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U 51912. a
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CALENDAR
OP
STATE PAPERS,
COLONIAL SERIES,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
a 2
Voto \ i c.-V i e nc.
CALENDAR
OF
STATE PAPERS,
COLONIAL SERIES,
jyI.Tj
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES,
16691674.
PRESERVED IN
HER MAJESTY'S PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE.
EDITED BY
W. NOEL SAINSBURY,
ASSISTANT KEEPER OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS,
HON. MEMBER OF THE AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY AND OF THE HISTORICAL
SOCIETIES OF MASSACHUSETTS, MAINE, NEW YORK, MARYLAND,
PENNSYLVANIA, CAROLINA, GEORGIA, VIRGINIA, ETC.
UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS, AND WITH THE SANCTION OF
HER MAJESTY'S SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIAL DEPARTMENT.
LONDON:
PRINTED FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE,
BY EYRE AND SPOTTISWOODE,
PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY.
And to be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from
EYRE AND SPOTTISWOODE, EAST HARDING STREET, FLEET STREET, E.G.; or
ADAM AND CHARLES BLACK, 6, NORTH BRIDGE, EDINBURGH ; or
HODGES, FIGGIS, & Co., 104, GRAFTON STREET, DUBLIN.
1889.
Printed by
EYRE and SPOTTISWOODE, Her Majesty's Printers.
For Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
CONTENTS OP THIS VOLUME.
PREFACE vii
LIST OP COLONIAL ENTRY BOOKS xli
CALENDAR, 1669-1674 - 1
GENERAL INDEX - - 639
ERRATA ..... - 715
PREFACE.
THIS volume of the Calendar of State Papers, America and
West Indies, is in continuation of the previous volume of
the same series ending with the year 1668, and comprises
six years of our Colonial History, from 1669 to 1674,
abstracted from 1,433 documents in the National Collection
of the Public Kecords.
The American Colonies, 11 of which were in course of
settlement and development during these six years, and
Our Possessions in America, in the "West Indies, and in
Africa, form the principal contents of this Calendar. There
are also many papers which relate to the French and the
Dutch West Indies and to South America.
Attention was drawn in the Preface to the last volume
of this Calendar, to the valuable collection of " Shaftes-
bury Papers," relating to the early settlement of Carolina,
which was presented to the Public Kecord Office, by the
late Earl of Shaftesbury. About 150 of these " Shaftes-
bury Papers " are abstracted in this volume, and illustrate
very fully the progress of the settlements in Carolina
during this period.
By Articles of Agreement signed by all the Lords Pro- Carolina,
prietors, they undertook to contribute 500?., to be laid out
in shipping, arms, ammunition, tools, and provisions for
the settlement of Port Eoyal, and a further sum of 2001.
per annum for the next four years (54). A fleet of three
ships was, consequently, sent out in August 1669, at a cost
viii PREFACE.
of 3,2001 16s. 6d. (55), viz., the Carolina, Henry Brayne,
master ; the Port Royal, John Russell, master ; and the
Albemarle, Edward Baxter, master (99.- i.). The list of
passengers on board 'the Carolina contains the names of
some of the most prominent settlers in the new Colony,
many of them taking out with them from five to 10
servants, the total number of passengers being 92 (97. i.).
The Albemarle arrived three days after the other ships, but
broke her cables and was lost on the rocks (124). The Port
Royal was also cast away and lost near the Bahamas, but
although Florence 0. Sullivan, who went out as Surveyor
of the new settlement, wrote to Lord Ashley that all were
lost but the master and two or three men (250), the
" humble declaration of John Russell, late master of the
" Port Royal " (434), in his circumstantial account of the
loss of his ship, records that after beating about for six
weeks, and being driven to the greatest extremities, all
their people were put safely ashore, by the help of their
boat, and ultimately " got transportation " to Bermudas
(see also p. 622). Early in 1671, the John and Thomas
arrived at Albemarle Point from Barbadoes, with 42 pas-
sengers (433, 471. i.), and on 14th August of the same year,
the Blessing landed 96 passengers at Ashley River (541,
612, p. 280). Joseph Dalton, a passenger on the Carolina,
wrote to Lord Ashley from Charles Town, upon Ashley
River, in January 1672 (736), an " essay of affairs in this
place " and on the nature and properties of the country,
in which he says that 337 men, 71 women, and 62 children
or persons under 16 years of age, was the full number
of persons who had arrived since the first fleet from
England and up to that date, whereof 43 men, 2 women,
and 3 children had died, and 16 were absent, leaving a total
of 406 then in the colony, 278 of whom were men able to
bear arms.
PEEFACE. ix
Conditions of encouragement by grants of land and
other " concessions " (918) were held out by the Lords
Proprietors of Carolina to all who would settle in their
Colony, whether from Ireland or elsewhere, likewise to the
English Planters in Surinam, who were willing to remove
to Port Koyal (41), which induced " multitudes," and
many " considerable men " (688) from Barbadoes, New
England, and other parts, to fit out for Carolina (473).
Six hundred industrious people from New York also
resolved to settle at Ashlev River, the Governor and
tf
others being much troubled at the inclination of the
people of New York that way (p. 279), and many removed
from Antigua "weary of the hurricanes " (1388), and from
the Bermudas (p. 278).
On 6th May 1674, further Articles of Agreement were
signed by the Lords Proprietors, who then undertook to
subscribe each 100/. per annum, for seven years, to supply
Carolina with clothing and other necessaries, until the
inhabitants, by the product of vendible commodities, were
able to draw a trade of merchandise to themselves (1270).
Governor Sayle, very soon after his arrival in the Colony,
urged upon the Lords Proprietors the want of a godly and
orthodox minister " which I and many others have lived
" under as the greatest of our mercies " (202), and he
strongly recommended one Sampson Bond, of long standing
in Exeter College, Oxford, who was " in my late country
" of Bermudas, under whose powerful and sole edifying
" ministry, I have lived about eight years past, . . . and
" I have written to him to come and sit down with us,
" which is the most hearty request of the Colony in
" general." In another letter (246), Governor Sayle again
dwelt upon the great want of an able minister in the
Colony by whose means, he said, corrupted youth might
be much reclaimed, the people instructed, and the Sabbath
x PREFACE.
and service of God not neglected. The prosperity of the
Israelite, Sayle warned the Lords Proprietors, decayed when
their prophets were wanting, " for where the Ark of God
" is there is peace and tranquillity." The " good, aged,
Governor," who was at least 80 years of age, died of a
consumption on 4th March 1671, very much lamented "by
" our people, whose life was as dear to them as the hopes
" of their prosperity" (433, 474). The Rev. Sampson
Bond remained at the Bermudas many years after Governor
Sayle's death.
The original or first set of the Fundamental Constitutions
of Carolina in 111 articles, a little volume of 75 leaves,
bound in vellum, entirely in the handwriting of John
Locke, and full of corrections by him, is dated 21st July
1669 (84). The Fundamental Constitutions, known as the
second set, and dated 1st March 1670, consisted of 120
articles, which were to " remain the sacred and unalter-
" able form and rule of government of Carolina for
" ever," but a third set is dated 12th January 1682,
a fourth set 17th August 1682, and a fifth and last set
llth April 1698 (157).
All the Lords Proprietors of Carolina did to promote
the welfare of their Colony, and the progress of its rapid
growth and development, may readily be traced in these
" Shaftesbury Papers " by the help of the General Index,
which is so constructed that full details will be found of
all our other Colonies and Possessions referred to in this
Calendar.
Virginia The prosperity of Virginia is evidenced in the accounts
received from the Colony during the six years of this
Calendar. By 1673 twenty regiments of foot had been
raised, and as many troops of horse, without making use of
any slaves, or few English servants. Virginia yearly raised
a greater revenue to the Crown by customs than any
PREFACE. x i
Plantation under his Majesty's dominions, therefore, as
" they may justly hope for" so the Governor and As-
sembly petitioned for a sufficient supply of arms and
ammunition, for they had not arms for every tenth man
(1118).
Sir John Knight told the J^arl of Shaftesbury, then
Lord Chancellor, that Virginia paid 150,000/. revenue in
customs for tobacco alone imported into England, which
would in a few years probably increase to 250,0002., " so
" that Virginia is of as great importance to his Majesty
" as the Spanish Indies to Spain, and employs more ships
*' and breeds more seamen for his Majesty's service than any
" other trade " (1159). The Governor reminded the King
that soldiers will not serve for tobacco, because the merchants
give them so little for it that a year's salary will hardly
clothe them. Locke has noted that corn was worth in
September 1674, 150 Ibs. of tobacco per barrel (1428).
The transportation of convicted felons and other prisoners Convicts
to Virginia was a subject of frequent complaint. It was not Virginia
unusual for a convict to be discharged from prison on
giving security for his or her transportation to Virginia or
some other Colony (11-14), and the influx of these felons
became so great a grievance that an order of the General
Court, held at James City, was issued, setting forth the
danger to the Colony caused by the great numbers of
felons and other desperate villains being sent over from
the prisons in England, " the horror yet remaining of the
" barbarous designs of those villains in September 1663,
" who attempted at once the subversion of our religion,
" laws, liberties, rights, and privileges," and prohibiting the
landing of any " jail birds" from and after 20th January
1671, upon pain of being forced to carry them to some
other country (175). This order was approved by the
Home Government, as appears by a despatch from Thos.
x ii PREFACE.
Ludwell, the Secretary of Virginia, to Lord Arlington,
thanking the Secretary of State, in his country's behalf,
for his Lordship's assistance in the confirmation of said
order, prohibiting the importation of " Newgateers."
" The safety of this country depends upon the continuance
" of it," wrote Secretary Ludwell, " so many insolent
" villanies having been committed by men of that sort that
" greater numbers would hazard the peace of it " (590).
There is a notable exception to this condemnation of
" Newgateers " in the person of one William Sherwood,
who became a respected inhabitant and in a letter to Sec-
retary Lord Arlington's private secretary says, he " cannot
" without shame look upon the foul act which was the
" cause of his being in Virginia." Williamson has endorsed
this letter " one of those who robbed me whom I saved "
(564).
Massachu- The disputes between the Governments of Massachusetts
setts and an( j M a i ne are the main features in the papers relating
to these Northern Colonies, abstracted in this volume,
out of which, however, no inconsiderable portion of the
history of the several Provinces of New England can
be gleaned. The petitions of Ferdinando Gorges to the
King and Council (150, 439) throw considerable light
on this controversial subject, and led to " New England
affairs " being brought before the Council for Plantations
(184, 512, 566, 753) who, after a full hearing, ordered that
the King should be moved to send Commissioners over,
which was agreed to, and Commissioners were accordingly
appointed, and their instructions prepared. Colonel Cart-
wright, one of the Commissioners who had been sent over
some years before, told the Council at their meeting in
June 1671, that he had sent a narrative of former proceed-
ings in New England to the King at Oxford in 1665. He
also informed the Council that the Ministers in New Eng-
PREFACE. Xlii
land having no settled salary would, he 'believed, be
contented if the Government might be changed. He
affirmed that the country was healthful and fruitful, and
provisions plentiful ; that they had store of good horses,
and, doubtless, lead and copper mines, and that the number
of people fit to bear arms might probably double in ten
years. In 1652 they began to coin money with a palm
branch on one side, and Salem (their greatest town save
Boston) on the other ; that they still continued to coin
money, but put the date of 1652 upon it, so as not to
seem to trespass on the King's prerogative. [N.B. This is
ivorth the notice of coin collectors.'] Their total forces by
land were nearly 50,000, viz., Massachusetts, 30,000 ;
Connecticut, 14,000; New Hampshire, 1,800; Maine,
1,000; Plymouth, 1,000, and Providence, &c., 1,000; and
he conceived there might be about 200 sail belonging to
New England. The " differences in the several Provinces
of New England " were, however, no nearer being settled
in 1674 (1420) than they had been six years before,
excepting as regarded the disposing of lands. " The Mas-
" sachusetts, though affecting an universal authority, will
" allow the Proprietors Gorges and Mason, if they had
" their right to the Massachusetts, power to have free
" disposing of the land" (1397).
" There is a place," wrote a correspondent of Sir Joseph New York.
Williamson's from Barbadoes, " much cried up of late,
" taken from the Dutch, now called New York " (126),
the Governor of which Colony, Francis Lovelace, told
Williamson their conveyance [of letters] was so slow, " like
" the production of * ellephats ' once almost in two years,"
and that if he did but know in what darkness they live
" as if we had as well crossed Lethas as the Atlantic Ocean,"
he could not but take compassion and solace them (285). A
year later, in October 1671, Governor Lovelace thanks the
PREFACE.
Under Secretary of State for that light of intelligence he
vouchsafes to favour them with, without which they were
in Egyptian darkness. " It is some satisfaction," he says,
" to hear what is acted in the theatre of their native
" country." He then goes on to describe New York as
smiling in a hopeful and thriving condition, their harbour
being fuller with shipping than ever was known since the
discovery was made, but he adds, " a little countenance from
" their mother would refresh them much " (646). By the
following year, however, a spirit of immigration, chiefly
among the English colonists, set in, and 200 families
were ready to remove to the new and prosperous Colony on
Ashley River in Carolina, and 600 industrious people
resolved to go thither from New York (664, 746).
Colonel Francis Lovelace had succeeded Richard Nicolls
as Governor of New York (under the Duke of York) in
August 1668, and it was under his Government that the
Colony was retaken by the Dutch on 30th July 1673, either
" by treachery or negligence " (1138), with the loss of one
man on each side. The Dutch fleet consisted of 20
ships, and the army landed of about 800 men. Only seven
of these ships came from Holland, the rest were prizes.
They were not exactly privateers, though commissioned by
the States to make spoil where they could. They had
previously, it seems, brought 100 Frenchmen off from
Surinam and burnt it, leaving none there. Governor
Leverett of Massachusetts gives a full account to Secretary
Lord Arlington of the surrender of New York, which will
be found abstracted at pp. 520-525. A full and circum-
stantial account of the taking of New York, which is not
printed in Documents relating to the History of New York
(11 Vols. 4fo), is to be found in a letter from Richard
"Wharton, written from Boston to one of his kinsmen.
"Wharton was owner of large tracts of territory in Maine
PKEFACE. XV
and New Hampshire, and he subsequently became a mem-
ber of the Council of New York, when Major Andros was
the Governor. Colonel Lovelace was away in Connecticut
at the time, through whose neglect and the treachery of
Captain Manning, who was left Commander-in- Chief, New
York was surrendered to the Dutch, who had private intel-
ligence of the weakness and disorder of the place. The
garrison soldiers were mostly drawn out, the guns dis-
mounted or the carriages rotten or unserviceable, and the
people dissatisfied with the oppression of their rulers and
ready to revolt, on which invitations and encouragements
they were emboldened to bring up their ships against the
town, and, finding no resistance, landed about 500 men,
who in a straight and long street marched up to the fort,
and were saluted with only one gun, and on their approach
the English flag was struck and the gates set open, so that
without the least dispute or complaint the English marched
out and the Dutch marched in to the fort (1144). Many
proposals were submitted to the English Government for
the " retaking of New York," notably by Wm. Dyre,
Sir John Knight, and Lord Culpeper, together with the
opinion and humble advice of the Council for Trade and
Plantations to the King, which was most probably drawn
up by John Locke (1145, 1159, 1164-1166) ; but neither
of these was adopted, for in the following year a formal
cession of the whole territory was made to England by
the States-General by Treaty, and on 1st July 1674 the
Duke of York commissioned Major Edmund Andros his
Lieutenant and Governor for his province of New York
(1311).
Sir Thomas Temple, in letters to Secretary Lord Arlington Nova Scotia.
(24, 25) describes in detail his purchase of Nova Scotia for
the sum of 16,260Z., of which he was for some years the
resident Governor, but was, in August 1669, commanded by
U 51912.
xvi PEEFACE.
Charles II. forthwith to restore to the French King, in
pursuance of the Treaty of Breda (95), and he hopes God
may inspire his Lordship's heart to do a charitable deed to
a friendless person in distress, " a rare thing, I confess,
at Court." In a letter to the King, written 18 months
later (384), he recounts " the whole truth of his heart }>
and his own sad condition consequent upon the King's
commands to surrender his country to the French, which
he says is annexed to the Crown of Scotland, as the records
in Edinburgh Castle show, and is of infinite more value
than St. Christopher's. He beseeches the King to take his
12 years' faithful services into consideration, and points out
his reason for first coming to Nova Scotia, which he says
George Kirke, the Master of the King's House, can
testify. Sir Thomas Temple describes his design more
fully in his letter to Secretary Lord Arlington, written
two years before his said letter to the King, wherein
he says that the true reason of his coming into those parts
was to fly Cromwell's fury for having laid a design for his
King late Majesty's escape when he was at his trial, which Mr.
Charles 1st. Kirke> if te be aliv6j will i n f or mhis Lordship, Sir Thomas,
had very nearly effected, having made a brother of his,
Colonel Edmund Temple, for one night, Captain of the guard
of the King's person. This coming to Cromwell's ears, Sir
Thomas was privately advised by his kinsman, the then
Lord Fienes (in great favour with Cromwell), to absent
himself till the times might be more propitious, and his
good friend and uncle, old Lord Say, then advised and
assisted him to purchase Nova Scotia. This " design " for
the escape of Charles 1st, which it will be remembered is
graphically depicted in a popular novel of the present day,
is undoubtedly an historical fact, otherwise it is scarcely
probable that Sir Thomas Temple would relate the cir-
cumstance to Charles II. and to his Secretary of State.
PREFACE. X vii
Another interesting reference to Charles 1st will be found
in Jo. Newington's address, written in 1670, to Jas. Dra-
water, merchant, at Jo. Lindnpp's, at the Bunch of Grapes,
in Ship Yard, by Temple Bar (282). Newington says all
the news he can write about is that one Hugh Peachell,
who has lived in Barbadoes almost 20 years with many
persons of good esteem, and lately with Colonel Bar wick,
has gained much money, yet it was observed none thrived
less than he. That falling sick some three weeks since he
was much troubled in his conscience, but would not " utter
himself" to any but a minister, who being sent for,
Peachell acknowledged himself to be the person that cut
off the head of King Charles, for which he had 100/. He
received such comfort as the divine, one parson Leshley,
could afford him, and, with much seeming penitence, died
in a quarter of an hour. " This I may report for a real
truth," Newington says, " and think that one Mr. Hewel,
" condemned for the same and "now in Newgate, would be
" glad to be acquainted with this."
The controversy as to whether Newfoundland should be Newfouud-
an English Colony un.der a " settled government " or be a
used simply as a station for the great fisheries carried on
there, which is the subject matter of numerous papers in
the previous volume of this Calendar, is brought to a con-
clusion in this volume. The arguments for a settled
government tendered by Captain Robertson to the Duke of
York, together with his Keply to the Answer of the West
Country Gentlemen to his own proposals about Newfound-
land, will be found abstracted Nos. 368, 369. But the
address of the merchants, owners and masters of ships, and
the inhabitants of the western parts to the King prays for
" additional powers about the Newfoundland fishing only."
They declared that in process of time loose persons stay
b 2
xviii PREFACE.
in the country, who tend to destroy the trade and are
useless in all respects. That in consequence the fisher-
men's houses are torn down, timber is burnt, and the
seamen are debauched, and the French, in their seamen
and shipping, by their fishery, do much increase. Upon
this address the King issued an Order in Council directing
all parties concerned to give their attendance at the Board,
when they were fully heard, and his Majesty's Council
for Plantations were ordered to consider the best ways
and means whereby the fishing trade in Newfoundland
may be regulated, advanced, and protected and secured
from foreigners, and managed for the increase of seamen
and the advantage of his Majesty and his subjects.
The Council thereupon made their report to the King
upon the whole matter in controversy, and offered, as their
opinion and advice, that his Majesty, by way of addition
to his former charter, should grant certain rules and orders
for government of the said fishery. That all his Majesty's
subjects should enjoy the freedom of taking fish in any
of the rivers in Newfoundland provided they submitted to
the orders established for the fishery. That no stranger
should be permitted to take bait or fish, and no inhabitant
to burn or destroy any wood or plant within six miles of
the sea shore, nor take up any stage before the arrival of
the fishermen out of England. And that masters of ships
were to bring back all seamen and others, and none to be
suffered to remain in Newfoundland. Fines and forfei-
tures were to be levied upon all offenders, and encourage-
ment given to the inhabitants of Newfoundland to go to
Jamaica or other foreign plantations. The King, by an
Order in Council, approved this report, and the Attorney-
General was directed to prepare a Bill for his Majesty's
signature to pass the Great Seal accordingly (362. i.-v.).
PREFACE.
The imposition of an additional duty on sugar was the Barbadoes.
subject of heated debates in both Houses of Parliament
during the Session of 1671, and a "full account of all
passages in this business " was transmitted by a Committee
of the " Gentlemen Planters [of Barbadoes] in London to
the Assembly of that island" (519). This Committee "ap-
plied themselves " to the Council for Plantations, as well
as to several leading members of the House of Commons,
to show how ruinous any additional duty on sugar would
be to the settlement of Barbadoes, nevertheless the Bill
passed the Commons. The Committee then put in their
Addresses to the Upper House, knowing the Lords " to be
" unconcerned and of more discerning judgment than the
" generality of the Commons," and undoubtedly would
have had the same [ill] success as in the Commons had not
the Governor of Barbadoes, William Lord Willoughby,
who was then in London, and one of the Committee, with
great efficacy convinced the Lords of the mistake the
merchants were " running them upon." So the Lords re-
turned the amended Bill to the Commons who " flew into a
heat," voted the Lords had no right to abate of any aid
granted to the King, and both Lords and Commons adher-
ing strictly to their privileges, the King prorogued Parlia-
ment. A full account of this debate will be found in the
Lords' Journal [Vol. XII., April 12-22.]
The King was not " over well pleased " with the loss of
his Bill (for laying an additional duty on foreign com-
modities) " which was occasioned wholly by the dispute on
sugar." There are many papers on this subject ab-
stracted in this Yolume, all of which may readily be
referred to by means of the General Index. Certain it is
that the representations of the Gentlemen Planters of
Barbadoes of the ruinous effects any additional imposition
would have upon the chief produce of that island were
XX PREFACE.
strictly accurate inasmuch as there is evidence in a petition
from the Assembly to the King in Dec. 1671, that through
the apprehension of customs on sugars being increased,
upwards of 4,000 inhabitants within three years had
deserted the island, many being led through great encour-
agement to settle in foreign plantations (674. i.)
William Lord William Lord Willoughby, Governor of Barbadoes wrote
Willoughby.
for the last time to the Council for Plantations on 7th March
1673 (1044). At a meeting of the Council on the 5th of
the following month it was announced that the Governor's
" indisposition of health " had caused him to appoint Sir
Peter Colleton Deputy Governor and President of the
Council (1065, 1068). Governor Lord Willoughby " lay
sick " only a few days and departed this life on 10th April
1673 (1098, 1104). Sir Peter Colleton announced the
death of the Governor and his own appointment as Deputy
Governor and President of the Council to the Privy Council
in England, and at same iime enclosed detailed statements
of the inhabitants and the public stores in the island, as well
as lists of the most eminent planters and the number of
acres possessed by each one (1101. i. n. in.). By these state-
ments it appears that the population of Barbadoes in 1673
was 21,309 whites and 33,184 negroes, but as a report was
current that these lists were taken in order to a tax on
negroes, Sir Peter Colleton was of opinion that one-third
of the negroes was not given. Of the white population,
8,435 were women, and 3,600 boys, of which one-half may
be English, and the rest Scotch, Irish, French, Dutch, and
Jews. More than half the estimated number of negroes
were boys and girls, while the women numbered nearly
1,700 more than the men, the numbers being 11,914
women and 10,236 men. All the names of the most
eminent planters in Barbadoes will be found on pp. 496-7,
with the number of acres possessed by each planter, which
PREFACE.
range from 200 to 1,000 acres, the average number held
by each planter being 300 acres.
In connexion with Barbadoes there is a curious specimen
of spelling in a letter from a Quaker, one Lewis Morris, to
Secretary Lord Arlington (635). The diction is unique
and so characteristic that it has been printed verbatim et
literatim. We may, while on the subject of letter writing,
refer to the Earl of Shaftesbury's letter " to his very affec-
" tionate friend, Sir John Yeamans." As the last line is John Locke,
in Locke's handwriting, and the letter book from which
it is taken contains many letters in his handwriting
though all were sent in the name of his employer, the Earl
of Shaftesbury, it may be inferred that this volume was
Locke's letter book and that the letter in question was
written by the Great Philosopher. It is a masterpiece of
composition, and has been printed in full (861). It is well
known the deep interest that Locke took in the settling of
Carolina, which is fully evidenced in the " Shaftesbury
Papers " as the contents of this Calendar show, but it has
never been suggested that he contemplated a visit to what
might be called in those days " that distant region." Yeb he
must have thought of doing so sometime in the year 1673,
which we gather from a letter addressed to him at Lord
Shaftesbury's residence in little Exeter House in* the
Strand (1103). In this letter Sir Peter Colleton tells Locke
that he has been long expecting to hear news from him
from New England, and Lord Willoughby and himself
*
had projects of taking Carolina in their way (from Barba-
does) and visiting Locke there. But, adds Sir Peter, it has
pleased God to dispose things otherwise. Lord Willoughby
is dead, Locke in employment in England, and himself
tied by the leg with an office in Barbadoes until the King
pleases to release him. Locke was appointed Secretary to
the Lords Commissioners for Foreign Plantations on
xxii PREFACE.
14th October 1673, with a salary of 5001. per annum, and
his 10 years' experience of Colonial affairs, especially as
regards Carolina, must have materially added to his use-
fulness at that Board.
Twenty-two years later he was appointed one of the
Lords Commissioners, and it is worthy of remark that
several literary and scientific men of this and a later period
were rewarded with seats at the Board of Trade and
Plantations, to mention only, besides Locke, the names of
Waller and Newton. Pepys was made Secretary to the
Admiralty, while Addison became Under Secretary of State,
and Steele held the office of Commissioner of Stamps,
besides other appointments.
Jamaica. At the close of the year 1668 Jamaica was in a very
thriving condition, and growing rich by privateering and
the produce of the country, and the Governor, Sir Thos.
Modyford, had the character of a prudent and obliging
person (Cal. 1661-8, No. 1892), Six years later, in 1674,
Governor Sir Thos. Lynch reported to the Home Govern-
ment that the island had improved to a marvel, and the
people were as contented as Englishmen could be (1389).
A survey had been made [of Jamaica in 1670 by " the
" extraordinary diligence " of Thos. Tothill, the King's
Receiver-General, which showed that at that date there
were above 209,000 acres granted by patent to the in-
habitants, there being 717 families, estimated at about
15,000 persons, and the prosperity of the island is evidenced
in an abstract of the commodities produced. There were
57 sugar works, producing yearly 1,710,000 (? Ibs.) weight
of sugar, 47 cocoa walks yielding 180,000 Ibs. of nuts,,
and 49 indigo works, producing 49,000 (? Ibs.) weight of
indigo per annum, besides pepper, salt, and other pro-
ducts. No island abounded in cocoa more than Jamaica,
" and the profit is such that if it keep up the moiety of
PREFACE. xxiii
" the price it will be of far more gain to the planter than
" indigo, cotton, ginger, or sugar." Great stock of cattle,
60 tame cattle had in six years increased to 6,000, and
sheep, goats, and tame hogs in plenty, " so that all danger
" of want is past, and in a short time they hope to furnish
" the ships homeward bound" (270, 271, 375).
The revenue of Jamaica in the year 1670, arising from
duties on wines, spirits, &c., quitrents, and fines and
forfeitures, was 1,870. per annum, while the necessary
disbursements for support of the Government, which in-
cluded 1,OOOZ. salary to the Governor, 400?. to the Deputy
Governor, 200Z. to the Major-General, and 801. to the
Chief Judge, and other salaries, amounted in all to
1,960Z., and with incidental expenses for the fort, to
nearly 3,500Z. (264. i.).
Governor Modyford's Answers to the Queries of the Lords
for Trade and Plantations, abstracted pp. 302-307, contain
a complete history of the island, and show besides the
numbers of ships under the command of Admiral Morgan,
those which arrived at and traded with the island, the
'* trained bands," with names of the captains and number
of privates, which were in all 2,386 men and officers, also
a horse regiment with 222 men and officers, the " establish -
" ment of Jamaica," which was settled in 1663 at 2,500L
per annum, and the ammunition, guns, and stores, and
how disposed of.
One John Style, a fellow student with Lord Arlington at
Christ Church, continues in this volume his correspondence
with the Secretary of State, with letters of considerable
interest. He had been a resident in Jamaica since 1665
[1023, previous FoL], and wrote on most matters that con-
cerned the island, which he affirmed would maintain more
people than England (7). He complained of the great
number of " tippling houses," and that there were not more
xxiv PREFACE.
than 10 men resident to every licensed house that sold
strong liquors, and of the wickedness of those who called
themselves Christians. " "Were the most savage heathens
" here present," wrote Style, " they might learn cruelty
" and oppression, the worst of Sodom, or the Jews that
" crucified our Saviour might behold themselves matched
" if not undone " (138). As opposed to this we have the
Governor's statement that the King was " piously pleased"
to pay five ministers 100L each until a law for the main-
tenance of the ministry was passed. In 1671 Mr. Howser,
" a Switzer," Mr. Maxwell, a Scotchman, Mr. Lemmings,
an Englishman, and Mr. Zellers, another Switzer, all
orthodox men of good life and conversation, preached
every Sunday ; but Mr. Pickering is dead, and there is
none to supply his place, " but, alas," writes Governor
Modyford, " these five do not preach to one third of the
" island, and the plantations are at such a distance that
" it is impossible to make up congregations, but they
" meet at each other's houses as the primitive Christians
" did, and there pray, read a chapter, sing a psalm, and
*' home again, so that did not the accessors to this island
" come so well instructed in the articles of our faith,
" it might well be feared the Christian religion would
" be quite forgot" (p. 305).
Jamaica was divided into 15 parishes, but " many a
" parish had as yet no church " at the close of the year
1671, when the Governor said that he could not give any
account of the number of the dead, as few were brought
to the parish church to be buried (p. 304). Within a
year, however, this state of things was altered, for the
Council of Jamaica, in September 1672, ordered that in
all parishes where there were ministers either the parson
or sexton was to keep a true account of all burials and
christenings, " which has been much neglected," and once
PREFACE. xxv
a year deliver it to the churchwardens to make entry in
the parish book ; and that in all parishes without ministers,
and where the inhabitants live at such distances from the
parish church that they cannot conveniently bury there,
" and possibly the rites of burial are not used," all masters
of families be obliged in such cases to give account of the
death and birth of any in their families to the next Justice
of the Peace, and he to deliver it to the churchwardens,
who are to enter it as aforesaid, so that a certain record
be kept throughout the island for the future (933).
Gambling seems to have been a crying evil in Jamaica. Gambling in
" Through the immoderate use of unlawful gaming many
" mischiefs daily arose," both in maintaining idle and dis-
orderly persons and in coercing and debauching many
young gentlemen and others to the loss of their time and
fortunes, so that few escaped a prison or being made
servants in a very short time. In order to put a stop to
these abuses it was ordered by the Council of the island
that all persons keeping public -houses of gaming, or per-
mitting it, should, on conviction, be fined 101. or more,
that common gamesters should pay double the money
they had won, as well .as those winning money at any
game by fraud or false dice, and that bonds, bills, and
promises to pay money lost at play or in betting should
be utterly void ; but " it was not intended," by this Order
of Council, " to restrain masters of families and others
" known to be men of at least 2,OOOZ. estate in the island
" from innocent diversion in said games" (645). The
remarks in a paper addressed to Governor Lord Vaughan
some years later are appropriate to this subject. Public
manly sports, says the writer, instead of cards, dice, and
tables, should be brought into fashion among the young
gentry, as riding at the ring, tilting on horseback, shoot-
ing, running, wrestling, and the like, and prizes should
xxvi PKEPACE.
be given to the victors by way of encouragement. A
good collection of books should be gotten at the public
expense, and disposed " in the most conspicuous places"
for such of the gentry as are studious to read, since there
is nothing more ridiculous than ignorance in a person of
quality. That idleness be utterly discountenanced as un-
worthy of a man and most unworthy of a gentleman, and
certainly the father of expensive vices, and the undoubted
mother of poverty and shame. That penalties be set on
men's vices, especially upon swearing, " that unpleasant,
" unprofitable piece of irreligion," and upon intemperance,
that shame of society, so that at least it may be brought
to the state it was formerly, when those that were drunk
were drunk in the night. That Government would do
well to make the laws few and plain, and the execution
certain and severe. If the law be good it ought to be
executed, if ill, repealed. Besides the laws designed for
the redress of immoralities must receive their true value
from the example of the Court. Shame is a greater re-
straint upon vice than penalties or pain itself, therefore
the Governor ought to begin the reformation at his own
house (1425).
Governors of During the six years comprised in this volume, there
were three Governors of Jamaica. Sir Thomas Modyford
was recalled in January 1671, having been Governor seven
years (377). A petition to the King to continue him
Governor, which was numerously signed, was read by
the King in Council, but rejected (331). He was sent
home a prisoner and committed to the Tower, because of
his proceedings with the Privateers, and giving them com-
missions and encouragement to attack the possessions of
Spain, in the West Indies. We are told that the Privateers
gave him 20L for every commission, " which, in all, may
" amount to about 400Z.," and all their presents and his
PREFACE. xxvii
gains by them, directly or indirectly, Charles Modyford
said, never exceeded 500L The King's fifteenth of prizes,
brought in by Privateers, amounted to 600Z. or TOOL, but
were expended on fortifications (573. i.). The considera-
tions which moved Sir Thos. Modyford to give his consent
for fitting the Privateers of Jamaica against the Spaniards,
and showing how his Majesty's interest may be strengthened
in the West Indies by coming into a nearer friendship
with the Buccaniers of Hispaniola, with his reasons why
Privateers should not be discontinued in the West Indies,
and many other propositions presented to the Privy
Council, are abstracted in this volume, and furnish a full
and complete record of his conduct in relation to the
Privateers (276-281 and 577-578).
Sir Thos. Lynch arrived Governor in June 1671 (552),
and in August following he sent Sir Thos. Modyford home
a prisoner on board the Jamaica Merchant, wrote a full
account of his proceedings by that ship to the Secretary
of State, and enclosed an elaborate report on the present
state of the Government of Jamaica, this 20th August
1671 (604), which was followed by a further report to the
President of the Council for Plantations, two months
later (640).
When Lord Vaughan was appointed Governor of
Jamaica, in April 1674 (1258-9), the Earl of Carlisle had
been first nominated, the Council consisted of 12
persons, all of whom are named in his Draft Commission
(1251), and the Assembly of 19 members (1233). Captain
Brayne, refusing to stand for an Assembly man, was
committed to prison without bail during pleasure (1224).
The last abstract but one in this volume is of a map of
Jamaica, showing the boundaries of the parishes as fixed
in 1674, and also the mountains, harbours, rivers, islands,
&c. The churches are also delineated, and many houses
XXVlii PREFACE.
and plantations are numbered (1432). A full description
of the Great Seal of Silver is given by Governor Lynch at
p. 250, who made several Orders in Council for the better
regulating the delivery of letters, which was complained of
as "a grand mischief " to every person or merchant, as
any man opens as he pleases, stifBess (i.e. without cere-
mony), and it was urged that the establishment of an
office for receipt of all letters, both coming in and out,
"would well satisfy the people" (331, 633, p. 268).
Henry It was in consequence of the receipt by Sir Thos.
and the Modyford of a commission from the Queen Regent of
ers ' Spain which the Governor of Curagoa sent to the Governor
of Jamaica, in which her Governors in the West Indies
'were commanded to make open war against his Majesty's
subjects, and because the Spanish Governors granted
commissions and were levying forces against the English,
that it was ordered by the Council of Jamaica that a
commission be granted to Admiral Henry Morgan to be
Commander-in-chief of all ships of war belonging to that
harbour, and to attack, seize, and destroy the enemy's
vessels (209). Admiral Morgan had been 11 or 12 years
in the Indies, and, "from a private gentleman by his
" valour has raised himself to now what he is." He and his
old Buccaniers knew every creek, and the Spaniards' mode
of fighting, and be a town never so well fortified, and
the numbers never so unequal, if money or good plunder
be in the case, they will either win it manfully or die
courageously. One of the first places taken by Capts.
Prince and Harris was Granada, in the river of Nicaragua,
without any considerable loss, when each man shared
between 30Z. and 40Z. (293). Governor Modyford told
Secretary Lord Arlington that but 120 men entered the
town undiscovered, and by their usual wiles got the best
of the town prisoners, plundered till noon, which they say
PREFACE. xxix
yielded but 7 Ibs. in silver and 12L in money per head,
which is nothing to what they had five years since, but
the town is much decayed, and the principal men gone to
Guatemala, as being more secure. A singular challenge
from Sign or Pardal, " the vapouring [Spanish] Admiral of
" St. Jago," to Admiral Morgan, was nailed to a tree near
the west point of Jamaica, but Pardal being soon after
found by Capt. Morrice, he was attacked in a bay at the
east end of Cuba, and killed by a shot in the throat (310,
310. i. n.) On their way to Panama, the Buccaniers took
Providence, where they found 300 men in garrison, who
yielded next day, but only 60 slaves and 500?. in plunder
(483, 494). Admiral Morgan had previously taken pos-
session of Eio del Hacha (359).
There are several accounts of the taking of Panama Taking of
(483, 504-506, 542), but Admiral Morgan's " true account
" and relation of this my last expedition against the
" Spaniards " is the fullest and the best, and shows there
was hard fighting and great slaughter before they got
possession of the city. Finding that Chagres Castle
blocked the way, it was determined to attack it, which
was done by Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph Bradley, with 470
men, who, after fighting in the trenches from 3 till 8 the
next morning, stormed the castle. The enemy refused
quarter, which cost them 360 men, while Bradley 's loss
was 30 killed and 76 wounded, himself amongst the
number, who died 10 days after. Leaving 300 men to
guard the castle, they started up the river with 1,400
men in seven ships and 36 boats. The enemy had set
on fire their first entrenchments before quitting them, " as
" they did all the rest without striking a stroke." The
Admiral was there forced to leave his ships and boats,
with 200 men to guard them, and to betake the rest of
his men to the wild woods. They routed the enemy two
XXX PREFACE.
miles from Venta Cruz, a very fine village, where all
goods are landed and embarked for Panama ; but this, as
all the rest, was found to be on fire and the enemy fled.
They began their march next day, the enemy constantly
galling them with ambuscades and small parties, so they
had to march four abreast. At length they reached the
desired place, where they saw " a good parcel of cattle and
horses," which served all their men, and came in sight of
the enemy, with 2,100 foot and 600 horse. Next morning
Admiral Morgan drew up his men " in the form of a
tertia." The vanguard of 300 men was led by Lieut.-Col.
Lawrence Prince, the main body, 600 strong, by Major
John Morris, the right wing by Morgan himself, the left by
Col. Edw. Collier, and the rearguard of 300 was commanded
by Col. Bledry Morgan. One Francesco de Harro charged
with the horse so furiously that he could not be stopped
till he lost his life, upon which the horse wheeled off and
the foot advanced, but met with such a warm welcome and
were pursued so close that the enemies' retreat came to
plain running, though they worked a stratagem seldom
heard of, that is attempting to drive two droves of 1,500
cattle into their rear. In the city they had 200 fresh men,
two forts, all the streets barricaded and great guns in
every street, but instead of fighting commanded it to be
fired and blew up the chief fort, which was done in such
haste that 40 of their^ own soldiers were blown up. In
the market place some resistance was made, but at 3 o'clock
they had quiet possession of the city, although on fire,
with no more loss in the day's work than five killed and 10
wounded, and of the enemy about 400. They endeavoured
in vain to put out the fire, but by 12 at night all was con-
sumed but two churches and 300 houses in the suburbs.
" Thus was consumed the famous and ancient city of
" Panama, which was the greatest mart for silver and gold
PREFACE. xxxi
" in the whole world, for it received all the goods that
" came from Spain in the King's great fleet and delivered
" all the gold and silver that came from the mines of
" Peru and Potozi." Here they stayed 28 days, making
daily incursions on the enemy for 20 leagues without
having one gun fired at them "in anger," though they
took 3,000 prisoners and kept cruising and fetching pri-
soners who had fled to the islands. They marched back
with all their prisoners to Chagres Castle, where the
plunder, amounting to 30,OOOL, was divided, the castle
fired, and the guns spiked, and then began their voyage to
Jamaica, where some are arrived and the rest daily ex-
pected. The reason there was no more wealth was, the
prisoners said, because they had two months' notice and
had laden two great ships of 350 and 700 tons with money,
plate, gold, and jewels (504). At a meeting of the Council
of Jamaica, Admiral Henry Morgan received " many
thanks " from the Council, after hearing a relation of his
voyage for the execution of his commission, and they
approved very well of his action therein (542. i.). But
Morgan's proceedings were severely condemned by the
English Government, and he was sent home prisoner, and
a pamphlet containing a relation of " the late attempt
upon Panama " was by the King's warrant ordered to be
suppressed (1061). Sir Thos. Modyford had told the
Council for Trade that there was much reason for a stand-
ing force of Privateers, or somewhat equivalent, to give
Jamaica seasonable intelligence and to be prompt to resist
the first attempts of an enemy, the island being " circled
with enemy's countries " (p. 303). Governor Lynch com-
puted the Buccaniers to be near 3,000 strong, themselves
say above 4,000, in 1671 (p. 247). The following year
Henry Morgan was sent to England a prisoner on H.M.S.
Welcome by Sir Thos. Lynch (p. 323), Lawrence Prince,
U 51912. c
xxxii PREFACE.
" one of the most famous of the Privateers," being appointed
by Lynch, Lieutenant in one of the King's ships, " so that
" the Spaniards should see they were willing to serve his
" Majesty" (p. 299). To speak the truth of Morgan,
wrote Governor Lynch to the Secretary of State, he's an
honest, brave fellow, and has both Sir Thos. Modyford and
the Council's commission and instructions, which they
thought he obeyed and followed so well that they gave
him public thanks, which is recorded in the Council books
(p. 299). Major Banister also told Secretary Lord Arling-
ton that Admiral Henry Morgan was sent home to appear,
as it is suspected, on account of his proceedings against
the Spaniard. He said he did not know what approbation
he might find in England, but that in Jamaica he received
" a very high and honourable applause for his noble
" service therein," both from Sir Thos. Modyford and the
Council that commissioned him, and Major Banister hoped
he might without offence say, " he is a well deserving
" person and one of great courage and conduct, who may,
" with his Majesty's pleasure, perform good public service at
" home or be advantageous to Jamaica if war should again
" break forth with the Spaniard" (789). The disappear-
ance of the " Admiral " from the scene of his many exploits
was followed by a general break-up of the whole body of
privateers towards the close of the year 1 672, if Governor
Lynch's report to the Council for Plantations is to be relied
upon, where he says planting in Jamaica is heartily and
successfully intended, and to his own wonder, and he hopes
to their Lordships' satisfaction, he has reduced all the
Privateers, so that now there is not one English pirate in
these Indies, unless some few in French vessels (954).
St. Christo- There were at least 10,000 planters and inhabitants of
pher s.
St. Christopher's before the French invasion in 1666, which
reduced them to about one-third, when it was calculated
PREFACE. xxxiii
two-thirds of the land formerly possessed by English
was uninhabited (292). For the more speedy replanting of
which it was the advice of the Council for Plantations to
the King in 1674 that such malefactors as are by law to
be transported may be sent to St. Christopher's (879), and
the Governor entreated the King to send Englishmen out
of prisons for small debts for defence of the island,
" because it cannot defend itself but by English " (p. 291).
St. Christopher's had been taken by the French in April
1666, but by the Treaty of Breda, France engaged that
restitution should be made of the English part. Many
difficulties arose before the actual restitution took place,
to determine which Commissioners were appointed on three
several occasions, in February 1668, March 1670, and
March 1671, and the final " Act of Surrender " to England
was dated T 5 T July 1671 (583-585). The negotiations on
both sides, which were long and complicated, may all
readily be referred to by means of the Index, and the
Report of two Conferences of the Council for Plantations
with Sir Charles Wheler, who was then Governor of
St. Kitts, contains a full account, in 12 pages, of all that
had taken place (977).
The Colony of Surinam, which had surrendered to the Surinam.
Dutch fleet in February 1667, was retaken by Lieut.-Col.
Henry Willoughby and Sir John Harman in the following
October, and became once more an English possession,
but, as we have seen in the. last volume of this Calendar,
it was again given up to the Dutch in 1668, in accordance
with certain Articles of the Treaty of Breda. Disputes
arose respecting the restitution between the Dutch Go-
vernor and the English settlers, and the King appointed
Commissioners for the settlement of these disputes and for
bringing off his Majesty's subjects, their families, and
estates from Surinam (320-325), though' the "perverseness "
xxxiv PREFACK.
of the Dutch Governor forced Major Bannister to leave
above half the English and those who had the best estates
in the Colony (485). Soon afterwards Governor Vorsterre
sent home a dismal account of the state of the Colony
after Major Banister had taken off two ship loads of
English. He says, by death and sickness, the number had
fallen to 200 men only, and there were 50 or 60 sick, and
they have nothing to eat but rotten bacon, peas, and
" gruts " (920). Finally, in October 1674, in consequence
of an Article in the Treaty of Westminster, wherein his
Majesty had taken particular care that his subjects in
Surinam should have liberty to depart whenever he should
send for them, and three years after Major Banister had
left Surinam, the Council for Trade and Plantations re-
ported to the King that three ships should be forthwith
made ready to bring off the 300 English still there, with
1,100 or 1,200 slaves, besides household stuff. These
numbers were made up (by Locke) of 20 persons who had
sugar works and 675 negroes, and of 26 persons who had
provision plantations and 382 negroes, besides several poor
people, who may have 60 or 70 negroes, so that there may
be about 300 Christians, male and female, the total being
1,397 (1249, 1364, 1368, 1375, 1427). Advices received
at Jamaica by Governor Lynch computed the number of
English left in the Colony at very much. less. He wrote
home that there were not above 40 English at Surinam,
the ill climate and illusage having killed the rest ; that
Major Bannister left 100 there, and of all he brought
thence to Jamaica there were but four dead (p. 624). We
find, by an agreement for the sale of two plantations in
Surinam, that 1,600 acres of land sold for 600,000 Ibs. of
muscovado sugar (1380).
The Koyal The Company of Royal Adventurers trading into Africa,
African
Company, having sustained great losses during the late wars, treated
PREFACE, xxxv
with certain persons to enable them to pay their debts and
became suitors to the King, to accept a surrender of their
propriety and privileges, and to make said persons a new
Corporation for carrying on the trade. The King him-
self was an " Adventurer " for 5,OOOZ. (426). His Majesty
therefore on 27th September 1672, granted a Charter of
Incorporation to the " New Royal African Company," who
were to enjoy all privileges in the City of London as fully
as any company of merchants heretofore established by
patent (934). An account of the limits and trade of
the Royal African Company shows that their limits began
at Sallee in South Barbary, near Tangier, and ended at
the Cape of Good Hope, where the East India Company's
limits take place. This " account " contains a particular
relation of their several factories, where they were situated,
and the trade carried on by each. The " slaves " were
sent to all his Majesty's American Plantations, which
could not subsist without them, and other commodities
were brought into England, the gold coined in his
Majesty's Mint, and all other goods always sold publicly at
a candle (936).
In a list of ships freighted by the Royal African Com- Negroes,
pany, with the names of their commanders, the places to
which they were bound, and the number of negroes they
carried, by far the largest number of negroes was sent to
Jamaica, which received seven ships with 2,320 negroes ;
five ships carried 1,720 negroes to Barbadoes ; two ships,
650 negroes to Virginia ; and three ships took 530 negroes
to Nevis (1215). The price of negroes was fixed at 171.,
or 2,400 Ibs. of sugar, in Barbadoes and in Surinam
(341, 1132. ii.), but "found not that good acceptance by
" the planters as was hoped for," although Sir Thomas
Lynch, the Governor of Jamaica, wrote in January 1672,
that three days ago 400 negroes were bought at 221. per
xxxvi PREFACE.
head, and he believed 1,500 would have sold (p. 316).
Therefore in a declaration of the Duke of York, Governor,
and the rest of the Royal African Company, in December
1672. they resolved and declared that they would deliver
negroes from 12 to 40 years old at 151. per head at Barba-
does, at the Leeward Isles at 16 L, at Jamaica at 171., and at
Virginia at 18/. per head (985). Many died on the voyage,
which is not surprising when one reads that Captain Tallers
had them three months on board, that they were almost
all starved and " surfeycatted," as he fed them with little
else but musty corn (946). According to Sir Charles
Wheler, Governor of the Leeward Islands, there were at
the close of the year 1671 some 1,500 negroes in Antigua
and Montserrat, worth near40,OOOL (678). Charles Mody-
ford reported to Secretary Lord Arlington in January 1670,
that there were at that date 2,500 negroes or slaves in
Jamaica (144), while four years later, in 1674, in a paper
presented to the Council for Trade and Plantations, Bar-
badoes is stated to have been " managed " with 5,000
English, who had purchased 70,000 negroes (1244).
Murders, robberies, and other outrages on the King's
subjects were not of unfrequent occurrence by " out-
lying " or runaway negroes, and the murder " in cold
blood " of five Englishmen was the cause of the Council of
Jamaica issuing very stringent orders against these
" rebel" negroes. No person was to travel two miles
from home without being armed, or to give clothes or
victuals, or parley with such traitors and rebels, but on
the contrary, he was strictly enjoined to shoot, and, by all
means possible, endeavour to destroy them, and the wives
and children of those killed were to become the property
of the slayers (179, 181, 844). Orders were also given by
the Council of Jamaica that all masters and overseers,
under a penalty of 51., were to keep their negroes within
PREFACE. xxxvii
their own plantations, and permit none to leave without a
ticket with their numbers and names, and the merchandise
they carry, and " it shall be lawful for any person to take
" up and whip any negroes found out of their master's
" plantations without a ticket, and return them to their
" masters without respect to their distance from home "
(1020). The King, in a Proclamation dated 25th No-
vember 1674, prohibits all his Majesty's subjects, except
those of the Royal African Company, from trading to any
of his plantations for negroes, on pain of his Majesty's
highest displeasure and forfeiture of " said commodities "
(1393). An Act passed in Barbadoes making negroes real
estate 1214). One Nicholas Blake, a planter there, writing
to Williamson in November 1669, says not a month ago
he had a negro woman who was delivered of a child with
five fingers and a thumb on each hand (126). Sir Peter
Colleton recommended that negroes in Barbadoes should
be clothed with dimity of the manufacture of that island,
and that in no trade should any negroes be employed
except as artificers to the masters of sugar works on their
own plantations (357).
When Governor Sayle arrived at Ashley River in 1670 Indians.
he was carried ashore by the Indians, who gave the
stroking compliments of the country, and brought deer
skins to trade with, for which they gladly took knives,
beads, and tobacco. " A pretty sort of bread " made by
the women and hickory nuts were brought. When Sayle
came to the hut palace, the King took the Governor on
his shoulders and carried him into the house in token of
his cheerful entertainment, where they had nuts and root
cakes, and water, " for they use no other liquor." While
there, the King's three daughters entered the palace, all in
new robes of new moss, which they are never beholden to
the tailor to trim up, with plenty of beads of divers colours
xxxviii PREFACE.
about their necks. Governor Sayle could not imagine
that the savages could so well comport themselves, coming
in according to their age, saluting the strangers, and
stroking them (255). Henry Woodward, in giving " a
" faithful relation of his Westoe voyage, begun from the
u head of Ashley river," to the Earl of Shaftesbury in
^
December 1764, describes his reception by a concourse of
some hundreds of Indians, dressed up in their antique
fighting garb, through the midst of whom he was conducted
to their Chieftain's house, which, not being capable to
contain the crowd that came to see him, the smaller fry
uncovered the top of the house to satisfy their curiosity.
The Chiefs made long speeches, intimating their own
strength, and, as Woodvard judged, their desire for friend-
ship with them. Their town consisted of many long
houses, the sides and tops of which are of bark, and upon
the tops of most are fastened long poles with " the locks of
hair" of the Indians they have slain at the end. They are
well provided with arms and ammunition, trading cloth,
and other things from the northward, for which they truck
skins, furs, and young Indian slaves. A young Indian boy
was given to Woodward (1422). In Major-General Wood's
relation of his discoveries across the mountains, " to the
south or west seas," during two years of travel, upon
which Locke has made many marginal notes, he gives
graphic accounts of several tribes of Indians which he
and his party visited, and many strange adventures
are recorded by him in 14 pages of narrative (1347).
All the names of the Indian emperors, kings, princes,
sachems, and chiefs, as well as the different Indian tribes
mentioned in this volume, will be found in the General
Index.
Maps. There are in this volume references to several maps of
the Colonies in America as well as of the West Indies. Sir
PREFACE. xxxix
Peter Colleton writes to " his honoured friend John Locke "
that Mr. Ogilby is printing a relation of the West Indies,
and wishes to get a map of Carolina, and he desires he
will ask Lord Ashley for the maps of Cape Fear and
Albemarle, so as to draw them into one with that of Port
Royal, and he will wait upon his Lordship for the nomina-
tion of the rivers, &c. And Sir Peter adds, if Locke
would draw up a discourse to be added to this map in
the nature of a description, " such as might invite people
" without seeming to come from us," it would very much
conduce to the speedy settlement of Carolina (715). The
Sieur Sanson published two maps of Carolina some years
after Ogilby's map was printed, in which the several
counties and some of the rivers and capes are named after
the Lords Proprietors, viz., Albemarle, Ashley, Berkeley,
Clarendon, Carteret, Craven, and Colleton. John Ogilby
was appointed cosmographer to Charles II., and supplanted
Sir William Davenant as Master of the Revels in Ireland ;
he was also the originator of " Paterson's Roads." His
" Advertisement " at the end of this volume contains some
of his contributions to cosmography -and a list of the
several atlases he was engaged upon. His map of Africa
was published in 1670, America in 1671, and the first
part of Asia in 1673, but his Description of the British
Monarchy, referred to in his " Advertisement," was not
published until 1675, under the title of ! ' Britannia : a
" description of the Kingdom of England and Dominion
" of Wales." All these maps are to be found in the
British Museum. Ogilby died in 1676, and was buried
in St. Bride's Church, Fleet Street.
Augustine Hermann obtained a grant from the King
in 1674 of the privilege of the sole printing of his map
of Virginia and Maryland for 14 years, on the ground
that he had been for several years engaged upon this
U 51912.
x l PREFACE.
map, which consisted of four sheets of paper, and that
it was " a work of very great pains and charge, and
" for the King's special service " (1210). John Seller
held the appointment of hydrographer to the King, and
his chart of the sea coast from the Land's End to the
Cape of Good Hope is to be found with a dedication, in
Latin, to the Eoyal African Company, abstract No. 937.
His " English Pilot," published in 1671, Atlas Maritimus
in 1675, and Atlas Celestis in 1677, are all in the British
Museum.
Many names of places mentioned in this Calendar and
on the old maps above referred to, are no longer to be
found in modern atlases or gazetteers. It will be sufficient
to quote one or two, as others will be noticed in the
General Index, where are cross references to avoid in-
convenience to the reader. Surinam is now merged in
Guiana, while Hispaniola, or San Domingo, is called
Hayti.
It is again my pleasing duty to express my best thanks
to my colleague, J. E. Ernest S. Sharp, Esq., for his
valuable assistance.
W. NOEL SAINSBURY.
9th April 1889.
xli
LIST OF COLONIAL ENTRY BOOKS.
No.
COLONY,
DATE.
No.
COLONY.
DATE.
1
AFRICA
1672 to 1686
25
HUDSON'S BAY
1687
2
ANTIGOA - Acts
1684 1688
26
JAMAICA
1658 Nov. 30
27
1661 to 1674
3
PROVIDENCE ISLAND
1630 1650
28
~
1667 1677
4
1630 1641
29
1674 1681
30
*
1681 1684
5
BARBADOES
1627 1674
31
"
1684 1687
6
1675 1680
32
1686 1688
7
1680 1688
33
Inclosures
1685 1688
8
1688
9
laclosures
1678 1688
34
Minutes of \
Council -/
1661 1672
10
1679 1688
35
1672 1678
11
12
Minutes of"!
Council - J
5>
1660 1686
1687 1688
36
37
"
Minutes ofl
Assembly J
1682 1688
1661 1679
38
,, - Acts
1672
13
Minutes of\
Assembly J
1670 1683
39
-
1674
14
" >
1684 1688
40
1675
15
Acts
1643 1688
41
~
1677
16
1682 1688
42
" >
1678
43
~ n
1681 1683
17
BERMTIDAS-
1615 1686
44
~
1681 1688
18
?> ~
1686 1688
45
LEEWARD ISLES
1670 1671
19
,, Inclosure
1688 July 24
46
>
1675 1681
20
CAROLINA -
1663 1683
47
1681 1688
21
~ ~
1674 1685
48
Minutes of \
Council -J
1680 1688
22
5>
1682 1688
49
- Acts
1668 1672
23
Grants of Land
1674 1688
50
>
1668 1682
24
Acts
1663 1688
51
~ 5>
1680 1688
U 51912.
xiii
LIST OF COLONIAL ENTRY BOOKS continued.
No.
COLONY.
DATE.
No.
COLONY.
DATE.
52
53
54
MARYLAND
Acts
Minutes of"l
Council - j
1632 to 1687
I40 1676
1686 1688
74
75
NEW YORK, Com- "|
missions J
Minutes of )
Council -/
1686
1687 to 1688
55
MONTSERRAT - Acts
1668 1688
76
PENNSYLVANIA
1681 1688
56
1680 1688
77
SURINAM -
1667 1674
57
NEVIS - Acts
1664 1688
78
1668 1677
58
1680 1688
79
VIRGINIA -
1606 1662
80
1675 1681
59
NEW ENGLAND
1620 1639
81
>
1676 1677
60
1661 1679
82
1678
61
1679 1688
83
1681 1685
62
>
1688
84
>
1685 1688
63
64
Inclosures
Minutes of "1
Council - J
1686 1688
1686 1688
85
86
Minutes of"!
Council -j
Minutes of \
Assembly/
1680 1688
1683 1688
87
- Acts
1661 1684
65
NEWFOUNDLAND -
1623 1671
88
1661 1688
66
j>
1677
89
"
1661 1688
90
> ~
1661 1688
67
NEW HAMPSHIRE -
1679 1686
91
> *
1661 1688
68
NEW YORK
1664 1687
92
PLANTATIONS "1
GENERAL j
1661 1672
69
1687 1688
93
1663 1684
70
>
1674 1684
94
>
1670 1674
71
Grants of Land
1665 1688
95
5) >
1674 1679
72
- Acts
1667
96
> > ~
1675 1677
73
Patents
1686
97
1675 1687
xliii
LIST OF COLONIAL ENTRY BOOKS continued.
No.
COLONY.
DATE.
No.
COLON v.
DATE.
98
PLANTATIONS "1
GENERAL J
1677, May
104
JOURNALS OP THE
BOARD OF TRADE.
1675 to 1677
99
1679 to 1684
105
1677 1679
100
1687 1688
106
n 5>
1679 1682
107
)> j>
1682 1684
101
LISTS OF ACTS
1638 1688
108
51 ~
1684 1686
102
1668 1688
109
1686 1688
103
1687 1688
COLONIAL PAPERS.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
1669.
7. 1. Memorial of the Spanish Ambassador to King Charles II. Re-
dan* ^- p resen t s that the answer of Sec. Lord Arlington and Sec. Trevor to
London, his paper of 8th August concerning hostilities committed by his
Majesty's subjects of Jamaica is so different from what has been
promised, that he is obliged to demand what was agreed upon in
writing, and cannot determine upon the expedients offered till he
receives orders from his Queen. But the truth of the account he
gave his Majesty on the 12th December last of a new incursion of
his Majesty's subjects of Jamaica upon Puerto Bello, pillaging and
committing outrages scarce heard of, being now confirmed by the
George and Samuel from Jamaica, by whose bills of lading it
appears that besides what George Potts and other merchants re-
ceived of plate, the share of every soldier was 600 (oz.) or SQL at half
a crown an ounce, whence it may be guessed what quantity the
officers, Governor, and their confidants had; the Ambassador
desires that his Queen may have full satisfaction, and the Governor
of Jamaica the punishment due for an incursion so unjust and
contrary to the faith of the new Treaty of the general peace. And
as other vessels are arrived with part of the booty, and the number
of ships designed for Jamaica is increased, he desires that just
restitution be made, and convenient orders given for the future.
Annexed,
1. I. "The Spanish Ambassador's paper" [above referred to as
delivered on 12th December last]. Being an account of what
happened at the taking of Puerto Bello by the English of
Jamaica under the command of John Doglar, which account
he sent to Havre de Grace : On 10-20 June 1668 we landed
at Puerto Velo with 422 men in 28 canoes, leaving our ships 37
leagues off the west coast. On llth we advanced to the walls
of Fort St. James, where were 30 pieces of artillery. After
three or four hours hard fighting we assaulted the fort and
made ourselves masters of the garrison, all of which refusing
quarter were either killed, wounded, or cut to pieces. The
next day we attacked Fort St. Philip, on the other side of the
coast, where were 12 pieces of artillery, and after fighting
three or four hours it surrendered. After remaining some
U 5191.2. Wt. 8023. i A
2 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
days in said fort sickness broke out among our troops, of
which we lost half by sickness and fighting, so that we were
obliged to abandon these places and received 100,000 crowns
from the Spaniards for retiring. Had we had 800 men we
might have gone to Panama, about 18 leagues to the south of
Puerto Velo, and have easily made ourselves masters of it, as
also of the Kingdom of Peru. The chiefs of the Expedition
were Henry Morgan, Commander-in-Chief, John Doglar,
Julian John Salter, Enoch Clarke, Capt. Rudolph Court,
Colliar, John James, Maurice. French. Together 3 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., Nos. 1-2.]
1669 ? 2. Mem. " Your Honor" [? Under Sec. Williamson] is desired to
request of the King a supply of fire arms and ammunition for the
Somers Islands, also a convoy for the Comp. magazine ship, John
Jenkins, Commander. Governor Sir John Hey don arrived at the
Bermudas on 1 6th May 1669, in the magazine ship, Capt. John
Jenkins. Lefroy, II. 286. \ p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 3.]
1669. 3. The King to the Governor of Barbadoes. To seize the
Jan. 13. Mathew and Francis of 300 tons, Rich. Bread, Master, and the
Sarah and Mary of 270 tons, Edw. Burton, junr., Master, laden in
the Texel, upon the account of several Jews and others at Amster-
dam, immediately they arrive in any port under his Government,
and to proceed with rigour against them according to the late Acts
of Navigation. Draft by Williamson. See No. 48. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 4.]
T 1& 4. Memorial of M. Colbert, French Ambassador in England.
n * 23? The Directors of the West India Company, having seen the answer
London, given by Sec. Lord Arlington to the French Ambassador, concerning
the restitution of part of St. Christopher's to the English, represents
that orders should be given to the Commissioners to enquire what is
due for the maintenance of the English prisoners, and cause reim-
bursement to be made. If the King desires that the English should
have a year for re-entering their habitations sold to the French the
Company submit that a year and a half has already elapsed, and
three months would suffice. The nomination of Commissioners for
the execution of the treaty is absolutely necessary, and will be very
advantageous to both sides, if they have full powers to act in good
faith. With regard to Acadia the Directors complain of the refusal
of Sir Thos. Temple to surrender Pentagouet, St. John's, Port Royal,
Cape Sable, and La Have, which he says compose Nova Scotia,
before St. Christopher's is surrendered to them, although expressly
ordered by his Britannic Majesty to do so ; the West India Company
request that fresh orders be sent to him punctually to obey the
first order, copy of which is annexed. Endorsed by Williamson,
Rec. -|-f-. Encloses,
4. I. The King of France to M. De la Barre. Wrote to him on
the 17th July, 31st Oct., and llth Dec. last concerning St.
Christopher's ; but since then the Sieur Colbert has adjusted
the whole matter with the Ministers of the King of England,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. S
1669.
and the King desires, whether he has received said letters or
not, that he will execute precisely all that he finds in this
despatch, which contains his final intentions. As soon
therefore as this shall be presented to him he is to put those
empowered by the King of Great Britain into possession of
that part of the Island, as also of the forts, which the
English possessed on Jan. 1, 1665, and re-establish those
English in their goods and habitations which have not been
sold to the French ; but such as have been sold are not to
be re established until the price paid has been reimbursed,
and if such reimbursement shall not have been made. within
a year, no demand shall be made for same. The points of
ameliorations and maintenance of prisoners to be accommo-
dated by Commissioners to be named on either side; and the
King of Great Britain has declared that the French who
remain in the surrendered part of the Island shall receive
equal justice with the English, provided they take the Oath
of Allegiance. Said restitution to be made without delay or
difficulty en pain of disobedience and rebellion. M. De la
Barre is to make known his Majesty's pleasure to the
Chevalier de St. Lawrence; and if De la Barre should
have set out on his return home when this arrives; the
Sieur de Baas, who will have succeeded, is to execute all con-
tained herein. Endorsed by Williamson, French King's
4th Order for restitution of St. Christopher's. French.
Together 6 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., Nos. 5, 5 I.]
T 13. 5. Copies of the preceding memorial of M. Colbert and Louis
23~ XIV.'s letter to Mons. De la Barre inclosed. Together 5 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXIV., Nos. 6, 6 I.]
Jan. 14. 6. Farmers of the Customs to the Clerk of the Privy Council.
Custom House, Understanding that the Commissioners for Trade have given direc-
on- tions for letters to be sent to the Governors of the Plantations blam-
ing them for their neglect, and enjoining a strict observance of the
laws concerning ships from foreign ships trading there, pray that
(if not perfected) a draft thereof may be sent to the farmers, which
shall without delay be returned. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV.,
No. 7.]
Jan. 14. 7. John Style to Sec. Sir Wm. Morrice. Refers to his letter of
Jamaica. 27 Oct. by Capt. Barnard Nicholls, wherein he presented his own
sad and unjustly abused condition, and that his appeal to his
Majesty and Council would not be allowed, and begged for com-
mands to the Governor here for himself to return, either to be
punished or acquitted. Has since been brought to his trial, of
which he sends an account. Description of the island ; affirms it
will maintain more people than England if it be as large as re-
ported, viz., 7,000,000 acres, not an acre of which but yields some
food for man or beast the great increase of all things according
to their kind. Lays down, according to his ability, such things as
hitherto have hindered any great progress in this settlement, and
A 2
4 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
which for ever will unless remedied. Begins from his own time in
July 1665. For the first two years things went well forward, as
appears by the number of patents taken out ; then the old soldiers,
who call themselves the conquerors of the land, took advantage of
the Dutch wars to work upon pretending danger to destroy their
neighbours and keep up their own boundless tyrannical power
under pretence of carefulness. Martial law was set up, and courts
martial called at pleasure, and plarters obliged to come down 20
and 30 miles to keep guard, and not one Christian must be left at
home. This was the first destruction of small settlements, and the
hindrance of greater, and many were forced to sell their plantations
to their lords and masters for what they could get, or else run from
them and leave all. Had himself the boldness to inform the
Governor of these great inconveniences, who said they should be
remedied. Complains of the jurisdiction in the quarter sessions
and courts of common pleas, which if continued, will prove the
utter destruction of his Majesty's interest in this island were the
judges and justices men of discretion and knowledge, and not
beasts, drowning the reason God hath given them with strong
liquors. The first and chief is Lt.-Col. Cope, who knows not one
letter in the book, yet of late hath learnt to write his name ; he
was long imprisoned in Dublin and elsewhere to save him from
the gallows his crime deserved. Then Capt. Olefield, a man con-
demned to be hanged in England, but who got sent hither to labour
as a servant. Maj. Ascough, judge of the Court of Common Pleas,
Capt. Aileman, and Capt. Lahor, whose further description may be
found in Job xxx., all trained up from boys in rebellion and
murder. Capt.. Nelson, justice of the peace, is a stout man, one of
the old soldiers and of good estate, but not being of their turn, is in
all business left out. Abuses in the election of churchwardens ; the
vestry raise what money they please and how they please, but the
enquiry what becomes of it is not to be made ; " that is my crime,
and I think that for it they have made me an example sufficient to
deter all others." More than 500. raised in the parish of St. John's
under various pretences, of which he is certain the poor never had
five pounds. The church not yet finished. Complains of sum-
moning jurymen to the quarter sessions 16 and 20 miles off when
there is nothing to do. States what he conceives ought to be done
in order to the making the best advantage of this place and the
peace and quiet of the planter, as to planting, feeding and breeding
of horses, cattle, and sheep. Instances himself and two neighbours,
about a mile and half a mile distant, who having fenced and
secured what they had planted in two years, from a small begin-
ning, got to such a great number that had such laws as he describes
have been made they would have been able to have killed nearly a
thousand fat hogs, if not more. Argues against the planting al-
together with Indian commodities, which here are destructive. If
this island were able to maintain itself with diet and other neces-
saries what would become of the New England trade. The trade
now consists principally in plate, money, jewels, and other things
brought in by the privateers, who sell them cheap to the merchant,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 5
1669.
and then are sent to New England and the Madeiras and returned
chiefly in wine, brandy, and victuals. That a proportion of
Christian indented servants or hired freemen should be allotted
against such a number of negroes to secure the island from danger ;
proposes that every one that has six negroes should keep one Christian
servant and one hired freeman and so on, and be compelled to allow
them food, clothing, and lodging ; also other regulations in reference
thereto. The contrary to what he writes is justly a great hind-
rance to the settlement of this island. Examination of their present
strength. In St. John's, about 150 men; in St. Katherine's, where
is St. Jago de la Vega, about 250 foot and 60 horse ; Port Royal,
about 200; Lygonee, about 400; Clarendon, 160; Port Morant
and Yellowes, 250 ; on the north side, 140, but they are mostly
people run thither for shelter from creditors or masters ; in all
1,580, besides some merchants and few others not appearing on
duty. Dares say there are not 300 Christians upon the whole
island who would not be glad to be gone upon easy terms. The
dangers of settlements being so far distant one from the other, and
the difficulty of guarding against such. In Col. D'Oyley's time the
enemy landed and were beaten off, but it is not now as then, for
there was a considerable army of young lusty men under command
and pay, but now almost all are gone, or dead, or out for privateers.
About 800 privateers out on that employment. Questions, if there
be need of their help, whether they would afford any, when they
have none or so little interest upon land that they value it not ;
gold and gain is the only god they worship ; they can drive the
same trade with far more profit and advantage under French com-
missions, paying neither tenths, fifteenths, nor waiting for Admiralty
Courts ; they are the only able and serviceable men in this island.
A second number, if shipping be saved, cannot be raised here or
sent forth from hence ; H. M. ships Oxford and Lilly the chief
defence of this place at present from foreign power. The settlement
of Jamaica will never b'e in a better condition without a speedy
supply from England of Christian planters, not merchants, as well
as servants, and bringing up negro children in the Christian
religion. 10 closely written pages. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV.,
No. 8.]
Jan. 14. 8. John Style to [Sec. Sir Wm. Morrice]. Since he wrote has
[Jamaica.] happened the blowing up of the Oxford frigate and men. Refers to
his past letters, but has little reason to expect to see any fruits of
his labours, for before he was imprisoned he had notice he was
waylaid to be murdered going to take ship, so his return for
England might be hindered. Their malice is not now less than
before, but does not accuse the Governor, or think it is with his good
liking ; is persuaded as things stand he cannot help it because on
Friday last he gave Style liberty to go home on giving good security
not to go off the island, so is now going forward with English hus-
bandry, and hopes by Christmas corn, hemp and flax. Must return
to prison upon notice left at his house. 1 p. [Col. Papers.
Vol. XXIV., No. 9.]
6
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
Jan. 18.
Jan. 18.
Jan, 21.
Whitehall.
Jan. 21.
Whitehall.
Jan. 22.
Jan. 29.
Jan.?
Whitehall.
9. Peter Du Moulin to Sir Edwd. Walker. In reference to his
desire for an explanation of the third proposal in the address of the
Council of Trade to his Majesty, touching the Plantations, is com-
manded to let him know that said Council took that proposal
from the Act of Navigation, 12 Car. 2, wherein it is provided that
no goods be brought from his Majesty's Plantations, but in ships
that belong to, and whereof the master and three-fourths of the
mariners are English, on penalty of forfeiture of ship and goods, and
that all ships of war or ships having commission from his Majesty
be required to seize them, which Act is further explained by the
Acts of 14 and 15 Car. 2, and they intend that his Majesty's ships
of war should have instructions, and any other ships desiring a
commission might, on giving security, be commissioned accordingly.
H PP- [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 10.]
10. Mem. by J[oseph] W[illiamson] of a despatch delivered to
Mr. Champante to be sent by the William and John, Samuel Weaver,
Master, for Barbadoes, the 18th Jan. 1668-9. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXIV., No. 11.]
11. Petition of Margaret Griffith, prisoner in Newgate, convicted
of felony, and desiring to be transported to Virginia, referred to the
Lord Chief Justice or Mr. Recorder, who sat on her trial, to consider
and report to his Majesty. Minute. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II.,
Vol. 33, p. 4.]
12. Petition of John Ludlowe, convicted of felony to the value of
14s. Qd, and desiring to be transported to some of his Majesty's
Plantations, referred to the Lord Chief Justice or Mr. Recorder, who
sat on his trial, to consider and report to his Majesty. [Dom. Entry
Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 33, p. 4]
13. Henry Wasey's acknowledgement of the receipt of a letter
from Richard Elkin " by his hand directed to Lord Willobey in
Barbadoes." Endorsed, " Against Jewes and Dutch Traders." [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 12.]
14. Warrant to the Sheriffs of London to discharge Margaret
Gryffyth, convicted of felony at the Old Bailey the 14th Oct. last,
on her giving security for her transportation into Virginia, to live
with her brother there, f p. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 30,
pp. 99, 100.] Another warrant to tJw same effect is dated 3 March,
ibid., p. 115.
15. The King to Wm. Lord Willoughby and Council at Barba-
does. To cause the demands of the owners of the Pearl to be fairly
examined and payment made for the expences, freight and damages
of same in accordance with the Order of Council of 18th Nov-. last,
taking care to settle the account as low as may be within the sum
already certified, and registering the orders of payment in a register
to be kept for debts of this kind. Draft with corrections by
Williamson. See No. 20. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV.,
No. 13.J
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
1660.
Jan. ?
Feb. 3.
Whitehall.
Feb. 3.
Feb. 6.
Feb. 10.
Feb. 18.
Port Royal,
Jamaica.
Feb. 19.
Feb. 26.
Whitehall.
16. Copy of preceding, with corrections by Williamson. 2 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 14.]
17. Sir John Trevor to Sir Edward Walker. To deliver to Peter
du Moulin the papers in his custody relating to Surinam. p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 15.]
18. Keceipt of Peter Du Moulin for 4 papers concerning Surinam
from Sir Edward Walker, viz. : 1. Abstract of the narrative sent
by Major Bannister, Governor of Surinam. Aug. 2, 1668. 2. Letter
from Lord Willoughby of llth Aug. 1668. 3. Copy of Lord
Willoughby's letter to Admiral Crynsens. 4. Letter of Lord Wil-
loughby to the Lords of the Council, received 27th Oct. 1668. ^ p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 16.]
19. Mem. in the handwriting of Under Sec. Williamson con-
cerning the restitution of St. Christopher's. Lord Willoughby
never agreed nor treated with De La Barre for an equivalent. N.B.
We do and must insist on reparation of damages for non-execution
on the French part. Plantations : by what we have yielded of
repaying first, no man will be restored, none being able to pay.
French delays were upon the points of reimbursement, ameliorations
and the entertainment of prisoners. Indorsed: Feb. 6, 1668-9.
i p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV. } No. 17.]
20. The King to Lord Willoughby, or other Commander-in-Chief
for the time being, and to the Council of Barbadoes. Fair copy of
draft letter dated January See ante, No. 15. 1^ pp. [Dom. Entry
Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 31, p. 17-
21. Richard Browne to Williamson. Gave him account about a
month since of the unhappy blowing up of the Oxford Frigate and the
taking of M. La Vivon, of the Cour Volant, of 18 guns and 10 petar-
ders, which was condemned as a Pirate; she is now called the
Satisfaction, and victualled for four months, to go as a Privateer
against the Spaniards in the Bay of Campeachy ; goes surgeon in her.
Here is one, John Johnson Romane, of the West Friesland of Home,
ready to sail for Holland ; her consort was taken six weeks since by
a French privateer, and made a man-of-war of 12 guns, which now
lies cruizing about the port for this vessel, but as she is going in our
company, presumes they dare not meddle with her. Here are 10
sail of ships lading for England, the products of this country.
Indorsed: Rec. 4 May. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 18.]
22. Warrant to the Sheriffs of London to discharge John Ludlow,
convicted of felony, on giving security to transport himself to some of
His Majesty's Colonies or Foreign Plantations, f p. [Dom. Entry
Bk., Chas. IL, Vol. 30, p.
23. Order in Council. Notwithstanding some reasons and pre-
tensions alleged by Sir Thomas Temple why Alexandria and
Caledonia, Members of Nova Scotia, should not be surrendered to
the French King as part of Acadia, it is ordered that Sec. Lord
Arlington forthwith prepare a second order to Sir Thomas for the
8 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
present delivery of Acadia to the French King according to the
Treaty of Breda in the very same terms as the former order. p.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 19.]
Mar. 2. 24. Sir Thomas Temple to Sec. Lord Arlington. His last two
letters were sent by Captains John Fayreweather and John Long,
with a map of Nova Scotia, the best he could get. His vessels
are now returned 'from Port Royal, which is in the same posture as
before the Monsieurs arrival, as are all the rest under his command,
though these motions have put him to excessive charge. Was about
to return to England when intelligence came from Nevis that St.
Christopher's was speedily to be delivered to His Majesty ; whereupon,
considering that His Majesty sent him word in his last letter of 1
Aug. 1668 that M. Colbert was then to come to England with new
overtures concerning Nova Scotia, he thought it his duty to remain
till His Majesty's further pleasure were known. Has fully informed
his Lordship of his sad condition, unless His Majesty, in case Nova
Scotia be surrendered to the French, should make provision with
the French Ambassador to reimburse Temple what he paid M. De
La Tour for the purchase of his lands in Nova Scotia and Acadia,
extending about 1,000 miles along the sea coast. Beseeches him to
be a means to His Majesty that he may be heard in his defence as
to anything Mr. Elliott hath to object against Temple. The country
never yielded above 900?. per annum in furs and elk skins, and
Elliott receives 600?. Has had to pay merchants 180?. yearly to
remit it. Has already paid 2,600?. to Elliott in London and 700?.
more to merchants here for returning it to Elliott there in old
English money. Thos. Breedon, who Temple employed in England
to make his addresses to His Majesty, on his return from Breda
worked so craftily with Elliott and the Lord Chancellor that this
part of the country, which is propriety and Temple's purchase
confirmed under the Great Scale of England, was given to Elliott,
" under the pretence that I was a delinquent and a great Crorn-
wellist; though I made it appear to his Majesty at my arrival into
England, by old Mr. George Kirke, then Master of Whitehall, that
the true reason of coming into these parts was to fly Cromwell's
fury, for having laid a design for his late Majesty's escape when he
was at his trial ; which Mr. Kirke, if he be alive, will inform your
Lordship I had very near effected, having made a brother of mine,
Col. Edmund Temple, captain of the guard for one night of his
Majesty's person ; it coming to Cromwell's ears I was privately advised
by the then Lord Fiens (in great favour with Cromwell) to absent
myself till the times might be more propitious, he being my kinsman ;
and my old Lord Say, my very good friend, and my uncle advised and
assisted me in making this purchase, which, as I have declared, was
thus injuriously and unjustly given to Mr. Thos. Elliott, who gave
the government to Captain Breedon, he indenting to pay fine 600?.
yearly. So soon as I was informed of the treachery I repaired into
England, and finding Mr. Kirke alive he very nobly informed his
Majesty of the truth, who very graciously gave me the government
again ; but finding the Chancellor then so great in favour, and Mr.
AMEEICA AND WEST INDIES. 9
1669.
Elliott, their power being too great for me to struggle with, I con-
sented to give Mr. Elliott the 600?. Breedon promised him, and
performed it until the war, and then also he pressing for his rent as
he termed it, I sent him a ship with 40,000 Ibs. weight of sugar and
500?. bills, which was unfortunately taken in sight of Barbadoes by
a Zealander, which great loss I was never able to repair, the ship
being wholly my own, and indeed all I ever had in my life."
Beseeches pardon for acquainting him with his sad miserable con-
dition. Has never had above 120?. a year to live upon since his
last coming over, more than seven years ago ; but has supported our
pigmy war with the French, and preserved the King's country at
his own proper charge, which has cast him into a debt of 5,000?., for
which he has mortgaged his very house and goods. Has never
received the least comfort or assistance from the Lord Chancellor or
Mr. Elliott, and has not dared to write to his Majesty, in which he
now finds he committed a great mistake. His only hope is in Lord
Arlington's noble disposition and favour ; being altogether friendless,
and receiving intelligence that Elliott intends to take away both
his government and propriety, and now being near 60 years of age,
infirm and broken with grief and cares, and much in debt, his
intentions are to make all speed to London so soon as he receives
his Majesty's pleasure concerning this country. Is sensible that
this is a most impertinent letter, yet hopes God may inspire his
Lordship's heart to do a charitable deed to a friendless person in dis-
tress, (" a rare thing I confess at Court/') for bis Lordship spoke so
obligingly when Temple took leave of the King at Hampton Court,
that the very thought thereof has kept his heart up ever since.
4 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 20.]
March 2. 25. Sir Thos. Temple 1 to Sec. Lord Arlington. Excuses for
Boston, his having insensibly fallen into presumption and impertinent
tediousness in the above (inclosed) letter, and begs his Lordship's
favour to hinder Elliott from doing Temple any injury before he
has time given to answer for himself. . Hopes Lord Anglesea will
join in his behalf to the King, and that his Majesty will be
informed that Temple was never in any capacity to open the rich
copper mine whereof he left a piece in his Majesty's hands, for
Elliott promised to send miners, but they never came. His inten-
tions are for London as soon as he receives his Majesty's pleasure
concerning Nova Scotia, but if the King part not with it to
the French King, Temple will at his coming reveal a way to
improve this country so as in a few years to bring in a greater
revenue to the Crown than he dares to write, for fear his Lord-
ship should think it a romance, or some end of his own ; but
will not desire one penny benefit to himself. Annexed,
25. I. A breviate of the purchase by Sir Thos. Temple, Governor
of Nova Scotia, for his Majesty, with M. de la Tour, of all
his lands in Nova Scotia and part of Acadia, all duly passed
under the Great Seal, with rent paid to Elliott, &c., all
lands from Marliquesta on the East to La Have, Port de
La Tour, Port Koyal Mines, Seganecto, St, John's, and
10 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
Pentagoet bordering on New England on the West ; for which
was paid, to Maj. Gibbons and family, 3,350?. ; to Maj. Leverett,
1,800?. ; to M. De La Tour, about 1,200?. ; for seven years
rent, &c. to Mr. Elliott, 5,460?. ; for building at Port Rosi-
gnol, Port La Tour, Port Royal and St. John's, about 1,1 50?. ;
owing by the French at Port Royal, about 700?. ; and by the
Indians, 2,600?. ; total, 16,260?.; of which there is still due to
noblemen, gentlemen, and merchants in Old and New England
to the value of 7,000?. Together 3 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXIV., Nos. 21, 21 i.]
March 2. 26. Petition of Sir Gilbert Talbot, Knt., [to the King]. For the
Whitehall, estate of John Colleton, planter in Barbadoes, forfeited to his
Majesty by killing one Yeamans, a planter there. With reference
to the Commissioners of the Treasury to give order for passing it to
him in such manner as they shall find necessary. p. [Dom.
Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 33, p. 11.]
March 3. 27. Petition of Major Wm. Nedham, Joseph Archer, and 19
others to the King. The Petitioners being commissioned to go
against the Indians on the coast of Guiana, his Majesty's enemies,
did long after the peace with the Dutch put into Surinam, where
being unjustly seized by Admiral Crynsens, they were sent in irons
into Zealand, and used with extraordinary cruelty, where they
have been many months waiting to represent their condition, being
not able to subsist for want. Pray his Majesty to order some
compensation for their subsistence, till there may be satisfaction had
for their sufferings. Endorsed, Rec. 3rd March. Read 5th March
1668-9. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 22.]
M 4. 28.- Declaration of Peter Van Buytene, Notary Public of
T4. Amsterdam, in the presence of Gerrit Slechtenhorst, Adrian Ger-
Amsterdam. ritson, Peter Jacobson, William Abrahamson, and Claes Ripse;
also on behalf of Oloff Stevenson, Dirck Van Oleeff, Immetge
Volckerson, Marritge Van Doesburch, and the wife of Maes Cornelis-
son, all in this country, subjects of his Majesty of Great Britain
dwelling at New York and Albany, impowering Jaques Cousseau, a
subject of his Majesty at New York, to entreat his Majesty, the
Duke of York, and where else is requisite to obtain freedom for
them, their families, and companions to sail to New York by a
certain vessel made in New England, lying at Amsterdam, and
belonging to New York, they being not able to depart to their
respective habitations in the ship that sailed hence to New York
last winter. Endorsed, "Received 2nd April 1669. Read in
Council, April 14th 1669." Certified translation from the original
Dutch. 2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 23.]
[1669.] 29. Petition of James Cousseau and Frederick Phillips, in
behalf of themselves and other free denizens of New York and
Albany, to the King in Council. On the 23rd June 1668,
Petitioners, owners and masters of the ship Fort Albany, built at
Barnstable, New England, and belonging to New York, obtained a
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
11
1669.
March 5.
March 6.
Whitehall.
March 8.
pass from the Governor of New York for said ship to make her
voyage out of Europe to New York ; and they also obtained a
pass from the Duke of York, dated 24th Oct. last. But by .reason
of a later order of the 18th Nov. which puts a restriction on
Dutch ships trading to that Plantation, several families, denizens
of New York and Albany, now in Amsterdam, where said ship is
ready to receive its lading, are unwilling to ship themselves and
goods unless Petitioners may enjoy the privilege of said pass.
Wherefore, as Petitioners and said families are in danger of being
ruined unless they can transpot themselves and goods in said ship
to New York, and forasmuch as the Duke of York has been
authorised to grant a pass for the King Charles, a Dutch ship, not-
withstanding the said order of restriction of 18th Nov., Petitioners
(" being the first proprietors of any ship which as yet hath belonged
to the said port of New York ") pray that said ship may be permitted
to proceed on her voyage, or that said order of restriction may not
extend to hinder said ship from trading to New York as an English
built ship. Endorsed, " The Petition of James Cousseau and
Frederick Phillipps and others, 1669." 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXIV., No. 24.]
30. Petition of William Griffith, on behalf of John Style of
Jamaica, to the King and Council. Refers to a previous petition
of John Style of 26th Feb. last, setting forth the grievances
and sufferings of himself and other planters in Jamaica, from which
the Governor gave them no redress, so Petitioners appealed to his
Majesty, and in order to the prosecution of the same, licence was
taken out for John Style's departure thence in the next ship home-
ward bound, but he was apprehended by warrant from the Governor,
kept close prisoner, and bail refused. Forasmuch as his Majesty
has thought fit to refer the examination of said petition to the
Lords Commissioners of Foreign Plantations, prays for order to
said Governor of Jamaica to permit said John Style to go aboard
the next ship from thence homeward bound. Endorsed, Rec. and
read March 5-6. \ p. [Col Papers, Vol., XXIV., No. 25.]
31. Petition of William Earl of Kinnoul to the King. Desiring to
be restored to his estate in St. Christopher's, or have a considera-
tion for his interest therein. With reference to Committee for
Plantations to report to the end his Majesty may give Petitioner
just satisfaction. \ p. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 33, p. 12.]
32. The King to Sir Thomas Temple, Governor of Nova Scotia.
Whereas by letter of 31 December 1667 his Majesty signified his
pleasure for the immediate restoration of the country of Acadia
to the French King, and by letter of 1 August directed him to
forbear the delivery thereof until further order ; his Majesty's final
pleasure is, that according to his said letter of 31 December, he
immediately give order for restoring, without any delay or difficulty,
the said country of Acadia to the said King or such as he shall
thereto appoint under the Great Seal of France. Draft, with cor-
rections in Williamson's hand. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV.
No. 26.]
12 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
March 22. 33. Commission to Sir John Yeamans, Col. Philip Bell, Col.
Whitehall. Samuel Barwicke, Col. Win. Sharpe, and Capt. Philip Payne, or
any one or more of them, to demand and receive that part of St.
Christopher's which his Majesty's subjects possessed on January 1,
1665, in pursuance of the Treaty of Breda and of orders from the
Most Christian King and the West India Company. All previous
commissions, particularly one dated 13 February 1668 to Wm. Lord
Willoughby, Col. Morice, Col. Hooper, and Lieut.-Col. Lambert to
be revoked. 3 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 27.]
March 22. 34. Draft of preceding, with corrections by Williamson. 2 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 28.]
March ? 35. Draft in Williamson's hand of part of the above commission,
i p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 29.]
March 22. 36. Commission appointing the above-named Commissioners
Whitehall, finally to determine and adjust all differences and disputes that
may arise concerning the putting in execution the orders for the
restitution of that part of St. Christopher's which the English
possessed before the declaration of the late war. 3 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 30.]
[March ?] 37. Draft of preceding, mostly in Williamson's hand, with cor-
rections. Indorsed by him, Powers to adjust differences. 2 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 31.]
March 22. 38. Mem. of a Warrant to the Lord Keeper to seal two Instruments
for receiving St. Christopher's and composing the differences that
may may arise thereupon. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 30,
p. 121 <f.]
March ? 39. Instructions to Sir John Yeamans and the other Commis-
sioners above named for the amicable composure of differences that
may arise between his Majesty and the French King about the
restitution of St. Christopher's. To give the Sieur De la Barre
notice of their Commission, and adjust with him the time and place
of meeting with the French Commissioners. The great difficulty
which his Majesty can yet foresee will occur in that which concerns
the re-entry of the English into such of their estates as have been
actually sold to the French, for. which provision is made in the 8th
article of the treaty, and which is therefore to be the rule to
determine those differences. As to all moveables, the words of
the article are express that they shall not be restored till the price
paid for them be first refunded by the English. As to immoveables,
as lands, houses, plantations, &c., his' Majesty, having seriously
considered the matter, finds upon the whole that he could not
evince that the word Bona in the treaty did not also signify im-
moveables, his Majesty has therefore concluded to make the case of
lands, houses, &c. the same with moveable goods, and the English
must agree to repay what they have actually received for their
estates before same are restored to them. If within one year and a
day from the time that the French Bang's orders of the -j^- January
\
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 1
1669.
last are presented to the French Commander-in-Chief, the English
shall not refund the price paid for said goods and estates the same
shall for ever remain to the French that bought them. 4 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 32.]
[March 24.] 40. Petition of several officers of Sir Tobias Bridge's regiment to
the King. Whereas they have already presented a petition to his
Majesty representing the miseries they have indured since their
going to the West Indies, and the miserable condition they are in at
present, upon which his Majesty ordered a committee to consider
how said regiment might be paid. Petitioners, being pressed daily
to it by their fellow sufferers, beg his Majesty "to order some
speedy course for the payment of them their arrears, as also for the
future, and not to suffer so many of your subjects and their
relations to perish for want of their pay." " Received March 24.
Read at Committee the 27, 1669." 1 p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV.,
No. 33.]
March 24. 41. Memorial of " the persons concerned in Carolina " to the
King. Surinam being more proper for the production of sugar
than any of his Majesty's Plantations, the Dutch are in great hopes
to beat the English out of that -trade, but the Dutch are no planters,
and should the English and their slaves be removed Surinam must
sink. These planters are willing to quit Surinam, and in regard
many of them are desirous to* remove to Port Royal, in Carolina,
Memorialists offer that if his Majesty will send a ship of war to
demand these people and protect their ships, they will, at their own
charge, send two ships to transport those willing to Port Royal,
with victuals and necessaries, or if his Majesty will add a fly-boat
or other vessel they will fit her with masts for his Majesty's use.
Endorsed, Received 24 March 1668-9. Read the same day: sus-
pended till we hear from Holland. \ p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV.,
No. 34.]
[April 5.] 42. Memorial to the Duke of York. 1. That he move his
Majesty to allow 2,000?. yearly for the security of those his domi-
nions [in New York] by garrisons. 2. That he obtain permission
that his Majesty's subjects in Scotland, who shall be induced to
take conditions as planters, may not only transport themselves but
be allowed to make voyages thither and thence, or remain on
account of the fishing trade or transporting commodities of the growth
and manufacture of his Majesty's territories to Barbadoes and other
Plantations. Endorsed: "Read in Council, April 5, 1669. Scotch
ships to trade to New York." I p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV. No. 35.]
April 5. 43. Order in Council. On the proposal of the Duke of York
ordered that H.R.H. be authorised to grant passes for two- Scotch
ships, one of 500 tons and the other of 250, to pass from Scotland to
New York with such as shall desire to plant there, and to trade
between said places, or remain at New York on account of the
fishing trade or for transporting the growth and manufacture of
that place to any his Majesty's Plantations. Provided that said
ships do not carry said commodities to any foreign territory,
4 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
Endorsed : " Read in Council, 16th April 1669. Read in Council,
23rd April 1669." 1 pp. Printed in New York Documents, III.,
180. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 36.]
[April 6.] 44. Petition of Nathaniel Kingsland, on behalf of himself and
William Sandford of Barbadoes, to the King and Council. Having
suffered great outrages at Surinam by command or permission of
Lieut-General Henry Willoughby, and finding no remedy from Lord
Willoughby, Petitioners addressed his Majesty ; whereupon this
Board on 8 July last signified to Lord Willoughby that these matters
should be redressed, or " that Petitioners have the law open." But
on said letter being delivered to Lord Willoughby he put Kings-
land out of commission, and resolved to bring him to England
and ruin him. Prays that his Majesty will appoint a day for hearing
that if Petitioner appears to have right they may be relieved.
Endorsed : " Read in Council, April 6, 1669." 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXIV., No. 37.]
April 7. 45. Petition of Jacob Lucy and Samuel Swinnock of London,
Merchants, and Company, to the Lords Commissioners of his Majesty's
Treasury. That his Majesty, by letters patent of 3rd April 1666,
thought fit that the commodities of Jamaica should not be burdened
with any impost or custom, for five years from 18th February 1663-4.
That Petitioners freighted the Mary and Jane for Jamaica, which
arrived at Plymouth from thence 26th January 1668-9, but could
not recover the port of London till about 18th February, when the
time limited was expired. But as said ship would have arrived if
wind and weather had permitted, Petitioners pray for a warrant to
the Farmers of the customs, to permit Petitioners to unlade said goods
without paying custom. Read April 7, 1669. The petition to be
sent to the custom Farmers, who with the Petitioners are to attend
the 21. April 21. The Lords will present the case to his Majesty.
Read in Council April 29, 1669. Granted. Annexed,
45. i., ir. Affidavits of Barnard Nicholas of Jamaica, Commander
of the Mary and Jane, and Francis Dilly of Wapping, Master.
That said ship arrived at Plymouth from Jamaica 26 January
1668-9, but they could not bring her to London, by reason of
foul weather, till the time granted for importing merchandise
from Jamaica free of custom wa,s expired. 1668-9. March 17.
Together 3 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., Nos. 38-40.]
April 13. 46. The titles of twenty Acts passed at a General Assembly begun
Maryland, and held at St. Mary's, 13 April 1669, viz.: An Act for the contin-
uance of peace with and protection of our neighbours and confed-
erate Indians in Choptanke river. 2. Limiting ordinary keepers.
3. For limitation of certain actions for avoiding suits at law. 4. For
providing of sufficient freight and carriage for the proper goods
and commodities of his Lordship the Lord Proprietary of this Pro-
vince and of the Governor of this Province for the time being.
5. For reviving of certain laws within this Province. 6. Of gratitude
to the Lieut.-Gen. Chas. Calvert. 7. Limiting the extent of all
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
15
1669.
April 16.
April 21.
Barbadoes.
April 21.
Barbadoes.
attachments and providing what shall be levied upon attachments and
executions. 8. To avoid double payment of debts. 9. For marking
highways and making the heads of rivers,creeks,branches, and swamps
passable for horse and foot. 10. For payment of money debts with
tobacco. 11. For recording the Journal of the Lower House. 12. For
the relief of prisoners taken in execution. 13. Providing what shall
be good evidence to prove foreign debts. 14. For encouragement of
such persons as will undertake to build water mills. 15. Appointing
court days in each respective county in this Province. 16. Provi-
ding against sheriffs taking excessive fees. 17. For preventing
servants and criminal persons from running out of this Province.
18. for the revival and amendment of an additional Act concerning
the payment of fees due from criminal persons. 19 and 20. Two Acts
for the payment of the public charges of this Province. All said
laws passed under the great seal of the Province, 27 May 1669.
Together 48 pp. [Col. Entry Bk, No. LIII., pp. 129^177.]
47. Order of the Committee for Trade and Plantations. That
the petition and address of the planters and inhabitants of Barba-
does, and the addresses from Antigua, Montserrat, and the rest of
the islands under the government of Lord Willoughby, be seriously
considered by his Lordship, who is to extract out of them in writing
such articles of their demands as he shall think fit for his Majesty's
concession, and offer them to this Committee to be reported to his
Majesty in Council for his Majesty's approbation and further direc-
tion. Endorsed, Referred to Lord Willoughby. Draft with
corrections. I p. [CoL Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 41.]
48. Chr. Codrington, Deputy Governor, to [Sec. Lord Arlington].
In the absence of his Excellency has received his Majesty's commands
of 13th January [see ante, -No. 3] for seizing two ships for having
infringed the Act of Navigation. Had already seized and brought
to trial the Matthew and Francis, but through some ill management
she was acquitted ; but will bring her to a new trial. The Sarah
and Mary is not yet arrived, but will not fail in his duty ; being
very glad to find himself so well backed by his Majesty's commands,
since his former actions of this nature have with some gained him
the imputation of severity. Conceives the customers in England
give some occasion to such things, by permitting ships from Holland
to touch in England and bring certificates, upon which license of
trade hath always been heretofore granted. Endorsed, Aug. 21,
1669. 2pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 42.]
49. Sir Tobias Bridge to [Lords of the Privy Council]. Sends
herewith, in obedience of their Lordships' commands of 31st July
last, account of the receipts and disbursements of his Majesty's moiety
of the duty of 4 per cent, in this island from 14th October 1668 to
14th April 1669. Has paid already four months half-pay to the
officers, two months quarters for the soldiers, and has completed the
soldiers' pay for two months on the muster of 20th October, besides
a good part of 85,361 Ib. of sugar for provisions sent with Lieut.-
16 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
Colonel Stapleton and Captain St. John, together with the salaries
of the officers of the Custom House. There was always allowed
10 per cent to the chief collector, which is charged in the account
for himself and deputy ; if it be thought too much, is very willing
to submit to what their Lordships shall direct. Has not been idle in
improving his Majesty's revenue. It is impossible to have an account
from the other islands so soon. Will send the muster rolls of the
four companies to Leeward as soon as received. 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXIV., No. 43.]
April 21. 50. Petition of the Farmers of his Majesty's Customs to the King.
(Received.) Having taken notice of an Order in Council which gives liberty to
two Scotch ships to pass from Scotland to New York, &c. (see ante,
No. 43), and finding some ambiguous words, especially in the last
clause, which seem to mean that they may trade with any of his
Majesty's dominions, not excepting Scotland, and having cause to
believe that the end thereof is to settle a trade betwixt the Planta-
tions and Scotland, and that these ships, under pretext of this order,
may withdraw above 7,000?. per annum from the Customs in
England, and deface three Acts of Parliament made in direct oppo-
sition to it, pray his Majesty to revoke said order, or make this
condition, that they first touch in some port of England and there
pay custom, and enter bond not to carry any goods to any other
place than England or the Plantations, " for otherwise they will be
in a more free and unlimited condition than any free built ship of
England and out of the reach of any English law/' Signed by
Richard Browne. Endorsed: Received 21 of April 1669. Read in
Council 23 April 1669. 1 p. Printed in New York Documents,
III., 180-181 also copy. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., Nos. 44, 45.]
April ? 51. Reply to preceding petition of the Farmers of .H. M. Customs.
The whole design of the Duke of York in obtaining permission for
two Scotch Ships to trade to New York and transport planters there
is merely for the general good of those of his Majesty's late acquired
Dominions. It is acknowledged that by the said Acts of Parliament
English built ships only are permitted to trade in the Plantations,
yet certain merchandize from Scotland and Ireland may be shipped
in either Kingdom in English built ships, so that the main objection
lies upon the ships being Scotch, and not on the voyage, passengers
or planters as Scotchmen, nor on the accommodation of necessaries
for any number of considerable planters, and that the pretended
damage is denied, and that the farmers themselves may be convinced
of our just intentions if his Majesty so ordain, they will (as the
farmers desire) give security not to carry goods to any place but
England and the Plantations, paying custom as the law directs. No
Scotch ship can possibly (without ruin to the adventurers) engage
in her outward voyage to touch in an English port, by reason of
demurrage on contrary winds or other accidents. As to the burden
of ships, smaller ships will be of no great use to a Plantation that
affords horses, boards, timber frames, houses, and other bulky goods
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 17
1669.
for trade to Barbadoes and the Leeward Isles, besides their return
to England (if laden) will be more acceptable to the farmers than
smaller ships. Other Plantations have by his Majesty's royal pro-
genitors and himself been given temporary exemptions from customs,
and New York stands in as much need of the like grace, yet they
only importune the privilege for these two Scotch ships not to touch
in England outward bound, for if brought into an English port they
wiU not yield to the farmers any considerable profit worth naming,
necessaries to planters being no wise liable to pay customs. Lastly,
it is for the security and welfare of Plantations, in great measure
seated with Dutch, Swedes, and Finns, that such of his Majesty's
born subjects as desire to be transported thither may not want
Royal encouragement, by which means the numbers of his Majesty's
foreign subjects ma^ in a short time be balanced if not exceeded by
his Majesty's native subjects. 2 pp. Printed in New York Docu-
ments, III., 181-182. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 46.]
April 22. 52. M. De Baas, French Lieut. -General in America, to Henry
May 1. Willoughby, Governor of Antigua. Sent advice to Barbadoes in
St. Feb. last to Lord Willoughby of his powers for tendering that part
Christopher's. O f g t Christopher's which in Jan. 1665 belonged to the English, but
has received no positive answer. Conjures him, in the absence of
Lord Willoughby, to come and receive the same, " as I intend per-
fectly to repossess you, and to re-establish a firm peace and of
long duration." Incloses,
52. i. Protest of De Baas. That as soon as his master sent him
to command in America, he was ordered to surrender the
English part of St. Christopher's, that in the beginning of
Feb. last the Comte d'Estre'e sent a vessel to Barbadoes to
give notice of their powers, but the Governor returned an
ambiguous answer, and they have not received any news
since. Has sent to Lieut.-Gen. Willoughby at Antigua to
declare that if within one month some person does not
come with sufficient order from the King of England and
the order of their King of 31st Oct. last, to receive that
part of St. Christopher's, they have no power to make
restitution, but will keep the same until their King shall
give them a new power. Protests that the delay cannot be
imputed to France, and against all costs and losses which
said delay may occasion to the French King and his subjects.
Together 2| pp. [Gol. Papers, Vol. XXIV., Nos. 47, 47 i].
[April 23.] 53. Answer of Win. Lord Willoughby to petition of Nathaniel
Kingsland [see ante No. 44]. Believes it true that before the
taking of Surinam by the Dutch, Petitioner was possessed of a
plantation and negroes there, farmed to William Sandford, his
nephew, at the rendition of which Colony all the estates of absent
persons were confiscated to the Dutch, amongst them his son
Harry's, left to him by Fras. Lord Willoughby, and Petitioners,
but in said articles was one in favour of agents or tenants living
on said confiscated estates, that they were to retain possession for
the time of their agreement with their employers, paying to the
States of Zealand what they were bound to pay to their employers.
U 51912.
18 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
But Sandford refused to continue on his uncle's estate, and the
Dutch having him in suspicion, commanded him off from the
Colony, and placed Charles Nightingale to manage the plantation
for the States of Zealand, who continued possessed till the Colony
was retaken by Harry Willoughby on 7th Oct. 1667. Before the
taking it was concluded that all estates formerly confiscated to the
Dutch should be equally divided between the officers and soldiers,
who were to have no other pay for their services, and accordingly
Harry's estate and negroes, as well as Petitioner's, were seized and
divided. Sandford was but a private soldier, and. of no more use
than any other ; but one John Kettle, an old planter, was chief
guide and director ; notwithstanding whatever belonged to Sandford
remaining on his uncle's plantation was restored to him by the
officers. About the 1st Nov. they left Surinam, and the officers
empowered Col. Saml. Barry and Capt. Nath. Clarke to employ to
their use the confiscations left; but no profit was received, nor
did his son ever sell Petitioner's lands or house, or receive a farthing
advantage thereby. On arriving at Barbadoes the soldiers offered
Petitioner's negroes for sale, whereupon Petitioner, without Lord
Willoughby's knowledge, hired the bellman to make public outcry
that no person should dare to buy any of them ; whereupon the
soldiers grew into a very great mutiny, and one of them discharged
his musket at Petitioner. On information of this uproar, by advice
of Council, as well for pacifying the mutiny as preserving Petitioner's
life, whom the soldiers h,ad vowed to kill, Lord Willoughby com-
mitted Petitioner, and after three days, he, being a Member of the
Assembly, by their desire was released. Petitioner then petitioned
for relief, but was referred to recover by law ; yet the negroes sold
to several planters Petitioner inveigled away and kept them by force ;
whereupon the planters petitioned for justice, who were also re-
ferred to a due course of law. When Lord Willoughby had notice
of Petitioner's first petition against him in England, he asked the
whole Assembly, whereof Petitioner was one, whether any of them
had made any complaints to the King and Council, which they all,
and Petitioner particularly, denied ; whereupon he produced the
petition and letters, " and upon that the whole Assembly reproved
him (Petitioner) very severely as a foolish and false fellow." Lord
Willoughby told the Assembly he had His Majesty's license to go
for England, and desired Petitioner to prepare to go with him to
verify before the King and Council his accusation; which, in truth,
his Lordship did not intend, nor did he take him, but told him
before his Lordship's departure that he doubted not the King, when
His Majesty understood how boldly and falsely he had traduced
his Lordship, would send for him. "And these were all the
reproachful or threatening expressions I ever used to him." Had
the truth examined before his own departure by depositions of
witnesses, at which Petitioner and his counsel were present, and
has now ready to deliver. Lord Willoughby, on petition of those
claiming right to the negroes, proposed that all five judges of Bar-
badoes should try the cause ; but Petitioner peremptorily refused.
Thus was the matter left depending ; but is since informed that
Petitioner, despairing of the legality of his cause, has suffered judg-
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
19
1669.
ment to go by default, which " I suppose has now again excited
the rage of that passionate man " to a second clamour. Is ready to
verify all this, and hopes that some way may be found for vin-
dicating his own honor and the due punishment of his malicious
prosecutor. Begs, if other complaints have been made against him,
to be made acquainted therewith, and the complainants ordered to
attend to justify them ; to all which, knowing the integrity of his
own actions, his Lordship will give a plain and positive answer on
the first hearing ; and thereby doubts not to make it appear that in
all things he has been a faithful and industrious servant to the
King and his Majesty's subjects under his government to the best
of his understanding and ability. Endorsed: Read in Council,
Ap. 23, 69 ; referred to the Committee for Trade and Plantations.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 48.]
Shafteslmry
Tapers.
April 26. 54. Articles of Agreement between the Lords -Proprietors of
Carolina in order to the speedy settlement of the said Province.
That each Proprietor before 25 May next pay to John Portman
500?. sterling, to be laid out in shipping, arms, ammunition, tools
and provisions for the settlement of Port Royal, for the purchase
of which a Husband shall contract and render an account to the
Lords Proprietors. It is also agreed that each Lord Proprietor shall
pay for the next four years a further sum not to exceed 200?. per
annum, and that any Proprietor neglecting or refusing to pay any
of the said sums shall relinquish and convey his share to the rest
of the said Proprietors. Endorsed by John Locke. 1 p. [Shaftes-
bury Papers, Section IX., No. 9.]
16(59.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
April 27.
Antigua.
55. Account of the cost of the ship Carolina and her setting
to sea, 930?. 17s. lid.; of the ship Port Royal, 199?. 5s. 8d;
and of the Albemarle, 821. Is. lOd. Also of the provisions
bought for the expedition to Carolina, 54:01. Us. 8d. ; of the clothes,
2121 4s. ; arms, powder, and ammunition of war, 397?. 15s. ; tools
and iron ware, 188?. 9s. Id. ; cask, 87?. Os. Id. ; fishing trade,
281. 10s. ; Indian trade, 50?. 18s. 8d. ; charges of shipping goods,
&c., 581. 4s. ; a surgeon's chest and instruments, 30?. ; seamen's
wages, 76?. 15s. ; Mr. West at Kinsale, 30?., and for his pains 20?. ;
Lent Capt. O'Sullivan, 10?. ; cargo sent to Virginia to Win. Burgh
for account of Duke of Albemarle ; in Mr. West's hands, 26?. 5s. 6d. ;
abated on several bills, 39?. 7s. lid. Total expended, 3,200?. 16s. 6d
The Dr. side amounts to 2,645?., viz., 550?. each from the Duke
of Albemarle and Earl of Craven, 545?. from Sir Peter Colleton,
and 500?. each from Lord Ashley and Sir G. Carteret. 14 pp.
[Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 13.]
56. Lieut.-Gen. Henry Willoughby to the Sieur De Baas (at
St. Christopher's). Has received his letter and protest of April
22-May 1 [see ante, No. 52], importing his readiness to deliver
up the English part of St. Christopher's, and were Willoughby
im powered thereto would use his best endeavours for ending that
troublesome business. But for that Lord Willoughby, authorised
by his Majesty of Great Britain to receive it, made two voyages
B 2
20
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
April 30.
Barbadoes.
April.
Whitehall.
[April.]
New York.
to that purpose, and was refused by M. De La Barre and M. St.
Laurence, and has left no orders, but has given his Majesty an
account of it ; expects very shortly some commands. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 49.]
57. Sir Tobias Bridge to Lords of the Privy Council. Sent their
lordships an account of the collecting of the moiety of the King's
duty of 4^ per cent, on 21 inst. [see ante, No. 49]. Was in
good hopes of a considerable receipt from Nevis, Montserrat, and
Antigua; has heard nothing yet from Nevis. Lt.-Col. Stapleton
writes from Montserrat that he will be very diligent in collecting
the duty ; and from Antigua there is nothing to be expected, as
their lordships will understand by the inclosed order of the
Governor and Council there. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV.,
No. 50.]
58. The King to the Colony of New England. His Majesty
was well pleased to understand from William Lord Willoughby,
Governor of the Caribbee Islands, of their great readiness, during
the late war with France and Holland, to assist Barbadoes and
the other Caribbee Islands with provisions, &c. Has thought good
to let them know how well his Majesty takes these expressions of
their loyalty and good affection, and particularly that of their
present of masts lately made to him. Will not be wanting on his
Majesty's part by all good ways to further their welfare. 1 p.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 51.]
59. Samuel Mavericke to Col. Nicolls, Groom of H.R.H. Bed-
chamber, Whitehall. Has lately written by way of Boston and
Virginia, giving account how things stand in these northern parts,
as how those of the Massachusetts have "unranckled" all that
was done in the Province of Maine and committed Major Phillipps
and others to prison for receiving commissions from the Commis-
sioners ; and given out that if they could take any of those that
signed them they would punish them severely ; so that at present
it would not be safe for Mavericke to go thither. Not long since
tribute was demanded of the Narragansett Sachems, but they said
" they would pay King Charles and none else." At York, trials
have been made this spring for cod fish, with very good success ;
a small ketch sent out by the Governor has found several good
fishing banks, one not above three leagues from Sandy Hook, where
in a few hours four men took 1,100 or 1,200 excellent cod fish.
That vessel is to go to Newfoundland for fishermen, lines, hooks,
&c. ; most of the vessels that go to and from Virginia take good
quantities. "Doubts not but this coast will afford fish in abundance.
On the east end of Long Island 12 or 13 whales were taken before
the end of March, and some are daily seen in the harbour; the
Governor has encouraged this design, and two shallops are made
for it. The Governor with some partners is building a ship of
120 tons by Thos. Hall's house, and another of 60 or 70 tons is
building at Gravesend. Nutt Island, by making a garden and
planting fruit trees, &c., is made a very pleasant place. Thinks
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. . 21
16 9,
the old house must conie down to the bottom, and will prove a
tedious and chargeable piece of work. There is good correspondence
between English and Dutch, and to keep it closer 10 Dutch and
6 English have meetings at each other's houses twice a week in
winter and once in summer. Several people in and about Boston
have inclination to come hither to live. New England men have
found the way hither again from Virginia ; this week past there
were here at one time nine vessels which brought tobacco ; some
are returned to Virginia for more, others gone to -Boston with corn,
besides several Dutch sloops. 1 pp. Printed in New York
Documents, III., 182-183. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 52.]
1669 ? 60. Report of the Lords Committee for Foreign Affairs to the
King. In obedience to his Majesty's order of the 13th instant,
certify : 1. That they conceive it contrary to law and very preju-
dicial to trade for license to be granted to three Swedish ships to
trade at Plymouth. 2. As to the business of Surinam, and Serjt.
Major Banister's imprisonment in Zealand ; are of opinion that hrs
Majesty may demand his liberty, no just cause of imprisonment
appearing ; and as to the difference between the Dutch and the
English on Surinam, and how far the latter ought to have liberty
to transport themselves and estates off the Colony, have considered
the articles of the Treaty of Breda as well as those for the surrender
of said Colony to the Dutch in 1667, which were confirmed at this
last delivering up of that Colony ; but not being of one mind among
themselves in the interpretation, have thought fit to annex them
for his Majesty's judgment. Annexed,
60. i. Articles 5, 19, and 20 of the Treaty of Surinam between
Col. Byam and Adm. Crynsens. 5. In case any inhabitant
intend to depart, he shall have power to sell his estate,
and the Governor shall procure that he be transported at
moderate freight with his estate. 19. Such as intend off
shall be furnished with a vessel to transport themselves,
slaves, and goods, and be permitted to take their sloops.
60. n. Second Articles of Surinam bet ween Major Bannister and
Adm. Crynsens, 1668. That all articles heretofore made
with Commander Crynsens are hereby fully confirmed and
ratified, and shall in all particulars be observed without
any addition or diminution. Dated on board the States
ship Surinam, the f-g- of April 1668. Signed by Abraham
Crynsens and others. Together 4 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXIV., Nos. 53-55.]
1669. 61. Petition of Major James Bannister, late Governor of Surinam,
May 5. to the King. That Petitioner surrendered Surinam to the Dutch,
who agreed that himself and his fellow subjects should have shipping
at moderate rates to remove themselves and estates to some other
of his Majesty's Colonies, in order to which Petitioner demanded
shipping, which the Dutch not only refused, but on 22nd July last
seized Petitioner and carried him prisoner into Zealand, where he so
continued 10 weeks, In December last the Lords of Zealand passed
22 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
a resolution that Petitioner should forthwith depart thence, never
return to Surinam, and be enjoined to sell his estate to an in-
habitant of that place ; whereupon Petitioner repaired hither to
acquaint his Majesty. The Zealanders also seized 9,500 Ibs. sugar
sent for Petitioner's support in Zealand, and he is like to lose two
considerable plantations there, for which he has been proffered
2,200. All these injuries have been done him for no other cause
than insisting to have the articles performed, as has been sufficiently
manifested before his Majesty's Council for Trade, which articles
Petitioner understands the Dutch have lately agreed to perform.
Prays that the Dutch may give satisfaction for his losses, and
restore the sugar seized, and that his Majesty will bestow on
Petitioner a vessel of 100 tons for the removal of his family and
moveable estate from Surinam. Endorsed, Read 5th May 1669.
I p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 56.]
[May 7.] 62. Reply of Nathaniel Kingsland to Lord Willoughby's answer
to his petition [see ante, No. 53], That Sandford did stay at
Surinam to enjoy the articles after the capture by the Dutch, but it
was Col. By am who accused him to the Dutch, and 'twas his
business to have persuaded them to keep to the articles. That the
confiscation of Kingsland's plantation was an agreement preceding
the undertaking is very improbable, being unknown to Sandford,
and against the rules of common justice to make the " recaption "
more fatal to their fellow subjects than the loss itself; but if it
were, the reinstating of Sandford in the plantation by the General's
order had determined this to be his booty ; and " 'tis easy to prove
that the Lieut.-General had nothing confiscated, and whoever lost
in the expedition got amply." By law any man may take his
own goods wherever he finds them, and 'twas rather a kindness to
give notice by the crier than affront to the Governor or cause of
imprisonment. It was as reasonably propounded by Kingsland to
give security to abide the law concerning his negroes as it was unrea-
sonable to imprison him that he might not follow the law. As to
discovering Kingsland's complaint before the Council, affirms the
contrary, for the order and letter were sent inclosed to Kingsland,
and his Lordship could not have them but from Kingsland's hand ;
but if true, it is expressly against the law for any man to be
menaced for complaining to the King ; and to answer his petition
for justice with imprisonment was a severity not unworthy
his Majesty's notice. He suffered judgment to go against him by
default by advice of counsel, because some of the judges were in
possession of part of the negroes in demand ; and now the whole
matter is before his Majesty and Council, Kingsland will acquiesce in
whatsoever shall be determined. Desires some day next week may
be appointed for hearing the matter. Endorsed, Received and read
May 7, 1669. 1 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 57.]
May 8. 63. Grant to Henry Earl of St. Albans, John Lord Berkeley,
Westminster. Baron of Stratton, Sir Wm. Moreton, and John Tretheway. Whereas
by letters patents, bearing date at St. Germain-en-Laye the 1 8th
September 1649, his Majesty granted to Ralph Lord Hopton, Henry
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 23
1669.
Earl of St. Albans (by the name of Henry Lord Jermyn), John
Lord Culpeper, John Lord Berkeley of Stratton (by the name of
Sir John Berkeley), Sir William Moreton, Justice of the King's Bench,
Sir Dudley Wyatt, and Thomas Culpeper, their heirs and assigns for
ever, all that tract of land in America " bounded by and within the
head of the rivers of Tappahannock, alias Rapahannock, and Qui-
riough or Pattawomacke Rivers, the courses of the said rivers, as
they are commonly called or known by the inhabitants, and
descriptions of those parts and Chesapoyocke Bay, together with the
rivers themselves and all the islands within the banks of those
rivers, and all woods," waters, harbours, fish, beasts, fowl, mines,
quarries, &c. within the precincts thereof, royalties of hawking and
hunting, &c., reserving to his Majesty, his heirs and successors, the
fifth of all gold mines and ore, and the tenth of all silver mines and
ore ; paying yearly at the Feast of St. John the Baptist the sum of
61. 13s. 4d. at his Majesty's receipt of James Town, in Virginia.
And whereas said Lords Hopton and Culpeper, Sir Dudley Wyatt,
and Thomas Culpeper are dead, and said Lord Hopton conveyed
all his estate and interest in the premises to John Tretheway, all
said premises were vested in said Earl of St. Albans, John Lord
Berkeley, Sir William Moreton, and John Tretheway. And whereas
said Earl of St. Albans, John Lord Berkeley, Sir William Moreton,
and John Tretheway have surrendered said letters patents, to the
intent that his Majesty should grant them new letters patents
thereof, his Majesty hereby grants to said grantees all that tract of
land, with the appurtenances and privileges, and on the same terms
as before described. And further, power to divide the same
into counties, hundreds, parishes, and townships, and to erect
cities, churches, and colleges, and endow them with lands and
goods; and to be perpetual patrons of said churches, colleges,
schools, fec. ; and to divide any part of said territory into manors,
and hold therein courts baron for all actions where the demand
exceeds not the value of 40s., and receive the fines and emoluments
thereof; and to hold within said manors a court leet and view of
frankpledge of all tenants and inhabitants of the hundreds within
which said manors may be, within one month after Michaelmas, and
before Easter, according to the custom of England ; and o hold in
said manors in every week one market and two fairs every year,
with a court of pypowder in every fair, and with all liberties,
tolls, customs, fines, &c. belonging to any market, fair, or court
of pypowder in England ; and to erect parks for deer and other
beasts of chase, and enclose them and enjoy them for ever, so that
no other person may presume to enter therein or kill any of the
beasts therein without the license of said grantees ; and to grant
or sell all or any of the premisses to any persons, to be holden
of said grantees in free and common soccage, or any other tenure
in England, any statutes, &c. to the contrary notwithstanding. And
his Majesty covenants at any time hereafter to enlarge and confirm
these letters patents, Provided always that these presents shall not
extend to infringe or prejudice any contracts or grants made by
the Governor and Council of Virginia of the premisses or any part
24 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
thereof to any inhabitants now in actual possession thereof by
virtue of any grant made before the 29th September 16G1, which
grants shall continue good and effectual without paying any
fines other than the rents thereon reserved, together with the
remainders, reversions, and escheats to the said grantees; which
lands so granted by the said Governor and Council shall not be
drawn into manors, nor the grantees compelled to do suit or service
to any court of the manors without their voluntary consent, but
shall enjoy all privileges, &c. granted to them by said Governor
and Council, with such limitations as by these presents are declared.
And when any of said territories shall have been distributed into
manors, it shall be lawful for any inhabitants to appeal from any
sentence in any manor court to the Quarter Courts of Virginia.
Provided that, as to so much of the premisses as within 21 years
shall not be possessed, inhabited, or planted by the means of said
grantees, these premisses shall cease and be void. Provided lastly,
that the said grantees shall not intermeddle in the military affairs
of or within the premisses, or with the command of the castles,
forts, &c. thereof without the authority of the Governor and Council
of Virginia ; and that said Governor and Council shall have full
power to impose any taxes and impositions upon the said territories
and the inhabitants thereof for the public defence of Virginia and
the territories hereby granted, as upon other parts of Virginia pro-
portionably; and that said grantees and the inhabitants of the
premisses shall be in all things subject and obedient to such laws
and constitutions as are or shall be made by said Governor and
Council and Assembly for said Colony. And these letters patents
or the enrollment thereof shall be valid without any further con-
firmation, and shall be sealed with the Great Seal. [Patent Roll,
21 Chas. II., part 4>, No. 6.]
May? 64. Mem., in the handwriting of Under Sec. Williamson, of
. commissions and papers concerning St. Christopher's to be de-
spatched to Barbadoes. His Majesty's commissions to receive the
Island, and to compose disputes ; the instructions ; the French
King's last order and the preceding ones; and a letter from M.
4 Colbert. The whole to be addressed to , with a letter from
Lord Arlington accompanying it. Lord Willoughby to give the
necessary orders for establishing a Governor in the island. p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 58.]
May 19. 65. [Sec. Lord Arlington] to Sir John Yeamans (at Barbadoes).
Whitehall. The Most Christian King having at .length issued the necessary
orders for effectually restoring to his Majesty the English part of
St. Christopher's, and having agreed for the composing by Com-
missioners on both sides of all disputes that may arise ; his
Majesty has issued two commissions to Sir John Yeamans and
others ; one, for receiving restitution of said part of said island
which ought by the treaty to have been restored forthwith, but
has been thus long delayed by the insufficiency of the orders
issued by the Most Christian King ; the other, to empower his
Majesty's Commissioners with the Commissioners on the French
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 25
1669.
part to adjust all differences that may arise on the points specified.
Each are accompanied by necessary instructions from his Majesty,
so that it only remains to recommend them to set about the work
with all expedition, to proceed towards the French with all clear-
ness and fair meaning according to the rules set down in said
instructions, and to advertise his Majesty from time to time of
their progress. Draft with corrections in Williamson's hand-
writing. 1 p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 59.]
May 19. 66. M. Mignon, Secretary to the French Ambassador, to [Under
Sec. Williamson]. Called to put into his hands a letter from the
French Ambassador to M. De la Barre, or M. de Bas, and wishes to
know if it is in such terms as he desires. French. Endorsed, 19
May 1669. Surrender of St. Christopher's. 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXIV., No. 60.]
[May 20.] 67. Mem., by Under Sec. Williamson, of despatches sent away
by the ship (blank) for Barbadoes, in a black box addressed to Sir
John Yeamans. Mr. Champante had the care to deliver them on
board, May 20, 1669. J.W.
Commission for receiving the island from the French [dated 22
March 1668-9 [see Cal. ante, No. 33].
Commission for composing and determining all differences with
the French [same date see ante, No. 36].
Instructions for executing those two Commissions [see Cal. ante,
No. 39].
French King's Orders for restoring the island, of 31 Oct. 1668,
11 Dec. 1668, 16 Jan. 1668-9 [see ante, No. 4 i.].
French Ambassador Colbert's letter to De la Barre or De Baas
[dated -|-f January 1668-9, see Cal, ante. No. 4].
Lord Arlington's letter accompanying them, directed to Sir Robt.
[mistake for Sir John] Yeamans [dated 19 May 1669, see
Cal. ante, No. 65].
Copy of letter of Commissioners of sick and wounded and
prisoners at war, about entertainment of prisoners.
Printed copy of the Treaty of Breda. 1 'p. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXIV., No. 61.]
May 20. 68. Edward Rawson, Sec., by order of the Council of Massa-
Boston, chusetts, to Sec. Lord Arlington. By express from his Majesty
last year for keeping Nova Scotia, they had hopes they might have
been silent as to that affair without disservice to God, their Kino-,
and country, but understanding by a letter from Mr. Barker to Sir
Thos. Temple of 18th Feb. last, that there is a resuming of that
matter, they account it their duty to present their sense of the
affair. Should the French have that country it would not only
obstruct the trade of peltry, but of fishing, which is most con-
siderable ; for when they had possession of it, even in peace, the
least occasion was taken by them to make prize of vessels fishing
on those coasts, and should there happen a war, how bold their
attempts may be to annoy these plantations needs no great fore-
reach to apprehend. It would be doubtless not only a reviving of
26
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
the French King's withering interest in North America, but a very
large Augmentation of advantage to their settlement at Kebeck
(Quebec), and become as an half girdle to the English settlements
by laud, added to their sea advantage for the obstruction of naviga-
tion ; so that the parting with Nova Scotia or Acadia for St.
Christopher's holds slender proportion. Need not suggest the
English right by discovery, patent, and possession. 2 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 62.]
[May 23.] 69. Col. Nicolls to Secretary Lord Arlington. The clamours of a
people oppressed by the Massachusetts Colony are addressed by
petition to his Majesty and humbly recommended to his Lordship.
Their importunity to Nicolls (who knows the justice of their cause)
compels him to be concerned in their complaint, though he would
more willingly have contributed to the reconcilement of differences ;
but now matters are flown so high that the oppressed people of
Maine implore his Majesty's protection against the Massachusetts,
who have at once invaded his Majesty's authority and their fellow
subject's liberties, some of whom remain in prison for asserting
their Government, established pro tempore by his Majesty. The
whole matter is left to his Lordship's consideration. Endorsed,
Bead in For[eign] Committee, 23 May 1669. 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXIV., No. 63.]
May 27.
Virginia.
June 7.
Virginia.
70. Gov. Sir Wm. Berkeley to Sec. [Lord Arlington]. Last
spring, in the company of 200 gentlemen, he made an essay to find
out the East Indian Sea, and had hopes to find silver mines, as the
Spaniard had done in the same latitude, but unusual rains hin-
dered their intentions. Is of that age which requires that very little
time should be misspent, and has since considered that he had not
his Majesty's commission to justify so bold an undertaking, added
to the memory of the misfortune of Sir Walter Raleigh. The
bearer, Col. Parkes, will now solicit his Majesty's commission to
prosecute the design next spring. The King may please to divert
himself by asking the Colonel questions on the nature, posture, and
condition of the Colony. Endorsed, Answered 12 Nov. 1669.
2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 64.]
71. Thos. Ludwell, Secretary, to Sec. [Lord Arlington]. The
Colony in a very peaceable condition, but apprehensive of the French
preparations for war. In great want of at least 40 or 50 culverin,
not one out of the burnt frigate having endured the trial ; also
shot, as they cannot apparel their forts. Will write to Col. Mory-
son to wait upon him on this subject and others. All very joyful
at the King's acceptance of their present of silk. Sends all their
made laws and accounts of 2*. per hogshead. Begs to be
new
nominated to the government in the Governor's absence, who has
solicited leave to go home. 2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 65.]
[June 9.] . 72. Petition of William Isles, late commander of the Bachelor,
and 130 poor men who belonged to said vessel, to the King and
Council. Said ship was in 1666 impressed into his Majesty's
service in the Leeward Isles, and honourably lost in that expedition,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
1669.
June 12.
Virginia.
June 15.
Jamaica.
There is about 350?. due to the ship's company for two months'
wages, besides the loss of ship and freight, for which Petitioner has
attended 10 months, to his great damage. Prays his Majesty to
refer same to the Commissioners of the Navy, and order speedy
payment. Endorsed, Received June 9. Read in Council the
llth, 1669. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 66.]
73. Governor Sir W. Berkeley to [Sec. Lord Arlington]. Has
received his Majesty's gracious acceptance of their present of silk,
and have most of them laid up vows in their hearts, with their
utmost endeavours so to improve their skill and industry in that
excellent work that they shall in few years be able to make a far
greater present to his Majesty. When he comes to Europe will
make a voyage to France or Italy to be taught more. Begs he
will present the inclosed petition ; has not been able in seven years
to bring home enough to keep him half a year in England. His
salary less than any other Governor of America, though the King
has more revenue from Virginia " than all the Islands together."
Incloses,
73. I. Petition of Sir Wm. Berkeley to the King. Though the
terms on which his Majesty's promise was made are not
fully performed, prays for the customs of a ship of tobacco
to enable Petitioner to wait on his Majesty's royal person
one half year " that your Majesty, God's Vice-regent, will
imitate your great Exemplar, God, and reward good in-
tentions."
73. II. Warrant of King Charles II. declaring that when Governor
Berkeley shall send to England a ship of 300 tons laden
with silk, hemp, flax, pitch, and potashes, the growth of
Virginia, he shall have the customs and duties of a ship
of tobacco of the same burthen. Whitehall, 1662, Sept. 22.
Together 4 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., Ufa. 67, 67 1. II.]
74. Governor Sir Thos. Modyford to the Spanish Ambassador
" You cannot be ignorant how much your whole nation in these
parts did applaud my justice -and civility to them at my first coming
to this government, which (notwithstanding the small returns
I received) I should have continued to this day, had not an invincible
necessity compelled me to allow our privateers their old way, that
I might keep them from joining with mine and your master's
enemies. And now I believe you will find some reason to thank
me that I took that course ; for had they, or should . they yet join
with the French forces (to which I find them too much inclinable),
your master's interest in the Barlevanta Islands, Nova Andaliizia,
Nova Reyno de Granada, and the Main, would be in great hazard,
c e if not quite lost ; especially if our advice be true, that they have
lately with a considerable fleet approached St. Domingo of Hispa-
niola. I know, and perhaps you are not altogether ignorant of your
weakness in these parts, the thinness of your inhabitants, want of
hearts, arms, and knowledge in war, the open opposition of some,
and doubtful obedience of other, .of the Indians : so that you have
28
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
June 15.
Whitehall.
June 17.
1609?
no town on this side the line, but that my master's forces here
would give him, did not his signal generosity to yours restrain
them. What we could have done the French will do, unless these
men may by your intercession be brought to serve your master ;
and then you will be so sensible of their usefulness, that you will
no longer malign me for the evils they have done the vassals of
your Prince, but rather applaud that providence which by these
means kept them to serve you in this exigent. It is possible this
frank discovery of my knowledge in your affairs will invite you
the more earnestly to endeavour my'oppression ; but I am secure in
the goodness and wisdom of my Sovereign Lord, and you may be
in his affection and tenderness to your nation, (so many ways and
so fully evidenced,) so that, unless by some non-sincere dealing the
same be justly forfeited, my knowledge and experience in your
affairs may prove your advantage and security. These men will
put themselves under any employment (as most will) rather than
starve ; that the good encouragement your master will give them
may prevent their seeking other, is recommended to your care and
consideration." Two copies, 1| pp. [Got. Papers, Vol. XXIV.,
No. 68, and Col Entry Bk., No. 27, p. 41.]
75. Warrant to the Commissioners of Ordnance. To deliver to
Joseph West, for the defence of the plantation called Carolina in the
West Indies, four iron demi-culverin and eight sacres, with ship
carriages, ladles, sponges and linstocks, and 12 rounds of shot for
each. p. [Dom. Entry Bk, Chas. II., Vol. 29, p. 34.]
76. Petition of Anthony Bryskett to the King. Petitioner's
father, by commission from the Earl of Carlisle, at his own great
cost gained from the Indians and planted the Island of Montserrat,
where Petitioner had a valuable estate destroyed at the capture by
the French, January 30, 1666. At which time his Majesty's poor
distressed subjects importuned Petitioner to receive a power from
the French to protect them ; which Petitioner obstinately refused ;
yet at their lamentable complaints, importunate tears, and most
deplorable sufferings Petitioner afterwards most unwillingly accepted
for their sakes, but submitted at the first moment of his Majesty's
fleet appearing for their relief. Yet so it is, Petitioner's estate of
ruined lands has been confiscated to his Majesty ; craves his Majesty's
clemency, and that his estates may be restored to him. With refer-
ence to Lord Willoughby to report the true state of Petitioner's
case ; dated Whitehall, 1669, June 17. 2 pp. [Col Papers, Vol.
XXIV., No. 69.]
77. Petition of Anthony Bryskett to the King. Refers to his
Majesty's order of reference of 17th June last on his former petition,
and to Lord Willoughby 's report annexed. And in regard Petitioner
accepted a French commission for the preservation of his Majesty's
most distressed subjects from the fury of barbarous bloody Indians
and others, and most willingly submitted to his Majesty's forces ;
prays his Majesty's pardon and to be restored to his lands, of which
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 29
1669?
Petitioner was divested by Act of the Assembly at Montserrat.
Annexed,
77, I. Report of William Lord Willoughby on above petition.
That at the time of the capture of Montserrat by the French,
30th January 1666, Petitioner was possessed of a plantation
there, since by his Lordship 's-order divided into three plantations,
viz., the Fort House Plantation of 525 acres, the Water work
Plantation of 573 acres, and the South side of the River Plan-
tation of 300 acres ; that on 23rd February following Petitioner,
being of the Irish nation, accepted a commission from the French
King and M. De la Barre, to be Governor, especially over the
Irish inhabitants of the Leeward side, and was Governor there
till the retaking of the island by his Majesty's forces. Soon
after, on 16th April 1668, an Act was passed by the Assembly
to reinstate former proprietors, but Petitioner, without his
Lordship's moving at all in it, was amongst others excepted ;
Petitioner applied to Lord Willoughby for relief, but he did
not think it expedient to do anything contrary to the Act of
the country ; whereupon Petitioner soon after left the country,
and his Lordship heard no more of him. Afterwards Lord
Willoughby,.by ad vice, allotted part of the Fort House Plantation
for building a town and fort, and the remainder for the future
maintenance of the Deputy Governor ; and Col. Stapleton being
afterwards appointed Deputy Governor, and the country not
being in a condition to support a Governor, Lord Willoughby
settled upon him and his heirs the Waterwork Plantation ;
the other plantation remains undisposed of. But Petitioner
has now produced certificates under the hands of several con-
siderable planters of Montserrat, testifying that Petitioner
accepted the government under the French at the request of
his Majesty's subjects and to preserve them from danger, and
that he did protect his Majesty's English subjects from the fury
of the rebellious Irish to the hazard of his own life, and by
reason thereof was necessitated to keep a guard in his house
every night till the arrival of his Majesty's fleet. Together
3 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., Nos. 70, 71.]
i!669. 78. A discourse by Mr. De Witt, Pensioner of Holland, with
June 22. Sir TJhos. Temple, the King's Ambassador at the Hague, and the
July 2. English Ambassador's answer concerning the surrender and capitu-
lations of Surinam to the Dutch in accordance with the Treaty of
Breda. 13 pp. [Col. Entry Bk, No. 77, pp. 13-19.]
June ? 79. Petition of Wm. Lord Willoughby, on behalf of himself
and his son Henry, to the King. Petitioner has heretofore moved
his Majesty for the vindication of his son Harry from aspersions
touching his management of affairs at St. Christopher's, at which
time his Majesty declared himself well satisfied with what his son
had done. But Petitioner has lately by accident discovered that
there is a combination against them touching that affair, as will
appear by the affidavit and articles annexed. Now though
30 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
Petitioner well knows his own and his son's unblameable carriage,
he desires to have the cause heard whilst the witnesses on both sides
are here in person. Prays therefore that notice of this petition may
be given to the persons mentioned in the affidavit annexed, and that
a speedy day be appointed to alter or amend their articles, to which
he is ready to give answer in writing. Annexed,
79. I. Affidavit of Capt. Thos. Malet, sworn 25th June 1669.
On the 17th inst. met with one St. Barbe, who had
marched under him at St. Martin's, and said he was
employed by Sir Peter Colleton to draw up articles, draft
of which he showed deponent, against Lord Willoughby ;
that he should be backed by eminent persons, and Lord
Willoughby would be sharply set upon next day at White-
hall ; and that those who employed him had promised to
restore him to his condition of a merchant of good repute.
But deponent knowing St. Barbe to be a person of very
mean condition, and believing Lord Willoughby and his
son to be persons of great honour and integrity, acquainted
his Lordship therewith ; who told him he was very glad
of it, for he was resolved to petition the King to hear the
whole business. Since which St. Barbe has discovered
several malicious practices to deponent.
79. II. Wm. Lord Willoughby's crimes urged by Wm. St. Barbe.
That whereas the planters and merchants of Barbadoes
during the war raised 3,200,000 Ibs. of sugar, besides the
duty of 4 per cent., for raising fortifications, payment of
soldiers, hire of ships, provisions and ammunition ; those
sugars were never expended on the account for which they
were raised. (2.) That Lieut.-Gen. Henry Willoughby
through delay lost the opportunity of releasing the English
at Todos Los Santos, and by a shameful flight from the
French near Guadaloupe left 400 men and their vessels
captives. (3.) That after Antigua was retaken from the
French the Lieut.-Gen. commissioned one Col. Fitz to
fight the French there ; yet when they came he charged
the people on pain of death not to fight till he came to
lead them, and then went to his own plantation, fired his
own house, took his negroes into a sloop, and came to Nevis,
which was the occasion of the loss of that island and the
persons there ; for all which actions he was never ques-
tioned by the Lieut.-Gen., but looked on as his friend.
That on 6th June 1667, in the design for reducing St.
Christopher's, the Lieut.-Gen. neglected the opportunity
of landing in a convenient and safe place near the Salt-
ponds, but ordered every vessel, on sight of three flashes
of powder from the Jersey frigate, to fall down to Pelham's
Pviver ; but, being overtaken by wine, Lieut.-Gen. Wil-
loughby overslept himself, and it was upon break of day
ere the sign was made. The French followed to Pelham's
River, where the forlorn hope and part of the main body,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 31
1669.
being landed in a bad place, were most of them killed by
the French from trenches on the top of the rock ; but the
Lieut.-Gen. kept himself aboard the Jersey, beholding the
slaughter, but would not permit any boats to fetch the
soldiers aboard again. Endorsed, Read in Council, 28
June 1669. Together 4 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV.,
Nos. 72-74.]
June 28. 80. Order of the King in Council on the above petition of
Whitehall. William Lord Willoughby. That the whole matter be taken into
consideration on Wednesday the 7th July, at which time Lord
Willoughby, Sir Peter Colleton, Wm. St. Barbe, and all others con-
concerned are to attend, with their witnesses and counsel learned, if
they please. 1 p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 75.]
[July 4.] 81. Wm. Lord Willoughby to Under Sec. Williamson. All he can
say in answer to the long memorial received last night is in the
words of Col. Codrington's letter. " " The 6th of February arrived a
small French man of war with a letter from M. De La Barre, only
in my opinion for a colour to his old spy Grand Mason. The
pert Monsieur was not willing to do his duty to the King's flag,
but being before hand doubtful of some such thing, I had ordered
Major Bate into the fort, with orders to make him strike or sink
him. The Monsieur stood two shot through him the loward a
maine ; this I thought my duty." This being all written concern-
ing the affair, cannot easily credit the Ambassador's narrative,
knowing the Governor to be a person of honour and punctual to
his word, and that Major Bate well understands the duty of his
' place ; nor could they want a pilot, Grand Mason being on board
and as well acquainted with the road as himself. They also differ
much in dates, but presumes there are many now in town that were
present at this intended salute. Endorsed, Rec. 4 July 1669. 1 p.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 76.]
July 5. 82. Samuel Mavericke to Col. Nicolls. Sends copy of his letter
New York. O f April last [see ante, No. 59]. Mr. Laurence has arrived, but
has not brought one line from Nicolls, which is very strange. Is
informed how exceedingly those of Boston boast of the gracious
letters received from his Majesty, of his kind acceptance of the
masts and of the provision they sent to the fleet at Barbadoes, all
which were paid for by a rate levied upon the inhabitants. The
loyal party which groan under the burthen of the Massachusetts
Government now despair of relief. Those in Maine are in exceeding
bondage, and most earnestly desire him to endeavour to purchase
their freedom. How they have lately acted in the King's province,
Nicolls will see by a letter from Mr. Gorton inclosed. It grieves
him exceedingly that he should live to see his Majest's loyal subjects
and his ancient friends enslaved, for they are now in a far worse
condition than before ; doubts not they have petitioned his Majesty,
and craved his assistance, which Mavericke in their behalf humbly
begs of him, and may come' to his hands if not intercepted. The
ship in building goes on slowly, so does the house, though one-third
32 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
of the old house is left out ; wishes Nicolls' advice had been attended
to. Many from Bermudas and 'Barbadoes intend to remove hither ;
some are come as agents and have already bought houses and
plantations. Mr. Davenport has made such a rent in the church of
Boston as will never be reconciled ; another great church is erect-
ing for the Dissenters, and some will remove. Hopes Nicolls will
not forget what he desired him to do ; since Mavericke came over
he has never received directly or indirectly to the value of sixpence,
one horse excepted, which Mr. Winthrop presented him with.
What he had by his Majesty's order he has spent, and 400. besides,
in England in prosecution of this design. If any course be taken
, for reducement of the Massachusetts, hopes Nicolls will not leave him
out as one that may be employed in it. 1 pp. Printed in New
York Documents, III., 183-184. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 52,
pp. 2-3.]
July 10. 83. Warrant to all Admirals, &c. to permit Sir Robert Cann,
Knight, merchant trading to Barbadoes, and a planter there, to
transport 50 nags, not exceeding the price of 101 each, to Barbadoes,
to be employed on his sugar works, paying customs for the same.
1 p. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 25, p. 111.]
July 21. 84. The original or first set of the Fundamental Constitutions of
Carolina. A little volume of 75 leaves bound in vellum, entirely in
the handwriting of John Locke, and full of corrections by him.
Ill articles. Printed in full, with all the additions and correc-
Shaftesbury tions, in the 33rd Report of the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records,
Papers. Appendix 3, pp. 258-269. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section VIII.,
No. 3.]
July 26. 85. The Lords Proprietors of Carolina to William Sayle,
Governor of that part of Carolina to the southward and westward of
Cape Carteret, and his Council. Giving them power to grant land,
with such provisoes, conditions, and limitations as are directed by
their Lordships' instructions and concessions annexed ; and ratifying
and confirming every act which the Governor and Council shall do
in the premises ; also instructions in case of the absence or death of
the Governor. 2 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 20, pp. 41-42.]
July 27. 86. Instructions from the Lords Proprietors of Carolina (to
William Sayle) annexed to the commission for the Governor and
Council. In regard the number of people which will at first be
set down at Port Royal will be so small that it will not be possible
to put our grand model of Government in practice at first ; but that
it may be as near as practicable, the Governor on his arrival at
Port Royal is to summon the freemen to elect five persons to be
joined with the five deputed by the respective Proprietors to be of
his Councill, and to govern according to the following limitations,
observing what can be put in practice of the Fundamental Constitu-
tions. Councillors to take the oath "of allegiance, but if any person
for religion's sake be not free to swear he shall subscribe the same
in a book. To choose a place whereon to build a fort, under the
protection of which is to be their first town, and in which their
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 33
1669.
stores of all sorts are to be kept. If the first town be built upon an
island, the whole island to be divided into colonies and reserved for
the use of the people and no signory or barony to be taken up in it,
if on the mainland the six next adjoining squares of 12,000 acres
each to be all colonies, so that the people may at first plant together
in convenient numbers. No one to take up land within two miles
and a half of any Indian town if it be on the same side of a river
" we hoping in time to draw the Indians to our government " and
the quantity of a barony to be left about every cassique's house or
town. To establish Courts for the administration of justice until
our grand model of government can be put in execution. To summon
the freeholders to elect twenty persons who together with the depu-
ties shall for the present by their Parliament make laws to be
ratified as as is provided in the 12th and other articles of said Con-
stitutions. To take notice that the Lords Proprietors grant to all
freemen above the age of sixteen that come to Port Royal to plant
before 25th March, 150 acres and 150 for every able man servant they
bring with them, 100 acres for every woman servant and man
servant under sixteen, and 100 acres to any servant when out of
his or her time to their own proper use ; proportions of land to be
granted to those who come to Port Royal to plant before 25th March,
1671, and 25th March, 1672, to cause land to be laid out in squares
each containinig 1 2,000 acres, every of which squares that shall be
taken up by a proprietor to be a signory, if by a landgrave or cassique
to be a barony and if planted by any of the people to be a colony
and reserved wholly for their use, keeping the proportion of twenty-
four colonies to eight signories and eight baronies. To order the
people to plant in towns and one town at least in each colony, and
no inhabitant to have more than a fifth of the depth of his land to
front the river ; the form of grant to be passed and the manner of
passing it ; weekly distribution of stores under certain restrictions to
those people who thro' poverty have not been able to supply them-
selves. To direct the storekeeper how much of the Indian trade sent
shall be delivered to any of the Indian cassiques to purchase their
friendship and alliance, and never to let the Indians know what
stores there are which has been observed to be prejudicial. 3 pp
[Col Entry, Bk, No. 20, pp. 43-46.]
July 27. 87. Commission from the Lords Proprietors of Carolina to Joseph
West. Appointing him during pleasure Commander-in-Chief of their
fleet arid the persons embarked in it bound for Carolina. 1 p.
[Col. Entry Bk, No. 20, p. 39.]
July ? 88. Instructions from the Lords Proprietors of Carolina for Joseph
West. To sail with all possible speed with the fleet under his
command for Kinsale in Ireland, where he is to endeavour to get
20 or 25 servants for their lordships' own proper account, and then
sail direct for Barbados, but no servant to be put on board until
their own number be first complete. To take the best order for
the fleet keeping company. In case the master of a family die at
sea, his servants to be reserved to the use of their lordships, who
pay their passage and have the most right to them. To apply to
Mr. Southwell and Thos. Gookin at Kinsale for servants. Not to
U 51912.
34 COLONIAL PAPERS.
suffer any freeman to leave the ship without giving security for
his return, nor to suffer any servants ashore at Barbados. 1 p.
[Col, Entry Bh, No. 20, p. 38.]
July ? 89. Instructions from the Lords Proprietors of Carolina to Joseph
West " about our plantation." On his arrival at Barbados to apply
to Thos. Colleton to furnish him with cotton and indigo seed and
ginger roots, which roots he is to carry planted in a tub of earth
that they may not die before his arrival at Port Royal, as also
some canes, several sorts of vines and olive sets. On his arrival
at Port Royal to take up one side of the town, where least incon-
venient to the people, as much land for their lordships' own use
as their proportion will come to at 150 acres per head of 30 ser-
vants, taking care to have some marsh land and as many varieties
of soil as may be, some sandy, for the purpose of trying what soil
agrees best with the several things planted. To have convenient
housing erected for himself and his servants, making them warm
and tight, which is a great means of preventing sickness, and so
place the houses that upon a division of their lordships' land, each
man may have a share of them. When the houses are built the
land is to be cleared ; the canes and ginger to be planted in a rich
soil and light mould. Directions for planting the seeds, as also
Indian corn, beans, peas, turnips, carrots, and potatoes and grape
vines, and for keeping the cattle to be sent from Virginia. To
take with him from Barbados six young sows and a boar. To
consult in all things with John Rivers, agent for Lord Ashley and
agent for Sir Peter Colleton. 2 pp. [Col Entry Bh, No. 20,
pp. 34-35.]
July ? 90. Instructions from Lords Proprietors of Carolina to Joseph
West, storekeeper. To have erected within the port at Port Royal
two nouses, which are not to be thatched, for stores of war and for
victuals, clothes, tools, &c. The key of the war stores to be
given to John Rivers, who is to have the charge and make an in-
ventory of them. The presents to be given to the Indian Kings
and the distribution of victuals, clothes, and tools and the prices
at which certain commodities are to be reckoned in regard there
is no money in Carolina. To take account of passengers and goods
laden from or brought to Port Royal. In the handwriting of John
Locke. 1-|- pp. [Col. Entry BL, No. 20, pp. 31-32.].
July ? 91. Instructions from the Lords Proprietors of Carolina to Henry
Brayne. To sail to Kinsale in Ireland and thence to Barbados,
under the command of Joseph West, appointed Commander-in-
Chief of the fleet, and observe the orders of their lordships' Governor
for his proceedings to Port Royal, and to return to Barbados or to
Virginia as directed by Sir John Yearn an s } Thos. Colleton, and
Major Kingsland, and there take in passengers and freight for Port
Royal. If he go to Virginia to apply to Wm. Burgh in Chocatuck
Creek, James 'River for instructions ; if to Barbados to deliver
the goods from Port Royal to John Hallet for the Lords Proprietors
account, and take his and Thos. Colleton's advice for his proceedings
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
35
1669.
July ?
July.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
July.
Aug. e.
Whitehall.
to Virginia or back to Port Royal. At Port Royal to consult
with Jos. West or the Governor there to what port he shall sail.
To send their lordships from time to time accounts of his proceed-
ings. | p. In the handwriting of John Locke. [Col. Entry Bk.,
No. 20, p. 33.]
92. Instructions from the Lords Proprietors of Carolina for
John Rivers. To take charge of the storehouse at Port Royal and
to deliver out such quantities of guns, powder, shot, and other stores
as directed by the Governor and Council in writing. To keep
account and take receipts for the same and deliver them to Joseph
West, who is to charge the persons with them in his books and
account with Rivers for the same. \ p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 20,
p. 37.]
93. Account of monies received [by John Rivers] from Thomas
South and laid out for clothes, &c. Total, 151. Is. 3d., which
includes 7s. 6d for three weeks' lodgings. Indorsed by Lord Ashley,
" Carolina. July 1669. Rivers accounts." [Shaftesbury Papers,
Section IX., No. 10.]
94. The form of appointment of a Deputy. Whereas in the
fundamental constitutions and form of government of Carolina it
is ordained that each proprietor shall have his deputy who shall
sit in the Grand Council and Parliament and have several other
powers, as in said constitutions are set forth. And whereas there
is no landgrave or cassique in Carolina at present, or such a
number of people as will admit of said constitutions and form of
government entirely to be put in practise, yet that their Lordships
may come as nigh as is practicable at present, it is agreed that
each Lord Proprietor shall choose a deputy who for the present shall
act with the Governor as provided in said constitution is
there appointed deputy to [sic, blanks]. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk.,
No. 20, p. 40.]
95. The King to (Sir Thos. Temple, Governor of Nova Scotia).
In pursuance of the Treaty of Breda and of his Majesty's former
letter of 31st Dec. 1667, his Majesty did by his letters of 8th March
1668/9 signify his final pleasure that he should immediately upon
receipt thereof give effectual orders for restoring forthwith, to the
most Christian King, the country of L'Accadie, which formerly
belonged to said King, as namely the fort and habitations of Pen-
tagouet, St. John, Port Royal, La Have, and Cape Sable ; but
which the English possessed themselves of in the years 1654 and
1655, and proceed therein really and sincerely according to the
10th and llth articles of said treaty, his Majesty's letters of 1st
August, or anything therein to the contrary in anywise notwith-
standing. And whereas some doubt hath arisen to the Sieur
Colbert, ambassador from the French King, whether his Majesty's
letters of 8th March may not meet with some difficulties or delay
in their execution, and his Majesty resolving that the same shall
be duly and fully executed, and the French King having on his
part according to said treaty issued his orders for restoring to his
C 2
36
COLONIAL PAPERS.
Aug. 6.
Aug. 10.
Aboard the
Carolina.
The Downs.
Shaft esbury
Papers.
1669.
Majesty the English part of St. Christopher's, it is the King's
most express will and pleasure that forthwith and without all
manner of doubts, difficulties, scruples, or delays the said country
of L'Accadie be restored to the French King or to whomsoever he
shall thereto appoint. 2 pp. [Col. Entry Bh, No. 60, pp. 20-21.]
96. Draught in Williamson's hand of the latter part of the
preceding letter. 1 p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 77.]
97. Joseph West to Lord Ashley at his house near Exeter
House in the Strand. The ships are now riding at anchor in the
Downs, which he has taken all the care he can to fit out and
make ready, he hopes to his Lordship's satisfaction; expecting a
good wind he intends to set sail for the port of Kinsale, from
whence his Lordship shall receive a fuller account. Sends par-
ticulars of passengers on board. Encloses,
97. i. List of names of masters, free passengers, and servants
aboard the Carolina, viz., Masters, Capt. O'Sullivan and 7
servants, Step. Bull and 6 servants, Ed. Hollis and Jos.
Dalton and 9 servants, Thos. and Paul Smith and 7 ser-
vants, Hambleton and 10 servants, John Rivers and 4 ser-
vants, Nich. Cartwright and 5 servants, Morris Mathews
and 4 servants, Wm. Bowman and 2 servants, Dr. Wm.
Scrivener and 1 servant, Wm. Owens and 3 servants, Thos.
Midleton, Eliz. his wife and 2 servants, Samuel West and
2 servants, Joseph Bailey and 1 servant. Passengers
without servants: Thos. Rideall, Will. Haughton, Will.
Hennis, Thos. Humfreys, Eliz. Humfreys, Marie Clerke,
Sampson and Nathaniel Dorkenwell, Sarah and Eliz. Erpe,
Mary Erpe, Martha Powell, and Thomas Motteshed. Total
number of passengers 92.
[Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 11.]
Aug. 11. 98. Petition of John Jefferies and Thomas Colclough, of London,
merchants, to the King and Council. Traders to Virginia, peti-
tioners took into their service Giles Cale, merchant, at a yearly
salary, who now refuses to give any account of the estate entrusted
to him. Prays their Lordships' letter to the Governor of Virginia
to cause said Cale to give security or to account with petitioners.
Endorsed, Rec d 11 Aug*. Read and ordered 28 th August 1669.
1 p. [Col. Papers. Vol. XXIV., No. 78.]
Aug. 17.
The Downes.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
99. Henry Brayne to Lord Ashley. The ships have been
stayed by the common inconveniences incident to outward-bound
ships, and provision is far spent. Beseeches him to consider their
want when they come to Ireland, where they are to take in a
great number of passengers. The ships just going to sail with a
fair wind. Encloses,
99. i. Inventory of all the appurtenances belonging to the
Carolina, with a list of the seamen's names belonging to
her, Henry Brayne, master, as also to the Port Royal, John
Russell, master, and to the Albemarle, Edward Baxter,
master. [Shaftesbiwy Papers, Section IX., No, 12.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 37
1669.
Aug. 19. 100. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. Ordered that Major
Win. Bate remove the powder from the new church to Fontabell
House ; and that writs issue for the election of an assembly on
the 30th inst., and a return to be made on the 31st. 1^ pp,
[Col. Entry Bk, No. 11, pp. 181-182.]
August? 101. Chr. Codrington, Deputy Governor of Barbadoes, to
(Wm. Lord Willoughby). Sends copy of his answer to M. De la
Barre's letter. Encloses,
101. i. M. De la Barre to (Col. Codrington). Concerning Joseph
Oaker, who was well treated at Marie Galante and reported
among the negroes that the English expected a fleet to
destroy the French islands ; that he debauched five negroes,
whom he hid in his barque, but were arrested at Mar-
tinique, and Oaker for having debauched them was con-
demned to be hanged and executed, in which he will see
by copies of the proceedings that there was neither
precipitancy nor violence, and though the barque was
rightly confiscated, as Codrington says she belongs to
him, it is sent. Morris is still in hold for accusations
of depredations by sea before and after the war against
him. Shall be glad if he be found innocent, but cannot
refuse justice to his King's subjects. A barque of St.
Lucia has been since taken, whose commander is Morris'
lieutenant, which is taken to Barbadoes ; prays he will
send her back, or it may defer Morris' liberty. Sends
two negroes belonging to Barbadoes, and entreats him
not to pardon any French who have committed the least
piracy, desiring "with an extreme passion" peace and
amity between the two nations. His own interpreter
will deliver this packet and inventory of his messenger's
goods, who has died from fever.
101. II. Col. Codrington to M. De la Barre. Has received his
letter. Can hardly judge that Oaker was guilty of invent-
ing a report that could not have the least ground, and is
informed that at least four of the negroes were taken in
the late war from his Majesty's islands of Antigua, Mont-
serrat, &c. Hopes it will not appear that a revengeful
prejudice occasioned this example. Will only add that
had he seized a Frenchman charged with the same facts,
he would have sent him to De la Barre for punishment, or
at least given him notice before either trial or execution ;
but assures him he will be severe on all offenders, as well
of the French as his own nation. Knows that Morris
did his Prince good service in the war, and hopes that
will not be an aggravation of any crime they will make
him guilty of. Has ordered this vessel to receive him if
he will enlarge him. Knows nothing of the barque, but
if she come will seize and send her down and punish the
offenders. Together 4 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV.,
Pos. 79, 80.]
38 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
Aug. 23. 102. Warrant to prepare a Bill for making Philip Foussier, an
alien born at Rochelle of Protestant parents and himself a Pro-
testant, now residing in Barbadoes, a free denizen of England ;
but with a clause that he shall have no benefit of the denization
till he has taken the oaths of allegiance and supremacy before the
Governor, Deputy Governor, or Chief Magistrate of the island.
p. [Dom. Entry Bh, Chas. IL, Vol. 25, p. 119.]
Aug. 23. 103. A Narrative of Sir Thos. Modyford, Governor of Jamaica,
setting forth the grounds and reasons for granting commissions
against the Spaniards. His letters to Lord Arlington from Bar-
badoes will testify what an aversion he had for the privateers, as
also his affectionate letters to the Spanish Governors after his
landing in Jamaica on 4th June 1664, and his severe handling
those people, by imprisoning them, executing some, and restoring
their prizes, to the great hazard of the peace. But when he found
how powerful an enemy he had made of those who were formerly
the best friends to this place, and who not only knew all their
ports, bays, and creeks, but every path in the island, and had
many correspondents on shore, and that some of them were gone
to the French at Tortuga and Hispaniola, and the rest preparing
to go, and could better attempt this place than we could defend
it, Modyford found the fatal error he was running into, and having
notice of the Dutch war by Lord Arlington's despatch of 12th
November 1664, he changed his behaviour so effectually that he
persuaded all in or near this harbour to undertake against the
Dutch at Curaao, giving them suitable commissions and Col.
Ed. Morgan, his Deputy Governor, for their general ; they went
cheerfully without putting the King to one penny charge, and took
Statia and Saba, but by the death of Col. Morgan they scattered and
left the rest of that service unperformed. He sent Major Beeston
to treat with them for a second voyage to Cura9ao, which they
promised to undertake. Meantime he advised the Duke of Albe-
marle of the state of this place in relation to the privateers by
letters of 6th March 1665; in answer to which he had orders of
30th May 1665 to grant or not commissions against the Spaniards,
as to him should seem most advantageous for his Majesty's service,
and letters from Lord Arlington, that from the Lord General he
should receive his Majesty's directions touching the privateers, and
also letters from the Lord Chancellor to the same purpose, and
from Sir James Modyford, and also his Grace's own letter in
Feb. 1667, confirming all the former, and that after the peace with
Spain, as by the abstracts annexed may appear. The privateers
meantime were driven to leeward, and the admiral fell in with
the^ island of Providence and without any commission took it ; to
which Modyford sent a Governor, which was not only approved
of at home, but another Governor under the broad seal of England
authorised and sent. Yet notwithstanding this full power he
would not proceed to grant commissions until the council of this
island unanimously affirmed it was for the good of the island and
gave their reasons hereto annexed (see previous Vol., 22 Feb. 1666) ;
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES, 39
1669.
and thereupon in March 1666, there being also war with France, he
granted commissions, which was approved by his Grace, his end
being only to keep them from joining with the French, but they
had only commissions for taking ships, and none for landing. He
always reproved" them for so acting, especially in the business of
Puerto Bello and Maracay ; to which they made their defence by
writing, which he sent home, but never received any answer to.
Meantime, by reason of their numbers and not knowing the sense
at home, he thought it prudential to forbear punishing them ;
and, receiving an intimation of his Majesty's sense in his son's
letters, and also advice of the intentions of the Spaniards to attempt
them, the galleons being daily expected in the Indies, and the New
Spain fleet already there, in order to detain the privateers on the
island, he repealed all their powers. Hears that divers of them
intend to set up for themselves, and only two have as yet joined
the French. " If the peace with France were immortal, or if that
warlike Prince had no design this way, I should be little con-
cerned at the lawless motions of these privateers, but well knowing
the uncertainty of the former, and the assuredness of the latter,
I must confess it troubles me to be driven to that saddest error
of all Governments to act so imprudently as in this most active
age to weaken ourselves and strengthen our enemies." Will say
something to the unreasonable rumours of the great wealth these
privateers are said to gefc ; the Puerto Bello business cleared them
601. per head, and the fight with Don Alonso at Maracay SOL ;
this the common sort spent immediately in arms, clothes, and
drink, and the owners of the ships in refitting, and some of the
officers and civiller sort are settling plantations, and the owners
of ships spend their shares in refitting, so that they are from hand
to mouth and have little or nothing left. His Majesty's fifteenths
he keeps to be employed in fortification, which may be about
6001., and his Royal Highness's tenths he always sent home to
Sir William Coventry and Mr. Wren for his Royal Highness's
account. To himself they gave only 201. for their commission,
which never exceeded 300?. Affirms this to be true touching his
transactions with the privateers of this port, and challenges all
the bold maligners and rash talkers against his actings in this
particular, to disprove the least inconsiderable tittle or circum-
stance- herein, not doubting but all sober and true Englishmen
will not only absolve him but approve of his proceedings. Annexed,
103. I. Abstract of several letters from Sir James Modyford, the
Duke of Albemarle, and the Lord Chancellor to Sir Thos.
Modyford. Governor of Jamaica, from 6 Ma.rch 1665 to
Feb. 2, 1667, Granting him liberty to give commissions
to privateers to take Spaniards rather than lose them
from his Majesty's service; notwithstanding the treaty
with Spain, in which the Lord General said the West
Indies were not at all concerned. Lastly, the Duke of
Albemarle, by his letter of 2nd February 1667, hath
these expressions, " and for your giving commissions to
the privateers (against the Spaniards,) I think you have
COLONIAL PAPERS.
A.ug. 25
Whitehall,
Aug. 31.
Kinsale.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
1669.
done pursuant to your own instructions and orders sent
you, until there shall be some other alternative of these
orders." Signed by Sir Thos. Modyford. Together 5 pp.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., Nos. 81, 82.]
104. Warrant approving an Order of Council of 20 January
1669 concerning the redress of abuses in the plantations and
the appointment by the Farmers of his Majesty's customs of Edward
Diggs for the plantation of Virginia as a fit person to execute the
articles and instructions in such Order of Council and requiring the
Governor of Virginia to be aiding and assisting said Diggs. 1 p.
[Dom. Entry Bh, Vol. 25, p. 120.]
105. Robert Southwell to Lord Ashley. Has received his letter
of 16 July to procure servants in these parts to serve the Lords
Proprietors of Carolina at Port Royal, but though he has explained
to some and advised with others how to raise servants, hitherto he
could not obtain any, for the thing at present seems new and foreign
to them, and they have been so terrified with the ill practise of
them to the Caribbee islands, where they were sold as slaves, that
as yet they will hardly give credencce to any other usage. Withal
they are loth to leave the smoke of their own cabins if they can but
beg near it. Observes that the chief hindrance is the many build-
ings, repairs, and contrivances that are in all the towns in this
country since the settlement of the 49 interest, which has made work
for all that will serve, and again it is harvest time where they may
earn or steal a sheaf. The Carolina, Joseph West commander,
arrived last night, the Albemarle the day before, but the Port Royal
has not yet arrived. Has sent a very intelligent person into the
country, where he is confident he will prevail with some, who will
be the easier persuaded now the ships are here. Knows most of the
people will give credit to him, because he never had anything to do
with any of the West India trade, but rescued many who were
snatched up and conveyed aboard the shipping bound that way.
Will do all in his power to serve the Lords Proprietors. 2 pp.
[Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 14.]
106. Joseph West to Lord Ashley. The three ships have been
here 1 2 days, but now the wind being fair intends sailing, for he
clearly finds his Lordship's expectations will not be any ways
answered there in getting servants and a brave wind has been lost
going there. The sovereign here and other gentlemen have used
all endeavours, but to no purpose, for he is not assured of a man
that will go. Mr. Bowman and others not in the way, but hopes
they will be aboard before the ships sail. Mr. Reade, a deputy or
steward to Major Hambledon, has clearly run away, and so have
Humfreys with his wife and child, and he like a rascally knave
reported very high and scandalous words against the Proprietors.
Has laid out the 30. received in provisions. Endorsed by John
Locke also, (( Post paid 4 d ." [Shaftesbury Papers, Sectiou IX.,
No. 15.]
Sept. 1 3. 107. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. A black box directed
from Whitehall the 20th May last, containing two commissions and
Sept. 10.
Kiasale.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
Sept. 16.
Barbadoes.
Sep. 16.
Barbadoes.
1669.
other papers relating to St. Christopher's, was delivered to Sir John
Yeamans, Col. Philip Bell, Col. Samuel Barwicke, and Col. William
Sharpe, by Richard Noke, deputy secretary. \ p. [Col. Entry Bk.,
No. 11, p. 182.]
108. Sir Jno. Yeamans, Phill. Bell, Sam. Barwicke, and Wm.
Sharpe to (Col. Codrington,) Deputy Governor of Barbadoes. In
pursuance of his Majesty's commission concerning the English
interest at St. Christopher's, have prepared a letter to the Sieur De
la Barre to give notice of their powers. And seeing they have no
intimation of any shipping appointed for transporting them or pro-
vision for defraying the charge of this affair, they desire to know
whether he has any orders from his Majesty or Lord Willoughby to
supply them, and if not, whether as his Majesty's deputy he will do
the same. 1 p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 83.]
109. Sir John Yeamans, Phillip Bell, Will. Sharpe, and Sam.
Barwicke to the Sieur De la Barre or the Commander at Martinique.
Having received commissions from his Majesty of Great Britain to
treat with him or commissioners authorised by the most Christian
King, for composing differences that may arise upon putting into
execution the most Christian King's orders of 16th January last,
for restoring that part of St. Christopher's which the English
possessed on 1st January 1665, and concerning ameliorations, diet
of prisoners, re-eutry of the English into estates sold to the French,
and all other matters, and being instructed to give him notice, and
with him fix time and place for meeting, have sent this express
that by his answer they may understand his intentions. 1 p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 84.]
110. Joseph West to Lord Ashley. On leaving this harbour
the wind veered and has been against them ever since, but hopes
soon to sail. Has received a letter from Mr. Blany with two bills
from Robt. Southwell for 30?., which, however, he shall not
pass except necessity forces by a long stay here for want of wind.
Endorsed by John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX.,
No. 16.]
[Sept. 22.] 111. Petition of Robert Forth, Merchant, to the King and
Council. Petitioner pays his Majesty yearly in customs and excise
to the value of 3,000?. or 4,000?., and having several ships now
bound for Barbadoes, prays for licence to transport 150 geldings to
said island. Endorsed, Rec. Sept. 22, read the 28 June 1669,
and granted. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 85.]
[Sept. 28.] 112. Narrative of the usages and customs of Barbadoes concern-
ing proceedings in the Court of Common Pleas, approved by his
Excellency and Council, 17th October 1664. See previous Vol.
No. 833, Enclosure I. Endorsed, Read in Council, 28 Sept. 1669.
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol., XXIV., No. 86.]
[Sept. 30.] 113. Deposition of William Lowe before Sir Thos. Modyford
Jamaica. Deponent with 11 others prisoners in Cartagena, made their escape
the fth June last, and left behind them 27 English prisoners :
Sept. 17.
Kinsale.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
2 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
viz., Henry Bragg, John Elliott, Hugh Long, Robt. Cookei', Edward
Browne, Roger Caun, Richard Wight, Emanuel Manchy, Hainan
Howman, Hugh Hunter, George and his wife, Richard Glascow,
Richard Trelawny, Jno. Brewen, Thomas Holland, Godfry, Jno.
Woodham, James , Arthur Certis, Paul Hopely, Mathew Rider,
Edwd. Gameu, Thomas Cree, Win. Beates, William Pike, and John
Richardson. All which were cruelly used, and put to hard labour
daily frorn'4 in the morning till 7 in the evening, each being in irons
of the weight of 26 lb., many days without any allowance and at
best but half a rial a day, often times beaten cruelly by the over-
seers and soldiers, and upon complaint to the Governor of the small-
ness or no allowance of provisions, had this return, " starve for
hunger, and go to hell." After escape they took some Spaniards
prisoners, who informed them that the above 27 were in irons, and
it 's thought they will be starved, if relief be not obtained. 1 p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 87.]
Oct. 1. 114. Governor Sir Thos. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington. Has
Jamaica, lately received his of llth May, in favour of John Woolley. Since
his Lordship referred him to the Lord General's directions touching
the privateers of this port, he has corresponded with his Grace
about their motions and the powers he gave them, which his Grace
in all his returns approved of; and had the same been remembered
by his Lordship, he should not in the late debates touching these
matters, have been thought so imprudent as he hears he has been.
Has sent his son a narrative of that affair, to present his Lordship
with, also abstract of the General, the Chancellor, and his Lord-
ship's letters touching the same [see ante No. 103. I.] which he
promises himself will once more render him fair in his Lordship's
opinion. Endorsed, Rec. Jan. 22, 1669-70. 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXIV., No. 88.]
Oct. 2. 115. Sir John Yeamans, Philip Bell, Will. Sharpe, and Sam.
Barbadoes. Barwicke, to Sec. Sir John Trevor. His Majesty's Commissions
empowering them to receive the English part of St. Christopher's,
were delivered to them by the Deputy Governor 13th September
last, with his Majesty's instructions, and divers orders from the
French King to his Ministers; and on the 16th they wrote to the
Sieur De la Barre [see ante No. 109] to adjust time and place of
meeting. But, being ignorant cf any shipping designed or provi-
sion made for them, they addressed themselves to the Deputy
Governor, who answered that he was not empowered to press or
hire any shipping for them. Are not without hopes to receive such
further directions as may remove these hindrances and difficulties
and satisfy them for the diet of prisoners if necessary, and into
whose hands they shall commit the country and forts when sur-
surrendered by the French. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV.
No. 89.]
Oct. 9. 116. Sir Tobias Bridge to the Lords of the Privy Council. Sends
Barbadoes. account of the receipt of his Majesty's moiety of the 4|- per cent
jn obedience to their instructions of 31st July 1668. Is preparing
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
1669.
Oct. 15.
New York.
Oct. 19.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Oct. 20.
Virginia.
Oct. 21.
Cockpit.
to send the yearly account with the muster rolls ; in the interim
sends the best computation he can make of the year's revenues.
Mr. Johnson begins to make further trouble, notwithstanding their
Lordship's orders of the 5th February last. Is making address to
the Deputy Governor and Council in order to the King's service ;
doubts not they will do right. Excessive rains and want of winds
have caused the crop to fall out one-third less than formerly. Is
indebted to the country for the soldiers' quarters 197,064 Ibs., and
to Lord Willoughby 113,798 Ibs. of sugar for the King's provi-
sions, and if he himself is not relieved it is likely to fall heavy
upon him. Annexed,
116. i. The accounts above referred to, estimated in pounds of
sugar, from 14 Oct. 1668 to 6 Oct. 1669. Together, 3 pp.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., Nos. 90, 91.]
117. Samuel Mavericke to Col. Nicolls. Thanks him for his of
the 12th July, as also for his favour in procuring from H.R.H. the
gift of the house in the Broadway. Beseeches him to proceed in
bringing the relief of their poor friends in New England to the
issue so much desired by himself and them, and is very sorry Col.
Cart wright cannot be with him to assist him. Has sent copies of
part of his letter to keep up their drooping spirits ; will not trouble
him with the sad complaints which frequently come from them, for
he knows well in what bondage they live. Believes every par-
ticular of what he writ concerning Jno. Scot. The ship, the Good
Fame, of New York, was launched 14 days since, and is very
strong and handsome, but costly. The house is a handsome fabrick,
but wages are so high that it cannot be expected it should come off
cheap. The flux, agues, and fevers have much reigned in city and
country, but not so many are dead as last year ; the like is all New
England over, especially about Boston, where have died three
special friends of his and well-wishers to New York, Messrs. Downe,
Boyse, and Tobias Payne. 1 p. Printed in New York Docu-
ments, III., 185. [Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 92.]
118. Disbursements on the account of Carolina. Total, 35?.,
which includes 19?. to John Rivers, 101. to Florence O'Sullivan,
51. to [Joseph] West, and II. to Miller. [Shaftesbury Papers,
Section IX., No. 17.]
119. Nine Acts passed at a Grand Assembly held at James City,
Virginia, by prorogation from 17th Sept. 1668 to 20th Oct. 1669,
but the titles only of two of these Acts are given, against which,
in the margin, is written, Repealed, Obsolete. Printed in Col.
Entry BJcs., Nos. 89, 90, 91, see ante Nos. 262, 1842. Col. Gal,
1661-1668. [Col. Entry Bh, No. 88, pp. 73-76.]
120. Minutes of a meeting of the Lords Proprietors of Carolina,
held at the Cockpit ; present, Duke of Albemarle, who was elected
the first Palatine of Carolina, Earl of Craven, the first High Con-
stable, Lord Berkeley, the first Chancellor, Lord Ashley, the first
Chief Justice, Sir Geo, Carteret, the first Admiral, and Sir Peter
44
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
Oct. 22.
Oct.?
Whitehall.
Oct. 27.
Nov. 1.
Barbadoes.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Nov. 11.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Nov. 12.
Barbadoes.
Colleton, the first High Steward. In the handwriting of John
Locke. [Col Entry Bk., No. 20, p. 46.]
121. Warrant to all Admirals, &c. To permit John Champante
Merchant to transport 100 nags or geldings (not exceeding the
price of 10Z. each) to Barbadoes, to be employed in the sugar works
there, on payment of the usual duties and customs, f p. [Dom.
Entry Bh, Chas II., Vol. 25, p. 129d.]
122. Warrant to the Attorney- General. To prepare a bill to pass
the Great Seal continuing Wm., Lord Willoughby, Capt.-General
and Governor-in-Chief of Barbadoes and the Caribbees during his
Majesty's pleasure, with all the powers, privileges, &c. contained in
the Letters Patent of 3rd Jan. 1667, said three years having nearly
expired, and his Majesty not having resolved otherwise to dispose
of said government. Draft, luith corrections by Williamson. 1 p.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 93.]
[Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. //.,
123. Copy of preceding Warrant.
Vol. 30, p. 174.]
124. Joseph West to Lord Ashley Cooper, at Little Exeter House
in the Strand. They have arrived at Barbadoes, where they will
stay until 23rd inst. The people here show a great inclination for
Port Royal ; Sir John Yeamans being resolved to go down, gives
good encouragement, and they hope to make up 200 persons. The
Albemarle arrived three days after the other ships, and has since
broken her cables and been lost on the rocks. Sir John Yeamans
and Squire Colleton about hiring another sloop to carry down 60
or 70 people. Very bad weather at Barbadoes ; the ships have
been in great danger. Hopes the Proprietors will not let them fade
in their infancy, but send a supply in the spring, for with all his
care, their stores are eaten very deep into, and at their landing
they will not have above three months' provisions. Servants have
been taken into Sir Peter Colleton's plantation, and by Major
Kingsland, and those belonging to Major Hambleton, whose steward
ran away in Ireland, West will keep until further orders. [Shaftes-
bury Papers, Section IX., No. 18.]
125. Note of " particulars," being cables, &c. which Henry Brayne
desires may be furnished by Messrs. Hooker and Shaw for the ships
Carolina and Port Royal. Endorsed by John Locke. ^ p. [Shaftes-
bury Papers, Section IX., No. 19.]
126. Nicholas Blake to (Joseph Williamson). Thanks him for
giving Thomas Cheveley opportunity to present a paper to his
Majesty, which was well accepted. Begs he will cast in a good
word for having more parishes and ministers, and that a course be
taken for the relief of oppression, which is here so intolerable that
he f eara God will have a controversy with this place ere long. Com-
plains of Rich. Lewes, Rich. Jones, Rich. Rice, and others who have
by subtlety got the whole means of the poor labourers engaged to
them, and yearly heap interest upon interest and gnaw them to the
bone, and that such exactors take 30 per 100 per annum and more,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 45
1669.
Some in England live rich upon it, and certainly Nehemiah is needed
to force them to deliver these poor men out of their bondage. Con-
cerning Mr. Santabin who was murdered at Madrid. His desire for
the Commissioners to view the books of the deceased. About three
months past was the most violent hurricane known by any alive :
at Nevis the sea came 150 yards up into the land; in another Island
180 persons were blown away, houses and all, and have not been
seen since, divers ships were wrecked in New England, and a ship
was carried off the stocks ; and at Bermuda a ship was cast away in
harbour, though those harbours are almost land locked. On 1st
inst. began incessant rains for four days ; many houses deluged ; in
a piece of ground of his own a ship of 500 tons might have floated,
and gullies usually dry became great Rivers ; stone buildings fell to
the ground ; and from a churchyard, 150 coffins were carried into
the sea ; but now the waters are assuaged. The Commissioner's not
yet gone to treat for delivering of St. Christopher's ; some doubt the
French will make the scale weigh heavy, for they have been too
hard for us in Treaties. Arrival of three vessels to carry 'tis said
Sir John Yeamans to Surinam to transplant the English for Port
Royal : he will have few people hence, and if they be not vigorously
recruited they will endure much hardship : they must be exempted
from all taxes, for new settlements are like young scions and must
have time to root and grow and in seven years will bring fruit.
There is a place much cried up of late, taken from the Dutch now
called New York, and one of it's Governments called New Jersey, of
which Mr. Carteret of Jersey is Governor, yields store of beef, pork,
peas, flour, butter, and horses ; and they had begun a pretty trade
there with strong liquors, sugar, cotton, molasses, and ginger, but
advice has come to send no more, for the Governors have put some
import on their goods ; and by this means a hopeful trade is like to
be spoiled, and many supernumeraries here who intended to trans-
plant themselves thither have let fall their resolutions. Not a month
ago he had a negro woman who was delivered of a child with five
fingers and a thumb on each hand.
Nov. 15. Has ridden over to see that churchyard, and the Minister
told him that the coffins, corpses, and bones of nearer 1,500 than 150
persons were carried into the sea, for the breach made was 40 or 50
feet wide and 140 to 150 long, and all the corpses buried there in
30 years were carried away. It was a dismal spectacle to see the
coffins sticking out on each side of the banks of the beach and
" enough to make one think of the Resurrection, for it seemed as if
the coffins did wait an opportunity to rise out of the graves."
Indorsed, Received July 1670. 3| pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV.,
No. 94.]
Nov. 20. 128. Commission to Wm. Lord Willoughby of Parham to be
Governor-in- Chief of the Caribbee Islands. Refers to his Commis-
sion of Jan. 13, 1667 for three years [see previous Vol.] which being
almost expired and the late Francis Lord Willoughby, certainly
deceased, his Majesty reposing especial trust and confidence in the
prudence, industry, fortitude, and circumspection of said Wm. Lord
Willoughby hereby constitutes him Governor-in-Chief and Vice-
i6 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
admiral over said Islands during his Majesty's pleasure. The
remaining part agrees ^vith his former Commission. Mem. The
signet was dated 20 Nov. 1669. The Patent 6 Dec. 1669, see No.
130. 2 pp. [ Col. Entry Bk. No. 11, pp. 139-140.]
Nov. 30. 129. Governor Sir Thos. Modyford to the Duke of Albemarle.
Jamaica. The happy news of his Grace's restoration to health, has been cele-
brated with the most general joy that can be imagined. Lately
received his Grace's in favour of Sam. Batch and Tho. Hudson, who
are really very civil honest gents ; has made the former Judge of the
Court of Port Royal. Most of their privateers have turned merchants,
trading with the Indians for hides, tallow, turtle-shell, and log-
wood ; others hunt on Cuba for hog and beef ; some of the best
monied are turned planters ; and some knaves endeavour to take
the Spaniard, and by stealth land what they get in harbours out of
command, which he will endeavour to prevent. None are yet gone
to Tortuga, nor will he hopes, by reason they also are forbidden to
grant Commissions, which in this juncture fell out very happy for
us. If he is left to those moderate remedies which he has begun, is
confident to reduce the most part of them, for their ships will wear
out, and then the}* must stay on shore and plant or starve. 1 p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 95.]
Dec. 6. 130. Letters patent constituting Wm. Lord Willoughby of
Westminster. Parham, Governor-in- Chief of the Caribbee Islands, identical with
his commission, dated November 20, 1669. 12 pp. [Col. Entry
BJc.,No. 5, pp. 101-114.]
Dec. 19. 131. Wm. Freeman to Col. George Gamvell, at his house in High
Nevis. Holborn over against the Hat and Hand in London. Sir John
Yeamans, one of the commissioners appointed to receive his Majesty's
interest in St. Christopher's, passed here about 10 days ago with
three vessels full of people for settling Port Royal on the main near
Cape Fear ; who said that the King's commissioners came to Barbadoes
four months before, but no orders for any vessel to bring down the
commissioners and no instructions to the Governor, so that to hire
a vessel on their own account was thought too much ; and that if
Lord Willoughby had intended to further the design he would not
have written so slightingly of it, but that Antigua was a great
obstruction to settling St. Christopher's. The French Governor of
St. Kitts told him last week that if Lord Willoughby had stayed for
M. De la Barre three days longer when he first demanded the land,
De la Barre had delivered it him, and several gentlemen here aver
that Lord Willoughby said he did not know what to do with it and
would not go down to demand it, but send others, which the French
took as a slight and sent as slight an answer. By such proceedings
his Majesty's subjects are kept out of their estates to their utter
ruin, as by woeful experience he has found, having left his family in
Jamaica these 21 months, and lost all he had left in the hurricane
of August last. Some hundreds of pitiful poor people were suffered
to settle under the French, no better than slaves, paying them
half or one third of the produce of their labours, hoping that in
a short time the land would be surrendered ; but about two
months ago the French Governor heard that our comntissioners
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 47
1669.
would be down in a short time, and ordered all those that lived
upon the King's land, as it was called, to carry off their provisions
and houses (or burn them) and begone, so that those poor people
must still be slaves to the French or perish with hunger. The
French, notwithstanding the Articles of Breda, have carried off all
the houses, timber, woods, negroes, coppers, and horses from the
English plantations, and to this he was a witness in November last
Complains of the terms by which the English are to be put in
possession of their estates as a most lamentable thing, and the loss
it is to himself. Those that chose rather to lose their lives and
estates than to falsify their allegiance are no more considered than
cowards that swear allegiance to-day to one prince and to-morrow
to another. Has endeavoured for 42 years to enlarge and maintain
his Majesty's interest, losing one of his limbs ; and now he has not
so much left as he brought with him, only 22 of his offspring left in
Jamaica, who, though poor and bare, may come to do his Majesty
service, if self-ended persons, intrusted to promote the good of his
Majesty and his people, do not occasion a miscarriage in both.
Thanks him for thinking him worthy to be joined in the commission ;
but Col. Board did very discreetly in putting by such as were poor
and bare and would have finished the business out of hand. Cannot
imagine the design of these delays, unless it be to make those who
desire to resettle the island unable to do so. Several Barbadians
have given out on the Exchange and to the Committee of Trade
that they had rather St. Kitts were sunk than settled, and wherefore
commissioners should be sent thence of all places he understands
not. Gam veil's tenant, Mr. Worly, lately come out of New England,
has been very sick, but is recovered again. 3 pp.' [Gol. Papers,
Vol. XXIV., No. 96.]
Dec. 23-30. 132. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. Ordered that the
Deputy Secretary, assisted by the Provost Marshall, publish an Act
for the settlement of the Government of this island.
Dec. 30. Also that they publish this day a proclamation sent
by Governor Wm. Lord Willoughby for the settling of the Govern-
ment bearing date 5th November last. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk.,
No. II, p. 183.]
Dec. 31. 133. Matthias Nicolls to Col. Richard Nicolls, one of the
New York. Grooms of the Bedchamber to the Duke of York. Two or three
isiand^n" 18 days s i nce Mr. Boone arrived by way of Virginia with news of
America, his health and welfare. The Scotch ship so long expected and
which Nicolls mentions, not yet arrived. There was a silly inten-
tion of an insurrection amongst the Finns at Delaware, but the
ringleaders being surprised, their design was broken. They pre-
tended an expectation of some Swedish ships to reduce the place.
The Governor sent him there to inquire into the matter, whence
he returned the beginning of Christmas week. Some few days
before Mr. White, Survey or- General of Maryland, had been there
to lay claim to all the west side of Delaware River as belonging to
Lord Baltimore ; they had sent persons also to exercise their
jurisdiction at the Hoare Kill, but none either there or in Dela-
$ COLONIAL PAPERS.
1669.
ware will submit till the matter be decided in England. The
Governor has now sent Mr. White's original claim for England,
and by the next intends to remit the whole proceedings about the
Finns. Beseeches him, who has been his kind master and patron
ever since he had relation to him, to put the best construction on
the boon he begged in his last letter. Endorsed, Kec d 11 Marcii
1669-70. 2 pp. Printed in New York Documents, III. 186.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 97.]
Antigua. 134. Eight Acts passed in the island of Antigua, viz.:
(1.) April 8. An Act for enlarging and keeping clean the High
Ways. (2.) April 8. Explaining the Act intituled An Act for
incouraging and promoting the settling of this Island. (3.) April 8.
For the bringing all Tobacco of the growth of this Island into
Public Storehouses. (4.) Oct. 21. For extending Lands and
Goods for Debts or Fines. (In margin, Repealed, 19 Dec. 1683.)
(5.) Oct. 21. Against assignment of Bills without the Debtor's con-
sent. (6.) Oct. 21. For public recompense to the Masters of Slaves
put to death by law. (7.) Oct. 21. Stating servants' times, wages,
provisions, apparels, &c. (8.) Oct. 21. Declaring the duties of all
masters of ships or small vessels trading to this island, and for the
careful looking after their vessels whilst they stay, and for the
preventions of fugitives and transportation without ticket. 13 pp.
[Col. Entry Bks. No. 49, pp. 28-40, and No. 5Q,pp. 272-285.]
Antigua. 135. The titles of the preceding eight Acts. [Col. Entry tik.,
No. 132, p. 2.]
1669 ? 136. Petition of the Mayor and Aldermen of New York in
behalf of the rest of the inhabitants, to the Duke of York. Being
mostly Dutch born, but now his Majesty's subjects, by the Articles
of Surrender they were promised free trade and equal privileges as
any of his Majesty's subjects, and for some years have enjoyed free
trade with Holland, paying customs as formerly, which encouraged
most of the Dutch to remain. Upon the happy peace between his
Majesty and Holland, they made address for three " permissionary
ships " to trade from Holland for seven years, which was granted by
his Majesty in Council [see previous Vol., No. 1603], and they en-
joyed it that year to the great encouragement of the place, and paid
some considerable value in customs towards the charge of the garri-
son ; but since, by what information they know not [see previous Vol.,
No. 1875], these ships are forbidden. Request that they may have
free trade to Holland (which is not denied to any of his Majesty's sub-
jects) touching in some port in England and paying customs as they
come and go ; and that they may bring commodities for the Indians
which cannot be so well made in England ; which if prohibited the
Indians will go to Canada for " the Dutch duffles and blancoates,
which are scrupled to be brought into England, saying it is cloth."
It cannot be called cloth, but is worse than " wadmoll" which daily
comes from Holland, and is not ever worn by any Christians but
only by the Indians. So that if the Farmers of his Majesty's
customs may have order to receive the customs, it would keep the
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 49
1669?
trade in his Royal Highnesses territories and relieve Petitioners.
2 pp. Printed in New York, Documents III., 187. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXIV., No. 98.]
1669 ? 137. " Answers (in Col. Nicoll's handwriting) to the several
queries relating to the planters in the territories of his Royal High-
ness the Duke of York in America." 1. The Governor and Council
with the High Sheriff and Justices of the Peace, in the Court of
General Assizes have the power of making, altering, and abolish-
ing laws ; Country Sessions are held by Justices on the Bench ;
particular Town Courts by a constable and eight overseers ; the
City Court of New York, by a Mayor and Aldermen ; and all causes
are tried by juries. 2. The land is naturally apt to produce corn
and cattle ; so that the several proportions of land are always allowed
with respect to the numbers of the planters, what they are able to
manage, and the feed of cattle is free in commonage to all town-
ships ; but lots of meadow and corn land are peculiar to each
planter. 3. His Royal Highness grants lands as freehold for ever,
the planters pa}dng customary rates and duties towards defraying
the public charges ; the highest rent will be one penny per acre for
lands purchased by his Royal Highness ; the least 2s. Qd. per hundred
acres, whereof the planters themselves are purchasers from the
Indians. 4. The Governor gives liberty to planters to buy lands
from the Indians where it pleases them, but the seating of towns
together is necessary in these parts. 5. Liberty of conscience is
granted, with the proviso in the query. 6. Fishing and fowling
are free to all by the patent. 7. All causes are tried by juries ; no
laws contrary to those of England ; soldiers only triable by court
martial, except in cases of invasion, mutiny, or rebellion, as in
England. 8. There is no tax payable by the planter on corn or
cattle, and the country at present has little other produce ; the rate
for public charges was agreed to in a General Assembly, and is
managed by the Governor and Council and the Justices in the
Court of Assizes. 9. The obtaining of all these privileges is long
since recommended to his Royal Highness as the most necessary
encouragement to his territories. 10. Every man, on his request,
has liberty to trade for furs. 1| pp. Printed in New York,
Documents III., 188. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIV., No. 99.]
1670.
Jan. 4. 138. John Style to "the Principal Secretary of State, Whitehall."
Jamaica. Refers to the many letters he has written which concerned the good
of this Island as well as his own particular. Presents the heads of
his letter of January last on the fertility of this place which would
maintain more people than the whole Kingdom of England, and
what has hindered the good settlement of the island, viz. the un-
limited power of the martial officers, the division of the Island into
precincts, wherein every chief exercised absolute power, with the
character of these Rulers and their actions, the condition of the
people governed, their oppressions and the ways for amendment ;
then the strength of the Island, which at that time was not 1,600
men, and about 800 at sea as privateers, and the little advantage
U 51912. D
50 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
they were to the settlement of the place. Sent also with that letter
concerning himself then a prisoner, reasons for levying a great tax
in the Parish of St. John's where Style dwelt for repairing a church,
maintaining a minister and the poor which came to 190Z. ; his com-
plaint to the Governor and the verbal answer denying redress, where-
upon Style signified his appeal to his Majesty and Council ; with
also copies of their warrants and his answers ; the violently taking
a negro from his son, and many other passages. That he had taken
out license to go to England, and had taken leave of the Governor,
when he was sent word to have a care how he went to Port Royal
to take ship, for he was to be waylaid by some nigger and shot.
Next day he was apprehended by the Governor's warrant, and infor-
mation laid against him for words spoken at the Session House,
which were altogether false, his accusers and the witnesses were
only the five justices of the peace, and refusing to plead he was
fined 500Z. ; upon which he presented his petition to his Majesty
(for release) this was the condition of things, noi; is it bettered.
Many privateers haye been lost, many have been absent a year, some
have come in well battered and gone out again ; for though there
hath not this good while been Commissions granted, yet they go
forth with let passes, which is all one as to consuming the men of this
place, who, from inquiries from prisoners still decrease in all parts
except the Town of Port Royal ; and it may be said of about 800
Privateers " as Phocion said of Leosthenes' army of Athenians, it is
a goodly army, but I much fear their return and the continuance of
the war ; for I do not see the City able to make any more ships,
neither yet any more soldiers than these." The number of tippling
houses is now doubly increased, so that " there is not now resident
upon this place ten men to every house that selleth strong liquors."
There are more than 100 licensed houses, besides sugar and rum
works that sell without license ; and what can that bring but ruin,
for many sell their plantations, and either go out for privateers, or
drinking themselves into debt, sell their bodies or are sold for prison
fees. Since Style has been a prisoner there have been 20 sold thence,
" so interests decrease, negro and slaves increase," yet were not this
course taken, the prisons would not hold the prisoners. " Were the
most savage heathens here present, they might learn cruelty and
oppression ; the worst of Sodom or the Jews that crucified our
Saviour might here behold themselves matched, if not outdone, in
all evil and wickedness by those who call themselves Christians."
It is a common thing amongst the privateers, besides burning with
matches and such like slight torments, to cut a man in pieces, first
some flesh, then a hand, an arm, a leg, sometimes tying a cord about
his head, and with a stick twisting it till the eyes start out, which is
called " woolding." Before taking Puerto Bello, thus some were used,
because they refused to discover a way into the town which was
not, and many in the town, because they would not discover wealth
they knew not of: a woman there was by some set bare upon a
baking stone and roasted, because she did not confess of money
which she had only in their conceit ; this he heard some declare
boasting, and one that was sick confess with sorrow : besides the
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 51
1670.
horrid oaths, blasphemies, abuse of Scriptures, rapes, whoredoms,
and adulteries, and such not forborne in the common highways and
not punished, but made a jest of even by authority. Acknowledges
he ought to have acquainted the Governor with this relation, but
has had such bad success, the Governor making this jailor his judge.
Was out on bail, but soon found his liberty to be but a snare, that
some loose person might witness words against him for breach of
hi& bond, so that he was forced to return to prison. There has been
lately much running out of lands, but for the most part by those who
have settlements already. Hears of but few new settlements, and
those are for the most part managed by negroes ; which destroys
the Christian interest, but if they were brought up as such, they
might prove as good, if not better subjects than many of their masters.
Begs him to present this petition to his Majesty, that since he was
pleased upon petitioner's first letter and petition of October 27th,
1068, to take his condition into consideration, he would now
signify his pleasure therein to the Governor of this Island. There
has this year also been levied on the said Parish of St. John's, a
rate of one penny per acre, which amounts to 2001. 5 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV,, No. 1.]
Jan. 10. 139. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. Whereas the Great
Seal for the Caribbee Islands delivered by his Excellency into the
custody of Lieut.- General Henry Willoughby at Antigua, is now by
the death of said Henry Willoughby come into the hands of Johu
Knight, said seal was by said John Knight on 2nd and again on.
23rd December tendered to the Deputy Governor and Council, but
they thought not fit to receive it without special order from his
Excellency. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk., No.ll, p. 184.]
1670 ? 140. Instructions from the Lords Proprietors of Carolina to the
Governor and Council of Albemarle. Not being able at present
fully to put our Fundamental Constitutions and form of government
for Carolina into practice by reason of the want of landgraves,
cassiques, and a sufficient number of people, the Governor and
Council of Albemarle are instructed to issue writs to the four
precincts of the county to elect five freeholders to be added to the
five persons chosen by their Lordships, and who for the present
represent the nobility and are to be the Assembly. Having chosen
a Speaker, then to elect five persons to be joined to the five deputies
chosen by their Lordships, who are to be the Council for the present
instead of the Grand Council mentioned in the Constitutions, and
govern according to the following limitations: All persons so
chosen to take the oath of allegiance or subscribe the same in a
book. The Governor and the five deputies of the Lords Proprietors
are to represent the Palatine's Court and exercise the same juris-
diction and powers as in the Constitutions. To establish necessary
courts of justice until the grand model of government can be put
in execution. Power to ratify laws, as in the 12th article and other
articles of said Constitutions. To cause the Surveyor-General to
divide the country into squares of 12,000 acres, not to alter any
man's right, but that the Constitutions and the form of government
D 2
52 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1070.
may the sooner be put in practice, proportions of land to be
granted to those coming to plant before 25th December 1672, and
the form of grant to be passed. 3 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 20,
pp. 52-55.]
1G70 ? 141. Lords Proprietors of Carolina to Sam. Stephens, Governor,
and to the Council of Albemarle County. Have received a petition
from the Grand Assembly of Albemarle praying that the inhabitants
of said county may hold their lands upon the same terms as the
inhabitants of Virginia hold theirs, which their Lordships are
content to do, and hereby empower the Governor and Council of
Albemarle County to grant lands upon the same terms accordingly.
[Col Entry Bk., No. 20, p. 29.]
Jan. 20. 142. Eight Acts of the Assembly of Albemarle County ratified
and confirmed by the Lords Proprietors of Carolina the 20th January
1670, viz. : 1. An Act prohibiting suing of any person within five
years. 2. Concerning marriages. 3. Concerning transferring of
rights. 4. Exempting new comers from paying levies for one year.
5. Against ingrossers. 6. Concerning defraying the charge, of the
Governor and Council. 7. What land men shall hold in one dividend.
8. For the speedier seating of land, and prohibiting strangers trad-
ing witli the Indians. " The foregoing Acts were passed again the
loth October and sent per Mr. Nixon " in John Locke's hand-
writing. 4 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 20, pp. 48-52.]
Jan. 20. 143. Minutes of a meeting of the Lords Proprietors of Carolina
Whitehall. a t Sir Geo. Carteret's lodgings at Whitehall. George Duke of
Albemarle being dead, and Lord Berkeley the eldest in years of the
surviving Lords Proprietors, is admitted the second Palatine of
Carolina. Sir Peter Colleton quitted his place of high steward
and made election of that of chancellor. Duke of Albemarle sent
his commission to his deputy to the Governor [left blank] in
Albemarle County by the title of treasurer. Lord Berkeley com-
missioned Sam. Stephens his deputy and Governor of Albemarle
County. Lord Craven deputed John Jenkins Lord Ashley, John
Willoughby Sir Geo. Carteret, Peter Carteret and Sir Peter
Colleton deputed Mr. Godfrey. 1 p. In the handwriting of John
Locke. [Col, Entry Bk., No. 20, p. 47.]
Jan. 22. 144. An account of the present state of the Island of Jamaica,
given in to Sec. Lord Arlington by Chas. Modyford. Jamaica
contains by computation 700,000 acres, of which are granted away
by patent 165,564. Number of fighting men 3,000, besides priva-
teers, who are incirca 1,500, and have 20 small vessels (the biggest
carrying but 12 guns) ; women and children incirca 1200 ; negroes
or slaves, 2,500 ; in all, 8,200. The commodities of the island, being
cacao, indigo, pimento, sugar, cotton wool, fustick, tortoise shell,
Brasilletta, tobacco, ginger, and many other commodities, have laden
20 sail one with another of upwards of 80 tons this year ; the great
value of which commodities being considered, it will be very obvious
that by increase of inhabitants his Majesty's Customs will be highly
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 53
1670.
advanced, and their navigation exceed all the plantations his
Majesty hath, cacao, the chief produce, paying 8s. per cwt., and
being mostly exported again and the money left here, whereas
sugar, the chief commodity of other colonies, pays but Is. 6<l. per
cwt. Our own manufactures also are transported to Jamaica in
great quantities, there going thither this year 18 sail or more :
all this being done by encouraging planting, which was not till
1664. Nothing can now hinder the future thriving of that island
but want of inhabitants and slaves, or the unsettlement of it with
the Spaniards. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV, No. 2.]
1670 ? 145. Petition of Henry Earl of St. Albans, John Lord Berkeley,
Baron of Stratton, Sir Wm. Moreton, and John Trethewy, assignee
of the late Lord Hopton, to the King. In 1649 the King by letters
patent granted them all that territory bounded by the Rivers of
Rappahannock and Patawomacke and Quiriough and the courses
of those rivers and Chesapayocke Bay ; after the restoration their
agent Sir Humphrey Hook and other eminent citizens were molested
by the Governor and Council of Virginia, which being brought
before the King in Council, the petitioners surrendered some of
their privileges, and on 8th May last a new patent, with the consent
of Mr. Morrison, was granted to them [see ante, No. 63]. Pray
for letters to the Governor and Council of Virginia with command
not to interrupt their agents in planting and settling said territory.
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 3.]
Jan. ? 146. The King to Gov. Sir William Berkeley. Recites grant
to Ralph Lord Hopton, the Baron of Stratton (since deceased), and
others in the first year of his Majesty's reign, of a tract of L'ind
between the Rivers Rappahanock, Patowomack, and Quiriough and
Chesapeake Bay; tbe assignment thereof to the Earl of St. Albans,
Lord Berkeley, Sir Wm. Morton, and John Trethewy, assignee of Lord
Hopton, and the grant of new letters patent dated 8th May last
past, and commands him to be assistant to said patentees in the
seating and settling of same and to give them all due encouragement
and protection. Draft with corrections by Williamson. 1 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 4.]
Jan. 26. 147. Fair copy of preceding. \\ pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 93,
pp. 1-2.]
Jan. 26. 148. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Present Sir Thos.
St. Jago de Modyford, Governor, Lt.-Gen. Sir Jas. Modyford, Maj.-Gen. Thos.
Vega> Modyford, Col. Thos. Freeman, Lt.-Cols. Thos. Ballard, John Coape,
Robt. Byndlosse, and Rich. Hope, Majors Chas. Whitfield, Ant
Collier, and Thos. Fuller. Major Anthony Collier was sworn one
of his Majesty's Council. Ordered that Capt. Cooper be sent for to
give account how he behaved himself with the outlying negroes
that were at his house, and that two Quakers that catae from
Guinaboa be discharged out of prison. An ordinance for preventing
the increase of lawyers, attorneys, and solicitors. 2 pp. [Col.
Entry Bk., No. 34, pp. 184-186.]
t COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Jan. 26. 149. Commission of war by the Spaniard against the English in
Feb. 5. the West Indies. Whereas the Queen, by order dated in Madrid
the 20th April 1669, was pleased to inform Don Pedro Bayona
y Villa Nueba, Captain-General of the province of Paraguay
and Governor of the city of St. Jago of Cuba, that relation
being made to her of the hostilities which the French and English
make in the Indies, she made complaint to the King of Great
Britain, giving him notice of the peace celebrated in 1667 ; to
which his Majesty answered that his subjects had no peace in
the Indies, upon which the Queen commanded Don Pedro to cause
war to be published against that nation, and to execute all the
hostilities which are permitted in war, taking possession of the
ships, islands, places, and ports which the English have in said
Indies. To the end all may have due effect, license and authority
is given to Capt. Francisco Galesio, commander of the St. Nicholas
de Tolentino, to take and seize the same as above mentioned. 1 p.
[Col. Entry Bk., No. 27, p. 46.]
Jan. 150. Petition of Ferdinando Gorges to the King and Privy Council.
That Petitioner is grandson and heir of Sir Ferdinando Gorges, who
had a grant from his Majesty's late father of the province of Maine,
was in quiet possession thereof about 26 years, and expended
20,0007. thereon. That Petitioner's said grandfather, engaging in
the service of his Majesty's late father, was dispossessed by the
Governor of Massachusetts Bay, shortly after which he died, so
that the province descended to Petitioner. On request of Petitioner,
his Majesty, by sign manuel dated llth June 1664. sent by his
Commissioners, required restitution of said province to Petitioner,
unless they should show cause to the contrary, upon publication
whereof, the inhabitants submitted to the government of Petitioner's
agents, and the Commissioners, satisfied of Petitioner's right and
title, appointed justices, &c. till Petitioner's possession should be
confirmed by his Majesty, which was done by the declaration of
his Majesty, recalling the Commissioners. April 10th, 1666. But
after three years' quiet possession, the Governor of the Massa-
chusetts again by force of arms took possession of the government
of said province, turning out or imprisoning all officers, civil and
military, seizing the records, acting in all things contrary to their
allegiance to his Majesty, and refusing to send Commissioners to
attend his Majesty, according to his express command. Prays that
his Majesty will restore him to the government and quiet possession
of said province. Full of corrections. Annexed,
150. I. Order in Council, referring above petition to Lords Com-
mittee for Trade and Plantations to consider the Petitioner's
pretensions to the province of Maine, and report their
opinion upon the whole matter to his Majesty in Council.
Whitehall, 1669-1670, January 26th.
150. li. Order of the Lords Committee of Trade and Plantations
on the above petition. On hearing the testimony of Col.
Nicolls, Capt. Needham, and Messrs. John Archdale,
Philipps, and Richard Bowles, and examining the evidence
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 55
1670.
produced by the said Gorges, it evidently appeared to
their Lordships that the allegations in said petition are
true in every part, and that Mr. Gorges ought to be
restored to possession of said province of Maine, but the
manner of the doing thereof is humbly submitted to his
Majesty's greater wisdom. Whitehall, 1670, May 9. Toge-
ther 3 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., Nos. 5-7.']
[Feb. 8.] 151. Petition of Francis Cradock, Provost Marshall of Barbadoes
to the King and Council. That his Majesty, in August 1660, by
Letters Patent granted the office of Provost Marshall General of
Barbadoes to Petitioner for life, who sent over his deputy, but the
President and Council there suspended execution thereof. His
Majesty having sent command to have the grant obeyed, in April
1661, Petitioner's deputy was admitted, but great part of the profits
of said office were taken away by new devised offices, which, Lord
Willonghby disowning before this Board, Petitioner obtained an
order of the Council of Barbadoes for the enjoyment of his rights,
and then removed Richard Dickeson and himself took possession of
the prison ; but Dickeson confederating with Capt. George Waldron,
a justice of the peace, and others, broke open the prison, kept
Petitioner close prisoner, and fined Petitioner, and made Dickeson
Provost Marshal, till at a meeting of the Council about a month
after Petitioner was restored to his office. But the old vexations
were soon again put in practice, and Petitioner having put up his
name, as all must that go off the Island, to go for England to appeal
to his Majesty, his confinement was contrived, and he was forced
to remain in the Island. On the arrival of Lord Willoughby,
Petitioner moved for justice, but found overtures made to buy his
office, so he again put up his name to leave the IsLmd, but two
days before his departure was under writ for 1,500?. debt, where he
owed not a farthing, to acquit himself of which abuse and proceed
on his voyage, he procured a special court to be called, but his
Excellency sent an order to stop the proceedings, and the ship
departing next day, the underwriting was withdrawn. Petitioner
details several proceedings at law, of which he was denied the
benefit, and complains that he has been arrested in England in
3,000?. for the actings of the deputy kept in against Petitioner's
will. By all which Petitioner has not only lost the benefit in-
tended, but has expended 600?. in defence of his Majesty's right
and his own interest. Prays that Lord Willoughby 's agents may
answer the matter ol complaint, and that he may be no longer
denied the benefit of law and justice. Endorsed, Received Feb. 8,
1669. Read May 12. Ordered to be shown to Lord Willoughby's
agent. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 8.]
1670 ? 152. Petition of Averina, late the wife of Richard Holdopp late of
Barbadoes deceased, on behalf of herself and Hilliard her son an
infant. Concerning a plantation called Locust Hall, from which
Richard Holdopp was ejected in 1649, Lord Willoughby then
alleging it to be part of the 10,000 acres said to be in arrear to the
Earl of Carlisle ; but which, Holdopp soon after gained possession
56
COLONIAL PAPERS.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
1670.
of and entrusted to Edward Pye. That Holdopp came to England
in 1660, where, after devising said plantation and all other his
estate to Petitioner and her son and making Ferdinando Gorges one
of his executors, he soon after died. In 1663 the Provost Marshall's
deputy, by order of Lord Willoughby, forcibly turned Petitioner -out
of possession, and seized it with negroes and stock to the value of
20,000?. to his Majesty's use, and Lord Willoughby soon after
granted it in fee to Pye, contrary to law. Petitioner, who
cannot hope for justice there in Barbadoes from those hands that
have done the injury, prays : that Lord Willoughby 's agents may
show cause, before the board why the conveyance to Pye ought not
to be made void by his Majesty ; that said Gorges may give reasons
why he neglects to prosecute Cradock the Provost Marshall, that was
arrested here for seizing said plantation by illegal writ ; that Pye
may be ordered to account for said plantation before auditors here,
or that his Majesty will commission persons to adjust the accounts
in Barbadoes. 1 p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 9.]
Feb. 17. 153. John Dorrell senior, and Hugh Wentworth to Lord Ashley.
Somers Islands. Through his lordship's ship Carolina being forced into one of their
harbours, they have begat an acquaintance with Captain O'Sullivan,
Surveyor-General, who acquainted Dorrell with his lordship's desire
of promoting new plantations. Our island of Bermudas is over
peopled and the natives much straitened for want of land, so that a
hundred inhabitants can yearly be spared for new plantations.
Many have gone to Sta. Lucia, Trinidad, Antigua, and Jamaica,
but the most part of them died. Some went three or four years
since to one of the Bahamas, which they first named Sayle's Island,
but they now call New Providence. Dorrell, and Wentworth an
inhabitant here, have transported most of those people on credit,
and given them time for payment until they can raise it off their
plantations. There are now about 300 inhabitants. The island is
very .healthy and has gallant harbours, it produces as good cotton
as is ever grown in America, and gallant tobacco. Their great wants
are small arms and ammunition, a godly minister, and a good smith.
Advantages of the situation, it is the nearest place for neighbour-
hood of any plantation in America. Request his lordship would
patronise their poor inhabitants of New Providence by gaining a
patent for all the Bahama Islands so they may be governed accor-
ding to His Majesty's laws, and that themselves may be remembered
as the first beginners and encouragers of the settlement of New
Providence. 2 pp. Examined by John Locke. {Shaftesbwy
Papers, Section IX., No. 55, pp. 4, 6.]
Feb. 21. 154. Thomas Ludwell, Secretary, to John Farvacks, Merchant in
London. Has received his letter of Attorney since he wrote to
Alderman Jeffries. Finding he submits to the proposition of re-
ceiving 1,000?. at three payments for what is due to him from Col.
Scarborough, he will put the business to a speedy issue and hopes
to both their consents. Desires he will give Scarborough better
language in his letters or else he cannot show them to him fearing
they may cause him to try all extremities. Has received his father's
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 57
1670.
legacy and could have wished he had lived longer if for no other
reason than to have gone out of the world with a better opinion of
this government. Indorsed, Received 22nd June 1670, Read 23rd
June 1 670. To be read again in full council. 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXV., No. 10.]
Feb. 23. 155. Petition of the adventurers trading to the north part of Africa
to the King. Having occasion to Fend 40 or 50 factors and soldiers
for Gambia, to carry on the trade of those parts and maintain their
forts, pray for an Order for passing them at Gravesend. Indorsed,
Received and Read the 23rd*of February 1669-1670. Granted.
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 11.]
1670 (?). 156. Petition of the Company of Royal Adventurers to Africa.
That if the Spanish subjects of the West Indies be licensed to trade
with his Majesty's, the whole trade may be appropriated to peti-
tioners for the following considerations, viz. : That the license is a
prerogative of the Crown, being the suspension of a law, is free to
be placed where his Majesty shall please. The English planters
were never posessed of that trade, nor will the Spaniards ever be
drawn to a traffic but for the sake of the negro trade, which is vested
in the petitioners. His Majesty's subjects in England have been
invited freely into said Company, like invitations shall be given to
all English subjects in America. If the trade be made universal it
will (not) be possible to reserve the benefit to the English, for avari-
cious persons will lend their names to the goods of strangers, and
find means to cheat the King of his dues by conveying Spaniards
goods direct to foreign parts, whereas the Company infallibly bring
all into England. The trade being dispersed, English manufacturers
will be prostituted to the Spaniards at vile prices, but the utmost
benefit may be made when the Spaniards have but one with whom
to buy and sell. Without the trade is confined to said Company,
the revenue of 5 per cenb. will not be recovered without great
expense, whereas the Company will secure the revenue to the King
at their own charge. As to the objection that this would hinder the
growth of Jamaica, the Planters never had that trade, and those
who have stock may have shares in it, it will give them a fair
advantage by consumption of their fruits, besides money for porterage
and labour. 2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 12.]
March 1. 157. The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina. These Consti-
tutions are known as the Second Set and consist of 120 articles.
The original or first Set 'is dated 21 July 1669 [see ante, No. 84.]
This second Set was to " remain the sacred and unalterable form
and rule of government of Carolina for ever," but a third Set is
dated 12 January 1682, a fourth Set 17 August 1682, and a fifth
Set is dated 11 April 1698. Printed 25 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXV., No. 13.]
March 10. 158. Sir Tobias Bridge to the King. The news of the death of our
Barbadoes. worthy General gives occasion for this presumption. His Majesty's
regiment in the Leeward Isles under his command has served near
three years with great patience, not receiving for the first two years
58 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
the value of two months pay. Out of his Majesty's moiety of the 4^
per cent, there remains due for pay of the Regiment during the past
year 500,000 Ib. of sugar, the officers being at half-pay, and the
soldiers at sixpence per diem. Has done his utmost to satisfy both
Country and soldiers, and made shift to subsist, though very barely.
The Country has been generally very kind as to continuance of
Quarters, which have been satisfied for eight months, but finds they
are indebted besides 292,126 Ib. of sugar. The officers are very
necessitous but confident of his Majesty's favour for payment of
their arrears and future subsistence. Indorsed. Received 11 May.
1 p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 14.]
1670? 159. Petition of divers Merchants, Planters, and Masters of ships
trading to his Majesties Plantations in America to the Council of
Plantations. Refer to their petition of 1664 (July 12) when the
King appointed an officer under the Great Seal to register all
persons voluntarily going to serve in the Plantations. Pray, seeing
the necessity of supplying the Plantations with servants, that Rules
may be set down accordingly for their supply, and that Petitioners
may be protected and encouraged in their employments. 1 p.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. 94, p. 17.]
160. " Memorial of the Merchants of England trading to the Plan-
tations " to [the Lords Committee of Trade and Plantations.] That
there are two petitions of the said principal Merchants to be read
before the Board this day and as they may be prosecuted in the
Crown Office for sending over servants to the Plantations which are
impossible to be preserved without, it is argued that there must be
a continual supply of servants from England, that several Merchants
and masters of ships are now prosecuted for servants that went over
voluntarily and were duly bound and examined in an office erected
by his Majesty which has so terrified all merchants and masters
that of late none will carry them over. Reasons why a way should
be speedily found for canning servants over in future with safety.
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 14.*]
March 18. 161. Governor Sir Thomas Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington.
Gave orders to have the French gentleman [M. Bourdenaux] who
took his voyage [in the Adventure] secured in the first port, and
advice given to his Lordship, in case there were war with France.
Notwithstanding his repeal of commissions, &c., a Spanish man-of-
war, manned by the Governor of St. Jago of Cuba, fell on a
merchantman of ours, commanded by Captain Barnard, an old
privateer, who was admitted a trade by the Spaniard at Biamo,
who had but 18 men and the other 80 ; our ship made a very
brave resistance, killed 36 men and was on fire head and stern
before she yielded ; we lost the good old captain and four men,
nine came up hither in a boat, and four remaining were carried
prisoners to Carthagena. Has ordered the whole matter to be
taken on oath. Since has advice that this Biskayner's consort fell
on two of our small vessels about Cape Catoch, bound to the Bay
for Logwood, who was happily taken by them, but his papers not
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 59
1670.
yet come up : by them will be able to advise his Lordship what
powers they have and from whence. . This has so incensed the
whole body of privateers, that he hears they meditate revenge, and
have appointed a general rendezvous at Caimanos next month,
where he shall send to divert them or moderate their councils.
There arrived also at Port Morant, the Cagway, Captain Searle, with
70 stout men, who hearing Sir Thos. was much incensed against
him for that action of St. Augustine, went to Macary Bay, and
there rides out of command ; will use the best ways to apprehend
him, without driving his men to despair. Hears of but three
persons who have revolted to the French, and those such as for
their felonies deserve death here. Passionately longs to see a letter
from his Lordship and therein an absolution for his crimes. 1 p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 15.]
March 18. 162. Extract of a letter (? from Sir Jas. Modyford) to Col. Lynch.
Jamaica. " I could wish I were not so deeply engaged in planting, especially
now that I see the Spaniards begin to take the right course to ruin
us. They have denounced war against us in Cartagena, and given
out commissions by which they have killed Bart (?), and taken his
ship trading with them at Savana de Crux in the S to Cayes.
They tell us plainly they have daily in expectation 12 sail of
frigates from Europe, commanded by Matias de Saye (?), Who have
commissions (as all ships shall have that come into the Indies) to
take all English they can light on. These are letters of reprisals,
and possibly the Windward Islands may come to suffer first, for all
know how easy it is to surprize the English. But they talk of
Port Morant and Yhallah, which they say they can easily destroy,
and with a frigate or two lying off the point take all the ships, and
so ruin the place by obstructing commerce. You need not be told
how dangerous the least part of this will be. I wish you had your
plantation with you, and that it were not too big to be sold ; mine
if possible I'll dispose of, and leave this warm sun for your God's
blessing ; for the Duke of Albemarle's death, that only befriended
us, this war, our making a blind peace, no frigates, nor orders
coming, gives us cruel apprehensions and makes many remiss."
Endorsed, Extract, Jamaica, letter to Coll. Lynch. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 16.]
