ICUMATE AND METEOROLOGY
OF
NEW ZEALAND.
WELLINGTON.
BY AUTHORITY : MARCUS F. MARKS, GOVERNMENT PRINTER.
1920.
CLIMATE AND
OF NEW ZEALAND.
(Prepared by Lieut. -Colonel D. C. BATES, Dominion Meteorologist,
for publication in the "New Zealand Official Year-book.")
THE climate of New Zealand is spoken of in popular and general terms as
equable, mild, and salubrious ; but such a summary does not convey an
adequate idea of variations that exist in a country stretching, as it does, north
and south for nearly a thousand miles, and distinctly differentiated by lofty
mountain-chains. Another fact which must also be borne in mind is that the
greater part of the North Island is controlled by a different system of circu-
lation from that which dominates conditions in the parts about Cook Strait
and the South Island. The former is subject to ex-tropical disturbances, and
the latter more to westerly or antarctic " lows," which travel along the latitudes
of the " forties," with their prevailing westerly winds.
The climate of the Auckland Province, speaking generally, combines
degrees of warmth and humidity agreeable by day and comfortable by night.
North of Auckland City conditions are almost subtropical, and in summer
balmy easterly breezes prevail, and are responsible for delightful conditions.
In winter the winds are more north and west, while changes to the south-west
or. south-east mostly account for the rainfall. Cumulus clouds are frequently
formed in the afternoons, and, while tempering the heat of the day, also cut
down sunshine records somewhat, but add considerably to the beauty of
land- and sea-scape. Southward of Auckland the climate is more varied,
the west coast experiencing more rain, while the central parts are warmer in
the day and considerably colder at night. In the winter months frosts, which
are unknown farther north, now and then occur in the hours of darkness.
Eastward from Rotorua (the great health resort and centre of the thermal
region) is to be found one of the most genial climates in the world, and
Tauranga and Opotiki have charms all their .own, especially for their weather
and" the fruits which ripen to perfection in these regions.
The monthly and annual means of the temperature, rainfall, and sun-
shine of Auckland are shown in the following; table : —
Mrmfh
Mean Temperatures for 56 Years.
Mean Rainfall for 0,, Jfe™ „_
iytom/n.
Maximum.
Minimum.
Mean.
67 Years.
UUllollUlC 1U1
10 Years.
°F. ' °F.
°F.
Inches. Days.
Hr. min.
January
73-7
58-9
66-5
2-54 10-3
217 25
February
74-3 59-6
67-1
2-96 9-6
176 37
March
72-0 57-7
65-0
3-02 11-1
171 58
April
67-8 54-6
61-2
3-30 13-9
139 8
May
62-7
50-5
56-7
4-45 18-3
129 17
June
59-2
47-8
53-5
4-72 19-4
113 45
July
57-6 46-0
51-8
5-15 21-0
114 57
August
58-2 46-0
52-2
4-24 19-6
137 11
September . .
60-7 48-4
54-7
3-61 17-6
136 48
October
63-5 50-7
57-3
3-60 16-4
159 42
November . .
67-0
53-3
60*2
3-28 14-6
184 23
December . .
70-9
56-7
63-9
2-80 11-5
213 52
Year . .
65-6 52-5
59-2
43-67 | 183-3
1,895 3
52774
ROTORUA.
Mean Temperatures for 32 Years.
Month.
Mean Rainfall for
34 Years.
Mean
Sunshine for
8 Years.
Maximum, j Minimum.
Mean.
1
°F.
°F.
F.
Inches.
Days.
Hr. min.
January
75-5
52-3
63-9
3-95
9-5
253 39
February
74-9
52-2
63-4
3-83
8-7
190 59
March
71-8
49-4
60-6
3-68
9-7
191 24
April
May
66-0
60-0
45-4
40-7
55-6
50-3"
4-26
5-52
10-8
12-5
160 23
141 41
June
55-6
38-2
46-8
4-86
12-9
119 40
July . . 54-2
37-0
45-5
5-29
14-1
127 14
August . . 56-1
37-5
46-7
5-01
13-4
148 15
September . .
59-6
40-8
50-2
5-14
14-4
156 5
October
63-9
44-0
54-0
4-89
14-1
187 5
November . .
68-3
46-7
57-5
4-09
12-8
213 44
December . .
72-8
49-6
61-1
3-63
9-7
228 28
Year . .
64-9
44-5
54-6
54-15
142-6
2,118 37
The Hawke's Bay Province is one of the richest in New Zealand, and is
favoured with a pleasant climate, being sheltered from westerly winds, though
occasionally they are of the warm and dry (Foehn) type. It is rather dry,
but ex-tropical disturbances are occasionally responsible for heavy downpours.
Though the number of " days with rain " is less, and sunshine above that of
other parts, the rainfall is still a good one, and fairly regular throughout the
year, though some seasons have been notably dry. The meteorological records
of Napier show reliable normals for the coastal districts. Inland the country
is rather mountainous and less mild.
Month.
Mean Temperatures for 29 Years.
Mean Rainfall for
15 Years.
Mean
Sunshine for
13 Years.
Maximum.
Minimum.
Mean.
°F.
°F.
°F.
Inches.
Days.
Hr. min.
