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CITY IN A GARDEN
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LlISrCOLN PAKK CON5EI\VATIOM AKEA.
LINCOLN PARK CONSERVATION ASSOCIATION
OFFICERS
William A. Hutchison, M.D.. President, Amos H. C. Brown, 1st Vice President,
Dr. William A. Waters. 2nd Vice President, Mrs. Anthony Sassano, Secretary,
James Maltman, Jr., Treasurer.
ADVISORY COUNCIL
Paul Angle, Edward A. Cudahy, William Harrison Fetridge, Dr. Arthur R.
McKay, Chester McKittrick, Rev. Comerford J. O'Malley, CM.. Stanley Par-
gellis, Robert C. Preble, Sr., William Wood Prince, George M. Proctor, Arthur
Reebie. Robert Sargent Shriver. David Wallerstein.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Mrs. John Bergan, Pierre Blouke, J. Paul Brislen, Amos H. C. Brown. Gabe W.
Burton, S. T. Chavez, John A. Cook, Howard Donaldson, Jack L. Ellison,
Maurice Forkert, Rev. Gerald E. Forshey, Gerald B. Frank, Madge Friedman,
James Gaughan, M. P. Geraghty, Paul Gerhardt, Jr.. Rev. Gerhard Grauer,
Mrs. Thomas Griffin, Charles Grundhoefer, Edwin B. Hadfield, Daggett Harvey,
John A. Holabird, Jr., Joseph Hollerbach, William A. Hutchison, M. D., Mrs.
Elmer Johnson, Rev. Preston Kavanagh, Gerard A. Koch, Mrs. John F. Lang-
don, William E. Locke, James Maltman, Jr., Lyle R. Mayer, Mrs. Phillis
Muzzillo, Mrs. Charles McLean, Rev. Henry J. Novak, Jonathan Pugh, Virgil
Reginato, Marvin A. Rosner, M.D., Roy M. Russinof, Michael Sappanos, Mrs.
Anthony Sassano, Malcolm D. Shanower, Robert S. Study, Sr., Rev. Alva
Tompkins, Thomas Walsh, Rev. T. J. Wangler, Dr. William A. Waters, Sarajane
Wells, Dr. Robert C. Worley, Masao V. Yamasaki.
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
William Friedlander
PRESIDENTS EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS
Paul Gerhardt, Jr. 1954-1955 Emil F. Hubka, Jr. 1954-1955
George M. Proctor 1956-1957 Armond D. Willis 1955-1957
George B. Cooke 1958-1959 Malcolm D. Shanower 1958-1961
John A. Cook I960 William Friedlander 1961-
Marshal L. Scott 1961-1962
William A. Hutchison. M.D. 1962-
AFFILIATED NEIGHBORHOOD ASSOCIATIONS:
Old Town Triangle Association 1948
Roy M. Russinof. President
Mid North Association 1950
Dr. Marvin A. Rosner. President
Park West Association 1955
Gerald Frank, President
Sheffield Neighborhood Association 1958
Rev. Robert Worley, President
Lincoln Central Association 1958
Joseph Hollerbach, President
Ranch Triangle Association 1959
Rev. Gerald Forshey, President
Wrightwood Neighborhood Association 1962
James Gaughan, President
CITY
IN A
GARDEN
Homes in the Lincoln Park Community
PAULA ANGLE. Editor
THOMAS J. MULHANEY. Photographic Consultont
O. MAURICE FORKERT, Compiler
1963
SPONSORED BY THE LINCOLN PARK CONSERVATION ASSOCIATION
CHICAGO
CONTENTS
PAGES
OLD TOWN 6-19
LINCOLN CENTRAL 20-27
RANCH TRIANGLE 28-32
MID NORTH 33-45
SHEFFIELD NEIGHBORS 46-52
WRIGHTWOOD NEIGHBORS 53-55
PARK WEST 56-64
Copyright. 1963, by
The Coach House Press, Incorporated
Chicago 4. Illinois Lithographed in the U.S.A.
7/7.73/ c^'(-
FOREWORD
THIS VOLUME PRESENTS A PICTORIAL STORY of neighbor-
hood conservation. Home owners and tenants in the Lincoln Park
Conservation area voluntarily supplied over a thousand photographs
and slides from which were chosen those that appear here. It was
their cooperation that made this publication possible.
