i
ry .
ARISTOPHANES>/Jt
THE CLOUDS
(
WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES
BY
W. W. MERRY, D.D.
KECTOR OF LINCOLN COLLEGE AND PUBLIC ORATOR
IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD
New Edition
AT THE CLARENDON PRESS
MDCCCLXXXIX
\_All rights reserved'^
PA
2)875
Ng
HENRY FRO^YDE
4
Oxford University Press Warehouse
Amen Corner, E.C.
PREFACE.
In preparing this edition of the ' Clouds ' of Aristophanes
I have endeavoured to give such full explanatory notes as
to make it a helpful school-book for the use of the higher
forms; while I have tried not to neglect the wants of some-
what more advanced scholars. The hveliness of the subject,
the insight given into the political and social life of Athens,
and the singular simplicity of the syntax, combine to recom-
mend the study of Aristophanes in every way. The exci-
sions that have been made are few ; but they will be found,
I hope, sufficient.
I gratefully acknowledge the help that I have derived
from Teuffel's two editions (Teubner, Leips. 1863, 1867);
and from the excellent introduction to the edition of Theo.
Kock (Weidmann, Berlin, 1862).
W. W. U.
Oxford,
May, 1879.
CONTENTS.
PAGE
IxTRODUCTION ........ V
Text . . i
Notes ••••••••• 57
Index . . . . ." . . . . to->
INTRODUCTION.
It has been well said that the three great tragic poets of
Athens are true representatives of three eras in her history.
Aeschylus seems to breathe the spirit of Athens at the time of
the Persian war, in which he himself had borne a part. Sopho-
cles mirrors in absolute perfection the harmonious grace and
artistic beauty of the age of Pericles. Euripides, though removed
so little in point of time from his predecessors, seems to express
a different tone of society. Some would go so far as to call him
the poet of the decadence.
Aeschylus exhibits to us a mind deeply religious, and severely
earnest — awed by the judicial power of the gods and reverently
submissive to their binding laws. Sophocles, with a more genial
spirit, can better appreciate the harmony of human freedom and
divine ordinance. The triumph of moral order over self-will is
with him rather a happy result than a crushing defeat.
Euripides, unlike the other two, cannot adopt unquestioningly
the traditional code of morals, and claims of national faith. His
attitude is critical : he is an inquirer more than a believer. The
government of the world; the actions of the gods; the myths
and legends of Hellenic religion ; the common-places of morality
— all are freely examined and freely judged. He is not irreligious
and he is not immoral ; but he is (if we choose to apply modern
terms) a rationalist and a sceptic. His is the questioning spirit
(tovto TovTn\uipiov . . . TO tL Xeyfi? crv', Nub. 1173) applied to
everything impartially, regarding nothing too sacred, or too time-
honoured for its scrutiny. In short, he represents the tone of
Athenian society that grew up in the period of the Peloponnesian
war. We are rightly warned not to speak of it as a time of
moral deterioration ; but it no doubt marked a great crisis ; as
p\ b
vi INTRODUCTION.
must always be the case when independent thought begins to
protest against what has hitherto been universally accepted ;
especially when such protest takes the form of free criticism of
those forms of government which have till then been taken for
granted.
It is against this growing tone that Ar istopha nes, as an un-
compromising conservative, fights with desperate energy. It
seemed to him at once impious and immoral ; and, above all,
it represented a deep disloyalty to that glorious Athenian past, in
the foreground of which he seemed to see the 'men who had
fought at Marathon ' as the only true type of national virtue.
This free discussion, this unscrupulous independence of view,
this setting up of individual judgment against immemorial tradi-
tion, was summed up under the general name o-o^toriKr;, and the
teachers who professed and disseminated such opinions were
called ao(^i(TTai, the very word gaining a tone of reproach by its
application to them.
These professors, or S ophis ts, were not for the most part
/ Athenian citizens. The most famous among them were Pro-
tagoras of Abdera, Prodicus of Ceos, Hippias of Elis, and Gorgias
of Leontini. But they lectured to Athenian audiences, and their
pupils were the wealthy Athenian youths. It was their business
to meet the wants of the age ; to introduce something like a
systematic education ; to furnish their pupils with a practical
philosophy that should fit them for the various duties of life.
! And this seemed to be best attained by teaching them the art of
speaking and arguing, and (as a necessary preparation) of specu-
lation. But the celebrated dictum of Protagoras that ' man is the
I measure of all things ' serves to show (however we may interpret
it) that they did not profess to believe in an absolute standard of
morality, or in any positive truth. Their aini_iias_ut[litarian.
And so their antagonists had some ground for saying that their
lessons in rhetoric and dialectic were intended to exhibit what
was plausible rather than what was true ; and they regarded with
a not unreasonable suspicion the high fees charged for imparting
* wisdom — a practice which seemed to them not only sordid but
positively sacrilegious.
The whole iivteijiion of this play of the ' Clouds ' is to make
INTR OD UC TI ON. VI 1
a vehement protest against the modern education introduced by
these professors. Its radical fault consists in taking Socrates as
Iheir representative. Some such central figure is, of course,
required, and there must always be an amount of unfairness, when
the crimes or mistakes of a whole class are visited on the person
of one man.
It is this necessity — as well as personal spite — which has over-
drawn the caricature of Cleon in the ' Knights ; ' and which has
done palpable injustice to Lamachus in the * Acharnians,' as the
type of the war-party. f^And in the ' Clouds ' the relation of
Socrates to the Sophists is wilfully or ignorantly misunderstood ;
so that the picture of him as their ' fugleman ' is, consequently,
notoriously unfair}
It must have been a great temptation to the Comic poet, and
his mask-maker, to bring upon the stage that \yell-known,
grotesque figure — that face with prominent eyes and flattened
nose, w-hich everyone was familiar with in the streets and in the
market-place. No one could mistake him. But the temptation to
present so familiar a character upon the stage, or even the con-
scientious desire to oppose the teaching of the Sophists, does
not make the representation any more truthful. L Nothing
could be more unfair than to describe Socrates as taking exor-
bitant fees from his pupils, as being the type of the pale and
squalid student, instead of the picture of rude health; or as
being devoted to astronomy, and natural philosophy — studies
which he had distinctly abjured long ago. jS^Ior is it a truthful
picture which represents Socrates shut up m a close and stuffy
school, instead of enjoying that vagabond life which sent him to
roam about the streets, and to haunt the shops and other places
of public resort. (Had Aristophanes really grasped the spirit of
the Socratic teaching, he would have seen that it was rather
La life-long protest against the shallowness of the Sophists-TpNo
one was further than he from accepting the evidence of the "
senses as the criterion of truth and falsehood ; or the tenden cy of
human desires as the crite rion of whatis_truly desirable.~?^nstead
of this, he was profoundly convinced of the importairce of a
virtuous life as the source of all happinessTj
But a superficial observer might, perhaps, be excused for not
b2
Vlll INTRODUCTION.
appreciating these radical differences. He would only see that
Socrates did not raise his voice in protesting loudly against the
spirit of the age in which he lived, nor cried in vain for the
-restoration of a past, which could never again be reproduced.
\_For Socrates had set himself the difficult task of attempting to
reform the faults of this modern spirit from within, instead of
merely decrying iE\ And such a task was particularly open to
^ misrepresentation, and was not likely to attract to itself the
sympathy of ordinary men. vThere were, too, not a few points of
actual resemblance between the Socratic method and that of the
Sophists. ' They both employed the instrument of Dialectic,
subjecting to the test of cross-examination the current views and
common beliefs of the time — and, thus, they had alike a negative
or destructive side to their philosophyTl If the Sophists delighted
to criticise, to question, to suggest doubts, and to raise objec-
tions ; so Socrates had an unwelcome mission to perform, namely,
to expose shams, to test severely, to weigh in the balances and
find many things wanting, to disenchant, to disabuse.^- But his
teaching had a cons tructi ve side as well ; to rear what was true
on the ruins of what was false; to make men think for them-
selves ; to elicit the thought in their minds, and to force them to
put it into shape.-i
Aristophanes was not alone in reckoning Socrates among the
Sophists. Long after his sentence and death, when his character
had been better studied and appreciated, Aeschines calls him
' Socrates the Sophist ; ' and, in still later times, Cato speaks of
him as the corrupter of youth. Therefore we can hardly be
surprised — we ought not even to be indignant — at a judgment
passed upon him by his contemporaries in all the excitement of
a party-struggle. When we remember, in the case of Cleon,
the furious invectives which Aristophanes employed, we snaTl
hardly be inclined to think his attack upon Socrates as personally
malevolent. He conscientiously regarded him as the head and
front of that modern spirit which was developing in Athens ; and
which threatened, as he thought, to sweep away all the old land-
marks and hallowed memories of the past. V-His fault lay in his
effort to stop the course of a torrent which could only gather
strength by being held back ; but which might, in the view of the
INTRODUCTION. IX
more far-sighted Socrates, be directed into proper channels, and
be adapted to the service of the generations to come.^
Aristophanes may then be considered as conscientious, though
mistaken, in his attack upon Socrates. Indeed, had he been
asked to distinguish between the gratuitous teacher of the
streets, and the paid and more regular professor, he would have
said that the former was the more dangerous. \ For the fees
which the professors charged had the effect or- limiting the
number of their pupils ; but the gratuitous teachiug of Socrates
was accessible to every stratum of Athenian society, jj
How formidable Socrates felt this attack to be, let him tell in
his own words in the Apologia (i8 b.), ffiov yap tioWoI Karrjyopoi
yeyovacn irpbs vjias Kai Trakai ttoXXo rjbrj tTt] Kai ovdep dXrjdes
Xeyoires* ovs eya> fiaXKov (pofBovpai rj rovs afKpl Avvtov, Kamep
ovTas Kai tovtovs deivovs. aXX eKelvoi Beivurepoi, a avBpes, oi vpcov
Toiis TToXXoij fK 7rai8cov TrapaXap(3dvovTfs sTvudov re Kai Karrjyopovu
epov ovdeu aXrjdiS, ais ecrTi tls '2u)KpuTrjs, (T0(p6s a.vi]p, to. re pfreoapn
(ppovTiaTTji, Kai TO. {jTTo yrjs anavra avf^rjrrjKas, Kai tov TjTTca \6yov
KpfLTTO) TTOiav. ovToi, a> a.v8p€s 'A6rjva'ioi, ravrrjv rrjv cpt']pr]v Stacr/ceSa-
aavres, ol deivoi elai pov Karrjyopoi' oi yap aKovovres rjyovvTai rovs
ravra ^rjTovvras ov8e deovs vopi^eiv. . . (lb. 1 9 c), ravTa yap ecopare
Kai avTol iv rfj ' Api(TTO(pavovs Kw/xcoSi'a, 'ScoKparr] riva (Kel rrepicftepo-
pevou, (paaKOVTO. re depojBuTelv, Kai aWrjv noWfjv (})\vapiav (pXva-
povvra, hv iyoi ovSep ovre peya ovre apiKpov Trepi eVato).
The play of the ' Clouds' was acted in the year 423 B.c, at the
Great Dionysia. But the author only gained the third prize,
Cratinus winning the first with his IIvtivt], and Ameipsias the
second with his Kouuos. This failure disappointed Aristophanes,
who thought it the very best play he had written : so he deter-
mined to make such alterations as were required, and to put it
on the stage again. It is this altered form, or Second Edition,
which we now possess ; as we might indeed have inferred from
the Parabasis (524 foil.), even had there been no external
evidence to the same effect.
The exact relation between the two editions is best given in
words from one of the Greek ' Arguments ' prefixed to the play,
probably the work of an Alexandrian grannnarian : tovto tuvtov
iari Tc5 TTporepco. SiaaKeuaffTai de dnl pepovs, cor av 81] dvabidd^ai
X INTRODUCTION.
fxiu nvTO Tov TTOirjTOv TTpoBvfirjdevros, ovKeri 6e tovto St rjv nore alrlav
TVQU](ravTo<:. KadoKov fiev ovu a^eduv napa ttclv fiipos yeyevrjpevrj
[? yey fvrjTai. 17] SiopGcocriS. Tci pev yap nepi^prjTai, to. 8e napane-
TrKenrat, koX iv rfj rd^fi Kal ev ttJ toov TrpoaaiTTOiv diaWayrj peTf(r)(r]-
fiaTKTTai. a 8e 6\o(TXfpr) rrjs SiaaKeurjs TOLaiira bvra rervx^jKev,
avTiKa fj irapd^aais tov ;)(opoi) TJpenrTai, koI ottov 6 SUaios Xoyos
TTpos TOV cidiKov XaXflf Koi TeKevToiov ottov KaieTU rj fiiarpj/3;)
2,(i}KpdT0VS.
* This edition is identical with the former one. But it has been
to some extent recast, as though the poet had intended to repro-
duce it on the stage, but for some reason or other had never done
so. A general revision too of nearly every part has been
effected; some portions having been withdrawn; while others
have been woven into the play, and alterations made in arrange-
ment and interchange of characters.
* The main changes in the play, as recast, are the altered para-
basis, the scene between the Just and Unjust Argument, and the
burning of the house of Socrates.'
Here we must carefully distinguish between the SiopOuo-is of
details, and the Siao-Keui] of the general plot.
What, we may ask, was the actual intention of these changes ?
Had the enmity to Socrates and his teaching deepened ? Had
Aristophanes learned, in the interim between the acting of the
first edition and the preparation of the second for the stage, to
regard Socrates as a dangerous citizen rather than as a silly
pedant ? It seems that these questions may be answered in the
affirmative.
(in the passage quoted above from the Apologia (19 c.) the
word ewpare limits the reference made by Socrates to the acted,
or earlier, edition of the playj (jThere he was represented only
as engaged in idle speculations ; but that a far more serious view
was afterwards taken of his teaching we can gather from the
nature of the charge made against him by Anytus and Meletu^,
2aKpdTT] (pTjaiv ddiKelv tovs Te veovs 8ia4)BeipovTa, Kal deovs oiis f]
TToXis vopi^ei ov vopi^ovTQ, iTepo 8e 8aip6via Kaivd Apol. 24 b. If
we take these words in connection with the views enunciated
by the Unjust Argument, we shall see that Socrates distinctly
appears as the champion of the new and pestilent form of education,
INTRODUCTION. xi
to the utter ruin, as the Just Argument says, of that ill-fated city j
ijTis ere Tp((f)fi Xvfiaivofjievov ro'ts neipuKiois (Nub. 1027). No
wonder that the later edition ended with the firing of Socrates'
house.
One of the Greek ' Arguments ' to the ' Clouds ' asserts that
the play was produced in 422 B.C. in the Archonship of Ameinias,
and that it failed more signally than before. But this was the
year in which Aristophanes brought out his ' Wasps ' and
* Proagon ; ' and the Parabasis of the ' Clouds ' makes mention
of the 'Maricas' of Eupolis, which was not represented till 421
B.C. ; so that the second edition of the ' Clouds ' must, under any
circumstances, have been subsequent to that date. The most
probable view is that this second edition was not only never /
reproduced, but that the recasting and revision were never quite /
completed. This is the only theory to account for such pheno-
mena as the lacuna at 1. 888 (see notes on text) ; the incongruity
of 11. 1105-1112 W'ith the foregoing scene, which was to decide
whether Pheidippides should take his instruction from the Just
or the Unjust Argument; the waiiLof harmony between the
strophe 700-706, and the antistrophe 804-813 ; the contradiction /
between 11. 550 and 581 ; the former of which speaks of Cleon \
as dead, the latter as living. All these marks of incompleteness '
would, we may suppose, have been obliterated, had the final ,
revision ever been made. It is not unlikely that after the death
of Aristophanes his sons published the imperfect recast of the
'Clouds,' without any further alterations; and that its evident
superiority to the former edition soon caused that version to fall
into disuse. A few lines are quoted in Athenaeus, Diogenes
Laertius, and Photius as having occurred fv rais Trporepais
Ne^eXats, which are not found in the extant form of the play.
But, more than that, they seem to point to scenes so totally
different from anything in the later edition, that we cannot help
thinking that the SiacrKevr] must have been very sweeping in its
changes.
We might well ask at what point in our play we could insert
this couplet, preserved by Diog. Laert. 2. 5, 18 :
'EvpiniSrjs 8 6 ras Tpay(o8ias iroicov
tas TrepiXaKovaas ovtos ((tti, ras cro(f)ds ?
xii INTRODUCTION.
or what offence offered to the Cloud-goddesses made them go oif
in a huff— (Phot. 398. 11):
€S TTjV Udpvrjd' opytadeia-ai. <})pov8ai Kara rov AvKa^TfTTOu ?
Indeed, the whole tendency of such evidence as we possess
corroborates the general view expressed in the Greek Argument
quoted above. But it forces us to give a very wide in-
terpretation of the opening sentence tovto ravrov fcm. tw
n pore pea.
Vft
NE^EAAI.
v-»
V
TA TOY APAMAT02 nPO^OHA.
2TPE^IAAH2. X0P02 NE*EAQN.
*EIAinniAH2. AIKAI02 AOFOS.
GEPAnQN 2TPE4'IAA0Y. AAIK02 A0r02.
MAGHTAl 2QKPAT0Y2. nA2IA2, fiamffTijs.
2QKPATH2. AMYNIA2, Sai/etar^y.
MAPTY2.
I
NE^EAAI.
2TPE4'1AAH2. 4>EIAinniAH2. GEPAHilN.
2TP. 'lou low*
u) ZeS fiacnXev, to xprj[xa tu>v vvktu>v oaov' (Jcfi"^ ' ^
aTTepavTov' ovbiiroO' rjjxepa yevrjcreTai ;
Kol jj.i]v TTCikaL y aX.eKTpv6vos i]kov(t eyca'
ol 8' olKirai piyKOVcnv' dAA' ovk av irpb rod. 5
d77oA.oio bi]T, S) TToAe/xe, ttoXXSiv ovveKa,
6t ovh€ KoXacr e^ecTTi p-oi tovs OLK^raS'
dAA' 01/8' 6 Xprjo-Tos ovTOcrl veavias
iyeCpeTM tt/s vvktos, aXXa Tr^pbeTat
kv ivivT€ cncrvpais €yKeKopbvXr]pLevos. 10
dAA' ei boKeX, peyKU)p.(v kyK€Kakvp.p.evoi. —
dAA' ov bvvap.ai betkaLOS evbeLv baKvop^evos
VTTO Trjs bairavris kol ttjs (pa.TV7]S Koi tS>v xP^^^'
bia TovTovl Tov vlov. 6 be K6p.rjv ^x.^v
iTTTrd^erai re kol ^vvcoptKeveTaL 15
oveLpoTToXel 6" lttttovs' eyw 8' airoWvp-ai,
6pQ)V ayovaav ti]v cr€Xi]vr]v elKobas'
ol yap TOKOL xoopovcriv. airre, ttol, Xv^vov,
KaK(f}epe TO ypap.p.aTi'iov, iv avayvSt XajSuiv
OTToa-ois d^et'Aco kol XoyC<T(op.ai. tovs tokovs. 20
r (bep' tbci}, tL ocbeiXo) ; ScoSexa jxvas TIaa-iq.
-^
\ ^ tov ba>beKa p.vas Uacria; r£ exp^^'^H-V^ > ' ^'^^ ^^
OT eTTpidp,r]v tov KOTtTrariav. oXp.01 ToXas,
ei^' e^eKo-rnqv irpoTepov tov 6(f)0aXp.ov Xid(o.
•J'EI. 4>iAtoj;, abtKUS' eXavve tov aavTov bpop-ov. 25
B 2
4 NEcJ)EAAI.
2TP. TOVT tort tovtI to KaKov 6 \x airokcoXeKev'
oveipoTToXeZ yap koL KaOevboiv linnKrjv.
<I>EI. TTocrous bpoixovs eka to. -noX^p.KTTi^pta ;
2TP. e/xe jxkvlcru 7ro)\IXovs Tov'Tiarip eXavvet.9 bpop-ovs.
arap tl xP^'o? e/3a /xe ixera itov Ylaaiav ; 30
rpeis /xyai btcfipicrKOV koL Tpo^olv 'Afxvvia.
4>EI. airaye tov 'lttttov e^aAtVas otKaSc.
2TP. dAA.', S /xe'A', e£?]A.tKas 6/jI€ y' e/c rwy efiaJy,
0T€ Kol 8i/ca? bXpXrjKa X^I^^'' '''okov ^
iveyypaa-acrOai (pacnv. / 4>EI. kreov, S irarep, 35
rt bva-KoXaiveis nal aTpe(f)ei^Ti]v vv)(6'' 6Xr]v ;
2TP. 8aKi;e6 ju,e b'qixapxps tls €k. tS)v o-rpcojudrcoy.
^EI. eacrov, S) bai\i6vi€, KarabapOelv tl [xe.
2TP. crv 8' ovy KaOevbe to. be XP^ ™^^' 'o-^' ^^^ t> ' ^ '
et? rrjy Ke(f)aX7]v airavTa ttjv cr-qv Tpi-^eTaL. 40
(pev.
ei^' w0eA' 17 irpopivria-TpL airoXia-Oai KaKW?,
r/ris jxe yr/ju.' eir^pe r^y CTTJy /xTjrepa" .
e/xot ydp i^y dypoiKOS rjbicTTOs /3ios,
evpcdTiSiv, aicoprjTos, ei/cv) Keip-evos,
^pvodv /xeXtrrat? Kai Trpo/Sdroi? Kat <rT€p,(f)vXois. 45
eireir ey?jjuia MeyaKXeovj roi) MeyaKXeous
d8eA.^t87/y aypoLKOS &>v e£ acrrea)?,
(Tep.vr]V, Tpv(f)0}crav, kyK€KOL(rvp(op.€vrjv.
ravTTjv OT kyap.ovv., (TvyKaTeKXiv6p.y]v eyo)
o^wz; rpuyd?, rpao-ta?, eptcoy irepLOVcrtas, 5°
77 8' aS p.vpov, KpoKov, KaTayXu>TTi(Tp.aT(x)V,
bairdvrjs, Xacfihyp-ov, K(oXi6,bos, TeveTvXXtbos.
ov p,T;y epo) y o)S apybs i]V, aXX icnrada,
eyo) 8' av avTrj ^oijudrtoy beLKVvs Tobl
Trp6(f)acnv e<pa(rKov, S yvvai, Xiav cnraQas. 55
0EP. eXaiov T/fuy oiiK tvecTT kv TO) Xt;)(i;fa).
NE*EAAI. 5
2TP. ot/zof Ti yap \xoi tov TTorrjv tjtttcs Xvyj;ov ;
b€vp i\d\ tva nXdjis. 0EP. 5ta tC brjra KXavcroixaL ;
2TP. OTL tS>v ira^eLwv everCOeis OpvaXXCboov.
ixera Tav6\ ottcos v<^v eyivcO^ vlbs ovTocrl, 60
e/xot re hi] koL rfj yvvaLKL TayaOfj,
Trepl Tovv6p.aTos or) 'vrevOev iXoLhopovp.€6a'
7} p.ev yap Ittttov irpocreTLOei irpos Tovvop.a,
BavOtTTTTOv rj XatptTTTToy 7] KaX\i.7nTLbr]v,
iyo) 8^ rod 7idTnT0V 'Ti6ep.rjv <J>et8a)i't6rji;. 65
rea)s jxev ovv kKpiv6p.e6^' etra rw XP°^^
KOLvfj ^vvi^r]p.€v KadepL^Oa 'i'eLbiTnribrjv.
TOVTOV TOV vlbv Xap.^dvov(T eKopiC^TO,
oTav (TV yJyas cbv app! kXavvrj^ irpos iroXiv,
uxnrep MeyaKAe?]?, ^uoriS' ex^y. eyo) 8' €(pr]v, 7°
OTav pL€v ovv Tas alyas ex tov (peXXecos,
(So-Trep 6 TiaTrip aov, bKpOspav €vrjpp.4vos.
dAA' ovK liTideTo Tols ep-ols ovbev XoyoLS,
dAA' tiTTTepov p.ov KaTeyje^v tS>v ■)(j)i]p.aTaiV.
vvv ovv oXrjv ti]v vvKTa (ppovTi^cav obov 75
p.Lav evpov CLTpairbv baip-ovicas virepcpva,
rjv rjv dva7r€L<T(o tovtovl, (TOi9t](Top.ai.
dAA.' e^eyetpat irp&Tov avTov fiovXop.ai.
TTcis brJT av ijbLcrr avTov iireyeipaip-L ; ttws ;
<I>ei8t73-7rt8?7, 4>et6t';T7rt8ioi;. 4>EI. rt, 2» irdTep ; 80
2TP. Kvcrov p.€ Kal ti]v X^V*^ ^^^ '''^?^ 8e£tdy.
<I^EI. ibov. tC ecTTLv ; 2TP. dni pot, (^tXeis ep,e ;
<^f>EI. i^TJ Toy rTocretSw rouroyt tov iTnnov.
STP. P-7J p.ot ye ToOroy p.r}bapLS)S tov iTrTTiOv'
ovTos yap 6 Qebs airto'? p.0L t&v KaKQv. 85
dXA' etTTep Ik tt)? Kapbias p.' oyrcos ^tAet?,
a» Trai, Trt^ou pot. <I>E1. rt 8e Trt^copat 8?/rd crot;
STP. ^KdTp^ylfov 0)9 rdxto"ra tovs o-ai;ToC Tpo-novs,
6 NE<t>EAAI,
KoX jxavOav e\6u)v av eyo) Trapaiyecro).
(I>EI. Xeye 8??, tC /ceXevetj; 2TP. Kat rt TretVet ; <I>EI.
ireicroixai, 9°
yr) roy Alovvctov. 2TP. 8eS/3o z/uy a7ro/3A€7re.
Opa? TO OvpiOV TOVTO KoX TCOKiblOV ,'
4>EI. 6p5. rt oSy tout' ecrTty ireov, 2» Trdrep ;
2)TP. ^Irvxpiv cro(pS)v tovt ecrTt cppovTicrTripiov.
ivTavd' evoLKOva avbpes ol tov ovpavov 95
AeyoyTes avaTreidova-iv ws ecrTty Trytyet^?,
KacTTtv TTepl Tjpias ovTOs, 7/p.ers 8' av6paKi.S'
ovTOi hihaa-Kovcr , apyvpiov ijv tis StSo),
Xiyovra vckolv /cat hiKaia KahiKa.
ff^EI. eto-iy 8e rives; 2TP. ov/c ot8' d/cpt/Sw? Tovyojaa*
IJLepiiJiVO(j)povTL(TTal KaXoC re KayaQoL loi
4>EI. al^ol, TTOvripoi y, oXha. tovs a\a(6vas,
Tovs b)yj)L(avTas, tovs avvirobriTovs Aeyeis*
(3y 6 KaKobaLjjiaiv ^(i)KpaTr]s Koi Xatpec^cSy.
2TP. 7j ?/, a-Lcaira' jur/Sey eiTrrj? yTjTrtoy. 105
dAA.' et Tt K7J8et Twy TroTpwcoy dA^tTcoy,
TOi^Tcoy yeyoy /xoi, o-)(ao-dp,eyo? T7jy LTnrLKijv.
ft>EI. ovK ay /xa Toy Ato'yuo-oy, et boLrjS ye /xoi
Tou? (pacnavovs ovs rpecpei Aecoyo'pa?.
2TP. t^', avTL(3okS) <r\ S» (piXraT avOp^itcav ep.OL, no
e\6(i)v StSdo-Kou. (I'EI. Kat t^ o-ot p.a6r](7op.aL ;
2TP. etyat Trap' avrols (jiacrlv ap.(p<X) tu> Ao'yo),
Toy KpeiTTOV, OCTTIS icTTL, Kal TOV i]TTOVa.
TOTJTOLV TOV ^TepOV Tolv \6yOLV, TOV i]TTova,
ViKav XiyovTO. (fyacn TabiKdorepa. 115
rjv ovv }x6.6r]s p-OL tov abcKOV tovtov Xoyov,
a vvv d^et'Aft) 8ta ere, tovtcov tS)v xpeS>v
ovK av airoboiriv ov8' av ojBoXov ovbevL
<IjEI. ova av 7rt^ot/x?jy' ov yap av Tkairjv Ibdv
NE<I>EAAI. 7
Tovs tTTirea? to \p5)iJ.a btaKeKvaio-fxivos. 120
2TP. ovK apa fxa rrjv Ai]ixrjTpa rSiv y ip.(ov eSet,
ovT avTos ov6^ 6 ^vyLOS ovd" 6 (rajx^opas'
aXA' k^eXS> a ks KopaKas eK tijs otKia?.
•J>EI. aAA.' ov TTepio-^lferaC p,' 6 Oelos MeyaKXerj?
aviTTTTOv. dAA' e6cret//t, (rou 8' ov (f)povTiu). 125
2TP. aAA. ov8' eyw fxivTot Trecrcov ye Keicrop.a\.'
aAA' ev^dpL€vos roicnv deols bibd^opiat,
avTos iSabiCoiv els to (ppovTLo-Trjpiov.
iras ovv yepcav cov KaTTLXricrp.oiiv koL ^pabvs
\6y(ov aKpL^S>v (TKtvbakdpLOVs \xa6ricrop.ai ; 130
iTr}T€0v. tC TavT e^oiv (TTpayyevop,ai,
dAA' ov)(l KOTTTO) Ti]v Ovpav ; iral, TTCubiov.
MA0HTHS.
^aAA' I? KopaKas' tls icrO^ 6 K6\}/as ti]v dvpav ;
STP. ^eibciivos vlbs 2rpev//-td8rjs Klkvvv6$€v.
MA0. d/xa^Tj? ye vrj At', oorts ovrcocn acpobpa 135
direpLp.epip.vcas Trjv dvpav AeAaKTi/cas
Kol (PpovTib' i^i]p.l3ku)Kas k^evpr]p,ivr\v.
2TP. avyyva^di p.Oi' Tr]Kov yap oIkG) tcov dypwy.
dAA' eiTre poL to irpaypa Tov^r]p.[3kci)pL€vov.
MAO. dAA' ov OepLLS 7tXi]v toIs p.a6r}Tala-LV Xiyuv. 140
2TP. Ae'ye vvv ep-ol Oapputv' eyw yap ovtoctX
rJKOi p.adr]T-i]s ets to ({)povTL(TTi]piov.
MAO.Ae^co. vopiL(Tai 6e raCra xpi] piV(TTi]pi.a»
avripeT dprt yiaipe^G>vTa 'EcoKpaT-qs
■v|n;AAay ottoctovs clXXolto tovs avTT]9 TTobas' 145
baKOVcra yap tov ^acpecpcovTos ti]v 6<ppvv
6771 TrjV K€(f)aXl]V TtjV ^(OKpaTOVS d(pl]XaTO.
2TP. 7r5? TovTo 8te/xerp7]o-e ; MA0. Se^twrara.
K-qpbv btaTi]^as, etra ti]v \lnjXXav Aa/3a)i'
8 NE*EAAI.
€vi(3ay}rev els tov K-qpov avTi]s no TToSe, 150
Kara yj/vyeia-r] 'TT€pL€(})vcrav YlepcnKau
Tavras viroXvaas avep-erpet to yjopiov,
2TP. S Zeu l3acnXev rrjs XeTTTOT-qros t5>v (ppevwv.
MA0.rt hiJT av, erepov et ttvOolo ^coKparovs
(f)p6vTL(rp.a ; 2TP. ttoIov ; avri^oXCi, KareLTre p-oi.
MA0. dvTjper' avrov X.aLp€(f)S>v 6 S^^rrios 156
oTTOTepa T7]v yv(i>\xr]v e^oi, ras e/x7rt8as
Kara to crTop! qbeiv, r) KaTa TOvppo~vyLOV.
2;TP. tl bi]T eKeivos etire Trept r?}s ep.TTibos ; ^
MA@.€(j)a<TKev etvai rovvTepov r^s ip-iribos 160
arevov' 8ta AeTrrou 8' ovtos avTov ttjv ttvoi]V
^ia ftabi^itv ev6v Tovppoirvyiov'
eTretra koIXov TTpbs o-Tev(o irpoa-Keip-evov
TOV irpcoKTov rix^'iv viro jStas tov irvevpiaTos.
2TP. crdATTty^ 6 TrpcoKTos ecrTtv apa t&v epmiboiv. 165
S TpLcrp-aKapLos tov bievTepevp-aTOS'
^ pqbiU)S (jievyoiv av aTTO({)vyot, biKrjV
oa-Tts biOLbe TovvTepov ttjs ip-iTLbos.
MA&.TTpcorjv be ye yvcapirfv p.eydk7]v a^r\pe6r]
VTT^ aa-KoXajiciiTov. 2TP. Tiva Tponov ; KaTeme p.01.
M.A&.Ci]tovvtos avTov r?/? o-eA?/rr]9 ret? obovs 171
Kat Tas '7TepL(popd9, etr' dvco KexrjvoTOS
dirb Tf]s dpo(})y]s vvKToop yaXecoTrjs KaTe^ecrev.
2TP. rj(r6riv yaXecary KaTo^eaavTi. '^(HKpaTOVS.
yLPi&.eydes be y i]p.lv belrrvov ovk rjv ea-irepas. 175
2TP. eteV tL ovv irpbs TakcptT ertaXap^-qcraTO ;
MA0. Kara r^9 rpaTrefrj? KaTaTrda-as XertT-qv Te(f)pav,
Kap-y^as o^eXicrKov, eira bi.a^riTT]v Xa(3<av,
eK Trjs TTaXaiCTTpas 6vp.dTiov vcpeCXeTO.
!STP. Tt biJT eaelvov tov QaXijv davp.dCop.ev ; 180
dvoiy dvoiy avvaas to (f)povTLa-Ti]piov,
NE4)EAAI. 9
KOi bel^ov o)s Tci-x^toTa, \xol tov ^coKpaTrjv,
lxa6r]Ti(o yap' dAA.' avoiye rrjv 6vpav,
do 'Hpa/cAet?, ravrl TTobaira to. 6r]pLa ;
MA0. rt iOavjxacras ; rw croi boKOva-tv elKevat ; 185
2TP. rot? en Ylvkov Xrjcfydela-L, toIs AaKOiVLKols.
arap tl hot es ti]v yrjv ^Ki-novcnv ovtou ;
MA0. CrjTovcTLv OVTOL TO. KaTo. yrjs. 2TP. l3ok(3ovs apa
^rjTovcn. p.r] vvv tovto y eVi (jipovri^eT^'
eyo) yap oib Xv etcri jjieyaXoL Kal KaXoi. 190
TL yap otbe bpSxriv ol cr(f)6bp eyK€KV(f)6T€9 ;
MAQ. OVTOL 8' ip€[3obL(f)&(TLV VTTO TOV TdpTapov.
2TP. TL bijO' 6 TTpoOKTOS is TOV OVpaVOV (3X€7Tei ;
MA0. atiro? KaO^ avTov a(rTpovo[xelv 8t8acrKerat.
aXX' €Lcn0', Lva /x?) 'kcIvos vjxiv kirLTvyj], 195
2TP. p.r\TT(i> ye, /x?^7rco y' aAA' €7TL[X€LvdvTU)v, tva
avTotaL K0LV(acr(iL> tl TtpayfxaTLOv €p.6v.
MA0. dAA' oii)( oXov T avTolcTL Trpbs tov depa
€^0} bLaTpLJSeLV TToXvv dyav IcttIv yjiovov,
2TP. Trpos Twy Q^dv, tl yap Tab^ kcTTLv ; elire [xol. 200
MA0. aarpovoixLa {xkv avTrjC. 2TP. tovtI 8e tl ;
MA0. yeco/xerpia. 2TP. tovt ovv tl eort xPWi-l^(^^ >
MAQ.yi]v dvap.€Tp€L(T6aL. 2TP. iroTepa ti]v KkrjpovxLKi]v ;
MAQ.ovK, dkXa Ti]v (TVixTTacrav. 2TP. dcrT^iov key^LS.
TO yap cr6(f)L(Tp.a brjixoTLKov koI xpr](Tip.ov. 205
MA0. aiV?] bi (TOL yi]s TTepCobos Trdcrrjs. opas ;
ai'Se iJ.ev ^A6i]vaL. 2TP. tl crv Ae'yeis ; ov Tret^ojuai,
€-el bLKacTTas ov^^ opoy Ka6i]pevovs.
MA0.&)S TOVT dkriOcos 'Attlkov to yjapiov.
2TP. Ka\ Ttov Klkvvvtj9 elalv ovfj-ol bifpiOTaL ; 210
MA0. ei/raC^' eveLcrLV. 1] be y Ev13ol\ ws opas,
■>]bl TTapaTtTaTaL p.aKpa iroppoi Travv.
2TP. Old'* viTO yap i)p.6)v TTapeTaOr} Kal YlepLKkeovs.
lO NE*EAAI.
dX/V' 7] AaKehaifxcov ttov ^(ttlv ; MAO. ottov '(ttlv;
avTrjL
STP. wj kyyv's rjjxcav. tovto Travv (ppovTiC^re, 215
TavTr\v 0.(1) rjjjL&v airayaye'tv iroppco irdw.
MA0.a\;^' ovx olov re. 2TP. vi] Af, oi/x«£e(r6>' &pa.
(f)€p€ TLS yap ovTos ovttI Tris Kpeixd9pa9 dvrjp ;
MA0. a^ro's. STP. rt? avros ; MA0. ^coKpdrrjs. 2TP.
u) SwKpare?.
t^' ovTos, dval36ri(Tov avrov fxoi jx^ya. 220
MA0. avro? ixkv ovv <tv KaXecrov' ov yap p.01. a^oXi].
2TP. S ^(aKpaT€'i,
U> liOiKpaTLOLOV.
2I2KPATHS.
tC p-e KaA.et9, cb '^?//xfpe ;
STP. TTpwTov pi^v o Ti, bpas, dvTL^oXca, KaTenre. p.01.
2X2. d€poj3aT(a Kal TiepuppovSi rov ijXtov. 225
2)TP. e'-Tretr' aTro rappov tovs Oeovs virepcPpove'i'S,
dAA.' oii/c aTTo r?;? y?)?, CLirep; 2)f2. ov yap ay Trore
e^evpov 6p6Q)'s ra juterecopa 'npdyp.ara,
ei />t^ Kpep.da-as to v6r]p.a Koi rrjv (jbpovriSa
XeTrrr/y Karap.i^a'S els tov op.oLov depa. 230
et 8' coy X"/^^^ rayo) Kdra)0ey ecr/coTrouy,
otiK dy TTO^' evpov' ov yap dXX' r/ yrj /3ta
e'A/cet Trpos avTi]v ti]v iK/xa8a r^? (ppovribos.
7rd(r)(et 8e ravro tovto Kat Ta Kdphap.a.
2TP. Tt (fn/? ; 235
r; cf)povTls e'A/cei Tv/y tK/xd8' ei? ra Kapbajxa ;
Wl vvv, Kard^-qO^ , cb "EcoKpaTibiov, w? ep,e,
tVa /xe 8t8a^Tjs wvirep ovveK e\i]Xv6a.
Efl. i/A^e? 8e Kara rt ; 2TP. /3ouXo'ju.eyo9 piaOelv
Xiyeiv.
NE^EAAI. 1 1
V7T0 yap t6ku>v xprjcrrcov re bv(TKoX(i)TaTMV 240
ayo[xai, (pepofjiai, to, yjtrijxaT kve\vpa^o}xaL.
2X2. TTodev 8' VTroxpecos cravTov (kades yev6p,evos ;
2TP. vocros p- eirirpL^p'ev liriTLK-q, beivi] cfyayelv.
akXa pe biba^ov rov erepov toIv crolv Xoyoiv,
Tov prjhcv aTTobibovTa. pia-Qov 8' ovtiv av 245
TTpaTTT] p, 6p.ovpai croi Kara8i](Teiv tov9 deovs.
2X2. TTOiovs Oeoiis o/xet cry ; irpCoTov yap 6eol
riplv vopaa-p,' ovk ecrri. 2TP. rw yap opvvr ; i)
cnbapsota-Lv, axrirep kv Bufavrico ;
2X2. j3ovX€i TO. dela irpdypaT eibevai cra^w? 250
aTT kcTTiv 6p6G>s ; 2TP. vi] At", etTrep earn ye.
2X2. Kal ^vyyevicrdai, raXs Nec^e'Aato-ty es koyovs,
Tat? rjaeTepaLcri, haLpocnv ; 2TP. nxdAtora ye.
2X2. KaOi^e roivvv Itti roy tepov crKipLTToba.
2TP. Ibov KaOrjpat. 2X2. tovtovI tolvvv Aa/3^ 255
Toy (TT€(pavov. 2TP. ctti Tt (jTi(pavov ; oXpot, 2cd-
/cpaTe?,
cdcnrep pe tov 'AOdpavO^ ottco? /j,?/ dva-ere.