January
75-9
57-0
66-4
1-64
6-4
281 5
February
74-5
56-7
65-6
2-47
6-4
212 56
March
71-2
54-7
63-0
3-86
9-3
211 49
April
67-2
50-4
58-7
2-58
7-9
195 27
May
61-7
46-3
54-0
4-42
9-7
159 20
June
58-0
42-3
50-1
2-59
7-9
165 40
July
56-5
41-6
49-0
3-95
10-8
149 27
August
57-9
42-1
50-0
3-13
10-8
187 14
September . .
62-3
45-2
53-7
1-83
8-3
220 11
October
66-4
48-7
57-5
2-44
9-1
235 38
November . .
69-6
51-8
60-7
2-17
8-4
245 42
December . .
73-1
55-3
64-2
2-07
7-1
275 38
Year . .
66-2
49-3
57-7
33-15 .
102-1
2,540 7
Wellington, the Capital City, as disclosed by its meteorological records,
has a mean climate for the whole Dominion. Wellington occupies a central
position, and is situated near Cook Strait, which divides the two main Islands.
It has a somewhat changeable but temperate climate, and, though occasion-
ally subject to disturbances from warmer regions, is usually controlled by the
terrestrial wind-currents which have a westerly direction round the world in
the latitude of the " forties." It is popularly regarded as a rather windy
spot, for high winds are frequently experienced, although they hardly ever
reach hurricane force. Its windiness is largely owing to local configuration,
for places quite near Wellington experience very little wind ; and to
compensate for this rather disagreeable element is a bountiful sunshine,
averaging 2,038 hours per annum. There is a plentiful rainfall, amounting to
nearly 50 in.
Between Wellington and Taranaki, following the Taranaki Bight, is pro-
bably one of the most fertile and agreeable regions in Australasia ; but inland,
though very productive, conditions are not so favourable.
Taranaki has a rather heav}^ rainfall, and in most pa,rts of this region the
grass is always green. Its climate is mild, and cattle winter in the open.
Wanganui and Palmerston North districts (which lie between Wellington and
Taranaki) have less rainfall than either Wellington or Taranaki, and have
advantages over other parts of both Wellington and Taranaki.
The climatic means for Wellington are as follow : —
Month.
Mean Temperatures for 56 Years.
Mean Rainfall for
58 Years.
Mean
Sunshine for
13 Years.
Maximum.
Minimum.
Mean.
°F.
°F.
°F.
Inches.
Days.
Hr. min.
January
69-4
55-8
62-5
3-28
10-4
232 30
February
69-2
55-7
62-5
3-23
9-1
208 50
March
66-8
54-2
60-5
3-29
11-7
176 37
April
62-8
51-3
57-0
3-89
13-2
153 58
May
58-3
47-3 52-8
4-81
16-7
130 50
June
54-7
44-3 49-5
4-93
17-3
103 39
July
53-1
42-3 47-7
5-81
18-4
101 31
August
54-4
42-8
48-6
4-46
17-0
142 2
September . .
57-4
45-7
51-6
4-09
15-2
161 29
October
60-3
48-3
54-3
4-13
14-1
178 32
November . .
63-4
50-4
56-9
3-48
• 12-8
207 3
December . .
66-9
53-8
60-3
3-21
12-1
240 55
Year
61-4
49-3
55-3
48-61
168-0
2,037 55
It may be useful to make a comparison between the records of Welling-
ton and those of Camden Square, London.
CAMDEN SQUARE, LONDON.
Mean Temperatures for 35 Years.
Month.
Maximum.
Minimum.
Mean.
January
43-5
34-0
38-8
February
45-6
34-4
40-0
March
50-1
35-6
42-9
April
57-4
39-4
48-4
May
64-9
45-2
55-1
June
70-9
51-0
61-0
July
74-1
54-4
64-3
August
72-6
53-7
63-2
September
67-4
49-8
58-6
October
57-5
43-9
50-7
November
49-7
38-9
44-3
December
45-1
35-8
40-5
Year ..
58-2
43-0
50-6
MOUMAHAKI.
Month.
Mean Temperatures for 14 Years.
Mean Rainfall for
15 Years.
Mean
Sunshine for
13 Years.
Maximum.
Minimum.
Mean.
-• i
°F.
°F.
°F.
Inches.
Days.
Hr. min.
January
70-0
53-3
61-6
3-03
9-5
236 12
February
70*8
53-3
62-1
2-79
8-0
186 58
March ' ..
69-6
52-4
61-0
3-85
9-1
179 35
April
May
64-4
59-1
48-2
44-1
56-3
51-6
3-94
4-17
13-1
14-0
152 53
121 22
June
55-1
42-5
48-8
4-39
15-2
99 53
July
53-7
40-9
47-3
4-27
16-9
106 54
August
55-5
41-8 48-7
3-67
14-6
138 51
September . .
58-8
44-8
51-8
4-04
14-2
150 5
October
61-8 „
47-0
54-3
4-41
15-0
163 21
November . .
64-6
49-1
56-8
3-61
12-8
168 42
December . .
68-2
50-9
59-5
3-59
12-1
231 12
Year . .
62-6
47-4
55-0
45-76
154-5
1,935 58
Nelson and Maryborough are highly favoured regions with regard to sun-
shine and shelter from marine winds. Long ago Bishop Selwyn said, " No
one knows what the climate is till he has basked in the almost perpetual
sunshine of Tasman's Gulf, with a frame braced and invigorated to the full
enjoyment of heat by the wholesome frost or cool snowy breeze of the night
before."
