BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 9999 03290 947 3
WARNING!!
-th
This edition (6 , updated to 19 Sept. 1997) of the Massachusetts
State Building Code was bound incorrectly.
First comes the User's Guide (3 Op.) which is correct. The next
section are the amendments and then the final section is the text of
the Building Code itself.
Each section has been marked. To use effectively start by looking
in the last section which is the Building Code (6* Edition, updated
to 1 9 Sept. 1997) and then check the amendments (updated to 12
Dec. 1997) in the second section to see if there have been any
changes.
Sorry for the confusion!
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
Boston Public Library
http://www.archive.org/details/commonwealthofma06mass
MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE, 6th Ed. (to 9-19-97)
700 Boylston Street
Boston, MA 02117
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts
William Francis Galvin, Secretary of the Commonwealth
State Publications and Regulations
REGULATION FILING AND PUBLICATION
1. Regulation Chapter, Number and Heading: 780 CMR
The Massachusetts State Building Code
2. Name of Agency: . . „
State Board of Building Regulations and Standards
3. This document is reprinted from the Code of Massachusetts Regulations and
contains the following:
This is the Sixth Edition of the Massachusetts State Building Code as
adopted by the State Board of Building Regulations and Standards and
filed with the Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth.
Under the provisions of Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 30A, Section 6 and Chapter 233, Section
75, this document may be used as evidence of the original documents on file with the Secretary of the
Commonwealth.
Compiled as in full force and effect 2/28/97 (Corrected 9/1 9/97)
A true copy attest
^A^-^^C^W^^o^^^^
WILLIAM FRANCIS GALVIN
$30.00 Secretary of the Commonwealth
THE MASSACHUSETTS
STATE BUILDING CODE
780 CMR
Sixth Edition
COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS
Published by
William F. Gahin
Secretary of the Commonwealth
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
FOREWORD and ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE (780 CMR), SIXTH EDITION
FOREWORD
The Sixth Edition of 780 CMR ,the Massachusetts State Building Code has been revised from the Fifth Edition to make
it consistent with the common code format of the National Code, the Uniform Building Code and the Southern Building
Code, both in chapter and sub-chapter numbering. The technical content is based on the 1993 edition of the Building
Officials and Code Administrators (BOCA) National Building Code. Extensive technical changes have been made as
a result of reviews by the BBRS technical advisory committees, listed in this section, and also as required by
Massachusetts General Laws and Specialized Codes and Regulations.
Chapter 36, the One and Two Family Dwelling Code, has been revised from the Fifth to the Sixth Edition to make it
consistent with the 1995 edition of the CABO One and Two Family Dwelling Code to the extent practicable.
Substantive changes have been made as a result of reviews by the BBRS staff, state and municipal building officials,
and technical advisory boards.
The following chapters are considered unique to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, in their entirety:
Chapter 1 - Administration
Chapter 9 - Fire Protection Systems
Chapter 1 1 - Accessibility
Chapter 13 . - Energy Conservation
Chapter 16 - Structural Loads
Chapter 1 8 - Foundations and Retaining Walls
Chapter 27 - Electrical Wiring and Equipment
Chapter 29 - Plumbing and Gasfitting
Chapter 30 - Elevator and Conveying Systems
Chapter 34 - Repair, Alteration and Change of Use of Existing Buildings
Chapter 35 - Manufactured Buildings, Building Components and Mobile Homes
Several differences appear in the format of the Sixth Edition from that of the Fifth Edition; a major change pertaining
to the numbering system. Other changes in the content of the Sixth Edition that are different from that of national
building code, are shown in bold-faced, italicized type. Chapters which are significantly different than the national
building code are identified with the parenthetical statement This Chapter is Entirely Unique to Massachusetts.
The Sixth Edition of the Massachusetts State Building Code (780 CMR) becomes effective on February 28, 1997.
In recognition of the time periods involved in the planning, design and construction of buildings and building related
projects and in order to effect an orderly and equitable transition between the Fifth Edition and Sixth Edition, the State
Board of Building Regulations and Standards implements the following policy;
From February 28, 1997 to August 27, 1997 the Fifth and Sixth Editions of the Massachusetts State Building Code shall
be considered to be concurrently effective. During this period, the end user may elect to utilize the provisions of either
the Fifth Edition in its entirety oj the Sixth Edition in its entirety.
The Fifth Edition will be automatically repealed on August 27, 1997 after which date all users shall comply with the
provisions of the Sixth Edition.
PURCHASING OPTIONS
The One and Two-Family Dwelling Code, identified in the Sixth Edition as Chapter 36, may be purchased as a separate
package, including Chapter 1, Administration and Enforcement and Appendix A, or it may be purchased as part of the
entire code package.
The Rules and Regulations of the Board of Building Regulations and Standards identified as 780 CMR-R1 through
780 CMR-R7, may be purchased as a separate package or as part of the entire code package.
Also available is the Guide to the Sixth Edition of the Massachusetts State Building Code, This guide was developed
to assist code users in making the transition between the Fifth Edition and Sixth Edition and is sold as part of the code.
It includes a ChapterXArticle Number Cross Reference-Index and a Summary of Major Changes made in the Sixth
Edition relative to the Fifth Edition and the national building code.
The code may be ordered in any manner identified above by calling the State House Bookstore (a), (6 1 7) 727-2834,
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
FORWARD AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AMENDMENT PROCESS
Pursuant to M.GL. c. 143, § 97, 780 CMR is subject to change by amendment. Amendments shall be proposed on
forms made available at the office of the Board of Building Regulations and Standards. Proposals are offered at public
hearing where the Board hears testimony both for and against the proposals. Proposals are then studied and voted upon
by the Board. Those that are voted "approved" are issued as amendments to 780 CMR and become effective when
published in the Bi-weekly MASSACHUSETTS REGISTER.
All proposals for amendment to 780 CMR must be received at least 60 days prior to the public hearing date. Changes
that are voted "approved" are issued on a cycle determined by the Board; generally not sooner than a two year cycle.
The Board convenes public hearings to entertain changes to the code a minimum of twice each calendar year; in May
and November. Other public hearings may be scheduled as necessary.
Anyone wishing to present a code change proposal should contact the Office of the Board at (617) 727-3200 extension
614 for information on how to file. It is the responsibility of the code user to check the MASSACHUSETTS
REGISTER periodically to determine if amendments have been issued.
BOARDS AND COMMITTEES
STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
Professor KcntaroTsutsumi, P.E.. Chairman Stanley S. Shuman. P.E.
Registered Professional Engineer (Structural) General Contractor of Commercial & Industrial Buildings
Daniel P. O'SulIivan, Vice Chairman Thomas L. Rogers (Ex-Officio)
Inspector of Buildings (City) Chief of Inspections
(Gary Moccia. P.E. - Designee)
Thomas E. Donovan, General Contractor
of One and Two Family Homes Robert E. Banks
Building Trades Representative
Thomas G. Gatzunis, P.E.
Inspector of Buildings (Town) Chief William V. Dolan
Head of a Local Fire Department
William P. Kramer, P.E.
Registered Professional Engineer Steven Coan (Ex Officio)
(Mechanical) State Fire Marshal
(Maurice M. Pilette, P.E. - Designee)
Alexander H. MacLeod, R.A.
Registered Architect
PAST MEMBERS CONTRIBUTING TO THIS CODE:
Richard Mcintosh Douglas Cole Smith. R.A
Inspector of Buildings (Town) Registered Architect
STAFF
Thomas L. Rogers. Administrator
Robert A. Anderson, Deputy Administrator
Brian Gore, PE. CEng., Technical Director .
Thomas M. Riley, Code Development Manager
Marian Doyle, Home Improvement Contractor Program Manager
Patricia A. Brennan, Building Code Board of Appeals Manager
Anne Mane Rose
Mary Kavanaugh
Julie Allan
Jeffrey Putnam
Heather McEwan
Sean MacDonald
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
RESEARCH ASSISTANTS
Andrew Bodnar (Legal Research)
Derek Creaser (Technical Research)
Professor Kentaro Tsutsumi, P.E., Chairman
College of Engineering
Tufts University
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS SAFETY BOARD (CMSB)
Francis Harvey. P.E., RA.
Harvey and Tracy-
Charles A. J. Theodore, P.E.
Hometech Consulting Group
Terrence Johnston. Laboratory Supervisor
Testing Laboratory
Metropolitan District Commission
Sanford Kaplan
Sanford Constriction Company
Ara Shrestinian. P.E., Vice President
The Thompson & Lichtner Co.. Inc.
Professor Louis C. Tartaglione, P E.
Department of Civil Engineering University of Lowell
James Keefe
The Beacon Companies
Staff Liaison -Thomas M Riley
FIRE PREVENTION - FIRE PROTECTION BOARD
John M. Murphy, Chairman
International Municipal Signalmen's
Association
Lt. Michael P. Astkin
Massachusetts Fire Prevention Association
Harold Cutler. P.E.
Registered Professional Engineer
(Fire Protection)
Lt. Robert Bourke
Massachusetts Fire Prevention Association
Chief James W. Clarke
Massachusetts Fire Chiefs Association
Chief William V. Dolan
Massachusetts Fire Chiefs Association
Walter B. Adams, AIA
Registered Architect
Steven Coan, State Fire Marshal
(Maurice M. Pilette, P.E. - Designee)
Carlisle V. Smith, PE
Board of Fire Prevention Regulations
Commissioner Martin Pierce
Mass. Fire Chiefs Association
(Paul M. Donga - Designee)
Staff Liaison - Thomas M. Riley
GEOTECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Edmund G. Johnson, P.E., Chairman
Haley & Aldrich. Inc.
Nino Catalano, P.E.
ICOS Boston
P A. O'Neill. P.E.
New England Foundation, Co.
Asaf A. Qazilbash, P.E.
Asaf A. Qazilbash Associates
Peter K. Taylor, P.E., Vice Chairman
Stone & Webster Engineering
Eldon L. Abbot, P.E.
Parsons Brinkerhoff Quade and Douglas, Inc.
David Shields. P.E.
Geotechnical Engineers, Inc.
Dr. Richard M. Simon, P.E.
GZA Associates
Robert Hoyler. P.E,
McPhail Associates
Staff Liaison - Robert A. Anderson
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
FORWARD AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
SEISMIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Norton S. Remmer, P.E., Chairman
Norton S. Remmer Consulting Engineers
Dr. John. T. Christian, P.E.
Consulting Engineer
Francis D. Leathers, P.E.
Geotechrucal Engineers, Inc.
Nicholas Mariani, P.E.
Charles T. Main, Inc.
Maurice A. Reidy, Jr., P.E.
Maurice A. Reidy Engineers
Professor Kentaro Tsutsumi, P.E.
BBRS Representative
Kenneth B. Weisner, P.E., Vice Chairman
Le Messurier Consultants
Joseph J. Zona, P.E.
Simpson, Gumpertz, & Heger, Inc.
Dr. Cetin Soydemir, P.E.
Haley and Aldnch
Wayne Siladi, P.E.
Weidlinger Associates, Inc.
Richard Henige, P.E.
Le Messuner Consultants
Staff Liaison - Brian Gore. P.E., C. Eng.
MEMA Liaison. John C. Smith - Earthquake Program Manager
Dr. Frank J Heger, P.E., Chairman
Simpson, Gumpertz & Heger, Inc.
Rubin M. Zallen, P.E.
Consulting Engineer
Hans William Hagen, P.E.
Lim Consultants
Arthur L. Brown, P.E.
Boston Building Consultants
LOADS ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Stanley S. Shuman, P.E.
BBRS Member
Michael Joliffe, P.E.
Zaldastani Associates
Edward LeNormand. P.E.
Chapui Associates
Tom McGarrigle, P.E.
Amman & Whitney
Staff Liaison - Brian Gore, P.E., C. Eng.