March 23. 163. Nicholas Blake to Joseph Williamson. Encloses a letter to
Bilbao Lord Arlington concerning the estate of the late Wm. Santabin,
Plantation, ^^b imports him at least 200?. Believes it is no news in England
that the two sons Lord Willoughby left behind him are dead;
these parts have been nothing smiling or fortunate to that noble
gentleman. News from the Leeward Isles that a French man-of-war
has carried two Hollanders prizes into Martinico. Wishes they
were as strong as the French in men-of-war ; one of the Commis-
sioners, Sir John Yeamans, went for Port Royal, but is returned re
infacta, having taken but 150 men, which should be at 'least 10
times as many for the first settlement, unless they make account to
be cut off within the year by Spaniards or Indians. Complains
that a ship from Holland with commodities for this place has lately
60
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
been condemned and the goods sold, on pretence that she was not
sailed with so many English as the Act of Trade requires, though
they had the number of Scotsmen who hazarded their lives in the
last wars against the Dutch, and take it wondrous unkind to be
thus debarred the liberty of subjects. Many wish there were not
this nice distinction between the nations ; if that nation had liberty
of trading hither it would be a great means of strengthening his
Majesty's interest, and the loss of a little custom in England would
be plentifully recompensed by other advantages. Thinks the
parties aggrieved will appeal to the King and Council, and the
people generally wish them well, esteeming it to be a thing of
much rigour, and to the prejudice of these parts. Had none been
wiser than himself, he would have let them enjoy their goods, giving
security to pay the value if the King condemned them ; but it is
too late, A great rumour of Turkish pirates taking many English
ships. Not many years since they had peace with Algiers, Tunis,
and Salee, but those Africans have the root in them still of the
ancient Punic faith, about their suppression in Charles the First's
time. Showed in his last what incessant rains they had for seven
months, have had since upwards of three months very dry weather,
so that the ground gapes as if it would devour its inhabitants ; this
- is accompanied with a great dearth even to famine of corn and
potatoes their bread provisions for that plague of the caterpillar
has passed over the island two or three times, eating away most
of the slips of potatoes, so that the island is like to endure cruel
famine for several months. Endorsed, Rec. July 1670. 3 pp.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 17.]
March 29. 164. " Lord Berkeley's deputation to Lord Ashley." Appoint-
ment by John Lord Berkeley of Stratton, Palatine of Carolina, of
Anthony Lord Ashley to be his Deputy as Palatine of Carolina
Shaftesbury until Lord Berkeley's return to England. Signed and sealed.
pers * Endorsed by John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX.,
No. 20.]
[March 30.] 165. The King to Sir Thos. Modyford, Governor of Jamaica.
Whereas Richard Povey, who was constituted by his Majesty's
letters patent secretary of the Island of Jamaica, was suspended by
order of the Council of Jamaica of the llth November 1664, and
the Governor ordered to dispose of same, and it appearing that said
Povey had license and permission to leave the island, under Sir
Chas. L3^ttelton's hand, Governor Modyford is commanded forthwith
to restore said Povey to his said office of secretary, with all its rights
and profits ; and it. is not thought necessary or fit that a security
of 10,000?. or any other sum should be given by his deputy. Draft
with corrections in Williamson's hand. Annexed,
165. f. License from Sir Chas. Lyttelton to Richard Povey, secre-
tary of Jamaica, to go to England on private affairs, in
consideration of nine years' service, and approving Peter
Pugh to be his deputy. 1664, April 20.
165, II. Order of the Council of Jamaica. Richard Povey, secre-
tary, having left the island without permission, and his
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
1670.
deputy Peter Pugh refusing to keep the office in town or
give 10,000?. security for performance of said office, ordered
that the Governor dispose of said office of secretary until
his Majesty's pleasure be known. 1664, Nov. 11. En~
dorsed, Order for seizing the secretary's office. Together
3 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., Nos. 18-20.]
[March 30.] 166. The King' to the Governor of Jamaica. Copy of a letter
to the same effect as the preceding, somewhat shorter. Also copy
of the order of the Council of Jamaica suspending Rich. Povey from
his office of secretary, Two papers [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV.,
Nos. 21-22.]
March 30. 167. Copy of the above letter. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 93, p. 2.]
March 30.
St. Jago de
la Vega.
April 6.
April 6.
April 18.
Barbadoes.
168. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Ordered that a state-
ment of the case of Thomas Ledsham be drawn up against the next
meeting of Council. That the Council be adjourned until the next
day after the next grand court, f p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 34,
p. 189.]
169. Warrant to the Duke of York. Whereas Major James
Bannister, late Governor of Surinam, having bought a vessel of
80 tons for the removal of his family and estate thence, in attending
his Majesty's pleasure has kept the vessel six months at his great
charge, it is his Majesty's pleasure that his Royal Highness deliver
to said Major Bannister provisions for 15 men for six months, with
ropes and a mainsail, to encourage him towards the voyage. 1 p.
[Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 25, p. 154 <.]
170. Warrant to the Commissioners of Ordnance. To deliver
to Major James Bannister, late Governor of Surinam, six small guns,
each weighing about 7 cwt., with their furniture, six barrels of
powder, and a proportionable quantity of shot. \ p. [Dom. Entry
Bk., Chas. IL, Vol. 25, p. 155.]
171. Chr. Codrington, Deputy Governor of Barbadoes, to Gov.
Wm. Lord Willoughby. Since his last by Capt. Bayley little has hap-
pened, and they are in daily expectation of his Lordship's arrival,
therefore this may come too late to meet his Lordship in England.
Has persuaded the Assembly not to dissolve, but they will not act,
and all he can do will be to keep the peace till the Governor arrives.
The disposing of the 4| per cent, to other uses than first intended
by the country has very much distasted all people, and the Assembly
would not quarter the soldiers any longer. The commissioners for
sale of the condemned ship and goods have not given, in their
accounts. Possibly some may have written to the Deputy Governor's
prejudice concerning this business, but he has had not the least
thoughts of disservice to his Lordship. The fear of a breach with
the French has put him upon repairing the forts, and the Assembly
have promised to repay disbursements, but the public debts are
many and the country poor, and he knows not how they will be paid.
62 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Last year the Assembly gave him 200,000 Ib. of sugar ; this year he
does not find them able or willing to give anything, nor will they pay
the gunners, so that if his Majesty take no care for their payment
the forts will be of no use. The French have three great men-
of-war that take all vessels that trade in their islands ; if a war
happen fears they will be beforehand with the English, 2 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 23.]
April 20 [10]. 172. Gov. Sir Thos. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington. Has
Jamaica, apprehended Searle, intending to bring him to trial. By the last
occasion went one Cornelius, a Dutchman, master of Barnard's ship,
whose deposition he sent his son to present, but who will give his
Lordship a more lively account of that action. Has not heard more
from Rogers, but sends enclosed a deposition touching the advice they
had of wars proclaimed against them at Cartagena, desiring his
Lordship would give him latitude to retaliate in case the Spaniards
act hostilely against them, with whom we shall well enough cope
of our own strength, not desiring any assistance from England,
unless the Spaniards send forces from Europe ; and this he the
more earnestly presses because he doubts the orders given him
by the late Lord General are extinct by his never too much
deplored, death. Encloses,
172. I. Depositions of Capt. John Coxend and Peter Bursett.
About 10 weeks ago deponents were aboard of Capt.
Thomas Eogers, commander of a privateer of Jamaica,
in the Bay of Campeachy, who 16 days before, having
been assaulted by a Spanish man-of-war from Cartagena,
did in his own defence board and take it, where said
Rogers took, amongst other prisoners, an Englishman by
name Edward Browne, who had revolted from his alle-
giance and lived with the Spaniards of Cartagena. Said
Browne being examined by deponents declared that there
was war proclaimed in Cartagena by beat of drum
against Jamaica. Jamaica, 1670, March 30.
172. ii. Deposition of Nicholas Hicks, gent. Being in the
island of Corisa in November last, he happened into the
company of one Prince, an Englishman, then pilot or
master of a Spanish ship from Puerto Bello, who told
deponent that the Spaniard had made proclamation in
Puerto Bello that they would give no quarter to any
Englishman, merchant or man-of-war, and he was sure
they would never have peace with the Englishmen.
Jamaica, 1670, March 31.
172, III. Deposition of Cornelius Carstens, purser of the Mary
and Jane, Bernard Claesen Speirdyck commander. That
the end of January last they sailed from Port Royal
with letters from Sir Thos. Modyford to the Governor
of Cuba, signifying peace between the two nations, and
arriving in the Bay of Masanillia, sent to give the
Governor of Biamo notice, who sent his alcalde aboard, and
having received the prisoners, and searched the ship three
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 63
1670
times, fearing she was a privateer, they entered into trade
with Capt. Barnard and made a bargain for his whole cargo.
Five or six days afterwards a Spanish Armadilla was
fitted from Cartagena, with 86 men, the Captain Manuel
de Ribero, a Portuguese, saying he had letters of reprisal
from the King of Spain for five years through the whole
West Indies, for satisfaction of the Jamaicans taking
Puerto Bello. On February 27, Capt. Barnard spied a
sail with an English ancient, and sent two men to see
who it might be ; the men were detained and the frigate
fired a broadside, they answering one another with the
like salutes about three hours. Next day, after a sharp
dispute of about four hours, the captain being killed and
the ship on fire in the forecastle and astern, they yielded.
The English lost only one man and one boy besides the
captain, the enemy by their own report having lost 36,
and several with their legs shot off. Eight or ten days
after the Spaniards gave them their own longboat and
provision to carry them to Jamaica, carrying four men
with them prisoners. Jamaica, 1670, March 21.
172. IV. Deposition of Wm. Lane, boatswain of the Amity of
Bristol See No. 182. I. Together 5 pp. . [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXV., Nos. 24, 24 I. IT. in. iv.]
April 10. 173. Copy of preceding letter annexed to one of 18th March
Jamaica. 1670. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 15, p. 2.]
April 18. 174. Henry Cowse (mate of the Adventure, of London) to Sec.
The Downs. Lord Arlington. According to General Modyford's order has en-
closed his letter, and as to the French passenger that came home
with them, he went ashore this night to Deal to get a passage
to France, the wind blowing so hard that Cowse could not get
ashore to acquaint any officers concerning him. Never could make
any discovery of his motions in the passage homeward. Encloses,
174 I. Governor Sir Thomas Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington.
Heard from Capt. Mowsley that M. Bourdenaux, a pas-
senger in his ship, had a letter from the Governor of
Comana to the King of France, and thought it his duty
to order the mate to put some delay on Bourdenaux that
if his Lordship thinks it prudential, his papers may be
searched. The master is a Quaker, and he durst not
trust to the uncertainty of his humour. Possibly this
may be but a French brag, to gain more respect in the
ship. Jamaica, 1670, February 20. Together, 2 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., Nos. 25, 25 L]
April 20. 175. Order of the General Court held at James City. Setting
James City, forth the danger to the Colony caused by the great numbers of
Virginia. f e i ons anc i other desperate villains being sent over from the prisons
in England, the horror yet remaining of the barbarous designs of
those villains, in September 1663, who attempted at once the sub-
version of our religion, laws, liberties, rights, and privileges, and
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
prohibiting the landing of any jail birds fr.om and after 20th
January next upon pain of being forced to carry them to some
other country. Certified copy by Rich. Awborne Ct. Cone. 1 p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No, 26.]
April 27. 176. Thos. Ludwell, Secretary, to Alderman John Jeffries, in
Virginia. London. Is of opinion that Gale will not come home to account,
and thinks he will have to be forced by law. Detailed account
of his proceedings in reference to Col. Scarborough's debt to Far-
vackp. Endorsed, "Reed, this letter the 15 June 1670, per Capt.
Lightfoot." 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV. . No. 27.]
April 28.
Nansamund
River,
Virginia.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
177. Ri- Bennett and Tho. Godwin to Sir Peter Colleton, at
St. James', London, per the ship Coventry, Capt. Goseling. Have
received his letter and the goods according to invoice by Capt.
Covell. Both Mr. Burgh and his wife dead, whose business is left
in trust to Bennett and Godwin. Will comply with his orders in
buying cattle, hogs, or what else is for the service of Port Royal.
Hear Sir John Yeamans was at Bermudas and returned to Barbados
after he had sent away Capt. Sayle, Governor to Port Royal.
Thirty people put off here in a sloop from Barbados in January
last, John Baulk, master, to procure food, but sailed away early in
February. 1 p. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 21.]
April 29. 178. Thos. Ludwell, Secretary, to [Secretary Lord Arlington.]
Virginia. The letter from the Lords of the Council in reference to the King's
customs and the Acts of Navigation were duly received. Action
of the Council thereon, who have given the Governor a certificate
of his candor and innocence in those particulars. Refers to a com-
plaint from New York about a ship consigned to Col. Scarborough.
Complaints received from the counties of York, Gloucester, and
Middlesex against the great number of felons banished hither from
England, with their apprehensions of the danger which might arise
from the attempts of such desperate villains. Refers to the order
of the General Court (see ante, No. 175]. The Caribbee Islands
more proper to receive them. Endorsed, Read in Council October
21, 1670. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 28.]
May 2. 179. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Whereas the outlying
St. Jago de la negroes, commonly called the Vermahaly Negroes, have committed
Vega. murders, robberies, and other outrages on his Majesty's subjects,
and now, lately, have in cold blood basely murdered John Piper,
Pallisando Robin, John Townsend, Thomas Mason, and Bloody Dick,
inhabitants of Clarendon parish, for the prevention of such mischiefs
and the speedy punishment of those perfidious villains, Ordered,
that no person travel two miles from his dwelling place without
being armed. That all persons be ready with their arms to assist
in apprehending or killing said traiterous villains, and that officers
and soldiers take every means to do so. That no person give
clothes, victuals, or parley with said traitors on pain of being pro-
secuted as assistors, comforters, and adherers to said rebels, but
that contrarywise, they fire at and by all means possible endeavour
to destroy them. Rewards of 30. to be given to whoever shall
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
65
1670.
May 2.
Jamaica.
1670?
May 5.
Jamaica.
kill their governor, 20?. for the sergeant-major, and 10?. for every
common man, and any servant or slave who shall perform said
exploit to have his freedom. The wives and children of said
traitors killed or surprised to be the property of those who
shall do this good service. Orders for the better drawing forces
together for this service. Said orders to be published at the head
of every company. Orders sent to Capt. Thomas Price in reference
to taking and killing said Varmahaly negroes. 6^ pp. [Col. Entry,
Bk.,No. 34, pp. 189-196.]
180. John Style to the Secretary of State. Hopes his last (see
ante, No. 138), sent with much difficulty, in Capt. Moseley's ship,
to his son in London, came safe to his hands. Amongst his letters
formerly sent, was one concerning the actions of the outlying
negroes here. What he then wrote has since happened, for, besides
the frequent spoils and robberies they have committed, last week
six Christian hunters were killed. They were the negroes that
have been long out, which of late appear very frequently amongst
the old settlements, and may at any time destroy them. Many
more negroes have run away from their masters, as appears from
the number brought to the prison, for whoever takes any such
to the prison receives 20s., if from the north side 40s. Can say
nothing with certainty of the number out, but the number of
Indians, mulattos, and negroes, to whom the oath of allegiance is
never tendered, much exceeds that of those who call themselves
Christians, and daily increases. Christians daily decrease. 1 p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 29.]
181. Information of John Style. That on the 8th December 1669,
the jailor Rene' Bailly told Jervase Fletcher, who was committed
prisoner, he would lend him a brave book to pass away the time,
which he highly commended, in which were several treasonable
positions maintained and formerly published by Mr. Prynne in the
late rebellion. Heard the jailor maintain by quotations out of the
book that the arms of the late rebels were defensive and just, and
that they neither committed murder nor treason ; and Fletcher told
him that the jailor had said that if the King governed not well, it
was lawful for the Parliament to raise the Militia. Wrote to the
Governor on May 4th 1669, that he had heard of some mischief
contriving by the negroes in Guinaboa against the Christians
from some runaway servants who were prisoners with him ; and
on Whitsunday following 16 outlying negroes came to that Settle-
ment, killed and salted hogs, and carried off arms and great store
of plantains, the particulars whereof he wrote at large to Sir
Will. Morrice. -1$ pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 30.]
182. Governor Sir Thos. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington,
Searle is still in custody ; the inhabitants daily increasing ; and
himself passionately longing to receive those commands from his
Lordship which may give him encouragement and occasion to
enlarge himself. Has troubled this despatch with another dis-
position of the Spaniards' hostility. Encloses,
U 51912.
66
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
May 6.
Whitehall.
May 11.
Whitehall.
May 11.
Whitehall.
1670?
May 13.
May?
182. I. Deposition of Wm. Lane, boatswain of the Amity of
Bristol, Wm. Cands, commander, bound from the Maderias
to Nevis. About nine weeks past, 35 leagues to Wind-
ward of Antigua, a Spanish frigate boarded the Amity
and took her. The captain's name was Don Francisco,
who sent his prize to Carthagena, and put the English
ashore at Corasa, showing lhat Governor his commission,
which was from old Spain against the English and French,
and not to five quarter to any Jamaicans, or French that
belong to Tortuga. Together 1|- pp. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XX V., Nos. 24, 24 iv.]
183. Warrant to the Duke of York. To cause a small vessel to
be prepared for the voyage of Captain Geoffry Pierce to Barba-
does and the Leeward Isles for his Majesty's service. ^ p.
[Dom. Entry Bk, Chas. II., Vol. 25, p. 159 d.]
184. Order of the King in Council. Whereas by an order of
26th January last, the petition of Ferdinando Gorges touching
his pretensions to the Province of Maine was referred to the
Lords Committee for Trade and Plantations, who having examined
the witnesses and evidence produced by Ferd. Gorges, were
satisfied that the allegations therein were true. But it appearing
a matter of state and importance, it is now ordered that it be
referred to the Lords Committee for Foreign Affairs ; and to that
end the papers relating to that business were delivered to Lord
Arlington, Principal Secretary of State. 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXV., No. 31.]
185. Copy of the above. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV.,
No. 32.]
186. Petition of Francis Cradock, Provost Marshall of Barba-
does to the King and Council. Petitioner has long had a petition
(fee ante. No. 151) depending before his Majesty and Council,
wh'ch, without being read, was referred to the Committee for
Plantations, who have not done anything therein. Prays that
same may be heard, and that Wm. Willoucrhby and Captain
Ferdinando Gorges, who appeared for Lord Willouuhby against
Petit : oner in a matter which now stands referred to the Attorney -
General, may appear to answer it. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV.,
No. 33.]
187. Warrant to the Attorney or Solicitor-General. Upon
a surrender by James Hamilton, Groom of the Bedchamber,
of the office of Provost Marshall General of Barbadoes, to pre-
pare a Bill containing a grant of said office to Edwin Steed with
all profits, to exercise the same by himself or his sufficient deputies
during life. f p. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 33, p. 27 ; see
also ibid, Vol. 21, p. 88.]
188. Draft of the
Vol. XXV., No. 34.]
preceding warrant. 1 p. [Col. Papers,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
67
1670.
May 17.
May 31.
June 10.
St. Germain
en La} e.
May
Shaftesbury
Papers.
189. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. They request the
Deputy Governor that there be an addition to the number of
the Council, and of assistants to the Courts of Chancery ; and that
the regiments of horse and foot be completed with officers. -| p.
[Col Entry Bk. No. 11, p. 185.]
190. Edict of the King of France forbidding trade to his plan-
tations in America. His Majesty having already ordered the Sieur
de Baas, his Lieut.-General in the Isles of America, not to suffer
any foreign vessel to traffic there, and having sent a squadron of
three ships of war to seize all foreign vessels found in the ports
and roads of said islands or in their neighbourhood, and being in-
formed that said prohibitions have not been executed as rigidly
as necessary, and that even vessels taken have been repurchased
by the proprietors for trifling sums, his Majesty expressly forbids
any foreign vessel to enter the ports, or anchor in the roads of
said islands, or sail in their neighbourhood, on pain of confisca-
tion, and that none of his subjects have correspondence with them,
on pain of confiscation of said merchandise, 500 livres fine for the
first offence, and corporal punishment in case of repetition. Ships
and merchandizes taken at sea shall be divided, one-tenth to the
commander of his Majesty's squadron, another to the captain of
the ship that made the prize, a third to the Lieut.-General. and
the rest, half for maintenance of the ships, and half to the West
Indian Company to be employed in the maintenance of hospitals
in the islands; and of prizes made on land, one-third to the in-
former, another equally divided between the Lieut.-General and the
Governor of the island, and the third to said Company for said
hospitals. French. Indorsed, " Received from Sir Joseph William-
son the llth March 1672 at noon. From Mr. Slingsby 31st July
79." 2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 84.*]
191. Account of the voyage from St. Katherina of the sloop
" which we had at Barbados and parted with at sea and did
arrive at Key-awah the 2'3rd May 167>," and passages there by
Maurice Mathews who was in her. [Kay-awagh is marked in
Sansons map as above Edisto River in Colleton County^] Traded
with the Indians at St. Katherina, the master of the sloop with
his mate and Mr. Rivers and four men went ashore, the master
taken by Spaniards and put in chains. Were told to yield and
submit to the sovereignty of San Domingo, received volleys of
musket shot and a cloud of arrows from the Spaniards and Indians.
John Hauke, a seaman, shot at them which made all keep behind
trees. Had three muskets, but, ' not a bullett, till at last we found
several upon the deck which reshooting did a little help us." Their
sails much damaged, but nobody hit. Weighed anchor and steered
along the shore. Four Indians came aboard, who were entertained
courteously. They said the place right ashore from thence was
Odistach, that there were English at Key-awah, and that a Captain
Sheedow would speak with those on board the sloop. Afterwards
he and Captain Alush (who were at Barbadues) came on board
and said that the English with two ships had been at Port Royal
E 2
68 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
and were now at Key-awah, and promised on the morrow to take
them thither. The next morning they sailed for Key-awah, where
they found the Bermndian sloop going out fishing which piloted
them into Key-awah river. 3 pp. Two copies. Endorsed by John
Locke: "Mr Mathews relation of St. Katherina, Ashley River," and
" Mr. Mathews relation Carolina." [Shaftesbury Papers. Section
IX., No. 22.]
June 10. 192. Grant to John Lightfoot of the office of Auditor-General of
Virginia, during pleasure, in the place of Thos. Stegg, lately de-
ceased, to be executed by himself or his sufficient deputy. [Dom.
Entry BL, Chas. II., Vol. 34, p. 32.]
June ? 193. Mem. in the handwriting of Sec. Lord Arlington of a letter
to be written from his Majesty to the Governor of Jamaica
"[after such preface as his Majesty thinks fit]." His Majesty's
pleasure is that he absolutely and forthwith abstain and take strict
care that no descent be made by any ships or forces belonging to
his Majesty or his subjects, or by any authority derived from his
Majesty upon any lands or places possessed by the Spaniards to
invade or plunder any of them, and that he discourage by all the
persuasions lie can any other nation from the like attempts.
. This is all his Majesty thinks expedient to command for the pre-
sent, but because he will be willing in time to settle a perfect
good correspondence with the Spaniards in the Indies, whereunto
not only the interest of his Majesty's plantations abroad, but of
his commerce in Europe may oblige him ; his Majesty expects the
Governor to send his advice by what method the depredations at
sea also upon the Spaniard may be most easily and speedily sup-
pressed, and what encouragement may be given to those who have
hitheito lived by that trade, so as they may be retained under
his Majesty's obedience, and their labour converted to his interest
and honour, l^ pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 35.]
June 12. 194.. Sec. Lord Arlington to Sir Thos. Modyford, Governor
Whitehall. O f Jamaica. Has received his letters of 20th Jan., 20th Feb., and
20th March last. His proposition for the entertainment of the
English privateers in the Spanish service will scarce be believed a
practical one, for "if their jealousy be such a spot to admit mer-
chant trading, with never so much advantage to them and their
ports, it is hard to believe they will admit a body of soldiers made
so by preying upon them, or afford them any tolerable good usage.''
Ever since Sir Wm. Godolphin's going last into Spain, they have
daily expected he would be able to bring that Court to some
articles that might make them live like good neighbours in the
West Indies, they affording us a safe retreat in their ports, and
wood, water, and refreshments for money, forbearing to ask freedom
of trade, which neither we in our Leeward plantations nor they in,
any parts of America, according to their ancient constitutions, can
admit of: this they would hardly agree to, such have been their
resentments for what the privateers have done, and such their
demands for separation. His Majesty's pleasure is, that in what
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 69
1670.
state soever the privateers are at the receipt of th's letter, he keep
them so till we have a final answer from Spain, with this conrTtion
only, that he obliges them to forbear all hostilities at land. Fur-
ther, his Majesty expects Modvford's best advice how, in case of
agreement with Spain, he mi^ht best dispose of this very valuable
body of privateers, and whether it were not practicable to oblige
them to betake themselves to planting, merchandizing, or service
in his Majesty's men-of-war. Finally, his Majesty bids him tell
Modyford that his purpose is out of hand to erect a Council
of Plantations, that may solely attend their improvement, to the
end that Modyford may furnish said Council with all lights suffi-
cient for their perfect information in relation to the government
which his Majesty looks upon as the most valuable he has, or at
least, capable of being made so. The Spanish men-of-war attacking
Capt. Barnard and others in the Bay of Campeachy is not at all to
be wondered at after such hostilities as your men have acted upon
their territories, and, because this way of warring is neither honour-
able nor profitable to his Majesty, he is endeavouring to pot an end
to it, and Modyford shall be timely advertised of the progress of
the negotiation. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. 27, pp. 42, 43.]
1670 ? 195. A brief memorial by Francis Moryson to Sec. Lord Arlington
concerning the dispute about the place of Auditor of Virginia. Is
desired from Virginia to state the whole dispute, and leave it to
his Lordship's decision. It was lately erected by the Grand
Assembly of Virginia and the salary paid by them. Duties of the
office. None to be admitted but one of the Council, and he to have
been long resident in the country. Captain Stegg, lately deceased,
one of the Council, the first admitted to it, confirmed by his
Majesty's grant. The nomination of all places left to the Governor,
who granted his commission to Edward Diggs, every way qualified
for it. Diggs' commission bore date long before it was granted to
Capt. Lightfoot, who is in all respects most improper for the place,
being no councillor nor inhabitant, and greatly in debt. It is
desired that Capt. Lightfoot lay down his grant [see ante, No. 192],
and that Edw. Diggs be continued in possession. 1 p. [CoL Papers,
Vol. XXV., No. 36.]
June 13. 196. Gov. Sir W. Berkeley to [Sec. Lord Arlington]. Preparations
Virginia. f or his voyage this next August to the West. Arrival of two
Indians, supposed to come 200 miles to the west of Virginia, who
say they will bring them to some of the English nation, but knows
they must be Spaniards " for they take all that are labelled like us
to be English." Advantages of finding a rivulet that runs west for
commerce. In favour of Edward Digges, who, 15 years since,
showed them the way of winding silk, that he may have a patent
or commission for the place of Auditor. 24- pp. [Col. Papers
Vol. XXV., No. 37.]
June 21-22. 197. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. Ordered, that the
Secretary and Provot Marshall publish to-morrow his Majesty's
patent to Win., Lord Willoughby, and his Excellency's commission
to Christopher Codrington to be Deputy Governor,
70 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
June 22. Ordered that writs be issued for choosing an Assembly which
is to meet at St. Michael's Town on Tuesday, 5th July next.
Also that his Majesty's letters to the Deputy Governor, Council,
and Assembly, his Majesty's patent to the Governor, and his
Excellency's commission to the Deputy Governor be recorded in
the Secretary's office. 1 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 11, pp. 185-
186.]
June [22]. 199. Grant to Edwin Steed of the office of Provost Marshall
General in Barbadoes and in all courts of judicature there, upon
surrender of said office by James Hamilton, (see ante, No. 187.)
Endorsed, 22 Junii 1670. [Dom. Chas. II. , Docquet.]
June 22. 200. Petition of John Farvacks of London, merchant, to the
King. Setting forth all that has taken place in reference to a
debt due from Edmund Scarborough of Virginia to his late father,
and his refusal to comply with the orders already given, and
praying a.nother letter to the Governor of Virginia to compel him
to put in good security for. the payment thereof. Endorsed, " Rec d
22*. Read 23 June 1670. To be read in full Council." 1 p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 38.]
June 25. 201. Gov. Sir W. Berkeley to Sec. Lord Arlington. Recom-
mending Peter Jennings, who faithfully served his Majesty's
father, to be Attorney-General of Virginia, and that it may be
confirmed to him by his Majesty's particular grant [see No. 263].
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 39. J
June 25. 202. Governor Sayle to Anthony Lord Ashley, Little Exeter
Albemarie House, Strand. Hopes his Lordship has received an account of
AshleyViver *^ e Colony here in Carolina from himself, Mr. West, &c. Though
they are at present under some straits for want of provision
(incident to the best of new plantations), yet doubts not [the
Shaftesbury com i n g] OI> recruits from sundry places to which they have sent.
Papers. One thing lies very heavy upon them, the want of a godly and
and orthodox minister, which Sayle and many others have ever
lived under as the greatest of their mercies. In " my late country
of Bermudas" there is one Sampson Bond, heretofore of long
standing in Exeter College, Oxford, who was ordained by the late
Bishop Hall (of Exeter) and sent by a commission from the
Company to the Summer Islands in 1662, " under whose powerful
and soul-edifying ministry I have lived about eight years last
past " ; greatly grieved parting with his godly society and faith-
ful ministry. Mr. Bond has little respect from some who are
now in authority in Bermudas, and has been invited to Boston
and New York by the Governors there, and Sayle has also written
to liim to " come and sit down with us," which is the most hearty
request of the Colony in general, who were exceedingly affected
with his ministry all the time- they were in Bermudas, as was also
Sir John Yeamans, who promised to procure him a commission
from the King to make him their minister, but Sayle can hear
of nothing done, which emboldens him to beseech his Lordship " to
put on bowels of great goodness and compassion towards your
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
71
1670.
June 27.
Albemarle
Point , at
Key-awah.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
June 27.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
June 27.
Virgiiiia.
June 27.
Colony here in procuring a commission and competent salary for
him." Assures his Lordship that Mr. Bond is so well reported of
and beloved in the Caribbee Islands that were he minister here
it would gain hundreds of considerable persons to this place.
Takes his leave with the fixed purpose to the utmost during life
to further his Lordship's blessed design. l>., ivithseal. Endorsed
by John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 24.] See also
No. 302.
203. Joseph West to Lord Ashley. Gave him an account of
their proceedings in Carolina in his last of 28th May by the way
of Virginia, and how they came to quit Port Royal and to begin
their settlement at Key-awah. Has since sent to demand of the
Governor of St. Augustine the men who were detained there, his
Lordship's kinsman Mr. Rivers being one of them ; two more of
their men who went ashore contrary to orders detained by the
friar at St. Katherina, and being informed by the Indians that
there were ships at St. Augustine coming to surprise the English
shallop, she was forced to return to Key-awah, leaving those two
men more behind. Forced to send to Bermudas for a supply of
provisions, for fear the ship should miscarry at Virginia, for they
have but seven weeks' provision left, and that only peas at a pint
a day a man, the country affording them nothing, and they cannot
employ their servants as they would, because they have no victuals
for them. Corn, potatoes, and other things thrive very well, and
if they have timely supplies now they do not question but to'provide
for themselves next year, and that it will prove a very good settle-
ment and answer his Lordship's expectation. 1 p. Endorsed by
John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 25.]
204- Entry of the above (examined by John Locke) in the
" Carolina letter book belonging to the Earl of Shaftesbury." 1 p.
[Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 55, p. 2.]
205. Thos. Ludwell, Sec. to [Secretary Lord Arlington]. On
22nd May the Governor sent out a party of men to discover the
mountains, who returned after 18 days ; their discovery not con-
siderable, yet he gives an account of what they saw and conjecturec
to lie beyond; is very confident that the bowels of those barren
hills are not without silver or gold. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV.,
No. 40.]
206. Deposition of Cornelius Carstens, purser of the Mary and
Jane, Barnard Claesen Spierdyck, commander, before Leoline
Jenkins, Judge of the High Court of Admiralty of England. That
said ship, victualled for 18 months and laden with goods, was in
16(19 committed to the care of said Spierdyck for a voyage to
Jamaica and the West Indies, for account of Jacob Lucie, Samuel
Swynoke, John Bovey & Co. ; the true value of which ship and
cargo when taken amounted to 7,5ti6. Which ship and goods
were taken after four hours' :tout resistance, wherein the captain
and two men were killed, and the ship on fire in head and astern,
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
June 28.
Port Royal.
June 28.
Fort James,
New York.
June 29.
St. Jago de
la Vega.
June 29.
by Manuel Rivero, a Biscayan, commander of a Spanish private
man-of-war, in the Bay of Masinilla about the 27th February last.
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 41.]
207. Extract of a letter from Port Royal. The Spaniards have
landed to leeward, burnt many houses, taken prisoners, and marched
off. They last appeared off Wealthy Wood, but finding armed men
on the shore, stood off to sea. All the privateers are called in and
promised they shall not be liable to any arrest. Col. Morgan is
ordered by the Governor and Council to get together all the pri-
vateers, and, with the title of Admiral, burn, sink, and destroy all
ships that have done or intend anything to the prejudice of this
place, and land and disperse any forces that have any design this
way. The ships to leeward have taken one Watson, a Quaker, a
ketch belonging to this place, and a small barque. We talk of
nothing here but burning St. Jago de Cuba, being the first places
that granted out commissions against us. 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXV., No. 42.]
208. Declaration of Francis Lovelace, Governor of New York,
touching provision for a Minister. At the request of the Mayor
and Aldermen of this city, on petition of the elders and deacons
of the church for the encouragement of an able and orthodox
Minister, of which they are at present wholly destitute, to come
out of Holland. The Governor declares that such Minister shall
have 1,000 guilders Hollands money each year, a convenient dwelling-
house rent free, and firewood gratis ; said Mayor and Aldermen having
engaged to cause said salary to be levied yearly on the inhabitants
of the city and liberties. " This is a duplicate of the original taken
out of the records. Examined by me, Matthias Nicolls, Secretary."
2 pp. Printed in New York Documents, III., 189. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXV., No. 43.]
209. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Whereas by copy of
a commission sent by Win. Beck, Governor of Cura9ao, to Gov.
Sir Thos. Modyford, from the Queen Regent of Spain, dated 20 April
1669, her Governors in the Indies are commanded to make open war
against his Majesty's subjects, and that the Spanish Governors have
granted commissions and are levying forces against the English, and
in accordance with the last article of his Majesty's instructions to Gov.
Modyford " in this great and urgent necessity," it is ordered that a
commission be granted to Admiral Henry Morgan to be command er-
in-chief of all ships of war belonging to this harbour, and to attack,
seize, and destroy the enemy's vessels with powers herein set forth.
Also that upon an extraordinary alarm owners bring with them their
men slaves furnished with bills, axes, and other necessary tools for
building huts, clearing ways, and other works. Said orders to be
published in the next full court in every quarter sessions within
this island. 4f pp. Two copies. [Col. Entry Bks., No. 34, pp. 196-
200, and No. 27, pp. 47-49.]
210. Another copy of the preceding Minutes of the Council of
Jamaica. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 44.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES,
73
1670.
July 2.
Jamaica.
July 2.
St. Jago de
la Vega.
211. Commission from Sir Thos. Modyford to Admiral Henry
Morgan. Whereas the Queen Regent of Spain has, by her royal
schedula dated 20th April 1669, commanded her Governors in the
Indies to make open war against the subjects of his Majesty ; and
Col. Pedro Bayona y Villa Nueba, Captain- General of Paraguay
and Governor of St. Jago of Cuba, has executed the same, and in
most barbarous manner landed his men on the north side of Jamaica,
firing all the houses and killing and taking all the inhabitants
prisoners they could meet with ; and the rest of the Governors are
diligently gathering forces to be sent to St. Jago, their rendezvous
and magazine, for invasion and conquest of this island ; by virtue
of full power from his Majesty and by advice of Council, Gov.
Modyford hereby appoints Henry Morgan commander-in-chief of
all the ships fitted or to be fitted for defence of this island, and of
the officers, soldiers, and seamen upon the same, and commands him
to get said vessels into one fleet, well manned, armed, and victualled,
and by the first opportunity to put to sea for defence of this island,
and to use his 'best endeavour to surprise, take, sink, disperse or
destroy the enemy's vessels, and, in case he finds it feasible, to land
and attack St. Jago or any other place where he shall be informed
are stores for this war or a rendezvous for their forces, and to use
his best endeavours to seize the stores and take, kill, or disperse the
forces. And all officers, soldiers, and seamen upon said vessels are
strictly enjoined both by sea and by land to obey said Henry Morgan
as their Admiral, and himself to follow such orders as he shall from
time to time receive from his Majesty, the Duke of York, or the
Governor. 1 1 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 45.]
212. Gov. Modyford's instructions to Admiral Henry Morgan.
With all expedition to publish and put in execution his commission.
To inform the Governor of his probable strength and wants. To
advise his fleet and soldiers that they are upon the old pleasing
account of no purchase 110 pay, and therefore that all which is got
shall be divided amongst them, according to the accustomed rules.
In case he attacks and takes St. Jago of Cuba, to keep that place
and country until he has received the Governor's further orders.
And in order to this, to proclaim mercy and enjoyment of estates
and liberty of conscience to all Spaniards that will submit to his
Majesty, and liberty to all the slaves that shall come in, and to such
as may deserve the same to give their fugitive masters' estates,
reserving to the crown of England one fourth of the produce, for
the maintenance of forces for defence. If he finds that course take
good effect, then to preserve the houses, sugar works, and canes ;
but if he cannot make good the place, and the Spaniards and slaves
are deaf to his proposals, then with all expedition to destroy and
burn and leave it a wilderness, putting the men slaves to the sword
and sending the women slaves hither to be sold for account of his
fleet ; such of the men slaves also as cannot speak Spanish or are
new negroes he may preserve for the same account ; or if any ships
present, to send them on same account for New England or Virginia.
To inquire what usage our prisoners have had, and what quarter
74
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
July 4.
Alhemarlc
Point.
Shaftesbnry
Papers.
July 6.
Jamaica.
July 6.
Jamaica.
has been given to ours, and give the same, or rather, as our custom
is, to exceed them in civility and humanity, endeavouring to make
all people sensible of his moderation and good nature and his inap-
titude and loathness to spill the blood of man. To execute martial
law for government of the fleet. In case any ships have not Gov.
Modyford's commission, to grant commissions to them, according to
same form, taking security of 1,000?. bond for performance. Ships
taken in this expedition to be disposed of for the best improvement
of this service, not suffering any to sell them till they come to the
commission port. 'All matters not provided for in these instructions
are left to his well-known prudence and good conduct. 2 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 46.]
213. " Mr. Owen's Parliament's return." The freeholders of
Albemarle Point have, by virtue of the Governor's order and sum-
mons, elected and chosen the persons hereafter named in order to
the establishment of laws for the present and better government of
the people within this Province, who, being added to the five persons
already in the Council, complete the number of 20, as is by the
Lords Proprietors institutions warranted and directed, viz. :
M;iurice Mathews, Henry Hughes, John Jones, Tho. Smith, Henry
Symons, Henry Woodward, Hugh Carteret, James Marscall, Anthony
Charne, Will. Kennis, George Beadon, Jonathan Barker, Thomas
Ingram, Thomas Norris, and Will. Owen. 1 p. [Shaftesbury
Papers, Section IX., No. 26.]
214. Gov. Sir Thos. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington. He
will find by the enclosed Order of Council that the Spaniard has
made sharp war on them, which occasioned the same, and which
they have no other way to justify, but by his Majesty's last
instruction therein recited. Desires his favour in procuring his
Majesty's ratification of what is done, as by said instruction is
promised. Sends also copy of the commissions granted against
them, in which is observable that the Queen's shedula was dated
2()th April 1C 69, and they would not yet have had knowledge of it
had not the good Governor of Cura$ao sent it. Has often hinted
to the late Lord General that it is the interest of the Spaniards and
whenever they are able they will endeavour to defeat this Colony.
It is possible the Spaniards with their great ships of 40 to 60 guns
may be masters of the sea and impede their trade, in which case
they must implore the assistance of his Majesty's frigates ; but on
shore they fear them not, but hope in time to fix the war in their
own country, to which his Lordship's advice and favour would
infinitely encourage. Encloses,
214. i. Minutes of Council held at St. Jago de la Vega, 29th June
1670. Gal, see ante No. 209.
214. II. Commission of war by the Spaniard against the English
in the West Indies. St. Jago de Cuba, 1670, Jan. 26-
Feb. 5. Spanish. See Cal., ante, No. 149. Together 3 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., Nos. 47.. 47 I. 11.]
215. Copy of preceding letter without the enclosures. [Col.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
75
1670.
July 6.
Jamaica.
July 13.
Whitehall.
216. Gov. Sir Thos. Modyford to Lord Ashley. Having formerly
received his Lordship's commands, and heard that he has very
affectionately inquired after him, and having few friends at court,
and knowing the great respect his Lordship hath always borne to
righteous causes and his great integrity and resolution in defending
them, in this his own great undertaking implores his Lordship's
countenance and assistance. His son will present papers in which
are many reasons for the present justice of their arms against the
Spaniard ; yet because it may be looked on as a fond rash action
for a petty Governor without money to make war with the richest,
and not long since the powerfullest, Prince of Europe, has thought
it reasonable to give his Lordship a short and true view of their
affairs here. The Spanish possessions are very large, but the pos-
sessors very few, and much the major part Indians, negroes and
other slaves, to whom it is indifferent who is their master ; for
example, Cuba is in length 600 miles, and not above six towns
on it, and those so far distant from each other that they cannot
be any relief to themselves ; the country abounds with cattle, hogs,
&c., and by this means our private men-of-war careen, refit, and
victual, without more charge than a gang of hunters and dogs, and
expect no other pay than what they get from the enemy. These
men, who may make about 1500, and never will be planters, he
has employed to keep the war in their own country, " and judge
you, my Lord, in this exigent, what course could be more frugal,
more prudential, more hopeful the men volunteers, the ships,
arms, ammunition their own, their victuals and pay the enemy's,
and such enemies as they have always beaten." The enemy, as
appears by the Queen's schedula, have been providing for this war
since April 1669, and probably longer ; their rendezvous is appointed,
and their ships have come upon our coast with fire and sword,
challenging us out to them ; so that should we have delayed for
orders from hi's Majesty, which must be six months at least, " that
nation would, if possible, be heightened above its native pride and
ours perhaps as much cowed, all their designs perfected, and the
gross of their intended forces embodied; whereas by this more
speedy course we shall in all probability quell their pride and so
amuse them in their own quarters as that they shall never be able
very considerably to join against us." Has reason to hope that this
war, thus unreasonably begun by them, will so heighten the repu-
tation of his Majesty's forces here that there will be a good foun-
dation laid for the great increase of his Majesty's dominions in
these parts ; yet far more dreads the censure of his friends and
countrymen on this occasion than the sword of the enemy, such
has been his hard fortune formerly on like occasions to have been
misrepresented ; and therefore begs his Lordship so to mediate with
his Majesty as that according to his instruction this proceeding may
have its due ratification. 1 \ pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 27, pp. 49-51.]
217. Warrant to the Attorney or Solicitor General. Whereas
Henry Edlyne, sometime of the parish of St. George's in Barbadoes,
planter, was executed for murdering his wife, and his estate became
76 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
forfeited to his Majesty, and whereas Gov. Wm. Lord Willoughhy
has, by an instrument under the seal of Barbadoes, dated llth
March 1668, granted to Francis Raynes and his heirs said estate,
consisting of 35 acres of land in said parish of St. George's, bounded
east and south by the lands of Catherine Thompson, west by the
lands of Wm. Martin, and north by the lands of William Butledge
and John Home, together with 10 negro slaves, and all houses, &c.
thereto belonging, it is his Majesty's pleasure that a Bill be prepared
to pass the great seal containing a grant and confirmation of the
same. 2 pp. \Dorn. Entry BL, Chas. II., Vol. 25, p. 17M-172.]
July 15. 218. The King to the Duke of York. Directing him forthwith
to give order for equipping a sixth-rate frigate to attend his Majesty's
service at Barbadoes and the Caribbees, and to carry down the
Commissioners who are to demand of the French that part of
St. Christopher's which the English formerly enjoyed, f p. [Dom.
Entry BL, Chas. II., Vol. 31, p. 55.]
July 25 219. Extracts out of the Register of the resolutions of the High
4 and Mighty Lords States General of the United Netherlands. On
and the report of the Lords Schimmelpening and others appointed
Aug. 11 Commissioners for the affairs of Surinam concerning the letter of
21. Heer Van Benningen, Minister Extraordinary in England, of the
_^.th July, and the draught of a letter to be sent by him to Governor
Lichtenberge of Surinam, it was resolved that said letter be sent,
viz. : The States-General to Governor Lichtenberge. By letters and
papers enclosed- he will understand that the States-General have
agreed with the King of Great Britain for removing of all complaints
of the English inhabitants of Surinam ; but as their former orders
differ in several things, these are to serve for an explanation. The
English are to enjoy all that is contained in said despatches and in
the capitulations, particularly the 5th and 19th articles concerning
liberty of departing at pleasure with their persons and transportable
goods ; and if they are not inclined to sell such things as serve for
making sugar, they may likewise carry them away, as also all their
slaves, except such as were bought since the surrender. Not to
exact anything for transportation. And in regard they have
accorded to said King freedom to send two merchantmen to make
said transportation and to continue in the Colony six weeks, and
to Major Bannister to go with a flyboat to fetch his family, slaves,
and goods, the merchantmen are to carry no cannon, and when
arrived at the fort he is without delay to make known that all
those English who will, may go with said ships, with their transport-
able goods, provided they give in their names within 10 days, and
such as shall not so give in their names to have liberty to depart
at any time. Major Bannister may go to his plantation in case the
Governor does not judge his presence may occasion any disorder.
His Majesty's Commissioners have no other authority than to see
that all is duly executed, but Gov. Lichtenberge is to take care that
the English Commissioners do not use any persuasions or threats to
induce any to depart. His power to prolong the time of six weeks
he will make use of as becomes an honest man. Hague, 26th
AMERICA AND WEST IK DIES.
77
1670.
July-4th August 1670. "Extract." August 11-21, 1670. Having
received a letter from the Sieur Van Benningen of 6-1 6th inst.,
importing that Sir John Trevor considered it most unreasonable
that what is fastened in the ground or nailed fast, such as great
kettles and the like, should not be included as transportable goods,
it was declared that kettles fastened by people upon their own
grounds and the like, which they can carry away, are to be included.
" This agreeth with the said register. N. Ruysch, Secretary."
Two copies. 9% pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., Nos. 48, 49.]
July 25- 220. Copies of the preceding resolutions of the States General
Aug. 4 and concerning Surinam. 4 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 77, pp. 20-
Aug. 11-21. 25.]
July 29.
July 30.
Jamaica.
July 30.
Jamaica.
July 30.
Nansamund
Kiver,
Virginia.
Sbaftesbury
Papers.
July
221. Warrant to the Clerk of the Signet. To prepare a Bill
making Abraham de Soza Mondes, an inhabitant of Jamaica, a
free denizen of England, but with a clause that he shall not enjoy
the benefit thereof until he has taken the oaths of allegiance and
supremacy before the Governor of the island. p. [Dom. Entry
Bk., Chas. IL, Vol. 25, p. 176.]
222. Gov. Sir Thos. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington. Has
proceeded to give the Admiral mentioned in the Order of Council
[see ante, No. 209,] his commission, and also commissions to 10
others to be of his fleet, which is already so considerable that
he will take the sea in 14 days, having appointed a rendezvous
for divers others ; of whose actions his Lordship shall have a
speedy account. Has obeyed his Majesty's despatch of 30th March
last (see ante, No. 165), and according to Mr. Povey's desire placed
Mr. Joachim Haines his deputy (as secretary). % p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXV., No. 47.]
223. Copy of the preceding letter. [Col. Entry Bk,, No. 27,
p. 44.]
224. Henry Brayne to [Sir Peter Colleton ?]. That he has drawn
a bill of exchange payable at sight upon him for SQL 15s. 6d.
sterling for goods shipped and moneys disbursed for his ship the
Carolina in furnishing her with a supply for his plantation at
Keyawah or Port Royal, which Maj.-Gen. Bennett has laid out
more than came to his hands from Sir Wm. Berkeley and Capt.
Godwin; also 10s. more for a boar delivered aboard and 10s. for
a bond for clearing the ship. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX.,
No. 27.]
225. The King's instructions to Edward Earl of Sandwich,
president, Richard Lord Gorges, William Lord Allington, Thos.
Grey, and Henry Brouncker, Sir Humphrey Winch, Sir John
Finch, Henry Slingesby, secretary, Silas Titus and Edmund Waller,
Commissioners for Foreign Plantations. To take minute informa-
tion of the state and government of the several Colonies, how the
commissions given have been carried out, the number of parishes
and of the planters and servants in each, and if any be overstocked
78
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Aug. 1.
Jamaica.
Aug. 7.
Port lloyal,
Jamaica.
with servants or slaves to consider the best means of conveying
them, to enforce justice without provocation to the neighbouring
Indians, receive any that desire into protection, have persons to
learn, their languages ; to order pains to be taken in the produce
of the best native goods and in their manufacture, in the breeding
of cattle, and in the growth of materials for shipbuilding. See
Warrant dated 18th Nov. 1670. 5 pp. [Col Entry BL, No. 93,
pp. 3-5.]
226. Gov. Modyfbrd's additional instructions to Admiral Henry
Morgan. Whereas nothing can be of greater prejudice to his
Majesty's affairs than the old lawless custom of the captains of
privateers going from the fleet with their vessels when they please,
on information of any such intention, proved before a court martial,
Admiral Morgan is to take from such persons their commissions
and confer them on others in whom the Admiral can confide ; and
in case any have actually departed without license, and afterwards
come within his power, to send same prisoners to the Provost
Marshal of Jamaica. Not to suffer any private soldier or seaman
to depart the fleet, or run from one ship to another, without license
under his hand. For the better keeping of the soldiers and seamen
to their obedience, to appoint lieutenants to captains of every
ship. To give the Governor due advice of his motions, success or
losses, that' he may send further instructions and assistance. 1 p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 50.]
227. Rich. Browne to Williamson. Has been 18 months at sea
with a dull and sluggish commander, and could seldom hear from
Jamaica or see any Spanish ships against whom he had commission.
Set sail from Jamaica Feb. 1669, and spent most of their time in
the Bay of Campeachy, taking nothing but a little provision, the
Spaniards now sailing in fleets and no ships falling in their way.
Weary of being so long at sea without purchase, they went towards
Caimanos to make some turtle, where they found orders from
Sir Thos. Modyford to make all speed for Jamaica. There they
found Sir Thos. had made peace with the Spaniards in May 1669,
and since it appears that the Spaniards made war with the English
and French in April 1669, according to copy of a commission
(enclosed, see ante, Nos. 149, 209) sent by the Governor of Curacao ;
by which the subtle dealings of Spaniards may appear, who by no
means will be brought to a free trade. Found that two Spanish
men-of-war had been on these coasts, burnt several houses, taken
some prisoners and provisions, and had left a challenge both in
Spanish and English ; on which account the Governor and Council
have made war with them, and Admiral Morgan is preparing a
fleet with 1,500 men for some notable design on land, and Browne
goes with him as Surgeon General, and will send a true narrative
of their proceedings. Finds various reports of a change of Govern-
ment here, hourly expected from England, and the most profitablest
place, that of secretary, taken from Mr. Morgan and conferred on
Mr. Povey, who is yet in England. Has ridden the whole length
of the island and been in most of the inhabitants' settlements and
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 79
1670.
collected what he can from them, and finds Sir Thos. Modyford
very well resented by the people for a wise, sober, honest, and
discreet man, as also Lt.-Col. Byndlosse ; Major Beeston, captain
of Port Royal Fort, is a well deserving person ; Sir Jas. Modyford
is not well resented by the people. Several persons in public
employ must be continued to direct others unexperienced in these
affairs ; for these Colonies cannot be regulated by the true letter of
the laws of England, but there must be a latitude left to the
prudent management of the Governor upon several emergencies.
Has been near two years in the island, and lost all in that unhappy
blow of the Oxford, and now has been 18 months at sea and not got
2d. ; hopes this design will do something. Is resolved to stay two
years longer to get up his losses ; beseeches him to beg of my Lord
[Arlington] for a recommendation to the Governor for employ on
shore here. Customer at Port Royal, which Sir Jas. Modyford has,
Clerk of the Court at Port Royal, which Mr. Lothill has, and Secre-
tary, which Mr. Povey has, are chiefest places of profit. A week
since he saw a letter from the Governor of Bermudas to Sir Thos.,
saying that the Spaniards had taken a vessel of that place and used
them very badly, and that 200 or 300 men should be ready from
thence to serve this island upon any design against the Spaniard.
Tortuga and the French upon Hispaniola have offered 500 or 600
men upon this expedition. This island is much increased with settled
families from Barbadoes, and more hourly expected, and has great
trade from all parts ; at present 20 or 30 merchant ships in harbour ;
in all probability the best settled and governed island in the Indies.
Begs him to remind my Lord to do something for him, and to present
his service to Lord Arlington and Sergeant Knights. 15 or 20
sail of third, fourth, or fifth rate frigates would overrun the whole
Indies in a very small time and add a splendid diamond to his
sacred Majesty's crown. Whilst they are absent the island will
be endangered, and it is heartily wished that his Majesty would
send some frigates to secure the merchants and people from the
insolencies of the Spaniards." Endorsed, Mr. Browne the chirurgeon.
3 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., JVo, 51.]
Aug. 8. 228. Rich. Browne to Williamson., About October 1669 off
Port Koyal, the Colorados on the coast of Cuba, they gave chase to a vessel
aica> which proved a Dutchman of Amsterdam, Captain Van Ducker
commander, who produced " the Sir Thos. Modyford let pass," but
that would not satisfy Capt. John Harmanson. Laboured what
he could to dissuade him, and told him that the Dutch and they
had had a long and sharp war, and were now offensive and defensive
against all nations, and that he utterly detested taking the worth
of a farthing from any nation in amity with his Majesty ; but he
would follow no advice, but took out of her 17 cases and " three
anchors of brandy " and drew a bill on his owners. Van Ducker
was cleared at Jamaica and sued Harmanson's security. Cannot
tell what came of it, but Capt. Harmanson for his misdemeanors
is now in prison. Van Ducker's ship was very leaky, and is since
broken up at Jamaica. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 52.]
80 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Aug. 9. 229. Gov. Sir Thos. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington. These
Jamaica, are chiefly to convey copies of his letters of 6th and 30th July,
and to assure his Lordship that on Friday next our Admiral will
sail for the guard of this island ; after which his Lordship shall
have an account of his success. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 47.]
Aug. 9. 230. Copy of the" preceding letter. [Col. Entry Bh, No. 27,
Jamaica. p. 44.]
Aug. 11. 231. Rich. Browne to Williamson. Since his last of the 8th
Port Royal, inst. one Mr. Stubbs has corne from England, who brought a large
Jamaica. p ac k e t f rom his Majesty to Sir Thos. Modyford : what it contains
is unknown. Omitted in his last " a grand mechiefe to every
person or rn cht in there letters, from there corespondents, w ch
every man takes up, and open stiffles (? stiffless, i.e. without cere-
mony ?) as they please, if an office from my Lord were establish*
for receipt of all letters, both comeing in and out, it would well
satistie the people " ; which employ he begs of his Lordship.
Understands there is due to his Majesty at least 6,OOOL per
annum, which never comes to his coffers ; which this bearer,
Edward Fulke, will make appear, with other necessary matters,
he having been resident in this island seven or eight years.
Endorsed, Rec. Nov. 1. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 53.]
[Aug. 16.] 232. Petition of divers merchants, inhabitants, and planters
relating to the island of St. Christopher's to the King. Whereas
his Majesty has appointed Commissioners for re-settling St. Chris-
topher's, and petitioners understand that several inhabitants of
Barbadoes are nominated, from whom they can expect no kindness,
some of them having been heard to say it were no matter if the
Leeward Islands were sunk, for they hinder the trade of Barbadoes.
Pray his Majesty to join in said commission Lieut.-Col. Russell
of Nevis, Major Smith of Nevis, Col. Clement Everard, Major
William Freeman, Capt. Philip Payne, Lt. John Estridge, or others
that have estates on the Leeward Islands. Signed by Geo. Gamiell,
Geo. Hill, Valentine Austen, Jos. Groves, Wrn. Baxter, Tho. Ball,
Wrn. Sewster, Hen. Lawrance, Arthur Hare, Rich. Baker, Hen. Bale,
Christ. Fletcher, Fran. Wingham, Nath. Robinson, Capt. Sam
Winthrop of Antigua, and Capt. Walter Simons of Nevis. With
reference from Sec. Lord A rlington to the Committee for Plantations
for their opinion. Whitehall, Aug. 16, 1670. Annexed,
232. I. Report of the Committee of Plantations on above petition.
Recommend, upon advice with Lord Willoughby and the
petitioners, that- Sir John Yeamans, Sir Tobias Bridge,
Col. Clement Everard, Lt.-Col. Randolph Russell, Major
Michaell Smith, Major William Freeman, Capt. Philip
Payne, Capt. Walter Symonds, and Lt. John Estridge
(whereof three to be a quorum) as fit persons to be em-
ployed for taking possession of that part of St. Christopher's
which is to be delivered by the French King. Signed by
Lord Sandwich, president, and six others. 1670, Aug. 22.
Together 2| pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 54.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 81
1670.
[Aug. 16.] 233. Copies of the above petition and report, with the following
mem. : 23rd August. Sent to Windsor to the Lord Arlington by
Dr. Clarke inclosed in a letter from Mr. Slingesby. [Col, Entry Bh,
No. 94, pp. 2, 3.]
Aug. 17. 234. Rules and Instructions for Win. Lord Willoughby's agents
Westminster. i n Barbadoes. Touching their accounts which are to be transmitted
and audited in England, according to the course of the Exchequer,
for the duty of 4^ per cent, granted to his Majesty, and all other
the profits in that island. Entered in the Journal of the Assembly
of Barbadoes of 28 February 1670-1. 2 pp. [Col. Entry Bk,
No. 13, pp. 39-41.]
235. Lord Willoughby's observations upon his Majesty's farm
of the 4 1 per cent, at Barbadoes. Has considered " the Book of
the Draught of the Farm of the 4 per cent, within the Island of
Barbadoes/ 1 and submits : That the ends mentioned in the Act for
raising the duty are for defraying [the charges of the Government
there, the public meeting of Sessions, the often attendance of the
Council, reparations and building of forts, Sessions House, Prisons,
&c., and all other public charges incumbent on the Government ;
whether therefore the farming of said duty be convenient, may
deserve their further consideration, for the reasons herein set
forth, viz., that the island will be much dissatisfied to see what
they have provided for themselves shipped for England, that in
case of war they will be unprovided with money or credit, and
that when those revenues were received in kind, his Majesty's
storehouses were never quite empty, and there was at least enough
to preserve Sir Tobias Bridge's regiment from starving. But in
case " the farmers do go on " then Lord Willoughby offers certain
other considerations, which are stated at length. As for Antigua,
Montserrat, and the other Leeward Isles, except Nevis, if they
should at present be farmed, it would in all probability ruin them.
3 pp. [Col Entry Bk., No. 5, pp. 122-124.]
Aug. 20. 236. Governor Lord Willoughby to the Speaker of the Assembly
of Barbadoes. Has hitherto spent all his time in attendance in
order to their service, and effected little ; 'tis possible they may
wonder he has not done more, as in their letter of 30th Sept. 1669,
they persevere in opinion that their addresses were necessary to be
granted, though their fellow planters here were of another opinion.
Must therefore deal plainly with them as hitherto he has done. It
is not unknown to them what complaints the Royal [African] Com-
pany made about 12 months since against the whole Island of
Barbadoes, and though Gov. Willoughby justified their laws to be
authentic enough for the recovery of just debts, if factors and
solicitors were not negligent, yet this stands still as a crime against
them in the opinion of the Court, and the many complaints of the
traders force him to be unfortunate with them, by just dealing to
take off that scandal, else their trade will decay with their credit,
which is very much impaired by the bad sugars sent thence, full
70 per cent, worse than Jamaica muscovados. Desires them to
U 51912. v
82 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
make or revive laws whereby all just debts may, without delay, be
recovered, and merchantable sugar made by all, which nothing but
the old Act of appraisement renewed will effect. His Majesty has
now commissioned a President and Council to consider of all his
West India Colonies, viz., the Earl of Sandwich, President, and
Lord Arlington, Lord Gorges, Thomas Grey, Henry Brouncker, Sir
Humphrey Winch, Sir John Finch, Mr. Waller, Capt. Titus, and
Mr. Slingsby, the Council. Is informed that the last Assembly
passed some votes contrary to his expectation, and particularly one
for disposal of the 4^ per cent, towards the payment of the matrosses ;
but till his Majesty order their payment out of that fund, they ought
not to meddle therewith, lest they bring a greater inconvenience on
the island than they may imagine. Thankfully takes notice of their
good liking of his Deputy Governor, and hopes to prove as successful
in his own endeavours for their service. Read at a Meeting and
entered in the Journal of the Assembly of Barbadoes, 1 5th Novem-
ber 1670. 2 pp. [Col. Entry Bh, No. 13., pp. 4-6.]
Aug. 20. 237. Gov. Sir Thos. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington. Has
Jamaica, with much comfort and satisfaction received his welcome letter of
12th June, and although he is therein absolved of but one of
those many imprudences laid to his charge, yet he promises himself
that those other are also charitably buried in oblivion. His
Majesty's commands have infinitely revived his despairing heart.
His Majesty's orders touching the privateers came to his hands
the 13th inst., whereupon he sent for the Admiral, who had sailed
the day before out of this harbour, and told him his Majesty's
pleasure, strictly charging him to observe the same, and behave
with all moderation possible in carrying on this war. He replied
that he would observe these orders as far as possible, but necessity
would compel him to land in the Spaniards' country for wood,
water, and provisions, or desert the service, and that unless he
were assured of the enemy's embodying or laying up stores in
their towns, for the destruction of this island, he would not attempt
any of them ; which (added he) could his Majesty have been
acquainted with, he would (as all believe) have had no injunction
to spare such a place. He sailed next day to Bluefields, on the
way to the rendezvous, where they expect him to be in a better
posture than ever any fleet that went out of this island, those
rugged fellows having submitted to a stricter discipline than they
could ever yet be brought to. That the Spaniards will never,
unless necessity compel them, allow trade in these parts, his Lord-
ship has often advised, neither did Modyford ever think they
would employ the English privateers, unless the French and Dutch
should endeavour to oppress them ; but believes, on view of the
Queen of Spain's schedula, they had hopes of French assistance
against the English. But that will prove vain, for the French,
partly because the Governor denied commissions against the
Spaniard, but principally because he has joined with the Royal
Company of France to impose some unusual duties on them, have
rebelled and driven him from the shore, seized his estate and done
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1670
him all the injuries they could. Both parties have applied to
Modyford for assistance, but he has been equally civil to each and
promised nothing, only has advised Admiral Morgan to assure the
Protestant party of a good welcome here if they come to plant.
Had that reputed most wise Council of Spain suspended their
resentment but two years longer, most of our privateers had
betaken themselves to some other way of living, for their rigging,
sails, and ships were almost worn out, and their owners disheartened
for want of commissions, so that the better sort daily came on
shore to settle, and the seamen who will never settle began to
dispose themselves on merchant voyages, and would much more
willingly on his Majesty's ships were they in these seas, two or
three of which will be needed, if the peace proceed, to secure the
island against those rovers who will be always found in these
parts by reason of the great conveniences they have in the
Spaniards unpeopled countries, so that in one year longer they
would have been very considerably reduced had not these unex-
pected provocations enforced his Majesty's authority here to provide
for the security of this island by their best expedient. That by
the same means when the peace is concluded, which Modyford
can but faintly hope for, namely, denying them commissions only,
these men may be in some reasonable time diverted from that
course which has hitherto been their sole support, is his humble
advice ; other more violent ways will but make them in despair
or revenge join with foreign nations or set up for themselves,
which course had Modyford followed they would now be enemies
or at best not friends, and he should have dearly repented the
want of that assistance, security, and reputation we now gain by
them. Could the Council of Spain be well informed of their want
of men to defend their large possessions in these parts, they would
conclude themselves incapable of destroying Jamaica and make
peace ; but they are borne up with false measures of their strength
and have plunged themselves into this war, and so slight the
application of Sir W. Godolphin ; but a little more suffering will
inform them of their condition and force them to capitulations
more suitable to the sociableness of man's nature. Cannot too
much celebrate his Majesty's care in erecting a particular Council
for these West India Plantations ; for whose information he will
contribute his whole talent by the next, and also endeavour to
send a survey of the island, which was so thinly inhabited till
the end of the Dutch war that he was both afraid and ashamed
to send it, lest it might fall into the enemy's hands ; but now
they are so well as it matters not if it were printed. Has charged
the Admiral to send him an account of his strength, and from
time to time of his motions and intentions, which shall be remitted
to his Lordship by the first occasion. Cannot conclude till he
represents how great his distractions were at the frequent advices
of his Lordship's displeasure, and what the effects were like to
be, and how much he is overjoyed at this glimpse of the return
of his favour. 2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 55.]
F 2
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Aug. 20.
Jamaica.
Aug. 23.
Parham.
Aug. 25.
Port Eojai.
Aug. 31.
St. Jago de
la Vega.
Sept. 1.
238. Copy of preceding letter. [Col. Entry Bk, No. 27, pp. 51-
53.]
239. Minutes of Council of Antigua. Present, Capt. Saml.
Winthrop, Lt.-Col. Sebastian Bayer, and Serjt.-Major Nathaniel
Clerke. Ordered, that Jno. Vcrnon, clerk in the secretary's office,
deliver up all the records to Jno. Parry and George Gowes,
appointed clerks to the Council, on the decease of Capt. Francis
St. John, late secretary ; and tKat seeing there is no ordained
minister on this island, each justice of the peace may join in
matrimony any persons whose names three several weeks have
been set to public view in the secretary's office. \ p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXV., No. 55*.]
240. Edward Stanton to Col. Thos. Lynch. All his friends
here are well except Capt. Brown who has been for some time
very ill. Rivera had lately a design to attempt Port Morant, at
least Lynch's plantation, which he intended to burn in the night
and take the negroes, but meeting with a Frenchman, is gone to
St. Jago; this design was learnt from English prisoners brought
away by the Frenchman, and that 42 Spanish negroes from
Jamaica have got safe to Cuba. Our fleet, though gone out, will
not be ready for their design for two months, and then he hopes
will meet with Rivera, who they say is afraid of the very shadow
of a ship. Capt. Atkins is lately dead. Our " Mompose fleet " some
few leagues from the town were ambushed and lost several men
and forced to return to their ships. Hears the fleet will consist
of 27 sail, French and English, and about 1,500 men. To Car-
thagena the word. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 56.]
241. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Capt. Hender Moles-
worth sworn one of his Majesty's Council. Ordered, because of the
great " dryeth " whereby the cocoa trees have been in most places
blasted, the indigo starved in the ground, and the canes yield far
less than formerly, and also because of the war with the Spaniard,
that the Judges of the Courts of Common Pleas, excepting only the
Judges of Port Royal, adjourn their respective courts until January
next. Order for settling the bounds of several parishes on the
north side of this island. 3 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 34, pp. 201-
203.]
242. Order of the Governor and Council of Jamaica. Whereas
the people called Quakers living at Port Royal have given several
reasons why they cannot against their consciences bear arms, by
which they seem very obstinate in that matter, which reasons are
looked upon as weak and frivolous and dangerous and destructive
to all government, yet out of compassion and pity to those poor
misled people, and out of respect to the gentlemen and merchants
living in that town, who by a late order of court-martial are ordered
to guard every night in person, it is hereby ordered that such
person who pays three able and sufficient soldiers shall be excused
from his personal watching, otherwise said order of court-martial
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
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Sept. T V
London.
Sept. T V
London.
Sept. ?
Shaftcsbury
Papers.
to be put in execution, as also the statute for regulating the militia
and against those who have not constantly in their houses the
quantity of powder and ball, arms and other necessaries therein
appointed. 2 pp. [Col. Entry Sk., No. 34, pp. 203-205.]
243. Memorial of the French Ambassador Colbert concerning
American commerce. Has received orders to assure the King of
England that in the execution of the edict of 10th June last
concerning the commerce of America nothing shall be done contrary
to the good intelligence his most Christian Majesty will maintain
with the King of England ; and that English ships shall receive
in all places under his Majesty's obedience all the good treatment
they receive from the English themselves, on condition that they
shall not trade in the islands of America. Besides the orders
already sent to De Baas, his Christian Majesty's Lieut.-General, letters
have again been written to him ; but as complaints are often
received from thence of the small assistance and even ill-treatment
of the French by the English, the French Ambassador desires the
King to renew his orders to his commanders in Jamaica, Barbadoes,
and other islands and places in America, to assist the French as
much as they can, to maintain good correspondence with his
Christian Majesty's commanders, and compose all petty differences
between the two nations, leaving the decision to the two Kings
where they cannot agree. Endorsed, Read at the Foreign Com-
mittee, 10th Sept. 1670. French. 2^ pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV.,
No. 57.]
244. English translation of the preceding. Endorsed, Received
from Mr. Bridgman, 16 Sept. 1670. 2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV.,
No. 58.]
245. Governor Sayle and Council at Ashley River to the Lords
Proprietors of Carolina. Since writing their former letter by way
of Virginia they have sent to demand the captain of the sloop
and the rest of their men detained by the Spaniards, and gave
strict orders to those who were sent not to trust themselves with
the Spaniards, but some of them being deluded by the friars at
Sta. Katharina went ashore, and so two more men are lost, Joseph
Bailey and John Collins. Can get no answer either from the
Governor of St. Augustine or the Friar, so desire their Lordships
directions how to demean themselves in this matter. Two of the
Council having acted in said embassy contrary to instructions,
have been suspended from the council table. Have not above
one month's provisions in the Colony, so are forced to send the
sloop to the Summer Islands for provision to keep their people
from perishing and to charge bills upon their Honours' agents at
Barbadoes to pay sugar for the provisions taken up at the Summer
Islands. Their necessities are so great that they must either do
this or desert the settlement, which were a great pity, for Sayle
is confident there was never a more hopeful design set on foot;
he has been in several places, but never was in a sweeter climate
than this. They have discovered abundance of good land, and believe
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COLONIAL PAPERS.
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Sept. 9.
Albemarle
Point.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
there is good land enough for millions of people to live and work
on. There is nothing planted but thrives very well ; some flax
sowed thrives very well ; good wine, tobacco, silk, and all sorts
of English grain and manufactures may be plentifully produced,
and Gov. Sayle conceives the land will bear sugar canes. In
10 or 12 years doubtless their Honours may have return from
hence suitable to their great expenses, therefore they beseech that
they may employ the ships to fetch more people, that the design
may not fall for want of an industrious management, which a little
more expense will preserve. They use their utmost endeavours
for the advancement of their Honours' interests, and have written
to the Summer Islands and New England to gain what people
they may to promote the design. Signed by William Sayle, Flor.
O'Sullivan, Joseph West, Step. Bull, Paul Smyth, Ralph Marshall,
Samuel West, and Jos. Dalton, secretary. Endorsed by John Locke.
[Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 42.]
246. Governor Sayle and Council to Anthony Lord Ashley and
the rest of the Lords Proprietors of Carolina. For some time
since the despatch of the Carolina from this place to Virginia
and the sloop to Bermuda for provisions and supplies they have
been put to purchase their maintenance from the Indians; party
of Indians sent by the Spaniards against them near the river's
mouth, who on the return of the Carolina fired upon Henry Brayne
and his company although they showed him a white flag. Mounted
their great guns and fortified and put themselves in a reasonable
good posture to receive them, also sent out a party of friendly
Indians to discover their camp, but the Spanish Indians had then
retreated. The safe arrival of the Carolina with provisions for
eight months has much encouraged the people ; so hope to defend
their .Lordships' interests and their own rights till they receive
further aid, which they very much stand in need of. Have
despatched the Carolina to Barbadoes, where they understand is a
considerable number of people ready to be shipped for this place,
which will conduce much to their own safety and the ease of
their people, who have been too much overprest with watching
already. Have not lost above four people, who died from distempers
usual in other parts. Supply of all sorts of stores wanted, especially
clothing, as the winter is like to prove pretty sharp ; also 10 barrels
of powder. Have received cows and hogs from Virginia, but at an
immoderate rate, 30s. for a hog which might be bought in England
for 10s. Suggest that a small stock be kept at Bermuda. The
Bahama Islands being lately settled and as yet no patent, may
be worth their Lordships' notice. In great want of an able minister,
by whose means corrupted youth might be very much reclaimed,
the people instructed, and the Sabbath and service of God not
neglected. The Israelites' prosperity decayed when their prophets
were wanting, for where the ark of God is there is peace and
tranquillity. Pray the want thereof may never be known to their
Lordships or this place. Signed by Wm. Sayle, Flor. O'Sullivan,
Ste. Bull, Jos. West, Win. Scrivenor, Ralph Marshall, Paul Smyth,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
87
1670.
Samuel West, and Jos. Dalton, secretary. 2 pp. Endorsed by
John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 31.]
[Sept. 9.] 247. Governor Sayle and Council at Ashley River to [Lord
Ashley], Certify at his request that Joseph Dalton was elected
one of the Council, and that in confidence of his abilities and
integrity they have appointed him secretary and register for this
Colony. For a continuance or any grant thereof they have directed
him to his Lordship. Signed by William Sayle, Step. Bull, Joseph
West, Will. Scrivenor, Flor. O'Sullivan, Ralph Marshall, and Samuel
West. Endorsed by John Locke, " Council at Ashley River recom-
mendation of J. Dalton to be secretary and register. 9 Sept. 70."
[Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 29.]
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Sept. 9.
Alhemarle
Point.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
248. Jos. Dalton to Anthony Lord Ashley, Chancellor of the
Exchequer, at Whitehall. His Lordship has had a full account of
the harbours, situations, and hopefulness of this place, which indeed
deserves no other than an excellent commendation. The Colony is
indeed safely settled and with a very propitious aspect, there only
remains the preservation of it, which consists chiefly in two things,
careful supplies and a wise politic government, which two diamonds
he has borrowed for this structure from the ruins of other settlements
of this nature of the English especially, who have been very
unsuccessful of late, which he thinks might very easily have been
prevented and a free disbursement of a penny in the morning
have saved a pound at night. Recommends the employment of
a ship of considerable burthen for three or four years to transport
people and their goods to this place gratis, they finding their own
provisions, and that there be a perfect store of all necessaries
belonging to a new settlement till the people have a produce
of their own ; hunger-starved infancy seldom produces strong
maturity, consumptions may be reasonably prevented, but charge-
ably recovered. Servants' apparel is chiefly wanted. Represents
the charge that lies upon government in this place, chiefly in
reference to the clandestine actions of the Spaniards, who "start
blood with a prick at a thousand miles distance," the principal
grudge of the Spaniards against them, according to the estimate
of Hen. Woodward, our interpreter, who had a good opportunity
during his confinement at St. Augustine to discover the truth.
The people in very good plight, especially since provisions came
from Virginia, but are unable to discharge their duties to the
Lords Proprietors by these alarms, being more like soldiers in a
garrison than planters ; advises a favourable mitigation of freight
for their goods. Hears of the loss of the Port Royal upon the
Bahama Islands, but the truth is not yet manifested. Absolute
necessity of a speedy despatch of ships to this place ; his Lordship
may know by a penny how a shilling is coined ; his desire is only
to give a hint or be as a spark for a nobler flame. Begs his
Lordship will pardon a pen stupefied with zeal for the prosperity
of Carolina. The Governor and Council having conferred upon
him the office of secretary and register for this Colony, he desires
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COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
he may be treated with the same favour as the first adventurers,
being one of the first that set forward this design, and that as
he has struggled through the worst, so may he have a small share
of the better. Very little paper in the Colony, most of it being
lost and damnified in the voyage. No provision being made for
his office, there is not one book wherein to record anything, one of
considerable bulk in folio especially wanted to register grants in.
Freedom of trade for seven years should be published in England
to invite planters. 2 pp. Endorsed by John Locke, [Shaftesbury
Papers, Section IX., No. 30.]
Sept. 9. 249. Entry of the preceding in "Carolina letter book."
Shaftesbury [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 55, pp. 12, 14, 16, 18, 20.]
Sept. 9.
Albemarle
Point.
Sbaftesbury
Papers.
250. Flor. O'Sullivan to [Lord Ashley]. Wrote a particular
account of all things by the Carolina by the way of Virginia, but
is doubtful whether it came to his hands. The country proves
good beyond expectation, abounding in all things, as good oak,
ash, deer, turkeys, partridges, rabbits, turtle and fish, and the land
produces anything that is put into it, they have tried it with corn,
cotton, and tobacco and other provisions, which prove very well ;
it is also stored with peaches, strawberries, and other pleasant
fruits. They are settled at Key-awah, 20 leagues to the northward
of Port Royal, which did not prove according to reports, and have
built their town upon Albemarle Point, seated upon the river
called by them Ashley River, where they are fortifying themselves.
Has made several discoveries into the country, and cannot give a
better character of it than it deserves. Are humbly thankful for
store of provisions, for they were forced to live upon the Indians,
who were very kind to them. Their ship about going to Barbadoes,
from whence they expect more people and fresh supplies. Expect
a ship from England with more people ; the Lords Proprietors
would do well to grant a free passage to passengers for some
time. Pray send us a minister qualified according to the Church
of England. Hope the worst is past if their Lordships will stand
by them. Instructions should be sent to lay out the land to the
people as it lies, that the good and the bad may go together, by
which means people will not inhabit at a distance. Account of
the taking of Mr. Rivers and others by the Spaniards at Sta.
Katherina, where they still remain. Sir John Yeamans left them
at Bermuda, where was taken one Col. Sayle for Governor.
O'Sullivan procured there 20Z. in provisions, which assisted the
people very much. Is sorry to give account of the loss of the
Port Royal upon the Bahama Islands, all being lost but the master
and two or three men. Desires his Lordship to order the Governor
and Council what he is to have for salary, for according to their
proposals he is not able to live; the country is troublesome to
survey, and 107 is little enough for a thousand, which is all he
desires. Complains of Capt. Brayne for refusing to carry pipe
staves to Barbadoes for him. Desires Lord Craven would appoint
Ralph Marshall one of the Council, his deputy, Mr. Bowman having
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
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Sept. 9.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Sept. ?
Shaftesbury
Papers.
left them in Ireland. Endorsed by John Locke. {Shaftesbury
Papers, Section IX., No. 34.]
251. Entry of the preceding in " Carolina Letter Book."
[Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 55, pp. 20, 22, 24.]
252. Note [in the handwriting of John Locke] of provisions
at Ashley River. 140 men had seven weeks provisions from
25th June, which is to the middle of August. At Barbados are
thirty barrels of 200 bushels of flour and twenty barrels of about
4,500 Ibs. of beef, which is provision for 140 men 90 days more,
which is to the middle of November. The Carolina had from
Virginia the produce of a cargo of 270?. ; what that is I cannot
tell, but if we are not cheated cannot be less than six months, which
is to the middle of May. Besides all this they have crop, which
if it produce according to Virginia will at least 1,000 bushels of
Indian corn, besides roots and beans, which crop I judge was ripe
by the middle of August. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX.,
No. 28.]
253. Governor Sayle to Lord Ashley. Sends a relation of the
country of which his honour has the happiness to be a Proprietor ;
a more healthful, fruitful, and pleasant place the world doth not
afford. Beseeches him to be mindful in sending supplies and more
people to strengthen them against their enemies, for the Spaniard
watcheth only for an opportunity to destroy them ; also a pink
of about 80 tons, for one vessel is not sufficient to attend them.
Refers to their general letter for a more particular account. 1 p.
Endorsed by John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 32.]
Sept. 10. 254. Entry of the preceding in the " Carolina Letter Book
belonging to the Earl of Shaftesbury." [Shaftesbury Papers,
Section IX., No. 55, p. 8.]
Sept. 10.
Albemarlc
Point.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
255. " Mr. Cartaret s relation of their planting at Ashley River."
Sailing from Bermuda 26th February, they came up with the land
between Cape Romana and Port Royal, and in 17 days the long-
boat went ashore ; friendliness of the natives, who made signs
where they should best land and stroked them on their shoulders
saying " Bony conraro Angles," gave them brass rings and tobacco.
Brought the ship next day to anchor in a handsome channel.
The Governor, whom they took in at Bermuda, with several others
went ashore to view the land some three leagues distance. Carried
ashore by the Indians, who gave them the stroking compliments
of the country and brought deer skins to trade with, for which
they gladly took knives, beads, and tobacco ; food made by the
women, " a pretty sort of bread," and hickory nuts, a walnut in
shape, brought by them. Came to the hut palace of his Majesty
of the place, who took the Governor on his shoulders and carried
him into the house in token of his cheerful entertainment, where
they had nuts and root cakes and water, for they use no other
liquor. While there the King's three daughters entered the palace,
all in new robes of new moss, which they are never beholden to
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COLONIAL PAPERS.
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Sept. 12.
Albemarle
Point.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
the tailor to trim up, with plenty of beads of divers colours about
their necks. Could not imagine that the savages could so well
deport themselves, coming in according to their age, saluting the
strangers and stroaking them. Understanding their business to
St. Helena, these Indians told them the Westoes were a ranging
O O
sort of people reputed to be man-eaters, and had ruinated that
place, killing the Indians and destroying their habitations, and that
they had done the like at Keyawah, the Casseeka of which place
was within one sleep (24 hours) of them. Leaving that place
called Sowee, and carrying the Casseeka of Keyawah with them, a
very ingenious Indian and a great linguist, they sailed to the south-
ward of Port Royal and entered the river (the opening of which
did not appear to them as Col. Sandford related). Explorations and
soundings. Cannot say much of the channel, being but a landsman,
but the Governor, Capt. Brayne, and himself (Mr. Carterett) took
the longboat upon discovery, of which Capt. Brayne will give a
more perfect account than he can ; a small kind of whale plentiful
in this river, some say of the sperm kind. Weighed from Port
Royal river and ran in between St. Helena and Combohe, where
they lay at anchor. Gladly received by the Indians, who hoped to
be protected from the Westoes and brought venison and skins for
trade ; fertility of the land at St. Helena, where was a mile and a
half of clear land ready to plant. Oysters in great plenty, though
not so pleasant to the taste as your Wallfleet oyster ; also wild
turkeys far bigger than our tame ones. The sloop bought at
Bermuda was despatched to Keyawah to view that land so much
commended by the Casseeka, and brought back a report that the
land was more fit to plant in than at St. Helena, which begot a
question whether to remove thither, the Governor adhering to
Keyawah and most being of a temper to follow, though they knew
no reason for it, imitated the rule of the inconsiderate multitude
and cried out for Keyawah, yet some dissented ; thus we came to
Keyawah, where the land is as much as one as at St. Helena.
4 pp. Endorsed as above by John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers,
Section IX , No. 23.]
256. Governor Sayle and Council to Lord Ashley and the rest of
the Lords Proprietors of Carolina. Cannot omit to lay before them
the difficulties which Dr. Woodward [hath met with] from the
first discovery of these parts, and of the settlement here, with he
great use he stands us in at present. The great love and courtesy
with which he is treated by the Indians, how he was surprised
by the Spaniard at St. Helena and taken prisoner to St. Augustine,
which being surprised by Serle, Woodward was carried to the
Leeward Isles, where he shipped surgeon of a privateer, but was
cast away 17th August 1669 in a hurricane at Nevis, where, we
happening to touch, Woodward manifested his ready inclination to
promote their Lordship's service in this expedition. By constant
travelling and enquiry amongst the natives, who are greatly affected
towards him, he is able to give a more exact account of the dis-
covery of several places and rivers than ever they heard before.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
91
1670.
Sept.
Albenaarle
Point at
Keyawah.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Sept.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
He has lately been fourteen days' journey westward as far as the
fruitful country of Chafytachyque, the Emperor, who highly ap-
proved a true league and friendship with the English, and sent
presents by the doctor on his return, and is himself expected in
person in forty days. The doctor hath been lately very useful in
dealing with the Indians for supplies, and would have embarked
this time for England but that they cannot well dispense with his
absence from the Colony because of his familiar acquaintance
amongst the natives, and his knowledge of their language. Signed
by William Sayle, Joseph West, Will. Scrivenor, FJor. O'Sullivan,
Ralph Marshall, and Jos. Dalton, secretary. 1 p. Endorsed by
John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 36.]
257. Joseph West to Lord Ashley at Little' Exeter House in the
Strand. Refers to his last of 27 June [see ante, No. 203.] Has heard
nothing as yet of their men who went to Sta. Katherina to look
for his Lordship's kinsman, Mr. Rivers, and the rest of the men
detained there by the Spaniards. Have oftentimes been alarmed
by them, and by Indians, who were within 12 miles of our settle-
ment when the ship came from Virginia on 23rd August, but the
noise of their great guns struck such a terror upon the Indians that
the Spaniards could not persuade them to come upon the settle-
ment. Provisions and live cattle brought by the ship from
Virginia. They have not yet taken up any land but what joins
the town, and. that at 10 acres per head, because they will not
separate before more people come. Mr. Brayne says many people
are in readiness to come from Barbadoes, so a ship has been des-
patched thence so as to be here again before the winter. They
have already well fortified themselves. The people continue very
well in health and the country seems to be very healthful, and
delightsome, and corn and other things planted at their first coming
thrive very well, only the garden seeds, which were not good, but
believes the ground will bear anything that is put in it, and that it
is as hopeful a design as ever was put on foot. Our Governor is
very aged, and hath much lost himself in his government, and
would have caused a Parliament amongst them altho' they could
not make 20 freemen in the Colony besides the Council, and had
made an order for it had not they who were Deputies and some
few of the Council vigorously withstood it. Doubts he will not be
so advantageous to a new Colony as they did expect. Hopes his
Lordship will send him new instructions for the disposal of the
Proprietors stores, for the Governor says that those signed by his
Lordship and Sir Peter Colleton are not sufficient. Has sent to
Sir Peter for a present supply of stores ; they are grown short in
many things, which he hopes will be sent in the spring. Has
taken four servants into his Lordship's service, belonging to Capt.
Bayley, and shall keep them and Maj. Hainbleton's until further
orders. Endorsed by John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section
IX., No. 38.]
258. Entry of the proceeding in the " Carolina Letter Book."
[SJiaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 55, pp. 10, 11.]
92
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Sept. 12.
Albemarle
Point.
Shaftesbnry
Papers.
Sept. 12.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
259. Stephen Bull to " the Lord Ashley Cooper at Exeter House
with my duty present." Sent in his last letter a full relation of
their voyage from Bermuda and what was discovered at Port Royal
and this place, with such reasons as he could obtain from the
Governor for deserting Port Royal, which, in the judgment of Bull
and several other gentlemen, was very much inviting for a settle-
ment and admirable good land. This place is very good land, and
with his honour's encouragement in sending ships and supplies
during their infancy, there is no question to be made but that it is
likely to be one of the best settlements in the Indies. Recommends
the granting a free passage for a year or two to persons coming
from Barbadoes and the Leeward Isles, they would then in a short
time be well peopled. The country is fit for any produce, and
everything planted thrives beyond expectation. He brought hither
orange and lemon trees, also lime, pomegranate, and fig trees, and
plaintains, and they thrive and flourish very bravely. This is as
healthful a place as ever was settled, but four persons lost, and
they in a declining condition before they landed. They have lately
taken up in a semi-circle about the town 10 acres a head, and have
chosen in this river above and below the town their great lots.
There is land sufficient here for some thousands of people, where
they may make very brave and happy settlements. Scarcity of
provisions when the Carolina sailed for Virginia in May last, not
above two months' provisions at a pint of peas a man per diem ;
received great assistance from the Indians, who sold them provisions
at very reasonable rates, and taking notice of their necessities,
brought them daily one thing or another ; they seem to be very
well pleased at our settling here, expecting protection from other
sort of Indians called the Westoes, which has been promised. Dr.
Woodward has travelled 10 days up into the Main to see the
Emperor of this part of the Indians, who made him very welcome,
and sent down skins to our Governor, and made a firm league of
friendship and that he would visit us in 10 days. About 200
Spaniards and 300 Indians from about St. Augustine came within
six miles of us, but the Carolina frigate arriving, they withdrew
their camp and marched home after some 30 in ambuscade had
fired at Capt. Brayne, who received no hurt. In their camp was
found a vizor representing an Indian, which it is conceived was to
keep some Englishman with them undiscovered. The Governor ill
with feaver and ague, and being aged, his recovery is very much
feared ; he hath acted or endeavoured to act several things which
have not been altogether agreeable to the concessions, but it is
rather imputed to self will and weakness than to any other design
or his own interest. Complaints against Capt. O'Sullivan, a very
dissentious troublesome man in all particulars and exacts strangely
for fees. Mr. Rivers having been taken by the Spaniard, and his
employment void, would be glad to serve in the same capacity.
Endorsed by John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX.,
No. 35.]
260. Entry of the preceding in " Carolina Letter Book." [Shaftes-
bury Papers, Section IX., No. 55, pp. 26-34,]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
93
America,
lat. 31,
45 min.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
1670.
Sept. 15. 261. William Owen to Lord Ashley. Although something to the
Ashley River, northward of Port Royal, considers they have made choice for the
better, having pitched upon a point defended by the main river with
a creek on one side and inaccessible marsh on the other which at
high tides is overflown, this is now pallisaded and with a very small
charge might be made impregnable. Thinks he shall not very much
err in saying that a good inlet, a healthy country, security and
seasonable supplies perform a settlement. Healthiness of the climate,
only one dead from England and he of a lingering and consump-
tive distemper. The great point in this design is security for they
are near a zealous and potent neighbour. The Spanish friars will
never cease to promote their tragic ends by the Indians whom they
instruct only to admire the Spanish nation and pay them adoration
equal to a deity. These have the advantage of the Indian tongue
and incline the Indians to do any thing and make war by these
Indians upon those who disoblige them. Account of St. Augustine
which is but an impotent garrison with not above 200 soldiers.
The great reverence the Spaniards exact from the Indians will in a
very short time decline, for by conversing with our Indians they
become more and more satisfied of the grandeur of the English and
say we are stronger than the Spaniard which makes them not a
little proud of our friendship. How the Friars get intelligence of
our affairs and tamper with the Indians who gave information of an
intention to destroy the English who thus were kept in arms ten
days. The friendly Indians who came to their assistance; Is per-
suaded that the^y might have mustered 1,000 Bowmen. Has seen
one of their captains speak to his people half an hour with the
greatest passion that could be, inveighing against the Spaniards and
applauding the English for the axes, beads, and knives they had
brought them and showing what massacre they would do if the
English made use of them as scouts. Account of the attack of the
Spanish Indians upon Captain Brayne on his return from Virginia
in the Carolina who fired seven or eight guns at them, " and since
we have not heard from them but our Indians tell us they are gone.
This is the third affront the Spaniard offered us by Indians since
they heard of us here." The Spaniard will say these are the actings
of Banditti when it is his own contrivance. There are several for
certain at St. Augustine who have commissions of reprisals for the
damages done there by Captain Searle. If we had but 500 persons
here the Friars would remove from the adjacent parts with all the
speed they could. Wishes they well knew how to demean them-
selves as they do not wish to infringe the strict league at home with
the Spaniard. Account of Indian tribes, the Westoes they say are
Man-eaters, of whom our Indians are more afraid than little children
are of the Bull beggars in England. Expect the Emperor of
Tatchequiha a very fruitful country, five days journey to the North-
west, some of his people being already come, the Indian Dr. says
where the Emperor lives the land is of a red mould, plenty of black
and white marble and abundantly stored with mulberries, of which
fruit they make cakes which Owen has tasted. This design well
prosecuted will be as well profitable as honorable, Five hundred
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Sept. 15.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
more people would render them secure and five hundred more a
perfect settlement without the least dread from Spain or Indian.
Hopes his Lordship's care for supplies of necessaries for a short time
will make them in some measure capable to stand upon their own
legs, this country being fertile and of a wonderful growth Requests
freight free of some goods and servants to be sent to him from
England. Endorsed by John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section
IX., No. 37.]
262. Entry of the preceding in "Carolina Entry Bk." [Shaftes-
bury Papers, Section IX., No. 55, pp. 36-54.]
Sept. 16. 263. Grant to Peter Jennings of the Office of Attorney-General for
Virginia during pleasure, with all fees, &c. (Dom. Entry Bk., Chas.
II., Vol. 33, p. 48<.)
Sept. 20. 264. Governor Sir Thos. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington. Since
Jamaica, his last no public despatch has arrived. Has, in pursuance of his
promise, sent three papers for the Council of Plantations, but thought
it his duty first to put them in his Lordship's possession. The first
informs, of his Majesty's increasing revenue here, and how it is
exceeded by its necessary disbursements without reflections on the
customs at home which the goods exported produce, resigning all
considerations for the Governor's support to his Majesty's pleasure,
The second, presents the means to increase the revenue, and that,
with so little regret to the inhabitants, that it will come into his
Majesty's coffers with as little noise as the high rents of the Crown
lands do at home. The third imports the means for the speedy
increase of people, which is the foundation of all, the causa sine
qua non ; and therefore has been the larger and perhaps the bolder
iu it, for these reasons : It is reported here and at home that this
Island was to be sold to the Spaniard, or at least that there was a
working to that purpose and therefore advised their factors not to
plant for as one lately expressed it is not a place to live long or get
an estate in as affairs now stand betwixt England and Spain ; they
have further buzzed in the people's ears that his Majesty as Lord of
this Island, may impose what taxes he pleases on the native com-
modities before exportation, because it was conquered at the charge
of the State and so no consent of the freeholders necessary but that
we shall live under an arbitrary government which his Lordship well
knows how much Englishmen abhor. To banish these apprehensions
makes bold to pen the first proposition so full by which the chief
and almost the only difficulties will be removed. Admittance of
foreigners and liberty of conscience have been provided for in his
instructions, and both are very needful and prevalent baits, especially
the last to increase the number of his Majesty's subjects here. The
rest carry their reasons with them. Was in hopes to have sent the
Survey of this Island, with their numbers, and the Comodities the
place produces, but the Receiver-General could not bring it to per-
fection, for this, must beg his Lordship to expect it by the next.
Had advice from Admiral Morgan the 12th inst. by Captain Heath
that having sailed round this Island, he stood over to the Coast of
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 95
1670.
Cuba, where he left one ship to take a prisoner for intelligence, a
storm separated 3 of his ships, so that he had but 7 when Heath
met him : 3 good ships and a catch have since arrived at this port and
dispatched themselves to him. Captain Bradley last week brought
in a Quaker's vessel commanded by one Watson, which he recovered
from a Spanish man-of-war 13 days after he had taken her, with 6
sailors ; said Watson, 2 quaking preaching women, and the rest, the
man-of-war carried into The Havana, chased by Bradley within shot
of the Moro Castle. Incloses,
264. i. Statement of the Revenue of the Island of Jamaica. Arising
from a duty on wines, spirits, and beer, tonnage of shipping,
licences to sell ale, quit rents, fines, and forfeitures,
amounting to 1,870?., besides H.R.H. 10th and his Majesty
15th in time of war, which have been but a small matter ;
also of the necessary disbursements for support of the
government, comprising 1,960?. for salaries, viz., 1,000?. to
the Governor, 400?. to the Deputy Governor, 200?. to the
Major-General, 80?. to the Chief Judge, and the rest for
salaries of Assistant Judges, other officers, ammunition, and
incidental expenses for the Fort, amounting to 3,473?. ICs. ;
from which may be abated about 750?. for the sale of old
powder, and 400?. for the office of Deputy Governor which
is needless. Jamaica, 1670, August.
264. II. Propositions how the Royal Revenue may be increased
without considerably hindering the settlement. There was,
by account taken last July, granted by patent 213,746 acres
of land on which was reserved to his Majesty, one penny
per acre of such as were under manurance, which rent, by
the Governor's agreement with the Assembly, was not to
be altered, till his Majesty thought fit to reserve a greater
rent. Advises this may be done safely after 250,OUO acres
are granted, which will be by the time these are at home.
The Order to bear this sense ; Forasmuch as his Majesty is
informed that his Island of Jamaica is now very con-
siderably settled and the land very fruitful and passes
from man to man for considerable prices ; his Majesty being
willing to increase the Royal Revenue of the Island, the
better to protect his subjects there, has thought fit to com-
mand the Governor that after 250,000 acres of land are
granted, he do not grant any more but on payment of 3d.
per acre as a fine, and Id. rent per acre whether manured
or not ; and after 250,000 acres have been granted under
such fine and rent, then to grant no more but on payment
of Gd. per acre fine, and 2d per acre rent, until 1,000,000
acres be granted in the whole. Supposes it may be requi-
site to moderate this order towards servants newly out of
their time, slaves newly made free, and other poor indigent
men, that take up but 5 to 30 acres, in regard such small
plantations are the strength of the Island, the greatest
96 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
producers of provisions, and ought to be encouraged. The
next 250,000 acres will be taken up in two years and add
to the revenue 1,041L 13s. 4d., besides the fine which will
amount to 3,125Z. ; and is confident if no wars hinder, in
three years after the other 500,000 may be granted away,
which will make the yearly Revenue more by 5,1661. 13s. 4d ,
besides the 6d. fine of 15,499. 19s. ; after this his Majesty
may make what he pleases of the remaining six millions of
acres.
264. in. Propositions for the speedy settling of Jamaica. That his
Majesty by Proclamation declare this Island to belong to
the Crown of England ; that he holds himself obliged to
protect his subjects there, as amply as in any other his
Dominions; and that neither he nor his successors will
impose any tax or other charge upon them, without the
consent of the Freeholders. That his Majesty's authority
there may admit any persons of what nations soever to
settle, and naturalise them for that Island only. That bis
Majesty will continue the allowance of Liberty of con-
science and a free exercise of Eeligion to all persons.
These being granted, the goodness of the soil is now so well
known, that there will need no other c invitation. That
all prudential means be used to encourage the Scots to
come hither, as being very good servants, and to prevent
them from going to Poland and other nations. That they
may have license gratis or at moderate rates to trade for
negroes in Africa. " Did those Honorable persons, which
make that Royal Company so glorious, but fall into con-
siderations, how much more it is his Majesty's interest to
increase the number of his subjects than bullion of Gold or
Silver (which by law all nations may import) they would
not only freely consent to this proposal for us, but for the
whole nation and foreigners also ; mankind is the principal,
gold the accessory, increase the first considerably and the
other must follow." From 24 years' experience Governor
Modyford affirms, that Barbadoes had never risen to its
late perfection, had it not been lawful for Dutch, Ham-
burghers, our own whole nation and any other to bring
and sell them Blacks or any other servants in their infancy.
That they may have a coin allowed, by a mint set up either
there or in England, or may be permitted to export to
Jamaica, 'as much English coin as they import bullion.
" This the jealous Spaniard allows in the Indies as essen-
tially necessary to their traffic, though in most other things
he be austerely reserved to his no small prejudice."
Lastly. That the Laws made by the Assembly, long since
sent home for the Royal assent, be returned confirmed
under the Great Seal, or so many of them as his Majesty
shall approve. Together 7 pp. {Col. Papers, Vol. XXV.,
Nos. 59, 59 i., IL, nr.J
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
97
1670.
Sept. 20.
Jamaica.
Sept. 20.
Jamaica.
1670?
Sept. 22.
265. Governor Sir Thos. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington. Copy
of preceding letter and also of the three enclosures to same. [Col.
Entry Bk, No. 27, pp. 54-60.]
266. Extract from the above letter of Sir Thos. Modyford that
the merchants have buzzed in the people's ears that the King may
impose what taxes he pleases. Also copies and extracts from
inclosures to same. Endorsed by Williamson, Kec. from Sir
Thos. Modyford. Together 5 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., Nos,
61-63.]
267. An Act for Naturalization. Be it enacted by his Excellency
the Governor of this H.M. island and the Assembly, that it shall be
lawful for any Governor of this island, by public instrument under
the broad seal, to declare any foreigner settled in this island, who
shall take the Oath of Allegiance, or otherwise give security thereof,
to be fully naturalized, as if born within his Majesty's Dominions.
And the Governor shall receive for the same 10?., and his clerk for
writing it 10s. and no more. And whereas several aliens have
patented or purchased lands, houses, &c., and afterwards sold the
same to his Majesty's liege people ; it is enacted that all who have
so bought of aliens, shall be confirmed in the peaceable possession
of said purchases. Endorsed by Williamson, " Jamaica." 2 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 60.]
268. Petition of divers planters and merchants trading to the
Leeward Isles to the Council for Foreign Plantations. That
said Islands are one hundred leagues to leeward of Barbadoes and
producing better indigo and sugar, their trade is so much to the
disadvantage of Barbadoes, that the inhabitants thereof rather wish
that said islands were displanted, than that they should contribute
to their safety and prosperity, as may appear by their delay in re-
establishing St. Christopher's. Wherefore petitioners pray that a
Governor of said islands be constituted under his Majesty, and not
subordinate to the Governor of Barbadoes ; nothing doubting that
said islands will he enabled not only to defend themselves, but
to help even Barbadoes itself. And further that the English and
their negroes who are to be removed from Surinam, may be sent to
St. Christopher's to plant ; which will be a great security to his
Majesty's people there against the French, who are very powerful
and unneighfcourly in that island. Signed by Geo. Gamiell, Wm.
Burt, Geo. Hill, Win. Sewster, H. Lawrence, Win. Baxter, Hen. Bale,
and Val. Austin. Annexed,
268. i. Report of the Council for Foreign Plantations to the King
on above petition. Have called before them divers planters
and merchants belonging to Barbadoes, as well the petitioners
as Lord Willoughby, and heard the reasons and objections on
all sides. Are of opinion that it would be for his Majesty's
service that there were a Go vernor-in- Chief over said islands,
not subordinate to the Governor of Barbadoes for the annexed
268. n. Reasons, because ; 1, the French are seated upon part
of St. Christopher's, and have much increased the number of
their people and their forces, trade, and plantations there
U 51912.
98 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1C70.
and in the neighbouring islands : 2. Because St. Christopher's
lying 100 leagues north-west from Barbadoes, the wind com-
monly blowing east, north-east, or south-east, and there
setting a great current westwards, the passage to Barbadoes is
uncertain, sometimes in 7 or 8 days, but for the most part in
as many weeks ; and on a sudden attack, any of the islands
may be lost, before relief could come from Barbadoes, or indeed
notice be given of danger : 3. Because it was found most
agreeable to the desires of the planters and inhabitants of the
Leeward Isles. Together 3 pp, [Col. Entry Bk., Xo. 45, pp.
1-3.]
[Sept. 22.] 269. Copy of the above petition of planters and merchants
trading to the Leeward Isles, received and read in Council
^2nd Sept. 1670. Annexed,
269. i. Reasons why the petitioners desire there may be a General
commissionated over them not subordinate to the Barbadoes.
The Council and Assembly being all planters there, it is to
their interest that the Caribbee Islands be destroyed, and
petitioners can prove that several have wished these islands
sunk, declaring it would be better for them. How then can
said islands upon invasion expect any relief from Bar-
badoes, who already wish their ruin, as appears by their
late delay in re-establishing St. Christopher's. Besides
Lord Willoughby has detained for the use of Barbadoes
10 barrels of powder and two guns procured of his Majesty
for the defence of Nevis, and has not sent a good propor-
tion of ammunition as commanded by his Majesty. That
the great distance from Barbadoes will not admit of her
assisting these islands at a juncture which cannot possibly
be gained in less than five or six weeks, in which time
they might be overrun. St. Christopher's afl^r the French
bad taken it might have been regained if assistance had
appeared within a reasonable time. That insolencies
lately committed by the French are unavoidable, without
a General in chief to take care of these islands, who is
very necessary for the future safety of the same. Read
in Council 27th Sept 1670. [Coi Entoy Bk., No. 94,
pp. 4-5.]
Sept 23. 270. GOT. Sir Thos. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington. Has
Jamaica. recovered the promised Survey, &c., by the extraordinary diligence
of his Majesty's Receiver-General. Could wish it were more perfect,
but hopes betwixt this and March to reduce it to a more certainty.
His Majesty will find great quantities of land granted to some
persons, among whom his son, 6,000 acres granted, whose name he
made use of for himself, having about 400 (si) persons in his
family, and so but half their due ; 5,000 to Capt Noy, waste land
by the sea side, mostly covered with salt water, where is a very
hopeful work begun for salt, &c. ; and 3,200 to one Styles, who
never had hands proportionable, nor will, as Modyford judges, but
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
99
1670.
who within a year of the Governor's coming made oath that his
Majesty had granted him a Privy Seal for that quantity, which he
had lost by the way ; desires his Lordship to direct Modyford's son
to search the Privy Seal Office, whether there be any such grant.
As to the rest, the proportion of hands is not wanting, and on the
whole grants added together hi.s Lordship will find double the
number. Encloses,
THE SURVEY OF THE ISLAND OF JAMAICA.
ST. THOMAS'S PARISH.
Acres.
Acres.
Acres.
Thomas Amor -
10
Uobt. Fargassou
24
Rice Prosser
38
Southwell Atkins
1,070
James Gosling -
800
John Putnam -
200
Charles Burnett
90
Thomas Groves
238
Dearmon Regaine
145
John Bassett -
78
John Hooper -
140
More
40
Thomas Booth -
12
John Hunt
180
George Robbius
12
William Basnett
60
Thomas Hudson
390
Thomas Reese -
60
Capt. Thomas Browne -
1,060
More
120
Clement Richardson
846
Joseph Barger -
11
David Jones
70
William Richardson
10
Francis Butterfield
30
Thomas Johnson
350
John Stokes
25
Samuel Backs, Esq.
200
Widow Lawrence
73
John Stevenson
211
Christopher Cooper
690
Henry Luptou
400
Edmond Sweet
140
Caesar Carter -
60
John Lucy
92
Thomas Stacey -
120
Gawell Crouch -
100
Richard Lay ton
I'O
James Scott
17
Thomas Carpenter
6
Nicholas License
264
Thomas Steward
60
John Clarke
90
Samuel Lewis, Esq.
880
John Stephens -
60
Josiah Child and Mate -
1,330
Edward Madox
30
John Salisbury
150
John Davenport
340
Thomas Manning
125
Walter Tresias -
120
Francis Davis -
120
Daniel Pearse -
8
Tobias Wilson -
f.O
Thumas Evans -
215
Charles Probert
04
Thomas Wiltshire
12-2
Stephen Kvans -
330
Thomas Paulhill
700
John Wallis and Boucher
150
Col. Thomas Freeman -
1,309?
In this parish are families -
- 59
And by estimation people
- 590
ST. DAVID'S PARISH.
Nicholas Alexar-di-r
Kobert Avery -
Thomas Bend -
Kdmuul Bates -
John Burton
John Banfu-ld -
John Campion -
.More -
Cornelius Cole -
Henry Cole
William Davis -
Thomas Evans and
Mate-
George Elkin and Petty
Edward Elliot and
Pearse
Francis Fouracers
Lieut.-Col. Robert Free-
man -
Col. Thomas Freeman -
Edward Fox -
Thomas Fargar
Richard Gwiunell
Morgan George
760
30
80
49
150
60
90
13
90
30
150
160
563
80
160
1,338=|
440
90
345
140
30
Thomas Griffin -
Matthew Halpin
John Harris
Thomas Harry -
George Hooke -
Henry Henderson
John Hobby and
Alexander
John Hobby
George Hunt -
John Hutchins -
Samuel Hancock
John James and Mate -
Edward Jackson
Peter Jacob
John Gerrard and
Jourden
John Lamstead
Major Richard Lloyd -
Major Lloyd and Bur-
ton -
Bryan Mascall, and
Sylvester
Matthew Oliver
15
60
60
120
90
30
82
1-26
45
30
60
70
30
30
30
30
1,370
294
54
30
Luke Phillips -
Henry Poores -
John Price
Francis Powell
Richard Pt-arce and
Elliott
Matthew Price -
William Powell
Robert Puncher
William Ring -
William Rives, Esq.
Walter Roles -
Richard Richardson,
Esq. -
Richard Richardson and
Mate-
Edward Reid -
Thomas Reid -
James Rogers -
Clement Richardson
Thomas Ransdon
Robert Scubbs and Mate
Jacob Stokes -
Jacob Stokes and Smith
G 2
150
40
140
17
90
60
so
60
:<*
210
40
1,034
152
30
150
30
58
130
66
640
1
100
1670.
COLONIAL PAPERS.
Acres.
Acres.
Acres.
William Sheldrake
Benjamin Smith
Robert Smith -
35
60
374
Robert Thompson
Stephen Valley
Thomas Whittle
30
55
60
Robert Woddard
William Witch
John Wilson and Wil-
60
30
Major John Saunderson
Thomas Swaine
John Terry
Jenkin Thomas
44
60
58
William Wolfe
Henry Winkes and
Mate
James Wallis -
30
65
30
liam Parker -
John White and Elkins
John Wimble and Sea-
more
30
30
152
Charles Thomas
30
In this parish are families -
John Andrewes
Henry Archboule, Esq.
Thomas Aldworth
John Akin
John Bonnett -
Ed-ward Bussell
Robert Bull
Charles Benway
Doctor Richard Brian -
John Barrett and Mates
Nicholas Barrett and
Mate-
Edward Berry -
Capt. Samuel Barry
Major William Buston -
Titus Boreman -
John Browning
Widow Backhouse
James Barry
James Boney -
More
William Eurt -
George Bennett
Nicholas Butler and
Mate
John Baugh
Francis Bussell and
Smith
Henry Bowen and Mate
Thomas Butler
Phillip Botterill
Henry Banfield
John Burdis and Mate -
William Bent and Henry
Bonner
George Blundall
John Belfield -
Jasper Blanch -
John Cor.per
Samuel Conyers
Thomas Cater -
Matthew Cotton
Joseph Casteele
Richard Collinwood
Ancill Cole
John Cooke
Capt. Thomas Clarke -
John Cape and West-
bury -
Markham Clouds
Anthony Collier
Thomas Brewer
80.
And by estimation persons -
- 9CO
ST. ANDREW'S PARISH.
