Gc
929.2
C161C
1146009
G^NETALCGY COLLEfeflON
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRAR
3 1833 01220 1049
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center
http://www.archive.org/details/colonelwilliamcaOOcand
Colonel William Candler,
OF
(GEORGIA.
His Ancestry and Progeny.
BY
His Great -Grandson,
ALLEN D. CANDLER,
ATtA\T.A, (lA.:
THE FOOTE & DA VIES CO.
iKr,tt
1146009
THE AUTHOR'S APOLOGY.
A few years ag'o the writer published, and dis-
tributed in h4s family, a few copies of a little
book entitled " The Candler Family from IHoO
to 1(S90." This is only a revised edition of that
book under another and more appropriate title.
That manuscript was written with but little
care, was never revised, was not — at the outset
— intended for publication; and when published,
the proof-sheets were never corrected. Hence
there were in it many errors — some of fact, but
more of omission. The author then had access
only to the congressional library at Washing-
ton. From it, in idle hours, as a matter of pas-
time, he orathered the facts of history compiled
by him concerning- the family in England and
Ireland. To these he has added nothing in this
edition, because no new sources of information
have been opened to him. But of his family on
this side of the i\tlantic his account was meager
and imperfect, and failed to do even approxi-
mate justice to him who first planted the family
name in Georgia, because, at that time, he was
so situated that he did not have access to the
records of the State of Georgia, but had to rely
on memory and family tradition alone. Now,
however, all the records of the State, yet in
existence, are accessible, and have been con-
sulted, and from them have been gleaned many
facts, hitherto unpublished, which throw mucb
light on the subject under investig-ation, and
enable us to form a correct estimate of the char-
acter and achievements, and come to a correct
conclusion as to the origin of our earliest known
American ancestor, Colonel William Candler,
of (jeorgia.
To that end, this revised edition is published,
the author leeling that it were better never to
have written than to have written partially and
imperfectly concerning an ancestor of whose
lineage, life and character his posterity may feel
justly proud. A. D. C.
Atlanta, March 10, 189().
INTRODUCTION.
To feel an interest in the character and history
of one's ancestors is natural and laudable, and
is especially characteristic of old and enlight-
ened communities. In England and in the
older States of the American Union, this char-
acteristic is much more marked than in the
newer States of the West and the Southwest.
Born and reared apart from all his relatives
of his own name, and never having seen any
one of them, except his father, till he was about
grown, the writer knew but little of those who
were contemporaneous with him, and almost
nothing of the dead generations behind him.
Actuated by this natural desire to know^ what
sort of blood flows in his veins, and from what
sources it came, and stimulated by some acci-
dental discoveries made in his reading, he, a
short time ago, began a research on the subject,
and prosecuted it in the intervals of official duty,
with the care and diligence necessary to discover
the facts.
The conclusions at which he has arrived are
recorded in this little book, a few copies of
which are printed for distribution in the family.
It will amuse some, instruct others, and, perhaps,
a hundred years hence, should a copy survive the
ravages of time, be of interest to our posterity.
It makes no pretensions to literary merit, and
the author has drawn on his imagination for
nothing;. His sole object has been to arrive at
the truths of his family history. To this end, he
has consulted only family and official records,
and the most authentic historical publications,
and, occasionally, unchalleng^ed family tradi-
tions. This is literally true of all the g^enerations
which have lived in the past, and of the g-enera-
tion to which the writer belong^s. Of the young^er
g^enerations — of the children and grand-children
of his cotemporaries — he does not pretend to
g-ive a complete account. They are too numer-
ous, and too much scattered. All he claims is,
that what he has written concerning' them is true
as far as it g;oes.
For the facts of history on which he has relied
in reaching- his conclusions, he is mainly indebted
to a brief manuscript history of his family,
written fifty years ago, by Ig-natius A. Few, L.
L. D., a g^randson of William Candler, to the
unpublished journals of the Leg:islature, and of
the Fxecutive Council from 177() to 1787, and
the old, unpublished bounty land papers in the
office of the Secretary of State of the State of
Georgfia.
He has also consulted and drawn from :
McCall's History of Georg^ia;
White's Historical Collections of (ieorg-ia;
Ramsay's History of South Carolina;
Lee's Memoirs of the War in the South;
Draper's King's Mountain and its Heroes;
Johnson's Traditions of the Revolution;
Prenderg-ast's Cromwellian Settlement of Ire-
land;
Burke's History of the Peerage;
Burke's History of the Landed Gentry;
Baker's History of Northampton County, and
Walford's County Famihes of the United
King-dom.
CHAPTER I.
At thd beginning of the Revolutionary War.
there was, in the upper part of the Parish of St.
Paul, in the province of Georgia, about thirty-
five miles northwest of Augusta, a settlement
on the waters of Little River, in the midst of
which was a hamlet called W'rightsborough.
This hamlet, and the territory surrounding it. is
now in the county of McDuffie.
The first settlement was made here about
the year 1 ifiiT), by a small colony of Quakers,
headed by a man named Kdmund Gray. They
came from Mrginia. Gray was a turbulent schis-
matist and soon became unpopular with his col-
ony, and left it in the time of Governor Rey-
nolds. The hamlet, at this time, was called
Brandon. A few settlers, not Quakers, from the
provinces farther north, and especially from the
counties in North Carolina in which the "War
of the Regulation" i^iT prevailed in 1771, joined
the colony from time to time; but it made no
marked progress until another colony, also
Quakers, led by Joseph Mattock, from Cane
Creek. North Carolina, joined it in the time of
Governor W' right, about 1770. Mattock ob-
tained from the Governor, for himself and fol-
lowers, a grant of forty thousand acres of land
upon which they settled, and changed the name
of the hamlet from Brandon to WTightsborough,
in honor of the royal Governor. Sir James
Wright.
This man Mattock was a man of some ability
and had, at the bei^innin^^ of the War of the
Revolution, attained consideral)le prominence
in the parish, and was elected one of the repre-
sentatives of St. Paul in the tirst leg-islature,
or "provincial conofress," as it was called, that
assembled in Savannah, on the 4th day of July,
177."). to consider the g-rievances of the colonies;
but bein«- at heart a tory, he declined to take his
seat, and we hear nothing more of him. About
the same time that Mattock came to WVig-hts-
borough, another colony, mostly Baptists, headed
by the Reverend Daniel Marshal, settled
on Kiokee creek, about twenty miles east o'f
Wrig-htsborough, in the same parish, and estab-
lished the first Baptist church in Georg-ia.
These Baptists were all whig-s, or rebels, and
no community in the province stood more loy-
ally by the cause of the colonies, nor rendered
them more valuable services; but some of the
Quakers at WTightsborough were tories.
At the time of the Declaration of Independ-
ence, the settlement at \Vrig;htsboroug-h con-
tained about two hundred families, and that on
the Kiokee about as many. Subsequently, the
men of the two settlements fought in the same
regiment during- the War of the Revolution.
The leading men of the Kiokee settlement were
Abraham Marshal and Daniel Marshal, and of
the Wrightsborough settlement, Benjamin Few.
William Few. Ignatius Few.* and W^illiam
♦There was another Few, James, the second of four brothers, who
was captured and executed without a trial, near Sahsbury, North Caro-
9
C'andlcr. It is of the latter, his ancestry and
prog:eny, that wc propose chiefly to write.
Other persons will l)e onl\- incidentally men-
tioned.
Of the birth and early history of William
Candler, as of many others of the heroes of the
War of the Revolution, comparatively little can
be gathered from written records, because of that
period of the history of our State, but few
records, either public or private, are in existence.
When, during- the struggle for independence,
the entire province of Georgia, inhabited l)y
white men, then embracing only eight counties
along its eastern border, was overrun by the
British and tories, all the friends of liberty were
dri\en from the State, their slaves and other
lina, by Governor Tryon, in 177 1. He was one of the leaders of the
Regulators, as they called themselves, who organized in six counties in
that State: Orange, Randolph. Anson. Montgomery, Guilford and Chat-
ham, and partially organized in two more, Rowan and Surry, as early
as 1771, to resist the collection, by the officers of the royal government,
of fees and taxes which were onerous and unauthorized by law.
Three thousand of the Regulators fought a battle on the i6th day of
May, 1771. on Alamance creek, in what is now Alamance county, with
the king's troop.s, commanded by Governor Tryon in person. Two
hundred of the Regulators were left dead on the tield, and many more
were captured after a heroic resistance. Few was among the leaders
who were captured, and being more obnoxious to the royal government
than the others, was at once hanged without a trial. At Hillsboro, on
the 9th of June, fourteen others were tried for treason. Two were
acquitted and twelve found guilty and sentenced to death. Six were
immediately executed, and the fate of the other six is not known. Thus.
Captain James Few was the first martyr for American liberty, for this
insurrection was, in fact, the beginning of the Revolutionary War. Soon
after the murder of James Few, his three brothers, Benjamin, William
and Ignatius, and their father, William Few, Sr., being suspected by the
royal government, left North Carolma, and settled near their old neigh-
bor, William Candler, in St. Paul's Parish, Georgia. The three brothers
all became distinguished officers in the war for independence.
10
movable property stolen, and their habitations
burned. With their habitations were also burned
the family Bibles, and all other family records
of the men who. by their patriotism and. valor,
erected a g"reat State out of a feeble British
province. Xor was this true alone of family
and private records. Most of the public records
of the infant State, covering- the revolutionary
period of its history, were either captured and
destroyed by the enem\-. or lost in transporta-
tion from place to place, in the effort to save
them from destruction. All the military records
were lost in this way. and we have been thus
deprived of the written military history of this,
the most important and ev^entful period of our
career as a State.
Even the records of the executi\'e office during"
this time are exceedingly frag-mentary and im-
perfect, owing to the fact that the office of the
Governor and the Executixe Council had. for
three years, no fixed abode, but was sometimes
in Savannah, sometimes in Augusta, sometimes
at Ebenezer. and sometimes in Heard's Eort. in
Wilkes county. This continual removal from
place to place was necessary in order to keep
out of the way of the enemy, who finally over-
ran the entire State, carrying away everNthing"
that was useful to him. and destroying what he
did not care to carry away.
The records pertaining to the office of Secre-
tary of State alone were saved, and but for the
untiring vigilance of Captain John Milton, the
then incumbent of the office, they, too, would
have been lost. When Savannah, the seat of
g-Qvernment, was taken by the British, in
Deceml)er, 1778, Secretary Milton fled with the
records of his office to Charleston, and secreted
them in a place of safety. Later on, when
Charleston was in danger of capture, he took
them to Newbern, North Carolina, and leaving
them there, in the care of Cjovernor Nash, he
returned, and joined the army operating- against
the enemy in Georgia and the Carolinas.
Finally, when it became apparent that they were
in danger of capture there, he got leave of
absence from his command, again took charge
of his records, and carried them to Maryland,
where they remained till the close of the w^ar,
w-hen they were brought back to Georgia by
Captain Nathaniel Peare. a veteran of the war
for independence.
Thus the records of this office alone, of all the
departments of the State government, are nearly
complete. All the others covering the revo-
lutionary period, are either entirely lost, or
exceedingly imperfect.
In consequence of the loss or destruction in
this way of the records, both public and private,
covering this period, but little is now known of
the antecedents and family histories of many of
the most gallant spirits, who by valor and self-
sacrifice, established the independence of the
American States.
This is especially true of the Georgians of
that day, because theirs was the youngest, the
most sparsely populated, the most remote, and,
consequently, the least important of the thirteen
British provinces in America. There are, how-
ever, well authenticated traditions, and scraps of
recorded history, and official records, scattered
here and there, which escaped destruction, and
which taken tog^ether, and interpreted, the one
in the lig-ht of the others, enable us to come
with reasonable certainty to a correct conclusion
as to the orig"in and ancestry of William Can-
dler, one of the founders of the State of Georg-ia.
From such sources of information as we have
had access to, it is certain that he was born in
17:3(5. and that his parents, if not he, were born
in Ireland. His father, though born, reared and
educated in Ireland, was of pure English blood,
and his mother of equally pure Irish. At what
precise time they came to America is not now
positively known; but it is probable that they
came about the. year 17135, and that William
Candler's father died soon after their arrival. His
mother"' lived to the advanced age of a hundred
and five years. Her maiden name is not known
to any of her descendants now living, but that
she was of the Irish race is well established.
There has always been a tradition in the family
that we have Irish blood in our veins, and Irish
traits and features are strongly marked in many
of her descendants down to this day, and her
husband was not Irish, but English. Hence the
Irish strain must be derived from her.
As will appear later on, it cannot be doubted
that William Candler, of Georgia, the first
Candler named in any of the colonial records,
*l)r. Few's manuscript
was the g^randson of Lieutenant Colonel Wil-
liam Candler* of Northampton county, England,
who served under Cromwell in the conquest of
Ireland, and afterward settled in the barony of
Callan, in the county of Kilkenny, which had
been given to him as a bounty for his military
services, about the year 1()53.
At this time Puritan ignorance, bigotry and
fanaticism reigned supreme in England. The
king had been put to death; the House of Lords
had been abolished as a useless appendage to
the government, and the Commons driven, at
the point of the bayonet, from the halls of legis-
lation. Cromwell summoned an assembly of a
hundred and twenty men. the most bigoted and
fanatical of his followers. They assembled in
the parliament house, voted themselves a parlia-
*This William Candler first appeared in Ireland in 1648. while Oliver
Cromwell was Lord Lieutenant, as a captain in the regiment commanded by
Sir Hardress Waller. Afterward he won, by meritorious conduct, promotion
to a lieutenant colonelcy, and after the subjugation and conquest of the
island, he set'led in Callan Castle. Callan Castle was a strong fortress,
Cromwell says in his account of his campaign, six miles from the town of
Kilkenny. It was defended by a wall and three castles, Butler's castle,
.Skerry castle and "the Great Castle." It was invested by Cromwell in
person . Its garrison fought bravely, but finally Cromwell stormed and
carried the Great Castle and put all its defenders to the sword. Butler's
Castle surrendered, and the men were spared: but Skerry fought desper-
ately and refused to surrender, and. unable to make a break in the wall,
the English scalded all of its defenders to death. After the complete
subjugation of the people. Cromwell confiscated three-fourths of their
lands. In the division of the spoils, the barony of Callan fell to
Lieutenant Colonel William Candler, one of the conquerors, and to Ihis
day it, together with its frowning castle, its fertile acres, and its ancient
cathedral, is in the possession of his descendants. A few years a^o, in
excavating for a building at Callan, vast quantities of human bones were
discovered in a trench, in which the bodies of the brave defenders of
Callan were buried, more than two hundred years ago.
ment. and "proceeded to their work with seekin.o-
God by prayer: this office was performed by
eig-ht or ten gifted men of the assembly, and with
so much success that they had nev^er before, in
any of their de\otional exercises, enjoyed so much
of the Holy Spirit. ^' " ^ % ^ ^
"They thought it, therefore, their duty to pro-
ceed to a thorough reformation, and to pave the
way for the reign of the Redeemer. Learning
and the Universities were deemed heathenish
and unnecessary; the common law was denounc-
ed as a badge of the conquest and of Norman
slavery; and they threatened the lawyers with a
total abrogation of their profession. Some steps
were even taken toward the abolition of the chan-
cery, the highest court of judicature in the king-
dom; and the Mosaical law was intended to be
established as the sole system of English juris-
prudence." '•
Such were the men in whose hands were the
destines of three kingdoms. In their blind big-
otry and fanaticism they believed, or professed
to believe, that they were the chosen instruments
of God to destroy Catholicism, and establish pur-
itanism all over the world, beginning with Ire-
land. To this end an army was raised in Eng-
land to be supported by subscriptions of money
made by English speculators. In the inaugara-
tion of this campaign of fanaticism and conquest
it was agreed that all lands acquired in Ireland
should be portioned out among the adventurers.
as those who furnished the money to prosecute
*Hume.
the war were called, and the soldiers who foug"ht
the battles.
Cromwell was made Lord Lieutenant. Ireland
was invaded, and the annals of the world show no
parallel among^ Christian nations to the cruelty
and barbarities practiced upon the Irish people
by Cromwell and his fanatical followers. In nine
months the entire island was overrun. Three-
fourths of the land was confiscated, and five-sixths
of all the Irish people either perished by famine
and the sword, or were driven into exile beyond
the seas. All the nobility and gentry were ex-
iled, and forty thousand of the arms-bearing men,
driven from their homes by the invaders, had
taken service in the armies of the kings of Spain
and Poland, entertaining, doubtless, a hope that
they might, by some turn of fortune, return and
recover their beloved island, which was now re-
duced to a desolate solitude of want and misery.
" Women and children were found daily per-
ishing in ditches, starved. The bodies of many
wandering orphans, whose fathers had embarked
for Spain, and whose mothers had died of fam-
ine, were preyed upon by wolves.
" In l()r)2 and Kilo the plague had swept away
whole counties, so that a man might travel
twenty or thirty miles and not see a living
creature. Beasts and birds were all dead, or had
quit these desolate places." "
The fiat had gone forth that the remnant of
the unfortunate race should be huddled together
in the single province of Connaught, the most
♦Prendergast.
barren and least desirable on the island, while
the other three provinces should be divided out,
excepting- the towns and the church lands, which
were reserved to the g-overnment, among the
invaders. The only exceptions were the Irish
girls under twelve years old, and boys under
fourteen. These were to be kept as servants to
the conquerors. To add to the horrors of the
situation, this universal transplanting of an entire
nation was to be accomplished in a few months,
in the dead of winter, and any Irishman or Irish-
woman, other than the exceptions above noted,
found outside of the boundary lines of Con-
naught after the first day of the following May,
was to suffer death.
"While the government was employed in clear-
ing the ground for the adventurers by making
the gentry and nobility yield up their ancient
inheritances and withdraw to Connaught, they
had agents actively engaged throughout Ireland
seizing women, orphans and the destitute, to be
transported to Barbadoes and the English plan-
tations in America. The orphan children of the
Irish gentry and nobility, who had fallen in
battle, were seized and sold into slavery. Orders
were given to the commanders of garrisons to
deliver up to these traffickers in Irish flesh all
the prisoners of war held by them, and to the
masters of workhouses to hand over into slavery
' all who were of an age to labor, or if women,
were marriageable, and not past breeding.' "
"Thus those who had escaped death by famine
and the sword were sold into slavery to the
Bristol sugar merchants and the Barbadoes
planters."
" But at last the evil became too shocking-,
particularly when these dealers in human flesh
beg-an to seize the daughters and children of the
English themselves, and to force them aboard
their slave ships. At the end of four years these
barbarous orders were revoked." '"■
But while these brutal military decrees had
been annulled, statutes the most cruel, and pun-
ishments the most revolting for the oppression
and degradation of the Irish people, and to pre-
vent the amalgamation of the two races, had
been enacted by parliament, and were still un-
repealed. By "the statute of Kilkenny," it was
made high treason for an English officer to
marry an Irish woman, and the penalty was
death. + I'pon common soldiers and private
citizens, who thus offended, punishments less se-
vere but most ignominious were denounced.
No degradation was too deep for a papist; no
punishment too severe for those who intermar-
ried with them, or showed sympathy for them in
their mercy.
*Prendergast.
tThe sentence of the court upon t^ie conviction of William Parry, L. L.
D , of a violation of this law, was. as it stands recorded today, in these
words : " The court doth award and adjudge that thou shalt be had from
hence to the place from whence thou didst come, and so drawn upon a
hurdle to the place of execution ; and there to be hanged and let down alive,
and thy private pai ts be rut offe, and thy entrails be taken out and burn- d
in thy sight, and then thy head to be cut offe, and thy body to be divided
into four parts.''
Another case: -"William Swords, a foot soldier in Lieutenant Colonel
Venable's own company belonging to Ireland, for concubinage with an
Iriih woman was adjudged to be whipped at the limber of a piece cf
18
So g^reat were the prejudices and hatred at
this time of the Puritans of Eng-land for the
CathoHcs of Ireland. All the crimes of the
canting, psalm-singing- fanatics, who now held
Ireland in their cruel grasp, were perpetrated,
too, in the name of religion. These sometimes
barbarous, and always cruel and ignominious
punishments, were inflicted upon offenders, not
because they had violated the seventh com-
mandment, but because the co-offender was an
Irish woman— "in violation of the third article
of warre. "
But it is due the English soldiers, the instru-
ments through which these Praise-God-Bare-
bones legislators and generals wrought the
ruin of Ireland, and swept, as with the besom
of destruction, her long-suffering people from
the face of the earth, to say that they, or at
least most of them, were shocked at the bru-
tality of these laws and military orders, and the
barbarities inflicted on ihe people of the pros-
trate race; and after the allotment of the lands,
many or the former owners of the parcels which
which fell to the soldiers, and their children,
were sheltered by them, and the strongest
ordnance in Windsor, from the castle gate to the church yard gate in the
High street, and back again, with a whip cord lash."
As late as the 15th of June 1655, it is recorded that; "Whereas by
court-martial this day held at Whitehall, Hugh Powell, a soldier in Cap-
tain Lieu'enant Hoarc's company of Collonel Hanson's regiment was
convicted, and found guilty of fornicat'on within the third article of
warre, and for the same was adjudged to be whipped on the bare back
with a whip cord lash, and have forty stripes while he is led through the
four companies of the Irish forces before Whitehall, at the time of
parade, 1 n Monday next, and twenty stripes more after that at Putney."
attachments grew up between them; for having^
settled among the Irish people, and comini^ in
daily contact with them, they, as do all who
know them well, learned to love them, and
to appreciate this sprii^htly. witty and affection-
ately loyal race of men. who "seem to be fresh
from the hand of nature, and to belong to an
earlier and uncorrupted world" — a race of whom
the king: of Poland truthfully said, "There is no
race on earth amon;^- whom are so few fools
and cowards." Over the rest of Europe, a
thousand years of Roman and feudal slavery
had divided society into conquerors and con-
quered, into g;entlemen and serfs; so that the
lower classes are, in many countries, but eman-
cipated \illains, exhibiting: traces of their former
serlish condition in their stolid disposition and
brutal manners. But Ireland escaped the feudal
yoke, and hence, perhaps, it is that the com-
monest Irishman has something; in him of the
g-entleman. His " Circ^ean charms" are nothing:
else than the g:races of a people not lowered or
broken by the feudal yoke, and by these they
won the hearts of the Engrlish soldiers, sent
among- them for their extermination.