2X2. OKK, dAA.a TavTa iravra tovs reXovpLevovs
T;p,et? TTOLOvpev. 2TP. etra S?) Tt Kepbavw ;
2X2. Ae'yety yey7/(ret rpippa, KporaXov, TraLirdXr]. 260
dAA' e)(' arpepei. 2TP. jixa Toy At" ov •v//-ei;cret
ye' ^e-
KaraTTaTTop-evos yap TranrdXr) y^vqcropai.
2X2. €V({)rip^lv XPV "^(^v TTpecrj3vTr]v Kal rrjs €VXV^ vira-
__ ,KOV€LV.
S bi&TTOT dva^, ap,iTpr]T 'A?jp,il6? exeis \T?)y y?/y
jueTe'topoy, ' ' I '
Xap.TTp6s T AWi]p, aepvai re Oeal Ne0e'Aat ^poy-
Tr](riK€pavi'OL, 26^
apdr]Te, (f)dviiT, 00 8tcr7rotyat, tw (fypovTiaTfj p^riodpoi.
1 2 NE4)EAA1.
2TP. iJ.t]TT(o jj/]TT(o ye, irplv av tovtX TTTV^oiixai, jxi] Kara-
TO be /xTjSe KVvT]V o'Uodev kkQeiv e/xe tov KUKobai-
\iov ^\ovTa.
21X2. e'A^ere hrjT , w iToXvTiixriTOL Ne^e'Aat, rcod' eh
kiriheL^iv'
e'lT Itt' ^OkvixTTov Kopv(f)als Upais yjiOvo^X7\Toi(n
KciO-qa-Qe, 270
eir' 'liKeayoS Trarpos iv kti]ttois Upbv ^opov tcrrare
Nvp.(f)ai.s,
eiT apa NetAou irpoxoals vbdroyv XP^'^'^ci'? apvecrde
TTpoxoXaiv,
7) Matwrty Kijxvr]v e')(€r ?) (r/coTreXoi' vKpoevra Mt-
e-naKOVaare be^dp-evai Ovcriav koI toIs Upolcri ^a-
/3ctcrai.
X0P02.
aivaoL Ne</)eAat, 275
apQS>ix€V (pavepal bpocrepav cfyvcnv evdyrjTOV,
irarpos dir' 'HKeavov fiapva^eo^
v\l/r]X(av opioiv Kopv(f)as eiTi
bevhpoKOixovs, tva 280
Tr]X.e(paveTs CKOTrta? d(f)op(ajxe9a,
Kapirovs T apbop.ivav lepav yOova,
KoX TTOTafxwv ^adioiv KeXabrnxara,
KaX TTovTov KeXdbovra j3apvl3poiJ.ov'
op.p.a yap aldepos andpiaTov aeKayeiTai 285
fxapp-apiaLS ev avyals.
aAA' aTToa-eicrdixevai ve(f)Os op.^piov
dOavdras iSeas eTTtSw/xe^a
Trjkeo-KOTTOi o/x/xari yalav. 290
I
NE<I)EAAI. 13
2)f2. S ixiya creiival Ne^eAat, (f)ai'€p^s riKOVcrari fxov
KaXiaavTos.
i](t6ov (pcovijs a/itt koL ppovTrj's iiVKrjTanevrjs OeocreTTTOv;
oil fXJj (TKwx/^ets, p;8e 77oi7;creis a-ep 01 TpvyobaCixoves
OVTOl.
dAA' €V(priix€L' jxiya yap tl d^Qv KLvelraL o-ji^os aotSai?.
XOP. TTapOh'OL 6p.^po(^6poL,
lA^co/^ey Xi-napav xOova UaXkahos, evavbpov yav 300
Ke/cpoTTOS 6y\r6\xivai 7Tokvi]paTOV'
ov (re/3as appi]T(av lepuiv, Xva
[XVOToboKOS bofxos
kv reAeraij ayiais avab^LKwrai,
ovpavtoLS re deols 8cop7/juiara, 305
vaoL 6' vyj/epecpels koL ayaXp-ara,
KoX upoaohoi p-UKapcov tepwrarat,
evaT€(PavoL re dec^v OvcrLaL daXiai re,
TTavTobairaXs kv &pais, 3io
^pt T k~epypp-ivio Bpop.ia x°P'^»
eti\eAa8coy re yopSiv ip^Oiap-ara,
Kol Movaa fiapv,3popiOS avXwv.
2TP. irpos roC Atos arri/3oA(3 (re, (ppdaov, rives eXcr, w
2wKpare9, aSrat
ai <l)9ey^dp.evai tovto to crepvov ; p.u>v ijpiovai
TLV€s elcTLv ; 315
212. T]KLcrT, dAX' ovpdviat Ne^e'Aat, p.eyd/\ai ^eat dvbpa-
aiv dpyols'
ai-ep yv(!op.i]v koI biaXe^iv kol vovv i]pXv 'napeyovai,
KoX TepareCav kol irepCXe^u' koI Kpovcriv koX KardXr^^jfLV.
2TP. raCr' dp' dKovcracr avrGiv to <p6iyp.^ 1) V^X^i M*'^
TTeTTOTrirai,
KoX Xe-ToXoyeLv ■tjbi] C'?''^' ''<^' Tie pi Kairvov arevo-
X€(r)(€lv, 320
14 NE4>EAAI.
Kol yv(0}xihi(^ yvu>ixr]v vv^acr erepo) X6y(:d avrCKo-
yijaaL'
U)(TT, et TTCdS (.(JTLV, Ihilv avTus I'l^f] (j)av(p(as
212. jSAcTre vvv bevpl Trpos T'i]v Yldpvrjd'' t/Stj yap opoi)
KaTLOvaas
Tjcrv^V o.vTds. 21TP. (})epe, ttov ; bel^ov. 212. )(a)-
pov(T avrai ttolvv TtoXkai,
Sta tS>v KOtkoiv KOL T(av bacrecov, avrat TrXaytai.
2TP. rt TO XPW^ y 325"
ct)S ov Ka6opG>. 2X2. Trapa ti]V eicrooov. 2TP. 7/8/7
vvvl /xdAt? ovro)?.
2)12. vvv yk rot t/Stj KaOopas avrds, ei juj) Xrjp.qs koXo-
KVVTatS.
2TP. I*?/ At' eycoy, a> 'noXvTiixf]Toi, Travra yap 7/877
Kare}(oi;crt.
212. Tavras \J.ivToi av Oeas ovcras ovk fjbei'i ovb €vo-
2TP. im At", aAA' op.ixXr]v Kal bpocrov avras ijyovfxriv
Kal KaiTvov etyat. ''^, 33°
211. ov yap fxa At" otcr^' orti] 7rA.etVrou? aurat (iodKOV-
Crt (TOCpLCTTds,
OovpioixdvTeis, larporixvas, (r(ppayLbovvxapyoKOixi]Tas,
KVKkioiv re xopS>v aa-p-aroKapiTTTas, dvbpas p.€Teu)po-
(pevaKas,
ovbev bpQvras [Soa-Kovcr apyovs, utl ravras p.ov-
(TOTTOLOVCTLV.
2TP. rai3r' dp' eiroLOVv vypav Ne^eAay a-rpeTTTaiyXav
bd'Cov 6pp.dv, 335
nXoicdixovs 6' UaToyKecfydXa Tv(f)S), TTprjixaLvovaas
re OvtXXas,
etr' aeptas, otepa?, yap-yj/ovs oloivovs aepovrjxeis.
NE<I)EAAI. 15
OjXtSpovs 6' vboLTcav bpocrepav Ne^eAay* etr avT
aVTWV KaT€TtLVOV
K^dTpav T(p.a)(r] p.eyakav ayaOav, Kpia t opviOeia
Kl\7]X0.V.
—£l. hia ixevTOL rda-b' ov)(l biKaicos ; -ITP. Xe^ov 877
/xot, TL TTaOovaai, 340
yvvai^LV ;
ov yap tKeiyat y etcrt rotatrai. 212. (^iip^, irolai
yap TLves ^Icnv ;
2TP. ovK. olha aa(f)ajs' ^t^aaLv 8' ovv epioLcnv ir^Tira-
p.ivoicn,
Kov')(X yvva'.^iv, p-a AC, ovb' otlovv' avrai he
pivas eyjavaiv.
2X2. OLTiOKpivai vvv cltt av epMpau 2TP. Xiye vvv
Tax^oos Ti fiovXeL. 345
212. iihr] TTOT avajSXiyj/as eiSes vecjiiXriv Kevravpu)
6p.oiav
ri TTapbaXeL 1] Avko) i] ravpfd ; 2TP. vi] At" iycay.
etra tl tovto ;
2X2. yiyvovTai Trdvd' 6 tl fiovXovTai' kut i]v p.€v
iScocri Kop.i]Triv,
aypiov TLva t&v Xaaioyv tqvtcov, ol6v~€p tov He-
VO(l>dvTOV,
(TKCoTTTovaaL Ti]v p.aviav avrov KevravpoLS ijKaa-av
avTCLS. 350
2TP. TL yap, i)v ap-aya tG>v brjixoa-Ccov KaTLOcoaL "^ipoiva,
TL bpcacTLV ;
2X2. a~o(f)aLvovcraL ti]v (pvcrLV avTOv Xvkol e^aLCpvrjS
kyivovTO.
2TP. TavT apa, TavTa KXecLwixov avraL tov pi^aariLV
X^fs IbovaaL,
1 6 NEcJjEAAI.
on beiXoTarov tovtov ecopcoy, ekacpot bio. tovi
kyivovro.
SO. KoX vvv y OTL Kk€L(rdevr] a,bov, opas, bia tovt
kyivovTO yvvaiKes. 355
2TP. yjiipere tolvvv, S) hicnroLvaC /cat vvv, etTrep tlv\
KaKkdi,
ovpavofJi.riKrj pi]^aT€ Kapiol (f)(i>vrjv, S TrapLJiacri-
Xetat.
XOP. xoxp , 2) irpea-fivTa iraXaLoyeves, OrjpaTo. Xoyodv
(f)LX0IX0TU(TU)V'
av T€, XeTTTOTarcav X/]pcov Upev, (^pa^e. irpos rjixas
o ^' xpvC^'-^'
oil yap av aXXio y VTraKOva-aip.ev tQv vvv jieTeoi-
pocro(piaT(av 360
TrA.TJy rj Ylpobinco, rw p.€v (ro^ias Kal yvuip.i]S ov-
veKa, (Tol be,
OTL (3pev6veL t kv ralcnv obols Kal rbxpOaXp-o)
Trapa^aAXet?,
KavvTTobrjTos KaKO, TTo'AA.' avex^i Ka<p^ i]plv aep.vo-
TTpocrcaireis.
2TP. S r^ Tov (f)64ypLaTos, ws lepov Kal (rejivov Kal re-
paT&bes.
SX2. avTttL yap tol jxovat eicrt Oeai' raXXa b^ ttuvt
karl (f)Xvapo9. 365
STP. 6 Zevs 8' 7/ju.ii;, (^epe, irpos r?}? Tijs, ovXvjXTnos ov
Oeos kariv ;
2X2. 770109 Zevs ; ov fxri Arypv/cret?* ov8' ecrrt ZefS.
2TP. rt Xeyets ot; ;
aXA.a rt? vei ; tovtI yap e/xoty' a.TTocfj'qvai itp&Tov
airavTOiv.
2X2. avrat br\ ttov /jieyaA.ots 8e cr' eyo) (rrjp.€iois avTo
btbd^ui.
NE^EAAI. 17
cpipe, TTOV yap irumoT av€V Ne^eAcSy vovt ijhr}
Te Oeacr aL ; 37°
KaiToi XP^^ aiOpias veLV avrov, Tavras 8' aitobrj-
2TP. v^] TOP 'Atto'AAco, tovto yi rot t<2 vvvl k6y(^ eu
^ -npocTi^vcras' ^ ^ ^ '^ ^"*?^^^^ " tlf*- ( c
'^r' '"' oXX' ocrrts 6 JBpovTcav ecrrt (f)pdcrov, tovO' /xe Troter *"'^'. '.
T^Tpep-aCveLv. ->v^«
212. avrat ^povrZcn KvXLvb6pL€vat. 2TP. rw rpoTTM, cb
Tiayra en) ToXp.G>v ; 375
212. oray eixTrXrjaOciKr vbaros ttoXXov KavayKa(rd(o(n
(f)ep€(rdaL,
KaraKp-qp-vcpievai TTXrjpei^ op.^pov hC avdyKrjv, etra
(BapelaL
els dXXi]Xas iixTTLirTova-ai pr\yvvvTai koX Trara-
yovaLV. •
2TP. 6 8' a.vayKa((i)v ecrrt rts avrds, oi^ 6 Zevs, ojcrre
(pepecrOai ;
2Ii. i}KL(TT, dA.X' aWepLos blvos. 2TP. AtiJos ; rourt
/x,' i\eX.i]eet, 38°
6 Zevs ovK wr, aXA' dvT avrov Alvos vvvl (Bacrc-
Xivcov.
arap ovbev ttco -rrept rod irardyov koX t^s ^povTXjs
IX ebiha^a?.
212. ov/c 7;K0U(ras [xov ras Ne^e'Aa? -y'Saros ixea-ras ort
(/)r]/it
iinriTTTOvcras els dWijXas Trarayelv ota T7jy ttvkvo-
T7] ra ;
2TP. <^ep^ rourt tw )(J)i] inaTeveiv ; 2X2. d770 a-avrov
'yct) (re 8t8d^a). 385
ijStj ^cojuou rTaya^Tji'aiots e|;x,7rA.7](r0eis etr kra-
pd\Qr\s
C
i8 NE^EAAI.
Trjv yacrripa, koL kXovo^ (^aC(f>vr]s avrrjv bceKop-
Kopvyr]crev ;
2TP. VI] TOP 'AttoAXco, Kol beiva Trotet y' evOvs /xoi, koI
TerdpaKfau
yJaa-TT^p ^povrrj to C^fJiibLov -Trarayei, Koi betva
KeKffayev,
aTpifxa^ TrpoiTov Trainia^ TraTTira^, KaTretr' cTrayei
TTaTTaTTaTnrd^. 390
2i2. (TKiyj/at toCvvv d-TTo yaarpibiov rvvvovTovX ola
KeKpayas'
Tov 8' ciipa Tovb^ ovT direpavTOv, ttws ovk cikos
jueya jSpovrdv ;
2TP. dA.A' 6 K€pavvbs TroOev av ^eperai Xdixiraiv irvpi,
TovTO biba^ov, 395
K.al KaTa(f)pvy€L (SdWcov i]p.as, tovs Se ^Q>vTas Tre-
pL(f)X.veL.
TOVTOV yap bi] (pavep&s 6 Zevs trjcr cttI tovs eTTt-
OpKOVS.
2X2. K.al TT<as, S) pLMpe crv kol Kpovmv o^cov kol [3€K-
KeaeXrive,
eiTre/) ^dXXet tovs kiriopKovs, ttcSs ovyX Si/xcoy
kviitpTqcrev
ovbe Kkea)vv[j.ov ovb€ ©ecopoy ; KaiTOL crcjiobpa y
el(T eiTLopKOt,' 400
akXa TOV avTov ye vewy fidXXeL koI 'Eovvlov aapov
'Adrjvecov,
Kot Tas bpvs TCLS fxeydkar tL [xadcov ; ov yap br]
bpvs y ImopK^.
2TP. OVK oW' aTap €V (rv Xiyiiv ^aiVet. ri ydp kcrTiv
bi]6^ 6 K^pavvos ;
2X2. oTav els TavTas dve[xos $r]pos ixiTicapLO-Oels KaTa-
KXetadfj,
NEc|)EAAT. 19
ivboOev avras uxnrep kvcttiv (f)vcra, KaireiO^ v-n
avdyKrjs 405
pi]$as avTCLS e£a> ^eperat crol3apos 8ta ti]v TrvKvoTrjra,
virb Tov poijSbov Koi rijs pvpi]? avrbs kavTov Ka-
TaKaicov.
ZTP. vrj AC, eyo) yovv drexi'w? ^iraOov tovtl Trore
AiaaioiaLV'
u>7TT(t)v yacTTepa roi? crvyyevicnv, kut ovk eayuiv
apeKi](Tas'
7] 8' ap €(f)va'aT, etr' e^ai<pvr}s bia\aKr}(Tacra Trpo?
avro) 410
T0t)(j)6aXp(o pov TTpocreTLXrja-ev koI KareKavcrev to
Trp6(70j~OV.
XOP. 2) TTJs peydXrjs iinOvpricras aocpias dvOpcoire irap'
r]p5>v,
0)9 (.vhaipoiv kv 'AOrjvaiOLS kol toIs 'EAArjcrt ye-
ei pLVT^pOiV et KOl (ppOVTL(TTr}S KOL TO TaXaiTTiopov
kv Tj] '^XV> '^'^' F^ Kapvets prjO^ eoro)? /xrjre /3a-
8tX<^z', 415
/X7}re pcy&v ayOet Xiav, pr\T apicrTav k-niOvp^Zs,
olvov T cnriyei koX yvpvacrtcov kol tQ>v aXKutv
dvoriTcov,
Koi ^ikTLCTTOV TOVTO VOpl^^LS, OTTep etKO? be^LOV
dvhpa,
VIKOLV 7Tpa.TTU)V Kol [3ov\eV(i)V KOL TTJ yXcaTTJ] TTO-
XepiCutv.
2TP. dAX' €V€Kev ye '^vx^js (TTeppds bvaKoXoKOLTOv re
pepCpvrjs, 420
Kot <f)eLb(i)\ov Koi TpvcnjSiov yaaTpbi kol dvpjSpeiTi.-
bcClTVOV
C2
20 NE^EAAI.
d/ieAei, OappQv etveKa rovToiv ^Tn\a\Keveiv irap-
^;(ot/x' av.
212. aWo Ti hf]T ov voixuls ybrj Oebv ovheva irki^v
airep T/juei?,
TO \aos tovtI koL tcls Ne0eA.as Kal ti]v yXSiTTav,
Tpia TavTi ;
2TP. ovh av hiaK(\Oi.'u]v y aTi.yj}Q>'s rots aXXoi?, ov^
av aiTavTo)v' 425
ovb' av dvaaip! , ovh^ av (nT€L(raLp.\ ovoi' iTnOeirjv
XifiavctiTov.
XOP. Xeye vvv rfp-iv o tl aoL 8pc3/x€y OappCiv, ojs ovk
aTvyj\(Tei^,
7]p.a9 Tip.G>v KaX Oaviia^iov koX Qr]TSiv 8e^t6? eirai.
2TP. o) hia-Tioivai, hiop-ai tolvvv vjx&v tovtI ttAvv /xi-
^ Kpov,
T&v 'EAAtjj/coz; {tvaC /xe Xiy^iv e/caroy arahioicnv
api.(TT0V' 430
XOP. aAA' earai aoL tovto Trap" r]p.G>v' wore to Xomov
y CLTTO Tovbl
kv ro) 8?/]u.(t) yvfip-as ovbels vtKrjcreL irXeiovas rj av.
2TP. ^1] p.oi ye Afcyeiv yvcip-as ixeydkas' ov yap tovtwv
€TTi6viX(a,
aXk' OCT i[MavT<2 orpei/^oStK^crat Kal tovs xp?/oTas
SioXtcr^eiv.
XOP. Tey^et TOLVVV S>v lp.dpeis' ov yap ixeydkutv eTTt-
6vp.ds. 435
ctAAa aeavrbv Oapputv irapdho's rots i]p.eTipois
TTpOTTokOKn.
STP. 8p(i(ra) Tai30' {i/xti; 7rtcrre7;(ras* ^ yap dvdyKrj y.e
TlliCeL
8ia TOVS tlTTTOVS TOVS KOTTTTaTLas Kal TOV ydpLOV,
OS fM e7reV/3i\/rey.
NE4>EAAI. 21
vvv ovv Tovra )(/)?jo-^ft)i; arexvQs
o Ti (BovXovTai.
tovtI to -/ €[j.bv (Twjx' avToicriv 440
irap^xf^ TVTTTeLV, ttclviJv, biyf/riv,
avxp-^^v, piyS>v, acTKov beipeiv,
ecTTep TO. XP^^ bia(f)€V^oviJLaL,
TOiS T avdp(oTrois ^Ivai ho^oo
Opaaijs, evyXcoTTos, ToKjxrjpos, trrjs, 445
^heXvpos, \j/evb&v (TvyKoXXrjTris,
€Vpr](Tt€TTri9, TT€piTpilJl.p.a bLK&V,
kvpIBls, KpoTaXov, Ktvahos, rpvixTj,
fxaa-QXris, eXpcov, yXoios, aka^iav,
KevTpcov, p.iap6s, a-rpocpis, apyaXeos, 450
IxaTioXoi^os.
TavT el fxe Ka\ov(T aTravT&vTes,
hpcUvTUiv dre)(y(3? o rt yjyri^ovai.v'
Ket fioiXovTai,
vr] Ti]v A7]ixr]Tp Ik [xov x^P^V^ 455
rot? (ppovTLCTTaLS TTapaOivTuiv. ^ »
XOP. XrjpLa p.ev Tiapecm rwSe y
OVK aTokpiov, dAA.' eroip-ov. tcrOi 8' w?
Tavra p-aOotiv Trap' ejuoC kXsos ovpav6pi.r]K€S
iv ^poTolcTLv efet?. 460
2TP. Ti 'neicrop.ai ; XOP. tov iravTa xpovov juer e/xoG
^y]X(aT6TaTov ^Lov avOpcaTTCov 8td£ets.
2. 1 r. apa ye tovt ap eyoi ttot 465
6-^op.ai ; XOP. ojcrre ye crou ttoWov? kiil Toicri
6vpa(.s ael Ka9rj(r9ai,
l3ovXop.€vovs avaKOivovaOai re koI is Xoyov eX-
Oelv, 470
irpdypiaTa KavTLypa(f)as TToXX^av TaXavTOiv,
a^ta ai] (jypevl, avp-^BovXivaroixevovs p-eTO. aov. 475
2Z NE<|)EAAI.
dAA' eyxeipet rbv TrpecrlSvTriv o tl Trep jueXXet? irpo-
Kol Sto/ctyei Tov vovv avTov, koX Tijs yvdijxrjs ano-
Tretpco.
212. aye h], KdretTri p.ot crv tov cravTov rpoirov,
Xv avTov eiSwj oort? eori p.r\yja.vas
ijbrj '73-4 TOVTOLS TTpbs cre KaivasMrpo(T<i)ip(ii. 480
STP. tL be ; retx.o/xa)(ety juot biavoel, TTpbs t5>v 6ea>v ;
2^. oijK, aWa ^payia crov TivdiaQai ^ovkop.au
^ pLvrjixovLKOs et ; 2TP. bvo Tpoirco vi] Tbv ACa'
7]v fxev yap oc^etArjrat ri jxol, ixvijixoov TrdvV
eav 8' 6(f)e[koi (r)(eVAt09, iTnXj]crpL(t)v ttclvv. 485
2i2. eVecrrt Sjjra crot \eyeiv ev Trj (pvaei, ;
2TP. Xeyeiv p.ev ovk evea-T, d-noa-Tepelv 8' eyi, ,- '^ '
2X2. TTws oSy ovy?}cret p.av6dveiv ; 2TP. d/xl^et, KaAcSs.
2X2. aye i^uy otto)?, orai' rt 7r/3o/3aA.a)ju,at (ro(f)bv
TTcpl tQ>v [j.€Te(iop(i)v, ev6eu>s v(})apTTdcr€L. 490
2TP. r^ Sat ; Kvvrjbbv ti]v (rocpiav cnTr\(Top.ai ;
212. avOpooTTOS dpLaOijs ovtoctI Kal ^dpjBapos,
beboLKd a, Si Trpea-^VTa, ju?; TrX-qy&v 8eet.
</)e'p' tbu), TL bpas, i}v TLs (re tvtttjj ; 2TP. rviTTopai,
eTieiT e7ri(r)(wy okiyov eTnp.apTvpop.aL, 495
eLT avdLS OLKaprj biaXLiroiv bLKd^op.aL.
2X2. 16 L vvv, KaTddov 6olp.dTLOv. 2TP. rjbU-qKd tl ;
2X2. OVK, oKXa yvp.vovs ela-LevaL vopLL^eTat.
2TP. dk)C ov)(l <()Oi}pdao)v eyoiy el(rep)(op.aL.
2X2. naTdOov. tC kr^pels ; 2TP. elire bi] vvv p.OL TohL
r\v eTTLpLekrjs S) /cat Trpodvp.u>s p.av6dv(o, 501
TO) Tcav p.aOr]TG)v ^p.(fiepi]S yevrjo-opiaL ;
2X2. ovbev StotVets Xatpe^&)^'^os ttji^ 0vmy.
2TP. otjuot KaKobaipcov, iipLOin)S yevipTop.aL.
2X2. ov p.?; AaA?;(rets, dAA' aKoAou^r/creis e/-iol 505
NE<I)EAAI. 23
avv(ras Ti hevpl Oclttov. 2TP. e? rw x^eTpe wv
60s /xoi fxeXtroCrray Trporepov' ws biboLic eyw
eio-ft) KaTaj3aLV(x)V uxrirep els Tpocfiajviov.
XOP. dAA' t^t \aipMv rijs avbpeias 510
elVe/ca Tavrrfs.
evTv\La yevoLTO tolv-
6pU)7TW, OTL Trp01]KU)V
is jSadv Ti]s rjXcKias,
vecoTepoLS Tr}V (fyvcriv av— 515
Tov 'np6.yp.a(Tt.v xpoort^erat
Kot (ro(f)Lav eTracTKet.
(o OecojxevoL, Karepco TTpbs vp.as eXevOepcos
TaXTjOfj, VT] TOV Aiovvarov TOV iKOpi-^avTu p.e.
ovTOi viKrjcratiJLL t eyo) Koi yo/x6^oi/i7jy cro({)6s, 520
d)S vixas i]yovp.evos elvai dearas be^LOVS
Kol TavT-qv (TO(p(OTaT e^eiv Ttav e/xwy K(0[X(abL(ov,
TTp<aTovs ri^iuxr avayevcr vp.as, t) irapia^e p.01
epyov TtXei&Tov' eir ave^capovv vtt avbpStv (})opTiK(av
7)TTr]9€iS, ovk' a^cos Siv' TavT ovv vpHv ix,ip.(l)oiiai 525
rots (ro(^ots, S>v ely^K eyw TavT iTrpayp.aTev6fx->]v.
dAA' ovb^ ws vp&v TTO^' cKcby Trpobcacro} tovs be^Lovs.
e£ orou yap ivOdb' vir' avbpGiv, ols r]bv kol Xiyeiv,
6 acoippojv T€ x,<^ KaTaTTVycov apia-T rjKova-aTrjv,
Kayd, TrapOevos yap eV rjv, kovk e^rjv nca pot T^Keiv,
e^edrjKd, Trals 8' ^Tepa tls Aa/3oCo-' aveikeTo, 531
vpels 8' e^edpe-<p-aTe yevvaiois KaTtaib ever are'
€K. TOTihov fxoi TTtara Trap' vp.(av yvu>p.rjs ecrO' opKca.
vvv ovv ■'HAe/crpay kut eKeivqv -qb' t] KiopLcobta
^Tjroucr' Tjkd^, i]v itov 'ttltv^J} OeaTals ovtco cro(f)ols' 535
yvdocreTat' yap, ijvTrep tbrj, TabeXfpov tov ^oarpvyjav.
ws 8e a-(o(f)p(i)v ecrrl (pvcreL a-Kexj/aa-O' ' ijns TrpStra /xey
34 NE4>EAAI.
0^8' i(TK(xi'^e Tovs (paXaKpovs, ovb^ Kopba^ etX-
Kvcrev, 540
ovbe 'np€<j(ivTr]<s 6 Xiyoiv tuttt] rfj ^aKTvipia
TV7TT€L TOV TTapOVT , OLCpaVl^OiV TTOVrjpa (TK<ii}XliaTa,
ovt) darfi^e hahas e'xoucr', ovS' lov lov (3oa,
dAA' avTrj koI toIs eTrecrtz; TncrTevovcr eXtjkvdev.
Kayc!) fX€V toiovtos avrjp &>v TTOirjTi^s ov Kop.5), 545
ovh^ V[ia9 C^ro) ^^airarav 8t9 koL Tph ravT daayutv,
aXA' ael Kaivas Ib^as €l(T(f)ep(ov o-0(^iXo/^at,
ovbev aXXriXatcTLV op-oias kol Trdcras 8e^tas*
OS p-iyicTTOv ovra KXecov eTraio-' els ti]v yacmpa,
KOVK irokprjcr avOcs CTTepTTrjbrjcr avT^ K€ip(V(o. 550
ovTOL 8', &)? aira^ napihcitKev Xa^i]v T7rep/3oAo?,
rovTov beiXaiov KoXerpQcr ael koI rrjy prjTepa.
'EvttoXls p.ev rbv MaptKav TrpcaTLcrTov TrapeiXKVcrev
kK(TTpey\ras tovs ijperepovs ^IiTTreas KttKos kokw?,
Ttpoa-Oels avT(^ ypavv peOvcrrjv tov KopbaKos etvex, tjv
^pvvLXOS TTaXaL TTeiTOtrjx, rjv to kyjtos ijcrOcev. 556
eld^ "EppLTTTTOs avdis eTToirjcrev els '^TireplSoXov,
aXXoL T ijbri TravTes epeibovaiv els 'T-nep^oXov,
Tas elKOVs tG>v eyx^eXecov Tas epas pipovpevoi.
ocTTis ovv TOVTOKTi yeXa, toIs ep.ols pi] \aLpeTU)' 560
Tjv 8' ep.ol Kol TolcTLv kpols ev^paivr](T0' evpr]p.a(nv,
es Tas oopas Tas erepas ev (ppovelv 8oKrj(rere.
v\}npebovTa p.ev 6ewv
Zrjva Tvpavvov es \opov
irpwra peyav klkXi](tk(i>' 565
TOV re p-eyacrOevri Tpiaivr]s Tapiav,
yijs Te Kal aXp.vpas daXdara-qs aypiov poxXevT/]v'
Kal peyaX<ovvpov rjpeTepov TraTep",
AlOepa crepvoTaTov, jStoOpeppova iravTOiV' 570
TOV d' llTTTOvdopaV, OS VTT€p-
NE^EAAI. 25
XAfXTTpOlS CLKTlcnV Kavi^^i,
yrjs irebov, jxiya's Iv Oeois
€v dvriToicri re Sat/xooy.
0) (TOcfxoTaToi. Oearat, bevpo tov vovv 7rpocre)(ere.
rihiKTiixivai yap vjjuv p.ep.<p6pi€(r6^ ivavrCov' 576
TrAetora yap O^iav aixavToov (licpeXova-aLS T7]v ttoXiv,
haipLOvoav rijuv fxovais ov Over ovh\ (nrivoeTe,
atrives Trjpovpiev vp,as. rjv yap 17 ns e^obos
[xribevl ^vv v<a, tot rj /3povT(o[xev 7] ■\}/aKaCop,€v. 580
eira tov deolcnv €-)(6pov ^vpcrohi^Tqv YlatfiXayova
V^^X VP^'i^f^de CTTpaT-qyov, tcls 6(f)pvs avvriyoix^v
KaTroLovp,ev beivd' jSpovT-q 8' kppay-q hC aarTpairrrs'
77 (r€ki]vr] 6' e^e'AeiTre to,? ohovs' 6 b' ^'Atos-.* 171^" ~!!H -
Trjv dpvaXXib^ ei? kavTov evdecos £weA.KV(ra? 585
ov (jiavdv e(})a(rKev vpXv, d (TTpaTriyrjo-et KXecoy.
dAA' OHMS dkecrOe tovt.ov. (paa-l yap bva-fiovXiav
Trjbe Trj irokei Trpoa-elvai, TavTa p.evT0L tovs Oeovs
aTT av vpeis €^a}xap~r]T , eTrt to jBikTiov Tp€Tretv.
ws 8e Kal tovto ^vvoiaei pabCcos bibd^ofxev. 590
rjv KXecdva tov kdpov boigcov eXovTes Kal KXoTtrjs,
(LTa (f)Lp.(a(Tr]T€ tovtov t(2 ^vXip TOV avx^va,
avdis is Tapxalov vpXv, d tl Kci^rifjidpTeTe,
€TTt TO ^^Xtiov to TTpayfxa Trj ttoX^l avvoia-^Tai.
^ap(^i juot avT€, ^ol^"" dva^ 595
A-qXie, Kvv9[av ^x.^v
vyf/iKepaTa TriTpav' ^^ C^Jir^-y . - -^to' w<l- .
^ r 'E^ecrou p.dKaipa Trdyxpvcrov ex^'?
oTkov, iv w KopaL ere Avboiv p-eydXcos a-^^ovcnv' 600
i] T eiTi-yjiapios r]p.eTepa Oeos,
alyibos rjvioxos, ttoXiovxos ^Addva'
Uapvaa-Lav 0^ bs KaTi^j^v
-niTpav (Tvv 7T€VKats creAayei
a6 NE<I>EAAI.
BaK^aty AeA(^icrty e/xTrpeTTcoy, 605
Ka)//,acrr^? AtoVucro?.
771'tX^' ^/xety hevp' a({)opiJ.a(r6ab iraj}€crKev&(rix€6a,
ri SeA^yrj avvrvx^ovcr rjfuv eTreoretXey ^pacrai,
TTpwTa fx^v ^aipeiv ^Adrjvaiotcri, koI vols ^vp-pLCLXois.
elra Ovixaiveiv ^(pacrKe' betva yap TrniovO^vai, 610
u>(f)eXov(r v\xas anavras, ov Xoyois, dAA' efxcpav&s.
TTpSiTa \xkvTov pLTjvos els 8a8' ovk eXarrov r] hpayjiriv,
wore KoX Aeyety cmavTas i^tovras kcrirepas,
jXT] TTplri, TTOL, 658', iirecbrj ^w? 2eArjz;at7]? naXov.
^^^ oXAa r eu 6pai; (^rjcrti', v/xas 8' ovk ayeiy ra?
rjixepas 615
ovSey op^cS?, dXA' ayoj re koL kcltu) KvboLboiTav'
uxJT aireLXelv (f)i](nv avrfj tovs Oeovs CKaa-TOTe
tivIk av ^evaOGxTL beiTTVov, KaTTLUxrLV oiKabe,
Trjs kopTrjs jj-r} Tvx^ovres Kara Koyov t5>v r]p.€pSiv.
Kqd^ oTav dveiv berj, <TTpej3kovTe kol 8tKd^ere' 620
TtokkaKis 8' r//x(3y ayovroyv tQiv OeSiv aTiaa-Tiav,
TjVLK av TTevOcopiev t] tov Mejjivov ^ "^ap-nribova,
(TTrivbed' vfxels Kal yeAar* avd^ wv Aax^wy 'TTrep^oAos
Trjres Upop-vrjixovelv, KaTretQ^ vcpi' rjjxuiv tG>v de&v
TOV (TTe(f)avov a(pr\piQri' jxaXXov yap ovtcos eto-erat 625
Kara (r€ki]vr]v o)s ayuv xpy] tov (3Cov Tas ?//j(.epas.
2f2KPATH2. 2TPE*IAAHS. X0P02.
212. jjM -njv ^ AvaTTVoi]v, p-a to Kaos, p.a tov 'Aepa,
ovk 'elbov ovTOis avbp aypoiKOv ovbeva
ovb' aiTopov ovbe (TKaiov ovb' k'nikT](Tp.ova'
oaTis a-KaXadvpp.aTi arra p.LKpa p.avddv()iv, 630
TavT k-nikikriaTai irplv paOelv' opcos ye iJ.riv
avTov KoAw dvpaCi bevpl irpos to 0ci)S.
NE(|)EAAr. 27
TTOV 2rpev/fia8rj9 ; e^ei top a(TKavTr]v Xa/Swy.
2TP. dAA' ov/c eaicrt /a' e^eveyKelv ol Kopet?.
2;il. di'ycras' rt KaTadov, koI irpoVex^e rof i^oui;.
2TP. Ibov. 635
212. aye 8?;, rt jSovXei, TxpStTa vvvX jxavOaveiv
&v ovK ebLbd^drjs ttohtot ovbtv ; etTre jjloi.
TTOTepov Trepi [lirpoov rj pvdfxQv 7] Trept iir&v ; - v^^-\'\^--
2TP. Trept rwy [xirpow ^yu>y' evay^os yap ttot€
vtt' aX(f)LTapoLl3ov irapeKOTTrjv 'bLxotviK(a. 640
212. ov TovT ip(x)T(ii cr, dAA' o rt KaAAttrroy p^erpov
riyel' iroTepov to rpip^Tpov i] to TeTpap-erpov ;
2TP. lyo) p,ei; oiSey TtpoTepov rjpuKTiov.
2X2. ov8ey Ae'yei?, ajvOpcoire. 2TP. TreptSou yuy ep,oi,
ei /x?) TerpdpeTpov ea-Ttv rjp,L€KT4ov. 645
212. ts KopaKas, o)? dypoiKOS et Kat SiKr/xa^?;?.
rax^ y' ar Swato p.av6dv€tv Trept pv6pS)v.
2TP. rt 5e /x b)(f)eki](Tovcr ol pvOpol irpos TakcfuTa ;
2X2. TtpSiTov p.\v elvat Kopyj/bv ey crvvova-ia,
iira'Covd' ottoIos Ictti tS>v pvOpdv 650
KaT kvoirXiov, "yiiirolos av Kara boLKTvXov.
2TP. KaTa baKTvXov ; 212. vi] tov At". 2TP. dAA' ot8'.
2X2. etTre h].
2TP. rts aAAo? dyri tovtovX tov baKTvXov ;
Ttpo TOV /xey, It: iuov iraibbs ovtos, ovtoctl. cA-tvir-fU
2X2, dypelos et Kat crKato?. 2TP. ov yap, (^C^pt, 655
TovTiov kinOvpCi p.av6dv^LV ovbiv. 2X2. rt Sat ;
2TP. €Kelv eKetyo, tov dbiKcaTaTov koyov-
2X2. dAA erepa 8et ere TpoTepa tovtcov p.av9dv€LV,
T&v T£TpaTi6bo)v aTT ecrrly opOo^s dpp^va,
2TP. dAX' 018' €yu>ye Tapp^v , d pi] paLvopai' 660
KpLos, Tpdyos, Tavpos, kvoov, ak^KTpviov.
2X2. opas o Trdo-x^ets ; r^y re ^^Aetav KoAets
28 NE4>EAAI.
aXeKTpvova Kara ravro /cat tov appeva.
21TP. TTcSs brj ; (f)ip€. 212. ttms ; aksKTpvoiv KaXeKTpvcov.
2TP. vi] TOV ITocretS&j. vvv 8e ttQs /xe xph ko-^^^v ; 665
2n. ak^KTp-vaivav, tov 8' €Tepov oXiKTopa.
2TP. okeKTpvaivav ; eS ye i^t) roy 'Aepa'
wot' ciyrt rovrou roC 8t8ay/>iaro? pLOvov
btaXcpLTuxro) (tov KVKXid T-t]V Kapboirov.
212. iSoi; fiaA.' aS^ts rou^' cTepov. T7]v Kapboirov 670
appeva KoAets, d-^Xeiav ovcrav. 2TP. rw Tpoirca
appeva KaA.c3 'yw Kapborrov ; 2X2. /xaAicrra ye,
uxnrep ye Kal KAewi'Dju.oi'. 2TP. ttw? 8rj ; (ppdcrov.
2X2. TavTov hvvaTai aoL napboTTOs Kke(i>vvp.(o.
2TP. aAA', cbyd^'j oiiS' 7/z; Kapboiros KAeooyv/xw, 675
dAA' ey Qveia a-Tpoyyvkr] y avep^oxTeTO.
OXap TO KOLTTOV 17(05 pi€ XPV KO'Xelv ; 2X2. OTTO)? ;
Tr}v KapboTTrjv, uxnrep KaAets tyjv "ScaarpdTrjv.
2TP. TTjv Kapbo-mqv Oi^Xetav ; 2X2. dp9u>5 yap Ae'yet?.
2TP. eKelvo 8' 'qv dv, Kapbo-nr], KAecoi/w/xrj. 680
2X2. eVt 87; ye Trept twi; ovop-aTUiv pt-aOelv ere 8er,
. arr appev €(ttlv, arra avT(i)v OrjAea.
2TP. aAA' 018' eyoiy a 07jAe' kcrTiv. 2X2. eiTre 8?j.