Pastoral and agricultural industries are thriving, and the Province of
Nelson is also famous for its fruit cultures — apples especially being celebrated
for their variety, colour, and flavour. The rainfall about Nelson is very
reliable, and averages from 35 in. to 45 in. per annum. Marlborough is also
a sunny province, and its rainfall averages from 25 in. to 30 in.
The records for Nelson are as follow : —
Month.
Mean Temperatures for 31 Years.
Mean Kainfall for
37 Years.
Maximum.
Minimum.
Mean.
°F.
°F.
°F.
Inches.
Days.
January
75-5
53-8
64-6
2-66
7-9
February
74-6
53-9
64-1
2-68
6-6
March
71-4
51-4
61-3
2-99
8-9
April
66-5
47-4
57-0
2-87
9-6
May
60-3
42-5
51-3
3-20
10-0
June
56-2
38-9,
47-5
3-82
10-1
July
54-7
37-7
46-2
3-61
11-2
August
56-7
38-6
47-6
3-01
10-5
September
60-8
42-4
51-5
3-70
12-2
October
64-9
45-0
55-0
3-24
11-9
November. .
69-0
48-4
58-7
2-91
11-3
December
72-0
51-4
61-8
2-68
8-8
Year 65-2
45-9
55-6
37-37
119-0
The climate of Westland is influenced by its position with regard
to the prevailing westerly winds, its proximity to the sea from which
these winds blow, and the mountainous character of its eastern half.
The rainfall, as might be expected, is heavy, and ranges from about
70 in. per annum in the north on the coast to as much as 200 in. in the
mountainous country. The weather-changes are chiefly due to atmospheric
depressions, with lowest pressures passing south of the Dominion. Cyclones
centred in the north, while bringing heavy rains to the North Island and the
east coast portions of the South, do not, as a rule, affect Westland, as
easterly winds, which then prevail, are not conducive to cloud-formation in
this province. Sunshine averages 1,858 hours a year, and, though not so
abundant as in east coast districts, is a good average amount considering the
rainfall. Westland is noted for a clear, beautiful atmosphere during fair-
weather periods.
HOKITIKA.
Month.
Mean Temperatures for 34 Years.
Mean Rainfall for
40 Years.
Mean
Sunshine for
7 Years.
Maximum.
Minimum.
Mean.
°F.
°F.
°F.
Inches.
Days.
Hr. min.
January
67-9
53-7
60-8
9-92
12-2
189 27
February
68-4
53-3
60-8
7-54
11-0
174 29
March
66-2
51-3
58-7
9-85
13-7
176 38
April
62-7
47-2
54-9
8-94
14-9
131 10
May
58-3
42-5
50-4
10-03
15-5
139 23
June
54-9
39-1
47-0
9-90
15-3
101 15
July
52-9
36-7
44-8
9-05
16-3
105 1
August
54-6
38-1
46-3
9-02
15-8 "
150 11
September . .
57-8
42-4
50-1
9-37
16-5
133 51
October
59-8
45-7
52-7
11-50
18-7
161 35
November . .
62-3
48-4
55-3
10-31
17-0
174 5
December
66-3
52-2
59-2
10-54
15-8
220 33
Year . .
60-9
45-8
53-3
105-62
152-2
1,857 38
.8
The chief health resort of the South Island, Hanmer Spa, is in North
Canterbury, situated on a small plateau. On account of its altitude, 1,120 ft.,
it enjoys an invigorating climate, with a mean annual temperature of only
about one degree below that of Chiistchurch. Owing to its elevated position and
nearness to the mountains Hanmer is irj some winter seasons subject to rather
severe snowstorms, such as are never experienced on the Canterbury Plains. The
mean annual rainfall is 38*15 in., and the mean total sunshine 1,992 hours.
The district of Canterbury comprises a variety of topographical features.
A plain stretches over a hundred miles from north-east to south-west, with a
maximum width of about forty miles from the east coast to the foothills to
the westward. The latter merge into the mountainous country culminating
in the main range of the Southern Alps, which divide the provinces of Canter-
bury and Westland, and afford a protection from the heavily-moisture-laden
north-westerly winds. The rainfall of the Canterbury Plains is in consequence
much restricted, the average being about 26 in. There is, however, a remark-
able progressive increase from east to west, as is shown by the records. At
Christchurch the mean is 25- 13 in. ; at Mount Torlesse Station (near Spring-
field), 39*86 in. The climate of Canterbury might almost be described as
Continental in type, with large extremes of temperature between summer and
winter and day and night. Except in the three summer months frosts are
numerous, and even in the early spring arid late autumn they are at times
severe enough to damage vegetation of a tender nature. In summer, day
temperatures of over 90° in the shade are sometimes experienced. Both with
regard to climate and soil the Plains have proved most suitable for agricul-
tural farming, and much of it is capable of growing splendid cereal and root
crops. The prevailing winds in Canterbury are north-east and south-west, while
north -westerlies are not, as often supposed, of frequent occurrence. They are
most common in the spring-time, and, being dry and warmy they have a some-
what enervating effect, though in winter-time they come as a welcome change
from the keen temperatures then generally ruling. The bright sunshine, as
recorded at Lincoln, shows a daily average for the year of 5'8 hours.