This is typical of good neighborhood planning. It is not some-
thing done entirely by the city, nor by local associations, nor by
individuals. It is something everybody does — together.
To show characteristic variations in approaching neighborhood
improvements, the photographs from each of the seven areas which
form the Lincoln Park Conservation Association were grouped to-
gether.
The reader will notice that communities differ in their solutions
of the many conservation problems. Some excel in creating beautiful
gardens and patios, others in restoring old and quaint architectural
features. In each instance people improved their neighborhood. And
in so doing they have indicated the validity of an established principle
that "the welfare of any neighborhood is dependent upon the welfare
of all other neighborhoods and the city as a whole."
This book documents only a very small portion of the vast pro-
gram of improvements carried out during the last fifteen years in the
Lincoln Park Conservation area. The Chicago Department of Build-
ings reports that the rnoney spent for improvements, repairs, new
additions and dwellings by private and institutional owners in the
Lincoln Park Community reached a total of over $6,695,000 in 1962
alone. This sum does not include the thousands of dollars spent on tree
planting and other non-permit activities for neighborhood beautifi-
cation.
While much remains to be done, this volume attempts to show
that the rebirth of the Lincoln Park area is no longer idle theory, and
that the beauty and charm of old Chicago are experiencing an exciting
rebirth through the civic interest and pride of its citizens.
WILLIAM A. HUTCHISON. M. D.
President
Lincoln Park Conservation Association
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
THE SPONSORS AND PUBLISHERS OF THIS BOOK wish to
express their gratitude and sincere thanks to the following for the
valuable suggestions and practical help that made this work possible:
PLANNING
Amos H. C. Brown, chairman of the Book Committee of the Lincoln Park
Conservation Association; Paula Angle and Thonuis J. Mulhaney, who gave
generously of their time and talent in selecting and organizing the pictorial
material.
RESEARCH
Donna Lee Johnson, for her assistance in the search for photographs; Amy C.
Forkert. for keeping the records of this project; the many writers of the Chicago
press, who have given thorough coverage to developments in the Lincoln Park
Conservation area; the Chicago Historical Society, for its cooperation in authen-
ticating pictures and historical data; Imogene Johnson, who identified many of
the photographs; and many other active members of the seven neighborhood
associations, who facilitated the search for good pictures and accurate source
information.
PHOTOGRAPHY*
pp. 6. 28, 30-b. 31, 32, 45, 47-b, 48,
49-t. 50, 51. 52, 53-b, 54-bl, 54-br,
55-b, 58, 59, 61-b, 62-1, 63-r
Donna Lee Johnson
pp. 7, 8-b, 14-tl Bert Murray
p. 8-t, 1 0-1, 18-r.M. Jean Middlebrook
p. 9-t Russel Du Bois
p. 9-b William G. Loewe
pp. 1 1-t. 23-br, 29, 30-1. 30-t. 49-b. . .
Franz Altschuler
pp. 1 1 -bl, 1 5-tr David Landis
p. 1 1-br Lawrence Dobson
pp. 12-t, 17, 18-t, 25. Chicago Tribune
p. 12-b Gabe W. Burton
p. 13, Dust Jacket
Clarence John Laughlin
pp. 10-1, 14-tr, 61-t
Chicago Historical Society
p. 14-b. .Town Country Photographers
pp. 15-tI, 15-b, 46, 47-t
Howard Friedman
p. 16-1 Frank Nesbitt
p. 16-br Mercer Sullivan
p. 18-b Moval Investment Corp.
*K.ey: t-top. b-bottom, tl-top left, tr-top right, bl-bottom left, br-bottom right.
p. 19 Cyril P. Ferring
pp. 20, 2 1-t. 22-r, 23-1, 24-b, 26-b
Ruth Welty
pp. 21-b. 22-1. 23-tr, 26-t and
Front Cover Frank Sokolik
p. 27-t Charles McLean
p. 27-b Lyie Mayer
pp. 33, 37-t J. Curtis Mitchell
pp. 24-t, 34, 35. 36. 37-b. 38. 54-t.