2TP. A{)(nXKa, ^iXivva, KAetrayo'pa, A7]p.r}TpLa.
2X2. appeva be irola tuiv 6vop.dTu>v ; 2TP. p.vpia. 685
<I>tAo'^e2/'09, MeA?](ria9, 'Ajiiuz;ta?.
2X2. aAA', d) itovrjpe, TavTa y eaT ovk appeva.
2TP. OVK dppev vpHv eorty ; 2X2. ovbapLCds y , enei
TTw? h.v KaXi(Teia<s evTvyJjiv 'Ap.vvLq ;
2TP. 077(0? dv ; o>bi, bevpo bevp\ 'A/xuyta. 690
2X2. opqs ; yvvaiKa Tr]v Ap-vviav KaAeTs.
2TP. ovKovv 8iKata)9 iJTts ov crTpaTeveTai ;
aTap TL Tav6^ a irdvTes Xa-p.ev pavOdvio ,*
2X2. ovbev p.a At', dAAa Kara/cAtret? 8eupt — 2TP. rt 8pw;
NE<I>EAAI. 29
212. €K(J)p6vTLcr6v Tt Tu>v /creavTov irpayixaTOiv. 695
2TP. /x?) 8?;^', iKerevco, ^vravOa y' akk' etTrep ye XP^/'
Xaixai [x eacrov avra ravT €K(f)povTL(raL.
212. ovK ecTTL TTapa ravT akXa. 2TP. KaKobaiixcov eyw,
olav hiKr]v toIs Kopecn buxroi TrijxepoV' 699
XOP. (fipovTL^e 87) Koi htdOpei, iravra rpoirov re cravrov
(TTpo^ii TTVKvdoa-as'
Toxys 8', oTav et? airopov iricn]?,
kiT aXKo nrjha
vorjpia (ppevos' vttvos anicrra) yXvuvOvnos op.-
piaT(X)v. 705
2TP. aTTaral aTTarai.
XOP. TL Trdaxets ; rt Kapven ;
2TP. aTToXkyp-aL 8eiAatos' Ik tov (rKt/x7ro8os
bcLKvovaL /x' e^epiTOvres ol Kop[v0LO(,, 710
Kat ra? irkevpas bapbdiTTovcrLv i-
Kat Ti]v \lfV)(i]v ^Kirivovcnv,
KttL p! cnrokovcnv. 715
XOP. p.!] vvv /3a/3e'cos ctAyet A.tay.
2TP. KoX TTw? ; ore /xou
(j)povba TO. \pr]p.aTa, (f)povbr] -x^poidi,
<f)povbr] \j/V)(i], (f}povbri 8' ep.^ds'
Koi irpbs TovTois irt. rotcrt kokoTs 720
(f)povpds abcov
okiyov (ppovbos yeyivrjpai.
2i2. ovTos, H Ttoieis ; ov)(l (ppovTi^eis ; 2TP. eyw ;
vi] TOV rToo-etSw. 212. Kat rt 8?yr' ecfipovnaa^ ;
2TP. VTTO T&v 'Kopeoiv et piov tl ■7T€pLkeL(pdi]cr€Tai. 725
212. aTToAet KaKtcrr . 2TP. dAA.', S}ydd\ aTToAcoA.' dprtoos.
2i2. ou pLakOaKLo-Te' , dkka ireptKakvirria.
e^evp^T^os yap vovs aTroo-repTjrtKos
KaTTaiokrjix. 2TP. otjutot, ris dy 87)r' ^TnjSdkoi
30 NE(i)EAAl.
If apvaKiboov yvcafxrjv aTToa-TeprjTpiba ; 730
2i2. </)epe vvv, adprjcro) 'npG>Tov, 6 tl bpa, tovtovi.
ovTos, KaOevbets ; 2)TP. fxa rbv 'AttoAXco 'yw jxev ov.
212. e^ets Tt ; 2TP. /;ia Ai" ov bi]T eyoi-y. 212. ov-
8ey TTCLvv ;
OVK cyKaXv^dpicvos Tax^(^s Tt (jipovnel^ ; 735
2TP. Trept roO ; o-v yap juot roSro cfypdcrov, S) 2&)Kpares.
212. a{/ro9 o ri jSovkei, Trp&Tos k^^vpoiv kiyi.
2TP. aK77/coa? /xuptaKt? ayo) jSovX-opiai.,
irepl Tu>v TOKCOv, ottms hv dirobco fxr]hev(.
212. XOl vvv, KaXvTTTOv Kol (r)(^d(ras ti]v (ppovTiba 740
X€TTT7]v Kara fxtKpbv T7€pi(pp6v€t TO, TTpdyjxaTa,
opOoos hiaipGiv KoX (TKOTr&v. 2TP. otp.01 rdXas.
212. ex dTpefxa' Kav airopfjs rt rcav vorjixdroiv,
dcfiels direXOc Kara ti]v yvcaixrjv irdXiv
KLvrjo-ov avOis avrb Kol ^vyu)9picrov' 745
2TP. S) licoKpaTibcov (fyiXraToV' 212. tl, S) yepov ;
2TP. ex<^ TOKOV yv(i>iir]v aTToa-TeprjTtKriv.
212. eTTtbei^ov avTriv. 2TP. etVe br} vvv [loi — 212. to H ;
2TP. yvvalna (papixaKib^ et Tiptdjxevos QerraXriv,
KaOiXotfJii vvKT(op Trjv (reXrjvrjv, eira b-q 750
avT-qv KaOeCp^atjji es Ao^eioy crTpoyyvXov, ^'v v JvL
uxTirep KdroTTTpov, Kara T-i]po[i]v €X(^v,
212. Ti brjTa TovT hv bxpeXi'ia-eUv a ; 2TP. o tl ;
d ix-qKiT dvaT^XXoL creXrivr] fxrjbafJLOV, j
OVK av aTtoboirjv tovs tokovs. 212. ort^ tl Stj ; 755
2TP. oTiT] Kara [XTJva TapyvpLOv baveCC^raL.
212. eu y' aXA' erepov av aoL 7rpo/3aA(3 tl be^LOV, I
et (TOt ypd(f)OLTo irevTeTdXavTos tls bCKf], 1
oTTcos ay avT->]v d(f)avi(T€Las eliri fxoL, I
2TP. oTToo? ; oTTws ; ovk oi8'* drap (r]TriTiov. 760 f
212. p,?/ I'uy Trept cravTov elXXe ti]v yv(oixr]v aeC,
NE(I>EAAI. 31
dAX' aiTOxa^o. ti]v (ppovrlb^ els tov aipa,
XivobeTov u)cnT€p iX7]XoX6v6r]V tov ttoSos*
2TP. €vpr]K a(j)dvi(nv ttjs biKrjs (rocj)(OTdTriv,
axTT avTov opioXoyelv cr kjxoi. 212. TTotav nva ;
2TP. i]bi] TTapa Tolcn (papixaKOiTfoXats ttjv XiOov 766
Tavrrjv kopaKas, ttjv koKtiv, ttjv bta(f)avrj,
dcj)' rjs TO TTvp aiTTovcn ; 212. ttjv vaXov A.eyet? ;
2TP. cycaye. (t)^p€, tC brJT av, et TavTrjv \a[3(av,
OTTOTC ypd^oiTo Ti]v biK-qv 6 ypaiJ.ij.aTevs, 77°
aTTcorepo) (ttcls <38e Trpbs tov rjkiov
TCL ypd[xixaT eKTrj^aLpit T7]S e/XTys 8t/c?]? ;
212. croc/xSs ye vrj Tas l^dptTas. 2TP. otju.' o)? i^'So/xat
OTL TTevT€TdkavTos b iayiypaTTTcd fioc 81K17. iji^^i-^a^^'^^^*'^-
212. aye br] Tax^(>^^ tovtI ^vvdpiracrov- 2TP. to ri ; 775
212. oTTcos d'no(TTpe-^ais av dvTcbiK&v bUrjv,
[xiXXcov o(pky\(Teiv, p-i] TTapovrcov fxaprvpcav.
2TP. (jiavXoTaTa Kal paa-T . 212. elire br]. 2TP. Ka\ bi]
Aeyo).
il Trpoo-dev ert /iia? ivecrTcocrrjs biKrjs,
TTplv Ti]v €fX'i]v KaXa.(TO\ aTTay^aiixrjv Tpe\(ov. 7S0
212. ovbev Aeyets. 2TP. vi] tovs deovs eyuiy, eTrei
ovbels KaT kjxov TeOve&Tos ela-d^et bl,Kr\v.
212. vOXels' dttepp , ovK av biba^aijj.r\v a ert.
2TP. OTLT] TL ; val Trpbs t&v 6eG>v, S» 2c«)Kpares.
212. dAA' ev6vs kitiXriOei av y cltt av Kal [xdOrjs' 785
eTTel Ti vvv br] ttpSiTov kbibdyOr]^ ; Aeye.
2TP. <^ep lb(i>, TL ]X€VTOl TTpQiTOV TTjV / Ti TTpiOTOV rjV ,*
rts 7/1' iv fj ]jLaTT6jj.e6a jxivTOL TaX(ptTa ;
oi]ioi, ri9 ■^v ; 212. ovk is KopaKas diroipOepe'i,
€TnXr](rjji6TaTov Kal crKaiOTaTov yepovTiov ; 790
2TP. oXjJLOL, TL ovv brjd^ 6 KaKobai]X(av TreicrofxaL ;
d-no yap oAou/xat [j.i] jxaO(3)v yXcoTToaTpocpe'Lv.
32 NE<|)EAAI.
dXA.', S Ne^eAat, \pr](rT6v tl (TVix^ovkevcraTe.
XOP. 77/xet? /xei', £» TTpea-jBvTa, (rvixj3ov\evoixiv,
et 0-06 n? uto's kcTTLV kKT^dpayniivos, 795
TTe/xTrety eKelvov avrl (ravTov [xavdaveiv.
2)TP. aAA.' eW ^ixoty vlbs KaXos re Kayados'
'r aAA.' ovk edeXei yap pi.av9aveLV, tl eyw -Tva^co ;
XOP. (TV §' iinTpiTTeis ; 2TP. eva-MixaTel yap Kal cr^piya,
KacTT eK yuz;atKcoi' eviTTepcov tS>v Koio-y/aas'. 800
drap p.iTeip.i y avrov' i]v 8e ju?) Oekrj,
ovK eorO^ oi:(i)S ovk l^eAcS 'k ttJs otKtas.
dXA.' kTiavap-eivov ju,' okiyov eia-ekdcav xpovov.
XOP. ap' alcrOdvei. irkelcrTa 8t' ^/xas dyd^' avTi)^ e'^wv 805
[xovas Oei^v ; w?
eroi/xo? 08' loTty airavTa bpav
OCT av KekevrjS'
ah 8' avbpbs e.Km-nkriyp.ivov Kai (pavepZs e7r?7p-
[livov 810
yj;ov? airokdyf/eis, o tl TrkelcrTov hvvaaaL,
ra^ecos* (pLkel yap ttcos ra TotaC^' erepa rpeireo-^at.
2TPE*IAAH2. <J^EIAinniAH2. 2aKPATH2.
XOPOS.
2TP. owot ju.a rr/y 'Op,L)(kr}v er eiTaf^oi jxeveis'
dAA' eV^t' €kdci)v Tov<} MeyaKkeovs Kiovas- 815
<i>EI. S haip.6vLe, tl \pr\p.a Trdo^ei?, w Trdrep ;
oii/c eS (})pov€LS /xa roy Aia roy 'OAvjUTrtoy.
2TP. 180V y' t8ou At' 'OkvpLTTLOv' Ti]s p-oypCas'
TO Aia vop.[^etv, ovTa TrjkkKovrovL.
<I^EI. ri 8e TOVT eyeAacras ereo'y ; STP. evOvixovpiCVOS
OTL iraibapLov et Kal (^povil'i dpyauKd. 821
1
',Ai-^ ••^Si
NE^EAAI. 33
ojuoos ye ixrjv TT/JocreA^', ly' elbfjs irXeiova, OX- *">• - ■^-
KM (TOL (})pd(roi TL TTpayix o jxadwv avrjp ecrei.
oiTcos 8e TovTo ju,?) bibd^eis fxr\hiva.
<J>EI. Ihov' tC ecrrty ; STP. ^jjiocras vvv hi] Ata. 825
<I>EI. eya)y'. 2TP. opas oSz; ojs dyaOov to [xavddveiv ;
OVK ia-TLV, S ^eLbiTTTTibri, Z^vi. <I>EI. aAAa rtj ;
2TP. Ati/o? ^aa-iXevei, tov At' i^cXrjkaKCin.
4>EI. al^ol, TL ATjpets ; 2TP. to-^t roSS' oi^Vw? f'xo^'*
<I>EI. Tts ^Tjcrt TavTa ; 2TP. 2,MKpdTr]s 6 Mi]\los 830
Kat Xatpe^wy, b? ot§c ra \f/vW(av t)(^vrj,
<i>EI. cry 8' eis roo-oSroy rwv [xavcuiv eki'ikvdas
U)(TT avhpd(nv TreiOet x^^^^'-^ > 2TP. ^vo-T6pL€l,,^J\J^^^
KoL jLijjSey eiT?;? (f)\avpov avbpas be^iovs
Koi vovv e^ovTas' c5y •yTro r?/s ^etScoAtay 835
ciTTeKeipaT ovbels TTWTror' oi^S' rjkeL\^aTo
ovb ei? fiaXave'iov ■^Xde Xovcropievos' (tv be
wcnrep TeOve&Tos KaTakoet pov tov (3lov.
akX. ois ra)(t(rr' eXOcbv VTrep ep.ov p-dvOave.
<I>EI. rt 8' av Trap' eKeCvcov Kal pddot. xprjcrTov Tis dv ; S40
2TP. dXrjOes ; oa-a-nep icTT kv dvOpcoiTOLS (xotpd'
yvcocreL be cravTov w? dpadijs ei koI Taayvs.
dkX eTTavdpeivov p.' oXiyov evTavdoZ \p6vov.
4>EI. oXp.OL, TL bpd(TOi 7Tapacf)p0V0VVT0S TOV TTUTpOS ;
TTOTepov irapavoias avTov elaayaycov eXco, S45
7] TOLS (ro poTTr]yoLS Ti]v p-aviav avTov (ppaaay ;
2TP. 0ep' tSo), (TV Tovrovl tl vopi^eis ; elire p.OL.
<I>EI. dXiKTpvova. 2TP. KaXaj? ye. TavTi-jvl be tl ;
<pEI. dXeKTpvov . 2TP. dpcjico tuvto ; KaTayeXacrTos et.
p.y] vvv TO XoLTToVy dXXa Tijvhe p,ev KaXelv 850
aXeKTpvaLvav, tovtovI b' dX^KTopa,
4>EI. dXeKTpvaLvav ; TavT epaOes tu be^Lo.
ela-ca irapeXOcav upTL iiapd tov's yi]yevels ;
D
34 NEcI)EAAI.
2TP. yarepa ye tt6X)C' dAA.' o rt [ladoLix kK&aroTC,
€'iTekav9av6ix)]v av evOvs virb 'iTXi]dov9 eraij;. 855
4>ET. 8(.a TavTa bi] Kol OoIixcltlov aircoX^o-as ;
STP. ak)C ovK aTToXwAe/c', aXka KaraireippovTiKa.
<t>EI. ras 8' cfJLJBdbas ttoI ri-rpcK^s, SjvorjTe av ; - , l ,; ^
22TP. uxTircp ITeptKAeT]? et? ro Seoy aircokea-a.
dAA' t^t, ^dStC, tco/xey etra tw Trarpl 860
iretOoixevos e^ajj-apTe' Kay(a roi TTore
otb' 'e^eret (rot rpavXiaavTi irtOoixevos'
bv TipGtTov 6(3okbv ika^ov 'HA-taort/cdy,
TOVTOV ^Ttpidixrjv (TOL Aiaa-LOLS ap.a^iba.
<I>EI. 7] pniv (TV TovTois T(5 XP^^^ '^^''^ a)(6i.(Tei. 865
2TP. eS 7', ort kirdcrO-qi. bevpo bevp', Si ^U)KpaT€S,
e^eA^'* dyo) ydp croi Toy vlbv tovtovC,
CLKovT dvairda-as. 2X2. vq-nvTios ydp ear' ert,
Kttt rwy Kpefxadpoiv ov Tpt(3u)V tS>v evOabe.
4>EI. awo? Tpi(3(t)v dTjs dv, d Kpip-aio ye. 870
2TP. OVK es KopaKas ; Karapa crv tw StSacrKaXo) ;
212. 180W Kpiiiai, 0)9 i]ki6Lov ecfyOey^aro
Kol Tolcri x^iKecTLv bi^ppvvjKocnv.
TTUtS av jxdOoL TTod^ 0VT09 dlTOCfyeV^LV StKTJJ
ri kXtjctlv Tj \a vvouT LV dvaireia-Tripiav ; 875
KaiTOi ye rakdvTov tovt €[xad€v 'Tir^p^oXos.
2TP. d/xe'Aet, bibaaKe' 6vpi6(To4)6s ecrrty 0i;(ref
ei^v? ye' rot TratSdptoi; ov tvvvovtovI
e-nXaTTev evbov olnias vavs t 'iykas^ev,
apia^tbas re (TKVTLvas elpyd^ero, 880
KUK tGjv (Tibicov ^arpdyovs eirotet -ttws 8oKets.
OTTO)? 8' €K€Lvoi TO) Xoyoi /xa0?;creTai,
TOV KpeLTTOV, UOrTLS €(TTL, Kol rbv l]TTOVa,
0? TobiKa Xiyiav dvarpiireL rbv KpdrTova'
kav 8e pj, rbv yovv ubmov Trdcrri rexyr}. 885
m
NE<I>EAAI. ^^
S12. avTOS fiaOrjcreTai Trap* avTolv tolv Xoyoiv.
eyo) 8' a7ret/xt. ETP. tovto vvv \ii[ivr\cr, oiruts
irpbs TiavTa to. bUaC avrikeyeiv bvvriareTaL.
X0P02.
AIKAI02 AOrOS. AAIK02 AOrOS. X0P02.
AIK. X^P^'' ^fi'pij bel^ov cravTov
TolcTi O^araZs, Kaiirep Opaavs &v. 890
AA. X9' OTTOL xPllC^i-S' TToXv yap /xaXAoy (t
kv Tols TToAAoicri Xeyutv airoXu).
AIK. airoXels crv ; ris wy ; AA. Xoyos. AIK. i]TTO}v y &v.
AA. dAAa ere vikS>, tov 6/xoO KpetVrco
(f)d(TKOVT elvat. AIK. ri aoipbv iioiSiv ; 895
AA. yi'co/.ta ? Kaivas c^evpCcTKCov.
AIK. raSra yap ai'^ei 8ta rourotxrt
Toi)? di'07jrous'.
AA. ovK, dAAa aocpovs. AIK. aTroAw o-e KaKws.
AA. etTre, rt ttolQv ; AIK. ra hiKaia Ae'ycoi;. 900
AA. dAA' avaTpixfrd) y avT avrtXiycav'
ovbe yap clvai, Trdvv (prjpu hLKt^v.
AIK. OVK. €Lvai (})fis ; AA. ^epe yap, ttov ^(ttlv ;
AIK. TTapa rolai deols.
AA. TTWS' 8r/ra Si/ctj? ov(rrjs ^ Zeii? "^
oii/c d7ToAa)Aez; rov Trarep' awroS 905
8?;(ras ; AIK. at/3ot, roijrt koi 8jj
X^opet TO KaKov' bore jj-ol X^Koinjv. i^^
AA. TV(f)oyep(i)v et Kavapixoaros.
AIK. /caraTTVyo)!' ei KavaLcrxvvTos.
AA. po'8a /x' ecprjKas. AIK. Kat /36o/xoAoxos. 910
D 2
^6 NE4>EAAI.
. j^j,y AA. KpiV€cn (TT€(f)avo'L^. AIK. KoX TTaTpoXoCas.
AA. -)(j)V(r^ TiaTTcav /x' ov yiyvuxTKeLS.
AIK. ov hiJTa TTpb tov y , oXka ixokvfibco.
AA. vvv bi ye K6cr\xos tovt eoTty efxoi.
• ^ AIK. dpaa-vs el ttoXXov. AA. crv be y apxaios. 915
AIK. Ota ere oe (potrav
ovbels eOeXei t&v p-ecpaKLCov'
yvodcrOricreL ToC ttot 'AOrivaioiS
ola bibdcTKeis tovs avo7]Tovs.
AA. avxixels atcr)(p5s. AIK. crv be y ev %parreis. 920
Kairoi irporepov y eirruixevesy
TijXe(pos elvaL Mvaos 0d(rKcoy,
eK TTv pLbCov
yv(op.as Tpdyodv HavbeXereiovs. rt-„>jvi«6 Vf*^ .*|^'^^
A A. w/xot <To<p(,as — AIK. wjuot piavias — ^^C' '^'925
AA. T^s ep.vTna67js. AIK. rijs crf]s, ttoAccos 0'
iJTLS ere Tpe<peL
Xvp.aiv6p.evov rot? pLetpaKLOLS.
AA. oii)(i 8t8a^et? roSroy Kpoi'os wv.
AIK. etTiep y' avrbv a-oiOrfvai \pi] 930
Kttt p.1] XoXlclv p.6vov a(rKi](Tau
AA. bevp X6i, Tovrov 6' ea p-aiveaOai,
AIK. Kkavcrei, Tr}v xelp ^v e7rt/3aAAr)?.
XOP. TTavcracrOe p-ciXT]S kol Xoibopias.
aXX' enibei^ai 935
av re roii? TvpoTepovs o.tt ebibaa-Kes,
(TV re ri/y Kaivi\v
TtaCbeva-LV, ottco? ay aK0U(ras a(p^v
avTiXeyovToiv KpLvas (poira, '•■''''■ - Uc^-^'-
AIK. Spay ravT eOeXco. AA. Kaymy eOeXoa.
XOP. f/)epe 8?) TTOTepoi Aefet irporepos ; 940
AA. roi;ra) bcocroi'
NE<I>EAAI. 37
KaT €K TOVTCov (ov av Ae^rj
pr]ixaTioicnv Kaivols avrbv'
Koi biavoiaLS KaTaTo^eva-co.
TO reXeuratoz; 8', tjz; avaypv^rf, aCv<=<-M^«o^'-^ "945
TO TTpOCTMTTOV CLTiaV KoX TO}(f)6a\pO>
KevTovpievos uxrirep vtt av dpr)v S)v
VTTo tS>v yvutp&v aiToXelTai.
XOP. vvv hii^^Tov 70) TTia-vvo} rot? iiepibe^toKri 949
Xoyoicn koX (f)povTC(n koL yvoj poTViroLS p.e pCp,-
OTTOTepos avTolv Xeycov apeivoov (f)av')](TeTai.
vvv yap aTTas ivOdbe KLvbvvos avelraixTo^tas, 955
tJs Trept Tols epots <pikocs ecrrtv ayoiv p.4yi(TTOs.
dAA.' S ttoXXo'ls tovs iTpecrjivTepovs i]Q^cn. xpricrTols
(rT€(f)avu)(ras,
prj^ov (^xavriv f]TLvt -x^aipeis, Kol ti]V aravrov (pvmv
eliri. 960
AIK. Ae^o) Toivvv Tr\v ap^aiav iratbeLav, &)? biejieiTo,
OT iycb TO. b'lKaia Xiycov t]v6ovv kol acixppoaijvr]
^vevop-tcTTO.
Ttp&Tov p.\v e§et iraibos (fiMvip ypv^avTos prjbev
ctKovcrat,'
eira A^aStfety iv tolo-lv obols evTaKTO)^ eis Kida-
. TOVS KMjn]Tas yvpvovs aOpoovs, Ket K pLpvca brj nara-
eir' av T rpop aOelv qajx (btbacTKev, ro) piipoi prj
^vv4x.(^vras,
^ riaAAdSa irepcriiroXLv betvdv, rj TrjXeTTopoV ri
I36ap.a,
ivT€tvap4vovs Ti]v appovi'av, r]v ol Trarepes irape-
b(x)Kav.
38 NE4)EAAT.
el 8e Tt? avTwv ^(ojuoAox^evcratr ?) K&ix^eiiv riva
olas ol vvv ras Kara *i>pvvtv ravra^ ras bvcrKoko-
KCLIXTTTOVS, . 97 i
kiteTpi^ero TVTTTOixevos TToXKa^ o)? ra? Movcras
ovb' av kXeadaL beciTvovvT e^rjv Kecjyakatov ti]s
pacfiavlbos, 981
ovb^ avvr\dov tQv Trpecr^vTepoiv ap-na^eiv ovhe
criXxvov,
ovh^ 6\l/o(f)aye'iv, ovbe Kt yXL^e iv, ovb^ tcr^ety tw
TToS' ivaWd^,
AA. j ap^ald ye koL AtTroXtcoSr] kol reTTLyccv dvdp.€(rTa
' Kol Kr]K€ibov KoL Bov(J)ovlcov. AIK. dXX] ovv ravr
ea-rlv eKelva, 985
e£ cSy dvbpas Mapad(jovop,d)(^ovs rjp-y] TraiSeucrts
fOpe'^ev.
av 8e Tovs vvv €v9vs ev ip^aTioicri bibacTKeis ej^reru-
TTpos TavT, w pLetpcLKtov, Oapputv f/xe roy KpeiVroj
Vj;.- Xoyov alpov' 990
j'*^ Kd7rt(r77^(rei pia-elv dyopav kol ^akavelcov aTrixecrOai,
KoX TGI? aicrxpots at(r)(i'i;e(r^a6, K^y a-KCdTTTrj Tis (re,
^XeyeorOai'
kolL t&v OcLKOiv Tol^ TTpecrl^vTepoLS VTTavLCTTacrOaL
TTpOCTLOVa-LV,
Koi pi] TTepl Tovs cravTov yoveas cTK aiovpy elv, dXXo
re p7]bev
al(r)(j)ov TTOielv, otl rijs Aibovs p-eXXeLS rayaXp,'
d vairX.d TTei.v' 995
jurj8' els dpx'7f^Tpt8o? ela-qTreLV, Iva pi] irpos ravra
Kexj}v(tis,
NE(I>EAAI. 39
/XTjXw pXrjOel? vtto Tropvihiov, t^? evKkeias a-o-\e2n>^.-
6pav(rdfjs'
fXTjS' dyreiTTeii; rw irarpl jxr]hiv, \xrjh^ 'laTreroj-'
KaAecraira
fxvrja-iKaKrjaai t-)]v rjXiKiav, e£ r^s kveo TTOTpo(\) r\6r]S.
AA. ei raCr, S impaKiov, inicrii roi^ro), j;?) roy Ato-
vvcrov looo
TOis 'iTTTTOKparou? vteVty et^et?, Kai ae KaXovcn
^XiTop.ap.\xav.
AIK. dAA' ovv Xtirapos ye koi €vav6i]s kv yvixvaaiOLS
biarpLyj/ets,
ov (rTu>p.vXXu>v Kara Tr]V ayopav TpL^oXei<.TpdiT€X\
oldirep oi vvv,
0^8' eXKop-evos Trepl 'npayp-artov yXia^pavTiXoye^e-
TTLTpiTTTOV
dAA' eis 'AKah]p.€Lav KaTitiV vtto rais p.opi.ai<i
diToOpi^ei 1005
aTe<{)av(0(rapi€vos KaAa/xco XiVK<2 pLera (r(ji(f)povo'i
7]Xiki(6tov,
[iCXaKos 6Cu>v KoL aTrpayp-ocrvvris koI Xcvktjs (pvXXo-
fioXovarr]s,
rjpos €v a)pa \aipoiv, OTTorav irXaTavos TrreAea
yp-Ldvpi^r}.
rjv Tavra TTOifjs dyo) (f)pa((o,
Koi Trpos TOVT019 Trpocrixjjs rbv vovv, 10 10
€^eLS det (TTrjdos Xnrapov,
■)(j)OLa.v XiVKrjV, w/xous [xeyaXovs
yXcoTTav ^aiav.
■fjv 8' direp ol vvv eTrtrrjSevTjy, 1015
Trpwra piev e'^et? \poidv o)\p6.v,
<i)pov9 p.LKpovs, o-tTjOos AeTTToV,
yAwrray p.€ydXriv, •v//?/0tcr/xa p.aKp6v,
40 NE^EAAT.
Kai 0" avaireidei
TO ixev atcrxpoy (iirav KaXov T/yetcr^at, 1020
TO KaXbv 8' alcry^pov'
KoX TTpOS TOVTOiS Ti]9 ^AvTLjXa^OV
KaTaiTvyocruvrjs avaTTXi](T€L.
XOP. 2) KaXXtiTvpyov oro(pLav KkeLVOTaT-qv eTracTKwy, 1024
0)? ^]hv (Tov TolcTL XoyoLS aSxfypov eir^crTLV avOos.
€vhai[xoves 8' rja-av ap ol ^covTes tot iitt, tS>v
7Tp0T€p(aV.
TTpos ovv Tad, u) Kopi\l/oTrpe7TT] ixovcrav e^toy, 1030
8et ere Xiyeiv tl KaLvov, w? evboKiixrjKev avqp.
beivSiv hi croi jSovXevpLctTcov eoiK€ belv Trpos
avTov,
e'tirep tov avlp vTTepjBaXe'i koL [jlt] yeXcaT d(f)Xi]-
frets. 1035
AA. KOL ix^jv TrdXai y lT:vly6ixi]v to. a-nXayyvo., Kcnri-
6vp.ovv
airavTa tuvt kvavTiais yvcojxatcn avvTapd^ai.
eyo) yap iJTTcov piev Xoyos 8t' avTo tovt €KXi]6r]v
€v TolcTL (PpovTia-TOiaLV, ort ^ Trp^TLCTTOS €TTev6r}cra
ToldLV v6p.0LS Kol TOLS OiKats TCLvavTi' dvTiXi^au 1040
KoL TovTO irXelv 7) pvpioiv eor' a^iov (TTaTr]p(X)V,
aipovpevov tovs iJTTOvas Xoyovs cTretra vlkuv.
(TKe-^at he ti]v Traibeva-LV fj iri-noiOev ws eXty^ca'
ocTTLS (re 6epp(2 (jy^ia-L XovaOat -npuiTov ovk kda-eiv.
KaiToi Tiva yvu>iJii]v e'xwy \lriy€LS to. Oepixa Xov-
Tpd ; 1045
AIK. OTLT] KUKLo-Tov €(TTi KoL heiXov TTOtet TOV avhpa.
AA. eTrtVxes* evOvs yap cr e'xw plaov Xa^^v a(l>vicTov.
Kai jxot ^pda-ov, tS>v tou Atos Traibcov tlv avbp*
dpiaTOV
\|^uxV vop.iC^LS, diri, Ka\ TrXeLcrTovs ttovov? Trovfjo-at ;
NE^EAAI. 41
AIK. eyo) fjiev ovbiv* 'HpoKXeou? fieXrCov avhpa Kpivoo.
AA. Tiov -^vy^pa bfjra ttcottot elbes 'HpaKA.eia kovrpd ; 105 1
KULTOL rt? avbpeLOTepos i]v ; AIK. ravT kaTi,
ravT knelva,
a tQ)V v€avi(TKU)V ail hC rjfxepas XaXovvToov
TrXyjpcs TO (BaXavelov TTOuel, kcvols be ras iraXaicrTpas.
AA. etr iv ayopq Trjv biaTpi^r]V yfreyets' eyw 0' iiraivS).
et yap TTOvrjpov ^]V, "Ojxrjpos ovbeiroT av iiroiei 1056
Tov Necrrop' ayop^Ti]v av ovbe tovs aocpovs aTravras.
avetixi bi]T evrevdev eh ti]v ykcarrav, t^v obi \x\v
ov (piqcn xpT/yat rovs viovs aaKelv, eyo) 8e cfyrjixL.
Kal (ruxppove'iv av (})rja-i. \privai' bvo KaK<j) [xe-
yicTTca. 1060
eirei crv bia to (rox^povdv rw ttcottot' et8e? ^jbrj
ayaOov tl yevojxevov, (ppdcrov, Kai jx e^eXey^ov clircav.
AIK. TToXXols. 6 yovv TirjXevs eXajSe bia tovto ti]v /xd-
)(^aLpav.
A A. fxayaipav ; aaTeiov to Kepbos eXajSev 6 KaKobaip.U)V.
'^TireplSoXos S' ovk. tG)v Xvyvutv itXeiv 7) ToXavTa
TToXXa 1065
€tXr}(f)€ bia TTOvrjpiav, aXX' ov ju,a At" ov \xayaipav.
AIK. KoX T'!]v Q4tlv y ey-qp-e bia to (roLxfipovelv 6 UriXevs.
AA. KqT aTToXLTTOvcrd y avTov w^^er'* "kjQi o' thv Kpo-
I'tTTTTO?. 1070
arKt^jrai yap, u) pLetpaKtov, ev t<2 croycfypove'LV airavTa
aveaTLV, ■t]bovS)V 6^ oaoyv /.te'AAet? diroa-Tepe'La-Oau
KaiToi Tl (Toi ^T]v a^iov, TOVTCov idv (TTeprjdfjs ;
€iev. Trdpetja' ivTevdev is Tas Tijs (pva-eoo^ dv-
dyKas. 1075
i]pLapT€S, ripdaOrji, epioixevcrds tl, kut iXi']cf}diis'
aTToXoiXas' dbvvaTos yap ei Xeyeiv. fp-ol 8' opuXoiv,
Xpw Tj] (pvaei,, CTKipTa, yiXa, v6p.L^e p-rjbev alcry^pov.
4i NE<I>EAAI.
[XOLXos yap rjv Tvxiis aXovs, rah* avrepw irpos avrov,
ws ovb€v rjhLKYjKas' eir et? top At' knaveveyKelv, 1080
KaKiivo^ fa)? iJTTcov epcoTOS €(TTi Kal yvvaiK&v'
Ka'iToi (TV dvrjTos coy d^ov ttws //.et^oy av bvvato ;
rt S^t' Ipet? ;
AIK. rjTT-qixeda,
TTpbs tS>v 6eS)V bi^acrOi [lov
OoljiaTLOV, 0)9
2I2KPATFIS. 2TPE^I'IAAH2. 4)EIAinniAH2.
212. tC brjra ; TTorepa tovtov airdyecrOai. Aa/3coy iios
^ovXei Tov vlov, r\ bibaaKOi aOL Xiyeiv ;
2TP. bibacTKe koX KoXa^e, koI piepivrjcr oirms
ev fjioi (rT0[X(acr€L9 avrov, em ii\v Oarepa
otav biKibiOLS, ttji; 8' kripav avrov yvaQov
(rr6p.oi(TOV otav is ra jxeL^co irpayixara. 11 10
212. d/xeAet, Kopiul rovrov (TO(l)L(Tri]v be^iov.
^'EI. oi^pov pkv ovv oTpai ye Ka\ KaKoba[p.ova.
XOP. xcopelre vvv. oXixai bi ctol ravra /lera/xeArjcreiy. —
A Tovs Kpiras h Kepbavovcriv, rjv Ti rovbe rbv xopov
o)(f)€XQ)(r e/c rcoy bLKaicov, fiovXoixecrd^ ry/xeis ^pa-
crat. 1 1 16
TTpcora p.ev yap, r\v veav jBovXrja-O' kv u>pa rovs
aypovs,
V(ro\xev Trp(aroi(nv vpiv, rolcri 5' aXXois vcrrepov.
etra rov Kapirov re koI ras apLTreXovs (pvXa^opev,
uxrre pr\r av)(jxov irU^eiv pr\T ayav eiroplSpCav.
rjv 8' aripaarf rt? rjpias Ovrjrbs u)V ovcras deds, 1121
'Kpoa-eyJ.TOi rov vovv, Trpbs i]pSiV ola ireLo-eraL KaKa,
Xapi^dvoyv ovr divov ovr aXX! ovbev ck tov
Xwptou. V
NE(I>EAAI. 43
riviK av yap at t kkaai ^Xaa-Tavoicr at t a/XTTcAot,
airoKeKoxl/ovTaf Toiavrais crcfievbovaLS Traujcro/xev. 1125
r]v 8e ttXivO^vovt Xbcoixev, vcrofiev Kal rod riyovs
Tov Kepajiov avrov yaXa^ai^ (rrpoyyvkais (rvvrpi-
ylropL€v,
Kav yap.fl TTor' avrbs rj tcov ^vyyevS>v rj t5>v (piXaiv,
vcrop.ev ttji; vvktu iracrav' ojot' icrft)? /SouA^o-erat
Kav kv AiytiTrrw Tv^eiv obv paXXov i] Kplvat, kokcSs. i 130
2TP. irepLTTTr], rerpas, Tpirr], pera ravTrjv bevrepa,
eW i]v eyo) p^akiaTa TracrSiv i]pepG>v
8e8otKa Kal iricppiKa KaX ^h^XvTTopai,
€v9vs pera Tavrijv icrd^ ivr] re Kal via.
TTCLS yap rt? opviis ot? d^eiAcoy Tvy\dvM 1 1 35
0ets poL TTpvTaveV airoke'iv p.i (l>^cn Ka^oXe.Tv'
Kap.ov p-irpi arra Kal biKau ahovpevov,
" ft) baip,6vLe, TO pev Tt, vvvl pi] Aa/3r/?,
TO b avaj3aXov pot, to 8' acpes", ov <pa(riv itoTe
ovTCos a'noXr]-^e(j6\ akka koibopovcri p.€ 1140
(as abtKos elp.1, Kal biKacracrOai (l)acrC pot.
vvv ovv biKa^ia-Qoiv' okiyov yap poi pikei,
eiTTep p,ep.ddr]K€v ev ktyeiv 4>ei8t7r7ri8r/s.
Ta)(a 8' ilcrop.aL K6\}/as to (fypovTicrTripiov.
iral, 7///,i, TTal iral. 212. ^Tp€\lndbr]v a<nra^ojixai.
2TP. Kayuiye cr' akka tovtovI 7TpS>Tov kajii' 1146
Xp^ yap kiriOavpa^eLV tl tov bibdcrKakov.
Kai poL TOV vlov, el pep-ddriKC tov koyov
€K€tvov, €L(j)', ov dpTLOis etcr?;yaye?. .^^^
212. p.ep.d$r]K€v. 2TP. ev y , co Trap.(ia(Ti^^ XTrawkf].
2X2. cucrr' diTO(pvyois av ijvTiv av ^ovkrj bLKi]v. 1151
2TP. Kit p.dpTvpes TTaprjcrav, 6t ebavet(6piiv ;
212. TToAAo) ye p.akkov, Kav irapuxrL ^.tAtot.
2TP. jSoacTopai Tapa tciv VTrepTovov ^
44 NE*EAAI.
fiodv. ic5, K\aeT u)j3o\ocrTdTai, 1155
avTOL re kol Tapyala koX tokol toku)v'
ovbev yap av jxc (pXavpov epyd(raL(rd' en*
olos (jJiol Tpe(j)€Tai
Tolcro' ivl b(ip.acn Ttals,
dp.(j)i]Ket yXcoTTrj Ad/XTTcoy, 11 60
TTpo'^oAo? ep-os, (roiTr]p go'/xoi?, e^^pots j3\dj3rj,
XvcravCas Trarpw'ooy jmeydAcoy KaKwv'
ov KaXecrov rpixoiv kvhoQev uts e/xe,
212. W T€KVOV, U) TTOi, II65
e£eA^' oXku>v, d'Ce (rod irarpos.
6h^ eKelvo^ dvi]p.
2TP. o) (J)l\os, 0} (f)t\os.
212. aTTt^t Aa/3a)i' roy Dtoy.
2/1 r. tw 10) T^KVOv.
iov lov. 1170
0)5 rjbopLaC aov TTpcora Trjv xpotay ZScoy.
vvv p.iv y IbeXv el irpSiTov i^apvrjTiKOS
KavTiXoytKOS, kol tovto TOVTiiyjapiov
arexv&s k-navdel, to tl Aeyet? av ; koX hoKeiv
ahiKOvvT dbiKcla-Oat Koi KaKOvpyovvT, oT8' ort.
e-TTt TOV TTpOCrCdlTOV T ((TtIv ^ AtTLKOV (SXtTTOS. 11/6
vvv ovv oTTcos (T(jj(T€L9 p. , €~ec /caTTcoAecTas.
*EI. (^o^ei be bi] tI ; STP. ti]v evrjv re kol viav.
<IjEI. evr] yap eari Kal via tl9 ; 2TP. ^]\iepa,
els i']V ye 6i](Tetv to. Trpvraveld (pacrC p.ou iiSo
(I)EI. aTToAoOo-' dp' av6' ol Oivrer ov yap eaO'' ottcos
p.C i]\xepa yevoiT av y]p.epaL bvo.