But the fires of fanaticism still burned in the
bosoms of the Puritan law makers of England,
who ruled Ireland at that time, as she is now
ruled, with a despotic hand from London. The
hatred of Catholicism still rankled in the Puri-
tan heart, and while the most barbarous of
these laws for the oppression of the subjugated
race were repealed at the restoration, others.
less barbarous, but equally prescriptive, were
retained and enforced to prevent the intermar-
riag;e of the two races; the policy of the English
parliament still being- to stamp out papacy, or
exterminate the Irish race.
• "By such marriages parliament considered
that Almighty God was dishonored."
"A Protestant woman, who had real property
and married a papist, was pronounced dead in
law, and her estate devolved upon the Protest-
ant the next of kin. A Protestant man who
married a papist was in law a papist, and could
not sit in parliament, nor hold any office, civil
or military." ''
While the death penalty, and other bloody
punishments had been repealed, the less barbar-
ous, but equally prescriptive, were retained, and
the PZnglish gentleman who brought reproach
upon his family name by marrying a woman,
even of the highest rank, of the despised race,
not only subjected himself to these penalties, but
was ostracised by his English neighbors, and
disowned by his own family. So great was the
hatred of the Puritan P^nglish for the Catholic
Irish.
William Candler of Georgia was the fruit of
one of these interdicted marriages. His father
was an English gentleman, connected by blood,
not only with the nobility, but with the royal
family. He married a daughter of the despised
Irish race, and thus disqualified himself to sit in
parliament or to hold any office, civil or military,
*Froude.
and put himself under the ban of social ostracism,
and forfeited the friendship and sympathy of his
own family All that was left him to do was to
g-o with his young wife beyond the seas to seek a
home, and make for himself, in the new world,
fortune and a name, and at the same time
escape, as well the ostracism of his own kindred
and race, as the penalty of the law. There is
nothing- more common, nor more natural, than
for those, who leave the land of their birth to
seek homes in a new country, to go where they
have relatives and friends. Actuated by this com-
mon impulse, William Candler's father, when he
had \ iolated these statute and social laws, crossed
the Atlantic with the wife for whom he had
sacrificed so much, and came to North Carolina.
The original charter of this prov^ince was
granted to his relative, Edward Hyde, Earl
of Clarendon, and seven other English
noblemen, and gentlemen, and some of the
relatives of the Earl had probably come over
with the first colony. Certain it is that some of
them were there when W^illiam Candler's father
came, for only a few years before this his cousin,
Edward Hyde, junior, the grandson of the Earl
of Clarendon, was governor of the province, and
died of yellow fever while holding that ofifice.
His descendants are still in the State, and are
now of prominence wherever found. In this
province William Candler's father settled, his
son W^illiam and probably another son, was
born there, and soon after the birth of his son,
he died there, being still a young man. Here
we find William Candler, in IKiO; here he mar-
ried, as is shown by the records, and here his
three oldest children were born.
If he had a brother, and family tradition says
he had. he was probably the prog-enitor of all
the Candlers in North Carolina and Virginia .
They trace their lineage back to Zachariah
Candler, who appeared in western North Caro-
lina about the beginning of the present century,
and belonged to the first generation after the War
of the Revolution. They do not know whether
they are descended from the English or the Irish
stock, but the fact that their earliest ancestor,
of whom they have any account, lived soon after
the war, in that state from which William
Candler came a few years before the war,
strengthens the supposition that the father of
Zachariah Candler, and his brother John, who
died in Tennessee in the early part of the pres-
ent century, was the brother of William Candler
of Georgia.
At some time between ITO.l and 1709 \\'illiam
Candler came, with his family, to Georgia; but
in what precise year we do not know. In the
office of the Secretary of State of Georgia is re-
corded a conveyance, dated February od, 1T()9,
of "two negro slaves, Chester and Agnes," made
by "William Candler, of the parish of St. Paul,"
to John Walton. This fixes him as a citizen of
Cjeorgia at that date. On the first day of August
of the same year was recorded, in the same office,
a grant to him of "two hundred and fifty acres
of land on the waters of Little River, in the par-
ish of St. Paul." afterwards the county of Rich-
mond. On this land he settled and lived, and
died in 17S7.*
In 1771 he was appointed, by the royal govern-
ment of the province, a deputy surveyor, and on
the K^th of April, 177:^, he was commissioned by
Sir James \Vrig;ht, then governor of Georgia,
Captain of the 12th company of the Second Reg-
iment, commanded by Colonel James Jackson —
"company in the lower part of Wrightsborough
township, to be divided from Captain Stewart's
company by a line from the mouth of Cane creek
up to the head thereof, across to the head of
Sweet Water, and down that to the Indian line."
When the trouble between the mother country
and the northern provinces began, he, as were
most (jeorgians, was slow to advocate separation,
but preferred to exhaust all peaceable means to
secure a redress of grievances, before resorting
to arms. Of all the British provinces in America,
Georgia had least grounds for revolt. The En-
lish parliament had never passed any act, save
only the Stamp Act, that materially affected her
people; and that had never been enforced in the
province. It had, however, expended many thou-
sands of pounds in an effort to promote the
growth and prosperity of the colony, and to pro-
tect it from the incursions of the savages, who
surrounded it on three sides. Thus exposed to
*Doctor Few says he died in 1789, but he was mistaken. There-
cords of land grants in the office of the surveyor-general show grants is-
sued to "the heirs of William Candler" in the latter part of 1787 . The
warrants were issued to William Candler; but he having died before he
took out the grants, they were made to his heirs, as the law required.
24
dangerous enemies on the north, south and west,
and having only shght grounds of complaint, but
on the contrary having much for which to be
grateful, she was the last to take up arms. So
slow indeed was she in appealing to the sword,
that her nearest neighbor. South Carolina, with
that zeal and intolerance which still characterizes
many of her public men, attempted, by passing
a "non-intercourse law," to force her into action;
but all to no effect. The sturdy sons of Geor-
gia, acting on the motto which they soon after-
wards emblazoned on their escutcheon, "Wis-
dom, Justice, Moderation." pursued the even tenor
of their way till it became apparent that recon-
ciliation between England and her colonies was
impossible. Then Georgia hesitated no longer;
but regardless of the dangers to which she ex-
posed herself at the hands of the savage allies of
the royal government, the smoke of whose wig-
wams could be seen on every side but one, she
put herself in line with her sisters, and as a re-
ward for her temerity, suffered more in the con-
flict than any other one of the thirteen revolted
colonies. For twelve months before the Decla-
ration of Independence she was in line, and her
patriotic citizens were sending supplies of food
and ammunition to their brethren in Boston, and
organizing troops to strike for independence; and
in all this patriotic work no one was more active
than W^illiam Candler, of Richmond county. By
his ardent zeal in support of the colonies at this
time, he rendered himself so obnoxious to the
crown government, that when the enemy had
overrun the entire State, and had driven into ex-
ile all of its best citizens, and re-established the
royal authority throug^hout its borders, the tory
lei^islature at Savannah, on the (5th of July, 1780,
passed an act proscribing^ him, along: with a hun-
dred and fifty others of the leaders of the patri-
ots in Georg-ia. By this act, not only were the
estates of all the most prominent and influential
whig^s of the State confiscated to the crown, but
each of them was, by name, disqualified to hold
oftice, vote, or sit on juries.
At this time a reigin of terror prevailed in
Georg^ia. Unfortunately for the patriots, when
Augusta fell into the hands of the British,
Colonel Thomas Brown, a notorious tory leader,
was placed in command of the post. Prior to
the beginning of active hostilities, he had lived
in Augusta, and by his offensive and intemper-
ate zeal in support of the crown, and consequent
hostility to the cause of the colonies, he became
so obnoxious to the patriots of Richmond
county that they arrested him, administered a
good coat of tar and feathers, and paraded him
up and down through the streets of Augusta, for
a full half day, on a cart drawn b>' three sorry
mules, to his great discomfiture and the great
amusement of the populace. After this indig"-
nity he was driven from the State, and in South
Carolina, whither he fled, he became a leader
among the tories, who were much more numer-
ous there than they ever were in upper (Georgia.
In Richmond county, then the second county
in the State in population and importance, there
Th.e rirat o oust it-ut ion \7r.s alojtcd by t.^e cjri-.
loa in 3aTc/aia.h on the- iitli of ?ob:?u-.ry,1777,r. i.I
"irst ieoiBlot-irs uivier tais cons r.i tuition net in
.-oil^-?oia3 "r*y. One of tie iiont ±ix?ortcat .lairs
at-c+.o.l b^ t.iis lo.:i3lr.tnre v^s "y^ii Act -.for +/ie o :-
Ision of int'-rnal e.ic;aiea i'roa this ^tK-.to", ?;ie o.i."-
ont of fnis la;? Ta.3 placca in tic h-^-nL^ o? a looi.l
ruiittee in ec.o'a county, ^no ! anbore of th'3f3a co;a-
ttoos -vera aclcotod by the l^.-i3l.^ture .wnd m;iiei m
le act, "^neir i-.tiOB ^7oro ic''.inr>d r*nl tney F^ra ?ii-
^ored to cki^roe rii^ioyal jjcrrjon^^ oon^i^icrvte tnoir
t;^.t03, *i;!ijriL;---)n withont bt'.il or iicin-o cizo " tc>
rs,-i:3port bejfon^l tiio lirjlt:3 of this at>t3", ^nd '
'lor oartoin cirGr.n;3u-.ncet3,c>/en to x^ut to loj^th,
The oor:iittGe for ' ic:x.:on I coimty wac Lerifi
ur io ior,BoTci,'^9''/, T'illip^n C:viilor,C":mrieri Crc.«-f or 1,
5r5 ncPsirlc,v',John Dt-ith, oohn ^'r.?.tt,r>iony:iiu3
'i ;^t, ?5:ior-'OGcl •l-.xc, •tnpar^y ^'ollfs, Jo;shna ;^2.i--.lor;i,
It "tTEis thi;3 con tittQo r'lich put thia jror.t
Ii:-iity on Colonel e-.^-rn. :'e ico it ic not Btranjo
...t lie, i7hf?n he bocano Gupre.ic in and Lvround Au./jntc.,
uvod out t'lO vialii of hi.i Trc.th v.oon tnoir -Le<id3. "tit
re t?io ^z^-'OxrA obiocta of .ii;3 v-on.':«5f-nco cvirl tcj.-'o
•iven with ^hou; f?«.dl...©» into o.cilo, their h-OTies
:; destroyol, their property Gonfi;jcf'.ted end somo
' thon put to l-Tith.
r
were but few tories. Her people had always
been true to the colonies, and remained true
throughout the strug"g-le, notwithstanding- the
reig:n of terror inaugurated by Brown, after the
fall of Augusta.
Smarting under the remembrance of bodily
pain and the humiliating indignity he had
suffered at the hands of her people, he pursued
them with a malignant cruelty and vindictive
hate unequaled in any other place or State,
even in that struggle, marked, as it was. for
cruelty and the utter disregard, by the British
and tories, of every right conceded to belliger-
ents by the laws of nations, and the rules of
civilized warfare. Homes were rendered deso-
late and were "filled with blood, ashes and tears."
The patriots were compelled to pass under a
yoke too heavy to be borne. Further sojourn in
upper Georgia was rendered intolerable, and all
good people forsook the country dominated over
by the insatiate Brown and his followers.
"Before the end of three months, all the
property, both real and personal, of the
patriots in Georgia, was disposed of by confis-
cation. For further gains, Indians were encour-
aged to bring in slaves wherever they could find
them. ^ ^^ ^^ ^
"All families were subjected to the visits of
successive banditti, who received commissions
as volunteers, with no pay but that derived from
rapine.
"' * " * "Patriots were outlawed and sav-
agely murdered, homes burned, and women and
children driven shelterless into the forests; and
districts so desolated that they seemed only the
abodes of orphans and widows." ■'•'
Savannah had fallen, Aug^usta had fallen,
and, on the 12th of May, ITSO, Charleston fell;
and there was not an org-anized army of patriots
south of V^iro^inia.
Cornwallis had five thousand troops in South
Carolina and two thousand in (ieorgria, and
expected to supplement this force with reo;i-
ments he determined to raise among- the loyal-
ists of these States ( .South Carolina and
Georgfia ). The inhal^tants of the districts were
to be enrolled; the men above forty were to be
held responsible for order, and the y"oung: men
were held liable to military service. Major Patrick
Ferg-uson was sent into the districts to see that
these orgfanizations were made. Any one found
thereafter in arms against the king- was to be
sentenced to death for desertion and treason.
Commissions were put in the hands of men v^oid
of honor, or compassion, who g-athered about
them proflig^ate ruffians, who roamed through
these States indulg^ing- in rapine, and ready to
put patriots to death as outlaws.!
This was the condition of Georg^ia and South
Carolina after the fall of Savannah, Aug-usta
and Charleston. To record all the barbarities
heaped upon these people would require a vol-
ume. To remain at home was either dishonor
or death. To leave home, and go into exile.
•Bancroft
tSchenck's North Carolina.
28
was financial ruin, and unutterable suffering-.
In the emerg"ency. many who had been ardent
patriots during" all the first years of the war. suc-
cumbed to the minions of the tyrant, and took
British "protection." This was especially true
in South Carolina. In that State, many who
had been leaders in the cause of independence
at the beg-inning: of the struggle, paralyzed by
the calamities that had overtaken them, pass-
i\ely submitted and took the oath. Among- these
were Charles Pinckney. late president of the
State Senate; Rawlins Lowndes, late president
of the State of South Carolina, and Henry Laur-
ens, president of the first American cong-ress.
In Georgia, however, especially upper Geor-
gia, but few patriots of prominence yielded.
The barbarity and the imperious demands of
the ruthless invader only nerved the Georg^ia
re\olutionists to a more heroic resistance. They
chose exile and poverty with honor, rather than
safety and affluence with dishonor.
Among- the most unyieldmg was William
Candler. Rejecting^ with scorn and contempt
the terms offered l)y the enemy, he abandoned
his home and ample fortune, and soug;ht refuge
for his family beyond the Alleghany mountains,
in the wilds of Tennessee, and leaxing^ them
there, he returned to the conflict to stay until the
insolent foe was driven from the borders of his
State.
Prior to the fall of Savannah, no military op-
erati(ms on an extensive scale were carried on in
(Jeorg-ia.
At the beginning- of the war a brigade of four
small battalions was raised, and put under com-
mand of General Mcintosh; and all the militia
of the State were enrolled, and thoroughly organ-
ized: but the principal fighting on her soil con-
sisted of numerous skirmishes, which did not
rise to the dignity of battles, between small
scouting parties of patriots, and predatory bands
of Indians and tories. There had been no occa-
sion to call out the entire militia, nor, indeed,
any considerable part of it. The troops engaged
in these frequent skirmishes rarely exceeded in
number a captain's company. They were usu-
ally volunteer bands, enlisted for no definite time,
going and coming very much as they pleased,
without discipline, and having none of the quali-
ties of a good soldier but patriotism and bravery.
It was by such soldiers, young and adventurous
spirits, that most of the fighting in Georgia, prior
to the fall of Savannah, was done.
During this time, while we find abundant evi-
dence in the records that William Candler was
active in the civil affairs of the State, and promi-
nent in its councils — so prominent indeed that
when the enemy captured Savannah, in 1778, and
re-established the royal government, one of the
first acts of the tory legislature was to pass a law
to proscribe him as a traitor to the crown — it does
not appear that he was actively engaged in the
military service. No enemy had invaded Geor-
gia, and the militia organizations of the State, in
one of which he was an officer, had not as yet
been called into action.
But when, in the autumn of 1779, Sir Henry
CHnton, who had succeeded Sir William Howe
as commander-in-chief of the British armies in
America, determined to transfer the scene of
war to the South, and was to this end concentrat-
ing his forces, with the determination to accom-
plish in that quarter, if possible, what his prede-
cessors had, for nearly four years, vainly en-
deavored to accomplish at the North, the con-
quest of the country, and the subjug^ation of the
people, he appears among- the first to buckle on
his armor, and confront the invader. Having,
as has already been said, rather than submit,
even passively and temporarily, to the rule of the
minions of the royal government, abandoned
home and fortune, and taken his wife and
younger children into exile in the wilds beyond
the Alleghany mountains, he returned to the
conflict, there to remain till all the enemies of
his beloved State were driven beyond the seas,
and her independence acknowledged by the
British king.
Most of the patriots in Georgia, and many of
those in South Carolina, pursued the same
course. In Richmond county, scarcely any who
were able to get away remained. Almost all
went into exile in the other States, most of them
into North Carolina, but some into Virginia,
and others into Maryland; among the latter, the
Fews, who had originally come from that State
to Georgia, stopping, however, a number of years
in North Carolina, on the way.
William Candler was a Captain in the royal
militia when the War of the Revolution beg"an,
having" been commissioned as such on the 12th
day of April. ITTo. He was therefore a man
not without experience in military matters, and
was a leader in the community in which he
lived.
As soon as war became inevitable, all the
military organizations throughout the State
were purged, and every officer and man sus-
pected of disaffection toward the colonies was
expelled, and a thorough reorganization made.
In this reorganization Captain William Candler
was made Major, and he continued to hold that
rank till about the end of the year I ITS. In
November of that year the legislature passed a
law requiring the election of new officers in all
the companies and regiments in the State, and
in this reorganization he was elected Colonel.
At what precise time this reorganization was
made we do not know, for there are to be found
nowhere any minutes of the Executive Council
or other military records, from the 22nd of
December, 1778, to the 24th of July, 1779, and
the election ordered by the law of November,
1778, was required by the law to be held in sixty
days. Hence, it must have been held in Janu-
ary, 1779. in the six months of which we have
no record. All we know from the records is
that William Candler was a major at the begin-
ning of this six months, and a colonel at the
end of it, and that there was, probably in Janu-
ary, 1779, a reorganization of all the militia
regiments in the State. Hence it is probable
that he. at this reorg-anization, was elected
Colonel.
Prior to this time, the arms-bearing; men of
Richmond county, who, at the beg-inning- of the
war were organized into one large regiment of
thirteen companies, had been divided into two
regiments, the "upper" and the "lower" regiment
of Richmond county. Candler was Colonel of
the "upper regiment," bordering on Wilkes
county, the men of which constituted one regi-
ment, under command of Colonel Elijah Clarke.
When the infamous Colonel Brown occupied
Augusta, and drove the families of the patriots
into exile, these two regiments were greatly
depleted, most of the men composing them hav-
ing been forced to go with their wives and
children into other States, or leave them to
starve, or be murdered by the minions of the
tyrant. The Colonels of these regiments them-
selves, with the remnants of their commands
still remaining with them, were unable to remain
longer in Georgia, but were drifting aimlessly
about in upper South Carolina, there being at
this time no semblance of an organized army of
patriots in either State to which they could
attach themselves. All they could do, and all
they attempted to do, was to wage a sort of
guerrilla warfare against small detachments, and
imprudent foraging parties of the enemy, when
they ventured a little too far from the posts to
which they belonged.
At this juncture, Colonel Clarke and some of
his followers, among whom was Colonel Cand-
ler and a mere fragment of his militia regiment,
conceived the idea of going rapidly back to
upper Georgia, making a sudden attack on
Augusta, capturing or destroying the garrison,
breaking up the post, and thus relieving all of
that portion of the State, of which Augusta was
the center, and the most important point.
Colonel McCall, with a hundred South Caro-
linians, joined the expedition.
With this object in view they returned, and in
the month of September appeared before the
town. Many suffering patriots, who were still
skulking in the woods about their desolate
homes, hailed with delight the approach of
Clarke and his followers, and at once rallied to
his standard. These new recruits, being princi-
pally Richmond county men, attached them-
selves to Colonel Candler's remnant of a regi-
ment, that being the only Richmond county
organization engaged in this effort to reclaim
Augusta, and relieve upper Georgia of the pres-
ence of the enemy. But, for want of artillery,
and because of heavy reinforcements received by
Brown, the tory commander of the British
forces, the effort failed, and the country around,
and the few remaining citizens were, if possible,
in a more deplorable condition than they were
before this unsuccessful effort for their relief.
Clarke and his little army raised the siege,
and retired to the back country, leaving, from
necessity, many wounded, who fell into the
1146009
hands of the enemy. These unfortunates were
treated with the most barbaric crueUy by Brown
and his savage alhes, and twelve of them were
hanged by his order in the room in which he
lay wounded, in order that he might enjoy the
fiendish pleasure of seeing their dying agonies-
This attack on Augusta only enraged the tory
commander, and caused him to oppress with a
more despotic hand the poor and the weak who
were unable to get out of the State.
The British commander-in-chief in Charleston
had already fulminated an edict that all men
under forty years old, remaining in the States of
Georgia and South Carolina, should be enrolled
as British soldiers, and be required to take up
arms in defense of the British king; and any
who refused were to be treated as traitors, and
when captured, shot as deserters. The insatiate
Brown enforced this decree with the utmost
rigor, and, to avoid death or service with the
tories, every patriot had to join the patriot army,
however reluctant or ill-prepared to do so.