BUILDING OFFICIAL CERTIFICATION COMMTTTEE
(The Standing Certification Committee)
Matthias J. Mulvey. Chairman
Massachusetts Building Commissioners
and Inspectors Association (Representative)
Certified Building Code Enforcement Official
Daniel P. O'Sullivan, Vice Chairman
Building Officials of Western Massachusetts
(Representative)
Certified Building Code Enforcement Official
Paul J. Nonni, Member at Large
Certified Building Code Enforcement Official
Don York, Member at Large
Certified Building Code Enforcement Official
(Michael Card)
David Thyng, P.E.
Southeastern Massachusetts Building Officials
Association (Representative)
Certified Building Code Enforcement Official
Robert Betit, Member at Large
Certified Building Code Enforcement Official
(Peter DePesa
Fred Hanack. P.E., Member from Academia
Robert A Anderson, BBRS Representative
Certified Building Code Enforcement Official
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
ENERGY ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Thomas M. Riley,
BBRS Representative
Dale Gigandet
State Fire Marshal Representative
Anne Gros
DOER Representative
Michael Andelman, P.E.,
Shooshanian Engineering, Inc
Jerard Ives, R.A.
Jerard Ives Registered Architect
Robert Figuerido, P. E.
Digital Equipment Corp.
Nick Johnson. P. E.
Bard, Rao & Athanas Consulting Engineers, Inc.
Joel Wedding
Department of Labor and Industries
Richard Kramer
Home Builders Association of Greater Springfield
William Habib
Home Builders Association of Massachusetts
Melvin Fink
Home Builders Association
Charles E. Wheeler
New England Power Service
Ron Moreira
Bay State Gas Co.
Michael Ferrante
Massachusetts Oil Heat Council
Charles Brewster
Accent Sales and Marketing
Jack Desmond
Cox Engineering
Robert Thorell
Building Commissioner, Westminster
Mike Martin
Waltham Development Co.
HIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Marian Doyle
BBRS Representative
Harry Smith
HIC Registrant
William O'Brien
NARI Eastern MA Chapter
Jack Elliott
NARI Western MA Chapter
Paul Schlaver
MA Consumer Coalition
Arlie Costine Scott
Representative from the Office of the AG
Frank Rosen
Fund Administrator
Ken Wade
Representative of the Attorney General
TECHNICAL CODE COUNCIL
Pursuant to M.G.L. c. 143, § 3, there shall be an advisory board known as the technical code council
which shall make recommendations relative to the formulation, promulgation and administration of the
state building code. The make-up of the council is available at the Office of the Board of Building
Regulations and Standards.
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Chapter 1: ADMINISTRATION
(This chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
101.0
Scope
102.0
Applicability
103.0
Maintenance
104.0
Validity
105.0
Office of the inspector of buildings or building commissioner
106.0
Duties and powers of the building official
107.0
Duties and powers of the state inspector
108.0
Rules & regulations
109.0
Approval
110.0
Application for permit
111.0
Permits
112.0
Demolition of structures
113.0
Conditions of permit
114.0
Fees
115.0
Inspection
116.0
Registered architectural and professional engineering services
construction control
117.0
Workmanship
118.0
Violations
119.0
Stop work order
120.0
Certificate of occupancy
121.0
Unsafe structures
122.0
Board of appeals
123.0
Construction Materials safety Board
124.0
Fire Prevention - Fire Protection Advisory Committee
125.0
Structural Peer Review Advisory Committee
13
13
14
14
14
15
17
18
19
19
21
23
23
23
24
24
26
26
26
27
27
28
32
32
32
Chapter 2: DEFINITIONS
201.0: General
202.0: General Definitions
Chapter 3: USE OR OCCUPANCY
301.0
General
302.0
Classification
303.0
Assembly use groups
304.0
Business use group
305.0
Educational use group
306.0
Factory and industrial use groups
307.0
High hazard use groups
308.0
Institutional use groups
309.0
Mercantile use group
310.0
Residential use groups
311.0
Storage use groups
312.0
Utility and miscellaneous use group
313.0
Mixed use groups
apter
4: SPECIAL USE AND OCCUP
401.0
General
402.0
Covered mall buildings
403.0
High rise buildings
404.0
Atriums
405.0
Underground structures
406.0
Open parking structures
407.0
Private garages
408.0
Public garages
409.0
Use Group 1-2
47
47
47
48
49
49
49
50
54
57
58
59
59
59
63
63
63
65
67
68
69
70
70
71
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/07)
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued
Chapter 4: SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY - continued
410.0
411.0
412.0
413.0
414.0
415.0
416.0
417.0
418.0
419.0
420.0
421.0
422.0
423.0
424.0
425.0
426.0
427.0
428.0
429.0
Use Group 1-3
Motion picture projection rooms, screening rooms and sound stages
Stages and platforms
Special amusement buildings
Airport traffic control towers
Outdoor processing facilities
HPM facilities
Hazardous materials
Use Groups H-l, H-2, H-3 and H-4
Application of flammable finishes
Mobile units
Swimming pools
Existing buildings
Group Residences
Day Care Centers
Summer Camps for Children
Bulk Merchandising Retail Buildings
Limited Group Residences
Detoxification Facilities
Group Dwelling Units
Chapter 5: GENERAL BUILDING LIMITATIONS
501.0
502.0
503.0
504.0
505.0
506.0
507.0
General
Definitions
General height and area limitations
Height modifications
Mezzanines
Area modifications
Unlimited areas
Page
72
74
75
78
78
79
79
83
85
92
93
95
99
99
104
107
109
113
113
113
113
115
116
116
117
Chapter 6: TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
601.0
602.0
603.0
604.0
605.0
606.0
General
Construction classification
Types 1 and 2 construction
Type 3 construction
Type 4 construction
Type 5 construction
Chapter 7: FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION
701.0
702.0
703.0
704.0
705.0
706.0
707.0
708.0
709.0
710.0
711.0
712.0
713.0
714.0
General
Definitions
Construction documents
Fire tests
Exterior walls
Exterior opening protectives
Fire walls and party walls
Fire wall openings
Fire separation assemblies
Vertical shafts
Fire partitions
Smoke barriers
Floor/ceiling and roof/ceiling assemblies
Roof construction
119
119
119
121
121
121
121
123
123
123
124
124
125
128
128
130
130
132
133
133
134
136
750 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued
Chapter 7: FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION - continued
715.0
716.0
717.0
718.0
719.0
720.0
721.0
722.0
Fireresistance rating of structural members
Fire door assemblies
Fire dampers
Fire windows and shutters
Wired glass
Firestopping and draftstopping
Fireresistive requirements for plaster
Thermal- and sound-insulating materials
Chapter 8: INTERIOR FINISHES
801.0
802.0
803.0
804.0
805.0
806.0
General
Definitions
Interior finish and trim
Application of interior finish
Floor finish
Combustible materials permitted in floors of type 1 and 2 construction
807.0: Interior hangings and decorations
Chapter 9: FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
(This chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
901.0
902.0
903.0
904.0
905.0
906.0
907.0
908.0
909.0
910.0
911.0
912.0
913.0
914.0
915.0
916.0
917.0
918.0
919.0
920.0
921.0
922.0
923.0
924.0
General
Definitions
Fire protection systems approval/acceptance
Fire suppression systems
Suppression system agent compatibility
Fire sprinkler system
Limited area sprinkler systems
Water-spray fixed systems
Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems
Dry-chemical extinguishing systems
Foam extinguishing systems
Halogenated extinguishing systems
Wet-chemical range hood extinguishing systems
Standpipe systems
Fire department connections
Yard hydrants/underground fire mains
Fire protective signaling systems (Fire alarm systems)
Automatic fne ietection systems
Single- and multiple-station smoke detectors
Fire extinguishers
Smoke control systems
Smoke and heat vents
Supervision
Fire pumps
Chapter 10: MEANS OF EGRESS
1001.0
1002.0
1003.0
1004.0
1005.0
1006.0
1007.0
1008.0
1009.0
1010.0
1011.0
Ggeneral
Definitions
Construction documents
Use group and occupancy requirements
General limitations
Types and location of means of egress
Accessible means of egress
Occupant load
Capacity of egress components
Number of exits
Exit access passageways and corridors
Page
137
137
138
139
139
140
141
142
143
143
143
144
145
146
146
147
147
149
151
153
153
154
154
155
155
156
156
157
157
158
159
159
162
164
164
165
167
168
168
171
171
171
172
172
172
173
175
176
177
177
178
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
7S0 CMR - Sixth Edition
7^0 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued
Chapter 10: MEANS OF EGRESS - continued
1012.0: Assembly aisles and aisle accessways
1013.0: Grandstands
1014.0: Stairways
1015.0: Smokeproof enclosures
1016.0: Ramps
1017.0: Means of egress doorways
1018.0: Revolving doors
1019.0: Horizontal exits
1020.0: Level of exit discharge passageways used as an exit element
1021.0: Guards
1022.0: Handrails
1 023.0: Exit signs and lights
1024.0: Means of egress lighting
1025.0: Fire escapes
1026.0: Slidescapes
1027.0: Access to roof
1028.0: Maintenance of exits
Chapter 11: ACCESSIBILITY
(780 CMR 11 is Entirety Unique to Massachusetts)
Chapter 12: INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT
1201.0
1202.0
1203.0
1204.0
1205.0
1206.0
1207.0
1208.0
1209.0
1210.0
1211.0
1212.0
1213.0
1214.0
1215.0
General
Definitions
Construction documents
Room dimensions
Light and ventilation required
Natural light
Artificial light
Natural ventilation
Mechanical ventilation
Ventilation of special spaces
Access to crawl spaces and attics
Courts and yards
Obstruction of courts and yards
Sound transmission control in residential buildings
Ratproofmg
Chapter 13: ENERGY CONSERVATION
(This chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
1300.0: General
1301.0: Administrative
1302.0: Existing buildings
1303.0: Plans and specifications
1304.0: Materials and equipment
1305.0: Design conditions
1306.0: Building insulation specifications
1307.0: Air infiltration and moisture control
1308.0: Component design
1309.0: Exterior envelope requirements for lowrise residential buildings
1310.0: Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems
1311.0: Heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment
1312.0: Electrical power distribution
1313.0: Lighting systems
1314.0: Building envelop requirements for commercial and high rise residential buildings
1315 0: Building design by systems analysists
13 16.0: Buildings utilizing solar, geotethermal, wing, or other nondepletable energy sources
as alternative designs
Page
180
182
183
187
189
189
190
194
195
195
196
196
197
197
198
198
199
201
203
203
203
203
203
204
204
204
204
205
205
205
205
206
206
207
209
209
209
209
209
209
210
211
212
212
213
214
219
222
222
232
241
242
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued
Page
Chapter 14: EXTERIOR WALL COVERINGS
1401.0
1402.0
1403.0