2TP. ovK av yivoLTO ; ^I^EI. ttw? yap ; el p?/ Trep y dp.a
avTi] yevoiTO ypavs re Kal vea yvvi].
2TP. Kal p.i]v v€vop.L(TTaL y. *EI. ov yap, oTjuai, tov
vuixov 1185
NEci^EAAI. 45
Xa-acrtv opdcos o tl voet. 2TP. voeX 8e ri ;
^YA. 6 '26X(jiv 6 iraXatos t]v (f)LX6bi][j.os ti]v (jivcnv.
2TP. tovtI fxev ovbev ttco Tipbs €vr]v re Kal viav.
4>EI. ^Kelvos ovv T-)]v K-XfjCTLv els 8w' i]fxipai
ediiKev, e'is ye ti]v 'ivi]v re koX viav, 1190
tv al ^eVets yiyvoivTO rfj vovixr]via.
STP. tva hi] tL ti]v evijv T:pocre6i]Kev ; ^EI. iv , S //.e'Ae,
irapovres ol (fievyovTes Vl^^pa p-i-a.
irporepov a-naXKaTToivQ^ kKovres, el be p./],
ecodev v~avL<^VTo rrj vovp-iivCa. 1195
STP. TTU>s ov be-)(^ovTaL byjra rfj voviirjviq.
ap-)(^al TO. TTpvTaveV , aAA.' evy] re /cat veq ;
^i'EI. oirep ol Trporevdai yap boKovcri [xol TraOelv'
0770)9 Ta)(iO"ra to, lipvTaveV v(f)e\oLaTo,
bia TovTo TTpovrevOevcrav i]p-epq. p.ia, 1200
2TP. ev y , CO KaKoba{.p.oves, rl KaOijcrO^ a/3eArepot,
rip-irepa Kepbrj tG)v cro(f)Q)V owes, XiOoi,
apidpLos, TTpOjSaT aXXcos, ap^cpoprjs vevi](jp.ivoi ;
UKTT els ep-avTov Kal top vlbv tovtovI
ki: evTv^^iOAcnv aa-reov ixovynutjXLOV. 1205
" piOLKap (b ^Tpexj/iabes,
avTos T ecjivs &>? (ro(p6s,
)(Otoi; Tov vlbv Tpe(peLS,"
<^r\crov(n bi] p! ol 0tAot
yol brip-orai^ 1210
Qr]\ovvTes i]vik av crv VLKas keyiov ras biKas.
dAA' eladya)v ere j3oTj\op.aL irpStTov ecrrtaorat.
nA2IA2.
iLT avbpa rOiv avrov tl )(pi} Trpo'ievai ;
ovbeirore y, aWa Kpelrrov evdvs ijv Tore 1215
airepydpLaaraL p.aXXov i] cr^elv TTpdyp-ara,
46 NE^EAAI.
ore Ttiiv (fJiavTov y eveKa vvvl xpiqixaxoiV
e^KUi <re KkriTeva-ovTa, kol yevr\croixai
ix^pos In Trpbs tovtolo-lv avbpl 8r;/xoVr^.
drop ovbeTTore ye tijv Ttarpiba KaTai(T)(yvQ> 1220
CS>v, akXa KaK.ovp.aL ^Tpe\l/Labr]v 2TP. rts ovto(tl ;
riA. e? T^v (.vr\v re koX v^av. 2TP. \xapTvpop,ai,
on €S 8v' etTrey i]p.ipas. tov x^pr^/xaro? ;
nA. rwy 8fc)8e/ca p.vS)v, as eXajBes b)vovp,evos
TOV ■yj/apbv Xttttov. 2TP. tiTTTov ; ovk aKovere, 1225
ov Trayres ■y/jteis tore ixlctovvO^ iiTTTLKriv;
nA. Kttt I'TJ Ai' aTTobuxreiv y kucap-vvs rev's Oeovs.
2TP. ju,a Toy At'" ov yap ttco tot e^ri-nia-Taro
^etbiinTibris p-oi tov aKaTd[3XriTov Koyov.
nA. vvv 8e Sta tovt e^apvos etvai biavoet ; 1230
2TP. rt yap aX\' ay a-noXav<jaip.i tov p,adr]p.aTos ;
ITA. Ka\ TavT k6eXi](T€is airop^ocraL p.0L tovs d^ovs ;
2;TP. Tioiovs deovs ;
ITA. TOV Ata, TOV 'Epixrjv, tov YIo(T€Lba>. 2TP. vi] Aia,
Kay TTpoo-KaTaO^Lrjv y, (oo-t Ojuiocrai, Tpm^oXov.
nA. aTTokoio TOLvvv iveK avaibeias eTU 1236
2TP. akalv 8tao-/x?]x^f'? ovaiT av ovtoctC.
nA. otju,' COS KarayeXas. STP. ef x^'"^ X'^P'?^^^'^'-
nA. ou rot p-a Toy Ata tov p.iyav koI tovs 6eovs
qjiov KaraTTpoL^ei. 2TP. Oavixacricos ijcrdrjv O^ols,
Kal Zevs yeXoLOS 6jivvp.(vos rots elbomv. 1241
UA. rj p.^y crv tovtoov tw XP'^^^ Swcrets bUriv.
aXX' etr aTToScocret? p.ot ra XPW'^'''^ ^'''"^ Z^'?'
aiTOTiepj^ov aTTOKpLvdpLevos. 2TP. e'xe yuy rjcrvxos.
eyo) yap avTiK a7TOKpi.vovp.ai o-ot (ra(})S)S. 1245
nA. rt (rot 8oKet ^paaeiv ; aTrobuxretv croi boKel ;
STP. TToC V^' ovros airaiTGiv pie Tapyvpiov ; Xe'ye,
rourt rt eort ; nA. roS^' o rt eo-rt ; Kap8o7ros.
NE^EAAI. 47
2TP. eireir aTratret? rapyvpLov tolovtos oiv ;
ovK av aT:ohou]v ovb' av 6/3oAoi' ovhevi, 1250
ocTTLS KoAecreie Kaphoirov ti]v Kapho-rnqv.
HA. o{iK ap' aTToScocrets ; 2TP. ov^, oo-oy ye /x' etSeVat.
ov/coui; dwcras ri Oclttov aTTokiTapyiels
cnrb Trjs 6vpas ; HA. aiTeiixt, koI tovt X(t6\ otl
dijcroi TTpvTaveV, rj p.r]K€rL (wrjy eyco. 1255
2TP. TTpoaaTTofSaXels ap avra irpos rais ScoSexa.
KaiToi are tovto y ovy). ^ov\o\xai TTaOelv,
OTLT] 'KaAecras ivrjOiKois njy Ko.pho'nov.
AMTNIA2.
Zc^ /LloT JU,Ot.
2TP. ea* rts ovtoctl ttot ecr^' 6 dprjvcHv ; ov tl ttov 1260
rwy KapKLvov tls baijxovcov €(j)9ey^aTo ;
AM. Tt 8' oVrts et//t, roCro I3ov\€(t9' elhivai ;
avi]p KaKobatp-cov, 2TP. Kara creavTov vvv Tpirtov.
AM. u> (TKXrjpe baiixov, S) TV)(^at dpavcrdvTvyes
LTTTrctiv ep-GiV' S) YlaXXds, 00s jx d7rcoA.eo-a?. 1265
2TP. Tl bat (re TATjTroAe/xoj ttot etpyao-raL kukov ;
AM. p.1] crKW-re \x , S rdv, aXkd p.01 ra \prip.aTa
Tov vlbv diTobovvaL KeXevcrov akajiev,
aXXcos re [xevTot Kal KaK^s 'neirpayoTL.
STP. TO. noia Tavra ^^prip-ad' ; AM. abaveicraTO. 1270
2TP. KttK&s dp' 6vT(jL)S etx_^s, oj? y ejxol boKeZs.
AM. iTTTTous ekavvcov e^eirecrov vi] tovs Oeovs.-
2TP. Tt brJTa Xrjpels axrirep dir ovov KaraTTecrcav ;
AM. Xr]pS>, rd y^prip.ar duoXajielv el (iov\op.ai ;
2TP. OVK eaO' OTTcas crv y avrbs vyiaiveis. AM. ri bai;
2TP. TOV eyKe<paXov axrirep (recrelcrOaL [xol boKeXs. 1276
AM. (TV be VT] TOV ^Epp.7]v -npocTKeKXrja-dai juot SoKetj,
48 NE^EAAT.
et /^aTToScocrcts rapyvpiov. 2)TP. KaTeiiri vvv,
TTorepa vojxi^eis Kaivov ael tov Aia
veiv vboip eKaaroT, ?/ tov ijXLOV 1280
e'AKety KarojOev ravro rovO^ vbcop irdXiv ;
AM. ovK otS' lycay oiroTcpov, ovbi [xoi /neAet.
STP. TTU)s ovv aiToXajieiv rapyvpiov biKaios el,
el p^rjbev olaOa tG)V jxeTecapiov TTpayixdroiV ;
AM. aAA.' el cnraviCeis, rapyvpiov p-OL rov tokov 1285
aiTobore. 2TP. rovro 8' ea-O^ 6 ro/co? rt drjpiov ;
AM. rC 8' dXXo y rj Kara piijva Kal Ka9^ rjixepav
'nXeov nXeov rapyvpiov del yiyverai,
VTTOppeovTos TOV \p6vov ; 2)TP. koAws Aeyet?.
rt brjra ; rijv Odkarrav ecr&' on irXeiova 1290
vvvl vop-i^eis rj irpb rov ; AM. jxa AC, dXX Xa-qv.
ov yap biKaiov irXeiov elvai. STP. Kara Trois
avrr\ p.ev, S KaK6baip.ov, ovbev yiyverai.
eTTippeovrcdv rQv TTorap.&v rrXeiOiv, crv b^
{r^rets TTOirjcrai rapyvpiov irXelov rb aov ; 1295
OVK dTTobico^eis cravrov dirb rrjs oiKta? ;
4>epe juot rb Kevrpov. AM. ravr eyca p,aprvpop.ai.
STP. v-naye, ri. p-eXXeis ; ovk eXas, o) crap.(p6pa ;
AM. ravr ov\ v(3pis bfjr eo-riv ; 2TP. q^eis ; emaXOt
Kevrwv VTtb rbv irpoiKrov ae rbv creipac^opov. 1300
(jievyeis ,* epieXXov cr' dpa Kivrjcreiv eyw
avrols rpoyol^ roZs (roicrt koI ^vvutpicnv.
XOP. olov rb TTpayixdraiv epdv (pXavpoiv' 6 yap
yepcov 08' epacrOels
d7T0(rrep7](rai ^ovXerai 1305
ra y^pi^p-aQ^ dbaveicaro'
KovK ead' OTTO)? ov rrip.ep6v ri X')]\l/erai
irpdyjx, b rovrov irotr/cret rbv (ro(f)io-ri]v, 1309
dv9^ S)v TTavovpyelv "jp^ar , e^ai(pvr]s KaKbv Xaj3eiv n.
NE4)EAAI. 49
ot/xai yap avTov avriy^ evpi](r€LV oirep
TToAat TTOT e7T?/ret,
etvaL Tov Vibv becvov ol
yv(i>p.as (vavTtas Xiyeiv 13 14
ToliTLV bLKaLOLS, wcTTe vLKCLv oXo-nep av
^vyyivTjTaL, nav Aey?; Tiaix-noviipa.
X(T(i)S h\ t(T(i)S l3ov\'i]<T€TaL Ka(j)(j)vov avTov ^tvat.
2TPE^IAAH2. <I>EIAinniAH2. X0P02.
lov lov. 1321
S} yecToves koI ^vyyevels koI hrjixoTai,
aixwdOeri p.01 TvirropLevio 1:0.0-7] riyj^t].
oip.01 KaKohaLp.(ov rrjs K€<paXi]s koL ttjs yvdOov.
£ jutape, TvimLS tov niaripa ; <t>EI. 4>ri}x , S
-ndrep. 1325
2TP. opad' opLoKoyovvO^ on p.e TviTTei. (I>EI. koX ixaXa.
2TP. S) p-tape. Ka\ Trarpakola koX TOL^Mpvyje.
4>EI. avdis pe TavTCL ravra koI TrAeio) Aeye.
ap olcrO^ on yaipu) 7t6\K' CLKOvoiv koX KaKO. ; 1329
STP. cb kaKKOTTpuyKTe. fl^EI. TTaTTe TToXXols Tols pohois.
2TP. TOV TraTepa rwTrret? ; 4>EI. Kairoipavo) ye vij Ata
&)? ev biKT] cr €Tvtttov. SITP. oj pnapcaTaTe,
Koi 77C0? yeyotr' ay iraTepa tvtttglv iv bLKrj ;
<i>EI. eycoy' dirobei^u), Kai ere vlkijctu) Xiyuiv.
21TP. rourt av vLKijcreLS ; 4>EI. ttoAv ye /cat pqbiws. 1335
eAoS 8' OTTOTepov toIv Xoyoiv (BovXet kiyeiv.
2TP. 7T0L0LV XoyoLv ; 4>EI. roy KpeiTTov , 17 Toy iJTTOva ;
2TP. kbiba^dp.riv p.ivT0i ere vt) At", w fie'Xe,
Tolcriv biKaiois avTiXeyetv, et raSra ye
/xeAAets dvamicmv, ws btKaiov Kal KaXbv 1340
£
50 NEcI>EAAI.
Tov TTarepa TVTrTeaO^ earlv vtto tS>v vlecov.
<I'EI. aAA o'iojxai \xivTOL a avair^La-eiv, uxrre ye
ovb' avTos aKpoaa-ajjievos ovhcv avT^pels.
2TP. KOt [X'i]V 6 TL Koi Ae^ets a/coucrat ^ovXojxaL.
XOP. (TOV ipyOV, S) TTpecr^VTa, <ppOVTl^€lV OTTT] 1345
TOV avhpa KparrjcreLS,
o)s ovTos, et pLTj TO) 'ireTTOLdeiv, ovk av ^]v
ovTcas aKoXaaTos.
aXk 1(7^' 6t(o Opacrvv^Tai' brjXov ye rav-
6p(0TT0V 'crrt to krjjxa. 1350
dAA.' e£ OTOV to irpcaTOV rip^aO^ rj p.a.yr\ y^vlcrOai
i]br] Xiyetv xpi] irpbs -yopov' iravTOis be tovto bpacrets.
2TP. KOt ix'i]v 66ev ye irp^Tov rjp^dp.e(rda Xotbopcla-OaL
eya> cfipdaoi' 'jretS?/ yap el(TTLU>iJi.e9^, uxTirep XaTe,
'np5)Tov p.\v avTov ti]v Xxipav Xa^ovT eyo) ^Kikevaa
acrai 2t/xa>i;t8oii jxekos, tov KpLov, ws kir^yOr]. 1356
6 S' €vd€U)S apyjuov etv ec^aa-Ke to KiOapC^eiv
abeiv re ttlvovO', oxrirepel Ka^pys yvvoxK dkovaav.
^EI. ov yap TOT evOvs Xp^iv cr' apa TuimaOat re Ka\
itaT^lcrdai,
abecv K€k€vov9\ wcr— epet TeTTLyas kcxTiSiVTa ; 1360
2TP. rotaSra jxivTOL Kal tot eXeyey evbov, oldirep vvv,
KoX TOV SijucoytSTjy ^(jtaa-K elvai, KaKOV TTOirjTriv.
Kayci p.6kt9 [xiv, aAA' o/xco? r}ve(T)(6p.r]v to TTpcaTov'
f-etTa 8' eKe'Aeucr' avTov dkka p.vppivr]V ka[36vTa
Tu)v Alar)(ykov Ae'fat rt );xot* K(i0 ovtos evOvs
d-nev, 1365
eyo) yap Ala-xjukov vop-i^oi irpGiTov kv TTOiriTals,
\}f6c()ov Tikioiv, d^vaTaTov, aT6p.(j)aKa, iiprip.voT:oi6v.
KavTavOa tt&s olea-Qi p.ov t]]v Kapbiav opex^^^v ;
opioos be TOV 6vp.ov baKcbv e(l)i]v, a-v 8' aAAa ToijTcav
ke^ov TL tQ>v veooTipcov, cltt eort to, cro^a TavTa.
NE«I>EAAI. 51
6 8' €v6vs fjcr F.vpL7Tihov prjcrCv Tiv , &)S €k(vcl 1 37 1
aSeA^o'?, aJAeftKOKe, ttji; 6\xoixriTpiav ab€)\.(j)riv.
Kayoi ovK^T k^r]ve(Ty6ixriv, dAA' ^iiOvs i^apaTTO}
TToXXols KaKols Kaia-\pol(n' Kar kvTevO^v, olov eiKos,
Ittos TTpos eiTos ripeih6p.^(T&' ' et^' ovtos iirava-
TT^lbq, 1375
KaTretT e^Aa /:xe KacrTToSet Kairviye Ka-niTpiftev.
<I>EI. ovKOUf hiKaiois, ocrrt? ovk Yivpnrihrjv evaivel?,
ao(})(OTaTov ; 2TP. (T0(p(i>TaT6v y Ik^Xvov, Sj — tl cf
dAA' avdfi av TvnTr\aop.ai. 4>EI. i^r) rov At", ez;
a/ > «
urj y ay.
2)TP. Kttt 770)? 8tKatco9 ; ooTt? ZivaicryyvTe ct e^e^pe\//^a,
aicr^ayo/xeyoj crou irdyra rpavXiCovTos, 6 tl
vooirjs. 1 38 1
ei fiey ye /SpCy et7ro6?, eyw yi'ov? dy -yTteiy k~tcryov'
p.ap.p.av 0' dy atrr/cravros ^Koy (toi (pepcav av aprov.
XOP. otp.ai ye tG>v vecoTepcov ras KapbCas 1391
TTTjbav, TL Ae^et.
ei ydp TOLavTo. y ovtos k^eipya(Tp.ivos
AaAcoy ava~eL(T€L,
TO bepp.a tG)v yepaLTepcov Ad^ot/xey av 1395
dAA' ovo kpejiivOov.
(Tov epyov, o) KaLvSiv k'nS>v KLvrjTa Kal /[xo)(Aei;ra,
TTeLOco TLva CrjTeiv, 6it(os 8o£ets XiyeLV bLKaia.
4>EI. b)s r]bv KaLvoLs irpdyp.acrLv Kal be^Lols o/xtAeTy,
KOL tS>v KadeaTUtTdiv vojxcov VTrepcppovelv bwa-
adaL. 1400
eyw ydp oTe p.ev LTiTTLKfj tov vovv jxovov irpocreLyov,
ovb' av TpC ei—elv pr\p.a&' 0T09 t tjv TTplv i^ap.apTe'iv'
vvvl 8' eTretS)/ /x' ovToal tovtcov eiravcrev avTos,
yv(op.aLS 8e AeTrrats Kal Ao'yots ^vveLp.L Kal p-epip-vaLS,
E 2
52 NE^EAAI.
oijuai hiba^eiv w? hiKaiov tov Traripa /coXa^ety. 1405
2TP. tTTTreue toivvv vi] Ai", ws efj-oiye Kpiirrov ecrrty
Xttttcdv Tpe((}eLv TiOpnnTov i) Tvirropievov e'7rirpt/3r]z;at.
4>EI. eKeio-e 8' o^ey a'nicryj.cra'i p.e tov koyov /xereijiAt,
Kal TTpwr' ^pi](Top.aL cr^ tovtl' Traiba p, ovt
€TVTTT€S ',
STP. eyctiyi cr, evvoutv ye Kal KJjSo'/xet'os. $EI. etTre 8?/
/jiot, 1410
ov Kap.4 crot hiKaiov eanv evvoelv opotcos,
TVTIT(.IV T, eTT€ih}TT(p y€ TOVT k(TT €VVodv, TO
TVTTT€LV ',
TTW? yap TO p,ev crov (rwjaa y^pi] -nXriyGiv aOi^ov tlvai,
Tovp.ov 8e p.!] ; koL p.i]V e^vy eXevOepos ye Kayca.
" KXdovcn TTOihes, iraTepa 8' ov KXaeiv boKels ;" 1415
(f)ri(TeLS vop,(,Ceo'9aL crv iraLCos tovto Tovpyov elvai'
eyo) 8e y avTeiirotp.^ av o)s bis iraibes ol yipovTes.
(Ikos be p,aXXov tovs yepovTas rj veovs tl KkaeLv,
o(rwTTep eS,ap,apTaveiv tJttov biKaiov avTOVs.
2TP. dAA' ovbapiov vopLL^eTat tov iraTepa tovto Tracr^etz;.
4>EI. ovKovv avr]p 6 tov v6p.ov Oels tovtov rjv to Trpw-
TOV, J 42 1
uxnrep (tv Kciyca, koL Xeyu>v e-neiOe tovs iraXaiovs ;
i]Tt6v Tl brjT e^ecrri Kajxol Kaivov av to Xoittov
Oelvat vopLOv toIs vlecnv, tovs iraTepas avTiTin:-
T€bv ; 1424
oaas be irX-qyas e'iyop.ev irplv tov v6p.ov Tedfjvai,
a(f)Lepev, Kal bibop^ev avTols irpotKa avyKeKocpOai.
(TKe\lrai be tovs aXeKTpvovas Kal TaXXa to. jSoto.
TaVTi,
MS TOVS TxaTepas apLVveTaC KatTot tl bia(l>epov(riv
ijpi&v eKelvoi, ttXi]v otl \j/y]cf)i(rp.aT ov ypd(f)ov(nv ;
2TP. Tl bi]T, eireibi] tovs dXeKTpvovas aTravTa p-ipLel,
NE4>Ey\AI. 53
ovK €(tOUls Koi Ti]V KOTTpov kuttI ^vXov KaOev-
bets ; 1431
4>EI. ov ravTov, o) rdv, kariv, ovb' av DcoKparet Sokoijj.
2TP. Ttpbs Tavra jxi] tuttt' d 8e /x?;, cravTov ttot al-
Ttacret.
<J>EI. Koi TTw? ; 2TP. 67761 (re [xkv hUaio^ ei/x' eyo) ko-
Xd^eiv,
(TV b\ liv yivqrai aroi, tov v\6v. ^^EI. i]v 8e /xtj
■y€vr]Tai, i435
IxaTrjv ([JLol KeKXavcrerai, crv 6' eyxaz-'wy re^z^rj^et?.
2TP. 6/jtot ixev, S>vbp€S ijkiKes, 8oKet Aeyety biKaia'
KCLfj-otye (Tvyyoipdv hoKd. tovtoloti TaTn^LKj).
KXdeLV yap ?//xa? cIkos ecrr, rjv fJirj 8i/cata bpu>ix€v.
<i>EI. (TKe^l/ai, be yJiTepav ert yvcapLrjv. 2TP. aTTo yap
dAoCjuat. 1440
fI>EI. Kat jLi^y 10-0)9 y ovk dyOicrei iradoiv a vvv TTeiTovOa^.
2TP. TTw? 87/ ; btba^ov yap tl [x e/c tovtcov eTT(a(f)€Xi](Teis'
tt>EI. r?)!' fxrjTep' uKTirep Kal ere ruTTTTjcra). 2TP. rt 8j/ra
(/)?)? (TV ;
T0v6^ erepov av p-el^ov KaKov. 4>EI. tI b\ rjv
ex^MV TOV i]TTo) 1445
Xoyov (re vtKi]a-(o Xeycov
T1]V jXriTip" W? TVTTTeLV \pe())V /
2TP. rt b' aXko y 7) raCr' y\v TTOLtjs
ovbev (re Ko^XvcreL (reav-
Tov ep-^aXelv es to [idpaOpov 1450
fxeTO. 2ca/cparov9
Kat TOV Xoyov tov iJttu),
TavTl bi vp-as, Si Ne^e'Aai, ireTTOvO^ eyco,
vp.lv dvadels diravTa Tap-a Trpdyp-aTa.
XOP. avTos p.ev ovv craurw (tv tovt(ov atrtoy,
(rTpe\}/as (reavTov es Ttovrjpa Trpdyp-aTa. 1455
54 NE^EAAI.
21TP. rt brJTa ravr ov jxol tot rjyopeveTe,
aAA.' avhp' aypoiKOv kol yipovT k'nr]peT€ ;
XOP. rjpLets TT0L0V[X€V Tavd^ kKO.aTod' , ovtlv av
yvu>pi€v Ttovrjpwv ovt €pa(jTi]v TrpayixaTOiv,
€(09 av avTov kix^aX(o\x€v els KaKOV, 1460
OTTO)? av eibrj tovs Oeovs beboLKevaL.
2TP. tojioL, TTovripd y , S) Ne^eAat, biKata be.
ov yap }x ey^prjV to, ■)(^pi]p.a0' abaveLcrap.r]v
aTiodTepelv. vvv ovv ottuis, o) cf)ikTaTe,
Tov X.aipe(p&vTa tov paapbv Kal licoKpaTrjv 1465
aiToXels p-eTeXOuiv, 0% ere Kajx e^rjTTaTCtiv.
<I>EI. dAA.' ovK av abiKr](Tai.p.i tovs btbaaKakovs.
2TP. val vai, KaTaibea-drjTi, iraTp^ov Ata.
4>EI. Ibov ye Aia iiaTpCdov' w? apyaios eX.
Zeii? y&p Tts e<TTLv ; 2TP. ecrTLv. 4)EI. ovk ear,
OVK, eirel 1470
Alvos ^aaiKevei, tov At' e^ekrjkaK(as.
2TP. OVK. e^eXi^kaK, aAA.' eyca tovt (oo'/xtji',
bio. TOVTovl TOV blvov. ■ o'lp-oi betkaios,
oTe Kal (re xyTpeovv ovTa debv rjyrjcrdixrjv.
(t>EI. evTavOa crauro) TTapa(pp6vei Kal (pkrjvacfja. 1475
2TP. ot/xo6 TTapavoias' ws eixaivofxrjv dpa,
oT e^e(3akkov tovs deovs bia 2,MKp6.Trjv.
dAA', S> (f)ik' 'Ep[xrj, /ixrySa/^w? 6v\xaive ju.ot,
ixt-\be [L einTpL\}/j]s, dkka avyyv(^p.i]v e^e
ep.ov TTapavorjcravTos dboke(r)(^iq.. 1480
Kai p-oi yevov ^vp-fSovkos, etr avTovs ypa<pi]v
bLMKaOoi ypa\j/dp,evos, eX6^ 6 tl croi boKel. —
opOoJs irapaLve'is ovk eS>v biKoppac^elv,
dAA' 0)? Ta)(^i(TT ep.7np.TTpdvai ti]v olKiav
tG>v dbokeayjSiV. bevpo bevp^, u) BavOia, 1485
Kkip-aKa kaj3ii)v e^ekde Kal ap.ivvy]v (pepoiv,
NEct>EAAI. 55
KOTreiT eirava^as em to (ppovTiaTripLov
TO T€yos KaTuaKaiTT , et ^tAet? tov hicnt6T)]v,
ecas av avTols e/A/SaA??? ttjv otKtav'
e/ioi be 8a8' iveyKCLTO) tls ijixixevrjv, 1490
KCtyw Tty' avTuiv Trjixepov hovvai biKrjv
ijiol T70Li]a(t), Kel a(f)6bp' eicr' aka^oves.
MA0HTH2;.
» V » /
ton LOV.
2TP. (Toy epyov, u) Sa?, le'rat ttoAAt)!/ (f)X6ya.
MA&.avOpooire, tC Trotet? ; 2TP. o rt Trotw ; rt 8'
aXXo y 7/ 1495
StaXeTTToAoyov/xat Tat? Sokoi? tj/s otKta?.
MA0. ot/xot, Tt? ^/jicoy TTVpTToke'i Ti]v oiKiav ;
2TP. l/cetfo? ovirep dolixuTLOv el\.i](^aT€.
MA0. aTToAety aTToAets. 2TP. tout' avro yap Kat jSovXofxat,
rjv Tj a-[iLvvr) fiot p.i] 7rpo8w tos eATrtSa?, 1500
1] 'yw TTpOTCpOV TTCOS €KTpa)(l]kLCr6(ii TTeCTcJi'.
2nKPATH2.
oSro?, Tt TTOtets eTeov, ovttI tov Teyovs ;
2TP. aepo^aT&, koX 7rept0poi;(3 tov ijkLOv.
2X2. otjuot TaAa?, SetAato? atroTiviyria-op.ai.
MA0.ey&) 8e KaKohaip-Mv ye KaTaKavOrja-opLai,. 1505
2TP. Ti yap \xa66vTes tovs deovs v(ipi^iTe,
KoX T?)s 2eA7/i;?79 eaKOT^ela-Oe tj]v ehpav ;
StwKC, ^dAAe, Trate, ttoWuiv ovveKa,
[xoKiaTa 8' etoo)? Toi/? ^eow? w? rjbLKOvv.
XOP. rjyela-Q^ e^oi' KeyopevTai yap /xeTptcos to' ye T?;/ie-
poz; ^p.ti'. 1510
NOTES.
The opening scene presents the interior of a room, shown by means of
the eKicvK\r]fia, containinj^ two beds. Strepsiades is tossing, wideawake,
upon one, and his son Pheidippides is sleeping under a pile of blankets
on the other. Several slaves are snoring on mats upon the floor.
1. 1, lou. Equivalent here to 'heigh-ho,' the sound made by a man
stretching and j'awning.
1.2. TO xP'nK-<i Tuv vvKTcov, ' thc length of the night-watches, how
tremendous it is — interminable!" So to xPVI^°- ''''^^ kottcuv oaov Ran.
1278, and avui jxiya xpfjfia to describe a 'huge wild boar,' Hdt. 1. 36.
For vvKTuiv in this sense cp. ^ecrai vvkt(s Plato, Rep. 621 b.
1. 5. ovK av TT-po ToO, 'they wouldn't have dared to do so in bygone
times.' But, since the Peloponnesian war, masters cannot venture ' so
much as to chastise their slaves ' (v. 7), much less put them to the
torture, for fear they should desert to the enemy. The opening scene
of the ' Knights ' introduces slaves preparing for desertion ; cp. Thuc.
7. 27 avSpairuSccv irXiov ff hvo fxvpidSis TjvTOfiiiXTjKfaav.
1. 7. ot', i. e. ore (not on. the final syllable of which is never elided) ;
the days of war, — 'a time when.'
1. 8. ouS' ' not even,' though it is far less excusable in him. xpt1o"tos
is used ironically, ' nice.'
1. II. dX\', €1 SoK€t. 'well, if you please ! ' Strepsiades tries to resign
himself, and take a nap ; but he soon breaks out with dW ou Suvajxai.
1. 12. SaKv6|ji6vos. This suggests an immediate allusion to the vermin
in the bed, sc ino twv Kupfwv. But Aristophanes delights in this sort
of surprise (or 'sell'). The technical name for this form of joke is
OKcufx/xa ■napa TrpoaSoKiav, ' a jest with an unexpected conclusion.'
1. 13. <j)aTVTis. Young Pheidippides has involved his father in debt,
by keeping a stud of horses. The character of Pheidippides was in-
tended to remind the audience of Alcibiades, who sought Oav/xa^iadai
aTTo T^y irrrroTpO(p'ias Thuc. 6. 12. The phrase oIkitj Te9pnTnoTp6<pos
(Hdt. 6. 35) meant a wealthy family that could afford to compete in
the most expensive contest of the Olympian games. Pheidippides
belonged, on his mother's side (inf. 46), to the family of the Alcmaeon-
58
CLOUDS.
idae, and Alcmaeon himself T€9pnnroTpo(pr]aas 'OXyfiniaSa dvaipeeTai
Hdt. 6. 125.
1. 14. k6|ji.t]v '(X(ov, 'wearing his hair long,' the distinguishing mark of
a fop, cp. Kondv inf. 545.
1.37. eiKciSas, 'the twenties;' i.e. the 20th and following days up
to the end of the month, on the last day of which {'4vrj koI via inf. 11 34)
demand was made for interest on money borrowed. Cp. tristes Kalendae
(Hor. Sat. 1.3. 87), to describe the pay-day in Rome.
1. 22. ToC, i.e. TtVoy, 'for what [do I owe] twelve minae to Pasias?'
Ti lxPT'"'iF'''nv seems to mean, ' for what purpose did I employ them ? '
It might equally well be rendered, 'why did I borrow them?' but
then the two clauses would both mean the same thing. Cp. inf. 439
XpT|(r0o)v . . o Tu PiovKovTai.
1.23. ot' lirpLAfJuiv, 'when I bought the hack with the Corinthian
brand ; ' i. e. marked with the ancient letter Koppa 9, equivalent to the
Latin Q, and the initial, in old spelling, of Kopiv^oy, famous for its breed
of horses. Another distinguishing brand was the old sigma, or adv, the
horse so marked being called o-api,c|)6pas, inf. 122, 1298. 'I wish,' he
says, ' that I had had my eye " hacked " out, before I had ever seen this
"hack," ' for he plays upon KoiriraTias and €^€k6itt]v.
1. 25. dSiKEis. Pheidippides, talking in his sleep, accuses some com-
petitor named Philon of ' cheating,' by trying to ' foul ' him in the race,
where the chariots ran abreast.
1. 27. Kal Ka0€v8uv. That is, not only does he devote himself all
day to ' horseflesh ' (iTririKifi, sc. t«'xi'7), but ' even when he goes to sleep '
he dreams about it.
1. 28. TToo-ovs Spofjious, 'how many rounds will the war-chariots
run?' So rd TToXentarripia apfiara Hdt. 5. T13. For the intransitive
use of k\avveiv cp. Eur. Bacch. 853 efa; eKawoju tov tppovfiv. Others
render iXa. transitively, and join it with iroXeiAicrTTipia, ' how many
rounds will he drive in the war-chariot race ? ' The accusatival con-
struction would then be like viicav '0\vf^ma.
1. 30. Ti xp«°s «Pa ; ' what obligation hath come ? ' with a play
upon XP*'"^ i'^ it^s meaning of 'debt ;' a parody of a line of Euripides, ti
Xpeos efia ^wfj,a ; Notice the Doric form t|3a retained in the quotation.
1. 32. €^a\io-as {f^aXivSco), with long iota. Pheidippides, still asleep,
bids the groom to take the horse home, 'after giving him a roll' on smooth
sandy ground {a\iv5r]9pa Ran. 904, or e^aXiarpa), to rub off the sweat.
His father retorts, ' You have rolled me out of house and home.'
1. 35. €V€X^poL<''<i<''9ai, mid., 'will get surety for the interest owing;'
i. e. will put a. distress in my house, and seize my goods as pledge
(evfxvpa). Here (|>acriv, in the sense of ' threatening,' gives the force of
a fut, to the aor. inf.
NOTES. LINES 1 4-7 7. 59
1. 38. 8aKV€i, ' there is biting me a '. We expect Kopis (' bug')
to follow, but instead of it comes ' sheriff.' The 8T)fji,apxoi, introduced
by Cleisthenes, were ' overseers of the hamlets ' (6^/^01), and were re-
sponsible for the police service, registration of citizens, valuation of
property, etc.
1. 42. YTip.[ai.] «'n-fipe, ' egged me on to marry.'
1. 48. €Y'**'*°'-*'''^P'^K-*v'nv {tyKoiavpoofj-ai). The country bridegroom
finds this niece of Megacles whom he has married, 'a very Coesyra' (a
fashionable Eretrian lady who had allied herself with the family of the
Alcmaeonidae). See inf. 800.
1. 52. KcoXidSos. This, and the next word, are titles under which
Aphrodite was worshipped by women, probably with unseemly rites.
The husband brings into the bridechamber all the smells of the farm ;
and the lady, an atmosphere of perfume and extravagance.
1. 53. €cnrdGa. The technical sense of airaOav is to make the web
upon the loom close and thick by beating the threads of the woof
together with a wooden blade {airdOr]) ; from this it easily passed into
the idea of 'wastefulness.' He says, ' she /aid it on at the loom, and I
used to tell her, holding up my [ragged] cloak as an illustration [of her
slatternly ways], " Madam, you lay it on too thickP ' For irpocjjao-iv in
this sense cp. 7rp6<paaLS d\T]6eaTaTT] Thuc. i. 23.
1. 57. iroTTjv XiJxvov, 'a tippling lamp,' that consumes too much oil.
1. 60. |X€Ta TavO'. After the intcrruptiun he resumes the story of
his married life.
1. 63. irpocreTiOei, ' wanted to add.' Notice the force of imperf. as
in 'Ti6e|j.Tjv inf. 65.
1.65. 4'€i8a)vi6T)v= 'Thriftison.' His grandfather's name was 4'£i3cov,
* Thrifty,* inf. 134.
1. 69. oTav crx). We must supply the apodosis — (' How grand it
will be) when you are grown up, and drive a chariot to the Acropolis ! '
Cp. Thuc. 2. 15 KaXeiTOi rj d/cpunoXts l^-fXP^ TovSe in vtt' 'ABrjvaiajv
iToXis. Pheidippides might have a chance of doing this as a victor at
the Panatbenaea.
1. 71. <|5€\\€cos seems to be a general word for 'rough ground;'
though some write ^tWecos, and describe ^eWtvs as a mountain-district
in Attica. Notice p.ev ouv = ' nay rather.'
1. 72. €VTjjijji€vos {hawTu). So Trap5a\ds tyrififxivovi Av. 1250.
1. 73. iTTTr-epos is, literally, ' a passion for horses,' but it is humor-
ously modelled on the form inr-fpos 'jaundice.' Perhaps we might
render ' horse-pox,' on the analogy of ' chicken-pox.' For Karaxeiv
with gen. in the sense of 'shed over' cp. Horn. 11. 23. 2S2 i\aiov
)(aiTdcov icaTfxevev.
1. 77. TovTOvi, sc. the sleeping Pheidippides.
6o CLOUDS.
1. 82. LSov, 'there you are,' an expression of assent, as inf. 255, 635, 825.
1. 83. TouTOvi, ' yonder.' There must have been a statue or picture
of Poseidon in the room. Poseidon was called ittttios, because, ac-
cording to an old legend, he was the creator of the horse.
1. 84. lAT] |xoi yi, sc. fiVjjy, as inf. 433. Cp. Acharn. 345 fir] fioi -ye
irpucftaatv.
1. 88. €KcrTp€iJ;ov, ' turn off,' like a discarded suit of clothes.
1. 94. 4)povTicrTT|pLov, modelled after SiKacrTrjpiov, kpjaar-q piov , etc.
Translate 'the Reflectory,' like 'refectory,' 'manufactory.' Strepsiades
has brought his son out of the room into the street, where he points
out to him the door of Socrates' school.
1. 96. irviYeOs. A sneer at the physical science of the Ionic philo-
sophers. The sky is compared to a 'muffle,' i.e. a cover put on the
fire to extinguish it ; and, to carry out the notion, men are to be called,
not av0p-toTTOi, but av6p-aK€s, ' coals,' or rather ' young sparks ! ' So
Meton says (Av. looi) a-qp ian Trjv i^iav o\os \ Kara mn-yia fxaXtara,
and a similar verbal jingle occurs in Av. 1546 (speaking of Prometheus)
liovov dewy yap Sid a' d'n-av0paKi2;ojj.ev. Cp. Eur. Cycl. 374 dvOpuinaiv
6epfi dir' dvBpaKOJV Kpta.
1. 98. dpyvpiov. Here Socrates, who fxiaOov ovSiva tirpataro (Diog.
Laert. 2. 27), is unfairly mixed up with sophists like Protagoras or
Gorgias, who charged exorbitant fees for instruction (Xen. Symp. i. 5).
1. 99. Join viKav 8iKaia KaSiKa, ' to win a just or unjust cause.' So
vtKav 'OXvfxma, cp. also inf. 115, 432, 1087, 1211, 1335.
1. loi. Ka\oi T€ KOLYaGoi. He gives the name of 'honest gentlemen'
to these 'minute philosophers,' intending theieby to rank them among
the conservative and aristocratical party in Athens.
1. 104. Xa'.pec|)iov, from the Attic deme of Sphettus, is described as a
cadaverous-looking man (inf. 504), with bushy eyebrows, black hair, and
a squeaking voice, for which reason he had the nickname of vvKnpis, or
'bat.' His excitability and enthusiasm is noticed in Plato, Apol. 21
a (TiJioSpos e<p' 6 Ti 6piJ.r]aeie.
1. 107. crxac7d|j,«vos, lit. 'having cut,' and so, 'having cut short' or
'put a stop to.' Cp. KwTtav ffxafoi' Pind. Pyth. 10. 51.