55-t. 57-b, 60. 62-r, 63-tl, 64
Thomas Mulhaney
p. 39 Herrlin Studio
p. 40 Norman F. Barry
p. 4I-t James Swann
p. 41-b C. Franklin Brown
43-t Charles Reynolds
43-b Stella Jenks
44 Edward ZagRodny
53-t Felicitas Brueck
56 Chicago Sun-Times
57-1 Louise Robinson
p. 61-t Henry Reichel
p. 63-bl K.' Varnelis
FORMAT AND PRODUCTION
Donald A. Blome and Stanley Kazdailis, for valuable suggestions in design and
typography; Bernard T. Beckman. for technical assistance; Trade Service Type-
setting Company, for composition; Gregg-Moore Lithographing Co., for printing;
and Spinner Brothers Company, for binding.
THE COACH HOUSE PRESS, INC., Publishers
INTRODUCTION
THE OFFICIAL SEAL OF THE CITY OF CHICAGO proudly
proclaims its motto as "Urbs in Horto" — City in a Garden. Few of
the town's inhabitants in the 1830's, when the motto originated, could
have foreseen the metropolis that was to sprawl over miles of swampy
Lake Michigan shoreline — or the slums, industrial grime, and traffic
chaos that would make their bucolic Latin phrase seem at best charm-
ingly naive. The garden idea, however, was never entirely discarded.
Even when they built close to the Loop, where space was at a premium,
Chicagoans planted trees and left space for front and back yards. An
example is what has come to be called the Lincoln Park community.
Bounded roughly by North Avenue on the south, Lincoln Park
on the east. Diversey Avenue on the north, and the Milwaukee tracks
and Clybourn Avenue on the west, the area was first settled in the
1850's by German truck gardeners. Prior to 1871 buildings were
fairly scattered, and most of them were leveled during the Chicago
Fire of that year.
It was during the next 25 years that most of the structures in this
neighborhood went up, from wooden "relief shanties" and brick cot-
tages in the south and west to the elaborate stone mansions of the
northern sector. The area became the home of De Paul University and
McCormick Theological Seminary, numerous hospitals, churches, and
schools, and the Chicago Historical Society — not to mention the garage
that witnessed the St. Valentine's Day Massacre.
With time, portions of the Lincoln Park area, rundown and
shabby, began the downhill slide into urban blight. A report as late
as 1948 characterized the section as "predominantly in a state of
deterioration." Even before this time, however, energetic and enter-
prising residents had begun to retrieve, restore, and rescue. What has
happened since is described in the Foreword and illustrated in the rest
of this book. The people who made it possible proved that at least one
Chicago community has made a reality of the old motto — C/7.v in a
Garden.
PAULA ANGLE, Editor
A rcmodckd house on Lincoln Park West. Ihc
cherub and wrought-iron fence and railing are addi-
tions, the paneled door original.
More cherubs, also on Lincoln Park West. These
carvings grace doors brought to Chicago from
Europe in the late 19th century. The heads are big
for the bodies, and one architecture expert has called
the figures "charmingly disproportionate."
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A two-family garden on Orleans Street.
Especially noteworthy are the rock gar-
den, a collection of over 150 lilies, and a
variety of trees — crabapple, redbud, June-
berry, and Russian olive.
I'roni Wisconsin Avenue, which these
apartment buildings face, passersby are
imawarc of the charming porches at the
back. Petunias and ivy are window box
favorites.
The piping satyr at right, a detail from
the scene below, is an Italian import.
An Old Town landmark is this wooden
farni-style house at the corner of Lincoln
Park West and Menomonee. The interior
has been remodeled, but the exterior has
changed little since the house was built,
shortly after the Chicaeo Fire of 1S71.
The side patio of the house shown above.
Window boxes sport geraniums, petunias,
and ivy; nicotiana plants grow beneath.
If)
Menomonee Street interior,
remodeled by an artist
couple. The hanging chim-
ney formerly extended only
a few inches below the ceil-
ing; it was built downward
and a Franklin stove set
into it.
Living room of a once-abandoned house
on Orleans Street, extensively remodeled.
Formal living room in a Wisconsin Street
home. Olive-green, red, and black are the
predominating colors, with white walls.
A four-story house on La Salle Street has
this curving stairway leading from the
first to the second floors.