1404.0
1405.0
1406.0
General
Definitions
Performance requirements
Materials
Veneers
Combustible materials on the exterior side of exterior walls
243
243
243
243
243
244
248
Chapter 15: ROOF AND ROOF COVERINGS
1501.0
1502.0
1503.0
1504.0
1505.0
1506.0
1507.0
1508.0
1509.0
1510.0
1511.0
1512.0
General
Definitions
Construction documents
Weather protection
Performance requirements
Fire classification
Prescriptive requirements
Flashings
Roof insulation
Roof structures
Rooftop heliports
Reroofing
Chapter 16: STRUCTURAL LOADS
(This chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
1601.0
General
1602.0
Definitions
1603.0
Construction documents
1604.0
Design safe load
1605.0
Design dead load
1606.0
Uniformly distributed live loads
1607.0
Design live load
1608.0
Live load reduction
1609.0
Roof loads
1610.0
Snow loads
1611.0
Wind loads
1612.0
Earthquake loads
1613.0
Concentrated loads
1614.0
Impact loads
1615.0
Special loads
1616.0
Combination of loads
1617.0
Existing buildings
251
251
251
251
251
251
252
252
254
255
255
256
256
257
257
257
257
258
258
258
259
259
260
261
271
278
296
297
297
298
299
Chapter 17: STRUCTURAL TESTS AND INSPECTIONS
(Substantial portions of this chapter are unique to Massachusetts)
1701.0
1702.0
1703.0
1704.0
1705.0
1706.0
1707.0
1708.0
1709.0
1710.0
General
Definitions
Information required
Approvals
P„equirements for special tests and inspections
Design strength of materials
Alternative test procedure
Test safe load
In-situ load tests
Preconstruction load tests
301
301
301
301
302
302
306
306
306
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307
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued
Chapter 18: FOUNDATIONS AND RETAINING WALLS
(This chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
1801.0: General
1802.0: Foundation investigations
1803.0: Soil bearing test
1804.0: Load bearing value of soils
1805.0: Allowable foundation loads
1 806.0: Depth of footings
1807.0: Footing design
1 808.0: Timber footings and wood foundations
1809.0: Steel grillages
1 8 1 0. 0: Concrete footings
1811.0: Masonry unit footings
1812.0: Foundation walls
1813.0: Waterproofing and dampproofing
1814.0: Mat, raft and float foundation
1815.0: Pier foundations
1816.0: Pile foundations
1817.0: Allowable pile loads
1818.0: Structural steel piles
1819.0: Concrete-filled steel pipe and tube piles
1820.0: Cast-in-place concrete piles
1 82 1 .0: Precast concrete piles
1822.0: Timber piles
1823.0: Composite piles
1 824.0: Concrete filled pipe with core caissons
1825.0: Retaining walls
Chapter 19: CONCRETE
1901.0
1902.0
1903.0
1904.0
1905.0
1906.0
1907.0
1908.0
1909.0
1910.0
1911.0
1912.0
Concrete design standards
Definitions
Seismic requirements for reinforced concrete
Seismic requirements for plain concrete
Minimum slab thickness
Materials
Durability requirements
Concrete quality, mixing and placing
Formwork, embedded pipes, and construction joints
Details of reinforcement
Shotcrete
Concrete-filled pipe columns
Chapter 20: LIGHTWEIGHT METALS
2001.0 General
2002.0 Materials
Page
309
309
309
310
312
313
313
314
314
314
315
315
316
318
318
320
323
326
326
327
332
332
333
333
334
335
335
335
335
338
339
339
340
343
345
346
348
348
351
351
Chapter 21: MASONRY
2101.0
2102.0
2103.0
2104.0
2105.0
2106.0
2107.0
2108.0
2109.0
2110.0
General
Definitions
Construction documents
Seismic requirements
Masonry construction materials
Lateral stability
Compressive stress requirements
Lateral support
Thickness of masonry
Bond
353
353
253
355
355
357
359
360
360
361
361
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued
Chapter 21: MASONRY - continued
2111.0: Anchorage
2112.0: Masonry construction
2113.0: Miscellaneous requirements
2114.0: Fireplaces and chimneys
2115.0: Glass block walls
362
363
364
364
365
Chapter 22: STEEL
2201.0
2202.0
2203.0
2204.0
2205.0
2206.0
2207.0
2208.0
2209.0
2210.0
General
Definitions
Structural steel construction
Seismic requirements for structural steel
Open web steel joist construction
Formed steel construction
Special steel and steel cable structural systems
Reinforcing steel
Cast steel construction
Cast iron construction
367
367
367
367
369
369
369
370
371
371
371
Chapter 23: WOOD
2301.0
2302.0
2303.0
2304.0
2305.0
2306.0
2307.0
2308.0
2309.0
2310.0
2311.0
2312.0
2313.0
General
Definitions
Performance requirements
Heavy timber construction
Wood frame construction
Seismic requirements for wood and timber
Wood structural panels
Particleboard
Fiber boards
Fireretardant treated wood
Naturally durable and preservative treated wood
Joist hangers
Prefabricated components
Chapter 24: GLASS AND GLAZING
2401.0
2402.0
2403.0
2404.0
2405.0
2406.0
2407.0
General
General requirements for glass
Wind, snow and dead loads on glass
Sloped glazing and skylights
Safety glazing
Glass in handrails and guardrails
Glazing in racquetball and squash courts
Chapter 25: GYPSUM BOARD AND PLASTER
2501.0: General
2502.0: Shear walls
2503.0: Gypsum board materials
2504.0: Gypsum construction
2505.0: Interior lathing and gypsum plastering
2506.0: Portland cement stucco lathing and plastering
373
373
373
373
374
375
381
388
390
391
392
393
394
395
397
397
397
397
399
399
401
401
403
403
403
403
405
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780 CMR -Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued
Chapter 26: PLASTIC
2601.0
2602.0
2603.0
2604.0
2605.0
2606.0
2607.0
2608.0
General
Definitions
Foam plastic
General requirements for light transmitting plastics
Light-transmitting wall panels
Light-transmitting plastic glazing of unprotected openings
Light-transmitting plastic roof panels
Light-transmitting skylight glazing
Chapter 27: ELECTRICAL WIRING, EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS
(This chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
Page
407
407
407
407
409
410
411
411
412
415
Chapter 28: MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
2801.0:
General
2802.0:
Construction documents
2803.0:
Fees
2804.0:
Inspections and tests
2805.0:
Plenums
2806.0:
Drying rooms
2807.0:
Waste and linen handling systems
2808.0:
Refuse vaults
2809.0:
Medical gases
2810.0:
Oxygen systems
2811.0:
Existing buildings
2812.0:
Power ventors
28.13.0:
Solid fuel-fired appliances
417
417
417
417
417
417
418
418
419
419
419
419
419
420
Chapter 29: PLUMBING SYSTEMS
(This chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
421
Chapter 30: ELEVATORS AND CONVEYING SYSTEMS
(This chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
3001.0: General
423
Chapter 31 : SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION
3101.0
3102.0
3103.0
3104.0
3105.0
3106.0
3107.0
3108.0
3109.0
3110.0
General
Signs
Membrane structures
Temporary structures
Canopies cjrd awnings
Pedestrian walkways
Flood-resistant construction
Radio and television towers
Radio and television antennas
Window-cleaning safeguards
Chapter 32: CONSTRUCTION IN THE PUBLIC RIGHT- OF- WAY
3201.0
3202.0
3203.0
3204.0
3205.0
General
Street encroachments
Permissible street projections
Special and temporary projections
Awnings and canopies
425
425
425
428
430
430
431
432
436
436
436
437
437
437
437
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued
Chapter 33 SITE WORK, DEMOLITION AND CONSTRUCTION
3301.0
3302.0
3303.0
3304.0
3305.0
3306.0
3307.0
3308.0
3309.0
3310.0
3311.0
3312.0
3313.0
33140
3315.0
General
Construction documents and special permits
Tests
Protection of public
Fire hazards
Maintenance
Health hazards
Protection of adjoining property
Existing buildings
Demolition and excavation
Retaining walls and partition fences
Storage of materials and construction equipment
Removal of waste material
Stairways
Lighting
441
441
441
441
441
442
442
442
443
443
443
444
444
444
444
444
Chapter 34 REPAIR, ALTERATION, ADDITION AND CHANGE OF USE
OF EXISTING STRUCTURES
(This chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
3400.0
3401.0
3402.0
3403.0
3404.0
3405.0
3406.0
3407.0
3408.0
3409.0
Scope
Definitions
Implementation
Hazard index
Requirements for continuation of the same use group or change to a use group
resulting in a change in hazard index of one or less
Requirements for change in use group to two or more hazard indices greater
Compliance alternatives
Energy provisions for existing buildings
Structural requirements for existing buildings
Historic buildings
Chapter 35: MANUFACTURED BUILDINGS, MANUFACTURED
BUELDrNG COMPONENTS AND MANUFACTURED HOUSENG
(This chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
3501.0
3502.0
3503.0
3504.0
3505.0
3506.0
3507.0
3508.0
3509.0
General
Definitions
Construction documents
Approval
Certification
Reciprocity
Assurance inspection
Responsibility of the local enforcement agencies
Suspension or revocation of certification
Chapter 36: ONE AND TWO FAMELY DWELLINGS
3601.0: One and two family dwelling code - general administration
3601.1: General
3601.2: Purpose
3602.0: Building definitions
3602.1: General
3602.2: General building definitions
3603.0: Building Planning
3603. 1 : Structural Design Criteria
3603.2: Construction in Areas Subject to Flooding
3603.3: Fireresistance rating of exterior walls
3603.4: Dwelling unit separation
3603.5: Garage separation
445
445
446
447
448
448
449
449
450
451
458
461
461
461
462
462
463
463
463
463
464
465
465
465
465
467
467
467
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS ANT) STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued
Chapter 36: ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - continued
3603.6: Light, ventilation and heating
3603.6.4: Natural light
3603.6.5: Artificial light
3603.6.6: Natural ventilation
3603.6.7: Mechanical ventilation
3603.6.8: Ventilation of special spaces
3603.7: Room dimensions
3603.8: Ceiling height requirements
3603.9: Access to crawl spaces and attics
3603.10: Means of Egress
3603.11: Doors and hallways
3603.12: Landings
3603.13: Stairways
3603.14: Handrails and guardrails
3603.15: Ramps
3603. 1 6: Fire protection systems
3603. 1 7: Foam plastic
3603. 1 8: Interior finish requirements/flame spread and smoke developed
3603. 19: Insulation/flame spread, smoke developed/critical radiant flux
3603.20: Glazing
3603.20.4: Safety glazing
3603.20.5: Sloped glazing and skylights
3603.21
3603.22
3603.23
3603.24
3603.25
3604.0: Foundations
Energy conservation requirements
Protection against decay and termites
Manufactured buildings and manufactured housing
Sanitation
Electrical requirements
3604.1
3604.2
3604.3
3604.4
3604.5
3604.6
3604.7
3604.8
3604.9
: Floors
3605.1
3605.2
3605.3
3605.4
3605.5
3605.6
General
Materials
Footings
Foundation walls
Foundation drainage
Foundation waterproofing and dampproofing
Foundation insulation
Columns
Crawl space
General
Floor Framing
Floor sheathing
Treated-wood floors (on ground)
Concrete floors (on grade)
Metal
3606.0: Wall Construction
3606. 1 . General
3606.2: Wall framing
3606.3: Mete!