1. 108. ouK dv, sc. TovTo TToioirjv. Pheasants, like peacocks, were in
great request among the wealthy men of Athens.
1. 112. eivai Trap' airois. It is unfair to represent Socrates as
'keeping on the premises' the worse and the better argument. It was
the sophist Protagoras who professed rbv tjttoj Xuyov Kpe'iTTex: iroieiv
(Arist. Rhet. 2. 24) ; and Cicero mentions (Brut. 8. 30) Gorgias,
Thrasymachus, Prodicus, and Hippias, as claiming to be able to do
the same.
1. 113. oo-Tis to-Ti, ' quisquis is est.' The words may have a sceptical
NOTES. LINES 8 2- 1 4 5. 6 1
tone about them, as if the KpuTjoiv \uyos has become obsolete and
' improved off the earth,' like the ancient gods. Aristophanes may be
parodying, the phrase of Aeschylus (Agamemnon 160) Zfvy, oans wot'
eari, but more likely he means to represent the dulness of Slrepsiades,
speaking of the ' better what's-his-name.'
1. 120. SiaKeKvaicrjAevos, lit. 'with my colour all scraped off;' and
so, no longer looking healthy but cadaverous {(hxpi-Siv sup. 103).
1. 121. t5€i, 'shalt eat' (haOioJ). The Jvyios, or 'wheeler,' is distin-
guished from the anpatpupos (inf. 1300). For crafi«j>6pas see sup. 23.
Megacles was too thorough a patron of racing to be willing to see his
nephew left without a horse.
1. 124. Oeios is accurately here 'great uncle ;' see sup. 46. In saying
€icr€ifxi, PheidijDpides threatens to go back into the house, which he
had left when his father took him into the street to show him the
* Reflectory,' sup. 92.
1, 126. ireo-tbv Y*. Strepsiades has 'had a knock-down blow,' in this
refusal of his son, but instead of lying prostrate he will go and 'get
taught for himself.'
1. 131. Ti Tavra CTTpaYYeuojxai ; 'why am I thus loitering?' txuiv
expresses 'persistent action,' as we say, 'to keep loitering;' as inf.
509, or Ti iTJTa diaTpi^as «X'<"' 5 Eccles. I151: e'x*'' <l>^vapiis Plato,
Euthyd. 295 c.
1. 134. KiKV)vv60«v, ' from KiKvwa,^ a deme of the Acamantid tribe.
1- '37- <^Tl^i.pX«Kas {dfjL^Kooj), 'hast caused to miscarry.' The phrase
has a comic reference to Socrates, who used to boast that he was the
son of a notable midwife {/xaia) Phaenarete ; and that in teaching
young men to bring out their power of thinking, he was practising his
mother's art ; ^aiEvecrOaC /x€ 6 6(us dvajud^u, "ytwdv Si drreKoiXvofv
Plat. Theaet. 150 c.
1. \^S. TT].\oi) Yap OLKu, 'my home is far away in the country;' twv
oYpiv, local genitive. He had been forced to sojourn in the city because
of the war in Attica, cp. Thuc. 2. 52.
1. 145. The notion of measuring the distance of a flea's leap by so
many times the length of its own foot has an allusion to the celebrated
dictum of Protagoras, irdi'Taiv /xirpov dvBpojnos. This saying represented
every one as ' a law to himself,' and denied any fixed principle of truth.
Here the flea supplies its own scale for measurement. Perhaps the
joke is maintained in only assigning 'two feet' (v. 150) to the flea, as if
it were a 'human biped.' The process is ridiculously mysterious, for,
after these ' yellow slippers ' of bee's- wax have formed round the feet of
the creature ' when it has cooled down,' we may ask how they were
taken off, and what the x<^pi°v is that was measured, and how the
slippers made the measurement easier.
6% CLOUDS.
1. 158. €|iiTi5as. The next subtlety was the decision as to which
end of the gnat produced the hum. It was caused by the violent passage
of the air ' right for the vent ' {ivOv tov opponvyiov) ; the gnat being a
sort of animated trumpet, namely, a long straight tube expanding at the
farther end into a wide orifice, like the kwSojv at the end of the adKwiy^.
The order of the words is tov irpcoKTOv irpoaKeiixevov koiXov (' being
attached as a hollow ') irpos cttcvco, t|X«iv.
1. 165. 8i€VTep€u[iaTOS. He congratulates him for his ' power of
examining the ivrepov ' of the gnat. The word is a comic parody upon
SiepeiivTjua, from SiepevvaaOai, 'investigate;' transl. ' his insight inside.'
1. 166. (jjcvywv, ' as defendant ; ' the prosecutor was said SiwKfiv, as,
in Scotch legal phraseology, the prosecutor is called the ' pursuer.'
1. 170. This account of Socrates bespattered by a lizard as he was
star-gazing is probably modelled on the story of Thales's fall into a
well while similarly engaged, Plato, Theaet. 1 74 a. Socrates is unfairly
reckoned among the students of astronomy ; a science to which he con-
fessedly gave no attention. Cf. Xen. Mem. 4. 7. § 6 oKous Se tuv ovpa-
viwv, jf iKaara 6 Oe<js iXT]-)(avaTai, (ppovriffTTjV yiyvtaOai dTrtTpeirev.
1. 174. tJo-Otjv, 'I like the notion of.' The aorist of the instantaneoug ^^
expression of feeling like kirrjvecra, KaXSis gAe^as, etc. j/-' - " f^, ,. - A"
1. 179. Ou|idTLov. This conjecture of Hermann for the reading of
the MSS. 6oif/.aTiov restores good sense to the passage. Socrates is
supposed to be standing in the wrestling school, close by the altar of
Hermes kvayuvios. He spreads a thin coating of ashes over the altar,
or perhaps the 'carving board' (Tpairtia), with the avowed intention of
exhibiting some geometrical problem. For this purpose he takes a
skewer (opcXio-Kos), and 'having bent it in the middle, and having so
got a pair of compasses, he steals away a bit of sacrificial meat.'
That is, while he is flourishing his extemporised compasses and every-
body's eyes are fixed upon his right hand, he slily conveys away a piece
of meat with the other. The reading OolixaTiov, ' the cloak,' seems
impossible to explain; for the theft of a cloak in the presence of
bystanders could not easily be managed, nor would it suit with Setirvov
and Td\<|)iTa, sup.
1. 180. €K€tvov, 'that notable' Thales ; so exfivrjv, inf. 534.
1. 181. dvwas, 'with despatch,' lit. 'having completed [your work] ;'
see inf. 635; so PorjerjaaTu ris dvvaa^ Ach. 570; vvv ovv dviiaavn
(ppovTiamfiiv Eqq. "]!.
1. 183. (xaeTjTiJ), 'I want to be a disciple.' Similar desideratives
in -lao) are OTparr^yiaoj Xen. Anab. 7. i. 33 ; KXavaiaai Aristoph. Plut.
1099 ; Kopvi3av7iauj Vesp. 8. The interior of the School is exhibited
by means of the eicKvKKrj/m bringing the interior of the building for-
ward upon the stage. In the foreground are various pupils in grotesque
NOTES. LINES 158-218. 6^
attitudes ; placed about the School are sundry philosophical instru-
ments, such as some sort of celestial globe to designate Astronotny, an
abacus to represent Geomcf>y ; while in the background, slung to the
roof in a basket, Socrates is seen engaged in contemplation.
1. 1S6. The ghastly pallor and skinny frames of the fiaOrjTai remind
Strepsiades of the half- starved Lacedaemonian prisoners taken at
Sphacteria (b.c. 425) by Cleon and Demosthenes, Thuc. 4. 27-41.
1. 18S. TO, Kara y-fis. The disciples are not looking for ' truffles' as
Strepsiades innocently supposes, but are engaged in ' original research,'
in true Socratic style. Cp. Plato, Apol. 19 b 'XaiKpaTrjs dSiKet Kai
vipiifCL^irai ^TjTUV TO. T€ viTo 7^5 Kal ovpavia.
1. 195. eio-iO', i.e. i^iane, addressed to the disciples. Socrates would
not be pleased to find them exposed to the sun and air, for fear they
might lose the philosophic paleness.
1. 203 dvafjieTpeto-Oai means 'to measure,' and 'to apportion.' Strep-
siades gets hold of the latter — the wrong meaning here — and is naturally
delighted at hearing of a science which is ' to apportion ' to his country-
men the whole of the world ; and not merely such ' allotment land '
(kXt]povxikt|) as might be assigned to Athenian citizens in conquered
countries. See Diet. Ant. s. v. Colonia, and cp. Thuc. 3. 50 ; Hdt. 6. 100.
1. 206. ircpCoSos, 'map.' So Aristagoras exhibits to Cleomenes
yoKKiov Trivana iv to) 7^? aTrdcrjjs TTipiohos tvfTiTf^TjTO Kal OaXo.aaa re
iraaa Kal irojapLol -navris Hdt. 5. 49.
1. 208. SiKao-rds. Athens without the law-courts was not to be
recognised, oiiBtv yap aWo Spare TrXfjv Smd^fre Pax 505.
1. 209. d)s toOt'. Supply ireiOeaOai ae Set, ' [you must believe not-
withstanding] since this really is,' etc. Cp. inf. 326, 427, 507.
1. 210. KiKvwfis, nom. plur. from KiKwvevs, 'a man of K'lKwva'
sup. 134.
1. 211. irapaTCTaTai. The disciple next points to Euboea on the
map, ' stretching its long line of coast ' to the east of Attica. But
Strepsiades takes irapaniveiv in its derived sense of ' torture,' and adds,
'yes, it got a pretty good stretching.' For the severe treatment of
Euboea by Pericles, e.g. 445, see Thuc. i. 114.
1. 215. TovTO iravu <})povTi?€T€, 'give this your best consideration.'
Strepsiades, not understanding the scale of the map, is horrified to find
that Sparta is only a few inches distant from Athens, and begs to have
it removed further away.
1. 2 1 8. Kpe^dOpas. The basket in which Socrates swings is intended
to be a parody upon the machine by which the gods were represented
on the stage as descending from heaven.
auTos, emphatic, ' the master himself.' So the common phrase of the
disciples of Pythagoras, avros i<pa.
64 CLOUDS.
1. 220. 10' owTos, ' come you, sir,' addressed to the disciple, who has
however ' no time ' to shout, and returns to his studies.
1. 223. u '()>T|p.€pc. Socrates quite 'assumes the god' in this form of
address to Strepsiades.
1.225. iTepi4>povui has a double meaning; 'to contemplate,' as inf. 741,
and 'to despise,' as TrepKppovowTes avrovs ws bwaTwrepoi Thuc. I. 25.
Tiansl. Socrates, ' I am walking the air and fixing my thoughts down
on the sun.' Strepsiades, ' So then it is from a basket that you look
down upon the gods, if you're obliged to do so ! ' After ci-irep supply
dfi vJTfpcf'poyfiv roiis Oeovs, as in Ran. 76, 77 "'"' "^ 'So(poK\ia irporepoy
ovr EvpmiSov | ixiWeis dvayftv, eiirep 7' iiciiOiv bu a" dyetv ; The jingle
between ■nepicppoveiv and vnepfpovtif may, perhaps, be given by ' con-
temn ' and 'contem-plate.'
1. 229. «t lA-q Kpe(xao-as, sc. fi^rjTovv, 'unless I had made my research
by suspending my thought on high, and blending my intellect with its
kindred atmosphere.' This parodies the saying of Anaximenes, 17 ipvxn
■/j fniijtpa, ai]p ovaa, avyKpuTu rjuds. Anaxagoras too called the soul
dtpoftSris.
1. 232. ov yap dWd, i.e. ov y^p [ovtus oIqv r Ictlv] dW' 17 yrj, 'for
thus we should never effect our purpose, but the eaith attracts power-
fully to itself the moisture of the intellect : and cress has just the same
property.' He means to say, ' you know that the cress has a natural
affinity for water, and drains the moisture away from the surrounding
soil. The earth too has just such a natural affinity and would draw
away all the subtle moisture from the human intellect, leaving it dry
and sterile. Therefore we rise above the earth to keep our intellect
from being sucked dry.' No wonder that Strepsiades made a muddle
of all this, and asked if ' the intellect attracts moisture to the cress 1 '
1. 237. u)S e|Ji€, ' to me.'
1. 240. xpTloT'^v (xpijCTTjjs). Notice the paro.\)tone accent, distinguish-
ing it from XPV'^''''^^' S^'^- o^ XPl^'^^^-
1. 241. aYop,ai, (j)«'po|j,ai. So joined in Eur. Troad. 1310. The first
word implies, properly, the removal of a man's live stock ; the second,
of his goods. ' I'm being cleared out and plundered and having my
goods seized for debt.' The accus. xpTi|JiaTa is used with the passive
verb as in sup. 169 yvw/i-qv dcpypeerj.
1. 244. SeivTi 4)aY€iv, ' terribly consuming.' See sup. 74.
1. 246. irpaTTT) (2nd pers.), ' you exact ;' so with double accusative, as
IwKpcnrjS roi/s tavrou knidvixovvras oiiK lirpaTTiTO XP^I^^°- ^^°- 1°^"^
op.ovp.ai Totis 6€ovis.
1. 248. votxiajji' ouK lo-Ti, 'don't pass current;' v6p.io-(Aa, cp. voniC,uv
Biovs, stands for any established belief or institution : Strepsiades limits
it to the narrower meaning of ' current coin."
NOTES. LINES 220-275- 65
T^ [ = T(Vt] Y^p op.vvTe. The verb onvvvai is regularly followed by the
accus. of the thing sworn by. Perhaps the words of Strepsiades are
designedly muddled, while he is ringing the changes on ri -yap ofivvre ;
and Tivt XPV'^^^ vo^iiafian ; Byzantium being a Doric colony, the word
aiSapfoiaiv is quoted in the native dialect.
1. 251. €iir€p €0-Ti Ye, ' if indeed it is possible.'
1. 254. aKijiTToSa, ' pallet-bed,' a surprise for rpinoSa, the sacred
tripod of the Pythian priestess.
1. 257. oiTa)S jxT) 6v<reT6, 'mind you don't sacrifice me like Athamas.'
WTien Strepsiades found himself seated on the aKifxirovs, crowned like a
victim for sacrifice, and going to be introduced to the Ne^fXai, it is no
wonder that he remembered the story of Athamas, who had married
Nephele, and had come to terrible misfortune. Athamas had been
unfaithful to his wife, and sought to slay Phrixus his son by her ; for
which he was condemned to be sacrificed to Zeus, and was only rescued
by Heracles as he was actually standing at the altar.
1. 261. €x' a-Tp€|X€i. Socrates has promised him that he shall become
'subtle as fine meal' at talking, and, as it were, suiting the action to the
word, he dredges him liberally with fiour, as though pouring the ovXoxvTai
over a victim's head. At this Strepsiades winces, and cries out, ' certainly
you mean to be as good as your word ; for if I am dredged like this I
shall actually turn into meal.'
1. 264. |j.€T€copov, predicative with ex^^s, 'that boldest suspended.'
Socrates is assuming the tone and style of a hierophant.
1. 267. TovTi iTTu^cofiai, 'before I fold this [sc. my cloak] across
me.' He thinks if the Clouds are coming, rain must come with them.
1. 268. TO 8e . . eXOetv, 'to think that I came from home without so
much as a cap on !' For this use cp. to 8e (it) nara^ai a' f^fKcyxOivT
dvTiKpvs Ran. 741, so Av. 5, Vesp. 835.
1. 269. Tw8' €15 «iri8€i|iv, ' to display yourselves before this man.'
Socrates calls the Clouds from all the quarters of heaven, for Olympus
reckons as north of Athens ; the gardens of father Oceanus, where live
the Hesperid nymphs, lie far west ; the mouths of the Nile to the south ;
while the sea of Azov and the promontory of Mimas (on the Ionian
coast, opposite Chios) represent the east.
1. 271. Nv(i.<|)ais, 'for the nymphs,' i.e. in their honour.
1. 272. eir' dpa, 'or whether at the outfall of the Nile ye are drawing
up his waters [tiSdruv, partitive genitive] in golden pitchers.'
1. 275. Thunder is heard behind the scenes, and then the song of the
Clouds, who do not actually appear on the stage before inf 328. They
are represented as rising from the ocean to the top of the wooded
heights, from which they see the whole landscape spread before them.
The horizon is bounded by lofty peaks, and in the mid-distance are
66 CLOUDS.
fruitful plains, through which rivers run murmuring to the sea. In
the Antistrophe (vv. 299-313) the Clouds propose to visit the land of
Attica.
1. 276. Join (Jjavspal . . <J)vo-lv, 'making display of our dewy, mobile,
nature.' €ud-yT)Tov seems to be the Doric form (cp. Spoafpav) of ev-qyi]-
rov {■^yeiaOai), lit. ' easily drawn.'
1. 28 2. KapiroVis t' dp8op,evav, lit. ' that has her fruits watered.' No
other use of apStaOai in a middle sense being found, many editions follow
the reading Kapnovs t dpSo/j.ivav 6', i.e. 'and the fruits, and the well-
watered sacred soil.'
1. 285. 6\i\i.a ai9«pos, sc. the sun. The meaning is, 'it is high time
to be moving, as the sun is up.'
1. 289. I8«as, gen. after d-irocr€Lcra(ji€vai, used here of bodily form, as
in Plat. Protag. 315 e {'AyaOwv) ttjv IStav rrari; Ka\us. It will be
noticed that the language of this song of the Clouds, an evident imi-
tation of some familiar form of sacred poetry, is overlaid with epithets,
and repetitions of words.
1. 295. Join Seiiv crp,-tivos, 'a swarm of deities,' like l<r^os yvvaiKwv,
Lysist. 353. 'AoiSais (if the reading be correct) must mean 'with
singing.'
1. 296. ot) p,Tj crKco4;€is, lit. ' wilt thou not not-jeer ?' etc. Translate
' Refrain from jeering, and from doing what those scurvy burlesquers do.'
TpuYo8aip,ov6S is a sort of concentrated comic form, from rpv^, the wine-
lees with which the players' faces were stained in the early days of
comedy, while the whole form of the word has an echo oi naKodaipioves.
1. 300. Xiirapdv, ' splendid ;' lit. ' shining,' ' sleek.' This favourite
epithet of Athens was first used by Pindar, and Lecame so hackneyed
as to form a frequent butt for the wit of comic poets. Aristophanes
(Ach. 639) declares that it suits 'sardines in oil,' better than his city.
1. 302. ov aepas, 'where reverence is paid to unutterable mysteries,
where the temple [of Demeter and Cora at Eleusis] that receives the
initiated opens wide its gates (so -nvXas avabuKvivai Soph. El. 145S)
at the holy rites ; and where there are,' etc.
1. 307. irpocroSoi, ' processions,' as in Pax 397, and Xen. Anab. 6,
I. (5, 9). Such processions were seen at the Panathenaea.
1. 311. Bpo^iia X'ip'-s. The 'festivity of Bromios at the incoming of
spring 'is the 'great' or 'city' Dionysia, the celebration of which began
on the 9th of Elaphebolion ; i.e. towards the end of March.
1. 312. £p«0icr(xaTa, 'provocatives.' Critias is said to have called
Anacreon avfinoaiaiv ipi6tap.a.
1. 316. dpYois, 'lazy,' comes in at the end of the line as a surprise,
where some word like (vatliTjs or ayvos might have been expected.
1. 318. The moral value of the gifts degenerates as the list proceeds.
NOTES. LINES 276-332. 67
* Sententiousness and logic and intellect' are very well; but 'humbug
and circumlocution and bamboozling and over-mastering ' are of a more
doubtful character. Phaeax (Eqq. 1377 foil.) is called yvwfj.oTvmicus nat
(TacpTjs, Kal KpovcTTiKos, I KaTaXij-rrTiKos t' dpiara tov Oopv^rjTiicov, 'sen-
tentious and intelligible and bamboozling, and masterful over the noisy
mob.' The words have a sort of semi-philosophical colouring.
1. 319. TavT* apa, 'therefore it is that;' in fuller form, viz. dta ravr'
dpa, Av. 486. See inf. 335, 353.
1.320. Ka-irvov. A regular word for what is ' unsubstantial,' joined
with (pXvapia, Plato, Kep. 9. 581 d. Cp. Kairvov amd, Soph. Ant. 1 1 70.
1. 321. Y^'^H''-^''?' 'and having pricked wit with a witticism to
counterargue the opponent's argument.' In other words, he wants to
figure as one of the ' dialectici qui ipsi se compungunt suis acuminibus '
Cic. Orat. 2. 38, 158.
1. 323. ndpvT)6a. The theatre being open to the sky, Socrates was
able to direct the gaze of Strepsiades towards ISIount Fames, on the
Boeotian frontier, and to pretend that the Clouds were to be seen
'coming softly down' the hill side, 'trailing aslant through the hollows
and the thickets,' on their way to the theatre. It may be doubted
whether Fames was actually visible to the spectators. Probably the
Acropolis hid the view. Now they have come ' close to the entrance '
(irapd TTjv tto-oSov), the regular door by which the chorus trooped in
upon the stage ; and at last Strepsiades sees them — as they come in faster
and faster, and he hails them with reverent words.
1. 331. ou Yap ^d AC, i.e. ['yes, no doubt you did,] for, verily, you
don't know that it is they who.' The word cro^Mcrrris originally implied
no dispraise, but merely meant ' a man of M-isdom and skill.' Orpheus
is so called, (Eur. Rhes. 924) ; and Herodotus gives the name to
the Seven Sages (i. 29), and to Pythagoras (4. 95). The word first
began to suggest the idea of dishonesty or immorality when applied to
paid teachers of logic and rhetoric. Cp. Xen. Mem. i. 6, 13 -rriv
ao(piav roiis apyvpiov Tui ^ovXop.ivw TiwXovi'Tas <ro(j)icrTds diroicaXovaiV.
It seemed indecorous to make merchandise of true wisdom, and there
was a suspicion that the article so offered for sale was itself a sham.
1. 332. 6ovpiojji,.ivTets. In ' Thurian prophets' there is a sneer at
the Athenian soothsayer Lampon, who had worked himself into high
favour, and had been appointed to conduct a colony to Thurii, 444 b. c.
The ' medicine-men ' probably allude to Hippocrates and Herodicus,
who may be supposed to have given themselves airs on the strength
of their medical skill. Plato, Rep. 405, speaks with something of
contempt of the KOfj.\pol 'AanXtjindSai of his day, and complains that
Herodicus introduced the system of doctoring invalids who had better
have been left to the chances of nature. The 'idle fops (dp-^o-KOfi-^-
r 2
68 CLOUDS.
raj) have signet rings and fine trimmed nails,' or, as others say, 'rings
right up to the nails,' or ' rings set with onyxes.' ' The song-twisters of
cyclic choruses ' are the ' dithyrambic poets of the day.' The dithy-
rambic choruses stood or danced ' in a ring ' round the altar of
Bacchus; the tragic choruses were arranged in a square {rfTpa-yaivot).
They are all lumped together as 'astrological quacks,' perhaps with
special allusion to the astronomical studies of Anaxagoras and Hippias
of Elis, and the mathematics of Melon, who is made to say (Av. 995)
yfwiJ.eTprj(7ai PovXa/xai ruv depa.
1. 334, Join Poo-Koua' dpYotis, ' keep in idleness, because they write
poetry about them.'
1- 335- Tavr' apa, see sup. 319, 'Therefore it was that they kept
celebrating in poetry.' The dithyrambic poets used such fine similes
and synonyms to describe shapes and movements of the Clouds.
1. 337. eir' depias, SitpAs, 'next they described them as [sc. vfcpiXas
fiToiovv] atmospheric, liquid ; as air-floating birds with hooked talons.'
There seems something wrong about this pair of epithets, slipped in
between nouns substantive. Reisig would omit the commas and read
dfpias Siepas, ' of the moist atmosphere.' The fem. adj. dfpia may be
used as a substantive, as in Homer vyprj, (tfvpir}, ijoi-q, etc. Notice the
Doric dialect in these dithyrambic specimens, as e. g. tKaTOYK€<j>dXa for
tKaToyK((pdKov.
1. 338. d\T aviTwv, ' in recompense for these [compliments] they
gulped down slices of fine big conger, and bird-flesh of thrushes.' Soc.
'Well but wasn't it all very deservedly [enjoyed] because of [their
praise of J these goddess-Clouds ? ' These dainties would be enjoyed by
the dithyrambic poets at the table of the Choragus, while the chorus
was training.
1. 340. Tt iraOovo-ai means properly ' under what pressure ? ' referring
to external influences. The contrasted phrase ti jtaOwv, inf. 402, im-
plies 'on what inducement?' 'what made you think of doing it?'
The former might be rendered ' qtia de caussa ;' the latter ' qua de
radone'
1. 341. £i|a<n, a form of the 3rd pers. plur. o( toiita, found here and
in ver. 343, Av. 96, 3S3, Eur. Hel. 497, I. A. 848. We may suppose
that the Chorus wore loose and floating drai>ery and female masks with
long noses {pivas 344) : this astonishes Strepsiades, who says, ' yonder
clouds,' £K6ivai y' [sc. in the sky visible over his head], ' are not like that.'
1. 347. KevTavpw. Porson compares Shakespeare, Hamlet, 3. 2 ;
Antony and Cleopatra, 4. 12,
1. 348, ■y^Y^"^''''''''' '"■dvO' o Ti, 'they turn into anything they please.'
Cp. Homer, Od. 4. 17, of the transformation of Proteus, irdvTa S^
YiY^oF*^°s niiprjaiTai, Notice the curious combination of irdvO' tu
NOTES. LINES 334-37 1. 69
instead of irav o ti, comparing Eur. Ion 233 iravTa 6eaa6' o ri nal 9fixis
Ofi/Jiafft.
1. 349. dypiov Tiva, 'a bnital specimen of those shaggy fellows.' The
son of Xenophantes is Hieronymus the dithyrambic poet, of whom the
Schol. says, (Kajfj.a>5€iTo ws wdw KOfxcbv, the wearing of long hair being
considered at Athens a mark of conceit and haughtiness in grown men.
By fiavtav is meant ' lewdness ;' specially characteristic of the Centaurs.
■gKaaav, aor. of custom.
1. 351. 2i|jiuva (reckoned along with KXdivvixos among the tmopKoi
inf. 399) is called by the Schol. ' a sophist ;' and Eupolis accuses him
of downright theft, If 'UpanXfias dpyvptov v<p(i\eTO.
1- 353- TaOx' apa. See sup. 319. KXtojvvjios, 'the Falstaff of
Aristophanes,' is as fat and as cowardly as that hero. He tried to
shirk military service (Eqq. 1369 foil.), and, when in the field, he fled
'relicta non bene parmula' (pivj/acnris). Cp. Vesp. 19, foil., Av. 1473.
In Vesp. 592 he is called KoXaKdivv^xos dantSaPoXrjs.
1. 354. cXa<|>oi, sc. the ' timidi dammae cervique fugaces.'
1. 355. KX€icr0«vT]s 6 SiPvprCov is represented as smooth-faced as an
eastern Eunuch, Acham. 118. His effeminacy is a constant butt of Ari-
stophanes, who sometimes gives his name a feminine termination, sc.
KKuffOh/T] Thesm. 763.
1. 3S07 tiirep TLvl KaXXcp . . Kajioi, ' if ye have ever done it for anyone
else . . . utter also for me,' etc. The expression ptj^axe ^u>vf\v, 'give
vent to your voice,' occurs in Hdt. i. 85 ; cp. Eur. Suppl. 710 tpprj^e 5'
avdrjv, and Virgil, Aen. 2. 129 ' rumpit vocem.'
1. 361. Prodicus of Ceos, who is numbered here among the tran-
scendental philosophers ((JL€T€topoo-o<j)iaTQi), was known for an etymo-
logical treatise irepl opOor-qTos bvonaTojv, his pedantic accuracy in which
respect is often playfully alluded to in Plato's dialogues. From his
treatise called "^flpai comes the famous story of the ' Choice of Heracles,'
Xen. Mem. 2. i. 21 foil. He is said to have charged extortionate
fees to his pupils (Cratyl 884 b), and Socrates laughingly says that he
often hands over to the training of Prodicus those of his hearers
'who are so barren as never to be pregnant with a thought of their
own' (Theaet. 151 b).
1. 362. PpevOuei. This description of the 'lofty gait' and 'sidelong
glances ' of Socrates is pleasantly reproduced by Alcibiades in Plato's
Symp. 221 b. Cp. also Phaedo 117 b 6 Sw/fparjjs . . uanep dwOfi rav-
p-qZbv iinofiXi'ipas irpos rbv dvOpcvvov.
1. 363. Ka,«j)' y\\Liv, 'and relying on us;' cp. Acharn. 330 t] 'irl rai
Opaffwerat ;
1. 370- ijovra, sc. rbv Aia.
1. 371. alOpias, so Kov^a Ach. 18; ahfa Eccles. 663; 'in fine
70 CLOUDS.
weather ;' a genitive expressing point of time, as vvktus, xf'l^vos, and
inf. 721, (ppovpds. For the sentiment cp. Lucr. 6. 400 'dcnique cur
nunquam caelo iacit undique puro lupiter in terras fulmen ?' raviTas S'
diro5iip,€iv, under the government of xpfjv, 'and that these [Clouds]
should be far away.'
1. 372. -irpo(r€<{)uo-as, 'this [illustration] you have admirably adapted
I to your present argument.' irpoafpiieiv, lit. ' to make to grow to,' cp.
* Aesch. Suppl. 276 Kal TavT d\T]dfj -navra irpoatphao} X6-y<u.
1. 375. u> irdivTa crv toXjawv, he means, 'you man of reckless daring,'
as in Soph. O. C. 761. Strepsiades is shocked at the rationalism of
Socrates.
1. 376. <j)€p60-9ai, 'to sweep along.'
1. 377- KaTaKpT][jivdixevai, 'hanging downwards,' from KaTaicprjfjivafiai,
another form of Kpifiapiai. So of the grapes hanging from a vine, Kan-
Kp-qpLvwvTo Se TToWaX ^orpvis Hymn Horn. 'J. 39. dvdYKTj was used by
the physical philosophers of the day to express what we now call
'natural laws,' such as 'gravitation;' Democritus affrming that wavTa
Kar dvayKfji/ yiyviaOai. The views enunciated by Socrates are like
those of Anaxagoras who called ' thunder ' avyKpovais V€<pwv, and
'lightning' iKTpiipis vi^Sjv. C p. also Lucret. 6.96 'tonitru quatiuntur
caerula caeli, | propterea quia concurrunt sublime volantes | aetheriae
nubes contra pugnantibus vcntis.'
1. 380. 81VOS. This 'aetherial whirl' must not be identified with
the ' vortex ' theory of Democritus, which represented the impalpable
atoms as setting to various centres, and thus creating all sensible
objects. Aristophanes stems rather to allude to the 'rotation of the
heavens,' ovpavov (popav (or Sivrjv), which (according to Empedocles)
regulated the motion of the earth. This notion had been popularized
by Euripides, who speaks of ovpaviai ^Tvai vi<peXas dpopiaiov Alcest. 244;
and aWepios pvpL^os ('rotation') in Frag. Pirith. 2. Aristophanes
prefers the rarer masculine form ^Tvos, from its resemblance to Aioy, and
from its sounding more like a proper name. Cp. Lucret. 5. 622 'cum
caeli turbine ferri.' The Scholiast says that Strepsiades understands
here another meaning of tlvos, viz. 'a round-bellied pitcher or pot;'
which falls in with the interpretation of the word inf 1473.
1. 381. 6 ZeiJs ouK wv, 'the fact of Zeus being non-existent,' in
apposition to toviti.
1. 3(^5. TO = TiV(, sc. 'quo argumento,' as tZ tovto Kplvas; Plut. 48;
Transl. 'How may one be convinced of this?'
1. 386. diTo cravTov, ' by an illustration from yourself
1. 388. Seivd TTOiei y euOvs jioi, 'it (sc. 77 faaTTjp) at once lets me
know (|Aoi) its distress and disturbance.' So Thuc. 5. 42 'A.drjvaioi
S£ivd tiroioviv {indignabantiir) yo/xi^ovTes ddiictTadai.
NOTES. LINES 372-408. 7 1
1. 3S9. fcop,i8iov, 'the drop of broth ;' the diminutive intensifying by
contrast the loudness of the noise produced.
1. 390. tirayti, sc. )? -yaaTTjp, 'subjungit.'
1. 396. Kal KaTa<J)puYei. The antithesis is loosely put. It would
be more clearly expressed tovs (xiv Karaippvyei, tovs Se irepiipXiiei, ' some
of us it burns to ashes, and others, that survive, it singes.'
1. 399. Kpovia are ' old-world notions,' belonging to the primaeval
times of Cronus. PeKKecrtX-rive is modelled on the word wpocreKrjvos,
'pre-lunar,' an epithet chosen for themselves by the Arcadians to express
their early origin. The prefix /Se/c/ce- recalls the experiment of Psamme-
tichus II (Hdt. 2. 2), who shut two babies up with a she-goat, and
waited to hear their first utterances, expecting thereby to learn what
was the primitive language. Their first cry was I3(k (imitating the
bleat of their foster-mother), and the king having learned that /3f/coj
was the Phrygian word for bread, felt that he had established a science
of Comparative Philology. The whole word may be rendered ' ante-
diluvian.'
1. 400. 06copos, a different character to the one mentioned in Eqq.
608, is described as a flatterer Vesp. 42 foil., ib. 418 @(wpov 6iOLffe\6pia.
His perjury is probably in connection with his embassy to Sitalces,
Ach. 134 foil.
1. 401. 'AOt)V€&)v, quoted in Homeric dialect, from Od. 3. 278. Cp.
Lucret. 6, 417 ' postremo cur sancta deum delubra suasque | disculit
infesto praeclaras fulmine sedes? . . . . | altaque cur plerumque petit
loca plurimaque eius | montibus in summis vestigia cernimus ignis ?' and
ib. 387 ' quodsi luppiter atque alii divi . . . iaciunt ignem, cur quibus
incautum scelus aversabile cumquest | non faciunt icti flammas ut
fulguris halent? '
1. 402. Ti [iaOtov ; see on sup. 340. Some MSS. read tj naBuv here.
1. 404. avejACs. Cp. Lucret. 6. 124 foil. ' cum subito validi venti conlecta
procella | nubibus intorsit sese conclusaque ibidem | turbine versanti
magis ac magis undique nubem | cogit uti fiat spisso cava corpore circum,
I post, ubi conminuit vis eius et impetus acer, | tum perterricrepo sonitu
dat scissa fragorem ;' ib. 276 foil. ' insinuatus ibi vortex versatur in arte,
1 et calidis acuit fulmen fornacibus intus ; | nam duplici ratione accen-
ditur; ipse sua cum | mobilitate calescit, et e contagibus ignis.'
1. 406. TTVKvoTTjTa is, thcn, the ' compression ' of this wind which
has swollen the cloud.
1.408. dTexv'is = ' exactly;' distinguished in meaning from drf xi'fi'J,
paroxytone. The Aidcria is described by Thucydides {i. 126) as Alus
ioprfi MdKixiov fifyiarrj, e^cv t^s Tru\(cos, ev ■p navSrjpel Ovovai, woWot
oitx lepftcL, dWa Ovjxara ernxdipia, these Ov^ara generally being cakes
or biscuits in the form of animals. Comparing inf. S64 we see the
72 CLOUDS.
Aiaffia was kept as a sort of fair, where toys were bought for the
children.
1. 409. cjiTTtov (uitTaw), ' I was roasting a haggis for my kinsmen, and
in my carelessness I did not slit it (ta^oiv, imperf. from ffxacu, a collateral
form of crxaC'^).' This 'haggis' was a sheep's paunch filled with minced
liver, fat, etc. : in roasting it a slit or hole had to be made in it, as a vent
for the confined air. A similar haggis is described in Odyssey 20. 24 foil.
1. 414. TO TaXaCiTcopov. This list of virtues that the Chorus com-
mends to Strepsiades represents just those that his contemporaries
assigned to Socrates, d<ppo5iataiv Kal yaarpbs itavTojv avOpwncuv ij/cpaTe-
araTos yv, efra irpus x^'-l^'^^^ ''"' Oipos ical iravras -nvvovs KapTipiKu-
TOToy Xen. Mem. i. 2, i ; so Plato. Symp. 220 a, b. Here dvoT|T&)v
is parallel to the d(ppo5iaiaiv in Xenophon ; cp. Eur. Troad. 989 to,
fiojpd yap TTavT iarlv 'AcppoUTT] ^porois. But Socrates could hardly have
been thought of as -yvjAvao-itov dirext^v, which fact suggests the possibility
that the true reading is preserved in the quotation of the lines by Diog.
Laert. 2. 5, 27 o'lvov t a-nex^i- Kd.8T]4>aYias, 'and gluttony.'
1. 419. TrpaTTcov refers to ' political action,' as its connection with
PoxiXevcdv and xq "yXcoTTT) iroXeniJcov further shows.
1. 420. €'v€K€v -ye. Strepsiades is ready to guarantee all these re-
quirements, saying gaily, ' Well, as far as a stubborn heart goes, be quite
at ease : I can cheerfully offer myself in those respects [as an anvil for
one] to hammer on.' For Trapkyjoi^' dv without the reflexive (p-avrov
cp. Soph. Aj. 1 146 iraTfTv irapeixe toj OeXovri vavTiKaiv.
1. 423. dXXo Ti Zr\T' oi vo[j.i€ts, ' in full,' dWo n drJTa [Troiricrtis ff] oii-
vopieTs, lit. ' will you do anything else than refuse to believe?' In Plato
this elliptic use of dWo n has passed into a regular formula with the
sense of ' nonne' as dWo ti 6p.oKoyoi dv = ' nonne confitebitur ?' Symp.
200 d. Transl. here ' will you not refuse to believe?'
1. 425. otiS' dv diravTcjv (diravTaw), 'I wouldn't do it even if I met
them, [much less would I seek their company].'
1. 427. o Ti croi Sp(op.Ev, conjunctive, ' what we are to do for thee.'
1. 430. iKardv o-TaSioio-iv, ' to be best of all the Greeks in oratory by
a hundred furlongs.' A similar hyperbole occurs in Kan. 91 EvpiiriSov
■nKeiv J] aTaS'tqj XaXiarfpa.
1. 432. «v Tw 8ri|jicp, 'in the public assembly,' sc. the eHHXrjaia. Cp.
Plato, Euthyd. 284 b at prjTOpfs orav Xiycxiatv kv tw SrjpLoi. Translate
Yvuipias vLKTio-ei, here (and in Vesp. 594) ' shalt carry resolutions.' See
note on sup. 99, and cp. Plato, Gorg. 456 a ol viKuivm rds yvwfxas
irtpl TOVTOJV.
1. 433. (iT| (Aoi Y«. SC. (ivTjTf, to which Xt^eiv is object, ' don't talk to
me of my moving important resolutions.' So /07 p.01 sup. 84; Vesp.
J 1 79 /iTj jxo'i yf fivdovs.
NOTES. LINES 409-466. 73
1. 434. 8<ra, 'only so much as to,' like Lat. 'tanttim.' Cp.oiiSivdp'fuov
jiikov oaov 5« fiuvov el5iyai Vesp. 128S. tfiavTco, 'in my own interest.'
1. 436. irpoTToXoLo-u, ' our attendants,' sc. Socrates and his followers.
i. 437. KoiT-iraTuis, see sup. 23.
1. 438. xp^o'^'^v (ist aor. imperat.), 'let them deal with me just as
they please, I hand over this body of mine to them for beating, for
hunger, thirst, squalor, cold, for flaying into a wine-bottle.' Cp. Eqq.
370 S(pa) ae OvkaKov icXonrjs, ' I'll flay you into a bag for stolen goods.'
Grammatically, the subject of TinrTeiv and Seipciv is vfxas ; and i/it the
subject of the other infinitives, piyi^v, as in Ach. 1146 ; Av. 935 ; Vesp.
446, the Attic form of infin. for the common form piyoviv.
1. 448. KvpPis, 'a walking statute-book,' 'a corpus iuris.'' The
Kvp^ds were triangular pyramids of wood revolving on a pivot, whereon
were written the laws of Solon. Cp. Av. 1354 (aTlv f]ixiv roiaiv opviaiv
v6/xoi 1 TToAaioy tv rah twv neXapyaiv Kvppeaiv. rptip-T] is properly ' a
hole,' but from the idea of a hole making its way through anything, it
is used here for a ' sharper.' n,acr9XT)S, ' a supple-jack,' lit. a strap of
soft-dressed leather. "yXoios, 'a slippery knave.' He is to unite in him-
self the two opposite qualities of the el'piov and d\dfa)v, the former
being a 'dissembler,' understating the truth about himself; the latter an
' impostor,' who overstates it. dpyaXeos seems to mean what we call an
' awkward customer.' p-anoXoixos is the MS. reading, an uncertain word,
for which most editions adopt fxaTTvoXoixos, Bentley's emendation from
Athenaeus 14. 663 c, who gives the word narrvT} as a ' dainty dish.'