These high-handed measures, unheard of hith-
erto in civilized warfare, only wrought the pa-
triots up to a more determined resistance. But
to be effective, more thorough and compact or-
ganization of the troops was necessary. To this
end, Colonel Candler, at this juncture, with the
remnant of his old militia regiment, which had
gone with him in this attack upon Augusta, as a
nucleus, raised a new regiment of volunteers,
composed entirely, as their bounty certificates
show, of men who had joined him during the
siege, and others who had gone into exile, but
who, leaving their families in places of safety,
returned to join this, one of the first, if not the
first, purely volunteer regiment of Georgians or-
ganized for the defense of the State during the
struggle. These men were enlisted to serve "till
the British are totally expelled from the State."
They elected their own officers, and were distin-
guished during the remainder of the war, as "the
Regiment of Refugees, of Richmond county,"
because it was composed entirely of Richmond
county men, whose families were in "refugee-
ship," or exile in other States.
No record was made at the time in books in
the executive offices of the State, of the organ-
ization of this regiment, and other similar or-
ganizations of Georgians made by Colonels
Clarke and Ben Few about the same time, be-
cause there was at that time, in Georgia, no ex-
ecutive office, no governor, and no civil govern-
ment, all records that had not been captured,
having been sent "to the northward," and the
gov-ernor having retired to North Carolina.
All the record we have of them, other than
their achievements in the field, is to be found in
the mass of old bounty land papers, which have
remained, undisturbed, and uncared for, in the
capitol of the State for more than a hundred
years. During this long period of time the cap-
ital has been removed four times, and once
captured and ravaged by a hostile army. Amid
these vicissitudes no doubt many of these old
papers, containing records so valuable, hav^e
been lost or destroyed, and with them have also
been lost even the names of many of the gallant
men who constituted these regiments. But
many have been preserved, and from them we
have gathered the names of all of the field offi-
cers, many of the line ofiicers, and some of the
privates.
The field officers of "the Regiment of Refu-
gees, of Richmond county," who took charge of
it at its organization, in 1780, were William
Candler, Colonel; David Robeson, Lieutenant-
colonel; John Shields, Major; John McCarthy,
Adjutant, and Rev. Loveless Savage, Chaplain.
Some of the line officers w^ere Robert Spur-
lock, Captain; Ezekiel Offutt, Captain; Abra-
ham Ayers, Captain; John Shackleford, Captain;
Frederick Stallings, Captain; James Stallings,
Lieutenant; Edmund Martin, Lieutenant; and
James Martin, Lieutenant. The names of the
other company officers may be hidden away in
the uncared-for piles of Revolutionary and other
old dust-covered papers in the storage rooms of
the capitol, or they may have been lost. At all
events, the writer has not yet discovered them.
It was stated above that the men of this regi-
ment elected their own officers. This statement
is undoubtedly true as to all vacancies that
occurred through the casualties of battle, and
otherwise, and as to all of the first corps of
officers, who commanded it, except, perhaps, the
Colonel; and it is believed to be true of him also.
While there is no record of the election of any
officer in the regiment, there is evidence that the
first corps of officers, as well as all who filled
vacancies, w^ere so chosen. Among the old
papers spoken of abov^e. is the certificate of
Colonel Candler, given to Lieutenant-colonel
Robeson, w^hen that officer applied for his
bounty.
The certificate is in the usual form, but on the
back of it is this endorsement; "The within
named David Robeson was chosen Lieutenant-
colonel of my Regiment when we withdrew
from this State, the 20th of September, 1780, and
acted as such till sometime in the last of De-
cember following." Thus it is certified that this
officer was elected at the formation of the Regi-
ment of Refugees, at the termination of the first
siege of Augusta; and it is believed that the
Colonel and all the other officers were elected
at the same time, notwithstanding he had, for at
least eighteen months, held a Colonel's com-
mission in the State militia. The Act of the 20th
of August, 1781, offering the bounty to the
absent refugees invited them to return, and join
any military organization of (jcorgians then
engaged in the effort to drive the enemy out of
the State, and almost all of those who returned
joined Colonel Candler's standard, because his
command was composed almost entirely of men
whose families, like the families of these new-
recruits, were in exile. This was natural, whether
the Colonel commanding was elected by his
men, or commanded by virtue of his old com-
mission in the militia organization. In either
event, he had been a Colonel for about two years
and a half when the bounty act was passed.
The same doubt exists as to Colonels Clarke
and Ben Few. Both of them held commissions
as Colonel in the militia, and yet we find them,
durin^^ the occupancy of the State by the Brit-
ish, commanding regiments composed partly of
refugees, as is shown by their bounty certifi-
cates. But their regiments were not distin-
guished, as Candler's was, as "Refugee Regi
ments." Candler's was the only Georgia regi-
ment that enjoyed that distinction.
Lieutenant-colonel Robeson, . of Candler's
regiment, resigned, it is presumed, in December,
1780, for at that time Lieutenant James Martin
was elected Lieutenant-Colonel, and Colonel
Candler's endorsement of Lieutenant-Colonel
Robeson's bounty certificate, quoted above,
shows that he ceased to be Lieutenant-Colonel
in that month.
Major Shields was killed in battle. That he
was a gallant and worthy officer is attested by
the certificate given by Colonel Candler to his
widow when she applied for her bounty.
The meager records in existence do not show
who succeeded Major Shields when he fell; but
it is believed that Henry Cafidler did, for we
know that he was in this regiment, and that he
rose to the rank of Major, and we have no evi-
dence that any one else was ever Major of it —
no evidence that any other officer of the rank of
Major intervened between Major Shields and
Major Candler. It is therefore probable, that
when the gallant Shields was killed, Henry
Candler was elected by the men to succeed him.
Of these refug-ee troops, including the regi-
ments of Clarke and Ben Few, referred to
above, the historian, McCall says: "These men
had been so long in active service, and had so
frequently fought and skirmished with the
enemy, that they might be considered veteran
troops." They had been in constant, arduous,
active service nearly a year, when on the 2()th
of August, ITS], the patriot legislature at
Augusta, in recognition of their services, and to
encourage those exiled citizens, who were still
dispersed in the other States, and were fighting
with any band of patriots that happened to be
nearest to the place in which they had taken
refuge, to return to the defense of their own
State, passed the Act above referred to, offering
a bounty of "two hundred and fifty acres of
good land" to each refugee who had returned or
who would return and aid in "the total expulsion
of the British from this State." In response to
this appeal many other refugees returned and
attached themselves to these regiments, and
fought to the close of the war.
To secure the bounty'"' due him under this law,
the refugee soldier was required to attach to his
application, and file with the Governor, the cer-
tificate of the commanding ofticer under whom
*As a matter of interest to his descendants of the third
and fourth generation, I append copies of a lew certificates
given by Colonel Candler to some members of his regiment, with fac-
simile of his autograph signature.
"This is to certify that Marshall Martin was one of those worthy
citizens, who Hed British protection and joined my regiinent at the first
he had served, that he had been a refug:ee,
served in his regiment, was a ^ood and faithful
soldier and was entitled to the bounty.
The field officers certified for one another.
Colonel Clarke certified for Colonel Candler;
Colonel Candler certified for Lieutenant-Colonel
Robeson, and Lieutenant-Colonel Williamson
certified for Colonel Clarke, Sec.
To the officers, larg-er bounties were g^iven,
graded according- to rank. A Colonel was enti-
tled to a thousand acres; a Lieutenant-colonel,
eight hundred acres; a Major, six hundred and
forty acres; a Captain, five hundred acres, and a
siege of Augusta, and served as a private in the said regiment under
my command, and was a good and faithful soldier.
J^^^'
"I do certify that Captain Abraham Ayers was one of those worthy
refugees who Aid from British tyranny and faithfully did his duty as a
captain in my regiment of refugees until he bravely fell, fighting for his
country, at the battle fought at Long Cane, in Decembtr, 1780.
Lieutenant, three hundred and fifty acres. All
of these bounties were, under the provisions of
the law, exempt from taxation for ten years.
But Ijy a subsequent enactment the refugee sol-
dier could waive his exemption from taxation,
and thus gret fifteen additional acres of land on
each hundred. Nearly all of them waived the
exemption and g-ot grants, as the land records
State of Georgia, (
Richmond County. ( "This is to certify that Major John
Shields was one of those worthy citizens who fled British protection and
joined me at the first siege of Augusta, and faithfully did' his duty as a
good soldier, and gloriously lost his life fighting for this State, and is
entitled to every bounty due his rank.'"
Certified by
J^-/^'
In contrast with the above mark ihe extreme caution of ihe same
officer when called on to certify for one about whose steadfast loyalty he
seemed to be in a little doubt:
"I do hereby certify that the bearer hereof, John Bender, was in the
earliest part of the late war, attached to the American cause, and faith-
fully did his duty in the regiment of militia under my command, but after
the defeat of General Ash he withdrew himself into the State of A'irginia.
During the term of his refu^eeship, as I am informed, he behaved him-
self as a friend to the United States."
<^^^^
J7^/^'-
How great the contrast between the tone of this certificate and that
show, not for two hundred and fifty acres, but
for two hundred and eighty-seven and a half
acres — two hundred and fifty acres with fifteen
per cent, added.
The same rule applied to ofticers' bounties. A
Colonel with a warrant for a thousand acres,
could w^aive his right of exemption from taxa-
tion, and get a grant of eleven hundred and fifty
acres. All the ofticers w^aived the exemption
and took the additional acres of land .
The second siege of Augusta was conducted
by General Pickens and Colonel Lee, the father
of that peerless soldier, Robert E. Lee, assisted
by Clarke, Candler and Jackson, with their
Georgians. This siege terminated in the sur-
render of Brown and all the troops under his
command as prisoners of w^ar, and the perma-
nent occupation of Augusta by the Americans.
It was with the utmost difficulty that the Geor-
gia troops, whose homes had been destroyed,
whose wives and daughters had been insulted,
given to the widow of the gallant Major Shields, who '"lost his life glori-
ously fighting lor this State I"
Governor Houstoun's warrant to Colonel Candler for his bounty,
siill preserved in the office of the Secretary of State, is as follows:
Georgia. No. 196.
These are tocerufy that Colonel William Candler, acting as such
in refugeeship, is entitled to one thousand acres of land as a bobniy
agreeable to a resolve of the General Assembly passed at Augusta on the
19th of August i78i, as per certificate of Elijah Clarke, Colonel. Given
under my hand at Savannah, the 12th day of February in the year of our
Lord one thousand, seven hundred and eighty-four.
Attest: D. Rees. J. Houstoun.
This was a special bou \ty granted only to refugees, hence the
certificate was made, not only as to the rank, but hid to state, also, that
he -'served as such in refugeeship.''
43
and whose ag-ed fathers and young- sons and
brothers had been murdered by Brown and his
ruffians, could be restrained from putting the
prisoners to death even after they had surren-
dered. Colonel Lee says in his "Memoirs of the
War in the South:" "The militia of Georgia,
under Colonel Clarke, were so exasperated by
the cruelties inflicted in the course of the war in
this State, that they were disposed to have sac-
rificed every man taken, and with great difficulty
was this disposition now suppressed. Poor
Grierson,* with several others, had been killed
after surrender. In no part of the South was
the war conducted with such asperity. It often
sunk into barbarity."
With the recapture of Augusta the patriot au-
thority was re-established throughout most of
the State, and these ostracised rebels, in their
turn, enacted laws banishing forever from the
State those who had mustered under the flag of
the enemies of their country, confiscating their
estates, and making the name "tory" so odious
that to-day, after the lapse of more than a hun-
dred years, it is a stench in the nostrils of the
great-great-grandchildren of the heroes of Sa-
vannah, Augusta, King's Mountain, Cowpens.
and the numerous other less noted fields on
which they shed their blood in defense of their
homes and their firesides. This act of confisca-
tion and perpetual banishment was passed on
*Hc was Lieutenant-Colonel of the Richmond county militia prior to
the reorganization in 1775, when the regiment was purged. He then
became a tory, and his neighbors suffered much at his hands. Hence
his cruel death.
the Uth day of March, 1782. It is prefaced by
a long- preamble in which, after reciting the vari-
ous crimes and acts of treason of which those
mentioned by name in the Act, had been g"uilty,
the battle-scarred old patriot, who drafted the
bill, said, with more force and pathos than rhe-
torical eleg"ance:
"The said treasons have been followed by a
series of murders, rapine and devastation as
cruel as they were unnecessary, whereby order
and justice were banished from the land, and
lawless power established on high, exhibiting;
the melancholy picture of Indians inflicting
dreadful punishments on both old and young of
the faithful and peaceable inhabitants of this
State ; women and children sitting on the ruins
of their houses, perishing by famine and cold,
whilst others were compelled, in the midst of a
rigorous season, to depart this State, being pre-
viously plundered of both their and their chil-
dren's clothing, and every other necessary that
might tend to mitigate the uncommon severities
exercised on the softer sex and their innocent
babes. Nor was this all. W^hilst these days of
blood and British anarchy continued with us,
and commanded the execution of our citizens
taken in arms — executions as unauthorized by
the laws of nations as they were cruel in
themselves — the torch was applied to the tem-
ples dedicated to the service of the Most High
God, whereby they completed a violation of
every right human and divine." Then follows a
list of the names of those who were, by the
terms of the act, "forever banished from this
State." It was provided in this law that if any
one named in it refused to leave the State, or
leaving- it, returned, he should be seized and
imprisoned "without bail or main-prize" and
sent away by the first ship that sailed to "some
part of the British king's dominions." If he ever
returned, he was to "suffer death without benefit
of clerg-y." I'nder the operation of this law
much of the property of the tories was confis-
cated to the State, and for the last two years of
the war almost all the expenses of the State,
civil and military, were paid from the proceeds
of the sale of confiscated property.
Such were the retaliatory laws enacted by the
patriots, exasperated by tory oppression, intoler-
ance, cruelty and robbery.
That no tory nor sympathizer with the tories
and the British government might escape, an
oath of renunciation and allegiance was exacted
of every man remaining- in the State'"' Officers
of the patriot g^overnment were sent into every
district in every county to see that all who
remained subscribed this oath, and the minutes
*Th;s oath was in these words : "I, , do solemnly
swear, without any equivocation or reservation of mind, that I do in
truth and sincerity, cheerfully and desirously, renounce and abjure the
King of Great Britain, his heirs and successors, and also the crown
thereof, forever; and I do solemnly swear that I will bear true allegiance
to the State of Georgia, and do everything in my power to support the
independence of the same, agreeable to the declaration passed in con-
gress on the fourth day of July, One Thousand Seven Hundred and
Seventy-six, and that also all treasons, combinations and conspiracies,
or any movemenf of the British troops, thtir emissaries or spies against
it, which shall come to my knowledge, I will immediately make known
to the nearest justice of the peace, so help me God."
4b
of the Executive Council show that on the 28th
day of January, 1782, it was "ordered that Wil-
ham Candler and William Jackson administer
the oath to the inhabitants of the upper part of
Richmond county." This was the part of the
county in which William Candler lived, and in
which the men of his regiment lived. They
were therefore well acquainted, knew who were
loyal and who were disloyal, and, no doubt, for
this reason, he was deemed especially fitted for
this work. At this time William Candler's
family was in exile beyond the Alleghany moun-
tains, and remained there till the close of the
war, while he continued actively in the military
service till the struggle was over, and had a part
in almost every campaign and engagement in
Georgia and the Carolinas during the last four
years of the war. This is attested, as well by
the meager printed history of this sanguinary
period now in existence, as by family tradition
and the old unpublished records on file in the
office of the Secretary of State.
It is a matter of sore regret to every loyal
Georgian that no history of the part taken by
Georgia, and her sons, in the war for independ-
ence, was attempted for nearly a generation
after the close of the war. So long a time had
elapsed that most of the soldiers who fought the
battles of the Revolution, were dead, when Cap-
tain Hugh McCall, a veteran of the war, though
wasted and enfeebled by age and disease in-
curred in the army of his country, often pros-
trate on his bed, and always a helpless cripple,
unable to walk, and confined to one spot, except
as he was trundled about in an easy chair on
wheels, and able to write only on a tablet rest-
ing- on his knee, "fired with patriotic zeal, and
anxious to wrest from impending; oblivion the
fading traditions of a State he loved so well,"
essayed the task; and to him are we, the great-
grandchildren of the Georgia heroes of the
Revolution, more indebted than to all others, for
all the printed history we have of the sufferings
and achievements of our ancestors during
the dark and bloody days of the war for inde-
pendence. Still many of the details of the times
so long past were unknown to, and unrecorded
by him. But few official reports of the battles
in which Georgia troops had been eng-aged were
in existence.
From the files of the newspapers published in
the Ignited States and in the Confederate States
during the war of secession, the impartial histo-
rian could now, without any other sources of
information, write a history of that gigantic
struggle. But at the time of the Revolution
there was but one newspaper published in Geor-
gia, and it was in Savannah. From its old files
could be, and doubtless was, gathered by Geor-
gia's first historian, much valuable historic in-
formation concerning the conduct of the War
of the Revolution in that quarter, and concern-
ing the part acted by the men who lived in that
part of the State. But in Augusta, the metrop-
olis of upper Georgia, where the patriots
suffered most, and where Georgia patriotism
and Georgia valor was most splendidly illus-
trated, there was no newspaper to chronicle the
deeds of daring- and heroic sacrifices and
achievements of the patriot soldiers in that
quarter.
The historian had to rely, therefore, solely on
oral tradition for details, and on the personal
recollections of those around him for the facts
of the history of the times of which he wrote.
They had a vivid recollection of the campai§"ns
and battles in which they were personally en-
gaged, and the part they played in them. Those,
all over the State, who were still in life, and who
had been active in public affairs since the close
of the war, were living reminders to him of the
part they had taken in the struggle, and he did
them ample justice. But of those who were
.dead, and of whose services there was not
even a newspaper record, there were no remind-
ers, and much that they did had been forgotten
in the rapid whirl of events following the close
of the war.
Especially was this true of the patriots of
upper Georgia, of whose services and sufferings
no account had ever been written, and whose
section Captain McCall, confined an invalid in
Savannah, could not visit personally in gather-
ing materials for his history. At that early
period, it must be remembered, the journey from
Savannah to Augusta was more arduous, and
required more time than that from Savannah to
New York now. All he could do, therefore,
was to record what he personally knew, and
leave to others to make record of the things he
omitted. But for more than another g-eneration,
no one else attempted to write a history of
Georgia.
Thus many men and many things worthy of a
conspicuous page in the history of the State,
have been given only a paragraph.
This is eminently true of William Candler who,
dying less than four years after the close of the
War of the Revolution, had, together with many
of his dead comrades, been almost forgotten be-
fore any one attempted to write a history of
that struggle, and to chronicle the deeds of those,
engaged in it. But notwithstanding these un-
propitious circumstances, unpropitious for his
fame and the fame of others similarly situated,
who died, at the dawn of freedom, enough was
recorded of Colonel William Candler, some of
which has been published in the books, and
much hitherto unpublished, to establish the fact
that no other Georgian of his day was more
active, in both the field and the forum, in shaping
the destiny of the infant commonwealth . The
deeds of those who lived many years to enjoy the
freedom they had won, were remembered and
recorded in the books. Those of the men who
died so soon were only partially written.
From the records yet in existence, published
and unpublished, I make the following extracts
bearing on William Candler's life and public
services. They establish all I have said concern-
inghim. The Reverend Ignatius A. Few, L. L. D.,
a grandson of W'illiam Candler and a nephew of
the Honorable William Few, the first senator ever
elected to the United States Congress from
Georgia, left in his family Bible, when he died
fifty years ago, a brief manuscript history of his
family. That manuscript is now before the
writer. It may be relied on for correctness as far
as it goes, for its author, Doctor Few, was born
more than a hundred years ago, lived, therefore,
in point of time, near to his grandfather, in the
same county in w^hich he had lived and died,
was a man eminent in his day for learning and
piety, and came fully up to Cicero's definition of
a good historian, "a man too brave to tell a lie,
and brave enough to tell the truth."" He says:
"William Candler was probably born in Ire-
land. His parents certainly were. He held the
rank of Colonel in the American army during
the war of the Revolution; and died and was
buried in Columbia county, Georgia, in 1789,
four miles east from Mount Carmel."
Lyman C. Draper, L. L. D., Secretary of the
State Historical Society of Wisconsin, in his
"King's Mountain and its Heroes," says "Major
W^illiam Candler, who, with Captains Carr and
Johnson, commanded the small party of Geor-
gians at King's Mountain, was born of English
parents in Belfast, Ireland, in 17^8, and was
brought to Virginia when a mere child. During
the war he served under Col. Clarke, was in the
attack on Augusta, at King's Mountain, and
Blackstock's, and rose to the rank of Colonel.
He was a member of the legislature of 1784-5,
was appointed a Judge, and died at his seat in
Columbia county, in 1789, at the age of fifty-one
years, leaving- several children, his oldest son,
Henry, having served in the army with him."
These two accounts, far apart in point of time
and distance, agree substantially as to the main
facts, and are, no doubt, substantially correct;
but there are minor errors in both. It is not
probable that William Candler was born in Ire-
land. His parents certainly were, but it is most
probable that he was born after they came to
America. The year of his birth was 173(), not
1738, and he died in 1787, not 1789, as stated.
He was moreover a Colonel, not a Major, at
the time of the battle of King's Mountain, as has
already been shown. Thus much as to the date
and place of his birth and death.
Of his military record, we have already given
a part gathered from documents in the capitol
of Georgia, hitherto unpublished. The following
accounts of his services as a soldier have been
published, and are here reproduced in the lan-
guage of the authors who published them.