Formal patio behind a Wisconsin Street home. The espaliered apple
tree against the wall bears fruit. Because of prevailing shade, the
owner specializes in such plants as pachysandra and impatiens.
12
Extremely wide eaves balance an overhanging ver-
anda on this Lincoln Park West residence. It was
built in 1872-73 for Chicago brewer Frederick
Wacker. At one side stands a gate (shown on the
front cover) originally built for Mecca House, home
of important Oriental visitors to the Columbian Ex-
position of 1893.
13
I he Crilly buildings — including eight homes
and ten apartment houses — he between North
Park, St. Paul, La Salle, and Eugenie, and
have been called "the foundation stone of
modern Old Town." Developer Daniel F.
Crilly built them between 1877 and 1905.
Above is a rustic corner near the Wells Street
entrance to the Georgian Court apartments.
Below, small but varied in treatment, are back
porches of the Crilly Court apartments. A
single porch is at left.
Metal plays an important role in details from
Victorian structures. The graceful doors at
right, in an apartment building at Eugenie
and La Salle, have been attributed to Chicago
architect Louis Sullivan. Below, the bay of a
brick house on Wells Street is sheet metal
painted black. From the same building is the
gate at the bottom of the page, topped by
two birds and a basket of fruit.
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A courtyard apartment on Wells
Street. The carved door is by
Chicago artist Edgar Miller.
At left is the entrance to one of
four row houses on Lincoln Park
West designed by Louis Sullivan.
The simple, dignified red brick
buildings were erected in 1 884
at a cost of $12,000.
Rococo elegance in a Wisconsin
Street living room, above. At
right, from the same house, is the
ceiling of the downstairs sitting
room; it was painted a la Tiepolo
bv the artist-owner.
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A second-floor deck at the rear of a La Salle Street apart-
ment provides spacious outdoor comfort.
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This wrought-iron gate leads into a back-
yard garden behind a Lincoln Avenue
town house. Roses line the wooden fence.
Owners gutted a former rooming house
on Orleans Street, left, to create a twelve-
unit apartment building.
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At the side of a Crilly Court town house patio is a small
Japanese style garden featuring shade-loving plants. The
owners brought the stone lantern back from Japan and gave
it a background of palm, moss, and ferns.
19
Decorative plantings and a pierced brick wall add interest
to a flight of steps at a Lincoln Avenue house.
20
A simple backyard on Bur-
ling, enhanced by the sound
of softly splashing water.
The garden below, at Mo-
hawk and Armitage, was
barren sand as late as 1961.
The owners planted peren-
nials, installed a pool and
fountain at the rear, and
surfaced the center with
gravel and brick.
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SiniplicitN is the keynote of this small house on
Mohawk. The hntels above the door and windows
are typical of the immediate post-Fire period.
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11
An effective combination of old and new
elements make an interesting doorway on
Lincoln Avenue. The garden of this house
is shown on page 20.
The paneled doors at right, on Cleveland
Avenue, are set in an arch, decorated with
a rope molding. Top right, on Mohawk,
a boxlike house with metal cornice.
Living room of a row house
on Burling, built around
1885. The artist-owners
plastered, painted, and pap-
ered throughout, but kept
the original fireplace.
At left, the backyard of a
sculptor's studio on Wiscon-
sin, with several cast stone
figures. The head of Bac-
chus is a brilliant red
aszainst the concrete wall.
Airy fretwork decorates the
porch of a Dickens Avenue
home, right. Builders used
to select trim from mill
catalogues. Note the rope
molding on top window.
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Lilacs 60 years old shade this Mohawk Street gar-
den. Broi<en-cement paving is edged with phlox.
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Stones from demolished buildings were
used for the pool at left, in a Lincoln
Avenue yard. The owners built it in 1957,
added a waterfall the following year. Spe-
cially constructed niches hold geranium
and petunia plants.
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Lush grass, an ivy-covered wall, and a back patio
are features of a garden on Burling, below.
A survivor of the Chicago Fire is the farmhouse
above, set in spacious grounds at Mohawk and
Armitaee. It was built in 1863 for about $800.
27
The entrance to a house on Dayton, above. Doors
carved in a fanciful pattern are divided into sev-
eral nicely proportioned panels.