1. 452. airavTiivTes, i.e. 01 dnavTSji'Tfs, 'they that meet me.'
1.455. €K |iov, i.e. 'made of my flesh;' so Eqq. 372 vepiKOfxpuiT^
('mincemeat') e/c aov OKevaaoj.
1. 457. TtpSe Y€. The Chorus talks admiringly of Strepsiades and
his courage. With the words L'o-9i 0' dis the Choreutes turns to him and
addresses him. Join irap' ejioO . . . e^eis.
1. 461. ireio-ofjiai {■udax'"), 'what will be my case?'
1. 465. apd ye xotiT' dp'. The coincidence of the interro gatival dpg
and the inferential dpa is unusual, but the meaning is simple enough,
'Shall I then ever behold this with my eyes?'
1. 466. Pov\op,evovs, ' wishing to impart their views to you, and to
come to a conference, ready to consult with you about claims and
counterpleas involving many talents, subjects meet for a mind like
yours.' Cf. d^iov yap 'EWdSi Ach. 8 ; tjj iroXei yap d^iov ib. 204. This
rendering makes -rrpdYlAara depend on o-tj|ApovX€tjo-op,€vous, as Thuc.
8. 68 oarts (vfx^ovXivaano ri. Here dvTiYpa4>ai are the demurrers
and objections taken by the defendant to the plaintiffs accusation,
which is especially represented by irpaYfJiaTa. Cp. Vesp. I426 hiKuiv
yap oxj biofx ou5e Trpay/xdraiy,
74 CLOUDS.
1. 476. qW lyxdp^K, ' take in hand ;' addressed to Socrates, irpo-
dihaaKeiv seems to mean, ' to carry on his education,' the preposition
giving the notion of advance from point to point.
1. 479. p,iixcivds. Socrates means 'methods' or 'plans,' but Strep-
siades understands the word to mean ' engines of war,' such as battering-
rams ; fXTjxavas npofffjyov rfj iroXfi Thuc. 2. 76. Perhaps we should
render (i-qxavas, ' ingenuities,' which sounds sufficiently like ' engines *
to suggest the misunderstanding.
1. 4S3. |ji,vt]|jiovi.K6s. Cp. Plato, Rep. 486 D i-mX-qaixova apa ipvx^v
ev rats 'tKavws ilnXoaucpois fj-r/ ttots kyKpivatfiei', dXXci fivrj/jLoviKriv avTfjv
^rjTw/xev 8(iv eivai.
1. 4*^7. Xtyeiv |xev, 'the power of speaking is not in it, but that of
cheating is.' The antithesis seems poor and meaningless. Possibly
there is a feeble joke in tlie contrast of \kyi\.v and aTroffr-epeiv (' speak'),
as though he had said, ' I can't chat, but I can cheat.''
1. 490. vdfapTza.(T(\., 'snap it up;' so irpopdXcofjiai = ' chuck you
something,' both words suggesting the kipvtjSov. Cp. Vesp. gi6 fjv fir] ti
Kafxoi Tij irpn^dXXri tSs kvvL Seei, not Se'j?, 'lest you be actually in need
of a flogging ;' so Eur. Phoen. 93 /X77 ns -aoXnuiv iv rpl^w (pavrd^^rai,
or Plato, Lach. opufiiv ff^ Ni«tas o'Urai ti Xtyttv xal ov Xojov tveica ravra
Xejfi.
1. 495. €iTip.apTt)po|xai, sc. roiis irapovra?, like Lat. an/estor, for fear
that the assailant should deny having given the blow; cp. inf 1222,
1297.
1. 496. dKap'TJ, sc. xpovov, lit. 'an indivisible amount of time,' i.e. 'a
moment' {d-Kiipw),
1. 497. KaTa9ov Ootp.dTiov. The connection seems to be that
Socrates is so well satisfied with the practical wisdom of Strepsiades,
that he is ready instantly to admit him to the (ppovTiarrjpiov, to enter
which he must leave his cloak behind. Strepsiades thinks it is the
preparation for a flogging. See inf. 857, 149S, and 719.
1. 499. <j)a)pdo-a)v, ' to search for stolen goods.' A man with a
search-warrant had to enter the suspected premises unclad, for fear
that he might convey the missing property thither, under his cloak, and
then pretend to have discovered it. Cp. Ran. 1364 'EKura napdtprjvov
Is TXvKTjs, oTTcos av tlafXOovaa (pwpaaoi.
1. 502. Ttp Ttiv p.a0i]Td>v, ' to which of the disciples shall I become
like?' By 4)\jo-tv Socrates means 'character,' while Strepsiades under-
stands it of ' bodily condition,' so that he is reminded of ChacreiDhon's
meagre and ghostlike look. See note on sup. 104.
1. 506. dvuo-as Ti, 'with ^\]lat speed you may;' lit. 'having made
some despatch.'
1. 507. fAcXiTO-UTTav (Attic contraction for paXiTviaaav, as olvovrrav
NOTES. LINES 476-520. 75
Plut. T121 for otvoeaffav), sc. fia^av, 'a sweet-cake,' honey in Greece
being used for all the purposes for which we now employ sugar.
1. 50S. els Tpo4icoviov, sc. dvrpov. This was a natural fissure in the
limestone rocks of Lebadeia in Boeotia, and was celebrated as early as
the time of Croesus (Hdt. i. 46) as one of the most famous Oracles.
Pausanias, who had himself visited the cave, describes (9. .^9, 2-14')
how the enquirer, after a course of lustial washings and sacrifices, and
after drinking of the spring of Oblivion to make him forget his former
thoughts, and of the spring of Remembrance to impress upon him the
coming revelation, descended a ladder, carrying a cake to appease the
serpents and other noisome beasts that haunted the cave. Reaching the
bottom of the shaft he had to creep on hands and knees through a
narrow opening to the actual place of the Oracle. There a sort of
stupor came over him, during which he received such visions as were
vouchsafed him ; at last he woke up from his trance with a splitting
headache, and in such terror that it was months before he could smile
again. No wonder Strepsiades did not like the look of the entrance
into the (ppovTiar-Qptov, if it reminded him of this awful place !
1. 509. ixfov, see sup. 131.
1. 510. The Chorus wishes Strepsiades good luck as his retreating
form disappears down the passage to the Reflectory. Then, whde
the stage is clear of all the actors, the Chorus files forward, and the
leader makes an address to the spectators in the name of the author of
the play. This regular address, which, because it dealt with subjects
unconnected with the plot, was called the ' Digression ' {napaPacns), is
peculiar to the old comedy, but not indispensable, as it is wanting in
the Eccles., Lysistr., and Plutus. It must be remembered that we are
here reading ihe second edition of the 'Clouds ' (see Introduction) ; so that
the failure of which the poet speaks refers to its earlier-and unsuccessful
exhibition. ' I hope,' he says, ' you will receive more graciously my
recast of the play : it is the best I ever wrote. And I think I can
reckon on your good taste, for you took very kindly to my first youthful
essay. My comedy, while full of clever novelties, introduces no obscene
exhibitions on the stage, no coarse jokes, no rude horse-play, no
claptrap, no cruel personalities. Therefore I hope yon will show your
good sense by signifying your warm approval' (vv. 5iS-~62).
1, 519. €K0pei};avTa, i.e. 'his dramatic talent had been fostered by
the theatrical representations at the Dionysia from year to year.'
1. 520. ovTto viKTjo-aifxi, ■ May I win the prize to-day and be reckoned
a clever poet as surely as (ovtco . . . ws), it was in my honest belief {^]yov-
|ji€vos) that you were an audience of shrewd critics (.Se^iovs), and that it
was the most cleverly constructed of all my comedies, that I chose
to give a taste to you, first of all the world, of the play which caused me
76
CLOUDS.
the greatest amount of bother. And after all that (eiTa) I was obliged
to retire, having been worsted by vulgar playwrights, though I never
deserved it. That 's the grievance I have against you, so clever as you
are, you for whom I took all that trouble. But, notwithstanding, I
never will, if I can help it, desert the cause of the shrewd critics among
you.' He is taking credit to himself for having been generous enough
to exhibit the first, and unsuccessful, edition of the ' Clouds ' to the
Athenian people at the great Dionysia in the city (irpwrovs • • vjiSs),
instead of representing it, as he might have done, at the theatre in the
Peiraeus, or at the country Dionysia. And as he had done this with
full confidence in the appreciativeness of his audience, and the intrinsic
value of his play, it was doubly hard to have been beaten, as he was ;
Kratinus winning the first prize with his Uvrwr], ' the flask,' and Ameip-
sias the second with his Kuwos. But he attributes this defeat to the
ignorance of the KpiTai, and not to the clever audience before whom he
played ; and therefore he loyally comes before them again.
1. 528. €^ oTOv, 'from the time when,' answered by €K toijtov,
'thenceforth,' inf. 533. evGdSe, 'here,' i.e. 'in this very theatre.' 6
aoi)<j)pa)v T€ X" KaraiTiiYtov, ' my Modest Man and my Rake (characters
in his early play of the AatraKeTs or 'Banqueters,' 427 b.c.) were most
warmly praised by men with whom it is a pleasure even to speak.' He
means the judges and the spectators who approved the play.
1. 529. Kd-yo), ' and I (for I was still a maid, and it was not right for
me to be a mother yet) exposed my bantling, and another girl took it
and reared it, and you generously nurtured it and educated it. From
that time forth I have from your hands a sure pledge of sound
judgment. So to-day (vvv), like Electra in the play («k€ivt]v), this
comedy of mine has come seeking, if she may chance to meet with
spectators no less clever. For if she do but catch sight of it she will
recognise her brother's curl.' The intention of all this badinage is to
remind the audience of their kind reception accorded to the play of the
AaiTaXfh, which he takes as an earnest of their present approval. He
had been too young in b.c. 427 to enjoy the rights of full citizenship,
and so he could not ask permission to bring his own play on the stage
(Xo/joi/ aiTfiv). So the actor and poet Philonides (irais Ixtpa) had to
take up the poor unacknowledged thing and present it as his own, and
the audience took to it at once with most fatherly affection. What
they had done for the ' Banqueters ' Aristophanes is convinced they will
do for his new comedy, which will instinctively recognise the former
appreciative spectators, just as Electra (in Aesch. Choeph. 164 foil.)
recognises the lock of Orestes' hair hung upon Agamemnon's tomb.
I. 540. KopSax' ei\Kvo-€v, ' danced a Kordax ;' this was an unseemly
dance, accompanied by indecent gestures. Witli ciAkvo-cv expressing
NOTES. LINES 528-556. 77
the 'trailing step' of a slow measure cp. Pax 32S tv tovt'i p.' taaov
1. 541. d<|)avi5ti>v. He brings on the stage no testy old man, stick
in hand, 'drubbing the other actors to conceal the badness of the jokes;'
nor makes the Furies rush torch in hand across the stage, nor introduces
a noisy and shouting (low, lou) procession.
1. 545. ou KOfiw. Probably the poet is making a grotesque allusion
to his ovm premature baldness, as in Pax 769 foil., and playing upon
the double meaning of Ko(xdv, 'to be proud,' and 'to wear long hair.'
One may translate, 'I don't give myself (h)airs.'
1. 549. ji€Yio-Tov ovra, 'at the height of his power,' sc. after his
success at Sphacteria, 425 b.c. The allusion is to the attack he had
made upon 'Cleon in the ' Knights,' which was exhibited in the same
year as Cleon's victory. With YaTTtpa cp. Eqq. 454 -nai aiiruv . . . Kat
•yaarpi^e.
1. 550. KoxiK €T6XnT)cra, 'I wasn't hard enough to jump on him
again when he was down.' K€ip.€v({) is probably equivalent to TfOvrjKuTi,
seeing that Cleon never experienced any political 'downfal,' but died in
422, the year after the exhibition of the ist edition of the 'Clouds.'
This Parabasis, which belongs to the 2nd edition only, must of course have
been later than b.c. 421, as it alludes to the Maricas of Eupolis, which
was brought out in that year. But Aristophanes did not altogether spare
the memory of Cleon, as we see from the ' Wasps ' and the ' Peace,' and
indeed from inf. 581, unless that passage remains unaltered from the
1st edition.
1. 551. oStoi, 'these fellows,' sc. his rival playwrights.
1. 553. Tov MapiKdv Trap€i\Kvcr€v (implying something clumsy and
awkward in the representation) ; ' when he had, like a miserable wretch,
miserably turned inside out my play of the "Knights," having foisted into
his Maricas ('aiTw\ for the sake of the Kordax, a tipsy old woman, whom
Phr)-nicus had long ago made a character of — the old woman whom the
sea-monster was going to eat.' Eupolis had borrowed the general scheme
of the ' Knights ' from Aristophanes ; and in order to ridicule the
mother of Hyperbolus, had plagiarised on Phrynicus' burlesque of the
'Andromeda' or 'Cassiopeia.' We may suppose that the place of the
princess, bound to the rock, was supplied by this drunken hag; who,
probably, ends by dancing a \'ulgar ' break-down,' to express her joy at
being rescued from the monster.
1. 556. €iTOiT)cr€v €S, 'wrote in ridicule of.' Hermippus, a dramatist
of the time of Pericles, had made fun of Hyperbolus and his mother in
his play of 'AfrronajKiSes. By ep€i8ovo-iv he means ' they are ever
bringing all their weight down upon him.' Perhaps, 'peg away at
Hyperbolus.'
78 CLOUDS.
1. 5:^9. TiLv €7xe^«'^v. Cleon is compared (Eqq. 864 foil.) to an eel-
catcher, who stirs up the mud that he may get more fish, oirfp yap 01 rds
kyXff^US Brjpuiiivoi TTtTTOvOas, I urav fxiv j) X'luvrj Karaajri, Kafx^avovcTiv
ovSev, 1 edv 5' dvoj re Kal kcitco tuv PupjSopov Kviccvaiv, | alpovai' Kal ffii
\afjil3duiis ■qv rf)v ttuMv Tapdrrris.
1. 562. €S Tcis upas TcLs Ixepas, lit. ' for the next set of seasons [and
so on to the next],' i.e. 'for all time to come,' as Eur. I. A. 122 Is rds
dWas upas, Theocr. 15. 74 «tis upas Kfj-rrtiTa, Thesmoph. 950 e« tSjv
upwv Is rds ojpas.
1. 563. ■in|;ip.tSovTa. This hymn of invocation by the chorus seems
to ignore the deposition of Zeus and the reign of Dinos.
1. 567. p,oxA.evTTiv, ' upheaver,' referring to Poseidon as hvoaiyaios
and ivoa'ixSojf.
1. 571. l-iriTovcjfjiav, 'charioteer,' as in Eur. Hippol. 1399.
1. 579. i'^oSos, 'military expedition with no sense about it.' The
Clouds could stop proceedings in the fKKKrjaia by letting rain fall,
which reckoned for an evil omen. So Dicaeopolis (Acharn. 169) dW'
dvayopivai p-f) ttoluv iKKK-qaiav . . . SioaTjp.ia 'an, Kai pavh ^i^KrjKi fie.
1. 5S1. €UTa, 'then again, when you were choosing as your general
that accursed Paphlagonian Tanner (Cleon is so called in Eqq. 44),
we knitted our brows, and we made a terrible to-do.' This passage,
unaltered from the ist edition (see Introduction, p. xi.), seems most
naturally to refer to Cleon's first (jTpaTTjyia at Pylos (Thuc. 4. 28);
Aristophanes implies that his success as general there was something
undeserved; the grace of the gods 'giving a turn for the good' (589)
to the folly of the Athenians.
1.583. ppovTT|.. do-Tpa-n"f\s, 'the thunder burst through the rift
cloven by the lightning : ' the words are from the ' Teucer ' of Sopho-
cles. IllXeiire tovs oSovs does not seem here to describe a lunar
eclipse, but only a continuance of bad weather, ' when neither sun nor
stars for many days appeared.'
1. 587. <j)acri -ydp, cp. Eccles. 475 \6yos yt Toi rts tan rSiv ytpairk-
pwv, 1 Off' dv dvurjT rj fJMpa liov\ivaujjj.e6a, | diravr' knl ru PtXnov ripxv
^vpL(pipiiv.
1. 589. xaCra [aIvtoi, explained by tlie following words citt' av, k.t.\.
1.591. r\v KMtova, 'if having convicted Cleon the cormorant of
bribery and peculation you shall then pin his neck in the pdlory."
Cleon is represented in the ' Knights ' (956) as having a signet ring with
the device of Xdpos KiXQVWs (m ntTpas Srjp.Tjyopaii'.
1. 593. ati9is Is rapxaiov, 'coming back once more to the old state
of things, you shall find that, even though you did make a mistake, the
affair shall turn out with the best result for our city:' cp. ■nuQop.ivoiai
b(. dfiuvov awoiaiTai Hdt. 4. 15.
NOTES. LIXES 559-6 15. 79
1. 595. dp.({>i (jioi avPT€ With this reading we must supply ia6i or
rather the Doric tao. 'Be about me, O king!' i. e. vouchsafe thy
presence. But the regular phrase is construed with an accusative, as in
Terpander's opOios v6fj.os, which opens dfi<pi fxoi av9is dvaxO' kicaTr}^6\ov
ddtToi a (pprjv. Similar openings are found to four Homeric hymns ; e. g.
5. 18 dfi(pi fxoi 'Epfieiao <piKov "yovov evvcire /j-ovaa, and Eur. Troad. 51 1
dfxcpi not 'IXiov, w novaa . . aeiaov. On these analogies we might better
read dp.<pL /loi av <re (sc. dZkroj <ppT}v). This regular prelude was so
thoroughly established that the verb ajxtpiavaKTi^iiv was used as an
equivalent for -npooifud^ioOai.
1. 597. in|;iK€paTa -irsTpav, a phrase borrowed from Pindar. The
epithet is a heteroclite accus., the ordinary nominal, being vififctpus, cp.
XpvffoKfpaT' iXa(pov Eur. Hel. 3S2.
1. 599. OLKov, the old temple of Artemis in Ephesus, built by Chersi-
phron of Gnossus, 01. 45. It was burned by Herostratus, B.C. 356.
1. 602. aiYiSos Tivioxos, probably means ' wielder of the aegis,' as
KiOapas -qvioxos. Green renders it ' charioted on thine aegis,' and
compares Aesch. Eum. 403 ei'6(i' StwKova ^\6ov arpyrov noSa, \ irrfpaiv
drep poiPSovaa koXttov alyt5os, | irwXois aKixaiois toi'5' km^fv^aa oxov.
But the meaning there is rather that the movement of the goddess
swelled out the folds of the Aegis than that she used the Aegis like a
sail to increase her speed.
1. 604. afXa-yci, 2 pers sing., from (reXayeTaOai (cp. Acham. 924
aeXayoivT av evdiis), 'sparkiest.' With <rvv irevKais, sc. 'the torches'
carried by the Delphic Bacchanals, cp. Eur. Bacch. 306 kuttI AiXficrtv
ireTpais -n-qdwvTa aw irevKaKJi.
1. 609. xa'psiv, 'greeting,' the regular beginning of a letter, as often
in Demosth. PaaiKevs MaKfSoi'wv ^iXntTros 'AO-qvaiojv ttJ 0ovXri Kal tw
drj/jw xo-ipeiv. Cleon is said to have been the first to introduce this
language of friendly correspondence into an official despatch from
Sphacteria. rots crvji^axois are added because the play is acted at the
Dionysia, where 'the allies' are present as spectators; cp. Acharn.
502 foil.
1. 612. SpaxjATiV' cognate accus. with u)<|)€Xc-Gcra, 'to the amount of
a drachma,' so d><pi\eiv wpeXuav Plato, Euthyd. 275 e. els 8aSa, ' to save
torch-light.'
1. 615. This amusing picture of the sufferings of the gods through the
inaccuracies of the Athenian calendar may have been happily timed,
because the astronomer Meton had been endeavouring, only a few years
before, to improve the current system of reckoning, and Aristophanes
may have wished to make a passing hit at the ' new-fangled ' change.
The difficulty, which was a very old one, lay in the attempt to make
the solar year (regulated by the sun's apparent crossing of the tropics)
8o CLOUDS.
harmonize with the lunar year, which settled all the religious festivals
ill Athens. The solar year consists roughly of 365I days ; the lunar
month of 29I days, so that 12 lunar months = 354 days. The common
system in vogue at Athens, since Solon's time, for harmonizing these
two methods of reckoning, was by arranging a cycle of 8 years {oKra-
iTrjpi's), five of which consisted of the ordinary number of 354 days,
while the other three were each raised to the number of 384, by the
insertion of a month of 30 days. Now 354 X 5 = 1770, and 384 X 3 =
1152, which gives a sum of 2922, identical in amount with 8
solar years of 365]: days. But as the three inserted months in the oKra-
(TTjpis consisted of 30 days instead of 29^ (the true lunar month), there
was an error in excess at the end of the cycle of i| day— a very
appreciable quantity. The gods might well grumble, as this would be
sufficient to disarrange the whole calendar. We might illustrate it
by supposing Shrove Tuesday pushed forward to Ash Wednesday, or
vice versa.
1. 620. o-Tp€p\o{jTe, i.e. extort evidence from slaves by torture;
whereas on a festival the law-courts ought to be closed.
1. 621. Join Ti[jiajv Tciv 6«uv. Memnon, son of Tithonus and Eos,
and Sarpedon, son of Zeus, were special favourites of the Gods, and fell
in the Trojan war.
1. 623. The meetings of the Amphictyonic council were held in the
autumn of each year near Thermopylae (whence the name VlvKala for
the meeting"), and in the spring at Delphi. The council was composed
of two classes of representatives, XlvKayopai and 'lepo/jtvrjfxovfs. Athens
sent three of the former, elected by show of hands {x^iporovia) and one
Hieromnemon, elected by lot (Xax^v), who was the highest com-
missioner.
1. 625. d<j)T]pe9T). Probably his official garland was blown off by a
puff of wind ; and the Clouds may be supposed to have sent it,
1. 627. Socrates comes out from the Reflectory, grumbling at his
aged pupil's incorrigible dulness. He swears by Respiration, Void, and
Atmosphere. In sup. 424 he had declared there were no gods but
' Void, Clouds, and the Tongue.'
1. 630. <rKa\a6vpjji.dTia, 'deep-dug quibbles,' apparently from aKa\-,
as in oKaXivai, andK-naj, and dOvpudnov, a diminutive of d6vpfia, ' child's
play,' 'amusement.' drra, Attic for tivcl (aTiva).
1. 632. Ovppa^e upos to ^CSs, ' out into the daylight,' for part at least
of the (fipovTiaT-qpiov was undergound.
1. 633. t^ti, from (^Uvaiy 'come forth.'
1. 635. dvucras ti, see sup. 181.
1. 638. irepl fAtrpcov. The question of measures' (which Strepsiades
understands as ' dry measures,' and not as poetical metres) is considered
NOTES. LINES 620-670. 81
in vv. 639-646 ; that of ' rhythm ' in vv. 647-656. By irepl c-rrwv is
meant the science of 77 opOoi-nfia, of which Protagoras and Prodicus
were considered masters. Protagoras also advocated a strict division
of the genders of nouns, cp. Arist. Rhet. 3. 5 Xlpo^ra-yopas to. ^tvi] rwv
ovofj-aToiv dirjpei, appeva Kal OrjXea xal aKtvij. Such studies as these, and the
etymological attemptsof Cratylus, were of course the new things of the day.
1. 639. tybiye, sc. ^ovKop-ai p.av6a.vHV.
1. 640. 8tx°"-vitt'?, ' I was cheated of two choenices ;' the dat. is
strange, but it is really instrumental, as the amount by which the
cheating was done.
I ]Medimnus = 6 e/iTets=j.2 ■^ixieKTia = j^S xo'iviKis, so Strepsiades is
able to say, ' wager me (-irepiSov) if the " semi-sixth " be not a measure
of 4,' because the ' semi-sixth ' is | of ^ of 48 choenices, =4 choenices.
Walsh renders neatly, ' Soc. I don't ask that, but what poetic measure
You like the best — the triple or quadruple? Strep. I think the gallon
measure beats them all. Soc. Pooh, nonsense, fellow! Strep. Will
you bet me, then. That gallon's not "quadruple" of the quart?'
I. 647. TaxtJ 7' av Swaio, said ironically, 'short work you would
make in learning about rhythms 1 '
1. 649^ <rwov(ria, ' a parly ;' cp. Vesp. 1 209 irpoa^tavdavt avfxnoTiKos
fivai Kal awovcnaariKos.
1. 651. Kar' IvoirXiov, ' suited to the war-tune,' as we might say, ' to
the time of a. march.' This rhythm was generally based on the
anapaest w^-, and so distinguished from the rhythm nara Sd/iTvXpv,
- u w. The dactyl was so called because of the one long and two short
joints of the finger (5d«TvAos) represented by the one long and two short "
feet. Strepsiades, mistaking SAktvXos, as he had mistaken fitrpa, holds
up one finger after another, and makes vulgar gestures with them.
1. 655. (pfvpl. The penult, is always long in Homer; but short in
Attic; as Arist. Av. 1641 ; Vesp. 1504 ; Lysist. 948.
1. 658. irpoTtpa toOtojv, 'before these;' tovtwv referring to the
difficult lessons of the dSucos \6yos.
1. 659. TSTpa-iToSuv, a class of animals to which dXsKTptiwv certainly
does not belong.
1. 662. TTiv T€ 0Ti\€iav, 'you are calling the female and the male
alike dXeicTpvwv.^ The word is of common gender, as ' fowl ' with us ;
so for correctness' sake (opOis) he proposes to distinguish them as
d\(icTwp and dKfKTpvaiva, just as we might suggest 'turker' and ' turkess'
as a way of distinguishing between cock and hen turkey.
1. 670. TT|v KcLpSoTTov. Thc next anomaly is that a noun, shown
to be feminine by the gender of the article, should have a masculine
termination. In rendering, we must retain the Greek word, otherwise
the anomalj^ disappears Lq translation ; ' you call it ^ ttapdoitos ' (empha-
G
82 CLOUDS.
sising the last syllable) ' masculine, when it is feminine.' Strkp. * How
do I make KapSoiros masculine?' Soc. ' Of course you do, just as you
make KKiwvv]io%' Strep. ' How is that ? tell me.' Soc. ' According to
you, KapBoiros and K\«jjvv\).os are identical.' [In gender, that is, as shown
by the termination -os ; but Strepsiades does not understand this, and is
surprised to hear that the two are identical ; so he answers,] ' But, my
good sir, KKtwvvfios [so far from being a Ko.pSoTTOs'] hadn't got a Kap-
Soiros at all, but he did his kneading in a round mortar.' We must
suppose his kitchen to have been very poorly furnished.
1. 680. €K€ivo 8' -fiv dv, ' so it would run then, KapSoirt], K\euyv\iy\.'
Strepsiades, having got right as to the termination and gender of Kap-
BuiTT], gets into a mess again by turning KKfwvvixos into KKecuvvfH], so
that he must, as Socrates says, have a lesson about the genders and
terminations of proper names (6vo|jiaTa>v).
1. 688. ouK dppev' vjitv eo-Tiv ; ' are they not masculine in your
view?' So Od. 4. 569 /cat tr<j)iv yajx^pos Alos laai, 'and in their eyes
thou art son-in-law of Zeus.'
1. 690. 'AjAuvia. Here the vocative of 'A^vway is identical in
termination with a feminine nominative.
1. 693. aTcLp Ti TaOra, ' but why am I learning these things, which
we all know?' Soc. 'That isn't the case at all.' The words ouStv ji-d
Ai' seem a strange answer to Strepsiades' question. Perhaps they
mean ovZtv fxavQavus wv iravTis la/iev, 'you are not learning what
everybody knows, but a piece of rare new science.'
1. 696. ivravda ye, sc. on the daKavTijs, sup. 633. With (jitj StJO'
supply iK^povTiaai fie KiKivaov.
1. 698. oviK to-Tu irapd ratpxa dWa, ' there is no other way besides
this ;' so Plat. Phaedo 107 a ova tx'^ irapd ravr' dWo ti Keyeiv.
1. 700. cravTov, is governed both by arpo^ti and irvKvcjcras, ' twist
yourself in every way, gathering yourself together.' The next words are
intended as a sneer at the desultory method of the Sophists.
1. 710. KopCvOioi is, of course, a surprise for Kupeis. Perhaps we
might say ' Bulgarians,' for the sake of the sound.
1. 712. i^vxTlv eKirivovo-iv, 'are drinking up my life-blood;' so Soph.
El. 785 Tovfiov e/cnivovcr' dd | xpvxfjs aKparov alixa.
1. 718. Kal TTcis ; sc. oil Papiws dXyeiv 5fT;
1. 719. xP°'-°'' 'rny complexion;' cp. sup. 504 and inf. 1171. On
l|i.pcLs see inf S58, and cf sup. 103.
1. 721. <j)povpas, ' whilst singing at my post,' the gen., like xt'/'wfos
Av. 1089, or rrjs eKKKrjaias Plut. 725. With o[8tov cp. Aesch. Ag. 16,
where the sentinel says deiSdv fj fuvvptadai SoKa>, \ virvov t65' dvri-
fio\TTov fVTepvwv d/cos. He means here that instead of sleeping he
cries out as he is bitten by the niptis.
NOTES. LINES 680-758. 83
1. 722. oXiYov, 'almost;' probably a shortened form of the phrase
oXlyov or fxiKpov Sit, ' it wants little.'
1. 726. diroXcoXa. Strepsiades says, ' your threat of diroXct is out of
date ; I am already destroyed.'
1. 727. ov n,aX6aKicrT€a, 'you must not be a coward, but must wrap
yourself up,' i. e. he must face the Kopeis, and tuck himself up in the
bedding of the darnvrr];, so as to concentrate his attention.
1. 729. Tis dv tiTipiXoi, 'who will be so kind as to throw over me a
cheating notion out of the sheepskin rugs?' But as dpvaKiScov is
intended to suggest apviTa9ai = ' to repudiate,' we might render ' a dodge
for fleecing, out of these sheepskins.' Then follow a few moments of
silence, during which Strepsiades is supposed to be thinking. After a
while, Socrates proposes to peep at him, and see how he is
going on.
^- 733- 'X^i-s ''''' > ill the sense of e^eupij/cas ri ; The Schol. says it is
the regular question put to hunters or fishers, ' have you got anything?'
1. 737. avTos, emphatic, 'tu ipse primus aliquid inveni, idque mihi
expone.' This is the principle of the Socratic method of instruction, to
evolve thought from the pupil, rather than to impart knowledge.
1. 740. crxdo-as. It is difficult to settle the meaning ; for cxaCa^
signifies ' to cut,' — sometimes in the sense of ' cutting loose,' sometimes
of ' cutting across,' and so ' stopping ' or ' checking.' Perhaps the best is
'checking the play of your subtle thought,' like irvKvoxras sup. 701. Walsh
takes axa<Ja% closely with X€ii-rr|v, and renders ' slicing small ;' but see
sup. 107. 8iaipu)v is the technical word for logical 'division.'
1. 744. TTiv •yvu>(ji,T)v, ' in your mind.' An easier reading would be rf?
'YvwiiTj. 'Then once again set it going in your mind, and lock it up
there.' (vywOpov is the ' bar of a door,' or the ' tongue of a balance ;' so
the verb may mean, as the Schol. suggests, ' to weigh.'
1. 749. el. The proper apodosis follows in v. 755 ovk dv d-iroSoiT]v.
With 06TTaXTiv cp. Hor. Epod. 5. 45 'Quae sidera excantata voce
Thessala, ] lunamque caelo deripit.'
1. 755. 6tit| Ti 6ti ; This is equivalent to 'quia . . quid?' The idiom
arises from the eager desire to anticipate what another is going to say,
but, as one does not really know what is coming, the clause has to end
in a question. As if we might say, ' Yes, yes, of course, because you
would do what?' cp. Plut. 135 foil. XPEM. ovkow 65' Io-tiV airios,
Kcu paSiws I iravcTfi ay, ei PovXoito, Taiid' ; IIAO. otit] ti St/; XPEM. on
ovb' av eh dxiamv dvOpuinoov in, cp. inf. 784.
1. 758. •ypd<|)oiTO, 'were inscribed' or 'registered.' The first step in
a private law-suit was the lodging with the Archon a written com-
plaint, A^f IS h'lKrjs. If no objection appeared on the face of the decla-
ration, it was written out on a tablet of wax, or other material, and
G 3
84 CLOUDS.
hung on the wall of the court, as part of the cause-list. It was to this
tablet that Strepsiades proposed to apply the burning-glass.
1. 761. €l\X€, 'centre,' 'keep in narrow round.' Here Socrates
suggests that Strepsiades must not confine himself to one unifdrm
method of thinking. Join XivoSctov tov ttoSos as ipveiv rti/d iro56i
Od. 17. 479.
1. 770. 6 ■ypap,[xaT€vis, so. the Archon's clerk. Here yP*'!'"'-'''© is
used in the middle voice, but in sup. 75S in the passive.
1. 771. wSc, 'like this.' He throws himself into the posture of a
man holding a burning-glass.
1. 774. SiaYSYpa-iTTai, 'has been erased;' properly of drawing the
pen or style across the writing; here he should properly have said,
' obliterated ' or ' melted out.'
1. 776. dvTiSiKwv (particip. avTiSiKfoj). 'How, as defendant, you
would rebut the indictment, when you were going to be cast in the
suit, because you had no witnesses on your side.'
1. 779- €V€crToi)(TT]s {fvicTTTjui, SO iffTijus Soph. Aj. 87 ; tcTTwcra Eccles.
64 for karrjKius, earrjKvia), ' one case still on the list before mine.'
With KaXeicrO' cp. Vesp. 1441 tojs av rrjv Siktjv apxci"^ Ka\fj.
1. 781. (y<»y\ sc. \iyoj rt, 'am talking sense;' in answer to sup.
otiSev Xt-ytis, 'you are talking nonsense.' Nicias (Eqq. 80 foil.) simi-
larly proposes suicide as a way of escape from trouble.
1. 783. SiSalaijitiv. The use of the middle voice is peculiar, except in
the sense of 'getting some one else taught;' but cp. Plato, Rep. 421 e
XVT'pfvs . . . Tois vius fj dWovs ovs av StSdaKT) xeipovs SrjpiLOvpyovs SiSa^erai.
So there is no need to repeat av, and to read oiiK dv SiSd^atpC dv a' in.
1. 784. oTiT) Ti ; see on sup. 755.
1. 785. arr av Kal fJiaOT|s, 'whatever you have learnt.'
1. 786. vOv 8t|, as we say, 'just now.' See inf. 825.
1. 788. (xaTTojAeOa. He is trying to recollect his icdpSonos or Kapbott-q.
1. 789. ouK ts KopaKas diTo4)66p€t ; a condensed way of saying ovk
&iTO(p6fpovfievos (s Kupanas dnei ; so in Eqq. 892; cp. Pax 72 eK(l>9apfh
OVK Old' o-rroi, and Demosth. 560. 10 cpdfipeadai vpus tovs ir\ovaiovs, ' to
rush headlong to join the wealthy.*
1. 792. d-rro Yap 6Xov|jiai, tmesis for diroXovfiai yap, as inf 1440.
1. 798. dXX' oifK cOcXei y6.p, ' but since he does not choose to learn,
what am I to be at?' 'what! do you permit [such insubordination]?'
' Yes, for he 's vigorous and lusty, and sprung from those high-flown
dames of Coesyra's lot.' See on sup. 48.
1. 803. This verse, which bears a suspicious resemblance to inf 843,
must be addressed to Socrates, bidding him to go indoors again and
wait a while. This he certainly does not immediately do, as he has to
wait while the Chorus address the avTiarpocpri to him, recommending
NOTES. LIXES 761-838. 85
him 'to strike while the iron is hot.' If we might read elcreXOetv, we
could construe, ' wait a minute for me to go indoors,' as in Soph. Trach.
1176 KOI fitj 'mfieivai rovfiuv o^vvai cFTofxa. But the song of the Chorus
seems inconsistent with the context. Socrates had rudely dismissed
Strepsiades, who had shown neither readiness nor obedience. Possibly
in the first, or acted, edition of the Clouds, Socrates had bidden Strep-
siades to fetch his son, and he had joyfully obeyed.
1. 811. -yvous must stand alone, = 'now you know all about it you
must lose no time (raxttos) in sucking out of the man, in his amaze-
ment and evident excitement, all the advantage you can.'
1. 814. oijToi (jid TT|v 'OfiixXTiv. Strepsiades here adds a fourth deity,
•Mist,' to the three by whom Socrates swore sup. 627. He comes from
the house on to the stage with Pheidippides, threatening to turn him out
of doors, and bidding him go to the house of his poor, proud uncle, and
fill his belly by eating the columns, the only remains of the former
wealth and magnificence of the family.
1. 817. Tov Aid. Probably the a is long, as in Lysistr. 24 «at v^
Aid Traxv.
1. 819. TO . . vo[ii(;€iv, see sup. 268. tt)\ikovtovi maybe compared
with sup. 799 (vaaiiJLaTH Koi cF(ppi'ya.
1.821. 4)pov6rs dpxauKo., ' have old-fashioned notions.' Here iraiSd-
piov has special reference to the full-grown man ' (dvT|p) below.
1. 824. oirojs 8«', ' but mind you don't teach anyone this.' So said
the fia0T]TT]s sup. 143.
1. 82S. Alvos, see on sup. 3S0 foil.
1. 830. 6 Mt)\ios. Socrates himself was not from Melos, but the
atheistic philosopher (o a6(os) Diagoras was; so to call Socrates 'the
Melian' was to call him by implication an atheist. Similarly,
Amynias, who was really son of Pronapus, is called (Vesp. 1267) 6
^eWov, because he was as poor as Aeschines, son of Sellus.
I. 832. jxaviuv, so the plural is used, Pax 65 napaSeiy/xa twv fiaviu/y,
Thesmoph. 689 naviais cpXeycxiv, Eur. Heracl. 904 I77US ixaviuiv iKavvei.
1- 8.^3- X0^"O''-v; According to the Schol. xoXdv napa toTs 'Attlkcus
TO /xaivecrQai, jiapa 5e tois kolvo'ls to dvfiovadai. Similarly aeXaYxoXdv is
used of madness.
1. 837. is PaXaveiov. The Socratic philosophers are here represented
as abstaining from the warm bath from being too stingy to pay the triflin"-
fee (eni\ovTpov). Cp. Av. 1282 Ikojiqiv, (wcivcuv, ippvirojv, faojKoaTovv.
1. 838. KaTaXosi (2nd pers. pres. mid.). With this form cp. \6eoy
Od. 4. 252, Xoe ib. 10. 361, and KoiaOai. Hes. Op. 747. The word is
intended to have a reference back to the PaXav€iov and its expenses,
and (as suggested by too-usp TeGveiros) to the practice of washing a
corpse ; so that piov comes in at the end of the line as a surprise ; ' but
86 CLOUDS.
you, as though I were already dead, are washing away at my live-
lihood.' Cp. Flout. Trinum. 406 'argentum comessum, expotum,
exunctum, elutum in balineis.'
1. 839. virep in the sense of avri, sup. 796,
1. 840. Kai p,A9oi. . . av, ' could one learn ? '
1. 841. aX-qOes; when so accented implies surprise and annoyance
in the questioner, 'are you in earnest?' 'do you really mean that?'
The word is frequent in Aristoph., cp. also Soph. O. R. 350 ; Ant. 758.
1. 844. Strepsiades runs indoors to fetch a cock and a hen, while
Pheidippides soliloquizes on his father's craziness.
1. 845. iicrayayoiv, ' having brought the case into court.' The full
term is daayeiv S'lK-qv or ypa(prjv. Join TrapavoCas eXo), ' am I to convict
him of madness?' So sup. 591 Swpwv fKovres. Cp. Xen. Memor. i. 2,
49 (paaKQJV Kara vofxov k^eivai irapavoCas IXovti Kal tov iraTtpa Sfjcrai.
'Or am I to take for granted that he is near his end,' says Pheidip-
pides, ' and to order him a coffin ? ' \'>*^ • ' .','*?
1. 853. Trapd Tois 7T)-y€V€is, 'to join those Sons of Earth.' Com-
paring Eur. Ion 987 foil. oTaOa 'y-qyevfj i^axnv; .... ofS' ^jv yiyavrf^
earrjaav e^oTs, we may suppose that Pheidippides meant to describe
these philosophers as Oeof^axoi and aOeot. But very likely there is a
further reference to the subterranean <ppovTiaTTjpioi/ where they dwelt.