3606.4: General masonry construction
3606.5: Unit masonry
3606.6: Multiple wythe masonry
3606.7: Grouted masonry
3606.8: Windows
3606.9: Sliding glass doors
3606. 10: Plywood and wood structural panels
3606.11: Particleboard
Page
474
475
475
476
476
476
477
477
477
477
478
478
478
479
479
480
481
482
482
482
483
484
485
485
486
487
487
489
489
490
490
494
497
498
499
499
499
501
501
501
525
527
527
528
529
529
529
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536
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544
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued
Page
Chapter 36: 01 s
JE AND TWO FAMILY DW
3607.0: WallCovenng
3607.1
General
3607.2
Interior covering
3607.3
Exterior covering
3608.0: Roof-
ceiling construction
3608.1
General
3608.2
Roof framing
3608.3
Roof sheathing
3608.4
Metal
3608.5
Ceiling finishes
3608.6
Roof ventilation
3608.7
Attic access
3609.0: Roof
;overings
3609.1
General
3609.2
Deck preparation
3609.3
Asphalt shingles
3609.4
Slate shingles
3609.5
Metal
3609.6
Tile, clay, or concrete shingles
3609.7
Built-up roofing
3609.8
Wood shingles
3609.9
Wood shakes
3609.1
0: Reroofing
■ continued
3610.0: Chimneys and fireplaces
General
3610.2 Masonry chimneys
3610.3 Factory-built chimneys
3610.4 Masonry fireplaces
3610.5 Factory-built fireplaces
3610.6
36 11.0: Mechanical administration (This section is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
3611.1: General
3611.2: Existing mechanical systems
3612.0: Mechanical definitions
3612.1: General
3612.2: General mechanical definitions
3613.0: General mechanical system requirements(77iw section is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
3613.1
3613.2
3613.3
3613.4
3613.5
3613.6
3613.7
3613.8
General
Approval
Labeling of equipment not under the control of 527 CMR or 248 CMR
Type of fuel
Appliance access
Clearances from combustible construction
Appliance installation
Control devices
36 14.0: Heating and cooling equipment (This section is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
3614.1
3614.2
3614.3
General
Heat pump equipment
Refrigeration cooling equipment
3615.0: Electric resistance heating
3615.1
3615.2
3615.3
General
Radiant heating systems
Duct heaters
3616.0: Vented floor, wall and room heaters
3616.1
3616.2
3616.3
General
Vented wall furnaces/additional requirements
Vented room heaters/additional requirements
549
549
549
552
557
557
557
559
560
561
561
561
591
591
591
591
592
593
593
593
594
594
596
599
599
599
601
601
606
617
611
611
611
613
613
613
619
619
619
619
619
619
619
620
622
623
623
624
624
625
625
625
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627
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued
Chapter 36: ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - continued
3618.1
3618.2
3618.3
3618.4
3621.1
General
3621.2
Vent components
3621.3
Chimney and vent connectors
3621.4
Vents
3621.5
Masonry and factory-built chimneys
Solar
systems
3622.1
General
3622.3
Labeling
3622.4
Prohibited heat transfer fluids
Page
3617.0: Ventilation air supply 629
3618.0: Exhaust systems 631
Clothes dryer exhaust 63 1
Range hoods 63 1
Installation of microwave ovens 63 1
Overhead ventilating hoods 63 1
3619.0: Duct systems 633
3619.1: Duct construction 633
3619.2: Return air 634
3619.3: Supply air 635
3620.0: Combustion air 637
3620.0: General 637
3620.2: All air from inside the building 637
3620.3: All combustion air from outside the building 637
3620.4: Combined use of indoor and outdoor air for combustion 638
3621.0: Chimneys and vents 643
643
643
644
644
645
647
647
627
647
LIST OF APPENDICES
A: Referenced Standards 649
B: Sample Building Permit Application Forms 669
State Building Code Appeals Application Forms 677
Official Interpretations 682
C: Recommended Fastening Schedule 709
D: Guidance For Selection of Foundation Material Classes in Table 1804.3 713
E: ProcedurefFor Accounting for Series and Parallel Heat Flows 715
F: Reference Data for Repair, Addition, and Change of Use of
Existing Buildings 717
G: Unit Dead Loads for Design Purposes 737
H: Historic Buildings 745
I: Independent Structural Engineering Review 75 1
J: Energy provisions 753
K: Floor protector thermal conductivity calculations 761
780 CMR - SPECIAL RULES AND REGULATIONS
Concrete Testing Laboratories Licensing 763
Concrete Testing Personnel Licensing 767
Manufactured Buildings, Building Components and Mobile Homes 769
Use of Native Lumber 783
Construction Supervisors 785
Registration and Enforcement of Home Improvement Contractor Program 789
Certification of Inspectors of Buildings. Building Commissioners and Local Inspectors 801
INDEX 807
780 CMR - Sixth Edition 2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
CHAPTER 1
ADMINISTRATION
(Substantial portions of this Chapter are entirely unique to Massachusetts)
780 CMR 101.0 SCOPE
101.1 Title: 780 CMR shall be known as the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts State Building
Code.
101.2 Scope: 780 CMR, in accordance with St.
1984, c. 348, as amended shall control all matters
concerning;
(a) the construction, reconstruction, alteration,
repair, demolition, removal, inspection, issuance
and revocation of permits or licenses, installation
of equipment, classification and definition of any
building or structure and use or occupancy of all
buildings and structures or parts thereof except
bridges and appurtenant supporting structures
which have been or are to be constructed by, or
are under the custody and control of the
Department of Public Works (Massachusetts
Highway Department), the Massachusetts
Turnpike Authority, the Massachusetts Bay
Transportation Authority, the Metropolitan
District Commission, or the Massachusetts Port
Authority or for which said agencies have
maintenance responsibility;
(b) the rehabilitation and maintenance of existing
buildings;
(c) the standards or requirements for materials to
be used in connection therewith, including but not
limited to provisions for safety, ingress and
egress, energy conservation and sanitary
conditions;
(d) the establishment of reasonable fees for
inspections and the issuance of licenses to
individuals engaged as construction supervisors;
(e) the certification of inspectors of buildings,
building commissioners and local inspectors and;
(f) the registration of Home Improvement
Contractors pursuant to MGL c 142A, except as
such matters are otherwise provided for in the
Massachusetts General Laws Annotated, or in the
rules and regulations authorized for promulgation
under the provisions of 780 CMR.
(g) other duties and responsibilities as defined in
780 CMR Rl through R7.
101.3 Application of references: Unless otherwise
specifically provided for in 780 CMR, all references
to chapter or section numbers, or to provisions not
specifically identified by number, shall be construed
to refer to such chapter, section or provision of
780 CMR.
101.4 Intent: 780 CMR shall be construed to secure
its expressed intent, which is to insure public safety,
health and welfare insofar as they are affected by
building construction, through structural strength,
adequate means of egress facilities, sanitary
conditions, light and ventilation, energy
conservation and fire safety; and, in general, to
secure safety to life and property from all hazards
incident to the design, construction, reconstruction,
alteration, repair, demolition, removal, use or
occupancy of buildings, structures or premises.
101.5 Specialized Codes: Specialized codes, rules
or regulations pertaining to building construction,
reconstruction, alteration, repair or demolition,
promulgated, and under the authority of the various
boards which have been authorized by the general
court shall be incorporated into 780 CMR. The said
specialized codes, rules or regulations include, but
are not limited to, those listed in Appendix A.
101.6 Referenced standards: The standards
referenced in 780 CMR and listed in Appendix A
shall be considered part of the requirements of
780 CMR to the prescribed extent of each such
reference. Where differences occur between
provisions of 780 CMR and referenced standards,
the provisions of 780 CMR shall apply. The
administrative provisions of 780 CMR shall apply to
all standards referenced in Appendix A, other than
the specialized codes in 780 CMR 101.5.
780 CMR 102.0 APPLICABILITY
102.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR shall
apply to all matters affecting or relating to buildings
and structures, as set forth in 780 CMR 101.0 and
shall apply with equal force to municipal, county,
state authorities of or established by the legislature
and private buildings and structures, except where
such buildings and structures are otherwise provided
for by statute. The construction, reconstruction,
alteration, repair, addition, change in use or
occupancy, demolition, removal of all buildings and
structures shall comply with 780 CMR.
102.2 Matters not provided for: Any requirements
that are essential for the structural, fire or sanitary
safety, interior climate comfort of an existing or
proposed building or structure, or for the safety of
the occupants thereof, which are not specifically
provided for by 780 CMR, shall be determined by
the building official. The State Board of Building
Regulations and Standards (hereinafter referred to as
the BBRS) and the Department of Public Safety
shall be notified by the building official in writing
within seven working days of any action taken
pursuant to 780 CMR 102.2.
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/971
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
102.3 Zoning Bylaw Restrictions: When the
provisions herein specified for structural strength,
adequate egress facilities, sanitary conditions,
equipment, light and ventilation, energy
conservation or fire safety conflict with the local
zoning bylaws or ordinances, 780 CMR shall control
the construction or al.jration of buildings and
structures unless such bylaws or ordinances are
promulgated in accordance with the provisions of
M.G.L. c. 143, § 98 .
102.4 General bylaw restrictions: When the
provisions herein specified for structural strength,
adequate egress facilities, sanitary conditions,
equipment, light and ventilation, energy
conservation or fire safety conflict with the local
general bylaws or ordinances, 780 CMR shall
control the construction or alteration of buildings
and structures unless such bylaws or ordinances are
promulgated in accordance with the provisions
M.G.L. c. 143, § 98.
102.5 Applicability to Existing Buildings
102.5.1 General: Existing buildings and
structures shall comply with the provisions of
780 CMR 102.5 and all other applicable
provisions of 780 CMR.
102.5.2 Unless specifically provided otherwise in
780 CMR, any existing building or structure shall
meet and shall be presumed to meet the provisions
of the applicable laws, codes, rules or regulations,
bylaws or ordinances in effect at the time such
building or structure was constructed or altered
and shall be allowed to continue to be occupied
pursuant to its use and occupancy, provided that
the building or structure shall be maintained in
accordance with 780 CMR 103.0.
102.5.3 In cases which applicable codes, rules or
regulations, bylaws or ordinances were not in use
at the time of such construction or alteration, the
provisions of 780 CMR 103.0 shall apply.
102.5.4 In cases where the provisions of
780 CMR are less stringent than the applicable
codes, rules or regulations, bylaws or ordinances
at the time of such construction or substantial
alteration, the applicable provisions of 780 CMR
shall apply, providing such application of these
provisions does not result in danger to the public,
as determined by the building official.
102.5.5 Existing buildings or parts or portions
thereof which are proposed to be enlarged,
altered, repaired or changed in use or occupancy
shall comply with the provisions of 780 CMR 34.
102.5.6 Moved Structures: Buildings or
structures moved into or within the jurisdiction
shall comply with the provisions of 780 CMR 34
provided that any new system shall comply as far
as practicable with the requirements for new
structures and provided further that the siting and
fire separation distance comply with the
requirements for new structures.
780 CMR 103.0 MAINTENANCE
103.1 General: All buildings and structures and all
parts thereof, both existing and new, and all systems
and equipment therein which are regulated by
780 CMR shall be maintained in a safe, operable and
sanitary condition. All service equipment, means of
egress, devices and safeguards which are required by
780 CMR in a building or structure, or which were
required by a previous statute in a building or
structure, when erected, altered or repaired, shall be
maintained in good working order.
103.2 Owner responsibility: The owner, as
defined in 780 CMR 2, shall be responsible for
compliance with provisions of 780 CMR 103.0.
780 CMR 104.0 VALIDITY
104.1 General: The provisions. of 780 CMR are
severable, and if any of its provisions shall be held
unconstitutional or otherwise invalid by any court of
competent jurisdiction, the decision of such court
shall not affect or impair any of the remaining
provisions.
780 CMR 105.0 OFFICE OF THE
INSPECTOR OF BUILDINGS OR
BUILDING COMMISSIONER
105.1 Appointment: The chief administrative
officer of each city or town shall employ and
designate an inspector of buildings or building
commissioner (hereinafter inspector of buildings) as
well as such other local inspectors as are reasonably
necessary to assist the inspector of buildings to
administer and enforce 780 CMR and of M.G.L.
c. 22, § 13 A and the rules and regulations made
under the authority thereof. The inspector of
buildings shall report directly to and be solely
responsible to the appointing authority.
105.2 Alternate: The inspector of buildings is
authorized to designate an alternate who shall
exercise all the powers of the inspector of buildings
during the temporary absence, disability or conflict
of interest of the inspector of buildings. Said
alternate shall be duly qualified pursuant to
780 CMR 105.3.
105.3 Qualifications of the Inspector of Buildings:
In accordance with the provisions of M.G.L. c. 143,
§ 3, each inspector of buildings shall have had at
least five years of experience in the supervision of
building construction or design or in the alternative
a four year undergraduate degree in a field related to
building construction or design, or any combination
of education and experience which would confer
equivalent knowledge and ability, as determined by
the BBRS. In addition each inspector of buildings
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shall have had general knowledge of the accepted
requirements for building construction, fire
prevention, light, ventilation and safe egress; as well
as a general knowledge of other equipment and
materials essential for safety, comfort and
convenience of the occupants of a building or
structure.