At left, two-legged dragons cavort around a sheet
metal tower, one of a pair on a large building at
Wisconsin and Fremont. Bricks for round towers
like these were usually cast to a radius.
29
This unusually shaped house on Seminary reflects a variety
of influences and the eclecticism of another age.
Comer bay on an apart-
ment at Dayton and Armi-
tage. Note that decorations
differ at each story.
30
Two houses on Bissell. Simpler details in-
dicate that the one at left is probably the
older of the two.
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A wrought-iron railing edges the balcony of a residence on
Fremont. The supporting corbel includes a female head.
Side by Mdc. Uvc) housu> i)fi 1 rciuoiU rcpicNLiii
widely different styles and periods of Chicago
architecture. A balcony detail from the one at
right is shown on page 31.
32
The Bellinger cottage on Hudson Avenue, right,
is still known by the name of its first owner, who
saved it from destruction in the Chicago Fire.
Richard Bellinger, a policeman, soaked the roof
of his (almost new) house for hours. Some say
he used cider and vinegar; others, that he lugged
water from nearby Ten-Mile Ditch.
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A large backyard garden on Belden, left, is divided into
three main sections. At lower left is a kitchen garden,
where the owners raise herbs, fruits, and vegetables —
including 47 '/2 pounds of tomatoes one year. Across from
it is a flower plot. Dwarf honeysuckle separates these areas
from the paved patio, with its waterfall and pool (made
with stones from buildings wrecked in the Clark-La Salle
urban renewal project ) . Above, ice cream chairs and table
in the potting area, at the very back of the garden.
35
Living room-kitchen area in an apartment on Hudson. The
owner — a developer who specializes in remodeling — gutted
the interior, lowered ceilings, and modernized the fireplace.
Additions include built-in hi fi equipment.
36
Hudson Gardens is a 13-unit town house development de-
signed and financed by a local artist and built around a
core of remodeled post-Fire residences. Above is a view
of the central courtyard. Below, set in a paving-brick
wall, are terracotta heads that spout water into a pool.
37
Simple panels, a plain transom, and heavy lintel create
a dignified doorway in a Cleveland Avenue building.
38
In this Clark Street house, right, the
owner stripped walls down to the bare
studs and paneled them in a plastic-finish
material, adding beams to the ceiling. The
oak parquet floor is also new.
The unusual doors of this Geneva Ter-
race home had been taken down, and
the owners salvaged them from a garage.
Note the rope molding beneath the lintel.
An interior view of the house at left. Be-
cause of sagging, the stairway had to be
jacked up several inches to restore its
oricinal handsome curve.
40
A cast stone statue of the Japanese god-
dess of mercy, Kwannon, graces a garden
on Webster. Shade plants include ferns,
begonias, and impaticns.
A Sedgwick Street garden. Around a cen-
tral area covered with crushed milk quartz
are beds of tulips and lilies.
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42
Row houses on Grant Place. These were undoubtedly
built as one-family units in a single development.
Row houses on Cleveland, converted in
1960 from a 31 -unit rooming house to 8
apartments. Extensive remodeling took
place, but the owner retained the 15-
foot ceilings, marble fireplaces, exterior
stone carvings, 'and wood shutters.
Front entrances to two Cleveland Avenue
homes, below. The owners removed old
porches, stairs, and railings, replacing
them with new ones and adding shutters
and a carriage lamp.
43
'Siurji-i/uJia'
44
Spacious living room of a Clark
Street home which dates back to
about 1907. The building has a total
of four fireplaces.
Stairway of the house pictured
above. Structural changes included
lowering the ceilings.
One of the first remodeling projects in tlie Mid North area
involved this five-story building on Cleveland Avenue,
extensively altered in 1931-32. The windows glow with
colored glass, and interiors boast marble, tile, carved
wood, and wrought-iron details.
45
Architectural details add interest to many houses in
the Sheffield area. On the opposite page is a three-story
bay on an apartment building at the corner of Dickens
and Halsted; at left, a stained glass window on Dayton.
Below, on Fremont, is a house that combines wood
and brick. Special features include beveled glass win-
dows, terracotta trim between the first and second
stories, and a parapet of corbeled brick.
\
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Hallway ol .1 ii^mJciici: on Fremont built about
1874. The present owners purchased it 15 years
ago and have done much renovating. The break-
front is antique, the lamp beside it a replica.