Captain McCall, in his "History of Georgia,"
written in the early part of the present century,
when many of the actors in the stirring scenes
of the revolution were still living, and the sources
of information were much more abundant and
reliable than those at the command of subsequent
writers, says, "when Colonel Clarke raised the
siege of Augusta, in the summer of 1780, he
withdrew to the Little River country, which had,
in common with all the rest of the State, been
overrun and devastated by the enemy. He
there furloughed his men for a short time, that
they mi^ht look after the safety and welfare of
their families, and get themselves in readiness
for another active campaig-n."
Clarke's regiment was from Wilkes county,
on the north side of Little river, which was the
dividing line between the counties of Wilkes
and Richmond; and Candler's from the upper
part of Richmond county, on the south side of
the river.
In the month of September, the men of both
regiments were to meet at a place of rendezvous
appointed by Colonel Clarke, who, being the
senior officer, commanded all the troops.
When they met and "when (to quote McCall's
own words ) he { Clarke) was ready to march, he
found himself at the head of about three hun-
dred men, who had in their train four hundred
women and children. The condition of the
country for two years had been such that the
vestiges of cultivation were scarcely to be seen
anywhere, and to leave their families behind
under such circumstances, was to subject them
to certain want, if not starvation, in a country
under the control of an enemy whose barbarity
has been fully described.
"Colonel Clarke, therefore, resolved to escort
these helpless women and children to Ken-
tucky,* where they would be in a land of plenty
•Kentucky was then a part of Virginia; Tennessee, a part of North
Carolina. Boundary lines were ill-defined, and while Clarke supposed he
left the women and children in Kentucky, he really left them in East
Tennessee, between the French Broad and the Holston rivers, in the
"No'lichucky settlement." He never got within forty miles of the Ken-
and out of the reach of a barbarous enemy.
With this helpless multitude, like Moses from
Egypt, of olden time, Colonel Clarke com-
menced a march of two hundred miles, through
a mountainous wilderness, to avoid being cut
off by the enemy.
"On the eleventh day they reached the Wat-
tauga and Nollichucky rivers, on the north side
of the mountain, in a starxed and otherwise de-
plorable condition. Many of the men and wo-
men had received no subsistence for several
days, except nuts, and the last two, even the
children were subsisted on the same kind
of food. "'•' * "^ *
"Many of the tender sex were obliged to
travel on foot, and some of them without shoes.
"While Colonel Clarke was crossing the moun-
tains he met Captain Hampton, who informed
him that Colonel Campbell was collecting a
force on the west side of the mountains to at-
tack Ferguson. Major Candler and Captain
Johnson filed off with thirty men, and made a
junction with Colonel Campbell at Gilbert town,
and had a share in the defeat of Ferguson at
King's mountain on the 7th of October."
Dr. Draper in his account of the King's
Mountain campaign says: "While Colonel
tucky line. This part of Tennessee, now constituling the counties of
Washington and Sullivan, had been settled prior to the beginning of the
War of the Revolution, principally by immigrants from Southwest \'ir-
ginia, and because of its remoteness from the scenes of war, and its
abundance of food supplies, it was an inviting place of refuge for the
Georgians, who had been driven from their homes by the British and
their merciless allies, the tories.
54
Clarke, of Georg^ia, with his followers, was re-
treating: from that unhappy country with their
families, and were aiming- to cross the moun-
tains to the friendly Nollichucky settlements,
they were met by Captain Edward Hampton,
who informed them that Campbell, Sevier,
Shelly, and McDowell were collecting- a force
with which to attack Ferguson.
"Major William Candler and Captain John-
son, of Clark's party, filed off with thirty men
and formed a junction with the mountain men
near Gilbert town."
Thus these two historians do not differ as to
this heg-ira from Georgia, and the part played
by the Georg-ians in the King's Mountain cam-
paign. There is, however, some doubt as to
which Candler led the Georgians; if not, then
there is, in both accounts, a mistake as to his
rank. If the Candler, who commanded the
Georgians, was "Major Candler," he was Henry
Candler. If not Henry, then this Candler was
Colonel William Candler, not "Major" William
Candler. Both William Candler and his son
Henry were with Colonel Clarke when he led the
refugees from Georgia into East Tennessee.
The former was a Colonel, the latter a Major.
Both belonged to the same regiment. That
regiment, now very small, by reason of ardu-
ous service and the temporary dispersion of the
men in the States toward the north to take care
of their families, was a part of Colonel Clarke's
command, with which he was guarding the
w^omen and children across the mountains, when
he met Captain Hampton, and was informed by
him that Campbell was collecting- a force to
pursue Ferguson. From his small force of only
three hundred men, Clarke deemed it unwise to
detach many, and yet these g^allant Georgians
were anxious to have a share in the campaign
against Ferguson, at whose hands they had suf-
fered so much. Colonel Clarke, therefore, per-
mitted one of the Candlers, with a Captain and
thirty men, all he could spare, to leave him and
join the expedition.
It is probable that in selecting the officer for
this service he would have chosen the young
man, who had no family to guard on the jour-
ney into Tennessee, rather than the old one,
whose wife and children were with the party of
refugees, for whose protection and safety, the
expedition had been undertaken.
For these reasons the Candler who command-
ed the Georgians at King's mountain was, prob-
ably, Major Henry Candler, not Colonel Wil-
liam Candler.
The mistake of the historian was easy and
natural, since Colonel William Candler had
been, up to a short time previous to this, a
Major. It is true that the writer has not been
able to find any written record of the precise
time when Henry Candler attained the rank of
Major. But that he did attain that rank is a
moral certainty. He and his father were the
only two Candlers in Georgia old enough to
bear arms at the beginning of the war, and he
was at that time only fifteen or sixteen years
old. All the histories of the war agree that
there was, during- the last two years, a Colonel
Candler, and a Major Candler in command of
Georgia troops. These officers were sometimes
engaged in the same campaigns and battles.
They were both, according to all accounts, en-
gaged in the battle of Blackstock's Farm.
In the mutations of a desolating war, such as
prevailed in Georgia for the last four years of
the revolutionary struggle, when all official
records perished, it is not strange that the pre-
cise date on which promotions were made cannot
be fixed. Many other soldiers in this contest,
by gallantry and the casualties of battle, won
promotions of which there is no tangible record.
McCall in speaking of this says, "it would be as
difficult as it would be unnecessary, to notice all
the promotions that were made during a seven
years' war." Moreover, it is true that while all
the arms-bearing men in Georgia were enrolled
in the militia, and organized into companies and
regiments, all fully officered, these companies
and regiments were, much of the time, not in
active service. But it often happened that a
militia officer, when not under orders, and when
he saw where he could strike a blow for his
country, would call for volunteers for a special
service, and with such volunteers as would join
him, officers and men, go to meet the enemy.
Sometimes these volunteers selected their own
officers, who served them as such for a week or
a month, when the organization, having accom-
plished its object, would disband, and such
officers would drop back into the ranks of the
mihtia regiments to which they belonged. Usu-
ally the commanding officer of such temporary
organizations was a veteran officer of the State
troops, who was in actual commission, and often
some of his subordinates in the special service,
were, in the regular State organizations, his
equals in rank; while others, who were privates
or Corporals or Sergeants in the regular militia
organizations, were Captains and Majors in
these emergency corps. Elijah Clarke, unques-
tionably the best fighter Georgia had in the
Revolutionary War, while he sometimes fought
at the head of the Wilkes county regiment of
militia, of which he was at first Lieutenant-
Colonel, and afterward Colonel, most frequently
appears leading a volunteer force of this sort,
sometimes consisting of only men enough to
make a company, and at others of enough for a
regiment, or even two. The two Fews and the
two Candlers and Jackson often led volunteer
bands of this character, especially in the Caro-
linas, in 1780 and 1781, while the enemy held
Georgia.
This loose and irregular organization of Geor-
gia troops is not to be wondered at when we
remember that nearly all of her people were in
exile, and that she was for many months with-
out a Governor, and without any legal civil
government.
In the battle of Blackstock's Farm, as has
already been said, on the 18th of November,
1780, six weeks after the battle of King's Moun-
tain, both Colonel William Candler and Major
Henry Candler were present. McCall says :
"Colonel Twiggs, the senior officer under Gen-
eral Sumter, assisted by Colonel Clarke and
Majors Candler and Jackson, with the Georgia
militia, were to occupy the fence and the woods
to the left of the house.
-A- -K- -K- -a- •?;■ v!- ■«• vS-
"Colonel Candler had been detached on the
march to collect provisions."
On this foraging expediton Colonel Candler
encountered the enemy, and he and his wagon-
train narrowly escaped capture. So closely was
he pursued that in a few more minutes they
would have been captured, had they not, at the
supreme moment, reached the picket line of
Sumter's army; for says McCall: "Colonel
Candler, with his forage wagons, had just
passed Sumter's pickets, when they fired on
Tarleton's van."
Five days prior to this, on the 13th of Novem-
ber, at Fishdam Ford, one of the Candlers, if
not both, was with General Sumter in the fight.
In his account of this affair, McCall says: "Dur-
ing the day Colonels Twiggs and Clarke and
Majors Candler and Jackson, with about a hun-
dred Georgia militia, and in the evening. Col-
onel McCall. with a part of his regiment, joined
the camp." We cannot tell with certainty
which of the Candlers this was. It could have
been either. Henry had never gone beyond the
mountains; but after starting with Clarke and
the refugees, and going with them till they met
Hampton, and learned that a force was beings
collected to pursue Ferguson, he turned back,
and joined this expedition at Gilbert town, and,
his force being very small, only thirty men, he
attached himself and his thirty Georgians to
Colonel Williams' South Carolina regiment,
marched with them and fought with them at
King's Mountain. After this, the object for
which the expedition had been organized — the
destruction of Ferguson's army — having been
accomplished, the patriot band, which accom-
plished it dispersed, the troops from each State
returning to their respective homes.
The enemy held Georgia; Major Candler
could not, therefore, go home, as the other
King's Mountain troops did; but he could go to
General Sumter in South Carolina. This he
did, and remained with him till he was, in one of
the subsequent battles, either Long Cane or
Cowpens, desperately wounded. But it is proba-
ble that the Candler, who is named by McCall
as having joined Sumter at Fishdam Ford, was
Colonel William Candler, notwithstanding
McCall persists in calling him "Major" Candler,
for Colonel Clarke came with him. These two
officers, Colonels Clarke and Candler, it must be
borne in mind, had gone on into Kentucky with
the women and children, when Henry Candler
turned back to pursue Ferguson.
After they had disposed of their helpless
charge, and left them in a place of security and
plenty, they returned, not to Georgia, for the
enemy held that state from the mountains to the
sea; but to South Carolina, where they joined
General Sumter, as Major Henry Candler had
done after the battle of King's Mountain. This
was some two weeks after the last named battle,
for we are informed that they "returned to the
borders of South Carolina about the 20th of
October."
This was the first fighting; Colonels Clarke and
Candler had done since their vain attempt to
drive the enemy out of Augusta in the preced-
ing summer. After that unsuccessful effort,
which was harshly criticised by some, but which,
nevertheless, seems to have been well planned,
and to have failed only because the enemy were
so heavily re-inforced that to have continued the
siege, or to have attempted to storm the town,
would have been equally suicidal, they had been
wholly engaged in leading the non-combatants
out of upper Georgia into a place of safety.
This accomplished, they, with their followers,
returned to the conflict, and were engaged in
almost every battle with the enemy in Georgia
and the Carolinas up to the close of the war.
Colonel Clarke and Major Candler were both
severely wounded soon afterward, Clarke at Long
Cane, and Candler either there or at Cowpens.
In his account of the battle of Blackstock's
Farm, Colonel Samuel Hammond, an officer who
was engaged in the battle, and who was after-
ward a member of congress from Georgia, and
subsequently the financial agent of the general
government in the territory of Missouri, says:
"To obtain information of the movements of
the enemy, and, if possible, to get possession of,
and bring away or destroy, the provisions stored
at Summer's, Colonel Thomas Taylor, of South
Carolina, and Colonel Candler, of Georgia,
were dispatched down the country with this
object in view. At the same time Lieutenant-
Colonel Williamson, of Clarke's regiment, of
Georgia, and Major S. Hammond were detached
toward Captain Faust's to attack and, if possi-
ble, to break up the station."
-X- a- -K- -X- -X- -X- -x- -x-
"Williamson failed in his enterprise. ^' ''" '^
■fj -X- -X- Xaylor and Candler were still in the
rear with a host of the bravest spirits in our
little army.
"Sumter reluctantly halted and refreshed his
men and horses in about a half mile of Black-
stock's field. ^ ^ ^ ^ i, ^
"The men and horses having fed hastily, the
line of march was resumed, and when Black-
stock's house was in view, our rear videttes fired
at the advancing cavalry of the enemy. Col-
onels Taylor and Candler, at that moment,
drove in with their wagons loaded with flour,
etc., passed our guard, and entered the open
field at Blackstock's. At the next moment
Tarleton charged."
After describing the disposition of the forces.
Colonel Hammond says: "Thus placed. Gen-
eral Sumter ordered Colonel Clarke, of Georgia,
to take a hundred good men, pa^s the enemy's
right, then formed in the open field, and, in
cover of the woods, attack the infantry in the
rear, and cut off their horses there picketed.
This order was promptly obeyed by Colonel
Clarke and Colonel Candler, of Georgia, who
just coming in with Taylor, volunteered on that
service, as did Major Hammond with his
command. '' '' '^ '• '^ '• *
"Colonel Candler had one horse killed under
him, and Major Hammond had two killed under
him; but they remounted on infantry horses
taken from the enemy.
"General Sumter, although badly wounded in
this engagement, continued with his troops, car-
ried on an uncomfortable litter, until they passed
Burwick's Iron Works, after which his com-
mand was divided. A part continued with the
General as an escort until they reached North
Carolina, while the Georgians, commanded by
Twiggs, Clarke, Candler and B. Few, turned
westward, and in a few days marched toward
Ninety-Six, taking their course along the foot
of the mountains."
The foregoing are a few extracts taken from
the imperfect records of this eventful period of
Georgia's history yet in existence. From them
it is evident that William Candler was one of
the most active spirits in the scenes of those
years of devastation, suffering and carnage.
When the war closed, he brought his family
back from its exile in Tennessee, rebuilt his de-
stroyed habitation, and became as active in civil
pursuits and* in moulding the government of the
infant State of Georgia as he had been in the
war for independence. He was by nature en-
dowed with great energ-y and enterprise, and
was, when the war began, possessed of ample
fortune, most of which was swept away during
the years 1780 and 1781, when the insatiate
Brown held sway in Augusta. Still, with what
he saved from the wreck of war, and what he
made during the few years he lived after the
close of the struggle, he died in easy, if not
affluent, circumstances, and the old records of
the county of Richmond, and of the city of
Augusta, show that he was actively connected
with every enterprise inaugurated while he lived
looking to the promotion of the prosperity and
welfare of both. After his death, the legislature
of the State, in 1789, passed a bill providing for
the payment to "Henry Candler, administrator
of William Candler deceased," of a consider-
able sum of money "for services rendered, and
supplies furnished" by him to the State. Xor
were his efforts during the brief time he lived
after the close of the war, in which he bore so
conspicuous a part, directed alone to the pro-
motion of the material interests of the State.
He was as active in politics, and in the councils
of the infant commonwealth, as he had been in
the field in the establishment of its independence.
The first legislature elected after the treaty of
peace between the British government and the
successful colonies was concluded, met in
Savannah on the 6th of January, 1784. He
was a member of this body, and from the jour-
nal of the 8th of January, two days after it
assembled, the following extract is made : "A
double return being made for the members for
the county of Richmond; ordered that said
returns be referred to the committee on privi-
leges and elections."
On the evening of the same day the commit-
tee made this report: "The committee on privi-
leges and elections on the double returns from
the county of Richmond, report as follows:
That on the Richmond county returns they find
that the elections for that county, since the Con-
stitution was made, have ever been held at
Browmsborough, except the first, which was held
at the Little Kiokee; that no election for repre-
sentatives has ever been held at Augusta, since
that time, for this county. We find no place
pointed out by law for holding of elections.
But as it has been customary, for several years,
to hold elections at Brownsborough, the returns
from that place should be received as the legal
returns of the county."
The discussion of this report brought out the
facts. Polls were opened at both Browns-
borough and Augusta. The managers of each
precinct counted its vote, and sent up its re-
turn, claiming that it was the only lawful return
of the election for the county.
The committee, as is seen above, reported in
favor of the Brownsborough return as the law-
ful return, because no election under the Con-
stitution had ever been held in Augusta. The
house, however, voted down the report of the
committee, and, in the spirit of true democracy,
which holds that the ballot of every qualified
voter should be effective, and that a mistake as
to the place at which an election should be held,
especially when no place had been fixed by law,
should not disfranchise a freeman, adopted as a
substitute for it a resolution, "That the ten g-entle-
men who have a majority of the votes appearing^
from the papers returned to this house by the
justices of Richmond county, take their seats as
having- the suffrages of the people." Thus all
the votes cast at both places were counted, and
the* ten persons receiving a majority of the
whole were declared, by the house, entitled to
the seats.
"Whereupon the following g;entlemen from
the county of Richmond appeared to have a
majority of the votes, attended and, beings quali-
fied, took their seats.
Mr. William Candler,
Mr. Glasscock,
Mr. McFarland,
Mr. Middleton,
Mr. William Few,
Mr. Lee,
Mr. Benjamin Few,
Mr. Fahn."
This was the first election held in Richmond
county after the close of the war of the Revolu-
tion, and the first contested election recorded in
the annals of the Georgia leg:islature.
It is an interesting fact that William Candler,
a soldier of the w^ar for independence, received
the hig;hest vote cast, and that three of his col-
leagues in this legislature, to wit: Colonels
William Few, Benjamin Few and G. C. Lee,
were his comrades in the war.
This was his last public service. Retiring; from
the legislature at the end of 178."), the liberties
of his people having- been secured, and the
machinery of the State government having been
perfected and put in motion, he withdrew from
active politics, and directed all his efforts to the
rehabilitation of his fortune, wrecked by the war.
Notwithstanding, however, his desire to be re-
lieved from public cares, he was, on his retire-
ment from the legislature, appointed one of the
Justices for Richmond county, a position of much
dignity and importance under the first Constitu-
tion, and held that place during the remainder
of his life.
Thus far we have written only of his birth and
his public services. Of his private and domestic
life we have said but little.
Doctor Few informs us that "he married, in
17(30, Elizabeth Anthony, whose grandfather
was a Genoese Italian, and her mother a Clarke.
She was the oldest of a numerous family, and
one of h'er nephews * was Governor of Kentuc-
ky. She had brothers who died and left fami-
lies— Christopher, Joseph, Micajah, Mark, James
and Boling — and sisters, two of whom, Mary
and Winifred, married Carters.-f Agnes mar-
ried Blakely, one to Lane, one to Cooper,:}; Ju-
dith to W^are and Penelope to Johnson. She
was a Quaker and preached."
*James Clark, in 1825.
tThe late Farish Carter, of Georgia, was descended from one of them.
f The late Hon. Mark A. Cooper was descended from her.
The foregoing" is all the written history we
have of the family of William Candler's wife,
Elizabeth Anthony. The land records show that
some of her brothers, and brothers-in-law came
to Georgia and settled.
William Candler and his wife, Elizabeth, left
a numerous family, of whom we will speak in
another chapter.
William Candler died in 1787, on the estate on
which he settled in 1769, then in the Parish of
Saint Paul, subsequently in the county of Rich-
mond, then when Columbia county was formed',
in Columbia, and now in the county of McDuffie.
He was, at the date of his death, fifty-one years
old.
His wife survived him sixteen years, and,
some years after his death, married Captain Cor-
nelius Dysart, who was a veteran of the War of
the Revolution, a member of the General As-
sembly, and subsequently a member of the Exe-
cutive Council for Richmond county. She died
in Baldwin County, Georgia, in 1803, and was
buried on the East side of the Oconee river, op-
posite to the City of Milledgeville.
CHAPTER II.
We have, in the preceding chapter, traced the
history of Wilham Candler, of Richmond coun-
ty, Georgia, from his first appearance in North
CaroHna, in 17(50, down to his death, in 1787.
We hav^e also said that he was a lineal de-
scendant of Lieutenant-Colonel William Can-
dler, of Callan Castle, Ireland, and have shown
why his parents left Ireland and came to North
Carolina.
But what was the relationship of the two Wil-
liam Candlers ? Who was the Georgian's father?
W^ho his grandfather ? In new countries, in
which population is sparse, public records of
births and deaths and genealogies are seldom,
if ever, kept; especially was this true in the in-
fancy of the American States, so far removed
from all the rest of the civilized world, and sur-
rounded on all sides by boundless oceans. So
remote and isolated were they, indeed, that their
country was called, by the rest of the civilized
people of the earth, "the new world." Hence it
is rare that any American of this day, whose an-
cestors came over before the Revolutionary
War, can trace his lineage in an unbroken line,
to his ancestors in the old world. Fortunately,
however, we have, in the case of W^illiam Can-
dler, circumstantial evidence so strong that we
can scarcely err in coming to a conclusion as to
his origin and ancestry.
It is an undisputed fact that both his parents
were born and reared in Ireland; and that they
were married there. It is also an established
fact that his father, though born and reared in
Ireland, was of pure English blood, while his
mother was of equally pure Irish. We know
that he was born in 173(3, either in Ireland or
North Carolina, where we first find him, a young"
man. We know from the records that there was,
at the time of his birth, and is now, but one fam-
ily of Candlers in Ireland, the descendants of
Lieutenant-Colonel William Candler, of North-
ampton county, England, who went to Ireland
with Cromwell, and served under him in all his
campaigns on that island, and finally settled,
after the subjugation of the Irish people, in Cal-
lan Castle, county Kilkenny, an estate granted
to him for his military services. Knowing these
facts we can not escape the conclusion, that Col-
onel William Candler, of the American Revo-
lution, was a lineal descendant of Lieutenant-
Colonel William Candler, who fought under
Cromwell, and who settled in Ireland at the close
of his military career.