Each inspector of buildings shall be certified by
the BBRS in accordance with the provisions of
780 CMR R7, the Rules and Regulations for the
Certification of Inspectors of Buildings, Building
Commissioners and Local Inspectors.
Municipalities may require additional
qualifications or experience as are deemed
necessary.
105.4 Qualifications of the local inspector: In
accordance with the provisions of M.G.L. c. 143,
§ 3, each local inspector shall have had at least five
years of experience in the supervision of building
construction or design or in the alternative a two
year associates degree in a field related to building
construction or design, or any combination of
education and experience which would confer
equivalent knowledge and ability, as determined by
the BBRS. In addition, such persons shall have had
general knowledge of the accepted requirements for
building construction, fire prevention, light,
ventilation and safe egress; as well as a general
knowledge of other equipment, and materials
essential for safety, comfort and convenience of the
occupants of a building or structure.
Each local inspector shall be certified by the
BBRS in accordance with the provisions of
780 CMR R7, the Rules and Regulations for the
Certification of Inspectors of Buildings, Building
Commissioners and Local Inspectors.
Municipalities rhay require additional
qualifications or experience as are deemed
necessary.
105.5 Reporting Requirements:
105.5.1 Annual report by city or town clerk:
In accordance with the provisions of M.G.L.
c. 143, § 3, the clerk of each city or town shall,
annually, not later than April first, transmit to the
BBRS the names and official address of each
inspector of buildings, building commissioner and
local inspector as well as at such other times as
required pursuant to 780 CMR R7, the Rules and
Regulations for the Certification of Inspectors of
Buildings, Building Commissioners and Local
Inspectors. Such reports shall be submitted on
forms prescribed by the BBRS for said purpose.
105.5.2. New appointments: The clerk of each
city or town shall additionally report to the BBRS,
the name, capacity and status of any new
appointee within the time periods prescribed in
780 CMR R7 on forms prescribed by the BBRS
for said purpose.
105.6 Restriction of employees: No full-time or
part-time building commissioner, inspector of
buildings, or full-time or part-time local inspector as
defined herein shall be engaged in, or directly or
indirectly connected with, the furnishing of labor,
materials or appliances for the construction,
alteration or maintenance of a building or structure,
or the preparation of plans or of specifications
therefore within the city, town or region for which
he or she is appointed, unless he or she is the owner
of the building or structure; nor shall any officer or
employee associated with the building department
engage in any work which conflicts with his or her
official duties or with the interests of the department.
Note: See M.G.L. c. 143, § 3Z (Local OptionTaw
relative to part-time employees).
105.7 Relief from personal liability: Insofar as the
law allows, while acting for the municipality, the
building official, charged with the enforcement of
780 CMR shall not be deemed personally liable in
the discharge of his official duties.
105.8 Official records: An official record shall be
kept of all business and activities of the department
specified in the provisions of 780 CMR. In
accordance with the provisions of M.G.L. c. 66,
§ 10(b), all such records shall be open to public
inspection at all appropriate times and according to
reasonable rules to maintain the integrity and
security of such records.
780 CMR 106.0 DUTIES AND POWERS OF
THE BUILDING OFFICIAL
106.1 General: The inspector of buildings and local
inspector (herein after building official) shall
enforce all of the provisions of 780 CMR, 521 CMR
(Architectural Access Board) and any other state
statutes, rules and regulations, or ordinances or
bylaws which empower the building official. The
building official shall act on any question relative to
the mode or manner of construction and materials to
be used in the construction, reconstruction,
alteration, repair, demolition, removal, installation of
equipment and the location, use, occupancy and
maintenance of all buildings and structures, except
as otherwise specifically provided for by statutory
requirements or as provided for in 780 CMR 109.0.
106.2 Applications and permits: The building
official shall receive applications and issue permits
for the construction, reconstruction, alteration,
repair, demolition, removal or change in use or
occupancy of buildings and structures; inspect the
premises for which such permits have been issued
and enforce compliance with the provisions of
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106.3 Notices and orders: The building official
shall issue all necessary notices or orders to ensure
compliance with 780 CMR.
106.4 Inspections: The building official shall make
such inspections as deemed necessary to ensure
compliance with 780 CMR, or the building official
may accept reports of inspection by qualified
agencies or individuals, which reports shall be in
writing and be certified by a responsible officer of
such agency or by the responsible individual.
106.5 Inspection and certification of specified use
groups: The building official shall periodically
inspect and certify buildings and structures or parts
thereof in accordance with Table 106. A building or
structure shall not be occupied or continue to be
occupied without the posting of a valid certificate of
inspection where required by Table 106. A
certificate of inspection as herein specified shall not
be issued until an inspection is made certifying that
the building or structure or parts thereof complies
with all the applicable requirements of 780 CMR,
and until the fee is paid as specified in Table 106.
Municipalities may increase or waive only in their
entirety for any specific use group the fees as
specified in said Table 106.
Exception: Municipalities may revise or modify,
or waive in part those fees for buildings and
structures or parts thereof owned by the
municipality, county or political subdivision
thereof and for buildings and structures or parts
thereof used solely for religious purposes.
TABLE 106
REQUIRED MINIMUM INSPECTIONS AND CERTIFICATIONS FOR SPECIFIED USE GROUPS
(See Chapters 3 and 4 for complete description of use groups)
Use
Group
Use Group
Use Group Description
Minimum
Inspections
Maximum
Certification
Period
Fees for Maximum
Certification
Period
A-l
Assembly - Theaters
over 400 capacity
With stage and scenery
Movie Theater
Semi- Annual
Semi- Annual
One Year
One Year
$75
$75
A-l
Assembly - Theaters
400 or less capacity
With stage and scenery
Movie Theater
Annual
Annual
One Year
One Year
$40
$40
A-2
Assembly - Night Clubs
or similar uses
Over 400 capacity
400 or less capacity
Semi Annual
Annual
One Year
One Year
$75
$40
A-3
Assembly Lecture
Halls, recreation centers,
terminals, etc.
Over 400 capacity
400 or less capacity
Semi Annual
Annual
One Year
One Year
note a
$40
A-4
Assembly
Churches, low density, recreation
& similar uses
Prior to issuance of
each new certificate
Five Years
$40
A-5
Assembly
Stadiums, bleachers, places of
outdoor assembly
Prior to issuance of
each new certificate
One Year
noteb
E
Educational
Educational
Prior to issuance of
each new certificate
One Year
$40
E
Day Care
Child day care centers
(see Chapter 4)
Prior to issuance of
each new certificate
One Year
$40
1-2
Institutional
Incapacitated - hospitals, nursing
homes, mental hospitals, certain
day care facilities (see Chapter 4)
Prior to issuance of
each new certificate
Two Years
note d
1-3
Institutional
Restrained - prisons, jails,
detention centers, etc.
Prior to issuance of
each new certificate
Two Years
notec
R-l
Residential
Hotels, motels, lodging houses,
dormitories, etc. (note g)
Prior to issuance of
each new certificate
One Year
note e
R-2
Residential
Multi family (note g)
Prior to issuance of
each new certificate
Five Years
notef
R-l
Residential Special
Occupancy
Detoxification facilities
(see Chapter 4)
Prior to issuance of
each new certificate
Two Years
$75
R-2
Residential Special
Occupancy
Summer camps for children
(see chapter 41
Annual
One Year
noteh
R-3or
R-4
Residential Special
Occupancy
Group Residence
(see Chapter 41
Annual
One Year
note h
R-5
Residential Special
Occupancy
Limited Group Residence
(see Chapter 4)
Annual
One Year
noteh
Notes applicable to Table 106
General: The maximum certification period specified in Table 106 is intended to provide administrative flexibility.
For those buildings and structures or parts thereof allowing more than one year maximum certification period, the
building official may determine the length of validity of the certificate issued. For example, a building in the R-2 use
group could be issued a certificate valid for one. two. three, four or five years. The total amount of fees charged for
a certificate or certificates issued during the maximum certification period can exceed the fee listed or referenced in
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column 4 of Table 106. For example, if the building official issues a certificate valid for two years for a building in
the R-2 use group, the fee charged would be 2/5 times the fee per maximum certification period as determined for the
building in question using the formula in Note f.
Note a. For buildings or structures, or parts thereof, in the A-3 Use Group categories, with capacities over 400. the
fee to be charged for the maximum certification period of one year is $75 for accommodations for up to 5,000 pcsons.
plus S15 for the accommodations for each additional 1,000 persons or fraction thereof.
Note b. For all buildings or structures, or parts thereof, in A-5 use group, the fee to be charged for the maximum
certification period of one year is $40 for seating accommodations for up to 5,000 persons, plus $8 for the
accommodation for each additional 1 .000 persons or fraction thereof.
Note c. For all buildings and structures, or parts thereof, in the 1-3 use group, the fee to be charged for the maximum
certification period of two years is $75 for each structure containing up to 100 beds, plus a $2 charge for each
additional ten beds or fraction thereof over the initial 100 beds.
Note d. For hospitals, nursing homes, sanitariums, and orphanages in the 1-2 use group, the fee to be charged for the
maximum certification period of two years is $75 for each structure containing up to 100 beds, plus a $2 charge for
each additional ten beds or fraction thereof over the initial 100 beds. All other buildings or structures or parts thereof
in the 1-2 use group classification shall be charged a fee of $75 for a two year maximum certification period.
Note e. For all buildings and structures or parts thereof in the R- 1 use group, the fee to be charged for the maximum
certification period of one year shall be $40 for up to five units plus $2 per unit for all over five units. A unit shall be
defined as follows:
two hotel guest rooms:
two lodging house guest rooms;
two boarding house guest rooms; or
four dormitory beds
Note f. For all buildings and structures or pans thereof in the R-2 use group, the fee to be charged for the maximum
certification period of five years shall be $75, plus $2 per dwelling unit.
Note g. For purposes of determining the required number of inspections, the maximum certification period, and the
fees, as specified in Table 106, dormitories are included in the R-l use group classification rather than the R-2.
Note h. Summer camps for children in use group R-2 shall be inspected and certified annually prior to the beginning
of each season. The annual fee shall be $ 15 for the first 25 residential units: $8 for each additional 25 residential units:
and $15 for each assembly building or use. (A residential unit for this purpose shall be defined as four beds).
106.6 Reports by the Building Official
106.6.1 Report to Appointing Authority: The
building official shall submit to the appointing
authority of the jurisdiction a written report of
operations in a form and content and at intervals
as shall be prescribed by the appointing authority.
106.6.2 Report to assessors: Pursuant to
M.G.L. c. 143, § $1, the building official shall
give to the assessors of the municipality written
notice of the granting of permits for the
construction of any buildings or structures, or for
the removal or demolition, or for any substantial
alteration or addition thereto. Such notice shall be
given within seven days after the granting of each
permit, and shall state the name of the person to
whom the permit was granted and the location of
the building or structure to be constructed,
reconstructed, altered, demolished or removed.
106.6.3 Report to Local United States
Postmaster: Pursuant to M.G.L. c. 143, § 3X the
building official shall notify the local United
States Postmaster of the issuance of a building
permit authorizing the construction of any
building containing ten or more residential units.
106.7 Department records: The building official
shall maintain official records of applications
received, permits and certificates issued, inspections
performed fees collected, reports of inspections, and
notices and orders issued Such records shall be
retained in the official records as long as the
building or structure to which they relate remains in
existence unless otherwise provided for by law.
780 CMR 107.0 DUTIES AND POWERS OF
THE STATE INSPECTOR
(M.G.L. c. 143, § 3A)
107.1 The State Inspector: In every city and town
780 CMR shall be enforced by the State Inspector of
the Department of Public Safety, Division of
Inspections, as to any structures or buildings or parts
thereof that are owned by the Commonwealth or any
departments, commissions, agencies, or authorities
of the Commonwealth. The state inspector shall
have as to such buildings and structures all the
powers of a building commissioner or inspector of
buildings. All buildings and structures owned by
any authority established by the legislature and not
owned by the Commonwealth shall be regulated in
accordance with 780 CMR 106.0.
