  LVIII,  p.  230.     (Col- 
lected amongst  the  lower  orders.) 

"  SraiyTOjroura." 

(i)  Three  sisters  live  with  mother  in   great  poverty.     EHder  sisters  kill 
mother,  and  feast  on  her  flesh .    The  youngest,  SraifTorovra  ( Aschenputtel), 

^  See  note  9. 


'54 

will  n 


CINDKRT^M, 


I A  NTS. 


t  partake  of  Ihe  meal.  She  collects  mothers  boner,  Telche*  p 
incense,  ind  lapers,  and  buiiel  bones  uudet  a  tree.  A  wonderTul  bird  aings  \ 
overhead  (song  noi  tivcn). — (I)  Heroine  finds  golden  doihc  and  al!  soria 
finery,  and  is  made  very  bcBUtilul.  Has  lo  suffer  much  fioin  envious  i>isi( 
who  make  her  do  menial  wotk. — (3}  Once  they  all  three  gi>  lo  church,  : 
prii.ce  fnlli  in  luve  with  heroine.  He  has  threshold  of  the  church  smei 
with  honey,  and,  an  ihey  come  out,  every  woman's  shoe  a  left  sticking. — (4)  I 
Heroine's  it  the  smallest,  and  prince  liken  it  and  proclnims  tl 
ihc  owner.  Sisters  keep  heroine  out  of  light.  When  prince  comes  to  their  | 
house  she  i.i  in  bco-house  ;  but  he  discovert  her,  and  presently  manies  hei 
{5]  An  old  woman,  .-.ent  by  sisters,  comes  to  do  heroine'i  hair,  . 
meanwhile  telN  her  ;>loiies.  Her  hair  tnmi  10  feathers,  lund  she  is  transformed 
into  a  htcle  bir>^.  Old  woman  sets  all  manner  of  traps,  hut  canont  carch  ii. 
It  flies  on  to  the  roof,  and  singi,  "  Basil npule,  basdapule  I"  ana  relates,  lu 
tinging,  its  histoiy.  Prince  baa  bird  caught,  and  it  repeats  ii«  song  to  hrm.^ 
(6)  He  has  old  woman  seized  and  compelled  to  remove  spell.  lie  mu>t  ilo 
this  bim'iel'i  by  plucking  out  the  fenthera,  whereupoa  heroine  regains  human 
form.     Old  woman  is  killed,  and  sisters  are  hanged. 


1 145    C.    Baissac.    Le  Fi>/k-li!rf  d/  F I h- Man  rice.       (Texie  cr&le  el 
traduction  fiaiti;ais(;.}     Paris,  1888.     No,  XI,  p|i.  118-28. 

"The  Storv  op  Peau  d'Ane." 

(1)  Widowed  king  has  lovely  daughter,  and  one  day  suggests  that  they    . 
should  marry.     She  at  liret  refu!«4,  but  he  beg-t  to  much  that  at  last  she  says   | 
yes.      He  promises  her  three  dresses,  like  Ihe  sun,  the  moon,  the  stars,  and   | 
sends  mesiengers   who  obtain  them.— (2)   Then  she  refuses  lo  marry  him    ' 
because  her  (airy-godmother  has  forhiildea  it.     Early  on  the  wetiding-day  she 
wakes  up,  pats  a  covering  (paliif  at)  on  her  head,  goes  lo  father,  and  says  i 
am  so  untidy,  and  don't  fetl  well ;  better  wait  till  another  day."    Two  or  three 
days  afterwards,  when  father  proposes  marriage,  she  aiks  for  the  skin  of  the 
go  Id -ass  whence  he  derives  his  wealth;   otherwise  she  will  not  mairy  him. 
After  two  days'  deliberation,  kinR  consenis  to  give  it  her  ;  but  they  tnust  bs 
married  next  day.— (3)  At  cock-crow  next  morning  heroinerunslog^dmolher  I 
who  bids  her  put  all  her  clothes  in  a  box  and  escape  :  she  will  join  her  at  the  I 
street-comer.     King  suspects  nothing  ;  heroine  and  godmother  travel  rill  they  I 
reach  amiiher  coui.try.     Godmother  has  made  a  dresi  for  heroine  onl  of 
skin,  and  leads  her  to  king's  palace.— (4)  Heroine  persuades  king  to  engage  J 
her  as  goose-girl.     He  gives  her  a  wrelchwl  little  ruom  at  the  bottom  ol 
courtyard.       Two  or   three   months    pass.      One   day  qneen  chances  to 
heroine,  and  atks  her  name.      She  says  it  is  "  Peau  d'Ane".     IJueen  Lelis  her    | 
she  hasa  large  dinner-party  to-morrow,  and  heroine  must  help  cook.     She  u  J 
to  make  a  cake. — {5)  The  same  evening,  (jneen's  ion  out  walking,  nolici 
light  ihroDgh  a  crjck  in  door  of  old  hovel,  look*  ihtough  keyhule,  and 
a  lovely  (jirl.     He  rattles  ihe  door,  enters,  and  has  a  long,   long  talk  with  I 


BAISSAC — BALFOUR.  155 

heroine.  Before  parting  he  tells  her  not  to  tell  his  mother,  but  to  make  the 
cake  as  bidden,  and  put  his  ring  into  it  Then  he  will  pretend  to  be  choked, 
and  they  will  have  to  jcnd  for  a  doctor.  Heroine  does  this — (6)  Prince 
notices  just  where  the  ring  is,  and  takes  that  slice  of  the  cake  for  himself,  and 
pretends  to  be  strangled,  making  a  great  to-do.  Eveiyone  gets  up;  they 
upset  the  table,  and  the  lamp  goes  out,  the  glasses  are  smashed,  and  there  is 
great  confusion.  All  ask  what  is  the  matter;  mother  louks  into  his  thruac 
and  sees  the  ring.  She  tries  to  extract  ir.  Impossible!  All  the  young  gii  Is 
try.  No  use  I  Peau  d'Ane  is  there  lot>king  on,  and  marks  fathei's  alarm. — 
(7)  lie  sends  a  soldier  to  sound  the  trumpet  and  proclaim  in  all  the  streets 
that  if  anv  young  girl  can  extract  ?h*»  nng  <r'»m  the  prince's  throat,  the  prince 
shall  marry  her.  Quite  a  pr  )ctssion  of  girls  rile  past  him,  and  each  one  rokes 
about  in  his  ihroat  in  vain.  Queen  begins  to  weep.  Prince  tr  es  to  speak, 
and  mutters  10  his  mo'htr,  "(Jh,  how  I  sufler !  let  Peau  d*Ane  try  ;  prrhaps 
she  can  do  ir."  >he  puis  htr  finger  down,  and  the  ring  just  tits  round  it,  and 
comes  out  on  it. — (8)  Prmce  says  be  will  certainly  marry  Peau  d*Ane.  Queen 
is  very  vexed,  but  prince  says  he  must  keep  promise  made  by  king.  Whiist 
they  dispute  over  the  matter,  in  comes  fairy  godmother,  taps  Peau  d*Anc  wiih 
her  wand,  and  lo  !  she  is  a  lovely  princess  in  a  c'ress  like  the  sun.  1  here  is  a 
grand  wedding. 


Balfour,  Mrs.     Unpublished  Story  from  Lincolnshire.  274 

"  Tatter-Coats." 

(l)  In  palace  by  the  sea  lives  a  grrat  lord  with  a  little  gr»nd-daughter 
whom  he  hates,  because  of  her  resemblance  to  the  dearly-loved  daughter  who 
died  at  her  birth.  Child  is  neglected  and  lonely,  and  her  greate!>t  friend  is 
the  goose-herd. — (2)  King  is  passing  through  the  land,  and  oiders  the  nobles 
to  meet  and  do  him  honour.  Grandfather,  richly  clad,  goes  in  chariot  of 
state  to  meet  king.  Old  nurse  asks  if  little  giil  shall  not  go  too,  but  is 
mocked  at  by  master  and  other  servants,  who  say,  "  Mistress  Tatter- Coats  is 
only  happy  in  her  rags,  with  bare  feet,  herding  geese  in  the  lane."  Tatter- 
Coats  weeps  at  this,  and  herd -boy  proposes  that  they  go  by  themselves  to  meet 
king. — (3)  On  the  way  a  handsome  youth,  clad  in  velvet  and  gold,  stops  them 
to  ask  way  to  the  town  where  king  will  meet  his  nobles,  then  dismounts  to 
walk  beside  them,  and  falls  in  love  with  sweet  Tatter-Coats.  He  asks  her  to 
marry  him,  but  she  laughs,  and  says  he  would  be  ashamed  of  a  poor  goose- 
girl  for  a  wife.  He  persuades  her  to  go  that  night  to  the  ball  with  her  geese, 
and  in  her  torn  petticoat  with  her  bare  feet,  and  promises  to  dance  with  her, 
and  present  her  to  the  king  as  his  dear  btide. — (4)  At  the  stroke  of  midnight 
she  enters  the  great  hall  at  lower  end,  is  met  by  her  lover — be  in  satin  and 
jewels,  she  in  rags  with  bare  feet,  and  followed  by  the  quacking  geese  and  the 
ragged  herdboy.  They  stand  before  the  king,  and  the  herdboy  takes  out  his 
pipe  and  begins  to  play,  when  lo !  her  rags  turn  to  silken  folds,  a  golden 
crown  sits  on  her  golden  hair,  and  the  geese  become  a  crowd  of  little  page- 
boys beaimg  her  train.     Her  lover  is  the  king's  son. 


CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 


Ks.  Sadok  Baracz,  Sajki,  fi-aszki,  podania,  etc.  ("Contes, 
fac^ties,  l^endes,  proverbes  e(  chants  de  la  Ruth^nic",  i>..  de 
la  Gallicie  de  Vest,  environs  de  Lembcrg.)  Tarnopol,  1866. 
Pp.  97  8.  1 


"  Kopciuszkk"  ("  Cinderella",  from  hupec. 


.,  verb  kopHl). 


(1}  A  botutiful  girl,  not  wishing  to  marry  tbe  maa  ber  Tsther  Km  cbosea  Tor 
her,  cairies  otf  her  fine  clotbes  and  escapes  to  tbe  «iH>d,~|l)  She  dont  a 
cloak  and  goes  to  take  aeivice.  Her  maitti  fiequentif  hits  her  with  ■  bmih 
and  throws  water  over  het  head.~(3)  Thcic  U  B  ball  given  in  the  town,  to 
which  mssler  goes.  Heroine  drcuei  up  and  goes  loo,  and  ponies  ber  moaier, 
telling  him  she  comes  from  a  place  where  1  hey  hit  you  with  a  brush  and 
throw  water  over  your  bead.  TTiis  happens  three  times.— (4)  At  length 
maiter  recognises  his  servant  and  marries  her. 


I  Ihid.,  p.  98.     Variant  of  the  foregoing. 

Cloak  is  made  of  wolfs-skin,  maxteT  bits  heroine  with  his  ilick  and  with  a 
broom,  and  recognition  is  brought  about  by  means  of  some  cakes  which 
heroine  prepares  for  him. 


V|43  Karl  Bartsch,  Sagen,  Mitrefien  und  Gtl/rauehe  aus  MekUnburg, 
gcsammdt  und  herausgegeben  von.  Wien,  1879.  Vol.  i,  pp. 
479-8 1. 

"  ASCHENPUSTER." 
(i)  A  rich  man,  whose  wife  is  dead,  falls  in  love  with  his  beaalirul daughter, 
and  would  compel  her  to  marry  him. — (3)  At  lait  she  thinks  to  escape  him  by 
stratagem,  and  feigning  compliance,  only  requires  that  he  sliill  Rrst  give  her  a 
dress  of  silver,  a  dress  stifT  with  gold,  and  one  that  will  stand  alone  with  jewels. 
When  she  has  all  these,  the  wants  a  coat  of  crow's  leatheis,  and  after  that  a 
wishing- wand.  These  she  gets  ilso.— (3)  There  dwells  in  the  land  a  hand- 
some prince  who  has  beard  of  the  girl's  beauty.  She  takes  wand  in  her 
bond,  the  dresses  on  her  shoulder,  and  wishes  herself  near  the  prince's  castle. 
Instantly  she  is  iranspoited  to  the  palace  garden.  Then  she  wishes  for  a  cup- 
board in  corner  of  garden,  puts  her  dresses  in  it,  dons  crow-skin,  and  goes  to 
palace-kitchen,  giving  herself  out  to  be  boy  seeking  employment.— (4I  Cook 
engages  ber  as  sculUon  (Aschenpiistcr).  Two  days  afterwards  prince  bring* 
some^me  which  he  has  killed  into  kitchen.  1^1  eroine falls  in  love  with  him. 
Soon  afterwards  prince  attends  wedding  in  neighbouring  castle.  Many  people 
go  to  see  the  dance.  Heroine  begs  Cook's  leave  to  go  and  look  on.— (5)  She 
runs  to  her  cupboard,  dons  silver  dress,  wishes  Ibr  a  carriage,  and  drives  lo  the 


EAKT.iCH — BASILF,,  157 

casUc.  Vrintx  duicei  with  b«r ;  bat  the  diuppeui  a.rter  uicond  dance,  ecu 
into  cariiage,  and  siys : 

"  Darkness  behind  me  and  civiinesi  abod, 
That  Done  may  discover  whilher  I've  sped." 

Next  morning  prince  is  in  a  bad  temper,  fiji  all  nighi  ht  hjs  lain  awake  ihink- 
in^;  of  bciutilul  partner. — (G|  Atcbenpiister  has  to  clean  li's  bonis,  and  f\ic 
laves  a  liny  jpeck  on  the  loc.  Prince  noiicei  il.  Gome<i  in  a  rage  into  ki'chen 
■od  throws  boot  at  her  head.  Neil  nigh>  she  appcarii  at  ball  in  gold  dttsA  : 
lelU  prince  she  cumcs  from  Bout-Cast>  and  presenliy  disappear*  as  before. 
Prince  inijuiresin  vain  where  place  h. — (7)  Neit  morning  when  the  is  brush 'ng 
■  is  coal  he  ih'o**  clothes-brash  at  her  head.     Th«t  nithl  ^hc  appears  at  ball 

I  in  jewel  6iti^,  and  says  she  comes  from  Brnsh  Cas'.  lie  puis  a  rini;  on  hi-r 
linger  and  follows  clos:  behind  when  she  goes  home.     She  has  only  lime  10 

I    throw  crow- skin  mantle  over  migic  dress. —(8)  Next  morning,  when  cook  is 

I  raakitig  soup,  heraine  let*  her  ring  drop  into  it.  Prince  finds  il,  and  in<[uires 
I  wai  in  the  k'tchen.  Heroine  is  sent  for,  and  is  made  to  search  ihe  prmcc's 
I.       Then   he  sees  jewel  dress   sparkling  through  IhE  diagulsc. — (9)   tie 

I  lecogniscs  her,  and  marries  her. 


I  Gi.VMBATTiHTA  Basile,  Archlvio  de  Litteratura popolare.  Napoli, 
1383.  Anno  i.  No.  VI.  Pp.  41-43,  (From  Pomigliano  d'Arco, 
Province  of  Naples.     Contributed  by  Vitiorio  Imbriani.) 

"O  CuNTO  d".\  Bei.l.\-Pilosa"  {The  Story  of  the  Hairy-Belle). 

(I)  A  man  has  wife  and  daughter,  each  with  hair  and  teetli  of  gold.  Wife 
dies,  and  vrtdower,  wishing  a  second  wife  like  deceased,  is  counselled  by 
devUto  wedowndaughter.— (2)  Hecoine  persists  in  refusal,  at  last  asks  leave 
to  consult  confessor.  f<he  goes  to  mother's  grave  and  weeps.  Mother  bids 
her  demand  first  a  dress  of  golden  bells  ;  next,  a  dress  with  sun  in  front  and 
moon  at  back.  Father  obtains  both  with  aid  of  the  devil. — 13}  Then,  coun- 
selled bj  mother,  heroine  asks  for  two  doves,  shuts  herself  in  her  room  to 
wash  her  feel  before  wedding,  and  escapes,  leaving  doves  splashing  in  the 
water.— (4)  She  dons  a  wolfs  skin  and  lakes  service  as  goose-herd  at  king's 
palace  ;  is  called  Haity-Reile.  King's  ion  would  like  to  spend  some  hours 
Willi  Hairf-Belle,  but  sheobjects,  fearing  to  be  discharged,  and  therefore  pre- 
teodsshe  is  ngly  and  dirty. —(SI  One  day  he  invites  her  to  t)all  to  which  he  is 
going.  She  refuses,  but  when  he  has  started  she  washes  her  gold  hair  and 
teeth  (which  hod  been  stained),  dons  the  dress  of  gold  bells,  and  goes  to  bill. 
King's  son  dances  with  her,  and  puts  a  ring  oD  her  finger.  She  rushes  away 
before  ball  is  over,  and  undresses.  —(6)  Neit  day  king's  son  tells  her  all  about 
meeting  at  ball,  and  begt  her  to  go  that  night  with  him.  ."^he  pcnistently 
rcfuMMi  pleading  her  wrelchedneas,  but  prctenlly  goes  in  sun-  and  moon-dress, 
dances  with  him,  and  accepts  bis  bracelet.     She  escapes  home  and  undresses. 


4 


158  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

—(7)  Next  day  king's  son  lells  all  10  his  mother,  and  adds  that  the  beauty 
was  just  like  Haiiy-Bellc,  and  that  he  would  wiilinply  marry  her.  Qaeun 
leproTea  liim.  I'rince  is  aitgry  and  fnlU  ill,  and  makes  his  doctor  rNommeDd 
>  cake  made  by  whomsoever  patiein  wi.lies.  Diicior  says  cake  must  be  pre- 
]itred  accordioj;  to  ptince's  fancy.  IJueen  is  displrased  when  prince  wishes 
ITairy-Belle  10  make  cake,  but  ginei  her  flour, -^(8)  Heroine  puu  I'mg  in 
cake.  Prince  is  convinced  that  Hairy- Bslle  is  the  ball  heauty,  and  feels  belter, 
lie  wanlsher  to  make  another  calce.  Queen  objects,  but  yields.  Prince  finds 
lirncelel  in  cake,  and  means  to  marry  Hairy- Belle.— (g)  ijueen  objects  ;  but 
at  last  he  goes  hitntelf  to  ask  For  heroine,  who  makes  known  that  she  ii  a 
jirincess,  doffs  old-woman  skin  (ik-),  and  marries  prince. 


tl48  //«■'/.,  Atino  ii,  No.  VII  (July  1884),  pp.  5.-53.  (I-rom  Ro^ijuo- 
Gravijia,  province  of  Cosenxa  in  Calabria ;  ^;ot5I^ibu^cd  by 
Vittorio  Canivelli.) 

'■  'A  RL'  M.\NZA  v'  '1  TRI  ItiSTlTi"  (The  Stoiy  of  the  'i'hfcc 
Dresses). 
(I)  A  man  named  Sirafitio  has  daugliier  Luisa.      His  wile  fills  ill,  anil 
bc'ore  dying  bids  him  marry  a  lidy  whn  can  wear  her  vreddiof!  rine. — (1)  One 
day  Lu'si  tries  on  ring  and  cannot  remove  it  from  fingot.     She  hides  it  with 
piuce  of  rag,  but  faiher  iusis's  on  seeing  lingir,  and  then  wants  to  marry  her. 
Luis  i,  counselled  by  her  nurse  (mamma  di  lalte),  dtioinds  from  father  a  dress 
of  gold  lined  with  r^b^it'ikins,  which  shall  leave  behind  it  a  trail  of  g->ld, 
Seralino,  in  quest  of  such  a  "ress,  meets  a  handsome  youth,  really  ihe  devil  {la 
IfHiaiiolu),  who  mounts  him  on  a  huisc,  and  conducis  hm  at  a  bound  to  a 
ship,  where  he  finds  the  *ery  thing.      Luisa  in  despair  again  consults  nutke, 
and  asks  faiher  for  dietd  with  sun,  moon,  anit  stars  of  gnld  all  round  it, 
Father  procuiL-s  it  with  aid  of  devil,  and  also  a  third  dress,  ihe  colour  of  the 
sea,  with  (;<>ld  fishes  nil  round. ^3)  Daughter  now  demands  and  oHiains  a  cage 
into  whicti  she  can  shut  h-rsclfand  not  be  recognised  ;  ihrn   tells  father  he 
mus-  go  tirs'  W  church   she  will  follow,  and  ihey  shsll  be  married.  -(4)  F'aiher 
starts,  »Dd  Luisa  shuts  lieisell  in  cage.  f|ii:s  off  *nA  s'nr»  at  palire  of  ktog. 
whose  son  is  to  l>e  belrotheJ  th*t  night  to  royil  princess.  —(5}    Heroine,   in 
dress  i.f  rabbii-skiiis  takes  service  as  pouhry-hcrd.— (6}  In  the  evening  she   I 
turai  tiress  inside  oui,  anil  appeirii  in  solrndour  at  ball.      King's  son  danocs   j 
with  her,  and  drops  in  her  lap  the  jewel  intended  for  his  beiioihed.      Lu'si 
vanishes  ;  prince  is  battled,  and  orders  senliDels  on  p^li  of  death  10  slop  ihe  1 
beautiful  lady  ihouH  she  come  nc«  night.— (7)  The  servaniB  tell  ihe  poullrf- 
hccd  all  about  it,  and  she  shows  no  mtercsi.      She  ip^icars  at  lull  next  night    I 
in  sitt-t  moon-,  and  stirs-dress.      Prince  deserts  his  betroih-d  to  dirnv  with   I 
heroine,  and  i;ivcs  her  necklue  intended   for  l^e  former.      Heroine  Icav 
sentinels  follow.  aW  t-he  ihrows  siluef  coins  at  ihcm  and  hurts  iheoi.      Prince 
will  spare  their  lives  provided  ihey  overtake  beautiful  lady  on  Ihe  morrow, 
— (S)  Nelt  mctning  ier.<anls  (ell  p''ulrty.|ifrd,  who  remains  indillercot.    In  Ihe 


BASILE. 


159 


evening  she  appears  again  at  ball  in  sea-coloured  dress ;  dances  with  prince,  and 
disappears.  The  sentinels,  struck  and  hurt  with  silver  coins,  cann  't  follow. 
— (9)  Prince  falls  fainting  ;  is  carried  to  his  room  seriously  ill.  Dobtors  can 
do  nothing  10  s*ve  him. — (10)  Queen  seeing  him  dying  of  weakness  and  loss 
of  appetite,  wants  *o  try  something  cooked  by  poultry-herd.  Hcroire  prepares 
his  me«l,  and  puts  jewel  into  the  broth.  Prince  snrs  it,  finds  jewel,  and 
revives,  lie  wints  some  more  soup  prepared  by  the  same  hands,  and  this 
time  he  finds  neck'ace.  He  is  quite  cured  and  sends  for  cook. — (11)  The 
poultry-herd  appears  in  best  dress,  and  prince  marries  her  in  the  presence  of 
pope  and  cardinals. — (12)  Seratino,  hearing  of  daughter's  wedding,  comes  to 
royal  palace  in  guise  of  goldsnith,  wi»h  jewellery  for  sale.  Prince  puts  one  of 
the  rings  on  wife's  ft  ger,  and  instantly  she  recognises  father,  and  flies. — (13) 
Serafino  begs  prince  to  nllow  him  to  stay  night  in  paUce.  He  goes  all 
over  the  piUce,  administers  an  opiate  in  each  room,  and  all  fall  into  deep 
sleep.  He  goes  to  daughter  and  drags  her  by  the  hair  to  throw  her  into 
caldron  of  boiling  oil,  which  he  has  prepare*.  In  the  struggle  the  drugged 
]>aper  falls  from  her,  and  she  wakes  up. — (14)  The  seatinels  are  aroused,  and 
they  throw  Serafino  into  the  boilmg  oil. 


Basili-:,  Der  Pentamerone,   oder  Das  Mdrchen   aller  Mdrcheti^     18 
von  Giambattista  Basile.      Aus   dem  Neapolitanischen  iiber- 
tragen  von  Felix  Liebrecht.    Breslau,  1846.     ist  Day,  6th  Tale. 
Vol.  i,  pp.  78-89. 

"  La  Gatia  Cenerentola"  (The  Hearth-Cat). 

(i)  Prince  loses  his  wife,  and  engages  governess  for  dearly-loved  daughter, 
who  is  kindly  treated  by  her.  Father  marries  again,  and  bis  shrew  of  a  wife 
frightens  daughter,  who  often  complains  of  this  to  governess,  saying, 
**  Would  thai  you  were  my  mother."  At  length  governess  says,  "Follow 
my  advice,  and  you  shall  have  me  for  your  mother ;  and  J  will  love  you  as 
the  apple  of  my  eye."  Heroine,  who  is  called  Lucrezia,  replies,  **Only 
shuw  me  how  this  is  to  be  brought  about."  Governess  says,  when  her  father 
is  out,  she  is  to  go  to  mother,  and  say  she  wants  10  get  an  old  gown  out  of 
chest  in  back  room,  so  as  to  save  the  one  she  is  wearing.  Mother  will  delight 
to  see  her  in  rags  and  tatters,  and  will  willingly  open  the  chest,  and  say 
**  Hold  the  lid."  Then,  whilst  she  is  searching  about  in>ide,  heroine  must 
bang  the  lid  down,  and  break  her  neck  y  When  this  is  done,  she  must  coax 
her  father,  who  would  do  anything  in  the  world  for  her,  into  marrying 
governess.— (2 )  All  is  carried  out  as  planned,  and,  after  some  persuading, 
father  consents  to  marry  governess  (whose  name  is  Carmosina),  and  arranges 
grand  wedding.  Whilst  all  the  young  people  aic  at  the  dance,  and  heroine  b 
standing  on  the  balcony,  a  little  dove  flies  on  to  the  wall,  and  says,  "  If  ever 
you  want  anything,  only  let  the  fairy  dove  on  the  island  of  Sardinia  know. 


^  See  i.ule  lo. 


l6o  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

and  joac  wUh  wilJ  be  granted."     For  five  oi  tix  days  the  new  stepitioL 
loads  heroine  with  caresses,  and  gives  hec  the  best  of  everything.     Then  she 
forgets  the  gratitude  she  awe<i  her.  and  inlroiluces  het  i>wn  daughteis,  whom 
hilherlo  she  has  kept  in  hiding  ;  and  works  upon  father  till  he  le's  them 
usurp  the  place  of  heroine,  who  is  made  to  exchange  the  sQue-roomi  for  the   . 
kitchen,  the  throne-seal  for  the  hearth,  silk  and  gold  roliea  Cor  scrubbing-  J 
apron,  and  Ihe  sceptre  for  the  spil.     Moreover,  insleod  of  Luereiia,  she  imM 
no*  called  Hearlh-Cal.— (J)  ll  happens  that  father  has  (o  v^fage  to  Sardinia  1 
on   stale  alTairs,  and  he  asks  his  stepdnughien   (who   are   oiled  Impcria, 
CaJamiLE,  fcionllo.  Diamante,  Colommina,  and  Cascarella)  what  present  he 
shall  bring  for  each.    They  choose  cosily  garments,  jewels,  gamet,  and  this 
and  that.    Mockingly  he  asks  heroine  what  she  would  like    "  Only  for  jou 
lo  greet  the  fairy  dove  from  mc,  and  ask  her  to  setid  me  soiaething.     And,  \l 
you  forgel  ihi*,  you  will  not  be  able  lo  move  from  the  s[>ol."     Prince  departs, 
settles  his  nfiairs  in  Sardinia,  and  buys  all  Ihe  gifts,  but  quite  forgets  heroine'* 
request.     Kc  embarks  for  return  voyage,  but  Ihe  ship  cannot  be  made  to  move     i 
from  the  harbour;  it  is  as  though  a  sucking-fish  held  it.'— (4]  At  last,  th«   ■ 
captain,  at  hit  wits'  end,  takes  some  sleep.     A  fairy  appears  to  him  in  bit   I 
dream,  and  says  the  ship  will  not   move  because  a   prince  on  board  has 
broken  his  ptomise  to  his  own  flesh  and  blood,  though  remembering  others. 
Captain   wakes,  and  tells  prince,  who  at  once  repairs  to  lairy  grotto,  and 
gives  his  daughter's  message  lo  the  lovely  lady  who  meets  him.     She  gives 
him  for  heroine  a  palm-branch,  a  hoe,  and  a  bucket,  all  of  gold,  also  a  tilk 
kerchief. — (5)  Prince  now   relums,   and   gives  gifis.      Heroine   is  delighted 
with   hers,  and  plants   the   palm-brancb  in  a   beautiful   (lower-pot,   hoes  it 
round  and  waters  it,  and  then  dries  It  nigbl  and  morning  with  the  silk  ker- 
chief.    In  four  days  it  has  grown  to  the  height  of  a   woman,  and  a  fairf 
steps  out  of  it,  and  asks  heroine  what  she  would  like.     Heroine  rtpliea 
would  like  to  be  able  lo  go  out  without   her  sister>  knowing.     Fairy  sayi    1 
whenever  she  wishes  this,  she  must  go  to  flower-po>,  aod  say. 


"  O  palm 
With  golden 


c,  thou  best  gift  of  gold, 

n  spade  I  dig  thy  mould. 

And  wash  thee  with  my  bucket  of  gold, 

And  dry  Ihee  with  kerchiel's  silken  fold. 

Despoil  thyself,  I  beg  of  thee. 

And  deck  me  oul  in  finery." 

And  when  she  wishes  to  be  nndresse^t  again,  she  must  change  last  verse,  and 
say, 

"  Despoil  me  now.  I  beg  of  thee. 
And  deck  thyself  in  llncry." 

— (6)  Soon  after  this,  when  all  the  stepsisicn  had  gone,  all  bedecked  and 
bcdiicncd,  lo  a  feMival.  heroine  runs  to  flower-pot,  says  the  magic  words, 
and  hndi  herself  suddenly  adorned  like  1  queen,   and  sitting  on  a  palfrejr. 


UASILE. 


i6i 


I 


<j  tir«Ive  pages.  Sbe  guet  where  ilep^ten  are.  and  [hef  are  most 
envioM  of  her  be«iily.  The  Icing  of  ihe  country  falls  in  love  with  her,  and 
bids  his  Iriul]'  servanL  find  out  all  he  can  aboul  hei.  Servant  follows  her 
on  foot,  and  heroine  throws  behind  her  a  handful  oF  £old  coin  received  for 
thii  purpoic  fmm  palm-tree.  Servant  lights  his  lamp  to  search  for  tbe 
money,  and,  meaawhile,  heroine  gels  hoioe  and  reiuing  dress  to  tree,  as  fairy 
b*de  htr.  Slepsitlers  Irf  to  make  her  envious  by  telling  all  Ihe  lovely  tbiii|^ 
Ihey  have  »een.  King  &eoldi  servant  for  losing  sight  of  heroine,  and  bids  him 
do  his  utmost  neit  night  to  find  out  who  she  is,  and  where  fhe  lives. ^(7) 
Not  night  sle|Hislers  go  to  festival,  and  heroine  speaks  magic  wonli  to  palm- 
ttee;  Out  come  a  number  of  waiting-maids,  bearing  mirror,  washes,  curling- 
ironi,  cosmetics,  comb,  pins,  clothes,  and  Jewels  ;  and,  havii^  dressed 
faeroine.  and  made  her  shine  like  the  sun,  they  pat  her  in  a  coach -and'Slx, 
wilh  lackeys  and  pages.  She  goes  to  the  festival,  and  stepsisters  are  still 
more  astonished,  and  Ihe  king  still  marc  enamoured.  When  she  leaves,  and 
king's  servant  follows,  she  throws  out  bandfuls  of  pearls  and  jewels,  and  at>aiD 
he  slops  lo  pick  Ihem  up,  King  is  very  angry  with  him,  and  gives  him  a 
sound  ihiashmg  and  kicking, — (8)  At  third  festival  heroine  appears  in  still 
greater  splendour.  King  sends  servant  to  follow,  and  heroine,  perceiving 
this,  tells  coachman  to  drive  foster.  Away  goes  the  caiiiage  at  such  speed 
thai  hei  shoe  flies  out.  Servant  cannot  follow,  but  picks  up  shoe  OJid  lakes  It 
lo  king,  who  thinks  this  at  least  better  than  nothing, — (9)  He  colls  his 
scCTelary  to  bid  trumpeter  proclaim  that  alt  the  lodiu  in  the  land  are  invited 
to  a  grand  banquet  on  a  certain  day.  Numbers  arrive,  rich  and  poor,  young 
and  old,  pretty  and  plain,  and  king  tries  the  shoe  on  everyone,  but  it  will  lit 
nobody.  He  commands  silence,  then  invites  them  all  to  supper  on  the 
morrow,  enjtHiiiag  on  each  to  leave  no  woman  whatever  at  home,  no  matter 
who  the  is.  Father  of  heroine  tells  prince  Ihat  he  has  another  daughter  at 
home,  but  she  spends  her  days  on  the  hearth,  and  a  not  fit  lo  sit  at  a  king's 
table.  King  says,  she,  above  all  others,  is  to  come. — (10)  Nett  day  heroine 
comes  with  stepsistcTs,  and  the  moment  king  sees  ber  he  recognises  her, 
though  he  says  nothing  at  first.  After  supper,  the  shoe  is  again  tested,  and  it 
bounds  towards  heroine's  foot  like  iron  to  the  magnet.  King  tusbcs  up  and 
embraces  her,  leads  her  to  the  throne,  and  sets  crown  on  her  head.  All 
present  make  obeisance  to  her.  Stepsislcis  ore  so  envious  that  they  cannot 
beat  to  look  on,  and  tlip  quietly  home. 


Ihid.    Second  Day,  Sixth  Tale.     No.  XVI.     Vol,  i,  pp.  206-iS.      I4 
"Thi;  SHE-Ut.vK." 

(I)  There  was  once  a  king  of  "  Roitghrock",  whose  wife,  dying  in  her 
prime,  enjoins  on  her  husband  never  to  marry  again  except  he  find  a  woman 
M  boiutiful  at  herself;  otherwise  her  corse  will  pursue  him  even  into  the 
next  world.  King  vows  he  can  never  love  another,  and  his  wife  expires, 
leavbghim  in  deep  grief.     By  nightfall  he  begins  to  consider  his  lonely  fnlnre 


iCj 


C!NbERF.U„\   VARIANTS. 


wiih  his  oalj  dau^litcr,  and  also  the  need  of  an  heir  In  ihe  throne,  and  deter- 
mines lo  seek  a  woman  m  besulifiil  as  his  deceased  wife,  lie  iisnes  procla- 
mation that  all  the  womeo  in  the  world  are  lo  a'^emble  lot  tbe  beiuly-lest,  and 
he  will  choose  the  lovcHcst  (or  his  consor'.  All  sons  of  women  active — even 
the  roost  ill-fjiyoiired.  lie  finds  some  fault  with  ihem  all.  and  lendsall  away- 
—(2)  He  bethinks  him  that  his  own  daughter  Preciosa  is  far  more  beautiful 
than  these,  and  the  veiy  image  of  her  mother,  and  lell*  her  of  his  inlcnlion  to 
many  her.  Me  is  enraged  at  het  opposition  and  alarmed  outcry,  and  threatens 
lo  cut  off  her  cars  if  she  resists  him.  —(3)  Heroine  goes  weeping  to  her  room, 
when  an  old  woman,  to  whom  she  has  shown  charity,  appear*,  and  hearing 
cause  of  her  distress,  bids  ber  take  courage.  She  gives  her  ■  tittle  chip  which 
she  is  to  pulin  hermoulh.  and  il  will  instantly  transform  her  into  a  bear;  then 
she  is  to  escape  from  father  and  rush  into  forest,  for  he  will  not  try  lo  detain 
her.  Heaven  will  watch  over  her,  and  when  she  wishes  to  regain  human  form 
she  has  only  10  take  chip  out  of  her  mouth.  Heroine  embraces  old  woman, 
gives  her  bread  and  meat,  and  takes  leave  of  her.  At  sunset  king  calls  his 
musidaos  and  invites  all  his  vassals  to  grand  banquet,  and  after  much  dancing 
and  feasting  he  goes  to  rest.— (4)  He  calls  his  doughler,  and  she  appears  in 
form  of  a  bear,  at  sight  of  which  be  is  so  much  alarmed  thai:  he  hides  under 
tbe  clothes,  and  dares  not  look  out  tilt  neit  morning.— (s)  Meanwhile  heroine 
has  gone  to  tbe  forest,  where  she  lives  amongst  the  animals,  tilt  one  day  tbe 
King  of  "  Swiftwaler"  comes  by,  and  at  sight  of  the  bear  nearly  dies  affright. 
But  the  bear  fawns  on  him  like  a  dog,  and  be  takes  courage,  and  linally  leads 
it  home  with  him,  and  bids  his  scrvanls  take  care  of  it  and  put  it  in  the  garden 
near  Ihe  palace,  where  be  can  watch  it  from  his  window. — {6]  One  day,  when 
all  except  the  prince  have  gone  out,  he  goes  to  window  and  sees  heroine,  who 
has  taken  chip  from  her  mouth,  combing  her  golden  locks.  He  is  beside 
himself  wilb  admiration  of  her  beauty,  and  rushes  iaio  the  garden.  Heroine. 
conscious  of  his  approach,  <iuick.ly  puts  chip  in  her  mouth,  and  prince  is 
so  distressed  at  not  finding  what  he  had  seen  from  his  window  that  he  falls 
ill,  and  cries  unceasingly,  "  bear  bear,  dear  bear  1"  His  mother,  thinking 
that  Ihe  bear  must  in  some  way  have  injured  him,  gives  orders  for  its  death  ; 
but  servants  have  grown  so  fond  of  bear  ibat  they  have  not  the  heart  to  kill  it, 
but  lead  it  instead  into  the  forest,  telling  queen  Ihey  have  taken  iu  tife.-^ 
(7)  When  Ihe  news  reaches  prince  be  seems  mad,  springs,  ill  as  he  is,  from 
his  bed,  and  would  hew  Ihe  setviuitl  into  little  pieces.  Hearing  tbe  Iratli 
from  them,  he  llings  himself  on  bis  horse,  and  seeks  hither  and  thithei 
till  he  finds  the  bear,  and  brings  it  home  10  his  own  room.  He  lells  her  he 
knows  what  beauty  the  fell  conceals ;  he  is  dying  of  love  for  ber ;  mrely 
she  will  lake  pity  on  him.  All  his  entreaties  are  vain  ;  he  stretches  himself 
on  hii  bed,  and  is  at  death's  door.  Doctors  are  powerless  lo  help,  and 
his  mother  prays  him  10  letl  her  the  cause  of  hb  grief.  I'rince  says,  nothing 
hut  the  sigh!  of  the  bear  can  bring  him  relief.  If  he  is  to  recover,  she  stone 
must  nurse  and  tend  him,  and  cook  his  food.— (S)  Mother  thinks  he 
has  lost  his  reason,  but  to  humour  him  tends  (or  the  bear,  who  immediatelr 
feels  his  pulse  with  her  paw,  making  the  ijueen  laugh  and  think  she  will 
■cratch  his  note  next.     "  Won't  you  cook  for  me,  feed  me,  and  tend  m^ 


E  he.    And  the   bear  nods  her  hetd.     Molhet  orders  fowls 


to  be  brought,  und  a 
cooking  tbe  fowli,  u 
bitter,  begins  eating  wiih  i 


that  she  k 


ibegr  . 


urhom  hiihetio  lugar  had  seemed, 
vers  rapidly.  Queen  is  so  grateful 
e  getf  up  <o  lest  hh 
mo  Ihe  garden  and  pli 


slienglh,  . 
;ksa  napkinful 


tbehe«r(|uicli1)' makes  the  bed,  then  runs  i 
of  roses  and  lemon- blossoms,  und  places  ibem  on  his  pillow.  Queen  is 
delighted  with  her.  Hul  all  'hii  only  makes  Uie  prince  mure  and  more  in 
love,  and  he  saji  at  last  to  his  mother  that  iT  he  is  not  able  to  give  the 
beaj  a  kiss  he  will  surely  die.  Whereat  mother  plea-ls,  "  Do  just  kiss  him, 
my  dear  lillle  bear,  or  the  poor  dear  fellow  will  die." — {9)  So  the  bear  drKwi 
near  to  the  prince,  and  whilst  he  is  pressing  his  lips  la  hers  it  somehow 
happens  thai  the  chip  falls  out  of  her  monlh,  and  lo  !  the  most  lovely  being  in 
the  world  is  in  his  arms,  and  he  cries  out,  "  Now  you  are  caught,  you  little 
TOgae,  and  shali  never  escape  me  again." — ( 10)  Queen  then  tads  her  tell  her 
story,  and  is  delighted  for  her  to  be  her  son's  bride. 


Jbid;  vol.  i,  pp.  379-95-    Third  Day,  Tenth  Tale.  J 

"The  Three  Fairies," 

(I)  A  wicked  widow  named  Catadonia,  whose  dsugbict  Graaizia  is  the 
quintessence  of  hideousnets,  marries  the  wealthy  Micco  Antonio  of  Pane- 
Caocolo.  He  has  a  daoghtet  named  Cecelia,  a  marvel  of  beauty,  and  such  a 
striking  coDlnut  to  widow's  daughter  ibat  jealous  stepmother  treats  her  with 
every  possible  indignity.  She  is  dressed  in  rags,  given  the  worst  food,  and 
made  >o  do  all  the  menial  work  of  tbe  house  and  stable,  while  scepUsler  ia 
idle. — (1)  One  day  when  she  goes  out  to  empty  sweepings  into  immeose  dust- 
bole  she  accidenlallf  drops  ber  basket,  and  whilst  consideringhowlo  recover  il, 
sees  a  hideous  horror,  with  pilch-black  hair  like  hog's  bristles  reaching  down 
lo  his  heels,  a  terrible  countenance,  a  hump-back,  thin  legs,  and  crooked 
leel — enough  to  scare  anybody.  Cecelia  takes  courage  and  says,  "Kind  man, 
would  you  pjck  out  my  basket  I  You'll  gel  a  wealthy  wife  ! ''  The  wild  man 
iclls  her  to  step  in  and  get  il  hcrtelf.— (3)  She  climbs  down  into  the  bole,  and 
sees  ibree  beautiful  golden-baired  lairiei,  who  caress  her  and  lead  her  10  iheir 
splendid  house,  then  sel  her  to  comb  theu  hair.  Asked  what  she  finds,  she 
replies,  "Little  nils  and  little  lice,  like  pearls  and  garnets."  Fairies  arc 
pleased  witb  her ;  show  her  all  ihe  treasures  in  ibeir  palace.  They  bid  ber 
choose  what  she  will  of  gorgeous  dresaes  and  jewels.  She  disregards  the 
costly  things  and  lakes  a  worthless  rag  of  a  gown.  Fairies  ask  at  which  door 
slie  will  go  out  ;  she  chooses  back  way ;  they  embrace  her,  deck  her  out  in 
gt>td- embroidered  robe,  and  dress  her  bair;  lead  her  to  golden  portal,  bless 
her,  and  bid  her  look  up.     Cold  star  falls  on  her  brow.'     She  goes  home  ; 


164  CINUERELL.^    VARIANTS. 

tells  itepcnother  everylhing. — (4)  Stepmother  sends  own  d&Dghler 
she  offends  tbem  when  doing  thdr  hair  :  "  Everj'  louse  is  u  big  as  jooi  fist 
Bnd  eveiy  nit  like  tn  egg."  She  giasp«  at  the  cMllicst  dresses,  and  wants  to 
leave  by  the  best  door.  Fairies  send  her  em  ply-handed  10  back  door,  and  bid 
her  look  ap  and  see  what  will  happen.  She  gets  ari  ass's  tail  on  her  brow. — 
(5)  Slepmothirr  is  ruriaui ;  despoils  heroine  to  dress  own  daughter,  and  sends 
heroine  in  n^s  to  tend  swine.  She  falU  b  with  a  dblinguished  gentJeman 
named  Cuosemo,  nho  is  struck  with  her  beauty,  inquires  who  she  is  and  where 
she  tivea,  then  goes  to  get  stepmother'a  permission  to  mairy  her.  Slepmother 
bids  him  return  that  evening,  as  she  wishes  lo  invite  her  relatives. — (6)  Mean- 
while  she  puts  heroine  into  cask,  meaning  lo  scald  hci  to  death,  and  when 
bridegroom  returns  gives  bim  her  own  daughter,  who  is  hideous  spite  of  tine 
dolhes.  Cuosemo  is  aghast  and  bewildered  at  the  change,  and  can  scarce 
endure  to  hiss  the  revolting  creature.  As  his  home  is  afar  and  it  is  night,  he 
takes  her  to  a  house  hard  bj^.  As  soon  as  it  is  morning  be  hurries  back  10 
stepmothers  10  say  he  will  be  quit  of  her  daughter,  and  to  pay  her  the  forfeit 
with  a  broomstick. — (7)  Stepmother  is  not  to  be  found,  having  gone  to  gather 
Slicks  lo  prepare  boiling  bsth  for  stepdaughter.  He  calls,  and  cat  in  the  ashes 
says,  "Miaow,  miaow,  your  bride  is  in  the  cask:"  He  goes  lo  cask  and 
hears  a  sobbing,  gets  an  aie,  and  rettases  heroine.  She  tells  him  all  Ihat  has 
befallen  her  ;  he  bids  her  bide  behind  door,  whilst  he  repairs  cask,  fetches 
false  bride,  and  puts  her  inside  it.  Then  be  rides  off  with  Cecelia  behind  him. 
— (S)  Stepmother  rclurits  ;  boils  own  daughter  ;  dtowns  herself  in  the  well  ii 
her  rage  and  despair  on  discovering  her  mistake. 


ES30    ^-  Beauvois,  Collins  populaires  de  la  Norviget  de  la  finlande  et  J 
dt  la  BourgQgHe.     Paris,    1862.     Pp.    239-47.     (Conte   Bour- 

guignon.) 

"La  Pktite  Annette," 

(l)  Heroine's  mother  dies  when  she  is  fifteen  years  old.  Father  marriei 
widow  with  three  danghters,  who  stay  at  home  idle,  whilst  Annette  goe« 
daily  lo  mind  sheep.  When  she  returns  in  the  evening  she  has  to  wash  the 
plates  and  dishes,  thongh  never  herself  using  a  plate.  Every  morning  she 
takes  a  little  crust  in  her  pocket,  and  suffers  dreadfully  from  hunger. — (2)  One 
day  she  is  weeping  at  lliought  of  dead  mother,  when  suddenly  a  beautiful 
kind  lady,  who  is  the  Holy  Virgin,  appeals  asks  what  troubles  her,  and 
promises  lo  alleviate  her  tot.  She  gives  her  a  wand,  with  which  she  must 
gently  strike  her  black  sheep  whenever  she  is  hungry.  Virgin  vanishes, 
heroine  uses  wand  ;  a  table  is  spread  with  all  manner  of  food,  of  which  she 
partakes,  giving  some  lo  her  sheep-dog.  This  happens  several  days. — (3) 
Stepmother,  astonished  to  see  her  grow  biter  day  by  day,  sends  eldest 
daughter  lo  spy.  Sbe  soon  gels  tired,  and  sits  down  on  a  tuft  of  grass. 
Annette  bids  her  rest  her  head  on  her  knees  whilst  she  does  her  hair,  Whilst 
combing  her,  Annette  sings,  '"  Sleep  with  one  eye,  sleep  with  two  eyes,"  and 
sends  her  10  sleep.     Heroine  i^es  her  repast.     Daughter  tells  molher  the 


I 
» 


BKAUVOtS. — BKCH^TF.IN.  t^S 

ir  1i«roine  eat  nothing  but  her  dr7  bre«d,  and  drink  nolbiiiK  but  wRter  rrom 
the  stmtm. — (4)  Mother  lends  tccnnd  dnughter  neiil  da;,  tnd  she  is  sent  to 
sleep  in  like  mnnner. — [5)  Third  Jay  mother  sends  jroungeEt  cJaughler,  telling 
her  lo  sleep  wilh  one  eye  or  both,  but  to  be  very  careful  lo  keep  open  the  eye 
which  she  will  put  in  the  back  of  het  head.  Daughter  spies  with  third  eye, 
mod  reports  to  mother,  who  iben  feigns  illness,  and  safs  she  mast  have  mutCon 
from  black  Kheep  lo  cure  her.  Heroine  overhears  father  promising  to  kill 
blkck  sheep,  and  runs  to  the  fold  to  lell  it.^(6)  Black  sheep  bids  her  be  com- 
forted, get  its  liver,  and  bury  it  in  the  garden.  Stepmother  is  delighted  to 
have  Ihwarled  heroine,  &nd  meaning  to  give  her  the  norst  part  of  the  sheep, 
Myt,  "Here!  take  the  liver;  that's  good  enough  for  you."— (7)  Heroine 
buries  it  in  garden,  and  a  tree  springs  from  the  spot,  so  high  ihat  no  ladder 
will  reach  the  top  branches,  and  so  ilippeiT  that  none  can  climb  it.  It  bean 
moat  lempling  fruit,  which  only  Annette  can  pick,  for  the  brunches  bend 
down  to  her  alone. — (8)  King's  son  passes  by,  and  desires  the  fruit.  None 
can  pick  it  for  him.  At  last  he  promises  to  many  the  daughter  of  any  person 
who  can  pick  him  some.  Fathers,  mothers,  girls,  and  nil  try,  but  in  vain. — 
(9]  Stepmother  has  a  long  ladder  made,  and  places  it  at  foot  of  tree,  but  it  is 
some  feet  short  of  the  lowest  branches.  She  stands  on  the  very  lop  rung,  and 
siretchcs  Up  on  lip-loe  lo  reach  Iruil,  but  loses  her  balance,  and  breaks  her 
neck.  This  fnlalily  discourages  the  most  ambitious,  and  prince  nearly  dies  of 
longing  for  the  fruit.  Heroine  lakes  pity  on  bim,  and  carries  a  large  basket- 
ful to  ibe  invalid.— (10)  I'rince  maciies  her. 


WIG  Bechstein,  Deutsclies  M(ire}unbuch.     I>ipzig,   1846. 
Pp.  J42-44- 


She  steepi 


"ASCHENBRODKL," 
(1)  Heroine  is  ill. treated  by  step-mother  and  two  step-siste 
in  garret ;  mutt  rise  early  and  do  all  mental  work  and  cook.  She  sits  in  [he 
ashes  on  kitchen-hearth,  and  is  mockingly  called  Aschenbrodelcben. — (i)  Father 
goes  to  fair  and  asks  what  presents  he  shall  bring  for  step-daughiers.  One 
chaoses  beautiful  dress,  the  other  pearls  and  jewels.  Heroine  begs  for  green 
baiel  twig,  and  plants  it  on  mother's  grave,  and  waters  it  daily  with  her  tears. 
Twig  grovi^  very  last  into  beautiful  little  tree  ;  bird  perches  in  branches  and 
looks  pityingly  on  heroine. — (3}  King  gives  festival,  and  ail  young  girls  are 
ioviled  thai  bis  son  may  choose  bride.  Slepsulers  dress  gorgeously,  waited 
on  by  heroine.  She  ventures  to  ask  leave  10  go  also,  but  is  laughed  at,  seeing 
she  has  neither  dress  nor  shoes.  Stepmolher  throws  dish  of  lentils  in 
the  ashes,  saying  heroine  may  go  if  she  can  sort  them  in  two  hoara.  Heroine 
goes  to  baiel-tree,  and  calls  on  bird  and  on  doves  to  come  and  son  grain, 
patting  good  in  pot  and  bad  in  crap.  A  crowd  of  doves  and  other  birds  come 
■nd  perform  task.  Stepmother  is  very  angry  when  heroine  brings  lentils,  and 
shakes  two  dishes  more  into  Ihe  ashes,  to  be  sorted  in  two  hours.  Heroine 
weeps,  bat  calls  birds,  "ho  quickly  perform  task.    Still  she  is  only  laughed  U 


UAN'TS. 

for  begging  to  go,  juid  is  left  behind.    Then  slie  goes  weeping  i< 
flics  donn  and  Eaj-s, 

"  My  de*te>t  child,  O  tell  to  me 
Whate'er  you  wish,  I'll  send  it  thee." 


"  Quikc  and  shake,  deor  little  tr 
Throw  lovely  r: 

(i)  Then  there  descend  a  lovely  dress  with  costly  shoej  «nd  stockings,  which  I 
heroine  quickly  dons,  and  goes  to  ball,  where  no  one  knows  her  but  all  idmiR:.  I 
and  the  king's  son  dances  with  hei  alone.     He  would  fallow  her  home,  but   I 
she  escapes  him,  lays  ctothei  on  grave,  and  returns  to  the  ashes.    Dress  and 
shoes  disappear  initantly.— (5)  Ait  happens  Ihos  twice  ;  but  the  third  time,  hi 
her  flight  heroine  lo<es  a  shoe,  and  the  king,  who  is  following,  picks  it  up  and 
proclaims  that  he  will  wed  none  but  the  maiden  who  can  wear  lliis  little  golden 
shoe.     It  is  tried  from  bouse  to  house.     Stepsisters  try  in  vain,  and  prince 
asks  if  there  is  not  a  third  daughier.     Faiher  says  yes,  but  aiepmotber  pro- 
I  be  shown.     Prince  insists,  and  heroine  washes  hereeiraiid 
appears,  looking  even  in  her  ash.grey  skirt  more  lovely  than  iteplisteis. — 
(6)  She  slips  shoe  on  ;  prince  recognises  her,  takes  her  to  castle,  and  marriei 
her.    On  the  wedding-day  she  wenis  golden  dress  and  golden  crown.  ^-(7)  On 
the  way  to  church,  stepsisters,  full  of  envy,  walk  on  ber  tight  and  left,  and  the    , 
little  bird  from  bnzel-ttee  pecks  out  ui  eye  of  each.     Reluming,  it  pecks  1 
the  other  eye  of  each,  so  that  their  evil  deeds  are  punished  with  blindness. 


DoM.  Giuseppe  Bernoni,  J'iaie  popoiari  Vtntz,iane.     ^''eneria, 
1873.    Story  No.  VIII,  pp.  36-44.     (In  dialect.) 

L  CoNZA-SrNARE"  (The  Cinder- Wench). 

(i)  King  and  queen  have  three   daughteti.    Both   parents  die,  and  the    ' 

elder  danghten  ill'Ireat  youngest,  beating  her  and  giving  her  neither  food  no 
clothing,  all  because  she  is  more  beautiful  than  they.  Heroine  determines  ti 
leave  home  and  lake  service  somewhere. — (l)  A  fairy  meets  her,  asks  where 
she  is  going  all  alone,  and  hearing  her  story,  gives  her  ■  wand  which  will  pro. 
ducewhatcver  she  warns. — (3)  Heroine  goes  on  and  arrives  at  king's  palace. 
Queen  engages  her  to  do  menial  work,  tend  the  lire  and  scrub  the  hearth. 
One  day  queen's  son  g;oes  into  kitchen,  and  seeing  heroine  cleaning  the  hearth 
rf),  says,  "  What  are  yon  doing.  ConiaSenate?  Mind  yon  don't 
touch  anything,  for  the  very  sight  of  you  makes  me  sick."  She  falls  in  love 
with  him. — (4}  One  day  prince  tells  his  mother  that  he  wishes  lo  give  ball  and 
be  oil  his  royal  acquain lances.  The  Conza  Senare  hearing  him,  says  softly. 
"  I  ihsU  go  too."  Prince  asks  what  she  lays.  "Oh,  nothing."  The  guesU 
iriive  and  heroine  strikes  her  wand,  and  asks  for  dress  like  the  sky,  covered 
with  golden  stars,  a  grand  carriage  and  pair  of  horses  with  gold  trappings  t 


BERNONl,  167 

■Ito  for  Mmnti  and  a  bag  or  sand.  She  goes  to  ball,  and  prince  dances  vnQi 
her  all  the  time  ;  ailu  who  she  is.  "  I  am  the  Conza-Senare."  He  cannot 
undcntand  her.  She  etcapes  at  end  of  dance,  and  prince  rushes  to  tell 
ECrraatt  to  Tallow  quickly  and  see  where  she  end.  They  follow  caiiiage,  and 
heroine  thrawi  sand  and  blmds  them.  They  return  and  tell  prince.  Heroine 
takes  wand  and  ttuisforms  magic  dress  to  rags.^j)  Next  morning  prince 
tells  mother  of  the  loiely  lady  at  balL  Hetoinc  overhearing,  says  rapidly, 
" 'Twas  I,"  but  prince  says  he  cannot  understand  her  mumbling,  and 
bids  her  mind  her  business  and  be  silent.  In  a  few  days  there  is  another  ball, 
which  herome  atlendl.  This  lime  she  has  dress  of  pearls  and  diamonds,  and 
a  carriage  with  four  hones,  and  she  lakes  with  her  a  bag  of  money.  Prince 
■iks  again  who  she  is,  and  gels  same  reply,  which  he  cannot  understand. 
When  she  leaves  he  sends  servants  to  follow  her,  and  she  ecatlets  so  much 
money  that  ihey  quite  lose  sight  of  her  whilst  picking  it  up. — (6)  Next 
morning  he  is  telling  his  mother  euerylhing.  when  heroine  interrupts  as  before, 
and  seizing  the  longs,  he  strikes  her  on  the  head.  After  some  days  there  is  a 
third  ball,  which  heroine  attends  as  before,  and  haiiog  a  mantle  like  the  sun, 
to  daziling  that  none  can  look  at  it.  King  watches  from  the  balcony  for  her 
coming,  again  asks  her  name,  and  gets  the  same  unintelligible  reply.  He  puts 
a  ring  on  her  finger  before  she  escapes.  Servants  follow  and  are  blinded  with 
the  sand  she  throws.  She  also  ihcows  one  diamond  shoe,  wbich  they  lake  to 
prince. — (7)  He  falls  sick,  lakes  to  his  bed,  and  lells  mother  he  most  die. 
He  asks  her  to  prepare  him  some  food,  and  to  be  sure  that  the  dirty  Conza- 
Senare  does  not  touch  it.  Queen  watches  carefully  by  the  tire  whilst  the 
gruel  is  cooking,  but  turns  her  head  one  moment,  and  then  heroine  throws  in 
the  ring.  Queen  lakes  gruel  to  prince,  assuring  him  that  none  but  herself  has 
tonched  it  He  begins  10  eat,  linds  ring,  and  after  questioning  mother,  sends 
for  the  Conu-Senare,  who  is  not  to  be  found. — (8)  For  iJeroine  has  gone  to 
clothe  herself  in  splendour  by  aid  of  magic  wand,  then  goes  to  prince  and 
says,  "Here  is  the  Conza-Senare  whom  you  struck  on  the  head  with  the 
tongs,  whom  yon  have  always  called  ugly  names,  and  with  whom  you  danced 
at  three  balls.  Where  is  my  shoe?"  Prince  then  tries  shoe  and  ring,  and 
finding  both  61,  falls  on  his  knees  and  begs  her  foigiveoess.  They  are 
married. 


I 


/fiid.    So.  XIV,  pp.  68-74.     (In  dialect.) 
"  Come  'i.  Bon  Sale"  (Like  Crfiod  Salt). 

(1)  A  king  calls  his  three  daughters,  and  asks  each  how  much  she  loves 
him.  First  says,  "  As  much  as  good  bread"  ;  second,  "  As  much  as  good 
wine"  ;  and  yoongesl  says,  "  Like  good  sail."  —(i)  Father  is  angry,  calls  bis 
inoai  tnuty  servant,  and  bids  him  lake  youngest  daughter  to  some  desert 
place,  there  kill  her,  then  bring  him  her  eyes  and  heart.  Servant  tells  heroine 
iny  him,   and,  when  they   have 


meadow,  eiplaii 


his  n 


She  b^s  for  her  life,   and  t 


Z  at  that 


l68  CINnERELLA  VARIANTS. 

moment  i  dog,  semnt  kills  it  in  her  stead,  and  tabes  its  eyes  and  fa 
king. — (3I  Heroine  left  alone,  begins  lo  weep.  Presently  she  tneel*  an  old 
woman,  who  comforls  her,  and  give*  hera  wanit,  which,  placed  in  her  bosonii 
will  mike  her  look  iike  an  old  woman. — (4)  She  then  directs  her  to  s  palace, 
where  she  is  engaged  lo  tend  the  poaltry.  Heroine  is  not  allowed  lo  sleep  in 
the  hnute,  but  must  live  In  an  unlinished  oat-honte  hard  by.  In  the  erming 
queen's  son  t<oing  to  inspect  new  building,  finds  old  woman  crying,  and  a.>^ki 
if  she  is  not  satisfied  with  her  service.  Hertiine  replies  she  h  weeping  over 
her  misfortunes,  and  he  bids  her  take  courage. — (5}  A  little  while  aflerwatds 
prince  passes  again,  and  still  hears  sobbing.  Heroine,  wishing  to  try  powers 
of  wand,  takes  it  from  her  bosom,  and  immediately  is  young  nod  beautiful 
as  before.  Then,  thinking  of  her  sorry  fate,  she  weeps  anew.  Prince  makes 
little  hole  in  the  wall  wiih  a  gimlet,  lo  spy  what  old  woman  does;  sees 
instead  fl  lovely  princess.  Goes  and  tells  mother  that  il  is  no  old  woman  who 
minds  the  fowls. — (G)  They  go  ingelher  to  see  her,  and  prince  begs  her  lo 
marry  him  in  fifteen  days.  She  consents,  and  asks  as  a  favour  (hat  every 
king  round  about  shall  be  invited  to  the  wedding,  and  that  a  cerlain  king 
whom  she  will  point  out  shall  sit  by  her,  and  have  all  his  food  prepared  with- 
out salt.— (7)  Her  wish  is  granted,  and  on  the  wedding-day  bride  notices 
that  the  king,  having  lasted  the  fare,  will  eat  nothing,  but  sits  and  sighs,  and 
at  tost  she  asks  why.  King  has  been  looking  hard  at  bride,  who  reminds  him 
of  his  own  daughter,  and  at  last  says  that  be  now  realises  the  value  of  his 
daughter's  love,  tells  of  his  harsh  treatment  of  her,  and  her  unhappy  fate. 
I  Icroine  asks  if  the  servant  is  still  living.  King  says  yes,  but  is  not  to  blame, 
since  he  only  obeyed  orders.  Heroine  reveals  herself,  and  king  begs  for  for- 
giveness.     Faithful  servant  il  rewarded. 


I  21  Bihlioteca  de  las  Iradicioms  pi>pulnr(s  Espaholas,  torn,  i,  |i.  114. 
(Collected  by  Sefior  Don.  Th.  H.  Moore  of  Snnt.t  Ju-ina,  iti 
Chile.) 

"  Maria  la  Cenicienta." 

(l)  Man  has  daughter  named  Maria,  who  goes  daily  to  neighbour's  house 
for  lire.  Neighbour  is  kind  lo  heroine,  gives  her  honey-sops,  and  induces  her 
to  persuade  father  to  marry  her.— (i)  Then  stepmother,  who  has  daughler  of 
her  own,  also  tumed  Maria,  ill-treats  heroine,  clothes  ber  in  rags,  thniu  hei 
into  kitchen,  and  nicknames  her  Cinder- wEnch.~(j)  Heroine  has  a  pet  cow  ■ 
slepmother  makes  husband  give  her  daughter  one  too  ;  then  inti'tt  that 
heroioe's  cow  shall  be  slain  because  she  is  always  playing  with  il. — (4)  Cow 
comforts  heroine ;  bids  her,  after  its  death,  wash  entrails  in  the  river.  Inside 
she  will  find  magic  wand,  which  she  must  keep  hidden,  and  lied  round  her 
waist.  Heroine  does  as  bidden,  and  finds  wand,  but  cnlratis  get  carried  away 
by  the  stream. — [5)  She  weeps  thereat,  fearing  atepmothei's  anger.  Old 
woman  dressed  in  blue  appears,  sends  her  to  hut  on  river-bank,  and  bids  her 
go  to  sleep.  Before  sleeping,  heroine  tidies  hut,  lights  fire,  and  cooks  dinner. 
Meanwhile  old  woman  restores  tia;  of  entrails,  leaving  them  at  dooi  of  hut. — 


I 


^ 


UlllLIOTl'^A    DK    L\S   TKAD.    POP,    F^PANOI.AS.  lf)t) 

(6)  neroine  retums  home  with  itir  on  her  brow,  irbich  cannot  be  rcinoved  by 
itepniolhcr's  scrabbinj;.  She  muit  hide  it  with  a  rag. — (7)  Slepsuter,  wish- 
ing to  get  the  same,  has  het  cow  Eliin,  anil  j^oes  to  wash  enttnils.  Sbe 
pushes  Iny  down  stream,  and  pretends  to  weep.— (S)  Old  woman  in  blue 
appears,  lends  hei  to  hut  to  sleep,  promising  meanwhile  to  recover  tra;-  Stcp- 
lislet  is  dLsgusted  with  st^ualor  of  hut ;  won't  condescend  to  sleep  in  iL — (9) 
Presently  she  finds  tray  at  itie  door,  and  returns  home  with  turkey-cock's 
crest  on  her  loiehead.  Her  mother  covers  it  with  iilk  kerchief.— (10)  There 
ia  a  ball  at  court ;  by  means  of  magic  wand,  heroine  appears  at  it  with 
gorBCOus  dresa  and  equipage. — (11)  She  dance*  with  prince,  and  aFterwardt,  in 
ber  haste  to  escape  from  him,  drops  one  of  her  glass  slippers. — [ll)  Next  day 
prince  sends  servants  from  house  to  house  to  find  owner  of  slipper ;  for  he 

intends  to  marry  whomsoever  it  tits (13)  Stepmother  makes  own  daughter 

bind   up    her    feet    in    tight   bandages.     Hides    heioine    ander    kneading- 
— (14)  When  servants  arrive  to  try  shoe,  stepsister's  little  dog  cries 

"  Bow-wow,  wow  I 
Turkey-crest  is  on  the  dais  now. 
"Neath  the  bread -trough  is 
Slar-on-bfow." 


I  Heroine  is  brought  forth  :  the  shoe  lits  her 
I  unbandagea  her  forehead. — (15)  Sbe  is  at  in 


She  produces  the  fellow,  and 
e  recognised  as  the  ball  beauty. 


I  J^id.,  vol.  viii,  p.  1 75.     Cuenlo  No.  I.     (Taken  down  literally  by    210^ 
Seiior  L.  Gitier  Ativan,  as  narrated  by  a  poor  woman,  aged 
about  38,  named  Rosa  Femdndez  of  Proaza,  a  small  village  in 
the  province  of  Oviedo,  who  had  cotne  to  Madrid  lo  service. 
She  could  read  but  badly.) 

"  Xuan6n  del  CORTEzds"  (Johnny  of  the  Bark). 
(1)  King  a&kt  hii  three  daughters  how  much  they  love  him.  Eldest  says. 
As  the  goat  the  knife" ;  the  second,  "  As  the  blood  the  bread" ;  the  third, 
"As  the  bread  the  salt."— (l)  King  is  satisfied  with  the  two  elder,  but  irri- 
tated with  the  third,  and  delivers  her  to  four  servants  to  be  put  to  deaih, 
commanding  ilicm  to  bring  him  her  eyes. — (3)  Servants  tnke  pity  on  heroine, 
and  allow  her  to  escape,  on  condition  that  she  ibati  never  relnRi  to  the 
country  1  for  they  would  be  kilh-d  for  disobeying  king.  They  then  catch  a 
bilah,  tear  out  bcr  tyei,  and  with  these  delude  king,— (4)  Heroine  goes  on 
■nd  on,  meets  a  shepherd  poorly  clad,  buys  his  clothes  for  disguise,  and 
puts  her  own  inio  a  tnindle. — (5)  She  reaches  a  palace,  and  is  engaged  as 
boy  to  mind  turkeys.  Every  day  she  lakes  them  to  the  fields.  Growing  tired 
of  solitude,  she  goes  to  welt  in  field,  doFTs  shepherd's  disguise,  dons  roynl  dress, 
•nd  admires  her  reflection  in  the  water.  Turkeys  stand  and  stare,  and  for"'-* 
to  eal  ;   wherefore  every  day  the  oldest  one  dies,  and  heroine  carries  dea^ 


170  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

home  cacb  night,  explaining  to  king's  son  that  tbey  die  ii 
resolves  in  spy,  (allows  the  Hoctc,  sod  hides  behind  tree.  Heroine  changes 
clothes  as  usual,  and  prince  falls  in  love,  and  determines  he  must  wed  her. — 
(;|  lie  goes  home,  tells  cook  he  feels  ill  and  cannot  eat,  but  will  have  a  cup  of 
biolb,  which  "Johnny  of  the  Bark"  (as  lurkey-herd  is  called),  and  no  one  else, 
must  bring  him.  Cook  mokes  objeciions,  e>:p1iuning  that  Johnny  is  so  filthy. 
For,  feaiin^  discovery,  heroine  has  been  wont  on  returning  from  lieHs  to 
acntch  hcrtetf,  then  thiow  into  the  fire  hondfiils  of  salt,  which  crackled  u 
though  they  were  lice,  so  as  to  be  driven  into  datk  corner.  Prince  nevenhetesa 
iuisu,  and  cook  goes  to  kitchen  to  leU  Johnny  10  clean  himself  reaJy  to  carry 
broth  to  prince.  Johnny  goes  most  reluctantly  ;  prince  ia  immedialely  better 
on  seeing  her,  bids  her  »il  near  him.  and  confesses  that  he  has  spied  her,  and 
fallen  in  love,  and  will  marry  her,  whoever  she  is.  Heroine  tells  her  history.*- 
(S)  All  neighbouting  kings  are  inviied  to  wedding.  1  leroine's  father  comet  ; 
doesnot  recognise  her.  thinking  her  dead.  She  lias  large  loaf,  without  salt, 
made  for  him  alone.  He  does  not  eat  it  ;  prince  asks  why,  and  heating 
reason,  says,  "  Bui  1  am  lold  your  Highness  put  youi  daughter  to  dealb  for 
saying  she  loved  you  as  bread  loves  salt."  King  confesses  hia  repentance,  and 
would  give  half  his  kingdom  to  have  her  alive      Prince  sht  ' 

king  falls  dead  from  sudden  joy. 


)    Bl.Aot,    Contts  populairts  recutiUis  tn  Agenais.      Paris,    18 
Pp.  1-8.     (Narrated  by  Catherine  Sustrac.) 

"  pEAtt  d'Ane." 

(■}  Father  of  three  dpughlcrs  is  one  day  woikipg  in  the  field,  when  va 
Irom  nut-tree  says,  "  Unless  you  give  me  one  of  your  daughters  in  mantag 
shall  devour  you."  Father  a^ks  who  speaks  ;  voice  replies,  "  I  am  king  of 
France."  Father  pioroises  one  of  his  daughters  should  she  consent — (>| 
Father  goes  home  and  to  bed.  Eldest  daughter  asks  what  ails  him.  Father 
says  she  can  cute  him  by  marrying  king  of  France  ;  but  she  will  not.  Next 
day  father  reluros  to  work  in  field,  voice  accosts  him  as  before,  and  he  saya 
eldest  daughter  refuses,  but  he  will  ask  second.  Returns  home  and  goes  to 
bed. — (3)  Second  daughter  lends  him,  but  declines  to  marry  king  of  Fiance. 
Next  day,  when  father  goes  to  work,  and  voice  threatens  him  as  before,  he 
promises  youngest  danghter,  and  retumi  home  and  goes  to  bed. — (4)  In  order 
to  cure  father,  youngest  daughter  consents  to  mury  kirg  of  Fiance,  but  he 
must  first  give  her  a  dress  like  the  sky,  another  like  the  moon,  a  Ihiril  hke  the 
sun,  alto  a  golden  plate  and  goblet,  and  a  knife  and  fork  of  gold  ;  a  golden 
'rp/,  and  twelve  golden  spindle*  with  the  gauge- plate  (yf/iA™).  "  \'uu  shall  have 
them  all,"  says  the  king  of  France,  who  is  listening  at  ihe  door, — (5)  Present* 
arrive  next  day,  and  marriage  is  celebrated  in  a  fortnight. — (6)  On  leaving 
church  king  lellt  bride  he  is  setting  out  on  a  long  journey,  and  if  he  doesnot 
return  in  nine  years  she  must  seek  him.  Bride  waits  eight  yean  and  one 
month,  then  begins  quest.      After  ibiee  days  she  &nds  ass's  skin  in  the  road. 


BLAP*;. 


171 


■ad  pub  It  round  ber. — (J]  In  three  more  days  ihe  reaches  stream  where 
tromen  are  WBihuii;  clothes,  and  inquire^  ir  llicy  have  seen  king  of  France, 
They  point  to  church  id  which  he  is  being  mattied  to  beautiful  gicL  Peau 
d'Ane  thanks  ihtm,  and  in  retunl  for  information  offers  to  help  wash.  They 
giie  her  a  cloth  black  ai  soot,  which  she  immediately  lenders  pure  white.' — (S) 
Pein  d'Ane  then  goes  to  church,  meet*  king  of  France  coming  out,  and  asks  if 
he  lemembeiE  what  he  said  to  her  father  in  the  field  (lepealing  his  words). 
He  doa  not  answer,  and  she  says  the  same  again.  Priest  adjares  htm  to  con- 
fess if  he  has  been  tnanied  before.  King  of  France  says  No.  Pean  d'Ane  is 
sileaE  till  biide  comes  out ;  then  asks  her  if  she  wants  servuil  ;  is  engaged  as 
ifccy-gitt,  and  follows  king  and  queen  to  castle— (9)  Bigs  queen  10  let  her 
It  night  wiih  king,  and  bribes'  her  to  conienl  with  gift  of  golden  knife- 
^k,  and  plate  and  goblet.  All  night  she  asks  king  if  he  remembers  Ms 
u  her  father  (repeating  them) ;  but  queen  has  given  sleeping-draught'  to 
5«nd  he  does  not  reply.— (10)  Neil  morning  queen  sends  her  to  mind 
OtlieyE  till  night,  when  again  she  obuins  queen's  permission  to  sleep  with  king, 
n  return  tor  golden  Irvi,  and  twelve  golden  spindles  and  gauge^plale.  All 
night  she  questions  as  before,  bat  queen  his  againgiven  him  a  sleeping-draught, 
■nd  he  does  not  aiuwer. — (II)  Neit  morning  Peau  d'Ane  is  sent  to  mind 
toikeys  i  makes  the  same  request  at  night,  and  gives  queen  the  dresses  like  the 
aky  and  like  the  moon.  Queen  has  given  a  less  potent  sleeping  draught  to 
king,  and  when  Peau  d'Ane  a5k<:  him  if  he  remembers  what  he  said  to  her 
father  in  the  field,  he  replies,  weeping,  "Yes,  I  remember." — (11)  Next 
morning  Peau  d'Ane  gets  up,  and  when  queen  enters  to  send  her  after  the 
ttttkejB,  she  finds  her  clad  in  robe  like  the  sun.  King  says  to  her,  "  Queen, 
would  you  rather  be  a  man's  first  or  second  wife?"  "  His  Erst,"  she  sayi. 
"  Take  then  your  golden  knife  and  fork,  plale  and  goblet ;  take  Ihe  tral,  and 
the  twelve  golden  spindles,  and  gauge-plalc  ;  take  Ihe  robe  like  the  sky.  Mid 
the  robe  like  the  moon,  and  return  to  your  parents."  And  the  queen  goe*  to 
Ihe  stable,  has  the  hotie  saddled,  and  returns  to  her  home,  while  Peau  d'Ane 
remains  ill  the  castle,  and  is  queen  in  her  stead. 


I 


Mid.,  pp.  31-41. 

"The  TuHKEv-niRL." 

(I)  An  old  king,  who  is  very  fond  of  salt,  has  three  miriiageabte  daughters. 
He  calls  his  servant,  who  is  kneading  in  bake-house,  to  contult  him  pnvalely. 
Servant  objects  to  receive  contideoce,  unless  no  one  else  shares  it.  King  says 
It  shall  be  secret  between  ihem.  Bids  him  fetch  lawyer,  meaning  to  divide 
property  amongst  three  daughlen,  only  reserving  pension  for  himself.  Ser. 
vsnt  says  a  man  without  possessions  is  quickly  despised,  and  couniels  him  to 
keep  hi)  land,  and  give  tuicable  marriage- portions  to  daughleri.      King  has 


171  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 

canGdence  in  dangliters'  love,  bat  will  put  th«m  to  (he  proof,  : 
itiiviscB  iL— (2)  Daugblera  are  called,  and  rather  asks  il  they  lave 
biin.  Two  elder  dauEli'"*  feply,  "More  Ihan  anything  in  the  wotld," 
\'oiingest  daughter  says  she  loves  her  Tather  a*  much  as  he  loves  salt.  Father 
orders  her  to  her  room  for  insulting  him,  and  elder  daughters  agree  that  she 
merits  death.  Father  goes  to  bake-house  and  tells  servant,  then  bids  him 
fetch  lawyer  to  divide  property  between  elder  daughters,  and  executioner  to 
settle  youngest.  Servant  objects,  saying  daughters  should  be  jodged  by  deedi, 
not  won^B.— (3)  King  threatens  him,  and  he  consents  to  (elch  lawyer,  but 
undertakes  htniself  to  be  executioner  of  youngest  daughter.  He  will  take 
her  to  forest  and  kill  her,  and  biing  bock  her  tongue  a«  token  of  death. 
Elder  daughters  choose  husbands,  and  king  givei  half  of  hii  property  to  each, 
telling  lawyer  to  write  OH  deed  that  king  is  to  live  half  each  year  with  one 
daughter,  and  half  with  the  uther.  Lawyer,  secretly  bribed  by  daughters, 
omits  this  reservation. —(4)  Servant  puts  chain  round  youngest  daughter's 
neck,  and  takes  her  to  lotett.  calling  dog  to  (ollow.  Arrived  there,  he  show* 
bundle  of  rich  clothes  that  he  has  brought  for  her,  also  peount's  dresi,  which 
she  is  to  wear.  Takes  her  to  king's  castle,  where  he  had  previously  been  in 
■crrice,  and  persuades  queen  to  engine  her  to  mind  turkeys.  She  lives  in 
little  mom  under  stnir-case.—fj)  Servant  returns  to  old  king,  taking  tongue 
of  dog,  which  he  has  killed  on  way  home.  King  is  satisfied,  and  gives  one 
hundred  louis  at  reward  ;  but  servant  is  only  content  with  twice  that  amount, 
and  Bsks  for  the  same  also  from  each  daughter.— (6)  Neil  day  elderdaughten 
marty,  take  possession  of  castle,  and  turn  father  out.  He  protests,  but  sees 
lawyer  has  not  drawn  up  deed  as  he  ordered.  Father  leaves  castle,  meets 
servant,  who  says  he  will  attend  him  and  serve  him  for  nothing ;  and  fetches 
his  bundle,  and  let*  forth  with  king.  After  seven  days'  wandering,  they 
reach  small  farm,  which  servant  buys  for  master  to  live  in,  while  he  works  in 
the  fields, — {7)  Meanwhile  youngest  daughter  falls  in  love  with  master's  son, 
a  handsome  prince  ;  but  he  will  not  notice  her,  Carnival  b^^s,  and  prince 
goes  every  night  to  balls  in  neighbouring  castles.  Turkey-girl  feigns  illness, 
and  goes  to  bed,  but  escapes  secretly  to  stable,  saddles  horse,  and  givet  bim 
double  feed  of  corn.  Then  dresses  in  beautiful  clothes  brought  from  home, 
combs  her  hair  with  golden  comb,  and  puts  on  red  morocco  shoex.  Mounts 
horse,  and  gallops  to  castle  where  prince  has  gone  to  bail.  Musicians  ceaie 
playing  to  look  at  her,  and  everyone  wonders  who  she  is.  Frince  dances  with 
her,  but  at  lirst  stroke  of  midnight  she  leaves  him,jumpson  hone,  and  gallop* 
off.  Next  day  she  miodi  turkeys  as  usual,  and  prince,  going  hunting,  remarks, 
as  he  posses,  bow  much  she  resembles  stranger  at  ball. — (8)  Next  night  every- 
thing happens  as  before,  and  the  third  night  the  same. — (9)  Only  this  dme, 
in  escaping  at  midnight,  heroine  drops  right  shoe.  Pnnce  picks  it  up,  and 
tries  it  on  all  ladies  11  ball,  but  it  is  too  small  for  them.  Takes  it  home,  and 
tells  father  he  is  in  love  with  owner  of  (hoe,  and  if  she  is  not  found  he  will 
go  far  away,  and  enter  monastery. — {lo)  King  sends  for  drummer,  and  bids 
him  proclaim  that  prince  will  marry  whomsoever  shoe  fits.  Coslle  is  filled 
with  applicants,  but  none  can  wear  shoe. — [11)  Turkey-gitl  laughs.  Prince 
grand  ladies  deride  hei. 


4 


BLADE. — BOKDESON.  1 73 

She  pretends  to  cry»  but  shoe  slips  instantly  on  to  her  foot.  Then  she  bids 
all  wait  while  she  runs  to  put  on  fellow  shoe  and  splendid  dress.  King  says 
she  must  wed  his  son,  but  she  will  not  without  her  father's  consent — (12) 
Father  at  the  farm  has  often  bemoaned  death  of  youngest  daughter,  till 
servant  at  last  tells  how  he  saved  her  life.  They  set  out  to  seek  turkey-girl, 
and  in  seven  days  arrive  at  castle.  Father  greets  king,  tells  his  story,  and 
wishes  to  claim  his  daughter.— (13)  King  cannot  give  her  up.  Heroine  is 
called,  and  father  asks  if  she  freely  consents  to  marry  prince.  Heroine  says 
yes,  but  he  must  first  drive  out  her  sisters,  and  restore  fother  to  his  castle. 
This  IS  done,  and  elder  daughters  and  their  husbands  are  hanged,  and  left  a 
prey  to  birds. — (14)  Father  takes  possession  of  castle.  Grand  preparations 
made  for  wedding  of  prince  and  heroine.  Servant  is  bidden  to  choo&e  a  bride 
for  himself,  and  to  sit  with  her  at  royal  table. 


Jean-Francois  Blade,  Contes populaires  de  la  Gascogfu,  Paris, 
1886.  Vol.  i,  pp.  251-66.  (Dictated  by  Marianne  Bense  of 
Passage-d'Agen,  Lx)t-et-Garonne,  over  seventy-five  years  of  age, 
and  for  many  years  servant  to  the  AbW  Blad^,  uncle  of  the 
collector.) 

"  La  Gardeuse  de  Dindons." 

(This  story  resembles  No.  211,  ^.  t/.) 


Ibid,y  vol.  i,  pp.  267-74. 

"Peau  d'Ane." 

(This  story  resembles  No.  275,  q,  v,) 

[Note. — "  I  have  heard  recited  in  la  Gascogne  and  in  Agen,  two  entirely 
distinct  versions  of  Peau  d'Ane.  The  above  was  written  from  the  dictation  of 
Catherine  Sustrac  of  Sainte-Eulalie,  Canton  Roque-Timbaut  (Lot-et-Garonne). 
There  is  another  version  of  Peau  d'Ane  in  la  Gascogne  and  in  Agen,  exactly 
resembling  Perrault*s.  Those  who  told  it  to  me  had  it  direct,  or  through 
intermediaries  from  readers  of  Perrault." — Blad£] 


AvGVST  BosDESOif,  Ifisforieguddar  pa  £>a/,      Stockholm,   1886.    276 

P.  22. 

"  Prinsassan  I  Jordkulan"  (The  Princess  in  the  Cave). 

(i)  King  has  daughter  whom  a  prince  woos.  King,  not  liking  prince,  has 
cave  dug  in  forest,  and  encloses  heroine  in  it,  giving  her  seven  maidens  and  a 
little  dog,  also  victuals,  candles,  and  firewood  to  last  seven  years.— (2)  By  the 


174 


::!MDh;KeLU\  VARlAt 


end  of  Ihnt  time,  the  seven  miiidens  having  died  ajid  the  provisions  being 
spent,  heroine  begins  digging  way  out.  When  bole  is  made  she  puU  lilllc  dog 
through,  s.Dd  it  scrapes  rcom  the  outside,  while  heroine  works  from  inside,  till 
opening  is  large  enough  for  her  to  s<jueeie  Ihroogh.— [3]  A  bear  meets  her  tnd 
olfrii  to  carry  her  to  fellow-creatures,  if  allowed  to  eat  dog, — (4)  Heroine 
reluctantly  accepts  conditions,  and  bear  carries  her  to  charcoal- burner,  through 
whom  she  obtains  situation  as  poullrygirl  at  castle.— <5)  King  is  about  to 
marry,  and  bride  persuades  heroine  to  take  her  place  on  wedding-day,  bung 
about  lo  bear  a  child.'  As  they  ride  to  church  heroine's  har»  strikes  his  shoe 
against  a  stone.     She  »;s : 


King  askf  what  she  said,  and  she  replies,  "  I  was  only  talking  to  my  maid." 
Presently  they  pass  a  large  ship  belonging  to  heroine's  father,  which  will  not 
stir  unless  called  by  name     Heroine  says  : 

"  Big  Bomaruia,  here  you  stay  I 
Wave-tost  you've  sailed  full  many  a  day 
from  my  dear  father's  home  away." 

I m mediately  the  ship  begins  to  move,  splitting  ihe  waves  before  her.      Kmg 
again  asks  what  she  said,  and  has  same  reply.     Then  they  pass  a  bridge,  and 
king  tells  her  it  will  never  remain  stationary  for  a  wedding-partjt  la  cross  it, 
unlesi  both  bride  and  bridegroom  are  of  royal  blood.     Heroine  says: 
"!JlBnd  tirmly,  bridge,  and  firmly  bide, 
While  two  roya!  children  o'er  thee  ride." 

They  reach  the  church  before  clergyman,  and  king  asks  heroine  to  tell  bim 
something  whilst  waiting,     ^be  says  -. 

"  Seven  years  in  Ihe  underground  cave  have  I  ])iS5ed, 

All  my  ballads  and  stories  for);eltiog  at  last. 

or  the  things  that  befell  me 

Many  lain  could  I  tell  thee  1 

How  I  suffered  great  care. 

How  I  rode  on  a  bear, 

How  1  lived  charcoal -burning 

My  daily  bread  eamiog. 

But  as  bride 

Now  1  ride  I 

And  B  prince  I  shall  wed 

In  a  fair  lady's  stead." 

King,  thinking  her  exceedingly  beautiful,  locks  a  gold  chain  round  her  neck, 
keeping  the  key  himself. — (6)  They  return  home,  and  bride  changes  p~ 


«itb  hntune,  an 
beini!  lutpicioiu, 

for  ihe  gold  ch&in. 


It  king's  side.    She  looks  pale  and  exhausted,  u)d  king, 


in^uii 


wbal  things  ihe  ni 


a  cburch.      She  does 


si  go  each  time  to  Oik  her  maid.  At  length  king  aski 
"My  miid  bus  ii."  "You  lie  !  "  jays  the  king  ;  "  no 
one  can  unlock  it."  He  command!  all  Ihe  women  in  the  castle  to  appear  ;  all 
come,  except  the  pouliry-g  il.  King  is  sure  there  must  be  somebody  led,  and 
bride  says  I  here  is  only  the  dirlypoulfry-girl.— (7)  She  is  fetched,  and  the  king 
instantly  recognises  ber  ai  the  bride,  to  whom  he  u  mairried.  He  ii  the  prince, 
her  former  wooer. 


A.  BONDESON,  Svcnsia  J-'olk-Sagor.     Stockholm,  iSSa. 
No.  IV,  p.  16. 

"Salt  og  Bkod"  (Salt  and  Bread). 


marriage,  and  two  wicked 
ipsisler,  sajing  that  she  does 
I  logelher,  he  asks  each  how 
the  first.      "As  my  life," 


I 


<l)  King  has  a  good  daughter  by  sec 
daughters,  who  go  to  biro  calumniating  ibeii 
not  love  lier  father.  One  day,  whrn  they  at 
much  she  valoes  him.  "  As  God  in  heaven, 
»ay«  Ihe  second.  "  At  salt  and  bread,"  says  the  youngest,  making  the  king 
very  angry  that  she  valaes  him  no  mote  than  ibe  poorest  [are  on  a  poor  man's 
lable.  — (2)  She  is  driven  naked  from  borne,  and  seeks  shelter  in  a  wood, 
climbing  a  Iree  to  escape  the  wild  bca^tt— (3)  H«ie  she  sits  crying  bitterly, 
when  a  king  out  bunting  discovers  her  through  the  barking  of  bis  bounds.  !  Ic 
bids  hei  descend,  and  throws  bis  mantle  over  ber  ;  then  lifts  ber  on  his  boisc, 
rides  bome^  and  being  deep  in  love  with  her,  arranges  a  magnifiGenl  wedding, 
and  invilcs  all  the  royally  from  seven  kingdoms. — (4)  Heroine's  father  and 
stepsisters  ate  among  the  guests,  but  do  rot  recognise  btr,  believing  that  the 
wild  beasts  have  loin  her  to  pieces.  Heroine  has  so  contrived  that  neither 
bread  nor  salt  is  fonnd  at  the  sumptuous  wedding-feast.  Her  (albec  says,  "It 
jeems  tome,  the  most  valuable  part  oflbe  fate  is  lacking."  "How  is  that?" 
asks  the  queen.  "Well,  I  mean  salt  and  bread,"  the  king  replies,  "Just  so 
highly  did  I  value  my  father,  and  for  that  was  driven  naked  into  the  wild 
forest  I " — (J)  At  this  the  king  recognises  his  daughter,  and  cries  with  joy. 
He  now  sees  through  the  wiles  of  his  elder  daugbleii,  and  has  them  driven 
naked  into  tbe  forest.     It  has  never  been  told  that  a  king  came  and  married 


3id.,  p.  91.    No.  XXIIL     (From  Varmland  in  Sweden.) 

"Askuncen"  (Little  Cinder-slui). 

(l)  King  lias  one  daughter  and  marries  again.     Stepmother  is  jealous  ol 

heroine,  wbo  is  praised  by  all,  and  mal:cs  her  do  all  menial  work  and  clothes 

her  wretchedly.    Daughteis  of  second  marriage  iU-tieat  heroine,  and  because 

ihe  has  never  time  to  shake  off  the  ashes,  they  call  her  "  Askungen",  Little 


176  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 

CiDder-^tul. — (2)  Foreign  king  gives  iavitations  to  ball ;  queen's  dsngliteTS 
go,  and  heroine,  left  at  home,  looks  wiatfully  after  them  and  bursts  into  Icnn. 
Midwife  appears  and  promises  aid.  She  sends  hetoine  to  felch  pumpkin 
(roro  ijarilen,  touches  it  with  her  wand,  transforming  it  into  fine  ourisge. 
Then  heroine  roust  fetch  rat  trap,  and  the  seven  rats  are  Imniformed  into 
prancing  horses.  Four  calerpilUrs  become  foolmen,  and  a  rat  from  another 
trap  is  made  coichmui  with  long  whiskeis.  Ileroine  Is  touched  with  the 
wand,  and  is  forlhwith  beautifully  dressed.  Midwife  sends  her  to  bait,  caution- 
ing her  lo  lea»e  before  midnight,  when  retransformation  will  late  place. — 
(3)  King  dances  only  with  heroine  and  loads  her  with  sweetmeats,  which  she 
shares  with  stepsisters,  who  are  loud  in  their  prajaes  of  her.  Heroine  leaves 
at  eleven  o'clock. — [4)  Three  days  after  there  is  another  ball,  which  heroine 
attends  as  before.  Thb  lime  she  is  detained,  and  clock  strikes  twelve.  She 
rushes  oH,  losing  a  shoe  ;  her  finery  vanishes,  and  she  is  clad  in  dirty  rags. 
Stepsisters  lell  heroine  what  has  happened  at  ball,  how  watchmen  have  only 
seen  a  filthy  girl  running  by  with  a  shabby  shoe,  no  longer  golden,  but  very 
tiny. — (5)  Shoe  11  tried  everywhere;  at  last  by  stepsisters,  who  cannot  force 
their  feet  into  it. — (G)  Heroine  is  jeered  at  tor  saying  she  will  try  it  on  ;  but 
tUe  shoe  fits  her.  The  midwife  appears,  touches  her  with  wand,  and  lo !  she 
is  the  princess,  and  mairics  the  king. 


4 


|S13    Theophilo    Braga,     Coitus    Tradicionat%    do  Povo    Porluguez. 
[Oporto;  no  date.J     Vol  i,  p.  ii2.     Story  No.  L.     (Told  at  j 
Oporto.) 

"Salt  and  Water." 

[1)  A  kbg  has  three  daughters.  He  ijiiestioDH  each  separately  to  find  out  { 
which  loTes  him  best  Eldest  says,  "  I  love  mj  bther  better  than  the  light  of  tlie 
sun"  ;  the  second.  "  I  love  my  father  belter  than  myself  ;  the  youngest,  "  I 
love  him  as  the  food  loves  the  will."— (i)  King  drives  youngest  daughter  forth. 
— (3)  After  wandering  sorrowfully  through  the  world  heroine  reaches  a  king's 
palace,  and  offers  herself  as  cook.— (4)  One  day  the  king,  on  cutting  open  a  pie, 
finds  a  very  small  but  very  valuable  ring  inside  it.  He  asks  ail  the  ladies  of  1 
(he  court  whose  it  is,  and  tt  is  tried  on  one  and  all  till  the  cook  U  called,  and 
it  only  will  fit  her.  Prince  falls  in  love  with  her  in  consequence,  thinking  the 
must  be  of  noble  bmily.  He  watches  her,  becaose  she  wiU  only  cook  in 
secret,  and  sees  her  clod  like  a  princess.  He  calls  the  king  lo  see  also,  and 
gets  his  permission  to  many  her.— (4)  Heroine  makes  a  condition  that  she 
shall  herself  cook  the  wedding-dinner.  Her  father  ii  inviled  to  the  weddini;, 
and  heroine  purposely  puts  no  tall  in  the  food  to  be  set  before  him.  All  eat 
hcartilv  except  the  king,  who  eats  nothing.  His  host  asks  why.  He  answers, 
"  And  why  is  there  no  salt  in  the  food  ?"  Brid^room's  father  feigns  anger, 
and  sends  for  cook.  Heroine  comet  dressed  like  a  princess,  and  her  lather 
knows  her,  and  acknowledges  his  fault  and  the  injustice  done  her. 


■>7 


YiA'viD'Ru.W^'i./apanisihtAfnrchtniindSagtn.      Leipzig,  1885.    2T 
Pp.  74-78. 


i  THE  Wooden  Bowl." 


(I)  Very  nuuiy  jeii  Jg')  then 
Pamato,  >  caupl 


'n  good  di 


■  little  village  in  the  pravince  of 
Misfortune  beralls  ihem  ; 


hitherto  M 

awl  not  liking  to  live  in  poverty  amongst  For.ner  friends,  they  go  to  distant 
village.  Here  husband  dies,  lp»ving  widow  with  rxtremely  lovely  daughter. 
Mother  fein  her  beauty  may  be  'ouice  of  danger  to  her,  and  instrucia  her  in 
all  vinue  and  diligence.  Year^  paK,  and  mother  feeling  ei.d  approaching, 
calli  daughter  to  bedside,  anil  bids  her  fetch  little  wooden  bowL  Daughter 
gives  it  ber,  and  kneels  down  bciide  bed,  when  mother  turns  wooden  bowl 
over  her  head.  Her  face  is  thus  quite  shadowed,  und  no  one  would  auapect 
ho«  oiucb  beauty  the  bo»l  conceal*.  Mother  is  comfoiled,  and  after  exhort- 
ing daughter  never  lo  leave  bow!  far  from  let  head,  diea  in  peace.— (j) 
HeiDine  goes  forth  to  earn  living  by  w.^rking  in  the  fields,  always  wearing  the 
wooden  bowl.  She  gets  callel  "  llalichibime",  that  is,  the  maid  with  the 
bowl.  Many  jouihs  try  to  persuade  her  to  take  off  hat,  but  ^he  always  re. 
fuse*.  She  earni  a  spare  livelihood  in  this  way,  till  one  day  the  richeal  land- 
owner in  Ibe  neighbourhood  noticing  her  eicepiional  iodustiy,  engages  her  lo 
be  nurse  10  his  fick  wife,  and  she  spends  happier  days,  — (3I  Hei  master's 
eldest  ion  has  just  rein  ncd  home  from  studying  in  Kioto,  the  splendid 
residence  of  the  Mikado.  He  notices  heroine,  ard  laughs  at  ber  whim  never 
lo  remove  wo<>.ien  howl.  One  day  he  peeps  beneath  it  without  her  notictag, 
see*  her  great  beauty,  and  falls  in  love  with  her, —  (4)  He  is  anxious  lo  many 
her,  but  his  f-arents  and  friends  object,  and  h's  mother  and  aunt  try  to 
calumniate  the  good  girl.  But  he  heeds  them  not,  and  soon  proves  Ibeir 
Elatemenis  untme.  He  persists  b  his  intention  to  marry  her,  and  informs  all 
hii  relatives.  Quite  nnexpecledly  the  girl  herself  makes  difGculliei.  She 
llunks  it  wrong  to  diange  her  har,l  but  safe  lot  for  an  idle  life  of  ease,  against 
the  wish  nf  her  ptolector.  She  is  Indeed  in  love  with  the  son,  and  weeps 
bitterly,  though  holding  (ait  lo  ber  lesoWe.— (5)  At  night  her  mother  appears 
to  ber  in  a  dream,  and  bids  her  wed  the  young  man.  The  next  time  she  is 
ask«d  to  marry  him,  she  gladly  consenls.^6)  The  wedding-day  is  fixed.  He 
haa  to  bear  with  much  muck  ly,  but  csres  not,  being  happy  over  his  good- 
orliine.  On  the  wedding-day  the  br  de  at  last  consents  lo  lake  off  wooden 
bowl,  but  it  will  not  leave  her  head,  and  she  tcieams  with  pain  on  trying  lo 
lemoteil.  Marriage  is  celebrated  with  bowl  on  ber  bead.— (7)  Aflerwards 
at  feaal,  when  wine  is  brought,  as  she  empties  the  cup  the  wooden  bowl  bursts 
with  a  loud  noise,  ard  ^Is  in  pieces  to  the  ground.  When  they  come  to 
eum-ne  these  pieces  the/  find  rare  stones  and  precious  jewels  hidden  under 
tbem.  But  llie  bride's  beauty  excites  still  greater  admiration.  The  pair  live 
happily  together,  and  have  many  children,  all  beautiful  and  good  like  their 
mother. 


I 
I 


CIKDE&ELLA   VARIANTS. 


23        R.  H.  Busk,  F,}Ik-hre,)f  Rome.     London,  1874.     Pp.  alS-jg, 
No.  IV. 

"  La  Cf.  nor  1  en  to  la." 

(1)  Merchant  goes  lo  foreign  countries  to  buy,  promises  ricli  gifts  lo  hi* 
daugblcis.  First  chooses  jewels ;  second,  sbavls  ;  ihird,  always  kept  out  oF 
sight  in  kitchen  by  others  and  made  to  do  dirty  work  of  the  house,  asks  for 
lillle  bird.  Sislets  jeer  at  her  ;  she  tells  her  father  his  boat  will  stand  slill  if 
he  doei  not  fulfil  hii  promise. —  (3)  Merchant  goes,  does  all  his  busincM  ; 
forget*  bird  :  boat  won't  ilir  hj  any  means ;  remembers  what  his  daughter 
said  to  him,  tells  captain,  captain  shows  him  garden  full  of  bird*  ;  be  goes, 
catches  bird,  captain  gives  cage,  mercliant  goes  safety  home. — (3)  That  ni£bl 
two  elder  sisters  go  to  ball ;  bird  is  a  fair;,  third  daughter  goes  to  it,  sapng, 
"  Give  me  splendid  raiment,  and  I  will  give  you  my  rags."  Bird  gives  her 
beautiful  clothe),  jewelfl,  and  golden  slippers,  splendid  carriage  and  hones. 
She  goes  to  ball,  king  falls  in  love,  will  dance  with  no  one  else  ;  sisters 
furious. — (4)  Next  night  same  happens,  tells  king  her  name  is  Cenorienloll, 
king  charges  servants  with  pursuit,  they  fail,  as  horses  go  so  fast.— (S)  Third 
night,  same  ;  servants  punue  more  closelj,  she  drops  golden  slipper,  which 
thejr  lake  to  ihc  king-— (6)  King  sends  servant  to  try  golden  slipper  on  every 
maiden  in  city,  last  of  all  comes  lo  merchant's  house,  tries  it  on  two  elder 
sister^  does  not  lit,  servant  insists  on  trying  slipper  on  heroine,  and  it  lilx. — 


(7)  King  c 
before;  king  m 


D  fetch  her,  bird  gives  her  more  beautiful  dress  than  anj 
s  her  ;  she  forgives  sisters,  and  girts  them  tine 


24 


Ihid.,  pp.  31-3 


LLA." 


(1)  Widower  and  widow  have  each  one  little  girl.  Man  sends  his  child  lo 
be  taught  with  widow's  child.  Widow  sends  message  every  evening,  saying, 
■*  Why  doesn't  your  father  marry  tne  ?"  Father  does  not  want  to,  but  yields 
at  last,  widow  solemnly  promising  to  treat  his  daughter  Maria  as  leoderly  •( 
her  own.'— (a)  Hefore  many  months  Moria  treated  with  every  kind  of  harsh- 
ness ;  stepmother  sends  her  to  campogna  to  tend  cati,  has  to  litter  its  stall 
Ircihly  every  day  and  lake  it  to  graze  ;  though  work  is  hard  she  gets  so  fond 
ofcow  that  she  linds  pleasure  in  tending  it — (3)  Stepmother  see*  this,  and 
to  vet  her  gives  her  a  lot  of  hemp  to  spin  ;  Maria  urges  that  she  hai  never 
been  taught ;  stepmother  threatens  punishment  if  she  does  not  bring  it  home 
th*t  Dtghl  properly  spun.  Maria  goes  to  campagna,  complains  to  cow.  Cow 
i>  enchanted  cow,  and  says,  "Throw  it  on  to  the  horns  of  me  and  go  along 
gel  grass  for  me.''  Maria  obeys  ;  when  she  comes  back  finds  heap  of  hemp 
beautifnlly  spun,— (4}  Next  day  sicpmothcr  gives  quantity  of  spun  hemp  tc 


I 


BVSK.  179 

be  woven  into  ■  piece  o(  doth.  Miri«  lompliins  to  cow  u  before,  cow 
uMweti  as  bdoTe,  when  Maria  comes  with  crussbe  linds  ftll  her  wotk  (Tone.  ~ 
(S)  Stepmolher  conceals  herself  next  day,  having  eivcD  Marin  shirl  (o  m»k«  up, 
Wlien  Maria  has  given  piece  of  stuff  lo  cow  and  gone  for  grisi,  sicpmolbcr 
sees  cow  tuni  into  woman  and  sit  down  ond  slilch  awaj,  till  very  shorlly  shirt 
a  mide,  when  woman  immediately  becomes  cow  again.— (6)  Stepmother  te!U 
Maris  she  is  going  lokill  cow.  Maria  runs  to  warn  cow,  who  sayi  Iheic  ii  no 
need  for  her  to  escape,  as  killing  will  not  hurt  her  ;  but  Maria  is  lo  put  her 
hand  under  cow'i  heart,  when  kdled,  where  she  will  Bnd  golden  ball  ;  she  is 
lu  take  it.  and  whenever  ihe  is  lired  of  present  state  of  life  she  is  lo  say  to  it  on 
some  fitting  occasion,  "Golden  boll,  golden  ball,  dress  me  in  gold  and  give 
me  a  lover."  Stepmother  comet  with  a  man,  who  slaughters  cow  at  her 
order,  Maria  finds  ball  and  hides  it  away  carefully.— (7)  Shortly  there  is  a 
ntvena  (a  short  service  held  for  nine  days  before  a  great  festival  in  preparation 
for  it).  SlepiDoiher  dares  not  keep  Maria  at  home,  for  fear  neigbboitr 
should  cry  "shame".  Maria  goes  to  church,  slips  away  in  the  crowd,  speaks 
to  ball,  which  opens  and  envelopes  her  in  bcaolitDl  clothing  I'dic  a  princess. 
Prince  sees  her,  sends  servanls  lor  her  alter  prayers  ;  she  has  restored  raiment 
to  ball  and  passes  on  undiscovered  in  her  sordid  nt(ire.-~(S)  Every  day  this 
happens  till  last  day  of  novena  ;  prince's  attendants  use  eitra  diligence  ;  in  the 
hurry  Maria  drops  slipper,  prince's  servants  seize  it,  Maria  disputes  possestion 
of  it,  bot  they  retain  11.^(9)  Stepmother  hales  Maria  more  than  ever,  deter- 
mines (o  Hd  herself  of  her,  sends  her  lo  cellar  to  clean  out  large  barrel,  tells 
her  lo  get  in  and  scrape  it  out  bcfcire  they  scald  it,  Maria  doo  so,  itepmolher 
goes  lo  boit  waier. — (10)  Prince's  men  had  taken  slipper  to  him,  he  sends 
officci  round  lo  every  house  lo  proclaim  thai  Ihe  maiden  whom  the  slipper 
shall  fit  shall  be  his  bride,  but  ii  fits  nobody,  for  it  is  under  a  spell.  Step- 
nolhei's  own  danghler  goes  down  lo  help  Maria,  is  inside  barrel  and  Maria 
onlside  when  olKcer  comes  ;  he  tries  slipper  on  Maria  without  asking  leave,  it 
litt  perfectly,  he  carries  her  olT  in  carriage  to  prince.~(ll)  Stepmother  comes 
back  with  servanls,  each  carrying  can  o<  boiling  water,  they  stand  round 
barrel  and  empty  their  charge  into  it ;  so  stepmother's  daughter  is  scalded  to 
death.  After  a  time  she  discovers  what  she  has  done,  is  greatly  dismayed.-^ 
(tz)  To  conceal  murder,  dresses  body  in  dry  clothes  and  tela  it  at  top  of 
flairs :  husband  comes  home  with  ass-load  of  wood,  calls  stepdaughter  to 
come  and  help  him  ;  she  never  stirs  ;  at  tasi  be  throws  piece  of  wood  at  her, 
body  falli  downstairs  ;  he  sees  deception. — (13I  Asks,  "  Where's  Maria  ?" 
"  Nobody  knows,  she  has  disappeared,"  replies  stepmother.  He  finds  she  is 
not  in  Ihe  house,  goes  away  next  day  with  his  little  daughter,  bom  since  his 
marriage  with  Maria's  slepmolher.  As  he  starts  sees  Maria  go  by  in  a  gilded 
coach  with  prince. 


IiiJ.>  pp.  66-84.      No.  X, 

"  Maria  Wood." 

(1)  Dying  queen  gives  ring  to  king:  only  be  whom  it  fits  is  worthy  to 

narrr  their  daughter  Maria.     Father,  growing  old,  wants  Maria  to  marry  t 


CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 


■uitoT,  dulcring  himvlf  prince  of  distant 
St ;  (a'her  inclines  to  omil  iL  Suddenly 
.  be  round  ;  he  mggnu  Mkrii  naming  thre« 
;  inatinctive  ditlike  lor  prince,  comulls 
prince  is  the  devil.  She  saggesls  his  pn"- 
heaven,  anoiber  of  moonbeam!,  a  third  ot 
iroeurei  dressfs  ;  thfjf  daizlc  Ihe  p'E's  lh»' 
■r-i  hiving  lo  be  carried  by  reUys  of  pages. 
ix,  and  bow  to  circumvent  blm.  Prince 
lark  wood  ;  here  she  mutt  moke  cicuce  to 


ring  fits  nobody. — (j)  At  UM  ■ 
region,  arrives,  but  objects  to  I 
prince  agrees  to  it,  but  ring  cinnc 
iCTls  instead.— (3)  Maria,  bavin 
teacher,  who  is  a  fairy,  and  know 
viding  a  dress  woven  of  stan  of 
sunbeams.  Prince  is  angry,  but 
carry  them,  second  and  third  dre 
Teacher  tells  Maria  who  suilor 
and  Maria  will  come  at  night  lo 
alight,  after  having  got  stolen  r'ng  from  feather  of  prince's  cap,  v/htif  he  will 
wear  it.  She  will  then  find  wooden  (igure  of  old  woman,  which  fairy  will 
provide,  and  in  which  will  be  all  her  valuables,  including  three  dresses ; 
must  get  inside  figure  when  prince's  head  is  turned,  and  walk  away.— (4) 
Prince  and  Mar'a  start  off;  she  twitches  ring  off  feather  at  it  growt  dark. 
and,  complaining  of  cramp,  gets  out  to  walk.  They  ti'e  old  woman's  form 
under  tret,  Maiia  a>ks  prince  lo  chase  a  firefly,  and  meanwhile  gets  into 
figure.  Prince  returns  with  fly,  misses  Maria,  sends  old  woman  to  look  for 
bei ;  spends  the  night  searching  in  *ain,  then  drives  home. — {$)  Maria  falls 
in  with  party  of  charcoal- bum ers  who  offer  hoipitatity.  She  s'ays  a  long 
time,  and  works  with  them.— (6)  One  day,  when  she  is  some  distance  from 
camp,  young  king  of  that  country  is  out  wild-boar  bunting  ;  hounds  in  pur- 
suit dash  p3s'  her,  folloued  by  riders ;  she  swoons  wiih  fright.  King  nrtilir 
tramples  on  bei ;  bids  huntsmen  carry  her  to  palace  j  king  pities  her,  artd 
tries  to  iind  her  employment.  Steward  says  she  may  help  scullions  1  Maria 
thankfuHy  agees.  S  cull  ioni  and  turnspit  dissatisRei  lo  have  old  woman  u 
help;  impose  on  her.  She  is  hard  worked  and  harshly  treated. — (7)  Car- 
nival comes  ;  every  servant  may  don  a  domino.  Maria  locks  herse'f  in  loft 
where  she  s<ee,%,  ge'i  out  of  wooden  disguise,  dons  star-dress,  and  goes  to 
ball.  Only  king  dares  dance  with  her;  but  dares  not  ask  whence  she  comes. 
She  leavet  early,  unperceived.— (8)  Second  night  she  gies  in  mor>nbeim 
dress,  and  when  king  asks  why  she  left  10  early  lis'  night,  saya  because  she 
has  to  be  up  eiriy.  He  is  incredulous,  but  questions  her  in  vain.  She  with- 
draws unperceived  by  inverting  folds  of  garment. — {9)  Toird  nighl  she  weirs 
sunbeam -dress  ;  chandeliers  paled  by  it.  Evades  king's  ques'ions,  but  bids 
him  try  on  her  ring,  which  she  says  has  fitted  none  yet.  She  taki  back 
ring,  and,  turning  sunbearns  inwards,  eacapes  :  but  guards  stationed  by  king 
recognise  aod  fellow  her.  Sh-  unthreads  strings  of  peaiLi,  which  they  stop  to 
gather.— (10)  King  in  despair,  shuts  himself  b  dark  room,  weeps  all  day  and 
will  scarce  lake  food.  Pbysicians  (ear  the  worst  if  he  is  not  roused.  Lent  is 
pas',  Easter  al  hand.  Maria,  satisfied  with  his  constancy,  makes  cake, 
pulling  ting  inside.  Aiaures  qaeen-molher  that  if  king  will  eat  it  all  he  will 
be  cured.  Led ies-iti- wailing  laagh,  but  queen  lakes  cake  lo  king.— (ii)  ile 
cuts  it,  and  discovert  ring  ;  is  aroused,  makes  inquiries,  learns  that  old 
woman  brought  cake  u  remedy  ;  sends  for  her  ;  she  cannot  be  fonnd  j  he 
nearly  relapses.  GnUsmiihs.  refiners,  and  alchemiils  eaamine  ring,  and  te> 
port  the  gold  from  a'ar,  workmuiship  of  kingdoms  of  West  ;  characters  show 


4 


BUsK.  tSl 

OWtier  n  princesi  of  h'gh  degree.  Fuphcf  search  for  Mario,  who  dresses 
suiubljr  QTider  woodrn  covcIl^g,  and  goes  lo  king.  H  e  promises  tewaid  for 
tiding*  of  lady.  She  iieps  om  of  case.  p,nd  tells  htr  stoiy.— (i^)  King 
muries  her.  They  li>e  with  her  biher  till  hia  death.  M»iB  inluires  for 
teacher;  she  has  remnied  to  faiijland. 


Ibid.,  pp.  S4-90. 

"  Maria  Wood"  (second  version). 

(t)  There  is  a  kii  g  whoie  wife,  when  she  comes  (o  die,  soys  to  him,  "  Von 
;  but  her  whose  foot 


o  many  ;  hut  lake  my  advice — marry  m 


my 


shoe  his."     Bat  the  shoe  is 
g  hu  shoe  ttied  0 


aUm 


alpcll,  and  will  litDi 
T  of  women  ;  fits  1 


le  whom  he  can 
ic  of  them.     He 


I 
I 


growj  bewildered  and  sttange  in  his  mind.— (I)  Daughter  comes  lo  him  ;  says 
the  shoe  just  fits  her.  "Then  1  miut  many  you,"  sayi  king.  "  Oh,  no, 
papa,"  lays  she,  aud  skips  away.  He  persists.  At  lost  she  says  he  must  do 
something  for  her  first.  He  agrees  willingly. — (3)  She  demands,  lirsl,  a  dress 
of  the  colour  of  noontide  sky,  all  covered  with  stars,  and  paiure  lo  match  ; 
second,  a  dicss  colour  of  sea,  covered  with  golden  tbhes,  panire  to  match  ; 
third,  dress  ol  daik  blue,  covered  with  gold  embroidery  and  silver  bells,  and 
porarc  10  match.  All  these  done,  she  asks  for  figure  of  old  woman  just  like 
life,  so  that  it  will  "  move  and  walk  just  like  a  real  woman  when  one  gels 
inude  it"".  This  also  done.  ^14)  Princess  packs  these  three  dresses  and 
others,  and  all  her  jewellery,  and  much  money  inside,  gels  into  hgure,  and 
walks  amy.  Wanders  on  till  the  gels  lo  palace  of  great  king,  just  as  king's 
nn  comei  in  from  hunting.  Whines  out,  "  Have  yon  ■  place  in  all  this  line 
palace  to  take  in  a  poor  old  bod;  P"  Servants  try  to  drive  her  away.  Prince 
interposes,  a^ks  her  name,  and  whal  she  can  do.  She  says  her  name  is  Maria 
Wood,  and  she  knows  all  aboat  hens.  He  appoints  herhenwife,  and  she  has 
B  hot  on  \\x  borders  of  forest.  Prince  often  passes  ;  she  always  comes  out 
to  Mime  him  ;  he  stops  to  chat.— (5)  Carnival  time  comes.  Prince  teUs  her  ; 
she  wishes  him  a  good  carnival,  and  sijs,  "  Won't  you  take  me  ?"  Prince 
tays,  "  Shameless  old  woman,  wanting  to  go  lo  a  faiini  at  your  time  of 
life  !"  gives  her  cul  with  whip.  Nent  night  Maria  puts  on  her  dress  colour  of 
noontide  sky  and  covered  with  slais,  gues  to  bait.  Prince  alone  dares  to  ask 
her  10  dance  ;  falls  in  love,  gives  her  ring,  asks  whence  she  comes.  She  says, 
'■  Krom  country  of  Wliipblow."  He  sends  attendants  to  watch  and  find  out 
where  she  lives.  She  is  too  ^uick  for  them. — (6)  Next  day  prince  passes  hut 
B|[aiD.  She  wi^es  him  "  Good  carnival",  and  says,  "  Won't  yon  take  me  i" 
"  Contemptible  old  woman  to  talk  in  that  way ;  you  ought  to  know  better  1 " 
says  prince,  and  strikes  her  tiiih  boot.  That  night  Maria  puts  on  dress  coloni 
of  sell,  covered  with  gold  fishes,  and  giies  lo  feast.  Prinrr  claims  her  for 
paitoei ;  a<ki  whence  she  come«.  She  tayi  from  country  of  BooLkick.  She 
again  evade*  attendants. -(;)  Next  day  prince  comes  by  Malik's  fauL     "Ts- 


CINDERELLA    \ 


;   have   the  lut  fesline"   wyt  he. 


n  spile  of  you?"  sayi  Muna. 


"  lays  he,  «nd  lUps  her.    Next  nighl  Mar 


witli  gold  embroidery  and  silver  bells,  and  g 
before,  and  tells  him  she  c 


0  ball,  dances  w 


(8)  PiiDce  nuw  Falls  ill  of  disappointment  Physicians  can  do  nothing.  Maria 
says  if  be  will  take  some  btoth  of  her  making  he  will  be  healed.  He  v 
take  it ;  she  peisists.  At  last  he  is  too  weacy  10  resist ;  she  brings  broth,  J 
serrants  give  il.  Presently  whole  palace  roused  by  prince  shouting,  "  Bring  | 
hither  Maria  Wood." — (9)  They  go  to  fetch  her.  She  had  pnl  the  ring  he  1 
gave  her  in  the  broth,  and  he  found  it  when  be  put  the  spoon  in.  "  Walt  x 
bit."  she  says  to  servant  who  fetches  her.  She  puts  on  dress  like  noonlidB  I 
sky.  Prince  beside  himself  with  joy  when  he  teei  hei.  Ha*  betrothal  cele-  I 
braled  Ihat  very  day. 


/(ltd.,  p.  90. 
"Maria  Wood"  (third  v 


,n). 


(i)  Princessrefuses  whatking  wubes.— (I)  He  sends  servants  to  take  hei  tc 
a  high  tower  on  ihe  campagna  and  drop  her  dawn  from  top.  They  take  her  ^ 
but  have  not  the  heart  lo  throw  htr  down  ;  put  her  in  large  case  and  leave  il 
out  in  the  open  campagna  far  outside  her  father's  dominion*.— (3)  Princess  ii 
box  (righlened  liy  barking  of  dogs.  King's  son  hunting,  comes  up,  has  dogs 
called  otf  and  box  opened  ;  ibey  sec  she  is  not  a  common  maiden  by  her 
iewelf.— 14(  tjhe  is  taken  lo  prince,  who  marries  her. 


I6id.,'p^.  9 1-95. 
"La  Candelier.*." 
I)  King  wishes  daughter  lo  marry  ugly  old  king,  she  brgs  to  be  spared  { : 
last  says  before  the  manies,  her  father  must  do  something  for  her  ;  he  readily 
agrees. — (1)  She  chouses  to  have  made  a  great  candelabrum.  10  ft.  high,  with 
a  fctem  thicker  than  a  man'i  body.     King  sends  for  goldsmith  and  orders  one 
to  be  made  quickly  ;  pnnceis  says  she  is  very  pleased  with  it.    In  ihe  eveoing  J 
princess  calls  her  chamberlain,  says  she  does  not  like  ondlrstiek  at  all  1  ha  I 
must  lake  it  and  sell  it,  for  she  can't  bear  the  sight  of  it ;  he  may  keep  Ihe  price  I 
himaeif,  but  must  lake  It  away  early  before  king  is  up.— 13)  Chamberlain  get»    \ 
up  early,  but  princess  gets  up  earlier,  and  hides  herself  in  candelabiom,  thus 
canied  away  with  il.      Chambcrlwn  lakes  it  to  market'place  of  capital  of 
Dcighhouring  sovereign,  and  scl»  it  up  for  stle  there.      People  seeing  how 
costly  it  is,  no  one  will  offer  far  it.     Ptiuce  of  country  hears  of  it,  goes  losecit, 
buys  it  for  three  hundred  scudi,  and  has  it  taken  up  Inlobii  room. — (4}  Prince 
telts  valet  to  have  bis  supper  taken  up  into  his  room,  as  he  is  going  to  the  play 


and  will  be  late.    Coming  home,  he  finds  supper  e 


n  and  glasses  and  diihea 


I 


I  BUSK. — CALCUTTA    REVIEW.  185 

diMmnecd,  scotdi  man,  who  asserts  *U  bad  beca  properly  Uid.  Next  night 
ume  happens.  Tbird  night  calls  strvanl.  aaysiload  he  it  (□  lay  sapper  before 
prince  eoei  out,  and  he  will  locfc  the  door  and  take  the  Uty  wilh  him,  but  in 
reality  he  ttajri  concealed  in  room. — (;|  Soon  niter,  cniidclabruin,  of  which 
he  had  not  thought  since  buying  it,  opens,  and  bcautifal  princess  ippean. 
"  Welcome,  ptincess,"  layt  he  ;  they  sit  down  and  eat  luppcr  together.  Neil 
night  orders  double  supper  brouebt  up,  and  after  that  all  his  toeala,  and  never 
leaves  hii  apartmenl.— (6)  King  and  queen  inlerlerc,  lay  he  ought  to  marry, 
and  not  slay  alone  all  day.  He  says  he  will  marry  no  one  but  csndelabruiD. 
They  think  him  mad,  but  one  day  qneen  lurprisea  princess  sitting  with  him. 
Strudi  with  her  beauty,  she  layi,  "  If  this  ii  what  yon  were  thinking  of  when 
yon  said  you  would  marry  the  candelabrum,  it  ii  well  judged."  Takes 
ptinceu  to  kinf ,  they  give  her  to  prince  to  be  his  wife.  The  king  lier  father, 
hearipg  of  alliance  is  glad,  says  he  esteems  it  far  above  that  of  ugly  old  king 
whom  he  wanted  her  to  have  tnarried  at  firsL 


jii//.,  pp.  403-6. 

"The  Value  of  Salt." 
(I|  King  haa  three  daughters,  and  wishes  to  lest  how  muiJi  they  love  him. 
He  iiuettioni  each  separately.  The  eldest  says  she  loves  hint  "  u  much  as  the 
bread  we  eat"  1  ibe  second,  "  as  much  as  wine"  ;  the  youngest,  "  as  much  as 
Mlt."~(j)  King  thinki  by  her  answer  that  youngest  does  not  love  him,  and 
orders  hei  to  bve  i]ulic  apart  in  separate  wing  of  palatx.—lj)  She  is  very 
miserable,  and  one  day,  seeing  ctHik  from  her  window,  uks  him  to  do  her  a 
favour,  and  serve  father's  dinner  without  any  salt. — (4)  King  caiuiot  eat  fare. 
Galls  cook  to  eiplain  reason  ;  then,  understanding  value  of  sail,  and  how  great 
I  yoDogesI  daughter's  love,  lie  recalls  her  to  favour. 


I  CalatUa.  Revuw,  vol   Ii  (1870),  p.   lai.     (Abslract  of  Indiati    26 
version  of  "  Cinderella",  published  in  Botttiay  Gatellf,  f864. 
In  another  vission  it  is  a  fish,  not  a  cow,  that  befriends  heroine.) 
"  CiNl 


(t)  McToine  is  ill-treated  by  stepmother,  who  finding  that  cow  oouriibet 
I  hv  with  its  milk,  resolves  to  kill  iL — (l)  Cow  bids  heroine  be  comforted,  and 
llect  its  bones,  horn,  skin,  and  every  part  that  U  ibTOwn  away  ; 
above  all  to  avoid  eating  its  flesh.  Cow  is  killed  and  heroine  does  as  bidden. 
— (})  Prince  is  making  choice  of  bride ;  heroine  is  left  at  hone  to  cook  snppcr 
■failM  it^sister  goes  to  palace— (4I  Cow  tetDms  to  life,  gives  dresses  and 
gold  dogs  to  heroine. — (5I  She  drops  one  of  these  when  prince  is  pursuing 
ber,  and  when  he  comet  to  seek  her  she  is  hidden  b  franary.  Cock  betrays 
ber   prcseaoe^ — 16)  Prince  matiics  ber.^?)  StepniMher  and   slcpsitter  arc 


CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 


Jl51  J.  F.  Campbell,  Popular  Tales  of  the  West  Highlands.  Edinburgh, 
1860-62.  Vol.  i.  pp.  Jig  ff.  No.  XIV.  (Narrated  by  Arm 
Darroch,  Islay,  who  had  it  from  Margaret  Connel.) 

"The  King  who  wished  to  marrv  his  Daughter." 

(l)  Kingafler  dealti  of  wife  laving  one  daughter  vill  only  marry  one  whom 
deid  wife's  dothes  fiL— (j)  Daugh'er  tries  them  by  accidcnl,  is  seen  bjr  father, 
and  importuned  by  him  to  marry  her. — ^(3)  She  ai^lis  advice  of  fosler-mother, 
and  puis  liim  off  by  requests  :  gown  of  swan's-down,  of  moorland  canach,  of 
silk  standing  uprigKl  with  gold  and  silver,  gold  and  silver  shoe,  chest  that 
locks  without  and  williin  and  goes  on  land  or  aei. — (4)  She  puts  herself 
Iherein  with  her  doLhes  aud  persuades  filhEf  to  put  her  oat  to  sea.— (5)  Coming 
Bsborr,  a  herd  wishes  to  break  il  up,  but  heroine  stops  him  and  lakes  refuge 
with  bis  father.  — ^6)  She  obtains  service  at  ihe  king's  house  under  the  cook. 
— (7)  Whilst  the  rest  are  at  the  sermon  she  fei^s  to  bake  bread,  goes  <o  hero's 
house,  puts  on  lirst  dres^,  and  to  the  sermon  opposite  the  king's  son,  who  loves 
her, — (S)  She  leaves  before  termon,  change*:,  and  everyone  talks  about  her. 
— (9)  Same  incident  second  and  third  Sundays  with  change  of  dress, — (lo)  On 
ihird  Sunday  a  watch  is  set  at  ibe  doors,  heroine  escapes  Ibrough  cranny,  but 
ihey  get  hold  of  one  of  her  fchoes. — (n)  King's  son  will  nuiry  whomsocvei 
shoe  should  lit. — (la)  Many  try  it  on,  and  lake  off  their  heels  and  Iocs  to  mike 
it  6t. — (13)  A  little  bird  always  denounces  these  attempts  and  speaks  of  Ihe 
wee  cook  maid.— (14)  King's  son  liis  down,  mother  goes  to  kilchen  to  talk 
il  over.— (15)  Heroine  aj-ks  for  shoe,  ti  refosed  at  first,  but  allowed  by  desire 
of  prince.— (16)  Shoe  jumps  on  her  foot.— (17)  She  fetches  her  Ireasures  and 
muries  king's  son. 


I  162  Ibid.,  vol.  i,  pp.  325  ff.  No.  XlVd.  (Narrated  in  September 
i859>  by  a  girl  in  Benbecula  to  MacCraw,  from  whom 
Campbell  had  it.     It  was  told  with  a  great  deal  of  queer  old 

language  which  MacCraw  could  not  remember,) 

"  Margery  White  Coats"  (Variant,  "  King  who  wished  to 
marry  his  Daughter"). 

(i)  King  has  four  daughters,  and  after  wife's  death  wilt  marry  one  whom 
her  clothes  liL— (1)  Youngest  atone  able,  and  is  importuned  by  father  to 
(narry  him.  — (j)  Mother's  brotber  advises  her  lo  a>k  For  gown  of  bird'i-down, 
of  colours  of  iky  woven  with  silver,  of  colours  of  sins  woven  wilb  gold,  Uld 
glass  shoes, — (4)  With  uncle's  help  she  escape*  on  filly  wilb  magic  bridle,  she 
on  one  side,  ibe  cbesi  on  other.-— (5)  She  comes  lo  king's  palace,  hide*  chest 
in  rushes,  turns  Glly  loose,  and  goes  lo  palace  in  pclticoat  and  ihifl.— (6)  She 
grows  dirty  and  ugly,  and   must  blow   the  bellows   all  day, — (7)   King's  aon 


I 


I 


CAMPBELL.  185 

tMBfiv,  and  there  ii  to  be  a  feuL — (S)  Heroine  ukt  to  go,  but  u  refused  by 
qateo.—ig]  Who  ihrowa  a  basin  of  water  al  her  and  breaks  it. — (10)  Heroine 
g"es  Id  bim,  shakes  magic  bridle,  fitlf  comes,  and  both  go  ta  the  feast.— 

(11)  The  king's  son  sets  her  on  his  ovn  lap,  and  danca  every  reel  with  her.^ 

(12)  To  his  question  whence  the  comes,  she  answers  Cram  Broken  Baain-Und. — 
(■3)  She  escapes,  retunu  to  cook,  and  is  reproved  for  joining  in  conversation 
Bboat  the  beautiful  lady.— ( 14)  This  happens  a  second  time,  save  that  it  is  the 
candkflicki  which  are  thrown  at  heroine^  and  that  eight  men  were  set  to  catch 
hct. — (IJ)  And  that  wben  sbe  escapes  she  leaves  behind  het  a  glau  shoe. — (16) 
Prince'*  illness  follows,  and  determination  only  to  marry  whom  shoe  should 
6t. — (1;)  AH  adies  cut  off  heels  and  loei  Tor  ibis  purpose. — (iS)  Prince  aski 
i(  none  remain,  and  a  small  crcalure  mcntioru  the  cook  moid. — (19)  Heteams 
•boot  basin  and  ondlesiick  from  hii  mother,  ^[lo)  Shoe  i>  tried  and  fitted, 
and  ill  are  in  despiir._<ll)  Bat  heroine  retires  aU'J  returns  on  filly  with  hec 
magic  dreisei,  whereupon  wedding  taket  pUce. 

[Campbell  notislhe  H'ghland  colouring  of  this  talc  and  the  preceding.  The 
dlesl,  the  shift,  and  petticoat,  the  batl-feut,  are  all  taken  from  the  dat'y  lib  ol 
the  oanaTois.l 


/iiJ..  vol.  ii,  pp.  186  ff.     No.  .\Lin.     (Told  by  John  Dewar. 
labourer,  CowaL) 

"Tbk  Sharp  (horned)  Grev  Sheep." 
(l)  Qoeen  dies  and  king  remarries. — |i)  Stepmother  i[l<lieati  heroine,  and 
sets  her  to  herd  sheep  without  sufficient  food.— (3)  Heroine  is  fed  by  sheep.-- 
(4)  Stepmother  wmdeis  thereat,  and  consulu  henwife.— 15}  Hcnwife  sends 
bet  own  daughter  with  heroine. — (6)  Who  sends  ber  to  steep  by  dressing  her 
head,  but  the  eye  in  the  back  of  her  bead  remains  open,  and  sees  the  sheep 
comiig  with  meat.— (7)  Report  thereof  is  made  and  sheep  is  killed.— (S)  But 
bcforthand  it  advises  heroine  to  gather  bones  in  skin. — (9I  Which  heroine 
doa,  and  sheep  comes  alive  again,  but  halls,  the  heroine  having  forgotten  the 
hooves.- <lo)  A  prince  passes  and  falls  in  love  with  heroine.— fll)  Which  is 
nvealcd  by  ben  wife's  daughter —(w)  Slepmotbct  thereupon  sends  her  own 
dtugblcl  to  herd  tbe  sbeep. — (13)  But  heroine  tlips  out  and  receives  golden 
shoes  from  prince  and  rtnJitvtmt  at  sermon. — (14}  Which  she  attends  after 
Ibe  othcn,  as  she  is  not  allowed  10  leave  the  hoiuc.— (15)  The  third  lime  this 
happen*  the  prince  nitu  after  her  and  sbe  loses  a  shoe  in  ihe  mod. — \\b) 
FiitiDg  inddent  follows,  and  btepmother  by  benwLTe's  advice  cuts  olT  her 
danghter's  tocs.~<I7l  Wedding-day  is  hied.— (iS)  But  a  bird  betrays  the 
secret  thtice.  — (19)  The  third  time  tbe  prince  returns  and  finds  the  Irue  bride, 
and  wedding  follows 


CINDERELLA 


332  E.  Henry  Carnov  et  Jean  Nicolaides,  Tradiiions  populatrti 
dtVAsU  Mineure.  Paris,  1S89.  Pp.  91-106.  No.  V.  (Col- 
lected in  the  Island  of  Chio.) 

'■  Marietta  et  ua  SoRcifcRE,  sa  MarAtre." 

(I)  MuieltB,  when  twelve  jears  old,  is  sent  daily  to  school,  and  brbgl  leciets 
lo  lather  fiom  Khoolmislreu,  who  U  in  love  with  him.  At  length  ichool- 
mislicu,  leiolving  to  kill  her  rivsl,  bids  Marietta  luk  her  mother  to  dress  her 
in  belt  clothes  to  go  for  walk  with  governess.  Whilst  mother  is  getting  them 
out  or  chest.  Mwietta  is  lo  let  marble  iid  fall  down  on  her  head,  and  mother 
will  laugh  at  Ihc  joke.  Marietta  does  as  bidden,  and  her  molber  is  killed. — 
(2)  Some  lime  after,  governess  marries  father,  and  becoming  jealous  of  his 
love  for  MaiiellB,  pUns  her  ruin,  falsely  accusing  her  of  breakages,  etc.  At 
lergth  she  tells  him  he  must  choose  between  wife  and  daughter,  and  btber 
takes  Marietta  and  exposes  her  on  the  lop  of  distant  mountain,  and  afterwards 
lakes  her  a  box  of  provisions  to  last  one  year. — [3)  At  Ihe  end  of  that  time 
NfarieltB  descends  to  valley,  and  sees  magnificent  castle,  the  home  or  forty 
giant  brothers.  Daring  their  absence  she  enters  and  prepares  excellent  repast, 
of  which  she  parlakes,  then  retuins  lo  her  mountain.  Brothers  are  astonished 
to  find  nice  supper  prepared.  Marietta  does  same  thiug  two  following  days  ; 
then  one  of  the  giants  decides  lo  hide  and  see  who  comes.  Eldest  giant 
stands  behind  principal  entrance  to  palace,  but  misies  seeing  Marietta,  who 
enters  another  way.  Thirty-nine  of  them  keep  watch  in  lliis  way,  and  fail  to 
see  visitor  ;  then  youngest  giant  must  take  his  luni.  If  it  is  a  man  he  finds, 
he  !ihall  be  their  brother  ;  if  a  giil,  iheir  sister.  Vount<est  giant  places  him- 
self at  little  door  of  palace,  and  when  Marietta  is  about  lo  leave,  he  stops  her. 
Giants  return,  and  are  delighted  to  have  a  sister.  Tliey  give  her  the  prcllieit 
room,  and  each  one  puts  a  gold  ring  on  her  finger. — (4)  Meanwhile  Marietta's 
parents  think  her  dead.  Stepmother  says  to  tbe  sun,'  "  Beautiful  Sun,  who 
makest  the  tour  of  the  world,  tell  me,  bast  thou  ever  seen  a  woman  more 
beautiful  than  I  am  ?  "  Sun  answers,  "  I  am  beautiful,  and  so  are  you,  but 
not  so  beautiful  as  Marietta."  "  She  is  living,  then  ?  "  "  Yes,  she  is  r|ueeii  of 
the  giants!  "  "  It  she  happy?"  "  liappier  than  you  are."  "  Where  is  her 
palace?"  "At  the  fool  of  the  mountain."— (5)  Stepmother,  who  is  a  wiich, 
changes  herself  into  a  pedlar,  and  goes  to  palace  with  wares  for  sale.  Marietta 
buys  an  enchanted  ring  ;  when  she  puts  it  on  her  finger  she  falls  dead.  Giants 
return  ;  are  greatly  distressed  )  inquire  who  has  entered  palace,  and  beat  about 
ring.  Eldest  says  it  must  be  taken  off  her  finger.  Which  is  it  of  the  lorty-one 
rings  she  is  wearing?  Each  giani  removes  his  own  gill,  and  the  enchanted 
ring  remains.  Eldest  giant  lakes  it  ofi,  bringing  Marietta  to  lifc.'^(6)  Some 
lime  after  stepmother  holds  same  parley  with  sun,  and  learning  that  Marietta 


le-sellet,  a 


JcaUs" 


CARNOV.  187 


idow.  SrrvDTi's  have  orden  to  admit  no  one,  so  slepmothcr 
Ibrowt  bunch  of  grapes  in  ai  window,  Marieua  lakes  une  grape  and  (alls 
dead.  Giants  are  sorrowlul,  agree  she  is  too  lovely  to  be  buried  in  earth,  and 
ictolve  to  expose  her  on  muuniain'iop,  repoiing  anoDgii  flowers. — (7)  King's 
ion.  out  bualinc,  sees  something  thining  on  mouniain,  and  ays  to  courcien,  "  If 
it  U  treasure,  ja\i  may  have  it ;  if  aaylhing  else,  it  belongs  to  me."  Thejr  find 
•  l>uge  gilded  chest,  and  on  opening  it  see  beauliful  corpse  inside.  Prince  h« 
it  taken  to  palace.  He  sickens  day  by  day  ;  palciils  cannot  imagine  why. 
lie  locks  his  room  whenever  compelled  to  leave  it.  King  goes  lo  war  at  head 
of  his  army.— (S}  One  day  courier  brings  letter  to  son,  saying  he  must  at  once 
join  father ;  the  state  is  in  danger.  This  is  a  feint,  for  king  has  relumed 
victorious  that  very  night.  In  his  baste  to  obey,  prince  forgets  to  lock  room, 
which  king  and  queen  enter.  Having  gazed  awhile  on  Marietta,  king  presses 
her  chest,  then  her  throat,  10  see  if  she  is  alive  or  dead.  The  movement 
makes  her  ijuiver  ;  she  coughs,  and  the  grape  falls  from  her  mouth.  She  sits 
up,  and  cannot  remember  what  has  happenetL — [9]  Prince  is  fetched  back, 
enters  his  room,  and  linds  Marietta  surrounded  by  all  the  court.  He  i^ 
mairied  to  her  neit  day.— (10)  Stepmother  once  more  'lueilions  sun  in  same 
woirds ;  Icbids  that  Marietta  is  wife  of  powerful  prince,  and  where  his  palace 
lies.  She  comet  (O  capital  of  Marietta's  kingdom,  and  writes  On  all  the  walls 
of  town  that  celebrated  midwife  has  just  airived.  I'rioce  engages  her  to 
attend  Marietta,  who  bears  beautiful  boy.  Stepmother  plunges  fork  into 
Marietta's  hod,  tronsrormiDg  her  into  pigeon' ;  takes  her  place  in  bed. — (II) 
Every  morning  white  pigeon  asks  gardener,  "  Is  the  king  asleep  ?  "  "  Yes,  be 
sleeps."  "May  he  sleep  well  and  have  happy  dreams!  Is  his  wife 
asleep?  .  .  .  May  she  sleep  ill,  and  have  awful  dreams!"  Puuled 
gardener  at  length  tells  prince  of  dally  occurrence.  Prince  rises  early,  and 
when  pigeon  comes  she  aits  on  hi;  shoulder.  He  has  it  put  in  gold  cage,  and 
taken  to  his  room.  Every  morning  pigeon  says,  "  Are  you  asleep,  my  prince  ? 
Sleep  well,  etc.  Isyour  wife  asleep?  etc." — (12)  One  morning  witch  hears  bird 
talking  to  prince  ;  knows  it  is  Marietta  ;  lells  prince  she  is  very  ill,  and  must 
hare  brtith  made  from  pigeon.  Prince  hesitates,  but  still  believing  woman  is 
Marietta,  tacrilices  pigeon.  Witch  swallows  broth  and  throws  bones  into 
corner  of  garden. — (13)  Three  pine.lrees  grow  from  Ibc  spot,  and,  as  prince 
panes,  leaves  murmur  softly,  pines  bow  three  time^  Witch  knows  trees  have 
sprung  from  pigeon's  bones,  and  tells  prince  she  is  ill,  and  must  have  decoction 
made  from  roots  of  the  three  trees. — (14)  They  are  cut  down  and  the  bark  of 
the  roots  is  thrown  in  another  comer  of  girden.  Blue  pigeon  comes  from 
bark  and  talks  to  gardener  (as  before). — (15)  Prince  goes  10  see  pigeon,  and 
finds  fork  piercing  its  head.  He  draws  it  out  ;  bine  pigeon  becomes,  first,  three 
firs,  then  while  pigeon,  then  Marietta, — (16)  Prince  impiisoai  witch  in  dark 
vault,  and  till  day  of  her  death  gives  her  only  bad  flour  moistened  with  a  httle 


CINDERELLA   > 


Hylten-Cavallius,  Svenska  Folhitgor. 

"  Den    LILLA   GOLD-SKON." 

(See  Thorpt,  No.  1 1 1.) 


I  37    Celtic  Afagasine,  vol.  xiii,  pp.  454-65.     (Narrated  by  M.  Sinclair, 
Tiree,  and  given  as  nearly  as  possible  in  his  words.) 

"The  Snow-White  Maiden,  and  the  Fair  Maid,  and  the 

SwARTHV  Maid,  and  Frizzle  or  Bald  Pate 

THStR  Mother." 

(1)  King  hssmariied  second  wife  Fciule,  mother  of  Fur  and  Swarthy  Mud. 
—  (2)  These  go  to  church  to  see  a  king's  ion,  and  leave  Snow  White  at 
home  at  bard  work.— (3)  "Cantrips",  or  Trouble  the  House,  asks  her  rfsbe 
would  not  like  (o  go  also,  lays  an  encbanlmetit-rod  upon  her,  and  lraji»rorms 
her  :  ber  dress  is  like  sunlight,  a  golden  shoe  on  one  Toot,  a  silver  one  on  the 
other,  and  three  starlings  on  each  shouldet.^4)  If  Snow  White  is  thiislyjnd 
puis  her  hand  to  her  mouth,  wine  and  honey  will  flow  ouL— (5)  She  is  to  scat 
t  tor  close. — (6)  Cantrips  strikes 


enchanlmenl-iod  on  a  rock  and  turns  it 
church,  escape,  wonder  of  sisters,  Snow 
account  orherplainness.-(S)  Second  v 
wins  a  golden  shoe.— [9)  Prince's  »ow 
(10)  His  visit  to  Snow  White's  house 


black  steed.~(7)  Fust  visit  to 
While's  demand  to  go,  and  refusal  oa 
isit  to  church,  king'*  son  purbues,  and 
to  wed  one  whom  the  shoe  fitted. — 
hidden  under  washing-tub  bj 


stepmother  and  sisteis. — (11)  The  shoe  nearly  fits  Fair  Maid,  but  the  prioce  is 
not  saliseed.  Snow  While  cries  onl,  is  fetched,  and  shoe  filled  on  her.— 
(12)  Wedding  lakes  place,  and  Fair  Maid  accompanies  Snow  White  as  maid 
of  honour,— (13)  Snow  While  when  her  husband  is  thirsty  gives  him  mdk  and 
honey  from  her  Gngen.~(i4)  The  sisters  go  to  bathe,  Fail  Maid  pushes 
Snow  While  into  loch,  where  she  is  seiied  by  the  Great  beast  Sensclcssnesa. 
~(I5)  When  Ihe  prince  returns  the  birds  are  not  singing,  and  the  black  steed 
IS  ihedding  tears  of  blood. ~-(l6j  Ue  is  thiisly,  but  he  cannot  get  the  wine  and 
honey  from  Fair  Maid's  hand.  He  falls  into  deep  melancholy.— (17)  Snow 
While  asks  the  Monster  to  let  her  go  on  shoie  10  warm  herself ;  it  is  granted 
if  she  promise  to  reiurn.— (iS)  She  comes  to  aheid  boy  and  ask;,  "  Are  wine 
and  boney  flowing,  ate  the  biids  singing,  is  the  black  Bleed  dead,  is  ihe  King 
of  Erinn's  son  glad?"— (19)  The  herd  reiates  this  to  prince,  who  bids  him 
kindle  a  fire  in  his  hut.— (10)  Snow  White  again  comes  up  on  land,  again 
queslions  the  herd-boy,  who  again  lell»  Ihe  prince,  saying  the  woman  was  like 
I  he  queen, — (10)  Snow  While  again  comes  up,  is  waylaid  by  prince,  who  calls 
together  bb  loldien  and  they  alay  the  Beast. 
Natt. — Editor  points  out  Irish  provenance  lesti6ed  to  by  title  of  hero  ;  tie 


I 


CHAMiJEKS.  i8g 

pre  Clirialian  chuictn  of  luch  inciitcnls  as  the  Druiilic  wand  and  llic  lalie- 
b«ul ;  the  conneclion  of  the  laltcT  with  the  Kelpie  belief.  This  hat  s'ory  iias 
two  "miH";  one  descriptive  of  heroine's  »ppcar»nce  when  [rantfnnned,  tind 
one,  the  heroine'i  question  about  her  home. 


fp.  66-68.        26 


P 


R. Chambers,  Popular  Rhsmes e/ Scotland. 
(From  Fife.) 

"  Rashie  Coat." 
(i)  Raihie  Coat  was  a  king's  daughter,  and  her  bther  tranted  her  lo  marry 
a  man  she  did  not  like,— (2)  She  consulted  the  hen-wife,  who  told  her  lo  say  she 
wooldn't  marry  him  unless  iheji  gave  her  a  ciat  of  beaten  gold  j  [hejga»e  her 
ihii,  but  sti!)  she  woaldu't  marry.  She  again  went  to  the  henwife,  and  under 
her  advice  »ikcd  for  a  coat  made  of  the  feathers  of  birds  The  king  sent  a  man 
with  com  lo  cry  out  to  all  the  birds,  each  biid  take  up  a  pea  and  put  down  a 
feelher  ;  this  the  birds  did,  and  the  coat  was  produced  ;  but  Rashie  Coat 
would  not  marry,  and,  initmcited  by  the  hen- wife,  ibe  aaked  for  a  c>it  of  rukhes 
and  a  pair  of  slipper<i ;  theie  they  gnve  her,  and  the  hen-wife  couldn't  help 
ber  any  more, — (3)  She  left  her  falher'i  house  and  went  fat  and  wide  till  the 
came  to  a  king's  house ;  ihe  obtained  scivice  there  in  the  kitchen  10  wash  the 
dishes. — (4)  On  Sunday  they  all  went  10  church  and  left  her  to  cook  the 
dinner  ;  a  fairy  came  to  her  and  told  het  lo  put  on  the  coat  of  bealen  gold, 
•nd  go  to  church,  and  the  fairy  would  cook  iht  dinner.  She  went  lo  the 
church,  and  the  king's  son  fell  in  lore  with  her,  but  she  ran  home  before  the 
chnrth  was  over,  and  he  could  not  find  out  who  she  was.— (5!  The  next 
Sunday  thi  fairy  told  her  to  pu<  on  her  coat  of  bird's  feathen,  and  go  to 
church  ;  this  she  did,  and  the  king's  s'>n  again  did  n  it  succeed  in  finding  out 
who  she  was.— (6(  The  third  Sunday  the  fairy  told  het  to  pat  on  the  coat  of 
tushes  and  the  slippers,  and  g'l  to  chu'ch.  The  k'ng'i  ton  sat  next  tbe  door, 
and  when  Rashie  Coal  left  Ihe  church  as  before,  he  leli  too,  and  gripped 
ber  ;  she  got  away  ftom  him,  but  losi  her  slipper,  which  he  took  up. — ^(7)  He 
catwcd  a  cry  through  Ihe  country  tha'  he  would  marty  anyone  who  could  get 
Ibe  slipper  00  ;  all  Ihe  ladies  of  Ihe  court  tried,  but  in  vain  ;  the  hen-wife 
sent  ber  daughter,  who  clipped  her  feel  and  got  it  on  that  way,— (3)  The 
king's  son  was  going  to  marry  her,  and  was  riding  away  with  her,  when  a 
bird  sang  out  as  they  passed  by  : 

"  Nippil  hi  and  dippit  Gt, 

Ahint  the  king's  ton  rides  ; 

But  bonny  fit  and  pretty  fit 

AhinI  the  caudron  hides." 

—(91  The  king's  ion  thereupon  flung  off  the  hen-wife's  daughter,  and  sought 
for  and  found  Raibie  Coat ;  he  (ilted  the  slipper  on  her  and  married  bet. 


CHUafNSKY,  Ma/onisskiya  Siasii  {Tales  of  Little  Russia). 
Petersburg,  1878.     Pp.  73.76.     No.  XVIII. 

"The  Girl  with  the  Louse-skin  Coat." 
{I)  Widower  wants  to  muTy  hia  daagliler. — (z)  She  luna  to  lomb  of  deid 
mother,  who  hid;  her  deoiuid  from  falher  a  dies';  liVe  the  dann,  asother  like 
ihc  moon,  another  likt  the  mn.  Each  dress  is  procured, — (3)  Heroine  then 
demandi  11  cloak  made  o(  the  skins  ot  lice,  and  when  father  bring*  il  her,  sliU 
following  mother's  advice,  nhe  dresses  nine  dolls,  and  itji  lo  theoi  nine  times, 
"  Good  morning,  doll  I  Good-bye,  doll  t"  then  goes  to  seek  her  mother  in 
the  other  world.  She  seeks  in  vain,  and  falls  asleep. — (4)  A  gentleman  panes, 
pick«  her  np,  and  makes  her  a  servant  in  his  farm-yard.  —  {5)  One  Sunday 
heroine  doni  her  dawn  dress  and  goes  lo  church.  Everyone  it  amazed.  On 
The  following  Sundays  she  wears  the  other  dressca.— (6)  The  third  Sunday 
the  monks  pour  tome  oil  down  at  the  church  entrance  ;  both  heroine's  shoes 
remain  sticking  to  it,  and  she  escapes  bareloot  and  dons  her  louse  skin  cloak. 
— (7)  Search  is  made  for  Ihe  owner  of  the  ihor,  and  heroine  is  at  length  found 
asleep  on  the  slove.— (8)  The  king,  who  had  fallen  in  love  with  her  in  chnreh, 
now  marries  her.     They  are  alill  alive  and  well. 

[The  sloiy  is  extremely  well  lold  in  the  idiom  of  Liitlc  Russia,  li  was 
heard  in  the  dislrict  of  Pctelislav,  government  of  Pollava.  There  is  a  story 
very  like  this  in  Alhanas'ew  (Moscow,  1863,  Pis.  I  and  11,  pp.  283-285),  UUen 
dawn  in  the  langungc  of  While  Russia,  at  Pohar,  goveinmeni  Czermh6<r, — 
Dk.  Karlowick.] 


F278    CoELHO,  F.  Adolpho,   Cnnloi  populares  Porlugnezes.      [Lisbon, 
1879]     P'  75-     Nn-  XXXI.     (Told  at  Ourilhe.) 
"  Pelle-de-Cavai-I-o"  (Horse-skin). 

ti)  Widowed  king,  with  ibree daughters,  seeks  to  marry  again,  lie  makes 
an  olTei  to  lady,  who  asks  what  he  will  do  with  daughters.  He  undertake)  lo 
dispose  of  them  :  goes  home  and  telts  girls  to  get  ready  [o  go  and  see  Ihe 
tower  of  Moncorvo.  On  reaching  tower  he  bids  them  wail  whilst  he  visits 
friend,  and  leaves  ihem  there.  He  tenils  them  food  till  he  is  married,  then 
neglects  ihem.— (2)  One  day  eldest  daughter  says,  "  You  must  kill  and  eat 
me,"  and  dies;  two  days  alter,  second  sister  says  same,  and  dies.— (3) 
Youngest  sister  mounts  lower,  sees  ship  on  sea,  and  signals  with  handkerchief. 
Hailor?  tell  captain,  who  fetches  her.  She  lakes  all  sisters'  clothes  ;  reaches 
land  ;  meets  old  woman,  and  asks  for  means  of  gaining  livelihood,— (4)  Old 
woman  employs  her  lo  carry  water  for  king.  Heroine  gets  a  dress  made  of 
horse-skin ;  the  court  call  her ''  Horse-skin".- (5)  One  night  there  is  a  boll, 
and  a  servant  asks  Horse-skin  if  she  would  like  lo  stay  and  see  it.  King  has 
proclaimed  that  he  will  give  ring  to  partner  who  pleases  him  most  at  three 
balls,  and  he  will  many  her.  Heroine  pretends  she  would  like  to  go,  but  that 
old  woman  will  not  let  her.     She  drenea  in  elder  tisler'*  clothes,  goes  lo  ball. 


COELHO.  — COLSHORN .  T  g  1 

and  dances  with  king.  Next  dtj  ihe  coiaei  cairying  water,  und  servant  repeals 
Mine  thing  to  her,  gelling  tame  answer. — (G)  She  altends  lecond  ball  in  second 
sislei's  clolbes.  Thiid  da;  servant  again  asks  tloisc-ikin  to  go  to  ball,  and 
see  Udji  to  whom  king  is  certain  to  give  ring,  far  he  has  dunced  with  no  one 
ebe:  Heroine  again  declines. — (7)  She  altends  ball,  dances  with  king,  and  is 
given  the  ring.  Next  dajr  she  canies  water  as  uauaj. — {S)  King  falls  ill  be- 
cause be  does  not  know  lady  to  whom  he  gave  ring.  The  nnrse  tells  tlone- 
skin,  who  throws  ring  into  chicken-broth  nurse  is  currying,  without  her  seeing 
it.  King  finds  ritig.  and  is  pleased.  Nurse  does  not  know  who  threw  il  in, 
but  only  Horee-skin  was  near  iL  She  is  sent  for,  and  king  asks  who  gave  her 
the  ring.  She  will  come  back  directly,  and  tell  him. — (9)  She  goes  home,  dons 
ber  best  clothes,  returns  to  king,  and  asks  if  he  knows  her,  then  lells  her  whole 
history.— (to)  Kinp  will  not  l«i  her  rclum  to  old  woman,  but  marries  her. 


COLSHOHN,  Carl  und  Theodor,  Mdrchtn  und  Sagcn.    Hanover,  371 
1854.     Pp.  143-47.    No.  XLIV.    (From  Altenhagea) 

"  ASCHENPOLING." 
(l)  A  couple  have  eleven  sons,  and  they  have  nothing  to  eat.  Then  the 
woman  has  a  daughter  who  looki  like  a  princess.  Although  the  parents  are 
delighted  wiih  the  child,  no  one  in  the  village  is  pleased,  and  no  one  will  be 
sponsor. — (a)  One  day  father  goes  as  usual  to  forest  lo  hew  wood.  He  rests 
under  a  bush  and  sigfai  from  his  heart.  An  old  woman  comes  from  behind 
fauth  and  asks  woodman  what  is  Ihe  matter.  At  first  he  will  not  tell,  but  at 
last  says  that  he  has  a  lovely  little  diughler,  and  no  one  will  stand  godmother. 
Old  woman  shakes  her  head  sadly,  goes  home  with  hitn,  holds  the  child  over 
the  font,  gives  it  three  gold  pieces,  and  vanishes. — (3)  When  the  child  is  one- 
and-a-half  years  old  she  comes  back,  and  begs  parents  lo  let  her  take  it  away. 
She  brings  the  girl  up  in  her  own  house  in  the  middle  of  the  forest.  Heroine 
it  most  beautiful,  and  on  her  fifteenth  birtbdny  old  woman  lays  she  musi  leave 
her  for  three  days.  She  gives  her  the  keys,  and  she  may  go  into  all  the  loomi 
except  the  one  which  the  little  gold  key  opens.'  She  must  be  careAil  to 
obey,  or  evil  will  befall  them  both.  I  leroine  promises.  First  day  she  is  too 
sad  at  parting  with  old  woman  lo  open  any  of  Ihe  rooms  ;  next  day  she  visits 
them  all  and  is  astoniihed  at  the  splendour  within.  At  night  she  has  no  reat 
(01  thinking  what  must  be  in  room  which  gold  key  opens.  Next  momlni;;  the 
looks  at  all  the  others  again,  and  tbinks  that  if  she  only  opens  door  of  for- 
bidden room  a  little  way  and  peeps,  it  can  do  no  harm.— (4I  She  looks  in, 
and  on  Ihe  wall  opposite  door  sees  a  great  mirror  with  golden  frame,  and  in 
the  mirror  a  lovely  girl  in  royal  raiment,  with  a  crown  of  gold  on  her  bead. 
She  does  not  know  it  is  herself.  But  as  she  goes  neater  for  belter  view  she 
comes  upon  a  cask  full  of  human  blood.  She  is  frightened,  and  drops  het 
thimble  in,  and,  when  she  fetches  it  out,  it  is  full  of  blood,  and  rub  as  she  may, 


192 


CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 


■he  blood  will  nnt  go  noiay.  She  has  scarcely  leFt  the  room  when 
woman  relutns.  and  seeing  slained  thimble,  sayi,  "  Fouliah  child  '.  when  shall 
I  ever  be  set  free  now  1  "  and,  weeping  bitterlj.  old  woman  leads  her  ^m  tbe 
hou?e,  and  says,  "  Now  are  we  parted  for  ever  ;  I  ought  to  be  angry,  but  I 
cannot  scold.  Here  is  my  baptismal  gift-  When  70a  tap  silently  three  limes 
on  this  little  bot,  and  wiih  Tor  anything,'  you  will  have  it.  God  be  with  yon  ! 
Dut  I  shall  never  set  eyes  on  yon  more." — (5)  Old  woman  retorns  to  house, 
and  girl  goes  fortli  sobbing  into  the  forest.  She  does  not  know  her  way,  and 
the  thorns  tear  her  clothes,  and  hands  and  face  ;  she  has  nothing  but  berries  lo 
ea',  and  must  sleep  on  ihe  cold  earth. — (6)  The  king  coniei  hunting  in  the 
forest  I  when  heroine  springs  aside  lo  escape  the  hounds,  fae  thinks  it  must  be 
some  wild  beast,  and  is  ihout  lo  slay  it,  when  he  sees  in  lime  liiat  it  is  a  girl. 
He  has  her  laken  to  palace.  Here  she  must  carry  wood  and  wattr,  and  slit 
Ihe  fire,  and  as  ihe  gets  duily  and  covered  with  ashes,  she  is  atwayi  called 
Aschen poling  —  <7|  King  gives  a  ball  that  he  may  choose  a  bride ;  all  the 
princesses  are  invited.  At  midnight,  when  heroine  has  put  kilchen  in  orde", 
she  bethitikt  hei  that  she  would  tike  a  dance,  and  taps  the  little  box,  and  wishes 
for  a  Toyal  dress.  Clad  in  this  she  enters  ball-room  ;  king  is  dancing  wilh 
lovely  prncess,  but  leave*  her,  and  dances  till  daybreak  with  heroine.  Then 
she  retomg  10  her  work,  and  king  inquiies  in  vain  what  has  become  of  her.— 
(S)  Next  night  there  is  anoiher  ball,  and  agiin  king  forsakes  princess  to  dance 
wilh  heroine.  Again  she  disappears,  leaving  him  very  sad.— (9)  Thi'd  nighi 
he  will  dance  with  Do  one  lill  heroine  arrives.  She  is  wearing  a  dresi  the  like 
of  which  has  never  been  seen.  He  gives  hei  a  gold  ring,  and  thinks  tohiinaelf 
ihit  this  time  the  cannot  possibly  escape  him,  for  he  has  had  the  whole  palace 
surrounded  with  [aldier>!.  Bui  she  only  has  to  return  to  kitchen,  and  do  her 
dirty  work. — (to)  King  falls  sick  un'o  death,  and  sends  messengers  into  all 
the  world  lo  seek  the  beautiful  lady— (ll)  Thiee  days  aflerwards  ihe  cook 
notices  a  ring  on  heroine's  linger.  When  he  questions  her  about  it,  sbe  flingt 
it  inlo  the  soup-dish.  King  finds  it,  and  a>ks  cook  whence  came  ring.  — (12) 
Cook  lells  all  he  knows  and  king  goes  into  kilchen  and  finds  heroine  wearing 
dicis  she  wore  at  Grvl  ball ;  he  makes  her  his  wife.  When  she  is  nude  queiii 
and  wears  gold  crown,  fhe  chances  to  look  into  large  mirror,  and  knows  who 
il  was  she  saw  in  mirro   bi  fore. 


I  28  DoMENicn  CcMPABETTl,  Noi'tlHne  popolari  Italiane.  Ronris, 
Torino,  Firenze,  1875.  (Being  vol,  vi  of  Canii  t  Racennti  at/ 
Popolo  Jtaliano,  pubblicati  per  cura  di  Pomenico  Cotnparetti 
ed  Atessandro  d'Ancona,)     Pp.  95-100.     (From  Pisa.) 

"  La  Cenebentola." 


COMPARETTI.  I95 

CeneKMok"- — (a)  Her  mollict  tends  her  out  every  d«;  lo  mind  duckt,  and 
eives  her  a  jiouod  of  hemp  to  spin.  One  motaing  ihe  driven  duck*  into  a 
ditch,  and  sMji, 

"Dill,  dill,  drink,  drink. 
If  it  is  muddy,  do  not  drink  ; 
If  il  is  clc»r,  drink  without  fear." 

She  hu  scarcely  spolien,  when  she  sees  before  her  an  old  woman,  who, 
learniog  thai  «he  hai  duck*  to  mind  and  hemp  to  spin,  ukt  whether  mother 
never  sends  other  daughter. — (3)  Then  old  woman  eivei  her  a  comb,  and 
bids  her  comb  heisell.  Heroine  b^ins  combing  one  side  of  her  hair,  when  a 
quantity  of  com  falls  from  it,  which  the  ducks  devour.  Then  she  combs  the 
other  tide,  and  diamonds  and  rubies  fall.  Old  woman  givc&  her  box  in  which 
to  put  jewels,  and  tells  her  lo  take  them  home  and  hide  Ibem  in  her  room. 
Heroine  says,  "  But  now  I  have  got  to  ifoo  hemp."  Old  woman  says, 
"  Don't  trouble  yourself  about  that,''  atid,  striking  with  het  wand,  she  com- 
mnitdi  hemp  lo  be  spun,  and  i<  h  done.  She  then  sends  heroine  home, 
bidding  her  return  every  day  lo  see  her.  Heroine  tells  no  one  what  has 
happened,  bul  sits  in  her  chimney -comer.  Every  day  she  visits  old  woman, 
who  makes  her  comb  herself,  and  spins  her  hemp  for  her, — (4)  One  day,  old 
woman  ay^  "To<night  king  gives  a  ball,  to  which  your  father,  mother,  and 
litler  are  invited.  Tbcy  will  ask  you,  for  fun,  if  you  would  like  to  go,  but 
yon  must  say  'No.'  Take  this  little  bird,  hide  il  in  your  room,  and  to- 
night,  when  they  have  all  gone,  say  to  it, 
'  Little  bird  Verdirio, 
Make  me  more  lovely  than  I  know,' 

•nd  jou  will  be  dressed  ready  for  the  ball.  Take  this  little  wand,  and  strike 
with  it,  Ibtn  a  carriage  will  appear.  Go  to  the  ball,  where  no  one  will 
know  yon,  and  the  king's  son  will  dance  with  you.  Take  care  to  leave  when 
they  go  to  the  refreshment'toom,  for  no  one  must  sec  whither  you  go. 
Return  to  bud  and  say, 

'  Little  bird  VerdiiiO, 
Make  me  more  ugly  than  1  know,' 

knd  yon  will  be  as  before,'*  Heroine  lakes  bird,  and  docs  Gverything  as  bidden. 
When  mother  asks  if  she  would  like  to  go  lo  ball,  she  says  "  No".  King's 
son  (all*  in  love  with  her,  and  is  vcied  to  have  lost  sight  of  her.— {5)  He 
giiru  another  ball  in  ihe  hope  of  seeing  her  again.  Mother  and  sisler  talk  of 
lovely  stranger  to  heroiue,  who  again  telli  mother  she  does  not  want  lo  go  lo 
boll.  In  the  morning  she  goes  out  as  usual  with  ducks,  and  old  woman  (ells 
bei  to  go  that  nighl  lo  ball,  and  be  sure  and  leave  as  before,  and  if  she  sees 
anyone  following,  to  strike  wand,  and  saj,  "Quattrini,"  and  throw  these  to 
porfueii.  All  happeiu  as  before.  King  has  told  servants  to  follow  Iter,  but 
the  ttuows  out  money,  and  they  lose  light  of  her. — (6j  King  determines  to 
Kive  •  third  ball.  Mother  returns,  and  tclis  heroine,  who  appears  not  to  care 
la  hear  about  it.     She  buii  old  woman  next  morning,  who  tells  ber  thai  to- 


'94 


CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 


nighl  she  will  have  a  dress  covered  with  little  golden  bell*,  and  a  p»ir  of  gold 
shoes.  If  she  is  roUowed,  she  is  lo  throw  moner  and  one  shoe  ;  but,  above 
ail  things,  not  let  It  be  dbcovered  where  (he  enters.  All  happens  as  before. 
Setiants  follow  cattioge,  and  she  throws  out  money  and  shoe.  But  serranls 
have  been  lold  by  king  that,  on  pain  ot  death,  Ihcy  must  not  (ail  to  see  where 
she  enters  ;  so  Ihey  disr^ard  money.  One  picks  up  the  shoe,  and  thc^  run  so 
fast  that  they  see  where  the  carriage  Etops,  and  report,  and  give  shoe  to  king, 
who  rewards  them. — (7)  Next  morning,  when  hemine  drives  ducks,  old 
woman  says,  "  You  will  have  to  be  very  quick  back  Ibis  morning,  betatue 
the  king  is  coming  for  yoa,"  and  she  at  once  gives  her  the  comb  and  the  spun 
hemp,  and  sends  her  home.  Mother  remarks  how  early  she  has  relamed 
ID-day,  and  heroine  says,  "  Look  at  the  ducks,  how  gorged  they  are."  Al 
noon  the  king'i  son  anives,  and  Ihey  all  run  forward,  except  heroine,  who 
goes  lo  bird  and  says  as  before,  obtaining  dress  with  golden  bells,  and  one 
gold  shoe.— (8)  Meanwhile  king  a^ki  man  how  many  daughters  he  ha^  At 
first  he  only  shows  one  ;  si^erwards  confesses  that  he  has  another,  of  whom 
be  is  ashamed,  liecause  she  is  always  on  the  hearth,  and  i»  covered  with 
ashes.  Prince  hat  her  called.  Bells  jingle  as  she  descends  stairs.  Mother 
says  the  stupid  is  dragging  behind  her  the  shovel  and  tongs.  Prince  recog- 
nises heroine  ;  gives  her  gold  shoe,  which  she  puts  on,  blothing. — (8)  He  asks 
lo  marry  her,  and  parents  cannot  refuie,  Heroine  takes  with  her  the  bird 
and  all  the  jewels  which  old  woman  had  given  her-  She  g 
parents  and  sister. 


Ihid.     Siory  No.  LVII.     Pp.  244-253.     (From  Monlale.) 


"  ZuccAcci.v'  (Ugly  Gourd). 

(I)  King's  wife  is  dying,  and  in  great  distress  king  says  he  will  n 
marry  again  or  have  ladies  about  him.  Wife  says  this  must  not  be,  for,  aishe 
leaves  only  one  daughter,  there  is  no  heir  to  Ihe  throne  ;  but  he  it 
only  Bomcone  who  can  wear  her  ring.  She  dies,  and  king  puts  ring  ii 
inside  bureau,  meaning  never  to  marry  again.— (i)  His  daughter,  who  was  len 
years  old  at  mother's  death,  ii  brought  up  by  nurse,  and  is  very  beautiful.  Une 
day,  wheD  she  is  sixleen  years  old,  she  is  turning  out  the  bureau,  and  comes 
across  little  box  containing  ring,  which  she  puts  on  Gnger,  and  runs  to  show 
father.  He  remembers  wife's  wordi,  and  says  he  mUJt  marry  daughter. — 
(3)  She  is  horrified,  and  escapes  to  nurse,  who  bids  her  not  oppose  father,  but 
tell  him  she  will  marry  him  if  he  first  gives  her  silk  dresi  of  the  colour  of  Ihe 
air,  coverfd  with  stars  of  heaven,  thinking  such  cannot  possibly  be  found. 
King  orders  dress  lo  be  supplied  at  any  cost  whalsoever.  Servants  Ibink 
king  mad,  but  take  quantities  of  money  and  ride  off  in  quest  of  dress.  After 
six  months'  vain  searching,  they  come  lo  a  diy  full  of  Jews.  They  Inquire  for 
what  Ihey  want,  and  find  the  very  thing,  and  take  it  to  king.  He  sends  for 
daughter  to  fulfil  her  promise.  She  runs  in  dismay  lo  nurse,  who  bids  her  lell  I 
father  the  U  not  content  with  lhisdres.i,  and  must  have  another  of  sea-colouied  | 


COMPARETTI.  195 

lilV,  coveted  with  gold-lish.  King's  serruiis  procure  dress,  after  many  months, 
from  the  same  Jew,  Dsughtci,  prompted  by  nurse,  demands  third  diess, 
covered  with  little  bellt  and  chaini  of  gold.  King  h  vexed,  but  bos  dress 
procured,  ind  givei  it  to  heroine,  who  rilli  a*  though  dead.  She  is  carried  to 
nniie'i  room.— (4)  Nurse  comforts  her,  tells  her  to  make  a  buadle  of  the 
dreues,  like  a  bag  of  coppers,  and  escape  quickly.  Nurse  sews  strips  of 
dried  pumpkin  on  to  a  cotton  dres<,  which  she  puts  on  heroine,  covering  her 
head  and  handt,  so  that  she  looks  like  a  great  walking  pumpkin.  Nurse  dis- 
guises herself  also.  They  leave  the  palace  at  night,  and  journey  through 
many  couniries.  The  people  rush  out  to  look  at  walking  pumpkin. — (5)  At 
last  they  come  to  a  city,  and  ire  seen  by  king's  son,  who  is  on  the  pslacc-steps. 
He  laughs  at  the  sight,  and  asks  them  questions.  Nune  says  they  have  come 
from  afar  in  search  of  fortune ;  her  companion  is  called  Zuccaccia.  Prince 
engages  her  to  lend  his  horse  in  stable,  and  be  scullion  in  the  kitchen.  He 
talks  with  her  every  day.  Nurse  goes  away  on  her  own  affairs.— (6)  Oneday 
prince  tells  heroine  that  it  is  bis  custom  to  give  three  balls  every  fear,  and 
invites  her  to  come.  WhiUt  speaking,  he  taps  her  on  ihe  knees  with  the 
shovel  in  hiiband.  .She  .uys  he  can  only  be  leasing  her  ;  who  is  she  lo  go  to 
ball  ?  First  ball  takes  place.  Suddenly  a  beautiful  lady  enters  in  dress  tike 
the  stai-covered  sky.  Prince  rushes  to  meet  her,  dances  with  her,  and  asks 
whence  she  comes.  Heroine  replies,  "From  Rap-Shove!  on  the  Knees." 
He  cannot  understand  her :  begs  her  to  accept  gold  pin,  which  she  at  once 
puts  in  her  hair.  Midnight  sounds,  and  prince  goes  to  get  refreshment.  He  is 
only  absent  a  little  nhile,  but  on  his  return  the  beauty  has  gone,  no  one  knows 
whither.— (7I  Neil  day  prince  Hnds  Zuccaccia,  and  tells  her  of  unknown 
beaulj,  and  his  distress  at  not  understanding  whence  she  comes.  He  then 
tells  her  of  second  ball  to-night,  and  in  speaking,  hiti  her  across  shoulder  with 
•hip  in  bis  hand.  Heroine  appears  at  second  ball  in  sea-colouied 
Dnd  tells  prince  she  comes  from  "  Whip-cut  00  the  Shoulders",  and  will 
tell  him  nothing  further.  He  puis  on  her  Gager  a  ring,  with  his  name 
inscribed  on  it.  Whilst  he  turns  to  give  an  order,  she  disappears. — (8)  Ne»t 
notning  he  is  talking  10  Zuccaccia  as  before,  and,  when  inviting  her  to  third 
ball,  hits  ber  on  the  feet  with  the  tongs.  Heroine  goes  to  third  ball,  wearing 
dress  with  golden  belh,  itbich  ring  as  she  walks.  Tells  prince  she  comesfrom 
'  Strike-Tongs  on  the  Feet".  Prince  hides  face  in  bis  handt,  saying  it  ia  clear 
she  meuu  to  brenk  bit  heart.  When  he  raises  bis  bead  she  is  gone.  Whilst 
dandog,  he  had  given  her  his  portrait  to  wear  round  her  necli.^9)  From 
this  night,  prince  falls  ill,  will  eat  nothing,  and  cannot  sleep  for  thinking  of  his 
love-  Doctors  onoot  ease  him.  One  day  he  sends  for  his  mother,  and  says 
be  has  one  wish^tbal  Zaccaccia  shall  make  bim  Some  soup.  Mother  exclaims 
at  his  wonting  that  dirly  thing  to  make  it  for  him;  but  he  persists, — 
(10)  Heroine  puts  on  clean  apron,  and  makes  soup,  putting  in  gold  pin,  and 
Knds  U  him  by  servant.  Prince  finds  pin  and  calls  out.  Mother  thinks  be 
bu  fotuid  something  nasty.  He  rrders  more  soup,  and  heroine  sends  it  him 
tMce  miN«,  first  with  the  ring  in  it,  and  then  with  the  portrait.  Prince  rushes 
to  find  Zuccaccia,  and  asks  who  gave  her  the  things,  and  she  replies  the;  were 
hii  own  gilts. — (It)  She  then  tells  everything,  takes  off  disguise,  and  appears 


jg6  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

as  at  last  t»U.     Prince  presenls  her  lo  his  molheias  hii  bride.— (I2|  AmoBglt 
other  guests,  her  own  father  comet  to  wedding,  and  does  not  recogni 
She  asks  him  if  he  has  no  child,  and  be  says  he  bad  ■  daughter,  but  she  fled 
from  his  house.     Heioine  says,  "  and  with  good  reason,  seeing  lie  wanted 
Qiarrj  her."   She  then  makes  hecscK  known,  and  shows  mother's  ring.    Father 
asks  her  forgiveness. 


Ibid.     No.  L.XI,  pp.  264-68.     (From  Monlale.) 


"Occhi-Marci"  (Blear-Eye). 

1)  King  asks  his  three  daughters  how  much  Ihey  love  Mm.  First  lafs, 
"  As  much  as  bread"  ;  second,  "  As  much  as  wine"  :  and  wilh  these  answers  he 
is  contented.  Youngest  daughter  sajs,  "  As  much  i,%  salt",  and  because  salt 
melts  away,  father  thinks  she  wishes  his  destruction,  and  with  curses  drites  her 
from  home. — (:)  Heroine,  who  is  only  firieen,  weeping,  seeks  her  nurie,  who 
comforts  her,  bids  her  take  bag  of  gold,  then  they  set  out  logelher,  carrying 
bundle  of  cloihes.  They  journey  many  days.  Nurse  has  some  pains  lo  pro- 
tect beautiful  girl.— (3)  One  day  they  enter  a  city,  and  meet  the  funeral  of  an 
old  woman  aged  a  huudrcd  years.  Nurse  thinks  if  she  can  buy  her  skin  they 
are  safe.  They  enter  church,  and  «fier  service  nurse  persuades  grave-digger 
to  sell  old  woman's  skin  for  twenty  auiii.  She  sews  this,  with  the  white  hwr, 
and  the  hands  and  nails  on  a  cotton  foundation,  and  puts  it  on  heroine,  making 
her  Jouk  a  hundred  years  old.  They  proceed  on  their  way  without  further 
annoyance,  only  people  wonder  lo  see  old  woman  walk  so  swiftly. — (4)  Arrived 
at  greil  city,  king's  son  notices  old  woman  and  questions  nunc  about  her. 
Nurse  says  she  can  answer  for  herself,  and  heroine  says  she  is  one  hundred  and 
lifieen  years  old,  and  that  she  comes  from  her  o«n  country,  and  her  father  and 
her  mother  are  her  parents.  Prince  is  much  amused,  end  asks  kingand  queen 
as  a  favour  lo  himself  to  keep  old  woman  at  palace.  She  hat  a  room  given 
her,  and  the  prince  visits  her  often  for  the  amusement  of  talking  wilh  her. 
Nurse  relnrns  to  her  home.— (5)  Old  woman  lives  happily  at  palace,  and  ia 
nicknamed  Occhi-Matci.  Queen  ojka  if  she  can  do  anything,  and  she  replies 
that  whin  she  was  fifteen  she  could  spin  and  cook,  but  now  eyes  and  bandsare 
too  feeble.  Queen  bids  her  try  to  Spin,  and  sends  her  some  wool.  I  lerjine 
locks  door,  doHs  disguise,  and  spins.  Queen  and  all  the  court  are  amaied  to 
see  how  beautifully  blind  old  woman  spins,  and  queen  bids  her  make  ■  shirt  for 
prince.  They  take  her  line  stuff,  and  after  locking  door  she  make*  shirl,  and 
embroiders  the  front  with  flowers.  All  maivel  at  the  lively  halidlwoiL— (6) 
Prince  determines  to  find  out  what  she  does  when  alone,  so  matches  at  key. 
hole,  and  sees  her  doff  disguise  before  earing.  He  hursts  open  door  and 
rushes  to  embrace  heroine,  who  is  frightened  and  tries  to  escape.  She  tells  her 
history,  and  prince  asks  her  lo  marry  him,— (7)  On  the  wedding  day  her 
father  comes  with  other  guesis,  but  does  not  recognise  her.  Heroine  silx 
betide  him.  and  has  given  orders  that  all  his  food  shall  be  prepared  without 
tall,  and  io  consequence  he  can  cat  nothing.      When  the  feast  is  over  heroine 


I 


COMPARETTI.^CORAZZINI.  1 97 

a  on  thii,  and  Htther  mjs  he  cuinot  ponibly  eM  food  wilhout  salt. 
"Then  jou  like  B«lt?"  i»ys  ihe.  "  Yes,  for  I  don't  know  how  lo  do  without 
ir."  "Then  why,  my  Talher,  did  yon  send  me  from  bonie?cK."  Fmher 
tccognuet  her,  ■ecJ  begs  torgiTcnesf. 


Francesco  Corazzim.  /  Componomenli  minort  dtlla  lUteraiura    16 
pofoian  nti  primipali  dialelU.     Ber.evento,   1877.     Pp.  435- 
439.      (Story    ctjllected    in     Benevento.       For    second    half 
relating  lo  Cinderella,  see  pp.  437-39-) 

"U  Padre  e  a  Ficlia"  (Father  and  Daughter). 
(I)  Man  has  wife  so  vain  of  her  beauty  that  evecy  day  she  mounts  bigh 
tenraoe  {loggia),  and  luks  ihc  sua  ; 

"  Oh,  my  round  sun, 
Ciicting  so  high  : 
Say,  is  there  one 

In  all  the  world  more  fair  than  I  ?" 


And  the  sun  replies, 
atked,  the  sun  replies, 
to  beautiful  daughter, 


'  No,  no,  DO  I"  till  she  becotnei  ugly.     Then,  when 

'Yes,  yes,  yes  !"     She  falls  ill,  and  after  giring  birth 

lies. — {I)  When  daughter  is  fifteen  years  old  father 

ided  by  her  confessor,  she  succeeds  in  cheating  h 


I 


and  beeping  him  at  bay.  till  at  last,  when  the  wedding  is  liaed,  after  having 
received  the  various  impossible  gifts  requested  from  father,  (3)  she  escapes  in 
guise  of  old  woman,  and  het  father  is  carried  off  lo  hell  by  the  devil.  Under 
SembUnce  of  little  old  woman  heroine  seeks  the  fairies,  and  inquires  where 
she  can  get  hired  as  servant.  Fairies  point  out  king's  palace,  where  the  old 
woman  who  used  to  lend  poultry  has  just  died,  and  they  bestow  fairy  blessing, 
making  her  lovelier  than  the  sun. — (4)  Heroine,  disguised,  takes  service,  and 
lives  with  innkeeper,  who  sends  her  daily  with  something  for  king.  King  is 
pleased  with  her,  and  one  day  bids  her  put  on  his  boots,  as  he  is  going  10  a  fes. 
tival.  She  does  so  always  afterwards.  Old  woman  says,  "Take  me  too  to  the 
festival."  And  king  gives  her  blow  on  the  face  with  the  boot,  and  goes  to  (he 
ball. — (5)  Heroine  goes  downstairs,  dolTs  old  woman's  skin,  dons  dress  with 
inn  and  moon  on  it,  and  drives  in  carriage  to  ball.  King  goes  into  ecstasies 
when  he  sees  her,  dances  with  no  one  else,  and  asks  of  what  country  she  is. 
"  From  Boot-hit,"  she  says.  In  the  middle  of  <lie/rV<  she  disappears,  returns 
lo  king's  palace,  and  puts  old  woman's  (kin  on  her  back.  King  returns 
inflamed  with  love,  and  the  aski  him,  "  Master,  how  did  the  ball  go  otf  ?" 
"  Oh,  do  let  me  alone  I  There  wai  such  a  lovely  girl  there  that  1  have  had 
DO  pMCc  ever  since."— 1 6)  Next  day  king  ia  going  to  ball,  and  old  woman, 
whilst  pulling  on  his  stockings,  begi  him  to  like  her  too.  King  hits  her  in 
the  face  with  a  stocking.  When  he  has  started  heroine  dons  a  dress  of  the 
colour  of  •ea-vravee,  goea  to  ball,  dances  always  with  king;  says  she  comes 


198  CINDERELr.A    VARIANTS. 

from  "  Stocking-hit".  King  put*  ring  on  her  finger.  She  depi.m ;  llie  | 
gentlemen  run  after  tier ;  she  throws  ashes,  and  (hey  see  nothing  i 
There  is  Ihe  same  scene  at  the  pakee.— (7)  Tben  king  fills  i!l  ;  old  wi 
prepares  him  a  dish  of  vermicelli  {lasliolini) ;  he  eals  it,  and  recovcra.  Then 
she  makes  him  a  cake  l/'ua)  with  the  ring  inside,  and  he  cannol  imagine  how 
it  got  into  old  woman's  hinds.— (8)  That  evening  he  is  being  dressed  for  ball ; 
again  old  woman  wants  to  be  taken,  and  king  hits  her  face  with  his  garter. 
Heroine  goes  to  ball,  and  king  dances  with  her  ;  but  l>efa(e  she  leaves  he  goes 
and  hides  in  a  house,  facing  his  own  palace.  Heroine  throws  the  usual  axhex 
at  the  gentlemen  who  follow  her,  and  enters  the  palace.— (9)  Whilst  she 
taking  off  ball-dress  king  surprises  her,  and  holds  her  fast  10  prevent  her 
gelling  inside  old  woman's  skin.  He  recognises  her  as  the  lady  from  " 
hit",  from  "  Stocking-hit",  from  "  Garter  hit",  and  marries  her. 


[See  Crane's  "Maria  Wood",   No.    157  (taken 
from  this).] 


I  216  C\ti.O\.iv\COKOVY.v\-B¥.%ii,  Novellr popolari Sologntsi.  No.  Ill, 
pp.  200-204.  (In  II  Prof-ugnatiire,  va\.  vii,  pi.  1.  liologna, 
1874.) 

"  La  Fola  del  Candlib." 
(1)  King  ha*  three  daughters.  Withicglo  be  assured  of  their  love,  he  calls 
each  in  turn  and  asks,  "How  mnch  do  you  love  me?"'  Eldest  ■ajri, 
"Belter  Ihnn  my  eyes  "  ;  second  says  the  same  ;  youngest  says  she  loves  blm 
AS  much  as  salr.^(2)  He  drives  her  away  in  a  rage,  and  gives  orders  for  herlo 
be  taken  to  wood  and  killed.  Queen,  who  is  very  fond  of  youngeit  daughter, 
plans  to  save  her,  and  has  large  silver  candlestick  made,  and  puts  heroine,  who 
is  called  Zizola,  innde  it.  Then  iiueen  calls  faithful  servant  and  bids  him  tell 
candlestick.  If  a  poor  man  should  ask  price,  he  must  name  a  prohibitive  one, 
but  if  a  gentleman  would  purchase  candtestick,  he  most  ask  a  paltry  sum,  and 
let  him  have  it.  Queen  embraces  heroine  weeping,  puta  dried  figs,  chocolate, 
and  biscuits  in  candlestick,  and  bids  hei  farewell. ^(j)  Servant  carrie*  candle- 
slick  into  piazza,  and  after  having  prevented  its  purchase  by  various  poor 
people,  yiflds  it  to  the  son  of  the  king  of  tligh  Towera,  who  likes  it  to  his 
palace.  Prince  shows  it  lo  mother,  and  wishes  it  kept  in  dining.room.  All 
admiie  it.  Prince  is  in  habit  of  spending  evening  out,  and  as  he  retoms  late, 
allows  servants  lopnt  supper  ready  for  hiro.and  then  go  to  bed.  Perceiving  thb, 
heroine  comes  out  of  hiding-place  and  eata  all  the  supper.  Prince  relnmini;, 
and  finding  nothing  left,  rings  all  the  bells,  scolds  servanis,  and  threatens  lo 
discharge  them  spile  of  ibeirexcu^ef.    They  are  lo  shut  up  dog  and  catinfutuic, 

N.B. — In  IbeBolngneaian  dialect  iiMdnr  ii  n*e4l 


CORnNF.ni-BERTl. — COSQUIN. 


HJIJ 


hat  thii  duK  not  occur  again.    Next  aiglit  ihe  tftmc  ibing  happens  ;  prince  i!> 

■  lowering  r»gc.      "We'll  see;   to-motrow  nighll" — (()  He  hides  next 

Ittighl  under  Inble  covered  with  clolh  teaching  to  the  floor.     The  candlestick 

■Apens,  and  out  come«  a.  lovely  girl,  who  lils  at  table  and  eats  with  r  will. 

:s  forth  from  hiding  :  shi^  tries  to  escape,  but  hi:  huldi  her  back. 

BK-eDconragea  hi^r,  and  proniiars  to  mirry  her.      At  length  shr  returns  to 

■Candlestick,  and  prince  goci  to  bed.     Rut  he  cannot  steep,  and  next  mornbg 

M  onien  for  candlestick  to  be  cairied  lo  his  room,  for  he  admires  it  so 

A.      Henceforth  he  has  coffee,  lunch,  dinner,  and  every  meal  served  in 

room  for  two  persons,  and  when  ^rvants  have  le^,  locks  the  door  and 

asesheroine.    Queen  mother  concerned  that  prince  will  never  eat  with  her. 

He  bids  her  be  patient. — (5)  At  length  be  tells  her  he  means  to  take  a  wife  ; 

she  it  pleased,  and  a&ks  if  he  has  cboKD.      He  lays  he  is  e^'^g  'c  mariy  the 

Cftodleslick.     She  fears  he  is  insane,  and  reasons  with  him,  bul  is  obliged  to 

.  make  preparation*  for  wedding.     The  day  airives,   the  carriagES  diair  up; 

Lprince  ha&  candlestick  placed  in  first  carriage,  and  sea's  himself  beside  it.    It 

■  ft  carried  into  church  ;  at  fJlTing  moment  prince  opens  it ;  out  springs  heroine, 

0  brocade  and  resplendent  with  jewels.     After  ceremony  they  reluni 

Id  palace,  and  queen  learns  heroine's  sad  stor}'.     All  neighbouring  ItJngs  altend 

wedding  festivities,  amongst  them  heroine's  falher,— (6)  Queen  wants  10  give 

him  a  good  lesson,  and  has  separate  table  prepared  for  him,  and  tells  gucsls 

Ihat  bride  is  indisposed,  and  cannot  appear.      Bride's  father  lattes  one  dish 

Iifler  another,  but  finding  all  so  insipid,  is  obliged  to  leave  them.  Suddenly 
bia  daughter  comes  into  his  mind,  and  he  ii  so  overcome  with  giief  that  he 
bnrils  into  tears,  exclaiming,  "What  a  brule  I  have  been!"  Queen  asks 
what  ia  amisi,  and  he  relates  story  of  Zizola.  Queen  sends  for  heroine,  and 
|i»e»  her  into  father's  arms.  She  relates  all  thai  has  befallen  her.  Her 
Mother  is  then  fetched,  and  festivities  renewed. 


t 

to 


CoSQUiN,  Conits populaires  dt  Lorraine.     Pp.  J46-47- 

No.  XXI I  i. 

"The  Golden  Peak-trek." 


I         (hee 
^  Secc 


(1)  Father  and  mother  have  three  daughters;  mother  hates  youngest  and 
•ends  her  daily  to  mind  sheep,  giving  her  bag  of  ilones  instead  of  bread. — 
(3)  One  day,  whilst  searching  for  slrawtierries,  heroine  is  met  by  man,  who, 
leaining  thai  she  seek*  food,  gives  her  a  wand  with  which  to  strike  the  biggest 
and  obtain  all  she  wants.  Man  disappears.  Heroine  strikes  sheep,  and 
spread  before  hei  a  table  with  bread,  wine,  meat,  acd  sweets.  After  she 
feasted,  table  disappear, — 13)  This  happens  every  day,  till  mother  wonder- 
ing why  heroine  looks  well- nourished,  sends  second  daughter  to  spy  on  her. 
Second  daughter  fails  asleep ;  meanwhile  heroine  procures  food  as  before. 
Second  danghler  returns  lo  say  keroine  has  neither  eaten  nor  drunk  ;  bul  mother 
suspecting  second  daughter  was  asleep,  sends  eldest  nexl  day,— (4)  She  pre- 
tends lo  sleep,  and  tees  heroine  feed,  and  reports  lo  mother.     Mother  frignl    1 


ELLA    VARIANT!!, 

illness,  and  sski  fathei'  lo  kill  biggest  sheep,  and  will  not  hare  ftntl  tnsUad.    ' 
Sheep  ii  killed, — (5)  Heroine  hunts  for  strawtenies  and  bUckbertiej  ;  same 
man  appear;,  and  bids  her  collect  alt  ihe  bones  of  :heep,  and  put  lliem  in  a 
heap  near  ihe  hau^.     Heroine  docs  so,  and  golden  pear  'ree  springs  from  the 
bones. ^ — (6)  One  iay,  when  she  is  in  ihe  fields,  king  passes  by  house  and, 
seeing  pear-lree,  declares  he  will  wed  whomsoeieT  can  pluck  golden  pears. 
Elder  daughlersTrj,  but  branches  sirclch  up  higher  and  higher,  and  ihey  can- 
not retch  Iruil.      Heroine  relBmr,  and  sajt  she  will  climb  tree  ;  moiher  tries 
to  dissaade  htr.     Branches  bow  down  to  her  ;  king  marries  her. — (7)  A  year   , 
after,  whilst  king  is  at  ihe  war,  queen  beats  twins,  each  wiih  gold  sti 
brow.     At  the  same  time  dog  has  two  puppies  with  gold  star.     King's  moiber    1 
writes  to  him,  sajing  heroine  has  bome  two  poppies.' — (S)  King,  enraged, 
sends  order,  arterwards  execated,  for  heroine  to  be  hanged. 