Cp. sup. 507. _^
1. 855. tircXavOavoiATjv av. For this use of the imperf. indie, with av
to denote repeated occurrences cp. sup. 54, Vesp. 26S ov fi^v irpo tov 7'
tcpoXKos fjv, aWa npuiTos fiixuiv \ ^ydr' dv aSwv ipvvixov, Aves 520 uj[avu
t' ov^th tCt dv dvOpuTTcov Ofov.
1. 856. Oo'ifidTiov, see sup. 497, inf. 149S.
1. 857. KaTaiT€4)p6vTiKa, 'have thought it away.' Cp. -xpfiaOai raii
(piKlais ov Karaxp'ficrOai, Synes. 206 a, = ' misuse.'
1. S58. TTot T€Tpo4)as ; ' to what purpose have you turned?' We must
refer the form to Tpt-rroj, not Tpe<paj, as in Soph. Trach. 1008 dvaTfTpo(pas
6 Tj Kal levari, where the Schol. interprets by dvirpixpas. Cf. Vesp. 665
iTOi Tpeirtrai ra xprip^o-T<^ rdWa ; For sjjipdSas cp. sup. 718.
1. 859. wcnT€p n€piKX€-t]S, ' like Pericles, for a " necessary purpose" I
have lost them.' Pericles was said to have induced Cleandridas,
the counsellor of the Lacedaemonian king Pleistoanax, to withdraw his
army from Attica (in b.c. 445), by a bribe often talents. The only account
he gave to the people of the transaction was «y to Siov dvqKwaa, which
phrase Strepsiades adopts, substituting as a surprise diruXeo-a for dvqXcDaa.
1. 860. €iTa Tw iraTpi, ' and then, when you've once complied with
your father, be as naughty as you like. I know very well how I
complied with your wishes when you were a lisping child of six years
old.' This punctuation joins otSa directly with m06|Ji€vos, but we may
NOTES. LINES 839-888. 87
stop oiS' off between commas, ' I too once (I know) complying with you,
bought you, etc'
1. 863. "HXiacTTLKov. The fee to each 'HXiaarrji for his day's service
was at this time three obols. It had originally been only one obol, but had
been augmented by Cleon. Cp. Plut. 329 rpiaiPoKov ftlv o'vvtKa | mari-
^OfieaO' iKaaTOT iv T-^KK\r]ffia.
1. 869. Kp€(iaOpwv. Socrates would naturally have said ov rpilSwv
(' not versed in ') tuv (xa9T)p,a,Tcov, but substitutes for it Kpt\ia.BpQ>v,
referring to his own ' baskets ' or 'hoists,' sup. 217. The word suggests
to Pheidippides the being ' hoisted up ' for a flogging ; and he plays
upon the word TpCpajv, which means ' a well-worn cloke.' Perhaps we
might render, 'he hasn't yet learned to rub along with our hoists.'
Pheid. ' You'd have the nap well rubbed off you, if you were hoisted up.'
1. 872. i8oij Kp€p.ai', ' hark at his " were hoi-i-isted ! " ' The sneer is
at his pronunciation of Kpsjiaio, in which he appears to have given the
diphthong ai full and broad, instead of toning it down to something more
like o. So the Attics preferred to write K\ativ for K\aieiv, Kanv for Kaiuv.
1. 874. d'ir64)ev^iv. The would-be orator is regarded from three
points of view : if he is a defendant, he must understand the principles
of ' Acquittal;' if a plaintiff, the right method of the ' Summons ;' if an
advocate, the art of 'convincing Nullification.' In the last bombastic
expression xawcotris means the invalidation or dissolution of the argu-
ments on the other side, put in such a convincing shape as to carry the
judges with it.
1. 876. Ktti Toi, i.e. even Hyperbolus, though he was such a dullard ;
so that after all there is hope for Pheidippides.
1. 881. iTfaJs SoK€is, properly =' how think you?* But as an idiom it
has lost its interrogatival force, and means only here ' you can't think
how [prettily].' So Acharn. 24 wariovvTai irws boKus, Eur. Hippol.
446 TovTov Kafiovaa (sc. Kvtt/jis) ttcuj SoKeis KaOvfipiaev, Cp. Ran. 54
voOos TTiv KapZiav Inara^i ttws oUt aipoSpa ;
1. 883. = sup. 113.
1. 885. iracTT] T€XVT], ' by all manner of means.'
1. 888. While the actors who are representing Strepsiades and
Socrates retire behind the scenes to change their dresses, and to reappear
in the characters of Just and Unjust Argument, the Chorus would
naturally address themselves to Pheidippides, so as to fill up the
interval. But even in the time of the Scholiast the passage was
wanting ; having probably been left incomplete, when the author was
preparing the second edition of the play for the stage. The scene of the
two Aojoi touting for young Pheidippides, is like the competition
between EvSacfiovia (or Kania) and 'Aptrr) in the story of the Choice of
Heracles (Xen. Mem. 2. i, 21 foil.). AiKaios Aoyos, in the plain dress
88 CLOUDS.
of a simple old man, represents the Morality of the Good Old Times ;
"ASiKos, got up as a fop of the period, serves to picture Immorality, as
shown in the modern style. Similarl)^, in the lost Antiope of Euripides,
Zethus represented the spirit of the early days of Hellas, and Amphion
the habits a later age.
1. 892. €v Tois iroXXotcri, 'before this large audience.' So Eur.
Hipp. 610 ra TOi fcaK' kv iroWoiai kclWiov \iy(tv.
1. 894. <T6 viKuj, ' I'm your master.'
1. 897. 8id TouTouo-C, 'thanks to those gentry yonder;' pointing to
the spectators in the theatre, whose want of sense has led to this craze
for novelties.
1. 901. avr', i.e. avra, sc. to. SiKma. The accent is thrown back by
the elision.
1. 903. irapo. Totcri Oeots, cp. Soph. O. C. 13S1 17 irdKaifparos \ Alkt]
^w(Spos Zrjvos dpx^iois vufxois.
1. 905. irarepa. Cp. Aesch. Eum. 641 avros 6' ibrjae irarepa, irpio-
PvTTjV Kpuvov.
1- 907- X<^P*^' 'advances,' 'spreads;' so sup. 18. Cp. 011 x°^f^^'''o^p-
fov Pax 472. XeKdvT)v, he wants to be sick: cp. Acham. 585 ttJs
K((pa\jjs vw fiov \aPov, ( iV (^(jXiaw PSeKiiTTOfiai yap roiis \6<povs.
1. 910. poSa |i' e'LpT|Kas, so the double accus. in Eur. Ale. 954 fpet
Se fi oaris Ix^pt'S wv Kvpu raSe.
1. 912. XP'*'"'^- ^^ ^ similar sense evOvs Kar^xP^'^^v ttSs av^p EupLiri-
St]v Eccles. 826. Cp. Plant. Asin. i. 3, 3 'quae tu in nos dicis aurum
atque argentum merumst.'
1. 913. dXXA jjioXijpSw, sc. iiraTTov ae, 'ay! but it wasn't gold but
lead that I dusted thee with a while ago.' It is commonly assumed
that as lead is a base metal it only serves here to mark the contrast to
gold, as though he had said — ' Well, such words as this used to be
looked upon as something very unlike praise.' But if there is sufficient
ground for believing that refractory slaves were beaten with a lash
loaded with lead, it will make it more pointed for the AiKaios \6yos to
say (with reftrence to the days when he was paramount, and the 'ASi«os
was kept well in control), 'Ay, but in bygone days I used to dust
you with the loaded lash ;' to which the upstart 'ASikos A070S answers,
* Yes, and all that redounds the more to my glory now.'
1. 915. 1T0XX0V, 'exceedingly;' like oKiyov, (xiKpov.
1. 916. <t)OiTav, in the technical sense of 'going to school;' so Eqq.
1235 t^oiras es rivos Si5aaKd\ov ;
1. 921. ev TTpaTTtis, 'art in good case.'
1. 920. irpoTcpov. 'In the good old days you had no occupation,
but you went about cadging with a beggar's wallet on your back, like
Telephus, nibbling from it, not broken victuals, but maxims worthy of
I
NOTES. LINES 892-969. 89
the sycophant Pancleletus.' Telephus king of Mysia had been wounded
by the spear of Achilles, and as only the same weapon could work the
cure, he had to wander about in disguise till he fell in with Achilles,
who healed him. Telephus was a stock character with Euripides, and a
favourite butt for the wit of Aristophanes.
1. 925. wfjioi tro<|)ias. Both the Aoyoi cry out in the same breath.
The" ASiKos says (with a fond regret), 'Ah me, for that cleverness (sc. of
Telephus) which you have called to mind 1 ' The A'lKatos (with stern
indignation"), 'Ah me, for that madness of thine and of the city which is
rearing thee as a curse to our growing ladsl'
1. 929. TovTOv, sc. Pheidippides.
1. 932. SeOp' i9i. The 'ASi/fos is about to draw Pheidippides to his
side; but the Aticatos hinders him, and they nearly come to blows.
1. 937. oirus av (iKoiJo-as. 'that when he has listened to you both
he may make his choice and attend his master.'
1. 945. r\v dvaYpTJ^H- ' if he do but mutter a syllable,' Eqq. 294 5ta-
(pofrqaaj a , ft T£ ypv^d. The order of the next words is wanep iin'
dv6pr]va)v Kevrovfiivos . . aTroKfrrai vno jwv yvufXiuv.
1. 954. Xeycov, ' in wordy warfare.'
1. 955. vuv -yap airas, ' for now on this very stage (IvfldSe) there is
set going every form of danger to wisdom, on whose behalf the sorest
contest is being engaged in by my friends.' This meaning of the passive
dveiTai comes through such phrases as duifvai rds Kvvas Xen. Cjn. 7. 7-
Cp. Ran. SS2 vvv ydp dywv aocpias 6 piiyas X^P^^ irpbs epyov r]5r].
1. 960. pfj^ov 4>a)vT)v, cp. sup. 357.
1. 962. €V6v6(XLcrTO, 'was believed in,' analogous to the phrase i/ofj.i-
^fiv Oeovs.
1.963. iraiSos. Compare the old saying, 'Little boys should be seen
and not heard.' So Xen. de Rep. Lac, of the yoimg Spartans, kicHvojv
^TTOV dv <pwvrjv dKOvaais rj twv XiOwmv.
1. 964. £v Tats oSois. So Plato, Charm. 159 b (xaicppoavvr] elvat . .
TO 'fjO'vxfi iv re rats 65ots ^aSi^eiv /cat bia\iyea9at. The Athenian boys
would learn reading and writing from the ypafinaTiar-^s till the age of
13, when the KiOapiaTrjs would take up their education. Plat. Legg. 7.
809 e. There were no public schools, but the youths from the same
quarter or ward (Ko)p,T)Tas) would naturally attend the same masters;
and when they had reached the class-room, there was the same orderly
' standing at attention,' without fidgetting or crossing the legs ; while
they learned such fine old ' national anthems ' as the ' Pallas ' of Lam-
procles (476 B.C.) ; or the ' Loud strain of the Lyre,' by Cydides.
1. 969. €VT€iva(jL6vo\)s TT)v dpjioviav seems to mean ' keeping up the
key.' dpiAOvCa is not equivalent to the modern use of ' harmony,' but
rather to the ' style ' or ' key.' The national dppLovia here referred to is
90 CLOUDS.
the Doric (17 Aoipiffri), the calmest and most serious style (ffTaffi/jLcaTarf}
ovaa Koi ixaKiar ?jOos txovaa dvSpeiov . . . (pavtpbv on to, Awpta i^eKrj
irpe-nfi traidevfaOai ^aAAoi/ tois viwrepois Arist. Pol. 8. 7, 8). The
Phrygian mode (77 ^pvyicrTi) was a more passionate and excited style
(^opyiaijTiKa km iradr^TiKo. ib.) ; the Lydian (17 AvSicrrt ) was the most plain-
tive and tender, and suited to soprano and treble voices {-npiirei rrj ruv
■naiSav r/XiKia ib). Plato, Lach. 188 d, calls ^ Aoipiari the only true
'EWrjvtKTi apfiovia.
1. 970. el 8€ Tis auTuv, ' but if any one of them should play the
buffoon, or start any of those flourishes, such as musicians now-a-days
affect, those intricate flourishes d la Phrynis, he got well drubbed, being
beaten with many stripes, for spoiling good music' Phrynis of Mity-
lene is represented as having ruined the fine old music of Terpander by
introducing a florid and effeminate style.
1. 982. Twv irpeo-pvTe'pciJv dpirdjei-v, ' to snatch it away before their
elders (could get it).' The genitive follows the common construction
with verbs of overcoming, forestalling, etc., so TrpoXa^eiv t'l tivos in
Lucian : cp. Soph. Ant. 297 outtot' 'lie 7' €//oS | tiixt]v irpoe^ova' 01 Kaitot
Twv kvS'iKaiv, i. e. ' rather than the just.'
1. 983. KixXi|;€iv (from Kix^V^ ' 3- thrush ') is variously rendered — ' to
eat dainties,' the thrush being a delicacy; or 'to giggle,' with reference
to the chuckling note of the bird.
1. 984. The AiTToXia was an ancient festival in honour of Zeiy
HoXievs, the Bovcjjovia, or 'slaughter of the ox,' was a part of the
ceremonial. With t€ttiyc!)v d,vap.€crTa cp. Eqq. 1331 TtTTiyofpupai,
apxcucp ax^y-o-Ti Aa/xTrpoj, Thuc. T. 6 oi iTpeff0vTepoi twv eiiSaifiuvcuv (sc.
'Adrjvaiaiv) ov noXvs xp^^°^ enetSi) . . inavaavTO . . x/'fC'y'' Tirriycav ivip-
(Xei Kpw^vXov dvaSov^evot twv Iv ttj KfipaXy Tpix^v- They chose the
Cicada as their symbol, because they believed it to be, like themselves,
indigenous to the soil {avr6x6wv). Kr,K€i5T)s was an old dithyrambic poet.
1. 986. ijjLQTLOiai, contrasted with ^vfivovs, sup. 965.
1. 992. <|)X6Y€cr9ai, ' to flare up.'
1- 993- ■tiiravuCTTaCTOai, cp. vTravaaTacrd^, 'rising up from one's seat to
make room for another,' Plato, Rep. 425 b.
1. 995. oTi TTJs AiSotJs, ' because thou art going to model anew the
pattern of Honour,' sc. by exemplifying it in thy life. Cp. Plat. Symp.
228 evp-fjaei (joiis \6yovs) OftoTarovs Kal irXdaT dyaX/MiTa dpfTTjs iv
avTois 4'xo»'Taj. Another reading is o tl t^j AiSoCj fxeWet TayaKfi dva-
■n\r)<r(iv, 'which is likely to corrupt the pattern of Honour.' So
avavXiws, ' infected,' Plat. Phaedo S3 d.
1. 997. fiTiXcp PXt)0€is, cp. Virg. Eel. 3. 64 ' malo me Galatea petit,
lasciva puclla.' diToGpavcrOfis, as though the apple had given you a
' knock-down blow.'
NOTES. LINES 970-IO4O. 9I
1. 998. latreTov, brother of Kpovos, sup. 929 ; we may say, 'Methu-
selah.' This seems to settle the meaning of iiXiKiav in the next line ;
cp. II. 22. 419 i]v 1TWS rjXiKirjv alSfffcreTai f/d' iXi-qari yrjpas. You are not
' to spite your father for his years,' though they make him uns}Tnpathe-
tic with you now ; for the years that have made him old, were those
that he spent in rearing you from childhood upwards.
1. 1001. vi€<nv. There is said to be an intentional pun between
this form and vmv, 'hogs,' the sons of Hippocrates being swinishly dull.
KaXovcriv is the contracted future, parallel to ei^^eis, ' thou wilt be like.'
1.1003. TpiPoX-eKTpa-n-eXa, perhaps = ' far-fetched subtleties.' As
specimens of the conversation of the jeunesse doree in the days of Aristo-
phanes cp. Eqq. 1375 foil, rd jxtLpaKia Tavri Xe-yco, rdv tqJ fJtvpq' (per-
fumers' shops), a arwuvXiiTai TOiahl Kadrjfxiva' | ao(p6s 7' $ai'a£ Seftcus
t' ovv dneOavi. | avvepKTiKus yap fan Kal ircpavTiKos, \ Kal yvcvfJ-OTyniKos
Kal aatpTis koX KpovariKus, \ KaTaKTjwTtKos t' apiara Toii Oopv^TjTifcov.
1. 1004. IXk6^£vos, 'getting dragged into court.'
1. 1005. The grounds of the 'AKaST][xeia were on the Cephisus, a
mile north of Athens. Cimon had laid out the walks and planted
them. Round the altar of Athena that stood there was the group of
sacred olive trees (jiopiai). The white reed formed the regular garland
of the twin Dioscuri, the types of manly vigour ; the [xiXa| may be our
' convoh-ulus.' The list of leaves and flowers is amusingly interrupted
by d'lrpaYn.ooTjvTjs, 'idleness.' Some would make it the name of a
flower, e.g. 'hearts-ease,' but cp. Vesp. 1059 o^r/aei bf^iorrjros.
Similarly, Tennyson, Maud, 6. 6 ' smelling of musk and of insolence.'
1. 1007. XevKT], the ' white-poplar,' is the tree sacred to Heracles.
The epithet is doubtful ; perhaps it is ' that tosses its leaves,' a charac-
teristic of the aspens ; or ' that sheds its leaves (lovingly) over you ;'
cp. Hor. Od. 3. iS, 14 ' Spargit agrestes tibi silva frondes.'
• 1. 1012. xp°i'<^v XevKTiv, 'a clear skin.'
1. 1018. vl;Ti<{>iCT|j.a jjiaKpov, comes in as a surprise in the list of per-
sonal qualities, ' a long-winded bill.'
1. 1019. dvaiT€io-€i, the subject is 6 "ABikos \6yos, as also to dvairXTi-
o-ei inf.
1. 1022. The Schol. speaks of Antimachus as a scoundrel, ' femininely
fair, and dissolutely pale.'
1. 1025. KaXXtirup-yov, 'lofty.' So Aesch. Supp. 96 eKiriSes KaWinvpyot.
1. 103 1, ere, sc. Tvu 'ASikov Auyov, who must now produce something
to cap the excellent remarks of the AiKmos.
1. 1032. €oiK€ Seiv <roi, 'it looks as if you wanted.' (nrepPaXet,
2 sing. fut. mid.
1. 1036. iio/\.y6^-<\v Td cnrXaYXva, 'my heart was like to choke.'
1. 1040. voiAOu and 5iKai are the equivalents of leges and iura.
92 CLOUDS.
1. 1 041. Kai TovTo ttX^iv [Attic for ttXIov], 'and this is worth more than
10,000 staters, that a man though choosing the worse arguments should
after all [lireixa] win.' The Athenian gold crTaTT)p was worth 20 drach-
mae. But the allusion may be to the silver arar-qp, worth four drachmae.
1. 1043. o-K€v|;ai, addressed to Pheidippides ; but iJ/ty^i'S inf. refers to
the Aiicaios. The return to irpuiTov is at eira 1055.
1. 1047. evQvs vdp cr€, 'for there at once I've got you round the
waist, having caught you so that you can't escape.' Cp. Ach. 571 iyuj
"yap ixofJ-ai fJ.(ffos.
1. 1051. "HpaKXeua XoDrpo, ; The story ran that Athene made the
hot springs at Thermopylae burst forth to refresh Heracles, when
exhausted with his labours, as Peisander tells, tw S' (v QepftoTrvXrjai Ofa
yXavKonris 'ASrjvr] | noUi Oep/^a Xoerpa rtapa prjyfuvi BaXaaarji. In after
times natural hot springs went by the general name of 'H. X.
1. 1058. dyopTjTTiv- It is necessary to keep the play upon aYopoi, so we
may say 'public places' and 'public speaker.' Cp. Horn. II. i. 247 roiai 5e
NeoToip I rjSvfTrfjs dvupovae, Xiyvs TIvKmv dyoprjTrjS. By <to(}>ovs he means
such men as Odysseus, who are famed in Homer for their eloquence.
1. 1063. iroWots, sc. Sid TO awcppoviiv dyaObv iyivero. For the case
of IlTjXevs cp. Hor. Od. 3. 7, 17 ' narrat paene datum Pelea Tartaro |
Magnessam Hippolyten dum fugit abstinens.' Peleus had been reward-
ed by the Gods, for his chastity in resisting the advances of Hippolyte,
with the present of the famous sword (tt)v [xaxaipav), that could cut
through everything. But, like Potiphar's wife, Hippolyte slandered
Peleus to her husband Acastus, who stole the sword, and left the man
defenceless in the midst of dangers.
1. 1064. dcTTetov, ironically, as xprjCTTos, sup. 8, 'fine,' 'pretty.'
1. 1065. oviK [o Ik] tuv Xvxvwv, 'the man fiom the lampmarket.'
Cp. Eqq- 1 31 5 'yneppoXos . . eww\(i tovs \vxfovs. With rd Xvxva, 'lamp-
market,' cp. rd opvea, 'bird-market,' Av. 13; ol ixdves, 'fish-market,'
Vesp. 789.
I. 1072. avecTTLV, i.e. & iviarix'.
1. 1076. cfAoixevcrds tu. The addition of ti seems to treat the
escapade very lightly, as we say, ' a bit of so and so.
1. 1078. XP"' i-e. 'indulge,' as Hdt. i. 137 tZ dv/^Si x/'drat.
1. 1079. irpos auTov, 'to the injured husband.'
1. 1080. €Travev€YK€tv, with the force of an imperative, 'refer to
Zeus;' cp. Eur. Ion 827 aKoiis fiiv dve(p(p' es tov Sai/xopa, ' [saying] how
he too is the slave of love,' etc.
1. 1 103. TiTTTifjieOa. The A'lKaios Koyos is fairly beaten. The
theatre is all on the side of "'A^i/cos. There is nothing left to do, but to
toss his cloak to the audience, and spring down as if to join them, and
run off at a side door.
NOTES. LINES IO41-II3I. 93
1. 1 105. We must suppose that Socrates returns on the stage and
undertakes the education of Pheidippides. But the scene comes in
very awkwardly. If, as is commonly held, the contest between the two
Aoyoi belongs to the second edition only of the play, we may suppose
that the right place for 1. 1105 is immediately after 881, from which it
has been severed by the insertion of the scene of the Aoyoi, the final
harmonising of the whole having never been completed.
1. iioS. cTTOjuocreis. The technical meaning of arofiovv is to 'give
an edge to,' see inf. 1160; here too it has of course a reference to
powers of talk ; ' sharpen him on the one side (t-irl rd trepa) to be fit
for petty suits ;' with otav SiKiSiois cp. Thuc. 6. 12 to irpayfj-a ^liya.
eivai Kal /xfj oTov vewripoj, Plat. Euthyd. 272 a \6yovs o'iovs tls ra Si«a-
arripia. The commoner construction after oTos is the infinitive.
1. 1112. (ixpov fjiev oxlv. This is better written as an "aside' of
Pheidippides than put into the mouth of Strepsiades. 'Nay rather,
you'll get (your son) back a ghastly and miserable creature.' Cp. sup.
103, 120, inf. 1171-
1. 1115. Toijs KpiTcis, 'the judges,' who had to decide on the merits
of the rival poets. The accusative, in strict grammar, is the object to
<t>pdcrai. ' We wish to point out to the judges, viz. what advantages they
will gain, if they support this our chorus, as justice demands.' This
anticipation of the accusative, as object in the main clause, instead of
subject in the subordinate, is a frequent idiom with verbs of 'perceiving'
or 'telling.' Cp. inf. 1x48, Soph. Aj. 118 o/3ay 'Obvaatv rfif Oeuv iaxvv
oar), Eur. Temen. frag. 9. yvwvai tov kx&pov rj fxdXiaO' d\ujatfj.os.
1. 1 1 25. cr4)ev86vais, sc. with the ' flail of the flashing hail.'
1. 1 1 26. Join TOV K«paij.ov tov Ttyous atiTOv, ' the tile-work of his roof.'
1. 1 1 29. So-op,€v TT|v vvKTa. Such heavy rain would mar the bridal pro-
cession and extinguish the torches, so that the ill-advised judge would in his
despair wish his home was in Egypt, where at any rate there was no rain.
1. 1131. Strepsiades, true to his promise, sup. 669, reappears on the
stage with a sack of meal (tovtovC i 146) upon his shoulders. Then he
stands and anxiously reckons up on his fingers the few last days of the
month — 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, etc. The days of the third decade of
the Athenian month might be reckoned backwards, viz. the last day = t;/?;
Kal i'ea,2gth. = 5(vTepa (pOivovros [sc. pltjvos, 'of the waning month], 28th
— rpi-nr} <p., 2 7th = T«Tpds 0., 26th = 7rtfiTrTr] <p. The name ?vt) (cp. Lat.
sen-ex) koI vta = ' old-and-new,' was given by Solon to the last day of the
month, because the first half of it was reckoned as belonging to the end
of an old month, and thelatter half to the beginning of the new. The next
day was called vovjxTjvCa, marking not the actual astronomical conjunction
of sun and moon, but the day on which the thin edge of the new moon was
first visible in the evening sky.
94
CLOUDS.
1. 1 135. ofivvps (rather than o/xvva, the commoner reading), goes directly
with 4>'ticri, ' iurans dicit se me perditurum esse deposito sacramento.'
The irpvTaveta arc the sums deposited by either party before the law-suit
began ; ' staking his deposits against me.' ' And when I make a modest
and fair request, "my good sir, there's a part of my debt you mustn't take
now; and part you must defer my payment of; and part you must remit
altogether," they declare they shall never get their money back like that,
but they revile me, on the ground that I am dishonest, and they say
they'll have the law of me !'■ 8i.Ka,o-aa9ai, with the MSS., and not 5i«a-
afoGai, as sup. 35 ; cp. Od. 2. 137 (prjfxl Ti\ivTrj6rjvai, not TeKfv-niaeaOat.
1. 1146. TovTovi. Seesup. 1131.
1. 1 147. €m0auiid56iv, 'to compliment:' give a 'honorarium;' a sort
of euphemism for jxiaOov Sovvai.
1. 1 148. Kai 1x01. Tov vldv, see on sup. 11 15, 'and tell me of that son
of mine whom you just took indoors, whether he has learned that
famous argument.' The antecedent to ov is vlov, and not Xoyov, cp.
Plat. Symp. 177 a oiin e/xos o p,v0os dWd ^aiSpov rovSe ov fisWo) Xiyeiv.
1. 1 1 54. Podcro|iai xapa, a parody from the UrjXevs of Euripides.
Strepsiades in his wild delight breaks into tragic metre and dialect.
1. 1 156. TCI dpxata, 'the original sum,' i.e. the capital. To claim
TOKoi TOKiuv (i.e. dvaTotciaixos or 'compound interest') was not for-
bidden by Athenian law, but it was looked upon as mean and grasping,
1. 1 1 58. olos, with the force of '6ti toios, 'seeing that so clever a son
is being reared for me.'
1. 1 1 64. ws €|j,€, 'to me.' Join KaXeaov evSoGev.
1. 1 1 70. lov. The Schol., on Pax 316, makes iov a shout of joy ;
and lov (oxytone) a cry of woe.
1. 117 1. Strepsiades dances round his son, shouting 'huzza,' to see
the true philosophic pallor (xpoidv) on his face ; ' and now,' he says,
' you have for the first time in your life, a repudiative and contradictious
look, and there is positively in full bloom upon you that true native
boldness [that seems to ask] "what's that you say?" and the appearance
of being cheated while you are the cheat and the knave.— 1 know that
right well ; and on your face is the real Attic look.' By to tC \iyei%
<rv ; he refers to the characteristic captiousness of the Athenians, who
would wrangle and dispute on every question. oi5' oti stands out of
the construction, like nws BoKeis sup. 8S1. With 'Attikov pXeiros cp,
Horace's 'frons urbana' Ep. i. 9, 11.
1. 1 1 7 7. vtJv ovv, ' now then, see that you save me, since you it was
(Kttt) that destroyed me.'
1. 1 1 79. Phcidippldes, of course, knows all about the ivr} re koi via,
but he at once begins to air his sophistries, and to ask, ' What, can there
be an " old-and-new "?' 'Yes,' his father answers, 'a certain day so-
NOTES. LINES 11^5-1205. 95
called, against which my creditors declare that they will lodge me
their deposits.' ' All right,' says Pheidippides, ' then the depositors will
lose them, for it is impossible for one day to become two days ;' and so
his argument is that the depositors will be found not to have hodged their
money for any one definite day ; so that their whole action will be invalid.
1. 1 187. 6 26\cjv. When Pheidippides makes the general remark
that 'Solon was the people's friend,' his father naturally says, ' this has
nothing to do so far (irw) with the " Old-and-New." ' ' Yes it has,' says
the son, ' and so he put the summons for a brace of days, viz. for the
"Old-and-New," so that the deposits might be lodged on the New
Moon.' ' Why,' asks Strepsiades, ' did he add that back-day (tt|v €vr)v)
instead of having it all settled on the vovjji-qvia ? ' 'O,' says the youth,
' to give a locus poenitentiae to the defendants.' They would have a
whole day to think over their position after the issuing of the summons,
because the real work of the case did not begin till the Oiaeis were
lodged on the vovfirji/ia : ' so that they might voluntarily make a com-
promise one day sooner, or, failing that, might begin their bother the
first thing in the morning on the New Moon.' With iva Stj ti sc.
fivoiTo ; lit. ' in order that what might happen ? ' cp. Pax 409 'iva ri S«
TOVTO Sparov; Plat. Apol. 26. c iva ri ravra Kejeis ;
1. 1196. apxai, i.e. at dpxai = ol apxovns. 'Why then do the
magistrates refuse to take the deposits on the New Moon, but [insist on
having them] on the Old-and-New?' 'Why, they seem to me to act
like the forestallers : in order that they may bag the fees as soon as
possible, they therefore forestalled them by one day.' Whether by the
irpoTtvOai is here meant only ' gourmands,' who buy up dainties before
they come into the open market ; or whether the allusion is to a board
-at Athens whose duty was to taste and pronounce satisfactory the
meats to be offered in sacrifice, it makes no difference to the illustration.
The whole pretended argument is intentionally ridiculous.
1. 1201. ev y\ 'bravo!' Then Strepsiades turns to the impassive
audience and rates them soundly for not sharing in his triumph.
1. 1202. f|p.cTepa KcpSr] tu>v o-ocjjwv, where ^f^tTcpa is equivalent to
^fj.(iiv, with which twv ao(puv may be regarded in apposition. So in
Plato, J7 tifieTepa twv aoipLaribv rkxvr} imStSaJKiv, and the common
Latin usage, mea ipsius sententia, etc.
1 1 203. dpi.6|x6s, ' a string of units, merely a drove of sheep ; ' cp.
Eur. Troad. 476 dpiaTevovr' 6y(iva[j.riv Tticva, ovk dpiO/xuv dWcos : Hor.
Ep. I. 2, 27 'nos numerus sumus.' W'ith dlWcos cp. Eur. Hec. 4S9 du^av
dAXais. By djx<|)op-f]S v€vt)o-|j,(voi he means that the audience, rising
motionless row behind row, look like a lot of ' wine-jars stacked up.'
1. 1205. iiovPYKa>p,iov, i.e. acTTiov y.01 iyKdip.iov, 'I must sing a song
of triumph over this good luck.'
95
CLOUDS.
1. 121 1. Join vlkSs SiKas, 'win your suits by power of speaking.'
1. 1214. Exeunt Strepsiades and Pheidippides. Enter Pasias (sup.
81), a pot-bellied (inf. 1237) usurer, accompanied by a witness (1218),
who however takes no part in the dialogue {najfov irpuaconov).
1. 1215. t6t€, 'long ago,' referring back to the time when Strepsiades
first asked for a loan, 'then it would have been better to have unblush-
ingly refused, than to get all this trouble, while I am dragging you here
to give evidence about my money, and besides this I am going to be
disagreeable to a man of my own hamlet,' sc. Strepsiades.
1. 1221. Ka\ov\Lai = -irpoaKa\oviJ.ai, 'in ius voco,' 'summons.' He
raises his voice, and Strepsiades hears him within the house, and comes
out crying, ' who is this ? ' thus interrupting Pasias, who goes on — ' sum-
mons him, I say, for the " Old-and-New." '
1. 1223. Tov xpTlfAciTos ; sup. 22.
1. 1226. ov. The antecedent, unexpressed, is t^e, sc. wvriaaaOai
'Cirrmv, ' that / bought a horse, /, who,' etc.
1. I 22S. The natural order is ov yap irw tot' €|i]iri(TTaTO ^., [xd tov
Aia, TOV XoYov.
1. 1232. Kai TavT*, 'and vi^ill you choose to adjure the gods to wit-
ness this refusal?'
1. 1235. Kav irpocTKaTaOsiTjv, 'Yes, I'd add threepence more to my
deposit for the pleasure of swearing.' He would enjoy the solemn
humbug of adjuring gods in whom he did not believe.
1. 1237. dXcriv 8iacrjjn]x0«^s. Strepsiades coolly c"hanges the subject,
and looking with a critical eye at Pasias' 'fair round belly,* thinks
what a capacious bottle it would make — if properly tanned — ' this
fellow would be all the better for a rubbing of salt.'
1. 1240. ejAOv KaTaTrpoi^€i. = Trpor«a {fxov KaTatppovqaus, 'flout me for
nothing.'
1. 1 241. Join -yeXotos tois elSocriv, 'is a good joke to knowing hands.'
1. 1 245. Strepsiades runs back into the house to fetch the KapSonos, mean-
while Pasias steps across the stage to ask his witness (as we see by the
question irov 'o-G' ovtos ;) whether he thinks that Strepsiades means to pay.
1. 1 251. KapSoTTOv is the predicate ; ' who should call wapSoTr?; /cdpSoTros.'
1. 1252. otix ocrov ye, the equivalent of the slang phrase 'not if I
know it ! * With the infin. cp. oaa 7' Si5' iSfiv Pax 856.
1. 1256. irpos Tttis 8io8€Ka, sc. /xvais, 'as well as your twelve minae,'
sup. 21, 1224.
1. 1258. TT|v KcipSoiTov, i.e. so foolish as to use the expression ^
(fem.) KapSovos (masc. termination). Exit Pasias.
1. 1259. Enter Amynias, another money-lender (sup. 31), in pitiable
plight, with a tragical story of his upset from a carriage.
1. 1260. 5aifx6v«v. The tragic poet Carcinus, and his son Xenocles,
NOTES. LINES 121I-I30I. 97
are favourite butts for the comic writers (as Vesp. 1482-1537). Here
the allusion is to the Aikvuvios of Xenocles, which represents the slay-
ing of Licymnius, brother of Alcmena, by his nephew Tlepolemus, son
of Heracles. The crj' of Amynias reminded Strepsiades of the lamenta-
tions of some of these demi-gods or heroes. In the play, Tlepolemus
must have damaged a chariot and upset the rider by reckless driving or
intentional malice.
1. 1 269. aXXois T€ |i€VTOi, i. e. ' especially as I am in a disaster,' and want
the money sorely. Literally, ' on other grounds, of course, and also,' etc.
1. 1 27 1. €ix*s. The tense looks back to the time when the loan was
contracted — ' You really did get into a mess, then.'
1. 1272. iiTTTovs tXavvojv. 'It was through driving horses, so help
me heaven ! that I got my tumble.' ' Why are you playing the fool
then, as though you had been thrown from an ass ? ' dir' ovou TT€cr€iv is
said to have been a cant phrase to describe an act of stupid clumsiness.
But it is thought that a pun is intended between dir' ovov and diro vo-0,
' not off your Ned ! ' but ' off your head.'
1. 1275. airros, emphatic, 'whatever may be the state of your
chariot, and the chances of your money, " you, certainly can't be right
in yourself" ' How so?' 'You give me the idea of having had con-
cussion of the brain.' ' Fou give me the idea of having been as good as
summoned already.' This spiteful re-iteration of the veiy form of the
sentence seems better than the reading TrpoaKfKXriaeaOai ye fj-oi.
1. 1278. KaTtiire jjioi. He puts him through an examination to see
if he understands rd [lexwpa (1284).
1. 12S5. TOKOS. Strepsiades pretends not to know the technical
sense of tokos, sc. ' interest,' and to think only of the ordinary sense
' offspring ' or ' produce.' Transl. ' Pay me the interest that the money
bears.' 'What sort of a creature is it that it bears?' Plato, Rep.
555 ^> plays upon the same double meaning, where he speaks of at
XprifMTioTal . . Tov -iraTpos [i. e. Toii dpyvpiov] skyovovs tokovs iruWa-
vKaaiovs koixi^ujuvoi.
1. 1289. viTToppeovTOS, 'slipping away,' i.e. unnoticed.
1. 1290. OdXaTTav. Cp. Lucr. 6. 608 foil. 'Mare mirantur non
reddere mains | naturam, quo sit tantus decursus aquarum, | omnia quo
veniant ex omni flumina parte.'
1. 1296. diroSiu^eis aavTov, 'stir j-our stumps;' perhaps the word is
intentionally used to sneer at Amynias as an intending prosecutor (Siai/irwi').
1. 1299. a^€is (difftrco), 'will you trot?' eiriaXw, fut. from in-iaWai,
' I will lay it on,' sc. ro KtvTpov.
1. 1301. t(i€\X6v cr' dpa, 'Ah! I was pretty sure to stir you, with
your pair of wheels and your teams and all!' see on sup. 31, 15. E.xit
Strepsiades to resume his interrupted feast.
H
98
CLOUDS.
1. 1305. cpacj-06is. The corresponding word in the Antistrophe
(1312) is ejTiTei in most MSS. Perhaps kirrJTfi {knairio}) is the simplest
emendation.
1. 1 32 1. Enter Strepsiades in an agony of terror, pursued by his son.
1. 1323. Join dfAwdOeTC -rraCTT] TexvT), ' by every means in j'our power.'
1. 1329. TToXX' cLkovcov Kal KaKo., 'hearing this lot of epithets, abusive
though they are.' So ttoXXois tois poSois, 'with your roses in plenty.'
1. 1339. €Si8a^d|XT]v fAevTOi, 'I have managed indeed to get you
taught how to controvert justice.' Cp. iraidas nepiaffus iKdiSaaneaQai
cocpovs Eur. Med. 297.
1. 1344. o Ti Kal Xe^€is, ' what you will say.'
1. 1347. el jiT] TO) {Tivi) 'TTeiroiOeiv, 'unless he had had something to
trust in . . but there is something on the strength of which he shows a
bold front ;' cp. Soph. O. C. 1031 d\X' tad' orco ah maros wv eSpas rade.
1. 1352. -irdyTcos Be, 'and of course you'll do so.' The Chorus takes
for granted that he will comply.
1. 135'). Tov Kpiov, iLs tTTsx^Tj. We do not know the subject of this
song of Simonides of Ceos, about 'master Ram, how he was sheared;'
but it probably alludes to Kpi6s {Kpios?) a. famous wrestler of Aegina,
who had found his match at last.
1. 135S. dXoCcrav. Among the women's 'songs at the mill' one is
preserved, that runs d\ei, /xvKa, dkec Kat -yap n'lTTaKos dXu, fieydkas
MiTvXdvas PaatXfvojv.
1. 1360. lo-TiiovTa, ' entertaining a lot of grasshoppers,' who could
only chirrup and didn't care to drink, cp. Plut. Symp 4. i, i ev depi xal
5p6aai KaOdirfp ol Temyes aiTovjxevov.
1. 1364. dXXd, 'at any rate,' as inf. 1369; so Eur. Hec. 391 vfieii
Se fx dWd Ovfarpl avpupovivaan. When songs were introduced at a
banquet, it was customary for the singer to hold, while he sang, a
branch of myrtle ((jivppivT)) or bay, and to pass it on to the next singer.
Here the practice was to be extended to recitations.
1. 1366. €710 -ydp Aio-xtiXov, 'why, I consider Aeschylus far ahead
among the poets for being full of sound, incoherent, bombastic, pre-
cipice-writing.' For this use of -irpuiTos cp. Eur. El. 82 foil, at irpuToi' dv-
6pdnTwv . . TTiOTov vo[xi^u.'. d|iJaTaTOs {d-avaraTos, avviaTa/iai), properly
'having no cohesion,' yfj, Plat. Tim. 61 a, so 'irregular,' 'uneven.'