This being established the question recurs,
what was the relationship of the American Wil-
liam Candler to the William Candler of Ire-
land ? Not his son, for the latter must have been
born more than a hundred years before the
former ; moreover, we know that William Cand- |
ler, of Callan Castle, had but two sons, Thomas ]
Candler of Callan Castle, and "John Candler, ;
Esquire". Nor was he his grandson. He was j
born too late for that. He must, therefore, have j
been his g:reat-gTandson. John Candler, Esquire,
had but one son, Thomas Candler of Kilbine,
who had but one, Walsingham, who died with-
out issue. Thus this line became extinct. Col-
onel William Candler, of Georg-ia, must,therefore,
have been the grandson of Thomas Candler of
Callan castle, who had at least three sons, and
probably more, to wit: Reverend Henry Candler
D. D., Arch Deacon of Ossory, Reverend Wil-
liam Candler D. D., of Castlecomer, Kilkenny,
and Thomas Candler of Dublin, Esquire. Col.
William Candler of Georg-ia, must have been
the son of one of these three, or of a brother of
theirs, whose name does not appear in the pub-
lished tables of genealogies. If he was the son
of either of these, he was born in Ireland, for
neither of them ever came to America. He was
certainly not the son of Arch Deacon Candler,
for he had another son named William, "Cap-
tain William Candler of Callan, county Kil-
kenny, and Acomb, county York," who succeeded
him as the lord of Callan Castle ; nor was he the
son of Reverend William Candler of Castle-
comer, for he had but two sons, one by each of
his two wives, Henry Candler L. L. D., by his
first wife. Miss Aston, and Edward of Prior
Park and Combe Hill in the county of Somerset
and Ag^hamure, county Kilkenny, by Mary
\^avasour, his second wife.
Thus it is demonstrated that W^illiam Candler
of Georgia, was the son of either Thomas Cand-
ler of Dublin, or of a fourth son of Thomas of
Callan, who came to America, and whose name
no longer appears in the Eng^lish tables of the
g-enealogy of the family.
It has always been a tradition in the family of
the Georgia Candlers that we have Irish blood
in our veins. It must have been derived from
the mother of Colonel William Candler, for his
father was the son of Thomas of Callan and his
wife, Jane Tuite, both of pure English blood.
Of Colonel William Candler's mother we
know but little. Tradition says she was of the
Irish race, and her grandson, Dr. Few, has re-
corded the fact that she was born in Ireland, and
lived to the extreme age of a hundred and five
years. Further than this we know nothing, not
even her name, nor whether she was the wife of
Thomas of Dublin, or of a fourth son of Thomas
of Callan, who came to America. If she was the
wife of Thomas of Dublin, W^illiam Candler was
born in Ireland, for Thomas of Dublin nev'er
came to America ; if the w^ife of a fourth son of
Thomas of Callan then it is almost a certainty
that his parents came to America before his birth,
and that he was born here, and that his father
died soon after his birth.
But whether he was born in Ireland or Amer-
ica, it is demonstrated that William Candler's
father was one of the sons of Thomas Candler
of Callan Castle; and his wife, Jane Tuite, who
was the daughter of Sir Henry Tuite, and his
wife, Diana Mabbot. Diana Mabbot was the
niece of Edward Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, who
was the father of the Duchess of York, the first
wife of James Stuart, Duke of York, afterward
James the Second, King; of England ; and the
mother of Queen Mary, wife of King; William of
Orange, and of Queen Anne, who ruled after the
death of W^illiam and Mary.
Hence William Candler, of Georgia, was the
grandson of Jane Tuite, the great-grandson of
Diana Mabbot, the great-grand-nephew of the
Earl of Clarendon, and fourth cousin to Queens
Mary and Anne, of England.
His blood relationship to the royal family
makes the theory that the father of the Georgia
William Candler, who is known to have married
an Irish woman, came to America to escape
social ostracism, the more probable; because,
while the English might condone the offense in a
commoner, or even in one with noble blood in his
veins, they would hardly forgive one connected
by blood, however remotely, with the royal fam-
ily, for so grave a breach of social law. That
the reader may trace these genealogies for him-
self, I append the following extracts from the
leading British authors on genealogy.
Walford, in his "County Families of the
United Kingdom," says —
"Candler— This family is of great antiquity in
Norfolk and Suffolk, are of Saxon origin, and
are maternally descended from the noble family
of \^avasour. The name was formerly spelt
Kaendler. A branch settled in Ireland temp
Cromwell."
Baker's history of Northampton County: "The
first Candler named is William Candler, Es-
quire, a Lieutenant-Colonel under Cromwell;
settled in Ireland, married Anne, widow of Cap-
tain John Villiers."*
Their children were:
1. Thomas Candler of Callan Castle, county
Kilkenny, who married twice — first Elizabeth,
daughter of Captain William Burrell, by Eliza-
beth, sister and co-heir of the Very Reverend
Benjamin Phipps, Dean of Ferns, a branch of
the family of Phipps from which the Earls of
Mulgrave descended, but had no issue. He mar-
ried, second, Jane, daughter of Sir Henry Tuite,
Baronet of Sonagh, in the county of West
Meath, by Diana Mabbot, niece of Edward
Hyde, the celebrated Earl of Clarendon, and
first cousin of her Royal Highness, the Duchess
of York, mother of Queens Mary and Anne, by
whom he had —
I. Henry, D. D., Arch Deacon of Ossory, and
Rector of the great living of Callan, who mar-
ried Anne, daughter of Francis Flood, of Burn-
church, in the county of Kilkenny, sister of
Right Honorable Warden Flood, Lord Chief
Justice of Ireland, and aunt of Sir Frederic
Flood, Baronet. He had issue: 1st, Thomas; 2d,
William of Acomb, in the county of York; some-
time a Captain in the tenth regiment of foot,
who married Mary, only daughter of William
*Of the family of George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham. The oldest
member of the House of Commons at this time, Charles Villiers, is a
member of the same family. He has represented Wolverhampton in
Parliament for sixty years, and is ninety years old. He was one of the
prime movers, with Brightand Cobden, in the "Corn Law" agitation, and
his constituents, a few years ago, erected his statue in brass, in his na-
tive town, Wolverhampton, he being still alive, a mark of honor rarely
shown even in appreciative England.
74
Vavasour, Esquire, of Weston Hall, in the county
of York, by Anne, daug-hter of John Champlin,
Esquire of Tathwell, in the county of Lincoln,
by whom he had: 1st, Henry, of whom hereafter;
2d, Sir Thomas, of the Russian orders of Saint
Anne, Saint Georg-e and Saint Waldimir, etc.
n. William Candler, D. D., of Castle Comer,
in the county of Kilkenny, who married, first,
Miss Aston, by whom he had Henry Candler,
L.L. D., who married Mrs. Elwood, daug-hter
of Matthew, Esquire, of Bonneston, county
Kilkenny, and left Henry, a Captain in the army,
who died at Saint Doming-o in 179().
He married, second, Mary, daughter and co-
heir of Charles Ryves, Esquire, and also co-heir
(with her cousins, Mary Juliana, Lady Morres,
and Anne, wife of Thomas Croker, Esquire, of
Blackweston, in county Kildare, whose daughter
and heiress was created a peeress by the title of
Baroness of Crofton ) of Sir Richard Ryves, Kt.,
a Baron of the Exchequer, by whom he had; 2d,
Edward of Prior Park and Combhill, in the
county of Somerset, and Aghamure, county Kil-
kenny, who, on succeeding to considerable es-
tates in the county of Norfolk and Lincoln, un-
der the will of his relative, Marg-aret, relict of
Sir Robert Brown, and daug:hter of the Honora-
ble Robert Cecil, second son of James, Earl of
Salisbury, took the name of Brown, in addition
to and after that of Candler, by sig-n manual
dated May (5th, 1803.
He married Hester, daug-hter of P. Bury, of
Little Island, in county Cork, but left no issue.
III. Thomas Candler, of Dublin, who married
and left issue — John Candler, of Castlewood, in
Queens county — who died without issue.
"Arch Deacon Candler died in 1757, and was
succeeded by his eldest son, Thomas Candler, of
Kilmog-any; who married Sarah Letchwood, by
whom having no issue he was succeeded by his
nephew, Henry Candler, Esquire, eldest son of
his brother. Captain William Candler, of Acomb,
York, by Mary Vavasour, his wife. He mar-
ried Mary, only child of William Ascoug-h,
Esquire, of York."
Burke in his "History of the Landed Gentry"
says: "William Candler, Esquire, a Lieuten-
ant-Colonel in the army under Cromwell, had
considerable g;rants of land in the counties of
Kilkenny and Wexford, and, therefore, settled
in Ireland. He was succeeded by his son,
Thomas Candler, of Callan Castle.
"Thomas Candler, of Callan Castle, was
father of Henry Candler and William Candler,
D. D., who married Mrs. Elwood. She bore
him Henry Candler, a Captain in the army, who
died in Saint Domingo in 179().
"Thomas Candler, of Callan Castle, was suc-
ceeded by his son, the venerable Henry Cand-
ler, D. D., Arch Deacon of Ossory, and rector
of the great living of Callan, who married Anne,
daughter of Francis Flood, and sister of the
Right Honorable Warden Flood, Lord Chief
Justice of Ireland. Arch Deacon Candler was
succeeded by his son, Reverend Thomas Candler,
of Kilmogany. He had no children, and was
succeeded by his nephew, Henry Candler, Es-
I quire, eldest son of Captain William Candler, of
jYork county. He died in 1815, and was suc-
ceeded by his son, Henry Candler, who died
unmarried, in 1825, and was succeeded by his
brother, the present W^illiam Candler, Esquire,
of the royal navy. "'
Burke says : "The name appears on a fine
monumicnt in Tottenham church spelled Can-
deler : 'Here resteth in peace ye body of Rich-
ard Candeler, Esquire, Justice of Peace within
ye county of Middel; born at W^alsing-ha, in the
county of Norfolk. He married Eliz: Locke, ye
I daughter and sole heir of Matthew Locke,
I second son of Sir William Locke, Kt. They
i lived together in holie wedlock 2(j years. They
I had issue — one son and one daughter; Edward
i died in his infancie, and Anne, the first wife of
Sir Ferdinando Hybourne, Knight. He ended
this life the 21 October Ao. Dni. 1G02, aged 61
years, and the said Eliz: deceased the 2d day of
Jan., 1(322.
" 'Here also resteth in peace the body of Sir
I Ferdinando Hybourne, Kt., Justice of the Peace
' in the county of Midd. He wayted at the feet
of Qu. Elizabeth of famous memory, and our
sovereign lord K. James, in their privy chamber.
He was a careful magistrate, without respect of
I persons, and a true friend to the cause of the
j poor. He married dame Anne, ye daughter
and heir of Richard Candeler, Esqre. They
I lived together in holy wedlock 23 years, and he
ended this life the 1 June, 1()18, aged GO years,
77
and Dame Anne ended this life the 24 of June,
A. D. K)!.'), ag-ed 44 years.' "
"On a orrave stone on the floor is inscribed :
" 'Hic jacet doinina Atma^ uxor carissima Ferdi-
natidi Hybouvftc^ militis, filia et haeres Ric: Candeler
et E/iz., iixoris ejus, quae obiit 24 Junii, i^iS- Prole
carens Christi vice prolis amavit amantes carens ei
ante omnes aeger egens, fuitS
"It was also spelled Kaendler, from which it
is presumed to be of Saxon origin."
"In 183(5, Edward Candler, Esquire, of More-
ton, married Janet Sempill, Baroness Sempill
in the Scottish Peerage, and sister of Lord Sel-
kirk, who thereupon, by royal license, assumed
the surname of Sempill only." Thus the name
Candler became extinct in Ireland.
"The arms of the family were 'parted in terce.
per fesse. indented, the chief per pale azure and
argent, the base or, a canton gules. Crest, the
figure of an angel proper, vested argent, hold-
ing in the dexter hand, a sword, the blade wavy
of the first, pomel and hilt or, motto, ' Ad mor-
tem fidelis^ "' The foregoing extracts, taken from
the most authentic records and publications, fur-
nish a concise history of Lieutenant-Colonel
William Candler, who was the progenitor of the
name in Ireland, and his descendants down to
the present day.
That the catalogue of the descendants of the
first English Lord of Callan Castle made by
Burke, is complete, is not pretended. Indeed, it
is not necessary that it should be. In England,
where the law of primogeniture prevails, it is im-
portant that complete and accurate lists of the
families of those nearest to the succession be
preserved; but of the young^er sons of the landed
g-entry, and even of the nobility, this is not nec-
essary. They are, in numerous families, too far
from the succession to hope ever to inherit the
ancestral acres. Hence of many of these not
even the names are preserved in the g:enealog-i-
cal tables, and the books of heraldry. Often
these young-er sons of the gentry and the nobil-
ity emigrate beyond the seas, and seek to make
for themselves name and fortune. Thus we see
in the fifth g;eneration of this same family, while
Henry, the second child and oldest son of W'il-
liam of Callan and his wife, Mary V^avasour,
remained in Ireland, and succeeded, under the
law of primogeniture, to the family estate, his
younger brother, Thomas, who could not inherit
while his older brother, or any of his male de-
scendants lived, emigrated to Russia, joined the
Russian navy, got to be a \'ice-Admiral, and
was decorated by the Czar with the badges of
three orders of knighthood. Saint Ann, Saint
George and Saint W'aldimir.
For the same reasons, and for the additional
reason heretofore given, it is more than probable
— indeed almost certain — that the father of Wil-
liam Candler of Georgia, came to America, and
planted the family name on this continent, as
Sir Thomas, two generations later, planted it in
Russia; and had William Candler of Georgia,
married an English instead of an Irish wife and
fought for, instead of against, the British crown
in the War of the Revolution, no doubt his name
too, as that of Sir Thomas, would appear in the
g-enealog^ical tables, as the grandson of Thomas
of Callan. That this was the relationship be-
tween the two cannot be doubted, established as
it is, by an array of circumstances, affording
proof stronger, if possible, than a written record.
At the end of this little volume is inserted a
genealogical chart of the descendants of Wil-
liam Candler of Callan Castle, who have lived
in England, Ireland and Russia. It is taken
from Baker's History of Northampton County.
To it I have added the American branch of
the family.
CHAPTER III.
Having: thus far confined ourselves mainly to
the lives of William Candler and his wife, Eliza-
beth Anthony, and their ancestry, we will in this
chapter speak more at length of their descend-
ants.
William Candler and his wife Elizabeth, had
eleven children, Mary, Henry, Falby, William,
Charles, Elizabeth, John, Amelia, Joseph, Mark
Anthony, and Daniel.
Charles died when a child. All the others
lived to be g"rown. William and John never
married. All but these two did, and all who
married left children except Joseph, who died
without issue.
Mary, the eldest child, married, as has been
stated. Major Ig-natius Few, who served through
the entire W^ar of the Revolution in the conti-
nental army, first as a Lieutenant, then Captain,
and finally as Major. He was the brother of
Colonels Benjamin and W^illiam Few, both
distinguished officers in the patriot army.
Ig"natius Few and his wife, Mary Candler, had
four children, Elizabeth, Mary, William, and
Ig'natius Alphonso.
Elizabeth married John William Devereux in
1795, and died in Columbia county in 1799.
Mary died in infancy.
William was born in 17S2, and married Han-
nah Andrew, in 1S()7. He died in Columbia
county in 1819.
Ignatius Alphonso, the youngest child, was
born in Columbia county, Georgia, on the 11th
of April, 1790. He married Salina Agnes Carr,
daughter of Colonel Thomas Carr, a soldier
of the Revolution, on the 29th of August,
1811, and died in Athens, Georgia, in 1845.
On the campus of Emory College at Oxford,
Georgia, of which institution he w^as one of the
founders, and the first president, is a marble
monument erected to his memory."^' He left no
children.
* Oa this monument are three inscriptions :
On the North side—
I. A. FEW,
Founder and first President
of
Emory College.
Elected December 8th, 1837;
Entered upon his duties September 10, 1838, resigned July 17, 1839.
" Memoria prodenda liberis nostris."'
In early life an infidel, beame a Christian from conviction, and for
many years of deep affliction walked by iaith in ihe Son of God.
A profound theologian, and an earnest, eloquent preacher, whose
sermons and whose life and death exhibited in beautiful harmony pro-
found wisdom and child-like simplicity and humble and unfaltering con-
fidence in God.
On the South side—
ViviT : — Non mostuusest.
A Tribute of Love and Veneration to Exalted worth from the
Few and Phi Gamma Societies
of
Emory College.
Sister Associations, who thus delight to honor the memory of their com-
mon founder and patron.
On the East side—
The grand Lodge of Georgia erects this monument in token of high
regard for a deceased brother,
IGNATIUS A. FEW,
Who departed this life in y\thens, Ga , November 2Sth, 1845, aged 56
years, 7 months and 17 days.
S2
He was a man of great learning and piety,
and one of the most eminent divines in the min-
istry of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He
was also one of the founders of Wesleyan Fe-
male College at Macon, Georgia, the oldest
female college in the world. In the founding of
Emory College he expended much of his ample
fortune, and that institution stands to-day a mon-
ument to his liberality, enterprise, piety and
devotion to the church in whose service he died.
It is said that he and John Forsyth were the
only two Georgians upon whom a British Uni-
versity ever conferred the degree of L. L. D.
Henry, the second child of William and Eliza-
beth Candler, was born in 17G2, and served
He was born April nth, ^879-, in Columbia county, then the county
of Richmond, in this State.
As a Mason he possessed all those noble traits of character which
constitute the worthy brother of this ancient and honorable order. As a
minister of the gospel he exemplified the beautiful description of the poet-
' His theme divine,
His office sacred, his credentials clear,
By him the violated law spoke out
Its thunders; and by him in strains as sweet
As angels use, the gospel whispered peace.
As a patron of education and learning his complement is seen in the
buildings which this monument confronts.
As a Patriot he was among the first on the battleiield at his coun-
try's call m the war of 1812, from which he returned to honor that country
as a private citizen.
In private life he was distinguished for the amenity of his manners,
the worth of his friendship, his high social qualities, and his varied and
useful knowledge. Masons, Christians, Scholars, Patriots, and Citizens
Join each in the sentiment.
" Care Vale ! Sed non eternum, Care Valeto !
Namqueiterum i^um sini, modo dignus ero;
Tum nihil ampleTis potent divellere nostros
Nee tu marcesces, nee lachrimabor ego."
throug:h the war of the Revolution, and rose to
the rank of Major. He, in one of the battles in
South Carolina, in 1781, but in which one is not
now positively known, was desperately wounded,
and. besides other injuries, lost an arm.
In the journal of the General Assembly of Geor-
gia of Sunday, the 4th of Aug-ust, 1782, (the
leg"islature sat on Sunday as on any other day,
at that period) is this record — ''Resolved^ that
John Lindsey be empowered to purchase one
negro fellow (at the sale of confiscated estates)
for Doctor Timothy Russell, the same to be
given him in full of his account for curing the
said Lindsey, and also Thomas Greer, and Henry
Candler, w^ho were maimed and much wounded
in the service of their country."
After the close of the war of the Revolution
he married a Miss Oliver, and settled in Warren
county, Georgia, near the settlement in which he
was reared. He left only one child, a son, who
died in Macon county, Georgia, about 1867, with-
out issue.
Of Joseph and John the writer has but little
information. They were both in the army when
mere boys, about the close of the war of the
Revolution, but their services were on the west-
ern border of the state against the Indian allies
of the British. Both of them, as well as their
brother. Major Henry Candler, and their father,
Colonel William Candler, received bounties of
land for their military services. This is shown
by the land records in the office of the Secretary
of State.
Colonel William Candler's bounty was one
of the finest bodies of land in Washington
county, eleven hundred and fifty acres. It is in
a big: bend of the Oconee river.
John died without issue, never having married.
Joseph married, but to whom is not known to
the writer, and if he had children they died with-
out issue.
William was probably an invalid. He never
married, and, though older than John and Joseph,
he was not in the army. It is probable that he
died when he was about grown.
Mark, the youngest son, except Daniel, of Col-
onel \\^illiam Candler's children, was married
twice. The writer does not know to whom he
was first married, but by this wife he had two
children, John and Louisa.
I. John was a farmer and married, lived and
died in Columbia county, Georgia, where he was
born. His most marked characteristic was his
piety and goodness. He was unambitious, and
hence aroused no envies nor jealousies, and was
one of those of whom all men speak well. He
died in 1892 at the age of 8.1 years.
In early life he married a Miss Young of Col-
umbia county. They had but two children,
Elizabeth and William. I have been unable to
learn to whom Elizabeth was married, or what
became of her. William never married and died
a few years ago without issue.
II. Louisa married a man named Shivers in
Warren county, but of her descendants the
writer knows nothing.
85
1^
In 181() Mark A. Candler was married the
second time, to Lucy White, who, althoug-h a
native of Georgia, was of Irish parentage. It is
related that her parents took passage on the
same ship from Dublin, Ireland, about the year
95, and that they met first on board ship shortly
after leaving Dublin. During the long tedious
voyage they were thrown much together, and the
friendship which sprang up between them soon
ripened into love. With the natural ardor of his
race, the young Irishman pressed his suit, and
they were married soon after landing in this coun-
try. .Thos- W'hite, of Columbia county, a brother
of Lucy White, was a man of considerable prom-
inence in his time.