/hd.,  i,  pp.  248-50.  (Variant  of  the  above.) 
"Golden  Bells." 
(1)  Dying  queen  enjoins  daughter.  Flatir;e,  above  all  things  to  lake  c 
of  little  white  lamb,  or  disasler  will  ensue.  At  her  death  king  marries 
queen  who  has  daughter  named  Tmitonne.  Stepmother  hates  Ploiine.  and 
sends  her  to  licld  to  mind  sheep,  giving  her  for  day's  food  tiny  piece  o{  black 
bread,  hard  a^  stone. — (2)  Every  morning  Florine  takes  her  scrap  of  bread 
and  follows  sheep  ;  but  when  out  of  sight,  she  calls  ihe  Utile  whi'e  lamb,  and 
strikes  its  right  ear  with  wand,  whereupon  well-spread  Isble  appeals.  Haring 
eaten,  she  sinkes  lamb  on  left  ear,  and  all  disappears. ^(3)  Slepmolher,  sur-  I 
prised  that  heroine  ii  not  starved,  sends  own  daughter  10  spy  on  her,  Trui- 
lonne  a; ks  heroine  to  clean  her  hair,  and  falls  asleep  during  operation.  Then 
Florine  obtains  food  as  before.  At  night  stepsister  tells  stepmother  she  has 
seen  nothing,  but  confesses  she  fell  asleep,  and  promises  not  to  do  so  nert  dkjr. 
She,  therefore,  only  pretends  to  sleep,  and  sees  what  happenF.^(4l  Queen 
feigns  illness,  and  will  eat  nothing  but  lamb  ;  king  at  lirst  object!  10  kilting 
Florine's  pet,  but  at  last  consents.— (s)  Lamb  bids  heroine  collect  all  itt  bones 
and  pat  ihem  on  pear-tree,  whose  branches  will  then  be  decked  with  little 
golden  bells  which  will  ring  wilhont  ceasing  ;  if  they  are  silent  it  will  betoken 
ill.  All  happens  m  limb  predicts. — (6)  One  day,  uhca  heroine  ii  in  Beldt, 
king  passes  near  castle,  and  seeing  golden  bells,  says  he  will  marry  any  who 
can  pick  him  one.  Tniitonne  tries  ;  stepmother  lilts  her  up  to  tree,  but 
branches  get  higher  and  higher  out  of  her  teach.  King  asks  if  she  has  another 
daughter:  moiher  says  yes,  bat  "she  is  only  tit  to  mind  sheep".  King  will 
see  her,  and  awaits  her  return.  She  comes  home  with  flock  of  sheep,  and 
says  to  tree,  "  Little  pear-tree,  bend  for  me  to  pick  your  bells."  She  gather 
anapionfulU  and  gives  them  to  king,  who  tikes  her  tocaslleand  m 


COSQUIN. 


301 


I 


time  after  Fiorine  fitUi  ill,  and  kine,  being  caJled  to  the  wan,  beg) 
ttepmother  to  Uke  care  of  her.  King  departi,  uid  slepinothrT  ihrovs  Fiorine 
in  the  river,  and  puts  Truiloiine  in  her  place.  Al  once  ihe  golden  bells  cease 
ringing.  King  hearing  ihem  no  longer  (Ihef  can  be  heaid  200  leagues  all 
imind),  recollecu  that  thU  WM  10  be  sign  of  misrortune,  anl  teturni  home 
in  haste. — (Sj  Passing  river,  he  «ees  hand  coming  up  oul  of  water.  leiies  it,  and 
dnm  forth  FloHne,  who  is  Kill  alive.  He  lakes  her  back  to  castle,  bangs 
nepmother  and  stepsiiler,  and  takes  old  king  to  live  with  Ihem. 


//■id.,  vol.  i,  pp.    173  ff. 

"The  Golden  Bull," 

(1)  Queen,  on  her  death-bed,  eiacti  promise  from  king  that  he  will  only 
tauTj  a  woman  more  beautiful  thnn  herself.  At  her  death  search  is  made 
for  filling  bride.  Only  king's  daughter  is  more  beautiful  than  dead  mother  ; 
king  resolves  10  marry  her. — (i)  Daughter  seeks  aid  of  godmother,  who  bids 
het  Aral  aik  of  king  a  robe  like  the  sun.  This  is  provided,  and  daughter  next 
demands  robelike  the  moon.— (3)  When  this  is  procured  she  a.<ks  for  a  golden 
bull.  King  commands  that  all  gold  ornaments  in  kingdom  be  taken  to  gold. 
smith  and  converted  into  bull.  Princess  goes  secretly  to  jeweller,  and  be^s 
bim  to  make  bull  hollow. — (4)  On  day  fixed  for  wedding  she  opens  secret  door 
in  side  of  ball,  and  shuli  herself  up  in  il.  She  is  sought  in  vain  ;  king  is 
rarions.^5)  A  neighbouring  prince,  fallen  ill,  craves  of  his  parenis  a  golden 
bnIL  rrincess's  father  oHers  his.  Prince  keeps  gold  bull  in  his  room.  He 
will  have  no  one  in  room  with  him,  and  eats  meals  alone.  On  first  day, 
whilst  prince  doics,  princess  steals  out  and  takes  plate  of  food.  She  does  the 
aatneon  following  days.  Prince,  astonished  at  disappearance  of  fuod,  changes 
his  room,  but  since  he  takes  bull  same  thing  happens  again.  —(6)  Determines 
to  feign  sleep  and  watch  for  Ibief.  Princess  comes  oul  of  bull,  is  frightened  to 
find  prince  awake,  throws  herself  at  bb  (cet,  and  tells  her  slory.  Prince  re- 
assares  her,  promising  to  keep  her  secret,  and  orders  double  fare  on  her 
accouDl.  Prince  recovers  and  departs  lo  war,  telling  princess  that  on  his 
retumhe  wilt  tap  bull  three  limes  wilh  his  slick. ^(7)  During  prince's  absence 
hia  Atlher  shows  bull  to  visitors,  one  of  whom  taps  it  to  see  if  it  is  hollow  ; 
[HinceH,  deceived,  issues  from  hiding-place,  and  is  greatly  alarmed.  Tells 
llory  (o  king,  who  allows  her  to  live  at  castle. —(S)  A  young  girl  brought  up 
at  conrt  lo  be  prince's  bride  becomes  jealous  of  princess,  and  one  day,  when 
walking  with  her  in  the  wood,  bids  her  sloop  down  lo  look  to  iMltom  of  deep 
pit,  pushes  her  in,  and  ruos  away.  Princess  is  unhurt,  and  calls  for  he1p,~ 
t9)  Charcoal-burner  draws  her  out  and  takes  her  to  caslle.  Prince  has  jusi 
reluiiied,  and  preparations  are  being  made  for  his  wedding. — |io|  Learning 
what  has  happened,  he  orders  finnc^t  to  be  thrown  into  bonfire  which  is 
burning  before  castle,  and  marries  princcs>. 


Crane.  Italian  Popular  Tales.     London,  1885,     No,  IX. 

pp.  42-4  7  ■ 

"Cinderella." 

(See  Imbriani,  No.  51,  from  which  this  version  is  taken.) 


157       Il'id.,  pp,  48-5Z. 


(From  the  province  of  Vicenza. 
op.dl.,  p.  484.) 


"Fair  Maria  Wood." 


(1)  Husband  and  wife  have  only  o 


:  child,  I 


Wife  f4ll«  ill,  and 


before  dying  makes  her  husband  promise  he  will  marrj'  no  one  whom  her  ring 
does  not  fil.— (3)  After  her  death  he  takes  off  htr  wedding-ring.  »nd  when  he 
wishes  to  marry  again  seeks  in  vain  for  someone  whom  the  ring  fits  ;  at  last 
tries  it  on  his  daughter  ;  it  fits  her,  and  he  wants  to  mairy  her.— (3)  She  does 
not  oppose  him,  but  consents.  On  the  day  of  the  wedding  she  begs  foe  four 
most  beautiful  silk  dresses,  which  he  gives  ;  then  she  afki  for  a  wooden  dress 
in  which  she  can  conceal  herself ;  he  gives  this  also.— (4)  She  waits  one  day 
till  be  is  out  of  sight,  puts  on  the  wooden  dtess  with  the  four  silk  ones  under 
it,  goes  to  a  river  not  far  off,  throws  herself  in,  and  tloats  in  the  wooden  drest. 
— ($}  Water  carries  her  a  long  way,  till  she  sees  a  gentleman  on  the  bank  ; 
she  cries  oat,  "  Who  wants  the  fair  Maria  Wood?"  Gentleman  calls  her;  she 
comes  out ;  he  lakes  her  home  to  his  mother,  who  lakes  her  as  a  servant.— 
(6)  The  gentleman  goes  to  balls  ;  the  servant  begs  mistress  to  let  her  go  and 
see  the  dancing  ;  mistress  refuses.  She  waits  (ill  mistress  is  in  bed,  dresses 
herself  in  One  of  the  silk  dresses,  and  becomes  most  beautiful  woman  ever 
seen,  does  to  ball ;  all  da;iled  ;  she  sils  down  near  master  ;  he  asks  her  lo 
dance,  and  will  dance  with  no  one  else.  Asks  her  whence  she  comes  ;  she 
tells  him  from  a  distance.  At  certain  hour  she  disappears,  goes  home,  pats 
on  wooden  dress.  Gentleman  tells  his  mother  when  he  comes  home  in  the 
morning  of  beautiful  lady,  and  that  she  only  told  him  she  came  from  a  dblance  i 
that  he  thonghl  he  should  die,  and  wishes  to  go  again.  Servant  hears  all,  but 
keeps  lilencc. — [7I  He  prepares  himself  again  for  the  ball ;  servant  begs  him 
to  let  her  go.  saying  mistress  had  refused  her  tbe  night  before.  "  Be  (till, 
ugly  creature  ;  the  ball  is  no  place  for  you,"  says  he.  She  penisls.  He 
beats  her  ;  she  weeps,  — (S)  Aller  he  has  gone,  and  mistress  is  in  bed,  she  puts 
on  another  dress,  finer  than  the  lint,  and  all  the  handsomest  young  men  beg 
her  to  dance;  she  refuses  all  but  the  master.  He  asks  who  she  is  ;  she  says 
she  will  tell  him  later,  but  she  disappears.  He  runs  here  and  there  asking  for 
her  ;  no  one  has  seen  her, — ^9]  He  goes  home  and  letls  his  mother,  who 
gives  him  a  diamond  ring  to  give  her,  so  that  if  she  takes  il  he  may  know  she 
loves  him.     Servant  I btens,  sees  everything,  but  is  silenL— (10)  In  tbe  evening 


I 


•X  again  prepares 


lor  baU; 


It  again  b^  to  go,  and  he  beala  her. 


He  eoM  to  ball,  uid  tflet  midnight,  as  beroie,  beautiful  lady  relums ;  will 
only  dance  with  muter.  lleoCTerg  bcr  the  ring;  she  accepis  iL  He  asks 
whence  she  comes ;  she  aajrs  she  is  of  thai  cauntry 

"  That  when  lliey  speak  of  going  lo  a  ball 
They  aie  beaten  on  the  bead", 

and  says  no  more.  Al  usual  hour  ihe  leaves  oS  danang  and  goes  ;  he  nins 
after  her,  but  cannot  overtake  her.  He  runs  hither  and  thither,  till  when  at 
last  he  teaches  home  he  goes  to  bed,  more  dead  Ihan  alive. — (ll)  Then  he 
falls  ill ;  all  say  he  will  die  ;  he  does  nothing  but  ask  for  th»l  lady.  Servant 
hears  at),  waits  till  ber  mistress's  eye  is  turned,  drops  diamond  ring  in  the  broth 
her  master  is  lo  eat.  No  one  sees  her.  Mother  takes  him  the  broili  ;  he  tindi 
ting;  is  beside  himself  with  joy. — (t2|  Servant  meanwhile  goes  to  her  room, 
takei  off  wooden  dress,  pals  on  one  all  of  >tllk,  so  that  she  appears  a  beauty  ; 
goes  to  mailer's  room  i  the  mother  cries  out,  "  Here  she  is.  here  she  is  '■"  She 
goes  smiling  to  son,  who  is  beside  himself,  and  becomes  well  at  once.  She 
tells  bet  ilory  ;  they  are  married. 


J.  CuRTiN,  Mytks  and  Folk-lore  of  Ireland.     London,  1870, 
Pp.  73-92.     (Taken  down  from  the  folk.) 

"Fair,  Brown,  and  Tbembi-Inc." 

{))  King  (Aeah  Carucha)  has  threedaughlers,  Fair,  Brown,  and  Trembling. 
— (2)  Two  eldest  have  fresh  gowns,  and  go  to  church  on  Sundays  ;  youngest, 
from  jealousy,  is  kept  at  borne,  cookbg,— (3)  Son  of  King  o(  Omnnya  falls  in 
love  with  eldest  daaghter. — (4)  Henwife  offers  Trembling  beaulifiil  cluthea  to  go 
to  church  in. — (5)  Trembling  asks  for  dress  white  as  snow,  and  for  green 
■hoes.  —  (6)  Henwife  puts  on  cloak  of  darkness,  clips  a  piece  from  Trembling's 
old  clothes,  and,  asking  for  these  objecQ,  obtains  them. — (7)  She  further 
gives  to  Trembling  a  honey-bird  for  ber  tight  shoulder,  a  honey-finger  for  ber 
left,  and  a  milk-while  mare.— (S)  Trembling  is  not  lo  go  inside  church, — 
(9I  First  visit  lo  church  :  dighl ;  wonder  of  beholders  ;  sisters  get  dresses 
like  stranger. — (9a)  Second  risil :  dress  of  black  satin,  red  shoes,  and  black 
mare. — (10)  Third  visit :  dress  ted  as  n  rose  for  skirt,  and  white  as  snow  for 
bodice,  cape  of  green,  hat  and  shoes  red,  while,  and  green.  Henwife  clips  a 
few  locks  of  Trembling's  hair,  whereupon  it  becomes  golden  and  long. 
Maie  white  and  blue,  with  gold-coloured  spots,  and  a  bird  singing  between 
ill  ears. — (II)  King  of  Omanya's  son  forgels  eldest  daaghter  in  admiration 
for  slianget.  Slays  onl»de  church  ;  pursues  her,  and  carries  off  her  shoe. — 
til)  Declares  he  «riU  marry  her,  and  sets  off  searching  her  with  many  other 
pfinect.— (13)  Many  mulilate  themselves,  but  in  vain. — (14)  Trembling 
offers  to  try  on  shoe,  but  her  sistets  lock  her  up. — (rj)  When  her  sisters  fail, 
the  calls  out  from  cupboard,  aikd  the  prince  insists  on  teeing  ber,  though  the 


ao4 


CINDERELI  \ 


VARIANTS. 


sisters  uy  ihe  is  only  used  to  put  out  the  uhes.  — ((G)  Shoe  liU ;  prince 
recognises  het ;  Trembling  puti  on  ihe  clothes.  — (17)  Combat  then  ensues 
between  prince  and  princes  of  Lochlin  (nine  hours),  Spain  (six  houn). 
Nyerfoi  (eight  hours).  Greece  (four  houn),— (rS)  Wedding  folloara.  A  son 
is  bom,  and  Trembling  asks  her  sister  Fair  to  stay  with  her— (19)  Walking 
by  leaside,  Fair  pushes  in  Trembling,  who  is  swallowed  by  a  while.— (ao) 
Fair  pisses  berselFoff  as  her  sister,  but  her  husband  lays  sword  between  then 
al  night.'  If  she  is  hti  wife,  it  will  wirm  ;  if  not,  it  will  stay  cold  — <Jt|  A 
cowboy  had  teen  what  Fair  did.  On  the  morrow  the  wliile  throws  up 
Trembling,  and  she  bids  ihe  cowtroy  tell  the  tale.  Three  limes  she  will  be 
thrown  up,  and,  unless  the  third  time  the  whale  is  shot  with  a  silver  bullet*  in 
a  reddish-brown  spot  under  the  breast-iiti,  she  is  lost. — (la)  Fair  gives  cow- 
boy B  drink  of  oblivion.— [(3)  On  the  morrow,  the  same  incident ;  but  cow. 
boy  refuses  drink,  and  telU  prince. — (14)  Latter  shoots  white  (Trembling 
might  not  speak  la  him  until  this  was  done),  and  deliren  wife. — (15)  By 
father's  counsel  Fair  is  put  out  to  tea  in  a  barrel  with  seven  years'  provisions. 
— (j6)  Second  child  is  1  daughter,  whom,  when  grown  up,  they  marry  to 
cowboy.  — (17)  Hero  and  heroine  have  fourteen  children,  and  die  of  old  age. 


JJanske  Folkeaventyr,  optegnede  af  Folkeniitide-Sanifuiideis. 
Medlemmer,  1888.     P.  140.     No.  XXXVII. 

"Pkinsessen  1  Hojen"  (The  Princess  in  the  Hillock). 

[This  siory  resembles   in  every  respect  that  of  "  Guldtaerniiig" 

(!iee  No,  ^83),  but  b  not  so  well  told.     The  name  of  the  heroine 

is  the  same.] 


i  30  I'aseNt's  Pi'pvlar  TaUsfrom  the  Norse,  3rd  edition.  Edinburgh, 
1888.  Pp.  357-74.  (Translated  from  Messrs,  Asbjomsen 
and  Moe's  Norske  Folke-tvenlyr.) 

"Katie  VVoodencixjak." 
( I }  Widowed  king  had  lovely  daoghter  ;  mirried  widowed  queen  with  ugly 
daughter. — (2)  In  his  absence  at  war,  queen  beat  princess  ;  made  her  herd 
catile.— (3)  Dun  bull  bade  her  not  weep,  but  lake  from  hit  left  ear  a  cloth, 
which  served  up  food  and  wine.  Queen  set  maid  to  witch  how  princess  was 
fed. — (4)  On  king's  return,  queen  shammed  illness  ;  paid  doctor  to  say  only 
ball's  flesh  would  cure  her.— (5)  Princess  told  bull  ;  they  stole  away  logether 
King  sent  scouts  in  se«rch.  and  gave  notice  in  churches,  but  in  vain.— (6) 


DASENT. 


Princes  rode  on  bull ;  they  <i 


205 
.     He 


1  Forest  of  copper  tieei  aud  tior/t 
tbcec-hesded  Troll  owner.  Princess  tore 
off  leaf  by  accident,  vhen  Troll  appears  1  aakt  who  touched  bis  wood.  He 
and  bull  fight ;  bull  wins,  but  wounded  ;  priocels  cucea  him  with  ointment 
Irom  horn  in  Troll's  belt.— 171  Tliey  come  to  fotest  of  silver  trees  ;  bull  again 
warns hci  because  of  jii  bended  TroU.  She  kDoelo  oil  leaf  by  accident; 
Troll  appears,  fights  bull  three  days,  and  is  killed.  Princess  cures  buU'i 
wounds  as  before. —(8)  They  reach  forest  of  gold  trees;  bull  warns  her 
■gainst  nine  headed  Troll,  but,  despite  her  care,  she  broke  ofT  gold  apple ; 
Troll  appears,  fights  bull  for  week,  and  is  killed.  Bull  rented  three  weeks  ; 
then  he  and  princess  travel  to  castle. — (9]  Bull  bade  her  go  to  pigsly,  put  00 
wooden  cloak  made  of  lath  itrips,  call  herself  Kaiie  Woodencloak,  and  ask 
for  place,  first  cutting  off  his  head,  flaying  him,  putting  copper  and  silver 
leaves  and  golden  apple  in  hide,  then  laying  it  in  rock,  which  gives  what  she 
wants  when  knocked  with  stick.— [10)  Princess  grieves,  but  bull  insists  ; 
then,  doing  all  this,  she  went  to  castle  kitchen,  and  is  made  scullery -maid. — 
(lit  On  Sunday  she  asked  leave  to  carry  water  to  prince's  bath,  but  made 
such  clatter  he  threw  water  over  her.  Then  she  asked  leave  to  attend  church  ; 
strikes  rock,  man  appears,  brings  her  kittle,  horse,  and  saddle.  At  church 
prince  fell  in  love  with  her,  ran  after  her,  got  one  of  her  gloves.  Asked  whence 
she  came  ;  "  From  Bath,''  she  replied,  galloping  off  ~(l})  Next  Sunday  she 
got  leave  to  carry  a  lowel  lo  prince  ;  he  called  her  names,  and  threw  il  at  her. 
Then,  aa  before,  she  went  lo  cock,  aod  was  given  kirlle  of  silver,  and  rode  on 
noble  steed  lo  church.  Folk  wondered  who  she  was ;  prince  held  horse,  but 
no  need,  as  horse  did  her  bidding.  Trince  followed;  he  asked  her  where- 
aboDts.  "From  Towel. land,"  said  she,  and  galloped  awBy.^13)  Next 
Sunday  she  had  leave  to  lake  prince  a  comb,  but  she  looked  so  ugly,  he  threw 
il  at  her.  Then  the  went  as  before,  and  rode  to  church  finer  than  ever. — ( 14) 
Prince  had  pitch  pouted  in  porch,  so  as  10  need  him  lo  help  her  over  it;  she 
put  foot  down,  left  golden  shoe  in  pitch.  Prince  followed  ;  she  told  him  she 
cune  from  Comb'land,  and  galloped  ouf  of  sight. — [15}  Prince  gave  notice  be 
would  wed  woman  whom  gold  shoe  filled.  Many  vainly  tried,  till  queen 
biooght  ugly  step-daughter,  whom  shoe  ftlted  ;  prince,  surely  vexed,  kept  hii 
word. — (16)  As  they  rode  lo  church  a  bird  sang  : 

"  A  bit  off  her  heel. 

And  a  bit  off  her  toe  ; 

Katie  Woodencloak 's  liny  shoe 

Is  full  of  blood— Ihafs  all  I  know  ;" 
Mid  it  was  10.— (17)  Then  palace  maids  Iried  shoe  in  vain  ;  prince  asked  for 
Katie  Woodencloak,  who,  amidst  mockings,  fitted  on  the  shoe  ;  then  doffed  hei 
wooden  cloak,  showed  her  golden  hirtlc  and  Ihe  fellow  lo  ihe  golden  shoe. 
Prince  glad  ;  gladder  lo  hear  she  was  a  king's  daughter,  and  married  her, 


I 


CINDERELLA   VARIANTS, 


I  31  Denton,  Serbian  Folk-lore.  {Popular  Tales  seltrcled  and  trans- 
hied  by  Madame  Csedomille  Mijatovics,  edited  by  Rev.  W. 
Denton.)     London,  1874.     Pp.  59-66. 


"Papalluga,  or  the  Golden  Slipper." 


)  0[d  I 


I  girU 


\  and  c&ttle  U 


;  agiinst  dropping 
spindle  down  cliff,  lest  their  mother  be  turned  into  a  cow.  Girt  goes  wxi 
dilTs  edge,  and  lets  spindle  fall. — (l)  Reaching  home,  finda  mother  changed 
into  a  cow,  which  she  dnves  to  pasture. — (3)  Father  then  marries  widow  with 
daughter. — (4)  Stepmother  treated  stepdaughter  harshly,  give  her  bog  of 
hemp  lo  spin  Bgninst  itepmolber's  return  home,  on  pain  of  dealh. — (5)  Aa 
girl  drove  cow  she  wept,  when  the  cow  (mother)  bade  her  put  hemp  in  her 
mouth  to  chew,  and  draw  it  from  her  ear  as  thread.  This  she  did.  Step- 
mother surprised  lo  iind  hemp  spun,  so  next  day  gave  girl  yet  more,  which 
the  cow  spun  ax  bcFore  ;  and  so  a  third  time. — (6)  Stepmother  set  her 
daughter  to  watch  how  this  was  done,  and  then  urged  her  husband  lo  kill 
cow. — (;)  Stepdaughter  told  cow,  who  bade  her  not  eat  of  flesh,  but  gather 
bones  and  bury  them,  and  then  come  to  her  grave  in  lime  of  need.  Step- 
daughter's name  was  Mary,  but  she  did  dirty  work  of  house,  so  was  called 
Papalluga. — (S)  Stepmother  and  daughter  went  to  church,  jlrst  strewing 
millet  all  over  house,  n-hich  Papalluga,  was  to  gather  up,  and  cook  dinner, 
against  their  return,  under  pain  of  death.  —(9)  Then  Papalluga  went  to  cow's 
grave,  where  was  boi  of  silk  clothes  and  two  doves,  who  bade  iier  put  them 
on  and  go  lo  church,  while  they  did  her  work.— (10)  All  in  church  wondered 
at  her,  and  king's  son  fell  in  love  with  her.  She  ran  home,  doffed  clothes, 
and  made  ready  for  stepmother.  Next  Sunday  same  task  was  set  her,  and 
same  things  happened,  except  thai  her  dress  was  of  silver.— (11)  And  so  on 
the  third  Sunday,  when  king's  son  resolved  to  overtake  her ;  but  she  ran 
ahead,  dropping  her  right-foot  slipper,  which  he  picked  up. — (12}  Then  he 
travelled  through  his  kingdom  in  vain  search  of  the  owner,  till  he  came  la 
stepmother's  house,  and  tried  it  on  stepdaughter.— (t 3)  He  was  lold  no 
other  girl  was  there,  when  a  cock  cried,  "  Cock-a-doodle-do !  she  ii  ander 
the  wash,  [rough."  There  he  saw  princess  in  golden  dress,  but  with  one 
slipper.     Fitting  on  the  other,  he  took  her  to  palace  and  married  her. 


I 

I 


F,834        Des  Perikrs,  Jean  Bo^w^tmi^K,  Nouvelies  Rfcrialians  el 
joyeux  4evh.     Lyon,  1558.     Nooveile  CXXIX. 

("  D'une  jeunt  fille  surnominiJe  Peau  d'Asne,  et  commenl  elle  fui 

marine  par  le  moyen  que  luy  dontierent  les  petit/,  fomii/.") 

(I)  A  rich  merchant  in  an  llalian  town  decides  to  retire  10  a  farm  to  end 

his  days  with  his  wife  and  children.     Amongst  others,  a  neighboniing  squire 

of  ancient   family  calU  upon  him,  and,  being  uniiout  to  join  w.th  hi«  own 


DES   PERJERS. — DIXON. 


207 


pro|iciiy  ceilain  linds  belonging  to  Ihe  merchanl,  mskci  believe  ihal  he  is  very 
deiirous  10  im.nge  i.  marriage  between  hu  son  and  Ihc  merchant'^  youngest 
daughter,  Pemctte.  The  meichanl  is  Rittered.  The  squire's  son  mikn  love 
la  Pctiiette,  and  aslcs  bcc  fatbei's  consent  to  the  marriage,  which  he  grants, 
provided  his  wife  doei  not  object. — (l|  Pernette's  sisters  arc  very  jealous  of 
hetadvwncement,  and  the  mother  will  only  consent  to  tbe  mairiage  ir  Peinetle 
can  pick  up,  grain  by  grain,  from  the  ground  with  her  tongue  a.  bushel  of 
barley  which  sbe  Katlers. — (3)  And,  seeing  that  the  marriage  dou  not  please 
his  u-ife  and  elder  diughieci,  the  merchant  order*  that  from  that  day  forward 
Pernetle  shall  wear  nothing  but  an  ass-skin,  which  he  buys  for  her,  thinking 
in  this  way  to  diigusl  her  lover.— (4)  Pernetle  oflen  goes  out  clad  in  the  ass- 
skin,  and  her  lover,  hearing  of  it,  goes  to  father,  who  tells  him  he  is  quite 
willing  to  keep  his  promise,  but  his  wife  is  not,  until  certain  things  are  accom- 
plished.— (5)  Petnette,  overhearing,  goes  to  ask  father  when  . she  may  b^in 
the  task  ;  he  fiies  the  day.  Father  and  mother  watch  carefully  to  see  that 
she  does  not  lake  two  grains  at  once.  But  a  number  of  anti  come  and  help 
ber  without  bi-ing  seen  bj  her  parents. — (6)  By  this  means  Pernetle  marries 
the  man  who  loves  her  as  she  deserves.  The  sodriquel  of  Peau  d'Asne  remains 
with  her  always. 


I 


James  Dixon,  Aiicknl  Poems,  Ballads,  and  Songs  of  the  Pco-^antry    264: 
nf  England.      Edited     by     Robert    Bell.      London,     1857. 
Pp.  ..g.». 

"The  W.\ndeking  Young  Gentlewom.\n,  or  Catskin." 

(I)  Rich  yonng  Mjuiie  is  disappointed  that  first  child  is  a  girl  ;  tells  wife  if 
the  next  is  not  a  sod  it  shall  be  outcast.  Wife  bears  daughter,  who  i;.  sent 
away  and  brought  up  in  the  country.— (1)  Heroine  di-termines  to  travel  about 
and  seek  her  fortune,  since  father  does  not  love  bcr.  She  puis  ber  jewels  and 
rich  attire  in  a  bundle,  ^nd  dons  robe  of  catikins. — (3)  She  asks  at  knight's 
door  for  night's  re;l  in  stabk.  Lady  takesher  in  to  kitchen  and  givahi.'r  food; 
then  send;  her  to  out-house  for  Ihc  night.  Here  she  hides  her  possessions  in 
the  straw,  and  returns  neit  day  to  kitchen,  and  is  hired  as  scullion.  Cook 
befriends  her.  She  is  called  Catskin.— (4]  Mistress's  son  goes  to  ball.  Cat- 
akin  asks  to  gn  after  him,  and  mistress  strikes  her  with  ladle,  breaking  it  in 
two.  Heroine  dons  fine  dolbei,  goes  (o  ball,  dance*  witb  young  master, 
and  lelli  him  »he  dwells  at  tbe  "sign  of  the  broken  lailte".  She  slips  home 
first — (5)  Neit  night  all  happens  as  before.  Mistress  hits  het  with  skimmer, 
and  sbe  lays  she  lives  at  "sign  of  the  broken  skimmer".  Young  master 
tctttttu,  findi  Catskin  in  kitchen,  and  says  how  much  she  rrstmblei  the  ball- 
beauty.— (6)  Third  night  mistress  throws  basin  of  water  at  heroine,  who  then 
goei  to  ball,  and  tells  youny  master  she  comes  from  the  "  sign  of  the  basin  of 
water".  This  time  he  follows  her,  sees  her  enter  out-houae,  vows  he  will 
nuriy  her,  and,  to  gel  his  friends'  consent,  will  feign  illness— (7)  He  takes  to 
his  bed,  and  will  have  none  but  Catskin  to  nurse  him.     One  day  his  mother 


■el.     Ssa  i^«fe  «a« 

a  %tr. — tS)  PoMU  coMMt ;  tkm  b  pwd  veUi^.— (9) 

iMfOia*'*  fadm  fca  tot'  wife  lad  BChrr  dan^tet,  ad  ili  ruMJiwi  lo  aach 

■  10  ber  CUE  doHcd  ■>  a  bcgga  ;  idhU* 

1  luai  hMij,  >ad  wil  let  Ua  Im  with  her.    Tla 

faltw  Mfi  be  t*  a^ttjimg  bet  lo*«^  far  he  a  rid  lad  oa  [tic  i^  fa^e 

[JKibi— TU(  fcnte  o(  dK  wdcsi  EocrablMlU  h>.  ben  cabled  aidi 
dm*  copla.  U  *MM  (diiien  It  b  called  CmiiHm-i  Gmrtamd ;  <r.  Th 
W*iB4M>v/MM|f'^'''''!'>«*HM.  ....  For  iomc  accoBBt  at  tl  mc  AcanW 
Ant  tfBalUdM.  H,  153.  edited  fay  Mr  J.  S-  Uomc.] 


?1 


I  33  DoBilKSKT,  PrastondrodnU  Si<nyn$ki  pmxsti  (Folk-Uites  of  the 
Slov2c«).  Tur^Ainkf  Sv.  Martin  (S^ent  Manon,  in  Hungaiyh 
1880,     Pan  VIII,  pp.  65-84. 

"  I'OftLtiSA"  (Cinderella;  ftom /r^/ =  cinder). 
10  King  bu  iliicp  daaghlcn  I  Die  joatigett  ii  the  dkki  bcaalifol-  llt> 
wife  A\t\  1  he  maiilci  agam,  loMi  hii  kingdoin,  and  becomci  farot-rangct. — 
(!)  Stcpmothrt  lll-lrealt  f-irli,  and  Riaka  falhei  turo  Ibem  ouL  HeraJne 
(ihe  yonngeit)  ad»iiei  Ukbg  thi«  balls  of  thread,  in  order  to  find  waj 
home.  Faiber  Icadi  them  into  the  dctcii,  and  Bbandoni  them  whilst  thejr 
•Iccp  i  Imt,  bjr  ncani  of  clue,'  they  tr rum.  The  same  thing  is  repeated. — 13) 
On  the  Ihild  oceaalon,  inttenH  ol  taking  thread,  the  girb  itrcw  ashei  on  the 
road.  Father  teavta  them  aleeping,  and  meanwhile  a  violent  wind  scaitert 
Ibc  a*ha.  VXAtt  ^ten  abutc  beioine  for  having  recoinniciided  ashes,  00 
whieh  acconnt  they  call  her  I'opcllua, — (4)  A  oae.eyed  giant  MI>  upon 
Ihem,  Mndi  Ihem,  and  carrie*  them  olT.  He  bids  hi>  wife  cook  the  two  elder, 
and  fatten  ropelma  for  hii  eating.  VTife,  in  making  up  the  lire,  omits  (o 
remOTc  poker  from  the  ttove.  She  goes  out.— (5)  Counselled  bjr  Popelu«a, 
elder  siiter*  take  red. hot  poker  and  thrust  it  into  eye  of  sleeping  giant,  thus 
killing  him.  They  put  the  giantess  into  the  stove.— (6)  Giant's  castle  is 
■nagnificenl,  for  giant  was  a  briganil.  Elder  sislers  deck  thenudves  iit 
gorgeous  dresses  which  they  find  in  castle,  and  leave  only  rags  for  PopeliuB. 
(tne  day  they  go  out  lo  explore  the  country,  leaving  heroine  in  charge  of 
cajilf.  They  arrive  at  large  town,  where  young  king  announces  his  intended 
matriag*,  and  uwrnblei  all  the  girli  in  kingdom  lo  make  choice  of  bride. 
llnolne's  tlileis  pleaM  him,  and  stay  a  whole  month  with  him.  Returning 
to  tha  cat  lie,  they  do  nothing  but  icold  heroine,  ami  lake  themselves  off  again 
to  the  king  -  (7)  Meanwhile,  in  sweeping  the  castle,  heroine  linds  threr  golden 
key>,  and  enteri  a  room  in  which  there  are  dresses  more  beaQtiful  than  tbose 
worn  by  >utet>.  In  a  second  room  she  finds  men  >  clothes,  and  in  a  third 
a  heap  of  lichn.— (8)  Ilet  sitters  return  once  more,  and  then  gooS  again  to 


I 


-DOLEN, — DOF-OH. 


le  dona  her  splendid  altire,  hies  to  tbe  town,  and 
ers  do  QDl  recognise  her.  King  falls  in  Iove  with 
Popcliua,  who  abiuplly  [eaves  him  and  runs  liome, — (9)  Popelusa't  visit  to 
Inwn  >nd  escapade  repealed.  This  time,  in  her  Hight,  she  loses  her  ahoe.— 
(10)  Vonng  king  obejs  the  command  of  his  father  to  takE  to  wife  whom- 
soever the  shoe  will  fit.  Heroine  follows  sisters  Aram  alar,  can^iDg  her 
clothe*  in  a  bundle.  Shoe  fits  nobodv.  King's  son  is  going  about  every- 
where with  it,  and  encounters  Popelasa.  He  bids  her  try  it.  She  says  it  is 
her  own,  dresses  herself  magnificently,  and  also  dresset  prince,  then  goes 
with  him  before  the  king. — (ii)  They  are  married.  Heroine  learns  that 
father  is  quite  near,  and  fetches  him  to  her  castle. 


DoLEN,  £i/  Vikuhlad.      1870.     No.  III. 
"MANDOTTERfe  I  Grisehusi"  (The  Man's  Daughter  in  the 

Pig-sty). 

(l)  Widower  with  a  daughter  marriej>  a  sorceress,  who  ill-treats  the  girl, 
drives  her  out  into  the  pig-sly,  and  never  lets  her  go  to  church. — (1)  A 
netghbour  takeii  pity  on  heroine,  and  advises  her  to  go  three  Thursday  nights 
and  weep  on  her  mother's  grave.  On  the  third  Thursday  mother  appears  to 
heroine,  and,  hearing  how  badly  she  is  treated,  bids  her  go  three  Thursday 
nights  to  a  little  hill  on  tht^  outskirts  of  their  ground,  and  knock  at  it.— |j) 
Heroine  does  so.  On  the  third  Thmsday  night  an  old  woman  comes  out  of 
the  hill  and  invites  heroine  to  come  and  six  her  and  her  hu.^hand  the  next 
lime  she  is  ill-tiealed,  or  starved,  or  not  allowed  to  go  to  church. — (4)  The 
following  Sunday  the  rest  go  to  church ;  heroine  goes  to  the  hill,  gels  a  silk 
dicss  and  a  horse  and  saddle,  and  goes  to  church.  Prince  sees  her,  and 
wooders  wh»  she  is  and  whence  she  iMmes.  She  leaves  the  church  the 
motnent  clei^yman  descends  the  pulpit,  and  get.'i  home. — (5)  On  the  second 
Sunday  she  gen  a  silver  saddle,  and  on  the  third  Sunday  golden  shoi's,  saddle 
and  bridle. — (6)  This  lime  the  prince  gets  so  close  that  he  lays  hold  of  one  ol 
her  shoes  as  she  mounts  her  horse.  l^Ie  travels  about  trying  the  shoe 
everywhere,  and  comes  at  last  to  stepmother's  house.  Stepmother  cuts  oS 
her  daughter's  loe  and  lll^el,  but  a  bird  denounces  her.— (7)  Heroine  is  in  the 
l^g-ity,  and  Ihc  .shot  fits  her.  She  asks  leave  to  go  and  dress  herself,  knocks 
at  the  hill,  and  returns  clad  in  bcr  last  splendid  robe. 


Dozos,  .AucusTE,  Conies  Alhanais,  recueillis  et  traduits  par. 
Paris,  i8St.     Pp.  41-48.     (From  Epirus.) 

"  Les  Soul  I  ers." 

(t)  Dying  queen  has  shoes  made  to  fit  her  exactly,  and  m:ikca  husband 

promise  to  marry  after  her  death  whamsoever  these  shoes  lit,  be  it  woman  or 

girl.    King'l  servant  can  6nd  none  who  can  wear  shoes. ~<(l)  One  day  king's 


daughter  puis  iheni  on  ;  they  fit  her  ciaclly,  and  at  that  moment  het  U 


10  call  her.     He 


says 


he  E 


t  keep  his  promise,  and  will  ihereibre 


martjf  hei.— (3)  Daughter  complies,  but  (ays  he  must  firjt  have  made  for  her 
two  large  candlesticks  as  tall  as  henelf,  and  shutting  with  a  screw.  King 
procures  Idem  ;  daughter  hidei  in  one  ;  king  seeks  her  in  vaia  ;  onlers  candle- 
sticks to  be  Ukeo  dut  of  his  sight  and  sold.— (4)  They  are  taken  into  next 
town,  pot  up  for  sale,  and  bought  by  a  prince,  who  keeps  them  in  h' 


a  pnncess. 


Princi  is  betrothed 
various  kinds  of  food  taken  to  bis  room  fur  hii 
he  sleeps  heroine  comes  out  ot  candlestick  and 
her  handj,  and  rubs  prince's  hands  with  her 
place.  When  prince  wakes  10  take  food  he  nt 
and  sees  soapy  water.  Nei 
tells  them  to  be  sure  no  cat 


have  a  dish  of 
>  eat  in  the  night.  Whilst 
:s  all  the  food,  then  washes 
before  returning  to  hiding- 
i  that  it  has  been  touched, 
morning  he  <|iiestio[u  serrants  about  food,  and 
Same  thing  happens  follow- 


ing night, — (5]  Next  night  he  only  pretends  to  sleep,  and  sees  hen 
food.  When  iihe  comes  to  rub  his  hands  he  says  he  will  mairy  her  because 
she  is  so  beautiful,  although  he  is  already  engaged,  lie  marries  her  wilhuul 
wedding  ceremony.— (6)  Presently  he  has  to  go  away  for  a  year  lo  the  war, 
and  bids  his  wife  remain  always  in  hiding  in  hit  room,  and  he  will  order  ser- 
vants to  bring  food  and  aaything  she  may  require.  One  day  the  mother  of  his  . 
Jiancic  visits  prince's  room  and  discovers  heroine,  who  has  omitted  to  shot  the  I 
door.  She  is  very  aogry  with  heroine  foe  intruding,  and  orders  servants  to 
take  and  throw  her  in  a  bed  of  nettles,  that  she  may  be  stung  and  inflamed  to 
death. — (7}  An  old  woman  chances  to  come  to  the  spot  to  pick  neltlet, 
succours  heroine,  and  takes  her  to  live  wilh  her.  Prince  returns,  and  laUt  ill 
at  not  finding  wife,  lie  has  a  fancy  for  vegetable  diet,  and  it  is  made  known 
that  people  may  bring  vegetables  for  sale.^(S]  Amongst  others,  the  old 
woman  comes,  and  her  hetbs  are  chopped  up  by  heroine,  who  slips 
weddbgring  in.  Prince  finds  it,  and  leiU  old  woman  be  will  call  to  see  her 
oD  the  morrow.  He  rummages  about  in  her  house,  and  finds  a  kneading- 
trough  set  op  against  the  wall,  and  asks  what  u  under  it.  Old  woman  says, 
"Chickens  barely  hatched;  mind  you  don't  crack  Ibem".  He  tiimt  the 
trough  topsy-turvy,  and  sees  his  wife. — (9)  She  relates  what  has  happened, 
and  says  how  good  old  woman  has  been  to  her.  Prince  rewards  old  woman. 
and  goes  home  with  his  wife.  He  telU  his  prospective  mother-in-law  that,  in 
consequence  of  her  conduct,  he  breaUt  his  engagement  to  her  daughter,  and 
proclaims  his  marriage  with  heroine. 


34    Gennabo  Fin\more,  Tradislont  popoian  Abbruizal.     I.andanO|  I 

i88i.     Vol.  i,  pp.  8-II.     No,  II.    (In  dialect  as  narrated.) 

'■I„*    BDRUriA    CENkRELl-E." 
e  daughter,  and,   when  his  wife  dies,   he  n 


FIN, 


211 


^ 


Cinderella.— (I)  She  sends  her  to  mind  cow,  giving  her  dislaff  fuil  of  flu,  all 
lo  be  ipUD  in  the  day.  Heroine  cries,  "  O  my  cow,  what  shall  I  do  ?"  "  You 
spin,  whilst  I  wind,"  says  cow.  Neil  day  stepiaother  Rives  her  double  Ihc 
(ju&ntity  to  ipin  ;  cow  helps  as  before.  But  she  is  late  getiitig  home,  and 
stepmother  scolds  her.  Next  day  she  has  still  more  to  spin  and  wind  into 
ikeins.  Cow  bclpl,  but  she  is  very  lale  home,  and  stepmother  is  very  angry, 
and  says  cow  will  be  killed  to-morrow. — ^(3)  Heroine  goes  that  evening  lo 
cow,  and  asks  what  is  to  be  done  now.  Cow  says,  "Tell  your  falber  you 
want  cow's  paunch.  Wash  it,  and  you  will  find  a  ball  inside.  Split  this  haJl, 
attd  inside  you  will  find  a  box.  Whenever  you  need  clothes,  or  anything 
whatsoever,  look  inside  box  and  you  will  find  it."  Heroine  goes  lo  father 
and  asks  for  paunch,  which  he  promises  her.  Stepmother  asks  why  she 
wonts  it,  and  she  says,  "  To  eat."  She  washes  paunch,  and  all  happens  as 
cow  had  said. — (4)  Stepmother  tells  heroine  she  is  going  to  tskehei  daughter, 
who  is  now  grown  up,  to  festival.  Hecoine  says,  "  What  does  (hat  matter  to 
me  I"  When  they  have  gone,  she  lakes  her  little  boi,  and  asks  to  be  dressed 
for  the  festival.  Then  she  goes  to  church,  and  kneels  down  beside  step- 
mother, who  says  lo  daughter,  "  Fetch  a  chair  for  this  lady."'  She  brings 
chair,  and  heroine  gives  her  a  ring,  then  returns  home,  and  laya  to  little  box  : 

"  Take  these  lovely  clothes  away, 
And  give  me  back  my  rags,  I  pray." 

She  sits  by  Ihe  fire.  Stepmother  ajid  stepsister  return,  tell  her  about  lady, 
and  show  ring.  Heroine  says,  "  What's  that  tome?"— (5)  Next  Sunday  they 
go  to  Mass.  Heroine  gels  dress  from  box,  also  iiuallrim,  which  she  is  to 
throw  to  detain  pursuers  whom  prince  will  send.  StepiiEter  again  fetches 
chair,  and  heroine  gives  her  another  ring.  Then  she  leaves,  scaltering 
quoUrini,  which  blind  prince's  servants.  She  drops  a  gold  shoe,  which  prince 
lakei  home.  StepmotheT  and  stcpsisteT  ugain  talk  to  her,  and  show  ring.~ 
(6)  Prince  tries  shoe  at  every  house  ;  it  is  too  loose  for  one,  too  tight  for 
anotbeT.  At  last  be  comes  to  heroine's  home,  tries  shoe  on  stepsister,  whom 
it  will  not  fit ;  then  asks  if  there  is  nut  another  daughter.— (;)  Mother  says, 
"  No"  ;  but  neighbours  tell  prince  there  is  anothei  girl  there,  and  the  shoe 
is  tried  and  fits  her.  Prince  goes  off  without  leUing  anyone.— (8)  Stepmother 
bids  heroine  get  inside  tub  to  clean  it.  Presently  heroine  persuades  stepsister 
to  take  her  place,  and  stepmother  boils  own  daughter  by  mistake. — (9) 
Heroine  goes  to  neighbour's  house,  and  prince  fetches  her  thence  to  be  his 
bride.     She  is  clad  like  ■  queen  by  means  of  magic  boi. 


Ibid.,  vol.  i,  pp.  13-19-     No.  III. 

"LU   Z6CCHELE   DE    LEGNE." 
(1)  Man  and  wife  have  one  daughter.     Mother  falls  ill,  and,  belore  dying, 
'    tells  husband  he  must  marry  whomsoever  her  wedding.ring  will  fit. — (1)  Six 
tha  after  her  death  he  begins  lo  try  the  ring  :  it  is  too  large  for  some,  too 


312  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 

small  for  others.  One  da;  d^Dgbter  puU  it  on,  ajid  shows  ra.ttier  that  il 
liec  exictlj.  He  Mys  he  must  therefore  matty  her. — (3)  She  goes  weeping  to 
teacher,  who  bids  her  demand  from  father  a  dtess  representing  the  tun  and 
moon,  trimmed  with  little  golden  hells.  Father  despairs  of  finding  such ; 
goes  out  of  the  city.gale,  and  meelt  a  gentleman  who  asks  him  why  he  looks 
so  distressed,  and  oHets  to  help  him  if  he  will.  In  return,  give  him  his  soul. 
Father  agrees  to  the  conditioiu,  nnd  gentleman  takes  him  to  a  shop  whence  be 
Inds  him  take  the  dtess.  Hetoiae  is  dismayed  on  leceiviog  it,  and  goes  again 
to  teacher,  who  bids  her  next  demand  a  dress  lepiesenling  tbe  sea  with  Gshes, 
Again  father  meets  merchant  outside  gales,  goes  with  bim  to  his  shop,  md 
gets  the  very  dress.  Heroine  is  stil!  more  distressed,  and,  counselled  by 
teacher,  demands  a  dress  repiesenting  oUve-leaves  and  olive- berries.  Father 
gets  this  in  the  same  way  as  before.  Teacher  tells  heroine  there  is  yet 
another  dress  left  to  ask  for.  It  is  wrought  of  all  the  stars  of  heaven- 
When  this  is  likewise  procured  for  heroine,  teacher  says  she  must  get  a 
wooden  figure  which  will  hold  the  dresses  as  well  as  a  person,  and  will  look 
like  an  old  woman.  Father  obtains  it  from  the  merchant.— (4)  The  teacher 
advises  heroine  to  lix  her  bed  that  nigbl  upon  tbe  well,  with  only  a  weak 
covet,  so  that  when  father  goes  in  search  of  her  tbe  cover  may  break,  and  be 
may  tumble  down  tbe  well.  She  does  so,  and  puts  her  father  olf  by  varioos 
excuses,  until  she  is  safely  hidden,  with  her  dresses,  in  the  wooden  billet. 
The  father  then  comes  to  seek  her,  and  falls  into  the  well.  —(5)  Disguised  in 
tbe  wooden  case,  heroine  escapes  to  a  wood.  King's  son  is  out  hunUng,  and 
bis  hounds  surround  the  wooden  ligure.— (6)  Heroine  is  taken  tc 
as  goose-herd,  and  put  in  the  stable  with  the  geese.  When  thqr  see  b 
undisguised,  they  sing  : 

"  Hiss,  hiss,  hiss  '. 
What  a  beautiful  lady  is  this  ! 
Just  like  tbe  moon  and  the  sun  is  she, 
Some  nobleman's  daughter  she  seems  to  me." 

Setvanis  hear,  and  leil  king's  son  of  it,  and  he  goes  bimselrio  listen. —(7)  One 
night  he  is  going  to  a/ile,  and,  as  he  passes,  tells  heroine  so.  She  pretendl 
the  matter  does  not  inleicst  her,  and  he  strikes  her  with  his  boot.  When  he  J 
has  started,  she  dons  the  snn-and'moon  dress,  and  goes  after  him. 
dances  with  her,  and  asks  whence  :>be  comes.  "From  Boot.at-my-head,'^ 
Khe  replies,  and  runs  off.  King's  son  is  vexed  that  he  cannot  Hi 
the  lovely  stranger. — [S)  Next  night  she  goes  out  with  the  excuse  of  taking 
water  for  geese.  King's  son  finds  her  opening  a  cupboard,  and  says  to  her, 
"I  am  going  to  the^fftlo-night."  She  says,  ■' Wliai  is  that  to  me?"  and  he 
hits  her  on  the  head  uith  the  key.  Heroine  fallows  him  10  Ibe/tte,  wearisg 
the  dress  representing  the  sea  with  lishes.  He  dances  with  her,  and  again 
asks  whence  she  comes.  She  replies,  "From  Key-on-myhead.''  Heslipia 
cornelian  [rii>^{  on  her  finger,  and  she  leaves.  King's  son  is  left  the  more 
befooled,  because  he  cannot  learn  who  she  is. — (9)  Next  night,  he  si 
watch  to  see  whence  the  maiden  comes  and  when  she  leaves.  As  he  p 
he  leUi  the  uld  woman  he  is  going  to  lbe/£le.    She  has  guessed  that  Ihegt 


FINAMORE. 


n  placed,  and  uyi  notliing  Ii 


She  puts  on  her  dress,  all  olives 


and  Dlive-leaTcs,  and  goes  to  the  fHi.  She  sees  Ihe  guard,  and  drops  from 
her  dreu  a  quantitj'  of  money.  They  set  to  work  to  pick  it  up.  and  don't 
troobtc  about  her.  She  enters  "Cue  flit,  dancea  with  the  king's  son,  silently, 
without  ipeating,  and  slips  awaf .  She  drops  money  for  the  guards,  and  so 
eicapes. — (to)  King's  son,  from  the  "  grand  passion"  he  has  fur  her,  falls  ill, 
b«caute  be  his  not  bcren  able  to  find  out  uho  she  it,.  His  mother  does  not 
know  what  to  give  him  to  eat.  All  daj  he  asks  for  a  cake  made  by  her  who 
lends  the  gMW.  His  mother  says,  would  he  eat  a  cake  made  by  thai  dirty 
pig?  He  answers:  "Then  make  me  one  yourself."  While  she  is  making 
Ibe  cake,  the  goose-hetd  comes  up  and  asks  For  a  bit  of  the  paste.  After 
some  demur  it  is  given  her,  and  she  makes  a  cake  of  il,  putting  into  it  Ihe 
cornelian  [  riuE]  the  king's  son  had  pnt  on  her  finger.  She  asks  his  mother  to 
cook  it  with  her  own.  Queen  complies  ;  and  when  the  cakes  are  both 
cooked,  she  finds  that  the  one  made  by  the  gooseherd  looks  the  fairer.  She 
accordingly  asks  the  gooseherd  lo  give  it  her.  The  latter  answeia ;  "  Von 
have  given  it  to  me,  and  now  you  wish  me  lo  return  it."  Queen  begs  ber  lo 
do  to,  because  it  looks  belter,  and  her  son  will  mote  readily  eat  it.  At  length 
heroine  agrees,  but  on  condition  that  she  shall  lake  it  to  bitn  herself.^ 
(ll)  King's  son  breaks  the  cake,  and  finds  the  cornelian  in  Ihe  middle.  He 
asks  his  mother:  "Who  made  this  cake?"  She  says  she  made  it  herself. 
He  replin  ;  "  Mother,  this  is  not  your  hand.  Tell  me  truly  who  made  it." 
Then  she  tells  him  what  has  happened.  He  jumps  out  of  bed,  and  goes  close 
(o  where  Ihe  geese  are.  Anil  she,  while  the  king's  son  stood  there,  wipes  her 
head  [i»],  and  ihc  geese  begin  to  say  : 
"  Hiss,  h'iss,  hiss  • 
What  a  beautiful  lady  is  this  ! 
Just  like  the  moon  and  the  sun  is  she. 
Some  nobleman's  daughter  she  seems  to  me." 

— (It)  King's  son  hearing  this,  lifts  the  door  from  ils  hinges.  Heroine  tries 
lo  hide  herself  in  Ihe  billet  of  wood.  King's  son  cries,  "  Slop  !"  She  is 
frighlened  to  death,  and  can  do  nothing.  He  catches  her,  lifts  her  up,  calls 
the  priest,  and  mairies  her. 


Ibid.,yQ\.  i,  pp.  83-86.     No.  XATII.  ; 

"  Lu  Rre  Sselvagge." 
(t)  King's  youngest  daughter  is  condemned  lo  death  at  the  wish  of  elder 
daughters,  who  are  jealous  of  her  beauty. — (3)  A  general  is  to  take  her  10  the 
wood  of  the  wild  king  {rre  sulvaggia),  kill  her  there,  and  bring  back  het 
gacmenls  soaked  in  her  blood.  General  kills  a  lillle  dog  instead,  stains  her 
clothes  wilh  its  blood,  and  leave*  her  in  ihe  wood.  Alter  a  lime  she  falls 
asleep. — (3)  Next  morning  the  son  of  Ihe  wild  king  finds  her  when  he  is  out 


214 


CINDEBEl.l.A    VARIANTS. 


hiuiling,  and  taktu  her  to  his  father,  who  treats  her  u  a  daughter. — [4)  One 
day  the  biid  {jmlummilti),  on  the  balcony  of  another  king's  house  bard  by, 
wares  ber  that  the  wQd  king  is  going  to  eat  facr.  Al  the  suggestion  of  the 
wild  king,  to  whom  she  tells  this,  she  replies  uext  day  to  the  bird  that  At  il 
going  to  roairy  its  master.— (5)  The  bird  is  angry  at  this,  and  iti  muter, 
wondering  what  can  have  upset  it,  goes  to  watch  unseen  the  next  time  the 
bird  is  on  the  balcony.  He  sees  heroine,  overliean  the  dialc^e  between  her 
and  the  bird,  and  sends  to  the  wild  king  to  ask  for  heroine's  band. — (6)  Her 
father  is  incited  to  the  wedding,  and  tells  her  of  the  iU-treatment  he  li 
received  at  the  hinds  of  his  elder  daughters. 


IM.,  vol.  i,  [ 

"LU   SCARTOZZE   I 


..  130-33.     No.  XXVI. 

;  Sale"  (The  Screw  of  Salt). 

I  the  fair,  he  askb  what 
second  a  pair  of  bootl^ 


(I)  A  king  has  three  daughters.     Before  star 
he  ^hall  bring  them.     Eldest  chooses  kerchiefs 
and  the  youngest  a  screw  of  salt.     Elder  sisters  tell  father  heroine 
to  put  in  his  cooking,  and  for  this  he  drives  her  from  home.— (1)  Heroine  >eU 
forth  disguised  as  an  old  woman  in  an  ugly  skin,  and  arrives  at  a  rann-hoiue, 
where  she  asks  for  bread. —(3)  She  looks  so  wielched  that  the  mittrea  offers 
lo  engage  her  to  mind  poultry  in  return  foi   her  keep.     She  takes  them  to 
pasture,  and  when  she  reaches  a  spot  lar  from  the  farm  she  throws  off  her 
disguise  ;  and  the  hens,  seeing  the  lovely  girl,  begin  to  sing  : — 
"Cac-cac-cac"! 
What  a  beautiful  lady  is  here  ! 
Oh,  what  a  moon  I  Oh,  what  m  son  I 
Oh,  what  a  grand  lord's  daughter !" 
Heroine  dons  disguise  again,  and  kills  one  of  the  lieni  with  her  stick.    That 
evening  she  lells  mittresi  that  hen  died  from  apoplectic  stroke.     Same  thing 
happens  next  day,  and  she  killsanother  hen. — (4I  MUtreit  b^ins  to  suspect, 
and  goes  on  the  morrow  lo  spy.    Suddenly  king'i  nan  appears,  and  she  tells 
him  of  the  lovely  lady  she  has  seen.     When  prince  sees  heroine  she  is  wear- 
ing disguise,  and  he  aays,   "  Old  woman,  will  you  come  and  work  in  my 
kitchen?"   Heroine  makes  excuses,  chattenng  a  good  deal  ;  but  prince  insists. 
— Is)  She  goes  to  king's  house,  and  has  to  stay  in  room  by  herself.    There  il 
a  hole  in  the  room  through  which  anyone  could  spy.     Heroine  lakes  offher 
skin,  stops  up  the  hole  wilb  it  so  as  not  to  Le  seen,  and  then  begins  to  do  her 
hail,— (6)  Prince  comes  iiuielly  and  steals  skin.     When  heroine  misses  it  she 
begins  to  weep.     Prbce  throws  open  the  door  and  says  she  is  to  be  bis  wife.— 
(7)  Heroine  wishes  her  father  to  be  Invited  to  the  wedding,  and  that  everything 
shall  be  cooked  without  salt.     Father  cannot  eat  the  food.     Herune  sajs, 
"  Now  you  see  bow  nasly  food  is  without  salL    Thai  is  why  I  asked  you  for 


I 


salt  from  the  btr, 


embraces  her  and  punishes  the  two  si 


s  said  it  was  lo  spoil  the  cooking."     King    1 


KOtK-LORE   JOURNAU 


folk-hrc  Journal,  ii,  pp.   71-74.     Folk-tales  from  Oid  Meldnim,    35fl 

Aberdeenshire- 
(AVriltcn   down   by    the   mother  of  Mr.    Moir,    Rector   of  the 

Grammar  School,  Aberdeen.) 

"The  Red  Calf." 
(t)  Parents  have  two  daughters.  The  elder,  who  is  ugly  and  iQ^natured,  is 
Iheir  favourite,  and  they  ill.treat  heroine,  sending  ber  to  herd  cattle,  and 
giving  her  only  a  little  porridge  and  whey. — (z)  One  day  red  calf  amongEt 
the  cattle  bids  heroine  give  porridge  and  whey  to  dog,  then  leads  her  through 
wood  to  fine  house,  where  nice  dinner  is  spread  tor  her.  This  happen*  every 
daj,  and  heroine  grows  bonnier  and  more  beautiful,  instead  of  wasting.  So 
parent!  spy  on  her,  and  see  calf  lake  her  to  feast. — (3)  The  calf  Is  to  be  slain  ; 
ugly  lister  is  to  bold  its  head,  whilst  heroine  kills  it  with  an  aie.  Calf  com- 
forts heroine,  and  tells  her  to  bring  doirn  the  aic  on  sister's  head  instead  ; 
then  jump  on  olTs  bock. — (4)  In  Ihii  way  heroine  escapes.  They  come  lo 
meadow  of  roshes,  and  make  a  coat  for  her.  Then  they  travel  on  lo  king's 
palace,  where  Rashin-Coatie  is  hired  is  kitchen-maid,  and  calf  is  kept  too. — 
IS)  At  Yuletide  heroine  is  to  stay  at  home  and  get  dinner  ready,  whilst  all 
go  to  church.      Calf  goes  out  and  gels  fine  clothes  and  slippers  far  heroine, 


for  church  says  ; 


to  get  the  dinner.     Hero: 


s  clothes,  and  before  leaving 


"  Ilka  peat  gar  aniiher  burn. 
An  ilka  spit  gar  anither  turn, 
An  ilka  pot  gar  anither  play. 
Till  1  come  frac  the  kirk  on  gude  Yule-day." 

Everybody  in  church  admirei  her,  and  Ihe  prince  falls  in  love,  and  hurries 
after  her  10  itop  her  leaving.  She  jumps  past  him,  but  lows  one  of  her  shoes, 
which  be  keeps. — (6)  Prince  will  wed  whomsoever  it  fils,  and  sends  servant 
through  all  the  land  to  try  it,  but  none  can  wear  it.  He  comes  at  length  to 
benwife's  house,  and  lier  daughter  pares  her  feet  and  clips  her  toes  lill  shoe 
Coei  on.  Prince  is  very  angry  at  getting  wrong  girl,  but  wilt  keep  his 
proiniie.     On  the  way  to  kirk  a  little  bird  sings : 

is  on  the  saidle  set ; 


«  feet  si 


n  the  kitchen  neuk." 


"  What's  Ihu  ?"  says  the  prince.  Henwife  says  he  should  not  heed  what  a 
"  feel"  bird  says;  but  he  bids  bird  sing  again. — (7)  Then  prince  turns  and 
rides  home,  and  goes  straight  lo  kitchen,  where  he  sees  RashinCoatie.  He 
knowt  her  ai  once.  The  shoe  fits  her,  and  he  marries  her.  They  build  a 
bouse  for  the  red  calf. 


CINDKRELLA    " 


1 236    M.  Frere,  Old  Damn  Days.     Collected  from  oral  tradition  1 

(London,    1870.)     Pp,  236-45   (znd  edition).     (Narrated  by  l 
Anna  Liberata  de  Souza,  ayah.) 

"SoPEWA  Bai." 

(1)  Rftjah  and  Runec  had  beantilul  daughter,  »]  good  that  gein«  Tell  from 
her  lips  when  .she  spoke,  whereby  rather  became  richest  Rajah. — (2)  She  was 
bom  wilh  goldL-n  necklace,  which  contained  her  soul,'  fa  dr\e  would  die  if  it 
were  laken  off  and  worn  by  another. — (3)  One  day  falher  gave  her  dippers  of 
gold  and  gems,  of  which  one  fell  into  jungle  below  mountain,  while  she 
gathered  flowers,  and  was  lost,  although  great  reward  ofTered. — (4)  Prince 
Rowjee,  when  hunting,  found  it,  and  his  mother  advised  him  to  seek  its 
owner. — (5)  Newt  reached  him  about  il^  loss,  and  his  mother  adviied  him  to 
lake  it  to  princess,  and  claim  her  hand  as  reward,  which  was  granted. — (6) 
Rajah  gave  him  leave  to  visit  his  own  people,  taking  his  wife,  and  charged 
him  never  to  lei  necklace  be  taken  off  her,— (7I  Rowjee  had  another  wife, 
whom  lie  married  in  childhood  ;  &lie  hated  Sodewa  Bai,  but  feigned  love. — 
(8)  One  day  Rowjee  went  a  journey,  then  the  liist  wife  went  to  Sodewa,  ttiw 
her  jewels,  and  asked  why  she  always  wore  necklace.  Sodewa  told  her,  and 
the  other  plotted  with  servant  to  steal  the  necklace,  which  was  done  while 
Sodewa  slept,  and  her  spirit  fled.-~(i))  Next  morning  Rajah  and  Ranee  found 
her  lying  cold  ai  marble  :  full  of  gnef,  they  put  her  in  a  tomb  neii  a  tank, 
and  went  daily  to  look  at  her  body,  which  kept  sweet  and  fair.  Rowjee  was 
sorely  grieved  on  his  relutn,  so  that  all  thought  he  would  die.— (to)  The 
servant  did  not  wear  necklace  at  night ;  then  Sodewa's  soul  returoed,  and  she 
walked  to  the  tank  to  drink,  jewck  falling  from  her  as  she  went.— (11)  One 
day  Rowjee,  watching,  saw  these,  and  stayed  10  see  whence  they  came,  but 
Sodewa  came  not. — (Iz)  After  two  months  i^he  bore  a  son,  but  as  day  dawned 
she  died,  and  the  baby  wept,— {13)  Then  Rowjee  went  to  tomb  at  night, 
heard  child  cry,  saw  door  open,  and  Sodewa  carry  b.ibe  to  tank.  She  heard 
footsteps  and  lied  to  tomb  ;  Rowjee  followed  ;  called  her  by  name,  then  she 
knew  him,  and  told  him  of  theft  of  necklace. — (14)  lie  went  to  palace 
moned  servants  ;  saw  thief,  and  sent  her  to  prison. — (15)  She  told  all ;  then 
the  fiiBt  wile  was  imprisoned  for  life,  and  Rowjee  went  to  tomb,  put  necklace 
on  Sodewa,  and  brought  her  and  the  child  to  palace. 


i 


Geldart,  Rev.E.  tA.,Folk-!ore  0/ Modern  Greece,  i 
"  Little  Saddleslut." 
(See  yoM  Hahn,  No.  50.) 


Pp.  27-30- 


GLI N  S  K 1. — CON  ZEN  B  AC  H . 


A.  J.  Ci-iNSKi,  Bajarz  Paiski}    4  voK,  and  od-    Wilna,  1862.    36  1 
Vol.   Hi,   pp.   135-49.      (A    long    story,   very   complete    and 
beautiful. ^Z)r.  Karlou-ic^.) 

(I)  Heroine  is  driven  from  home  by  two  elder  sUters,  becuise  sbe  bu 
buried  8  horse's  head  which  vil^.  lying  about  abaikloned  — (2|  She  tikes 
■icrvice  with  qut^tn,  who  has  a  young  son.  In  her  dream  heroine  hears  an 
(Mk-tree  calling  her.— {3)  Inside  ihis  oak  she  finds  gorgeoDs  attire,  and  three 
limes  pozflex  (he  prince  in  church.^(4)  On  Ihe  ihiid  occasioa  her  shoe  is 
caught  in  Ihe  pilch-trap,  and  eventually  she  marries  Ibc  prince. 


GONZENBACH,     Sicilianisfhe     Afdrditn,    aus     dem     Volksmund     16 
gesamnielt     von     Laura     Gonzenbach,     mit     Annierkungen 
Reinhold  Kiihier's,  etc.    Leipzig,  1870.   No.  XXXVIII.   Vol.  i, 
pp.  161-69. 

"  Betta  Pilusa"  (Hairy  Belly). 

<l)  A  rich  man  has  an  only  daughter,  whu  is  extremely  beautirul.  His 
wife  exacts  promise  on  her  death-bed  that  he  will  only  marry  someone  who 
can  wear  her  ring, — (3)  Daughter,  looking  over  dead  mother's  jewels,  comes 
■cross  ring,  puts  it  on,  and  cannot  get  it  off  again.  Afraid  of  lather's 
reproof,  she  winds  rag  round  linger,  and  tells  him  she  has  cut  it.  He  wishes 
to  look  ;  she  refuses  to  let  him.  He  is  angry,  tears  off  the  tag,  and  seeing 
ring  on  finger,  says  he  must  many  her. — (3)  She  is  aghast,  and  begs  leave 
fii!>t  to  sec  her  father- confeisar.  He  advises  her  to  demand,  as  condition  of 
marriage,  a  dress  like  heaven,  with  sua,  moon,  and  stais  upon  it.  Father 
searches  in  vain  for  such  a  dress.  At  last,  at  his  wit's  end,  he  is  pacing 
along,  when  a  fine  gentleman  accosts  him,  and  asks  why  he  hangs  his 
head,  and,  teaming  the  reason,  undertakes  to  procure  dress  for  him.  After 
short  time  the  stranger,  who  is  the  devil,  returns  with  it.  Daughter  is  terri- 
fied on  receiving  dress,  and  says  she  must  once  more  viat  father -confessor. 
He  bids  her  demand  dress  like  the  sea,  having  all  marine  flowers  and  fishet 
upon  it.  Father  tails  to  find  such.  At  last  seeks  aid  of  devil,  who  procures 
dress.  Daughter  is  next  advised  10  demand  a  dress  with  all  the  animals  and 
plants  of  the  eaith  upon  it.  This  father  obtaini  at  once  from  the  devil. 
Father- confessor  tells  her  to  ask  now  for  dress  of  grey  pigskin.  This  also  is 
supplied  by  the  devil.  Then  she  asks  for  two  meainrei  of  pearls  and 
precious  stones,  and,  having  these,  resolves  to  fly. — (4)  She  makes  a  bundle 
of  the  magic  gifts,  then  fills  a  basin  with  water,  and  puts  two  doves  in  it. 
Father  knocks  at  her  door,  and  she  says  she  is  washing  herself.     Then  she 


'  Although  called   Polish,   the   above    is    ittAXf  a   collection   of   White 
Ruthenian  tales,  narrated  in  the  Polish  language. 


3lS  CINDERELLA  VARIANT?. 

puts  OD  piEskin,  and  escapes  in  the  (wilighl,  through  a  back  door.  Father 
waits  for  her,  and,  listening  nt  door,  hears  dovex  splashing  in  the  water,  anil 
thinks  she  is  still  washing.  At  lost,  losing  patience,  he  bursts  into  the 
room,  to  tind  no  one  there. -'(5)  Meanwhile  heroine  reaches  forest,  and  the 
king's  son,  who  is  hunting,  is  about  to  shoot  the  curious  grey-skinned  animal, 
when  she  calls  out.  He  is  amazed,  and  in  the  name  of  God  would  know 
who  she  is.  Heroine  says  she  is  a  baptised  soul,  and  is  culled  Hairy  Betty. 
Prince  lakes  her  lo  castle,  where  she  elects  to  live  in  hen-house.  She  tends 
the  poultry,  and  prince  comes  daily  to  talk  with  her,  and  bring  her  dainty 
morsels.— (6)  One  day  he  lelU  her  he  is  soon  going  lo  be  married,  and  there 
will  be  three  days'  festival.  He  invites  her  to  ball  that  nighl.  but  she 
declines.  But  when  evening  arrives,  she  throws  off  pigskin,  washes  herself, 
and  wishes  for  a  lady's-maid  ;  for,  having  the  magic  dresses  in  her  possession, 
she  has  only  lo  wish  for  anything,  and  she  has  it.'  Accordingly  lady's-maid, 
appears  instantly  lo  dress  ber  in  the  first  magic  dress,  and  adorn  her  with 
mother's  jenels.  Heroine  now  wishes  for  carriage  and  liveried  servants,  and 
goes  to  ball.  Prince  forsakes  his  bride,  and  dances  the  whole  evening  with 
lovely  stranger.  He  gives  her  a  gold  pin.  She  escapes  at  end  of  tbe  dance, 
and  he  bids  servants  follow  carriage  and  see  where  she  goes.  She  scatters 
so  many  pearls  and  jewels,  that  servants  are  blinded.  She  hastens  to  hen- 
house,  and  resumes  disguise.  Prince  comes  to  tell  her  about  the  beauty  at 
ball  whom  she  has  missed  seeing.  She  says  she  has  preferred  being  asleep. — 
(7)  Next  day  he  invites  her  ogam  to  balL  She  says  he  should  not  make  fun 
of  ber.  But  in  the  evening  she  goes  as  before,  wearing  second  magic  dress, 
and  prince  gives  her  a  gold  watch.  His  bride  is  very  angry.  Servants 
again  fail  to  liack  her,  being  blinded  by  the  jewels  she  throws.  — (3)  Neil 
morning  prince  tells  heroine  there  is  one  more  ball,  and  he  must  discover  this 
lime  who  lovely  stranger  is.  He  says  servants  will  lose  their  heads  if  they 
fail  to  follow  her.  All  happens  as  before ;  heroine  wears  third  dress ;  bride 
is  very  jealous,  for  prince  dances  only  with  the  stranger,  and  gives  ber  a 
costly  ring.  Servants  are  baiiled  as  before.— (9)  Heroine  dons  disguise  over 
hall-dress.  Servants  kneel  lo  plead  for  pardon.  Prince  goes  to  telt  Betty, 
who  says  he  is  not  to  plague  her  with  his  lovely  ladies.  He  is  very  despair- 
ing.  Next  morning,  when  cook  is  making  bread  for  the  royal  table,  heroine 
begs  a  little  dough  to  make  loaf  for  herself.  To  be  rid  of  her,  cook  at  last 
gives  it.~(  10)  Heroine  puts  gold  pin  in  her  loaf,  which  she  persuades  cook 
lo  place  in  oven.  Presently  cook  finds  all  tbe  bread  burnt,  except  the  little 
while  loaf  that  Betty  has  made.  He  begs  for  this  lo  sel  before  the  king,  who 
finding  ring  in  it,  sends  for  cook,  and  asks  who  made  the  bcaudfal  bread. 
Cook  says  he  did.  King  does  not  believe  it,  but  is  silenL  Next  morning 
the  some  thing  happens,  and  Betty's  loaf  gets  taken  lo  king,  who  finds  gold 
walcb  inside.  Cook  again  declares  he  made  it.  Third  day  heroine  puis 
in  loaf,  and  king,  who  expected  lo  find  it,  tells  cook  he  will  lose  his  place  if 
he  does  not  teU  trath.— (11)  Cook  confesses  all,  and  Betty  U  sent 
Prince  shuts  oil  the  doors,  then  tells  heroine  what  be  hoi  found  in  the  bread  ; 


(JONZENHACH.— ORALl. 


i  ie  knows  sbe  ii 


>t  whit  she  Rinkea  believe,  and  begs  bee  to  9iy  who 


the  really  i&.  Heroine  replies  thai  she  is  Hairy  Betty,  and  doesAot  know 
what  he  means.  Prince  says  if  she  does  not  tell  him  she  shall  be  beheaded. 
Then  ihe  throws  oS*  the  pigskin.  lie  embraces  her,  and  says  she  miul 
marry  him.  He  calls  his  mother,  who  rejoices  to  nee  his  spirits  restored. — 
(13)  Grand  wedding  is  arranged,  and  the  other  bride  has  lo  return  home. 

[flfalf.—la  another  version,  instead  of  pigiskin  dress,  heroine  has  a  wooden 
ease  with  limbs.  Daring  her  life  in  the  fbmt,  Ihii  gels  grown  all  over 
with  mo^s.  and  at  the  king's  court  she  passes  for  some  talking  wild  bea;!.] 


Temistocle  Gradi,  Saggiff  di  letlure  varit  per  i  Giovani.  Torino,    1 
1865.     Pp.  141-57.     Story  No.  IV.     (From  Siena.) 

"L'lsABELLUCClA." 
(I)  A  poor  man,  leFi  widower  with  an  only  child  called  Isabeltuccia,  en. 
gage*  woman  named  Agheia  to  bring  her  np  and  tench  her  all  she  ihould 
know.  She  does  her  work  well,  and  H  good  tn  the  child,  but  with  ulterior 
tams  in  view.  She  is  a  widow,  and  has  a  daughter  named  Maiiolto,  whom 
certain  uncles  are  keeping  out  of  charily  ;  she  designs  to  marry  widower,  and 
lo  have  her  own  daughter  with  her.  She  induces  Isabeltucda  lo  beg  of  father 
lo  niarry  Aghela,  and  after  a  time  he  does  so.  Then  she  makes  Isabelluccia 
ask  father  lo  receive  her  daughter,  For  long  he  will  nol  consent  to  this,  but 
at  length  yields  when  wife  pretends  to  be  sad  and  ill.— (i)  Stepmother  now 
makes  heroine  do  all  the  work  of  the  house ;  she  submits  nncoroplaimngly. 
One  day  she  gives  her  a  basket  of  fish  to  clean  and  cook,  A  led-and-gold  luh 
slips  oitl  of  her  hand  into  the  sink  jusl  as  she  is  about  to  use  the  knife.  In 
despair  she  tries  to  get  it  oat,  fearing  stepmother'),  anger.  Fish  peeps  through 
Ihe  hole,  and  tells  her  it  is  useless  lo  grieve  ;  she  had  better  take  the  pome- 
granate which  he  throws  her,  and  when  in  need  go  to  the  aea-shore  and 
wy:— 

"  Rise,  liltJe  fish,  from  the  aiure  sea, 

Rise,  liltle  fish,  and  iuecour  me  ; 

ked-and.gold  fish,  to  thee  I  cry. 

Come  to  me,  come  to  me,  or  1  die," 
Heroine  is  very  ill-treated  that  same  day,  bnl  soon  forgets  it,  and  goes  on  lo 
terrace  lo  eat  pomegranate.  She  is  raising  it  to  her  lips,  when  it  slips  through 
her  hand,  and  foils  into  the  garden  which  adjoins  that  of  the  king, — (3)  Next 
morning  there  is  a  pom egranale- tree  where  it  fell,  bden  with  yellow  and  red 
fmil.  King  passing  by,  and  seeing  tree,  asks  by  whom  il  was  planted,  and 
when.  None  can  lell  faim.  1  le  gives  orders  for  sojne  of  Ihe  fruit  to  be  picked, 
but  when  anyone  approaches  the  tree  it  grows  visibly,  and  it  is  impossible  lo 
pick  even  a  leaf.  Amoted,  king  calls  his  coancil,  and,  after  much  discussion, 
old  man  affirms  that  tree  is  grown  by  enchantment,  and  its  fruit  can  only  be 
picked  by  one  destined  to  marry  king.  King  commands  all  girls  to  appear 
before  him  ;  not  one  u  able  to  touch  a  branch  of  tree.     Mariottu  comes, 


230  CINDERELLA  VARIAKTS, 

amopgst  otli<;n,  and  falls  rram  ladder.  King  begins  to  suspect  Ihtt  all  the 
girls  cannot  have  come,  and  sends  round  10  search  every  house.— (4)  In  this 
way  ihey  lind  heroine,  whom  jealous  stepmother  had  hidden.  Tree  allows 
her  to  pick  all  its  Trait,  and  she  is  recognised  by  king  and  the  whole  issembly 
as  destined  bride.  Stepmother  is  constrained  to  pre|>are  her  outfit,  but  pro- 
vides the  same  for  Mariotto  as  well.  On  wedding  day,  the  ring  having  been 
given,  king  enters  first  carriage,  and  the  three  ladies  follow  in  second  ;  for 
stepmother  has  obtained  permission  to  go  and  live  with  heroine,  and  secretljr 
brings  Mariotto  with  her.^(5)  They  pass  through  wood  1  stepmother  and 
Manolto  tear  out  heroine's  eyes,  and  throw  her  under  carriage.  When  ihey 
alight  at  palace,  king  laya  Mariotto  is  not  his  bride,  but  is  al  length  obliged 
to  accept  her  as  such,  for  his  court  think  he  must  be  mistaken. — (6)  Alter 
wandering  many  days,  heroine  comet  near  to  viUige,  and  excbangei  her  robes 
and  jewels  for  the  clothes  of  a  young  girl  who  is  minding  sheep,  and  who 
afterwards  conducts  her  to  scB-shore.  Heroine  repeats  verse  taught  her  by 
(i^h.  who  now  comes  and  bids  her  go  to  neighbouring  city  (where  Mariotto, 
who  is  pregnant,  is  living)  and  sell  the  spncots,  of  whiiJi  lish  gives  her  a 
basketful.  Stepmother  will  come  out  to  buy  some,  and  she  must  onlji  let  her 
have  them  in  exchange  for  one  eye.  Heroine  obtains  her  eye  in  this  way, 
and  fish  replaces  it  in  oibiU  Then  she  goes  and  sells  figs  for  the  other  eye, 
and  is  now  more  lovely  than  ever,  h'l.^h  bids  her  go  to  an  old  furaiture-ihopi 
where  she  can  get  an  old  woman's  skin,  put  it  on,  and  then  ask  for  lodging  in 
the  palace  out  of  charity.  Unce  there  her  own  heart  will  IcU  her  how  to  act. 
Heroine  wishes  to  tecorapensc  heh.  He  gives  bet  a  sword  10  cut  off  his  head ; 
the  faints  at  the  thought.  On  recovering,  sees  handsome  youth  beside  her. 
who  says:  "I  am  the  fish,  but  have  now  regained  human  form.  They 
wanted  me  to  wed  one  when  I  hail  plighted  troth  to  another,  and  because  1 
refused  1  was  changed  to  a  fish.  The  spell  could  only  be  removed  through  a 
gill  funling  because  of  me."  He  gives  her  a  magic  wand,  and  vanishes. — 
(;)  Heroine  finds  and  dons  ihe  old  woman-skin,  then  goes  to  palace,  but  can- 
not get  admittance.  King  bearing  sounds  of  grief,  comes  on  the  scene,  and 
yives  orders  for  old  woman  10  Ik  admitted  and  lodged  in  a  small  hole.  She 
ingratiates  herself  with  ihe  servants,  all  of  whom  like  to  pass  their  time  in 
hcf  company.  One  day  the  king  himself  spends  a  long  lime  talking  to  her, 
till  a  groom  comes  to  remind  him  it  is  time  to  go  to  fete.  On  taking  leave, 
he  asks  old  woman  if  she  will  go  with  him.  She  makes  some  ludicrous  ex- 
clamation, and  king  goes  ofTlaughing.— (8)  Left  alone,  heroine  doffs  di^oisc, 
commands  carriage,  horses,  and  servants,  a  splendid  dress,  and  goes  to  fSle, 
where  she  is  the  most  admired  of  alt.  King  falls  in  love  with  her,  but  seelu 
in  vain  to  accompany  her  home.  Evening  after,  king  visits  old  woman  again, 
and  can  talk  of  nothing  but  the  lovely  girl,  "  Shame  on  you.  your  Majesty  1 
Haven't  you  got  a  wife  7'  "  Silence,  old  woman  !  If  you  only  knew  !  My 
wife  WHS  jnst  like  Ihe  girl  1  saw  lost  night ;  but  by  some  means  she  got  ex- 
changed, although  Ihey  say  I  am  mistaken.  .  .  .  Ah,  if  you  knew  all  you 
would  pity  me  !"  For  several  nights  he  continues  to  talk  about  the  lovely 
stranger. — [9}  One  evening  he  is  in  good  spirits,  hoping  he  will  see  her 
again,  as  he  is  going  to  a  fete.    He  asks  old  woman  if  she  will  come  too. 


4 


4 


GRADI. — C;KIMM.  331 

^w,"  ibe  SITS.  Then  the  gets  out  of  skin,  isd  goes  w  before 
10  Wte.  Al  loon  as  king  sees  her,  be  orders  servants  rot  to  lake  their  eyei 
off  her,  but  to  find  out  where  she  lives.  He  paises  all  the  evening  with  her, 
and  linilljt  givei  her  ■  handBome  ring.  She  ealerj  carriage,  and  is  olT.  Ser- 
TMls  cannot  8ee  where  she  goes,  (or  ihicii  mist  ii»es  behind  her.— (lo)  King 
folli  ill ;  eats  nothing  for  several  days,  then  aski  for  some  sop.  Old  wotnan  is 
00  the  alert,  hearing  this,  and  insists  on  making  the  sop  herself,  though  all  dis- 
approve. When  it  i«  ready,  the  bides  the  ring  under  the  bits  of  bread.  King 
feels  something  between  his  leeth ;  spits  it  out  for  fear  of  being  poisoned ; 
Gods  it  is  the  ring  ;  asks  who  made  sop.  — ( 1 1 )  Old  woman  is  fetched-  King 
wont*  to  ask  a  thousand  questions,  but  she  stops  him  by  letting  fall  the  skin 
and  showing  herself  in  all  her  beauty.  She  telli  her  story.  King  aiMoibles 
council,  explain*  the  facts,  presents  his  new  bride,  and  asks  what  punishment 
th«ll  be  meted  to  stepmother  and  Mariotto.  Jleroine  orgei  that  they  shall 
receive  none  beyond  being  driven  (hence.— (la)  But  court  advise  retaliation. 
That  his  scorn  at  the  wicke<lneis  of  the  two  women  may  be  known  to  all,  their 
eyes  are  torn  out  by  king  himself. 


Gm MM, //ouseAo/d  Ta/fs.    Translated  by  Margaret  Hunt.  London,    371 
1884.     Vol.  i,  pp.  93-100.     No.  XXI.     (From  Hesse.) 

"A.SCHLN1>UTTEL."' 
(tt  Rich  man  s  wife,  before  dying,  bida  hn-  only  danghtei  be  good  ;  God 
will  protect  her  ;  she  will  be  always  near  her.  Maiden  goes  daily  and  weeps 
at  mother's  grave  ;  her  father  soon  takes  another  wife, — ( z)  She  brings  with 
her  two  daughters,  fair-faced,  but  evil-natured,  who  persecute  the  step- 
daughter, and  dress  her  in  an  old  gown  and  wooden  shoes.  She  is  made  to 
do  the  kitchen-work,  while  stepsisters  tease  her,  emptying  peas  and  lentils 
into  the  ashes  for  her  lo  pick  out  again.  A^^  she  sleeps  on  hearth  and  loolu 
always  grimy,  she  is  called  Cinderella. —(3)  One  day  father  asks  step- 
daughters what  he  shall  bring  them  from  fair.  "  Beautiful  dresses,"  says  one. 
"  Pearls  and  jewels,''  says  the  second.  Cinderella,  being  asked,  begs  for  the 
fint  branch  which  knocks  against  his  hat  on  way  borne.  Father  brings  gifts, 
and  for  Cinderella  a  blanch  of  hazel. — (4)  She  plants  it  on  mother's  grave, 
aaterinic  it  with  tears.  It  grows  to  a  tree  ;  thrice  a  da;  she  sits  beneath  it, 
and  a  little  white  bird  perches  on  branches  and  brings  down  whatever  she 
wishes.^(5l  King  appoints  three  days'  festival,  to  which  all  beautiful  girls  are 
invited,  that  his  son  may  choose  a  bride.  Stepsisters  go  and  order  Cinderella 
to  dress  them.  She  begs  stepmother  to  let  her  go  too.— (6)  They  mock  at 
her  dirty  clothes  1  stepmother  empties  dish  of  lentils  into  the  ashes,  saying  she 
shall  go  if  she  has  picked  them  out  in  two  hours.  Cinderella  goes  to  garden, 
calls  pigeons,  lurile*doves.  and  all  birds  to  help  faer  put  "  the  good  into  the 
pot,  the  bad  into  the  crop".     Two  white  pigeons,  followed  by  turtledoves  and 


ail 


cimdeselu  Variants. 


other  biids,  come  and  collect  itl  tlie  Bood  eraiti  on  a  dish. — (7)  They  fly  off 
again  ;  Cindeiella  laka  duh  lo  stepmother,  who  forbids  her  going  to  ball 
because  >he  ba£  not  line  clothes,  and  cannot  dance.  CindercUa  weep» ;  slep> 
mother  says  if  in  one  hour  she  can  pick  Iwo  dishes  of  lealils  out  of  ashes  she 
shall  go.  Cinderella  again  calls  birds,  who  perform  the  task  tor  her.  Step- 
mother still  forbids  her  going,  and  hastens  lo  bal!  with  her  danghten, — 
(S)  Cinderella  goes  to  her  mother's  grave,  and  cries  : 
"  Shiver  and  quiver  little  tree  ; 
Silver  and  gold  throw  down  over  me." 

Bird  throws  a  gold  and  silver  dress  dowti  to  her,  and  slippers  eiabroidercd 
with  silk  and  silver.  These  she  dons,  and  goes  lo  ball.— (9)  Stepmother  and 
stepsisters  think  her  beautiful  foreign  princes  ;  prince  will  dance  with  no  one 
etse,and  would  escort  her  home.^(lo)  To  escape  from  him  she  springs  into 
pigeon-hoase.  Prince  tells  her  talher  that  stranger  maiden  is  in  pigeon-house, 
and  he  wondecs  whether  it  is  Cinderella.  Pigeon-house  Li  hewn  to  pieces  ;  no 
one  is  inside. — ( 11}  For  Cinderella  has  jumped  down,  run  to  hazel-tree,  laid 
her  clothes  on  grave  for  bird  to  take  away,  and,  when  parents  and  stepsisters 
return  home,  is  sitting  among  the  ashes  in  her  old  gown. — (12)  Next  day,  when 
they  go  to  ball,  she  goes  lo  haiel-lree,  and  asks,  as  before,  for  apparel.  Bird 
throws  down  more  beautiful  dress,  and,  when  she  appears  at  ball,  prince  wonders 
■t  her  beauty,  dances  with  her,  and  again  wants  to  escort  her  home. — (13)  But 
she  slips  from  him  into  garden,  and  clambers  up  pear-tiee.  Her  father  is  told 
this,  and,  wondering  whether  il  be  Cinderella,  he  cuts  tree  down  ;  but  no  one  is 
on  il.^14)  For,  having  jumped  down  and  returned  her  dress  lo  bird,  Cin- 
derella dons  her  old  grey  gown,  and  sits  amongst  the  ashes. — (15)  The 
third  day  she  gets  a  still  more  niagnilicent  dress  and  golden  slippers 
from  bird,  and  astonishes  everyl>ody  at  ball.~[i6)  Prince  is  so  anxious 
to  follow  her  home  that  he  has  staircase  smeared  with  pitch,  and,  when 
she  runs  down  it,  her  left  slipper  is  dragged  off. — (17I  Prince  picks  it 
up,  and  next  day  takes  it  to  Cinderella's  father,  declaring  he  will  wed  none 
whom  it  does  not  fit.— (iS)  Elder  stepsister  tries  it  on  ;  canikol  get  her  big 
toe  into  it ;  mother  makes  her  cut  off  big  toe,  force  her  foot  into  shoe,  and  go 
out  to  prince. — (19)  He  tides  away  with  her ;  but,  as  they  pais  grave,  two 
pigeons,  silting  on  haiel.tree,  cry  : 

"  Turn  and  peep,  tarn  and  peep. 

There's  blood  within  Ilie  shoe, 
The  shoe  it  is  (00  small  for  her, 

The  true  bride  waits  for  you." 

(30)  Prince  sees  blood  streaming  from  her  foot,  takes  her  back  and  tells  other 
sister  to  try  on  shae.^(2i)  She  tiods  her  heel  too  lai^e,  cuts  a  bit  off,  and 
forces  shoe  on.^(22)  Prince  rides  off  with  her ;  hears  pigeons  cry  out  same 
verse ;  sees  her  fool  bleeds,  and  takes  her  back  to  father,  asking  if  be  has  no 
other  daughter.— (23)  "  Only  the  little  stunted  kitchen- wench."  Stepmother 
says  she  is  much  loo  dirty  to  show  herself,  Pnnce  will  see  her ;  having 
washed  hands  and  (ace,  Cinderella  appear*,  receives  golden  slipper  from  him, 


I 


and  ilipt  it  on  hef  foot  in  place  of  wooden  one.  Prince  recognises  nmiden 
who  danced  with  him,  and  cries.  "  Thii  is  the  true  bride." — ^(24]  Slepmolher 
and  stepsisters  are  furious,  but  he  rides  away  with  CindcrelliL.  As  they  pass 
huel-tree  [wo  while  do*ei  cry  : 

"  Turn  lad  peep,  turn  and  peep, 
No  blood  ia  in  the  shoe ; 
The  shoe  is  not  too  small  for  her, 
The  true  bride  rides  with  jon-" 

They  fly  down  and  perch  un  Cinderella's  shoulders,  and  remain  there. — 
(*S)  When  wedding  is  celebrated,  stepsisters  seek  favour  with  Cinderella. 
As  the  betrothed  couple  go  to  church,  elder  itcpsister  is  on  right  side,  younger 
on  left,  and  pigeons  peck  out  one  eye  of  each,  Returning,  tlepsiiters  change 
■idea,  and  pigeons  peck  out  other  eye  of  each.  Thus  blindness  is  their 
puttUlimeDt  henceforth. 


I 


/*!</.,  vol.  i,  pp.  277-8 


3.     TaleNo.  LXV,      (From  Hesse  and        16^ 
Padcrbom.) 

"  Alleri.eirauh."' 


(1)  King'i  wife,  whose  beauty  i'l  unriirnllcd,  eiacts  promise  on  her  dea'.h- 
bed  that  king  will  only  many  a  woman  with  golden  hair  and  beauty  equal 
to  hers.  For  long  after  her  death  king  cannot  be  comrorted.  CounciQon 
urge  him  to  many  again,  and  messengen  are  tent  to  seek  for  bride.  None 
is  found  suf&dently  beautiful. — (i)  King's  daughter  exactly  rescmblei  her 
mother.  Perceiving  this,  king  resolves  to  wed  her. — (j)  To  hinder  him, 
daughter  demands  Rrsl  three  dresses,  like  the  sun,  the  moon,  and  the  itin, 
betides  a  irunlle  of  a  thousand  different  kinds  of  lur ;  every  kind  of  animal 
must  eootribule  towards  iL  She  thinks  to  have  ukcd  an  impossibility,  but 
maidens  weave  the  dresses,  and  huntsmen  procure  one  thousand  kinds  of  fur 
for  mantle. — (4)  King  shows  mantle,  and  fixes  wedding  for  the  morrow. 
Daughter  resolves  to  escape.  Whilst  all  sleep,  she  lakes  from  her  treasures 
gold  ring,  gold  spinning,  wheel,  and  gold  reeL  Puts  three  dresses  into  nul- 
(hell,  doDS  fur  mantle,  and  blackeiu  bee  and  hands.  Walking  all  nighl,  she 
reaches  forest,  and  rests  in  hollow  tree.  — (5)  Sleeps  till  full  day,  when  king 
who  owns  forest  comes  by  hunting.  Hounds  bark  round  tree,  and  king  Udt 
huntsmen  see  what  wild  beast  is  hidden  there.  Huntsmen  niarvel  at  iu 
strange  fur.  and  king  bids  them  take  it  alive,  and  fasten  it  to  carriage.  At 
hnaOmen's  touch,  heroine  awaket  full  of  terror ;  cries  that  ihe  is  poor  child 
deserted  by  parents,  and  begs  for  pity. — (6)  She  is  taken  to  palace  to  be 
kitchen-maid.  A  dark  closet  is  given  her  to  live  in,  and  dirty  work  to  do. 
She  it  called  Alleileiraub.— (7]  One  day,  when  feast  is  held  in  palue,  cook 


224 


CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 


consents  to  her  go'^'E  '<"■  half-fln-hoar  (o  look  00.  Alleileiraoh  taka^ 
into  her  den,  puts  off  fur  mantle,  washes  herself,  and  appeats  among  gaests  in 
golden  dress.  King  dances  with  her.  and  is  in  love  with  her.  She  vanishes 
at  end  of  dance,  and  guards  are  questioned  about  her  in  vain.  Allerleirauh 
resumes  disguise,  and  retnnu  to  kitchen. ^(S)  Cook  goes  to  look  on  at  ball, 
and  hidi  her  meanwhile  makesonp  for  king.  Allerteitauh  puts  gold  ring  into 
it.  King  enjofi  soup  ;  is  astonished  to  find  ring,  and  summoni  cook,  who 
scolds  Allerleirauh,  thinking  king  is  about  lo  complain.  King  asks  who  nude 
soup,  which  was  so  mach  better  than  usual.  Cook  canfeues  truth,  and 
Allerleirauh  is  fetched.  She  tells  king  she  is  an  orphan,  and  good  for 
nothing,  and  knows  naught  of  ring.— (9)  After  awhile  there  is  another 
festival.  Allerteitauh  begt  leave  la  look  on,  and  appears  at  ball  in  silver 
dress.  King  rejoices  to  see  her  again,  dances  with  her,  but  &ils  to  mark  her 
disappearing.— (10)  She  returns  to  kitchen  in  fur  dress  and  molies  soup, 
hiding  little  gold  spinning-wheel  in  it.  King  praises  soup,  and  sends  for  cook, 
who  again  acknowledges  who  made  it.  Allerleirauh  b  fetched,  says  she  is 
only  good  lot  having  boots  thrown  at  her,  and  denies  all  knowledge  ot 
spinning- wheeL — (11)  Third  festival  is  held,  all  happening  as  before.  King 
dances  with  Allerleirauh,  now  wearing  stBr-drcsi,  and  contrives,  unnoticed,  to 
shp  ring  on  her  finger.  At  close  of  dance,  prolonged  at  his  order,  he  tries 
lo  detam  her.  but  she  breaks  away  and  vanishes. — (12)  Having  been  absent 
more  than  half-an-hour,  Allerleirauh  has  only  time  to  fling  mantle  over  ball- 
dress,  and,  in  her  haste,  omits  to  blacken  one  finger.  She  makes  loup  and 
puts  in  gold  reel,  on  finding  which  king  snmmons  her,  and  espies  the  white 
finger  with  his  ting  on  it.— {13}  He  grasps  her  hand;  in  the  struggle,  fur 
mantle  opens  and  discloses  star-dress.  King  tears  off  mantle,  and  sees 
lovely  golden  hait,  and,  beneath  the  soot,  a  heavenly  face.  King  marries 
her. 


Ibid.,  vol,   ii,   pp.    169-76,     No.    130.     (From   Upper  Lusatia. 
Taken  from  Busching's  Wikhintluhe  NaehrUhttn,  ii,  17-16.) 


"  One-eve,  Two-e 


ndTmri 


I 


(t)  Woman  has  three  daughters,  eldest  called  "One-eye",  having  only  one 
eye  in  middle  of  forehead  ;  iccond,  "  Twocycs"  ;  youngest,  " Three- eye*", 
whose  third  eye  is  in  the  middle  of  forehead.  TwO'Cyes  is  hated  by  mother 
and  listers  for  being  like  other  people.  They  ill-treat  her,  give  her  old 
clotfaEi,  and,  for  food,  thnr  leavings.  Two-eyes  goes  to  field  to  tend  goat, 
and  cries  from  hunger  till  two  streams  run  down  from  her  eyes.~^i)  Looks 
up  and  sees  wise  woman,  who,  learning  why  she  weeps,  bids  her  dry  het  eyes 
and  say  lo  goat : 

"  Bleat,  my  little  goal,  bleat. 
Cover  the  table  with  lonething  to  eat" 


'  See  note  38. 


OKIMM. 


aaS 


d  table  trill  appeu  with  delicious  Tood,  which  tbc  shall  eal, 
and  then  say : 

"  Bleit,  bleat,  my  little  goal,  I  ptmy. 
And  lake  Ihc  table  ijuite  away." 
Tlien  the  table  will  vnnUh.  Wijc  vaman  departs,  and  lieioioe  does  u 
Mdden,  and,  after  laying  grace,  enjoys  reast.  In  the  evenitij;  she  lakes  goat 
home,  anii  Tinds  small  eaithenware  dish  with  food  ititers  have  left  her ;  but 
she  does  tiot  touch  it.  Neit  day  she  goes  with  goat,  leaviuf;  untoDchetl  the 
hcnips  of  bread  ofTerei!  her, — (;)|  First  and  second  time  she  does  this  no  Dolrce 
ti  taken,  but  presently  sisters  suspect  she  has  other  food-supply,  and  One-eye 
goes  to  lield  to  spy  on  her.     Heroine  sings  : 

"  One-eye,  wakest  thou? 
One-eye,  sleepest  Ihou,?" 

till  One-eye  falls  asleep.  Then  heroine  works  Ihe  food-charm  as  before.  She 
afterwards  wakes  One-eye,  iiuats  her  with  sleeping  instead  of  minding  goat, 
and  they  return  together.  Heroine  again  leaves  food  untouched,  and  One- 
eye  confesses  to  mother  that  the  fell  asleep,  and  failed  to  cliicover  anything. 
Neil  day  mothi  r  sends  Three-eyes  with  heroine.     They  sit  down,  and  heroine 


lirgS! 


"  Three-eyes,  are  you  waking  f" 


and,  instead  of  singing : 


"  Three-eyes,  are  you  sleeping?" 


"  Two  eyes,  are  you  sleeping?" 

So  only  two  eyes  really  sleep,  the  third  pretends,  and  watches  whilst  heroine 
OSes  her  charm.— (4)  They  return  home,  and  when  mother  hears  Three-eyes' 
Uotyi  she  fetches  batcher's  knife  and  kills  goat.  Two-eyes  goes  to  field, 
wecfung  bitterly.  Wise  woman  appears,  and  bids  her  ask  for  entrsils  of 
slaughtered  goat,  and  bury  them  in  (rant  of  house.  I  leroine  does  so.  Nest 
morning  a  tree,  with  leaves  of  lilver  and  fruit  of  gold,'  stands  before  house- 
door. — (j)  Mother  bids  One-eye  climb  to  gather  fruit,  but  just  as  One-eye  is 
about  to  get  hold  of  golden  apple,  the  branch  escapes  from  her  hand,  and  she 
trie  in  vain.  Same  thing  happens  10  Three-eyes.  Two-eyes  wants  to  try ; 
tistera  object,  but  she  climbs  up,  and  golden  apples  come  to  her  hand,  and  the 
btings  down  an  apronful.  Mother  lakes  them  from  her,  and  eniious  sisters 
treat  her  mole  harshly  than  ever.— (5)  Once,  as  they  are  all  standing  by  tree, 
B  yoang  knight  conies  up.  Sisters  hastily  hide  heroine  under  empty  barre  , 
and  push  gathered  golden  apples  under  too.  Knight  stops  lo  admire  tree,  asUi 
to  whom  it  belongs,  and  pioniises  lo  giant  any  wish  to  one  who  can  bestow  • 
branch  00  turn.  One-eye  and  Three-eyes  say  tree  is  thcin,  but  fail  to  pluck 
branch,  which  keeps  moving  away  from  their  hands.  Knight  doubts  tree 
beicg  tbein,  aitd,  whilst  he  u  speaking,  heroine  rolU  two  golden  apples  from 


226 


CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 


under  barrel  to  hu  feeu  Knighl  wunders  whence  they  come,  nnd  m 
length  lell  bim  of  Two-eye«.  Knight  callii  her  Torth,  ■dmircs  her  be&utj,  and 
bcgi  branch  oS  iree,  which  she  picks  quite  easily.  Knigot  ulu  what  he  shall 
graot  her  for  it,  Bnd  the  begs  to  be  lalieii  away  from  bucji  want  and  misery — 
(6)  So  he  ouiies  her  to  his  caitle.  gives  her  beautiTul  clothe^  and  marries  her. 
SiBlers  are  very  envious,  but  expect,  at  least,  to  relaiii  tree.  Bui  next  mom- 
iag  tree  has  vanished ;  and  heroine  linds  it  has  fallowed  her.  She  livel  long 
in  happiness. — (7}  One  day  two  poor  women  come  to  caslle  bej^ing  ;  heroine  _ 
recognises  her  sister*,  welcomes  them  and  cares  for  them,  a.ud  Ihcy  ii 
their  ill-treatment  of  ber. 


I  218    /iiJ;  vo!.  ii,  pp.  282-91,     No.  179.     (From  a  story  by  .^ndrua 
Schumacher,  in  Vienna.) 

"The  GoosE-tiiRL  at  the  Wi:ll." 

(I)  King  asks  daughter*  how  much  they  love  him.    Eldest  sayt,  " 
as  sweetest  sugar";  second,  "As  my  prettiest  dress."    Vouogeit  daugfaie 
says,  "  I  luvc  my  father  like  salt."     King  is  furious,  and  says,  "  Your  U 
shall  be  repaid  with  salt."     Dividing  kingdom  between  iwo  elder  daughter^.! 
he  binds  sock  ol  salt  on  back  ol  youngest,  and  bids  two  seivaiiti  lead  her  in 
loiesu     Mer  tear:  strew  the  road  with  peaib.'     King  afterwards  repenu,  but 
searches  for  her  in  vam. — (z)  Heroine  is  found  by  old  woman,  who  takes  b 
as  t;ogM;herd  anil  gives  bet  ok!  woman's  skin  as  disguise.— (3)  Ooe  dajrw 
nobleman  wandering  in   forest  ^ecj  old  woman  cutting  grass  fur  geese,  uidfl 
woodeis  how  she  can  carry  such  a  load  ai  well  as  two  baskets  of  apples  ud-f 
pears.     Takes  compassion  on  her,  and  oHers  10  carry  bundle  of  grass,  but  sl 
loodt  him  with  baskets  as  well,  and  he  is  overbuideoed.     Her 
him  persevere,  but  he  is  quite  exhausted  alter  toilin);  up  hdl,  white  she  w 
to  grow  more  nimble,  and  tinally  springs  un  top  of  bundle,  and  goads  bin)  oafl 
with    stinging-nettles.      He  nearly  drops    on    iea;:hing    old    woman's 
Geese  run  to  meet  her,  and  behind  them  [til.owi  a  hideous  old  wench  whal 
addresses  old  woman  as  mother,  and    he.^>  how   i^eiiilemao  has  borne  her 
burden.     Uld  woman  bids  him  rest. — (4)  Ue  slce[i:>  under  apple.tree  till  she 
awakens  him,  says  he  cannot  slay  longer,  and  giv..s  him  lillle  book  cut  out  ot 
single  emerald  which  will  bring  him  good  lottune.    He  llianks  her,  and  u 
olf,  wandering  three  days  belore  he  con  gel   out  ol   wilderness.     He  tbi 
reaches  a  royal  palace,  and  lays  emcrald-book  at  leet  of  queen.     She  opcnt  ll; 
and  falls  as  tnuughdead.     He  is  seized  by  king's  servants  to  be  led  Ic 
but  queen  revives  and  orders  his  release,  ilien  discloses  to  him  pnv-ilely  tlMt  I 
book    contains    peaiU  juit  like  those   that  used   (o   fall  from  her  youngest 
daughter's  eyes.     Nobleman  tells  how  he  came  by  pearl,  and  king  and  queen 


C  Rl  M  M.— C  RON  DO  RG. 


^■i^ 


ImTi  il  on  erut  lo  dry.  Meanwhile  %\tt  siu  weepioc,  uid  her  golden  hair  TulL 
lonnd  her  like  mintle.  ^1ie  hears  ruttling  of  boughs  in  a  neighbooring  Iree. 
and  inslftnilyilips  into  ikin  and  vanishes.  Trembling  with  alarm,  she  reaches 
threiholil,  where  old  vonmn  meels  her,  and  says  the  knows  whaihu  happened, 
that  the  time  it  Dp  uid  ihey  can  no  longer  remun  together.  Heroine  is  dit- 
majred,  fearing  In  be  Cost  ofT.  Old  womui  icis  to  work  (o  sweep  house,  and 
bidi  heroine  go  to  her  loom,  take  olf  skin,  and  put  on  silk  gown  in  which  old 
woman  found  her,  then  wait  till  she  is  called.  Meanwhile  Dobleman  has 
wandered  awnj'  from  king  and  queen,  and  is  resting  for  the  night  la  a  trie, 
when  be  sees  heroine  take  olf  skin  and  bathe.  When  she  is  slarllcd  by  noise  uf 
branches  and  Hies  off,  he  nishti  in  purtuii,  but  misses  her  and  falls  in  with 
king  and  queen. — (6)  They  reach  house  together,  and  lind  old  woman  spinning. 
She  bids  them  enter,  and,  after  reproving  parents  for  unjust  expulsion  of 
datlghlcr,  calls  heroine,  who  appears  clad  like  princess.  King  bemoaos  having 
given  away  kingdom  and  having  nothing  fur  youogesl  daughter.  Old  woman 
says  the  tears  she  has  wept  for  ber  parents  ace  precious  peai  Is.  These  and  the 
little  house  are  heroine's  reward  for  her  services  as  goose-girl.  Saying  which, 
old  woman  vanishes,  and  the  house  is  suddenly  Itansfurmed  into  palace. 


O.  L.  Groncobg,  Opie^neher P°*  Vcndelbomiil.  Koheiiha\n,  1884. 
1'.  96.  No.  VI.  (Oral ;  written  down  in  the  dialect  of  North 
Jutland,) 

"SriFDATTEREN"  (The  Stepdaughter). 

Ul  Heroine's  father  marries  a  widow  with  two  waked  daughters.  Heroine 
11  ouelly  treated,  dressed  in  stepsisters'  cast -off  clothes,  and  made  to  live  in 
the  kitchen  amongst  the  dirt  and  iiEhes. — (!}  bhe  goes  eveiy  Sunday  evening 
to  molher's  grave,  and  weeps,  saying  theic  is  none  to  whom  she  can  confide 
het  Hirrow.  Mother  is  moved  in  her  grave' ;  aibes  and  comfoils  ber, 
promises  a  bappy  future,  and  bids  her  ask  leave  to  go  to  church  next  Sunday. 
I(  this  be  denied  her,  she  must  go  to  littie  service-tree"  {itorbus  amufuria)  in 
garden,  knock  at  il  Ibrice,  and  say,  "  Open  my  store ;  1  am  going  10  church." 
(J)  Next  Sunday,  permission  to  go  to  church  being  denied  ber,  heroine  does 
as  bidden  by  mother.  The  tree  opens,  and  out  drives  a  golden  chariol- 
and.fouT,  witli  men-servants ;  and  there  is  a  silk  dress  for  her,  and 
gold  thoCA.  She  steps  into  the  chariot.  They  throw  a  bagful  of  mist 
before  them  and  a  bagful  of  mist  behind  them,  that  none  may  see 
whence  they  come  or  whither  they  go,  and  they  bic  to  church. 
Heroine  goes  to  stepmother's  pew.  To  make  room  for  ber,  slcpisters 
arc  squecied   up  against   the   wall   liU   they  gape.     Service  over,    heroine 


n  superstition  in  Jutland. 


'  Crying  dead  persons  to  Ufe  was  once  a 
Traces  of  it  are  found  in  ballads  and  sagas. 

'  Few  trees  are  found  in  the  severe  climate  of  North  Jutland.     Hence  tbis 
il  pnibibty  a  seivicc-tree :  though  the  word  also  denotes  a  witcb-trcc. 

Q2 


CINnERF-M.A   VARrANTS. 

hastens  to  carriage ;  a  bigful  of  miat  U  thrown  before  and  behind,  snd  > 
vanishes.     Stepmother  returns,  botsting  of  her  luck  th«t  the  slrmgc  princes^ 
disceming  what  kind  of  people  she  was  amongst,  should  have  taX   down 
beside  her  and  her  daughters.     Stepmother  tries  in  vain  to  Irsm  anything  of 
unknown  i>eauty. — (4)  Nexl  SundR)'  church  is  crowded.     King's  son  is  there 
Cod,  wanting  to  see  beautiful  princessi  of  whom  everybody  has  been  talking. 
Everything  happens  u  on  first  Sunday.     Prince  mehcs  out,  bul  all  he  si 
is  bomclhing  like  the  long  beam  a(  a  shooting- star  through  dense  misL — (5)  1 
tie  is   "elfshot"*  (liewUched)  by  the  lovely  girl,  who  iieit  Sunday  appenra  1 
again  like  a  shooting -star,  and  hurries  away  as  belore  after  service.     King's 
son  pursues  her,  and  puts  hii  fool  on  one  of  her  gold  shoes,  which  >he  is   I 
obliged  10  leave  behind  as  she  vanishes,  like  a  shooting-star,  into  n 
(6)  fie  proclaims  thai  he  will  wed  whomsoever  tlie  shoe  fits.    Al!  the  girls 
try  it  on,  some  cutting  heel  and  some  loe.     But  on  Ihe  churchyard. gate  si 


"  Cut  heel  and  cut  loe  t 
In  the  ashes  sits  the  girl  who  has  w 


n  the  golden  shoe  !*' 


(7)  At  last  heroine,  in  her  chariot,  arrives  through  the  mist  like  ■  sbooting- 
slar,  and  puis  her  foot  into  the  golden  shoe,  which  fits  it  eiaclly.     King's 
son  Ete[«  into  her  chariot,  and  ihcy  drive  to  the  palace.    The  wedding  (esli- 
vities  last  for  lifieen  days.     SlepFisIen  are  yellow  nnd  giey  with  vuation ;    | 
and,  since  they  cry  their  eyes  ltd,  nobody  caies  lo  court  ihem. 


S.    GKUNDTvir,,    Gamle  danske  Minder  i  J-olketttHitiU.     Copen- 
hagen,  1857.      II,  p.  2\.      (Narrated  by  a  famitr's  wife  in  I 
Thy,  a  district  of  Julland.) 


"  CIui.ht 


"  (Ootd-dice). 


(1)  King  has  three  daughtert  i  Ihe  youngest  named  Guldlcvrning.  War 
breaks  out,  and  he  conceals  them  in  a  mound,  giving  them  victuals  for  seven 
years.  The  king  is  slain,  ihe  princesses  arc  forgotten.  Afier  Ihey  have 
ealen  the  dog  and  cat  the  two  elder  die  of  honger,  and  heroine  tries  lo  dig  a 
way  out.  At  last  she  makes  a  hole  luge  enough  to  look  IhiuDgh,  catches  k 
mouse,  which  »he  skins  and  cats,  and  finally  succeedi  in  getting  onl,— (3)  A 
new  king  dwells  in  her  fathei'»  casllc,  where  she  gets  employed,  fitil  as  goose- 
herd,  then  as  cook.— (j)  King  is  to  marry  a  piincess  whom  he  lins  never  seen, 
and  who  is  very  ugly,  .^he  gives  biith  to  a  ton  on  the  wedding-day,  and 
sends  heioioe  lo  church  in  her  slead,  alrictly  enjoining  hei  to  say  no  word 


■    "Elfshot"  i*  used   of  ■  very  sudden  love.       Muijrugu  tellof  elves 
enlidng  yotuig  men  into  their  faiiy  revels. 


diu 


GRUNDTVIG.  229 

going  or  coming.    The  horse  knows  her  instantly  and  bows  to  her.     She 

murmars : 

"  Bow  not  to  me, 

Dear  Black,  my  steed, 

The  last  maid  that  rode  thee 

Was  I  indeed." 

To  prince's  question  she  replies  that  she  said  nothing.    They  pass  a  bridge. 
She  says : 

**  This  bridge  was  built  firm  by  my  father,  they  say, 
Not  to  tremble  on  Guldtaerning's  wedding-day." 

Again  prince  asks  what  she  said.     A  raven  flies  past  them.    She  says : 

*'  The  raven  black  o*erhead  is  flying  ; 
The  bride  in  the  oven-hole^  is  lying, 
She  bears  a  son,  there's  no  denying  1" 

Same  question  and  same  reply.     Heroine  descries  the  mouie-skin  fastened  to 
a  stick,  and  whispers  : 

**  Ah !  the  grey  mouse 'still  is  there. 
These  little  fingers  skinned  it  bare  ; 
If  only  less  cruel  had  been  my  need, 
I  would  rather  have  died  than  have  done  this  deed." 

Same  question,  same  answer.  At  church  prince  gives'  her  one  of  his  gloves, 
aying  it  must  be  returael  by  the  hind  that  received  it.  Then  thejr  are 
married,  and  heroine  returns  and  exchanges  dresses  again  with  betrothed 
princess. — (4)  Feeling  ill,  the  latter  wishes  to  go  to  bed.  Prince,  suspicious 
of  something  wrong,  will  not  allow  h*r  to  do  so  till  she  has  repeated  what 
was  said  to  the  horse.  She  does  not  remember,  but  will  ask  Guldtaeming  ; 
goes  and  gives  her  a  box  on  the  ear.  Guldtaeming  tells  her,  and  the  same 
thing  happens  with  respect  to  the  bridge,  the  raven,  and  the  hill. — (5)  Finally 
the  prince  demands  the  glove.  Heroine  will  not  give  this  up,  but  stretches 
out  her  hand  from  beneath  the  princrss's  cloak.  Prince  holds  her  fast, 
exclaiming,  "  Here  is  my  true  bride  !" — (6)  Princess  is  sentenced  to  death 
for  the  deception  ;  and  prince  and  heroine  live  happily  together. 


Ilfid.,  ii,  157.     (From  Vensyssel,  a  district  in  Jutland.     Narrated    284 

by  a  field  labourer.) 

"  Prinsessen  pa  Oen"  (The  Princess  on  the  Island). 

(i)  King  of  England  has  a  son,  who,  seeing  picture  of  Danish  princess,  falls 
in  love  with  her.  Father  approves  his  choice,  saving,  "  When  Denmark  and 
England  agree,  no  power  on  earth  can  master  them."     King  of  Denmark  will 


^  Just  in  front  of  the  oven-mouth  there  is  a  square  hole,  like  a  tomb,  into 
which  fire  and  embers  are  raked  from  the  oven  when  heated  ready  for  baking. 
This  u  called  the  oven-hole,  or  oven-grave. — Feilb<rg, 


a^a  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS, 

not  give  up  hii  daughter,  aud  war  between  the  kings  ensues. — (j)  Prince 
enlcrs  Danish  capital ;  the  liing  sends  his  daughter  to  &  distant  island,  wilh 
seven  maids,  a  little  dog,  and  victuals  for  seven  fears.  Here  she  is  striclly 
immured  in  a  castle.  Danish  king  falls  in  battle  ;  the  capital  is  taken  by 
English  prince,  who  walks  through  alt  the  rooms  in  the  cnstle. — (3)  In  one  he 
finds  an  ebony  loom  bearing  an  unRnished  web,  into  which  ate  woven  birds, 
fishes,  and  all  kinds  of  beasts.  Having  vainly  *ougbi  everywhere  for  the 
Danish  princess,  be  proclaims  that  whosoever  can  finish  the  web  shall  be  his 
bride.  A  certain  duke  has  a  very  clever  daughter  who  tries,  but  in  vain,  to 
finish  the  web;  it  is  too  cunningly  wrought,— It)  la  l!ie  mean:  i  me  heroine 
and  her  maids,  having  consumed  the  victuals,  try  to  break  their  way  out  of 
castle.  One  of  the  maids  proposes  thai  the  rest  should  kill  and  cat  her,  aa  she 
cares  not  to  livo  :  and  so  in  turn  do  all  the  seven.  Only  faeioine  is  left,  and 
when  she  has  eaten  the  dog  she  catches  mice  for  food,  and  hangs  their  skins 
on  strings.  At  length  she  gets  out,  signals  to  a  distant  ship  by  waving  a 
blanket,  is  taken  on  board  and  brought  to  (alhcr's  country.— (5)  Mi-re  she 
d»<fs  her  rook  dresses  and,  clad  in  rags,  seeks  employment  as  scntlery.maid  at 
the  castle.  She  sometimes  has  10  carry  water  for  washing  into  the  room 
where  the  loom  is.  Duke's  daughter  tells  her  she  never  knew  such  a  diflicult 
piece  of  work.  Heroine  siys  she  believes  she  could  finish  it,  and  is  allowed 
to  try.  She  begins  by  remaking  the  whole,  and,  after  a  few  days,  duke's 
daughter  lends  word  to  prince  that  Ihc  web  is  finished.  Though  doubting 
her  truthfulnesi,  he  is  obliged  to  marry  ber. — (6)  Heroine's  horse  Blanks  haa 
grown  wild  and  unmanageable  during  (he  seven  yeati.  The  bride  is  to  ride 
it  to  church.  Duke's  daughter  is  afraid,  and  olfere  heroine  100  dollars  Id 
wear  bridal  dress  and  gn  to  church  in  her  stead.  Ho  it  happens.  Crossing 
Ihc  bridge,  hfroine  says: 

"  Bridge,  do  not  crack  or  break  with  me, 
The  king,  my  father,  builded  thee." 

And  to  the  dog  : 

"  Nay,  you  should  not  bark  at  mci 
Tbe  king,  my  bthcr,  pelted  thee." 

Mounting  the  walls,  she  says  ; 

"  Swimming  'ncath  these  walls  of  green 
Lovely  fishci  may  be  seeiu 

As  naught  could  be  had  for  my  red  gold,  my  dnwcr. 
The  ^vcn  maids  and  the  di^  I  was  forced  to  devour." 


Prince  asks  what  she  said.     "Nothing  at  all." 
island  where  sht-  had  been  immured,  and  says  : 


She  ^ 


"  See  hanging  there  the  mou>.e-skins  grey 
Vliich  these  smaU  handt  of  mine  did  Hay  ; 
If  hunger  did  nut  drive  me  to  it. 
Fat  niiher  would  1  die  than  do  it." 


GRUNDTVIG.  23I 

Same  question  from  prince  ;  same  reply.    They  go  up  to  the  horse.    It  is 
restive,  and  kicks.     Heroine  says  : 

"  Bow  to  me,  Blanke,  my  steed, 
The  last  maid  that  rode  thee 
Was  I  indeed." 

Instantly  the  horse  kneels  down.  The  prince  discovers  who  the  lady  is  who 
rides  beside  him.  At  the  church  he  pulls  off  his  gold  gloves  and  gives  them 
to  heroine,  who  must  swear  to  return  them  to  him  and  to  none  other.  Then 
they  are  married  and  return  home. — (7)  Heroine  and  duke's  daughter  exchange 
dresses  again.  Bride  has  to  ask  chambermaid  for  the  words  she  must  repeat 
to  prince,  who  at  last  demands  the  gloves.  Heroine  will  not  give  them  up, 
but  consents  to  go  into  bedchamber,  where  the  light  is  put  uut— (8)  She 
puts  out  her  hand  and  prince  holds  her  fast,  and  dismisses  duke*s  daughter 
and  sends  her  home.    Prince  marries  heroine.^ 


Ibid,     Story  No.  VII.     Pp.  30-35.  162 

"  Den  LILLE  Rode  Kg"  (The  little  Red  Cow). 

(i)  A  certain  king  lost  his  wife.  His  daughter  put  on  her  mother's  dress, 
and  appeared  before  the  king,  who  was  so  struck  by  her  likeness  to  his  dead 
wife,  that  he  fell  in  love  with  her,  and  wanted  to  marry  her. — (2)  The  girl  was 
so  horrified  at  the  proposal,  that  she  ran  away  from  home,  and  met  a  little  red 
cow.  The  cow  asked  her  why  she  was  weeping  so  bitterly,  and  the  girl  told 
everything.  The  cow  carried  her  to  another  kingdom,  hid  herself  in  a  sand- 
pit, telling  the  princess  to  go  to  the  royal  palace  hard  by,  and  hire  herself  as 
kitchen-maid.— (3)  The  princess  did  so.  She  had  to  attend  upon  the  king, 
who  sent  her  away  on  account  of  her  ugly  appearance. — (4)  One  Sunday  they 
all  went  to  church.  The  princess  was  told  to  stop  at  home  and  cook  the 
dinner.  Instead  of  doing  this,  she  ran  to  the  sand-pit,  and,  assisted  by  the 
cow,  got  a  beautiful  dress,  put  it  on,  and  went  to  church.  The  king  and  the 
whole  congregation  were  surprised  at  her  beauty.  Before  the  service  was  over, 
she  ran  back  to  the  sand-pit,  put  on  her  usual  dress,  and  returned  to  the  castle. 
The  dinner  was  found  ready. — (5)  The  following  Sunday  she  did  the  same 
thing. — (6)  The  third  Sunday  the  princess  lost  one  of  her  gold  shoes.  The 
king  wishing  to  find  her,  ordered  all  the  young  girls  to  try  the  shoe  on,  but 
it  would  not  fit  any  of  them.  At  last  they  sent  for  the  scullery-maid,  and  the 
shoe  fitted  her  to  perfection. — (7)  The  king  married  her.  The  little  red  cow 
was  an  enchanted  princess. 


^  See  note  31. 


1 163    Prof.  S,  Grundtvig's  Unpublished  Collection.   {From  Vensyssel,  1 
Jutland.     Written  down  by  Mr.  N.  Chrisiensen,  student.) 


"PussEL  I  Skindkjolen"  (Pusst;!  In  the  Skin-diess). 


(I)  Qm 


King  y 


1  to  mlrry  fa 


1  dnughler,  who  demuidi  * 

1  of   Ihe  field;   one  like  gold  and 


first  thr«e  dresses  !   one  like  the  i 

diamonds ;   and   ant  1 

absence,  she  sews  up  a  skin  dress  for  hcnelf,  wid  whpn  he  returns  and  gives 

her  the  three  dresses,  she  makes  het  escape. ^(3)  She  lakes  a  situation  u 

kitchen-maid  in  the  castle  ;  goes  thrice  lo  church  in  her  magniScent  diessa. 

— (4)  The  last  time  king's  son  ohtaini  her  golden  shoe,  and  afterwards  takes 

for  hia  bride  the  girl  who  was  called  "  Pussel  in  the  Skin-dress". 


I  164   /iiii-    (Told  by  ihi:  Baroness  Juanina  Slanipe,  PraesCo,  Zealand,) 
"  Den  LILLE  Sko"  (The  liltie  Shoe). 

{■)  King  wants  lo  marry  his  own  daughter. — (2)  She  weeps  thereat,  and 
is  counselled  by  an  old  woman  to  ask  htr  father  for  •  silver  dre«,  a  gold  dres«, 
and  a  pair  of  matchless  shoei-  With  ihese  she  runs  away  clad  as  ft  poor  girl, 
and  Ukes  situation  at  the  castle  to  help  the  cook.— {3)  She  is  left  10  attend 
to  the  dinner  whilst  cook  goes  lo  church  ;  but  goes  lo  church  haiself  ii 
her  silver  dresi.  King  inijui  res  who  she  is.  She  only  says,  "Light  before  me, 
darkne^  behind  me !  None  shall  see  whither  I  go  !"  and  vatiishcs.— (4)  Th«  I 
same  thiag  happens  the  following  Sunday  when  she  wears  her  gold  dFeu.— 
(5)  The  third  Sunday  she  wears  her  matchless  shoes  and  loses  one,  by  mean 
of  which  king  discovers  her.  — [6}  He  marries  her.  Het  father  is  invited  ti 
the  wedding. 


Jh'tf.     (Written  down  by  Miss  Anna  Braasc;  from  East  Juiland-)  I 

"LuDSF.  Lurveh.stte"  (Lucy  Ragged-hood). 

(i)  Man  has  three  daughters,  and  ill-treats  Ihe  youngest.  She  has  to 
at  home  and  milk  the  cows,  whilst  the  others  go  to  church. — (1)  Cat  come*  ■ 
and  asks  for  some  milk,  which  heroine  gives.  Mother  misses  milk,  and  beats 
her.  Neit  Sunday  cat  again  gets  milk,  and  heroine  a  ihrashing.  Third 
Sunday  heroine  is  afraid  lo  give  any  mi!k,  bat  cat  persuades  her  she  will  be 
happier  if  she  does.  Cat  drinks  ;  grows  larger  and  larger,  and  pushes  ofT 
her  skin  i  bids  heroine  don  Mn,  go  to  king's  palace,  and  ask  for  situation, 
calling  herself  Ludte,— (3)  Heroine  does  so,  and  is  hired  as  kiichenmaid. — 
(4)  Everyone  in  palace  goes  lo  church.     Cat  gives  Ludse  a  magnificent  drets, 


I  gulden  carri^e,  and  tt 


r.RUNDTVIC'S   MS.   COLLECTFON. 


I  hones,  and  bids  het  go  t 


(lie  Diys,  and  vmishes  after  the  «er»icc.  — (5)  Next  Sunday  she  drives  to 
church  in  curiage  pf  pare  gold.  King  follows  her  out,  and  gets  one  of  her 
golden  shoes. — (6)  He  will  we<i  whomsoever  it  Ills.  Sntne  cut  Iheir  heel  and 
lomc  their  loe,  but  nobody  can  get  the  shoe  on, — {7)  A  bird  rings  to  tlie 
king  ! 

"  Cm  a  heel,  and  cut  a  toe  1 
The  shoe  fits  ihe  girl  in  ihe  kitchen,  I  know." 


All  Ihe  kitchen 


rantt  ace  called,  and.  at  last,  Ludse,  who  puts  on  the  shoe, 
;  i|ueen.^8)  The  cat's  head  is  chopped  off.  and  buried  beneath  a 
Thereupon  the  cat  becomes  a  prince,  the  brother  o(  the  king. 


Jiid.     (Written  dowo  by  tlie  Baroness  Nanna  Keetz;  from  East     40  4 
Jutland) 

"Dkn  hvioe  Hund,  el  Put-i-Gryde"  {The  White  Dog,  or 

Put-in  to-pot). 
(I)  Widower,  with  one  daughter,  marries  widow  with  one  daughter.  Step- 
mother ill-trca's  heroine,  miking  her  do  dirty,  menial  work. — (1 1  Heroine  is 
forbidden  to  go  to  church,  and  sits  weeping,  when  little  dog  appears,  gives 
her  fine  clothes,  and  offers  to  do  her  work  if  she  will  promise  to  give  him  the 
first  two  boys  she  shall  bear, — (3)  Heroine  agrees,  and,  donning  fine  clothes, 
goes  to  church.  On  the  way  home,  a  younj  man  follows  het,  and  soatcho 
away  ber  neckerchief.— (4 1  She  gets  a  new  one  from  the  <Jog,  and,  on  Ihe 
ibllowing  Sun'lay,  when  all  happens  as  before,  she  loses  a  gold  apple  which 
the  wai  carrying  in  her  hand.— (5)  On  the  third  Sunday  she  loses  her  golden 
*hoe. — (6)  Some  days  afterwards  the  young  man  rides  to  the  farm,  inquiring 
or  the  girl  who  bad  been  to  church  and  had  lost  her  shoe. —(7)  Stepsister 
cuts  her  beel  and  ber  toe  to  put  on  shoe,  but  (ails  lo  produce  its  fellow. — (8) 
Heroine  cao  wear  shoe  -,  also  shows  the  other  one,  and  the  neckerchief  and 
apple.  V'oung  man  marries  her. — (9)  She  bears  two  boys,  and  weeps  al 
thought  of  losing  them.  A  beggar  appears,  and  says  he  has  seen  three  small 
boyi  coming  out  of  a  bartow  (or  mound),  and  heard  one  say  10  his  comrades, 
"To-morrow  we  shall  be  five,  ^  father  will  gel  the  two  new-bom  babes 
that  were  promised  him,  m.lesi  their  mother  should  say  to  him,  '  -Shame  on 
you,  you  red  Pat-in  to- pot."  " — ( 10)  When  the  dog  comes  for  the  boys,  heroine 
pronounces  these  words,  and  he  ioslanily  flics  into  flints  and  potsherds.'  The 
begev  lives  with  ihem  in  happiness. 


'  The  Rev.  H   F.  Feilberg  (hereinafter  referrtd  to  a*  F.)  explain  that  the 
ymaSaa  "to  Ay  iota  flints  and  potshetdi"  is  to  beonderitoid  literally.     In 


334  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

Ibid.    (Written  down  by  Miss  Anna  Braase;  from  Ea^i.  Juihnd) 
"  Uen  LILLE  Handske"  (The  Utile  Glove). 

(t)  There  are  iwo  aiilers.  The  ugljr,  wicked  one  lives  hajipily,  while  the 
ffioA  and  bcauliful  sister  a  jll-treslcd.  She  weepi  becanse  she  may  not  go 
to  church.— (I)  A  man  of  smsll  stature  appears  gives  her  fine  clothes,  imd 
sends  her  to  church.     Leaving  before  an)Tine  else,  she  says  ; 


and  is  at  home  in  lier  old.  dirty  gown.  Sister  wonders  who  the  fair  lady  can 
be — 13)  Neit  Sunday  all  happens  as  before.— (4)  On  the  third  Sunday 
heroine  drives  to  church,  bat,  on  the  way  home,  loses  her  glove. — (5I  The 
squire's  «on  6nds  it,  and  proclaiiDS  that  he  will  marry  the  girl  it  fits.  Neither 
the  wicked  sister,  nor  anyone  else,  can  weaj  it. — (6)  At  lost  heroine  mikes 
(rial ;  she  draws  on  the  glove,  and  is  at  once  robed  in  splendonr.  The  sqoire'i 
son  recognises  her,  and  marriei  her. 


42    INd.     (Told  and  v 


own  by  Mr.  Palk-  riue.  Siirvcynr,  West 
Jutland.) 

"Askepot"  ( Pot- r.)f- Ashes), 

(I)  VTidow  and  daughter  go  to  chorch.  A»kepot,  the  stepdaughter,  man 
sit  nt  home  on  ihe  heartfa, — I  j)  Dog  oflers  to  wash  and  sweep  for  her,  uid 
bidi  her  go  to  limeltee,  and  get  a  dress,  carriage,  and  horses,  and  go  10 
church.  King's  son  sees  Askepoi,  whose  beauty  makes  him  forget  parton, 
sermon,  and  all. — (J)  Stepmother  and  stepsister  return  and  le!!  Askepol  of 
the  lovely  girl.  Aakepol  says  she  saw  her  pass  by  from  Ihe  canh-wall'  round 
the  garden.  To  thwart  her,  ilepmolher  has  wall  removed. — (4)  Next  Sun- 
day, all  happens  as  before.  King's  son  trie*  in  vain  10  catch  Aekepot. — (5) 
Stepmother  has  the  pea,l-beap  scattered,  because  heroine  says  she  was  watch- 


Daniih  ngas  it  is  by  no  means  uncoramon  for  trolls  and  gianis  10  burst  with 
n^e  into  Sints  ;  and  it  l)  frequently  added  :  "  Thai  ii  why  you  so  often  cut 
your  naked  feet  on  sharp  flints."  (Mr.  Feilberg  cues  a  li>og  list  of  sudi 
n  his  Juilandic  Dictionary.)  The  expression  is  nsed  in  oidinaty 
I  signify  a  high  degree  of  anger  :  it  ii  probably  borrowed  from 
hesigu. 

■  The  gardens  in  Denmark  are  surrounded  by  an  earth-wall  of  several  Teet 
n  height,  from  the  tup  of  which  girls  commonly  waich  the  pftsiers-by.—/". 


PROF.   GRUNDTVIG'S   MS.   COLLECTION.  235 

ing  thence. — (6)  On  the  third  Sunday  the  king's  son  has  the  church  en- 
trance smeared  with  tar,  and  heroine  loses  a  gold  shoe. — (7)  Stepmother  has 
the  bakehouse^  pulled  down,  because  heroine  pretends  to  have  seen  the  fair 
unknown  thence. — (8)  King*s  son  will  marry  whomsoever  the  gold  shoe  fits. 
Mothers  arrive  in  hundreds  with  their  daughters,  who  in  vain  cut  heel  and 
toe.  Askepot  comes  too,  but  cannot  get  entrance  because  of  the  crowd  at 
the  front  door ;  so  she  goes  in  at  the  kitchen  door,  and  rests  by  the  hearth. — 

(9)  Owner  of  the  house  understands  language  of  birds,'  and  hears  them 

singing : 

"  Some  cut  their  heel,  and  some  their  toe, 

But  she  sits  by  the  hearth  who  can  wear  the  shoe." 

(10)  He  tells  king's  son,  who  goes  to  kitchen,  puts  shoe  on  heroine's  foot, 
and  marries  her. 


Ibid,     (From  West  Jutland.)  43 

"  GuLDSKOEN"  (The  Golden  Shoe). 

(i)  Heroine  is  ill-treated  by  stepmother  and  two  stepsisters.  She  roust  sit 
in  kitchen,  and  is  called  "Askepbker"  (Whipper  of  the  Ashes).— (2)  The 
lamily  are  invited  to  wedding-party ;  heroine  may  not  go  till  she  has  gathered 
a  cup  of  pease  from  a  pot  of  boiling  water ;  then  do  the  same  in  ten  minutes  ; 
thirdly,  in  five  minutes.  She  performs  task  (without  supernatural  help),  and 
yet  may  not  go. — (3)  The  others  start,  and  heroine  goes  to  mother's  grave. 
Mother  gives  her  gold  dress  and  shoes,  and  she  goes  to  wedding. — (4)  She 
returns  first,  but  loses  a  golden  shoe— {5)  Prince  will  wed  whomsoever  it 
fits.  Elder  stepsister  cuts  off  her  toe,  but  prince,  seeing  the  blood  trickling 
from  shoe,  returns  her.  Second  stepsister  cuts  her  heeL  The  shoe  will  only 
fit  the  giri  left  whipping  the  ashes. — (6)  Prince  marries  her. 

\NoU. — The  story  is  ill-remembered.] 


Ibid.     (Written  down  by  Miss  Orlsen,  T^eahnd,)  44 

"Meiie  Trahatte"  (Mette  Wooden-hood;. 

(i)  HerotOfC's  lather  is  a  widower.  Her  widowed  ichoolmistreM  permadcs 
Mette  to  ask  her  Cither  to  marry  schoolmistress,  who  has  two  daughters,  ooe 
of  whom  has  three  eyes,  one  In  her  ifteck.  Father  marries  widow.— 4 2> 
Heroine  b  ill- treated  by  stepmother,  and  goes  to  nsolber's  grave:  She 
knocks  at  it,  and  mother  speaks,  bidding  her  come  to  grave  whenever  in 
uoobie.  Sboold  a  stepsister  accompany  her,  she  need  only  say,  *'  Sleep  one- 
eye,  sleep  two-ej'es,  tlcep  the  whole  l^viy  !" — '3/  Two-eyed  vtepMster  i»  put 


'  Ovoi  aad  kaeading'trr#Bgh  are  m  a  small  separate  bwlding,  which  mty 
be  easOy  dMst^dL— /:  '  See  note  32. 


3^6  CINDERF.LI.A   VARIANTS. 

to  sleep  in  this  way,  whilst  mother  speaks  to  heroine.     Two  white  dove* 
^rn  the  altar  rest  on  her  shoulders  and  give  her  food. — (4)  Neil  Time  three- 
eyed  stepsister  comes  s  only  two  eyes  sleep  ;  the  third  sees  everything,  and 
stepsister  reports  to  mother.    Heroine  is  shut  np,  but  escapes  to  grave. — 
(;)  Mother  give!;  her  a  wooden  dress  and  a  small  box,  md  bids  her  get  on  ted 
calf  outside  churchyard.     CalC  carries  her  through  a  silver,  •  golden,  and 
a  diamond  foresL     From  each  she  lakes  a  leaf,   which  is  transformed  to 
a  dress.    They  arc  each  time  iltacked  by  wild  men  and  animals,  but  get 
safely  to  gold  castle. — (6)  Heroine  takes  service  al  castle,     iihe  receives  from  J 
little  black  dog  in  the  box  three  dresses,  horses  and  carriages,  and  goea  I 
three  Sundays  to  church.     She  lelU  king,  who  has  previously  thrown  « 
bsot!,  and  towel  at  her,  that  she  comes  from  Water-,  Boots-,  Towel- 
Third  Sunday  church-walk  is  smeared  wi'h  tar,  and  heroine  loses  a  diamond   | 
shoe.— <7)  It  if  sent  nil  over  the  world,  but  lits  nobody  till  it  is  tried  on  Mette   ( 
Tneha^te.     She  is  made  queen. 


/iid.     (By  the  Baroness  Jeanina  Stampe,  Praesto,  Zealand.) 
"Den  LILLE  Rode  Kalv"  (The  little  Red  Calf), 

(I)  Heroine  tends  cattle,  bu^  g«ts  only  mouldy  bread  and  dirty  water  to 
ent  and   drink.    Litlle  red  calf  shows  her  green  leaf  behind  its  ear,   hold- 
ing which  she  may  wish  fo-  any  food  she  likes  anJ  will  get  it.— (1)  Step- 
mother discovers  this,  and  shuts  up  heroine,  who  succeeds  in   making  her 
escape,  and  rides  on  red  calf  through  (copper],  silver  and  gold  forests.— (3) 
In  the  first  two  forests  calf  overcomes  another  calf  taUer  than  itself,  becaute 
heroine  is  silent.    But  in  third  forest  calf  is  killed,  because  she  speaks  to  ir. 
Knowing  what  will  happen,  calf  has  given  her  the  green  leaf,  and  has  bidden 
her  lay  il  on  a  slone  outside  palace.    She  now  does  so,  and  gets  situation  at 
kitchen- maid.^ — (4)  Cook   goes  to  church,  leaving  heroine  at  home.     King 
orders  water  to  wash  in  ;  dirty  be  she  is,  heroine  hastens  to  carry  him  the 
lub,   and  he  throws  it  downstairs  alt  over  her.     King  goei  to  church,  and 
heroine  to  the  slone,  and  wishes  for  a  beautiful  dress  and  a  coach  and  four. 
She  drives   to   church,  and   Ling   inijuirrs  who  she  is.     Heroine  answers, 
"A  princess  from  Ihe  Land  of  Throw-Waler."— (5)  The  same  happens  o 
n  second  and  on  a  third  Sunday  ;  only  that  the  king  throws  first  day  ■  towel,  I 
second  ilay  a  comb  at  her,  so  that  she  says  she  comes  "  'rom  the  Land  of  J 
Tbmw-Towel",  and  "from  ihe  Land  of  Throw- Comb".— (6)  King  order*   I 
servant  to  steal  one  of  her  shoes,  and  then  wants  to  marry  whatever  girl  it  f 
will  lit.     Kut  the  shoe  iits  nobody  except  the  kitchen-mud,  who  tbereupoa  1 


PROF.   GRUNDTVIG*S   MS.   COLLECTION.  237 

Ibid,     (From  Zealand.)  46 

"  Hasselbroder"  (Hazel-Brother). 

(i)  A  parson*s  daughter  works  as  kitchen'inaid  for  stepmother  and  step- 
sister.— (2)  The  serving* man  going  to  fair  in  neighbouring  town,  offers  to  buy 
heroine  whatever  she  likes.  She  only  asks  for  the  first  thing  that  touches  his 
hat.  On  his  way  through  the  wood  to  town,  and  also  on  his  return,  the  twig 
of  a  hazel-tree  knocks  his  hat  He  cuts  the  twig  for  heroine,  who  calls  it  her 
Hazel-brother,  and  afterwards  loses  it  in  the  well. — (3)  Stepmother  and  step- 
sister go  to  church  to  have  a  look  at  the  prince,  while  heroine  must  stay  at 
home  to  work.  She  goes  to  well  and  bemoans  her  ill-luck.  Three  lap-dogs 
come  out  of  the  well,  do  her  work  for  her,  bring  her  clothes  and  a  carriage 
and  send  her  to  church. 

"  Darkness  behind. 
Light  before!" 

she  says. — (4)  Afterwards  she  tells  stepmother  and  stepsister  that  she  has  seen 
the  beautiful  strange  lady  from  the  bam.  The  barn  is  pulled  down. — (5)  Next 
Sunday  four  dogs  appear  and  give  her  a  silver  dress,  silver  shoes,  a  carriage, 
and  four  grey  horses.  Afterwards  she  says  she  has  seen  the  beauty  from  the 
church  wall,  which  is  thereupon  pulled  down. — (6)  Third  Sunday  there  are  five 
dogs,  who  give  her  a  gold  dress,  a  carriage,  and  four  white  horses.  Prince 
gets  one  of  heroine*s  shoes  and  a  flap  of  her  cloak.  Stepsister  cuts  heel  and  toe 
so  as  to  wear  the  shoe.     Crow,  sitting  on  the  house,  caws, 

"  Cut  off  your  toe  a  bit  and  cut  your  heel  away ! 
But  the  shoe  will  only  fit  the  maid  in  the  ashes  grey.** 

(7)  Heroine  fetches  her  fine  dresses  from  her  Hazel-brother,  and  marries  the 
prince. 


Ibid,     (Told  and  written  down  by  Mr.  Nis  Callescn,  a  farmer       47 

in  N.  Sleswick.) 

"  Mette  Skindkjole"  (Mette  Skin-gown). 

(i )  Heroine's  mother  dies,  and  her  father  marries  a  widow  by  whom  he  has 
two  daughters.  Heroine  is  called  Mette  Skin-gown,  and  stepmother  makes 
her  always  sit  blowing  into  the  ash-hole. — (2)  Heroine  goes  weeping  to 
mother's  grave,  and  mother  gives  her  a  white  stick  with  which  to  touch  a 
certain  tree  in  the  garden,  and  obtain  anything  she  wants. — (3)  When  Sunday 
comes,  and  she  is  left  at  home  alone,  heroine  wishes  for  a  carriage  and  coach- 
man, and  drives  to  church. 

"  Light  before  ! 
Dark  behind  !" 

she  says,  and  is  back  home  again  before  the  others,  and  sitting  in  the  ashes 


238  CINDERF.LLA   VARIANTS. 

when  Ihey  return.     TliU  happens  ihiee  5unitR]fS,  when  she  is  cl>d  in  lillt,  it 
silver,  in  goltl.   Kinj;  Tails  in  love  with  the  beautiful  princess,  and  on  the  third  | 
Sunday  catches  her  golden  shoe. — (4)  Whoever  can  wear  ihe  shoe  shall  be  h 
queen.     StepsLilers  cut  their  heel  and  loe  ;  but  a  little  bird  Cellt  king  of  their 
ireacbery,  and  thef  are  sent  back.^(j)  Heroine  puts  on  ihe  shoe,  and  the 
bird  sings  out  that  she  is  the  right  girl  ;  so  ahe  is  made  queen. 


IMd.    (I'rom  Zealand.) 

"  Hanes  og  Honen,  tier  r.iK  til  Things"  (The  Cock  and  Hen  I 
who  went  to  the  Judge), 

(l)  The  hen  bad  summoned  the  cock  before  the  judge.     The  lady  from  the    | 
hall   wishes  to  be  present  to  see  the  conclusion  of  the  nutter,  and,  being   ' 
unable  to  cross  the  bridge,  proioises  Co  give  what  she  carries  beneath  her 
girdle.     She  ihertfore  throws  her  bunch  of  keys  into  the  water,  but  on  retum- 
ing  home,  finds  them  on  the  table. — (a)  She  bears  a  son,  and  the  witch  who 
had  been  under  the  bridge  comes  to  claim  him,  but  will  defer  taking  him  till 
he  is  strong  enough  lo  work  with  a  pilch-foik.     Then  she  felches  him  to 
cleanse  her  stable  ;  after  that  he  has  lo  strip  feathers,  and,  lastly,  to  sort  grain    | 
in  the  iofc.     He  is  helped  over   tasks   by   witch's  daughter.    I^le  is  to  be    | 
fattened ;  puis  out  a  p^,  a  carrot,  a  cow's  teal,  iniiead  of  little  fjoger. — [3) 
The  lovers  tly  together  ;  Ihe  witch,  calling  after  ihcm,  is  answered  by  billets 
in  the  oven.     Witch's  daughter  creates  a  sea*  ;  witch  cannot  drink  it  dry,  and 
must  relutn  to  fetch  a  bucket.    Next  obstacle  is  a  wood.    Then  dawn  appean, 
and  the  lovers  enter  a  churchyard,  where  witch  cannot  gel  al  [hem.— (4)  Boy 
goes  to  his  parents'  home,  and,  al  paitingi  witch's  daughter  puts  a  grain  of 
oblivion  into  his  mouth. — (5)  Boy  goes  to  church,  where  he  sees  a  iady  lose 
het  silk  shoe.    He  wants  lo  marry  tne  person  to  whom  shoe  belongs  —(6)  An 
unknown  girl  gels  a  situation  as  servant  in  his  patents'  house. — (7)  Everybody    \ 
must  try  the  shoe,  and  a[  last  it  is  serrani's  mm.     All  al  once  the  sK 
there  in  her  silk  dress  just  as  she  was  in  church.     Boy  recognises  her  and   j 
marries  her. 

[*,'   A  very  confused  and  badly -remembered  tale. — GruHdtvis.\ 


1*266        Md.    (Written  down  by  Miss  Hanne  Fengcr,  W.  Jutland.) 

"  PitiEW  MED  Kkaoenauskjolen"  (The  Girl  with  the  Crow's-biU  1 


(1)  King  and  que 
whom  she  does  not 
voice  bids  her  make  a  gown  of 


Princess  is  to  marry 
\3.)  She  goes  weeping 


iKhbouring    king's  son 
parents'  grave,  and  ■ 
bills,  uid  travel  to  a  foreign  land.    She  \ 


PROF.   ORUNDTVIG'S   MS.    COLLECTION. 


=39 


wjII  find  a  stick  on  Ihe  groand  ;  iMs  a  wishing-nxt,  which  she  is  to  lake  wjtb 
her. —(3)  Heroine  sets  out,  and  gea  >  siloAtioD  in  a  la^e  palace.  Prince 
rin^s  ihcbcll,  and,  ps  none  of  ibe  servBDtsare  there  to  answer  it,  heroine  goes. 
Amioycd  at  hei  ludicroiu  appearance,  prince  throws  a  comb  at  her,  oiid  it 
stleki  to  Ihe  crow's-bill  gown. — (4)  Prince  goes  to  banqaet  at  another  castle. 
Bjr  loeans  o!  wishiog-rod  heroine  gets  a  magnificent  dress  and  a  carriage-Biid- 
lour,  and  goes  too.  Prince  dances  all  night  with  her,  and  asks  whence  the 
comes.  "From  Throw-comh-al-hack  Land."  she  says.  Whilst  prince  is 
asking  a  nun  of  letters  where  that  land  may  be,  heroine  gels  away. — (5)  All 
happens  in  ihe  same  manner  a  second  time.  Prince  throws  a  water- Inb  at  her, 
and  she  telli  him  at  the  banquet  that  she  comes  from  **  Throw- water- tub-at- 
back  l,aad". — (6)  The  third  Lme  a  brush  is  thrown  at  her,  and  she  drives  to 
banquet  in  a  coach  drawn  by  eight  while  horses.  [No  mention  of  Country 
this  lime.]  Prince  accompanies  her  downstairs  to  see  which  way  she  goes ; 
but  she  steps  into  her  carriage,  says,  "  Light  before  me,  darkness  behind  me," 
and  vanishes. — (7)  Prince  foils  sick  with  sorrowing,  and  servants  must  walch 
him  in  turn,  lie  wakes  up  and  sees  the  girl  in  the  ciowVbill  gown,  and 
Qiea  into  a  passion.  She  let*  fall  the  ludicrous  disguise,  and  stands  before  him 
ia  her  most  beautiful  dress. — (S)  He  knowi  her.  and  manies  her. 


Idi'ii.     (Told  aad  written  down  by  Mr.  Nis  Callesen,  farmer, 
N.  Sleswick.) 


"  KR.^CliRU 


'  (Crow-skin  Gown). 


I 


(1)  King  of  England's  son  wooes  the  beautiful  daughter  of  the  kin);  of 
Denmark,  but  Is  not  allowed  to  wed  her. — (3)  Sfae  goes  lo  mother's  grave, 
and  mother  bids  her  ask  father  for  a  gown  of  gold  brocade,  one  of  silver 
brocade,  and  a  crow.skin  gown.  When  she  has  these  she  must  step  into  a 
carnage,  and  say,  "  Ligbl  before  me  I  dark  behind  me!  None  shall  see 
whither  1  speed."— (3)  In  this  way  she  arrives  jn  England,  leave*  the  carriage 
in  the  town,  and,  dressed  in  the  crow-skin  gown,  gets  a  situation  as  kitchen- 
maid. — (4)  bhe  goes  thrice  lo  charch  in  her  brocaded  gowns.  The  king's 
son  gets  one  of  her  shoes  and  half  her  linger-rin£.^(5)  The  other  half  she 
throws  anon  into  his  cup,  and  makes  herself  known  to  him.~(6)  Then  they 
are  married. 


/fiiJ.     (WritlL-n  down  by  Mr.  Nile  Chrlstenstn,  sludciil,  Vensyiscl,    282.1 

North  Jutland,) 

"  Prinsesse  Tr^troje"  (Princess  Wooden-coat). 

(I)  The  Flint-klDg  will  not  allow  his  daughter  to  marry  the  son  of  the 

Flea-king,  bni  turns  her  out  into  the  forest.— (2)  Princess  gets  a  situation  in 

bcr  lava's  palace.     He  is  to  marry  an  old  princess  as  soon  as  she  has  finished 


240  C1NDERF.LLA    VARIANTS. 

her  web.  Wooden. coat  liDuhes  it.— (.1)  BriJe  winls  to  lend  Wooden-ei 
H  fine  gown  which  she  has  brought  fiom  home  ;  but  it  does  not  5t  her.  8a 
Woodcn-coal,  who  is  lo  be  bride  in  her  place,  most  we»r  her  own  gown.  On 
ihe  WB]r  to  church,  Wooden-coat  isfs,  "  A  dress  Hit  best  the  one  it  belong 
to." — (4)  King  gives  her  first  an  apple,  iben  a  geld  ring.  He  asks  for  lliini 
■gain  in  (be  evening,  and  old  princess  must  each  time  go  10  Lontult  Wooden- 
coal. — (5)  At  last  the  injsttijr  is  solved  ;  Wcodencoat  becomes  queen,  actl 
the  old  princcB  b  turned  oat  of  doois. 


37  Ancklo  nt  Gubkrnatis,  Ze  Navelliat  di  San/u  Ste/ano,  raccohc  I 
da.  Torino,  1869.  No.  I,  pp.  16-17.  (Narrated  by  a.  girt  I 
named  Nunzialina,  who  heard  it  at  Ripolano.  atio%'e  Siena.) 

"La  Bele^  e  la  Britta." 
(1)  Stepmother  Ill-treats  heroine  from  Ihc  moment  she  has  a  dieghler  of  her 
own,  and  smdi  ber  to  pastnre  (be  cow,  giving  her  half-a-pound  of  woci  li 
spin.— (1)  Xena  Iwgins  (o  C17  at  ta»k,  when  an  old  wonun,  pasing  b;,  bids 
het  go  and  say  lo  cow.  ''My  cow,  spin  with  your  month  and  wind  wilh  yooi 
hoiDS,  and  I'll  get  yoa  lottge."  When  she  returns  wilh  a  brand),  the  cow 
bat  reaJIj  spun  it  all  for  het.— (3)  She  lakes  the  thread  to  Eiepmoiher,  who 
is  tutpicionf,  and  next  day  givei  heroine  a  whole  pound  lo  ipin,  and  «eiida 
(le[»ister  with  her.  This  time  old  woman  finds  her  weeping,  and  bidi  bc( 
comb  sists'i  hair'  to  send  her  lo  deep,  and  meanwhile  old  woman  does 
the  apinnirg. — (4)  On  the  morrow  beioinc  is  sent  again  to  pailure  with  a 
ficimd  and  a  half  lo  spin  ;  but  as  stepftiser  does  not  sleep  this  time,  ahe  n- 
iDins  home  with  tailc  unperfornicd,  and  stepmother  beats  ber. — (5)  The  fbnrth 
day  henune  is  sent  inio  the  field  to  malie  a  salad.  She  Gods  some  laminoa 
{rt/vHttie),  and  is  aboot  lo  pick  il,  when  a  stone  is  dulodged  and  meals  a 
glass  «>iica*e,  and  a  voice  cries  to  her  lo  go  softly.  She  takes  off  her  ibocs 
and  descends. —  (6)  In  one  room  she  tinds  a  cat  sweeping  with  liei  tail ;  she 
Iak«s  pity  on  it,  and  sweeps  for  it ;  the  cat  thanks  ber,  and  wishes  her  well. 
— t7l  In  another  room  a  cat  Is  scoaring  ;  heroine  lakes  pity,  and  scaurs  for  it; 
cat  thanki  her.  and  wishes  her  welL— (S)  In  a  third  room  a  at  is  makinc 
bread  ;  heroine  does  its  work,  and  is  ihanked.  — (9)  In  a  fourth  room  •  cat 
iscombiDg  iisctf-  Heroine,  in  piiy.  Combs  il,  and  est  aiks,  "What  ha*e 
jva  found  ?"  "  I'tatls  and  gold  !"  And  the  cat  rejoins,  "  Pearls  and  gold 
yoD  shall  have  when  yon  are  mairied." — (10}  At  last  the  meets  a  lady  who 
lads  ber  choose  between  a  beautifnl  and  an  ugly  dieis,  real  and  bite  jewels. 
IleroiDe  chouses  the  phuo  dr^  and  the  sham  jcwtU  ai  Lclllctng  ber  stalioa : 
bat,  bconse  she  is  beautiful  and  good,  she  obtains  the  beaslifnl  diess  and  Ike 


I 


DE    Gl'BERNATIS.  241 

ine  his  a  gold  star  shining  frnm  her  brow. — (tt)  Stepmottier  is 
envious,  and  s«ndi  itcpsister  lo  gel  the  sime.  But  she  does  with  such  an  ill- 
gnce  what  heroine  tells  her,  and  gives  such  a  rough  answer  to  the  fourth  cat 
who  asks  what  she  hnds  whilst  combing  her,  and  is  so  inconsiderate  in  her 
choice  of  gifts,  that  she  obtains  the  worst  dress  and  the  shun  jewels,  and  is 
told  to  tBrn  round  when  the  donkey  brays.  And,  fallowing  this  advice. 
Caterioa  gets  a  tail  on  her  brow,  and  goes  home  complaining.  And  the  more 
thtj  cut  it  the  more  the  tail  grows, — (iz)  A  great  prince  comes  to  marry 
Nena,  and  stepmother  decides  to  palm  olT  Caterina  instead.  So  ihe  bids  her 
not  remove  veil  from  her  brow.  Nena  is  put  in  a  cask,  which  is  to  be  filled 
with  boiling  water. — (13)  But  whilst  the  prince  is  going  off  with  the  veiled 
Caterina,  a  cat  jumps  on  to  the  rick  and  singi :  "  Miau,  miau,  the  cat  is  on  the 
rick  ;  the  beauty  is  in  the  cask  ;  the  ugly  girl  is  in  the  saddle  ;  the  prince's 
white  horse  is  carrying  her."  The  prince  is  suspicious,  and  lears  off  the  veil, 
and  discovers  the  ugly  eitl,—(l4l  Then,  rushing  tothecask,  he  releases  the 
liciuly,  and  puts  stepsister  in  hci  place.— {15)  The  mother  soon  comes,  and, 
unaware  of  the  exchange,  boils  her  daughter  to  death,  whilst  Nena  is  off  with 
the  prince  to  a  happy  bridal. 


7M.     No.  Ill,   pp.    19-21.     (Told  by   a  young  girl  called 
Nunziatina,  who  heard  it  at  Rapolano,  above  Siena.) 

"Il  Trottolin  di  Legno"  (The  Wooden  Top). 

(1)  Ladyonlhepoint  of  death  tikes  off  herring. and  makes  husband  promise 
that  be  wilt  many  no  one  whom  it  does  not  lii.  At  her  death  he  makes  a 
long  tearch  for  one  who  cnn  wear  ring,  but  in  vain.— (a)  His  dougtiler  sees 
ring,  and  one  day  tries  il  on,  and  finds  it  lits  her  perfectly.  Her  father  at 
ones  wants  t«  many  hei.  She  refuses,  but  he  insists. — (3)  She  takes  counsel 
of  an  old  woman,  who  bids  her  demand  a  dress  with  golden  bells.  Thb  by 
Ihe  aid  of  a  magician  is  provided.  She  next  demands  a  dress  with  gold  <ish 
on  il,  and  then  a  dress  with  stars,  both  of  which  are  procured  by  magician. 
Old  woman  now  bids  her  a'^k  for  a  wooden  top,  which  will  just  hold  herself. — 
(4)  This  Is  also  granted,  and  on  the  eve  of  the  wedding  heroine  gets  inside 
lop,  and  by  means  of  magic  wand,  which  old  woman  provides,  heroine  is 
carried  off  lo  a  lar  country.  People  see  wooden  top  travelling  by  itself, 
and  marvel.  An  inscription  on  the  top  says  it  will  belong  to  anyone  who  will 
take  care  of  it.  A  marquis  takes  a  fancy  to  it,  and  takes  it  to  hii  house. 
Then  the  girl  (/o  cilta)  comes  ont  of  it,  and  waits  on  him. — (5)  One  evening 
mari^nii  b  going  to  a  ball,  and  heroine  begs  Mm  lo  take  her  too.  Being 
refused,  ihe  takci  the  loog>  and  strikes  him  on  the  knees.  When  he  has 
sEaited,  she  makes  herself  very  beanlifnl,  by  means  of  magic  wand,  get*  car- 
riage and  pair,  and  clad  in  dress  with  golden  bells  she  goes  to  ball  where 
maiqnis  Mis  in  lore  with  her.  .\sked  whence  she  comes,  she  replies :  "From 
Rap-tofigi,"  and  asks  the  marquis  to  accompany  her.  But  no  sooner  hi''  she  tet 
foot  in  bet  carriage  than  she  vanishes,  leaving  hitn   behind  abashed.— (6) 


CINDERELLA 


Second  diy,  when  mitqu's  refuses  (o  Uke  her  to  ball,  she  hi 
knees  iriih  a  b-oom;  then  rollows  in  carnage  and  Tour,  cl>d  in  j;ald-lish  drei 
diuiles  ihe  marquis  irith  hei  beftuty,  and  says  she  comes  from  Rmp- broom  ;  then 
invites  him  to  accompin;  her,  and  vanishes  from  bim  is  before. — (7)  Third 
nighl  all  happens  as  before  ;  ahe  beats  him  with  shovel ;  g^oet  to  baU  in 
carrioge  and  six,  wearing  star  dresi ;  siys  she  comes  from  Rap-shovel,  then 
vnntsbes  from  him  so  suddanl;  that  he  falls  in  a  sw»on.  Next  day  th«  >^kt 
«hj  he  ts  not  goi<'g  agiin  to  ihe  ball.  Marqu's  i-ys  he  does  not  wish  to  go 
»giir.— (8J  Then  heroine  pretends  she  is  il',  and  shus  herwlf  in  her  room, 
which  she  tmnsfomis  with  her  wand  so  that  it  would  never  be  rtcngaiied  ; 
then  assncning  the  form  of  a  lovely  girl,  she  lakes  her  sat,  having  spread 
around  her  the  three  splendid  dressch, — (9)  Marquis,  who  misses  her  coming 
lo  work  OS  usual,  goes  (o  look  for  her,  liuds  and  rec<tgnises  her,  and,  full  of  joyg 
marries  her. 


f285    ■^'"'-     No,  IX,  pp.  Z9-30.     Told  by  man  named  Gargni 
used  to  be  a  carter  (baroea'aio). 


m  over  the      ^^| 
fish  dress  ;  ■ 


(1)  An  old  w< 
not  iltow  herto 
being  alone  in  I 


■'  Le  Oche"  (The  Geese). 

n  has  such  a 


n  extremely  beautiful  daughter  that  she  does 
e  seen  by  anyone.  On  the  dealb  olthe  old  woman,  the  girl, 
;  world,  and  not  wishing  to  be  looked  at,  takes  oRthe  old 
nake  herself  a  dress  of  it.  Thus  dbguised,  she  >eti  out  and 
reaches  a  citr.^(i)  The  prince's  son  see*  her,  and  takes  pity  on  the  nice 
old  woman.  He  gives  her  something  to  eat,  and  sets  her  to  mind  the  geese. 
(J)  The  tint  day  she  gets  up  into  a  high  tower,  and,  tliii.king  not  to  be  seen 
at  such  a  height,  begins  to  take  off  the  old  woman's  guise.  But  the  geese, 
drawing  near,  catch  sight  of  her,  and  cry,  "Coco,  what  a  lovely  mistrea 
have  wel"— (4)  The  cook,  overhearing,  wishes  to  solve  the  mystery,  and 
spies  that  night  at  the  key-hnle  when  heroine  ii  undressing,  and  sees  how 
her  beauty  iighls  op  the  whole  room.— (5)  The  cook  informs  the  prince,  who, 
having  seen  for  himself  on  the  following  evening,  would  mirry  the  lovely  girl 
at  once.  But  the  cook  retlraini  him,  and  says  he  will  manage  it.— (6)  So  the 
third  night  cook  steals  noisclatsty  into  the  room,  and  hides  Ihe  skin  under  the 
bolster.  Heroine,  unable  to  find  her  disguise  on  waking,  dares  not  go  forth 
to  mind  the  geese,  and  so  delays  ;  and  the  prince,  being  told  of  it,  come*  to 
her  room,  and  she  is  filled  with  confusion.— (7)  but  he  lakes  her  in  his  arms 


■s  her. 


I  28Q   ^'''^-    N°-  ^^''  PP-  3*-3S-     (Nairaied  by  Teresina  de!  Pome  a 
Signa.) 

"The  Cruel  Stepmother." 

(I]  Kii  e's  beautiful  wife  die«,  leaving  him  a  lovely  daughter.     He  marrin 

Rgain,  and  tiepmother  ii  jealous  of  heroine.     King  ks  lo  be  absent  sis 


I 


DE   CrnEBN AXIS.— VON    DEH    HAGEN. 


'43 


.  the  war,  and  stepmotber,  in  spile  uf  promise  to  take  ca:e  of  heroine, 
rttolvei  lo  gel  rid  of  her.  She  sends  her  wiih  two  assassins  to  the  foreit  on 
the  eve  of  Gtther's  return,  pretending  she  is  sen!  to  meet  him.  Assassins 
*par«  hercuoe,  kill  a  Uaib,  and  lake  its  eyei  and  heart  to  Etepmoiher,  together 
wlih  heroine's  dress  soaked  in  its  blood.  Inatesd  of  rewarding  assassiat,  she 
contrives  their  fall  through  a  liap-door,  which  kills  them.  Then  she  makes 
knotrn  that  the  princess  has  died,  and  al!  the  cltf  mourns. — [2)  King  reluins, 
and  is  overcome  with  grief.  Meanwhile.  Caterina  reaches  ten  shore,  where  an 
old  woman  meets  her,  and  befr:ends  her,  and  lelts  her  lo  open  to  none  whilst 
■he  goes  out  to  beg.— (3)  One  day  Caterina  is  seen  at  ihe  window,  and  the 
qneea  hearing  of  it,  at  once  promises  three  hundred  stuJi  lo  an  old  witch  if 
the  will  kill  her.  Witch  comes  liegging  under  heroine's  window,  and  at 
length  persuades  her  lo  open  door  to  her.  She  ihen  gives  her  a  nosegay  and 
a  necklet  of  flowers.  Caterinsi  is  enchanted,  and  the  witch  goei  awaj  and 
leceives  her  tewaid.  Old  woman  returns,  (inds  heroine  as  though  dead, 
guesses  what  has  happened,  puts  her  in  an  iron  chest,  lights  four  candles 
round  her,  and  abandons  the  house.— (4)  One  day  prince  is  hunting  in  Ihe 
forest,  when  a  whirlwind  drives  him  and  his  companions  to  seek  shelter. 
They  spy  a  light,  and  come  lo  the  house.  Prince  finds  chest,  opens  it,  and 
folia  in  love  wilh  the  heantifnl  corpse.  Tries  to  resuscitate  it,  but  in  vain. 
Then  has  chest  conveyed  to  palace,  and  keeps  it  in  his  own  room.  I  le  jjrays 
day  and  oighl  over  it,  neglecting  his  kingdom.— (5)  His  mother  b^s  him  lo 
give  audience  of  at  least  tvo  hoars  a  day,  and  meanwhile  his  room  shall  be 
guarded  that  none  shall  enter  it.  King  yields,  but  mother  is  curiouEi,  and 
enter*  room  with  two  maidens.  They  lurround  corpse,  and  one  tales  llie 
nos^ay  from  the  hand,  and  ihe  other  lakes  the  garland  from  the  neck,  and 
the  corpse  comes  to  life. — (6)  King  relurn-t,  and  instead  of  the  dead  one,  the 
living  comes  lo  meet  him,  and  there  is  great  rejoicing  in  the  kingdom.  The 
wedding  is  announced  ;  all  the  kings  of  the  earth  are  bidden — even  Calcrina's 
father  and  the  cruel  stepmother.— (7)  Wh<'n  she  se 
she  wants  to  turn  back,  but  goardl  have  orders  nt 
the  feast  heroine  tells  her  story  from  the  brginning. 
Filled  with  joy.  and  the  stepmother  would  tike  l 
Caterina  would  have  pardoned  her,  but  the  court  having  decreed  thai  she 
thoald  be  bornl,  a  huge  pile  is  creeled,  and  so  the  ciuel  stepmother  ends  her 
dcjr*. 


es  Caterina  al  the  windov 
t  lo  let  any  go  back.  A 
irrowful  father  i' 
mder   the  earth. 


VOM   DER  H.\oiiN,  Friedrich  Heinrich,  Endhluiigen  und 
Mdnhen.     Prenzlau,  1825.     Vol.  ii,  339-43. 

"Thb  Three  Sisters." 

(1)  Mother  has  three  daugliters.  The  younge^I,  who  is  extremely  heautilul, 
is  hated  by  mother  and  sisters,  who  make  her  do  all  menial  work  and  wear 
ngi. — [])  Mother  throws  poppies  into  Ihe  ashes  for  her  to  sort.     Once,  when 


244  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

ihe  is  weeping  over  this  task,  i  white  dove  asks  if  it  can  help  her ;  heroine 

"  Help  ;our  crop,  bul  that  would  not 
Be  helping  foi  my  little  pot." 

Dove  helps,  and  before  flying  ■w>7  5Bys,  if  she  wootd  like  to  go  to  church  lod 
has  no  good  clothes,  she  can  go  to  large  willow. tree  behind  the  village,  and 
»y. 

"  Open,  hollow  willow  tree  I 
Give  ODt  lovely  clothes  to  me," 

and  she  will  be  dressed  belter  than  her  sisters. — (3)  Next  Sunday  heioine 
wBlcbes  mother  and  sislera  into  church,  then  gels  lovely  raiment  from  tree  and 
follows  them.  No  one  evec  knows  her,  and  mother  and  sistera  often  talk  of  ' 
the  lovely  princess  who  appears  in  church.— (4}  It  happens  one  day  that  a 
neighbouring  knight  picks  up  H  dainty  little  shoe,  and  wonders  to  what  pretty 
foot  it  can  belong.  He  heats  tell  of  mother  with  the  three  pretty  daughters  ; 
so  he  sends  shoe  to  her  house  with  the  request  [hat  he  may  have  (he  girl  it 
lits  for  his  briiie. — (5)  Youngest  is  not  told  of  it,  but  eldest  cuts  olT  toes  ani! 
pot!  ihoe  on.  Suitor  comes  to  receive  her  as  hit  bride,  and  takes  her  home. 
His  little  dog  will  not  be  pacified,  bul  keeps  nmning  round  him,  barking, 


■'  Bow-wow-wow, 
Muster  has  got  ihe  w 


Then  ii  is  found  that  girt  has  cut  off  bei  ti 
taken  back  to  mother,  and  second  daugble 


(7)  V'oungest  daughter  is  no  longer  kept 
and  shoe  fits  her.     Dog  barki, 


so  OS  to  wear  shoe. — (6)  She  is 
etched  OS  bride.  Dog  denonncea 
n  cut  oif;  so  she  is  returned. — 
a  hiding ;  she  is   brought  forth. 


Master's  got  the  tight  girl  now." 

And  the  jroung  trees  in  mother's  garden  uproot  themselves  to  follow  heroine, 
and  plant  themselves  in  her  new  garden. 


50  Hahn,  Griechische  und  Albnnesxsche  Afdrcheii.  Gesammelt, 
Ubersetzt  und  erlaulert  von  J.  G.  von  Hahn.  Leipzig,  1864. 
Vol.  i,  p.  70.     Story  No.  II. 

"ASCHENPL'TTEI,." 

(t)  Three  sislers  spinning  with  their  mother  agree  that  the  first  one  who 

breaks  her  thread  and  drops  her  spindle  shall  be  eaten  by  the  others. '—( 2}  The    . 

mother  drops  her  spindle  thrice  1  she  is  twice  forgiven,  but  the  third  time  the 


VON   HAHN. 


^45 


Iwo  elder  liilcn  delcnnine  1o  enFarce  the  agreeinent.  They  kill  and  nt  the 
mother,  in  spile  of  the  pnyen  ind  lenrs  of  the  joungul,  who  refuses  to  join 
Ibem  It  the  table  or  lo  i^te  her  molher'i  ilesh. — (3)  She  sits  on  a  wooden 
(addle  which  stands  under  the  hen-rooit,  and  becomei  covered  with  the 
dioppiags  of  the  fowls,  and  she  weeps  acd  cunei  her  slaters.  Thej  cil!  hec 
Fowlsdungskin  in  derision.— (4)  When  they  have  finished,  the  heroine  collects 
her  mother's  bones  and  other  remains,  and  buries  them'  by  the  ash-heap,  and 
every  day  she  (umigalei  them  with  incense.  After  the  forty  days  aic  over  she 
desire*  to  recnore  them  to  another  pUce  ;  but  when  she  lifts  tlic  stone  under 
which  they  lie,  instead  of  the  bones  she  finds  three  costly  ihinine  dresses.  On 
one  ii  embroidered  the  heaven  with  its  stars,  on  another  the  spring  with  its 
flowers,  on  the  third  the  sea  with  its  waves  ;  and  with  them  lies  a  great  heap 
of  all  sorts  of  money.— (5)  The  neit  Sunday,  after  the  elder  sisters  have  gone 
to  church,  the  heroine  washes,  and  puts  on  the  first  of  these  three  dresses,  fills 
her  pockets  with  money,  and  goes  to  church.  Everyone  is  daziled,  and  after 
the  service  many  follow  her  out  of  curiosity  ;  but  she  escapes  by  scattering 
money.  When  her  sisters  reinrn  they  tell  her  of  the  beautiful  lady  who  h;id 
been  at  church,  and  show  the  money  they  have  picked  up,  telling  her  that  if 
she  had  gone  she  would  have  had  a  share.  She  feigns  indiirerence.^t6  The 
next  Sunday  the  adventure  is  repeated.— (7I  The  third  Sunday  she  is  followed 
by  the  king's  son,  and  in  running  away  she  loses  her  slipper,  While  the 
king's  son  picks  it  up  she  escapes.  — (S)  The  king's  son  makes  known  that  he 
will  marry  the  woman  whose  toot  the  slipper  will  fit,  lie  goes  from  house  to 
bouse  seeking  her.  The  heroine's  sisters  advise  her  lo  try  the  slipper  on,  as 
her  foot  is  so  small  it  will  be  sure  to  fit.  With  great  difficulty  she  is  persuaded 
lo  try,  when  the  king's  son  comes  to  the  house  ;  andhe  marriesher.- (9)  When 
the  gives  binh  to  a  child  her  sisters  attend  her.  They  have  become  envious, 
and  shut  her  up  in  a  chest  and  throw  her  into  the  river.  [Nothing  is  said 
about  the  babe.]  The  chest  floats  and  comes  to  land,  where  it  is  found  by  an 
imbecile  old  woman,  who  lakes  it  for  firewood.  When  she  cleaves  it  with  het 
an  the  heroine  springs  out,  which  so  frightens  the  old  woman  that  she  run* 
away  and  never  comes  hack.- (10)  The  heroine,  left  alone,  prays  to  God  for 
a  cover  for  her  head,  that  she  may  not  hear  the  cries  of  the  wild  beasts  which 
disturb  het.  God  gives  her  the  covering  i  ^he  prays  that  it  may  be  enlarged 
so  01  to  envelope  half  her  body.  Finding  this  prayer  loo  is  granted,  she  prays 
for  a  great  caslle  with  every  convenience.  Scarcely  has  she  finished  her 
prayer  when  she  finds  herself  in  a  magnificent  castle  where  all  the  furniture 
can  hear  her  commands  and  perform  them,  and  answer  her  when  she  speaks. 
— (ll)  One  day  the  king's  son  comes  that  way  huntmg.  Seeing  the  castle, 
be  knocks  at  the  door,  and  the  door  opens  by  the  heroine's  command.  Sitting 
on  a  throne,  she  welcomes  him,  and  all  the  thitigs  in  the  castle,  in  response  to 
her,  bid  him  welcome,     lie  does  not  recognise  her.     She  bids  the  table  be 


'  The  cotleEtioQ  and  cleaning  of  the  bone*  of  the  dead,  and  their  burial 
in  the  bone-bansc  by  the  relatives,  accords  with  •  CDSlom  of  the  Greek 
Church. 


24^  CINDERELUl   VARIANTS. 

kid,  and  they  sit  down  to  eal. — (13)  The  king's  son  Fteals  *  spoon.*  WbM 
they  have  finished  their  meal  she  asks,  "Table,  hast  thou  all  thy  linen?" 
The  table  answers  "Yes".  She  then  asks,  "Spoons,  are  yon  all  there?" 
They  answer,  "  \'es,  save  one"  ;  and  that  one  answers,  "  I  am  stuck  in  the 
guest's  boot."  Feigning  not  lo  hear,  she  asks  again,  and  the  prince,  larning 
very  red,  throws  the  spoon  secretly  away.  The  heroine  says,  "  Why  do  you 
blusli  ?  1  see  very  well  what  you  have  done  j  but  you  need  not  fear,  for  I  am 
your  wife  ;  and  thus  and  thus  has  it  happened  to  me."  She  tells  him  all,  and 
commands  the  caslle  to  remove  to  the  capilal.  The  whole  castle  moves 
accordingly.  Full  of  joy,  the  people  come  out  to  meet  it.  The  prince  sends 
for  his  two  sisters-in-law  ;  with  his  own  hand  he  hevrs  them  in  pieces,  and 
lives  with  his  wife  happy  ever  after. 


166    /Hi/.,  vol.  i,  p.  1 


No.  XXVII.     (From  Ziza,  in  the    Provinre 
of  Epinis.) 

"  Al.E.ERLEIRAUH." 
(t)  A  widowed  king  desires  lo  mirty  his  only  dauj;htcr.  She  is  averse,  but 
at  length  says  she  will  consent  if  the  bishop  will  sanctioo  it. — (J)  The  father 
a.>.lLs  the  biihop,*  "  If  one  brings  up  a  lamb  and  fattens  it,  is  it  better  lo  eat  it 
□tieself  or  to  let  another  eat  it  ?''  The  bishop  replies  that  it  ii  belter  to  f,\  it 
oneself  ;  and  the  father  repeals  to  his  daughter  that  the  bishop  has  wnctioned 
the  marriage.  —(3)  The  heroine  demands  firit  two  dresses  of  pure  gold,  the 
pocke's  hlled  with  ducals,  and  requires  bed  and  a  pit  lo  be  made  which  goes 
ten  fathoms  deep  into  the  earth. — (4)  When  these  are  ready  the  gets  into  ibe 
bed,  goes  thereon  into  the  pit,  and  says  :  "  Earth,  open  further  !"  The  earth 
obeys  ;  she  en'cm  and  comes  to  another  place,  and  s'ays  ihrre.— (5)  The 
king's  son,  hunting.  Ends  her  wrapped  in  the  fell  of  an  animal.  He  aski : 
"  Art  thou  human?"  Finding  that  she  is,  he  takes  her  home  and  makes  her 
gooseherd.— (6)  One  day  Ihe  king  gives  a  feast.  The  heroine  slips  out  of  her 
fell,  and  in  her  golden  clothes  goes  to  the  feast  and  dances.  The  king's  son 
wonders  who  the  is.  After  Ihe  dance  he  follows  her ;  but  she  escape*  by 
scattering  ducats,  which  he  slops  to  pick  up. — (7)  The  king's  son  g'vesanolher 
feast,  when  the  adventure  is  repeated.— (8)  The  king's  »on  gives  a  thirdfeait  j 
and  afier  the  dance  he  pursues  the  heroine  again.  In  running  away  she 
loses  a  shoe,  which  he  picks  up,  she  escaping  (he  while.  The  king's  son  tries 
the  shoe  on  alt  maidens,  but  cannot  hiid  whom  it  will  fit.  — (9)  As  the  mud- 


'  When  an  Albanian  bride  is  brought  home,  on  everything  being  ready  for 
setting  out,  the  i//am  [bridegroois't  conductor]  steals  two  spoons  which  lie 
ready  for  the  purpose.  The  bridegroom's  party  also  steal  something  else — a 
cup,  a  glass,  or  the  like — which  is  afterwards  restored.  See  the  aulhor'a 
t1l6aH/ii>r\i  Stm/itn,  vol.  i,  p.  145. 

■  See  note  36. 


I    HAHN. 


247 


ti  are  giing  to  bring  MlCT  tn  itic  king  that  he  may  wash  before  eating, 
the  beroioe  a'iu  ber  fell  at  tbe  koce,  so  that  when  she  kneels  bei  g  ilden  drta 
ii  leen  ihroDgb  it.  She  then  goes  to  the  serranta  and  asks  permission  to  carry 
the  wiln  to  the  king.  They  lefiise.  The  king,  hearing  the  altercation. 
inlerfoei  in  her  Tavour;  and  when  she  kneeU  before  him  wiib  the  water,  ber 
goUen  dress  gleanii  ibrough  the  jlit  The  king's  son  sees  it,  and  cries  out : 
"  It  ii  yon,  then,  that  have  lonnented  me  !"     tie  marrie?  her, 

(AiVc— A  variant  from  Vfitra  makes  the  father  a  priest,  who  asks  his 
biibop :  "  I  have  an  apple-tree  standing  before  my  door  j  who  is  to  eat  the 
fniit — I  or  a  stranger  ?"  The  heroine  desires  from  ber  father  line  clothes  and 
a  wooden  chest  in  human  form  with  a  key.  She  encloses  herself  in  this,  and 
tuns  away.  She  is  Mtack^  bjr  sheep-dogs ;  but  they  cannot  bite  her,  and  the 
shepherds  wonder  at  her  ai  a  wooden  man.] 


^ 


JiiJ.,  vol.  ii,  p.    335.      Variant  of  slory   No.   XXVII.      (From 
Smyrna,) 

"  .'Xi.lehleirauh"  (second  version). 

(1)  A  king  protnis-s  his  dying  wife  to  marry  only  one  whom  her  ring  fits. — 
{*)  Hesendslhrough  the  wholeworld.  but  theringfitsnoone.— (3)  Alter  the 
neBeogers  retum,  bis  daaghter  finds  the  ring  on  the  table,  puts  it  on,  and  it 
fits  her.  Theking  therefore  demands  to  mirry  her.^[4)  She  flies  to  her  room 
and  cries  out  to  her  Fate,  asking  why  she  had  been  awarded  such  a  doom. 
Her  Fate  appear^  and  tetl)  hei  to  require  from  her  father  first  ■  silver,  then  a 
gLilden,  and  lastly  a  pearl  dress  without  slit  or  seam.— (5I  No  tailor  in  the 
kingdom  can  supply  such  dresses,  but  the  k'ng,  while  hunting,  meels  the  devil 
■nd  gels  them  from  him.  Then,  by  the  advice  of  her  Fate,  the  heroine 
requires  a  long-haired  diess,  through  which  neither  ber  eyes,  her  face,  her 
hands,  not  her  feet  shall  be  recognised.  The  devil  furnishes  this  also.— (6) 
She  then  declares  herself  willing,  but  stipulates  first  10  go  unseen  to  the  bath, 
and  the  king  bids  his  subjects  close  their  shops  and  keep  indoors  while  she 
passes  through  the  streets.  She  is  then  conveyed  by  her  Fate,  unseen  by 
anyone,  to  a  cave  in  a  high  mountain,  where  she  remains  six  years  living  on 
bread  and  water  brought  to  her  twice  a  day  by  her  Fate. — (7)  At  last  a  prince 
putt  up  a  hunting-box  in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  cave, — (8).  The  smell  of 
the  food  cooking  there  attracts  the  heroine,  and  at  sight  of  her  the  cook^  run 
away.  She  helps  herself  to  the  food  and  ipoils  with  salt  what  she  leaves 
behind. — (9]  The  ihiid  time  she  does  this  the  prince  sees  her,  tracks  her  to 
her  cavern,  and  lakes  her  to  his  palace.  There  she  b  called  the  Hairy,  from 
her  dress.  She  remains  speechless,  answering  always  by  signs.  The  prince 
become*  so  much  attached  to  her  that  his  mother  grows  jealous.— (10)  At  a 
great  wedding,  attended  by  the  prince  and  his  mother,  she  appears  thrice  in 
ber  three  dresses.  The  prince  falls  in  love  with  her,  and  obtains  from  his 
tnother  the  first  time  a  ring,  the  next  a  watch,  and  the  third  time  a  band  of 
(mmIs,  which  he  gives  her  successively.     She  eaapts  each  time  by  throwing 


24^  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

monsy  among  Ihe  crowd. — (i  i)  The  prince  (M>  sick  of  love  fat  the  ni 
lady,  and  his  mother  bakes  pastiy  for  hicn, — (iz)  The  heroine  wishu  to  try 
her  hand  at  raakiDg  some,  but  ihe  ix  farbiddeo.  The  pKnce  oveiheart  the 
contetitioii,  and  interferes  in  herjavour.  She  puts  into  the  pastry  >he  makes, 
lirBt  the  ring,  then  the  watch,  and  lastly  the  band  ot  pearls.  All  the  pastry 
bat  hers  is  bamt.  The  prince  recognises  the  tokens.  He  sendii  and  begs 
shears  which  will  cut  iroiv  and  steel,  and  cuts  her  hairy  garment  off. 


B'86V  James  Orchard  Halliwell,  Nurstry  Rhymes  and  Nursery  TaUs 
of  England.  Story  No.  XLV,  in  verse.  (Taken  down  pre- 
vious to  r84t,  from  a  nurse  ^ed  St.) 

"The  Story  of  Catskin." 

(I)  Gentleman  has  several  daughters,  but  wanis  an  heir,  Tells  wife  if 
next  child  is  a  daughter  il  shall  be  outcast.  Wife  bears  daughter,  sends  her 
avay,  and  afterwards  to  school,  till  she  is  fifteen.— (z)  Then  girl  deterounes 
to  go  to  service,  hides  gay  drcsset  in  bundle  in  forest,  and  dons  catskin  tob«. 
—  (3J  She  I*  engaged  as  scullion  at  caslle,  where  cook  ill-treats  her.— (4] 
There  is  lo  be  a  ball ;  heroine  wants  to  go,  and  is  ridiculed  by  cook,  who 
dasbei  basin  of  water  in  her  face.  She  goes  to  forest,  washes  in  waterbll, 
dons  beautiful  dress,  and  goes  to  ball.  Young  mailer  dances  with  her,  falls 
in  love,  and  asks  where  she  lives.  "  At  Ihe  sign  of  the  basin  of  water,"  she 
saj's,  and  flies  from  the  ball-room. — (j)  Next  day  young  lord  confide!  his  love 
to  his  mother.  There  it  a  second  ball ;  all  happens  as  before.  Cook  breaki 
heroine's  head  with  ladle.  She  goes  to  b»ll  ;  tells  young  lord  she  comes 
from  "the  sign  of  the  broken  ladle".— (6)  Third  lime  cook  hits  her  with 
skimmer,  and  at  third  ball  heroine  says  she  lives  at  "  the  sign  of  the  broken 
skimmer".  But  this  time  young  lord  follows  when  she  leaves,  hides  in  forest, 
and  watches  her.— (7)  Next  day  be  takes  to  his  bed,  sends  for  doctor,  con- 
fides tu  him  his  love  for  Catikin,  and  begi  that  none  but  she  shall  be  allowed 
lo  come  into  his  room.— |S)  lie  gets  well,  and  marries  Catskin.— (9)  Some 
time  after,  heroine's  child  gives  alms  to  a  beggar's  child,  and  grandmother 
says.  "  See  how  beggars'  bralt  take  to  each  other."  Stung  by  the  taunt, 
heroine  persuades  husband  to  seek  her  father,  who,  in  the  meantime,  has  lost 
all  hii  inher  children.    Father  is  overjoyed  at  having  outcast  daughter  restored 


'  287    Th.  S.  Haukenas,  Jlardanger;  Nalur,  Folkdiv,  Folketro.     V 
1891.     Pp.  579-88. 

"  Annemok"  (Anna-mother  =  Anna  darling). 

(1)  Poor  Gihernuui,  wilb  many  children,  pats  a  &sh  aside  daily  for  himself   | 
and  one  for  each  child.     The  re»t  are  lold  by  Aimemor  at  the  king'a  castle, 


» 


HAUKENAS.  349 

ud  abe  bays  oalmeaJ  ceko  wilIi  ihc  iiianer  ;  ooe  for  lathee,  one  lor  self,  sod 
one  /or  «ch  brolher  aod  sisler.  Sbe  is  obliged  to  cross  ■  bridge,  where  ihe 
always  loaea  her  oiim  loaf;  the  cries,  and  starves.  By  the  lime  she  ^els  bomc 
bet  bsh  has  always  got  lost  too.  She  gets  some  scraps  from  brothers  and 
stilcn,  and  to  does  not  quite  starve  to  death.— (l)  Father  at  length  begins  to 
doubt  her  being  his  child,  thioklng,  "  God,  perhaps,  does  not  know  her  as 
iuch,  not  allowing  her  to  eat,"  He  therefore  enposea  her  in  the  forest,  where 
hei  fortune  may  find  her  if  it  likes.  They  are  weeping  there  together  when 
an  aged  man  comes  and  asks  why.  He  offers  to  lake  Annemor  away  with 
bim,  but  is  not  allowed  to  do  so.  He  then  a&ks  if  she  would  like  (o  serve  in 
king's  cattle.  If  she  should  ever  want  him  she  has  only  to  walk  out  to  the 
hill  hard  by — (3)  Annemor  is  engaged  at  the  castte  to  carry  water,  cleanse 
Ihe  pots  and  pans,  and  sweep  the  Hoors.  Everyone  is  kind  to  her,  the  prince 
excepted.  One  day  he  is  not  satisfied  with  the  way  she  has  cleaned  his 
alippers  (clogs),  and  gives  her  a  bon  00  the  ear  with  them. — (4)  She  goes  cry- 
ing to  the  hill,  where  the  hill-man  consoles  her,  saying  that  there  ore  to  be 
held  three  targe  gatherings  of  lords  and  ladies,  that  the  prince  may  choose  a 
<]ueen.  When  everyone  has  started,  she  has  only  to  repair  to  the  hiU,  where 
she  will  find  a  brass  he-goat  on  which  to  ride  to  church,  and  a  brass  dress  to 
pat  on.  The  following  time  the  goat  and  dress  will  be  of  silver,  and  the 
third  time  of  gold.  She  must  leave  church  before  sermon  is  Itnished. — (j)  All 
happens  in  this  inanner.  The  brass  he-goat  is  too  ^juick  for  prince  to  catch 
him,  though  he  takes  his  swiftest  horses. — (6)  The  third  time  the  prince  is  so 
near  to  heroine  ihal  she  cannot  wait  to  change  ber  golden  dress,  but  throws 
tags  on  over  it. — (7!  Prince  imagines  the  fair  lady  lives  not  far  off,  so  invites 
the  whole  neighbourhood  to  a  ball.  (Jueen  bids  Annemor  come,  and  drags 
her  in  during  the  dancing,  in  spite  of  her  resistance.  Queen  begs  one  of  the 
lords  to  dance  with  her.  Annemor  is  a  good  dancer,  and,  in  Lum,  everybody, 
even  the  prince,  is  gUd  to  dancu  with  her.  Something  like  a  gold  circle 
seems  to  glitter  beneath  her  dress.  The  faster  she  turrvs  the  more  of  it  is 
Men. — (S)  At  lost  she  is  obliged  to  throw  olT  her  rags,  and  when  sbe  stands 
in  golden  dress  the  prince  asks  for  her  hand  and  hearL— (9)  Next  morning 
sbe  goes  to  hill.  Old  man  tells  ber  lhal  thiry  will  bring  her  a  too  king-glass, 
and  she  will  see  in  it  how  once  she  hunted  about  and  cried  for  her  oatmeal 
cakes.  The  sight  will  make  her  burst  into  laughter  ;  prince  will  ask  the 
reason,  and  she  must  say,  "  Here  the  caslle  is  built  only  on  pillars  of  brass 
and  iron  ;  but  my  father's  house  stands  on  pillars  of  gold  and  silver. "'  Pre- 
sently, when  she  gives  this  answer  to  prince,  he  immediately  desires  to  see 
this  magnihcent  castle, — (to)  Annemor  goes  crying  to  the  bill.  "Don't  be 
downcast,"  says  the  hilt-man.     "  Drive  in  a  straight  line  from  here  till  you 


:iNDERF.LLA    VARIANTS. 


I  288  Housthold  StnrUi  from  the  Land  of  Hofer  ;  or,  Pofuiar  Afyths  o/9 
Tirol.  By  the  author  of  "  Patranas,  or  Spanish  Stories,"  etc  T 
[Miss  R.  H.  Busk.]  London,  1871.  P.  158,  (Translation  ori 
adaplation  from  some  undisclosed  source.  The  scene  of  the  J 
tale  is  laid  in  the  Parseier  Thai.) 