Month.
Mean Temperatures for 23 Years.
Mean Rainfall for
42 Years.
Maximum.
Minimum, i Mean.
°F.
°F.
°F.
Inches.
Days.
January
70-7 52-6
61-6
2-06
9-1
February
69-3 52-6
60-9
1-87
7-9
March
66-4 50-0
58-2 '
2-21
9-5
April . .
61-8
45-1
53-4
1-92
9-5
May
56-1
40-1
48-1
2-56
11*6
June
50-9
36-0
43-4
2-67
12-4
July
49-9
34-9
42-4
2-87
13-4
August
52-2
36-2
44-2
1-79
11-0
September
57-2
40-5
48-8
1-69
9-9
October
62-2
43-6
52-9
1-64
9-3
November. .
66-0
47-4
56-7
1-85
10-3
December. .
69-8
51-4
60-6
2-11
9-5
Year
61-0
44-2
52-6
25-23
123-4
Otago, as the southernmost part of New Zealand is now called, is very
diversified both as regards its physical features and its climate. Inland, in
Central and North Otago, the climate is dry and clear — hot in summer and
cold in winter. The rainfall for this district averages from 13 in. to 20 in.
Near the coast, in the Dunedin district, the rainfall is more plentiful,
averaging from 30 in. to 40 in. per annum, a good deal of which falls in
light drizzling rains. The records for Dunedin are as follows : —
Mean Temperatures for 55 Years.
Mean Rainfall for
Month.
62 Years.
Maximum.
Minimum.
Mean.
°F. °F.
°F.
Inches.
Days.
January
664
49-5 57-0
3-40
14-2
February
65-7
49-4
56-6
2-79
11-5
March
62-9
47-8
55-3
2-96
12-8
April
60-3
44-7
51-6
2-72
12-8
May
53-3
41-0
47-0
3-31
13-7
June
49-3 38-4
43-1
3-10
12-9
July
47-5
36-9
41-5
3-07
13-2
August
49-9
37-7
43-1
3-09
12-7
September
53-9
40-7
47-0
2-71
12-6
October
59-0
42-7 j 50-8
3-05
14-1
November. .
61-4
44-9
53-1
3-23
14-0
December
64-5
47-9
55-3
3-52
14-5
Year
57-8
43-5
50-1
36-95
15-9
Queenstown, on Lake Wakatipu, amongst the mountains, at an elevation
of over 1,000 ft., furnishes the following averages : —
Mean Temperatures for 9 Years.
TIT~«AU
Mean Rainfall for
Montn.
30 Years.
Maximum.
Minimum.
Mean.
CF. °F.
°F.
Inches.
Days.
January
70-4
49-9
60-1
2-82
8-8
February
70-2
49-6
59-9
1-82
5-6
March
66-4 47-9
57-1
2-55
7-2
April
59-1
43-8
51-5
2-97
7-9
May
51-8
38-6
45-2
2-63
7-5
June
45-9
33-7
39-7
2-39
6-9
July
43-3
31-8
37-5
1-89
5-9
August
47-3
33-8
40-6
1-82
6-2
September
54-3
38-7
46-5
2-60
7-5
October
59-8
42-1
50-9
3-69
9-1
November. .
63-2
44-5
53-8
2-74
8-4
December
68-0
49-2
58-6
2-44
8-1
Year
58-3
42-0
50-1
30-36
89-1
10
At Invercargill, the chief town of Southland, the averages are as follow :
Month.
Mean Temperatures for 11 Years.
Mean Rainfall for
26 Years.
Maximum. Minimum.
Mean.
January
°F.
65-8
°F.
48-3
°F.
57-0
Inches.
4-28
Days.
15-8
February
65-7
47-6
56-6
2-86
11-7
March
64-4
46-0
55-2
3-57
14-0
April
59-1
42-7
50-9
4-37
16-7
May
53-5
37-7
45-6
4-59
17-4
June
49-7
36-2
42-9
3-48
15-9
July
48-4
34-0
41-2
3-43
15-8
August
52-1
36-1
44-1
3-39
14-6
September
56-7
39-0
47-8
3-09
13-7
October
59-5
42-8
51-1
4-75
17-2
November . .
61-0
43-6
52-3
4-45
17-6
December
63-8
46-2
55-0
4-33
15-5
Year
58-3
41-7
50-0
46-59
185-9
The average rainfall of Southland is between 40 in. and 50 in., but
towards Queenstown the rainfall is between 30 in. and 40 in. The rainfall is
well distributed throughout the year, but there is less wind in winter than
in summer.
Stewart Island has a wonderfully mild and moist climate, especially on
its eastern side, with an average rainfall of 65' 18 in.
NEW ZEALAND EAINFALL.
The following tables show the difference, above or below the mean, for
each month in the year : —
NORTH ISLAND RAINFALL, 1919.
Monthly Means compared with the Averages for Fourteen Previous Years.
a
c3 -
>-a
£
£
|
T<
A
•<
I
9
a
&
1-5
j»,
"3
^
82
B
<J
t
£
«
o
1
1
-j-
4-47
4-04
Av.