By Kp-r]|ivoTroi6v he means using rugged, break-neck phrases, such as
Euripides calls (Ran. 929) prjixoiO' lirirvKpTjuva.
1. 1369. 6v(j.6v BaKiuv, 'suppressing my anger;' the phrase is an
extension of SaKVftv arvpa Soph. Trach. 49, or SaKvetv eavroy Ran. 43.
1. 1371. tKivei, 'violated.' The allusion is to the story of the
incestuous connection of Macareus with his sister Canache, in the
Aeolus of Euripides. 5> dXe^iKaKC is a horrified appeal to 'AnoWojy
NOTES. LIXES I305-144O. 99
diTOTpoirato?. we may render. 'God save the mark!' The emphasis lies
on 6(A0[XT)Tpiav, i. e. ' half-sister by the mother's side,' as marriage with a
half-sister by the father's side was not considered at Athens within the
prohibited degrees of relationship. j-<-c Vw ^t--— -ui ^ r<- 1 o , ''.-» ,c.ULv. T;,'-._,
1. 1375. T|p€iS6p.€cr9a, 'we planted word against word,' taking the Nfit ■;i[t 1
middle voice with active force ; or e-rros -rrpos eiros may be an adverbial *^^
accusative, ' we pegged away — word against word.'
1, 1379. *V 8tKT) y' av, SC. TVITTOIO.
1. 1392. iTTjSav o Ti Xe^ei, 'are leaping with anxiety [to know] what
he will say.'
1. 1396. dW ovpS' ipe^ivdov, 'no, not at the price of a pea;' it will
be so terribly cudgelled. Cp. Pax 1223 ovk av Trpiaifj.T]v ov5' dV i<Txa5os
fj^ids. Plant. Mil. Glor. 316 ' non ego tuam empsim vitam vitiosa nuce.'
1. 1407. Tp€<|)€iv TeSpiTTTTOv. Scc uotc On sup. 13.
1. 141 5. KXdovau -iratScs. Parodied from the Alcestis of Euripides,
691, x^^'p*'^ opwv (puis, iraTipa 5' ov xa'ipnv Sonets ;
1. 1416. TO-uTO, sc. TO TvirreaOai or K\aeiv. There is an emphasis on
av in contrast to iyia Se y" in the next line.
1. 1420. Tov irartpa. Strepsiades is half persuaded of the general
truth of the argument, as far as regards "ytpovTSS, but he does not see
how it can be extended to ' fathers.'
1. 1421. dv-qp is here used like dvOpajwos, as on Soph. Aj. 77 TrpuffOtv
OVK avfjp 55' ^v ; for Pheidippides wants to show (as a Sophist would)
that v6p.os is a thing of human creation, a convention or compromise for
mutual convenience. That being granted, he may ask, ' Is it then a bit
the less allowable for me too to lay down a new law for sons, to serve
for all time to come, that they should beat their fathers in retaliation?'
1. 1426. d4ii€p.€v, 'we excuse,' 'remit.' The subject (unexpressed)
of cruYK6K6<|)0ai. is tjixSls.
1. 1429. v)/T](j)i<T(xaTa, sup. lOiS.
1. 1431. €Trl ^ijAov, 'on a perch.'
1. 1432. ScoKparei. It is amusing to see how Pheidippides, when he
is hard pressed with an argument, takes refuge in ' authority.'
1. 1433. ei 8c p.T|, 'otherwise.' Cp. Ran. 628 a^yopevoj rivl | l/xe ii-q
^aaavl^iiv, adavarov ovt, el St p.T|, | avTos afavrov airiSj.
1. 1434. 8iKai6s €t[i', ' I have the right to chastise you ; and so will
you have the right to chastise your son, if you get one.' • But suppose
I don't : then all my tears will have gone for nothing, and you will die
of laughing at me ! '
1. 1437. uvSpes TJXiKss. He addresses the older portion of the
audience ; totjtoio-i represents the younger generation, (yvyx^pilv Tdirt-
eiKT), 'to make reasonable concessions.'
1. 1440. d-iro Yop oXoOjjiai, 'yes, for I shall be destroyed if I don't.'
The tmesis as in sup. 792.
lOO CLOUDS. LINES 144I-1503.
1. 1441. Kal p.T]v lo-tos y' ouk. Pheidippides implies that his father
will count his recent drubbing as nothing, in his joy at hearing that the
extravagant wife and foolishly fond mother is going to ' catch it ' too.
But Strepsiades is not 'educated up' to that Euripidean view, which
lowered the dignity of a mother, and made her merely the mechanical
agent of the child's existence (Eurip. Orest. 552). It must be remem-
bei'cd that Socrates (Xen. Mem. 2. 2), so far from countenancing such an
idea, enjoined the duty of the tenderest filial love even to a harsh mother.
1. 1448. Ti S'dWoT]. The resumption of the question tu 8', 1445, as
in sup. 12S7, inf. 1496 ; lit. 'what else could there be than that, if you
do this, nothing will stand in the way of your hurling yourself and the
worse argument into the Gulf, along with Socrates?' The pdpaOpov
was a chasm behind the Acropolis, into which criminals convicted on a
capital charge were throvra.
1. 1455. (rTpei|;as is intended as a pun upon the name "S.rpi^iaZrjs.
1.1457. «T'T]peT€, imperf. kiraipoj (not aor. frr-qparf), 'kept egging
on.' Here the Chorus suddenly takes a high moral line, and declare
that they have visited Strepsiades with 'judicial blindness ' for his
arrogance and dishonesty.
1. 1464. S> <t)C\TaT€, addressed to Pheidippides, ' see that you destroy
C. and S., pursuing them with your vengeance.' p,€T6\9tov, as in Eur.
I. T. 14 Tovs 6' v^piaOivras yipovs \ 'EKevrjs fUTfXOHv.
1. 1468. KaraiSeo-O-qTi, the verse is parodied from some tragedy.
1. I47i. = sup. S28.
1. 1473. 8i.d TovTOvl Tov Aivov, 'thanks to this Dinos here; ah!
miserable fool that I was, when I actually thought you, though made of
pottery as you are, to be a god.' If the last line be genuine, we have
no alternative but to take the interpretation of the Scholiast, who says
that a 81VOS is an earthenware jar broader above than at bottom, so that
it looked something like a top. BTvos seems used for a wine-jar in Vesp.
618. Of course Strepsiades is playing on the name.
1. 1475. «vTa\)0a, ' stand yonder [and] keep your folly and your chatter
for yourself.' Exit Pheidippides.
1. 1477. e^iPaWov, imperf., 'sought to turn out.'
1. 1478. 'Ep^.TJ. A bust of Hermes is standing in the street near
the house of Strepsiades. He goes up to it and asks the god's advice
whether he shall bring an action against Socrates and his friends {■ypa<p^
dcre/Seiaj), or anything else the god likes to suggest. He puts his ear
to the mouth of the statue, and pretends to have heard its counsel
(opOus Trapaiveis).
1. 1495. o TU TTOiw ; 'you ask what I am doing, why nothing more
than chopping logic with the beams of your house.'
1. 1498. 0olp.dTiov. See sup. 497 and S56.
1. 1503. depopaxw .... iiXiov, the very words of Socrates, sup. 225.
INDEX
Of Proper Names and the Principal Words and Phrases
explained in the Notes.
The references are generally to the lines in the Text.
ayaXfia, 995.
ayofiai, 241.
dyoprjTrjs, 1057.
aypios, 349.
aepin, 327.
alylBos r]vio)(os, 602.
aldpias, 37.
alpflv, 845.
Addpas, 257.
AKadrjpfut, 1005.
aKaprjj 496.
dXa^uiu, 449.
dXe^iKaKOs, 1372.
aXridfs, 841.
dXiv8i]dpa, 32.
(iXXo Ti [/;], 423.
oXXo)?, 1203.
Apvvlas, 686.
dp<piavaKTi(eiv, 595.
dp(f)opjis Vivqapivoi, 1 203.
di/dyKT/, 377.
dvaypv(ei.y, 945.
dvapeTpeladai, 203.
ai/aTn/iTrXdvai, 995, 1023.
di/aTrXdrreii', 995.
dj/aroKio-fid?, 1 1 56.
dve'iTai KivSwos, 955.
avdpoKes, 97.
avTiypa(pai, 47 T.
diTtSiKeii', 776.
AvTipa)(os, 1022.
dvucrar, 181, 506.
dnepvdpLdi', 1 2 16.
aTToSico/cetj', 1296.
dnodpaveadai, 997-
djr oVou Tretreii', 1273.
aTTOcrrfpeti', 488.
d7ro(f)6eip€adaL €9, 789.
dnpaypocrvvq, 1007.
apyaXeoy, 450.
apdeadai, 282.
dppovia, 968.
dpvaKis, 729.
dpn-d^eii' with gen,, 98:
ap^cna, 1 156.
acTKov daipeiUj 442.
dre;^j'ajs', 408.
'ArrtKoi' /3XeVor, 1176.
d(f)ai/[^eLv, 542.
a(f)VKTOi', 1047.
^dpadpov, 1449.
^eKKecreXTji/os, 398.
^XtTopdppas, 1 00 1.
Bov(p6via, 985.
^pfpdveadai, 362.
Bu^dj/rtoj/, 249.
^(i3fi6Xo)(^os, 910.
rei/ervXXtV, 52.
y^yemy, 853.
102
INDEX.
y\oi6s, 449.
yvfivda-ia, 417.
daifjLOves, 1261,
AairaXfls, 529.
SaKueiv Tov 6vjx6v, 1369.
baKTvkov [/coTa], 651.
beiva Tvoielv, 388,
^jiapxos, 37. ^
8tJ[j.os = eKKXrjaia, 432.
Atayopaf, 830.
8iaypd(pfii', 774.
Siaipeli), 742.
fiiSdo-Keo-^ai, 127, 783, 1338.
BievTepevpa, 166.
diKai — iura, 1040.
AiTrdXia, 984.
dli/os, 380, 1474.
dva^ovXla, 5B7.
fyK€Koiavpoda6ai, 48,
eiKaSej, 17.
eiAActv, 762.
e'lnep, 227.
eladyeiv Slktjv, 845.
ei'o-ofioj, 326.
61S- wpa?, 562.
ifiTTis, 158.
ivea-rdvai, 779.
ive)(vpd(Taa6ai, 35,
eVTjfipevos, 72.
efT; /cat z/ea, 1 1 34.
ei'OTrXtos pvdp.6s, 651.
evTeivecrBai, 968.
i^apffkovv, 137.
eTrdyetf, 390.
itvidWeiv, 1299.
tTndavpd^eiv, 1 147.
empapTvperrdai, 495.
e7Tip,vXL0i (p8ai, 1358.
ipedia-para, 312.
(pelSeiv, 1375'
'EpHrjs, 1234, 1478.
"Ep/iiTTTToy, 557.
treoj/, 35.
fvdyr]TOS, 276.
E0/3ota, 212.
EiVoXt?, 553.
e(f)T]fjLepos, 223.
e^fn' Tt; 733.
e^wf, 131.
^vyioi, 122.
Cuyco^pt^etj/, 745.
'Hpd/cXeta Xonrpu, 105 1.
fjadrjv, 174.
0nX^?, 180.
Gen?, 1067.
Qeapos, 400.
SovpiofxdvTecs, 332.
6vp.dTiov, IT).
loTrerd?, 998.
tarpoTf^^i/at, 332.
tSou, 82, 818.
iepop.vTjp,ov€iv, 624.
lepavvixos, 349.
tj/o Sij Tt, 1 192.
Imrepos, 74.
ImriKr], 27.
fTTTTJOs notrfiScoj', 84.
ImroTpocpia, 15.
KaXefi/ 8iKr]v, 780.
KaXei(r6ai, 122 1.
KaXXtTTtipyo?, 1024.
/caXd? re Ktiya^d?, 1 01.
KafjLTTal, 970.
/CfjTri/oy, 320.
KdpKii/o?, 1261.
KaTaKpt)pvaadai, 377.
KaTd\r]\l/is, 318.
KaraXcieii', 838.
KnTanpoi^ecrdai, 1240.
KaTa(ppovTL^€iVf 857.
Kfladai, 550.
INDEX.
103
\\ivTavpoi, 347 foil.
KrfKe'ihrjS, 985.
KidapiaTTjs, 964.
KLKvvva, 134.
KixXiC^iv, 983.
KXeiaOivrjs, 355.
KXecov, 550, 581, 591.
KXewi'v/Ltoj, 353, 674, 680.
KXrjpovx^iKfj, 203.
KXr/aLS, 1 1 89.
Koicrvpa, 48.
KOTTTrarias, 23.
Kopda^, 540.
Kopivdioi, 710.
Kpefiddpa, 218.
KprjpLVonoios, 1 367.
Kptdf, 1356.
Kpoi/oj, 398, 929, 1070.
Kpovcris, 318.
Ki^SetS;;?, 967.
kvkXioi x°P°h 333*
Kvp^ts, 448.
KtuXtay, 52.
KCL>ij,r]Tr]Sj 965.
AapnpoKXr'js, 967.
Aa/iTTtoy, 332.
Xapos, 591.
Xei/Kr;, 1007.
XtTrapoy, 300.
Xj;;^i'a, 1065.
fJLadrjTio), 183.
fiaviai, 832.
MaptKar, 553.
p.d(j6Xrjs, 449.
fj.aTioXoi)(6s, 451.
MeyoKXe';;?, 46, 70.
pedifxvos, 640.
MeXjyo-i'ay, 686.
/xeXtToSTTQ, 507.
Mepvcuv, 622.
fifpipvo(f)povTi(TTai, lOl.
lieaov e;^etj', 1047.
Herfcopoaocpia-T^s, 360.
Me'rcoi', 615 foil.
M17X10?, 830.
p.TjX(o ^dXXeiv, 997-
HTjxaval, 479.
fxiXa^, 1007.
M(/xas, 273.
fivrjcTLKaKdv, 999.
fji.oXvj3da> TrdTTeiv, 913.
fJLopiai, 1005.
p.oxXevTrjs, 567.
p.vppivr], 1364.
I'lKaj' ['OXu/iTTta,] 99.
vojjii^ecrdai, 962.
vopLicrp-a, 248.
Sai'^ia?, 1485.
SepoKXrjs, 1 26 1.
6^fXi<TKos, 178.
oroy with dat., 1 109.
oKTaeTTjpis, 615 foil.
oXt'you, 722.
ofou (aTTo) TTfcreli/, 1 273.
otra with infin., 434,
ocroi' ye jH eldevai, 1252.
orav without apodosis, 69.
ore causal, 7.
or 1 17 Ti, 755.
ou yap aXXa, 232.
Ilai'SeXero?, 924.
Trapd^acris, 518.
TTapareiveiv, 213.
Trapix^iv =praebere se, 422.
napj/j^y, 323.
Ilao'tas, 21.
nepixX^f, 213, 859.
7T€pLo8os, 206.
TrepKppovelv, 225.
UepaiKai, 151.
rrevKai, 604.
IlT^Xeuj, 1063.
TTi/iyeOs, 96.
104
INDEX.
TTol TiTpO(f>aS, 858.
7To\ffj.i(rT)]pLa, 28.
TToXty = dKpo7roXtf, 69.
IlocreiScoi' tTrTrtos-, 83.
TTOTTJS XvX^OS, 57,
TTpaTTeaOai dpyvpiov, 246.
npolBiiWeadni, 489.
7Tpo8i8dcnifiv, 476.
Ilpo'SiKoy, 361.
TTpOTToXof, 436.
TrpdcroSot, 307.
7rpo(T<pveLV, 372.
npoTivQin, 1 198.
7rp6(f)acnv, 55.
TvpvTavein, 1 1 36.
IIpcoTayopas, 145.
IluXayopat, 624.
IlilXo?, 186.
TTcos SoKets ; 881.
ptjyvvvai (f)(i>vi]V, 960.
/jirj/'ao-TTis, 353.
(Tap(P6pas, 23.
2ap7rj;Sa)i', 622.
afipacpupoi, 12 2.
(TeXayeiff^ai, 604.
o-iSdpea, 249.
2,Lpo>v, 351.
(TKoXadvppiiTLov, 630.
aKipnovs, 255,
<TO(f)l(TT)']i, 331.
anadap, 53.
aroTijp, 1041.
(TTopovv, 1 108.
Grpayyividdai, I'^l.
(TTpe^\ovv 620.
<T<ppayi.8ovvxapyoK6iJir]Tai, 332.
(rxaC*^'"^"'' i°7> 74°*
TedpiTTTTOs, 13.
TeTTt-ye?, 984.
Tt]Xe(pos, 922.
ri TTadodv; TipadoiP] 340.
To/coy, 1286 foil.
rpilBoXeKTpdneKa, 1003.
rpt^oiv, 869,
Tpo(pa)VLos, 508.
TpvyoSalpoves, 296.
TpVfMT), 448.
vleaiv, 1 00 1.
'YneplioXos, 551 foil., 623, 876,
1065.
1177 ep = ui'n', 839.
(^acriavo'i, 109.
^€i8o}vl.8r]s, 65.
(peWevs, Tl.
(pepnpai, 2 4 1.
(j)Kfyea6ai, 992.
(poirav, 916,
(f>povTi(TTr]piov, 94.
<f)povpas, 721.
^pvvis, 971-
^pvvixoi, 556.
cpvXXo^oXdv, 1007.
<pv(Tei xpw^^^'^i 1078.
^uo-ty, 503.
cjicopav, 499.
Xaipe(f)a)V, 104, 503.
jj^aui/cotrts, 875.
Xp^ipa TU)V vvktS)v, 2.
Xpvaa> TTUTTeiv, 912.
;^cop€t TO (caKoj', 906.
•(//•npo?, 1225.
yj/i'XXa, 145.
raCra =propterea, 319.
oicj)eXelv with cogn. ace, 612.
October, 1888.
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Minot. The Poems of Laurence Minot, Edited, with Introduction
and Notes, by Joseph Hall, M. A. . . . Extra leap. Svo. 4.1. 6<^.
WyclifFe. The New Testament in English, according to the Version
by John Wvcliffe, about a.d. 1380, and Revised by John Purvey, about
A.D. 1388. With Introduction and Glossary by W. W. Skeat, Litt. D.
Extra fcap, Svo. ds.
WyclifFe. The Books of Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and the
Song of Solo7non: according to the Wycliffite Version made by Nicholas dk
Hereford, about a.d. 1381, and Revised by John Purvey, about a.d, 1388.
With Introduction and Glossary by W.W. Skeat, Litt. D. Extra fcap. Svo. y. td.
Spenser. The Faery Queene. Books I and II. Edited by G. W.
Kitchin, D.D.
Book I. Tetith Edition. .... Extra fcap. Svo. 2f. 6</.
Book II. Sixth Edition Extra fcap. Svo. 2^. td.
Hooker. Ecclesiastical Polity, Book I. Edited by R. W. Church,
M.A., Dean of St. Paul's. Seco>id Edition. . . . Extra fcap. Svo. 2s
nZarlowe and Greene. — Marlowe's Tragical History of Dr. Fausius,
and Greene's Honourable History of Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay.
Edited by A. W. Ward, M.A. New Edition. . . Extra fcap. Svo. 6.S. 6rf.
Marlowe. Edward II. Edited by O. W. Tancock, M.A. Second
Edition Extra fcap. Svo. Pal>er covers, zs. cloth, 3s.
Shakespeare. Select Plays. Edited by W. G. Clark, M.A., and
W. Aldis Wright, M.A Extra fcap. Svo. stiff covers.
The Merclta7it of Venice, is. Macheth. is. td.
Richard the Second, is. 6d. Hamlet, zs.
Edited by W. Aldis Wright, M.A.
Tlie Tempest, is. 6d. Coriolanus. zs. 6d.
As YoJt Like It. is. 6d. Richard the Third, as. 6d.
A Midsummer Night's Dream, is, td, Henry the Fifth, zs.
Twelfth Night, is. 6d. King "John. is. 6d.
Julius Csesar. zs. King Lear, is. td.
LIST OF SCHOOL BOOKS. 9
Shakespeare as a Dramatic Artist ; a popular Illustration of the
Principles pj Scic7iiific Criticism. By R. G. Moulton, M.A. Crown 8vo. 51.
Bacon. Advajicement of Learning. Edited by W. Aldis Wright,
M.A. Third Edition Extra fcap. 8vo. 4i. 6i/.
SSilton. I. Areopagitica. With Introduction and Notes. By John
W. Hales, M.A*. Third Edition Extra fcap. 8vo. 3^.
Milton. II. Poevis. Edited by R. C. Browne, M.A. a vols. Fifth
Edition. . Extra fcap. Svo. 6s. td. Sold separately, Vol. I. 4^., Vol. II. 31.
In paper covers : —
Lycidas,2d. L' Allegro, 2,d. II Penseroso, ^d. Comus,td.
Milton. III. Paradise Lost. Book I. Edited with Notes, by H. C.
Beeching, M.A. . Extra fcap. Svo. if. 6cl. In luhite Parchment, 3J. 6^.
Milton. IV. Samson Agonistes. Edited with Introduction and Notes
by John Churton Collins. . . . Extra fcap. Svo. stiff covers, \s.
Clarendon. History of the Rebellion. Book VI. Edited with
Introduction and Notes by T. Arnold, M.A. . . Extra fcap. Svo. ^s. td.
Bnnyan. The Pilgrim's Progress, Grace Abounding, Relation cf
the Imprisonment of Mr. John Bnnyan. Edited by E. Venables, M.A.
Extra fcap. Svo. 5^. /« white Parchmetit, 6s.
Dryden. Stanzas on the Death of Oliver Croiiiwell ; Astnra Redux ;
Annus Mirabilis ; Absalom and Achitophel; Religio Laid; The Hitid and
the Panther. Edited by W. D. Christie, M.A. . Extra fcap. Svo. 3^. td.
Locke's Conduct of the Understanding. Edited, with Introduction,
Notes, &c. by T. Fov^ler, D.D^ Second Edition. . . Extra fcap. Svo. 2J.
Addison. Selections from Papers in the ^Spectator.' With Notes.
By T. Arnold, M.A. . Extra fcap. Svo. 4^. td. hi white Parchment, 6s.
Steele. Selected Essays from the Tatler, Spectator, and Guardian. By
Austin Dobson. . . Extra fcap. Svo. is. In white Parchment, ts. td.
Berkeley. Select Works of Bishop Berkeley, with an Introduction and
Notes, by A. C. Eraser, LL.D. Third Edition. . . Crown Svo. 7^. td.
Pope. I. Essay on Man. Edited by Mark Pattison, B.D. Sixth
Edition Extra fcap. Svo. \s. td.
Pope. II. Satires and Epistles. By the same Editor. Second Edition.
Extra fcap. Svo. 2s.
Parnell. The Hermit. Paper covers, 2d.
Johnson. I. Rasselas. Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by
G. BiRKBECK Hill, D .C.L. Extra fcap.Svo. limp, 2s. In white Parchment, ^s.td.
Johnson. 11. Rasselas ; Lives of Dryden and Pope. Edited by
Alfred Milnes, M.A Extra fcap. Svo. 4^. td.
Lives of Pope and Dryden Stiff covers, 2s. 6d.
Johnson. III. Life of Milton. Edited, with Notes, etc., by C. H.
Firth, M.A. . . . Extra fcap. Svo. slipcovers, is td, ; cloth, 2s. td.
Johnson. IV. Vanity of Human Wishes. With Notes, by E, J.
Payne, M.A. Paper covers, ^d.
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Gra/. Selected. Poems. Edited by Edmund Gosse.
Extra fcap. 8vo. Stiff covers, is. 6d, In white Parchment, 31.
Gray. Elegy, and Ode on Eton College. . . Paper covers, 2d.
Goldsmith. Selected Poems. Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by
Austin Dobson Extra fcap. 8vo. 3^. dd.
In tuhite Parchinetit, 4J. 6</.
Goldsmith. The Traveller. Edited by G. Birkbeck Hill, D.C.L.
Extra fcap. 8vo. sti^ covers, is.
The Deserted Village Paper covers, 2d.
Cowper. I. The Didactic Poems <?/ 1782, with Selections from the
Minor Pieces, a.d. 1779-1783. Edited by H. T. Griffith, B.A.
Extra fcap. 8vo. 3 J.
Cowper. II. The Task, -with Tirocinium, and Selections from the
Minor Poems, a.d. 1784-1799. By the same Editor. Second Edition.
Extra fcap. 8vo. 31.
Burke. I. Thoughts on the Present Discontents ; the two Speeches
on America. Edited by E. J. Payne, M.A. Second Edition.
Extra fcap. 8vo. 4*. dd.
Bnrke. II. Reflections on the French Revolution. By the same
Editor. Second Edition. ...... Extra fcap. 8vo. sf .
Burke. III. Four Letters on the Proposals for Peace with the
Regicide Directory 0/ France. By the same Editor. Second Edition.
Extra fcap. 8vo. 5^.
Keats. Hyperion, Book I. With Notes, by W. T. Arnold, B.A.
Paper covers, ^d.
Byron. Childe Harold. With Introduction and Notes, by H. F. Tozer,
M.A Extra fcap. 8vo. 3^. 6d. In white Parchment, is.
Scott. Lay of the Last Minstrel. Edited with Preface and Notes by
W. MiNTO, M.A. With Map.
Extra fcap. Svo. stiff covers, is. In Ornamental Parchment, y. (>d.
ScJtt. Lay of the Last Minstrel. Introduction and Canto I, with
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FBENCH AND ITALIAN.
Brachet. Etymological Dictionary of the French Language, with
a Preface on the Principles of French Etymology. Translated into English by
G. W. KiTCHiN, D.D., Dean of Winchester. Third Edition.
Crown Svo. ts. 6d.
Brachet. Historical Gramf/iar of the French Language. Translated
into English by G. W. Kitchin, D.D. Fourth Edition.
Extra fcap. Svo. 3^. dd,
Saintstoury. Primer of French Literature. By George Saints-
bury, M.A. Second Edition Extra fcap. Svo. 2i.
Saiutsbury. Short History of French Literature. By the same
Author Crown Svo. \os. td.
Saintsbnry. Specimens of French Literature. . . Crown 8vo. gs.
LIST OF SCHOOL BOOKS. 1 1
Beatunarchais. Le Barbier de Seville. With Introduction and Notes
by Austin Dobson. Extra fcap. 8vo. ■2S. td.
Blonet. L'^loquence de la Chaire et de la Tribune Franfaises.
Edited by Paul Blouet, B.A. (Univ. Gallic.) Vol. I. French Sacred Oratory.
Extra fcap. 8vo. 2S. 6d.
Corneille. Horace. With Introduction and Notes by George
Saintsbury, M.A. Extra fcap. 8vo. 2S. td.
Corneille. Cinna. With Notes, Glossary, etc. By Gustave Masson,
B.A. Extra fcap. 8vo. stiff covers, is. 6d. cloth, 2J.
Qantier (Theophile). Scenes of Travel. Selected and Edited by
G. S.\INTSBURY, MA. Extra fcap. 8vo. 2J.
BSasson. Louis XIV and his Contemporaries ; as described in Ex-
tracts from the best Memoirs of the Seventeenth Century. With English Notes,
Genealogical Tables, &c. By Gustave Masson, B.A. Extra fcap. 8vo. is. 6d.
Uoliere. Les Precieuses Ridicules. With Introduction and Notes by
Andrew Lang, M.A. Extra fcap. 8vo. is. td.
Moliere. Les Femmes Savantes. With Notes, Glossary, etc. By
Gustave Masson, B.A. . Extra fcap. 8vo, stiff covers, is. td. cloth, 2s.
Moliere. Les Fourberies de Scapin. \ With Voltaire's Life of Moliere. By
•o^^i.^^ Ati,„7i. \ Gustave Masson, B.A.
Bacme. Athane. \ Extra fcap. 8vo. 2j. 6^.
Uolidre. Les Fourberies de Scapin. With Voltaire's Life of Moliere.
By Gustave Masson, B.A. . . Extra fcap. 8vo. stiff cavers, is. td.
Musset. On ne badine pas avec P Amour, and Fantasia. With
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NOVELETTES :—
Xavier de Maistre. Voyage autour de ma Chambre. "^
Madame de Suras. Ourika.
Erckmann-Chatrian. Ze Vieux Tailleur.
Alfred de Vig'ny. La Veillee de Vi?tcennes.
Edmond About. LesJumeauxdeV Hotel Corneille.
Bodolphe Topfifer. Mesaventures d'un £,colier.
Voyage autour de via Cluinibre, separately, livip, is. td.
By Gustave
Masson, B.A.,
f-^rd Edition
Ext. fcap. Svo.
2S, td.
Perrault. Popular Tales. Edited, ^dth an Introduction on Fairy
Tales, etc , by Andrew Lang, M.A Extra fcap. Svo. 5^. td.
Quinet. Lettres d sa Mere. Edited by G. Saintsbury, M.A.
Extra fcap. Svo. 2S,
Bacine. Esther. Edited by G. Saintsbury, M.A. Extra fcap. Svo. 2.f.
Bacine. Androtnaque. ) With Louis Racine's Life of his Father. By
M -,1 T nr , t Gustave Masson, B.A.
Corneille. Le Menteur. \ Extra fcap. 8vo. 2s. td.
Bernard. . . . Le /oueur. ) By Gustave Masson, B.A.
Brueys and Palaprat. Le Grondeur. \ Extra fcap. Svo. 2s. td.
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Sainte-Beuve. Selections from the Causeries du Lundi. Edited by
G. Saintsbury, M.A Extra fcap. 8vo. 2i.
S^vigrn^. Selections from the Correspondence o/"Madame de S6vign6
and her chief Contemporaries. Intended more especially for Girls' Schools. By
GusTAVE Masson, B.A. Extra fcap. 8vo. 3^,
Voltaire. iJ/t?Vo/e. Edited by G. Saintsbury, M.A. Extra fcap. 8vo. 2*.
Dante. Selections from the ' Inferno^ With Introduction and Notes,
by H. B. CoTTERiLL, B.A Extra fcap. 8vo. 45. dd.
Tasso. La Gerusalemme Liberata. Cantos i, ii. With Introduction
and Notes, by the same Editor Extra fcap. 8vo. 2S. 6rf.
GERMAN, GOTHIC, ICELANDIC, &c.
Bnchheim. Modem Ger^nan Reader. A Graduated Collection of
Extracts in Prose and Poetry from Modern German writers. Edited by C. A.
BucHHEiM, Phil. Doc.
Part I. With English Notes, a Grammatical Appendix, and a complete
Vocabulary. Fourth Edition. . , . Extra fcap. 8vo. 2i. td.
Part II. With English Notes and an Index. Extra fcap. 8vo. zs. 6d.
Part III. In preparation.
Langre. The Gertnans at Hoftte ; a Practical Introduction to German
Conversation, with an Appendix containing the Essentials of German Grammar,
By Hermann Lange. Third Edition 8vo. 2s. 6d,
Iiang'e. The German Manual ; a German Grammar, a Reading
Book, and a Handbook of German Conversation. By the same Author.
8vo. 7^. 61/.
Iiangre. A Grammar of the German Language, being a reprint of the
Grammar contained in Tlte German RIanual, By the same Author. Svo. 3J. 6d.
Lange. Gertiian Composition ; a Theoretical and Practical Guide to
the Art of Translating English Prose into German. By the same Author.
Second Edition Svo. 4i. td,
[A Key in Preparation.'^
Iiang'e. German Spelling : A Synopsis of the Changes which it has
undergone through tlie Government Regulations of 1880 . Paper cover, td.
Becker's rriedrich der Grosse. With an Historical Sketch
of the Rise of Prussia and of the Times of Frederick the Great. With Map.
Edited by C. A. Buchheim, Phil. Doc. . . . Extra fcap. Svo. 3^. 6d.
Goethe. Egmont. With a Life of Goethe, etc. Edited by C. A.
Buchheim, Phil. Doc. Third Edition. . . . Extra fcap. Svo. 3J.
Goethe. Iphigenie auf Tauris. A Drama. With a Critical Intro-
duction and Notes. Edited by C. A. Buchheim, Phil. Doc. Second Edition.
Extra fcap. Svo. 3J.
Heine's Harzreise. With a Life of Heine, etc. Edited by C. A.
Buchheim, Phil. Doc. Extra fcap. Svo. stiff covers, \s. td. cloth, 2s. 6d.
LIST OF SCHOOL BOOKS. 1 3
Heine's Prosa, being Selections from his Prose Works. Edited with
English Notes, etc., by C. A. Buchheim, Phil. Doc. Extra fcap. 8vo. 4^. dd,
Iiessing-. Laokoon, With Introduction, Notes, etc. By A. Hamann,
Phil. Doc, M.A Extra fcap. 8vo. 4J. td.
Iiessing'. Minna von Barnhelm. A Comedy. With a Life of
Lessing, Critical Analysis, Complete Commentary, etc. Edited by C. A.
Buchheim, Phil. Doc. Fi/tli Edition. . , , Extra fcap. 8vo. 3s. td.
Iiessing-. Nathan der Weise. With English Notes, etc. Edited by
C. A. Buchheim, Phil. Doc. Secmid Edition. , Extra fcap. Svo. 4^. 6d.
Niebnlir's Griechische Heroen-Geschichten. Tales of Greek Heroes.
Edited with English Notes and a Vocabulary, by Emma S. Buchheim.
Extra fcap. Svo. cloth, 2s.
Schiller's Historische Skizzen: — Egmonts Leben und Tod, and Bela-
gening von Antwerpen. Edited by C. A. Buchheim, Phil. Doc. Third
Edition, Revised evi-d Enlarged, with a Map, , Extra fcap. Svo. 2i. 6(/.
Schiller. Wilhelm Tell. With a Life of Schiller ; an Historical and
Critical Introduction, Arguments, a Complete Commentary, and Map. Edited
by C. A. Buchheim, Phil. Doc. Sixth Edition. . Extra fcap. Svo. 2,^.(>d.
Schiller. Wilhelm Tell. Edited by C. A. Buchheim, Phil. Doc.
School Edition. With Map Extra fcap. Svo. is.
Schiller. Wilhelm Tell. Translated into English Verse by E.
Massie. M.A Extra fcap. Svo. sx.
Schiller. Die Juugf ran von Orleans. Edited by C. A. Buchheim,
Phil. Doc. [In preparation.]
Scherer. A History of Gerinan Literature. By W. Scherer.
Translated from the Third German Edition by Mrs. F. Convbeare. Edited
by F. Max MuLLER. 2 vols. Svo. 2ii.
Max Muller. The German Classics from the Fourth to the Nineteenth
Century. With Biographical Notices, Translations into Modern German, and
Notes, by F, Max Mijller, M.A, A New edition, revised, enlarged, and
adapted to WilheXm Scherer's History oj German Literatures by F.
Lichtenstein. 2 vols Crown Svo. i\s,
Wright. An Old High Germati Primer. With Grammar, Notes,
and Glossarj'. By Joseph Wright, Ph.D. . . Extra fcap. Svo. 3^. 6rf.
Wright. A Middle High German Primer. With Grammar, Notes,
and Glossary. By Joseph Wright, Ph. D. . , Extra fcap. Svo. 3^. dd.
Skeat. The Gospel of St. Mark in Gothic. Edited by W. W. Skeat,
Litt, D Extra fcap. Svo. 4^.
Sweet. An Icelandic Primer, with Grammar, Notes, and Glossary,
By Henry Sweet, M.A Extra fcap. Svo. 3^. 6d.
Vig-fusson and Powell. An Icelandic Prose Reader, wth Notes,
Grammar, and Glossary. By Gudbrand Vigfusson, M.A., and F, York
Powell, M.A Extra fcap. Svo. \os. 6d.
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MATHEMATICS AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE.
Aldis. A Text Book of Algebra {with Answers to the Examples). By
W. Steadman Alois, M.A Crown 8vo. js. 6d,
Hamilton and Ball. Book-keeping. By Sir R. G. C. Hamilton,
K.C.B., and John Ball (of the firm of Quilter, Ball, & Co.). New and
Enlarged Ediiioti Extra fcap. 8vo. 2S.
*»* Ruled Exercise Books adapted to t!ie above. (Fcap. folio, 2S.)
Hensley. Figures viade Easy : a first Arithmetic Book. By Lewis
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Hensley. Answers to the Examples in Figures made Easy, together
with 2000 additional Examples formed from the Tables in the same, with
Answers. By the same Author. ..■■.. Crown 8vo. \s,
Hensley. The Scholar's Arithmetic. By the same Author.
Crown Bvo. zs. id.
Hensley. Answers to the Examples in the Scholar^s Arithmetic.
By the same Author. Crown 8vo. is. 6d,
Hensley. The Scholar's Algebra. An Introductory work on Algebra.
By the same Author. Crown 8vo. 2S. 6d,
Baynes. Lessons on Thermodynamics. By R. E. Baynes, M.A.,
Lee's Reader in Physics Crown 8vo. yj. td.
Donkin. Acoustics. ByW. F.DoNKiN, M.A., F.R.S. Second Edition.
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Enclid Revised. Containing the essentials of the Elements of Plane
Geometry as given by Euclid in his First Six Books. Edited by R. C. J. Nixon,
M.A Crown 8vo.
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Euclid. Geometry in Space. Containing parts of Euclid's Eleventh
and Twelfth Books. By the same Editor. . . . Crown Bvo. 3^. 6d.
Harcourt and DIadan. Exercises in Practical Chemistry. Vol. I.
Eleifiefitary Exercises. By A. G. Vernon Harcourt, M.A. : and H. G.
Madan, M.A. Fourth Edition. Revised by H. G. Madan, M.A.
Crown 8vo. 10s. td.
Bladan. Tables of Qualitative Analysis. Arranged by H. G. Madan,
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IKtazwell. An Elementary Treatise on Electricity. By J. Clerk
Maxwell, M.A., F.R.S. Edited by W. Garnett, M.A. Demy 8vo. 7^. td,
Stewart. A Treatise on Heat, with numerous Woodcuts and Dia-
grams. By Balfour Stewart, LL.D., F.R.S., Professor of Natural Philosophy
in Owens College, Manchester. Fifth Edition, , Extra fcap. Bvo. 7^. td.
LIST OF SCHOOL BOOKS. 15
Williamson. Chemistry for Students. By A. W. Williamson,
Phil. Doc, F.R.S., Professor of Chemistry, University College London, A new
Edition with Solutions Extra fcap. 8vo. %s. td.
Combination Chemical Iiabels. In two Parts, gnmmed ready for use.
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Danson. The Wealth of Households. By J. T. Danson. Cr, 8vo. 55.
Freeman. A Short History of the Norman Conqttest of England.
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Georgfe. Genealogical Tables illustrative of Modern History. By
H. B, George, M.A. Third Edition, Revised a>id Enlarged. Small4to. lis.
Hug-hes (Alfred). Geography for Schools. Part I, Practical Geography.
With Diagrams Extra fcap. 8vo. 2.?. td.
Kitchin. A History of France. With Numerous Maps, Plans, and
Tables. By G. W, Kitchin, D.D., Dean of Winchester, Second Edition.
Vol, I. To 1453. Vol, II, 1453-1624, Vol, III, 1624-1793. each io.r. td.
Iiucas. Introduction to a Historical Geography of the British Colonies.
By C. P. Lucas, B.A. .... Crown Svo., with 8 maps, 4^. (>d.
Bawlinson. A Manual of Ancient History. By G. Rawlinson,
M.A., Camden Professor of Ancient History. Second Edition, Demy Svo, 14J,
Sogers. A Manual of Political Economy, for the use of Schools.
By J. E, Thorold Rogers, M.A, Third Edition. Extra fcap. 8vo. 4J. 6rf,
Stnbbs. The Constitutional History of England, in its Origin and
Development. By William Stubbs, D.D., Lord Bishop of Chester, Three
vols Crown Svo. each i2f.
Stnbbs. Select Charters and other Illustrations of English Con-
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Stnbbs. Magna Carta : a careful reprint. . . . ^to, stitched, is.
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Hnllah. The Cultivation of the Speaking Voice. By John Hullah.
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Maclaren. A System of Physical Education : Theoretical and Prac-
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TroTifbeck and Dale. A Music Primer for Schools. By J. Trout-
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M.A., B. Mus., late Assistant Master in Westminster School. Crown 8vo. zs.' d.
Tyrwhitt. A Handbook of Pictorial Art. By R. St. J. Tyrwht' t,
M.A. With coloured Illustrations, Photographs, and a chapter on Perspecti e,
by A. Macdonald, Second Edition. , . . 8vo. /uit/ morocco, j s,
TTpcott. An Introduction to Greek Sculpture. By L. E. Upcot r,
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Student's Handbook to the University and Colleges of Oxfo \.
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Helps to the Study of the Bible, taken from the Oxford Bible fo.-
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