Mark A. Candler and his family lived in an
old fort constructed during the Revolutionary
war at Wrightsborough, in Columbia county.
His avocation was that of a farmer, and from all
accounts, he was not possessed of a very large
share of this world's goods. In fact, at his death,
his family was left in rather straitened circum-
stances, and for several years his young widow
had a hard struggle to make ends meet. He
died in 1828, leaving eight children as the result
of his second marriage, the eldest of whom was
less than twelve years old. His wife and two of
the children, William and Susan, died in 1851
from the effects of poison, supposed to have been
put into the salt used on the table by some of the
negro slaves.
. The eight children, by this marriage, were: (1)
William Henry; (2) Julia ( these two were twins);
(3) Mary; (4) Lucy; (5) Albert Thomas; (6) Su-
san; (7) Mark, and (8) Cornelius Capers.
III. William Henry was born in Columbia
county, Ga., in 1817. In 1850 he married Mary
A. Ryan, of Columbia county, Ga., a niece of the
Honorable Charles E. Haynes, of Hancock
county, at one time a member of Congress from
Georg-ia. He died in 1851, leaving but one child,
a daughter, named Willie for her father, who
died when she was only three months old. This
daughter, Willie Candler, is now the w^fe of Col-
onel James D. Norman, a lawyer of Union
Springs, Ala. She has four children, James T.,
Willie Candler, Charles Dozier, and Mary Dean.
/ IV. Julia, the twin sister of William Henry
r Candler, married, in 1850, the Reverend Wesley
P. Arnold, who, for many years, was a promi-
\ nent minister in the Southern Methodist church,
and preached all over Georgia. He and his wife
are both dead. She died in W^ilkes county in
1896, at the age of 79 years. She had only two
children, daughters, Hattie and Augusta. Hat-
tie married W. A. Potts, and now lives in Dooly
county, Ga.
Augusta died in childhood.
V. Mary married Joel Perry, of McDuffie
county, Georgia, in 1845. They had six children:
William, Albert, Lula, Milton. Rose, and Susan.
Mrs. Perry is living in Dawson, Terrell county,
Ga., and is 78 years old. One of her sons, Albert
Perry, lives in Atlanta, Ga. Another lives in
Dawson, Ga.
\'I. Lucy married Alpheus Fuller, of Colum-
l)ia county, Ga., in 1S4(). They removed to Tal-
bot county in 185.") and settled there. Mr. Ful-
ler died in ISSo. She is still living in Harris
county, and is 7() years old. She had five child-
ren: Cornelia, Kittie, Albert, Walter, and Rob-
ert Sidney.
Cornelia married Albert Johnson.
Kittie was twice married, first to Charles Do-
zier, and after his death to George Shipp. She '
lives in Columbus, Ga., and has no children.
Albert is a merchant at Shiloh, Ga. He mar- i
ried Miss Bullock. They have no children. j
\\' alter died in 188(5, unmarried. i
Robert Sidney is also a merchant at Shiloh, |
Ga. He married Miss Brooks, and has two '
children, Robert N., and Clifford Candler. His I
mother, Lucy (Candler) Fuller, lives with
him. !
\TI. Albert Thomas Candler, the fifth child of j
Mark A. Candler, by his second wife, and the i
youngest now living, was born at Wrights- |
borough, Columbia county, Ga., February, 22, !
LS22. After the death of his father in 1828 he '
was adopted by his L^ncle l^homas White and
remained with him until he was nearly grown.
In 181:9 he married Susan Elizabeth Paschal, ■<
daughter of Asa Paschal, a large planter, who ;
lived on the banks of Little River in the little :
town of Raysville in Columbia county. He
moved to Talbot county in L^5() where he reared
a large family and where he still lives, loved and
honored by all who know him. A. T. Candler i
and his wife, Susan E.. had children: JuHan Carl- )
ton, Orville Augustus, Clifford Lawton, Herbert '^
Paschal, Georg:e Leon, Mary C. and Susan \
Alberta.
1. Julian C. Candler, a young- man of much
promise died August 5, 1882, in the prime of his
young manhood.
2. Orville A. Candler was born at Raysville,
Columbia county, January 31, 1852. He has
never married, is a railroad man, and is now liv-
ing at Macon, Ga.
o. Clifford L. Candler, also born in Columbia
county September 17, 18."35, was just one year old
when his parents moved to Talbot county. Soon
after leaving school he engaged in railroad busi-
ness, and in 1878 moved to Alabama in the ser-
vice of the East Tennessee, Virginia &: Georgia
Railway. In 188(3 he was transferred to Macon,
Ga., in the interest of the same company, and
from being agent at Macon, Ga., he was made
General Agent for the East Tennessee, Virginia
&: Georgia Railway ( now the Southern Railway)
at Brunswick, Ga., in June 1893. The yellow
fever epidemic of 1893, which is still fresh in the
memory of every one, first made its appearance
within two months after his removal to Bruns-
wick, but realizing the responsibility resting upon
him, and with a courage manifested by but few,
he remained at his post during that most trying
season. On the 21st of May, 1882, he was mar-, —
ried to Miss Nonnie S. Weissinger, of Dallas
county Ala., a graduate of the Judson Female
Institute of Marion, Ala., and a daughter of Mr.
Jesse B. Weissinger, an extensive cotton planter
livings near Uniontown. There has never been
any children born to them.
4. Herbert P. Candler was born at Geneva,
Talbot county, April 6, 1S58. He located at
Montgomery, Ala., in 1880, where he has lived
ever since, engag'ed in the service of the U. S. Gov-
ernment under the Department of Engineering.
He married in 1889 Beverly Randolph, daugh-
ter of Major Randolph, formerly of Hale county,
now of Sheffield, Ala.
H. P. Candler and his wife have one child, a
sturdy, promising, boy named Albert Randolph.
5. George L. Candler, youngest son of A. T.
Candler, was born in Talbot county, February 14,
1860. He moved to Montgomery, Ala., about
the year 1880, but in 1888 he settled at Colum-
bus, Ga. He also engaged in the railroad busi-
ness early in life, and is at present agent
for the Central Railroad at Columbus. In No-
vember, 1890, he was married to Lizzie Lee
Kyle, granddaughter of Mr. J. Kyle, of Colum-
bus. They have three children, all girls; Kath-
erine, Elizabeth and Margaret.
(). Mary C. Candler was married in 1891 to
Dr. J. H. Winchester, a practicing physician of
Americus, Ga. They have two children, a son
who bears his mother's family name, Candler,
and an infant daughter.
7. Susan A. Candler, the youngest of the chil-
dren of A. T. Candler, still lives with her parents
in Talbot county. She has never married.
Vni. Mark A. died at se\'enteen years of age.
IX. Cornelius Capers Candler was the young-
est of Mark Candler's children. He was born
at Wrig:htsboroug-h, Ga., April 11, 1829, and was
twice married. June 13, 1854, he married Flora
Stapler, but she died without issue, April 10,
1855. On the 20th of November, 1856, he was
married to Pierce Hardy, of Columbia county,
after which he settled near the little town of
Metasville, in Wilkes county. He enlisted in
the Confederate Army at the beginning; of the
war, and remained in active service until he was
incapacitated for duty by wounds received at the
battle of . He died March :3(), 1881,
and is buried near his home in Wilkes county.
Cornelius C. Candler and his wife. Pierce
Hardy, had children: Mary Ella, William Au-
gustus, Fannie Lula, Sarah Leslie, Charles Ed-
win, Cornelia Ann, John Albert, Emma Vir-
ginia and George Wesley (twins), Elizabeth,
Susan Pheribe, Maggie M., Walter Linton, and
Cornelius Clement.
Mary Ella Candler married Alexander Tyler
in March, 1879, and their eldest daughter, Pearle
Tyler, married Whit Ferguson, May 5, 1894.
Sarah Leslie Candler married George Albea,
February 16, 1882.
Fannie Lula Candler married Moses Pilcher,
April 19, 1885.
Emma Virginia Candler married William
Steel, February 14, 1889.
Walter Linton Candler, the only living son of
Cornelius C. Candler, was born April 23, 1876,
and is living with his mother in Wilkes county.
The five other sons all died in childhood, also
one daug-hter, Cornelia.
Elizabeth, Susan and Mag-gie are unmarried
and still live at the family home near Metas-
ville, Wilkes county.
Daniel, the youngest child of Colonel Wil-
liam Candler, was only eight years old, when
his father died. He was born in Columbia
county, then Richmond, in 1779, and was an
infant in his mother's arms, when the family
was driven into exile by the British and tories
in 1780. He was broug-ht back to Richmond
county by his parents at the close of the war,
and grew up on the plantation on which his
father settled in 1709. This land Col. William
Candler held under a grrant from the King-. It
was, when g-ranted, in the Parish of St. Paul. In
1777 the Parish was made the county of Rich-
mond. In 1790 Richmond was divided and
the upper half, in which the Candlers lived,
became the county of Columbia, and now the
old family seat is in the county of McDuffie.
When only twenty years of age, in 1779, he
married Sarah Slaughter, daughter of Samuel
Slaughter, Esquire, a veteran of the War of the
Revolution, and a successful planter of Wilkes
county, Georgia, who came into the State from
Virginia about the close of the war.
In 17S3, the last year of the war, the Legisla-
ture of Georgia, to encourage immigration and
strengthen the infant State, passed a law offer-
ing to give to each head of a family, who would
come into it from anv of the other States, and
settle upon it, two hundred acres of land for
himself, and fifty additional acres for each white
member of his family, and for each slave, not
exceeding ten in number. This liberal policy
broug-ht many immigrants into Georgia from
the older States, especially from Virginia. The
Virginians settled mainly in Wilkes county,
then embracing most of the territory now in-
cluded in all of the adjacent counties north
of Little River. Among these came Ezekiel
Slaughter, and his two sons, Reuben and
Samuel, then young men. All three of them
settled in the lower part of Wilkes county, on
lands granted to them by the State under the
law above referred to.
The grant to Ezekiel Slaughter bears date of
1785. Those of his two sons, a year later.
The Slaughters were all ardent whigs; the
two sons had served in the armies of the colo-
nies during the war for independence, and both
were wounded in battle. Reuben lost a leg, and
Samuel two fingers of his left hand. Both reared
large families, and their descendants are to be
found scattered all over the South, especially in
Georgia. Reuben was married twice, and raised
twenty-four children — twenty-two sons and two
daughters, twelve by each wife.
Daniel Candler died in Columbia county, Ga.,
in 1816 at the age of thirty-seven years. Cut off
at a period in life before which but few men ac-
complish much, his career was void of special
incident. He, as did all Georgians of the first
generation after the establishment of the inde-
pendence of the State, took a lively interest
in politics, and there is a tradition that on one
occasion he fought a duel, no uncommon thing-
in those days, with a Captain Snow, a member
of the Legislature, I think from Burke county.
Captain Snow was seriously, but not mortally
wounded, and Mr. Candler received a pistol ball
in his cravat, but was unhurt. The duel, it is
said, grew out of a political difference, and never
afterward could he be induced to take any active
part in the heated political contests that marked
that period of the history of the State.
Daniel Candler and his wife, Sarah Slaughter,
had seven children, towit: (1) William Love, (2)
Elizabeth Anthony, (3) John Kingston, (4)
Frances Emily, (5) Samuel Charles, ((5) Daniel
Gill, and ( 7 ) Ezekiel Slaughter.
After the death of Daniel Candler, in 181(5, his
widow, still a young woman, married D. S. Chap-
man, Esquire, of Baldwin county, Ga., by whom
she had four children, all daughters.
But it is of the Candlers we write, the descend-
of Colonel William Candler and his wife, Eliza-
beth Anthony.
Their children were:
L William Love, born in Milledgeville, Ga.,
September 1st, 1801. He was a man of strong
intellect, marked individuality and possessed of
a tenacious memory in which were garnered
many gems of literature gathered from standard
authors, especially Shakespeare and Burns, his
favorite poets. There is now in his family an
old, well-worn copy of "Robbie Burns," as he
was wont to call the Scotch poet, which he
carried in his knapsack throug-fi the Seminole
war of 183(5, with which he beg-uiled the tedious
hours of his soldier life.
Of unswerving; honesty, great moral courage
and rapid powers of analysis and reason, he was
quick to decide, and immovable in his de-
termination.
In 1824 he married Martha Moore, a woman
of rare amiability, and beautiful Christian char-
acter. She was the daughter of John Moore, a
Scotchman, and a man of local prominence,
near Savannah, Georgia, and his wife Susan
Conante, a native of Ohio.
About 1850 he removed from Georgia to
Claiborne, now Bienville, Parish, Louisiana, and
spent the remainder of his life. His career was
one of usefulness rather than ambition. While
an ardent partisan, at all times ready to make
any sacrifice to secure the triumph of his party,
or his friend, he steadily declined political
preferment.
In December, 18()1:, his wife; the congenial
partner in all the joys and sorrows of his active
and useful life, died. He survived her only
about three years. His death occurred on the
16th of January, 1868. They are buried side by
side in the family cemetery near Mount Leba-
non, Louisiana.
To them were born eight children towit: (1)
John C, (2) Missouri Frances, (-3) Caroline, (4)
Martha Daniel, (5) Josephine, (6) William Wal-
lace, (7) Sallie Edna, and (8) Patrick Henry.
1. John C, died in youth.
2. Missouri Frances was said to have been one
of the most beautiful women of her day. She
was twice married; first, to WilHam G. Walker,
an extensive planter in Putman county, Ga., a
native of that State, and educated at the univer-
sity in Athens. By this marriage she left two
children: (1) Augusta Walker, and (2) Thaddeus
Alonzo W^alker.
Augusta Walker married William H. Todd, a
native of Kentucky, and prominent journalist of
Montana, in which State he located after the
close of the war of secession. He served through
this war as a staff officer with General Sterling
Price, on the Confederate side. He was chief
clerk of the convention that framed the organic
law of the State of Montana in 1S89. He re-
moved with his family from Montana to Louisi-
ana in 189] , and for several years has been on
the staff of the Shreveport Times, a part of the
time as business manager, and a part as editor-
in-chief. To them has been born one child, Wil-
liam Walker Todd, on the 3d of July, 1881.
Thaddeus Alonzo Walker, the second child of
Missouri Frances (Candler) Walker, is a planter
and merchant at Gibsland, La. He married
Miss Winnie Prothro, of Mount Lebanon. They
have five children living: (1 ) Gussie Winnie, (2)
Pearl T., (3) Thaddeus Alofizo, Jr., (4) Viola
Gertrude, and (5) Irma Candler.
Gussie W., though quite young, is an author
and musician of unusual ability.
Pear], yet a mere girl, is already a musical
composer of much promise, and, as is also her
elder sister, a beautiful and accomplished young
lady.
After the death of her first husband, Missouri
Candler married Dr. P. T. Harris, a native of
Alabama, and a graduate of Jefferson college,
Philadelphia. By this marriage she had three
children: (1) Ptolemy T. Harris; (2) William
Hannibal Harris, and (;3) Mollie F. Harris.
Ptolemy T. Harris is a merchant in Mobile,
Ala. He is unmarried.
William Hannibal Harris is also unmarried.
He is a large land ownerin Texas, and is also in
mercantile business in Fort Worth.
Mollie F. Harris married, when very young,
L. M. Wilson, Jr., of Mobile, Ala. At the age
of seventeen, she was left a widow with one child,
a little girl, who grew up and married a young
lawyer of Mobile, S. Gaillard, a descendant of a
distinguished old Huguenot family of South
Carolina. One of his ancestors, John Gaillard,
was a senator in Congress from South Carolina
from 1804 to 182(3; another, Theodore Gaillard,
a United States Judge in Louisiana in 1813. She
has one child, Madeline L. Gaillard.
Mollie F. Wilson and her daughter's family all
live together in Mobile.
Doctor Harris and his wife, Missouri Frances
Candler, removed from Louisiana to Arkansas,
where she died many years ago. Her remains
were brought back to Louisiana, and were buried
in the old family cemetery near Mount Lebanon.
o. Caroline; second daug-hter of William L.
Candler, married, near Mount Lebanon, La.,
Sampson L. Harris, a member of a distinguished
Alabama family, one member of which, the Hon-
orable Sampson W. Harris, was a member of
Congress from Alabama from 1S47 to 1857.
Another Sampson W. Harris is now a Circuit
Judge in Georgia.
They also removed from Louisiana to Arkan-
sas, where she died. Her remains were also
broug^ht back, and interred in the family ceme-
tery near Mount Lebanon.
Four children were born of this union: (1)
William Sampson Harris; (2) Susan Harris,
and two, who died in infancy, whose names are
not known to the writer.
William Sampson Harris married Miss Bettie
B. Fort, of Prescott, Arkansas. They li\'e at
New Lewisville, Ark., and have four children:
(L) Fannie Harris; {'2) Susie Harris; (o) Bettie
Flarris, and (4) Patrick Candler Harris.
Susan, the only surviving daughter of Caro-
line Candler and her husband, Sampson L. Har-
ris, married a Mr. Hunt, of Mississippi. They
settled somewhere near San Antonio, Texas,
and have a large family of children, but the
\\-riter does not know the names of any of them.
4. Martha Daniel, third daughter of William
L. Candler, married John H. Walker, of Mount
Lebanon, La., a son of William G. Walker, her
sister's husband by a former marriage. They
had five children — three sons and two daug'hters:
( 1 ) Francis Hill; ( lM David Americus; ( :V)^ Allen
Wilson; (4) John Clarence, and (5) Missouri
Carrie.
Francis Hill died in infancy.
David A., married first Miss Fairchild, daugh-
ter of Senator Fairchild of Mississipi. She had
no children.
He afterwards married a young lady in Texas,
whose name is unknown to the writer. By this
marriage he had one son, ^\^ho, with the father,
lives somewhere in Texas. The mother is dead.
Allen Wilson, second son of Martha D. Cand-
ler, married Miss Lee May at Lewisville, Ark.
He died at that place in 1893. Four children
were born to him, two of whom died in youth,
and two, a son, J. H.. and a daughter, Gussie
Walker, now live with their mother in Lewisville.
John Clarence W^alker, third son of Martha
D. Candler, married Miss Lee Farrar of Mag-
nolia, Arkansas. They live in New Lewisville,
Arkansas, where he is in mercantile business,
and have three children: Benjamin, Alvin and
Fay.
Missouri Carrie, only surviving daughter of
Martha D. Candler and her husband, John H.
Walker, married in Mexia, Texas, H. B. Scofield,
a native of Alabama, who is now connected
with the Texas Produce Company of Texar-
kana. She is noted for benevolence, and is an
active worker in the Woman's Christian Tem-
perance Union. One son, born in June LS8(j,
was the fruit of this union.
5. Doctor William Wallace Candler, second
son of William L. Candler, graduated at
Mount Lebanon University, and subsequent-
ly, in medicine, at Charleston, South Caro-
lina. Soon after he completed his medical
education he entered the Army of the Confed-
erate States as a member of the Ninth Louisana
Infantry, and served through the entire war.
Soon after its close he settled in the practice of
his profession at Lewisville, Arkansas. A
physician of skill and ability, and possessed ol a
wonderfully genial and social disposition, lie
soon succeeded in building- up an extensive and
lucrative practice. In a few years he associated
with himself in the practice of his profession his
younger and equally popular and able brother.
Doctor Patrick H. Candler.
At Spring Hill, Arkansas, he married Miss
Julia Sullivan, a highly accomplished lady, a
native of Tennessee, a member of the distin-
guished family of that name in that State, and a
descendant of the equally distinguished family
of Sullivans of Killarny, Ireland.
Of this union one daughter, Julia Candler,
was born. She married E. P. Schaer, a native
of Arkansas, a druggist in Little Rock. They
have four children living. One son, Wallace
Candler Schaer, died in childhood. The living
children are (1) Lucy May, (2) Julia Candler,
(3) Edmund Patrick and (4) Octavia Jennings.
The family still lives in Little Rock.
(5. Sallie Edna, youngest daughter of William
L. Candler, married Doctor Jasper Gibbs, of
Mount Lebanon, Louisiana, a native of Edge-
field, South Carolina. A few years after their
marriage they removed to Cotton Gin, Texas,
and from this place to Mexia, where Doctor
Gibbs died in August 1877, and where his widow
still lives.
Of this union nine children were born, to wit:
(1) Walter Love, born in Louisiana, and died
and was buried in Texas at the ag^e of nine
years; (2) Lucy May, born in Louisiana and
died and was buried in Texas at the a^e of seven
years; (o) Hugh Lynn, (4) Harvey Moore, (5)
Analon, ((5) Wallace Henry, (7) Mary Belle, (8)
Thomas Sanford and (9) Jasper Kate.
Hug"h Lynn married Miss Eugenia Rheano,
of Sealy, Texas. They live in Mexia, Texas,
and have four children, but the writer does not
know their names.
Harvey Moore died and was buried in Texas,
unmarried.
Analon married Eugenia Meador of Atlanta,
Georgia. They live in Mexia, Texas, and have
two children, Mary Elliot and Eugene Gibbs.
Mary married at Mexia, Texas, William E.
Jones of Houston, Texas. They have one child,
an infant son, and live in Houston.
W'allace Henry, the fourth son of Dr. Jasper
Gibbs and his wife, Sarah E. Candler, is grown
and lives with his mother in Mexia. He is un-
married.
Thomas Sanford is unmarried and is in busi-
ness at Bastrop, Texas.
Jasper Kate, the youngest child, is with her
mother at Mexia.
7. Doctor Patrick H. Candler, the young^est
child and only surviving son of William L.