107.2 Other responsibilities: The state inspector
shall make periodic reviews of all local building
inspection practices, provide technical assistance
and advice to the local building officials in the
implementation of 780 CMR, and report in writing
his findings to the building officials.
107.3 Review by the Commissioner of Public
Safety: The Commissioner of the Commonwealth
of Massachusetts, Department of Public Safety shall
establish districts which shall be supervised by a
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state inspector of the Division of Inspections. The
Commissioner may review, on his own initiative, or
on the application of any state inspector, any action
or refusal or failure of action by any building official
the result of which does not comply with the
uniform implementation of 780 CMR; and may
reverse, modify or annul, in whole or in part, such
action except with respect to the specialized codes,
provided that an order or action of the Commissioner
shall not reverse, modify, annul, or contravene any
order, action, determination, interpretation or any
decision by the BBRS or the State Building Code
Appeals Board.
107.4 Reports: The state inspector shall file with
the BBRS reports of his periodic reviews and
recommendations for improvements of building
inspection practices. The format and due dates for
these reports shall be determined by the BBRS.
780 CMR 108.0 RULES AND REGULATIONS
108.1 Rule making authority: Under authority
granted by St. 1984, c. 348, as amended, the BBRS
is empowered in the interest of public safety, health
and general welfare, to adopt and promulgate rules
and regulations, and to interpret and implement the
provisions of 780 CMR to secure the intent thereof.
108.2 Amendments and promulgation of rules:
In accordance with the provisions of M.G.L. c. 143,
§ 97, any person may propose amendments to
780 CMR. Public hearings shall be held in the city
of Boston in May and November of each year, and
at such other times and places as the BBRS may
determine, to consider petitions for such
amendments. Amendments adopted by the BBRS
shall be binding and have the full force and effect in
all cities and towns.
108.3 Activities requiring licenses, registration or
certification:
108.3.1 Testing laboratories: A testing
laboratory, branch laboratory and/or project
laboratory shall not test concrete and/or concrete
materials for use in structures subject to
construction control (780 CMR 116.0) and/or
controlled materials (780 CMR 17) unless
licensed by the BBRS in accordance with
780 CMR and 780 CMR Rl: the Rules and
Regulations for Licensing of Concrete Testing
Laboratories.
108.3.2 Field technicians: A person shall not
engage in the activities of field testing of concrete
for use in structures subject to construction
control (780 CMR 116.0) and/or controlled
materials (780 CMR 17) unless such person is
licensed by the BBRS in accordance with
780 CMR R2: the Rules and Regulations for
Concrete Testing Personnel.
108.3.3 Manufactured buildings: No individual,
organization or firm shall be engaged in the
construction of manufactured buildings for use in
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts unless
approved to construct same by the BBRS in
accordance with 780 CMR R3.
108.3.4 Native Lumber: No individual,
organization or firm shall engage in the
production of native lumber for use in structures
within the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
unless registered by the BBRS in accordance with
780 CMR and 780 CMR R4: the Rules and
Regulations Controlling the Use of Native
Lumber.
108.3.5 Licensing of Construction Supervisors:
108.3.5.1 Except for those structures governed
by Construction Control in 780 CMR 116.0,
effective July 1, 1982, no individual shall be
engaged in directly supervising persons
engaged in construction, reconstruction,
alteration, repair, removal or demolition
involving any activity regulated by any
provision of 780 CMR, unless said individual
is licensed in accordance the Rules and
Regulations for Licensing Construction
Supervisors as set forth in 780 CMR R5.
No person shall be engaged in the
supervision of the field erection of a
manufactured building unless such person is
licensed in accordance with 780 CMR R5: The
Rules and Regulations for the Licensing of
Construction Supervisors.
Exception: Any Home Owner performing
work for which a building permit is required
shall be exempt from the licensing
provisions of 780 CMR 108.3.5; provided
that if a Home Owner engages a person(s)
for hire to do such work, that such Home
Owner shall act as supervisor. This
exception shall not apply to the field
erection of a manufactured buildings
constructed pursuant to 780 CMR 35 and
780 CMR R3.
108.3.5.2 Exemptions from Construction
Supervisor License requirement; A
construction supervisor's license is not
required for: roofing, siding, erection of
rooftop solar collectors, construction of
swimming pools, the erection of signs,
installation of replacement windows not
involving structural modifications, the erection
of tents nor for projects which are subject to
construction control (780 CMR 1 16.0).
A construction supervisor's license is not
required for agricultural buildings which are
not open to the public or otherwise made
available for public use.
108.3.5.3 No municipality shall be prohibited
from requiring a license for those individuals
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engaged in directly supervising persons
engaged in construction, reconstruction,
alteration, repair, removal or demolition in
those categories of building and structures for
which the BBRS does not require a license,
provided that those municipalities which have
established licensing requirements for
construction supervisors prior to January 1,
1975, may maintain their existing licensing
requirements.
108.3.6 Registration of Home Improvement
Contractors: In accordance with the provisions
of M.G.L. c. 142A no home improvement
contractor, or organization or firm shall be
involved in the improvement of any existing
owner occupied one to four family residential
building unless said home improvement
contractor has registered with the BBRS in
accordance with the rules and regulations for the
registration of Home Improvement Contractors as
set forth in 780 CMR R6.
108.3.7 Certification of Inspectors of Buildings,
Building Commissioners and Local Inspectors;
The rules and regulations for the Certification of
Inspectors of Buildings, Building Commissioners
and Local Inspectors shall be as set forth in
780 CMR R7.
108.4 Enforcement: Whoever violates the
provisions of 780 CMR 108.0 or any rules and
regulations promulgated hereunder, or who falsifies
or counterfeits a license, registration or certification
issued by the BBRS, or who fraudulently issues or
accepts such a license, registration or certification
shall be punished as provided in 780 CMR 1 18.0 or
shall be subject to any other penalty provided for by
law.
780 CMR 109.0 APPROVAL
109.1 Approved materials and equipment: All
materials, equipment and devices approved by the
building official shall be constructed and installed in
accordance with such approval.
109.2 Used materials and equipment: Used
materials, equipment and devices which meet the
minimum requirements of 780 CMR for new
materials, equipment and devices shall be permitted;
however, the building official may require
satisfactory proof that such materials, equipment and
devices have been reconditioned, tested, and/or
placed in good and proper working condition prior
to approval.
109.3 Alternative materials and equipment:
109.3.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR
are not intended to limit the appropriate use or
installation of materials, appliances, equipment or
methods of design or construction not specifically
prescribed by 780 CMR, provided that any such
alternative has been approved. Alternative
materials, appliances, equipment or methods of
design or construction shall be approved when the
building official is provided acceptable proof and
has determined that said alternative is satisfactory
and complies with the intent of the provisions of
780 CMR, and that said alternative is, for the
purpose intended, at least the equivalent of that
prescribed in 780 CMR in quality, strength,
effectiveness, fire resistance, durability and
safety. Compliance with specific performance
based provisions of 780 CMR, in lieu of a
prescriptive requirement shall also be permitted as
an alternate.
109.3.2 Evidence submitted: The building
official may require that evidence or proof be
submitted to substantiate any claims that may be
made regarding the proposed alternate.
109.3.3 Tests: Determination of acceptance shall
be based on design or test methods or other such
standards approved by the BBRS. In the
alternative, where the BBRS has not provided
specific approvals, the building official may
accept, as supporting data to assist in this
determination, duly authenticated engineering
reports, formal reports from nationally
acknowledged testing/ listing laboratories, reports
from other accredited sources. The costs of all
tests, reports and investigations required under
these provisions shall be borne by the applicant.
109.3.4 Approval by the Construction
Materials Safety Board: The building official
may refer such matters to the Construction
Materials Safety Board in accordance with
780 CMR 123.0 for approval.
780 CMR 110.0 APPLICATION FOR PERMIT
110.1 Permit application: It shall be unlawful to
construct, reconstruct, alter, repair, remove or
demolish a building or structure; or to change the
use or occupancy of a building or structure; or to
install or alter any equipment for which provision is
made or the installation of which is regulated by
780 CMR without fir„t filing a written application
with the building official and obtaining the required
permit therefor.
110.2 Temporary Structures:
110.2.1 General: A building permit shall be
required for temporary structures, unless
exempted by 780 CMR 1 10.3. Such permits shall
be limited as to time of service, but such
temporary construction shall not be permitted for
more than one year.
110.2.2 Special approval: All temporary
construction shall conform to the structural
strength, fire safety, means of egress, light.
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ventilation, energy conservation and sanitary
requirements of 780 CMR as necessary to insure
the public health, safety and general welfare.
110.2.3 Termination of approval: The building
official may terminate such special approval and
order the demolition of any such construction at
the discretion of the building official.
110.3 Exemptions: A building permit is not
required for the following activities, such exemption,
however, shall not exempt the activity from any
review or permit which may be required pursuant to
other laws, by-laws, rules and regulations of other
jurisdictions (e.g. zoning, conservation, etc.).
1 . One story detached accessory buildings used
as tool or storage sheds, playhouses and similar
uses, provided the floor area does not exceed 120
square feet.
2. Fences six feet in height or less.
3. Retaining walls which, in the opinion of the
building official, are not a threat to the public
safety health or welfare and which retain less than
four feet of unbalanced fill.
4. Ordinary repairs as defined in 780 CMR 2.
Ordinary repairs shall not include the cutting
away of any wall, partition or portion thereof, the
removal or cutting of any structural beam, column
or other loadbearing support, or the removal or
change of any required means of egress, or
rearrangement of parts of a structure affecting the
egress requirements; nor shall ordinary repairs
include addition to, alteration of, replacement or
relocation of any standpipe, water supply,
mechanical system, fire protection system, energy
conservation system or other work affecting
public health or general safety.
5. Greenhouses: A building permit or notice to
the building official is not required for the
construction of greenhouses covered exclusively
with plastic film (in accordance with St. 1983,
c. 671). (This exemption does not apply if the
greenhouse is to be used for large assemblies of
people or uses other than normally expected for
this purpose.)
110.4 Form of application: The application for a
permit shall be submitted in such form as determined
by the building official but in all cases shall contain,
as a minimum, the information required on the
appropriate sample uniform building permit
application forms in Appendix B. The application
for a permit shall be accompanied by the required
fee as prescribed in 780 CMR 114.0 and the
construction documents as required in 780 CMR
1 10.7 and 1 10.8, where applicable.
110.5 By whom application is maJe: Application
for a permit shall be made by the owner or lessee of
the building or structure, or agent of either. If
application is made other than by the owner, the
written authorization of the owner shall accompany
the application. Such written authorization shall be
signed by the owner and shall include a statement of
ownership and shall identify the owner's authorized
agent, or shall grant permission to the lessee to apply
for the permit. The full names and addresses of the
owner, lessee, applicant and the responsible officers,
if the owner or lessee is a corporate body, shall be
stated in the application.
Note: It shall be the responsibility of the
registered contractor to obtain all permits
necessary for work covered by the Home
Improvement Contractor Registration Law,
M.G.L. c. 142A. An owner who secures his or
her own permits for such shall be excluded from
the guaranty fund provisions as defined in M.G.L.
c. 142A. Refer to 780 CMR R6 and M.G.L.
c. 142 A for additional information regarding the
Home Improvement Contractor Registration
Program.
110.6 The securing of a building permit by the
owner, or the owner's authorized agent, to construct,
reconstruct, alter, repair, demolish, remove, install
equipment or change the use or occupancy of a
building or structure, shall not be construed to
relieve or otherwise limit the duties and
responsibilities of the licensed, registered or certified
individual or firm under the rules and regulations
governing the issuance of such license registration or
certification.