4
John Cahauue and Mate
11
2,030
George Campe -
91
5
William Capon
6
71
' 2
John Clove
20
5
Edmond de la Crez
660
11
William Davison
240
34
Nicholas de la Roch
6
30
Richard Dunn -
60
351
Henry Dawkins
15
90
Robert Davis and Mor-
gan -
200
20
Francis Dauiell
33^
279
Edward Exceceune
17
400
John Edwards and Mate
56
878
George Ecclestone
14
78
William Elder -
96
22
Thomas Edmonds
70
28
Richard Feilder
100
27
Jeremiah Fowler
63
50
Morris Fleyne -
42
12
Henry Ford
100
110
Thomas Flood -
3
234
William Ford -
210
Jenkin Lloyd -
7
34
Mary Fisher
7 \
11
William Groves
15
Luke Grose
28
60
Charles Griffin -
9
84
James Grimes -
7-i
31
Sampson George
40~
22
Robert Galloway
9|
21
Widow Gay
74
23
John Garrett -
8-
Daniel Garviu -
2J
800
Nathaniell Guy
190"
15
Morgan Hopkins
19
369
William Hazard
11
6
Charles Hudson
44
512
Lieut. - Coll. Richard
216
Hope and ye Inhabi-
100
tants -
970
40^
Lieut. - Coll. Richard
217|
Hope
1,497
50
Gowen Hill
80
20
James Howell -
1,233
107
Richard Hussett
8
605
James Hunt
8
John Hendy
47
22
Nicholas Hancock
50
7i
John Hone
21
44
Henry Hanimot
6
211
Gregory Hubbart
48
George Home -
Francis Hope
John Hattevill -
William Jones -
Walter Jenkins
John Johnson -
Andrew Jewell -
John Jefferies -
Thomas Joyce -
Samuel Keamor
Matthew Knight
Abraham Keeling
William Kilgress
William Cane -
Nicholas Keine
Jane Leader
Widow Lane -
Francis Larow -
John Lewis
Nicholas Leford
Jacob Lucy and Com-
pany -
William Launce
John Maverley
William Mayo -
Sir James Modyford
James Mandersou
Owen Macarta -
Alexander Mills
John Murrow -
Christopher Mayam
Robert Moody -
Richard Mapeley
William Parker
Wm. St. Onyon
John Priest
John Pond
Janes Pinnuck -
John Potter
Joseph Phypes -
John Pitts
John Pearse
Capt. William Parker -
Robert Pyatt -
Capt. William Rivers -
Ralph Rippon -
John Robinson
James Russell -
Francis Russell and
Mates
Moses Raco
Francis Scarlett, Esq. -
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
101
1670.
Acres.
Acres.
Acres.
Edward Stanton and
Thomas Todd and Mate
49
Thomas Taylor
18
Henry Bonner
500
Peter Tan agon
16
Richard Thorne
16
Edward Manton (szc) -
374
Anne Thome -
156
William Wilson
80
John Spread
qi
2
William Tanton
24
Hugh Weekes -
44
Lieut. John Stanley
90
Thomas Trinado
38
Charles Whitfield
950
Morris Shehanx
4
Peter Turpin
622
William Warren
707
David Spence -
H
Thomas Turtle -
40
Edward Wooden
9*
John Stiles and Mate -
67
William Terrill
35
Thomas Watson
9
Cornelius Stray s
122
Thomas Tothill
1,300
Richard Wood -
70
Thomas South -
60
Richard Teage
88
John Wilson -
20
Richard Seaward
7
Capt.. William Vallett -
220
Anthony Woodhouse -
4
John Stephens -
20
Thomas Vaughan
37
George Wattle -
56
William Sparkes
75
Richard Wilson
54
James Woodall
8*
Samuell Sawyer
14
William Waters
8
Richard Valley
200
Richard Smith -
16
Capt. Saul Wanner
60
John Walker -
308
Thomas Sampson
120
John Williams -
30
Charles Whitefield
51
James Thompson _ | 18
William Warrington
270
Henry Wastell and Mate
16
In this parish are families - 194. People hy estimation - 1,552
ST. KATHERINE'S PARISH.
John Archer
560
Thomas Davis -
440
Capt. John Bourden
2,255
William Deane-
597
Richard Beckford
578
George Dunkin and
John Bonner -
82
Mate
60
William Bunn and Mate
64
Timothy Dodd -
300
Robert Bedford
30
Oliver Dust
60
John Berry
40
John Drinkewater
27
Lieut.-Colonel Robert
John Ellis
150
Bindlos
1,935
Henry Edey
30
Edward Black man
62
George Elkin -
3,286
Coll. Thomas Ballard -
2,391
Dorothy Eaton
220
More -
1,000
Augustine Evans
401
Peter Burton -
78
Capt. William Freeman
40
Richard Boyse -
148
Bartholomew Fant
1,130
Susanna Barker
160
Angelina Fant -
210
Anthony Burroughs
40
William Floyd -
60
Thomas Burden
67
Widow Farefield
385
Francis Barnes -
CO
Major Thomas Fuller -
1,309
Hersey Bawett -
32|
Humphrey Freeman,
William Benton
44
Esq. -
627
Edward Burt -
27
Tobias Foot -
120
Christopher Butler
9
Roger Fugas
30
Nicholas Collins
60
John Flemming
34
John Casteele -
210
Robert Ford
100
John Collett
120
John Gimball -
618
John Colebeck
812
Andrew Groves
38
Capt. Colebeck and In-
William Gray -
720
habitants
1,340
John Gillingham
120
Josua Cooper -
60
William Gibson
45
William Cussaus
551
Richard Guy -
270
John Cater
252
Joachim Hane -
420
James Casement
190
William Hebb, Esq. -
437
James Crookshanke
90
Henry Hilliard
100
Matthew Crew-
800
Wm. Hill and Mate -
190
Thomas Cox
300
Nicholas Homes
100
Bryan Clackcy -
100
William Hubblethorne
Derby Cecill -
110
and Mate
160
Francis Crookshanke -
40
Anthony Hopper
70
Major Anthony Collier
George Hollowfield
140
and Mates -
2,600
George Hanborow
450
Coll. John Cope
144
Edward Hans and Mate
123
John Doughty and
Richard Hemmings
J,600
Mate
80
John Hatkins and Mate-
1,190
William Herbert
John Hillier and Perrot
Francis Hull -
Alice Howell -
William Harker
George Holyday
Simon Huse
Gary Hellgar -
Wm. Hobbleton
Francis Inians -
John Jackson -
Wm. Knowles -
George Knight -
Thomas Lyon -
Samuel Long -
Thomas Lilly -
Samuel Lewis and
Francis Man
William Mullins Esq. -
Capt. Render Moles-
worth
Wm. Matthews
John Moore
Charles Morgan
William Mosely
William Morris
Bryan Macue -
Thomas Modyford, Esq.
and Company
Phillip Masters
Thomas Martin
Hugh Mighty -
William Mathewes
Sir James Modyford
William Markham
Lucas Martin -
Sir Thomas Modyford -
George Newell -
George Needham, Esq.-
Capt. John Noyc
William Oakes-
John Parsons and Mate
Joseph Peters -
120
320
100
15
164
33
3
146
120
453
30
760
63
96
18
782
1,555
522
2,480
520
19
910
1.242
40
30
6,090
411J
130
140
170
3,500
33
30
109
475
1,764
5,868
19
30
30
102
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Acres.
Acres.
Acres.
Francis Phillips
33
John Ridgway -
340
Thomas Webb -
250
Alexander Pitts and
Royal 1 Company
470
Michael Whaley and
Mate
90
Henry Rimes -
530
Mate
163
Francis Price and Mate
150
Thomas Raby -
398
Henry Weston -
61
Thomas Parnell
!I20
Fulke Rose
30
John Went
H
William Perkins
88
Jos. Char. Stevenson -
30
More -
150
Thomas Pitts -
500
John Slicker
90
John Welting -
150
James Parsons -
34
James Sharpington
60
Robert Willias and
John Parish
175
Henry Saw
400
Mates
iae
More -
120
George Tirlow -
42
John Wooleyand Mates
201
Joseph Peters -
55
John Thomas and Mate
- 153
George Woodgcr and
George Reekstead
60
Thomas Tyler -
210
Parris
100
George Russell
160
John Vine
45
I*aac Wells
9
Bartholomew Roe
33
Henry Veasy -
90
William White -
15|
Evan Rice
120
More -
33
John Whiting -
30
In this parish, families
- 158.
People by estimation - 2,370.
Capt. Whitigift Aylmor
Major Thomas Ascough
William A'dridge
Mate
Edward Allen -
Edward Arthur
Robert Bennet -
Thomas Burgan
John Bagnoll -
Francis Bostock
Stephen Bassett
Edward Barfield
Mate
Charles Buckley
Mate -
Wm. Bragg
Thomas Bland -
Hersy Barrett -
Thomas Butler -
Elizabeth Bagnoll
Lieut.-Col. John Cope -
Laurence Charnock and
Mate-
Gilbert Cope
Robert Cote and Mate -
John Cantrill -
Nicholas Clarke
Jonathan Cock
William Collier
Theo. Gary
mor
294
>ugh
880
and
.
60
.
155
.
250
_
30
-
62
_
36
-
N
276
and
_
100
and
-
205
_
950
_
8
_
300
_
510
-
7
>pe -
and
683
.
740
.
80
ate -
23
.
21
.
210
-
1,000
120
-
83
ST. JOHN'S PARISH.
Timothy Dodd - - 108
John Davis and Mate - 119
John Davenport Esq. - 220
Bartholomew Dowse - 10
Lieut. John Dowler - 9
Robert Evans - 18
John Frizell - - 300
John Frizell and Mate - 300
Capt. Richard Guy - 753
William Gaywood 64
Thomas Griffin and Mate 1 7 1
Richard Garland and
Mate - 60
Joseph Gunn - 90
William Gillman 43
Lieut. Richard Hysam - 984
Daniell Harris - 7J
Robert Hazell - - 270
Thomas Jones - - 373
Richard Jenkins 108
To the Inhabitants of the
Parish - 500
Thomas Johnson - 250
Doctor Thomas Jones - 20
Robert Kilby - - 300
Capt. John Laugher - 204
Owen Mason - - 150
Alexander Martin - 206
Sir James Modyford - 1,000
Capt. Robert Nelson - 1,300
Capt. Richard Oldfield -
Aaron Peterson
Francis Price -
Thomas Perry -
Robert Paine -
Francis Palmer
Edmund Roe -
Elizabeth Reid -
Capt. George Reid
Edward Rawlins
Roger Reynolds
John Steele and Mate -
Thomas Small -
Edmund Sykes
John Styles
William Sams -
John Stubbs
Wm. Thorpe
James Tuckey and Mate
John Trigg
Richard Vildy -
John Weaver and Mate
John Wright -
John Wilson and Mate
Ellis Ward and Mates -
William Wright and
Company
Samuel Warren
Edmund Willett
John White
370
250
175
180
4
200
215
927
1,403
120
4
300
15
150
3,200
400
320
(.8
50
90
60
200
60
6fi
233
418
360
72
259
In this parish, families
- 83
People by estimation
996
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
103
1670.
CLARENDON PARISH.
Acres
jfVcrcs
A-CFG**
Lewis Anderson
58
Michaell Garrett
91
John Newman -
112
John Ashley
156
James Griffin -
60
Richard OHife -
66
The Widow Allwinckle
600
Edward Garret and Mate
30
Richard Phelps
320
Cornelius Adams
50
Richard Greene
260
Jasper Pickerine
550
Eleanor Barrett
55
Edward Gerrard
95
John Powell
60
Richard Barrett
149
Hugh Ginge
20
Roger Phypes -
80
John Butcher and Mutes
297
John Gage
10
Wm. Pritchett -
30
George Booth
1,200
Martin Goldin -
20
George Pattison
122
Robert Barriffe
JOO
William Gunter
200
Wm. Pearse
42
Widow Bolton -
100
Capt. Christopher Homer
1,083
Ralph Rippon -
140
Robert Brownlow
190
John Hill
275
George Rickets
40
Edward Bramfield
100
Henry Billiard
1,668
Edward Ray and Mate -
109
John Bankes and Street
60
John Hewitt -
890
Thomas Roden -
243
Ezraell Baldwin
400
George Holsworth
186
Edmund Rule and Mate
330
Nicholas Bolton
500
George Hammond
65
Phillip Roberts
405
Anthony Boroughs
30
John Hunt
120
Roger Ramsy and Mate
41^
Peter Beckford
2,238
Richard Hooton and
Thos. Robinson and Mate
50
Lieut-Col.RobertBiudlos
250
Gunter
100
George Ragg -
36
Edward Bull -
61
Richard Haj'mas
100
Elias Sedgwick
10
Joseph Bathurst
1,200
Thomas Halse -
466
Francis Starkey
227
Major Anthony Collier
1,261
Capt. Joachim Hane -
1,500
Francis Sperry -
349
Jane Clarke
240
Harman Jacob -
305
More -
240
Thomas Casnell
270
Lt.-Coll. William Ivy -
1,075
John Smith
76
Richard Carr -
30
John Jonson
220
Robert Smith -
180
Edmund Cross -
90
Edward Isles -
30
Robert Stone -
75
William Courtman
65
Ralph Johnson
40
John Stiles
90
Thomas Cole -
136
Ruth Kilby
90
John Shewin -
30
William Coxhead
54
Hugh Kinn
81
Nathaniell Shin and Mate
84
George Child -
120
William Lord -
435
Robert Smart -
60
Edward Cock -
136
John Lock
35
Michaell Saunders
120
Lord Clarendon
3,000
Robert Little -
106
John Shaw
450
Barbara Call
70
Capt. Samuel Long
2,200
Amos Stevens -
10
Peter Cockup -
60
Jane Lumbard -
150
John Sheppard
185
Robert Cooper -
90
Robert Leonard
100
John Skellin
210
Capt. Edward Collier -
1,020
John Loyd and Frank-
John Thompson
300
Feter Copake -
160
ling -
379
Joseph Taylor
12
Henry Dunnell
30
John Lory
50
John Taylor
190
John Downer -
210
Originall Lewis
70
John Townsend
210
John Durant -
432
Richard Mugg and Mates
770
Benjamin Tillinghurst -
300
Henry Douch -
20
John Marshall -
186
Robert Varney, Esq. -
701
Henry Davis -
41|
John Magill and Mate -
60
John Vizard
120
John Fisher
138
Adam More
90
Priscilla Willoughby -
600
William Frogg
90
John Morant -
30
John Warren -
188
William Frame
120
Valentine Munby
105
Robert Warner and Mate
350
William Foliar -
30
Francis Man
285
Robert Wright
100
Hugh Gilbert -
93f
Wm. Mason
185
Tobias Winsor
60
Joseph Gardner
570
Richard Masey -
50
Thomas Waite -
88
Richard Gray -
180
Daniell Morris -
30
Thomas Wills -
32
William Gent -
240
Widow Netherland -,
120
In this parish are, families
- 143
People by estimation - 1,430
104
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
ABSTRACT OF THE WHOLE.
PARISHES.
ACRKS
PATENTED.
FAMILIES.
NUMBERS
OF
PEKONS.
St. Thomas' Parish -
14,825|
59
590
St. David's Parish -
11,946!
80
960
St. Andrew's Parish -
29,199f
194
1,552
St. Katherine's Parish
68,590
158
2,370
St. John's Parish
25.197J
83
996
Clarendon Parish - - - -
39,260f
143
1 ,430
We likewise calculate the Privateers, Hunters, Sloop, and Boatmen"!
which ply about this Island, and are not reckoned in any of the >
2,500
above Parishes, to he at least 2,500 lusty able men
The four Parishes on the North Side, vizt., St. George's, St."]
Marie's, St. Anne's, and St. James, and the Leewardmost parish, |
St. Elizabeth, hath not been yet collected, as not worth it, by 1
reason of its distance and new settlements, where' we find about j
20,000
1,500
20,000 acres patented, and calculate there cannot he less than j
1,500 people
209,020^
717
11,898
More ; We calculate of Persons in the Towns of Port Eoyal and St. Jago to be no less ~|
than, men, women and children - - - J
3,300
15,198
" The Receiver- General hath not yet received any rent these two
years, it not being worth the going so far every year, the last
collection amounting to but 1511. 9s., whereof some being for three
and some two years ; but now this Michaelmas he begins to collect
for two years, and is ordered at the same time to take an exact
account of all the persons in every family, which, with the rental
(when finished) shall be presented for his Majesty's view, and we
are confident will amount to one half more at least than the above
calculation, this being guessed at according to the last collection,
made two years since." [Col. Entry BJc., No. 27, pp. 61-80 and
p. 82.]
[Sept. 23.] 271. " Commodities which this island produceth, with a calcula-
tion of the quantities of some of them." There are 57 sugar works,
producing yearly 1,710 thousand weight of sugar ; 47 cocoa walks,
yielding 188,000 Ib. of nuts, in seasonable years in these improving ;
49 indigo works, producing 49,000 weight of indigo per annum,
and other walks and works daily adding. Three salt ponds, con-
taining upwards of 4,000 acres, under the management of Captain
John Noye, yielded this year 10,000 bushels, he affirming to have
been able to make as many tons if he could have had vent for it.
The mountains are full of pimento or Jamaica pepper, and, if there
were encouragement, 50,000 weight might be yearly sent off. An
undestroyable quantity of fustick, brasilletto, lignum vitse, ebony,
sweet-smelling, and other curious woods, of which great quantities
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 105
1070.
are daily exported. Anotto (by the Spaniards called Acheot),
vanillas, china roots, cassia, fistula, and tamarinds, the planters
endeavour to increase, being very good drugs. The land very good
for cotton and tobacco, but the other commodities being more
profitable, very few busy themselves with it. Large savanas
and great stocks of cattle, which have increased within these six
years from 60 tame cattle to 6.000. Sheep, goats, and tame hogs in
great plenty, so that they are past all danger of want, and hope in
a short time to furnish the ships homeward bound. Signed, by the
Governor's command, by Thos. Tothill, "Receiver-General. 1 p.
[Col Entry BL, No. 27, p. 81].
Sept. 23. 272. Commission (with corrections by Williamson) to Colonel
Whitehall. Lynch. Appointing him Lieut.-Governor of Jamaica, to command
in chief in the want, absence, or disability of Sir Thos. Modyford, or
other his Majesty's chief governor there, during pleasure. Parch-
ment. Endorsed, Minute of Sir Thomas Lynch's Commission.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 64.]
Sept. ? 273. Draft of preceding, with corrections by Williamson. 1 p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 65.]
Sept. 25. 274. The King to the Duke of York. Directing him forthwith
to give order for the hiring of two good merchant ships of 150 to
200 tons, well fitted and victualled for five months at least, for
bringing off such of his Majesty's subjects as yet remain upon
Surinam. p. [Dom. Entry Bk., Ckas. II., Vol. 31, p. 61 <.]
Sept. 28. 275. Petition of Chas. Modyford in behalf of Sir Tho. Modyford
and the planters and traders of Jamaica, to the King. That Sir
Thos. Modyford, Governor of Jamaica, was strictly commanded to
call in the privateers and endeavour a trade with the Spaniard ;
which he did to his utmost perform, by hanging six privateers and
restoring two ships, as by the affidavits annexed will appear.
This civility to the Spaniards, who in retaliation used his Majesty's
subjects worse than formerly, occasioned all the privateers to betake
themselves to Tortugas to the French ; which had been undoubtedly
the less of the Island had not the Governor had order from his
Majesty, by the Duke of Albemarle, to grant or not commissions
against the Spaniards as to him should seem most advantageous ;
whereupon, proclaiming war against the Spaniard, all the privateers
came in. Prays that his Majesty, if he deems it fitting that the
privateers should be called in, will signify his pleasure, since Gov.
Modyford ought to persist in the way he is in, till his Majesty order
the contrary, when he prays that Sir Wm. Godolphin, Envoy
Extraordinary for Spain, have order to have an article added to the
Articles of Peace, whereby the King of Spain may acknowledge
that Jamaica belongs to his Majesty; for if the privateers are
ordered to be reduced and that omitted, it will discourage all
persons to trade or plant there, since the Spaniards have raised
and do at this present raise men to attempt the island. 1 p. [Col
Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 66.]
106 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1G70?
276. Reasons presented by Chas. Modyford to the King in Council
why privateers should not wholly be discontinued in the West
Indies, it being of great concernment and at present the security
of the island of Jamaica. 1. By the frequent intelligence which by
means of privateering it hath of the coming of the King of Spain's
fleet, and of designs against the island, which if wanted, the islanders
may grow secure and being set upon unawares be easily overcome,
for hunting, upon which privateers greatly depend, would be laid
aside on the north of Jamaica where the Spaniards might easily
land, fortify, and become impregnable, and the English lying in the
midst of the King of Spain's dominions, are so great an eye sore to
them, that they would be glad on any terms to be rid of such a
neighbour. 2. What is gotten by the privateers is brought into
Jamaica, and assists the planters, and encourages the merchants to
come there. 3. It will appear but reasonable to have privateers,
when it shall be considered how inhumanly treacherous and cruelly
the Spaniards use the English there that fall into their hands,
making them work like slaves, and forcing their shipping and goods
from them ; as will appear by the oaths of Roger Baker, commander
of the Leghorn Merchant, Major Samuel Smith, late Governor of
Providence, Henry Wasey, commander of the Concord, and Francis
Steward, herewith delivered. 4. Privateering 'tis feared cannot
now be well reduced without great charge to his Majesty and much
prejudice to the island; for Sir Thos. Modyford used his utmost
endeavour to reduce them, but they went to Tortugas to the French,
turned pirates and took English as well as Spaniards, who reaped
no benefit, and the island lost above 1,000 men and 8 or 9 ships ;
so that it was much feared, that had not his Majesty's letter to the
Governor given timely encouragement to countenance them, the
island might have been in the time of the late war lost by their
joining with the French. 5. If there should be no men-of-war in
the Indies, the Spaniards would undoubtedly attempt Jamaica, or
at least take every ship sent from Jamaica to England. Will only
add that if it be his Majesty's pleasure the privateers should be
reduced, he would send sufficient forces, and order Sir William
Godolphin, Envoy Extraordinary for Spain, to procure an acknow-
ledgment from the King of Spain that Jamaica doth belong to his
Majesty's Crown, and that an attempt on it shall be an absolute
violation of the peace ; for without it, if the privateers be reduced
no merchants will trade, or any person settle a plantation there.
Endorsed by Sec. Lord Arlington, Pretended reasons why priva-
teers ought to be maintained in the West Indies. 1^ pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV., No. G7.]
1670. 277. "Additional Propositions" to the Privy Council about
Sept. 28. Jamaica, "offered by order from Sir Thos. Modyford, by Chas.
Modyford." In regard by contract with the Assembly here his
Majesty's subjects are to pay one penny per acre for all that is
planted, and that the rents amount not yet to 1501., and that it is a
great trouble for his Majesty's officers always to be running out the
manured land to find how many pennies are due, it is proposed that
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 107
1670.
his Majesty send order that after 200,000 acres are granted, the
Governor reserve Id. per acre for every acre granted whether
manured or not, there being as yet but 165,000 granted, and after
500,000 be granted to reserve 2(7,., and after 750,000 4d, till there
be a million; for these reasons: (1.) The island is so well settled,
that so great an encouragement as formerly :s not so absolutely
necessary. (2.) There is not that reason for obliging future settlers
as there was for the first settlers and old soldiers, the first settlers
having borne the heat of the day, to make it easy and safe for new
comers. (3.) Trade will increase and every man's land prove more
profitable so the augmented rents will be easier paid. (4.) A con-
siderable revenue which is necessary to repay his Majesty's great
charges and support the government cannot be better raised than
b}' annexing it to the Estates, which can never be thought a grievance
to posterity, as all aids, taxes, impositions, and subsidies generally
are. (5.) This his Majesty will receive as aright, and not be obliged
to lessen any part of his prerogative for it ; and therefore after the
first million acres are granted, it is presumed that a reasonable fine
of ready money, as well as a rent of 6d. or 12d. per acre may be
reserved, not judging it reasonable the rents should be generally the
same, lest in time their interest should be too much ynited. (6.) It
will be some satisfaction to the first settlers, to find how much they
have been favoured. (7.) This will be a great revenue, Barbadoes,
which consists but of 126,000 acres, every year loading away 200
ships with sugar, indigo, and cotton, and this Island is above 60 times
as big, with better land ; here being also cattle, horses, and pastures
in great plenty, " so that there is nothing wanting but whites and
blacks to go through stitch with our designs of planting." To hasten
this settlement and forward the revenue all means are to be
endeavoured for filling the Island with people. (1.) By ordering
all snch as lie on the parishes in the three nations that are of able
body, and all other superfluous persons ; whom the owners of shipping
will willingly transport, the price being males 121. to 151., females
101. to 121. ready money, with which they buy cocoa which near
doubles at their return, so that many have been brought hither
within these ten months. (2.) By ordering the Governors of the
Windward Islands, especially Barbadoes, to encourage superfluous
planters and servants to come hither, forbid them other new settle-
ments, and suppress false scandals of this place ; which his Majesty's
letter required of the late Lord Willoughby, but without effect, for
he sent near 1,500 lusty men to Sta. Lucia, most of whom subscribed
to come with Sir Thos. Modyford, where they were all lost ; there-
fore its necessary to have it enquired how his Majesty's commands
are observed. (3.) By inclining the nobility, gentry, and merchants
to settle plantations ; some of which have already begun to their
great advantage, among whom Alderman Beckford can tell of 2,000.
per annum he gets, clear of all charges. (4.) By inclining the Royal
Company to send plenty of negroes, the war with Holland and France
having been a great hindrance to this Settlement, and the having
no blacks from the Royal Company since 1665 a greater. 2i pp
[Col Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 68.]
108 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
[Sept. 28.] 278. Copy of the above propositions of Sir Thos. Modyford to
the Privy Council, with additions, " To the intent I may never incur
the real or seeming displeasure of his Majesty's Council, but walk
enntirely by their directions, humbly desire their Lordships' con-
siderations and solutions to these ensuing queries " 1. Whether he
may continue to allow our men-of-war, who else could not subsist
and carry always in their vessels a gang of dogs, to victual at
certain parts of Cuba and Hispaniola, which are infinitely stocked
with cattle and hogs and have very few or no inhabitants, which
are brought to this market, and is a great help to the poorer sort
of planters and but little detriment to the Spaniard. 2. Whether
he should forbid our seamen and merchants holding a trade and
correspondence with the Indians of Darien and Yucatan to the
southward of Campeachy, whom the Spaniards account rebels, but
have no actual authority over them, and from whom our people
have tortoiseshell, logwood, and other commodities for beads and
knives. 3. Whether if they happen to take Indians who are under
the Spanish Government and will not hold peace with the English,
they may not sell them for slaves in Jamaica. Modyford has never
suffered any Indians to be sold in Jamaica for slaves, except the
Caribbees of St. Vincent, with whom Lord Willoughby had war,
so that many Indians live very contentedly amongst them. Received
from Charles Modyford, Sir Thos. Modyford's son, 28th September
1670. 3| pp. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. 27, pp. 36-39.]
Sept. 28. 279. " Sir Thos. Modyford's proposal about logwood, &c.," being
the second query in the preceding copy of his propositions to the
Privy Council. Endorsed by John Locke, Logwood and as above.
28 Sept. 1670. Lord Ashley, afterwards Earl of Shaftesbury, was
a member of his Majesty's Privy Council at this time, and John
Locke was his private secretary. 1 p. [Col. Papers Vol XXV
No. 69.]
1670? 280. Propositions of Chas. Modyford, by order of Sir Thos.
Modyford, to his Majesty's Privy Council concerning Jamaica.
That they would take notice that, according to order from his
Majesty's ministers, Sir Thos. Modyford did proclaim peace with
the Spaniard, upon which 'twas certain the privateers would have
gone to the French at Tortugas, had not Sir Thos. prevailed with
them to stay till answer came to his letters to the Duke of Albe-
marle and the Lord Keeper ; which he desires may be sent as soon
as possible, with the Council's approbation of what he has already
done. And if his Majesty think not fit he should, or the Spanish
Ambassador, decline employing the privateers there, that his Majesty
would authorise the Governor to keep 1,000 of them, with 10 of
their most considerable ships, in pay, for security of the island ; for
these reasons : (1.) Because the French increase daily in those
parts, having already ships of 70 guns. (2.) They live encompassed
by the Spanish quarters, who, whatever they pretend, intend their
supplanting, knowing the island was taken from them by force,
which consideration will never die. (3.) It is necessary to keep up
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES, 109
1670 ?
a military spirit in that people, which when reduced to dull trained
bands will come to nothing, (4.) 1,000 men under good pay and
discipline will do more than 5,000 train soldiers or new raised men.
(5.) The reputation of such a force will prevent the enemies'
attempts, so that planting will go on uninterrupted. (6.) Such a
force may be in a readiness on all emergencies to execute his
Majesty's commands. (7.) In regard the state of the island is not
yet fully assured from the pretensions of the Spaniard, the settle-
ment of plantations is hindered : and therefore he prays that if his
Majesty do not approve of the aforesaid reasons, Sir W. Godolphin
may be ordered to conclude on what terms that island stands with
the Spaniard, it not being positively mentioned or understood to be
included in any articles of peace yet made ; they having granted
commissions against all to the southward of the Tropic of Cancer,
and did, last June 1G69, make prize of one ship, one ketch, and three
sloops at Caimanos, as appears by affidavits annexed. The reso-
lutions of the Council to the following queries as soon as possible
are also desired. The first three queries are the same as are in
Modyford's propositions calendared ante, No. 278. The remaining
query has reference to the Spaniards having many of his Majesty's
subjects in irons, and having lately carried away some fishermen
from " Caimanos ; whether in such new actions of hostility, the
Governor may not retaliate until he has received his Majesty's
orders, in regard of the time the obtaining those orders must take
up ? Annexed,
280. I. Affidavits of Sam. Hutchinson, commander of the Hope-
well, and Edward Attenberry, giving account of the
Spaniards' attempt upon the English fishermen at Cai-
manos, the burning of the Governor's house, carrying
away all his goods, taking one ship, one ketch, and three
sloops, and destroying all the fishing boats upon the
island. Jamaica, 1669, June 16. Together 3 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV., Nos. 70, 70 i.].
1670 ? 281. Copy of the preceding propositions of Modyford, but without
the queries and affidavits. 1-| pp. [Gol. Entry Bk, No. 27. pp. 30-
40.]
Sept. 30. 282, Jo. Newingtoii's address to James Drawater, merchant, at
St. Michael's J o . Lindupps, at the Bunch of Grapes in Ship Yard, by Temple
Barbadoes -^ ar - -^ ^ Q news ne caa write is that one Hugh Peachell,
who has lived in this island almost 20 years with many persons of
good esteem, and lately with Col. Barwick, and who it was observed
gained much money, yet none thrived less than he, falling sick
three weeks since, was much troubled in his conscience, but
would not utter himself to any but a minister, who being sent for,
he did acknowledge himself the person that cut off the head of
King Charles, for which he had 100., and with much seeming
penitence and receiving such comfort as the divine, one parson
Leshley, an eminent man here, could afford him, he died in a
quarter of an hour. This he may report for a real truth. One Mr.
Hewel, condemned for the same, and he thinks now in Newgate,
110
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Sept. 30.
Barbadoes.
Oct. 1.
Shaftebury
Papers.
Oct. 3.
Fort Jarnes,
Mauhataus.
will be glad to be acquainted of this. p. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXV., No. 71.]
283. Copy of the preceding. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV.,
No. 72.]
284. " Memorial about the prisoners at St. Katharina, delivered
to the Spanish Ambassador 1st Oct. 1670." The Duke of Albe-
marle, Earl of Craven, Earl of Clarendon, Lord Berkeley, Lord
Lieutenant of Ireland, Lord Ashley, Sir Geo. Carteret, Vice-Cham-
berlain of his Majesty's household, Sir Peter Colleton, and Sir
William Berkeley, being concerned in a plantation bordering on
the south of Virginia, sent last year some English people in a sloop,
who through foul weather, about loth May last anchored off St.
Katharina in Florida. John Rivers, a kinsman and agent of Lord
Ashley, with the master of the sloop, his mate and six or seven
men, one woman and a girl, were encouraged to go ashore, when
they were by order of a friar, the chief man of the place, detained
prisoners. The friar refused to restore them, and commanded the
sloop to yield, and endeavoured by shot from the shore to force
her to it. Letters were afterwards written to the Governor of St.
Augustine and the friar to demand the delivery of the English,
but the friar who gave the two men fair words not only refused to
set the prisoners at liberty, but kept the two men also who had
upon his parole ventured themselves into his power. In the
margin to tJie following paragraph Locke has written " Delivered
to the Spanish Ambassador, 9th Sept. 1672." The lords above
mentioned concerned in this affair, and particularly the Earl of
Shaftesbury, who hath lately heard from his kinsman, John Rivers,
that he is prisoner at St. Augustine, desire the lord ambassador to
procure an effectual order from the Council of Spain to the Governor
of St. Augustine, that said persons who have been seized at St.
Katharina and ever since detained, may be set at liberty, as they
have not given any provocation to make them prisoners. And
said lords having sent these persons only to carry on the before
mentioned plantation without disturbing any others, are very
willing to continue an amicable correspondence with his Catholic
Majesty's subjects, nor will they allow any piracy or any acts of
hostility. A duplicate of such effectual letter as shall by the
Council be sent to America is desired by said Lords to convey
themselves to the Governor of St. Augustine to secure the delivery
of said prisoners if that sent from Spain should miscarry. Names
of prisoners known to said Lords, viz., John Rivers, Capt. Bayly,
John Collins, William Car, Margaret Martin, the rest they know
not the names. Draft with corrections, written by John Locke, as
also the endorsement. The second paragraph has been copied, with
some additions. 2 pp. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 40.]
285. Governor Francis Lovelace to [Joseph] Williamson, secre-
tary to Sec. Lord Arlington. Excuses himself from ingratitude for
not maintaining his correspondence, but their conveyance is so
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. Ill
1670.
slow, " like the production of ' ellephats ' once almost in two years."
Has sent two letters " but the^ uncertainty of our vessels touching
in their most convenient port makes letters oftenly to become
abortive." If he did but know in what darkness they live " as if
we had as well crossed Lethae as the ' Athlantiq ' ocean," he could
not but take compassion and solace them with what news is
stirring on the stage of " Brittang," " for we love the sound of Greek
though we understand it not." If a disordered dream would serve
the turn, could tell him that an Indian King Agapow, taking the
air in his "gundelo " (with them known as a canoe) with his cargo
of two pecks of oysters " was intercepted by a strong party of the
enemy in Europe it would have been called 7,000, but here it goes
but for four men, two women, and a boy seizes on this monarch,
brings him to their castle, first bites oflf all his nails, next his ears,
and then tortures him to death with those exquisite torments that
Plalaris' invention was but a fleabite to it; four days he was a
dying, yet as long as he hail breath would call for a pipe and
threaten a revenge." This happened six weeks since, but what
cornes near them is the encroachment of the French in Canada.
His Catholic Majesty most profusely sends legionary soldiers thither,
500 annually being an ordinary recruit, so that it is feared he will
attempt to disturb his Majesty's plantations here, to which his
soldiers will be easily incited " out of hopes to be in the sunshine,"
being generally locked up three-quarters of the year. A small
party of Jesuits, 1 in all, have settled on this side Lake Iroquois ;
they pretend it is no more but to advance the kingdom of Christ,
when it is to be suspected it is rather the kingdom of his most
Christian Majesty. Will do all here to discover their designs, but
it were necessary to have an inspection over him at home. l pp.
Printed in New York Documents, III., 189, J 90. [Ool. Papers,
Vol. XXV., No. 73.]
Oct. 3. 286. Twelve Acts passed at a Grand Assembly held at James
Virginia. City, Virginia, by prorogation from 20 Oct. 1669 to 3 Oct. 1670,
but the titles only of three of these Acts are given, against which,
in the margin is written, Repealed, Needless. Printed in Col.
Entry Bits., Nos. 89, 90, 91, see ante, No. 119. [Col Entry M.,
No. 88, pp. 76-79.]
Oct. 5. 287. Order of the Council for Foreign Plantations, present,
Lords Gorges and Arlington, and Messrs. Brouncker, Waller,
Slingesby, and Titus. Whereas they have received particular com-
mands from his Majesty to consider the commission and instructions
of Sir Thos. Modyford, Governor of Jamaica, and accordingly to
prepare despatches for Col. Thos. Lynch, as his Majesty's Lieut, of
the same, as also to prepare a commission and instructions for said
Col. Thos. Lynch, and the rest of the Commissioners to be appointed
for receiving St. Christopher's from the French. Ordered that
Joseph Williamson be desired to send (with what speed he can)
copies of the commissions prepared for Jamaica and St. Chris-
topher's. Signed by H. Slingesby, Secretary. 1 p. [Col Papers
Vol. XXV., No. 74.]
112
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1 p. [Col. Entry Bk.,
1670.
Oct. 5. 288. Cop}' of the preceding order.
No. 94, p. l.J
Oct. 6. 289. Order of the Council for Foreign Plantations. His Majesty
having lately referred to this Council the speedy preparing of
despatches for St. Christopher's and Jamaica, and Lord Arlington
having promised copies of certain papers, ordered that Mr. Slingesby
speak with Mr. Williamson about same, so the Council may be the
better able to offer to his Majesty their opinion and advice con-
cerning the commissions and instructions for the settlement of St.
Christopher's and Jamaica. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 94, p. 2.]
Oct. 6. 290. An Act for raising an imposition on wines and other strong
[Barbadoes.] liquors imported into this island. Read and passed the Assembly
C Oct. 1670. John Higinbotham, clerk of the Assembly. Read
and passed the Council same day. Richard Noke, Deputy Secretary,
and consented to by Chr. Codrington. A true copy attested 21 Oct.
1670 by Rich. Noke, Deputy Secretary. 5 pp. [Col. Entry Bk.,
No. 5, pp. 125-129.]
Oct. 6. 291. The Council of Plantations to Sec. Lord Arlington. Having
agreed upon most of the instructions for Major Bannister and the
rest of the Commissioners for bringing off the English from Surinam,
and the two merchantmen appointed for that service now getting
ready, desire his Majesty's commission may be speedily prepared
with a blank for the Commissioners' names, and a copy sent the
Council. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 75.]
[Oct. 10.] 292. Reasons why the planters and merchants of the Leeward
Isles desire the planters of Surinam to be directed to St. Chris-
topher's. There were at least ten thousand planters and inhabitants
of St. Christopher's before the French invasion, now reduced to about
one-third, so that two-thirds of the land formerly possessed by
English will be uninhabited, and their number being so small cannot
be safe from French rapine. How the planters of Surinam, who
are by his Majesty's order to be removed, may be secured against
those who may pretend a right to the lands they may take up at
St. Christopher's and how to satisfy those employed in transporting
said planters from Surinam. Read in Council Oct. 10, 1670. [Col.
Entry Bk., No. 94, pp. 6, 7.]
293. Richard Browne to Sec. Lord Arlington. Narrates how a
small frigate of 9 guns, Captain John M'orris, commander, sent by
Sir Thos. Modyford to Admiral Morgan captured the frigate of
Captain Emanuel Rivera of 14 guns and good store of ammunition,
granadoes and stink pots. Rivera was shot through the neck and
immediately died. This is that same vapouring captain that so
much annoyed Jamaica in burning houses and robbing the people
and sent that insolent challenge to Admiral Morgan (See No. 310 II.).
The frigate is now added to our fleet. The Admiral has sent 6
sail upon " the design his Honour intended," and on their return
will go upon "the grand design." Understands by letters from
Jamaica that Sir Thos. Modyford (durante vita) is settled Governor
Oct. 12.
On board the
Satisfaction
Frigate at
Hispaniola.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
1670.
of Jamaica, which gives general satisfaction ; that Hill and Reginald
Wilson are collectors of Customs in place of Sir James Modyford ;
and that Prince Rupert with 25 men-of-war and 5,000 soldiers is
coming into these parts, either to force a trade, or to prosecute open
war, which the Spaniards have so insolently begun. No doubt this
noble fleet would in a short time overrun and conquer all these
Indies, but without Admiral Morgan and his old privateers things
cannot be as successful as expected ; for they know every creek, and
the Spaniard's mode of fighting, and be a town never so well forti-
fied, and the numbers never so unequal, if money or good plunder
be in the case, they will either win it manfully or die courageously.
Captain Rivero's commissions from the Governors of Carthagena
and St. Jago, which Admiral Morgan has sent to the Governor of
Jamaica, are much insulting and domineering over our nation. Begs
a recommendation to some employment and his service to Joseph
"Williamson, and John Knight, Sergeant Surgeon to his Majesty,
also the conveyance of enclosed letter to his wife. The 15th inst.
arrived Captain Ludbury with news that he with Captains Prince and
Harris and 170 men took Granada in the river of Nicaragua about
six weeks since without any considerable loss, and have shared 30?.
or 40. a man. Admiral Morgan has been in the Indies 11 or 12
years, and from a private gentleman by his valour has raised himself
to now what he is, and no one can give so clear an account of the
Spanish force. 3 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 76.]
Oct. 1 5. 294. " An account of what arms and ammunition have for these
ten years last past been issued out of his Majesty's stores within
the Office of Ordnance for the use of the Island of Jamaica." These
include 59 ship carriages for cannon, &c. ; 500 barrels of powder ;
3,550 muskets, bandaliers, pistols, and carbines, with belts and
swivels; 18,000 spikes ; 40 drums; 100,000 flint stones, ready cut;
21 tons of sheet lead, shot, and bullets; 10 fodder of pig lead; 6
tons of bar iron ; and hand granades, matches, nails, baskets, paper,
wire, wheelbarrows, shovels, troop saddles, cartouch boxes, oaken
plank, hand barrows, and solder. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 27,
p. 83.]
Oct. ? 295. Proposals of several planters relating to St. Christopher's
to the Council for Foreign Plantations. It has been propounded by
the French agent that if the French now upon English plantations
at St. Christopher's have improved them, said French shall be
allowed for such improvement at the return of the English over
and above what is agreed upon by the articles of Breda. Therefore
said English planters beseech that since the agent's proposals are
irregular, instructions may be given to the Commissioners who are
to receive St. Christopher's to insist on full reparations being made
to the English for damages committed by the French upon the
English plantations since they should have been delivered up, in
cutting timber, demolishing dwelling houses, and carrying off"
materials to the value of 20,000. sterling. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 94,
p. 7.]
U 51912. H
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
[Oct. 18.] 296. A brief of the late Government of St. Christopher's, with
the number of forts and great guns, presented to the Council for
Foreign Plantations, in obedience to their commands. The civil
and military power was in one Governor, he usually choosing his
Council and Assembly, two out of each of the six parishes, and
trying all suits with a jury of twelve men. Sir Thos. Warner lived
upon a sweet plantation in the middle of the island, set out for and
not to be alienated from the Governor for the time being, but Lord
Willoughby bought that plantation of Philip Warner and paid for
it, as reported, out of the four and half per cent, granted to him by
the island, amounting to forty negroes. Names and description of
the forts, in all three forts four small sconces, and one platform with
thirty -nine guns. In each fort ten soldiers, one corporal, and one
gunner, all paid by the country. Received and read in Council
18 October 1870. 1| pp. [Col. Entry BL, No. 94, pp. 7, 8.]
Oct. 18. 297. Order of the Council for Foreign Plantations. Having
this day considered the business of St. Christopher's and the rest of
the Leeward Isles, the Council think fit to speak to Lord Willoughby
and some of the chief planters of the Barbadoes thereon. Ordered
that Lord Willoughby, Sir Peter Colleton Henry Drax, Messrs.
Bell, Wardall, Pye, Bawden, and some others now residing in
London, have notice to be present at the meeting at Lord Arlington's
lodgings in Whitehall on Friday next. Also that the petitioners of
St. Christopher's and the Leeward Islands also have notice to
attend. [Col. Entry Bh, No. 94, pp. 2, 3.]
Oct. 20. 298. Nicholas Blake to the King. Hinted in his despatch of
^Biibao^ 28th February 1668-9 somewhat of the ill-management of the
design of St. Lucia, whereby were lost about 1,000 men, and which,
if rightly ordered, might by this time have been as profitable as
Barbadoes is. Five great ships about to go down thither for timber,
which small sloops have fetched without molestation from Indians
or French, so that it seems a very fit conjuncture for planting and
settling it, and by following rules set down by himself doubts not but
in two years' time the whole island shall be well settled. People
begin to ask why they should not settle this island ; indeed must
confess himself the foundation of this talk, which would be readily put
in execution were reasonable conditions granted, with security to
have them performed ; for the last breach of promise sticks sadly in
their memory, when having gone down on large promises, new orders
were sent enclosing them all within one acre of ground. Proposes,
first, that his Majesty send a small frigate to Barbadoes to take pas-
sengers down and stay for their defence for six months ; also a ketch
to stay 12 months : with 20 pieces of ordnance for forts, 300 cara-
bines, 200 pair of pistols, 5 00 swords, powder, bullets, drums, colours,
a surgeon's chest, &c. ; and a godly minister, with his salary " to be
ascertained him in England by your Majesty " for two years. That
the island may be suddenly inhabited, and in seven years' time it
may walk hand in hand with Barbadoes " and come to be a fair
flower for revenue in the garland of your Majesty's crown," the
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 115
1670.
Governor should be commissioned by his Majesty and independent
of any commands but those of his Majesty. This is a chief ground
work of bringing about the settlement. Another loadstone will
be profit and privileges, so a certain quantity of acres should be
bestowed on every one that goes down, with freedom from duties
for four or five years. Could wish himself thought worthy of the
chief command ; none can be found more willing, and (it may be)
few more able ; there will be need of much prudence, dexterity, and
resolution, and believes, though he will not in the least brag of
himself, that his Majesty, pondering what he now writes, may think
he has more abilities in him than his modesty will permit him to
boast of. Being of an active and stirring genius, he is fully
ascertained that he could as his Majesty's deputy carry at least
1,000 people with him, and hopes the second year to make it up to
5,000, for he has been so punctual with his payments and so com-
passionate to the people in their distress that he has a name over
the island for it ; but hardly any would go if any of the generation
of those who were formerly chief in it should have a hand in it, for
it pities him to hear the curses they give their memory. Has one
thing to beg, which is the loan of 5001. for four or five years, when
it shall be faithfully repaid, in case his Majesty, on reflection of his
services, thinks not fit to remit the debt. Does not desire this for
himself, but for the people, as will appear by the list of things sent
to Jacob Lucy to provide with that money ; but if his Majesty will
not advance it, will endeavour to supply it himself; and should be
glad if his commission might extend to seven years. Lord Willoughby
when he intended the settlement declared he would not be a pro-
prietor for less than 10,000 acres, about the eighth or tenth part of
the island ; but Blake will not crave above 500 acres, and for any
other land will have no more privilege than any other man, according
to the hands he shall carry. The island is but 27 leagues from
Barbadoes, and they go down in 20 hours and are coming back four
to six da} T s. Will send his Majesty answers to the queries, copy of
which goes herewith. Desires to receive his Majesty's commission
by March, when he will have good quantities of undertakers and
passengers ready against the ships come in May, one month before
the season for planting. As to the advantages to his Majesty, is of
opinion that within six or seven years the revenue will not be less
than 20,000. ; his Majesty may also have 2,000 acres laid out in
four large sugar works, which may be peopled at an easy rate by
sending over poor miserable people who have forfeited their lives
for offences less than treason, murder, witchcraft, and the like, or
vagrant and idle people who are continually put into Bridewell ;
none to serve less than four years, his Majesty maintaining them
with food and apparel. Thus in three or four years his Majesty
may reap 8,000. to 10,000. per annum, but each settlement will
require at least 2,000. laid out and 800 men and women to people
these four works. This is the fourth time he has sent papers for
his Majesty's view, the first of 28th February 1668-9, the next of
22nd July 1669, the third of the 28th August last, which pointed at
several grievances the island groans under, and showed how the
H 2
116 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
planters might increase their substance one third and his Majesty s
customs from 8,000?. to 10,OOOZ. per annum. These things must be
done as the Spaniard saith, con mana, by sleight and dexterity and
by a method that will not enter everybody's thoughts. Thinks the
300 carabines should be made 500. Encloses,
298. I. Estimate of the quantity of acres in St. Lucia and in what
proportion to be distributed. Suppose the island contains
90,000 or 10,000 less than Barbadoes. Set apart for his
Majesty 2,000 : glebe land for 16 parishes at 30 acres each,
480 ; for himself, 500 ; 150 persons of substance at 50 acres
each, 7,500 ; 3,000 people, whites and blacks, 10 acres per
head, 30,000 ; 1,700 of these maybe whites who after their
times are expired are to have 20 acres each, 34,000, making
74,480, and leaving 15,520, which will give scope for 500
more. So that 2,350 whites will take up all the ground,
and the rest must be negroes and servants, for the island
will crave at least 50,000 people, and there are not so
little as 60,000 in Barbadoes. His Majesty would not
do amiss to suffer the Scotts to come this way, who have
been the chief instruments of bringing Barbadoes to its
perfection and in two years would bring thousands of
hardy people. Unless people have the encouragement
above mentioned none will go, and Lord Willoughby pro-
posed higher encouragement, which he could not have
performed unless the island had been near as big again.
298. Jl. Queries given to "Neighbour Martin," with answers.
Has seen four or five small rivers 10 or 12 feet broad ; two
or three very good roads ; one harbour land-locked ; land
very fertile, but somewhat mountainous ; several sorts of
gallant timber ; no French inhabitants or trade ; Indians
come and go and bring turtle, potatoes, and fruit ; venomous
snakes and great frogs : excellent good fish ; a small quantity
of sugar canes growing ; the seasons of rain come as here,
knows of no hurricanes ; some say the island is as big as
Barbadoes, and some bigger, &c. Together 9 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV., Nos. 77, 77 i. IL]
[Oct. 21.] 299. Petition of the Deputy-Governor, Council, and Assembly
of Barbadoes to the King. That on the 12th September 1663,
Francis Lord Willoughby required an imposition for his Majesty's
use, whereupon it was enacted that 4|- per cent, of all commo-
dities exported should be paid, provided the support of the
Governor and other public charges expressed, should be satisfied
out of the same. Notwithstanding which, and although for relief
of the Leeward Isles petitioners have been at greater charge
than they can well bear, the 4 per cent, is ordered to other
uses than intended. Pray that same may be converted to no
other uses than those for which it was raised ; and further, that
they may be permitted free trade with Scotland for a supply of
servants, and equal privileges of trade with Tangiers; that no
person may be compelled off the island to answer any complaint
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
117
1670,
Oct. 21.
Oct. 21.
Barbadoes.
Oct. 24.
Albermarle
Point in
Ashley River.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
in England; and that Sir Tobias Bridge's regiment may "be forth-
with disbanded, the private soldiers being very few but the officers
full, a great charge to his Majesty, but of little use in this time
of peace. Signed by Chr. Codrington, Deputy-Governor, Hen.
Hawley, Daniel Searle, Sam. Farmer, and John Knight, of the
Council, and by Simon Lambarle; Speaker of the Assembly.
Endorsed, Eead at Foreign Committee, 13 Dec. 1670, [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 78.]
300. Journal of the Assembly of Barbadoes. Copy of the
preceding. 1| pp. [Col. Entry Bh, No. 13, pp. 1-2.]
301. The Council and Assembly of Barbadoes to Wm. Lord
Willoughby (at London). Although they have not been made
happy by his Majesty's concession of any part of their former
addresses, they have not wanted information of his Excellency's
endeavours on their behalf, for which they heartily thank him and
beg him to continue promoting their petitions, especially those
now sent, which they deem the most material. In token of
gratitude have this day voted him 100,000 Ibs. of sugar, which
though little when they take his Excellency into consideration,
is something in respect of the extreme poverty of the country,
they not being yet able to pay their debts, all which had long
since been satisfied had the uses of the 4 per cent, been per-
formed. The heads of their above petition to the King of this
date are annexed. 2 pp. [Col. Entry Bh, No. 13, pp. 24.]
302. Governor Sayle to Anthony, Lord Ashley. This is a
duplicate of Governor Sayle's letter dated 25 June 1670 [see
ante, No. 202], but ivith a different seal. Endorsed by John
Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 41.]
Oct. 24. 303. Entry of the preceding in " Carolina Letter Book,"
Shaftesbury [SJiaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 55, pp. 56-60.]
Papers.
Oct. 25. 304. Draft instructions for [Major Bannister and others, see
Nos. 324, 325] appointed Commissioners for bringing off from
Surinam his Majesty's subjects, their families, and estates. 1. To
use their best endeavours to arrive as speedily as possible at
Surinam. 2. To deliver to the Governor the State's letters,
acquaint him with the tenor of his Majesty's Commission, and
agree to a place of meeting for settling all things. 3. To insist
upon leave to send on shore Major Banister or some other best
acquainted with the planters, to let them know that none of the
planters his Majesty's subjects who shall within one year trans-
plant themselves to any of his Majesty's Colonies shall be liable
for any debts confiscated to the Dutch by virtue of the Articles
made by Col. William Byam ; and that his Majesty has written
to the Governors of the Caribbees and Jamaica to apportion
ground, and furnish them with provisions and other necessaries,
and to endeavour to delay the publication of the 10 days' liberty
118 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
to enter names, that so time may be gained fully to inform the
planters what course has been taken for their encouragement to
remove from Surinam. 4. To press for punctual payment of debts
from the Dutch to the English, and to prevent any artifice for the
detention of the English. 5. In the case of those indebted
to the Dutch, the Commissioners must act as they shall judge
best, but urge the detention of the English contrary to the
Articles as the occasion of such debts having been contracted.
6. Not to insisi upon any demands so as to make a breach. 7. If
the ships cannot receive all, to endeavour to hire others. 8. If the
departure be hindered by the Governor, to send one or both of the
ships to England with an account of proceedings. 9. To do what
else they shall judge necessary. Also additional instructions.
1. As soon as the ships are laden and freed from Surinam to
sail t f or the Leeward Islands or Jamaica, and land passengers.
2. To send account thereof to his Majesty, and discharge or other-
wise dispose of the empty ships. 3. To inform his Majesty
whether the Articles of Surrender made by Col. Win. Byam have
been punctually observed. Endorsed by Williamson, Surinam
Commissioners, 1670. 5 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 79.]
Oct. 25. 305. Copy of the preceding instructions comprised in 12 Articles
without additional instructions, but the word Jamaica is omitted
in Article 1 of above additional instructions. Endorsed by
Williamson 25 Oct. 1670. Kec, 27. J. W. also for the Lord
Arlington. 4s pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 80.]
Oct. 25. 306. Copy of the preceding instructions without numbers to the
several articles. Jamaica is also omitted in this copy. Endorsed
by Williamson. Surinam Instructions, 25 Oct. 1670. Rec. 27.
4 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 81.]
Oct. 26. 307. Benedict Arnold, Governor [for the colony] of Rhode Island
Newport. an d Providence Plantations, to the high and mighty monarch Charles
II. Gratitude to his Majesty for their Charter of Incorporation and
for sending his Commissioners to compose the differences in relation
to their boundaries who determined that certain lands called the
Nayhautinck and Narragansett countries and parts adjacent, which
were claimed by the colony of Connecticut should be called the
King's Province and be ruled by the petitioners (the writers of this
letter) till his Majesty should declare his pleasure. By virtue of
which decree petitioners have for several years had the jurisdiction
of these lands until of late the colony of Connecticut, by the assistance
of some of the principal as they term them united colonies, has
entered into said lands and exercised jurisdiction therein. Have
often proffered to leave the whole matter to his Majesty's decision,
and have entreated them to forbear forcing it upon petitioners till
his Majesty's pleasure be known but all in vain, no entreaties, no
desires can procure them to accept so loyal and reasonable proposals.
Beseech his Majesty to command both his colonies to appear by
their agents in England before his Majesty to hear and determine
this difference or to give such other orders as his Majesty shall
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 119
1670.
judge convenient for ending this and preventing the like disputes.
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 82.]
Oct. 29. 308. Lord Ashley to John Dorrell and Hugh Wentworth.
Exeter House, Acknowledges receipt of their letter of 17th February last [see
on ' ante, No. 153] and thanks them for their willingness to put them-
selves and the rest of the inhabitants of New Providence into his
hands. In compliance with their desire six of the Lords Proprie-
tors of Carolina have obtained a grant from his Majesty of the
Bahama Islands [see No. 311] and having heard that Wentworth is
Shaftesbury chosen Governor by the people, their Lordships approve same and
will send commission and instructions as soon as their Lordships
patent has passed the great seal having resolved to establish the same
government as at Carolina and to give to the inhabitants of New
Providence the same terms. As to themselves, will take care of
their concernment to their satisfaction. They are desired by the
first opportunity to send word how many people there are at New
Providence, the quantity of land taken up and the advantages and
disadvantages of the place, as also an account of the rest of the
Bahama Islands. Will take care they be supplied with small arms
and all necessaries at reasonable rates. About a bill of exchange
for 20Z. drawn by O'Sullivan. They will see by the Constitution
of their Lordships' government in the division and allotment of land
that one fifth is to be in the possession of the proprietors, one fifth
settled on the nobility, and three fifths possessed by the people, and
as they are like to have a particular concernment in this doubts not
they will be very careful of it. 2 pp. Examined by John Locke.
[Shaftesbury Papers. Section IX., No. 55, pp. 5, 7.]
[Oct. 29.] 309. Answer of Lord Willoughby to the petition of the planters
and merchants of the Leeward Islands with their reasons for desiring
that a general be commissioned over them not subordinate to the
government of Barbadoes [see ante, No. 268] addressed to his
Majesty's Council for Foreign Plantations. Upon the best inquiry
Lord Willoughby has been able to make, petitioners are unknown to
an} 7 of the considerable planters or traders in those islands and have
subscribed petition in order to their own private ends. The repre-
sentatives of said islands have under their own hands, which his
Lordship is ready to produce, utterly disavowed what petitioners so
boldly affirm will therefore apply himself to their reasons. Every
one of said islands is governed by a deputy appointed by Lord
Willoughby and has a distinct Council and Assembly who make
their own laws, and the Council and Assembly of Barbadoes have
neither jurisdiction nor influence over any of said islands as is sug-
gested, nor would ever act anything to their prejudice, being equally
concerned with them in the care of every of them and to strengthen
themselves for their mutual defence and support in regard of the
increasing strength of the French and of the Dutch a new planter,
so that to divide the government and put every island upon its
particular guard would enfeeble the strength of the whole. Had
not Barbadoes expended at least 50,000?. during the Dutch war
most of all of said islands had been destroyed, Should the govern-
120 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1C70.
ments be separated many inconveniences would ensue and persons
indebted would escape from island to island for protection to the
prejudice of trade and the discouragement of the merchant. Slaves
also upon every slight discontent would fly from place to place.
Refers to his narrative as to the delay in Barbadoes for re-establishing
St. Christopher's. Concerning supplies of powder, &c. from Barbadoes
the Assembly of Nevis returned their solemn thanks to Barbadoes
for their assistance and begged a continuance thereof. As to distance
Antigua is not above 70 leagues from Barbadoes, and advice may be
had from the Leeward Isles ordinarily in six or seven days and from
Barbadoes in three days. It is certain that the English interest in
St. Christopher's was lost by their own precipitancy and rashness
in not attending the orders from Barbadoes, and had they attempted
nothing against the French until the arrival of the fleet, the French
had inevitably lost their own instead of the English. Concerning
the insolencies lately committed by the French, Lord Willougby has
himself from time to time acquainted his Majesty's ministers there-
with, and when he receives commands is ready to see the same duly
put in execution. Is persuaded the matter of this petition will be
found a design of very inconsiderable persons for their own private
advantage. Delivered and read in Council Oct. 29, 1670. 3|- pp.
[Col. Entry Bk, No. 94, pp. 8-11.]
Oct. 31. 310. Governor Sir Thos. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington. Is
Jamaica. advised by a despatch from our Admiral [Henry Morgan] that
about the end of September Capt. Morrice, driven by wind into a bay
at the East end of Cuba, found Signor Pardal, the vapouring Admiral
of St. Jago, who had been sent there double manned, and with 80
musketeers on land to attack Capt. Yellows (?), who was careening,
but had gone. At the first volley the Spaniards left their guns,
and the captain running to bring them back, was killed lay a shot in
the throat, after which the men leapt overboard and about 40
came short home, and the vessel with five prisoners was carried to
the Admiral. Presents Pardal's commission, whereby his Lordship
will find him a person of great value amongst them, and empowered
to cany the royal standard in the maintop ; also the original canvas
challenge, which was nailed to a tree near the west point of this
island, whereby a guess may be made of the man's vanity. On
the 7th inst. so violent a storm assaulted the fleet that all the
vessels except the Admiral's were driven on shore, but all except
three are fetched off again ; he has more men than shipping, which
has encouraged some merchantmen to go up to him. Admiral Morgan
has sent a small fleet with 400 men to the main of Carthagena
for provisions, and thinks he cannot take the seas till the end of
November. Six days since arrived in port three privateers, Prince,
Lubborough, and Harrison, with 200 men, who went up the river
of Nicaragua and attempted the fort, lately built to stop the
incursions of the French, in which were 37 men ; the enemy killed
16 and wounded 18, but yielded on quarter for life only. This
done, the Castellano told them he had sent advice of their coming
four hours before to Granada, whereupon Prince double manned
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 121
1670.
the swiftest caiioe, which, in three days' rowing overtook the advice.
Leaving 20 men in the fort, they entered the town undiscovered,
being but 120 men, and having by their usual wiles got the best
of the town prisoners, plundered till noon, which they say yielded
but 7 Ibs. of silver and 12?. in money per head, which is nothing to
what they had five years since, but the town is much decayed,
and the principal men gone to Guatemala, as being more secure.
Modyford reproved the captains for daring to do this without com-
missions, but not deeming it prudent to press the matter too far
in this juncture, commanded them to attend the Admiral, which
they were very ready to do, and will be gone in five days. One
of these captains offered to make oath that he took a prisoner who
told him that in September came advice from Old Spain, wherein the
Governor was commanded to prosecute the war against this island,
and much blamed for having done nothing all this time. The like
letters were despatched to all the other Governors, by which his
Lordship may have some aim at the violence of their intentions
and the little force they have to execute them. Three days since
came a sloop from Campeachy with seven men, laden with logwood ;
the master told him he was chased by a frigate of 22 guns, and
being forced to run into shoal water, the captain of the man-of-war
in his long boat, with 14 men attacked the sloop, but they killed
him five men, and took himself and the rest at mercy ; for
the captain they got a good composition in linens and silks from
the man-of-war, and dismissed him and the survivors. There are
about a dozen vessels that only ply this trade, and make great
profit selling the wood at 2ol. to SQL per ton ; they were privateers,
but will not leave the trade again. They go to places either in-
habited by Indians or void, and trespass not at all upon the
Spaniard, and if encouraged, the whole logwood trade will be
English, and be very considerable to his Majesty, paying 51. per
ton custom. Humbly offers that the Governor of this place may
have instructions to permit vessels to go to such places, to fetch
thence logwood, cattle, deer, horses, and other commodities. Is
persuaded above two thirds of the privateers will betake themselves
to this trade when there is peace with Spain, and these soldierly
men will be kept within peaceable bounds, and be always ready to
serve his Majesty on any new rupture. The places they now trade
at are Cape Gracia Dios, Darien, Mosquito, and many deserted
places in Campeachy, Cuba, and Hispaniola. Has formerly troubled
the General's despatch with these things, but never had any answer.
Beseeches his Lordship seriously to consider this point, and believes
that these new sucking colonies must have some help besides the
native goodness of the soil. Has a great ambition to bring it to
perfection, having waded in it these seven years, and obtained a
perfect knowledge of the neighbouring countries, their forces,
qualities, governments, &c., as also of this place and people, their
interests and several factions, and how to keep them all composed
for his Majesty's service without any considerable charge to his
Majesty, which another Governor (let him be never so wise) shall
not comprehend the first year. However, if it be his Majesty's
122 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
pleasure to place another in his seat, will heartily and faithfully
assist him, yielding cheerfully into his bosom all the fruits of his
seven years' experience, and when no further useful, will humbly
retire to his plantation and die. This he says to evince to the
whole world that the happiness and thriving condition of this
place is more than any other worldly thing in his spirit and desires.
Forgot to tell his Lordship that Morgan wrote that he had 1,100
English and 200 French, and is capitulating with 400 French more
who are of the rebels ; it is thought most of them will increase
this colony, some few of the best having already sent down their
negroes. There are also the three Granada men and five sail more
going hence with at least 400 English, so that he cannot be less
than 2,100 well seasoned and experienced men. Endorsed by
Williamson. Rec. 7th March 1670-1. Encloses,
310. 1. Commission from Don Pedro de Ulloa Riva Deneyra, Gover-
nor and Captain-General of Santiago, Carthagena, and the
Indies, to Captain Manuel Rivero Pardal, with his frigate
San Pedro y La fama to be Admiral against the English.
Carthagena, 1670, June 6. Spanish. 6^ pp.
310. II. Captain Manuel Rivero Pardal's challenge: "I, Captain
Manuel Rivero Pardal, to the chief of the squadron of
privateers in Jamaica. I am he who this year have done
that which follows. I went on 'shore at Caimanos, and
burnt 20 houses, and fought with Captain Ary, and took
from him a catch laden with provisions and a canoa.
And I am he who took Capt. Baines, and did carry the
prize to Carthagena, and now am arrived to this coast,
and have burnt it. And I come to seek General Morgan,
with two ships of 20 guns, and having seen this, I crave
he would come out upon the coast and seek me, that he
might see the valour of the Spaniards. And because I
had no time I did not come to the mouth of Port Royal
to speak by word of mouth in the name of my King,
whom God preserve. Dated the 5th of July 1670."
[Col. Entry Bk, Vol. 27, p. 49.] Together, 9 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV., Nos. 59, 59. iv.]
Nov. 1. 311. Grant to Christopher Duke of Albemarle, William Earl of
Westminster. Craven, John Lord Berkeley, Anthony Lord Ashley, Sir George
Carteret, and Sir Peter Colleton, their heirs and assigns, of "all
those islands called Bahama, Eleutheria, Ucanis (?), Providence,
Inagua, and all other those islands lying in the degrees of 22 to 27
north lat., commonly known by the name of the Bahama Islands, or
the Islands of the Lucayos." Constituting them absolute Lords and
Proprietors, paying to his Majesty and his successors one fourth of
all the gold and silver ore found, and also as often as he or they
shall enter said islands one pound of fine silver. With power to
establish counties, manors, &c., to make and administer laws,
appoint magistrates, and to benefices, establish customs and ordi-
nances as near as may be agreeable to those of England, transport
people thither from England, or his Majesty's islands and colonies,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 123
1670.
. and export goods from or import them into any of his Majesty's
ports in England or elsewhere, paying the usual customs and duties.
With license to export, custom free, all sorts of tools necessary for
planters. Said grantees to enjoy all customs and subsidies assessed
within said islands by consent of the freemen ; and power to sell or
dispose of any part of said islands ; and to confer on any of the
inhabitants marks and titles of honour, so as they be not the same
as are conferred in England. Also power to build forts, castles,
towers; appoint governors and other officers, civil and military;
to muster and train men ; make war and exercise martial law.
Said islands not to be subject to or depending on any other Govern-
ment or Colony, but immediately upon the Crown of England ;
with power to the grantees to grant indulgences and dispensations
with regard to religious worship. 6 Membs. Patent Roll, 22
Car. II., pt. 9.]
1670 ? 312. "A short computation of expense in settling and improving
the Bahama Islands for the first three years/' vizt. : For transport-
ing 300 families, or 1,000 persons, 12,000?.; subsistence, tools, and
other necessaries for six months, 25,000?. ; 600 slaves, 18,000?. ;
recruiting the settlement for three years, 27,500?. ; 8,000 negroes to
be delivered at Providence in two years before any returns can be
expected, 200,000?. ; the like value in British goods ; wages and
provisions for 200 workmen, 30,000?. ; fortifications already made,
40,000?., and to be made, 50,000?. ; besides agency, sloop hire, and
additional subsistence to the King's garrison of 100 men ; amount-
ing in all to 633,000?. 1 p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 83.]
Nov. 1. 313. Lord Ashley to Joseph West. Acknowledges receipt of
his letter of 27 June last (see ante, No. 203). Doubts not that his
care and prudence, which have so much contributed to the promis-
ing condition of the settlement in Carolina, will answer the ex-
Shaftesbury pectation we all have of his management of this affair, and Lord
Papers. Ashley himself very much relies upon him in it. Hears the Port
Royal, which was thought to have foundered in the storm, was
run on shore on the Bahamas. Begs, that he take care to get as
many of the men who were saved, which will be a good addition
to his number and strength. For the well ordering the manage-
ment of the provisions is informed that if a right course be taken
in planting, the people may be maintained in future by the pro-
ducts of the county. The Spanish Ambassador has assured Lord
Ashley that Mr. Rivers and the rest detained by the Spaniards
at St. Katherine's shall be re-delivered. Is told that upwards of
2 cwt. of ambergris has been taken up at Ashley River, but
neither West nor Governor Sayle have given any account. Desires
he will diligently inquire into the matter. Does not expect that
any of those who the Lords Proprietors have been at the charges
of transporting and maintaining in a fruitful country would make
their Lordships so ungrateful a return as to go about to defraud
them of their just rights. And as they shall take care that nobody
there shall be oppressed in his just rights and liberties, so they
expect that nobody should offer to injure them by such fraud, as
124
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Nov. 3.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Nov. 4.
Barbadoes.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
they will not suffer him to use to his neighbour. Looks to hear
from him concerning this, and by every opportunity concerning the
state and progress of affairs. And that he may not hereafter
mistake the name of the place he is in, he is to take notice that
the river was by Capt. Sandford long since named Ashley Biver,
and is still, to be called so, and the town he has now planted out
he is to call Charles Town, His present palatine is Lord John
Berkeley, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, who has succeeded the Duke
of Albemarle, deceased. l pp. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX.,
No. 55, pp. 3, 5.]
314. Release from Anthony Lord Ashley of his eighth part of
the propriety of Carolina to Thomas Stringer of St. Clement Danes,
co. Middlesex, upon trust for the benefit of the son and heir of the
said Anthony Lord Ashley and his heirs male for ever. With power
to said Lord Ashley to revoke and make void the same. Signed by
Lord Ashley, with seal. Endorsed, " The release of Carolina to
Mr. Stringer." [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 43.]
315. " Barbados Prockmation." Whereas certain intelligence is
now come from Ashley River, in the province of Carolina, by the
Carolina frigate, Capt. Henry Brayne, now riding in Carlisle Bay,
that all those people who departed hence about 12 months past in
said frigate for the settling of the province are in very good health
and safely arrived at Ashley River, and settled in a very rich and
fertile soil in 32 45' N. L., the river convenient for ships of 100 to
400 tons, and which beyond all men's expectations produces all
manner of plants which this island affords, of which experience has
been had in planting sugar canes, cotton, ginger, tobacco, potatoes,
yams, corn, &c., and that from this day forward there will be no
need of supplies from hence, as what is planted will be sufficient to
maintain them and to spare, the friendly Indians supplying them
with deer, fish, and fowl in great abundance, as likewise assisting
them to plant. For the better expedition in settling said province
the Lords Proprietors have provided said Carolina frigate for the
transportation of such people, with their servants, negroes, or utensils,
as will be ready to depart within 30 days from the date hereof.
All persons as formerly underwrote 1,000. or more of muscovados
sugar towards defraying the charge of setting forth Capt. Hilton
on the discovery of said province of Carolina will have certain
quantities of land allotted to them in consideration of their dis-
bursements, according to the terms promised, said land to be run
to every such person before 25th March next. As likewise those
who are now minded to transport themselves for this present expe-
dition in said frigate shall have the benefit of the ensuing articles
for grants of land, &c. confirmed unto them at their arrival in
Ashley River by the GoA T ernor and agents of the Lords Proprietors ;
those not able to pay for their own passage or furnish themselves
with provisions shall for the same pay to said Lords Proprietors,
within two years after their arrival at Ashley River, 500 Ibs.
merchantable tobacco, cotton, or ginger, or what they shall first
produce ; all persons willing to transport themselves on these terms
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 125
1670
to repair to John Strode, merchant, at St. Michael's Town, where
Capt. Henry Brayne will confirm their agreement, Major Nath.
Kingsland at Windward, Thos. Colleton at the Cleift, Sir^ John
Yeamans at Leeward; these may also put names timely in the
secretary's office, according to the custom of this place, to prevent
the ship staying for their tickets. Annexed,
315. i. The conditions of the grants of the Lords Proprietors of
Carolina to those that settle therein. Endorsed by John Locke,
as above. 2 pp. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 44.]
Nov. 6. 316. Commission appointing Major James Bannister Major-
General of all the forces in the island of Jamaica, under the orders
of the Governor and Lieutenant-Governor. Also note of the pro-
visions necessary for victualling his ship. Endorsed, Mr. Ranger's
note for provisions and other necessaries for Major Bannister's
vessel, and with notes by Williamson, 5QI. or 60/. given to Major
Bannister for providing himself with these things. Two papers.
3 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., Nos. 84, 85.]
Nov. ? 317. Draft in Williamson's hand, with corrections, of the above
commission to Major James Bannister. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXV., No. 86.]
Nov. ? 318. Copy of commission to Maj. Bannister, not so full, but to
the same effect as the above. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 27, p. 84.]j
Nov. 6. 319. Names of the persons agreed unto to be inserted in the
commission and instructions for fetching off the English from
Surinam, viz., Major James Bannister, Capt. Francis Yates, Thomas
Stanter, Lieut. Henry Masey, Capt. James Maxwell, Lieut. Tobias
Bateman, Capt. Christopher Reader, Henry Ayler, Master of the
America, Richard Colvile, Master of the Dutch Flyboat, and John
Ranger, Master of Major Bannister's Flyboat ; any three to be a
quorum, of whom Bannister, Yates, or Ayler to be one ; to whom
only the additional instructions (after shipping the English from
Surinam) are to be directed, impowering Bannister (and in case of
death or absence, Yates and then Ayler) to give orders to the
masters of the two merchant ships. Lord Arlington promised to
speak to the Duke of York about the instructions to the masters
of the hired merchant ships. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV.,
No. 90*.]
Nov. ? 320. Draft commission to Major James Bannister and others
[names not given in this copy, see preceding] for removing the
English and settling all disputes at Surinam. Refers to the Articles
of Surrender of Surinam between Col. Wm. Byam and Admiral
Abraham Crynsens, which were confirmed by the Treaty of Breda,
and afterwards ratified by said Crynsens and others on | April
1668 ; also the orders of the States General of the 4th and 21st
August past, to Commander Lichtenberge, Governor of Surinam
[see ante, No. 219]. For the better execution whereof, and that
all disputes may be fairly settled, his Majesty has appointed the
aforesaid Commissioners to demand and treat with Commander
126
COLONIAL PAPERS.
Oct.?
Nov. 6.
Whitehall.
Nov.?
Nov. 6.
Whitehall.
1670.
Lichtenberge concerning the execution of all that has been agreed
upon or granted to his Majesty's subjects in that Colony, particu-
larly as to their liberty of departing thence with their slaves and
goods. Draft, with corrections in the handwriting of Williamson,
who has endorsed it, Minute, 1670. 4<pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XX V.,
No. 87.]
321. Fair copy of the preceding. 5 pp. [Gol. Papers,
Vol., XXV., No. 88.]
322. Entry of the above commission to Major James Bannister,
Captain Francis Yates, Thomas Stanter, Lieut. Henry Masey, Capt.
James Maxwell, Lieut. Tobias Bateman, Capt. Christopher Reader,
Henry Ayler, Richard Colvill, and John Ranger. [Col. Entry Bks.,
No. 77, pp. 20-28, No. 78, pp. 75-79, and No. 93, pp. 10-11.]
323. Draft, in the handwriting of Williamson, of part of Com-
mission for fetching off the English from Surinam. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 89.]
324. Instructions to Major James Bannister, Capt. Francis
Yates, Thomas Santer, Lieut. Henry Masey, Capt. James Max-
well, Lieut. Tobias Bateman, Capt. Christopher Reader, Henry
Ayler, Richard Colvill, and John Ranger, the King's Commissioners
for bringing off from Surinam his Majesty's subjects, their families,
and estates. Calendared ante, No. 304. 3 pp. [Col. Entry Bks.,
No. 77, pp, 29-31, No. 78, pp. 80-84, and No. 93, pp. 11-12.]
Nov. 6. 325. Additional instructions to Major Jas. Bannister, Capt.
Whitehall. Fras. Yates, and Henry Ayler. As soon as they are freed from
Surinam to sail for Barbadoes, St. Kitts, or any of the Leeward
Isles or Jamaica, and suffer such people as desire it to settle there.
To send home an account of their proceedings, and whether the
Articles for the first surrender of Surinam made by Col. Byam have
been observed. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bks., No. 77, p. 32, No. 78,
pp. 85-86, and No. 93, p. 13.]
Nov. 6. 326. H. Slingesby, Secretary to the Council of Trade, to Joseph
Queen Street. Williamson, Secretary to Lord Arlington, at his lodgings in Scot-
land Yard. Having notice that Sir Philip Frowde's son, one of
his clerks, whom he ordered to call upon Williamson for copy of
the Articles of Surinam had misbehaved himself, and left a note
about said Articles in a slighting way, begs to have a copy of said
paper, with an account of his clerk's carriage in the business.
Yesterday, upon Major Bannister's motion for leaving out of his
commission and instructions some of the English planters at Suri-
nam, who might be unwilling to leave the place, it was ordered by
the Council that Thomas Stanter and Lieut. Tobias Bateman be
left out, and one Gerrard Marshall, Master Mate of the America,
put in; which Williamson will be pleased to have done. 1 p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 90.]
Nov. 7. 327. Govr. Wm. Lord Willoughby to Col. Codrington, Deputy
London. Governor of Barbadoes. Sends copy of petition and reasons lately
put to the Council for Foreign Plantations by some who pretend to
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 12/T
1670.
be employed for the Leeward Isles, together with his own answer.
If the Leeward Isles have the same desires with the petitioners,
cannot but think they are acting the part of him that saws off the
bough he sits on. What the result shall be neither knows, nor, for
his own private interest, has he any reason to care, for he would be
quitted of the troublesome and hazardous part of his Government,
from which he could never aim to reap any pleasure, profit, or
advantage ; but cannot easily be persuaded that the projectors are
in earnest. Holds it advisable that they immediately send copies
of these papers to the Leeward Isles, that if parties in this project
they may see how much they have mistaken their interest, and if
not they may take the speediest course to vindicate themselves.
Has it from very good hands that Sir Charles Wheler, one of the
farmers of the 4 per cent., is to be the man, which may be worthy
most serious consideration ; and it is fit they should be acquainted
that the building of forts and supply of soldiers and ammunition is
what he has often pressed on his Majesty as absolutely necessary,
and has always purposed to appoint a Lieutenant- General among
them ; so these things are only a blind by the petitioners, whilst
they introduce their destructive dividing design, which must end
either in the ruin of those islands, or in subjecting Barbadoes to
a Lieutenant-General resident at St. Kitts. Has also sent a copy
of the Council's letter, and inquiries, which they are requested to
answer. If clipping his wings be for his Majesty's honour and
the advantage of Barbadoes, though by misfortune a Leeward
planter, he will never oppose it, but has given his reasons, as in
duty bound, and let reason prevail. Encloses,
327. I. The Council for Foreign Plantations to himself, Lord
Willoughby. His Majesty having constituted them a
standing Council for all affairs concerning his foreign
plantations, it is his Majesty's pleasure that all Governors
give them frequent information of the condition of their
Governments. Desire him to send a copy of his com-
mission and instructions, and return answer in writing to
the several heads of inquiries herewith sent with all con-
venient speed.
327 II. Inquiries to the Chief Governor of Caribbee Islands
concerning their strength and condition. 1670. Sep. 29.
Read at a meeting of the Assembly at Barbadoes April 19,
1671. Together 5 pp. [Col Entry Bk, No. 13, pp. 21-26.]
Nov. 7. 328. Lord Ashley to Sir John Hayden. The courtesy where-
with he entertained " our people " at their passage to Carolina,
and the forwardness with which he hath assisted their new settle-
ment there has obliged several persons of some consideration in
Shaftesburj- England, whom he will not find unmindful of his favour. Has a
Papers. particular sense of his kindness himself, and shall be very glad of
an opportunity to repay him otherwise than by bare acknowledg-
ments. Begs his favour to search into the truth of a matter of
some moment in reference to 2 cwt. of ambergris, said to have been
128
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Nov. 9.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Nov. 9.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
taken by some of " our people," a part whereof belongs to the
Proprietors. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 55, p 9.]
329. Henry Brayne to Lord Ashley. Has written of all proceed-
ings from Virginia and the hopes of their settlement if it be but well
managed, for the coast and country will answer any man's expec-
tations, both as to navigation and plantation, and the greatest of
our wants is good men of reason, fit for a commonwealth, for
though the Governor is ancient and crazy, yet if there was but
a wise council of planters it would be for the good of the settlers
and a great encouragement to lay out their money, but are now
constrained to follow the rules of those who are ignorant, greatly
to the ruin of the settlers. Assures his Lordship there are but
four or five men of the Council that have any reason, viz. :
Capt. West, Messrs. Bull, Scrivenor, Dun, and Dalton, who are
good honest men but know nothing of planting ; if there were
more of the Council who did their grievances would soon be
remedied. Complaints against Capt. O'Sullivan, Surveyor-General,
for his rash and base dealings and abuse of the Governor, Council,
and country ; his surveying very irregular and gives no satisfac-
tion. Suggest the appointment of a new surveyor. Has hitherto
been as great an encourager as any one ordinary man to the design,
and has the best stock of any three men in the Colony, but his
grievance is that he has not as yet a convenient piece of land
worth making a settlement upon, though Sir Peter Colleton pro-
mised he would get Brayne a patent for 5,000 acres of land for
" the moneys, &c. I was out at Cape Faire (sic), and for my first dis-
covery with Col. Sandford," which he begs his Lordship to grant
to him, with liberty to take it up in any part of the province,
and upon which he will put 30 hands and will get 60 more to
settle by him on their own lands adjacent. Asks permission also
to take three or four small guns out of the ship for the safety of
said Settlement. Is heartily sorry that Mr. Rivers and the rest
are detained by the Spaniard, and, as "I have the Portugal
language/' thinks he could procure their liberty the next summer
if commanded by his Lordship. Mr. Colleton, and Mr. Strowd,
the merchant, have furnished the ship with necessaries and pro-
visions for passengers and seamen to 1007., and almost 20 servants
betwixt himself and one Justice Harvey. We do dearly want
another vessel that may sail at a small charge, which Brajne's
mate is very fit to take charge of. If he is to be continued in
the ship, desires a little better power, that "he may not be
threatened by such of our Governor's Council to turn me out of
the ship, or by any other men's humours for their own private
interest." Endorsed by John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section
IX., No. 45.]
330. Entry of the preceding in Carolina Letter Book. [&ketftct*
bury Papers, Section IX., No. 55, pp. 62-70.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 129
1670.
[Nov. 9.J 331. Petition of merchants and freeholders of Jamaica residing
in London to the King. The Island of Jamaica has since 1664 been
under the Government of Sir Thos. Modyford, whose prudent
government hath not only exceedingly advanced the improvement
of said island by the invitation of planters but hath also encouraged
the old and attracted new merchants and planters to proceed
vigorously in supplying those plantations with all things necessary,
and that singly upon the advantages they have reaped from the
prudent regulation and justice of the present Governor, as his
Majesty will clearly understand from the annexed petition of the
inhabitants of that island, which petitioners with all just confidence
confirm. Pray that Sir Thos. Modyford may not be removed from
said Government. Signed by J. Robinson, And. Riccard, Thomas
Ducke, Nicolas Pennyng, Will. Bragg, Andrew Orgill, Sam. Bernard,
Richard Ford, Fran. Chaplin, Jonathan Dawes, Andr.. King, Jno.
Kempthorne, John Buckworth, Richard Beckford, Ja. Lucie.
Enclose,
331. i. Petition of officers, freeholders, and inhabitants of Jamaica
to the King. That petitioners for several years lived in
this island in very poor and unsettled estate, till it pleased
his Majesty to send for their Governor Sir Thos. Modyford,
who by the great encouragement he gave to planting (more
especially by his own example, having brought and laid
out a considerable stock) induced petitioners to betake
themselves to a planting and settled condition, wherein he
daily endeavours to oblige them by many wholesome laws,
with a free and unbiassed administration of justice ; and
the loud fame hereof draws great numbers of his Majesty's
subjects from all parts to settle amongst them, to the great
benefit of this island, his Majesty's revenue, and the
English nation. Now petitioners being jealous (by reason
of various reports) that his Majesty may be persuaded to
remove so good a Governor, pray him to continue Sir
Thos. Modyford as Governor, unless his Majesty shall find
very pregnant reasons to the contrary. Signed by Cols.
Henry Morgan and Theodore Gary, Lieut. -Cols. John
Cope, Robert Byndlos, Thomas Ballard, and William Ivye,
seven sergeant-majors, 17 captains, and 13 lieutenants, 11
ensigns, 11 merchant freeholders, 2 2 merchant inhabitants,
and 251 freeholders. Endorsed, Rejected. Endorsed,
Read in Council Nov. 9th, 1870 and rejected. Together
3 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., Nos. 91, 91 1.]
[Nov. 12.] 332. Petition of several planters belonging to his Majesty's
sugar plantations to the Council for Plantations. That the growth
of said plantations has diminished one fourth and the charge of
making sugar has much increased by reason whereof the English
planter finds little or no recompense for hazard and labour, pray
their honours to represent to his Majesty how ruinous it will be to
the plantations and to trade to have any further imposition upon
the growth of said plantations. Annexed,
U 51912. I
130
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1070
Nov.
12.
22.
Westminster
Nov. 15.
Nov. 15.
Nov. 15.
Earbadoes.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
332. I. Reasons against such impositions. The English sugar
plantations are stated to employ 10,000 seamen in their
trade, and by the industry of 10,000 English planters is
produced a native commodity of 800,000?. per annum value.
2 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 94, pp. 12-14.]
333. Memorial to the Dutch Ambassadors, Joh. Boreel and Van
Brenningen, on the proposed commission concerning Surinam.
Have examined the commission annexed, and earnestly desire that
it may be amended according to the observations hereunder speci-
fied. These have reference to the obedience to be given to the
Governor of Surinam and to other details in carrying out his
Majesty's commission in Surinam so that a true report be made to
his Majesty. French also English translation. Annexed,
333. i. Commission to Major Bannister and others, see Gal. ante,
No. 320. Endorsed by Williamson. Together 3 papers.
18 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., Nos. 92-94.]
334. Order of the Council for Foreign Plantations. The Lord
President to move his Majesty that some discourse be had with the
.Spanish Ambassador how the 16th Article of the late treaty with
Spain in relation to the West Indies may be published there.
Annexed,
334. I. Article 10 of the treaty for the composing of differences,
restraining of depredations, and the establishing of peace
in America, between the Crowns of Great Britain and
Spain. Within eight months from the exchange of
ratifications they shall be published throughout the
Dominions of both Confederates, as well in the West
Indies as elsewhere. Together, 2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXV., Nos. 95, 96.]
335. Copy of the above order. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 94, p. 3.]
336. Sir John Yeamans to the Lords Proprietors of Carolina.
Has formerly given account of their affairs at Port Royal to the
time of the departure from hence of their fleet thitherwards through
his great desire to serve their Lordships in a matter tending so
much to the increase of the honour and benefit of the English
dominion. Their fleet being dispersed by the violence of storms, he
with much difficulty attained the harbour of " Burmoodoes," where
refitting, took so much time he was of necessity engaged to return
to Barbados to execute the King's commission for negotiation with
the French commissioners in the affair of St. Christopher's. Before
his departure and according to their Lordships' blank commission he
" substituted " Col. Wm. Sayle, a Bermudian, the Governor, who,
although a man of no great sufficiency, yet the ablest he could then
meet with, and by whom he had great reason to hope many of that
island would be the sooner invited to their Lordships' settlement.
Arrival of the Carolina some few days past with intelligence of the
welfare of the people there, the wholesorneness of the air, the fruit -
fulness of the earth even to admiration, the pleasant situation beyond
expression, the friendliness and ready assistance of the natives, with
whom they have contracted a perpetual peace and friendship by
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 131
1670.
articles ratified by their supreme Cassique. Account of the warlike
posture of the Spaniards and their endeavours to stir up the Indians
to prevent the English settlements, threatening destruction to those
Indians who continued their friends. Complains of the poorness of
spirit shown by Governor Sayle in this business, which may in the
future cause greater inconveniences, to prevent which Sir John intends
,oing thence the latter end of the coming summer, if possible. Will
endeavour the speedy dispatch of their ship, with what passengers
he can encourage to that design, the welfare of that Colony now
principally depending upon the increase of their strength and
numbers. Holds it his duty to give their Lordships notice that
sundry gentlemen in these parts desirous to be concerned in their
province are absolutely dissatisfied and discouraged upon considera-
tion of the 10th article in the concessions in the charter, viz., That
the lands appertaining to all Landgraves or Cassiques, with the
dignities, shall go to the heir male, and for want of issue escheat to
the Proprietors. Now they say that all such lands so assigned,
being altogether without improvement and from whence no produce
can be reaped without vast disbursements, nor advantage hoped for
till the second generation, it will be an undertaking not warranted
by discretion to hazard so great an estate upon such an uncertain
limitation, and therefore they will by no means be induced to lay out
their money in that settlement unless it may redound to them and
their heirs for ever. But as to the bare title of honour, they are
contented that in default of heirs male it may be in their Lordships'
gift, if they will have it so. Further, they say they are not satisfied
how inferior persons that hold under these Landgraves or Cassiques
shall be dealt with in case of such an escheat as aforesaid, and whether
they shall be put to compound with their Lordships in such case for
their inheritances. There are some that take exception that their Lord-
ships have not in their Concessions acquitted the produce of the country
from customs and impositions answerable to his Majesty's grant to
their Lordships, which they conceive their Lordships have omitted
for their own advantage. If their Lordships will explain themselves
in these particulars by some instrument as public as their Concessions,
it will abundantly satisfy many here who are men of purse and
parts to promote the settlement. In the meantime if their Lordships
will send him a patent for a Landgrave, with directions for laying
out the baronies belonging thereto, by a tenure free and unfettered,
so that the estate he intends to bury there may in its resurrection
become the benefit of his posterity, it will be a means the sooner to
free those persons from their doubts and jealousies and to encourage
them to go on cheerfully in the great work their Lordships have
designed. 4 pp. Endorsed by John Locke. [Skaftesbury Papers,
Section IX., No. 46.]
337. Sir John Yeamans to Lord Dudley. Refers to his preceding
letter to the Proprietors of Carolina. Intends going in person
thither this summer; his great ambition to serve his Lordship.
Sends him 12 cedar planks as the firstfruits of that glorious
province, which promises in abundance all those good things the
I 2
132
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Nov. 15.
Barbadoes.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
heart of man can wish for. Encloses letter from Henry Woodward,
who was left at Port Royal by Col. Robt. Sandford upon the first
discovery, which letter Sir John desires may be imparted to the rest
of the Lords Proprietors. Is informed that Woodward has made a
very large discovery in the colony, but is much unwilling to declare
it to the Government there, being desirous to be sent for to make it
out to their Lordships, which, if granted, will redound much to the
prejudice of that settlement, he being the only person by whose
means they hold a fair and peaceable correspondence with the
natives. Questions not at his own arrival there to have a full
relation of all Woodward's proceedings, which he will send for their
Lordships' consideration. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 55,
pp. 72-74.] Encloses,
337. i. Henry Woodward to Sir John Yeamans. Has discovered
that fruitful province of Chusytachyq, where the Emperor
resides, a country so delicious, pleasant, and fruitful that
were it cultivated doubtless it would prove a second
paradise. It lies west by north from us 14 days' travel
after the Indian manner of marching. There he contracted
a league with the Emperor and all the petty cassekas, so
that after his return by the help of (Owen) Jones they
were able to procure provisions from the natives, without
which it had gone very hard with them all. Attempts of
the Spaniards and the Indians of St. Helens to starve
them out and make them surrender frustrated by the
arrival of the Carolina ; her great guns made them retreat
to St. Augustine. The Spaniards threaten to destroy the
Indians of St. Helens, Cuinbokee and Edisto, who are
friendly to the English. Is more beholden to his agent
than anything from the public. Will endeavour to send
him some of their American rarities, their troubles at
present not permitting him to travel the country, it being
his business to wait in town and to give an account of
what relations the natives bring from the southward or
the northward. 1\ pp. Endorsed by John Locke. [Shaftes-
bury Papers, Section IX., No. 33.]
338. Sir John Yeamans to Sir Peter Colleton. Has received
his letter of 28 August with copy of his of 30 May, but not the
original. About six weeks since arrived Mr. Berrow who was in
the Port Royal bound for Carolina, a person very industrious in
taking an exact account of their unhappy voyage, which he
brought Sir John, with plots of the Bahamas, copies of which
his brother Thomas Colleton should give to him. Arrival of the
Carolina frigate from Carolina a few days since with ample
account of the people's arrival and good health, only their de-
ficiency in strength and number of people. Has withdrawn
several persons from their resolutions of other settlements, as
Col. Sharpe from New York, who intended a large settlement
there, but has suspended the same until a moderation be made
to the several exceptions specified in his general letter enclosed
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 133
1 670.
to the Lords Proprietors. Presumes the Carolina may be ready
in about three weeks to depart for said province, wherein by
his persuasion go Oapt. Godfrey and Thos. Gray, Sir John's chief
agent here with a very considerable strength of servants, and
many others unknown to Sir Peter, so needless to name. An Act
lately passed in this island imposing great penalties upon those
persuading any to go hence for other colonies which will be a
great hindrance of supplies from hence. Desires his concurrence
and urgency for a speedy answer to Jiis general letter. 2 pp.
[Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 47.]
Nov. 17. 339. Report of the Council of Plantations to the King on peti-
tion of planters and merchants of the Leeward Isles. That said
islands might be under one Go vernor-in- Chief not subordinate to
the Governor of Barbadoes, for the reasons annexed. Two papers,
both signed by Sandwich, President; Rich. Gorges, W. Alington,
Tho. Grey, H. Brouncker, Hum. Winche, S. Titus, Ed. Waller, and
H. Slingesby, Secretary. See Gal. ante, No. 268, Enclosures I., n.
2 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 97.]
Nov. 17. 340. Copies of the preceding report and enclosures. [Col. Entry
Bk.,No. $4>,pp. 15-16.]
Nov. 17. 341. Journal of the Assembly of Barbadoes. Commission read,
from Governor Lord Willoughby to Capt. Abraham Langford,
dated 19th August 1670, appointing him Lord Willoughby's sole
agent for inquiring into the collection and receipt of all revenues
belonging to his Majesty in Barbadoes and the Caribbees. Answer
and reason of Nathaniel Johnson why he did not pay the gunner
and matrosses according to order.
Nov. 17. Symon Lambert, Speaker on behalf of the Assembly, to Gov.
Barbados. Lord Willoughby, in answer to his of 20th August last [see ante
No. 236]. Thank him for his great care and pains which they
well hoped might have proved more effectual; but they cannot
despair, since his Majesty promised in his letter of 6th April to
take their addresses into consideration. Cannot judge their opposers,
but that his Excellency will deem them the representatives of the
island as best knowing their own wants. Have contracted their
addresses into the fewer and the most necessary heads to be
prosecuted. Might with more reason complain of the Royal
Company, who have not complied with" their proclamation to
furnish negroes at 171. or 2,400 Ib. sugar per head, but have
sold the best to the Spaniard, and the refuse here at near double
that sum. The laws every way effectual and speedy for the re-
covery of debts as the laws of England. The chief consideration
now before them whether the planters shall have credit from the
merchant or purchase for ready payment, which will encourage
the planter to the utmost to make good sugar, and if after all
their care they come short of the goodness of Jamaica sugar they
must impute it to the unfitness of their land ; but if his Majesty
vrill grant them a mint, ready payment will be made and the
134 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
complaints of merchants be answered. Through the unseasonable-
ness of last year the sugar proved worse than ordinary. Take
notice of his Majesty's great care in appointing the committee,
before whom they hope his Excellency will at all times appear
on their behalf. As to the 4 per cent., they have thought it
not impertinent to acquaint him, that it was given for maintain-
ing the dignity of his Majesty's authority here, the public meeting
of the sessions, the often attendance of the council, the reparation
of the forts, the building a sessions house and a prison, and all
other public charges, and therefore suppose the charge on Nathaniel
Johnson for payment of matrosses was just and warrantable, and
cannot but hope his Majesty's favour therein ; which they desire
he will speedily represent in regard the prison is utterly decayed,
and the forts soon will be the like. Have requested some gentle-
men in London to afford their utmost assistance to his Lordship
in accomplishing their desires to his Majesty, and defending their
rights ; which they desire his Excellency to take in good part,
for they neither doubt nor fear his prudence or care, but desire
him to be their director. 17th November, 1670.
Nov. 17. Symon Lambert, Speaker of the Assembly, to the Gentlemen
Barbadoes. Planters in London, viz., Sir Peter Colleton, Sir Paul Painter,
Henry Drax, Philip Bell, Constant Sylvester, Edward Pye, Thomas
Wardall, Col. Thomas Middleton, Jacob Lucy, John Bawden, Major
John Gregory, and Ferdinando Gorges. Refer to addresses to his
Majesty delivered to Governor Willoughby on leaving the island
in 1668, to his Excellency's letters of 20th May and 20th August
1669. Taking his Excellency's advice have lately sent him a
petition to his Majesty with fewer heads, begging his prosecution
thereof; which letter, petition, and addresses are herewith enclosed ;
and for that his Excellency's great concerns may not permit his
often attendance, desires them, as greatly concerned in the welfare
of this place, to apply to his Excellency to enforce their last
addresses ; assist at all times before his Majesty and all Com-
mittees, in asserting their wants and preventing anything that may
be prejudicial ; and let them know how all things move. His Excel-
lency is acquainted with these their desires ; and what charge may
be expended will be discharged out of the first goods raised for any
public use. Refer to the charge for the matrosses being denied by
the Receiver here of his Majesty's revenue by his Excellency's
order, and his commission to Capt. Langford. Heads of addresses
sent by his Excellency in November 1668, to be presented to his
Majesty. 1. To represent their sense of his Majesty's care. 2. The
abuses in the Customs and mistakes of sugars. 3. Liberty to
transport commodities to any place in amity with England, upon
security given for payment of duties. 4. To set up a mint.
5. The great inconvenience of patents. 6. Customs on goods from
England to be taken off. 7. The customs on strong liquors in
England to extend to those made here. 8. For procuring a
charter to be made a body corporate, and to have all the powers
formerly granted to the Earl of Carlisle. Also those to be now
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
135
1C70.
Nov. 18.
presented [see ante, No. 299].
No. IS, pp. 6-14.]
Together Si pp. [Col Entry Bk.,
342. Warrant to the Attorney- General. Whereas his Majesty
by Commission^under the Great Seal of 30th July last constituted
Edward Earl of Sandwich, Richard Lord Gorges, Wm. Lord
Allington, Thomas Grey and Henry Brounker, Sir Humphrey
Winch, Sir John Finch, Silas Titus, Edmond Waller, and Henry
Slingesby his Majesty's Council for Foreign Plantations, and
granted them certain yearly salaries, viz., to the Earl of Sandwich,
as President of said Council, the sum of TOOL, and to each of the
Council 500. ; his Majesty's pleasure is that the Attorney-General
prepare a Bill to pass the Great Seal authorising the Commis-
sioners of the Treasury to pay said salaries to said Earl of
Sandwich, &c., so long as they shall serve as members of said
Council, quarterly at the four usual feasts, to commence from
Midsummer last ; and also to said Henry Slingesby or his assigns
the further sum of 1,OOOZ. by the year to be employed for inci-
dental charges relating to that service, according to such warrants
as he shall receive from said Council. Mem. This warrant was
signed anew the 2nd Dec 1670, with the addition of a grant to
Dr. Benjamin Worsley of 300?. by the year, in consideration of
the assistance he has already given and r>hall hereafter give in
matters relating to his Majesty's Plantations. 1 p. [Dom. Entry
Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 33, p. 59 fc]
Nov. 20. 343. Henry Brayne to Lords Proprietors of Carolina. His last
Barbadoes. was dated from. Virginia, 12 June, wherein he rendered a full
account of all proceedings from Bermuda to Port Royal and from
thence to Ashley River, before called Keywahah. Death of Mr.
Shaftesbury Burgh, so applied to Maj.-Gen. Bennett and Capt. Godwin, who
had their Lordship's goods in possession, and we're very ready to
assist, as was also Sir Wm. Berkeley. Sailed on 4th August, met
with a hurricane, but saved his ship, though a great deal of damage
was done to the planters' crops and houses (in Virginia) so that
tobacco will be extraordinarily dear. Anchored at the mouth of
Ashley River 22 Aug., and seeing Indians ashore, went in his boat
with Mr. Carteret and two Indians of our country ; account of their
adventures with some Spanish Indians or Westoes, who fired upon
them as they rowed off. Found all the Colony in arms, the Governor
having been told by our Indians that Brayne's ship was one of the
Spanish ships. Acquainted the Governor and Capt. West with what
had passed, and desired that a party might be sent out against the
Indians who opposed them, but nothing was done, tho' all the sea-
men were willing to go. Is certain that if the Indians find they
are let alone in their roguery it will increase their boldness and
animate them on to more mischief. Through the ill-contriving of
the Governor and Council, as Brayne understood by Messrs. Bull and
Owen, neither Mr. Rivers nor the rest have been brought away
[from St. Augustine], but Capt. Bayly has been left in the friar's
hands, he being a person of very good worth and a good linguist.
136 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Consulted the Governor and Capt. West as to lading his ship with
timber for Barbadoes or what else they could think on, but they
answered that all the time Capt. Brayne was absent they were fain
to put the people to a pint of peas a day, which sharp allowance
was the cause of their having done little work and of no timber
being ready to be shipped, as the distraction they were in about
those Spaniards made them think it better to fortify themselves as
strongly as they could, and to send Brayne away to Barbadoes
before the foul weather set in. Fell down to the river's mouth, and
met the sloop that was hired in Barbadoes, when we went down to
Port Royal, deeply laden with corn, but not above two passengers,
being afraid to venture because of the Spaniards, and of their
dislike to the Governor, which Brayne read in some letters from
Bermuda to some of our gentlemen that came out of England.
Set sail for Barbadoes 23 Sept, where he arrived 31 Oct., being
becalmed 12 or 14 days, and finds abundance of people making
read} 7 to go down with him, from the good reports they hear of
our country, assuring themselves that in one, two, or three years
they will live there very happily and comfortably; the seamen
have also a great fancy to settle there, and are going to apply for
their wages to fit themselves out, he could not any longer keep
them off their pay. -Capt. Godfrey and five hands go with him,
also Mr. Gray, overseer to Sir John Yeamans, and 10 able men,
most of them carpenters and sawyers. Mr. Stroud, the merchant,
and Justice Harvy is sending down his son with 10 or 1 2 more
hands. Sir John Yeamans has many more, who will in a short
time be ready, and himself and friends will get about 10 hands, so
shall be forced to get another vessel, and hopes to sail in about a
month and touch at the Leeward Isles, especially at Antigua, where
are abundant [persons] ready to desert, being a mere grave, and
will never advance the King's interest, and where terrible hurricanes
destroy their crops and houses every year. As our design is so
likely to be prosperous they dearly want another vessel, either a
pink of 70 or 80 tons or a ketch of 50 or 60 tons, which their
Lordships would find both useful to their own interests and that of
the country's. The Port Royal was cast away upon the Bahamas
by the master's own wilfulness, and there is only Brayne's ship to
depend upon, and she has been a long time off the ground and will
want sheathing ; the necessity of another vessel. Supposes he shall
carry down 150 or 200 people more, besides those who will come
in the spring from other places when the country will be safely
settled. Will then load with timber for Barbadoes, and with sugar
from thence as deeply as she can swim to arrive in the Thames
about the end of July, which freight will pay the seamen's wages
and then fit her out again for our country, when he makes no
question of having 200 or 300 people out of London. Recommends
his mate, John Coming, a very honest, trusty, and able man to
command said vessel, he having already an interest in our country,
and knowing our coast and rivers, &c., and the bearer of this letter.
4 pp. Endorsed by John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section
IX,, No, 48.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
137
1670.
Nov. 20.
Barbadoes.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Nov. 20.
Barbadoes.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
344. Henry Brayne to Lord Ashley. Understands that Capt.
Gilbert, the bearer, hath a great inclination to our country, and
believes if his Lordship gives Capt. Gilbert any encouragement he
can get abundance of his sect or friends to settle, he having a very
good ship for that purpose. Has heard Gilbert say he would come
and see us if he could have encouragement as to a freight that
might be worth his time. Endorsed by John Locke. [Shaftesbury
Papers, Section IX., No. 50.]
345. Henry Brayne to [Sir Peter Colleton]. Received his letter
at Virginia advising Brayne to take in cattle, hogs, and provisions
for our colony and to follow his former instructions to take the
goods brought from Port Royal to Mr. Hallett and his brother
Thomas Colleton and take their advice how to proceed. Thinks Mr.
Stroud a more convenient man for that purpose who is a great settler
and promoter of our design having with Justice Harvy got almost
20 people to send down. Stroud and Thos. Colleton have taken up
about 100?. to furnish our ship with necessaries and provisions for
carrying on" our designs. Hopes to have a quick passage being so
late in the year. Complains of having only heard from Sir Peter
once and of the want of stores for his ship which has been almost
18 months off the ground. About the account of the ship's stores
and men to Thos. Colleton which he was ordered to give and which
he has faithfully done. Her gains but little at present, only
2,400 Ibs. of sugar for the passage of a young man and 1 3 hogsheads
of tobacco from Virginia to Barbadoes. Could not take in a freight
of timber at our colony, being tied by his instructions to follow the
orders of the Governor and Captain West who said the safest way
was to send Brayne for more people. Hopes now by the going down
of Captain Godfrey, Mr. Gray and other ingenious planters that
things will be better carried in future. If it be not convenient for
Brayne to come home in the spring begs Sir Peter will send him to
the value of 501. in commodities fit for New York as shoes, stockings,
hats, blue linen, &c., with which it will be very useful to pay the
carpenters and seamen. Proposes to fit his ship at New York, and
as to the management of all things hopes power will be given to
Thos. Colleton, Stroud, Sir John Yeamans, Major Kingsland, and
himself. Our Governor is not fit, being very aged and feeble and
having gone through a great deal of sickness of late, inclining much
to the lethargy dropsy and other diseases, that what small reason
he had is almost taken from him insomuch that he is hardly " com-
l>ti* mcntes," and Brayne wishes him safe to his own house ao-ain
at Bermudas. It is much doubted whether he can live, for Brayne
left him sick and does not know whether he has recovered. Will
pawn his own life that Sayle is one of the unfittest men in the
world for his place and his being Governor keeps our settlement
very much back and very chargeable to their Lordships. But
though the Governor is crazy, yet if there were a wise council or
three or four men of reason, planters who knew what did belong to
settle such a country it would be to the good of the country and
138
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1G70.
Nov. 22.
Barbadoes.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Nov. 23.
Barbadoes.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
their Lordships' interest. Brayne has himself the greatest inteiest
of any one particular man in the country. As to the accuracy of
his account has not charged one shilling more than his just right,
which he desires may be paid to Peter Jones, Sir Peter Colleton's
Secretary, if living. Wishes a commission from the Duke of York for
the command of his ship and men, &c. There arc only himself, 15
men and one boy in the ship, which is as little as possible he can
sail her with safety. Has sent by Mr. Gilbert eight barrels of
powder which were damnified in the storm and he desires may be
changed. Will keep three barrels and deliver five barrels to Captain
West. 4 pp. Endorsed by John Locke. {Shaftesbury Papers,
Section IX., No. 49.]
346. [N. Carteret] to [Sir George Carteret], Arrival of the
ship (Carolina) on the coast [of Carolina] 22 August when Captain
Brayne, himself with two others and an Indian went ashore ; a flag
of truce, which proved to be a white handkerchief, displayed by
some Indians who turned out to be Westoes, but seeing a great
number in ambush caused them to row off again. Account of the
efforts of the Westoes to surprise and take them and of their firing
upon them before they could get to their boat. Arrival in Ashley
River where they were received joyfully. How Captain Bayly and
the Marshal of Key-awah who went to St. Augustine in a sloop com-
manded by the Governor Sayle's son went ashore with letters to the
friar and the Governor of St. Augustine, and were detained as
pirates for want of credentials. 3 pp. Endorsed by John Locke.
" N. Carteret to Sir G. Carteret, 22 Nov. 70." [Shaftesbury Papers,
Vol. IX., No. 51.]
347. Thos. Colleton to [Sir Peter Colleton]. Concerning bills
given to various persons for payment for negroes for the Windward
Plantation ; also Capt. Brayne's account. Sir Peter ought to take
care to have things better ordered at Carolina, for not a stick came
away from there in the ship, and 100 men upon the place, and all
for fear of two or three Spaniards and a few Indians. The people
mind solely their own interest, and not the Proprietors, who they
think are bound to maintain them. About freight of cattle and
goods. Begs instructions may be sent to the Governor and Capt.
West to follow Colleton's orders as to the loading and sailing of
the Carolina, by which means his vessel will do a great deal more.
Looks upon the present Governor as very unfit, and if the Bermudians
do not come to him this year he ought to be changed for a more
active, prudent man ; but if he had a good Council he would do
well enough. Suggests his having a blank commission empowering
himself and others to appoint a new Governor in a case of necessity,
for Sir Peter is so remote and it is so long before he can hear from
hence that all may be lost before he can remedy it. Capt. Brayne
has reduced the number of his seamen from 20 to 16 ; two or three
have settled in the country, and others are going home to bring
their families to do so ; a cargo of commodities for seamen's apparel
very necessary. Capt. Brayne wishes Colleton to write in his
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
139
ItiTO.