"  Klkin  Else." 

(1)  A  nob'ciiiHii,  defeated  in  battle  by  his  enemy,  and  mortally  wounded, 
gircE  directions  to  his  only  dnughlcr  how  lo  escape  — (i)  She  flies,  dugnued 
la  lagi,  and  (j)  mec's  an  unknown  knight  at  the  fool  of  a  cerUin  rock.  He 
taku  pit;  on  het,  and  saying,  ''  Open,  hoary  lock  !"'  displays  a  bidden 
treasare,  Froin  which  he  gives  her  leave  to  come  and  take  whaterer  she  will, 
but  she  is  to  make  good  use  of  it,  for  on  that  will  depend  her  future  happi- 
ness. He  will  return  in  seven  years  to  see  what  use  she  has  made  of  it,  and 
meantime  she  is  lo  remember  his  name,  or  woe  will  betide  her.  She  takes  a 
few  pieces  of  money,  and,  going  on  her  way,  takes  service  (4)  as  a  poultrjr- 
maid  at  a  young  nobleman's  caslle.^ — (5)  On  Sunday  she  goes  to  the  rock, 
and,  taking  a  tobe  of  sunbeams,  goes  to  church,  where  she  is  seen  by  the 
young  baron.  Afterwards  she  returns  the  dress,  and  resumes  her  rags. — (6) 
The  neit  Sunday  she  lakes  ft-om  the  treasure  a  robe  of  moonbeams.  The 
baron  orders  his  wailing-men  lo  detain  her  as  she  leaves  the  chureh,  but  she 
escapes  them  by  scattering  money. — (7I  The  third  Sunday  she  chooses  a 
garment  blue  like  the  sky,  and  sparkling  with  stars.  The  baron  slips  a 
gold  ring  on  her  linger  before  she  leaves  the  church,  and  again  she  con- 
trives to  escape  his  waiting-men  as  before.— (S)  He  (alls  ill  with  love,  and 
refuses  every  amusement.  His  aant,  the  Countess  Janfenstein,  proposes  a 
baDiguet  lo  which  everyone  from  far  and  near  is  to  be  invited.  He  agrees 
lo  this,  bat  will  eat  nothing  but  pancakes.  The  cook,  in  her  anxiety,  bonis 
ihem.— [9)  Klein. Else,  the  poultry-maid,  tries  her  hand,  makes  a  pancake, 
and  puts  the  ring  he  has  given  her  into  it,  and  also  a  diamond-ring  taken 
from  the  rock.  The  baron  finds  them,  and  sends  for  the  cook,  who  is 
compelled  lo  confess  who  made  the  pancake.— (10)  Meantime,  Kldn-Else 
goes  to  the  rock  and  obtains  a  splendid  dress  and  a  retinue  of  servants.  The 
baron  sends  for  her ;  she  comes  in  state,  and  declares  her  true  name  and 
rank.  They  are  married,  and  have  several  children.— {l  1)  The  seven  years 
pass,  and  [he  mysterious  knight  coroes  to  find  her.  She  has  fo^olten  bis 
Dame.  He  takes  her  to  the  treasure. rock  and  bids  it  open.  She  sees  within, 
instead  of  treasure,  all  the  misery  she  might  have  relieved,  but  has  omitted  to 
relieve  in  her  scllish  enjoyment  of  the  good  fortune  which  has  come  to  her. 
Her  husband,  seeking  her,  liodt  only  her  dead  body  kneeling  against  the 
treasure- null. 


iMiiRiANi,  XIl  Coitti  Pomig/iaiusi.      Napoli,  1877.     l'|>.  42  4S-  313 
(From  Avcllino,  Principato  Ulteriore.) 

"'K  TRE  Fkilie  d'  'o  Ke." 

(I)  King  has  three  dinghten.  One  evening  he  telts  Ihem  that  he  will 
w»nt  to  hear  the  rollowing  morning  what  each  of  Ihem  ha<  dreamt '  Next 
day  eldest  danghler  telU  him  she  dreamt  ihal  ihe  mairied  ■  prince  ;  the 
Mcond  daughter  that  she  mirried  a  king ;  the  ycunge&t,  that  she  mimed  an 
empetoi. — (z)  Father  conceives  dislike  for  youngest  daughter,  because  he 
(can  ihe  will  marry  sameooe  above  his  own  rank,  One  day  be  calls  futb- 
fut  senranl,  and  bids  him  take  her  out  in  carriage  to  the  wood,  kill  her 
there,  and  bring  back  her  blood  and  one  of  her  fingers.  Servant  drives  her 
to  the  wood,  but  feels  pity  for  her,  and  whilst  deliberating  about  mardering 
her,  sees  in  the  distance  a  sheep,  which  he  k'lU  instead.  He  lakes  the 
sheep's  blood,  but  is  obliged  to  cut  olT  one  of  heroine's  fingers.  Then  he 
leaves  her  alone  in  the  wood.— (3)  Al  night  she  is  terrified  al  hearing  wild 
bnsls ;  ices  a  light  in  the  distance,  and  walks  lownrds  it.  She  comes  to  the 
bouse  of  an  ogre  (6'orci).  and  knocks  al  the  door.  The  ogress  opens  to  her, 
warns  her  that  when  husband  returns  he  will  eat  her,  but  lakes  pily  on  her, 
■ad  lets  her  hide  behind  the  door.  Ogre  returns,  and  remarks,  "  What  a 
■Dcll  of  Christians  I"*  Ogre«s  persuades  him  it  is  nothing,  and  makct  believe 
tbe  is  tHreinlt. — (4)  One  day  she  presents  heroine  as  her  own  child,  and  they 
both  treat  her  as  such. — (5)  One  day,  when  ogre  and  ogress  have  gone  on>, 
heroine  antocks  and  enters  forbidden  chamber,  is  entranced  with  all  the  beau- 
tiful things,  and  walks  out  on  the  balcony.  The  emperor's  palace  a  close  by, 
■nd  the  parrot  there  says  : 

"  Bella  (igliola,  belU  hgliola, 

Fe'  ti  mangid." 

She  is  ttaj  frightened  ;  but  when  ogirst  learns  what  has  happened,  she  bids 
bet  siy  ncil  time  lo  panot : 


y 


25^  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

But    seeiDg  het  exlreme    be«uty,   he    resolves  to   mairy   her  insleaJ.— 
Amongst  other  kin^  heroine's  fatlicc  u  inviied  to  the  wedding,  and  when 
ihe  nukes  herseir  known  to  him,  be  falls  at  her  leel  craving  Tocgiveness. 


61    V[TTORio  Imbriani,  La  NiwtUaja  Ftoreniina.  FUbe  e  Novelle 
stenografate  in  Firenze  dal  dettato  popolare,  ristampa  accresciuU   j 

di  moUe  novelle  inedite nelte  quali  e  accolta  integral- 

mente  La  Novdlaja  Milanese,  Livorno,  1877.     Story  No.  XI, 


PP-  «S'-57- 


"  La  Cenerentola." 


(l|  A  miD  his  three  dnughters.  He  is  going  a  joume;,  aiu]  uks  what  he 
shall  bring  Ihem.  First  chooses  liite  dress  ;  second,  hat  and  cloak.  Voongeit 
daughter,  who  is  ulled  CindcTell*,  because  she  stays  always  by  the  hearth, 
atks  father  to  buy  her  the  bird  Verdelio.  He  upbraids  her  Tor  choosing  any- 
thing so  useless,  inslead  of  dress  and  shawl.  Father  presently  returns  with 
the  gifls  — (3)  He  is  employed  at  the  court,  and  one  day  king  says  to  him  he 
is  going  to  give  three  balls,  and  if  he  likes  he  can  bring  his  daughters.  He 
goes  home  and  says  to  Cinderella,  if  she  had  only  asked  for  a  dress  as  her 
present,  she  loo  could  go.  Cinderella  says  she  does  not  care  about  it,  and, 
when  the  night  arrives,  sisters  cannot  persuade  her  to  dttss  and  go.  When 
they  have  started,  she  goes  to  bird  and  says,  "  Litite  bird  Verdelio,  nuke  me 
more  lovely  than  I  am,'  She  gels  beautiful  driss,  and  biid  gives  her  two 
bags  of  coppeis.  She  drives  to  ball  :  piioce  dancea  with  her.  She  seati  her- 
self beside  her  sisters,  and,  in  taking  out  handkerchief,  lets  (all  a  bract  let. 
Eldest  sister  picks  it  up,  and  is  told  to  keep  it.  King  tells  servants  to  folloir 
heioine ;  she  throws  coppera  to  detain  ihem,  and  escapes  unseen.  Goes  to 
biid  and  says,  "  Little  biid  Veidelio,  make  me  more  ugly  than  1  am,"  and 
becomes  ditty  and  ugly.  Sisters  return,  tcU  her  atwut  liall,  and  show 
bracelet.— (3)  Next  night  all  happens  as  before.  A  necklace  (alls  from  her 
hindkerchief,  and  she  gives  it  to  second  sister,  who  has  picked  it  up.  She 
blinds  pursuers  with  sand. ^(4)  Third  nighi  she  drops  a  snuff-box,  and  gives 
it  to  father.  She  forgets  to  take  anything  wherewith  to  detain  pursuers,  who 
pick  up  the  shoe  she  drops  on  getting  into  carriage,  then  follow  and  mark 
which  house  she  enters.  Bird  will  not  at  once  make  her  ugly  this  lime,  and 
tells  her  thai  it  matters  not,  (or  now  she  is  disco*eied.  She  begins  to  cry.^ 
(5)  Next  day  king  sends  servants  with  carriage  to  fetch  her.  Father  open« 
door  to  them,  and,  in  reply  10  their  question,  says  he  lias  two  daughters. 
They  are  called,  and  servants  try  shoe,  which  will  fit  neither.  They  make 
him  conless  that  he  has  another  daugliter,  but  be  says  he  is  ashamed  o[  her. 
She  is  called,  and  will  not  come.  At  last  she  goes  to  bird,  asks  lo  be  made 
beautiful,  and  appears  as  at  last  ball.  Bird  asks  to  be  placed  in  her  bosota. 
As  she  descends  stairs  the  gold  chains  on  her  dress  jingle.  Father  says  she  ni 
be  dragging  the  Qre-irons  after  her.— (6)  The  shoe  is  tried,  and  fit*  her.  ! 
is  taken  to  Ihe  palace,  recognised,  and  married  lo  the  king.  Father  and  list 
attend  wedding. 


md.       Note  to  Story  No.   XI,  pp.    158-62.      (In  Milanese 
dialect.) 

"  La   SCINDIROEUR.*." 

I )  A  kinK  hu  a  little  daugblet  named  Maria,  who  is  so  beanlirul  th&t  he 
.nil  to  many  her. — (1)  Daughter  demands  two  dresses  and  a  talking-goose. 
Father  procures  dress  like  the  stars,  and  another  like  the  sun's  rays.  At 
lli£ht  he  calls  her.  She  replies  that  she  is  coming. — {3}  She  makes  a  bundle 
of  the  two  drerses,  and  puis  goose  in  a  basin  of  water.  Goose  flnpi  its  wings, 
tmd  when  father  neil  calls,  replies,  "  I  am  coming."  Father  fnlhi  asleep,  and 
next  morning  finds  hb  daughter  gone  ;  for  heroine  has  put  on  a  covering 
{Mf-i-trua),  which  hides  her  entirely  np  to  her  eyes,  and  set  out,  journey- 
ing till  she  reaches  a  certain  city. — (4I  She  goes  to  king's  palace,  and  asks  to 
be  engaged  is  waiting -maid  to  ihe  queen.  Guard  says  she  ought  to  be 
ashamed  to  ask  it,  ugly  as  she  is.  Then  she  b^;s  to  be  taken  as  kilcben-maid, 
to  lend  the  fire  and  clean  the  hearth.  Queen  is  consulted,  and  consents  to 
engage  her. — (5)  One  day,  king'ii  son  tells  bis  mother  be  wbhes  to  give  a  ball 
on  the  morrow,  and  she  is  well  pleased.  When  be  has  gone  to  the  ball, 
Cinderella  goes  to  queen,  and  sayi,  "  Do  let  me  go  and  look  on  at  the  ball,  if 
only  through  key-hole,  for  I  have  never  seen  one."  "  Go,  then  ;  but  be  sure 
and  return  soon,  for  if  my  son  should  see  you,  I  don't  know  what  be  would 
say,"  Then  heroine  goes  to  her  room  to  don  slar-dress,  and  appears  at  the 
ball.  Frince  dances  with  her,  and  after  one  round  she  says,  "  E):cuse  me  one 
moment,  I  will  come  back  ;"  but,  instead  of  returning,  she  goes  home  to  her 
work.  Prince  says  to  his  mother,  "  V'ou  should  have  seen  what  a  lovely  girl 
there  was  at  the  ball.  1  danced  once  with  her,  and  then  she  disappeared. 
Her  eyes  were  like  Cinderella's."  Heroine  mutters,  "It  war  she."  Prince 
asks  what  the  silly  is  talking  atraut,  and  she  repeats  '».—{(•)  Neil  night  he 
gives  another  bait,  and  heroine  begs  queen  to  let  her  na  and  took  on,  just  to 
lee  that  lovely  girl.  Queen  snys  she  is  a  worry,  but  conienls,  and  she  promises 
to  be  gone  only  a  minute  or  two,  She  wears  ber  sun-dress,  dances  with  the 
prince,  and  leaves  bim  as  before,  to  return  to  her  duties,  only,  whilst  dancing, 
she  ha*  token  his  ring.  He  is  talking  about  it  all  to  his  mother,  and  heroine 
again  says  it  was  herself. — [7)  He  gives  a  third  ball,  but  she  goes  no  more, 
and  he  falls  ill.  He  will  let  no  one  take  bim  bis  food. —(8)  Heroine  asks 
(jaeen  if  she  may  not  take  it.  Queen  says  he  cannot  bear  the  sight  of  a 
wonraii,  but  heroine  rejoins,  "  He  will  let  me  in,  you  see."  Queen  gives  per- 
mission. Then  heroine  dons  her  sun-dress,  and  drops  his  ring  into  the  food. 
— (9)  When  he  sees  Ihe  lovely  girl  he  is  instantly  cuied,  and  marries  her. — 
(10)  After  atime  he  goes  to  find  her  father. 


CINDERELL.^  V 


Ihid.    Note  to  No.  XI,  pp.  i6z-66.     (In  Milanese  dialect.    Taken   | 
down  literally  as  told  by  peasants,  labourers,  or  servants.) 

"  SCINDIBIN-SCISDIROLU." 
(i)  A  mercliant  has  three  daughters:  two  are  uglyi  but  ibe youngest  is  very 
beantirul  ;  whererDTcddersisIers  lU-Ireat  her,  and  mike herstay  in  the  kitchen 
chimney-corner.— (2)  King  gives  a  ball,  and  Ihe  elder  sisters  go  decked  oot 
in  silks  and  finery.  Left  alone,  heroine  goes  into  tbe  garden  and  begins  to 
weep,  A  lady  comes  up  to  her  and  asks  why,  then  gJvei  ber  a  wand,  bidding 
ber  go  to  lier  room,  strike  tvllh  tbc  wand,  and  she  will  get  ererything  she 
wants  for  the  ball.  When  she  gets  to  the  door  she  is  to  strike  wilh  wand, 
and  a  carriage  will  appear  ;  Ihen,  arrived  at  ihe  tiall,  she  can  use  wand  again, 
and  carriage  will  vanish.  Thus  heroine  goes  beautifully  dressed  to  the  boll ; 
her  sisters  see  her  ;  so  does  the  prince,  who  admires  her  greatly  and  dances 
with  her.  Then  she  vanishes,  and  he  U  beside  himself;  at  least  he  wanted 
lo  see  her  la  her  carrLage.^(3)  Next  morning  sisters  find  her  silting,  as  usual, 
by  Ihe  heorlb,  and  lell  her  abonl  the  lovely  girl  at  the  ball.  "  You  should 
have  s:en  her,  Cinderella  ;  she  bad  eyes  just  like  yours."  "  II  was  me." 
"  What )"  "  I  said  it  the  prince  gives  a  tmll  to-night  I  shall  go  ^ain." 
They  say,  how  can  she  go  ?  for  she  has  nothing  (o  wear.  King  gives  another 
ball  in  the  hope  of  seeing  lovely  stranger ;  sisters  attend,  and  heroine  appears 
again,  beautifully  dressed.  Prince  nisbes  to  meet  her,  and  ihey  dance 
together  ;  then  she  gives  a  nosegay  of  Rowers  to  one  of  her  sisters,  and  is 
alMjut  to  leave.  Prince  follows  lier ;  she  strikes  her  wand,  the  carriage 
appears,  and  she  goes  home  to  bed. — (4)  Next  morning  sisters  talk  about 
bat!  and  show  her  the  nosegay.  They  again  say  that  the  lady's  eyet  were 
like  bers,  and  she  says,  "  Yes,  it  was  me"  ;  and,  asked  what  she  said, 
replies,  "  I  said  that  if  the  prince  gives  another  boll  you  will  see  me  there 
again."  They  say,  "  What  folly  t"  who  is  there  to  lake  her  ?  All  happens 
tbe  same  a  third  time.  Prince  asks  heroine  who  she  is,  and  ays  he  wants  to 
marry  her.  She  says  she  cannot  possibly  tell  him  where  ahe  lives,  neither 
can  she  many  him.  He  gives  her  a  ring,  and  vows  he  will  mairy  no  one  who 
dues  not  first  present  it  to  him.  She  accepts  the  ring,  but  says  it  would  lie 
difficult  for  her  to  become  his  wife.  Then  she  gets  home  ai  before.— (5)  The 
same  conversatioQ  takes  place  next  morning  with  the  sisters  freseolly 
ihey  tell  her  that  the  prince  has  fallen  ill  because  he  cannot  find  his  lady-love. 
Then  heroine  goes  into  the  garden,  and  is  very  sorrowful ;  the  lady  appears 
to  her  and  asks  why  she  looks  so  sad,  then  bids  her  go  Indoors  and  lay  that 
she  wants  to  go  out  to  service ;  then  she  is  to  ask  at  the  palace  if  they  waul 
a  servant,  and  try  to  get  engaged  as  waiting.maid  to  the  queen.— (6)  She 
does  OS  bidden,  and  queen  takes  her.  The  prince  is  ill  in  bed.  and  sue  day, 
wben  his  food  is  ready  lo  be  taken  up  to  him,  heroine  asks  leave  to  cairy  it 
as  far  as  his  ante-room  ;  then  she  slips  the  ring  into  the  gruel.  Prince  finda 
it,  and  asks  who  mode  the  food.  "The  cook."  Then  he  inquires  who 
brought  it  to  the  room,  and  sends  tor  his  mother's  waiting-maid. — [7)  She 


I 


\l. 


*55 


goa  rclucUnlly,  and  prince  recognises  her  as  Ihe  bcituly  of  the  ball.  She 
says  jts,  It  ii  ihc,  and  ihe  wanted  to  return  his  ring,  and  knev  rio  other  way, 
lie  wants  lo  many  her,  tial  ahe  says  she  is  bul  a  poor  girl,  and  no  tit  bride 
fi>r  him.  Then  he  calls  his  moiher,  and  says  he  will  marty  her  maid  ot 
nobody.  Queen  is  willing.  When  the  sisters  hear  of  it  ihey  are  very 
jealous,  but  heroine  ihowt  them  kindness  always. 


//'iJ.,  pp.  183-go.     No.  XI II. 

"  II  Luccio"  (The  Pike). 

(1)  Widow  with  one  daughter  manies  widower  with  extremely  beautirni 
I  dai^htcr.  One  day,  his  Majesty  passing  window,  sees  to«e1y  girl.  One  (;ir] 
I  i«  weavii^,  ihe  other  making  reels  orsilk.  King  enteis  house,  and  wantH  lo 
I  see  clolh.  Every  day,  at  the  same  hour,  he  comes  and  says  to  the  beauty, 
"  Good  day  and  good  year  lo  her  who  weaves",  and  adds,  "  Good  day  to  her 
who  makes  reels."  Stepmother,  who  is  jealous  for  her  ovn  daughter,  sets 
.0  weave,  and  the  other  girl  to  make  reela.  King  then  saya,  "  Good  day 
lo  her  who  weaves  :  good  day  and  good  year  lo  her  who  makes  reels. "—(2) 
Then  mother  sends  heroine  to  fairies  for  a  sieve.  On  the  way  she  meets  old 
woman,  who  tells  her  she  has  lo  pass  Ihrough  dangers  ;  explains  lo  her  which 
honie  it  is  ;  lells  her  lo  be  veiy  carerul  not  lo  break  stairs,  which  are  of  glass, 
and  that  she  will  have  to  search  fairies'  heads,  and  whatever  she  finds,  must 
onljr  say,  "  PearU  and  diamonds,"  Then  she  will  ask  for  sieve.  TTiey  will 
take  her  into  room  full  of  ugly  and  pretty  hats,  and  ugty  and  pretty  dresses, 
and  will  ask  which  she  would  tike.  She  must  choose  Ihe  ugliest  of  each. 
Wben  she  is  leaving,  ihcy  will  tell  her  nol  lo  turn  when  ass  brays,  but  when 
ihtimn  eAie(Afriiii,—ii)  Heroine  follows  ihese  itstruetions.  She  chooses 
wont  hat  and  dress,  and  gels  the  besL  Fairies  give  her  sieve,  and  start  her. 
She  torns  when  cock  crows,  and  gels  star  in  middle  of  her  head.  Step' 
nother  tries  to  tear  it  off,  bul  it  grows  the  larger  and  brighter. — [4)  She  sends 
her  own  daughter  fur  the  sieve.  Girl  meets  same  old  woman,  who  gives 
exactly  the  same  instructions.  Stepsister  reaches  fairies'  house  ;  breaks  glass 
itair ;  iniults  fairies  when  searching  their  heads  ;  chooses  belt  hal  and  dres<:. 
and  gets  worst ;  is  told  not  lo  turn  when  cock  crows,  but  when  asi  biays  ; 
does  so,  and  gels  ass-tail  on  brow.  The  more  mother  cuts  il,  the  longer  it 
gTows.~(5)  Slepmolher  sends  heroine  on  menial  errands;  lires  her  out,  and 
ill-lrtats  her,  hoping  she  will  die.  She  is  sent  to  buy  some  pike.  One  of 
them  says,  when  she  is  aboul  to  kill  it :  "  Don't  kill  me !  Throw  me  into 
the  fountain  !"  Heroine  takes  it  10  fountain  in  garden. — [6)  King  comes 
every  day  to  look  at  heroine,  and  one  day  tells  stepmother  that,  whether  she 
will  or  no,  he  means  to  marry  her.  He  will  have  to  go  on  a  journey  of 
many  months  after  be  has  given  the  ring.  Stepmother  says  he  must  order  a 
cairiage  of  iron,  so  that  heroine,  who  is  delicilc,  shall  not  fall  ID  ihrough 
exposure  during  the  jouiocy.     King  orders  such  a  carriage,  and  it  is  ready. 


a$Cl  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

(7)— After  the  wedding,  when  ihey  go  to  paUce  for  reffohmenti,  heroine  r 
incmhers  Ihe  pikci  and  runs  10  [he  fountain,  calls  il,  and  ssfi  good-hjre. 
Pike  bids  her  take  i[  thence,  and  throw  it  into  lake.     She  does  so,  and  le- 
tams  lo  king. — (S)  Stepmother  hides  own  daughter  under  a  tub;  Ihen  lelll 
heroine  thai  when  thej  have  driven  a  little  way,  she  must  taj  ahe  want*  to 
gel  down  for  a  moment.     They  leave  the  palace.     Heroine  Bays  she  wanta  10 
allghl,  and  king   has   carriage  stopped.       Stepmother   gets  out   loo,   take* 
heroine  to  the  tub,  teais  out  ber  ejes,  lifts  up  tub,  puts  het  inside,'  and  give* 
Ihe  eyes  into  her  hand>  saying,  "  Here,  put  them  in  youi  pocket."    She  takei    , 
ugly  daughter,   who  was  under  lub,  and  puts  her  in  the  carriage.     She  i> 
scarcely  inside,  when  all  the  cats  behind  carriage  begin  : 
"  Miaou,  miaou,  miaou  1 

Poor  lieauty  is  in  the  tab  now. 

The  ugly  girl  rides  in  the  carriage  ; 

The  devil  has  got  her  in  marriage." 
Kingsnys,  "Go  with  the  cat5,  and  see  what  is  under  the  tub."  Mother  will 
nol.^(9)  Servants  go,  raise  the  lub,  and  lind  poor  heroine  with  her  eyet  oal. 
Shi  asks  servants  to  lead  her  10  the  slreun  that  she  may  wash  the  eyes  there. 
Pike  says  :  "  Wash  yourself  thus,  and  put  yout  eye  in  its  place  ;  now  do  the 
same  to  the  other  side,  and  your  sight  will  be  restored."  Her  eyes  are  all 
right.  Pike  says :  "  When  you  turn  back,  lake  those  two  apes,  yonr  step- 
mother and  stepsister,  and,  at  my  order,  have  them  put  into  the  tub,  and  let 
no  one  come  to  ihcir  aid.  Then  return  and  fetch  me,  and,  when  you  gel 
home,  put  mc  in  Ihe  fountain  in  your  garden."  Heroine  letumi  to  cstrtage. 
Prince  is  surprised  to  see  the  servants  returning  with  the  bride  herself,  and 
reniarfcl,  "  Une  bride  in  the  carriage,  and  one  in  the  road?"  Heroine  says, 
"  Before  I  get  in,  grant  me  a  favour,  your  Majesty.  Have  those  two  wicked 
women  taken,  and  put  under  the  tub  where  Ihey  left  me  j  I  can  have  nothing  to 
da  with  you  else."— (io)  They  are  put  In  Ihe  tub,  urhlch  is  closed  with  pad- 
lock that  none  may  rescue  them.  Heroine  fetches  pike,  enters  carriage,  and 
off  they  go.  King  understands  now  why  cunning  stepmother  insisted  on  iron 
carriage.  Had  it  been  of  glass  he  would  have  seen  that  she  wanted  to  palm 
off  her  own  daughter.  They  reach  palace,  amid  rejoicings  of  the  peoples  — 
(II)  Heroine  puts  pike  in  fountain,  and  every  day  goes  to  talk  with  it.  When, 
after  some  years,  it  dies,  ibe  puts  it  under  glass  shade,  surrounds  it  with  pre- 
cious stones,  and  keep^  it  in  the  best  room. 


3lW.,  pp.  195-201.      No.  XIV. 
"  La  Bella  e  L;\  Brutta." 
(l)  Widower,  with  one  danghter,  marries  again,  and  has  another  daaghter. 
Stepmother  ill-treats  heroine  ;  sets  ber  spinning- luk.      One  day  gives  her  j 
pound  to  spin  before  evening,  or  she  will  get  no  supper.— (2)  Heroine  goe*  1 


Ont  weepinif.     Meets  old  womui,  who,  heiring  of  h«r  trouble,  telli  het  ti 


to  wood,  where  she  will  bad  a 


"  With  /out  mouth  spin,  spb,  aw«y, 
With  your  horns  wind,  wind,  I  pray. 
I  will  pluek  you  sweetcil  bay." 


I 


!  brings  home  flax  all  ready  spun  and  wonnd. — (3)  Next 
&y  stepmother  sends  own  daughter,  giving  her  only  balf*a-pound  of  wool,  of 
which  she  does  not  spin  a  quarter, — (4)  Day  after  she  sends  hertHoe  sgain 
with  two  pounds  to  spin.  She  meets  same  old  woman,  who  bids  her  say 
same  words  to  cow  in  the  wood.  She  returns  at  nighl  with  task  done.  Neit 
day  she  gets  three  pounds  spun  in  same  way. — (3)  Then  stepmother  gives  her 
shict  to  sew,  and  if  not  iinished  by  evening,  she  will  get  no  sapper.  Old 
sends  heroine  to  wood  to  say  to  cow ; 

"  With  yoDr  month  thread,  thread,  I  pray. 
Wth  your  honw  siitdi,  jiitcb,  away. 
1  will  pluck  you  sweetest  hay." 

Stepmother  is  at  a  lo.-<s  to  6nd  fault  with  her. — (6)  Neit  day  she  sends  her  to 
ftitia  for  a  sieve  to  sift  tlour  for  bread.  1  teroioe  knocks  at  door,  and  fairies 
ask,  "Who  is  it?"  "Friends."  "Come  sofily;  the  suirs  are  glass.*' 
tletoioe  takes  of)  shoes  to  go  more  gently.  Fairies  say,  "Be  so  ^ood  as  to 
comb  me.  What  do  you  find  ia  my  head?"  "Pearls  and  diamonds." 
"  Pearb  and  diamonds  you  will  have.  Kindly  make  my  bed.  What  do  you 
Gnd  there  ?"  "(jold  and  silver."  "Gold  and  silver  you  shall  have.  Do 
nie  the  kindness  to  sweep  my  house.  What  do  you  find  ?'  "  Rubies  and 
chenibs."  "Rubies  and  cherubs  you  shall  have."  They  then  show  her  lots 
of  dresses,  and  bid  her  choose.  She  lakes  one  uf  the  worst ;  they  give  her 
tbe  noiC  beautiful  instead.  Told  lo  help  herself  to  money  in  another  room, 
she  takes  three  or  four  bad  pennies  ;  instead  of  which  they  give  her  gold  and 
rilver.  They  show  jewel-case,  and  bid  her  choose  pair  of  ear-rings,  giving 
lier  diamond  pair  instead  of  broken  ones.  They  lay,  "  When  yon  get  to  the 
bridge,  turn  round  ;  yon  will  bear  a  cock  crow."  Heroine  turns  round  on  the 
bridge  when  cock  crows,  and  gets  lovely  star  on  brow.  Slepmotlier  tries  to 
remove  star,  but,  if  she  cuts  il  with  a  knife,  it  reappear?  more  beautiful  still. 
(}}  Neat  day  she  sends  own  daughter,  who,  on  being  told  to  go  softly  upstairs, 
makes  as  much  noise  as  poMible,  and  breaks  all  the  stairs.  "  Comb  me. 
What  do  you  find?"  "Ticks  and  lice,  you  lillhy  people,  you  I"  "Ticks 
and  lice  you  shall  have.  Make  my  bed.  What  do  you  find  ?"  "  Fleas  and 
bugs."  Such  shall  the  hare;  "Sweep  my  house.  What  do  you  find?" 
"  Sweepings,  and  dirt,  and  filth,  you  horrid  people  I "  Such  shall  she  have. 
She  chooses  best  dress,  and  gets  worst ;  fills  her  lap  with  money,  which  is 
exchanged  for  three  bad  pennies ;  gets  the  broken  ear-rings  instead  of  those 
she  chootcL  They  say,  "  When  you  gel  to  the  bridge,  turn  round  ;  you  will 
heat  on  ass  bray."  She  turns,  and  gets  oss'tail  on  the  top  of  her  head.  The 
more  mother  cuts  it,  the  more  it  grows,  so  daughter  is  uglier  than  ever. — (8j 
One  day  king  paces,  and  aik;  mother  for  a  lew  apples  from  tree  near  honsr 


CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 


She  calls  own  daughter 


,  but  thejr  keep  ttretching  ap  ont  of 


reach.  King  says,  is  there  no  one  in  house  who  can  pick  a  few  applei.  Step- 
mother sBjs  her  other  girl  is  fit  (or  Dolhiog  ;  is  always  amongst  the  ashes. 
Kiiig  has  her  called.  Heroine  dons  dress  the  fairies  gave,  which  rings  like  a 
bell  aa  she  comes  dowostaiis.  Stepmother  uyi,  "Haik  at  that  stupid 
Cinderella  ;  she  is  drawing  the  shovel  after  her."  King  asks  her  to  pick  ■ 
lew  apples;  tree  bows  down,  and  (ills  her  lap  in  a  minute.  King  wonld 
maiT7  her  ;  stepmother  consents,  and  it  is  arranged  that  in  three  days  carriage 
shall  be  sent  to  fetch  her.  King  sends  outfit  and  seven  rings, — (9)  On  wed- 
ding momJDg  stepmother  dresses  up  own  daughter,  puts  heroine  naked  inside 
cask,  and  sets  water  to  boil.  King  drives  off  with  wroitg  girl,  uid  cat  luos 
behind  carriage,  saying  : 

"  Miaou,  miaon,  miaou  I 

In  the  cask  is  the  beauty  aow  ; 

And  the  hideous,  ill-tempered  thing 

Is  driving  away  with  the  king. " 

King  heeds  not,  but  cat  foUows  mewing,  and  so  annoys  him  that,  at  length, 
he  says,  "Turn  back."— (lo)  Then  he  finds  heroine  naked  in  ca^k,  recognises 
ber,  lakes  clothes  off  stepsister,  puts  her  in  cask,  dresses  heroine,  and  ofTthej 
go.— UO  Stepmother  begins  filUng  cask  with  boiling  water  :  daughter  cries 
oul,  "  Mamma,  you  ate  scalding  me  t"  Stepmother  says  : 
'*  Vouatenot  a  child  ormine; 

My  girl  has  a  husband  fine  ; 

Seven  rings  On  her  fingers  shine." 

Daughter  screams  again  ;  mother  replies  in  same  words.  When  she  find*  she 
has  killed  own  daughter,  she  fears  to  tell  lather.— {tz]  She  dresses  up 
corpse,  and  sets  her  on  chair  by  the  door,'  with  dialaff  beside  her  as  though 
she  were  spinning.  Father  comes  along,  and  says,  "What  are  yon  domg 
there? — always  sleeping  instead  of  working  I''  and  gives  corpse  a  blow  which 
knocks  it  down.  Mother  weeps,  and  says  be  has  killed  her  child. —(13)  Father 
is  imprisoned,  and  afterwards  mother  is  found  guilty  and  shot. 


1 

J 

4 


I  241  ■^^''^■1  PP-  202-107.  No.  XV.  (This  story,  also  called  "Novella  I 
de'  Galti",  was  contributed  by  Gherardo  Nerucci,  to  whom  it  was  I 
lold  by  Silvia  Vannucchi  of  Montale.) 

"La   Bblla  C.^terina," 

(1)  Countrywoman  has  Iwo  daughters.      Caterina  is  very   beautiAll,  but  I 

mother   loves  ugly  daughter  best,    and    tries  all   possible  means   to  spoil  I 

Calerina's  beauty.     At  last  she  plots  with  ugly  danghter  to  seitd  Cateiina  Ip.l 


* 

I 


^^H  IMBRtANl.  )59 

gtt  tieve  from  biriei,  wbo  are  wicked,  uid  will  be  ceitain  to  tcralch  her 
bee.  She  calll  CiCerino,  lellt  her  they  must  nuLkc  breai),  and  there  is  no 
sieve  ID  house  to  sift  Aaur ;  ihe  mual  go  ai  once  to  wood,  and  ask  fairiei  for 
theirs.  Csterioa  turns  pale,  dreading  treatmeni  of  fairiei,  and  begi  mother 
not  ID  Kod  her,  Mother  and  sister  are  to  unkind  that  fairiei  could  not  treat 
her  worse,  lO  she  goes. — (2)  Entering  the  wood,  she  meets  old  man,  who 
ulo  why  the  looks  so  troubled.  She  teUs  all.  She  oced  not  fear  fairies ;  be 
will  lell  her  what  to  do.  "First  tell  me  what  is  making  my  head  itch  ?" 
Cateritu  looks,  and  says,  "1  see  pearb  and  diamonds."  "Pearls  and 
diamonds  shall  fall  10  your  lot.  When  you  get  to  fairies'  house,  knock,  and 
iflhey  say,  'Put  your  linger  in  key^hole,'  put  in  a  stick,  which  tbey  will 
chop  off  They  will  take  you  to  room  full  of  cats,  some  sewing,  some  spin- 
ning, aome  making  hose — all  engaged  in  some  work.  Without  being  asked, 
yon  must  help  each  one  to  finish  work.  Then  in  kitchen  you  wilt  see  cats  at 
work  t  help  ihem  likewise.  You  will  presently  bear  the  cat  Mam mone  called. 
All  the  cats  will  tell  her  what  you  have  done  (or  them.  Mammooe  will  ask 
what  you  would  like  for  dinner — black  bread  and  onions,  or  white  bread  and 
checM.  Say,  '  Blad:  bread  and  onions' ;  tbey  will  give  yon  the  other. 
Mommone  will  invite  you  to  ascend  crystal  staircase.  Be  careful  not  to  break 
11.  Afterwards,  choose  always  the  worst  dress  of  those  offered  you."  Herome 
thanks  old  man,  and  promises  to  obey. — (3)  When  door  is  opened  to  her  she 
asks  (or  sieve.  "  We  will  give  it  you  presently  ;  come  in  and  wait  a  bit." 
When  she  sees  cats  at  work,  she  says,  "  Poor  little  kiliens  '.  Goodness  knows 
bow  it  must  hurt  your  claws  !  Give  it  to  me  ;  I'll  do  il-"  In  two  Iwoc  {in 
(/Holtro  t  i/Koilr  ello)  iiK  has  finished  each  one's  work.  In  the  kitchen  she. 
scrubs,  iwcepi,  and  puts  all  the  furniture  in  order.  Mammonc  is  called  1  call 
my,  "  She  did  my  cooking,"  "  She  made  my  stockings,"  etc,  etc,  and  bound 
■bout  the  room  in  joy.  Mammone  asks  what  she  would  like  10  eat.  *'  Give 
me  black  bread  luid  onions,  I  am  not  accustomed  to  anything  else."'  Cat 
Mammone  gives  hei  while  bread  and  cheese  ;  then  invites  her  up  t:lass  stair- 
case. Caterina  takes  off  shoes  10  as  not  to  scratch  stairs.  Offered  choice  of 
dresses,  she  takes  the  worst,  and  brass  instead  of  gold.  Mammone  tells  fairies 
Id  give  her  best  dress  and  jeweb  set  in  gold.  When  she  is  arrayed  like  a 
<]aecn,  Mammone  says,  "  Tike  the  sieve  and  leave  this  house.  If  you  hear 
donkey  biay,  don't  turn  ;  if  cock  crowsi,  turn  round."  Caterina  obeys — 
(4)  She  takes  no  notice  when  donkey  brayi ;  when  cock  crows  she  turns,  and 
a  shining  slai  saddenty  comes  on  her  head.  She  reaches  home,  and  mother 
and  sister  arc  still  more  envious. — (5)  Sister  will  visit  fairies.  Entering  wood, 
she  also  meets  old  man.  "  Where  are  you  off  to  so  joyfully  ?  "  "  Mind  your 
own  business."  "  Go  where  yon  like,  then  ;  I'll  see  you  again  to-morrow.'  ' 
She  spoils  fairies'  door  with  her  banging  ;  gets  finger  chopped  off  through 
keyhole  ;  tees  sieve  oo  ground  when  door  opens,  and  calls  oat  in  rage,  "  ThU 
your  tieve,  you  accursed  people  ?"  Seeing  cats  at  work,  says,  "  Confound  you, 
CMS,  what  are  yon  slaving  for,  yon  stupids!"  and  pricks  one's  claws  with 
needle,  ducks  another  in  boiling  water,  hits  others  over  the  ribs  with  broom 


26o 


VARIANTS. 


nnd  spindle.     Great  uproar  :  caU  dash  aboat   screaming   with   pain. 
Maminone  appears,  and  hears  what  Ihey  have  undei^one.     Qoite  lerioualy 
Mammone  lays  to  ugly  sister  she  must  be  hungry  ;  would  she  like  black  bread 
and  onions,  or  white  bread  and  cheese  ?     "  You're  a  nice  creature !  if  you 
came  to  my  house  you  wouldn't  be  ofTered  black  bread  and  onions,  and  you 
wouldn't  have  your  finger  chopped  ofi.    I'll  take  white  bread  and  cheese." 
They  bnng  the  other.     She  breaks  the  glass  staircase  from  lop  to  bottom  ; 
when  offered  brocade  dress  trimmed  with  gold  pendants,  or  fiistian  gown  wilb 
brass  pendants,  chooses  the  foimer.     They  give  her  the  latter.     She  leaves  in 
a  rage.     Mammone  says,  "  If  cock  crows,  keep  straight  on  ;  if  donkey  brays, 
lum  round  and  you'll  have  a  line  slght."~-(6)  Donkey  brays  ;  sbe   turii^ 
getting  asS'tail  on  biow.     She  runs  home  in  terror,  screaming ; 
"  Mamma  dear,  see  1 
Mamma  dear,  see  I 
The  ass's  tail  bas  stuck  lo  me. " 

(7)  Meanwhile  Cateiina,  still  more  lovely  since  visit  to  fairies,  has  been  seen 
by  king's  son,  who  falls  in  love  with  her,  and  obliges  king  to  consent  to  his 
manying  hat.  Wedding  day  is  haed,  motlicr  and  sister  not  daring  to  oppose 
king.— (8)  But  on  wedding  momioi;  Catetina  is  put  in  cask  and  shut  up  in 
cellar  ;  ugly  sister  is  dressed  in  her  clothes  and  jewels,  and  mother  cuts  off 
ass-tail  and  binds  her  head  up  in  a  veil.  When  king's  son  uid  bis  court 
arrive,  mother  says,  "  Here's  your  bride,  lovely  and  apparelled."  lie  isabout 
lo  take  her  hand,  supposing  it  to  be  Caterina,  when  suddenly  be  hears  a  wail- 
ing underground,  and  listening  awhile,  and  ordering  silence,  he  hears  sung  in 
a  plaintive  voice — 

"  Alack  I  alack  !  and  wcU-a-day  '. 

In  the  cask  the  beauty  is  hidden  away  ; 

The  ugly  sister  is  in  the  carriage. 

The  king  is  taking  her  in  marriage." 

King's  son,  saspicious,  lakes  veil  oil  girl,  and  discovers  the  deception.  Ass- 
tail  has  grown  so  much  that  it  now  covers  her  eyes.— (9)  Prince  linda 
Caterina,  lakes  her  out  of  cask,  and  puts  mother  and  sister  in  instead.  He 
orders  a  caldron  of  boiling  oil  lo  be  psured  over  them,  and  takes  Caterina  to 
palace  and  marries  her. 


i 


1307     /ndian  Antiquary,    Bombay.    Vol.  xx  (April  1891),  pp.  i4a*47' 
("  Folk-lore  in  Salsette,"  by  Geo.  Ft.  D'Pcnha.) 


(1)  AivWrnjC 
begging  in  his  own 

"BapkhAdI." 
with  a  wife   and  sU  daughters  has  been  in  the  habit  ol 

INniAN  ANTtQUAKi 


z6i 


» 


I 


one  itr  a(  tlc«  diily,  liarely  suflicing  for  himself  uid  fimilf .  One  day  he 
goes  b^ging  onlsEde  his  own  villsge  ;  ■  woman  pours  inio  bis  hinds  some 
rice  boiling  hot  from  the  caldron,  raising  a  big  blister  on  hit  ihnmb.  Relorn- 
ing  home,  he  bids  wife  tnke  needle  and  break  blister  ;  when  about  to  apply 
needle  she  hears  a  voice  saying  :  "  Father,  if  you  break,  break  it  carefnlly." 
Ther  are  perplcied  at  this;  but  same  words  are  repeated  each  time  she 
attempts  to  open  blister.  Tlien  xhe  opens  it  with  utmost  care,  and  a  little  girl 
comes  out  and  walks  about.  Poor  i^-iulnTt  is  unhappy  at  hiving  leventh 
daughter  to  maintain,  but  submits  to  Tate.— (2)  One  day  he  bids  wife  make 
some/vi//.'  She  rejoins  ;  "  Hovt  many  /^'■/.^  will  one  j?r  of  rice  make  ?  At 
any  rate,  they  will  hardly  be  ready  before  our  girlswill  eat  them  up."  Where- 
upon gi^sii&t'l  adviies  that  girls  be  shut  up  whilst  she  makes  them,  atid  he  and 
she  can  eat  them  together.  I  le  goes  oH  begginE  as  usual ;  wife  sbols  the  girl* 
up  in  I  room,  and  begins  making  fi-^/f.  \Vhen  sounds  of  cooking  a  fiMtl  reach 
the  girls,  one  of  them  cills  to  mother,  and  makes  excuse  for  getting  out. 
Mother  lets  her  out,  and  she  goes  straight  to  kitchen  and  eats  up  the  lirst  yvl/.F. 
I'henmethinghBppenswithall  the />^//,  for  the  dough  will  only  ju^lmakeseven. 
Mother,  not  knowing  what  to  say  to  husband,  or  what  to  give  him  to  eal, 
takei  some  ashes  and  makes  l\ro />'/',  one  for  hertelf,  one  for  him.  lie 
retnms,  and  they  sit  down  to  the  meal.  Chiiivl  is  enraged,  and  nukes  wife 
explain  everything. — (3)  Then  he  sayt  he  must  take  the  girls  and  leave  them 
in  a  roreat,  that  ihcy  be  no  longer  a  burden  upon  him.  Wife  siirees,  and  tfcat 
evening  he  calls  to  girls  lo  dress  quickly,  for  their  maternal  uncle  has  asked 
him  to  bring  them  to  h^  house.  They  have  never  heard  of  their  maternal 
uncle  befoTi^,  but  get  ready  and  set  out  with  father.  He  leads  them  on  for 
many  hours  through  a  lorest,  always  replying  to  their  inquiries  that  they  must 
go  a  long  way  further  yet,  When  darkness  overtakes  them  he  layii  that  ther 
must  steep  that  night  in  the  forest.  Girls,  suipecting  nothing,  fall  asleep. 
VouDgtst  daughter,  who  came  out  of  blister,  is  in  the  habit  of  sucking  father's 
thmnb  when  going  to  steep,  always  waking  when  thumb  it  removed.  The 
gi'sAnvt^  therefore  obliged  to  cut  ofl'  his  thumb  and  leave  it  in  little  girl's 
month,  whil.^l  he  govs  away  leaving  them  all  asleep.— (4)  Next  morning  girti 
cannot  find  father,  but,  secbg  his  thumb  in  youngest  sister 'i  mouih,  conclude 
that  she  hat  eaten  him,  and  henceforth  name  her  Bapkhndl,'  They  take  it 
from  bet  mouth,  thus  \vaking  her,  and  reprimand  her  severely ;  saying  ihat 
they  intend  to  leave  her  lo  herself,  they  start  off  for  another  countiy.  She 
follows  Ibem  till  they  End  a  large  house  with  icven  rooms  in  it,  all  vacant. 
Each  takes  a  room,  finding  in  it  plenty  of  food,  clothes,  and  other  n> 


'  pan,  singntar  pild,  are  made  in  the  following  way  ;— Ordinary  rice  and  a 
little  quantity  of  another  grain  (Bi?!ht,  plural  mfliid]  are  ground  logelher. 
The  flour  is  made  into  dough  with  toddy  and  water,  and  allowed  to  remain 
for  a  few  honri.  After  this  an  earthen  t.lwi  (platter)  is  placed  on  the  oven,  a 
little  oil  rubbed  on  it  (usually  with  a  slick  of  the  plantain  leaf,  after  beating 


itinto  theihapeof  abru&h),  and  «  little  of  the  dough  poured  o 


which  in 


short  time  n 


a/vf/J. 

an*  literally  "  eater  of  the  btber". 


263 


CINDERELLA   VA8IAI 


bot  Bftplch^dt'i  room  is  the  best,  containing  clotho  and  fuinitare  of  m«tui 
beRuty,  and  having  a  slable  attached.  But  she  says  nothing  about  it  to  sjiten, 
nlwayE  remaining  in  the  rags  in  which  she  had  come. — (5)  On  Sunday 
mornings  the  tax  lisleis  dr^si  in  their  best  and  go  to  church  to  attend  mass. 
Before  starting  thejr  always  ca!l  to  BSpkhSd!  lo  ask  her  whether  she  is  coming  ; 
but  she  answer!  never  a  word.  Nevertheless,  she  quickly  diesse*  up  in  rich 
Eiilks  with  golden  slippris,  and  goes  to  church  on  horseback,  arriving  before 
her  sbtert .  So,  too,  after  mass  she  will  gel  home  first,  and  be  standing  al  her 
door,  clothed  in  tags.  Sisters,  who  have  seen  (he  beautiful  girl,  return  and 
tell  her  what  a  sight  she  has  missed  through  not  going  to  church.  — (6)  One 
day,  whilst  reluming  from  church,  Bapkh^d!  loses  one  of  ber  slippers,  and  il 
attracts  the  attention  of  the  king's  son,  who  happens  to  pass  bjr.  He  picks  it 
up,  and  goes  and  throws  himself  down  in  his  father's  stables,  thinking  of  the 
owner  of  the  slipper,  and  how  he  nm  find  her.  Then  he  gives  up  eating  and 
drinking.  King  searches  for  him  in  vain  throughout  palace  and  all  through 
village. — (;)  But  king's  maid.servants  go  to  stables  lo  feed  ihc  horses,  and,  si 
usual,  eat  the  grain  and  throw  them  the  husks  ;  leeing  which,  the  prince  calls 
out  from  hiding-place:  "Ob,  ho!  is  this  how  you  feed  the  horses?  No 
wander  they  get  leaner  day  by  day,  while  you  grow  stouter  1"  Hearing 
prince's  voicr,  the  maid-iervanli  )ly  like  lightning  lo  the  king,  and  taj  :  "  Sire, 
shall  we  tell  thee  one,  or  shall  we  tell  thee  two  ?"  King  bids  them  say  what 
they  have  to  say  al  once,  and  when  they  have  related  all,  he  goes  to  the 
stables  and  speaks  thus  to  prince:  "Whal  ai)s  you,  my  son?  Tell  me 
what  you  lack.  If  any  has  lifted  his  hands  to  strike  you,  I  will  take  his  bands. 
If  any  his  legs  to  kick  you,  I  will  take  his  legs.  If  any  has  cast  his  eyes  On 
you,  I  will  take  his  eyes."  Prince  replies  that  nothing  ails  htm,  nor  has  any 
one  harmed  him.  lie  grieves  because  he  has  found  a  golden  slipper,  and 
knows  not  how  to  trace  the  ovmer,  whom  he  must  marry  or  die  of  grief.  He 
will  touch  no  food  or  drink  till  he  finds  her.  King  comforts  him,  promisiOK 
to  ^icnd  in  all  directions  lo  find  the  owner,  and  persuades  him  to  go  home  and 
lake  food  as  usual.— (8)  Messengers  are  sent  lo  try  the  slipper  till  they  find 
the  owner,  then  to  arrange  for  her  marriage  with  prince.  They  seek  through- 
out Ihe  country,  coming  at  length  lo  the  bouse  of  the  seven  sisters.  The 
slipper  is  tried  on  the  six  eldest,  but  fits  none.  Then  they,  for  once,  think  ol 
BllpkhUI,  and  bid  the  men  try  it  on  her ;  and  lo  !  it  tits  her  perfectly.— (9) 
Arrangements  are  made,  the  day  appointed  for  the  ceremony,  and  BapkhAdl 
is  duly  married  lo  the  king's  son  amid  great  rejoicings.  Her  six  sisters  are 
invited  to  live  in  palace,  bat  are  made  lo  wait  on  her  as  her  maids.  They 
grow  jealous  of  her.— (10)  Presently  prince  determines  lo  set  onl  on  diitant 
voyage,  and  Hts  out  his  ship.  Before  taking  leave  of  Bipkhftdi  he  calls  her 
sisters,  and  bids  Ihem  tend  her  carefully,  saying,  that  should  a  son  be  bora  to 
him,  a  shower  of  gold  will  fall  on  his  ship  ;  if  a  daughter  is  born,  there  will 
be  a  shower  of  lilver.  He  departs,  and  in  due  time  BlLpkh&dt  bears  a  Mn. 
But  her  sisters  bind  up  her  eyes,  and  take  the  child  and  bury  him  alive  undei' 
a  sSyi  tree,  and  sub»itulc  in  his  place  an  irintS.'     BSpVhidt  little  knowt  the 

'  A  round  stone  used  for  grinding  spices. 


INDIAN  ANTIQUARV.  863 

triclc  that  has  been  placed  her.  A  shower  of  gold  falls  on  the  prince's  ship, 
and,  in  hii  joj,  he  distributes  sugar  and  other  present*  10  his  crew,  and 
hastens  home.  When  the  sisters  show  him  the  Mntd  he  is  grieved  to  the 
heart,  bat  rnnains  silent.-— (11)  Two  or  three  years  afterwards  he  again  sets 
out  on  a  Toyage,  idviting  the  sisters  to  tkke  more  care  this  time  of  his  wife. 
BipkhSdt  again  betrs  a  son,  and  the  liiters  bind  her  eyes,  and  take  away  the 
child,  and  bury  it  alive  nnder  an  dhi/!  tree,  substitniing  for  it  b  itvlUrii} 
Prince  witnesses  a  second  shower  of  gold  ;  sgain  distributes  sugar  and  other 
presents,  and  hulens  home,  only  to  be  disappointed  once  more.— (iz)  Another 
two  or  three  years  elapse,  and  he  tels  out  again,  telling  the  sbiers  to  exercise 
great  care  this  time;  His  wife  bears  a  daughter,  and  the  sisters  bury  the 
child  ahve  in  the  church,  putting  in  its  place  a  mhi/llt.*  This  time  there 
comes  pouring  a  heavy  shower  of  silver  ;  the  prince  distributes  presents,  and 
returns  home.  The  sisters  show  him  the  mfvt)Il,  and  also  tell  a  lot  of  tales 
against  BSpkhiidl.— (tj)  Hp  is  enraged,  and  casts  her  into  a  dark  dungeon, 
and  takes  th«  six  sisters  as  his  wives.  BApkhid!  is  also  deprived  of  all  her 
clothes  and  jewellery.  For  food,  the  remains  of  &ih'  and  other  leavings  are 
thrown  to  her.  So  matters,  continue  for  several  years.— {14)  Meanwhile,  "  the 
hand  of  the  Almighty"  has  saved  her  three  chUdren,  and  they  grow  to  be 
from  ten  to  (ilteen  yean  old,  and  live  by  bq^png.  In  their  begging  excur- 
sions they  are  wont  to  say  ;  "  Brother  SSy£  from  under  the  jAyd  tree,  brother 
An-l'from  under  the  iSiiid  tree,  sister  Dcukil  from  the  church,  the  king*  of 
this  conntry  is  mad ;  he  married  seven  wives ;  he  is  our  father."  From 
house  to  house  they  go,  repeating  these  words,  and  at  last  teach  the  palace 
The  prince  hears,  but  cannot  understand,  and  bids  them  repeat  the  word* 
over  and  over  again  several  times  ;  then  he  tells  one  of  the  six  sisters  to  give 
them  something  in  atm^.  The  sisters  conclude  who  the  children  must  be, 
bat  pretend  not  to  know,  and  one  of  them  offera  alms.  But  children  refuse 
10  take  any.  E^h  of  thtf  sisters  in  turn  offers  something ;  but  children  will 
lake  nothing  at  their  hands.— (15)  Prince  is  puitled,  and  asks  them  tor  an 
explanation,  whereupon  children  say  :  "  Let  your  seventh  wife,  who  is  in  the 
dungeon,  come  out.  Place  seven  curtains  between  her  and  us,  and  watch 
what  happens.  Then  you  will  come  to  know  everything."  BSpkhfidI  is 
brought  forth,  and  seven  curtains  are  placed  between  her  and  her  children. 
Three  streams  of  milk  burst  from  her  breasts,  and,  penetrating  the  seven 
corlains,  run  into  the  children's  mouths.  Prince  is  astounded,  and,  at  length, 
makes  sisters  explain  by  revealing  the  whole  story.  Then  he  embraces  the 
children,  and  also  Bapkhidi,  asking  her  why  she  did  not  tetl  this  story  iong 
ago.     She  replies  that,  her  cye«  being  bandaged,  she  knew  nothing ;  hence 


'  A  broom  made  out  of  the  reeds  of  the  cocoanul  palm-leaf.  It  is  ordinarily 
known  as  the  "  Goa  broom". 

''  A  mM'ilt  is  another  sort  of  broom  made  of  the  date  palm-leaf. 

'  It  should  be  remembered  that  the  Salsette  Christians  are  fish-eaters. 
They  very  seldom  eat  meat,  except,  perhaps,  on  Sundays  tukd  feast-daji. 

*  By  "  the  king"  is  here  meant  "  the  prince"  of  the  U 


a64 


CINDKREr.LA   VARIANTS. 


her  silence. — (l6)  Prince  orders  children  to  be  bathed  and  handsomely  clad. 
BapkhSdl  is  restored  to  her  fonner  position,  and  again  clothed  and  covered 
with  jewellery.— {17)  The  six  sisters  are  despoiled  of  all.  Prince  has  thdr 
hnir  and  noics  cot  oH,  and  they  are  then  seated  od  donkeys,  and  baaUhed 
frorn  ihe  couniry.  The  donkeys  gallop  on  for  several  honrs,  when  sisters  saj : 
"Donkey,  donkey,  which  way?"  Donkeys  reply :  "On,  on;  for  yotir 
wrongs  we  have  to  suffer  '."  Prince,  and  his  wife  and  children,  live  happily  to 
very  old  age.     He  sacceeds  his  father  as  kil^. 


S19    Ips^vieh  Journal,   "Suflbtk  Notes   and  Queries."     Reprinted  in    ■ 
Longman's    Magazine,    February    1889,    p.    441.      (Told   by 
a  Suffolk  nurse  to  "  A.  W.  T.") 

"Cap  o'  Rushks." 

(I)  Rich  mui  asks  his  three  daughters  how  much  they  love  him,  ¥ 
"As  my  lift";  second,  "Better  than  all  the  world";  third  says,  "Ai  fresh 
meal  loves  salt,"  Last  answer  angers  father,  who  drives  youngest  daughter 
rrom  home. — (1)  Slie  comes  10  fen,  gathers  rushes  and  makes  cloak,  which 
covers  her  from  head  to  foot,  hiding  her  clothes.  Inquires  at  house  if  maid  is 
wanted  there ;  she  asks  no  wages,  and  will  do  sny  kind  ol  work.  Is  engaged 
to  wash  pots  and  pans,  and  is  called  Cap  o'  Rushes. — (3]  Dance  is  given  in 
neighbourhood,  and  servants  go  to  look  on.  C.  feigns  fatigue,  and  remains 
behind.  When  other  servants  have  started,  C.  doffs  di^uise  and  goes  to  bill ; 
ber  master's  son  falls  in  love  with  her,  and  dances  with  her.  She  slips  home 
before  other  servants,  puis  on  disguise,  and  pretends  to  be  asleep.  Next  day 
they  teU  her  of  beautiful  lady  who  so  attracted  young  master.  Next  night 
there  is  another  dince.  C.  ag^in  pleads  fatigue,  but  afterwards  goes  as 
before,  and  dances  with  young  master.  Relums  home  before  other  servants, 
and  gets  to  bed.  Next  day  they  tell  her  what  she  miised  ieeine.~(4)  Same 
thing  happens  a  third  lime  ;  young  master  gives  ring  to  C,  saying  if  he  dots 
not  see  her  again  he  will  die.  He  tries  in  vain  to  lind  out  what  becomes  of 
her.— (s)  At  last  grows  ill,  and  has  to  keep  his  bed.  Cook  is  ordered  to 
make  gruel  for  him  ;  C.  comes  in,  begs  to  be  alloweil  to  do  il,  and  slips  ring 
into  it.  Voung  master  finds  ring  and  sends  for  cook,  who  at  last  confesses 
that  C.  made  gruel.  C.  is  fetched,  b  questioned  about  ring,  and  finally 
throws  aside  her  disguise. — (6)  ^'oung  master  recovers,  and  marries  C.  }ler 
father  is  invited  to  wedding,  but  no  one  knows  who  C.  i.s.  She  tells  cook  to 
dress  all  dishes  without  salt.  Guesl.c  cannot  eal  Ihe  tasteless  hire. — (7)  C.'i 
father,  after  trying  eveiy  dish,  bursts  into  tears,  explaining  that  be  once 
drove  his  daughter  from  home  for  saying  that  she  loved  him  as  much  as 
fresh  meal  loves  ^t,  and  she  may  be  dead  \»j  now.  C.  laakes  horKlf  J 
known. 


IVE,  Dr.  Antonio,  Saggi  di  DiaUtto  Jiovigntsi.     Trieste,  1888.    52  1 
Pp.  54-58.     (Narrated  by  Maria  Puschia,  aged  twenty-one.) 

"  El  Pumo  of.  Uoro  e  la  Con^.*^ienara"  (The  Golden  Apple 
and  the  Cinder-Girl). 

(I)  A  vomin  bsE  two  daughter;  it  indulgenl  to  tbe  elder,  but  ill-li 
the  younger,  who  mast  stay  always  by  the  fire,  and  is  called  CoD^a^ieQiiTa. 
One  day  mother  and  elder  daughter  go  out. — (z)  Mother  gives  heroine  two 
poBodx  of  wool  to  spin,  uying  ibe  will  be  beaten  i(  it  is  not  done.  Heroine 
god  lo  goat  in  the  tlable,  and  says  she  is  in  despair,  for  mother  has  given  hei 
two  poanili  of  wool  to  spin,  and  she  knows  not  how.  "  Don't  despair,"  nyi 
■he  goat ;  "pat  it  on  my  hom(.  I  will  spin  it  for  you."  Heroine  takei  the 
spun  wool  to  her  mother,  who  oeit  da;  gives  her  three  pounds.  Goat  again 
Kpins  wool,  and  heroine  takes  it  home  rejoicing.  "  Jost  look,  mother  !  I  have 
upon  this  loo."  Bui  sisler  says,  "  Don't  believe  her,  molher  ;  il  was  the  goat 
thai  spun  it." — (3)  Mother  is  very  angry,  and  revives  to  kill  the  goat- 
Hetinne  goes  10  tell  iL  "  Let  her  kill  me.  Vou  take  my  entrails  {Irttfa)  sod 
wash  them  by  the  sea-sliore.  A  golden  apple  will  fait  out.  Put  it  in  jour 
pocket  and  go  home."  Goat  is  slain,  and  heroine  does  as  bidden.  Sister 
lells  mother  that  slie  has  leen  heroine  wash  ihc  enlraih  and  pul  the  apple  in 
her  pocket.  The  apple  is  thrown  on  to  rbe  dust -heap.— (4)  In  the  evening 
molher  and  elder  sister  go  lo  the  theatre,  telling  heroine  to  bide  at  home  and 
lend  fire.     When  they  have  started,  gaily  dressed,  heroine  goes  to  the  apple 

"  Apple-tree,  beautiful  apple-tree,' 
Despoil  your  branches  now  for  me  ; 
Make  me  a  lady  fair  to  see  ; 
Dttm  me  as  splendidly  as  can  t>e." 

And  out  of  the  apple  springs  the  most  lovely  dress.  She  dons  it  and  goes  to 
the  theatre  ;  mother  does  not  recognise  her.  Everyone  wants  to  dance  with 
her.  because  she  is  so  lovely.  When  the  dance  is  over  she  slips  away  un- 
noticed. One  of  the  gentlemen  runs  after  her,  but  cannot  calch  her.  She 
goes  to  the  apple  and  says : 

"  Apple-tree,  beautiful  applc-trec. 
Despoil  the  lady  fair  to  see ; 
Deck  your  brandies  instead  of  mc," 

and  is  dressed  as  she  was  before.  Mother  returns,  and  talks  about  the  lovely 
lady  with  whom  all  wanted  to  dance.     Hcrobe  remarks,  "  Perhaps  I  vroa 


'  Tlut   u   the  only  allusiop   to  a   Brce  having   spnmg  from   the  gold 


1 


a66  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

there  myself,"  and  is  launted  wiih  being  always  by  the  fire  instead. ^(S)  Neil 
evening  all  happens  as  berote.    Heroine  says  lo  apple  ; 
"  Apple-tree,  beautiful  apple-tree. 

Despoil  your  branches  now  for  me  ; 

Make  me  a  Udy  fair  (o  see  ; 

Fairer  than  yesterday  lei  me  be," 

and  a  still  finer  dress  springi  out.  Sijler  calls  mother's  attention  to  lovely 
iady  at  ball.  A\  soon  as  the  dance  Is  finished  heroine  runs  away.  Gentle- 
man runs  behind  hei,  but  drops  his  stick  ;  whilst  he  stoops  lo  pick  il  up  she 
nuhes  home  and  says  some  words  lo  apple.  Mother  returns,  and  talks  at 
ihe  lovely  lady,  who  looked  still  more  beautiful  than  fonneily,  and  again 
launts  heroine  wiih  having  seen  nothing.  Heroine  says,  "  Pcrhapt  1  wa* 
there  myself.'' — 16)  Next  night  everything  Ihe  same.  Heroine  sayi  lame 
verse  as  on  first  night,  and  gets  the  moat  rptendid  dress  of  all.  She  leaves 
directly  dance  is  finished,  and,  in  her  haste  to  escape  gentleman  who  follows 
her,  she  drops  a  shoe  as  she  runi  downstAir!;  She  says  same  words  to  apple, 
and  is  clad  as  before,  and  sits  by  lire.  Mother  returns  with  same  (aunt. — (7) 
Meanwhile,  the  gentleman  who  picked  up  shoe  goes  about  crying,  "Who 
has  lost  a  shoe?"  Elder  sitter  goes  lo  balcony  to  see  who  calls,  and,  on 
being  asked,  tells  gentleman  she  has  lost  shoe.  She  tries  to  get  il  on,  but  jt 
is  loo  small.  "  Wail,  whilst  I  go  and  put  on  my  thin  stockings,"  ihc  s»ft  j 
but,  instead  of  doing  so,  she  chops  off  her  toes.  Still  the  shoe  does  not  fii. 
Genllemin  asks  if  she  has  not  a  sister,  and  she  says  No.--(S)  But  he  goes 
inside  and  finds  her,  and  says,  "  Lady,  have  yon  lost  a  shoe  ?"  Heroine  puts 
it  on,  and  it  Gls  her  perfectly,  whereat  sister  is  very  angry.  He  laya  he  will 
marry  heroine.  She  goes  lo  apple  and  says  some  verse  as  at  firat,  and  is 
made  more  splendid  than  on  any  former  occasion,  but  is  without  one  shoe. 
She  returns  lo  the  house,  and  sisler  exclaims  at  her  loveliness.  Gentleman 
give;  her  the  shoe  ;  she  puts  il  on,  and  he  lakes  her  lo  hi;  palace. 


I 


I  63  Jahrhuch  fiir  romanisehe  und  tnglische  LiUratur.  Leipzig,  1870. 
Vol.  xi,  pp.  354-57.  Cypn'sc/ie  M&rehe»,  by  Felix  Liebrecht. 
(Translated  into  German  from  third  volume  of  Krur/tiaicti,  by 

Athanasios  Sakellarios.) 

"  ASCHENBRODEL." 

(i)  Old  woman  has  three  daughters.  She  loves  the  yonngeil  most ;  lbs 
other  two,  being  jealous,  try  lo  get  rid  of  mother  by  some  meana.  They  go 
together  on  to  the  roof  of  the  house,  taking  (heir  spindles :  Ihe  first  to  break 
her  thread  is  to  be  eaten  by  the  other*.  Mother  it  old  and  weak,  and  it  i« 
her  thread  that  breaks.  She  begs  for  one  more  chance,  but  her  thread 
breaks  once  more,  and  again  a  third  time.  Then  elder  daughters  seiie  her ; 
and,  seeing  they  are  in  earnest  this  lime,  mother  calls  youngesi,  and  bids  her 
collect  all  her  bones  when  sisters  kill  and  eat  her,  put  them  in  a  vessel  and 


JAHRBUCH. — JANSON. 


tmoke  them  for  forty  diyi  and  forty  nighu,  wiLhout  lofiog  light  of  tliem  for 
one  moment ;  then  open  the  Tessel,  and  see  what  his  happened  to  them. 
Heroine  weepi,  and  promuw  to  do  mother's  bidding. — (a)  Sisters  kill  and 
cM  mother,  itiTiting  heroine  to  ihaie  the  feast,  which  she  declines  to  do- 
Then  she  coUccia  bone*  unknown  lo  sisters,  mikei  big  tire,  and  siti  day  and 
night  watching  them  being  smoked.  Sisters  cannot  pcrauade  her  to  leave 
fiiaide  and  go  ont.  When  forty  days  are  over,  and  listen  are  out,  her^ne 
opens  veuel  and  lindi  bonc!^  have  turned  10  gold  and  diamonds. — (3)  Sisters 
are  invited  to  a  wedding,  and  ask  heroine  la  accompany  them.  She  declines ; 
bull  "  *""''  *^  '''^  have  started,  she  opens  vessel,  takes  out  beautiful  dress, 
and  hies  to  the  wedding.  No  one  knows  hec  ;  prince  is  much  struck,  and 
•itempis  to  follow  her  home.  In  her  haste  to  escape  she  loses  a  shoe,  and 
canool  wait  lo  pick  it  up.— (4)  Prince  lakes  it  and  sends  for  a  pedlat.womui, 
who  is  to  take  shoe  from  hoose  to  house  and  try  it  on  everyone.  In  this  way 
the  comes  at  length  to  the  throe  sisters.  Elder  sisters  try  it  in  vain,  then 
heroine,  whom  it  fits  perfectly. — (S)  Old  woman  goes  straightway  to  Cell 
prince,  who  makel  preparations  for  weddirvg  without  delay. — (6)  Immediately 
after  ceremony,  bride  takes  two  or  three  servants  from  paUce  lo  letch 
contents  of  vessel.  Sisters  marvel  at  sight  of  wealth  therein,  and  ask  where 
sbe  got  ll.  "  Theae  are  our  mother's  bones,  and  her  blessing."  Then  she 
givei  them  a  share,  and  takes  remainder  to  palace. 


Kkistofer  Janson,  Fnlkt'Eventyr,  uppskrivne  i  Sandeherad. 
Kristiania,  1878.     No.  Ill,  p.  13.     (In  Norse  dialect.) 


"  KONGSDOTTERl 


Haucen"  (King's  Daughter  in   the 
Mound). 


(I)  Heroine's  mother  dies,  and  the  king,  her  father,  marries  a  witch  with 
ant  daughter.  Stepmother  will  not  allow  heroine  to  marry  prince,  bat 
sends  her  far  away  into  forest  to  live  seven  years  in  underground  cave — (z) 
A  lime-tree  forces  its  roots  into  cave,  and  heroine  ties  gold  and  silver  thread 
round  them.  A  hone  chased  by  wolves  puts  a  leg  through  the  roof  of  cave ; 
a  wolf  following,  falls  through  the  hole  ;  heroine  lays  hold  of  wolfs  bristles  and 
ia  drawn  oat. — (3)  A  brown  horse  stands  without,  mounting  which  heroine  ridei 
t»caslle,  where  witch's  daughter  is  about  to  marry  prince-  Heroine  is  allowed 
lo  help  in  the  kitchen. — (4)  On  the  wedding-day  witch's  daughter  bean 
a  child  in  stable,  and  heroine  must  go  to  church  lo  represent  bride,  whose 
portrait  alone  prince  his  seen.  Amaied  at  heroine's  beauty,  prince  gives  her 
a  glove,  strictly  bidding  her  keep  it  herself,  Heroine  asks  for  her  own  horse 
to  ride,  and  says  to  prince,  "Note  carefully  what  I  say  to-day.'  When 
they  have  ridden  some  disunce,  ^he  jays  : 


\ 
I 

I 

289 

I 


26S  CINDERELU    VARIANTS. 

Prince  lislein,  wondering.     They  pass  the  lime-trw,  and  heroi 
'■  Thee,  lime-tree,  I  once  more  behold! 
Thy  roots  beneath  are  twined  with  gold." 

Reaching  the  cave,  ihe  adds ; 

"  Here  in  the  mound  fal\  seven  yan  long 
Did  no  one  ask  me  for  >  (ong ; 
And  then  a  hotse  I  foond  above. 


They  come  to  a  gitp  which  is  sUmminj;  to  and  fro,  aa  thai  none  can  pau ; 
bride  sap  : 

"  Stand  open,  gate, 

Handsome  and  fair ; 

King  Finn,  mj  father, 

Placed  Ihee  there." 

— Is)  When  they  return  home,  the  witch's  danghter  is  arrsjted  as  biiJe,  and 
heroine  goes  into  the  kitchen.  Prince  asks  bride  for  the  glove.  She  sajs  she 
has  forgotten  it,  and  goes  into  kitchen  to  get  it ;  but  heroine  will  00I7  gi*c  it 
up  to  prince.  Witch's  daughter  is  10  walk  in  front,  and  heroine  is  to  stretch 
out  her  gloved  hand  from  behind  her.— (6)  But  prince  holds  ibe  hand  btt, 
and  will  not  release  il. — [7)  He  marries  heroine,  and  witch  and  her  danghter 
are  driven  to  the  forest  and  thrown  into  the  cave. 


^290    ].  )s.\M-p,  Danske  Folkftr^vntyr.     1879.     P.  34.    No.  III.    (From 

Sealanti.) 

"  KoNCEDATTEREN  I  Hojen"  (The  King's  Daughter  in  the 

Hill). 

(1)  Old  king,  having  only  daughter,  Sandinc,  adopts  a  nephew,  Henry,  to 

"uccecd  him,  and  to  marry  Sandine.    They  ^wear  eternal  love.     A  wicked 

5orcereas  entices  old  king  lo  marry  her.    War  breaks  out;  oM  king  dies, 

declaring  Henry  his  successor. — (z)  Wicked  iiueen  and  her  daughter  Lanrette 

plot  to  get  rid  of  Ssndine.    They  dig  a  chamber  in  a  mound,  entice  Sandine 

with  her  seven  faithful  maidens  lo  driTe  lo  see  it,  and  when  they  have  entered 

chamber,  slim  the  door  behind  them,  burying  them  alive.     One  of  the  servants 

had  thrown  some  victuals  into  moond  before  they  entered.     Later  on  a  wolf 

scrapes  a  hole  into  the  chamber,  and  brings  them  daily  a  large  piece  of  meat. 

One  of  the  girii  dies  every  year,  and  is  buried  beneath  the  chamber- floor.— 

( jl  When  seven  years  have  pa.<tsn).  heroine  digs  herself  out  with  her  knife,  the 

wolf  helping  her  by  scratching  from  outside.     When  set  free  she  faints,  and  b 

carried  by  wolf  deep  into  the  wood.— (4)  Ragged  and  helpless,  the  i^  here 


KAMP.  269 

W  dUkTCoil- burner's  wire,  who  Euccoura  her.— (5)  Then,  catling 
henelf  Mario,  she  eoes  to  castle,  where  ibtj  are  wanting  spinning-maid,  and 
gels  engiged  as  such.  Henry,  on  returning  Trom  war,  bu  been  told  thai 
Sandine  had  died  ;  and  her  grave  in  churchyard  is  shown.  Lauretle  tries  to 
eninorc  him,  and  at  length  their  marriage  is  arranged.  The  spinning-maid 
works  in  castle,  and  presently  becomes  seamstress.— (6)  As  wedding-day 
■ppriwchc&,  king  wants  Laurette  to  do  some  work  to  prove  her  ability.  First, 
she  most  weave.  She  cannot ;  heroine  docs  work  for  her,  exchanging  dresses 
with  her  before  doing  last  yard,  the  blinds  being  drawn  ;  for  king  wishes  to 
SM  bride  bnishing  work.  Secondly,  Laurette  must  hem  a  shirt,  and  king  will 
aee  her  sew  the  last  letters  of  his  name.  Again  Sandine  does  the  work,  sitting 
fur  the  last  hour  In  Laurette's  dress  in  a  dim  room.  Thirdly,  she  must  show 
her  hoisemanihip,  and,  being  unable  to  ride,  she  persuades  heroine  to  wear 
her  dress  and  take  her  place,  being  closely  veiled,  on  the  plea  that  the  sharp 
wind  hurts  bet  eyes.    Sandine  rides  with  king,  who  is  charmed  with  her. — 

(7)  The  night  before  the  wedding.  Lantelte,  bnng  ill,  sends  foi  heroine  to  take 
her  place.  Sandine  consents,  but,  lying  awake  thai  night,  tUnks  sorrowfully 
on  her  love  whose  biide  she  will  be,  but  who  will  never  be  her  husband. 
Suddenly  the  hears  a  cuckoo  outside  her  window,  and  asks  what  it  lays : 

"  Do  you  guess,  do  you  guess, 
What  Laurette  carries  'neath  her  dress  f 

(8)  Neat  morning,  dressed  as  bride,  herobe  accompanies  king  to  church. 
The  cuckoo  sits  in  a  tree,  calling.  "  Why  do  yon  sing,  my  cuckoo  ?"  says 
hercnnc.     Cuckoo  answers  : 

"  To  go  to  church  she  11  not  able. 
The  wicked  bride  sits  in  the  stable ; 
She  leaves  her  new-born  babe  in  danger. 
Setting  it  down  beneath  the  manger." 

King  asks  iriiat  she  is  saying.     "  I  said  nothing,  most  t^adous  sir '."    When 

she  dcKries  the  mound,  heroine  whispers: 

"  Desert  drear!  oh,  desert  drear  ! 
Seven  hapless  maids  lie  buried  here- 
in darkness  we  lingered,  and  none  save  I 
Lived  to  behold  again  the  sky." 

She  is  again  asked  what  she  says.  They  pass  a  pond  where  a  duck  and 
•,  drake  are  lying  with  their  ducklings.     Heroine  says ; 

"  Vou,  duck,  may  live  happily  with  your  male  ; 
But  I  return  home  to  be  desolate  !" 
a  ftom  king,  same  answer.     As  ibey  enter  the  church,  heroine 

"  This  beautiful  church  did  my  father  rear  1 
Sandine  was  to  stand  at  the  altar  here. 
Henry,  the  name  of  my  bridegroom  dear  ; 
Ah,  thai  he  ever,  as  now,  might,  be  near !" 


27° 


CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 


Same  question,  tame  answer.  They  *re  nurried,  and  king  puts  gold  nng  on 
her  finger.^g}  They  return,  and  heroine  changes  dress  wiih  Laurette,  who 
in  the  eveoing,  while  dancing  with  king,  it  asked  what  she  had  said  to  cuckoo, 
etc.,  etc  She  makes  excuses,  and  every  time  must  go  to  question  Maria  the 
seamstress.  At  last  king  takes  Laurette's  hand  and  asks  where  ling  is.  Sandine 
will  not  give  this  up.  Latirelte  tries  to  get  it  by  force,  and  while  they  are 
struggling  backwards  and  forwards,  king  appears,  recognises  Saudine,  whom 
he  had  believed  dead,  and  claims  her. — (lo)  The  wicked  queen  and  Lturette 
are  rolled  to  death  in  a  barrel  stuck  with  nails. 


|169    VUK  Karajich,  &ri*i'ii« /y>/*-W«.     Berlin,  1854.     No.  XXVIII. 
(Translated  into  German  by  Wilhelmine  Karajich.) 

How  AN  Emperor's  Daughter  was  Turned  into  a 
Lamb. 

(l)  Emperor's  dying  wife  gives  him  a  ring,  enjoining  him  to  nuiny  no  one 
whose  left  foTeliDger  it  will  not  exactly  til,  lest  evil  bebll  him.  After  her 
death,  messengers  search  the  kingdom  in  vain,  and  afterwards  the  entire 
world,  but  no  one  is  found  whom  ring  will  fit.  In  despair,  empeior  Sings 
ring  away ;  it  bounds  from  (he  ground  into  daughter's  lap.  ^he  putt  it  on 
forelinger,  and  shows  how  exactly  it  lili.  Father  is  stmck  dumb,  and  when 
daughter's  tending  restores  him,  he  tells  her  of  vow.— {l}  She  at  lirst  thinks 
him  oat  of  his  mind,  but,  convinced  to  the  contrary,  she  resolves  to  di^  seizes 
a  knife,  and  slabs  herself  through  the  heart.— (3)  Father  sends  for  enchan- 
tress, who  bids  him  stand  at  daughter's  head,  and  blow  his  flute  from  dawa 
till  eve.  Emperor  obeys,  and  has  scarce  begun  to  blow,  when  daughter  standi 
up.  He  then  makes  preparations  for  wedding  on  the  morrow.  — (4)  Daugh- 
ter hearing  this,  seiies  (ather'i  sword  and  cuts  oiT  left  hand,  then  bums  right 
hand  in  lire.  Next  momiQg,  whca  all  is  ready  for  wedding,  servant  tells 
emperor  he  has  seen  daughter  handless. — [5)  Emperor  rushes  to  see,  then 
sends  for  enchantress,  who  gives  him  a  herb,  and  scarcely  has  he  touched 
stumps  with  it  when  hands  grow  as  before. — (6}  He  guards  her,  lest  she  do 
herself  further  injury;  and,  as  she  paces  through  the  rooms,  she  sees  in  a 
comer  of  the  house  a  wand  of  pure  gold,  on  which  is  written  in  letters  of 
blood,  "  Touch  roe  not."  Full  of  curiosity,  she  takes  sUff  in  her  hand,  and  is 
instantly  transformed  into  a  lamb,  and  runs  bleating  through  castle.  Emperor 
is  told,  and  sends  again  for  enchantress,  who  confesses  ^e  can  do  nothing. 
He  consults  several  other  wise  women,  but  they  cannot  remove  spell,  and  to 
emperor  remains  unmarried.  The  lamb  is  always  with  him,  and  is  petted 
and  loved.     At  his  death  the  lamb  dies  too. 


(l)  Maidciu  who 
bearded    tnui    wirn; 


Ibid.     No.  XXXn. 

"  ASCHENZUTTEL." 


e  tending  caCUc  «(  ipioning  round  a  pit.     Old  while- 


:   should   drop  her  spindle  ii 


They  move  m 
.tally  let 


□  pit  in  Iheir 


mothet  would  be  transfocmed 
cnriosity  to  look  over,  and  youngeit  muden 
tMctung  home,  she  linds  her  mother  is  a.  cow.  Heroini 
diira  it  dai!)'  to  pasture  with  others.^[i)  Some  time  after  this  her  father 
nuuriet  widow  with  one  daughter.  Stepmother  itl-treaU  heroine,  who  is 
more  beautiful  than  her  own  daughter,  and  makes  her  a  drudge.  One 
moniiiig  she  gives  her  a  whole  sackful  of  llai  lo  spin  and  wind  into  a  ball  by 
evening,  at  not  venture  home.  Heroine  spins  all  the  while  as  she  followi 
mtle,  but  at  mid-day  weeps  in  despair  at  Utile  progress.  Cow,  her  mother, 
comfoni  her,  raying  she  will  chew  the  flu,  then  a  Ihteid  will  come  out  at  her 
car,  which  heroine  can  wind  into  ball.  So  it  happens.  When  heroine  takes 
large  ball  of  wool  to  stepmother  she  is  astonished,  and  gives  still  more  flax  to 
be  spun  next  day. — (3)  When  this  is  also  done,  she  gives  heroine  more  again 
third  day,  and  sends  stepsister  secretly  to  spy  who  helps  her. — [4)  Then  step- 
molher  persuades  bther  to  stay  cow.  Heroine  is  in  great  distress  at  this, 
but  cow  comrons  her,  and  bids  hei  eat  noBe  of  the  flesh,  but  collect  all  bones 
and  bury  them  under  a  certain  stone  behind  house,  and,  when  In  trouble  or 
need,  10  come  to  grave  for  help.  This  is  done.  Heroine's  name  is  Mara, 
bat,  because  she  has  to  do  all  (he  dirty  work  of  the  house  and  hearth,  the  is 
nicknamed  Aschenzuttel.— (5)  One  Sunday,  before  going  to  church  with  her 
own  daughter,  stepmother  scaltets  la:je  bowl  of  millet  all  over  the  house, 
and  threatens  heroine  if  she  has  not  collected  it  all  and  cooked  dinner  by 
their  return.  Heroine  weeps,  and  goes  to  mother's  gntve.  There  she  sees 
large  chest  full  of  costly  dresses,  and  two  white  doves  perched  on  lid  tell  her 
to  choose  dress  and  go  lo  church  whilst  they  perform  tasks.  Everyone  in 
church  is  astonished  at  her  beauty,  the  empeiot's  son  especially.  At  the  close 
of  service  heroine  hurries  home,  returns  dresses  to  grave,  when  they  vanish, 
•nd  hods  diimcr  ready  and  grain  sotted. — (6)  Meit  Sunday  stepmother 
acattos  still  more  millet,  and  all  happens  as  before:  and  also  on  third 
Sunday,  when  prince  follows  heroine  from  church  and  picks  up  shoe,  dropped 
inker  haste  to  escape.— (7)  Prince  goes  from  bouse  to  house  trying  sboe^ 
but  it  will  fit  none.  Stepmother  hides  heroine  under  trough  when  prince 
arrives,  and  says  she  has  no  daughter  besides  the  one  who  cannot  wear  shoe. 
Cock  flies  on  to  trough  and  cries  "Kickeriki,  the  maiden  is  under  this 
tmngb."  "  Devil  take  you '."  says  stepmother.— (8)  But  prince  raises  trough 
and  finds  heroine  in  same  clothes  she  wore  last  lime  at  church,  but  with  no 
•hoD  on  right  foot.     Prince  recognises  and  marries  her. 


I 
I 


Kknnldv,  Fimide    ^ior, 
Pp.  81.87. 


oj   Ireland.       1875. 


"Thl  Pkincess  in  thk  Cat-skins." 
(1)  A  quGCD  WHS  left  a  widow  with  one  daughter.  iShe  married  again,  and 
her  husband  Ul'lreaied  her,  and  she  died.  The  widower  Ihereupon  pcopoeed 
to  many  the  (laughter. — (I)  She  being  troubled  at  such  a  shocking  offer,  weni 
inio  the  paddock  where  her  filly  was  graiing.  The  fiily  lold  her  she  was  the 
fairy  that  watched  over  bee  ever  since  she  was  bom  ;  that  her  stepfather  was 
an  enchanter,  but  Ihat  she  could  biMe  him,  and  that  the  princess  was  to  say, 
in  reply  to  the  request,  tbat  she  most  first  have  a  dress  of  silk  and  silver 
thread  that  would  fit  into  a  walnut  shell.  The  procuiiii)'  of  this  dress^  kept 
the  enchanter  for  a  full  half'ycar,  and  when  he  brought  it,  the  princess  went  to 
consult  the  filly.  She  thereupon  asked  him  for  another  dress  of  silk  and  gold 
thread.  This  was  at  last  procured,  and  she  then  (having  previously  consulted 
the  filly)  demanded  a  dress  of  silk  thread  thick  with  diamonds  and  pearls,  no 
larger  than  the  head  of  a  minnikin-pin — "three  is  a  lucky  number,"  she  ex- 
claimed.— {3}  On  the  evening  this  came  home,  she  found  on  her  bed  adress 
of  cat.skins.  This  she  put  on,  and  taking  her  three  walnut-shells,  she  went 
to  the  filly,  who  was  ready  harnessed,  and  away  they  went.  They  stopped 
at  ihe  edge  of  a  wood,  where  the  princess  alighted,  and  slept  at  the  foot  o<  a 
tree,— (4)  She  woke  up  to  find  half  a  hundred  spotted  hounds  yellbg  like 
veiigeaocc.  A  fine  young  hunter  leaped  over  Iheir  heads,  and  kept  them  at 
bay,  and  then  came  to  the  princess.  Although  disguised  in  her  cat-skins,  and 
her  face  and  hands  brown  as  a  berry  from  a  wash  she  had  put  on  herself  he 
was  sinicfc  with  her  beauty,  and  led  bet  to  his  palace,  for  he  was  the  young 
king  of  that  country. — (5)  He  lold  his  housekeeper  to  employ  the  young  girl. 
tihe  went  into  the  servants' 'hall,  and  resisted  all  attempts  al  familiarity  by  the 
other  servants,  keeping  to  herself  so  much  they  gave  her  the  office  of  helping 
the  scullery-maid.  The  next  day  the  young  king  sent  for  the  new  servant  to 
bring  him  a  basin  to  wash  in  and  a  towel,  and  Ihe  prince  delayed  her  with 
questions,  strivmg  to  ascertain  her  nink.  This  caused  jealousy  in  the  other 
servants,  and  Cat-skin  was  lold  to  do  everything  for  (hem. — (6)  Next  night 
the  prince  wa;.  at  a  ball,  and  the  princess,  getting  leave  to  retire  early,  bnt  not 
being  able  to  tet,  stepped  out  on  the  hiwn  to  get  air,  and  saw  her  lilly  under 
a  tree.  The  filly  told  her  to  uke  oat  her  first  walnut-shell,  and  "  hold  what's 
inside  over  your  head";  and  the  silk  and  silver  dress  imiuediately  fitted  on 
to  her.  She  then  mounted  the  filly  and  rode  to  the  ball.  The  gUlter  of  her 
robes  was  like  the  curling  of  a  stream  in  the  sun.  The  prince  fell  in  love 
with  her,  but  she  would  not  let  bim  see  her  borne,  but  only  help  her  in  the 
saddle.— I7l  Next  moroing  be  asked  that  Cat-skin  should  bring  him  hot  water 
and  towel  to  shave,  and  he  recognised  Itie  same  features  as  the  princess  al  the 
ball,  but  she  wouldn't  talk  beyond  "yes''and"no".— (8)Afteraweektherewu 
another  ball,  and  same  thing  took  pUce,  the  princesa  appearing  in  the  dress 
of  silk  and  gold  thread,  wilb  )^uld  crown  on  her  head.     The  prince  was  Dp 


KENNEDY.— KHUDVAI 


le  b«ntcrcd  h 


'■  273 

il  hii  IBJking  w  pleauntly, 
d  dressed  in  cal'ikin.  He 
declared  that  Ihe  girl  wu  very  much  like  the  princes,  except  for  her  brown 
tkin,  toi  the  princess  pretended  to  be  otkadfi,  and  declared  she  must  go. 
He  tried  to  moUiff  her,  but  she  only  said  if  she  foigave  him  she  would  come 
b]  the  neit  ball  wiihoul  invitation.  Arriving  home  safety,  she  took  the  upper 
hem  of  her  dress,  which  came  off  like  a  glove.— {9)  The  next  morning  he 
sent  for  Cat-skin  to  bring  up  a  needle  *nd  thread,  to  sew  a  botton  on  hjl 
sbiit-sleeve.  He  noticed  her  small  and  deliule  Rrgeis,  but  she  would  only 
reply  to  his  cbtervaiions  tlial  it  wasn't  proper  for  him  to  talk  so,  and  repeat  it 
to  princesses  and  great  ladies,— (lo)  The  third  night  came,  and  she  shook  the 
dreii  of  ti)k  and  pearls  and  diamonds  over,  and  Ihe  nicest  crown  of  the  same 
on  her  bead.  He  asked  her  at  ihe  ball  to  be  his  queen,  and  she  said  yes,  if 
he  would  not  ask  Cal.;kin  ihe  sameqmslion  next  day.  As  she  was  going,  he 
slipped  a  downy  Umber  ring  of  gold  upon  one  firger.  It  was  w  small  he 
ihoDghl  she  wouldn't  feel  it,  and  by  it  he  would  recognise  her  again. — (11) 
The  next  morning  he  sent  for  her  to  choose  a  suit  of  clolhts  (or  him,  as  be 
WIS  going  to  be  married.  Upon  bcr  asking  who  il  washe  was  going  to  marry, 
he  replied  it  was  herself.  She  had  promised  she  would  marry  him  if  be  knew 
ber  the  next  time  they  met.  This  was  the  next  time,  and  he  knew  her  by  his 
ring  on  her  foutih  finger.     She  asked  him  to  go  into  the  next  room  for  a 

II  minute,  and  then  appeared  in  her  dauling  dress  of  silk  and  jewels. — (11) 

I^B   Tbey  were  married  forthwith. 

w 


HUDVAKov,  Vtiikoruiikiya  Skazki  {Tales  of  Gt.  Russia).     Mos-    55 
i860.     Parti,  p.  51.     No.  XV,    (Noted  at  Kasan.) 


"Zamarashka"  {=  a  dirty  person). 
(1)  Merchant  hag  three  daughters;  ihc  youngest  is  stupid,  lie  is  going  to 
the  fair,  and  asks  what  gifts  he  shall  bring  ihem  ;  all  choose  dresses.  The 
youngest  is  always  by  the  itove,  inside  ihe  copper  for  washing  ihe  iinen. — {i) 
The  caar  gives  a  ball ;  heroine  stays  at  home.  Her  godmother  appears  to 
ber  {as  in  Perrauli),  and  a.sks  if  she  would  like  to  go  100.  She  dresses  like 
her  usters,  strikes  (be  table  with  her  wand,  causing  first  a  coachman,  then 
%  carriage  to  appear,  and  goes  to  ball,  where  sisLcrs  do  not  reeognise  her. 
Cxar  aAks  her  name,  btit  she  will  not  till  it.  At  eleven  o'clock  (gudmolber 
haa  said  nothiiig  about  midnight)  she  letums  home,  soils  her  face,  and  lits  in 
tlie  copper.— (3)  All  happens  the  same  next  day.  Zamarashka  is  dressed  in 
I  gold ;  her  ahoe  sticks  in   the  pilch. — (4J  Search  ii  made  for   the  owner. 


r  iQda  «i(i«ts  cut  off  tb«r 


IOCS. — (5)  Ciar  mairiei  henune. 


CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 


Md.,  Part  II,  p.  68.    No.  LIV. 
"  Perenovoe  Chudo"  (The  Wonder  of  VVonders). 


(t)  Old  mui's  wife  dies,  ■.fier  gi 


;,  iLad  paying  he  n 


!r  giving 

whomsoevei  it  fit^  He  wandera  &boat  ihe  world  wiih  i1,  but  it  fits  nobody. 
He  fetams  borne,  and  lays  it  on  the  window-iilL — (i)  His  daughter  puis  it  on 
her  finger,  and  shows  btber  that  it  fiti  her,  whereupon  he  says  he  must  many 
her.  She  objects,  but  in  the  end  ii  obliged  to  lubmit.— (3]  She  asks  father 
la  have  a  bedstead  made.  There  is  a  leccet  drawer  contrived  in  it,  into  which 
she  gets,  and  he  cannot  find  her.  The  bedstead  is  sold  lo  PHnce  Ivan,  who 
puts  it  in  bis  own  room.  Food  is  brought  to  the  prince,  and  when  he  leavet 
his  room,  heroine  comes  out  and  helps  heieelf  to  i'.  —(4)  On  one  occasion  he 
hides,  and  when  she  comes  out.  sufpiises  her.  He  clothes  her  in  the  drest 
which  is  called  "  The  Wonder  of  Wonders",  and  tells  his  mother  e»cry  time 
she  takes  food  to  give  some  to  the  girl. — (s)  Frioce  goes  out  hunting.  Hil 
mother  entirely  forgets  the  Wonder  of  Wonders,  and  she  is  left  standing  in  the 
comer  of  the  room.  Heroine  dofis  the  wonderful  dress,  and  runs  away. — (fi) 
She  comes  lo  an  oak  by  a  well,  and  climbs  up  it.  Hird  by  there  Uvea  a 
woman  who  makes  sacramental  wafers.  She  has  three  daughters,  and  she 
sends  the  eldest  to  draw  some  water.  The  girl  goes  lo  the  well,  and,  teemg 
the  reflection  of  heioine  in  the  water,'  eiclaims,  "  How  lovely  I  am  I  I 
shan't  fetch  water  any  longer,"  throws  down  the  bucket,  and  Fctumi.  Mother 
sends  second  daughter,  and  the  same  thing  happens.  Then  the  third  daughter 
is  sent,  and  she  returns  home. — (7)  After  that,  mother  hetselj  goes  lo  the  oak, 
and,  seeing  heroine,  bids  her  come  down.  Meanwhile,  Prince  Ivan  retnmi 
home,  and  finding  that  the  giil  bos  gone,  falls  ill  wtlh  grief. — (8)  As  soon  as 
heroine  hears  of  his  illness,  she  makes  him  a  wafer  with  an  impression  of  her 
ring  on  the  top  of  it.  Prince  eats  it,  and  feeling  much  belter,  asks  whence  il 
came,  and  sends  for  some  more. — (9)  They  bring  him  more,  and  he 
the  device,  and  aaks  for  the  ring  wiih  which  the  impression  wai  made,  then 
sends  for  the  person  to  whom  the  ring  belongs,  and  marries  ber. 


Uid.,  Part  11,  p.  70.     No.  LV. 
"Mashka  Soplivka"  (Mary  Ihe  Smuity-nosed). 
(I)  Queen  has  son  and  daughter.     Before  dying  she  gives  a  ring  to  son, 
says  he  most  mairy  whomsoever  it  fils.     He  travels  about  the  world  with 
vain,  and,  telurning  home,  lays  it  on  Ihe  wiDdow-ledge. — [1)  Sister  puta  it 
on,  and,  seeing  that  il  his  her,  biother  says  he  must  marry  her. — (j)  She  runs 
away,  and  gets  inside  a  hollow  oik-trec.     Some  gentleman*!  children  are 


( 


KHUDVA&OV. — KLETK.E. 


'IS 


Boyi  pull  her  oat,  uid  take  her  to  their  psrenti.  She  leaves  her  doIhcE-box 
inude  the  tree.  She  says  her  name  U  M»shka  Soplivka.  She  lives  there  with 
the  fuQilr.— (5)  One  day,  whea  the  muler  ii  going  to  a  feast,  heroine  aski 
him  to  take  her  with  him.  Instead  of  complying,  he  hiti  her  with  his  boot. 
As  tooQ  0*  he  has  slaned,  she  uks  permission  to  go  to  forest  to  gather  inu&b- 
toomi.  She  hies  to  the  hollow  tree,  gets  from  her  box  a  carriage  and  hones, 
and  drives  to  Ihc  ball,  where  the  will  only  speak  to  her  master.  He  asks  her 
name,  and  she  says  "  Boot".  Then  she  leaves,  returns  everyihing  to  tbc  boi 
in  the  tree,  Bod  brings  some  mashrooms  to  her  mistress. — (6)  Neil  day  roaster 
is  again  giHiig  to  ball,  and  Moshka  aski  him  to  take  her.  Al  that  moment  he 
is  wipine  hii  face  with  a  towel,  and  he  strikes  her  with  it.  >leroine  repairs  to 
the  forest  as  before  ;  and,  ithen  asked  her  natae,  says  "  Towel". — (7)  On  the 
ihiid  day,  when  Mashka  asks  nusler  to  lake  her,  he  is  standing  before  hi* 
lotiking-glass  ;  he  throws  it  at  her,  breaking  it  to  pieces.  Heroine  goes  with 
bis  child  to  the  ball,  haring  fetched  thingi  from  tree  as  before.  Wbea  asked 
her  name,  she  says  "  Looking-glass".  Child  inquires  what  kind  of  looking- 
glass,  and  heroine  says  the  same  as  his  blher  broke.  They  Tetom  to  the 
oak-tree. — (S)  Master's  son  marries  heroine. 

[AW.— In  No.  LXKX.m  iiiiil..  Part  ill,  p.  it),  C/ar,lbe  fore  dying,  gives 
son  a  ring,  and  bids  him  only  marry  one  whom  it  will  tit.  Prince  travels  in 
vain  quest  of  bride,  returns  home,  and  lays  ring  on  table.  Sister  fits  it  on, 
and  brother  says  he  must  mairy  her.  She  makes  him  build  her  a  house  on 
sea-coast,  and  thence  escapes  by  aid  of  fiihermaD,  who  conveys  her  across  the 
set.  She  dwells  in  hollow  tree  in  forest,  feeding  on  berries.  Herclothes  wear 
out,  and  she  is  at  length  succoured  by  some  old  women  who  are  gathering 


Dk.  H,  K.f,ErKE,  MUnhemaal.      Marchen  aller  Volker  fur  Jung    66  I 
und   Alt.     Berlin,    1845.    Vol.  i,  pp.    149-63.     (Taken  from 
d'Aulnoy.) 

"FlNKTTE  AsCHENBRODEL." 
|l)  King  and  queen,  reduced  to  poverty,  sell  by  degree*  all  their  pcs- 
Kssions,  and  determine  to  live  by  making  nets  for  catching  6sh  and  birds. 
Queen  insuils  they  must  get  rid  of  their  three  daughter;,  whom  they  cannot 
afford  to  keep.  King  lamcnls,— (i)  Voungcst  daughter,  tinettc,  overbears 
them  arranging  to  take  children  a  long  way  off  and  desert  them,  and  rui^s  10 
het  godmother,  the  faiiy  Merluscbe,  who  lives  in  a  dislanl  grotto.  She 
takes  butter,  eggs,  milk,  and  meal  lo  make  godmother  a  cake.  On  the  way 
she  is  very  tired,  and  sits  down  and  cries.  Horse  with  diamond  trappings 
bows  his  knees  before  her ;  carries  her  to  godmother,  whose  hajr  she  comba, 
and  from  whom  she  receives  ball  of  thread,  by  means  of  which  she  can  find 
way  home  when  mother  deserts  her,  alto  a  sackful  of  gokl  and  silver  clothes. 
Heroine  rides  home  on  magic  steed.  — [3)  Next  morning  mother  lakes  three 
daughters  a  long  way,  then  leaves  theoi  asleep  :  heroine  stays  awake.  Sisters 
Autci  her,  and  promise  gifts  if  she  will  lake  them  home.     Moih? r  iMnks  she 


CINtlERELLA 


sees  their  ghosts  when  they  n 


inland  to  heroine,  ii 


keeping  theii  promises. — (4)  All  happens  again  is  before.  This  time  god' 
mother  gives  heroine  sacit  of  ashes  with  which  to  make  trail,  and  lelts  her 
not  lo  bring  sister?  home  wilh  her  ;  but  she  docs  so. — (J)  Having  disobeyed. 
heroine  does  not  like  to  visit  godmother  sgaio.  Elder  sisters  fiit  their 
pockets  with  grain  to  make  trail,  and  are  quite  contented.  Heroine  carries 
her  sack  of  clothes  and  diamonds.  Birds  eat  grain,  and  sisters  cannot  find 
way  home.^(6)  They  are  hungry,  and  want  to  eat  acorns  heroine  has  found, 
bat  she  plants  them  instead.  Oak-tree  grows ;  elder  sisters  try  to  mount  it, 
and  it  bends  to  the  gronnd  wilh  them.  Heroine  climbs  tree  frequently  lo 
spy.  Once,  meanwhile,  sisters  open  her  sack,  take  out  contents,  and  fill  it 
with  stones.  Another  day  heroine  deacriei  from  tree-top  a  lovely  house  with 
jewelled  walls,  Neil  night,  whilst  heroine  sleeps,  sisters  put  on  her  lovely 
dresses,  and  will  not  restore  ihem  to  her,  but  jeer  at  her. — (7)  They  set  out 
for  the  bouse,  knock  at  the  door,  which  is  opened  by  a  hideous  old  woman 
with  one  eye  in  the  middle  of  her  forehead.  She  is  fifteen  feet  high  and 
thirty  feet  round.  Her  husband  is  a  cannibal,  bnt  she  will  let  them  live  for 
three  days.  They  try  to  escape,  but  she  brings  Ihem  back,  and,  meaning  to 
keep  them  for  her  own  eating,  puts  them  under  a  ki^e  tub. —(8)  Her 
one-eyed  cannibal  husband  is  six  times  her  siie,  and  when  be  spe*ks  the 
house  trembles.  He  carries  basket  containing  fifteen  children,  whom  he 
devours  like  eggs.  Wife  persuades  him  lo  spare  three  sisters,  saying  she 
wants  them  as  servants.  Heroine  says  she  can  cook  :  makes  huge  tire,  putt 
butter  in  oven,  and  tells  cannibal  to  lick  it  with  his  tongue  to  test  il  oven  is 
hot  enough.  He  is  pushed  in,  and  burnt  to  dealh.^(g)  Heroine  lells 
giantess  that  proper  dressing  would  make  her  look  beautiful.  They  begin  to 
comb  her  hair,  and  heroine  chops  olT  her  head.  Sisters  rejoice.  They  find 
all  sorts  of  treasures  in  the  house. — [10)  Elder  sisters  go  to  ball,  leaving  heroine 
at  home  to  cook  and  scrub.  She  finds  litlle  gold  key  among  the  ashes,  trie* 
it  in  all  ihe  doors,  and  opens  little  chest  full  of  costly  dresses  and  lieasnres. 
Nat  day.  when  sisters  are  out,  she  dresses  in  theie  and  goes  to  ball.  Tells 
hostess  her  name  is  Aschenbrodet.  She  gels  home  before  sisters,  and,  when 
theytalk  of  Ihe  lovely  lady  at  the  ball,  she  murmurs,  "  That  was  I. "— [  ■  >  > 
This  happens  again  several  times,  till  one  day,  in  hurrying  home,  heroine 
loses  a  pearl -embroidered  shoe,  and  cannot  recover  it  in  the  darkncs!.  Neat 
day  il  is  found  by  prince  out  hunting,  who  preserves  it  lovingly,  and  (alU  ill : 
doctors  cannot  cure, — (11)  Prince  will  wed  only  one  who  can  wear  shoe. 
Many  try  ;  amongiit  them,  sjslers  go  to  palace.  Heroine  follows  Ihem, 
gorgeously  dressed,  and  riding  godmother's  magic  sleed,  which  she  has  found 
at  the  door.  Sisters  recognise  her  ai  she  overtakes  them  ;  they  get-  covered 
with  mud  and  dust.  Prince,  on  seeing  her,  feels  certain  shoe  will  lit  her. 
It  slips  on  her  foot,  and  he  claims  her  as  his  bride.— [13)  She  relates  her 
history,  and  it  is  found  that  her  father  was  foroier  possessor  of  this  throne. 
She  will  only  many  when  he  is  restored  to  it.  Sisters  are  kindly  received. 
Magic  steed  is  sent  to  bid  godmother  fittd  heroine's  parents,  who  are  resti 
to  Ihiir  kingdom.    Sisters  marry  princes. 


KtETKH. — KOLBERG.  aJ7 

Ibid.,  vol.  ii,  pp.  320-30.     No.  XXIV.     (Taken  from   Witwr 
Gesellschqfter,  by  An.  Schumacher.     Wien,  1833.) 

"  D'  Ganslhiaddarin." 
(The  original  of  Grimm's  version.  No,  218,  ^.  V.) 


tCoLBERG,  Lud.   Radomskie  (itie  People,  Province  of  Radom).    63^ 
Ctacow,  1887-1888.      2  vols.     Vol.  ii,  pp.   172-75.     (Taken 
down  at  Grocholice,  near  Opatfiw.) 

■'Kr6lewna  swi'nskI-kozuszek"  (The  Princess  with  the 
Pigskin-Cloak). 
(i)  Qaeen,  vho  U  very  boutirul,  has  a  atepdaughter  itill  more  lovely  than 
brtself.  The  minor  is  always  telling  her  bo,— (a)  Heroine  hsE  rooms  ind 
gorgeous  attire  in  an  oak-tree.  E»eiy  Sunday  she  decks  herself  and  goes  W 
church. — (3)  One  day  stepmother  mixes  sand  and  poppy-seeds  together,  and 
bids  heroine  separate  Ihem.  Two  pigeons  perTorm  task  whilst  heroine  goes  to 
chureb. — (4)  Same  tiling  happens  next  Sunday.— (5)  Qaeen  orders  servants 
(o  kill  heroine  in  forest,  and  bring  bock  her  heart  and  her  middle  finger  with 
ling  on  it.  Servants  kill  dog  instead,  and  lake  its  heart,  cut  the  linger  oR 
a  corpse  they  meet  with,  pat  princess's  ring  on  it,  and  return  to  qaeen. — (6) 
The  two  pigeons  appear,  give  heroine  a  bail  of  thread,  which  unwinds  of 
itielf  and  conducts  her  to  her  oak-tree.  She  enters  the  rooms  (which  belong 
to  the  Virgin)  and  prays.  Virgin  sends  her  lo  seek  service,— (7)  She  becomes 
swineherd,  and  clothes  herself  in  pigskin!^ — (8)  On  Sunday  she  dressei 
herself  gorgeously  in  the  oak-tree,  and  goes  to  church.  The  prince  is  puzzled 
•bout  the  unknown  beauty.  This  happens  three  timet. — (9)  The  prince  is 
passing  the  herds  of  twine,  and  drops  his  ring  ;  heroine  picks  it  up  and  hands 
it  him:  he  gives  her  a  box  on  the  ear  for  her  boldness.^io)  On  fourth 
Sonday  heroine's  shoe  it  caught  in  the  pitch.  Prince  is  again  paiung  the 
pigi,  and  loses  his  stick.  Heroine  picks  it  up,  and  receives  a  slap  on  the 
thoalders.— (1 1)  The  shoe  is  tried,  and  it  is  found  lo  belong  to  pigakingirl. 
Prince  kneels  before  her,  and  asks  whence  she  comci.  Once  she  replies, 
"From  the  ring,"  and  the  next  time  she  si^s,  "From  the  stick."— (13) 
Prince  marries  her. — (13)  Stepmother  asks  mirror  whether  there  ■*  any  woman 
inihe  world  more  lovelythan  herself.  Mirror  replies,  "Ves;  and  she  hai 
Just  been  married."     Queeu  fainte  with  vexation. 


57    O.  KoLBERo,  Lud.     KSeleclcie  (the  People,  Province  of  Kielce),  1 
1885-1886.     a  vols.     Vol.  ii,  |)p.  239-41. 

"The  Mysterious  Lady  of  the  Fir-Tree," 

(I)  Stepmolher  never  allows  heroine  to  go  lo  church. — {2)  Once,  whilst  I 

she  'ii  mbding  the  cattle  in  the  Torest,  1  lady  comra  out  of  a  fir-lree.'givei  her  I 

mignificent  clothes,  and  promises  to  mind  herd  whilst  «he  goes  10  church 

(3)  A  gentleman  is  greatly  sltuck  with  her,  but  >he  iwict  escapts  him 
throwing  behind  her  some  soip  and  threads,  which  produce  i  mist.     (The    I 
soap  had  been  given  her  by  ihe  fir-tree  \*Af,  who  is  probablji  ibe  Virgin.) — 

(4)  Genlleioan  caufes  tar  to  be  spread,  and  heroine  loses  a  thoe.  Search  Is 
mode  (or  heroine,  whom  stepmoiher  hides  on  «lable-roof.  Cock  betrajs  the 
lectet.  [Tlere  the  stoiy  branches  off  into  aaaiher  direclion,  probably  through 
confasion  with  some  other  talc] 


173   O.  KOLBERG,  Lud.     Kralcowski  (the  People,  Province  of  Cra- 
cow).    Vol.  iv,  pp.  56-60. 

"  Kr6lewna  Kocie  oczy"  (Princess  Cat's-eyes). 
(1)  Princess,  whose  father  seeks  her  in  marriage,  poiieueK  five  dresses: 
one  of  cat's-eyes;  a  second  liki  the  sky;  third  like  ihe  slats;  fonnh  like  the 
moon;  and  fifth  bke  ihe  sky  —(1)  She  lakes  service  with  king,  and  wears  in 
ordinary   the   cat's  eye  dress,   wherefore  she   is   called   Cat'i-eyes. — (3)  On    I 
Sundays  she  wears  the  other  dresses  to  church,  and  king's  son  falls  in  love 
vrilh  her.~(4)  He  has  search  made  for  her;  and,  when  he  falls  sick  Arom  love,    1 
she  brings  him  tood  and  make?  hcrsrtf  known.— (sl  He  marries  her.  1 


KoRNEL  KovLOWsKi,  Lud.     Warsaw,  1867.     No.  Ill,  pp,  300-4.   ' 
"Story  of  a  poor  Girl  who  became  Queen." 
(I)  A  cenain  woman  has  a  daoghter  and  a  slepdaughter.     She  takes  great    ' 
care  of  (be  former,  but  tll-treals  heroine,  making  her  lend  ihe  caltle,  aod 
keeping  her  very  short  of  food.— (1)  Amonpt  the  cattle  is  a  young  bull,  and 
wheneter  heroine  is  hungry,  she  cries  : 

"  UltJe  bull,  come  lo  me  I 
Open  I  oak-iree. 
On  1  hinge  of  gold," 

Whereupon  the  young  bull  rushes  to  the  oak-tree  and  begins  bulling  it.   Then 
the  iree  opens,  and  heroine  finds  inside  everything  she  wants. — (3)  Step- 


KOVLOWSKt. 


•J9 


I 

I 


h  (urpriMd  that  heroise  can  Yirr  without  food,  and  lendi  her 
uwn  diaghter  to  mind  the  cattle  in  order  to  mc  how  <he  wouM  muuge. 
Stcpiuier  hai  once  heard  hetoine  call  to  tiull,  and  therefore  does  the  same. 
Bat  imtead  of  buitine  the  oak  tree  bull  knocks  her  about  with  his  horns.  In  the 
e*eoiii£  ibe  drives  cattle  home,  and  bitterly  complaiiu  to  mother ;  whereupon 
nw'her  selli  bull  to  the  Jews  (butchers)  for  them  to  kill  binn.  — (4)  When 
heroine  bears  of  this  she  weeps  bitterly,  and  takes  the  bull  some  food  for  the 
tail  lime.  Wbm  bull  sees  bow  she  pities  him,  he  bids  her  cease  crying,  and 
adds,  "as  soon  as  the  Jews  have  killed  me,  ask  them  for  my  paunch,  wash  it 
carefully,  and  you  will  lind  somethin£."  Heroine  does  as  bidden,  and  finds  a 
goldenapple.  She  has  to  cross  some  stiles  on  her  way  home,  and  doiog  to, 
lets  fall  the  apple,  wbicb  is  lost  in  the  grass.  She  seeks  for  it  in  vain. — (5] 
On  the  following  day  she  comes  a|^in  to  the  spot  to  search  for  Ihe  apple,  and 
to  her  anutement  finds  s  heauliful  apple-tree  laden  with  apples.  She  takes 
some  to  eat  and  lives  on  ihem. — (6)  One  day  prince  is  pissing  by,  smel's  the 
apples,  and  orders  his  footman  tu  get  him  a  few.  Servant  cannot  pick  uty, 
for  each  time  he  tties,  apple-tree  and  apples  rise  up  out  of  reach.  He  repom 
to  prince,  who  says  it  is  impossible.  "  Let  Your  Royal  Highness  go  and  see  !** 
He  goes,  but  likewise  faiU  to  pick  apples.  Neat  the  tree  is  the  siepmoiho'i 
bat.  Prince  calls  for  someone  there  to  come  and  pick  bim  some  apples. 
Stepmother  immediately  dresses  her  own  daughter  as  tinely  as  possible,  and 
sends  her  la  prince.  When  she  tries  to  pick  the  apples,  up  goes  the  lite. 
Same  thing  happens  when  stepmother  tries,  whereupon  prince  says,  "  Is  there 
nobody  else  in  your  hut  ?"  "No,  Vonr  Highness,  only  a  pigskin  1"  Vnnce 
says  the  is  to  come  and  try  to  pluck  apples. — (7)  As  soon  >s  heroine  ap- 
proaches tree  it  comes  down,  its  boughs  descend,  and  she  picks  the  apples  for 
the  prince.  He  takes  heroine  by  the  buid,  puts  her  in  bis  carriage,  and 
drives  home.  The  apple-tree  leaves  the  ground  and  follows  carriage. — (S) 
Prince  marries  heroine,  and  they  have  a  child-  One  day  prince  goes  buntiag, 
and  heroine  ajki  leave  to  visit  her  stepmother.  When  siepmoihei  sees  her 
■he  begins  to  ask  what  sort  of  rooms  she  lives  in,  what  servants  she  has,  what 
dresses,  and  what  kind  of  cradle  for  tbc  child.  Having  lesrnt  these  par- 
ticolan  she  kills  heroine,  puts  her  clothes  on  her  own  daughter,  and  sends  her 
bock  to  the  king.  On  the  spot  wbeic  heroine  is  buried  the  apple-tree  plants 
itself  and  dies.— (9)  Some  time  afterwards  there  is  a  knocking  at  night  at  the 
palace  window,  and  a  voice  says — 
"  Cook,  cook  • 

Open  the  little  window  here 

That  I  may  suckle  my  baby  dear. 

Are  the  dogs  in  the  kitchen  asleep  alt  right  ? 

Is  my  spou-*  with  that  infamous  woman  to-night  T 

The  cook  answers  that  the  doga  are  asleep,  but  that  the  master  is  not  with  Ihe 
iham  wife.  Then  he  opens  the  window  and  sees  a  woman  enter,  take  the 
child  from  the  cradle  and  snckle  it.  On  the  second  night  tbe  same  thing 
Then  cook  reports  to  king. — (to)  Third  night  king  will  not 


i 


be^  bnt  Myi  to  cook :  "Get  under  tbe  chair;  as  s< 


li  yoo  bavc  opened  tl 


CINDERKI-L: 


VARIANTS. 


wmdow  and  she  ha^:  entered,  wiie  hold  of  her  plait  of  haii  and  twist  it ' 
your  wrist."  Cook  does  at  bidden,  and  when  he  bai  hec  by  the  plait,  he  calls 
out,  "Become  as  you  were  before."  Upon  this  the  woman  bej^ns  to  strogglc 
violently  to  gel  free,  then  turns  into  the  nioil  horrible  reptiles,  then  into  birds, 
then  into  cattle,  (hen  into  dogi,  in  short,  into  all  manner  of  horrible  shapes. 
AtUit  she  changes  into  her  original  self,  juil  as  she  wis  when  stepmother 
buried  her. — (ll)  Inquiries  6te  made  into  the  whole  matter  ;  the  judges  send 
for  stepmother,  and  a.tk  her  what  would  be  proper  punishment  for  ■  woman 
guilty  of  such  crimeE.'  She  siys  that  such  a  woman  should  be  torn  in  pieces 
by  iron  harrows,  and  her  daughter's  hands  should  be  cut  off.  This  sentence 
is  executed  upon  herself  and  her  daughter.     Heroine  h>ea  tor  ever  happy. 


JifW..  pp,  304-9,     Variant  of  the  foregoing. 

(i)  Heroine  has  to  spin  flait  and  mind  sheep,— (2)  In  the  Hock  'n  a  black 
lamh,  which  comes  up  to  her  every  day,  and  says,  "  Little  maiden,  give  me 
a  piece  of  bread -and-cheese,"  She  does  10,  and  for  this  he  spins  her  Qui  for 
her,  and  everything  goes  well  with  the  Bock.  In  the  evening,  heroine  is  able 
to  take  home  an  enormous  q  untity  of  spun  flax.— (3)  One  day  stepmother 
keeps  heroine  at  home,  and  sends  her  own  daughter  to  raind  the  flock.  She 
gives  her  lery  little  Rax  to  spin,  but  a  luge  portion  of  bread* and- cheese.  The 
black  limb  asks,  "  Give  me  a  piece  of  bread-and' cheese,  little  maiden." 
"  Certainly  not,"  siys  the  girl,  "  or  there  would  he  none  for  me."  The  hladi 
lamb  turns  away.  Suddenly  some  wolves  rush  out  of  the  forest,  kill  some  of 
■be  sheep,  and  drive  the  rest  away,  Only  the  black  lamb  remains.  Girl 
lakes  it  home,  and  asks  mother  lo  have  it  killed.— ((]  Following  day  step- 
sister refuses  lo  tend  black  lamb,  so  heroine  is  sent.  Stepmother  gives  her  a 
large  quantity  of  flax,  and  say;,  as  she  hai  only  one  sheep  lo  watch,  she  can 
do  the  more  spinning  She  gives  her  less  bread-and -cheese  than  usual.  When 
heroine  reaches  the  Reld,  she  bunts  out  crying.  Little  black  Iamb  ask*  why. 
"  Because  Ihey  are  going  to  kill  you."  "Oh,  don't  cry  :  When  they  have 
killed  me,  lake  my  paunch,  clean  it,  and  there  yoa  will  find  a  little  knife  and 
fork.  Slick  the  knife  in  one  window,  the  fotk  in  the  other."  "  Very  well," 
says  heroine.  Meanwhile,  all  the  sheep  that  were  yesterday  worried  by  the 
wolves  return — not  one  missing. — (5)  In  the  evening  heroine  lakes  them  all 
home  ;  ncvertheles),  stepmother  and  her  daughter  kiti  black  lamb.  Heroine 
does  as  directed.  Ends  knife  and  fork,  and  sticks  one  in  each  window.  Fol- 
lowing day  she  finds  an  apple-lree  in  one  window,  a  pear-tree  m  the  other. — 
(6)  Prince  passes,  and  wishes  to  buy  some  of  the  apples ;  his  footman  tells 
stepmother,  who  dresses  her  daughter  as  hnely  as  possible,  and  sends  her  to 
tbe  prince.  When  she  atlempu  lo  pick  the  apples,  they  all  rise  up  oul  of 
reach.  She  tries  lo  get  some  peais,  with  same  lesutl.— (7]  Meanwhile,  )tep- 
mother  puts  heiome  into  a  tub.    Suddenly  a  cock  flies  on  to  the  wall,  crying. 


1 

i 


K0VLOWSK1.— KRAUSfi. 


aSi 


■nkaricku  !  kukuricka  I  tbc  girl  irhiwe  appla  thoe  ^tt  u  under  tbe  tab." 
Prince  orden  ternnt  to  hod  girt,  kiul  she  b  brought  forwud.  She  pickithe 
wpplts  and  pears  quite  euiljr,  and  gi«et  them  to  prince,  but  will  not  accept 
the  money  he  proffers.— (S(  He  i»  so  sioitlen  with  her  beauly,  th»l  he  takes 
her  home  in  hji  cairiage.  The  two  treei  toUow  them.  Prince  maniei 
heroine.  They  have  a  golden-baired  son.— (9)  One  day,  during  prince'i 
nbeence,  heroine  visitB  stepmother.  As  soon  u  she  arrives,  stepsister  says, 
"  Come,  sister,  let  ut  go  for  a  walk."  She  stabs  heroine  in  the  tide  with  a 
bradawl,  and  dresses  hencK  in  heroine'a  clothes.  She  cannot  get  on  heroine's 
shoes.      Her   mother   lakes  a  knife  and   cuts  a  piece   off  her  heels,   then 


Neither  prince 
itinually.— (10)  One 


f 


forces  shoes  on.     Stepsiiter  takes  child,  and  goes  to  pali 
Dor  servants  are  aware  of  the  deceplion,  but  child  cries  coi 
evening  a  woman  comes  to  the  palace,  and  says  ; 
"  Cook,  cook  ! 

Are  you  with  that  wicked  wretch  ? 

Give  me  my  little  baby  boy. 

Thai  I  may  suckle  him." 

Cook  is  sn -prised,  but  iikis  child  lo  the  worom,  who  presently  says : 
"  Cook,  cook  ! 
Are  you  with  that  wicked  wretch  ? 
Take  away  my  baby  boy, 
For  I  have  suckl^  him." 

Cook  retains  child  to  cr^le,  and  it  is  immediately  quiet,  and  goes  to  sleep. 
Prince  hean  nothing  at  night,  because  his  supposed  wife  always  covers  him 
over  with  a  pal!. — (ii)  Bui  couk  tells  him  all  that  his  happened,  and  prince 
■ays  that  as  soon  as  ihe  woman  cornel  again,  cook  must  come  and  pull  the  poll 
off  him.  Somebody  is  to  hide  in  a  banet  close  to  the  window,  and  directly 
the  mother  has  sockldd  the  child,  and  is  about  to  depart,  Ihey  must  seize  he 
•nd  drag  her  back.  AH  this  cornea  to  pass.  Prince  recognises  his  own  true 
■rifle,  who  relates  all  that  has  Iwrall en  her.— (II)  He  asks  hl^  wife  what  she 
would  do  lo  a  woman  guilty  of  just  such  crimes.  "  She  ought  lo  be  torn  to 
pieces,"  she  answers  ;  and  ihil  U  just  the  (rfstment  she  receives. 


Friedrich  S.  Krauss,  Sage/i  tind  Mdrchtn  dtr  Sudslaven.        174  4 
Ldpzig,  1883-84.  Vol.  ii,  p.  339.  No.  CXXXVIII. 

**  VoM  Kaiser,  der  seine  eigne  Tochter  heirathen  wollte." 
(1)  Empress  has  a  star  on  her  brow,  and  her  daughter  has  the  same  mark- 
Emperor  swears  lo  his  dying  wife  that  he  will  only  marry  a  lady  with  slai  on 
brow. — (>)  As  no  one  can  be  found,  he  resolves  to  marry  his  own  daughter. 
An  old  woman  coonsels  beioine  10  demand  lirsi  from  father  a  lilk  dieis  ni»de 
by  himself,  and  so  thin  that  it  can  be  kept  in  1  nutshell.     Afler  ihis  the  aski 


fgt  a  lilvei  dteu  in  a 


luishell,  then  for  a  gold  dresi 


■  nutshell  ;  lastly,  &r 


aSa 


CINBRRELLA   VARIANTS. 


9  dr«s  mtde  ol  inouse-skina.  They  ire  4II  provided,  and  the  wedding-diy  ti 
fiifd. — (3)  Then  princess,  prompted  by  old  woman,  dcniBnds  a  water-tub 
and  iva  while  ducks.  She  wants  to  lake  a  bath  berore  wedding.  She  locks 
her  door,  dons  (he  mouse-skin  dress,  pats  the  ducks  into  tub  of  water,  and 
escapes  through  the  window.  Empetor,  healing  the  ducks  splashing,  ihinki 
daughter  is  itill  bathing.  At  last  the  door  U  broken  open  ;  the  bride  has 
flown,  and  is  sought  everywhere.~(4)  Meanwhile,  heroine  has  taken  ihiJler 
in  a  hollow  liee.  A  prince  from  another  kingdam.  who  is  out  hunting,  dis- 
covFTS  heroine,  and  takes  her  home  with  him  as  goose-girL  She  is  called 
Aschenbrbdel  by  the  terrants. — (5)  There  is  a  grand  ball ;  heroine  dons  her 
silk  dresi,  and  enters  ball  room.  Prince  dances  with  her  ;  aaks  whence  she 
comes.  "From  Boot-Iown,"  she  says,  and  goes  away. — (6)  At  the  second 
ball  she  appears  in  silver  dress,  and  says  she  comes  from  "  Legen-grad"  ;  at 
the  third  ball,  in  golden  dress,  from  "  Sword'tDwn".~(7)  Prince  puts  a  ring 
on  her  6nger.  She  manages  to  leave  unobserved.  Prince  can  nowhere  find 
'•  SwonJ-lown"  ;  (alls  sick  with  love.— (8)  He  wants  some  boiled  milk, 
fleroine  asks  leave  to  boil  it,  pretending  she  has  dreamt  that  prince  will  re- 
cover after  taking  a  drink  prepared  by  henetf.  The  cook  gives  permission  ; 
heroine  drops  ring  into  the  milk-)ag ;  prince  <inds  ring,  and  sits  up,  ordering 
the  cook  to  be  fetched.  C[>ok  at  last  confesses  that  Mouse-'kin  boiled  the 
milk.  Prince  jumps  up,  tuns  Co  the  kitchen,  lean  the  mouse-skin  dress  olT 
heroine,  compels  her  to  don  the  gold  dress,  and  presents  her  to  his  parents. 
—(9)  He  marries  her.  She  bears  twins,  boy  and  giil,  the  latter  with  star 
on  brow.— (10)  Heroine  visits  her  father,  who  receives  her  joyfully.  The  old 
woman  is  honoured  j  the  minister  who  woald  have  allowed  Idng  to  mury 
his  daughter  i'<  beheaded. 


i 


69    Kristensen,  Danske  Folkeafxntyr,  optegnede  af   Folkeminde- 
samfundets  Medlemtner,  og  udarbejdede  af  E.  T.  Kristensen. 
Viborg,  1888.   No.  VIII,  p.  57.    (VVritlen  down  by  ihe  wife  of  1 
the  wheelwright,  Niels  Pedersen,  Zealand.) 

"  Den  LILLE  GuLDSKo"  (The  little  Golden  Shoe), 
(l)  Heroine  has  stepmother  and  stepsister.  She  is  made  to  tend  cattle  br  I 
from  home.  Stepmother  bites  her  olT  three  mouthfols  of  bread.— {»)  \t 
dinner-time  heroine  cries  with  hunger,  and  a  large  red  bull  asks  why,  and 
bids  her  find  a  good  dinner  in  his  right  ear.  Neit  day  stepmother  bites  her 
off  only  two  mouthfuls  of  bread,  and  the  third  day  only  one.— (3)  Boll  feeds 
her  as  before,  and  on  third  day  proposes  her  flight  with  him. — (4)  They  come 
to  copper-forest,  where,  spile  of  bull's  warning,  heroine  breaks  off  a  twig. 
A  copper  bull  is  fought  and  overcome,— (5)  Same  thing  happens  in  silvn. 
forest :  silver  bull  is  overcome.— (6/  In  gold-forest  the  bull  is  slain  by  gold 
bull.  Heroine  cuts  off  bull's  nght  ear,  as  bidden,  and  by  means  of  this  she 
can  obtain  anything  she  wishes.— (7)  She  lakes  service  in  the  cattle  kitchen,  . 
and  may  go  to  church  if  she  has  suitable  dress.     "  Daikneis  behind  me,  and   J 


i83 

~alie  sifn,  hanng  Uken  costly  drcM  from  boll's  etr, — (S)  Her 
muter  sers  her  in  church,  and  sendi  mui-ienani  to  D,>k  whence  she  comei. 
"  From  WaIer~Und>"  she  uy«  ;  for  her  master  had  thrown  ■  jng  of  water  it 
her. — (9I  Next  Sunday  she  says,  "  from  Comb-land",  and  on  the  third 
Soudajr,  ''from  TowelUnd"!  and,  as  she  U  leaving  I  he  church,  the  servant 
gels  one  of  her  golden  shoes.^(lo)  A  great  feast  is  held,  that  the  shoe  may 
be  tried.  Kings  and  princes  arrive  with  their  daughters,  who  cut  their  heels 
■nd  their  Iocs,  but  all  in  vain. — (11)  At  Usl  a  little  bird  sings  : 
"  They  can't  get  on  the 'shoe,  altho' 

They  cut  their  heel  and  cat  their  toe. 

The  little  girl  in  the  kitchen  there 

Alone  the  golden  shoe  can  wear." 

Heroine  ia  at  length  called,  and,  having  taken  from  the  bull's  ear  a  golden 
dren,  a  golden  carriage,  and  sil  white  prancing  hones,  she  comes  driving  to 
Ihe  door,  and  demands  her  golden  shoe,  which,  o(  course,  fits  her.— (12)  Her 


E.  T.   K.RISTENSEN.  Efitrslal  lil  Skattegravettn  (1890),  p.   144,    60  | 
No.  107,    (From  the  Danish  Island  of  Falsler.) 

"  Guldskoen"  (The  Golden  Shoe). 
|l)  Heroine  is  illtreated  by  her  stepmother,  who  has  a  daughter  of  her 
own.  Father  likes  to  rest  when  he  returns  home  tired  of  an  evening,  and  does 
not  comfort  heroine.— (a)  It  is  said  in  the  town  that  whoever  would  pass 
a  night  in  the  church  would  have  great  good  lack.  Stepmother  means  her 
danghlei  10  try  for  it,  and  gives  her  plenty  of  warm  clothes  and  a  pot  of 
"sweet  porridge"  ((>.,  made  of  un-kimmed  milk),  and  sends  her.  Step- 
niter  feels  hungry  in  church,  and  begins  eating  her  porridge — '^  Clack, 
duck."  Fromjthe  choir  a  hen  and  qoiie  a  number  of  chickens  come  hopping 
up  to  her.  The  hen,  clucking  and  scraping,  looks  up  at  her ;  bat,  when 
they  come  too  close,  she  drives  hen  and  chickens  away,  and  goes  on  com- 
posedly eating  her  porridge.  Just  as  she  has  finished,  a  dreadful  noise  and 
a  horrible  voice  are  heard  outside  :  "  Come,  open  to  me  and  my  gilt  shank?  1" 
Girl,  Frightened  out  of  her  wits,  aiks  hen  what  to  do.  Hen  says  : 
"  All  the  porridge  you  ale. 

And  then  licked  the  plate. 

You  mtisl  go  yoor  own  gait !" 

Again  Ihe  awful  *oice  is  heard  ;  something  enten  ihe  church-door  wilh 
a  tremendoDS  noise,  conies  up  to  the  girl,  and  gives  her  half-a-doien  boxes  on 
■he  ear.  She  swoons  away ;  next  morning  goes  home,  and  tells  mother  all 
■hat  haa  passed.— (3)  Heroine  must  (ry  her  luck,  and  is  seni  to  church  with 
water- porridge.  She  begins  lo  feel  hungry.  Hen  and  chickens  appear, 
dnelotig,     "Perhaps  Ibey  are  hungry,   too  I"  she  sayi,  and  she  share*  bcr 


I 


284  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

poor  (Are  with  them,  scitlering  some  on  the  ground.  The  ncuse  and  the 
horrible  voice  are  hefltd.  "  What  nm  I  to  do,  ray  little  hen,  m7  tiny  chicks  t" 
"  Go  and  open  the  door,"  says  the  hen.  At  last  heroine  takes  courage  and 
opens  the  door.  Outside  there  is  >  tiJl,  stim  person  with  gilt  legs,  who  Kays  : 
"  Come,  I'll  show  yoa  something  lucky,''  and  takes  her  to  the  altar,  where 
he  raises  a  Bag-stone,  and  draws  from  the  hole  a  pot  fiHed  with  money, 
saying,  "Take  it,  preserve  it,  never  speak  of  it :  the  time  will  come  when 
you  may  want  it."  Then  he  vanishes.  Next  morning  heroine  goes  home, 
but  tells  nothing. — (4)  The  old  king  dies,  and  the  prince,  his  successor,  seekt 
B  wife.  In  the  royal  family  they  have  a  beautiful  small  golden  shoe,  and  it 
is  the  custom,  when  a  queen  is  wanted,  to  seek  a  girl  who  can  wear  this  shoe. 
Stepmother  wants  her  daughter  to  be  queen,  bat  her  foot  is  too  la^. 
A  small  bird  in  a  tree  warbles, 

"  A  toe  you'll  cut,  a  heel  you'll  pare. 
And  then  the  golden  shoe  may  wear." 

Stepmother  takes  an  aie  and  a  huge  pair  of  tailor's  scissors.  Her  daughter 
groans.  "You  must  suffer  if  you  want  to  be  beautiful,  you  know,''  ui;ges 
the  mother.  The  blood  is  staunched,  and  the  shoe  put  on.  Presently  king 
discovers  the  trick  by  the  dripping  blood,  and  he  drives  her  awsy, — (5) 
Heroine  can  wear  the  shoe  ;  and,  as  she  wants  a  dowry,  she  fetches  her 
treasure  front  the  church,  and  does  not  come  to  the  king  empty.banded. 
They  are  married. 


lJ75    E.  T.  Kristensen,  y^'sAe  Folkeminder.     V.     Kobenha^ii,    18J 

Mventyr  fra  Jylland.      No.  IV,  pp.  38-45.      (Told  by  Niels   j 
Pedersen  in  Mejrup,  Jutland,  to  Mr.  Kristensen.) 

"  Den  rode  Ko"  (The  Red  Cow). 

(l)  King  promises  dying  queen  he  will  only  marry  a  woman  whom  her  black 
gown  liti.  Queen  dies,  and  the  gown  fits  nobody.— (1)  King's  servaaU  and 
his  daughter  want  to  try  it,  and  wait  till  king  has  gone  to  bed.  It  Bit  the 
daughter.  King,  hearing  boisterous  langhler,  surprises  them.  He  declaita 
he  will  marry  his  daughter.— (3)  In  deapair,  she  goes  to  drown  herself,  and 
meets  old  woman,  who,  hearing  her  trouble,  advises  her  to  demand,  as  con> 
dilion  of  marriage,  a  gown  made  of  crows'  bills.  Father  must  produce  it 
within  twenty-four  hours.  Should  he  succeed  in  procuring  it.  heroine  most 
go  to  stable  and  tell  ted  cow.  Heroine  does  as  hidden.  Lots  of  cntws  are 
shot,  the  gown  made  ready,  and  the  wedding.day  appointed.— (4)  Heroine 
goes  weeping  to  stable,  and  red  cow  aiks  what  is  the  matter  ;  then  bids  her 
fetch  her  gown,  return  and  loose  her,  and  get  on  her  bad.  Cow  carrie* 
her  off,  PresenOy  cow  bids  her  riie  up  to  spy  ahead.  Hertnne  sees  some- 
thing sparkling  like  copper.  Cow  says,  "  It  is  a  copper  forest ;  in  it  is  ■ 
bull.  If  you  gather  one  single  leaf,  the  bull  kills  me."  Heroine  cannot 
resist  temptation  to  pluck  a  lea£     Io»t«nt]y  the  ball  appears.     "  Gel  off  njr 


Kristensen.  aSg 

(",  BHjri  the  cow  ;  "  we  must  light. "  They  tight  the  whole  daf,  >nd  the 
cow  it  viclorioiu.  Alter  that  ihey  rest  a  day,  then  proceed.— (5)  They  come 
To  ft  silver  fornt.  where  there  is  a  bull  twice  as  strong.  The  same  words 
and  incideDU  follow.  They  fight  two  days,  rest  two  days,  then  proceeii. — 
(G)  Next  they  come  (0  gold  forest,  where  there  is  a  bull  thrice  as  sIroDg  as 
the  tait  Heroine  plucks  a  leaf,  spile  of  waminic.  They  Eght  three  daji ; 
the  cow  wins.  They  real  three  days,  then  proceed,— (7)  The  fourth  lime 
heroioe  ii  told  to  look  ahead,  she  says,  ''  I  see  sometbiDg  like  a  green 
buih."  Cow  says  Ihiiher  they  are  bound.  A  gieea  hill  is  there,  where  cow 
will  remain  whilst  heroine  goes  id  neighbouring  palace,  to  take  situation  ai 
cook,'-fS)  The  following  Sunday,  whilst  all  arc  at  church,  heroitie  viiitt  red 
cow,  who  Ictls  her  to  put  on  crows'-biU  gown,  lake  the  coppcr.teaT,  and  go  to 
church.  She  miut  be  sure  to  leave  first,  throw  copper-leaf  behind  her,  and 
say,  "  Light  befoie  me,  datkness  behiod  me '."  Cow  will  do  her  kilchen-woik 
till  she  returns.  Everybody  in  church  looks  wonderingly  at  heroine.  She 
throws  the  copper-leaf  behind  her,  and  vanishes.  When  people  relum,  they 
find  her  in  her  cook's  dress  before  the  hearth.  — (g)  Next  Sunday  everylhing 
happens  as  before.  She  lakes  the  silver  leaf.  The  king's  sou  is  at  cbuich,  but 
misses  her. — ^(10)  The  iMid  Sunday  she  throws  the  gold  leaf,  but  the  prince, 
batiog  watched  her,  catches  her  shoe  as  she  runs  away.  All  the  ladies  of  the 
court  aoemtile  lo  try  the  shoe,  some  cutting  their  heel  and  some  their  toe, 
but  oil  in  v»in.— (II)  At  last  queen  inquires  (or  the  cook,  and  she  is  brought. 
The  shoe  fits  her,  and  prince  asks  whether  she  was  at  church  those  Ihree 
Sundays.  She  saya  yes,  sod  goes  to  don  her  crows' bill  gown.— (1^)  Then 
they  all  reccgnisc  her,  and  the  prince  would  wed  her,  and  is  overjoyed  to 
learn  thai  she  is  a  rcsl  princess.     Her  father  is  invited  to  the  weddirg. 


MJ.    Tale  No.  V, 


5.     (Told  by  Gjode  Petersen,  Orre, 
Jutland.) 

'•  Den  LILLE  GuLDSKo"  (The  little  Gold  Shoe). 

(I)  Man  and  woman  have  three  daughters.  The  father,  before  dying, 
dislribotes  his  properly,  ginng  to  eldest  daughler  the  farm,  lo  the  second  all 
hit  money,  and  10  the  youngest  a  little  dog  and  a  lime-iree  In  the  garden. 
Ullle  dog  says,  "Take  as;  you  will  not  repent  it."— (I)  Mother  and  elder 
danghteis  go  10  church  neit  Sonday,  but  abuse  heroine,  and  tell  her  to  stay 
•t  home.  She  weeps,  and  the  liltte  dog  comforts  her,  saying,  "  Don't  cry  ! 
you  shall  go  to  church,  whilst  I  sweep  the  floor  with  my  tail,  cleanse  the 
tubs  with  my  tongue,  and  stir  the  poi  wiih  my  fool.  Go  10  the  garden, 
knock  at  the  lime-lree,  and  you'll  get  the  finest  dreas  you  ever  saw.  Step 
into  the  golden  chariot  which  will  come  for  you.  and  say,  '  Light  before  me. 


I  behind  !     Nobody  s- 


Heroin. 


CENDERBLLA    1 


bUck  carriage  drawn  by  black  horses.'     She  anives  lite,  during  the  lermaii  j 


everyone  looks  at  her,  and  the  king's 


Setvice  ended,  she 


repeats  magic  (omtula  and  gets  away.     Mother  and  listen  [ctum  and  find  her 
silting  in  her  n^s,  and  lell  her  of  the  beautiful  lady  in  church.— (3)  Next 


E  horses,  and  s 


Sunday  she  gcTS  a  white  diess,  white  carriage,  . 
her  mother's  pew.  King's  son  cannot  take  his  eye>  olS  her  i  but  she  escapes 
as  before,  and  all  that  iTtemoon  lie  ponders  how  he  may  gel  hold  of  her, — (4) 
Peter  the  swineherd  hears  liim  muttering,  and  says,  "  Whet  will  you  give  me 
if  I  teach  you  how  to  catch  the  fair  bird  ?"  Prince  gives  him  a  good  box  on 
the  ear.  "All  right,"  says  Peter;  "that's  gisod  pay.  Now  I'll  tell  you 
what  to  do.  Put  tar  an  the  Iloor,  and  you'll  get  her  shoe."— (5)  Prince  goes 
lo  church  neil  Saturday  night,  and  paints  the  pew  where  she  sat  with  tar. 
Next  Sunday  heroine  gets  a  yellow  carriage  and  yellow  horses,  and  a  goiden 
ring,  a  golden  diadem,  and  gold  shoes.  She  loses  a  (hoc  in  the  church,  and 
■he  prince  seizes  her  hand  in  the  porch  and  retains  her  ring  as  she  vanishes. 
^-(6)  King  makes  proclamadon  that  prince  will  wed  whomsoever  the  gold 
ring  and  gold  shoe  lit.  Numbers  make  trial ;  some  can  wear  the  ring,  and 
tome  the  shoe,  but  none  can  wear  both.  Heroine's  mother  and  elder  sisters 
come  to  try  ;  but  the  shoe  is  too  small.  They  return  home,  cut  ofT  their 
hee!  and  their  toe,  putting  a  tobacco-leaf  on  their  woundi,  and  try  again  ; 
but  in  vain. — (7)  A  magpie,  sitting  on  (he  garden-wall,  sings,  "They  cut 
their  heel  and  cut  otT  a  toe,  but  the  maid  whom  the  golden  shoe  fitt  uts  at 
home,"— (8)  Prince  senda  for  heroine,  who  arrives  in  an  old  fell  hood  aitd 
a  ragged  gown,  with  clumsy  wooden  shoes.  He  is  in  dreadful  conslematioB, 
and  wishes  her  far  away,  but  shoe  and  ring  lit  her.  Migpie  proclaims  her  as 
Ihe  rijjht  maid,  and  she  tells  all  to  the  prince, — (9)  Then  she  goei  back  to 
lime-tree  for  her  yellow  carriige,  and  the  prince  marries  her.  The  lime-tree 
is  removed  lo  palace,  and  always  gives  everything  she  rcquLres.  The  little 
do£  folbws  her. 


i 


Ibid.      No.  VI,  pp.  51-57-     (Told  to  Mr.  Kristensen  by  Miss  Kr. 
Madsen,  Fastrup,  Jutland.) 

"  AsKENBASKEN,  DER  BLEV  Dronning"  (Cinderella  who  became 
Queen). 

(i)  Heroine  is  ill-treated  by  her  slepmolher.  who  has  two  daughters  of  her 
own,  and  is  made  lo  sit  on  the  hearth  and  rummage  in  Ihe  ashes  1  wherefore 
she  is  called  "Askenbasken"  (louse  of  the  ashes).  She  is  clad  in  rag^ 
whilst  stepsisters  look  like  ladies.— (z)  There  ii  to  be  a  ball,  and  father,  who 
is  going  10  town  to  buy  finery  for  stepsisters,  asks  hertHrie  what  she  would  like. 


'  First  Sunday  mu'ter  and  elder  daughters  go  lo  church  lo  mourn.     Dreased 
in  black,  they  lake  ilitir  seata  in  the  pew  nearest  the  wall,  and  do  not  1 
when  the  Gospel  is  read  and  the  blessing  pronounced.    The  custom  may  ttiU    I 


I 


I 


KRISTENSEN.  287 

She  chooM*  a  to$e<tiee  wiib  roots,  and  thougb  surprised  ftt  choice,  hlher  brings 
it  her.  During  Ihe  nigbl:  hcioinE  pluits  'K  od  molher's  grave  and  waters  it 
wi[h  teart.  Every  eveniDg  a  white  dove  sils  cooing  in  the  buih  when  ihe 
comet. — (3)  Heroine  aski  leave  to  go  to  ball,  and  Slepmolher,  not  liking  to 
refuse  outright,  throws  plitcrul  of  pease  into  the  ashea,  uy'Dg  she  may 
accompany  them  if  she  has  gathered  up  every  single  grain.  Whilst  heroine 
is  rummlging  for  the  peue,  white  dove  kaocki  at  the  window,  and  when 
heroine  opens  ii,  dove  Hies  in  with  a  crowd  of  birds,  and  they  pick  up  the 
peaie  in  tea  than  no  lime.  Stepmother  agiin  refuses  to  let  heroine  go  to 
ball,  and  throws  quilc  an  apronful  of  petse  in  the  ashes,  and  she  must  g  ilher 
tliem  firsL  Stepmother  and  stepsisters  surl,  and  heroine  g'les  weeping  to 
molhet's  gr«ve.  There  sits  Ihe  dove  cooing,  "Cheer  ap  I  g<)  home,  and 
you'll  find  a  bcauiiful  dreu ;  put  it  oti,  gi  to  the  ball ;  but  return  before  step- 
mother and  stepsisters."  She  g'lea,  and  king  dances  with  her  all  nigit. 
Stepmother,  oBended  because  king  does  not  dance  with  her  daughters,  goei 
homeeaily.  Seeing  this,  heroine  IcBvea  hurriedly.  She  askj  stepmother  how  she 
cnjojed  hersclt  "What's  that  10  you,  lagimuffinP"  (4)  Next  day  everything 
happens  as  before.  (  Task  not  mentioned.)  Heroine  goes  weeping  to  mother's 
grave,  and  dove  gives  her  a  new  dress.  King  dances  with  her  alt  the  night, 
■nd  slepmolher,  still  more  olfended,  leaves  early.  Heroine  tears  herself  away 
from  the  king  and  runs  home.  Upon  asking  whether  they  enjoyed  ihemsclveb, 
berobe  gels  more  abusive  langjage,  and  is  called  "  Askepidsker".'  (5)  There 
U  a  third  ball,  which  heroine  attends  in  gown  like  pure  gjtd,  and  guld  shoes. 
She  wears  g'>loshes  to  keep  ihem  clean.  She  runs  home  as  before,  but  in  her 
baste  loses  a  gold  shoe.  She  is  agam  abused  at  home.— (6)  King  traveU 
throughout  the  country,  seeking  the  girl  whom  the  shoe  tils.  He  comes  to 
stepmother's  house  ;  elder  stepsister  tnes  the  shoe,  and  her  big  toe  being  too 
loi^.  slepmolher  whispers,  "Cut  il  olT;  better  to  lose  a  toe  than  a  queen's 
throne  !"  Stepsister  does  so,  and  accompanies  king  to  palace.  On  the  way 
they  pass  the  churchyard  where  dove  sits  cooing  :  "  King,  look  to  the  fool  of 
the  bride  !  Her  blood  is  trickling  from  her  shoe !"  King  takes  her  back. 
— 17)  The  heel  of  the  second  stepsister  is  too  large,  and  is  cut  oft.  The  same 
incidents  are  repeated. — (S)  King  asks  if  there  is  not  another  daughter  ;  but  he 
would  not  like  to  be  made  a  fool  of  any  more.  Yes,  Ihey  have  a  half-witted 
girl,  but  she  was  not  at  the  ball,  "  Call  her  I  let  her  try  the  shoe."  She 
appcan,  smutty  and  sooty.  "You  might  at  least  havesbakcn  theashes  offl" 
says  stepmother.  "  Never  mind,"  says  the  king  ;  "she  looks  like  her  work. 
Can  you  wear  this  shoe,  my  lass  }"  She  can,  fur  it  is  her  own.  Stepmother  is 
furious,  and  would  know  how  she  came  by  il.  King  bids  her  put  on  the  dress 
she  WDiE  at  fini  ball ;  she  does  so,  and  king  rides  off  with  hei.  The  dove 
in  the  churchyard  sings  : 

"Look,  look  !  how  proudly  they  ride  ! 
The  king  has  found  hia  (ttie  bride." 


I 


'  The  lad  who  on  large 


arts  away  the  a^bo  and  rubbish  is  called 


CINDERELL.\   1 


IRrANTS, 


(9)  They  are  Dumed,  and  slepbislert  aie  the  bridesmaids.  Going  to  church, 
the  dove  pecks  out  their  left  eye;,  ind,  returning,  their  right  e^es  ;  so  blind- 
nest  11  their  punishment.  The  king  lives  happiljr  with  his  queen,  who  U  no 
longer  called"  Askenbisken", 


I  JiU,  p.  62.     No.  VIII.     (From  Jutland.) 

"  Prinsessen  I  Hojen"  {The  Princess  in  the  Mound). 

(0  King's  daughter  has  been  tielrothed  lo  anotlicf  king's  son,  but  parenlt 
afteTwards  disagree,  swcai  that  marriage  shall  not  lake  place,  and  go  to  var. 
Heroine's  fathirshnts  her  up  in  a  mound  foe  thiee  jears,  with  two  niaid- 
scivants,  a  little  dog,  some  viclail;,  and  same  caodlci.  Both  kings  die  during 
the  war  ;  the  caille  is  burnt  down,  the  princess  forgotten,  and  ihe  prince  a 
king  of  both  realms.  He  had  loved  heroine,  and  tought  her  everywhere  in 
vain.     At  last  be  dreams  that  he  sees  her,  and  that  she  says  to  him  : 

"  To-morrow  the  lint  in  the  castle  you  see 
Is  the  maid  whose  true  love  you  mmt  promise  to  be." 

He  meets  a  lady  of  quality  called  Malfrcd,  woos  and  wins  her,  and  the  wed- 
ding is  to  take  place  after  three  monthi. — (2)  Tbcy  are  all  biuy  at  the  castle 
with  the  preparation!,  when  a  girl  arrives  dressed  in  rags,  with  sooty  face, 
atkiog  for  employment.  She  is  taken  in,  and  when  washed  looks  pretty,  and 
hcing  a  good  leamstiess,  is  set  to  make  Malfied's  bridslgown. — [3)  On  the 
wedding-ilay  Mallred  complains  of  illness,  and  gets  heroine  to  take  her  place 
as  bride.    A  horse  is  led  to  the  door  (or  her  10  ride  (o  church.     Heroine  sap 

"  My  good  horse.  Black,  bow  down  to  me ; 
My  father  oft  did  saddle  thee." 

Prince  asks  ■■  "  What  did  you  say  just  now.  Malfred  ?"  "  I  only  spoke  a 
word  tomy  sleed."  Riding  through  the  wood,  they  pass  the  Urge  rooiind 
where  heroine  had  been  buiied,  and  she  say?,  when  prince  uks  het  to  tell 
him  Mmething  to  shorten  the  distance  : 

"  Seven  long  years  in  the  wood  I  passed. 
Forgetting  all  my  talcs  at  last. 
On  a  Koh's  back  did  I  ride  ; 
Chaicoal-buming  then  1  tried ; 
Now,  to-day,  I  am  a  bride 
In  my  lady's  stead." 


i 


He  ukf  what  «he  Mid. 


Passing  the  bridge,  she  says  : 
Creak,  Utile  bridge,  but  for  my  sake. 
Who  oiien  crossed  you,  do  not  break." 


I 


KRISTeNSEN.  l)t9 

Agait)  he  uki  wb«t  ahe  safE.  Ai  they  sUnd  before  [he  alUr  to  b«  muried 
tbey  ue  to  eichin^  ringL  tte  tecagniies  ihe  ring  heroine  gives  him  u  the 
oat  he  had  ycin  ago  given  to  hii  tirsl  love,  the  piinceii,  and  aik^,  "  Where 
did  you  get  that  ring  ?"    She  aosirers  : 

"  In  the  ashei  and  itones  by  my  maids  it  wu  found. 
Where  WaHemir'j'  c«lle  wu  burnt  to  the  ground." 

Bjr  the  time  they  letum  Malfred  is  belter,  and,  clad  as  bride,  takes  her  seat  si 
Iftble,  heroine  taking  her  place  amongst  the  other  mii'lt.  Prince  asks  the 
bride  what  the  said  at  she  mounted  her  hone.  "  Nothing."  Yes,  she  said 
Mmcthing,  prince  returns,  but  may  have  forgotten  ii.  What  did  she  say  u 
they  passed  the  mound?  She  has  torgotten.  The  bridge?  Forgotten  also. 
Priaee  looks  at  hei,  and  notices  that  the  has  not  got  his  fing.    She  eiplaini ; 


"To  my  maid  I  gave  the  thing, 
I  do  not  core  to  wear  a  ring." 


Prince  sends  her  to  fetch  It.  Heroine  will  not  give  i(  up,  but  it  taken  beneath 
Malfted's  cloak,  and  stretches  out  her  hand,  which  piince  seizes  and  holds. 
Then  he  recognises  his  former  love.  Malfred  is  made  to  confess  that  the  has 
that  day  borne  a  child,  whiMe  father  is  one  of  the  courtiers.  Her>iincthen  rehUes 
bow  the  recogaikcd  "  Black"  as  her  own  horse,  and  remembered  the  mound 
where  she  was  boricd.  She  lells  the  prince  how,  when  the  victnalscame  toao 
end,  they  ate  the  candles,  afletwards  the  dog.  Then  both  the  matd .servants 
died  of  hunger,  and,  left  alone  awaiting  death,  she  heard  lomething  fcralching 
a  hole.  It  was  a  woli,  and  seizing  It  by  the  tail  she  was  dragged  oat  of  the 
muuud,  then  mounting  its  back  she  was  carried  into  the  forest.  Weak  and 
ilarving,  !,be  was  found  by  a  charcoal-burner,  whom  ihe  was  obliged  to  serve. 
Leaving  him,  she  went  to  the  castle,  and  heard  of  prince's  approaching 
maniage.  Wishing  to  learn  if  he  loved  her  as  in  former  da^s,  she  conlnved 
to  be  near  him  without  making  herself  known.  Heroine  now  takes  the  bride's 
place  at  table,  and  all  goes  much  moie  tncrHly  than  before. 


/did.,  p.  68.    No.  IX.  292^ 

"  K.\RL  FiNKELFADERS  DaTTER." 
(I)  King  hns  an  only  daughter,  and  on  war  breaking  ouU  makes  an  under- 
groond  chamber  in  a  large  mound,  where  she  must  dwell  with  a  dog,  a  cat, 
and  supply  of  vielnals  for  seven  yean,  whilst  king  and  bis  army  go  to  war. 
The  king  la  killed,  a  new  prince  nominated  his  successor,  and  heroine  is  for- 
gotten.  When  the  seven  years  have  expired  she  lack*  food,  and  eats  iirsl  the 
dog,  then  the  cat  ;  after  thai  she  catches  mice  for  food,  and  makes  hetself  a 
cloak  of  the  skini.     When  mice  become  scarce  she  thinks  of  digging  her  way 


'  Thii  leemi  tn  be  an  echo  of  k 
DOmicd  Duiib  king. — f. 


e  ballad  relating  to  Waidecnar,  the  r 


39l>  CINDEKELLA   VAKIANT:^. 

□ut,  and  at  la>t,  by  dint  of  much  scratching,  Eucceeds.  Bui  lier  Aagi 
sore  and  skinless,  and  her  ctothet  so  ragged  thai  she  dans  the  niouae>skiii 
cltiak  ;  the  remaining  skins  she  fastens  on  little  sticks  all  round  the  mound.— 
(2)  She  gets  emplojrment  as  cook  at  the  castle,  where  the  new  king  has  just 
arrived  with  his  betrothed.  They  src  going  over  the  castle  with  •  Urge 
bunch  of  keys,  trying  in  vain  to  tit  Ihem  in  the  locks.  Cook  asks  leave  to  try. 
and  opens  door  after  door.— (3)  One  of  heroine's  gowns  is  found  ;  princess 
wants  to  try  it  on,  but  it  does  not  fit  ber.  It  Gis  cook  exaclly. 
to  church  in  princess's  stead  to  be  married  to  king,  and  cook  a; 
exchange  dresses  again  aderwards.— (4)  On  weJding-day  the  betrothed  rUihes 
to  kitchen  and  changci  clothes  with  cook,  putting  on  her  mouse-skin  cloak, 
while  couk  is  dieted  as  bnde  with  the  bridal  crown.  King,  believing  ber  10 
be  his  betrothed,  leads  her  to  the  coach -and -six.  Tbey  are  all  heroine'!  fatbei'a 
horsei,  and  as  she  mounts  the  coacb  she  says  : 

"  Hail  !  beauteous  mares,  to  (air  to  see  ! 

Karl  FinkelTader  is  dead  to  me  ; 

Yea,  dead  is  be  wiio  in  the  stall 

Did  erstwhile  brush  and  comb  you  all.' 

And  the  horses,  hearing  her  voice,  b^in  to  rear  and  prance  Bridceroom  takes 
his  seat  by  ber  side,  and  ihey  drive  to  church.  Passing  the  mound  where  the 
haJ  been  buried,  she  says  : 

''Sliil  wretched  am  I,  jet  how  great  were  my  woes 
In  the  mound  'neath  those  mouse-skins,  none  but  God  knows." 


I 


Tbey  reach  the  bridge  1 


a  rivulet.     Here  she  says : 


"  Merc's  the  old  bridge  that  in  good  days  of  yore 
Did  bear  me  the  rivulet  safely  o'er." 

In  the  church  she  ices  the  portraits  of  her  bther  and  mother  hanging  1 
altar,  and  says : 

"  Turn,  lovely  pictures,  round  you  go  '. 
Vou  are  dear  lather  and  mother,  I  know." 

And  immediately  the  pictures  turn.     When  they  start  to  drive  home  after  the  I 
muriage  ceremony,  she  says  1 

■'  Hail,  beauteous  marei  1  fair  are  ye  all, 
Ve  that  were  bicd  in  m;  father's  stall." 

And  the  horses  bow  their  knees  to  her. — (5)  On  her  return  she  at  once  change!  I 
clothes  with  the  betrothed,  who  then  goes  to  the  wedding -feast,  leaving  I 
heroine  in  the  kitchen.  At  night  prince  insists  that  the  bride  shall  repeat  tha  I 
words  she  spoke  to  the  horses,  before  she  goes  to  bed.  "  I  don't  remembers 
ihem,"  jlie  says,  "  but  cuok  knows."  She  hies  to  the  kitchen,  ondleuiu  thflf 
words  from  the  cook,  then  returns  and  repeats  them.  So  he  aska  her  in 
10  repeat  all  the  things  the  bride  had  said  in  the  morning,  and  every  lime  «1 
has  to  go  and  inquire  of  cook.  But  a  Trial  yet  remains.   Il  is  tlie  cnitoi 


'S  MS. 


crioK. 


19I 


bride  to  receive  a  gloire  inchuich;  it  is  "awom  lato  lier  huid",  ojid  sbe  may 
nut  go  to  bed  till  she  luu  returned  ii  to  hei  husband,  liridegroom  now 
demands  the  glove,  and  the  bride  has  to  go  and  ask  cook  fur  it.  Cook  reCoMS 
to  give  it  outright,  but  agrees  to  walk  into  biidU  chambei  behind  the  btide, 
and,  bidden  by  her,  to  delivei  it  up.  All  goes  well  till  cook  exteads  her  band 
to  give  king  the  glove,  when  he  seizes  her  hand,  and  Hill  not  let  go.  "  It  is 
lo  you  1  am  bouud  1  I  have  been  Tceling  wme  doubt.  Now  you  are  lo  iitay 
wllb  me."  Toining  to  the  princess,  he  says  :  "And  you  may  go  into  the 
kitchen  or  wherever  else  you  Uke,     t  shall  keep  her  to  whom  I  am  bound." 


I 


£.  T.  Kkisie.\sen's  Unpublished  Collection.  (Told  by  Inger 
Katrine  Pedi^rsilatter,  on  Heiitbxk  Mark,  Jutland.) 
"  1'isk-i-Aske"  (Whip-in-the-A&hcs).' 
(i)  Man  with  one  daughter  matries  widow  with  one  daughter,  Man's 
daughter  is  the  more  beaulilul,  and  is  made  to  sit  always  whippbg  in  the 
luhes.— (3)  On  Sunday  heroine  aska  stepsister  to  let  her  wear  some  ol  her  old 
clothes  to  go  lo  church.  "  No,  you  Whip- Lu- the- Ashes  1"  Heroine  returns 
to  the  kitchen  crying.  A  strange  man  enters  by  back  door,  and  aiks  why  she 
cries.  "  Because  I  wanted  to  borrow  some  of  my  s1c|.bisCer's  old  clothes  to 
go  lo  church  in,  and  was  denied  1"  "  Will  you  promise  me  your  first  son  if 
I  giVe  you  clothes  10  go  to  church  in?"  "  Yes,  certainly  ;  for  I  shall  never 
have  children.  I  must  always  sit  in  the  ashes.'' — {3)  Instantly  there  is  a  hand- 
some silk  dress  for  her,  besides  stocking!  and  shoes,  and  a  carriage  at  the 
door.  "Light  before  and  mist  behind!  Nobody  shall  dee  where  we  are 
driving,"  She  has  been  told  that  the  moment  the  precentor  leave:  his  pew  to 
read  ihe  Ust  prayer  she  must  leave  the  church,  hasten  liume,  and  cliange  her 
d»e»B  before  tlie  oiliers  return.  She  does  so,  liys  "  L-ght  before",  etc.,  and 
hurries  home.  She  had  sat  in  the  family  pew  in  church,  and  stepmother  and 
stepsister  hid  squeezed  themselves  back  into  the  far  corner.  On  ihctr  return 
they  tell  her  of  llie  beautiful  lady.  She  says  il  cannot  concern  her  to  hear 
about  her,  since  she  may  not  go  herself;  and  she  whips  up  ihcaahesso  as  to 
raise  a  dust. — (4)  Next  Sunday  the  same  thuig  happens;  she  promises  her 
second  son  to  llie  slraiiger,  and  gets  same  clolhfs  ojid  carriage. — (5)  Third 
Sunday  she  promises  third  son,  and  gets  more  beautiful  doihes  and  golden 
afaocs.  KJrg's  son  is  at  churth,  aod  follows  het  closely,  treading  off  one  of  her 
shoes.  lie  wants  10  speak  lo  her,  but  she  gets  into  caiii?ge.  'I~he  stranger  is 
waiting  far  her,  and  says,  "  You  may  keep  the  dress  ;  ihey  will  soon  send  for 


'  In  Ihe  latge  manois  it  was  I  he  duty  of  the  lowest  of  all  the  servants,  who 
was  called  "  A  hipper-ol-the- Asha",  to  remove  all  the  ashes  aod  every  kind 
of  relusefrom  the  dunghill  in  a  smalt  two-wheeled  cut.  Therefore  Cinderella 
in  the  Danish  laica  Is  nikkoamed  "  Whipper-of-ihe- Ashes",  as  the  meani 
tlie  nicaii.  '*  To  whip"  is  now  used  figuratively  in  the  sense  of  *'  to  si 
poke".-*/: 


291 


CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 


yau.    Take  the  one  remaining  shoe  in  your  huid,  and  go  iwiy  a 
Prince  asks  all  the  congregation  whose  the  shoe  is.     He  will  wed  whomsoever 
it  tils. — (6)   A-Coong  the  girls  who  try  is  heroine's  stepsbter,  who  cuts  a  bU  olf 
the  toe  and  the  heel  of  her  sloclcing,  and  forces  I  he  khae  on.     A  crow  in  tree 
siys,  "Cut  from  heel,  cut  from  toe!    The  golden  *hoe  was  trodden  off  Ihe 
little  girl  who  sits  al  home  whipping  the  ashes."     "Whit  does  crow  lajr  ?' 
asks  prince.     "  Pshiw  !  whit's  a  crow's  cawing?"  says  alepmolher.    Crow 
repeats  song  more  loudly  a  second  and  ■  third  lime.     Prince  questions  step- 
moiher,  who  is  at  last  obliged  to  admit  that  she  has  anoiher  girl  at  home. — 
(7)  Heroine  is  sent  [or,  and  appeats,  mBgniRcently  dressed,  and  carrying  ihe 
shoe   in   her  hand.      Prince    recognises    her;    marries    her. ^S)  Heroine  is 
unhappy  hefore  her  child  is  bom.     Prince  tries  to  comfort  her.    She  bean  a 
son,  and  Ihe  sirange  man  appears' ;  but  obtaining  her  promise  to  give  heed 
during  ihe  night  to  [whit  is  heard]  outside  the  window,  he  allows  her  to  keep 
tirst  child  till  she  has  others.     When  her  second  son  is  born  the  same  thing 
hapjwns.     Before  "he  birth  of  the  third  child  she  is  very  sorrowful, — (g)  A 
tired  old  beggar  resting  on  a  hill  hears  a  voice  underground  crying,  "  Ha,  ha  I 
ha,  ha  '.  Faldera  i     To  night  1  am  to  get  the  queen's  three  children.     I'll  roul 
one  lo.oighi ;  I'll  salt  ihe  second ;  the  third  I'l!  hang  up  in  the  smoke.     If  ihe    . 
igueen  were  as  knowing  as  1  am  she  would  just  say  to  me :  '  Vou  red  boU  J 
without  hams,  none  ol  my  children  ihall  you  get.     I  am  the  one  who  hu  I 
suffered  fur  them.'     If  she  were  to  say  that  Ihrice  to  me  I  should  get  intu  a  1 
lowering  passion  and  fly  into  flintt''  I"     Away  goes  the  bfggir,  and  endeavoun 
to  see  (jueen,  bat  is  denied  admission.     At  last  he  tells  watchman  that  the 
might  be  able  to  save  more  than  one  soul.     When  king  and  queen  hear  this 
)hey  have  beggar  admitted,  and  he  tells  his   story.     King  and  queen  are 
greatly  comforted,  and  give  him  food  and  wine  to  his  heart's  coQtent. — |I0)  At  J 
night  a  voice  is  heard  outside  the  window  demanding  the  children.     Thrice  J 
llie  queen  repeals  the  magic  words,  and  the  stranger  flies  into  llints.     Kit%>l 
and  queen  live  happy  ever  after.    Bej^irhas  never  occasion  to  beg  again. 


lir'U.    (Narrated  by  Mclte  Tailors,  Sundby,  Jullanti.) 
"  Piski-Aske"  (Whip-in-the-Ashes). 

{])   Widower  marries  again,  and  his  daughter  it  ill-treated  by  stepmother,  ' 
maije  the  drudge  ol  the  home,  nicknamed  "Whip-in-the-Ashes",  and  tiei 
allowed  to  go  to  church.     One  evening  she  goes  to  her  mothet's  grave  x 


'  The  houses  in  Denmark  are  small  and  loic,  and  are  all  built  on  Ihe  samt 
plan.    The  door  is  usually  closed  at  night,  and  there  may  be  a  loose  dog  in 
the  yard.     A  benighted  traveller  wishing  to  inquire  bis  way  would  easily  guess  I 
in  which  room  Ihe  married  people  sleep,  and  would  Up  at  the  windowp 
to  arouse  them.     In  the  same  way  the  demon  comes  to  the  window  at  night  I 
10  demand  Ihe  child. — A 

'  See  note  46. 


MR.  E.  T.  KRISTENSEN's  MS.  CO  I.  LECTION. 


IQ3 


Dead  mother  rises  from  grave  and  uki  why,  then  gives  her  some 
o  fallow. — (a)  Nexl  Sunday  hernine  uks  leave  to  go  lo  chiircb. 
Stepmother  forbids  her,  and  throw;  a  bushel  nt  pease  into  the  ashes,  telling 
her  lo  pick  ihem  out  while  she  and  her  daughter  are  nt  church.  A  white  dove 
coniEi  flying  in.  Heroine  tays,  "  Little  dove,  don't  pick  them  up  to  put  into 
ynor  crop,  but  into  my  bushel  !"  Dove  gathers  up  the  pease  in  no  time. 
Heroine  goes  lo  slalile,  lifts  a  Dagslotie.  and  pulls  from  under  it  a  dress  like 
the  moon.  This  she  dons,  then  says,  "Conch  (nd  coachman,  appear!" 
Iiutantly  they  are  there  ;  she  jumps  into  the  coach  and  sny«  : 
•'  Before  me  light,  behind  me  dark  ! 
The  way  I  go  let  no  man  mark  I" 

AH  in  church  are  greatly  astonished.  Prince  wants  to  speak  to  heroine,  hut 
she  hurries  out.  ipeaks  the  mngic  words,  and  vanishes.  Mother  and  sister 
felnm  and  tell  her  of  Ihc  lovely  lady,  and  abuse  her  for  wanting  to  go  and  see 
htf.— I3l  Next  Sanday  a  bushel  of  rye  is  thrown  in  the  ashe?.  Dove  performs 
laik.  Heroine  goes  lo  church  in  dress  like  the  sun.  Prince  follows  her  *o 
closely  when  she  runs  lo  her  coach  that  he  trends  off  one  of  her  shoes,  .'ihe 
is  again  afauied  at  home. — (4)  Some  lime  afierwards  prince  orders  all  girlo 
to  appear  at  caille.  Whoever  can  wear  a  certain  gold  shoe  which  he  possesses 
shall  be  qurcn.  None  can  get  it  en.  *'  There  must  be  somebody  left,"  says 
the  prince.  At  length  stepmother  tells  of  heroine,  who  is  at  once  sent  for. 
She  dons  the  sun-dress,  covering  it  with  her  rags  that  stepmother  may  not  see 
it.  Thr  shoe  fits  her  as  though  made  for  ber,  and  she  raises  her  rags  a  little 
St  she  puts  il  on.  Prince  catches  a  glimpse  of  the  gold  dress,  and  is  at  once 
satisfied  that  she  is  the  right  girl.— (5*  He  marries  her. 


I 


//•iW.     (Narrated  by  Mr.  Knudsen,  teacher,  Heldutn,  Jutland.)       S&J 
■•  Gi'i.nsKOEN"  (The  Golden  Shoe). 

(I)  A  widower  has  three  daughters.  He  falls  ill  and  is  dying.  Eldest 
daughter  takes  leave  of  him,  and  receives  as  inheritance  half  of  his  farm  and 
goods;  second  daughter  gets  the  other  half,— (a)  Youngest  daughter  asks 
father  whether  he  ha.;  given  away  the  white  dog  in  the  forest  too.  No,  he 
haa  not  J  she  may  have  il  if  she  likes.  It  is  the  only  thing  she  wishes  for. 
Elder  sisters  dono  woik,  heroine  being  Iheir  dnidKe.— ( j)  On  Sunday  they  go 
to  church,  leaving  heroine  at  home-  The  white  dog  comes  :  "Is  our  lady 
not  going  to  chuich  10-day  P"  "  Fain  would  I,  hut  1  must  stay  and  sweep 
and  carry  peal,  and  wash  the  table  and  cook  the  dinner."  "  I'll  sweep  with 
my  tail,  wash  (be  table  with  my  tocgue,  and  stir  the  pot  with  my  leg.  But 
you  must  go  lo  the  gate  by  the  wood  :  there  you  will  find  a  coach,  with 
coachman  and  servants,  and  inside  a  beautiful  dress  and  shoes."  So  it  conies 
10  pais.  She  drives  10  church,  where  all  marvel ;  and  as  soon  as  clergyman 
leavfi  the  pulpit  she  goes  out,  says,  "  Light  before  and  dark  behind  1"  and 
dlMppear*.     She  is  at  home  in  her  rags  when  sisters  retuni  and  talk  of  the 


S94 

lovely  Iftdy.- 


CINDERF,t,I, 


lANTS. 


,)  Next  Sunday  she  asb«  leave  to  go  to  church,  but  is  refuEed. 
All  hflppens  ai  before.  She  goes  in  silver  dresc  nnd  »lioes,  in  silver  coach. 
~(5)  The  third  Sunday  everything  is  of  gold.  This  lime  kirg'i  «on  comes 
io  close  that  he  (reads  off  one  of  her  ihoes  jusi  as  Khe  vanishes. — (6)  The 
Kislera  are  reading  the  newspnpere  ■!  home,  and  see  the  announcement  that 
all  young  giils  bclwefn  eighteen  and  twenty  years  of  0(;e  must  appear  at  ihe 
caitleon  a  certain  day  to  i  ry  Ihe  E'>lden  shoe  ;  for  prince  will  wed  whomsoever 
it  da.  Elder  sistert,  though  heing  pail  Iwenly,  want  lo  try ;  «□  do  many, 
many  more.     Whilst  Ihcy  are  trying  the  shoe,  some  crnws  fly  over  the  casile, 

"  They  cliop  off  their  loes  and  Ihey  cut  llieir  heels  too  : 
She  it  sitting  at  home  who  can  wear  the  Rold  shoe  '" 

Prince  hears,  and  inquires  who  is  silting  at  home.     Sliten  at  length  confcsa.  1 
— (7)  Heroine  in  ordered  to  appear.    She  goes  to  ihe  gite  in  the  wood,  f 
coach,  and  drives  up  to  castle  door  with  one  golden  shoe  on.     Prince  rtceivcsf 
her  with  Ihe  other  shoe  in  his  hand ;  she  puis  it  on.     They  are  nurried,  i 
the  liltle  white  dog  lives  with  them  in  the  castle. 


//'/;/.     (Narrated  by  Birthe  M.irie  Nielsdaller,  Jutland.) 

"pEivrE-METTF."  (Greasy-Matty), 

(t)  Widow  hat  three  children,  one  of  Ihem  an  ill-used  stepchild.     I 
liking  lo  have  to  keep  her,  she  drives  her  from  home.— (2)  An  old  won 
overtakes  heroine,  and  asks  where  she  is  going.     "To  seek  employment" 
"  Come  with  me  and  herd  my  sheep."    Old  woman  gives  her  some  shreds^ 
sends  her  In  sit  nn  a  little  hilt,  and  tells  her  what  lo  say  should  any  paii«r-b)F 
question  her.     She  ii  busy  with  her  needlework  when  king's  son  pa'ses  the 
hill  on  horseback.     "Whal  are  you  doin^,  my  girl  ?"  he  asks.     "  Well,  I'm 
darning  rag  upon   rag  and  shred  opon  shred  ;  but  I  hope  one  of  these  day* 
lo  he  washing  gold'   [clothes]  in   England  V     "You  will  he  loeky  if  ycm   . 
attain  to  thaL"    When  she  returns  at  night  old  woman  atks  what  has  hap-  J 
pened,  nnd  heroine  tells  all— (3)  Nent  day  the  is  sent  tn  the  hill  with  Ibsl 
sheep.     Prince  parses  >gain.     "  Still  in  your  old  place,  then  7*"    She  replln  fl 
as  before.-^4)  Third  day  the  same  ihing  happens  ;  prince  remarks,  "  Who 
knows  ?  fortune  may  allend  you  !"— (5I  Old  woman  sends  her  to  seek  employ- 
ment at  the  castle,  alter  having  given  her  three  gmns  of  linseed  for  her 
wages.     Heroine  is  employed  to  help  the  cook's  helper,  and  is  calteil  Greuy- 
Matly.— <6)  English  prince  is  staying  at  caslle,  and  he  gives  order  for  all  the 
ladies  and  misses  to  attend  church,  that  he  may  select  a  bride.     Everybody  it 


'  The  meaninji  is  a  liltle  donhllul.  A  dialect  expression  is  used,  signifying  Ia  J 
wash  in  the  ashes  of  beech-wood.  Of  conne  Ihe  queen,  like  every  other  I 
woman,  ia  supposed  lo  wash  h«r  own  linen. — f. 


■.  KR1STENSEN5; 


.I.ECTIDN. 


sqS 


«f  toI»)k  on.  Thecook'i  helpaiVi  Grensy.Malty  to  stir  the  pol  whilst  he 
is  Bir&y.  u)  Ihil  it  sh^U  not  bum.  The  old  womuD  appears  beFore  her, 
bHlding  her  throw  one  of  ihe  gnins  of  linseed  over  her  head,  and  wish  for  n 
•ilrer  dress.  Ktie  is  to  go  lo  church,  but  be  sure  lo  return  quickl)i  u  <oon  as 
■he  clergyman  leaves  the  palpic  Everrone  in  church  h  amaied.  When  the 
olhos  return  she  i»  silling  in  her  rags  stirring  the  pot — (7)  Next  Sunday  she 
goes  lo  church  in  gold  dress.  The  piince  gets  m>  e'lwe  to  her  ihil  he  treads 
off  one  of  her  slioes. — (8)  The  followii-g  Sunday  all  are  to  appear  al  the  castle, 
and  whoever  can  wear  the  ihoe  is  to  be  queen.  Greasy-MiHy  stays  below, 
stirring  the  pot.  Old  woman  appear?  and  bids  her  throw  the  third  grain, 
wishing  ibr  a  g^ld  dress  trimmed  with  diamonds.  In  ihe  hall  everyone  is 
trying  the  shoe  in  vain.  "  Is  there  nobody  left  ?"  prince  asks.  Cook\  helper 
says  there  is  Greaiy. Matty  in  the  kitchen.  She  is  fetched,  and  Ihe  jhoc  fiis 
her.  "  Yon  mu>t  be  of  higher  descent  Ihin  you  appear,  I  imagine  '."  says 
the  prince.— (9)  She  leaves  him  a  moment,  and  returns  in  gold  rtrcss. 
Prince  marries  her,  and  she  has  the  j^ood  luck  to  wash  gold  [clolhesj  in 
England. 


yi'iif.     (Narrated  by  Maria  Vind,  Hornum.  Jullatid.) 


"Tahie 


Ta 


(1)  A  beaaiiful  princcjs  whofe  parenls  are  dead  lives  with  her  grandmother 
in  England.  The  old  lady,  feaiirg  the  men,  confines  her  in  a  high  luriei, 
with  a  chambermaid  to  serve  her.  Rumour  of  her  beauty  spreads  afar,  and 
many  come  desiring  to  see  her ;  but  in  vain.  At  last  a  prince  of  Spain  arrives, 
and  lakes  lodgings  al  an  inn  opposite  the  lower.  He  signs  to  the  princess 
from  his  window  ;  she  at  length  responds,  and  Ihe  end  of  it  is  that  he  makes 
himself  wings,  by  means  of  which  he  crosses  the  street,  then  talks  with  the 
princess,  anil  plans  her  escape  with  him. — {1]  The  old  Indy  hears  of  it,  and 
pun  needles  and  awls  in  the  window-sill,'  and  the  next  time  prince  flies  across 
andiiU  on  the  sill  he  gets  wounded,  and  nine  drops  of  blood  fall  from  him.  He 
feeli  the  bitter  pain,  and  is  angered  against  the  princess  because  of  her  apparent 
treachery,  and  instantly  flies  away  and  returns  to  Spain.  Princess  is  very 
sorrowful,  and  at  a  loss  10  understand  his  behaviour,  til!  at  la-il  the  discoveis 
■he  nine  drops  of  blood  on  the  window-sill,  and  sees  Ihe  needles  and  the  awls. 
— (3I  Then  the  escapes  one  evening  with  the  help  of  her  cliambemiaid.  .She 
has  sold  all  her  belongings  for  cash,  and  leigns  to  be  half-wilted,  calling  her 
gold  coins  "counters",  and  giving  a  handful  of  (hem  in  payment  for  anything 
she  wants.  Al  length  she  reaches  Spain,  and  goes  to  king's  castle,  where 
king  is  said  lo  be  dying,  and  none  can  save  him,— (4)  It  is  St.  John's  Eve. 
She  is  dressed  in  a  poor  Spanish  dressy  Tliree  animals — ■  bear,  a  wolf,  and 
■  lion— are  lying  by  the  castle  entrance.  She  liears  one  say  lo  the  others, 
"  If  somctHidy  knew  what  I  know,  she  would  josl  ihiow  her  apron  over 
0!,   arwl   then,    if  she   is  a   pure   virgin,  she  could  pass  us  unhurt."    The 


CIUnERELLA  VARIANTS. 


second  uldi,  "  IT  the  it  a  puie  viigin  she  may  poll  out  c  rod  bam  under 
the  large  itone  outside  \he  c^te,  and  if  she  sirilies  the  sIodc  thrice  with 
the  rod  she  mnjr  wish  anything,  and  get  it,"  Then  ijiyt  the  bear:  "The 
king  b  djing,  and  die  he  must,  unless  h«  can  gel  back  the  nine  drops 
of  blood  spilled  on  ihe  window  casement,  and  lake  three  drops  at  a  lime 
in  eel-soDp  on  three  consecutive  Thursdays.  Th«n  be  would  recover;" 
and  he  add>,  "but  Ihii  is  the  greatest  secret  '." — (j)  The  princeo  throor* 
down  her  apron  and  enters  the  gale,  then  gets  Ihe  rod.  Nat  mnrning  she 
goa  to  ihc  back  door  of  the  castle,  and,  preteDding  to  lie  hilf-wiittd.  lays  : 
"My  name  is  Tahirr-Tahter*'  (meaninglesB  nordi,  resembling  in  sound  "  thU 
here",  "  that  ihiu*''.)  '•  I  want  employment.  I  can  cany  out  the  ashes  <ir 
polish  knives.  Van  can  get  some  fun  out  of  me  !"  She  is  engaged  si  help, 
■uid  is  much  liked.  She  gelt  lo  know  the  cook,  and  one  day  says  to  him 
"  Tahier-Tahier  eooka  well  1"  She  wants  to  be  allowed  to  cook  the  dinner 
on  Thursday,  and  offers  cook  a  handful  of  her  yellow  counters  fur  the  privilege. 
He  lakes  the  money  and  gives  her  leave.  She  strikes  the  stone  and 
an  ee),  then  makes  eel-soup  for  the  king.  She  has  alwayi  carried  Ihe 
drops  of  blood  about  with  her,  and  now  puts  three  into  the  loup.  King  eati, 
and  is  better.  Next  Thnrsdav  ihe  same,  and  on  the  third  Tbursdiy.^d)  The 
king  is  fully  recovered,  and  the  first  thing  he  would  do  is  to  go  to  chnFch. 
Tahier-Tahier  must  slay  at  home,  but  everybody  else  goes.  King  i»  dreauiiE' 
Tor  church,  and  heroine  offers  his  servant  a  handful  of  her  coins  to  be  aJlawtd 
to  lake  him  ewer,  towel,  and  comb.  .She  brings  Iheni  to  the  king,  multerii^ 
in  a  silly  iray :  "  Here  comes  Tahier-Tohaer,  bringing  his  Majesty  his 
towel,  and  comb !"  The  king  knows  all  about  her  from  Ihe  Ulk  of  (be 
servants.  When  she  is  left  behind  alone,  she  whips  out  of  the  stone  a  coach- 
■nd-four  with  coachman  and  servants,  and  a  ptincess'i  dieis  wiih  silk  stockioga 
and  boots.  King  notices  her  in  chuicb.  and  sends  servants  to  inquire  whence 
she  comes,  and  to  invite  her  to  dinner.  But  stepping  into  her  coach,  she  bids 
them  give  her  compliments  to  his  Majesty,  and  say  she  lives  in  Towel-Iand. — 
(7)  Everything  happens  the  same  on  the  two  following  Sundays,  when  she 
says  she  comes  from  Comb-land  and  from  Ewer-hind. — (S)  As  she  declinea  u 
appear  at  ihe  king's  table,  he  orders  his  servants  to  catch  her  on  the  third 
Sunday.  In  her  hasty  flight  she  loses  one  boot. ^9}  King  announces  Hi 
wish  to  wed  the  girl  who  can  wear  Ihe  boot.  Many  come  from  far  and 
but  il  tits  nobody.  Tahiet-Tahaer  is  al  last  the  only  one  left.  People  nske 
fun  of  her  trying,  but  remembering  the  mysterious  countries,  king  u 
Heroine  appcBii  in  bet  dirty  old  greasy  rags,  and  says  (oolithty  !  "  Ha,  ha  I 
is  T.-T.  to  try  the  boot  too,  your  Majesty  ?'  The  silk  boot  fits  as  lhoii|h 
made  for  her.  The  king  ii  astonbded, — <io)  .She  leaves  them,  and  presently 
returns  in  the  dresi  that  Ihe  king  has  seen  her  wear  in  England.  She  tclU 
him  everything.  He  sees  that  she  has  sBffered  as  much  as  he,  : 
her  his  qneen. 


4 


JONES  AND  KROPr. 


Rev.  W.  Henrv  Jones  and  Lewis  L.  Kropf,  The  Folk-taki  of  ! 
thr  Magyars,  translated  and  edited  by.     I/>ndon,  1889.     Pp. 

207- 1  fi. 

■■'l-|ir.  Widower  ant.  ms  Haitchtkr." 

(1)  Foot  wiilovrer,  with  beautiful  daughter,  marries  rich  widow  with  two 
cldcrlf  danghtFFs.  Slepmothet  ill-treats  heroine.  Father  briogs  gifu  of  rich 
drwsei  from  the  fair  for  ilepmothEr  and  stepsisleis.  Heroine  chooses  three  wal- 
nuli, — (a)  The  fnnner  go  to  church  showily  dressed,  leaving  heroine  at  home 
to  clean  half-abuthel  of  ver^  diity  wheat.  Heroine  weeps  at  taik  ;  Heaven 
■ends  flock  of  while  pigeons  to  picit  out  dirt  and  taies  from  wheat ^-(3) 
Heroine  returns  ihanlis  to  heaven  ;  felchea  walnuts  10  eal  them,  when  from 
the  first  falls  a  copper  dtesi,  from  ihe  second  a  silver,  from  the  ihitd  ■  gold 
drtsi.  She  locks  in  cupboard  the  gold  and  silver  dresses,  dons  ihe  copper  and 
hurries  lo  church,  and  lits  in  last  pew  amouESt  old  women.  King's  ton  notices 
her,  but  before  close  of  sermon  she  runs  home  and  dotfs  copper  dress.  King's 
servant  cannot  overtake  her,  or  see  which  house  she  enters.  Stepsisters  re- 
tntit  with  ihelr  young  men,  and  tell  heroine  how  king's  sod  was  present,  and 
about  lovely  slranger.  Heroine  snys  she  saw  ber  by  mourning  ladder  to 
reach  chimney.  Slepsislers  scold  her,  and  have  ladder  removed. — (4)  In 
aflemoon  they  go.  more  showily  dresied,  10  church,  and  prince  is  also  there. 
ileroine  has  twice  as  much  wheat  to  &ott.  and  twice  the  number  of  pigeons 
come  to  perform  task.  Heroine  goes  lo  church  in  silver  dress,  escaping  as 
Iwfore,  and  king's  servant  cnnnol  Iraclt  her.  She  tells  stepsisters  she  saw 
lovely  stranger  slip  out  from  church  by  standing  on  top  rail  of  hoarding. 
They  drive  sharp  naits  iclo  top  of  hoarding.— (5)  Neil  Sunday  they  go  lo 
church  in  new  and  still  more  gorgeous  dresses.  Heroine  has  three  times  as 
much  wheat  lo  sort,  and  three  times  the  number  of  pigeons  perfoiin  task.  She 
goes  lo  church  in  gold  dress,  but  when  she  slips  away,  the  king's  servant  fol- 
lows quickly  and  sticks  gold  rose  mto  gate-post  of  house  she  enters.  Heroine 
tells  stepsisters  she  watched  from  mulberry-lree,  which  is  consequently  cu' 
down. — (6)  Father  is  angry  with  envious  stepsisleis,  and  takes  heroine  away 
10  cntlnge  of  childless  widow,  where  she  lives  several  weeks,  scantiiy  fed. — 
(7)  A^r  some  months  prince  comes  to  village  with  one  servant,  finds  gate- 
post with  golden  luse.  enters  house  and  asks  for  little  girl.  Stepmother 
dresses  up  her  two  daughlert  and  presents  them.  Prince  does  noi  know  ihem, 
and  asks  if  she  has  no  other  daughter,  or  if  her  husband  has  a  daughter. 
Stepmother  says  husband  has  been  dead  three  years.  Prince  departs.  Ser- 
vant takes  golden  rose  from  gate-post,  and  ibrows  it  to  the  winds.  It  floats 
in  the  air  above  their  heads,  and  fails  in  front  of  widow's  cottage.  Cock 
crowt  as  they  cross  threshold,  and  very  poor  old  woman  greels  them.  I'rince 
inqniies  if  ilie  has  daughter-  "  No."  If  she  keeps  an  orphaiL  "  Ves ;  but 
she  is  ugly  and  naughty,  and  too  diity  to  appear."  Prince  insists  on  seeing 
heroine,  who  comes  very  cleanly  dressed,  and  is  recognised.— (8)  Prince 
takes  ber  away,  after  giving  presents  to  old  woman.     Servants  lemind  him 


thai  it  IE  noi  fiiting  lo  tike  bride  hnme  in  such  sorry  pl'ghl ;  so  xhcy  halt  it  ■ 
lake,  and  he  leaves  her  ainong  (he  branches  or  weeping  •willow  till  they  re- 
turn with  EoWen  dresses  and  royal  carriage.— (g)  Heroine  has  bidden  walnuls 
in  her  liosom,  and,  to  surprise  bridegroom,  puts  on  golden  dre!^  to  await  bit 
lelum.  A  troop  of  gipsy  women  approach  tree  where  she  »iti  in  goldtn 
dre«s.  They  ([iieElion  her  till  ihe  reveals  everylhing,  and  shows  walnut?. 
Pretty  gipsy  climbs  into  tree,  flattering  her,  and  pu^es  her  into  lake. 
Heroine  transforms  herself  into  gold  duck,  and  diTes  under  water  when  ihey 
throw  stotici  at  her.  Finally,  gipsies  go  away,  leaving  duck  in  litie.  and 
pretty  gipsy  sitting  in  tree  clad  in  golden  dresa.— [loj  Prince  returns  »l  tunset, 
and  gipsy  makes  believe  lo  be  heroine  by  relating  what  she  learnt  from  htr. 
Prince  is  deceived,  though  on  way  to  palace  he  comments  on  her  funbnrnt 
fn<e.  which  she  says  is  due  lo  son's  broiling  rays,  and  will  be  pale  in  ■  few 
days.  Before  leaving  lake,  gipiy  says  she  must  have  gold  duck  shot,  lo  eal  *t 
wedding  feast.  Prince  and  servants  try  bard  to  shool  it,  bat  it  always  divea 
and  escapes.  Old  king  does  not  like  dunky  daDgbter.in'law,  and  prince  is 
unhappy  becflUFe,  after  several  months,  she  is  still  sunburnt.  Gipsy  notice* 
this,  and,  as  diversion,  announces  a  great  feather-picking  to  be  held  in  royal 
palace,  to  which  rich  and  poor  are  invited. — (ii)  Gold  d nek  hu  flown  lo 
palace,  and,  regaining  girl  form,  has  entered  service  near  lo  royal  mansion. 
She  attends  feather-picking,  and  woiks  busily.  "  Well,  dear  queen  and 
wif*,"  says  prince.  "  lell  work-people  what  happened  to  you  when  envioua 
stepsisters  forbade  your  going  to  church,  Who  helped  sort  the  wheal?" 
Gipsy  does  not  know,  so  invents,  saying,  amongst  other  things,  she  crept 
through  key-hole,  and  collected  all  girls  in  neighbourhood  lo  help  her  pick 
wheat  "That  was  not  so,"  says  heroine.  "It  was  from  chironey-llack, 
from  hoarding,  from  mulberry.tree  that  orphan  yirl  peeped.  Bat  orphan  ijirl 
lold  an  innocent  fib.  She  was  Ihe  girl  whom  prince  loved,  sought,  and 
found  ;  whom  he  left  in  the  willow-tree  ;  whom  you  pushed  into  the  lake, 
and  whom  the  prince  tried  lo  shoot.  I  am  that  orphan  girl." — (l3)  Prince 
rccogniK)  heroine.  CHpsy  faints  ;  king  has  her  quartered  and  burnt.  He 
casts  stepmother  into  prison,  and  has  stepsisters'  hair  cropped  ;  marries 
heroine's  father  lo  widow,  and  on  the  same  day  himself  marries  heroine. 