110.7 Construction documents: The application for
permit shall be accompanied by not less than three
sets of construction documents. The building
official is permitted to waive, or modify the
requirements for filing construction documents when
the building official determines that the scope of the
work is of a minor nature. When the quality of the
materials is essential for conformity to 780 CMR,
specific information shall be given to establish such
quality, and 780 CMR shall not be cited, or the term
"legal" or its equivalent used as a substitute for
specific information.
110.8 Engineering Details, Reports, Calculations,
Plans and Specifications: In the application for a
permit for buildings and structures subject to
construction control in 780 CMR 116.0, the
construction documents shall contain sufficient plans
and details to fully describe the work intended,
including, but not limited to all details sufficient to
describe the structural, fire protection, fire alarm,
mechanical, light and ventilation, energy
conservation, architectural access and egress
systems. The building official may require such
calculations, descriptions narratives and reports
deemed necessary to fully describe the basis of
design for each system regulated by 780 CMR. In
accordance with the provisions of M.G.L. c. 143,
§ 54A all plans and specifications shall bear the
original seal and original signature of a
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
ADMINISTRATION
Massachusetts registered professional engineer or
registered architect responsible for the design,
except as provided in M.GL. c. 143, § 54A and any
profession or trade as provided in M.GL. c. 112,
§ 60L and M.GL. c. 112, § 81R.
When such application for permit must comply
with the provisions of 780 CMR 4 or 780 CMR 9 or
780 CMR 34, the building official shall cause one
set of construction documents filed pursuant to
780 CMR 1 10.7 to be transmitted simultaneously to
the head of the local fire department for his file,
review and approval of the items specified in
780 CMR 903.0 as they relate to the applicable
sections of 780 CMR 4, 780 CMR 9 or 780 CMR
34. The head of the local fire department shall
within ten working days from the date of receipt by
him, approve or disapprove such construction
documents. If the head of the local fire department
disapproves such construction documents, he or she
shall do so, in writing citing the relevant sections of
noncompliance with 7S0 CMR or the sections of the
referenced standards of Appendix A. Upon the
request of the head of the local fire department, the
building official may grant one or more extensions
of time for such review provided, however, that the
total review by said head of the local fire department
shall not exceed 30 Calendar days. If such approval,
disapproval or request for extension of time is not
received by the building official within said ten
working days, the building official may deem the
construction documents to be in full compliance
with the applicable sections of 780 CMR 4,
780 CMR 9 or 780 CMR 34 and, therefore approved
by the head of the local fire department.
110.9 Existing Buildings: The application for a
building permit to reconstruct, alter or change the
use or occupancy of existing buildings or structures
which are subject to construction control pursuant to
780 CMR 1 16.0, shall be accompanied by a building
survey where required by 780 CMR 34 and
Appendix F.
110.10 Site plan: A site plan shall be filed showing,
to scale, the size and location of all new construction
and all existing structures on the site, distances from
lot lines, the established street grades and the
proposed finished grades; and it shall be drawn in
accordance with an accurate boundary line survey.
In the case of demolition, the site plan shall show all
construction to be demolished and the location and
size of all existing structures and construction that
are to remain on the site or plot.
110.11 Independent Structural Engineering
Review:
110.11.1 As a condition for the issuance of a
building permit, the structural design of the
following described structures shall be reviewed
by an independent structural engineer to verify
that the design of the primary structure is
conceptually correct and that there are no major
errors in the design:
1 . Buildings which are five stories or more in
height above the lowest floor, including stories
below grade.
2. Buildings which enclose a total volume of
400,000 cubic feet, including stories below
grade. The volume shall be measured using the
outside dimensions of the building.
3 . Structures in Use Group A, or structures
which are partially in Use Group A, which will
be used for public assembly of 300 or more
persons.
4. Structures of unusual complexity or design
shall be determined by the BBRS. A building
official may apply to the BBRS for such a
determination on a specific structure.
ExemptionTemporary structures erected for a
period of one year or less.
110.11.2 Requirements for the review: The
independent structural engineering review shall be
in accordance with the requirements of
Appendix I.
110.11.3 Disputes between the structural
engineer responsible for the design of the building
or structure and the structural engineering peer
shall be resolved by the structural peer review
advisory committee in accordance with 780 CMR
125.0.
110.12 Structures subject to control: In those
structures subject to control as required in 780 CMR
1 16.0, affidavits must be submitted with the permit
application that the individuals and testing
laboratories responsible for carrying out the duties
specified in 780 CMR 1 16.0 have been licensed by
the BBRS.
110.13 Amendments to application: Subject to the
limitations of 780 CMR 110.14, amendments to a
plan, application or other records accompanying the
same shall be filed prior to the commencement of the
work for which the amendment to the permit is
sought or issued. Such amendments shall be deemed
part of the original application and shall be
submitted in accordance with 780 CMR 1 10.0.
110.14 Time limitation of application: An
application for a permit for any proposed work shall
be deemed to have been abandoned six months after
the date of filing, unless such application has been
diligently prosecuted or a permit shall have been
issued; except that the building official shall grant
one or more extensions of time for additional periods
not exceeding 90 days each if there is reasonable
cause and upon written request by the owner.
780 CMR 111.0 PERMITS
111.1 Action on application: The building official
shall examine or cause to be examined all
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applications for permits and amendments thereto
within 30 days after filing thereof. If the application
or the construction documents do not conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR and all pertinent laws
under the building official's jurisdiction, the
building official shall reject such application in
writing, stating the reasons therefor. If the building
official is satisfied that the proposed work conforms
to the requirements of 780 CMR and all laws and
ordinances applicable thereto, the building official
shall issue a permit therefor.
111.2 Zoning: In accordance with the provisions of
M.G.L. c. 40A or St. 1956, c. 665 as amended, no
permit for the construction, alteration, change of use
or moving of any building or structure shall be
issued if such building or structure or use would be
in violation of any zoning ordinance or by-law.
111.3 Railroad right-of-way: No permit to build a
structure of any kind on land formerly used as a
railroad right-of-way or any property appurtenant
thereto formerly used by any railroad company in
the state shall be issued without first obtaining, after
public hearing, the consent in writing to the issuance
of such permit from the Secretary of the Executive
Office of Transportation and Construction, all in
accordance with M.G.L. c. 40, § 54A.
111.4 Water Supply: No permit shall be issued for
the construction of a building or structure which
would necessitate the use of water therein, unless a
supply of water is available therefor, either from a
water system operated by a city, town or district, or
from a well located on the land where the building or
structure is to be constructed, or from a water
corporation or company, as required by M.G.L.
c. 40, § 54.
111.5 Debris: As a condition of issuing a permit for
the demolition, renovation, rehabilitation or other
alteration of a building or structure, M.G.L. c. 40,
§ 54 requires that the debris resulting therefrom shall
be disposed of in a properly licensed solid waste
disposal facility as defined by M.G.L. c. Ill,
§ 150A. Signature of the permit applicant, date and
number of the building permit to be issued shall be
indicated on a form provided by the building
department, and attached to the office copy of the
building permit retained by the building department.
If the debris will not be disposed of as indicated, the
holder of the permit shall notify the building official,
in writing, as to the location where the debris will be
disposed.
111.6 Workers' Compensation: No permit shall be
issued to construct, reconstruct, alter or demolish a
building or structure until acceptable proof of
insurance pursuant to M.G.L. c. 152, § 25C(6) has
been provided to the building official.
111.7 Expiration of permit: Any permit issued
shall be deemed abandoned and invalid unless the
work authorized by it shall have been commenced
within six months after its issuance; however, for
cause, and upon written request of the owner, one or
more extensions of time, for periods not exceeding
six months each, may be granted in writing by the
building commissioner or inspector of buildings.
Work under such a permit in the opinion of the
building commissioner or inspector of buildings,
must proceed in good faith continuously to
completion so far as is reasonably practicable under
the circumstances. It is the sole responsibility of the
owner to inform, in writing, the building
commissioner or inspector of buildings of any facts
which support an extension of time. The building
commissioner or inspector of buildings has no
obligation under 780 CMR 111.7 to seek out
information which may support an extension of time.
The owner may not satisfy this requirement by
informing any other municipal and/or state official
or department.
For purposes of 780 CMR 111.7 any permit
issued shall not be considered invalid if such
abandonment or suspension of work is due to a court
order prohibiting such work as authorized by such
permit; provided, however, in the opinion of the
building commissioner or inspector of buildings, the
person so prohibited by such court order, adequately
defends such action before the court.
111.8 Previous approvals: 780 CMR shall not
require changes in the construction documents,
construction or designated use group of a building
for which a lawful permit has been heretofore issued
or otherwise lawfully authorized, and the
construction of which has been actively prosecuted
within 180 days after the effective date of 780 CMR
and is completed with dispatch.
111.9 Signature to permit: The building official's
signature shall be attached to every permit; or the
building official shall authorize a subordinate to
affix such signature thereto.
111.10 Approved construction documents. When
the building official has determined that the
proposed construction conforms to the provisions of
780 CMR and other applicable laws, by-laws, rules
and regulations under his/her jurisdiction, the
building official shall stamp or endorse in writing
the three sets of construction documents
"Approved". One set of the approved construction
documents shall be retained by the building official,
one set by the head of the local fire department and
the other set shall be kept at the construction site,
open to inspection of the building official or an
authorized representative at all reasonable times.
111.12 Revocation of permits: The building official
shall revoke a permit or approval issued under the
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ADMINISTRATION
the necessary retaining walls and fences in
' " the provisions of 780 CMR 33.
provisions of 780 CMR in case of any false
statement or misrepresentation of fact in the
application or on the plans on which the permit or
approval was based.
111.13 Approval in part: The building official may
issue a permit for the construction of foundations or
any other part of a building or structure before the
construction documents for the whole building or
structure have been submitted, provided that
adequate information and detailed statements have
been filed complying with all of the pertinent
requirements of 780 CMR. Work shall be limited to
that work approved by the partial approval and
further work shall proceed only when the building
permit is amended in accordance with 780 CMR
110.13. The holder of such permit for the
foundation or other parts of a building or structure
shall proceed at the holder's own risk with the
building operation and without assurance that a
permit for the entire building or structure will be
granted.
111.14 Posting of permit: A true copy of the
building permit shall be kept on the site of
operations, open to public inspection during the
entire time of prosecution of the work and until the
completion of the same.
111.15 Notice of start: At least 24-hour notice of
start of work under a building permit shall be given
to the building official.
780 CMR 112.0 DEMOLITION OF
STRUCTURES
112.1 Service connections: Before a building or
structure is demolished pr removed, the owner or
agent shall notify all utilities having service
connections within the structure such as water,
electric, gas, sewer and other connections. A permit
to demolish or remove a building or structure shall
not be issued until a release is obtained from the
utilities, stating that their respective service
connections and appurtenant equipment, such as
meters and regulators, have been removed or sealed
and plugged in a safe manner.
All debris shall be disposed of in accordance with
780 CMR 11 1.5.
112.2 Notice to adjoining owners: Only when
written notice has been given by the applicant to the
owners of adjoining lots and to the owners of wired
or other facilities, of which the temporary removal is
necessitated by the proposed work, shall a permit be
granted for the removal of a building or structure.
112.3 Lot regulation: Whenever a building or
structure is demolished or removed, the premises
shall be maintained free from all unsafe or hazardous
conditions by the proper regulation of the lot,
restoration of established grades and the erection of
the necessary retaining walls and fent
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR '.
780 CMR 113.0 CONDITIONS OF PERMIT
113.1 Payment of fees: A permit shall not be issued
until the fees prescribed in 780 CMR 114.0 have
been paid.
113.2 Compliance with code: The permit shall be a
license to proceed with the work and shall not be
construed as authority to violate, cancel or set aside
any of the provisions of 780 CMR or any other law
or regulation, except as specifically stipulated by
modification or legally granted variation as
described in the application.