Candler, mentioned above in connection with
his elder brother. Doctor William Wallace
Candler, is a prominent physician and planter
near Lewisville, Arkansas. At an early age he
graduated from Mount Lebanon University
with the degree of A. B., and the highest honor
of his class. Immediately after his graduation
he enlisted in the ninth regiment of Louisiana
Infantry, Confederate States Army, and served
gallantly through the war. After his return
from the army he studied medicine in New Or-
leans, graduated with the degree of M. D., and
began the practice in Louisiana, but soon re-
moved to Arkansas, and entered into partner-
ship with his brother, Doctor William W. Cand-
ler, in the practice of his profession.
He married at Mount Lebanon, Louisiana,
Miss Medora B. Holstun, a native of Alabama,
a member of a family of prominence in both
Alabama and Georgia.
The fruits of this marriage were six daughters
— Dora, Kate, Willie, Idell, Lizzie Beth, and one
who died in infancy, wdiose name is not known
to the writer.
Dora married at Garland, Arkansas, Daniel B.
Candler, of Dallas, Texas, a son of E. S. Cand-
ler, of Mississippi. He is a druggist in Dallas.
Kate, after her graduation, married Samuel
C. Dinkins, of Gainesville, Georgia, a hardware
merchant. They live in Gainesville, and have
two children, Pat Candler and Marie Eugenia.
Willie married, in 1895, Robert L. Searcy, a
lawyer, of New Lewisville, Arkansas. They
have one child, an infant son.
Idell and Lizzie are still with their parents.
Idell graduated from the Georg:ia Seminary for
\ oung; Ladies, at Gainesville, Georgia, in 1895.
II. Elizabeth Anthony Candler, eldest daugh-
ter of Daniel and Sarah Candler, was born in
Columbia county, Georgia, March the third,
1803. She was twice married; first to Owen H.
Myrick. a member of an old and influential
family of middle Georgia, on the 15th of Octo-
ber, 1820. By this marriage she had five child-
ren, Martha Missouri, Daniel J.. Sarah Adeline.
Richard L., and William.
After the death of Mr. Myrick she married
the second time, Corley, by \\hom she
had one child, Nancy C. Corley.
She died in Bienville Parish, Louisiana, on
the 20th of December, 1872. She was a woman
of splendid character, and it was said of her
when she died by an acquaintance of a lifetime:
"Her life was grand in womanly virtues. With
courage, zeal, and undaunted faith she acted
well her part, whatever duty demanded, and
through sunshine and shadow displayed a loveli-
ness of spirit that won for her the esteem and
love of all who knew her."
1. Her eldest child, Martha Missouri Myrick,
married in Louisiana a man named Scroggins.
They had but one child, a daughter named
Amanda, who married a Jones of Bienville Par-
ish, where they now live. They have five
children, three sons and two daughters. One
daughter, Laura, is married and has two children,
and one son, Alfred, is married and has three
children.
2. The Reverend Daniel J. Myrick, eldest son
and second child of Elizabeth, Daniel Candler's
oldest daughter, has always lived in Georgia,
the State in which he was born about the year
1S24. He has been for a half century a member
of the old Georgia, and after its division, of the
North Georgia Conference of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, South, and is distinguished
for his ability, conservatism and zeal in the min-
istry. He has never put off his armor, but still,
at the age of three score and ten, is in the active
service of the Master, shunning no duty, how-
ever arduous, and going wherever the Conference
sees cause to send him.
He married Miss Mary Andrew in Liberty
county, Georgia, about LS4T. She still lives to
share with him the cares and duties of the itin-
erant Methodist ministry.
They have had born to them two children, a
son and a daughter. The daughter married
Professor Shoeller, is still living and has several
children.
The son. Captain Bascom Myrick, was an
editor of Americus, Georgia. He was a gradu-
ate of Emory College, Georgia, was a man of
marked talent, and was distinguished in his pro-
fession for his individuality, fearlessness, and the
force and ability with which he advocated what
he believed to be rieht, and combatted w^hat he
thoug^ht was wrong'. He died in Americus,
Georgia, 'in the summer of 189.'). He left a widow,
a woman of splendid character in the broadest
sense of the term, and. a son, Shelby, now a
student at the University of Georgia, who seems
to have inherited the talents of his parents.
3. Sarah Adehne Myrick married, in Louis-
iana, a Henderson. They went from Louisiana
to Texas, reared quite a large family there, of
whom the writer has been able to learn but little.
T Richard L. Myrick married in Louisiana,
and died there many years ago.
5. William Myrick married a Miss Goff in
Louisiana. He died many years ago leaving
two sons whose names are not known to the
writer.
(3. Of Nancy C. Corley, the daughter by the
second marriage, the writer knows nothing.
HI. John Kingston Candler, born in Colum-
bia county, Georgia, in 180J:, married Caroline
Smith in Baldwin county, Georgia, in 1820, and
died in Bienville Parish, Louisiana, in 1895. His
widow still survives and is ninety-one years old.
John K. Candler was an unostentatious, un-
ambitious farmer, a man universally esteemed
and trusted for his unswerving integrity. He
was a man of undaunted physical and moral
courage, and it was written of him "he was one
of nature's noblemen, and would not barter an
atom of truth for a kingdom."
There were born to him eleven children™
L Antoinette, who died when young, unmar-
ried.
2. Franklin, who married a Miss Ivy in Ala-
bama. He has five children, two of whom are
named William and Augustus. The names of
the others are not known to the writer.
8. Sallie, who married James Rog^ers of Ala-
bama. They had eleven children — Georg^ia, Vic-
toria, John, Mattie, Elizabeth, David, Dosia,
Lee, James, Mollie, and Jessie. Georgia and
John are dead. All the others are living. Geor-
gia died in youth. John lived to be grown and
married, and when he died he left several chil-
dren, but the writer does not know how many,
nor their names. Victoria married Green Wil-
liams, of Alabama, and had a large family of
children. All the other children of Sallie Candler
Rogers are married and have children, but to
whom they were married and how many children
each had the writer has been unable to learn.
He only knows that she had eleven children,
fifty grandchildren, and five great-grandchil-
dren— in all sixty lineal descendants.
4. Emma, who married John Sullivan, by
w^hom she had twelve children — Alice, Kate,
Charles, John Wesley, Emma, Samuel, Frank,
Edward, and four others whose names the writer
does not know\
Alice married Broadard, a Georgian. Most
of the others lived to be grown and married and
all those who married had children. The chil-
dren, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren
of Emma Candler Sullivan were sixty-two in
number.
5. Mary, who married Pierce Holstun, of Ala-
bama. They had one child, a daughter named
Caroline, who married a man named Smith, a
Georg-ian, and has three children, Mary, Julian,
and Orleana.
6. Martha, who married Monroe Leatherman,
of Texas, by whom she has had seven children,
five of whom are living;, to wit: John K., Cellie,
Caroline, Daniel and William. She also has
five grandchildren.
7. William, who died in the Army of the Con-
federate States in Savannah, Georgia, in 18(34,
unmarried.
8. Louisa, who married a man named Tolley
in Louisiana. They have four children — Dora,
Jessie, John, and another whose name is not
remembered.
9. Lou Ann, who married John Randol, of
Missouri. They had eleven children, viz : Wil-
liam, Caroline, Mary, Eula, Burton, Samuel,
Lizzie, Joseph, Louis, Thomas and Maggie. Of
these Thomas, William and Caroline are dead.
Mary married a man named Crow and has
one child, Burton L. Crow. Eula married Eu-
gene Hammett, of Georgia, by whom she has
two children — Paul and Verna.
10. Charles, who married twice, and by the
two marriages he had ten children — Pearl, Mag-
gie, Daniel Gill, Bertha, Jessie, Luther, Ernest.
The writer does not know the names of the
others nor to whom any of them were married.
11. Louisiana, named for the State in which
she was born, was the youngest child of John
K. Candler. She married a man named Beau-
champ, by whom she had two children, whose
names the writer does not know. The surviving
children of John K. Candler are l^>anklin Cand-
ler, Sallie Rogers, Louisa Tolley, Lou Ann
Randol, Charles Candler and Louisiana Beau-
champ. Mrs. Beauchamp li\'es in Texas. All
the rest in Louisiana.
The above is a very imperfect account of the
descendants of John K. Candler, but it is the best
the writer has been able to obtain. His children,
grandchildren and great-grandchildren number
two hundred and fifty, at least.
IV. Fannie Emily Candler, born in Columbia
county, Georgia, in 180(). In 1824 she married
in Baldwin county, Georgia, Wilson Simpson, a
native of the State of Virginia. In 1848 they
removed to Claiborne Parish, Louisiana, and, in
1859, from there to Leon county, Texas, where
she died and was buried in 1862.
They had eleven children, five sons and six
daughters, to wit: ( 1 ) Sarah Louisa,( 2) Andrew
Jackson, (:i) Ezekiel, (4) Emma Elizabeth, (5)
Wilson, (6) Erancis, (7) Missouri Antoinette,
(8) Samuel, (9) Caroline, (10) Jane, and (11)
Daniel.
1. Sarah married an Alabamian named Thomp-
son. She had five children, all of whom are
dead.
2. Andrew married Miss Elizabeth Anderson
in Alabama. They reared twenty-two children,
not all, however, their own; but those not their
own were his nephews and nieces, and conse-
quently the descendants of Daniel Candler.
Both Andrew Simpson and his wife died on the
Brazos river in Texas many years a^o, and their
children are scattered over that distant State.
One of their sons is a banker in Dallas, Texas.
3. Ezekiel Simpson died, unmarried, in Bien-
ville Parish, Louisiana, at an advanced age.
4. Emma married twice — first to Zachariah
Patrick, in Alabama. By this marriage she had
two children, both of whom died in youth. She
married second a man named Burns, in Louisi-
ana. By this rnarriag-e she had three children,
to wit: (1) Sarah, (2) Samuel Andrew, and (3)
Mattie Banks.
Sarah married twice — first to a man named
DuPre, by whom she had one child, Maiid.
Her second marriage w^as to Reno, in Louisi-
ana. By this marriage she had four children.
One is dead, and three sons are living in Bien-
ville Parish, Louisiana.
5. Wilson married Miss Frances Langford.
He had five children, two daughters and three
sons. He died a soldier in the Army of the Con-
federate States. Soon afterward his wife died
in Texas, and their children were among the
twenty-two reared by Andrew Jackson Simp-
son, their uncle.
(5. Frances married Columbus Brice, of Louis-
iana. She had five children: (1) Lucy, (2) Fan-
nie, (3) Jodie, (4) James, and (5) John.
Lucy married a man named Brewer, and has
five children, three Sons and two daughters.
Fannie married Daniel, in Louisiana, and had
four dau§"hters and two sons.
Jodie married twice, but I do not know the
name of either husband. She has three hving
children.
James married Mattie Buckler, and has one
daug^hter, yet a little o'irl.
John married Miss Cann, and has one daugh-
ter and two sons, all small children.
7. Missouri Antoinette Simpson married John
Brice, of Louisiana. They had one daughter
and eight sons. She named two sons for her
uncle, John K. Candler. The names of her sons
were: (I) John, (2) Sidney, (3) Patrick, (4)
Rush, (.')) John, (0) Columbus, (7) Wilson, and
(8) Jack. Her only daughter is named Kate.
The first son, called John, died when small.
Sidney married Miss Neal Prothro, of Mount
Lebanon, Louisiana. They have three boys.
Rush was killed in a railroad accident.
Patrick married Miss Lelia Pratt, of Louisi-
ana. They have five children, one son and four
daughters.
All the children of Missouri Antoinette Brice
live in Louisiana.
cS. Samuel Simpson, the eighth child of Fran-
ces Candler vSimpson, married in Texas and
removed to the Indian Territory. They have
nine living children, four daughters and five
sons. Two of the daughters are married and
each has a daughter.
9. Caroline Simpson married in Texas, but
the writer does not know to \\'hom. She and
her husband both died many years ag;o, leaving
three children, two sons and a daughter, who
w^ere reared by their uncle, Andrew Jackson
Simpson. The two sons are married and live
near Galveston, Texas.
10. Jane Simpson, the tenth child, married a
large stock-raiser in Texas. She and her hus-
band are long since dead. They left five child-
ren, who were reared by their uncle, Andrew
Jackson Simpson, whom it seems Providence
ordained to rear the orphan children of his
brothers and sisters.
11. Daniel Simpson, the eleventh child, died
in Texas, unmarried, at the age of twenty-one
years.
V. The Honorable Samuel Charles Candler,
born in Columbia county, Georgia, on the 6th
day of December, 1809, and married to Martha
B. Beall, daughter of Noble P. Beall. Esquire,
and his wife, Justiana Hooper Beall. of Chero-
kee county, Georgia, and niece of General
William Beall, for a long time prominent in the
history of western Georgia, on the 8th of De-
cember, 1838. He was a man of much energy
and enterprise and always took a lively interest
in public matters. He served repeatedly in both
branches of the legislature of his State, first in
1833 from Cherokee county, and often, later on,
from Carroll, in which county he spent most of
his life, and in which he died on the 13th of
November, 1873. His widow is still living in
Atlanta. Georgia.
He left eleven children —
J. The Honorable Milton Anthony Candler,
born in Campbell county, Georgia, on the 11th
of January, 1837, a lawyer of Decatur, Georg^ia,
g-raduated at the University of Georgia in 1855,
married, in 1857, Eliza C, daughter of the Hon-
orable Charles Murphy, who was a member of
Congress from Georgia.
He has often represented his county in the
State House of Representatives, his Senatorial
district in the State Senate, and in two constitu-
tional conventions, was a Captain in the Army
of the Confederate States, and subsequently,
for four years, a Representative in the Con-
gress of the United States from the Atlanta
district. He and his wife have had born to them:
(1) The Honorable Charles Murphy Cand-
ler, graduated from the University of Georgia,
studied law and was admitted to the bar;
married, in 1882, Mary, daughter of Colonel
George M. Scott, of Decatur, Georgia, distin-
guished as a successful and enterprising business
man, Christian gentleman and philanthropist.
Charles M. Candler has represented his county
in the State legislature with marked ability. He
has four children— Laura Eliza, George Scott,
Rebekah and Milton A.
(2) Samuel Charles graduated from the Uni-
versity of Georgia; married Janie J. Porter,
daughter of the Reverend S. J. Porter, in 18815.
They live in Los Angeles, California, and have
one child, Helen Porter.
(3) Milton A., Junior, graduated from the Uni-
versity of Georgia; married Nellie, daughter of
Colonel George W. Scott, of Decatur, Georgia;
he died in 1893, leaving- two daughters, small
children, Eliza Murphy and Nellie Scott. (4)
Laura Eliza, graduated from Lucy Cobb Insti-
tute, Athens, Georgia, in 1880, and died in a few
weeks after her graduation. (5) Elorence, mar-
ried Clifford A. Cowles in 1887, and lives in
Decatur. Georgia; their children are Mary Lee,
Clifford S., Junior, Elorence, and Jane. (6)
Maury Lee, died a student in Emory College,
Georgia, in 1889. (7 ) Claude, with her parents in
Decatur, Georgia, unmarried. (8) Ruth, with
her parents in Decatur, Georgia, unmarried. (9 )
Warren Word, died in infancy, in 1889.
3. Ezekiel Slaughter Candler, born in Carroll
county, Georgia in 1838; graduated from the
Cherokee Baptist College, Cassville, Georgia,
about 1858; studied law, was admitted to the bar;
has always practiced his profession; married in
1860, Miss Julia Bevill, of Hamilton county,
Florida; he has for many years lived in luka,
Mississippi. He has three children; the Hon-
orable Ezekiel. S. Candler, Jr., a lawyer of
Corinth, Mississippi, born in Florida in 1862;
graduated from the Law School of the Univer-
sity of Mississippi; married in 1883 to Miss
Nancy Hazlewood of Alabama. They have
three children, daughters, Julia, Susie and Lucy.
The second child of Ezekiel Slaughter Candler
and his wife, Julia Bevill Candler, is Daniel B.
Candler, born in 1868, married in 1895 to Miss
Dora Candler, eldest daughter of Doctor Pat-
rick H. Candler of Arkansas, and the third is
Milton A. Candler, Jr.. now a student at Emory
Colleg-e, Georgia.
8. Florence Julia, born about 1842, married
Col. J. \V. Harris of Bartow county, Georg-ia,
about 1860. They live in Cartersville, (}eorg-ia,
and have no children.
4. Noble Daniel, who was an invalid from
early childhood, and died in 1887, at the ag^e of
forty-six years, a man in stature but a child in
intellect, his unfortunate condition being- the
result of a disease of the brain which developed
when he was only four years old.
5. Sarah Justiana, born in 184.3, married
Joseph J. W^illard in ]871, who died in 1884, leav-
ing her a widow with five children; (1) Samuel
L., born in 1874; (2) Jessie, born in 1876; (3)
Joseph G., born in 1878; (4) Florence, born in
1881, and (.'>) Mary, born in 1883.
(j. William Beall Candler, born in 1847, mar-
ried Elizabeth Slaughter, daughter of Dr. J. T.
Slaug-hter of Carroll county, Georg-ia, who was
a Colonel in the Army of the Confederate States,
in January, 1871. He is a merchant at Villa
Rica, Georgia, and has children — Martha Eu-
genia, born in December, 1871; Florence, who
married S. O. Fielder in 1894, and has one child,
Nellie, born in 1895; Elizabeth, born in 1875;
and William Beall, Jr., born in 1878.
7. Elizabeth Frances, born in 1849. married
Henry H. Dobbs, Esq., in 18()7. They have two
children, Samuel Candler Dobbs, born in 1868
and married to Ruth Mixon, daug:hter of the
Rev. J. F. Mixon. D. D., in 1892, they have
two children, Henry F., born in 1893, and Annie
Ruth, born in 1895.
8. Asa Griggs Candler, a drug-gist in Atlanta,
Georgia, born in 1851, married Lucy Elizabeth,
daughter of Dr. George J. Howard of Aug-usta,
Georgia, in 1878. They have four sons and one
daughter, (1) Charles Howard Candler, born in
1879; (2) Asa Griggs Candler, Jr., born in 1880;
(3) Lucy Beall Candler, born in 1882; (4) Walter
Turner Candler, born in 1885; and (5) William
Beall Candler, born in 1890.
9. Samuel Charles, born in 1855, married Miss
Jamie Bevill of Florida in 1876. He is a mer-
chant at Villa Rica. Georgia, and has six children
living and four dead. The living are Jessie, born
in 1877; Samuel C. Jr.. born in 1879; Lizzie, born
in 1880; Lucy Beall, born in 1882; Maggie, born
in 1887, and Warren Asa, born in 1895.
10. The Rev. Warren Akin Candler, D. D.. of
Oxford, Georgia, born in 1857, President of Emory
College, of which his second cousin, the Rev.
Ignatius A. Few, LL. D., was the first President
nearly sixty years ago. Warren A. Candler was
in the itinerant ministry of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church, South, at eighteen years of age,
and was a doctor of divinity at thirty-two. He
married, in November, 1877, Miss Antoinette
Curtwright, daughter of Captain John T. Curt-
wright, of Troup county, Georgia, a gallant Con-
federate officer who fell in the bloody battle at
Perryville, Kentucky, in November, 1862. They
have three living children: (1) Annie Florence,
born in 1878; (2) John C, born in 1883. and (3)
Samuel Charles, born in 1895. Two children
have died in infancy.
11. The Honorable John Slaughter Candler,
born in 18(31, graduated from Emory College,
Oxford, Georgia, in ISft; married Miss Mar-
guerite Louise Garnier, daughter of Colonel
Isidore V. Garnier, of Florida, in 1881. He is
Colonel of the Fifth regiment of Georgia infan
try and judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit,
Superior Court of the State of Georgia. He
lives in Atlanta, Georgia. He has two children:
(1) Asa Warren, born in 1885, and (2) Allie
Garnier, born in 1893.
VI. Captain Daniel Gill Candler, born in Co-
lumbia county, Ga., February 22d, 1812, married
to Nancy Caroline, eldest child of Allen Mat-
thews, Esq., a distinguished lawyer of the west-
ern circuit of Georgia, on the 8th of October, 1833.
Captain Candler was a lawyer and at one time
a Judge. He served in two Indian wars in the
Army of the United States, and was Captain of
the first company in the Second regiment that
entered the Army of the Confederate States from
Georgia.
He died in Gainesville, Ga., of which city he
had been Mayor three terms, on the 17th day of
October, 1887, and was buried in Alta Vista cem-
etery in that city.
The remains of his wife, who preceded him to
the grave about twenty years, were removed
from Homer, Banks county, Ga., where they
were first interred, and buried in the same grave
with his.
A marble obelisk marks the spot where each
reposes. On his is inscribed: —
"An ardent patriot;
A gallant soldier;
A just judge;
An honest man."
And on hers: — ■
"A devoted wife and mother;
An obliging neighbor, and
An humble Christian."
They had twelve children:
1. The Honorable Allen Daniel Candler, of
Gainesville, Ga., born November 4th, 1834, grad-
uated from Mercer University in 1859; a Colonel
in the Army of the Confederate States; for five
years a representative in the leg-islature of Geor-
g"ia; for two years a senator in the legislature of
the same State; for eight years a representative
n the Congress of the United States, and sub-
sequently Secretary of State of the State of Geor-
gia. He married, on the 12th of January, 1864,
Eugenia, daughter of Thomas J. Williams, Esq.,
an extensive planter of Jones county, Ga.
They have had children:
(1) Eugenia Frances, born July 9th, 1865, ed-
ucated at the Convent of the 'Visitation, George-
town, D. C; married, in 1889, D. L. Wardroper of
Kentucky. They have no children.