I        A.  Tj\nde':,   Ci't/fs  el  Lfgcnda:  Aanamilcs.      Saigon,    1886, 
Pp.  52-57.    No.  XXII. 

"HisToiRE  DE  Con  Tam  et  de  Con  Cam."' 
(1]  Man  has  daughter  called  Cam  :   bis  wife  has  danghler  called  Ttm. 
They  are  same  height,  and,  to  decide  which  shall  l>e  elder,  parents  tend 
them  fishing ;  whichever  takes  most  lish  shall  have  priority.     Cam  catches 
most,  but  Tam  sends  her  to  pick  water-lilies  on  the  other  side  of  river,  ai 
meanwhile,  robs  her  of  lisb. — (a)  GJnie,  seeing  Cam  cry,  lells  her  to  lake 

'   "  Cam"  is  the  hukk,  and  "  Tam"  the  broken  (uecet  of  the  rice, 


I 


iANnF.s,  190 

\  one  remaining  fish,  put  it  in  well,  and  feed  it.  One  d»y,  ttepmother 
cMche»  fish,  and  hfti  it  cooked.  C»m.  missing  il,  weep».— (3)  Catk  say*. 
'•Gi»e  me  three  grains  of  nee,  and  1  will  show  you  its  bones."  Cam 
collects  fish-hones  !  genie  bids  her  put  them  in  pots  at  four  comera  of  her 
bed.  She  does  so.  and,  at  end  of  ihree  monih«  nnd  ten  days,  finds  there 
dressM  and  a  pair  of  nhoes, — (4)  Cam  goes  to  fields  lo  dress  herself ;  shoes 
get  wet,  and  she  lakes  them  ntf  lo  dry.  Crow  carries  nne  off  lo  prince's 
palace.' — (5)  Prince  pmcls.im»  that  he  will  many  whomsoever  shoe  fits. 
Stepmother  will  not  allow  Cam  lo  try,  hot  takes  Tarn  to  palace  wiihout 
success.  Cam  begs  to  try  shoe. — 16)  Slepmother  miies  beans  and  sesame 
If^ther,  snd  says  Cam  may  go  to  palace  when  the  has  sorted  grain. 
G^nie  sends  pigeons  to  perform  taiU.  Stepmother  still  won't  let  Cam  go, 
complaining  ihal  pigeons  have  eaten  grain.  G^nie  makes  pigeons  retgrti 
what  they  have  eaten. — 17)  Cam  goes  to  palace,  puts  on  shoe,  and  marries 
prince, — (S)  Cam  is  fetched  lo  see  sick  father.  Beside  him  in  bed  some  crisp 
cake;  are  put,  which  he  breaks  in  turning.  Mother  snys  hi^  hones  make  the 
noise,  and  persiurles  Cam  to  climb  tree  10  pick  arcca  for  him.  Tam  cut* 
down  tree,  and  Com  is  killed.  T.im  dresses  in  her  clothes,  and  goes  to 
palace.  Prince  Borrows  for  Cam.  Tam  washes  clothes,  and  Cam,  trnni- 
formed   into  a   bird,  says,   "Wash   my  husband's  clothes  carefully,"  elc. 

Trince  hears  her (The  eontinnalion  is  the  same,  with  slight  varia- 

tiona,  as  that  of  No.  60,  see  inc.  t4-i9,)  When  Cam  returns  to  palace 
with  prince,  Tam  feigns  joy,  and  asks  where  she  has  been,  and  what  done  to 
make  herwlf  so  beautiful.  Cam  says,  to  become  equally  lovely,  Tam  mnst 
immerse  hetsell  in  boiling  water.  Tam  does  so,  and  dies. — (g)  Cam  salts 
her  flesh  and  sends  it  to  stepmother,  who,  (aking  it  for  pork,  begins  lo  eat  it. 
Crow  on  tree  cries,  "  Greedy  crow  devours  the  flesh  of  its  child,  and  cracks 
ils  bones."  Tam'i  mother,  enraged,  says  il  is  meat  which  her  daughter  sent. 
But  at  close  of  the  meal  she  finds  Tam's  head,  and  realises  truth. 


A,  Landes,  Coitffs  Tjnmes.     Saigon,  1S87.     No.  X,  pp.  79-93. 
"  K.MONr.  AND  Halo-k." 

(1)  Mother  cannot  lell  whether  Kajong,^  her  adopted  daughter,  or  Haliek, 
her  own  daughter,  is  Ibe  elder.  Neiiher  girl  will  consent  to  give  priority  W 
the  other.  Mother  likes  two  batkels,  gives  one  10  each  girl,  and  sends  Ihem 
fishing.  Whichever  catches  most  fish  shall  be  considered  the  elder.  Girls 
go  10  poo!  containing  all  manner  of  fish  in  great  numbers.  Kajong  gets  into 
the  water  and  catches  thirteen  fish,  half  a  basketful.  Hatrek  does  not  care  to 
go  into  water,  and  only  catches  ten  luteah.  Kajong  is  tired,  leaves  her 
tkatkel  and  rests  on  the  hank,     Hali^k   steals  her  fish,  in  that  she  has  many 

•  See  note  4S. 

'  Heroine  of  ihia  story  is  called  sometimes  Jong,  sometimes  Kajong. 
I  have  called  her  Kajong  tbroughoat  in  my  (ranilation. — Ed. 


30O  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

ind  Kajong  lew.  Sbe  denies  having  done  so,  and  Kajong  Teats  ti 
home,  lest  her  foster-mother  shnnld  beal  her.  She  tries  to  calch  more  fiih. 
but  onlf  gels  one  Ijaret.  She  gets  home  a^er  Hnlcek,  and  puts  her  fish 
[rjiirat)  in  the  well  to  nourish  it,  to  be  her  brother,  because,  lilie  herself,  it  is 
solitary,  and  takes  the  other  three  [tjaklti)  into  the  house.  Mother  says 
Halo^k  shall  be  considered  the  elder.— (i)  Mother  sends  Kajong  to  mind  the 
goats.  In  passing  well  she  talks  to  (ish,  calling  it  her  brother.  At  noon  ihe 
takes  riee  to  feed  fish,  and  every  day  shares  her  rice  with  it.  Halojlt, 
noticing  that  she  always  lakes  her  rice  away,  goes  to  !ipy.  Next  day  the 
goals  begin  to  crop  the  cotton,  and,  being  busy  in  Telching  them  back,  \ 
omits  to  visit  luh.  Haltck  takes  her  tice  to  leed  fish,  who  comes  wh 
called,  thinking  it  is  Kajong,  but  is  caught,  taken  into  the  house,  cut  in  two, 
cooked,  and  eaten  by  Haloek, — (3)  Next  day  Kajong  seeks  for  hsh  in  v: 
and  weeps  day  and  night.  She  dreams  that  (it\i  comes  to  her  and  bids  her 
not  weep,  and  tells  her  what  Haldk  has  done  :  that  she  has  put  the  bones  ir 
a  bamboo- tube  and  buried  them  bnide  the  water-jar-  "If  you  love  me,' 
says  the  fish,  "  lake  my  bones,  put  them  in  a  cocoa-nnt  shell,  and  bury  them 
at  cross-roads.  Then,  wliea  you  drive  jour  goats,  I  shall  see  your  face,  my 
sister.  If  you  do  thus,  visit  me  every  hour  of  the  day."  Kajong  weeps,  and 
next  day  does  all  that  6sli  bade  her. —(4)  On  the  following  morning  she  find* 
a  gold  shoe  at  the  >pot  where  she  buried  the  bones.  A  crow  had  carried  oB  | 
the  fellow-ihoe  and  dropped  it  in  the  palace,  where  the  king  picked  it  up- 
The  bones  were  transformed  into  these  golden  shoes.  Kajong  takes  shoe 
home  and  hides  it. — (5)  In  two  or  three  days  kin^  proclaims  in  every  village 
that  all  girlj,  big  and  little,  are  to  come  to  tiie  palace  to  try  on  the  shoe.  If 
it  Gls  ary  girl  exactly,  the  king  will  many  her.  Mother  sends  Haloek  to 
palace,  but  will  not  give  Kajong  leave. — (6)  Kajong  weeps,  and  mother, 
seeing  this,  takes  a  buuch  of  tangled  thread  and  tells  her  to  disentangle  it 
whilst  moiher  goes  to  palace.  Kajong  weeps,  and  Heaven  sends  1  number 
of  ants  to  disentangle  the  cotton. — (7I  She  gives  it  to  mother,  who  then  takes 
a  measure  of  sesame  and  a  measure  of  maJEe,  and  bids  Kajong  pour  them  into 
a  sieve  and  fori  ihem.  When  Fhe  has  done  so  she  may  go  to  palace. 
Kajong  weeps.  The  lord  Alwah'  commands  all  birds  of  the  forest,  termitei, 
ant],  scorpions,  centipedes,  yellow  cockroaches,  and  red  cockroaches  to  come 
and  help  her  pick  up  and  sort  the  grain.  This  done,  the  moiher  allows  her  j 
to  go  to  try  shoe.— (8)  Kajong  prepares  betel-leaves  and  wraps  them  in 
her  handkerchief,  allires  heneif,  takes  with  her  ihe  shoe  that  she  had 
hidden,  and  goes  atone  to  palace,  arriving  after  all  Ihe  others.  Kellecl- 
ing  on  her  lolitary  lot,  she  weeps  as  she  goes.  Then  she  has  not  coange 
to  try  shoe  like  all  the  others,  but  hides  behind  palace.  None  can  wear 
the  shoe.  King  asks  if  there  is  no  one  left  who  hat  not  yet  tried,  and 
is  (old  of  Kajong.  Servants  fetch  ber  in,  and  the  shoe  fits  her  exactly. 
King  orders  servants  lo  have  ber  bathed,  and  then  bring  her  back  as  his  bride. 

•  Akvak,  or  Aw  Lwah,  tntghl  be  •  corruption  of  Allah.    The  story  cornea 
from   heaihen  Tjamei,  who  claim   ihftt   their  Mnssnlman  congenen  adore   I 
Allah. 


LANDES.  301 

Uc  leanta  from  Kajong  that  tiec  parenti  died  during  h«r  inbncy,  uii  ihU  «he 
hu  lived  wilh  rDBler-molher.  He  uks  it  she  bas  a  slioe  like  the  one  lie  found, 
and  sbe  shows  its  fellow.  He  sees  tbat  ahe  was  destined  to  be  his  wife. — 
(9)  Meanwhile  Haloi^k  reluins  home  and  tells  moiher  that  of  all  Ihe  beautiful 
giria  who  flocked  to  palace  not  one  could  wear  the  ihoe,  aod  Kajong  has 
become  queen.  Mother  is  very  jealous.  She  goes  I0  palace,  and  with  mock 
Mrvilitjr  begs  king  to  allow  Kajong  10  return  home  for  two  or  three  days, 
promUiDg  to  bring  her  back.  King  consents,  and  bids  KijoDg  dress  in  her 
fittest  clothes  and  go  home  wilh  foster-mother.  It  is  night  when  they  arrive. 
— (10)  Mother  and  Halttk  go  indoors  10  cat  their  rice,  and  leave  Kajong 
without,  and  give  her  nothing  to  caL  She  'n  full  of  itadneas.  They  give  her 
no  mat  to  lie  down  on,  and  she  sleeps  on  a  bamboo-screen.  Next  morning 
Halrek  takes  her  to  pick  cocoa-nuts.  She  persuades  Kajong  to  climb  the 
cucoa-palm  whilst  she  remains  beneath  ;  then  ^he  takes  a  hatchet  to  cut  tree 
down.  Kajong  jumps  00  to  the  next,  and  Uilcek  then  tries  to  cut  this  one 
dosn.  Kajong  asks  why  she  is  to  unkind  to  her.  "  When  you  get  home, 
tell  your  mother  to  take  you  and  marry  you  to  my  husband."  Just  as  she  sees 
the  cocoa-palm  about  to  fait,  Kajong  throws  herself  into  the  lake  hard  by, 
and  IE  tiansformed  into  a  golden  turtle.— ( 1 1)  Halisk  goes  home,  tells  mother 
that  the  has  cm  down  tree,  and  that  Kajong  is  drowned.  They  rejoice  over 
it.  Mother  lakes  H.tlcek  to  palace,  lelti  king  that  Kajong  has  lun  away, 
■nd  she  cannot  hnd  her,  but  ihat  she  brings  her  own  daughter  for  him  tu 
mfttry.  King  accepts  her ;  but  he  is  very  sad  about  Kajong,  and  gets  no 
kleep. — |I3)  He  tells  his  servants  to  lake  him  to  hunt  deer  and  roebuck. 
They  come  lo  lake  where  Kajong  is.  He  is  heavy  with  giief,  and  rests  by 
ibc  lake,  telling  servants  lo  sound  iL  They  do  so,  and  take  a  golden  turtle. 
King  presses  11  lo  his  bosom,  takes  it  home,  and  puts  it  in  golden  basin.  He 
goes  for  a  walk,  and  Haltek  cooki  and  eats  the  golden  luitte.  She  throws 
the  canipace  behind  the  house,  and  a  bamboo-shoot  springs  from  it,  — (13)  King 
letnras,  misses  turde,  and  (luestlons  Halwk,  who  says  she  has  not  seen  it. 
He  sends  for  his  astrologers  lo  recover  it  by  divination.  Haluik  confesses 
the  truth,  making  excuse  for  her  craving  to  eat  turtle.  King  says  nothing.  A 
few  days  afterwards  he  is  walking  behind  house,  and  sees  little  bamboo 
growing,  and  is  pleased  with  it  and  handles  it.  Then  when  he  is  absent 
Halcek  picks  the  bamboo,  cooks  and  eats  it.  King  hnds  it  has  disappeared, 
qnestionE  Haluk,  and  she  leUs  of  her  longing  to  eat  it.-^l4)  The  busk  of  the 
bamboo  is  transformed  into  a  bird  {Mi],  which  comes  and  moans  before  the 
palace.  King  hears  its  moans,  and  says,  "If  you  arc  really  Kajong,  come 
in  my  sleeve."     Bird  perches 


and  cats  the  Mi.     She  thro 


t  his  arm.  In  a  few  days  Haltek  cooks 
3  the  road  outside  palace  ;  they 
turn  into  a  maiya^  tree.~(I5)  King  asks  for  bird,  and  Halxk  lays  that  il 
fell  into  pot  ai  soup  and  perished.  She  put  it  aside,  but  the  dogs  ran  ntf 
wilh  it.     King  says  nothing.     He  doe«  nothing  but  mourn  for  ibis  Ui.    The 


'  tVaiya  =  Dmpins  ibtnastet  { C&y  Ihi  in  Annamile).     The  fmit  of  thii 
e  has  a  oirong  odour.     The  seed  b?tti  a  rrsemHonce  to  the  ouiline  of 


}•" 


:  bean  but  one  fruit,  which,  when  ri 


c,  aciuires  a  peculUJ 
People  pifiing  beneath  the  tree  tooV  up.  but  the  fruit  U  inviiible.  An  old 
Annunite  woman  with  taijam  (pancaket)  for  ule  pMxi  by.  She  imelU  ilia 
lipe  (ruit,  looks  up  aod  seeti  ic  ^VhilIt  saying  hoir  much  she  would  like  to 
get  it  to  eat,  she  tees  it  dill  to  the  ground,  picks  it  up.  puts  it  in  her  basket, 
takes  il  home  and  puts  il  in  her  rice-poL  Tben  ihe  goes  to  sell  her  raljani, 
leaviDI^  house  empty. — (l6|  Kajong  comes  out  of  the  fruil,  and  caoses  to 
appear  rice,  tea.  betel,  aire,  and  all  kinds  uf  cake,  ilien  returna  into  the 
uifc&ya.  Old  woman  comes  home,  is  surprised  to  see  all  these  things  wonden 
if  anyone  withes  to  bespell  her,  but  pronounces  a  wi&h,  and  eau  rice  and  cakes 
wilbout  ill  conteqaeaces,  This  happens  agiin  two  or  three  days.  Then  old 
woman  liides,  and  sees  that  it  is  a  beautiiul  young  girl  who  bricgs  hei  the 
things.  ±the  riishei  to  take  her  by  the  hand.  Kajong  begins  to  laugh,  and 
tells  old  woman  that  she  lives  in  the  maiya,  and  old  woman  lovka  and  finds 
it  is  only  empty  peel. — (17)  Kajong  bids  her  go  and  invite  kii  g.  If  he  asks 
what  for,  she  can  say  she  is  giving  a  ri;ast.  Old  woman  hesitalea  about 
brioging  king  to  such  a  wietched  house.  Kajong  sayt,  when  she  retunu  it 
will  be  a  fine  mansion.  Old  woman  goes  to  palace  :  dogs  baik  at  her.  She 
sends  message  to  king,  who  orders  his  palanquin.  When  they  Cliry  him  ont- 
side  itiey  find  a  carpet  spread  from  the  palace  In  old  woman's  hoUM,  which 
slie,  is  surprised  to  see  so  grand.  King  enters  ;  Kajong  bids  old  woman  hand 
him  basket  of  cakei.  He  eats  them,  and  duds  they  are  like  those  Kijocg  used 
to  make,  and  asks  old  woman  who  made  them.  She  does  not  know.  He 
chews  some  beiel,  and  finds  it  just  like  Kajong 's.  He  sighs,  and  Kajong 
sighs  loo— (iS|  He  heari  the  sich,  sees  Kajong,  and  embraces  her,  weeping. 
He  recompenses  old  woman  wiih  gold  and  silver,  and  lakes  Kajong  back  to 
palace.  HaiiEk  is  much  concerned  at  seeii>g  her,  bat  fe'gui  welcome. 
KajoDg  tells  king  all  ihat  has  happened  to  her :  how  Halak  cut  down  palm 
so  ihat  »he  fell  into  lake,  and  all  that  followed.— <ig)  Next  day  Halcek  talks 
to  Kajong,  She  asks  what  she  does  to  make  her  !.kui  so  fair.  Kajong  says  in 
joke  that  she  plunges  into  boiling  water.  Halo;k  does  so,  and  is  scalded  to 
death. — (30)  Kajong  tells  servants  to  cut  up  body  and  salt  it,  then  take  it  to 
mother,  and  if  khc  asks  what  it  is,  say  that  it  is  some  salt  lish  which  Hakek 
sends  her,  and  Ihat  Halcek  invites  her  to  come  and  tee  her.  Servants  ob<T. 
Mother  goes  lo  palace,  and  is  puuled  10  see  Kajong  instead  of  Halcek.  She 
is  ashamed  before  Kajong,  and  relums  home.  She  has  eaten  nearly  all  the 
salted  food  when  she  comes  upon  a  hand  wearing  ring,  which  she  recogniaea 
as  Halak's.     The  liuth  is  dear  to  her. 


£mile  LecKAND,  Secueil  de  Contts  populairts  Grecs,  iraduits  sur 
tes  texies  orlgiiiaux.     Puis,  1S81.     (Collected  from  the  Island    ' 
of  Cyprus  by  Athanasios  Sakellarios.)     I'p.  93-100. 
''Cesdrillon." 
(See  No,  33.) 


Ihid.,  |»p.  2'7'^S-     (Collected  in  Smyrna  by  Mr.  Hyperide.     The    \ 
text  hiis  not  been  published] 

"XVLOMAKIE," 

(I)  Queen  dies,  luving  thiee  daughten.  Sbe  hu  asked  Vxn^  to  xnaxrj 
no  oDc  wbom  het  clolhet  will  not  fil. — (2)  One  day  youngeBt  daughter  trin 
them  OD ;  tbej  lii  her ;  the  king  tees  her,  and  says  he  must  marry  her,  though 
hudaughler. — (3)  SbedemaDds.lirsI,  ihree  robes — "skywith  slan";  "ground 
with  iloweis"  ;  "  to  with  fUhes".  King  procuics  ihem.  Meanwhile  a  woik- 
inu  nukes  wooden  iheatb  to  hi  heroiae'a  body. — (4)  Sbe  tikes  the  thice 
r  jbes  and  sets  olf  in  tbe  wooden  case  to  elude  father.  Wanders  from  moantain 
to  mouQtain  ;  fills  in  with  prince  and  his  retinue  hanling.  — (5)  They  lake  her 
10  palace  ;  try  her  with  horse's  food  and  bird's  food  in  vain  ;  find  she  eals 
human  food,  with  which  they  supply  ber.  She  lodges  about  the  stables,  and 
u  suppused  to  be  some  sliange  half-human  creature.  Uoes  about  courtyard  ; 
watches  <]ueen  cooking  ;  is  bit  with  gridiron.  Queen  bakes,  and  Wooden 
Marj  brings  the  faggots  ;  queen  hits  her  with  foniace' besom.  Queen  sewt ; 
Wooden  Mary  confuses  and  tangles  the  bobbins  ;  queen  hits  bet  with  bobbins. 
Haiy  goes  to  stables, — (6)  Prince  sets  off  to  royal  wedding  in  onuther  country. 
Heroine  puis  on  "sky  and  stars"  dress,  and  ts  at  wedding  in  b  moment  on 
line  horse.  Prince  after  prince  offeis  to  help  her  dismount  ;  &be  accepts  only 
prince  who  bad  taken  her  to  palace.  Says  the  comes  from  Giilville  (Gndiroa 
Town).  Stays  with  prince  bU  the  time  of  wedding.  Finds  him  once  asleep  ; 
lakes  otr  his  ring ;  mounts  her  boise,  and  returns  home  as  Wooden  Maxy. 
Prince  lelnnn  sod  ;  makes  vain  inquiries  after  Grilville. — (7)  Goes  to  another 
muriige.  Maty  follows  in  lobe  of  "  sea  and  fishes".  Prince  delighted.  She 
ays  she  is  from  Ecouvillonville  (Besom  Town),  This  time  she  gtis  away  bis 
watch  and  chain,  and  is  off  again. — (S)  Third  marriage,  as  before  ;  sbe  comes 
from  Bobiaerille  (Bobbin  Town),  wears  dress  hke  "ground  with  fiowen"; 
gets  away  prince's  waich.key.— (ci)  Pimce  reiums  home  and  is  sitk  and  sad. 
Queen  makes  cakes  fur  him  -,  thioivs  some  of  the  dough  to  Wooden  Mary, 
ning  about  her  whilst  she  is  kneading  llonr.  Atory  lakes  it  to 
stables;  makes  three  little  cakes  enclosing  ihe  ring,  the  watch  and  chain,  and 
the  watch-key.  Gets  cakes  into  stove  corner;  all  the  others  overbaked  ; 
prince  takes  only  her  three;  finds  lost  articles,  and  intjuircs. — (to)  He 
watches  Mary  ;  sees  her  open  wooden  sheath  and  cat  in  stables ;  marries  her. 
Grat  rejoidngs. 


CIMDERELLA    VARIANTS. 


'  Leskien  und  Brugman,   Litauische    VolksUeder  und  Mdrehen,    I 
aus  dem  preussischen  und  dem  russischen  Lilauen.    Strasburg, 
1882.     Pp.  443-47-     No.  XXIV. 

"Von  der  Ratte,  die  den  Konigssohn  zum  Mann  beram." 

(I)  King  haa  beautiful  wife  and  beautiful  daugbler.  When  his  wife  dies  he 
seeks  another,  but  finding  no  one  ai  beautiful  as  his  daughter,  he  wants  to 
■narry  her.— (a)  At  night  heroine  sits  at  her  wiadoar  weeping.  Her  mother 
appears  to  her,  and  asks  why  she  weeps  ;  then  bids  her  demand  from  father 
a.  sun-dress,  sun-gloves,  and  sun-shoes  before  she  will  many  him. — (3)  Father 
obtains  these  j  heroine  again  weeps  at  her  window.  Mother  now  bids  her 
demand  mooa-otlire  and  slar-attire.  Father  providesboth  ;  then  heroine  asks 
him  to  wait  one  night  longer,  because  she  wants  to  consult  her  mother  once 
more. — (4)  At  twelve  o'clock  mother  appears  and  advises  her  lo  ask  father 
for  a  dress  made  of  rat^kin,  and,  having  obtained  this,  lo  tie  her  clothes 
together  in  a  bundle,  and  go  to  the  bath,  saying  she  it  going  to  get  heraelf 
rcadjr  and  10  wash  herself.  .Mother  promibes  to  come  ihin  ajid  cany  her  olT 
in  a  hurricane, — (5)  Heroine  does  as  bidden:  she  packs  her  magic  dresses 
together,  goes  to  Ihe  bath,  and  dons  the  rat-skin.  Mother  comes  and  whirl* 
her  away  in  a  storm  lo  the  forest,  and  deposits  her  by  a  stone  cross  at  the  side 
of  the  road.— <6|  Ttic  alone  opens,  and  when  heroine  has  laid  her  boodle 
of  clothes  inside,  it  closes  again. — (7)  Meanwhile,  the  king,  wailing  in  vain  for 
heroine  to  come  out  of  bath,  at  length  sends  servants  to  find  her.  When  they 
report  her  absent,  he  takes  his  gun  and,  in  his  lage,  shoots  himself  dead. — 
(S)  A  king  passing  by  the  stone,  sees  a  rat  lying  in  the  load.  Rat  speaki,  and 
Bsks  king  lo  lake  her  with  him  10  his  cisile.  King  is  pleased  with  the  animal, 
takes  it  home,  giving  it  into  (he  care  of  a  lackey. — I9I  One  day  king's  sod  is 
gelling  ready  for  church,  and  lackey  has  forgotten  to  clean  his  boou.  Rat 
cleans  them,  and  takes  them  to  king's  son,  who  throws  a  boot  after  her  for 
daring  to  appear  before  him. — (10)  He  rides  off  lo  church,  and  rat  begs 
lackey  to  allow  her  lo  go.  He  sayi  she  must  nut  be  away  more  than  an  hour. 
Heroine  runs  10  stone,  dons  star-dress,  star-gloves,  and  star-shoes,  and  goes 
lo  church.  She  htls  the  church  with  rays  of  light ;  everyone  looks  at  her,  and 
when  sheleavet,  king's  son  asks  her  whence  she  comes.  "  From  Boot  Castle.'' 
"  Where  is  that?"  he  asks.  She  cannot  lell  him  that,  for  when  she  Is  at  home 
she  is  not  this  same  lorely,  stately  maiden.  She  leaves  her  clothes  at  stone, 
and  returns  in  rat-skin  lo  castle.  King's  son  tells  his  patents  and  brother* 
and  sisters  about  lovely  lady.  No  one  has  ever  heard  of  Boot  Castle. — 
(ll|  Next  Sunday  king's  son  sits  at  table  to  eat  something  before  goin)c  lo 
churcli,  and  the  lackey  having  forgoiien  a  knife,  the  ral  britigi  him  one. 
King's  ion  throws  knife  after  her,  scolding  her  for  coming,— (iz)  Heroine 
wears  moon-dres.s,  moon-gloves,  and  moon^shoes  to  chureh,  and   aflerwardt 


I 

4 


'  For  abalract  of  this  story  see  Appendix. 


LESKIEJf    LND   tlKllGMAf 


30s 


Mjrslbe  comes  From  Knife  Cutle.  The  young  men  coaki  togetba  ms  lo  some 
means  of  tracing  her,  and  decide  [o  place  a  birrel  ot  Ur  outside  Ihe  church 
neil  Sunday,  and  when  she  is  about  to  lesve.  lo  pour  some  of  the  tnr  out  on 
the  chance  of  one  of  her  shoes  stick i ng  lo  il, — (13)  Next  Sunday. when  king's 
sot)  it  washing  his  face  for  church,  the  towel  is  missing  ;  he  calls  out  for  one, 
and  ihe  rat  hands  it  bim.  He  strikes  her  with  it. — ( 14)  Lackey  says  rat  must 
not  be  amy  more  than  an  hour  and  a  half.  She  dons  sunatlire,  and  g^ies  to 
church.  The  young  men  pour  out  some  tar,  and  she  loses  one  of  her  shoes. 
King's  son  piclu  it  up,  and  then  asks  heroine  whence  she  comes.  "  From 
Towel  Castle,"  she  says.  When  aslicd  whether  it  is  far  off,  she  lajn,  "Whether 
lor  or  near,  you  will  knov  one  of  tbeie  days,  when  everything  comes  to  light." 
Ileroloe  presenlly  bears  him  tell  parents  about  shoe,  and  all  that  baa  happened. 
—(I J)  He  setK  out  tu  seek  Boot  Castles,  Knife  Castte,  and  Towel  Castle.  But 
none  can  show  him  the  way.  He  tries  the  shoe  upon  all  girls  and  women, 
rich  and  poor.  It  is  too  small  for  some,  loo  large  for  olhets,  and  fits  nobody. 
— (16)  Then  he  turns  back  home,  and  tries  it  on  everybody  in  castle,  at  length 
iendin£  for  the  rat  also.  Rat  agrees  to  try  it  on,  but  iL  must  be  in  a  dark  room, 
and  prince  must  not  be  present.  Being  taken  to  a  dark  room,  ibe  throws  olT 
tat'skin,  and  Ihe  whole  room  is  lit  up  by  her  clothes.  AH  exclaim;  the 
shoe  fits  her,  and  the  prince,  who  peeps  through  the  key-bole,  recot^nisei  the 
lady  be  has  seen  in  church,  bursts  open  the  door,  and  embraces  her.— (17)  He 


k 


JUJ.,    ])p.    447-50.      No.   XXV.      (Traaslaled   from   Muravske    *JQ 

ndrodiii po/iiidky  a pmiesti,  Sebral  a  napsal  Fr.  M.  Viina.) 
"Von  DEM  Mauchen,  das  linl  Hlxe  zur  Stiekmuiter  haitte." 
{0  Widow,  who  is  a  witch,  has  three  daughters;  one  with  one  eye,  one 
with  two  eyes,  one  with  three  eyes.  Widow  monies  widower  with  one 
daughter,  whom  she  ill-treats  and  sends  daily  to  mind  the  cows. — 
(3)  She  gives  her  a  sackful  of  flax  lo  spin,  weave,  bleach,  and  bring  home 
finished  at  nigbu  Heroine  goes  10  chuichyard,  and  weeps  on  mother's  grave 
till  her  tears  bedew  it.  Mother  undergronnd  aays,  "  It  is  not  rain,  nor  is  it 
snow ;  il  is  dew  falling  from  the  trees."  "  It  is  neither  rain  nor  snow,  nor  is 
it  dew  ;  I  aic  weeping  here  upon  your  grave  !"  Then  mother  asks  why  she 
weepi,  and  learns  about  cruel  slepmol her  and  the  impossible  task.  "  When 
you  gel  to  the  beld  with  your  herd  you  will  find  a  cow  amongst  ihem  ;  put 
liu!  flax  in  one  of  her  ears,  and  you  candraw  the  linen  out,  all  ready  ipun. 
woven,  and  bleached,  at  the  other."     Heroine  does  so.  and  stepmother  marvels 

10  see  task  accomplished. — (3]  Next  morning  she  gives  her  mure  llai,  and 
send?,  one-eyed  daughter  to  spy.  They  reach  the  field,  and  young  wilcb.  seeing 
sack  of  flai  untouched,  uys,  "Why  don't  you  work?  You  will  never  be 
finished  by  evening."  Heroine  oflers  to  search  slepiiislei's  head.  "  tio ; 
you  work  t"    But  (cclmg  sleepy,  and  head  being  irritable,  she  agrees  lo  have 

11  seaixhcd.  "F.ia  popcia,  sleep,  One-Eye  1"  says  heroine.  And  she  sleeps. 
Then  heroine  puts  Qax  in  cow's  ear,  and  draws  it  out  spun.    She  wakes  step* 


io6 


CrNDEREI 


UANTS, 


sistec,  and  they  go  home.  iilepsisteT  lells  moibcr  sbe  fell  ojilecp,  and  a 
nottuDg.— (4)  Third  day  heroine  his  ODOther  sackful  of  ilax  to  spin ;  two- 
eyed  stepsiitcr  is  sent  to  spy,  bnl  goes  lo  sleep.  On  the  fourth  day  ihiee- 
eyed  stepsister  accompanies  heioine,  who  sends  two  of  her  eyes  lo  sleep 
during  hairdressing.  Third  eye  stays  avake  and  sees  everything. — (5)  Step- 
sister reports  to  witch,  who  forthwith  kills  the  cow.  Heroine  goes  agan  to 
ehorchynrd  and  weeps  on  mother's  grave.  "1?  it  rain,  is  it  snow?  No,  the 
dew  drops  from  the  trees."  "It  is  not  rain,"  etc.  Mother  asks  why  she 
weeps,  and  hearing  tint  cow  is  slain,  bids  her  go  home,  ask  them  to  give  her 
the  paunch  lo  wash,  and  take  it  to  the  pond.  Whilst  washing  it  she  will  End 
inside  a  ring,  a  barleycorn,  and  on  oat.  These  she  must  take  hotne  and  plant 
in  the  earth  beneath  the  window.— (6)  Heroine  does  so,  and  next  morning 
finds  at  the  spot  a  well  full  of  wine  and  an  apple-tree  with  ripe  apples.  King's 
son  passes  by,  and  wants  some  of  ihe  wine  and  apples.  He  sends  for  the  witch 
10  give  him  some  ;  but  at  her  approach  the  nine  sinks  deep  down,  and  the 
apples  rise  up  out  of  reach.  Heroine  draws  near,  and  the  wine  rises  agun  in 
liie  well,  and  the  apples  bow  down  to  her.  She  draws  wine  and  picks  apples 
for  the  prince,  who  is  so  delighted  that  he  says  he  will  marry  her.  Then  he 
departs. — (7)  Witch  having  overheard,  shuts  heroine  up  in  a  room,  intending 
to  substitute  one  of  her  own  daughters  a»  prince's  bride.  She  accordingly 
dresses  her  up  for  church  on  the  wedding-day.  bat  cannot  get  on  the  shoes 
which  prince  had  given  to  heroine.  Witch  hacks  a  piece  off  daughter's  hot, 
forces  on  the  shoe,  and  starts  her  lo  church. — (S)  Heroine  has  to  go  oat  and 
mind  the  cows  again.  In  the  form  of  a  bird  !ihe  Hies  to  the  prince,  saying, 
"Kuku,  kuku,  the  young  witch  has  had  her  feet  pared."  Prince  looks  al 
feet  of  the  false  bride,  sends  her  off  at  once,  and  marries  heroine. 


I  220    ^'    LooTENs,    Oude  Kindtn'erteliels 
Brussels,  1S6S. 


n  den  Bnigsduii    Tongval, 
1'-  55. 

"Vuiltji-vaegt-den-Oven"  (Slut  sweeps  the  Oven  [ChimneyJ). 

(l)  King  has  three  daughters,  and  asks  which  loves  him  best.  EMcst 
daughter  loves  him  "as  the  apples  of  her  eyei"  ;  Ihe  second,  "as  her  life"; 
the  youngest,  who  is  busj  putting  salt  into  her  roilh-porridge,  says,  "  lu  mIi". 
— (I)  She  is  driven  out,  bat  is  allowed  to  take  her  dresses  with  her,  tnd  «>n> 
ceals  them  in  the  trunk  of  a  hollow  tree.  Pie^ectly  she  meets  poor  peasant 
girl,  with  whom  she  exchanges  clothes,  and,  after  wandering  far  away,  she 
reaches  a  caslle,  knocks,  and  asks  leave  to  enter  and  stay  the  night,  being  t, 
poor  girl,  hungry  and  lired.  She  is  admitled. — (3)  Next  day  she  ofifci*  lo  do 
all  manner  of  work  if  she  may  stay.  Tliey  lei  her  remain.— <4l  On  Sunday 
she  may  go  lo  church  on  condition  that  she  kneels  in  a  comer  out  of  sight. 
Vuiltji  fetches  blue  satin  dtest  and  slippers  from  hollow  tree.  go«3  to  chuith, 
and  kneels  in  ibe  midst  of  the  B^semhly.  The  "  son  of  Ihe  castle"  ia  ptctml, 
and  when  heroine,  running  lo  the  hollow  tree  after  church,  lose;  one  of  hvr 
blue  satin  slippers,  be  picks  it  up.     At  dinner  the  slipper  i*  produced,  bnt  fit)- 


5 

I 


LOOTENS. — LUZEL. 


307 


I 
I 


nobody.  Vniltji  ukt  leave  to  try  it,  and  it  fits  her.  "  Well,"  says  the  Udy, 
"  yoD  hkve  boutiful  feci,  Vuiltji  t" — (5)  Next  Sunday  heroine  goes  la  ctiocch 
is  red  liitin  dre!»  and  red  salin  gtove5.  She  loses  a  glove.  It  will  lit  nobody. 
VuiUji  ihows  her  hands.  "My  hinds  are  not  Dgly  ;  let  ine  try."  Glavc  fits 
her.  "  Well,  you  hare  beauliful  hinds  !" — (6)  Next  Sunday  heroine  wears  a 
white  dlk  dress  Id  church,  and  many  diamond  rings,  one  of  which  she  loses. 
At  the  dinner-table  all  h^tpens  as  usual.  "  Has  no  one  seen  V.  in  church  ?" 
aiks  my  lady.  No  ;  bat  son  has  ihrice  seen  the  satne  lovely  lady,  who  ha; 
lost  a  diamond  ring.  Nobody  but  V.  ean  wear  ii.  Son  niks  whether  he 
may  many  ihis  beauliful  lady,  if  only  lie  con  find  her.  Mother  says  he  may. 
— (7J  Vuiltji  olTers  lo  lelch  her,  and  runs  lo  hollow  tree,  dres!cs,  jumps  into  a 
carriage,  and  drives  lo  castle.  All  wonder  who  she  is.  She  says  she  is  a 
king's  daughter,  outcitt  by  her  father.  Son  marries  her,  and  ihey  go  to  her 
Tithcr. — (81  Elder  dauyhlcrs  have  deserted  him,  making  him  sorely  repent 
having  turned  out  the  youn^jest.  They  live  with  heroine's  falher,  and,  when 
he  dies,  her  husband  is  kio);  in  his  Head. 


LUZEL,  ConUs  populaires  dt  Basu-Bretagnt.     Paris,  1S87,     Vol.    ' 
tii,  pp.   134-166.     (Related   by  Pierre  le  Roux,  baker  in  the 
village  of  Plouaret.     December  1869.) 

"  Le  Chat  No[r."' 

(ll  Widower  with  beiutifiit  and  good  daughter,  Yvonne,  marries  widow 
wilb  ugly,  disagreeable  daughter,  Lottisc.  Stepmother  slights  Yvonne,  and 
dothes  her  meanly,  whilst  her  own  daughter  has  cosily  raiment.  Yet  only 
heroine  gels  compliments  and  attention,  so  that  stepmother  resolves  to  get  nd 
of  her. — (a)  Every  day  she  is  sent  at  sunrise  to  wide  moor  lo  lend  little  black 
cow,  with  orders  not  to  return  till  sundown.  She  takes  little  piece  of  black 
bread,  and  liltle  dog  Fidcle  accompanies  her.  She  pets  black  cow,  calling  11 
"  my  liltle  golden  heart". — (j)  It  grows  quite  fat  under  her  care,  and  slep- 
mnihcr,  seeing  how  she  loves  it,  resolves  to  have  it  slain.  Two  liltle  gold 
shoes  are  found  near  its  heart.  Stepmother  seizes  them,  saying  they  will  do 
for  her  daughter  on  her  marriage-day. — 14)  Prince,  having  heard  of  the 
beauty  and  sweetness  of  Yvonne,  comes  10  see  her.  Stepmother  dresses  her 
in  atepsistei's  clothes  and  presents  her  to  prince,  who  is  charmed  with  her, 
and  would  wed  her.  Wedding-day  is  (iied,  and  he  departs.  On  appointed 
day  stepmother  substitutes  own  daughter,  and  shuts  heroine  in  tnrrel'ioom. — 
(S)  Slcptisler  cannot  wear  gold  ihoes  found  in  cow,  so  they  clip  her  toes  and 
heels.  Prince  comes  in  stale  to  fetch  bride ;  is  daailed  by  Ihe  glitter  ol  the 
diamonds  and  does  not  detect  the  fraud. — (6)  Litlle  dog  Fldele  11  on  the 
steps  when  carriage  starts,  and  b^ins  yelping  and  saying,  ' '  Hep-hi  !  Iiep-hi  ! 
hep-hi  I  without  her,  without  her,  without  her '"  and,  when  carriage  drives 
out  of  the  court,  he  runn  after  il,  saying  : 


'  See  note  4^ 


KIANTS. 

"  The  ugly,  frowniDg  diughler  goes, 
With  clipped  heels  and  clippM  toes  ! 
Alas !  in  prison  ihey  are  keeping 
The  lair  one,  weary  with  her  weeping  !" 

Bill  nooe  heeds.     When  false  bride  alights  at  the  church  the  euinot  waJkjl 
and  cries  with  pain.— (7)    Prince  looki  at  her,  and,   full  of  indignntioii 
imposture,  sends  her  back.— (8)  Mother  returns  with  her,  vowing  vengeaooe,  * 
and  on  the  way  they  visit  old  witch,  who  promisci  help.     Stepmother  U  [a  ga 
home  and  kill  black  cat  which  is  in  castle,  prepare  it  like  jugged  hare,  u)d 
give  it  to  heroine  to  eat.    Next  day  she  will  be  found  dead.     Stepmother 
does  as  bidden,  and,  with  hypocritical  mien,  takes  dish  to  heroine,  who  eall,~ 
it,  and  is  soon  afterwards  very  ill.    In  the  night  she  vomits,  and  next  dfM 
when  stcpmolher  comes  expecting  to  tind  her  dead,  she  is  looking  pale,  w 
says  how  ill  she  has  been.     "The  accursed  snake"  goes,  in  her  dis^pmntJ 
menl,  to  tell  witch  of  the  plan's  failure.— (9)  Witch  counsels  her  to  gt 
of  heroine  by  simply  making  life  at  home  unendurable  to  her  and  10  fi 
She  does  so,  and  father  and  daughter  resolve  to  cross  the  sen.    They  s( 
secretly  by  night ;  stepmother  runs  after  them,  telling  father  he  has  foigotten  ' 
his  little  red  book.     He  returns  for  ii,  leaving  heroine  in  the  boat ; 
mother  unties  the  rope,  and  boat  drifts  away  with  heroine.     She  lands,  after 
several  days,  on  a  little  desert  island.     Wandering,  sad  and  lonely,  along  the 
shore,  she  perceives  a  little  door,  which  opens  when  she  strikes  it,  and  admits 
her  10  little  grotto,  containing  a  few  necessary  utensils,  a  bed,  etc,  but  no 
human  being.     Thinking  it  a  hermitage,  she  sits  down  on  a  stool  to  await 
hermit.     He  comes  not,  and,  being  hungry,  she  wanders  along  the  b 
and  finds  shell-fish,  which  she  eais  raw.     She  sleeps  in  grotto,  and  next  day  J 
explores  the  island,  findit^  shell-Gsh  and  Iruit.— (10)  After  three  week**] 
begins  to  feci  very  ill ;  thinks  it  is  the  shell-lish.    She  gives  birth  to  a  black  1 
kitten ;  is  much  puzzled  ;  rears  it  as  (hough  it  was  child.    It  grows  a  handiODe  1 
cat,  and  speaks  to  her,  bidding  her  be  comforted ;  she  will  nut  always  be  uhuned 
of  bim  1  he  will  one  day  recompense  bet  love.     She  is  to  make  him  a  WAllet 
for  bis  shouldeii  ;  he  will  fetch  het  food  from  nearest  town.— (it)  She  fears  ta   | 
let  bim  cross  sea  alone  1  he  swims  like  a  tish,  and  lands  at  a  port  sucli  ■ 
Lannion  or  Trtguier.     Schoolboys  chose  and  throw  stones  at  cat.     He  takM.I 
rcIuEC  in  house  beloiiginii  to  Mr.  Rio,  and  begins  ciying,  "  Miaou  1"    Cook  J 
goes  to  drive  him  away  with  broom,  when  he  inquires  if  Mr.  Rio  ii  01  home^ 
He  is  not  just  now  ;  will  be,  to  dinner.     Cat  has  not  time  to  wait,  bnl  askftfl 
cook  to  put  into  his  wallet  the  fowl  on  the  spit,  and  a  good  s 
Cook  hesitates  ;  cat  helps  himself  (o  fowl,  bacon,  and  a  bottle  of  good  wini^  I 
and  putting  all  into  wallet,  says  good-bye  to  astonished  girl,  and  departs  |o  I 
his  motlier  on  isUnd.     Mr.  Rio  returns,  scolds  servant,  and  bears  about  k' 
cat. — (13)  Ttovisions  being  exhausted,  cat  goes  again  to  Mr.  Rto't.     Cook  J 
calls  master  down.     He  is  startled  to  hear  cot  asking  for  food,  but  hann 
loaded  gun  in  his  hand,  tells  cats  to  he  olT,  or  he  will  shout.    Cat  Hies  at  hi 
face  till  he  cries  for  niocy.     Cat  releases  him,  and  given  him  some  adt^i 
Mr.  Kio  has  a  rival  viho  is  laying  a  trap  lor  him,     Hit  lady-love  will  f^im 


LU/F.L.  309 

hunting'pany,  followed  t>y  feasl.  There  will  not  be  eoough  Ixdi  ;  they  raiat 
sleep  two  logclhet ;  he  will  be  wiih  his  rival,  who  will  take  aide  next  will. 
When  he  sleeps  Mr.  Rio  ninil  change  places  with  him,  put  out  light,  and 
feign  sleep.  Lady  will  murdci  the  man  on  ouuide,  Rio  is  alarmed,  ihuiks 
cat,  lilU  his  wallet,  and  bids  him  retam  when  in  want  of  funhet  provinont. — 
(13)  He  follows  cat's  advice,  and  all  happens  its  forelold.  When  his  rival  is 
murdered  he  tries  to  escape  from  windows,  but  finds  ihem  barred,  and  door  is 
locked.  Ncit  morning  hoslesi  pretends  not  to  know  why  Rio  and  companion 
do  not  appear.  He  is  apparently  guilty  of  murder,  is  bound  and  cast  into 
dui^eon,  dragged  n«t  day  id  scafliild,  when  on  n  roof  he  sees  black  cat, 
which  springs  10  his  side,  and  bids  execuuoners  not  strike  an  innocent  man, 
but  look  Bl  the  guiitT  ;  and  cat  points  to  Chitelaine  in  her  balcony.  She 
scTMnu  and  IkinLs  ;  15  eicculed  in  Rio'i  stead.— (14)  Cat  returns  to  island  ; 
tells  mother  she  must  marry  Mr.  Rio  ;  then  goes  to  Rio,  who  is  greatly  dis- 
tressed to  be  told  he  must  marry  cat's  molher.  Cat  steals  fine  dress  and 
jewels  From  a  marchioness,  and  lakes  boat  to  island  to  fetch  mother.  Mr. 
Rio  is  enchanted  with  her  benuly.  They  ore  married. — (15]  After  festivities 
tat  wants  to  visit  moiher's  kinsfolk.  Father  is  delighted,  and  slepmothei  and 
stepsister  feign  joy  and  hold  ^reat  feasl.  Witch  is  invited,  but,  on  recognising 
lilMk  cat  under  table,  ihe  leaves  in  a  trice,  feigning  illness.  Cat  jumps  on 
table  1  stepmother  would  drive  11  away.  Cat  challenges  her  to  turn  him  out, 
and  sayi  wilch  must  be  fetched  back.— (16)  Cat  and  witch  engage  in  single 
combat  in  courtyard  ;  guests  look  on.  First  Ihi^  vomit  water  one  against  the 
other ;  cat  wins.  Then  they  have  contest  with  wind,  blowing  on  each  oiha; 
c*I  blotn  witch  about  like  n  straw  till  she  cries  for  mercy.  Lastly  they  vomit 
lire  ;  cat  vorolls  Uirice  as  much  as  witch,  who  is  reduced  10  ashes.  Cat  says 
he  musi  recompense  stepmother  for  her  treatment  of  his  mother  V'vonne,  and 
recalls  the  ragQlU  of  hare.  He  vomits  fire  over  her  till  she  is  reduced  (o 
asliet.  He  pardonsstepsister.— (17)  Then  cat  bids  Mr.  Rio  put  him  on  his 
buck  on  the  lable  and  cut  him  open.  Rio  objects,  but  b  persuaded  to  obey, 
and  when  cat  is  cut  open  a  beautiful  prince  steps  out  and  >ays  he  is  the 
grexteai  migidan  that  ever  lived. 


/3iif.,  vol.  iii,  pp.  247-Gt.     No.  V.     (Told  by  Barhe  Tassel,         ITT  J 
Plouaret,  1869.) 

"La  Fille  du  Roi  d'Espagne. ' 

(I)  King  0/  Spain,  in  his  grief  at  wife'*  death,  vows  to  himself  never  to 
marry  again,  unless  he  can  find  someone  exactly  tike  her.  and  who  can  wear 
her  wedding  clothes. — (z)  His  daughter,  aged  eighteen,  is  just  like  mother, 
and,  one  day  in  play,  puts  on  wedding  clothes,  which  lit  her  perfectly.  Father 
embraces  her,  crying,  ■'  My  wife  I  I  have  found  my  wife  again."  He  seeks 
to  marry  her. — (3)  In  her  distrem,  the  consults  old  woman  dwelling  in  hut  in 
Forest  neai,  who  bid(  her  ask  lather  for  dress  like  the  stars.    This  he  at  length 


5IO  CINDERELLA  Variants. 

procures ;  and,  nFter  long  seeking,   linds,  in  tutn,  dress  like  ihe  moon  and 

dress  tike  the  sun.— (4]  Heroine  most  now  put  dresses  in  box,  and  escape  ■( 

night  from  Tather's  hoose.     She  sets  out,  clid   like  •  working-girl.     King 

sends  soldierii  after  hor,  but  she  hides  under  arch  of  bridge   while  they  pui 

by.    She  reaches  castle,  and  asks  lodging  Tor  Ihe  night.    Thef  take  her  in, 

out  of  pity.— (5)  Neil  day  she  begs  to  be  retained  as  servsnt,  and  is  engaged 

10  lend  swine.     She  spend;  each  dny  in  the  wa«di  surrounding  castle.     She 

earriei  box  about  with  her,  and  one  day  puts  on  star  dress. — (6)  The  jomig 

lord  of  the  castle,  who  is  hunting  in  forest,  catches  sight  of  her,  and  hurries 

loHraids  her.     But  she  has  seen  him  approaching,  and  hastily  doHs  dress,  and 

hides  hax  in  the  thicket.     When  he  comes  up  he  only  6nds  swineherd,— {7) 

Next  day  she  dons  moon  dress,  and  disappoints  him  in  same  wfty.     He  uks 

her  if  she  did  not  see  beautiful  princess  just  now  ;  the  says  no, — (8)  Next  day 

she  dont  sun  dress,  and  the  birds  in  trees  overhead  hop  about,  singing  with 

joy,  and  even  the  swine  grunt  in  admiration.     Young  lord,  who  has  been 

watching  her  from  behind  tiee-ttunk,  runs  towards  her,  but  trips  and  falUinto 

ditch  hidden  by  ferns  and  long  grass.      Heroine  has  just  lime  to  doff  dras 

before  he  reaches  her,  and  he  returns  home  planning  means  to  unravel  llie 

mystery. — (9)  His  mother  is  annious  for  his  marriage,  and  three  young  girl* 

are  invited  to  spend  a  few  days  at  the  castle.    The  evening  they  are  to  arrive 

he  takes  his  gun,  and  says  he  will  shoot  game  for  them.     But  he  goes  straight 

to  farm-house  on  the  skirts  of  the  wood,  and  asks  farmer's  wife  to  allo»  him  to 

pass  three  or  four  days  and  nights  in  a  bed  under  stain  where  daylight  cannot 

enter,     She  ofTers  him  ralhei  a  feather-bed  in  best  room,  which  he  dedinet. 

He  icUs  her  to  go  next  rooming  to  castle  and  beg  a  little  fresh  broth  for  poor 

beggar-Homan,  to  whom  she  is  giving  sheltvr.      If  asked  whether  she  hu 

seen  him,   she  roust  say  no.    Woman  does  ns  bidden.     At  the  castle  thej 

inquire  about  young  lord,  and  she  says  she  has  not  seen  him, — (10)  One  of 

the  three  visitors  rc-tums  with  hci,  wishing  to  see  sick  woman.     Lady  want*  • 

light.     This  is  not  permitted.     She  asks  supposed  beggar-woroan  howsheu, 

and  is  answered  in  a  feeble  voice,  that  she  li  certainly  dying,  and  that  what 

tioublei  her  ihe  most  is  that  tor  want  of  care  she  has  let  her  child  die.   Voutig 

lady  says  thai  must  not  trouble  her  ;  she  herself  bad  a  child,  and  no  one  knew 

of  it.     She  gives  beggar  a  piece  of  gold. — (n)  Next  day,  when  fermet's  wife 

fetches  broth  Irom  castle,  anolhi;r  of  the  young  ladies  returns  with  her.  Same 

conversation  takes  place,  and  young  lady  confesses  she  has  had  two  children, 

and  has  let  them  both  die.    She  gives  sick  person  two  pieces  of  gold. — (iz) 

Next  day  third  young  lady  comes,  and  says  she  has  had  three  children,  and 

let  them  alt  die.     She  gives  him  three  pieces  of  gold.— (13)  Next  day  he  bids 

farmer's  wife  go  for  the  last  time  to  castle,  and  ask  for  basket  of  salad,  as 

well  as  for  ihe  broth,  and  get  the  swineherd  to  carry  it  to  farm.     Heroine,  too, 

wants  to  see  sick  person.     He  tells  her  the  same  thing  about  abandoned  child. 

She  exclaims,  "Alas  !  were  you  married  ?"     "  No  !"     "  Heavens  I  and  I — 

who  am  Ihe  daughter  of  the  King  of  Spain— I  left  my  fiHhct's  palace  clad  like 

■  servant,  and  have  made  myself  a  swineherd,  all  to  escape  fallmg  ii 

Btu  Cod  is  gaoi  ;  pray  for  pardon."     And  she  goes.— (ul  Then  young  Ic 

gas  up  in  high  glee,  kills  a  partridge,  and  goes  home.     1  lis  mother  falli  0 


i 


LUZEL. — MANOO.^M^SCONS.  JIT 

his  neck ;  the  three  girl&  do  likewuE.  He  hu  partridge  cooked,  uni  tells 
mothet  he  wants  to  sup  alone  in  his  own  loom,  with  the  three  girls.  He  cats 
bird  into  six  pieces,  gives  one  lo  lirst  lady,  two  to  second,  and  three  to  third. 
The  third  luppoaes  he  prefers  her,  and  will  many  her.  Then  he  proposes 
dancing.  They  lay  there  h  odIjp  one  gentleman  to  dance  with,  and  no  liddler 
in  play  for  them.  "  Here  is  lomething  that  will  make  you  dance,  yon  heart- 
ies, unniluFal  mothers  !"  says  he,  taking  n  whip  from  a  nail  on  the  wsl'.  And 
he  begins  to  lath  the  young  ladies  till  they  ciy  Tor  pily.  He  uyi,  did  they 
show  pily  lo  their  children  when  they  let  Ihera  die  in  secret — "Yoa  one,  you 
Iwo,  yon  three."  They  say  il  is  not  true,  but  he  tells  them  bow  he  heard  of 
il,  and  bids  ihem  return  at  once  to  their  homes.— (15)  Then  he  sends  for 
heroine,  and  tells  her  to  confess  who  she  is,  for  be  knows  she  is  other  than  she 
Mems.  She  says  abc  is  a  poor  girl,  wtlhont  hlher  or  mother,  obliged  to  work 
for  her  roaintenancc,  etc.  He  tells  her  how  he  learnt  the  inilh  from  her  own 
lips.^(l6)   They  arc  married,   and  the  King  of  Spain   is  bidden  to   the 


Francesco  Manco,  Ncrvdline  popoiari  Sarde,  raccolte  e  annotate  ; 
dal.     Palermo,   1890.     (Pitr^,   Curmsl^  populari  fradiztonxiU , 
vol.  ix.)     Pp.  134-36. 

"La  Maestra  e  la  Figli.\stra." 

(I)  Widower  sends  his  daughter  Peppina  to  school.  Mistress  says  lo  her, 
"  A>ik  your  father  to  mairy  me  ;  I  will  love  you  and  be  kind  10  yon,  and  lake 
you  about  with  me,  And  you  con  call  me  mother."  Heroine  dues  so,  and 
father  tells  her  to  say  he  will  marry  schoolmistress  when  his  iron  shoes^  are 
worn  out.  Schoolmistress  bids  heroine  throw  water  frequently  on  iron  aho«f, 
so  that  Ihey  rust  and  wear  out.  Then  father  sends  lo  say  he  will  keep  Us 
promise  to  marry  schoo!misitess,—{»l  Afiera  year  she  bears  a  child,  and  thence- 
forward ill-treats  Peppina.  She  induces  father  to  take  her  a  long,  long  way 
for  a  walk,  then  throw  down  his  rin^  and,  whilst  she  is  looking  for  it,  to 
leave  her  behind  and  return  home.  Finding  herself  deserted,  heroine  begins 
weeping  till  she  is  tired  out  and  falls  asleep. — (j)  Thi^a  wild  animals  come  and 
derourher. 


08' 

I 


Masposs  Y  Labros,  Lo  Rcndaliayre.     Quetitos  populars  Catalans,  72;| 
colleccionats  per.     Barcelona,  1871.     Part  1,  pp.  91-94-     No, 
XX. 

"  La  Ventafochs"  (The  Fire-blower). 

(■]  A  woman  who  has  married  a  widower  ill-lreats  bis  daughter,  giving 
her  dittiest  work  lo  do,  and  keeping  her  always  amongst  the  ashes,  so  that 


'  For  ab»tr«ct  of  thii  story  i( 
»  See  note  50. 


3t2  CINDERELLA  VARJANTS, 

she  is  nicknamed  Cinderella.  She  pels  and  pampers  her  own  Iwo  ugly 
daughter^  and  dresses  them  richly.  Cinderella,  who  is  slso  called  the  Fire- 
blower,  on  account  of  her  occupation,  is  very  beautiful,  palienl,  and  good. — 
2)  One  day  she  has  lo  pick  a  sack  of  canaiy-seed  whilst  stepniothei  and 
stepsialers  ate  out.  Unable  to  Tinish  the  usk,  she  begins  lo  cry.  wbea  a  little 
oM  1^-oman,  very  old  and  very  tittle,  suddenly  appears,  gives  her  an  almond, 
anil  performs  task  for  her. — (3)  Heroine  breaks  the  almond,  and,  finding 
inside  a  dress  of  shining  gold,  dons  It  and  goes  to  church,  where  she  is 
admired  by  all,  even  the  king's  son.  Before  the  service  is  finished  she  goe* 
home  and  resumes  her  nigs.  Stepmother  and  stepsisters  relnm,  and  Tell  b«r 
of  the  lovely  girl  in  dress  of  shining  gold  whom  she  would  have  seen  had  she 
been  to  church.     Hennne  says  : 

"  Maybe,  no  j  and  yes,  maybe  ; 
Maybe  thai  fair  maid  was  me !'' 

"Lblen  10  Cinderella!  Be  off,  and  blow  the  fire!"  and  they  drive  her 
away  to  the  ashes.— (4)  Next  day  she  has  a  whole  sack  of  beans  to  shell. 
She  sets  to  woik,  but,  failing  at  the  task,  is  very  downcast,  when  again  little 
old  woman  appears,  performs  it  for  her,  and  givei  her  a  filbert. —(;)  HeroiQC 
breaks  it,  and  finds  inside  a  silver  dress,  donning  which  she  goes  to  the 
Promenade,  whereall  admire  her.  When  she  leaves,  king's  son  sends  hii  page* 
everywhere  In  search  of  her.  Stepmother  and  stepsisters  return,  and  tell  her 
of  lovely  girl  at  the  Promenade  :  heroine  replies  as  before,  and  is  driven  off 
(o  thecitiders.— (6)  Another  day  she  has  a  sack  of  rice  lo  pick  while  step- 
mother and  stepsisters  go  off  to  ball  given  by  king's  son.  She  cries  ;  little 
old  woman  comes  to  perform  task,  and  gives  her  a  walnut,  containing  t  robe 
of  bells — (7)  Clad  in  this  heroine  goes  to  ball,  making  all  the  ladies  lum 
green  with  envy.  King's  son  recognises  her,  dances  with  none  other,  and 
ibey  are  so  engrossed  that  heroine  does  not  notice  that  ball  is  over,  and  hat 
to  run  home  as  fast  as  she  can.  Stepmother  and  stepsisters  lease  her  a% 
before,  and  she  makes  same  remark. — (S)  In  her  hasle  to  leave,  heroine  had 
dropped  a  glass  slipper  on  the  stair,  and  had  not  lime  lo  pick  it  up. 
Servants  take  it  to  king's  son,  who,  saspecting  its  owner,  proclaims  That  he 
will  wed  whomsoever  it  fits.  It  is  tried  on  all  the  ladies,  but  it  is  too  small 
for  everyone  ;  pages  take  it  from  house  lo  house  in  vain.  Al  lost  they  come 
lo  Cmderelta's  house.  The  slipper  is  tried  on  stepsisters,  but  will  not  fil 
(hem. — (9)  Pages  are  leaving  in  despair,  and  think  to  inijulre  if  I  here  is  mother 
girl  in  the  house.  Stepmother  admits  ilml  there  is,  but  she  never  siiri  from  the 
cinders.  Pages  send  for  her,  and  slipper  fils  her  so  perfectly  that  they  take 
her  off  10  patftce,  where  king's  son  recognises  her  and  marries  her. 


I 

i 


Ibid.    Part  1,   pp.   97-100.      No.   XXII. 

"  La  Fillastra"  (The  Stepdaughter). 

(1)  Widower,  with  one  daughter,  marries  widow  with  one  daughter.     SMp,    I 
mother  ill'treats  heroine,  who  ii  very  beautiful,  miking  her  do  menial  work.   ] 


MASPONS, 


313 


I 
I 


SdnTga  own  ugly  daughter. — [2)  One  d«f  the  sends  heroine  la 
liver  to  fill  a.  basket  with  water,  and  not  reiuin  till  >l>e  bu  done  so.  Meioine 
weeps,  and  wandcis  up  tivee  lill  she  reaches  a  house,  which  she  enters,  being 
cold  and  hungry.  Only  a  liiile  dog  inside.—  (J)  House  is  very  untidy  ; 
heroine  cleans  everything,  makes  beda,  lights  fire,  and  prepares  supper.  She 
heats  noiie,  and  i«  teirilied  to  see  three  giantesses  enter,  and  hides  behind 
kneading-trough.  Giantcsacs  tee  what  has  been  accomplished  during  (heir 
absence.  The  tint  says  if  she  knew  who  had  done  it  she  would  put  a  star  on 
het  forehead.  Second  says  she  would  make  her  words  turn  to  jewels'  as  they 
Tall.  Third  says  i\ie  would  give  her  whatever  she  most  withes.  Dog  goei 
backing  to  trough,  and  says  : 

"  Clak— clak— cUk  1 
She's  hiding  here  at  the  trough's  back." 

Giantesses  <ind  heroine,  bcgifi  her  as  promised,  the  third  giantess  giving  her 
a  basketful  of  water.  She  goes  home,  and  all  are  amazed  ;  stepmother  very 
jealoai. — (4)  Stepsister  takes  basket  lo  river,  linds  bouse,  enters  it,  disar- 
ranges everything,  puts  oal  fire,  then,  hearing  noise,  hides  behind  kneading- 
trough.  Fim  giantess  says  if  she  knew  who  had  done  all  this  she  would 
make  filth  grow  on  hei  foiebead.  Second  says  she  would  make  her  words 
torn  to  snakes.  Third  soys  she  should  not  have  what  she  most  wishes.  Dog 
runs  barking  to  trough,  and  says  same  words  as  before.  Giantesses  find 
stepsister,  and  chase  her  out  of  ibe  house  with  insults,  When  ii\ie  gets  home 
with  empty  basket,  tilth  on  her  forehead,  and  snakes  falling  from  het  mouth, 
all  llee  from  her  in  horror. — (5)  Stepmother  is  slill  more  cruel  to  heroine,  and 
at  last  dlives  her  from  home.  Finding  herself  alone  in  wild  forest,  heroine 
sits  down  and  weeps  bitterly. — (6)  She  is  found  by  hontsmen,  who  take  her 
to  their  master,  the  king's  son,  who  makes  her  tell  her  story,  bils  in  love  with 
her,  and  marries  her. 


"  La  Gavi.a.  d'Or"  (The  Golden  Chest). 

(t)  Father  wishes  to  marry  his  own  daughlrc — (2)  By  advice  of  falber- 
coofessor,  heroine  first  demand^;  dress  of  all  coloura.  Father  goes  himtjng  in 
woods,  procures  birds  of  every  sort  of  plumage,  and  makes  dress  of  their 
feathers,  in  which  every  colour  appears.  Heroine  next  demands  dress  of 
fishes'  scales,  which  father  supplies,  after  lishing  nighl  and  day  to  procure 
every  kind  of  fish-  Heroine  now  nsks  for  dress  of  stars.  Father  searches 
the  earth  for  diamonds,  the  sea  for  pearls,  and  shapes  Ihem  into  stars  for 
dress. — (j)  Heroine,  in  despair,  her  eyes  two  siteams  of  water,  again  con- 
salt!  confessor,  and  is  advised  to  ask  father  for  a  gold  cage,  and  to  shut  her- 
self ituo  iL     Father  digs  into  Ibe  bowels  of  the  earth,  tears  out  the  gnld,  and 


314  CINDKRF-IXA   VABMm-S. 

B  hundred  men  work  day  and  night  to  mt-Vt  cage,  shut  in  like  a  boi,  < 
top,  where  a  hole  is  left  to  breathe  through.  Father  takes  it  to  heroine,  laj. 
ing,  "The  heavens  and  the  caith  have  been  moved  for  you," — (4}  Heroine 
.'.huts  heiself  in  chest,  and  tells  servants  lo  cury  her  away  to  place  of  sarety. 
They  carry  Ixji  thioagh  the  world,  and  at  length  reach  a  coonlry  where  every- 
one [s  sorrowing  because  king's  son  ii  dying  of  depression,  and  none  can 
cheer  him.  Servants  are  urged  lo  sell  the  gold  box  as  an  olTFring  to  prince. 
They  do  50.^(5)  At  night,  whilst  prince  sleeps,  heroine  gets  out  of  bo», 
writes  on  prince's  left  hand,  and  returns  lo  hiding-place.  On  waking,  prince 
is  very  angry  10  see  hand  written  on,  and  bids  chamberlain  lock  door  next 
night  from  inside.  When  he  is  asleep,  heroine  comes  out  and  writes  on  hi* 
right  hand.— (6)  Prince  resolves  to  lie  awake  third  night,  feigning  sleep. 
Seeing  Ihe  lovely  girt  come  out  of  box,  he  gets  up  lo  pay  her  bomige,  and 
aski  who  she  is,  and  hov  she  has  come  there.  Heroine  tells  him  why  she 
has  ded  from  home,  taking  care  not  lo  incriminate  father.  Prince  falls  in 
love  with  her,  regains  his  gaiety,  and  henceforth  orders  doable  rations  to  be 
brought  to  his  room.— [7]  Presently  he  has  to  go  olTlo  the  war,  and  hertune 
is  very  sad.  }fe  gives  her  a  ring  as  keepsake,  and  orders  servants  10  continue 
taking  to  his  room  during  his  absence  one  ration  of  food.  When  prince  and 
knights  have  departed,  and  none  but  servants  are  left  in  palace,  these  con- 
spire lo  discover  reason  for  strange  order.  They  spy  through  key-hole  of 
prince's  room,  see  lovely  girl,  and  resolve  to  tell  her  with  costly  liidiog-box. 
They  carry  her  all  over  the  world  lo  insure  highest  bid.— (8)  All  would  buy 
Ihe  box  and  not  the  girl,  so  scrvanls  strip  heroine  and  throw  her  into  briar- 
bush,  ihen  sell  clothes  and  box,  and  flee  into  a  far  Und.  Heroine  weeps. 
Some  shepherds  pass  by  with  their  tlocks.  They  give  her  some  of  their  skin 
garments,  and  set  her  lo  herd  pigs  at  Iheir  farm. — (9)  Prince  rettims  bom 
ihe  war,  rushes  to  his  chamber,  lo  find  golden  cage  no  longer  there.  He 
sends  his  knights  forth  in  qaest  of  heroine,  describing  her  features  to  them. 
They  fail  to  lind  her.  Prince  is  despondent,  and  like  10  die.  Hi«  father 
makes  public  proclamation  through  all  cities  and  farms,  offering  great  reward 
for  the  cure  of  the  prince.— (lo)  One  day  the  swineherd  on  ibe  mountaini 
hearr  herald's  proclamation,  and  begs  employers  10  lei  her  go  lo  contole 
prince.  Shepherds  deem  her  mad,  and  laugh  at  her,  but  at  length  let  her  go. 
She  wanders  over  Ihe  wilds,  through  snow  and  rain,  till  she  reaches  the 
palace.  They  refiise  lo  admit  her  ;  she  pleads  so  hard,  saying  prince  would  be 
belter  at  sight  of  her,  that  she  is  tajcen  lo  him. — ( 1 1 )  He  appears  as  dead,  and 
does  not  stir.  She  shows  him  the  ring;  he  clasps  her  in  hisarmi;  prewau 
her  lo  the  whole  court  at  hit  bride-elect.  They  are  married  mid  great  re- 
joicings. 


i 


|178  /ii^.     Part  11  (1872),  pp.  72-75.     No.  XVI. 

"  La  Peli,  d'Ase"  (The  .'Vss-sktn). 

(t)  A  lady,  at  the  point  of  death,  urges  her  husband  never  lo  marry  again 

unless  iie  finds  a  woman  exactly  resembling  herself,  that  in  this  way  she  may 


lliSfONS.  3IS 

:o  his  memoiy. — (2)  Afur  temaining  >  widower  for  some  time 
he  wishei  to  mury  again,  4nd,  having  sought  in  vain  for  a  kdy  exactly  like 
hit  Ule  wife,  lie  resolves  to  many  his  own  daughtet,  who  is  her  mother's  liv- 
ing imJ^e. — (3)  Hearing  of  his  intention,  heroine  weeps  without  comfort  till 
xhe  meela  ■  little  old  woman,  who  bids  her  have  no  (ear,  but  gel  nn  ua-skin, 
put  it  on,  then  make  herself  so  dirty  as  lo  disgust  her  father,  and  he  will 
ceuc  to  care  for  her.  Ilerorne  do«  as  bidden,  bal,  in  spile  of  it  all,  father 
insiitshe  will  marry  her. — (4)  Heroine  cries  and  cries  till  the  little  old  woman 
appears  again,  bids  her  not  fear,  but  tell  her  father  that  she  wi)l  only  marry 
him  it  he  first  gets  her  ihe  loveliest  and  most  costly  dresses  and  jewels.  But 
at  whatever  cost,  father  determines  to  procure  these,  and  brings  them  10  her. 
— (5)  Heroine  is  in  despair,  but  the  little  old  woman  gives  her  a  golden 
coffer,  bids  her  put  the  dresses  and  jewels  into  it,  hide  it  under  Ihe  ass-skin, 
which  she  must  don  ;  and  then,  when  her  father's  asses  are  turned  out,  she 
must  mix  amongst  them,  and  thus  make  her  escape. — (G)  Heroine  does  as 
bidden,  and,  once  escaped,  goes  on  and  on  till  she  reaches  a  farm-house, 
where  she  asks  for  work.  Here  they  engage  her  10  tend  the  geese,  although 
she  in  ao  dirty. — (7I  Every  rooming  she  has  to  take  the  geese  to  the  river 
bank  to  feed  them,  and,  for  amusement,  she  washes  herself,  and  puts  on 
all  the  grand  dresses  and  jewels,  and  admires  her  rejection  in  the  water. 
Meanwhile,  the  gei-se  refuse  to  eat,  being  so  enchanted  with  her  bcaaly. 
They  can  but  gaie  upon  her  ;  and  when  ihey  get  back  to  the  farm,  they  say  ; 


"  We" 


ve  seen  a  lady  fair  and  si 
not  a  morsel  did  we  eat. 
Nyach,  nyach,  nyach  1" 


(!)  II  U 


le  of  the  king's  farms,  and  the  prince  hearing  the  geese,  and  notidng 
that  ihe  more  they  ivent  lo  that  place  the  thinner  they  became,  determines  to 
climb  to  the  lop  of  a  hill  overlooking  the  river -bank.  Thence  he  sees  Ihe  girl 
dieuing  hei^f,  and  is  so  much  stiuck  with  her  beauty  that  he  falls  in  love 
with  her.  [le  tells  no  one,  but  returns  lo  the  larm,  and  when  heroine  comes 
home  with  her  geese,  he  goes  to  her  room  seeking  her. — (9)  Kul  she  is  not 
there,  and  all  that  he  tinds  is  a  ring,  which  he  keeps.  He  goes  about  trying 
to  lind  her  without  the  ass-skin,  so  that  he  may  show  her  10  his  parents.  But 
he  never  again  succeeds  in  seeing  her  as  he  had  seen  her,  till  at  length  he  gets 
quite  ill,  and  no  one  knows  why. — ( 10)  At  last  his  parents  question  him  so 
tnnch  that  he  confesses  he  is  lovesick,  and  wants  to  marry  the  girl  lo  whom 
the  ring  belongs.  The  ring  is  at  once  sent  round  to  all  the  princesses  of  Ihe 
kingdom,  but  none  can  squeeie  a  linger  into  it,  it  is  10  very  small.  Then  it  is 
sent  to  alt  the  nobility,  bat  none  can  wear  iL — (it)  At  last  the  prince's 
parents  send  for  the  servants  and  meniais,  and  when  they  come  to  Ass-skin 
the  ring  fits  her  so  easily  that  the  prince  resolves  to  marry  her.  His 
parents   object,   till  she   reveah   who   she   is,    and   shews  the  dresses  and 

[A'o/f.— Variants  of  the  above  story  are  given  by  SeGor  Hemandei  de  Solo 
in  the  third  volume  (not  yet  published]  of  his  Cutntoi  de  E^trtmaiiura.  They 
are  entitled  "La  Tenerita"  (The  Little  Calf),  uid  "Agata".    Instead  <^ 


I 
I 


3'6 


CINDERELLA  VARIANT?. 


tending  gcese,  the  beioinc  in  these  stories  racets  the  prince  l,t  three  baits, 
whicli  she  attends  iniognila.  la  "  EI  Raps"  (The  Flower  of  the  Olive  Tree), 
and  in  "  Feriquillo",  from  the  same  collection,  heroine  escapei,  not  from 
bfr  father,  but  from  a  dislasterui  lover,  with  the  presents  she  hu  obiaineil 
fiotn  him.  She  becomes  gooseherd  at  the  king's  farm,  and.  the  endiDg  is  the 
same  ss  in  the  stories  collected  by  Sinor  Maspons.] 


I  73  Maurer,  Jildndiicke  Volkssagtn  der  Gegenwart,  vorwiegend  nach 
miindlicher  Ueberlieferting  gesammeit  und  verdeutscht  von 
Dr.  Konrad  Maurer.  Leipzig,  i860.  Pp.  i8i-i.  (Narrated 
by  Frau  Btynjulfsson  in  Kopenhagen.) 

(1)  Widowed  king  Mani  has  beautiful  daughter  named  Mjadreig.  He 
marries  woman  with  two  hideout  daughters.  Stepmother  is  jealous  of  hennne, 
hides  her  from  Builors,  and  displajs  own  daughters, — \3)  A  king's  son  lindi 
tiny  shoe,  and  vows  he  will  only  wed  ihe  woman  who  can  wear  il. 
Sicpmolher  makes  one  daughter  cut  off  heel,  so  as  to  wear  shoe;  prince  is 
obliged  to  talte  her.— (3)  On  the  voyage,  birds  fly  over  ship,  tioging,  "Hcwn- 
heel  tits  ax  the  prow ;  bei  shoe  is  full  of  blood.  Mjadvcig,  Mnni'a  daughter, 
sits  at  home,  a  doubly-deserving  bride."  [Narrator  could  not  remember 
more  of  the  story,  except  that  the  prince  in  the  end  obtained  Mgadveig.] 


I74  Dr.  Ernst  Meier,  Deittidie  V'ltksmiirehen  aus  Schu-aten,  aus 
dem  Munde  des  Volks  gesammelt.  Stuttgart,  1852.  Story 
No.  IV,  pp.  16-20.     (From  Schwabisch-Hall.) 

"  AsCHF.NGRrrTEL." 

(1)  Heroine  is  ill-treated  by  stepmother,  and  ordered  about  by  two  step- 
sisters, who  are  younger  than  herself.  She  does  all  house-work,  ire*is  old 
clothes,  and  is  Qlcknamed  AscbcngriiteL' — (a)  Stepsisters  throw  handfuli  of 
lentils  in  the  ashes  for  ber  to  sort — 13)  Father  goes  a  journey,  and  asks  what 
gifts  he  shiU  bring  for  daughters.  Younger  daughters  choose  splendid  dresses, 
ear.rings,  and  necklaces.  Heroine  asks  for  tirsi  little  Iwig  that  hits  father's 
bat.  Stepsisters  mock  at  her;  but  she  places  [wig  in  ber  bosom,  and  carries 
it  always  wilh  her. — (4)  Next  day  heroine  goes  to  well  to  draw  water; 
a  tiny,  white-bearded  dwarf  appears,  and  proroues  to  perform  three  good  «)id 
three  evil  wishes  for  heroine.  She  will  not  take  Ihe  bad  ones,  but  wishet, 
lir^l,  that  stepmother  and  stepsisters  may  be  kind  to  ber  in  future.  Dwarf 
wonders  at  thii,  but,  seeing  she  has  good  heart,  gives  ber  golden  wand,  that 


'  The  expression  "  Eaehengriidel",  according  ti 
applied  to  a  despised  kitchen  scullion. 


Geiler  of  Kaisersberg,  b 


^ 


Mhll'.K.  317 

ff^jthlng  she  wishes.  She  hu  only  to  strike  edge  of  well  with 
wand,  uid  name  her  wants. —(5}  Voung  king,  wishing  to  choose  bride,  giYes 
gtand  b«JL  Stepsisters  go,  but  heroine  is  kept  at  home,  because  of  her  ditt 
and  rags.  Heroine  finishes  hcc  work  quickly,  washes  and  combs  hetself, 
goes  to  veil,  strikes  edge  with  wand,  and  wishes  for  beautifal  ball  dress  and 
omameDts.  Instantly  wonderful  dress  with  gold  and  pearls  is  before  her. 
Clad  in  this  she  gjes  to  ball  at  castle,  is  admired  by  all,  and  king  dances 
with  her.  She  disippesis  before  the  re<:t  leave,  and  king  is  greatly  con- 
Mined. — (6)  He  gives  second  ball,  which  heroine  attends  as  before,  in  more 
tplendid  attire.  King  begs  to  accotapany  her  home,  but  she  escapes  alone. — 
(7)  King  his  no  pence  of  mind  till  he  gives  third  ball.  Heroine  appears  in 
(till  more  gorgeous  dress,  and  is  beyond  measure  happy.  Kiog  has  every 
door  but  one  closed,  and  this  is  smeared  with  pilch.  He  pursues  heroine, 
and  in  hEr  flight  she  leaves  golden  shoe  sticking  to  the  pilch  rather  thin  lei 
king  follow  her  home.— 18)  He  is  delighted  lo  have  shoe,  and  gives  notice 
ibal  he  will  wed  whomsoever  it  fits.  Goes  himself  from  house  lo  house 
"  slcpm  other,  1 


big  loe,  and  the  other  daughter 


of  hecL     King  sees  blood  it! 


There  is  blood  in  the  shoe  ; 

This  bride  i>  not  the  true." 
—(g)  When  he  leanis  that  woman  has  stepdaitghter,  he  insists  on  leeing  her, 
though  they  say  she  is  too  ngty  and  dirt;  to  appear.     He  recognists  her  and 


Ibid.,  p.  99.     No.  XXVII.     (From  Derendiiigen.) 
"So  i.iEB  wiE  DAS  Sai.z." 

(0  King  asks  his  daughter  how  much  she  loves  him.  "  Oh,  so  dearly,  so 
dearly— like  salt,"  says  she.  But  this  seeming  but  litlle  to  king,  he  is 
indignant  with  her, — (2)  Soon  afterwards  he  is  giving  a  large  feast,  and 
daughter  contrives  for  all  the  dishes  on  the  table  lo  be  dressed  without  salt. 
Consequently,  king  can  eat  nothing,  and  when  daughter  at  length  tells  him  why 
thi)  is,  he  realises  the  value  of  salt  and  the  eicellcnce  of  her  comparison,  and 
restores  her  to  favour. 


Ibid.     No.  XLIII.     Pp,  154-58.     (From  Hcubach.)  75  \ 

"ESCHENFIDLE." 

(1)  Old  woman  wiih  two  daughters  loves  one  and  ilKtreats  the  other  ;  gives 

one  beautiful  clothes  and  takes  her  everywhere,  hopiDg  to  get  her  husband, 

]lul  the  other  must  always  remain  at  home,  do  menial  work  in  ihe  cowshed, 

the  kitchen,  and  the  garden,  and  being  ill^clad,  may  never  show  heraeIC     She 


.^8  ClNDEREr.LA   VARIANTS. 

hah  lo  bii  on  ihe  hearth,  anJ  is  nitknamed  Escbenfidle,'— (a)  Her  gieateSt 
grief  is  that  her  mother  forbids  her  going  to  church.     One  Sandaf  she  siu 
under  tree  in  gardeo  weeping  bitterly,  when  Jiltte  while  man  appeari,  bids  her 
be  cheered,  and  when  she  wants  to  go  to  church  lo  come  lo  tree'  and  say  : 
*'  Little  tree,  shake  yourself,  little  tree  ; 
Shalie  gold  and  silver  over  nie  !" 

Then  she  wiU  have  beautiful  clothes.  But  she  most  always  wait  till  everyone 
else  is  in  church,  and  must  be  the  first  to  leave.  Then  she  must  return  dicss  to 
tree,  Myiog  : 

*'  Little  tree,  shake  yourself,  little  tree  ; 
Draw  all  the  silver  and  gold  to  ihee  1" 

Next  Sunday  heroine  does  as  bidden.— (3)  She  goes  lo  church  clad  in  gold  and 
silver,  leaves  first,  and  returns  eveiything  to  tree.  Sister  returns  and  tells 
her  about  the  lovely  stranger. — (4)  Next  Sunday  all  happens  as  before.  Rich 
young  merchant  espies  her,  and  falls  in  love  with  her.  He  goes  early  to 
church  on  following  Sunday  to  watch  for  her,  and  stays  lalt,  but  she  escapes 
as  before. —  (5)  She  goes  thus  five  times  lo  church,  and  on  the  sixth  Sunday 
young  merchant  lets  everyone  except  heroine  enter,  then  smears  church  door 
with  pitch,  and  waits  hard  by.  He  hopes  to  be  able  to  help  free  her  from 
pitch,  and  then  talk  with  her ;  but  heroine  leaves  one  shoe  sticking,  and 
enters  church  without  speaking  to  him.  Merchant  ukes  shoe  home.  Herrane 
returns  to  tree  and  repeats  verse  as  before  ;  but  tree  will  not  lake  clothes,  as 
shoe  is  missing,  and  heroine  lakes  them  home  and  puis  them  in  her  bed.-^ 
(6)  Merchant  makes  in'juiry  as  lo  who  has  lost  golden  shoe,  and  goes  himself 
from  house  lo  house,  saying  be  will  wed  whomsoever  it  fits.  Man;  try  in 
vain.  One  girl  cuts  of)  big  loe,  hut  lo  no  purpose.  Merchant  comes  to 
heroine's  home.  Mother  says  she  has  indeed  two  daughters,  but  one  is  too 
hideous  lo  be  shown,  She  presents  favourite  daughter,  whose  foot  is  pretty, 
but  too  large  for  shoe.  Merchant  importunes  mother,  till  at  lenjjth  she  brings 
other  daughter,  who,  seeing  golden  shoe,  exclaims,  "  Why,  that  is  my  long- 
lost  shoe  !"  and  puts  it  on.  Merchant  rejoices. — (7)  They  are  betrothed  on 
the  spot,  and  married  soon  afterwards. 


^309"  ■'^"^■'  PP-  165-74-     No.  XLVIII.      (From  Heubach.J 

"The  voung  Countess  and  the  Water-N^iiph." 
(1)  A  countess  feeling   ill,  walks   by  the  lake.     She  hears  wBler-nymph 
talking,  and  addresses  her,  whereupon  she  comes  torth  and  they  converse. 

'  With  the  expression  "  Eschentidle"  cp.  Abersel,  Abarscbel  for  an  Aicfaen- 
briidel. 

''  The  tree  of  mir  story  reminds  one  of  the  five  trees  in  Inilra's  heavenly 
paradise,  which  grant  every  wish. — En. 

'  For  abstract  of  this  ttoiy  sec  Appendix. 


Mkii^i 


ii9 


Atiei  ihii  they  often  talk  together,  and  become  eci  inlimalG  that  WKter-njrmph 
pttimiiei  to  stand  eodmothcr  lo  countest'i  child.  When  diugbter  is  bom 
wiler- nymph  is  summoned  to  keep  het  promise.  All  are  in  atlendance  Tori  lie 
christening,  eicepi  Ihc  godmother.  The;  wait  long,  when  Kt  list  Ihc  door 
opcni,  and  in  steps  the  waier-oymph  in  a  great  white  veil  which  is  half  wet. 
She  holds  child  at  font,  and  gives  it,  ai  baptismal  present,  a  little  basket  with 
ihiee  eggs.  These  L'g  js  inust  be  taken  great  care  of,  as  thejr  may  prove  useful 
to  child.— (a)  Not  lotig  arter  countess  dies,  father  marries  again,  and  step- 
mother neglecls  child,  giving  it  over  (o  nunemaid,  who  allows  it  to  play  alone 
by  the  lake.  Water-nymph  comes  lo  amuse  child,  and  lells  her  many  pretty 
tlories.  Child  has  happy  life  till,  when  h.ir]y  grown  up,  her  falhet's  castle  is 
burnt  down,  and  he  becomes  ■  poor  man.  Heroine  escapes  with  e^-baskel 
to  godmother  in  the  lake,  and  asks  her  advice.  Godmother  tells  her  thai, 
having  the  three  eggs,  she  is  rich  enough,  for  they  can  perform  three  wishes, 
however  hard.  Rut  she  mu'it  uot  expend  wishes  thoughtlessly,  and  alwa^ 
keep  one  for  emergency.  —  (3)  She  bids  her  go  through  forest  and  take  service 
at  large  house.  Heroine  sets  out.  On  the  way  she  meets  a  peasant-girl 
called  "  Katterle",  and  exchanges  clothes  with  her ;  then  goes  on  alone 
through  foresi  to  castle,  and  inquires  if  a  servant  is  wanted.  At  iirat  Iheywill 
not  engage  her,  because  she  looks  too  young  and  too  lender ;  but  when  she 
asks  very  little  wages,  and  offers  to  do  all  the  house- work  and  help  cook,  they 
at  \as.l  take  her.  Her  white  hands  gel  roogh  and  brown,  and  her  clothes 
ragged  and  dirty,  so  that  she  must  keep  away  from  best  rooms.  Seven  yean 
pass  in  this  way. — (4)  S>on  of  the  bouse  thinks  of  marrying,  and  gives  grand 
ball,  lo  which  all  lovely  girls  near  are  invited.  Seeing  them  arrive  in  lovely 
dresses,  heroine  longs  lo  go  to  ball,  and  remembets  her  three  eggs.  Having 
6&ished  work,  she  wishes  for  lovely  diess,  which  she  don^  and  goes  10  ball. 
Son  of  the  house  is  charmed,  and,  before  she  leaves,  begs  for  her  handkerchief, 
giving  his  own  in  exchange.  She  retuins  to  her  room  and  puts  on  rags. 
Everyone  talks  of  lovely  stranger  at  ball,  and  heroine  listens  attentively. — 

(5)  After  four  weeks  young  master  gives  second  ball.  Heroine  makes  use  of 
second  wish,  and  obtains  dreu  coveied  with  diamonds.  Everyone  is  astounded. 
Voang  master  declares  his  love  for  her,  aud  wishes  (o  wed  her.  Heroine 
layt  she  fears  that  he  will  me  his  words  when  be  lesrni  who  she  is.  He 
protests  he  will  love  her  be^^l  spite  ofanythinn.  They  exchange  rings.  She  ii 
to  return  in  lonr  weeks  lo  marry  him.  Heroine  escapes  lecrelty.  She  heai^ 
all  the  girU  talking  about  young  master'i  lovely  bride,  but  says  nolhing. — 

(6)  Day  arrives  for  wedding-ball.  Heroine  remembers  with  alarm  that  she 
has  only  one  wish  left,  and  she  must  keep  this  for  emergency.  So  she  cannot 
attend  halt,  and  bridegroom  is  very  unhappy,  and  falli  ill. — (7)  No  doctor 
can  ea^e  him  ;  he  thinks  only  of  his  bride,  and  nearly  dies  of  grief.  Heroine, 
learning  this  from  cook  whom  >he  assists,  reproaches  herself  for  not  having 
spent  third  wish  in  going  in  hall.  }>he  thinks  day  and  night  how  lo  help 
lover.  Docliir  orders  i^oup  for  invnlid,  and  heroine  brgs  cook  lo  let  her  make 
it.  This  is  at  length  pcrmiiltd.  Heroine  puts  hci  betrothal  ring  in  soup, 
which  cuok  taktk  to  young  master.  He  enjoys  all  the  unup,  then  see*  ring 
and  Bcnda  for  cook,  who  is  very  distressed,   knowing  nolhing  of  ring,  and 


I 

■ 

I 


CINDERELLA    VARl 


canfmei  at  last  (hu  kitcheii-iiu,id  iiiepaied  soup.     Heroine  is  fetched,  yooni; 


:   calls  liET  an  ugly,  dirt^  thing,    and   asks   I 


I.  she 


s  humbly  tlia.1  the  kind  it 
lera  her  out  of  the  room. 
LOiund^,  and  taking  with  her 
-.  goes  again 


got  ring. 


it  her  himEctf.  He  reviles  her,  and 
etoine  washes  herself,  puis  on  drc»  of 
I  ball-dtesa,  and  the  handkerchief  young 
room.     Servant  i&  standing  on  guard  at 


the  Joor,  and,  st^eing  tbe  true  bride,  wishes  to  be  The  fint  lo  tell  young  ou 
and  in  his  haste  fall:i  downslaiis  and  breaks  a  leg.  Another  (ervant,  standing 
below,  is  blinded  by  the  fililter  of  the  diamonds. — (8)  Heroine  sppcan  before 
young  master,  who  recogniaes  her,  and  is  instantly  well.  Heroine  sajs,  "  Thin 
is  the  ugly,  dirty  kitchen  maid  whom  you  drove  away,  and  who  said  you 
ivould  not  marry  her  when  you  knew  vbo  she  was."  She  relates  everything, 
and  shows  liril  ball-dress  and  handkerchief.  He  begs  her  forgiveness,  and 
they  are  married.  His  mother  is  indignant  at  his  marrying  kitchen-mud. — 
(9)  Heroine  has  daughter  ;  mother-in-law  takes  it  away  and  Ihrowi  it  in  lake.' 
She  docs  the  same  with  heroine's  second  daughter,  and  tells  son  thai  his  wife 
is  a  murdcK-ss. — (lo)  He  orders  wife  lo  be  burnt.  She  is  shut  up,  and  ihe 
great  oven  made  red  hot.  When  she  can  no  longer  bear  heat,  heroine  remem- 
faers  third  wish,  and  wishes  for  godmolher,  the  water-nymph.  She  appears 
instantly,  cools  everything,  and  opens  room.  Tells  heroine  that  she  has 
rescued  ber  children  thrown  into  lake,  and  that  she  will  place  them  to-day, 
with  written  paper,  on  shore  of  take.  Thence  heroine  must  fetch  them. — 
ll)  When  the  two  daughters,  both  very  beautiful,  come  lo  culle,  faiher 
reci^nises  them  as  bis  own  children,  realises  crime  of  mother-in-law,  and  begs 
forgiveness  of  wife.  Wicked  mother  is  punished,  and  ihe  rest  live  happit)'. 
Heroine  rewards  those  who  were  her  fellow-servants,  and  especially  Ihe  cook 
who  allowed  her  to  make  the  !,uup. 


I 

4 


kl80    Meluiine,  t.  iii  (i886),  col.  404-5.     (From  the  neigh  bo  urhooii  of  j 
Redon  flUe-et-Vilainc].) 

"Peau  d'Ane." 
IThe  beginning  of  the  story  is  missing.  ] 
(1)  The  two  siiters,  who  are  splendidly  dressed,  meet  on  the  road  a 
leading  a  donkey,  which  they  persuade  him  lo  sell  Ihem.  The  girl  who  i 
love  with  the  king's  son  dresses  in  Ihe  ass-skin,  and  takes  service  at  castle  u> 
as  lo  be  near  him.^(i)  She  is  sent  to  raind  turkeys,  and,  when  she  retun 
the  evening,  she  will  not  leave  the  hearth,  bul  sils  throwing  graini  of  salt 
into  the  fire.  Once  prince's  mother,  finding  her  thus  engaged,  asks  what  is 
ackling  in  ihe  fire:.     "  They  are  lice."— (3)  In  the  daytime,  thinking  benelT 


alone  in  the  Gelds,  she  dofb  ass-skin  lo  admire  reflection  ii 


,pnng, 


of  the 


M^LUSINE, — MIJATOVICS.— MIL:i.  31 1 

robes  she  bas  worn  undemealh.  One  d»y  ihe  prince,  out  hunting,  hippens  to 
UF  lier.     A  chaffinch  in  tbe  bush  says  : 

"  As^-ikin,  Au-skin,  hide  thee. 
For  the  prince  bai  spied  thee." 

Prince  goei  home,  madly  in  love.— (4)  He  feigns  illness,  and  goes  to  bed. 
Mother  uks  what  he  would  like.  He  toys  a  cake  nude  by  Peau  d'Ane. 
"What!  thai  dirty  git!?"— (5)  Pean  d'Ane  makes  cake,  and  slips  her  ring 
into  il.— (6t  Prince  will  wed  girl  whose  finger  this  ring  will  fiu  After  Man 
on  Sunday,  all  ihe  girls  are  made  to  tile  past  castle,  and  ring  is  tried  on 
each.    It  will  only  fit  the  last,  who  is  Peau  d'Ane.~-(7)  Prince  marries  her. 

» Madame  Csebomille  Mijatovics,  Serbian  Folk-Ion.     London, 
1874.     Pp.  59-66. 
"Papalluga;  or,  The  Golden  Slipper." 
^H  (See  Dtnton,  No,  31 

SnO 
(A. 
utid 


\ik  V  FONTAN-VLS,  Ohstrvadones  sohrc  la  potsia  pi^ular,  ^.  181. 
(A  Catalonian  tale  translated  by  Wolf  in  Frobtn  poriu^esischer 
urid  Calalanisc/ier  VolksroniaHcen.     Wien,  1856.     P.  43.) 


I 


"La  Cenicienta." 
Heroine  is  cruelly  treated  by  her  stepmother,  who  leaves  her  ai  homelothell 
a  lack  of  millet  and  a  sack  of  tmall  white  brans  {Jiidiai).  Heroine  siis  weep- 
ing ;  female  uint  comes  and  ?sks  why ;  promises  to  perform  task,  and  givci 
her  almond  cODtaining  golden  dress.  Heroine  dons  it  and  goes  to  Mass. 
Prince  falls  in  love  wilh  lier.  She  returns  before  stepmother  and  stepsister, 
who  IcU  her  of  ihe  lovely  stranger.  "  Perhaps  so,  perhaps  not ;  perhaps  it 
wax  1 "  (/d/  vei  si,  lal  vtt  no.  lal  vii  era  )>o).  Both  exclaim,  "  Vou  be  quiet, 
Cinderella,  who  fanihe  fire"  (Ctndrosa,  centi^hi).  Next  da;  heroine  must 
cleanse  a  sack  of  rice  whilst  stepmother  and  stepsister  go  to  ball.  Saint  again 
appears,  and  gives  bet  a  nut  containing  a  dress  with  bells  (bh  %-eilido  de  earn- 
fanitai*),  clad  in  which  she  goes  to  ball  and  dances  with  prince.  She  will 
give  him  no  inlormation  about  benelf,  and  escapes  suddenly.  In  her  baste 
she  loses  a  shoe,  which  prince  finds.  He  will  wed  whomsoever  it  (its.  Step- 
sbler  cannot  get  it  on.  Cinderella  is  asked  for,  and  stepmother  says  it  is  no 
me  for  her  to  try.  But  she  appears  in  the  dies-s  of  bells,  ii  rcciJgni&ed,  [Ibc 
shoe  (its  hei],  and  the  is  married  to  prince. 


■  This  shows  the  aniiqoity  of  the  laJe.— t(-'«{r^.i 


'    Prcif.    Moltke    Moe's  Unpublished    Collection.       Christiania^ 
(From  Ostre  Moland,  near  Arendal.) 

"  FjiJs-LUBBA"  (Stable-a!ut). 
(I)  Widower  Willi  odc  daughter  manies  widow  with  one  daughter.  HerMDffj 
muit  live  in  tfae  stable,  clothed  in  rags,  and  is  not  allowed  to  go  [o  cborch. — 
U)  When  the  others  have  slatted  heroine  takes  her  comb,  goes  down  to  the 
liver,  and  sits  under  a  large  lime-tree  combing  hei  hair.  A  biid  begins  singing 
overhead,  and  whilst  Fj<>i-lubbB  pauses  to  listen,  an  old  woman  steps  out  of 
tree  and  axles  why  she  looki  so  mournful.  Heroine  lells  her,  and  is  iheo 
intiied  to  Tollow  old  woman  into  tree.  Here  she  gets  a  red-silk  dress  and 
red'Silk  shoes,  and  is  sent  ofTto  church.  On  leaving  she  must  lemember  to 
say,  "Light before  me,  dark  behind  roe  !"  and  then  return  to  tree  and  say  : 
"  Lime-tree,  lime-tree, 
Open  for  me." 
When  she  gets  home  afterwards  she  is  to  drink  the  milk  of  the  black  cow 
nearest  the  stable  door,  for  this  will  give  her  a  fair  white  skin. — (3)  Not 
Sonday  heroine  gels  a  silver  dress,  silver  shoes,  and  two  silver  singing  birds 
to  lit  on  her  shoulders  — (4)  The  third  Sunday  she  gets  everything  ot  goM. 
She  loses  one  gold  shoe.     Prince   goes   about  trying  to  find   its  owner. — 

(5)  Stepsister,  urged  by  her  mother,  cues  her  beet  and  toe,  hut  ai  the  prince 
driving  with  her  past  the  lime-tree  a  little  bird  sits  there  singing,  "  Cut  olT 
heel,  cut  off  loe  I    The  golden  shoe  is  full  of  blood."     Three  tiroes  it  vap, 
and  then  the  prince  understands,  and  returns  to  try  the  shoe  on  Pjoi-lnbba. — 

(6)  It  fits  her.     She  aski  prince  to  wait  a  moment,  runs  la  the  lime  Itee,  and 
returns  in  her  golden  dress. 

JitW.    (From  Bo,  Thelemarken.) 

"  KiKlldottera"  {The  Old  Man's  Daughter), 
(1)  Man's  daughter  is  sent  by  her  stepmother  to  herd  cattle,  with  tittle  or 
nothing  to  eal. — (2)  One  day  some  small  birds  come  and  ask  heroine  for  some 
food .  She  gives  them  part  of  the  little  she  has  for  herself,  and  receivei  in 
relumadress  likeih?  lun,  one  like  ihe  moon,  and  a  third  like  Ihe  stars.  The 
birds  tell  het  10  hide  them  ioa  hollow  oak.— (3)  Sleproother  and  daughter  go 
to  church,  bidding  heroine  stay  behind  in  the  stable.  Heroine  dons  itar-dren 
and  follows  them.  Next  Sunday  she  wears  ibc  moon-dress,  and  on  ihe  third 
Sunday  the  sun-dress.  "  While  before,  black  behind  !  thai  none  may  see 
met"  she  says  on  leaving  church. ^(4)  Third  bunday  the  loses  her  shoe. 
King  goes  about  trying  it  on  everyone,  and  at  last  comes  lo  slepmoiher'i  honae. 
— 151  Stepsister  cuts  her  heel  and  her  toe.  The  birds  ung,  "Cat  heel,  cut 
toe  I  in  the  stable  sits  ihe  owner  of  Ihe  shoe  I" 


4 
I 


PROF.    MOES   MS.   COLtECTION. 


Ibid.    (From  ihe  same  district,) 
"  Manddottera." 
(I)  Stepmoiher  makes  husband's  daughter  live  in  the  pigstye^     Her  own 
daughter  tgat^  Va  church — (l)  Heroine,  left  behind,  goes  and  sils  on  a  hili 
and  weeps.     An  old  wife'  stepa  out  of  bill  and  asks  why.     "  I'm  not  allowed 
lo  go  to  church.     My  sister  may  go."    Old  woman  brings  her  a  baikel  *nd  a 
lilk  dress.     She  ii  to  don  the  latter,  then  sit  in  the  kksket  and  uy  : 
"  Darkness  behind  me,  and  light  an  my  way  ; 
Carry  me  quickly  to  church  to-day  \" 


When  >he  •* 


s\\^  l( 


nshem 


isay  : 


"  Darkness  behind  me,  light  on  my  way. 
Carry  me.  carry  me  home  to-day  !" 
(3)  Next  Sunday  heroine  gets  a  silver  dress  and  a  lilver  basket,  and  on  tl 
ihird  Suivdny  a  gold  dre^s  and  a  gold  basket.^(4)  But  that  day  prim 
manages  to  get  hold  of  her  shoe,  and  heroine  returns  in  tears  to  old  woma 
"  Don't  cry  ;  I  shall  contrive  that  nobody  yon  eipcct  will  be  able  to  wear  tl 
shoe."— (5)  King's  son  at  lost  finds  heroine,  and  promises  to  marry  her.  SI 
is  to  follow  later  to  the  castle. — (6)  On  the  road  they  pass  a  little  lake  where 
hride  wants  to  behold  her  lace.  Stepsister  pushes  her  in  ;  cuts  her  own  he 
and  toe  to  get  on  the  shoe,  and  puts  on  bride's  dress.  When  she  arrives  : 
the  castle  a  bird  ungs  thrice  : 

"  Cut  olT  heel  and  cut  off  toe  ; 
The  hride  treads  blood  in  Ihe  golden  shoe  t" 

Then  the  prince  tears  olf  her  shoes  and  stockings  and  tarns  her  out. 

[The  tale  paases  into  that  of  "Buskebrud".     Heroine  appears  thri-e  Thar 
day  nights  in  the  castle,  and  is  saved  the  tbird  time  by  the  prince.] 


Ibid.     (From  the  same  district.      Apparently  a  mixture  or  a  read    801 

tale  and  a  Caie  learnt  orally. — M.  M.) 

"A.VSKF-POT." 
(I)  Man's  daughter  sits  shovelling  the  ashes.  Prince,  having  heard  of  the 
two  bcBuliful  girls,  invites  iheni  and  their  parents.  But  heroine  is  not  allowed 
to  go.  "  You  are  too  ugly  and  loo  ragged  '"  "I'm  sure  to  get  a  dress  if  only 
I  nay  go  !"— (i)  She  has  a  lilile  bird  that  helps  her  always.  This  time  it  gives 
her  a  beautifol  dre»  and  a  pair  of  gold  shoes.  So  she  is  allowed  to  go. 
Kill's  son  likei  heroine  best. — {3)  In  parting  from  him  *be  purposely  leaves 


'  loa  wiaot  it  is  a  kutdrt,  an  nndeigrcituid  woman,  UHa,  but  hiv^i-g  a  tail. 


3»4  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

one  of  her  shoes  behind.     King's  sod  picks  it  up  and  ci.lls  i 
try  ii  on.— (4)  Stepmother  whispers  to  her  daughter  : 

"  Voor  toe  you'l!  eul,  your  heel  you'll  paic, 
And  so  the  golden  ihoe  may  wear  !" 


/iiii.    (From  Setesdalen.) 
"  Kaddedotteri"  (The  Man's  Daughter). 

(I)  Mun's  daughter  and  her  BlepEisler  are  lo  conipete  in  spinning.  Step- 
mother gives  own  daughter  a  wool-spinning  wheel,  and  gives  heroine  b  moss- 
spinning  wheel.  Girls  are  Id  sit  in  the  well-house,'  or  on  a  bridge,  and  the 
one  who  first  finishes  her  task  is  lo  be  thrown  into  the  well  (or  river). — 
{2)  Heroine  tini&hes  first ;  she  sinks  down  into  a  green  meadow.  [The  lale 
proceeds  like  "  Manddatleien  og  Kyicrringdatteien",  AsbjornseQ,  No.  XV> 
Heroine  is  rewarded,  stcpsisier  punished  (loads  Tnll  from  her  month  when  ihe 
speaks}.] — (3)  Stepmother  is  sliil  more  unkind  to  heroine;  makes  her  clean 
the  stables,  and  calls  hei  "  Dung-slul". — (4)  Stepmother  and  stepsister  go  to 
church,  leaving  heroine  at  home  to  gather  up  peas  thrown  into  the  ashet, — 
(5)  Weeping,  she  sets  to  work,  when  a  I'.rr/c  (an  undeigronnd  troll,  ghost) 
enters  Trom  hill  outside,  leatns  canse  of  her  trouble,  leads  her  into  the  hill, 
dresses  her  beautifullyi  gives  her  gold  shoes,  a  knife  and  a  scabbard,  And  a 
horse,  and  sends  her  lo  church,  telling  her  to  pretend  not  lo  see  when  prince 
takes  her  shoe  and  knife,  and  should  he  ask  whence  she  comes,  to  say, 
"From  Walerland."— 16)  Heroine  does  as  bidden.^7)  A  week  later  prince 
comes  to  slepmolher's  houEe  with  the  shoe.  He  rides  oif  with  stepsister, 
who  has  cut  heel  and  toe  in  order  to  get  shoe  on.  They  pass  a  beaatiful 
lime-tree,  where  some  small  birds  sit  chirping  : 

"  The  wounded  heels  and  toes  they  drip. 
And  fill  with  blood  Ihe  golden  shoes. 
Chippy-chippy,  chip- chip-chip  1 
The  girl  in  the  stable  you  should  choose  !" 

(E)  They  pass  another  lime-tree  and  hear  the  same  song.  Then  prince  look* 
round  and  sees  blood  dripping  from  Ihe  shoes  of  the  false  bride,  and  throws 
her  from  ihe  horse  (for  stie  is  sitting  behind  him);  then  returns  and  calls  forth 
the  Stablc-slnt,  who  runs  lo  Ihe  hill,  dons  her  beautiful  dreu,  and  manle*    , 


4 


'  There  is  generally  a  bouse  built  o' 


PROr.   MOE's  MS.   COLLECTION.  325 


Ibid,    (A  fragment  written  down  by  J.  Moe.)  82 

"  LiTA  KjERSTi"  (Little  Christina). 

(i)  Heroine  is  starved  by  her  stepmother. — (2)  At  her  mother's  tomb  she 
receives  a  wand  ;  she  most  touch  the  horns  of  the  ox  with  one  end  of  it  to  get 
food,  and  with  the  other  end  to  get  drink. — (3)  She  walks  thrice  round  a  hill, 
saying,  "  White  before  me,  black  behind  me  !"  then  enters  the  hill ;  finds 
therein  food  and  driok,  three  horses,  and  three  dresses. — (4)  She  goes  to 
church  on  three  Sundays,  later  than  her  stepmother ;  drops  her  glove,  her  shoe, 
and  her  ring  on  leaving. 


Ibid,     (From  Bo,  Thelemarken,  South  Norway.)  83 

"Kari  Trestakk"  (i). 

[This  story  resembles  Kari  Trsestak  (see  No.  30),  except  that  the  troll  in 
the  copper  wood  has  six  horns,  in  the  silver  wood  eight,  and  in  the  golden 
wood  ten.    Also  this  formula  occurs  : 

"  Light  before,  behind  me  dark  ! 
Whither  I  ride  no  man  shall  mark."] 


Ibid,     (From  the  same  place.      Probably  derived   from  84 

Asbjornsen*s  tale  in  Nor, — M.  M.) 

"  Kari  Trestakk"  (2). 

( I )  Parents  die,  leaving  nothing  for  their  children  but  a  pan  for  baking  flat 
loaves  and  a  cat.  The  boy  takes  the  pan  and  the  girl  the  cat. — (2)  Heroine 
enters  king's  service  at  castle.  Cat  catches  venison,  and  thus  procures  a 
copper  dress,  a  silver  dress,  and  a  gold  dress  for  heroine.  First  time  she  goes 
to  church  she  drops  her  whip,  the  second  time  her  handkerchief,  the  third 
time  her  golden  shoe. 

[The  story  proceeds  in  the  usual  manner.] 


Ibid,     (From  the  same  place.)  85 

"  Kari  Trestakk"  (3). 

(i)  Kari  sets  out  into  the  world,  having  a  copper,  a  silver,  and  a  gold  dress. 
— (2)  She  encounters  an  ox,  which  a&ks  her  to  cut  off  its  head.  She  does  so 
and  it  is  changed  into  a  beautiful  horse,  upon  which  she  rides  to  king's  castle. 
— (3)  There  she  dresses  in  a  wooden  cloak  and  c^ogs. 

[The  continuation  U  like  <<  Kari  Trsestak'  (No.  30).] 

"  A  cut  heel,  a  cut  toe ! 
In  the  stable  she  sits  whom  alone  the  shoe  fits. 


I  Ibid.    (From  the  same  place.) 

"Kari  Trestakk"  (4). 
(l)  Heroine  lakes  service  in  king's  castle.  She  is  so  poor  thai  she  wexrx  a 
wooden  petlico&t  {,stakk\. — (1)  She  is  lold  lo  curry  balh-ii^ter  to  king,  who, 
iiearing  noise  on  the  stairs,  loak;  out  >iui  throws  Ihe  w&tei  orer  beroioe's 
head. — (3)  She  is  ordered  lo  fetch  more  water,  which  cook  is  10  ciny  ap- 
stain.  Sinking  the  tub  in  the  rivulei,  she  catches  a  fish  which  asks  10  be  ««t 
free,  promisiaj;  as  reward  a  gold  dress,  a  horse,  and  a  goldea  saddle.  Heroine 
liberates  Ihe  lish  and  gets  the  promised  reward. — (4}  Presenllf  she  asks  Co  go 
to  church.  "  Whit  do  you  want  with  going  to  church,  hiving  nothing  but  a 
wooden  dress  ?"  But  she  gels  permission,  then  hies  lo  the  rivulei  toe  her 
golden  dress  and  all.     King  sees  her  and  falls  in  love.     Sbe  escapes,  saying  1 


mark.- 

(5)  She  loses  her  shoe  ;  il  is  taken  to  kiog,  who  has  it  tried  on  all  the  girls. 
One  of  them  cuts  her  heel  and  toe,  and  squeezes  her  foot  into  it.  A  small 
turd  in  a  tree  warbles  ; 

"  Cut  olTyour  heet,  cat  off  your  toe  I 
The  gold  shoe  fits  a  girl  1  know." 
King  tiims  bock  with  the  false  bride,  and  the  shoe  is  tried  on  Kiri's  foul,  and 
fits  her. 


Ibid.    (From  Bo,  or  Hittcrdal,  in  Thelemarkeri, ) 
"  Sjukdottera"  (Dialect. =TTic  Slepdaughlor). 

(I)  Widower  with  one  daughter  marries  Bf^in.  Stepmother  is  kind  to  her 
own  daughter,  but  abuses  heroine. — {1)  One  day  they  are  all  to  go  to  a  place 
called  "  Valil",  but  heroine  must  stay  at  home.  She  cries,  and  begs  lo  go 
loo.  She  may  go  if  she  can  gather  up  the  two  quarts  of  peas  which  Rlep- 
molher  throws  in  the  ashes,  and  sepaiale  the  worm.eaten  from  ihe  louad. 
Heroine  calls  lo  [he  birds  : 

"  Come,  all  my  little  birdies,  please. 
And  help  me  sort  these  scattered  peas  ; 
The  WDrm.eateo  eat,  bnl  ne'er  anolhcr  ; 
The  best  I  must  have  to  give  my  stepmother." 
Birds  come  and  quickly  perform  task. — {J|  Siepmother  then  throws  three 
quarts  of  peas  into  the  ashes,  and  they  are  gathered  and  sorted  in  the  lame 
ivay.     Still  heroine  is  not  allowed  to  go. — (4)  She  sits  on  her  mother's  grave 
>veeping.     An  angel  from  heaven  brings  her  a  golden  dress.     She  goes  after 
the  others  ;  the  king  sees  her  and  falls  in  love. 
[Tlie  natratoi  remembered  no  mure.] 


■'Tr«ki 


PKOF. 

moe's 

MS.    COI 
Ibid. 

.LECTION. 

«A"  (4 

/aira  = 

lo  make 

a  noise ; 

Ira 


H.d). 


P 


(I)  Man  and  wire  have  a  daughter.  Wife,  dying,  gives  husband  a  ring, 
makioK  him  promise  lo  martji  whotntoevet  it  fits.— (I)  Daughlet  puti  it  on, 
and  bther  wants  to  mairf  her.  She  demand*,  fini,  a  wooden  cloak  ;  secondly, 
a  Tealher  diik,  a  h  mc  and  carriage  :  lasilv,  a  golden  dress,  gold  carriage  and 
horse*.— (3)  Having  obtained  all  these  things,  heroine  encipes,  hid«  fine 
dotbes  in  a  hill,  dons  wooden  cloak,  and  takei  service  in  king's  castle. — (4I 
On  first  Sunday  she  carriei  balh-waler  to  the  prince  ;  aflerwards  goes  10 
church  in  feather. dress,  and  tells  prince  she  comes  from  "  Water- land". — (5) 
Nexl  Sunitaf  she  takes  hisk  a  lowel,  and  ttlli  him  in  church  ihal  she  comes 
from  "Towel-land".— (6)  Ttiini  Sunday  she  takes  him  a  handkerchief  ;  says 
she  comes  from  "  Hand  kerchief- land."     She  loses  her  golden  ^hoe. 

[I'lof.  Moe  safE  that  Ihe  conclusion  of  the  story  resembles  that  of  "  Kari 
Trawak"  (see  No.  30),  eicept  ihal  there  are  no  lisletj.] 


I 


Ibid.    (From  Flaldal.) 

"JENTEN  MBD  Kra.\keskindskjolen"  (The  Girl  wilh  the 
Crow-skin  Cloak). 

(I)  Widowed  king  wantu  to  marrj  his  daoghter. — (3)  She  is  unwiiling, 
aod,  counselled  by  old  woman,  decnands  from  father,  first,  a  dress  like  the 
stars,  then  one  like  the  moon,  afiermrds  one  like  the  sun,  and,  lastly,  a  gown 
of  crows'  skim.  When  she  has  obtained  all  these,  ;he  is  to  join  old  woman 
in  the  garden.  Father  complies  with  all  her  demands.  "  You  i^n  imagine 
how  the  prce  of  crows'  skins  went  np."— (3)  At  the  appointed  time  heroine 
repairs  to  the  garden,  taking  all  the  dresses.  There  she  finds  a  horse,  moanu 
il,  and  rides  off  to  the  caslle  of  another  king.  Horse  asks  to  be  put  in  a 
small  cottage. — (4)  Heroine  is  made  scullery- maid.  On  Sunday  she  gets  per- 
mission to  go  to  church,  puts  on  her  star  dre»,  and  rides  off.  All  the  people 
gau  at  her,  and  the  prince  tries  to  overtake  her,  but  her  hone  ii  too  swin, 
"  Well,  didn't  the  people  stare  at  yon?"'  asks  the  cook.  "Can't  help  it  ir 
they  did,''  layi  heroine. — (5)  Next  Sunday  she  wears  the  moon  dress,  and  on 
third  Sunday  the  sun  dttss.— <6)  That  day  the  prince  gets  hold  of  one  of  het 
shoes.  All  the  girls  are  to  iiy  it  on,  and  at  length  it  is  heroine's  torn.  "  I'm 
obliged  10  iry  it  on  you  loo,  for  there  is  liaidly  anyone  else  left."  "You 
don't  suppose  it  would  fit  me,  do  you?'  says  heroine,  raiting  her  skirt  ju.^t  a 
little,  that  prince  may  catch  a  glimpse  of  the  beautiful  gown  she  wears  beneath. 
You  may  imagine  how  glad  he  was  I 


ELLA    VARIAI 


I  393    MoLUECH,  Vdvm 


'e  Eventyr.     1854.     Vol 
(From  Jutland.) 


"PiGEN  I    MUSESK 


en"  (The  Girl  in  the   Mouse-sltin 
Cloak). 
(1)  A  squire  his  sn  only  daughter,  for  whom,  during  war,  he  has  a  chamber 
made  in  s  mound.     Here  she  must  remain  Tor  sctck  years,  if  not  in  the  meui- 
time  liberaled.     After  that  period  she  might  suppose  her  fnther  dead.    For 
seven  years  heroine  sits  underground,  spinning,   weaTing,  and  sewing,  and 
makes  herself  (wo  beautiful  dres&ci,  ooe  of  silver,  one  goldqn.     Then,  her 
victuals  being  exhausted,  she  b^ns  lo  dig  her  way  out.^z)  Her  d(^  catches 
mice,  which  she  skins  and  fries,  and,  at  last,  she  makes  herself  a  large  cloak 
out  of  the  skins.     Having  crept  out  of  mound,  she  fastens  the  skins  that  were 
over  on  small  slicks  round  the  mound,  coven  her  gold  dress  with  the  mouse- 
skin  cloak,  and  sets  out  to  hei  old  home.     Her  bther  has  long  been  dead. — 
(31  The  new  squire  is  about   to  be  married.      Heroine  gels  employed  as 
scullery. maid,  her  face  being  hidden  by  a  hood.    On  the  eve  of  the  wedding- 
day  the  bride  calls  her,  conlides  lo  her  her  love  for  someone  else,  and  per- 
suades heroine  lo  lake  her  place  in  church. — (4)  Next  morning,  under  ptt- 
tence  of  letting  also  the  poor  scullery-maid  see  her  in  wedding  altire,  the  bride 
sends  for  heroine,  then  changes  dresses  with  her,  coveting  herself  with  tht  j 
large  mouse-skin  cloak.     On  the  way  to  church  heroine  lays,  as  they  pass  Ibe  I 
mound  where  she  was  buried  : 

•'  Yonder  the  sticks  are  standing  yel 

Whereon  the  mouse-skins  I  did  set ; 

Poor  wretch  thai  I  was,  when,  day  after  day, 

I  sat  in  the  hill,  with  a  heart  never  gay." 
"What  do  you  say,  my  love?"     "I  was  only  talking  to  mTselfl"     In  the  .1 
church  the  portraits  of  her  parents,  hanging  on  either  side  of  the  altar,  turn  | 
themselves  round  before  her  eyes,  and  she  says  : 

*'  Turn,  beautiful  pictures,  yourselves  turn  once  more, 

[>ear  falher  and  mother,  'lis  I  who  implore." 
Instantly  they  turn  back  again  ;  the  squire  once  more  asking  what  she  sajdi  ' 
and  getting  same  reply.  He  puis  ihe  ring  on  her  finger,  and  they  return  home, 
when  gills  exchange  dresses  again. — (5)  In  the  evening,  whilst  dancing  with 
his  bride,  the  squire  misses  the  wedding.ring,  and  asks  where  it  is.  Bride 
says  ihc  left  it  on  the  a-indow-sill,  and  runs  out  lo  get  it.  Heroine  will  not 
give  up,  but  consents  lo  stand  behind  bride  in  dark  passage,  the  candle 
being  eilinguisbed,  and  stretch  out  her  hand.  The  squire  sciies  her  hand, 
and,  dragging  her  into  the  room,  discovers,  to  his  amazement,  the  giri  in  the 
mouse.ikin  cloali.  All  gkther  round  them  wondering  ;  heroine  drops  the 
cloak,  and  stands  forth  in  her  golden  dress.— (6)  She  tells  everything,  and  the 
marriage  is  joyful.  The  other  girl  marries  her  love,  and  receives  from  berdne 
riches  and  gold  in  plenty. 


MONSKUR,  — MULLENHOFl*. 


E.  }-\oii^E.vii,  Le  Folk-lore  Waliott.     Bruxdies,  i8ga,     ['.  xxx.    3 
(Narrated  to  M.  Simon  al  Chatelineau.) 

(I)  King  a>ki  hi^  ihcec  daughters  how  much  (bey  Jove  liim.  Eld»t 
ujs,  "  As  much  Bs  bread"  ;  lecoiid.  "  As  much  as  wine"  ;  aud  }'oungest  s>y>, 
■'.\»  much  15  sail'. — it)  Tbinkio^  youngeBt  daiijjhler  does  nt)(  love  him  al 
aJI,k<ng  hu  her  sbu[  ouuide  pilace-gatei. — (3)  Anolhet  king,  disapproving  of 
thU  trealtnenl,  rikes  beroine  to  tia  own  palace.— (4)  One  day  he  arranges  a 
hanijucl,  lu  which  he  invites  heroine'^  father.  The  repasi  is  sumpluouB,  but 
ihe  «alt  is  omiited  ill  cveryibin);.  When  Iting  a  atked  if  the  diihes  are  nice, 
he  replies  each  lime,  "  Ye*,  but  it  is  a  pity  there  ii  no  tail !"  Finally,  be 
nieniion,  and  is  lejoiced  to  take  his  daughter  borne  again. 


MOl-LKNHOfF,  K.\Vii^  Siigen,  MUreheri  unii Lieder  der  J/erzoglhiimcr 
Schlesu'ig  Hohltin  und  Lauenburg.  Kiel,  1845.  Pp.  391-94- 
No.  V.     (Frtim  Meldorf.) 

"JUNr.FKR    MaLF.F.V." 

(1)  King  has  daughler  called  Jangfer  Maleen  ;  will  not  allow  her  10  mairy 
son  of  another  king,  lie  walls  her  up  in  a  high  lower  with  a  chambermaid, 
and  pravisioos  for  seven  years.  No  light  enters  the  lower,  and  they  only 
know  by  victuals  being  spent  when  the  seven  years  have  pa^ed.  No  one 
comes  lo  liberate  them.— (2)  They  try  to  make  a  hole  in  wall,  and  after 
Ihree  days'  bating  a  ray  of  light  is  admitted.  When  they  can  look  oul  heroine 
sees  ihal  father's  castle  is  destroyed,  ihe  towns  and  villages  burnetl,  the  irelds 
laid  wa^le,  and  no  human  soul  in  sight.  They  make  hole  large  enough  to 
creep  through  and  get  out.  The  enemy  have  sluin  all  the  inhabitants  and 
driven  the  king  away.  Heroine  and  maid  wander  thiuugh  kingdom  witboal 
finding  food  or  lodging;  must  feed  on  tlinging-netiles.— (3)  They  reach 'a 
foreign  land,  and  vainly  seek  employment  till  at  length  they  are  both  engaged 
al  palace  as  scullions  lo  blow  the  5re  (Aichenfusler).  The  king'ison  is  the 
prince  to  whom  heroine  had  been  plighted. — (4)  He  is  now  to  many  a  certain 
princess  at  court,  but  she  is  so  ugly  that  she  i)  shy  at  being  seen,  and  on  ibc 
wedding-day  calls  heroine,  and  asks  her  10  wear  her  dolhet^  and  go  lo  church 
in  her  stead.  Heroine  refuse?,  till  princess  ihnealens  her  hie  ;  then  she  tuu- 
sents.  Everyone  is  astounded  when  lovely  bride  enters  room.  On  the  way  to 
church  they  pass  a  bush  of  sling ing-ncttlc!>.     Heroine  says : 

"  Btennetlelbusch, 
Bienneitelbu^ch  so  klene. 
Wai  sieisl  du  hier  allene  ? 


'  For  abitiacl  of  this  ttoty  mc  Appendix. 


330  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

Ik  hef  de  Tyt  geweten, 
Dahefilidy 
Ungcsnden, 
Ucgebnden  Men." 
(NeltSe-biuh,  Uttle  nettle-bush,  whal  are  you  doing  all  alone  ?    t  have 
known  Ihe  lime  when  I  ale  jaa  unboiled,  unroasled.) 

King's  son  asks  what  she  says.  She  replies,  "  Nothing  ;  I  was  only  saying 
something  aboui  Jungfer  Malecn."  He  wonders  what  the  can  know  aboai 
her,  but  saya  nuihmj;-     When  they  cross  the  brid|>e  >n  froni  of  church  heroine 


(Kuol- bridge,  break  nol !  t  am  nol  the  true  bride.) 

Again  he  asks  whal  she  s»ys,  receiving  same  reply.  He  ask.s  whether  sbe 
knows  Jungfer  Maleen,  who  sits  imprisoned  in  a  lower.  She  replies  she  does 
not  know  her  ;  has  only  heard  of  her.     At  chuich-door  heroine  says  : 


(Church-dour,  break  not  1 


11  the  ti 


Same  question  and  answer.  Then  he  fflslens  cosily  trinket  round  her  neck, 
and  they  are  married.— (5)  When  they  return  home  heroine  must  cxchance 
her  lovely  clothes  with  princess,  but  she  keeps  necklace  for  herself.  In  the 
evening  king's  son  asks  bride  what  she  said  to  the  stinging -net  tie.  She 
replies  that  she  has  spoken  to  no  stinging -neltte.     Me  insists  on  knowing,  so 

**  Mat  beruet  na  myne  Maegl- 
De  my  myn  Gedanken  draeijl." 
(1  must  t;o  and  seek  my  maid,  who  keeps  ray  thoughts  for  me) 

Jungler  Maleen  repeals  what  she  bad  s-iid  in  the  rnorniny,  and  bride  runs  back 
to  tell  bridfgroorti.  He  then  asks  what  she  said  at  church  bridge,  and  sbe 
must  again  consult  heroine,  whose  life  she  threatens.  Same  thing  happen* 
when  prince  would  know  what  wassaid  at  charch-door.  Then  he  asks  for  the 
necklace,  and  knows  that  she  is  not  the  right  bride, — (6)  She  confesses  every- 
thing, and  prince  dcnds  her  to  fetch  Jungfcr  Maleen.  But  she  goe>  instead  10 
call  servants,  and  bid  them  murder  Jungfer  Malet-n.  They  drag  her  onli 
and  are  about  to  behead  her,  when  king's  son  steps  ap,  and  knows  by  the 
necklace  that  heroine  is  bis  own  bride.  He  looki  at  her  more  closely,  and 
recognise  his  first  love.— (7)  They  are  mamed,  and  the  other  princess  be- 
headed. 


ditt 


I 


Mme.  B.  Nemcova,  Sltnienskl  poMdky  a  pmxsti  (Slovac  Tales  f)8  | 
and  Legends).  Prague,  1857.  Pp.  sn-aa.  No.  XLVIII. 
"O  Poi'Ki.mcL"  (De  la  Cendrillon). 
(I)  Pcperuke  hu  a.  kiod  father,  but  ii  ill-ireated  by  stepmoiher,  who  hiu 
daughter  of  her  own. — (I)  Father  goes  to  1  fair,  and  askt  gicis  what  he  shall 
liring  ihem  home.  Heroine  ukc  for  whatever  hits  his  face  after  he  has 
pasted  (he  forest.  The  branch  of  a  nut-tree  hits  him,  anil  he  brings  it  home 
for  heroine,  with  a  few  nuts.— (3)  She  wants  to  go  xo  church,  bat  sicp- 
ninher  foibidi  her,  and  mixes  millet  with  (he  ashes  for  her  to  separate.— (4I 
Heroine  goes  to  well  to  wash  herself;  the  nuts  drop  into  well  :  stic  weeps  ; 
•  frog  rises  with  one  of  the  nuts  in  its  mouth,  and  says,  "  Open  it ! 
lleruine  finds  inside  a  dress  like  the  sun.  Six  pigeons  appear,  perform  task, 
and  dress  heroine.— (5)  She  hies  to  church,  saying;  "The  mist  is  behind 
mc ;  the  mist  is  before  mc  ;  God's  son  is  above  me."  Everyone  looks  at 
her ;  so  does  the  prince,  who  questions  all  as  to  who  she  is  ;  but  no  one 
knows.  Meroine  surrounds  herself  with  mitt  on  leaving,  goes  home,  hides 
dress  in  the  nut-shell,  and  puts  it  under  a  siooe,  calling  to  frog  in  the  wcU  to 
guard  it. — (6)  All  happens  the  same  next  Sunday ;  she  wears  dress  like  the 
moon. — (7)  On  the  third  Sunday  she  wears  dress  of  stars,  and  loses  her  shoe 
in  ihe  pitch. — (8)  Prince  visits  every  house,  trying  the  shoe,  lie  comes  to 
heroine's.  Stepmother  cuts  own  daughter's  foot  to  make  it  small  enough. 
Prince  inquires  if  she  has  any  other  children  ;  she  says  no;  but  the  cock 
ring*  out,  "  There's  a  pretty  girl  under  the  trough !'  for  11  is  (here  that  step- 
mother  haa  hidden  her, — (9)  Pnnce  marries  her.  The  pigeons  and  the  cock 
■ccompony  her;  so  does  bet  old  father. 


Ghbraruo  NlCRUCCi,  Sfssania  NinxUt  popular!  M&ntukii  (cir- 
condnrio  di  Pisloia).  Firenze,  1S80.  Pp.  to6-io.  Na  XIII. 
(Nanaled  by  Luisa,  widoH-  of  (linanni.) 


"Occhi-Makci." 
(Sec  Comparttli,  No.  . 


md.y  pp.  280-85-     Novella  XXXII.     (Told  by  I.ui 
Ginanni.) 


ividow   of    240  1 


"  La  R.\gazza  Sebi'e," 

|i)  Poor  moo  loses  young  wife,  who  leaves  lovely   baby  called  Rohm. 

He  marries  again,  and  tecond  wife  bears  ugly  child,  called  Assunta.     Child- 

ran  grow  up,   and  go  to  school   together.    Assunta,   who  is   ili-iempered. 


CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

tells  mother  (hot  people  they  meet  lay  how  blick  uid  iiely  Assunta  i%  h 
chsnningly  rosy  nod  beautifol  is  Rosino.     *'  I  woo't  go  with  her  any  more  i 
Mother  tells  her  the  people  are  quite  right ;  her  daughter  is  bliclt,  b«aa»e 
her  own  shin  is  dark.     She  should  not  heed  >uch  remarks.     AssunOiay*, 
"Yon  are  against  me,  tool"  and  begins  to  weep.     Mother  ask*  whal  wUl  J 
comrorl  her.     "Sepd  Rosina  to  mind  cawi,  and  give  her  a  pound  of  hempi 
to  spin.     If  she  conies  home  at  night  with  coos  unfed  ind  hemp  unlpun,  I 
her  with  a  stick,  und  make  her  ugly."— (i)  Mother,  yielding  reluctantly  lafl 
daughter's  caprici:.  calls  heioini;,  sends  her  to  cut  fodder  for  the  c 
gives  her  hemp  to  spin.     Kosira  goes  sad  at  heart,  saying  on  the  way,  *'  Mf  ^ 
cows!     tlow  am  I  to  cut  gnus  for  yon,  when  1  have  got  all  thia  hen 
to  spin?"     One  of  the  cows  suddenly  lurns.  and  lajs,  "Don't  be  u 
Kosina  I  you  mow  ibc  grass  for  this  evenin);,  and  we  will  spin  the  hemp  •! 
wind  it  into  skuins.     Vou  have  only  to  say  : 

*  Dear  Utile  cow,  my  little  cow  ! 
Spin  with  your  mouth.  Spin  for  me  now. 
Wind  with  your  horns,  again,  agun, 
(Quickly  Qiake  it  into  a  skein.' " 

When  hecoine  returns  at  6j»\  with  bundle  of  i;rass  and  hemp,  spun  ■ 
wound,  AssunCa  is  eorsgcd.— <3)  She  persuades  mother  to  give  Rosina  twict 
Ihe  quantity  of  hemp  nem  day,  and  to  beat  licr  lo  death  if  it  is  not  EpUB.  | 
Rosina  tells  cows  of  imposasble  task,  and  same  cow  replies  as  befoib 
AsEunta  is  terribly  angry  when  Rosina  returns  at  night  with  task  done,  and 
asks  how  on  eanh  she  has  managed  it.  Rosina  siys  the  cows  helped  bet. — 
(4)  Assunta  tells  moiher  ihtt  Rosina  shall  do  housework  to-morrow,  andalie 
will  go  with  cows  and  do  the  spinning.  She  hits  their  tails  with  a  stick  as  «he 
follows  them.  Arrived  at  thi'  Gelds,  she  puis  the  hemp  on  Iheir  horns,  and 
then  beats  them  so  vigorouily,  because  Ihey  do  nothing  with  it,  that  cow» 
tosi  iheir  beads  till  hemp  is  all  tangled.  When  she  returns  at  night,  with  no 
bundle  of  hty,  but  with  cows  knocked  about  and  hemp  in  a  muddle,  mother 
asks  what  she  has  been  doing.  Assunta  says  cows  were  unruly,  aod  she  had 
to  beat  them.  Moiher  reproves  her  for  bad  temper. — (5)  Alter  some  days, 
Assunta.  always  trying  lo  liarm  Rosina,  says  to  mother,  "  I  want  to  eal  some 
gallom^ili.  Send  Rosina  lo-night  to  pick  some  from  peasanl's  field."  Rodaa 
objects  to  being  made  to  steal,  but,  as  Assunta  insists,  she  goes  to  pick  ihe 
gallonzM,  and  finds  a  turnip,  which  she  tries  to  pall  up.  She  tugs  and  tugs ; 
al  last  turnip  comes  out,  and  underneath  it  are  five  liny  lilile  loads^a  nest  of 
toads,  in  fact.— (6)  Rosins  takes  them  in  her  hands  to  put  into  her  lap,  when 
one  slips  through  bet  fingeia,  and,  in  trying  to  save  il,  she  breaks  its  leg. 
"  Poor  thing  I  I  didn't  mean  to  hurt  you."  But  the  other  toads  1 
comfortable  in  hci  lap,  and  ate  considering  how  ihey  shnll  repay  girl's  kind 
ness.  "She  shall  be  the  fairest  iu  the  world,  and  shall  shine  like  the  si 
when  (he  sun  has  set."  But  the  lame  toad  exclaims,  "  1  mean  lo  see  JUK 
done  !  She  should  take  cate  how  she  throws  a  fellow  doun  and  injures  hi 
As  a  panishmenl  she  shall  become  a  serpent  when  she  sees  the  itm,  and  01 
retnm  to  a  girl  if  she  gets  into  Ihe  oven  and  ii  scoidied." — (7)   Ro* 


NERUCCI. — BE   NINO, 


333 


lome  wilh  tbe  g'llleiiioli,  half  glad,  half  tad.  Matber  and  Asninta 
icc  how  much  moie  lovely  she  has  become,  and  bow  i^he  >hine«  like  the  sun, 
H>  Uutl  near  hei  one  can  *ce  by  night  as  well  as  by  daylight  She  tells  them 
all  that  hu  happened,  and  begs  them  to  do  bee  the  kindness  never  to  send 
hei  out  in  tbe  «un,  leit  she  become  ■  lerpcnt.  So  Rosina  never  goes  oat, 
except  at  night. — (8)  Once,  whilst  she  is  silling  at  her  window  singing,  king's 
«n>  goes  by  whislting,  and,  luming  his  eyes  to  where  he  sees  a  great  lighl, 
beholds  this  girl,  almost  blinding  to  look  apon.  He  is  attoniahed  to  see 
so  much  loveliness  in  >uch  a  poor  bui,  and  goes  in  and  asks  questions,  till 
RocJna  at  lengih  tells  of  her  misfortune,  la  spite  of  this  be  means  to  miirrjr 
ber,  though  moiber  says  giil  will  get  him  into  nice  trouble  should  she  turn 
into  B  serpent.  Prince  says  ihat's  his  affair.  He  sball  send  closed  carriage 
for  ber,  so  that  sun  shall  not  hurl  her,  and  he  will  pay  mother  for  bringing 
het  to  palace. — (9}  Mother  and  Assunta,  compelled  to  obey,  make  prepara- 
tions for  Roslna'a  departure  wilh  an  lilgiace.  Mother  accompanies  her 
in  dosed  carriage,  which  has  only  one  tillle  aperture  in  the  top  to  admit  air 
at  pleasate.  Behind  caniage  stands  the  driver  (as  they  used  at  one  lime  in 
Florence),  wiih  plumes  in  his  hat,  a  gorgeous  livery,  and  a  sword  dangling  at 
his  side.  Mother  siy;  to  him,  "  I'll  give  you  ten /<ii>/i' if  you'll  open  the  bole 
at  the  top  when  the  sun  shines.  1  can't  stand  being  suffocated  like  this." 
He  agrees  to  do  so,  and  when  mother  gives  him  a  %iga,  just  al  noon,  when 
the  sun  is  shining  in  al!  it;  sircngth,  he  opens  the  shutter,  letting  a  ray 
of  sunlight  fall  on  Roslna's  bead,  transforming  ber  into  a  serpent,'  which 
glides  away  into  the  wood.  When  king's  son  hniis  only  mother  in  carriage, 
be  weepB  scalding  teats,  and  is  almost  disposed  10  kill  mother  and  coachman. 
— (10)  In  the  royal  paiace  there  is  a  special  kitchen,  and  oven  for  cooking 
food  for  tbe  poor.  One  day,  cook  being  busy  preparing  big  dinner  for  Court 
guests,  and  wanling  (o  mike  oven  extra  hot,  pnti  on  tbe  lire  some  lie^ 
bnubwDod,  brought  in  that  morning.  All  at  once  he  sees  a  serpent  amongst 
the  twigs,  and  it  is  thrown  right  into  the  flames  eie  be  can  save  it.  Whilst 
trying  to  drive  it  out  al  oven's  mouth,  all  al  once  a  most  beautiful  girl  emeigcs, 
luked,  and  shining  like  Ihe  sim.  Cook  calls  otit  that  there  is  a  girl  in  the 
oven,  and  the  Court  and  the  king's  son  run  to  see. — (11)  He  reCf^ises 
Rosina,  and  takes  her  to  his  room.  She  lives  happily,  and  has  never  any- 
Ihing  more  to  fear. 


Antonio  De  Nino,  Usi  e  costumi abrutsesi,     Firen^er,  1883. 
Vol.  iii,  Finfie,  pp.  90-98.     No.  XVII. 

"  Zp;'  SiiVERiNA"  =  Zia  Stigherina  (Daiiie  Cork). 

[S^ler'i  nete.—Tbii  itory  is  narrated  in  ihe  following  disirictt  of  ihc 
Abraui :  Introdocqua,  Pacentro,  Pettorano,  Rocca{Ma,  Sulmonia,  etc  In 
Catignano,  Citti  Sant'  Angelo,  Lorelo  Apiutino,  Pianella,  Spoliore,  etc,  il  is 


CINDERELLA 


called  "Caterina  di  Legno",  bcnuse,  in  place  of  cork-dress,  heroine  iihuti 
herself  up  in  a  hallow  wooden  statue,  and  repairs  to  (he  wood,  wherecoant': 
son  finds   her.     EkewKcre  the   story  is  aJso  called  "La  Veechio  vavom' 


1 


ii«' 


al.] 


(l)  Before  dying,  wife  makes  husband  promise  to  marry  no  one  who  annot 
wear  the  gold  ting  ih«  leaves  him.  Many  ladirs  try  it  in  »ain.— I  j)  One  day 
he  sees  ring  on  daughter's  finger,  and  since  she  alone  can  wear  it,  says  he  it 
destined  to  marry  her.— (3)  Heroine  confides  in  old  fairy,  who  comforts  her, 
and  bids  her  demand  from  father  n  dress  embroidered  in  gold  with  u  many 
stars  as  there  ate  in  the  sky.  Father  finds  the  dress,  and  beroine  again  con-. 
suits  fairy.  She  next  demands  dress  emhroidered  in  silver  with  as  many  fiahet 
as  there  are  in  the  sea,  and  when  this  is  procured,  ■  dress  with  sua  in  front 
and  moon  behind ;  lastly,  a  cork-dress  which  shall  cover  her  from  head  to 
fool. — (4)  Counselled  by  fairy,  she  now  marries  father.  She  sends  him  to  bed 
whilst  she  goes  (o  wash  her  feet,  puts  two  pigeons  in  vessel  of  walcr  to  make 
a  splashing,  steals  away  to  (airy,  who  wraps  the  three  dresses  round  her,  ahutx 
her  in  cork-dress,  and  throws  her  into  the  sea. — {5)  King's  son  passing  along 
the  shore  sees  curious  body  floating  aboat,  and  thinking  it  a  new  tort  of  Gsh, 
bids  fisherman  land  il.  Fish  says.  "  I  am  a  poor  old  woman."  King*!!  son 
lakes  her  to  palace  as  a  cariosity.  News  spreads  abroad,  and  old  woman  U 
called  Zt'  Sirviritia,  "Dame  Cork,"  Queen.mother  asks  what  she  can 
do.  "  Nothing,"  says  heroine.  Sarrly  she  can  mind  eoslings  in  the  garden. 
So  heroine  it  put  in  poultry-house.  Every  day  she  sends  in  large  basket  of 
eggs.  Queen  is  pleased,  and  grows  fond  of  old  woman. — (6)  Every  Sundl^ 
heroine  dofis  cork-dresi,  dons  one  of  her  fine  dresses,  gets  up  into  a  tree,  lela 
down  her  hair,  and  combs  it.  A  quantity  of  golden  piiis  [xnich)^  fall  from 
hair  ;  goslings  pick  them  ap,  then  sorround  tree  and  sing. — (7)  One  evenJBg 
heroine  takes  in  basket  of  eggs  as  king's  ion  is  preparing  to  go  lo  ball.  She 
asks  where  he  is  going.  He  won't  lelt.  She  insists ;  he  hits  her  with 
boot.  She  returns  to  fioultry-house,  pots  on  dress  with  silver  fishes,  com- 
mands carriage  and  servants,  and  goes  to  balL  King's  son  wants  to  duiee 
with  her  all  the  time  ;  asks  her  name:  "Boot";  her  father's  name  :  "Boot") 
whence  she  comes  :  "  From  Mount  Bool."  She  escapes  ;  king's  son  cannot 
see  whither,  for  she  tosses  handful  of  ashes  into  the  air,  causing  thick  mist  — 
(S)  Anolhet  evening  she  encounleti  king's  son  at  palace,  afks  same  qaestion, 
and  gets  fire-shovel  by  way  of  answer.  She  goes  to  ball  clad  in  dress  with  gold 
Stan  ;  lelU  king's  son  her  name  is  "  Shovel";  her  father  is  called  "  Shovel"; 
she  comes  from  "Mount  Shovel".— (9)  Third  evening,  when  she  insistx 
on  knowing  where  king's  son  is  going,  she  gets  a  blow  wilh  the  tongs  (ti  tbit 
una  Inagliala) ;  goes  to  ball,  says  she  is  Tongs,  daughter  of  Tongs,  of  Mount 
Tongs.  King  gives  her  ring  as  memento  ;  she  escapes.— (lo)  King's  son  falla 
ill  with  love.  He  wants  a  cake ;  mother  makes  it.  Heroine  enters  mean- 
while and  asks  for  one  too  ;  qaeen  makes  it.  Heroine  puis  her  cake  In  the 
oven  beude  the  other,  which  gets  burnt.  Hers,  bdng  cooked  to  perfectioii, 
is  taken  to  prince,  who  finds  in-ide  it  the  ring  he  had  given  to  unknown  Iady> 
love,     At  hii  order  heroine,  who  has  meanwhile  put  on  under  cotk-diess  the 


4 


4 


I 


HE   NINO.— NOV.    IIKU.A    FIGLIA,    ETC.— OKTOIJ.  335 

drtti  with  sun  and  moon,  is  biought  before  him.  He  will  kill  bcr  if  shedoes 
not  Mty  ioHanlly  who  g«ve  her  the  ting.— (n)  She  shrngs  her  shoulden; 
down  fi,t]s  the  corL-dies),     K.iDg's  son  ii  cured,  and  mamM  her. 

Nimella  dtUa  Figlia  del  re  di  Dadn.     Pisa,  t866.     Introduciion    24 
by  Wes-wlofsky.     P.  xxix.     (A  Piedmontese  story  contributed 
by  Gubernatis.) 

"  Marion  de  Bosch." 
(I)  Stepmother  love.^  her  own  uglr  dsuehter,  and  ill-treiis  heroine,  who  is 
be»utiful,  sending  her  to  pasture  with  seven  spindlefuls  to  spin,  — (i)  An  old 
woman  (who  in  the  Madonna)  comn  to  heroine,  and  sajrs,  "  Louse  me." 
"  Willingly,  if  I  hadn't  to  spin  enough  to  fill  seven  spindles."  Madonna 
makes  her  put  everything  on  horns  of  cows,  and  these  s[»n  for  her.  Then 
Miulonna  asks  "  What  have  you  found  T  "'  Deriai  e  gmnale."  [Another 
version  says,  "  Lice  and  nits  ;  a  nice  old  woman  yoa  are  !"  and  the  Madonna 
replici,  "  You  shall  find  granatt  i  dorini."}  Then  Madonna  says,  "  When 
you  get  lo  the  top  of  the  mountain,  lum  round."  Heroine  does  this,  and  ■ 
■tar  settles  on  her  brow,  making  her  stitl  mote  beautiful. — {3)  Stepmother 
questions  her,  and  sends  own  daughter  lo  pasture  with  sluif  lo  spin,  which 
the  doei  not  trouble  to  do.  She  replies  to  Madonna,  "  I  haven't  lime,"  and 
Madonna  aiks  her  three  times.  Then  she  combs  bet,  and  when  aiked  what 
she  has  found,  Mys,  "Lice  and  ntis,  etc"  Such,  the  Madonna  says,  she 
ihtll  And.  Then  stepsister  gets  up  to  go,  and  Madonna  tells  her  to  turn 
round  when  she  gets  to  top  of  mountain.  She  does  10,  and  an  isi'i  tail  comes 
from  her  brow,  and  the  more  ihey  cut  it  the  more  it  grows.  Stepmother  is 
veiy  angiy  with  heroine. — (4)  King  gives  three  balls.  Heroine  goes  to  the 
mountun,  and  obtains  from  Madonna  three  lovely  dreswf,  of  gold,  silver,  and 
steel.  Heroine  asks  stepmother  to  let  her  go  10  ball  \  but  she  gires  her 
■  Mck  of  grain  to  sort  and  count,  and  goes  with  stepsister  lo  ball. — (5) 
Hertnne  weeps,  and  Madonna  comes,  consoles  her,  sorts  the  ^rain  herself, 
and  sends  heroine  to  the  ball,  where  she  dances  with  prince.— (f>)  This  hap- 
pens three  times,  and  no  one  sees  whither  heroine  goes,  because  she  throws 
bran  into  the  eyes  of  all.^(7)  At  third  ball  king  gives  his  own  ring  to 
heroine. — (8)  He  falli  ill,  and  will  eat  nothing.  Heroine  dresses  in  wood, 
and  pii^pa'ei  gruel  for  king,  and  puts  ring  into  iL — (9)  He  tiadi  ring,  sendi 
for  heroine,  makei  her  come  forth  &om  wooden  drew,  and  marries  her. 


I 
I 

I 


Ortoli,  J.  B.  FRtiifeRic,  I^s  cantes  fnpu.airts  d«  tlU  de  Corse.    222 
Paris,  1883.     Pp.  48-56.     No.  IX.     (Told  in  1881  by  Mdllt. 
Adelaide  de  Alma,  of  Porlo-Vecchio.) 

"Marie  la  Fille  du  Roi." 
(1)  King  isks  h't  three  children  how  much  I  hey  love  him.     Eldest  daugh- 
ter and  »in  r^ply  in  extravagai  t  iptms  ;  youpgcil  daaghier  simpiy 


MfeM 


1 


CINDERELUA   VARIANTS. 

"  As  a  Eubmisiive  ind  devoted  daughter  ought  lo  love  such  a  father."  For 
thii  she  U  expelled  froin  home,  and  taking  embroidcTcd  gold  and  lilver 
dresses,  sets  focth,— (l)  After  liavelliDg  all  nigbt,  she  is  about  to  knock  >t  a 
tinn-house  door,  when  she  thinlii  her  beauty  too  noticeable,  and  so  retires  to 
forest,  where  the  lives  several  weeks  on  wild  fruits.  She  flays  a  de»d  asi 
found  by  the  roadside,  and,  clad  in  its  hide,  enters  nobleman's  service  as  goal- 
hetd  at  casllc— (3)  One  day  slie  leads  hit  flock  to  iclittd  spol,  washea 
dons  loyal  garb.  She  sings  ihe  songs  of  her  country  in  a  sod 
voicir,  and  ihe  goaii  leave  off  grazing.  At  nightfall  »be  doDs  ass-skin,  biit  it 
surprised  by  the  king's  son,  who  has  lost  his  way  out  hunting,  and  who  has 
seen  and  heard  all.  Forsaking  her  fioala,  she  flees,  and  foigela  one  pretty 
little  shoe,— (4)  Prince  falls  ill,  and  seeks  pretty  goatherd  in  vain.  He  will 
wed  whomsoever  shoe  fits.  No  one  can  get  it  on. — (5)  Marie  the  gofttherd, 
with  the  ass-skin  over  her  head,  is  fetched  from  neighbouring  castle.  Shoefitt 
her,  but  princt's  parents  object  lo  the  marriage.  Maiie  convinces  them  she  li 
a  princess  by  donning  her  own  clothes. — (6)  She  will  not  wed  prince  unlesi 
her  father  acknowledges  his  error  and  comes  to  wedding.  Messecgeis  report 
that  the  two  elder  children  have  dethroned  him  and  put  him  in  impenetrable 
dungeon.  Heroine  requires  her  lover  to  rtsl<  re  him  10  his  throne. — (7)  This 
is  accompliihed  after  short  war,  but   old  king  is  insane^     After  ■  year  his 

c  restored  through  heroine's  devoted  care (S)  She  then  conKnIi  to 

many  pri 


4 


jbii.,  pp.  75-so.  No.  xn. 

"  Les  Trois  Oranges." 
(l)  Stepmother  isjealDui  of  beautiful  heroine,  her  own  daughter  being  ngly, 
and  persuades  father  to  drive  her  from  home,  telling  bim  that  )he  has  di^ 
graced  herself  through  being  seen  about  with  an  ofllcer. — (l)  Outcast  henune 
gathers  three  oranges.  The  6ist  contains  a  tiny  person  who  asks  for  drink, 
and  drinks  ihc  well  dry,  and  then  recommends  heroine  not  to  open  other 
oranges  till  she  can  offer  enough  water  to  (|uench  thirst  of  people  inHde. 
Heroine  opens  second  orange  at  a  river,  which  is  drained  dry  ;  tlie  third  by  the 
tea,  which  the  fairy  cannot  eihnusL^ — (3)  Fairy  befriends  heroine,  and  lake* 
her  10  live  in  casile.— (4)  Prince  passes  by  and  a  ks  lu  mairy  beautifal  girl. 
He  ii  already  engaged  to  her  ugly  sisier,  but  his  patents  allow  him  to  marry 
heroine  instead.— (51  Stepmother  and  siepsister  die  of  envy. 


I.  Xin.     (Narrated  iti  i88z  by  Marie  Ortolt 
of  Olmiccia-di-Tallano.) 

"I.E.'!  TROIS   POMMES   DE   MARIUCEI.LA." 
(1)  Man  has  beautiful  wile  who  bean  d»t)ghl«T  her  fxact  imvcr,     Oneday.   \ 
when  Mariocella  is  weaned,  mother  suddenly  disappcaii,  and  liihei  seeks  ha 
in  vBin.~(l)  He  preienlly  maiirea  hideous  woman  with  large  fortune. 


^ 
» 


OKTOi.i.  357 

burs  m  daughter  wbom  pea^anls  niclciuaie  Diaticona  (because  of  her  great 
ugly  leetb).  When  giils  grow  up,  DiDticona,  epile  of  ber  costly  dresses  and 
jeweU,  look*  always  unattractive,  while  Matiucella  is  lovely  in  her  mean 
atlire.  Stepmother  Is  jealous  of  her,  and  setidi  her  to  mind  cows,  giving  her 
mohair  to  spin.  But  D.  has  beiutiful  line  linen. — (3)  One  day  Elepmother 
sayi,  if  all  the  mohair  is  not  spun  by  evening,  M.  shall  be  beaten  and  sent 
slatving  10  bed.  M.  irceps  over  impossible  taik.  Cow  approaches  and  says, 
"  Take  comfoti,  Mariucella !  I  an)  your  mother  ;  I  am  a  fairy  and  will  ipin 
all  your  mohair.  Come  and  let  me  wash  you  in  the  fountain."  The  cow 
vBshei  the  girl  and  combs  her  golden  hair  ;  then,  hAviog  spun  the  mohair, 
embraces  her,  and  bids  her  tell  no  otie  what  hai  happened.— (4)  Next  day 
stepmother  giTes  her  twice  the  quantity  to  spin,  so  that  there  is  not  time  for 
her  to  be  washed ;  but  cow  has  spun  it  all  by  eveniog. — (5)  Next  morning 
tlepauilher  follows  to  spy,  sees  cow  spinning,  and  returns  home  exultanL 
Cow  also  has  seen  alepmother,  and  begins  to  weep,  and  tells  daughter  what 
she  must  do.  When  washing  cow's  entrails  she  will  find  three  a|>ples ;  she 
must  eat  llie  Rrsl,  throw  the  second  on  the  roof  of  the  house,  and  put  the 
third  in  garden.  Stepsister  will  be  jealous  to  sec  her  eating  :  she  must  sty  it 
IS  cutt-dosg.  Heroine  goes  borne  very  sad.  Stepmother  scolds  her,  and  says 
sbc  is  going  to  kill  cow, — (6)  On  the  morrow  sbe  does  so,  and  htrolnc  is  sent 
to  wash  CDlimls.  On  the  way  she  sings  so  plaintively  thit  king's  son,  passing 
and  beating,  falls  deep  in  love  with  her.  fie  woos  her  ;  she  says  he  must  ask 
her  from  her  parenli.  In  a  few  days  be  will  send  ambassadors  to  fetch  her. 
They  pan.  Heioinc  reaches  fountain  and  doa  as  mother  bade  her,  She 
a  eating  one  of  the  applet,  when  stepsister,  who  has  followed  her,  asks  what 
she  is  eating.  Heroine  olTets  her  some  dung,  fills  her  mouth  with  it,  and  sbe 
runt  away  crying. —  (7)  Heroine  tetutni  home,  throws  an  apple  on  roof,  and 
immediately  a  splendid  cock  with  large  wings  comes  out  of  it.  From  ibird 
apple  grows  fine  apple-tiec  covered  with  fruir.  When  anyone  except  heiuine 
approaches  tree  it  turns  into  a  bramble. — (S)  King's  ambassadors  come  lo 
fetch  MahuceUa,  whom  stepmother  promptly  hides  in  cask.  Sbcdresicsup 
Dinticona  and  pioenls  her.  Ambassadors  marvel  at  their  master's  lasted 
But  cock  on  mat  crows,  "  Couquiacou,  couquiacou  I  Marincella  is  under  the 
task  I  it  is  Dinticona  on  the  line  horse.''  Stepmother  tries  in  vain  to  silence 
cock.  Ambassadors  at  lost  go  and  stave  in  all  the  casks,  and  find  heroine  in 
one  of  Ihem,  clod  in  blue  silk  dress  trimmed  with  gold  threads. — (9)  Kutions 
•I  Ibe  deception,  ambassadors  throw  Dinticona  on  to  «  heap  of  wood  near. 
—  {to)  King's  son  monies  heroine,  and  wedding  lasts  ibiny  dayi. 


/*/(f.,  pp.  8S-108.    No.  XIV.    (Nanaied  in  1881  by  Marie  Ortoli    350'i 
of  Olmiccia-dJ-Tallano.) 

•'  DiTU  MioNiULELLu"  (Uiile  Finger). 

(I)  Woman  longi  for  a  child,  if  only  the  sira  of  her  little  linger.     A  voice 
from  Ihe  roof  pramisei  she  shall  bave  her  wish.     Child  it  called  Dita  Uifi> 


338  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

niulelln  ;  at  ber  biith  furies  begirt  bet  wilh  beauly  ;  mi  exquiiite  void 
a  third  sajrs,  since  sbe  muil  ipeak  before  singing,  she  ^all  speak  Trom  that 
moment.  D.  M.  t1iuik&  fairies,  Anolber  fairy  piomiEes  lo  a.id  bet  whenever 
che  eliall  call  for  her.  Mother  is  pleased  with  talking -baby  ;  only  regrets  ihal 
she  did  not  a-'k  fairies  lo  make  bet  grow.— (1)  When  she  is  sixteen  yean  old, 
and  siill  50  tiny,  mother  begins  to  hale  the  sight  of  her,  and  one  day  when  in 
garden  puts  ber  under  a  Rower-pot.  After  a  time  D.  M.  begins  to  sing,  and 
king's  son,  passing  by,  says,  whoever  it  is  singing  he  will  marry  her. 

"1  am  the  maiden 
A-singing,  a-singing. 


la 


\  the  maiden 


Who  sings  all  the  da^. 
My  mother,  so  cruel. 
Has  thrown  me  in  here.' 


Where  can  she  be  t 

••  She  is  here  at  Ihy  feet, 
The  beautiful  maiden."     i/itfea/.) 

"There  is  nothing  but  this  honid  Hawer-pol,"  says  the  prince,  breaking  It  I 
with  a  kick.     D.  M.  comes  out,  and  sings  again  to  convince  prince.* 
"  Yes,  I  am 

The  lovely  maiden,     (AV/m/.) 

Who  was  singing 

In  the  nower-pot."  {/i/fval.) 
D.  M.  tells  ber  name,  and  king's  son  puts  her  in  his  pocket,  promising  tc 
marry  her.  On  the  way  she  calls  out  that  she  is  being  sullbcaled.  He  placet 
her  on  bis  hand.  She  is  presented  to  his  mother  as  his  future  wife.  MoUm 
calls  her  a  doll.  Prince  does  not  care  much  for  her,  but  will  keep  her,  oi  she 
does  not  take  up  much  room.  He  grows  worried  at  her  small  size  ;  girea 
three  days' ball  to  divert  his  mind. — (.^|  He  prepares  to  attend  ball,  and 
n.  M.  seeks  him,  asking  10  be  taken.  He  relnses,  and  at  length  hits  her  iritli 
the  bridle.  D.  M,  returns  weeping.  Fairy  appears,  and  with  magic  wand 
transforni^  bet  to  tall,  graceful  girl  clad  in  silk  and  gold.  She  is  taken  to  ball 
in  carriage  drawn  by  butterflies.  If  she  wants  fairy  she  is  lo  clap  her  hands 
three  times,  ond  she  can  become  small  again  in  a  moment  by  expretiing  the 
wish.  Piince  falls  in  love  with  her,  and  asks  whence  she  comet.  "  Frtini 
the  Kingdom  of  Bridle."  Sbe  accepts  dance  with  him,  and  in  the  middle  of 
it  thinks  she  would  like  to  become  D.  M.  again,  and  disappears  amongst  the 
crowd  of  dancers,  Astonished  prince  searches  in  vain.  Heroine  goes  to  her 
room  and  undiesies.  When  piince  returns  be  is  worried  by  hei  queations,  and 
bids  her  rather  hunt  up  all  books  at  hand  to  lind  Kingdom  of  Bridle.  She 
fetches  prince's  mother,  who  comes  laden  with  books,  which  prince  searches  in 
vain.— {4)  Next  day  D.  M.  uki  lo  be  taken  to  ball,  and  prbce  pushes  her 


ORTOLI.— PEDROSO.  jj^ 

Vidihisipar  ind  knocks  her  down  Uoxa  the  jliniip.  She  snmmans  fury,  who 
equips  her  for  the  b»U.  TelU  prince  she  comes  from  "  Kingdom  of  Spur". 
He  would  uk  hec  in  miiriiife,  and  gives  her  ring  as  souvenir.  She  sayi  she 
ibought  him  already  moirted.  He  confesses  his  engagement  to  D.  M.,  whom 
he  does  not  wish  to  forsake  because  o(  her  lovely  singing ;  but  she  will  be 
bit  bvoohle  wife,  and  D.  M.  caii  amuse  them  occasionally.  Heroine  tmu. 
forau  henelf  and  leaves  him.  King's  son  again  seaichcs  for  kingdom. — (5) 
At  third  ball  loldiers  are  stationed  lo  guard  doors.  D.  M.  is  sinick  with 
whip.  Faiiy  dresses  her  in  blue  with  collar  of  diamonds  and  waistband  of 
gold.  She  disappears  fiom  piince  as  before.  Soldiers  are  questioned,  but 
DC  one  has  seen  her  leave.— (6)  Piince  falls  ill,  and  will  neither  eat  nor 
drink,  D.  M.  begs  to  be  allowed  to  make  bim  a  cake,  and  then  she  will 
help  him  End  his  lost  lady-love.  Prince  drives  her  away,  wondering  how  she 
has  Icunt  what  only  fairies  can  know.— (7)  He  need  only  promise  lo  eat  cake. 
D.  M.  puts  ring  inside  ;  prince  recognises  it,  colls  mother,  and  rejoices, 
■■>ing  the  tody  must  be  in  the  palace.  Meanwhile  D.  M.,  transformed  and 
beautiful,  presents  herself  before  prince,  who  begs  her  10  leave  him  no  more, 
declaring  his  love  for  her.  Bui  she  says  he  has  often  repulsed  her,  even 
struck  her,  and  tells  the  occasions.  "  Then  you  are  D.  M.  !  .  .  .  And  you 
singuwellatever?"— (S)  They  are  married. 


I 


CoNsiGLiKRi  Pedroso,  Portugese  Folk-tala.     Translaied  from    184 
the  original  MS.  by  Miss  Henriqueta  Monteiro.      (F.-L.  Soc.) 
London,  1882.     Story  No.  XVI.     Pp.  66-72. 

"Tnt  Princess  who  would  not  marrv  her  Father." 

(0  Dying  queen  bids  king  marry  whomsoever  her  ring  will  fit.  Heroine 
puts  on  ring,  and  faiher  says  he  must  marry  her. — (3)  She  shuts  herself  in 
her  room  and  weeps,  Uld  woman  comes  to  window  and  bids  her  ask  father 
lor  dress  like  the  ttan,  which  he  supplies  ;  for  dress  like  flowers  of  the 
field,  which  is  also  granted  ;  for  robe  of  various  colours,  which  is  like- 
wise given  ;  next,  to  send  for  carpenter  and  order  dress  of  wood,  get  inside 
this,  and  go  to  palace,  where  king  is  requiring  servant  to  tend  ducki. 
Heroine  does  all  these  things,  pulling  jewels  and  dresses  inside  wooden  dresi. 
— (3)  Takes  service  under  name  of  Maria  do  Pau.  Goes  lo  field  with  ducks, 
do9s  wooden  diess,  washes  herself,  and  dont  drcs*  like  stsjs.  King,  walking 
in  garden,  espies  lovely  maiden,  who  sings  : 
"  Ducks  here,  ducks  there. 

The  daughter  of  a  king  tends  the  ducki, 

A  thing  never  seen  before." 
After  ihis  she  kills  a  duck,  doETs  ilar-dresi,  and  dons  di^iuse.     At  night  she 
tell*  king  she  has  killed  duck.     King  asks  her  who  was  the  lovely  maid  who 
minded  ducks.     She  says  there  was  no  one  there  but  herself.    Next  day  she 
BCU  as  before,  this  rime  wearing  wild-flower  dress,  and  the  third  day  wearing 


J4CI  CINDERELLjt 

robe  of  many  colours.  In  the  evening  king  tells  her  she  may 
ducks,  as  one  h  killed  every  day.  She  is  to  be  loclced  up.  King  will  give  a 
three  days'  feast,  which  she  may  not  attend.  She  begs  to  go,  and  king  sends 
foi  her  and  iuks  what  dress  she  would  like  to  wear. — (4)  She  replies  by  ask- 
ing for  pair  of  boots;  ibese  king  throws  at  her,  and  departs  to  feast. — (5) 
Keioine  draws  from  woodea  dress  fairy  wand  which  old  woman  gave,  and  by 
its  means  drives  to  feast  in  king's  own  carriage,  clad  in  siar-dress.  King 
admires  her,  and  bidi  guards  prevent  her  passing.  She  throws  bag  of  money 
to  guards,  who  let  her  through,  asking  whence  she  come).  She  replies, 
"From  land  of  the  Bool."  King  relums,  and,  finding  Maria  do  Pan  at 
palace,  ask;  where  land  of  the  boot  is.  She  evades  reply.  King  goes  to 
feasi  next  day,  having  hrsl  thrown  towel  at  heroine  for  asking  to  go  loa  — 
(6)  Heroine  attends  feast  as  before,  clad  in  second  dress;  tells  guard  (he 
comes  from  land  of  the  Towel.  King  returns,  and  asks  Maria  do  Pau  where  it 
land  of  the  towel,  and,  when  leaving  third  day  for  feast,  strikes  bet  with 
walking-stick. — <7)  Meroine  attends  feast  in  third  dress,  escapes  u  before, 
leUint;  guards  she  comes  from  land  of  the  Walking-stick.  King  questions  her 
on  his  relum  as  to  where  this  land  is.— (S)  Heroine  goes  to  her  mom  lo  wiah 
and  deck  herself  in  star.dress  ;  king  looks  through  keyhole ;  sees  same  lovely 
maid  who  was  at  bail,  sitting  doing  embroidery.  Heroine  dons  disguise  to 
Bitend  dinner-table;  king  says  she  must  embroider  him  pair  of  shoes.  She 
pretends  she  cannot,  but  every  day  he  begs  for  them.  King  bas  key  made  to 
open  heroine's  room,  and  one  day,  when  be  sees  her  through  keyhole,  lobed 
in  her  best,  he  suddenly  opens  door  and  enters  unperceived.  — (9)  Heroine  U 
frightened,  and  tries  lo  escape  ;  king  says  he  will  marry  her.  She  relates  her 
past  history,  and  king  sends  for  old  woman  who  gave  wand,  wishing  her 
to  live  al  palace.     This  she  will  not  do,  being  a  fairy. 


I.     No.  XVIII,  pp,  75.79. 

"The  Hearth  Cat." 


(:)  Widowed  schoobniatress  with  one  daughter  seeks  to  many  fat 
pretty  pupil,  to  whom  she  promises  porridge  and  honey  if  she  pennndes 
father  into  marriage.  Father  orders  boots  of  iron,  and  says  he  will  only 
marry  schoolmistress  when  these  are  rusty  with  age.  Heroine  tells  school- 
mistress,  who  bids  her  wet  boots  daily.  Boots  fall  lo  pieces,  and  hlhet 
marries  schoolmistress. — (3)  Heroine  is  kindly  treated  in  father's  presence; 
when  he  is  absent  stepmother  ill-treats  her,  and  sends  her  to  graze  eow. 
Givct  her  loaf,  which  she  must  bring  back  whole,  and  pot  of  water,  which 
she  must  bring  back  full.  One  day  stepmother  says  she  must  wind  skein*  of 
thread  till  evening.  Cow  comforts  hei;  bids  her  fix  skein  on  her  boms  and 
unravel  the  thread.  Cow  lakes  all  crumb  of  loaf  out  by  making  (mall 
hole  with  its  horn,  then  stops  up  aperture  and  gives  loaf  entire. — (3)  Ste|>. 
mother  is  angry  10  hnd  task  completed,  and,  suspecting  cow's  aid,  orden  it 
10  be  killed,  and  says  heroine  must  wash  entrails.     Cow  comforts  hcf  an4 


hing  her   ^^^B 


I 


k 


PEDROSa 

bid*  her  mve  whaleret  comet  out  of  tntrail.^  Heroine  aeef  bill  of  gold  bU 
Into  w«ler,  geti  into  taalc  to  search  Tor  it,  and  there  teei  hou»e  with  e*cry- 
thing  in  diiorder.  She  bfgim  lo  wl  it  »i™ight,  when,  hearing  roouiepi,  ihe 
hirlet  behind  door.  Fairies  enter,  and  look  aboot.  Dog,  who  came  io  with 
them,  uy«,  "  Bow,  wow,  behind  door  hidej  somebody  who  has  done  at 
good."  Fairies  tind  heroine,  and  endow  hei  with  gift  of  beaiiiy.  Another 
biry  casti  spell,  so  ihat  pearli  and  gold  shall  drop  Irom  heroine's  lips. 
Third  fairy  blesses  her  with  happines*,  and  gives  wrand  to  grant  every  wiih. 
Heroine  Tetnmi  home.  Siepmoiher  atks  where  she  has  been,  and  heroine 
relatei  the  contrary  of  what  she  has  seen,  aa  directed  to  do  by  (allies — that 
she  had  foand  tidy  house,  which  she  had  tried  lo  make  untidy,  etc— (4) 
Stepmother  sends  own  daughter  to  act  similarly.  She  makes  house  untidy ; 
hides  behind  door.  Fairies  enter,  and  dog  says,  "  Behind  door  is  one  who 
will  harm  us."  First  fairy  endows  stepsister  with  extreme  Dgllncis.  Second 
bewitches  her,  so  that  filih  ibBll  fall  Irom  bet  mourh.  Third  says  she  shall 
be  poorest  maiden  in  existence.  She  returns  home.  Stepmother  is  enraged ; 
orders  "  Hearth-Cat"  10  stay  in  kitchen. — {$)  One  day  stepmother  and  siep- 
sisler  go  to  races.  Heroine  asks  wand  for  handsome  clothes,  and  goes  too, 
and  slays  in  front  of  royal  stand.  Stepsister  recognises  her,  and  proclaims 
aloud  that  beautiful  maiden  is  their  hearth-cai.  Stepmother  quiets  her,  and 
denies  it.  King  blls  in  love  with  heroine.  She  goes  home  before  olhers, 
says  she  has  not  been  out,  and  shows  smutty  face.— (6)  Next  day  the  geta 
more  iplendid  dresses  for  races,  and  drives  home  before  anyone  else.  King 
■ees  her  again. — (7)  Third  day  she  wears  different  dress  and  shoes.  King  ia 
disappointed  Ihat  <he  leaves  ao  soon,  and  picks  up  shoe,  which  she  drops  in  * 
her  haste.  Shoe  has  written  on  it  ihnt  it  will  only  fit  its  ovmer.  King  falls 
lore-sick.  Search  is  made  for  owner  of  shoe.  Stepmother  and  stepsister 
both  try  in  vain.  King  orders  Heanh-Cal  10  be  brought,  and  in&isis  on  her 
trying  shoe,  which  fits, — (8f  They  are  married,  and  stepmother  and  step- 
sister are  put  to  death. 


/fiiJ.      No,  XXIV,  pp.  97.100. 
"The  Maiden  and  the  Fish." 

10  A  widower  has  three  daughters.  The  elder  are  vain  and  idle,  and  the 
youngest  manages  hontehold  and  assists  servants  in  kitchen.  She  is  nick- 
named "  Hearth-Cat." — (3)  Father  catches  fish,  whirh  he  brings  home  alive, 
and  give!  It  heroine  to  cook.  She  admires  yellow  colour  of  hsh,  and  aski 
leave  to  keep  it  in  water.  Sisien  are  annoyed.  Heroine  keeps  lish  in  her 
bedroom,  and  at  night  it  brg<  her  to  'hrow  it  in  welL  At  last  she  dor* 
so.  Walking  in  garden  neil  day,  she  looks  for  it,  and  hears  voice  calling, 
*'  Halden,  come  into  well."  She  rtmi  away  frightened  ;  but  neat  day,  when 
sisters  have  gone  10  festival,  ihe  goes  to  well,  and  is  persuaded  to  enter.  Fuh 
lakes  her  haod  and  conducts  her  to  palace  of  gold  and  precious  stones  at 
bottom  of  welL     Bids  her  enter  chamber  and  don  lovely  dreas  and  gold 


I 

I 

4 


342 


ClNDEttELLA   VARIANT?. 


^hots,  for  he  will  send  her  in  sUte  c«rri»ge  to  festivit],  where  sisters  are. 
She  most  be  sure  and  leave  before  Ihem,  and  return  ctothei  to  well.  She  is 
much  admired  at  festival,  but  in  her  haste  to  leave  drops  shoe.  King  pick*  il 
up,  and  protlairas  Ihat  he  will  wed  whomsoever  it  Ett.  Heroine  lakes  drenu 
to  well,  and  fi&h  bids  her  come  again  same  evening.  She  is  busy  in  kitchen 
when  sisien  return  and  ie!i  her  of  kirg's  proclamation.  They  repair  to  palace 
to  Iry  ihoe,  and  heroine  goes  to  well. — (4)  Fish  asfci  her  to  marry  him.  She 
replies  she  cannot  many  a  fish ;  but  he  urges  her  till  she  consents.  Insluill; 
dsii  is  tranEfonned  into  man,  who  tells  her  he  ic  an  enchanted  prince,  god  of 
the  king  who  found  shoe.  He  bids  her  go  to  paiace  and  put  it  on,  then 
inform  king,  when  he  withes  to  marry  her,  Ihat  she  is  uheady  engaged  to  hit 
son,  the  enchanted  prince.  Sisters  return  very  downcast,  because  they  cannot 
wear  shoe.  Heroine  says  she  is  going  to  try,  and  they  mock  her.  Sentinels  at 
palace  will  not  let  shabby  heroine  pass  till  king,  who  sees  her  from  window, 
orders  them.  Shoe  slips  on  heroine's  foot,  and  king  would  marry  her,  but 
hears  of  her  engagement  to  prince,  and  rejoices.  He  sends  grand  retii 
fetch  him  to  palace.  Prince  marries  heroine.  Sisters  are  very  jealou^  and  | 
are  punished  in  having  filth  come  from  their  mouths. 


PERRAULT,  Conies  du  Temps  possi.     (1697.) 

"CENnRILLOV." 

(i)  Widower  with  one  daughter,  good  and  amiable,  marries  widow  with  I 
daughters,  proud  and  ill-tempered  like  herself.  Stepmother,  jealous  of  be 
tiful  stepdaughter,  makes  her  do  all  rough  work  and  sleep  in  garret,  whilst 
own  daughters  live  luxariously.  Stepdaughter  makes  no  complaint,  and  after 
work  sits  in  chimney  .comer  amongst  the  ashes  1  hence  is  generally  called 
Cucendron,  but  by  younger  stepsister,  who  is  less  cruel  to  her,  Cendrillon. — 
[i)  King's  son  gives  ball,  and  invites  stepsisters.  Cendrillon  helps  them  drew 
whilst  Ihey  tease  her,  asking  if  sh«  would  not  like  to  go  too.  When  Kbej 
have  started,  Cendrillon's  faiiy- god  mother  appears,  finds  her  crying,  and  says 
she  shall  go  to  ball.  Sends  her  to  garden  to  get  pumpkin,  hollows  it  out, 
and,  striking  it  with  wand,  changes  it  into  beautiful  gilded  coach.  Finds  moose- 
trap  with  six  live  mice,  which  she  transforms  to  splendid  horses.  Ceadiillon 
suggests  a  rat  for  coachman  ;  finds  three  in  trap,  and,  selecting  one  with  fine 
beard,  godmother  transforms  it.  Sends  Cendrillon  to  find  six  lizards  bdliod 
watering-pot,  and  changes  them  to  footmen,  who  get  up  twhind  chariot. 
Transforms  Cendrillon's  rags  to  splendid  robe  of  gold  and  silver  trimmed 
with  jewels,  gives  her  pair  of  glass  slippers,  and  starts  her  to  ball,  with  warninf 
to  leave  before  midnight,  when  chariot,  horses,  footmen,  all  will  resume  origitisl 
forms,  and  her  finery  become  rags.  Cendrillon  promises  to  obey  injutKtion. 
Prince,  informed  of  arrival  of  unknown  grand  princess,  hastens  to  receive  her. 
Dancing  ceases,  music  stops  as  she  enters  ballroom  ;  her  beauty  amaiet  alL 
Prince  dances  with  her  and  gives  her  fmit ;  she  sits  by  stepsisters,  and  shares 
il  with  them.     Meanwhile  a  quarler-to-twvlve  striken  ;  iDendrillon  bows  to 


dfta 


i 


compMijr  and  £Mppe&n.  Rdunu  to  thank  godmother,  snd  uks  [o  go  oext 
d>7.  BS  prince  had  begged  her.  Stepsisters  return  ;  Cendrillon  opeiu  door  to 
ibem,  feigning  ileepineas.  They  tell  her  of  beautifal  princess,  so  gmcious  lo 
them,  ind  whose  nunc  prince  is  so  eager  to  discover. — (3)  They  go  next  dnjr 
to  ball;  Cendrillon  appears  in  even  grealer  splendour.  In  princc't  company 
ifae  forgets  godmoihci's  injunction  tilt  tint  stroke  of  midnight  sounds,  when 
the  tushct  oif,  and  prince  cannot  overtake  her.  She  dropi  a  gloss  iboCi 
which  he  picks  up.  Cendrillon  reaches  home  brealbless,  wilhoul  chariot  or 
footmen,  and  clad  in  rags,  only  retaining  one  glass  shoe.  Palace  guards  are 
queslioncd  about  departure  of  princess,  but  have  seen  no  one  save  poor,  ill- 
clad  girl.  Stepiisten  return  ;  Cendrillon  asks  about  princess,  and  hears  of 
pHnce's  love  for  her,  and  his  treaiuring  of  glass  slipper. — (4)  Prince  proclaims 
that  he  will  marry  whomsoever  it  will  Lt.  Princesses,  duchesses,  all  Ihe 
court  ti7  it  in  vain.  Stepsisters  cannot  succeed.  Watching  them,  Cendrillon 
asks  to  be  allowed  a  trial,  but  the/  mock  at  her.  GenCleman-in- waiting 
having  charge  of  shoe  tnda  CendtilloD  sit  down,  and  slips  it  on  her  fboL 
Sbe  draws  fellow.slipper  from  pocket,  and  puts  it  on.  Godmother  appeais 
and  transforms  her  clothes,  when  stepsisters,  recognisiug  tbe  beauty  of  (he 
bail,  fall  at  her  feet  uid  ask  pardon  for  itl-treatment.— (5)  Cendrillon  forgives 
them  i  is  conducted  to  prince,  whom  she  wed*  ;  takes  stepsisters  to  live  at 
palace,  and  finds  them  liusbands. 


I 


/h'd.    (First  pritited  in 


Moetjen's  Recveit,  i 
Ptrravlt,  xxi.) 

"  Peau  d'Ane." 


1694.      Vide  Lang's    185 


I 


(I)  Queen  exacts  promise  on  hrr  death-bed  from  devoted  hluband  that  he 
will  never  marry  again,  except  he  finds  a  woman  more  beautiliil  than  herself. 
Motuning  over,  search  is  made  for  fitting  bride.  King  discovers  that  only  his 
daughter  is  more  beautiful  than  her  mother. — -(l)  Princess,  dismayed  at 
lather's  intention  to  marry  her,  seeks  aid  of  biry-god mother,  who  lives  in  a 
grotto  of  pearl  and  coral.  She  bids  princess  ask  first  of  her  father  a  robe  of 
Iteriki  hue,  for  such  he  can  surety  not  lumish.  Father  bears  request,  and 
Ihieateni  tailors  if  they  do  not  provide  dress  at  once.  Next  day  an  azure  robe 
U  produced.  Princess  sees  no  way  of  evading  compact.  Fairy,  god  mother 
btdl  her  ask  for  robe  of  colonr  of  Ihe  moon.  King  commands  for  such  lo  be 
made,  and  within  appointed  time  it  is  produced.  Prompted  by  godmother, 
princess  now  demands  dress  tike  the  sun.  A  robe  of  gold  and  diamonds  is 
supplied. — (3I  (lodmother  bids  her  crave  skin  of  ass,  which  produces  gold,' 
and  is  source  of  all  their  wealth.  Even  this  is  not  denied,  and  princcxs  must 
take  to  Oighl  as  only  resource. — (4)  Godmother  gives  casket  in  which  lo  pat 
dresses,  jewels,  and  mirror  ;  gives  also  wand,  princcsa  having  which  in  hand, 
cuket  hidden  beneath  ground  will  always  accompany  her,  and  will  appear 


344  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS, 

wh«n  ground  is  struck  with  it.  Dii^ised  in  us's  tkin,  with  tier  soiled, 
(itincess  escapes,  and  is  soaght  for  in  vain.  She  tries  to  lake  service,  but  no 
one  will  hire  her.— (5)  At  last  reaches  farm-house,  where  farmer's  wife 
engages  her  to  clean  pig-(roughs.  She  is  put  in  kitchen -corner,  and  mocked 
at  by  other  servants.  Having  leisure  on  Sunday,  she  shuts  herself  in  her 
hovel,  washes  and  arrays  benelf  before  mirror  in  dresses  from  casket  Prince 
lo  whom  farm  belongs  rests  there  after  hunting,  and,  cbancing  la  pas*  hoTcU 
looks  through  key-hole  and  sees  Peau  d'Ane  in  dress  like  the  snn.  Is  en- 
npliired.  Has  not  courage  to  force  door.  Returns  to  palace,  forsakes  his 
pleasures,  and  falls  ill  with  love  of  apparition.  Inquires  who  lives  in  hovel ; 
learns  it  is  Peau  d'Ane. — (Gl  Qiieen'mother  tries  vainly  to  discover  cause  of 
his  despondency.  Prince  wiit  not  reply  ;  only  craves  cake  made  by  the  hand 
of  Peau  d'Ane.  She  shuts  herself  in  hovel,  cleans  herself,  and  mixes  cake, 
dropping  in  one  of  her  rings.  Prince  enjoyi  cake,  and  hides  ring  under 
pillow.  — (7)  Doctors  counsel  him  lo  marry  ;  he  consents,  provided  Ihey  find 
damsel  whom  ring  will  fit.  t!irls  of  all  ranks  try  to  gel  it  on  :  vai 
are  employed  to  make  finger  ^tnall  enough  ;  none  sacceedi.  When  all  have 
essayed  encept  Peau  d'Ane,  piince  sends  for  her.  King  fits  her.  She  begs 
leave  10  dress  herself,  then  appears  before  king  and  courl  in  Splendid  apparet- 
(8)  Piince  weds  her ;  all  neighbouring  kings  attend  ceremonf,  among  them 
princess's  father,  now  repentant,  who  recognises  her  with  joy.  Faiiy-god> 
mother  appears  and  explains  all. 


I 


Leon  Pineau,  £«  Conies  populairts  du  Poitou.     Paris,  181 
No.  III.     Pp.  99-109. 

"  Le  Bouc  Blanc." 
[This  story  closely  resembles  No.  191,  q.  p.] 


,1  Ibid.      No.  V,  pp,  117-37. 

"La  Cendroiise." 

(ll  Wealthy  paretils  have  Ihree  daughters  j  ihe  two  elder  baughly,  and  the 
youngest  despised.  She  stays  always  by  Ihe  fire,  andii  nicknamed  Cinderella. 
Elder  sitters,  going  for  a  walk,  ask  if  heroine  will  not  accompany  Ihem.  She 
declines.— (l)  Father,  starting  10  a  distant  hir,  asks  what  gifts  he  shall  bring 
daughters.  Eldest  chaoses  a  lovely  gown  ;  (he  second,  the  same.  VoungMt 
iska  for  a  nut,  and  is  reproved  for  greediness,  in  preferring  somelhing  to  cat 
lo  ft  dress.  Father  returns  with  ihe  giltt.— [3!  Next  Sunday  s-iilen  go  in 
their  fine  dresses  lo  church,  regretting  that  heroine  will  not  go  t(K>.  Wlicn 
they  hare  started,  heroine  opens  her  nut,  gels  a  grand  carriage  with  horces  and 


PINBAC. — PTO. — PITBE,  345 

coai^nut,  and  clothei  fKtmorebefttitifuilhBDhtrsisIers'.  She  goes  tochurch. 
Ail  wonder  whose  Ihe  carriage  ».  She  leaves  quickly  nFier  service.  Siilert 
relam,  and  talk  about  lovely  stranger.  Heroine  remarks,  "  She  can'l  be 
more  beautiral  Iban  I  am,"  and  they  wonder  at  her. — (4)  Next  Sunday  litten 
eaanol  induce  her  lo  go  to  church  with  them  ;  but  ail  happens  ai  before.  In 
getting  into  her  carrUge,  after  Ihe  service,  heroine  drops  one  of  her  ihoei. — 
(5)  King's  am  piclu  it  up,  unpcrceived.  He  will  wed  whomsoever  it  6tt. 
Pnaceuei  and  all  try  in  vain.— <61  Shoe  it  to  be  tried  again  next  Sunday, 
and  heroine  goet,  all  unadorned  and  smutty,  to  the  test.  Shoe  fits  her  atone. 
All  concerned  that  prince  mutt  wed  her.  She  opens  her  nut,  dons  her  line 
dothei,  and  drives  off  in  her  carriage  with  the  prince. 


Pio,  NtotWifvira  Uapaiii'0-ii,  Conies  populaires  Grecs,  publics 
d'apres  les  tnanusctit?  du  Dr,  J.  G.  de  Hahn,  et  antiotis  par 
Jean  Pio.     Copeiihague,  1S79.     No.  II,  pp.  6-9. 

(See  No.  50.) 


PiTRE,  Fiahe,  Nffi'tlk  e  Racconii popolari  Sidliani  {Bihl.  delle  trad.  315^ 
pop.  Sic,  vol.  iv).     Palermo,  1875.     Pp.  83-88,     No.  X.     (Nar- 
rated by  Etisabetta  Sanfratello,  sen-ant  lo  Sig,  Giuseppe  Gugino 
of  Vatlelunga.) 

"  L'ACQU.\  E  LU  Sali." 

(1)  King  bu  three  daughters.  One  day,  when  at  table,  king  asks 
how  much  they  love  him.  Eldest  say^  '*  As  much  as  my  eyes."  Second 
says,  "As  much  as  my  heart."  Youngest  says,  "As  ranch  as  water  and  salt"; 
and  king  calls  for  executioners  to  bive  her  killed  immediately. — (2)  But  elder 
sisters  tell  ihem  lo  kill  the  little  dog  they  give  them,  tear  one  of  heroine'a 
garments,  and  leave  her  in  a  cave.  Eneculionelt  obey,  and  bring  back  to 
king  Ihe  dog's  tongue  and  the  rent  garment,  and  receive  reward. — (3]  Heroine 
is  discovered  in  forest  by  magician,  and  taken  to  his  house  opposite  royal 
palace.  King's  son  aces  her,  falls  in  love  with  her,  and  arranges  match. — 
(4)  Magician  says,  "  Kill  me  the  day  before  the  wedding  ;  invite  three  kings, 
your  father  the  first ;  order  servant  to  pass  water  and  salt  to  all  the  guests 
except  your  father."  Meanwhile,  kingbas  been  pining  with  grief  for  daughter, 
is  diitnclincd  to  accept  invitation,  but,  fearing  to  offend  other  king,  who  may 
declare  war  against  him,  he  goes  to  wedding.  The  day  before  wedding  they 
kill  magician,  quarter  him,  and  pul  a  quarler  in  each  of  fiiur  rooms,  and 
sprinkle  hii  blood  in  all  Ibe  rooms  and  on  the  stairs.     The  blood  and  fiesb 


'  For  afaalraet  of  this  story,  and  of  the  wiantt  which  follow,  see  Appendix. 


346  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

become  gold  and  precious  stones.— (5)  When  the  three  kings  a 
hesitate  to  step  on  gold  stairs.  That  evening  king's  son  and  heroini 
ried.  —(6)  The  nent  day  they  have  a  banquet.  Heroine  sits  neit  lo  father ; 
asks  why  he  does  not  eat.  He  says  he  is  not  well.  Piesently  they  begin  tell- 
ing stories,  and  king  tells  lliem  all  about  his  daughter.  Heroine  asks  whether  , 
he  would  slill  recognise  her,  and  goes  and  dons  dress  she  wore  when  u 
killed.     King  embraces  bee,  and  begs  her  pardon. 


'  /dt'd.,  pp.  88-93,     Variants  of  the  above.' 

"  II  Padre  Santo"  (Polizzi-Generosa). 

(l)  Merchanthu  boy  and  girl.  Leaving  home  with  son,  he  confides  daug  ti 
to  holy  father,  who  mlsappropiiates  sum  supplied  (or  her  maintenance,  ai 
shuts  bet  inacellarjiai'i'crrinKo).— (s)  When  father  returns  she  is  accused  of  ei 
practices,  and  he  sends  her  brother  out  with  her  to  stay  her.  Brother  sets  hi 
free  in  the  wood,  slays  a  dog,  and  takes  home  its  blood,  which  father  drinks 
with  ferocity.— (3)  Heroincbelakesbcrsetf  tothe  palace  of  another  holy  father, 
who  befriends  her,  and  makes  her  mistress  of  all  his  belongings.  Beneath  the 
palace  is  a  turkey-cock,  which,  seeing  heroine  evciy  day  more  beautiful,  says: 
"  Lovely  you  ate,  and  more  lovely  you'I]  grow. 
And  the  holy  father  will  eat  you,  1  trow." 