48
A Fullerton Avenue backyard. Sim-
plicity of design and a broad ex-
panse of carefully tended lawn
create a restful atmosphere.
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An effective touch on this Sheffield
Avenue house is the trim beneath
the windows, formed by bricks set
at an angle.
49
At right, snow scene on the grounds
of McCormick Theological Semi-
nary. The campus — between Fuller-
ton, Belden, Shellicld, and Halsted
— includes private residences as well
as school buildings. Some date back
to the 188()"s; all are part of a con-
tinual program of renewal.
Left, wrought-iron fence and lan-
tern at McCormick Seminary. Chal-
mer's Place, at the center of the
campus, is an oasis of calm reminis-
cent of another era.
Modification of roof, windows, and door-
way give this house on Racine a contem-
porary, almost suburban, appearance.
50
UNIVERSITY OF
lUINOIS LIBRARY
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Entrance foyer of a Belden
Avenue house, completely
renovated four years ago. This
is one of several faculty homes
owned by McCormick Theo-
logical Seminary.
Areaway between two build-
ings on Fremont. The owner
of the one at left purchased
the property some 15 years
ago, remodeled the house, and
built a garden in back — com-
plete with a greenhouse and
what he calls "an American-
ized torii gate."
kw. ■ >yi^^
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This concrete lily pond on Montana — stocked
with goldfish and surrounded by daisies, petunias,
and four o'clocks — is five feet deep. The owner
says, "1 want to show people what they can do
to keep up their neighborhood. It just takes a
little work and a little money."
Old and new contrast on Lill Street.
J-'#
Corinthian columns support an icicle-
hung porch on Wrightwood.
54
A cottage on Aitgcld. Note the wood-
en millwork and iron parapet.
A house on Lill is decorated with
wooden rosettes and a turret.
■t>f^i>r'f«.
A two-story home on Wrightwood com-
bines brick with terracotta trim. The
square tower, set against a mansard roof,
has a kind of Palladian elegance.
The simple wooden cottage at left — with
its unusual second-story porch — con-
trasts with a brick two-flat building on
Lill Street.
55
56
Hallway of a house on Fullerton, showing the fine stair-
case paneling and newel post. Owners, who renovated the
entire building, covered these walls with grasscloth.
Entrance to the house shown on the opposite
page. An ornate porch roof was removed to
set off the beautiful carved fruitwood door
to best advantage.
On Deming, a brick and sandstone man-
sion with Romanesque details. The bay
window at the side is covered with sheet
copper inscribed with fleur-de-lis.
57
A stately three-story town house at Lake-
view and ArHngton. Terracotta trim adds
elegance to the golden-brown brick. Be-
low is the porte-cochere leading into an
inner courtvard.
5<S
Living room of a large apartment on
Lakeview, right. The exquisite carved
fireplace, by Grinling Gibbons, was im-
ported from England. Gibbons was wood-
carver to Charles II and Christopher
Wren and was noted for his delicate rep-
resentations of birds, fruits, and foliage.
'^fimmsmmmmmiiii
Stone figures support the porch
of a home buih in 1896 for Chi-
cago brewer Francis J. Dewes.
Located at Wrightwood and
Hampden Court, it now houses
the Swedish Engineers Society.
60
Full view of the building shown on the
opposite page. Fine details inside in-
clude oak paneling, painted ceilings,
and tapestries. Ironwork was exhibited
at the World's Columbian Exposition
before installation.
Spacious interior of an apart-
ment on Lakeview.
Contrasting sharply with the prevailing tone ot
the Park West neighborhood is this angular build-
ing on Arlington.
False fronts with a Dutch flavor embellish row
houses on Deming. Note the terracotta "candles'"
at the sides of each.
62
Like many Park West buildings, this t)ne
on Deming uses both stone and brick,
with metal railings and gable decoration.
In this interior on St. James, stark white walls
combine with an arched wooden door and iron
railings to create a Spanish atmosphere.
63
64
An unusual porch-staircase, like a pagoda, graces a house
on Pine Grove. Each tier is handled differently.
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOISURBANA
917 731AN4C C001
SItViN A GARDEN. HOMES IN THE LINCOLN P
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