(2) Florence Victoria, born in 1867, married
William K. Ashford, a native of Alabama, now
of Gainesville, Ga., in 1882. They have six chil-
dren: Ethel, Candler, George, Howard, James,
and Daniel.
(3) Marcus Allen, born in 18(j9, graduated at
Emory College, Georgia, married in 1891 to
Loulie Hardwick, daughter of Dr. Homer V.
Hardwick of Newton county, Ga. They have
one child, a dau.s^hter, Marie, born in 1894.
(4) Thomas Cloud, born in 1870, educated in
Gainesville, Ga., and Washington City, D. C, a
bank clerk in Gainesville, Ga.
(5) Hortense Alice, born in 1872, educated at
the Convent of Notre Dame, Baltimore, Md.,
married to Frank K. Bunkley, a merchant and
planter of Bullock county, Ala., in which they
live. They have four living- children, Gordon,
Montine, Allen, and Frank; another, Eugenie,
died in infancy.
(6) William Daniel, born in 1874, g-raduated at
Gordon Institute, Georgia, in 1893, an insurance
clerk in Atlanta, Ga.
(7) Kate Edna, born in 187(3, and died in 1881.
(8) John Charles, born in 1878.
(9) Victor Eug-ene, born in 1880.
(10) Margaret Annie, born in 1887.
(11) Benjamin Carlton Lee, born in 1889.
The last four named are still with their parents
in Gainesville, Ga.
(2) Margaret Elton, born in 183G, graduated at
the Southern Masonic Female College, married
Colonel Lawson Fields of Gordon county, Ga.,
who died in 1873, leaving one child. Pearl, who
married Emory C. Pharr of Gainesville, Ga.,
in 1895.
( 3 ) Sarah Slaughter, born in 1836, graduated at
the Southern Masonic Female College, resides
with her twin sister, Mrs. Fields, in Gainesville,
Ga. She was installed as teacher of Mathe-
118
matics in the colleg-e at which she graduated a
few days after she g"ot her degree, and has de-
voted her hfe to teaching, for which she early
showed a special aptitude. She has been con-
nected, almost all her life, with some of the best
institutions of learning- in the State.
She never married.
4. Elizabeth Antonia, born in 1839, married
M. C. Little of Banks county, Georgia, and died
in 1.S73, leaving five children — Oscar, James,
Edgar, Sallie and Junius. Another, Allen, died
before she did. Edgar and Sallie have since
died. The others are living in Arkansas.
5. Florida Caledonia, born in 1841, and died
in 1842.
(5. William Blackstone, born in 1843, and died
in 1852.
7. Francis Mary, born in 1845, and died in 1852.
8. Nancy Caroline, born May 29th, 1847, and
married to John A. Fields of Gordon county,
Ga., May 12th, 1872. She has nine children,
Fannie, Gertrude, Helen, Virginia Candler, Law-
son A., Jasper B., Esther, Lucille, John and
Alline.
9. A son born and died May 16th, 1850, not
named.
10. Junius Perry, born July 2d, 1852, and died
at Griffin, Ga., where he was at school, August
7th, LS70. He was a youth of much promise.
11. Virginia Florence, born September 9th,
1854, married Artemus C. Randell of Cobb
county, Ga., in 1883, and died at Ardmore, Indian
Territory, in the summer of 1895, leaving four
children, Daniel Candler, Ignatius Hope, James
Coleman and Choice. Mr. Randell is a lawyer.
12. Ignatius Leonidas, born July 2(3th, 1857,
graduated from the University of Georgia in
1879; studied law and was admitted to the bar;
married in 1886 Myrtle Long. They live in
Dallas, Texas, and have two children, Carrie
and Sallie.
VII. The Honorable Ezekiel Slaughter Cand-
ler, born in Columbia county, Ga., on the 5th of
August, 1815; married Jane Williams of Ten-
nessee, on the 19th of August, 1839, in Coweta
county, Ga., and died in the city of Atlanta, on
the 12th of January, 1869. He was sheriff of
Carroll county, Ga., when quite a young man,
subsequently represented the same county in the
State Legislature, and, in 1851, was elected
Comptroller-General of Georgia, and held that
office three terms. He left living seven children,
to wit:
1. Sarah Margaret, born in 1840, married the
Honorable Carlton J. Wellborn, now Judge of
the Northeastern Judicial Circuit of Georgia.
They have had four children; Johnson P., born
in 1865, in Milledgeville, Ga., married Miss
Helen Axley of Murphy. N. C, in 1889, and died
in 189J: without issue.
The second child of Carlton J. and Sarah M.
Wellborn was Carlton J. Jr., born in 1867, married
Lulie Griffis in 1891, is a lawyer in Atlanta, Ga.,
and has three sons, William J., Charles Griffis
and Johnson Powell.
The third was Ezekiel S. Candler, Jr., born
in July, ] 872, a dentist of Atlanta, Ga. He is
unmarried.
The fourth was Louise A., born in 1875, mar-
ried in 1895 to Robert P. Jones of Burke county,
Georgia. He is a lawyer and now lives in At-
lanta, Georgia.
2. Martha, born in 1812, married in 18()0 to
William E. Quillian, of Milledgeville, Ga., a
member of a numerous family of that name in
North Georgia, many of whom have been prom-
inent in politics and many others in the ministry
of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.
They have three children: (1) Charles M.,
born in 1861. He is married and has one child,
Thomas M. (2) Mary Virginia, married and
has one child, Nellie Lou, and (3) William C.
born in 1867, married and lives in Macon, Ga.
3. Louisiana, born in 1811. married in 1865, to
Robert J. McCamy of Milledgeville, Ga., now a
leading lawyer of Dalton, Ga. They have six
children; (1) Julien, graduated from Emory
College in 1889, a rising young lawyer of Dalton,
Ga.;(2)Mary; (3) Fannie; (1) Nellie; (5) Carl-
ton; and (6) Thomas S.
4. Missouri, born in 1814, married young, J.
Garrett, in Milledgeville in 1865. Her husband,
then a merchant in Atlanta, Ga., died in February,
1890, leaving her a widow with two young daugh-
ters; (1) Willie Candler, who has since married
Forest M. Catlett, a merchant of Atlanta, Ga.,
and has one child, a daughter, Delia Belle; and
(2) Nellie F., who married W. R. Ware, also a
merchant in Atlanta, and has four children.
Helen; W. R. Jr; Garrett and Gladys. Mrs.
Garrett and Mrs. McCamy were twins, born
in 1844.
5. Georgia, born in Carroll county, Ga., in 184(5.
She has been thrice married; first to Dr. Barn-
well of Milledgeville, Ga., secondly to Charles
Cowart, a lawyer of Atlanta, Ga., a son of Col-
onel Robert J. Cowart, a prominent lawyer and
politician of Northwest Georgia, and third to Dr.
James D. Graham of Dalton, Ga., where she
and Dr. Graham now live. She has no children.
(). The Honorable William E. Candler, born
in 185"), studied law, was admitted to the bar,
married Elizabeth, daughter of Colonel Thomas
J. Haralson of Union county, Ga. They have
had nine children, six of whom, Jane; Alwayne;
William E.; Thomas; Laura and Jennie, are
living. Nellie, Haralson and John are dead.
7. Mary E., born in 1853 and died in 1855.
8, Nellie, born in 1848, married Dr. T. D. Lon-
gino, of Campbell county, Ga., in 187.') and died
in 1878, leaving one child, a son, Thomas Cand-
ler Longino, now a physician in Atlanta, Ga.
The foregoing are the lineal descendants of
Colonel William Candler, of Richmond county,
Ga., and his wife, Elizabeth Anthony. All who
bear the name south of the Alleghanies, between
the Savannah and the Rio Grande, are their
descendants, and are sprung from his two young-
est sons, Mark and Daniel. None of his other
sons left issue except Henry, and his line became
extinct in the second generation after him. The
descendants of his three daughters who reached
maturity and married, to wit; Mary, Falby and
Elizabeth, are more numerous and are scattered
all over the South; but the writer has been able
to locate but few of them.
The rapidity with which population increases
is illustrated in this family. A hundred and
thirty-five years ago, William Candler and
Elizabeth Anthony were married. Since that
time five g'enerations of their descendants have
been born, numbering- in the aggregate, living
and dead, not less than three thousand souls.
APPENDIX.
There are several other famihes of Candlers
in the United States, all sprung from the same
Saxon origin, and all from England, but none
of them came to America prior to the Revolu-
tionary War, except the one in North Carolina.
This family traces its lineage back to Zachariah
Candler, the father of George W. Candler of
Buncombe county, now deceased, and the grand-
father of W. G. Candler, a lawyer of the same
county, to whose courtesy I am indebted for
this information concerning the family.
Zachariah Candler had a brother living in
Wilson county, Tenn., in 1839. If he had other
brothers, his descendants now living do not
know it. This brother was named John, and it
is probable that he left no issue, as none of the
name are now to be found in Tennessee.
Though the North Carolina Candlers do not
know whence Zachariah came, nor who was his
father, it is entirely probable that his parents
were in America before the War of the Revolu-
tion, for he appears in the first generation after
the war, and we hear nothing of his having been
born abroad; but the tradition in his family is
that he appeared in the wilds of western North
Carolina, a land surveyor and a land speculator,
about the beginning of the present century. The
generation in which he lived was the first that
grew up after the close of the war. His father
must, therefore, have belong:ed to the generation
which fought the battles of the Revolution— the
same generation to which Colonel William
Candler of Georgia belonged. We know that
the latter came from central North Carolina to
Georgia, and that he had one brother whose
name we do not know. Is it not probable, under
all the circumstances, that when William Candler
came to Georgia, his brother went to western
North Carolina, and that that brother was the
father of Zachariah Candler, and his brother,
John Candler, of Wilson county, Tennessee ?
There are also Candlers in Virginia and
Maryland. Of the Virginia family I have been
able to learn but little, never having met any of
them. They have been in the southwestern
part of the State for a long time.
The head of the Maryland family, as far as its
members can trace their history, was John
Candler, who was a merchant in the western
part of the State, and amassed quite a fortune.
This family were slaveholders, and were, prior
to and during the excitement which gave rise to
the war between the States, intensely Southern
in feeling, except one, William M., who now
lives in Washington City. He was a soldier in
the Federal army during that war, and lost a leg
in battle. These two families, the Virginia and
the Maryland Candlers, like the North Carolina
branch, do not trace their lines back of the Revo-
lution, and do not know whether they sprung
from the English or the Irish branch. But there
is no doubt that they were here prior to that war,
and it is probable that they are descended from
the same ancestor from whom the North Caro-
hna family sprung". If so, then all of the name
in Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and
Georgia are the descendants of Lieutenant-
Colonel William Candler, of Callan Castle,
Ireland. This, the writer has no doubt, would
be found to be true could the facts of their origin
be ascertained.
All the other Candlers, of whom there are
quite a number of families in the United States,
are descended from the English, and not from
the Irish stock, as will appear.
In Massachusetts there were, a few years ago,
two brothers, William H. Candler and John W.
Candler. The former was a Captain on the
staff of General Hooker of the Federal army, in
the w^ar between the States, and distinguished
himself on more than one battle-field. He died
in 1893. The latter, the Honorable John W.
Candler, was for two terms a member of Con-
gress from Massachusetts. He still lives in the
city of Boston. Their progenitor was Samuel
Candler, an importing merchant, who came to this
country from Colchester. England, about the be-
ginning of the present century.
There are also two brothers in New York
City, Edward Stuart Candler and Flamen Ball
Candler, the one a broker and the other a law-
yer. The same man — Samuel Candler was their
grandfather, and they are, therefore, cousins to
the two Boston brothers. Their father was
Samuel Marsden Candler, and their mother
Elizabeth Cecilia Ball, daug-hter of Flamen Ball,
an eminent New York lawyer, and a relative of
Mary Ball, the mother of Washington.
Near Charleston, South Carolina, lived and
died Edward Candler, a cousin of the New York
and Boston brothers. He must have died with-
out issue, as none of his descendants can now
be found.
In Illinois, lives Cant Candler and his descend-
ants, except two sons; T. B. Candler, a grain
merchant in Philadelphia, and another, who is a
sea captain. His name. Cant, betrays his Saxon
origin.
John Candler and his descendants live in Saint
Louis, Missouri. He came to the United States
from Downham. Norfolk county, England, in
1850. One of his granddaughters. Miss Lillian
Candler, is a teacher in the public schools of the
city of Saint Louis.
There also lives in the city of Detroit, Mich-
igan, three brothers, the eldest of whom is
William H. Candler. They are engaged in the
shipping trade on the great lakes, and came
from England, but I am not advised from what
county, in 1850.
There is also a family of the name in Cincin-
nati, Ohio. Their earliest progenitor, of whom
they have any account, was born in Berlin, Prus-
sia. His christian name is not now known. He
left two sons, Carl Erederick, born in 1775; and
Christian Frederick, born in 1779. These two
brothers settled in Hamburg, Germany, where
they married, lived and died. Carl Erederick
had one son, Ferdinand, who died in Hamburg-,
leaving- two sons, Carl and Theodore, both of
whom are now living- in Hamburg.
Christian Frederick, the younger of the two
brothers, had only one son, Conrad Ferdinand,
born in 1813, in Hamburg. He came to the
United States in 1845, and settled in Cincinnati
in 1848, where he married and still lives. He
has three children, two sons and a daughter, all
of whom live in Cincinnati. One of his sons is
named Charles H. Candler.
This is doubtless an offshoot of the English
branch of the family planted in Prussia by some
wanderer, as the name was planted in Russia by
Sir Thomas. The name is not Cerman, but the
same Saxon Kaendler — Anglicised.
In England the family is still numerous. All
of them are in the eastern counties, and most
of them are still in the counties of Norfolk and
Suffolk; but branches are found in York, Mid-
dlesex, Lincoln and Essex.
The Chief Inspector of the Metropolitan
Police of the city of London is Stephen Candler.
A characteristic of the family, wherever found,
is, and has been for many generations, a fond-
ness for learning. All have been patrons of
educations and supporters of schools. Most of
the earliest members of the family, of whom
we have any account, were clerg-ymen; but some
were soldiers and others "gentlemen." All of
them, of whom we find any account in the
records, no matter of what calling, were educated
men and were distinguished by some literary
title. This is true as well of those in Ireland as
of the English branches of the family. The
same characteristic also distinguishes the Amer-
ican branch. Colonel William Candler, of the
War of the Revolution, was a man of literary
tastes, and the friend and patron of schools.
The first brick house ever erected in Augusta,
Ga., was built by him, and was a schoolhouse.
He was a member of the first legislature that
assembled in Georgia after the close of the war
for independence. That legislature provided by
law for the establishment and endowment of the
State University, and laid the foundation for a
broad system of popular education, and he was
an ardent supporter of both these measures.
From that day to this his descendants have been
the friends and patrons of learning, and the ad-
vocates of the education of the people.
In the old countries there are many evidences
of this characteristic of the family. Church re-
cords, college records, and inscriptions on old
monuments and memorial tablets all attest it.
On a marble tablet in the north transept of the
Cathedral of Saint Canice, inthe city of Kilkenny,
Ireland, may still be seen "a list of benefactors
for adorning the Cathedral of Saint Canice,
175(3." The following are some of the names,
and the amounts contributed by each. The
Candlers named, it will be observed, had literary
titles:
Dr. Pocock, Bishop of Ossory, 100 Guineas.
Dr. Sandford, ------ 15
Dr. Dawson, ------ 15
H. Candler, A. M., - - - - 10
R. Connell, LL.B., - - - - 3
Earl of Ossory, ----- 20
Earl of Wadesford, - - - 20
T. Candler, A. B., - - - - 10
Lord Viscount Charlemont. - 14
Sir William Evans Morres, Bt., 10
Lord Viscount Ashbrook, - 20
and a number of others.
The catalogues of the alumni of the English
and Irish universities and colleges, to which I
have had access, though imperfect and fragment-
ary, show the names of quite a number of Cand-
lers who have graduated from these institutions
with the regular literary degrees of A. B. and
A. M., and a number of others who had con-
ferred upon them the honorary titles of D. D.,
and LL. D.
For the first hundred years the name appears
in these college records, and in the records of
churches, and on monuments, spelt Candeler,
but for the last three hundred it is written Cand-
ler. The change seems to have been made about
the end of the sixteenth century.
From 1505 to 1525 the Reverend Robert Cand-
eler was rector of West Herling in Norfolk
county, England, and from 1532 to 1511 the Rev-
erend Thomas Candeler was rector of Welborn,
in the same county. In 1508 the name of Rich-
ard Candeler, Esquire, appears in the " Visitation
of London;" and in 1G02, as is inscribed on his
monument in Middlesex count^^ not far from
London, died and was buried Richard Candeler,
Esquire. This is the last time the name appears in
that form. Always afterward it is spelt Candler.
I have been able to examine only a mutilated
and imperfect catalogue of the alumni of the
L'niversity of Cambridge, but from its pages I
learn that there graduated from that institution
with the degree of A. B., Phil. Candler in 1(384 —
A. AL, in 1(588.
Isaac Candler in 1(587.
John Candler in 1(589— A. AL, in 1(593.
Phil. Candler in 1725— A. AL, in 1730, and
Phil. Candler in 1762.
The last Candler who graduated from a Brit-
ish University, was the Reverend Eugene Tem-
ple Ebenezer Candler, A. B., from Oxford, in
1885.
While a few of the descendants of Lieutenant-
Colonel William Candler, of Callan Castle,
Kilkenny, are still in Ireland, most of them live
in England, as do most of the owners of the land
in Ireland. This is due, at least partly, to the
fact that many of them, in addition to their Irish
estates, have inherited also other estates in Eng-
land, from relatives who never went to Ireland.
Thus Captain William Candler of Acomb, York
was the son of Archdeacon Candler, and the
grandson of Thomas Candler of Callan Castle,
and the great-grandson of Lieutenant-Colonel,
William Candler, the founder of the Irish branch
of the family, and was born in Ireland, but he
inherited landed estates in York and lived and
died on them.
Others, as is often the case in England, with
the estates of relatives of another name, took
also their names. Thus Edward Candler, of
Prior Park and Comb Hill, Somerset, England,
and Aghamure, County Kilkenny, Ireland, "suc-
ceeded to considerable estates in the counties of
Norfolk and Lincoln, under the will of his rela-
tive Margaret, widow of Sir Robert Brown, and
daughter of the Honorable Robert Cecil, second
son of James, Earl of Salisbury, and with them
took the name of Brown in addition to and after
the name of Candler," and thus became Edward
Candler-Brown.
Again, in 183(3, Edward Candler of Callan
Castle, married the Baroness Sempill, of Scot-
land, and by royal license, assumed the name of
Sempill only, and his heir, now the Lord of
Callan, is known as Edward Sempill, and not
Edward Candler, and the Barony of Callan,
after having been held by a Candler for
about two hundred and fifty years, is now the
property of a Sempill, because its Lord aban-
doned his family name at marriage, and assumed
by license of the Crown, that of his wife, a
Scottish peeress.
Distasteful as such a custom is to us in re-
publican America, it not unfrequently occurs in
England, that the husband of a woman of super-
ior rank abandons his own name and takes, at
marriage, that of his wife, thus losing his own,
and transmitting hers to their children.
9912
WILLIAM CANDLER, OF CALLAN CAS
Maj
7. John K. Candler,
Never married.
Amelia Candler.
9. Joseph
Left children.
3. Wm. Henry Cand;= Mary Ryan. 4. Ji
ler. I
Mrs. Norman of Ala-
William L. Cand-= Martha Moore.
I
Dr. Patrick H. Cand-
ler, of Arkansas.
Mrs. Dr. Gibbs, of
Texas.
THE DESCENDANTS OI'" LIl'lITI^N/XN T-C'OI.ON i: L Wll.l.IAM CANDLER OF C/
daugllter^l. TlintiiiiN (iuulli'i -il -'i"'"- 'I;"
I i;ii \VilN;.i.i(ii.iil--Soooiiil. Mary, (laugli- 3- J*?""? Candjer.^Name lost.
1 ■ l" ., ..1 c;u«.T torofdiarleBRyvo., of Dublin. Esmiir..| „ ,
Blnrdinor Couiitv KBfl 1- ■'o'"' Candler, of
'niKcnny, .llcl liof. '[ ^ Setfwfthont isTe''''
I 2. EdwanT mantel . '
I ..'..- .,.-"'■— "IVTir "LdwS;,fir='; C Mary Candlor. =Iena«js Few. ,«aM 2.^_Henr^__ ^Ca„«erM,s, Oliver. 3." Fal.y Candler. .,. jvlnla,,,^^ Candler^ 5. ^charle.;^^ Candler, 0. K.tal,e,„c ,„.r. _ Hl.lver., ,, ,,,,,n K c.ndl.r, ». Amelia C^mll„r.:
eenlWr.liOl. S, i,"'"!?;;,,. i,, ,™,V ■ . , Army. Left oliil.lren. l,,.ll i^iilldren. ' lettchildi
i »t. lii.iiiMu;o iiinuo. lEnatliis A. Few,! Snlina A. Carr. John R. Candler, died .
^K^
'suraliLetolrai.od.. 2.^^^ Willi....
71)0.
pe 0 d 0 "
1 j'
LIEUTEXANT-COLONUI. WII.IJAM CANDl.IiR, ()!■ CALI.AN CASTLE, IRELAND.
CanOler.^Ellzabeth Antbony.
in North Caro-
Flrst wife, MissYoung.^
John Candler, died 2. Louisa Candler.
Martha Muore.
Fraie3E,Candler.=Wlf8on Simpson.
Andrew J. Simpson, of
DiihlolO. Ciindlor.-^Nanoy
, \
9912"
I
iilii
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