3-21
2-98
4-48
4-04
4-82
4-48
5-39
4-26
3-83
4-47
3-72
3-35
-
2-62
1-79
2-24
1-35
2-95
3-25
3-90
3-23
2-27
1-68
Mean Number of Days with Rain, compared with the Averages for Fourteen
Previous Years.
1
!
1
<
>>
•
0
a
>>
"3
>-3
P '
I
|
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11-6
17*0
Av.
9-9
8-7
11-3
13-1
14-8
15-5
17-1
14-7
14-7
15-5
13-7
11-3
-
..
6-1
8-6
9-1
9-5
14-4
16-9
..
13-4
9-2
12-9
9-3
+ Above the average.
- Below the average.
11
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Continumts line showing the mean monthly rainfall.
Dotted line showing the total monthly rainfall from January, 1919, to January,
1920 (inclusive).
12
TEMPERATURE CURVES.
Deg. Jan.Feb.Har.Apl.May June Jly. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.Jan. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apl. May June Jly. Aug.Sep. Oct. Nov. De.c Jan
t-ahr.
65
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Continuous line showing the mean monthly temperature in shade for past years.
Dotted line showing the mean monthly temperature from January, 1919, to
January, 1920 (inclusive).
13
SOUTH ISLAND RAINFALL, 1919.
Monthly Means compared with the Averages for Fourteen Previous Years.
a
at
^
A
1
M
Cfl
%
!
1
<D
a
3
>-i
>>
"3
^
ci
|
a
X
1
>
o
5
1
-1-
5-96
3-65
4-01
4-03
Av.
3-59
2-81
3-62
3-31
3-62
3-93
3-88
3-16
3-88
3-88
3-42
3-82
-
0-67
1-52
3-19
1-49
3-75
3-43
3-01
••
2-4S
Number of Days with Rain, compared with the Average for Fourteen
Previous Years.
1
&
CD
h
1
'£
ft
•^
>,
o3
S
|
^
j>>
"s
i-s
ob
o
<!
I
o
O
1
C3
0)
P
-f-
16-4
14-0
Av.
12-1
9-4
11-7
12-1
12-4
13-4
13-5
12-4
13-5
14-3
13-9
13-0
-
••
6-0
7-7
11-4
7-5
11-3
12-1
••
12-1
11-8
13-7
10-d
+ Above the average. — Below the average.
METEOROLOGY.
TEMPERATURE, RAINFALL, ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE, AND WIND THROUGHOUT
NEW ZEALAND, AS OBSERVED AT TWELVE STATIONS, FOR THE YEAR 1919.
(The observations were taken at 9 a.m.)
Temperature in Shade.
Rainfall.
"o
a
.
"S^?
3
Months.
1
I
h
1 1 ||
I
ss
Prevailing
Winds.
a
i
1
|H
M
£
Jl
1
X g°
^
°F
°F.
°F.
°F
°F
No.
Inches.
Inches.
V -.
January
79-5
50-6
69:6
56-6
62-8
13
1-70
29-91
W, SW.
in X |
February
81-0
58-0
73-4
61-8
67-6
7
0-84
30-13
N, SW.
March .
77-0
46-0
70-3
56-5
63-4
13
2-07
30-07
SW, W.
c?^!^
April
69-0
41-0
65-0
51-8 58-4
15
1-12
30-11
W, SW.
-»i *^ «3
May
66-0
39-0
61-1
49-2
55-2
14
5-94
30-18
SW. SE.
2 •'~l
June
62-5
40-0
58-3
46-7
52-5
24
3-60
29-97
W, SW.
J^;
July
62-0
39-0
56-9
46-1
51-5
17
4-15
30-01
SW, S, W.
13
August .
62-0
39-0
57-6
44-0
50-8
19
3-00
29-99
SW, W.
3
September
65-0
38-5
58-3
45-5
51-9
18
3-56
29-83
SW, NW.
'o ' -~£:°
October. .
66-0
42-0
62-0
49-0
55-5
10
4-06
30-00
SW, W.
Sa2.~
November
69-0
41-0
64-7
48-7
56-7
16
2-16
29-92
W, SW.
December
74-0
43-5
68-2
54-5
61-3
8
1-35
30-00
SW.
tTtE-^
January
88-0
43-0
75-7
54-8
65-2
3
1-44
29-771
NW, NE.
i 1 February
85-0
47-0
74-6
58-5
66-6
2
2-90
30-105
SE, W, N.
c3~
March ..
81-0
42-0
70-2
52-0
61-1
6
0-97
30-013
W NW.
§.•."•*
April . .
73-5
33-5
66-5
45-2
55-8
4
0-68
30-095
NW, SW.
02 pq
May
77-0
34-0
59-8
42-2
51-0
6
3-15
30-203
W, SW.
§W
June
66-0
30-0
58-3
.40-1
49-2
3
2-56
29-926
NW, W.
Mco
July . .
71-0
29-5
56-6
42-3
49-4
9
2-57
30-049
NW, SW.
cSos10 1
August . .
65-5
31-0
58-2
42-5
50-3
10
3-65
29-969
NW, W, N.
s °° "
September
72-5
35-0
60-4
42-2
51-3
5
2-56
29-849
W.
p; 4* o ^
October . .
71-0
38-5
65-8
47-1
56-5
3
1-03
29-931
NW, W.