Heroine  tells  holy  father,  who  bids  her  respond  that  she  is  to  be  the  holy 
father's  heir.  Hearing  this,  the  turkey-cock  is  silent. — (4)  Before  celebrating  the 
wedding,  holy  lather  bids  her  invite  her  father  and  brother  and  the  wicked 
holy  father  ;  she  is  to  give  bet  brother  a  crown,  an  apple  and  a  ribbon,  as  to  the 
other  guests ;   10  give  her  father  an  apple  only,  and  nothing  at  all  to  the 
wicked  holy  falhet.     "  On  the  lirst  evening",  adds  the  holy  fatbei,  "  you  most 
throw  me  into  the  furnace  heated  (or  three  nights  and  three  days ;  ■  little  while 
afterwards  you  will  take  out  of  it  three  baskets,  of  crowns,  apples,  and  rib- 
bons."    All   goes   well,   and  when    the    father  wants  his  daughter,  who  is 
unknown  to  him,  lo  enplain  the  diverse  treatment  of  the  guests,  she  tells  hec    1 
own  story  as  (hat  of  another  person,  to  the  grief  of  her  lather,  the  trepidatioil    I 
of  her  brother,  and  the  alarm  of  the  wicked  holy  father. — (5)  When  the  Itulh  if   I 
revealed  the  wicked  holy  father  is  burnt. 


"Il  Re  di  I-sancia"  (Nolo). 

(1)  One  of  the  three  daughters  of  the  King  of  France  dreams  that  she  will  1 
become  tineen,  and  that  seven  kings,  amongst  them  her  father,  will  pay  her  a 
hoffiagc— <i)  Herfather  sends  her  to  be  slain  in  a  wt>Dd,  where,  however,  the  J 


ii  Mt  freek.— <3)  She  te&ches  the  hoiue  of  a  m«eici>n,  who  befriends  her.— 
(4)  A  psmH  on  the  kioE's  balcony  sings  of  her  : 
"  AUJ^ti,  ill^sciti  bona, 
L'omu  ssrvagEhiu  pi  mangiari  t'adde»a." 

By  Ihe  advice  of  the  magician  she  replies  : 

■'  L'oniB  sarvagghia  mi  leni  pi  figghia,  

Di  li  to'  pinni  n'  ha  (an  ud  cuscinu 


"  Lu  CuNTU  Di  LV  Sau"  (Bo^etto). 
[Thii  story  is  very  slightly  different  from  Ihe  above.) — (4)  The  parrot  atigi 
Ic  the  girl : 

"Ah:  tigghia  di  lu  Re,  addocu  si'? 
Lu  Drau  li  pasd  e  li  criwi  eft  tl  voli  manciaie. " 

And  the  dragon  makes  the  girl  reply  : 

"  Lu  Drau  mi  paid  e  mi  criid  ci  mi  voli  maritori, 
A  la  figghia  di  lu  Re  mi  voli  dari." 

— (S)  At  the  wedding-feast  heroine  asks  her  father  why  he  does  not  eat,  and  he 
says  that  the  dishes  are  without  sa]t.  Then  daughter  explains  Ihe  phrase, 
VHluri  tcai  qnanlH  In  sail. 


IMd.,  vol.  i,  p.  366.     Story  No.  XLl.      (Told  at  Nolo  to  Signer      QJlJ 

Mattia  Di  Martin  o.) 

"  La  Pecorella"  (The  Ewe), 
fi)  Heroine  is  ill-treated  by  stepmoihcr,  who  givei  her  work  to  do  daily, 
and  only  lets  her  eat  when  she  has  finished  it.^(a)  Heroine's  father  one  day 
finds  a  little  ewe  in  the  fields,  and  takes  it  home  to  his  daughter,  whom  he 
loves.  The  ewe  seeing  heroine  ill-oied,  comforts  her,  and  bids  hei  pat  her 
work  between  its  horns  and  it  will  be  done  for  her.— (3)  Stepmother  seeing 
work  finished  in  no  time,  watches  and  finds  out  how  it  is  done.  Then  she 
suggests  that  evening  to  father  that  ewe's  throat  shall  be  cut,  for  Carnival  is  at 
hand.  Father  answers  aothing,  but  heroine  goes  weeping  to  tell  ewe,  who 
bids  her  be  comforted,  take  Care  to  eal  none  of  iu  fleih,  but  to  collect  its  bones 
and  bury  them  under  the  floor.— (4)  Heroine  does  as  bidden,  and  a  little  time 
after,  at  the  place  where  bones  ate  buried,  there  issue  twelve  damsels. — (j) 
They  clothe  heroine  all  in  gold,  and  lake  her  to  king's  ball.  King  Imlli  in 
love  with  her,  and  does  not  quit  her  side  all  the  evening.  When  she  leaves,  he 
tuds  his  lernuits  find  out  where  she  lives.   Heroine,  seeing  she  is  followed,  lett 


34^  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

down  her  hair  and  shakes  out  a  shower  of  pearls,  which  servaati  slop  to  pick 
up. — (6)  Next  evening,  king  says  semtnts  must  find  out  where  she  lives  on 
pain  of  death.  This  time  heroine  can  only  throw  off  her  slipper  and  f1;. — 
(7)  Servants  cany  il  to  king,  who  proclaims  thai  he  will  wed  whomBoevo'  it 
ills.  All  women  try  in  vain.— (S)  Slepmothar,  thinking  to  mortify  heroine, 
takes  her  also,  and  is  astounded  to  find  shoe  fits  her  perfectly.  Cbspd-royal 
is  ready,  aud  the  joy  is  great. 


["SQS    fl'i'f.,  vol.  i,  p.  36S.     No.  XLII,     (Told  at  Palermo  by  Agaiuzza 
Messia,  Dr.  PitrS's  nurse.) 

"Grattula-Beddattui^"  (Fair  Date). 

(1)  Merchant  has  three  daughleis,  Rosa,  Joanna,  and  Ninetu.  The 
youngest  is  fairest.  Father  is  troubled  at  having  to  leave  daughters  whiUl 
he  goes  iway  on  business.  Eldest  saggeslsthat  he  should  wall  up  door  during 
his  absence,  leaving  ihem  with  provisions.  A  servant  is  to  take  orders  from 
wbdow. — (il  Father  asks  what  presents  he  shall  bring  them.  Eldest  chooss 
three  dresses  of  different  colours  j  second  says,  "Whatever  you  like"  ;  and 
third,  "1  want  beautiful  branch  of  dates  in  silver  vase ;  if  you  do  not  bring  it, 
may  your  ship  not  move  either  forward  or  backward."'  Sisters  reprove  her  for 
thus  calling  down  cur^e  on  father.  He  excuses  her  because  she  is  young. 
Father  departs  ;  concludes  his  business,  purchases  three  dresses  for  each  «ldet 
daughter,  foigets  branch  of  dales  for  youngest.  Tempest  strikes  him  mid 
oceau  ;  ship  will  not  move.  Merchant  remembers  curse,  and  bids  captain  put 
back.  Storm  ceases,  wind  favours  them.  Merchant  buys  dale-branch  and 
plants  it  in  silver  vase.  After  three  days  he  reaches  home,  has  doors  anwalled 
and  windows  opened;  gives  presents.— (3)  Daring  his  absence  eldest  lister 
drops  thimble  into  well  made  for  their  use ;  youngest  persuades  sisten  to  let 
her  down  to  recover  It  Whibl  withdrawing  hand  from  water,  she  notices  a 
hole  whence  a  light  shines;  raises  comtr.stone,  and  sees  beautiful  garden  fall 
of  flowers  and  fruits  j  goes  in,  and  galhera  several  10  apron  j  returns  to  well, 
and  replaces  comci-stone.  Sisters  draw  her  up,  and  ask  where  she  gol  the 
beautiful  things.  She  wants  to  be  letdown  again  to-morrow.  Garden  belongs 
to  Prince  of  Portugal,  who,  seeing  havoc  done,  censures  gardener.— (4)  NeKt 
day  heroine  worries  sisters  to  let  her  down  again,  and  again  fills  her  apron. 
Prince,  on  the  look-out,  sees  her  flitting  amongst  the  trees,  but  loses  sight  Oi 
her  again.  He  questions  gardener,  who  knows  nothing. — (5)  Next  day  he 
watches  from  his  room.  Heroine  is  filling  apron,  when  the  hears  noise,  looks 
round,  and  sees  prince  coming  after  her.  She  bounds  through  the  hole,  pot* 
back  stone,  and  is  oif.  Prince  has  no  more  peace,  and  falls  ill,  because  the 
maiden  hod  seemed  to  him  a  very  (airy.  No  doctors  can  cure  him.  King 
consults  the  wise  men  and  philosophers.    One  long-beard  says  king  should 


'  In  a  variant,  Cinderella  demandi  a 


%lgiMtnh»JHtMtMtU4e»tve»t  i 


I 


PITRE.  349 

1  U  he  hu  liking  for  any  muden.  Prince  conresxes  ill~(6)  Long- 
beaid  sa.yi  king  must  give  lllree  diTa'  feast  at  palace,  and  proclaim  that  porenli 
of  all  nuiki  shall  biing  their  daughters,  on  penally  of  death.  Merchaal  hears 
proclamation,  and  tells  danghlen.  Elder  girls  are  delighted  ;  youngest  does 
not  want  to  go,  and  persuades  father  to  say  he  has  but  two  daughters.  She 
shuts  heiseU  up  as  usual  with  va^  of  dales,  which  is  her  delight.  When 
liiterx  have  gone  lo  ball  she  says  : 

"  Gtillula-Beddallula, 
Rise  up  and  diess  Nica, 
And  make  her  gayer  than  anyone  tonight." 
Numbers  of  fairies  with  splendid  dioses  and  jewels  come  out  of  vase.     They 
wash  her,  dress  her,  clothe  her  from  head  to  foot  witfi  necklaces,  briUianU,  ftnd 
precious  stones.     They  put   her   in   carriage,  and  she  goes  to  boll.     Prince 
tecogaises  her,  and  tells  king ;  then  lal:eB  her  under  his  arm,  and  asks  her, 
"Lady,  how  are  you?"    "As  in  wmler."     "  How  ate  you  called?"    "By 
my  name."     "Where  do  you  live?"     "In  the  house  with  the  door."     "In 
whalstreet?"     "  In  the  alley  of  the  dirt."     "  How  strange  you  are  !  you  kill 
me!"  "Von  may  burst  [if  you  like]."    They  dance  all  the  evening.     Prince 
diesi  she  does  not,  being  enchanted.    She  sits  near  sistctE.     King  ordera 
Btrvants  to  follow  and  see  where  she  lives.      She  enteis  carriage,  shakes  her 
golden  tiesses,  and  peoils  and  prccions  stones  fall  ouL     Servants  slop  to  pick 
them  up,  and  she  whips  up  the  horses  and  is  borne  in  a  trice.    She  says  : 
"  Ci  altulft-BeddAttulB, 
Strip  Nina, 

And  malie  her  as  she  was  this  evening." 
Sisters  return,  and  siy  there  was  lady  at  ball  just  like  Ninelta ;  but  they  knew 
she  was  at  home.  "Vou  must  come  to-monow,"  tbey  say. — (7)  King  cen- 
soics  servants,  and  bids  them  be  more  careful  next  nighL  Sisters  lease 
Ninetu  lo  go  to  ball  with  ihem,  and  father  says  she  is  going  mad  over  her 
vote.  When  they  have  started,  she  says  same  verse  i  ail  happens  as  before  ; 
prince  asks  same  questions,  gets  some  answers  ;  dances  with  her  all  the  even- 
ing. She  sits  by  lislers  ;  one  remarks  she  is  Ninetta's  image.  When  she 
leaves,  king  accompanies  her,  and  signs  to  servauts.  She  enters  carriage, 
throws  bags  of  money  into  servants'  faces,  injuring  one's  eye,  the  other's  nose. 
King  says  they  must  succeed  belter  next  night.  Heroine  says  same  verae  to 
date.  Same  convenMlion  with  sistcii,— (8)  Third  boll  lakes  place,  and  all 
happena  as  before.  She  dances  with  prince  ;  sits  by  father  and  sisters.  Pre- 
sently king  makes  excuse  to  take  her  nnder  his  arm  to  another  room  for 
refieshmenl,  and  when  alone  with  hei  says  she  has  befooled  him  twice,  and 
(ball  DOE  again.  She  has  been  making  his  son  aasle  away  ;  she  must  many 
bim.  UcrutDi:  uys  she  has  father  and  sisters  there,  and  is  not  free.  King 
sends  for  her  laiber,  who  turns  cold ;  he  is  pardoned  for  not  having  brought 
Ntnetta  to  balls. — [9)  Next  morning  prince  and  heroine  are  married  in  chapel- 


Story  No.  XLIII.     P.  381.     (Told  at. Palermo  by 
Agatuzza  Messia.) 
"Pilusedda"  (Little  Hairy). 

(i)  A  man  and  woman  have  a  verjr  beautiful  daughter.  When  «be  it  fifteen 
yean  old  her  mother  dies  alter  tiatitig  given  a  ring  to  her  hosband,  and  letting 
him  to  marry  whomsoever  it  will  (ii. — (i)  After  k  time  father  *end^  pr^iotals 
of  maniage  to  maor  women  on  condition  that  thej  uy  the  ring,  which,  how* 
ever,  proves  too  large  for  some,  too  imall  for  others.  Father  determine*  to 
wait  awbile,  Eince  none  seqms  fated  lo  wear  Kng. — (3)  One  day,  whilst  tidying 
up,  daughter  finds  ring  in  the  comet  of  a.  chesi  [or  in  the  comer  cupboard], 
pnu  it  on.  and  cannot  get  it  olT  again-  What  shall  she  do  with  her  ftubcr  P 
she  thinks,  ho  she  wraps  a  black  rag  round  that  iintjei,  and  explains  to  father 
that  she  has  been  scratched.  After  a  few  days  father  insists  on  unbinding 
linger,  and  exclaims  she  must  be  his  wife.  — 14)  Heroine  goes  to  an  enchanter 
a  him,  and  at  his  bidding  ii;lls  father  that  she  must  have 
a  wedding-dress  of  the  colour  of  the  sky  embroidered  in  gold  and  precious 
stones,  with  the  sun,  the  moon,  and  all  the  planets.  Father,  wondering  where 
he  can  tind  such,  goes  to  the  moor  and  calls  the  Devil  [here  called  "his 
cook"]  and  consults  him.  "  What  will  yon  give  mc  for  (his  drets?"  "I'll 
give  yon  my  soul."  So  in  half  an  hour  the  dress  is  brought  Heroine,  over- 
whelmed, goes  to  enchanter,  who  bids  her  demand  a  sea-green  dress  with  all 
the  collages  chat  are  in  the  country  [camfiagKa),  She  tells  father  this  dress 
is  required  for  the  civil  contract,  the  other  is  for  the  wedding.  Father  gels  IE 
from  the  Devil,  and  heroine  now  demands  eight  days'  respite.  On  the  eighth 
day  she  goes  to  the  enchanter,  who  bids  her  ask  far  a  dress,  for  the  day  after 
the  wedding,'  of  ihe  colour  of  roses  trimmed  with  four  rows  of  liltle  golden 
bells.  Father  procures  this  from  the  Devil,  then  tells  daughter  that  in  «ght 
I  really  marry  him. — (5)  Heroine  goes  10  enchanter,  who 
says:  "Take  this  walnut,  this  chestnuc,  and  this  filbert,  and  make  vstot 
them  at  your  need.  Now  get  a  horse-skin,  take  out  the  inside  (the  horae'a 
body),  cure  Ihe  skin,  and  sew  yourself  up  in  it,  so  thai  you  look  like  a  horse." 
She  does  so. — (6)  5he  prepares  her  dolhes,  money,  and  rings  and  jewels, 
belonging  to  herself  and  her  father,  and,  the  evening  of  the  wedding,  lelU  bint 
she  vanls  to  have  a  bath  (for  formerly,  before  marrying,  people  used  to  have  a 
bath).  To  make  believe  that  she  is  washing,  she  puts  a  pigeon  in  a  vessel  of 
water  and  ties  another  pigeon  to  its  feet,  so  that  walking  about  outside  it 
drags  the  one  inside,  and  they  flap  and  flutter  and  beat  about  like  ■  person 
washing.  Heroine  meanwhile  gets  into  the  borse-skin,  and  escapes. — (7)  Her 
lather  listens.  He  waits  and  waits ;  she  never  comes  out  of  Ihe  bath.  He 
opens  the  door,  and  finds  nobody.  "  Treachery  1"  be  shouts,  beating  his 
bead  against  the  wall,  and  smashing  it.     Down  comes  the  Devi!  and  ^ea 


'  The  bride  wear*, 
her  ordinary  on«. 


n  the  day  after  the  wedding  only,  a  dilTeienl  dress 


PITRE. 


35 1 


I 


Unf  with  him. — (S)  Heraioe  jounieyi  on,  and  reachei^  a  manor  belonging  to 
the  prince,  where  there  are  all  sorts  of  aniiniU,  In  the  morning  the  serrBilts 
see  thii  curious  horse  walking  with  its  Tordegs  in  the  air,  and  are  about  lo  rip 
it  up  u  the  prince  passes  and  forbids  them.  He  fondtes  it  (and  she  is  pleased), 
and  lakes  it  lo  the  palace,  shuts  it  in  a  room  at  the  foot  of  the  itairs,  and  has 
food  brought  to  it.  He  asks;  "What  aniukal  are  you?''  "I  am  called 
Pilu^edda."  They  spend  every  day  leather,  till  the  priace's  mother  cannot 
toleiale  such  a  thing,— (g)  One  day  Pilmedda  asks  prince  for  a  bit  of  paste, 
that  she  may  make  a  small  loaf ;  and  he  has  it  brought  her.  When  alone,  she 
makes  a  loaf,  and  puts  her  father's  watch  inside  ;  and  when  prince  comes  she 
asks  for  it  to  be  put  in  the  oven.  It  is  put  in  with  the  king's  bread,  all 
of  which  gets  burnt ;  only  Pilusedda's  comes  out  beautiful.  So  ber  tuaf  is 
sent  up  for  the  Itmg,  and  the  bakers  have  nothing  at  a!]  for  Pdosedda.  The 
kii^  6ads  the  watch,  and  wanders.  Next  day  Pdusedda  asks  again  for  paste, 
makes  another  loaf,  putting  in  ber  lathei's  breast-pin,  and  the  prince  sends  it 
to  the  baker's  ahop.  Again  all  the  bread  is  burnt  except  this  loaf,  which  isseni 
to  the  king,  whilst  Pdusedda  gels  the  burnt  biead.  King  linds  the  pin,  and 
wonders  ;  and  Piluiedda  laments.  The  third  day  all  happens  as  before. 
King  finds  in  Pilusedda's  loaf  a  beautiful  ring  with  a  solitary  brilliant ;  then 
he  says,  "This  Pdusedda  cannot  be  an  animal."— (lo)  A  feast  draws  near. 
Prince  asks  Pilosedda  :  "  Would  yoa  like  lo  come  lo  the  chapel-toyal?"  "How 
€aM  I  come  ?"  Prince  departs  ;  she  breaks  the  walnut,  and  sees  fairies  with 
clothes,  jewels,  and  carriages,  She  gels  out  of  skin,  dons  the  lose-colouied 
dress  demanded  for  the  day  after  marriage,  and  drives  with  twelve  footmen  to 
the  chapel-royal.  Prince  sees  her,  and  casts  his  eye  up  (.'  is  fascinated),  and 
troubles  no  more  about  the  chapcl-royal.  He  bids  his  servants  discover  where 
the  lady  lives  and  inform  him.  When,  on  leaving,  she  becomes  aware  o(  the 
prince's  servants,  she  lets  down  her  hair,  whence  fall  pearls  and  diamond:,. 
The  dauted  servants  telum  to  prince  and  say  lady  has  disappeared.  Pilu. 
sedda  goes  to  her  room,  joins  nutshells  together,  and  fairies,  carriages  and  all, 
disappear.  Prince  returns  :  "  Pilusedda !  if  you  had  only  come  !  There 
was  such  a  beautiful  lady  !"  "  What  has  that  lo  do  with  me  ?  I  want  to 
cat." — (it)  A  week  afterwards  prince  tells  Pilusedda  ibere  is  another  cbapcl- 
Toyal.  She  says  it  is  nothing  to  her ;  but  when  he  has  gone  she  opens  Ibe 
chestnut.  Fairies  dress  her  in  the  sea-green  dress,  and  she  goes  lo  the  chapel- 
rof  al.  Prince  fastens  his  eyes  on  hei,  and  tells  servants  they  are  lost  unless 
they  discover  where  she  lives.  She  thioirs  gold  and  silver  to  servanis, 
who  make  eicoses  to  prince  ;  goes  home  and  doses  chestnut,  whereupon  fairiei 
vanish. — (la)  After  some  days  prince  idts  her  of  another  chapelroyaL  She 
replies  as  before  ;  afterwards  opens  filbert,  itnd  birics  dress  her  in  sky- 
Golooied  dresi.  Prince,  on  seeing  her,  tclb  servaais  to  get  his  carriage 
ready.  When  she  drives  off,  be  follows,  and  her  carriage  goea  to  the  paiacc 
She  enters  Ihe  room,  the  prince  with  ber.  Then  he  catches  her,  and  makes 
her  explain  why  she  is  sometimes  a  horse.— (13)  PiiuCe  sends  for  king  and 
qneen,  and  tdts  them  he  wishes  lo  marry  that  bcantifnl  girt,  and  they  »fne 


^^ftle. — Dr.  Pitie  sayg  the  story  goes  under  i 


"  Savaredda" 


352  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 

(Litlle   Catk)   >t    Poliizi-Generosa    and   CetUii ;     "  Tnmtuiedda"    (Little   | 
InventoT)  at  Capac  ;  "Mmesu  di  Ligna"  (CUd  in  wood)  at  Montevi^s 
"Uelta  Piliisa"  (Haiiy  Bertha)  at  Ficarazzi ;  "  Cinniredda"  (Cinderetta)  all 
ora  Sicily.] 


Hid.,  vol.  i,  p.  388.  Variant  of  No.  XLIII.  (Told  ai  Capad. 
A  mere  abstract  of  the  points  in  which  it  differs  from  "  Pilu— ] 
sedda"  or  one  of  the  other  tales.) 

"  Truvaturedda"  (Trovatorella). 
(1)  Tiuvatmedda  preseuu  herself  in  a  iree-lnmk  to  tbc  king,  and  sayi  she 
is  onlf  good  at  two  thiogs — feeling  hens  to  ascertain  whether  they  are  likely 
to  lay,  and  preparing  their  food.  — (l)  When  young  king  takes  her  with  him 
she  temaius  always  in  the  ashes. — (3I  When  he  goes  to  a  feast  she  unrolU,  one 
at  a  time,  three  enchanted  balls  of  thread  of  dilTcrent  colours,  and  geu  what 
she  wants.  She  daacex  with  the  king  at  the  ball,  aad  robs  him  of  three 
diamoDds  he  wears  on  his  breut;  whereupon  he  falls  sick  of  regret. — {4I 
Truvaturedda  sends  in  to  him  loaves  made  with  her  own  hands. 


1 187    fl'id.,  vol.  i,  p.  388.     Variant  of  No.  XLIII.     (Told  al  Casiel- 

"FiDi  E  Cridi"  (Faith  and  Creed). 
(1)  The  Emperor  of  Austria  had  two  daughters,  by  name  Faith  and  Creed. 
His  wife,  djifg,  left  hioi  a  ring,  and  prayed  hira  to  marry  a  Udy  nhose  little 
linger  it  would  111  well. — (l)  Faith,  having  seen  the  ring,  tried  it  on  ;  and  ber 
father  desired  her  in  marriage, — (3)  The  girl  demanded  fifteen  days'  time, 
and  during  the  delay  shut  herself  up  in  a  case  of  gilded  wood,  together  with 
her  sister  and  with  plenty  of  provisions,  and  caused  it  to  be  cast  into  the  set. 
^(4)  The  King  of  Portugal  lakes  this  wood  and  carries  it  to  the  palace, 
where  it  is  an  object  of  admiration  to  all  the  courtiers.  The  provisions  being 
finished,  Faith  goes  out  to  lind  something  to  eat.  She  repeals  thii  twice 
again,— (5)  The  king  catches  her,  falls  in  love  with  her,  and  marries  her.— (6) 
The  Emperor  of  Austria  comes  to  the  wedding,  and,  recogniaing  his  daughter, 
curses  her  :  "  Become  a  lizard  for  a  year,  a  month,  and  a  day,  and  afterwards 
go  and  cry  thrice  at  midnight  at  tliy  sister  Creed's  window.  If  she  answer 
thee,  thou  shall  return  to  Ihy  human  form ;  if  not,  thou  shall  remain  a  lizard 
for  ever  !"— (7)  Faith  telU  all  this  to  Creed,  and  causes  her  to  be  substituted 
for  her  in  appearance  as  biide  of  the  King  of  Portugal,  on  condition  that  she 
shall  not  sleep  with  bim,  and  that  she  shall  amwcr,  after  a  year,  a  moDlll,  and 
a  day,  to  her  when  she  cries  out.— (S|  At  the  end  of  the  term  Faith  cries 
thrice.  Creed  ^(leepi.  The  king  wakes  her  j  she  jumps  out  of  bed,  opens 
the  window,  and  answen  Faith,  who,  transformed  back  into  a  maiden,  comet 
to  the  palace.     The  mytlet;  is  revealed,  and  all  are  happy. 


I 


Ibid.,  vol.  J.     Slory  No.  XLV,     P.  31)3.      (To!d   at  Nolo,  and    Ifl 
collected  by  Signor  Mattia  Di  Martino.) 


"  La  Cerva"  (The  Deer). 


(0  King 


)  danghtets ; 


e  with  Inth  of  i^Id,  the  other 


id  queen  h. 

with  tMlh  of  liWcr.  When  one  is  fourteen  and  the  other  (ifteen  3'ears  old, 
the  mother  dies,  leaving  her  husband  a  diamond  ring,  and  telling  him  to  wed 
the  woman  whom  it  would  fit  exactly.— (a)  King  tries  it  on  b  good  many,  but 
it  fits  none  ;  so  he  puis  it  on  his  writing-table. — (j)  One  New  Year's  Day  his 
daughters  go  to  kiss  the  king's  hand,  and  (he  elder,  seeing  the  ring,  tries  it  on. 
It  61s  her  exactly,  and  the  father  goes  mad,  and  wants  to  many  her.  He 
urges  :  she  refuses,  and  at  length,  not  knowing  what  to  do,  throws  herself  at 
the  Pope's  feet  and  lells  him  all. — (4)  He  counsels  her  ta  say  to  father  that 
she  will  marry  him  when  he  gives  her  a  robe  which  shows  the  sun  by  day  and 
the  moon  by  night.  Father,  setting  out  in  search  of  it,  meets  a  horseman, 
who  says,  "  Your  Majesty,  what  are  you  looking  for?"  and  beini;  told,  gives 
him  the  dress.  Al  sight  of  it  daughltr  fiunts.  Pope  bids  her  demand  another 
rohe  which  shows  the  sea  with  its  fishes.  This  robe  is  provided.— (j)  Then 
she  has  a  chest  made,  and  sets  out  with  her  sister.  The  Pope  puts  them 
both  into  the  chest,  which  he  pitches  into  the  sea.  A  king  of  the  neighbour- 
ii;g  country,  being  ill,  is  ordered  by  bis  doctors  to  take  a  sea  voyage.  One 
day,  whillt  fishing,  he  draws  up  the  chest.  Well  pleased,  he  takes  it  to  the 
pakce,  finds  the  elder  sister,  presents  her  to  his  mother,  and  marries  her.-^ 
(6)  One  day  the  wedded  pair  are  looking  out  of  window  at  a  wood.  The  girl 
sees  all  at  once  a  cavalier  on  horseback,  and  recognises  her  father.  He  draws 
near,  and,  whilst  the  prince  has  turned  aside,  says  to  her  :  "  Are  you  there, 
wicked  creature  ?  1  hope  to  God  you  will  become  a  deer,  and  be  separated 
from  yoor  husband  !''  Since  curses  of  fathers  and  mothers  always  come 
to  pasi,  the  girl  resolves  what  to  do  against  she  becomes  a  deer.  She  brings 
her  sister  out  of  the  chest,  tells  her  all  [arranges  with  her  to  personate  herself], 
■od  says  that  if  pnnce  asks  why  she  has  silver  leelh,  she  must  say  the 
MadoDoa  has  changed  them,  and  that  she  has  vowed  not  to  sleep  with  him 
for  EiK  months. — (7)  Then  the  girl  who  is  enchanted  {fala\,  being  made  a 
deer,  sets  out  for  the  wood.  Her  sister  tells  the  prince  what  she  was  told  lo 
say,  and  he  believes  it.  After  a  time  prince  goes  10  hunt  in  the  wood. — (S) 
He  is  eating,  and  the  deer  comes  up  to  his  side,  till  at  hut  she  annoys  him, 
and,  enraged,  he  takes  his  gun  and  fires.  The  wounded  deer  runs  to  the 
palace;  binds  np  her  arm,  and  dres*M  like  herself.  The  prince  returns,  tells 
her  what  has  happened,  and  shows  the  sister.     They  all  live  happily  together. 


I 


■RELLA  VARtAStS. 


EuoEN  pRVM  UNO  Albert  Socin,  Dtt  Neu-Aramiisfhe  Dialekt  | 
dts  TurAbdin.    Gottingen,  1881.    Vol.  ii,  p.  211-13.    ^O'  LU. 

(1)  Rich  Jew  ha;  beloved  wifr,  who  one  daysnys  to  him,  "My  lins  be 
upon  you,  if  afLer  my  death  yon  niBrty  any  but  a  woman  who  can  wear  n 


"All   right,"  siys  he,  and  after   her  dealh 


s  alone  with  his 


dsughter  (or  three  years,  in  the  meantime  trying  the  shoes  everywhere  without 
SDCceis. — (l)  Daughter  puts  Ihem  on,  and  father  declares  he  will  marry  her. 
She  says  he  mnst  ficit  fetch  beautiful  dmses  from  town. — (3)  During  hU 
absence  she  hss  lock  fitted  inside  large  chest,  and  shuts  herself  up  in  it  with 
Food  and  money.  Jew  return<i,  is  enra£ed  at  missing  her,  and  takes  chest 
10  market  to  be  sold.  Prince  buys  it,  and  keeps  it  in  his  own  room. — (4I  In 
the  evening  he  goes  out  into  town  and  locks  hu  door.  Heroine  comes  forth, 
takes  out  some  rice,  and  cooks  il,  sweeps  the  room,  spreads  the  carpet,  lights 
a  pipe,  and  lays  it  en  the  sofa-cushions  ;  then  returns  to  chetL  Prince  opens 
door,  is  much  astonished  at  what  he  sees,  and  begins  lo  smoke.  Neat  morn- 
ing, early,  heroine  prepares  coffee  with  sugar,  and  returns  to  chest, — (5)  Prince, 
amaied,  pretends  to  go  out  and  lock  door,  but  hides  in  comer  of  the 
In  the  evening  heroine  comes  out  and  does  as  before;  prince  sarprises  her. 
She  tells  her  story,  and  about  the  shoes,  and  adds  that  if  father  should  ever  go 
to  law  with  prince,  claiming  that  he  sold  him  (he  chest  but  not  hts  dsughler, 
ibe  must  be  called  into  court  to  answer  him.  Prinre  agrees,  and  marries  her. 
—  (6)  She  is  the  loveliest  Jewess  in  the  world,  and  is  called  Cabha  (Aurora). 
When  Jew  hears  she  has  been  found  in  chest,  he  goes  to  prince  to  claim  ber. 
Heroine  is  called  ;  Father  says  she  is  his  daughter.  She  says  she  is  not,  or 
would  he  have  acted  so  towards  her  ?  Father  persists  that  she  is,  and  tells 
judge  of  vow  to  his  wife,  and  how  shoes  titled  daughter,  and  that  he  told  her 
she  must  00  longer  call  him  father.  Judge  orders  his  eiecntion.  .  .  .  [Siory 
does  not  end  here,  ] 


Hevue  Celtique,  t.  iii;  reprinted  in  Folk-Lore,  i,  289-91.  (Told  by 
Miss  Margaret  Craig,  of  Uarliston,  Elgin. — Dialect  of  Moray- 
shire.) 

"Rashin  Coatie." 
( I )  King  and  queen  have  lovely  daughter.  Queen  dies,  leaving  daughin-  a 
red  calf,  which  will  give  her  anything  she  wants.— (2)  King  marries  ill-natured 
woman  with  three  ugly  daughters  ;  they  ill-lrcat  heroine,  clothe  her  in  ■ 
"  lashin  coatie",  and  make  her  sit  in  kitchen-neuk  ;  everyone  calls  her  Raihin 
Coatie.  She  gels  nothing  to  eat  but  the  leavings  of  the  rest.  Calf  givei  her 
everything  she  wants,  wherefore  stepmother  has  calf  killed.— (3I  Heroine 
weeps  i  dead  calf  says  to  her  : 

"  '  Tak'  me  up,  bone  by  bane, 

And  pit  me  aneth  yon  grey  slane,' 


4 
I 


CELT. — HEV.    DES    IJlNfiUES   ROMANES. 


355 


■nd  whatever  you  w»nt,  come  ■od  icek  it  fr»c  m*,  tnii  1  will  give  it  jfoii."— 
(4)  It  is  Vule'lide,  ruid  all  go  in  best  clolhei  to  cliarch.  Ileruine  woiLld  like 
to  £o  »lso,  but  masl  stay  at  home  to  couk  dinner.  Left  alone,  she  goes  tu 
grey  none,  and  lelU  calf  that  she  cannot  malie  the  dinner,  and  wants  to  go  to 
church.  Calf  gives  her  fine  clothes,  and  bidi  her  return  to  home  and  say  ; 
"  Every  peat  gar  ither  bum, 

Every  spit  gar  itber  lum. 

Every  pot  8«r  ither  play. 

Till  I  come  frae  the  kitk  this  good  Yule-day." 
Then  herjine  goes  to  church,  where  prince  falls  in  love  with  her.  She  leaves 
befiare  the  blessing,  and  resamei  rashia  coalie  ;  calf  has  covered  the  table,  and 
dinner  is  ready.  Three  sisters  return,  and  tell  her  of  lovely  lady  in  church. 
She  wishes  they  would  let  her  go  and  see  her  on  the  morrow  (for  they  used  to 
go  three  days  running  lo  church) ;  but  Ihey  will  not. — [5)  Next  day  all  hap- 
pens as  before  ;  heroine  gets  even  finer  clothes,  and  prince  bidi  someone 
watch  whiiher  she  g'les.  But  she  escapes  unseen. — (6)  Third  day  calf  gives 
still  finer  clothes  ;  young  prince  pu's  a  guard  at  church  door,  but  the  jamps 
over  their  heads,  losing  one  satin  slipper. — (7)  Prince  proclaims  he  will  wed 
whomsoever  shoe  fits.  All  the  ladies  of  the  land  try,  as  well  as  the  three 
listers ;  but  none  can  wear  it.  Henwife  cuts  her  daughter's  heels  and  toes, 
and  shoe  is  forced  on  her.  I'rince  must  keep  his  promise  ;  but  as  he  rides 
along  with  her  behind  him  a  bird  begins  to  sing,  and  ever  it  sings  : 
"  Minched  fit.  and  pinched  Gl, 

Beside  the  king  she  rides, 

But  braw  lil,  and  bonny  fit. 

In  the  kilchen-neuk  she  hides," 


Prince  aski  what  bird 
suspects  that  someone  h 
Coaiie.     She  runs  away  I 
didly.  then  returns  to  pr 
(9)  tie  manies  her. 


lys.  Henwife  Says,  "Never  mind."— (8)  Prince 
I  not  tried  shoe  ;  is  determined  to  Iry  it  on  Roshin 
I  grey  stone,  where  red  calf  dresses  her  very  splen- 
ice.    Shoe  jumps  from  his  pocket  on  to  her  foot.-^ 


Rtime  dis  languts  Romanti,  I.  v  (1874).     P.  369.     (From  Gignac    10 
H^rault,     Transcribed  by  M.  Emilien  Hubac.) 

"La  Peau  d'Ane." 

(I)  Widowed  kiog  has  a  daughter  so  very  beautiful  that  he  falls  in  love 
with  her  and  promises  her  anything  she  can  desire  if  she  will  marry  him. — 
(z)  Heroine,  in  alarm,  asks  for  a  dress  like  the  sky  w-ith  stor^  King  pro- 
cures it  after  much  trouble,  and  heroine  next  demands  dress  like  the  moon. 
When  this  ia  procured,  she  rays  she  most  yet  have  dress  tike  the  sun.  Father 
obtains  it,  and  tells  heroine  she  must  now  marry  him  in  eight  days. — (j) 
Heroine  goes  to  her  room  and  weeps  day  and  night.  Presently  she  bethinks 
ho  that  her  father  has  an  ass,  which  the  has  heard  him  say  be  would  not  part 


350  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 

with  even  if  liia  life  depended  on  it.  Sbe  determines  what  to  do,  Ind  when 
fatber  cornea  to  her  room  to  ask  if  she  is  ready  to  many  him,  she  tells  him 
she  must  first  have  the  skin  of  his  pet  us.  Fathei  is  vexed,  bat  can  refuse 
her  Dothiog  ;  the  ass  is  flayed,  and  the  skin  given  her. — (4)  Heroine  now 
determines  10  escape.  Sbe  takes  her  dresKS  and  Ibc  oss-skin,  and  sets  forth 
at  night.  She  meets  a  fairy  who  had  been  present  at  her  baptism,  and  who 
DOW  asks  where  sbe  is  going  so  late.  Faiiy  ^ves  her  magic  ring,  by  means 
of  which  she  can  work  her  will,  and  leaves  her.  Heroine  puts  ass4liia  over 
her  shoulders,  and  proceeds.— (5)  At  length  she  reaches  a  castle,  and  asks  to 
be  engaged  as  shepherdess.  The  people  are  astonished  at  her  strange  garb, 
but  give  her  charge  of  the  lambs.  One  day,  when  following  her  flocV,  she 
enters  a  little  house,  throws  off  the  iss-^kin,  dons  the  skf.coloured  dress,  and 
amuses  herself  before  the  mirror.  King's  son  happens  to  pass  at  the  moment, 
and,  being  curious  to  see  the  little  house,  peeps  through  the  keyhole,  sect  • 
most  beautiful  young  lady,  and  forthwith  is  enamoured  of  her.  He  goes 
to  castle  and  inquires  who  the  young  lady  is  who  is  shut  up  in  the  little  bouse. 
They  think  he  must  be  joking,  for  she  is  only  some  tramp  [bat  they  have 
hired  as  shepherdess,  and  she  is  always  wrapped  up  in  her  ass-skin.  He 
insists  that  he  saw  a  beautirul  lady,  and  they  tell  him  to  go  and  took  again, 
for  he  must  be  mistaken.  He  does  not  see  her,  however,  for  in  the  meantime 
she  has  left.^(d)  He  goes  home  and  falls  ill.  His  parents  send  for  the 
doctor,  who  tells  them  that  the  best  remedy  would  be  for  him  to  marry. 
King's  son  says  he  will  not  marry  till  he  has  eaten  a  cake  made  by  the 
shepherdess  called  Peau  d'Ane.  His  mother  asks  where  he  saw  her,  and 
is  directed  to  the  castle.  All  burst  out  laughing  when  they  hear  that  the 
queen  has  come  to  fetch  such  a  dirty  creature  to  make  a  cake  for  her  soa  — 
(7)  Heroine  shuts  heiself  up  in  the  httle  boose,  throws  olT  ass-skin,  and  don* 
the  moon-dresE.  Then  she  kneads  her  cake,  puts  in  it  the  ring  the  fairy  gave 
her,  and  sends  it  to  king's  son. — (8)  He  tastes  the  cake  and  finds  the  ting, 
and  declares  he  will  wed  whomsoerer  it  fits,  and  will  make  her  ijueen.  AU 
the  young  girls  come  to  the  castle  to  try  it,  but  it  is  too  taree  for  some,  too 
small  [or  others.  King's  son  asks  continually  for  Peau  d'Ane,  who  is  so 
lovely  in  his  eyes.  His  mother,  however,  has  found  her  so  ugly  that  she 
refuses  to  admit  her,  till  king's  son  says  all  eacept  Peau  d'Ane  have  tried  the 
nng. — (9)  Heroine  is  fetched,  and  all  laugh  to  see  her  wrapped  in  her  ais- 
skin.  She  asks  for  a  room  to  dress  in,  and  in  a  moment  she  emerges  clad 
like  B  princess  in  the  sun-diess.     The  ring  tits  her  perfectly,  for  it  is  enchanted 


4 

4 


and  will  fit  d< 


e  else,  and  king's 


i  her. 


father,  who  attends  the  wedding. 


1. 191    Mevue  dti  Tradilions  populairts,  I.  iii.    "  Trois  Conies  Pooievins," 
by    L^on    Pineau.      No.    1,    pp.    168-72.      (From    Lussac- 
Chateatix,  Vienne.) 

"Le  Bouc  Blanc." 


(DA. 


lan  ia  transformed  by  a  fairy  i: 
>  marry  him.    He  lives  alone  in  1 


RKVUE   LIES   TRAD,    POPULMRES, 


3S7 


I 
I 


Fatbn  detenniDCi  (o  viait  ostie.  He  ■ml  his  borae  are  well  cued  for  bf 
iuTlwble  hands.  A  huge  sh«dow  wdti  npon  him.  He  hu  feailed  well, 
explored  everjnhing,  and  is  about  lo  depan,  when  shadow  cries,  "  Ungnilerul 
wrelcb,  are  you  going  without  thanking  me?"  Then  il  says  he  muit  lelum  on 
Ibe  morrow,  or  bring  his  youngest  daughter  in  his  slcad.'— (i)  He  goes  home 
and  tells  daughtet,  who  weep*,  but  consents  to  go.  They  set  out  logctber. 
ArrlTcd  at  the  casile,  they  are  well  served.  They  see  the  shadow  wailing 
upon  them.^3)  Father  departs,  and  awhile  goat  appears  lo  heroine  and 
asks  her  to  many  him.     She  need  hare  no  fear.  Tor  ht  will  not  be  a  white 

goat  much  longer.     He  forbids  her  to  look  in  bii  ear,  then  falls  asleep (4) 

She  lookt  and  finds  a  key.  With  this  she  opens  a  door  and  sees  woikmen 
making  cloth.  She  greets  them.  They  say  they  have  been  seven  yean  work- 
ing at  this  cloth  for  her.  She  opens  another  door,  and  sees  dressmakers  at 
work  upon  all  sorts  of  robes  and  things.  She  E'eels  them,  and  leama  they 
have  been  seven  years  working  for  her.  In  a  third  room  she  finds  girls  who 
for  seven  years  have  been  making  lace  for  her.  Then  she  returns  to  replace 
key  in  goat's  ear  ;  but  goat  is  awake,  and  reproves  her  for  her  disobedience. 
Heroine  says  she  shall  go  home  to  her  father. — (5)  Her  mother  has 
just  died,  haviivg  made  husband  promise  never  lo  marry  ^ain  unless  he 
finds  someone  just  like  her.— (6)  Heroine  resembles  deceased  mother,  and 
father  wishes  to  marry  her. — (7)  She  seeki  advice  of  fairy- godmother,  who 
bids  her  demand  dress  like  the  sun,  then  dress  like  the  sian,  lastly,  dress  like 
the  moon.  Father  provides  them  all  in  turn,  and  heroine  then  demands  a 
little  wheelbarrow  which  will  travel  night  or  day,  above  or  below  Ihe  ground. 
— (S)  He  finds  this  at  last,  andofTshe  goes  in  it. — (9)  She  meets  1  queer 
lillle  man  with  a  little  donkey,  asks  him  to  sell  it  to  her,  ikins  it,  and  gets 
inside  skin.  She  goes  on  further,  and  sees  some  people  beating  walnat.tree, 
and  atks  leave  to  take  one  walnut.  A  little  further,  people  are  picking 
almonds,  and  she  begs  lor  an  almond.  Further  ilill  they  are  picking  nots,  and 
she  takes  one. — (10)  Hien  she  goes  lo  a  castle,  and  ask)  to  be  engaged 
u  turkey  girl.  She  drives  her  turkeys  into  the  park,  cracks  her  walnut,  and 
Gndt  inside  a  dislaff,  which  spins  all  by  itself.  In  the  almond  she  finds  ■ 
winder,  which  works  alone,  and  in  the  nut  a  frame,  which  makes  the  balls  all 
by  iiself.  Then  she  asks  mistress  for  some  hemp,  and  retnms  it  to  her  in  ibe 
cfcaing  all  ready  wound. —  (ll)  Next  day  she  tells  mistress  that  she  did  not 
give  her  enough  hemp.  Mistress  asks,  in  surprise,  how  she  can  possibly  get 
to  much  done.  She  is  watched,  and  they  see  the  instruments  working  by 
themselves,  whilst  heroine  walks  round  her  flock,  singing.  Mistress  wants  to 
buy  the  distaff. — (11)  Heroine  consents  to  pari  with  it,  if  in  return  she  may 
sleep  one  night  in  the  chamber  of  echoes.  All  night  long  heroine  says,  "  Did 
1  oflend  you  *o  sorely,  my  dear  while  goat  ?"    Next  day  the  other  servants 


I 


358  ClNDKkEI.LA    VARIANTS, 

servanls  complaEning  of  being  kept  xwake.  He  throws  away  hii  baml 
sleeping  dtangbl,  lUtens  to  heroine,  and  wys,  "I  hear  yoD,  I  bear  ;od  !" 
Heroine  is  heard  no  mote. — (14)  Next  da;  young  master  falls  ilt,  and  doctoit 
SIC  called.  He  says  he  most  have  B  p.Ul  made  by  Peau  d'Ane  to  core  him. 
^tother  tries  to  dissuade  him  by  laying  ihit  Peau  d'Ane  is  sq  diity.  He 
iasiiisihat  nilhingbul  \h»\  ^Aii  can  cjre  him.-Hi5)  Peau  d'Ane  is  ordered 
lo  make  iL  She  asks  lo  be  left  alone.  They  watch  her.  Having  mshed 
herself  in  a  sil>cr  basin,  she  make*  \\itp^/,  and  putJi  tn  it  a  ring  olf  het 
linger. — (16)  Young  master  Gndi  ring,  and  dcclaiei  he  will  wed  vhomsaeTcr  , 
il  lits.  Ducheascs  and  countesses  try  it  in  vain,  Pcau  d'Ane  is  ol'ed,  and 
the  grand  ladies  gather  ap  their  skills  lest  she  touch  them.— (17}  When  the  { 
has  put  on  the  ling  ihe  reappean  in  her  sun-dress,  which,  in  her  turn,  she 
gatbers  tc^elher,  that  il  shall  not  touch  the  othera.    And  that  very  day  they 


|192    Rivisla  di  Lttleratura  popolan.     Torino,  Roma,   Firenze,   1877. 

"Novelline  di  Santo  Slefano  di  Calcinaia,"  by  A.  de  Guber- 

natis.     No.    \',  p.  S6.     (Narrated  by  girl  who  had  heard    it    { 

from  her  mother,  a  eonladina  of  Empoli.) 
"  Pellicina."' 

(I)  Fattier  seeks  id  many  daughter,  because  she  alone  can  wear  deceased 
molhet't  ring. — (i)  Fairy  counsels  heroine  to  demand  fiom  Ialht;r  dreu  with 
sea  and  fishes,  dtess  like  the  sun,  and  dress  like  the  moon  and  stara,  — (3)  She 
escapes  with  these,  and  hires  heiself  to  work  in  garden  belonging  to  noble- 
man with  an  only  son. — (4)  There  is  a  ball.  Pcllidna  arks  son  to  take  her 
wiib  him,  lie  says,  "Gel  up,  you  mud-scraptr  {ratt^U-icrr^sy  Wbca  he 
has  started,  heroine  dons  lea-coloutcd  dress,  and  appears  at  ball.  He  tails  la 
love,  and  asks  her  nniiic.  "  Mud -scraper,"  she  siys. — (j)  Second  time  she 
asks  to  go  lo  boll,  be  calls  her  a  blockhead  {,iitoc(kotta),  which  name  she  giTCS 
at  second  ball,  and  on  the  third  occasion  repeals  another  oppiobrious  epithet. 
—(6)  Al  the  third  ball  he  gives  her  a  ring.  She  escapes  from  him,  and  he 
Tails  ill  wiih  love. — (7)  His  mother  fears  lo  lose  him.  Doctors  cannot  succour. 
— (S)  Then  heroine  makes  a  pie,  and  puis  in  it  the  ring  prince  gave  her.  tie 
sends  for  girl  who  made  pie  ;  heroine  appeals  in  most  gorgeous  dress,  and  Is 
rcc^nised.— (9)  Prince  is  quite  cured,  and  marries  her. 


I 


■193    l^R-   SvLVio   RoMtRO,    Contoi  popvlares  do  Braf.il.      [Usbon,  I 
1885.]     Stiction  I.     Stor>- Nu.  IX,  p.  19.     (Told  al  Sergipe.) 

"  DtiNA  LAarsMiNA." 

(1)  Que«n  hu  been  long  mairied,  and  has  no  children.     She  longi  for  one, 

andsa>s  :  *'God  granl  mc  even  a  snake."    She  gives  birth  to  a  daughter  irilt 

'  PiUiiint  il  the  name  given  in  a  Tuscan  story  corresponding  in  Calcinaia  In  J 
Ciaderelta.     It  rt minds  one,  taihcr,  cS  Ptattd'Aiu.- 


KOMfeRO, 


359 


orDUod  her  neck.  All  the  UmUf  are  di'guited,  bal  no  one  on 
rak«  the  stake  tmm  (he  child's  neck.  Tliey  grow  both  logelfaer,  and  (hccliild 
is  fond  of  the  snake.  She  U  aceuslomed  lo  go  to  the  sea-shore,  and  there  the 
sruke  will  uiicurl  henell  and  play  in  the  waves  ;  but  llie  princess  cries  till  the 
snak;  rolls  herself  again  round  her  Deck.  They  go  back  lo  Ihe  palace,  and 
nobody  knows  of  ir.  But  al  last,  one  day  the  ^ioalie  enters  the  lea  and  comes 
back  no  more,  but  tell*  her  sitter  lo  call  for  her  when  in  danger.  The  snake 
it  called  Labitmins,  and  the  princess,  Mary.~(2)  Years  pass,  and  queen  fal  ■ 
sick  and  dies,  after  drawing  a  ring  from  her  linger,  and  saying  to  the  king, 
"  When  yoa  want  to  marry  agJln,  let  it  be  a  princess  whom  this  ring  liis — 
neither  loo  slack  nor  loo  tighL" — (3]  After  a  time  king  has  the  ring  tried  on 
all  ihe  ptincctses  of  every  kingdom  ;  but  it  lils  none.  Hi*  daughter  alone  has 
not  tried  il.— (4)  He  calls  her,  puts  the  ting  on  her  finger,  and  il  liti  exactly. 
He  says  he  shall  many  her;  she  is  troubled,  and  weeps.— (5)  She  thinks  of 
Labismina,  and  goct  10  the  sea-shore  and  calls  her.  The  snake  comes,  corn- 
foils  ber,  and  bids  her  ask  king  for  a  robe  of  ihc  colour  of  the  field  with  all 
its  Aowers.  King  is  vexed,  but  after  a  long  lime  procures  the  lObe.  Snake 
now  bids  princess  ask  for  a  tobe  the  colour  of  the  sea  with  all  its  fi>hes, 
which  is  also  obtained  after  a  long  lime.  N'eit  she  is  counselled  lo  ask  for  a 
robe  the  colour  of  the  sky  with  all  its  start.  Father  growi  desperate,  but 
promises  to  obtain  il,  and  at  length  succeeds. — (6)  Princess  now  runs  to  the 
set,  and  embaiks  on  a  ship  which  snake  his  been  preparing.  She  is  to  Und 
in  a  realm  she  will  touch  nl,  where  she  will  marry  a  prince.  Al  the  time  of 
her  marriage  she  must  call  three  timet  for  Labismina,  who  will  then  be  dis- 
enchanted and  becotne  a  princess.  Mary  goes. — (7)  She  leap*  ashore  where 
the  ship  touches,  and  then  has  to  tf^  employment  of  the  queen,  who  sett  ber 
to  take  care  of  the  loyal  poullry.— (S)  Some  time  after  there  is  a  three  dayn' 
festival  in  the  cily.  All  Ihe  palace  goes,  and  the  poul'ry-maid  is  left  behind. 
The  first  day  she  combi  herself,  dons  the  dress  Ihe  colour  of  the  lield,  begs 
Lalntniina  for  a  line  carriage,  and  goes  to  ihe  festival.  All  admire  her,  and 
the  king's  son  falls  in  love  with  her.  She  leaves  before  the  end  of  the  feast, 
puts  on  her  old  clolhes,  and  returns  to  ber  fowls.  Prince  comes  home 
and  B*ks  mother  if  she  saw  the  lovely  giil ;  says  he  wants  lo  marry  her,  and 
■hat  the  is  just  like  their  pauUry-maid.  Molher  tells  him  to  go  and  see  how 
different  the  poultry-maid  is.  Prince  linds  her,  and  says,  "  Pouhif-maid,  I 
saw  a  girl  at  the  feilival  just  like  thee."  "  Prince,  you  mock  me  I  Who  am 
I?"— (9)  Neat  day  she  goes  to  festival  in  sea-coloured  dress  and  a  grander 
carriage ;  and  on  the  third  day  in  the  sky-eoloured  dress.  The  prince  is 
enraptured,  flings  him&elf  at  her  feet,  and  throws  into  her  lap  a  jewel,  which 
■he  keeps. — (10)  Returning  to  the  palace,  he  falls  sick  with  love,  and  cinnoi 
leave  his  bed.  He  will  not  lake  hit  broth.  Queen  sends  everyone  to  try  and 
lempt  him,  but  in  vain.  Unly  Ihe  pouttry-maid  is  left,  and  the  queen  bids  her 
go.  She  aniwers  :  "  Nonsense  !  Queen,  why  tease  me  ?  What  am  1  to  Ihe 
prince  that  he  should  lake  broth  from  my  hand  ?  But  let  me  make  some  to 
send  him."^ii)  Queen  agreef,  arul  poultry  maid  puts  into  the  cup  of  broth 
ihe  jewel  which  the  prince  gave  her.  When  he  sees  it  he  springs  out  of 
bed,  taying  he  is  quite  well,  and  is  going  to  marry  the  girl  who  has  charge  of 


36o 


CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 


the  fowls.  She  is  sent  for.  and  appears  dressed  as  «t  the  festival. — (is)  There  i 
U  great  )ay  and  (cosling,  and  PHncesi  Maty  marriei  the  prince,— (13I  Bui  | 
she  forgets  lo  call  Labismina  bj  her  name,  so  she  is  ool  disenchanted.  . 
that  is  why  to  this  day  the  lea  roais  and  grows  farious  at  times. 


04    Rotprawy  I  Sprawozdania,  eU.  (Dissertations  et  Comptes-rentlus    | 
des  S&nces  de  la  Faculty  de  Philologie  de  I'Academie  des   | 
Sciences  [de  Cracovie],   14  vols.,   1874-1892).      Vol.    ix,  pp. 
194-197.     (Taken  down  in  dialect,  very  carefully  and  faith- 
fully, from  the  neighbourhood  of  Wadowice,  near  to  Cracow. 
— Dr.  Karlowia.) 

"The  Story  of  an  Orphan," 

(i)  stepmother  favours  her  own  daughter  and  ill'treats  orphan. — (3)  In- 
stead of  taking  her  to  church,  she  pretends  to  have  upset  some  oatmeal  into 
the  dust-heap,  and  makes  heroine  separate  the  oalmeal  from  the  sweeping. — 
(3)  Heroine  goes  10  well  to  gel  water;  a  beautiful  lady  comes  forth  from 
"ell,  gives  her  a  dress  like  lun  and  moon,  and  gold  shoes,  promises  lo 
perform  task  for  her,  and  sends  her  to  church.  Everyone  is  greatly  aston- 
ished.— (4)  All  happens  the  same  next  Sunday.  The  king's  son  runs  after 
heroine  when  she  leaves  Ihe  church  ;  the  Virgin  causes  her  to  be  wrapped  In  , 
misi,  and  so  she  escapes  pnrsniL — (5)  Third  Sunday  tar  is  spread,  and  I 
heroine's  shoe  remains  sticking  to  it.— (6)  Prince  arranges  a  ball,  and  invites 
all  the  gitli.  The  shoe  is  tried,  but  in  vain, — (7)  Search  is  made  throughout 
the  country.  Stepmother,  seeing  Ihe  king's  people  coming,  hides  heroine 
under  a  trough,  and  cuts  own  daughter's  foot  so  that  it  shall  go  into  the  shoe. 
— (S)  But  the  cock  flies  on  to  the  trough  and  sings  out  thai  the  owner  of  the 
shoe  is  underneath, — (9)  The  shoe  is  tried  on  heroine,  the  mystery  explained, 
and  the  prince  marries  her. 


95  Eebo  SAtMELAlNF.N.  Taks  nnd  Fal/Us  of  the  Finns.  Part  I. 
Ediled  by  Eero  Salmelainen.  Helsingfors,  1871.  Pp.  59-157. 
No.  VII,  i,  (Collected  in  Russian  Carelia  by  E.  Lonnrot.  1836. 
No,  III.)  J 

"  The  Wonderful  Birch-Tree."  | 

(1)  An  old  man  and  woman  have  an  only  daughter.  Losing  a  iheep,  they 
go  in  different  directions,  but  seek  it  in  vain.  Approaching  the  woman,  ui 
Ogress  says,  "  Spit  into  my  knife-theaih,  pass  between  my  legs,  turn  into  ■ 
black  sheep,"  and  changes  her  into  a  sheep,  while  she  herself  takes  the  form  of 
the  woman.  Calling  lo  the  man,  Ihe  Ogress  says  she  has  found  the  sheep, 
and  ihey  both  go  home  ;  then,  that  ibey  must  kii!  Ihe  iheep.  The  daughter 
runs  to  Ihe  sheep-pen,  tells  her  mother  of  this,  and  is  warned  not  to  eat  any 


I 


SAI-MEWINEN.  361 

'Iftther  her  bones  and  bury  them  in  the  headland  oT  the  field. 
Tlie  fheep  is  then  killed,  the  daughter  refuses  Eo  eat  an)'  of  it,  buries  ibc  bonei 
aa  directed,  and  therefrom  springs  a  great  and  very  beauliftil  birch  tree. — 
(J)  In  lime  the  Ogress  give!i  biilh  to  a  daughlet,  and  pligues  the  man's 
daughter  in  every  way.  Once  the  king  hold:  a  great  feast,  (o  which  all  are 
ioviled,  including  the  poor,  the  lame,  and  the  blind.  Before  Ibe  Ogress  and 
her  daughter  start  otl  with  the  man  to  the  feast,  ihe  upsets  the  stove,  sprinkles 
a  qoanernietisart  of  barley  over  it.  and  lelli  ihe  man's  daughter  the  mast 
collect  ihe  barley  in  ihe  measure  and  put  the  siove  to  rights  before  evening, 
at  ahe  will  eat  her.  The  girl  tries  to  do  so,  but  soon  linds  her  labour  in  vain. 
So,  going  to  her  mothet'i  grave,  the  weep;,  till  her  mother  asks  her  Ihe 
leaton.  After  hearing  it  she  tells  her  daughter  to  take  a  branch  from  the 
tnrch,  and  with  ii  sweep  erostwise  on  Ihe  stove,  when  everything  will  get 
arxanged.  The  girl  does  to  ;  the  bailey  collects  into  the  measure,  and  the 
stove  resumes  its  place.  Returning  to  Ihe  birch,  she  is  told  by  her  mother  lo 
bathe  at  one  side  of  the  birch,  to  douse  herself  at  another,  and  dress  herself  at 
a  ibird  side.  Doing  this,  she  becomes  the  most  beautiful  girl  in  the  world, 
gels  beautiful  clothes,  and  a  hoise  with  hair  partly  of  gold,  silver,  aod  some, 
thing  better.  Mounting,  she  gallops  to  the  king's  caitte ;  ii  met  by  the  king's 
■on,  and  led  within.  Everyone  admires,  but  no  one  recognises  her.  They  sit 
side  hf  side  at  Ihe  head  of  Ihe  table,  but  the  daughter  ol  Ihe  Ogress,  who  is 
under  it  munching  bones,  gets  a  kick  from  the  king's  son,  thinking  she  was  a 
dog,  which  bieaki  hei  arm. — (3)  When  leaving  the  castle  to  go  home,  Ihe 
girt  leaves  her  ring  slicking  to  the  door.bandle,  which  the  king's  son  had 
tarred,  and  has  no  lime  to  remove  it.  Hurrying  bock  to  the  lurch,  she 
undresses,  leaves  the  horw  there,  and  goes  behind  the  stove.  The  Ogress, 
on  her  reiuni,  explains  that  while  the  king's  son  was  carrying  her  daughter 
■he  fell  and  broke  her  arm. — (4)  Neit  day  much  the  same  incidents  recur, 
though  now  it  if  a  quarter.measure  of  llai'Seed  the  girl  must  gather  up  ;  the 
king's  son  breaks  the  I»g  of  the  Ogress's  daughter  under  ihe  table  ;  Ibe  girl's 
golden  ear-ting  sticks  to  the  door-posr,  which  the  king's  son  had  tarred,  and 
this  time  she  tells  her  mother  of  its  toss,  but  is  promised  a  better  one. — 
(jl  Neil  day  the  same  events  occur,  though  now  the  Ogress  spills  the  same 
quantity  of  milk  for  the  girl  lo  collect ;  the  Ogrrai's  daughter  has  her  eye 
kicked  out  u-ider  the  table  ;  Ihe  girl  loses  her  gold  shoes,  which  itick  to  the 
tarred  threshold.— ^6)  The  king's  son,  wishing  lo  know  who  was  Ihe  owner  of 
article*  telt  sticking  in  the  tar,  has  another  feast  prepared  on  Ihe  fourth  day. 
Beibre  starting  thither  the  Ogress  allgches  a  washing-bat  lo  her  daughter  for 
a  leg,  a  pancake. roller  for  an  arm,  and  a  horse-dropping  for  an  eye  ;  whoever's 
finger,  ear,  and  feel  fit  ihc  rings  and  shoes  in  possesion  of  the  king's  son  is  10 
be  his  bride.  All  present  try  them  on  in  vain.  He  sends  finally  fur  Cinder- 
ella, bat  the  Ogress  prevents  his  giving  her  the  articles  to  ity  on,  and  makes 
him  give  them  to  her  daughter,  whose  finger,  feet,  and  ears  she  fild  down  till 
the  rings  and  shoes  &t.  So  he  has  lo  many  the  Ogress's  daughter,  bnt,  being 
ashamed  ol  being  married  in  the  castle,  goes  for  a  few  days  10  her  home. 
When  he  is  about  to  return  to  the  castle,  Cinderella  makes  herself  known,  and 
he  takes  her  u  weU  as  his  bride  with  him.     Uanog  to  paa  »  dver,  be  pushes 


3T  &  bridge,  and  passes  over  it  vith  Ciodeiella. 
tin  as  ■  bridge,  and  in  hei  gt'ief  uyi,  "  May  ■ 
if  my  navel  ;  pahips  mymoih^r  will  get  know- 
,  hollow  golden  slalk  grows  out  of  her  on  the 
takes  Cinderella  as  his  bride  ;  ttiey  go  to  ibe 
1  eel  Iraax  there  all  soils  of  treasnres  of  gold 


361 

■he  Ogrtss's  daughter  into  it 
There  the  former  has  to  ren 
hollow  golden  slalk  grow  LiUt 
ledge  of  it."  Imntediately 
bridge. — (71  The  king'*  son 
birch  on  her  mothei'b  grave, 
and  liiver,  besides  a  splendid  horse,  on  which  ihey  ride  to  the  caille.  At  ihe 
tame  lime  the  birch  completely  dimppears.  In  time  the  bride  it  delivered  of 
a  son.  The  Ogress,  hearing  of  this,  and  believing  she  is  her  daughter,  goes  to 
the  castle,  and  on  her  way,  seeing  the  golden  stalk,  ia  about  to  cat  il.  Her 
daughter  cries  out  not  10  cut  her  navel,  and  that  she  is  ihe  bridge.  The 
Ogreid  smashes  il,  hurries  to  castle,  and  says  10  Cinderella  :  "  Spit  into  my 
knife-bheath,  bewitch  my  knife-blade,  turn  into  a  reindeer,"  Though  ihe 
neither  spits  nor  does  anything  elae,  she  is  changed  into  a  reindeer,  and  the 
Ogress's  daughter  replaces  her.  The  infant  being  very  restless  from  want  of 
milk,  lis  father  goes  to  old  widow  for  advice,  and  is  told  his  wife  ii  in  the 
forest  in  the  shape  of  a  reindeer,  and  his  present  wife  is  the  Ogress's  daughler. 
When  he  asks  how  hecan  get  her  back,  the  widow  tells  him  to  let  her  lake  Ihe 
child  into  Ihe  forest.  When  she  gaa  lot  it  Ihe  Qgr«i  objects,  but  the  king's 
son  insists  on  her  taking  it.  In  the  forest  the  widow  sing;!  to  the  reindeer, 
which  then  conies  and  suckles  her  child,  and  tells  the  woman  la  bring  il 
again  next  day,— (8)  Next  day  the  Ogress  again  objects,  but  the  widow  takes  it 
to  ihe  reindeer  as  Iwfore,  The  child  becomes  extremely  beautiful,  and  its 
father  asks  widow  if  it  Is  possible  his  wife  can  regain  her  human  shape.  The 
widow  does  not  know,  but  tells  him  to  go  Id  the  forest,  and  when  Ihe  reindeer 
throws  off  iti  skin  he  is  to  bum  it  while  she  is  searching  his  wife's  head.  All 
this  is  done,  and  she  resumes  her  hunian  shape  ;  but  not  liking  to  be  lecn 
naked,  she  [urns  into  a  spinning  wheel,  a  washing-vat,  a  spindle,  etc.,  all  of 
which  her  husband  destroys  till  she  becomes  human  again. — 19)  On  tbeit 
return  to  the  castle  he  orders  a  huge  lire  to  be  made  under  the  bath  with  Uu, 
and  its  approach  to  be  covered  with  brown  and  blue  cloth.  Then  he  invile* 
Ihe  Ogreu's  daughter  to  take  a  bull.  She  and  her  mother,  in  stepping  over 
the  cloth,  bill  a  depth  of  three  fathoms  into  ihe  hie  and  tar.  Striking  Ihe 
ground  with  her  Ultle  linger,  Ihe  Ogress  screams  out,  "  May 
apon  the  earth,  insects  511  the  sir,  for  Ihe  torment  of  mankind!" 


/6,'J.,  pp.  68-73,     No.  VII,  ii.      (Collected  by  J.  Caj; 
Russian  Carelia.     1836.    No.  Vlll.) 

■■The  Marvellous  0,vk," 
(i)  A  man  and  woman  had  an  only  daughter,  a  pretiy,  lidy  giiL  Her 
mother  dying,  her  father  marries  an  Ogms,  unwittingly,  with  a  grownup 
daughter.  The  two  latter  plague  her  in  every  way.— (I)  The  king  bokli 
a  great  feast,  to  which  all  are  invited— Ihe  poor,  lame,  and  the  blind. 
When  the  Ogress  with  her  daughter  start*  for  it,   her  stepdaughli 


i 


i 


p 

i 


NEN. 


363 


withei  to  iccompanjr  tbeiOi  i>  tngiily  told  the  ii  not  wuiled.  The  OgrcM 
knotlis  over  the  »iave,  upwis  n  (giunei-meuure  of  bulcf  over  il.  ind  <cll& 
ihc  gift  she  must  put  cveryihing  jit  it  wu  liy  her  reium.— {3)  Weeping  she 
Koei  to  ibe  grire  uf  her  moilier,  who  liands  her  *  switch,  Iclli  her  lo  suike 
II  Ctii^wiie  *KUrul  ihe  slove,  aiirt  her  la.li  will  be  eneculeii.  hbe  dnei  u 
advised  1  llie  Iwrley-graini  collect  in  the  mea-ute,  ind  the  ilove  luiiinei  ils 
fanner  w»te.— {4)  On  her  w«y  to  ihc  eiu'Ie  the  Ogicu  metn  «  ram  with 
a  p»it  of  thean  on  ili  hum*,  which  implores  hcc  to  shear  il  and  lake  the  wool 
•I  a  tc*aid.  Soe  rudely  decline*.  Soon  she  mceli  an  old  l>cK"-"'"i  "'"' 
u>k«  her  10  Kaic>]  hit  head,  fur  which  he  will  ^i>c  faU  slilT,  and  getl 
a  limilaiangwer,— (5)  After  performing  her  luk,  Cmdeiella  *taits  after  the 
others ;  mectl  the  iiiii,  11  isked  the  same  queilion,  complies,  and  geis  the 
wool  for  ber  paiiti,  She  also  complies  witli  the  old  brggar'i  request,  re- 
ceive* hiisiatfa.  a  rewaid,  and  is  told  that  further  on  she  will  Gndagrettoak, 
which  she  is  10  strike  cio>swi>e  with  the  staff,  when  il  will  open  up  all  soils 
uf  good  thing)  (or  her.  Sbe  does  this,  and  Andi  treosurei  in  Ibe  cenlie  of 
the  oak.  Clothing  herself  beautifully,  the  lakes  a  fine  harse  and  gallops  to 
the  cuile.  There  >hc  i>  given  plenly  to  eat  and  diink  ;  but,  though  all  are 
IS  ui.ishtd  at  the  beautiful  strange-,  none  reoogniie  her.  WltUe  the  guests 
are  esling,  the  Ogress'a  daughter  is  under  the  table  gnawing  bones,  where  she 
is  kicked,  and  lo-es  an  eye.  After  feasting,  Cinderella  gcei  li'  me,  but  i£ 
followed  by  the  people.  .She  Ihrowi  aw-ay  her  nng.  and.  while  Ibe  people 
are  looking  for  il,  gallops  back  to  the  oak.  Here  »he  changes  her  clothe*, 
goes  aud  sits  behind  the  ilove.  On  the  return  of  the  Ogreai  and  her  daughiet, 
Cinderella  asks  what  they  have  s  en,  and  leaini  they  saw  the  mott  )>eauuful 
girl  imaginable.  "  Was  it  not  1  ?"  says  Cindeiella,  a  iimaik  which  is 
leceived  with  scorn.— (6)  Next  day,  before  returning  to  ihe  caitle,  Ihe  Ogrcts 
(gain  overturns  ihe  stove,  sifts  rye  over  it,  and  gives  the  girl  the  same  oiders 
Bi  before.  From  her  mother  she  again  gets  the  switch,  thece*ith  puts  all  to 
''ffif*,  goes  lo  ibe  oak,  dresses  splendidly,  dashes  oif  to  the  cuile,  aud  ii 
entertained  at  before.  The  Ogrtsa's  daughter,  when  under  the  table,  has  an 
arm  broken.  This  lime  Cinderella  throws  awfy  an  eai-iing  for  tbe  people  lo 
pick  up,  and  the  same  incidmti  follow  as  before.— (7)  The  third  day  Ihe 
Ogress,  before  starting,  bttaki  Ihe  ilove,  spills  lurnipseed,  and  gives  Cinder- 
ella the  Mine  older  as  be'ote.  At  the  oak  she  gets  finer  clothei  Ihan  before, 
and  a  hone  ihc  hair  of  which  ii  partly  gold  and  pa'tlyiilver,  on  which  she  rides 
to  Ihe  castle  ;  shi^  siis  at  the  end  of  the  lable.  This  time  the  C^icss's 
daughter  has  a  leg  biokea  under  [be  table.  When  taking  her  departure,  to 
avoid  being  caught,  Cindeiella  throws  away  her  goldm  thoe,  and,  while  they 
ate  IkoLing  Jor  it,  makes  bcr  escape  uoretogniscd  borne.  The  Ogress  and 
her  daughter  ridicule  hir  when  she  says  she  has  beien  at  Ihe  csstle-^S)  On 
ihe  lout  I  h  day  a  feast  is  held,  to  which  all  ire  inviltd,  lo  discover  who  owns  Ihe 
(ing,  car. ring,  and  golden  shoe.  TheOg'tss  puu  on  bet  daughter  a  washing- 
IMI  ai  a  leg,  a  pancake- roUir  ii  an  arm.  and  a  horse- dropping  as  an  eye,  and 
goes  to  the  cislle.  The  king  announces  ihit  whoever  lan  lit  on  ihe  rings 
and  (hoe  is  to  be  his  son's  bride.  All  ihe  girls  try  Ibcni  on,  but  in  rain. 
The  Ogren  liies,  by  cutting  at  and  hling  ber  dauEhtei's  lei;  and  hand,  la 


364  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

make  thera  Fit,  but  wilhont  success.  The  king  (hen  orders  Cinderelln  to  be  ' 
brought  (rom  liehiad  the  slove.  She  could  not  go  to  the  oik,  but  had  to  gp 
in  her  working-clothes  &1I  over  ashes.  All  the  Brdcles  fit  her.  The  king's 
son  is  sl»rmed  nl  having  lo  lake  such  a  bride.  He  takes  liet  from  palace  to 
palace  to  show  her  his  possessions,  and  she  asks  him  to  sec  what  Ebe  has  got. 
She  takes  him  to  the  oak,  strikes  it  with  her  staff ;  Ihey  take  what  they 
please;  ihc  brideETOom  no  longer  regrets  his  marriagci  they  go  home  and 
live  happilf. 


97    3id.,  pp.  73-77.       No.  VII,  iii.      (Collecied  in  Tavastland  bjr 
A.  E.  Nylander.     1850-1.     No.  XXXIII.) 

"The  Three  Sisters." 
(i)  There  are  three  sisten,  two  good  and  one  wone,  but  all  beaatifol. 
Their  parents  dying  suddeul)*,  they  have  lo  go  into  service.  The  (wo  elder 
ones  propose  taking  lervice  at  the  king's  cattle,  and,  being  proud,  will  not 
let  the  youngest  accompany  them.  On  their  way  Ihey  encounter  a  pig  with 
a  trough  in  front  of  it,  which  it  aiki  them  10  remove  or  it  will  burst.  Tbej 
scornfully  refuse.  Then  they  meet  a  cow  with  a  pail  attached  to  its  horns. 
She  asks  them  lo  milk  her,  to  drink  the  milk  as  a  reward,  to  throw  the 
remainder  on  her  hocks,  and  replace  the  pail.  This  they  decline  to  da. 
Neil  Ihey  meet  an  old  man,  who  asks  to  have  his  head  searched,  offering  his 
slalT  as  a  reward.  This,  too,  they  refuse  to  do.  On  reaching  the  cislle  they 
enter  the  service  of  the  k'ng.^ — (2)  The  youngest  sister  Ihinks  of  oHeripg 
herself  as  swineherd  at  the  castle,  and  starts  thither.  Enconntering  the  pig 
and  hearing  its  request,  she  removes  the  trough.  Meeting  the  cow  and 
hearing  its  request,  she  cheerfully  complies.  She  also  searches  the  old  nun's 
head;  is  given  his  siaff,  and  told  if  the  strikes  a  certain  lock  neat  Ihe  caslte 
she  wiil  find  there  whatever  she  wishes  or  needt.  She  then  goes  to  the  cattle 
and  is  taken  on  as  swineherd. — (3)  Her  sisters  coniinoe  10  annoy  her,  and  on 
Sunday  give  her  one  bean  and  one  grain  of  com  to  cook  their  dinner  ol, 
while  they  are  Bl  church.  While  she  is  crying  over  this  task,  the  old  man 
that  had  given  her  the  stalf  tells  lier  to  go  to  church  and  he  will  cook.  She 
goes  to  the  rock,  strikes  it,  obtains  from  il  a  beautiful  carriage,  horses,  and 
fine  clothes,  and  drives  to  church.  All  are  astonished  al  her  beauty,  but  no 
one  knows  her.  After  leaving  church  she  drives  back  hastily,  changes  hrr 
clothes,  and  walks  to  the  castle.  Her  sisters  lind  the  food  so  good  Ihey  can 
say  nothing,  and  spesk  of  the  beautiful  girl  they  saw  in  church. — (4)  Next 
Sunday  the  same  occurs  again,  but  the  young  kirg.  who  happened  to  l>e  in 
chutch,  hunies  after  her  wiihout  being  able  10  overlske  her.— (5)  Neat 
Sunday  the  two  sisters  again  go  to  church,  leaving  Ihe  youngest  one  at  home, 
who,  after  getting  Gne  clothes,  a  carriage,  and  money  from  Ihe  rock,  follow* 
them.  In  leaving  church  her  shoe  sticks  lo  ihe  ihreshold,  which  the  kbg 
has  had  tarred.  The  people  try  lo  catch  her,  but  she  scatters  Ihe  money 
among  Ihem,  and  all  but  the  king  stop  to  pick  it  up.  He  follows  10  clotelj 
behind  her  that  she  has  only  lime  lo  throw  a  skin  over  her  fine  clothei 


I 


i 


SaLMEUINEN. — SAML.\REN. — SCHLEICHER.  365 

CMSpc  home. — (6}  The  king  t*k«  the  golden  shoe,  usembles  the  people,  and 
■nnouDcca  he  will  masTj  whomsoever  it  6ts.  All  the  girls  117  it  on  in  viin. 
The  elder  licters  file  donn  and  whittle  their  toes  to  do  purpose.  At  last  the 
king  Mndt  for  the  iwincherd-giTl,  >nd  the  shoe  exactly  fits.  In  puitin);  it  on 
the  king  notices  her  golden  dress  ander  the  fkin^coat,  which  he  pulls  ofT,  and, 
guessing  the  ii  the  bcanty  he  had  seen  in  church,  a^ki  her  to  be  hit  bride. 
The  wedding  is  held  with  great  joy,  but  the  elder  sisters  could  not  be  present, 
as  iheir  leet  weie  damaged  from  ihe  filing  and  whittling. 


» 


Saiii/iiren,    viii.     1887.     Pp.    178-179.     A    Swedish    version    by    08 
Olaus    Laurentii   Calmariensis,    i6i;.     (Contributed    to   the 
magazine  by  H.  Schuck.) 

"ClNDCRKLL.\." 

(1)  A  farmer  would  compel  his  daughter  to  marry  the  man-servant. — (3) 
The  boll  comfort*  her,  and  offers  to  carry  her  off  on  hia  back. — [j)  They 
pass  through  an  oak  wood  ;  the  bull  forbids  ber  touching  a  leal,  but  she  plucks 
one,  places  it  in  her  bosom,  and  instantly  she  is  clad  in  brass.  A  wolf  attacks 
them,  but  is  put  to  death  by  the  horns  of  the  bull. — (4)  They  Irarerse  a  haz«l- 
wood  ;  heroine  takes  a  leaf,  and  is  clad  in  silver.  Two  wolves  attack  them, 
and  are  sUio. — (5)  Heroine  plucks  a  leaf  in  the  time-tree  wood.  Bull  says, 
"  When  I  am  torn  to  pieces  by  the  wolves,  flay  me  and  put  on  my  hide  ; 
cut  off  my  left  horn  to  keep  your  dresses  in,"— (6)  Heroine  reaches  king's 
caitlc,  and  is  hired  as  cook's  help.— 17)  On  Sunday  she  asks  leave  [to  go  to 
church]. 
[The  above  fragment  was  found  in  Codex  E.  S,  Upsala.J 


August  Schleicher,    Lilauische  Marchen,  Sprkhworie,  Rdlsel    1941 
und  Lieder,   gesammelt   und   ubersetzt   von.     Weimar,    1857, 
Pp.  10-12. 

"The  Beautiful  Princess." 

(1)  King  has  beautiful  wife,  with  hits  round  her  brow,  a  sun  on  the  top, 
■nd  a  moon  at  the  back,  o(  her  head.  But  she  soon  dies,  leaving  a  daughter 
OS  lovely  as  herself.— (2)  King  travels  far,  seeking  another  wife,  but  finding 
none  so  fair  as  the  first,  detemiiiws  10  marry  his  daughter. ^[3)  She  objects, 
but  cannot  make  him  relinquish  his  purpose.  She  therefore  demands,  lirti,  a 
dress  of  louse-skins,  a  silver  dress,  a  diamond  ring,  and  a  gold  shoe.  King 
gives  her  all.— [4)  On  the  eve  of  Ihe  wedding,  heiobe  goes  to  ask  advice  of 
old  woman,  who  telli  her  to  pack  oU  her  things,  and  leave  home  that  night. 
Next  morning  king  seeks  her  in  vain. — (5)  She  conies  to  a  river,  and  gets 
into  a  boat,  Ferry-mnn  refusa  to  row  her,  and,  unless  she  will  have  him,  he 
wili  drown  her  in:itanlly.     She  will  not  accept  hbn,  and  he  throws  her  out  of 


ihe  boai.— [6)  She  springs  o 


□  ihe  hai.k,  and  « 


Llkl< 


lai  she  < 


B  to  ± 


■  O  God  !"  she  saya,  "If  only  this  wen 


:  and  the  rock  "ptni 


which  she  en len.  She  finds  everything  s 
leaves  her  fine  c'olhe*  here,  and  comes  out.  The  room  becomes  a  rock  agaiD. 
—(7)  She  comes  to  a  house,  and  offers  herself  as  scullion  {Aiih/Hbradrl).  Her 
brother  lives  here  as  secrelary — tot  he  also  hul  left  hU  falhei's  hoaMl~-Bnd 
hai  aaerranl  to  u-ait  upon  him.  When  he  calls  hii  seivont  to  fetch  fain) 
water,  or  hit  boots,  heroine  always  runs  to  lake  ihem,  and  he  throws  ihem 
at  her  heels.—  (8)  She  asks  her  mistress  to  allow  het  lo  go  home,  bat  goes 
instead  to  the  rock,  which  becomes  a  room  as  she  draws  near.  She  dons 
her  fine  clothes,  and  a  carriage  appean  lo  lake  her  to  church.— 19)  The 
secretary  is  there,  and  notices  the  lovely  girl,  and  goes  again  the  following 
Sunday  for  the  sake  of  seeing  her.  But  raistros  has  luld  ber  she  must  get 
home  earlier  than  the  secretary.—  (  to)  One  day  she  is  late,  and  hai  not  lime 
to  doff  fine  dress,  bul  puis  cvrry-day  clothes  on  over  it— (il)  Secreluy  sends 
his  servant  lo  fetch  her  to  search  his  head,     i.he  will  not  go.  faying  she  hsa 

second  lime  for  her,  she  is  obliged  to  g'.    With  his  head  n 
secretary  examines  her  clothes,  and  comes  upon  ibe  manlle.— (iz)  Then  he   ■ 
gets  up  and  tears  the  kerchief  from  het  head,  and  recogniu  s  hii  sister.    Thejr  J 
leave  Ihe  house  together,  but  none  knows  whither  Ihey  go. 


297    Beenhard  Schmidt,  Gritthische  MSrtlien,  Sagen  u»d  Volksliedtr. 
I-eipzig,  1877.     Pp.  93-98.     No.  XII.    (From  Zakynlhos.) 


jiislies,  and  he  Gads  him: 
another  garden   with  tr 

»,  and  a  long  Ihread  ipringi 

love.     Suddenly  a  dragon  ap- 
lo  bring  one  of  his  d«ugbt«n 

returns  home  very  sorrowfnL 
Ighler 


"The   Dhacon." 

(1)  King,  out  hunting,  follows  a  stag  till  it  vi 
a  Karden.  He  opens  a  door,  which  leads  to 
gold  and  plants  of  diamonds.  He  plucks  a  ro 
out  and  winds  itself  round  him  till  he  carnol  r 
pears  with  great  noise,  and  makes  king  piomisi 
in  a  month's  lime  lo  be  his  wife— (j)  Kirg 
Children  ask  why,  and  he  lells  ibem.     Two  el< 

to  go  to  dragon,  but  youngest  offers  herself  willingly.  At  the  appointed 
king  takes  her  to  dragon,  who  meets  them  with  great  retinue,  and  clad  iogold 
and  splendour.  He  condurts  heroine  to  ■  magnificent  palace.  After  tlie 
wedding  the  king  returns  home.  Ihe  dragon  having;  gifted  him  with  great 
wealth,  and  bidden  him  come  whenever  he  will  to  visit  his  daughter. —{3) 
Every  day  Ibe  dragon  leaves  the  castle,  after  kissing  hi>  wife  and  forbidding 
her  to  enter  one  particular  loom.  One  day,  when  he  has  gone  away  (<« 
three  months,  she  opens  the  forbidden  room,  and  sees  bclore  her  a  deep  pit 
with  a  young  man  in  ii,  groaning  and  wailing.  She  determines  lo  rescue  him, 
throws  him  a  rope,  and  draws  bim  up.  He  is  a  prince  whom  me  dragon  had 
wounded  and  cast  into  Ihe  pit.  She  heals  his  wonnds,  and  in  three  weeks  he 
is  well.— (4)  Then  she  bids  him  go  forth,  and,  in  order  lo  rescue  ber,  get  • 


tttfk 


SCHMIDT. — SCHNELLER.  367 

je  gold  chat  which  opens  Trom  inside,  and  bring  it  to  palace  that  she  nuy 
buy  il.  Then  she  will  hide  inside  chtO,  and  the  dragon,  bavine  lost  her,  will 
sell  it,  so  as  not  10  be  rctnindei]  of  her.  She  tells  the  prince  not  to  let  his 
motber  ki»  him  when  he  gels  home,  or  he  will  forget  h«.— (5)  Prince  goes 
home,  ordeis  gold  cbest,  and  does  not  kist  bis  molher ;  hut  in  the  night  she 
comes  l(.  his  room  and  kisses  him,  and  neil  motning  he  has  forgotlen  every- 
thing.' V\'hen  goldsmith  brings  the  gold  cheat  prince  says  be  nevet  ordered 
it,  knd  giiJdsmith  tries  to  sell  it  tlscwhere.— (6)  Chance  brings  him  In  the 
plaM  wh-te  the  dragon  dwellji,  and  Ibe  princess  buys  'be  chut,  telling  the 
gotdsinilb  to  relum  and  buy  il  back  in  Iwo  months'  time,  and  take  il  to  ibe 
place  where  dwells  the  prince  whom  she  had  rtelivered.— (7)  In  Ih^s  way  the 
chest  comes  at  length  into  the  possession  of  the  prince,  and  he  pals  il  in  his 
own  roam.  The  lueen  sels  food  for  the  prince  in  his  room,  and  during  his 
absence,  heroine  gets  out  of  the  che  1  and  eats  il.  Queen  letls  him  to  May  at 
home  one  day  and  see  what  happeni<,  and  in  Ibis  way  heroine  h  ditcoTerel. 
I'he  roomenl  he  sees  her  he  recollecls  her,  and  pleads  for  forgiveness  for 
having  forj^tten  her.  He  asks  his  mother  to  send  him  a  double  poriion 
of  food  daily  —(8)  Some  lime  passes,  and  the  prince  has  to  go  away  to  the 
war.  He  b'g^  mother  10  have  food  taken  to  his  room  every  day  as  uiual,  and 
Oti  00  account  to  have  the  chest  moved.  Prince  has  an  aunt  «hose  daugh'ei 
wishes  to  marry  him.  Aunt  notices  Ihat  sinct  he  has  had  the  gold  chest  he 
has  not  ca'ed  so  much  about  her  daughlet.  So  she  begs  que:n  10  lend  her 
ibe  gold  chest  one  day  for  a  banquet :  queen  c ouenis,  and  directly  aunt  has 
chesi  in  her  possession  she  gives  orders  for  it  to  be  thrown  on  the  fire. — (g) 
When  heroine  hears  this  she  gels  out.  changes  into  a  bird,  and  flies  away. 
Then  the  aunt  gives  the  chest  bock.  When  prince  retutns  and  finds  it  emply 
he  queiiions  molher,  who  lays  it  has  not  been  moved, — (to)  Prince  falls  ill, 
and  sits  every  day  at  the  window  weeping.  One  day  he  hears  a  noise,  and  a 
bird  flies  into  the  room  and  chinges  into  a  girl,  lie  is  overjoyed,  questions 
ber,  and  sends  for  a  priest  lo  many  them  secretly.  Then  he  tells  his  aunt  he 
is  going  lo  marry  her  daughter  in  a  few  days. — fil)  Everything  is  made 
ready ;  the  bride  sits  by  the  bridegroom,  his  wife  being  also  present.  When 
the  priest  bids  him  lead  his  bride  forward  he  takes  his  wife  by  the  hand,  pro- 
claims her  his  wife  before  them  all,  and  retatea  all  that  has  happened.  The 
■not  and  her  daughter  are  beheaded,  and  tbe  rest  live  happily. 


Christian  Schneller,  Afiirc/un  und  Sagen  aus  Walsehlirol.     268-| 
Innsbriick,  1867.     Tale  No.  XXIV,  pp.  59-63, 

"  ASCHENBRODF.L." 

( 1 1  A  rich  old  man,  thinking  he  must  shortly  die,  calls  his  three  dtugliicn 
to  choose  gifu  from  htm.  Eldest  asks  for  gold  ear-rings  ;  second,  for  beiulifut 
new  dresa ;   attd  youngest,  who    is   very  beantifnl,  brgi  for  father't  sword. 


368  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

Thit  is  a.  magic  sword.  Its  possessor  has  onlf  to  give  in  order  for  i 
eiecuted.  Father  j-ives  desired  gifts,  even  tlic  sword,  liiinliing  he  will  no 
longer  need  it,  as  he  is  dying.  But  he  lives  yet  a.  long  time.  One  day 
heroine  asks  leave  to  go  forth  into  the  world  to  seek  her  fortune.  Father  is 
amused,  End  asks  whether,  being  a  i^irl,  «he  does  not  Feat  to  go  alone.  She 
replies  that;  having  the  sword,  no  harm  can  befall  her,  and  slie  wants  to  seek 
husband  for  herself.— (i)  Father  gives  permission,  and  she  sets  out,  hiding 
sword  under  her  clothes.  She  comes  to  a  large  town,  where  she  takes  service. 
Whilst  sweeping  and  dusting  rooms  of  a  morning  she  notices  large  palace 
opposite,  belonging  to  handsome  young  count.  He  is  often  sad  and  moody, 
and  parents  urge  him  to  marry,  but  no  one  pleases  him  enough.  Heroine 
sees  him  often,  and  falb  in  love  with  him  ;  at  length  leaves  present  service  to 
be  kilchen-maid  at  pilace.  She  most  lemain  all  day  on  the  hearth,  and  being 
covered  with  ashes  she  is  called  Alchenbrodel.  —(3)  Young  count  says  he  will 
go  to  ball.  Mother  is  pleased,  hoping  it  will  cheer  him.  Aschenbrodel  has 
overheard,  and  as  soon  as  he  has  suited  goes  to  bcr  room,  washes  herself, 
takes  sword,  and  asks  it  for  lovely  sky-blue  dress,  and  carriage  and  horses. 
In  this  way  she  goes  to  ball  wheie  young  count  is,  and  is  noticed  by  all.  She 
speaks  first  to  count,  who  is  too  shy  to  ask  whence  she  comes,  but  is  very 
happy  dancing  with  her.  After  first  round  she  slips  away  home,  dons  her  old 
clothes,  and  returns  to  kitchen.  Count,  in  high  spirits,  Iclis  mother  what  he 
has  seen.  "  How  lovely  she  was !"  "  Not  more  so  than  1,"  says  Aichen- 
briidel  ;  bat  he  seizes  shovel,  and  strikes  her  with  it  for  interfering. —  (4)  Next 
night  he  goes  i^in  to  ball,  meaning  not  to  let  beauty  escape  this  time. 
Heroine  attends  as  before  in  dress  like  stars.  Count  asks  whence  she  comes, 
and  she  says,  "  From  Shovelstroke",  and  escapes  from  him  after  first  round, 
Vexed  and  love-sick,  count  returns  home,  and  relates  all  to  his  mother. 
Heroine  puts  in  words  as  before,  and  he  hits  her  with  the  tongs.  Ken^e 
withdraws  lo  comer,  but  hears  mother  tell  him  to  take  diamond  ring  to-mor- 
row, and  put  it  on  lady's  5ngcr  when  she  first  arrives. — (5)  Heroine  goes 
third  time  10  ball,  in  dress  like  the  sun,  the  glitter  of  which  people  cannot  at 
first  face.  Count  puts  ting  on  her  finger,  and  she  says  she  comes  from 
"  Tongs-blow",  and  escapes  from  him  as  before.  Sick  and  sad,  he  tells  all  to 
his  mother,  then  takes  to  hii  bed,  and  cannot  sleep  or  eat. — (6)  Next  morning 
heroine  asks  lo  be  allowed  to  cook  his  food.  Mother  angrily  refuses  her. 
Following  dav  she  begs  permission  al  least  to  take  plate  of  food  to  him,  and 
on  the  way  drops  in  ring.  Coant  finds  ring,  and  asks  mother  who  can  have 
put  it  there.  Heroine  is  called,  but  siys  they  mnst  wait  a  little.  She  huiries 
to  her  room,  washes,  and  puts  on  sim-dress,  then  appears  before  mother  and 
son. — (7)  He  recognises  her,  and  begi  lorgiveness  for  having  struck  her. 
They  are  married. 


4 


ScHOTT(AkTHUB  ITND  Albert)  tValaehisehe  AfarcAen.     Stutlgarl     19S 
und  Ttibingen,  1845.    Tale  No.  HI,  pp.  96-100. 


'■Die  Kai 


I    SCHWEINS 


ALL." 


( I )  An  emperar,  whose  wife  u  dead,  dcleiinines  to  niirry  bis  own  daughler, 
HROine  ukes  courucl  of  nurse,  and  iskl  futhcr  first  to  provide  her  wuh  diess 
of  silver.  This  is  made  and  given  her,  and  she  neat  demand!  drc&s  of  gold, 
lea  limes  more  coatty  than  the  olher  ;  and  thirdly,  a  diamond  dtest  ten 
ihourand  times  more  wonderful  still.  Thii  she  a^ks,  knovirg  that  her  fatber'a 
kingdom  cannot  provide  it.  But  in  lime  ihif  loo  is  Eupplied,  and,  greatly 
alarmed,  heroine  asks  for  one  day  more  for  meditation.  She  now  asks  for 
a  dress  made  of  hideous  loose-skins  and  bordered  with  skins  of  fleas.  Father 
is  angry,  but  gives  order  for  dress,  which  takes  Ivni  years  in  malcitig.  Fol- 
lowing nurse's  advice,  heroine  makes  no  further  opposition,  but  enters  bridal 
chamber. — (1)  Then  asks  for  a.  mooient's  freedom,  and  when  father  feats  she 
intends  to  flee,  givci  him  end  of  string,  which  she  binds  round  her  left  hand, 
aad  says  he  hts  only  to  pull  it  if  she  is  too  long  away.  Then  she  slips 
away,  and  finds  nurse  ready  with  an  old  goat  round  whose  horns  she  tjuickly 
ties  string.'  Heroine  dons  all  three  dresses,  and  outside  all  the  ugly  dress. 
Father  grows  impatient,  and  pulls  at  string  ;  goal  pulls  in  return.  At  last  he 
goes  out  to  find  daughter,  and  goat  butts  at  him.  Goes  back  to  chamber,  and 
calls  loudly  till  people  come,  headed  bj  nurse.  Father  gives  vent  to  his  rage, 
and  relates  what  has  happened.  Bids  them  remove  goat.  Then  nunc  screams, 
and  sayi  does  he  not  see  what  his  unnatural  conduct  has  brought  to  pass, 
for  God  has  transformed  his  daughter  to  this  hideous  homed  beast.  Thus 
convinced  of  hia  wickedness,  father  dares  say  no  more  about  daughter. — 
(3)  Meanwhile  heroine  escapes  to  forest,  and  lives  on  berries  and  nuts. 
Emperor's  son,  to  whom  forest  belongs,  comes  hunting  with  one  servant.  He 
is  astonished  at  sight  of  extraordinary  being,  and  aims  bow  at  it,  but,  finding 
it  does  not  move,  approaches,  and  takes  it  to  palace.  On  account  of  iu 
loathsome  skin  it  is  given  into  care  of  swineherd,  who  puis  it  in  dirty  stable, 
above  which  is  hen-roost,  so  that  skin  gets  still  more  vile.  It  will  only  eat 
berries  and  nuts,  refusing  other  food. — (4)  Soon  after  this  there  is  grwid 
re.>tival  in  the  town,  for  the  marriage  of  some  wealthy  lord.  All  fine  lords 
and  ladies  of  tjhe  place  are  assembled,  and  in  the  evening  heroine  slips  off  her 
hideous  disguise,  and,  dad  in  silver  dress,  goes  to  wedding.  Prince  dances 
with  her,  admires  her  greatly,  and  gives  her  ring.  Towards  morning  she 
disappears,  and  returns  to  stall— (5)  Second  eveningshe  attends  ball  in  golden 
dress,  dances  with  prince  as  before,  and,  in  spite  of  his  care,  escapes  from  him 
unperceived. — (6)  Third  evening  ihe  goes  in  diamond  dress.  Prince  tries  to 
discover  who  she  is  and  whence  she  comes,  and  keeps  watch  on  her ;  yet  she 
escapes  as  before. — (7)  Prince  falls  ill  and  keeps  his  bed.  A  friend  visits  him, 
and  has  hreaVlast  prepared.     Strange  animal  chances  to  enter  kitchen,  and 


,[.A  VARIANTS. 


begslo  1 
wbomti 


I  iueir^t 


Kitchen-miid  !bU  it  aujr  bj  the  hoTCh. 


i,  hearing  it  is  tor  prince,  secretlj 
ring.     Having  warmel   herself,  heroine  returns  to  st<iil,  and  doni 
dress.      Prince  breaklafti  with  friend,  and  is  bcfond  meuute  aslo 
lind  ring  at  baltom  of  milk-jug.     He  sends  for  kite  hen -maid,  who  i< 
knows  not  how  ring  got  into  milk.      Prince  inquires  whu  besides  herself  wai    | 
in  kitchen,  and  ihe  at  lafl  confesses  slmni^e  beast  was  there  wRrming  her 
Immediately  prince  goes  with  his  friend  to  stable,  where  lie  sees  beau 
princess  in  diamond  dress.— (8)  1  le  recognises  her  ;  she  tells  her  advenluie*,   J 
and  they  ai 


/6ii/,     yiory  No.  IV,  pp.  100-105. 
"  Die  Kaisertochter  Ganskhirtin"  (The  Princess  Goose- 

(l)  An  emperor's  beautiful  daughter  has  jealous  slepmalller,  who,  wishing 
to  be  rid  ol  her,  urgei  filher  to  get  her  married.  Heroine  does  not  wishthi^ 
and  father  is  unwillingly  to  part  with  her. — (2)  During  his  absence  stepmother 
locks  her  up,  giving  her  nothing  to  eat  or  drink  (or  three  days.  On  the  fourth 
day  she  sends  her  a  small  piece  ol  bread  and  a  jug  of  wa'er,  in  which  she  has 
ihrown  a  young  snake.  Heroine,  dying  of  thirst,  swallows  snake  unwittingly.' 
Henceforward  she  gets  food  and  drink  enough,  though  stili  a  prisoner.  Snake 
grows  rapidly.  Father  returns,  and  stepmother  calumniates  heroine,  who 
in  vain  protests  her  innocence  and  tells  of  her  imprisonment. — (3)  Father 
loves  heroine  too  dearly  to  order  her  death,  but  tells  her  lo  go  Forth  and  never 
see  him  more.  He  has  Iwilve  handsome  dresses  made  for  her,  all  of  which 
she  must  put  on,  and  outside  all  a  mantle  of  wood.  This  she  does,  weeping, 
whilst  wicked  stepmother  secretly  rejoices. — (4)  Hunger  drives  heroine  out  of 
forest  into  town,  where  she  applies  for  service  at  palace  of  another  emperor. 
Servants  laugh  at  her  appearance,  and  say  emperor  does  not  employ  wooden 
people.  Prince  passes  by,  and,  marvelling  at  wooden  dress,  questions  weejring 
heroine;  She  begs  to  be  employed  in  >ome  menial  service,  and  he  makes  ber 
gooseherd,  and  gives  her  room  to  herself,  that  other  servants  shall  not  ill-treat 
her. — (5)  Next  day  heroine  drives  geese  into  meadow,  and  at  noon,  when 
geese  go  into  water,  she  lakes  off  her  clothes  to  balhe.  Some  reapers,  whom 
she  has  not  noticed  at  work  near,  watch  her  in  great  astonishment  as  she  put£ 
olT  her  iwtlve  gorgeous  dresses,  and  at  night  they  tell  prince  aboat  wooden 
maiden. — (6)  Next  day  prince  hides  in  a  bush,  and  heroine  bathes  in  »ame 
spot  as  before.  He  ia  entranced  with  her  beauty.  This  time,  in  resuming 
clothing,  she  leaves  off  six  of  the  dresses,  meaning  to  carry  Ihem  home,  as 
the  bent  is  so  greaL     She  is  very  thirsty,  but  does  not  like  to  drink  of 


4 


SCHOTT. — SCHRECK.  37 1 

in  which  she  has  bathed.  Perhaps  to  forget  her  thirst,  she  lies  down  under 
shadow  of  a  tree,  and  falls  asleep.  Then  prince  sees  from  between  her  half- 
closed  lips  a  hideous  snake  of  great  length  crawl  slowly  forth.  He  is  horrified, 
draws  nearer,  and  throws  gold  ring  at  snake,  hitting  its  head,  and  making  it 
glide  away  and  disappear.  Heroine  is  aroused,  and  sits  up,  but  does  not  see 
prince,  who  quickly  hides.  She  thanks  God  for  making  her  feel  so  well. 
Then  she  sees  ring  in  grass  before  her,  takes  it,  and  drives  geese  home. — (7) 
Prince  has  hurried  home  shorter  way,  and  meets  her  as  she  goes  to  her  room 
after  tending  geese,  and  asks  about  riog  on  her  finger.  She  answers,  shyly, 
that  it  is  a  find.  Prince  says  ring  is  his,  for  he  lost  it.  She  restores  it 
to  him,  but  he  will  not  take  it,  and  replaces  it  on  her  finger,  saying, 
"  Keep  it,  sweet  child,  for  I  will  marry  you !"  Heroine  blushes,  thinking 
prince  is  mocking  her,  for  how  can  a  prince  take  a  poor  wooden  girl  to 
wife?  He  insists  that  he  loves  her  just  as  she  is,  and  entreats  her  to  marry 
him ;  then  hurries  to  emperor,  who  is  enraged  to  hear  he  intends  marrying 
gooseherd,  and  withholds  consent — (8)  Prince  marries  her  secretly.  Father 
is  angry  at  hearing  it,  but  assigns  four  rooms  in  palace  for  prince  and 
heroine  to  occupy,  though  she  remains  gooseherd  as  before. — (9)  One 
Sunday,  after  she  has  driven  the  herd  home,  heroine  dons  one  of  her 
fine  dresses,  and  goes  to  church,  where  all  are  struck  with  her  beauty. 
Then  prince  asks  father  who  is  the  lovely  stranger,  and  when  he  does  not 
know,  says,  "  O  father,  why  have  you  not  such  a  lovely  wife  ?'*  Service  over, 
heroine  returns  unperceived  in  the  throng,  and  resumes  wooden  mantle. — (10) 
Next  Sunday  all  happens  as  before  ;  prince  puts  same  question  to  father,  who 
determines  on  the  following  Sunday  to  have  people  stationed  at  every  door,  to 
find  out  who  lovely  stranger  is,  whence  she  comes,  and  whither  goes. — (ii) 
Thus  when  heioine  tries  to  escape  unperceived  she  keeps  coming  upon  a 
watch,  and  in  this  way  is  left  behind  in  the  church  alone.  Prince  says 
to  father,  "Send  the  watch  away,  for  the  lovely  damsel  is  none  other  than  the 
goose-girl,  my  wooden  bride."  Father  is  delighted,  and  embraces  her. — (12) 
He  plans  a  ceremonious  wedding  festival,  and  invites  his  neighbour,  the 
emperor,  to  his  daughter's  wedding.  Heroine's  father  is  overjoyed  to  meet 
her  again,  and  learning  her  horrible  treatment  at  hand  of  stepmother,  sends 
orders  for  the  latter  to  be  instantly  beheadcl. 


Emmy  Schreck,    Finnische  Mdrchen^    iibersetzt  von.      Weimar, 

1877.     P.    63.     Story  No.   IX. 

"Die  wunderbare  Birke." 
(See  No.  95.) 


CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 


99    Paul  S^billot,  Conlts  populates  de  la  Haute  Bretagne. 

1880.     No.  Ill,  pp.  is-aa.     (Rdaled  at  Saint-Cast  in  1879  b 
Jean-Matiii  Herv^,  aged  thirteen,  of  Pluduno,  Cutes-du-Notd.)  1 

"Le  Taureau  Bleu," 

(1)  Stepmother  ill 'treats  heroiae,  dressing  her  meanly,  and  nenrly  stuving 
her.  She  ii  sent  every  day  inlu  the  fields  to  mind  caitle.  Amongst  the  cow* 
there  is  one  blue  bull.— (2)  One  day,  when  heroine  is  weeping  at  her  hatd 
lot,  blue  bull  comes  and  asks  cause  of  trouble ;  bids  her  put  ber  huul  ■□  its  ear. 
She  does  so,  and  finds  piece  of  bread-and-butter,  which  she  eats,  and  does  llie 
tame  every  day  wben  she  is  hungry. — (3)  Stepmother  suspects  that  she  is  fed 
iccretly,  and  hides  behbd  dump  uf  trees  to  spy.  She  then  determines  to  slaj 
blue  bull,  who,  being  aware  of  this  project,  tells  heroine  she  may  escape  with 
him  that  night  if  she  hkes.  Heroine  makes  bundle  of  hec  best  clothes,  and 
they  set  out— (4)  Thejr  go  a  long  way,  and  come  to  forest  whose  trees  have 
copper  leaves.  Bull  cautions  heroine  not  lo  touch  a  leaf,  for  if  one  should 
fall  it  would  awaken  ihe  bears,  which  would  devour  them.  She  is  careful  to 
cbcy. — (5)  Next  they  come  to  forest  of  silver-leafed  trees ;  bull  csutioni 
heroine  not  to  touch  leaves,  for  fear  of  awakening  scorpions,  who  would  stillE 
ihem.  In  spue  of  her  care  the  knocks  off  a  leaf  in  passing  the  last  tree,  and 
U.  the  noiie  of  its  fall  swarms  of  scorpions  attack  them,  and,  in  piolecting 
heroine,  bull  is  atung  dangerously.  He  bids  her  rub  his  wounds  with  oinlmeDt 
from  his  ear.  This  cures  him  at  once,  and  they  pri>ceed.^6)  Tbcy  come  to 
forest  uf  gold-leafed  trees.  Bull  says  if  b  leaf  should  fall  lions  will  attack  and 
devour  (hem.  Forest  is  passed  without  harm  till  heroine  knocks  end  of 
blanch  on  the  last  tree,  and  a  leaf  falls,  Lions  attack  them,  and,  in  protecting 
her,  bull  is  seriously  hurt.  He  says  he  must  now  leave  her  alone,  for  he  U 
mortally  wounded.  Heroine  in  despair  would  apply  ointment  Dgiin,  but  bull 
says  it  is  usele^.  She  must  try  and  find  a  spade,  and  dig  a  grave  and  bury 
him.  Then  she  must  go  on  till  she  teaches  a  house,  and  uke  service  lher«  u 
turkey-girl.  Whenever  she  wonts  anything  she  can  come  to  grave  and 
get  it. — (7)  Heroine  dues  all  as  bidden,  and  becomes  turkey-girl  to  young 
prince.  On  Sunday  she  is  sent  to  enrly  Moss,  that  she  may  stay  to  mind  house 
during  High  Mass. — (S|  When  left  alone  she  runs  to  bull's  grave,  and  says  she 
wants  someone  to  mind  house  whilst  she  attends  High  Mass  dressed  hkeagrand 
lady.  Bull  sends  little  rabbit  lo  mind  kitchen,  and  gives  splendid  drea  to 
heroine,  who  goes  to  church  and  sits  in  sight  of  piioce.  He  is  attracted  by 
her,  and  determines  to  speak  to  her  after  service  ;  but  she  has  then  vanished. 
Her  employers  had  given  her  a  dress  the  colour  of  wood,  instead  of  her  rags, 
and  for  this  reason  she  is  called  "  Jacquetle  de  Bois"  (Wooden- Coat). — 
(9)  Next  Sunday  the  goes  again  to  early  Mass,  Presently  she  sets  little  rabUt 
to  mind  kitchen,  gets  silver  dress  from  tomb,  and  |[oes  lo  church. 
prince  intends  to  speak  to  her,  but  she  disappears  after  service.  H 
very  sad,  and  confide*  his  grief  to  Jactjuelte,   who,  the  momcnl  she 


irabbU       ^ 


SBBILLOT.  373 

chnrcli,  hu  power  to  umme  ordiiuu7  clothes.  She  advii«i  prince  to  gp  next 
Sunday  to  Mass,  and  not  to  take  his  eye  aS  the  U<)y,  but  to  follow  her  and 
spesk  to  her. — (to)  Thiid  time  heroine  appeare  in  church  in  gold  drcM. 
Prince  follows  her  to  closely  that  he  tceadt  on  heel  of  her  shoe,  and  drags  it 
from  her  fboL  Whilst  he  picks  it  op  the  vanishes.  Then  he  goes  to 
Jacfnette,  finds  her  clod  as  osual,  and  busj  in  the  kitchen.  He  shows  her  the 
shoe.— (ll)  He  falls  ill,  and  Jocquette  advises  him  to  seek  owner  of  shoe. 
lie  invites  girls  of  high  and  low  degree  to  a  feast,  nnd  tries  Ihe  shoe  on  all, 
saying  he  will  wed  whonuoever  it  dis.  None  can  wear  it.  All  the  daughters 
of  the  peasants  are  invited  la  attend  second  feast.  Amongst  ihemisa  cunning 
girl,  who  determines  to  double  up  her  Foot  so  as  to  get  shoe  on  tomebow. 
Her  foot  is  tightly  bound,  and  the  shoe  is  pat  on,  but  prince  sees  it  is  not  the 
beauty  he  loves.— (13)  Still  he  keeps  his  promise,  and  is  about  to  mount 
carriage  with  her,  when  little  bird  nings  : 

"  The  princess's  foot  hurts  her ; 
The  princess's  foot  hurls  her." 

Prince  asks  what  bird  says.  "  Nothing,"  layi  the  bride ;  but  bird  repents, 
and  looking  at  girl's  feet,  prince  sees  how  cramped  they  ate,  and  finds  shoe  is 
roll  ofblood,  and  he  will  not  many  her. — (13)  He  is  now  more  snd  and  ill 
than  ever,  and  one  day,  when  Jacquette  is  chatting  with  him  to  divert  him,  he 
notices  what  small  feet  she  has  for  a  lurkcy-girl.  He  insists  on  her  trying 
shoe.  She  refuses  at  fitst,  bat  it  fits  her  perlectly,  and  he  declares  that  he  will 
wed  her. — (14)  Heroine  tuns  to  tomb,  tetts  news  to  bull,  and  asks  for  gold 
dress.     Prince  recognises  her  at  once,  and  is  quite  cured. 

[A'ofc.— "La  Petite  Brebiettc  Blanche"  (No.  58,  p.  3JI,  of  this  collection) 
opens  with  incidents  common  in  Cinderelia  stories  t— Ill-treated  heroine — 
Tasks — Helpful  animal— Spy  on  heroine — Slaying  of  helpful  animal — Virgin 
bidiher  collect  lamb's  four  feet.  A  castle  springs  up  from  them,  which  heroine 
inhabits,] 


I 


md.     Story  No.  XXVII,  pp.  174-79.     (Told  by  Rose  Retiaudof   261^ 
Saint-Cast  in  1879.     She  heard  it  from  her  mother,  who  died 
in  1839.) 

"  CfeSARINK." 

(1)  King  of  Castille  has  daughter  named  Ccsirine.  Queen  does  not  love 
her,  becauie  ihe  nearly  died  at  her  birth  ;  but  father  loves  daughter,  and  often 
reproves  motber  for  iil'trcaiing  her.~(i)  Danghter  determines  to  leave  home 
nuhcr  than  cause  disputes  between  parents.  She  lakes  with  her  a  casket  of 
jewels  and  three  drescs— like  the  tun,  Ihe  moon,  and  the  air— given  by  father. 
—(3)  Shegoes  faraway,  and,  being  clad likea peasant, bengaged as  goose- and 
turkey  herd  it  castle,  and  everyday  drives  (lock  into  the  fieldi.  She  builds  a 
Utile  shed  of  branches  as  shelter  from  the  sun,  and  keeps  her  dresses  and  jewels 
in  it.— (4)  Being  out  of  sight  in  this  retired  spot,  she  takesofTher  rough  clothes 
and  dom  her  fine  dreites.    Seeing  her  thus  clad,  the  gccae  and  tnrkeys  cry : 


374 


CINDEREI.IJV    VARIANTS. 


"Cloak,  cluak,  clotk,  cloak, 
{Casaqiie,  layuf,  saqut,  saqm), 
ITiven'l  we  gor  a  prelty  herd  !  " 
(S)  One  day,  ptinec,  who  lives  wilh  inoiher  at  cMllf,  says  geese  and  It 
have  laUen  to  iBlkfng  since  they  had  new  herd.  They  lay  ho  luu  been  I 
dresming.  But  Dpit  day  he  goes  to  place  where  they  are  pastured,  and  hides.  I 
Ho  sees  >  lovely  lady  step  from  ihc  shed,  and  ihc  flock  sing  as  before. 
delermines  lo  follow  her  closely  on  the  morrow  and  see  wbelher  it  leally  Is 
ihc  turkey-girt  who  dtes&es  so  finely.— (6)  He  does  so,  and  she  appean  In 
dress  like  the  air.  Then  he  slips  into  shed  and  sees  turkey- herd's  clothes  on 
the  ground.  Me  goes  forward  lo  meel  her,  and  a^ks  if  she  is  Cetarine.  She 
confesses  it  reluctantly,  aJid  Ihc  geese  and  turkeys  speak  as  before.  He  asks 
who  gave  her  the  lo*ely  dresses,  and  she  is  silent  and  blushes.  Presently  she 
says  her  father  gave  them  ;  and  finally  cnnfesies  who  her  father  is.  and  why 
she  lelt  home,  and  that  she  has  also  some  lovely  jewels,  But  she  will  not 
show  these  to-day :  he  is  lo  come  on  the  morrow.  —  (7)  Then  she  gives  him 
key  to  open  casket,  and  he  is  amazed  at  sight  of  the  jewels.  Amongst  them  Is 
a  gold  necklet  on  which  is  engraved  name  of  her  falher  and  of  her  lover, 
who  is  an  intimate  friend  of  the  prince.  He  delcnninei  (o  go  lo  Castiile, 
and  sets  out  in  two  days  for  ihc  town  where  dwells  Cctarine's  father.  He 
finds  his  friend,  who  is  ambassador,  and  lelU  him  aboul  heroine.  Ambas- 
sador says  he  loves  C^sarine,  but  cannot  wed  her.  Then  prince  confides  to 
him  that  he  loves  her  himself,  and  he  seeks  king's  consent  lo  many  her. — 
(S)  This  obtained,  he  returns  to  his  own  castle,  bearing  jeweb  and  money  for 
heroine,  whom  he  hnds  ill  in  bed  in  her  shed.  For  two 
brought  her  food,  lie  comforls  her,  and  carries  her  lo  the  castle  to  be  taken 
care  of.  Then  he  letls  his  mother  that  he  intends  to  marry  the  lurkey-herd, 
who  is  really  daughter  of  the  King  of  Caslille.  Mother  thinks  she  is  deceiving  | 
him,  till  the  coffers  of  gold  and  jewels  arrive. — (9}  Osarine  gets  well  kA  j 
marries  the  prince. 


Paul  Seiullot,  JJttkraiure  orak  de  la  ffaute-Bnlagne.  Paris,  I 
1881-  Pp.  45-52.  (Told  in  1878  by  Aim6  Pierre  of  Uffi^  | 
a  farm-boy,  aged  19.) 

"La  P0UIU.EUSE." 
(1)  King  aski  his  tiro  daughters  how  much  they  love  him,  meaning  lo 
kingdom  10  the  one  who  loves  him  best.  First  daughter  says  she  loves 
like  ihe  apple  of  her  eye  ;  younger  says,  "You  are  lovable  to  me  as  the 
lUvourof  salt  in  food,"  He  banishes  her  from  the  court. —(j)  Heroine  makes 
bundle  of  her  clothes,  takes  herrings,  and  sets  out.  In  order  to  escape  notice, 
on  account  of  her  beauty,  she  exchanges  her  dtess  for  ihe  rags  of  an  old  beggar- 
woman  whom  she  meets,  soils  her  face,  covers  her  hands  with  mud,  afid 
lets  her  hair  hang  down  ill  langled.     She  tries  lo  get  engaged  as  goose-giil 


sfemt-LOT. 


375 


roM,  but  laimcn,  ming  how  dirty  she  b,  will  doi  lake  hci ;  ihey 
gi*e  her  bread. — (3)  Afler  walking  sevenl  difs  she  leaches  large  farm  where 
they  ate  wsntine  shephcrdcu,  and  she  is  engaged.  When  near  the  fire  beroipe 
throws  in  pinches  ofialt  to  makebclteve  they  are  lice.  Mistress  reproves  ber 
for  dirty  (rick  ;  though  the  discontinueiil,  she  il  alirayi  called  "Pomlleuse". — 
(4)  One  day,  whilil  minding  sheep  Car  from  farm,  she  washes  in  brook,  and 
dresses  up  in  ciolhes  qui  at  bundle  which  she  always  carries  about  with  her. 
King's  son,  who  has  lost  his  way  out  bunting,  sees  her  from  afar.  Aware  of 
his  approach,  she  fiies.  Prince  runs  lAer  her,  catches  his  fool  in  (ree-rooi,  and 
falls.  Meanwhile  she  bis  disappeared,  doHcd  finery,  and  soiled  her  hands 
anew.  Prince  enters  brm-houte  for  draught  of  cider,  and  inquires  who  is  the 
lovely  lady  who  minds  the  sheep.  Everyone  kughs,  says  she  is  the  dirtiest 
creature  living,  and  always  called  Fouilleuse. — (5)  Me  suspects  some  enchant- 
meni ;  goes  home,  and  cannot  help  thinking  of  lovely  girl,  till  be  becomes 
quite  ill.  \le  dares  not  tell  parents  what  is  uniss,  fearing  to  be  leased,  and 
only  says  he  wants  to  eat  some  white  bread  made  by  the  girl  Pouilleuse, 
servant  at  such  a  farm. — (b)  King  sends  the  order  to  farm,  and  heroine  asks 
for  Hour,  water,  and  salt,  and  10  be  left  alone  in  little  room  near  oven,  where 
there  is  a  kneading-trough.  She  cleans  herself,  and  even  puts  on  hei  rings, 
one  of  which  falls  into  flour  whilst  she  is  miiing  the  paste.  When  she  has 
finished,  she  soils  face  sgain,  and  leaves  some  of  the  paste  slicking  to  her 
lingers.  The  loaf  is  taken  to  prince,  and,  on  cutting  it  open,  he  finds  ring,  and 
tells  parents  he  will  wed  anyone  who  can  wear  it.— (7)  Ladies  come  in  crowda 
to  try,  and  in  lime  every  girt  in  the  kingdom,  peasants  and  all ;  but  it  is  too 
small  for  everybody.  Then  king's  son  lemembers  that  Pouilleuse  has  not  tried. 
She  is  fetched,  and  appears  in  ner  usual  rag;,  but  with  cleaner  hands  than 
usiuJ.  Ring  goes  on  easily.  Prince  will  keep  his  promise,  but  parents  object 
to  his  marrying  shepherdess.  She  says  she  is  a  princess,  and  asks  for  water, 
and  to  be  left  alone  Cor  a  space.  She  reappears  as  a  princess,  is  reci^ised  by 
prince,  and  promises  to  marry  him  if  he  will  send  to  invite  her  fathir  to 
wedding. — (S)  Father,  rejoiced  to  hear  heroine  is  stilt  living,  arrives  with 
other  daughter.  By  bride's  ot'ier  father  is  only  served  with  bread  withoal 
salt  and  meat  not  seasoned.  He  makes  a  grimace,  and  heroine  asks  if  food  is 
not  to  his  taste.  I^le  replies  that  the  dishes  arechoice  enoagh,  but  unbearably 
iiuipid.  "  Didn't  1  tell  you,  father,  that  salt  is  the  most  lovable  thing  going  ? 
etc.,  etc"     King  embraces  her  Itnd  acknowledges  his  injustice. 

[Milf.—lo  an  nnpublished  story  called  "  Cendrouse",  which  M.  ScbiUot 
collected  at  Etci,  there  are  two  sisters  jealous  of  their  stepfather's  child. 
They  do  her  all  the  harm  they  can.  send  her  to  mind  cows,  and  give  her  next 
to  nothing  to  eaL  She  is  befriended  by  a  fury,  who  finishes  by  giving  her  a 
carriage,  obliined  as  in  Penault's  "  Cendrillon".  When  out  driving,  she 
meets  fiury  clad  as  a  beggar.  She  stops  her  carriage  for  the  b^gai  to  get  in, 
and  (he  biry,  delighted  with  the  hind  act,  marries  her  to  a  fine  gentleman.] 


CINDERELLA 


1196    Md.,  pp,  73-78.     (Told  in  1879  by  Pierre  Menard,  of  Saini-Cast, 
cabin-boy,  aged  13.) 

"Peau  d'Anette." 
(I)  Man'^  wife  dies,  and  he  wacCs  to  marry  his  daughter.  She  refuses.^ 
(2)  He  vrill  give  her  a  dresE  like  the  stars ;  no.  Like  the  sun  ;  no.  Like  the 
light ;  no.  Then  he  ofTers  to  buy  her  au  ornamented  chest,  and  she  consenB 
to  marry  him,  iniending  to  escape.  Sheputs  her  best  dresses  into  chest,  which 
follows  her  everywhere,  by  land  or  sea,  and  sets  out. — (3)  She  finds  a  flayed 
doskef,  and  puts  the  skin  over  her  clothes  ;  reaches  farm,  and  is  engaged  as 
goose-gitl.  Near  where  she  lakes  geese  there  is  hut  to  shelter  goose-herd 
when  it  rains.  Here  she  keeps  her  boi  of  dresses. — (4)  One  day  she  dresMS 
herself  up,  and  when  sod  of  the  house  comes  to  call  her  to  dinner,  he  sees 
Peau  d'Anette — for  so  she  is  called — dressed  in  her  finery.  He  falls  in  love 
with  her,  and  tells  mother  he  means  lo  marry  her.  Mother  says  he  shsU  not 
wed  a  girl  who  comes  goodness  knows  whence,  who  can  neither  spin,  nor 
knit,  nor  clean  rooms,  nor  cook.  Son  says  he  will,  and  perhaps  girl  is  more 
capable  than  she  thinks. — (5)  Heroine  is  sent  for  to  be  pul  lo  ihe  proof,  and  is 
[old  that  if  she  can  spin  the  low  in  her  room  she  shall  marry  son  of  the  house. 
When  alone,  heroine  weeps,  for  she  knows  not  how  to  work.  A  great  big 
woman,  with  immense  eyes,  comes  down  chimney,  and  offers  to  spin  for  her, 
and  asks  what  heroine  can  give  her  for  doing  it.  Heroine  offers  bowlful  of 
soup  brought  for  her  own  dinner,  having  ruiughl  else  to  give.  Old  woman 
does  not  want  that ;  it  wilt  be  enough  if  heroine  will  promise  lo  invite  her  to 
her  wedding.'  Heroine  pramtses  ;  tow  is  soon  yam,  and  all  is  span  by  the 
lime  son  of  Ihe  house  comes  to  fetch  heroine  to  sujipcr. — {6)  Next  da;  Uief 
give  her  wool  and  needles  10  knit  stockings.  A  big,  long-eared  woman  comes 
down  chimney,  and  will  do  the  knitting  if  heroine  will  promise  to  iavile  her 
lo  her  wedding.— (7)  Third  day  ibey  pul  heroine  in  a  room  lo  cook.  Old 
woman,  wilh  huge  leeth,  comes  down  chimney,  and  perfotma  task  for 
same  promise. — (8)  Next  day  she  has  to  sweep  the  rooms.  Man  with 
broom  hanging  on  behind  him  comes  down  chimney  and  sweeps  roomt  for 
her,  when  she  has  promised  to  invite  him  to  her  wedding.  Moibcr  is  uiislied 
wilh  heroine,  and  willing  for  son  to  marry  her, — (9)  On  wedding-day  heroine 
dons  fine  clothes,  and  calls,  "Madam  Big-Eyes,"  "Madam  Btg-Elan," 
"  Madsm  Big-Teeth,"  and  they  appear.  At  ihe  moment  of  silting  down  to 
table  heroine  remembers  she  has  not  called  the  good  man.  Just  then  he 
appears,  saying,   "It  is  high  time  you  called  me,  or  yon  would  never  have 


A 


Skatttgravertn,  ix,  p.  185-     No.  566.    (From  Jutland  ;  narrated   29! 
by  Mr.  T,  Kristcnscn,  a  country  teacher.) 

"  pRiNSKssEN  1  Hulen"  (The  Princess  ii 


(■}  A  king  lunied  Fintking  liu 
txnnitig  prince  woos  her,  but  goes 
his  comeDt  to  the  mBrriage.  Heioi 
and  Kcretlr  ihuti  hi 


with 


daoghler  nsnied  Usmalone.     A  neigh- 

war  with  her  falher,  becauw  he  tefuso 

's  father  hai  nn  underu""""'  house  made, 

maid  and  victual*  for  seven  years. — 


I 


1)  FiotkiDg  is  killed  in  the  war  and  hii  castle  burned  down  ;  but  heroine 
web  is  rescued  from  the  flanies,  and  prince  proclaims  that  he  will  wed  a 
woman  who  can  liniih  il-— (3)  Heroine  is  meanwhile  1 
catches  mice  to  eat,  and  at  last  scrapes  a  hole  in  the  earth  with  her  hands,  and 
gets  out.  Tier  dress  is  tided  and  in  rags.— (4)  She  sets  out  begging,  and 
comes  to  new  kbg's  caille,  where  she  finds  a  sorceiess  vainl;  trying  to  ftmA 
her  old  web.  Heroine  ofTeis  ro  help,  and  finithcs  the  web,  which  si 
then  lakes  to  the  prince.  Preparations  for  the  marriage  are  made.— (5)  On 
the  wedding  dap  the  sorceress  must  needs  stay  at  homi 
cannot  enter  a  diareh,"  and  heroine  takes  her  pince,  ondcr  orders  to  hold  her 
peace.    They  pass  a  nioiue.skia  which  heroine  bad  hung  in  a  tree,  and  she 

"'" 

"  Poor  mousey  grey, 

Yon  did  I  flay, 
Alack,  the  dayl" 
Passing  bet  filhet's  ruined  caslle,  she  says  ; 

"  All  now  seems  desolate  and  dead. 
Where  Tither,  Fintking,  ale  while  bread." 

Passing  a  dog,  which  viopi  the  horses,  she  says:  "Be  quieL  My  father 
Pintking  gave  ytm  bread  on  purpose  that  you  should  let  his  daughter  go  10 
chatch  to-day  to  be  roamed"  [rhyme  rorgotleo].  The  chnrch-<ioor  a 
opened;  heroine  says;  "Open,  door!  Finlking,  my  lather,  had  yon  hung, 
all  because  his  daughter  is  going  lo  church  to  be  married  this  day"  [rhyme 
forgotten].  Prince  asks  what  this  means,  bat  gets  no  aiuwer.  Door  Hie* 
open,  and  after  Ihej  are  married  prince  gives  heroine  a  glove,  bidding  her 
give  it  to  none  but  himself.— (6)  Afterwards  the  sorceress  and  heroine  eichange 
dresses.  Prince  goa  lo  bed  ;  forbids  bride  to  undress  till  she  has  told  him 
Ihe  wotds  she  said  to  mouse-skin,  to  caslte,  etc  Each  time  she  go^  '^^ 
thumps  heroine  till  she  leaches  her  the  wocds. — (7)  Then  prince  demands 
ihe  glove.  Heroine  will  not  give  it  ap,  bnt  consents  at  length  to  enter  the 
dark  bed-chamber  and  stretch  out  her  hand.  Prince  holds  her  fast.— (S) 
Sorceress  is  pot  into  a  barrel  stuck  wilh  nails,  and  dragged  by  seven  wild 
hones  over  hill*  and  doles. 


C1NDEREL1„\    VARIANTS. 


(^00  Skaltegraver<n,  xi,  p.  213.  No.  580.  (Jutland.  Written  down 
by  a  poor  hunchbacked  seamstress,  Karen  Marie  Rnsmussen, 
personally  known  to  Rev.  H.  F.  Feilberg.) 


(i)  Heroine! 


'  Den  1.ILLE  Sko"  (The  little  Shoe). 

d  b;  slepmoiliCT,  who  lias  Iwo  ilaughters  of  lir 


She  is  not  allowed  I 
Hceping  to  the  pond. — (j)  A  large  eel  puis  u; 
cries,  then  comrorls  her,  and  promises  to  lake 
at>seiice,  ind  gives  her  a  splendid  dress.  She  □ 
before  anyone  else,  and  never  look  behind  her. 


started,  goes 

hcnd  and  asl^  why  she 

of  the  house  during  her 

be  sure  and  leave  church 

all  happens  Ibrei 


days,^ — (3)  A  gentlenun  follows  her,  and  on  ihe  third  Sunday  treada  01 
shoe,  which  she  loses,  and  she  tuns  crying  home.  Eel  comforts  her,  and  say* 
she  is  lobe  a  fine  lady  ;  but  10  make  her  happiness  compleleshemust  every  year 
have  four  bushels  of  sail  thrown  into  the  eel-pond. — (4)  The  gentleman  comes 
in  his  carriage  to  seek  Ihe  owner  of  Ihe  shoe.  Slcpsislere  cut  heel  and  loe  \ 
but  a  parrot  in  a  cage  shrieks  out,  "  Cut  heel  and  toe  I  ihe  girl  who  has  lost 
the  shoe  is  in  the  kitchen."  Heioine  is  found,  and  Ihe  shoe  lils  her. — 
(5)  Gentleman  goes  away,  promising  lo  return  in  a  year  for  his  bride,  who  in 
ihe  meanlime  must  not  work,  but  sit  decking  herself  for  his  coming.  He 
eomes  and  marries  her,  and  lakes  bcr  to  his  beautifnl  castle,  where  she  is  too 
well  off  to  give  a  thoughl  lo  the  eel.— (6)  Stepmother  is  with  heroine  when 
child  is  bom.  and  after  cutliug  off  lis  litlle  linger,  throws  the  child  into  the 
pond.  She  does  this  alio  with  heroine's  second  and  third  children. — 
(7)  Heroine  walks  to  the  pond  and  cries  most  pitifully,  till  the  eel  at  last 
comes.  He  is  angry,  bul  is  reconciled  on  getting  twelve  bu«hels  of  salt  M 
once.  Presently  eel  returns  with  heroine's  three  children,  each  with  little 
finger  missing.     Stepmother  b  put  into  a  cask  wiih  spikes  and  driven  to  death.    , 


la  Society  de  Litt^ralure  Finnoise.     Helsingsfors.     MS.  Collec- 
tions.     By  Kaarle  Krohn.      No.   6014.      (From    Suojiirvi  in 
Carelia.     Narrated  in  1884  by  a  middle-aged  woman.)^ 
(I)  An  old  man  and  an  old  woman  have  a  daughter.    Man  coes  into  ihc 
forest ;  woman  goes   10   the   shore  with  daughier  to  wash   clothes.     The 
Syiijii'gr  (the  Ogress)  calls  from  a  longue  of  land,  "  Hi,  woman  !  fetch  me 
over."     "  There  is  no  boat  on  the  sliorc."     She  runs  to  a  second  tongue  of 
land,  and  calls  out  in  same  words  ;  receives  the  same  answer.    Similarly  she 
calls  from  a  third  tongue  of  land.     Woman  replies  Ihnl  there  is  no  boat  at    , 
hand.     "  Hand  over  a  lowel."     Woman  says  ihere  is  not  one,     "  Hand  o 
a  girdle."    There   is  not  one.     "Then   throw   me  over  »  shirt  with  long  I 


50C.    DE   LITT.    FINN. — MS.    I 

tl«ev«t."  She  docs  so.  The  Syujillac  and  hur  d>ut>liLc[  come  across  on  Ihe 
thirt  (they  ure  a  light  folk).  "  Either  spil  in  my  hand,  you  whoie,  and 
become  a  leindeer,  or  pus  between  my  legs  and  become  a  Bheep.'*  Woman 
does  tlic  latlcT,  and  lums  into  a  sheep.— (z)  The  Syajatar  jjoet  into  the 
house.  The  man  letums  in  the  evening,  and  she  poses  as  his  wile.  "  I  say, 
husband,  I  have  got  a  iheep."  "Rtally?  that  is  nice."  "Where  shall  I 
keep  it?'  "On  Ihe  oven."  She  puis  it  there.  The  man  goea  into  Ihe 
forest.  The  Sypjiljir  rem»ins  al  home.— (3)  Heroine  weeps  on  the  neck  of 
the  sheep.  "  What  will  become  of  me,  little  mother,  now  you  ore  a  (heep  }" 
"What  God  will."  The  man  returns  in  the  evening.  "Do  you  hear, 
husband  ?  Vou  must  siay  the  sheep  ;  it  bleats  so  much,  my  ears  cannot  stand 
il."  He  says,  "Take  it  into  the  stable."  Shedoesso.  Again  heroine  goes 
and  weeps  on  sheep's  neck.  The  Sjnjiitdr  is  aware  of  this,  and  says  lo  the 
man  that  be  really  must  kilt  the  sheep  ;  it  bleats  so  much  that  her  ears  cannot 
stand  it.  "  Oh,  let  it  alone  1"  he  says,  and  again  goes  to  the  forest.  Heroine 
wecpi  on  sheep  s  neck,  and  that  evening  the  man  is  again  urged  to  slay  it. 
"  If  you  won't  kill  il  1  shall  kill  it  myself."  Man  says  he  will. — (4)  Heroine 
says  to  sheep,  "  What  will  become  of  me,  little  mother,  when  you  are  slain  ? 
The  Syojiiiar  has  ordered  for  you  to  be  killed,  and  father  is  sharpening  his 
knife."  "  Don't  weep,  little  daughter  ;  when  your  father  comes  lo  slay  me, 
ask  10  be  allowed  lo  hold  the  light :  take  with  you  a  clean  rag,  and  when  my 
head  is  cut  off  catch  the  liisl  three  diopi  of  blood' in  the  rag,  and  lay  it  on  the 
crosS'beam  of  the  door."  Heroine  does  as  bidden.  The  Syojalar  objects  to 
her  bebg  allowed  to  hold  the  'light,  but  father  takes  her  with  him.  Three 
beautifiil  birch-trees  grow  from  the  three  drops  of  blood. — (5)  Next  morning 
the  SjcVjaliir  wakes  Ihe  man,  and  says,  "Listen,  husband;  the  magpie  is 
laughing.  The  Ciar's  son  invites  to  a  banquet.  Arc  you  going,  or  shall  1?" 
"  As  far  OS  I  am  concerned  you  may  go  ;  I'm  going  into  the  forest."  When 
he  baa  started  she  gels  her  daughter  ready  for  the  banquet,  and  says  to 
heroine  whilst  she  smashes  the  oven  and  mixes  three  sorts  of  grain  in  the 
ashes,  "Just  yon  see,  you  whore,  that  these  grains  are  separated  from  the 
ashes,  and  that  an  oven  much  better  than  the  last  is  in  place  by  the  time  I  get 
back."  Then  she  goes  with  daughter  to  the  festival.  Heroine  clasps  the 
birch-tree,  weeping  ;  she  melts  into  water  with  weeping.  "  What  shall  I  do 
now,  little  mother  7"  and  she  tells  of  her  task.  "  Don't  cry,  little  daughter. 
Take  a  three-yearnild  twig,  and  strike  three  times  crosswise,  and  say,  '  The 
grain  apart,  the  ashes  apart,  and  a  better  oven  than  bcrore.' " — (6)  She  does 
BO,  and  then  weeps  again  nt  the  birch-tree.  The  birch-lree  asks  why,  "Wh«t 
■hall  I  do  now,  little  mother  7'  "  Don't  cry.  Wash  yourself  on  my  left  side, 
and  dress  yourself  on  my  right  side  ;  ihco  go  lo  the  green  meadow,  into  the 
open  held,  and  whistle.  A  horse  will  come,  partly  gold  and  partly  silver, 
and  the  third  colour  is  unrecognisable  and  inconceivable."  Heroine  does  as 
bidden,  aiul  rides  on  the  horse,  who  asks,  "  Whither  shall  t  go?"     "To  Ihe 


jSo  CINDERELLA 

of  bread  for  the  horse,  and,  giving  his  arm,  conducts  her  to  the  uppet  3 
the  table.    She  looks  indeseribibly  lovely.— (7)  After  the  soup  Ihe  Cm 
begins  to  carve  the  joints.     Heroine  says,  "  Give  me  a  bone,  Ivan  Tsnti 
"You  shall  have  meat."     "The  best  ine»l  is  on  the  bone."     He  has  not   j 
time  to  give  her  a  bone,  so  she  helps  herself  to  one.    She  has  noticed  how   | 
the  Sjiijtitar  has  been  squatting  like  a  cat  under  the  table,  and  her  daughter  in 
>  comer  of  the  room.    She  flings  the  bone  towards  the  door,  and  hits  the 
daughter,  breaking  her  foot.     Afttz  the  feast  heroine  prepares  to  leave  — 
(Sj  Char's  son  smears  the  cross.beam  at  the  upper  part  of  the  door  with  tar, 
and  ber  hat  remains  sticking  fast  to  it.     She  does  not  concern  about  it,  having   I 
a  second  hat  at  home.    Ciai's  son  follows  her  out.  and  brings  h 
her.     She  rides  off  to  the  green  meadow,  to  the  open  Geld,  leaves  the  hor»e 
standing  there,  goes  home,  dresses,  and  lays  herself  to  steep  in  the  ashes. — 
(9)  The  others  return.    "Ah,  Cinderella!  you  sleep  here  in  the  ashes,"  sifS 
the  Syojaiar,  "  and  don't  go  to  the  bantjuct.    My  daughter  was  playing  up  in 
the  loft  of  whalebone'  with  ibe  Ciar's  son,  and  received  a  foot-favour  {Fust- 
Vergniigen),     "  Indeed  !     I  wish  her  joy  of  it.     If  you  like  having  it,  yon 
like  to  boast  of  it."     "There  was  another  beautiful  girl  there,  but  whoever 
she  was  the  Ciar's  son  didn't  give  her  ■  single  look,  but  only  played  with  injr 
daughter."   "  Perhaps  that  was  I."    "  Yim .'  hold  your  tongue,  and  don't  talk 
nonsense !"     In  the  evening,  when  man  returns,  the  Syojiilar  tetls  him  how 
her  daughter  was  playing  on  the  whalebone  loft  with  Cur's  son,  etc.     He 
mokes  the  fsame  comment  as  did  heroine.— [10)  Neict  morning  the  Syojatar 
runs  out  into  the  yard  to  inspect,  then  wakes  the  man.     This  time  she  mixes 
six  sort!  of  grain  in  the  ashes,  after  smashing  the  oven.    The  birch-tree  telti  | 
heroine  10  gel  a  sii-year-old  twig,  and  six  times  to  strike  crosswise  wi 
_(tl]  The  Czar's  son  meets  her  with  a  bucket  of  oats  for  the  horse.  ~(I2)  lit   | 
smears  the  door-handle  with  tar,  and  heroine'i  glove  is  led  slicking  to  it. —  I 
(I3J  The  Syoj.itar  boasts  about  her  daughter,  whose  hand  is  broken,  having   ' 
received  a  hand-favour.— (14)  Third  day  she  mixes  nine  sorts  of  grain  in  the 
ashes.     Birch  bids  heroine  strike  nine  times  crosswise  with  nine-jfear-old  twig, 

— (15)  Czai's  son  meets  her  with  a  bucket  of  wheat  for  the  horse (16)  He 

tars  the  threshold,  and  heroine  loses  a  shoe. — (17)  Syojatat's  daughter, 
having  lost  an  eye,  boasts  ot  eye-favour.— (18)  Ciar's  son  announces  that  he 
will  wed  whomsoever  hat,  glove,  and  shoe  fit.  All  go  to  the  assembling  to 
try,  but  Cinderella  is  sent  off  with  a  sheaf  of  oats  to  (end  cattle.  The  trial 
has  lasted  for  two  days,  but  no  one  can  wear  the  thinga  ;  they  are  either  too 
large  or  too  small.  There  is  to  be  a  third  day's  trial.  The  Syoja'ar  bammerg 
and  hammers  her  daughter's  head,  snips  her  fingers,  slices  her  foot,  till  hat, 
glove,  and  shoe  go  on.  Ciat's  son  begins  to  luc  having  called  the  assembly 
together,  but  must  of  course  keep  his  word.— (19)  He  goes  to  the  wedding  by 
boat,  with  two  servants  to  row  and  one  to  steer,  whilst  he  sits  in  the  middle  of 
the  boat  with  the  bride.    The  Sytijatar  counsels  her  at  storting  to  give 


'  Mr.  Koarle  Krohn  furnishes  the  following  explanation  :  l/angt-ivdm 
fitehbtin  =  tin  ttodin  ( DitU)  viiUktr  ohm  in  drr  SMe  idngl. 


J^ 


1 


SOC.    DE   LITT.    FINN. — M5. 


10  VS. 


o  »ny  shepherds'  tongs, 
ng.    Tliey  row  on  and 


iccouDt  lo  Stop  Tor  Ihem,  bnt  to  keep  o: 
md  on.     Heroine  sings  on  a  u>ngue  of  land  : 

Lo  '.  (he  noble  youth,  Ihe  C;^t's  ion. 
Has  a  snipped  fool  lo  lead  home  ; 
In  the  boat  a  scraped  finger, 
And  a  head  thai  has  been  hammered." 


She  si 


s  iht  . 


le  from  a  second  p 


Crais 


asks.  "What  ii 


1  promontory. 

that  shepherdess  singing  ?  she  is  singing  nothing  good."  After  hearing  ber 
Erora  a  third  promontory  he  makes  same  remark.  Then  he  takes  off  the 
bride's  glove ;  it  is  full  of  blood ;  likewise  the  shoe  and  the  hat, — (20)  He 
throws  her  into  a  little  brook,  and  tries  the  ihingt  on  heroine,  whom  they  fit 
as  though  made  for  her.  He  sees,  too,  that  she  carries  a  sheaf  of  oats,  the 
badge  of  a  shepherdess.  So  be  marries  her.^(zi)  >Ieroine  bears  2  child. 
Hearing  of  this,  the  5)')jitlar  sets  out  10  visit  her.  Sbe  comes  to  the  spot 
where  her  daughter  is  lying  in  brook,  A  beaotiful  reed  is  growing  there.  She 
is  about  to  pull  it  up,  thinking,  "  That  will  do  for  little  Ivan  Thalmoinen  to 
play  with."  The  plant  shrieks  out,  "Little  mother,  don't  tear  my  heart- 
strings." "  Is  that  really  yon  ?"  The  Sydjalar  digs  out  a  formless  mass, 
already  rotting,  and  takes  the  cripple  to  the  bath-room.  Then  she  goes  to 
heroine's  room  as  though  she  were  her  mother,  and  says,  "  They  ought  to 
heat  a  balb  for  the  invalid."  Czar's  son  says,  "  In  the  house  of  the  Czar's 
son  there  are  plenty  to  do  the  healing  without  you."  "  No  doubt ;  but  let  roe 
do  it  now  that  I  am  here."  Sbe  heats  the  bath-room,  and  heroine  takes  her 
balb.  When  the  room  is  hot  the  Syojaiar  restores  the  shapeless  cripple. 
Heroine  catches  sight  of  her. — (12)  The  Sybjiiiir  then  says  to  heroine, 
"  Either  spit  in  my  band,  you  whore,  and  become  a  reindeer,  or  pass  through 
between  my  legs,  and  become  a  sheep."  Heroine  recalls  how  her  mother 
was  changed  to  sbcep,  and  prefers  to  become  reindeer.  She  is  transformed, 
and  runs  off.  The  Sybjiiliit  softens  crippled  daughter,  moulds  bei  nose  and 
breast,  and  places  her  in  heroine's  stead  in  comer  of  the  room.  But  the 
starved  baby  cries,  and  cries  unceasingly. — (13)  The  shepherd  of  the  Ciai's 
son  makes  a  lire  in  the  forest.  A  herd  of  remdeer  speeds  by,  followed  by  a 
second  and  a  third  herd.  Behind  the  third  runs  one  solitary  reindeer.  The 
others  begin  graiing  ;  the  last  reindeer  comes  up  to  the  shepherd  by  the  fire, 
and  asks,  "  Is  my  Ultlc  Ivan  Thalmoinen  always  crying  ?"  Shepherd  says, 
"The  child  cries  at  nighL"  "  Bring  it  here  to-morrow  ;  I  will  sackle  my 
Ivan  Thalmoinen."  Shepherd  fears  they  will  not  give  the  child  to  him. 
"  Say,  give  me  the  child  that  it  may  bear  the  leaves  rustling  and  the  shepherd 
Hnging." — (24)  Next  day  shepherd  asks  to  take  child.  They  would  know 
why.  "That  he  may  hear  the  leaves  rustling  and  the  shepherd  smging ; 
perhaps  he  will  sleep  the  belter  to-night."  He  carries  child  10  forest,  kindles 
a  Gre,  and  begios  to  blow  his  bom.  Again  the  three  herds  of  reindeer  pass 
by.    The  last  reindeer  sees  Ihc  child,  and  begins  to  weep.    It  lays  its  coverings 


:.stump,  and  comes  and  suckles  the  child.     But  the 


mother  herself  weeps — weeps  bitterly — then  says  to  shepherd,   "  Bring  the 


38= 


CINDEKELLA    \ 


aflec  that  the  reindeer  faic  to  other  lands,  and  I   must  follow  tbem. 
monov  I  shall  again  behold  mj  little  Iviin  Tbnlmointn.     Bat  <roa,  betray  me 
nol  lo  Ivan  Tiimvit'.*'     In  the  evening  the  shepheni  carrie*  the  child  hime, 
and  it  sleeps  all  night  long  without  crjing  or  ma.king  a  sound. — (15)  Next 
morning  Czar's  son  aslcs  shepherd  how  the  child  slept  after  being  taken  to  the 
wood.     The  shepherd  says,  "If  you  will  tell  no  one,  I  will  tell  you."     lie 
promises.     "  Vour  wife  is  going  about  as  a  reindeer  ;  you  are  harbouring  the 
Sybjaiai's  daughter.     Naturally  the  child  slept  sound,  because  its  mother  hod 
suckled  it."      "  How  may  I  get  my  wife  back  ?"      "  She  lays  her  coverings  on 
1  stone  and  Iree-slurap  ;  if  you  can  get  hold  of  these,  you  will  get  herself  too." 
Shepherd  takes  chiM  lo  forest. — (26)  Ciar's  son  goes  lo   an  old  widow  and 
relates  what  he  has  heard.     She  advises  him  to  take  two  servant!  with  him 
lo  carry  two  heaps  of  live  coal.      "  Throw  the  clothing  on  the  burning  heapt  j 
without  it  she  cannot  run  away."— [27)  He  follows  her  counsel,  and  joins  the 
shepherd,  who  has  lit  a  fire  and  is  blowing  his  horn.     As  before,  the  herds  of    ] 
reindeer  appear,  and  the  last  reindeer  comes  and  suckles  child.     The  young 
mother  melts  into  tears.     "Now  we  must  away  to  forngn  lands."    Ciar's  son 
easts  the  clothing  on  the  burning  heaps,  and  it  is  consamed.     The  young  wife 
weeps  and  weeps  on  the  skirts  of  the  wood  ;  he  sobs  also.    She  asks,  "  What 
is  this  smel!  of  burning?"    Shepherd  answers,   "The  Ciar's  son  must  be 
roasting  swine  to-day.'     "But  what  is  that  sound  like  sobbing?"     "The   I 
pigs  cry  out  at  being  roasted."      The  reindeer  begin  to  run  ofT;  the  yoong    ■ 
mother  prepares  lo  follow  Ihem.     She  clasps  her  child  and  sobs,  "I  shall  s 
my  Ivan  Thalmoinen  nevermore."    She  bids  farewell  to  shepherd.     "  We  shall 
never  see  each  other  ^ain,"    She  goes  to  fetch  her  cinihing,  but  cannot  iind 
it.— (28)  Ciar's  son  springs  forward  and  clasps  her  neck.     "  Now  I  have  you 
tight."     "  Ah,   yes  1  but  set   me  free."     "  Come  home."     "  Nay,  husband 
dear,  I  cannot.     My  mother,  as  a  sheep,  was  slain  ;  I  was  turned  into  a  rein- 
deer ;  if  1  come  home  now  I  shall  be  killed."      "  Not  so  .  .   ,  lo  others  death 
is  more  nigh.     Doty  come  home,"    She  is  persuaded. — (29)  Ciar's  sor 
bath-room  healed,  a  pit  dog  therein,  and  filled  with  tor  and  fire.     Red  cloth  U  J 
spread  the  whole  way  thither,  also  on  the  bath-room  iloor.    He  conduct 
false  wife  and  the  mother-in-law  lo  the  bath-room,  the  latter  in  front,  the  false  I 
wife  behind  on  bis  arm.     Mother-in-law  says,  *■  Ynu  have  had  red  ciolh  put  I 
down:  we  should  have  been  quite  content  wilhoul."     "There  is  enough  for  I 
your  lifetime."     Molhcr-in-law  eaters  bath-room  and  falls  into  Ihe  flaming  1 
pit.    The   false  wife  would  draw   back.    The    Ciar's   son  pushes  he 
"  Follow  your  mother  1"  and  he  fastens  the  door  with  >  bolt,  and  lets  Ihe  I 
whole  baih-room  bum.     Ife  takes  bis  inie  wife  bach,  and  they  live  happily  I 
together. 


|102    fitd.    MS.  Collections.      By  Kaarle  Krohn,  No.  6371.     {Fro 

Himola,  in  Olonet/.     Narrated  in  1884  bya  woman  aged  fifty.)  J 

(1)  An  old  man  and  his  wife  have  a  daughter.     Old  man  goes  off  to  tbe    j 
forest,  and  the  old  woman,  intending  llight,  says  to  daughter,  "  Say,  '  1 


I 


I 


soc.  HE  urr.  finv. — ms.  collections.  383 

went  north'CAii,' "  and  then  sheitirli  lonirdi  south.  The  S^ujaiai:  (U^teu) 
comes  tfi  the  houie  and  ulu  di,ughler,  "  Which  way  did  your  mother  gu,  you 
whore?"  "  Moihrr  iireninarth'eut."  She  goes  north-eui,  ind  leeks  her  all 
day  in  rain.  Neit  diy  molhet  ^pm  diuglileT  Ihe  tame  itiEtruclions.  The 
Syiijiur  goes  tiorlh-eas',  and  seeks  all  day  in  vain.  The  ihird  day  mother 
givei  lave  inslruclions. — (t)  The  Sfijaliir  no  longer  believex  daughter,  bul 
gijes  in  contrary  directioOi  tinds  mother  in  Itie  forestj  transfomis  her  inio  a 
theep,  and  brings  her  home.  The  old  mia  retartu  from  forest ;  the  Synjular 
lakci  place  of  hil  wife,  and  says,  "  Hiu^brnd  dear,  kill  ihe  sheep  ;  our 
daughter  cries  over  that  sheep;  I  hear  her  crying  perpelually. "  Father 
determines  to  stay  sheep.— (3)  Daughter  puts  her  arm  round  iheep'i  neck. 
Sheep  says,  "I  shall  be  slain;  but  don't  you  eat  any  of  my  flesh,  or  any  of 
rhe  hralh,  hut  collect  all  remains  and  lay  them  under  the  threshold  of  the 
stable."  She  does  so,  and  an  enormous  great  on  grows  up. — (4)  She  hangi  on 
the  ox's  neck  and  (alls  to  crying  again.  The  Syiijatar  urges  the  old  man  to 
sUy  the  ox  also.  The  01  says  to  the  girl,  "  I  am  to  be  slain  ;  collect  all  my 
liones  and  all  the  blood,  and  place  ihem  under  the  window  in  a  silk  kerchief." 
Girl  does  as  bidden.  She  reaches  maidenhood.  A  beautiful  leafy  birch-tree 
grows  up  in  ihe  courtyard. — (5)  The  Ciar  gives  a  bonqucl.  The  Syojalar 
has  ivo  daughters  of  her  own,  and  ihey  begin  washing  their  laces  ready  for 
these  fe»ti»ilie»  long  beforehand.  When  they  set  out  they  smash  the  oven. 
The  Syoji'ar  says  to  heroine,  "  Mend  Ihe  oven  by  the  time  we  are  back,"  and 
seti  nut  with  her  daughters  in  a  wooden  conveyance  which  lorikt  like  a  (brick- 
layer's) trough  for  holding  clay.  Cinderella  lakes  a  twig  from  the  birch-tree, 
and  thrice  strikes  the  oven  crosswise  with  it.  The  oven  is  mended,  and  she 
sets  out  10  the  banquet  after  the  others. — (6)  The  Syojatar  and  her  daughters 
meet  a  sheep  with  shears  on  its  back,  atking  to  have  its  wool  shorn.  They 
refuse.  They  meet  a  cow  with  milk-pail  on  its  hoins,  and  refuse  to  milk  it. 
Ad  old  man  with  a  slick  in  his  hand  asks  them  10  wash  him.  They  decline  to 
touch  him,  as  they  are  on  their  way  to  Ihe  festival. — (7I  Cinderella  meets  the 
same  1  tbears  the  sheep,  milks  the  cow,  and  washes  the  old  man.  lie  gives 
het  his  slick,  saying,  "  When  you  come  to  a  stone  in  the  road  hit  it,  with 
these  words:  '  Siinniiritiit  iuuriii  fiuriiit  ilamfiera /oiAiie  lanintcUi^hle), 
for  nie  lo  sit  upon,  to  travel  under  me.' "— (S)  She  does  as  directed,  and  gets  a 
hutse  and  clothes.  The  horse  ii  iricoloured — the  first  gold,  the  second  silver, 
the  third  is  inestimable.  Heroine  rides  to  the  Ciar's  bftoquet.  The  Crar's  son 
lies  the  horse  to  a  ring,  and  throws  him  some  groats.  The  reosting  begins, 
and  all  manner  of  amusemeots  ore  set  going.  Heroine  throws  a  bone  at  the 
S}6jiititr  during  Ihe  meal,  and  it  breaks  her  teg.  Heroine  rides  home,  doHs 
her  Hoc  clothes,  and  sits  by  the  oven  as  Cinderella.  Slie  asks  the  Syojalar  on 
her  return  what  happened  at  the  Ciar's  banquet.  "  Everything  delinhlfuL  1 
teceived  a  foot-favour."  "  Indeed  1  Much  good  may  it  do  you  I"  "Ah, 
you  only  play  with  fleas  and  count  bogs."— (9)  When  ihe  Sjujaiar  lakes  her 
daughter*  lo  the  wcood  banquet  the  mites  barley  and  oats  together  to  detain 
heroine  Over  sortbg  them.  Hut  heroine  takes  a  twig  from  the  birch-tree, 
and  thrice  strikes  Ihe  threshold  crosswise,  saying,  "  Uottey  in  one  iwt  (dish 
made  of  tutdi-batk},  o«t*  in  the  other."     And  so  il  happen*. — (10)  She  take* 


3S4  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

her  slick  and  strike  the  %toae,  saying  xame  words  as  berorc,  and 
splendid  horse  and  still  iiner  clothes.  Cibt'e  son  receives  her,  and  gives  oati 
— not  groats — to  her  horse,  the  better  to  refresh  it  after  its  fatigue.  During 
the  banquet  heroine  throws  a  bone  at  the  SyojalSr,  and  breaks  her  hand. 
When  they  return  home  the  latter  says  she  had  a  hand-favour. — (11)  TTie 
third  time  the  Syijjatar  miies  barley  and  ashes  logether,  in  the  hope  that 
heroine  will  not  be  able  to  separate  them  before  she  is  home  again.  Heroine 
again  takes  a  twig  from  birch-tree,  and  says,  "  The  ashes  in  the  hearth,  Che 
barley  in  the  birch-bark  dish."— (11)  When  she  arrives  at  the  royal  court  the 
Ciar's  son  uives  nothing  to  the  horse,  but  leaves  11  standing  there.  During 
the  banquet  heioine  throws  bone  at  the  Sybjiilar,  who  loses  her  eye.  The 
Czar's  SOD  smears  tar  over  the  cross-beams  of  tbc  doorway,  over  the  door- 
handle, and  over  the  threshold.  When  heroine  goes  through  the  door  her 
hat  remains  slicking  fast  to  the  cross-beams,  her  ring  10  the  handle,  her  shoe 
to  the  threshold.  Disregarding  this,  she  hurries  home  and  sits  by  the  oven. 
This  time  she  has  no  lime  to  doff  her  fine  clothes.  The  Syojalar  returns 
with  her  daughters,  and  says  she  received  an  eye-favour.- — (13)  The  Ciar'i  ion 
sets  out  with  the  hat,  the  ring,  and  the  shoe ;  whomsoever  they  fit  he  will 
make  his  wife.  The  Syojalar  tries  in  vain  to  get  them  on  her  daughleis. 
She  cuts  their  lingers  with  a  knife,  and  also  their  feet,  and  pares  their  heads. 
It  is  no  use.  The  Gear's  son  wants  the  stepdaughter  to  be  fetched  from  the 
oven.  The  Syojiitar  declares  it  would  be  useless  trouble  ;  she  only  plays  with 
fleas  and  counts  bugs.  Czar's  son  insbts  on  trying  her.  lie  puts  the  ring, 
the  ihoe,  and  the  hat  on  her,  and  they  all  fit  perfectly, — I14I  lie  Likes  her  to 
wife.  The  daughters  of  the  Syojalar  accompany  them.  On  the  way  the 
Syujiitiir  makes  her  own  daughter  change  places  with  heroine,  whom  ihe 
leaves  in  a  thickeL— (15)  A  shepherd  sees  all,  and  begins  to  call  out : 
"  Mewn  Ihe  head  that  now  is  taken, 

Id  the  boat  a  chopped  finger. 

Home  a  chiselled  foot  is  carried." 

Ciai's  son  ask;,  "  What  does  tiie  shepherd  say?"  The  false  bride  answers, 
"Ob,  nothing  1  Me  has  nothing  lo  say,"  At  another  tongue  of  land  the  ! 
shepherd  calls  out  «  second  time,  and  then  runs  Id  a  third  tongue  of  land  t 
call  out  again.  Chat's  son,  disr^arding  this,  takes  his  bride  home  ;  but 
when  he  arrives  he  notices  that  she  is  not  his  own  wife, — (16)  lie  has  a  bath- 
room heated,  and  a  pit  of  lar  dug  under  the  threshold.  The  false  bride  is  cast 
into  the  fiery  pit,  and  the  true  bride  is  fetched  from  her  hiding-place. 


n 


|103    /'''/'/-     MS.  Collections,      By  J.  V.  Murman,     No.  VI.      (From   j 
Sodankyla  in  OsCrobothnia,  1854.     By  word  of  mouth.) 

"TnE  Beggar's  D.\uchter  who  was  housed  ♦■kke." 


(I)  Three  lUten 
king,  who  seeks  1 


have  wB&bed  thdr  hands  for  three  years  to  gi 

wife.     A  beggar's  daughter  »  also  on  her  way  10  kingf* 


mai^k 


SOC.    DE    UTT.    FINN. — MS.   ■ 


court.     Ae  the  three  ti 


e  walking  bIooi;,  b  sheep  meets  ihem  and  uyt : 


"Shear  roe,  and  you  thall  have  wool  as  reward." 
hten  washing  our  handi  for  ihrce  years  that  we  might  become  queens." 
Sheep  tays  tame  thi'iy  when  it  meets  beggar's  daughter,  and  she  shears  it  — 
(a)  Tbree  sisters  on  ahead  meet  cow,  which  says:  "Milk  me;  you  shall 
have  milk  as  reward."  They  refute  with  same  excuse.  Beggai-girl  milks 
cow. — (J)  A  little  further,  three  sisters  pass  old  man  lying  by  the  roadside, 
who  5«y«  :  "  Girls,  help  me  up  i  you  shall  have  my  sliclt  as  reward."  "  We 
have  be«n  washing  our  hands  for  three  years  to  go  to  court ;  wc  can't  think 
of  pulling  you  out  of  such  mud  ',"  Beggar-girl  comes  along  and  helps  him 
out.  He  rewards  her  with  stick,  saying,  '*Go  to  rock  near  king'ii  palace, 
strike  il  with  ihis  stick,  and  you  will  lind  inside  anything  you  want." — (4) 
Heroine  arrives  first  at  palace,  and  asks  to  be  engaged  as  servaiil-  She  has 
to  mind  the  poultry.— (5)  On  Sunday  young  king  goes  to  church;  so  do 
three  sisleri,  o/ter  having  thrown  peas  amongst  the  ashes  of  the  stove,  and 
told  poullry-maid  10  pick  them  out.  She  has  soon  finished  task,  goes  and 
iltikes  lock,  and  has  splendid  sight.  She  dons  some  fine  clothes  and  goes  to 
chuccb.  Iving  sees  a  charming  girl,  but  the  leaves  Just  before  tbe  rest,  and 
he  canool  tind  her.  Three  sisters  return,  and  talk  about  the  charming  girl, 
who  is  pri'bably  a  king's  daughter — she  is  so  beaatiful;  poultry- moid  pretends 
10  be  sorry  not  to  have  seen  her.  "  Poor  crtaluie !  What  could  you  have  done 
ibete  ?" — (6)  Next  Sunday  king  goes  with  ihieeaisleis  lochurcli  ;  poultry-moid 
bos  lo  stay  at  home  and  sort  peas  from  the  a>hci.  She  d(tos  as  before,  and 
appeals  at  church  In  dress  "  almost  like  silver".  King  foUows  after  her,  but 
delays  lo  pick  up  the  gold  pieces  which  she  scatters.  She  letuins  dress  to 
rock  and  reaches  court  before  the  others.  Evetyone  it  talking  ol  this 
wonderful  beauty.  "I  am  unlucky  not  to  have  seen  her!"  says  heroine- 
'•  Yon,  poor  creature  I  What  could  you  do  in  church ?"^7)  All  happens 
the  same  third  Sunday-  Heroine's  dress  shines  tike  gold.  The  king  follows 
her  from  church  i  she  lets  a  shoe  drop  ofl,  and  escapes  whilst  he  stops  lo 
pick  it  up.  She  returns  clothes  lo  rock,  and  in  her  rags  goes  and  lies  down 
on  the  hen-coop.  Three  sisters  come  and  tease  her  as  before. — (8)  King 
would  find  owner  of  shoe,  and  proclaims  that  the  woman  whom  shoe  fits 
shall  be  queen.  All  the  girls  in  the  kingdom  come  to  court,  but  none  can 
wear  shoe.  Then  three  sisters  try  in  vaiu  lo  squeeze  their  feet  into  it.  King 
lememlieis  that  poultry-maid  has  not  tried,  has  her  Fetched,  and  the  shoe  fits 
her  perfectly.  Then  for  the  first  time  he  notices  how  beautiful  she  is,  and 
orders  preparations  for  weddmg,— (9)  A  royal  wedding-robe  is  to  be  made 
for  poullty-maid,  but  she  says  she  can  get  a  better  one  herself.  On  wedding- 
day  she  goes  10  ruck,  lakes  same  clothes  she  woie  tost  time  at  church, 
a  carriage,  horses,  and  servants,  and  goes  lo  court.  Everyone  is  charmed. 
Kmg  lecugnises  giil  be  saw  in  chuicb,  and  aski  why  she  did  not  show  herself 
bdore  in  her  grandeur.      Wedding  lasts  several  wteks. 


CINDERELLA    VARIANtS. 


Ibid,    MS.  Collections.    By  A.  Rdnholm.    No.  II,  39.   (Ftom 
Antrea,  in  Carelia,  1S48.) 

"The  two  Young  Ladies  and  Cinderella." 

(i)  Two  jrounj;  ladjis  go  to  church  i  Cinderella,  iheir  inW,  sUys  at  hornet  I 
— |a)  The  liro  meet  a  cow,  which  says,  "  If  70U  milk  me.  you  shall  have  I 
milk  as  reward."      "  Whal  are  you  ihinkiog  aii     For  lire  tvecki  we  have  I 
been  washing  our  hands  with  soap  and  new  milk ;  ii  it  likeljr  we  should  milk  1 
you?"    A  little  further  on  Iheysee  an  oven.     "If  you  uke  bread  01 
oven,  you  ihalt  have  it  as  reward."    Same  Tejaiuder  from  girls,    Tbey  meet   ' 
a  sheep  with  shears  round  its  neck.     "  If  you  shear  me,  jou  shall  have  wool 
ss  reward."    Same  answer. — (31  CinderellEi  sets  out  by  the  lime  sisters  ue  in 
church.    She  meets  cow,  milks  it,  and  gels  milk  ;  tekci  the  bread  from  the 
oven  and  keeps  i! ;    jheart  the  sheep  and  y<il!>  wool. — (4I  Then  ihe  gels   I 
hsvely  clothes  as  well.     She   loses  a  shoe,  which   is  found   by  a  fii 
getieral's  son. — (5I  He  lays  the   womao  who  con  wear  shoe  shall  be  his   J 
betrothed.     It  will  not  go  on  the  two  young  ladies'  feet,  but  it  tils  Cindef- 
ella  perfectly.— (6)  The  general's  son  marries  her. 


1 105    ^^*^-     MS.  Collections.     By  B.  A.  Paldani  in  185*.     No.  I,  46. 
(From  \Vest  Finland.) 

"The  Servants'  Places." 

(t)  Three  young  girls  arc  to  enter  king's  service.    Two  of  Ihcm,  who  bare 
washed  their  hands  for  three  weeks,  meet  old  man   Biking   lo  have  hair 
combed,  and  say,  "  How  can  we?    We  have  washed  our  hands  for  three    1 
weeks,  so  as  to  be  king's  lervanls."    Third  girl  sets  out  and  meets  sami 
man,  who,  having  aiked  where  she  b  going,  bids  her  comb  his  bur. 
shan't  have  lime;  Ibe  others  will  leave  oie  behind."     All  the  same  she  doea    | 
iL— 13)  First  two  servants  meet  sheep.      "Shear  me;   yon  shall  have  the 
wool  as  reward."    They  give  same  answer  as  before.     Third  servauE  meeli 
sheep,  who   asks  where  she  is  guing,  etc.    She  sheaia  sheep. — 13)   Ti« 
servants  meet  cow  and  refuse  to  milk  it.     Cow  says  to  third  setvani,  "MUk 
me,  my  g>rl;  then  throw  ihe  milk  over  my  feet,  and  put  the  pail  ot 
h'ims."     "Shaii'l  have  lirne;  the  others  will  leave  mc  behind."     Neverthe-  1 
les)  she  docs  il.^(4)  They  reach  palace,  and,  when  ihey  have  been  there  J 
a  week,  kiug  ar.k.-,,    "Who'll  go  to  church,   and  who'll  May  ai   hoBeT"! 
"  Chiilerella,  ibc  dirty  scullion,  will  stay  at  home."     KiuR  throws  half  I 
and  a  grain  ol  barley  into  the  aslies  of  the  stove.     Whilst  CinderdlB  b-l 
bunting  for  ihem,  an  old  man  enierE  and  asks  why  she  is  crying  i  ihc  replta,.f 
"Uccausc  king  told  me  10  make  the  dinner  out  of  half  B  pea  and  a  gikid  (iCfl 
bailey  i  aod   1  can'i  even  lind  Ihem,  for  he  threw  them  into  the  uhes."— <5)  V 
Old  man  says,  "  Vou  g>  to  churchy  there  is  a  brown  hone  at  the  dooiiUdl 


SOC.   t)£  LiTT.    t-INN. — MS.   COLLECTIoKS.  387 

you*Il  find  clothes  in  the  carriage.  Be  quick  and  dress,  and  get  there;  but 
mind  you  get  back  a  few  minutes  before  the  rest."  On  her  return  from 
church,  the  tables  are  well  served,  both  for  masters  and  servants.— (6)  After 
a  week,  king  asks  same  question :  *' Cinderella,  the  dirty  scullion,  who  cooks 
so  well,"  is  to  stay  at  home.  All  happens  as  before.  Old  man  sends  her  to 
church  in  silver-co*oured  dress,  and  king's  son  admires  her,  wondering  who 
she  is. — (7)  Third  Sunday  same  inquiry  from  king;  same  answer;  same  task. 
Old  man  tells  Cinderella  there  is  a  horse  "grey  as  water"  waiting  for  her 
behind  the  big  stone,  wh*re  she  will  find  clothes.  She  must  leave  church 
before  others ;  the  king's  son  will  run  after  her,  and  she  must  drop  a  shoe,  which 
he  will  stop  to  pick  up. — (8)  He  will  wed  whomsoever  shoe  fits.  The  proud 
servants  cut  off  th  :ir  big  toes,  but  cannot  get  shoe  on.  But  it  fits  the  dirty 
scullion's  foot,  and  king  notices,  in  trybg  it  on,  that  she  is  wearing  gorgeous 
clothing  under  her  old  rags. — (9)  He  marries  her. 


Ibid,    MS.  Collections.     By  J.  Mustakallio.     No.  XCIX.    (From     106 
Sotkamo,    in    Ostrobothnia.       Narrated,   in    1880,    by   Aate 
Kaskinen,  a  youth  of  seventeen.) 

"  Cinderella.*' 

(i)  King  engages  two  upper-servants  and  a  third  for  dirty  work.  On 
setting  out,  the  two  meet  an  oven,  which  says,  "Take  the  bread  out  with 
shovel,  and  you  shall  have  loaf  as  reward."  They  say  they  cannot,  because 
for  three  years  they  have  washed  their  hands  with  German  soap  ;  but 
Cinderella  will  come  along  soon,  and  she  will  be  sure  to  do  it.  Cinderella 
passes,  takes  out  the  bread,  and  gets  a  loaf. — (2)  Two  servants  meet  a  cow  : 
*'  Milk  me  ;  take  the  pail  which  is  between  my  horns ;  you  shall  have  milk 
as  reward."  They  make  same  excuse.  Cinderella  milks  cow,  and  gets  milk. 
— (3)  Two  servants  meet  sheep:  "Take  shears  from  between  my  horns, 
shear  me,  and  you  shall  have  wool."  Same  answer.  Cinderella  shears 
sheep,  and  gets  wool. — (4)  Two  servants  proceed,  and  see  old  man  fallen 
into  the  cleft  of  a  rock  :  "  Help  me  out ;  you  shall  have  my  stick  as  reward, 
and,  if  you  strike  rock  with  it,  you  will  find  all  sorts  of  things."  Same 
answer.  Cinderella  helps  old  man,  and  gels  his  stick. — (5}  Three  servants 
reach  palace.  On  Sunday  the  two  go  to  church,  leaving  Cinderella  at  home 
all  alone.  To  prevent  her  going,  they  upset  a  bushel  of  grain  into  the  ashes 
of  the  stove  for  her  to  pick  up.  Old  man  comes  to  perform  task,  and  sends 
Cinderella  to  strike  rock  with  stick.  She  gets  copper  dress,  and  copper 
carriage  and  horse,  and  passes  by  church.  She  returns  before  the  two 
servants,  and  resumes  old  clothes.  They  are  astonished  at  what  they  saw 
during  church. — (6)  Next  Sunday  all  happens  as  before.  Heroine  takes 
silver  dress,  and  silver  carriage  and  horse  from  rock,  and  passes  by  church. — 
(7)  Third  Sunday  the  same.  Heroine  takes  gold  dress,  and  gold  carriage 
and  horse,  and  pulls  up  in  front  of  church.  She  leaves  carriage  outside,  and 
crosses  church  on  fooL     Her  gold  dress  and  ornaments  resound  and  glisten. 

CC  2 


388  CINDEKELLft    VARIANTS, 

Kind's  »in  I1R&  Uuied  ihe  thiEShold,  lu  iu^l.c  ihe  uDknown  lady  [all  i    but 
only  her  gold  sboe  sticks,  and  she  gels  into  otrriage  without  tl  aiid  tetunu 
Itome. — (S)  King's  son  picks  up  shoe,  sml  makes  known  tliat  he  will  w«d 
whomsoever  11  fila.    Everybody  triei ;  ibe  two  servants  cut  off  their  toe. 
shoe  will  not  go  on  their  feet,  which  are  only  swollen  the  more.    Cinderella    i 
puts  it  on,  and  manies  king's  son. 


I  107      J6id.    MS.  Collections.     By  E.  N.  Setala.     No.  R.  1 
Ruovesi,  ill  West  Finland.) 

"FiNETTE,  THE   SWINEHERD." 


(From 


{!)  Three  sisters  ore  servants  a.t  palace,  the  yoUDgest  being  awiDeherd-  Her 
clothes  are  made  of  Wrpmlio  (vitinieHts  goudioiines),  and  no  one  lakes  much 
account  of  her,  deeming  her  half-wilied. — [2I  King  is  fond  of  the  two  proud 
servants,  and  every  Sunday  asks  who  is  going  to  church.  They  say,  "  We 
are  ;  Finetle  can  slay  at  home."  The  swineherd  goes  to  the  sloveand  weeps; 
an  old  man  enlem  and  asks  why.  She  has  to  prepare  the  dinner  for  the  whole 
court  out  of  iwo  peas  and  two  grains  of  barley  and  rye.  Old  man  uys,  "  You 
go  10  chureii ;  I'll  prepare  the  dinner.  Only  be  back  before  the  others,  as 
though  you  had  been  at  home  cooking." — (3)  Heroine  departs,  and  meets  old 
man,  who  asks  licr  to  search  his  head.  "  I  have  not  lime  ;  1  am  already 
very  lale."  "  Do  it  all  the  same  ;"  andshe  does  so.  He  makes  her  a  present 
of  a  stick,  iaying,  "  Sirike  the  rock  with  this,  and  you  will  find  clothes  of 
gold.  Hide  ihem  for  three  Sundays  in  succession  under  youi  larpauUn  ; 
don't  show  them  to  anyone  ;  leave  church  before  the  rest,  and  hide  ihem  in 
■he  lOck."  Hnroine  does  as  bidden,  and  returns  home  lo  lay  the  table. — 
(4)  Second  Sunday  all  happens  as  before.  King's  son  notices  that  someone 
goes  to  the  court  wearing  gold  clothes  under  her  ordinary  dress. — (5)  And 
third  Sunday  be  has  Ihe  threshold  of  the  church  tarred,  so  that  heroine's  shoe 
sticks  to  it,  for  she  always  puu  her  foot  on  the  siep,  so  as  not  to  show  her 
shoes.  Heroine  takes  no  notice  of  lost  shoe,  but  king's  son  picks  it  up,  and 
says  whoever  can  wear  il  shoJl  be  his  beloved  wife. — (6)  Many  come  and  try 
it  in  vain.  Heroine's  sisters  even  cut  their  Ioce,  but  cannot  gel  it  on. 
Heroine  stands  aside  watching  ;  she  is  told  to  try.  Shoe  fits  her  perfectly. — 
(;)  She  goes  home  before  the  others,  takes  oS  her  tarpaulin,  and  laya  the 
table  in  her  gold  clolheii.    All  rejoice  except  Ihe  sisters,  who  are  now  her 


|,108  Mid.  MS.  Collections.  ByKaarle  Krohn.  No.  0. 364.  From  ] 
Hyrynsalmi,  in  Ostrobothnia,  Narrated  in  1883  by  Aato  I 
Kemppainen,  aged  seventy.      ("Conieur  excellent." — JC.  X.)\ 


•0  of  ihem  have  been  for  three  yexn  washing  I 
0  couil,  on  Ihechajice  of  king'a  son  choDsiSf  I 


SOC.    DE    LITT.    nNN,- 

«ine  M  hU  bride ;  the  third,  who  U  iwineberd,  onl;  wuhes  in  the  ordiiurr 
course. — (2)  Clad  in  her  working  go<rn,  »hc  sets  out  behind  tistere.  On  the 
way  an  oven  sa.ys  to  iiroad  sittera,  "Take  the  shovel  and  turn  my  lo*vei ; 
you  shall  have  a  loaTtor  your  trouble."  "  Ij  it  likely  we  nhoatd  go  and  soil  oor 
hands  after  washing  them  for  three  yean?  There'l  a  awineherd  rollowing  ut ; 
shell  lum  your  loaves."  Heroine  comes  by,  turns  the  loi*es.  has  one  for 
heisetf,  and  iepUc»  shovel.  Proud  sitters  ate  still  in  sight. — (j)  They  meet 
■  ram  with  (hears  on  its  horns.  "Sheir  me,"  etc. ;  "yon  »hal!  have  wool." 
Same  answer.  Heroine  comes  along,  shears  ram,  has  the  wool,  and  replacei 
sheart. — (4)  Proud  sister*  meet  cow  with  pail  on  her  homs.  "  Milk  me." 
etc.,  "and  ]rou  shall  have  milk."  Same  answer.  Heroine  milks  cow  and 
hM  the  milk  ;  replaces  pail.  Proud  sister*  are  still  in  sight,— (5)  They  see 
by  the  roadside  an  old  man  whose  cariiage  ts  ovcnumed.  "  Help  me ;  I 
will  give  you  my  stick  for  your  trouble,"  Same  answer.  Heroine  helps  old 
man  up,  and  he  gives  her  bis  stick,  saying,  "  At  some  little  distance  from  the 
palace,  whither  you  are  going,  there  is  an  enormous  stone.  If  yon  strike  it 
three  limes  with  this  stick  a  door  will  open,  and  inside  you  will  find  evety- 
tbing  you  can  possibly  want  all  your  life  long."  (No  doubt  the  old  man  had 
other  Ireasutel  bidden  elsewhere.) — 16)  Proud  sisters  reach  the  court  and 
faave  a  pleasant  time.  And  the  swineherd,  despised  by  all,  idles  the  loi% 
hours  away  on  the  chimney-seat. — ij)  All  go  to  church,  the  proud  sisters  too, 
whilst  heroine  stays  behind.  When  Ihey  have  started  she  goes  to  stone, 
drtsaea  herself  magnilicently,  takes  carriages  and  horses,  the  like  of  which  are 
not  to  be  seen  at  court,  and  goes  lo  church.  King's  son  wonders  in  astonish- 
■ho  she  cut  be  She  leaves  rather  before  the  rest,  and  is  soon  at  a  dis- 
tance. King's  son  loUows  to  see  where  she  goes,  but  she  has  Dlled  carriage 
with  gold  pieces,  and  throws  out  handfuls  behind  her.  King's  son  slops  to 
pick  them  up,  and  meanwhile  she  gallops  to  stone,  re'ams  finery,  dons  old 
gown,  and  goes  back  10  chimney  comer.  Proud  sisters  return,  and  taunt  her 
with  not  having  seen  the  wonder*  they  have  seen. — (S)  Another  day  Ihey  go 
to  church,  and  all  happens  just  as  before,  and  a  third  day  the  same. — 
I9)  Heroine  appears  in  church,  looking  still  more  beautiful,  and  king's  son 
lells  his  valet  to  run  afler  her  the  momeni  she  leaves.  He  geU  into  carriage 
with  valet,  and  does  not  stop  for  the  gold  this  time,  but  follows  with  ftU 
»p«ed.  Valet  stops  lo  pick  it  up.  Heroine,  wrho  is  only  jual  ahead  ofking's 
son,  dashes  into  stone  and  hides  horse  and  carriage. — (lOI  In  her  basic  she 
drops  B  shoe,  and  has  not  time  to  change  her  clothes,  but  can  only  cover  ihem 
over  wilh  old  gown,  She  reluina  lo  her  bench  by  the  Are.  King's  son  «» 
shoe  by  the  stone,  and  carries  it  oil.  He  shows  it  at  home,  and  says  he  will 
marry  irhamaoevcr  it  lils. — (li)  Proud  sisters  try  to  get  it  on,  and  even  cut 
oH  their  toc«,  but  in  vaitu  At  length  king's  son  invites  swineherd  lo  try, 
■•  What's  the  good  f  I  shall  only  suil  the  pretty  shoe."  Nevertheless  she  is 
lo  try,  and  shoe  fits  her  perfectly.     King's 

lere   he  tears  off  her  old  gown,   which   was  hiding   lin^  clothes. 
She  takes  him  W  stone  and  shows  her  treasure. — (li)  He  marries  her. — 
(ijl  Proud  •islm  go  into  stove  and  hang  ihemselve*  ont  of  vexation, 
comes  lo  shame. 


CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 


&09     Ibid.     MS.  Collections.     By  Fr.  Rapola.     No.  XI.III.     (From 
Saaksmaki,  in  Tavastland.) 

"SlKERl-SOKERI, '  COWSKIN." 
(t)  Mul  Had  wife  have  one  daughter  each.  Wire  hatei  bu^bandU  daugbler, 
and  sends  her  to  pasture  Ihe  Hocks,  giving  her  such  bad  food  lliat  she  always 
brings  it  home  antouched. — (z)  One  day  stepmother  fiends  own  daughteitosoe 
liowheroine  gets  food;  but  ahegoeslo  sleep  in  the  forcal,  and  discovers  nothing. 
Next  day  she  is  sent  again,  and  again  Htlls  asleep.  Stepmother  goes  herself 
third  day,  and  sees  heroine  spread  her  napkin  and  call  her  cov  Kirju,  who 
conies  instantly,  and  shaking  her  horns,  covers  the  napkin  with  delicious 
Toad. — (3)  That  night  man  and  wife  decide  thai  Kirju  must  be  killed,  to  slop 
heroine's  food.sBpply.  Heroine  overhears,  and  goes  at  once  to  stable  lo  lell 
Kirju. — (4)  "Never  mind.  Undo  my  collar  and  get  on  my  back."  They 
setoff  and  reach  Unix's  palace.  Cow  slops  at  a  great  stone  hard  by.  "  Kill 
me  and  take  my  skin.  When  you  want  anything,  stnlce  my  lorab  with  a 
stick,  and  you  will  gel  if."— 15)  Heroine  slays  cow,  dons  skin,  and  seeks 
service  at  palace.  She  is  engaged  as  swineherd.— 16}  Presently  king's  son  is 
invited  to  a  wedding.  He  dresses  for  ffle,  and  calls  maids  lo  bring  him  a 
comb.  Maids  not  hearing,  heroine  takes  it.  "  Sikeri.sokerl,  Cowskin, 
what  do  you  mean  by  it  ?"  and  he  throws  comb  al  her.  Other  servants  bring 
him  comb,  and  he  goes  lo  wedding.  Servants  go  lo  look  on,  leaving  swine- 
herd behind.  Heroine  goes  lo  cow's  grave  and  i.*ks  for  Indian  dress  and 
burse  and  carriage.  She  gallops  after  prince,  and  Is  placed  next  10  hira  at 
table  because  of  her  beauty.  He  asks  whence  she  cotne<.  "  From  Comb- 
country."  Heroine  returns  dreai  10  grave,  and  is  iiack  in  her  place  when 
servants  return.  They  boast  of  having  seen  lovely  princess,  and  taunt 
"  Sikcri-aokeri,  Cowbkin"  with  having  seen  nothing. — (7)  After  a  lime  king's 
son  is  dressing  for  anolher  wedding,  aud  calls  for  soup.  Heroine  takes  it  lo 
him,  and  ii  scolded  as  before.  Other  servants  bring  some.  Heroine,  again 
left  behind,  gets  silk  dress  from  grave  and  goes  to  vredding.  She  is  placed 
beside  king's  son,  says  she  comes  from  "  Soap-land"  ;  returns  home  before 
servants,  who  tauni  her  as  before.^fS)  King  ii  dressing  for  Uiird  wedding, 
and  calls  for  lowel ;  heroine  lakes  it,  and  is  again  scolded-  Left  alone,  she 
visits  grave,  and,  clad  in  gold  dress,  drives  to  wedding.  Sealed  next  king's 
son,  she  tells  him  she  comes  from  '*  ToneMand".  On  reluming  home  heroine 
is  pursned,  and  not  having  lime  to  hide  gold  dtess  under  stone,  throws  cow- 
skin  over  her.     In  her  haste  she  drops  a  shoe,  which  king's  son  picks  np. — 

(9)  He  proclaims  thai  whosoever  can  wear  it  shall  be  his  betrothed.  Every- 
one tries  shoe,  but  none  can  gel  il  on.  King's  son  calls  "  Kikeri-sokeri, 
Cowskin"  to  try.  Everyone  laughs  ;  but  shoe  fits  her  petreclly,  and  al  that 
moment  cowskin  falls  from  her  shoulders,  and  she  is  at  once  recognised. — 

(10)  King's  son  marries  her. 


A 

i 


'  Sokeri  i^  sugar ;  Sikeri  = 


SOC.    DE    UTT.    FINN. — MS.   COLLECTIONS. 


» 


Ihid.     MS.   Collections.     By  J.  Soini,    1878;    from  Wiihakyryo,     19 
in  Ostroboihnia.     Narrated  by  Kaarlo  Tronii,  peasant.     (Col- 
lection du  lyc^e  flnnois  d'Helsingfors,  No.  Ill,  3.) 

"The  Three  Dresses." 

(I)  King's  wife  die*  and  U  buried.  King  [ormenti  his  daughter  with 
waniing  lo  marry  her.  She  is  gmllgr  dislreised. — 13)  Fathri  will  let  her  (ill 
if  «he  can  i)rocure  clothes  like  gold.  Heroine,  in  despair,  goes  weeping 
lo  mother's  grave.  Mother  risei  from  grave,  asks  why  she  weeps  ;  then  bids 
her  go  to  her  room  >nd  the  clothes  vrill  be  brought  lo  her.  [[etoine  goei  lo 
tieep,  and  next  momicg  linds  clothes  banging  up  on  wall.  Sbc  dons  them, 
and  goes  to  father,  who  now  wants  her  more  than  ever  for  his  wife,  bnt  will 
leave  her  in  peace  if  she  can  get  some  clothes  like  silver.  She  again  goes  to 
grave,  and  obtains  silver  clothes  in  like  manner.  Father  finds  her  so  much 
more  lovely  dressed  in  tbne  that  he  realiy  must  roairy  ber.  Bat  if  the  can 
get  dress  of  crows'  beaks,  he  will  have  nothing  more  to  do  with  her.  Dead 
mtlher  helps  her  lo  this  as  before  ;  but  when  father  sees  her  in  crow's-beak 
dress  he  i*  quite  determined  lo  mnrry  her.  Ilerome  goes  to  her  room,  puis 
pillow  on  the  table  in  window,  buries  her  head  in  it,  and  saturates  it  with 
icais. — {31  Old  man  passes  window,  and  asks  why  she  weeps.  "  What  is  the 
use  of  lellirg,  you  can't  help  me  T  Old  man  throws  her  ball,  saying  if  she 
stnkes  il  on  ulairease  she  will  get  Iwo  black  hones  and  a  carriage.  Heroine 
pats  on  gold  and  silver  dresses  and  crow's  beak  gown  outside,  then  sets  out  in 
carriage. — (4)  She  aiopi  at  unolhcr  king's  palace,  and  there  becomes  swine- 
herd.—(j)  Sunday  momirgshe  is  told  to  take  water  for  washing  10  king's  son. 
He  throws  it  in  her  face,  not  liking  to  be  served  by  swineherd.  She  is  lefc 
alone,  whilst  the  rest  go  lo  church.  She  dons  gohl  dicsa,  strikes  staircase 
with  ball  lo  get  carriage  and  burses,  and  goes  lo  church.  Prince  sees  ber 
arrive,  and  asks  whence  she  comes.  "  From  the  country  where  they  throw 
water."  King  makes  public  inquiry  aboat  country  :  no  one  knows  of  it. — (6) 
Nut  Sunday  the  is  sent  with  towel  to  king's  son,  who  throws  it  at  her  face, 
brcBUse  she  is  too  dirty  to  serve  him.  She  goes  to  church  In  gold  dresa 
as  before  ;  says  she  comes  from  "  Throw-towel  land";  leaves  before  the  rest, 
strikes  table  with  ball  :  "  Table,  be  served,"  and  it  is  furnished  sumptu- 
ODily.  Everyone  is  ai-onisbed.— (7)  Third  Sunday  king's  son  lltrowi  boots 
at  her,  calling  her  "  Loa^y-head".  She  goes  to  church  in  go'.d  dress  as  before; 
says  she  comes  from  "  Throw-bout  land".  No  one  can  lind  it.  He  has  the 
church  slept  tarred  ;  heroine's  shoe  sticks  ;  he  picks  it  up  and  invites  all  the 
world  to  come  and  iry  it  on,  — (8)  Swineherd  is  watchbg  all  the  ladies  try  it 
in  vain  ;  king's  son,  for  a  joke,  tells  her  to  come  and  try.  "  What's  the  good 
for  poor  me,  swineherd,  lousy-head,  to  try  T'  King's  son  insists ;  the  shoe 
fits  her,  and  he  notices  as  she  puts  it  on  chat  there  is  a  gold  dress  nnderneith 
the  crow's-beak  gown. — (9)  He  marries  her.  (It  was  not  much  of  a  wi-dding. 
I  was  Ihere ;  but  they  only  gave  me  a  couple  of  cold  potatoes,  a  herring,  and 
a  piece  of  bread.     So  1  left.) 


CiNDF.RELLA   VARIANTS. 


^98    Ibid.    MS.  Collections.     By  K,  T.  Andersson;  from  Loppi,  in  I 
Tavastland.      (Collection  du  lyc^e  finnois  d'Helsingfore,  No. 
XXVIII,  16.) 

"The  King's  Daughter." 

(l)  King  wants  to  murj  bsaotifal  d»ughlet. — (3)  She  promises  consent  if  \ 
he  will  procure  her  a  dress  of  crows'  bills.     All  the  crDW4  in  the  kingdom  *i 
killed  and  the  gown  made.     Heroine  now  demands,  before  wedding,  a  gold   I 
dress,  which  is  procured  ;  then  a  boit  which  travels  by  land  or  sea.      Such  a 
one  is  m^e. — (3}  At  night  heroine  puts  all  her  possession^,  as  well  ns  car- 
riages, horses,  and  servants,  into  the  boat,  sets  out  to  foreign  country,  and   I 
arrives  at  king's  palace.      She  blackens  her  face,  dons  old  clothes,  and  seek 
service  at  courL     King  at  Hrst  lEfuses  her,  then  at   length   engages  her  ■ 
swineherd. — (4)  King  is  dressing  for  afile,  and  swineherd  inkes  him  water    ' 
for  washing.     He  hits  her  with  io*el,  not  liking  swinthcrd  10  serve  him. 
Heroine  dons  crow's-bill  gown  and  followt  him    {.aftte.     No  one  darcn   ask 
whence  she  comes,  and  king  is  urged  to  do  so.     Heroine  replies,  "From 
Towel-land";  and  king  is  frightened,  remembering  bis  ireolnient  of  swineherd. 
He  hurries  home.     But  heroine  is  back  first,  and  when  king  sends  for  her, 
comes  dressed  in  her  rags,  with  blackened  face. — (5)  Ne<>(  night  king  throws 
slippers  at  heroine  when  she  brin^  his  water,      "alul,  1  forliid  you  to  bring 
my  water.     Attend  to  your  pigs."    Heroine  dons  gold  dress,  and  drive*  J 
in  splendid  carriage  xaflu.     King  is  again  urged  10  inquire  whence  she  comes,  | 
"Prom  Silpper-land."     King  hurries  liack  ;  bat  with  her  splendid  horu>  the 
gels  home  first ;  yet  has  not  lime  10  charge  clothes,  and  flmgs  rags  over  gold  I 
dTe<sS,  and  blackens  her  face. — (6)  King  sEnds  for  her,  tear^  olT  her  rags,  and  1 
notices  royal  jewel  that  she  wears  round  her  neck.     He  beg'  her  pardoD  I 
for  having  ill.ireated    her,  and   then  aiks   her  in  marriage  tor  his  M>n 
consents,  joyfully.  —(7)  King's  .son  marries  her. 