Nov. 28.
Jamaica.
Nov. 29.
Barbadoes.
favour. New York a better place for cattle and horses than
Virginia, the former about 50s. a head at New York and provisions
cheaper ; so is clearly of opinion that Carolina should be stocked
from thence and not from Virginia. Business matters ; shipping of
molasses, rum, and tobacco ; the best way to employ the Carolina.
Doubts not that 80 people will settle from Barbadoes, besides
what may be expected from the Leeward Islands. Indeed the
Proprietors are much obliged to John Stroud, who could not have
done more to promote the design had he been their agent, and has
engaged several of his own relations to go, and is a copartner him-
self. Thinks about 150 will go by the next shipping and upon the
John and Thomas, a ship of our own. Entreats the Proprietors to
thank Stroud for his kindness and to grant him a considerable
parcel of land. Both himself and Capt. Brayne believe J. Stroud
will be fitter for liis concernments than Capt. Hallet, who is, as it
were, strange to them all. Has been constrained to take up bills
on account of fittings and provisions for the Carolina; remarks
thereon ; the difference of taking up of sugar for bills of exchange is
30 per cent. 4 pp. Endorsed by John Locke, "Mr. T. Colleton to
Sir Peter Colleton. 23 Nov. 70." [Shaftesbury Papers, Section
IX., No. 52.]
348. Tho. Bromhall, junr., to Williamson. Is safely arrived at
Jamaica. Called in at Montserat and Nevis, which are both
much ruined by hurricanes, and doubtless this is the best place in
the West Indies. Is but a week since arrived, but was loth to
omit any opportunity of making his acknowledgments for all
favours, especially in recommending him to Col. Lynch. One
Mr. Rookes will wait on him about the encouragement of the Trade
Mercury, which, if he be pleased to join to the Gazette, it will be
to his advantage ; doubts not that when he has considered how
public a good it will be and how great a security to the peace of
the nation, he will encourage it and further oblige Bromhall.
Endorsed, Rec. Feb. 1670-1. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 98.]
349. Order of the Deputy Governor and Council of Barbadoes.
On a writ of error brought by William White, father-in-law and
guardian of James White, executor of James White, late of this
island, deceased, to reverse a judgment, dated the 28th April 1670,
obtained against him at the suit of Segar de Hem (?), attorney of
Sir John Maynard, knt., for the sum of 2,000?. and 41s. costs.
The board found error in the judgment and ordered it to be
reversed. Then follow a declaration of the state of the case, and
reasons why the judgment was in error, signed Sam. Williams and
Wm. Carpenter ; and mem. that petitioner conceives that the
proceedings there ought to be summary, and not according to
formalities of courts, but the substance and truth, else all their
proceedings in English are error, it being impossible that pro-
ceedings there should be the same as in England. Endorsed,
" Read June 5, 72." 3| pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 98*.]
140
COLONIAL PAPERS.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Nov.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
1670.
Sept.-Nov. 350. Extracts in the handwriting of John Locke of letters from
Carolina to Lord Ashley, viz. from
William Owen, Sept. 15 (calendared No. 261).
Stephen Bull, Sept. 12 (cal No. 259).
Henry Brayne, Nov. 9 (oal. No. 329).
Joseph West, Sept. (cal. No. 257).
William Sayle (cal. No. 253).
Sir John Yeamans, Nov. 15 (cal. No. 336).
Joseph Dalton, Sept 9 (cal. No. 248).
5 pp. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., No. 39.]
351. Extracts, in the handwriting of John Locke, of letters from
Carolina from the Governor and Council, Sir John Yeamans, Thos.
Colleton, Hen. Woodward, Jos. Dalton, Jos. West, Henry Brayne,
&c. (already calendared). Arranged under the following heads,
viz. : Proposals and wants ; Governor and Government ; Information ;
Provisions and stores ; Chusytachyque ; Indians ; Spaniards ; Town ;
Country; Ship Carolina; 'Planters going. 8 pp. [Shaftesbury
Papers, Section IX., No. 53.]
[Dec. 4.] 352. Petition of Randall Holden and John Greene, deputies for
the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantation, to the King.
In 1644 the chief Indian Princes of the Narragansett country sub-
mitted themselves to his Majesty's father, and renewed their sub-
mission in 1664 in the presence of his Majesty's commissioners,
who named the country the King's Province, and committed the
government to the Governor and Council of Rhode Island and
Providence Plantation, who since that year have actually governed
it, notwithstanding the many encroachments of the neighbouring
colonies of Massachusetts, Plymouth, and Connecticut. But about
last June the magistrates of Massachusetts set up printed papers
declaring the said Narragansett country to belong to them, with
offers to make sale of the lands to any who will purchase the same,
and do dispose the government thereof to Connecticut Colony. All
which is humbly submitted to his Majesty for redress. Endorsed,
Read in Council the 4th Dec. 1670. Read again the 2nd of March
1679-80. I p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 99.]
353. Order of the King in Council. That the petition of Wolf-
gang Howser, attorney of Henry Howser and James Zellar, his
Majesty's chaplains in Jamaica, concerning an allowance for main-
tenance of said chaplains, be referred to his Majesty's Council for
Foreign Plantations, to report to this Board. Endorsed, Received
17th December 1670. 17th of January reported by Mr. Brouncker
that the Lords of the Treasury will meet thereupon when notice
given. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 100.]
354. Sebastian Byar [Bayer], of the Council of Antigua to [Lord
Willoughby]. The French King has had two considerable men-of-war
and several Biscay sloops with oars, attending his islands near 12
months, one of them carries 70 guns. For facilitating the trade
has sent a considerable sum of a peculiar coin for the use of those
Dec. 7.
Whitehall.
Dec. 7.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
1670.
islands. The French endeavour to make their islands very con-
siderable, and show they set great value upon them. The
inhabitants of the English Islands suspect they are neglected. ^ p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 100*.]
Dec. 9. 355. Warrant to the clerk of the Signet. To prepare a bill for the
- King's signature to pass the Privy Seal to pay to Sir Thomas Lynch
1,OOOZ. for his equipage and expense in going to Jamaica, whereof
we have designed him our Lieutenant-Governor. Signed by the
King and countersigned by Sec. Lord Arlington. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 101.]
Dec. 9. 356. Minute of preceding. [Dow. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 34,.
p. 65.]
Dec. 14. 357. Sir Peter Colleton and other planters in London to Chris-
topher Codrington, Deputy Governor, the Council and Assembly of
Barbadoes. The prodigious power France is arrived unto has so
alarmed all the states of Europe that the writers are suspicious
England will not be long without a war, and therefore warn them
to be thinking how to defend themselves. Are informed that nigh
2,000 people are gone off Barbadoes this last year, and more are
still going. Recommend the making of a law that no man
possessed of land in Barbadoes be capable of purchasing any more,
which will uphold the number of freeholders ; next, that negroes
and servants shall be clothed with dimity, &c. of the manufacture
of Barbadoes instead of the manufactures of France and Germany,
which would find employment for many of the poor, who go off
because they know not how to subsist, and that in no trade shall
any negroes be employed, except as artificers to the masters of
sugar works on their own plantations. Parliament is now laying
a very heavy imposition on sugars, which is like to put the rates
in favour of Portugal and the refiners of England, which the writers
are labouring to withstand. The lodging some stock in England
for defraying charges for the public concerns of Barbadoes, and to
allow a salary to a person of quality to attend Councils. Desire
they will be speedy in their resolutions, for they have powerful
antagonists here, as they will see by the printed paper enclosed.
Signed also by Ferd. Gorges, Thos. Wardall, Tbos. Middleton, John
Gregory, John Bawden, John Searle, Henry Drax, John Worsam,
Ja. Lucie, and Edw. Pye. Read at a meeting of the Assembly of
Barbadoes, March 7, 1670-1. 2 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 13,
pp. 15 and 17.]
Dec. 15. 358. Extract of. a letter from Jamaica. Our fleet of 35 sail
Jamaica. are gone to take Panama^ on the South Sea, and may be landed
about this time with near 2,000 men. If they take it (which
we doubt not) there will be much money found in it, and it will
make a great noise in Europe, being so instant on the expecta-
tion of a peace to be made in the Indies. Supposes this will
be news. We have good reason for it, in that by the oaths of
several Spaniards, they are there arming men against us, whom
142
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
Dec. 18.
Jamaica.
Dec. 19.
Dec. 20.
London.
it is best to disperse before they are too strongly united. \ p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 102.]
359. Governor Sir Thos. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington.
Has received since his last two expresses from our Admiral
[Morgan] the first of 23rd November, intimating the return of
Vice-Admiral Collier from the Main, where he too.k Bio del
Hacha and possessed it above a month, and brought a reasonable
supply of provisions to the fleet ; the other of the 6th inst. ad-
vising that he was 1,800 strong, whereof 200 or 300 French and 36
ships, and was under sail to make further discoveries of the enemy,
having by prisoners been informed that about Carthagena," Puerto
Bello and Panama, soldiers were listing against the Galleons came,
to be transported against this island ; but that if want of provi-
sions or the just ends of his commission invited him on any
shore, he would instantly despatch the Betty sloop to advise of
it. Had despatched to the Admiral, before the first of these
expresses arrived, a copy of the articles of peace with Spain, inti-
mating that though he had them from private hands and no orders
to call him in, yet thought fit to let him see them, and to advise
him to mind his Lordship's letter of 10th June, and to do nothing
that might prevent the accomplishment of his Majesty's peaceable
intentions ; but the vessel returned with Modyford's letters, having
missed him at his old rendezvous, however, has returned her to
the main with strict instructions to find the Admiral out. On
the whole his Lordship cannot but be sensible how necessary a
guard these men are to this infant island, who, on notice of
Jamaica's danger, in less than four months ran together so con-
siderable a body of men and ships. All the privateers of this
port are now with the Admiral, except the logwood men, who
are grown to the number of 20 small vessels, and are like daily
to increase, and will be a good reserve on all accidents. The
differences amongst their French neighbours still increase, which
he hopes to improve for his Majesty's service, having had repeated
applications from both parties. Endorsed, Rec. 7 March 1670-1.
2 pp. [Col Papers, Vo.1. XXV., No. 103.]
360. Estimate of the charge of the carriages, powder, match,
arms, ladles, sponges, and sundry other stores and provisions of war
to be issued out of his Majesty's stores for the supply of Cabo
Corso according to warrant from the Council Board, dated
2nd December 1670, amounting to 1,464?. 18s. 8d. 1 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 104.]
$01. Governor Wm. Lord Willoughby to Col. Chr. Codrington,
Deputy-Governor of Barbadoes the Council and Assembly of
Barbadoes. Received on 14th inst. a petition from the island to
his Majesty of great importance, with a letter from the Council
and Assembly. Sent for Sir Peter Colleton and other planters the
next day to advise upon it, but all failed except Col. Drax ; and
presented it to his Majesty on 16th inst., who ordered Lord
Arlington to make a reference upon it to the Lords of the
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 143
1670.
Treasury, and two days after it was read at the Junto Council,
and Lord Willoughby was ordered to attend his Majesty at the
Treasury on the 22nd inst. ; so that by the next they may
expect a further account. Returns thanks for the 100,000 Ibs. of
sugar, assuring them that if the advancement of their concerns
requires that or a greater sum, his credit shall be at stake to
compass it. By what he has heard, even from some of their
fellow planters besides courtiers, is like to have a hard task in
justifying their good meaning in this petition, but will speak the
truth to the hazard of the loss of his Government. Read at a
meeting of the Assembly of Barbadoes, March 7, 1670-1. 1 p.
[Col. Entry Bh, No. 13, pp. 17 and 18.]
[Dec. 23,] 362. Petition of the merchants, owners, and masters of ships,
read. and inhabitants of the western parts of this kingdom adventuring
to the Newfoundland in fishing voyages, to the King in Council.
That the laws for regulating the fishery have been confirmed by
his Majesty, who by letter of 4th Dec. 1663 commanded certain
mayors of corporations and others to see them put in execution.
That notwithstanding private boatkeepers still continue to fish in
Newfoundland and great number of passengers still go there. That
the whole state of this affair is now presented in an address to the
King. Pray that the fishery may be maintained by fishing ships,
and that the mayors may depute persons to execute laws for the
fishery. Signed by the Mayors of Exeter, Dartmouth, Plymouth,
Lyme Regis, Barnstaple, Weymouth, and Poole. Annexed,
362. i. The address to the King above referred to, showing that
about 30 years since 270 sail of ships were employed in
the fishery and 20,000 seamen. That in process of time
loose persons stayed in the country, who tend much to
destroy the trade and are useless in all respects, New-
foundland being a barren island. That in consequence
the fishermen's houses are torn down, timber is burnt, and
the seamen are debauched. The fishery is carried on
without fishing ships by the inhabitants. And the French
in their seamen and shipping by their fishery do much
increase. The inconveniences through permitting private
boatkeepers being allowed to fish.
362. II. Additional powers desired by the petitioners about the
Newfoundland fishing.
362. III. Order by the King in Council upon above petition, read
at the Board 23 Dec. last, when it was ordered that Mr.
Gould and all other parties concerned should give their
attendance, who being fully heard it was now ordered
that all papers relating thereto be referred to his Majesty's
Council of Plantations, who are to consider the best ways
and means whereby the fishing trade in Newfoundland
may be regulated, advanced, and protected and secured
from foreigners and managed for the increase of seamen
and the advantage of his Majesty and his subjects ; also
to take into consideration his Majesty's charter and the
144
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
additional powers desired by the western traders, and to
report their opinion to his Majesty within 14 days.
Whitehall, 11 January 1670-1.
36*2. iv. Report of his Majesty's Council for Foreign Plantations.
Having heard the petitioners and all parties concerned,
they offer, as their opinion and advice, That his Majesty
grant, by way of addition to his former charter and rules
and orders for the government of said fishery : That all
his Majesty's subjects enjoy the freedom of taking fish in
any of the rivers in Newfoundland, provided they submit
to the orders established for the fishery. That no stranger
be permitted to take bait or fish, no inhabitant to burn
or destroy any wood or plant within six miles of the
sea shore, nor take up any stage before the arrival of the
fishermen out of England. Masters of ships to bring back
all seamen, fishermen, and others, and none to be suffered
to remain in Newfoundland. Fines and forfeitures on
offenders. Encouragement to the inhabitants of New-
foundland to go to Jamaica or other foreign plantations.
These rules and orders are contained in 29 articles.
1670-1, March 2.
362. V. Order of the King in Council approving above report
and directing Sir Heneage Finch, Attorney-General, to
prepare a bill for his Majesty's signature to pass the
Great Seal, containing his confirmation of said charter,
with the additional powers hereby ordered to be inserted
therein, as also for establishing a certain way of judi-
cature for hearing and determining felonies and murders
and other offences committed in Newfoundland. Together
24 pp. [Col. Entry L, No. 65, pp. 39-62.]
[Dec. 23.] 363. Copies of the above petition, Order of llth Jan. 1670-1,
and Report dated 2nd March 1670-1 (enclosures Nos. in., iv.).
Together 8 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 94, pp. 18-25.]
364. Thos. Colleton to the Governor and Council of Albemarle
Point, in Ashley River. Theirs by his sloop Three Brothers came
lately to hand, with their desire of speeding people thence, in order
to which the Carolina sails to-morrow with about 60 or 70 pas-
sengers, with orders to touch at the Leeward Isles to see what
more she can get, having provisions for 120 passengers besides her
crew. Also John Strode and himself send a vessel of their own,
the John and Thomas, Thos. Jenner, commander, with about 40
persons to settle on their own accounts, to whom Colleton hopes
the Governor and Council will be kind in assisting them, and also
in dispatching the ship hither loaded with timber, which will
encourage Colleton to continue a trade with them and send a great
many people to them. Entreats them also to load the Carolina
with timber on the Lords Proprietors' account, or she will hardly
return to them ; for here the seamen's wages are to be paid, and
he knows not how to produce money without effects ; it has cost
Dec. 26.
Barbadoes.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES, 145
1670.
2001. to set the Carolina to sea this time, and will cost a great deal
more. Certified copy examined 19th March 1671 by Jos. Dalton,
Registrar. Endorsed by John Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section
IX., No. 54.]
Dec. 28. 365. Alterations and additions to be made in several articles of
Sir Thos. Lynch's instructions as Lieut.-Governor of Jamaica, with
respect to the King's revenue in that island. Signed by G. Downing.
Endorsed, Additions to Sir Thos. Lyiich's instructions made by the
Commissioners of the Treasury, December 28, 1870. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 105.] "
Dec. ? 366. " Amendments " to Sir Thos. Lynch's instructions in the
handwriting of Williamson. 5 lines. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV.,
No. 106.]
Dec. 31. 367. Instructions for Sir Thomas Lynch, Lieut.-Governor of
Whitehall. Jamaica. (1.) With these instructions he will receive his Majesty's
Commission as Lieut.-Governor of Jamaica, a revocation of Sir
Thos. Modyford's Commission of 15 February 1664, and a letter
to said Sir Thos. (2.) To deliver to Sir Thos. said letter and revo-
cation, assemble the present Council and principal persons and
officers, and publish said revocation together with his own commis-
sion. (3.) Neither to augment diminish nor suspend the present
members of the Council without good and sufficient cause, but to
send to his Majesty and Council of Plantations a list of their names
and qualities from time to time. (4.) With the advice of the
Council to call assemblies, to make laws and levy moneys ; said
laws to be as agreeable to those of England as may be, and to be in
force two years and no longer unless confirmed by his Majesty.
(5.) To appoint justices, sheriffs and other officers, and not to execute
himself or by deputy any of said offices in the absence of a governor.
(6.) To examine the judicatories established there, and if defective
cause them to be amended. (7.) To establish courts o admiralty as
he shall see cause. (8.) Not to suffer any person to execute more
offices than one by deputy. (9.) To suspend or discharge all officers
upon misbehaviour. (10.) Take especial care that all salaries and
fees be within the bounds of moderation. (11.) That drunkenness,
debauchery, swearing and blasphemy be punished, and none of ill-
fame admitted to public employment. (12.) To send an account to
his Majesty and Council of Plantations of all the arms, ammunition
and stores in his Majesty's magazines, fortifications, or garrisons.
(13.) Likewise to demand an account from Sir Thos. and Sir Jas.
Modyford, how the arms, ammunition and stores sent from his
Majesty's office of Ordnance have been employed or disposed of, and
what others have been bought with public moneys ; and he will
herewith receive an account of what has for these last ten years
been sent out from said office of Ordnance [see Cal. } ante No. 294.]
(14.) To cause account to be sent to his Majesty, his Commissioners
of Treasury, and Council for Plantations, how his Majesty's
fifteenths and other duties have been disposed of since Sir Chas.
Lyttelton's return. (15.) To examine what duties and revenues
arise to his Majesty, and use his best endeavours for improving them
U 51912. K
146 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
(16.) To cause a survey to be taken of landing places and harbours
and erect such fortifications as shall be necessary, at the public
charge there. (17.) Inform whether it may be necessary to continue
the suspension of the setting apart of 400,000 acres for his Ma;
royal demesne ; and, if not, then to set apart such quantities as,
with the advice of the Council, he shall think fit. (18.) To forbear
taking advantage of penalties against any of the present inhabitants
for not manuring or planting their lands, until further directions.
(19.) To contrive that the plantations be near together, and the sea
coast first planted. (20.) To take care that all planters and
Christian servants be well provided with arms, mustered and trained,
and in case of insurrection or invasion to use martial law. (21.) To
appoint markets and fairs. (22.) That wild cattle, horses, hogs,
and sheep may be preserved, to prohibit or license hunters as shall be
judged most requisite. (23.) To encourage the improvement of cacoa
walks, plantations of sugars, indigo and vanillas, and repairing the
houses in St. Jago. (24.) To give all possible encouragement to
persons of different opinions in religion, he shall dispense with the
oaths of supremacy and allegiance, except to members and officers
of the Council, finding some other way of securing allegiance, and
suffer no man to be molested, in the exercise of his religion, so he
be content with a quiet and peaceable enjoying of it : but his Majesty
obliges him in his own house and family to the profession of the
Protestant religion, as it is practised by his Majesty in England, and
the recommending of it to all others. ^25.) To give encouragement
to merchants, and suppress the engrossing of commodities. (26.)
His Majesty is content that no custom be laid in Jamaica on any
goods exported or imported for 14 years from 18 February next ;
but that they be not exempted from custom in England, as the rest
of his Majesty's plantations. (27.) Due entries to be made of all
goods imported or exported and a yearly account transmitted to his
Majesty. (28.) To give due encouragement to the trade of the
Royal Company. (29.) Servants transported to said island to serve
four years, and every person that transports servants, for every ser-
vant, to have 30 acres of land for ever, and at the end of said term, said
servants to have 30 acres. (30.) To send as often as he can account
of the number of plantere, masters, servants and slaves, and the
wants, products, improvements and advantages of trade. {31.) To
cause the treaty for establishing peace in America concluded at
Madrid the ^ July 1670, to be published within eight months from
^ October 1670, if he can agree with the Spanish governors for a
certain day ; and at the time of publication to revoke all commis-
sions of what kind soever, to the prejudice of the King of Spain or
any of his subjects. (32.) Carefully to observe all the articles of
said treaty. (33.) For the better encouragement of all belonging to
the privateer ships to come in, immediately after the publication of
said peace to proclaim a general pardon to all that shall submit to
his Majesty within reasonable time and betake themselves to
planting or merchandising, of all offences committed from June 1660
to the said publication, and assure them that they shall enjoy all
such goods as they shall be possessed of at the time of said publica-
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 147
1670.
tion, except the lOths and loths, and that if they will plant they
shall have 35 acres by the head ; that if they will employ their ships
in trade, they shall be admitted to trade in them with the same
freedom as if they were English built ; and that if any will serve
on his Majesty's ships of war, they shall be received into bis service
and pay. But to appoint as short a time for the coming in of the
privateers as the nature of that affair will bear, and not to insist so
positively on payment of the lOths and 15ths as to discourage their
submission. (34.) In case the encouragements before mentioned
shall not have the effect his Majesty desires, to use all means by
force or persuasion to make them submit to and continue under his
Majesty's obedience. (35.) And as there are many things for which
it is not easy for his Majesty to prescribe, with the advice of the
Council to take care therein, giving his Majesty due information,
and he shall receive further ratifications as his Majesty's service
shall require. These instructions are signed by the King and
countersigned and sealed by Secretary Lord Arlington, but
probably Lynch did not receive his instructions until a month
later, for his commission bears date 5 January 1671, and a
copy of these instructions is dated 31 January following. 14 pp.
[Col, Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 107. See Col. Entry Bk., No. 27.
pp. 88-95.]
368. Reply of Capt. Robinson to the answer of the West
Country Gentlemen to his own proposals about Newfoundland
[see previous vol. of Cal, 1661-1668, No. 1,732]. The papers of
the West Country Gentlemen given in after so long premeditation
on his proposals were not very pertinent to his Majesty's interest,
but only a discourse on their own particular trade, nor is it
material to insist on Sir David Kirke's Government, how careless
or severe soever, for if there be a bad Government it doth not follow
that said Governor and planters should be removed, and so the
country left to any other nation, but rather that said bad Governor
be removed. Still asserts that Sir David Kirk e was Governor round
great part of the island, and made many of the French pay toll ;
that Sir Humphrey Gilbert took possession by patent from Queen
Elizabeth in 1586 [sic, mistake for 1583 ; he died in 1584], as Capt.
Whitbourne an eye-witness relates in his book of that plantation ;
and that there is constant destruction of stages, outhouses, and
woods, and the harbours spoiled, besides abuses between fishers
and planters without any justice between them, and no offices of
Christianity or public worship amongst them. But the thing in
hand is, whether Newfoundland ought not to be kept from an
enemy, and his Majesty's subjects encouraged and secured, being
surrounded by the French to the north and south, Placentia Bay
to the west with 100 ships before it, and the Bank to the east.
That nation are not as they were 50 or 60 years ago, when they
durst not encroach on the rights of the Kings of England, nor did
mind any trade in navigation, nor delighted in their navy strength,
nor had they men to man their few ships. Now 'tis otherwise, for
that King is busy to increase his trade and to settle plantations in
K 2
148 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
several parts, and increase his trade and navy at a strange rate, is
rich, and values not wronging his neighbours for his own profit,
and certainly will use all ways to gain such a nursery for seamen.
Knowing that country may be kept at little charge, so it may be
kept, if taken, from us, especially if the planters are taken off as
some have begged. Some say if St. John's harbour were taken
there are fishing places enough beside, as if they could not as well
take the smaller and weaker as the greater, Ha vre-de- Grace to the
north, and Freizeland to the south, and so command the whole
country. But the main thing to consider is, if the French should
take it, whereas now they employ 400 ships and 18,000 men, and we
300 ships and 1 5,000 men, they would then employ 700 ships and
30,000 seamen and others, and we be shut out of that nursery and
its returns of 700,000?. yearly, for which is not carried out of the
kingdom 100Z. per annum, which the French would make better
worth than 1 ,400,000?. yearly ; and we that have been so flourishing
a nation for seamen, have his Majesty at a loss to man his ships of
war, whilst the French King shall have at his devotion 30,000
men, which will man 90 ships. Who would believe that any
English noble spirit would plead with his Majesty against having
a strength in those parts, we having so dearly paid for it by
leaving places of concernment without forts, and power to withstand
an enemy. Besides if the French gain this to what he possesses
already, Canada, Nova Scotia, and other places, he would be an
exceeding bad neighbour to New England, New York, and
Virginia; and therefore as 500 men more would secure that
harbour, country, and trade, he presents it to his Majesty's favour,
especially at this juncture, and when their neighbours are lower
they may be called off if thought convenient. Endorsed, " Capt.
Robinson's reply to the answer of the West Countrymen about
Newfoundland, 1670. Reed, in 1676." 2 large pp. closely written.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 110.]
369. Certain arguments for a settled Government in New-
foundland, tendered by Capt. Robinson to the Duke of York, with
a description of that part of the country inhabited by the English
and French. That there hath been these 100 years a very
profitable fishing in that country, with the yearly employ of
several hundred ships and about 15,000 seamen and others. For
many years Sir David Kirke was settled there as Governor by
Charles the First, with several forts for security, and, caused the
French that fished there to pay toll ; since which they have seated
themselves at Placentia Bay, the best place of fishing, where they
have a Governor and forts. The glory of God and honour of
his Majesty exceedingly suffer in having so many thousands of
his subjects without any public prayers, preaching, baptizing,
marrying, burying, or religious observation of the Lord's Day,
which is altogether spent in drinking, every house being as it
were a tavern, so that many fishermen and planters have com-
plained to Capt. Robinson, and several have become wholly
atheistical. His Majesty's laws for the preservation of the planta-
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 149
1670.
tion are generally violated. (1.) There is a yearly destruction of
260,000 young trees, by reason of the seamen's breaking down
all their stages and other rooms at the end of the year ; (2) and
of 50,000 bigger trees by pulling off the rinds to cover their
stages, to the great hindrance of the fishing, the seamen being
constrained to travel much further in snow and ice up the country
for others, and also to come sooner, to the hazard of all from ice
and fog, so that many have lost both their ships and lives ; (3)
many looser persons out of carelessness or wilfulness set fire to
the woods to the exceeding prejudice of the country ; (4) but the
most pernicious custom is the throwing overboard at the end of
the year their press stones of very great bigness into all harbours,
to the endangering of vessels that follow, and the spoiling of as
brave and safe harbours as any in the world ; (5) there is no
plantation of equal account but has laws for Church and State
discipline, and a person to administer them, and keep the place
from foreign powers ; only this place is liable to be a prey to any
Christian or Turk that comes to surprise it, as was seen lately in
the example of De Ruyter, for had St. John's harbour 10 or 12
guns and a Governor a greater force could no more have hurt
them than Barbadoes ; (6) what is alleged against a settled
Government is for private ends, and tends to anarchy, and is
easily answered, viz., that it would occasion the forestalling of
fish, raising the price of commodities, settling more planters than
are fitting, and pulling down stages ; all which his Majesty may
take care by commands to his Governor to prevent ; as to the
last particular he knows that the fishers themselves do it, and
not the planters, through want of a Governor to restrain them ;
and reason and experience teach us in peace to provide for war ;
(7) lastly, the charge will be inconsiderable, for one penny the
" kentall " of merchantable fish, one halfpenny for refuse, and one
shilling per hogshead of oil, and the benefit of the furs which the
planters little use, and to have the benefit of the furs of the
country would make the Governor a competent salary, which they
need not grudge, who for all their fish and oil exported amount-
ing to several 100,000. pay no duty to his Majesty at all.
Endorsed, " A paper given in by Capt. Robinson in 1670, touch-
ing Newfoundland. Reed, in 1676." 2 pp. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXV., No. 111.]
1670 ? 370. Petition of Morgan Lewis, merchant to the King. Has lived
in Barbadoes for nearly 20 years, and being on his return prays
license for the transportation of 100 horses, of which there is great
want in the island. | p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 112.]
1670. 371. Six Acts of Barbadoes passed in 1670, viz., Aug. 11 (1), an
additional Act to the Act concerning the conveyance of estates ;
(2) to prevent spiriting people off this island ; Oct. 18 (3), an addi-
tional Act to the Act for establishing the courts of Common Pleas
within this island ; Oct. 19 (4), an Act to prevent the abuse of
lawyers, and multiplicity in law suits ; Oct. 21 (5), for trying all
petty larcenies at the several quarter sessions within the island ;
150
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1670.
and (6) for regulating the secretary's fees,
Printed, (Col, Entry Bk., No. XV., 75-83.)
with a list of fees.
Montserrat. 372. Nine Acts passed in Montserrat, viz. Feb. 24 (1), An Act
touching the merchants selling liquors, and that the keepers of
taphouses do not exact in selling of their liquors for money, &c., and
containing a tariff for liquors ; (2) for paying tobacco in leaf, &c. ;
(3) for planting of provisions, and disannulling of writings made
out of the secretary's office ; (4) Sept. 29, for reducing the trade
of this island unto three certain towns in the same ; and for
encouraging of those who shall bring any foreign corn unto this
island ; (5) Oct. 8, for restraining the liberty of negroes and to
prevent the running away of Christian servants, &c. ; (6) Oct. 13,
for the repairing the highways in this island, and for keeping them
so ; (7) Nov. 5, touching such as shall buy any sorts of liquors on
board any ships or other vessels in this island, and against those
who shall sell any liquors in or upon this island without license ;
(8) Nov. 19, to prevent the abuse committed by paying of such
indigo and sugar as are not fit to be received ; and that the sugars
made in and upon this island shall not pass under the rates in this
Act mentioned ; and (9) an Act that the bounds of every person's
land in this island be examined. 8 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. 49,
pp. 79-87.]
Montserrat. 373. The preceding nine Acts passed in Montserrat are in the
printed Acts passed in Montserrat 10(58-1740. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. 55, pp. 14-24.]
Montserrat. 374. Five of the above Acts passed in Montserrat, Nos. 1, 4, 5,
7 and 9, with two additional Acts, viz., 24 Feb., an Act against
the importing of rum, and turning away servants in sickness ; and
29 Sept., an Act for rating sugar, raising of foreign coin, and
preventing the plague. 21 pp. [Col. Entry Bk,, No. 50, pp. 199-
219.]
1C70 ? 375. A summary prospect of the advantages and conveniences
capable to arise to his Majesty from the planting of Jamaica. The
things in Jamaica that distinguish it from all other plantations are its
situation, largeness, and value of commodities. As to its situation,
lying off Hispaniola and Cuba, and not far from St. Martha and
Carthagena, none can be chosen equal to it, to erect as a citadel over
all the Spanish West Indies ; and consequently there is no place so fit
to be well manned, planted, and fortified, for awing or defending the
Spaniard, strengthening trade, and preventing designs of French or
Dutch. It is therefore more absolutely necessary to be regarded
than any other plantation, because it is so thinly inhabited that it
is scarce able to defend itself, there being, by Sir Thos. Modyford's
own account, not much above one acre planted for every 200 in the
island. It also lies so much to the westward of the rest of our
plantations that no speedy communication could be held or any
sudden succours sent on an emergent difficulty, so that it must rely
wholly upon its own strength. It is not yet actually confirmed to
us by the Spaniard ; the French seem to be drawing down forces
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 151
1670.
into those parts more than formerly ; and by how much the more
import Jamaica is to us by so much the more is it jealously looked
on by our neighbours. As to its largeness, it is not only capable
of receiving the greater number of inhabitants, but capable of
breeding the greater number of horses and cattle on the many and
large savannahs ; which gives the greatest encouragement of any
to plantations. As to the commodities, as no island abounds in
cacao more than Jamaica, it is easy with good management to beat
out the Spaniard ; which commodity is not only exceedingly valued
(as it is ready money in Spain, France, Flanders, Holland, and
England), but is greatly growing in request; and the profit is
such that if it keep up but the moiety of its price it will be of
far more gain to the planter than indigo, ginger, cotton, or sugar.
Wherefore if sugar has raised our plantations to far greater value
than most plantations in the world, what may we expect cacao
may do if once strenuously followed ; and if Barbadoes have risen
to be so rich by sugar alone, where land is dear and cattle, pro-
visions, and wood scarce, what may Jamaica arrive to, where all
these are in plenty. To which, if the quantity of pepper, spice,
drugs, and commodities for dyeing and joiners' use be added, it
is very evident that if well planted it might yield more wealth
than all our plantations besides. Whether, therefore, we regard
interests of State or trade, it will be found our main interest to
mind the planting, settling, and increasing of its inhabitants. 4 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 108.]
1670 ? 376. Description of and conditions of settling the island of Vaca,
[Vache] on the south side of Hispaniola, near the westernmost end
and five miles from the shore. It has a convenient harbour, for
which reason it ought to be settled to prevent the reception of
pirates or other enemies, is environed with rocks and small cayes
or islands, the principal of which is called Cay de Roy, about a
mile in compass and necessary for fortification as it commands the
harbour. The conditions to settle this island are these : (1.) A
patent under the Broad Seal, for said island, as lying vacant in
the sea without inhabitants, so the true right belongs to the first
possessor. (2.) Power to said patentees to send Governors and
other officers with such powers as have formerly been granted to
Lords Warwick and Carlisle. (3.) All fishing and royalties of the
harbour of Vaca, with all cayes and islands, to be included in the
patent. Vaca is 11 miles in length and three in breadth, and fit
for planting cotton, indigo, sugars, tobacco, and cacao, with a good
air, plenty of fish and tortoises and two small rivers. 1 p. [Col.
Peters, Vol. XXV., No. 109.]
1071. 377. The King's revocation of his commission to Sir Thos.
Jan. 4. Modyford. Whereas his Majesty did, by commission under the
Whitehall. Great Seal, bearing date loth Feb. 1664, appoint Sir Thos. Mody-
ford Governor of Jamaica, and whereas his Majesty has now thought
fit to recall him, his Majesty by these presents revokes said com-
mission, yet nevertheless Sir Thos. Lynch, Lieut.-Governor of that
island, shall enjoy all powers and privileges granted by said com-
152 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
mission to his Majesty's Lieut.- Governor. Given under our signet
and sign manual 1 Jan. 1671, has been altered by Sec. Williamson
to, We have caused these our letters to be mode patent. Parch-
ment, [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 1.]
[Jan. 4.] 378. Draft of preceding, with corrections by Williamson. 3 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVL, No. 2.]
Jan. 4. 379. Three copies of preceding. [Col. Entry Bks., Nos. XXVI I.,
85, XCIL, 471-3, and XCIIL, 16, 17.]
Jan. 4. 380. Minutes of Council of Barbadoes, present, the Deputy
Governor, Henry Hawley, Sam. Farmer, Daniel Searle, and John
Knight. Ordered that, whereas Edward Strode came into the road,
wearing the King's flag, for which he said he had authority, but
peremptorily refused to show it, he stand committed to the custody
of the Provost Marshal till he produce his authority, or the Governor
shall judge meet to discharge him. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XL,
187, 188.]
Jan. 5. 381. Commission to Sir Thos. Lynch to be Lieut.-Governor of
Jamaica during his Majesty's pleasure, li pp. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXVL, No. 3.]
Jan. 5. 382. Three copies of preceding. [Col. Entry Bks., Nos. XXVIL,
86, XCIL, 473-5, and XCIIL, 16, 17.]
Jan. 5. 383. Nicholas Blake to the King. Wrote at large, 28 Oct. last,
Bilbao concerning a settlement on St. Lucia, that it might be a good time
to undertake it, several ships going to cut timber there, since which
four of them are returned full laden and reported much good of
the place ; a gallant island, well watered with rivers and springs ;
the Indians came often among them and were very kind ; there
were a few Frenchmen sawing cedar boards, but all very peaceable.
The ship his neighbour went in shot beyond the island, so that he
has yet to seek answers to many queries, but the reports of the
place inflame many with a desire to go there, so that he is persuaded,
if his Majesty's commission come over, and people had security for
the conditions, near 2,000 would presently go down, and more
within a year. If his Majesty's ships cannot be here soon enough
to go in May it may be best that they be here in December, to be
ready in January, four months before the rains, against which time
they will have cleared much ground for planting provisions, cotton,
ginger, &c. whereby to subsist whilst they are preparing sugar
works, they will be also be better seasoned to the country and
provided with houses against the rains, only the charge will be
greater by carrying down three or four months' provisions extra-
ordinary, for they cannot plant any (so as to grow) till rains come.
If his Majesty resolve to have 2,000 acres for himself, and send
people by the first ships, provisions for six months must be sent
with them, after the rate of 4 Ib. of beef per week and ^ Ib. biscuit
per diem per man, after which there will be little need of supplies
from England. If his Majesty will lay the chief charge on Blake,
he will do the most he can for his Majesty's honour and profit, and
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 153
1671.
hopes that all will be sent as is hinted so as to be at Barbadoes in
December next, and that his Majesty will furnish the 500?. to
Jacob Lucy. Hopes his Majesty will not think it dear to have the
island settled for that sum'; thinks Sir Tho. Modyford had 1,000?.
advance and 1,000?. per annum to go Governor of Jamaica, which
was a settled place, but Blake aims at no yearly salary, nor any
more than this 500?. to be disbursed for the general good. Sends a
map of the island, which he believes is without much error; it is
much bigger than he formerly wrote, being 25 miles in length by
11 in breadth, one part with another, but imagining it only 10
miles, it will contain 250 square miles, or 160,000 acres. Encloses
a fitter compute of what may be allowed to the first adventurers.
Prays pardon for so often troubling his Majesty with his unpolished
papers. P.S. Besides the things formerly hinted, two barrels of
fine powder more for pistols and carrabins would be very necessary,
and two able gunsmiths with tools. Encloses,
383. I. Estimate of the amount of land in Sta. Lucia, which con-
tains by estimate 160,000 acres, and how it should be
allotted, viz. For his Majesty, 2,000 acres ; glebe land for
20 parishes at 40 acres per parish, 800 ; hopes his Majesty
will bestow on him 500, total 3,300 ; 200 adventurers at
50 acres per man, J 0,000; 3,000 persons within a year
furnished out by others, at 20 acres each to the under-
taker, 60,000 acres ; to each when his covenant is finished
20 acres, total 60,000; total 130,000 acres. Thus in one
year there may be 3,200 inhabitants, besides as many
more negroes, and in two years when those furnished by
others come to be free, there will be 3,000 freeholders.
383. n. MS. map of the island of Sta. Lucia, with the names of
some of the points, harbours, bays, and rivers. Together
5 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXVI., Nos. 4, 4 i. IL]
Jan. 10. 384. Sir Thos. Temple to the King. Received his Majesty's
Boston, l as t letter of 6th August 1669 on 20th June 1670, which he has
L punctually obeyed in surrendering up the country of Acady to the
French, but beseeches his Majesty to take notice that the places
named in his letter enclosed is not only the province of Acady,
but ail parts of Nova Scotia, together with part of New England,
which Sir Thos. had the honour to command. Nova Scotia is as
large as Great Britain, and is annexed to the crown of Scotland,
as appears by the records in Edinburgh Castle, and is of infinite
more value than St. Kitts. Had begun a fishing trade, which
would have brought his Majesty a great revenue and other advan-
tages, which are dwelt upon and about which he has written the
Lord Chancellor and the Lords of the Council, but never received
one word of answer. Points out the danger of the French joining
with these people of New England if they should make any attempt
upon the country. Having told the whole truth of his heart, begs
leave to acquaint his Majesty with his own sad condition and
sickness, and the ill offices done him to his Majesty, whom he has
faithfully served 12 years. The whole revenue of the fur trade
151
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Jan. 11
to
March 10.
Jan. 13.
Whitehall.
Jan. 1 3.
Whitehall.
Jan. 15.
is only 900?. per annum, of which he pays GQOl. to Mr. Elliot
and 1801. per annum for remitting it, until the war broke out,
which wholly disturbed it, there remaining but 120Z. to maintain
the dignity of Governor. Bought the propriety of a great part of
the land of which he was possessed of the late French Governor,
which cost him and his friends 10,000., the purchase drawn up by
Sir Orlando Bridgman, now Lord Keeper. His reason for first
coming to these parts was to avoid the fury and jealousy of the
Protector, having designed a way to save the life of his Majesty's
father, as George Kirk, the master of his Majesty's house, can
testify, and told Temple he had acquainted the King with the
whole design. He is now by the French denied trade with the
savages, so that unless his Majesty relieve his miserable estate he
must miserably perish in the lowest poverty. His weak condition
compels him to make use of another hand. Encloses,
384. i. The King to Sir Thos. Temple. Whitehall, 1669, Aug. 6
(see Gal. ante, No. 95). Together 6 pp. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVL, Nos. 4*, 4* L]
385. Order of the King in Council upon a petition of the
merchants, owners and masters of ships, and inhabitants of the
western parts of this kingdom, adventuring to Newfoundland in
fishing voyages. Present, the King, Duke of York, Prince Rupert,
Lord Keeper, Dukes of Buckingham, Monmouth, and Ormond,
Marq. of Dorchester, Earls of Ogle and Ossery, Lord Chamberlain,
Earls of Oxford, Bridgewater, St. Alban's, Anglesea, Craven, and
Lauderdaii, Bishop of London, Lords Arlington, Newport, and
Ashley, Mr. Treasurer, Vice- Chamberlain, Sec. Trevor, Chancellor
of the Duchy, Sir John Duncombe, and Master of the Ordnance.
This Order in Council, the report to which it refers, dated 2nd
March, and a further Order in Council dated 10th March approving
said report, are all annexed to the aforesaid petition and abstracted
therewith [see ante, No. 362]. 19pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVL,
No. 5.]
386. The Duke of York's commission to Sir Thomas Lynch.
To be Commander-in- Chief of his Majesty's ships in and about
Jamaica, provided, nevertheless, that in case it shall be judged fit
to send a fleet into America under command of any person com-
missionated as Admiral, Vice-Admiral, or Rear- Admiral, nothing
herein shall empower him to give orders to such fleet or commanders.
With power to appoint a Judge Advocate, Register, Proctor, and
Marshall of the Court of Admiralty. 1 p. [Col. Entry We., No.
XXVII., p. 87.]
387. Warrant to prepare a Bill for Moseh Pereyra of Barbadoe.s,
merchant, to be a free denizen of England, but with a clause to
have no benefit until he has taken the oaths of allegiance and
supremacy before the Governor or Deputy Governor of the island.
| p. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 25, p. 190.]
388. Christopher Codrington, Deputy Governor of Barbadoes,
to Lord Willoughby, Governor of Barbadoes. No opportunity has
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 155
1671.
presented itself since his of 24th November by Capt. Gilbert. At
the sessions in December many criminals were indicted, but now
condemned to die : those last year condemned for murder and
reprieved, not receiving from his Lordship his Majesty's pardon,
were executed. Encloses the grand jury's presentments, that his
Lordship may see their grateful acknowledgment of his favours.
A sloop arrived 23rd December from the French General with two
gentlemen and enclosed letters, more to inquire whether they were
preparing to revenge injuries received than anything else. Encloses
his answer and Col. Stapleton's letter to Sir Tobias Bridge, by
which his Lordship will perceive the French proceedings, who of
late grow very insolent ; hopes his Majesty will nip them in the
bud. About the middle of December arrived a Dutch ship from
Guinea, which had been plundered of all her cargo, which was
considerable, by the French ; by advice of the Council gave them
leave to buy provisions. Were well pleased to see the great
animosity between the French and Dutch ; to prevent mischief
was forced to secure the Dutch captain till the French were gone,
otherwise is confident they had never returned to Martinique.
At the French being here the farmers of the customs arrived, with
the King's flag in the main top ; on sending to know who was
aboard answer was returned Mr. Stroud, commissioner for the
customs, but as he refused to show his power to the Council for
wearing the flag he was committed, but two days after released,
that he might not complain he was hindered from doing his duty.
Hopes his Lordship will adjudge what punishment is due for such a
crime. Finds the country much dissatisfied that the 4|- is not
employed to the uses first intended, and doubts they will do any-
thing more for the Governor or Government. Has by earnest
persuasions got the Assembly to quarter the poor soldiers for two
months longer, before which time he hopes some care will be
taken for their support ; and has also persuaded them to promise
payment to the " mountrosses " once more at Christmas. The
Council and Assembly dined with him when he got them in this
good humour, but fears it will not last. As to placing or dis-
placing of any, waits his Lordship's commands ; he hopes his
Lordship will confirm what has been done by the Council. Has
received his Lordship's of November 7th, with enclosures, whereof
he has sent copies to all the Leeward Governors. Supposes they
will hardly own so ridiculous a thing as the petition and reasons ;
it has so nettled the people here that on a second occasion doubts
they will want that hearty assistance they formerly received.
Will take all possible care to answer tho Lords Commissioners'
queries. Are afflicted with a pestilential fever, which yet is only in
the Ridge (sic) Town, where many die ; Mr. Knights was two nights
since taken with it, but is pretty well again. Encloses,
388. 1. M. De la Barre, Governor of Martinique to the Deputy
Governor of Barbadoes. Has received orders from the Kino-
his Master of 26th Nov., that his Britannic Majesty has
written to his subjects in the islands of America to con-
tinue good correspondence with the French nation. The
150 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
French King also desires that all his subjects live recipro-
cally with the English, and on all occasions render mutual
services as if they were but one nation ; and if his
Britannic Majesty's subjects are constrained to come into
French Roads to be received with amity and permitted to
take necessary refreshment ; but all trade being excluded
believes it to the purpose that each makes a public ordi-
nance of these instructions to the people, that navigators
may avoid confiscations, such as happened to Thomas Beck,
James Thorpe and others at St. Christopher's, who were
chastised for trading with the French inhabitants. Those
honoured with command are bound to maintain the laws,
and if any imprudent Frenchman falls in error and is
punished according to form, no complaint shall be made,
and expects he will do the same. Has sent this barque
expressly to Barbadoes with a gentleman who will present
this letter and request his resolution thereon. Martinique,
1670, Dec. if.
388. II. Deputy Governor Christopher Codrington to M. De la
Barre, Governor of Martinique. Has received his of the
i-fth by MM. Salnave and Bergere and is glad of this
opportunity to let him know his desire of continuing peace
and amity between the two nations, though does not think
it fit at present to publish any new ordinance, since the
late Articles of Peace sufficiently instruct all traders how
far they may act with safety. As for the new commands,
De la Barre's publication of them in his own islands may be
sufficient, if those that arrive there have due notice, since
he is willing to believe his ordinances are to direct and not
to surprise. Has received several complaints of the severe
usage several English have received from those under his
o o
command, as seizing vessels, and plundering and impri-
soning the men ; which he hopes may be grounded on
mistakes, or if true, that he will take care that satisfaction
be made, and such rigid proceedings be prevented for the
future. Barbadoes, 1670, Dec. 27.
388. in. Col. W. Stapleton to Sir Tobias Bridge, colonel of his
Majesty's regiment in Barbadoes. This only serves to pay
his duty in not omitting any occasion to give him new
assurance of his faithful service. Their neighbours (the
French) begin again to molest Dutch and English, bringing
all under their stern that sail by St. Christopher's. They
have seized one Sleiser lately come from home, and not only
detain the vessels but commit the men. God grant it may be
their turn if there be any falling out. Refers to the bearer
for anv other news. Montserrat, 1670, Nov. 16. Together
8 pp. " [Col Papers, Vol. XXVI., Nos. 6, 6 i., IL, in.]
Jan. 17. 389. Minutes of Council of Antigua. On demand of Captain
Abraham Langford, empowered from Lord Willoughby, for an account
of the excise of wines and strong liquors in the island, and all escheat
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 157
1671.
and prize goods, and of the fines and mulcts due to the King ; it
was answered that, the King never had any excise, nor they any
escheated or prize goods or strong drink on the island. That the
return of the inhabitants was in much poverty, and many must have
perished for want if not relieved, that they fined those that deserved
fine to the relief of the poor, and can give no account thereof, but
though a small thing it belongs to his Majesty, and for the future
an exact account shall be kept. ^ p. [Col, Papers, Vol. XXV.,
No. 55*.]
Jan. 19. 39O. Warrant to pay Major Edmond Andros of Sir Tobias
Bridge's regiment in Barbadoes and the Leeward Isles the sum of
673. 6s. 8d. for clothes for the soldiers, to be defalked out of the
pay of the regiment. [Dom. Chas. II. Docquets.~\
Jan. 24. 391. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. Present, the Deputy
Governor, Henry Hawley, Sam. Farmer, Daniel Searle, and John
Knights. Ordered, that a commission issue to John Knights,
Timothy Thoruhill, John Stanfast, and William Bate, to survey all
the works and fortifications of the island, and give account of their
condition and wants at the next sitting of the Deputy Governor,
Council and Assembly 21st March next; and that a general fast be
proclaimed to be kept on Wednesday next. \ p. [Col. Entry Bk.,
No. XL, 188.]
Jan. 25. 392. Warrant to the Attorney-General to prepare a Bill con-
taining a commission to Sir Chas. Wheler appointing him Governor
of the Leeward Islands. 13 pp. [Col. Entry Bh, No. XCIL, 419-
431, see also Vol. XCIIL, pp. 22-25.]
Jan. 25. 393. Commission to Sir Chas. Wheeler, Bart., appointing him
Governor-in-Chief over St. Christopher, Nevis, Montserrat, Antigua,
Barbudo, Anguilla, and all other the Leeward Islands, which his
Majesty has thought fit to separate from the Government of
Barbadoes. With power to choose a council of 12 of the principal
inhabitants in each of the said islands, and with their advice to
summon assemblies and make laws which shall be in force for two
years and no longer unless approved by his Majesty ; to exercise a
negative voice, dissolve general assemblies, and use a public seal.
To erect courts of judicature, constitute judges and justices, and
administer oaths, provided all establishments be submitted to his
Majesty, to pardon offenders, treason and wilful murder excepted,
in which cases he may grant reprieves for a year till his Majesty's
pleasure be known, present to churches, levy and arm persons,
pursue enemies, and treat them according to the law of arms. To
prepare articles of war, agreeable to those in England, for soldiers in
pay only, to erect forts, cities, towns, &c., or demolish them. To erect
Courts of Admiralty, exercise the office of Vice- Admiral, grant his
Majesty lands under moderate quit rents, also charters to towns for
holding fairs and markets. To appoint ports and harbours, and erect
Custom houses. If a Deputy Governor die, immediately to certify
his Majesty thereof and appoint one in his place till his Majesty's
pleasure be known ; and in case he die, the Deputy Governor of
158 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Nevis shall take on him the Government till his Majesty's pleasure
be known. And his Majesty's commission or letters patent of
6th Dec. 1 669 to Lord Willoughby as to what concerns the govern-
ment of the aforesaid islands are hereby determined and revoked,
but remain in full force as to the Government of Barbadoes and the
other Caribbee Islands not above mentioned. 18 pp. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVI., No. 7.]
Jan. 5. 394. Copy of the above. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XLV.,p. 4-10.]
Jan. 25. 395. Copy of the preceding commission in which after the name
of -Sir Chas. Wheeler, Bart., Sir Jos. Williamson has struck through
"one of the captaines of our guards" and written instead "of a
company of foot in our regiment of guards under the command cf
Col. John Russell." 6 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 8.]
396. Draft of the preamble to above commission in handwriting
of Williamson. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 9.]
397. Draft of two clauses in above commission, one in William-
son s hand. [Col Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 10.]
Jan. 31. 398. Instructions to Sir Chas. Wheeler, Bart., Governor of the
Whitehall. Leeward Islands in 21 articles. To repair to Nevis, call together
the Council, cause his commission to be read, administer the oaths,
and supply vacancies in the Council, taking care they be men of
estate and ability, " and not much in debt." Not to augment nor
diminish the number of councillors, nor suspend any member without
good cause, to be forthwith transmitted to his Majesty. To send a list
of the respective councils, also copies of laws. Not to displace any
judges or other officers without good cause, or execute himself or by
deputy any of said offices, or suffer any person to execute more offices
than one by deputy. To regulate salaries, fees, &c. No man's life,
member or freehold to be taken away or harmed, but by laws agreeable
to those of England. The oaths of allegiance and supremacy to be dis-
pensed with, except to members and officers of the council, some other
way being found of securing allegiance ; and no man to be mo-
lested in the exercise of his religion, but he is enjoined to the
profession of the Protestant religion as practised in England.
Drunkenness, debauchery, swearing, and blasphemy to be dis-
couraged and punished, and none to be admitted to public trust
whose ill-fame may bring scandal thereon. All planters and
Christian servants to be well armed and trained, and an inventory
of arms, ammunition and stores sent to his Majesty. Also an
account of the numbers of masters, servants and slaves in each of
the islands, a yearly account of the increase or decrease of goods
imported or exported, and of the rates and duties payable in the
respective islands, what profits or revenues arise to his Majesty
and how accounted for. To give encouragement to merchants, and
in particular to the Royal African Company. To give account from
time to time of the wants, defects, products, and improvements of
the respective islands ; and to cause the late treaty concluded at
Madrid the -^th July 1670, to be published within eight months
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 159
1671.
from the |-|th. Oct. 1670, or sooner if he can agree with the Spanish
governors there, and at the same time to revoke all commissions
and letters of reprisal to the prejudice of the King of Spain or his
subjects, and to observe all articles of the said treaty. To take
present order for the advantage of the islands not h ereinprovided
for, provided he do not declare war without his Majesty's particular
commands. In regard St. Christopher's is best seated for govern-
ment, he is r2commended to remove thither, as soon as that part
which the English possessed on the 1st Jan. 1665-6, before the late
war with France, shall be delivered up to him. 14 pp. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XX VI., No. 11.]
Jan. 31. 399. Copy of the preceding. 6 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI.,
No. 12.]
Jan. 31. 400. Three copies of the above. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XLV.,
11-16, No. XCIL, 432-444, and No. XCIII.Jo. 26-28.]
Jan. ? 401. Mem. of cannon, muskets, and ammunition, also two draw-
bridges ready fitted, and a tent that the Master of the Ordnance is
to bargain and take care for the transportation of [to St. Kitts].
That Sir Chas. Wheeler covenants with the Master of the Ordnance
that the inhabitants shall in two years pay for the muskets. En-
dorsed by Williamson, St. Christopher's. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXVI., No. 13.]
Jan. ? 402. The King to Sir Thos. Lynch. With his instructions he
will receive his commission as Lt.-Governor of Jamaica, the revo-
cation of Sir Thos. Mody ford's commission, an exemplification
thereof, and a letter from the King to Sir Thos. Modyford. 1 p.
Endorsed by Williamson. Exemplification for Sir Thos. Lynch.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXVI, No. 14.]
Jan. 31. 403. The King's instructions to Sir Thomas Lynch, Lt.-Governor
of Jamaica. In margin passed the sign manual 31 Jan. 1671.
See ante, No. 367. [Col. Entry Bk., Nos. XX VII., 88-95, XCIL,
475-498 and XCIIL, 17-21, dated 24 February 1671.]
[Jan. 31.] 404. Extract of Sir Thos. Modyford's instructions. In reference
to customs on imports or exports at Jamaica, the first part of Art.
26 [in Sir Thos. Lynch's instructions] was altered from 2 1 years to
14 years, being the remainder of the 21 years already granted. The
latter part was left out, the five years having expired, because the
Council [for Foreign Plantations] did not think fit that the commo-
dities of Jamaica should be free of custom here. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 15.]
Jan. ? 405, The King to Sir Thos. Lynch. Whereas Sir Thos. Mody-
ford, late Governor of Jamaica, hath contrary to the King's express
commands, made many depredations and hostilities against the
subjects of his Majesty's good brother the Catholic King, it is the
King's pleasure that as soon as he has taken possession of that
government and the fortress, " so as not to apprehend any ill
consequences thereupon," he cause the person of Sir Thos. Mody-
160 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
ford to be made prisoner and sent home under a strong guard to
answer for what shall be objected against him. Then to publish
the King's proclamation, offering free pardon to all abettors on their
promise to abstain from the like in future. Draft ivith corrections.
2 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 16.]
Jan. ? 406. Note of " papers and draughts of despatches prepared by
the Council of Plantations for Sir Thomas Lynch, and delivered to
the Lord Arlington/' The revocation of Sir Th'os. Modyford's
commission; the instructions to Sir Thos. Lynch, Lieut.- Governor
of Jamaica ; a copy of the account of the arms and ammunition
sent to the plantations out of the office of his Majesty's ordnance,
mentioned in the 13th instruction, ^p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI.,
No. 17.]
Jan. ? 407. Notes of Sir Thos. Lynch's, and Sir Charles Wheeler's
despatches. For Sir Thos. Lynch ; letter of revocation to Sir Thos.
Modyford ; letter for his license to return, cypher ; commission,
instructions, copy of Sir Thos. Modyford's commission ; " know
from Sir Tho. Chichely what ordnance, ammunition, &c. sent to
Jamaica ;" " acquaint the Treasury with the instructions." For
Sir Ch. Wheeler, "letter for the living well with the French
plantations;" "letter enabling him to make Lieut.-Governors."
2 papers. 2 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXVI., Nos. 18, 19.]
Jan. ? 408. Remembrances about the dates of the despatches for Sir
Thos. Lynch, signed, H. Slingesby, Secretary. The commission
to Sir Thomas Lynch, constituting him Lieutenant-Governor of
Jamaica, to bear date in the first place ; the revocation of Sir
Thos. Modyford's commission of 15th February 1664, and the
exemplification thereof, in the second - place ; and his Majesty's
letter to Sir Thos. Modyford, and instructions to Sir Thos. Lynch,
in the last place. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XX VI., No. 20.]
Feb. 1. 409. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Present : Sir Thos.
St. Jago dc la Modyford, Bart., Governor, Lieutenant-General Sir Jas. Modyford,
Vega> Major-General Thos. Modyford, Lieutenant- Colonels John Coape,
Robert Byndlosse, and Win, Ivey, Major Thos. Fuller, Colonels Thos.
Ballard and Thos. Freeman, Majors Chas. Whitfield and Ant. Collier,
and Hender Molesworth. On request of the Grand Inquest to
take into consideration the mis-patenting of the glebe land in the
minister's name and his beves contrary to the meaning of the
parishioners who intended only for the minister then being and
his successors ; Ordered, that the Bench request his Excellency's
advice how a safe title might be made from Mr. Sellers, the
minister of St. Andrew's to the parish. Ordered that Mr. Sellers
make a deed of sale of said land to the churchwardens of the
parish of St. Andrew's and their successors, for the use of the
parson and his successors, unless he can give good reasons to the
contrary. Whereas many disputes hath happened by reason that
the surveyors through carelessness, ignorance, or knavery have
laid out more land within their lines than expressed in their
returns, upon which divers persons have in behalf of the King
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 161
1671.
obtained re-surveys and come within the bounds of patent land
to the great vexation of the proprietors. Ordained, that on
information of surplusage land, the patentee or his agents have
notice, and if he shall make appear that he has hands already,
or shall engage for the bringing of hands and payment of
rents, that then he shall have the order of survey and a
patent for the same, but if he neglect or refuse the same, or be
convicted of having bribed or persuaded the surveyor or those
that carry the chain to commit the errors, then the informer
shall have the survey and enjoy the same by patent ; this
ordinance to continue to the next General Assembly and to be
confirmed if they think just. Ordered that John Mackene Mar-
row be continued a prisoner till the next council after the fleet's
coming in, that they may be truly informed concerning him, and
that he remain on the Angell's Plantation on parole till discharged
by the Governor and Council On complaint of the great delays
and partialities of late observed in his Majesty's Supreme Court,
and other courts of Common Pleas, by reason the clerks of those
courts are permitted to be of counsel, and to plead on behalf of
their clients, whereby they are inclined to favour their clients,
and, as much as they dare, hinder the adverse part} 7 , and suppress
or enfeeble the evidence, and are also diverted from the due
service of the court ; be it ordained that if any clerk take any
fees to plead for any party in his court, or gratis undertake the
same, he shall forfeit his office, and the judges are required to put
another in his place. Petition of Christopher Horner, George
Osborne, John Aldred, George Child, Tho. Coswell, Jno. Warren,
Wm. Hinkston, Robt. Smith, James Jenner, Jno. Downer, and
Phi. Robarts, inhabitants of Withy wood and Dry River. That
whereas his Excellency had recommended Mr. Lander to them
for their minister, and they had bought land and were building
him a church, and had provided him a competent maintenance,
pray they may not be liable to contribute to any other church
within the parish, referred to the next General Assembly, in
regard the justices and vestrymen of every parish are empowered
by Act of the General Assembly to lay such assessments and
parish duties as they shall think requisite, and that power cannot
be taken from them by the Governor and Council only. [Col.
Entry Bh, No. XXXIV., pp. 305-212.]
Feb. 9. 410. Proposals of Sir Chas. Wheeler. 1. Though some of the
planters have reported to the Council that Nevis contributes to the
Governor 800?. per annum, Lord Willoughby assured him the
Governor never received 200?., in regard it arose from many poor
planters, of whom he had no way to collect it but by greater
severity than he would use ; however, Sir Chas. will accept it for
800?. as part of his entertainment, and desires that the 700?.
arising out of the 4^ per cent, of the Leeward Islands may be
added ; with proviso that if St. Christopher's should be any way
beneficial to the Governor, his Majesty may retrench the like value
from the 70U?. per annum. 2. He prays that before Sir Tobias
Bridge's regiment be disbanded, 200 of his soldiers may be drawn
U 51912.
162 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
out for the forts to be raised at St. Christopher's, unless the rendi-
tion be still delayed. 3. He hopes he may so order the planters of
the respective islands, that they may send negroes to the works
and fortifications of St. Christopher's and his Majesty be at no
other expense than for some masons and carpenters, and for two
drawbridges which he desires may be sent with him ready framed.
4. He prays for 22 cannon, with ammunition ; which cannon may
be returned in case the French restore the 30 cannon they took
from the English. 5. He also desires 1,000 muskets, to be paid
for by the planters in two years ; an order to his Royal High-
ness for a ketch. 6. A donation from the King, without which
he cannot make so long and expensive a voyage, and put him-
self in a condition suitable to his employment. Endorsed,
"Brought in and read in Council, 9th Feb. 1670-1." 3 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 21.]
Feb. (13). 411. Grant of denization to John St. Clemens, native of France,
provided he pay custom and subsidy as strangers do, and take the
oaths of allegiance and supremacy before the Governor of Barbadoes.
Endorsed, 13 Febr. 1670-1. [Dora., Chas. II., Docquets.]
Feb. 14. 412. Report of the Council for Plantations to the King, con-
cerning the government of the Leeward Islands. In pursuance of
his Majesty's commands have prepared a commission and instruc-
tions for Sir Chas. Wheler, Governor of the Leeward Island, and
transmitted copies the 21st January last to Lord Arlington for his
Majesty's approbation. That Sir Chas. may have power to appoint
Deputy Governors in the islands under his command, and for his
better maintenance the 700Z. per annum arising by the farm of
the 4^- per cent, of said islands, together with all profits hereto-
fore enjoyed by the Governor of Nevis, provided that when
St. Christopher's can contribute towards maintaining a governor
there, the said 700Z. per annum cease ; that the Master of the
Ordnance deliver to Sir Chas. 22 cannon, 1,000 muskets with
swords, ammunition, &c., and two drawbridges ready framed, the
muskets, swords, and bandoliers to be paid for by the planters
in two years, and the cannon to be returned in case the French
restore the 30 pieces they formerly took from the English there,
and that he may also have a ketch ; that the Treasury, by virtue
of some Privy Seal dormant, may pay him 400. for extraordinary
expenses, but not to be drawn into a precedent; and that Sir
Tobias Bridge's four companies of foot now in Nevis, Montserrat,
and Antigua be reduced to two companies of 80 men each, besides
officers, and settled in St. Christopher's for one year, in his Majesty's
pay under Sir Chas. Wheler's command. 2 pp. [Col. Entry Bk.,
No. XCIV, pp. 86-87.]
Feb. 17. 413. The Gentlemen Planters in London to the Assembly of
London. Barbadoes. Send copy of their letter of 14th December last [see
ante, No. 357]. Have received theirs of 17th November, thank
them for their great confidence, and will let slip no occasion for
their advantage ; in order to which have formed themselves into
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 163
1671.
a committee to promote their petition, designing Coll. Edward
Thornburgh to attend their affairs and transmit what is done,
whom they recommend to be continued with a convenient salary,
business in this great town being not to be done without great
expense. Think fit to hint that the not sufficient humility of
their petition gives a latitude for ill constructions, and therefore
desire them in future, when petitioning the King, to express them-
selves in as humble manner as may be, or send the heads of what
they desire, and leave the writers to clothe them in the style the
Court expects. In confidence of their promise of seeing it repaid;
have made subscriptions, list whereof will be sent by Col. Thorn-
burgh, and desire them to speed home effects for reimbursement.
Lord Willoughby's commission to Capt. Langford to call before
him all Treasurers, &c., was occasioned by his Lordship being
referred by the Commissioners of the Treasury to an Auditor of
Exchequer to prepare his accounts for their view, but conceive
that the excise was inserted in that commission rather from want
of remembrance that the Act required the Treasurer to be account-
able to the Governor, Council, and Assembly only than from any
will in his Lordship to interfere with their privileges, which they
are certain the King will never take from them without their
consent ; hope they will let nothing pass injurious to the island,
lest men say they have consented to it. Lord Willoughby is veiy
ready to assist their affairs, and ought to have thankful acknow-
ledgment. The King of France makes vast preparations by sea
and land against next summer, wherefore mind them to keep their
lines and fortifications in repair, " plant all that wants with pin-
pillows," put the militia in good order, and timely advise for
supply of arms and ammunition if wanted, and lodge effects here
for procuring same. Once more recommend the keeping up the
number of their freeholders by a law that no one possessed of
25 acres of land shall be capable of buying, renting, or receiving
more unless by descent, forfeiting all lands so purchased to the
first man that has not 25 acres that enters action for it in the
court of the precinct where it lies ; otherwise the land will fall
into the hands of a few, and they will be lost for want of enough
interested men to defend the place. Also hope they will contrive
means that their poor may subsist without increasing the charge
of making sugar, lest the French and other English Colonies
undersell them. Signed by Sir P. Colleton, Sir Paul Painter,
Henry Drax, Edward Pye, Thos. Wardall, John Gregory, John
Bawden. and Ferdinando Gorges. " Received in Barbadoes, May
the 31st, 1671." 2 pp. [Col. Entry Bh, No. XIII., pp. 33-35.]
Feb. 17. 414. Edward Thornburgh to the Assembly of Barbadoes. The
London. enclosed papers will show the cause of these lines. The gentlemen
empowered in their concerns have appointed him to attend them,
intreats their favour in continuance of it. Represents that a corre-
spondence at the Court, Parliament, and Cc;mcil of Plantations, will
not only employ a great part of his time, but be very chargeable.
Received by the Assembly 31s May 1671. Encloses,
L 2
164 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
414. 1. List of subscriptions to be paid within 10 days to Jacob
Lucie for the service of Barbadoes, advanced in pursuance of
a letter of the Assembly of 17th November last, viz. : Sir
Paul Painter, Henry Drax, Giles Sylvester (in behalf of his
brother Constant), Edward Pye, Thomas Wardall, Jacob
Lucie, John Bowden (for himself and John Sparke), John
Bendish, John Gregory, Ferdinando Gorges, Sir Peter Col-
leton, John Searle, and Phillip Bell, Wl. each ; and Robert
Legard, Thomas Batson, and John Worsam, 5?,. each ; total
145?., January 28, 1671.
414. II. Minutes of a meeting of the above-named committee of
the Barbadoes planters in London, 28 January 1671.
Names of a committee appointed for the business of Barba-
does, viz.: Lord Willoughby and eleven of the subscribers
above mentioned, also Col. Thos. Middleton. The com-
mittee to meet at the Cardinal Cap in Cornhill, on Friday,
3rd February, at 3 in the afternoon, and afterwards
weekly at the same hour, to consider and do all things
requisite for the good of the island.
414. III. Minutes of the above-named committee, 3 Feburary.
1671. Ordered, that a letter be drawn to the Assembly of
Barbadoes in answer to theirs received 17th November last,
and presented at the next meeting on Thursday next ; That
Lord Willoughby's assistance be to-morrow desired to wait
on Lord Lauderdale in order to procure free trade from
Scotland to Barbadoes, especially for men servants ; That
Sir Peter Colleton and Colonel Drax entertain a Parlia-
ment solicitor to negotiate the business about the impo-
sition voted to be laid on sugars ; That Edward Thornburgh
be their agent to attend the committee and that he buy a
book and register all transactions of the committee ; That
Jacob Lucie pay Edward Thornburgh 10. for the charge
of this committee ; and that the committee adjourn till
Thursday, 9th inst,, at the Cardinal Cap tavern in
Cornhill.
414. iv. Minutes of above-named committee, 9th February 1671.
Ordered, that Edward Thornburgh send copies of the
subscriptions for the service of the island and of all
orders of the committee, with their letter to the speaker
of the Assembly of Barbadoes ; that he buy two books to
enter all orders of the committee, and keep copies of
letters ; and that he have a fair copy of the letter presented
to-day ready at the next meeting of the committee at the
Cardinal Cap on Tuesday next.
414. v. Minutes of the above named committee, 14th February
1671. Draft letter to the Assembly read and approved,
and Edward Thornburgh ordered to draw fair copies of
their last letter sent by Colonel John Drax, and of this, to
be sent by Captain Perriman to Barbadoes. Next meeting
appointed at the Cardinal Cap on 28th and meantime the
committee to give attendance on Parliament to keep off the
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 165
1671.
imposition on sugars, and to seek an opportunity to confer
\\ ith Lord Lauderdale about trade with Scotland.
414. vi. Minutes of the above-named committee, 28th February
1671. Sir Peter Colleton and two others desired to be
at Westminster Hall daily till the new imposition on
sugar be determined, and all the gentlemen planters to give
attendance on notice through Edward Thornburgh, who
is likewise to attend. Ordered that Jacob Lucie pay to
Edward Thornburgh Wl. for the charges of the committee.
Together 4 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XIII , pp. 35-30.]
Feb. 20. 415. H. Slingesby, Sec. to the Council of Foreign, Plantations,
to Sir Chas. Wheeler. Is ordered to send him the enclosed inquiries,
and to desire his answer in writing in relation to the respective
Leeward Islands under his command, as soon as he can with con-
veniency after his arrival. Doubts not it will be esteemed as a
good service if he will inquire into his Majesty's right and title to
Saba and Statia, and advise the Council thereof, and of his opinion
about their usefulness. Encloses,
415. i. The aforesaid inquiries in 24 Articles, the answers to which
by Sir Chas. Wheeler will be found calendared, 9 Dec.
1671. Together 3 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI.. Nos.
22, 22 I.]
Feb. 416. A clause to be inserted in his commission between the
llth and 12th clauses empowering Sir Charles Wheeler to appoint
deputy governors in the islands under his command. \ p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 23.]
Feb. 24. 417. Commission to Sir Charles Wheeler, Capt.-General of the
Leeward Islands. Authorising him to appoint deputy governors in
the islands under his command, instead of certifying his Majesty as
directed in his commission (see ante, No. 393), but to continue
Lt.-Col. Wm. Stapleton, Lt.-Governor of Montserrat, for the good
opinion his Majesty has of his abilities. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk.,
No. XLV., 17.]
Feb. 24. 418. Draft of the preceding in Williamson's hand. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 24.]
Feb. 24. 419. Two copies of the above [Col. Entry Bks., No. XCIL,
444-446, and No. XCIIL, fo. 28, 22.]
Feb. ? 42 O. Relation of the governments, forts, &c. of St. Christopher's
" received from the petitioners and planters of St. Christopher's " by
order of the Council for Foreign Plantations. The Commander-in-
chief of the civil and military power was one single Governor, and
usually chose his Council and Assembly, viz., two out of each of the
six parishes belonging to the English, and the trial of all suits was
by a jury of 12 men, with the Governor as judge. Sir Thos. Warner,
when Governor, lived on a sweet plantation in the middle of the
island, which was not to be alienated from the Governor, but since
Lord Willoughby bought it of Philip Warner, who pretended to
the inheritance as heir to Sir Thos., paying for it (as reported) out
166 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1071.
of the 4 1 per cent, granted him by the island, to the value of 40
negroes. What power Sir T. Warner had for disposing of lands,
his commission, which Mr. Sec. Slingesby has, will show, but the
manner was believed to be by indenture, reserving something to
the Governor for ever. There were three forts, viz., Charles Fort,
at the Old Road, with seven sakers, Stones Fort, to the east, with
six culverin, which was the most considerable at sea, and Sandy
Point Fort to the west, with seven great guns and three brass field
pieces. The foits mostly built of hard stone, to be had near at
hand, and lime, to be had at Brimstone Hill or the salt ponds ;
three small sconces at Permita Point, one on Brimstone Hill, and a
platform at the Old Road, the guns in all 39, and in each fort 10
soldiers, one corporal and one gunner on constant duty, all paid by
the country with lands set out for the soldiers. Cannot give a
particular of the losing of the island, but one Watts, formerly a
chirurgeon, and put in by the late Lord Willoughby, was then
Governor. Copy of No. 296, which was read in Council, 18 Oct.
1670. H pp. [Col. Entry Bh, No. XLV., pp. 18, 19.]
Feb. 24. 421. Commission to Sir Chas. Wheeler to be captain of a company
of foot to be formed in the Leeward Islands, and there employed,
consisting of 80 men besides officers, and to have superior command
of the other company, whereof Lt.- Col. Stapleton is captain. And of
a commission for Lt.-Col. Stapleton to be captain of one of the com-
panies to be formed in the Leeward Islands under Sir Chas.
Wheeler. $ p. [Col. Entry Bh, No. XLV., p. 19. See also No.
XCIIL, p. 2.9.]
Feb. 24. 422. Draft of preceding in Williamson's handwriting. -| p.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 25.]
Feb. 24. 423. Protest of the King's Commissioners sent to Surinam to
Mar. 6. bring off the English subjects against the Dutch Governor of
Surinam, which is contained in the " Narrative of the proceedings
of Major Banister," calendared, No. 486. 4 pp. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVI., No. 26.]
Feb. 28. 424. The King's letter of revocation to Sir Thos. Modyford.
Having found fit by letters patents of Jan. 4th last to revoke
his commission for government of Jamaica, and to constitute Sir
Thos. Lynch Lieut.-Goveruor of same, his Majesty requires him
forthwith to deliver up the government to said Sir Thos. Lynch,
and to be assisting to him by the best means he can. And
his Majesty gives him leave to return to England, according to
his son's petition, as soon as the Lieut. -Governor shall have no
further use of his assistance, as well for his private affairs as to
inform his Majesty of the state of that island. Draft by Sec.
Williamson. \p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 27.]
425. Copies of preceding. [Col. Entry Bks., Nos. XXVII.,
95, and XCIIL, 29.]
Feb. 28. 426. Warrant to pay Thomas Holder, Treasurer of the Royal
African Company, 5,OOOZ. for his Majesty's adventure in the said
stock. Endorsed, "28 Fetor 1670." [Dom. Chas. II., DocquetsJ]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 167
1663. 427. Lists of the King's letters to Sir Thos. Modyford and the
March Deputy Governor of Jamaica, nine in number, all of which are
to calendared under their respective dates, except the following, viz. :
1671. 1663, May 26. To the Deputy Governor of Jamaica, to forbear
Feb. acts of hostility.
1664, Feb. 24. To Sir Thos. Modyford, to receive into his hands
the government of Jamaica. J\ r .B. His commission is
dated 15 Feb. 1664.
1665, Jan. 17. To Sir Thos. Modyford, for the defence and safety
of the island and to follow the Lord High Admiral's
instructions. 1| pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., Nos. 28.]
1671. 428. Joseph West to Anthony Lord Ashley, defers to his last
March '2. letter of loth September last, in which he gave some account of the
Alhemarlo Spaniard, since when they have lived very peaceably. Hopes orders
Ashley' River nave been given for the release of the men so unhandsomely detained
at Sta. Katherina. The sloop sent to Bermudas for a supply of
provisions has safely returned. She could not get a freight of
people from the Bahamas enough to defray her charges, so went to
Shaftesbury Barbadoes. Arrival on 8th February last, to their great encourage-
m ent, o f a sn jp from Barbadoes belonging to Thos. Colleton and
John Strood, with about 40 passengers; lias sent a list of their
names to Sir Peter Colleton. Also eight days after of the Carolina
frigate with abuut 70 passengers and Capt. Godfrey and six servants
on his Lordship's account, which will be a great charge to the
plantation, having nothing as yet but what is brought. Has cleared
this year above 30 acres of ground, and built convenient houses for
themselves and servants, and palisadoed it, so they are able to
defend themselves against 1,000 Indians. Capt. Godfrey has come
to manage Sir Peter Colleton's interest in partnership with his
Lordship, a very able man and a good planter. Intend this year
planting mostly provisions, something of every commodity, the
better to know what the land will produce. Last year all things
were blasted in October before they could come to perfection, but
does not question all will be full grown this year before the cold
weather comes, which is especially sharp in the morning. The
planters from Barbadoes say the ground will produce as good ginger,
cotton, &c. as they have there. Advises him to part partnership
with Sir Peter Colleton and Sir Geo. Carteret for the reasons stated.
Their stock from Virginia thrives very well, especially hogs ; the
cattle is of a small kind, and will be only profitable for breeding ;
believes they can have cattle from New York and Bermudas at
easier rates, and one cow will be worth two from Virginia. The
Governor lies in a very weak condition and past all hope of recovery.
Hopes an honest, able Governor may speedily be sent over, one that
desires to fear God above all worldly interest. If Sir John Yeamans
comes amongst them again it is to be feared a hopeful settlement
will soon be eclipsed. Reminds him to encourage some able godly
minister to come to them. Requests that when the Great Seal of
the Province is sent out he may be trusted with it, for he supposes
it may prove of some benefit to him hereafter, Has not received
168
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
March 2.
Albemarle
Point, in
Ashley River.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
March 2.
Albemarle
Point.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
March 2.
any letter from his Lordship since their departure from Ireland.
Endorsed by John Locke, Jo. West to Ld. Ashley, 2 Mar. 70-1.
1 p. with seal. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bdle. 48,
No. 56.]
429. Joseph West to Sir George Carteret, Almost a duplicate
of the preceding letter. Also that they have settled as near the
town as they can, and that he has taken up 300 acres near the town
upon the account of Sir George's partnership with Lord Ashley and
Sir Peter Colleton for present planting. Believes English grain
will grow very well in this soil ; he sowed some English wheat in
November and it thrives very well. They are now in great for-
wardness towards settling a new colony, and he hopes the Lords
Proprietors will not be slack in sending timely supplies from
England. Encloses invoice of goods received from Thos. Colleton
in Barbadoes. Hopes Sir George will see that his salary be paid to
his wife as well as the moneys owed to him by Sir George's son
James. 1 p. with seal. [Ibid., No. 57.]
430. Joseph West to Sir Peter Colleton. His last was by Sir
Peter's shallop by way of the Bahamas where they could not answer
our expectations, for the people would not come off before they
were provided with provisions. Also that the 70 people who arrived
in the Carolina were most of them without provisions, we having
none in store, for there was a distribution of all that came from
Virginia and Bermudas by order of the Governor and deputies,
so it will go something hard with them if the supply should not
come timely which Sir Peter's brother sent by way of Bermudas.
They have been something weak handed and their men have been
sickly and weak, but not one has died out of our family since we
came into the country. Hopes most part of the old standers will
plant enough this year to produce provisions for the next. The
winter is something cold and sharp but no great frost only in the
morning, neither has he seen any snow. The inhabitants have
assisted Capt. Jenner towards lading his ship with pine timber,
and there is as much fallen (felled) as will lade 'the Carolina.
The shallop Mr. Brayne and West bought in Bermudas is very
usefull to the country ; hopes the Proprietors will consider us some-
thing for her service. To send him a good fowling piece 7 feet
long, well fortified and double locked. [Most of the news in his
letter to Lord Ashley is also in this letter.] Mem. by Sir Peter
Colleton. Pray do not send this away as I have no copy. Endorsed
by Colleton and also by Locke. 1 p. with seal. [Shaftesbury Papers,
Section IX., Bdle. 48, No. 58.]
431. Copy of the preceding, which is also addressed for the
Honourable Sir Peter Colleton, Bart., near Clarendon House in St.
James' Street. These London. Endorsed by Locke. [Ibid.]
Shaftesbury
Papers.
March 2. 432. Stephen Bull to Lord Ashley. Arrival of the John and
Thomas from Barbadoes with about 42 passengers sent by Thos.
Colleton. [Sain] Farmer and John Stroud with one Mr. Maverick, a
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
169
Shaftesbury
Papers .
March 4.
Albemarle
Poiut, in the
province of
Carolina.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
gentleman entrusted to settle an estate for them also of the Caro-
lina with 70 or (SO persons with Capt. Godfrey, Capt. Thomson,
Mr. Gray, Mr. Culpepper and several other gentlemen who were
all within five days settled amongst them as close together as con-
venient, the greatest distance that any person or family is seated
is within less than two miles either up or down the river from the
town, and these gentlemen are satisfied and promise to give an
account in Barbadoes and other parts of their contented settlements,
which will be a means to invite others to follow. The Indians
still continued their accustomed kindness and he believes they will
very hardly make any war upon us and look upon themselves over-
awed by our guns. Was employed last year in their extreme want
of provisions to get corn from the Indians and went 30 miles from
the town and lay out several nights and was very well treated by
and received great kindness from the Indians and they showed great
joy that we were settled amongst them and promise assistance
against the Spaniard or any Indian nation that shall oppose us.
They have had very cold weather this winter ; has seen ice of one
night's freezing atove an inch thick but no snow and very clear
days and little or no rain. Cattle will be bred, fed and kept at very
easy rates as in any part of the world, also very good feeding for
hogs of acorns, hiccory nuts, berries and roots. The Governor very
weak and not likely long to live. Does not perceive that any of
this country's distemper hath seized him but age, his spirits are
clearly "flatted," he complains of no sickness. Endorsed by Locke.
1 p. with seal. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX,, Bdle. 48, No.
59.]
433. The Council at Ashley River to the Lords* Proprietors of
Carolina. This hasty messenger comes sorrowing, without company,
to acquaint their honors with the decease of our grave and honourable
Governor Colonel Wm. Sayle. who died of a consumption this day
about noon, very much lamented by our people, whose life was as
dear to them as the hopes of their prosperity. Desire that some
worthy honourable person may be dispatched to take this great
charge in hand, whose wisdom and sanctity may cherish that infant
reformation until it has obtained so much strength as to walk alone,
curbing the vicious, countenancing the virtuous, with qualifications
suitable for actions as well military as civil. Have in the meantime
elected, with the approbation of our said governor in his lifetime
Capt. Joseph West to be governor until they hear his honor's
pleasure [sic]. It has been bruited that their honors have designed to
commissionate Sir John Yeamans again as governor, yet have good
reason to believe the contrary, for it doth breed a very great dis-
satisfaction to the people. Reasons why they could not repose any
trust in him. Capt. Thos. Jenner ready to sail with the John and
Thomas for Barbadoes so will leave other matters to Captain Brayne
who will sail hence very suddenly. Signed by Stephen Bull, Will
Scrivener, Flor. O'Sullivan, Paul Smyth, Ra. Marshall, Samuel West,
Ro. Donne, and Jos. Dalton, secretary. Endorsed by Locke, 1 p.
with seal. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 60.]
170
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
March 4. 434. The humble declaration of John Russell, late Master of the
Port Royal to Sir Peter Colleton. That from England lie sailed to
Kinsale, where Captain West shipped a mate, whence they sailed to
Barbadoes where Sir John Yeamans embarked, he being appointed
Governor of the settlement. Bad weather forced them to put in at
Shaftesbury Nevis where Sir John sent Christopher Barrowe on board with
1 apers ' instructions to pilot the ship to Port Royal. After leaving Nevis
foul weather forced them to part from the fleet ; they beat about
for six weeks and were driven to great want and many were forced
to drink their own urine. They endeavoured to touch at the Bahamas,
but unfortunately were cast away where neither pilot nor himself
ever were before. By the help of their boat all their people were
put safely ashore, but through the neglect and delays of their in-
human carpenter, who was the cause of their tedious stay upon the
island, many of their people lost their lives there and Russell was
forced to make the boat himself because the carpenter would not
work. In that boat they went to Eleutheria where Russell hired a
shallop and sailed to New Providence, where they got transportation
to Bermudas ; but Barrowe and his wife went to a place called New
York. Russell has since arrived in London, and now prays his
honor to take his own and the rest of their conditions into his
charitable consideration. They were cast away 12 January 1670.
Endorsed by Locke, Russell's relation of the Port Royal. 1 p.
[Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bdle. 48, No 61.]
March 5. 435. The King to Sir Chas. Wheeler. Having constituted him
Governor-General of the Leeward Islands, with instructions to see
possession taken of that part of St. Christopher's which was possessed
by his Majesty's subjects before the late war, and is to be restored
by virtue of the 7th Article of the Treaty of Breda, and to compose
all differences arising thereupon with the fairest satisfaction that
may be to the subjects of the most Christian King ; his Majesty
further recommends him to maintain good correspondence with the
French generals and governors in the West Indies, and amicably to
compose all disputes with them ; especially for that the said King
has declared by his Ambassador his desire to continue all good
offices of friendship, and that nothing shall be done in the execution
of his ordinance of the 10th June last concerning the trade in
America which may any way disturb their good correspondence in
those parts, but that the vessels of his Majesty's subjects shall
receive all kind treatment in places under his obedience, save only
that they may not trade there. And such differences as he can-
not thus amicably settle he is to transmit information of to his
Majesty. 1J pp. [Col. Entry BL, No. XLV., 20-21.]
March 5. 436. Draft of preceding in Williamson's handwriting. Endorsed,
To Sir Chas. Wheeler and Sir Thos. Lynch. 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVI,, No. 29.]
March 5. 437. Mem. of the first part of the above which differs from the
letter sent to Sir Thos. Lynch. p. [Col. Entry Bit., No. XCIII.,
fo. 30.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 171
1671.
March 5. 438. The King to Sir Thos. Lynch. Duplicate of the preced-
ing letter to Sir Chas. Wheler. [Col Entry, Bl:, No. XCIIL,
fo. 30.]
[5 March.] 439. Petition of Ferdinando Gorges, Esq., to the King and
Council. Is the grandson and heir of Sir Ferdinando Gorges, who
had a grant for him and his heirs from the King's late father of
the province of Maine, and having been many years in quiet posses-
sion and expended above 20,000. in plantations there, was, owing
to his having engaged in the King's father's service in the late
wars, put out of his possession by the Governor of the Massa-
chusetts ; the province had since been governed by the Massachu-
setts, who deny to yield up the government till order from the
King. On the petitioner's request the King had by his letter of
the llth of June, in the 16th year of his reign, required restitution
to be made and quiet possession to be delivered to him, unless the
Governors of the Massachusetts showed cause to the contrary. To
this letter the inhabitants of the province yielded obedience, but
the Governor for the Massachusetts denied to surrender the pro-
vince. The Commissioners appointed by the King for settling
affairs in New England declared the province to be the petitioner's
right, and appointed justices of peace to the Government till he
should be established there by the King. Since the coming away
of the Commissioners, after three years' quiet possession of the
province, the Governors of the Massachusetts have again in a
hostile manner assumed possession contrary to the King's letter, in
which they were commanded not to intermeddle with the province
until the King's determination. Requests that he may be restored
to the quiet possession of the province, as being his undoubted
right, and that the Governors of the Massachusetts may be com-
manded to deliver to him the quiet possession of the province,
and that the inhabitants may be required to yield obedience to
him. With reference to the Council of Plantations, 5th March
1671, signed by Sec. Lord Arlington [see ante, No. 150]. Annexed,
439. I. Report of the Council for Plantations to the King. Have
considered Gorges' petition, and on perusal of the charters, &c.
transmitted with the petition, and discourse with Gorges,
find that the chief cause of the differences arises from ex-
pressions concerning the boundaries of lands contained in
charters of the King's father and grandfather. As they have
not been able to get copies of some original grants, or had
any opportunity of hearing the Massachusetts Government in
defence, recommend the King to send Commissioners to New
England to examine the differences concerning the boundaries
of the Massachusetts and the rest of the colonies, that the
Commissioners be despatched to arrive before the end of next
October as ships cannot without danger come into harbour there
after that time. Signed, Sandwich. President, Lauderdale,
Arlington, Tho. Gre} T , Rich. Gorges, T. Clifford, Brouncker,
Ed. Waller, John Finch, H. Slingesby, Secretary, 12 July 1671.
Together 2 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXVI., Nos. 30, 30 T.]
172
COLONIAL PAPERS.
KJ71.
March 7,
Whitehall.
March 7.
Barbadoes.
March 7.
Barbadoes.
March 7.
440. Two copies of the preceding report dated 12 Aug. 1G71.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 31, and Col. Entry Bk., No. 94,
pp. 2-4.]
441. The King to the Duke of York, High Admiral of England.
Having thought fit to direct Sir Thos. Lynch going Lt.-Governor of
Jamaica to seize the person of Sir Thos Modyford late Governor
there and send him hither to answer for the many hostilities com-
mitted upon the countries and subjects of the Catholic King in
America without warrant from his Majesty, and to concert the
execution thereof with Capt. Hubbart, commander of the frigate
which is to transport him ; his Majesty's pleasure is that he direct
Capt. Hubbard to perform all things for accomplishing said reso-
lution according to his Majesty's letter and private instructions to
Sir Thos. Lynch, not to go on shore until Sir Thos. Lynch be in
quiet possession of the Government and shall have executed his
Majesty's pleasure in the seizure of Sir Tho. Modyford, and if any
accident befall Sir Tho. Lynch or he find opposition or resistance, to
assist Sir Tho. Lynch with his utmost force, by annoying by all
ways the island and particularly by destroying the privateers that
shall assist the island in such opposition to his Majesty's commands.
1 p. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 24, p. 48.]
442. The Assembly of Barbadoes to Sir Peter Colleton, Col.
Henry Drax, and Ferdinando Gorges, gentlemen planters, in London.
Have been summoned by the Deputy Governor to consider his
Excellency's letter and theirs of the 14th December last. Cannot
but take in very good part their advice, and doubt not of their
future actings in the island's behalf, as being partakers in their
good and bad success. By theirs of 17th November last they
will know how far the Assembly have sympathised with them.
There is already a Bill drawn to prevent depopulation, which will
answer most of their proposals. A more perfect account of all things
they may expect at their next sitting, this being shortened by a
public day of humiliation appointed for the morrow. Signed by
Henry Walrond, junr., Speaker. ^ p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XIII.,
18-19.]
443. The Assembly of Barbadoes to his Excellency (Wm. Lord
Willoughby). Have been summoned by the Deputy Governor to
receive his Excellency's letter of 20th December last, and return
hearty thanks for his wonted care. To-morrow being appointed a
solemn day of humiliation for imploring the Almighty to remove
His heavy judgments, and the ships being suddenly to depart, are
forced to be thus short, but they will meet again very suddenly,
and doubt not then to give his Excellency an account at large.
Signed by Henry Walrond, junr., Speaker. | p. [Col Entry Bk.,
No. XIII., 19.]
444. Mem. of a letter from the King to Lord Willoughby, to
live in friendship with the French Governors, similar to letters to
Sir C. Wheler and Sir Thos. Lynch, of 5th March 1671 [see ante,
Nos. 435, 43C). [Col. Entry Bk., No. XCIII.Jo. 30.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
173
1671.
March 8.
Office of the
Ordnance.
March ?
March ?
March 10.
445. Estimate sent to the Council of Plantations by the Officers
of Ordnance, of the charge of ordnance, carriages, powder, shot,
arms, and other ammunition, to be issued to Sir Chas. Wheeler.
Governor of the Leeward Islands, according to his Majesty's warrant
of the 8th March 167J. These include eight culverin, eight demi-
culverin, and six 3 -pounders, with carriages, round shot, double-
headed hammered shot, cases of musket shot, powder, match, 1,000
snaphance muskets with cartouche boxes and girdles, musket shot,
sheep skins, canvas, oil, starch, needles, thread, powder horns, twine,
tarred rope and nails ; an extraordinary large tent for the Governor,
60?. ; materials for making two drawbridges ; carpenters', smiths',
stonecutters', and bricklayers' tools, &c., amounting, together with
300?. for packing and carriage, to 2,600?. 14s. 2^d. " These stores
were issued 15th March 1671." 3^ pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No.
XLV., 21-24.]
446. Warrant (to the Attorney-General ?). To prepare a Bill to
pass the Privy Seal authorising the Commissioners of the Treasury
to pay to Sir Chas. Wheeler, Governor-in-Chief of the Leeward
Islands, 700?. yearly as Governor of St. Christopher's, and the
same to abate in proportion as any part thereof shall grow pay-
able to him from that island ; also the sum of 400?. as a free gift
out of her Majesty's portion for the entertainment of two com-
panies of foot in the Leeward Islands, to consist of 80 men each,
besides officers, according to the establishment under his Majesty's
signature. Draft with corrections by Williamson. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 32.]
447. Rough draft of preceding, in the handwriting of William-
' p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 33.]
son. -|
448. Privy Seal authorising the Commissioners of the Treasury
to pay to Sir Chas. Wheeler as Governor of St. Christopher's
700?. yearly by half-yearly payments, to be accounted from Christ-
mas last, as long as he shall remain Governor, the same to abate
in proportion as any part thereof shall grow payable to him from
the Leeward Islands. And likewise 400?. as a free gift out of the
remainder of the Queen's portion. I p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XLV.,
25-26. See also Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. 34, p. 72, and
Dom., Chas. II., Docquets.]
March 10. 449. Privy Seal authorising the Commissioners of the Treasury
to pay to Sir Chas. Wheeler, Governor of the Leeward Islands,
2,778?. 10-s. 8d. for the pay and entertainment of two companies
of foot for service in the Leeward Islands, consisting of 80 men
each, besides officers, according to an establishment under his
Majesty's signature of the 8th instant. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk
No. XLV., 26-27., and Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. XXXIV'
p. 72.]
March. 450. Mem. of an Establishment of the pay of two companies of
foot, consisting of 80 soldiers each, besides officers, to be enter-
tained for his Majesty's service in the Leeward Islands, amounting
174
COLONIAL PAPERS.
3671.
to 2,778?. 10s. 8d. per annum. Endorsed, " A computation of the
charge of two companies of foot for the da.y, the month, and the
year, for Sir Charles Wheeler." \p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI.,
No. 34.]
March. 451. Mem. about Sir Charles Wheeler. That his Majesty speak
to the Duke for a ketch ; that H.R.H. order the receiving of Sir
Charles, his family, and goods on one of the frigates designed for
the West Indies ; and that his Majesty give Sir Charles Wheeler
a tent. \p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI.] No. 35.]
March 10 ? 452. The King to Sir Thomas Lynch, Knt., Lieut.-Governor
Whitehall. o f Jamaica. Whereas Sir Thomas Modyford, late Governor of
Jamaica, has, contrary to his Majesty's express commands, com-
mitted many depredations upon the territories of the Catholic King
in America, his Majesty's pleasure is that he cause the said Sir
Thomas Modyford to be made prisoner and under a strong guard
brought to his Majesty's presence to answer what shall be objected
against him ; and, having done this, that he publish it, with the
cause thereof, to the whole island, confirming his Majesty's free
pardon to all who have been partakers with, him upon condition
that they quietly submit to his Majesty's authority and abstain
for the future from the like hostilities, observing punctually the
late treaty with the Catholic King of T 8 ^- July last, f p. [Dom.
Entry Bk. Ckas. II., Vol. XXIV., p. 49, and Col Entry Bk.,
XXXIV., 22G-7.]
March 10 ? 453. The King's private instructions to Sir Thomas Lynch, Knt.,
Whitehall. Lieut.-Governor of Jamaica. When he has possessed himself of
the government and fortresses of the island so as to apprehend no
disorder thereby, he shall execute the contents of his Majesty's
private letter given herewith, concerting with Capt. Hubbard the
best ways and means of execution, and having seized Sir Thomas
Modyford, shall immediately cause him to be earned on board the
frigate, there to be kept until they have agreed of the safest way
of transporting him to England, whether on board the ketch
designed to accompany him from Barbadoes or some merchantman
or privateer hired or, if need be, pressed for this service, and
manned with such men as Capt. Hubbard shall undertake to
answer for. f p. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. XXIV., pp.
49-50, and Col. Entry Bk , XXX TV., 228-9.]
March 11. 454. John Stow to Sir Peter Colleton. Has brought from his
brother Thomas Colleton about seven tons of provisions from
Barbadoes to send to Col. Sayle at Carolina, also three tons more
Shaftesbury which are bought. Has hired a ship to go there, and there will be
Papers. SO me quantity of passengers, and does not question but that there
are a great many young men here who will go. Wishes to know
where to direct letters, for there will be a commerce betwixt him
and them at Carolina. Has charged bills of exchange on Sir Peter's
brother
bought
in Barbadoes
for Carolina
for 57?.
and consigned
sterling
for freight and provisions
to Capt. West, or, in his
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
175
1671.
March 14.
March 14.
Whitehall.
March 14.
March 14.
March 14.
Whitehall.
absence, to Col. Sayle. Endorsed by Locke. 1 p. with seed.
[Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bdle. 48, No. 62.]
455. The King to Sir Tobias Bridge. Has given order for the
disbanding of his regiment as by his instructions is directed. Has
thought good to give him particular notice, assuring him of his
Majesty's entire satisfaction with his services, which his Majesty
desires him to declare to the regiment at their disbanding, and that
besides the provision made by his instructions, his Majesty will
have a particular regard as well for soldiers as officers on all
occasions, and principally towards himself. $ p. [Col. Entry Bk.,
No.XCIII.,fo.3Q.]
456. Instructions for Sir Chas. Wheeler, Sir Tobias Bridge,
Sir TJios. Lynch, and Christ. Codrington, Deputy Governor of Bar-
badoes, for " disposing " of the regiment of foot under Sir T. Bridge
in the Caribbee Islands, in six articles. As soon as Wheeler and
Lynch arrive at Barbadoes they are to communicate these instruc-
tions to Bridge, the colonel of the regiment, and to the Deputy
Governor or commander-in-chief. The regiment to be then dis-
banded, grants of land in Jamaica or any of the Leeward Islands
"where there shall be room" to be offered to such, of "the old
raised men " in England as choose to remain, with other privileges
for their " good services "; passage home to be provided for those
who wish to return ; arrears of pay to be duly satisfied and clothes
delivered to them upon the place ; the same orders to be carried
out for disbanding the rest of the regiment in the Leeward Isles.
Two companies of foot having been appointed for service in those
islands under Sir C. Wheeler, preference is to be given to the old
raised men to enlist therein. No officer or soldier to be detained
for any debt not exceeding the arrears of his pay, wherewith the
respective creditors will be duly answered. Draft by Williamson.
3 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 36.]
457. Copy of the above, corrected by Williamson. 4 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 37.]
458. Copies of the above instructions "taken out of my Lord
Arlington's office." 3 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XLV., 27-29, and
No. XCIII., pp. 31, 32.]
459. Commission to Sir Chas. Wheeler to receive that part of
St. Christopher's which belonged to the English in January 1665.
Whereas in conformity with the Treaty of Breda of |J- July
1667, the most Christian King put into his Majesty's hands certain
instruments directed to the Sieur De la Barre, his Lieut.-General in
America, to the director of the West India Company, and to the
Chevalier de St. Laurence, for restoring to his Majesty the said
part of St. Christopher's, which orders not having been complied
with, the said King has issued more express orders to the Chevalier
de St. Laurence and the Sieur de Baas, his Lieutenant in America,
of the - t %th Jan. 1670-1. His Majesty therefore by these presents
nominates Sir Charles Wheeler or whom he shall thereto appoint,
176
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
his Commissioner to demand and receive the said part of St. Chris-
topher's, revoking all former commissions, particularly that of the
13th Feb. 1668 to William Lord Willoughby, Col. Lewis Morrice,
Col. Robert Hooper, and Lt.-Col. Symon Lambert ; and that of the
22nd March 1670 to Sir John Yeamans, Col. Philip Bell, Col.
Saml. Barwick, Col. William Sharp, and Capt. Philip Payne. 2 pp.
[Col. Entry Bk., No. XLV., 30-31, see also No. XCIIL, 35, 36.]
March 14. 46O. Commission to Sir Chas. Wheeler to compose differences.
His Majesty having agreed with the most Christian King that
Commissioners should be appointed on each side to compose all
differences in putting in execution the late orders issued by the
said King for restitution to his Majesty of that part of St. Christo-
pher's, possessed by the English the 1st January 1665, appoints
Sir Chas. Wheeler his Commissioner, granting to him, or such
persons as he shall substitute, full power to treat with the Commis-
sioners thereto authorised by the said King, and amicably to
determine all differences arising in putting into execution the late
orders of -^ January last, and any other orders heretofore issued
by the said King, particularly those of the 16th January 1668-9,
for restoring the said part of St. Christopher's, and concerning
ameliorations, keeping and dieting of prisoners, the re-entry of the
English into possession of estates and goods sold by them to the
French, and all other matters relating to the full execution of that
part of the Treaty of Breda. And his Majesty promises to ratify
whatsoever shall be by him or them stipulated and agreed. 1-i- pp.
[Col. Entry Bks. No. XLV., pp. 23-33, and No. XCIII.,pp. 36-7.]
March ? 461. Draft of some clauses of the preceding Commission in
Williamson's handwriting. Endorsed, Alterations in the Com-
mission for Meliorations. ^ P- [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 38.]
March 14. 462. Instructions to Sir Chas. Wheeler in eight articles for corn-
Whitehall, posing all differences that may arise upon the restitution of (the
English part of) the island of St. Christopher's. Although by the
tenor of the French King's orders of the 16th Jan. 1669, and
18th Jan. last, his Majesty believes that the sovereignty of the
English part of St. Christopher's will be fully delivered up on showing
those orders to the French Lieut.-General, for which the 7th Article
of the treaty of Breda is express and clear ; yet having found that
some differences are like to arise as to the restitution of private
goods and estates, and in some other particulars, his Majesty and
the said King have agreed to constitute Commissioners for finally
determining the same ; and this trust his Majesty has reposed in Sir
Chas. Wheeler by commission of this date. On receipt of the said
commission he is to repair with all speed to the Leeward Islands and
there adjust with the Sieur de Baas, Chev. de St. Laurence or the
French Commander-in-chief, a fit time and place for meeting the
persons commissioned by the French King. The great difficulty
his Majesty can yet foresee concerns the re-entry of the English into
estates sold by them to the French since the taking of the island,
for which provision is made in the 8th Article of the Treaty of
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 177
1671.
the treaty of Breda, which expresses that movables so sold shall not be
restored till the price paid by the French be refunded by the English,
and after frequent deliberations his Majesty has concluded to make the
case of lands, houses, plantations, &c. the same with movable goods
as- to that particular. His Majesty has agreed with the French
Ambassador that a term of a year and a day, to be accounted from
the time the said orders of the 16th January 1669 and 18th January
last shall be presented to the French Commander-in-Chief, be limited
for the English to use this power of resuming their estates at the price
they received for them ; leaving it to Sir Chas. Wheeler to yield to
a shorter day in case the French be pressing in it, and it may be
done without much inconvenience to his Majesty's subjects. The
point of amelioration or damages in the English estates during the
time they have been in the French possession must be left to Sir
Charles' own discretion ; only it seems not reasonable that any
demand of amelioration should hinder restitution or re-entry, the
price received being first repaid to the French purchaser, the dispute
about any such amelioration to be left to the parties to adjust them-
selves, in which the Commissioners on both sides are to give their best
help to bring the parties to reason. The demands of the French for
their keeping and dietting the English prisoners to be paid by the.
prisoners themselves if for better accommodation and medicaments
than were ordinarily allowed. The Commissioners to help all they can
in obliging such person to make speedy satisfaction ; but ordinary
keeping and diet his Majesty thinks it best reasonable should be on
the French account ; if, however, he finds the sum demanded not
considerable, and especially if French prisoners in those parts have
been made to pay for their ordinary keeping and diet, his Majesty
would have him agree to give satisfaction for all such debts. To
proceed with all fairness towards the French, it being his Majesty's
mind to make an end of the whole matter forthwith without raising
unnecessary difficulties. To give notice on his arrival to the French
Commander-in- Chief of their commission, and to demand and receive
the sovereignty of St. Kitts, and to demand restitution of such guns
and ordnance as were in the forts when taken, insisting thereon,
especially if it fall out that the same be now found in the forts, or
in the English part of the Island. 5 pp. [Col Entry Bk., No. XIV.,
34-38, see also No. XCII., 446-456, and No. XGIIL, 32-35.]
March. 463. List of despatches delivered to Sir Charles Wheeler, going
Governor March 1671 to the Leeward Islands, viz., his com-
mission and instructions, letter to live well with the French,
commission as captain of a company, commission to Lieutenant-
Colonel Stapleton as captain of a company, power to appoint
deputy-governors, power to receive St. Christopher's, and in-
structions for executing the same. \p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XX VI.,
No. 39.]
March. 464. Another list of Sir Charles Wheeler's despatches, viz.,
his commission and instructions, order for arms and ammunition,
power to appoint deputy-governors, two commissions for captains
(as above), M. Colbert's letters to the Chev. de St. Laurence and
U 51U12. M
178
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
March.
March 15.
M. de Baas, cypher, and the King's letter to live with the other
Governors. p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 40.]
465. Another list containing all the above, and the following in
addition, viz., commission and instructions for ameliorations, letter
to Sir Tobias Bridge, and instructions for disbanding his regiment,
four establishments, warrant to Sir Stephen Fox for his pay, and
two privy seals. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk, No. XCIIL, fol 37.]
466. Mem. of despatches delivered to Sir Thomas Lynch. His
commission under the signet ; revocation of Sir Thos. Modyford's
commission under the Great Seal, and letter to him notifying
same ; instructions ; private letters to Sir Thos. Lynch ; 2nd
instructions ; letter to live well with the French ; authentic copies
of Sir Thos. Modyford's commission, and of Sir Thos. Modyford's
revocation ; and cypher. [Col. Entry Bk, No. XGIII., fol. 37.]
March 15. 467. Draft of preceding in Williamson's hand. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVI., No. 41.]
March 15 ? 468. Mem. of arms and ammunition to be put on board the
Assistance, Captain Hubbard, and the Welcome, Captain Wilgress,
for Jamaica. [Col Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 42.]
March 17,
Bermudas.
Shaftesbury
Tapers.
March 20.
Whitehall.
469. Gov. Sir John Heydon to the Lords Proprietors of Carolina.
Has not omitted, in obedience to their commands in their letter
of 17 Nov. last, any opportunity to promote his Majesty's and
their own interest in Carolina. Since when has arrived one of
Colonel Sayle's sons who brings news of the health of the people
and good progress in that plantation. Has procured a ship from
hence which he intends setting forward the end of this month with
the provisions this island can afford. Finds the people very well
affected to that undertaking. Shall now send their Lordships
packet to Ashley River, and hopes to get intelligence of their affairs.
Has inquired after but cannot hear of any ambergris. Will
instruct Captain James Harmour to examine more effectually
upon the place. Endorsed by Locke. 1 p., with seal. [Shaftesbury
Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 63.]
470. Warrant to the Attorney-General. To prepare a Bill em-
powering the Duke of York, Prince Rupert, Duke of Buckingham,
Duke of Ormond, Earl of Lauderdale, and Lord Culpeper, at all
times to enter the Council for Foreign Plantations and vote, the
first two not to be required to take the oath, with the same privi-
leges that were granted in the commission of 30th July 1670,
constituting the said Council ; and further appointing John Evelyn
to be the standing Council, with the yearly salary of 5001. granted
to every member of said Council. Endorsed, " Persons added to
the Council of Plantations." 6 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI.,
No. 43.] See also Domestic, Chas. II., Docquets.
471. J O s. Dalton to the Lords Proprietors of Carolina. Encloses
letters > lnar ked A., B., and C., giving an account of the general
March 21.
A po!nf rle
Carolina, affairs of this place, the remonstrance of the Council for the first
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 179
1671.
Shaftesbury adventurers and also themselves, and a relation of the demeanour
Papers. Q wj}ii am Scrivener, deputy to Lord Berkeley, and William Owen,
one of the first freeholders. Encloses,
471. i. The Council at Ashley River to the Lords Proprietors.