{555 g
November
77-0
39-0
68-1
48-5
58-3
3
0-45
29-795
NW, W.
o
December
85-0
38-0
72-5
50-5
61-5
4
0-64
29-965
NW, W.
14
Temperature in Shade.
Rainfall.
"o
-» ^
Months.
lij
I
I
If
s
c S
11
&
fl • ^
|1
o S3
Prevailing
Winds.
S
1
fl O
|H
|g
1 ^
g«
j
_
S-"
I
No.
Inches.
Inches.
•Sfc 1
January
76-0
38-0
67-6
50-2
58-9
7
1-73
W.
— t> ^
February
79-0
41-0
72-5
54-2
63-3
6
1-71
W.
.*P
March ..
77-0
32-0
68-8
47-8
58-3
6
1-28
_
W, E.
HI
April . .
May
71-0
66-0
30-0
26-0
62-9
58-5
44-3
38-6
53-6
48-5
7
7
0-88
0-85
W.
E, W.
^ --^
June
61-0
24-0
55-0
39-0
47-0
11
2-29
W, E.
cod"^
Julv . .
60-0
29-0
53-9
38-6
46-3
14
2-77
W.
!|H\-
August . .
September
62-0
64-0
31-0
32-0
55-4
57-1
44-8
41-3
50-1
49-2
17
12
3-84
2-72
W.
W.
2o x
October . .
70-0
35-0
62-1
45-2
53-6
8
1-73
W.
•— 5 so
November
70-0
33-0
60-.8
45-5
53-1
15
2-39
NW, W.
ft
December
80-0
32-0
65-8
45-4
55-6
6
1-13
W.
o^ I
January
75-0
45-0
67-5
51-5
59-5
20
7-01
SW.
CO0 --7-
February
80-0
50-0
74-5
57-2
65-8
4
1-93
S, SW.
-ki^^H
March . .
78-0
47-0
74-3
55-3
64-8
9
3-42
S, SW.
°P
April . .
May
72-0
68-0
45-0
31-0
66-0
60-3
52-1
46-9
59-0
53-6
10
7
3-52
2-32
S, SW.
SE, S, SW.
"§ ° S
June
65-0
38-0
58-7
45-5
52-2
21
5-23
SW, S.
oTL^
July
63-0
33-0
57-2
41-8
49-5
20
5-00
s,sw.
Sgrj V*
August . .
69-0
35-0
57-6
42-6
50-1
21
5-04
SW, S.
™'* a
September
67-0
40-0
60-4
45-4
52-9
21
5-10
S, SW.
^CO*
October . .
70-0
44-0
62-1
50-8
56-4
17
4-33
SW.
^ eoS
November
69-0
44-0
62-9
51-2
57-0
17
2-52
SW.
fc
December
73-0
38-0
67-7
52-0
59-8
11
1-61
SW, S.
«o T
January
71-8
43-5
65-2
55-4
60-3
10
3-74
29-718
NW, N.
'"'S
February
81-1
44-9
69-6
56-9
63-2
3
2-02
30-140
NW, N, S.
£_, ^
March . .
73-8
39-1
66-8
53-9
60-?,
6
1-10
30-006
NW, N.
•^i -^
April . .
67-5
88-2
60-7
49-7
55-2
12
1-93
30-062
N.
. o
May
63-4
33-6
57-0
46-2
51-6
9
1-92
30-202
S, N.
:§•£< 1
June
65-9
29-9
54-9
43-0
48-9
15
2-44
29-892
N, S, NW.
. T
Julv
57-7
32-0
53-4
42-3
47-8
18
3-05
30-052
S, NW.
I si
August . .
64-5
33-0
54-9
44-7
49-8
17
3-42
29-954
NW, N, S.
•65 S
September
65-3
31-2
57-1
43-8
50-4
12
1-96
29-857
NW, S.
•S ."^
October. .
68-8
40-7
60-4
48-4
51-4
9
1-93
29-953
NW, NE. S.
^•/ili
November
65-8
35-8
60-8
48-6
5-1-7
11
2-54
29-801
NW, N.
£
December
79-0
38-4
64-9
51-1
58-0
14
2-41
L'9-934
N, NW.
t~ ;o
January
83-0
43-0
72-1
51-5
61-8
10
3-03
SW, NE.
rH -*
February
83-5
49-5
74-9
57-0
65-9
3
0-28
SE, NE, SW.
SO * 1
March . .
78-0
41-0
70-2
50-9
60-5
6
0-91
SW, NE.
r-l rH J^
April . .
71-5
36-0
64-5
46-0
55-2
5
0-53
SW, SE.
0 CO ^
May
68-0
29-0
59-3
41-1
50-2
5
1-63
SE.
** S **
June
61-0
26-0
54-2
35-1
44-6
12
3-09
SE, SW.
CO
Julv . .
61-5
22-0
52-7
32-9
42-8
10
2-22
NE, SE.
^.aS
August . .
62-0
*
55-5
*
*
11
2-24
SE, NE.
7T-" rt
September
69-0
*
58-8
*
*
11
2-09
SW, SE.
o • * * "'
October . .
71-0
39-0
64-8
46-8
55-8
6
1-70
SW.
~ 02 S
November
74-0
37-0
66-3
47-6
56-9
9
1-82
SW, N.