1 199  ii'id-  MS.  Collections.  By  Kaarle  Krohn,  1884;  from  Suo-^ 
jarvi,  in  Carelia.  (Narrated  by  Ogafjs  Vasiljovoa,  aged  twentjW 
seven  years,  who  heard  it  at  Varpakyla.) 

(t)  Man  loses  his  wife,  and  wants  to  marry  his  own  daughter, —(3]  Shebidi 
him  wail  awhile,  as  she  -wishe*  10  visit  her  mother's  grave  before  the  nuptial 
benediction.  Heroine  weeps  long  at  mother's  grave  ;  mother  asks  why,  then 
bids  her  return  Home,  and,  when  Ikiher  is  ready  for  the  wedding,  say  that  she 
must  have  Ihe  stove  healed  so  as  to  take  a  bath  before  being  married.  AIm, 
when  she  slaris  for  church,  she  must  lake  with  her  her  dresse>,  a  Krash  and 
comb,  a  looking-glass,  and  a  sword.  Then  she  will  go  in  Ihe  stove  and 
escape.  Her  lather  will  pursue  her  ;  she  musi  throw  bnuh  behind  her, 
bidding  i(  tarn  inio  sn  insurmountable  wall.  Heroine  goes  home  and  doe*  as 
bidden,— [3)  When  father  tbiolu  she  has  been  too  long  at  the  baih  he  goes  n 


J 


SOC.    DE    LITT,    riNN. — MS.    COLLECTIONS. 


393 


>eek  bet ;  she  Is  ttoi  ibere  I  {«  torih  in  parsolt ;  the  brush  ii  Ihtovn.  and 
rutin  Into  s  wall  like  a  bruili,  which  hr  can  neithet  le»p  not  go  lound.  I U 
i>  futioat ;  nishei  home  to  get  a.  sword  ;  make*  a  big  hole  in  ihe  wall ;  ii 
aboul  10  hide  svord,  when  Ultle  bird  iin|^,  "  t  shall  tell  the  daughter  urhal 
the  father  is  hiding."  "  You  wrelchel  bird  I  if  [  had  a  caldron  here  I'd  boil 
jron."  He  goes  home  to  hide  sword,  then  continues  pnnuit.' — {4)  Heroine 
ooks  round,  and,  seeing  lather  cImc  behind,  Ihrowt  comb,  bidding  it  turn 
into  wall  of  bone*,  which  father  cm  neither  leap  nor  go  round.  Father  goes 
home  to  fetch  iwoid  1  makei  a  hole  in  wall  ;  is  about  to  hide  sword,  when 
bird  sings  at  before  ;  so  he  takes  it  home. — (5}  Again  he  nearly  nvertikes 
heroine  i  >lie  Ihruws  the  looking  gUs«,  which  turns  into  a  wiM  of  gtasi,  wh\cti 
he  can  neither  surmount  nor  gu  round.  Agiin  he  fetches  sword  to  niske 
•  hole  )  bird  obliges  him  to  return  home  with  iI.-'(6)  He  almost  overtakes 
daughter  just  as  she  is  nearing  king's  sl*ble-jard.  She  sees  a  pigskin  hang- 
ing on  the  fence,  throws  il  over  her  shoulders,  and,  tisnsFonned  into  a  pig, 
niihes  into  the  stable  belonging  to  king's  son.  Next  morning  she  gets  up 
before  the  king's  servants,  and  feeds  the  cattle,  and  does  all  the  household 
>lutles. — (7)  King's  son  is  goipg  to  church,  and  calls  to  his  sister  to  bring  him 
sOine  loap,  that  he  may  wash  l^rtt.  His  sister  has  not  time,  so  pig  takes  soap 
lo  king's  son,  who  throws  it  at  her,  (aying  he  will  not  use  soap  which  pig  has 
brought.  Sister  brings  some  more,  and  the;  go  ti^elhcr  to  church.  Heroine 
doSi  the  pigskin  and  goes  too,  dressed  in  her  line  clothes.  King's  son  notices 
lovely  girl  in  church,  and  lells  siller  to  go  and  ask  her  where  her  palace 
IS,  Heroine  aniweti,  "  t  come  from  the  pnUce  where  ihey  throw  soap 
about. "  ake  repeats  this  to  brother,  who  is  mystified.  Al  once  he  has  the 
doorway  ol  the  church  tarred,  and,  as  heroine  leaves,  her  preLty  hat  sticks  lo 
it,  and  she  has  not  lime  to  get  it  back,  t>he  hurnes  home,  throws  down  her 
clothes  at  the  fool  of  an  oak-tree,  and  dons  the  pigskin.— (S)  Next  da;  king's 
son  asks  bis  sister  to  bring  him  some  water  for  waihing  before  he  goes  to  church. 
She  has  not  time  ;  pig  Rtls  a  baain,  and  carries  it  lu  king,  who  upsets  water, 
because  pig  has  brougnt  it,  and  caJU  his  sislei  to  bring  more.  They  go 
10  church  ti^ether.  Heroine  doffs  pigskin  and  dresses  her^lf  at  the  oak. 
King's  son  looks  up  from  his  book  and  ices  lovely  girl  in  church ;  he  sends 
iislei  lo  inquire  whence  she  comes.  i^leroine  replies,  '■  From  the  palace 
where  they  upset  w*ic'  and  fling  soap  about."  King's  sun  has  the  latch 
of  Ihe  church  door  laired  ;  heroine's  glove  sticks  to  it,  and  she  does  not  care 
lo  recover  11,  having  plenty  more  gloves  al  home.  Stie  relums  and  resumes 
pigskin,  and  sets  to  work  as  usual.— (9)  Nexl  day,  before  going  lo  church. 
king's  son  a>ks  siitei  for  his  shirl.  Pig  lakes  it,  and  he  won't  wear  ii.  Sister 
fetches  another.  They  go  to  church,  and  heroine  to  the  oak,  as  before. 
Sutet  aski  whence  she  comes  :  "  From  the  palace  where  they  throw  water, 
soap,  and  shirts  aboui."  King's  son  has  the  ihreshold  of  the  church  tarred, 
and  heroine's  shoe  remaini  sticking  10  it.  She  won't  trouble  to  return  for 
such  a  trifle  as  that,  and  hurries  home. — (to)  King's  ion  proclaims  through- 


394  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

out  the  kingdom  that  he  will  marry  the  girl  whom  this  hat,  this  glove 
and  this  shoe  (it.  Everyone  tries  them  on  in  vain.  The  pig  comes  «i«" 
mixes  in  the  crowd  ;  atl  of  a  sa-icien  she  puis  on  the  shoe  ;  she  hides  ag""  >l 
the  crowd,  and  presenlly  puts  on  the  glove  ;  she  goes  in  and  out  amongst  th< 
people,  and  puis  on  the  bat.  So  king's  son  must  keep  his  word,  but  is  verjf^ 
Ksd  at  having  to  marry  a  pig.— (ii)  They  set  out  to  church  for  the  nuptid 
lienediction.  Pig  says,  "  Stop,  I  must  get  out  for  a  moment"  "  Get  out  by 
all  meiDB,"  says  the  king's  son— "and  don't  come  back,"  he  addi 
his  breath.  Heroine  doHs  pigskin,  and  tetums  to  king's  ton  splendidlyJ 
dressed.  "  All  right !  off  we  go  1"  she  says,  "  I'm  ready  now."  H 
out  laughing  when  he  sees  the  pig's  Iransformation,  They  go  to  ehurciv 
Everyone  accompanies  them  home,  and  they  have  a  grand  wedding. 


[252   f/'i'ti.    MS.  Collections.    By  Elias  Lonnrot.    No.  XXXIX.    1836.* 
From  the  Government  of  Archangel,  uyezd  Keiii  (?  Uhtne  or 

Wuskttiniemi). 

"  ClNDEHELtA." 

(I)  There  are  three  sisters.     The  two  elder  are  going  to  enter  king's  service, 
Cinderella,  ihe  youngest,  wants  lo  go  too,  bat  they  will  not   take  her.      On 
the  way  ihcy  meet  ram  with  shears  on  its  horns.     "  Shear  me  ;  you  shall  have 
wool,"     "  We  haven't  lime,  and  we  don't  wish  to  soil  our  hands.     We  have 
hired  ourselves  as  king's  servants  for  three  jean."— (2)  They  meet  a  cow. 
"  Milk  me,  and  lake  my  milk."     "  We  can't  soil  oar  clothes."— (3)  They 
meet  a  very  dirty  ctd  man,  with  slick  in  his  hand.     "  Wash  me,  and  you  shall    , 
have  my  slick."    They  will  not.— (4)  Cinderella  sets  out.     Meets  ram,  shears  j 
il,  and  takes  wool ;  milks  cow,  and  gets  milk  ;  cleans  old  man,  who  gives  her  1 
stick,  saying !  "  Near  the  palace  you  will  see  a  rock  ;  go  three  limes  round  i 
it,  then  strike  it  with  this  stick,  and  you  shall  tee."     Cinderella  opens  r 
and  sees  animals,  clothes,   proviMons,  utensils,  alt  sorts  of  thingx,  and  a 
more  than  king  possesses.     But  she  takes  nothing. — (j)  She  goes  lo  palace  (  I 
they  will  scarcely  admit  her.     She  sits  in  a  corner.     Sisters  say  to  king :  "  Sh> 
is  our  sister  ;  won't  you  take  her  as  cinder-sifler  ?"     "  Ves,  since  she  is  here.' 
— (6)  On  Sunday  sisters  dress  for  church.     Cinderelhi  says,  "Give  me  a 
least  some  old  clothes."    They  will  not  take  her  with  them.     She  goes  t< 
roik,  gets  a  silk  dre^s  and  a  horse,  goes  to  church,  and  no  one  reci^nises  her,  I 
She  leaves  before  ihe  others,  so  as  to  return  dressen  to  rock,  don  her  old  ikin  I 
dress,  and  be  silting  in  chimney-comer  siriing  cinders.     Sisters  return  ;  tell  of  I 
the  bcautiru!  girl  at  church,— (7)  Second  Sunday  Cinderella  goes  lo  church  In  f 
silver  dress,  driving  right  up  lo  the  door.     Prince  looks  at  her.    Towards  the  I 
end  of  service  she  leaves.    Sisters  return,  and  talk  about  beauty.    Cinderella  J 
asks  if  she  may  not  go  iieit  Sunday  and  see  her.     They  refuse.— (8)  King'i 
fon  determines  that  lovely  girl  shall  not  tscnpe  so  easily  neit  time.     Cinder- 
ella takes  a  dress  steeped  in  golden  vapour,  and  a  6ner  horse  than  ever.  She   I 
drives  right  into  the  middle  uf  the  church-     Kirg's  ion  wtuld  ask  whence 
the  comes  and  whither  she  goes.  %  He  Iporsues  her,  bat  does  not  rcuh  bet. 


soc.  : 


—MS.   COLLECTIONS. 


395 


She  h«s  not  lime  to  doff  fine  dnlhes,  so  co»er>  them  wilh  old  tkindreu,  and  sili 
in  chimney-corner. — (9)  King'i  son  goes  into  kitchen,  and  layi  to  CindcrelU  l 
"  Search  my  head."  SUters  say  -.  "  Don't  i«l  her  do  it !  she  will  moke  yon 
dirty  from  the  whes."  King's  sod,  in  pulling  »t  her  ^avo,  teirs  the  --ieeTe, 
rcvenling  ihe  gilded  robe  undemeith  ikin.— (lo)  Ne»t  Sunda;  she  i*  left  m 
at  (line  lo  cook  dinner.  She  fetches  uteniili  from  rock-  On  retuminic 
from  church  everyone  is  convinced  Cinderelli  i»  no  ordimuy  person.  Sis'cr*. 
who  b*ve  hilberto  despised  her,  are  now  Bshimed.  — (nl  Cindrrelh  tucomet 
daaghter-io  Uw  l-j  Ihe  queen. 


■    MW.     MS.  CoUeclions.     By   K.i.-irlc  Krohn.     From  SuoiSrvj  in    25! 
Carelia.     1884.    (Nanated  by  Taljan.T  Ignatjova,  of  Koilajar^i, 
sister  of  lib.     She  is  59  years  of  agf,  and  Icamt  the  slory  from 
her  tnothor,  Mairova  Karpova,  who  died  lo  years  ago.  at  the 
age  of  seventy.) 

"The  Swineherd." 

(1)  There  we  three  young  girls;  the  yoangest  is  Cindere!l«.  The  other 
Iwo  have  for  six  week;  been  washing  tlieir  hinds  in  new  milk,  that  they  may 
make  clothes  (or  the  king's  son.  They  set  out,  and  Cioderelia  follows  them. 
They  walk  on  and  on.  — (i)  A  cow  meets  them,  and  says:  "Milk  me.  young 
I  Tadicf.''  "  What !  soil  our  hands  after  washing  ihcm  for  six  weeks  in  new 
ttilk  f"  Cinderella  comes  along  and  milks  cow,  lets  it  drink,  washes  the  pail, 
and  puts  it  on  her  horns,  and  continues  on  her  way.  The  first  two  girls  are 
on  III  front.  — (J)  A  sheep  comes  up  to  Cinderella,  and  says  ;  "Shear  me, 
dear  young  iadj  ;  my  wool  reaches  to  the  ground."  She  shears  sheep  with 
the  si  can  thai  are  on  its  back,  lakes  the  wool,  and  proceeds. —(4)  The 
grand  young  ladies  enter  a  hut,  where  Ihe  t)read  is  being  hurnl  in  the  oven. 
The  loavt«  say  :  "  Take  us  ont ;  wc  are  being  burnt."  *'  What  '.  soil  our 
land-,"  etc,  etc.,  and  they  go  on  their  vray.  Cinderella  enters  liul,  takei 
toavca  cot  of  the  oven,  piles  them  up,  and  goes  on  again. — <  J)  The  Iwo  girls 
coroe  upon  an  old  man  who  has  fallen  into  a  ditch.  "  Elelp  me  op,  dear 
yotini;  ladies."  They  eicUim  as  before.  CinderellB  follows,  helps  the  old 
man  up,  and  scats  him  at  the  edge  of  the  ditch-  (The  old  man  is  the  Savioiir.) 
He  gives  her  a  stick,  saying  ;  "  Go  to  a  certain  stone,  sUike  it  three  times 
wilh  this  itick.  It  will  open,  and  you  can  lake  out  aoythiog  yon  want." — 
(6)  Cinderetia  reochei  the  king's  court.  The  Iwo  girls  are  being  enteciained 
with  food  and  drink.  Cinderella  is  act  to  sift  cinders  in  a  dark  little  room, 
where  she  sees  nobnly.  Neat  day  king's  son  prepares  for  chnrch,  and  the 
two  g;irls  dress  quickly  to  go  irith  him.  Meanwhile  Cinderella  sits  in  her 
dark  inom.  Bat  preseni  Ij  she  goes  to  the  stone  of  which  old  man  told  her, 
strikes  il  with  her  slick,  and  three  horses  come  forth,  the  first  all  gilt,  ike 
second  silvered,  ami  the  third  quite  black.  Cinderella  dresses,  gets  in  car- 
riage, and  drives  lo  church.  She  kneels  down  beside  the  two  girls,  who  do 
not  recognise  her,  On  leaving  church,  she  drivel  qoickly  to  stone,  relunu 
tbc  horses  and  clothes,  and  goes  to  her  dark  room.     3i*teis  return,  and  all  sit 


596  CIVDEJtELLA   VARL^XTS, 

to  ubtr.     Someone  uts  thai  Onderelli  thould  be  tailed  to  dittaa  ; 
Kiltn  ttj  :  ■'  Ob.   Id  her  aJmie  1     She  will  fitui  plentj  of  Knps  when  the  b 
woihioe  np  "     Bat  iht  olbtn  mj  ^k  may  u  well  come  uid  cat  with  them. 
She  conies.     Tbey  uc  all  tiiktng  *boin   tbe  lovelj' gill  s'bo  wu  Bt  chitich. 
She  My>;    "ThM   wai  I."      Si>t«n  jeer  al  her,   and  say;  "Von    tnde«il, 
Kullion  I     If  you  don't  hold  yottr  tongue  difeclly  f  on  shall  be  tent  back  Ic 
your  daik   hole." — (7)  N«»I  day  all  go  to  church,  and  CiDdnella  gets 
linei  dolhet  Ttoid  the  ttooe,  and  honei  nine  times  mme  beanliful.     No 
in  church  can  go  on  pnying.      Everyone  gela  up  to  look  at  her.     Tbe  kin| 
•on  witches  her  ali  ihe  lirae      He  pnrsurs  her  afier  the  serricc,  bot  the 
into  carriage,  aod  it  olT.      Wnen  they  tetnm  from  charch  ereryone  is  lalkii 
ahoBt  tte  loTcly  girl.     Srstert  do  not  want  CindereiU  to  be  called 
bal  ihe  »  (etched,  and  is  apin  lilenced  by  listen  when  she  lays  ibe  kncl; 
gill   was   hcnelf.     King's   aan   ti   consumed   with   longing   Tor   the   )o*ely 
ilrangcr. — (S)  He  cauies  10  be  placed  in  front  of  the  cbatch  a  gtealer  trap 
than  on  Ibe  preceding  oocuiona.      (Trap  not  explained.)     On  the  morrow  Ibey 
■11  go  10  cbarcb  again.     Heroine  appears  in  Eplendoni  passing  deMrripIlon. 
All  look  at  her.      King's  son  can  gi»c  no  ear  to  what  ihc  priest  says.     When 
the  serHce  is  ended,  heroine  gets  into  bei  carriage,  bnl  Ihe  king's  1 
it,  and  ge(i  in  beside  her,    and  driies  to   Ihe  palace.     Then  he  mai 
and  they  li»c  happily  m  ibis  dsy.     The  linen  look  Ihenuclves  ofl 
knows  what  liecune  of  them. 


_  300    J»id.     MS.   Collection.     By  B.  A.  Paldani.     No.   I.    16.     185^ 
(From  Vlojarvi,   in  West   Finland.      Narraled    by  VilhtJmiM 

Lindfelt.) 

"The  Servants'  Pi.aces." 

(l)  Two  young  girls  wish  to  he  king's  terranlf.  Ones«Hout  lo  palae 
before  the  other,  and  meels  a  ram  with  shears  on  its  horns  asking  to  be  shorn. 
Girl  reliises,  saying  :  "  t  haife  washol  bands  and  feet  (or  ihiee  days,  so  as  to 
tnlei  king's  service." — [3)  Next  she  meets  cow  asking  to  be  milked,  and  gives 
tame  aniwer.— (3)  Then  she  meeu  old  man,  who  aikt  hef  to  comb  his  hair, 
and  refuses  him  in  same  words.  ^(4)  A  little  further  on  ihc  comes  to  n  well, 
which  lays.  "Clean  me  oat."  but  she  will  not.— (5)  When  she  reaches  palace 
a  bird  at  ihe  entrance  sing«;  "  Wickfl  'ervant.  you  won'l  fare  well  here."  A 
gnaid  at  ihe  door  of  the  first  room  uyx  :  "Don't  go  there  !*  bot  the  goe». 
A  man  in  Ihe  room  lays  :  "  Come  not  here  ;  only  blood  and  bones  are  in  ihl* 
room  1"  She  goes  to  another  room,  but  ihey  say  :  "  Cume  not  here  ;  lhei« 
is  naught  but  pain  and  woe  in  htie."  Then  she  goes  to  a  third  room,  whe 
they  give  ber  eight  grain),  three  peas,  and  eight  grains  of  salt,  and  Ind  ll 
make  food  nut  ol  it  (or  the  whole  household. — (6)  An  old  man,  with  » 
hair,  then  nppcais,  and  says  :  "  Let  mc_taiie  the  nit."  "  Don't  you  tske^ 
all."  ir  the  servant  had  not  said  this  he  would  have  acted  differently. 
lakes  it  all,  and  as  she  cannot  prepaie  a  meal  for  patace-folh,  she  ii 
Ibe  room  of  bones  and  Mood,  and  slain.— (7)  The  second  young  girl  ir 


SOC.   DE    Lirr.    KINN. — SDEGAARD. 


ti  noA  miiki  I 


It  the  old  a 


;  cIhiibu  ihe 


I 


well,  u)il  reaches  the  palace.— (8)  The  bird  on  tbc  door  sing)  :  "Good  servant. 

all  will  s,°  *e1l  with  you  here  I"   Sheenten  fimroom,  where  there  is  gold  and 

silver,  and  U  lold  Ihat  ia  where  she  b  to  live.  Then  they  give  her  eight  gralnt. 
'  peas,  and  eight  grains  ol  salt,  with  which  to  serve  king's  (able. — (9)  Old 
corner,  and  aski  to  taste  sate  "  Do  Uute  it,  then  I  shall  know  if  it  is 
!"  He  tastes  ii,  and  she  Jajs :  "  Take  a  little  more  !"    Then  she  prepares 

the  meal,  and  Is  very  well  received  for  being  able  to  make  food  out  of  so  little. 

She  is  installed  in  the  room  where  there  is  gold  and  silver. 


.  M.  SoEGA.ARD,  I  Fjeldbygdutte. 
■'  Kraake  Lance." 


sorceress,  who  ill- 


(Ij  Widower  and  daughter  sink  Ihrongh  a  little  hill  tc 
LaD){e,  who  has  a  daughter. — (1)  Widower  ntarries 
■retlh  bci  stepdaughter,  sends  her  to  herd  cattle,  and  tr 
the  leas  food  ihe  gives  her  the  better  she  seems  nourishci 
daughler  a  coaple  of  magic  eyes  to  put  into  her  neck,  and  sends  her  to  spy  on 
beroioe.  Stepsister  discovers  that  heroine  eats  from  the  ear  of  an  oi,  and 
tells  bcr  molber.  A  pitfall  is  made  in  the  road.  Oi,  understanding  every- 
thing, drives  I  he  cows  into  the  trap,  and  they  are  killed.  ^4)  Then  ox  says  to 
heroine,  "  One  of  us  must  die  ;  better  I  ihin  you.  When  I  am  dead  lake  and 
bury  my  bon»,  walk  over  my  grave,  wish  for  three  things,  and  you  shall  get 
ihem."  Heroine  does  as  bidden  when  ox  i«  slain.  She  wishes  for  a  horse,  a 
saddle,  and  three  dresses — a  poor  one,  a  middling  one,  and  a  very  lovely  one. 
When  summer  is  over  heroine  is  ordered  to  spin  hard. — (5)  Tlie  rest  go  to 
church  She  puts  on  her  poorest  dress  and  tides  after  ihem.  She  enters  the 
church  lost  and  leaves  first.  On  her  return  a  young  man  accosts  her  and  asks 
her  to  follow  him  home.  She  lets  her  whip  drop  ;  he  springs  from  his  hatse 
■o  pick  it  up,  and  she  loo  dismounts.  Directly  she  is  on  the  ground  she  wishes 
herself  iiome  behind  the  oven,  and  is  there ;  tor  when  wearing  that  dress  any 
wi>h  ol  hers  is  instantly  fulfilled.  — (6)  Next  Sunday  she  weora  the  middling 
dreii,  and  on  the  way  borne  lets  hei  golden  >hoe  drop,  and  the  young  man 
gets  it  and  keeps  it.  (Third  Sunday  forgollen.]— (7)  He  seeks  everywhere 
for  someone  whom  ihe  ^hoe  will  fiL  At  last  he  comes  to  a  little  hi!l  whence 
issues  agreeable  smell  of  cooking  ;  he  sinks  down  and  comes  to  Kiaake 
LkDge,     Neither  she  nor  her  daughter  can  get  the  shoe  on,  but  it  fits  heroine. 

— (8)  The  young  man  is  heroine's  brother,  and  he  serves  the  king,  whom  he 
tetU  of  sister's  great  beauty.  King  wants  to  see  her,  and  brother  is  sent  to 
fetch  her. 

[The  tale  passes  into  thai  of  "  Buskebmd",  Asbjornsen,  No.  LV  (Dasenl's 

' '  Bushy  Bride"),  about  ihe  girl  who  is  thrown  from  the  ship  ii 


stepmother  and  stepsister,  and  c 


:s  thiic 


i  castk  in  the  U 


398 


Cinderella  variants. 


j  1 1 1    C^-  Stier,  Ungarische  Sagen  und  MttrcHeti,  aus  der  Erd^lyischej 
Sammlung  uberset/t.     Berlin,  1S50.     No.  V,  pp.  34-45. 

"lilt   DRKI    tviifflCSroCHTER," 

( I )  King  has  three  daughters,  bat  U  too  poor  to  keep  them.     Their  sli 
EODiher  pcriuadei  him  to  take  them  into  forest  and  lose  ihem  in  the  dorkne 
Voungest  daughter  overhcEra  this,  and,  whilst  king  aiiU  queen  Aleep,  ^etii  up 
la  seek  advice  of  godmother,  who  is  a  witch.   A  little  magic  Bleed  in  waiting  at 
door  tor  her,  and  carries  her  to  witch,  who  E'*'«het  a  ball  of  thread,  which  she  i« 
Iti  unwind  as  she  goes  through  forest,  so  as  to  be  able  to  retrace  her  steps, 
But   this  is  given  only  on  condition  that  heroine  does  not  rescue  her  Iwo 
wicked  sisters.     Next  day  stepmother  takes  daughters  into  forest  to  gather 
faggots,  and  then  bids  [hem  rest  under  tree.     They  fall  uteep,  and  she  ri 
oil  otid  leaves  them.     Elder  daughters  begin  weeping  on  awakening,  I 
hecoine  knows  way  home.     She  will  not  take  sisters  with  her,  but  [" 
praise  and  tlaltcr  her  till  at  length  she  consents.     Father  is  plcu«d  to  teefl 
them  again,  but  stepmother's  joy  is  feigned. — (l)  In  the  night  she  telU  ItingH 
[hat  she  means  to  lead  ihem  still  further  into  the  forest,  and  itcscit  them. 
Heroine  overhears,  and  goes  as  before  to  witch,  who  scolds  her  for  hiring 
brought  sisters   back,  and,  with  the  same  injunction,   give*  her  this  time 
a  little  sack  □[  ashes,  with  which  she  must  strew  the  path  as  Ihej  go.    All 
happens  as  beiuiE,  and  again  heroine  is  pcrsuoded  to  bring  sinters  home  witll 
her.— (3)  She  again  overheari  pareitu'  talk,  and  is  now  ashamed  lo  go  to 
witch,  whom  she  has  twice  disobeyed,  aud  thinlu  lo  be  able  to  lielp  hciscU 
this  time.     So  she  takes  a  sack  ol  groin  to  make  a  trail,  and  is  willing  lu 
lead  sislen  home,  only  she  finds,  to  her  dismay,  thai  birds  have  eaten  evcty 
single  grain.     The  three  girls  wander  hither  and  ihilher  alt  day,  and  at  ls»t 
come  to  a  well,  and  quench  then  thirst.— (4)  They  hnd  an  acorn  under  aa 
oak  where  they  rest,  plant  it  iu  the  ground,  and  carry  waler  in  their  moulhl 
from  well  to  water  it.     Next  day  it  has  grown  as  high  as  a  lower,  and 
heroine  ascends  It  to  spy  for  some  human  abode  in  [he  neighbourhood.     Bat 
she  sees  nothing,  and  they  weep.     Next  morning  ihe  tree  is  twice  as  higbi 
but  still  heroine  can  espy  nothing  from  its  top.     On  llie  third  day  il  is  higher 
still,  and  lierome  sees  a  lillle  bghled  window  in  the  (*t  distance,  and  lead* 
sisters  lo  il.— (it  They  now  begin  to  ill-Ueal  her,  take  away  the  tiundle  o(  1 
clothes  wliich  she  had  thought  to  biing  from  home.     They  beat  her,  nnd  lelt  \ 
her  she  must  say  they  are  the  daughter*  of  a  rich  king,  nnd  she  ii  ihelt  \ 
servaiiL     'Ibey   wander  ihiu  for  ibicc  days,   till  tliey  reach  a  magnifioeu  1 
palace.    They  enter  lull  of  hope,  ai]d  arc  alarmed  to  see  a  giantess  loukinK' 
down  (torn  tlic  lower,  with  an  eye  Ijke  a  plate  in  the  middle  uf  her  rorebead,  I 
and  a  tuw  of  teeth  a  span  long.     '*  tiuod  day,  cbllilicii,"  toais  the  giMlleB|  J 
"you   will  make  a  prime  toast."     Ihcy  aie  terrifiedi    but  hcromc  s 
iUtleriugly  to  her,  and  says  they  will  make  her  »  lovely  dles^  if  she  will  Ul  I 
them  atone.— (6j  Giantess  shuts  them  up  In  ■  cupboonJ,  so  that  husband  f 
slioll  not  see  them.     He  is   much   bigger  than  his   wife,   and  comet  in,  J 


sfiEfe.  399 

sniffing  about,  and  threatening  to  eat  her,  if  she  gives  him  nothing  ebe. 
Girls  are  brought  out,  but  they  plead  for  mercy,  promising  to  cook  a  dainty 
dish  for  giant.  They  are  spared,  becau^^  giant  thinks  he  will  eat  them  all  to 
himself  when  wife  is  not  by,  and  wife  has  the  same  idea.  Girls  begin  baking 
and  cooking.  The  elder  girls  knead  dough,  whilst  heroine  heats  an  enor- 
mous oven.  After  awhile  she  calls  giant,  and,  having  put  a  lump  of  fat  in 
oven,  tells  him  to  lick  it  and  see  if  it  is  hot  enough,  for  then  the  oven  would 
be  heated  sufficiently.  Scarcely  has  the  giant  put  his  head  inside  oven  than 
heroine  pushes  him  in,  and  he  is  burnt  to  death. — (7}  Giantess  is  in  a  great 
rage,  and  would  devour  heroine,  only  she  persuades  her  to  let  her  dress  her 
fit  St.  So  heroine  crawls  on  to  giantess's  head  to  comb  her  hair,  but,  instead 
of  thL«,  she  hits  her  on  the  head  with  an  iron  hammer,  and  she  falls  dead. 
The  girls  drag  the  corpse  out  with  twenty-four  pair  of  oxen,  and  are  sole 
possessors  of  the  castle. — (8)  The  following  Sunday  elder  sisters  go  to  dance 
in  the  town.  Heroine,  who  is  left  at  home  as  servant,  searches  again  and 
again  through  all  the  rooms  of  the  castle.  She  catches  sight  of  something 
shining  in  chimney,  throws  a  stone  at  it,  and  gold  key  falls  into  her  hand. 
She  tries  it  in  all  doors  and  cupboards.  At  last  she  opens  little  cupboard, 
which  is  full  of  lovely  clothes,  as  though  made  for  her.  She  dons  a  silver 
dress,  finds  a  magic  steed  waiting  outside,  and  goes  to  dance.  She  is  the 
beauty  of  the  ball,  quite  eclipsing  her  sisters.  Suddenly  she  disappears,  and 
when  sbters  return  she  has  resumed  old  clothes.  They  tell  how  much  they 
were  enjoying  themselves  till  some  grand  lady  came  and  cut  them  out. 
Heroine  says,  "I  suppose  I  was  that  lady";  and  they  scold  and  slap  her. — 
(9)  Next  Sunday  all  happens  as  before :  heroine  appears  in  gold  dress.  On 
the  third  Sunday  she  wears  a  diamond  dress.  But  this  time  the  young  men 
are  determined  not  to  lose  sight  of  her,  and  follow  close  when  she  leave& 
She  drops  a  shoe,  and  dares  not  wait  to  pick  it  up.  It  comes  into  the 
possession  of  kbg's  son,  who  treasures  it. — (lo)  After  a  time  he  falls  ill,  and 
doctors  can  do  nothing.  His  father  is  in  despair,  when  a  strange  physician 
tells  him  that  marriage  is  the  only  cure  for  his  son,  who  is  sick  of  love. 
Father  bids  prince  confess  his  love,  and  he  says  he  will  only  wed  owner  of 
shoe. — (11}  The  following  Sunday  all  women  are  to  come  and  try  shoe. 
Elder  sisters  present  themselves,  having,  with  aid  of  heroine,  chopped  their 
feet  to  make  them  smaller.  As  soon  as  they  have  started,  heroine  puts 
fellow*shoe  in  handkerchief,  dons  finest  dress,  and  rides  on  magic  steed  to 
appointed  place.  On  the  way  she  overtakes  sisters,  and  splashes  them  all 
over  with  mud  by  riding  through  puddle.  When  she  arrives,  a  hundred  guns 
are  fired,  and  all  the  bells  ring.  But  she  will  not  own  her  shoe  without 
making  trial  of  it,  and  puts  it  on.  Then  she  draws  forth  its  fellow,  and  is 
acclaimed  queen,  with  three  hundred  guns. — (12)  She  will  only  accept  the 
honour  on  condition  that  her  father  is  restored  to  his  lost  kingdom.  Vi  ben 
this  is  done,  she  marries  king's  son,  and  sisters  return  to  live  with  their 
father. 


CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 


[  301     MiJAT  Stojanovic,  Narodne  Pripmnedkt  (Folk-tales).     Zagabris 
(?  Agram),  1879.     Pp.  115  fT. 

"KcERKA  I  I'astorka"  (Daughter  and  Stepdaughter). 

(t)  Heioine's  widowed  faiher  marries  a  widow,  who  brings_  her  own  danghlo 
wilh  her.     Sleptnolher  Ul-treats  hcioine,  and  one  day  petsuades  father  to  lead 
her  into   the  /uresi,  where  [he  miul  ).pend  ihe  day  id  p[ckin|j  lU  ihe  sliaw- 
berries  that  are  to  be  found,  and  ihe  night  ia  apinning.     Heroine  is  forced  la 
pass  ihe  night  in  a  cotlaije,  to  light  the  fire  and  cook  the  polmta  — (l)  Mean- 
while a  tittle  mouie  (wiuir)  appears  10  her,  and  asks  heriune  for  a  spoonful  of 
ponidgc.     She  promises  to  give  more  if  only  it  will  staj  Eo  keep  her  company. 
The  lillle  mouse  salisliet  lis  hunger,  and  then  hides  in  a  hole. — (3)  Presently 
hrro'ne  falls  asleep  ;  a  bear  gets  into  ihe  collage,  wakes  her  up,  Uds  her  put 
out  Ihe  file,  hang  a  little  bell  round  her  neck,  and  pla*  wilh  him  at  blindmtD's 
buff  [ilijipt  bail).     Then  Ihe  mouse,  having  climbed  an   lo  her  shoulder, 
whitprr'  in  her  ear,  bidding  het  not  be  frightened,  but  quickly  bang  Ihe  belt 
on  his  neck,  and  he  will  willingly  play  with  the  bear  in  bet  stead.    This  done, 
heroine  hides  in  an  Bfgle,  and  the  mou«e  brgins  ihe  game  with  the  bear,  who 
thinkilo  be  playing  wiih  ihe  girL     The  bear  exetu  himielf  far  ■  long  time  to 
no  purpose,  and,  being  tired  nut  and  vanquished,  tells  the  girl  that  she  plays 
the  game  splendidly,  and,  ai  she  has  won,  he  gives  her  ai  a  priK  a  stud  {trgeld) 
of  horses  and  a  carl  load  of  silver.     Then  the  bear  lakes  himself  off 
foiest. — (4)  Next  day  wicked  stepmother  tends  her  husband  into  the  foti 
with  an  f  ipty  sack,  to  see  how  many  ttiawberries  heroine  has  picked  duri 
the  day,       d  how   much  thread   she  has  spun  during   the   night 
liule  house-dog  announces,   barking,   the  return  of  heroine  from  the  foi 
"  Bow-wow. wow  !  here  tomes  our  daughter  home  again.     By  her  picking 
her  spinning  she  has  gaii  ed  an  immense  sum  of  money,  a  whole  stud  of  hai 
some  Bleeds  as  well.'     Stepmother  says  dog  is  lying  ;  that  whal  they  hear 
not  Ihe  stamping  of  the  horses  and  the  noise  of  Ihe  cartiage,  but  Ihe  rattlil 
in    ihe   sack    of  stepdaughter's   dry    bones.      When     slepmolher    really 
heroine  coming  she  is  in  a  great  rage,  and  next  day  she  sends  husband  will 
her  own  daughter  into  ihe  forest. — (6)  Daughter  drives  mouse  away  with  ihe' 
spoon,  am'    when  bear  comes,  is  obliged  to  hang  bell  round  her  neck  and  play 
with     im.     The  mouse,  instead  of  helping  her,  exults  over  her  misFortBiiei, 
For  ihc  b       kills  her  in  an  instant— (7)  Next  day  stepmother  sends 
iilo   the  faiest  10  fetch  back  her  daughter  wilh  ber  two  carl-loads  of  mi 
and  two  studs  of  horses.  —(8)  Bui  ihe  dog  announces,  tiaiking,  that  her 
band  is  letuming  with  the  sack  on  his  shuolders  full  of  her  daughter's  boci 
Stepmother  will  not  believe  11.  and  tries  to  coax  the  dug  10  announce  bappii 
things.      But  Ihe  animal  only  repeals  the  pitiful  tidings,  anil  husband  mean- 
while appears  with  his  gruesome  burden,  at  sight  of   which  mother  begin* 
wailing  desperately,  and  next  day  she   dies.— (9)  Father  lives  happUy  itlltt 
heroine  till   she   marries  a  nice  young  man  ;  and  Ihcy  ore  ever  afterwards 
prosperous  and  blessed.    And  the  little  dog  was  pleased,  for  It  wai  heard  not 
far  off,  saying,  **  Bow- wow* wow." 


iband^JI 

ppi«^^ 


STRAPAROLA. — SUTERMElSTER.  40I 

Straparola,  Le  tredici piacevoli  notti  del  S.  Gio  Francesco  Stra-    200 
parola  da  Caravaggio.     Venice,   1569.     Lib.  i.      Favola  IV, 

PP-  27-33- 

(i)  Tebaldo,  prince  of  Salerno,  promises  dying  wife  only  to  marry  whomso- 
ever a  certain  ring  will  fit.  After  a  time  the  promise  becomes  known,  and 
ladies  come  to  try  ring,  which  proves  either  too  large  or  too  small,  fitting  none. 
— (2)  One  day,  during  dinner,  Doralice,  Tebaldo*s  daughter,  tries  mother's 
ring,  and  shows  father  that  it  fits,  whereupon  he  wishes  to  marry  her. — (3) 
Heroine  goes  for  advice  to  old  nurse,  who  hides  her  in  wardrobe  which  had 
contained  mother's  robes  and  jewels,  and  which  none  but  she  can  open  from 
without.  She  gives  heroine  supply  of  certain  liquor,  a  few  drops  of  which 
will  sustain  life  for  a  long  time. — (4)  Father,  having  missed  daughter,  cannot 
bear  sight  of  wardrobe,  and  has  it  carried  to  the  piazza.  A  Genoese  merchant 
buys  it,  ships  it  to  Britannia,  and  there  sells  it  to  the  king  Genese,  who  has  it 
conveyed  to  his  own  chamber. — (5)  Heroine  comes  out  when  alone,  sweeps 
and  adorns  room,  and  covers  the  bed  with  roses.  King  makes  inquiries 
about  it  of  his  mother,  and  at  length  hides  in  the  room,  after  feigning  depar- 
ture, and  thus  surprises  heroine. — (6)  He  marries  her,  and  they  have  two 
sons. — (7)  Tebaldo  traces  the  disposal  of  wardrobe,  havbg  suspected  that 
heroine  had  been  hidden  in  it.  Disguised  as  a  merchant,  he  reaches  Britain, 
and,  showing  his  wares  to  his  daughter,  promises  to  make  her  a  present  if 
he  has  permission  to  sleep  one  night  in  her  children's  room.  He  spills  sleep- 
ing draught  prepared  for  him,  murders  the  children,  leaving  bloody  knife  in 
queen's  possession,  and  escapes  by  the  window. — (8)  An  astrologer  is  con- 
sulted, and  pronounces  that  bloody  knife  will  be  found  upon  the  murderer.  It 
is  found  in  queen's  keeping,  and  she  is  to  die.^  She  is  buried  alive,  naked,  up 
to  her  chin,  and  well  nourished,  so  that  she  may  linger  long  while  the  worms 
devour  her. — (9)  The  astrologer,  who  is  Tebaldo  in  disguise,  returns  home 
full  of  satisfaction,  and  relates  to  old  nurse  all  that  has  happened.  Old  nune 
sets  off  secretly,  reaches  Britain,  and  teUs  king  of  Doralice's  innocence,  and  all 
that  had  befallen  her.  Heroine  is  released  from  living  tomb. — (10)  King 
sends  army  to  Salerno ;  Tebaldo  is  brought  prisoner  to  Britain,  carried  round 
the  town  in  a  chariot  drawn  by  four  horses,  then  torn  into  four  quarters 
with  red-hot  pincers.     His  flesh  is  thrown  to  rabid  dogs. 


Otto  Sutermeister,  Kinder-  und  Hausmdrchen  aus  der  Schwtiz^    264 

Aarau,  1869.     Pp.  1 10-12. 

"  ASCHENGRUDEL." 

(i)  Heroine's  parents  die,  leaving  her  nothing  but  a  wonderful  scintillating 
dress  and  a  testament      No  one  knows  whence  it  came.     She  wraps  the 

*  See  note  64. 

D  D 


402 


CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 


liias  ID  a  cloth,  and  goc:  out  seeking  employment. — (l|  At  last  she  is 
at  n  grand  house  to  do  kilchen  and  (tabic  wnik,  and  is  called  AuhengmbeL 
She  leaves  her  dzesi  under  a  fir-tree. — (3)  Afler  a  time  there  is  lo  be  miuic 
and  dancing,  and  the  son  of  the  bouse  is  in  high  spitilx.  Heroine  geti  per- 
mission to  go  lo  the  dancing -gceen,  but  must  on  no  account  dance.  She  biei 
to  fit-tree,  washes  at  a  spring,  then  dons  hei  wonderful  dress.  When  she 
ppeais  on  the  gieen,  everyone  looks  at  her,  and  hei  mistress's  sin  invites  her 
to  dance.  She  will  not  yield  lo  his  enlieaties.  Ptesently  she  runs  oflT,  re- 
turns dress  to  fir-tree,  and  makei  her  hand^  and  face  diny,  A  liny  little  man 
conies  out  from  behind  tree,  greets  her  kindly,  and  disappears  suddenly. — (4) 
Son  of  the  house  has  no  more  peace  till  there  it  another  dance.  Again 
heroine  geti  leave  lo  go  i(  she  will  not  dance.  She  i^oes  as  heroic.  Son  is 
delighted  10  see  her,  and  enlreals  her  lo  dance.  Whilst  she  hesitates,  be  trie* 
10  snitch  a  kiss,  but  she  runs  off  to  fir-tree  and  retum-S  dress.  Little  man 
Gomes  forth  and  greets  her  sCilJ  more  kindly.  ~(S)  There  ii  a  third  dance,  and 
all  happens  as  before.  Mistreu's  son  seiifis  heroine  by  tht  hand,  aud  will  not 
release  her  till  the  promises  to  marry  him.  She  tells  him  she  is  his  parents' 
menial,  Aschengnibel.  Whosoever  she  be,  he  will  m-irry  her,  and  the  wed- 
ding-day is  lixed.  Heroine  wishes  to  remain  unknown  till  then  ;  be  most 
promise  to  keep  her  name  secret.  She  goes  to  fir-tree  ;  little  mRn  meels  her, 
beaming  all  over  with  friendliness.— (6)  When,  on  the  wedding  morning,  sbe  1 
comos  foi  the  last  time  lo  get  her  dress  from  fir-tree,  the  little  man  appears  1 
full  of  rapluie,  and  says  ;  "  You  have  a  dowry  as  well-"  lie  gives  her  a  i 
book ;  she  opens  it,  and  linds  it  is  parents'  testament,  which  a 


4 


she  is 


a  great 


She  has 


a  tell  biideg 


I,  who  lakes  h< 


is  parents,     lltand  weddiiij;  follows. 


LII2    Benjamin    Thokpil,     Vu/e-Tidn    Stories.       Popular    Talt-s    and 
Traditions  froio  the  Swedish,  Danish,  and  German,     Pp.  112- J 
126.     (From  ihe  Swedish  district  of  North  SmSland.) 

"The  Little  Gold  Shoe." 
(I)  King  and  queen  had  fair  daughter;  queen  died;  king  married  widow  1 
with  daughter,  but  was  unhappy. — (z)  lie  died.    Stepmother  and  stepsister,  I 
jealous  of  daughter's benuly,  made  her  kilchen  drudge,  calling  her  ''Cinder-  1 
Girl", — (j)  l-'oreigu   prince    eaiue    wooing,   whereat   stepmother  made  her  I 
daughter  smart  lo  ride  in  gilded  coach  to  church,  aud  bade  Cinder-Girl  sla 
sweep  and  cook.     Slepsl(,tci  showedher  fine  drtss,  and  was  angry  when  Cinder-  J 
Girl  said  ^be  a)s<i  might  go  to  church,  and  stegimolbcr  scattered  peas,  bidding  I 
her  pick  them  all  up.  ^(4)  Cinder. Girl  went  to  spring  foi  water,  and  drof 
>  tear  therein,  when  pike  arose  and  asked  why  she  cried.     Me  told  her  she  I 
would  find  in  oak  wme  5tie  clothes  and  a  palfrey  whereon  to  ride  to  chureb. 
She  WDS  10  «il   between   stepmother  and   daughter,  but  lo  say  nothing,  and 
liuriy  home  before  them  to  change  clothes — (5)  All  this  she  did,  and  hex 
adver  dies  cast  brigbtncu  aioond.  so  that  the  pimce  was  smitten  and  followed 


THORPE.  403 

her  when  she  left ;  but  she  reached  home  and  donned  her  old  clothes. — 
(6)  Stepmother  and  daughter  were  furious  at  the  coming  of  the  stranger  to 
church,  and  were  all  bustle  to  look  Boer  than  ever  next  Sunday. — (7)  Then  all 
happened  as  before,  save  that  Cinder-Girl  had  to  pick  up  a  scattered  bushel  of 
groats,  and  that  she  went  to  church  in  a  habit  of  purest  gold. — (8)  So  it  was 
upon  the  third  Sunday,  when  she  had  to  gather  up  a  spilt  bushel  of  meal,  and 
appeared  at  church  in  garments  brilliant  with  gems,  while  on  her  head  was  a 
crown  of  gold. — (9)  This  time  the  prince  caused  tar  to  be  spilt  at  the  church 
door,  and  one  of  her  gold  shoes  stuck  in  it,  but  she  dared  not  stay  to  pick  it 
up  ;  whereon  the  prmce  did  so.  The  people  followed  her  so  closely  that  as 
she  reached  the  oak  she  could  only  throw  her  ragged  clothes  over  the  jewelled 
dress  and  hurry  home,  where  she  feigned  to  be  hard  at  work. — (10)  The 
prince  gave  notice  through  all  the  realm  that  only  the  woman  whom  the  shoe 
fitted  would  he  wed. — (11)  But  as  none  could  pass  that  test,  he  roamed  till  he 
came  to  the  palace,  when  the  stepmother  shut  up  Cinder-Girl  in  the  oven,  and 
vainly  strove  to  force  her  daughter's  foot  into  the  shoe  by  chopping  ofif  her 
heels  and  clippbg  her  toes. — (12)  As  the  girl  again  tried  on  the  shoe  a  bird 

sang: 

"  Chop  heel  and  clip  toe ! 
In  the  oven  is  she  whom  fits  the  gold  shoe." 

The  prince  heard  this,  and  the  stepmother  sought  to  put  him  off ;  but  the  bird 
sang  a  second  and  a  third  time,  so  that  the  prince  had  the  oven  searched,  and 
Cinder-Girl  was  brought  out. — (13)  Then  the  shoe  was  tried  and  it  was  as  if 
it  had  grown  to  her  foot ;  and  the  prince,  seeing  a  gleam  of  gold  on  her, 
snatched  off  her  coarse  garment,  when  she  stood  in  dazzling  beauty,  and 
became  his  queen. — ( 14)  All  the  guests  danced  at  the  wedding,  except  the 
stepdaughter  whose  toes  had  been  cut  off  by  her  mother. 


Ibid.y   pp.    126-33.       Version   from  Ostergotland.      (Printed  in    113 
J.   Arwidsson's  Ldse-  och  Ldro-bok  for  Ungdom,      Stockholm, 
1830.     Pp.  19-25.) 

(i)  On  going  to  church  queen  gives  stepdaughter  morsel  of  black  bread  and 
little  milk  in  cat's  saucer  ;  strews  bushel  of  peas  on  floor  for  Cinder-Girl  to 
pick  up  by  her  return. — (2)  Little  white  ermine  comes  to  weeping  heroine,  who 
gives  it  milk  and  tells  her  trouble.  Ermine  blows  on  peas,  which  fly  back 
into  measure  ;  takes  heroine  to  oak  in  forest,  where  she  gets  dresses,  a  palfrey 
and  little  pages,  and  goes  to  church.  [Continuation  of  story  resembles  the 
above.] — (3)  On  third  Sunday  Ermine  requests  heroine  to  run  knife  into  its 
heart,  in  return  for  its  services  to  her.  Heroine  stabs  it  reluctantly. — (4) 
Three  drops  of  blood  fall,  from  which  springs  comely  prince,  who  instantly 
vanishes. 


D  D  2 


404  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 

114  Variant  from  Gottland. 

"  KrAk-Pels." 

(i)  Stepdaughter  must  wear  cloak  of  crow's  feathers,  because  she  is  so  much 
more  beautiful  than  crone's  own  daughter.  Hence  she  is  called  Krlk-Pels,  f.^., 
Crow-Cloak. — (2)  Little  old  man,  with  whom  she  shares  breakfast,  aids  her.  He 
takes  her  to  forest,  and  by  blowing  a  pipe  procures  her  dresses  like  stars,  like 
the  moon,  like  the  sun. — (3)  She  goes  thrice  to  church  without  being  reco^ised. 
— (4)  When  prince's  messenger  comes  to  crone's  dwelling  to  try  gold  shoe, 
Krak-Pels  is  frightened,  and  hides  in  oven.  Bird  in  tree  betrays  her. — (5)  She 
marries  king's  son,  and  shows  kindness  to  stepmother. 


115  Variant  from  South  SmMand. 

"  ASKE-PjESKE." 

(i)  Heroine,  called  "  Aske-Pjeske",  is  left  at  home  to  prepare  peas  whilst 
stepmother  and  stepsister  go  to  church  to  meet  foreign  prince. — (2)  She  weeps; 
bird  pecks  at  casement  and  sings  : 

**  Little  maiden,  go  to  church  ; 
I  will  clean  thy  peas ; 
I  will  sweep  and  clear,  and  do  all  things, 
Believe  me." 

— (3)  Eagle  flics  past  and  drops  splendid  dress,  in  which  she  goes  to  church. 

Prince  throws  white  silk  glove  into   her  lap. — (4)  Next  Sunday  he  throws 

second  glove,  and  on  third  Sunday  a  gold  apple. — (5)  When  prince  and  his 

attendants  come  to  try  gold  shoe,  crone  shuts  stepdaughter  in  stable  and  cuts  off 

own  daughter's  heels  and  toes.      Prince  will  not  believe  she  is  right  girl. 

Crone  produces  silk  gloves  and  gold  apple  ;  but  bird  pecks  at  casement  and 

sings : 

"  They  cut  off  her  heel,  they  cut  off  her  toe  ; 

In  the  stable  is  she  whom  fits  the  gold  shoe." 
— (6)  Prince  marries  Aske-Pjeske. 


\\Q  Second  Variant  from  South  Smdland. 

Prince  drives  off  with  false  bride.     Bird  on  tree  by  bridge  sings  ; 

**  Chop  heel,  chop  toe, 
At  home  sits  the  damsel  in  the  bath-room  and  weeps. 
She  whom  fits  the  golden  shoe." 


THORPE.  405 

Third  Variant  from  South  SmAland.  1 17 

"  FroKEN    SkINN-PEI^    ROR    I    ASKAN." 

[Introduction  borrowed  from  the  story  of  **  De  trc  Under-sko-garne",  ue,^  the 
Three  Wonderful  Forests.] — (i)  Stepmother  sends  heroine  to  tend  cattle,  giving 
her  only  a  morsel  of  oatmeal  bread. — (2)  She  weeps  under  tree ;  huge  white  bear 
asks  why  ;  promises  help  if  she  will  be  true  to  him  ;  gives  her  pipe  of  gold  on 
which  to  blow  whenever  she  would  speak  with  him. — (3)  Stepmother  and  step* 
daughter,  hearing  of  heroine's  benefactor,  lay  snares  to  entrap  bear.     Heroine 
goes  to  oak  in  forest,  blows  pipe,  and  warns  bear.     She  escapes  on  bear's 
back,  promising  to  obey  him.     They  come  to  silver  forest ;  heroine  disobeys, 
and  plucks  silver  leaf ;  wild  beasts,  lions,  tigers,  pursue  bear.     He  comes  out 
of  forest  half-dead  with  fear.    Same  thing  happens  in  gold  forest  and  in 
diamond  forest. — (4)  They  reach  a  spring.    Bear  says  they  must  part ;  one  must 
descend  into  fountain.     Heroine  is  willing  to  go,  but  bear  gives  her  knife, 
bids  her  slay  him  and  throw  carcase  into  fountain,  then  clothe  herself  in  skin, 
and  take  service  at  king's  palace. — (5)  She  gets  employment  in  kitchen,  and  sits 
in  chimney-comer  raking  the  cinders.     People  are  struck  with  her  garb  and 
manner,   and  call    her   "  Froken    Skinnpels  ror-i-askan"  (Miss  Skin-doak 
rakes-in-the-ashes). — (6)  King,  queen,  young  prince,  and  court  go  to  church ; 
master-cook  wants  to  go  too,  and  asks  Froken  Skinnpels  to  prepare  dinner. 
She  blows  golden  pipe,  and  says,  "  Up,  my  little  PyssHngs,^  prepare  dainty 
dinner  for  royal  table.**    Swarm  of  little  Pysslings  obey  ;  then  she  asks  them 
for  silver  dress,  goes  to  church,  and  sits  between  queen  and  princess. — (7)  Prince 
falls  in  love  with  her. 


^  In  forests  and  wildernesses  the  spirits  of  little  children  that  have  been 
murdered  are  said  to  wander  about  wailing  within  an  assigned  space,  as  long 
as  their  lives  would  have  lasted  on  earth,  if  they  had  been  permitted  to  live. 
As  a  terror  for  uimatural  mothers  that  kill  their  offspring,  their  sad  cry  is 
said  to  be,  "  Mamma  I  mamma  !"  When  travellers  by  night  pass  such  places 
these  beings  will,hang  on  to  the  vehicle,  when  the  liveliest  horses  will  toil  as 
if  they  were  dragging  millstones,  will  sweat,  and  at  length  be  unable  to  pro- 
ceed further.  The  peasant  then  knows  that  a  ghost,  or  Pyssling,  has  attached 
itself  to  the  vehicle.  If  he  goes  to  the  horse's  head,  lifts  the  head-stall,  and 
looks  through  it  towards  the  carriage,  he  will  see  the  little  pitiable  being,  but 
will  get  a  smart  blow  on  the  ear,  or  fall  sick.  This  is  called  **  ghost-pressed" 
{gasikramad),     (Thorpe,  Northern  Antiquities,  ii,  94-95.) 


^.r 


406  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

118  Variant  from  Upland. 

"  KrAknabba-Pelsen." 

(Introduction  composed  of  originally  unconnected  fragments.) 

( i)  Stepdaughter  sent  without  food  to  tend  cattle  in  forest. — (2)  Black  ox  says, 
"  Shake  my  ear,  and  hold  thy  apron  under."  She  gets  delicate  food.  Step- 
mother treats  her  more  cruelly  still. — (3)  Sends  her  one  day  to  fetch  axe  left  out 
in  rain.  Heroine  finds  three  doves  sitting  on  haft  of  axe,  caresses  them,  and 
gives  them  food.  In  return  for  this  first  dove  says  gold  ring  shaU  fall  from  her 
mouth  every  time  she  speaks  ;  second  says  she  shall  grow  fairer  and  fairer  ; 
third  dove  says  she  shall  marry  a  king. — (4)  Stepmother  sends  own  daughter  for 
axe.  She  curses  doves  and  drives  them  away.  They  wish  that  a  frog  may 
spring  from  her  mouth  when  she  speaks ;  that  she  may  grow  fouler  every 
day  ;  that  her  nose  may  grow  longer  and  longer.  So  it  happens.  Her  nose 
is  like  a  crow's  nib,  and  so  long  that  she  cannot  open  a  door ;  she  hangs 
doak  over  it. — (5)  Black  ox  counsels  heroine  to  take  stepsister's  crow's-nib  cloak 
and  to  travel  away  with  ox,  who  gives  her  piece  of  tree,  a  bottle,  and  a  stone  to 
be  thrown  behind  one  at  a  time,  when  in  need. — (6)  Troll- wife  pursues  them; 
heroine  casts  piece  of  wood  behind,  and  a  forest  springs  up.  Crone  returns 
for  axe,  and  hews  down  forest.  Heroine  throws  bottle  ;  a  lake  appears  ;  crone 
fetches  horn  and  drinks  up  lake.  Heroine  casts  stone,  and  lofty  mountain 
rises ;  crone  fetches  pickaxe,  and  picks  and  hacks  till  mountain  falls  in  and 
buries  her. — (7)  Heroine  is  employed  as  stair-sweeper  at  palace,  rides  three 
Sundays  on  ox,  and  magnificently  clad,  to  church. — (8)  Third  time  prince 
watches  at  door  and  gets  her  shoe. — (9)  Shoe  test  at  palace  follows.  None 
can  wear  it.     Bird  sings  : 

"In  the  chimney  sits  the  damsel  whom  the  shoe  fits  ; 
In  the  chimney  sits  the  damsel  whom  the  shoe  fits." 

— (10)  Prince  finds  Kraknabba-Pelsen  in  kitchen,  and  marries  her. — (ii)  On 
wedding-day  she  visits  black  ox  in  meadow,  and  at  his  request  divides  him 
with  sword  into  three  pieces.     An  enchanted  prince  starts  up. 


J  J9  Variant  from  Upland. 

"  KrAkskinns-Maja." 

(i)  Wicked  queen  has  two  daughters  and  a  stepdaughter. — (2)  Neighbouring 
king  invites  girls  to  palace,  for  his  son  would  choose  a  wife.  Stepsisters, 
jealous  of  heroine's  beauty,  give  her  sleeping-draught,  and  start  oflf  without 
her.  When  she  wakes  she  runs  after  them.  —(3)  Driving  in  splendid  chariot, 
stepsisters  see  little  apple  roU  out  of  field.  Apple  cries,  **  Oh,  I  am  freezing !" 
They  order  driver  to  lash  it  with  whip.  Apple  rolls  on  and  meets  heroine, 
who  warms  it  in  her  bosom.    Same  thing  happens  with  pear  and  plum,  whioh 


THORPE.  407 

stq;>sisters  lash  with  whip,  and  heroine  warms  in  bosom.  Stepsisters  are 
received  at  palace  ;  heroine  takes  shelter  in  wayside  hut.— (4)  She  dons  an 
old  cloak  of  crow-skins,  puts  a  veil  over  face,  and  gets  employment  in 
palace  kitchen,  where  she  is  nicknamed  "  Krakskinns-Maja". — (5)  On  Sunday 
all  go  to  church.     Heroine  gets  dress  of  pure  silver  from  apple  ;  says  : 

**  Light  before  me. 
Darkness  after  me. 
And  may  no  one  know  whither  I  go.'' 

Sits  in  church  between  stepsisters.  Prince  falls  in  love  with  her. — (6)  Second 
Sunday  she  gets  dress  of  pure  gold  from  pear,  and  third  Sunday  dress  of 
precious  stones  from  plum. — (7)  Prince  runs  after  her  as  she  leaves  church,  and 
she  loses  one  gold  shoe.  Prince  will  wed  whomsoever  it  fits.  All  girls  of  high 
or  low  degree  must  go  to  palace ;  they  sit  behind  curtain,  and  in  turn  hold 
forth  a  foot  Shoe  is  too  small  for  all  except  heroine. — (8)  Prince  puts  aside 
curtain,  and  6nds  princess  in  dress  of  precious  stones.    He  marries  her. 


Ibid,^     pp.     236-44.       From    Hylten-Cavallius    and    Stephens,    302 

Svenska  Folk-Sagor  och  Afventyr,      (Story  from  South  Smi- 

land.) 

"The  Princess  in  the  Cavern." 

(i)  Heroine,  a  piincess,  is  betrothed  to  prince.  War  breaks  out,  and  king 
has  cavern  excavated  in  the  depths  of  a  forest,  and  shuts  heroine  up  in  it,  with 
provisions,  and  a  maid,  a  dog,  and  a  cock.  Heroine  takes  leave  of  her  be- 
trothed, who  is  to  accompany  king  to  battle,  and  makes  him  promise  to  wed 
no  one  who  cannot  wash  stains  from  certain  handkerchief,  and  finish  weaving 
her  gold  web. — (2)  King  is  killed  in  battle,  and  the  enemy  devastate  his 
land,  burning  royal  palace.  Prince  returns  to  his  own  country  ;  seeks  in  vain 
for  heroine. — (3)  For  seven  years  she  lives  with  her  maid  in  cavern,  doing 
gold  embroidery,  and  expecting  king's  return.  Then,  provisions  being  ex- 
hausted, they  kill  the  cock,  and  no  longer  can  note  flight  of  days.  Servant 
dies  of  grief.  Heroine  scrapes  a  hole  with  knife  in  cavern  roof,  and,  after 
three  days,  gets  out.— (4)  She  dons  servant*s  dothes,  and  sets  out  with  dog. 
After  long  wandering,  she  comes  upon  aged  charcoal-burner,  and  promises  to 
help  him  work  in  return  for  food.  From  him  she  learns  king's  death. — (5) 
When  old  man  can  give  her  no  more  work,  he  advises  her  to  seek  service  at 
king's  palace.  She  sets  forth,  and  comes  to  impassable  sheet  of  water,  and 
sits  down  at  its  marge  and  weeps.    Wolf  runs  out  of  forest,  and  says  : 

"  Give  me  thy  hound. 
Then  sbalt  thou  cross  over  wave  and  ground." 

Wolf  devours  dog,  then  says  : 

On  my  back  set  thee. 

The  waves  shall  not  wet  thee," 


<( 


408  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

and  lands  her  on  opposite  shore,  where  stands  royal  palace  of  which  her  be- 
trothed is  master,  having  succeeded  his  father  as  king. — (6)  He  has  been 
urged  to  choose  a  queen,  and  having,  after  seven  years*  vain  search  for  heroine, 
concluded  she  must  be  dead,  has  issued  proclamation  that  she  should  be  queen 
who  could  finish  princess's  gold  web  and  wash  stains  from  kerchief.  No  one 
has  been  skilful  enough  to  fulfil  conditions.     A  young  lady  of  rank  has  just 

o 

come  to  try,  and  to  her  heroine  applies  for  employment,  calling  herself  Asa* 
She  is  engaged  as  waiting- maid.  Young  lady  is  unable  to  complete  web.— 
(7)  One  day,  during  her  absence,  heroine  weaves  a  long  piece,  and  acknow- 
ledges to  mistress  that  she  has  done  it.  She  is  accordingly  made  to  finish 
web ;  but  whenever  king  enters  there  is  no  one  at  the  loom.  Handkerchief 
has  now  to  be  washed.  Young  lady  cannot  remove  stains  ;  heroine  washes  it 
for  her.  Kmg  inquires  why  young  lady  is  never  washing  when  he  is  present, 
and  she  makes  excuse :  '*  I  cannot  wash  linen  while  I  must  have  red  gold 
rings  on  my  fingers."  Preparations  are  made  for  wedding. — (8)  Bride  falls  ill 
on  wedding  morning,  and  makes  heroine  don  bridal  dress,  and  red  gold  rings 
and  red  gold  crown,  and  ride  to  church  in  her  stead.  They  come  to  bridge  of 
which  it  is  foretold  that  it  will  break  down  if  crossed  by  a  bride  not  of  royal 
lineage.     So  princess  says  : 

"  Stand  firm,  thou  bridge  wide  ! 
Two  noble  king's  children  over  thee  ride." 

o 

Prince  asks  what  she  says,  and  she  pretends  she  is  talking  to  Asa,  her  wait- 
ing-maid. They  reach  spot  where  had  stood  the  palace  of  heroine  s  lather. 
She  says : 

**  Here  only  thorns  and  thistles  grow, 
Where  whilom  gold  was  wont  to  glow. 
Here  litter  now  the  neat  and  swine. 
Where  once  I  served  both  mead  and  wine.*' 

Same  inquiry  from  prince,  same  answer.    They  come  to  lime-tree,  and  heroine 

says  : 

"  Here  art  thou  still,  thou  aged  tree  I 

Beneath  thy  shade  my  love  once  pledged  his  faith  to  me.' 


»> 


Same  question,  same  answer.     Presently  she  notices  pair  of  doves  flying,  and 
says  : 

**  Here  with  thy  mate  thou  shap*st  thy  flight. 
While  I  my  true  love  lose  to-night." 

Same  question  and  answer.    They  come  to  the  cavern  in  the  gloomy  forest. 
Prince  bids  heroine  tell  him  some  story  as  they  ride.    She  sighs,  and  says  : 

**  Seven  tedious  years  in  the  dark  cave  I  pined. 
Stories  and  riddles  there  passed  from  my  mind. 
Much  ill,  too,  befell  me, 
I've  helped  to  bum  coal ; 
Much  ill  have  I  suffered  ; 
On  a  wolf  I  have  ridden. 


THORPE.  409 

To-day  as  a  bride  I  go 
In  my  mistress's  stead." 

Same  question  and  answer.     They  reach  the  church,  and  heroine  says  : 

"  Here  Mary  was  I  named,  the  Rose  and  Star ^ 

O 

Now  I  am  Asa  called,  my  waiting*maid." 

Procession  enters  church  in  great  state,  the  musicians  walking  before.  The 
bridal  mass  having  been  read,  and  the  kiog  having  exchanged  rings  with 
bride,  he  clasps  round  her  waist  a  silver  girdle,^  which  none  but  he  can  un- 
lock.— (9)  Returning  to  palace,  heroine  exchanges  clothes  with  mistress.  In 
the  evening  king  asks  bride  all  the  things  she  had  said  in  the  morning  on  way 
to  church,  and  each  time  she  pretends  she  has  forgotten,  and  must  ask  Asa, 
her  waiting-maid.  But  when  he  presently  asks  what  she  has  done  with  the 
girdle,  she  knows  naught  of  it,  and  pretends  she  has  given  it  to  waiting-maid. 
Heroine  is  sent  for,  and  appears  wearing  girdle,  which  only  prince  can  unfasten. 
Bride,  seeing  her  falsehood  exposed,  leaves  the  palace  in  anger. — (10)  King 
recognises  heroine,  hears  all  that  has  befallen  her,  and  marries  her  mid  great 
rejoicings. 

\Note, — Thorpe  dtes  two  slightly  different  versions  of  the  above  story,  also 
from  South  Smaland,  in  the  first  of  which  it  is  a  bear  that  carries  heroine 
over  the  water,  on  condition  that  she  does  not  "  name  his  name".  In  the 
church  prince  gives  the  bride  a  pair  of  gloves  and  a  gold  apple.  In  the 
second  version  heroine  is  shut  up  in  a  mountain  by  wicked  stepmother,  and 
released  by  a  wolf.] 


Ibid,^  pp.  375-80.     (From  the  Danish.)  303 

"The  Girl  clad  in  Mouse-skin." 

(i)  Nobleman  had  daughter  ;  during  war  he  hid  her  and  dog  inside  mound ; 
she  was  not  to  leave  unless  he  came  not  for  seven  years.  She  spun  and  wove 
for  well-nigh  that  time,  till  food  nearly  gone ;  she  began  to  dig  way  out.  She 
and  dog  lived  on  mice,  of  whose  skins  she  made  cloak  to  cover  gold  dress. — 

(2)  At  last  she  left  mound ;  wandered  to  cottage ;  was  told  that  owner  of 
manor-house  was  killed  in  war,  leaving  girl,  of  whom  no  trace  could  be  found. 

(3)  Weeping,  she  went  to  manor-house  where  father  had  lived ;  asked  for 
work.  She  was  given  menial  place,  all  busy  there  over  wedding  of  young 
lord,  now  owner. — (4)  Day  before  wedding,  bride  told  her  she  was  marrying 
against  her  will ;  asked  her  to  wear  bridal-dress  and  be  wedded  in  her  stead, 
so  that  bride  might  wed  man  she  loved.  Girl  agreed,  when  bride  dressed ; 
sent  for  her,  and  they  exchanged  clothes. — (5)  On  way  to  church  girl  sighed  as 
mound  passed ;  wept  at  sight  of  parents'  portraits  in  church.  Then,  wedding 
over,  she  hurried  to  bride's  chamber ;  changed  dresses,  but  kept  ring  on 
finger. — (6)  At  wedding-ball  bridegroom  missed  ring  from  bride's  finger ; 


*^Sec  note  65. 


4IO  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

she  made  excuse ;  ran  to  girl,  who  would  agree  only  to  stretch  forth  hand 
in  dark.  But  bridegroom  dragged  her  into  ball-room,  and  saw  she  was 
girl  in  mouse*skin  dress.  Then  she  threw  dress  ofT;  stood  in  gold  attire 
lovely  to  look  on;  told  her  story. — (7)  Then  bridegroom  owned  her  as  his 
true  bride,  and  she  gave  lands  and  money  to  the  other,  who  married  her  tme 
love. 


120  TURIAULT,  Etude  sur  le  langage  Creole  de  la  Martinique  (pub- 
lished in  Bulletin  de  la  Sociktk  Academique  de  Brest,  Second 
Series.     Vol.  iii,  pp.  99-101.)     In  Creole /fatois. 

"  Cendrillon." 

(I)  Heroine  ill-treated  by  stepmother,  who  makes  her  do  menial  work  and 
sit  in  chimney-corner,  wherefore  she  is  called  **  Cendrillon". — (2)  Sisters  go 
to  a  ball,  and  she  must  dress  them.  Left  alone,  she  weeps,  and  a  fairy  appears 
to  comfort  her,  and  by  means  of  various  transformations  provides  carnage  and 
servants  to  take  her  to  ball.  She  touches  Cendrillon  with  her  wand,  and  her 
rags  turn  to  gorgeous  clothes  and  shoes.  Prince  dances  with  her  all  the 
evening,  and  she  leaves  at  midnight.  No  one  has  seen  her  pass. — (3)  Prince 
sends  servants  to  track  her.  She  drops  a  shoe  in  her  flight — (4)  Prince  will 
wed  the  owner.  All  the  princesses  and  grand  ladies  try  shoe  in  vain.  Cen- 
drillon wants  to  try  also,  and  is  laughed  at.  But  shoe  fits  her,  and  fairy  appears, 
strikes  her  with  wand,  and  she  is  clad  as  at  the  ball. — (5)  Prince  marries  her. 


121  J.  TvEDT,  Hornbdk,  Jljenunet  og  Skolen,  Ugeblad  for  Born  og 
Ungdom,  1873.  No.  XXXII,  p.  273.  ("Said  to  have  been 
communicated  by  narrator's  grandfather ;  apparently  retold 
from  Asbjornsen's  tale  in  Nor.  No.  i." — Moltke  Aloe.) 

(i)  Man  and  woman  have  son  and  daughter.  They  are  too  poor  to  get  a 
skirt  for  daughter,  and  at  last  hollow  out  an  oak-tree  log  as  a  petticoat  for  her. 
Parents  die,  leaving  only  a  cat  and  a  dog  for  the  children.  Boy  takes  the 
dog  ;  girl  takes  the  cat. 

[Story  proceeds  like  No.  ii,  "  Kari  Troestak".] 


201  Vernaleken,  F.  Th.,  Oesterreichische  Kinder-  und  Hausmdrihen, 
etc,     Wien,  1864.     {=  In  the  Land  of  Marvels,  p.  182.) 

"  Besom-Cast,  Brush-Cast,  Comb-Cast." 

(i)  Count  Rudolfs  wife,  who  has  gold  cross  on  brow,  dies  when  daughter, 
who  has  same  sign,  is  twenty.  Count  goes  in  search  of  a  second  wife,  telliof^ 
daughter  that  if  within  year  and  a  day  he  finds  no  one  with  cross  on  brow,  h« 


VERNALEKEN. — VISENTINI.  4II 

shall  marry  her. — (2)  Count  departs,  and  Adelaide  confides  plan  of  escape  to 
devoted  servant.  Sends  carriages  away  during  night  laden  with  jewels  and 
dresses,  and  sets  out  with  Gotthold  and  other  servants.  They  reach  city  and 
hire  a  house.  Adelaide  wishes  to  earn  her  living  ;  Gotthold  finds  her  situa- 
tion as  kitchen-maid  to  Prince  Adolf,  telling  head-cook,  in  whom  he  recognises 
old  friend,  that  she  is  his  niece.  Adelaide  paints  neck,  face,  and  hands,  brown, 
hides  hair  and  gold  cross  under  cap,  and  puts  on  old,  torn  clothes.  Has  small 
room  allotted  her. — (3)  Prince  gives  ball.  That  morning,  whilst  Adelaide 
is  sweeping  stairs,  prince  overturns  sweepings,  and,  in  anger  at  having  boots 
made  dusty,  throws  besom  at  Adelaide. — (4)  In  evening  she  begs  leave  of  cook 
to  assbt  at  ball ;  obtains  permission,  provided  she  returns  early,  and  gives 
part  of  what  she  receives  to  cook.  Adelaide  goes  to  Gotthold's  dwelling, 
dresses  herself  splendidly,  and  drives  to  prince's  in  fine  coach.  Prince  dances 
with  her  all  evening,  and  asks  her  name  and  abode.  "  Adelaide,  from  Besom- 
Cast/'  she  says.  Returns  to  kitchen  at  midnight,  having  resimied  disguise, 
and  gives  cook  three  gold  pieces. — (5)  Prince  cannot  find  Besom-Cast  on  map  ; 
wishing  to  learn  more  of  beautiful  lady,  gives  second  ball  That  morning 
Adelaide,  whilst  brushing  clothes,  drops  brush  on  prince's  foot.  He  throws 
brush  at  her  head. — (6)  Adelaide  goes  again  to  ball ;  prince  says  he  cannot 
find  Besom-Cast,  and  she  declares  she  said  Brush-Cast.  Returns  at 
midnight,  and  gives  gold  ring  to  cook. — (7)  Prince  cannot  find  Brush-Cast; 
gives  a  third  ball.  Vexed  that  beautiful  lady  does  not  appear,  prince  goes 
downstairs ;  Adelaide  is  combing  her  hair  as  he  passes,  and  drops  comb,  which 
he  picks  up  and  throws  at  her. — (8)  She  then  dresses  and  enters  ball- room. 
Tells  prince,  who  cannot  find  Brush-Cast,  that  she  said  Comb-Cast.  Before 
she  leaves,  prince,  unnoticed,  slips  ring  on  her  finger. — (9)  Next  morning 
prince  is  ill,  and  orders  broth.  Adelaide  begs  leave  to  make  it,  and  puts  in 
prince's  ring.  Prince  finds  it,  asks  who  made  broth,  and  sends  for  kitchen- 
maid.  She  appears  dressed  as  at  ball,  and  is  recognised  by  prince. — (10) 
They  are  married.     Father  of  Adelaide  returns  home  and  hears  of  it. 


IsAiA  ViSENTiNi,  Fiabc  Mantovane,     Torino,  Roma,  1879.     ^P-    269 

177-81.     No.  XXXVIII.     (Canti e Racconti del Popolo Italiano, 

pubblicati  per  cura  di  Domenico  Comparetti  ed   Allesandro 

d^Ancona,  vol.  vii.) 

"The  Bear." 

( I )  King  has  an  only  daughter  whom  he  loves  very  much,  but  will  never 
allow  to  go  out,  so  that  she  is  like  a  prisoner. — (2)  Daughter  is  discontented, 
and  complains  to  nurse,  who  is  a  witch,  and  who  says  to  her  that  her  father 
will  be  certain  to  grant  any  wish  except  letting  her  out.  '*  Ask  him  for  a 
wooden  cave  and  a  bear-skin.  Then  come  to  me,  and  with  my  magic  wand 
I  will  make  cave  convey  you  whither  you  will ;  and  the  bear-skin  will  so  dis- 
guise you  that  you  will  not  be  recognised." — (3)  Heroine  does  as  bidden,  and 
at  a  touch  from  the  witch's  wand  cave  goes  in  every  direction,  according  to 
heroine's  wish.     In  this  way  she  reaches  a  forest  and  hides  herself  amongst 


4>a  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS, 

Eunoe  biuhes. — [4)  Prince  come&  hunting,  sees  (he  bear,  and  sets  h1 
on  it.     Heroine,  aianned,  cries  oul  to  him  to  call  hounds  off.     Prim 
OKlonbhed,  and  ofTi-rs  to  lake  her  to  his  home.     She  nirccpls  willingljr. 
ca»e  moves,  and  the  princes  mother  ii  surprised  to  see  bear,  whoallendtte 
house  affaim  belter  than  any  servant. — (5)  Camival-tirae  arrives.     Prinoe  n 
to  hia  mother  at  table  that  he  will  go  that  night  lo  the  hall.    Beir,  noder  t1 
table,  says,  "  I,el  me  go  too"  ;  prince,  enraged,  gives  it  a  kicli,  and  d 
away.     Prince  departs,  and  iKar  begs  queen  to  allow  her  lo  watch  ball,  p 
mining  she  will  hide  henelf  so  as  not  to  be  seen.     Queer 
ram  to  cave,  tears  ofT  skin,  and,  by  means  of  wand  which  wirch  hat  given  h 
procures  a  drexs  like  the  moon,  and  a  carriage  and  pair.     Everyone  at  the  b 
admires  her,  and  prince  dances  with  her.    She  hurries  away  and  dofTi  & 
Prince  rollon^  on  horseback,  bofring  to  track  her,  but  a  dense  mist  ri> 
hides  her  from  view.     He  tells  mother  about  lovely  stranger,  and  beai 
hears  and  laughs.— (G)  Next  day  heroine  appears  at  ball  in  dress  like  ih 
Prince  dances  with  her,  but  cannot  get  a  word  out  of  her.     He  tries  to  f 
but  Idsijs  sight  of  her  on  account  of  a  sudden  deluge  of  rain.     Prince  n 
and  bear  overhears  his  talk  to  mother.— (7)  Third  tiiglit  heroine  goe*  to  h 
in  dress  like  the  stars.     Prince  donees  with  bcr,  and  puts  ring  01 
Beroinc  gets  borne  in  a  twinkling,  but  a  furious  wind  impedes  princu>     Hil4 
tells  mother  that  he  despairs  of  linding  his  love  again  ;  bear  listens  and  (mtla^    ' 
— (S)  He  falls  ill,  and  asks  to  have  soup  nude  for  him,  and  says,  "  Mind  that  | 
bear  has  Dothing  to  do  with  it ;  each  time  I  sgieak  of  my  love  it  laughs,  ai 
makes  fun  of  me,  and  I  cannot  stand  it." — (9)  Bear  brings  the  soup,  hi 
put  ring  in  the  bowl.     Prince  recognises  ring  ;  bids  bear  lake  olT  sldn,  a 
thenseestheunknownbeauty,  still  wearing  dress  like  the  ktars.— (10]  Hep 
sents  Iter  to  his  mother,  and  there  is  a  grand  wedding. 
(1  was  there  under  the  labli.-.     No  one  spoke  to  me;     I  ate  plenty,  though.]! 


\  IQQ  Ibid.     Story  No.  XLV.     Pp.  202-205. 

"I.A    Cenkrentoi.*." 

(1)  There  are  three  siiters,  the  youngest  of  whom  is  halcii  by  the  n 
liecause  of  her  great  benuty.  They  call  her  "  Cenercnlola",  and  make  hi 
all  the  menial  work.  One  day  ihey  buy  some  fine  lish  tor  theniselvos,  1 
amongst  them  a  liny  little  tench  for  heroine.  They  order  her  to  cook  ft 
their  supper,  telling  her  they  are  then  going  to  a  ball,  and  she  muri 
remain  at  home.M^)  Heroine  puts  on  her  apron  lo  wash  dishes,  wl 
little  tench  leaps  out  of  basket  into  dnk-bole.  She  pots  it  back,  \ 
"  Poor  me !  what  a  supper !"  She  cooks  fish  and  serves  it  to  usters,  who  go 
in  splendour  to  the  ball.  Heroine,  left  alone,  begins  to  weep,  when  she  hears 
noise  in  sink.  She  goes  to  see  what  it  is,  and  fmds  tench  coming  out  of  the 
hole,  and  is  about  to  catch  il,  when  all  of  a  sudden  she  sees  it  no  more,  but 
in  its  place  a  lovely  Lidy,  who  says  she  knows  sisters  ill-trent  heroine,  bvoau^ 
jealout  of  her  beauty,  but  the  time  will  come  when  they  will  bite  their  fiikg 


VISENTINI. — VOLKSKUNDE.  4 1 3 

in  their  rage. — (3)  She  then  learns  that  heroine  would  like  to  go  to  ball, 
and  striking  sink  with  her  wand,  causes  to  appear  a  magnificent  dress  of  flame- 
colour  trimmed  with  gold  and  silver.  Heroine  dons  this,  and  finds  a  carriage 
waiting  in  the  street  to  take  her  to  ball.  Prince  falls  in  love  with  her  beauty. 
When  she  leaves  he  keeps  her  in  sight,  and  follows  her  for  some  time.  She 
is  frightened,  and  commends  herself  to  her  protectress,  who,  without  showing 
herself,  whbpers  in  her  ear,  "  Throw  away  the  golden  flower-bud,  and  the 
prince  will  follow  no  more."  Heroine  obeys,  and  whilst  the  prince  is  picking 
up  the  flower-bud  the  carriage  gets  out  of  sight.  Heroine  dons  usual  clothes 
on  her  return,  and  sisters,  to  make  her  jealous,  tell  her  of  beautiful  lady  at 
ball.  Heroine  says,  "That  was  I."  "What  are  you  muttering,  stupid?" 
"  Oh,  nothing.  I  was  talking  to  the  cat." — (4)  Next  day  sisters  go  again  to 
the  ball.  Heroine  is  feeling  sad,  when  she  hears  noise  in  the  water  again, 
and  turning,  sees  her  benefactress,  who  gives  her  dress  like  the  sun,  bidding 
her  return  from  ball  at  midnight,  and  if  anyone  follows,  throw  purse  of  money 
out  of  carriage.  Heroine  goes  to  ball  as  before ;  prince  is  still  more  entranced  ; 
she  leaves  a  little  before  midnight.  Prince  has  ordered  servants  to  follow  and 
find  out  where  she  lives.  Heroine  scatters  money,  and  vanishes  whilst  they 
are  picking  it  up.  Again  sisters  tell  of  lovely  stranger,  and  heroine  says  it 
was  herself,  and  gets  same  reproof. — (5)  Third  night  heroine  goes  as  before  to 
ball,  wearing  this  time  dress  like  the  moon,  and  shoes  spangled  with  jewels, 
the  like  of  which  had  never  before  been  seen.  She  is  told  to  throw  one  of 
these  shoes  from  carriage  if  she  b  followed  again.  King  has  told  servants 
that  ill  will  betide  them  if  they  fail  to  follow  her.  But  they  lose  sight  of  her 
in  picking  up  shoe,  which  they  take  to  the  prince,  who  determines  to  go  from 
house  to  house  to  find  owner. — (6)  In  this  way  he  comes  at  last  to  house  of 
the  three  sisters.  Elder  sisters  try  the  shoe  in  vain.  Prince  asks  if  they  have 
not  a  sister.  They  say  yes,  but  she  is  dirty  and  ugly,  and  certainly  could 
never  wear  a  shoe  only  fit  for  a  queen.  Prince  has  her  called,  and  she  appears 
dressed  as  at  last  ball,  and  wearing  one  shoe. — (7)  Prince  recognises  her,  and 
takes  her  for  his  queen.     Sisters  bite  their  fingers  with  rage,  as  foretold. 


Voikskunde,   Tijdschrift    voor    Nederlandsche    Folk-lore    onder    256 
Redactie  van  Pol  de  Mont  en  Aug.  Gitt^e  (Antwerp,  1889), 
ii,   201.     (From  "  Land  van  Waas"  Vlaamsch  Belgie.) 

"  Aschekladdeken"  (The  Little  Cinderella.) 

( I )  Heroine  is  ill-treated,  while  her  sister  is  indulged  and  allowed  to  go  to 
balls  beautifully  dressed.  Aschekladdeken's  daily  duty  is  to  polish  the  hearth, 
and,  as  soon  as  she  has  finished,  her  sister  always  comes  and  makes  it  dirty. — 
(2)  Once,  when  things  have  gone  harder  than  usual,  heroine  cries  bitterly,  and 
an  old  woman  comes  along  and  asks  what  is  the  matter.  Heroine  tells  how 
unhappy  she  is,  and  how  her  sister  gets  everything.  Old  woman  bids  her  go 
to-morrow  night  to  the  hollow  tree,  knock  at  it,  and  she  will  get  a  splendid 
dress  and  a  carriage  in  which  to  go  to  the  ball.— (3)  Heroine  does  so,  and 


123 


414  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 

is  the  beauty  of  the  ball.  Returning  to  the  trunk,  her  dress  and  carriage 
disappear. — (4)  All  happens  the  same  the  next  evening,  but  she  loses  one  of 
her  golden  shoes,  and  it  is  found  by  her  sister,  who  cuts  off  her  toes  so  as  to 
get  it  on.— (5)  But  she  is  so  ill  from  this  that  she  cannot  go  to  the  ball  on  the 
third  evening.  Heroine  goes,  having  got  her  slipper,  and  all  the  guests 
imagine  her  to  be  a  rich  lady.  When  she  gets  home  everybody  is  still  up, 
because  her  sister  is  so  ill. — (6)  Heroine  is  supposed  to  be  a  witch,  and 
is  thrust  back  into  the  hearth.  If  she  has  not  crept  out,  she  must  be  there 
still  ! 


Ibid.^  ii,  203.     (By  Mr.  A.  de  Cock,  of  Denderleeuw.) 

"Van  dkn  Koning  en  van  Jenne,  zijn  zoet  Liefken" 
(A  Tale  of  the  King  and  of  Jenne  his  Sweet  Love). 

(i)  Woman  has  three  daughters — Bet,  Griet,  and  Jenne.  Youngest  is  ill- 
treated,  and  made  to  do  all  the  dirty  work,  and  is  therefore  called  **  Skodde- 
ken-Vuil"  (Little  Dirty- Slut). — (2)  It  is  always  fine  when  heroine  takes  sheep 
to  pasture,  always  wet  when  Bet  takes  them.  One  day  Bet  declines  her 
white  wheaten  bread  and  butter  ;  heroine  asks  to  have  it,  and  gives  old  man  a 
piece.  In  reward  he  draws  a  sheep,  and  tells  heroine  to  knock  at  it  when  she 
wants  food. — (3)  Next  day  Griet  wants  to  take  sheep  to  pasture.  Again  there 
is  dreadful  storm.  Jenne  is  therefore  sent,  and  is  given  a  scrap  of  bread-and- 
butter.  She  goes  off  delighted,  meets  old  man,  and  gives  him  some.  He 
draws  a  tree  {populus  alba)  ;  when  heroine  knocks  at  it  she  shall  have  a  dress 
like  a  queen's  and  a  carriage-and- eight. — (4)  There  is  a  ball  in  king's  palace. 
Mother  and  sisters  buy  beautiful  dresses.  I  leroine  is  abused  for  asking  to  go, 
and  must  first  polish  heap  of  old  iron.  She  sets  to  work,  and  there  come  to 
help  her  as  many  angels  as  there  are  bits  of  iron.  She  knocks  at  poplar ; 
beautifully  clad,  she  drives  to  palace,  and  dances  all  night  with  the  king. 
Afterwards  she  returns  everything  to  poplar,  and  asks  mother  who  was  fairest 
at  the  ball.  Mother  tells  of  stranger  who  came  unexpectedly. — (5)  All  happens 
the  same  at  second  ball.  Heroine  is  allowed  to  go  after  picking  up  every 
grain  of  a  large  heap  of  wheat.  As  many  angels  as  there  are  grains  come  to 
help.  When  she  is  leaving  ball  king  takes  one  of  her  shoes.  **  Never 
mind!"  says  Jenne  ;  "where  one  shoe  was  made,  two  can  be.''  King  asks 
whence  she  comes.  '*  From  the  land  where  girls  are  not  sought."  He  does 
not  understand.  She  drives  home  and  asks  mother  same  question  as  before. — 
(6)  After  a  time  king  comes  and  says  to  mother,  *'  You  have  three  daughters?" 
**No,  only  two,"  "Fetch  them,  then;  for  whoever  can  wear  this  shoe 
must  l)e  queen."  Bet  cuts  her  heel  and  puts  on  shoe.  King  goes  off  with 
her  in  carriage  ;  but,  as  they  pass  poplar,  bird  sings,  **  Alas!  Sir  King,  it  is 
not  your  sweet  love  little  Jenne !"  King  says,  "  Is  it  not  ?"  Bird  repeats, 
and  king  throws  Bet  into  ditch. — (7)  He  returns  for  Griet,  who  cuts  off  her 
toes.  Biid  denounces  her  in  same  words,  and  she  is  likewise  thrown  into 
ditch. — (8)  King  bids  mother  confess  on  pain  of  death  whether  she  has  a 
third  daughter.     Mother  admits  she  has,  but  says  she  is  too  dirty  to  appear. 


VOLKSKUNDE.  415 

King  insists  ;  heroine  is  called,  shoe  iits  her,  king  kUsca  her,  and  leads  her  to 
carriage.  As  they  pass  poplar,  bird  sings,  "  Hail,  Sir  King !  This  is  your 
sweet  love,  little  Jenne !"  Heroine  knocks  at  tree  and  gets  a  sky-coloured 
velvet  dress,  a  carriage,  and  eight  prancing  horses.  They  drive  away,  and  if 
they  have  not  stopped,  are  still  driving. 


Ibid,,  ii,  208.  224 

"  Vuilvelleken"  (Little  Dirty-Skin). 

(i)  King  has  three  daughters  whom  he  loves  exceedingly.  Before  journey- 
ing afar,  he  asks  each  how  much  she  likes  him,  and  what  therefore  she  would 
like  him  to  bring  her.  The  first,  loving  him  like  gold,  chooses  a  golden 
spinning-wheel ;  the  second,  loving  him  like  silver,  a  silver  gown  ;  the  third, 
loving  him  like  salt,  a  lump  of  salt. — (2)  The  king  is  furious  with  the  youngest, 
and  turns  her  out,  for  she  shall  no  more  be  called  his  child. — (3)  Heroine 
comes  to  Antwerp,  where  an  old  wife  meets  her  and  says,  *'  I  know  you  seek 
employment.  Go,  therefore,  to  Lange  State,  and  offer  your  services  at  No. 
18,  Anna  Street,  where  they  want  a  maid."  Then  she  puts  a  box  into 
heroine's  hand,  saying,  "  When  you  want  to  enjoy  yourself,  put  this  box  into 
the  hollow  tree  that  stands  on  the  fortification-wall,  and  say,  '  Clothe  me, 
lovely  robes  !  away,  dirty  rags  1'  and  you  shall  be  clad  like  a  princess." — (4) 
Heroine  gets  the  place,  but  has  to  do  all  manner  of  dirty  work,  and  whenever 
she  fails  her  mistress  strikes  her  over  the  hands  with  a  fiat  piece  of  wood, 
saying,  "  We  are  here  in  the  land  of  Cadzand  (or  Pashant),  where  they  smite 
the  palm  of  the  hand  with  a  wooden  stick  till  the  blood  gushes  out !" 
Heroine  gets  as  black  as  a  moor  over  her  dirty  work,  and  is  always  called 
Vuilvelleken  or  Vellekenvuil. — (5)  A  prince  arrives  and  gives  a  ball,  which  the 
mistress  and  her  two  daughters  attend.  Heroine  goes  to  the  hollow  tree  and 
puts  in  her  box.    Immediately  she  is  clad  in  a  most  beautiful  dress,  but  a  voice 

says  : 

"  At  twelve  o'clock,  when  hoots  the  owl, 

Your  beautiful  clothes  will  be  ugly  and  fouL" 


She  goes  to  the  ball.  The  prince  cannot  keep  her  when  the  clock  nears 
twelve,  so  he  asks  whence  she  comes.  ' '  I  come  from  the  land  of  Cadzand, 
where  they  smite  the  palm  of  the  hand  with  a  wooden  stick  till  the  blood 
gushes  out."  But  she  is  further  delayed,  and  only  rushes  from  the  room  as 
the  clock  is  striking,  and  she  loses  her  shoe,  which  b  found  by  the  prince. — 
(6)  The  next  day,  whilst  Vuilvelleken  is  scouring  and  polishing,  the  prince's 
messenger  comes  walking  along  the  street  holding  up  a  little  shoe,  and  crying, 
"  Whoever  can  wear  this  shoe,  may  have  the  prince,  my  master,  for  her 
husband  !  Whoever  can  wear  this  shoe,  let  her  put  it  on  !**  "  All  right," 
says  Vuilvelleken,  "  let  me  try  ;  perhaps  it  may  fit  my  foot !"  The  mistress 
and  her  daughters  burst  out  laughing. — (7)  Nevertheless,  Vuilvelleken  puts 
on  the  shoe  and  marries  the  prince,  and  her  father  is  invited  to  the  wedding, 
and  forgives  her  everything. 


41 6  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

[Note. — A  variant  is  given  (on  p.  211,  ibid.)  in  which  the  stepdaughter  is 
called  "  Asschepoestei^\  An  old  wife  befriends  her,  makes  her  fetch  moose- 
trap  from  the  lofl,  and  changes  it  into  a  carriage.  Two  mice  she  changes 
to  horses,  and  two  lacifer-matches  to  footmen.  Then  she  breathes  00 
A.'s  clothes,  and  A.  stands  arrayed  in  velvet  and  silk,  with  crystal  shoes  on 
her  feet.] 


225  3id,,  ii,  267. 

"Zoo  GEREN  AS  Zout"  (As  iTiuch  as  Salt). 

(i)  King  asks  his  three  daughters  how  glad  they  are  to  see  him.  Eldest 
answers,  '*  As  glad  as  to  see  the  sun"';  second  says,  "  I  like  you  as  the  light 
of  my  eyes*';  and  king  is  satisfied.  But  youngest  daughter  says,  *''  I  like  you 
as  much  as  salt,"  and  king  says  she  should  be  ashamed  of  herself  for  not 
liking  him  better  than  salt,  which  is  nearly  valueless.— (2)  He  is  very  angry, 
and  drives  her  from  home. — (3)  Sometime  afterwards,  when  a  great  festival  is 
being  held  at  Court,  heroine  comes  disguised  as  a  page,  greets  the  cook, 
who  had  known  and  loved  her  from  a  child,  makes  herself  known,  and  begs 
that  cook  will  put  no  salt  in  any  of  the  dishes,  that  her  faiher  may  be  made 
to  realise  its  value. — (4)  Consequently  all  the  dishes — soup,  meat,  venison — 
are  so  unappetising  that  kiog  sends  for  cook,  who  comes  in  trembling.  Bat 
page  steps  in  front  of  her  and  says,  "  It  was  by  my  order,  O  king,  that  cook 
put  no  salt  in  the  dishes."  "And  who  are  you?"  says  king.  "Your 
youngest  daughter,  who  loved  you  like  salt ;  like  salt,  which  you  cannot 
do  without,  and  the  value  of  which  you  did  not  know  till  now."  King 
acknowledges  his  injustice,  and  pardons  heroine. 


124  ViD  VuLETic-VuKAsovic.  Unpublished  story  from  Spalatro, 
Dalmatia,  contributed  by.  (Narrated  and  written  down  in 
Italian  by  Signorina  Alodia  Riboli.) 

"  La  Cuzza  tzenere."^ 

(1)  Mother  and  three  daughters  work  for  their  living  in  the  capital.  In 
year  of  great  scarcity  they  are  unable  to  earn  enough  to  support  them,  and  at 
length  determine  that,  as  they  sit  together  spinning,  the  one  who  drops 
her  spindle  three  times  shall  be  killed  and  eaten  by  the  others.  Mother  drops 
hers  thrice,  and  elder  sisters  bid  heroine  take  hatchet  and  slay  her.  She 
refuses  to  do  so,  urging  that  she  shall  not  eat  of  mother's  flesh. — (2)  One  of 
the  sisters  goes  for  hatchet,  and,  meanwhile,  mother  gives  heroine  a  wand, 
bidding  her  collect  her  bones  when  sisters  shall  have  killed  and  eaten  her,  put 

'  A  corruption  of  cucria=cani/e,  dog-kennel,  and  centre,  7c  is  pronounced 
like  the  Slav,  c  or  the  Ital.  soft  z.      See  note  66. 


^^^^^^^1  VL'LKTlC-VUKASaVIC.  4I7 

^^^iK^nway,  and  whenever  in  need  or  in  ifinEcr  to  Mrike  them  wilh  wand,  »nil 
fbe  will  obtain  onylhing  she  requites.  Mother  ii  slain,  and  pan  of  lier  bodj 
U  cooked  for  food.  Elder  sjilers  begin  to  eat,  picking  the  bones,  and  Ihrow- 
ing  them  under  the  table,  wliere  heroine  crouchra  in  order  I0  collect  them. 
Afleriome  dajra  Ihe  whole  body  is  devoured,  and  heroine  has  collected  all  the 
bonea  in  a  handkerchief  and  put  them  under  the  hearth.  She  stoops  over 
them  continual!]'  to  guard  ibcra,  and  is  therefore  nicknamed  "  Cuiza  tienere". 
— (3)  It  is  carnival  time,  and  elder  sisters  are  going  to  balL  They  gel  ready, 
and,  before  leavinj^.  give  heroine  three  measures  (each  of  11. S9  litres)  of 
millet  lo  cleanse  by  (heir  return,  or  ihey  will  beat  her.  Heroine,  a(  firtl, 
begins  lo  weep,  but,   bethinking  her  of  mother's  promise,  she  strikes  wilh 

I  wand  Ihe  handkercbief  containing  bones,  and  hears  voice  asking  what  it  is 
■he  wants.  Heroine  ciplalns,  and  sees  appear  a  crowd  of  birds,  which 
wideriake  to  perform  task,  while  she  goes  where  she  will.  She  washes  and 
-combs  herself,  Ihcn  uses  wand  again,  and  asks  for  a  drest  of  fine  hbric, 
ornamented  with  suns.  She  gets  dress  and  shoes  to  match,  and  in  the  court- 
yard finds  equipage  with  giindly  dressed  coachman.  She  drives  to  ball  ; 
king's  son  deserts  all  other  girls  to  dance  with  her  alone.  lie  seek;  to  know 
who  she  U  and  whence  she  comes,  but  she  will  reveal  nothing.  Before  the 
bait  is  over  she  leaves  in  her  coach,  strikes  bones  with  wand  to  make  dress 
and  equipage  disappear,  dons  old  gown,  and  sits  by  the  hearth.  Sisters 
retura,  ask  if  she  has  done  lask,  then  lell  her  of  beautiful  foreigner.  Heroine 
»ighs,  and  marmur?!,  "  Suppose  It  was  I !"  and  sislen  say,  "  Gel  away  1  you 
ngly  Cu:iii  liniert!"- — (4)  Next  day,  before  going  to  ball,  sisters  give  her 
four  measures  of  com  to  cleanse  by  their  relum.  Heroine  weeps  at  ill'trcat- 
roent,  and  again  seeks  aid  of  bones.  A  crowd  of  chickens  appear  to  perform 
task,  while  she  goes  lo  ball  in  dress  ornamented  with  moons.  All  marvel  at 
her  ;  king's  son  dances  wilh  her  all  the  lime,  but  tries  in  vain  to  discover  who 
the  is  and  whence  she  cumes.  He  orders  his  servants  to  follow  when  she 
leaves,  and  lind  out  about  hei  ;  but  she  goes  before  ball  is  over,  throws  hand- 
ful of  gold  to  detain  pursuers,  and  drives  quickly  home. — (j)  Third  day 
lisleis  give  her  thirty  pounds  of  woo!  lo  card  during  their  absence.  She 
applies  lo  molher'i  bono  for  aid,  and  task  is  peiforined  by  a  crowd  of  mice, 
whilst  she  goes  to  ball  in  dress  covered  wilh  stars.  King's  son  calls  aside  one 
of  his  servants,  and  bids  him  tar  ihe  door-post  of  the  bali-room,  so  that  when 
heroine  leaves  first,  »s  before,  one  of  her  shoes  at  least  will  remain  slicking  lo 
it.  In  this  way  heroine  leaves  left  shoe  behind,  then  gets  into  coach,  and 
■giin  throws  monej  to  those  who  would  follow.  Sisters  return,  and  have 
same  conversation  with  heroine. — (6)  Next  morning  proclamation  is  made 
ihal  kiug'i  son  will  visit  every  iuaWy  to  try  the  shoe,  promising  to  wed 
whomsoever  it  iils.  All  the  hoases  are  visited,  but  shoe  fits  nobody.  King'a 
ton  cornea  to  house  of  three  sisters,  but  heroine  knows  nothing  of  it.  Sislen 
don  their  best  clothes  to  appear  before  king's  son.  Shoe  is  too  narrow  tor 
one,  too  short  for  the  other.  He  a&ka  if  there  are  not  other  girls  in  the  house, 
and,  noting  their  confusion  in  replying,  commands  that  any  girl  in  the  house 
be  brought  before  him,  no  matter  what  she  be.— (7)  Sisters  take  some  of  their 
own  garments  to  heroine  to  nuke  her  presentable,  but  the  spurns  ihem,  Hying 
^^  E  Iv 


she  h«'  no  need  of  theit  tags,  having  \binp  of  her  own  Ic 


I  mother' 
king,  who  recogoises  her  thi 
and  takes  her  to  be  his  bride. 


boDes,  and,  with  only  one  shoe  c 


i.  Waldau,  Bi>hmisckses  Mdrchenhuck.      (Translated  from 
original  of  Boiena  Nemcovii.)     Prague,  i860.     Pp.  502-1! 

"The  Princess   with   the    Gold   Star   on   her  Brow, 


(i)  Lovely  queen,  with  gold  iiu  on  biow,  dieswhen  heiotDe  is  bom.  Kii 
whose  grief  is  excessive,  will  not  look  on  child,  who  is  very  beautiful, 
pictare  of  her  mother,  and  called  Lada,  because  she  is  so  charming.  Alter 
several  yeais  the  Iting  is  caunselled  to  marry  again.  Bui  he  has  promised  hii 
deceased  wife  that  he  will  otily  marry  someone  exactly  resembling  her.  He 
KIs  out  with  large  retinue,  and  travels  through  the  world  in  search  of  such  k 
one,  but  can  find  none  wirh  gold  star  on  brow. — (2)  On  his  return,  daughter 
rushes  to  meet  him  ;  he  sees  the  image  of  his  wife  with  the  star  on  her  brow, 
and  he  tells  his  daughter  he  must  many  her. — (3)  She  is  shocked,  but  treats 
the  matter  as  a  juke,  and  says,  "  Ves,  she  will  marry  him  if  he  gives  her  first  a 
dress  made  of  the  wingj  of  got  den-crested  wrens."  This  is  procured  for  a 
large  sum  ol  gold  ;  then  she  asks  successively  tor  a  dress  like  the 
■  dress  like  the  sky  covered  with  stars.  These  are  both  provided,  wd  huw] 
diamonds  lake  the  place  of  stars.  Lada  is  in  desp^r.— (4)  That  night " 
mother  appears  lo  her  in  a  dream,  makes  known  who  she  is,  and  eivei  her 
white  veil  woven  of  mist,  which  will  render  her  invisible,'  then  bids  tier  pro-' 
vide  herself  a  poor  dress,  and  escape.  1  leroine  wakes  her  maid  early,  and  bida 
her  procure  for  htr  a  cloak  of  mouse-skins  that  shall  cover  her  from  head  to 
fooL  In  three  days  the  wedding  is  to  lake  place. — (J)  Heroine  dons  ihe 
mouse-skin  cloak,  makes  a  bundle  of  her  three  dresses,  and,  wil  h  a  kerchief  and 
the  veil  on  her  head,  she  wanders  forth,  til!  at  length  she  reaches  a  town  where 
there  is  a  royal  palace.  She  resolves  lo  seek  service  here.  There  is  ■  grove 
hard  by  with  a  little  stream.  Heroine  raises  a  sttme,  and  hides  her  bundle 
and  veil  under  it.  A  fish  in  the  stream  sees  her,  and  she  says,  "  Don't  you 
tell  anyone,  little  fish,  but  guard  it  well."  On  the  way  lo  the  palace  she 
her  lace  with  ashes,  knits  her  brow,  and  draws  the  kerchief  down  further 
it.  The  servants  laugh  at  her  appearance  in  the  mouie.skin  cloak,  but  at  tengllL, 
the  cook  takes  cimpassion  on  her,  and  engages  her  as  kitchen-maid 
dition  that  she  keeps  out  of  sight  of  the  gentry.  They  call  her  "  Li(l!< 
Moiue-skins".— (6)  King  has  an  only  son  named  Hostivil,  whom  he  wi 
see  married.  Heroine  hears  him  so  much  belauded  that  she  is  glad  when  he 
one  day  passes  by  the  kitchen,  and  she  ru&hes  out  to  look  at  htm.  There  is  a 
three  days  feast  to  celebrate  king's  birthday.  I  leroine  begi  cook  lo  let  her 
get  a  glimpse  of  the  guests  from  some  comer  or  other,  and  at  last  obtaint 


ber, 

I 

the       ■ 


and         1 

m 

bid*  ■ 


[faln^^l 


a  Ihe  stone,  wuhcj  in  the  i 


then,  with  Tcil  over  hci  head,  she  goet  ni 


o  ball-n 


I,  doQS  feather-dre 
When  she  lakes 


this  off,  nil  wonder  at  hev  beauty.  Prince  dancu  with  her,  and  aska  who  she 
is  and  whence  ahe  comes.  She  tq>!ies,  if  he  cares  to  see  her  he  had  betler  nut 
know  who  she  is.  She  leavrs  al  dajrbreak,  promisiog  to  come  neil  evening, 
then  returns  dress  to  stone,  speaks  agun  to  fiih,  who  is  looking  on,  and  il  back 
at  her  place  without  servants  seeing  her  enter. — (7)  Every  morning  the  prince's 
vilel  has  brought  word  whit  prince  wishes  for  breakfast,  but  this  momiDg  he 
does  not  care  what  ■hej'  give  him,  be  is  in  such  high  spirits.  Cook  says 
ptiDGG  must  have  follen  in  love  with  &oinc  princess  at  the  ball,  and  heroine 
hears  and  blusbes.^ — (S)  She  goes  next  night  to  boll  in  sun  dress,  dances  with 
prince,  and  slays  later  than  before,  and  everyone  is  astir  when  she  returns  to 
het  work.  Cook  is  angry,  and  says  she  shall  never  go  anywhere  again,  but 
■fterwnrds  relents.  Prince's  valet  says  prince  will  eat  nothing,  and  is  as  ({uiet 
as  the  grave.— (9)  Neil  night  heroine  appears  al  ball  in  star-dress.  Prince's 
face  lights  up  when  he  sees  her,  but  they  are  both  loo  sad  to  dance,  and  ait 
apart  talking.  Prince  wishes  to  marry  her,  but  she  cannot  grant  his  request, 
■hough  she  gives  him  her  ring  as  pledge  of  her  love,  and  he  gives  his  in  exchange. 
She  tells  him  that  whoever  bringi  his  ring  to  him  is  a  trusty  messenger,  who 
will  arrange  a  meeting  between  them.  Then  she  leaves  him  sorrowing.  Heroine 
hidea  betrothal  ring  in  her  boaom,  and  returns  with  heavy  heart  to  kitchen. — 
(10)  She  finds*  great  commotion  there,  and  asks  Caose.  Cook  says,  does  she 
not  know  that  prince  is  sick  unto  death  ?  Cook  does  not  know  which  way  to 
luni.  A  servant  rushes  in  with  some  remedy,  which  is  to  be  cooked  al  once 
for  the  prinoe.— ^II)  Heroine  snatches  it  from  his  hand,  puts  it  on  the  fire,  as 
soon  as  it  is  ready  pours  the  healing  draught  into  a  jug,  and  is  about  to  carry 
it  up.  Cook  says,  what  does  she  mean  by  going  to  prince  in  that  skin  ?  Heroine 
says,  it  is  all  right,  be  shall  not  see  her,  she  will  give  it  to  vateL  On  Ihe  way 
she  drops  in  the  ring.  When  prince  finds  it  he  sends  for  cook,  and  afterwards 
for  kitchen-maid,  who  resists,  and  has  to  lie  dingged  in.  She  bows  her  head  so 
as  not  to  be  seen.  Prince  questions  her,  and  she  says  she  prepared  the 
draught,  but  knows  nothing  about  ring.  Then  she  goes  ;  but  prince  has  been 
itmck  with  her  noble  bearing,  in  spite  of  ugly  skin-dress,  and  has  noticed  her 
small  feet,  and  contrives  how  he  may,  unseen  by  her,  watch  her.— (la)  It  is 
the  custom  of  the  place  for  all,  rich  and  poor,  to  bathe  ngieat  deal,  and  for 
this  purpose  there  are  two  Earge  baths  in  the  palace-garden,  one  for  the  servants, 
the  other  for  the  royal  family.  Prince  goes  secretly  and  bores  a  hole  in  the 
wall  of  the  women's  balh-bouse,  then  returns  lo  his  room.  Doctors  are 
amaied  to  see  him  so  miraculously  restored  to  health.  That  night  he  steals 
out  to  the  garden,  goes  to  bath-hoiue,  and  hides  among  the  shrubs.  Kitchen- 
maid  is  the  last  to  come  and  bathe.  Prince  watches  at  Che  hole.  She  takes 
off  skin,   then  Ihe  kerchief,  and  washes  her  face.     The  star  gleams  on  her 


I 


brow  ;  prince  con  restrain  himself  n< 


iger. 


ftada  '."  he  cries, 


and  riuhcs  from  his  hiding-place.  Heroine,  alarmed,  for  she  knows  his 
throws  on  the  skin  and  kerchief,  and  rushes  oul  ISut  he  meets  her  in  the 
doorway,  folds  her  in  his  arms,  and  kisses  her.  Then  he  says  he  will  take  her 
lo  his  father  ;  but  she  will  not  go  thus  clad,  and  bids  him  wail.— (13)  She 


4*0  CINLEKLLLA   VARIANTS. 

goes  to  stone  ind  finds  her  bundle,  but  the  veil  is  missing,  ind  the  liittt 
guardian  is  doI  there.  But  she  docs  not  mind  now,  and  hutriei  back:  |i 
dressing.  rooDit  wliere  >he  dons  a  royal  garb.  Then  prince  TaWrs  her  bcfoi 
hx»  lather,  and  fur  ihe  first  time  she  telU  her  parentage. — (14)  Conk  is  SLorni' 
ing  in  the  kitchen  because  kitcben-maid  U  so  long  away.  Suddenly  a  servant 
comes  to  tetl  him  prince  has  sent  for  him.  Cook  appears  before  prince  and 
hi.s  lovely  future  bride.  "  Why  lisve  you  had  in  the  kitchen  sach  an  ugly, 
smutty  maid  ?"  asks  the  prince.  Cook  is  alarmed,  and  ta.ys  he  would  not  take 
her  at  6r&t.  only  ihe  pleaded  so  hard  ;  and  he  has  never  had  a  more  faithful 
or  utcfut  person  in  his  kitchen,  and  her  only  fault  is  that  she  will  wear  that 
moutc-ikin,  and  smear  her  face  nith  ashes.  "  Vour  b'ame  is  just,  and  I  am 
grateful  for  your  praise  and  for  your  kindly  taVirg  me.  Your  kiichen-maid  will 
reward  you,"  says  Lada,  and  he  falls  at  her  feet.  Slie  gives  him  a  purse  of 
gold,— (15)  The  wedding  over,  heroine  drives  with  liridrgroom  to  palace 
of  her  father,  whom  she  fears  to  meet.  But  the  night  she  escaped  from  him 
bis  dead  wife  appeared  to  him  in  a  dream,  and  convinced  him  of  his  evil  pur- 
pose, since  nhen  he  hai  sought  his  lost  daughter  in  vain.  Thej  all  rejiHCe 
together, 


/iitf.,  pp.  638-55. 
"The  Thrle  Si&teks." 
(0  In  a  certain  town  a  man  and  wife  have  three  datighters,  named  Barasko, 
Dorotka,  and  Anu!.ka.     The  elder  are  vain  girls,  and  idle  their  time  away 
adorning  themselves,  whilst  youngest  must  work  for  them.    Mother  also  ill- 
treats  heroine,  and  nukes  a  slave  of  her,  whilst  she  indulges  the  elder  girb. 
Father  asks  daughters  what  he  shall  bring  them  from  maiket.     The  elder  two 
choose   brocades  and  stufCt,   ribbons  and  pearls.      Youngest  says 
nothing  but  what  hits  father's  hat  on  the  way.— (2)  Father  buys  the  costly 
gifts,  and  on  way  home  through  ihe  wood  his  hat  knocks  against 
Then  he  remembers  promise  to  heroine,  and  picks  three  nuts  for  her.     She 
bides  Ihem  in  her  tiosom,  but  that  night,  when  bending  down  (o  dip  « 
from  Ihe  welt,  the  nuts  fall  in,  and  she  is  greatly  distressed  and  weeps. 
frog  jumps  up  and  asks  why,  then  divea  and  fetches  them  far  her.     He  asks  if 
she  knows  what  is  innde  nuts.    Only  a  kernel,  she  supposes.    "  Not  at  all," 
says  frog.    "  There  is  a  costly  dress  in  each,  and  when  you  want  lo  wear  one 
you  can  ciack  a  nut."    Frog  disappears,  and  heroine  cannot  believe  him, 
though  she  will   take  great   care  of  ihe  nuts.     At  night  she  puts  them  in  ■ 
kerchief  in  the  chest— (3)  Ne»t  Sunday  asters  go  lo  church  in  their  finery, 
and  heroine  must  slay  at  home  alone  to  cook  ihe  dinner.    When  she  lias  put  it 
on  the  Gre  she  sils  down  on  the  chest  and  weeps,  and  w;r.hes  she  could  go 
cbuich.     But  her  rags'     If  only  it  were  true  what  the  frog  said  !    She  will 
crack  a  nut  and  see.    She  washes  herself,  then  draws  fmm  nut  a  rose-coloured 
dress  trimmed  with  silver,  a  silver  girdle,  a  white  veil,  a  pea/I  diadem,  and 
white  and  silver  shoes.    Thus  arrayed  she  leaves  Ihe  hnusc.    On  Ihe  Ihieshold 
she  sprinkles  herself  with  holy  water,  and  says,  "  Mist  before  me,  miit  bellind 


I 

4 

i 


h 


ihty  tbore  me  I    Little  aogcls,  gnaidun  angels,  protect  the 

hniDie  whilst  I'm  away."  In  the  church  all  make  way  for  her.  and  the  titt  by 
her  sisters,  who  cannot  take  their  eye*  off  htr  iplendid  clothes.  The  young 
king  of  the  land  is  in  church,  and  k  greatly  struck  with  the  lovely  lady,  but 
none  can  tell  him  who  she  is.  He  means  to  watch  her  leav^  but  she  is  off 
and  away  before  prince  can  futlow  her.  She  doffs  her  clolhesand  leluriu  them 
to  chest ;  dinner  is  ready,  and  parent'^  and  sisters  return.  S>sten  try  (o  make 
her  mvtDUs  liy  telling  her  of  lovely  lady, — (4I  Heroine  says  she  saw  her  too 
from  the  pear  tree.  I'eai-Iree  is  cut  down. — ^(5)  Next  Sunday  all  happen;  as 
before  ;  heroine  gocK  to  church  in  sky-blue  diess  covered  with  pearls  and 
diamonds,  a  diamond  coronet,  white  veil,  and  while  shoes.  Everything  as 
before.  She  look.'  towards  prince,  and  blushes  to  meet  his  glance.  She  hurries 
away  after  service ;  prince  fails  to  follow  her. — {€)  She  tells  sisters  she  watched 
princm  Irom  the  top  of  wickel,  which  is  then  lorn  down. — (7)  Third  Sunday 
heroine  wears  pearl-coloured  dress  embroidered  with  gold,  a  golden-bordered 
veil,  a  diaiieni  of  rubies,  and  gold-embroidered  shoei.  Everything  as  before. 
Prince  will  not  be  baffled  this  lime ;  he  has  conlriued  it  cunningly.  Two 
waggons  laden  with  lir-Irunks  are  stationed  near  the  church,  and  the  men 
have  orders  to  strew  the  road  with  fir-branches  the  moment  the  lady  has 
entered  the  church.  The  prince  counts  on  catrhing  her  before  she  can  gel 
over  the  trunks.  On  leaving  church  she  sees  a  great  heap  of  wood  outside. 
But  that  ia  nothing  to  her  ;  she  springs  over  ihe  fir-trunks,  shakes  out  her 
dress,  and  is  away.  Only,  one  of  her  shoes  is  left  behind  among  tb*  branches. 
— (S)  Prince  follows  after  her  and  picks  up  shoe.  An  old  beggar  woman 
comes  up  (o  him  whispering  she  knows  who  the  lady  is,  and  points  to  the 
house  she  comes  from.  Beggar  is  gone  before  he  can  look  round.  Mean- 
while heroine  has  put  away  her  splendid  clothes,  weeping,  and  almost  wishing 
(he  had  never  worn  them.— (9)  Sisters  return,  and  whilst  they  are  at  dinner 
a  carriage-and'four  drives  up  with  the  prince  inside.  Father  hurries  lo  him, 
and  prince  asks  if  it  is  true  that  he  has  a  daughter-  Mother  winks  lo  father, 
and  replies.  Prince  says  he  has  picked  up  a  shoe,  and  has  vowed  to  wed 
whomsoever  it  fits.  Where  is  (he  daughter?  Mother  says  girl  is  very  shy, 
and  would  not  try  it  on  in  his  presence.  She  will  take  it  to  her.  She  coes 
lo  elder  danghters,  and  says  one  of  them  will  be  a  princess. — (10)  Eldest 
duughler  cuts  off  beel,  puis  on  shoe,  and  mother  leads  her  to  prince,  who 
d<K-i  not  recognise  her,  but  puts  her  in  the  carriage  with  her  mother.  On 
the  way  the  little  dog  who  goes  everywhere  with  him,  b^ns  barking:  "  Bow- 
wow-wow I  Our  master  is  bringing  home  a  heelless  wife."  "  What's  that  ?" 
asks  the  prince-  Dog  repents  ;  then  he  turns  to  Baruski,  and  bids  her  take 
off  shoe.  She  does  10,  disclosing  a  bandaged  foot. — (ll)  Mother  says  the 
right  daughter  would  not  come,  but  sent  her  sister.  They  turn  back.  Mother 
takes  shoe  to  second  daughter,  wbn  cuts  off  big  toe.  On  the  way  home  with 
prince  dog  baiks,  '■  Bow-wow-wow!  Dor  master  is  bringing  home  a  loeless 
wife."  He  makes  her  take  off  shoe,  then  turns  back  wilb  mother  and 
daughter.  Mother  says  there  is  only  aservant-girl  in  the  house  besides.  She 
for,  and  prince  shakes  his  head,— (11)  At  last  father  confesses  that 
ihejr  have  uiothCT  daughter,  but  she  never  scci  people— she  it  loo  dirty.    She 


4aa 


CINDERELLA   VARIANTS, 


U  to  be  called.  Mottier  and  listers  are  furious.  Heroine  is  sitting  on  ths  dwst 
D  the  gurret,  weeping  si  though  her  heart  would  break.  Fnlher  comes  to 
fetch  her  ;  tells  her  how  sislen  hi.ve  lieen  brought  back  again,  and  now  the 
must  go  lo  prince.  Father  is  astonished  when  she  dons  pearl  dress.  They 
go  before  the  prince,  who  is  overjoyed  to  recognise  heroine.  All  want  to 
know  whence  she  obtained  her  gorgeous  dresses,  and  she  tells  them  every- 
thing. Sislen,  seeing  she  is  a  great  princess,  bll  on  her  neck  weeping,  ka 
though  sorry  lo  lose  her.  When  she  steps  into  the  carriage  little  dog  jumps 
about  and  barks  :  "  Bow-wow-wow  ]  Our  master  is  bringing  a  lovely  wiKe 
home." — (13)  Mother  and  daughters  rail  at  father,  and  scold  him  for  giving 
magic  null  to  youngest  daughter,  lie  declares  he  knew  nothing  of  their 
contents.  They  insist  that  he  shall  give  similar  ones  lo  them.  He  detenninec 
<o  go  to  same  tree,  pick  tliem  some  nuts,  then  go  lo  his  youngest  daughter, 
Thef  snatch  nuts  from  him,  crack  them,  and  out  of  each  comes  a  snake,  three 
elJs  in  length,  which  twines  round  the  neck  of  each  and  strangles  her.  They 
fall  10  the  earth,  which  opens  and  swallows  them  up. 


J.    Storm    Wang,     Ti    Norskt  Eventyr.      Throndhjem,    1868.  ; 

"  GiJLDi  anska"  (Golden  Glove), 

(A  second-hand  iransla'ion  of  ■' Kinette  Cendroti",  Cabimt  dei 

Fees,  iii,  108.) 


Rev,  Wknt WORTH  \V EBSTEH,  £asyue  Zfgeni/s.     Lotidon,  1877. 
Pp.  158-65. 

"  AsS-SKiN." 
(1)  younggHmmied  Faithful,  is  engaged  as  servant  by  king  and  queen,  and 
lives  seven  years  wilh  them.  King  gives  her  all  Ihe  keys,  even  that  of 
treasury.  One  day,  when  king  and  queen  are  out,  Faithful  goes  lo  fountain, 
and  thence  sees  seven  robbers  leaving  palace.  Runs  to  treasury  and  finds 
treasure  missing.  King  and  queen  return  ;  she  tells  Ibem  wbal  has  happened  j 
but  is  disbelieved,  and  kept  a  year  in  prison.  King  condemns  her  to  death, 
and  sends  her  Into  forest  with  four  men,  who  are  lo  bring  back  her  heart. — 
(1)  Men  lake  pity  on  her,  and,  seeing  ass,  say  they  will  take  its  heart  instead 
to  king.  Heroine  bids  them  6ay  ass,  that  she  may  wear  its  skin.— (3I  Men 
return  to  king,  and  heroine,  seeking  shelter,  comes  at  nightfall  to  beautiful 
house,  and  is  engaged  as  goose-girl.  It  is  a  king's  house,  and  dwelt  in  by 
(jueen-molhet  and  her  son.— (4)  After  some  time  old  woman  appears,  telli 
heroine  she  has  done  penance  enough,  and  is  to  ask  permission  to  go  to  festival 
given  by  king's  son,  and  bring  her  mistress  all  the  news  of  ball.  Old  woman 
gives  her  not  containing  dress,  etc. ;  she  is  to  break  it  on  way  to  balL— |J) 
Tliat  evening  heroine  obtains  permission  lo  go,  and  on  the  way  finds  in  nut  ■ 
silver  Tobe,  which  she  dons.     Vonng  king  admires  her,  and  dances  with  h«r 


I 


I 

I 


WEBSTER.  423 

■11  the  eveninf.  He  ii  called  aside  for  a  moment,  and  heroine  escapes  home 
and  lella  queen  about  girl  who  has  Tudnated  ItinE-  Queen  Uunli  het  son  on 
his  iclmn,  and  says,  Asiikin,  who  was  there,  has  (old  het  all,— (6)  King 
finds  heroine,  and  gives  her  two  blou-ii  with  slippers,  sajnng  he  will  kill  her  if 
she  goes  again  to  ball.  Heroine  minds  her  geese  ;  old  woman  appears,  gives 
her  walnui  containing  dress,  and  says  she  must  go  again  that  evening  to  ball, 
and  if  king  asks  her  name,  lay  "Itraf-le-miindoufle". — (7)  Queeri  warns  her  that 
king  will  kill  her  if  she  is  seen,  but  grants  permission.  She  goes  wearing 
golden  dress.  King  aiks  why  she  left  him  last  evening,  and  inqnirEa  her  name. 
Finally,  she  escapes  as  before,  and  tells  queen,  who  again  taunts  het  son.— 
(8)  King  threatens  Ass-»kin,  and  gives  her  two  kicks  with  ilipper,^(9)  All 
happens  third  time  has  befoie  ;  old  woman  has  given  peach  containing  dress 
of  diamonds.  At  ball,  king  obtains  heroine's  promise  of  marriage,  and  puts 
diamond  ring  on  her  finger.  She  escapes  as  before,  and  is  telling  everything 
lo  mistress,  when  1  he  king  enters,  and  is  mocked  at  by  queen. — (10)  King 
goes  to  bed  ilL  Queen  onedarsuggests,"Can  the  lost  lady  be  Ass-skin  her«lf?" 
king  must  look  at  her.  Ass-!kia  makes  broth  for  him,  and  puts  ring  in  middle 
of  bread.  Queen  ha*  her  well  dressed,  and  she  goe<  to  king,  who  is  doubtliil 
•bout  her  lilt  he  finds  ring.— (11)  Then  they  are  to  be  mattietl  directly,  and 
all  neighbouring  kings  are  invited. — (12)  During  wedding-feast  bridi^  is  asked 
lo  relate  some  news,  but  says  what  the  could  tell  would  not  please  all  present 
King  draws  sword,  and  says  any  who  speak  shall  be  slain.  Heroine  tells  faer 
own  story,  and  sayi  king  who  ordered  het  death  is  present.  Bridegroom  slays 
him.— ( 13)  Hero  and  heroine  live  happily,  and  have  two  children.  The  first 
dies  at  the  age  of  seven,  telling  parents  be  must  go  and  prepare  home  for  them 
in  heaven.  In  another  week  girl  dies  also,  saying  she  goes  to  keep  home  in 
heaven.     In  a  year  both  puenla  die  and  go  to  heaven. 


/fiit/.,  p.  l6g. 
(1)  A  king's  son  proposes  lo  marry  one  of  three  daughters  of  another  king. 
This  king  uks  daughters  how  much  they  love  him.  Eldest  says,  "  As  much 
as  my  little  finger";  second  says,  *'  As  much  as  my  middle  finger." — (3) 
Youngest  daughter  says,  "As  much  as  bread  loves  salt."  Father,  enraged, 
sends  her  with  two  servants  into  forest  10  be  killed.— (j)  They  span  her,  and 
cany  horse's  heart  to  king.— (4)  Heroine  lives  in  forest  on  plants  brought  by 
birds,  and  flowers  brought  by  bees.'— (5)  King's  son,  while  huntinf^  finds  het 
there,  takes  her  home,  and  marries  her. — (6)  At  weddirg-feast  heroine  gives 
father  bread  without  salt,   then  discovers  herself.     Two  sisters  remain  old 

[AW/.— In  a  story  given  pp.  21-32,  iHJ.,  the  hero  is  unjustly  censured  by 
his  father,  who  "  would  like  lo  eat  his  heart,  half-cooked,  and  without  salt". 
Hero  invites  father  to  his  wedding,  and  serves  him  a  sheep's  heart,  half- 


CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 


Ihid.,  p,  165. 


(1)  Dying  queen  eiacUpromiselhat  husband's  second  wi(e  shall  behereo 
tcrparl. — (2)  Daughter  resemble!  dead  molhi-r,  and  lakes  counsel  of  godmothecl 
how  10  escape  father.  She  bids  her  demand  wedding-gown  made  of  tliet^a 
wings;  but  this  impotsibility  is  performed. — (3)  Daughter  escapes  (in  on«l9 
version,  iti  a  ship,  in  anoiher,  on  fool),  and  lakei  place  as  servant. — (4)  KiitE  I 
gives  ball.     Old  woman  gives  heroine  nuEs  with  dresses,  etc. 

[This  lale  ends,  presumably,  in  the  usual  way,  but  only  Ibc  opening  i*  I 
iven.-,1/.  R.  C.\ 


Ibid.,  pp.  166-7.  (Narrated  by  Louise  Lanusse.) 
"The  Stei'MOTHER  and  the  Stei'dauuhter," 
(1)  Diiughter  bids  widowed  fnlher  marry  again,  that  she  may  see  him 
happy.  He  docs  so.  and  consents  lo  give  wife  full  power  over  daughter. — (3) 
Stepmother  gives  daughter  keys  of  king's  house,  which  is  near,  persuading 
her,  for  her  own  good,  to  enter  kmg's  chamber  at  night,  and,  wilhool  waking 
him,  bring  her  his  sash.  Daughter  obeys  reluctantly,  and  relums  wilh  king's 
girdle.  —(3)  Next  n'ght  she  is  sent  for  king's  watch-chain  ;  bul.  while  t>kipg 
il,  she  is  frightened  by  king's  moving  to  bed,  and  runs  off,  losing  &hoe  at  . 
door  of  i:hamlicr,^(4)  King  proclaims  that  he  will  wed  whomsoever  shoe  hit,  J 
and  makes  trial  first  amongst  the  rich,  but  comes  eventually  ic 
neroine's  father,  flis  suite  try  to  disauade  king  from  visiting  poor  folk,  but  be  i 
prnisis. — (SJ  Stcpmoiher  lells  king  she  is  ashamed  lo  receive  him  in  her  bed- 
room. There  t^he  shows  him  heroine  beautifully  dressed,  but  with  only  01 
shoe  on.  King  mariies  heroine,  and  lakes  father  and  stepmother  to  live  at 
palace. 


204    \V.  WEin-HO,  Podania  loiewskU  (Contes  leties).     Warsaw,  i8g 
Pp.  13-16.     {Taken  down  in  1886  in  the  district  of  Lucyn.) 


(1)  Falhei  seeks  to  marry  daughiei.^J)  She  guCi  to  mother's  tomb; 
mother  bids  her  demand  from  father  lalkirg-stick^  a  ball  of  mist,  and  K 
sledge  of  wind,  father  procures  all.— (3I  Heroine  consents  to  [he  marriage,  . 
bat  uys  she  must  ttrst  go  to  the  bath.'  There  she  places  the  four  talking- J 
■ticks,  throws  the  ball,  and  escapes  in  the  sledge  enveloped  in  misl.  KaiherJ 
goes  to  balh  room  door;  sticks  tell  him  he  must  wait.^44)  Not  finding^ 
daughicr,  falher  sends  hii  dog  after  her  to  bring  htm  her  heatL  The  good' 
dog  lakes  back  Ihe  heart  of  a  hare, — 15)  Heroine  reaches  a  morvcllons  oak- 
iree,  and  enters  it.  Then  >he  goes  to  the  queen,  seeks  service,  and  is  engaged 
u  swineherd.— (6)  When  king's  son  ii  dressing,  heroine  lakes  him  fim  m 

Il  is  customary  wilh  Ihe  Letts  lo  lake  a  hoi  balh.— Ztf.  Kartmpu%. 


WERVIta — WLISLOCKI. 


4»5 


er,  then  ■  towel,  uid  Ihirdlj,  some  straw  for  hU  boots';  each  time  he  bcBts 
hd.  because  she  h  so  dirty,— (7)  On  Sundays  heroine  runs  to  her  otW,  gels 
nia^-nificent  clothes,  and  goes  in  her  sludge  to  church.  On  leaving,  she 
coven  herself  in  mist.  In  answer  to  prince'i  three  questions  whence  she 
comet,  she  says,  "  From  Spill-wnler";  "  From  Towel-be»t";  "  From  Straw- 
beat." — {8l  Prince  has  tar  spre;td  in  front  of  church,  and  on  thiid  Sunday 
heroine  lines  her  shoe.  Search  is  made  throughout  the  kingdom  (or  the 
owner. — (9)  Prince  recognises  heroine  whilst  she  is  washing  up  the  dishes, 
fur  M  she  Sloops,  her  splendid  clothes,  which  she  has  kept  on,  show  beneath 
her  rags.     He  marries  tier. 


Wlislocki,    Dr.   Heinrich  von,  Miirthtn  uitd  Sagen  der  Bukn-    301 
u'inaer  und  Siebcniiirgrr  Armeiiier.     Aus  eigencn  mid  fremden 
Satnnilungen  Gbersetzt.    Hamburg,  1891.    Pp.  55-58.  No.  XXII. 


"  KoNiG  AMBAr 


I    DAS   WaISF.N .mack: HEN." 


I 


(t)  Many  Ihousand  years  «go  lived  handsome  young  king,  whose  might  and 
happiness  surpassed  that  of  the  Babylonian  Kmg  Pharaoh  himself.  His 
minislerr  often  urged  him  10  marry,  but  be  always  replied  Ihit  be  wished  to 
serve  his  country  and  his  God,  and  had  no  time  for  a  wife.  At  leng'h  they 
insist  on  his  marrying,  if  be  would  remain  king  over  them. — (j)  Bui  King 
Ambanor,  having  no  intention  of  marrying,  bethinks  him  of  an  artilice,  and 
declares  his  willingness  la  carry  out  their  wi>h.  But  he  will  only  hive  to  wife 
a  girl  who,  at  a  distance  of  one  hundred  paces,  can  knock  the  crown  off  his 
head  wilh  an  apple  ;  fur  only  such  a  one  would  be  worthy  and  competent  to 
share  the  throne.  On  New  Year's  Day  all  marriageable  girls  in  the  land  are  to 
assemble  in  [he  large  meadow  before  the  royal  residence,  and  make  the  cast 
at  the  crown.  So  it  happens  ;  but  not  one  of  the  girts  succeeds.  Most  of  ihem 
throw  the  apple  over  king's  head,  being  afraid  of  hitting  his  face,  and  losing 
their  lives  according  to  law. — (3)  When  alt  have  tried.  King  Ambanor  asks, 
cheerfully,  if  there  is  any  girl  left  who  has  not  yet  thrown.  ■'  Ves,"  says 
a  voice,  and  from  behind  a  bush  steps  forth  a  thickly-vnled  tall  girl,  entirely 

'  The  Lithuanian  and  Lett  peasants  wear  very  large  boots  in  winter,  and 
put  a  lillle  straw  inside  to  make  them  extra  warm.— Z>r.  JCarlmeic:. 

'  This  manhin  is,  in  the  words  of  Hanusch,  "one  of  the  most  important 
reminiscences  of  Armenian  mythology  ',  for  in  King  Ambanor  is  hidden  the 
name  of  the  ancient  Armenian  Sprmg  goddess,  Amani'ra,  I0  wham  also 
points  the  flower-decked  maiden.  The  festival  of  this  Spring. goddess  was 
celebrated  at  the  New  Year,  when  the  fruits  grown  in  the  year  were  offered  10 
her.  A  faint  reminiscence  of  the  festival  is  figured  in  [he  cusioro  of  the 
Transylvanian  Armenians  of  preparing  on  New  Year's  Day  a  diih  called 
dxtUtiil,  composed  of  nuts,  poppy,  raisins,  and  lemons,  which  is  consecrated 
by  the  priest,  and  shared  as  a  New  Year's  gift  among  friends  and  acquaint- 


4J6  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

covered  in  exquisite  flowers,  so  IhM  no  part  of  her  clothes  is  M 
up  to  Che  murli,  takes  not  a  diomond  apple,  anil  throws.  King  Ambwof's 
crown  falls  to  the  ground.  The  people  cbeet ;  hut  when  they  would  lead  her 
to  ihe  king,  the  girl  has  disappeared,  no  one  knows  whi'her.  — l4t  King 
is  vexed.  Tot  he  was  curious  to  see  the  filce  ot  ihe  veiled  maiden.  He  orders 
search  lo  be  made  for  her  in  every  direction.  No  one,  Ixowever,  can  fiiid  ber. 
He  is  still  more  annoyed,  and  one  day  has  all  girls  again  assembled  in 
meadow  to  throw  at  his  crown.  Bui  Rgain  no  one  hiis  it.  Ai  length  the 
veiled  and  flower.decked  maiden  appears.  Once  more  she  throws  a  diamond 
Bppic,  and,  OS  Ihe  crown  falls  to  the  ground,  vanishes.  She  is  sought  in  vim 
throughout  the  land. — (J)  A  third  time  king  assembles  all  marriageable  girlito 
throw  at  bis  crown.  All  happens  as  before.  But  when  king,  full  of  vexation, 
picks  up  Ihe  diamond  apple,  the  face  of  a  most  lovely  girt  looks  forlh  at  him 
as  from  a  mirror.  He  is  well  pleased,  and  exclaims  that  »he  and  none  other 
shall  be  his  bride.  All  are  lo  come  and  gaie  at  her  piclure.  None  know 
who  she  is.— (6)  King  is  inconsolabie,  shuts  himself  up,  and  will  speak  to 
none :  or  he  ranges  the  forests,  hunting.  On  one  oceaiion  night  overtakes 
him  on  a  mountain.  He  sees  a  hut  in  which  he  thinks  to  pws  the  night.  He 
enters,  and  sees  a  hideous  old  woman  sitting  at  the  beartb  with  her  Iwo 
hideous  daughters.  He  asks  for  night's  lodging,  the  which  old  woman  only 
grants  on  learning  that  he  is  King  Ambanor.  He  is  weary,  and  stretches 
himself  on  the  straw  bed,  but  cannot  sleep  j  for  all  night  long  'he  old  woman 
IS  holloaing  and  raging  outside  in  ihe  kitchen  like  mad.  Now  and  then  he 
hears  a  soft-toned  voice  in  the  midst  of  the  scoldings, ^(7)  Next  morning, 
before  leaving,  he  rewards  old  woman  and  her  daughters,  and  then  asks  who 
it  was  she  was  scolding  last  night.  Old  woman  complains  ihal  the  haa  a 
good-for-nothing  stepdaughter  in  the  house,  who  imagines  herself  lo  be  more 
beautiful  than  Atr  own  daughters,  and  now  is  quite  off  her  head,  and  feeds  an 
owl  with  old  woman's  scanty  bread,  declaring  that  it  gave  her  lliree  diamond 
apples.  King  is  full  of  curiosity,  and  says,  "Your  daughters  are  indeed 
lovely.  I'd  give  something  lo  see  Ihe  girl  who  imagines  Iterself  lovelier. 
Let's  see  her."  Old  woman  shouts  into  kitchen,  "Come  here,  you  diny 
baggage!"  And,  clad  in  rags,  a  lovely  girl  steps  in.  King  cries  out  that  he 
has  been  seeking  her,  embraces  her,  and  says  she  shall  be  his  wife,  leads  ber 
home,  and  lives  happily  with  her,  and  reigns  lo  his  life's  end. 


i 


F.  \VoLF,  ProbtH  PorlugiesUeher  und  CaialanischcrVolksrommictn.    | 
Wien,  1856.      P.  43,     (Aus  dem  Mamhefte  des  Jahrganges   , 
1856,   der  Siltungikruhlc  der  phil.   hist.    C/asse  dtr  Ktus. 
Academic  dtt  WxisenschafUn,  xx,  17.) 

"  ASCHENPUTTEU" 

~  {^ce  Afild y  Fontanals,  No.  76,) 


WOYCICKI.  427 


K.  W.  WoYCiCKl,  Polish  Fairy  Tales.     Warsaw,  1850.  126 

Vol.  ii,  p.  52. 

"The  Oak-tree  and  the  Sheepskin." 

(i)  A  handsome  princess  had  a  cruel  father.  She  ran  away  from  home, 
put  on  a  dirty  sheepskin,  and  went  in  search  of  service. — (2)  She  hired  herself 
as  a  scullery-maid  to  the  queen  in  the  neighbouring  kingdom.  The  queen  had 
a  son  whom  she  urged  to  take  a  wife ;  but  the  prince  could  not  find  one  to 
his  liking. — (3)  On  Sunday  Sheepskin  wanted  to  go  to  church.  The  queen 
brought  out  a  pot  full  of  poppy-seed  and  ashes,  mixed  together,  and  told  her 
to  separate  them ;  after  doing  this  she  might  go  to  church.  The  girl  wept 
Two  doves  flew  up  to  her  and  said,  "  Do  not  weep  ;  go  to  sleep  on  the  grass ; 
we  will  do  the  work  for  you,  and  there  will  be  time  to  go  to  church.*'  She 
fell  asleep.  When  she  awoke  she  found  that  her  task  was  ready.  She  took  it 
to  the  queen,  and  then  ran  to  the  forest — (4)  On  the  road  she  met  the  prince, 
who  had  dropped  his  whip.  She  picked  it  up  and  gave  it  to  him  ;  but  the 
prince,  annoyed  at  her  ugly  appearance,  instead  of  thanking,  struck  her  with 
it  She  ran  on  screaming. — (5)  In  the  depth  of  the  forest  there  stood  a  large 
oak-tree.  The  girl  struck  the  oak-tree  with  her  hand,  and  said,  '*  Open,  oak- 
tree,  and  let  me  have  a  fine  dress,  carriage,  amd  servants."  Instantly  she  had 
all  she  wanted,  and  drove  to  church.  All  were  surprised  at  her  beauty.  The 
prince  sent  his  servant  to  ask  her  for  her  address.  She  answered,  "  From 
Pick-up-whip."  The  prince  searched,  but  could  not  find  such  a  place. — 
(6)  On  another  occasion  the  same  thing  happened.  Going  to  the  forest. 
Sheepskin  met  the  prince,  who  had  lost  his  ring,  and  was  looking  for  it.  She 
found  it  and  gave  it  him.  Instead  of  thanking,  the  prince  pushed  her  away. 
In  the  church,  when  asked  for  her  address,  she  said,  "From  the  Gold-ring." 
— (7 )  On  the  third  occasion  the  queen  did  not  give  Sheepskin  any  task  to  do. 
She  drove  to  church  as  usual.  Before  the  service  was  over  the  prince  ordered 
some  pitch  to  be  poured  on  the  steps  and  on  the  footpath.  One  of  Sheep- 
skin's shoes  stuck  in  the  pitch ;  frightened  at  this,  she  jumped  into  the 
carriage,  and  quickly  drove  to  the  forest.  There  the  oak-tree  opened,  and 
carriage,  servants,  and  fine  dress  disappeared  into  it.  Sheepskin,  in  her  ugly 
covering,  returned  home. — (8)  The  prince  could  not  find  the  owner  of  the 
shoe.  Sad  and  gloomy,  he  walked  about.  One  day  a  pair  of  snow-white 
doves  flew  up  to  him  and  said,  '*  Do  you  recollect  who  picked  up  3rour  whip 
and  found  your  gold  ring?  The  shoe  will  fit  her  foot."  The  prince  ordered 
Sheepskin  to  be  fetched.  When  she  came  a  magnificent  dress  could  be  seen 
under  her  covering,  and  she  had  only  one  shoe  on. — (9)  The  prince  recognised 
and  married  her. 


428  CINDEREIXA    VARIANTS. 

205  WoYCiCKi,  Point sche  Voikssagen  und  Mdrcheriy  translated  into 
German  by  Friedrich  Heinrich  Lewestam.  Berlin,  1839. 
Bk.  iii,  No.  VIII,  pp.  120-30. 

**  Die  Geschwister"  (Brother  and  Sister). 

(i)  Brother  and  sister  are  orphans,  and  posse-s  a  rich  kingdom.  Sister  is 
so  lovely  that  brother  wants  to  marry  her.  She  is  horrified.  He  stys  he  will 
go  into  the  world  and  seek  a  maiden  as  lovely  as  herself  for  his  bride,  but  if 
none  such  can  be  found,  he  will  return  and  marry  her.  She  promises  to  do 
his  will. — (2)  After  seven  years'  vain  search  he  returns,  and  tells  sister  to  fulfil 
her  promise.  In  order  to  delay  the  wedding,  she  demands  a  dress  like  the 
moon  with  stars.  He  brings  it  her,  and  she  demands  one  like  the  sun.  This 
also  is  procured,  and  then  she  demands  a  little  carriage  in  which  she  can 
travel  whither  she  will  without  being  seen.  With  the  help  of  a  magician  this 
is  obtained. — (3)  Then  heroine  goes  to  her  room,  sends  her  maid  away,  and, 
standing  in  the  carriage,  begirs  putting  on  her  lovely  clothes.  She  says  all 
the  time,  whilst  dressing : 

*'  Open,  earth  !  open  wide  ! 
For  to  be  a  brother's  bride 
Is  an  awful  sin." 

When  she  is  clad  for  the  wedding,  the  earth  opens  and  swallows  girl  and 
carriage. — (4)  In  dercendirg,  she  spits  on  the  ground,  and  commands  spittle 
to  speak^  in  the  voice  of  her  maid.  The  impatient  brother  sends  a  servant  to 
ask  why  tarries  the  bride.  Servant  knocks  at  the  door,  and  asks  if  the  prin- 
cess is  nearly  ready.  Spittle  answers:  "She  has  just  put  on  one  stocking. '* 
Soon  he  knocks  again,  and  says  :  '*  The  guests  wait ;  the  bridegroom  waits ; 
is  not  the  princess  leady  ?'*  Spittle  answers  :  "Now  she  has  just  put  on  her 
dress  ;  she  is  nearly  ready."  Evening  comes  on,  and  a  thick  mist  covers 
the  earth. — (5)  The  impatient  brother  knocks  and  calls  in  vain,  at  last  breaks 
open  the  door,  and  steps  with  his  followers  into  the  room.  When  he  asks 
after  his  sister,  spittle  says,  "Your  sister  has  already  gone  below.      This  is 

what  she  left  you  : 

'  Open,  earth !  open  wide  ! 

For  to  be  a  brother's  bride 

Is  an  awful  sin.'  '* 


127    Rev.  A.  H.  Wratislaw,  Sixty  Folk-tales  \^ovX\\^xv\  Slavonians: 

Bulgarian    Stories].     London,    1880.      Story    No.    XXXVII, 

pp.  181-86. 

"  Cinderella." 

( I )  A  number  of  girls  were  spinning  round  a  deep  chasm  and  telling  tales 
to  each  other.     A  white-bearded  old  man  tells  them  that  if  one  drops  her 

^  See  note  69. 


i 


Wmatislav..  4ly 

r  mother  will  become  a  cow.  The  most  beautiful 
girl  dropped  her  spindle  into  Ibe  chum.  Her  mother  becoming  a  cow,  her 
hthcr  monicd  a  widow  with  a  daughter. —(l)  The  stepmother,  out  of  ^plte. 
allowed  the  girl  neither  to  wash,  comb  her  hair,  nor  change  her  clothes.  One 
day  the  sent  her  oat  with  the  cattle,  and  gave  her  a  quantity  of  low  to  yam  by 
eventide,  or  she  would  kill  her.  The  cow,  which  was  her  mother,  saw  her 
crying  over  her  task,  and  spun  the  tow  by  chewing  i<,  the  yam  coming  into 
hn  eu,  from  which  the  girl  reeled  it.  The  next  time  the  slepmolhcr  gave  ber 
u  much  low  again,  and  Ihe  cow  produced  the  yam.— (3)  The  third  lime  the 
itepmother  gave  her  still  more  Cow,  and  sent  her  own  daughter  to  *ee  how  it 
wah  done.  Th's  she  saw,  and  told  her  mother.  The  slepmoiher  ibcn  urged 
her  husband  to  kill  the  cow  ;  he  at  last  premised  to  kill  her  on  a  certain  day. 
The  gill  secretly  told  ihc  cow  of  this  prom'sc. — (4)  The  cow  told  the  girl  not 
■o  cat  any  of  the  flesh,  but  lo  collect  llic  bones  and  bury  them  behind  the 
CMlage  ;  ihen,  if  she  wanled  helo,  she  was  to  go  to  ihe  grave.  One  day  the 
cow  was  k'llel  and  Ihc  Bcsh  boiled,  and  Ihe  gul  did  is  Ihe  cow  had  directed 
her.  The  girl's  name  was  Mary,  but  now  they  put  all  the  work  in  ihe  cottage 
npqn  her,  and  Ihc  slepmoiher  nicknamed  her  "  Pe  clczka"  (Cinderella). — 
(5)  One  Sunday,  before  going  to  church,  her  stepmother  scattered  miUel  on  the 
ground,  and  lold  Cinderella  lo  pick  it  all  up  and  get  dinner  ready,  or  she 
would  kill  her.  She  thought  of  the  cow's  word,  and  went  to  the  grave  for 
assistance.  She  Ihcte  saw  an  open  box  filled  with  rich  cloihcs,  and  on  ihc  lid 
two  while  pigeons.  These  lold  Cindciella  lo  put  Ihe  clothes  on  and  go  to 
church  while  they  picked  up  the  millet  and  got  the  dinner  ready.  She  look 
Ihe  upper  cloihcs,  which  Were  of  pure  silk  and  satin.  People  in  Ihe  church 
marvelled  at  her  beauty  and  her  dress,  and  most  of  all  did  the  emperor's  son 
marvel  at  her.  When  service  was  ended  she  ran  quickly  home,  undressed, 
pill  ihc  clolhes  in  ihe  box,  which  then  vanished.  She  found  ihc  dinner  done 
and  Ihe  millcl  gathered.— (6)  Neat  Sunday  a  larger  di»li  of  millet  was  scaltered, 
and  she  was  told  lo  perform  ihc  same  task  as  before.  Upon  going  lo  Ihc 
grave  of  the  cow  she  found  the  two  pigeons  and  ihe  box  with  ihe  diesscs. 
She  put  on  a  diess  of  |iuie  silver  and  went  olf  to  church.  The  emperor's  son 
■gain  did  not  take  his  eyes  off  her.  She  stole  away  home,  undressed  a* 
bcfciTe,  and  found  all  icady.— (7)  The  third  time  ihe  slepmotber  scattered 
ihrice  as  much  millel,  and  lold  her  lo  perform  the  same  task.  5bc  went  In 
ihe  grave,  found  the  two  pigeons  iheie  and  Ihe  box  of  dresses.  Arraying 
herself  in  a  diess  of  pure  gold,  she  weal  lo  church.  The  cmpcfOr's  son  planned 
lo  follow  her,  and  as  she  was  pushing  through  Ihe  crowd  she  lost  one  of  her 
shoes,  whiih  ihe  emperor's  son  secured.  She  reached  h'>mc,  and  found  all 
ready  as  before.  — (8)  The  emferor's  son  di.-^iwd  himself,  and  wcnl  from 
collage  to  collage  to  try  the  slipper  on,  to  find  out  whose  it  was.  Il  did  not 
fit  anyone,  until  at  last  he  came  lo  Cinderella's  collage.— [9)  The  slepmoiher 
concealed  Cinderella  under  a  trough,  and  put  forward  herowndaughict.  Tlie 
•Jioc  did  not  fii,  and  the  slepmotlier  declared  there  wis  no  other  gill  tn  ihe 
house.- ( 10)  The  cock  Bew  ou  to  the  trough  and  called  out,  "  Cock  a.doodlc- 
doo  1  pretty  gill  under  the  troogh."  The  emperor's  son  took  the  trough  off, 
and  there  Wi»  Ihe  girl  he  had  seen  at  church,  only  on  one  fool  she  had  no 


A 


CINDEREtLA    VARIANTS, 


shoe.     lie  tried  his  shue  on,  >nd  it  ti 
hand,  nwrried  hi:r,  uid  punished  lh«  eI 


'  206  Zbibr  wladomo'sd  do  anlrapohsji  Krajowtj  (Colleciioii  de  mat^tf 
aux  pour  I'aniropologie  tiationale),  15  volumes,  Cracow,  1877J 
91.  Vol.  ii,  pp.  149-51-  (From  the  neighbourhood  of  Doha 
szyn,  Govemmenl  of  Plock;  taken  down  by  A.  Petiiiw.) 

"Kr<Sl6wna  sa  Popielucha"'  (The  Princess  as  Cinderella). 

(I)  Widowed  king  wants  to  marry  his  awn  dutglitcr. — (2]  She  deroani 
and  oblabE  front  him  varioui  objects,  like  the  moon,  the  stars,  tl 
Then  she  asks  for  a.  cloak  of  lice,  which  a  also  provided. —(3)  Heroii 
her  face,  dons  the  cloak,  and  goes  to  palace  of  neighbouring  king,  ptrsuadinE' 
cook  lo  hire  her  as  scullion.— (4)  On  Sunday  king'i  son  wants  his  comb; 
heroine  takes  it  more  quickly  than  his  lackey ;  prince  gives  her  blow  on  the 
neck.  She  hies  to  oak'tree,  where  she  has  liidden  her  fine  clothes,  dresses, 
Luid  dKves  lo  church  in  magnificent  coach.  Prince  sends  to  ask  whence  she 
comes.  "  I  am  Madam  Comb,"  she  replies. — (5)  Second  Sunday  same  in- 
cidents with  towel  J  and  on  third  Sunday  with  shijt,— (6)  Prince  has  Iw 
spread,  and  heroine's  shoe  remains  sticking  in  iL — (7]  A  grand  ball  is  given, 
and  vain  search  made  for  the  lady  who  owns  the  shoe.  At  last  they  go  to  the 
kitchen  to  try  it, — (8)  Heroine  is  recf^nised,  and  prince  monies  her. 


130  If>\d..  vol.  V,  pp.  330-32.  No.  XXXV.  (Conle  des  monlagnards 
polonais  des  fieskides  [Galllcie].  Taken  down  in  dialect  by 
W.  Kosiiiski,  1872-80;  from  the  neighbourhood  of  Skawi 
district  of  Myslenke,  near  to  Cracow.) 

(1)  A  cruel  mother  lums  her  three  daughters  out  into  the  forest. ^(1)  Tl 
two  elder,  who  are  supposed  to  be  goud  girls,  frequent  the  neighl 
castle,  and  enjoy  ihemaelves. — (3)  The  youngest  serves  an  ogress,  maiden 
her,  then  lives  with  her  sisters  as  cook.— (4)  She  also  goes  to  the  hall 
beautifully  dressed,  by  the  aid  of  3  magic  hotse,  and  is  admired  much  more 
than  her  sisters. — (5)  In  order  to  catch  her,  the  lord  of  the  casde  has  some 
wax  spread  ;  one  of  her  shoes  slicks  to  it.^(6}  Search  is  made  for  owner  of 
shoe.— (7)  Elder  sisters  cut  olf  their  toes  ;  but  the  youngest  is  recogaised, 
and  becomes  the  wife  of  the  lord  of  the  caatie.— (8)  The  two 
themselves  out  of  vexation.' 


?opielucha  =  Cinderella,  hompppiel,  cinder. 
fbid.,  vol.  «ii,  p.  32-33.    In  Samogitie,  diatrid 


of  Rosienie,  Goveinmeii 


of  Kowno,  Iheie  was  a  story  told,  lirca   1850,  closely  resembling  the  Pulisli 
versioni  of  Cinderella.     The  name  of  Cinderella  in  Lithnanian  a  Pclendr 


2Bi6r  WIADOMOSCI   do  ANTROP.   KRAJOWEJ.  43 1 


Ibid,^  vol.  xi,  pp.  81-83.     (Taken  down  in  1886  by  S.  Ciszewski,    207 
in  the  district  of  Olkusz,  Government  o(  Kfelce.) 

*'0  MvszEj  Sk6rce"  (Mouse-skin). 

(i)  Widowed  king  wants  to  marry  his  daughter.  She  weeps  and  groans. — 
(2)  The  Virgin  in  the  form  of  an  old  woman  appears  to  her,  and  bids  her 
demand  from  father  a  moon>dress,  a  san-dress,  and  a  dress  of  moose-skins 
which  will  cover  her  completely,  only  showing  her  eyes  and  nose. — (3)  When 
father  has  provided  everything  she  weeps  anew  ;  Virgin  appears  again,  makes 
her  pack  up  the  dresses  and  don  the  mouse-skins,  then,  throwing  to  the  ground 
a  thread  which  turns  to  mist,  she  bids  her  take  to  flight. — (4)  Heroine  takes 
service  as  scullion  at  palace  of  neighbouring  king.  Cook  twice  sends  her 
to  king  to  take  him  a  towel  and  a  brush  ;  each  time  the  king  scolds  and  strikes 
her. — (5)  Heroine  goes  twice  to  church,  in  moon-dress  and  in  sun-dress ;  king 
seeks  in  vain  for  the  lovely  stranger. — (6)  The  cook,  having  his  suspicions 
about  the  real  position  of  the  girl,  sets  her  to  make  cakes  for  the  king,  be- 
cause to  do  this  she  must  take  off  her  cloak. — (7)  He  spies  through  a  chink, 
sees  beautiful  girl,  and  fetches  king,  who  marries  heroine  and  rewards  cook. 


Ibid.^    vol.   xii,    pp.   45-48.      (Taken   down    in    1876    by   Dr.  129 
Karlowicz  in  the  district  of  Nowogr6dek,  Government  of  Minsk. 
Told  in  the  language  of  White-Ruthenia ;  published  in  Polish.) 

"The  Orphan  and  the  Fairy." 

(i)  An  orphan  is  driven  from  home  by  the  cruelty  of  her  cousins,  who  give 
her  nothing  but  a  pigskin  cloak  to  cover  her. — (2)  She  takes  service  with 
a  fairy,  but  is  puni&hed  for  curiosity  and  discharged,  taking  with  her  good 
advice  and  talismans. — (3)  She  next  enters  king*s  service  as  kitchen-maid, 
dressed  in  pigskin  cloak. — (4)  She  takes  first  boots,  and  on  another  occasion 
water,  to  king's  son,  who  ill-treats  her  each  time. — (5)  She  goes  to  church  in 
gorgeous  dresses  given  her  by  fairy,  and  the  prince  is  struck  with  her. — (6) 
On  the  third  occasion  she  loses  her  shoe  in  the  pitch. — (7)  Search  is  made 
for  the  owner,  and  the  prince  marries  her. 


(pelenai  =  ashes,  rusys  =  hole,  1./.,  coal-hole,  or  coal-heap).  This  Pelen« 
drusis  wore  a  gown  of  pigskins,  and  hid  her  magic  dresses  under  a  stone 
which  would  travel  when  struck  with  magic  wand  given  her  by  old  man 
(God).    In  her  replies  to  the  prince,  she  eedi  'U«sion  to 

the  harsh  words  he  spoke  to  her  when  she  tr 


Cinderella  vauiantS, 


ZiNCiiRLK,  Tirols  VolksdichtungtH  und  Vo/ksgehrAuehe,  gesanimeltl 
durcJi  die  Briider  Igiiaz  und  Josef.  Hand  i.  Kinder-  umtm 
Hausmarchttt.  Innsbruck,  1852-  Story  No.  II,  pp.  5-16  1 
(isl  edition).     (By  word  of  mouth  from  Botnen.) 


"CiSTL    IM    KoRBL."' 


(1)  A  poor  girl,  whose  paren': 


,  leaving  het  nothing  bul  the  rags  which 


ic  hott»  by  her  father's  creditors,  and  has  nowhere  , 
to  go.  She  waoderi,  weeping,  into  the  dark  wood  where  ^he  bu  so 
picked  rispbenies  and  mashrooins.  tjiDCe  her  fellowcrealuies  desert  her  ihs 
will  find  a  corner  lo  live  in  amongst  the  hares  and  deer.  When  night  coma 
on.  the  old  pines  and  llr- trees  cast  weird  ahadom,  and  iheliitle  girl  istcniliedi 
and  cries  bitterly.— (l)  Suddenly  a  hunter  stands  before  her,  and  asks  why  the 
cries.  He  comforts  her,  and  takes  fact  along  with  him  (o  show  her  some 
wonderful  things.  They  go  deeper  and  deeper  into  the  forest,  and  reach 
a  giant,  moss-covered  oak,  beside  a  little  rippling  brook.  "  Open,  hoarjr 
oak,"  says  the  hunter,  and  the  great  trunk  opens  and  discloses  glitlenng 
treasure — silver  dresses,  and  gold  coins  and  jewels.  "This  is  all  for  loa!\ 
says  the  hunter  lo  the  astonished  girl,  "  so  long  as  you  keep  it  a  secret  and 
remember  my  name.  '  Cistl  im  Korbl'  I  am  called,  and  in  seven  yentB  I 
ahall  return.  Use  the  treasure  wiiely,  for  your  happiness  depends  on  this, 
and  woe  betide  you  if  yiju  fo^et  m;  name  I"  >le  has  vanished  before  sbc 
can  thank  him,  and  the  oak  has  closed  again.  She  bids  it  open  lo  prove  it 
has  been  no  dream,  and  with  tri^mbling  hands  takes  out  a  2i3-kreurer  piec« 
and  the  trunk  closes  as  before. —  (3)  She  now  leaves  the  forest,  having  maiked 
well  the  position  of  tree,  and  goes  on  and  on,  always  repealing  "  Cisll  in 
Kcirhl",  till  Bl  length  she  reaches  a  fine  castle,  and  goes  to  kitchen  and  bega 
cook  to  lake  her  in  for  a  night's  shelter  or  as  a  servant.  Cook  look)  hct  Dp 
and  down,  calls  her  a  dirty  beggar,  and  says  she  must  be  ofl*.  Heroine  begins 
to  cry,  and  implom  the  cook  ;  till  at  length  she  is  engaged  to  mind  the  hena 
and  chickens.  She  roust  sleep  in  hen-house,  and  If  a  smgle  chicken  is  lost, 
out  she  packs.  In  the  daytime  she  drives  her  chickens,  whispering  all  the 
time,  "Cistt  im  Kurbl,"  and  thinking  of  the  oaklree. — [4;  Sunday  comeSi 
and  everybody  gt)e3  in  their  best  lo  church.  Thtn  she  goes  to  the  oak, 
chooses  a  dress  like  the  sun  at  noon,  washes  in  the  hrook,  and  goes  to  church. 
When  vhe  enters  all  give  plaix  lo  her,  She  kneels  to  pray  beside  the  count, 
who  is  amiied  at  her  beauty.  When  mass  is  over  she  harries  out  of  church 
and  away  to  the  forest  to  exchange  the  sun. dress  for  her  grey  kittle.  The 
count  loses  all  his  gaiety,  and  gaies  long  in  silence  out  of  window,  only  long- 
ing for  neit  Sunday.  —(0  The  belts  ring  for  mass,  and  heroine  hies  10  oak- 
tree,  chaoses  dress  like  Ihe  moon,  and  goes  to  church.    Count  cannot  take 


'  CisUl  signifies  in  some  districts  of  Ihe  Tyrol  a  flat  head-basket,  in  con* 
Irodistinction  to  Kirbtl,  by  which  is  meant  a  basket  for  carrying  on  the  back. 


ZINUERLE. 


43:5 


I 

I 


hU  semuits  to  follow  ber  after  servicer  Wben  she 
finds  ihe  ciinnot  ouWIrip  bef  pursuers,  she  delains  them  by  scattering  JO- 
kreuzer  piecn,  resumes  her  lagi,  and  returns  lo  her  chickent;.  The  count 
is  mlierable,  pining  for  another  Sunday, — (6)  Neat  time  herauie  appeara 
in  choTcb  in  a  Etar-dresi,  The  count  ie  enraptured;  sbc  rclurnj  his  smile, 
and  he  puts  hii  ring  on  her  fiBgcr,  When  the  leaves,  and  hi*  servants  follow, 
she  throws  handruU  of  gold  to  detain  ibetn.— (7)  Count  falla  ill  :  no  doctms 
can  cure  him.  His  friends  counsel  him  to  bestir  himself  and  make  merry 
will)  his  yooDg  companions  at  a  feast.  There  is  so  moch  to  be  done  in  the 
kitchen  that  poultrygir]  must  help  to  pluck  some  of  her  chickens.  After  that 
she  most  help  the  cook  with  ber  saucepans.  She  begs,  and  at  lengih  obtainr, 
a  little  dough  to  make  a  cake  herself,  and  slips  the  ring  into  it.  Her  little 
cake  swells  to  such  a  size  in  the  boiling  grease  that  it  hai  to  hare  a  plate 
to  itself,  and  it  locks  so  much  nicer  than  the  cook's  cakes  that  it  is  laid  before 
the  coun<.  Wlien  he  cuts  it  open  he  nearly  faints,  and  calls  for  the  cook,  who 
is  terribly  frightened  at  having  to  confess  who  made  it.— (S)  Heroine  is  sent 
for,  and  appears  in  a  dress  like  the  dawn,  which  she  bad  brought  with  ber 
from  the  oak  and  kept  hidden  under  her  straw  bed.  All  the  guests  rise  as 
(he  enters,  and  the  count  greets  her  as  his  bride  and  places  her  beside  him- 
They  are  married  thai  evening  in  Ihe  castle  chapel. — (9)  The  happy  years 
glide  by,  and  they  have  a  lovely  little  daughter.  Suddenly  heroine  bethinks 
her  of  the  green  hunter,  and  of  her  promise  to  him.  The  seven  yean  are 
nearly  over,  and  she  has  r|uiit  forgotten  his  name.  All  her  joy  is  (led— none 
can  cheer  her. — (lo)  One  evening  she  is  sitting  sorrowfully  at  the  window 
watching  Ihe  gardeners  packing  op  their  tools.  One  of  them  has  a  Hat 
head-basket  (Cut/)  which  he  flings  into  hislt^e  basket  (ICori!).  The  countess 
laughs  aloud,  crying  "  Cistl  im  Kdrbl",  so  that  the  count  and  her  women 
rush  to  see  what  has  made  her  glad.  They  rejoice  to  see  her  happy  again. 
—(11)  Meil  day.  when  she  is  out  walking,  she  meets  the  green  hunler,  and 
greets  him  by  name.  He  smiles,  and  lays  his  fingers  on  bis  lips  as  a  sign 
that  &he  must  never  tell  a  living  soul  about  him.  Then  be  vanishes  for  ever, 
and  Ihe  count  and  countess  live  happily  for  many  a  Jear,  and  have  two 
children. 


Mid.     Siory  No,  XVI,  pp,  86-94  (isted.);  72-78  (ind  ed.,  1870).    257  | 
(Told  in  Passeier.) 

"  Hennenpkosl"'  (The  Poultry -girl). 

( I )  A  count  and  countess  have  several  children,  all  of  whom  they  love  very 
much,  except  the  youngest,  who  is  far  more  beautiful  than  all  her  sisters.^ 
(I)  Being  unkindly  treated  by  parents,  she  resolves  to  leave  home  and  seek 
situation.  She  packs  three  nice  dresses,  a  blue,  a  red,  and  a  white,  in  a 
bundle,  dons  costly  clothe^  and  sets  ooL     Presently  the  meets  a   peasant- 


'  Bmiumffvil,  in  Paneier,   =  IfnmmJiriti. 


434 


CINDERELLA    VAKIANTS, 


woDian,  and  chaag:s  clothes  with  ber.  She  coniEs  to  rock,  IniTei  her  bn 
in  1,  ove  at  the  foot,  and  mounts  to  cutle  on  the  height.  The  casttttao,  who 
npens  to  her  knock,  aecosls  her  harshly.— (3)  She  asks  for  employment,  and 
li  engaged  u  poullry.girl  [HiiieHf'fi'sl). — (4)  The  owner  ot  the  castie  gives 
a  large  ball,  tu  which  he  invites  all  the  neigh boarhoix],  meaning  to  choose  the 
loveliest  girl  for  hia  bride.  When  the  sound  of  the  muBLC  reaches  the  poulliy- 
girl,  she  goes  to  porter,  and  asks  permission  to  go  into  ball-room  for  one 
moment.  He  says,  how  can  such  a  dirty  thing  as  she  is  be  allowed  amongst 
the  company.  She  rejoins,  that  he  will  have  no  occasion  to  be  ashamed  of 
her  when  she  is  wished  and  dressed.  She  goe>  to  10^,  and  exchanges  her 
tnean  kirlle  for  the  sky-blue  dress.  When  she  enters  ball-room  the  owner  ol 
the  castle  sees  at  once  that  she  is  by  lar  the  most  bcauilful  girl  present,  and 
dances  with  her  forthwith.  Tlie  dance  over,  she  vantihei,  no  Oiic  knowj 
whither.  The  lord  of  the  cutle  is  inconsolable.  Heroine  returns  drcis  K 
rock,  and  is  back  at  the  castle. — (5)  Anon,  the  lord  gives  another  ball,  in  lh< 
hope  of  seeing  her  again,  and  gives  orders  that  no  one  is  lo  be  allowed  U 
leave  the  castle.  Heroine  attends  as  before,  this  lime  in  red  dress.  After- 
dancing  with  lord  she  runs  lo  door,  and,  finding  it  guarded,  icittcn  gold  to 
the  servants,  and,  whilst  they  pick  it  up,  escapes. — Ifi)  The  lord  is  very 
miserable  at  losing  her.  and,  afier  n  time,  gives  third  ball,  which  she  attends, 
wearing  while  dress.  Whilst  dancing  with  het  he  slips  a  gold  ring  an  her 
linger.  She  agun  runs  off  after  first  dance,  and  slips  through  the  guards 
whilst  they  ore  picking  up  the  gold  she  scatters.  — (7)  One  day  lord  orden 
cook  to  mike  pancake.  Heroine  happens  to  be  in  kitchen  whilst  ihej  ans 
flying,  and  begs  to  be  allowed  lo  mike  just  one  pancake  for  the  master.  At 
last  cook  consents,  and,  whilst  his  back  is  turned,  she  slips  ring  into  the 
dough.  The  lord  is  astounded  when  be  presently  hnds  the  ring,  and  lends  11 
once  for  cook,  who  will  not  confess  that  he  allowed  the  dirty  poulliy-girl  to 
make  one  o(  the  cakes,  liil  threatened  with  death.— (8)  Then  heroine 
called,  appears  prettily  dreised,  and  is  instantly  recognised.  In  a  few  wee 
Ihej  ore  married. 


4 


f  12s    Bid.,  pp.  130-39  (isl  edition),     (By  word  of  mouth  from  Menin.)^ 

"  Die  drei  Schwestern"  (The  Three  Sisters). 

(I)  Three  sisters  live  in  a  town.  The  two  elder  are  proud  and  hanghly  ; 
Ihe  youngest  is  modest  and  good,  wherefore  she  is  baled  by  her  sisters.  Thcf 
make  her  do  all  the  menial  work,  and  stay  at  home  to  work  and  mind  the 
house  if  ever  ihey  go  to  a  ball.— (a)  King  gives  grand  ball,  and  ihey  leave 
heroine  at  home  as  usual  in  her  workday  clothes.  She  goes  about  her  work 
sadly,  when  an  angel  suddenly  appeois.  gives  her  a  sun-drcss  and  glittering 
gems,  and  bids  her  don  them  and  go  where  her  sisieis  have  gone.  Diieellf 
s.  and  the  dance  is  ended,  she  must  hurry  home,  so  Ihat  n 


I 


w  she  has  been  at  ihe  palac 


'5  that  Heaven  will  sec  to  that  U 


:i  about  leaving  work  J 


ZINGERLE.  435 

her  at  the  ball,  and  king  dances  with  her  alone.  Presently  she  disappears, 
no  one  knows  whither.  She  doffs  the  finery,  and  finds  all  her  work  done. 
Sisters  return,  and  tell  her  of  lovely  stranger. — (3)  King  can  think  of  nothing 
bat  her,  and  determines  to  give  another  ball.  All  happens  as  before.  Angel 
finds  her  darning  sisters'  stockings,  and  gives  her  moon-dress.  She  vanishes 
from  ball-room  as  before. — (4)  King  gives  third  ball.  Angel  brings  heroine 
a  star-dress  and  a  purse  of  gold.  King  questions  her  in  vain  as  to  who  she  is 
and  whence  she  comes.  He  sends  his  servants  to  follow  her  when  she  leaves, 
and  she  scatters  gold  to  detain  them.  But  one  will  not  be  tempted,  and 
follows  her  still ;  so  she  drops  one  of  her  gold  shoes,  and  he  picks  it  up  and 
carries  it  in  triumph  to  king. — (5)  King  sends  him  to  try  the  shoe  on  every 
girl  in  the  town,  and  the  one  whom  it  fits  is  to  be  brooght  to  the  palace. 
Servant  comes  at  length  to  the  house  of  the  three  sisters.  The  eldest  cuts  off 
her  toes,  puts  on  shoe,  and  sets  out  with  servant  to  castle.  They  pass  an  old 
linden-tree  under  which  diets  were  held,  and  a  red  bird  overhead  sings : 

**  Princess  Ironhood, 
The  shoe  is  full  of  blood.*' 

Servant  sees  blood  streaming  from  shoe,  and  knows  he  has  not  got  the  right 
girl. — (6)  He  takes  her  back,  cleans  the  shoe,  and  gives  it  to  the  second 
sister,  who  takes  it  to  her  room,  and,  finding  it  too  large  for  her  foot,  stuflb  it 
up  with  rags.  Servant  sets  out  with  her,  but,  as  they  pass  the  linden,  same 
little  red  bird  sits  on  a  twig,  singing  : 

"  Princess  Ironhag, 
The  shoe  is  full  of  rag." 

Servant  sees  rag  sticking  out  of  shoe,  and  takes  her  home  again. — (7)  Only 
Else  (the  youngest)  is  left,  and  sisters  try  to  prevent  her  trying  shoe.  Servant 
insists ;  shoe  fits  her  perfectly.  Heroine  puts  on  her  best  clothes  and  sets  out 
to  palace,  folio ired  by  servant.     The  bird  on  the  linden  sings,  so  gaily 

*'  Princess  Iron-thrall 
The  shoe  fits  best  of  all." 

They  reach  the  castle,  and  king  hastens  to  v^elcome  her,  having  recognized 
her  from  afiir.  Next  day  there  is  a  grand  festival ;  herald  orders  silence,  and 
king  proclaims  Else  as  his  queen.     Great  festivities  celebrate  the  event. 


ZiNGERLE,  Tirols  Volksdichtungen  und  Volkss^tbrduche^  gesammelt    270 
und  herausgegeben  durch  die  Briider.     Band  11.    Kinder-  uttd 
Hausmdrchen   aus  Suddeutschland.     Regensburg,    1854.     Pp. 
231-35.    (From  Zillerthal.) 

"  Der  gehende  Wagen"  (The  Carriage  which  goes  by  Itself). 

(i)  A  rich  man  has  an  only  daughter,  whom  he  loves  < 
every  wish.     When  she  is  grown  up,  he  wants  her  to 
one  of  the  best  houses  in  the  town.    She  object*  *" 


CINDERELLA    VARUt 


cca-it  to  wish  il,  she  n 


cngth  consents, 


a  conditioni.— (i)  Wllhta 


three  days  she  must  hRve  a  carriage  which  travels  by  itself  at  commam],  then 
tout  dreasea— a  sky-blue  wiih  gold  stars,  a  sQver,  a  gold  dress,  and  a  dress 
made  of  the  skins  of  field-mice.  Father  is  vexed,  but  orders  all  to  be  pro- 
cured, and  ihey  are  ready  within  the  lime  appointed.  The  carriage  halts  at 
her  door ;  the  four  dresses  are  inside.  She  wishes  to  make  trial  of  the  car- 
riage, and  steps  in.  Away  it  rolls  wilh  her,  and  does  not  slop  till  she  gets  to 
an  unknown  country  ;  then  it  breaks  down. — (3)  She  sees  a  hallow  oak-trc!, 
and  hides  her  magic  dresses  in  it ;  then  dons  the  mouse-ikin  dress,  and  goes  to 
the  nearest  town.  She  seeks  in  vain  for  employment,  for  none  will  engage 
the  ilranger  in  the  grey  Fur  dress.  At  length  she  is  hired  as  kiichen-mald  in 
a  count's  liitchcn,  and  lias  to  do  all  the  menial  work  and  clean  the  hearth.  At 
night  she  sleeps  on  dirty  straw,  in  a  wretched  little  room,  which  only  contains 
a  chair  and  a  clothes -box.— (4)  After  some  lime  the  count  gives  a  grand  ball 
which  ii  to  last  several  days,  for  he  wants  to  choose  a  bride.  These  are  hard 
days  for  the  kitchen-maid,  who  has  to  be  always  carrying  water,  and  polishing 
and  bcrubbing,  and  plucking  fowls,  and  doing  all  manner  of  things.  All  is 
ready  at  last,  and  the  guests  arrive.  Then  heroine  thmks  of  her  father,  and 
how  she  used  10  dance,  and  be  the  loveliest  gill  in  the  room.  She  begs  the 
cook  to  let  her  walch  the  guests  come  and  go  from  behind  the  door.  At  length 
she  gets  permission,  but  hurries  off  to  the  oak-tree,  dons  the  sky-blue  dre*t, 
and  returns  and  enters  bail-room.  All  are  amaied  at  sight  of  her,  and  the 
count  dances  with  her  alone.  After  an  hour  she  disappears,  hies  to  oak,  re- 
sumes her  ordinary  clothes,  and  gets  behind  door  to  watch.  She  sees  the 
guests  leave,  and  the  count  looks  very  heavy-hearted. — (j)  All  happens  the 
same  next  night.  Heroine  appears  at  hall  in  silver  diess,  and  leaves  in  an 
hour,  as  before.  Count  has  stationed  guards  at  the  doors  to  stop  the  unknown 
beauly,  but,  aware  of  this,  she  slips  out  at  the  back  door  and  runs  to  the  oak. 
—(6)  At  the  third  ball  she  appears  in  dress  of  gold.  The  count  is  over- 
joyed. She  cannot  escape  to  the  oak  this  time,  for  the  whole  house  is  sur- 
rounded with  servants.  So  she  slips  into  her  little  room,  where  she  must  hide 
the  magic  dress.— (7)  But  a  servant  has  seen  her  enter  the  kitchen-maid's 
room,  and  fetches  the  count,  w^o  opens  the  door  and  sees  the  kilchen-maid  in 
I  lie  act  of  hiding  the  dress  in  the  boi-M^)  He  fnlls  on  her  neck,  bids  hn 
resume  magic  dress,  and  go  with  him  to  ball-room,  where  he  prodalms  her 
his  liride.     They  live  long  and  happdy,  surrounded  by  their  lovely  children. 


Part  III.— E.— HERO    TALES. 


ABSTRACTS. 


P.    Chr.    Asbjornsen  og   Jorgen  Moe,  Norskt  Folkeeveniyr,    319 
2nd  edition.     Christiania,   1852.     P.   415.     (From  Sell,   in 
Gudbrandsdal.) 

"KaRI    TRiESTAK." 

Boy  and  girl  serve  troll  underground — Ill-treated  hero — 
Helpful  animal  (ox) — ^Ear  cornucopia — Girl,  sent  to  spy,  is  lulled 
to  sleep  by  a  huldre.  Troll  then  puts  magpie  eyes  in  her  neck, 
which  remain  awake — Slaying  of  helpful  animal  and  hero  pro- 
posed— Hero  flight  on  bull,  through  copper,  silver,  and  gold 
forests — Princess  as  prize — Hero  rides  up  steep  mountain  on  ox ; 
may  not  have  princess  till  he  has  thrice  discovered  her  hiding- 
place  (i)  in  ear  of  ox,  (2)  in  a  pin  amongst  several,  (3)  in  one 
of  many  loaves — ^Happy  marriage. 


3id,^  p.  418.     (From  Hardanger,  Norway.)  320 

"KaRI    TRiESTAK." 

Ill-treated  hero  (by  stepmother  and  stepsister) — Menial  hero 
(herds  cattle) — Helpful  animal  (ewe)  gives  milk — Stepsister,  sent 
to  spy,  is  twice  put  to  sleep  by  hairdressing ;  third  time,  magpie 
eye  in  her  neck  sees  hero  suck  grey  ewe — Slaying  of  helpful 
animal — Attempt  to  starve  hero— Helpful  animal  (ox) — Step- 
sister sent  to  spy ;  magpie  eye  sees  hero  suck  ear  of  ox — Slaying 
of  helpful  animal  proposed  ;  hero  strikes  stepmother  instead  of 
ox ;  is  driven  from  home  by  father — Hero  fli^t  on  ox  through 
brass,  silver,  and  gold  forests ;  he  disobeys  injunction  and  takes 
(i)  brass,  (2)  silver,  (3)  gold  ladles  and  stirring-rods,  causing  to 
appear  (i)  two-headed,  (2)  four-headed,  (3)  six-headed  giants, 
whom  ox  fights  and  kills.  Ox  nearly  vanquished,  because  hero 
called  him  by  name — They  reach  castle,  where  is  a  weddings- 


438  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

Hero  cliops  oiT  ox's  head,   transforming  ox  lo  prince — Hfitiial  ' 
hero  and  prince  (in  castle  kitchen) — Hero  uses  brass,  silver,  and 
gold  ladles  and  stirring-rods,  causing  dishes  Co  shine  with  corre- 
sponding lustre — King,  seeing  hero's  ladles  and  stirring-rods,  would  ■ 
prefer  him  as  son-in-law.     Hero  conducts  king  to  brass,  silver,  | 
and  gold  forests— Happy  marriage. 


Athanas'ev,  Russian  Folk-laki.     Moscow,  1861, 
No.  XXXVIII. 


Part  V 


Three  sons  sent  in  turn  to  watch  wheat-field  at  night ;  two  J 
elder  fall  asleep,  and  wheat  is  stolen ;  youngest  son  catches  bird,  I 
and  no  wheat  is  missing.     Elder  sons  take  bird  from  hero,  and    ' 
show  it  to  father,  who  sells  it  to  king.     Bird  locked  in  cell,  key 
of  which    queen  keeps.      Prince  steals  key  and  liberates  bird, 
who  is  really  brass-man.       Prince  convicted    of  theft  of  key  ; 
sewn  up  in  pigskin,  and  turned  out — Hero  disguise  (pigskin)^ 
BrasB-maa  aid — Uenial  hero  (cook's  assistant  at  palace) — War  I 
breaks  out,  three  successive  years ;  hero,  thrice  equipped  by  brass   f 
man,  slays  the  enemy  with  magic  sword ;  returns,  and  dons  pig- 
skin, and  plays  with  (1)  silver  apple,  (z)  gold  apple,  (3)  "si 
apple,  which  he  gives  to  princess,  who  craves  them.     Hero  is 
wounded  in  third  war;  king  binds  his  arm  with  his  own  handker- 
chief, and  gives  him  ring — Recognition — Happy  mamage. 


M.  Dragomanov,  Afalorusskiya  narodtiuiya  predaniya  i  razskasy  I 
(Legends  and  Popular  Tales  of  Little  Russia).  Kiev,  1876.  I 
Pp.  a6i-67 

"  KorSbury-popeljuh"  (Dirty  Cinder-boy) 
Despised  youngest  son  nicknamed  Popeljuh — Hearth  abode —  I 
Sea-horses  spoil  king's  fields ;  hero  catches  three  of  them,  and 
keeps  them  hidden — Princess  as  prize  lo  any  rider  who  can  | 
jump  as  high  as  second  storey  of  castle — Hero  reaches  second 
storey ;  receives  ring  and  handkerchief ;  kisses  princess  ;  escapes 
home,  and  sits  in  ashes^ Wedding  of  princess  celebrated  after  a 
year's  time— Happy  marriage— Hero  again  escapes^ — ^Var  against 
king^Hero  secures  his  victory ;  is  reunited  to  bride. 


E. — HERO   TALES.  439 

Gypsy-Lore  Socieiyy  Journal  of  the^  wo\,  iii,  pp.  208-10.     ("Tales    323 

in  a  Tent,"  by  John  Sampson.) 

"De  little  Bull-Calf." 

Ill-treated  hero  (by  stepfather) — Helpful  ammal  (bull-calf) — 
Old  man  aid — Hero  flight  on  helpful  animal — Bull  fights  and 
kills  various  wild  beasts ;  is  killed  by  dragon — Hero  skins  bull, 
inflates  its  biggest  gut,  which  will  kill  everything  he  hits  with  it — 
Princess  staked  down  as  prey  for  dragon — Hero  kills  dragon  with 
bull's  gut,  and  cuts  out  its  tongue ;  takes  leave  of  princess,  who 
ties  diamond  ring  into  his  hair — King  surprised  to  find  princess 
living ;  releases  her  \  proclaims  that  her  deliverer  shall  wed  her 
and  succeed  to  kingdom — Trophy  marriage  test — Impostors  cut 
off  first  fingers,  and  show  tongues  of  various  wild  beasts — Hero, 
poorly  clad,  is  turned  away ;  after  a  time  comes  again,  better 
dressed — Recognition  by  means  of  diamond  ring  and  dragon's 
tongue— Happy  marriage. 

Josef  Haltrich,  Deutsche  Volkstndrchen^  aus  dem  Sachsenlande, 
in  Siebenbiirgen.     Wien,  1882.     Pp.  96-100.     No.  XXIV. 

"  Das  Rosenmadchen." 

Hero  conducted  by  bees  to  castle  of  rose-girl,  guarded  by 
dragon — Menial  hero  (gooseherd  at  castle) — Magic  mantles  and 
horses,  procured  by  means  of  wishing-bell — Meeting-place  (ball) 
— [Threefold  flight] — Recognition  of  hero  by  means  of  pitch 
which  rose-girl  puts  on  his  hair—  Escape  from  dragon  .  .  . — ^Happy 
marriage. 


Ibid,^  pp.  195-96.     No.  XLVII. 
"  Der  Aschenputtel  wird  Konig.'* 

Dl-treated  hero  (by  elder  brothers) ;  nicknamed  Aschenputtel 
— ^Hearth  abode — Death  of  king ;  general  assembly  in  royal 
meadow  for  the  Lord  to  crown  successor.  Hero  bidden  to  stay 
at  home ;  goes  secretly  to  meadow,  and  hides  in  pig-sty.  Crown 
hovers  in  the  air,  settles  on  pig-sty.  Aschenputtel  proclaimed 
king 


440  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

326        O.  KoLBERG,  Lud,    Krakowskie.     (The  people,  Province  of 

Cracow.)    Vol.  iv,  pp.  1-3. 

"The  Three  Knights." 

Dying  father  bequeaths  three  magic  whips  to  youngest  son, 
nicknamed  Pfecuch — Hearth  abode — Hero  thrice  victorious  at 
contests  for  hand  of  princess — Happy  marriage. 


327  Ibid.^  pp.  3-5.     Variant  of  the  above. 

Hero  is  "  black  as  a  sweep" — Hearth  abode — Hero  scales  glass 
mountain  to  win  princess —Happy  marriage. 


328    O.  KoLBERG,  Lud,     Sandomierske.     (Province  of  Sandomierz.) 

Warsaw,  1865.     Pp.  274-76. 

Dying  father  bids  three  sons  watch  by  turns  for  three  nights  on 
his  tomb — Elder  brothers  send  hero  each  night — ^Help  at  grave 
of  dead  father ;  hero  receives  three  talismans — Hearth  abode — 
Magic  dress  and  steed — Hero  rides  mid-air  round  princess's 
castle — Search  for  champion — Happy  marriage. 


329  O.  KoLBERO,  Lud,     Kujawy.     Warsaw,  1867.     Vol.  i, 

pp.  127-29. 

"The  Glass  Mountain." 

Princess  in  glass  mountain ;  whosoever  can  reach  her  may 
wed  her.  Man,  called  "  King  of  the  Mice",  gains  mountain. 
Hero,  despised  younger  son  of  peasant,  slays  King  of  the  Mice, 
dons  his  garb — Hero  disguise  (mouse-skins) — Thrice  reaches  prin- 
cess— Happy  marriage — Hero  slays  king's  enemies ;  becomes 
king. 


E. — HERO   TALES.  44I 


O.  KoLBERG,  Lud,     Lubelskie.     (Province  of  Lublin.)    Vol.  ii,    330 

pp.  180-83. 

"The  Old  Man  with  the  Beard." 

Nobleman  catches  dwarf  with  beard  an  ell  long ;  would  ex- 
hibit him.  Nobleman's  son  liberates  dwarf,  and  is  sentenced 
to  death.  Servant  spares  him  ;  kills  dog  instead — Menial  hero 
(scullion  to  a  nobleman) — Magic  clothes  from  grateful  dwarf- 
Master's  daughters  fall  in  love  with  hero — Happy  marriage:— 
Father  invited  to  wedding ;  hero  makes  himself  known ;  father 
kills  himself. 


Friedrich  S.  Krauss,  Sagen  und  M&rchen  der  Siidslaven,         33 1 
Leipzig,  1883-84.     Vol.  ii,  p.  346.     No.  139. 

"Held  Hirte  und  das  scheckige  Kuhlein." 

Outcast  hero — ^Menial  hero  (cow-herd  at  inn) ;  has  nothing  to 
eat — ^Helpful  animal  (cow) — Cornucopia.  Magic  food-producing 
cloth  in  cow's  right  horn,  which  screws  off — Spy  on  hero — Slay- 
ing of  helpful  animal  proposed — Hero  flight  on  cow,  who  spreads 
out  wings — Dragon,  cow's  enemy,  dwells  in  hollow  tree.  Hero 
stops  hole  with  dry  grass,  sets  fire  to  grass,  and  dragon  perishes 
— Hero  and  cow  live  many  years  in  hill.  Hero  must  try  to  pull 
up  tree,  roots  and  all.  He  cannot;  must  wait  seven  years.  [Tale 
passes  into  variant  of  Grimm's  "How  Six  Men  got  on  in  the 
World",  and  of  "Shepherd  Paul"  in  Magyar  Tales.] 


E.  T.  Kristensen,  Danske  Foikeaventyr  (i2>%^).     P.  174. 

No.  XXVI. 

"  TvREN  OG  Prinsessen  pA  GLASBjiERGET"  (The  Bull  and  the 

Princess  on  the  Glass  Mountain). 