The arrival of the John and Thomas with about 42 people,
and the Carolina with about 64 was not a little welcome,
yet this bee has its stings, for many brought little or no
provision with them. Thei'e is good opinion generally in
all parts concerning this place ; some of those arrived are
of good repute and fame and known to be experienced
planters. Refer to their last letter and the election of
Capt. Joseph West to be Governor, an act seemingly to
vary from their Honours' directions, but for which they
give reasons, the late Governor dying at a time when the
Colony stood in greater need of a head than ever. Two
seata vacant in the Council, the Lord Craven and Sir
George Carteret's deputies. Are expecting every day the
provisions their Honours sent to Barbadoes for them,
having reason to believe that Capt. Stoe is waiting at
Bermudas to bring people from thence in the spring.
Some of those arrived in the Carolina have made claims
of land pursuant to their Honours' concessions, 500 acres
for every 1,000 Ibs. of sugar underwrit for defraying the
charges of setting forth Capt. Hilton on the discovery
of the province ; request directions, as they have passed
an order for these lands to be granted, so that no dis-
couragement be given. Have with much ado, our people
being weak from scarcity of provisions, pallisadoed about
nine acres and mounted seven great guns, all the carriages
having been lost in the Port Royal, and when the people
have done planting hope to finish it. Are forced to
encourage and invite people not only by our tongues and
pens, but also by our axes. Reasons why they cannot
possibly observe all their Honours' instructions concerning
the land, which is not lying as they were formerly
informed, but will as near as they can. Thought it most
conducive to safety on their arrival to build a town,
where they are now settled ; describe it. To keep the
planters near together were forced to grant them town
lots of 11 poles or thereabouts per head and 10 acres
per head to plant about the town, which it is con-
ceived will prevent any sudden surprisal. Arguments in
favour of people being allowed to choose plots for them-
selves ; some delighting to be near the sea and others
from it; the denial of this was fatal to the late settle-
ment at St. Lucia. Hope their Honours will allow what
they have done, or it may prove a great retarding of a
speedy peopling this country. Having given account of
the irregularity of our land, are forced to acquaint their
Honours with the irregularity of our Surveyor-General,
who, though receiving warrant upon warrant, has not yet
M 2
180 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
completed any man's land in the Colony, though promised
2d. an acre as much again as any artist in surveying
would do the like for, so have been forced to employ
two gentlemen to survey the land gratis before any more
people arrive. If the Surveyor-General does not complete
pursuant to warrants, intend to employ John Culpeper,
a very able artist, to finish the same, who will undertake
to do it, return a plot (plan), keep a record of the same
for 10s. a day under 500 acres, and above 500 Id. per
acre, until further directions concerning Flor. O'Sullivan,
Surveyor-General, and as to surveyor's fees and those to
be employed. Bequest that two bales of parchment, one
cwt. of well tempered wax, and the seal for passing grants
may be sent to them, for the people very much desire
the grants of their lands ; also a parchment book to record
the grants and six other good paper books for the Regis-
ter's office and the Council. Great necessity of supplies
of tools, clothing, and provisions, the want of which has
not a little pinched the first adventurers, not having
received any since their first arrival. Also that cattle
and hogs may be brought from New York, where they
understand is a very good breed, with some horses for
ploughing, which the people intend to fall upon as soon
as ever they can get materials, by which means the people
will be sooner able to discharge themselves of their
Honours' store books and raise some advantage to them-
selves, and the country be brought to a flourishing con-
dition. Signed by Stephen Bull, Paul Smyth, Ro. Donne,
Ra. Marshall, Samuel West, and Jos. Dalton, Registrar.
Albemarle Point, 1 671, March 21.
471. II. The humble remonstrance of the Council on behalf of
themselves and the freeholders, the first adventurers to
the province of Carolina, to the Lords Proprietors. Set
forth the hardships they endured in being forced to
employ themselves upon public works on their first
arrival in the country to defend themselves from the
' attacks of the Spaniards, the destruction of their first
plantations, and the necessity of their being supplied
with provisions from their Honours' stores, and pray them
to mitigate what is thought to lie too severely upon
them in their store books, and to qualify the freight of
petitioners' goods for some time yet to come, to sweeten
the hardships of their late adventures, and to recover
their shattered and almost worn-out fortunes. Signed
by Flor. O'Sullivan, 'Paul Smyth, Ro. Donne, Ra. Mar-
shall, and Samuel West. Albemarle Point, 1 671, March 21.
471. in. The Governor and Council at Ashley River to the Lords
Proprietors. It is not a little trouble to them to present
these unsavoury actions in this Colony occasioned by
troublesome spirits, a malady that all regularity in
government is more or less subject to. Have hitherto
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 181
1671.
smothered them, but of late those sparks meeting with
more fuel have been blown into a flame by Wm. Owen
chiefly and William Scrivener, deputy to Lord Berkeley,
which they are unwilling to notice were it not to purge
the air from such infectious actions to the exciting of
mutinies among the people. Relate how at the election
of five councillors after Col. Sayle was made Governor,
the freemen of the Colony, having by that time thoroughly
discovered Wm. Owen, wholly rejected him, which proved
one spark more to his fire. How much the Sabbath day
was profanely violated and divers other abuses practised
by the people, which caused the Governor and Council,
finding the number of freeholders in the Colony not
sufficient to elect a Parliament to make and publish
orders, to suppress the same, whereupon Owen endea-
voured to possess the people that such orders could not
pass without a Parliament, and seconded by Scrivener
persuaded them to elect a Parliament among themselves,
which they did and returned to the Governor, two of
which Parliament men it was disputed were servants,
Mich. Moran, a labouring Irishman,, and Rich. Crossley,
set free by his master for idleness. Thus is discovered
one part more of Owen's disposition, because the altitude
of his body will not show itself taller than any other
man by the head and shoulders, he will climb upon the
pinnacle of any desperate attempt to be seen above
others. This is not all. After the arrival of the two
ships the said orders, revised by the present Governor
and Council, were assented to and approved by the new
freemen as well as the ancient freeholders, but Owen,
finding himself swallowed up in a general consent, invents
a new stratagem and possesses the chief of the people,
especially the new comers, that as there was no Great
Seal in the province, unless a Parliament were forthwith
chosen to prevent it, their lands and all their improve-
ments thereon would not be assured to them, but might
be taken away at pleasure. Now Owen hath hit the
mark, he is what he would be, the leader of a company
of people upon any terms, the people's prolocutor, and
therefore must have room in the Council to show himself
and the people's grievances. The arguments of Owen
before the Governor and Council upon the true inter-
pretation of their Honours' instructions and the people's
rights patiently heard ; the Governor's speech to the
people, giving them to understand his power and authority
to convey and assure to them all their lands until he
received the Great Seal, and that he intended to summon
the people for the election of a Parliament when oppor-
tunity served or necessity of making laws required, upon
which all or most of the freemen were fully satisfied,
which Scrivener perceiving and that himself and Owen
182 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
were likely to lose the title of men of understanding,
on a sudden arose up with somewhat more than ordinary
heat and desired the people to take notice that he con-
ceived their proposals were very just and reasonable, and
that those who should deviate from them were disturbers
of the peace and inf ringers of the people's liberties. For
such speeches tending to the slighting and utter destruc-
tion of this present Government and inciting the people
to sedition and mutiny, and consequently the ruin of this
settlement, it was the same day ordered that from henceforth
Scrivener be suspended from the Council, and that both he
and Owen be incapable of bearing any public office or
employment in this Colony until further orders. Being
very sensible that the name of a Parliament is strangely
resented abroad, and that the quality of our Parliament
men might not give an occasion of disputing in other
parts, and no great necessity at present of one, our time
being well employed in planting and other necessary
works, and knowing how treacherous reports are, have
deferred the summoning of a Parliament till the ships
be gone, at which time, the heat of planting being over,
the Governor and Council will, now some more people are
come, proceed to the prosecution of their Honours' instruc-
tions by and with the consent of the Parliament or the
major part, to make such laws as are found necessary in
this place. In the meantime desire instructions how long
this Parliament is to continue, for two or three years,
that they be dissolved at the pleasure of the Governor
and Council and summons for a new election issued at
any time. Signed by Joseph West, Ste. Bull, Flor. O'Sul-
livan, Paul Smyth, Ro. Donne, Ra. Marshall, and Jos.
Dalton, Registrar. Albemarle Point, 1671, March 21.
Endwsed by Locke. Together 10 pp. [Shaftesbury Papers,
Section IX., Bundle 48, No. "
March 21. 472. Governor Joseph West to Lord Ashley, Sir Geo. Carteret,
Arbemarie an d Sir Peter Colleton. Since his last of the 2nd instant it has
Ashley River. P^ ease( i God to call for our Governor, who was very aged, and
nature quite decayed in him. The 4th instant in the morning,
finding himself very weak and sensible, he sent for the Council,
and nominated the writer to succeed him in the government
until their Honours' pleasure be further known, the Council being-
all ready to give their consents. Conscious of his weakness he
Shaftesbury dares not be a suitor for so great a charge, but desires to con-
tinue no longer than their Honours can find out a gentleman
that may give more encouragement to a new settlement. To
leave the people last come inexcusable he called all the free-
holders of the Colony together to hear the publication of some
orders made by the late Governor and Council for the better
keeping of the Sabbath Day, and preserving their stock this
year, but some hot spirited persons, ambitious of perpetuating
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 183
167).
their own wicked inclinations, spurn at all order and good govern-
ment, fearing to be reduced from a sordid beastly life that they
will rather not live than be induced to live well. Such hath
been especially the life of Win. Owen amongst them, he having
some relation to his Lordship's secretary, Mr. Blany, who many
times since their departure from England hath appeared at the
head of the people and stirred them up to differences as their
Honours may see more at large in the general letter from the
Governor and Council. Has since the Governor's decease reduced
the people into two companies, that they may be the better
disciplined. Not 150 men yet in the colony fit to bear arms,
Are still forced to lie upon their guard, keeping good watch, not
trusting the Indians further than security will allow, for he is
very sensible, though they carry themselves never so fair, yet
are the Indians very treacherous and will let no opportunity slip
to destroy us. Has taken up for present planting about 300
acres disjoined from the town by a small creek bordering upon
the river, but interrupted by a marsh. Has cleared this year
about 30 acres and built convenient houses for ourselves and
servants, and enclosed the houses with pallisadoes as described,
so do not fear what all the Indians shall attempt. Arrival of
Captain Godfrey from Barbadoes in the Carolina to manage Sir
Peter Colleton's interest, and is very glad of his assistance, for
he believes him to be a good planter. Intend to plant most of
their ground this year with provisions, it being the life of a new
settlement to provide in the first place for the belly. Have
already sown peas and planted some Indian corn and wheat,
and believes English grain will agree very well with this soil.
Have also planted ginger and several other things to make ex-
periment of what commodities the country will best produce.
The winters here prove something sharp and cold, so that he
fears it will not prove a cotton country, but new comers like it
very well, and say they believe it will produce any commodities
that the Caribbee Islands do, as cotton, ginger, indigo, &c., and
have written several letters to encourage their friends in Barba-
does to come, and he believes many will come in a short time.
Stock thrives very well, especially hogs, which increase very fast.
The four cows he kept are a very small breed, and will be but
little profit except for stock. Is informed there is a very large
breed of cattle at New York, and that one cow will give two
gallons or more at a meal ; they want half-a-dozen such cows,
likewise horses are there very cheap and of good breed. Very
much in want of some to draw down timber to the water's side,
and most of the ground planted this year may be ploughed the
next. Has despatched the Carolina laden with pine timber, some
of it fit for masts for small ships, and for points for windmills.
Supposes the inhabitants have petitioned to take off Mr. Colle-
ton's sloop from here to Bermudas, she being upon that voyage
about three months at 30. a month, which is charged to the
inhabitants ; likewise they desire a mitigation of freight upon
goods sent to the first adventurers for the reasons stated. Negli-
184 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671,
gence of Captain O'Sullivan in laying out the people's lands, doubts
he is not capable, and if found so shall suspend him and employ
another surveyor from Barbadoes. Hopes they will send the seal
for the grants, two or three bales of parchment and a considerable
portion of good wax, likewise the patent from his Majesty, not
having so much as seen a copy. Very little of any stores left,
except a few nails ; requests supplies according to invoice, with
instruction as to freight. In want of a good doctor and a medicine
chest ; believes most part of the few people have died for want
of good looking after ; not one has died out of their family since
they came ashore. Hopes their servants who have been sickly
are now seasoned to the country, and that their Honours are
thinking of sending a supply from England, for some will be out
of their time next year, and one English servant is worth two
Barbadians, for they are so much addicted to rum that they will
do little but while the bottle is at their nose. Reasons why he
advises their Honours to part partnership. Wishes his salary paid to
his wife, that she may supply his wants which are at present very
great, and that they will consider he has managed the particular
affairs in partnership. The late Governor had about 40Z. worth
out of the stores. Desires instructions, for he was promised 100/.
per annum by Sir John Yeamans. Sends lists of people come
from Barbadoes in the John and Thomas and Carolina, also note
of bills to be paid. Captain Brayne hath taken some to be paid
in Barbadoes. With mem. of three seamen of the Carolina, de-
ceased, who are indebted to their Honours' stores. Endorsed by
Locke. With seal. 2 pp. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX.,
Bundle 48, No. 65.]
March 21. 473. William Owen to Robert Blayney. His Lordship (Ashley)
Ashley River, in great esteem in the country for his prudence and wisdom and
lat. 324o'm. care ^ them a ll a t this distance, and daily expect to hear that his
Lordship has made choice of a Governor fit for such an employment,
because of the continued growth of the country by the concourse of
people arriving. Multitudes from Barbadoes, New England, and
other parts already fitting for this country. The chief part of the
fabric of this design and settlement depends upon the prudent
management of things abroad and the good conduct of all affairs
upon the place. Is dubious whether the late Governor, whom they
took in at Bermudas, hath riot done a discourtesy already, for he
declared he had been an Independent these 24 years. He was, it
seems, very well known at Roanoke and Virginia, and in other
places, but with whom they were not well pleased. When dying,
partly with age and partly with a kind of lethargical distemper, he
desired that Mr. West, the Proprietors' storekeeper, should succeed
him in the government. Lord Berkeley's deputy, [W. Scrivener] the
most understanding amongst our statesmen here, insisted that West,
by reason of his employment, was not competent and prayed the
government might rest with certain other persons, in regard there was
not any one fit for the place, but this was carried against him. So the
same day the Governor was interred, the new Governor West, store-
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 185
1671.
keeper and a deputy, feeling authority creeping over him, undertook
to make a speech to the people, .the sum of which was that he assured
them he would inflict punishment upon them if they did swear and
profane, but not a word of encouragement to industry and planting,
&c. Some few days after he sent a Marshal to require all free-
holders to be at the storehouse. We are about 200 and odd
souls, of whom about 40 or 50 freeholders who were called before
the council table, where the Governor sitting said they had made
very good laws for beating down sin and swearing, which imposed
equal fines upon poor people here as the greatest of estates are subject
to in England, and in default gagging and whipping. Some told
him the laws of England knew no such thing as gagging, others
inquired why they were sent for, they might as well have posted
these laws to promulgate them. He told them he intended to have a
book wherein every man should subscribe his religion. The people
wondered where that book hath been all this while, being one of the
main things in the Governor's instructions. They then desired to
withdraw and consider what they had heard, and, having done so,
they unanimously agreed to adhere to the Lords concessions, saying
that when laws were to be made they were to be framed by 20
persons, freeholders, in the nature of a Parliament, and that these
being not founded upon the basis of the Lords' instructions for the
Government, they could not concur with them, to which the Governor
answered that they were but orders, but the people told him that
the King of England did not by orders impose either pecuniary or
corporal punishment upon his subjects, and the people very modestly
told him they desired a Parliament which the Lords had prescribed
for them and it were safe in them to obey and in him to command,
yet nothing of this doth he clearly understand. Other reasons why
a Parliament is necessary. Measures taken for the assuring of lands.
Cannot believe but the man (the Governor) is honest, but whether
of parts and reason sufficiently qualified in judging of civil rights he
cannot tell. A man for this place must be of parts learning and policy
and of a moderate zeal, not strict episcopal, nor yet licentious, nor
rigid presbyterian, nor yet hypocritical, but swaying himself in an
even balance between all opinions, but especially turning his fore to the
liturgy of the Church of England. This country will doubtless be
in a few years a place of plenty and trade ; all persons who come to
t ettle in it are pleased with it, and as they come they draw more
and are encouraged by those lately arrived from Barbadoes, so that
by the latter end of the year we cannot be less than 1,000 people.
In the meantime they are straitened for provisions until their crop
is off the ground. Those sent from England by way of Bermudas will
come by Tom Long. Had but one supply in August from Virginia
and a little corn and peas only from Bermudas, yet are they cheerful
and want not hope that within 18 months they will be able to eat and
drink plentifully. Had almost forgot to tell him the issue of their
debate. When they had urged all they could that things might be
acted only by the rule of the commissions, Lord Berkeley's deputy
stood up saying what we had offered was but just and reasonable, and
that whoever should deviate from the Lords Proprietors' directions for
18G
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
March ?
Shaftesbury
Papers.
the Government injured their prerogative and infringed the people's
liberty, whereupon the Governor for this protestation caused him to
be suspended from the Council, and the rest of the Lords' Deputies
concurred. This is an act which cannot be well resented by the
Lords, neither can any Governor, as the Lords have qualified him
here, expel any of the Lords Deputies from the Council, being upon
the matter co-equal with himself, without a breach of the Lords'
rights. Many here admire where my Lord Ashley hath met with
his deputy. Was sorry to hear that he studied hard in a great
strong house at London, and hath appeared suitable to the quality of
that academy, an informer, &c. If he had 10,OOOL per annum in
England yet would he have an interest here, and if ginger continues
a price we doubt not of more than an ordinary living. Wants only
about 25?. to be returned in commodities vendible in Bermudas to
buy young heifers to stock his great lot with a cooper and a carpenter
and a smith. Has heard the new Governor will write to the Pro-
prietors and bespatter Owen all he can, so that Owen may not be
concerned in anything. Was charged the other day with inciting
the people to muting and committed to the Marshal's hand but
discharged the next day, and told forsooth that the Governor did not
commit him for speaking for the people, but for scratching his head
and misdemeanoring himself in his presence. By this means the
Governor thought to take away his inclination from appearing in
behalf of the people. Reflections upon the Government who would
deter any body from acquainting the Lords Proprietors with the
state of things, and to that end the Governor hath ordered that no
letters be carried off before he sees them. Beseeches him to make
it his business to inquire and give no credit to what they say
ex parte. If he is found in the least otherwise than endeavouring
the good and amity and encouraging industry he will forfeit his life
and acknowledge himself guilty. Begs him to speak to Lord Ashley,
and procure his letter to Sir John Yeamans if he comes Governor to
see him righted or to any other person who may be appointed. Is
as forward in his plantation as any man in the country and they of
the Council ; most of them have not one servant nor any concerns, but
only once seemed to be zealous in the old Governor's time. A ddressed
to Robt. Blayney, Esq., at the Rt. Hon. Lord Ashley's, at Exeter
House, in the Strand, London. Endorsed by John Locke, o closely
written pages. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 66.]
474. " An old letter," so endorsed, neither signed nor addressed.
Description of " our river," by the Indians called Kiawa, but by us
Ashley River. Questions whether this country may not be com-
pared with any in the world for either health, pleasure, profit, or
delight ; in the summer it is like a bowling alley, full of dainty
brooks and rivers of running waters ; full of large and stately
timber. Account of its products ; the woods may rather be called
a garden than an untilled place. Has seen millions of ducks in a
flock darken the sky, and innumerable other birds ; it would ravish
a man in a morning to hear the chanting harmonious sounds.
Hunting both for pleasure and profit, cattle fit for the knife all the
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 187
1671.
year round, and hogs, sheep, goats, and other serviceable animals,
but too plenty of wolves. The place very healthy, not one master
of a family died since the settlement, except our good aged Governor,
Col. Wm. Sayle, who was at least 80 years of age ; no sickness,
though about 200 in the Colony. All sorts of grain thrive exceed-
ingly. In great hopes of ginger, indigo, tobacco, and cotton to be
their main commodities ; potatoes like to thrive. Our town, called
Albemarle Point, situated on a point almost encompassed with a
large marsh which may be easily strongly fortified. Mild winter,
summer not extreme hot. As of the land of Canaan, it may be
said it is a land flowing with milk and honey, and it lies in the
same latitude. Prays God to send them more thankful spirits and
grateful hearts than those stubborn, hard hearted, stiff-necked and
rebellious Jews. 1-J- pp. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle
48, No. 85.]
March 22. 475. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. Present, the Deputy
Governor and four of the Council. Ordered, on the motion of the
Assembly, that William Bate forthwith deliver to Robert Rich 60
barrels, or 50, if there be not so much in the stores, of defective
powder, taking security of him to redeliver the like quantity of
good powder in six months, f p. [Col. Entry BL, No. XI., 189.]
March 22. 476. Governor Sir William Berkeley to (the Committe of Trade
Virginia. a nd Plantations). Explains his conduct in reference to a business
that concerned one Farvacks, of London, merchant, and one Scar-
borough, a planter in this Colony, which his Royal Highness (the
Duke of York) had commanded the Governor to review ; that he
could not give a new hearing to Scarborough, nor would the
Governor's duty suffer him to let His Royal Highness' mediation
be altogether ineffectual, being the first that ever he received from
his Royal Highness of this nature. Has retarded the execution
ready to be issued out on Scarborough's first sailing for one year
to give time to his brother, Sir Charles Scarborough, to produce
anything to their Lordships that might alleviate his brother's debt
in equity. Hopes this will not be too severely censured by their
Lordships. Endorsed, " Rec. the 12th, showed his Royal Highness
17 May 1671." 2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 44.]
March 23. 477. Governor Sir William Berkeley to (Secretary Lord Arlington).
Did not receive his letter of 21st August until the 17th of March,
with another from the Duke of York, both intimating that he, the
Governor, should review the cause of one Scarborough, who seemed
to his Royal Highness and his Lordship to have more equity in his
cause than appeared to the Governor. Could have wished that
Scarborough's friends had procured this attestation before judgment
had passed against him, but this being the first of his Royal High-
. ness' commands, he could do no less than supersede the judgment,
hoping his Royal Highness will protect him from the censure of
the Lords of the Council. Encloses,
477. I. Copies of the orders in Court in the case of Scarborough,
1670, Oct. 26, 27. Together 3 pp. [Col Papers, Vol.
XXVI., Nos. 45, 45, i.]
188 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
March 24. 478. Warrant to Sir Thomas Chicheley, Knt, Master of the
Whitehall. Ordnance. To deliver to such as Anthony Lord Ashley shall ap-
point, four sacres, four minions, and four drabes, with ship carriages
to eaeh, to be used in the plantation of Carolina in the West Indies.
| p. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. XXIX., p. 53.]
March 27. 479. Minutes of Council of Antigua. Resolved, on receipt of
his Excellency's letter from London of the 26th November 1670,
importing his approbation of the way of government of the Council
after the decease of Col. Byam ; that the monthly courts be kept
by the Justices, and execution granted as formerly ; that no jury
court be held till further order from his Excellency, but that the
Judges issue out attachments on all judgments ; that in case any
person refuse to pay the levies per acre for the public treasury, the
act be put in execution, and that payments out of the public
treasury be ordered by the President, one of the Council, and one
of the Assembly. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 55*.]
March 29. 480. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Major-General James
St. Jago de la Bannister sworn of the Council. Petition of Priscilla Rignallfor her
Vega. husband's estate, viz., one house in St. Jago de la Vega, also several
debts, and some few goods and chattels forfeited to his Majesty, by
reason he was executed for killing Thomas Monroy, without which she
and her three small children must immediately crave relief from the
parish, she having paid 51. 10s. to the late Provost Marshall, the
coroner's fees and quitrents to his Majesty, and unable to pay her debts
by reason several persons indebted to her deny to pay the same,
alleging that they are forfeited to his Majesty : granted, with full
power to sue for her debts, in regard of her great poverty, great charge
of children, and the small value of the house and goods. Petition of
Richard Taylor, planter, that having for many years laboured as a
planter, and been held an industrious and sober person, he was one
day provoked by one Henry Westond to try his strength and skill
in the art of wrestling, when several falls were exchanged on
either side, but though Westond remained well to every one's
apprehension, and presently after had a more dangerous quarrel"
with one Wm. Heb, yet happening to die presently upon it, peti-
tioner was arraigned as equally guilty with Heb, and the jury gave
a verdict of manslaughter against both, for which, having past the
clergy, petitioner lies liable to be branded in the hand, a mark of
infamy to a sober minded person as grievous as death ; prays his
Excellency to remit the punishment, which shall teach him more
caution for the future : granted. Ordered that henceforth the
Secretary draw no licenses for drink unless the person bring a
certificate from two Justices of the peace, one to be of the Council
of the parish where he sells the drink, that he is a fit person to
draw drink. Ordered, on petition of Thomas Shutt and other
merchants riding at Port Royal, who having brought several quan-
tities of liquors to the island, for which they are obliged to pay
great sums to his Majesty for custom and import, according to an
Act of his Excellency and Council, pray relief ; that the merchants
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 189
1671.
have 28 days from the arrival of their ships to make up their
account of liquors, and then pay one third of the customs and give
bond for the other two thirds, dated within three days of their
ships coming in, and after that no allowance or dispute. 5i pp.
[Col Entry Bk., No. XXXIV., 212-217.]
March. 481. Warrant for allowing the account of William Lord Wil-
loughby, of Parham, Governor of Barbadoes. With directions to
the Auditor of the imprests for allowing on the said account
302,780 Ibs. Muscovado sugars paid to the customs officers in that
island, 2,500 Ibs. paid to Captain Poole for a wherry for his
Majesty's service, 216,912 Ibs. paid to Sir Tobias Bridge and his
regiment, and 616,067 Ibs. paid to Jeremy Eggington and William
Bate for provisions and disbursements in the time of Francis
late Lord Willoughby of Parham ; with further directions for
certifying a mistake of 1,200 gallons of molasses instead of 120
gallons, whereby the charge will be lessened 32,400 Ibs. Musco-
vado sugars. [Z)om. Chas. II, Docquets.~]
April 4. 482. A Committee of the Assembly of Barbadoes to Sir Peter
Barbadoes. Colleton and 11 others, Gentlemen Planters in London. Were
appointed at the last sitting of the Assembly to give them thanks
for their kindness expressed in theirs of the 14th December.
Since theirs of the 7th March the Deputy-Governor, Council and
Assembly have taken into consideration the present necessity of
repairing the forts, platforms, and breastworks in and about the
island, and have levied 200 Ibs. sugar on every copper and still
in all sugar works, and 18 Ib. sugar per head on all negroes in
plantations where there are no works, besides the proportionable
tax on the towns and traders ; which in their present condition
will lie very heavy on them, but are willing to break through
all obstacles to put the island in a good posture of defence, and
that his Majesty may see their readiness to lay themselves out
to the utmost for his honour and renown. This free act nothing
but true principles of loyalty could have compelled them to, it
being chiefly appropriated to those necessary uses the 4|Pr. Ct. was
to perform ; but present affairs requiring a more speedy remedy
than they could expect by waiting an answer from England to
that part of their addresses, and unwilling to force the Farmers
to the performance of the conditions of the Act, have chosen this
as a middle way. By the Act one quarter is reserved to their
own use, a good part whereof is intended home to the Gentlemen
Planters, for prosecuting their addresses before his Majesty, and
satisfying their former disbursements about the island's concerns.
Have concluded on a Bill to prevent depopulation, which they
have good assurance will pass into an Act next sitting, in which,
as also by another to encourage the making and wearing of the
island's manufactures, provision is made suitable to their pro-
posals. Ere long they may expect a fuller account from the
House. Signed by Ralph Frettwell, Henry Odiarne, and Nicholas
Prideaux. 2 pp. [Col Entry BL, No. XIII., 19-21.]
190 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
April 4. 483. " Copy of the relation of Wm. Fogg concerning the action
of the privateers at Panama, taken the 4th of April 1671." Sailed
6th December from Cape Liburon for Providence, where they
found 300 men in garrison, who yielded next day, but only 60
slaves and 500?. in plunder. In five days they sent Captain
Bradley with 400 men to take Chagre Castle ; where after nine
days he landed. They fired a volley at the castle, and fell into
the trench, which was 12 foot deep; that night they fired the
castle, which made it so hot they could not enter, it being of
double palissades and thatch, and lay under the walls the next
day ; the third day they fell on, but were beaten back, the enemy
being 370 men, but they rallied, entered the castle, and put all to
the sword, saving none but slaves and such as hid themselves. In
this conflict they lost Captain Bradley, Lieutenant Powell, and 150
men. A week after Admiral Morgan came up, and at the entry
over the bar the Admiral, which had been retarded by contrary
winds, and six small vessels were cast away and 10 men drowned.
Ten days after they went up the River Chagre in five vessels
about five leagues, and put their necessaries in canoes, the men
marching the other five leagues by the river side, cutting the path
with difficulty and finding five breastworks which the enemy left ;
and so in five days they came to Venta de Crux, the landing place,
where they found all burnt. Finding next morning that they were
about 1,200 men they marched, and in the afternoon were am-
buscaded by 1,000 Indians, but put them to flight, losing one
man, whilst the Indians lost their commander, the Prince of the
Indians, and about 30 men. Next day they marched about six
miles, and the third the like, and found they were within three
miles of the enemy's camp. Next morning they found the enemy
ready to receive them, being about 2,000 foot and 700 horse.
The horse in two divisions charged their " forlorn " and right
wing, but having received much loss by our first volley fled, and
their foot gave one volley and fled after them; they had the
pursuit about three miles, in which the enemy lost 500 men, and
they one Frenchman. That night they entered Panama, and found
the houses fired by the enemy. They lodged in the churches and
monasteries, which were of stone, and there lay a week ; found
plenty of victuals, but all the goods burnt, and the plate conveyed
away. After this their men marched out in parties, sometimes
100, sometimes 40, and 10, and took prisoners every day, but never
saw an enemy to face them, and after 28 days marched the way they
came and returned to Chagre ; whence a month since they sailed,
" and three days after the said vessel came," left the Admiral about
Puerto Bello, with three sail ; and the rest, he supposes, made the
best of their way for Jamaica. The party got but 101. per man
in money and plate, besides negroes. If pp. [Col. Entry Bk.,
No. XXVII., 120-121.]
April 5. 484. Draft patent for a Landgrave of Carolina to Sir John
Shaftesb Yeamans. In the handwriting of John Locke, with corrections
Papers. and additions. Latin, 2 pages and 3 lines. Endorsed. [Shaftesbury
Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 78.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 191
1671.
April 8. 485. Major Jas. Banister to the King. Has brought away in
Old Harbour, performance of his charge as many as the two ships would carry,
Jamaica. n i s own being wanting, and would have brought all his Majesty's
subjects from Surinam had things been carried as they ought and
he had had shipping; but by the perverseness of the Governor
was forced to leave above half and they who had the best estates,
of which his Majesty may be informed by the narrative of his
daily proceedings. These people have presented the enclosed peti-
tion; begs leave to add, that without his Majesty's favour they
will be undone and no way left them to get off the country, their
masters well knowing that the colony is broke if all the English
go off. Arrived at Jamaica 12th March and was received with
all civility by Sir Thos. Modyford who hath a special care for the
settlement of the people, and is very well satisfied with the fertility
of the island, which he is confident will in a short time prove one
of his Majesty's best plantations. Prays his Majesty's acceptance of
the small presentment he has presumed to send, viz., two Indian
swords, three lances which they mortally poison at their going to
war, and one bow, made without any iron tool, the only instruments
they ever knew being hare's teeth and sharp stones, with a snake's
skin, two fowls called cusslisses, and a young fowl called a gallding,
which when grown will be all of a perfect scarlet colour. Encloses,
485. I. Petition of his Majesty's loyal subjects now residing in
Surinam under the Government of the United Netherlands,
to the King. That depending upon the sudden return of
Col. Jas. Banister with orders for their transportation,
petitioners for several months kept themselves out of
engagements that they might be in a posture to withdraw
with their estates ; but being wearied by delays, intelli-
gence failing by the miscarriage or interception of letters,
and the Dutch frequently suggesting that there would
never be any such concession, many began anew, whereby
they became so deeply indebted to the Dutch, that without
apparent ruin it was at this time impossible to remove.
Humbly request therefore a future conveniency by two
other ships, with which the Dutch will never furnish them,
being possessed that the welfare of the colony consists in
detaining the intelligent and industrious planters, of whom
they have few of their own nation, they being absolutely
determined to sell their plantations, which, with the crop
in the ground, they hdpe will not only disengage them
from their creditors, but enable them to begin some
considerable settlement in Jamaica. Signed by Thomas
Scattergood, Oliver Hempson, and 54 others. [Col. Entry
Bk..,No. LXXVIL, 57-60.]
1670. 486. " A narrative of the proceedings of Major Banister in the
Nov. 15 business of Surinam." Left London 15th November 1670; re-
to ceived Henry Ayler, master on board the America, at Dover, the
1671, 27th ; kept company till 9th December, when falling foul of the
April. Johanna in the night broke their head and " bole splitt," lost
192 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
company of the other two ships ; and arrived in Surinam 9th
January, delivered to the Governor the States General's orders,
and received the most kind and respectful show of civility to be
imagined. Wrote to Lord Arlington, landed on the 12th with
Captain Yates and Mr. Ayler, and found the Governor with others,
who caused the following declaration to be read. Declaration of
Governor Philip Julius Lichtenberghe : That the English merchant
ships were to stay but six weeks after Major Banister's arrival ; that
all the English inhabitants might transport themselves in the same,
with their estates and slaves, except those bought of inhabitants
of the colony since the surrender, and other goods, provided their
debts are duly paid ; that a court was appointed at Paramaribo
31 Jan.
on the ,Q y, i to decide controversies as to the price for which
slaves purchased since the surrender shall be restored; all who
intend to leave to give notice to the Governor in 10 days after
the -g-f tn January; that any English may remain without fear
of his Majesty's displeasure ; and may at all times transport
themselves from the colony on the same conditions. That those
departing shall not destroy anything they will not take with them,
or cannot dispose of. Stated his objections to this declaration to
the Governor, who would have had him sign it, which he denied to
do, finding he could not have the States General's orders published,
and was commanded not to speak to the people. This declaration
was read to the people, who would have had some -conference
with Major Banister, but no opportunity presented, for he was
guarded by two captains. That day and the next all the people
of Paramaribo division (except one) gave in their names, which
caused the Governor to put forth two notifications in the other
divisions to prevent them declaring their intentions to remove by
leaving them no way to pay their debts but in money or such
goods as sugar or speckle wood, which he knew few or none were
masters of. Went up the river in the America to his plantation,
accompanied by the Scakerlope ship of war, which placed a guard
at the creek's mouth and another on the land side of his planta-
tion, to prevent any English from coming to him till the 10 days
for giving in their names were expired. The declaration was
published at Toorarica on ^-fth, whither he sent Captain Ayler,
who was commanded not to speak to the people. Knew the
notifications would prevent many from giving in their names,
and wrote to the Governor desiring a conference. His letter
letter dated Occaribo 29th January 1671. Receiving no answer
and hourly hearing what menaces and persuasions were used to
prevent the English from removing, wrote again to the Governor
desiring a conference, and not to persist in using threatenings or
menaces. The Governor's reply, desiring him to come to Para-
maribo the following Monday, which Banister knew was designed
to spin out the little time he had to stay, he therefore wrote
again to the Governor, that he desired to be present at the deci-
sion of debts, and requested that the removers might be first paid
what was justly owing to them, that they might satisfy their
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 193
1671.
creditors, and offering to charge bills on the Council for Foreign
Plantations for what they have not wherewithal to satisfy. The
Governor's answer : That the decision of the debts must be by the
ordinary court of justice ; that he would endeavour to compose the
business, and be glad if the creditors would accept the bills he
propounds, but cannot see how they can be forced ; that he thinks
it more convenient Banister should stay at his plantation to avoid
all jealousies, but will confer with him after the court. Where-
upon Major Banister wrote again complaining that as concerns
debts the Governor was acting contrary to the Articles of Sur-
render by Colonel Byam and the States General's orders, him not
to infringe ; also desiring him to permit Captain Yates to acquaint
those that have given in their names, what care his Majesty has
taken for their transportation and settlement ; or must protest
against him for what he has done or shall do contrary to said
Articles and orders. The Governor's reply : Is much surprised at
his accusation, and will be glad to see by his protest how he has
infringed his orders. Takes his letter to proceed from too much
inflamed passion, which may be was kindled because some things
here do not succeed according to his imagination, but will be glad
to confer with him and the other Commissioners concerning debts
and for the despatch of the departing people. At their coming the
Governor was told he sent for them to confer about the debts of'
those that would remove, and that Major Banister should have the
executions delivered to him for the debts owing to the removers,
which the Marshal should serve according to his orders. His
reasons for refusing the Governor's proffer, and that he would not
concern himself in the business, but would receive on board all
such as came within the time* limited, and if the Governor did not
grant this, he would take it as a breach of the orders and act
accordingly. Next morning the Governor sent him a paper, which
he ordered the secretary to read in Dutch in the presence of several
Jews and Dutch, again presenting to the Commissioners the execu-
tions against the unwilling debtors of the departing English, and
offering to command the Marshal to wait on them with strict
order to execute the same without delay; and requesting the
Commissioners, if they are of opinion that he has faltered in per-
forming any part of the orders of the States General, that they will
put the same in writing that all disputes may be debated and friendly
annulled, otherwise he shall take no more notice of what has been
complained of by word of mouth. By which paper their Lord-
ships may perceive that the Governor's drift was to know whether
Major Banister would protest, but was resolved to keep him in
doubt. Ten days later the Commissioners wrote to the Governor
that finding he would make believe by his fair pretences that his
desire has always been to act according to the Articles, despatches,
and orders passed in this business, and that notwithstanding they
could not prevail with him to condescend to several things granted
in favour of the English, nor to admit of a friendly debate before
the court, nor to accept their reasonable propositions ; but on the
contrary that he has acted to the prejudice of those that would
U 51'J12.
19-i COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
remove, contrary to said Articles, they have declared this in their
n 24th February
protest winch follows, and is dated ,, AT . > 1671, and signed
by Jas. Banister, Fras. Yates, Thos. Stantor, Hen. Massey, Ja.
Maxwell, Tobias Bootinan, Christ. Rendar, Hen. Ayler, and Rich.
Covile. Caused this protest to be read in the presence of the
Governor, Capt. Vorstarr, and his Secretary, Mr. Boll, with several
of the Dutch nation, and besides themselves, Sam. Sleigh, Thos.
Lambert, and John Yates. The Governor seemed much troubled
at the reading yet could not contradict any one article, but
importuned them to dine with him, after which he caused the
enclosed paper to be read in the Dutch tongue, the contents of
which Banister knew not. The Governor came aboard the
America and Johanna and examined all the passengers the same
evening, to see if there were any aboard contrary to the States
Generals orders. They then weighed anchor, and were accompanied
to the river's mouth by the Dutch ship of war, and most of his
fellow subjects of any account in the Colony, with their wives ;
whom he entertained with the Governor, and sailed on the 28th
February, the ship of war saluting them with seven guns. On
1st March the Johanna stood away for Barbadoes, to land three
families there. On the 12th the America arrived at Port Royal in
Jamaica, where Sir Thos. Modyford received him with all possible
respect and friendship, and ordered shallops with provisions to
carry the people to proper places of the island, with a surveyor to
lay out their lands. The Johanna missing Barbadoes, arrived five
days after in good condition. Begs their Lordships to take notice
of the sad condition of his fellow subjects left in Surinam, most of
whom are of good estates, yet entangled with debts to the Dutch,
and by the unjust proceedings of the Governor made incapable of
parting with anything to clear themselves till the Governor knew
it was too late, thinking they would be persuaded to stay when
Banister was gone ; but in that they were much mistaken, for at his
coming away the chiefest of them came under pretence of taking
their leaves, and presented him with a letter to his Majesty begging
him to send -for them off, though at their own charges. Besides
their utter ruin hangs on the Dutch having discovered this plot.
Beseeches their Lordships therefore to solicit his Majesty's favour,
without which it is impossible to obtain their enlargement ; for their
Lordships may judge what unreasonable terms will be exacted for
transportation, if they demanded of Banister for the hire of a fly
boat for a short trip to Barbadoes no less than 360?., when the
Johanna was hired by his Majesty for 90?. per month. This caused
him and others to sell their cattle for anything they could get, yet
was he forced to leave goods behind to the value of 300?. or 400?.,
for he never heard of his own vessel since Capt. Covile left her.
[Col. Entry Bk., No. LXXVII., 33-56.]
April 8. 487. Major James Banister to Sec. Lord Arlington. Thanks
Old Harbour, f or hi s ' many exceeding kindnesses. Begs him to defend and assist
the distressed condition of his Majesty's remaining subjects at
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
195
1671.
Surinam, whom he left extremely desirous to remove from their
subjection to such strange people's government but could not clear
themselves in the time limited. Desires him to induce his Majesty
to send them shipping, which they are ready to freight at their
own cost, or they will be all ruined and never be able to get off'.
As to his particular business at Surinam, refers to his narrative
sent by Francis Wightwick. Sailing thence in 14 days they
arrived at Jamaica, where he was courteously received by Sir
Thos, Modyford, and his commission published with great respect.
This island is very fertile, and questionless in a short time will
be a flourishing settlement, but till Sir Thos. Modyford showed
them the way, the very name of a planter was strange amongst
them. Endorsed, Answered August 15th 71. 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVI., No. 46.]
April 10. 488. Lord Ashley to Joseph Dalton. He is in so good esteem
Exeter House. w ith all the Lords Proprietors [us] that he need not doubt those
encouragements to which he may have any just pretences. Are
all willing to continue him in the office of Secretary, as they
have no complaints against him and hope he will so behave as
Sbaftesbury to give them reason always to think of him as they do now, the
fittest man for that place. He will by this ship receive a paper book
as desired and all sent to him by friends freight free. [Skaftes-
bury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 55, p. 13.]
April 10. 489. Lord Ashley to Col, Wm. Sayle. The river he has chosen
Exeter House, to plant on, though not that they (the Lords Proprietors) intended
when their ships went out of England, yet is so much better and so
well fitted to all the ends of their present design that they very
much approve of his remove from Port Royal to Ashley River and
think that Charles Town where settled is very convenient for their
new settlement. Expect much good success from this hopeful
beginning and from his integrity, experience, and careful manage-
ment. Complain of his having refused observance to instructions
because signed only by Sir Peter Colleton and himself, we two
having the great care of this business left to them. They have been
at great charges for supplying him with all necessaries, and they
must expect from the people there and from him in particular to be
careful of their interests. Is forced to remind him of this because
the Carolina went away from Barbadoes in September last, not
for their advantage but other men's, who loaded timber for them-
selves ; some might have been taken in upon their own had their
concerns been regarded. Recommend him to be very punctual in
observing his instructions, and some are of more consequence for
the security and thriving of their settlement than the planting of
towns in which if men be not overruled their rashness and folly
will expose the plantation to ruin ; the difference whereof is
apparent in New England and Virginia. To press this so abso-
lutely on the people is for their safety and advantage. A bill of
20?. charged upon him by O'Sullivan for the use of passengers
without authority, Mr. West being their agent. Desires to be
informed about this. As to Col. Sayle's wishes concerning Mr.
N 2
Shaftesbury
Papers.
196 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Sampson Bond, if he will go to Carolina lie shall have 500 acres,
401. per annum, and a house, but though allowed this to he Preacher
among them, the Lords Proprietors give neither him nor Sayle
authority to compel any one in matters of religion, having in their
Fundamental Constitutions granted a freedom in that point which
they resolve to keep inviolable. 2 pp. [Shaftesbury Papers,
Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 55, pp. 15, 17.]
April 10. 490. Lord Ashley to Stephen Bull. His behaviour in their
Exeter House, government very acceptable to the Lords Proprietors and to him-
self in particular, and he may be confident his Lordship will be
careful of him. Is very well satisfied with the goodness of the
climate and country he is pitched in, and thanks him for the
Shaftesbury account he has given of it and to continue his correspondence.
Papers. They have now sent another ship fitted with people and design
not to stop the supply until they are 1,000 strong. Only expect
the people's carriage to be answerable to the care the Lords Pro-
prietors have of them and intend to continue. [Shaftesbury Papers,
Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 55, p. 27.]
April 10. 491. Lord Ashley to William Owen. Keturns thanks for his
Exeter House, letter (see ante, No. 261) and for his discreet and partial infor-
mation of the state of affairs. The Lords Proprietors intend
not to slacken their hands until they have brought such an
addition of people as he has mentioned to be sufficient for the
support and security of the plantation. As they are careful to
Shaftesbury supply their present necessities, hope they will not fail to answer
Tapers. ^e j j0r( j s Proprietors' expectations and be careful of their just
interests there. Begs he will send notice what may be most
advantageous for the settlement and of the condition of affairs.
Particularly desires he will send word whether the Indian Cas-
siques, their neighbours, be absolute lords in their own terri-
tories, or else be tributary princes and pay subjection and homage
to any greater King who is their Emperor. He need not doubt
that the Lords Proprietors will be sparing of their encourgement
to a man who shall contribute to the welfare of their people
there. Have at his request granted freight free for things or
persons his friends shall now send out of England. [Shaftesbury
Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 55, pp. 37, 39.]
April 10. 492. Lord Ashley to Sir John Yeamans. Is very pleased to
Exeter House, receive the first fruits of their plantation at Ashley river from
his hands, who has been so forward to promote their settlement
there. Sends herewith a patent for Landgrave in acknowledgment
of his assistance to the design in which his exceptions to the
descent have been considered according to his desire, so that it
Shaftesbury shall not be in any danger of going out of the family. The Lords
Papers. Proprietors have no othejr aim in framing their laws than to make
every one as safe and as happy as possible, and to order every
one's condition so that all together may make up a quiet equal
and lasting government, wherein every man's right, property, and
welfare may be so fenced in and secured that the preservation of
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 19?
1671.
the government may be every one's interest. Recommends to him
as very necessary the planting of people in towns, the chief thing
that hath given New England so much advantage over Virginia.
Desires therefore that when he goes to Carolina this summer lie
gives direction and assistance in it and put them in such a way
of settling in towns as may be most equal and convenient for the
planters and so order the home lots in every colony, the Lords
Proprietors requiring that all the inhabitants of every colony
should set their houses together in one place, which place is left
to the choice of the inhabitants themselves, so that those who
come after may share in the conveniency of the town and have
an equal proportion of home lots left them. Has moved the rest
of the Lords Proprietors in the behalf of Mr. Woodward who have
sent him 1 001., besides which Lord Ashley has sent him 20. which
is not all they intend to do for him. Desire that while his stay
is necessary to maintain correspondence between our people and
the Indians that he would be persuaded to stay where they will
be sure to be mindful of him. 2 pp. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section
IX., Bundle 48, pp. 73, 75.]
April 10. 493. Lord Ashley to Woodward. Thinks himself obliged to
Exeter House, take care of him and his concernments, and he shall have no reason
to repent the pains he has taken and the ventures he has run in
Carolina. Has recommended his services to the rest of the Lords
Proprietors, who have, out of their public stock, ordered him 1 001.,
Shaftesbury so he may take up either part or the whole in servants or goods
aper8 ' out of their stores at Charles Town, or in commodities, as he
desires, from England, Barbadoes, Virginia, or any other placev
Sends him, besides, 201. as a particular gratuity from himself.
Hears that besides the correspondence he manages with the
neighbour Indians he has been 14 days' journey up the country
with a great Emperor there, with whom he has made a league, and
where he has discovered things he thinks nob fit to reveal to any
but themselves, in which he has done very discretely. Wishes the
condition of their people there did not yet awhile need his stay
among them for keeping up the friendship and commerce with,
those language and customs he is so well acquainted with that
nobody can be so helpful to their settlements. Their planters too,
till they have learnt the natives' language and got a better know-
ledge of them, cannot, his Lordship fears, well do without him.
The Lords Proprietors must, therefore, for some time deny them-
selves the satisfaction of those discoveries he reserves for them till
he comes to England, and Lord Ashley desires he will not leave
their plantation till the Indians and their people are grown into so
good an acquaintance one with another as not to need an interpreter
between them. Earnestly desires him not to give the least hint to
anybody if he have any knowledge or conjecture of mines, for fear
the people, tempted by hopes of present gain, should forsake their
plantations and so run into certain ruin, which has followed those
who have formerly marched into this country in search of gold and
silver. Begs him therefore to keep any such thing secret, but if
198
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
convenient td give any hint in letters to call gold antimony and silver
iron, in case his letters fall into other hands. 2 pp. [Shaftesbury
Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 55, pp. 77, 79.]
April 11. 494. Sir James Modyford to Joseph Williamson. Has not
Jamaica, written to or heard from him for a long time, nor has he ever had a
word from Lord Arlington, notwithstanding his many large epistles
from Barbadoes since leaving England, though he pressed for his
Majesty's commands whether to stay or return, Providence being
retaken before his arrival ; which island; being again possessed by
the privateers, on their way to Panama, who carried off all
Spaniards, thinks himself bound to go and take possession thereof
for his Majesty. His setting -out from England and stay at
Barbadoes, with all his people, cost him 1,000?., if not more, whereof
he is never like to have a farthing. His resolution is to send over
a party with a Deputy Governor to take possession, and follow
himself with such force as he can get. Endorsed, R., 29 June 1G71.
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVL, No. 47.]
April 11. 495. Copy of preceding. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXV I., No. 48.]
April 12.
Jamaica.
498. Sir James Modyford to Joseph Williamson. This addition
is to beg that he will assist his cousin Charles Modyford towards
obtaining as much as possible of all sorts of ammunition, there being
nothing left from our people's plundering, to the very great guns,
which they threw into the sea or spiked. Received 5th July 1671.
1. p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXVL, No. 49.]
April 11-12. 497. Copies of preceding letters.
No. 50.]
[Col Papers, Vol. XXVL,
Shaftesbury
Papers.
April 12. 498. Lord Ashley to Hugh Wentworth, Governor of the
Exeter House. Bahamas Islands. He will receive with this the King's Patent for
Providence and the rest of the Bahamas, wherein he will find some
other considerable Lords Proprietors, with Lord Ashley, in this
grant of Wentworth's islands, of which he has procured a commis-
sion for him to be Governor. Will readily do anything for him as
an acknowledgment " for the beginning of this and putting of it
into my hands." The Lords Proprietors intend as soon as they are
informed of the extent of his island and the quantity of good
plantable land in it to establish a lasting, fair, and equal form of
government for all sorts of people. It is designed to keep for the
Lords Proprietors, for the nobility, and for the people. Looks
upon him as a man who hath so much contributed to the planting
of this island that he shall not find himself neglected when by the
settlement of the Government the nobility shall be named. Intends
that he and his posterity shall, by the shares he shall have among
the nobility, reap the benefit of having led a colony of English
there. Nor shall he be unmindful of Mr. Dorrell, who has a good
share in this undertaking, and has laid out money and pains in
transporting people thither. Desires him to take care of his in-
structions to govern the people with equal justice, and to allow
them proportions of land advantageous to the settlement.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
199
1671.
April 18.
Barbadoos.
April 19.
April 20.
Barbadoes.
him to write often, and so let him know if there be a great deal of
land fit for cocoa nuts, which ho hears grow well in Providence.
Also as to the quantity of brazilletto, and what worth per ton,
2 pp. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No, 55,
Pi). 85, 87.}
499. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. Present, the Deputy
Governor and four of the Council. Demand made on Robert
Parker, Commissioner of the Customs of 4| per cent., for necessary
repairs of the fortifications as by the Act he ought to do. Answered
that they could not pay anything without particular order from
his Majesty or the Farmers of said Customs, i p. [Col. Entry
Bk., No. XL, 189-190.]
500. Minutes of the Assembly of Barbadoes. This day was
communicated to the Assembly by the Deputy Governor a letter
from his .Excellency, dated Nov. 7 last, together with copies of a
letter and inquiries from the Commissioners for Foreign Plan-
tations to his Excellency, dated 29th Sept. last (see ante, Nos. 327,
327. i., ii.) 5 pp. [Col Entry Bk, No. XIII., 21-26.]
501. The Assembly of Barbadoes to Sir Peter Colleton and ten
other Gentlemen Planters in London. Refer to their Committee's
letter of 4th inst., and the levy therein mentioned which may
amount to 1,000,000 Ib. sugar, and have appointed their Treasurer
forthwith to ship 100,000 Ib. to them, not doubting they will
manage whatever shall come to their hands to the best advantage
of this place. And for the better method in carrying on their
addresses, have chosen Ferdinando Gorges to be their solicitor at
all times before the King, Council, and committees, upon such in-
structions as the Gentlemen Planters shall give him, allowing him
for his pains 100Z. for one year. The five heads which they lately
desired might be presented by Lord Willoughby, with one more,
all which are enclosed, are what at present they suppose neces-
sary to be addressed to his Majesty. Hear his Majesty was
displeased with those heads, and supposing the manner rather than
the matter might be the cause, give all their other heads of ad-
dresses sent home by his Excellency, all or any of which they
may with caution petition his Majesty for. But as to the 4| per
cent, the most material are these six. Desire that the first may
be principally insisted upon, and it is the earnest request of the
Assembly that they use their utmost endeavour to give his Majesty
a true relation for what uses and ends said imposition was granted,
when the Assembly is confident his Majesty will grant the con-
dition expressed in the Act. Instructions as to the second head,
in relation to free trade with Scotland, unless merchants from
Scotland may make return thither of the produce of their cargoes,
they will in a short time be left destitute of Christian servants,
few or more coming from other parts ; as to the third, their desire
is to obtain leave to send their produce to any nation in amity
with England, first paying custom in Barbadoes or well securing
it to be paid in England ; as to the fourth head, to answer any
200 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
complaints in England, desire them to lay before his Majesty the
great prejudice if not utter ruin to any person of the island to
be compelled to do so ; as to the fifth, that if Sir Tobias Bridge's
regiment be disbanded, it would redound to the advantage of the
island, to represent to his Majesty their great burden and how
useless being fully officered, but the soldiers few and many of them
islanders, so that the island would be weakened by their going
hence ; as to the sixth head, heartily thank them for their en-
deavours to prevent the laying on a new imposition on sugar ; have
nothing to add to their reasons, but desire they may be more
vigorously pressed, and if the imposition cannot be prevented, then
that it be doubled on foreign sugars. Enclose copy of the refusal
of the Commissioner for receiving the duty of 4^ per cent, to pay
anything for the uses expressed in the Act without special order
from his Majesty or his employers. It is generally rumoured that
they lie something under his Majesty's displeasure, but know not
for what cause, having ever showed their readiness in his Majesty's
service, though to their own impoverishment, which are evidenced
by the several A.cts for raising sugar for their defence in the last
war, amounting to 4,869,571 Ib, besides the labour of 232,972 hands,
amounting at 10 Ib. per day to 2,329,700 Ib. sugar. This last levy
on coppers, stills and negroes, copy of which Act is enclosed,
are all besides what has been given to defray the charge of govern-
ment. To use their diligence to endeavour their re-establishment
in his Majesty's favour, and to inform the Committee of their re-
quests, lest others take advantage to present such glosses as may
cause more trouble to remove than the obtaining of the addresses
themselves. Signed by Henry Walrond, Speaker. Enclose,
501. I. A paper containing the heads of addresses sent by his
Excellency in Nov. 1668, with the six heads mentioned in
the above letter, viz. : (1) To represent to his Majesty
their sense of and hearty thanks for his care, <&c. ; (2) the
abuses and heavy taxes in the Customs, and mistakes of
sugars ; (3) that they may transport produce to any place
in amity with England, the duties to his Majesty first
secured; (4) to be permitted to set up a mint; (5) the
great inconvenience of patents ; (6) that all custom be
taken off goods transported from England ; (7) that
customs laid on strong liquors in England may not ex-
tend to those made here and transported thence ; (8) for
procuring a charter, making them a body corporate with
all powers formerly granted to the Earl of Carlisle.
These not yet granted. The following to be now presented,
(1) about the 4 per cent, being appropriated to other
uses than intended ; (2) the grievance of want of free
trade with Scotland for supply of servants ; (3) that they
may enjoy the same privileges of trade as Tangier ; (4)
that none be compelled off the island to answer any com-
plaint in England; (5) about disbanding Sir Tobias
Bridge's regiment ; (6) to use their utmost endeavour to
prevent a new imposition on sugar.
AMEEICA AND WEST INDIES.
201
April 20.
Barhadoes,
April 20.
Barbadoes.
1671.
501. II. Extract from the Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes of
the 19th (sic. 18th) April (ivhick see). Refusal of Robert
Parker, Commissioner of the Customs of the 4| per cent.,
to pay anything out of that duty without order from
his Majesty or the Farmers. Together Q pp. [Col. Entry
Bk, No. XIII. 26-31.]
502. The Assembly of Barbadoes to Governor Wm. Lord Wil-
loughby. Return hearty thanks for his Excellency's care in their
behalf, especially in presenting their late addresses to his Majesty,
the success of which they have not yet been informed of, but do not
doubt so soon as his Majesty shall be rightly informed of the state
of Barbadoes ; and, being informed (by the last ships) that his Ex-
cellency was required by his Majesty to repair to his Government
here, have solely empowered some Gentlemen Planters in London to
do their utmost for the accomplishment of their desires, and the
rather because his Excellency declared before going that some of
them could not properly be presented by him for reasons best known
to himself, but that he would not hinder their prosecution by others.
Signed by Henry Walrond, junior, Speaker. [Col. Entry BL, No.
X'lIL, 32.]
503. The Assembly of Barbadoes to Ferd. Gorges in London.
Having some time since received friendly advice from their fellow
Planters in England as to how they may most aptly proceed for the
interests of his Majesty and this place, desire him to solicit before his
Majesty, the Council, and all Committees concerned, what they shall
give him in charge, returning account thereof on all opportunities,
and that he apply himself from time to time to the Planters in
London for their advice, to whom they have also written. Have
ordered 100?. to be paid to him for his pains herein for one year,
besides all his other necessary charges. Signed by Henry Walrond,
junior, Speaker. p. [Col. Entry Bh, No. XIII., 32-33.]
[April 20.] 504. A true account and relation [by Henry Morgan] of
this my last expedition against the Spaniards by virtue of a
commission from Sir Thos. Modyford, Governor of Jamaica with
the advice of his Council [see ante, No. 209]. In order to the
execution of his commission [see ante, No. 211], sailed from
Port Royal, 14th August, with 11 vessels and 600 men for the
Isle of Ash, the rendezvous, and on September 6th despatched
Vice-Admiral Collier with six sail to the main for intelligence.
September 30th arrived Captain John Morris, with Emanuel
Rivero's vessel (who burnt the coast of Jamaica), which he had
taken, and in her three original commissions. In October arrived
three French vessels, and in November seven more sail from
Jamaica; but upon examination of some of their own men and
some Spanish prisoners, the time of the year, and but one land-
ing place strongly fortified, it was impossible to attempt the
place without the hazard of the whole party and the certain loss
of most if not all our vessels. On 28th October Vice-Admiral
Collier returned with two of the enemy's vessels, one of which
the Gallardee, was assisting to Rivero in burning the coast of
202 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Jamaica. In her were 38 prisoners, who were examined, and
what was said by two of the most sensible was reduced to
writing. Marcus Delubra, master, deposed, That he saw the
people at Carthagena " listed and all in arms offensive against
the English"; that several Spanish ships have commissions from
the President of Panama, Don Juan Peres De Gusman, and have
taken several Englishmen, and that they have great encourage-
ment against Jamaica by reason of a fleet out now from old
Spain under one Don Alonzo. Lucas Perez also deposed to the
same effect. On 2nd December the captains, 37 in number,
unanimously resolved, " that it stands most for the good of
Jamaica and safety of us all to take Panama, the President
thereof having granted several commissions against the English."
Signed by said captains. Whereupon on December 8th they
sailed, and on the 14th arrived at Old Providence, and on the
15th the Governor submitted and was transported with his men
to the main, but four of his soldiers became guides to the
English. Understanding that the Castle of Chagraw blocked
the way, it was determined to attack it, which was done by
Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph Bradley with 470 men, who after
fighting in the trenches from 3 o'clock till 8 the next morning,
stormed the place. The enemy refused quarter, which cost them
360 men, while ours lost 30 killed and 76 wounded, whereof the
brave Bradley was one, who died 10 days after. Leaving 300 men
to guard the castle and ships under Major Richard Norman, they
started on 9th January 1671, with 1,400 men in seven ships
and 36 boats up the river. The enemy had basely quitted the
first entrenchment and set all on fire, as they did all the rest,
without striking a stroke. Was forced there to leave his ships
and boats with 200 men to guard them, under command of
Captain Robert Delander, and betook themselves to the wild
woods. Routed the enemy by the forlorn commanded by Captain
Thomas Rogers two miles from Venta Cruse, where they arrived
on 15th. It is a very fine village where they land and embark
all goods for Panama, but they found it as the rest all on fire and
the enemy fled. Began their march next day, the enemy con-
stantly galling them with ambuscades and small parties. Had to
march four abreast, the enemy laying over their heads to get to the
Savanas ; losses on both sides. On 17th they saw the desired place,
the south seas and a good parcel of cattle and horses, which
served all their men, and came in sight of the enemy in Batalia
with 2,100 foot and 600 horse. Next morning drew up his men
in the form of a tertia, the vanguard led by Lieutenant- Colonel
Lawrence Prince and Major John Morris, in number 300, the
main body 600, the right wing led by himself, the left by Colonel
Edw. Collyer, and the rear guard of 300 commanded by Colonel
Bledry Morgan. Account of the manoeuvres which forced the enemy
to change their ground. One Francesco de Harro charged with the
horse upon the vanguard so furiously that he could not be stopped
till he lost his life ; upon which the horse wheeled off and the foot
advanced, but met with such a warm welcome and were pursued
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 203
1671.
so close that the enemies' retreat came to plain running, though
they did "work such a stratagem as has been seldom heard of, viz.,
attempting to drive two droves of 1,500 cattle into their rear. In
the city they had 200 fresh men, two forts, all the streets barri-
caded, and great guns in every street, which in all amounted to
32 brass guns, but instead of fighting commanded it to be fired,
and blew up the chief fort, which was done in such haste that 40
of their own soldiers were blown up. In the market place some
resistance was made, but at 3 o'clock they had quiet possession of
the city, although on fire, with no more loss in this day's work than
five killed and 10 wounded, and of the enemy about 400. They
endeavoured to put out the fire, but in vain, for all was consumed
by 12 at night, but two churches and 300 houses in the suburbs.
Thus was consumed the famous and ancient city of Panama, which
is the greatest mart for silver and gold in the whole world, for it
receives all the goods that come from Spain in the King's great
fleet, and delivers all the gold and silver that comes from the mines
of Peru and Potozi. Here they stayed 28 days, making daily
incursions on the enemy for 20 leagues without having one gun
fired at them " in anger," though they took 3,000 prisoners, and
kept " dargues " in the south seas cruising and fetching prisoners
who had fled to the islands. February 14th. Began their march
to Venta Cruse with all their prisoners, where they stayed and
refreshed till 24th, and on 26th came to Changraw, where the
plunder (amounting to about 30,000.) was divided and the castle
fired and the guns spiked. March Oth. Began their voyage for
Jamaica, where some are arrived and the rest daily expected.
Had it from the prisoners that the reason there was no more
wealth was because they had two months' notice, and laded two
great ships of 350 and 700 tons with money, plate, gold, and
jewels. Signed by Henry Morgan. 8 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXVI., No. 51.]
April 20. 505. " The relation of Admiral Henry Morgan touching the
service done his Majesty in the late expedition against the
Spaniards, by virtue of an Order of Council [of Jamaica] and a
commission given him accordingly." Copy of the Minute of Council
of June 29, 1670 [see ante, No. 209], and of the preceding account
and relation of Sir Henry Morgan. 4| pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No.
XXVII.,pp. 121-128.]
April 20. 506. Another copy of the Order of Council of Jamaica of 29
June 1670, mentioned above, with the heading only, " The Relation
of Admiral Henry Morgan." 2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. 26, No. 52.]
1671 ? 507. Capt. James Hayes to Col. Christopher Codrington, Deputy
Governor of Barbadoes. Bound from Virginia to Barbadoes
19th March 1671; in the Hope pink, of London, Capt. Thomas
Blackinan, commander, fell in the night amongst the breakers on
the windward side of Martinique, and having put her through at
great hazard came to anchor at Portagalloone, where their captain
gave account of the distress they were in to the chief in power
204 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
for that side of the island, who cleared them ; but, forced to tarry
two days for wind, the French general sent a company of soldiers,
who surprised them, took the ship, and brought them about to
Backstar; where the French general, after examination, said he
believed they were about their lawful employ, but a Jamaica
privateer had taken a French sloop, valued at 54,000 Ib. sugar,
which he was resolved they should pay, being subjects to the same
crown ; and without any legal proceeding he took both ship and
goods, bidding Hayes address himself to the King of England for
satisfaction. Prays his honour's favourable representation of their
cause to his Majesty. Endorsed, " Copy of a letter to Coll.
Christopher Codrington, Deputy Governor of Barbadoes, from
Captain James Hayes." 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 53.]
1670? 508. William Byam, Governor of Antigua, to William Lord
(Antigua.) Willoughby, Governor of Barbadoes. Sent his Excellency the sad
news of the death of the Lieutenant-General, and of the manner of
the death of James Willoughby in this island, together with an
account of the state of affairs, and would have written as con-
veyances presented, but for advice that his Excellency was daily
expected in Barbadoes. Renders humble thanks for his Excellency's
commission for the government of this island and Barbuda, received
21st May last; and that this honour may not consume his estate,
which is low, as the gout does his body, hopes his Excellency will
mind his Majesty that there may be an establishment for its
support, and if not speedily done the favour intended may prove
his ruin. The French are rampant among these islands, having
two men-of-war of 70 and 40 guns at St. Kitts, and a frigate of 14
guns at S te Cruce, commanded by M. La Barett, and all these to
secure their trade from the Dutch, whom they handle with severity.
Cannot omit one ignoble passage of the Governor of the Grenadoes.
A Dutchman from Guinea falling in with the island with 200
negroes, was invited by the Governor to trade, and security assured
him, but no sooner were the negroes landed, but the Governor
dispatched a shallop to La Barett, who sent up his Vice Admiral
and immediately seized poor Hans, suspecting no danger, being of
24 guns, carried him to St. Kitts, and keeps him as a prize till the
business be decided in France. Hears his Lordship's choleric
enemy, M. St. Laurence, is to go home, and a new Governor
expected. The Proprietor of Guadaloupe, who sold his right to the
Royal Company of France, but are unable to pay his 200,000
crowns, is returning over. M. St. Leon continues Governor there ; and
M. La Biere [sic La Barre] of Martinique. M. De Baas, their general,
continues rigid to them all. Has a friendly correspondence unless in
two passages. One occasioned by a privateer taking a French, or
rather a Spanish, shallop on the main, bringing her to Nevis ; the
French demanded the shallop and justice on him that took her ;
upon which the captain of the privateer was imprisoned and the
French desired to come and prosecute, but after long imprisonment
and none appearing the captain was enlarged : on this, or before,
an English ship, bound from Virginia, was seized at Martinique,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 205
1671.
and thinks is still detained there. The other passage savoured of
hostility ; a French man-of-war sloop, coming off from St. Kitts
with a trading sloop of ours, commanded the English sloop to
strike, which the master refusing to do to any but his own
sovereign's flag, the French fired, wounding the master, who shortly
after died. But though they thus huff it for the present at sea,
on shore the planter lives miserable through the tyrannical taxa-
tions of the R C. The Dutch are more fortunate in their trade
than in their colonies : if not weary of Surinam, they shortly will
be ; they are no planters, sad souls for suffering any hardship.
They have called off their small colonies at Banrooma and other
places to reinforce Surinam ; but fever and ague, belly-ache and
yawes, disable or destroy them, especially their new comers; so
that many are returned and more will follow. The Jews seem now
highly dissatisfied with the country ; if those and the English
withdraw it will be but a sad colony. Heard very lately thence :
Major Bannister was not then arrived ; most of the English would
gladly withdraw could they disentangle themselves of the debts,
which the policy of the Dutch has noosed them withall. They
are still sickly; great supplies of negroes and no whites, so that
if once the blacks get a head they will make the colony theirs ;
really believes that will be the end of it. They expect a new
Governor, the present one, Captain Lichtenberg, being very ill, and
'tis thought will hardly go alive out of the country. Their colon}''
of Tobago has lately received a great blow by the invasion of
the Island Indians. But they thrive in their trade, for at Cura9oa
they vend a vast quantity of negroes to the Spaniard, and of late
four ships from Jamaica for ready pieces of eight carried thence
great store. They intend to settle a mart for negroes at Tortola
to engross the trade of Porto Rico. This advice Finsly brought,
who by his Excellency's order was employed thither to bring off
the English, most of whom were gone, and of the few there none
would come off. The natives of the islands still punctually observe
the articles agreed with his Excellency, often inquiring when he
will give them a visit. Nevis lately presented the Governor of
Dominica with the liquor they love to be distributed amongst
them, and other acceptable gifts, and several Indians went
with the sloop to Nevis. Has now brought his Lordship to
Antigua, the island of greatest consequence, though least spoken
of and regarded, unless by his Excellency ; did his Majesty under-
stand its invaluable convenience for situation and unparalleled
harbours, whereby lying to windward it might be a curb to the
French and Dutch on any breach. Their present condition is
sadly deplorable, all his Majesty's islands supplied with negroes
except poor Antigua, not but that they can have them if they act as
some do, the Dutch would supply them, but they dare not embrace
it; they languish and decline for want of hands, and it is his
Majesty will feel it in the end ; the strength of the planters con-
sists in single men, who have neither servant nor slave. A great
drought has rendered the crops backward and bad, and brought
the planters in debt, and, if the rigour of the law be used, they
206 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
fear a general desertion of the land, and nothing will stay the
planters or increase the settlement but a free trade or supply of
slaves, which, if his Majesty would connive at for a time, the
island were made, otherwise utterly ruined. Barbuda is thriving ;
is now despatching a commission to Captain Campbell, Governor
there. All at Parham are well ; the windmill does exceedingly
well. The canes are very old and bad : 40,000 Ib. has been made
of them : none of the new yet ground : Tom Garret has been
overseer there four or five months : he is careful and just, and is
passed his trial and now recovered. The Amity, of Bristol, bound
for Nevis with wines, was taken accidentally by a Spaniard, near
Deseada, which landed the men at Cura9oa. They had positive
orders to heave all privateers overboard. TJds letter was probably
written in 1670. 3 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 28*.]
April 24. 509. Lords Proprietors of -the Bahama Islands to Gov. Hugh
Wentwortb, and the Councillors and Assistants. Commission
granting power and authority with consent of not less than six
of the Council, whereof three at least to be their Lordships'
Deputies, to lett, sett, convey, and assure lands in said islands with
the conditions and limitations set forth in their Lordships' in-
structions and concessions herewith sent. Also, to execute all
powers and authorities in relation to the Government, both civil
and military, according to instructions sent herewith. In case of
absence power to appoint a deputy. Mem. John Wentworth com-
missioned in the same form 26 December 1671. All in Locke's
handwriting. [Col. Entry Bh, Vol. XX., pp. 56-57.]
April 24. 510. Lords Proprietors' instructions in sixteen articles to the
Whitehall. Governor and Council of Providence : To summon all freeholders,
inhabitants of Providence and Eleutheria and the rest of the
Bahamas; to elect twenty freeholders who with the Governor, the
deputies as their Lordships' representatives, and five other councillors
as the nobility, are to be their Parliament to make necessary laws,
which, ratified under the hands and seals of any three of the
deputies, shall be in force for two years unless their Lordships'
pleasure to the contrary be declared in the meantime. To send
copies of all laws enacted, which when approved and ratified by
the Lords Proprietors, shall remain in force three years from the time
of being enacted. The Parliament to choose five freeholders, who
joined with the five deputies are to be the Grand Council, with
whose consent or the consent of six of them whereof three to be
deputies shall hear and determine all controversies and judge all
civil and criminal causes. The deputies and councillors to take the
oath of allegiance or to subscribe promise of allegiance, fidelity,
and submission in a book for that use provided. To enact a law
that every ship carrying guns upon her arrival pay one pound of
gunpowder per tun for the supply of ammunition of the islands. To
call a Parliament in November of every second year and oftener if
there be occasion. To take notice the Lords Proprietors grant to
every free person inhabiting any of the Bahamas before 26th March
1671 [? 1672] fifty acres, and the like for each servant they bring,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
207
1671.
and thirty acres to each servant so brought when out of his time,
paying yearly from the year 1690 a penny per acre as a chief rent
for ever; also to all free persons who arrive after 26th March 1672
thirty acres, and the like number for each servant they bring, and to
each servant who shall arrive before that time 30 acres when out of
his time to him and his heirs for ever, and the same conditions to
all who arrive after 26th March 1672 until further instructions be
received. To all such as by these concessions have right to land
having sworn or subscribed allegiance this grant shall be passed
which follows, to be signed by the Governor and three deputies
and recorded in the Registrar's office appointed for the purpose.
Every lot to be set out in one entire piece, and that the front of his
land abutting upon the sea or any swamp be but one fifth part of
the length running upwards into the country. To take care that
two fifths of all the land respectively of equal goodness with what
the people plant be reserved for the Lords Proprietors and such as
they constitute the nobility. The land to be laid out in squares of
1,200 acres to be bounded by limits running directly from east to
west and from north to south, and are to be called colonies. When
any of the Council dissent from any act or resolve of the Council
they are to send their reasons and the others the reasons of their
proceeding. One square of 1,200 acres to be set apart for the use
of the Governor in perpetuity. One third of all ambergris found to
be reserved to the Proprietors, of which part they bestow a third
upon the Governor. Prohibition to cut any brazilletto wood except
upon his own plantation without leave. Signed . by Albemarle,
Craven, Ashley, G. Carteret, and P. Colleton. The first article and
a few corrections in Locke s hand. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XX., pp.
58-60.]
April 27. 511. Lord Ashley to Joseph "West. The plantation he manages
Exeter House. i s no more upon the private account of Sir G. Carteret, Sir P.
Colleton, and himself, but upon account of all the Lords Proprietors,
so that cattle or anything else out of the stores is not to be satisfied
for to the public stock. Is somewhat unsatisfied that the Carolina
had no timber aboard for Barbadoes upon the Lords Proprietors'
account, though a great deal upon private men's. But is not satis-
fied with any of Brayne's voyages, and thinks it necessary to say
that the Lords Proprietors are apprehensive that Sir Peter Colleton
may have advantage of them by mingling trade with Barbadoes. " I
expect you make no words of this," but not to suffer Sir Peter an
advantage beyond the rest of the Lords Proprietors to their prejudice.
Expects an account to be kept of their stores, to whom delivered, and
at what rates, that so they may be repaid in work, timber, or goods
as may best consist with the ease of the planters. Confesses freely
he has not been a little unsatisfied, and if they have not fair dealing
they will stop their supplies. Desires an exact account by every
ship. Did not think the Governor would have disputed any in-
structions signed by Lord Ashley and Sir Peter Colleton, and cannot
imagine he should deviate from the rules set down for him unless to
order the disposal of the stores more to the Lords Proprietors'
Shaftesbury
Tapers.
208 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
advantage in some things which at this distance they could riot see.
Approve his taking Capt. Bay ley's four servants into employ until
they can return to their master. In Locke's handwriting. [Shaftes-
bury Papers, Section IX., Bdle. 48, No. 55, pp. 88-89.]
1671. 512. "New England affairs before the Council of Plantations,"
April 27 1671, April 27. Ferdinando Gorges petitions the Council. May 22
to May 10, Robert Mason's first petition to the Council ; divers relations con-
1672. cerning New England, with observations of the Commissioners lately
employed there, read. June 16, Col. Cartwright's papers concerning
the New England colonies read. June 10, the patent of the Mas-
sachusetts read. June 21, commission and instructions of Col.
Nicolls, Col. Cart wright, and others employed by the King in New
England read : Colonel Cartwright informed the Council that he
believed that the ministers of New England would be contented that
the government might be changed. June 26, the papers given into
the Council by Lord Arlington but the same that had been taken
from copies of Col. Cartwright's papers. July 24, Robert Mason's
second petition to the Council read. Aug. 3, the Council agreed to
present an address to the King about sending Commissioners to
New England to examine differences touching boundaries and com-
pose them amicably, if they could, if not to state the case to the
King for his determination. Aug. 12. report concerning New
England, a representation of the present state of New England and
sending over Commissioners. Signed by E. of Sandwich, E. Lauder-
dale, E. Arlington, Lord Clifford, Lord Gorges, Tho. Grey, H.
Brouncker, Jno. Finch, Ed. Waller. Sept. 19, Lord Arlington in-
formed the Council that the King had agreed to send Commissioners
to New England, and desired that instructions might be prepared
against spring. Nov. 13, Mr. Slingsby informed the Council that
he had spoken to Lord Arlington concerning the King's sending
Commissioners to New England, and the Council to treat with Mr.
Mason and Gorges about sale of their estates in New England, the
Council expected that they should not sell their interests in New
England without the King's leave, which they promised. 1672,
Jan. 22, the Council ordered that the King should be moved for
sending Commissioners for New England, the season of the year now
approaching. Feb. 13. Lord Arlington moved to the Council to
proceed in preparing commissions and instructions. April 30, the
Council informed by Lord Culpepper that the King had named
Commissioners. Mr. Slingsby desired to cause a draught to be made
out of the late reports to the King. May 10, the Council agreed
that the commission for New England should be expedited in
drawing up. Mr. Slingsby desired to advise with the Attorney-
General. 1 p. Two copies. [Col. Papers, Vol. 26. Nos. 55, 56.]
April 30. 513. (Don Gasparo de Arteaga), Governor of St. John de Puerto
Rico to Sir Thomas Modyford. The Queen Regent was pleased to
send him the Treaty of peace, concerning a good correspondency
between the two nations within the seas and ports of America ; and to
command him to agree with Modyford and the neighbouring Governors
for publication of them at the same time. Has sent the orders
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 209
1671.
of his Majesty to the President of Hispaniola, San Domingo, and the
Governors of Caraccas, Cumana and Margarita, leaving to Mody-
ford's pleasure the day, but has proposed that of the Vespers of St.
John. If there should be any inconvenience in this, will do it the
day that Modyford shall appoint ; and if advice from him should
be retarded, the publication shall be celebrated on said festival, and
will repeat it on the day Modyford assigns, " because good news doth
never weary." The Governor of Antigua sent him notice of the
peace some months before, demanding the English prisoners on the
island, but because it did not come authorised from his master could
not agree to deliver them ; now, if any ships come from English
islands will embark them with all speed, and if none come will
furnish them with ships ; not failing in anything on his part towards
fulfilling said articles of Peace. 1 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No.
XX VI I., 129-130.]
May 1. 514. " Carolina Instructions " in twenty articles from the Lords
Whitehall. Proprietors. To summon the freeholders of the plantation to elect
twenty persons who, together with the deputies, their Lordships'
representatives, are to be the Parliament to make laws, which Acts
shall be in force as provided in the Fundamental Constitutions and
* temporary laws. To call a Parliament the first Monday in November
every two years and as often besides as the state of affairs requires.
To require the Parliament to choose five men to be joined with the
five deputies, who, with the five eldest men of the nobility, are to be
the Grand Council. To every free person arriving in Carolina before
26 March 1672 shall be granted 100 acres, 100 acres to each man
servant, and 70 to each woman servant or man servant under
sixteen, and to every servant that arrives before that time 70 acres
to his or her proper use when out of their time and to their heirs
for ever, and the same condition to all who arrive after said 26 March
1672. The land to be laid out in squares, each square to contain
12,000 acres, and to be bounded by limits running directly from
east to west and from north to south, and to be set out for signories,
colonies, and baronies. All who take up Jand in the same colony
to set their houses together in one place, but the place so set out for
a town to be left to the choice of the inhabitants themselves. When
the town is chosen the surveyor is to lay out the streets according
to the model herewith sent, those afterwards building to set their
houses fronting the streets, that so when the town shall come to be
built with good houses the streets also may be large, convenient, and
regular. In all towns built upon navigable rivers nobody shall
build a house within 80 feet of low-water mark, but it shall be left
for a wharf for the public use of the town. A common of 200 acres
shall be set out round about the place chosen for a town where for
the first one and twenty years each householder proportionably may
plant provisions, and after that time the common to be to the use of
the inhabitants for feeding cattle and exercise of the people. Each
freeholder to have not above one-twentieth part of his whole right for
a home lot, and not more than one fifth of that lot to front upon a
navigable river, the remainder, called his out lot, in what place he
U 51912. o
210 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
likes best, but not within the prescribed distance of the town designed
for home lots for others. To persuade the people to plant far up the
country, to avoid the ill air of the lowlands near the sea. To send a
description of the first convenient healthy high land upon Ashley
River where it is fit to build the chief port town for shipping. To
send a description of Ashley and Wando Rivers, drawn by a compass
to a scale, and a map of the country divided into squares of 12,000
acres a piece by lines running east and west, north and south. To
defend^themselves against acts of hostility, but to keep a fair corres-
pondence with the people round about them, and to be careful not
to give just causejof offence, and punish those who offend, and make
reparation to the injured. Two of the discreetest men in every town
to be chosen to trade with the Indians, that so the price of beads
may not be brought low by covetousness or ill-management, the
choice of these men to be once a month in every town. The stores
not to be spent idly, and only given to those who stand in absolute
necessity, and pay for them in work or the produce of the country.
That on the arrival of the Blessing, Capt. Halstead be provided with
a ship loading of timber. To endeavour to procure the collection of
debts for stores by work at moderate rates, at cutting, squaring,
and loading said ship with timber. To set out baronies according
to the Fundamental Constitutions to James Carteret, Sir John
Yeamans, and John Locke, who have been made landgraves. In
setting out every man's lot to reserve convenient highways from the
colony town to the plantations beyond it, and from one colony town
to another. Signed by Craven, Ashley, G. Carteret, and Peter
Colleton. With mem. in Locke's hand. That the model of the
town above mentioned was of streets running straight, whereof the
largest was 80 feet, the back street to that 40 feet, the next 60 feet,
and the back street 30 feet, which streets divided the town into
squares, each of whose sides was 600 feet. [Col. Entry Bk., XX.,
pp. 62-65.] .
May ? 515. " Temporary Laws, Carolina." It is resolved and agreed
by the Lords Proprietors that till by a sufficient number of inhabi-
tants the government of Carolina can be administered according to
the form established in the Fundamental Constitutions : 1. That the
Palatine name a Governor, and each of the Lords Proprietors a
deputy, which deputies, with an equal number of others chosen by
the Parliament, shall be the Councillors till the Lords Proprietors
order a new choice or the country be so peopled as to be capable of
government according to the Fundamental Constitutions. And when
landgraves or cassiques are created by the Lords Proprietors, an
equal number of the eldest resident in Carolina of the deputies to
be of the Council, that so the nobility may have a share of the
government, and the whole administration come as near the form
designed as the circumstances of the growing plantation will permit.
2. The Governor, with the deputies, landgraves, and cassiques
chosen councillors, to be the Grand Council and have all the power
and authority of the Grand Council and other courts till they come
to be erected. 3. Besides the deputies for councillors, the Chief
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 211
1671.
Justice shall choose and constitute the Provost Marshall, the Chan-
cellor, the Secretary, the Treasurer, the Receiver, the High Steward,
the Surveyor, the High Chamberlain, the Register of Births, Burials,
and Marriages, and the Admiral, the Marshal of the Admiralty.
4. The article in the Fundamental Constitutions beginning, All the
revenues and profits shall not take place till the Lords Proprietors
who have laid out money in carrying on the plantations be reim-
bursed. 5. In the first taking up of land each Proprietor shall have
but three signories, and each landgrave and cassique one barony,
till by the increase of the inhabitants part of 72 colonies shall be
possessed by the people, after which time every man to be free
to take up the proportion of land due to his dignity. 6. All lords
of baronies and manors to have each upon his barony 30 persons
and upon his manor 15 persons respectively within seven years of
the date of his grant, or be liable to a fine by the Parliament of
Carolina, unless the Lords Proprietors allow him longer time. 7.
All Acts of Parliament before the government is administered
according to the Fundamental Constitutions to cease at the end of
the first session of Parliament chosen according to the articles con-
cerning Parliaments established in the Fundamental Constitutions.
Signed by Craven Ashley, G. Carteret, and P. Colleton. [Col. Entry
Bk., XX., pp. 66, 67.]
May 1. 516. Instructions from the Lords Proprietors of Carolina to
Whitehall. Capt. Halstead, in 18 articles, the last being in Locke's hand, as
likewise are the signatures' of the Lords Proprietors at the end. On
his arrival at Ashley River to deliver the eight leaser guns, with
their carriages, to the Governor and Council there, and procure a
lading of timber, pipe staves, and other commodities for the Blessing,
fit for the market of Barbadoes, and, if need be, have the help of
the Lords Proprietors' servants, under the care of Mr. West, to fell
and load. To take an account of Joseph West how the provisions
of victuals and clothes and the stores of war have been disposed of,
and how they are to be paid for, and what remains ; also as to the
fishing and Indian trade, the remainder of money sent by Lord
Ashley never accounted for, the cargo from Virginia, provisions
received from Bermudas, the disposal of 24,000 Ibs. of sugar drawn
upon Mr. [Thos.] Colleton, and the beef and flour sent by him.
To deliver his cargo to Mr. West, and take his receipt for same.
If there 'is time during the ship's loading at Ashley River, to take a
view of the country and seek for a healthy high land to set out a
town, also to bring descriptions of Wando and Sewee Rivers. To
inform himself concerning the healthiness, richness, and other pro-
perties of the soil, and the useful productions of the country, and
the size of masts, and to bring samples of casini and their dyeing
stuffs. When the ship is laden to go with her to Barbadoes and
touch at Augustine, and, if he may safely do so, trade at Bridge
Town and dispose of the timber, if possible, for ready money, and,
if not, to consult with John Strode, whom he may trust. If he
hath trade at Barbadoes, to consult with Sir John Yeamans and
Thos. Colleton, to get a quick freight of passengers for River Ashley,
o 2
212 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671
the carrying of passengers thence being the main end of sending
out this ship, and to lay out the produce of his timber and freight
for passengers in rum and sugar for trade to Virginia. To inquire
at Barbadoes what Mr. Colleton's bills charged upon the Lords
.Proprietors were for. After landing his passengers at Ashley River
to sail to Virginia and lay out the produce of the rum and sugar
in cattle, to be delivered to Mr. West at Ashley River, and the
remainder of the cargo to lay out in provisions fit for Barbadoes, if
no need of them in Carolina. To get statement of accounts from
Messrs. Godwin and Bennet, and apply to Sir Wm. Berkeley, Henry
Chicheley, and Mr. Applewright concerning these accounts, and
how the Lords Proprietors may have right done them. From
Ashley River to sail again to Barbadoes with another cargo of
timber, and the produce to invest in a cargo fit for the Bahamas,
and if passengers present to sail to Ashley River, and from there to
New Providence, and there to deliver the boxes and letters sent by
him, and the four sakers with their carriages, and the shot and
powder to the Governor for the use of the island, and get his
assistance for sale of the rum and sugar, to procure a lading of
braziletto wood and what else is fit there for the market of Eng-
land, and if fully laden to sail direct for London, but if not, to
touch again at Ashley River, fill her with cedar, and thence sail
to London. If unsafe to trade at Barbadoes by reason of any
infectious disease, to deliver the timber to John Strode, and with
the produce load salt at the Salt Tortugas for Virginia, and from
thence as above directed. To remember the chief employment of
the ship is to carry people to Ashley River, and to make other
business of traffic subservient thereto. To learn as much as he
can of the husbandry and manufactures of the places he goes to,
particularly in Virginia of the sorts and ordering of mulberry trees
and silkworms, some of the best of which he is to plant in
Carolina, and the right way of making silk, tobacco, indigo, cotton,
&c. To consult with the Governor as to the best way of disposing,
&c. of the stores at Ashley River, and that upon the fair dealing
of the people will depend the continuance of the supplies. To
leave with John Dorrell, senr., at Bermudas duplicates of the Lords
Proprietors' despatches to New Providence. Liberty to take a
trip to any other place for the purpose of carrying people to
Carolina, except to Jamaica, which we would not have you do
upon any pretence. To take an account of the ship's stores and
the expenses from time to time during the voyage. Signed by
Craven, Ashley, G. Carteret, and P. Colleton. [Col. Entry Bk,
XX., pp. 68-71.]
May 1. 517. Form of deputation for the Bahama Islands, or appoint-
ment of a deputy who shall act with the Governor as one of the
Council and be the Lord Proprietors' representative in Parliament.
John Robinson is hereby appointed deputy for Lord Ashley. With
mem. in Locke s hand that in the same manner Sir G. Carteret
deputed Richard Jones May 10, Lord Craven, Capt. David May 9.
Sir P. Colleton, Jarvis Ingolsby May 13. On 30 December 1671
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 213
1671.
were sent to Capt. Halstead blank deputations to be filled with fit
deputies by Capt. Halstead, Lord Craven, Lord Ashley, Sir G.
Carteret, and Sir Peter Colleton. [Col. Entry BL, XX., p. 61.]
May. 518. List of deputies in Providence. Capt. David for the Earl
of Craven, John Robinson for the Earl of Shaftesbury, Richard
Jones for Sir G. Carteret, and Jarvis Ingolsby for Sir P. Colleton.
[Col. Entry Bk, Vol. XX., p. 83.]
May 1. 519. The Committee of Gentlemen Planters in London to the
London. Assembly of Barbadoes. Since their last by Perryman and a copy
by Capt. Yates, it has pleased God to put a better end to their
solicitations in Parliament than they could have expected, and they
judge it their duty to give a full account of all passages in this
business. Parliament having agreed to lay an additional duty on
foreign commodities, amongst which sugar was mentioned, they
applied themselves to the Council of Plantations, showing how
ruinous it would be, and to several leading members of the House
of Commons ; and then they began to perceive that the refiners had
brought sugar on the stage, thinking by their interest in the House
to get the tax so proportioned as to prevent the planters from
making any improvement by sun-drying, claying, &c., and encour-
aged by the Barbadoes merchants, they dispersed the enclosed
papers amongst the members of the House ; petitions were put in
by the refiners and the merchants, praying to be heard at the Bar of
the House and what took place thereon. Knowing the Lords to be
unconcerned and of more discerning judgment than the generality
of the Commons, they put in their addresses to them, as will be seen
by the enclosed petition and reasons, and the merchants, Lisbon
merchants, and refiners, did so also; account of what followed;
undoubtedly they had had the same success as in the Commons,
had not Lord Willoughby, who was one of the Committee, with great
efficacy convinced the Lords of the mistake the merchants were
running them upon, so they reduced white sugars to 2| farthings,
and returned the amended Bill to the Commons, who flew into a
heat, and voted the Lords had no right to abate of any aid granted
to the King ; and both adhering stiffly to their privileges, the King
prorogued Parliament to 16th April next; by which the Bill fell
and they are eased of this tax for the present (N.B. A full
account of this debate is in the Lords Journal, Vol. XII., April 12
to 22.) Have thus shown with how great difficulty they kept off
their ruin ; and hope they are convinced how necessary it is to have
the Barbadoes merchants concerned in their improved sugars, by
passing some law for their receiving their outstanding debts in those
sorts ; which would also compel all contracts for the future to be
made in money, and avoid the great objection the refiners and
merchants so fiercely urged, that brown sugar was the money of the
plantation. This will separate the merchants' interest from the
refiners', who, united, may prove too powerful should Parliament at
their next sitting think of laying an imposition upon sugar. Lord
Willoughby has shown himself wonderfully affectionate and zealous
in their concerns, and very instrumental with the Lords in the ease
4 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
they have. Col. Thornburgh also took great pains, and, being an
unconcerned person, was of great use to convince the Lords that
the " improcured " sugars was the concern of all the planters ; and
the like did Capt. Collier, which has so angered the merchants, that
it may prove prejudicial to him, unless the Assembly assist him.
Hope they will mind Col. Thornburgh. Are not over hasty in
promoting their addresses, by reason the King is at present not
over well pleased with the loss of his Bill, which was occasioned
wholly by the dispute upon sugar ; but will be mindful of it when
a fit opportunity presents. Again recommend the care of the forti-
fications, and the speedy home of money for reimbursing and
defraying the charge of their affairs. Signed by Sir P. Colleton,
Henry Drax, Thos. Wardall, Edw. Pye, James Lucie, Ferd. Gorges,
John Bowden, Sir Paul Paynter, and John Searle. Received by the
Assembly of Barbadoes 4th July 1671. Enclose,
519. I. Propositions humbly offered to the Council by the refiners
of sugar in England for the encouragement of that mystery
within this kingdom. 4 pp.
519. ii. An exact account of the net value of white and unpurged
brown sugar, imported from his Majesty's plantations in
America, humbly offered to the serious consideration of
the House of Commons on behalf of the planters,
merchants, shipowners, and mariners trading to said
plantations. 2^ pp.
519. in. The state of the case of the sugar planters in America,
being the planters' first paper (see N~o. 520). 3 pp.
519. IV. The state of the English sugar trade with that of
Portugal (see No. 520). 1 p.
519. v. The case between the English sugar plantations and the
refiners stated (see No. 520). 1 p.
519. VI. The case of the refiners of sugar in England stated.
This was the refiners' first paper. 3 pp.
519. vn. The case between the English sugar plantations and
the refiners by some of the planters stated, and by the
refiners answered. 3 pp.
519. VIII. Reasons humbly offered by the refiners for the pro-
portion of four upon white to one upon brown in the
imposition to be laid upon sugars. 4 pp.
519. IX. Petition of the merchants, shipowners, and mariners
trading to his Majesty's sugar plantations in America to
the House of Lords. 2 pp.
519. x. An exact account of the net value of the three sorts of
Barbadoes sugars presented to the House of Lords on
behalf of the merchants, shipowners' and mariners trading
to his Majesty's sugar plantations in America. 3 pp.
Together 31 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XIII., 45-76.]
520. " The state of the case of the Sugar Plantations in
America." In 1666 the English possessed Barbadoes, the better half
of St. Christopher's, Nevis, Montserrat, Antigua, and Surinam, which
employed annually 400 English ships, with 10,000 seamen, and
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 215
1071.
furnished a native commodity of above 800,000. value per annum
to the nation, besides a considerable revenue to the Crown, of
which not above 40,000. was clear gain to the planter, and the rest
was distributed in England in exchange for provisions and manu-
factures. In 1666 the French made sugar on half St. Christophers,
and a very inconsiderable quantity on Martinique and Guadaloupe ;
but in that year they took from the English their half of St. Chris-
topher's, Antigua, and Montserrat, with above 15,000 negroes, and
materials for 150 sugar works, amounting in value to 400,000?.,
which they carried to their own plantations, whereby they not only
much increased the making of sugar, but increased in strength also by
the great numbers coming to them from France and from our colonies.
The French King knowing this trade to be the best nusery for
seamen, furnished his West India Co. with a very great stock of
money, with many other acts of grace and favour for beating the
English out of that trade ; and has imposed a custom in France but
of 4 livres per cent, on sugars of his own plantations, and 15 livres
on whites, and 32 livres 10 sous on English and foreign refines. By
reason whereof English and foreign sugars are no longer transported
into France, and great quantities of foreign sugars are imported
into England ; so that there is little profit to the planters, who,
encumbered by a custom of 4^ per cent, in the colonies, and 12^
per cent, in England, will be necessitated to lay down the trade, or
the poorer sort, who are the strength of the colonies, will be neces-
sitated to go to the French or other plantations, as 1,600 within this
last year have done from Barbadoes alone. By which means the
French King may take the English plantations, and make himself
sole master of the sugar trade. The inconveniences which would
follow, England would have 400 sail and 1 0,000 seamen less, and
France as many more ; a native commodity of 800,000?. would be
left, making 1 ,600,000?. difference in the balance of trade ; and the
Guinea trade would infallibly be lost also. From which it appears
that the English plantations are no way able to bear further impo-
sitions on sugars ; but that rather, after the example of France, a
higher duty should be laid on foreign sugars.
The state of the English sugar trade with that of Portugal. The
planter of Brazil can produce sugars 30 per cent, cheaper than the
English planter. There is not imported from Portugal above 2,000
chests of sugar annually, costing 40,000?.; three-fourths of the sugars
received in Portugal in exchange of English manufactures, being in
English ships carried to the Straits and other places, it would be
much more to the advantage of the nation to have all carried the
same way. The sugars bought in Portugal for the English market
are the very best made in Brazil, and are sold at 3?. to 3?. 10s. per
cent., whereas the English being confined all to England, most of
their whites are sold for 45s. per cent. ; so that if Id per Ib. be laid
on English as well as foreign sugars the English are charged above
35 per cent, heavier than the Portugal sugars.
Statement of the case between the English sugar plantations and
refiners. Two-thirds of the planters turn all the sugars they send
216 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
* to England into whites, and the rest do not bring both ends
together. Two Ibs. brown sugar will make one Ib. good white ;
if white sugars from the plantations be taxed one penny and
browns one farthing, the refiner can supply white sugar at one half-
penny per Ib. less than the planter, and a few refiners, of whom
there are not above 12 in England, yet those enough to melt down
all the brown sugars from the plantations, will beat out the planters
from the white sugar trade, engross it themselves, and, as the only
buyers of brown sugars, will set what rate they please, to the utter
undoing of the sugar colonies. Printed one large folio sheet.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 57.] On 12 April 1671, the Earl of
Sandwich gave the House of Lords an account of ivhat the committee
had prepared to be offered at the conference with the House of
Commons concerning the amendments made by their Lordships in
the Bill for additional impositions on foreign commodities.
Touching the imposition upon sugars of our own colonies, the
committee recite the case of the planters, merchants, and refiners laid
before them, and state their reasons for recommending to tJie House
of Commons an abatemeut on the imposition of sugars. See Lords
Journal XII., pp. 486, 487.
521. Address of the merchants, owners of ships, and mariners
trading to his Majesty's sugar plantations to (The House of Com-
mons). That the white sugar planters by an account delivered to
the Committee of the House of Lords, have untruely stated the
relative values of un purged brown sugars and white sugars. Pro-
pose that if this honourable House will reduce the rate of unpurged
brown sugar from one farthing to half a farthing per Ib. his
Majesty will receive a greater and more certain revenue ; for most
of the unpurged sugars imported would then be refined and con-
sumed in this kingdom, and his Majesty receive the full excise.
Whilst paying one farthing per Ib. the refiner cannot be encouraged
to manufacture them, and they must be exported. See as above,
Lords' Journal, XII., pp. 486, 487. Printed, 1 p., two copies.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., Nos. 58, 59.]
May 5. 522 Licence from Col. Jas. Russell, Governor of Nevis, to John
Perey Marat (?), merchant, for three months. To land at his own
storehouse all goods brought from any his Majesty's dominions, and
the same to sell at reasonable rates ; provided, he keep no disorder
by drinking or other enormity on the Sabbath Day ; have no
dealing with any slave without licence; sell no liquors under the
quantity of three gallons, nor refuse to sell the same without
laying injunction to take other sort of commodities ; refuse not pay-
ment in any commodities of the growth of this island ; nor depart
hence without the Governor's licence 1 p. [Col Papers, Vol.
XXVI., No. 60.]
May 5. 523. Warrant to the Clerk of the Signet. To draw a bill for
Whitehall, making Jacob de Tones, of Jamaica, merchant, an alien born, a free
denizen of England. Mem. only. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II.,
Vol. 35A., p. 1.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
217
1671.
May 9. 524. Major James Bannister to Sec. Lord Arlington. Returns
Old Harbour, most humble and heart}' thanks for the multitude of his favours
Jamaica. an( ^ ki n( j nesseSi Heartily wishes the business his Majesty employed
him about had received its desired issue in the exportation of all
his Majesty's subjects from Surinam ; but it could not be effected,
as his Lordship will see from his Narrative sent to the Council for
Plantations, (see ante, No. 486). Has left the greatest part, and men
of the chiefest account who . are all very desirous to remove, but
could not clear themselves in the time limited. Earnestly begs his
Lordship's favour to his M'ajesty that some shipping may be sent
for them, otherwise they shall all be ruined and never capable to get
from that colony. Hopes the original hereof will safely arrive
with his Narrative, sent with Capt. Fierce Johns three weeks
before. Encloses I. [Petition to his Majesty from his subjects in
Surinam. (Gal. ante, No. 485. I.)] Together 3 pp. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVI., Nos. 61, 61. L]
May 1 2. 525. Lord Ashley to Sir H. Chicheley. The Lords Proprietors
Exeter House, of Carolina have fallen into the hands of two men of Virginia,
who have by no means used them well, but have so ordered
affairs that instead of being as they should be, in debt to the
Lords Proprietors, they have charged bills upon us here. He
Shaftesbury w iH receive a more particular account of the matter between the
Papers. L or( } s Proprietors and his neighbours, Richard Bennet and Thomas
Godwin by the bearer, Capt. Halstead, sent on purpose to procure
right to be done, for they cannot patiently bear the affront to have
bills drawn upon them which they must refuse as unreasonable.
Wishes those gentlemen had not made choice of them to impose
upon. However, doubts not the justice of his country will right
them, so they will not be forced to look elsewhere for redress.
His relationship to his brother makes him confident of his assistance
in this business in showing Capt. Halstead the over-value put on
their (Virginia) commodities and what those sent might reasonably
yield in his 'market. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48,
No. 55, pp. 89, 90.]
May 13. 526. Lord Ashley to Col. Wm. S:iyle. Has received information
Exeter House, from Barbadoes, just as the ship is ready to sail, that Mr. Woodward,
when up in ihe Emperor of Tatchequia's country, had discovered
it bordered upon the Spaniards, and that probably mines were
there. Apprehends this may tempt some of our people, covetous
Shaftesbury of present booty, to some attempt that way, which the Lords
Papers. Proprietors absolutely prohibit, and he is to take care that he
suffers not the people out of greediness to molest either the
Spaniards or any of their neighbour Indians in their quiet posses-
sions. And he is also required to avoid all searches too far that
way lest the Spaniards, discovering how near they border on them
should join forces and attempt to cut them off ; therefore that the
people go no further up the country than necessary to their planting.
It is the King's pleasure he looks well to this, and that they should
keep themselves within the rules of peace. Neither will the Lords
Proprietors allow their people to live by rapine and plunder, plant-
218 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
ing and trade is their design, and their directions shall follow to
get all the Spaniards' riches in that country with their consent.
Recommends him to bend the people's minds wholly to planting
and trade, which will answer his Majesty's and their own ends.
In Locke s hand. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48,
No. 55, p. 91.]
May 15. 527. Warrant from the King to [Sir Thos. Chicheley], Master of
the Ordnance. To deliver to Sir Chas. Wheeler, going Chief Governor
of the Leeward Islands, eight whole culverin, eight demi-culverin,
six three^pounders on standing carriages, with powder and ball
proportioriably, 1,000 muskets snaphances with powder and bullet,
two drawbridges ready fitted, and one tent ; contracting with the
said Sir Cbarles for the price of the said muskets to be paid by him
in two years, and also contracting for the transportation of the said
cannon, &c. 1 p. \_Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 62, see also Dom.
Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. XXXIV., p. 22, where the Warrant is
dated 21 February 1671.]
May 16. 528. Warrant to Robert Oseler to search for and take into
custody Charles Modyford, Esq., and seize his papers and writings.
Mem. only. [Dom, Entry Bk, Chas. II., Vol. 34, p. 89.]
May 16. 529. Similar warrant to deliver Charles Modyford to the Lieut,
of the Tower or his deputy. Mem. only. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas.
II., Vol. 34, p. 89.]
May 16. 530. Warrant to the Lieut, of the Tower or his deputy. To take
the body of Charles Modyford, Esq., and detain him in custody, yet
so as he may have the liberty of that place, for matters relating to
misdemeanours committed by his father Sir Thos. Modyford, late
Governor of Jamaica, till his Majesty's further pleasure. \ p. [Dom.
Entry Bk, Chas. II., Vol. 34, p. 89 r.]
May. 531. Sir Thos. Modyford to the Governor of Porto Rico.
Received last night by Don Francisco Calderon, his Excellency's
despatch of f~- April, with the articles of peace between the crowns
of Great Britain and Spain. Has not yet received any orders from
his master, but is in daily expectation, having received advertise-
ments from private hands touching same ; if they come time enough,
and he is not commanded any other day, will make publication of
the treaty on St. John's Day, as he desires, but if his orders are for
some other time, will not fail to make his Excellency acquainted.
Is glad to find the Governor of Antigua so early in his duty, and
could have wished that his Majesty's orders had arrived so soon
as that he might have by these assured him of the like publica-
tion here, it being that which they all desire and which shall be
most religiously observed, f p. [Col. Entry Bk, No. XXV II.,
130.]
May 16. 532. " Translate of a letter from Ignatio Desayas Bazan, the
Governor of S to Domingo in Hispaniola, to Sir Thomas Modyford."
Received on the llth inst. by a ship from Spain a packet whereby
his Majesty Chas. II. of Spain and the Queen Regent give him to
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
219
1671.
May 17.
May 19.
Jamaica.
May 19.
Jamaica.
May 23.
Whitehall.
understand that there is Peace between the crowns of Spain and
Great Britain, send him the Articles, and command him to endeavour
that said Peace be published in these kingdoms at one and the same
time. And in regard this is news of so great satisfaction, thought
not fit to delay any longer, and therefore makes him participant
thereof, to the end he may command said Peace to be proclaimed,
and recall the ships which they are informed are gone to do acts of
hostility on their coasts. On their part the Peace shall be observed
in every particular. Sends Capt. Don Francisco Calderon, whom
he may please to despatch away speedily and advise him of the
precise day the Peace shall be published in his jurisdiction, that
the same may be performed in theirs. His Honour ought to be
kind to him, for the affection he has to the English nation, for
being a colonel in Flanders, he had the happiness to serve under
the Duke of York and received much honour from him. 1 p.
[Col Entry Ek., No. XXVII., 131.]
533. Minutes of the Council of ^arbadoes. Present, the Deputy
Governor and three of the Council. Ordered that the fast be sus-
pended and the first Thursday in June next kept as a day of
thanksgiving throughout the island. Proclamation appointing said
day of thanksgiving to God for removing a grievous sickness and
pestilential distemper. All justices, &c. required to see the strict
observance of so solemn and Christian a duty, not exacting labour
from slaves that day, and all taverns, victualling houses, and
retailers of strong drink are strictly charged to entertain no one
during the time of Divine worship. 1^ pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No.
XL, 190-191.]
534. Sir James Modyford to (Sir Joseph Williamson). The
enclosed are copies of those formerly sent. Has given commission
to one Col. Blodre Morgan, a good old soldier, to go before him
(to Providence Island) as Deputy Governor, who may depart in
four or five days in a ship hired on purpose, and may have 300
men by the time he arrives at the island. Doubts not but through
Williamson's assistance he may be reimbursed the considerable
charges he is at, and this service rendered very acceptable to his
Majesty. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XX VI., No. 63.]
535. Copy of preceding. [Col. Papers, Vol. 26, No. 64.]
536. Commission to Lt.-Col. Win. Stapleton. Appointing him
Governor of Montserrat, to obey orders and commands from Sir
Chas. Wheler, Governor-in-Chief of the Leeward Islands. Signed
by the King and countersigned by Sec. Ld. Arlington. 1 skin
[Col Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 65.]
537. Rough draft of the preceding, with corrections by William-
son, to Lt.-Col. RoU. Stapleton. I skin. [Col. Papers Vol XXVI
No. 66.]
538. Fair copy of the preceding, with the name of Robt. Staple-
ton. 1 p. [Col Papers, Vol XXVI. t No. 67.]
220
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1071.
Copy of the above. \ p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XGII1.,
May 23.
Virginia.
M;>y 25.
Shaft esbury
Papers.
May 31.
539.
fo. 98.]
540. Governor Sir W. Berkeley to (Secretary Lord Arlington).
Since his last Scarborough is dead, but assures his Lordship he has
secured the estate of Scarborough for Faierfax (sic Farvacks), who
will now sooner have his debt than if Scarborough had been living.
Begs that the place of Surveyor-General of Virginia, formerly held
by Col. Scarborough, may be confirmed to his (the Governor's)
wife's brother, Culpeper. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI, No. 68.]
541. List of bills for the ship Blessing, as they were signed
25th May 1671, to be paid by Mr. Portman. These include 49?.
to a sail maker in St. Katherine's, 151?. to a baker at the Blue
Anchor, Limehouse, 146?. to a butcher in Little Eastcheap, 14?. to
a boatmaker in Ratcliffe, 52?. to a ropemaker in Shadwell, 31?. to
a brewer in Wapping, 22?. to a fishmonger at the Hermitage, 21?.
to a ship chandler in Tower Street. 45?. to a cooper in Shadwell,
10?. to an apothecary in Wapping, 113?. to a shipwright in Wapping,
and 5?. to Julius Fowles, pilot. Total amount, 887?. The Blessing
arrived at Carolina I4<th Angust 1671, see No. 612. 1 p.
[Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 74.]
542. " A true Account and Relation of this my last Expedition
against the Spaniards," almost identical with Admiral Sir Henry
Morgan's Relation, 20th April (see ante, No. 504). Annexed,
542. I. Minute of a Council held at St. Jago, that Admiral Henry
Morgan gave Governor Sir T. Modyford and Council a
relation of the voyage to Panama, who gave him many
thanks for the execution of his last commission and
approved very well of his acting therein. 1671, May 31.