£
December
76-0
37-0
70-3
50-7
60-5
8
1-04
! 1 N, SW.
^ •*
January
66-5
43-0
60-8
50-0
55-4
27
14-26
29-779
N, SW.
co sq
February
71-5
45-0
66-8
54-3
60-5
10
2-64
30-181
SW.
~^05
March . .
70-0
36-5
63-3
48-6
55-9
14
5-24
30-022
SW.
So
April . .
May
65-0
60-0
3"4-0
29-0
58-7
53-9
45-7
38-6
52-2
46-2
17
7
7-89
2-59
30-093
30-211
SW.
E, SE.
•S 1
June
57-5
26-5
51-1
38-1
44-6
19 12-09
29-880
E, SW.
~cfi • T
July
56-0
29-0
51-3
36-6
43-9
16 9-85
30-038
E.
-"|?€'
August . .
63-5
29-5
53-7
39-8
46-7
21
8-65
29-965
E.
Ji — S
September
60-5
28-0
54-9
39-2
47-0
17
7-72
29-862
E, NE.
15 -%3
October. .
65-5
31-5
57-4
44-7
51-0
18
9-15
29-974
SW, N.
^ ad's
November
61-0
33-0
57-5
45-6
51-5
23 13-18
29-831
SW.
W
December
73-0
33-0
60-5
46-9
53-7
16 ' 6-27
29-970
SW.
Incomplete.
15
Temperature in Shade.
Rainfall.
"o
j
Months.
S
«
* .2
fa
i
wl
Prevailing
Winds.
1
9
11 *%
SI
Q
1
li
5
*
P
1
1
lj Of) .
January
82-7
38-2
69-2 49-8
59-5
No.
13
Inches.
3-09
Inches.
29-615
NE, SW.
COCO |
February
81-8
39-0
68-6
53-0
60-8
6
0-21
30-095
NE, SW.
5?fc2
March . .
April
81-1
73-6
35-8
29-0
69-2
62-2
48-2
42-8
58-7
52-5
4
10
0-69
1-83
29-906
29-977
NE, SW.
NE, SW.
tt '""•cS
May
67-3
28-2
56-2
39-2
47-7
7
1-27
30-169
SW, NE.
"•e^
**"*j
June
66-6
26-5
52-0
35-4
43-7
7
2-59
29-824 I SW, NE.
•^.2 "5s
July . . 68-8
27-1
52-3
37-5
44-9
12
2-67
30-013 NE, SW.
|3 .-•-
August . . : 67-9
30-5
53-4
39-6
46-5
14
1-58
29-929 SW, NE.
^3 •„•
September 74-9
23-3
54-7
37-4
46-0
12
3-02
29-844
SW, NE.
5
October.. 75-6
32-9
63-0 44-2
53-6
7
1-42
29-866
NE, SW.
•egg
November
74-4
35-7
62-1 45-6
53-8
11
2-09
29-733
SW, NE.
3
December
81-1
33-4
67-6
48-1
57-8 7
1-24
29-855
NE, SWr.
Iocs January
84-0
37-0
70-7
47-1
58-9
14
4-50
29-620
NE, NW.
February
88-8
37-6
72-3
50-6
61-5
3
0-21
30-129
NE.
G<l 00
March . .
85-0
34-8
71-3
46-5
58-9
6
0-55
29-933
NE, NW.
cow |
April . .
78-8
30-2
65-0
42-4
53-7
9
2-04
30-062
NE, SW.
0 2<, T
May
70-0
28-2
59-3
37-2
48-2
6
1-10
30-176
NE, SW.
•*«>£
T j
June
67-0
26-6
54-4
35-0
44-7
8
2-54
29-811
NE, SW.
^ .N
July
67-4
28-0
53-8
36-3
45-0
11
2-46
29-994
NE,SW,NW.
— e^
August . .
68-0
30-2
54-8
37-7
46-2
12
1-96
29-931
NE, SW.
*~2 "S
September
74-0
21-8
57-8
37-0
47-4
11
2-65
29-845
SW,NE.
*C * r ""
October . .
76-6
33-5
64-1
41-9
53-0
8
1-68
29-842
NE, NW.
November
73-0
34-0
64-4
43-2
53-8
12
2-44
29-730
S, NE, SW.
.S32
December
85-0
29-8
70-2
43-9
57-0
10
1-41
29-868
SW, NE.
January 81-0
36-0
66-0
46-6
56-3
17
4-95
NE.
^a
February 89-0
40-0
65-8
49-9
57-8
11
0-86
NE, SE.
•* w
March .. 77-0
36-0
68-1
45-4
56-7
4
0-70
NE, NW.
"*^N
April . . 71-0
33-0
62-0
41-8
51-9
8
2-55
NE, SW.
*t£l |
May . . 70-0
27-0
56-8
37-2
47-0
4
0-12
SW.
"S . !U
June . . 70-0
24-0
53-6
34-6
44-1
5
1-77
SW.
^ st'o
July .. 61-0
26-0
5*6
34-4
43-0
10
2-09
SW, NE.
-2-§
August . . 61-0
27-0
51-9
36-6
44-3
14
4-65
NE.
September 73-0
31-0
53-9
37-4
45-6
12
4-83
NE, SW.