Ill-treated  hero  (by  stepmother>— Helpful  animal  (bull)— 
Hero  strokes  bull's  back,  and  gets  food — Spy  on  hero — Slaying 
of  helpfcil  animal  and  boy  proposed — Bull  tosses  stepmother 
into  fire  intended  for  bull's  destruction — Hero  flight  on  bull 
through  three  forests  of  apple-trees ;   hero's  longing  for  apples 


442  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

causes  to  appear  trolls  (i)  three-headed,  (2)  six-headed,  (3)  nine 
headed  ;  bull  fights  trolls,  winning  from  them  (i)  horse,  (2)  spade 
and  shovel,  (3)  bag  of  mist.  Bull  bids  boy  bury  him  with  spade 
and  shovel  at  foot  of  two  hills,  and  return  in  two  years'  time  to 
dig  him  up,  bringing  with  him  bowl  of  water,  bowl  of  blood,  and 
bowl  of  milk — Menial  hero  (stable-boy  at  castle) — Magic  clothes 
and  steeds — Hero  thrice  rides  up  glass  mountain  ;  receives  silver 
apple  and  gold  apple  from  princess,  and  third  time  kisses  her — 
Threefold  flight  from  competitors,  who  surround  hero ;  bag  of 
mist  hides  them — Trophy  marriage  tests — Impostors  bring  sham 
silver  and  gold  apples,  and  tear  their  coat-tails.  Hero  throws 
trophy  apples  to  princess,  who  fits  into  his  coat  the  piece  of  cloth 
she  had  torn  from  it — ^Recognition — Happy  nmrriage— Hero 
digs  up  bull,  cuts  off  its  head,  washes  it  in  water,  blood,  and 
milk,  lays  it  at  tail ;  whereupon  prince  springs  forth,  brother  to 
princess.     He  had  been  transformed  by  stepmother. 


333    Louis  Leger,  Contes  populaires  Slaves.    Paris,  1882.    Pp.  203-10. 

No.  XXV. 

"Les  Deux  Freres." 

Peasant's  younger  son  called  Cendrillot,  because  stupid. 
Elder  son,  journeyman  cobbler,  refuses  cake  to  ants ;  will  not 
replace  fish  in  water,  or  settle  dispute  of  fighting  devils.  Returns 
home  having  accomplished  nothing — Hero  sets  out  with  healing 
water  and  a  loaf,  feeds  the  ants,  throws  fish  back  into  water,  and 
separates  fighting  devils.  Reaches  town  where  princess  is  dying. 
Whosoever  can  cure  may  wed  her.  Hero  cures  princess  with 
healing  water;  but  must  perform  Tasks  to  win  her.  Grateful 
beasts :  ants  separate  poppy-seeds  from  ashes,  fish  fetches  pearl, 
devils  pick  rose  from  Lucifer's  garden — Happy  marriage. 


334    Prof.  Moltke  Moe's  Unpublished  Collection.     (From  Bo  and 

Hitterdal.) 

"GuTTEN  OG  Stuten"  (The  Boy  and  the  Ox). 

Hero,  in  giant's  service,   must  clean  stable  of  ox — [Helpful 
animal] — Giant  killed — Hero  flight  on  ox  through  brass,  tin,  and 


E. — HERO   TALES.  443 

silver  forests.  Hero  plucks  leaves,  causing  three  giants  to  appear. 
Ox  kills  two  giants,  is  wounded  by  the  third ;  bids  boy  not  name 
him  ;  but  boy  does  so,  whereupon  ox  loses  all  power,  and  is  slain 
together  with  hero  by  third  giant. 


Roumanian  Fairy-tales  and  Legends,     London,  1881.     Pp.  1-20.    335 

"The  Slippers  of  the  Twelve  Princesses." 

Menial  hero  (cow-herd)— Fairy  aid  in  dream — Menial  hero 
(gardener  to  emperor) — Princess  as  prize  to  anyone  who  discovers 
how  twelve  princesses  wear  out  shoes — Laurel  branches  from 
fairy,  planted  by  hero,  become  wishing-trees — Hero,  rendered  in- 
visible, accompanies  twelve  princesses  to  their  revels — Magic 
clothes  from  laurels — Happy  marriage. 


P.  M.  SoEGAARD,  I Fjeidbygdeme,    Christiania,  1868.    Pp.  13-17.    336 

"  Vesle  brune  Okse"  (Little  Brown  Ox). 

Menial  hero  (shepherd) — Mistress  starves  hero — Helpful  ani- 
mal (ox) — Ear  cornucopia — Spy  on  hero — Slaying  of  helpful 
animal 'proposed.  Hero  strikes  mistress  instead  of  ox — Hero 
flight  on  ox — Princess  on  mountain  will  give  tin  twig  to  man 
whom  she  does  not  like,  silver  and  gold  twigs  to  one  she  loves. 
Hero  alone  can  ride  up  mountain  ;  receives  gold  twig — Happy 
marriage. 

GuiLLAUME  Spitta-Bey,  Contes  arabes  modernes,     Leide,  Paris,    337 

1883.     Pp.  152-61.     No.  XII. 

"Histoire  du  Prince  et  de  son  Cheval." 

Simultaneous  birth  of  hero  and  foal,  and  death  of  mother  and 
mare  ;  the  foal  to  belong  to  hero.  Sultan,  hero's  father,  marries 
again;  boy  pets  foal.  Ill-treated  hero.  Stepmother  conspires 
with  Jew-lover  to  poison  him — ^Helpful  animal — Counselled  by 
foal,  hero  throws  food  to  cat,  which  dies — Stepmother  feigns  ill- 
ness ;  Jew,  as  doctor,  orders  heart  of  foal  as  cure — Hero  flight 
on  helpful  animal — Hero  disguise  (beggar's  rags) — Menial  hero 
(drives  ox  which  turns  water-wheel  in  king's  garden) — Hero  sum- 


444  CINDFREU-A    VARIANTS. 

mons  horse  by  setting  light  to  one  of  horee's  hairs  ;  dotjs 
clothes,  and  gallops  round  garden.  King's  youngest  daughti 
sees,  and  falls  in  love  with  him.  Hero  returns  to  water-wheeli 
Gardener  would  thrash  him,  because  of  havoc  done ;  princess 
forbids  punishment — Princesses  to  choose  husband: 
pass  beneath  their  castle.  Youngest  princess  will  not  make 
choice  till  man  from  water-wheel  is  called.  She  throws  her  ker-j 
chief  to  him.  Wedding  of  six  sisters  celebrated.  King  an| 
with  youngest  ;  shuts  her  up  with  husband  ;  falls  ill ;  only  mill 
of  virgin  bear  in  skin  of  virgin  bear  will  cure  him. 
law  sent  in  quest  of  it ;  hero  procures  it  with  aid  of  niagic  horse, 
brands  the  six  sons-in-law,  and  gives  them  milk  of  old  bear. 
Doctors  say  this  is  useless.  Hero's  bride  takes  milk  which  cures 
king — War  breaks  out  ;  hero  on  magic  horse  slays  the  enemy. 
King  puts  ring  on  finger  or  unknown  champion,  and  binds  his 
wound  with  royal  kerchief — Hero's  bride  shows  ring  and  kerchief 
to  king— Recognition — Happy  marriage — Villain  Nemesis — Je' 
and  stepmother  burned. 


ake 


338    ?iT\Y.Vi,  Ungarisdie  Sagen  and  Mdrchen.    Berlin,  1850.    Pp.  91 -9 5 J 
No.  XIV.     (From  Pesth.) 

"ASCHENBRODEL." 

Peasants'  two  elder  sons,  sent  to  mind  vines,  refuse  cake  to 
load,  and  fall  asleep.  Vines  are  trampled  down.  Despised 
youngest  son,  called  Aschenbriidel,  asks  to  guard  vines :  gives  ^ 
cake  10  Helpful  animal  (toad),  and  receives  copper,  silver,  golA 
switches  with  which  to  tame  the  copper,  silver,  gold  horses  thaf 
trample  vines — Princess  as  prize  to  anyone  who  can  reach  (lu 
rosemary  on  lop  of  fir-pole,  (i)  gold  apple  on  higher  pole,  (jjl 
silk  kerehief  on  highest  pole— Hagic  armour,  copper,  silverjl 
golden — Hero  performs  feats  on  copper,  silver,  gold  horses- 
1-encc,  stable,  and  roof  pulled  down,  because  hero  tells  brother 
he  saw  stranger  knight  thence — Trophy  marriage  tests— Happy 
msniaga. 


E. — HERO  TALES.  445 

Geo.  McCall  Theal,  Kaffir  Folk-lore,     2nd  edition.     London,    339 

1886.     Pp.  169-71. 

"Story  of  the  Wonderful  Horns." 

Ill-treated  hero  (by  father's  wives)— Hero  flight  on  ox— Ox 
fights  and  overcomes  bull — Ear  cornucopia — Ox  killed  by  dun 
cattle.  Hero  breaks  off  horns  as  food-supply — Enters  house 
in  village  and  gives  owner  food  from  horns.  Owner  of  house 
steals  magic  horns,  substituting  others.  Hero  starts  off  next 
morning;  discovers  trick,  and  returns  to  recover  magic  horns, 
which  will  not  serve  thief — Hero  turned  away  from  another 
house,  because  ragged — Magic  clothes  from  horns — Hero  stays 
in  house,  where  is  beautiful  daughter;  horns  provide  for  house- 
hold— ^Happy  marriage — Hero  and  bride  visit  father — Magic 
residence  from  horns. 


Dr.  M.  Toeppen,  Abtrglauben  aus  Masuren^  mit  einem  Anhange    340 
enthaltend  :  Masurische  Sagen  und  Mdhrchen,     Danzig,  1867. 
Pp.  148-50.     (From  Little  Jerut.) 

"Der  Ritt  in  das  vierte  Stockwerk." 

Dying  father  bids  three  sons  watch  in  turn  on  his  grave — Elder 
brothers  make  despised  hero  watch  in  their  stead — Dead  father 
help  at  grave — Hero  receives  three  switches,  a  ball  of  thread, 
and  directions  from  dead  father — Princess  as  prize  to  anyone  who 
can  twice  ride  to  fourth  storey  of  castle — Brothers  go  to  contest, 
leaving  hero  to  mind  pigs  and  heat  oven — Magic  attire  and  gold 
horse  from  oak-tree,  when  struck  with  switches — Hero  twice 
reaches  fourth  storey,  receiving  kerchief  and  ring  from  princess ; 
is  shot  in  the  foot  on  way  home — Search  for  lame  man  ;  ragged 
hero  taken  to  princess.  Hero  fetches  magic  dress  and  steed ; 
displays  trophies — ^Happy  marriage. 


44^  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 


341    ZiNGERLE,    Ignaz   und   Josef,   Kinder-  und  Haustndrchen  aus 

Siiddeutschland,     Regensburg,  1854.     Pp.  395-403. 

**  Der  Aschentagger." 

Dying  father  bids  three  sons  watch  in  turn  on  his  grave — Elder 
brothers  bribe  despised  hero  to  watch  in  their  stead — ^Dead  father 
help  at  grave — Hero  receives  bridle,  thong,  and  Spanish  staff — 
Princess  as  prize  to  anyone  who  can  ride  up  face  of  rock — 
Brothers  go  to  contest,  leaving  hero  to  mind  house — Magic 
armour  and  steed  from  treasure-trees — Hero  twice  reaches  rock 
summit ;  princess  tries  to  kiss  him ;  he  escapes  her — Guards 
stationed  to  intercept  hero ;  he  belabours  them  with  thong  and 
escapes,  but  is  wounded  in  foot  King's  handkerchief  used  for 
bandage — Search  for  wounded  man ;  messengers  find  king's 
handkerchief  on  hero,  who  is  taken  to  princess — He  must  prove 
his  valour  by  slaying  serpent  that  devours  the  flocks;  kills  serpent 
with  Spanish  staff.  Princess  still  dissatisfied.  Hero  fetches 
magic  armour  and  steed— Recognition — Happy  marriage. 


TABULATIONS. 


P.  Chr.  Asbjornsen  og  Jorgen  Moe,  Norske  Folkeeventyr,     2nd    319 
edition.     Christiania,   1852.     P.   415.     (From   Sell,   in   Gud- 
brandsdal.) 

"  KaRI  TRiESTAK." 

(i)  A  little  girl  and  boy  are  taken  underground  by  a  troll  to  be  chambermaid 
and  herd.  Troll  keeps  the  boy  short  of  food ;  but  amongst  the  cattle  is  a 
**  wise"  ox  that  tells  the  boy  just  to  take  the  pipe  out  of  its  left  ear,  and  instantly 
there  will  appear  a  table-cloth  covered  with  all  manner  of  dishes. — (2)  Troll 
wonders  that  boy  should  look  so  well-nourished,  and  sends  the  girl  to  discover 
the  reason.  But  she  b  lulled  to  sleep  by  an  underground  fairy  {huldre).  Troll 
puts  in  her  neck  a  couple  of  magpie  eyes  that  will  never  sleep,  and  then, 
learning  how  matters  stand,  wants  to  kill  boy  and  ox. — (3)  But  the  ox,  being 
"wise",  tells  boy  they  must  flee.  They  travel  through  a  brass  wood,  a  silver 
wood,  a  gold  wood.  Boy  is  careful  to  obey  ox*s  warning  to  touch  nothing. — 
(4)  At  length  they  reach  a  great  mountain,  at  whose  summit  sits  a  princess. 
Anyone  riding  up  the  steep  sides  may  have  her.  Boy  rides  op  to  her  on  his 
little  brown  ox. — (5)  But  king  will  not  give  her  up  till  boy  has  thrice  fotmd 
her  out.  First  she  is  concealed  in  one  of  the  ears  of  the  wise  ox ;  then  in  a 
pin  amongst  several ;  lastly,  in  one  of  many  loaves. — (6)  By  the  help  of  the 
ox  he  succeeds  each  time  in  finding  her,  and  at  length  he  marries  her. 


Ibid,y  p.  418.     (From  Hardanger,  Norway.)  320 

"  KaRI  TRiESTAK." 

(i)  Widower  with  one  son  marries  widow  with  one  daughter.  Hero  is 
ill-treated  by  stepmother  and  stepsister,  sent  in  all  weathers  to  herd  cattle, 
and  allowed  no  food  1>ut  a  few  grains  of  barley  in  his  box. — (2)  Among  the 
sheep  is  a  big  grey  ewe  with  a  large  teat  which  hero  sucks,  and  so  looks  well- 
nourished. — (3)  Stepmother  thrice  sends  daughter  to  spy.  On  the  first  and 
second  occasions  hero  puts  her  to  sleep  by  lousing  her. — (4)  The  third  day 
stepmother  puts  a  magpie's  eye  down  her  neck.  In  the  evening,  when  asked 
by  what  means  the  boy  lives,  stepsister  answers,  "I  saw  nothing  I"  But 
magpie-eye  says,  "  i  saw  the  whole  thing.  He  sucks  the  grey  sheep." — (5) 
The  sheep  is  at  once  slain,  yet  hero  keeps  healthy.— (6)  There  is  further 
attempt  to  discover  the  secret,  and  on  the  third  day  the  magpie-eye  again 
reveals  it :  "  He  sucks  the  ear  of  the  brown  ox." — (7)  Ox  is  to  be  killed  ;  step- 


448  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 

mother  a  to  hold  it  whilst  hero  strikes.  H«  muftges  to  strike  stepnotlier' 
instead,  end  is  driven  awajr  by  angry  filhcr,  though  allowed  lo  keep  ihe  brown 
□x,~(8)  There"  "I'  into  the  world  together  ;  cotne  to  a  bruis  wood  ;  bm« 
ladle  and  biasa  slirring-rods  {/vartr')  hnng  from  all  the  branches  ;  he  is  for- 
bidden to  touch,  but  cannot  rai<il ;  takes  a  lai^te  and  a  stirring-rod.  A  Iwo- 
hcnded  giant  appears  :  "'  Who  touches  my  wood  ?"  He  is  killed  by  the  ox. — 
(9)  They  come  to  a  silver  wood  ;  satne  ihing  happens  ;  ox  kilts  four-headed 
giant — (10)  They  come  lo  a  gold  wood  ;  the  hero  lakes  a  gold  ladle  and 
stitring-rod.  "  'Tia  ill  done",  says  the  oi,  "but  beware  not  to  pronounce  my 
name."  Six-headed  giant  lights  the  01 ;  ok  falls  on  his  knees.  "  Counge, 
my  brown  ox!"  tayi  hero.  At  that  the  ok  i.s  almost  vanquished,  but  collects 
himself  for  a  last  effort,  and  kills  the  giant.— (it)  Th'y  travel  on  and  reach  a 
king's  cBSlle.  Ok  bids  heio  chop  oif  his  head  1  he  at  length  does  so,  and  ok  is 
transformed  into  a  prince.  They  go  together  10  castle  where  ■  wedding  ii 
being  celebrated. — {11)  Hero  and  prince  are  set  lodieis  the  dinner  in  kitchen. 
I  lero  stirs  the  pots  attd  pans  ivith  his  brass  ladle  and  ti-arf,  and  all  the  dishes 
get  a  brass  lustre  King  and  gncats  marvel  ihereai.  Afierwards  hero  uses  Ihe 
silver,  and  then  the  golden  ladles  and /iMro-,  with  corresponding  results.  When 
king  sees  hero's  ladles  and  IvBi-er  he  woald  prefer  him  a«  a  son-in-law  if  he  has 
other  riches. — (13)  Hero  asks  kingto  accompany  him,  and  shows  him  Rrst  the 
brass  wood,  then  the  silver,  lastly  ihe  gold  wood.  So  hero  weds  the  princess, 
and  the  brown  ox  that  became  a  prince  is  next  to  hioi  m  the  kingdom. 


AthaNAs'ev,  /Russian  Folk-tales.     Moscow,  1861.     J'art  v. 
Nt).  XXXVIII, 

(i)  Gentleman  has  three  sons  :  the  youngest  is  a  stupid.  He  sends  eldest 
S'<n  10  watch  in  field  ol  wheat,  for  every  night  one  msrga  of  wheat  is  ealen. 
Eldest  son  falls  asleep,  and  next  morning  a  morga  of  wheat  has  gone.  Same 
thing  happens  next  night,  when  second  son  is  sent  lo  watch.  Youngest  son 
takes  care  lo  sleep  by  day,  and  slays  awake  on  third  night  when  sent  10  field. 
A  bird  comes  ;  he  catches  it  and  puts  it  in  a  bag,  then  goes  lo  steep. — (x)  Next 
morning  elder  brothers  tind  him  sleeping,  nevertheless  none  of  the  wheat  has 
been  destroyed.  They  make  him  explain  how  this  is  ;  heshows  the  bird,  and 
they  take  it  from  him  and  give  it  to  father,  saying  thai  they  caught  it,  and  that 
youngest  brother  is  a  sleepy- hwid.— (3)  Kjther  sells  bird  to  king,  who  locks  it 
in  cell  and  gives  key  to  wife.  Prince  goes  to  door  of  cdl,  and  bird  asks  him 
10  set  it  free,  bidding  him  steal  key  'rom  mother's  neck  whilst  embracing  her.* 
Prince  does  so,  and  liberates  bird,  who  is  reaily  a  little  brass-man,  the  guardiftll 
of  buried  treasure.  He  fells  prince  to  summon  him  when  needing  help. — (4) 
Next  day  people  come  at  king's  bidding  10  see  wonderful  bird  ;  but  cellar  b 


1 


'  A  tvari  is  a  rod  some  I3 
branching  twigs  at  the  end, 


n  length,  made  from  a  lir-lwig,  with  three 
nmonly  used  in  Norway  for  stirring  food 


I 


ATHANAS'EV. — DRAGOMANOV.  449 

empty.  Oaeen  asserts  her  innocence,  bnt  is  condemned  to  death.  She 
remembers  that  prince  may  have  stolen  key.  Visitors  say  he  should  be  hanged, 
others  that  he  should  be  drowned. — (5)  Eventually  he  is  sewn  up  in  a  pig-skin 
and  turned  out  into  the  world.  Mother  gives  him  gold  and  silver.  He 
summons  brass-man,  who  bids  him  go  beyond  the  sea  and  get  hired  as  cook 
to  a  certain  kini;.  A  war  will  break  out,  and  he  must  ask  leave  to  go  and 
watch  the  battle,  and,  when  outside  the  gates,  call  the  brass-man.  Hero  serves 
two  years  as  cook's  assistant  at  palace ;  then  war  breaks  out. — (6)  He  bribes 
cook  and  gets  leave.  Brass-man  equips  him,  gives  him  horse,  a  magic  sword 
which  will  slay  all  the  enemy,  and  a  silver  apple.  The  king  will  afterwards 
invite  him  to  palace  ;  he  must  decline  to  go.  All  happens  as  foretold.  Hero 
dons  pig-skin  and  plays  with  silver  apple,  which  princess,  seeing,  longs  to 
possess. — (7)  Next  year  another  war  breaks  out  All  happens  as  before.  Hero 
gets  a  gold  apple,  which  he  afterwards  gives  princess, — (8)  The  third  year,  a 
third  war ;  hero  gets  apple  like  the  sun.  He  is  wounded ;  king  binds  up  his 
arm  with  his  own  handkerchief,  giving  unknown  hero  his  ring  as  reward. — 
(9)  Hero  dons  pig-skin  and  describes  battle  to  other  servants  in  kitchen,  and 
tells  of  the  strange  knight  who  defeated  the  enemy,  was  wounded  and  received 
king's  ring,  etc.  He  gives  also  the  third  apple  to  princess. — (10)  Eventually 
he  makes  himself  known  to  her  and  marries  her. 


M.  Dragomanov,  Malorusskiya  narodnuiya  predaniya  i  razskazy.    322 
(Legends  and  Popular  Tales  of  Little  Russia).     Kiev,  1876. 
Pp.  262-67. 

"  Korsbury-popeljuh"  (Dirty  Cinder-boy).^ 

(i)  A  king  has  three  sons,  two  clever,  and  the  youngest  stupid.     He  is 
alwajTs  in  the  cinders,  and  spends  his  time  in  amusing  himself. — (2)  Bnt  when 
the  sea-horses  [miraculous  horses  that  come  forth  every  night  from  the  sea] 
spoil  the  king's  fields,  Popeljuh  catches  three  of  them,  and  keeps  them  in  his 
stable  without  saymg  a  word  to  anyone. — (3)  Another  king  from  bejrond  the 
Red  Sea  proclaims  that  whosoever,  on  horseback,  can  jump  as  high  as  the 
second  storey  of  the  castle  shall  wed  hb  extremely  beautiful  daughter.    Popel- 
juh leaps  up  to  the  second  storey,  and  gives  a  ring  and  a  handkerchief  to  the 
princess,  kisses  her,  and  escapes  back  home,  where  he  sits  in  the  ashes  and 
pretends  to  know  nothing. — (4)  After  a  year  the  king  announces  his  daugh* 
ter's  wedding.    Popeljuh  gives  a  horse  to  each  of  his  brothers,  mounts  the 
third  himself,  and  rides  to  the  wedding. — (5)  He  is  married  to  the  princess, 
but  again  escapes. — (6)  Three  kings  declare  war  against  his  father-in-law. 
Popeljuh  gains  a  victory,  and  is  reunited  to  his  wife. 


^  See  note  71. 


45°  CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 


323    Gypsy-lore  Society^  fournal  of  the,  vol.  iii,  pp.  208-10.     ("  Tales 

in  a  Tent",  by  John  Sampson.) 

"De  little  Bull-calf." 

(i)  Little  boy  pets  little  bull-calf  which  father  gives  him.    Father  dies, 
mother  marries  again,  and  stepfather  ill-treats  little  boy,  threatening  to  kill 
bull-calf.    When  little  boy  is  feeding  it  with  barley  bread  an  old  man  appears 
and  advises  him  to  go  away  with  his  bull-calf  to  seek  his  fortune. — (2)  He 
sets  out,  goes  a  long,  long  way,  and  reaches  farmhouse,  where  he  begs  a  crust 
of  bread,  half  of  which  he  gives  to  calf.     He  comes  to  another  house,  begs 
a  bit  of  cheese- rind,  and  offers  half  of  it  to  calf.     "  No  !"  says  little  boll-calf. 
''I'm  going  across  this  field  into  the  wild  wilderness,  where  are  tigers, 
leopards,  wolves,  monkeys,  and  a  fiery  dragon.     I   shall  kill  every  one, 
except  the  fiery  dragon,  and  he'll  kill  me."    Little  boy  cries  at  this.    Bull- 
calf  tells  him  to  get  into  tree,  where  none  can  come  nigh  him  but  the  monkeys, 
and  the  cheese-rind  will  save  him  from  them.     Then,  when  bull-calf  is  killed, 
the  dragon  will  go  away  for  a  space.     The  boy  must  meanwhile  get  down, 
skin  the  calf,  take  its  biggest  gut,  blow  it  out,  and  it  will  kill  everything  he 
hits  with  it.     When  fiery  dragon  returns  he  roust  kill  it  and  cut  out  its  tongue. 
Little  boy  does  as  bidden. — (3)  When  monkeys  climb  up  tree  to  him  he  takes 
the  cheese  and  says,  '*  I'll  squeeze  your  heart  like  this  flint  stone.*'    And  the 
monkey  prudently  retires.      Little  boy  watches  the  fighting,   cheering  the 
little  bull-calf,  till  it  is  killed  by  the  dragon. — (4)  Little  boy  goes  on,  and 
sees  a  king's  daughter  staked  down  by  the  hair  of  her  head  for  the  fiery  dragon 
to  destroy  her  ;  he  sits  by  her  talking,  and  will  not  be  induced  to  go  away 
ere  the  dragon  come,  but  says  he  will  overcome  it.     The  dragon  draws  near 
with  terrible  roar ;  little  boy  hits  it  about  the  face  with  bull's  gut  till  it  dies. 
But  dragon  has  bitten  off  his  front  finger.     He  cuts  out  dragon's  tongue,* 
then  takes  leave  of  king's  daughter. — (5)  She  is  sad  at  parting  from  him,  and 
ties  a  diamond  ring  into  his  hair.     Presently  king  comes  by,  expecting  to  find 
no  trace  of  his  daughter  but  the  prints  of  the  place  where  she  was.     He  is 
much  surprised,  learns  who  has  saved  her,  unties  her,  and  takes  her  home  to 
palace. — (6)  King  announces  **  in  all  the  papers"  that  the  man  who  has  saved 
his  daughter  shall  have  her  to  wife,  and  shall  succeed  to  his  kingdom  and 
estates.     Then  gentlemen  come  from  all  parts  of  England  with  their  front 
fingers  cut  off,   and  with  tongues  of  every  description.     For  they  go  about 
shooting  wild  beasts  on  purpose,  but  never  can  find  a  dragon  to  shoot.     And 
little  boy  comes  up  very  disconsolately  once  or  twice,  and  the  princess  notices 
him.     But  king  is  angry,  and  turns  him  out.     Princess  feels  sure  she  knows 
that  boy.     Kings'  sons  continue  to  present  themselves,  and  after  a  time  the 
boy  comes  up  again,  dressed  a  little  better.     King  says  to  daughter,  "  I  see 
you  have  an  eye  on  that  boy,  and  if  it  is  to  be  him,  it  has  to  be  him."    All  the 

*  See  note  72. 


GYPSY-LORE  JOURNAL. — HALTRICH. — K0L6ERG.  45 1 

Other  suitors  are  ready  to  kill  him  and  wish  him  turned  out ;  but  king  says, 
let  him  show  his  claim. — (7)  Then  boy  shows  the  diamond  ring  with  prin- 
cess's name  in  it,  and  the  fiery  dragon's  tongue  ;  and  he  is  married  to  the 
king's  daughter,  and  has  all  his  estate.  Stepfather  now  comes  and  wants  to 
own  him,  but  the  young  king  doesn't  know  such  a  man. 


Josef  Haltrich,  Deutsche  Volksmdrchen^  aus  dem  Sachsenlande    324 
in  Siebenbiirgen.     Wien,  1882.     Pp.  96-100.     No.  XXIV. 

"Das  Rosenmadchen." 

(i)  Hero  s*eks  rose-girl,  whose  castle  is  guarded  by  a  dragon.  Bees  con- 
duct him  to  her  castle,  where  he  hires  himself  as  gooseherd. — (2)  He  learns 
that  she  goes  every  night  to  a  ball,  and,  by  means  of  magic  wishing-bell 
which  his  mother  gave  him,  he  gets  a  copper  horse  and  mantle,  a  silver 
horse  and  mantle,  lastly,  a  gold  horse  and  mantle  ;  goes  three  nights  to  the 
ball,  and  dances  with  the  rose-girl. — (3)  She  falls  in  love  with  him,  and  her 
mother  counsels  her  to  put  some  pitch  in  his  hair  that  she  m^y  know  him 
elsewhere. — (4)  In  this  way  he  is  recognised  next  day  when  they  see  him  as 

gooseherd,  and  he  helps  them  to  escape  from  the  dragon (The  story 

does  not  end  here.) 


Ibid,,  pp.  195-96.     No.  XLVII.  325 

**DeR   AsCHENPUTTEL  WIRD   KONIG." 

(i)  Peasant  has  three  sons  :  the  youngest  is  abused  and  mocked  by  elder 
brothers,  and,  because  he  is  always  sitting  in  the  ashes,  they  call  him  Aschen- 
puttel. — (2)  The  king  dies,  and,  according  to  custom,  all  the  people  are  to 
assemble  in  the  royal  meadow  for  the  Lord  to  set  the  crown  on  the  head  of 
whomsoever  he  will.  Hero  wants  to  go  with  elder  brothers,  but  they  deride 
him,  and  bid  him  bide  at  home. — (3)  He  steals  out  after  them,  and  reaches 
the  meadow,  but,  afraid  of  being  recognised  by  his  brothers,  he  hides  in  a 
pig-sty.  The  crown  is  laid  on  the  hill  and  the  bells  are  rung. — (4)  The 
crown  is  raised  aloft  in  the  air,  hovers  over  the  heads  of  all,  then  settles 
on  the  pig-s^y.  There  they  find  Aschenputtel,  and  all  bow  the  knee  to  the 
new  king. 


O.  Kolberg,  Lud,    Krakmvskie,     (The  people;  province  of       326 

Cracow.)     Vol.  iv,  pp.  1-3. 

"  Les  trois  Freres  Chevaliers." 

( I )  Dying  father  bequeathes  three  magic  whips  to  his  youngest  son*  who  is 
stupid,  and  generally  lying  by  the  stove,  whence  he  is  called  Piecnch  (from 
/irr=oven). — (2)  By  means  of  magic  whips  he  is  thrice  victorioos  at  the  con- 
tests for  the  hand  of  the  king's  daughter. 

GG  2 


327  I^i'i-'  PP-  3-S' 

[A  similar  slory.]  (i)  The  hero  is  "  black  as  a  sweep,  t 
Klove". — (2)  lie  succeeds  in  scaling  a  glass  mounlain,  and  1 
daughter. 


t      O.  KoLBEBG,  Lud.     Snndomierskie.    (The  people  ;   provir 
Sandomierz.)     Warsaw,  1865.     Pp.  374-76. 

(!)  Dying  hthcr  bids  his  three  soni  (two  clever  uid  the  youogctt  stnpid)] 
watch  hj  turns  for  three  nights  on  bis  tomb. ^(2)  The  two  elder  send  the 
youngest  each  night,  and  dead  father  gives  him  three  taiistaons,  an  (P)  xmrj 
apple  [une pomou  d'fllpkanl),  a  snufT-box,  and  a  trumpet,  and  hides  them  (or 
him. — (3)  King  announces  that  whosoever  can  ride  mid-air  round  his  castle 
shall  wed  his  danghter.~^4)  Youngest  son,  who  is  usually  asleep  behind  (he 
stove,  dresses  himself  magnificently,  gets  a  miraculous  horse  bf  means  of  his 
talismarts,  and  accomplishes  the  task.  Then  he  hides  behind  the 
(5)  Long  search  is  made  for  the  champion,  who  is  at  lost  discovered. — (6)  He 
weds  the  princess. 


O.  KoLEERG,  Lud.     Kttjitwy.    (Proriiice  of  Kujawy.)     j  vols. 

Warsaw,  1867.     Vol.  i,  pp.  127-21). 

"The  Glass  Mountain." 


(1)  King  puts  his  daughter  in  a  glass  mountain,  and  announces  thai  whosO' 
ever  can  teach  her  shall  many  her. — (3)  In  the  forcil  there  lives  a  man,  called 
"King  of  the  Mice"  [or,  in  other  ver^ons,  "Cloak  of  Mice"] ;  he  has  often 
gained  the  mountain,  and  eluded  the  soldiers. — {3)  At  Ihe  same  time  there  U 
a  peasant  who  has  two  sons  ;  the  ^unger,  who  is  supposed  to  be  stupid,  goes 
into  the  forest,  slays  the  king  of  the  mice,  dons  his  garb,  and  thrice 
in  reaching  Ihe  princess.— (4)  The  king  gives  her  to  him  in  marriage. — (S)  A 
war  btealts  out.  The  king's  son-in-!aw  completely  vanquishes  the  enemy, 
and  becomes  king  himself. 

330    0.  KoLBERG,   Lud.     Lubehkie.     (Province  of  Lublin.)      Vol.   ii, 
pp.  180-83.     (Taken  down  near  I.uMin.) 

"The  old  Man  with  the  Be.\kd." 
(1)  A  noUeman,  when  out  hunling,  catches  a  monster,  one  ell  in  height, 
and  with  a  l)eard  one  ell  long.  He  shutt  it  up  so  as  to  show  it  to  his  ne^h- 
bours. — (l)  Hit  young  son,  taking  pity  on  the  prisoner,  lets  him  escape.— 
(j)  Father  orders  servant  to  slay  his  son  ;  but  servant  lets  him  ron  away,  and 
kills  a  dog  instead.— (4)  Young  man  takes  service  as  wuUion  to  a  noblenun, 
who  has  four  daughters.     He  receives  gorgeous  clothes   ftvm  the  gralefiil 


I 
I 


IMi 


i 


KOLBERG. — KRAUSS. — KRISTENSEN.  453 

dwarf;  all  the  daughters  fall  in  love  with  him. — (5)  The  youngest  marries  him ; 
hb  father  is  invited  to  the  wedding. — (6)  Hero  makes  known  the  truth,  and 
his  father  kills  himself  in  despair. 


Friedrich  S.  Krauss,  Sagen  und  Mdrchen  der  Siidsiaven,         331 
Leipzig,  1883-84.     Vol.  ii,  p.  346.     No.  139. 

"Held  Hirte  und  das  scheckige  Kuhlein." 

( I )  An  old  man's  son  cannot  get  food  enough  at  home,  and,  because  he 
complains  about  it,  his  fiither  turns  him  out.  He  takes  situation  as  cowherd  at 
an  inn.  The  first  day  at  dinner-time,  when  the  other  herds  begin  to  eat,  hero 
sits  empty-handed,  and  begins  to  cry. — (3)  A  spotted  cow  walks  up  to  him, 
and  asks  why  he  cries,  and  hearing  it  is  because  he  has  no  dinner,  says, 
'  *  Screw  my  right  horn  off,  and  you  will  therein  find  a  cloth ;  spread  it,  and 
you  will  get  food  in  plenty."  Boy  does  so,  eats,  then  returns  cloth  to  horn, 
which  he  screws  on  again.  He  cannot  eat  his  supper  at  home  that  evening, 
and  next  morning  only  gets  half  his  allowance  of  food.  Next  day  he  gets  his 
dinner  from  magic  cloth,  as  before,  and  in  the  evening  can  only  eat  half  of  his 
half-share  of  supper.  Next  day  he  only  eats  a  quarter  of  his  usual  portion,  so  a 
spy  is  sent  to  get  at  the  secret.  Spotted  cow  warns  boy,  and  gets  all  the 
other  cows  to  stand  round.  For  all  that  the  spy  sees  everything,  and  returns 
to  tell  innkeeper. — (3)  Spotted  cow  won't  go  home  that  evening,  but  stajrs  in 
the  field  all  that  night  and  the  next.  Cow  tells  hero  that  she  is  to  be  shot ; 
be  must  run  home,  get  all  his  clothes,  and  escape  with  her.  Boy  does  so, 
then  gets  on  cow's  back.  Immediately  she  spreads  out  wings,  and  they  go 
apace. — (4)  They  enter  a  wood  where  the  cow's  enemy,  a  huge  dragon,  dwells 
in  a  hollow  tree.  Hero  collects  some  dry  grass,  and  stops  up  the  opening 
above  and  beneath.  He  sets  fire  to  the  grass,  and  the  dragon  perishes. — 
(5)  They  now  journey  on  to  a  large  hill,  the  cow's  home,  where  they  live 
many  years,  till  hero  grows  as  strong  as  an  animaL  He  must  then  try  to 
pull  up  a  tree,  roots  and  all.  He  cannot,  so  must  stay  seven  years  more. 
[Here  the  tale  passes  into  a  variant  of  Grimm's  Na  71,  "  How  Six  Men  got 
on  in  the  World,"  and  of  "  Shepherd  Paul"  in  Jones  and  Kropf's  Magyar 
Ta/es.] 


E.   T.  Kristensen,  Danskc  Folktaventyr^  opt.  af  Folkeminde-    3328 
samfundets  Medlemmer  (1888).     P.  174.     No.  XXVI.     (Nar- 
rated by  Ane  Nielsen  [a  farmer's  daughter,  still  living] ;  from 
Lisbjjerg  Terp,  Jutland.) 

"  Tyren  og  Prinsessen  pA  Glasbj/erget*'  (The  Bull  and  the 

Princess  on  the  Glass  Mountain). 

(i)  Widower  with  one  son  marries  widow  with  one  son.    Stepmother  ill- 
treats  hero,  and  makes  him  herd  cattle,  among  which  is  an  enormous  bull,  a 


CINDERELLA    VARIANTS. 


It  lo  all.     Hero  gets  only  some  buml  ctusts  and  si 


le  milk  For  his  diiuter,  * 


)  BuUte 


r,  btrad,  m 


EStuage.  He  can  cat  nothing  on  his  reiurti  bome,  anii  will  not  cipUIn  vihj. — 
(3)  Next  day  ileptnother  sends  owa  son  to  spy  ;  he  repons  wlial  he  tecs, 
stepmolhet  orders  boy  and  bull  lo  be  burned, — (4)  Great  pile  of  woo 
kindled  ;  hero  mouuu  ok  ;  slepmothei  bidi  him  draw  the  pile  or  wood 
tcfusM ;  bull  initanlly  takes  stepmother  an  his  hoins  and  tosses  her  into 
^5)  Bull  rashes  otF  with  hero  on  his  back.  They  pau  a  foiesi  of  apple-lreo 
hero  is  fotbidden  to  touch,  but  cannot  help  wishing  he  had  fome  apples.  Tfac 
wifh  is  barely  uttered  when  forest  begins  to  itenitjie.  Bull  reproves  hero  for 
haviitg  taken  an  apple.  But  he  has  noL  "  Look  in  your  pocket  for  it! "  II 
is  no  DSC  throwing  it  away  ;  for  immediately  a  thtce-headed  trull  tushes  forth. 
Bull  tosses  him  up  into  the  lops  of  the  trees.  Troll  is  wUIitig  to  give  op  his 
apples,  but  bull  EEiiuires  the  hotse  he  has  at  liome.  Troll  refuses  it  and  is 
tuised  again.  They  get  the  hutse  and  leave  the  troll  alone. — (6)  They  come 
to  another  foiest  with  still  more  beautiful  apples.  Hero  wishes  as  before.  A 
sin-headed  Irolt  appears,  and  is  tossed  by  hull  till  he  gives  up  a  spade  and 
shovel, — (7]  They  come  to  a  third  forest.  Boy  again  wishes  fur  applra.  Nine- 
headed  troll  appears,  and  is  tossed  until  he  gives  up  a  bag  of  mist  thai  buigt 
behind  his  door. — (S)  Bull  carries  boy  to  loot  of  two  hills,  bids  him  dig  ■  holci 
put  bull  into  ir,  throw  some  eanh  over  him  after  having  laid  shovel  and  spadi 
on  him,  and  then  setk  employment  in  yonder  castle.  In  a  yeir  he  is  10  tetun 
to  dig  up  bull,  remembering  to  bring  with  him  a  bowl  of  water,  a  bowl  of 
blood,  and  a  bowl  of  milk. — (9)  Hero  is  employed  at  casile  as  Stable-boy  to 
help  the  groom. — (10)  Troll  is  going  to  fetch  princess.  She  has  been  brought 
up  on  a  glass  mountain,  where  she  keeps  a  silver  apple  Uid  a  gold  apple. 
Whoever  can  ride  up  glass  mountain  and  take  first  the  silver  apple,  the  second 
lime  the  gold  apple,  and  the  third  time  kiss  the  princess,  is  to  be  her  husband. 
Many  try  in  vain.  Hero  rides  in  black  on  a  black  steed,  in  yellow  on  a  yellow 
steed,  in  white  on  a  white  steed,  kisses  and  wins  hti. — -(ii)  At  I  he  foot  of  the 
mountain  the  other  competitors  try  to  surround  him  to  find  out  who  he  is ;  but 
he  has  brought  with  him  the  bag  of  misi,  poms  it  out,  and  passes  them  unseen. 
-^{tz)  King  arranges  a  feast.  Knights  assemble,  each  bringing  sham  gold 
and  silver  apples  which  they  have  had  made  by  gold-  and  silver- smiths.  Hero 
[idea  up  and  throws  silver  apple  10  princess.  Next  day  he  appears  on  yellow 
horse  and  thiows  the  gold  apple.  On  the  third  day  he  rides  the  white  horse. 
The  gates  are  closed  behind  him.  1  he  Mher  competitors  notice  that  there  is 
a  piece  gone  from  the  tail  of  his  coat  (for  the  piibcesi  bad  toia  it  off  the  daf 
he  kissed  hcrt.  Accordingly  they  all  lear  bits  from  ihcir  coals.— (13)  Hero 
apfirari  before  piinccsi,  and  liecnuse  ihc  piece  uf  clulh  tils  his  coat  she  lecog* 
Discs  him  as  her  dtliveict.  They  ate  lobe  mairitd. — (14)  Before  the  wedding 
hero  wants  to  go  for  a  drive,  and  tikes  wiih  him  water,  blood,  and  milk. 
I'rincess  accompanies  him,  but  is  not  allowed  10  follow  to  bull's  grave.  Hcio 
digs  down  till  he  teaches  the  spade  and  shovel,  when  the  woik  is  tinished  by 


M 


4 


oagic. 


rilhout  his  aid.     Bull 


in d  blood,  after  laying  it  at  my  tail,"    This 


"  Cut  oH  my  head  i  wash  it  in  water,  milki 


;.  immediately  a  handsoma  ■ 


inds  befoic  hero  and  tells  him  be  is  the  son  of  the  queen  of  the  osll^fl 


LEGER. — PROF.    MOE*S   MS.    COLLECTION.  455 

and  that  he  was  transformed  to  a  bull  by  his  stepmother,  who  is  now  dead, 
having  expired  at  the  moment  of  his  deliverance.  The  prince  dons  a  white 
suit  brought  by  the  white  horse  which  has  come  running  up  to  them.  They 
join  princess,  who  instantly  recognises  her  brother  ;  then  all  drive  home,  where 
they  hear  of  queen's  recent  sudden  death. — (15)  Hero  and  princess  are  married. 
The  retransformed  prince  marries  a  neighbouriog  princess. 


Louis  Leger,  Contes  populairts  Slaves.     Paris,  1882.     Pp.  203-    333 
10.     No.  XXV.     (A  Slovac  tale;  taken  from  Recueil  de  lift 
pop.  Slavague^  published  by  "la  Matica"  [Literary  Society]. 
Vienna,  1870.     Vol.  i.) 

"Les  deux  Freres." 

(i)  Poor  peasant  has  two  sons,  Jozka  and  Janko.  The  latter  works  in  the 
house,  and  being  stupid  and  clumsy,  is  called  Cendrillot. — (2)  Jozka  is  a 
journeyman  cobbler,  and  one  day,  when  setting  out,  his  mother  gives  him  some 
cakes,  and  his  father  his  blessing.  Ants  ask  for  some  of  the  cake,  which  he 
refuses  them.  A  fish  has  jumped  out  of  water,  and  he  refuses  to  replace  it  Some 
devils  are  disputing  and  fighting  at  the  cross-roads,  and  he  does  not  attempt  to 
separate  them.  When  he  has  eaten  his  cakes  he  returns  home  ;  Janko  re- 
proaches him  with  having  effected  nothing. — (3)  He  sets  out  himself;  father 
gives  him  water  which  will  heal  all  diseases  ;  mother  makes  him  a  loaf  for 
the  journey.  He  rests  where  his  brother  had  rested,  eats  some  bread,  and 
feeds  the  ants.  Arrived  at  river,  he  throws  carp  back  into  water.  He  separates 
the  fighting  devils.  ~ (4)  Reaches  a  town  where  everyone  is  mourning  ;  king's 
daughter  is  in  mortal  agony,  and  whoever  can  cure  her  shall  marry  her.  Janko 
asks  for  an  interview,  and  cures  her  with  magic  water. — (5)  Princess  does  not 
want  to  marry  him  ;  he  must  first  perform  tasks.  She  mixes  together  two 
bagfuls  of  poppy-seeds  and  two  of  ashes  ;  he  must  separate  them  by  next  day. 
Ants  perform  task. — (6)  Princess  will  not  marry  him.  He  must  procure  the 
most  precious  pearl  from  the  bottom  of  the  sea.     Fish   gets  it  for  him. — 

(7)  For  third  ta^k  he  must  bring  a  rose  from  hell.  Devils  pick  him  a  lovely 
rose  from  Lucifer's  garden.    Janko's  face  is  quite  black  from  the  hell- fire. — 

(8)  Princess  is  pleased  with  rose,  but  not  with  black  Janko  ;  yet  she  must 
keep  her  word  ;  so  dons  wedding  robes,  and  the  priceless  pearl  shines  from 
htr  crown.     She  marries  Janko. 


Prof.  Moltke  Moe's  Unpublished  Collection.     (From  Bo         334 

and  Hitterdal.) 

**GuTTEN  OG  Stuten"  (The  Boy  and  the  Ox). 

(I)  A  boy  who  is  in  giant's  service  is  set  to  clean  the  stable  of  an  ox« 
Finding  task  insurmountable,  he  drives  a  plug  into  the  ox.  V/hen  giant  comes 
to  sec  if  work  is  done,  the  plug  flies'out  with  great  force  and  hits  him  in  the 


Iiead,  smAshing  ittn  picce^i. — (i)  I 


Cslhe 


IX  »nd  rides  "  far  and  larther  ■■ 


than  far".  Thejr  come  lo  an  immense  wood  with  treesand  leaves  of  brasa.  Ox 
cautions  boy  not  to  touch  the  leaves,  or  to  speak,  orname  the  ox.  They  have 
almost  passed  the  wood,  when  bojr  plucks  a  brass  leaf.  "  Who  is  it  that 
passes  my  wood  ?"  says  the  giant,  who  is  so  furious  that  fire  sparkles  from  him. 
"That  you  will  soon  learn  !"  sap  the  ox,  as  he  rushes  at  him  and  kitb  bii 
The  same  thing  happens  when  they  pass  the  wood  with  trees  »nd  leaves  of 
tin ;  also  when  they  reach  the  silver  wood. — (3)  But  here,  whilst  fighting  tbc 
giant,  the  01  recdves  a  wound,  The  boy  sayi,  "  Blood  is  dripping  &om  you, 
ox  !"  Al  the  same  moment  the  ox  loses  all  his  power,  and  the  giant  kills 
and  the  boy  together. 

I  335  RoumatsMn  Fairy  Tales  and  Legends.  London,  i88r.  Pp.  i-io. 
"Thk  Slfi'Pers  of  the  Twelve  Princesses." 
(1)  A  dna,  or  feiry,  appears  thrice  in  a  dream  to  cowherd,  bids  bim  go  ic 
court  of  a  certain  emperor,  and  he  will  marry  a  princess. — (a)  He  is  engaged 
as  gudener  ;  must  every  day  give  bouquet  to  each  of  the  princesses.  Emperor 
proclaims  that  anyone  discovering  how  twelve  princesses  wear  out  their  shoes 
in  a  single  night'  shall  wed  any  one  of  them.— {3)  Fairy  appears  to  hero, 
gives  him  two  laurel  branchei,  gold  spade,  gold  watering-pot,  and  silk  veil. 
Me  plants  laurels  as  bidden,  says,  "  Beautiful  lauiell,  with  a  golden  spade  I 
have  dug  you,  with  golden  watering  pot  I  have  watered  you,  with  silken  yeil 
I  have  wiped  you",  and  gets  every  wish  fulfilled.— (4)  Becomes  invi^blc, 
hides  in  princesses'  loom,  follows  them  through  invisible  door  to  enchanted 
bowers  with  leaves  of  silver  and  gold  and  jewels ;  sees  them  row  on  lake  in 
twelve  boats  with  twelve  emperors'  sons,  to  whom  Ihey  have  given  enchanted 
beverage,  and  with  whom  they  aftenvards  danee  till  shoes  aie  in  holes. — (5) 
Hero  falls  in  love  with  one  of  the  princesses,  and  on  three  following  days 
gives  her  in  the  usual  bouquet  the  branch  of  silver  leaves,  gold  leaves,  and 
jewel  leaves  which  he  has  plucked  the  preceding  nighi.~{6)  Princenc*, 
finding  secret  discovered,  invite  gardener  to  their  revels,  meaning  to  give  bjm 
enchanted  beverage.  Hero  gets  magic  clothes  bora  laurels,  and  fourth  night  ■ 
aceompnnies  princesses,  having  emperor's  permissioo  to  hide  in  their  room,  1 
as  others  have  done,  lo  discover  their  secret. — (7)  Kventuolly  he  m 
favourite  princess. 


\ 


I  336    ^.\\..'a6^s.KhV.T\,lFjemygderne.    Christiania,  iSfiS.    Pp.  i, 

"Vesle  brune  Okse"  (Little  Brown  Ox). 

(i)  Foot  labourer,  who  hns  many  children,  sends  eldest  boy  out  into  Ihel 

worid.     He  becomes  a  shepherd. — [1)  His  mistress  is  au  avaricious,  wicked] 

woman,  and  nearly  starves  him.     When  the  rest  of  the  cattle  are  sleepmg  •! 


SOEGAARD. — SPITTA-BEY.  457 

magic  ox  amongst  them  turns  his  ear  to  the  boy,  who  finds  therein  butter, 
cakes,  and  cheese.  When  he  is  satisfied  ox  says,  "Are you  thirsty,  John? 
Drink  from  my  horn."  Thence  he  drinks  beer  ;  has  never  tasted  better. — (3) 
After  some  time  mistress  sends  daughter  to  discover  secret  She  feigns  sleep, 
and  watches  everything. — (4)  Mistress  orders  ox  to  be  slain.  John  asks 
leave  to  give  the  blow  instead  of  butcher.  He  takes  the  axe,  and  happens  to 
strike  mistress  on  the  head.  She  faints. — (5)  Ox  jumps  up,  takes  John  on 
his  back,  and  runs  away. — (6)  They  come  across  a  number  of  horsemen,  who 
ride  up  steep  mountain  to  win  princess.  She  sits  on  the  top,  holding  a  twig 
of  gold,  a  twig  of  silver,  and  one  of  tin.  If  she  does  not  care  for  a  man  she 
will  give  him  tin  twig,  should  he  reach  the  top ;  if  she  likes  him  she  will 
give  him  the  silver  twig,  and  he  will  have  to  try  once  more ;  if  she  loves  him 
she  will  give  him  the  golden  twig. — (7)  None  of  the  suitors  have  reached  more 
than  halfway  up  ;  but  John  gets  to  the  top  and  receives  the  gold  twig.  From 
that  day  the  little  brown  ox  stands  in  the  king's  stable,  and  is  caressed  and 
cared  for  like  the  most  beautiful  horse. 


GuiLLAUME  Spitta-Bey,  Cotitcs  arabcs  modernes,     Leide,  Paris,     337 

1883.     Pp.  152-61.     No.  XII. 

"HisTOiRE  Du  Prince  et  de  son  Cheval.^ 

( I )  Sultan  has  son  bom  to  him  ;  at  the  same  time  a  mare  of  pure  strain 
bears  a  foal,  which  sultan  says  shall  belong  to  the  new-bom  child. — (2) 
Child's  mother  dies  when  he  b  still  a  youth  ;  and  the  mare  dies  also.  Sultan 
marries  again,  and  boy  is  sent  to  school.  Every  day,  on  his  retum,  he  visits 
the  foal,  and  caresses  and  feeds  it — (3)  The  slave  whom  the  sultan  has 
married  has  a  lover,  a  Jew,  who  conspires  with  her  to  poison  the  child 
because  he  is  an  obstacle  to  their  meeting.  On  visiting  the  foal,  hero  finds  it 
weeping,  and  when  he  asks  why,  learns  that  his  own  death  b  planned. 
Horse  tells  him  to  beware  of  poison,  so  he  gives  hb  food  to  the  cat,  and  it 
dies.  Jew  knows  that  only  the  horse  can  have  wamed  him. — (4)  He  tells 
stepmother  to  mb  her  body  all  over  with  some  ointment  and  feign  illness,  and 
he  will  pretend  to  be  a  doctor.  Sultan  sends  for  him  to  attend  wife,  and  he 
says  that  the  only  cure  for  queen  b  the  heart^  of  the  foal  of  a  mare  of  pure 
strain. — (5)  Hero  asks  to  be  allowed  to  have  one  ride  on  hb  horse  before  it  b 
killed  for  hb  stepmother.  A  cavalcade  b  in  readiness  to  attend  him,  and  he 
mounts  hb  horse  and  gallops  out  of  sight  of  alL  When  he  has  entered  another 
kingdom  he  dismounts,  buys  a  poor  man's  rags  for  ten  mahboubs,  dons  them, 
and  puts  his  own  clothes  on  horse's  back.  Horse  gives  him  one  of  hb  hairs 
and  a  flint  for  striking  spark,  and  says  if  he  ever  wants  him  he  has  but  to  set 
light  to  the  hair  and  horse  will  be  at  hb  side. — (6)  He  parts  from  horse  and 
goes  to  king's  garden,  and  gets  engaged  by  head-gardener  to  drive  the  ox 
which  turns  the  water-wheel.     For  several  days  he  works  thus  ;  then  summons 

*  Sec  note  74.  *  Sec  note  75. 


458 

his  horse,  d 


CINDER  El 


L    VARIANTS, 


5  hifi  own  clmhef .  and  gallopi  about  Ihe  garden. — ( 
youngest  daughter  sees  hlcn  rrom  her  window  And  falli  in  love  with  him.  He 
resumes  his  rags  and  conliaui:^  al  tlie  walcr-wbeel.  Gardener  comes  and  aju 
who  has  made  garden  au  unlidy.  tie  says  he  duei  nut  kauw.  Gardener  ties 
him  to  tree,  meaning  to  thnuh  him  ;  king's  daughter  cdes  out  to  let  I  ~ 

Hero  returns  lo  the  water-wh«el.     Every  day,  king'a  daugliler  orders  fi 
him  a  biscuit  and  a  (owl.— (S)  She  remarlii  to  her  sisters  it  u  liigh 
were  all  matricd.    tjuceu  tcll»  king,  who  nukes  proclamation  that  i 
is  to  pass  beneath  the  ladies'  castle,  for  they  widh  to  choose  hiubands.     If  *nf\ 
one  should  please  eitlier  of  the  princesses  she  is  to  throw  her  kerchief  tc 
The  young   men  pass  by,  and  six  of  the  sisters  make  their  choice.     BuCl 
youngest  has  not  thrown  her  kerchief  to  any.     The  king  is  told,  and  says  (bera 
is  QO  one  left  except  ihc  poor  fellow  at  the  water-wheel.      >le  is  fetched  ; 
Ihiows  her  kerchief  to  him  ;  the  kiog  Is  angry. — (9)  The  mairiagc  conliacls. 
are  signed,  and  the  wedding  of  the  six  sisters  celebrated.     Hat  the  youngest  ii 
shut  up  in  a  room  with  her  husband.     King  falls  ill  with  grief. — (lo)  Doc 
orders  him  milk  of  a  virgin  bear  in  the  skin  of  a  virgin  bear.     King  sends  ] 
six  sons-in.law  10  procure  IL     When  they  have  set  out  on  their  &ne  sleedtj  I 
hero  goes  to  the  miUer,  borrows  his  lame  mate,  and  rides  oC     The  inhabil«iU| 
make  fuu  of  him.     He  strikes  bis  Hint  to  fetch  miglc  horse,  Ibeobidsitl 
a  camp,  the  beginning  of  which  is  not  known,  the  limit  of  which  is  not  M 
and  lei  it  be  lull  of  bears.     It  b  even  so.     Hero  liuds  a  teat  of  gold  embroiden 
with  pearls  prepared  lor  himself.     The  six  sons  in-law  draw  near,  rejtuce  tc 
see   the  cimp  and  the  bears,  and  (ell  the  camp-servants  thai  they  want  M 
bear's  milk.     They  arc  told  to  enter  king':!  tent.     Hero  inquires  what  ihefl 
want.— (II)  He  will  give  them  the  milk,  on  condiitoo  that  each  of  them  con- 1 
sents  to  having  a  circle  and  a  rod  burnt  on  his  back.      Me  brands  them  all  ; 
then  brings  an  old  bear,  cuts  ils  throat,  and  hlU   its  skin  with  the  milk  of 
another  old  bear.     They  like  it  and  go.     Then  hero  ikins  a  virgin  bear.  « 
takes  the  milk  of  another  virgin  bear.     Thanking  his  magic  horse,  he  depattl 
on  the  lame  mare,  and  is  again  ridiculed  by  the  townsfolk  when  letuming  it 
to  the  miller,     i^le  gives  the  milk  10  his  wife  lo  lake  lo  her  mother.    Doclon 
have  examined  the  milk  brought  by  the  sons-in-law,  and  say  it  a  of  no  use,  it  ■ 
is  an  old  beat's.— (13)  But  Ihat  which  youngest  daughter  brings  is  all  right,  ■ 
and  queen  takes  it  lo  her  liuiband,  who  is  cured  forthwith. — (13)  ^  ■ 
breaks  out.     The  tents  are  pitched  opposite  the  lents  of  the  enemy.     Hemil 
rides  forth  on  miller's  lame  mare,  summons  magic  horse,  and  begs  that  alii 
Ms  hain  may  Sash  (oilh  file.     He  advances  10  the  king,  offers  his  seivi 
battle,  and  slays  one-third  of  the  enemy,  his  hone  casting  flames  about, 
vanishes.     King   wished  it  had  been  his  sons-in-law.— { 14)  Ne»t  day  I 
does  just  as  before.     Kinij  lakes  olf  his  own  ring  and  puts  it  on  the  stnuger'al 
hnger  eie  he  vanishes. — (lj|  Next  day  hero  descends  into  the  light  and  Idll^fl 
the  remainder  of  the  enemy.     His  arm  is  woundeij,  and  the  king  btndt  iffl 
will)  his  royal   kerchief.     The  sttaiger  vanishes. — (16)  Youngest   daughtvrfl 
being  tuld  what  has  happened,  goes  to  mother,  saying,  "  Get  my  father  U 
come  and  see  bis  ring  and  his  kerchief."     King  is  told,  and  finding  them  upon.  I 
Mohammed  tlie  Wise  [the  hero),  falls  at  his  feet  and  bids  him  tell  his  slotyrf 


SPITTA-BEY. — STIER.  459 

Hero  says  he  is  a  prince,  and  the  six  sons-in-law  are  his  father's  mamlouks, 
whom  once  he  struck  and  they  took  to  flight  Fearing  his  father's  displeasure, 
he  set  out  in  pursuit  of  them  to  bring  them  back  ;  but  finding  they  were  the 
king's  sons-in-law  he  held  his  peace.  King's  youngest  daughter  saw  him  in 
the  garden,  and  recognised  his  royal  estate.  "  Here  is  your  daughter,  she  Ls 
still  unwed." — (17)  The  wedding  is  celebrated,  and  hero  takes  leave  of  king, 
and  carries  his  bride  to  his  father's  kirgdom.  His  father  is  dead,  and  hero 
succeeds  him. — (18)  He  sends  for  the  Jew  and  for  his  father's  widow,  and  has 
them  thrown  into  the  fire  and  consumed. 


Stier,  Ungarische  Sagen  und  Mdrchen,    Berlin,  1850.    Pp.  91-95.    338 

No.  XIV.     (From  Pesth.) 

"ASCHENBRODEL."^ 

(i)  Peasant  has  three  sons.  He  sends  the  eldest  to  mind  his  vines.  A 
toad  asks  him  for  a  piece  of  his  cake.  He  refuses  to  give  it,  throws  a  stone 
at  toad,  and  falls  asleep.  When  he  wakes  up  a  number  of  the  vines  have 
been  trampled  down.  Same  thing  happens  next  day  when  second  son  is  sent. 
— (2)  On  the  third  day  the  youngest  son,  who  is  called  Aschenbiodel,  because 
he  sits  in  the  ashes,  and  is  considered  good  for  nothing,  asks  to  be  sent  to 
keep  guard  over  the  grapes.  They  laugh  at  him,  but  let  him  go  and  try. 
He  willingly  spares  some  cake  for  the  toad,  who  gives  him  a  copper,  a  silver, 
and  a  golden  switch,  and  tells  him  that  ere  long  three  horses,  copper,  silver,  and 
gold,  will  come  to  tread  down  the  vines ;  but  he  has  only  to  strike  the  horses 
with  the  three  switches,  and  they  will  become  tame  and  obedient,  and  will 
afterwards  appear  at  command.  So  it  happens  ;  and  there  is  a  fine  harvest 
of  giapes  ;  but  Aschenbiodel  does  not  tell  father  how  he  guarded  them. — (3) 
One  Sunday  the  king  places  a  high  fir-pole  in  front  of  the  church,  and  on 
the  top  of  it  a  gold  rosemary,  and  promises  his  daughter  to  the  man  who  can 
reach  the  rosemary  with  one  spring  from  his  horse's  back.  All  the  knights  in 
the  land  make  the  attempt,  but  none  can  jump  high  enough.  A  young  knight 
in  copper  armour  on  a  copper  horse  seizes  the  rosemary  at  an  easy  bound,  and 
vanishes. — (4)  When  the  brothers  return  home  and  tell  Aschenbiodel,  he  says 
he  saw  the  whole  thing  much  better  from  the  fence.  Brothers  pull  it  down. — 
(5)  Next  Sunday  a  gold  apple  is  placed  on  the  top  of  a  still  higher  pole. 
Hundreds  try  in  vain  to  reach  it.  It  is  earned  off  by  a  knight  in  silver 
armour  on  a  silver  steed. — (6)  Aschenbiodel  tells  brothers  he  saw  capitally 
from  the  stable,  which  is  accordingly  pulled  dowu. — (7)  Third  Sunday  a 
golden  silk  kerchief  is  placed  on  a  much  higher  pole,  and  it  is  carried  off  by 
a  knight  in  gold  armour  on  a  gold  steed. — (8)  Aschenbiodel  tells  brothers 
he  saw  all  from  the  ledge  of  the  roof.  They  break  it  down. — (9)  King 
proclaims  that  the  knight  who  has  deserved  his  daughter  should  make 
himself  known  by  bringing  the  rosemary,  the  apple,  and  the  kerchief.     No 

^  See  note  76. 


460  CINDERELLA   VARIANTS. 

one  comes.  Then  king  invites  all  the  men  in  the  kingdom  to  come  and 
see  him  ;  but  the  stnmger  knight  is  not  amongst  them. — (10)  At  last  he 
appears  in  golden  apparel  on  golden  steed.  Bells  ring,  cannons  sound.  Hero 
gives  the  trophies  to  princess,  takes  off  his  helmet,  and  is  recognised  as 
Aschenbrodel  by  the  astonished  populace. — (if)  Hero  marries  king's  daugh- 
ter, rebuilds  house  for  brothers,  and  takes  father  to  live  with  him.  Bride's 
father  soon  dies,  and  Aschenbrodel  inherits  all. 


339    Geo.  McCall  Theal,  Kaffir  Folk-lore,     2nd  edition.     London, 

1886.     Pp.  169-71. 

"Story  of  the  Wonderful  Horns." 

(i)  Hero's  mother  being  dead,  he  is  ill-treated  by  his  other  mothers. — (2) 
He  determines  to  leave  home,  and  rides  off  on  an  ox  given  to  him  by  his 
father.  They  come  to  herd  of  cattle  with  a  bull.  Boy  dismounts  ;  ox  fights 
and  overcomes  bull.  Boy  rides  on  again. — (3)  Feeling  hungry,  he  strikes 
right  horn  of  ox,  and  food  comes  out.  Having  eaten,  he  strikes  left  horn, 
and  the  remaining  food  goes  in  again.  Boy  sees  a  herd  of  dun-coloured 
cattle.  Ox  says,  ''  I  will  fight  and  die  there.  Break  off  my  horns  and 
take  them  with  you.  When  hungry,  speak  to  them,  and  they  will  supply 
food." — (4)  The  ox  is  killed,  and  hero  takes  the  horns  and  walks  on  to 
village  where  people  are  cooking  the  weed  tyuiu,  having  nothing  else  for 
food.  Hero  enters  a  house,  speaks  to  horn,  and  gets  food  enough  for  himself 
and  owner  of  house.  Having  eaten,  they  fall  asleep. — (5)  Owner  of  house 
hides  magic  horns,  substituting  others.  Hero  starts  off  next  morning,  but 
when  he  speaks  to  horns  no  food  comes.  He  returns  to  house,  hears  owner 
speaking  to  magic  horns,  but  getting  nothing  from  them.  He  takes  them 
from  thief  and  journeys  on  to  another  house,  where  he  may  not  enter  because 
ragged  and  travel-stained. — (6)  He  comes  to  a  river,  and  sits  down  on  the 
bank.  He  speaks  to  horns,  and  a  new  mantle  and  handsome  ornaments 
come  forth. — (7)  Dressed  in  these,  he  is  received  at  a  house  whose  owner  has 
a  beautiful  daughter  ;  he  stays  there,  his  horns  providing  food  and  clothing 
for  them  all. — (8)  After  a  time  he  marries  daughter  ;  takes  her  home,  and  is 
welcomed  by  his  father. — (9)  He  speaks  to  horns,  and  gets  a  fine  house  in 
which  to  live  with  his  wife. 


340  Dr.  M.  Toeppen,  Aberglanbeii  aiis  Masitren^  mit  einem  Anhange 
enthaltend  :  Afasurische  Sagert  U7id  Mdhrchen,  Danzig,  1867. 
Pp.  148-50.     (PYom  Little  Jerut.) 

"  Der  RriT  in  das  vierte  Stockwerk." 

(1)  Dying  father  bids  his  three  sons  (the  youngest  of  whom  is  deemed 
stupid)  watch  one  night  each  on  his  grave. — (2)  Eldest  son  is  afraid  to  do  so, 
and  youngest  watches  in  his  stead.     At  midnight  grave  opens ;  dead  father 


TOKPPKN,— ZTNGERLE.  461 

tt  forth  and  gives  son  three  sivitches. — (3)  Second  night  hero  watches 
iostead  of  Mcond  ion,  and  receives  from  father  a  ball  of  thread.  Hero  tells 
nothing  to  brathen. — (4)  Id  the  town  is  a  king  who  has  promised  his  daugh- 
ter in  marriage  to  anyone  who  can  twice  ride  on  horseback  to  the  fourth  storey 
of  the  caitle.  Pnncess  will  give  the  successfnl  rider,  fint  a  kerchief,  and  the 
second  time  a  ring,  in  token  of  his  accomplishroenL  Man;  have  already  (cicd 
in  vain.— (5)  When  hero  goes  on  third  night  on  his  own  account  to  watch  on 
father's  grave,  lather  commends  him  for  his  faithfulness,  and  says  that  if  he 
would  Ijlie  to  win  the  princess  he  must  go  to  the  oak-tree  in  the  garden, 
strike  its  stem  with  the  three  switches,  and  he  will  then  see  what  he  is  farther 
to  do. — (6)  Nett  day  the  two  hrothers  determlae  to  try  for  the  princess,  and 
bid  youngeil  stay  at  home  to  mind  the  pigs  and  heat  the  oven.  When  ihey 
liave  started  hero  strikes  the  oak-tree,  bids  it  open,  and  takes  out  gorgeous 
attire  and  3  golden  saddle-horse,  ife  reaches  the  castle,  rides  up  to  the 
fourth  storey,  and  receives  the  kerchief  from  the  princess.  When  brothers 
return  and  find  him  in  his  accustomed  place,  as  though  naught  bad  happened, 
they  mock  him.-~(7)  Next  day,  when  they  have  started  to  caslle,  hero  equips 
himself  at  the  oak-tree,  tides  up  the  castle-walls,  and  wins  the  ring  from  the 
princess.  On  the  way  home  someone  shoots  at  him,  wounding  his  fooL  fie 
leaves  outfit  and  hone,  kerchief  and  ring,  in  the  oak-tree,  and  goes  home.— 
(8)  Princess  seeks  far  the  prince  who  has  won  her,  and  leanung  that  he 
has  been  lamed,  she  gives  orders  for  every  tame  person  to  be  bronght  before 
her.  The  messengers  come  to  the  house  of  the  three  brothers.  The  two 
eider  confess  that  the  youngest  is  lame,  though  it  cannot  be  he  that  they  seek. 
— [9)  But  they  take  him  to  the  princes),  who  weeps  at  the  thought  of  many- 
ing  one  so  ugly  and  dirty.  Hero  goes  to  the  oak-tree,  dons  the  magic  dress, 
and  rides  back  to  the  princess  on  the  golden  steed.  A  servant  follows  after 
him  with  ux  golden  horses  and  twelve  silver  mares  with  twelve  silver  foals, 
all  of  which  henceforth  arc  his.^lio)  lie  shows  the  kerchief  and  ring  ;  the 
princess  rejoices,  and  they  are  married. 


ZiNCEHLE,  IiiNAZ  UNO  JosEF,  KindtT-  und  Haasmardtcn  ain  Sv4-    341fl 
deutiihlanJ.      Regensbiirg,    1854.      Pp.   395-403.      (Heard  at 
Absam.) 

"Der  Aschentaggeb." 

(l)  A  peasant  lives  in  foresl  with  three  sons.  The  two  elder  are  active  lads, 
the  youngest  is  an  idle  booby  who  is  lit  for  no  work.  Though  twenty  years 
old,  he  wears  a  child's  frock  and  sits  all  day  on  the  hearth,  so  that  he  is  called 
"Aschentagger".  When  father  is  dying,  he  bids  each  son  come  in  turn  to  hia 
grave  lor  the  first  three  nights  after  his  death,  and  he  will  help  them  with  word 
and  deed. — (z|  Eldest  son  fears  to  go,  and  promises  Ilansl,  the  youngest,  a 
loaf  of  bread  if  he  wilt  go  in  his  stead-  Ilansl  agrees,  and  waits  till  midnight 
at  father's  grave,  when,  as  clock  strikes  twelve,  lotht^r  rises  Imm  lomb,  calls 
Hansl  his  best  son,  and  gives  him  a  bridle,  which  will  one  day  prove  of  great 
service,     llanst  hangs  bridle  in  empty  stable,  and  ssyi  luithing  about  it  to 


4fij  CINDERELLA  VARIANTS. 

brothers.— (3)  Second  nighi  he  gets  a  loaf  of  bread  from  second  brotliCT.  and 
goes  in  hU  stead  to  grave,  where  father  gives  him  a  thong,     lie  spends  the  dftjl 
among;  the  ?shes  ai  UEual. — (4)  Third  night  father  gives  him  n  Spanish  1 
then  vanishes.     Minsl  does  not  tell  brothers,  but,  putting  staff  with  liridli 
and  thong  in  stable,  he  returns  lo  hearth. — (j)  Near  to  their  home  is  ■  tteep 
wall  of  rock,  at  the  top  of  which  is  a  beialifa!  table- land.     The  approach  frata 
the  rronl  is  perilous,  but  at  the  bii^k  the  way  i;  easf.     King  has  proclaimed 
that  whoever  can  ascend  the  rock  from  the  front  shall  wed  his  danghter.     A 
day  is  (iied  for  the  trial,  and  numbers  as^mbte  to  witness  the  contest.    Elder 
brothers  go,  and  tell  llansi  lo  bide  at  homeand  mind  house.    But  Hansl  takes 
bridle  and  whip,  and  hobbles  into  the  wood.   There  he  linds  a  splendid  dappled 
steed  tied  to  a  tir'lree,  and  cin  another  tree  a  silver  >uit  of  annour.     He  dona 
the  armour  and  bestrides  the  steed,  and,  in  a  trice,  is  at  the  foot  of  the  pred- 
pice.     All  make  way  for  the  unknown  knight,  and  the  steed  carries  hint  safely 
10  the  summit  of  the  rock.     King's  daughter  hastens  to  meet  him,  and  would 
embrace  and  kiss  him,  but  Hansl,  not  comprehending,  avoids  the  kiss  and  ride* 
nway  like  the  wind  into  the  wood,  where  he  leaves  horse  and  armour,  then 
teiums  to  the  hearth  as  though  he  had  never  left  it.— (G)  King's  daoghier  wu 
so  well  pleased  with  stranger  knight  that  she  asks  king  to  arrange  another  c< 
test,  when  he  might  come  again.     All  happens  as  before.     Again  the  princea  J 
would  embrace  Hansl,  but  he  springs  away,  and  rides  at  full  speed  towards  ttieM 
wood.      But  king  has  stationed  strong  guard,  and  promised  a  reward  for 
ping  the  knight.     King  himself  stands  by  them.     Hausl  is  instantly  surrounded,,! 
and,  whilst  dealing  blows  right  and  left  with  his  thong,  is  wounded  in  the  fool 
He  calls  for  a  bandage,  and  king  takes  his  own  handkerchief  to  bind  up  the>l 
wound.     But  the  gnard  are  somewhat  scattered,  and  Hansl  puis  spurs  to 
steed  and  away  '.    Brothers  return,  find  him  playing  with  ashes,  and  tell  him 
of  stranger  knight. — (7)  Princess  is  inconsolabie  at  losing  her  chan 
king  sends  commission  throughout  the  land  to  visit  every  man  and  boor,  and 
lind  Ibe  wounded  knight.     They  come  10  the  brothers'  house,  but  Rod  11 
wounded  man.     Elder  brothers  confess  that  there  is  another  man  in 
but  he  is  D  perfect  booby.     Messengers  eiamine  him,  and  finding  king's  t 
handkerchief  on  him,  they  carry  him  off  10  the  king  and  his  daughter. — (8)  1 
Princess  weeps  at  sight  of  dirty  Hansl. and  king  says  he  most  prove  hii  valour 
by  slaying  the  fearful  snake  that  devours  their  folk  and  flocks.     Hansl  agrees, 
and  goes  home  to  fetch  Spanish  staff;  trips  off  to  the  wood,  blowing  a  whiille 
he  had  once  bought  at  a  fair.     Presenlljr  the  dreadfnl  viper  appears,  and  he 
strikes  it  dead  with  his  staff.     King  is  delighted  with  so  brave  a  son-m-law, 
but  princess  laments,  and  will  not  accept  him.     Hansl  has  now  to  lake  up  hi* 
abode  at  the  court ;  but  he  is  troubled  to  see  the  princess  always  weeping, — 
(9J  So  hegoes  home  to  fetch  bridlcand  thong,  finds  the  steed  and  silver  ar 
and  gallops  full  lilt  lo  the  court,     Princess  is  at  the  window  and  sees  he 
knight  appear.     "My  brid^toom '."  she  says,  and  rushes  to  greet  him.    Sal 
they  are  married,  and  the  Aschentaggcr  becomes  a  king't  son.in-Uv 


APPENDIX. 


Ill 


APPENDIX. 


A.— CINDERELLA. 

Note. — The  following  variants  were  noted  after  the  earlier  sheets  of  the 
volume  were  in  the  press  ;  wherefore  abstracts  of  them  could  not  be  included 
in  Part  I.  The  correspondiog  tabulations  will,  however,  be  found  in  biblio- 
graphical  order  ia  Part  il. 

Indian  Antiquary,   Bombay  (189 1).    Vol.  xx,  pp.  142-47.    "Folk-    307 

lore  in  Salsette,"  by  Geo.  Fr.  DTenha. 

"  BapkhAd!." 

Mendicant  has  wife  and  six  daughters.  Boiling  nee  poured 
into  his  hand  raises  blister  on  thumb.  Wife  opens  blister,  and 
heroine  comes  forth.  Six  girls  and  heroine  shut  up  whilst  mother 
makes  rice-cakes ;  they  make  excuse  to  be  released  in  turn,  and 
eat  all  the  cakes.  Mother  makes  cakes  of  ashes  for  self  and 
husband.  Father  pretends  to  take  seven  girls  to  visit  uncle,  and 
abandons  them  in  forest  whilst  they  sleep.  Heroine  only  sleeps 
whilst  sucking  father's  thumb.  He  cuts  it  off,  and  leaves  it  in 
her  mouth.  Girls  suppose  she  has  eaten  father,  and  call  her 
Bapkhidi.  They  reach  house  with  seven  vacant  rooms ;  each 
takes  one ;  heroine's  room  the  best,  containing  [Magic]  dresses 
and  gold  shoes ;  has  stable  attached — ^Meeting-place  (church) — 
Flight,  manifold — Lost  shoe— King's  son  pines  for  owner  of 
shoe ;  hides  in  father's  stable ;  watches  maidservants  eat  grain 
and  throw  husks  to  horses ;  calls  out  to  them.  They  reveal 
prince's  hiding-place.  King  visits  him,  cheers  him,  and  institutes 
search  for  owner  of  shoe— Shoe  marriage  test— Happy  manriage 
—Sisters  become  heroine's  waiting-maids.  Prince  goes  on 
voyage.  Heroine  bears  son.  Sisters  blindfold  her,  bury  child 
alive  under  tree,  and  put  stone  in  its  place.  Shower  of  gold 
on  prince's  ship  betokens  birth  of  son.  Prince  hurries  home ; 
sisters  show  him  stone — Prince  takes  second  voyage.  Heroine 
bears  son  ;  sisters  bury  child  alive  under  tree,  substituting  cocoa- 

H  H 


466  APPENDIX. 

nut  broom — Shower  of  gold  on  prince's  ship.  Siale 
broom — Third  voyage  of  prince — Heroine  bears  daughter,  whom 
sisters  bury  alive  in  church,  substituting  another  kind  of  broom — 
Shower  of  silver  on  prince's  ship.  Sisters  show  him  broom,  and 
calumniate  heroine — Heroine  stripped  and  thrown  into  dungeon. 
Prince  marries  six  sisters — Heroine's  children  come  begging  ;  say 
words  which  mystify  prince  ;  refuse  to  take  alms  from  six  wives  ;  | 
bid  prince  call  seventh  wife.  Three  streams  of  milk  from  \ 
heroine's  breast  penetrate  seven  curtains  and  run  into  children's 
mouths — Heroine  restored  to  favour — ^Villain  NemesiB,  Six 
sisters  despoiled  and  driven  fonh  on  donkeys. 


[The  t«-o   following  stories    approximate  to    the    Cinderella   I 
type :— ] 

1.308    Francesco  Mango,  NovelUne  popolari  Sarde,  raccolte  e  anno-  J 
tale  dal,  Palermo,  i8go.    {V\It€,  Curiosili popolarilraditionali, 
vol.  ix.)     Pp.  134-36. 

"La  Maestra  e  la  Figliastb.\." 
Heroine  asks  father  to  marry  her  schoolmistress,   who  has  1 
prompted  her  to  do  so.     Iron  shoes  must  wear  out  first.    Heroine  ' 
pours  water  on  them.     Father  marries  schoolmistress— Ill-treated 
heroine  (by  stepmother).     Father  urged  to  take  heroine  far  from 
home  and  desert  her.     Heroine  devoured  by  wild  beasts. 


L3O9    Ernst  Meier,  Deutsche  Volksmiirchen  aus  Schwaben.     Stuttgart, 
1853.     No.  XLVUl.     Pp.  165  74.     (From  Heubach.) 

"The  young  Countess  and  the  Watkr-nvmph." 
Water-nymph  promises  to  stand  godmother  to  countess's  child.  1 
Daughter  bom  ;   all  wait  in   church  for  water-nymph,  who  at  J 
length  appears  and  gives  child  little   basket  with  three  egg 
Countess  dies  ;  father  marries  again — Ill-treated  heroine  (she  is 
neglected  by  stepmother)— Heroine  plays  by  the  lake  ;    water- 
nymph  amuses  her — Father's  castle  burnt  down ;  he  is  reduced 
to  poverty — Oodmother  aid— Uetiial  heroine  (scullion  at  castle)  J 
—Heroine  di8e:uise  (peasant's  dress)— Magic  dresses  (from  two  J 


A. — CINDERELLA.  467 

of  the  wishing-eggs) — Meeting-place  (ball) — Twofold  ^flight — 
Love-sick  young  master — ^Recognition  food  contains  ring  given 
at  ball — ^Happy  marriage — Mother-in-law  throws  heroine's  two 
daughters  in  lake,  and  accuses  her  of  murder.  Heroine  shut  up 
in  red-hot  oven.  Third  wishing-egg  causes  water-nymph  to  ap- 
pear and  cool  fires.  Heroine  fetches  her  children  from  lake, 
where  godmother  has  succoured  them  ;  father  acknowledges  them, 
and  begs  forgiveness  of  wife — ^Villain  Nemesis. 


Leon  Pineau,  Les  Contes populaires  du  Poitou,     Paris,  1891.       310 

No.   V.     Pp.    117-22. 

"La  Cendrouse." 

Heroine,  youngest,  nicknamed  Cinderella,  despised,  but  not 
ill-treated — Hearth  abode — Gifts  from  father;  heroine  chooses 
nut ;  it  contains  Magic  dresses — ^Meeting-place  (church) — Two- 
fold flight — Lost  shoe — Shoe  marriage  test  on  following  Sunday 
— ^Happy  marriage. 


H  H  2 


468  APPENDIX. 


B.— CATSKIN. 

311    Leskien  und  Brugman,  Litauische    Volkslieder  und  Mdrchen. 

Strassburg,  1882.     Pp.  443-47.     No.  XXIV. 

"  Von  der  Ratte,  die  den  Konigssohn  zum  Mann  bekam." 

TJnnatural  father  —  Dead  mother  help  —  Counter-tasks — 
Magic  dresses  —  Heroine  disguise  (rat-skin)  —  Heroine  asks 
leave  to  go  to  bath.  Mother  appears,  and  whirls  her  away  in  a 
hurricane  to  stone  cross,  wherein  heroine  hides  bundle  of  dresses. 
[Heroine  flight] — Enraged  father  shoots  himself — King  finds 
heroine,  as  rat;  takes  her  to  palace — King^s  son  throws  (i)  boots, 
(2)  knife,  (3)  towel  at  heroine — Meeting-place  (church) — Token 
objects  named — Threefold  flight — Fitch-trap — Lost  shoe— Shoe 
marriage  test — Happy  marriage. 


Leon  Pineau,  Les  Contes  populaires  du  Poitou.     Paris,  1891. 

No.  III.     Pp.  99-109. 

"  Le  Bouc  Blanc." 
[This  story  is  the  same  as  No.   191,  y.  z'.] 


C. — CAP  O'  RUSHES.  469 


C— CAP  O'  RUSHES. 

FiNAMORE,  Tradizioni  popolari  AbbruzzesL     Lanciano,  1882.       312 

Vol.  i,  pp.  83-86.     No.  XVIII. 

"Lu  Rre  Sselvagge." 

Outcast  heroine  (through  jealousy  of  elder  sisters) — General 
spares  heroine's  life ;  deludes  king  with  clothes  soaked  in  blood 
of  dog — Son  of  wild  king  of  the  woods  finds  heroine ;  takes  her 
to  his  father,  who  treats  her  as  a  daughter — Bird  belonging  to 
neighbouring  king  warns  her  that  wild  king  will  devour  her; 
next  day  she  retorts  that  she  will  marry  bird's  master.  Bird 
annoyed  at  this;  its  master  watches,  unseen,  for  heroine,  and 
falls  in  love — Happy  marriage — Heroine's  father  attends  wed- 
ding ;  tells  of  ill-treatment  by  elder  daughters. 


Imrriani,  XII  Conti  Pomiglianesi.     Napoli,    1877.     Pp.  42-45.    313 

(From  Avellino.) 

"'E   TRE   FiGLIE   d'   'O   Re." 

King  makes  three  daughters  relate  their  dreams  ;  youngest  has 
dreamt  that  she  will  marry  an  emperor — Outcast  heroine — Faith- 
ful servant  spares  heroine's  life,  leaves  her  in  the  wood,  and 
deludes  king  with  sheep's  blood  and  one  of  heroine's  fingers — 
Heroine  sees  distant  light ;  comes  to  house  of  ogre ;  ogress 
admits  her,  hides  her  from  husband,  and  afterwards  presents  her 
to  him  as  own  child — Heroine  enters  forbidden  chamber  and 
goes  out  on  balcony.  Emperor's  parrot  warns  her  that  ogre  will 
devour  her ;  next  day  she  retorts  that  she  will  marry  bird's  master. 
Bird,  annoyed,  tells  master,  who  lies  in  wait  to  slay  heroine. 
Emperor  falls  in  love  with  her — Happy  marriage — Heroine's 
father  attends  wedding  :  craves  forgiveness. 


470  APPENDIX. 

314    E.  MoNSEUR,  Le  Folklore  Wallon.     Bnixelles,  1892.     P.  xxx. 

(Narrated  to  M.  Simon  at  Chitelineau.) 

King  Lear  judgment — ^Loving  like  salt — Outcast  heroine — 

Heroine  protected  by  another  king,  who  gives  banquet,  and  in- 
vites her  father— Value  of  salt. 


315    PiTRE,  Fiabe,  Novelle  e  Racconti  popolari  SicilianL     (BibL  delle 
trad,  pop.  Sic,  vol.  iv.)     Palermo,  1875.     ^P-  83-88.     No.  X. 

"  L'ACQUA    E    LU    SaLI." 

King  Lear  judgment — Loving  like  salt  and  water — Outcast 
heroine — Executioners,  directed  by  elder  sisters,  spare  heroine's 
life,  leave  her  in  a  cave,  and  delude  king  with  dog's  tongue  and 
rent  garment — Magician  finds  heroine ;  takes  her  to  his  home 
opposite  royal  palace  —  King's  son  would  marry  heroine. 
Magician  bids  her  kill  him  day  before  wedding  ;  put  a  quarter  of 
him  in  each  of  four  rooms,  and  sprinkle  his  blood  in  all  rooms 
and  on  stairs.  Flesh  and  blood  become  gold  and  jewels — ^Happy 
marriage — ^Value  of  salt  and  water. 


316  Ibid.,  pp.  88-92.     Variants  of  the  above. 

"  II  Padre  Santo"  (Polizzi-Generosa). 

Merchant,  leaving  home  with  son,  confides  daughter  to  care  of 
holy  father.  He  afterwards  calumniates  her  to  father,  who  sends 
brother  to  slay  her  in  wood.  Brother  spares  her,  and  deludes 
father  with  dog's  blood,  which  he  drinks.  Heroine  taken  care  of 
by  another  holy  father — Turkey-cock  tells  her  that  holy  father 
will  eat  her ;  next  day  she  replies  that  she  is  to  be  holy  father's 
heir.  At  her  wedding  she  is  to  give  crown,  apple,  and  ribbon  to 
brother,  an  apple  to  father,  and  nothing  to  wicked  holy  father. 
She  must  throw  her  protector  into  heated  furnace,  from  which  she 
will  then  take  baskets  of  crowns,  apples,  and  ribbons — Happy 
marriage — Explanation — Villain  Nemesis  (wicked  holy  father  is 
burnt). 


« 


C — CAP  O'  RUSHES.  47 1 


II  Re  Di  Francia"  (Noto).  317 


One  of  three  daughters  of  King  of  France  dreams  she  will 
become  queen,  and  father  will  pay  her  homage — Outcast  heroine 
— Heroine  sent  to  be  slain  in  wood ;  her  life  is  spared — Magician 
befriends  her — Parrot  on  king's  balcony  says  magician  will  eat 
her.  Magician  bids  her  reply  that  she  is  treated  as  his  daughter. 
[The  rest  proceeds  as  in  tjrpe-story,  see  No.  315.] 


"Lu  CuNTU  DI  LU  Sali"  (Borgetto).  318 

[Story  differs  very  slightly  from  the  above.]  Parrot  warns  girl 
that  dragon  will  eat  her ;  dragon  makes  her  reply  that  she  will 
marry  king's  son — Happy  marriage — Value  of  salt 


(fp.  54i  55.  5^}     Stoiies  137,   138.  140,  »n 
e  CWsWin    gfup,  are  retained   here  a 


ougb   nnt   Elriclly 
o(  ihe  type-slory, 


(P.  laS.)    For  objects  lolien 


ninuls'  «ars  or  horns,  ct  Filk-lert 


Reierd,  ii,  lES,  Iruh  storr  of  "  Conn-Eda"  (balsai 

knife,  from  horse's  mt)  ;   lA,  Hi,  314,  Duiiih  story  of   "Moos  Tro"  (food 

and  drinl:  from  hone's  ears).     In  Ihe  Mongolian  story  (see  feli-lon  fouriia!. 


iii.  3"). 
magpie  peeks  at  the  soi 
front.  The  bead  alone 
my  head  b  piece?,  and 


I  the  spioe  and  lets  it  loose  in  a  field. 
a  wolf  tears  the  ox  from  behind,  >  fox  falls  on  i<  rn 
eft,  and  sayi  to  old  man  ;  "  Do  not  grieve  ;  break 
I  the  two  boms  yoB  will  find  enough  to  mpporl  you 


e  horn  sDve 

;  Lnzel,  Basse- Brelapti, 

rom  Argjlhhiri,  pp.  173 
in),  437.  In  .A.  p.  I  ff., 
1  pursuit,  like  Ihe  Iwig  of 


I 


without  alms  for  six  years."     Old  man  Ends  11 

othergold.     Seede  Gubernalis,  2*/.  Mylh.,\,  179-81 

ii^de  ii,  2ft4  ;    Maclnnes,    Foli  an,/  Htro   Tales  , 

(ivine  and  bread  from  horse,  who  is  transformed  old  xc, 

a  ihom  and  stone  from  horse's  ear  create  obstacles  li 

sloe  and  (he  bladder  of  water  from  the  ear  of  the  grey  filly  in  "  The  Battle  of 

the  Birds"  (Campbell,  i.  31-34). 

Compare  the  goat  Amakbeia,  whose  horn  supplied  Ihe  nymphs  who  had 
nur<ied  Zeus  with  ill  they  wished  for.  Another  l^end  makei  the  nymph 
Amalthcia  possess  a  buU's  horn  which  gives  all  manner  of  meat  and  diink. 
Thii  is  the  cornucopia  of  the  goddess  Fonnna.  Grimm  connects  with  this 
the  nifti  airniplat  of  Luke  i,  6g,  (Tfu/.  Mylh.,  E71,  S73,  1569.)  Perhaps  one 
may  eqnally  compare  the  horn  of  David  which  was  lo  bud,  or,  in  the  words  of 
the  LXX,  tlantrt>,i  k/^i  r^  Aa^lS  (Ps.  cncti,  17),  and  hiKtt\t7'iiifat  tiutI  t^ 
■Tx*  'Iffp***  (Ei.  xxix,  Jl).  Oberon's  horn  was  a  wishing-hom.  In  No.  45  of 
this  collection  the  heroine  holds  the  green  leaf  behind  the  enr  of  Ihe  red  calf, 
and  wishes  lor  food.  In  \htPeHtammne  (LiebrechI,  ii,  itz)  we  read  of  sitting 
down  on  the  homi  of  a  dead  01.  These  prove  to  be  horns  of  plenty.  In 
No.  98  the  heroine  cuts  off  the  boll's 'horn  and  keeps  herdrencsin  il.  The 
mr  {Brnucifia  occurs  in  Nos.  13,  30,  ^$,  55,  99,  r09,  no,  118;  and  in 
Ihe  hero  tales.  No*.  336,  339  (in  Ihe  latter 'he  horn,  when  brtken  o(f  (he  dead 
o»,  sliil  refaip'  i's  mogical  virtue) ;  also  in  "The  Black  Bull  of  Noiroway" 
(tee  note  13).  Id  No.  25  the  cow  gives  milk  ;  in  No.  id  ihe  sheep  brings 
meal :  in  No.  83  the  heroine  most  touch  Ihe  horns  of  ihc  ox  with  one  end 


of  the  magic  w»nd  to  get  food,  and  with  the  olher  e 


N( 


'to  Ret* 


ktiock  the  o'd  man's  drawing  of  u  ihccp  wbcn  she  wants 
food,  and  in  No.  aaS  she  bows  to  the  cow's  right  foot  to  obtain  it.  In  Nos. 
230,  332,  and  233  she  must  gontly  strike  the  block  sheep  with  her  wand,  and  a 
tihle  is  spread  ;  in  No.  336  the  goM  covers  a  table  willi  food,  and  in  No. 
342  the  bull  opens  with  its  horns  the  oak-lree  containing  the  food-supplf. 
In  No.  319  the  hero  lakes  a  pipe  011I  of  the  ox's  left  ear,  and  instantly  the 
magic  lable-clDlh  appears;  while  in  No.  331  the  magic  food-producing  cloth 
it  in  the  cow's  right  honi,  which  screws  off.  (In  No.  10  the  dead  mother 
gives  the  food -producing  cloth.)  In  No.  332  the  hero  strokes  lb«  bull's  back 
to  get  food.    In  No.  310  he  sneks  the  teal  of  the  ewe  and  the  ear  of  the  o«. 

In  No.  227  llic  heroine's  task  is  performed  Ihroagh  her  creeping  in 
at  one  of  (he  cow's  ears  and  out  at  the  other  ;  while  in  Nos.  54  and  127  the 
cow  chews  the  Stx  and  the  thread  comes  out  at  her  ear,  and  in  No.  70  the 
is  put  in  at  one  ear  and  the  linen  drawn  out  at  the  other. 

In  No.  52  the  goal  spins  the  wool  on  his  horns,  and  in 
does  the  work  pliced  beln'een  her  horns.     In  No,  34  the  coi 
and  in  No.  S9  she  also  hollows  out  the  loaf  with  her  horn,     In 
and  249  she  spins,  and  in  Nns.  337,  246,  347,  249  she  spins  and  winds. 
No.  143  Ihc  black  Iamb  spins. 

Prof.  Moe  note*  a  story  in  I.  H.  Wang's  77  notitt  Evmlyr  (Tfarondhjem, 
1868,  pp.  8.  10,  11).  called  "  Pigen  ogLammei",  wherein  the  girl  drink*  the 
blood  of  a  living  lamb,  and  it  is  changed  into  a  costly  drink  ;  she 
and  they  arechanged  to  costly  dishes. 

In  Nos.  15  and  320  the  stepchild  is  nourished  with  the  milk  of  the  he1pfal| 
animal.     In  "I.es  Deux  OrpheIins"(Riviire,  Centis  Kahylts,  p.  67)— of  whl 
story,  as  belonging  to  the  Cinderella  type,  an  abstract  may  here  be  given  %—, 
the  boy  and  girl  drink  the  milk  of  the  pet  cow  bequeathed  to  them  by  their 
dead  mother.     Discovering  this,  the  stepmother's  children  attempt  likewise 
Euck  the  cow.  and  the  girl  is  kicked  and  blinded.     Father  at  length  almc 
yields  to  wife's  entreaty  lo  sell  cow,  when  an  angel  appears  warning  him 
to  do  so.     On  the  following  day,  however,  he  sells  it,  and  the  orphans  « 
on  their  mothsr"*  grave.      Mother  bids  them  beg  the  butcher  for  the  « 
inlealines,  and  lay  them  on  her  grave.      They  do  so,  and  two  teats  appear 
the  spot,  one  yielding  butter,  the  other  honey  for  the  children's  supporL     1 
when  stepmother's  children,  again  sent  to  spy,  would  likewise  sock,  they 
only  filth  and  pitch  in  their  mouths.      Ne»t  day  stepmother  digs  up  the  leatl 
and  throws  them  away,  and  the  dead  mother,  no  longer  able  to  help  het 
children,  sends  them  away  lo  beg.     They  reach  a  palace^  and  are  admitted  u 
servants.     After  a  time  the  lultan  marries  die  girl,  and  her  brother  evailnaUy 
becomes  sultan  himself. 


"^( 


(P.    138.)     In  Cosfiuin's  No.  LXXVIII   (Confrj    terrmm.  ii,   323), 
daughter  of  a  merchant  of  Lyons  is  hated  by  her  mother,  who  lells  serva 
kill  her  and  bring  bock  her  heart  "tout  vif".      The  servant  takes  a  dog'( 
heart  lo  his  mistrett,  and  the  girl  hides  in  •  hollow  oak-tKe,  where  the  it 


4 


Wt. 


NOTES.  475 

I  by  the  coBiit,  who  is  out  bnntiiig.  Similarly,  in  ihe  "  Hisloire  de 
U  fille  venucuse"  (Spitta-Bey,  Canfei  Jratn  AMernii.  stoty  No.  VI, 
p.  S7),  ihe  heroine  is  calumoialed  to  father  during  his  Blisence  fiaia 
home,  and  he  tends  her  brother  to  slay  ber>  and  bring  a  flasln  of  her 
blood  in  proof  of  her  death.  Brother  spares  her  life,  leaving  her  in  the 
desert,  kills  a  gazelle,  and  IbIips  its  blood  to  father.  Tleroioe  climbs  »  liee  10 
be  safe  from  wild  beasts,  and  a  discovered  by  king's  son,  who  is  out  gaielle- 
hnnting.  He  promises  to  protect  her  if  she  will  descend,  and  he  carries  her  on 
horiebaek  behind  him  to  the  palace.  He  marries  her  ;  and,  after  subsequent 
dangers  and  escape  from  treachery  daring  his  absence,  heroine  changes  clothes 
with  a  shepherd  lad,  and  gets  engaged  at  a  cofTee  hoa^e  lo  wash  the  cups. 
Here  she  is  afterwards  found  by  her  father  and  hmbano.  The  usual  Nemeiit 
overtakes  the  villains,  who  are  burnt  to  death. 

Grimm  says  (  Ttnt.  Afytfi.,  57)  that  it  is  probable  thai  certain  nobler  parts  of 
■  sacrificed  unimal— the  head,  liver,  heart,  tongue — were  assigned  lo  the  godi 
{yXima  icsl  mixla  frptirrv  laTtwpayu^y-v.  Plutarch,  Phoc.  i.  ■yXAotat  Hnmr 
and*»»wJBi(X*«i»,Ctf.  3.332,  341.  Cr.  •'DelingnientuinSacrificiis,''Nit/jch 
•d  Horn..  Oii.  i.  307) ;  and  that  the  slayer  in  folk-tales  is  told  lo  bring  the 
tongne  or  heart  of  Ihe  man  or  beast,  as  being  eminent  portions.  They  would 
certainly  be  useless  in  identifying  the  victim. 

For  the  incident  of  substiinting  an  animal's  heart  or  tongue  for  thai  of  Ihe 
intended  victim,  or  soaking  Ihe  clolhea  in  the  blood  of  some  slain  animal,  cf> 
Amason,  lidiadic  Tola  (P.  and  M.),  p.  413  ;  Clouston,  ii,  464  (for  ilory  in 
theKathd  Ko»a) ;  Comparelli,  i,  J41,  No,  56  ;  Fleofy,  Lilt.arali,  fie,  p.  113; 
Feli-lerf  jBuntal.  ii,  ij6  (a  Milagisy  lale)  ;  vi,  42  (Aino  tale),  "The 
■Wicked  Slepmother";  Gtsta  Romanmiim  (Swan),  eh.  JO;  Gonzenbach, 
4;  Grimm,  Noa.  31,  33;  Cipsy-btt  Journal,  iii,  30%  ;  De  Gubematis, 
Slifane,  So.  13  :  2W.  Afyti..  i.  13Q  (citing  from  Radloff,  Ptirifn  der 
^VelksUaeratvr  drr  lurtischtn  Slitmmi  SiilSAirims) ;  Karajich,  No.  33; 
LeRrand,  p.  24 ;  Afffuniie,  i,  col.  300 ;  Nemeci,  Smanta  Nov.,  No.  51  ; 
Pedroso.  PBrl.  Follr-ra'fs.  No.  i  :  Romero,  p.  ra.  No.  3 ;  .Sagas  from  Far  East. 
p.  73 !  Schneller.  No.  50  :  Spitta-Bey,  No.  6  ;  Visentini,  Fiahi  Manlrtiane, 
p.  HI,  No,  33;  Webster,  p.  I37. 

Compare  the  s'ory  of  Ferd'oando.  who  orders  the  morder  of  his  wrife 
GenovevB,  in  the  legend  ofthat  sunt.  Joseph's  coat  was  dipped  in  kid's  blood 
(Gen.  «<rii.  31). 

See  also  Not.  5S,  109.  310.  an,  316,  1S6,  304,  311,  315,  316  (317,  318). 
and  the  hero-talc,  No.  330,  of  this  collection.  In  No.  304  Ihe  dog  spare* 
heroine.and  lakes  hack  to  his  master  the  heart  of  a  hare. 


^   (P.  143.)    In  connection  with  this  incident,  to  common  in  folk-tales,  of  the 

bid  receiving  help  from  a  dead  parent,  either  at  the  lomb  (as  in  Nos.  33, 

^8,  64.  70,  96,  147.  153.  197,  199,  304,  and  herotalea  Nob.  338.  340,  341], 

r  Ihrongh  an  apparition  in  a  dream  (as  in  No*.  9,  10,  301,  377  [311.  not  in 

f  dream]),  the  following  paialtels  may  be  cited  :^Vonre  Swipday  (in  Ihe  "  Lay 

wipday  and  Menglad",  CorfmParl.  BtrtaU,  i,  93),  bonndbyacruelitep- 


476  NOTES, 

motber  to  ride  into  Giant-laad  and  win  the  gianl-guarfed'W 
clutnted  castle,  raises  his  dead  mother  and  obtains  charms  from  ber,  eiuibnDf 
him  to  accomplish  his  task.     With  Swipdny  compare  Ericui  Disertui  in  Scuo 
(see  Rydberg,   Ttuf.  Myth.,  p.   to2),     In  the  same  way,  at  the  son's  adjum- 
tion,  a  Eword  is  handed  out  of  the  tomb  in  the  folk-song  of  Oim  (Sv.  font- 
SDKer,  a,  446-7 ;  Danske  viser,  (,  59,  60-6-7),  ""d  in  n  Fsriie  song  of  Virgar 
[Lyngbye,  p.  369).     Wolfdietrich  constnins  the  dead  longne  o(  his  buried 
father  to  utter  seven  words  (Cod.  Drcsd..  313).     Tlie  child  talks  with  the   . 
mother  at  her  grave  (Rhesa  dainos,  21).     Eulogies  sung  at  the  grave- mouadiJ 
are  menliuned  in  Hallbinin,  p.  S59.  Raising  the  dead  comes  easy  lo  Chiistiutl 
sainls,  but  it  was  more  than  Zeus  could  do  :  tnirMi  imifUkxuhKiiimtt 
Etim,,  649.     "  Linguae  deruncti  dira  carmina   liguo  inRcnIpts  sapponenTJ 
forces  bim  to  speak  (Saxo,  eJ.  M.,  38) ;  see  Grimm,   TtHl.  Jfyli.,  ISI9, 1 
Cf.   Frere,  O.  D.  D..   No.   1.  "  Pnnchkin" ;  Riviire,  CeMisftp.  Ke^ 
p.   67.   "IveB  Deux  Orpbelins" :   Krent(*ald,    Ehilniifkt  Mar.,   No.    IS.d 
RalsloQ,   R.   F.   T..  pp.    159,   159  IT.;  Cosqnin,  ii,  69.      Help  is  oblui 
at   tile  grave  o(  the  dead   mother  in  Nos.   17,    19,   37,   43,  47,  SO,  87,   I 
265.  z66  ;  of  the  help'ul  animal  in  No.  93  ;  of  the  transformed  mo'her  [ 
Nos.  31,  54.  95,  101,  lo;,  1x7  ;  and  of  the  dead  Father  in  Nos.  32S,  34O.  31 
Comp.  Schiefner.  No.  4, 


(P.  144.1  The  itepmolher  is  made  to  eat  her  own  chibJ  in  the  follow  _ 
stories:  Gonzenbach,  Nos.  33,  34,  48,  49;  MnltenhofT,  p.  18;  Pilre,  No^] 
59  i  RiviJite,  Cmtles  JCobylcs,  p.  55  ;  StoLes.  No,  2  ;  Temple,  Legemii  ^ 
tht  Piinjal',  p.  64.     See  also  Nos.  9,  10,  68,  and  69  of  this  collection. 

In  the  "Lay  of  AtU"  Gudrun  slays  her  children,  serves  their  routed 
hearts  lo  Atli  their  father,  telling  him  they  are  calves'  hearts,  and  miiea 
their  blood  with  his  drink  {CBrfui  Poiikiim  Bertalf,  i,  343),  So  the 
murdered  child  is  served  up  to  the  father  in  Grimm's  "Juniper-Tree'' (No.  4|)  1 
andvariants.  Cf.  Henderson,  A'arM/m  Cennlia.  rst  cd.,  p.  314,  ''TheRoii 
Tree"  ;  Magyar  Fotk-lahs.  p.  29S,  "  The  Crow's  Nesl"  i  and  the  v 
from  Holdemess,  jA,  p.  418.  "Oranges  and  I.emons.''  In  a  story  c 
among  the  Turanian  tribes  of  South  Siberia  (cited  by  de  Gubemalis,  Z.  M.,  i. 
139,  ErnmRadlofO  tbe  heio  gives  the  flesh  of  his  own  father  to  his  two  wives  10 
cat.  Compare  the  Cronos  myth.  Tantalus  has  his  son  Pelops  cut  up  and 
boiled,  and  set  before  the  goda.  Demeter  alone  (being  absorbed  in  her  grief) 
eau  of  the  dish. 


(P.  149.)    In  "Jamfrju  Solntaar"  [see  A.  E.  Vang's  Gamlii  Jirgle  ao  R 
ifraa   ValJrii,   Cbrislianin,    1850,  p.   66),    the   hero,  who  is  in  quest  of  ^ 
stolen  princess,   gets  a  magic  horse,  which  says,   "  White  befocc  and  bllcT 
behind !  Nobody  shall  see  where  I  go  !"    The  hero  passes  three  nighla  « 
liiree  friendly  trolls,  and  eveoraatly  carries  olT  the  princess  on  honebMk. 

The  same  formula  occurs  in  Nos.  39,  4I,  46,  47,  $9,  f>\,  63,  64.  65,  77,  % 
70.  8j,  81,  86.  88,  110,  125,  I4fi,  ifi4.  1;;,  26;,  aiH  if'f: 


NOTES.  477 

In  some  of  the  stories  the  heroine  effects  her  escape  by  surrounding  herself 
with  mist.  See  Nos.  57  (soap  and  threads  create  mist),  88,  94,  183  (ashes 
scattered  turn  to  mist),  204,  207,  269  (mist,  rain,  and  wind),  and  281.  In 
No.  38  the  heroine,  and  in  No.  332  the  hero  make  use  of  a  bag  of  mist. 
This  recalls  the  bag  of  the  winds  which  Aeolus  gave  to  Ulysses  in  the  lotli 
Od.  In  Greek  mythology,  the  gods,  to  screen  themselves  from  sight,  shed  a 
mist  around  ;  in  the  same  way  they  protect  their  favourites,  withdrawing  them 
from  the  enemy's  eye.  Comp.  lliad^  3,  381  ;  5,  776  ;  18,  205  :  21,  549,  597. 
It  b  called  ^cp*  KaKitxrtiv^  ii4pa  X""*  ix^^'''  or  f^^os  trri^nv. 

7. 
(P.  152.)    A  magic  tree  springs  from  some  buried  portion  of  the  helpful 
animal  in  Nos.  52,  70,  loi  (from  three  drops  of  sheep's  blood),  102,  227,  228, 
230,  232,  236,  242,  243,  and  249  ;  and  from  the  buried  mother  in  No.  95. 
In  No.  loi  the  sheep,  as  in  No.  102  the  ox,  is  the  mother  transformed.    In 
233  the  bones  of  helpful  animal  laid  on  pear-tree  cause  its  branches  to  be 
decked  with  golden  bells.     (A  house  springs  from  the  buried  ox  in  No.  13.) 
In  a  story  from  Abyssinia  (Reinisch,  Die  Nuba  Sprache^  Vienna,  1879,  I, 
221)  seven  palm-trees  grow  on  the  spot  where  the  girl  buries  the  bones  of 
her  seven  brothers.     The  mother  is  buried  under  a  tree  in  No.  17,  and  help 
is  obtained  at  her  grave.     A  tree  b  planted  on  mother's  grave  in  Nos.  19,  37, 
and  62.     There  b  a  treasure- tree  in  Nos.  13,  36,  38,  42,  47,  49,  52,  58,  61, 
75,  77,  95,  96,  112,  126,  204,  242,  255,  306,  and  in  the  hero-tales  340  and 
341 ;  and  a  wbhing-tree  in  Nos.  47  and  335.     In  No.  123  old  man  draws  a 
tree  which  heroine  must  knock  to  get  dresses,  etc.     In  Nos.  7,  18,  and  295 
the  heroine  plants  magical  trees. 

Cf.  Gipsy 'lore  Journal f  i,  84,  "Tale  of  a  Foolbh  Brother  and  of  a  Won- 
derful Bosh"  ;  Children's  Legends,  No.  lo,  **  The  Hazel  Branch"  (in  Grimm's 
H,   T,),     For  wbhing-trees,  cf.  Dasent,  liv,  and  pp.  42O,  433;    Grimm's 
"Juniper-tree"  ;  and  comp.  the  wbhing-tree  that  bears  clothes,  trinkets,  etc., 
and  wine,  in  MeghadhGta  (ed.  Schiitz,  pp.  25-7),  and  the  five  trees  in  Indra's 
heavenly  paradise  which  grant  every  wish,     in  Somadeva,  2,  84,  we  find  the 
Indian's  Kalpa  Vriksha  (tree  of  wbhes),  or  Manoratha- dayaka  (wbh-giving). 
See  Grimm,  TeuL  Myth.^  872.     In  "  Punchkin",  the  tree  growing  on  mother's 
grave  gives  fruit.     For  speaking- trees,  cf.  Callaway,  Zulu  Folk-tales^  p.  188  ; 
Dasent,  pp.   113,  428,  440;    Day,   Folk-tales  of  Bengal,  p.   281;   Stokes, 
Indian  Fairy  Tales^  p.  202 ;  Theal,  p.  50  (trees  which  laugh) ;  Thorpe,  Yule- 
tide  Stories y  pp.    17,  43>  99>  369,  429;   IVide-Awake  Stones,  179-80,   181-3. 
Comp.   Hiawatha's  appeal  to  forest  trees,  and  the  green  reed's  address  to 
Psyche  (Apiileius).     See  aUo  Grimm's  T,  Af.,  1202,  note.     For  other  magical 
trees,  cf.  Callaway,  pp.  51,  218;  Campbell,  i,  236,  237;  Grey,  Polyn.  Myth., 
I11-114;  Tylor,  Early  Hist.,  p.   356.     Mr.   Frazer,  in  The  Golden  Bough 
(i,  62),  refers  to  the  belief  that  the  souls  of  the  dead  animate  trees.     "The 
Dieyerie  tribe  of  South  Australia  regard  as  very  sacred  certain  trees,  which 
are  supposed  to  be  their  fathers  transformed;  hence  they  will  not  cut  the 
trees  down,  and  protest  against  the  settlers  doing  so.     {Native  Tribes  of  S. 
.-lustralia,  p.  280.)     Some  of  the  Philippine  Ulandeis  believe  that  the  5oub 


478  NOTES. 

of  iKeir  forafaihwj  are  in  cerl«in  trees,  whicli  ihey  Ihererote 

[Afiflhriluitiim  der  lintnrr  Ccep:  Gi^il!icha/r,  1882,  p.  ifij  itg.)  In  an 
Amamite  story  ui  old  Ssheraum  makea  an  incision  in  the  tronk  of  a  Uec 
which  has  drifted  aAiOte  ;  but  bloud  flaws  from  tbe  cut,  and  it  appeals  that 
An  empresj  and  her  three  daughtets,  whu  liad  been  risE  into  the  aea,  are  em- 
bodied in  the  tree.  (Landcs,  Canits  el  ligindes  Amtamiia,  No.  g. }  The 
Blory  of  Polydorus  will  occur  to  readers  of  Vugil."  Cumpaie  N0S.6S,  69^ 
•nd  131,  in  which  tlie  iieioine  is  for  a  time  embodied  in 

The  Langobards  worshipped  the  so-called  blood-lrte  or  holy-tra,  and  S) 
Baibaius  preached  in  vain  against  the  practice.  \Acta  SoHitfr.,  Dnder  Ft 
igtli,  p.  139.)  Barbatua  was  born  (.  602,  died  i.  683.  See  Grimm, 
6jo  S.,  and  1480,  upon  this  subject,  and  upon  the  reneration  of  certain  tree*. 
A  yount[  willow  planted  in  the  moulb  of  a  dead  foal  or  calf  most  never  be 
lopped  or  polled.  (Slendal  in  Allmark.  altg.  a«i.  dtr  Dtut.,  iSll,  No.  306; 
cf.  MfillenhoS'.  No.  317.)  A  man  in  Sudermaoia  was  od  the  point  of  cattioE 
down  a  juniper-tree,  disregarding  the  warning  voice  which  bade  him  deiisl. 
At  the  second  stroke  blood  flowed  from  the  root,  and  the  hewer  went  home 
and  fell  ill  (Afzelius,  2,  147).  An  Austrian  maichen  (Ziska,  38-41)  tell*  of 
the  stalely  fir  in  which  there  sits  a  fay  waited  on  by  dwaife,  rewarding  the 
innocent  and  plaguing  the  guilty ;  and  a  Servian  long  of  the  maiden  in  the 
pine.  A  holy  oak  grows  out  of  the  mouth  of  a  slain  king  (Harryt,  1, 
No.  55). 

In  Zlii&r  iirlmiomasci  do  anlrafBhgji  k'raj'ruifj,  Cracow,  1877-91,  vol.  viii, 
pp.  192-293,  the  following  story  is  related  as  explanation  of  the  belief  attach- 
ing to  the  lime-tree,  which  is  said  never  to  be  struck  by  lightning.  Step- 
mother has  stepdaughter  who  minds  the  cattle  and  wears  a  cloak  nude  of 
pigs'  skins,  because  stepmother  will  give  het  nothing  better.  She  alw«y» 
prays  before  a  lime-tree.  On  one  occasion  the  holy  Virgin  comes  out  of  the 
tree  and  aski  what  her  cloak  is  made  of;  feels  pity  for  her,  takci  ofT  her  own 
dress  and  gives  it  her  instead  of  pig-skins.  (Taken  down  in  1SS3  by  Mme. 
S.  Ulanowska  in  the  village  of  Lukowek,  near  to  Garwolin,  government  of 
Siedlce.)  In  No.  15,  heroine  obtains  help  from  the  lime-tree  queenj  to 
No.  57,  from  the  iady  in  the  lir-ltee  (probably  the  Virgin) ;  and  in  No.  58, 
from  the  Virgin  in  the  hollow  oak-tree.  An  old  won 
lime-tree  in  No.  77. 


i 


(P.   IS*.)    For  "substituted   bride",   see  Arnason,  p- 443.      Asbjorni 
Tatts  fram  tkt  Fjdd,  p.   156.     fiuchon,  La  Grici  tonlmtntale,  tb.,  p.  36j3 
Busk,  F.'L.  R.,  p.  I,  "  Filagranala,"  Nos.  i,  3;    and  "Palombetta,"  p.  ufl 
p.  40,  "The  King  who  goci  out  to  dinner."   Callaway,  Zulu  Tula,  p.  I 
"  Ukcombekcaotsini."    Campbell,  iv,   Z94.     Chambers,   95,  99.     Chodik 
p.  315.    Cos<[uin,   i,   233;   ii,   4.1.   249-     Crane,   58,  33S.    Duent, 
Lnssie  and  her  tJodmother",  and  "  Bushy  Bride".      Denton,  p.  igi. 
Uri  Re,;,  iii,    146.     Folt-lurt  feamai,    i,    211  ;   ii,   241 ;   iii,  292, 
ir»/^iie£»<n/r''.  "Kaccis-fedne."    Geldart,  p,  63,  "The  Knife  of  Slanghtee 
Getle,  fW*)iwart*«  Ar5Mwn«,  No.  5,  "DiegoldtwEnte."    G 


NOTES.  479 

Nos.  13,  33.  Grimm,  note  to  No.  21,  and  Nos.  13,  89,  135, 198.  Gubernatis, 
i,  218  ;  ii,  p.  242.  Sto,  SU/ano,  No.  13.  Hylten-Cavallios,  Svenska  Folk 
Sagor^  No.  7.  Kletke,  Mdrchensaal^  i,  167.  Legrand,  p.  140.  Luzel, 
Ugendes^  ii,  303.  Hahn,  No.  28.  Magyar  Folk-taUst  pp.  133,  214,  222. 
Maspons  y  Labros,  Lo  RondcUlayre,  iii,  114,  149.  Milusim^  1877,  col.  421. 
Notes  and  Queries ^  7th  Series,  ii,  104.  PentamerofUy  **  The  Three  Citrons." 
Pedroso,  Portuguese  Folk-tales^  **  The  Maid  and  the  Negress."  Pitre,  No. 
62.  Ralston,  p.  184,  and  No.  32.  Revue  Celtique^  1870,  p.  373,  **  Chat 
Noir."  Rink,  Eskimo  Tales ^  p.  310.  Riviere,  Contes  Kabyles,  p.  51. 
Steere,  Swahili  Tales ^  p.  398.  Stokes,  Ind,  Fairy  Tales j  pp.  xxiii,  xxv,  i,  3, 
138,  143,  164,  284,  285.  Theal,  Kaffir  Folk-lore^  pp.  136,  158.  Thorpe, 
Yule-tide  Stofies,  pp.  47,  54,  61,  62.  Webster,  pp.  187,  190.  Wenzig, 
Westslavisckcr  Marchenschatz^  p.  45. 

See  also  Nos.  8,  10,  29  (69),  95,  loi,  102,  187,  228,  231,  233,  242,  243, 
and  244. 


(P.  153.)  Dead  or  transformed  mother  comes  to  suckle  child.  Cf.  Altd. 
Blatter^  i,  186.  Amason,  "  The  Troll  in  the  Stone-craft,"  p.  449.  Cosquin, 
],  232,  234.  Danske  Fiser,  i,  206-208.  Grimm,  Nos.  11,  13.  Monseur, 
Folklore  Walton  (1892),  48  ff.,  **  La  BeUc  et  la  Laide."  Ralston,  R.  F,  T, 
p.  19,  "  The  Dead  Mother."  Scott,  The  Minstrelsy  of  the  Scottish  Borders ^ 
ii,  223.  Theal,  Kaffir  Folk-lore^  pp.  60-1.  Tylor,  Prim,  CuU,^  i,  411. 
Compare  Melosina. 

See  also  Nos.  95,  loi,  228,  235,  242,  243  of  this  collection. 

The  following  extract  bears  upon  the  subject : — 

U.  Jahn,  Volkssagen  aus  Pommem  und  RUgen.     Stettin,  1886.     P.  407. 

In  the  time  of  the  French  occupation  a  girl  followed  her  lover,  a  French 
soldier,  from  Mellin  to  Steitin,  and  soon  afterwards  returned  to  Mellin,  and 
died  giving  birth  to  a  son.  One  evening,  when  the  mother  of  the  deceased 
was  sitting  by  the  child's  cradle,  she  noticed  that  it  had  become  unwontedly 
heavy,  and  heard  a  sound  as  though  the  child  were  sucking.  Then  she 
knew  that  the  dead  mother  had  come  back  to  quiet  her  child.  (From 
Mesow,  in  the  district  of  Regenwald.  Communicated  through  Professor  £. 
Kuhn.) 

10. 

(P.  159.)  Gregory  of  Tours  (sixth  century)  gives  a  story  of  Fredegonde, 
the  wife  of  Chilp^iic,  who  tries  to  kill  their  daughter  Rigonthe  by  shutting 
a  coffer  on  her  head,  having  pretended  to  give  her  treasures  out  of  it. 
Servants  come  to  her  cries,  and  she  is  saved.  In  the  Edda,  Weyland  kills  the 
two  sons  of  Nidad  in  the  same  way.  In  the  Icelandic  story  of  '*  Surtla  in 
Blueland  Isles**,  the  stepmother  induces  the  two  children  to  lean  over  the 
edge  of  the  chest  to  see  what  glitters  inside,  and  then  tumbles  them  into  it, 
and  shuts  down  the  lid  (Amason,  p.  320). 

Compare  Gonzenbach,  No.  32  ;  Grimm's  *' Juniper-Tree",  No.  47  ;  Hahn's 
**  Schneewittchen",  No.  103 ;  Zingerle,  No.  12. 


(p.  160.)    The 


cross  [he  stream  till  he  reiiieaibert  to  fotltl 


the  kitchen -miiiiB  wish,  in  "  L«  SchiavoUclln"  {r,;U.,  2nd  Day,  8th  Tale). 

See  aUo  Nos.  6  (horse  will  not  stir),  2  j,  295,  of  this  collection. 

The  choice  of  gifts  occurs  in  the  fotlowing  iiorics :  3,  6,  19,  33,  37,  46  (not 
from  Eaiber),  51,  55,  62,  74,  SS.  tij,  124.  144,  26S,  295,  310.  See  also 
Asbjomsen,  Jye/J,  p.  353;  Bask,  F.-L.  A.,  pp.  46,  57,  63,  115;  CompKretU, 
Na  64;  Cosqain,  ii,  21  j  ;  Codho,  No.  29;  Gonzcnbicb,  No.  9; 
■Saggio,  p.  189 !  Grimm,  No,  SB,  and  ii.  378  ;  Gubernuis.  Z.  Jif..  ii,  381 J 
Pitt^  No.  39;  Schmidt,  No.  10;  Schneller,  No.  25;  Stakes,  No.  25,  pp.  11 
292  ;  Ttippen,  p.  142  :  Viseotini,  No.  24  ;  Webster,  p,  [67  ;  Zingerle, 
and  in  other  stories  of  ''  Beauty  and  ibe  liea^l"  type. 


(r.   i6j.)     Kor  "star  on  brow",  c(.   D'Aulnoy,   "Belle  EtoUe' 
Conlei  agciiais,  p.  149  ;  Cosquin,  1,  1 86  (heroine  bas  gold  star  on  bet  chest) 
Crane,    pp.    18,   101  1    Day,   Falk-laUs  of  Bengal,    pp.  236  ff.,  842  ;    Frere, 
0.  D.  D.,  ■/&  tr.,  136,  140,  2$5  i  GoDienbach,  No.  5 ;   Grimm,  Nos.  9,  96 
Gifsy-hre  Jounial,  iii,  83 ;  M/hisiHc,  1877,  col.  206,  ZI4  ;  Romi 
Stokes,  pp.  t  ff.,  119,  "The  Boy  who  bad  a  Moon  on  his  Forebead  and 
Srar  onbisChin,"  158R.  :  Slraparola,  No.   3 ;  Websicr,  pp.  54,  60 ; 
Awaki  Slories,  p.  310.    See  also  Nos.  21,  131,  174,  I94,  20l  (fold 
202,229,  232,  237,  240,  241,  24;,  247,  339,  365  of  tbis  collection.    (Compare 
Pedroso,  No.  IV,  "The  MsidenwilhlheKoseon bet  Forehead.") 

The  Dioscuri  bad  a  star  or  flame  shining  on  Iheir  heads  and  belmeta. 
Figures  of  Gteek  divinities  showa  circle  of  rays  and  a  nimbus  round  the  head. 
Apis  is  rep[es-;nted  as  a  bull,  with  a  itar  above  his  head,  on  the  brass  coins  of 
Juliui  Ibe  Aposlule.  Od  coins  of  Tyre  and  Sidon  Astarte  is  figured  with  a 
radiated  head.  A  bust  on  a  Saxon  iiialla  (uoappropriated)  appears  Id  have 
a  star  on  the  forehead.  On  Indo-Gtccian  coins  Mithras  has  commonly  a 
circular  nimbus  with  pointed  rays ;  in  other  reptesentationi  Ibe  rays  are 
wonting.  Mao  (deus  Lunus)  has  a  hall-mooa  behind  his  shoulders;  .-I^sculapins, 
too,  bad  rays  about  bis  head,  iirrpariit  tISir  inkdiuliaetii'  iwi  tvv  nuMi 
(Asklepiot),  Paos.  ,ii,  26,  4.  Compare  the  aureoles  of  Christ,  the  Virgin,  and 
Cbrislian  satnis,  and  the  crowns  and  diadems  of  kings.  Sec  GrimiD,  Trcut. 
Myth.,  323.  A  ring  of  stars  was  put  round  the  head  of  Thor  (Stephi 
ad  Saxon.  Gram.,  p.  139).  According  to  a  story  told  io  (he  Caliin  rtilerJ, 
beam  came  out  of  Charles  the  Great's  moutli  and  illumined  bis  bead, 
Slavic  idols,  especially  Penin,  Podaga,  and  Nemis,  have  rays  aboi 
heads  i  and  a  bead  in  Hagenow,  fig.  6,  12,  is  encircled  with  rays,  so 
the  nine  "  R"  when  it  stands  for  Radegast. 

In  illustration  of  a  recently -practiced  custom  of  adorning  the  face  of  a  btide 
wiib  stars,  I  quote  the  following  from  a  paper  by  "Adalet",  on  "  Turkish 
Marriages,  viewed  from  a  Harem",  which  appeared  in  Niiutrcnlh  CiHtury, 
July.  1892  : — "  Till  some  time  ago  a  very  strange  addition  was  made  to  the 
Turkish  bride's  dresi—fuui  diamonds  chased  in  gold  being  stuck  on  her  clieekt, 


NOTES.  481 

forehead,  and  chin,  by  a  sort  of  gam,  which  held  them  there  for  some  time. 
The  writer  once  saw  a  bride  thus  dressed,  but  now  the  custom  has  become 
obsolete,  or  is  confined  to  the  lower  classes." 

The  story  on  p.  163,  like  Nos.  I,  2,  5,  8,  21,60. 89,  90,  118,  119,  237,  239, 
240,  241,  245,  247,  300,  301  of  this  collection,  is  allied  to  the  type  represented 
in  Grimm's  *•  Mother  Holle*\  and  Perrault*s  **  Les  F^es",  in  which  the  heroine 
is  rewarded  for  industiy  or  kind  services,  whilst  her  sister  or  stepsister  is 
punished  for  churlishness  or  greed.  Cf.  also  the  following: — American 
F.'L,  Journal^  i,  144;  Bechstein,  pp.  63-66,  "  Die  Gold maria  und  die  Pech- 
maria"  ;  Ben'ey,  Pant.,  i,  219;  Blade,  Conies  agenais,  p.  149;  Callaway, 
Z.  T,,  p.  219 ;  Chodzko,  p.  315  ;  Clouston,  Pop.  Tales  and  Fictions,  i,  105, 
366  ;  Coelbo,  No.  36 ;  Cosquin,  No.  48,  and  notes  ;  Crane,  p.  100  (and  for 
other  Italian  versions,  p.  346);  Dasent,  113,  322;  Finamore,  pp.  65-9, 
No.  XV,  "  Fiore  e  Cambedefiore"  ;  F.-L.  Journal,  i,  282  ff.  ;  Grimm,  Nos.  13. 
I5i  24,  36,  40,  47,  56,  64,  and  see  i,  369-70 ;  Henderson,  Northern  Counties* 
p.  349 ;  Karajich,  No.  36  ;  Laodes,  No.  72 ;  Milusine,  i,  col.  43  ;  Monseur, 
Folklore  Wallon,  p.  48  ;  Nat,  Rev.,  1857,  v,  398,  399  (story  of  Fo) ;  Prohle, 
ii,  No.  5  ;  Romania,  No.  32,  p.  564  ;  Sagas  from  the  Far  East,  p.  15 1  » 
Schambach  und  MUller,  Niedersdchsischc  Sag.  u.  Mar.,  No.  ii,  pp.  276-8  ; 
Sutermeister,  pp.  7-10  ;  Theal,  Kaffir  F.-L.,  p.  49  ;  Vernaleken,  pp.  155-167. 

The  heroine  is  generally  requited  with  gold.     See  note  51. 

13- 

(P.  171.)  In  the  story  of  **Sigurdr,  the  King's  Son",  the  princess  gives 
precious  articles  to  the  bride  for  the  privilege  of  sleeping  with  the  prince,  who, 
on  the  third  night,  throws  away  the  sleeping-draught,  and  hears  the  princess 
recount  her  sorrows  and  sufferings  on  his  account,  and  her  despairing  search 
for  him.  (Amason,  Icelandic  Legends,  p.  278.)  The  same  iocidents  occur  in 
"  The  Singing.  Soaring  Lark"  (Grimm,  No.  88),  in  "The  Two  Kings*  Child- 
ren" (No.  113),  in  "The  Iron  Stove"  (No.  127).  and  in  "The  Drummei" 
(No.  193) ;  also  in  Dasent's  "  East  o*  the  Sun  and  West  o'  the  Moon"  ;  in  the 
Athenian  folk-tale  of  *'The  Man  made  of  Sugar",  collected  by  M.  Kam- 
pourales,  and  published  in  Transactions  of  the  Historical  and  Ethnological 
Society  of  Greece,  Athens,  1883  (ssc  Folk-lore  Journal,  ii,  237) ;  in  the  Chilian 
story  of  "Prince  Jalma"  {Folk-lore  Journal,  iii,  293)  ;  and  in  de  Gubematis, 
S,  Stefano,  No.  14.  A  sleeping-draught  b  given  to  the  prince  in  the  '*  Story 
of  the  Enchanted  Youth"  (Payne,  i,  59) ;  see  also  Benfey,  Pant.,  i,  255. 
Compare  "  L'Oiseau  Bleu"  of  Mme.  d*Aulnoy,  and  see  Campbell,  iv,  294. 

The  following  story  has  the  bribes  and  sleeping-draught  incidents,  as  well 
as  the  washing  task  ;  and  has  other  points  of  resemblance  with  Cinderella 
tales : — 

Robert  Chambers,  Popular  Rhymes  of  Scotland,     1870.    Pp.  95-99. 

**  The  Black  Bull  of  Norroway." 

Heroine  rides  on  back  of  bull,  eats  out  of  its  "  right  lug",  drinks  out  of  its 
"  left  lug",  and  sets  by  her  leavings.  Bull  fights  the  devil  till  all  is  blue. 
Heroine,  overjoyed  at  bull's  victory,  inadvertently  moves  one  foot,  forgetting 

I  I 


injanction  not  to  stir,  snd  the  bull 
Heroine  comes  10  foot  of  glass  hill ;  s( 
get  aim  shoon.  In  rlieae  she  climbs  li 
wife,  wbo  lells  the  ynuaglcnight  hfr  el 


n  consequence  cinliol  find  faer  a£Ull. 
:ves  a  Mnith  for  seven  ywr*.  so  a*  to 

ill,  washes  Ibe  blaldy  aiki  for  wiuhet- 
letit  daughrer  has  waslied  Ihem,  and  be 
ine  bribes  hiic  bride  wilh  jewels  found  J 


in  magic  ftuils,  and  passes  three  nights  in  bridegroom's  room.  On  the  ifaudi 
night  he  pours  away  the  ileeping-diaughl  that  the  washerwife  had  given,  iln4'l 
hears  hefolne's  song.     W><iherwife  and  daughter  are  bi 

In  "The  Red  Bull  of  Norroway",  pp.  99-:oi,  a  variant  of  the  above,  tbtraJ 
is  nu  ma^ic  food -suji  ply.  After  travelling  on  (he  bull's  buck  lliiough  many  J 
dreadful  foresis,  and  arriving  at  a  noble  caslte,  heroine  draws  a  pin  from  bull'*- 
hide,  transforming  bim  to  handsome  princr,  whodisappeirs  suddenly.  HirMne.l 
Ids  out  in  quest  of  him.  suffen  many  hardships,  gets  three  magic  nals  from  ] 
an  old  wific,  and  eventually  using  them  ai  bribes,  as  in  the  foregoing  stor^.  ih 
marries  the  Dnke  of  Norroway,  whom  she  has  a  second  time  delivered. 

There  is  a  beautiful  Cupid  and  Psyche  story  about  a  monkejr-'nced  princ 
in  Fleury's  LiWnilure  oraU  di  la  Bfsii-Noi-manJic  (     ague  el  Val-de-S«ire),  \ 
Paris,  iSSj,  pp.  I35-50,     It  may  be  cited  here  as  a  variant  of  Ni 
"  Lb,  Pays  des  Mak(;riettks"  (Marguerites). 

Hrince  will  lose  his  monkeyface  lifleen  days  after  his  marriagp.      He  is  to 
choose  a  wife  for  himself,  but  will  have  none  of  all  thote  who  by  Iheir  manner 
seem  to  despise  him,  and  chooses  a  little  peasant  girl.     Sbe  drops  some  hot 
grease  on  him,  while  admiring  his  beaoly,  for  al  night  be  has  a  lovely  face ;  J 
and  he  is  doomed  lo  leave  her  ;  sDch  is  the  spell.      She  sets  out  in  search  of  J 
him,  wanders  far,  and  at  length  reaches  the  Castle  of  the  Daisies,  where  her  1 
husband  \i  about  lo  wed  the  young  ch&reltine.     Heroine  changes  dresses  with 
a  shepherdess,  and  gels  employed  at  the  castle  as  turnspit.     She  peels  Ibe  three 
chestnuts  given  her  by  an  old  woman  she  met  tn  rnuU,  and  Ihey  are  tram- 
formed  into  golden  spinning-wheel,  golden  distaff,  and  golden  tpindlr ,     With 
these  she  bribes  the  cbiielaine,  and  sleeps  three  nights  wiih  prince,  her  owrn  J 
huiband.     The  first  two  nights  he  has  sleeping-draught  adminbtered  by  chile-  | 
laine's  mother ;  on  the  third  night  he  throws  it  away,  and  reci^nises  his 
wife.      On  the  morrow,  when  all  assemble  for  Ibe  wedding  of  prince  and  chile-  I 
Inine,  he  relates  a  strange  thing  that  has  happened  lo  him.      lie  had  kitt  ihc  \ 
key  which  opened  his  sccretaiy,  had  a  new  one  made,  then  fonnd  the  original,   I 
Which  key  ought  he  henceforth  to  use?    All  say  "the  original''.    Then  Iw  I 
will  follow  their  advice  ;  and  he  shows  the  turnspit,  whom  he  lost,  Ihen  fouad  I 
again,  and  whom  he  will  reinstate,  being  ijuidcd  by  their  counsel. 

(Told  by  Moiher  Georges,  who  did  not  know  wliy  ilie  castle  U  caUod  ■■ 
Maigrielles''  ox  fAijui rills s  reugcs.) 

There  are  points  o<  iCMmblance  also  in  the  following  :— 
S.  CHBt,cil0WSKI,  romit'ui i efiowiailania  luJame  b  okalU  Pnamyaa  (Contel  I 

et  legendes  du  peuple  des  environs  de  Prxasnyu  [government  of  Plock]].  I 

Warsaw,  1889,     Vol.  i.  pp.  138-55. 

"O  Kaklikib"  (Hiilory  of  Caroline). 

Heroine  delivers  king's  son  from  the  hands  of  ibe  devil  la  sa-j  long  stoty). 


NOTES.  483 

King's  son  wants  to  marry  her,  bnt  queen-motber,  by  means  of  cbarms,  destroys 
his  memory,  and  would  marry  him  to  another.  Heioine,  who  is  called  Caro- 
line, tries  to  prevent  this  marriage  ;  she  possesses  dresses  like  the  moon,  the 
stars,  etc.,  but  each  time  she  comes  to  the  castle  they  give  ptince  a  sleeping- 
draught.  Counselled  by  an  old  woman,  who  is  a  fairy,  heroine  dons  guise  of 
beggar,  and  writes  a  letter  to  Charles,  who  reccgobes  her,  and  returns  to  her. 
A  sleeping-draught  is  administered  to  the  heroine  by  her  stepsisters  in  No. 
119,  and  to  the  unnatural  father  in  No.  200,  when,  disguised  as  a  merchant,  he 
comes  to  murder  heroine's  children.  The  bribes  and  sleeping-draught  occur 
also  in  No.  191.  A  sleep-bramble  b  used  in  one  Icelandic  tale  ;  a  sleep-thorn 
in  another  ( Amason,  pp.  41 1,  441).  Odin  sticks  the  thorn  in  Brunhild's  gar- 
ment only,  and  throws  her  into  a  sleep.  '*Dorn-ioschen"  is  sent  to  sleep  by 
the  prick  of  the  spindle.  There  b  a  "pin  of  slumber"  in  Hyde's  Beside  the 
Fire,  p.  39. 

14- 

(P.  174.)  For  the  same  reason  Isota  the  Black  makes  Isol  take  her  place 
in  the  Icelandic  variant,  "Tistram,  and  Isol  the  Bright"  (Amason,  p.  251)  ; 
such  is  the  case  also  in  Nos.  283,  289,  290,  291.  In  the  remaining  stories  of 
this  type  the  bride  has  various  motives  for  not  attending  the  marriage  ceremony : 
in  No.  284  she  is  afraid  to  ride  a  res'ive  horse  ;  in  No.  292  the  wedding- 
dress  does  not  fit  her  ;  in  Nos.  293  and  303  she  is  in  love  with  someone  else ; 
in  No.  294  she  is  shy  of  her  ugliness ;  in  No.  299  the  bride  b  a  sorceress, 
therefore  cannot  enter  a  church ;  and  in  No.  302  she  is  ill. 

See  note  31. 

15. 

(P.  178.)  Miss  Busk  refers  to  another  stepmother  story.  Widower  has  boy 
and  girl :  their  teacher  insbts  on  marrying  him.  She  turns  children  out ;  boy 
is  made  slave  of  a  witch,  and  comes  at  last  out  of  many  adventures.  Girl  gets 
taken  into  brig  nd's  cave,  and  goes  through  adventures,  one  of  which  being 
that  the  witch  gives  her  the  appearance  of  death,  and  shuts  her  up  in  a  box. 
Hunting  prince  finds  her  and  the  means  of  restoring  her,  and  marries  her. 

The  wonder-working  cow  may  find  its  prototype  in  Sabala,  the  heavenly 
cow  of  the  Ramayaiui  (see  Sagas  from  the  Far  East^  pp.  402-3  ;  Busk,  F.  -Z.  R,^ 

p.  38). 

16. 

(P.  186.)  In  No.  58  (Kolberg)  the  stepmother  inquires  of  her  mirror  who 
is  fairest ;  in  No.  155  (Corazzini)  she  asks  the  sun.  Compare  similar  incidents 
in  Arnason,  p.  403,  "  The  Story  of  Vilfridr  Fairer- than- Vala"  ;  Celtic  Mag,^ 
xiii,  p.  213,  "  Gold -tree  and  Silver- tree"  ;  Glinski,  i,  149;  Gonzenbach,  ii, 
206;  Grimm,  No.  53,  '*  Little  Snow-White*',  and  variants,  i,  406;  Hahn, 
No.  103  ;  Maurer,  p.  280 ;  Mila,  p.  184  ;  Pedroso,  Portuguese  F,  Tales, 
No.  I,  "The  Vain  Queen'* ;  Schneller,  No.  23  ;  Schott,  No.  5  ;  Wolf,  p.  46. 
See  Mr.  Nutt's  paper  on  *■*'  The  Lai  of  Eliduc  and  the  Marchen  of  Little  Snow- 
White",  Folk-Lore,  iu,  pp.  26  ff. 

In  No.  286  heroine's  corpse  corner  into  the  prince's  poiseiston,  as  in  No. 

I  I  2 


484  NOTES. 

231,  and  is  resuscitated  in  a  similar  manner.  Compare  Miss  Busk's  story 
cited  in  the  preceding  note.  References  to  the  very  numerous  instances  of 
resuscitations  in  folk-tales  are  not  added  here,  as  the  incident  occurs  but  rarely 
in  stories  belonging  to  the  Cinderella  group. 

17. 

(P.  187.)  In  the  following  stories  a  pin  stuck  in  the  head  causes  transfor- 
mation into  a  bird  :  Buchon,  La  Grhe  ContinentaU  et  la  AforUy  p.  263  ;  Bu5k, 
F,-L.  R.,  Nos.  2,  3;  Cosquin,  ii,  358;  Crane,  p.  341  ;  Deulin,  ii,  191  ff.  ; 
Fmamore  [Abbruz,)^  No.  50;  F.-L,  /ourttal,  iii,  290,  **The  Black  Woman 
and  the  Turtle  Dove"  (Chilian  Pop.  Tale)  ;  vi,  199,  "The  Three  Lemons" 
(Hungarian  tale);  Legrand,  p.  140  (  =  Buchon);  Luzel,  Ugcfidcs^  ii,  303; 
Riviere,  p.  53;  Stokes,  No.  2;  La  Tradition^  iii,  12,  366.  In  an  Abyssinian 
tale  (Reinische,  Die  Nuba  Sprachc,  Vienna,  1879,  i,  221),  a  magician  plunges 
enchanted  needles  into  the  heads  of  seven  brothers,  transforming  them  to 
bulls.  When  the  pin  is  withdrawn  from  the  bull's  hide,  in  **  The  Red  Bull  of 
Norroway",  he  becomes  a  handsome  prince. 

In  No.  17  the  old  woman  transforms  the  heroine  into  a  bird  whilst  dressing 
her  hair. 

18. 

(P.  191.)  For  incident  of  "Forbidden  Chamber",  d.  Amason,  pp.  503, 
534;  Asbjornsen,  i,  86;  Busk,  F,-L,  R.^  "The  Dark  King,"  \\  100; 
Campbell,  i,  265-275,  No.  41  ;  Cosquin,  i,  133  ff.  ;  Dasent,  "  The  Lassie 
and  her  Godmother,"  p.  189,  "The  Widow's  Son,"  p.  31 1  (3rd  ed.)  ; 
F.-L.  Rec.^  iv,  152;  F.-L.  Journal^  iii,  193-242  (Harlland  on  "Forbidden 
Chimber")  ;  ibid.^  v,  1 12-124  (Kirby  011  "  Forbidden  Doors  of  the  Thousand 
and  One  N'ghts") ;  Gcnnania^  1870,  No.  6 ;  Grimm,  Nos.  3,  6,  46,  and  see 
1,364,  ii,  509;  Gypsy- lore  Journal,  i,  26  (Koumanian  laic);  llahn,  ii,  197, 
and  Nos.  15,  45,  68;  Katha-saritsas^ara,  iii,  223;  Ling,  Im,  Mythologic, 
Paris,  1886;  Minacf,  Iftdiiskia  Skaski  y  Lei^emiyy  No.  46:  rtutamcroiWy 
No.  36 ;  Prym  and  Socin,  No.  58  ;  R  iNton,  98- 100 ;  Roumanian  Faity-  laics, 
p.  27 :  Schneller,  No.  20 ;  Stokes,  No.  24  ;  Tuscan  Fairy  Talcs,  No.  7 
(tabulated  in  F.-L.  J.,  li,  186);  VViiic- Awake  Stories,  p.  14;  Wolf,  Deutsche 
H aits nidrc hen.  No.  19.  "  Blue- Beard"  and  variants.  Compare  Psyihe's 
curiosity  in  opening  the  pyx. 

See  No.  297  of  this  collection. 

19- 
(P.  192.)  Wiih  ihe  7uishing-box  in  No>.  34,  224,  and  279,  compare  the 
wishing-pipe  in  No«.  114  and  117,  \\it  wishing  dresses  \\\^^^^.  1 10  and  160, 
the  ring  in  No.  190,  the  ball  \n  No.  197,  \hc  s7vord  \u  No.  268,  the  ^cishing- 
eggs  in  No.  309,  the  wishing-bell  in  N.».  324.  the  magic  whips  in  No.  326, 
the  talismans  in  No.  328,  an  i  the  laurel,  which  grants  every  wish,  in  No. 335. 
Similar  talismans  are  found  in  the  following  stones  :  .-////.  F.-L.  Journal,  iii, 
270;  Busk.  F.-L.  R.,  pp.  3i»  i46-54»  129,  131  (horn),  143  (wand),  152 
(ring),  160  ff.  (lantern) ;  Campbell,  ii,  293  303  ;  Clouston,  i,  314  ff.,  *'  Alad- 
din's   Wonderful   Lamp";    Cosquin,    i,    121,    "La   Bourse,   le  Sifflet,  et  le 


NOTES.  485 

Chapeau/'  and  variants  ;  if,  1-8,  *'  L*Homme  de  Fer,"  and  variants  (candle) ; 
ii,   80  (sabre) ;     284  (violin) ;  307,   "  La  Baguette  Merveilleuse"  ;   Dasent, 
**  Three  Princesses  of  Whiteland"  (ring),  p.  184;  Soria  Moria  Castle,"  p.  402; 
Dozon,   No.    II;    Folk-lore   Rec,  iv,    142,   Portuguese  story  (devil's  ear) ; 
F.'L.Jourftal,  ii,  240,  Mod.  Gr.  story,  **The  Enchanted  Lake"  (gold  and 
silver  rods) ;  1^.,  vii,  307  ff.,  Indo- Burmese  story  (ring)  ;  Gesta  Rom.,  "  Prince 
Jonathan";  Gonzenbach,  Nos.  30,   31,  32;  Grimm,   No.    116,    **  The  Blue 
Light";  No.   122,   "Donkey  Cabbages'*  (cloak);   Groome,  /n  Gypsy  TentSy 
p.  201,  **  Jack  and  his  Golden  Snuff  box"  ;  Hahn,  variant  of  No.  9  ;  Kennedy, 
Fireside  Stories,  p.  67  ;   Fictions  of  the  Irish  Celts,  p.  49  ;    Mabipwgion,  p.  419 
(wand) ;  Maclnnes,  p.   347  (rod) ;  Maspons,  Rondallayre,  iii,  p.   58 ;  Pitr^, 
Nos.  26,  28  ;  Piohle,  i,  No.  27  (purse,  trumpet,  hat,  and  mantle);  Ralston, 
p.  too ;  Sagas  from  Far  East,  pp.  58,  133;  S^billor,  Haute  Bret.,  \,  Nos.  5, 
29 ;  Sparks,  The  Decisions  of  Princess  7 hoodhamma  Tsari  (Burmese  Buddhist 
Aladdin) ;  Steere,  Swahili  Tales,  p.  393,  No.  13  (ring) ;  Sickes,  No.  23, "  The 
Princess  who  loved  her  Father  like  Salt"  (sun-jewel  box  containing  seven  little 
fairies),  and  No.  25  ;  Symington,  Sketches  of  Faroe  attd  Iceland,  p.  225,  "  The 
Goblin's  Whistle"  ;  Theal,  p.  77,  and  >ee  p.  45 ;  Vemaleken,  pp.  62,  80 ; 
Webster,  94  icx),  197  ;  Wide- Awake  Stories,  i9o(t>ox);  Wolf,  p.  16;  Zingerle, 
ii,  142.     Compaie  the  tarn-cap,  Wish's  or  Wuotan's  hat.  Pluto's  or  Orcus's 
helmet  ("A^Bos  Kwii\,  II.,  5,  845  ;  Hesiod,  Scut.,  zzy) ;  the  fairy-purse  of  For- 
tunatus,  and  other  wishinggear.     For  wishing  -purse,  -rod,  -cloth,  etc.,  see 
Grimm,  Teut.  Myth,,  871,  976,  and  see  142  ff.  on  the  personification  of  Wish. 
Volund's  arm-ring  brings  wealth  (see  Rydberg,  Teut.  Myth.,  432).     With  the 
magic  wand,  which  occurs  in  Nos.  i,  20,  21,  22,  27,  47,  55,  74,  89,  91,  96,  103, 
106,  107,  108,  (109),  120,  122,  124,  137,  146,  165,  184,  185,  208,  209,  230,232, 
233,  238,  250,  252,  253,  265,  269,  281,  compare  the  caduceus  of  Hermes  ;  the 
rod  of  Moses ;  also  rods  used  in  divination  (on  which  see  Grimm,  T.  M.,  975, 
1 598).     (Elisha's  staff  was  believed,  apparently,  to  possess  miraculous  virtue, 
though  it  proved  inoperative  in  the  hands  of  his  servant.     2  Kings,  iv,  29  sq. ) 
There  is  a  story  of  a  wishing-staff  which  St.  Columban  gave  away  to  a  poor 
man,  and  which  he  smashed  at  the  bidding  of  his  wife  (Adamanni   Scoti, 
Vita  S.  Columbae,  cap.  24).     The  gods  have  a  golden  staff  with  which  they 
touch  and  transform  :  XP^*^^  ^dfiS^  ivtudaaar*  *AHni  {Od,  16.  172,  456;  13. 
429).     Circe  strikes  with  her  staff  {Od.,  10.  238).     Skimi  threatens  with  a 
magic  wand   ("Lay  of  Skimi,"   C.  P.  B.,\,  in).     Shiva  has  a  miraculous 
bow,  so  has  Indra,  according  to  the  Vedas.     Apollo's  bow  carries  plague  : 
cf.  Odin's  spear,  Gdngnir,  the  hurling  of  which  brings  victory ;  and  Thor's 
hammer,  Miolner,  which  comes  crashing  down  as  a  thunderbolt,  and  of  itself 
returns  to  the  hand.     Freyr  had  a  sword  of  similar  nature  that  swung  itself. 
Such  gear  the  Greeks  call  alnSfxaroi^  {II.,  18.  376).     Mr.  Grant  Allen  con- 
siders the  notion  of  Thor's  hammer  to  be  derived  from  the  shape  of  the  sup- 
posed thunderbolt.     **  Thor's  hammer  is  itself  merely  the  picture  which  our 
northern  ancestors  formed  to  themselves,  by  compounding  the  idea  of  thunder 
and  lightning  with  the  idea  of  the  polished  stone  hatchets  they  dug  up  among 
the  fields  and  meadows."    These  were  preserved  from  motives  of  superstition, 
since  the  possession  of  a  thunderbolt  gives  one  some  sort  of  hold  over  the 


486  NOTES. 

thunder-god  himself.  **  This  is  the  secret,  too,  of  all  the  rings,  lamps,  gems  and 
boxes,  possession  of  which  gives  a  man  power  over  fairies,  spirits,  goomes,  and 
genii.  All  magic  proceeds  upon  the  prime  belief  that  you  must  possess  some- 
thing belonging  to  the  person  you  wish  to  control,  constrain,  or  injure" 
(Essay  on  "  Thunderbolts",  by  Grant  Allen  :  Fallingin  Love^  attd other  Essays^ 
pp.  137-158). 

20. 

(P.  200  )  With  accusation  of  queen,  compare  similar  incidents  in  Amason, 
PP-  370»  416,  429 ;  Cosquin,  i,  186  ;  Crane,  p.  19  ;  Coelho,  p.  xviii ;  Fleury, 
p.  151  ;  Folk-lore  Record^  i,  116,  207;  F.-L.  /ournal,  vi,  38  (A.ino  ulc) ; 
Frere,  O,  D,  D.,  No.  4,  pp.  17-22,  54;  Gonzenbach,  Sic.  Mar.,  i,  19.  148, 
No.  24  ;  Grimm,  No  31,  and  i,  364  ;  Gubematis,  i,  412  ;  Hahn,  "  Sun,  Moon, 
and  Morning  Siar";  Karajich,  No.  33;  Leskien,  No.  46;  Magyar  Tales, 
pp.  337,  338 ;  Prohle,  i.  No.  36  ;  Roman  de  la  Manekine ;  Satujaja  Tarinoita, 
i,  105  ;  bchiefner,  No.  12  ;  Schneller,  No.  50  ;  Schot',  **  Die  Goldnen  Kinder"  ; 
Sebillot,  i,  No.  15  ;  Spiira-Bey,  No.  11  ;  Slier,  "Die  ver«andelten  Kinder*' ; 
Ungarische  Sagen,  "Die  beiden  jiiogsten  Konig^kinder" ;  Stokes,  No.  20; 
Theal,  p.  148 ;  looi  Nights,  "The  Envious  Sisrera*'  ;  Vernalcken,  p.  35.  and 
comp.  p.  33  ;  Webster,  177  ;  Zmgerle,  ii,  124. 

Compare  the  following  s^ory,  which  contains  also  other  incidents  common  in 
Cinderella  tales : — 

Jahrbuch  fiir  rotfianische  und  englische  Literatur,  Leipzig,  i860.  Vol.  vii. 
"Italienische  Marchen",  by  Hermann  Knust.  Pp.  382-84.  (A  Tuscan 
story  from  Livorno.) 

"Der  Konigssohn  und  die  Bauerntochter." 

At  his  father's  wish,  a  king's  son  sets  out  with  his  attendant  to  seek  a  bride. 
Attendant  tries  in  vain  to  induce  master  to  notice  the  pretty  women  in  the 
town  and  neighbouring  country.  At  night  they  come  to  a  wood,  and  seek 
shelter  from  the  storm  in  a  peasant's  hut.  Peasant  receives  them  hospitably, 
and  his  wife  prepares  the  table  for  a  meal.  King's  son  inquires  for  whom  the 
fifth  place  is  laid,  and  learns  that  it  is  for  peasant's  daughter,  who  is  too  shy 
to  appear.  Directly  he  sees  her,  king's  son  tells  attendant  that  she  shall  be  his 
bride.  He  asks  permission  to  carve  the  fowl,  and  gives  the  father  the  head, 
the  mother  the  carcase,  and  the  legs  and  wings  to  daughter,  whilst  he  and  his 
attendant  eat  the  flesh.  ^  Next  morning  he  asks  for  the  hand  of  peasant's 
daughter,  and  goes  home  to  his  father,  who  gives  him  6ne  carriage  in  which 
to  fetch  his  bride.  The  queen  is  angry  at  the  marriage  with  a  peasant,  and 
through  her  intrigues  kindles  a  war  with  Spain,  knowing  that  king  and  his  son 
must  join  in  it.     On  leaving  home,  king's  son  charges  his  wife,  in  the  event  of 


^  This  incident  of  the  carving  and  significant  distribution  of  a  fowl  is  found 
in  Sacchetti's  i23«-d  novel,  which,  according  to  Mr.  C'ouston,  has  its  origin 
in  a  Talmudic  st-jry  (see  Flmvers  from  a  Persian  Garden,  p.  231) ;  cf.  also 
Comparetti,  No.  43,  "  La  Ragazza  astuta";  Legrand,  Contes  pop,  GrecSy 
No.  iv,  for  variants  of  the  same  incident. 


NOTES.  487 

her  bearing  a  child  during  his  absence,  to  mark  it  with  some  sign  by  which  to 
know  it.  Flavia  bears  two  children,  and  marks  them  as  bidden.  Soon  after- 
wards queen  comes  and  takes  children  away,  leaving  two  dogs  in  their  place. 
V^hen  king's  son  returns,  mother  tells  him  his  wife  has  borne  those  two  puppies, 
whereupon  be  slays  them.  But  the  sword  drops  from  his  hand  when  he  would 
slay  his  wife  also.  Queen  gives  her  over  to  two  servants  to  be  killed.  But 
they  take  pity  on  her  and  spare  her,  as  also  they  have  spared  her  two  children 
whom  the  queen  had  delivered  into  their  hands  to  slay.  They  take  her  to  the 
wood,  where  she  wanders  about,  till  she  is  met  by  a  peasant,  who  takes  her  to 
his  house.  He  has  previously  found  her  two  children  and  taken  care  of  them. 
King's  son  is  inconsolable.  Father  persuades  him  to  go  hunting.  Night 
overtakes  him.  He  enters  peasant's  house,  finds  wife  and  children,  and  learns 
the  trick  that  has  been  played  him.  Fetching  a  carriage  from  the  palace,  he 
takes  wife  and  children  home.  Queen  confesses  the  crime,  which  her  death 
must  atone. 

In  Dolopathosy  7th  Tale,  puppies  are  substituted  for  queen's  children,  who  are 
saved  by  the  servants  deputed  to  slay  them,  and  are  brought  up  by  a  philo- 
sopher. Cronus  dines  on  the  foal  which  he  was  assured  his  wife  had  just  borne, 
when  in  reality  the  child  was  Poseidon  (see  Hesiod,  Tkeog,^  497  ;  Pausanias, 
X,  24). 

Compare  the  myths  in  which  a  human  ancestress  is  said  to  have  given  birth 
to  an  animal  of  the  totem  species  (see  Frazer,  Totemism^  p.  6).  Thus  the 
snake  clan  among  the  Moquis  of  Arizona  are  descended  from  a  woman  who 
gave  birth  to  snakes  (see  Bourke,  Sntike  Dance  of  the  Moquis  y  etc.,  p.  177).  The 
Bakalai  in  Western  Equatorial  Africa  believe  that  their  women  once  gave  birth 
to  the  totem  animals ;  one  woman  brought  forth  a  calf,  others  a  crocodile, 
hippo potamus»  monkey,  boar,  and  wild  pig  (see  Du  Chaillu,  Explorations  and 
Adventures  in  Equatorial  Africa^  p.  308 ;  see  also  p.  309).  In  Samoa  the 
prawn  or  cray-fish  was  the  totem  of  one  clan  because  an  infant  of  the  clan  had 
been  changed  at  birth  into  a  number  of  prawns  or  cray-fish  (see  Turner, 
Samoa f  p.  77). 

Petitot  tells  a  story  of  the  Dog-Rib  Indians  of  Great  Slave  Lake,  about  a 
woman  who  was  married  to  a  dog  and  bore  six  pups,  who  became  the  ancestors 
of  the  Dog- Rib  Indians  (Traditions  Indie nnes  du  Canada  Nord-ouest,  p.  311). 
There  is  a  similar  story  on  Vancouver  Island,  where  a  tribe  of  Indians  derives 
its  origin  from  dogs  (see  American  F.-L.  foumal^  iv,  14).  The  legend  is 
found  in  many  other  places.  On  the  Pacific  coast  it  extends  from  Southern 
Oregon  to  Southern  Alaska ;  Petitot  recorded  a  somewhat  similar  tale  among 
the  Hare  Indians  of  Great  Bear  Lake.  Among  the  Eskimo  of  Greenland  and 
of  Hudson  Bay  is  a  legend  of  a  woman  who  married  a  dog  and  had  ten  pups, 
five  of  whom  she  sent  inland,  where  they  became  the  ancestors  of  a  tribe  half- 
dog,  half-man  ;  and  the  other  five  she  sent  across  the  ocean,  where  they  became 

the  ancestors  of  the  Europeans In  Baffin-land,  the  mother  of  the  dogs  is 

the  most  important  deity  of  the  Eskimo  (see  Am,  F.-L,  J.,  iv,  16).  An  Eskimo 
song  tells  of  the  origin  of  the  Adlet  and  of  the  White  men  from  dogs  {ibid,,  ii, 
124) ;  see  also  Rink,  Tales  and  Traditions  of  the  Eskimo,  p.  471  ;  American 
Naturalist,  1886,  p.  594 ;  Petitot,  Monographic  des  Esquimaux  Tchiglit,  p.  24. 


(A  beaver  crrates  two  men,  one  the  ancestor  of  the  Eakimo,  the  odwt  that 

of  (he  sca-animnls.  who  were  the  anceslors  of  Ihc  Europcins.) 

For  ttnimsl  children  see  also  CallBway,  Z.  F.  T.,  p.  105  (crovre),  and  tee 
nnie  ;  also  p.  322  (anake) ;  Cosquin,  1,  i,  "Jean  de  I'Ours",  and  variants,  pp. 
6  ff.  ;  Craoe,  p.  314-5  ;  Pryin  and  Socio,  ii,  p.  258  ;  Schiefner,  No.  a  i  StokeB, 
No.  10.  Compare  "The  Myrtle"  in  J'enlanurotu ;  also  No.  193  of  this 
collection,  in  which  stoiy  a  woman  longi  (or  a  child,  "even  a  snake";  Stokes. 
No.  10  J  and  other  stories  containing  similar  reckless  wish.  In  Benfe/a 
PanUchalanlra,  ii,  t44,  a  Brahman's  wife,  childless,  at  last  bears  a  seipent. 

In  the  Prose  Edda,  Geljon's  wna  were  oxen  :  the  hag's  sons  were  wolves 
(see  Mallet,  North.  Aitt.,  39S,  408,  and  434).    Pasiphae  was  the  mother  of  the 
Minolaur.     Tjtda's  twins  were  contained  in   two  eggs.      Compare  the  birlh* 
story  or  Aed  Slane,  King  of  Ireland,  son  of  Diamiaid  and  Mugain.     First 
lamb,  then  a  silver-lrout  were  born,  finally  Aed  Slane. 

See  Mr.  Lang's  note  on  "  Belief  in  Kinship  with  Animals",  in  hi*  Jntrod.  \ 
Grimm's  /^ouniff/d  Talti,\t.xi ;  aiiUs  Marriase  0/  Cupid  and  Psyihe.iv  sr.j 


(P.  204.)  Compare  Signdr  and  Brynhildf  (Siegfried  and  Bnmhilde, 
Corpus  Pott.  Boreale,  i,  J94,  303,  309,  394) — Swipday  and  Menglad^Hr&ift 
and  Ingigerdr  (see  Grimm,  Deuluht  HeiiliaHerlhiimer,  Gortingeo,  1828, 
pp.  16S.170) — Gormo  in  Saxo  Gramm.,  lib.  ix,  p.  i79^Tristan  aJid  IsolC 
(sec  "  Sir  Tristrem",  notes  to  Scott's  ed.,  1819,  p.  345)— Wolfdieliich— Oren- 
del  and  Frau  Bteide  (Grimm,  Ten/.  .*^/^.,  374)— Fonio  and  Feniiia  {flrn/,. 
i,  9) — Amicus  and  Amelius  (comp.  the  story  of  The  Ravens  in  the  0.  E.  prate 
version  of  "The Seven WiseMaaters").  Forfolk-Uleparallelscl.  Bu8li,/'.-Z.  JP., 
"  How  Cajusse  was  Married,"  p,  162  ;  Campbell,  iii,  22S,  and  No.  347  ; 
DasenI,  cKxxiv,  and  p.  389 ;  Grimm,  No.  60,  "  The  Two  Broihera";  Gonzcnbtch, 
No.  40;  Gabemalis,  i,  330  ;  Maclnnes,*  p.  365.  Compare  iwo  Cornish 
Mahinogion.  which  leil  of  King  Pwyll  {The  FanUi  Museum,  Lond.,  i8ol, 
pp.  i7'3o) ;  the  story  of  Aladdin,  and  the  story  of  Prince  Sayf  el-MuInl, 
Payne,  vii,  94.     See  Goneion,  Pap.  Tales  and  FictioHi,  i,  316,  ncti. 


I 


30t  be  killed  by*  leaden  I 
ire  resist  any  luch  ahol  l^ 
tlon  01  coin  at  hand  to 
-,  however  iietidish,  can  withstand  a  silver 

lielandii  Tales,  p,  Ix,  by  Powell 


(P.  204.)     •■Sea-moniters(Sjd-skifni5U) 
bullet,  for  tbeir  shell-coat  of  mail  and  their 
but  he  who  meets  ihem  is  lucky  if  he  have 
Ihmst  Into  his  gun  :  lor  1 
shot."     (Introductory  Es 
and  Mognlisson.) 

For  drink  of  oblivion,  see  note  58. 

(P.  ao8.)    This  (tory  (No.  3a),  like  Nob.  8,  56,  »nd  Tii.opcnsi 
"  Hop  o' my  Thumb"  incidenlt.  Upon  which  sec  Mr.  Lang's  Pcrrauls,  f 
(In  No.   30S  the  heroine,  like  the  leven  girls  in  No.  307,  ii  deMtled  by  her 
father  \  but  they  do  not  Bnd  their  way  home,  as  in  the  other  stones.)    The 


X 


NOTES.  489 

trail  ocean  also  in  the  following :  Bosk,  No.  6 ;  Denton,  "  The  Wicked 
Stepmother*' ;  Frere,  O.  D,  D.,  "Surya  Bai"  and  **  Raksha's  Palace"  ;  Fril«, 
pp.  85,  106;  Grimm,  No.  15,  "Hansel  und  Grethel"  ;  No.  116,  "The 
Blue  Light";  HalliwelJ,  Pop,  Tales,  "Hop  o*  my  Thumb";  Karajich, 
No.  35;  Magyar  Folk-tales,  p.  145,  "The  Three  Princesscb"  (  =  No.  ill, 
Stier) ;  Pedroso,  Port,  Tales,  No.  xiv,  p.  59  ;  Pettiamerotu,  v,  8,  "  Nennillo  e 
Ncnnilla"  ;  Perrault,  "  Le  Petit  Poucei"  ;  Roumanian  Fairy  Tales,  p.  81, 
"  Handsome  is  as  Handsome  does";  Theal,  p.  120. 

With  the  device  of  thrusting  the  giantess  into  the  stove,  compare  Callaway, 
pp.  16-18,  "  Uhlakanyana,"  and  p.  20;  Campbell,  i,  255,  328  ;  Dasent,  pp. 
128,  220;  Grimm,  No.  15;  Hahn,  Nos.  3,  95;  ii*  pp.  181,  309,  fwte ; 
Haltrich,  No.  37 ;  Haupt  and  Schmaler,  ii,  172-4 ;  Magyar  Tales,  p.  147  ; 
Minaef,  Conte  Kamaon,  No.  46;  Pedroso,  p.  60;  RadlofT,  i,  31  ;  Ralston, 
pp.  165,  168 ;  Steere,  Swahili  Tales,  p.  380 ;  Theal,  p.  99 ;  Wide- Awake 
Stories,  p.  194.  In  Nos.  56  and  ill,  it  is  the  giant  who  is  entrapped  into 
the  oven. 

The  "  red-hot  poker",  applied  as  in  the  tale,  is  orthodox  treatment  for  a 
Cyclops.  In  No.  56,  also,  the  giant  is  one-eyed ;  so  is  Crinnawn,  son  of 
Belore,  in  Hyde's  Beside  the  Fire,  p.  144.  The  Tartar  giant  Dep^ghoz  (eye 
on  top  of  head)  has  to  be  supplied  daily  by  the  Oghuzes  with  two  men  and 
five  hundred  sheep.  Bissaf,  the  hero,  boms  out  his  eye  with  a  red-hot  knife. 
Sindbad,  on  his  third  voyage,  punches  oat  the  eye  of  a  man-eating  giant. 
Comp.  the  story  of  Eigill  (Nilsson,  4,  33;  Miiller,  Sagettbib.,  2,  612). 
The  Laplanders  tell  of  a  giant  Stalo,  who  was  one-eyed,  and  went  about  in  a 
garment  of  iron  (see  Grimm,  T.  M.,  p.  554). 

For  one-eyed  persons  cf.  Grimm,  Not.  II,  130;  Stokes,  pp.  3,  36;  fVide- 
Awake  Stories,  12,  295.  In  folk-tales  it  is  generally  a  sign  of  wickedoeas. 
Comp.  the  one-eyed  black  man.  Oppression,  whom  Peredor  fought  and  slew 
{Mabinogicn,  p.  105).  Woden  pawned  one  of  his  eyes  to  giant  Mimi  in  the 
Brook  of  the  Weird  Sisters  for  the  precious  mead,  whence  it  comes  that  he  is 
one-eyed  (see  Snorri's  Edda,  and  C,  P,  B.,  i,  20  ff.).  The  Greek  rojrth  has  a 
Jupiter  with  three  eyes.    Three-eyed  persons  are  common  in  folk-tales. 

See  note  40,  on  the  man-eating  ogre  who  smells  human  flesh. 

24. 

(P.  210.)  1\k^  hiding-box  9xy^  the pHme-panhaser  inadaitM  recar  in  Nos. 
156,  158,  171,  179,  189,  216,  262,  297.  Also  in  Hahn's  No.  19,  "Der 
Hundskopf." 

In  a  story  from  Karajich's  Collection  (Kraoss,  Sagen  undMdr,  der  Siidslaven, 
ii,  290,  No.  129),  the  imprisoned  hero  breaks  through  the  partition  at  night 
into  the  princess's  room,  and,  whilst  she  sleeps,  eats  the  food  and  changes  the 
position  of  the  candles.  This  is  parallel  with  the  incident  in  the  Clmlerclla 
tales. 

(P.  216.)  For  if«ft*«^i»  of  the  external  soul  in  folk-talet,  cf.  Amasofi* 
456,    518    (liie-egK   of  the   two   troUs);    Asb|dmiea   og    Mo«,   N^rtki 


49°  NOTES. 

Folkeevenfyr^  Nos.  36,  70 ;  A.  Bastian,  Die  Volker  des  bstlichen  Asien^ 
iv,  340;  Busk,  F.'L.  A*.,  164,  168;  C^mpbei),  i,  10,  80;  Caslr^o,  Eth- 
nologische  Vorlesitngen  iiber  die  altaischen  Volker^  p.  173 ;  Finnish  Mytho- 
logy^ p.  186  (siory  of  a  giant  who  kept  his  soul  in  a  twelve* headed  snak**, 
which  he  carried  in  a  bag  as  he  rode  on  horseback) ;  Clouston,  Pop.  Tales  and 
Fictions^  i,  347  ff.  ;  A  Group  of  Eastern  Romances  and  Stories^  p.  30 ;  Cosquin, 
j»  173  ff- ;  ^ox»  Atyan  Myth.^  li,  36,  330;  Dasent,  "  The  Giant  who  had  no 
Heart  in  his  Booy,"  p.  55;  Tales  from  the  Fjeldy  p.  229  ;  Day,  Lai  Behari, 
Folk-tales  0/  Bengal ^  pp.  i,  85,  117,  121,  189,  253;  Dietrich,  Russian  Pop. 
Tales,  p.  23;  DozoD,  p.  132;  Folk-lore  Rec.^  i'i,  220  (in  skein  of  sUk)  ; 
F.'L,  Journal,  ii,  289  ff.,  **  The  Philosophy  of  Punchkin,"  by  Ed.  Clodd ; 
Frere,  O.  D.  Z>.,  "Punchkin,"  p.  12,  "Sodewa  Bai,"  "  Chundum  Rajah," 
**  Truth's  Triumph,"  p.  233  ;  **  Wanderings  of  Vicram  Maharajah"  ;  Gonzen- 
bach,  No.  16,  and  ii,  215  ;  Baring  Gould,  Curious  Myths,  ii,  299-302  (a  Siberian 
tale  about  seven  robbers  whose  hearts  were  hang  up  on  pegs,  and  are  stolen  by 
a  captive  swan- maiden,  on  which  condition  her  dress  b  returned  to  her  by  the 
Samsjed  who  bad  taken  possession  of  it.  He  smashes  six  hearts,  and  makes 
the  seventh  robber  deliver  up  his  old  mother's  soul,  and  then  kills  him  also) ; 
Gubernatis,  Z,  M.,  i,  168;  Habn,  i,  187,  217;  ii,  23,  204,  215,  260,  275, 
282,  294;  Haltricb,  No.  34,  p.  149;  Iful.  Antiquary  (1872),  i,  117,  171, 
and  (1885),  p.  250;  Jamieson,  Diet,  of  the  Scottish  Language,  s.  v,  "Yule"; 
Kirby,  Alew  Arabian  Nights,  "  Joadar  of  Cairo  and  Mahmood  of  Tunis" ; 
Knowles,  Folk-tales  of  Kashmir,  pp.  42,  49,  73,  134,  382;  Krauss,  i,  168, 
No.  34;  Lane,  Arabian  Nights,  iii,  316,  "  Seyf-el-Mulook"  ;  Leitner,  The 
Languages  and  Races  of  Dardistan,  p.  9  ;  Legrand,  p.  191  ;  Luzel,  i,  445-9  ; 
Magyar  Folk-tales,  pp.  205,  326,  373,  400  ;  Mannbardt,  Germanische  Mythen, 
p.  592;  Masperc,  Contes  pop.  dc  V Egypt e  ancienne,  p.  5  ff.,  "The  Two 
Brothers"  (written  down  in  the  reign  of  Rameses  II,  circa  1300  B.C.)  ; 
Mijatovics,  Serbian  Folk-lore  (Denton,  p.  172);  Mii'ltnhoff,  p.  404;  Pcnta- 
merone,  ii,  p.  60  (Liebrecht)  ;  Radloff,  Proben  der  Volkslitteratur  der 
tUrkischen  Stamrne  Siid-Sihiriens,  i,  345;  ii,  237,  531;  iv,  88;  Rtlston, 
R.  F.  T,  "  Koshchei  the  Deathless,"  p.  103,  and  pp.  109,  113,  114;  Riviere, 
Contes  Kabyles,  p.  191  ;  Schiefner,  Heldensagen  der  Minussinschen  lataren, 
pp.  108-112,  172-176,  189-193,  360-364,  384,  390,  ff.  ;  Sagas  from  the  Far 
East,  p.  130,  "  Bright  Intellect";  Schott,  "  Ueber  die  Sage  von  Geser  Chan," 
Abhandlungen  d.  Konigl.  Akad.  d.  Wissensch.  zu  Berlin,  1 851,  p.  269; 
Sebillot,  Haute  Bretagne,  p.  63  ;  Spitta-Bey,  No.  2,  p.  12  ;  Stokes,  **  Brave 
Hiralalbasa,"  "The  Demon  and  the  King's  Son,"  pp.  58,  187  ;  Strackcrjan, 
Aberglaube  und Sagen,  Oldenburg,  ii,  306;  Sundtrmann,  Allgemeine  Missions- 
Zeitschrift,  xi  (1884),  p.  453,  "Die  Insel  Nias"  ;  Webster,  p.  83;  H^ide- 
Awake  Stories,  pp.  52,  58,  64,  8^  ;  Wilken,  De  Gids,  1888,  No.  5,  p.  6  (of 
the  separate  reprint),  "  De  Simsonsage"  (a  Malay  poem)  ;  Wolf,  No.  20, 
p.  87  ;  Wratislaw,  y.  225. 

Compare  the  story  of  Meleager  and  the  fire-brand  (ApoUodorus,  i,  8  ;  Dio- 
dorus,  iv,  34;  Pausaoiis,  x,  31,  4;  Aeschylus,  Choeph.,  604,  ff.)  ;  the  fatal 
hair  on  the  head  of  Nisus  (ApoUodorus,  iii,  15,  8  ;  Aeschylus,  Choeph.,  612  ; 
Pausanias,  i,  19,  4).     According  to  Tzetzes  {Schol.  on  Lycophron,  650),  not 


NOTES.  491 

the  life,  but  the  strength  of  Nisos  was  in  his  hair  (compare  the  Samson  story, 
Judges,  xvi,  4-20).  According  to  Hyginus  {Fab,  198),  Nisus  was  destined  to 
reign  only  so  long  as  he  kept  the  purple  lock  on  his  head.  Poseidon  made 
Pterelaus  immortal  by  giving  him  a  golden  hair  on  his  head.  His  daughter 
fell  in  love  with  Amphitr>on,  the  enemy  of  Pterelaus,  and  killed  her  faiher  by 
pulling  out  the  golden  hair  (Apollodorus,  ii,  4,  §§  5,  7).  Sylvia,  wiie  of 
Septimius  MarcelluF,  bore  a  son  to  the  god  Mars,  who  bound  up  the  fate  of 
the  child  in  a  spear  (Plutarch,  ParalUla^  26).  See  Frazer,  The  Golden  Bought 
ii,  305-308. 

The  nearest  approach  to  tales  similar  to  ihe»e  in  the  Buddhist  Birth-stories 
is  in  one  or  two  isolated  cases,  when  the  Karma  of  a  human  being  is  spoken 
of  as  immediately  transferred  to  an  animal.  (See  Mr.  Clodd's  Myths  and 
Dreamsy  and  Mr.  Frazct's  Golden  Bottgh^  for  an  exhaustive  treatment  of  the 
subject  of  the  external  soul).  Compare  the  Annamite  stones  (Nos.  68,  69,  of 
this  collection)  in  which  the  life  of  the  heioine  is  successively  transferred  to  a 
turtle,  a  bamboo-shoot,  a  bird,  a  tree,  etc.  There  are  similar  incidents  in 
No.  231.  The  Zuni  Indians  of  New  Mexico,  as  well  as  the  Moquis,  believe 
in  the  transmigration  of  human  souls  into  the  bodies  of  turtles.  See  **  My 
Adventures  in  Zufli,"  by  Mr.  Gushing,  in  The  Century^  May  1883,  p.  45  ff.  ; 
Schoolcraft,  Indian  Tribes^  iv,  86  ;  hourke,  Snake-Dance  of  the  Moquis  of 
Arizona^  pp.  Ii6ff.,  334 ff.,  and  Frazer,  op,  cit.^  ii,  99. 

Many  people  believe  that  a  portrait  contains  the  soul  of  the  person  portrayed. 
Thus  the  Canelos  Indians  of  S.  America  think  their  soul  is  carried  away  in 
their  picture  (Simson,  **  Notes  on  the  Jivaros  and  Canelos  Indians,"  fount, 
Anthrop,  Inst,,  ix,  392).  When  Mr.  Joseph  Thomson  tried  to  photograph 
some  of  the  Wa-teira  in  East  Africa,  they  imagined  he  was  trying  to  get 
possession  of  their  souls  (Thomson,  Through  Masai  Land,  p.  86).  An  Indian 
refused  to  let  himself  be  drawn,  believing  it  would  cause  his  death  (Maximilian 
Piinz  zu  W.ed,  Reise  in  das  Innere  Nord-Amerika,  i,  417  ;  see  also  ii,  166). 
Some  old  women  in  the  Greek  island  of  Carpatbus  were  very  angry  at  being 
drawn,  fearing  they  would  in  consequence  die  (Blackwood's  Magazine ,  Feb. 
1886,  p.  235).  Some  people  in  Russia  object  to  having  their  silhouettes 
taken  lest  they  die  (Ralston,  Songs  of  the  Russian  People,  p.  117).  Persons 
in  the  West  of  Scotland  refuse  to  have  their  likenesses  taken  (James 
Napier,  Folk-lore  ;  or.  Superstitious  Beliefs  in  the  W.  of  Scotland,  p.  142  ;  and 
cf.  Kn&tte,  Ethnographische  ParallelenundVergleiche,  Leipzig,  1 889,  p.  18  ff.). 
See  Frazer,  i,  148-9.  Allied  to  this  belief  is  the  practice  of  pricking  the 
waxen  figure  of  one's  enemy. 

Compare  the  story  in  Schimpf  und  Ernst,  cap.  272  (from  the  Gesta  Roman- 
orum).  Sticking  needles  into  a  wax  hgure  occurs  in  Kemblt's  Charta,  Prcf., 
lix,  Ix,  and  in  a  story  in  MUllenhoff,  p.  233.  Magic  figuies  can  also  be  baked 
of  dough  or  lime,  and  wi ought  out  of  metal  (see  Grimm,  T.  M.,  1092).  In 
V\iWi  Morgante,  21,  73,  a  witch's  vitality  is  bound  up  with  a  wax  figure. 
When  Malagigi  melts  it  at  a  slow  fire,  she  dwindles  away.  This  kind  of 
conjuring  is  found  in  Ovid  {Amor.,  iii,  7,  29).  Comp.  Horace,  Epod.,  17,  76. 
Theocritus,  2,  28,  has  the  wax- melting.  In  Virgil,  EcL,  8,  74  seq,,  a  magic 
figure  seems  to  be  made  of  lime  and  wax. 


492  NOTES. 

In  evidence  of  the  belief  (at  teait  on  the  part  of  a  hrpnowS^nt^ 
tTaDsfcrence  of  sensibilitf  from  the  human  body  (□  nn  in>niintLte  object,  1 
may  refer  to  the  recent  (Oct.  iSgt)  Expeiimenls  in  hypiinlism  cnnilnclcd  I 
the  Charilc  Hospilal  hy  Dr.  Luy».  He  has  been  able  'o  transfer  a  woi 
sensibility  into  a  lumbler  of  water,  which  retains  IC  for  a  cansjilenible  I 
If  tiie  water  ii  drunk  before  ihe  sensibility  is  enhausled  Ibe  patient  («h< 
not  witne'iod  the  occurrence)  fall*  into  «  deadly  swoon.  Also,  if  the  ura 
touched  the  hypnotised  person  lUrls  as  if  in  pain.  Dr.  Luys  was  also  able  n 
confirm  the  discovery  made  by  Colonel  Roche,  AdminUlrator  of  the  ficolcrV 
Poly  technique,  who  found  that  it  was  possible  to  transfer  ihe  sensibility  of  ■  J 
hypnotised  |>er;on  to  ihe  negative  cf  a  photograph  of  Ihe  subjccti  who  ni 
only  felt,  but  showed  signs  ol,  any  mark:  made  on  the  negative.  A  pin'U 
on  Ihe  negative — previously  charged  with  srnsibiiity — caus's  the  appearanM 
of  a  similar  mnrlc  on  the  subject,  etc.,  etc.  One  would  like  to  know  tlie  efTeq 
upon  the  subject  of  throwing  the  negatire  into  Ihe  tire. 


(P.  aai.)  Grimm  gives  the  following  vaiianls  (i,  364).  One  IiDin  ZwehiS 
is  without  the  introduction  wherein  the  dying  mother  promises  to  help  her 
child,  but  begins  at  once  with  the  unhappy  life  of  the  stepchild.  The  end, 
too,  is  different.  After  Cinderella  has  lived  happily  with  the  king  for  one 
year,  he  travels  away,  leaving  her  the  keys  oi  all  the  rooms.  The  false  rister 
persuades  her  to  open  the  forbidden  room,  wherein  they  Bnd  a  well  of  blood. 
Into  tbix  Ihe  wicked  sister  throws  her  after  the  birth  at  hcrson,  and  lakea  her 
place  in  bed.  But  the  sentries  bear  (he  queen's  ciies,  and  save  her,  and  the 
wicked  Kister  is  punished. 

In  a  variant  from  Mecklenbu'g,  Aschenpultel  has  become  queen,  and  haa 
taken  her  stepmother,  who  is  a  witch,  and  her  wicked  <tep»stcr  lo  live  wll  h 
her.  When  the  give«  binh  to  a  son  iheji  lay  a  dog  beside  her,  and  give  the 
child  to  a  gaidener,  who  is  to  kill  it.  They  do  the  same  a  second  time,  and  ■ 
the  king  says  nothing.  The  third  time  Ibey  ^ve  the  queen  and  the  child  (( 
the  gardener  to  be  stain  ;  but  he  takes  thetn  into  >  cave  in  the  Forest.  Thi 
child  is  reared  on  hind's  milk,  and  grows  up  wild,  with  long  hair,  and  11 
herbs  in  the  forest  for  his  mother.  One  day  he  goes  to  the  palace  and  lci\£ 
the  king  about  his  beautiful  mother.  King  goes  lo  (he  forest,  recognises  h 
vrife,  and  takes  her  home.  On  the  way  they  meet  two  golden-bured  b 
whom  the  gardener  has  spared  and  brought  up  in  his  own  house.  GardenOjl 
reveals  that  they  aic  king's  children.     Witch  and  her  daughter  are  punished.  ] 

In  a  story  from  Paderbom.  a  beautiful  countess  has  a  rose  in 
a  snowball  in  the  other,  and  wishes  for  a  child  as  red  as  Ihe  rose  an 
as  the  snow.     She  has  her  wish.     The  nurse  one  day  pushes  her  out  of  windiiirj 
and  pretends  the  countess  has  thrown  herself  oat.     She  ensnares 
and  he  marries  her.     She  bears  two  daughters,  and  the  red  and  white  st 
child  must  serre  as  scullion.     She  has  no  clothes,  and  may  not  go  lo  ehurch  j 
She  weeps  on  mother's  grave,  and  mother  gives  her  a  key  to  open  hollow  li 
wherein  ibe  finds  clothes,  soap  for  washing  herself,  and  a  prayer-book. 


NOTES.  493 

count  sees  her,  and  smears  the  church  threshold  with  pitch.  All  ends  in  the 
usual  way. 

A  variant  from  Zittau  is  given  in  Biisching's  Wochentluhe  Nachrichten^  i, 
139.  Aschenputtel  is  a  miller's  dauglter,  and  is  not  allowed  to  go  to  church. 
There  is  nothing  new  in  it,  except  that,  instead  of  a  dove,  a  dog  betrays  the 
false  bride  and  reveals  the  true. 

In  Low.  German  we  find  Askenpuster^  Askenboel,  and  Askenbuel  {Bremer 
IVorterb.y  i,  29,  30).  In  Holstein,  according  to  Schiitze,  Aschenpiiselken  is 
derived  from  pdseln^  to  seek  laboriously  (a.«,  for  instance,  the  peas  among 
the  ashes).  Sudelsodelken,  from  soUn^  stideln^  because  it  must  be  de- 
stroyed in  the  dirt  In  Pomerania,  Asckpuk  signifies  a  dirty  kitchen- 
mad  (Dahnert).  The  Hessian  dialect  corroborates  this  (see  Estor's  Upper^ 
Hessian  Dictionary) :  Aschenptiddel^  an  insignificant,  dirty  girl.  The  High- 
German  is  Aschenbr'ddeL  In  Swabia  we  find  Asckengrittely  Aschengruttel^ 
A eschen^ use/  (Schmid,  Schwab,  Worterb.^  29).  In  Danish  and  Swedish  it  is 
Askesis^  from  blowing  the  ashes.  In  Jamieson,  see  Assi^pct,  Ashypet^  Ashie* 
paitle,  a  neglected  child  employed  in  the  lowest  kitchen  work.  In  Poli>h, 
Kopciuszek^  from  kopec^  soot,  smoke. 

Oberlin  gives  a  passage  from  Aschenprbdel^  in  which  a  servant  bears  this 
name  ;  and  Seller  von  Keisersberg  calls  a  despised  kitchen-boy  an  Eschen- 
griidel,  and  says,  **  how  an  Eschengriidel  has  everything  to  do,"  Hrosamen^ 
folio  79a.  Tauler,  in  the  Medulla  animae^  says,  "  I,  thy  stable-boy,  and  poor 
Aschenbaltz."  Luther,  in  the  Table-talk^  i,  16,  says,  **  Cain,  the  godless 
reprobate,  is  one  of  the  powerful  ones  of  earth,  but  the  pious  and  god-fearing 
Abel  has  to  be  the  submissive  Aschenbrodel — nay,  even  his  servant,  and  be 
oppressed."  In  Agricola,  No.  515,  occurs,  **  Does  there  remain  anywhere 
an  Aschenbrodel  of  whom  no  one  has  thought?"  No.  594,  "Jacob,  the 
Aschenbiodel,  the  spoiled  boy."  In  Eyering,  2,  342,  is  **  poor  Aschenwedel". 
Verelius,  in  the  notes  to  the  Gothreks  Saga,  p.  70,  speaks  of  the  Volks  Saga, 
**  huru  Askesisen  sick  Konungsdottren  til  hustru^'*  which  also  treats  of  a  youth 
who  was  kitchen-boy,  and  won  the  king*»  daughter.  The  proverbs  also,  Sitia 
hema  i  asku,  Hggia  som  kaltur  i  hreise  und  Uggta  vtd  amen,  apply  for  the 
most  part  to  kings*  sons,  in  the  Wilkifiasage,  cap.  91,  of  Thetleifr,  and  in  the 
Refssage  (cap.  9,  of  the  Gothreks  Saga),  from  which  Verelius  wishes  to  derive 
all  the  others.  We  are  likewise  reminded  of  Ulrich  von  Thdrheim's  Starker 
Rennewart,  who  must  also  have  first  been  a  scullion  ;  likewise  of  Alexius, 
who  lived  under  the  stairs  in  his  fathers  royal  house,  like  a  drudge.  Vide 
Gorres,  Meisterlieder,  p.  302. 

It  was  a  very  ancient  custom  that  those  who  were  unhappy  should  seat 
themselves  amongst  the  ashes.  Odysseus,  who,  as  a  stranger  entreating  help, 
had  spoken  with  Alkinous,  thus  seated  himself  humbly  in  the  ashes  on  the 
hearth,  and  was  then  brought  forth  and  set  in  a  high  place  (7.  153,  169  ; 
compare  II.  191). 

Gudrun,  in  her  misfortunes,  has  to  become  an  Aschenbrodel ;  although  a 
queen,  she  has  to  clean  the  hearth,  and  wipe  up  the  dust  with  her  hair,  or 
else  she  is  beaten. 


494  NOTES. 

27. 

(P.  223.)  In  a  variant  from  Paderborn  (Grimm,  i,  429)  the  maiden  puts 
the  mantle  of  all  kirds  of  fur — on  which  moss,  or  whatever  else  she  can  pick 
up  in  the  forest,  is  sewn — over  ihe  three  bright  dresses,  and  escapes  into  the 
fo'est.  For  fear  of  wild  beasts  she  climbs  up  a  high  tree.  Some  woodcutters, 
fetching  wood  for  the  king's  court,  cut  down  the  tree  in  which  Allerleirauh  is 
still  sleeping  ;  but  it  falls  slowly  and  she  is  not  hurt  She  wakes  in  a  fright, 
but  they  are  kind  to  her,  and  take  her  in  the  wood-cart  to  the  court,  where  >he 
serves  in  kitchen.  As  she  has  made  some  very  good  soup,  the  king  sends  for 
her  ;  he  admires  her,  and  makes  her  comb  his  hair.  One  day,  whilst  she  is 
thus  employed,  he  spies  her  shining  star-dress  through  the  sleeve  of  her  mantle, 
which  he  tears  off. 

In  another  version,  from  Paderborn,  Allerleirauh  pretends  to  be  dumb. 
The  king  strikes  her  with  a  whip,  tearing  the  fur-mantle,  and  the  gold  dress 
shines  through  it.  The  punishment  of  the  father  follows  in  both  stories.  He 
himself  has  to  pronounce  the  sentence  that  he  no  longer  deserves  to  be  king. 

In  fourth  story,  Allerleirauh  is  driven  away  by  her  stepmother  because  a 
foreign  prince  has  given  a  betrothal -ring  to  her  and  not  to  the  stepmother's 
daughter.  Afterwards  Allerleirauh  arrives  at  the  court  of  her  lover,  does 
menial  work,  and  cleans  his  shoes,  but  is  discovered  through  putting  the 
betrothal -ring  amone  the  white  bread,  as  in  another  saga  it  is  put  in  the  strong 
broth  (Musaus,  2.  188). 

When  the  king  will  marry  no  girl  whose  hair  is  not  like  that  of  the  dead 
queen,  we  are  reminded  of  an  incident  in  the  Faroische  Saga^  where  the 
bereaved  king  will  marry  no  one  whom  the  dead  queen's  clothes  do  not  tit. 

28. 

(P.  224.)  Grimm  says  this  story  is  told  on  the  Rhine  of  eight  sisters,  each 
having  one  eye  more  than  the  other.  Two-eyes  is  the  Cinderella,  and  the 
wise-woman  who  takes  pity  on  her  sufferinfrs  is  probably  her  own  departed 
mother.  There  b  the  tree  from  which  gold  and  silver  is  shaken,  and  the 
wooer  whose  request  can  only  be  granted  by  the  true  bride. 

29. 

(P.  225.)  Y ox  golden  apples^  see  Campbell,  Ixxxii  ff.  ;  Dasent,  pp.  22,  71, 
92,  155,  363;  F.-L.  Rec.^  ii,  180,  *' Conn-Eda,  or  the  Golden  Apple  of 
Lough  Erne"  ;  F,-L.  Journal^  vt,  252  flf.  ;  Gcsta  Romanoniiny  ch.  74  (Swan) ; 
Grimm,  Nos.  17,  29,  53.  57,  121,  130,  136;  Groome,  In  Gyp^y  Tttifs^ 
p.  299  ff.  ;  Gypiy-lore  Jourmil^  i,  29;  Ralston,  pp.  172,  176,  285;  WoK, 
*'  The  Wonderful  Hares"  ;  and  compare  No?.  227,  230,  232,  236,  242,  243, 
249.  The  prince  throws  a  golden  apple  into  the  heroint's  lap  in  No.  115. 
Skirni  offers  eleven  all-golden  apples  to  Gerda  in  the  "Lay  of  Skimi" 
{Corpus  P.  Borcalc   i,  III).      Milanion  delayed  Atalanta  with  three  golden 

apples. 