542. 11. Deposition of John Peek before Sir Thos. Lynch, Governor
of Jamaica, that he was secretary to Admiral Henry
Morgan all the Panama voyage ; was present when the
two Spaniards were sworn: Sir Thos. Modyford had
knowledge of the design to attack Panama by a ship sent
on purpose, and in a letter 10 days after the arrival of
said ship he gave no countermand, so they marched for
the city ; the above is a true copy of the journal delivered
to the Council 31st May, for which they gave thanks and
ordered it should be recorded. 1672, April 3. Together
8 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 69.]
May 31. 543. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Ordered, that it shall
St. Jago de la be free for any master of a ship to take what ballast he shall want
at Chocoletta Hole on Port Royal ; which order is to be published
forthwith by the Governor of Port Royal. Relation by Admiral
Morgan of his voyage to Panama [see ante, No. 504]. The Board
gave him many thanks for executing his last commission and
approved well of his acting therein. On information that a verdict
of a jury had been obtained against Capt. Edward Collier and that
he was threatened further to be sued, for executing a warrant of the
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 221
1671.
Major- General at the going out of Admiral Henry Morgan's fleet, viz.,
giving notice that as the Admiral intended to sail very early in the
morning, all persons belonging to the fleet were immediately to
repair on board their respective ships under penalty of losing the
benefit of the General's protection, and that all persons keeping
victualling houses were strictly commanded to draw no more drink
to any person of the fleet, and that any taken offending therein by
the guards appointed one hour after publication to search their
houses, should be liable to imprisonment ; ordered, to encourage his
Majesty's officers courageously and cheerfully to execute like orders
for his Majesty's service, that Lt.-Col. Robt. Byndlosse, Chief Judge
of the Court of Port Royal, do not suffer any proceedings, nor grant
execution on any verdict of a jury, against the said Collier for
anything he was authorized to do by virtue of said warrant.
Ordinance for satisfying the owners of slaves wilfully murdered, for
the ease of the prison, and for putting such prisoners to work as are
in gaol for such offences. 3 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XXXIV.,
217-221.]
May. 544. Sir Thomas Modyford to the Governor of San Domingo of
Hispaniola. Received last night by Don Francisco Calderon his
Excellency's despatch of the -^- current, with the Articles of Peace
between the crowns of Great Britain and Spain, and his desire that
the same be published by them both on the same day. Has not
yet received any orders from his master, but is in hourly expecta-
tion thereof, and if they come soon enough, will cause the treaty to
be published on St. John's Day as the Governor of Porto Rico
desires. All his master's subjects under his command rejoice much
in this peace, and will contend with the Spaniards in all points of
civility and friendship ; and so forward was he towards it, that in
May 1069, he repealed all commissions against his Catholic Majesty's
vassals, until in June last Capt. Emmanuel Revera Pard[al] came on
the coast with three vessels, fired their houses, destroyed their
people, and sent in challenges to come and fight with him ; which
enforced them to this last Expedition, and the more so because
having taken said Revera, they found in his vessel three commissions
under the firms of the Governors of St. Jago of Cuba, Carthagena
and Panama, wherein was recited the Queen's Schedula of 20th
April 1669, empowering the Spaniards to make that war upon
them, which they are now willing to forget. The person of Don
Francisco Caldron was very acceptable, being both a soldier and
planter, which is the profession of all the gentlemen of this island ;
also they look on it as no small advantage, that his Excellency
understands their language, and has been under command of their
master's royal brother. Assures him they have no ships of war on
his coasts, all being commanded into port, which the major part
have obeyed. 1 pp. [GoL Entry Bk., N'o. XXVIL, pp. 132, 133.]
May. 545. Revocation of his Majesty's Privy Seal of 10th March last
for 2,7781. 10s. 8d. to Sir Charles Wheler for two companies in the
222 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Leeward Isles ; and warrant to the Exchequer out of the revenue
of 4 per cent, at Barbadoes to pay to said Sir Charles said sum of
2,7787. 10s. 8d. on account of pay of said companies, and also to pay
to Major Andros for use of Sir Tobias Bridge's regiment all such
sums as shall be due till they be disbanded, and such further sums
as shall amount to a moiety of the pay due to the officers. [Dom.
Oh as. II., Docquef]
May. 546. Twenty Acts and two petitions made at a General
Assembly begun and held at St. Maries, in the Province of Mary-
land, 27th day of March, in the 39th year of the Dominion of
Csecilius, &c., A.D. 1671. The titles are as follow :
(1 ) An Act for the advancement of foreign coins ; Petition of
Barnard Johnson, of Calvert County, Wm. Nengfinger, of St. Maries
County, John Gotee and Margaret, his wife, of Dorchester County,
and Stephen Besson, of same county ; (2) An Act touching coopers ;
(3) for stay of executions after April Court ; (4) for the reviving
of certain laws within this province ; (5 ) for the encouraging the
importation of negroes and slaves into this province ; (6) em-
powering the Commissioners of the county courts to levy and raise
tobacco towards the defraying the necessary charges of their
counties ; (7) against divulgers of false news ; (8) for the making void
and punishing of all fraudulent practices tending to the defrauding
of real purchasers and creditors ; (9) for quieting possessions; (10)
against hog stealers ; (11) for the providing a standard with English
weights and measures in the several and respective counties within
this province; (12) for the coroners' fees; (13) prohibiting the
importation of all horses, geldings, mares, or colts into this pro-
vince ; (14) an explanation of two clauses in an Act entitled An
Act for the clerk's fees and allowance for jurors in civil causes with
an addition of a fee to the seal of each respective county ; petition
of Alexander Shymossa, of Foster Island, County Talbot, and
Margaretta his wife and others; (15) An Act for the settling the
rates and prices in money of all wines, liquors and other commo-
dities sold by retail within this province ; (16) against runaways
and such persons that shall give them entertainment and others that
shall travel without passes ; (17) for the encouragement of the
sowing and making of hemp and flax ; (18) for the raising and pro-
viding a support for his Lordship, the Lord and Proprietor of
this Province during his natural life, and likewise supply towards
the defraying the public charges of government ; (19) for the pay-
ment of the public charge of this province ; and (20) An Act for the
enrolment of conveyances and securing the estates of purchasers.
Memorandum, That the laws before mentioned passed the Great
Seal the 27th of May 1671. Philip Calvert Cane. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LIII., pp. 178-223.]
May ?j 547. Account by the President of Panama of the Expedition
taken by a French man-of-war as it was going for Spain and sent
to the Governor of Jamaica, and there faithfully translated. 4 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 70.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 223
1671.
June 6. 548. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. Present, the
Deputy Governor and three of the Council. Ordered, that whereas
Thomas Bond, of the ship Noble Katherine, is employed to carry to
England his Majesty's regiment under Sir Tobias Bridge, his bond
not to carry off any person without ticket be null and void so far
only as shall concern the carrying off of any officer or soldier of
said regiment, but good and effectual as regards any other person.
& p. [Col. Entry BL, No. IX., 191, 192.]
June 7. 549. Sir Thos. Lynch to Sec. Lord Arlington. Wrote from
Barbadoes. Maderia, whence they sailed about 1st May, and arrived here but
on Wednesday last, Sir Ch. Wheeler and the Welcome sailing
heavily. Found 40 or 50 great ships in port to load home sugar,
and a small ketch of the King's, the Eaglet, that was to wait on
Lord Willoughby's plantation at Antigua, but since those islands
have been lopped from his government, she is ordered hither, to
what purpose of the King's nobody can tell. Wishes he had such
an one to wait on the Assistance, and possibly may send home the
Welcome, the King's revenue at Jamaica being so little. Hopes his
Lordship has heard of Major Banister's arrival (at Jamaica). Was
told yesterday that the Dutch Governor was gone sick from
Surinam, and on his way home, six weeks since, at Montserrat, said
Banister was gone from Surinam with the English, and that
the Colony was like to be deserted. Abundance here designing for
Jamaica, and some principal persons of the island : his coming and
staying has confirmed those that staggered on the noise of Sir Thos
Modyford's removal. A fine vessel goes with him with 150 or 200
passengers, and as many more, he is confident, will follow as will
settle the island without a man from England, provided the
Governor and form of government please them. They dread
nothing like the 4| per cent. ; has assured them he is instructed to
lay no imposition at all. Nobody here thinks of St. Kitts or the
Leeward Isles, but judges it oleum et opera perdere to endeavour
their settlement ; yesterday had an address from some principals of
Antigua about their coming to Jamaica. The day after their
arrival was a day of thanksgiving for the ceasing of a contagious
fever that had swept away divers persons of quality. The island
appears very flourishing, and the people numerous and live
splendidly : what they owe in London does not appear here, but
has caused the Deputy Governor and Assembly to make an Act
prohibiting the importation of all wines for three years, to retrench
the expense of the planter and pride of the Portuguese. By
this means, and the King's alienating the 4| per cent., the Govern-
ment and Governor have nothing but what the capricious Assembly
will give, which is little, unless they are mightily pleased, for by
the law they are to be chosen new every year. Col. Christopher
Codrington, my Lord's deputy, being of a debonaire, liberal humour,
a native, and a planter, they have been kind to, giving him, in the
two and a half years he has commanded 300,000 or 400,000 Ibs of
sugar ; and he has got them to raise 1,100,000 or 1,200,000 Ibs.
224 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1G71.
sugar for finishing the four forts, where he has mounted 92 guns :
when finished they will mightily secure and adorn the island.
They have a good militia of about 1,500 horse and 8,000 foot, well
armed and frequently exercised. Monday they got Sir Tobias
Bridge's six companies together, being 340, according to the muster
rolls, and they heard the King's letter and instructions with great
acclamations, all but six declaring they would go for England. Sir
Charles Wheeler is to provide transportation on his own ship, but
the Deputy Governor and Sir Tobias will not covenant to embark
above 200, thinking that, on second thoughts, many will change
their minds, if there be so many effective men. Thinks it is the 1 4th
of next month they are to embark. Intend to sail to-morrow, Sir
Charles in his own flyboat : will just see him land at Nevis that he
may enter into his government with all the grandeur possible, but
cannot stay to see what he does at St. Kitts, having two or three
merchants full of passengers, as well as the men-of-war ; besides,
the time for adjusting the Peace is relapsed, and they dreadfully
apprehend the hurricanes, and tell him should he stay there he
would draw away more than ever Sir Charles will bring there-
Observes Sir Charles's concern in the 4| per cent, has made him
little courted here but by the Deputy Governor, for besides that
tliey take it for a great grievance to pay it to any but the Island's
use, the methods and persons employed have made it more uneasy ;
for it is not possible to make the planters bring their goods to
particular bays, scales, or custom house, labour and cartage is so
exceeding dear, which is what they insist on; and there have
been divers quarrels and several people imprisoned about it. The
Deputy Governor countenances the officers so as not to fall into
any offence against the King, but not so much as to exasperate his
neighbours, by whose kindness only he subsists. Understands that
some have taken away their sugar after seizure and offer to come
to trial, and it is thought they will cast the officers by proving that
it were no lawful Assembly that laid it, or else because they collect
it not as the Act prescribes. Judges the Farmers will lose by it
unless they bring mighty defalcations on the King, and the trade
and planter will be exceedingly discouraged. Thinks that if this
Deputy Governor were dealt with he might induce the Assembly to
pay to the Exchequer 7,000. per annum, which they may levy with
infinitely more ease to the people and trade and advantage to the
King, nor would it be lessened, as this must in time, the quantities
of sugar growing less. Has written Lord Sandwich, but not thus
largely, supposing his Lordship would put this into his hands. The
Dover pleasure boat that came here about the customs, and which
the King has hired at 701. per mensem to wait on Sir Charles
Wheeler, went hence four months since with passengers to Jamaica,
and it is imagined here he will not come again for all the Governor's
endeavours to apprehend him, it being reported that he had killed
divers Indians, which they fear may make a war, which the
Leeward Islands cruelly apprehend. Endorsed, with a summary,
and "Ansd. Aug. 15, 71." 4 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI.,
No. 71.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
225
or Bridge
Town.
Barbadoes.
1671.
June 8. 550. Sir Chas. Wheler to (Sec. Lord Arlington ?). Wrote from
St. Michael's Madeira April 28 by way of Holland, but was so over careful of the
delivery of the packet that he thinks it has miscarried. Sailed
thence May 2nd, and arrived at Barbadoes the 31st, all in good
health. Has not been very well used in the manner of the men-of-
war's keeping company with the Noble Catherine, on which his
Majesty's stores were freighted. Thinks they will weigh hence this
day, the Assistance making signs so to do, but to this hour has had
nothing communicated to him. His Lordship was very pressing
with him to be ready to sail with Sir Thos. to the intent that two
men-of-war might countenance his demanding St. Christopher's ;
has kept company and waited Sir Thomas' times and been left at
sea, and will do so still in hopes of Sir Thos. going at last to St.
Christopher's, which Sir Chas. would not have done but that he
knows it will be for his Majesty's service ; has been a little mortified
in this affair. The King's instructions were read to six companies
of Sir Tobias Bridge's regiment, of 340 men, with great acclama-
tions of joy, and they unanimously chose to return for England ;
upon which he contracted with Thos. Bond, master of the Noble
Catherine, for transportation of 200, bringing Sir Tobias Bridge to
indent they should be ready to embark, because he suspected
there might be a design to keep the soldiers in the island. Sir
Tobias declared that under five or six weeks he could not possibly
state the arrears for defalcation, and in that time many of the
soldiers might change their minds, so the medium of 200 was pitched
upon as certain, and the rest to be taken care for on reasonable
notice given to Sir Charles's agent, without which no master of a
ship would stay expecting so long. Has observed the extreme
sufferings this regiment has lain under, and possibly 100 such men
are fitter to serve the King in arms in England than 500 tapsters
and tailors. Is tempted much to write of this island and its
'government as it now stands in the vacancy of Lord Wilioughby,
but that is another's province, yet duty binds him say that if the
King were pressed hard in Europe no man can give any rational
account that he can have any interest here. However, the Deputy
Governor is not an ordinary man, believes he is a worthy one, yet
he lies under great temptations, as all do who seek their profit from
those whom they are to govern. The bay, where there are 50
great and good ships at anchor almost all the year round, is well
enough fortified, and a Governor only concerned for monarchy could
secure it to his Majesty at so small a charge that it would be pity
the King should not do it, for the Assembly here will never give a
shilling to buy a snaffle for their own mouths as they ignorantly
suppose it. Should there be any revolution in Europe, this place
will not be defended long against but an indifferent force, that has
the knack of offering conditions, if he does not take very false
measures. Will give account by the first ship that shall part from
the Leeward Isles after his arrival. Endorsed with abstract. 7 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 72.]
551. The Committee of Gentlemen Planters in London to the
Assembly of Barbadoes. Send copy of their last by Capt. Collier.
June 10.
London.
U 51912.
226
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
June 12.
? mistake
for
Aug. 12.
Port Koyal.
June 15.
Nevis.
Are giad to find by their welcome letters of the 7th March and
4th April their kind acceptation of their advice for the good of that
once happy island, and kinder resentment of their poor labours,
which hath given a keener edge, if possible, to their passionate
desires and wills to cut through all manner of difficulties. Are not
a little pleased with their resolution to keep the fortifications in
good repair, the rumour whereof, together with a well disciplined
militia, may greatly check designs of foreign invasion or domestic
insurrection. Their last address still lies before his Majesty, to
which in time they doubt not to receive a gracious answer, being
well assured of Lord Willoughby's assistance. Pray them to rest
assured of their zeal to obey their commands and prevent all
mischiefs, with a just account of such public stock as they shall
remit. Received by the Assembly 22nd November 1671. 1 p-
[Col Entry Bk, No. XIII., 77-78.]
552. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Present, Sir Thomas
Lynch, Knt., Lt.-Governor, and four of the Council. Ordered that,
whereas there are divers soldiers, planters, privateers, and other late
inhabitants of this island now at Caimanos, Musphitos, Keys, and
other remote places who make scruple of returning, either fearing
his Majesty's displeasure for their past irregular actions or doubting
their being prosecuted by their creditors, the Governor sends forth
to declare his Majesty's pardon and promise freedom from all arrests
and debts to said soldiers, &c., for the term of one year, provided
they return within eight months after the date hereof and enter their
names in the Secretary's office, from which time their impunity shall
commence ; and that this be proclaimed and affixed on some con-
venient place at Port Royal. Ordered on consideration of the age,
service, and poverty of Capt. Vallet, Judge of Legonee, that he
henceforth receive a salary of 2,01. per annum. Petition of his
Majesty's collectors for impost, tonnage, &c., to Lieut. -Gov. Sir
Thos. Lynch, that whereas there appears in the Council Book an
order upon a petition of Thos. Scutt, merchant, which comprises
nothing within the prayer of the petition, petitioners desire that
the time of 28 days therein granted to merchants for making up
their accounts be reduced to 14, petitioners having not only received
great trouble themselves, but are sensible his Majesty's interest has
been much damnified thereby. N.B. Sir Thos. Lynch arrived at
Jamaica on 25 June 1671, and the last Council held on 28 June
1671 adjourned for eight- weeks, see No. 576. 2 pp. [Col. Entry
Ek. t No. XXXIV., 223-225.]
553. Sir Thos. Lynch, Lt.-Governor of Jamaica, to Sec. Lord
Arlington. Wrote from Barbadoes what occurred there. Stood in
with Dominica on their way to caress the chief Indian Governor,
Warner, that he might continue his friendship to the English, but
he was not on the coast, and they passed on to Montserrat, where
were seven or eight vessels. Governor Stapleton was gone to Nevis
to marry Lt.-Col. Russell's daughter. The masters told them most
of the produce of that island and Antigua was carried to Statia by
the Dutch, and that last year they fetched thence in sloops near
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 227
1671.
400,000 Ibs. tobacco. Montserrat better peopled than ever, having
300 or 400 that belong to St. Christopher's. Antigua has some,
but most intend thence for Jamaica, finding it impossible to settle
that island. Hears there are near 3,500 men in all these islands.
Arrived at Nevis on Sunday last, and next day Sir Charles
(Wheeler) and his lady were lodged at a house Governor Eussell
prepared for them. Tuesday the two companies were disbanded,
all resolving for England, so Sir Chas. must raise his two com-
panies here ; does not see that any will go to St. Christopher's
but from these islands, so the strengthening that island must be
the weakening of these. Has stayed here a day extraordinary to
hear answer from St. Christopher's. Yesterday Capt. Mathews
returned and is to-day gone again. The Governor gives good
words and promises rendition, but has no order from the King or
the Captain General at Martinico ; they expect every day seven
frigates from France. Intend to sail to-morrow, and think to
touch at San Domingo, because the time for publication of the
Peace is already elapsed. Has not been well this 10 days, " so
that if I had more to say I could not." Endorsed, " R d Aug. Ans d
Aug. 15.71." 2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 73.]
June 15. 554. Sir Tobias Bridge to Major Edmd. Andros at Lord
[Barbadoes.] Craven's house in Great Drury Lane. Sir Chas. Wheeler and Sir
Thos. Lynch are arrived here. Has received his Majesty's orders
for disbanding, which were communicated to the six companies at the
head of each company, and inviting such as were free to go with
Sir Chas. or Sir Thos., but there were not above 4 or 5, they
chosing rather to be shipped home. The clothes for each company
have been proportionably divided according to the latest muster,
Sir Chas. Wheeler taking those for the four companies at the Leeward
Has also sent copy of the King's letter and instructions to Lt.-Col.
Stapleton, for stating the accounts of those companies. Will
endeavour to the utmost to follow the orders and instructions con-
cerning accounts, and to be faithful to the King's interest as well
as just to the officers and soldiers. The 16th July is appointed for
shipping the men off, and if he comes not with them, purposes to
settle his businesses so as to follow in 14 days. Desires his care for
them, being sure that both officers and soldiers will be pennyless.
If he conies not with them, because he would receive from Lt.-Col.
Stapleton the accounts from the Leeward Isles, will commit the
care of them to Capt. Barrett and the other officers. Encloses the
bill of lading for one butt, mentioned in the former invoice, together
with the other for the 10 butts. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI.,
No. 74.]
1671 ? 555. Sir Tobias Bridge to (Capt. Talbott) concerning Lieut.
Crofte's behaviour. Talbott's Lieut, has so ill behaved himself to the
scandal of the King's service, by marrying another man's wife, who
was then in England and since returned, and by taking to her
employment of selling rum and such other pitiful things, that the
were forced to bring him to a court-martial, who dismissed him,
and purpose by the next muster to put another in his place, and
P 2
228
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
June 15.
London.
June 15.
London.
June 15.
London.
settle things so as shall be most for the King's service and Talbott's
satisfaction. Lieut. Fenwicke who went Lieut, to him out of
England and has since been Lieut, to Major Andros, has likewise
committed such misdemeanors, as he confessed to Capt. Langford,
that his commission has been taken from him. Endorsed, " Barbadoes
regiment, Lieu** Crofts L* to Cap* Talbott." 1 p. [Col Papers,
Vol. XXVI., No. 75.]
556. The Committee of Gentlemen Planters in London to the
Assembly of Barbadoes. Since writing the foregoing (see ante, No.
551) theirs of 20th April is come to hand ; but in regard to his
Majesty's absence and this ship's sudden departure, can only say
that at their meeting this day Capt. Gorges expressed his thankful-
ness for their good opinion, but seeing his hands were full, joined in
the unanimous desire that they would employ Lt.-Col. Thornburgh.
Join with him, knowing Gorges to be much more capable to serve
Barbadoes, united with them as formerly, than as the Assembly's
solicitor, and pray this may meet with no unkind construction.
Signed by Sir P." Colleton, Sir Paul Paynter, Phillip Bell, Henry
Drax, John Gregory, John Searle, John Bowden, Eclw. Pye, Tho.
Middleton, Tho. Wardall, Ferd. Gorges, and Jac. Lucie. Received
by the Assembly 22nd November 1671. 1 p. [Col Entry Bk.,
JTo. XIII., 78-79.]
557. Ferdinand Gorges to the Assembly of Barbadoes. Has
received theirs of 20th April with deep gratitude for the trust
reposed in him, on receipt of which and of their general letter to his
brother Planters, they procured a meeting, and calling to mind their
former requests in behalf of Col. Edw. Thornburgh, who has already
taken much pains in soliciting the Assembly's concerns and has
entitled himself to their kindness, and observing that their said
letters had not been received by the Assembly, they unanimously
reiterate their requests that Thornburgh may be their solicitor with
such salary as may be suitable ; he himself being more capable to
serve them co-united than in a single capacity. Received by the
Assembly 22nd November 1671. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XIII.,
79-80.]
558. Li-Col. Edw. Thornburgh to the Assembly of Barbadoes.
By command of the Gentlemen they have empowered here in their
concerns, remits copies of all their transactions since 14th February
last ; by which, and the Gentlemen's letter, they will perceive that
Capt. Gorges has very modestly resigned the authority sent to him
to be their solicitor ; and because the Gentlemen have been well
pleased with his own acting in their affairs, on which he has spent
near his whole time these five months, they have continued him
therein, and hopes the Assembly will afford their approbation.
Received by the Assembly 22nd November 1671. Encloses,
558. I. Minutes of Meetings of the Committee for the Public
Concern of Barbadoes. Present, Lord "Willoughby, Sir
P. Colleton, Col. Henry Drax, Ferd. Gorges, Thos. Wardall,
Edw. Pye, and Col. John Searle. Feb. 28. Abstracted,
see o,nte, No. 414. vj.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 229
1671.
March 23. Ordered, that since they can have no relief in the impo-
sition laid on sugars in the House of Commons, Sir Peter
Colleton, Col. Henry Drax, and Capt. Ferd. Gorges attend
the Parliament at Westminster and consult with Lord
Willoughby of a convenient time to petition the House
of Lords against this tax ; and that the rest of the com-
mittee appear upon notice given by Thornburgh. That
Edw. Thornburgh give his constant attendance.
April 27. Ordered, that a letter be prepared to send to the
Assembly of Barbadoes by Capt. Thos. Collier that Edw.
Thornburgh get all the papers of the planters, merchants
and refiners put forth relating to the imposition laid upon
sugar by the House of Commons, to be registered at one
end of the Copy Book of Letters belonging to the com-
mittee. That J. Lucie pay Edw. Thornburgh 20 guineas
and 101. ; that Edw. Thornburgh pay Capt. John Cressett
20 guineas for soliciting the business of withstanding this
tax in the two Houses of Parliament, and also 71. Us. 3c?.
disbursed for fees. That this committee meet at the
Cardinal Cap Tavern in Cornhill on Monday next to
peruse and firm the letters to be sent by Capt. Collier.
May 1. The letter ordered to be prepared, read, approved, and
firmed ; and Edw. Thornburgh ordered to copy it into the
Book of Letters, and also to hire a trusty messenger to go
down the next tide and deliver their letters to Capt.
Collier at Gravesend.
June 8. Ordered, that an answer to the letters lately received
from the Assembly of Barbadoes be prepared to be sent by
Capt. James Gilbert ; that Sir Peter Colleton and six
others named, or any three of them, wait on Lord
Willoughby, to entreat his assistance in prosecuting the
addresses sent from Barbadoes, and that the rest of the
committee attend on notice given by Edw. Thorn-
burgh, who is to give constant attendance ; that Edw.
Thornburgh send fair copies of all orders of the committee
since the 17th February last to the Assembly, with their
letter by Capt. Jas. Gilbert ; and that J. Lucie pay Edwd.
Thornburgh 2QL, for which he is to account.
June 15. A letter drawn, signed by all present, to send to the
Assembly of Barbadoes, and Edw. Thornburgh ordered
to copy it into the Book of Letters, and send it to Barba-
does by Capt. Gilbert, with copies of their former by
Capt. Collier and of this day's orders. An authority from
the Assembly of Barbadoes to act as their solicitor, pro-
duced by Capt. Ferdinando Gorges, and resigned for
pregnant reasons. Ordered that Edward Thornburgh con-
tinue to give his constant attendance as formerly upon
this committee. Together 5J pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No.
XIIL, 81-86.]
230 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
June 16. 559. Warrant to the Clerk of the Signet. To prepare a Bill to
Windsor, pass the Great Seal for making Baudouin Clasen, of Jamaica,
merchant, an alien born, a free denizen of England ; with a clause
that he should have no benefit thereof until he has taken the oaths
of allegiance and supremacy before the Governor or Deputy
Governor of the island. % p. [Dom. Entry BL, Chas. II., Vol.
XXXVI., p. 13.]
June 16. 560. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. Ordered, that Col.
Symon Lambert and others be desired to agree with Col. Richard
Bayley, or any other, for the finishing of the small fort at Speights
Bay, the charge to be paid by the treasurer out of the last levy for
fortifications and other public charges. \ p. [Col. Entry Bk., No.
XL, 192.]
June 16. 561. Don Francisco Zauches Calderon to Sir Thomas Modyford.
Port Munday. Received his Excellency's letter with great satisfaction and will
very willingly preserve it. Begs that the bark may without fail
go out of port on Wednesday next, because it is necessary for
him to arrive at San Domingo with all expedition. And his Excel-
lency may please to write to the Lord President the cause of his
stay, and that, the ship in which he came being small and not very
sound, he freighted " a Billander for the carrying of the infantry,
in which your Excellency did me a great favour ... As to the
brigantine which came to the northern coast of this island, and
carried a man away, I am as much troubled for it as if it were my
own affair." Left at San Domingo the packet of the Queen for
the Governor of the, Havanna and Cuba, and so it never came to
his hands. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XXVII., p. 133.]
June 16. 562. The Assembly of Barbadoes to the Gentlemen Planters in
Barbadoes. London. Have theirs of 17th Feb., and return hearty thanks for
their careful diligence, and advancing money in their concerns, and
conceive that they have hit the right path in forming themselves
into a committee. Have also received from Colonel Edward Thorn-
burgh copy of their proceedings up to 28th February, and if their
former letter had intimated a desire for his establishment, .would
have saved them the trouble of voting another in his place, but
the same having passed in favour of Captain Ferdinando Gorges,
a person by all esteemed, and his salary of 100. for one year
allowed him, cannot make an alteration without his consent.
Their former petitions having been rejected for want of the style
the court expects, rather than any unreasonableness of the matter
desired, are content that the Gentlemen Planters give them that
dress which may make them most acceptable, provided they still
keep to the heads of the address sent. Have shipped them 90
butts of sugar, viz., 30 aboard the Unity, Captain Marmaduke
Woolter, and 30 aboard Captain Coleman, which are already on
their voyage, and 30 aboard Captain Pidgeon, who may sail in
three or four days ; and out of the produce each subscriber is to
be repaid, and the rest to lie in the their treasurer's hands till
further order, or urgent necessity to use it in the island's cause.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
231
1671.
June 16.
Barbadoes.
June 17.
Lower
irginia.
Have raised a very considerable levy as formerly advised to put
themselves in a posture of defence. By the enclosed Act to prevent
depopulation, they may understand that special care is taken to
encourage mean freeholders, and deter covetous rich men from
laying land to land without keeping up the cottages and families,
as also by another Act for encouraging the manufacture of cotton.
Deem themselves a most happy people in the continuance of his
Majesty's favour in the enjoyment of their laws and privileges.
Are glad to hear they intend to prosecute the obtaining a free
trade with Scotland especially for men servants, which in time
may prove a great means of strengthening his Majesty's dominions
in these parts. Request them to use all possible interest with
Lord Lauderdale for accomplishing the same. Enclose copy of
another Act that all may see what encouragement is given for
bringing Christian servants. Are informed through particular
friends that the Bill including an imposition on their sugars is
laid aside on the prorogation of Parliament, and they hope that
part will never be re-assumed. A letter from a particular friend
to the Governor intimated a packet to be sent from them by
Captain Collier, but cannot find that any such thing was given
to his care. Give them all hearty thanks for their care, and
especially for their successful endeavours in putting a stop to that
insupportable imposition on their sugars. Signed by Simon Lam-
bert, Speaker of the Assembly. 2| pp. \_Col. Entry Bk., No. XIII.,
41-43.]
563. The Assembly of Barbadoes to Lord Willoughby (in
London). Acknowledge with gratitude his Lordship's care in
endeavouring against the laying on of the imposition on their
sugars, especially by appearing at the Commons Bar to assert the
truth of their allegations delivered by Sir Peter Colleton, though
his endeavours produced not the effect aimed at, yet his Lordship's
zeal is as cordially received as if it had brought it to the desired
issue. By the arrival of Captain Collier find themselves bound in a
further obligation to his Lordship for asserting their interest before
the House of Lords so that they have been retrieved one whole
year from that insupportable burden, by which they are obliged
beyond their present abilities of requital, the public treasury being
exhausted and several debts unsatisfied. Yet desiring to comply
with their vote in October last of 100,000 Ibs. sugar to his Lordship
have been enforced to borrow so much out of their last levy,
principally intended for fortifications, and have taken care that
Lieutenant-Colonel Wm. Bate make speedy payment. Signed by
Symon Lambert, Speaker. !$. pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XIII.,
44-45.]
564. Wm. Sherwood to Joseph Williamson, Secretary to Lord
Arlington, Principal Secretary of State. The past three years of
*" 8 time he must attribute to his (Williamson's) worthy donation.
Acknowledges the great debt he owes him, and cannot without
shame look upon the foul act which was the cause of his being
in that country, yet he can say without ostentation that he has
232 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
found good out of evil. Sends this by Captain Culpeper, a gentle-
man of this country, that he may not be blackened with ingrati-
tude. Endorsed by Williamson, " Rec d 13 Sept. 1671, one of
those that robbed me whom I saved." 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVI,, No. 76.]
June 20. 565. Governor Sir Wm. Berkeley to (the Committee for Trade
Virginia, and Plantations). Sends answers to inquiries dated 29th September
1670, but not received till January llth by his brother Culpeper,
who is able to inform of other particulars not yet mentioned,
especially of their great hopes of silk of which he now sends a
pattern as they now make it, and when the rest is wound, for
it is newly made, will present his Majesty with 60 or 70 pounds
made in the Governor's own house this year. If they had skilful
men from Sicily or Naples or Marseilles they might make and send
for England 500 bales yearly. 2 pp. Encloses,
565. I. Answers to the inquiries of the Lords Commissioners
for Foreign Plantations to the Governor of Virginia: in
reference to the Government and condition of the colony.
These consist of 23 queries and answers, signed by William
Berkeley. Virginia, 1671, June 20. (6 pp.)
565. n. " The draft of York River in Virginia." A pen and ink
drawing 3 ft. long, scale % of an inch to a mile. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVI., Nos. 77, 77 i., IL]
21 June. 566. Minutes of the Council for Foreign Plantations. Commis-
sion and instructions of the New England Commissioners to hear
appeals read and copies ordered to be made for the use of the
Council. Col. Cartwright, one of the Commissioners, informed the
Council that he had sent a map of New England and a book of three
pages fol., containing narratives of their proceedings and observa-
tions, to the King at Oxford in 1665, which, he believed, was
delivered to one of the Secretaries of State. At the request
of the Lord Chancellor, Col. Cartwright had drawn up in
writing a recollection of his thoughts. Another copy was given to
Lord Arlington. Informed the Council that the ministers in New
England, having no settled salary, would, he believed be contented
that the government itself might be changed. As to the country,
he affirmed that it was healthful, fruitful, and provisions plentiful,
had store of good horses, and doubtless lead and copper mines,
number of people fit to bear arms may probably double in 10
years. In 1652 they began to coin money with a palm branch on
one side and Salem (their greatest town save Boston) on the other ;
they still continue to coin money, but put the date of 1652 on it, so
as not to seem to (trespass on) the King's prerogative. They make
frequent musters. Total forces by land 50,400. (New York, &c.
1,500, Connecticut 14,000, Providence, &c. 1,000, Plymouth 1,000,
Massachusetts 30,000, New Hampshire 1,800, Mayne 1,000, Ken-
nebec 100). As to shipping he conceived there might be about 200
sail belonging to New England, 8 or 10 ships of 200 tons burden
each. 2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No, 78.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
233
1671.
June 21.
Nevis.
June 22.
Barlxidoes.
567. Sir Chas. Wheeler, Governor of the Leeward Islands, to
(Sec. Lord Arlington?). Arrived on Whitsunday [11 June], and two
or or three days after Sir Thos. Lynch or Capt. Hubbard seized a
ship in this road, and without more ado concluded she was prize and
made her sail with them on Friday ; but the prize spent one of her
masts, and while that was mending Sir Chas, sent the enclosed to
Capt. Hubbard, who returned the answer herewith sent, and so left
the ship to be judged here. Supposes he has power to erect
a Court of Admiralty, having power to erect " all sorts of courts " ;
but, though appointed vice-admiral, is bound by " such instructions
as he shall receive from H.R.H.", which he conceives is only at sea ;
however, that he may walk the surest path, intends to try the ship
in a Court of Record, and report to his Majesty. Endorsed, " R. Aug.
30." Encloses,
567. I. Sir Chas. Wheeler to Capt. Hubbard, of H.M.S. Assistance
in Nevis Road. Whereas several merchants of this island
have complained that he intends to seize and carry away
the ship James of Belfast to Jamaica, on pretence that she
is lawful prize ; but as there is a Court of Record here
where Sir Chas. is Governor, he has erected a Court of
Admiralty here. If said ship be condemned, the Act
plainly says one-third of the penalty will be to the
Governor of the place where the seizure be made. Promises
a fair trial here or in Montserrat, but he has not complied
in any reasonable answer. Will represent to his Majesty
the grievance to his subjects in Hubbard making himself a
judge, whereas he is only a seizer. Earnestly presses him
not to do anything by force, but to proceed legally.
567. II. Capt. John Hubbard to Sir Chas. Wheeler. Has not time
to consider his, being under sail with the prize. When he
first spoke of it Sir Chas. said there was no Admiralty here,
and would have him carry her to Montserrat, and that he
was not concerned, it being seized before publication of his
commission. Would gladly have had her tried here had
there been a court, and he had time ; but Sir Thos. Lynch
commands him immediately to be gone, and he believes
the Act will justify him in trying her in any Court of
Record convenient for his voyage. Believes Sir Chas.
mistakes the Act as to the other clause, for the King's
Commanders have more latitude than ordinary informers,
and if he tries her here there is nothing due to the
Governor, but one moiety to the Admiral or Commander
and the other to the King, which may be as well answered
to his Majesty in one Government as another. P.S. The
above is his own clear sense, but in obedience to Sir Thos.
Lynch's commands intends to leave her behind, not ques-
tioning but to receive right from his justice. Together,
3 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., Nos. 79, 79 i., n.]
568. Sir Tobias Bridge to Sec. Lord Arlington. Has received his
Majesty's most gracious and kind letter ; and his instructions for dis-
banding the regiment under his command have been communicated
231
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671,
June 22.
Barbadoes.
June 22.
Whitehall.
June 23.
Virginia.
June 26.
Virginia.
by Sir Chas. Wheeler to the Deputy Governor, himself, and the
regiment. Sir Chas. Wheeler and Sir Thos. Lynch set sail for
the Leeward Isles after five days' stay, so that the stating of the
accounts lies upon the Deputy Governor and himself, who have
contracted with Sir Chas. that the soldiers choosing to return for
England shall be ready to embark on the Constant [? Noble] Katherine
or some other good ship on 16th of next month, when doubts not all
their accounts will be stated. Has sent orders to Lt.-Col. Stapleton
to cause his Majesty's instructions to be put in execution jointly
with Sir Chas. Will commit the care of those transported to Capts.
Barrett and Painter and other officers to keep them in order, and
await his Lordship's commands for disposing of their arms ; and has
written to Major Andros meantime to receive his Lordship's com-
mands herein. Will accompany his poor comrades to England if
possible, or at furthest follow by the next opportunity. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 80.]
569. Sir Tobias Bridge to Major Edmund Andros, at Lord
Craven's house in Great Drury Lane. Though he so lately wrote,
sends these few lines by Lt. Morgan. They are very busy stating
the accounts according to instructions, which is very troublesome,
and fears will be injurious to several who were listed in this island
at their first coming over, and went to the Leeward Isles and were
taken prisoners at St. Kitts, and so continue ; but the instructions
are positive. Hopes he will make diligent inquiry for the arrival
of the ship Noble Katherine, in which it is intended to ship at least
200 of the old men, that care may be taken for their reception.
She went with Sir Chas. Wheeler to Nevis, but expects her return
daily, and 16th July the soldiers are to be shipped. Intends to
send Capts. Barrett and Paynter and other officers to see good order
kept and the arms delivered to the Tower or disposed of as he shall
procure orders to direct. Eespects to Capts. Cotter and Talbot
and other friends. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 74.]
570. Warrant to the Clerk of the Signet. To prepare a Bill to
pass the Great Seal for making Abraham Espinosa, of Jamaica,
merchant, an alien born, a free denizen of England ; with a clause
that he shall have no benefit thereof until he has taken the oaths
of allegiance and supremacy before the Governor or Deputy Governor
of the island. p. \Dorn. Entry EL, Chas. IL, Vol. XXXVI., p. 1 5.]
571. Governor Sir William Berkeley to (Secretary Lord Arling-
ton). Scarborough's estate so secured that on his life Fairfax
[Farvacks] shall not lose one penny of his debt. Again petitions him
to procure his Majesty's grant of the Surveyor-General's place for
his brother Culpeper [see No. 644] ; his father lost all his estate,
life, and liberty in the King's service. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXVI., No. 82.]
572. Thomas Ludwell, Secretary to (Secretary Lord Arlington).
Since his last here is come the new patent for the land between
Rappahannock and Patowmeck Rivers, which formerly demurred
to by the Government and Council, is now readily submitted to
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 235
1C71.
and the limitations thankfully acknowledged, but being not two
years old and granting land taken up nine years before breeds
infinite discontents and may produce sad effects. Has never
observed anything so much move the people's grief or passion,
or which doth more put a stop to their industry, than their
uncertainty whether they should make a country for the King or
other Proprietors. The patentees' agents begin already to slight
the Government further than their patent warrants, and he believes
their design is to get themselves freed wholly from this Govern-
ment, which would ruin the country and render it incapable to
defend itself. This grant includes at least a third of all left to
poor Virginia by the other Proprietors of acres. Begs a stop may
be put to their further pretensions till the next Assembly represent
the ruin that is like to fall upon them, and that he will conceal
this relation from the fury of Mr. Justice Morton. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 83.]
June 28. 573. Chas. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington. Sends letter and
Tower of paper just received from his father, and likewise, in obedience to his
on> Lordship's commands, the account of his father's estate, begging his
Lordship to consider his own condition. Encloses,
573. I. An account of the profits accrued to Sir Thomas Modyford
by being Governor of Jamaica. The country gave him
1,000?. per annum out of an imposition on liquors, which
for the five years made not above 600?. per annum. The
privateers gave him 20?. for every commission, which in
all may amount to about 400?., and all their presents and
his gains by them directly or indiretly never exceeded
500?. His plantations were produced by his stock carried
from Barbadoes and effects sent to him from England, and
are valued at three or four years' purchase. As for his
estate in the writer's hands, he is debtor ; what he depended
on in England was the establishment money due from his
Majesty, which is now 6,250?. ; his Majesty's 15th of
prizes brought in by privateers, amounting to 600?. or
700?., were expended on fortifications, besides which he
disbursed out of his own money on fortifications 2,500?.,
for which his Majesty is debtor, with interest at 15 per
cent, for two years, according to the custom of the country,
750?. ; he paid also by order of his Majesty and Council,
1,100?., interest for which at 6 per cent, amounts to 132?. ;
all which sums amount to 10,732?., which is all Sir Thos'.
estate that he knows of in Europe. Together, H pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., Nos. 84, 84. L]
June 28. 574. Copy of the preceding. Signed in the margin by H.
Slingesby. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XXVIL, 134.]
June. 575. Petition of John Fairvack, of London, merchant, to the
King and Privy Council. Recapitulates what has been done in
reference to the debt of 840?. sterling due from Edmund Scar-
borough to petitioner's father, now deceased, and Governor Berkeley's
236 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671,
suspension of the execution of the judgment given in petitioner's
favour. Prays that the Governor may be ordered to take off said
suspension that justice may not be delayed. Endorsed, "Rec d
2 June '71. Read in Council 7 July 71. To be heard when his
Royal Highness is present. To be heard 15 Sept." 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 85.]
June 28. 576. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Present, Sir Thos.
St. Jago Lynch, Knt., Lieut.-Governor Sir Jas. Modyford, Major-General
de la Vega. B anisterj Thos. Modyford, Thos. Freeman, Thos. Ballard, Wm. Ivey,
Anthony Collier, John Coape, Robt. Byndlosse, Thos. Fuller, Hender
Molesworth, Robfc. Freeman, Chas. Whitfield, and John White, all
of whom were this day sworn of the Council. Ordered, on a motion
made by several Judges for payment of their salaries, that inspec-
tion be made into the accounts of the revenue, and if there be any
money in the Treasury that they be paid according to the Act in
that case provided. Ordered, that Proclamation be forthwith made
that all proceedings at law issued in the name of Sir Thomas
Modyford continue in force till the next Supreme Court, and that
all Justices of the Peace act by virtue of their commissions from Sir
Thos. Modyford until new commissions shall be issued. Ordered,
that St. Elizabeth and Clarendon parishes be united, and all
proceedings both of Courts of Judicature and Sessions of the Peace
be held for both parishes at the Court in Clarendon parish.
Adjourned for eight weeks. 2 pp. [Col. Entry Bh, No. XXXIV.,
221-222.]
June ? 577. " Considerations humbly offered by Sir Thomas Modyford,
setting forth how his Majesty's interest may be strengthened in the
West Indies by coming into a nearer friendship with the Buccaniers
of Hispaniola, which may grow in time to that greatness that they
will put themselves under his Majesty's Government." In priuiis,
the Buccaniers of Hispaniola, being most French, and the rest
Dutch, Walloons and ^English, are in revolt against the French
Government, and have offered all they have to Sir Thos. Mody-
ford's protection. It will be no difficult matter by infusing fears
and jealousies into their leaders to keep them in revolt. They
have already applied to the Dutch, who have supplied them
with arms and ammunition and carried away their tobacco, but sup-
poses they intend no further than matter of trade ; however, it were
better the Dutch have them than the French. The Spaniards fear
them much, and Don Francisco Calderon, Envoy from St. Domingo,
told him they wished an accommodation made, viz., that the
Buccaniers should quietly keep their bounds, and the Spaniards
theirs ; and the President " had commanded the rounds upon pain
of death not to kill a buckaneer." Is persuaded the Buccaniers
will apply to him for making those articles of accommodation, and
it is possible the Spaniards will do the like, for " they acknowledge
our King to be the best friend the Spaniard hath in Europe," and
is so strong that he may compel the Buccaniers to reason ; and
being armed with this power doubts not to fix it so, that the
English shall have the greatest interest in that island. Is so near
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 237
1671.
and the privateers of this port have so much influence with the
Buccaniers, that he may make use of time and occasion ; and success
must be thereunto referred, and to the powers he may be entrusted
with. Signed by H. Slingesby in the margin. [Col. Entry Bk.,
No. XXVII., 135.]
June ? 578. " Considerations from Sir Thomas Modyford which moved
him to give his consent for fitting the privateers of Jamaica
against the Spaniard/' 1. The peaceable state they were under,
having in May 1669 called in all commissions, and never intending
to give more, till in July 1670 they were enforced by the Queen of
Spain's Scsedula of 20th April 1669, commanding war against them,
which arrived in June 1670. 2. The execution of this war by the
violences of Rivera Pardal, who, after burning their houses, took two
vessels, and would have taken all vessels from England. 3. The
constant advices of more vessels preparing to come to him, " every
little success setting that easily heightened nation a tiptoes." 4.
His Majesty's instructions empowering the Governor on extra-
ordinary cases by the Council's advice to use extraordinary remedies.
5. The unanimous consent of the Council and their fear of the ruin
of the country. 6. The complaints of the merchants, fishermen, and
sailors, fears of the planters, cries of the women and children, and
the danger of the Governor's person and reputation should he have
denied to take arms on so general an importunity. 7. The certain
increase of the enemy's courage and pride, " if it were possible," and
the debasing of ours, " which is the next to beating." 8. The fatal
consequences of the foregoing evils. 9. Lord Arlington's letter of
11 June 1670, which arrived in August, commanding him to keep
the privateers in the posture that letter should find them in. 10
The commission to Morgan being solely to revenge these affronts
and prevent more. 11. The commission to private captains being
only to execute Morgan's orders, whereby it is evident nothing was
in design but his Majesty's service. 12. And whereas it may be
objected that the fleet might have been called in after the coast
had been secured, and so the mischief at Panama prevented ; it
must be considered that, the privateers finding ships, arms, ammuni-
tion, and provisions on their own charge, would not have obeyed
such orders, expecting " as the late Lord General, that great master
of war, adviseth, the soldier to look on the enemy as the surest
pay." 13. If Sir Thos. Modyford should be censured for granting
this commission, then this fatal doctrine must necessarily follow,
that let French, Dutch or Spaniard make war on Jamaica, the
Governor must not take up any offensive arms, till he has advised
his Majesty and received his Majesty's orders to proceed therein ;
which advice, if it escape the enemy and all sea hazards, cannot
arrive under three months, attendance for orders will take two or
three months or more if the enemy's ambassador be there to put in
delays, and the answer may arrive in three months ; which makes
nine months during which the pressure of the enemy must be
endured. How destructive this doctrine will prove is easily imagin-
able if the advice or orders be delayed or miscarry ; " and therefore
238 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
my humble request to your Lordships is to advise his Majesty to be
sure of a prudent and loyal person for the Government, and then
trust him with that commission which the wise Romans gave their
generals, videat ne Insula nostra Jamaica aliquid detrimenti accipiat
the Romans giving such large powers even inltaly, at their own
doors, so well did they understand that rule of trusting him that
was on the place, who clearly sees what cannot be imagined by
much wiser men at so great a distance." 14. They had reason to
believe that this in time might so humble the Spaniards that they
would be willing to embrace a free trade. " And to conclude, the
necessity of affairs was such, that if it were to be done again and I
assured of all the trouble which now threatens me and worse, it
could not have been avoided without the manifest ruin of this
island." 2 pp. [Col. Entry Bk, No. XXVII., 136, 137.]
June ? 579. Petition of John Horsham, George Lapthorne, John Munion,
Richard Cowes, and John Warren, merchants of Plymouth, to the
King. In February 1671 petitioners sent over to Jamaica John
Head and John Molum as their factors, who being deficient in
making returns, petitioners pray his Majesty's letter to Lt.-Gov.
Sir Thos. Lynch to countenance Samuel Girard, whom petitioners
are now sending over, to require Head and Molum to render him
all petitioner's goods, together with books, accounts, and particulars
of debts. Annexed,
579. I. The King to Lt.-Gov. Sir Thos. Lynch. Draft of the
letter requested in above petition. Endorsed by William-
son, " Merchants to Jamaica," Together, 2 pp. [Col. Papers
Vol. XXVI., Nos. 86, 86. 1.]
July 2. 580. Sir Thos. Lynch to Sec. Lord Arlington. Has kept his
Jamaica, bed four out of the seven days he has been here, and now writes
this on it. Was very sick all the way from Barbadoes, and such
a fit of the gout has taken him as he never had before. But no
time has been lost, for he must have a house and know how to
get victuals, give commissions to officers, and appear at the head
of the several regiments before he can embark him [Sir Thos.
Modyford]. Feared nobody but this regiment, which made him
divide it into two. Does not see but on a dispute he would have
more adherents than Modyford, for people love novelty, are displeased
about privateering, and the quantity of land given out. The truth
is, " there is not in him or any the least appearance of any dis-
position to resist the King's authority," however, shall not till
well established put him on board, nor is there any ship fitted or
a farthing in the treasury to fit one, so thinks of putting him on
board a good merchant's frigate that will sail about six weeks
hence; or else to send the Welcome, which will save the King a
great deal of money ; she is an old vessel, and if taken in any
distress of weather would be lost and all her men, but the Assist-
ance with a catch would be sufficient to awe the privateers and
reduce the refractory. This voyage has mightily lessened and
humbled them, and they would take it for a great compliment to
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 239
1671.
be severe with Morgan, whom they rail on horribly for starving,
cheating, and deserting them. Resolves on sending one of the
frigates to Carthagena, but despairs of any kind reception, this last
fatal design has so exasperated them. Must likewise send to St.
Jago de Cuba, for last month a Spanish brigantine carried off
one Buffet from the north side of the island. Prays for his Lord-
ship's directions and countenance at home, but above all things
" for God's sake to give your commands about the Logwood," for
though it is so mightily profitable, he shall prohibit it if the
Spaniards complain. Sends to Sir Chas. Lyttleton some cocoa and
vanillas, which he got with great difficulty for the King, and some
chocolate for his Lordship. The blasting of the cocoa trees strangely
defeats their hopes, and the dry season is likewise a great dishearten-
ing. " Daniel is well, but not that good boy we took him for." His
wife is better. Endorsed, R. 21 Sept. . . . Ans d Nov r 14 th . 3 pp.
[Col Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 1.]
July 3-4. 581. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes, July 3. Present, the
Deputy Governor and four of the Council. Ordered that the Com-
missioners for Fortifications for Oistins Bay agree for lime, stones,
boards, tar, carpenters, masons, and labourers, with an overseer, for
which the Treasurer is to pay according to order.
July 4. The agreement made by Lt.-Col. Christopher Lyne with
Simon Cooper, mason, for squaring and laying stones on the forts
at Oistin's Bay approved, and the Commissioners ordered to see it
performed, and to charge for payment on the Treasurer, according
to the Act for the levy, of 31st March last. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk.,
No. XL, 192, 193.]
July 4. 582. The Assembly of Barbadoes to the Gentlemen Planters in
London. Enclose duplicates of their letters of ICth June sent by
Capt. Banten to his Excellency and themselves. This day being
the last of their sitting as an Assembly, their packet sent by Capt.
Collier came too late for them to return any answer, but have
recommended it to the care of the next Assembly. Enclose an
order drawn on the Gentlemen Planters for payment of 171. to John
Champante. Signed by Simon Lambert, Speaker. p. [Col.
Entry Bk, No. XIII., 45.]
July ^-. 583. Act of the surrender of St. Christopher's by the French to
the English. This -j^-th July 1671, before the undersigned, on
demand of Sir Chas. Wheler, Capt.-General of the English islands,
on behalf of the King of England, M. de Baas, Lt.-General for the
King of France in America, makes restitution by order of his master
to Sir Chas. Wheler, in the name of the King of England, of that
part of St. Christopher's which belonged to the King of England in
the year 1665, in accordance with the Treaty of Breda ; with which
restitution Sir Charles is content, and has taken real and actual
possession. And for deciding differences between the subjects of
said Kings on this subject, Major-Gen. Wm. Stapleton, Col. Randal
Russell, and Lt.-Col. Michael Smith arc named Commissioners on
the part of Sir Charles, and M. de St. Laurent, M. de Ruan Pallu,
240 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
and M. du Mouche on the part of M. De Baas, with power to deter-
mine said differences. Signed by Sir Charles Wheler, W. Stapleton,
Ran. Russell, Michael Smith, Francis Morton, Abed Mathew, De Baas,
Pellissier, Le Chevalier St. Laurent, Du Boise, De Ruan Pallu, and
Frere Philippe de Nogel. Copy. " Examined and collated with the
original this T 8 F July 1671, and signed %'Charles "Wheler, W. Staple-
ton." French. Endorsed by Williamson, " Act of the restitution of St.
Christopher's to the English." 3 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII.,
No. 2.]
July _5^ 584. Two copies of the preceding, one endorsed by Williamson,
" The Act of the Surrender of St. Christopher's to the English/' the
other endorsed, " The Act of Rendition of the English part of St.
Christopher's." French. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., Nos. 3, 4.]
July .jSg.. 585. Two copies of the above, examined with the original T 8 F
July 1671, and signed Charles Wheler and W. Stapleton. French.
[Col, Entry Bks,. Vols. XCIL, 466-470, XCIIL, 50.]
July 6. 586. Sir Charles Wheler, Governor of the Leeward Islands,
Nevis. to (Sec. Lord Arlington). Assures his Majesty that he is in full
and quiet possession of that part of St. Christoper's which his
subjects possessed in 1665. At the beginning of his treating
complained of the discourtesy of the men-of-war Assistance and
Welcome. Has since received a letter from M. De Baas that he
would sail for St. Christopher's on the 26th, where he arrived
on Wednesday, the 28th, but gave no notice till the Monday after ;
and the people at Nevis being informed that all the Governors of
the respective islands were there rendezvoued looked upon that
"protract of time" as an espece of that delay they had been
accustomed to, and despaired ; of Governor Wheler's success. But
on Monday, the 3rd July, their Secretary, M. De Ruan, with several
other gentlemen and a hermit who is in great esteem with them,
came, and in a set speech told him M. De Baas would deliver pos-
session, and demanded when he would receive it, and pressed him
to dine with M. De Baas ; to which Governor Wheler replied he
would wait on M. De Baas next morning, but would not set foot
on St. Christopher's but to receive possession. Sent next day
Colonel Stapleton, Deputy-Governor of Montserrat, whom he has
made Major-General of militia of the islands, Colonel Russell, and
Captain Mathew, who returned with an appointment from M. De
Baas to be at the English Road the next morning (-j^- July) to
deliver possession ; which he did, according to the copy herewith
sent of the Act made by the Public Notary [see ante, No. 583],
Keeps the original here, M. De Baas keeps his part ; a third part
was added by the Notary, and a fourth they will give to be
registered by the English also. Afterwards M. De Baas drank
the King's health and then his, and he the King of France's and
M. De Baas's, with whom he went to dinner at his castle, and
they made several strict promises to each other to live with good
intelligence. Knows nothing in his management of this affair,
that any man might not have done as well, but it was the King's
good fortune that was Wheler's genius, but if there was any
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
241
July 6.
Jamaica.
July 7.
Jamaica.
1671.
small artifice on his side, it was that they apprehended he would
have attempted it by force, because of the preparations he was
making, for at this time they had no ships, and the English had
20 in their road. Promises it shall as hardly be lost as it has
with trouble been regained, and is now going with 20 cannon for
the old fort, to set up the King's colours, and carry some soldiers
to relieve a corporal and file of mu.sketteers whom he left yesterday
to keep possession. Will give particular account of the settlement
so soon as the inhabitants return, and as shipping departs will
send into all parts of the world (news) of the restitution, and
desires notice be given upon the Exchange at London, that men
may in reasonable time put in their claims to their lost estates,
lest they be disposed of to such as will replant the country. 3 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVIL, No. 5.]
587. Rich. Browne to Joseph Williamson. Hopes his letter
to Lord Arlington came safe to hand, since which has been very
sick. Sir Thos. Lynch arrived about 12 days since, and was very
well received by the old Governor and people : he has been much
troubled with the gout ; the old Governor visits him very often,
and they have agreed to suffer ships to fetch logwood out of the
Bay of Campeachy. Is informed there are about 40 ships cutting
logwood : certainly the Spaniards cannot suffer it, but may take
some of them, which will occasion a new war. About six weeks
since Spaniards landed from a small bark, burnt a house and
carried a prisoner to Cuba. The Assistance frigate, and the
Welcome are to go to Carthage n a and Cuba with the articles of
peace. If God gives him strength to bear the sea, hopes to see
him in London. Endorsed, E., Sept. 21. 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVIL, No. 6.]
588. Sir Thomas Lynch to Joseph Williamson. Wrote to his
Lordship by a ship that sailed four or five days since, and does so
by this, the whole history of his voyage and reception, and a
particular letter about his secret commission. There is no fear of
any disobedience, for he has been received with abundance of
civility and joy by the General and people ; but has lain on his
bed these eight days. There is no money in the treasury, a dry
season has blasted all the cocoa and sugars, four-fifths of our men
that went to Panama are lost, believes there are not so many of the
island as seven years ago when he went off, yet prodigious quan-
tities of land run out for people to come. Hopes in time to remedy
all, and begs for God's sake for frequent letters and directions.
U pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVIL, No. 7.]
July 14. 589. Sir Chas. Wheler to (Sec. Lord Arlington). Refers to his
Nevis. letter of the 6th inst. by Colonel Russel, late Governor of this place,
enclosing copy of the Act of restitution of the English part of St.
Christopher's, that his Majesty might know his own business
before the news should come on the Exchange; and hastens this
by way of Plymouth in case this ship might meet with a more
prosperous voyage. The trouble of transporting the heavy iron
U 51912.
242
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
July 17.
Virginia.
July 20.
St. Chris-
topher's.
July 20.
St. Chris-
topher's.
guns was never so entangled between the fear of losing the King's
stores and ships (the season of hurricanes being just upon them),
and his earnestness to be in a posture of defence. Hopes by the
one more ship to sail for Bristol to send word some of the guns are
mounted, and that the King has 500 good men with muskets to
stand by them ; and then dares promise he will not be pulled out
till his Majesty shall hear from him. There could not be a fairer
correspondence between him and M. De Baas, who is a very
prudent, civil gentleman ; takes him to be a man of his word,
because he uses fewer than one shall meet with from his nation,"
and they have promised each other all they can do, where their
masters' commands do not interpose. Endorsed, "R. 4 Sept.'
2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 8.]
590. Thomas Ludwell to Secretary Lord Arlington, Thanks in
his country's behalf for his assistance in the confirmation of the
order of the Governor and Council prohibiting the importation of
Newgateers. The safety of this country depends upon the con-
tinuance of it, so many insolent villanies having been committed
by men of that sort, that greater numbers would hazard the peace
of it. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 9.]
591. Governor Sir Charles Wheeler to Dr. Durel, Canon of
Windsor, at Windsor Castle. Since the English part of this island
has been delivered to him, many French Protestants who have
purchased estates there, have applied that they may send to France
for a minister of our religion whom they will liberally reward ; to
which he has consented on condition that the liturgy of the Church
of England be used, but as they are wholly unacquainted with any of
their nation who know the English Liturgy ; desires him to recom-
mend one. The minister shall have WQl. per annum, for the English
paying theirs so, will oblige the French to do the same, and mean-
time the French will have built a church. An answer sent to Mr.
Williamson, will be forwarded to him. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXVIL, No. 10.]
592. Sir Chas. Wheeler, Governor of the Leeward Islands, to
(Sec. Lord Arlington). Entreats his Lordship to deliver enclosed
petition to the King, has written to Dr. Turner earnestly pressing
him not to refuse to be consecrated Bishop of these islands, in case
his Majesty thinks fit to send him Has proposed to him that bis
Bishopric shall be worth 4007. per annum, with a house that may
deserve the name of a Bishop's Palace; that he bring eight fellows
of colleges who shall have 800. per annum among them ; desires this
only on his prevailing with his Lordship to move his Majesty that
the fellows in their absence enjoy the full profits of their fellow-
ships, and Dr. Turner have his mastership of St. Johns and all
other Ecclesiastical preferments preserved for him ; hopes that in
few years the good Dr. would so settle things that he might return
to his mastership, and thence furnish these islands with fit men on
any vacancies. Begs pardon for the trouble given, but doubts not
this would be extremely advantageous to his Majesty's dominions
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
243
1671.
here. Has done this without. Dr. Turner's leave, knowing his
modesty would never have consented to that high office, and he is
the fittest man he knows in England. Encloses,
592. I. Petition of Sir Chas. Wheler to the King. That in these
Leeward Islands his Majestys has near 10,000 Christian
subjects, for whose care petitioners found but two in Holy
Orders, both scandalous livers, and one a notable scis-
matic active in the late bloody rebellion. Knowing it is
impossible to remove out of England men fit to be
ministers, and that divers well-qualified laymen are willing
to be priests and deacons ; that the islands have made liberal
provisions for the maintenance of the clergy, and are
everywhere erecting churches and chapels ; and that there
will be means found for founding a college ; beseeches his
Majesty to command Dr. Turner, Master of St. John's
College, Cambridge, to be consecrated Bishop of Nevis and
the other Leeward Islands, to settle the government of the
Church and answer the most earnest cries of the people for
ministers to instruct them. Together 3 pp. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVII., Nos. 11, 11 I.]
[24 July.] 593. Petition of Robert Mason to the Council for Foreign Plan-
tations. King James by letters patent dated 3 Nov. 1620 granted
to the Council of New England all the land in New England from
40 to 48 N. lat. The Council of New England by an indenture
dated 22 April, 11. Chas. I. sold to John Mason (petitioner's grand-
father) sundry tracts of land by the name of New Hampshire and
Masonia. Petitioner's grandfather and heirs were in quiet possession
thereof several years, and disbursed 20,OOOZ. towards the planting of
the colony. About 1651 the Massachusetts colony taking advantage of
the late sad divisions violently entered on, the petitioner's estate,
forced the inhabitants to take an oath of fidelity to them, and
deprived him of his lands. Prays that their Lordships will take his
case into consideration and make report to the King. Received and
read in Council, 24 July 1671. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII.,
No. 12.]
July 29. 594. Sir Tobias Bridge and Col. Christopher Codrington to Sec.
Barbadoes. Lord Arlington. The foregoing is copy of what was last sent by
Lieut. Morgan. Have faithfully stated the accounts of the six com-
panies under command of Sir Tobias Bridge remaining on this island,
and sent them by Capt. Barrett sealed up to the Lords of the
Treasury. Sir Chas. Wheeler and Lt.-Col. Stapleton have not yet
sent up those of the four companies to Leeward, but they shall be
forwarded. Capt. Barrett and other officers come in the Noble
Katherine with 200 men, and there remain about 60, for whose
transportation care shall be taken. On same sheet Sir Tobias Bridge
to Lord Arlington. 22 June, see ante, No. 568. Together 2 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 81.]
Aug. 2. 595. John Reid to (Sec. Lord Arlington ?). Takes this sure
Barbadoes. convenience by his honour's old acquaintance, Capt. Barrett, to let
him know he has another old servant, acquaintance, and beadsman
Q 2
24.4 COLONIAL PAPERS.
^
1671.
alive here. This island affords nothing worthy his Lordship's acce{
tance, but has delivered Capt. Barrett a monkey to be presented to
her Ladyship, being confident it will please her for it is the finest
he ever saw. His condition is little mended since he saw his honour,
for having come in on a parcel of old and bad debts has almost lost
his credit with the Royal Co., because he cannot recover them.
Hears they are renewing their stock, and intend another factor, and
to pinch him in his small salary. Begs his honour as his patron to
speak to H.R.H. Secretary Mr. Wrenn, who is the chief manager of
their affairs, that he may be continued in their service. 2 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol., XXVII., No. 13.]
Aug. 3. 596. Address of the Council for Plantations to the King. On
consideration of Major Bannister's Narrative of his proceedings at
Surinam about the fetching off the English Planters detained there
by the Dutch, and the letter and petition of the remaining English
expressing their desire and readiness to remove thence, they advise
that his Majesty give order that the two ships formerly sent (or two
others of the same burden) be despatched so as to arrive at Surinam
in December next, for fetching off the said English ; and that new
and more strict orders be meantime procured from the States-General
to prevent further obstructions or disputes about their removal.
Signed by Sandwich President and eleven others. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 14.]
Aug. 3. 597. Two copies of the preceding. [Col. Entry Bks., No. XCIV.,
88, and No. LXXVIL, CO.]
Aug. 12. 598. Representation of the Council for Plantations to the King
concerning New England. Find that after the best enquiry there
are many informations necessary to be got for the well grounding
of the King's future proceedings, which cannot be better had than
by sending Commissioners, due regard being had to their qualifica-
tions of ability and integrity to send faithful and judicious advices
and yet with temper, not too much contrary to the present
humour of the people. Besides the benefit of the considerable
notices hoped for from them, it will be conducible to the King's
honour to have some persons there on his part to contribute to
the prosperity of the colonies and to show his good opinion of
their disposition and obedience to his government. Moreover there
are many differences between the colonists concerning boundaries,
which if not compromised cannot be determined without civil
war, except by the King's sovereign power. Advise that the
Commissioners' public instructions may be only to promote the
general good of the colonies and to hear and determine the
questions about boundaries. Other secret instructions may be
given in points where with good direction they may do the King
considerable service. 1 p. Three copies. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII.,
Nos. 15, 16, 17. See also Col. Entry Bh, No. 94, pt. 2, p. 5.]
Aug. 12. 599. Chas. Modyford to Sec. Lord Arlington. Encloses letter
Tower. f rom hj 8 father and Admiral Morgan's Narrative. Has also a
letter from him to the King with the strict order to present it
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 245
1671.
with his own hand. Desires that the enclosed petition be read
to his Majesty, and if possible granted, relying upon his Lord-
ship's favour and all other the concerns of the writer's family at
Court. Remains here in entire submission to the King which he
hopes will be a reason for his sooner eulargenent. 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVIL, No. 18.]
Aug. 14. 600. Major James Banister to (Sec. Lord Arlington). Nothing
Old Harbour, o f moment has happened since his last, but the imprisonment of
ica - Sir Thos. Modyford the 12th hist., Sir Thos. Lynch acquainting
none with his intentions but Banister that same morning, who
accompanied them on board his Majesty's frigate and there showed
him his Majesty's orders ; which he supposes Sir Thomas Mody-
ford little suspected till then, having ordered his affairs to sail
in his own ship. Will only say that on his arrival was enter-
tained by Sir Thos. Modyford with very great kindness, and Sir
Thos. Lynch received from him as honourable a reception as could
be, which he has ever since continued, being also very forward
with his best advice for the good of this island till the very time
of his restraint. Has made it his business to understand the
grounds of this last war against the Spaniard, the sum whereof
the enclosed will inform his Lordship. 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVII., No. 19.]
Aug. 15. 601. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. His Majety's letters
Port Koyal. an( j instructions concerning sending home Sir Thomas Modyford
read and ordered to be entered on record. Proclamation drawn
upon same and ordered to be published and recorded. Copy of
order of council dated 29th June 1670, compared with the original
and signed by the Governor as owned by the persons present at
said council to be their act. The late General Sir Thomas Mody-
ford's accounts shown to the council. The King's warrant, dated
Whitehall, 10th March 1671, to Sir Thos. Lynch. Also the
King's private instructions to Lieutenant-Governor Lynch [see ante,
Nos. 452, 453].
Instructions from James, Duke of York, Lord High Admiral,
to Captain John Hubbard, of his Majesty's ship Assistance. Autho-
rising and directing him, in pursuance of directions contained in a
letter from his Majesty of 7th March [see ante, No. 441], to do all
things for the accomplishing of his Majesty's orders to Sir Thos.
Lynch, Lieutenant-Governor of Jamaica, to seize Sir Thos. Mody-
ford, his Majesty's late Governor there, and send him in safe
custody to England, according to his Majesty's private letter and
instructions given to Sir Thos. Lynch with command to impart
them to him ; for the more effectual execution thereof not to go
ashore in the island, till Sir Thos. Lynch be settled in quiet pos-
session of the government, and shall have seized Sir Thos. Mody-
ford ; and if any accident befall Sir Thos. Lynch, or he find
opposition in possessing himself of the government, or in seizing
Sir Thos. Modyford, to assist Sir Thos. Lynch with the utmost
of his force, by annoying in all ways the island, and particularly
by burning, sinking, and destroying the privateers that shall
246 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
assist the island in such opposition to his Majesty's commands.
6 pp. [Col Entry Bk., No. XXXIV., 225-231.]
Aug. 15. 602. Proclamation of Sir Thomas Lynch, Lieutenant-Governor
Port Koyai, of Jamaica. Whereas his Majesty has by letter and instrument
Jamaica. Q f ^e 10th March last commanded him to make prisoner the late
Governor Sir Thos. Modyford and send him with a strong and
safe guard to his Majesty's presence in England, for making war
and committing depredations and acts of hostility upon the sub-
jects and territories of the King of Spain in America contrary to
his Majesty's express order and command ; also that his Majesty
grants a free pardon and indemnity to all who have been partakers
with him, on condition that they quietly submit to Sir Thos.
Lynch and his Majesty's authority, and abstain for the future
from the like hostilities, observing punctually his Majesty's late
Treaty with the Catholic King of the -fy Julv now last pa,st. 1 p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVIL, No. 20.]
Aug. 19. 603. Major James Banister to Sec. Lord Arlington. Cannot
Old Harbour, b u t sympathise with his fellow subjects in Surinam which presses
lca ' him to pursue his Lordship with fresh addresses to extend his
second kindness in compassion to the remaining English there
for commiserating their distressed condition to his Majesty and
endeavouring a further supply of shipping for their exportation
thence. His Lordship may be sensible by their petition to his
Majesty what great inconveniences they have already suffered
from their arbitrary Dutch masters, who he suspects have since
ushered in more heavy oppressions ; from which they so earnestly
desire to withdraw, that they will gladly receive the ships, if
his Majesty will send them, at their own charge, without which
they can never remove, the Dutch imposing such heavy rates on
the hire of their shipping, supposing the English to be excluded
from any further redress, which must prove true without his
Majesty's goodness. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVIL, No. 21.]
Aug. 20. 604. Lieutenant-Governor Sir Thos. Lynch to Sec. Lord Arling-
Jamaica. ton. Has written to his Lordship twice at large since he came,
and about three weeks since to Mr. Williamson, and acquainted
his Lordship with the reason for deferring putting into execution
the King's orders. Has established the Government, as he will
see by the enclosed ; people would be much satisfied if the form
of government were continued, though Governor and officers were
changed : will send same, and write at large to " our Council," by
this ship. Herewith writes to Sir Thos. Clifford for the Lords
of the Treasury, and remits Sir Thos. Modyford's accounts, with
some few remarks, as also the state of the revenue, wherein they
will see what a poor thing this mighty Government is, and how
excusable he was in pressing for that little the King ordered him,
for Sir Thos. Modyford must say that 1,0001. per annum will not
keep a Governor's house. Will by next ship send a perfect account
of all arms and ammunition, and afterwards a list of all the regi-
ments, an account of the inhabitants, and a more exact map of
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 247
1671.
the island than ever was made. Has sent a most extraordinary
Derrotero (sea chart) to Sir Robert Murray for the King ; desires
his Lordship to have a sight of it, with the history, which, or a
copy, he wishes sent back. The sloop that carried Don Francisco
Calderon to San Domingo is returned with five prisoners, runa-
ways from Nevis. The Spaniards dreadfully apprehend the French
Buccaniers now settling withing 16 leagues of them, and the
Governor wrote to the Conde de Peneranda to admit our privateers
to come and kill these French for the booty, and also for liberty to
buy negroes for the King. If his Lordship and the Council think
the taking of Hispaniola will be so prejudicial as we here think it
will be, and if his Lordship order him he might find a way to save
San Domingo and not engage the English or his Majesty's name
in it. Sends herewith the President's letter, which contains
nothing but " compliments of Panama." Hears that the French
Buccaniers are still in rebellion, and will receive neither the
Governor nor the Royal Company. Both have their agents here,
and if Lynch interposes will adhere to the royal party, for if the
Buccaniers got exemption, in a few years neither Hispaniola nor
the Indies could resist them, for they are already near 3,000 strong,
themselves say above 4,000. Intends to send the Assistance that
way when she goes to Cuba ; she and the Welcome came back from
Carthagena 10 days since ; they were treated infinitely well by the
Governor and the city, of which his Lordship has here a narrative
by Major Beeston, and " all the autos and formalities of it in
Spanish from the Governor," and likewise the Governor's letter,
the publication of the Peace, and a letter about the " sweepstakes."
Gave Major Beeston and Mr. Read, factor to the Royal Company,
order to treat with the Assienta's factor to come hither for negroes,
but " he was so hated, and the gentleman so watched that nothing
could be done." They brought away 32 prisoners and five French,
which they took out of " one of the Grilles ships " at sea, bound to
Cura9ao for negroes. Captain Hubbard died on the voyage ;
has put the Captain of the Welcome into his place. Thinks to
send the Welcome for Havannah and so home, being old, and
with the other will do all his Majesty requires, for the Privateers
are all divided, lost, or taken to planting or fetching logwood.
Has sent Proclamations to all their haunts, promising exemption
from arrest if they come in in six months, intimating that he
has written to Bermudas, the Caribbees, New England, New
York, and Virginia, for their apprehension, has declared them
pirates in all the Spanish ports, and intends to send to Tortuga
to prevent their reception ; which will infallibly bring them all
in. Has favoured them against their Commanders about the
plunder, of which they have cheated them, which has contributed
mightily to the bringing them in and reducing them. Is every
day troubled about the negroes and mulattoes freedom and other
differences that happened in this wretched voyage. Will free
them cautiously that the people may not be too much exasperated :
there are nearly 400 or 500 of them brought from Panama, and
the gentlemen have agreed with the Governor of Carthagena to
248 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
have them fetched away at 80 pieces of 8 per head. But the
sending home SirThos. Modyford a prisoner according to the King's
order troubled him most; he was prepared to come home when
told " by the by " lest I should too much exasperate his friends
and surprise him that the King expected him. But 12 days
since came news by a Bristol man, which by great luck and art
he suppressed, that Mr. [Chas.] Modyford was secured in the Tower,
which made Lynch mortally apprehend Sir Thomas' escape. To
prevent which watched himself divers nights. Set guards or
rather spies on the boats and at the ports, and last Friday week
having ordered Lieutenant-Colonel Freeman to come armed, letting
none know the reason, Major-General Banister and some others
very luckily coming to town, he invited them to accompany the
Lieutenant-Go vernor to the sea side. In the morning went to Sir
Thos. Modyford and prayed him to go with them, and that the
Lieutenant-Governor's wife should return with him. Modyford
excused it, but told him he must enter the boat and go on board
the Assistance, where Lynch had something to communicate to him
from the King. Called those of the Council into the boat, and
being come on board acquainted Modyford with the King's orders
to send him home prisoner. Both he and they were much sur-
prised and troubled. To lessen it, said all he could to him which
his Lordship had bid Lynch say, that his life and fortune were
in no danger, and that the Lieutenant-Governor had orders to
pardon all which was a mark Sir Thos. Modyford was not such
a capital offender, but there was a necessity of the King's making
this resentment for such an unreasonable irruption. Wrote to the
same purpose to his son and to Admiral Morgan, who were sick,
and to some of the Council in the town, fearing the surprise or
fear might occasion some rash actions ; but, God be thanked, all
remained quiet, only by some in secret Lynch was traduced as a
trapan, and one that had betrayed the good General. On Monday
the Council met " all but Colonel Modyford and Sir James, who
was reported to be frantic ; " showed them his orders, and told them
what the King had commanded was not to be disputed, though his
manner of doing it might privately be censured, but told them
there were but three ways of doing what he was commanded, viz.,
either by taking M odyford's oath and security to render himself
a true prisoner, which he could not do with one whom the King
had charged with such crimes ; or to have made him a prisoner at
town, which was impossible, his own servants being sick, the
townsmen partial, and any of Modyford's desperate friends might
have murdered him, and has since heard that two have sworn
that had they known Lynch's intentions they would have cut
his throat. But the third and the way taken was the safest.
Shows lie could not be charged with ingratitude, and that his
arguments seemed to satisfy all, and immediately the cause of his
imprisonment was published and the King's pardon, he allowed
the Council to confirm the Act by which Morgan was commis-
sioned, which Modyford carries home with him, and gave him a
letter certifying that he found in him or the people no disposition
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 249
1671.
to rebel. Has likewise visited him every day aboard and carried him
to take the air, and showed him all the civilities imaginable, both to
palliate his misfortunes, for two days after his restraint came
public news of his son's imprisonment, and " to set myself with
those friends of his that might think I was the cause and not the
instrument of his misfortunes." Before letting him go aboard the
Jamaica merchant that is to bring him home, swore the Captain,
Joseph Knapman, with all his crew, and put aboard 12 of the
Assistance's men under Lieutenant Bucke and Mr. Fogge, with
commission to guard him, if possible, right into the Thames ; so
hopes it will appear he has served the King with all the duty and
punctuality imaginable, and that they may blush who have re-
proached his Lordship for preferring him to this occasion. Did
they but know the risks run and the money expended, and the
little advantage he is like to have by it, they would pity rather
than envy him. Encloses,
604. i. The present state of the Government of Jamaica, under
his Majesty's Lt.-Governor and Commander-m-Chief Sir
Thomas Lynch, Knight, this 20th August 1671. His
Majesty is sovereign and proprietor ; is stiled King, &c.
and Lord of Jamaica ; and the Governor and Lt.-Governor
are appointed during his pleasure. The present Lt.-
Goveruor has a council of 14 of the best men in the island
viz., Major-Generai Jas.Banister, Sir Jas. Modyford, Colonels
Thos. Modyford, John Coape, Thos. Freeman, and Thos.
Ballard, Lt.-ColoneLi Wm. Ivy, Robert Byndlos, Chas.
Whitfield, and Thos. Fuller, Major Anthony Collyer, Capt.
Hender Molesworth, Lt.-Col. Robert Freeman, Secretary,
and John White, Chief Justice ; they may be suspended
for misdemeanour, but the Lords of the Council of Foreign
Plantations must judge if it is reasonable. There is an
assembly numbering 18, viz., two from each of the
districts of St. Catherine, Clarendon, St. Andrew, Port
Royal, St. John, St. David, St. Elizabeth, St. Thomas,
and North Side : these are chosen indifferently by the
people, and make laws which are of force for two years,
and ever after with the Royal Assent. The people look
on it as their Magna Charta, that they shall be governed
by these municipal laws and those of England, and not
have anything imposed on them but by their own consents
as in Barbadoes and the Caribbees. There is a Major-
General v\ hose office resembles that of Muster Master in
England. Here follow Major-General James Banister's
orders, which include " the sum of the Act for the militia."
There are six regiments of foot, commanded by Colonels
Thos. Freeman and Thos. Modyford, the Lt.-Governor,
Major General Banister, Sir Jas. Modyford, and Col.
John Coape ; and one regiment of horse commanded
b> the Lt.-Governor with Col. Thos. Ballard, Lt.-Colonel.
There is no fortification but at Port Royal: the castle
has about 40 guns, and there needs two platforms and a
250 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
fort at Bonhams Point to make the harbour secure : there
are kept in the fort only one gunner Col. Theod. Gary and
two matrosses : six files of inhabitants watch there every
night. Of all ordnance, arms and ammunition the Lords
of our Council and the Master of the Ordnance have, and
shall have yearly, a particular account. His Majesty's
revenue is but small, and arises from rents of land, fines
and escheats, a taxation on alehouses, and import on
liquors and tonnage. Land at the Point pays \ penny a
foot, and all cleared land one penny an acre ; licence for
selling drink 40s. ; spirits 6s. per gallon ; wines 4>l. per
tun, beer 80s., and rum 40s. per tun, every ship 12d per
ton for anchorage, foreigners double. The Act directs
these shall be laid out as follows, viz., 1,000?. per annum
to the Governor, 400. to the Lt.-Governor, 200Z. to the
Major-General, 8Ql. to the Chief Justice, 20. to every
judge, Wl. to their assistants ; but it never yet held out to
pay all them. To receive this there is a Receiver-General
who has 2s. 6d. per ; there follow the commission and
instructions of Thomas Tothill, Collector and Receiver-
General. The collectors of the imports have likewise 101.
per cent, allowed them because the revenue is so small.
Commission and instructions of Robert Freeman and
Reginald Wilson, Commissioners of Impost. To receive
account of these officers there is a chief treasurer, Gary
Helyar, who has other employs and so does it at 8d. per
. Commission and instructions of Gary Helyar. Mr.
Povey has the office of secretary for life, and Lt.-Col.
Freeman now holds it as purchased from him. This office
dispatches all public writings, issues let-passes to ships,
has the probate of wills, gives licenses for marriages and
alehouses, &c. Table of fees, as settled by an Act of the
Assembly, viz., the Secretary's. The Marshall's office is
held by patent for Sir Thos. Lynch's life, and possessed
now by Robert Thornton, having been sold by Sir Thos.
to Peter Pugh and Wm. Cheeke seven years since ; he is
the Executive Minister of Justice, waits on the Governor,
Council, Assembly, and Justices, and executes all their
orders. The Provost Marshal's fees. Both these officers
give in great security for faithful performance of their
offices. His Majesty has favoured the island with a mace
that cost near 80, which is carried before the Governor on
solemn occasions. There is a Great Seal of Silver, where-
with all Commissions, Patents, and Acts, &c. are sealed ;
on one side is his Majesty on his throne, with two Indians
on their knees presenting fruits, and two cherubims aloft
supporting a canopy, and under his feet this motto " Duro de
Cortice Fructus quam dulces." The inscription about is
the King's title ; on the other side is an escutcheon
bearing a cross charged with five pines, two Indians the
supporters, and an aligator the crest; the inscription
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 251
1671.
inclosing all is Ecce alium Ramos porrexit in orbem, nee
sterilis Crux est, and underneath the escutcheon is Indus
uterque serviet uni. It has always been kept by the
Governor, lest it should be made an office to the multi-
plying of chancery suits, whereof hitherto there have been
none. The King by instructions to the Governor has ordered
30 acres to be given to everyone that comes to settle, and
his Majesty reserves all Royal Mines and the fifth of
others. There is an office, which Capt. Edward Waldron
has, for the registry of all patents, leases, and mortgages
about land. As yet there is no Court of Admiralty, nor
any great need of it, for the common law courts are
infinitely less chargeable ; but for extraordinary cases is
erecting one, and appointing Major Win. Beeston judge.
The Governor has always been Judge of the Prerogative
Court. For speedy administration of justice, the island is
divided into precincts. A ridge of lofty mountains divides
the north from the south side, and there is now no plant-
able land to be taken up near the sea on the south side.
The parishes of St. Thomas and St. David to the east-
ward have no minister. Col. Thos. Freeman is chief
judge of the Court of Common Pleas and Captains Wm.
Ryves and Edward Stanton his assistants. Their com-
mission, instructions and rules of court ; amongst other
things to " discourage lawyers, attorneys, solicitors, and
such like, who stir up differences and suits amongst his
Majesty's subjects," and " allow no lawyers or attorneys
fees in any bill of cost, nor let any action lie for such upon
any pretence whatever." Quarterly sessions are also held
in these two parishes by the Justices ; their instructions.
Port Royal has a minister, Robt. Freeman, Saml. Bache
and Reginald Wilson are judges ; Lygonee has a minister,
and Wm. Valet, and Captains Richd. Brayne and Parker
are judges ; for Clarendon and St. Elizabeth, Major-
General Banister and Sam. Long and Wm. Parker are
judges ; and the judges and justices have the same com-
missions and instructions as above. At St. Jago there is
a minister, and John White is judge of the supreme court.
His commissions, and instructions, and table of fees.
There is likewise an Attorney-General, his commission.
All his Majesty's Council join with the Lt.-Governor in
sending this state of the government home to beg his
Majesty's orders for its continuance.
604. II. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica held at St. Jago de
la Vega, 1670, June 29, see ante, No. 209.
604. in. Letters and depositions touching the Spaniards hostili-
ties against Jamaica, viz., Lt.-Col. Wm. Ivy to Sir Thos.
Lynch. Samuel Jenkes to Sir Thos Lynch. Depositions
of Wm. Brewer, Arthur Burnham, Cornelius Johnson,
Jean Boys, and Julian de Cobino. 1670, June. Certified
252
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Aug. 20.
Aug. 21.
Aug. 21.
Jamaica.
Aug. 21.
Jamaica.
by Lt.-Gov. Sir Thos. Lynch. Together 48 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVII., Nos. 22, 22, i., u., m.]
605. The State of the Government of " Jamaica under command
of Sir Thomas Lynch, Knight, his Majesty's Lieut-Governor
there, in the year 1671." Calendared above. [Col. Entry Bk., No.
XXVIII., 6-38.J
606. Commission from the Lords Proprietors of Carolina to Sir
John Yeamans, Governor of Carolina south and west of Cape Car-
teret. Granting him power to let, set, convey, and assure lands, with
consent of his Council and under the conditions set forth in his
instructions. Also to execute all powers and authorities in relation
to the government, and, in case of his absence, the power to appoint
a deputy. Similar to a commission to Gov. Wentworth of the
Bahamas, see ante, No. 509. The name of Major Ark hurst, Esq., (sic)
has been carefully eroded, and that of Sir John Yeamans, Bart.,
written over it by John Locke, who in a mem. at p. 76 writes that
on 26 Dec. 1671 Sir J. Yeamans was made Governor by a Com-
mission in the same form under the Great Seal of the Province,
signed John Berkeley, Ashley, G. Carteret, and P. Colleton. [Col.
Entry Bk., XX., 72, 73.]
607. Sir Thos. Lynch to Joseph Williamson, Sec. to Lord Arling-
ton at Court. By Knapman, who brings Sir T. Modyford prisoner,
and by this vessel that sails with him, has written largely to his
Lordship, and also to Williamson, and by every occasion will let
him know how much he owes to and expects from him. Had like
to have miscarried by not being advised of Chas. M.'s apprehension ;
" for God's sake tell me (for the future) where I do ill, and direct
me how to do well ; I value me hugely on you ; and be pleased
to my (sic) Sir W. Godolphin to write at adventure by all despatches
into Spain to give me more credit and introduction ; but nothing
will do better than this sending prisoner Sir T. M." Has been kind
to Dr. Browne, because Williamson bid him, and made him Clerk of
the Market. Yesterday a young man came and said Williamson
was his brother ; could not believe him, but Major Tolhurst says
he is so, is sending for him to serve him. Endorsed, R. ] 3 Nov r
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 23.]
608. Richard Browne to Joseph Williamson. His last, written
in great pain, gave account of the reception of Sir Thos. Lynch and
other occurrences. Is now well recovered and finds he left off the
account of their voyage at their return out of Panama Town. They
reached their vessels without finding any other enemy than hunger,
which the commanders might have prevented, for they loaded the
mules that might have brought provisions, with plate and other good
plunder to the value of above 70,000?., besides other rich goods, and
cheated the soldiers of a very vast sum, each man having but 101.
a share, and the whole number not being above 1,800. At Chau-
grave they gave what they pleased, " for which .... we must be
content or else clapped in irons, &c.," and after staying there a
week the Admiral and four or five more stood for Jamaica, being
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 253
1671.
like to starve in that 10 days' run, and the rest for want of pro-
visions were forced to leeward, where hundreds were lost, starved,
which is half the undoing of this island. At their going out on
this unfortunate voyage they had 37 sail of men-of-war, and knows
of 19 cast away and not above 10 have ever yet returned. Cannot
tell what infatuated " our Grandees " to send forth such a fleet on
so slender an account ; can " find no other cause but a pitiful small
Spanish man-of-war of 8 guns, which came vapouring upon these
coasts with a commission from the Queen of Spain, . . . took one
small vessel, . . . burnt 4 or 5 houses, and took away about 30
live hogs, . . . and he himself was taken with his ship." We do
the Spaniards more mischief in one hour than they can do us in
seven years ; it is incredible what loss they received by us at
Panama. Spanish gold and silver is the only cause of the quarrel ;
and they can easily make a ground for the contest, for the first
design is the getting of prisoners, whom they force, some by
torments, to say that either at Carthagena, Porto Bello, or other
maritime place, they are mustering men and fitting a fleet to invade
Jamaica ; and those who will not subscribe what they know not
are cut in pieces, shot, or hanged; which they did to a poor
captain at Hispaniola, whom a month after quarter they hanged
for not subscribing what they suggested ; but what they extorted
from other pitiful spirited Spaniards was the sole ground work
of our design. There have been very great complaints by the
wronged seamen in Sir Thos. Modyford's time against Admiral
Morgan, Collier, and other Commanders, but nothing could be done,
but since Sir Thos. Lynch's arrival they are left to the law. The
Commanders dare but seldom appear, the widows, orphans, and
injured inhabitants, who have so freely advanced upon hopes of
a glorious design, being now ruined through fitting out the priva-
teers. Cannot omit to write how prudently Sir Thos. Lynch
managed the business in making prisoner Sir Thos. Modyford,
who was drawn by invitation on board the Assistance, and " after
their regailios " left aboard in custody ; a few days after Sir Thos.
Lynch issued the Proclamation enclosed, which gave good satis-
faction to the people who before were much startled. By a sloop
from . Tortuga they are advised that four or five French men of
50 or 60 guns cruising upon those coasts took her goods, but the
Governor writes that satisfaction shall be made. Major Beeston
and others sent in the Assistance and Welcome with the Treaty
of Peace, had a very kind acceptance at Carthagena and brought
away all the English prisoners there ; Capt. Hubbard, of the Assist-
ance, died of fever. From Carthagena they have flying news of
the taking of the Sweepstakes frigate at Lima, where report speaks
she was sent out upon discoveries. " The report from England is
very high, and great deal worse than it was ; what was in fight
and heat of blood in pursuit of a flying enemy, I presume is
pardonable ; as to their women, I know or ever heard of anything
offered beyond their wills ; something I know was cruelly executed
by Capt. Collier in killing a friar in the field after quarter given ;
but for the Admiral, he was noble enough to the vanquished
254 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1071.
enemy." Sir Thos. Lynch, solely upon his Honour's recommenda-
tion, was wonderfully civil and obliging, and gave him the tirst
employment that offered, which was Clerk of the Market at Port
Royal, with assurance of a better. Has received signal favours also
from Lt.-Col. Rob. Freeman through his Honour's goodness ; and
begs him to return thanks in his behalf to both. 3 pp. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 24.]
Aug. 22. 609. Sir Thos. Lynch to Sec. Lord Arlington. Has sent on this
Jamaica. s hip, the Jamaica Merchant, Sir Thos. Modyford prisoner, and put
on board 12 of the King's seamen under Lt. Buck of the Assistance,
with order to come straight into the river, but if he touches
anywhere to send this to his Lordship. Has sent by him an
account of all at large, the state of the island, Sir T. Modyford's
accounts, and some things to Sir Chas. Lyttelton ; also by one Lee
that sails with this he has sent such a multitude of papers that
he cannot judge his Lordship will peruse them. Is infinitely glad
to see Sir T. M. gone, for many have shown themselves so exceed-
ingly affectionate to him that he would not permit him to go to
his own son that was dying, which has undone all the civilities
he showed. Sir T. M.'s accounts are not fair, supposes the Lords
of the Treasury will send him further orders to audit them.
Yesterday came back the sloop he sent to Hispaniola ; at Little
Guana four French men-of-war seized and sold her goods. The
Governor was much troubled at this, because she came back with
released prisoners, bought what he could and sent it back, and
promises satisfaction for the rest. Thinks by this proceeding the
frigates had order that none are to come near the coast. Prays
him to command Mr. Williamson or Bridgman to send him direc-
tions. The buccaniers are now reduced. Endorsed, R. 18 Nov.
2 pp, [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 25.]
Aug. 30. 610. [Maurice] Matthews to Anthony Lord Ashley. The river
Ashley Elver. Ashley lies in lat. 32 40', as he best guesses by all the artists that
have been there. Description of the soil and timber : the pine
land, besides its turpentine, yields very good pasturage ; also of
the plants, herbs, and fruits. Indian corn thrives well, also
Shaftesbury English peas and Guinea cane ; likewise cotton, ginger, and indigo,
Papers. potatoes, pumpkins, water and musk mellons, and tobacco, which
he has now in cure, as good as ever was smoked, and the Indians
say they never knew the like before. The Indians all about are
their friends and trade with them, and are as follows : St. Helena,
the Southernmost, Ishpow, Wimbee, Edisto, Stano, Keyawah,
where we now live, Kussoo, to the westward, Sampa Wando, Ituan,
St. Pa, Sewee, Santee, Wanniah, Elasie, Islaw, Cotachicach. Some
of these have four or five Cassiques, whose power is no more
(scarce as much) as we own to the Topakin in England. Finds
no tributaries among them, but intermarriages and poverty cause
them to visit one another, never quarrelling who is the better man,
afraid of the very footstep of a Westoe who lived to the westward,
which these say eat people and are great warriors. The general
letters will inform of treaties and matters of peace. Hopes before
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 255
1671.
winter there will be a greater discovery made amongst them.
About three months ago Thos. Gray, Win. Owen, and himself made
a discovery of this river when the Carolina landed her company.
About 30 miles upwards they came among the Kussoo Indians,
their friends. Account of their discoveries : found cypress trees
innumerable ; were stopped by trees that lay athwart the river,
thrown down by the weather or fallen by age. The north river,
commonly called Wandoe, where is excellent good land, but truly
yet unknown, for none were up this river nor that branch above
10 or 15 miles. Describes the fish in both rivers, which "play in
crowds," and seem to be trout or young salmon. Governor West
assures him the greater sort are sturgeon. Multitudes of ducks
and geese in the winter, and ice, but no thicker than a shilling.
4 pp. Endorsed by Locke, Mr. Matthews to Lord Ashley, 30 Aug.
1671, Ashley River. ^Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48,
No. 75.]
Aug. 611. Commission appointing Sir Richard Temple, Knt. of the
Bath, a member of the Council for Foreign Plantations during his
Majesty's pleasure, without salary, with all such powers and
privileges as were granted to Lord Culpepper. [Dom. Chas. II.
Docquef]
Sept. 1. 612. Governor Joseph West to Anthony Lord Ashley, Chancellor
Charles Town. o f the Exchequer, at Exeter House, Strand, London. Safe arrival
Ashley Kiver. Q . ^ B} ess j n g on 14 August last, and of his letter. Perceives the
plantation which he manages is to be upon the public account of
the Lords Proprietors, and will use his utmost endeavour to answer
Shaftesbury tne i r expectations. Will send in his next, account of goods and
Papers. provisions and. how disposed of, and now encloses various accounts
for sums received to procure servants in Ireland, &c. Promises to
discharge his trust faithfully, and to be just and free from any rancour
or malice. There have always been some differences in the Colony.
Within two or three days of the arrival of Sir John Yeamans he
retired to his country house disgusted that the people did not
incline to salute him Governor. As more people arrived, on 8th
July he summoned all the freemen and required them to elect 20
persons to be of the Parliament, which in three days was performed.
Sir John Yeamans was chosen Speaker, but a dispute arose about
choosing a clerk and whether West was made Governor according
to the Lords Proprietors directions, which dissatisfied many of the
Parliament, who broke up and came to West. Sir John declared
there must be three Deputies besides West, and that it would be
in vain for them to proceed unless West would surrender his power
as Governor and make the third Deputy. But he resolved to the
contrary and dissolved the Parliament, when Sir John and his party
went hastily away much dissatisfied. This distraction much re-
sented by the people, who began to murmur, saying Sir John
intended to make this a Cape Fear settlement. Wherefore he
summoned them five days after to elect five Councillors, upon
which Sir John preached this doctrine, that in all elections those
256
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Sept. 7.
Jamaica.
Sept. 7.
Jamaica.
Sept. 7.
London.
who will stand at the greatest distance from the Governor should
be chosen. Sir John has privately sent Dr. Woodward away to
Virginia, at which the Governor is much concerned, for they want
an interpreter. Account of a very ill office (a murder) done by
an Irishman upon an Indian between Sir John's and Thos. Gray's.
Hopes to be able to send a full account of the transaction by the
next. Wishes Sir John Yeamans may be clear of it. The Irish-
man is on his bail. The Colony in a very good state and con-
dition. 2 pp. Endorsed by Locke. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section
IX., Bundle 48, No. 76.]
613. Sir James Modyford to Joseph Williamson. Wished his
cousin Charles long since to acquaint him that the business of
Providence was at a stand, the reasons for which his brother, who
departed a prisoner 16 days hence, will inform him. Is likely to
suffer much for his good intentions, being out of pocket 1,000?.,
which he must look upon as lost without Williamson's assistance,
now that the Lord General is gone, who promised him a good part
thereof, but in the interim died. Will be out through this last
attempt at least 200^., and would accept some favourable employ-
ment in lieu thereof, but doubts that is as hard to be found as
money. Hopes the prisoner will be found innocent, and all mis-
understandings cleared at home ere this arrives, and is confident
at least of Williamson's faithful aid. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXVII., No. 26.]
614. Copy of preceding. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVI., No. 64.]
615. The Committee of Gentlemen Planters in London to the
Assembly of Barbadoes. Have received theirs of 16th June and 4th
July, with the Acts therein mentioned. Have not yet found a fit
opportunity for prosecuting their addresses by reason of the King's
uncertain abode here this summer, but have taken care to make way
for them and prevent misconstructions. Desire Capt. Gorges may
have their thanks for generously leaving the employment to Lt. Col.
Thornburgh. Have received the 30 butts of sugar sent by the
Unity, Marmaduke Wolters, Commander, well conditioned ; 30 more
by the Aleppo Merchant, Francis Coleman Commander, have come to
hand, but 2 are quite washed out and 6 more damaged, and 10 more
by the Golden Phoenix, Richard Pidgeon Commander, have arrived
but not yet landed ; return thanks, also for putting themselves in a
posture of defence, the French still increasing their naval forces,
some of which are coming their way. Are glad they have their
packets by Capt. Collier, whereby they will perceive with how much
malice some men have pursued their ruin. Their order in behalf of
Mr. Champante shall be observed, though could wish some compen-
sation had been allowed him for his pains besides his bare disburse-
ments. Signed by Sir Peter Colleton and ten other*. Received by
the Assembly of Barbadoes, 23 January 1672. H p. [Col. Entry
Bk., No. XIIL, 94-96.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
257
1671.
Sept, 9.
On board of
o i th
Bar of Bulls.
Sept. 13.
Sept. 14.
The Tower.
616. (Capt. Davis) to (M. Wren). Arrived 3rd August with the
Success, and sent word to the West and South that the first convoy
wou ^ be ready to sail 15th August, and that the writer should sail
20th September. It was 20th August before any ships arrived, and
on 28th the first convoy sailed with 23 vessels. The fishers generally
have not made above 140 kintalls per boat, unless in the Bay of
Consumption [? Conception], where they have made over 200. Has
now 15 vessels, and waits for the rest, and will not miss any oppor-
tunity of following his orders. Great complaint by the inhabitants
against the West Countrymen's petition for removing them into the
woods ; but it is only the West Countrymen that are in fault, for he
sees the stages for fuel broken down, and the transportation of men
to New England is done by the masters of the fishing ships, who
employ them to the end of the year, and then to save provisions and
freight pack them away to New England. Is sorry to see how many
have gone this year, and fears that most of the inhabitants, being so
affrighted with this order for their removing, if not speedily
prevented, will repair to the French, who fortify two places, keeping
in one fort 50 soldiers in continual pay, and are very kind to the
English who come to them, the King of France if they require it
sending them a protection and giving them a year's salary.
Encloses the report of a French merchant, who affirms it on his oath.
"By Mr. Parker and Mr. Hernernan of Dartmouth." 1| pp.
Endorsed, "Capt. Davis to Mr. Wren ..... Rec d on the 8 th
December 1676." [Got. Papers, Vol. XXVII No. 27.]
617. Minutes of Council of Antigua. Present, Col. Philip
Warner, Govr., Lt.-Col. Nath. Clerke, Majr. Rowland Williams,
Capts. Richd. Ayres, Paul Lee, Jno. Cade and Win. Thomas, and Jno.
Parry. The Governor's Commission from his Excellency Sir Chas.
Wheeler read ; Jno. Parry and Capt. Renatus Ennis, sworn Secretary
and Provost Marshall ; commissions for gentlemen of the Council to
be Justices of the Peace. Ordered, that the churches of Falmouth
and St. John's be speedily set forward ; that the Monthly Courts, a
Court of Chancery, the General Sessions of the Peace, and the Courts
of Common Pleas, be held as formerly ; that a special Court be held
and a jury empannelled in behalf of the King on the first Tuesday in
January next at the town of Falmouth, to try the titles and forfei-
tures of land not settled according to the Act, and that a strong
prison be built at Falmouth at the public charge. ^ p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXV., No. 55* ]
618. Chas. Modyford to Joseph Williamson. The vessel from
Jamaica has run aground near the Isle of Sheppey, which has
hindered his letters from coining, bub is informed that Sir Thos.
Lynch is arrived, and had received the government from his father,
Sir Thos. Modyford, with all respect due to his Majesty's commis-
sion, and had proclaimed the Peace. For the truth of which dare
forfeit his life ; however has despatched an express for his letters, and
if they arrive to-morrow will enclose them to Lord Arlington ; but
if not will petition, if his Lordship think fit, his Majesty and Council
for his liberty to-morrow, for his grandmother is very ill, and her
U 51912.
258 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
affairs cannot be settled without his presence, but to his great
disadvantage ; and understands that his Lordship goes on Saturday
into the country. 1 p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 28.]
619. List of such officers as were at the first raising and still
remain in Sir Tobias Bridge's regiment. Col. Sir Tobias Bridge ;
Capt.-Lieutenant John Painter, now a captain; Ensign Oliver
Franklin, now a lieutenant ; Lieut.-Col. William Stapleton ; Major
Edm. Andros ; Lieut. John Rodney, now a captain ; Capt. James
Cotter, Lieut. Abednego Mathews, now a captain; Capt. Edw.
Talbott ; Lieut. Peter Fenwick, now a captain-lieutenant ; Ensign
Henry Crofts, now a lieutenant; Capt. Morley's Ensign, Tho.
Morgan, now a lieutenant; Capt. James Barett; Lieut. Rupert
Billingsley, now a captain ; Capt. Abraham Langford, adjutant ;
Leolin Floyd, Chirurgeon. Endorsed, "1671, Barbadoes Regiment."
\ p. [Col Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 29.]
620. List in Sec. Williamson's handwriting of the Lieutenants
and Ensigns of the Barbadoes [Sir Tobias Bridge's] Regiment.
Mallet and Morgan, Lieutenant and Ensign to Andros ; Billingsley
and Whitacre to Cotter ; Langford and Strode to Barrett ; and
Fenwicke and Rodney to Talbott. ^ p, [Col. Papers, Vol.
XXVII., No. 30.]
621. Report to the King, by Sec. Lord Arlington's order of the
officers of Sir Tobias Bridge's late regiment, now pretending to
lieutenants' and ensigns' commissions. Capt. Thos. Mallett went
over a captain, was wounded on St. Christopher's, and in April
1668 quitted the regiment, and desires a lieutenant's place. Capt.-
Lieutenant John Painter went in that capacity, continued with the
regiment, and stays in Barbadoes. Capt. John Rodney, went over
lieutenant, was made captain in 1668, left those parts llth June
same year, and desires a lieutenant's place. Lieut. Peter Fenwick
went over lieutenant, and so continued. Lieut. Rupert Billingslie,
went over lieutenant, so continued, and desires a lieutenant's
place ; as does also Capt. Abraham Langford, who went out
adjutant and muster master, was on St. Christopher's, and came
twice to England for the regiment. Abednego Mathews went
ensign, so continued, and now stays behind. Henry Crofts, went
ensign, was cashiered by court-martial, but by intercession of the
Deputy Governor restored. Thos. Morgan went ensign, continued
still so, and now desires to be continued. George Stroud, went
sergeant, was made lieutenant, came home chief conductor of the
200 soldiers on board the Noble Catherine, and desires to be ensign.
See Memorandum of Commissions, 30 March 1672. Endorsed by
Williamson, Barbadoes Regiment, the Officers, "1671." 1^ pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 31.]
622. Memorandum of the case of Capt. John Rodney, of the
Barbadoes Regiment. In 1666 his Majesty sent forces to Barbadoes
under Sir Tobias Bridge, when Capt. Rodney quitted the Guards,
where he had served seven years under Sir P. Howard, to go lieu-
tenant to Major Andros ; but 15 months after had a commission
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES, 259
1671.
for a company of foot, which he kept till the regiment was disbanded
in July 1671. The truth of this will appear by the muster rolls
and commissions. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 32.]
1671? 623. Warrant for the establishment of four companies of foot.
Each company to consist of 80 men, besides officers, to be taken from
the regiment raised for the service of Barbadoes in the late war with
the Dutch, and now on their return to England, and for the grant
of 5s. per day to Edmond Andros, late major of the regiment, to
commence from the day of their landing. .Draft, with corrections,
by Williamson. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 33.]
624. Warrant for an establishment of four companies of foot.
Not to exceed fourscore men in each, besides officers, out of the
regiment of Barbadoes lately disbanded, about 340 men of which
are shipped and on their way home, in expectation of his Majesty's
declaration that they might be entertained in his service. Each
company to consist of one captain at 8s. per diem, a lieutenant 4s.,
ensign 3s., two sergeants Is. Gd. each, three corporals and a drummer
Is. each, and 80 men 8d. each, total charge for one company
3?. 15s. 4id. per diem, and for four companies 11?. 6s. per diem.
Edmond Andros as major to be allowed 5s. per diem, total, 15?. 6s. 4d5.
per diem for the four companies or 5,575?. 5s. 4>d. per annum.
See Memorandum of Commissions, 30 March 1672. Signed by
the King and countersigned by Lords Arlington and Ashley and
Sir T. Clifford. 2 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 34.]
Sept. 14. 625. The King to Major Andros. Whereas the regiment of foot
raised in the time of the late war with the Dutch and transported
to Barbadoes has been lately disbanded, with a declaration that so
many as desired it might be transported into England at his
Majesty's charge and entertained in his service, his Majesty being
pleased as a particular mark of acceptance of the good service per-
formed by the said regiment to re-establish it, constitutes him major
of the said regiment. See Memorandum of Commissions, 30 March
1672. i p. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. XXXV. A, p. 28d]
Sept. 14. 626. Mem. of commissions to Capts. Talbot, Cotter, and Barret
to be captains of the Barbadoes Regiment. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas.
II., Vol. XXXV. A., p. 29.]
Sept. 14. 627. Mem. of commissions to Thomas Mallet to be Lieut, to
Uarbadoes. Major [Andros], Rupert Billingsley Lieut, to Capt. Cotter, Peter
Fenwicke Lieut, to Capt. Talbot, and Abraham Langford Lieut.
to Capt. Barret (in the Barbadoes Regiment). [Dom. Entry Bk.,
Chas. II., Vol. XXXV. A., p. 29.1
Sept. 14. 628. Mem. of commissions to Thomas Morgan to be Ensign to
Major [Andros], Charles Whitacre Ensign to Capt. Cotter, John
Rodney Ensign to Capt. Talbot, and George Stroud Ensign to
Capt. Barret (in the Barbadoes Regiment. See 30 March 1672,
where are alterations in Major Andros' and Capt. Talbot's Lieut,
and Ensign. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. XXXV. A., p. 29.]
R 2
260
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Sept. 18.
London.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Sept. 18.
London.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
629. Lord Ashley to Sir John Heyden. Has sent by this con-
veyance a small chest with three locks directed to Sir Jo. Yeamans,
marked C. A., which his Lordship wishes sent to Ashley River in
Carolina by the first opportunity. Gives him many thanks for all
former favours. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48,
No. 55, p. 94.]
630. Lord Ashley to Sir John Yeamans. Is very glad he is at
Carolina. Shall expect good success to their new settlement when
it shall be countenanced and conducted by so judicious and worthy
a person. Has therefore sent him a commission for Governor, and
relies upon his being firm and industrious in settling the govern-
ment established. Recommends him to make a port town upon
Ashley River ; directions to choose the ground ; the place now
planted in is so moorish it must needs be unhealthy and bring great
disrepute upon their new settlement, whereas a town in a healthy
place will give more reputation, security, and advantage to the
Lords Proprietors than ten times that number of people scattered
about the country. When he has chosen a place for the town he
must lay out six colonies about it to make a precinct, and none of
the Proprietors' seignories or of the nobility's baronies must be
intermixed It is necessary he lay out the great port town into
regular streets, for, be the buildings never so mean and thin at
first, yet as the town increases in riches and people the void places
will be filled up and the buildings will grow more beautiful. If
he design six score squares of 300 foot each, to be divided one from
the other by streets and alleys, it will be a good proportion of a
town, and let no man have above one of those squares to one house,
and to each of those squares let there be allotted four score acres
in the same colony and four hundred in some of the other five
colonies of the same precinct. Those that build first to choose
their lots and shares first. Their great street cannot be less than
one hundred or six score foot broad, their lesser streets none under
sixty, their alleys eight or ten foot. A pallisado round the town,
with a small ditch, is a sufficient satisfaction against the Indians.