.— °~ii
October.. 74-0
30-0
60-4
42-0
51-2
10
1-02
NE.
°eS OQ sS
November 75-0
33-0
61-4
43-0
52-2
11
4-10
NE, SW.
^
December 77-0
36-0
65-4
45-4
55-4
9
2-48
NE.
January 78-0
38-0
63-0
47-4
55-2
25
7-12
29-608
SW, NE.
02 3
February 84-0
42-0
66-0
49-4
57-7
4
0-76
30-112
SW, NE.
W
March \ . . 75-0
36-0
64-5
47-7
56-1
10
1-37
29-910
NE, SW.
ift^l
Ap-il . . 70-0
35-0
57-4
43-5
50-4
16
5-57
29-973
SW.
°ft W I
May . . 68-0
30-0
53-4
40-2
46-8
12
1-66
30-164
N, SW.
**o ~?
June '. . 68-0
30-0
52-4
39-1
45-7
13
3-40
29-818
SW, N.
1§0
July
63-0
31-0
51-2
38-6
44-9
11
2-68
29-968
NE, SW, N.
August . . 67-0
30-0
52-4
38-9
45-6
18
7-48
29-919
SW, NE.
S .CO
September 73-0
29-0
54-4
39-9
47-1
15
3-58
29-822
SW, NE.
'S a^-
October.. 74-0
35-0
60-9
42-4
51-6
19
2-34
29-824
SW, NE.
S ^"sS
November
69-0
35-0
60-1
43-0
51-5
19
3-87
29-707
SW, NE.
P
December
83-0
36-0
64-2
46-4
55-3
13
3-07
29-850
SW, NE.
^ •'
January 72-0
37-0
61-7
46-1
53-9
27
7-75
SW, E.
<N pq
February 82-0
36-0
65-5
47-9
56-7
10
0-41
SW.
® *
March .. i 77-0
28-0
65-1
42-1
53-6
17
3-14
SW, NE.
'S- CN
April .. i 72-0
34-0
58-1
42-4
50-2
25
7-09
E, SW.
•*^ 00
May .. 65-0
23-0
54-3
38-1
46-2
21
4-04
SW, E.
_C5CO i
June . . 60-0
24-0
50-8
36-5
43-6
18
3-53
E.
— --T
July . . 58-0
19-0
49-6
33-2
41-4
19
4-09
E.
°EO P''**
August . . 62-0
26-5
51-8
35-9
43-8
22
5-34
E.
c6 — S
September 69-0
29-0
56-7
35-9
46-3
12
3-43
E.
K •• •
October . . 67-0
30-0
57-3
41-6
49-4
20
6-94
SW, NW.
g • —
November 70-0
35-0
57-5
42-2
49-8
21
4-14
SW, W.
£ '
December 78-0
38-0
63-0
4S-6
54-3
18
3-83
SW, W.
16
COMPARATIVE TABLE, YEAR 1919.
Temperature in Shade.
Rainfall.
"8
Stations.
• 3%
tf*
S|
si »*
•s'-2 .1 fa
§l •
|
ft
jf»-g
Prevailing
^ Q
O o
^ dd
o £» tj ^
0!M=!
r— 1 Q
Winds
«1
h
fl a&
jj
II*
^•2
If
1
|i
°F.
°F.
°F.
°F.
°F.
No. Inches.
Inches.
Auckland . . 81-0
38-5
63-8
50-8
57-3 174 33-55
30-001
SW, W.
Feb. 11 & 12
Sept. 8
1
Greenmeadows 88-0
29-5
65-6
47-2
56-4
58
22-60
29-973 NW, W.
(Napier)
Jan. 22
July 17
^
Palmerston N.
80-0
24-0
61-7 44-6
53-1 116
23-32 !
W, E.
Dec. 30
June 3
1
New Plymouth 80-0
31-0
64-1 49-4
56-7 1 178 47-03 j
SW, S.
Feb. 23
May 26 & 27
|
Wellington . . 81-1
29-9
60-5 48-7
54-6 136 28-51 29-967
NW, N,
Feb. 24
June 1
S.
Nelson . . 83-5
22-0
63-6 *
*
96 20-58
SW, NE,
Feb. 18
Julv 17
•
SE.
Hokitika . . 73-0
26-5
57-5 44-0
50-7 205 99-53
29-984
SW, E.
; Dec. 31
June 27
Christchurch 82-7
23-3
60-9 43-4
52-1
110 21-70
29-902
NE, SW.
Jan. 23
Sept. 2
Lincoln . . ! 88-8
21-8
63-2 41-6
52-4
110 23-54
29-912
NE, SW.
Feb. 18
Sept. 2
Waimate . . 89-0
24-0
59-7
41-2
50-4 115 30-12
NE, SW.
Feb. 18
June 28
Dunedin . . ! 84-0
29-0
58-3
43-0
50-6 175
42-90
29-890
SW, NE.
Feb. 17 & 20
Sept. 1
Invercargill . . 82-0
19-0
57-6
40-6
49-1
230
53-73
SW, E.
Feb. 21
July 31
* Incomplete.
By Authority : MARCUS F. MARKS, Government Printer, Wellington.
T500/9/20— 13625
Syracuse, N. Y
PAT. JAM. 21, 1908
!U Oi
452774
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