30- 
(P.  226.)    The  pearl  is  made,  in  the  myth,  to  spring  out  of  Venus's  tear. 
Eve's  tears,  like  Frigg's  tears,  are  pearls  in  water,  nuggets  of  gold  on  land  (see 


\ 


NOTES.  495 

Corpus  Poet.  Boreale,  i,  cvi).  Watnamoinen's  tears  are  pearls  (see  Kalewala^ 
Rune  22).  So  are  the  tears  of  the  Chinese  merman  (see  F.-L.  Journal ^  vii, 
319).  Accordibg  to  Sicilian  popular  traditioo,  the  tears  of  unbaptised  children 
turn  to  pearls  when  poured  into  the  sea  by  the  angel  who  has  collected  them 
(Pitre,  F.'L.  /.,  vii,  326). 

In  a  tale  from  the  foot  of  the  Himalayas,  published  in  Russian  by  Minat'f 
(No.  33),  a  princtfs  weeps  pearls  (she  also  laughs  rubies,  see  note  51).  Cf. 
Cavallius,  p.  142;  Chodzko,  p.  315;  Glinskt,  iii,  97;  Karajich,  No.  35; 
Stokc^,  No.  2. 

There  are  tears  of  gold  in  the  story  of  Mardol  (see  Arnason,  p.  437,  aod 
Maurer,  ^fod.  Icelandic  Pop,  Tales)  and  in  the  story  of  the  Jealous  Sifters 
{/ooi  Nights).  Cf.  Gcrle,  Volksm.  der  Bohnien^  No.  5 ;  ^pitta-Bey, 
No.  11;  Schiefner,  No.  12;  and  »ee  Rydberg,  Teut.  Myth  ^  p.  564. 
Not  only  do  Freyja*s  tears  turn  into  drops  of  gold  (Grimm,  Teut.  Myth.^ 
1 218),  but  a  Greek  myth  mak-s  4\cicrpoy  arise  from  the  tears  of  Phaethon's 
sisters,  daughters  of  the  Sun. 

31- 

(P.  231.)  Among  Prof.  S.  Grand tvig's  Unpublished  Collections  are  extracts  of 
four  valiants  of  the  foregoing  stories.  In  the  first,  which  is  caUed  "  Rosenroi'*, 
the  queen's  nose  bleeds,  the  drops  falling  in  the  snow.  She  bears  a  daughter, 
who  is  named  Rosenrod  Snehvid  (Rose-red  Snow-white),  who  is  shut  up  in  a 
tower  with  her  attendants  for  seven  years.  Only  the  princess  liv<-s  to  come  out 
with  her  little  dog,  and  she  becomes  a  servant  in  new  king's  castle.  She  takes 
bride's  place  at  wedding — the  horse  Buckbar — the  mouse-skins — the  wedding 
ring — the  mpterious  words,  etc.  Ttoe  remaining  three  variants  differ  in  no 
respect  from  those  already  given. 

The  following  l^end  is  from  J.  M.  Thiele's  Dannuirk^s  Folkesagn  (1843), 
i,  p.  8  : — 

"The  Tomb  of  the  Three  Maidens." 

A  king  in  the  Danish  island  of  Fyen  has  three  fair  daughters  engaged  to 
three  princes,  who  are  absent  taking  part  in  the  war.  Three  giants  present 
themselves  and  woo  the  princesses,  offering  gold,  silver,  and  costly  rings.  The 
princesses  are  faithful  to  their  lovers,  and  the  giants  go  away  in  a  rage,  threaten- 
ing to  return  soon.  King  has  a  large  mound  with  a  chamber  inside  it  made  for 
his  daughters,  and  the  place  is  covered  over  with  trees  and  shrabs.  The  giants 
return,  slay  the  king,  and  at  length  discover  the  hiding-place  of  the  princesses, 
through  the  barking  of  their  little  dog.  When  they  find  that  the  giants  are 
digging  them  out,  first  the  youngest  and  then  the  other  two  princesses  stab 
themselves  to  death.  To  this  day  the  bill  is  shown.  The  giants  are  still  said 
to  pass  over  it  with  noise  and  fury  ;  horns  are  sounded,  and  the  barking  of  the 
dog  is  heard  from  within  the  mound. 

Cf.  Saxo  Grammaticus^  lib.  vii,  for  the  history  of  Sigvald  or  Sivald.  Reg- 
nold  conceals  his  daughter  Gyritha  in  an  underground  chamber,  whence  she 
is  dug  out  by  Gunnerus. 

See  No'.  276,  283   (28O.  289,  290.  291,  292,  293.  (294),  299,  302,  303. 


3». 

(P.  235>l     Frciguently  tbe  knowledge  of  birds'  /anguagr  conxs  of  e«tili|fi 
while  snake,  as  in  Grimm's  No.  17;  WratisUw,  Aji>  (S/apenii)  folk-fa 
p.  25.     Sigfreii,  in  ihe  Old  Play  of  the  Wolsurps  ( Corpui  Pml.  Bertalt,  i,  ; 
like  Sigord  in  Ihe  Western  Woirang-I,iy  (C.  P.  P..  i.  157).  undeisunds  l 
birds'  talk  when  he  hu  Ta.ited  ihe  heart  of  [he  dragon  Fafni.     In  the  saga 
ihe  Seeburg  (/JsH^  .^a^,.  No,  13:)  the  scrving'man  lastes  a  piece  olT  a  tilvi 
white  snake,  and  immediately  knows  what  the  fowls,  duck«,  gee«f,  dovei, 
tparrows  in  the  yard  aresiying  nrihespeedy  downfall  of  the  eaalte.     Then' 
are  VHriouE  similar  legends  of  submerged  castle!;.     For  O'her  eximples  of  thK< 
wisdom-giving  fish,  or  snnke,  cf.  Campbell,  ii,  361,  363,  and  see  366,  No.  47 
(white  snsk*) ;  iii,  331.  No.  8a  (Fionn),  and  see  p  297  i  ChamberJ,  Talu 
Sir  James  Ramsay  ;  Chodik".  Contti  dti  Payians ....  Sfatvt.  "  Dieva  Zlai 
Vraska";   Cox,  Aryan  Myth.,   i.   81:   Darle;'.  Mylhol.  CilUpii ;  FM-Jerr^ 
JoHrnal,   vi,   aggff.   (white  make):  Baring  Gould.  Ctir.  Myths  (1871),  »6oi 
Kennedy,  Ltgetidajy  Fiilions,  p.  316,  "Farquharthe  Phyiician"  :  MaiiiBgifn 
(Gnesl),   eil.    1877,  pp.  471  (T.  ;   Afyryrian  Arrhaiol.   of  Walii ;   Rumsnn, 
Deutsiht  Htldensage.  i.   114;    S^tiillot.  //.   Breiagnr,  ii,  a24.  326-7;  Vuk 
Slevinnviih,  Siriistht  MartAea,  No.  3  ;  Za   Tnufirien,  1889,  No.  ii,  3J  40  ; 
VflsuHga-Saga  (Camelot  Series),  pp.  6^,  5J. 

Pliny  says  (39,  4),  "quin  et  Inesse  ir^n/i  remedia  mulU  crcdunlnr  .... 
uC  poEsint  miium  strmenei  intelligi."     Kmandra  ibe  ptopheteu  had  been 
licked  by  1  serpent.     (See  TieijLci"  Argument  to  Lycophron'a..(/<uan<fra;  also 
Eustalhios,    Ihe   Homeric    schoHail's  remarks    about    Helenus,   brother  o(' 
KaFsandra,  ad  Iliad,  vii,  44).     Cnmpare  the  Melnmpus  mjlh  (Apoltodonis, 
9 ;  see  bIso  iii,  6,  for  the  stoty  of  Teiresins,  in  which  serpen's  figure.     Pliny, 
137.   ihrowi  doubt  on  the  slory  of  Melampils).      Michael  Scoll  obtained  U* 
wisdom  by  «erpenlg'  brie  (brigh) ;    cf.  In/rrna,  canto  ix  ;  Scon's  LaycfLatt 
Minstrel,  canto  ii,  and  notes  in  Appendx.      So  in    Pliny  \Nal.  Niil..  1.  n, 
cap.  49),  "quarum  confuso  sanguine  serpens  gignalur.   quem  quisque  ederit, 
intelleciurus  sit  nlilum  colloquid."     According  to  a  Scotib  saga,  the  middle 
piece  of  a  while  stiike.  routed  by  the  lire,  gives  n  knowledge  of  supernatural 
things  lo  anyone  who  shall  put  his  finger  into  the  fat  which  drops  from  it. 
(See  Grant  Stewart,  pp.  82.  83.)     In  Iceland,  one  suflicicmly  safe  way 
acquiring  a  knowledge  of  the  language  of  birds  ■■  recorded  (. 
"  Take  the  tongue  of  a  hawk,  and   put  it  in  honey  for  two  days  and  Ihi 
nights ;  place  it  then  under  your  own  tongue,  and  you  will  understand 
language  of  bird^.    It  must  not,  however,  be  carried  elsewhere  than  under 
tongne,  for  the  hawk  is  a  poisonous  bird." 

In  other  cases  the  knowlei<ge  of  birds'  talk  is  acquired  by  means  of  it  hell 
Thuf,  in  the  poem  of  Elegast  there  occurs  a  nameless  herb,  which 
onty  put  in  the  mouth  lo  understand  what  the  cocks  crow  and  the  dogs  bail 
Villematquc  says,  whoever  accidentally  steps  on  Ihe  gulden  berb  (possibly 
mistletoe)  falls  asleep  directly,  and  understands  the  sgwech  of  dogs,   wol' 
and  birds  (see  Grimm.  T,  M.,  pp.  1107, 16S2).    A  wort,  that  the  mermaid  dl 
on  the  mount  that  might  not  be  touched,  makes  whoever 
the  wild  beasts,  fowl,  and  fish  (Haupt,  Ztilsckrifiy  5,  8,  9),     tn  KaUlonVl 


I 


NOTES.  497 

Songs  of  the  Russian  People^  p.  99,  a  fern  enables  one  to  understand  secret 
things.  Mr.  Frazer  says  :  **  On  Midsummer  Eve  the  fern  is  believed  to  burst 
into  a  wondrous  bloom.  .  .  .  Whoever  catches  this  bloom  ....  can  make 
himself  invbible,  can  understand  the  language  of  %nimals,  and  so  forth" 
{Golden  Bought  ii,  286-7).  He  gives  the  following  references  : — Wuttke,  Der 
deutsche  Vblksaberglaube^,  §  123  ;  Grohmann,  Aberglauben  und  Gebrduche  aus 
Bohmenund  Mdkren,  §§673-677  ;  Gubematis,  MythoL  des  Plantes^  ii,  \i^sq, ; 
Friend,  Flowers  and  Flower- lore ,  p.  362  ;  Brand,  Pop.  Ant.,  i,  314  ;  Vonbun, 
Beitrdge  zur  deutschen  Mythologies  p.  133  sq,  ;  Bume  and  Jackson,  Shropshire 
Folk-lore^  p.  242 ;  cp.  Arch.  Rev.^  i,  164  sq. 

In  the  story  of  **  The  Three  Languages"  (Grimm,  No.  33)  the  lad  was  three 
years  learning  what  the  dogs  bark,  what  the  birds  say,  and  what  the  frogs 
croak.  Kin-the-young,  in  the  Lay  of  Righ,  learnt  the  language  of  birds  {Corpus 
P.  Boreale,  i,  242),  Compare  No.  10  and  the  following :— Boner,  Tran^ 
sylvania^  p.  372  ;  Day,  Folk^tales  of  Bengal^  150,  152  ;  Denton,  Serbian  Folk- 
lore, **The  Snake's  Gifi" ;  Fleury,  LUt.  orale  Basse-Normandie,  p.  123; 
Grimm,  Household  Tales,  ii,  541  fF. ;  GubematL«,  Z.  M.,  i,  152  ;  Hahn,  No.  37; 
Jnd.  Ant.,  iii,  250 ;  Leger,  Conies  slaves.  No.  11,  p.  235  ;  Magyar  Folk*taUs, 
p.  301,  and  notes,  p.  421  ;  Naak^,  Slavonic  Tales,  **The  Language  ot 
Animals" ;  Payne,  Arabian  Nights,  i,  14  ;  Piohle,  Kindemidrchen,  No.  7  » 
Deutsche  Sagen,  i,  131  ;  Sagas  from  the  Far  East,  p.  21  ;  Satujaja  Tarinoita, 
ill,  p.  37  ;  Schreck,  Nos.  3,  6 ;  Straparola,  12th  Night,  fable  3  ;  Tales  of  the 
Alhambra,  *' Legend  of  Prince  Ahmed  al  Kamel" ;  Tylor,  Prim,  Cult.,  i, 
190,  469;  Webster,  p.  136;  Wright,  The  Seven  Sages,  p.  106,  "The 
Ravens"  ;  etc.  And  see  Philostr.,  Vit.  Ap.,  i,  20  fin.  Arabian  and  Persian 
traditions  represent  Solomon  as  acquainted  with  the  language  of  beasts  and 
birds. 

In  an  Icelandic  tale  a  bird  understands  and  speaks  the  tongue  of  men 
(Arnason,  430). 

See  note  on  Talking  Birds, 

33. 

(P.  238.)    For  **  obstacles"  created  to  hinder  pursuit,  see  also  Nos.  118, 
119,  and  cf.  Am.  F.-L.  Journal,  i,  54  ;  iv,  19  (a  Samoyede  tale ;  see  Castr^, 
Ethnologische    Forlesungen,   p.    165) ;  Arnason,  Icelandic  Legends ^  p.  521 ; 
Asbjomsen  and  Moe,  i,  p.  86,  No.  14  ;  Asiatic  Researches,  xx  (1836),  p.  347  ; 
Athanas'ev,  i.  No.  3^ ;  Brsga,  No.  6 ;  Brockhaus,  Berichte,  1861,  pp.  225-9 ; 
Busk,  "  Filagranata,"  No.  i,  p.  8  ;  Callaway,  Zulu  Tales,  pp.  5i»  53«  64,  9O1 
145,  228  ;  Campbell,  i,  Ixzvii-Ixxxi,  xc ;  i,  33,  No.  2,  **  Battle  of  the  Birds"  ; 
Carleton,  Traits  and  Stories  of  the  Irish  Pecuantry ;  Cosquin,  i,  133  if.  ;  Crane, 
p.   29,  "The  Fair  Angiola"  ( =  Gonzenbach,  No.  53),  and  see  p.  335,  note; 
Dasent,  p.  71,  "The  Mastermaid" ;  p.  285,  "The  Widow's  Son";  p.  311, 
"  Father  Weathersky"  ;  Eidelyi-Stier,  No.  4 ;  F.-L.  foumal,  i,  235  (Mala 
gasy),  286  (Ananci),  323  (Irish  tale,   "Grey  Norris") ;  ii,   15  (Polish),  31 
(Malagasy) ;  Frere,  O.  D,  D.,  "  Truth's  Triumph",  50,  63  ;  Friis,  pp.  49,  $8 ; 
GM^xX,  Mod,  Greek  TaUs,  "  Starbright  and  Birdie",  "  The  Golden  Casket", 
"  The  Scab  Pate"  ;  Germania^  1870,  No.  6  (Lapp  tale) ;  Gonxenbacb,  Nos, 

K  K 


49S  Norms. 

$3,  64 :  Coliiagisiht  Gilihrie  Ataeigni,  1862,  p.  iisS  (^^onBl 
No.  79,  "The  Waler-Nix"  ;  Gub«n>lii,  Z.  M.,  i,  166,  17s ; 
No.  I  and  Ho.  45  ;  Ilaltrrch,  No.  37 ;  Imbtiani.  AW.  ^fior.,  pp.   11,  4td 
Xatha  Saril  Sagam,  ^k,  vii,  ch.   39 ;    Kenned)',   Firtu'de  SlerUs,   p,   6t8 
Kohler,   Orirnt  und  OaidtHl,  ii,   103,   107,   iii,  114:   Lung,   Ciulfm  c 
Mylli,  pp.  6SIT.,  and  A'A'.   C<lr.,  i.  ill.  "Nicbt  Nought  Noibine";  Ltgntb\ 
of  Ike    IVigwarn,    p.    6r,    "Eiploits    of  Grasshopper";    Leijuig  AnuUmjff3 
1861,  bk.  Tii,  p.  203  el  le?  (Sanskrit  Ule  of  SomMJeva) ;  Lokieni  No.  gsj 
Lewia  (Capt.),  Exercises,  etc.,  and  Peputer  TaJft  (Calcutta,   1S74),  p.  B5fl 
Uaclnnes,  pp.   iff.,  437;    Magyar   Felk-taUs,    pp.    '57  ff.  ;    Maipons.    ." 
Stmdallayre,  i,  41-4G:   Miluiitu,  ii,  col.   214  (Samoa),  40S!   Mfmems  A 
fAeadimie  dc    Vicniie,  vol.  ixiii   (1874),  p.  327;    Niakt,   Slavonic 
"The  Wonderful   Hair"  and  "Iian  Krachina"  i  Pedroio,  Port,  P.   Tbftr,^ 
"Si,    Vetei's  Cod-daoghler";   Piti/amerone,  " Pelrosinellii",   "The  Fle»'"t,l 
Pilici,  Tarienl  o(  No.    13  (labulaled  Polk-Lert,  i,  141);  RadloH;  ii 
(Siberian);    Ralston.    "The    Baba   Yaga",    "  Vasiliasa   the   "VTat,    and   \ 
Water  King",  "The  King  Bear",  pp.   95,    132,    140,    143,    174;   Retsri 
of  Iht-    PitsI,   vol.   ii,   p.    142,    "  Tnle   of   the    Two   Brolhen" ; 
Nos.  8.  38  :  Rink.  Eskimo  Talis,  No.  8,  "  Two  Girls"  ;  Saliiia  ja  Taritmitt 
\,   I4X,  151  i  Schneller,  No.  30 ;  Theal,  No.  v,  "  Sikulume,"  pp.  82,  8]| 
Thorpe,  Yute-TiiU  Stories,   pp.   223.  agSi    '9^  ;    T'ippen,    Aiergtauiem   t 
MasHreH,  p.  146 ;  Trans.   Aiial.  Sik.  0/  Japan,  voL  %,  p.  36  ;  Venial>k«l 
pp.  50,  157:  Webster,  pp.  113(4,  "o.  '^S. 

Compare  Ihe  Jason  myth.  To  detain  /I^etes,  Medea  throws  behiod  the 
Tnnnglcd  remains  of  her  own  brother  Apiyrtos. 

In  Turner's  Samoa  (p.  71)  ve  read  :  "  Members  of  the  teaweed  etui  in 
Samoa,  when  they  went  to  fight  at  sea,  look  with  Ibem  some  seaweed,  which 
they  threw  into  the  lea  to  hinder  the  flight  of  Ihe  enemy  ;  if  the  enemy  tried 
to  pick  it  np  it  sank,  but  row  again  when  any  of  the  Seaweed  clan  paddled  up 
to  it.     See  also  p.  IQI,  ihid. 

In  the  "  Lay  of  Rolf  Kraki"  [Coifus  /Ik/.  Bor.,  i,  190),  Rolf,  CKaping 
from  Eadgils  (Adlls),  casts  gold  behind  him  to  delay  his  punuen.  Thii  is  a 
very  common  device  with  Cinderella.  Grimm  quote*  a  Swiss  superstition 
anent  witches.  A  maa,  wishin);  lo  escape  from  their  clutchef,  must  pro 
himself  with  something  to  tempt  iheir  cupidity,  and  must  throw  it  1 
bit  as  he  runs.    The  witches  will  slop  to  pick  it  up  (71  .V.,  1079). 


34. 
(P.  240.)    The  spy  li  sent  to  sleep  by  haii-dieuing  in  Nos.  1 
152,  12S,  233,  237,    32a;  by  magic  formula  in  Nos.  44,  227,  : 
iuldre  in  No.  319, 

For  hair-combing,  «e  Campbell,   i,  61  :  iv,  283 ;   Dasent,  pp.  302,  ; 
404 ;  Folk-IoTe  fourtusl,    iii,  293,  "  Prince  Jalma"  (Chilian  tale)  ; 
'.  SS^'  3^  "■<  43°  ■  ''^-  ■  ">dscc  Nos.  239,  240,  i4i.     It  is  a  favourite  ic 
II  Lapp  stories. 


NOTES.  499 

35- 

(P.  244.)    Girls  eat  their  mother  in  Nos.  50,  53,  124 ;  girls  eat  their  sisters 
in  Nos.  1 7,  278.     For  other  examples  of  cannibalism  in  folk-tales,  see  Amtruan 
F,'L,  Journal^  ii,  54,  **  Legends  of  the Cherokees";  Asbjomsen  <^  Moe,  Nos. 
I,  52;    Athanas'ev,    i,    121  ;   Callaway,  Z.  F,    T.,  notes,    p.    158  et  seq,  ; 
Campbell,   iii,  297;    Dasent,  pp.  71,   128,  220;  Day,  Folk-tales  of  Bengal^ 
pp.  72,  79,   120,  272;  F.'L,  ReCy  V,  136;  Frere,  O,  D.  Z>.,  pp.  28,  198; 
Grimm,  No.   15;  Hahn,  Nos.  1,3,65,95;  ii,  181,  283-4,  309;   Haltrich, 
Deutsche  Volksmdr,  aus  dem  Stuhsenlandcy  etc.y  No.  37  ;  Haupc  und  Schmaler, 
ii,  172.4  ;  Jnd,  Ant.,  i,  171  ;  iv,  56;  Karajich,  No.   35,   pp.   174-5  5  -^^^^ 
sarit'Sagara  (Tawney),  i,  162,  163  ;  Lang,  Perrault,  cvii ;  Magyar  Folk-tales^ 
p.   147,  and  see  note,  p.  388  ;  Payne,  Arabian  Night s^  vi,  112,  "History  of 
Gherib  and  his  brother  Agib" ;  Radloff,  i,  31  ;  Ralston,  R,  F,  T,^  pp.  140, 
154,  165,  168,  169,  171,  179,  182  ;  ^ongs  of  the  Russian  Peoplt^  p.  169;  Rink, 
Eskimo  Tales ^  p.  128,  **  The  Brothers  visit  their  Sister"  ;  Rivi^e,  Contes pop, 
Kahylesy  pp.  210,  216,  228,  240  ;  Scottish  Celtic  Review,  i,  70-77,  "  How  the 
great  Toarisgenl  was  put  to  death"  ;  Stokes,  Ind,  F, -tales ,  pp.  5,  51,  99,  175  ; 
Theal,  JCaffir  F.-lore,  pp.  81,  108,  119,  122,  134,  136  ff.,  164;    Wide-Awake 
Stories,    pp.    loi,    171,  267.     Compare  Horace,  A,  /*.,  338-340.     And  see 
Nos.  312,  313,  and  note  40. 

The  heroine  is  accused  of  eating  her  father  in  No.  307  of  this  collection. 
A  queen  is  accused  of  cannibalism  in  Amason,  p.  413,  and  a  mother  of 
devouring  her  child  in  the  Mabinogion,  p.  353.  A  brother  wants  to  drink  his 
sister's  blood  in  Gonzenbach,  No.  7 ;  and  a  king  his  son's  blood  in  Hahn, 
No.  45. 

36. 
(P.  246.)    With   the  enigmatical  question  which  the  father  puts  to   the 
bishop,  compare  a  similar  question  in  Gonzenbach,  No.  25,  vol.  i,  p.  154, 

37. 
(P.  249.)    Compare  <<  The  Palace  that  stood  on  Golden  Pillars",  Thorpe, 
Yule- Tide  Stories,  p.  64.     (From  Westmanland.) 

38- 

(P.  250.)  Treasure-rocks  open  in  Nos.  97,  102,  103,  105,  106,  107,  108, 
194,  252,  253,  304  (stone-cross  opens) ;  usually  when  struck  with  a  rod.  (In 
No.  257  the  heroine  keeps  her  dresses  in  a  rock  cavern.)  Compare  the  rock- 
opening  in  Hiawatha,  also  in  the  following :  Bleek,  Hottentot  Fables,  p.  64  ; 
Callaway,  p.  140,  "The  Rock  of  Two  Holes"  ;  Folk-lore  Journal,  i,  274  sq, 
(Malagasy  folk-tale) ;  Grey,  Polyn.  Myth.,  p.  188  ;  Ogilby,  Africa,  p.  73  ; 
Theal,  JCaffir  F,-L,,  p.  36,  "The  Bird  who  made  Milk"  ;  Thorpe,  Yule-Tide 
Stories,  p.  482  ;  Vemaleken,  pp.  99  and  112  (by  flower),  118  (rod) ;  and  see 
Kuhn  in  Wolf,  Zeitschrift  fUr  deutsche  Myth,,  (1855),  iii,  385,  and  Schwartz, 
Ursprungder  Mythol,,  p.  177  ff.  Compare  the  divining-rod  which  discovers 
metals  and  buried  treasure. 

In  German   legend,  a  shepherd    driving  his  flock  over  the  Ilsensteiii 

K  K  2 


50O  NOTES. 

■topped  to  rest,  leaniDg  on  his  st«ft.  The  mountnin  (uddenty  opened, 
for  there  was  sprirgwort  in  hit  staff,  and  the  Princess  Ilse  itood  bcrore 
him,  and  bade  him  enter  and  lake  as  mucli  [;o1d  as  he  pleased.  On 
leaving,  he  forgot  his  siatf,  and,  in  conEecjitencc,  the  rocit:  suddeidf  closed, 
and  col  him  ia  two  (see  Kelly,  I-nda-Eiiropea-a  Folli-tere,  p.  177).  Here  llie 
magic  properties  of  the  rod  are  dne  to  the  enclosed  spriogwort,  According  to 
Pliny  (10,  iS),  Ihe  springwort  is  obtained  by  stopping  up  the  hole  in  a  tiee 
where  the  woodpecker  keeps  its  young.  The  bird  (etches  ipringwoil,  and 
applies  it  to  the  plug,  ciusing  il  to  shoot  oat  witha  loud  explosion.  The  same 
account  is  given  in  (ierman  folk-loie.  Elsewhere,  as  in  Iceland,  Normacdy, 
and  Ancient  Greece,  the  bird  ii  an  eagle,  a  swallow,  an  ostrich,  or  a  hoopoe 
\,yaVi^t,  My iht  and  Mylh- Makers,  p.  44).  The  forget-me-not,  also,  i*  a 
luck -flower,  and  derivet  its  name  froma  legend  aliout  rock-opening  (see  Grinun, 
T.  Af.,  1597).  The  mere  name  of  the  planl,  sesame,  is  sufficient  to  open  Ihe 
cavern  in  the  "  Forty  Tiiieves".  Compare  the  mxifra^  of  the  ancient 
Romans,  The  si/tamir  had  the  power  of  cleaving  rocks.  According  to  some 
l^ends  it  was  a  worm,  and  was  used  by  Solomon  in  building  (he  Templi 
without  sound  of  iron  tool ;  another  account  says  it  was  a  mystic  stone  which 
enabled  Solomon  to  penetrate  the  eirlh  in  search  ol  mineral  wealth  (! 
Baring-Gould,  /jg.  of  ihe  Fatriarehs  and  Pivfhtli,  pp.  337,  338,  and 
Gula  Hem.,  Swan's,  ed.  Wright,  vol.  i,  tdv,  and  cii). 


(P.  251.)  With  the  opening  of  the  story  compare  Denton,  "The  Dream 
of  Ihe  King's  Son"  ;  De  Gubemads,  Z.  M.,  i,  tj9  [South  Siberian  tale  died 
from  RadlotT)  -,  Hahn,  No,  45,  i,  jjS  ;  ii,  347  ;  Krauss,  ii,  190,  No.  119 ; 
Romero,  No.  3,  p.  iz;  Schott,  Walachisthe  Ataichm,  No,  gj  and  "The 
Three  Dreams,"  in  Magyar  Pblk-laUs,  p.  117  ;  and  see  the  notes,  p,  376,  for 
other  stories  of  dreams  foretelling  wealth  and  power.  Compare  Joseph': 
dream.  The  significance  of  dreams  is  noticed  in  Uarda,  cap.  xv ;  Horac^ 
c.  iii,  xxvii,  41 ;  S.,  i,  a,  33.  Sec  also  Tytor,  Early  Hist,  ef  ManH«d^i 
pp.  5-10:  Fr^m,  Cult,,  "Dreams." 


iple 


(P.  351,)  Fordetecling  the  smell  of  human  flesh,  cf  Amason,  p.  454  ;  Bleek, 
Holttnlol  Fal'lts,  p.  60;  Busk,  p.  6  ;  Callaway,  p.  49,  "  Ujiembeni"  ;  Campbell, 
i,  9,   252;  Dn  Chaillu,  Ashanga  Land,  p.   107,   "  Lf  gend  of  Fougatnon"  j 
Clouslon,  i,  134.  noU :  Cosquin,  i,  loj ;  Crane,  pp.90. 340  ;  Dasent,  pp.  59, 
146,  and  "  Rich  Peter  Ihe  Pedlar,"  p.  109  ;   Day,  Lai  Behaii,  Foli-lales  ej 
Bengal,  pp.  73,  77  ;  F.-L.  Rec,  iii,  41  (from  Mentone)  1  210  (Daniih  I*Ie, 
Crrundivig)}  iv,   T47  and  tjg  (Portugnese,  Coelho)  ;  F.-!.,  Jounial,  ii,  68,  1 
"  Mally-Whuppy";  iii,  296  and  300  (Chilian)  i  vi,  1 29,  "  The  Three  Lem< 
(llungariin) ;  Grey,  Folyii   Mylk.,  pp.  34,  64  ;  Grimm,  Nos.    is.   39,   165  |,fl 
Lewin,  Exeriiiti,  iU.,  and  Pspulat  Talti  (Calcutta,  iS74)i  p.  S5  )  MacInnei^T 
Folk  and  B^m  Tain,  p.  II3  ;  Magyar  Foli-talis,  pp.  55,  241,  and  seep.  340  f  I 
Pedroso,  pp.  105,  109  [  Pcrrault.  "  Le  Petit  Poucet"  ;  Petilol,   T'od,  iitd.  <t 
Canada  Nord-Omil,  Paris,  i386,  p.  171 ;  Ralston,  pp.  100,  i$4  ;  Tb«*),J 


% 


KOTES,  sol 

pp.  124,  138  ;  Thorpe,  YuU- Tide  Stories,  "  Rich  Peter  the  Huckster,"  p.  322, 
^^^  P*  339 ;  Vemaleken,  pp.  38,  141,  351  ;  Webster,  pp.  17,  97 ;  Wide- 
Awake  Stories i  pp.  58,  172, 

The  Eumenides  smelt  oat  Orestes.  "  'O^m^  Bportiuv  alfidrwv  fit  vpoaycXa.*' 
Earn.,  244  (see  LaDg,  Perrault,  cvii). 

Sigmund  and  his  coasin,  wandering  in  the  snow  apon  the  Dofrafells,  weary 
and  wayless,  come  to  a  homestead  wherein  the  womenfolk  hide  them  from 
the  goodman.  When  the  rough-tempered  man  enters,  he  casts  up  his  nostrils, 
and  asks  who  has  come.    (C  P.  B,,  i,  511.) 

Hidimbas,  the  r&kshasa  in  the  Mahibh&rata,  smells  man's  flesh  from  afar, 
and  orders  Hidimba,  his  sister,  to  fetch  it  him ;  but  she,  like  the  ogre's  or 
monster's  wife  in  so  many  tales,  befriends  the  slumbering  hero.  Thor  and 
Tew  come  into  giant  Hymi's  house,  where  they  find  his  goo-headed  grand* 
mother,  who  hides  them  under  the  caldron.  So  the  devil's  grandmother  protects 
the  luck-child  (in  Grimm's  No.  29)  when  the  devil  enters  and  smells  human 
flesh. 

The  u^rco  of  the  story  derives  his  name  from  the  ancient  god  of  the  lower 
world ;  he  is  an  Orcus  esuriens.  Compare  Ariosto's  description  of  the  orco 
and  his  wife  {Orlando  Fur.,  xvii,  29-65) ;  he  is  blind  (does  not  get  blinded), 
has  a  flock  like  Polyphemus,  eats  men,  but  not  women.  (For  the  orco,  see 
Pent.,  i,  I  ;  i,  5 ;  ii,  3  ;  iii,  10 ;  iv,  8.  For  the  orca,  ii,  i  ;  ii,  7 ; 
iv,  6 ;  V,  4.)  Ogres,  or  men-eating  monsters,  occur  in  Nos.  312,  313,  316; 
see  also  note  23. 

41. 

(P.  256.)  Compare  No.  281,  in  which  also  the  stepmother  tears  out  the 
heroine's  eyes.  The  same  incident  is  met  with  in  Bibl,  de  las  Trad,  pop* 
Espaflolas,  i,  137 ;  Comparetti,  No.  25  ;  Cosquin,  ii,  42,  "Marie de  la Chaume 
du  Bois*' ;  Gubematis,  Sto.  Stefano,  No.  13 ;  Zool,  Myth.,  i,  218 ;  Hahn, 
No.  28 ;  Maspons  y  Labros,  Lo  Rondallayre,  iii,  114;  Pitre,  Fiabe  Nov.  e  race, 
pop.  Sic.,  No.  62 ;  N1WV0  Saggio,  No.  6 ;  Rivi6re,  p.  51  ;  Wenzig,  p.  45. 

The  heroine  is  hidden  under  a  tub,  or  trough,  and  the  false  bride  presented, 
in  Nos.  21,  54,  88,  127,  239,  241,  249;  in  Nos.  7,  24,  34,  229,  236,  237, 
240,  the  stepmother  puts  her  in  a  tub  with  the  intention  of  boiling  her ;  but 
such  fate  be£dls  her  own  daughter  instead.  Compare  the  following: — S» 
African  F^-L.  journal,  I,  vi,  138;  Coelho,  No.  36;  Comparetti,  No.  31; 
Cosquin,  i,  255,  "  La  Laide  et  la  Belle" ;  Dasent,  p.  125,  **  Buttercup"  ;  F,'L, 
Journal,  iii,  296 ;  vi,  199 ;  Grimm,  No.  9 ;  Nerucci,  Na  5.  Thor  and  Tew 
are  hidden  under  the  cauldron  in  the  hall  of  the  giant  H3rmi  ('*  Hymis-Kvida," 
Corpus  P.  Bor.,  i,  221). 

42. 

(P.  258.)  The  incident  of  propping  up  the  corpse  occurs  also  in  Nos.  7, 
24,  94,  240,  and  in  Grimm,  No.  47,  '*  The  Juniper-Tree." 

43- 
(P.  259.)    In  Nos.  239  and  241  also  the  heroine  chooses  the  worst  gifts  and 
gets  the  best,  while  her  stepsister  grasps  at  the  best  and  b  given  the  worthless 


St» 


MOISS. 


This  episode  U  very  general  in  slorfet  aUied  lo  the  "  Fr»n  HoUo*  type  ( 
Grimm's  No.  24i  and  variants,  i,  369-372).     Compare  l)je  two  ^ 
"  Goldhahnchen  und  Pechhahncben"  (Schambachund  Uiiller,  A'itderioiiiisetf  I 
Sag.  a.  Afar.,  No,  11,  A  and  B,  pp.  276-8).     In  the  first,  the  heroine  who  p 
down  the  well  to  recover  her  bunch  of  flax,  and  Iheie  picks  the  fhiit  frooi  the 
applc-Iiee,  lakes  the  bread  from  the  oven,  and  milks  the  cow,  i»  aiked  by  the 
people  in  the  little  house  she  enters  wbether  she  will  eat  with  the»  or  with 
the  dogs  and  cats,  and  aCtetwards,  whether  she  wilt  leave  by  the  gold  door 
or  the  pitch  door.     She  answers  modestly,  and  is  rewarded  with  goW.     The 
envious  alepsislet  who  declines  to  oblige,  and  who  chooses  the  best  of  evei^r- 
'hingi  gets  covered  with  pitch.     The  cock  annoances  the  return  of  each  girl  in 
the  usual  manner.     In  the  second  veraion,  the  stepsister,  who  is  very  beantltol, 
wis  idly  at  home,  while  the  heroine,  who  is  very  ugly,  do«»  all  the  menial 
work.     One  Aosty  night,  when  she  goes  to  the  well  to  wash  clothes,  a  water* 
nymph  throws  a  stone  in  her  face  and  splashes  het  with  water.      She  is  now 
more  beautiful  than  her  stepsister,  and  the  stone  is  a  great  jewel.     The  eniriaui 
stepsister  goes  to  the  well,  has  the  stone  thrown  at  her  and  tic  water  sprink  ted 
over  her,  and  returns  home,  lo  lind  that  she  has  dookey's  ears  and  that  1ic( 
face  ii  covered  with  hair.   Instead  ofa  jewel  she  has  only  a  big  Din 
makes  a  wealth;  marriage,  and  stepsi)>ler  is  taken  about  by  her  mother  ti 
exhibited.     In  this  way  she  at  length  comes  befoie  heroine,  who  makes  hi 
beantiful  again,  and  provides  for  her  and  her  mother.     In  the  Swiss  stored 
"  Goldig  Bethcli  und  Haiiebabi"  (Sutermeister,  Kinder-  und  Mou 
der  Sihiuih,  pp.  7-13),  Belheii  goes  down  a  mouse-hole  afier  the  ring  of  her  1 
spinning-wheel,  and  comes  to  beautifii]  castle  where  dear  Utile  dogs  talk  lika<| 
people.     They  greet  her  as  "  Gold  Uetheli".     Some  beautiful  children  « ~ 
whether  she  will  eai  with  Ihem  or  with  the  dogs,  and  give  her  choice  of  k 
wooden  or  a  gold  dress.     When  she  leaves  they  load  her  wilh  gifts,  and  nivc 
her  a  golden  spinning-wheel  ring.      Stepsister  goes  down  moose-hole, 
greeted  m  "  Pitch  Babi",  chooses  gold  dress,  and  gets  the  wooden  0 
has   to  eat  dog's  food.      When  she   leaves,   her   wooden  dress   is  1 
wilh  pitch  and  re^n,  and  she  has  only  an  old  wooden  spinning- wheel  r 
The  following  story, "  Die  Goldmaria  und  die  Pechmaria,'  is  similar  (Bee 
ittan,  D^Hlsihcs  Mar.icHbiitli,   pp.   63-6): — A  widow  has  a  vain  and  spaQt  ■ 
daughter  ol  her  own,  and  a  good-natured,  uncomplaining  stepdaughter  ;  both 
called  Maria.     She  ill-lteals  the  lalter.  makes  her  do  all  the  menial  w 
and  linally  bakes  her  •  cake  of  ashes  and  milk,  gives  her  a  pitcher  of  water, 
and  casts  her  forth.    The  heroine  sils  down  on  the  grass  to  appease  her 
fatinger ;  birds  lake  the  crumbs  from  her  hand  ;  the  ash-cake  has  turned  into 
atari,  and  thewaler  into  costly  wine.     Presently  she  coroes  toalargehoose  with 
two  doois  ;  one,  black  as  pitch,  the  other  bright  as  gold.     She  knocks  at  the 
pitch  door,  asks  the  dreadful-looking  man  who  opens  it  for  n  night's  lodging, 
and  is  terribly  frightened  when  she  fallows  him  into  aroom  futt  of  howling  calx 
and  dogs.     It  must  be  none  other  than  the  Thuruhrmann,  as  he  it  called._ 
She  elects  lo  sleep  with  tbe  dogs  and  cats,  but  must  share  his  soft,  while  1 
In  the  morning  she  chooses  lo  breakfast  with  the  do^t  and  cats,  but  is 
10  take  coffee  and  cream  wilh  him  ;  she  says  she  will  leave  hy  the  [■itch  d(M 


NOTES.  503 

but  is  directed  to  the  golden,  and  gets  covered  all  over  with  gold  as  she 
passes  through.  She  goes  to  her  old  home,  and  the  hens  come  to  greet  her, 
whilst  the  cock  cries,  **  Kikiriki,  here  comes  Goldmaria."  Her  stepmother 
bows  down  to  her,  and  heroine  makes  herself  known.  She  is  more  kindly 
treated  than  formerly,  and  is  soon  well  married.  The  envious  stepsister, 
seeking  the  same  reward,  refuses  to  share  her  sweet  cake  with  the  birds, 
and  it  turns  to  ashes  and  water.  She  enters  by  the  gold  door;  elects 
to  sleep  with  the  Thiirsckemann^  and  is  taken  to  the  cats  and  dogs,  who 
scratch  and  bite  her ;  chooses  to  breakfast  with  him,  but  must  eat  with  the 
animals  ;  wants  to  leave  by  the  gold  door,  but  is  led  to  the  pitch  door,  above 
which  sits  the  man  shaking  pitch  over  .her.  Reaching  home,  she  is  met  by  the 
cock,  who  cries,  **  Kikiriki,  here  comes  Pitchmaria,"  and  her  mother  turns 
from  her  in  horror.     See  note  12. 

Compare  the  Servian  story  (Karajich,  No.  36),  in  which  the  heroine  chooses 
the  lightest  casket,  and  finds  it  full  of  ducats ;  the  stepsister  chooses  the 
heaviest,  containing  two  serpents,  which  tear  out  her  eyes  and  her  mother's. 
There  are  similar  incidents  in  the  following :  —Day,  Folk-tales  of  Bengal^ 
No.  22  ;  Journal  of  the  Asiatic  Soc.  of  Bengal,  vol.  34  (1865),  pt.  2,  p.  228  ; 
Kennedy,  Fireside  Stories,  p.  33 ;  Mitford,  Tales  of  Old  Japan,  p.  249. 

The  high  tower  counsels  Psyche  not  to  sit  on  the  soft  seat,  or  to  partake  of 
f  he  sumptuous  fare  that  Persephone  will  ofier  her,  but  to  sit  on  the  ground,  and 
ask  for  a  piece  of  coarse  bread.  So  the  hero  in  the  Swedish  tale  (Cavallius, 
No.  14  B)  refrains  from  sitting  on  the  various  chairs,  and  avoids  eating  anything 
offered  him  by  the  witch.  (Comp.  Cosquin's  **Chatte  Blanche",  ii^  Qff. ; 
Katha  Sarit  Sagara^  i,  355,  Tawney.) 

44. 

(P.  274.)  In  the  following  stories  the  woman's  reflection  in  the  water 
reveab  her  presence  in  the  tree  overhead  : — Busk,  No.  2,  **  The  Three  Love 
Oranges*' ;  also  pp.  17,  23,  and  note,  p.  25  ;  Campbell,  *'  The  Battle  of  the 
Birds'*;  Dasent,  "The  Lassie  and  her  Godmother,"  p.  191  ;  Folk- bre  Journal, 
i,  236  (Malagasy  tale) ;  323  (Irish),  **Grey  Norris";  ii,  135  (Malagasy) ;  251 
(Ubn.  of  Chilian  tale) ;  iii,  290  (Chilian),  **  The  Black  Woman  and  the 
Turtle  Dove";  vi,  199  (Hungarian),  "The  Three  Lemons";  Lang,  Custom 
and  Myth,  p.  91,  "  Nicht  Nought  Nothing." 

4S. 

(P.  280.)  So  in  No.  8  the  stepmother  is  made  to  pronounce  her  own 
sentence,  and  the  false  wife  in  No.  243.  Compare  Cosquin,  i,  212 ;  Dasent, 
P*  59;  Gonzenbach,  Nos.  11,  13  ;  Grimm,  Nos.  13,  89,  135  ;  andi,  p.  430  (see 
note  27) ;  77ie  Seven  Wise  Masters,  "  The  Ravens"  ;  Simrock,  App.  No.  ; 
Zingerle,  ii,  131,  etc. 

46. 

(P.  292.)  In  this  story  (No.  63),  as  in  No.  40,  there  is  an  element  of 
**  Rumpelstiltskin" ;  the  heroine  has  promised  her  children  in  return  for  aid ; 
bat  the  mention  of  his  name  causes  the  destruction  of  the  being  to  whom  she 


504  NOl-ES. 

is  nnder  obligation.    So  in  Ihe  hero-Ules,  Not.  320,  334,  the  helpful  o: 
all  powEt  when  Ihe  boy  calls  him  by  nunc.    Sigfred  hides  his  aame  b 
Fafiii{C,   r.  B.,   i,   35).     See  Mr.   Clodd's  piper  od  " The  PbitoKiphr  oi 
Rumpelslillskin"  {F.-L.  /oitmal,  vii,  135  ff.),  and  add  the  following  l 
lift  of  vaiiiots  there  dted  : — Chodiko,  Cmbi  des  Paysaiti  el  ites  Fvtra  Slavu~ 
pp.  341-47,   "  Kinluch  Marlinko"  ;   j^ufwwin'i  4/fliiiai*«,  July  1889,  p.  33I, 
"  Peerifool";    Zingerle,    Kind.  u.  Nausm.  am  SiidDrutschland,  pp.  278-80, 
"Kugeil";  Tinls  Kind.  u.  Hainm.,  pp.  225-3^  "  Poninigele." 

Compare  Nos.  z8S,  306,  in  wliich  the  hermnc  must  remember  the  n 
of  hcT  benefactor. 

47- 

(P.  395.)    In  the  I3lh  eenfiuy  Lai  d  Yvsnct,  by  Marie  de  France,  the  lover, 
in  Ihe  form  of  a  tnid,  visiu  his  beloved  in  the  tower,  and  is  cut  by  Lnivet 
which  have  stealthily  been  placed  there.     She  follows  Ihe  Irick  of  ihe  I 
Mad.  d'Aulnoy'a  "  L'Oisean  bleu"  is  connected  with  this  lay 


48. 


(P.  339.]  The  incident  in  (he  Annamite  stoiy  of  the  crowcurying  the  shot 
to  the  prince's  palace,  and  of  his  search  lor  the  owner,  hia  iu  prolotypc  ill 
account  given  by  Slrabo  (ivii,  p,  808,  Cosaubon)  of  Ihe  myth  of  Rhodope.  1 
The  passage,  literally  rendered,  is  as  follows :—" ....  Others 
Rhodope,  and  fable  thai,  while  she  was  bathing,  an  eagle  snatched  one  of  h 
sandaU  from  hcr  handmaid,  and  took  it  lo  Memphis,  where  he  dropped  it  III 
the  lap  of  the  king  as  he  was  admiDlslcring  justice.  ....  Sliuckwilh  the 
neatness  of  the  sandal  and  ibe  strangeness  of  the  occurrence,  the  king  sent 
round  the  country  in  quesi  of  The  wearer  of  Ihe  sandal.  She  was  found  in  the 
cily  of  Naucratis,  and  being  taken  lo  the  capital,  became  the  Icing's  wife." 
■'Elian's  version  of  the  story  is  precisely  simiUr,  except  that  be  namei  the 
kini;  Psammitichos,  who  "  proclaimcl  thai  search  should  be  made  Ihrongh- 
oul  £^gyp<  for  the  owner  of  [he  sandal ;  whom,  when  he  had  discovered,  baa 
took  lo  wife."     {  Var.  HiH.,  xiii,  33.) 

Somewhat  analogous  lo  this  is  ihe  incident  in  ibe  sloty  of  the  Two  Brolhti^ 
(Maspero,  Canlci  fa/',  dt  PEgyple  ancieanc,  pp.  J  If.).     The  gods  made  «  VerjrJ 
beaulifal  woman  lo  be  Bitiu's  wife.     One  day  a  peifumed  lock  of  her  hair  fell  | 
into  ihe  river,  Coaled  down  to  Ihe  land  of  EgypI,  and  was  laken  by  ihe  chief 
washernmn  to  Pharaoh,  who,  informed  by  hii  magicians  thai  the  hair  belonged 
to  a  daughter  of  the  Sttn,  sent  messengeis  forth  lo  all  foreign  Undi  to  seek   . 
her.     Id    Ibe   Tamil   romance,    "  Madana  Kamaiaja  Kadai,"  translated  by   1 
Kalesa  Sastrf  (see  Clouslon, /^/.  Ta/ir^  nni'/fWii'n/,  i,  377),  il  a  stoiyabonl  ft  J 
princess  from  whose  bead,  after  her  bathing,  there  fell  a  hair  ten  bkigomt^ 
long  (a  bhaga  is  equal  to  Iwo  yards).     The  dashing  waves  rolled  Ihe  hair  iottt 
a  ball,  which,  as  it  lay  on  the  shore,  Ihe  King  of  Kochcbi  (I'.f,,  Cochin)  es 
Judging  ti  fede  of  Ihe  beauty  of  the  woman  from  whose  head  the  hair  h 
fallen,  he  resolved  to  obtain  her  as  his  wife.     In  No.  4  of  ibe  Folk-lalit  t^ 
Bengal  jLal  Behari  Day)  ihe  Princess  Kesbavati  loses  ■  hair  whilst  bathiogj 
It  is  seven  cubits  long,  and  she  lies  it  lo  a  shell,  which  lloais  down  li 
Sihasm  Dal   is  bathing.     "  The  gwner  of  this  hair  niusl  b«  a  lemarkabli 


1^ 

sbM^H 

ope.  ^H 
her  ^M 
her   ^1 


NOTES. 


505 


I 


VDIUU,  tbd  I  UlUt  *«  her,"  quoth  he.  Mr.  Lang,  in  his  I'trraub  (Ikxiix), 
quota  I  SuiUl  slorj  about  a  hero  whose  cruel ,  itepmother  uttempLs  to  sliy 
■he  hclplul  cuw.  Aftrr  his  Hight  and  subiequent  good  Toitune,  a  princess 
(alls  in  love  with  *  lock  ul  his  hair  llnd.  ET-aHgtIiial  Kez'iea:  Oct.  tSS6}. 
One  more  parallel.  In  the  (lory  of  "The  Wicked  Slepmoihei"  (Knowles, 
Felk-laUi  t/  KaiMmir)  a  woman  drops  her  no^c-ting.  It  is  swollowtil  liy  a 
liih,  which  the  king's  cook  buys.  Search  is  made  (01  the  owner,  whose  beauty 
indoces  the  king  to  many  her. 

In  the  Indian  tlaij  (No.  135I  ihc  bcroine  loses  her  shoe  Id  the  jauglei 
and  it  is  lought  in  vain.  A  prince  out  hunting  comes  across  it,  and  seeks 
Ibe  owner. 

Jacob  Grimm  considers  that  ihe  shoe  incident  in  Manhin  may  be  based 
upon  the  old  German  custom  of  using  a  shoe  at  betrothals.  The  bridegroom 
brings  it  to  the  bride,  and  as  soon  as  he  has  placed  it  on  bcr  foot  she  is 
regarded  as  subject  to  his  authority.  The  poem  of  King  Rolher  may  be 
referred  to  in  [his  connection.  The  wooer  has  two  shoes  forged,  a  silvei 
and  a  golden,  and  himself  fits  them  on  Ihe  bride,  who  places  her  foot  on 
his  knee  (ice  Dcoisthc  Rxhli  Alittthiimii,  Gottingen,  1828,  p.  155).  At  Ihe 
present  day  it  is  customary  in  Turkey  for  the  bridegroom  to  provide  the  bride's 
die^  down  to  a  pair  of  satin  slippers  (1  quote  from  the  authority  on  Turkish 
Marriages  referred  to  in  aote  12).  In  the  Danish  story  (No.  60,  p.  284,  «(/ra) 
we  reiul  that  a  beautiful  small  golden  shoe  is  kept  in  the  royal  family,  and 
when  a  queen  is  waotcd  a  girl  is  sought  who  can  wear  it.  In  the  Lithiiauian 
story  (No.  70,  p.  306)  the  prince  gives  the  little  sboe«  to  the  hcrobe  for  her 
to  wear  on  the  wedding-day.  Neither  in  the  Breton  story  (No.  71,  p,  307]  is 
Ihe  heroine  recognised  by  means  of  a  lost  shoe.  She  linds  two  little  gold  shoes 
near  the  beart  of  the  helpful  animal  when  it  is  slain,  and  the  stepmother  lakes 
them,  saying  they  will  serve  for  her  own  daoghlei  on  her  weddmg-day.  The 
girl  mutilates  her  feet  in  order  to  wear  them.  In  the  Scotch  story  (No.  j6) 
the  prince  gives  the  heroine  a  pair  of  golden  shoes,  one  ol  which  she  after- 
wards loses.     In  the  Portuguese  tale  (No.  S^.p.  341)  the  shoe  is  irucribcd  that 


1  the  Icelandic  story  (No.  9,  p.  143)  the  heroine 
ITS  she  will  wed  the  man  who  finds  it. 
ci  de  ma  Mire  fUye,  p.  164)  ihe  lost  shoe  lecills  Jason's 
IS  of  which,  accordicg  to  the  oracle,  he  would  lecover  his 


it  will  only  tit  the  o 

loses  a  shoe,  and  vc 

Dentin  says  (Cjn. 

lost  sandal,  by  mra 

The  IM  ikae  occurs  in  157  stories,  namely.  Nos.  I  to  13O,  inclusive,  ond  in 
Noi.  144.  i5>.  "52,  153.  '^2,  i6j,  164,  166,  I7S,  »8i>  182,  igi,  199,  aoj, 
204,  ao6.  20S,  311,  J20,  JM,  224,  235.  25s,  256,  263,  307,  310,  3:1.  In 
No.  41  a  glove  takes  the  place  of  tbe  shoe. 

Kecognilion  by  means  of  ring,  jewel,  etc,  occurs  in  the  foUowiog :  Nos. 
131-9,  141-3,  145-8,  150,  154.  155,  157-61,  167,  168,  170,  171  (the  impression 
of  the  ring  on  wafer),  173,  174,  176. 178,  iSo,  183.  185,  190-3,  195,  201,  202, 
219, 123, 23S,  Z47,  2JO,  2J7,  359,  260,  266,  268,  269,  273,  37S,  379, 3S1,  3S8, 
296,  304.  306,  309 ;  and  in  the  hero-tales,  Nofc  311-3,  33*  [trophies),  337, 
340,341  (bandage).  In  No.  324  the  priiKcss  putspitch  in  the  bero'shair,  so 
as  to  know  him  again. 


506  NOTES. 

"  As  to  the  material  of  the  Elipper"  (writes  Mr.  Ralston,  ia  his  paper  on   ' 
"Cinderella",  NiMelimtk  Cenlury,  No»cmber  1879),  "there  has  been  much 
diipule.     In  the  greater  part  of  whs.!  me  apparently  the  older  fami  of  the 
story,  it  is  made  of  gold.    This  may  perbaps  be  merely  a  figure  of  speech,  but 
there  are  instances  on  record  of  shoes,   or  a[  least  sandals,  being  n 
precious  melals.      Even   in   out   own  times,  as  well  as  in  the  days  of  t1 
Caesars,  a  horse  is  said  to  have  been  shod  with  gold.    And  an  Arab  ijeograpber,  I 
i{UoIcd  by  Mr.  Lane,  vouches  for  the  fact  that  the  islands  of  Wak-Wak  arel 
ruled  by  a  queen  who  *  haj  shoes  of  go'i^'-  •  ■  ■  Glass  is  an  all  but  unknown  ■ 
maleiial  for  shoe -making  in  the  genuine  folk-tales  of  any  country  exoept  Fnnce  1 

(Mr.  Ralston  refers  10  the  Gaelic  lale,  Campbell,  1,  225] The  use  of  the  1 

word  vcm  by  I'errault  has  been  accounted  For  in  Iwo  ways.      Some  c 
think  that  the  material  in  question  ■vt&a.lhin  tavctrc,  fashionable  in  Permilt'a 
time.     But  the  more  generally  receiied  idea  is  that  the  substance  was  originally 
a  kind  of  fur  called  vatr — a  word  now  obsolete  in  France,  except  in  licraldrya 
but  locally  preserved  in  England  ais  the  name  of  the  weasel  (Spectator,  Ju.  4,  ■ 
1879)— and  that  some  reciter  or  transcriber,  to  whom  the  meaning  of  Tiairmtaim 
unknown,   substituted  the  more  familiar  but  less   probtblc  lunVi 
Lesghian  itory  from  the  Caucasus  (Schiefner,  Jwariiihe  7'exfe,  p.  68),  ■ 
supernatural  female  being  drops  a  golden  shoe,  and  the  hero  is  sent  in  *earcli  of  \ 
its  fellow,  becoming  thereby  exposed  to  many  dangers."     In  a  note  al  the  «id 
of  hispaper,  Mr.  Ralston  refers  to  some  interesting  articles  which  have  Kf- 
peittdm  Noll!  and  QHcrusou  the  subject  of  iwi>.     In  No.  3S6,  D.  P.  c 
from  La  Colombii're's  Sdcme  Heratqw  (Paris,  1699)  a  description  of  howj 
t>air  was  composed  of  patches  "  faites  en  forme  de  petils  pots  de  vtrr^,\ 
Balzac,  in  bis  Eliutcs  philasafhijHti  siir  Catherine  de  MMiiis,  published  io^ 
1S36,  wrote  as  follows  :  "  On  dislingnait  Ic  grand  ct  le  menu  vair.     Ce  mot 
depuis  cent  ons,  est  si  bien  tomb^  en  desui^'tudc  que,  dans  un  nombie  infini 
d'&litLDns  des  contes  de  Perrauit,  laci^lcbrc  pantouHede  Cendiillon,saii£  doule 
de  menu  vair  [or  miniver]  est  prcieatiie  comme  etant  de  vcrre." 

In  74  instances  out  of  rj7,and'probably  in  Nos.  66,  107,  166, 197,  theshocis 
goldiK,     In  57  stories  {Nos.  1,  5,  7,  9,  16,  18,  29,  31,  35,  36,  45,  46,  50-54, 

57,58,  68,70,  76,  78,81,88,   89,   99.    100-106.    108,  109,    111,    118.  130.    IIJ, 

124,  <26>  "7,  lag,  130,  144.  iS'i  '53-  '75.  181,  199.  w>4.  206,  214,  256,  263, 
310)  it  IS  net  desiritttil.     In  No.  d  (and  (?)  No.  31)  it  is  iilvir.     Id  No.  1711 
is  the  imalltit  ol  a.iavX  shoes  caught  in  the  pitch.     In  Nos.  49,  73,  232,  it  Ul 
liny.     Jn  No.  48  it  is  tilk ;  No.  56,  pearUembraidirid ;  Nos.  93  and  220(^J 
satin  ;  No.  iia,  ifuitgltd  wtth  jciticlt ;   No.  125,  ^Id-embmidcrtd i  No.  1641  ■ 
•  maiihltis";   No.  211,   r«^  mcniii*;  and  in  No.  311  they  are  "  j* 
In  No.  67  it  is  a  het. 

I  have  found  only  lii  instances  of  gtan  shms  being  worn  by  the  heroine..! 
The  stories  in  which  they  occur— Nos.  4,  21,  72,  91,  '5*.  ""1*  "™''  "*  * 
(crystal) — have  evidently  been  subjected  to  a  French  influence,  and  that  K 
comparatively  recent  date.  They  are  from  Scotland  (4,  152).  theNethertandtB 
(134,  KoU),  France  (91,  Pcriaull's),  Catalonia  {72),  and  Chih  (2t).  There! 
are  diamand  ihots  in  the  Venetian  story  (20),  and  in  the  Danish  story  (44),  I 
There  ia  an  Irish  story  (from  Tratee,  Tlppeiaiy)  in  which  the  hero,  who  J 


NOTES. 


507 


I 


ddivcrt  ±  prineen  from  tbe  sea-setpent  whicli  comes  every  ycac  lo  devour  one 
oflhe  king's  daughters,  wear j  a  pur  lAbluc  glmt  ihaa.  Tbe  princess  cauhci 
hotdof  oneorihem  when  he  is  riding  away.  It  will  6I  no  oue  but  the  owner, 
who  in  the  eod  marries  the  princess  (see  l-'otk-hrt  /vunial,  i,  54-5).  When,  in 
the  Kabyleatoiy,  "LesDeunFrcres"  (Riviere,  pp.  iy3-yl.  Moh'amed  slays 
the  seven-headed  serpent  that  guarded  llie  (buntain,  thereby  dcllveilllg  ihc 
princess  who  bnd  lo  supply  u  with  foul,  she  carries  off  one  of  his  sandab. 
The  kin^  has  it  tried  on  all  (he  inhabitants  of  the  town,  but  it  (its  Dobody. 
When  tile  hero  is  found,  ihe  king  give^  him  bis  daughter,  yields  the  kingdom 
to  him,  and  himself  becomes  his  minister.  Numerous  inslances  of  recogtiiliun 
being  brought  about  by  means  of  a  shoe  occur  in  jlories  not  belonging  to  tbe 
Cinderella  gtoop.  For  example,  ef.  "  La  Princesse  Encbaotee",  which  story 
b  about  a  youngest  son  who,  after  various  adventures,enler»  magie  castle,  finds 
sleeping  beauty,  embraces  her  and  wakes  her.  Afraid  of  his  own  boldness,  he 
springs  up,  and,  in  his  haste  lo  get  away,  puts  on  one  of  her  shoes  and  one  of 
his  own.  Princess  pursues  him,  but  cannot  catch  him.  She  ii  very  unhappy, 
builds  bersetf  beautiful  caalle,  and  inscribes  on  door  that  any  traveller  will  be 
lodged  free,  on  condition  ihat  he  tells  his  name,  whence  he  corner,  whither  he 
goes,  and  onyihing  extraorduiaty  that  has  ever  befallen  him.  Hero  comes  to 
castle,  is  entertained  by  princess  and  made  tu  recount  hi&  adventures.  She 
asks  whether  he  did  nol  find  a  sleeping  princess  in  the  magic  castle,  and  finally, 
whether  he  did  nol  cany  away  something.  Gold  shoe  is  shown  and  compared 
with  princess's.  She  embrace)  him,  thanks  him  for  having  slain  black  cat 
which  heU  her  enchanted,  and  fur  having  given  ihe  awakening  kiss.  They  are 
married.  (Luiel,  Contci/n/.  Jt  la  BanfJinlasit',  Paris,  1887,  vol.  iii,  pp. 
^3''5-)  The  following  are  variants  of  Ihe  same:  Artkiv  fur  sUrsU^ke 
J'kihhgit,  ii,  1876,  pp.  614-16  ;  Butk,  1678  ;  Bochon,  La  Gmt  cattlintniale 
el  ia  Morit,  p.  367  ( —  Lrgiand,  p.  145)  ;  Cosquio,  ii,  6g,  "  La  Pantoufle  de  la 
PrinceMe";  Doion,  CnHto  n/iinna/j,  No.  IS;  Gaal-Slier.  No.  l;  Grimm, 
No.  iii.Tarianl.  ii,  411;  Hahn,  No.  5*  i  Hallrich.  No.  m;  f^hrbu.h /ur 
remaniiikc  and  i-agliuhc  LiUialur.  vii,  p.  3B4  ;  Zmgerle.  i,  No.  33.  Simi- 
larly, the  rccognirion  by  means  of  a  ring  occurs  in  a  number  of  stories  which  are 
not  CbiderelUslories  (e^.,  Grimm,  Nos.  93,  loi,  Etc) 


'.  307.1    The  following  i! 
iii,  204-7  (April,  18(13), 


49. 
a  nrianl  of  (he  Breton  (ale  :  Gipsy -lort  Jau 
Talcs  in  a  Tent,"  by  John  Sampson ; — 


"  De  Littlk  Fox." 


An  old  witch,  who 


King  and  queen  have  lovely  daughter.  Qui 
lives  at  palace  lodge-house,  talks  lo  the  king  when  she  comes  lo  do  work, 
and  perceives  tlial  his  daughter  gets  jealous.  She  teaches  heroine  sewing, 
and  makes  her  come  for  her  lesson  before  having  breakfast  On  the  way 
heroine  picks  and  eats  a  grain  of  wheal  \  and,  since  it  is  God's  grain,  wile 
has  no  power  over  hn.  This  she  does  two  morning:.  On  ihe  third  morning 
she  only  picks  up  a  bit  of  unuige.peel,  and  ihe  old  "  wise  woman"  [^-.'ifti 
jprji)  bewitches  her,  and  never  sends  for  her  again.     Witch  lells  king  Us 


She  n 


t  be  burned,  uccordi: 


IB  to  e 


t  ui» 


cliair  U  got  [»dy,  and  a  carl-load  of  faggoLi  iipread  round  Ji. 
U  placed  in  ihc  chair,  and  ihe  lire  is  abgut  to  be  kindled,  when  An  old  gentlc- 
ni»ii  appeals  ("  My  ole  dubel,  10  be  sliuah  !")  and  begs  king  nol  to  destroy 
her,  but  have  her  placed  in  an  old  boat  on  the  moal  surrounding  park.  This 
is  done.  In  course  of  time  heroine  bears  little  fox,  which  immediately  speaks 
and  proposes  going  lo  grandraiher's  to  get  food  for  its  molher.  She  fears 
dogs  will  woity  it ;  but  fox  pa^es  ihe  dogs  unnoticed,  meets  old  wiicb  coming 
oat  of  hall,  and  asks  to  see  the  king.  Hearing  what  Utile  fox  wants,  king 
bids  cook  fill  basket  with  wine  and  victuals,  which  fox  carries  safely  lo  il* 
mother.  Three  times  he  fetches  her  food.  The  second  time  old  witch  begins 
to  suspect.  The  third  lime  heroine  dresses  fox  in  beautiful  robe  of  fine 
needlework.  King  asks  fox  who  his  mother  is,  and  who  made  him  the  robe  ; 
and  king  weeps  biltcrly,  ihinking  bis  own  dear  child  is  dead.  Fox  begs  him 
to  arrange  n  parly  thai  afternoon  at  palace,  and  then  he  shall  hear  who  made 
the  robe.  But  fox's  mother  must  be  presenu  King  si  last  agrees.  Fox  aays 
there  must  be  slory-lelling  and  Ihose  Ihal  can't  sing  most  letl  a  tale.  King 
must  invile  as  many  people  as  possible,  and  be  sure  to  bring  the  old  ladjr 
who  lives  al  the  lodge.  So  it  happens.  After  the  dinner,  when  it  comes  to 
heroine's  turn  to  sing  or  letl  a  tale,  she  says  she  cannot,  but  her  little  fox 
can.  "Turn  out  thai  fox,"  says  the  witch,  "be  stinks  t"  and  inlerrupta 
again  with  the  same  words  m  Ihe  Utile  foK  proceeds  with  his  story  of  all  that 
has  befallen  the  king's  daughter,  and  of  the  e^  and  bacon  that  Ihe  witch  fried 
for  her,  and  ils  effecl  upon  her.  And  he  points  out  the  witch.  Afterwards, 
when  walking  in  ibe  garden,  fox  takes  leave  of  his  mother,  strips  off  his  skio, 
and  tlies  away  in  (he  form  of  a  beautilul  white  angel.  The  wllch  is  burned  In 
the  iron  chair  that  was  meant  Tor  the  king's  daughter. 


I 


50. 

(P.  jn.)     "  Iron  shoes"  occur  also  in  No.  Sg.     Ci.  Comparelli,  No,  $1 ; 
Crane,  pp.  7,  142,  323,  324;  Dozon,  Cuii/ei  AliaHaii,   No.   11,   "L«  B«tle  | 
de  la  Terre"  [   folk-lore   Kec,  iii,  331,  "  Prince  Wolf"  ;  F.-L.  fouraal,  ii 
395  (Chilian  pop.   tale] ;   GoDienbach,  No.  31 ;  Giadi,   Vigilia,  p,  36  ;  De  I 
Guheroatis,  Slo,  Su/atw.  No.  14  j  Hahn,  Nos.  73,  13a  :   Magyar  F«lt-lalis,  I 
p.  262 ;  Ortoli,  p.  S  ;  PcntameraHt,  v,  4  ;  Piire,  No.  56 ;  Veraolchen,  p.  35; 
Webster,  p,  39  ;  Wolf,  DiHlsihc  Hausmar.,  No.  19,  "Die  eisemcn  Sliefcl," 
pp.  7S-9, 

In  Hahn's  No.  103  ihe  father  will  marry  hit  daughter's  teacher  when  hk  | 
shoes  become  red.     In  Grimm's  No.  13  Ihe  boot  with  a  hole  in  the  sole  m 
hold  water  lirsl. 

Stone  shoes  must  be  worn  Ihiough  m  Sai^ai/rom  lie  Far  Fail,  p.aiy. 

5"- 

(P.  313.)    For  jewels  or  gold  from  the  rooulh,  d.  Bcnfey,  J^iiliiAataHtra,i 
379-80 ;   Ca»allius,   No.   vii,  Cj  Chambers,  p.    loj;   Cosquln,  ii,  llS  ff.  i 
Dosont,  "  Bushy  Uride" ;  Day,  Felb-taUs  ej  Bittgal,  No,  S,  p.  97  j  I 


NOTES.  jog 

0.    A   A,  p.   339i  No,  31  i   Grimm,   Not.  13,  24;    GnuidtTig,   iii,    lis; 

Minnef,  No.  33  (a  HiouUyan  UUe) :  Moaseur,  FetkUrt  tl'al/irn,  p.  50 ; 
Pcrrault,  "LesF^"!  rarlngHese  Tain,  No,  18,  pp,  75-79;  Sagai /ram  He 
Far  Bast,  pp.  18,  49  j  Saairi,  DravUian  Nighli,  p.  lag  j  Stokes,  p,  13,  No. 
J;  Temple,  Le^:  oj  Ikf  Funjab,  p.  233. 

Rmm  btt  from  the  mouth  in  Gonienl«ch,  No.  34;  llnhn.  No.  IK; 
Karajich,  No.  35  ;  FenlamcruHe,  4,  7  ;  Pitrd.  No,  63.  Comp.  Riri^re,  Cimit! 
Kabyln,  p.  Jl.  When  the  heroine  laoghs  the  sun  shines,  when  the  weeps,  it 
rains,  and  toses  fall  u  ihe  valkc.  This  u  like  the  sloiy  of  the  Mussolmui 
in  loot  Night!,  Spilta-Bcy's  No.  11,  and  the  Roumaaian  sIor7  \Das  Amland, 
1858,  p.  90).  Compare  Glinski,  iii,  97  ;  Schneller,  No.  2I,  The  hero 
liughs  rasa  in  Tuli-Namth  (vol.  ii,  p.  72;  Roien'f  (rant.).  In  a  modem 
Greek  song,  when  the  charmbg  maid  laughs,  roses  bll  into  her  apran 
{h-Toi  7iAf,  «dI  r^f TOMt  ra  ^<l9ci  'f  TJ)v  irntKU  ml),  Faariel,  2,  3S2.  In  Heinr. 
von  Neueiutadt's  Apollonius  of  Tyre  (composed  ■-.  1400),  it  is  asked,  L  1S2, 
"  iii  xich  man  rosea  lacben  ?"  and  then  follows  a  tale  about  »  man  who 
f   taught  roses.    The  same  poem  of  ApoUonius  haii,  at  L  2370  -■ 


Grimm    remarks   that  the    myth  must  have  been   very  popular,  as  he  has 
liefiuenti;  found  in  records,  and  even  at  the  present  day,  the  name*  Rosen- 

ler,  Rosentachler,  Blumlacher.     (Trut.  Mylk.,  lioi.) 

Lnd  see  Nos.  St,  89,  nS,  of  this  coUecliou. 


{P.  320.)  Compare  No.  100,  in  which  the  stepmother  throws  the  heroine's 
I  children  into  a  pond.  The  incident  recurs  in  Arnason,  pp.  370,  41 ),  413,428. 
In  each  of  the^e  stories  (except  No.  100)  the  heroine  is  calumniated  and  cut 
forth  ;  but  her  life  is  spared,  and  her  children,  who  have  been  rescued,  are 
restored  to  her.  She  is  evenluattjr  reunited  to  her  htuband.  See  Ihe  references 
given  in  note  zo. 

S3- 

P.  333. J  In  the  story  of  "The  Golden  Duck"  (Geile,  I'Mimd'-iktn  dir^ 
I  Biikmm,  No.  v)  a  fairy  presents  a  good  girl  with  Ihe  gift  thai  her  tears  shall  be 
pearls,  and  the  hair  the  combs  out  gold.  When  she  grows  up  she  is  betrothed 
because  of  these  gifts  and  of  her  beauty,  to  a  count,  who  has  heard  of  her 
from  her  brother.  liul  she  must  never  allow  a  single  TKf  of  sunlight  to  (all  on 
her,  or  these  magic  attributes  will  discontinue.  On  the  way  to  her  bride- 
groom she  ti  accompanied  hy  her  aunt  and  cousin,  with  whom  she  has  been 
brought  np ;  and  once,  when  the  aant  is  opening  the  door  of  the  carriage,  one 
ray  of  sunlight  Gills  on  the  bride,  and  she  is  instantly  changed  into  a  gulden 
duck,  which  swims  awaf .  The  aunt  presents  her  own  daughter  to  Ihe  count 
as  the  bride.     (The  story  is  a  variant  of  Grimm's  No.  t3S.) 

The  ray  of  light  which  pierces  the  tittle  crack  in  the  door,  In  Grimm's 
llory  of "  The  Singing,  Soaring  Lark,"  lT»Qslonat  the  lion-prince  into  a  dove. 


In  Gonzcnliftch't  No.  32  (which  liai.inany  of  ibe  incidents  coroi 

ella  rales),  Calenna  must  nnt  go  neat  llie  tea,  or  the  will  turn  into  a  sei- 

serpent.     In  Schnetler's  No.  12  the  heroine  miui  beware  al  >  aj  of  mnlighl. 

S4. 

C-  343')     There  is  a  gold  ass  »lso  in  No.  145,  which  story,  haiing  abo  llM; 
fairy,  godmother,  is  probably  derived  from  or  mliuenced  by  Perratiirs  1 

For  gold- producing  animals,  cf.  Arnaion,  p.  566  (marc)  ;  AsbjiimseD,  No,  I 
7  (Kual)  ;  Doion,  No,  17  (lion) ;  Erdelyi'Stier,  No.  II  (lamb)  ;  EUar,  p.  ■$()■ 
(hen);    F.-L.  Jettmal,  vi,  21,  Aino  lale  (gold  puppy  and    silirer  puppy^fV 
GliniVi,  iv,  106  (tamb) :  Gonzenbach,  No.  ;i  (ai>| ;  ttaibg  Gould  (Appeoducl 
on  Houiehold  stories,   in  [lendetton's  Nsrth.   CoHiitiei,  1S66],  No.  7  (asi)  {■ 
Grimm,   No.  36  (ass).   No.    I3Z  (hean  of   bird)  j    LooteuE,   p.   9  (>heep)|l 
Fmlschsltmlra.  blf.  iii,  Fable  S  (swan's  gold  feather),  and  Fable  13  (bird)  if 
Frnlameroni,  \,   I  (ass)  i  Nateia  Sasiri,  Dravidian  Nighlt,  pp.  129,  149  fT.  ^ 
Schneller,  No.   15   (ass);  Seholt,    No.   zo  (ass)  1  Slrackeijui,  ii,  313  (hen)  ; 
Vemaleken,   No.    tl   (she-goat);   Waldau,  p.   41  (lam) ;  Wojticki,  ; 
(ram  and  hen)  ;  Zingerle,  ii,  84  (lien),  1S5  (ast).     Compare  the  gold-ptT>dac 
ing  birds  in  the  Mahahharata  (also  the  gold -producing  <jon  of  King  Srinjaya, 
tee  Clonston,  i,   124) ;  ilisop's  fable  of  the  goose  that  laid  the  golden  eggij 
and  the  golden  eggs  of  Ihc  ben  in  the  stories  of  "Jack  the  Gitni-Killei"  ai 
"Jack  and  the  Keansulk".     In  \a  Fontaine's  Canttt  tl Notntllii  ^lam^^M 
dog  "  qui  »ecoue  de  rarEent  el  dca  pierreries".     Cf.  Sagn'/'vm  iht  Far  Eiut,% 
p.  iS,  "  The  Gold-spiRiog  Pnnce." 

55- 
(P.  346.)  In  Imbriani  [Nov.  fier..  No.  xvii,  "11  Re  Av»ro"l, 
avaricious  king  forces  his  daughter  lo  marry  a  thief  who  has  iricd  to  pass  for 
a  gentleman.  Father  is  invited  by  his  daughter  lo  a  feast,  and  given  every 
dish  without  llavouring,  whilst  the  other  guests  are  praising  the  exquinle 
dehcacies. 

In  a  Hindoo  variant,  "  The  Princess  who  loved  her  Father  like  Sail" 
(Slokes,  Iitd.  Fairy  Talfi,  No.  aj,  p.  164),  the  heroine  is  abandoned  in  the 
jungle,  where  she  is  miraculously  fed.  Presently  she  reaches  a  place  where 
the  king's  son  is  lying  dead,  his  body  stuck  full  of  needles.  She  has  pulled 
all  of  Ihem  out  except  those  in  the  eyes,  when  she  leaves  a  slave  in  cbaige 
whilst  she  rests.  The  slave  disobeys  injunctions,  complete*,  the  task,  and  the 
prince  comes  lo  life  again.  He  marries  the  llave,  who  prelends  she  has 
delivered  him,  and  the  heroine  ts  degraded  lo  slavery.  The  truth  eventually  J 
comes  lo  light,  and  the  prince  marries  ihe  heroine,  whose  porents  are  invital 
ID  ihe  wedding. 

In  a  Tyrolese  version  [Zingerle,  Kindir-  nnd  Haasniiiriint  am  Tircl.  No.  ■ 
31)  (he  youQgest  daughter  gives  the  kirg  a  little  sail  as  a  birthday  pre 
and  is  driven  away.     After  a  time  she  becomes  her  father's  cook,  and  lerrei 
up  his  food  without  salt.    This  leads  lo  the  usual  eaphuiation  and  reitoialiaa 
to  favour. 

Pitrf  alto  refers  »  Slaria  dtlla  Krgina  Oln>a  figliKClc  di  Giitiieta  In^ 
tart  I  mtglU  dtl  Rt  di  Caslifiia.  by  Foriano  Pico.    Ntpl«,  17th  wnt. 


ha»  1 

uLiir^H 
vitod^H 

■ent.         " 
stoiaiiaa        wi 


I 


S6. 
(P.  3490  Dr.  Pint  sajs  ihat  this  slory  seems  a  mUlUTC  of  iwo  or  three 
tala,  and  compuet  h  (amongit  othen  which  1  have  tabulalcd)  with  "Zczolla", 
FftiiamtroHe,  i,  6.  End  "  Ccnercntota"  in  Cinque  Slant  delln  Nmna  (Turin, 
,  B.  finvia).  The  principle,  he  uyi,  ii  common  lo  many  other  lalei,  af 
which  it  would  Ik  enough  locite  "  Tlie  Emprem  Rosina"aad  "  The  Parrot  who 
told  three  Tales"  (Pitri) ;  ■■  T4a  Tfecla  e  TeopisU"  (Gradi,  No.  I)  ;  "  ZeUnda 
and  the  MoDtler"  (Imbriani,  Nmi.  fior..  No.  3i) ;  "  Fola  del  Mercant"  (Coro- 
nedi-Berii).  The  mcclings  of  ihe  joung  king  with  the  maiden  in  the  gatden, 
her  diEappearance,  and  his  sickening,  tecur  in  the  lecond  half  of  "  Ona", 
Prnl.,  ii,  6  (see  No.  I49).  The  appaiitions  of  the  fair  unknown  at  the  king's 
conn  arc  like  that  of  (iiiueppe  in  "  The  three  Mountaine  crowned  irtth  Gold" 
(Pilrc).  Ninetta's  going  into  the  prince'^  garden  ma;  be  compared  with  that 
of  the  seven  gossips  in  the  mother-monster's  garden  la  gather  jujubes  (Gon- 
lenbnch.  No.  53).     See  also  "  The  Old  Woman  of  the  Garden"  (Pitn'). 

57. 
{P.  357.]  A  similar  incident  occurs  in  the  opening  of  the  stoiy  01  "Sigurdr 
the  King's  Son"  (Arnaion,  pp.  zyS  ff.)  The  king  is  leaving  the  house  uf  the 
browD  dug,  where  he  has  found  hospitable  entertainment  for  himself  and  for  his 
horse,  when  the  brown  dog  teptoacfaes  him  with  ingratitude,  and  threatens  his 
life  unless  he  will  promise  to  give  him  whatever  he  first  meets  on  his  retom 
borne.  In  three  days'  time  Ihe  dog  comes  tor  the  king's  youngest  daughter. 
The  same  promise  is  exacted  from  the  king  by  the  lion-prince  in  Grimm's 
■'  Singing,  Soaring  Lark".  This  is  a  distortion  ofthe  Jephiha  fonnlda,  which 
\i  itself  (.as  Mr,  Lang  says,  Cupid  and  F^y.  hi)  "amoral  warning  against  rash 
VQWS,  comlnned  witn  a  reminiscence  of  human  sacriticc".  Compare  other 
stories  of  the  "Beauty  and  the  Beast"  type  (as,  e.g.,  Cosquin't  ■'  Le  Loup 
Blanc'',  ii,  215  if.,  and  variants),  and  see  also  Nos.  175  and  297  of  this 
collection. 

ss. 

(P.  367.)  For  "kiss  of  oblivion"  sec  Am.  F.-I..  Journal,  iv,  aji  j 
BM.  dc  las  Trad,  pop.,  i,  187 ;  Braga,  No.  6 ;  Busk,  p.  8,  "  Filagranaia"  ; 
Campbell,  i,  34,  "The  Battle  of  the  Birds,"  and  p.  56;  Coroaedi-Berti, 
No.  13;  Finaroore,  ^iru::.,  No.  4;  F.-L.  Journal,  i,  323,  "Grey  Norris" 
(Iiiiti  tale);ii,  16,  "Prince  Uneipecled"  (Polish  tale) ;  Glinski,  i,  134  ;  Gon- 
xenbach,  Nos.  13,  14,  54,  55,  and  notes;  Grimm,  No.  56^  "Sweetheart 
Roland";  No.  186,  "The  True  Sweetheart";  No.  193,  "The  Drummer"; 
H«hn,  No.  54 ;  Klelke,  ii,  78 ;  Housthold  Slarin  from  t\s  Land  of  Hofer. 
"Dove  Maiden";  Kohler  id  Oiienl  und  Ortidinl,  ii,  103  ^,  and  notes  Co 
Kieuuwald  (1869);  Liiiel,  pp.  j6.  39;  Maclnnra.  pp.  i  if.,  137,  438,  459; 
Maspons,  RondaUayn,  i,  p.  85 ;  MQllenhoff.  p.  4C» ;  PeHlaneroHt,  Noi.  17, 
89!  Pitr^  No.  13!  Kevue  CtltiqHc,  p.  374  IT.;  Kiviila  M  ii//.  fop.,  i, 
(1S78),  p.83;  Schmidt,  Nos.  S,  12;  Schneller,  No.  27;  Thorpe,  p.  448, 
• '  Goldtoarin  and  Goldfcathei"  ;  Webster,  p.  1 17 ;  Wolf,  p.  286. 

In  the  Lomune  story,  "La  Chatte  Blanche"  (Cosqnin,  ii,  9ft),  the  hero 


loscE  his  beauty  when  kissed  bjr  his  grand mothei.     Tn  the  KafBr  Itle  {S.  A^ 
F.-L.  Jetiriml,  i,  5),  the  man  who  has  bten  bewitched  by  in  enemy  regai: 
human  form  when  kissed  by  a  gicl.     In  sji  Icelandic  stoty  (Amaxon,  421^ 
dog  licks  the  ointment  ofT  the  hero,  causing  him  to  forget  his  love,  whn 
anointed  him. 

The  "  curse  ol  oblivion"  occuis  in  the  Legend  ol  Bharsla  Mahabhtat 
upon  which  [s  founded  the  drama  of  Sakuntala,  by  Kalidisa.  It 
through  luting  food  in  "The  Mastetmaid",  DasenI,  p.  71,  and  throngit'' 
swallowing  an  enchanted  powder  in  "  Panch-Phu!  Ranee",  Frere,  O.  D.  D., 
p.  143.  Id  Keightley's  Fairy  Myth.,  i,  74,  Ogier  is  placed  under  a  spell  by 
Moi^an  the  Fay,  making  him  forget  family,  friends,  and  country.  Ct. 
Magyar  Folk-tala,  p.  25,  "Handsome  Paul";  Ralston,  p.  iji.  There  is 
food  which  bringi  forgctfulness  in  Saxo,  Hitl.  Dan.,  viii.  In  Saxo's  account 
of  King  Gorrn's  and  Thotkil's  journey  to  the  lower  world,  Thorkil  warns  bis 
[ravelling  compaidons  not  to  taste  the  drinks  or  accept  the  courtesies  that  will 
there  be  offered  to  them,  or  they  will  lose  all  memory  of  the  past,  and 
remain  for  ever  in  Gudtnund's  realm  {H.  D.,  i,  424).  The  Danes  heeded 
the  advice,  and  ate  and  drank  the  provisions  that  they  had  taken  with  them. 
See  Rydberg,  Tetil.  Mylli.,  213,  351.  This  recalls  the  case  of  Persephone, 
who  cannot  for  ever  quit  Hell,  beciose  she  lasted  there  of  a  pomegranate. 
In  the  Icelandic  tale  the  heroine  is  warned  not  to  eat  the  food  the  Dale-queen 
will  give  her  (Amason,  516).  Upon  the  subject  of  not  tasting  food  in  Hell, 
see  Lang's  Cupid  and  Pjyihi,  nxxvi ;  Myth,  RUual,  and  RtHgian,  ii,  a6j 
Custom  and  Myth,  p.  171.  WainiimBinen  refuses  drink  when  1 
dead.  Cf.  also  Cavallius,  No.  14  B  ;  Dennys,  Folk-lart  of  China,  p.  9S1 
F.-L.  Jenntal,  vi,  19»  ;  Ralston,  p.  399;  etc  In  "The  King's  Son  vA 
Messeria"  (Thorpe,  p.  203),  forgcifulness  follows  the  hero's  tasting  of  food 
when  absent  fiom  his  biide,  and  it  is  the  result  of  uttering  words  in  his  Eilher's 
house  in  "The  King's  Son  and  Princess  Singorra"  (iiiV.,  p.  ai6}.  A  "grain 
of  oblivion"  is  put  into  the  hero's  mouth  in  No.  48  of  this  collection. 

The  "  drink  of  oblivion"  occurs  in  No.  29.  See  also  Amason,  pp.  ij6, 
377  J  Frere,  O.  D.  A,  p.  260,  "  Chandra's  Vengeance."  (In  the  Icelandic 
story  (Amason,  377),  besides  the  potion  of  forgctfulness,  there  is  a  drink 
which  obliges  one  to  speak  the  truth.)  A  hern  of  forgetfulness  hovers  over  the 
drink  in  HavarodI  Str.,  13.  ij.  In  Gudnmarki-iila,  ii,  21,  a  song  written  In 
Christian  times,  the  heathen  mythic  drink  that  was  given  to  the  child 
Heimdal  (Hyndla's  Lay)  reappears  as  a  potion  of  ( Jigelfulncss  allaying 
sorrow.  See  Kydbei^,  Trtj/.  A5'/*.,  92.  Compare  ihe  Lcihe  myth.  Grim- 
hild  gives  a  potion  to  Sigfred  which  makes  him  forget  his  love,  Brunhild 
(see  Carpui  Peet.  Bar.,  i.  289,  393.  39s) ;  (be  gives  one  also  to  her  daughter 
Gudran  {ib.,  i,  316,  311).  Valkyr!,  eitins,  and  enchan tresses  offer  to  heroes 
(heir  drinking. horns  that  they  may  forget  all  eke  and  stny  with  them.  So 
did  Gondul  offer  the  comers  drink  out  of  a  bom;  sec  Grimm,  Tmt.  Myth., 
420.  A  beautifully  dressed  and  gailaodcd  maiden  Irom  the  Oscnbcrg  oSen< 
the  Count  of  Oldenburg  a  draught  in  a  silver  horn,  while  uttering  predictions 
{DiuliiAi  Sagen,  No.  541).  Svcml  Falling  drank  out  of  the  horn  handed 
him  by  elf-women  (Thiele,  t,  67).     Svend  Falling  is  identical  with  Sicgfria] ' 


I 


WOTES. 


5'3 


(tee  Grimm,  p.  373),  In  ■  Swediili  folk-song  in  Atviduon,  2,  301,  ittree 
mountun- maids  hold  out  ulver  tankards  in  their  while  hind>.  Comp,  lome 
Norwegian  traditions  in  Faye,  pp.  aC-S-g,  30,  and  some  Danish  in  Thielc, 
(■  49>  55-  Brynhildr  or  Sigrdrifa  lilis  a  goblet  and  brings  it  to  Sigurd 
(Volsunga  S«giJ.  A  white  lady  offers  D  silTcr  goblet  la  Koch's  /Viir  1/. 
Otstr.,  p.  36;.  A  maiden  hands  the  horn,  and  is  cut  down,  Wleselgren,  455. 
bubterraneuiE  offer  similar  drink,  MUllcnboff,  p.  576;  and  9.  jiilli  hands 
B  horn,  Runi,  1S44,  8S.  Cf.  the  Swedish  talc  in  Afieliu!,  z,  159,  160,  and 
the  King  in  Aividsson,  2,  179.  2S3,  where  the  miner  makes  the  maiden  drink 
of  the  glamsknHs  koni,  and  forget  father  and  mother,  heaven  and  eatth,  sun 
and  moon.  Helen  malm  a  .magic  potion,  mingling  spices  with  the  wine 
I,  aio-ajo)  ;  10  doe*  Circe  (Orf.,  10,  235},  The  Faroee  still  call  Ihe 
I  draught  of  oblivion  ouminni  (see  Grimm,  1632).  Upon  the  connection 
T  between  kissing  and  the  minne-drinlting  at  sacrifices  and  in  sorcery,  see  ib. , 
not.  (Ati»im  in  the  Swedish  folk-songs  and  miiidi:  in  the  Danish  signify  to 
kiss.     Comp.  ptMpar,  love-potion. 

"  And  ihii  golden  cup  her  mother 
Gave  her,  thai  her  future  lord, 
Gave  her,  that  King  Marc  and  she. 
Might  drink  it  on  their  marriage-day, 
And  for  ever  love  each  other.") 

[Tiiiiiitm  imd Iiruli.) 

59- 
(P.  369.)     In  the  story  of  "The  Paunch"  (Amason,   pp.   366  IT.),  Ihe 
,   unnatuial  father  lies  his  daughter  lo  a  rope,  which  she  contrives  to  transfer  to 
I  the  Inlcb,  while  she  makes  her  escape. 

60. 
(P.  370.)  I  have  found  a  curious  variant  of  Ihis  incident  in  Engen  rrynt 
unU  Albert  Socin,  Der  Ntu-Atamais>ke  DiaUkt  dis  7i>r  ' Abdin.  Gottingcn, 
No.  XXII.  Vol.ii,  p.  75. 
roine  lives  wilh  married  brother,  whose  wife  calumniates  he 
ber  shut  up  in  her  room  and  bread  and  water  taken  lo  window, 
day  puts  snake  m  walerjiig,  and  heroine  swallows  it  UDawares. 
inside  her.  Brother,  wishing  lo  spare  her  from  reproach,  invite 
riding  with  him,  and  takes  her  away  to  ihe  mountains.  She  a 
tbim,  and  he  bids  her  follow  a  bee  which  is  passing  at  Ihe  mo 
will  lead  bet  to  where  there  is  water,  She  is  to  diink  and  relu 
meanwhile  he  lides  olT.  She  lides  after  the  bee  for  two  days,  and  then  linda 
water.  When  she  rides  back  her  brother  has  gone.  She  dismoants,  ties  the 
mare  10  her  feet,  and  goes  to  sleep.  A  prince  who  has  been  hunring  Bnds  her 
•nd  speaks  to  her,  but  the  does  not  uiswer.  He  ukes  her  with  bin  ;  and.  ax 
for  two  whole  days  she  has  spoken  no  word,  he  asks  physician  what  is  amiss 
with  her.  Doctor  says  she  has  a  snake  inside  her.  Ihej  must  heat 
■  cauldron  of  milk  over  the  fire,  and  lay  a  sieve  over  the  top.  hang  the  girl 
)w*d  downwardi  over  it,  and  the  snake  will  bll  from  ber  mouth  on  to  the 


till  he  has 
Wife  one 
It  grows 


a  him :  but 


SH  NOTES. 

dere,  and  slie  will  be  able  to  talk.  So  it  happens.  One  dij,  wben  heroine  b 
at  Ibe  wet!  drawing  waler,  she  is  carried  olf  by  n  giant.  She  is  eventually 
found  and  liberated  by  her  brother,  wbo  in  the  meantime  has  killed  his  wife 
and  set  oat  to  seek  his  sister. 

Compare  the  vny  in  which  ihe  alp  luachra  Is  enticed  forth  in  the  Irish 
Gaelic  story  (Hyde,  BaiJ'-  the  Fin,  65-67).  Possibly  the  snake  in  (he 
Cinderelk  tale  was  attracted  by  the  xtieajii  near  which  the  heroine  Uy  down. 

61. 

(P.  376.)  This  incident  recalls  Grimm's  story  of  "The  Three  Spinners",  | 
which  three  derormed  women  will  spin  for  the  heroine,  provided  she  u~ 
invite  them  to  her  wedding.  They  surest  the  three  Ma^niidaughten  of 'Arrfycq, 
For  variants  of  the  i//Hmjtf  story,  see  Buak,F..Z.  rf.,  pp.  375  PT.  ;  Chamben, 
p.  76  J  Dasent,  p.  19S  j  Grimm,  Noa,  14,  55  ;  IfswUk  Journal,  Jan 
1878,  "Tom  Tit  Tot";  Henderson,  A'^wAct-w  Counties,  p.  258.  "tlabetm 
H lint,  TV.  Romanics,^,  239 ;  Knoop,  Vatkaa^n,  Eriohlungeaund Mirth^ 
am  litni  OeslUihcn  Hinlcrpemmirn,  p.  aaj,  Iio.  12,  "Die  Spinti 
Foik-taks,  ^  \(> ;  Pedroso, /Vr/.-Tafrj,  p.  79;  Symington, /'e a  and  Ptno 
Skelthaef  FarM  and  Jttliiml.y,  2^0-.  Thorpe,  xi  and  168  ;  TnnaH  /ri>J 
Talii,  p.  43 ;  Webster,  p.  56 ;  etc. 

62, 

C-  379' )  Wlh  'tie  ihree  drops  of  blood  from  the  helpful  animal  (who  11 
here  the  Iran iformed  mother),  compare  the  three  drops  of  the  mother's  blood  in 
Grimm'sstory  of  "The  Goose-girl"  (No.  89). 


(P'  393-)  Similarly,  the  hoodie  makes  the  giant  return  the  axi 
Battle  of  the  Birds"  (Campbell,  i,  33)1  and  in  "Sdiweater  und  Bnide^ 
(Toeppen,  p.  146)  a  bird  each  time  makes  the  wltch-molher  take  back  hon 
the  aie  and  spade,  which  she  has  fetdied  to  demoUeh  the  obstacles  to  p 


(P.  401.)    CompnTe  Atnason,  p.  3G6,  "ThePanncb";  Gotuenliach,  i,  15J 
"  Von  dem  Klnde  der  Mutter  Gottes":  Wolf*  Z.,  iv,  314  [Slorac  Ule). 

65. 
(P.  409.)  The  writer  on  Turkish  mamagef,  whom  I  quote  in  note  13, 
states  that  the  bridegroom,  without  lifting  the  hride'a  veil,  or  yet  seeing  hcf 
face,  encircles  her  waist  with  a  diamond  zone,  the  old  one  being  thrown  ai 
Tliis  custom  affords  a  curious  parallel  to  llie  manlagc  ceremony  describfl 
in  the  Swedish  tale  (No.  302),  In  all  the  stories  of  this  claas  (see  Not.  zjd 
283,  2S4,  289,  290.  291,  292,  193,  294,  299,  30i),  it  is  evident  that  tl 
bridegroom  is  not  familiar  with  the  features  of  his  betrothed,  or  he  is  party  d 
the  deception  practised  on  him  ;  for  only  in  No.  190  is  the  bride  described  ^ 
being  closely  veiled. 


1 

I 


66. 
(P.  4iC.)    I  am  indebted  to  Ihe  kindneis  ofSig.  Vid  VuUlic-Vulcisavic,  or 

*  CnraoU,  Dalnuiii,  for  totac  intetesting  "  ObKmtioiu",  which  I  here  tians- 

'    l»!c,  on  ihe  5IQ17  of  "  Peptljuga"  (Cinderelli)  ;— 

"No  itory  it  to  widely  diffused  amongst  the  Southern  Slavs  u  Ih>t  of 
Cinderella.  Id  every  variety  of  cucumslince  she  U  an  unfortunate  orphan 
whose  mother  has  died  a  natural  death,  or  his  been  Ihe  viclim  of  laccitice. 
Even  the  imallesC  village  ha«  more  than  one  variant  oflheitoiy,  which  may  be 
referred  to  one  of  two  distinct  type* ;  the  Gnt  deiived  from  an  Italian  col- 
lection, ^umu //dm  i/f//i;;^f<f^;  the  second  taketi  from  the  dories  rtlited  by 
the  Scibi.      On  tbeu  two  prototypes  otmoit  all  Ihe  other  versions  are  haset!. 

,  In  Dalmalia  alt  variants  of  Cinderetla  (called  '  Cuzu-lsenere'  in  Spatairo, 
SebenicD,  and  the  island  of  Braiza'}  have  been  somewhat  influenced  by  the 
Italian  prototype,  while  the  second  prototype  has  coloured  the  remaining 
ts  of  the  Etory,  found  od  the  peninsula  of  Balcanica,  and,  united  with  the 
firet,  has  produced  a  commingled  veision  found  throughout  Dalmatia  and  Ihe 
tea-board  of  Croatia.  In  Dalmatia  it  is  always  narrated  in  Slav,  as  also  in 
Bosnia.  Herzegovina,  and  in  other  dittricls  of  the  BaUcans.  This  stoiy  bas 
entered   so  realistically  inlo  the  national  life  that  the  term    '  Pepelju^a'  is 

.    commonly  applied  to  any  poor  girl  who  h  persecuted  or  neglected. 

"  In  the  mountain;,  where  the  people  principally  lead  patloral  lives,  the 
mother  [in  the  Story]  gett  transformed  into  ■  heifer  i  whereas  on  the  coast  the 
mother  dies  a  natural  death,  or  is  killed  by  the  two  elder  daughters,  and 
mourned  by  the  youngest.  In  the  mountains,  the  heifer  is  a  sort  of  lutetaty 
genius  to  llie  poor  innocent  girl,  and  when  it  is  slain,  '  she  who  lored  it  in 
life'  (this  is  the  customary  phrase  with  the  Slavs),  '  loves  it  still  when  dead'. 
Accordingly,  in  obedience  to  the  injunction,  she  collcci!  the  bones  and 
religiously  buries  them  in  aheap.  It  is  veil  known  that  the  Southern  Slavs 
bury  their  dead  under  enormous  monuments  called  Sfecii.  These  are  full  of 
lymbolicai  signs  and  other  data  drawn  from  the  life  of  the  deceased.     More 

1    than  (htec  hundred  thousand  similar  monuments  have  been  enumeisted  in 

I  Bosnia,  Herzegovina,  Upper  Dalmalia,  and  ancient  Serbia,  etc.  ;  and  duriig 
the  last  ten  yean  the  present  writer  has  been  at  pains  to  illustiale  Ihem  wiili 
their  tespeilive  '  Ancient- Bosnian  Epitaphs'  in  the  archaiological  journals  of 
Agram,  Sarajevo,  and  Belgrade. 

"  In  Dalmalia,  also,  the  deid  mothei's  bones  are  collected  by  the  youngest 
daughter  and  deposited  in  a  tomb  under  Ihe  shadow  of  some  tree,  tncb  as  a 
walnut,  a  hazel,  a  pomegranate,  or  an  apple-tree,  etc-      In  Ihe  mountains  the 


'  Sig.  Vid  Vuictic-V'ukasovic  has  kindly  famished  me  with  a  transcription  of 
the  version  of  "  La  Cenerentola",  found  in  the  above-named  collection,  but  I 
have  not  reproduced  it,  as  il  differs  in  no  respect  whatsoever  from  C[imm'< 
"Aschenputlel". 

*  In  Bosnia,  Heri^ovina,  and  Servia  she  is  called  eidusively  "  Fepel- 
jnga";  in  Lika,  Croatia,  "  Pepeljavica";  and  in  Bol  (Is.  of  Bnua),  "  Pepel- 


5I6 

giti « 


lo  visitation ;  while  in  Dulmatia  her  dead  mother  t[ 


n  the  form  of  a  fairy  {niH/a), 


'  tppttxs  U 
itorti  ber,  and  givK  her  a  magic  «>dJ  with 
r  lo  obtain  assistance  when  in  [raabie. 
ves  appear  and  converse  with  tlie  orphan.   In 
m  carriage,  having  obtained  all  she  require! 
'  aply  appears  a 


which  to  strike  the  tomb, 

"  In  Ihe  moantains,  the  twa  < 
Dalmatia  she  goes  to  the  ball 
from  Ihe  nut,  apple,  or  other  ti 

caskel,  in  which  she  finds  the  several  dresses.  In  the  mountains  the  task 
two  surts :  up  lo  (he  time  of  the  death  of  the  heifer  it  consists  in  spinning,  and 
afterwards  in  perfortning  the  most  menial  household  duties,  and  io  picking  up 
nillet  or  lentils  ;  while  in  Dalmatia,  in  a  large  number  oi  variants,  the  todc 
consbis  solely  in  spinning,  and  is  performed  at  a  stroke  of  the  magic  wand. 
Id  Dalmatia,  in  the  several  variants,  millet  and  lentils  are  mixed  together,  and, 
by  means  of  Ihe  magic  wand,  are  sorted  by  a  number  of  birds  and  ants.  In 
Dalmatia  the  girl  escapes  from  the  ball  under  Ihe  excuse  of  going  to  dtiok 
■orae  water,  or  fasten  hei'  garters,  or  so  on  ;  while  in  ihe  upper  dtslricts  of  ihe 
Balkans  she  escipes  before  the  end  of  divine  service,  or  before  the  fair  is  over 
— for  in  this  region  she  goes  either  lo  church  or  lo  the  fair. 

"  In  Dalmatia  Ihere  is  not  always  a  cruel  stepmother,  but  there  are  in- 
variably Ihe  two  cruel  sisters,  more  ugly  than  the  youngest ;  while  in  Ibe 
higher  district*  there  is  always  a  cruel  slepmother  wilh  her  one  ugly  daughter. 
In  Dalmatia  the  eochanlmenti  are  brought  about  by  means  of  the  magic  wand, 
while  in  the  mountains  the  girl  simply  prays ;  thui,  in  Dalmatia,  either 
Spanish  or  Italian  genius  hu  had  some  influence  on  the  popular  tale. 

"  In  Dalmatia  it  is  always  '  the  king's  son',  in  the  mountaini  '  the  em* 
Perot's  son'.  The  king's  son,  in  Dalmatia,  smears  the  steps  of  Ihe  palace  with 
tar,  that  the  shoes  may  adhere  to  Ihem  ;  but  in  the  mountainous  distficis  the 
girl  simply  loses  her  shoe  in  escaping  through  the  crowd.  In  both  varieties  of 
the  story  the  father  plays  an  insignificant  n^li,  and  in  Dalmatia  next  lo  none. 
In  all  districts  ibe  learch  is  of  a  similar  nature,  but  ihere  is  some  variety  as  la 
the  manner  in  which  the  herobe  i>  discovered ;  for  tustanee,  in  the  mountains 
she  is  hidden  by  her  stepmother  under  a  trough  and  spied  by  a  cock  ;  in 
Dalmatia,  in  the  garret  or  under  the  chimney.      In  every  case  she  appears 

the  clothes  she  wore  al  the  last  church  or  ball,  but  without  ihe  correspondiDg 
shoe.      W)ien  she  is  recognised  she  is  married  to  the  son  of  the  king  o 

peror.     There  is,  however,  this  dilTerence :  in  Dalmatia  the  two  ugly 

olien  figure  in  the  wedding  procession,   and  are  punished  by  the  two 

which  peck  out  an  eye  of  each. 

"Finally,  it  thauld  be  remaiked  thai  Ihedrcsses  are  more  magnificent 

Dalmatia  than  in  the  mountains ;  for  in  Dalmatia  the  first  dress  is  of  silk, 

ornamented  with  birds  ;  Ihe  second  is  of  silver,  omamenled  with  Ihe  lishts  oT 

Ihe  sea ;   Ihe  third  is  of  gold,  omami 

mountainous  districts  the  dress  enter 

mand,  and  disappears ;  in  Dalmatia 

virtue  of  the  magic  wand. 
"  There  are  hut  few 

their  niDthct's  Sesh  (which 

aad  in  one  solitary  version 


;  persecuted  by  them,  escapes  to  n.  forest  and  [ransfocms 
henelf  into  a  setpent ;  (he  is  presently  lelransforraed  into  a  lovely  maiden  by 
a  king's  SQn  who  is  out  hunting,  armed  with  a  {jun,  and  with  whom  she  bad 
foimetlj  been  in  love." 

67. 
(P-  418.}    In  No.  33;  the  hero  has  the  power  to  become  imrisible.     With 
.  Ihe  invisible  iv>7  compare  the  lira kappe,  the  nebelkappe  ofKing  Albtiich.lhe 
I  wishing-cap  of  Fortunalus,   Perseus"  cap,  the  ring  of  Gygea  (Plalo,  Xe/ui-, 
[  359'  360)1  'be  ring  which  make*  Discordia  invisible  (Troj.,  1303-24),  Plato'sor 
I  Orciu't  helmet  ('Aitui   tivrft,   H..  5,   S45  ;    Hciiiod.   Sctil.,  217),   and  the 
mantle  of  Arthur  and  the  ring  of  Liined,  which  were  reckoned  amongst  the 
lliliteen  predous  things  of  the  Iiland  of  Brittia  ( \fahimgisn,  p.  386).     Otlier 
I   things  which  make  invisible  are  an  adder's  crown  {AtUniMrHitlcin,  Grimm, 
T.  M;  687) :  a  bird'a  nest  {Dtiirsthe  Sagin,  No.  85  ;   Haupl,  Zciiuhrifi,  3, 
ii ;  Mo&e,  Ahs.,  8.  539);   the  right-hand  tail- feather  of  a  cock  (Lnciaiu 
I  Soma.,  2S-9);  Ihe  iinger-riDg  of  Dame  Aventiure  (Saclienwiiih,  No.   %%i): 
I   faelioUope,'  SaHntuvrtiirl,  laid  under  a,  slonc  (Monc,  8,  G14) ;   and  [em-i«ed 
(Wolf,  Zeiiuhrifl,  2,  30).      So  Shakespeare  says.  "  We  have  ihe  receipt  of 
fern-seed,  we  walk  invisible"  (t  Hcnty  //',  ii,   1).    The  iVcnd.  -^■alUt.,  I, 
271a,  makes  it  blossom  at  Midsummer  noon.      In  Redeker'i   »Vj(^.  Sag^n, 
No,  46,  other  details  are  given  :  "  Fern-seed  mikes  one  invisible  ;  it  is  diflicult 
to  procure ;  it  ripens  only  between  twelve  and  one  on  Midsummer  nifihi,  and 
falUofTdiiectly  and  is  gone."   Mr.Fraxnsayi ;  "Ftm-bloom  on  Midsummer 
Eve  makes  invisible"  {Goldin  Bough,  ii,  287),  and  gives  ■  number  of  references. 
According  to  Mr.  Ralston  (see  Song!  of  ihe  Russiait  FtopU,  p.  98),  the  ideas 
BS*odatcd  with  the  fern  in  other  land&  are  current  also  in  Russia.      At  ccitnin 
periods  of  the  year  it  bunti  into  liery  blossoms,  which  disappear  almost  in- 
stantaneously, for  evil  spitiU  suarm  thickly  round  them  and  carry  ihem  oS, 
He  tells  the  best  way  lo  obtain  them,  but  the  paniculars  are  100  lengthy  to 
quote.     These  magic  blossom*  appear  on  S(.  John's  D:iy  at  MidsumiDer,  as 
well  as  on  Easier  Day  (Athanas'ev,  P.  V.  S.,  ii.  379).      A  number  of  simitar 
traditions  aliout   the   fera,   (rom  German  sources,  wilt  be  fuund  in   Kelly's 
Curiosities  of  Indo-Ettroptan  T'-odif ion  and  Pali- lore,  pp.  181,  200. 

Godi  can  appear  and  vanish  as  they  please  (see  note  6).  For  gods  becoming 
visible  Homer  has  a  ipcciil  word,  trairiiyt  :  xa^i"*'  !^  ^«>1  fial'iatai  bia\/fitis, 
JL,  2a,  131  ;  and  lee  Od.,  7,  201  ;  16,  161.  Comp,  itsnht  «vYn*ii>fnt, 
l.ucian's  Sat,,  10} ;  and  againsl  their  will  ihey  can  be  seen  of  none  \0d,,  10, 
J73).  Doarfs  and  mtn,  to  become  invisible,  need  some  outward  meajis.  The 
dwarf-tales  tell  of  HcWAz//((i  (/Jiw/i.ieJftffu,  Noi.  152,  153,  155),  of  grey 
coats  and  redcaps  (Thielc,  i,  122,  13 J),  and  of  tcarlet  cloaks  {Dtiiluke  Sagtss, 
No.  HI}).  Compare  Ibe  buldre-hal  (Asbjorosen,  I,  70,  153-59).  Grimm 
gives  a  spell  (No.  i.i)  to  make  oncsel I  invisible,  part  of  which  says,  "Christns 


'  According  to  Pliny,  it  was  the  precious  stone  heliotrope  that  would  render 
the  wearer  invisible  (see  //.  AT,  ixivii,  10,  60)  j  compart  "Sema  aperar 
pettngio  o  elitropia",  Inftitto,  xxir,  9j. 


5l8  NOTES. 

mein  Mantel,  Rod;  Stock  imd  Fiuf,  inoe  bdlige  fiinf  Wunden  mid  " 
Tetbergea  Uiun." 

For  examples  in  folk-tales  of  various  gear  to  lendet  the  wearer  iniisiblc,  see 
the  following :   Aibjorrueo,  I,  70,153-59:   Am.  F.-L.  faurnal,  \,  •}€  [aip)  t 
Amason,  p.  397;  Busk,  F.-L.  X.,  pp.  IZ9-30;  Clouslon,  /Vj».  Ta/es  and Fif^m 
limn,  i,  73  fl.  I  Cosijuin,  ii.  So,  3j6  ;    Cianr,  pp,   I,  23  ;    DaMDt,  p.   liiX 
"  Three  Princessea  of  Wttileiand";  F.-/-.  Kc(.,  i,  in  ;  ii,  10,  IJj   Frera] 
0.  D.  £).,  p.  39  ft ;  Grimm,  Dciil.  S.,  No.  85  (flower)  ;   JCatAautritsagara 
Elorjrcf  King  Mah^na,  and  slor;  of  King  Putraka ;  MaiinfgigHt  p.   13^ 
M^lusincy  1876,  c  17 ff.,  "Le  Voleur  avise'i  Mitford,   Tala  of  Old  Jaf. 
■'  Little  Peachling";  Moroll,  1305  (magic  ring  wilh  nighlinsale  in  it) ; 
roso,  Pari.  Tales,  "Dancing  Shoes";  Etalston,  R. F.  7'.,p.»53:  andfrajigl 
tht   Russian  Peopk,   p.   98;    Sagas  from  Fat  East,    p.    iS,    "Gold-ipillit 
Prince";  Schteck,  FinHisihs  Starchca,  No.  3  ;  Siokct,  No,  2\,  pp.  S9,  '3*  8 
Symington,  PinandPtHcit  Shuhes  of  Fargi  and  Jttlaitd,  p.   347  (stone) « 
Thorpe,  p.  343,  "  STend's;Eipl<»is"  (finger-atall) ;   TUiiaH  Fairy  Talei,  Nof 
10,  pp.  101. 13  ;  Vemaleken,  pp,   153  (cap),  3S9,  and  355  (cloak);    Widt 
Await  Slorics,  p.  37  ff. 

68. 

(P.  423.)  Bees  bring  the  juice  at  lloweis  to  the  mouth  of  iLe  shepherd 
Komatas,  Theoctitos,  7,  6o-S9.  Semiramis,  the  daughter  of  the  lish.goddeu, 
Detcete,  of  Asctlon,  and  the  Syrlm  youth,  wiis  exposed  whca  an  infant  bj  her 
mother,  and  mjracnlouslj  prCitrved  by  dove*,  who  fed  bcc  liJl  the  wis  dis- 
covered by  the  shepherd  Simmis  (from  whom  she  derived  her  lume),  Diodorus, 
ii,  I-30.  Elijah  was  fed  by  ravens.  A  woodpecker  purveyed  (ur  Romiilm  ■ 
and  Remus,  when  Ae  wolf's  milk  did  not  suffice  them,  Ov. ,  F.tsli,  3,  37,  54.    : 

A  wookpecker  aUo  brought  food  to  the  sons  of  Mars.      It  was  called  'AptwB 
Efirii,  and  was  held  sacred  by  the  ancient  peoples  of  Italy. 

See  also  Freie's  0.  D.  D.,  pp.  84-90  (eagles). 

69. 

(P.  438.)   Spittle  speaks  in  the  following  stories  :— Athanas'er, i.  No.  Jjfl 
Callaway,  p.  64,  "  Umlombinde";  Campbell,!,  55,  "  Baitleof  the  Birds";  A-Z 
/ournat,  ii,  14,  "  Prince  Unexpected"  (Polish  story) ;  Grimm,  i,  4 
of  "  Haiilel  und  Grethel"  ;    Kuhler,  Orient  u.    On.^n,  iii ;  Magyar  Folk{ 
lalis,  XKiiii,  "  Fairy  Helena"  ;  Kalston,  pp.   143,  "  The  Baba  Yaga,"  ifil  j| 
Vemaleken,  "  The  Drummer,"  p.  191 ;  Webster,  p.  135.     A  door,  wheD  »| 
upon,  answers  (MallenhofT,  p.  399). 

Drops  of  blood  speak  in  Kalewala,  in  Dasent's  "  Maslermaid"  (p.  71),  i 
in  Grimm's  "  Sweetheart  Roland"  (No.  56).     Tufts  of  haii  speak  in  Thealj 
p.  )3t.     Compare  the  talking  sticks  in  304  of  this  collection, 

lu  the  Eiida,  the  spittle  of  the  waves  wis  shaped  by  the  gods  into  1 
whose  blood,  when  he  was  (lain,  was  mixed  with  honey  and  made  ii 
mead,  of  which,  if  a  man  drink,  he  becomes  ■  poet  and  a  sage  {itt  Cerfui 
/brf.  Surcale.  i,  464). 


NOTES.  519 

70. 

(P.  448.)  For  the  incident  of  stealing  the  key  and  liberating  the  bird,  com- 
pare Thorpe's  ''Princess  on  the  Glass  Mountain",  pp.  86-94;  Gmndtvig, 
Ddnischc  Volksmdrcketty  i,  228 ;  Zisgerle  (Tyrol),  i,  28 ;  Deulin,  Contcs  du 
Koi  Cambrinusj  ii,  151 ;  Webster,  p.  22 ;  Romero,  No.  8  ;  and  Grimm,  No. 
136,  "  Iron  John"  (which  is  a  variant  of  the  whole  story  given  by  Athanas'ev) 

71. 

(P.  449.)  The  following  story  was  amongst  the  number  selected  for  me  by 
Dr.  Karlowicz.  It  seems  rather  to  belong  to  the  *'  Puss-in-Boot&"  type,  the 
title  alone  suggesting  likeness  to  the  Cinderella  group  : — 

E.  Romanov,  Byelorussly  Sbarnik  (Recueil  blanc-ruth^nien),  5  vols.  KiefF  et 
Witeb&k,  1885-91.  Vol.  iii,  pp.  226-27.  (From  the  village  of  Slidce,  near 
Lukomla,  in  the  district  of  Sienno,  Government  of  Mohilew. ) 

"PopklyJka"  {irompopely  "ashes"). 

The  youth  Popelylka,  who  is  always  in  the  ashes  of  the  hearth,  has  a  cat 
which  lives  on  the  stove.  Cat  proposes  to  marry  his  master  to  the  daughter  of 
Thunder  and  Lightning,  and  goes  to  Thunder  to  arrange  the  marriage.  On 
the  way  back  he  tells  Mr.  Serpent's  mowers  that  when  Mr.  Thunder  passes  by 
with  his  suite  they  must  say  that  they  work  for  Mr.  Popelyska  ;  he  gives  the 
same  directions  also  to  the  haymakers  and  to  the  herdsmen.  Cat  calls  on  Mr. 
Serpent  at  his  palace,  and  tells  him  that  Mr.  Thunder  will  be  passing  shortly, 
and  unless  he  hides  himself  in  the  hollow  oak  he  is  certain  to  be  burnt.  After 
the  wedding  they  all  set  out  for  Mr.  Popelylka's.  The  labourers  reply  that 
they  belong  to  Mr.  P.  The  cat  leads  the  guests  to  the  palace  of  Mr.  Serpent, 
saying  it  b  the  estate  of  Mr.  P.,  who,  he  tells  Thunder,  is  much  annoyed  by  the 
serpent's  proximity,  and  he  shows  him  his  hole.  Thunder  and  Lightning  send 
a  thunder-bolt  at  the  oak  ;  Serpent  is  struck  dead  and  butnt  up.  Popelyllka 
lives  happily  at  the  castle,  and  the  cat  becomes  his  steward. 

The  cat  plays  a  prominent  part  as  benefactor  in  Nos.  11,  39,  71,  and 
121. 

I  here  give  brief  abstracts  of  three  more  of  the  stories  for  which  I  am  in« 
debted  to  Dr.  Karlowicz.  The  Cinderella  element  in  them  is  not  sufficiently 
prominent  to  warrant  their  inclusion  amongst  the  other  variants. 

Ch.  Balinski,  PavXesci  ludu  (Folk-tales).     Edited  by  K.  W.  Wojcicki. 

Warsaw,  1842.     Pp.  95-104. 

"  Pan  KoiuszEK"  (Mr.  Sheepskins). 

A  young  and  wealthy  gentleman  loses  hb  fortune,  and  becomes  a  soldier 
under  the  king.  He  b  so  very  poor  that  he  wraps  himself  up  in  a  sheepskin 
cloak,  whence  his  name.  King's  daughter  is  carried  off  by  a  robber,  who  lives 
underground.  The  soldier  delivers  the  princess,  and,  after  numerous  adventures, 
marries  heri 


Sao 


NOTES, 


Sadok  Baraci,  fSajk!,  frmzH,  pa-iania,  itc,  (Cootes,  etc.,  de  In  Rulbcnie), 

Timopol,  iS66.     Pp.  118-25. 

"The  Iantbrms." 

A  pOQc  widow  bos  a  gaod'for-nothing  son.  A  sorcerer  conies  and  lake*  ■] 
him  away  under  pretext  of  leaching  him  something.  He  send)  bim  into 
saljlerranean  regions  to  fetch  him  old  lintemi.  Hero  falls  asleep  tbereuid 
tleeps  seven  }'car».  Hiving  foimd  ibc  lanterns  ind  other  tulvsmaoi,  be  letans 
above  ground.  The  king,  teaming  Ibnt  liero  possesses  talisroani  and  rides, 
wants  to  Durry  him  to  his  daughter,  but  first  imposes  difficult  taiks,  which  hero 
accompliibes  with  the  aid  of  his  talismans,  tie  marries  the  princesjand  live* 
happily.  The  sorcerer  hearing  all  ihb,  appears  onlhesceoc  to  luin  his  whitom 
pupil,  lakes  his  lanterns  away,  and  reduces  bim  to  poverty.  But  certain  grate- 
ful beasts  come  to  his  assistance  and  restore  him  to  weallh  nud  happiness. 
The  sorcerer  perishes  of  hunger  on  his  glass  mountain. 

N.B. — The  good-for-noibing  son  is  always  asleep  in  the  ashes  of  the  ttc 
and  goes  to  [he  king  dirty  and  ill-clad. 

A.  J.  Glioski,  Bajan  patiki,  4  *ols.,  sad  ed.     Wilna,  i86i.     Vol.  i, 
pp.  38-66,  No.  2. 
"SiLLv  JOHN;  HIS  HoRsa,  iirs  Quail,  ano  mis  Pig." 
An  old  sorcerer,  in  dying,  bequeaths  to  Silly  John,  his  youngest  son,  aknow*  I 
ledge  of  witchcrafl,  and  a  horse,  a  quail,  and  a   pig.      A  king   has  lhre«l 
daughleix,  and  promises  la  give  the  youngest  to  the  victor  at  the  tounuimeni 
Aided  by  his  magic  beasts  John  is  victorious,  though  bis  brothers  think  bin 
siQy,  and  though  he  passes  ail  bis  lime  by  Ihe  stove. 
[A  long  story,  embracing  a  mass  of  incidents j. 

It  may  be  well  to  add  in  outline  two  stories  not  infrequently  referred  lo  a 
Cinderella  variauls : — 

Olio  Knoop,  Volkssngin,  Eriihlungcn  umi Miirchta  aui  ilc'ii  Oalluken 

Hinierpenuncm,     Foseii,  18S5.     Pp.   192-t(kl. 

IV.— "Dmi  dummk  Hans." 

Youngest  ion,  with  magic  flutes,  scales  glass  mountain  to  win  priocess.    Ho^ 

gives  her  a  ring,  by  means  of  which  he  is  recogmsed  when,  after  a.  ye«*aV 

interval,  be  returns  for  bis  bride. 

Hcinrich  Prohle,  KiniUr-  iind  felhaiiinitn.     Leipzig,  1853.     No.  i 

"DEK   GailiT   DES   RlNGBS    UND    DSR   GEIST    DES    LICHTKS." 

Widow's  son  gels  lost  at  the  age  of  fifteen.     He  becomes  potsessed  of  light! 
and  ring,  which  arc  talismans.  He  docs  not  bide  bis  head  ascomiiuuided,when 
princess  is  carried  through  the  (own,  but  sees  her  and  woos  her,     Aflei  per- 
forming tasks  be  weds  ber. 

The  following  separate  melifi  of  the  Cinderella  story  have  been  pointed  out 
to  me  by  Dr.  Karlowicz  : — 

Wojcicki,  Klcchifyi  eU.,  il,  S3.     A  king's  daughter  must  become  a  semnt 


KOTES. 


S" 


I 

I 

I 


foriiAole  jeu,  in  order  to  ddiv«r  a  young  mm,  whohu  b«en  tramsrormed 

Ibroagh  enchanlmenl  iMox  crow. 

Kolberg,  /m./.  K'r,-itirjiitU,  ll4-'>7.  llcte  we  fiml  Cinderella  in  the  K.Ic  of 
fister-of-mercy  in  a  soldicr'i  hospital.  A  young  prince  is  wounded,  and  cc- 
cogniiet  the  priueesa  in  the  nurse  who  Utenda  liim  at  the  hospital. 

ZbiirwiaiknXeici,  eh.,  toI,  li,  pp.  170-173.  A  beaaliful  slory,  laketi  down 
in  Palish  by  Dr.  Karlowicz,  in  1S69.  (From  )lie  district  of  Lida,  Gorerntnenl 
of  Wlloa.)  In  order  lo  humiliate  a  haughty  princess,  a  king's  son  iskes 
tcrvice  as  under- gardener  at  the  palace  of  her  parenU.  Thus  he  plays  a  I'Me 
equivalent  to  that  of  Cinderella  ;  and  in  the  end  he  if.  triumphant. 

In  the  history  of  Polylecbnos  and  AcJon,  Chelidon,  her  sister,  is  forced  lo 
become  a  sort  of  Cinderella,  slave  and  servant. 

In  n,  Talmudic  story,  King  Solomon,  robbed  by  Asmodeus  of  his  magic  ring, 
is  compelled  to  take  service  as  scullion  at  Ibe  court  of  the  king  of  the  Am- 
moaites ;  after  a  lime  be  becomes  [he  lover  of  the  king's  daogbler.  Vese- 
loYiky,  Slmyaiisiiya,  liataniya  0  Sohmsnye  i  Kilovrasye  (Slavonic  legends  of 
Solomon  and  of  Kentauros — [in  Ruiuan]).  Petersburg,  1S7Z.  Pp.  iio-ii. 
Cf.  Vamhagen,  Ein  itidisihts  Mdnkea,  Berlin,  iSSa.     Pp.  19-10. 

(P.  450.}  "tt  seems  to  be  a  common  custom  with  hunlen  lo  cat  out  the 
tongues  of  the  animals  which  they  kill.  Omaha  hunters  remove  the  tongue  of 
■  slaiti  buffalo  through  an  opening  made  in  the  animal's  throat.  The  longoei 
thus  retnoved  are  sacred,  and  may  riot  touch  my  tool  or  metal,  eicept  when 
tbey  are  boiling  in  the  kettles  at  the  sacred  tent.  They  are  eaten  as  sacred 
food.  {Third  Kepo't  of  !hc  Bureau  of  ElhiioUsy{^^vMa\%\.Qr,^,  p,  agq  jj.) 
Indian  bear-hunien  cut  out  what  they  call  the  bear'i  little  tongue  (a  fleshy 
mass  under  the  tea!  longue),  and  keep  it  for  good  lack  in  bunting,  ot  bum  it 
to  determine,  from  it*  crackling,  etc.,  whether  the  soul  of  the  slain  bear  it 
anpy  with  them  or  not.  (Kohl,  KUsskt-Cami,  ii,  251  sq.;  Cbattevoil, 
Bistoirt  lit  la  NouvclU  Fraiae,  1,  173  ;  Chateaubriand,  Voyage  m  AmMi/iii, 
pp.  17917.,  184.)  In  folk-Ules  the  hero  commonly  cuts  out  tbe  tongue  of  ibe 
wild  beast  which  he  has  slole,  and  preserves  it  as  a  token.  The  incident 
lerves  lo  show  that  (he  custom  was  a  common  one,  since  folk-tales  reflect  wilh 
accuracy  the  cusloms  and  beliefs  of  a  primitive  ige.  (For  examples  of  tbe 
incident,  see  Bladi-,  Conns  ngrtiaii^  pp,  13,  14;  DasenI,  "  Shortsbanks"; 
Schleicher,  Liiaiiiuhe  Marthin,  p.  58 :  Sepp,  AliliagcrUcker  Sagrnuh.^lz, 
p.  114 ;  Kohler  on  Gonzenbach,  Siiitiamitht  MankiH,  ii,  330 ;  Apcllodomr, 
iii,  13,  3  ;  Mannbardt,  AnHks  Wald-  und  Ftldiullt,  p.  53  ;  Poestion,  Laffi- 
liindiicit  Alarchen,  p.  331  sq.)  It  maybe  suggested  that  the  cutting  out  of  the 
tongues  is  a  precaution  to  prevent  the  slain  animals  from  telling  their  fate  to 
■he  live  animals,  and  tbos  frightening  away  ibe  latter.  At  least,  this  explan- 
ation harmonises  wilh  the  primitive  modes  of  thought  revealed  in  the  fort- 
gMng  cuiloms."     (Frsrer's  GoUm  Bougi.  ii,  115,  /m/c.| 

See  also  Grimm,  No.  60,  "The  two  Brothers";  No.  Ill,  "The  Skilful 
Hnntsman";  Cosquin,  i,  64,  "  La  Bete  a  Sept  TJCes"i  Mid  Xtmargiu!,  pp. 
66  ff, ,  for  a  oambcr  of  variants. 


521  NOTES. 

In  a  story  in  A  ml  k  Journal,  New  Series,  vol. 
piinccs  CUE  ofl'  ft  portion  o(  >  lion's  Uil  u  Irophy.  1'he  palace  wubctman 
finds  dead  lion,  cuU  ofF  ils  head,  and  pretends  lo  [he  hand  of  the  piincesi. 
The  imposture  is  eiposed. 

Alcathou!,  son  of  Pelops.  killi  the  Cilhieronian  lion  that  laviges  the  counir|r 
of  King  Megarcus,  and  cuts  out  its  torque.  (PiusaiiiaF.  i,  41,  4,  »nd  schoL, 
Apollonius  of  Rhode;  on  i,  S17.) 

For  siories  (like  No.  323}  in  which  the  hero  deliren  a  princess  (rotn  a   . 
dragon,  or  monster  (St.  George  and  the  Diagon),  cf.  Asbjiirnten,  Talis  o/tkt  J 
fjelii,  p.  323  ;  Bnieyre,  "  Red  Etin";  Campbell,  No.  4,  <rar.  i ;   Ixiii  j   i,  76,  9 
77  ;  Chambcrr,  pp.  262,  296 ;  Clouston,  i,  15s  ff- ;  Comparelti.  Nw.  3a,  SS  i  J 
Coiquin,  i,   14,  19,  60,  64,  167 ;   ii,  57,  165,  336 ;  Day,  Felk-laks  ef  Btngal,  m 
PP-  73'7i  I^nnys,  Felk-lon  in  China,  tic;  Doion,  No.   14:   Erdelyi-Stier,  I 
Mo.  I  i  Finamore,  No.  19,  p.  87  ;  F.L.  Jeurna!,  i,  55?  vj,  159,  -■OeatfaofI 
Diarmid",  etc.;  Kriis,  "  Bandesonnen";  UoDtcnbach,  Nos.  40,  44:  i^  330  il 
Baring  Gould,  Curiam  Myths,  297-99  i  "^^f  Sei'iit  Ckampiam  of  Ckriilendtm^  M 
Gtimm,  Not.  60,  III  ;  Grand tvip,  ii,  194;  GuberniiU,  .¥/?.  Sie/img,  No,  S};! 
Gipiy-lore  Journal,  iii,  S4,  2aS  ;  Hahn,  No.  7qi  Henderson,  Norlh.  Cfuntiftt  1 
2S:  ff.;  HeusekM Stsrits  from  Laiid  bJ  Hejtr,  p.  214.  "The  Three  Black  I 
DogSi";  Indiaa  Aniiquary,  i,  170  ^  Jahrhuchfitr  rom.  11.  tug.  Lit.,  lit,  131  \M 
A'aiha  saril  Sagara,  bV.  vii,  eh.  42 1   vol.  i,  p.  J85  (Tawney's  Irani.) ;  Mae- 1 
lanes,  contp.  p.  299  j  Magyar  Talts,  p.  374 ;  Meier,  No.  39 ;  F'Aii,  ii,  115  |  1 
Ralston,  "Ivao  Popzitor,"  pp.  70,  347-4^;  RiviLTe,  p.  19;  (serpent  contrail  ' 
water-supply  ;  is  propitiated  daily  with  fotjd) ;  Sagas /rem  the  Far  Sail,  p.  18, 
"  Gold-spitting  Piince";  Schneller,  No.  39  ;  Scbott,  No<  10;  Sxa\^'iAraiiaii 
Nights,  vi,  "  King  Yeiren  and  his  Three  Boot";  Scbillot,  Hault  BnUgK*,  1, 
No,  9;  Stokes,  pp.  65,178,269;  Temple,  Ltg.  iiftkePitHjab,ia\.  i,  p.  \^%l  I 
Thorpe,  p.  344  ;   Vemaleken,  p.  85  ;   Webster,  pp.   So,  89  ;    Wiiii-Atiiakt  I 
Slants,  pp.  143  ff.,  158  ff.,  306  ff. ;   Wolf,  Dtul.  M.  ti.  S.,  Nos.  30,  31,  and  I 
p.  82  ;  Ziagerle,  ii.  No.  I.    Compire  Perseus  and  Andromeda ;  Heracles  and   ' 
the  daughter  of  LaomedOD  (//.,  ix,  145  ;   and  see  Mr.  Lang'i  note,  p.  517,  of 
his  fliaii) ;   Bhima  in  the  legend  of  "  Bakabadha"  (Mahiibhirata,  see  Moaier 
Williams,  Ind.  Epic  Pottry,  and  Dean  Milman's  "  The  Brahman's  Lament")  | 
the  Persian  romance  of  "  Haiim  Tai'':  the  Vedic  myth  of  the  battle  between   J 
light  and  daiknesi ;   Indra  and  Vitra  (in  Mr.  Baiiog   Goald's  opinion  the   I 
legend  of  St-  George  and,  the  Dragon  is  a  solar  myth).  I 

Si^mund,  Siegfried,  and  Beowulf  were  dragon-qitcllcn  ;  Frotho  (in  Jd.M  I 
Cram. )  overpowers  a  venomous  dragon  ;  Thor  himself  tackles  the  enormoui  M 
midgardsworm.  The  worm  given  lo  Ihe  beautiful  Thou  Burgarhiurtr  reposed  1 
on  gold  which  grew  as  the  worm  grew.  It  ale  an  ox  at  every  meal.  Ragoar  I 
Lodbrok  slew  this  enormous  dragon,  winning  the  maid  for  his  bride,  and  all  1 
the  gold  for  her  dowry.  (Fomald,  Sog.,  i,  137-8;  see  Grimm,  T.  4/!,  69a)  I 
But  the  numerous  examplei  of  treasurt-gtiartliiig  dragons  need  not  here  be  M 
cited.  I 

n-  I 

(P.  45G.)     With  story  of  shoet  danced  lo  pieces  cf.  Grimm.  No.  133  and  1 


NOTES.  523 

note ;  Gipsy-lore  Journal^  iii,  81  if.  ;  Rudolf  von  Sowa,  Slovak  Gipsy  Stories 
(Gottingen,  1887),  No.  i  ;  Stier,  p.  51. 

74. 

(P.  457.)  There  is  a  variant  of  this  story,  under  the  stme  tide,  in  Cos- 
quints  Contes populaires  de  Lorraine  (vol.  i,  pp.  133-37).  King's  ion  plunges 
his  head  and  his  clothes  into  gold  fountain  in  forbidden  ch  imber,  and  then 
flies  from  his  father  on  magic  steed,  which  sugg<»ts  the  obstacles  to  puriuit. 
He  exchanges  clothes  with  a  beggar,  covers  his  golden  head  with  a  bladder, 
and  becomes  a  scullion  at  the  palace  of  another  king,  where  he  is  called  **  Itf 
Petit  Teigneux".  The  incidents  which  follow  are  much  th*  same  as  tho^ie  of 
the  Arabian  story.  In  Kolberg's  Luti,  JCrakowskie,  iv,  52*4  is  a  itory  of  a 
young  man  with  hair  of  gold,  who,  upon  entering  service,  covers  his  head 
with  a  handkerchief,  wherefore  he  is  called  Parszywka  (le  Teigneui).  The 
story  belongs  to  the  Cinderella  type. 

In  a  modern  Greek  story  from  Epirus  (Hahn,  No.  6)  a  Jew  persuades  the 
queen  to  poison  the  prince,  who  is  put  on  his  guard  by  the  foal.  The  con- 
tinuation of  the  story  is  similar  to  that  given  by  Spitta-Uey.  (The  cow 
counsels  the  younger  brother  to  flee,  in  the  Egyptian  story  of  the  '*  Two 
Bothers".) 

In  the  Russian  tale  of  '*  Neznaiko"  (Athana»'ev,  vii.  No.  10)  the  hero  is 
persecuted  by  his  stepmother,  whose  attempts  to  kill  him  are  frustrated  by  the 
magic  coir.  When  the  colt  is  to  be  killed  the  hero  escapes  on  it ;  following 
its  counsel,  he  flays  an  ox  and  dons  its  hide,  and  covers  hii  golden  locks  with 
a  bladder.  King  makes  him  useful  as  a  scarecrow.  Summoning  hit  magic 
steed  by  burning  one  of  its  hairs,  he  twice  defeats  the  king's  enemy.  He  is 
wounded  on  the  second  occasion,  and  his  arm  is  bound  up  with  the  scarf 
belonging  to  the  princess,  whom  eventually  he  marrier. 

Grimm's  »*  The  Iron  Man",  No.  136,  and  Dasent's  **  The  Widow's  Son", 

are  similar  variants ;  compare  also  Wolf,  p.  276  ;  Stier,  No.  8  ;  Naak<$,  p.  117; 

Webster,  iii ;    Romero,  Nos.   8  and  38;   Goozenbach,  No.  61  ;    Komancero 

general.  No.  1264  (ed.  Rivadeneyra,  Madrid,  1856) ;  Bastian,  Die  Volker  cUs 

Oestlichen  Asiens,  iv  (1868),  p.  350;  Radloflf,  ii,  p.  607. 

75. 

(P.  457.)  In  this  story,  as  in  No.  30,  the  stepmother  demands  the  blood  or 
heart  of  the  hated  child's  pet-animaJ,  as  cure  for  her  feigned  illness ;  in 
No.  187  she  craves  broth  made  from  the  pigeon  which  she  knows  is  her  step- 
child transformed*  Similar  instances  in  folk-tales  aiC  very  numerous  ;  see,  e.g,, 
Asiatic  Researches^  xx  (1836),  p.  345;  Cavallins,  p.  142;  Celtic  Mag.  ^vm^ 
pp.  213  ff.,  "Gold  Tree  and  Silver  Tree";  Comparetti,  No.  68;  Cotqaio, 
No.  xxi,  **  La  Biche  Blanche"  ;  F.L.  Joufnal,  vi,  42  (Aino  ulc),  ''The 
Wicked  Stepmother"  ;  Frere,  O.  I).  J).,  No.  i  ;  Hahn,  No.  49  ;  Sagas  from 
the  Far  East,  p.  73 ;  and  the  varianu  of  the  story  (No.  337)  died  in  the 
preceding  note.  Grimm  (li,  539  AT.)  cites  a  story  from  Borira  abovt  two  iaithfttl 
frieodf ,  a  rich  man  and  a  poor  man.  The  rich  man  feigns  iUnesa,  and,  at  hif 
instigatioDt  1^^  *^^  <»*&  ^^  ^  called  in  to  see  him  aays  the  poor  ma&'a  ioa 


5^4  NOTES. 

tpust  be  killed,  foronljthe  sight  of  hii  blaod  can  save  the  ridi  n 

The  poor  man  Tetches  his  child,  and  angnidgingly  gives  him  lo  his  friend.  "I 

But  a  sheep's  blood  is  sprinkled  on  Ihe  Hoot,  and  llie  rich  man  pretends  lo  be  I 

cured  by  the  sight.     The  boy  is  kept  in  concealment.     After 

leslored  lo  his  fmlitr,  md  the  rich  man  reveals  that  his  illnes*  was  feigned  fiM) 

the  sake  of  proving  his  friend. 

In  proof  ihai  a  belief  in  the  eflicacy  of  human  blood,  i 
prevalent  at  the  present  day,  I  quote  from  ui  artictc,  appearint'  in  7^e  Tint 
of  Sept.  lo,  1892,  entitled  "  Anlt-roreign  Literature  in  China;  ifae  Caic  0 

ChoD  Han" "  Misstonaties  e.tpecLDlly  were  charged — and  the  diargecS 

have  been  made  frequently  during  ihe  past  thirty  years — with  bewitching  y 
women  and  children  by  means  of  dnig^,  enticing  Ihem  to  some  secret  place. 
and  there  killing  them  far  i]ie  purpose  of  taking  out  their  hearts  and  eyes. 
Dr.  MacGon-an,  a  gentleman  who  has  lived  for  many  years  ia  China,  ha* 
published  a  siatcment,  showing  that,  from  Ihe  point  of  view  of  Chinese 
medicine,  these  accusations  ate  far  from  preposterous.  It  is  one  of  the  medical 
superstitions  of  China  that  various  poitions  of  the  human  frame,  and  all  its 
secretions,  posses*  theiapentic  properties.  He  refers  to  a  popular  voln- 
micous  Materia  Mtdica — the  only  authoritative  woik  of  Ihe  kind  in  the 
Chinese  language— which  gives  thitty-seven  anlhropophsgoss  remediei  of 
native  medicine.     Human  blood  taken  into  Ihe  system  from  another  is  believed 

lo  stiengthen  it Human  musctei  are  supposed  lo  be  a  good  medicameDt 

in  consumption,  and  cases  are  constantly  recorded  of  children  Tnho  mutUaU 
1/iimsch.ts  lo  administer  Hiiir  flesh  to  sitk parent!.  Never,  says  Dr.  MacGowani 
has  &lial  piely  exhibited  its  zeal  in  this  manner  more  than  at  the  present 
time.  ...  It  is  very  common  among  the  comparatively  lowly,  but  more 
frequent  among  Ihe  lila-ati,  A  literary  graduate .  . .  .  cut  otT  a  joint  of  one 
of  his  lingers,  which  he  made  into  broth  mixed  with  medidne,  and  gave  to  hb 


It  is  hatdly  necessary  to  refer  to  iheveiy  widespread  belief  amongsl  sav«([e«, 
that  the  courage,   strength,   fleelnest,  ferocity,  and  so  forth  of  «  particular 
animal  may  be  acquired  by  devouiing  a  porlioo  of  its  carcase  ;  or  that  tlie 
virtues  of  the  dead  maybe  absorbed  in  a  similar  way.     So  we  read,  also,  in  Ihe 
"  Fragment  ofa  short  Biunhild  Lay"  (C.  P.  B.,i,  306):  "Some  gave  Gothona 
boiled  woH's  flesh,  some  sliced  serpents  ....  before  they  could  persuade  bin 
lo  lay  hands  on  the  gentle  hero."    (Seealto  S/ary  of  Iki  Vohimgi  (Camelot    , 
6er.,  p.  iia)    The  angel  advised  Tobias  to  preserve  ihe  liver,  hewi,  and  gallj 
of  a  Gsh,  and  explained  the  uses  ol  them  (Ti^it.  Ti.  6.  7.  S;  xi,  11).    CoiOxa 
pate  the  ma^ic  properties  of  the  liver  and  head  of  I'Oiseaa  Merveiileux  {Ia 
Tradition,   1889,  No.   ii,  pp.  33-40),  the  variant*  of  wiiich  theme  are  V. 
numerous  to  cite.    In  Persia,  when  any  membei  of  a  household  is  very  ill,  it  ll 
the  cuitom  lo  kill  a  sheep,  in  order  lo  avert  danger  from  the  sick  pi 
1  lere  the  slaying  of  the  animal  is  of  propitiatory  value,  for  it  is  hoped  ihife 
Kale  may  be  satisfied  by  Ihc  substimtion  of  Ihe  sheep  for  the  patient,    (S« 
S.J.  A.  Churchill's  notes  on  "Sacrifices  in   Persia",  in  InJ.   AnI.,    1891 
vol.  UI,  14S-} 


I 

I 


76. 

(P.  459.1  This  iloty  is  Ihe  sime  ts  "  Cinder  Jack"  in  Magyar  Feli-lala, 
by  Jon»  and  Kropf-  The  Mogyir  lille  is  "  Hunupipoke",  and  u  there  are 
no  {;cnden  in  ibe  Migyir  language,  rhe  nante  may  stand  either  for  a  male  or  a 

Cf.  the  Finniih  slory  Trom  Ilominlsi  [Saluja  /t  Tarimtila,  \\,  p,  as), 
entitled  "Maan,  meren  liulkija  laiwa",  which  leil»  of  a  king  with  an  only 
daughter.  Anyone  wishing  to  marry  her  must  build  a  ibip  that  can  soil  orer 
land  and  sea.  Three  broibers,  irho  are  meichantc.  try  to  win  her.  The  elder 
fail  because  they  reject  an  old  man's  profTcted  help ;  ihe  youngest,  who  is 
called  Tuhkamo  (Ashiepaitle),  secures  the  old  man's  goodwill,  and  ii  sue- 

Compare  also  Uasenl's  "  Pcinccu  on  Ihe  Glass  Hill".  Stories  of  the  princeu 
on  the  e'as'  mountain  (as  in  Noj.  329,  332),  or  other  inacceaible  height  (as  in 
Not.  319,  336,  341),  recall  the  deliverance  of  BrUobild.  The  hall  of  flames  of 
Ihe  Norse  saga  is  the  glass  mountain  which  only  ■  pirticalar  horse  (Grani)  can 
ascend,  in  the  Danish  ballad  of  Biyaiel  {Alldam'sche  Lieiter  mil  MiirtheH, 
f,  31.  and  notes  pp.  496,  497).  For  other  examples  of  the  gUs  mountain, 
ct.  Bechstein,  Sageii,  p.  67  ;  Campbell,  ii,  295 ;  F.L.  Ra.,  iii.  aij  j  F.-L. 
/oiirnal,  iii,  188  ;  vi,  199  i  Grimm,  Nos.  as  and  nore,  53,  93.  1J7;  Magyar 
Feti-Tahs.-p.  59;  Miillenhoff,  p.  386-7  ;  Thorpe,  p.  86,  "Princess  on  the 
Glass  MoDotain";  Vemoteken,  pp.  50,  27;  and  nole,  zSo,  2S9,  355 ;  Ziogerlc, 
p.  339.  Compare  Ibe  belief  that  the  soul  in  ili  wanderings  has  to  climb  a 
atetp  bill-side,  sometimes  supposed  to  be  made  of  iron,  sometimes  of  glass,  on 
the  summit  of  which  is  the  heavenly  Paradise.  For  this  reason  the  naits  of  a 
corpse  must  never  be  pared.  The  Russians  stitl  carry  about  with  them 
parings  of  an  owl's  ilawi,  and  of  their  own  nails  (see  RMXtXaa'i  Soiigt  b/  Ike 
Kuaiin  PtepU,^.  109-10). 

The  Lithuanians  bury  or  burn  with  Ihe  dead  the  claws  of  a  lynx  or  bear,  in 
the  belief  that  the  soul  has  to  climb  up  a  sleep  mountain  ( Wojcicki,  KUikdy, 
ii,  134-5).  In  Veroflleken's  "The  Maiden  on  the  Crystal  Mountain"  (fiom 
Lower  Austria},  the  hero  who  keeps  sliding  backward  when  he  allempu  to 
climb  the  glass  mountain,  chai>get  himself  inlo  a  bear  (by  means  of  the  hair 
£iven  him  by  a  grateful  bear],  and  digs  steps  with  his  pavt.  When  Ihe 
splinters  of  glass  lame  him  he  changes  himself  inlo  a  wolf,  and  holds  fast  with 
hii  teeth.  Fmally  he  changes  himself  inlo  a  raven,  and  flies  10  Ihe  top.  The 
sleep  hill  is  called  Anafietas  by  the  Lithnanian*,  and  Siklanna  gora  (gtasi 
mountain]  by  the  Poles. 

A  glflis  moimlain  occurs  b  the  "Younger  Tilurel"  (Str.,  6177).  KiDg 
Arthur  dwells  with  Morgan  te  fay  on  the  gltts  island.  A  gUss  house  in  the 
air  occurs  is  early  as  Tristan  (ed.  Michel,  ii,  toj  ;  cf.  i,  liJ).  There  is  agtass 
forest  in  Gypsy4ars  Journal,  iii,  81. 

In  Ihe  folk-tales  there  is  no  distinct  connection  between  the  gl 


world.    There  is  the  N 


and  thcabodeof  the  dead,  except  that  in  Grimm'i  No.  25,  "The  JtaTeni", 
the  little  girl  may  be  supposed  10  be  seeking  her  lost  broihen  in  the  onder- 
cNontgffrAimiHH  (ctelum  vilreum],  a  paradise  to  which 


« lide.     (See  Grimm,  T.  M.,  p.  S20,  nolt,) 


S»6 


HELPFUL  ANIMALS. 

Ilelprul  animals  occur  in  Nw.  3,  4,  5,  6  (bird),  11,  13,  t6  (usk-perroi 
birdt),  21.  33  (bird),  34,  2;,  36,  30,  31  (Irans.  molher),  34,  35,  37  (bird^ 
Itans.  moLher],  39,  40  (doe.  who  exacU  heroiDc's  chitdicn  in  return},  4a,  4j)| 
46,  49  (usk-perrorming  bird),   51   (bird),  ^x,  54,  58  (r.-p,  biid),  59,  6i,  I 
(t.-p.  birds).  64  (I.-p.  bird),  65,  6S,  6g,  ;o,  71,  78  (birdi),  So  (bird),  81,  83^ 
84,  85,  87  [t.-p.  birds),  88,  89,  90  (fish  =  tnui.>,  prince),  92,  93,  99.  100  (mH, 
10a  (Irans.  mother),   109,   110,   ii2(pilie),   113.   115  (i,-p.   bird),   117.   ti8, 
ij6  (i.-p.  bird*),  137  (trans,  mother),  :63,   175,  193  (inakc^iiitei).  227,  ij8, 
330,  232,  333,   236,   337,    239  (oilit).    240.   242.   343,    214  (■■  r-  birdf).  146,  _ 
247.  249  (""IS-   raolber],  290,  301,  319,  320,  313.  331,  332.  334.  336-39.  J 

See  M>.  Lang's  rematki  on  the  "  Sivsge  Idea  that  Animals  supemKnirallyl 
aid   Persona    the)'   favout"  (/ii/raf.    to   Grimm's  H»usihi>td   Tain,   Itx)ii],4 
The  Golden  Ram  aids  Fhriius  and  Helle  against  their  stepmother,  Apoll, 
Rhnd..  i,  356  (see  Mr.  Lang's  PerraiiU,  «cv),     For  farther  exun|ilci  of  the 
helpful  animal  (diatingaished  from  the   "grateful  beast")   in  folk-la1e°,  cf, 
Alhanak'ev,  iv,  No.   it  ;  Tii,  No.   iS  ;  Am.  K-J..  Jtmmol.  il,  89  ff.  ;  Mad. 
d'Aulnoy,"Chatle  Blanche":  ^\ttV.  Kulttntol  Fables, 'p.  60;  Callaway,  Zwte  I 
Tiiles.  pp,  97,  23a;  Campbell,  i,  loi  ;  ii,  265-75,  No.  xli ;  Casalir,  SasntPli^ 
p.    309;   Caslren,   SamaytJistAt  MUnitii,   p.    164;  Crane,   29,   327,   3489 
Disent  (3rd  ed.),  pp.  155,  366,  372.  291,  302,  382 ;  Day,  /■'elk-lalts ef  Stngaa 
"The  Match-making  jackal";  Deuliit,  Coaiet  de  ma  Mire  COyt,  pp.  soji 
26s,  266  :  F.-L.  Ke.-.,  iii.  44,   1S5,  214  ;  F.-L.  Journal,  i,  336  {Malaeas]')'^ 
vi,  69,   163!  Freie.   O.   I).   />,,  "The  Brahman",  "The  Tiger  utd  the  5W 
Judges";  Friis,  Lafpiste  Evcniyr,   pp.   52  ff.,  63,  140,  170 ;  Conienbadi,  i 
243  ;  Grimm,  Noi.  15,  63,  and  nolti ;  and  Noa.  12;,  130;  GubemaiiK,  Z.  Af., 
ii   193  :  i',   i34i   '36,   157  ;  Hahn,   Nof.  45,  65  ;  lail.  Ex'aiigel.  Rf;'..  Octo- 
ber  tSS6  (Sanlal  story  by  Campbell):  A'a/muila,   Runes   15,  530;  Kleikc,  _ 
MarrkcHsaal,    "  Uigliuso"  (   Lang,    Cmlam    aud  Myth,   "A  Fu-tiavdled 
Tale";  Magyar  Folk-lalti,  pp.   i,  207,  303  ;  Mallet,   North.  Ant.,  p,  436  jQ 
Maipero.  p.  4,  "  The  Two  Brotheri";  Naali^,  Slavonic  Talcs,  p,  133  j 
looT  A'ighls,  it,   10,   "  Abou  Mahommed";   PrntamirfiHr,   ii,  4  ■  Pemnll  j 
"  Le  Malire  Chat";  Raltton,  K.  F.  T.,  pp.  133,  134,  149,  167.  173,  183,  1S4 
231,  360,  286,  296:  Songi  0/ /he  Kiiuian  ttefU,  pp.   169.   180,  i8s; 
"  Puss  in  Boon"  in  NineUtnlh  Ceiil.,  January  1883  ;  Meivf  Celt.,  iii,  p.  365  J 
1870.  p.  373!  Jftv.  dtt  I^ns^es  Romantt,  iii,   396;  Rink,  Eiiime,  No,  iS 
Riviere,  Cetilts  A'<l»>'/ii,  pp.  99  T  !  Saluja  ja  Tatininla.  i,  119,  138  i  il,  36^ 
Schierner,  Avar  Talet,  "  Boukoulchi  Khan";  S.  Af.  F.-L.  /iiHi-nal,HK 
1880 :  Sreere,  SteaAili  Talei,  "  Sultan  Darai";  Stoke),  p.  180  ;  Strapirol(« 
»i,  1  ;  Temple,  I.tg.  e/  fit  Punjaf:  272  ff. ,  354  AT. ;  Theal,  /Ca^r  Falt-lortM 
PP-  37-  53  "'-•  i^'   ^h   86.   169  :  ThoTjic,  pp,  64.  «14.  29S1  29*5.  353  i 
naleken,   "The  Hag  and  ihe  Yellovr  Hammei";  Webater,  p,   i83[  IVtitt 
Aaiakc  Storin,  p.  205. 

Compare  the  friendly  crocodile,  who  comea  to  the  aid  of  the  fugitive 
the  Bantu  legend,  and  is.  In  eonaequeiice,  held  sacred  for  ever  afier.     [FtHmm 
lore,  iii,  340-41.) 


I 


THE  FAIRV.GODMOTHER. 
mNos.  3.55,  56.91,  US. 

1  No.   19a  the  fairy  bad  been  prcwnt  at  the  htroioe'i  btplist 
30J  there  is  a  godmolher,  not  «  faiij.     In  Has.  XJt,  Zja,  there  i* 

godmotber, 

TALKENG  BIRDS. 

"A  bird  o(  tbe  air  shall  cirry  the  voice,  and  that  which  hath  wings  ihitl 
tell  the  matter,"  Eccle;.  i,  zo.  "  What  binl  hai  brought  that  to  yoai  ears  J" 
(Weitpbal.  "  wecker  vaugel  heft  dlk  dai  inner  auren  ehangen?"  Sleaner- 
hinlie,  p.  8.)  The  Bohcmiuit  say,  -  lo  learn  it  of  the  bird"  (dowediii  se  po 
ptatku),  or  as  we  tay,  "  a  liltie  bird  lold  me."  Modem  Greek  and  Serriui 
folk-songs  not  unfrequently  open  with  birdi  on  the  wi[i|;,  wheeling  this  wajr 
and  that,  holding  a  conversation.  W.  Miillei's  Smiliiaf.,  i,  66,  loa  ;  ii,  164. 
173.  200;  Vuk  Katajich,  3,  p6.  The  healhena  of  the  Teuton  race  eqnaily 
regarded  birds  as  messeageis  of  the  godi  and  heralds  of  important  liding!. 

Two  ravens  sit  on  the  shoulders  of  Odin,  and  whisper  in  bis  ear  whatever 
thejr  sec  and  heat  (Grimm,  7".  .1/..  t47).  Apollo,  too,  had  a  raven  messen- 
ger, who  mforiDed  him  when  Kor6nis  was  unCailhful  ;  and  Ari^eas  accom- 
panied him  as  a  raven  (Herod.,  iv,  15).  Porphyry  lells  as  the  Magians  called 
the  prills  of  the  Sun-god  ravens.  A  raven  Ji  perched  aloft  on  the  mantle  of 
Mithras,  the  Sungod.  The  eagle  is  ihe  meaienger  of  Jove.  The  Holy 
Ghost,  as  a  dove,  descended  upon  Chriil  at  His  baptism  {Lnke.  iii.  w),  and 
rested  upon  Him,  fctini-  it'aliiii'  (John,  i,  ^1).  The  dove  is  generally  con- 
trasted with  the  raven,  which,  like  Ihe  wolf,  the  Cbiiatians  applied  lo  the 
Evil  One.  In  Goethe's  I-aus/  the  witch  asks  Mephistopheles  :  "  Wo  liod  denn 
eurebeidenKaben?"  But  ibiee  ravens  fly  with  St.  Benedict,  and  St.  Gregory 
is  eicoited  by  three  flying  ravens  (Paul.  Diac, ,  i,  id).  Noah  employed  both 
a  raven  and  a  dove  lo  bring  him  tidings  (Gen.  viii,  7(.  King  Oswald's 
raven  flies  to  his  sboDlder  and  arm.     I  le  talks  to  it,  and  kneels  before  it  (cf. 

ingeile.  Omul/,  p.  67).  A  dove  sits  on  tte  head  and  shoulder  of  a  boy  at 
Tiier  (Gr^.  Tur,,  la,  29) ;  one  pcrchei  three  times  on  the  head  of  5L 
Severus  (Jlfyst.,  i,  326-7),  another  settles  on  St.  Grqorj's  shoulder  (i,  104). 
A  great  deal  is  said  about  doves  resting  on  people's  shoulders  in  Ihe  Middle 
Ages.  When  Basil  the  Great  was  preaching,  Ephraem  saw  on  his  right 
shoulder  a  white  dove,  which  put  words  of  wisdom  in  his  mouib  (Grcgor. 
Nyssen.  encom.  Ephraemi).  When  Gregory  the  Great  was  expounding  the 
last  vision  of  Eickiel,  a  white  dove  sal  upon  his  bead,  and  now  and  then  put 
its  beak  in  his  mouth  {Paul.  Diac,,  yitir.  p.  14).  Augustine  and  Thomas 
Arjainas  are  portrayed  with  a  while  dove  peicbed  on  iheit  shoulders,  or 
hiivcring  over  their  heads.  Doves  sit  on  Gold-Mariken's  shoulders  (Miillen- 
hoff,  403) :  and  in  the  siory  of  "  The  Three  Languages"  two  doves  settle  on 
the  I'ope's  shoulder,  and  [c!l  him  in  his  ear  all  chat  he  has  to  do  (Grimm, 
No.  33).  Doves  perch  on  Ihe  heroine's  shouJden  in  Noi.  37  and  63  of  thit 
collection  i  ftud  tiuce  starlings  in  No.  sj. 


S^S  NOTES. 

In  a  Rmiian  stoty  from  Athuut'ev't  collection  (Leger,  Contafop.  S 
p.  3J3).  ■  nightingale  perches  on  the  hero's  shoulder  and  predicU  tempest 
and  pintes.  In  a  Slovenic  f«iry-lale  somebody  had  n  raven  (vrina)  who 
was  all-knowing  [vidtJi),  and  used  lo  (ell  him  everything  when  he  came 
home  (Murko,  Sloven,  devlscka  Ul-rlk,  Giali,  1833,  p.  696).  A  white  dove 
descends  singing  on  the  head  of  St,  Devy,  and  instructs  hiro  ;  and  on  other 
occasions  flies  down  to  make  known  the  will  of  heaven  {Biiia  Saniet  Nffrtiu, 
Paris,  1837.  P- 117).  See  Grimm,  T.M.,p.  148.  The  wood.pecker  prophesied 
lo  the  Sabines  in  the  grave  by  Matiena  (Strabo,  v,  240).  In  the  llelgaqviSa 
iSiUm.,  140-I),  a  "'  wise  bbd"as  intioduced,  talking  and  prophesying  10  men, 
hut  insisti  on  a  temple  and  saciiflces  before  he  will  tell  them  more.  Bat 
more  especially  is  the  gift  of  prophecy  conceded  to  the  cuckoo  (upon  which 
see  Grimm,  T.  M,,  675-681).  An  angel  is  sent  in  the  shape  of  a  bird  (sec 
Gudrun  and  Sv.  Vis.,  i,  333-4-5), 

A  crow  brings  iH-newa  to  Athena  as  she  is  fetching  a  mountain  from  Follene 
lo  rorlify  the  Acropoll',  causing  her  to  drop  her  burden,  which  remains 
as  Ml.  Lykabelloa  [Aiirigvni  CaiyslH hiit.mirab.e^p.  13,  Lips.,  1791, p.  33). 
A  jay-bird  is  the  Devil's  messenger  [Am.  Polk-hit  Jountal,  ii,  299-300  j  see 
also  ib.,  p.  1S7,  where  a  woodpecker  nporls  a  crime  he  hss  witnessed).  A 
crow  sings  from  the  tree  to  Jarl's  son,  the  giandson  ol  Heimdal,  Kon,  urging 
him  to  mount  his  steed  and  light  against  men  ;  and  the  crow  seeks  to  awaken 
his  ambition  or  jealousy  (iee  Kydberg,  Tcul.  Myth,,  p.  94}. 

Birds  betray  the  false  bride  in  the  Zulu  tale  (Callaway,  p.  121),  as  in  Nor. 
4  (raven),  7  (cock),  8, 9,  10,11,  11,14,  ij.  16  (doves),  ij.  26.3".  31.  33.  35.37. 
3S  (crow),  39,  41,  46,  47.  54.  57,  59.  61  (magpie),  62,  63.  65.  70,  73,  77,  j8, 
79.  81,  83.  85,  86,  88,93,94.  99.  10°  (patrol),  112,  113,  114,  115,  116,  118, 
113,  127,  \3%,  151,  343,  249,  363.  290  (cackoo).  (The  riHe  of  witness  is  filled 
by  a  dog  in  Nos.  21,  49,  71,  125,  345,  301,  and  by  a  cat  in  Nos.  229,  337, 
239,  240).  The  lalkicg-binJs  play  other  pails  in  Nos.  17,  23,  28,  51, 60,  68, 
136,  312,313,  316,317,318. 

For  other  instances  of  talking-birdi,  cf.  Am.  Feli-Iore  Juiimal,  i,  304  ;  « 
136 ;  Arabian  N'gbtt,  "  The  Merchant,  his  Wife,  and  bis  Parrot"  (also  ii 
Scv^n  Wilt  Masters)  ;  Aich.  Hrv.,  March  1889,  p.  26  ;  Amason,  430,  485  \ 
Asialit  Xtstiirciet,  vol  7,  "  Vasnvadatla"  :  deck,  Bollcnfot  Fablii,  p.  65  ^ 
Busk,  F.-L.Ji.,\>.  ll,"Filfleranata"  :  Caballero,  ii,  42  ;  Calm, 
'  Legends  of  Kaja  Rasalo"   (see    also   Temple,    Legenik  •>/  Ikt   Punjab)  jt 
Callaway,  Zir/ii  Foik-lalts,  pp.   53,  66,  72,  100, 106,  131,  130,  134,  135,  i 
3()S,  363  ;  Campbell,   i,   25,  219;   ii,  28S,   361  j   Casalii,  Batutes,  p.  '_ 
Chambers,  p.    66;    Chaucer,    "Manciple's  Tale",  and   "Sqldre's  Tftle"] 
Comparetli,  No.   2,   "  II  Pappagallo"  ;   Corpus  Petl.  BenaU,\,yi,\ll,\ 
t57,  242,  255,  2J9,  306,  307,  359,   570;   Cosquin,  i,   18O;  Cox,  TaUt  t^ 
Thcbis  and  Argis,  p.   175  ;   Crane,  H.  Fop.  Talis,    pp.   I7,  43.  75.  167-B3,  ] 
20Q,   327,  34t  ;  DasenI,  Nirst  Tales  (3rd  ed.),  59,  1 13,  389,  357,  371  :  Day,  . 
Lai  BehsLTi,  Folk-tails  of  Bingal,  No.  8 ;   Dunlop,  HiiS.  effittion,  1, 4sSrr 
Fleury,  Lilt,  orale  de  la  Basse  Nn'maiidie,  p.   123;     Falt-lm  Xrtatil,  K 
107-Q,  192, ;  ill,  183,  340,  345  1  Folk-hrt  Journal,  i,  1391  il>  7ii  241 1  K 
291,  192  J  vi,  II,  31,  :37s,  194;  Frete,  0.  D.  A,  pp.  i4>T4>Si 


NOTES.  529 

Cesta  Romatwrum^  ch.  68;    Grey,    Polyn,    Myth.^  pp.  57,   187;   Grimm, 
if0HS€hokt  Tales^  Noi.  6,   17,  21,  25,  40,  47,  107,   191,  etc.  ;    Children's 
Legends^  No.  6  ;  Gubernatis,  Z.  M.,  ii,  174,  322  ;  Housfhold  Stories  from  the 
land  of  Ilofcr,  p.   278  ;  Ind,  Ant,,  vol.  iii,  "  The  Minister  and  the  Fool"  ; 
Vuk   Karajicb,  No.  32 ;    Katha-Sarit-Sagara ;   Legcr,   Contes  pop,  Slcn*es^ 
No.  15,  p.  235  ;  Longfellow,  Hiawatha,  passim  ;  Luzel,  Legendes  Chriiiennes 
de  la  Basse  Bretagne,  i,  307  ;   Mabinogi  of  Branwen  (see  F.-L.  Rcc,  v,  5) ; 
Mabinogion  (Guest's),  p.  376;   Magyar  Folk-tales,  pp.  322,  323,421 :  Maha* 
hkaratOt    "Nala  and  Damayanti"  ;  AUlusitu,  vol.  i,  col.   374,    384,  May 
1887,  "Le  Chaperon  Rouge";  Ortoli,  p.  81 ;  Pentamerone ;  Pine,  Fiabe  nov, 
trace,  pop.  Sic,,  vol.  i,  No.   21,  p.  191  ;  Ralston,  Russian  Folk-tales,  pp.  66, 
131  ;  Retme  Celtique,  iii,  365  ;    Riviere,  Contes  pop,  Kabylis,  pp.  36,  53,  126, 
188,    191,  211,  224,  243  ;  Sagas  from  the  Far  East,  pp.   90,  159,  162,  213, 
215,  310  ;  Satuja  ja    Tarinoita,  ii,   p.   2  ;   Schnellcr,  Nos.   26,  31,  32  ;  The 
Seven  Sages  (Wright's  ed.),  p.    106  ;    South  AJrican  F.-L,  Journal^  I,  iv, 
74-9:  I,  VI,  138-45;  Stokes,  pp.   5,   149  ff.  ;   Theal,  Kaffir  F.L,,  \f\\  29  ft., 
63-6,  125.  141,  148  ff.  ;  Thorpe,  Yuk-Tide  Stories,  pp.    3$.  42,64,  102,  125, 
203,  220,   341,   451  ;  North.   Myth.,  vol.    i,   p.   97  ;  La  Tradition,  ii,  1889, 
33-40;     Tiiti  Nama  ("Tales  of  a  Parol");    Tyler,  Early  Hist.,  p.    347; 
Vemaltken,  pp.  191,  207,359;  Visentini,  Fiab€  Monto7'anc,  No.  23,  p.  121  ; 
Webster,  pp.  136-76  ;  Weil,  Biblical  Legends  'of  the  Mussulmans,  pp.  24,  38, 
40,  42,  44,  45,  104,  152  ;   IVitie- Awake  Stories,  pp.  74  5,  139,  176,  205. 
And  fee  note  32. 


It  may  save  other  Students  trouble  to  give  the  following  list 
of  books  which  have  been  found  to  contain  no  Cinderella 
variants : — 

H.  N.  Allen,  M.D.,  Korean  Tales.     N.  Y.  and  London,  1889. 

Alpenburo.    .SVc*  Mahlschedl. 

II.  A  PEL,    Mdrchcn  und  Sagcn,     1838. 

Fi^.Llx  ArnaUDIN,    Contes  pop.   rectuilUs  dans  la  Grande-Lande,  Ic   Bom^ 
les  Petites-Landcs  ct  le  Marcnsin.     Paii",  H<  rJeaux,  1887. 

Dr.  B.  Arnold,  Griechische  Sagen  und  M arc  hen.     Gtittingen,  1883. 

KfcNK    Basset,  Contes  Arabes:  Histoire  des  dix  vizirs  (Bakhtiar-Nameh). 
Paris,  1883. 

Contes  populaircs  Berbhes,     Pari?,  1887. 

Reinhold  Bechstein,  Altdeutsche  Miirchen,  Sagcn  und  Legendcn.    Leipz'g, 
1863. 

Ludwk;  Bechstein,  Die  Volkssagen,  MUhrchen  und  Legendcn  des  A'aiser- 
s'aates  Oesterrcich,     Leipzig,  1841. 

TiiEuDOR  Ben  FEY,  Pantschatantra,      Liipz'g,    iS5<)  (pp.   218,   etc.  :    con- 
cerning grateful  beastts  in  Indian  and  European  tales). 

Dr.  A.  Birlingbr  und  Dr.  M.  R.  Buck,  Sagen,  Mvirihen,  Vollsabaglauhen, 
Freibni^  im  Breisgan,  1861. 

M  M 


S30  NOTES. 

Anton  Birlingrr,  Nimm  mich  mitt    Freiburg  im  Brci«gau,  187 1. 

M,   Jean   Francois   Biad^',   Contes  et  Proverbes  populaires  recueillis  eu 

Armagnac,     Paris,  1867. 
Henry  Carnoy,  LittSrature  orale  de  la  Picardie.     Paris,  1883. 

Conies  Fran  fats.     PariSi  1885. 

• VAlgirie  traditionmlU*     1884,  etc. 

Ci^nac-Moncaut,  Contes  populaires  cU  la  Gascogne,     Paris,  1 861. 

■  —  LiUirature  populaire  de  la  Gascogne.     Paris,  1868. 

A.  Certeux  et  E.  Carnoy,  V Algine  traditionelU.     Paris,  1884. 

J.  Chapelot,  Contes  Balzatois,  3rd  ed.     Paris,  188 1. 

Alexandre  Chodzko,  Comes  des  Paysans  et  des  Patres  Slaves.    Paris,  1864. 

■  —  La  Renaissance  Littiraire.     Contes  populaires  Tch^ques.     1867. 
L.  CuRTZE,    VolksUberlieferungen  aus  dem  Fiirstenthum  Waldeck.    Arolsen, 

i860. 
Lal  BehARI  Day.     Folk-tales  of  Bengal. 
Abel  des  Michels,  Quelques  contes  populaires  annamites^  traduits  pour  la 

premiere  fois.    Paris,  1886. 

Chrestotnathie  Cochituhinoise.     Paris,  1872. 

Anton  Dietrich,  Russische  Vblksmdrchen,    Leipzig,  1831. 

Engelien.    See  Lahn. 

August  Ey,  HarzmdrchenbuchyOder  Sagen  und  Mdrchen  aus  dem  Oherharze. 

Stade,  1862. 
Leon  Febr,   Contes  Jndiens.     Les  Trentes-Deux  ReciU  da  Tr6ne  (Batris- 

Sinhasan).     Paris,  1883. 
B<:RANGER-Fi^raud,  Contes popidaires  de  la  SSn^gambie,     Paris,  1885. 
Jean  Fleury,  Litt^rature  orale  de  la  Basse- Normatidie  (Hague  et  Vai-dc- 

Saire).  Paris,  1883. 
Friis,  Lappiske  Eventyr, 
Georg  von  Gaal,  Mdrchen  der  Magyaren.     Wien,  1822. 

Sagen  und  Novellen  aus  dem  Magyarischen  iibersetzt.     Wien,  1834. 

Hugo   Gering,  Islendzk  yEventyri,    Islandische  Legenden,  Novellen   und 

Marchen.     Halle,  1882. 
A.  J.  Glinski,  Bajarz  Polski.     Wilno,  1853. 
Wilhelm  GoldschmIDT,  Russsische  Marchen.     Leipzig,  1883. 
Friedrich   Gottschalck,    Die  Sagen  utid  Volksmiirchen  der  Deutschcu. 

Halle,  1814  (1st  vol.  only;  no  marchen). 
Josef  HaLTRICH,  Deutsche  Volksmdrchen  aus  dem  Sachsenlaiuley  3rd  ed. 

Wien,  1882. 
L.  Haupt  und  J.  E.  SchmALER,  Volkdieder  der  Wenden  in  der  Obcr-  und 

Nieder-Lausitz  (Marchen  und  Legenden).     Grimma,  1841. 
Jahrbuch  fiir  Romanische  und  Englische  Litteratur.    Vol.  vii,  1866.     "  Volks- 

marchen  aus  Venetien."     Gesammelt  und  herausgegeben    von    Georg 

Widter  und  Adam  Wolf.     Vol.  viii,  1867.    "  Italienische  Volkimarchen," 

von  Reinhold  Kohler. 
Harry  Jannsen,  Mdrchen  und  Sagen  des  Estnischen  Volkes.     Leipzig,  1888. 
Kingscote,  Mrs.  Howard,  and  Pandit  Nat^s^^  S^trI,  Tales  of  the  Sun, 

or  Folk-lore  if  Southern  India.     London,  1890b 


NOTES.  S3 1 

Otto  Knoop,  Volkssagettt  Erzdhlungen  \und  Mdrchtn  aus  dem  Ocstlichcn 
Hinterpommern,     Poseo,  1885. 

Knowlks,  Folk-tales  of  Kashmir,     1 888. 

MiTS  Kremnitz,  Roumanian  Fairy  Tales,     New  York,  1885. 

— — —  Rumanische  Marchcu,     Leipzig,  1882. 

Friedrich  Kreutzwald,  Ehsluische  Mdrchen.  Translated  by  F.  Lowe. 
Halle,  1869. 

A.  KuHN,  Aidrkische  Sagen  und  Mdnhen,     Berlin,  1843. 

— ^—  Sagen^  Gcbrduche  und  Mdrchen  aus  Wcstfalen,     Leipzig,  1859. 

KUHN  und  Schwartz,  Nord-dcutsche  Sagen,  Mdrchen  und  Gebrditchc. 
Leipzigi  184S. 

A.  Engelien  und  W.  Lahn,  Der  Volksmund  in  dcr  Mark  Brandenburg, 
Berlin,  x868. 

Calists  de  L angle,  Le  Grillon,  Legendes  bretonnes.  Paris.  St.  Peters- 
burg, i860. 

L.  Langl ks,  Fables  et  Contes  Indicns.     Paris,  1 790. 

Louis  Leger,  Contes  populaircs  Slaves,     Paris,  1882. 

F.  Lowe.     See  Kreutzwald. 

Alois  Lutolf,  Sagen,  Brduchcy  Ltgcnden  aus  den  fiinf  Orten,  Lucent ,  Uri, 

Schwiz,  Unterwalden  und  Zug.     Lucem,  1862. 
Mahlschedl  (Johann    Nepomuk)  Ritter  von  Alpenburg,  Deutsche 

Alpensagen,    Wien,  1861. 
Johann  Graf  MailXth,  Magyarische  Sagen,  Mdrchen  utui  Erzdhlungcn, 

Stuttgart  und  Tiibingen,  1837. 

A 

J.  J.  Marcel,  Contes  du  Cheykh-El-Mohdy,  traduits  de  TArabe  d*apr6s  le 
manuscrit  original.     Paris,  1832. 

G.  Maspero,  Contes populaires  de  r Egypte  Ancienne.     Paris,  1882, 
Oscar  MichoN,  Contes  et  Ligendes  du  Pays  de  France,     Paiis,  1886. 
J.  Mll.ENOWSKY,  Volksmdrchen  aus  Bohmen.     Brcslau,  1 853. 

M.  P.  MiLNE-IIoME,  Mamma's  Black  Nurse  Stories.     W.  Indian  Folk-lore. 

1890. 
J.  C.  POESTION,  Lappldndische  Mdrchen.     Wien,  1886. 
Stanislao  Prato,  Qttattro  Novellinc  popolari  LizH>rnesi.     Spolcto,  1880. 
Dr.  W.  Radloff,  Probtn  der  Volkslittcratur  der  Tiirkischen  Stdmme  Siid- 

Sibiriens,  5  pts.     Petersburg,  1870-85. 
ISABELO  DE  LOS  Keyes  y  Florentino,  El  Folk- lore  Filipino.     Manila,  1889. 
Ed.  Jewitt  Robinson,  Tales  and  Poems  0/ South  India.     London,  1885. 
Romania.     Vol.  iv,  1875,  PP«  194*252 :  **  Chants  et  Contes  populaircs  de  la 

Gru3ere,"  by  J.   Comu.     Vol.  xii,    1883,  pp.  566-84:    "Contes  de  la 

Bigorre,"  by  Dr.  Dejeanne. 
L.  F.  Sauvt^;,  Le  Folk-lore  des  Hautes-  Vosges.     Paris,  1889. 
Georg  Schambach  und  Wilhelm  MCllsr,  Niedersdchsische  Sagen  und 

Mdrchen.    Gottingen,  1855. 
Schiefner,  Tibetan  TaArx,  translated  by  Rabton.     1882. 
Bernhardt  Schmidt,  Criechische  Mdrchen,  Sagen  und  Volkslieder,  Leipzig, 

1877. 


532  NOTES. 

Paul  S^BILLOT,  Cotttes  des  Provinces  de  France,     Paris,  1884. 

Karl  Seifart,  Sagen^  Marcheny  Schwdnke  und  Gebrduche  aus  Stadt  und 

Stift  Hildesheim.    Gottingen,  1854. 
Charles  Sellers,  Tales  from  the  Lands  of  Nuts  and  Grapes  (Spanibh  and 

Portuguese  Folk-lore).    London,  1888. 
Emil  Sommbr,   Sagen^  Mdrchen  ufid  Gebrduche  aus  Sachsen  und  Thur- 

ingen.     Halle,  1846. 
Emilb  Souvestre,  Les  Derniers  Bretons.     Paris,  1854. 
August  StOber,  Elsdssisches  Volksbiichlein.     Strasburg,  1842. 
L.   Strackbrjan,  Aberglaube  und  Sagen  aus  dem  Herzogthum  Oldenburg, 

Oldenburg,  1867. 
Mark  Thornhill,  Indian  Fairy  Tales,     London,  n.  d. 
£dm.    Veckenstedt,     Wendische    Sagen,    Mdrchen     und   Aberglaubische 

Gebrduche,     Grjz,  1880. 
Julien  Yi'SSO^y  Le  Folklore  du  Pays  Basque.     Pari?,  1883. 
Joseph  WshZic,  IVestslawische  Mdrchenschatz.     Leipzig,  1857. 
Dr.   Heinrich    Wlislocki,   Mdrchen  und  Sagen  der    Trans-silvdnischcn 

Zigeuncr.     Berlin,  1886. 
— ^—   Vier  Mdrchen   dcr    Trans-silvdnischen    Zelizigeuner,      Budapest, 

1886. 
W.  Wolf,  Deutsche  Hausmdrchcn,     Gottingen.     Leipzig,  185 1. 
Deutsche  Mdrcheft  utid  Sagen.     Leipzig,  1845. 


W.  B.  Yeats,  Fairy  aiui  Folk-tales  of  the  Irish  Peasantry ^  edited  and  selected 

by.     London,  1888. 
Ignaz  V.  Zingerle,  Sagcn^  Mdrchen  und  Gebrduche  aus  Tyrol.    Innsbriick, 

1859. 


CINDERELLA    IN    FINLAND. 

Mr.  Kaarle  Krohn  has  obligingly  supplied  the  following  particulars  in 
response  to  enquiries  concerning  the  Finnish  name  of  the  heroine  (called 
indiscriminately  by  the  translator  '*  Cendrillon**)  in  the  variants  which  he  has 
contributed : — 

Cinderella  is  called  in  Finnish  **Tuhkimus'\  or  ^'Tuhkjtytdr'-\  Tuhka^  pi. 
iuhkiy  signifying  ashes,  cinder.*,  and  mus  being  a  personal  ending,  common  to 
both  genders.  Thus  the  stupid  third  son  also  is  called  Tuhkimus,  Tyidr 
signifies  daughter.  In  No.  105,  on  page  386,  the  name  Cinderella  is  incorrect ; 
the  heroine  should  be  called  '^  Sikuri,  sakarC',  Sikuri  meaning  swineherd,  and 
sakari  being  a  variation.  Sakari  signifies  the  little  finger  (cf.  No.  109).  In 
No.  106,  p.  387,  the  Finnish  name  for  the  heroine  is  ** Poropii ka''\  from  poro^ 
ashes,  and  pdka,  a  girl,  a  servant-girl.  In  No  107,  p.  388,  the  translator  has 
incorrectly  rendered  the  original  by  '*  Finette".  The  Finnish  title  is  '*Tuna** 
^Kristiina^  i.c.y  Christine. 


NOTES.  S33 


ADDITIONAL  VARIANTS. 

After  the  foregoing  sheets  were  in  the  press,  Mr.  Feilberg  discovered  three 
more  Cinderella  variants  in  Aberg^s  Nyldndska  Folksagor^  from  which  collec- 
tion he  had  already  sent  me  two  stories.  These  three  variants  present  no  new 
features  of  special  interest,  but  their  contents  may  here  be  briefly  summarised. 

Op,  cit,,^.  15,  No.  19,  **Karin  Trcetjola"  (Katie  Wooden-Cloak).  This 
story  very  closely  resembles  the  Norse  story  under  the  same  title,  translated 
by  Dasent  (see  No.  30,  on  p.  204).  Ox  suggests  to  princess,  '*If  you  are 
minded  as  I  am,  we  will  escape  together."  She  mounts  the  ox  and  rides 
through  the  copper,  silver,  and  gold  forests.  Then  the  ox  is  flayed  [pre- 
sumably for  the  same  purpose  as  in  the  Norse  tale].  Princess  finds  a  wooden 
cloak  behind  the  pigstye,  dons  it,  and  takes  service  as  scullery-maid.  She 
fetches  water  for  the  prince,  who  throws  it  in  her  face.  When  prince  picks 
up  the  handkerchief  she  has  dropped,  she  will  not  take  it ;  he  keeps  it.  She 
says  she  comes  from  Water- land.  She  fetches  a  towel ;  prince  throws  it  at 
her.  She  drops  her  glove ;  comes  from  Towel-land.  She  fetches  a  comb, 
which  the  prince  throws  at  her.  Says  she  comes  from  Comb-land,  and  loses 
her  shoe  on  the  floor  besmeared  with  tar.  Prince  will  wed  whomsoever  the 
shoe  fits.  A  bird  sings.  The  shoe  fits  Karin,  who  instantly  stands  before 
prince  in  her  glistening  goM  dres?.     Happy  marriage. 

Ibid.y  p.  20,  No.  21,  *'  Om  skona  Klara"  ([a  story]  of  beautiful  Clara). 
Stepmother  goes  to  church  with  her  daughters,  leaving  heroine  to  cook  the 
dinner.  The  grits  for  the  dinner  are  scattered  on  the  floor ;  heroine  must 
carry  water  in  a  sieve  ;  she  must  recover  potatoes  from  the  well,  into  which 
they  have  been  thrown.  An  old  man  appears  and  offers  to  prepare  the 
dinner  while  she  goes  to  a  large  stone  and  strikes  it  with  a  bridle,  whereupoi 
a  horse  and  beautiful  clothes  appear.  She  goes  to  church,  where  a  count  falls 
in  love  with  her.  Her  horse  is  so  swift  that  none  can  overtake  her.  On  the 
third  Sunday  the  count  tries  to  catch  her  as  she  is  about  to  mount ;  but  he  only 
gets  hold  of  her  shoe.  Search  is  made  for  the  owner  of  the  shoe  ;  Clara  is 
hidden  under  a  washing-tub.  A  bird  sings,  "The  shoe  is  ful  of  blood  ; 
Clara,  whom  it  fits,  is  under  the  tub."  The  count  returns  and  discovers 
Clara.  The  old  man  appears,  and  bids  her  once  more  strike  the  stone.  She 
does  so,  and  gets  lots  of  money  and  dresses.     Happy  maniage. 

Ibid,,  p.  21,  No.  22,  "Den  lilla  Gullskovn"  (The  Little  Golden  Shoe). 
This  story  opens  like  the  preceding.  Grits  are  thrown  upon  the  floor ; 
pease  on  the  dunghill ;  potatoes  into  the  well.  Heroine  stands  crying ;  o!d 
man  comforts  her,  promises  to  prepare  the  dinner,  gives  her  dress  and  horse, 
and  sends  her  to  church.  Each  time,  on  leaving,  she  mounts  from  a  stone 
outside  the  church.  On  the  third  occasion  this  stone  is  smeared  with  tar, 
and  she  loses  her  shoe.  A  young  min  secures  if,  and  will  wed  whomsoever 
it  fits.  Stepsister  cuts  a  bit  oflf  her  foot  and  puts  on  the  shoe.  The  old  man 
meets  the  betrothed  pair  on  the  road,  and  says  :  "  She  is  a  false  bride  :  look 
for  the  right  one !"    The  young  man  retains  and  finds  the  heroine. 


534  NOTES. 

Mr.  Nutt  commanicates  a  story,  but  unfortunately  too  late  for  it  to  be 
included  amongst  the  other  variants.  It  is  of  extreme  interest,  showing  ( i ) 
the  animal  parentage  of  the  heroine  in  most  uncompromising  form,  and  (2) 
the  blood-relationship  of  the  heroine  and  hero.  I  have  therefore  tabulated  it 
lully.  This  story,  literally  translated  from  the  Gaelic,  was  collected  by 
Mr.  Kenneth  MacLeod  in  Inverness-shire  shortly  before  1886  : — 

King  has  a  young  daughter  by  a  sheep,  and  also  a  wife  and  children.  Wife 
sees  king  going  to  house  of  sheep>  of  whom  she  is  very  jealous,  and  sends  one 
of  her  own  daughters  to  see  what  he  does  there.  King  does  not  notice  girl, 
but  sheep  sees  her,  and  puts  her  to  sleep  with  rhyme  : 

"  Shut  one  eye, 
Shut  two  eyes, 
Shut  your  eyes 
In  deep  sleep." 

When  girl  awakes  the  king  has  left,  and  she  tells  mother  that  she  did  not  see 
that  the  sheep,  the  poor  creature,  got  anything  from  the  king.  Next  day 
queen  sees  king  going  to  sheep's  house,  and  sends  a  daughter  after  him. 
Sheep  notices  the  girl,  and  puts  her  to  sleep  with  same  rhyme.  Girl  ha?  seen 
nothing.    The  third  day,  when  a  girl  is  sent  to  spy,  sheep  begins  to  sing  : 

**  Shut  one  eye, 
Shut  one  eye. 
Shut  your  eye. 
In  deep  sleep," 

forgetting  to  charm  both  eyes,  and  the  giil  sees  the  king  giving  the  sheep 
many  good  things,  and  reports  to  mother.  When  king  returns,  his  wife  says 
that  the  sheep  must  be  killed ;  it  is  vain  for  king  to  ask  whether  any  other 
sheep  will  not  do  as  well.  Knowing  she  is  to  be  slain,  sheep  calls  her  daughter 
and  bids  her  preserve  all  her  bones  ;  even  should  a  dog  eat  one,  she  must  put 
her  hand  down  dog's  throat  to  recover  it ;  then  she  must  bury  them  at  a 
certain  spot,  and  after  five  years^  sheep  will  revive  as  a  beautiful  princess. 
Daughter  does  as  bidden  ;  she  dwells  by  herself  in  sheep's  house.  Five  years 
afterwards  king's  son  and  heir  returns,  and  there  is  to  be  a  three  days'  feast. 
Sheep's  daughter  asks  king's  children  about  it ;  but  they  only  beat  her.  On 
the  night  of  the  feast  sheep  comes  to  life  as  a  beautiful  princess.  She  dresses 
her  daughter  in  splendid  clothes  of  silk  and  gold,  and  sends  her  to  the  feast, 
bidding  her  return  at  a  certain  hour,  for  then  her  finery  will  fall  off.  There  is 
no  one  present  as  beautiful  as  sheep's  daughter  ;  king's  son  cannot  leave  her 
side  the  whole  night,  and  when  she  suddenly  disappears,  none  can  tell  whether 
the  heavens  or  the  earth  have  swallowed  her.  The  second  night  the  princess 
clothes  her  still  more  beautifully,  so  that  there  is  none  at  the  ball  like  her. 
She  vanishes  from  the  prince's  side  as  before.  The  third  night  she  is  still 
more  finely  clad,  so  that  there  couid  be  none  at  the  ball  like  her.     Prince 


^  Mr.  McLeod  forgets  time.     A  year  and  a  day  ? 


NOTES.  535 

determines  not  to  lose  sight  of  her,  but  when  the  hour  arrives  she  disappears, 
leaving  behind  her  in  her  hurry  one  of  her  golden  slippers.  Prince  keeps  il, 
and  proclaims  throughout  the  country  that  he  will  wed  whomsoever  the  slipper 
will  fit.  Every  woman  in  the  land  comes  to  try,  but  only  one  can  wear  it, 
and  she  has  had  her  big  toe  cut  off.  One  day  a  pet  bird  of  the  prince's  begins 
to  sing,  and  twice  repeats  : 

*'  There  is  a  bonny  girl 
In  that  town  o'er." 

They  send  over  for  that  bonny  girl,  and  the  slipper  fits  her  exactly.     So  the 
king's  son  marries  the  sheep's  daughter,  and  they  live  happy  ever  after. 


Mr.  Xutt  sends  me  the  following  particulars  of  two  Irish  stories,  to  which  he 
attaches  some  importance  in  connection  with  the  present  study.  They  are 
found  in  Mr.  O'Grady's  recently  published  Siha  Gacdelica, 

The  first  {op.  cit.^  vol.  ii,  p.  368)  is  of  Eochaidh  Mughmedoin's  sons. 
Eochaidh  was  king  of  Ireland  in  the  fourth  century,  and  had  four  sons  by  his 
queen,  Mongfnionn  (the  Long-fair-haired  One),  and  one,  Niall,  by  a  captive 
Saxon  princess,  Cairenn.  Before  the  birth  of  Niall  his  mother  was  kept  in  a 
position  of  great  hardship  by  the  queen,  who  made  her  draw  well-water  for 
all  the  household.  Xiall  was  born  in  the  dog-kennel,  but  became  ultimately 
the  chief  of  his  brethren.     I  le  is  later  on  the  hero  of  a  transformcd-hig  story. 

This  story  is  from  the  Book  of  Ballymote^  a  14th  century  MS.,  but  it  was 
probably  redacted  in  the  early  nth  century,  as  it  refers  in  contemporary  wise 
to  a  personage  of  the  late  loih  century. 

The  second  story  {op.  dt,^  ii,  428)  is  about  Raghallach,  the  seventh  century 
king  of  Connaught,  of  whom  it  was  foretold  that  he  should  be  slain  by  his  own 
offspring.  Accordingly,  when  his  queen  bears  a  child,  she  gives  it  to  a  swine- 
herd to  kll,  but  he  takes  pity  on  the  child,  and  puts  her  with  a  recluse.  She 
grows  up  to  be  the  fairest  maid  in  Ireland.  Kaghallach,  hearing  tell  of  her, 
and  not  knowing  her  to  be  his  own  daughter,  seeks  her  to  wife.  Mairenn  (the 
queen)  runs  away  ;  the  saint«  of  Ireland  fast  upon  Kaghallach  (an  archaic  touch  ; 
"fasting  upon'  was, in  Aryan  Ireland,  as  in  Aryan  India,  the  recognised  legal 
method  uf  bringing  an  ofTender  to  book)  and  he  is  killed  by  churls  in  a  chance 
brawl  (/.('..  the  moit  disgraceful  form  of  death  for  an  Irish  king)  whilst  stag- 
hunting. 

The  MS.  in  which  this  story  is  found  is  of  the  15th  century,  and  the  story  is 
imbedded  in  annals  which  cannot  be  earlier  than  the  end  of  the  ninth  century. 
It  probably  belongs  to  the  i  ith  or  12th  century. 


I^intcd  by  Chas.  J.  CLARK,  4,  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  W.C. 


3  ties  005  ^s'^  7n 


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