There is a necessity to leave a common round the town, so that no
enclosure may come nearer than the third part of a mile to the pal-
lisado. This will add conveniency, beauty, and security to the place
and will afford room to enlarge or better fortify the town hereafter.
He may for the present, when he has designed and measured both the
town and the common and men's shares, give leave to the inhabitants
to make use of this common to plant, sow corn (sic), or make gardens,
for the better clearing of the place if it be encumbered with wood.
Not to grant any man a lease for longer than 7 years, so it may
all at the end of that term be a common for the cattle of the
town, every square of which is to have its proportionable part
for feeding. By the Fundamental Constitutions there is to be one
port town upon every navigable river, where all people are bound
to lade and unlade, and the Proprietors have obliged themselves to
grant only one port town upon a river for 31 years. Recommends
him to take care of the lesser townships in the several colonies,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 261
1671.
and that the houses be placed both orderly and conveniently
together, so as their nearness to each other may be a security.
Find by the experience of both Virginia and Maryland that men
will expose themselves to the inconvenience and barbarism of
scattered dwellings in unknown countries. If any man has taken
land found convenient for a town he must of necessity give way
and be provided with another place. T!ie Lords Proprietors trust
him with this, ancl measure all their future expectations from him
by this, that in settling this their first port town he seek only the
public interest and let no private design engross the land which is
likely to hinder the speedy building and increase of the place.
Desires to hear from him as often as he can. 3 pp. [Shafteslury
Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 55, pp. 94-97.]
Sept. 20. 631. Warrant to the Attorney-General. Whereas Capt. Hubbart
Whitehall. nas seized the ship James of Belfast at Nevis, which ought to be
condemned under the Act of Navigation as not being a free ship,
his Majesty's pleasure is that he prepare a Bill to pass the Privy
Seal containing a grant to Louis, Marquis Blandford, Sir Charles
Wheeler, Bart., Governor of the Leeward Isles, Col. John Strode,
Farmer of the Customs in the Leeward Isles, and Col. Stapleton,
Governor of Montserat, of all his Majesty's part of the tackle,
apparel, furniture, and lading of the said ship for their own proper
use. \ p. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. IL, Vol. XXXIV., p. 117.]
Sept. 21. 632. Pardon to George Robinson, gentleman, convicted of perjury
in the Court of King's Bench, upon his answers in the Court of
Chancery, to a Bill of Complaint exhibited against him and
others by one John Annand concerning a plantation called Hil-
cotts in Barbadoes, and of all pains, forfeitures and other pro-
ceedings. [Dom., Chas. IL, Docquet.]
Sept. 21. 633. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Ordered, that the
St. Jugo do la Marshal go en board every vessel on coming into harbour, and
receive all letters from the masters and passengers which they
are not willing to deliver themselves, or if no body else that is
known be there to demand them, and having drawn them all
into a list to give a receipt for them ; and distinguish what are
received from the master and what from the passengers, set it
up at the Post House in town, and at the Market Place at the
point ; and to receive 3d for every superscription, and give in
his own bond for 5001. Ordered, that Gabriel Martin, on his
petition, have the sole privilege to hire horses from Passage Fort
to town and back, and have horses always ready for all persons
from sunrising till 8 at night, upon any extraordinary occasion
to receive 2s. for every horse left at town or Passage Fort, and
3s. if the person rides back, and 4s. for a side saddle or a
double hor.se, and to give in good security. Petition of George
Holmes, gentleman, to the Governor and Council. That peti-
tioner put in one Humphrey Thurston, commander of his ship
the Port Royal, of 30 tons, to sail to the Bay of Campeachy for
logwood, but Thurston, contrary to his instructions, made of the
ship a man-of-war, took a Spanish ship of 40 tons, laden with
262 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
silk, wine, new Spanish cloth, and other goods, fitted her out of
the said man of- war, and having laid the latter up as a wreck
which was really worth 300?., in January last carried the ship
in the fleet for Panama, and being entertained by Admiral Henry
Morgan, sailed with the fleet to Changra, where following the
Admiral into the river, Thurston was forced into the breakers,
and compelled to run ashore ; but though the Admiral received
1,000?. for his ship, and promised to indemnify all others that
had lost ships, according to articles signed by consent of the Ad-
miral, Captain Edw. Collier, Captain Lawrence Prince, Captain Thos.
Haines, and others. Petitioner received no satisfaction ; prays that
said Admiral may appear before their Honours to answer the
premises. Ordered, that Admiral Morgan appear before the next
Council to answer Dr. Holmes in the premises, that such order
may be made as shall be agreeable to law and equity. 4 pp. [Col.
Entry Bk., No. XX XIV, 231-235.]
[Sept. 22.] 634. Petition of Edwyn Stede, Provost Marshal-General of
Barbadoes, to the King and Council. Has lately by petition set
forth the ruinous condition of the common prison in Barbadoes,
with his great expense for a year and a half in maintaining a guard
to watch the prisoners, beseeching his Majesty's order for rebuild-
ing the same, and his Majesty referred his said petition to the
Lords Commissioners of the Treasury to examine and report. The
last ships of this season will be ready to sail for that island by
the end of October next, and petitioner with them ; so that it will
be impossible for the Lords Commissioners to examine petition and
report to his Majesty, so as to have the same confirmed before the
ships are gone ; nor will any more ships arrive at that island till
about Lady Day next. Prays therefore that the whole matter may
be referred to the final determination of the Lords Commissioners.
In margin, "Rec d and read Sept 22, 71." 1 p. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVII., No. 35."]
Sept. 30. 635. Lewis Morris to the Lord Arlington.
Barbadoes. MY FRIND,
FOR so in truth I Can Call thee being maed so by a Pouar Devin
and not by Merrit, or seking. For I was as a Strangar in a strang land
opprest by a weked and unjost Man who had hoeps of enriching himselfe
by my Ruing undar the pretenc of Eiet and layed that to my Charg I was
not guilti of and becaus I could not swear and break the comands of Christ
he hoeped to facilitat his weked desines undar the pretenc of Justis but the
Great God that knue my Enosenti gave me favor in thy Eyes by which in
shortar time then usall I obtaind a Dismetion acording to the Justis of
my Caues the expediting therof I holy attribut to the Enflueuc of thy
favor for which as in Dutie bound I retorne Prayes to God and thankes to
thee as the Enstrument by which I was Delivared from unResnable men
I doe not troble thee with this to Bag Moer but Gratfully to thanke thee
for what is past For though it May prove a hindrance from thy Moer
waity affaires yet Cannot but Lat thee knoe my thankeffulnes a Mesuar
wherof will Rest in me waching an opartuniti to Manifest it self whilest
I Remain LEWIS MORRIS.
Barbados the last of the 7th, 1671. '
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 36.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 263
1671.
Oct. 1. 636. Richard Browne to Joseph Williamson. Since his last
Jamaica, three weeks since they have but little news, only that a timber ship
from Barbadoes was cast away in a hurricane off the Deseadas.
From Tortuga they are advised of a French man-of-war cast away
on Hispaniola, and that a Bristol ship, Taylor master, was seized
by three French men-of-war, but M. Ogeron, the Governor, would
not admit them, so they give out that they will take her to St.
Christopher's or some other island. No news yet of the Assistance
and Welcome. Begs him to give Sir Thos. Lynch and Col.
Freeman thanks for the favours he receives. Sends humble service
to his Lordship and Serjeant Knight. Endorsed, Rd. Feb. 167|.
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 37.]
Oct. 4. 637. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. Present, the Deputy
Governor and four of the Council. Ordered, that writs issue to
be published in the several parishes the 22nd and 29th instant, for
the election of an Assembly on the 30th, to meet at the Bridge
Town on Tuesday, the 31st instant. | p. [Col. Entry Bh, No. XI.,
193, 194.]
Oct. 9. 638. Sir Thos. Lynch to Joseph Williamson. Has written by
Jamaica. every opportunity, but never received a syllable from Whitehall,
though the securing Chas. Modyford might have ruined him if he
had not had advice of it accidentally before his father. Hopes to
hear how Sir Thos. Modyford is received and his own proceedings
liked, and what he shall do about cutting wood at Campeachy. It
is where no inhabitants are, and the only trade they now have for all
their cocoa walks are dead or blasted, and there is no sugar. Causes
all the men to be sworn that they have not stolen it or used any
violence against the Spaniards. The Assistance is gone into the
bay after a privateer that robs all, with letters to the Spanish
Governors to assist with brigantines. Expects every day the
Welcome from St. Jago de Cuba. Finds it will be easier to live
by the Spaniards than the French. Thought the King's command
to be civil to the French was because the King of France had
declared that his ordinance commanding all to be seized that
appeared on any of his coasts in America did not intend the
English. However, as formerly advised, about ten weeks ago he
sent a sloop to Tortuga with French prisoners they had redeemed,
and at Le Petit Guanoa four French men-of-war made prize of her,
but the Governor was so ashamed that he sent her back with part
of her cargo. At her return four or five more French prisoners
hired her, but coming to Tortuga found the biggest of the frigates cast
away ; the other frigates paid no freight, but pressed the vessel to
work ten days at getting up the guns without a farthing considera-
tion. They left a Bristolman of 80 tons in possession of the men-
of-war. Communicated to the Governor his Majesty's commands
grounded on the French King's explanation of that ordinance in
our favour, and the answer is the sending the orders the Commander
of that squadron has, by which, if allowed, all our vessels will be
taken that go home by the back of Hispaniola. Sends the
Governor's letter, the merchants', and Sir T. M's. As for the patach
264 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
he complains of, it did come with letters for Sir T. M., and, on
pretence of the seamen selling tobacco, was condemned and sold
something too severely : his Council were all of opinion that it
ought not to have been done, but not willing to asperse the late
Governor left it to Lynch, and the Governor has the patach
restored, and lends his agent 30, to fit her for Tortuga. Many
people murmur at him for this and the respect he seems to
have to all French and strangers. When the sloop returns
from Cuba will send the depositions, but in the interim begs
positive directions, for had he command for it, lie could soon take
satisfaction for this injustice and insolence. Poor Major Tolhurst is
dead. Has been to Windward to take a view of the truops, and
intends to Leeward as soon as these dead rains are over : then
their Lordships shall have lists of the militia and accounts of the
plantation and people, and, in about three months, a most exact
map of the island. One Capt. Diego, with Sir Thos. Modyford's
commission, took a small Spaniard and sold her at Tortuga ; intends
to write to have him sent down hither. There was likewise a
Fleming taken off the Havannah, going to fish for wrecks in the
Gulf of Bahama. Encloses,
638. I. Instructions for the Sieur de Villepars, Commander of the
ships Mazarin, San Sebastian, Petite Infante, Belle Isle,
and Aurora, sent by the (French) King to the French
islands in America. To apply himself to three principal
ends : first, to protect the trade of the King's subjects ;
second, to assist M. d'Ogeron, Governor of Tortuga, in
reducing to obedience the King's subjects on the coast of
San Domingo ; and, third, to chase away all foreigners from
the French islands ; and, whether the inhabitants of the
said coast be in obedience or revolt, to give chase to all
strangers offering to land or come near the said island and
coast of San Domingo, to seize and deliver them to said
Sieur d'Ogeron. Collated with the original on board the
Mazarin, the 14th July, and at Tortuga, the 3rd Oct. 1671.
French. Together 4 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII.,
Nos. 38, 38. i.]
Oct. 10. 639. Sir Tobias Bridge to Sec. Lord Arlington at Court. Sent
London. 200 soldiers in the ship Noble Katherine, Capt. Bond, commander,
10 days before he left Barbadoes. They were disbanded according
to his Majesty's directions, and their accounts stated with all justice.
They landed on Thursday last [5th] at St. Margarets, and marched
to Gravesend. Has seen Capt. Cotter and other officers, and their
order for reception, and given them the best advice he could.
They were to muster on Monday last. Sixty and odd more are daily
expected on board [Capt.] Ferryman. Begs excuse for not having
paid his duty to his Majesty at Newmarket, having been here
seven or eight days ; it was nothing but his indisposition as to
health. Hopes to be able to wait on his Lordship in two or three
days, and meantime throws himself and the other disbanded men
on his Lordship's protection. Re-directed " at his house at Ewston
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 265
1071.
Hall, in Suffolk, near Thetford. Frank Edm. Sawtell." 1 p. [Col.
Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 39.J
Oct. 14. 640. Sir Thos. Lynch to the Earl of Sandwich, President of
Jamaica, the Council of Plantations. Wrote at large by the vessel that
carried Sir Thos. Modyford, and since to Mr. Slingesby, and by
all occasions to Lord Arlington or Mr. Williamson. Does not find
it easy to have account of the militia ancf plantations, the parishes
being large and ill bounded and not well peopled. Fell ill of a
contagious fever the very day Sir T. M. sailed. Has taken account
of the regiments and plantations eastward as far as P[or]t M[oran]t,
and intends to do as much to leeward. Has found nothing so
disorderly as the method of granting and surveying land ; for Sir
T. M. gave 30 acres per head to any that gave security to bring
on their complement in two years, which has occasioned the taking
up oi ? 100,000 acres without a farthing of rent to the King or a
foot planted ; Sir T. M. giving liberty to all kinds of surveyors
to survey has caused so many mistakes that Lynch has appointed
nine surveyors, allotting them particular quarters, with the enclosed
instructions. Has likewise given them a general scale, and they
promise in three months to make a more exact description of the
island than ever was yet. In all the parishes on the south side
there is not a foot of land to be had for church, King, or public ;
all is appropriated after so disorderly a fashion that the town of
Port Royal is rendered unhealthy for want of streets and public
commodities, nor is there hardly left landing places ; and there is
neither house, land, nor conveniency for the King or his ministers.
Has bought a house dear, and must give 15s. per acre for poor
land seven miles off for a provision plantation. These orders have
respect most to the north side ; for the future intends no patent
to be given but to actual planters, all wood lands to pay 40s. per
1,000, and no land to be granted on bond. Does not find that
300,000 which Sir T. M. granted at Id!, per cleared acre bring in
the King 1501. per annum ; durst not now charge it more, but
supposes that in six months' time the other halfpenny may be
laid, but without their Lordships' orders shall dare do nothing.
Has begged their Lordships' advice about the logwood cutting,
which he connives at, as the Spaniards do. There are no priva-
teers out now but one Yhallahes, after whom has sent the Assist-
ance, with orders to make examples of those rogues. One named
Diego lately brought a Fleming and the Advice of Carthagena into
Tortuga, where have been four French frigates, the biggest now
cast away, which have seized all vessels that come near that coast,
according to the King's letter. Has done the French all the
civilities imaginable, restored the Governor's pattach, and released
from the Spaniards all the French he could, and the very sloop sent
up with them they made prize of, and have now a Bristol man.
Has sent Mr. Williamson the letters, affidavits, and French Kind's
orders to seize all ships that approach the coast of San Domingo and
Tortuga ; if this be not restrained our passage by the back of His-
paniola must be left, nor will the corning down on the south side
266 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1071.
be long safe. Are likely to live better with the poor Spaniard, for
two days since came the Welcome from St. Jago de Cuba, where
the gentlemen he sent were 12 days nobly treated ; they could
contract for no merchandise, the Governor and people being at
variance, but had liberty to buy provisions. Had thought to have
sent the Welcome to Tortuga to demand this privateer, but dare
not, fearing some dispute might arise, that might lose her or ruin
me. When he has his Lordship's advice shall be more resolute.
Endorsed, Rec d from Sir" Charles Littleton, 20 th Feb. 1671(2).
2 pp. [Col, Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 40.]
Oct. 17. 641. Fran. Benson to Joseph Williamson, at the Court at New-
market. The enclosed (wanting) will at large inform him of the
pretensions of the French to Canada in 1614, when Mons. Buisseau
was Ambassador ; his late Majesty having consented to the restitu-
tion of the fort and habitation of Quebec. In 1634 the French
took an English ship, Capt. Phillips, at Tadousac, and judged it
lawful prize, the French King having prohibited trade except to
the Canada Comp., his own subjects. The sentence to be altered
if the French might have free trade in Virginia. Difference
between the Kings' respective rights. Wish of M. Fouquet to have
the matter accommodated. Sir Peter Wyche had read over one
book of Sir Isaac Wake's letters. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII.,
No. 40*.]
Oct. 21. 642. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Ordered, on considera-
St. Jago tion of the many abuses and law suits daily arising from the
de la Vega. jg norance an( j multiplicity of surveyors, each of whom has liberty
to survey in all parts of the island, that Mr^Inyons be appointed
sole surveyor for the parishes of St. Katherine's and St. John's,
Henry Wornel of the Point and Clarendon, Jas. Wornel of St. Andrew's
and St. David's, Mr. Rugg of St. Thomas, Mordecay Rogers of St.
George's and St. Mary's, Mr. Whiston of St. Ann's, Mr. Robinson of
St. James's, and Mr. Wytter and Capt. Scanter of St. Elizabeth's,
and that they take no more than three halfpence per acre of the
planters, paying the charges of the hands, and do their utmost to
serve the country faithfully ; in default of which they shall be pre-
sentable at sessions, and be fined 101. to the King and 10Z. to the
informer. Instructions for Francis Inyons, surveyor of the parishes
of St. Katherine's and St. John's ; not to presume (on penalty of
20?.) to exact more than three halfpence per acre, nor to run into any
man's land, nor project any lines where it is possible to be run out.
To consult with the surveyors for adjoining parishes, and make the
inland bounds of said parishes as distinct as possible ; and having
done so, to take from the clerk of the patents copies of such plots
within said parishes as are not in his hands, and make them, with
such as he shall survey for the future, into two books, which lie
must keep fair, and on demand give his Majesty's Receiver an
extract thereof, that lie may know how to demand his Majesty's
rents. To advise the Clerk of the patents what land there is to take
up, giving the quantity, quality, and conveniences thereof, that new
comers may knowSmmediately where to settle. To preserve in
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 267
1671.
every parish 400 acres of good land for glebe, in such places as he
and the chief of every parish shall think fit, where churches or
towns may come to be built ; and to survey for his Majesty's use
2,000 acres in each parish, in two or three parcels, returning the
survey to the Clerk of the patents to be recorded, and for this and
the glebe land the Governor will order him satisfaction. To advise
the Receiver of land long taken up and unemployed, or having no
proprietors, or escheated to the King, and also where the land laws
are broken, especially such as do not clear their lines ; and where
there is great overplus in any run of land, to inform the Governor
on penalty of 20/. To lay that order first that first comes to hand,
without respect to poor or rich, and if he cannot immediately survey
the place chosen, to enter it, and not presume to lay any post order
on that place. To mention how much- wood land and how much
savanna in the return of his plots. To take special care not to run
out any harbour, port or bay, but reserve what is requisite for
building churches, court houses, towns and fortifications. Not to
divide any small order of 80 or 100 acres into two or three parcels,
as divers hunters have done to have pretence only to keep others
from hunting till their order is out. And further, whereas there
are many differences and law suits between planters, by reason the
lines between their lands are not sufficiently cleared and known,
on every survey made, to summons owners of land adjoining to
appear and show their lines and clear such as are not sufficiently
opened, returning into the Quarter Sessions any that shall disobey.
Similar instructions to be delivered to all Surveyors. Ordered, that
whereas there is nothing more for the benefit of the island than
that everyone's exact property be known, whereby good neighbour-
hood is preserved and law suits and differences about bonds
(? bounds) prevented, that all planters and proprietors of land
within six months clear their lines, and do the same once every
year from that time for ever, on penalty of being presented at
sessions and fined 20s. per 100 acres, provided that where lines join
the Proprietors shall clear to halves. And because several not upon
the island are Proprietors of great quantities of land, their attorneys,
factors or agents shall be obliged by this order. And wliereas if
there be not a day fixed in each parish, some persons might possibly
run their lines into another man's land, ordered, that every Gustos
Batulorum appoint a day for the first six months, and the same
annually every sessions. JH^is order was read and published at the
Grand Court held at St. Jago, the last day of October 1671. And
also the following order, "Whereas nothing could give more satis-
faction to strangers inquisitive of the nature, conveniences and
situation of this island, or be of so great use to the present
planters, as an exact map of the whole island, perfectly de-
scribing all the mountains, valleys, rivers, and settlements, ordered
that each of the nine surveyors make an exact description of his
own division which may afterwards be reduced into a larger scale,
and if they want any help that they apply to two Justices of
Peace, who are required to give them assistance, to be paid out
of the Parish stock. Order, that whereas several merchants and
268 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1G71.
masters of ships passing- between the point and the town of St.
Jago, have Buffered great inconveniences from the badness of the
horses and furniture, Gabriel Martin is appointed Post Master with
privilege of supplying horses from Passage Fort to Town and
back, in accordance with instructions hereto annexed ; and those
used to let horses are forbidden to do it unless with allowance
from said Post Master; his instructions. Order published at the
Grand Court at St. Jago the last Tuesday (31) in October 1671 :
On consideration of the great want of money in this island,
occasioned by making it current below the intrinsic value, and
so much beneath the standard of all their neighbours, that it
advances 20Z. per cent., whereby their produce is not so much in
demand, which has infinitely retarded the settlement of the island ;
ordered that pieces of 8 and half pieces of 8, being Pillar,
Seville or Mexico, be raised to os. and 2s. Qd., and all other
Spanish money of that coin proportionably, and that doubloons,
now passing at 16s., be received current at 20s. ; this advance to
begin within six mouths after date. Ordered on petition of the
English merchants against the trading of the Jews, that an exact
account be taken of those Jews that produce their Letters of
Denization, and the Council will advise what to do with those
that have none. James Barkly sworn Deputy Secretary. Ad-
journed to 26th inst. 14 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., XXXIV., 235-
249.]
Oct. 22. 643. Mem. of a warrant for 218 muskets, 114 pikes, 218 bando-
Barbadoes. Hers, 344 swords, 344 belts, 8 halberts, 4 partisans, 4 drums, powder
bullet and match proportionable for the Barbadoes regiment.
\_Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. //., Vol. XXXV. A., p. 29.]
Oct. 25. 644. Grant to Alexander Culpeper of the place of Surveyor-
Genera] of Virginia by himself or his deputy during the King's
pleasure. [Dom., Chas. II., Docquet.']
Oct. 26. 645. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Order, published at
the Grand Court of St. Jago the last Tuesday in October (31) 1671 :
"Whereas by the immoderate use of unlawful gaming many mischiefs
daily arise, both in the maintaining several idle and disorderly
persons in their lewd and dishonest course of life, and in the cozen-
ing and debauching many young gentlemen and others to the loss
of their time and fortunes, ^hereby they are disabled from making
any settlement in the island, and few escape a prison or being
made servants in a very short time: Ordered, that all persons
keeping public houses of gaming, or permitting it in their houses,
shall be presentable at Sessions, and on conviction fined 10l. } or more
at the discretion of the Justices, one third to the King, another to
the parish, and another to the informer ; and those known to be
common gamesters shall be likewise presentable, and to pay double
the money they have won, to be distributed as before, and recovered
without e.soin, wager of law, or protection, in any Court of Record,
or by Order of Sessions. Any person winning money at any game
by fraud or using false dice, shall forfeit double the money so won,
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 269
1671.
to be recovered and disposed of as before, and be further punished
as a cheat at the discretion of the Justices. All bonds, bills, promises
to pay, &c., made by any person losing money at play or in betting
shall be utterly void. Provided that it is not intended to restrain
masters of families and others being known to be men of at least
2,00()Z. estate in the island from innocent diversion in said games,
but if any other person whatsoever shall adventure and lose any sum
above 40s. at cards or dice, all persons concerned shall be subject to
an information and to penalty as aforesaid ; provided that if the person
that lost complains first, he shall not only be excused from any
information brought against him, but shall recover ta his own use
one third of the fine. And all constables and other officers shall
make search in the watches where such gaming houses are suspected
to be kept, and arrest as well the keepers as the persons resorting
thither, and keep them in prison till they shall have found sureties
no more to keep or frequent said houses. Ordered, that the Provost
Marshal proclaim same twice in some public places, and that every
Gustos Batulorum take care that the Clerk of the Peace read it
openly every Sessions, so that the country being met together, may
the better understand and observe it. Order, to be proclaimed by
the Provost Marshal and read every Court day or Sessions at Port
Royal. Order : Whereas several seamen shipped abroad do con-
trary to their contracts frequently desert, drawn thereto by the
variety of voyages offered them here, and to have some present
money to pay debts contracted on shore, whereby merchants and
masters are put to great distresses, many voyages disappointed, and
seamen put upon demanding extraordinary wages which the mer-
chants and masters are compelled to comply with ; ordered, that
no seaman be hereafter trusted above 5s., and that whosever trust
them further or retain them, shall not only lose his money, but be
liable to be proceeded against by the Act for retaining men's ser-
vants, seamen being hereby declared to be accounted only as servants
All alehouse keepers, attorneys, and solicitors encouraging seamen to
sue their masters or captains in order to free themselves, shall be
presented and punished at the discretion of the Justices, as also any
master or captain inveigling or enticing away any seaman belonging
to another vessel before lawfully discharged. Ordered, on reading
Dr. Geo. Hume's petition, that the whole matter be referred to
common law. 6 pp. [Col Entry Bk., XXXIV., 249-255.]
28 Oct. 646. Col. Francis Lovelace to [Jos. Williamson ?]. Thanks for
Fort James, that light of intelligence he vouchsafes to favour them with,
without which they were in Egyptian darkness ; it is some satis-
faction to hear what is acted in the theatre of their native country.
Is sorry he cannot repay him in his own " quoine," here occurring
nothing worthy his view, only those parts, over which he is
constituted by his Royal Highness superintendent under him,
seems to smile in a hopeful and thriving condition, their harbour
being fuller with shipping than ever was known since the discovery
was made ; a little countenance from their mother would refresh
them much, of which they can in no ways despair, having so worthy
270 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
a patron as he to represent their condition to his Majesty and his
Royal Highness. P.S. Desires his service to his good Lord
Arlington, whose perfect servant he is. Endorsed, " For your self."
Reed. 22 Dec. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 41.]
Oct. 647. Journal and relation of a new discovery made behind the
Apuleian mountains to the west of Virginia. A commission being
granted by Maj.-Gen. Wood for finding out the ebbing and flowing
of the water behind the mountains, in order to the discovery of the
South Sea, Thomas Batts, Thomas Woods, and Robert Fallam,
accompanied with Perecute, a great man of the Apomatock Indians,
and Jack Nesan, formerly servant to Maj.-Gen. Wood, with five
horses, set out from Apomatock Town, in Virginia, Sept. 1st, 1671,
and that day travelled 40 miles due west from the Okenechee path ;
on Sept. 2 they travelled 45 miles ; and on Sept. 3, 40 miles ; Sept. 4,
arrived at Sapong Town, where they were kindly entertained, and
hired a Sapong Indian for their guide to the Totera Indian town ;
Sept. 5, went to Hanahaskie, Indian town in an island of the
Sapong River, Richland, 25 miles from the Sapongs ; Sept. 6, left
Thos. Wood sick of a flux, and travelling over hilly and stony
ground, dangerously came on the 8th to a tree marked with a coal
MA NI ; Sept. 9, reached the Totera Indian town in a very rich
swamp between a breach and the main river of Roanoke ; Monday,
Sept. 12, leaving their horses set forward afoot ; and, Sept. 13,
came to trees marked as before ; climed a mountain, whence they
had the pleasing but dreadful sight of mountains and hills piled
one on another, passed rich but stoney ground, pleasant hills, brave
rich meadows with grass above man's height, and several times
passed a great river; Sept. 14, from the top of a hill saw a curious
prospect of hills like waves rising one behind another, and Mr.
Batts supposed he saw houses, but Mr. Fallam rather took them
for white cliffs. Perecute continued very ill with ague ; Sept. 15,
lived a dog's life, hunger and ease, for the Indians could kill no
meat, yet they ventured forward; Sept. 16, the Indians brought
some exceedingly good grapes, and killed two turkeys and a deer,
and they had sight of a curious river like the Thames against
Chelsea; Sept. 17, the Indians being impatient of longer stay, they
proclaimed King Chas. the Second, and marked four trees, the first,
0. R., for his Majest} r , the second, W. B., for the Governor, the
third, A. W., for Maj.-Gen. Abraham Wood, and the last, T. B. :
R. H., for themselves, and P. for Perecute, who said he would be an
Englishman, and on another tree are letters for the rest. Found
the river full as broad as the Thames at Wapping, with falls much
like those of James River, in Virginia, and imagined it flowed about
three foot; fearing the Indians would leave them they returned
homewards, and from the top of a hill saw westerly, over certain
delightful hills, a fog and a glimmering light as from water, and
suppose there may be some great bay ; came to the Toteras on
Tuesday, and found a Mohetan Indian who was sent to inquire if
they were come to fight with them ; he informed them " they had
been from the mountains half way to the place where they now
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 271
1671.
lived, and that the next town beyond them lived on a plain level,
from whence came abundance of salt," but any Indian that went
down never returned, and that a very great company of Indians
lived upon the Great Water ; Sept. 21, left the Toteras, and the 24th
came to the Hanahaskies, where they found Mr. Wood dead and
buried, and the 25th reached the Sapongs, the 27th, Apomatock
Town, and Oct. 1st arrived safe at Fort Henry. Endorsed, " 1671.
Rec d March 1687, from Dr. Cox." Printed in New York Docu-
ments, HI., 193-197. 20 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 42.]
Oct. 648. Nine Acts and two Petitions made at a General Assembly
held at St. Maries (Maryland), the 10th day of October, in the 40th
year of the Dominion of Coecilius, &c., AD. 1671, the titles of
which are as follow : (1.) An Act for explanation of one clause
in an Act entitled an Act prohibiting the importation of all
horses, mares, geldings, and colts into this Province, with an
additional amendment therein. (2.) For marking highways and
making the heads of rivers, creeks, branches, and swamps
passable for horse and foot. (3.) Prohibiting all sheriffs, sub-
sheriffs or deputy sheriffs, all clerks, sub-clerks, or deputy clerks to
plead as an Attorney in any court or courts within this Province
where he or they shall bear such office. (4.) For stay of executions
after April Court. (5.) For the killing of wolves. (6.) Limiting
servants' times. (7.) For the preservation of orphans' estates.
Petition of Matthias Dewsta, of St. Maries. Petition of Hans
Hansun, Cornelius Comegys, and others. (8.) An Act for the reviv-
ing of certain laws within this Province, and (9.) for the payment
of the public charge of this Province.
Mem. These laws passed the Great Seal the 27th day of October
1671. Philip Calvert, Can. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. L1IL, pp. 224-
255.]
Nov. 1. 649. Minutes of the Council of Barbadoes. Present, the
Deputy-Governor and four of the Council. Ordered, that an
Assembly be called to meet at the Bridge Town, on Tuesday, the
21st instant, and that writs issue to be published the 12th and
19th instant, the Assembly to be chosen on the 20th. p. [Col.
Entry Bk., No. XL, 194.]
Nov. 9. 650. Minutes of a Council of War. Present : Sir Thos.
St. Jagode Lynch, Governor, 12 of the Council, and Majors John Cole-
aVega. b anc k, Wm. Beeston, Sam. Barry, and Whitegift Aylemore, and
Colonel Gary, Captain of the Fort. Declaration of the Governor
that on consideration of the advices come of preparations by the
Spaniards to invade the island, and that divers ignorant and
malicious persons have refused to obey their military officers on
pretence that the Act of Militia is not of force, it is hereby de-
clared that said Act is and shall be of force, and all persons are
commanded to take notice thereof at their peril. Ordered, whereas
nothing can be more for the safety of the island than that the
regiment of horse be well armed and mounted, and for that since
the Act of Militia the price of horses is much raised, whatsoever
272 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
trooper shall appear on an exercising day with a horse under
the value of 101., shall be subject to the penalties the Act
mentions, as if the horse were not worth 51. Order to call a
regimental court-martial, and put in execution the Act of Militia,
ordain places of rendezvous, and times of exercise, and in case of
invasion publish and put in execution all the Articles of War,
and in fine order within the precincts of the regiment what shall
be for his Majesty's service, and the safety of the island. Ordered;
that the appearance of five ships make an alarm, and Colonel
Thos. Freem.-in take care to give it from Windward to the
Point ; that the chief officer at Port Royal, on pain of death, send
it on to Lygonee and St. Jago ; and that it be carried from town
to Major-General Banister, who is to give it to Major Collier, and
he to carry it on to Lieutenant-Colonel Ivey. Ordered, that on
the landing of any enemy, the chief officer residing in every
quarter, be fully empowered to act at his own discretion .till he
receive orders from his superior officer. Ordered, that the chief
officer residing in Port Royal have, in case of invasion, full power
to burn or pull down any house, press ships, and do anything
for the preservation of the place, and be indemnified by this order.
4| pp. [Col Entry Bh, XXXIV., 256-260.]
Nov. 13. 651. Proposal of Robert Mason to the King. That if the King
grant to him the importation of 300 tuns of French wine free of
all customs, he will sell to the King his patent of New Hampshire
in New England. Signed, Robert Mason. The above said wine
to be imported in three ships nnd no more, and before the arrival
of the said ships, said Robert Mason will make oath before the
Commissioners of the Customs. The quantity laden in such ships
to be brought into the Port of London and nowhere else. Read
in Council, 13 Nov. 1671. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII.,
No. 43.]
Nov. 16. 652. Minutes of the Council of Plantations. Lord Arlington
reported that Mr. Slingsby having been with him to mind him to
move his Majesty about sending Commissioners to New England
he had done so, and it was thought fit by the King to defer the
consideration thereof, the season being past.
Dec. 18. That Mr. Slingsby do speak to the Lord Keeper, the
Attorney -General, and others of the King's Council, to know their
opinion on the reference formerly made to them about the patents
granted to the Massachusetts, the reservations therein to the King,
and the boundaries of the colony. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII.,
No. 44.]
Nov. 17. 653. Warrant to Sir John Robinson, Lieutenant of the Tower.
Whereas his Majesty understands that Sir Thos. Modyford, Bart.,
late Governor of Jamaica, is brought pursuant to his Majesty's
command into this kingdom, he is to receive and keep him close
prisoner iu the Tower for several misdemeanours committed during
the time of his government. 4- p. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II.,
Vol. XXXIV., p. 121 <?.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
273
1671.
Nov. 17.
(Nov.) 17.
The Jamaica
Merchant.
Nov. 20.
Jamaica.
Nov. 24.
654. Warrant to deliver Sir Thos. Modyford to the Lieutenant of
the Tower. Mem. only. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. XXXIV.,
p. 121 <?.]
655. Sir Thos. Modyford to (Sec. Lord Arlington). Begs his
Lordship to represent to his Majesty that on 25th June he re-
ceived his Majesty's despatch of 28th February last, commanding
the delivery up of the government to Sir Thos. Lynch, with a
letter from Lynch from on board the Assistance frigate. Where-
upon he immediately sent orders to Major Banister and his son
to deliver to him the town and castle of Port Royal, observe his
orders and publish his power ; and next day he brought him his
wife and his family, with a troop of horse and five coaches, to his
own house in St. Jago, and published his power and the revoca-
tion of his own. From that time to the 12th August Sir Thos.
Lynch and his family lived under his roof, and received all the
assistance he could give. About 10 days after his arrival Sir
Thos. told him his Majesty expected him in England, but he
might chose his ship ; whereupon, being part owner of this vessel,
he resolved to embark on her on the 22nd August, to which Sir
Thos. Lynch consented. On 12th August Lynch invited him on
board the Assistance, and showed him his Majesty's order to send
him home a prisoner; to which he submitted, desiring only to.
have his passage in this vessel, which Sir Thos. Lynch consented
to, ordering a guard of 12 to secure him there. Must confess that
Sir Thos. Lynch executed these orders with as much civility as
the nature of them would bear, though with more caution than he
needed, and he assured Modyford that his Lordship bid him tell
him that the proceeding was formal only to give satisfaction to the
Spanish interest, and there was no intention to prejudice his person
or estate, which he publicly repeated to his great consolation. Finds
in a book lately printed his Lordship's general promise of protec-
tion to the late Duke of Albemarle's domestics, and is willing to
promise himself (the same ?) on account of the great kindness the
Duke had for him. This lieutenant and the bearer with their
whole party have been very civil to him according to Sir Thos.
Lynch's orders. Endorsed, ] 7th Nov., &c. 3 pp. [Col. Papers,
Vol. XXVII., No. 45.]
656. Warrant to Sir John Robinson to discharge Charles Mody-
ford [from the Tower]. Mem. only. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas II.,
Vol. XXXIV., p. 122.]
657. Order of the Council for Plantations. That the Earl of
Lauderdale be desired forthwith to report to his Majesty their
opinion upon Sir Chas. Wheler's proclamation concerning St. Chris-
topher's, and to acquaint his Majesty with the way that Sir Chas.'s
letter and proclamation came to the Council, as also that within
10 days there will be a ship ready to go to the Leeward Islands,
that his Majesty may with speed make his pleasure known therein ;
and that Mr. Slingesby be desired to deliver to the Earl of Lauder-
dale copies of Sir Chas. Wheler's letter and proclamation, with the
opinion of the Council to be presented to his Majesty. Mem. to
51912,
274 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
mention the 4 per cent. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XCIV., 108,
109.]
[Nov. 24.] 658. Report of the Council for Plantations to the King, on the
proclamation lately published by Sir Chas. Wheler in the West
Indies, and proposed by him to be published here. To the 1st article,
That what devastation the French have made on the English lands
[in St. Christopher's] since the first demand of restitution ought to
have been insisted upon by Sir Chas., at least so far as to have been
laid against any pretences of melioration ; besides it will be impos-
sible for the Proprietors to provide and pay their money " forth-
with." To the 2nd, Do not find he has power to impose any
such conditions, and apprehend it repugnant to common reason
that the planters who by the war were rendered indigent should
lose their plantations on that very account, nor is it possible for
them to stock their plantations till growing profits enable them
to purchase negroes. To the 3rd, As concerns the French, no
payments to be made but such as are personal and ought not to
be charged by a public levy, which would much discourage the
planters' return ; the second part of that article is well known, and
is no way fit to be part of a Proclamation, which should be
intended to invite the planters. To the 4th, He has no power to
make any such distinctions. To the 5th, He has no power to
impose any quitrent on the old planters, much less to increase or
decrease it according to his judgment of their merits. To the 6th,
Though latitude is left him to shorten the year and a day agreed
on between the two Crowns for the return of the English, yet it
was not to be done unless without much inconvenience to the old
planters, which they must necessarily incur by the short time of
three months. On the whole apprehend these articles tend appa-
rently to the discouragement of the planters' return, and are directly
repugnant to the 8th Article of his instructions, which enjoins that
no man's freehold shall be taken away or harmed but by established
laws not repugnant to those of England. Signed by Sandwich,
President, Lauderdaill, Arlington, Rich. Gorges, Tho. Grey, H.
Brouncker, W. Alington, John Finch, Hum. Winche, S. Titus, and
H. Slingesby, Secretary. Annexed,
658. I. Sir Chas. Wheler to Col. Strode, Governor of Dover Castle,
at his house in the Piazzo in Common Garden [sic]. En-
closes a publication to be published on the Exchange, and
at Bristol if his Majesty sees fit in all respects. Nevis,
St. Bartholomew's Day (24th August) 1671. Whereas his
Majesty's sovereignty in the island of St. Christopher's
was on T 5 ^th July last restored by M. De Baas, Lt.-Gen.
to the King of France, to Sir Chas. Wheler, and Articles
interchangeably signed pursuant to the Treaty of Breda ;
Sir Chas. Wheler, by the advice of his Council, has erected
a court of claims to be held the first Monday in October
next, on St. Christopher's, to receive the claims of all his
Majesty's subjects having any right, title, interest, or
propriety to any estate in the island, and to restore to all
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 275
1671,
their just rights under the Articles of Peace at Breda, and
on such considerations as shall tend most to his Majesty's
honour and interest and the future security o.f his sove-
reignty in the said island. To the intent therefore that
his Majesty's subjects who have returned for England or
transported themselves elsewhere may not return to meet
with conditions that may disappoint them : 1. That all
who have sold their interests to the French must forthwith
repay the purchase money, otherwise any other of the
English may repurchase, or the French be confirmed in
their estates. 2. All who shall repurchase or be restored
must sit down on their estates with proportionable stock,
otherwise the same will be permitted to others of his
Majesty's subjects who can put on sufficient stock, because
it will be impossible to preserve his Majesty's sovereignty
without hands. 3. An equal levy must be made for
satisfying the French demands on any Article of the
Peace at Breda, and for all other public expenses. 4.
Those counselling or acting in the rendering of the King's
subjects and sovereignty to the French must not expect
the like advantages with those who did their duty. 5.
Every one shall hold his estate to which he shall be
restored by a quitrent to his Majesty, according to his
merit or demerit, as a recognition of his Majesty's grace
in their pardon and restoring them to their estates, which
by the high misdemeanour of some, and cowardice and
folly of many others, they have forfeited. 6. To those in
England, Europe, Virginia, Jamaica, Carolina, Bermudas,
or New England three months shall be allowed to put in
their claims, and for Barbadoes and the Caribbee Islands
one month after the publication hereof. Together, 4 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., Nos. 46', 46 i.]
Nov. 24. 659. Copy of the above letter and Proclamation which were
delivered by Col. Strode to Mr. Slingesby, 10th November 1671,
and by him communicated, on 13th November, to the Council, who
after several days' consideration agreed to the Report to the King
of 24th November. [Col Entry Bk., No. XCIV., 91-94.]
Nov. 25. 660. The King to all Admirals and other officers, &c. Whereas
Capt Hubbert has seized the ship James of Belfast at Nevis, which
by virtue of the Act of Navigation has been there condemned and
is in the hands of Sir Chas. Wheeler, Bart., Governor of the Leeward
Isles ; and whereas his Majesty has granted to Louis Marquis of
Blandford, Sir Chas. Wheeler, Col. John Strode and Col. Stapleton
(see ante, No. 631) his share of said ship, and they have besought him
to make the said ship English ; his Majesty by these presents
naturalizes said ship and wills that it be registered by the Commis-
sioners of Customs and a certificate thereof granted accordingly.
2 pp. [Dom. Entry Bk., Chas. II., Vol. XXXIV., pp. 127 and 127 $.]
Nov. 27. 661. Report of the Earl of Lauderdale to the Council of Plan-
tations. On presenting their opinion on Sir Chas, Wheler's Procla-
S 2
276 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
mation to his Majesty at the Foreign Committee on the 26th inst.,
it was resolved : That the Proclamation be wholly disowned, and
that the Council for Plantations forthwith consider and prepare
what may be fit to be done for undoing what Sir Chas. Wheler has
done, and preventing the ill consequence it may have to the settle-
ment of St. Christopher's. And that another Governor be forthwith
found out and instructions prepared for him. ^ p. [Col. Entry
Bk., No. XCIV., 94, 95.]
Nov. 28. 662. Minutes of the Council of Jamaica. Whereas his Majesty
has adjusted a Peace with his Catholic Majesty in America, and
strictly commanded the Governor to release all prisoners ; and
whereas abundance of suits and disputes have arisen about freeing
Indians, negroes and mulattos, the Governor and Council having
considered how advantageous it would be to have those useless and
dangerous persons sold, which will bring money to the island to buy
better of our own merchants, and Major Bees ton and Capt. Read
having, per order, treated with the Governor of Cartagena for 80 pieces
of 8 for each Spanish negro, said Governor promising to send hither
for them, but since it appears he expects them to be sent to him ;
Ordered, that all persons give account of all Spanish negroes they
have and of what age, sex, and country they are, on pain of being sent
prisoners to the Council for contempt. And all persons interested are
hereby assured it is not intended that one of said negroes shall be
commanded out of their hands without securing to be paid within^two
months for every sound negro above 12 years 80 pieces of 8 or 20
doubloons, and under 12 years the moiety. And it is ordered, that
Major-Genl. Banister, Li- Col. Ivey, Major Ant. Collier, and Capt.
Wm. Parker take account of the parishes of Clarendon and St. Eliza-
beth ; Lt.-Col. Coape, Lt.-Col. Fuller, and Major Almore of
St. John's ; Major Jno. Colbeck of St. George's, St. Mary's, St. Ann's
and St. James's ; Col. Ballard, Lt.-Col. Byndlosse and Col. Moles-
worth of St. Katherine's ; Col. Modyford, Lt.-Col. Freeman, Lt.-Col.
Byndlosse, Capt. Molesworth, and Major Beeston of Port Royal ;
Lt.-Col. Whitfcild, Major Barry and Capt. Brayne of Lygonee ; and
Col. Thos. Freeman and Capt. Ryves of St. Thomas's and !St. David's.
Ordered that writs be issued for choosing an Assembly to meet at
St. Jago 1st February next, and that three be chosen for St. Kathe-
rine's parish. 2| pp. [Col. Entry Ek., No. XXXIV., 260-262.]
Nov. 29. 663. Sir Thos. Lynch to Sec. Lord Arlington. Refers to his last
Jamaica. to Williamson. Again earnestly begs for directions how to live by
these French ; endeavours to keep a good correspondence with them.
Has pressed the Governor of Tortuga to send down Thurstone and
Diego, " two of our men-of-war," and has sent the Welcome after the
latter to the Isla de Vaca, with order if possible also to intimate the
Peace to the Governors on the Main. The Assistance is to Leeward
after a pirate that has been robbing them all. Has sent for both
of them, for by merchants' letters from Spain, Holland, and London
they are advised that the Church and Grandees of Spain have
undei taken to reduce this island with 36 sail and 5,000 men. Only
fear the port ; the island, in probability, is as safe as England. Has
had a general council of war, and resolved to defend that place to
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 277
1071.
the last man, and on his own credit, the King or public having no
money, is fitting the fort the best they can. Has bought stores of
rosin, oil, &c. for fireships, and hired a frigate of Bristol at 901. per
mensem to go to Carthagena with prisoners, and discover what they
are doing. This noise of war makes him more strict in observing
the Peace, people being too apt to wish for a rupture to satisfy their
own particular designs, and cannot think it is for the Spaniards'
interest to break it, lest we should bring the war again into their
quarters. Will never do this without positive directions, " for 1
had rather sustain the charge of the whole nation in Jamaica than
<'f one ambassador in the Tower," though he is told it will check
these people mightily to know they must only fight like baited
beasts within the length of their chain. Supposes there is no danger,
because no one from Court has written a syllable of it, but will be
glad to know whether such an invasion would not give them liberty
to offend the enemy, without further order from his Lordship.
Has answered all Mr. Secretary Slingesby's inquiries at large, and
remitted to the Master of the Ordnance and to him the account of
all arms, ammunition, &c. ; as also, to the Lords Treasurers, Sir
Thos. Modyford's accounts with some little remarks, for here they
think he has placed to the account of this revenue many thousands
of pounds he ought not. Has likewise sent Mr. Slingesby the rolls
of the militia, and numbers of Port Royal, with a petition against
the Jews ; but only troubles his Lordship with the President of
Panama's relation of " that fatal business." His wife was brought
to bed of a son (Charles) five weeks ago : " she has not been able to
govern Daniel, but he is in my family still with an ingenious gent
that serves me as secretary, and will, if possible, teach the boy to
write better." 2 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 47.]
Nov. 664. Extracts of letters from Carolina in Locke's handwriting,
viz. :
Owen to Sir Peter Colleton. Ashley River not so large as at
first imagined ; good land about it ; abounds in salmon trout, very
Shaftesbnry big flounders, tench, and sturgeon. Very tall cypress trees on the
banks. Wando thought to be the better river ; likelihoods of a
plentiful harvest notwithstanding drought. Want clothing for
half the people. Winter begins end of October and spring in
February. But four sick in a year of ague or fever, and all
recovered.
Mathews to Sir P. Colleton. Same news as in his letter to
Lord Ashley [see ante, No. 610].
Coming to Sir P. Colleton. Two hundred families ready to
remove from New York to Ashley River, will give one third of
their cattle to transport the rest. Want a fly boat of 300 tons
to transport people and cattle and carry pipe staves to Barbadoes,
which will clear herself. The Blessing like to be laded back with
people and cattle, a ship of 100 tons going with them from New
York to Carolina. Mr. Foster has bought a sloop of 30 tons to
load cattle at Virginia for Ashley River. The Barbadians endeavour
to rule all. Want sails and a suit of colours.
278 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Nov. Dalton to Sir P. Colleton. A sloop of 150 tons going from
Barbadoes to Ashley River with passengers. The place healthy
and begets a good stomach. Rainy season March and July, mode-
rate showers at other times once a week ; a crop of peas and corn
from the same ground in a year. In want of provisions of tools
and clothes and seeds of all sorts and books of husbandry.
O'Sully van to Sir P. Colleton. Complaints of Governor West and
disorders about the Surveyor-General's place. Sir John questioning
the goodness of those titles whose lots are not set out lay the
Surveyor-General. Another malapert expostulatory letter about
his survey orshi p.
Coming to Lord Ashley. H. Wentworth will accept the Govern-
ment if the Lords Proprietors admit of his proposals. Sir John
Yeamans hath bought in Virginia 100 head of cattle for Carolina.
Bermudians likely to remove to Ashley River if they could have
passage when their tobacco and provisions are out of the ground.
Halstead to Lord Ashley. Desires to know what to do with
three letters directed to Col. Sayle from his Lordship and one from
Sir P. Colleton. West is a person faithful and stout, but no good
Governor. Col. Kingsland or Col. Morris recommended to be
Governor. Sir J. Yeamans disaffected as too selfish ; intends to
discover the rivers of Carolina ; suspects Ashley River to be only
an arm of the sea. Woodward sent by Sir John Yeamans to
Virginia by land. Wants a deputation for himself. The Spaniards
at the Havannah intend to disturb the settlement next summer.
In want of a fly boat strong and well fitted for a close fight.
Godfrey to Lord Ashley. Has been sole manager of the Lords
Proprietors' plantation since 1st March 1671. Twenty acres of pro-
visions planted ; ginger and indigo planted destroyed by drought
and the seed lost. The Indians say such droughts not usual.
Gagging one of their enacted punishments. Great stirs about
calling a Parliament. O'Sullyvan no Surveyor. Desires to be
Survey or- General. A divine and physician. Cattle and horses
would turn to great profit. Sir J. Yeamans intends to stay all
the winter ; hath brought negroes and expects more. The number
of Deputies to be kept up and their power not to determine in two
years.
Sir J. Yeamans to Lord A.shley. West proud and peevish ; denied
a Parliament for fear his election or actions should be questioned.
Sir P. C. writ the Proprietors were sending 300 people. Tobacco
seven years custom free will draw the Virginians. Sent word to
Virginia that from Carolina they could carry their goods whither
they would. M.any rich men like to remove from Barbadoes.
Gray, an active man, hath brought a good stock. He and the
Barbadians at Carolina intend to have a ship of their own. Queries :
1. Surveyor-General to be chosen by Governor and Council. 2nd.
Also Deputy and all other officers. And 3rd, How those shall be
employed that sell their land.
J. West to Lord Ashley. Calendared, see ante, No. 612.
Mrs. Sayle to Lord Ashley. Desires some consideration for her
husband's service, something being promised by Sir J. Yeamans.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 279
1671.
Nov. Godfrey to Sir P. C. Has received eight servants on Sir P. C.'s
account and 16 on the Proprietors'. Has planted 25 acres of corn,
some potatoes, and peas. The new comers all sick of the bloody
flux, occasioned by the green corn. Indigo, ginger, tobacco, cotton,
potatoes, yams, and peas grow well. Sir J. Yearn ans, Owen, Gray,
Matthews, and O'Sullyvan are the contrary party to the Governor
West. Want of drums, spear heads, cords, snares, braces, and
colours.
West to Sir P. C. The place very healthy, some of the last
servants sick of the flux through eating green corn. Want of a
set of smiths' tools, drums, field colours, carpenters, sawyers, and
a cooper, a stock of cattle from New York, horses, and a plough.
Indigo as good as grows. Commends Godfrey for a good planter
and honest man, who intends to go higher up the river, and they
two not to part this year.
Halstead to Lords Proprietors. Rectifies his former accounts
about the servants. Escaped the poll money at Gravesend by his
commission. All the passengers gave bond for 61. in three years
except Ed. Mathews, who refused till arrived at Carolina. Three
servants dead. Received by Sir J. Heydon kindly. Patent and
commission delivered to H. Wentworth. Intends to be at Bar-
badoes January next. Capt. J. Darell and Capt. F. Tucker in
Bermudas very civil. Capt. DareH's proposals for victualling.
Refused to pay port duties at Bermudas because of his commission.
Darell's proposals. Beef, 11. per cwt. Fish, 8s. per cwt. Butter,
6d. per lb. Candles, 7d. per lb., to be delivered at Bermudas.
Freight to Carolina, 40s. per ton. Live cattle of one year's growth
at 3. per head, to be delivered at Charles Town.
Halstead to Lords Proprietors. An Indian killed by Fitzpatrick,
about whom Sir J. Yearnans and West had a hot contest. Sus-
pects both Sir John and Gray to have a hand in the Indian's
death. To be paid by the colony 521. a month for his voyage to
New Jersey in pipe staves at three farthings apiece. Coming a
good and careful seaman, ready and active to give direction, for
this coast. Pipe staves should be set at a low rate to draw
customers and trade. Intends to shift mates for the increase of
pilots. For a sea mark a buoy is wanted and constant sounding
at the charge of the colony, a fishing town, and a look-out to pilot
in ships. Has sold 80 bushels of peas at prime cost for pipe
staves at \d. apiece, having no instructions to deliver them to
the Governor, to get intelligence, and to raise a stock. Requests
that orders be given to the Governor and Council to assist him
in the discovery of the country, and Coming and Culpeper to attend
him. In want of paper books, paper, ink, quills, small arms, iron-
work, clothing, &c. Will be at Barbadoes in February. The
Governor and others at New York troubled at the inclination of
the people to Carolina. Ten per cent, customs and a hard winter
makes them weary where they are. Desires his commission from
the Duke may be continued, which is of great use to him. Also
answer to Berry and Morris' letter, and copies of the laws and
concessions to be dispersed in New England and Virginia. A fly
280 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Nov. boat will give reputation to the port, carry 120 cows and 50
passengers, sail with 18 hands, and carry 100,000 pipe staves,
which will people the country and stock it and get in the debts in
pipe staves without charge. The tiy boat to be at Barbadoes the
middle of June. In barter for cottons, serges, &c. there is to be
had at New York beef and pork at less than Id. per lb., bread at
8s. per cwt., peas at 20rf. per bushel. H. Wentworth dead at
Barbadoes, where Halstead intends to be the end of February, from
thence to Carolina with passengers, and at Barbadoes again middle
of June, thence to Carolina with passengers, rum, and molasses,
and thence to New York, and so on. A considerable quantity of
ginger, indigo, and tobacco fit for the market of England to be
expected in three years in Carolina. Expects the Lords' orders in
Barbadoes. Ninety -six passengers delivered at Ashley River. From
New York they will carry 14 cows and mares, all the Blessing can
carry, and 30 passengers ; another ship with them carries 50 cows
and mares and 20 passengers. Two hundred families ready to
remove from New York if they had convenient transportation.
Shall be necessitated to draw bills in April. Desires letters to
Morris, Sanford, and Berry to be directed to Mr. J. N. Tollife in
Boston, and a copy of the butcher's bill to be sent to him.
Governor and Council to the Lords Proprietors. The stores have
been well disposed of, and care shall be taken for repayment. The
town surrounded with a creek, the banks bold that ships ride by
it, the farthest house from the town two miles off, the ground about
it 3,000 acres. They will search for a convenient seat for a town.
Charles Town seated high and healthy. What sickness hath been
amongst them hath been occasioned by want of other conveniences.
An Indian after divers insolencies slain ; satisfaction made to the
Indians about it. The Blessing sent to New Jersey for provisions,
to be paid for at 52L 13s. per mensem in pipe staves at three
farthings. The present Council: Gov. West, Sir Jno. Yeamans,
Mr. Godfrey, Mr. Bull. Owen, Gray, Mathews, Portman, Hughes,
and Marshal. Will follow instructions, and think next years they
will have an overplus of provisions. Want of two or three ships
to carry goods and passengers, negroes. New York cattle, stores of
peas, corn and flour, Irish frieze, bandel linen and broges, nails of
all sorts, stock locks, hoofs and hinges, drums, colours, small arms
and fine powder, draft of arms for the judicature, a bill of 100 Ibs.
weight. For Indian trade hats and beads, blue and white, some
great ones. Carpenters, and boats of 20 feet in the keel. A piece
of Vitry canvas, a coil of inch rope, 1 2 hand lines, fishing hooks and
lines, and a set of gunsmith's tools. 4 pp., very small and closely
written. [Skaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 77.]
Nov. 665. Extracts of letters from Carolina in the handwriting of
John Locke, viz. :
Gray to Lord Ashley. Intends to discover Cooper River, which he
thinks the better, but Edisto River best, which is fresh 12 miles up,
Shaftesbury anc j j s 15 f ee t ^eep at low water. In want of boats for discovery.
Ashley River navigable for sloops of 20 tons CO miles from the mouth.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 281
1671.
Nov. Better land and better timber up the river. The sides and bottom
of the river rock of sandstone. Pleasant hills and valleys, and large
dry Savanas, with very good grass. He chose land for himself, but
was denied it by the Governor. West accused for commanding
Scrivener and Mathews out of the Council, and for declaring he cared
not what became of the Government. The want of a good Governor.
The country very good.
Mathews to Lord Ashley. Calendared, see ante, No. 610.
Culpepper to Lord Ashley. Promises a draught of the rivers
thereabouts and description of the land [see Nos. 666-668], The
draught he hath sent of Ashley River no more for want of a boat
and men [see No. 667]. Stone River runs into Edisto River, which
has a better entrance than Ashley River. The land high and fruitful,
and the water fresh.
Jos. West to Lord Ashley. Calendared, see ante, No. 612.
Jos. West to Lords Proprietors. Has received the Blessing's
cargo. Most want of clothes. All comers depend upon the Pro-
prietors' supply, and expect five years for payment for which con-
cessions were produced under Sir P. C's hand ; the people refused
to give bonds, but by order of Council gave receipts in the book and
are to pay 10 per cent., but as yet hath received nothing. It was
Col. Sayle's fault that the Carolina went away without the timber,
which was then ready. Desires instructions concerning those that
die in debt to tlfe Lords Proprietors as to their lands and goods.
Godfrey and West cannot part till the crop is in, which is much
more than they expected. Halstead disposed of above 100 bushels
of peas to the old Standers, who had less need of them to the Pro-
prietors' disadvantage. Promises an account of stores. The pines
being pitch pines and ponderous not good for masts. Want boats
for discovery. Complains of Woodward being sent away by Sir
John Yeamans.
Culpeper to the Lords Proprietors. Sent a draught of Ashley
River and promises a perfecter. No place that he hath yet seen on
Ashley River fit for a town. Wando River he thinks hath, which is
reported to run up broad a great way.
Berry, Morris, and Sansford to Lords Proprietors. Intending to
remove from Virginia to Carolina. Propose a fly boat drawing
12 feet water and at least 5 feet between decks. To carry cattle at
one-third, the owners providing meat and water for them and their
persons carried free, they providing their own victuals. Many
inclined to remove from Virginia to Carolina.
Manning to T. Colleton. Proposes to furnish provisions and
cattle to be delivered at New York. A cow under five years 40
gallons of rum, a cow of three years 30 gallons, a mare to breed or
draw 50 gallons. Bread and flour per cwt. 10 gallons, sheep, goats
and hogs 10 gallons, 19 ewes and a ram 80 gallons, and a yoke of
oxen 70 gallons of rum.
Brigs to Halstead. Many ready to remove out of Virginia, but
want transportation. Some are frightened with the remembrance
of Cape Fear. 1 pp. [Skaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle
48, No 77.]
282
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Shaftesbury
Papers.
Dec. 1.
Dec. 6.
Bilbao
Plantation,
Barbadoes.
666. Map or plan in colours showing the course of Ashley,
Cooper and Colleton Rivers, also Charles Town, Waping and Comings
Point, with a scale of 10 miles. Parchment. [Shaftesbury Papers,
Section IX., Bundle, 48, No. 73.]
667. Culpeper's draught of Ashley River. This map or plan
shows the situation and size of the plots of land abutting on Ashley
River, each one of which is lettered, with a key to same thus, A, Sir
John Teaman's land 70 acres. Also the situation of Charles Town,
and the names of the several points and creeks, and where they run
to. Size 24 inches by 18 inches on a scale of five English miles.
[Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 71.]
668. " Culpeper's draught of the Lords Proprietors' Plantation.
Corolina, 1671." This plot represents the shape and form, the
larger of 340 acres of land which, by warrant from Gov. Jos. West
and his Council, John Culpeper, Surveyor-General, measured and
laid out for Anthony Lord Ashley, Sir Geo. Carteret, and Sir Peter
Colleton, three of the Lords Proprietors ; the smaller draught for Sir
Peter Colleton and partners containing 60 acres or thereabouts. The
first warrant dated 5 May 1671 ; the second warrant dated 5 Dec.
1671 ; said parcels of land abutting and bounding on each other and
on other men's plots whose names are mentioned and as is herein
represented. Certified by John Culpeper. Endorsed by Locke as
above. Size, 30 inches by 18 inches. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section
IX., Bundle 48, No. 79.]
669. Writ signed by Sir Thos. Lynch, Lieut.-Governor of Jamaica,
in the name of the King, to the Provost Marshal of Jamaica, or his
lawful deputy. Requiring him to make publication in the parish of
Clarendon of his Majesty's pleasure that an Assembly be convened
on 1st February next, and on the 25th inst. to proceed to an election
of two of the fittest freeholders to serve in said Assembly for said
parish, to which election all freeholders in the precinct are to be
admitted to give their voices. To give notice to all Justices of
Peace in that parish, and the constables to all freeholders ; and see
that the election be freely and indifferently carried without faction
or interest ; and on penalty of 501. make a true return to the Govr.
and Council at their first session after such election. With certifi-
cate annexed, and the hands of six or seven principal freeholders ;
and to take care that none but freeholders who have taken out their
patents give their voices. l pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XXXIV.,
263, 264.]
670. Nicholas Blake to the King. Sends copies of his letters of
20th Oct. 1670 and 5th Jan. last (see ante, Nos. 298, 383), because,
though the originals have been many months in London, does not
think they have been presented, not having money so plentiful as to
procure them admission ; and 'tis pity but such addresses should
come speedily to his Majesty's knowledge, which would encourage his
loyal subjects to proceed, or put their minds at rest. Judges what
he proposed will be to his Majesty's honour and profit, and of some
advantage to him ; but if his Majesty decline it, will attribute it
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
283
1C71.
Dec. G.
Barbadoes.
Dec. 6.
Barbadoes.
Dec. 6.
Barbadoes.
Dec. G.
Barbadoes.
to a cross influence of fate which uses to keep persons of ingenuity
low, while fortune seems to come to others sleeping. Looks on his
Majesty as the sun and himself as a shrub overshadowed by larger
trees, and if not transplanted to enjoy the sun's beams, will never
be a cedar, but remain a shrub to his dying day. Has taken the
boldness to relate most of the passages concerning Sta. Lucia to
H.E.H., with whom he intercedes that these papers may come to his
Majesty's view. If harkened to, the next December will be the
best time for his Majesty's ships to arrive here ; and the cure of these
things may best be committed to some able and honest merchant,
who will be able to give account of all transactions. Together, 7 pp.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 48.]
671. Minutes of the Assembly of Barbadoes. Letters this day
sent to his Excellency, the Gentlemen Planters in London, and
Thos. Henchman (chosen solicitor) ; with two petitions to his
Majesty, for obtaining the uses of the 4J per cent., and preventing
the imposition like to be laid on sugars ; and duplicates of the
Assembly's letters of 1 6th June to his Excellency and the Gentlemen
Planters. | p. [Col Entry Bk., No. XIII., 86.]
672. The Assembly of Barbadoes to Lord Willoughby (in
London). Have not received any letter from his Excellency since
their last of 16th June, a duplicate of which is enclosed ; but are
still mindful of his kindness in the prevention of the great imposi-
tion that was like to be laid on them, and assure him that if that
imposition be laid on their sugar, and that on foreign sugar not
raised proportionably, they are all undone, and many will be forced
to seek some other way of living. Signed by Simon Lambert,
Speaker. p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XII I., 86, 87.]
673. The Assembly of Barbadoes to Thos. Hinchman. Have
several times received friendly advice from their fellow planters in
England, how they may most aptly proceed for the interest of his
Majesty and welfare of this place and people. Desire him to solicit
before his Majesty's Council and all committees concerned, what shall
be given him in charge for them, and to return account thereof on
all opportunities, and refer him to their letter to their said fellow
planters, and have ordered 100. to be paid to him, besides necessary
charges, for his pains for one year. Signed by Simon Lambert,
Speaker. 1 p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XIII., 91, 92.]
674. The Assembly of Barbadoes to the Committee of Gentlemen
Planters in London. Have received theirs of 10th June, and
hope they will persist in their endeavours to their utmost for the
well being of this island, wherein they are so eminently concerned.
Have raised nigh 800,000 Ibs. sugar for repair of fortifications, which
is mostly expended, and without their care to procure for the future
the use of the 4^- per cent, for which it was raised and intended,
they will be reduced to poverty and wholly unable to raise any
further tax, and forts and other works must fall to ruin. Their
militia by the care of their Deputy Governor is in formidable order for
opposing any foreign enemy or inbred insurrection. Hope for their
284 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1071.
endurance, taking notice that their last addresses lie under his
Majesty's consideration. Request that against the sitting of Parlia-
ment in April, they will arm themselves with the strongest and
best arguments they may against the tax on sugar, and entreat them
to take to their assistance the best counsel in the law, to preserve
their rights and their trade from further imposition. Send enclosed
petition relating to said tax to present to his Majesty. As to a
money trade to be passed into an Act, it will require time for debate.
By a vessel of Bristol lately arrived from Ireland are informed that
their sugars are prohibited by an Act of the English Parliament to
be shipped from Barbadoes for that place ; but can give little credit
thereto. Request if there be any such thing in agitation, timely to
interpose to prevent it. Whereas this House chose Capt. Ferdinando
Gorges for their solicitor for one year, and, on his refusal, approved
of Lt.-Col. Edwd. Thornburgh, the year being expired have according
to the rule of the House proceeded to a new election, which is
carried for Thos. Hinchman, who they desire may receive the same
salary. Have formerly sent them copy of petition to his Excellency
to be presented to his Majesty concerning the 4 per cent, and other
things ; but fearing they may be deemed to desire too many things
at once, herewith send petition for the uses of the 4 per cent, only,
being of the greatest importance. Signed by Simon Lambert,
Speaker. Enclose,
674. i. Petition of the representatives of Barbadoes to the King.
Have been informed of some motions in the last Session of
Parliament for increasing the custom on sugars, which is
the chief produce of this island. Time has so much im-
poverished their lands, that notwithstanding their endless
labours in improvements, they yet remain near barren and
unfruitful, the timber and wood made use of and destroyed,
and the difficulty in making sugar as much increased as its
value has lessened, whereby the produce is not answerable
to the necessary charge, so that without the addition of
mere, petitioners can manifest that if the large supplies
they have yielded to his Majesty's occasions during the
late war and since had not very much impoverished
them, yet now their very industry will but serve to draw
on them leisurely inevitable ruin, which is so obvious to
the most vulgar capacity that the apprehension thereof
has caused upwards of 4,000 inhabitants within the last
three years to desert the island, many of them being led
through great encouragements to settle in foreign planta-
tions. Pray his Majesty therefore, by forbidding increase
of customs, and granting some immunities of trade, to
preserve this small part of his dominions from at least swift
destruction. Signed by Simon Lambert, Secretary.
674. u. Petition of Representatives of Barbadoes to the King.
The imposition of 4^- per cent, on the produce of the island,
for support of the Government and forts, and other public
occasions necessary for its well being and safety, has been
duly paid to his Majesty's treasurers, and by his Majesty's
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 285
1671.
Governors employed for the most part to the ends men-
tioned, until Commissioners arrived empowered by his
Majesty to collect the same, who have refused to dis-
burse anything for said ends ; notwithstanding the forts
will speedily fall to decay, the prison is useless, and many
public occasions neglected. Pray his Majesty to command
said Commissioners or Farmers to perform the conditions in
the Act for the collecting of same. Together, 6 pp. \_CoL
Entry Bk, XIII., 87-94.]
[Dec. 7.] 675. Report of the Council for Plantations to the King. Have
considered, in obedience to his Majesty's commands, what may be
fit to be published concerning St. Christopher's, and advise that a
Proclamation be made to the following effect. Having understood
that Sir Chas. Wheler, Governor of the Leeward Islands, has, since
the restitution of the English part of St. Christopher's, on or about
the 24th August last, caused a Proclamation to be made to the
great discouragement of the late Proprietors and English Planters ;
his Majesty declares that said Proclamation is null and void, that
said late Proprietors and Planters shall be admitted to their plan-
tations with such stock as they can provide, but those who have
not sold to the French must return thither before the 25th
December 1672, and such as have sold to the French are to
reimburse to the purchasers the money they actually received for
their estates, within one whole year from the re-delivery of the
English part of the said island on the T \th July 1671. That no
quitrents shall be imposed, or any moneys levied, but by a public
law made by the Assembly with the consent of the Governor and
Council ; and that none shall suffer in person or estate by reason
of any miscairiages in the late surrender of the island to the
French. 1 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 49.]
[Dec. 7.] 676. Copy of preceding. [Col Entry Bk., No. XCIV., 96, 97.]
Dec. 7. 677. Minute of the Council for Foreign Plantations. That
Lord Arlington, being present at the framing the Proclamation
concerning St. Christopher's, proposed something fit to be offered
to the French ambassador, which was approved and his Lordship
charged himself to acquaint his Majesty therewith and receive
his commands. Mem. by Williamson, The 4 per cent, to be taken
off St. Christopher's for the two or three first years. ^ p. [Col
Papers, Vol. XX VII., No. 50.]
Dec. -$. 678. Sir Charles Wheler, Governor of the Leeward Islands, to
St. Christo- (Sec. Lord Arlington). In obedience to his Majesty's letter of the
pher's. fj^h March 167^-, herewith sends account of difficulties met with
at St. Christopher's since the restitution. The accompanying
paper, signed by himself and M. De Baas, was sent on the Tho.
and Benjamin of Bristol [ T 5 F Dec.], and will send a double by the
next occasion, according to an agreement with M. De Baas that
two should be sent by each of them. Remarks on " these articles
of our Treaty," and on what M. De Baas refused. The difficulty
236 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
of the greatest importance is the choice the negroes of Antigua and
Moutserrat are to have to return to the English. His Majesty's
pretence to these negroes (which number some 1,500) amounts to
near 40,000., whereas the payment for the French prisoners' diet,
&c. comes not to above G,000. The Commissioners, Col. Stapleton,
Col. Russell, and Lt.-Col. Smith, upon this difference parted the
second day and drew up protests one against the other ; upon which
M. De Baas and Sir Charles entered into it themselves. Concerning
the negroes on St. Christopher's, the English never got any but
such as ran away to them by night, and it was only yielded that
if the English could inform of any of their negroes detained in
chains, &c., they should be brought forth to make their election
within six months. Leaves him to judge how impracticable this
would be in Martinico, Guadalupa, and other French islands.
Suggestions on this subject which his Majesty may make use of in
his Treaty with the King of France. Computes his Majesty's
subjects lost about 400 negroes at St. Christopher's, of which about
100 are come in, and near 100 more may be detained by their
French masters. Has sat down with the loss of the other 200 for
peace sake, for the French were so inflamed at their negroes coming
in that when the Commissioners broke off their treaty was forced
to lie for 14 days (till M. De Baas and he entered into a new one)
in a little hole of a fort which he was scrambling to get in some
repair to mount some cannon, and M. De Baas hinted he was not very
well assured of the populace. Discusses at length the points trans-
mitted to their Majesties, with his own arguments and those of
M. De Baas, viz. : On the 2nd and 3rd Article, for reparation ; on
the 5th Article, touching the diet, &c. of the prisoners ; on the 8th
Article, remarks on the folly of the English in being aggressors in
this war, their ignorance in the conduct of it, stupidity in their
capitulation, and great honesty in suffering as they did rather than
take an oath of fidelity to the French King, for such a medley of
madness and loyalty it must be God's will in an extraordinary
manner to punish them. After it was agreed to render up the
country, and it was published that they were to take an oath to
the French King, all as one man resolved to quit all they had and
begin the world again, some in New England, some in Jamaica,
and in other places ; and whereas by the capitulation they might
sell and carry off the price of their estates, they were so mad to
be gone that they sold for the twentieth part of the value, and the
French and Dutch paid them in canvas and shoes and trumpery,
paid their debts and gave them passage by sea hither and thither.
Has only heard of two that had payment made in money, sugar, or
indio-o. The French have put in twice as much as the consideration
really was, so that where the English bring to repurchase their
estates 20,000 Ibs. sugar which they honestly contracted for, they
find in their contracts (besides that their houses are pulled down)
40,000 Ibs. ; some signed these contracts in ignorance of the French
language, and some refused, but afterwards signed, for fear of being
made prisoners. M. De Baas made him believe this is usual in
France for security against re-purchase, and they dare not make a
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 287
1671.
breach upon the sanction of a contract ; nor is this all, for many
were robbed and pillaged even of what they had thus embarked.
The decision of this is left to the two Kings, yet his Lordship may
see in the paper agreed upon that it is depending on the honour
and conscience of M. De Baas. Has done his utmost amicably to
settle all differences. Endorsed, "R. Mar. 3, 1671-2." Encloses,
678. 1. Articles transmitted by Sir Charles Wheler and M. De
Baas to their Majesties to be decided. These have reference
to the 2nd and 3rd Articles, concerning reparation to be
made to the English for all taken away since publication
of the peace, as buildings, churches, moveables, houses,
sugar works, coppers, cattle, cannons, &c. To the 5th
Article, for payment to the French for diet, medicines,
and clothes furnished to the English prisoners. To the
8th Article, for an exact account of all the English
received and enjoyed, so they repay no more for their
estates than effectively they had. To the 13th Article,
concerning negroes, whether they will stay with their
French masters or return under the English. As to those
of Antigua and Montserrat, as the English had always
possessed those islands, there could be no choice for the
negroes. Lastly, Sir Chas. Wheler does not present his
sense of these Articles which remain undecided so his
Majesty's ministers should be bound by his reasons and
excluded from making better arguments or replies. Dated
and signed at Christopher's in double, both in English and
in French, the ^gp 1671. Endorsed, "Sent by the
William of Bristol the -& Dec r 1671, Duplicate by the
Thomas and Benjamin of Bristol, the -^ Dec. 1671."
Together, 30 pp. [Col Papers, Vol. XXVII., Nos. 51,
51 L]
679. Articles transmitted by Sir Chas. Wheler and Mons. De
Baas to their Majesties for their determination. Copy of the above
enclosure. [Col. Entry Bk., XLV., 113-129.]
Dec. 9. 680. Answer of Sir Chas. Wheler, Governor of the Leeward
St. Chris- Islands, to the inquiries of the Council for Foreign Plantations (see
tophcr's. an te, No. 415. L). 1. In every island under his Government there
is a Council, which he will complete to 12, except Anguilla and
Barbuda ; Assemblies are called as the Governor sees occasion : at
present one is convened at Nevis only ; the courts of judicature are
monthly courts or quarterly sessions, the former held by the justice
of the peace of the division (always one of the Council) ; with two
of the Assembly assistants, for all suits under the value of 1,000 Ibs.
of sugar ; if they exceed that, appeal is to the sessions, where are
heard all criminal causes and matters touching the Crown ; the
Governor (or next in rank) is Judge, Chancellor and Bishop, with
all the Council on the bench, and the Assembly beneath. Council
and Assembly sit bare ; the Council speak, the Assembly when the
Governor calls on any of them, as is usual in merchants' business,
most of them having been merchants ; but judgment is given only
288 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
by the Governor. The manner of proceeding is cheap and short ; two
days are appointed for entering actions, of which all men take
notice, and plaintiff and defendant are asked whether they will
abide the judgment of the court or have a jury empannelled. After
judgment follows an execution, mentioning first the person's ready
sugar, next his grindable canes, then his person, and if after six
months' imprisonment the debt be not satisfied, his estate to be sold
at an outcry. The office of High Sheriff in England tears the name
of the Provost Marshal. 2. In Montserrat there is a Court of
Admiralty by commission or direction from the Duke, but in no
other island of his government. 3 and 4. The Book of Statutes and
Laws made here is too large yet to be made ready, but a Committee
of the Council and Assembly will abridge the statutes as much as
may be, and he will then pass them in full Council and Assembly
and transmit them to the Council of Plantations ; the executive
power is wholly in himself and his Lt.-Governors and subordinate
officers in ecclesiastical, civil and military affairs. 5. St. Chris-
topher's is in too low a condition to be taken notice of. Nevis has
a regiment of trained bands (under Col. Russell, a great support of
the Government), consisting of 12 companies and 1,200 Englishmen,
and a militia troop of 100 horse under Capt. Jas. Russell, eldest son
to the Colonel ; Antigua has a regiment of 900 English in eight
companies, under Col. Philip Warner, Lt. : Governor, son to Sir Thos.
Warner, who settled all those islands for the King, and sent out a
colony for Barbadoes ; there is no troop of horse, but a very good
and numerous breed of horses ; the English male children under 12
are 150. Montserrat has almost all Irish, and there are about 1,000
in the regiment of Col. Stapleton, Lt.-Governor ; three files are
entertained in pay for the guard of the platforms in Nevis. 6. No
castles, a platforni or two in Montserrat ; one or two in Antigua, five
in Nevis very bad, two in St. Christopher's, one called Sandy Point
Fort, about which he has laid out a little money. 7. No privateers
frequent the coasts. 8. The strength of the French on St. Chris-
topher's about 1,200, the same of Martinique and Guadaloupe; the
Indians inconsiderable, and when they break the Peace he will drive
them into the sea ; nor has he any doubt of the French, if neither of
their Majesty's send help from Europe ; has no other neighbours.
0. Has little to do with Martinique and Guadaloupe. 10 and 11.
Found 10 barrels of powder, and arms in the trained bands' hands
of their own ; stores none, nor any money paid on any consideration
of Government ; 30 pieces of bad cannon at Nevis of their own, at
Montserrat and Antigua six or eight, some of which are of Lord
Willoughby's sending. 12. Sends map of Nevis and St. Chris-
topher's ; Montserrat rock is not so big as either ; Antigua as large
as Barbadoes. 1 3. The commodities are sugar chiefly ; tobacco in
great quantity in Antigua, so much indigo and cotton that he hopes
his Majesty will favour them in the prohibition of Cyprus cotton
and East India indigo which rob England of money ; no manu-
factures, nor shall be while he is Governor, unless he has further
commands; no materials for shipping. 14. Saltpetre might be made
in abundance in Antigua and possibly elsewhere, but it must be
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 289
1671.
done at the King's charge are given to sugar and indigo. 15. No
river or harbour in all his Government but in Antigua, concerning
which he chooses to discourse apart, and therefore he is abandoned
by all shipping about the hurricane season. J6. There may be 40
parishes in his Government, to supply which he found one drunken
orthodox priest, one drunken sectary priest, and one drunken parson
who had no orders. 17. No conjecture can be made of the English,
Scotch and Irish that have come yearly to plant these seven years'
past, but there have not been six since his arrival, though 40 ships
have come and gone, nor has one black or slave been brought these
five years, the injustice of which he will further discourse of. At
St. Christopher's, Nevis, and Montserrat the air is so good that not
six have died since he came. 19. About 40 ships come yearly, chiefly
from Bristol, some few from London, Plymouth, and Liverpool, all
inconsiderable in force and burden. 20 and 21. Nil. 22. The 4f
per cent, is all the duty exported, manufacture or other trade they
have none ; nothing imported pays anything but wine, which
defrays public expenses, and if that be touched upon by the Crown,
they would presently drink none, which would endanger their
healths. 23. The 4| per cent. Col. Strode farms and collects and
pays 700Z. per annum. To the Governor of Nevis is allowed by
courtesy (as is pretended), and Sir Chas. Wheler takes it for granted
they will allow it him at the year's end, as much by the poll as is
valued at GOOl. or 700?.. per annum, and something the Lt.- Governor's
have. 24. The course taken for instructing the people and paying
the Ministry is the same as in Northumberland, and other remote
parts of the North and Wales, where there be store of impropria-
tions and men's livings of about 10. a year, but ours proceeds
from the want of ministers not for want of provision for paying them,
and want of power in the bishops to send out ; why should it be a
breach on the liberty of an Englishman to be sent abroad by the
King to preach, any more than to press a soldier or seaman, both being
warfares, and the latter of 50 times the consequence to the Crown, for
no good Christian was ever a bad subject ; and because he serves for
an University in Parliament is the more bold to affirm, that it would
be for the good of the Universities if young men, instead of retiring
to remote parts for 101. a year, and into schools to be ushers, or to
teach A B C to children, might be sent into the plantations for five
years, to have their voyage defrayed and 100Z. per annum allowed
them, and his Majesty's countenance at their return ; but because
he thinks that will not be, has obtained from the Council and
Assembly to dispose of the revenues of the Church according to
his design, provided he supplies them with preaching ministers ;
and if he does not take very wrong measures, will in a year erect
a college or two, out of which the Government shall be supplied
with pious and able men. Will now give an account of the state of
the islands under his government in one continued discourse. Has
erected a Court of Admiralty, but will not exercise his office of
Vice-Admiral without His Royal Highness's direction ; his proposals
concerning condemned ships and other seizures and rules for men-
of-war in his roads, The two men-of-war which brought Sir Thos.
U 51912. T
COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Lynch governed in Sir Chas. Wheler's roads under his own cannon
at that rate, that had it not been ridiculous for him to have a
difference with those who came to countenance his demand of St.
Christopher's, he should have put them to complain. Nevis is the
most considerable of these islands, Antigua and Montserrat sending
their freight there in shallops, and if the King has any interest in
the sugar trade it is owing to the valour and vigilance of its
inhabitants, which defended themselves against several attempts of
the French fleet and has given the King a rise for the establishment
of all that was lost in St. Christopher, Antigua, and Montserrat ; hopes
therefore for some assistance of cannon, powder, muskets, swords,
&c., for there is nothing but of their own acquisition, nor have they
ever received a shilling from the Crown, nor is it hardly known to
the King that there is such a little island as Nevis, nor how loyal
the inhabitants are, nor how unanimous in the Protestant religion,
and the practice of the English Church, which cannot truly be
said of many of his Majesty's colonies. Has proposed to raise a
good fort on the high rocky promontory of Pelican's Point, and if
the King would lay the foundation, negroes here will be spared to
do much of it ; his reasons for pitching upon this place rather than
the old fort, it will be less expense, and the town which was called
the Red Storehouse, but which he has honoured with the King's
name, will shortly have 500 men able to bear arms, which will be
secured under the fort ; and it is possible to make a harbour for
vessels of 70 or 80 tons. Nevis ships a great deal of sugar and
indigo every year, which would all be sold for the growth and manu-
facture of England, if the English merchants would do their part,
but great part is bartered for beef from Ireland and fish from New
England ; but salt salmon and other fish for the north of England
would beat out the New England trade if quantity enough were
brought for the negroes, and people would rather give 4 Ib. sugar
per Ib. for good English beef than 2 Ib. for Irish ; and should the
King oblige Barbadoes and these islands to take English beef, it
would not much hurt them, provided English merchants were bound
to furnish a quantity and quality at a standing rate ; the great
advantage this would bring the King in raising gentlemen's rents,
which would facilitate his land tax. Complains of the manner in
which English merchants trade at twice the profit the Dutch would
and give no credit, while the Dutch give a year ; neither will they
take the poor man's tobacco, nor the worst sugar. Montserrat is a
colony of Irish, and after Col. Stapleton's time his Majesty should
take care that not only an English Governor be always constituted,
but a small garrison of English kept in pay. Hopes the King will
think of Antigua; 'tis as large as Barbadoes and the best land in the
West Indies ; Falmouth and English harbours, divided only by a
neck of land, which may be cut through with inconsiderable charge,
and are so landlocked as to be out of danger of hurricanes. The Dover
Castle, which Col. Strode lets to the King for the use of Sir Chas.
Wheler's Goverment, suffered no harm though the hurricane was as
violent as ever was known which should persuade the improvement of
English harbour and settling that quarter of the island. Has already
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 291
1671.
moved that the Koyal Company may bring negroes ; at least 4,000
are wanted, for by negroes only can that island be planted till it be
cleared of wood for more health for the English. Nevis is not half
planted for want of negroes ; they should have to furnish them-
selves ; poverty cannot be objected ; wishes Barbadoes were so near
out of debt. St. Christopher's is otherwise ; will not suffer a negro
to be brought thither, but entreats his Majesty to send Englishmen
out of prisons for small debts, &c., because it cannot defend itself
but by English. Observations on the map and how the island is
quartered. At the Old Road Fort between two rivers kinds of
torrents between guts of rocks a foot deep, was Sir Thos. Warner's
seat, which Lord Willoughby bought for the Governor. Reasons
why he takes it not to be a proper seat for the Governor, he would
have a stone house built for the Governor. Has begun to repair a
fort in the English Leeward quarters near Sandy point, wherein
are two companies of English foot, bordering on the French quarter.
Suppose the French and English fall out, the former cannot march
from Basseterre to Brimstone Hill through the English Leeward
quarter. Remarks on the last war, and how Col. Reemes behaved
with 300 musketeers ; this house of the Governor's between these
precipices will prevent the like folly ; next time the English must
think of a defensive war till they have help from Nevis. Another
reason for having the Governor seated to windward, the English
quarters would be joined and the French separated. Comes now
to the difficult point of his Majesty's expense for keeping his
sovereignty in St. Kitts. Values not the Governor's plantation at
all, being confident it will not be let for 100?. per annum, but if the
King would stock it with 100 negroes, and horses and cattle to the
value of 500?. and build a house for the Governor and sugar and
indigo works upon it, all which would amount to 4,000?., it might
be reckoned a revenue of 1,000?. a year, which, with other perqui-
sites, might invite a fit man out of England to be Governor ; till
then the King must either join the Government with that of Nevis
with as at present a yearly addition out of the Exchequer, or make
a planter Governor, and lose it again when the French please ; for a
Knight of Malta is always their Governor, and there is a general
commanding, which is odds against the conduct of a planter. Has
begun the fort at Sandy Point, but it is a pitiful thing, only fit to
keep off the populace, which he feared would have forced away the
negroes, so hopes the King will think it necessary to send him some
money to make it something, as also to make a little fort at Stones
Point ; where he has placed five guns upon the ruins of a pitiful
platform, or else he must pull it down and make it a platform only
against shipping. His Majesty thought of entertaining the two
companies for one year only, but it is impossible to disband them,
or to subsist without a third, for the French delays are so unjust
that no Englishman who sold his estate has got possession, and the
French refuse the oath to the King, and will, he fears, attempt
something on him for the recovery of their negroes. There are
never less than two French men-of-war sailing from island to
island, and every moment 400 French soldiers are expected to be
T 2
292 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
in garrison in St. Christopher's, nor will the English venture
themselves and their estates on it unless they see their Governor
very confident, and without another company the island is in
danger. Hopes after two years that by the revenue of 4 per
cent, the Government may keep itself. As to Eustatia and Saba,
he demanded Eustatia of M. De Baas, but was worsted ; could
wish the King would purchase it, a particular Dutchman, Quirin-
son or some deriving from him, having the seignory of it, and
plant it with 200 English, for it lies on the back of the French
quarter at Sandy Point, within an hour's rowing. Saba is the
King's by right and should be demanded of the Dutch Ambas-
sador, for it was taken by the Dutch the same day the English
retook Surinam ; it is an inconsiderable little rock, and not worth
asking, but that 50 musketeers inhabiting there would be a thorn
in the side of the Sandy Point French quarter, and it is near
enough to Nevis for a bigger number to be set down on fit
occasion. The third company for St. Kitts should consist of 80
or 100 men ; they should be young married men with their wives,
some of whom would have encouragement to ata,y and plant.
It is impossible to raise men here ; when Lord Wil lough by
raised men in these islands upon their own expense, and by their
valour took 48 cannon, he carried them to Barbadoes ; hopes
they may be restored. 21 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No.
52.]
Dec. 9 ? 681. (Sir Charles Wheler) to (Sec. Lord Arlington). Thought
fit to put this paper into his hands apart from other business, con-
cerning the prisoners paying the expense of their diet. Desires him
to mind the King that these men were not loose men or dissolute
privateers, for there is not one in his government but substantial
inhabitants, who armed and victualled themselves, and their officers
were the very best of the country ; will the King be kinder to his
mercenary soldiers, of whose ordinary expense and ransom too he
usually takes care ? Desires his Majesty to consider the conse-
quences if he should have occasion again to make any levies in these
parts. Having done all he could in public treaty with the French
to put off the payment from the King, hopes he shall have pardon
in offering his sense in private. Endorsed, " R. 3 Mar. 167-^,"
about French prisoners. | p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII , No. 53.]
Dec. 9. 682. Sir Chas. Wheler to Joseph Williamson, Secretary to Sec.
St. Christopher's.L or d Arlington. Has no business to trouble him with, but ventures to
thank him for his civility at parting, and to ask whether that money
was brought him, which he left unpaid at his coming away ; and
prays him to send word how his endeavours to serve the King in
this affair of St. Christopher's are accepted ; has very ill luck if they
please not, for he never took so much pains in his life, and if the
King would give him the inheritance of his part of St. Christopher's,
would not have undertaken that affair, could he have foreseen the
hazard he once thought himself in, not of his life, but of his credit
in the conduct of it. Endorsed, "R. 3 Mar. 167!" &c< * P-
Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 54.]
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 293
1671.
[Dec. 11.] 683. The King to Sir Chas. Wheler, Governor of the Leeward
Islands. On consideration of the ill accidents that have befallen
ships returning from the Caribbee Islands from the want of their
associating themselves in fleets, his Majesty by letters of this date
(copy inclosed) to the Deputy Governor of Barbadoes has appointed
three seasons for ships from Barbadoes to sail for England, viz., the
last of March, June, and September, and not at any other time, and
that said fleets touch at the Leeward Islands not staying at any above
48 hours, to gather ships bound for England. Requires him not to
fail to have shipping ready against the time the Barbadoes fleet tnay
be expected, and to signify this his Majesty's pleasure to the masters
and merchants, preventing any from going before the time and
punishing any contemners of this his Majesty's pleasure in such
manner as may deter others. Dvaft, with corrections, in William-
son's hand. Endorsed, " Dec. 11, 167V 1-r PP- [Col. Papers,
Vol. XX V1L, No. 55.]
Dec. 11. 684. The King to Sir Tho. Lynch, Knight, Lt.-Governor of Jamaica,
Whitehall. Having taken into consideration the ill accidents that have befallen
the ships of his Majesty's subjects on their return from the West
Indies, chiefly through their coming scattering, his Majesty has
thought fit to appoint three seasons at which only ships are to be
permitted to return from Jamaica, viz., the 24th of March, June,
and September. He is required for the preventing of any surprise
upon any sudden change of affairs in Europe not to neglect to make
provision for the safety of the island and the protection of the
shipping there. 1-|- p. [Dom. Entry Bk, Chas. II., Vol. XXIV.,
pp. 43, 44.]
Dec. 11. 685. The King to Capt. Christopher Codrington, Lt.-Governor of
Barbadoes. Having taken into consideration the ill accidents that
have heretofore befallen the ships of his Majesty's subjects in their
return from the Caribbee Islands for want of returning in fleets for
mutual defence and at certain seasons whereby his Majesty might
give order for their security by his own shipping, his Majesty
appoints three seasons only for ships to sail from Barbadoes, viz.,
the last of March, June, and September, touching at the Leeward
Islands for ships bound thence. To notify the arrival of these
orders. The remainder of this letter is the same as the King wrote
to Governor Lord Willoughby, Nov. 16, 1665 (see previous Vol.
No. 1079), except those clauses referring to Surinam, Saba, Eustatia,
and Tobago.
Mem. This letter was sent to Mr. Bragg 25th December 1671, a
like having been sent to the Lt.-Governor of the Leeward Islands at
same time. [Dom. Entry Bk, Chas. II., Vol. XXIV., pp. 45-47.]
Dec. 11. 686. The King to Sir Charles Wheler or the Officer command-
ing in chief in the Leeward Isles. To the same effect as the
preceding, to the Lt.-Governor of Barbadoes, which is enclosed, enjoin-
ing him not to fail to have the shipping of the Leeward Islands ready
against the times when the Barbadoes fleet may be expected.
294 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
Mem. This was sent with a duplicate of the letter of same date
to Capt. Codrington to Mr. Lodge at Deal, Jan. 17, 167|. IT p-
[Dom. Entry L, Chas. II., Vol. XXIV, pp. 55, 56.]
FDec. 11.] 687. Account by Robert Mason of the commodities of New
Hampshire New Hampshire the best improved for land and most
populated of any in those parts ; abounds with corn, cattle, timber,
fish ; people generally live comfortably and happy, having a great
trade to all parts. Store of shipping of their own, exporting and im-
porting some thousands of tons of goods of their own growth and
foreign, which pays no custom to the King, but some small duty to
Massachusetts Bay, which if looked after would amount to at least
4,OOOZ. per annum. Goods exported yearly ; 20,000 tons of deal
and pipe staves, 10,000 quintalls of fish, 10 ship loads of masts,
several thousand beaver and otter skins. Imported : 300 tons of
wine and brandy, 200 tons of goods from the Leeward Islands,
2,000 tons of salt. As regards land every person would be willing
to take new leases and pay the Lord Proprietor a quitrent with a
fine according to their capacity, provided they might have a final
confirmation, which would mount up to a considerable sum. The
income of the saw-mills at Newichewanock is considerable, they
paying 200/. for privilege of common. Rec d 11 Dec. 1671. 1 p.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 56.]
Dec. 15. 688. Lord Ashley to Sir John Yeamans. Hopes he has re-
Exeter House, ceived his commission to be Governor, and that he will endeavour
to settle all things to the advantage and settlement of the planta-
tion, one main point of which is the setting down together in
towns. The Lords Proprietors have in favour of the first planters
altered their minds about the port town on Ashley River, as he
will find by their general letter, which through the little care taken
to lay it out into convenient streets at their first coming it
Shaftesbury cannot be made so exactly regular and beautiful as they wish,
apers ' yet he is desired to have the streets laid out as large, orderly,
and convenient as possibly may be, and when it is done the
houses which shall hereafter be built on each side those designed
streets will grow in beauty with the trade and riches of the
town. To prevent the like inconveniences hereafter desires he
would be early enough in choosing a place and laying out the
model of an exact regular town on the next river, and to send
the Lords Proprietors the draft of it. Intend Charles Town for
the port town on Ashley River, where they will oblige all ships
that come into that river to unlade and take in their lading,
except timber and such like bulky commodities as cannot without
great trouble be brought to the port town, and thus on all the
navigable rivers they intend to have in the most convenient
situations port towns. Looks upon him as his friend and there-
fore expects plain dealing from him, for though it was resolved
to make him Governor, yet he was making himself by the people
a little too quick. Beseeches him to trust Ashley when he
assures him that a man of his abilities doth not need nor will
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 295
1671.
find any other way successful but the direct one of serving the
Lords Proprietors and endeavouring the good of the plantation.
Is glad to hear so many considerable men come from Barbadoes,
for the Lords Proprietors find by dear experience that no others
are able to make a plantation but such as are in a condition to
stock and furnish themselves, " the rest serve only to fill up
numbers and live upon us, and therefore now we have a compe-
tent number until we are better stocked with provisions I am
not very fond of more company unless they be substantial men."
The first of his queries is answered by their appointment of Mr.
Culpeper, a man of his own approbation, to be Surveyor-GeneraJ.
To the second concerning their Deputies, hopes he will, not expect
them to be named by any but ourselves ; and to the third, if
men sell their lands it is expected that the Governor and Council
take care he pays any debt due to the Lords Proprietors, when they
may dispose of themselves and their land as they think fit.
Desires he will do the particular kindness to take with him Mr.
Mathews, his deputy, Mr. West, and Captain Halstead, if there,
and with them take up for Lord Ashley 12,000 acres in some
convenient, healthy, fruitful place upon Ashley River. [Shaftes-
bury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 55, pp. 100-101.]
Dec. 15. 689. Lord Ashley to Sir John Coming. Has received his
Exeter House, letter and is well satisfied with his behaviour, ability, and service,
and the Lords Proprietors are resolved to continue in their em-
ployment a man so diligent and successful in his business. Takes
Shaftesbury particular notice of his care to instruct others in the navigation
of Ashley River and the directions he has spread abroad for those
who may have occasion to sail thither. Promises him all the
encouragement and kindness he can justly expect. [Shaftesbury
Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 55, p. 98.]
Dec. 15. 690. Lord Ashley to his very affectionate friend Maurice
Exeter House. Matthews. Besides the kindness he has for him upon his uncle's, the
Challoners account, the industry he has employed in discovering
the country, and the account he has given of it, hath made Ashley
choose him his deputy, for which he sends him a commission,
[see No. 698] and doubts not he will continue all that vigour and
Shaftesbury activity which has made Ashley take notice of him, and which
he will be careful to encourage as he gives him reason to do it.
Desires he will have an eye to his private and public concerns
there, in particular to consult with Sir John Yeamans to lay
out 12,000 acres of fruitful, healthy land in the most convenient
place for a pleasant seat upon Ashley River. [Shaftesbury Papers,
Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 55, p. 102.]
Dec. 15. 691. Sir Thos. Lynch to Joseph Williamson. His of 22nd
Jamaica. September came to hand about 10 days ago. Is glad the King
and Duke were satisfied with the manner of Lynch receiving the
Government, and hopes that Sir T. M. will arrive safe, and that
his other proceedings here will not make his Lordship ashamed of
having recommended him. Has written to his Lordship at large,
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1671.
and not above three weeks since he and Mr. Slingesby had "a vast
packet " from Lynch ; and there is nothing left to make them
understand this place, but the numbers of the people and a map
of the island, which cannot possibly be had these three months.
Begs for his Lordship's directions about cutting wood, and the
Spanish and French seizing our vessels. Has suspended Mr.
Ardrey (?), who has carried himself so sottishly and imprudently in
the Assistance, but hopes he may learn better from a better Com-
mander, for has turned out Wilgress. Is infinitely obliged for the
packets of printed and written Gazettes, and hopes he will send
more, for seldom a week passes but a ship is coming hither. This
comes to Plymouth or Chester ; a month hence will write by a
Londoner. There is come to Barbadoes a vessel that parted with
Sir Thos. Modyford in a storm in the lat. of Bermudas. Endorsed,
R. 16 Apr., &c. 2pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXVII., No. 57.]
692. Instructions from Lords Proprietors of Carolina to the
Governor and Council at Charles Town on Ashley River in five
Articles. To follow the rules for government in the fundamental
constitutions, temporary laws, and previous instructions. Instruc-
tions of the latest date always to take place. Always to fill up the
Grand Council with an equal number of Councillors chosen by the
Parliament to the Deputies. To prepare such Bills as he thinks for
the good of the plantation, and present them to Parliament to be
passed into laws if Parliament think fit, for there is nothing to be
debated or voted in Parliament but what is proposed to them by the
Council. To afford all assistance they can to Capt. Halstead in his
discoveries. Signed by Craven, Ashley, G. Carteret, P. Colleton.
In Locke's hand. [Col. Entry Bk, Vol. XX., p. 79.]
Dec. 16. 693. Lord Ashley to Stephen Bull. Has made choice of
Exeter House. Mr. Mathews because of his acquaintance with some of his near
relations to succeed Bull as his deputy. He must not interpret this
as any unkindness or disrespect to himself, who though a stranger
when put in that trust, yet will continue to him this advantage of
being ready to do him any good, and to show his respect grants his
desire for the free freight of his goods which come in the Blessing,
and has ordered Capt. Halstead to deliver up his bond for the freight
of those goods. [Shaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48,
No. 55, p. 99.]
Dec. 16. 694. Lord Ashley to his very affectionate friend Capt. Halstead.
Exeter House. I s very glad to find he has not been mistaken in the person
employed in our Carolina affairs and that he has acquitted himself
so well to our satisfaction. This gives great encouragement to
continue him in our service. The orders sent for his coming home
so far from any dislike for him that it is intended to send him again
Shaftesbury w ^ n ^ r - Coming to Carolina in a ship most convenient for our
Papers. business here. In all places where he touches to encourage men of
estate to remove to Carolina, but to forbear to invite the poorer sort
yet awhile, " for we find ourselves mightily mistaken in endeavour-
ing 10 get a great number of poor people there, it being substantial
Shaftesbury
Papers.
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.
297
Shaftesbury
Papers.
1671.
men and their families that must make the plantation which will
stock the country with negroes, cattle, and other necessaries, whereas
others rely and eat upon us." Is sorry for Hugh Wentworth's
death at Barbadoes, but is now satisfied that his brother John, now
at Providence, was the fitter man to be Governor, and he whom they
purposed to make so, but the shuffling of names caused the mistake.
He is to assure John Wentworth of this, for the mistake is now
rectified. Has written to Sir John Yeamans and Mr. Mathews to
take up a colony on Ashley River, which if he likes we will forthwith
stock ; wishes his opinion upon it and also upon Mathew's honesty,
skill in planting, and ability to manage a plantation. Desires exact
observations of the two islands of the Bahamas which are planted.
[Skaftesbury Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 55, pp. 103, 104.]
Dec. 16. 695. Lord Ashley to his very affectionate friend Mr. West.
Exeter House. Jj as received his letters and is abundantly satisfied in all that he
doubted of before, which he had not done had West given an
account of his management of affairs there before. Finds he has
been a very honest man to the Lords Proprietors in the distri-
bution of stores and securing their debts, who have resolved in
future to put the disposal of their stores wholly into his hands
without any order from the Governor and Council, for now it is
thought that every man by his own industry may be not only
provided with victuals but with commodities to pay for cloths,
tools, and other necessaries out of England. Intend so to furnish
their stores that industrious people may be supplied who will pay
ready truck, but not that the lazy or debauched shall run further
into debt. It was through no personal dislike or disrespect to
him that Sir John Yeamans was made Governor, but the nature
of their government, which required that a Landgrave should be
preferred to any commoner, but their opinion of his discretion,
vigilance and fidelity is not at all lessened. Looks upon him as
one who does in earnest mind the interest and prosperity of their
settlement. Being assured that Charles Town and the country
about it is healthy, the Lords Proprietors have altered their minds
concerning the remove of their servants farther up the river, and
would have him now go on in the plantation he has begun and
employ them all there chiefly in planting provisions. [Shaftesbury
Papers, Section IX., Bundle 48, No. 55, pp. 104, 106.]
Dec. 17. 696. The King to Governor Sir Wm. Berkeley. To suspend
John Lightfoot from the office of Auditor-general in Virginia and
to continue Edward Digges in the peaceable possession and enjoy-
ment of said office, his Majesty having been informed that the
Governor of Virginia granted his commission to said Digges prior
to the date of his Majesty's letters patent to Lightfoot, and that
said Digges is a person every way fit for said office of Auditor-
general, [Dora. Entry BL, Chas. II., Vol. XXXI., p. 77.]
Dec. 17. 697. Sir Thos. Lynch to Sec. Lord Arlington. Wrote about a
Jamaica, month since to his Lordship, and to Mr. Secretary Slingesby
sending answer to inquiries ; and will with all possible speed send
298 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
exact maps of the island, and the best account he can get of the
number of the inhabitants. From what his Lordship and others
have written concludes the Spaniards neither can nor will do anything,
nevertheless continue making all preparations. The Spaniards could
only ruin Port Royal ; it is absolutely impossible for them to
destroy or retake the island. Again begs advice what to do if
they should invade Jamaica, and whether to suffer the French
to insult and injure them so. Has freed the Governor of Tortuga's
patache. The Spaniards carried into St. Jago one of our ketches
from New York, wounded some of the seamen, robbed all and
then dismissed her ; but she has had harder measure here, for being
a Jew's, the merchants informed against her, and she was con-
demned for a foreigner, though the vessel, master, seamen, and
goods were English. Sent Mr. Slingesby a petition of divers
merchants against the Jews, but he supposes they will not be
expelled, for there are but 16 without patents of naturalization,
and in Lynch's opinion his Majesty cannot have more profitable
subjects 'than they and the Hollanders, for they have great stocks
and correspondence ; are not numerous enough to supplant us, nor
is it to their interest to betray us. Cannot find any but Jews
that will adventure their goods or persons to get a trade. Hopes
we shall do as much as will keep up the credit if not enrich the
island by keeping the peace and obliging them. Possibly they
may come to connive at some little underhand trade; whereby
they get more than we. Believes it may be better than a public
and open trade which would infallibly destroy that we have with
Spain. But should it be impossible to steal into any kind of
correspondence with them, yet conceives it against the island's
interest to make war. People have not married, built or settled
as they would in peace ; some for fear of being destroyed, others
have got much and suddenly by privateers' bargains and are
gone. War carries away all freemen, labourers, and planters of
provisions which makes work and victuals dear and scarce.
Privateering encourages all manner of disorder and dissoluteness,
and if it succeed does but enrich the worst sort of people, and
* provoke and alarm the Spaniards, constraining them to arm and
fortify so that it will be difficult to take any considerable place
when the King has a design or people to do it. When Sir T. M.
came there were 2,500 in the militia, and now not above 3,200. They
judge that there have been lost and left planting in the designs
of the Windward Isles, Cura9oa, Oxford, Porto Bello, Granada,
and Panama about 2,600, besides those carried off and lost in
particular vessels, and these are the bravest sort of people ; so
that war will infinitely retard the settlement of the island ;
which makes him wish that peace might be preserved here, ac-
cording to the treaty at Madrid, though we should break with
them in Europe, as it seems to be feared. The Spaniards seem
inclinable to peace, but rather out of fear than love. They have
but three privateers out, one of Capt. Diego, after whom has sent
the Weleome, and Yhallahes and Martin, two Dutchmen, with Sir
T. M.'s commission, after whom he sent the Assistance to the Bay
AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 299
1671.
of Campeachy. Yhallahes was there, but so far in with the shore
that the frigate could not command him ; the Governor, to whom
they sent with the publication of the peace to treat about freeing
an English pink that went hence, sent two barques with the
frigate's long boat to take him, but he told them he would not
be taken by boats and intended hither. Some days after they
met with Martin in a Spanish barque laden with wood ; Capt.
Wilgress took the wood, bub sending the barque for water she
was seized by the Spanish Governor ; he also chased ashore a
Spanish vessel, nor did he get any satisfaction for the merchants
of the pink, who were plundered of above 2,000?., part of which
the Governor owns detaining as Spanish goods. By the nrst^
opportunity his Lordship shall have the depositions and state of
the case. Capt. Wilgress also sent his men on shore for logwood,
and at the Isle of Pines set fire to divers Spanish huts; for all
which, and his wicked, drunken behaviour on board, has .turned
him out, and made captain one Major Beeston, a gentleman of
good estate, parts and conduct, for whom the whole island will
answer. Has made Prynce, one of the most famous of the priva-
teers, one of his lieutenants, that the Spaniards should see they
were willing to serve his Majesty ; and was afraid the sending
home Morgan might make all the privateers apprehend they should
be so dealt with, notwithstanding the King's proclamation of
pardon. However shall send him home so as he shall not be much
disgusted, yet the order obeyed, and the Spaniards satisfied. Could
not do it now, for he is sick and there is no opportunity, but
hopes the Welcome will be ready to bring him in six weeks. To
speak the truth of him, he's an honest brave fellow, and had both
Sir T. M. and the Council's commission and instructions, which
they thought he obeyed and followed so well that they gave him
public thanks, which is recorded in the Council books. However, it
must be confessed that the privateers did divers barbarous acts,
which they lay to his Vice-Admiral's charge. The Assistance sailed
two days hence for Trinidad on Cuba for provisions, for which has
charged a bill of 104Z. on the Commissioners of the Navy ; begs
his Lordship to move his Majesty that this and his future charges
may be readily paid, money being very scarce and at 15 per cent.
The Collector wrote four days since that there was no money of
the King's, and there has been but 700?. since he came, which is
not at all to be wondered at, for all arises from the import on
wines, and there have not come in 10 pipes since his arrival,
though above 100 sail have. They have carried away little of the
island's produce. Most carry away logwood, concerning which Mr.
Williamson has promised his Lordship's orders. The Governor of
Campeachy complains that these wood cutters do injury to his
province, and that the frigate did not satisfy him ; to which he
answered, that he gave none liberty to cut wood. They were vessels
bound for New York, New England, or England, or strangers, and
if they did any injury the Governor might punish them ; that
Lynch did not know whether the King might not think his fleets
300 COLONIAL PAPERS.
1671.
had a right to cut wood in those desolate places, since they did
it in July 12 months, and June last when the peace was adjusted
and promulged ; and that he had turned out the captain for not
punishing his men for chasing a vessel ashore, and not delivering
Capt. David's barque and wood ; which he would return when he
sent for .satisfaction for the plundering the pink, for if they seized
from our merchants all they called Spanish goods, we should lose
more by the peace than by the war. Hopes his Lordship will
give some orders in this. Will send to demand satisfaction for
the pink and protest against going to seek it in Spain, which
your Lordship knows is worse than losing it. Two great ships
arrived from Barbadoes, and one at Port Morant with a Dutchman
from Surinam and Curacoa, who is naturalized, and has now brought
many negroes. Esquire Pier 