113.3 Compliance with permit: All work shall
conform to the approved application and the
approved construction documents for which the
permit has been issued and any approved
amendments to the approved application or the
approved construction documents.
113.4 Compliance with site plan: All new work
shall be located strictly in accordance with the
approved site plan.
780 CMR 114.0 FEES
114.1 General: A permit to begin work for new
construction, alteration, removal, demolition or other
building operation shall not be issued until the fees
prescribed in 780 CMR 1 14.0 shall have been paid
to the department of building inspection or other
authorized agency of the jurisdiction, nor shall an
amendment to a permit necessitating an additional
fee be approved until the additional fee has been
paid.
114.2 Special fees: The payment of the fee for the
construction, alteration, removal or demolition for
all work done in connection with or concurrently
with the work contemplated by a building permit
shall not relieve the applicant or holder of the permit
from the payment of other fees that are prescribed by
law or ordinance for water taps, sewer connections,
electrical permits, erection of signs and display
structures, marquees or other appurtenant
structures, or fees of inspections, certificates of
occupancy or other privileges or requirements, both
within and without the jurisdiction of the department
of building inspection.
114.3 New construction and alterations: The fees
for plan examination, building permit and
inspections shall be as prescribed in 780 CMR
114.3.1 and the building official is authorized to
establish by approved rules a schedule of unit rates
for buildings and structures of all use groups and
types of construction as classified and defined in
780 CMR 1, 3 and 6.
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
114.3.1 Fee schedule: A fee for each plan
examination, building permit and inspection shall
be paid in accordance with the fee schedule as
established by the municipality.
114.4 Accounting: The building official shall keep
an accurate account of all fees collected; and such
collected fees shall be deposited in the jurisdiction
treasury in accordance with procedures established
by the municipality, or otherwise disposed of as
required by law.
780 CMR 115.0 INSPECTION
115.1 Preliminary inspection: Before issuing a
permit, the building official shall, if deemed
necessary, examine or cause to be examined all
buildings, structures and sites for which an
application has been filed for a permit to construct,
enlarge, alter, repair, remove, demolish or change
the use or occupancy thereof.
115.2 Required inspections: After issuing a
building permit, the building official shall conduct
inspections during construction at intervals sufficient
to ensure compliance with the provisions of
780 CMR. The building official shall inform the
applicant of the required points of inspection at the
time of application. Upon completion of the work
for which a permit has been issued, the building
official shall conduct a final inspection pursuant to
780 CMR 115.5. A record of all such examinations
and inspections and of all violations of 780 CMR
shall be maintained by the building official. For
buildings and structures subject to construction
control, the owner shall provide for special
inspections in accordance with 780 CMR 1705.0.
In conjunction with specific construction projects,
the building official may designate specific
inspection points in the course of construction that
require the contractor or builder to give the building
official 24 hours notice prior to the time when those
inspections need to be performed. The building
official shall make the inspections within 48 hours
after notification.
115.3 Approved inspection agencies: The building
official may accept reports of approved inspection
agencies provided such agencies satisfy the
requirements as to qualifications and reliability.
115.4 Plant inspection: Where required by the
provisions of 780 CMR or by the approved rules,
materials or assemblies shall be inspected at the
point of manufacture or fabrication in accordance
with 780 CMR 1703.3.
115.5 Final inspection: Upon completion of the
building or structure, and before issuance of the
certificate of occupancy required by, 780 CMR
120.0, a final inspection shall be made. All
variations of the approved construction documents
and permit shall be noted and the holder of the
permit shall be notified of the discrepancies.
115.6 General: In the discharge of his duties, the
building official shall have the authority to enter at
any reasonable hour any building, structure or
premises in the municipality to enforce the
provisions of 780 CMR.
If any owner, occupant, or other person refuses,
impedes, inhibits, interferes with, restricts, or
obstructs entry and free access to every part of the
structure, operation or premises where inspection
authorized by 780 CMR is sought, the building
official, or state inspector may seek, in a court of
competent jurisdiction, a search warrant so as to
apprise the owner, occupant or other person
concerning the nature of the inspection and
justification for it and may seek the assistance of
police authorities in presenting said warrant.
115.7 Identification: The building official shall
carry proper identification when inspecting
structures or premises in the performance of duties
under 780 CMR.
115.8 Jurisdictional cooperation: The assistance
and cooperation of police, fire, and health
departments and all other officials shall be available
to the building official as required in the
performance of his duties.
115.9 Coordination of inspections: Whenever in
the enforcement of 780 CMR or another code or
ordinance, the responsibility of more than one
building official of the jurisdiction is involved, it
shall be the duty of the building officials involved to
coordinate their inspections and administrative
orders as fully as practicable so that the owners and
occupants of the building or structure sha'l not be
subjected to visits by numerous inspectors or
multiple or conflicting orders. Whenever an ■
inspector from any agency or department observes
an apparent or actual violation of some provision of
some law, ordinance or code not within the
inspector's authority to enforce, the inspector shall
report the findings to the building official having
jurisdiction.
780 CMR 116.0 REGISTERED
ARCHITECTURAL AND
PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING
SERVICES - CONSTRUCTION CONTROL
116.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR 1 16.0
define the construction controls required for all
buildings and structures needing registered
architectural or registered professional engineering
services, and delineate the responsibilities of such
professional services together with those services
that are the responsibility of the contractor during
construction.
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7S0 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
.ADMINISTRATION
i he following structures are exempt from the
requirements of 7S0 CMR 1 16.0;
1. Any building containing less than 35,000
cubic feet of enclosed space, measured to the
exterior surfaces of walls and roofs and to the tcp
of a ground supported floor, or in the case of a
crawl space, to the bottom surface of the crawl
space. In the case of basement floors or levels,
the calculation of enclosed space shall include
such spaces.
2. Any single or two family dwelling or any
accessory building thereto;
3. Any building used exclusively for farm
purposes (this exemption does not apply if the
building is to be used for large assemblies of
people or uses other than farm purposes); and
4. Retaining walls less than ten feet in height at
all points along the wall as measured from the
base of the footing to the top of the wall.
Notwithstanding the exemptions above, professional
engineering services shall be required for activities
which are deemed to constitute the practice of
engineering as defined in M.GL. c. 112, § SID,
except as provided in M.GL. c. 54A and any legally
required profession or as provided in M.GL. c. 1 12,
§S1R.
116.2 Registered architectural and engineering
services:
116.2.1 Design: All plans, computations and
specifications involving new construction,
alterations, repairs, expansions or additions or
change in use or occupancy of existing buildings
shall be prepared by or under the direct
supervision of a Massachusetts registered
architect or Massachusetts registered professional
engineer and shall bear his or her original
signature and seal or by the legally recognized
professional performing the work, as defined by
M.G.L. c. 112, §81R. Said signature and seal
shall signify that the plans, computations and
specifications meet the applicable provisions of
780 CMR and all accepted engineering practices.
116.2.2 Architect/engineer responsibilities
during construction: The registered architects
and registered professional engineers who have
prepared plans, computations and specifications
or the registered architects or registered
professional engineers who have been retained to
perform construction phase services, shall
perform the following tasks for the portion of the
work for which they are directly responsible;
1. Review, for conformance to the design
concept, shop drawings, samples and other
submittals which are submitted by the
contractor in accordance with the requirements
of the construction documents.
2. Review and approval of the quality control
procedures for all code-required controlled
materials.
3. Be present at intervals appropriate to the
stage of construction to become, generally
familiar with the progress and quality of the
work and to determine, in general, if the work
is being performed in a manner consistent with
the construction documents.
116.2.3 Structural Tests and Inspections:
Structural tests and inspection shall be provided in
accordance with 780 CMR 1705.0.
116.2.4 Tests and Inspections of non structural
systems: Tests a. id inspections of non structural
systems shall be performed in accordance with
applicable engineering practice standards or
referenced standards listed in Appendix A.
116.3 Construction contractor services The
actual construction of the work shall be the
responsibility of the general contractor as identified
on the approved building permit and shall involve
the following:
1. Execution of all work in accordance with the
approved construction documents.
2. Execution and control of all methods of
construction in a safe and satisfactory manner in
accordance with all applicable local, state, and
federal statutes and regulations.
3. Upon completion of the construction, he shall
certify to the best of his knowledge and belief that
such has been done in substantial accord with
780 CMR 116.3 items 1 and 2 and with all
pertinent deviations specifically noted.
116.4 On site project representation: When
applications for unusual designs or magnitude of
construction are filed, or where reference standards
require special architectural or engineering
inspections, the building official may require full-
time project representation by a registered architect
or professional engineer in addition to that provided
in 780 CMR 116.2.2. The project representative
shall keep daily records and submit reports as may
be required by the building official. Upon
completion of the work, the registered architect or
professional engineer shall file a final report
indicating that the work has been performed in
accordance with the approved plans and 780 CMR.
116.4.1 Building permit requirement: This on-
site project representation requirement shall be
determined prior to the issuance of the building
permit and shall be a requisite for the permit
issuance. Refusal by the applicant to provide
such service as required by the building official
shall result in the denial of the permit. However,
the applicant may file an appeal as provided in
780 CMR 122.0.
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
116.4.2 Fee and costs: All fees and costs related
to the performance of on-site project
representation shall be borne by the owner.
116.5 Building official responsibility: Nothing
contained in 780 CMR 1 16.0 shall have the effect of
waiving or limiting the building official's authority
to enforce 780 CMR with respect to examination of
the contract documents, including plans,
computations and specifications, and field
inspections (see 780 CMR 106.0).
780 CMR 117.0 WORKMANSHIP
117.1 General: All work shall be conducted,
installed and completed in a workmanlike and
acceptable manner so as to secure the results
intended by 780 CMR.
780 CMR 118.0 VIOLATIONS
118.1 Unlawful acts: It shall be unlawful for any
person, firm or corporation to use, occupy or change
the use or occupancy of any building or structure or
to erect, construct, alter, extend, repair, remove,
demolish any building or structure or any equipment
regulated by 780 CMR or cause same to be done, in
conflict with or in violation of any of the provisions
of 780 CMR.
118.2 Notice of violation: The building official shall
serve a notice of violation or order on the person
responsible for the erection, construction, alteration,
extension, repair, removal, demolition or occupancy
of a building or structure in violation of the
provisions of 780 CMR or in violation of a detail
statement or a plan approved thereunder, or in
violation of a permit or certificate issued under the
provisions of 780 CMR. Such order shall be in
writing and shall direct the discontinuance of the
illegal action or condition and the abatement of the
violation.
118.3 Prosecution of violation: If the notice of
violation is not complied with in the time period
specified in said notice of violation, the building
official may institute the appropriate proceedings at
law or in equity to restrain, correct or abate such
violation or to require the removal or termination of
the unlawful occupancy of the building or structure
in violation of the provisions of 780 CMR or of the
order or direction made pursuant thereto.
118.4 Violation penalties: Whoever violates any
provision of 780 CMR, except any specialized code
referenced herein, shall be punishable by a fine of
not more than $1,000 or by imprisonment for not
more than one year, or both for each such violation.
Each day during which a violation exists shall
constitute a separate offense. The building official
shall not begin criminal prosecution for such
violations until the lapse of 30 days after the
issuance of the written notice of violation.
118.5 Abatement of violation: The imposition of
the penalties herein prescribed shall not preclude the
legal officer of the jurisdiction from instituting
appropriate action to prevent unlawful construction
or to restrain, correct or abate a violation, or to
prevent illegal occupancy of a building, structure or
premises or to stop an illegal act, conduct, business
or occupancy of a building or structure on or about
any premises.
118.6 Notice or orders, service and content:
Every notice or order authorized by 780 CMR shall
be in writing and shall be served on the person
responsible:
1 . personally, by any person authorized by the
building official; or
2. by any person authorized to serve civil
process by leaving a copy of the order or notice at
the responsible party's last and usual place of
abode; or
3. by sending the party responsibile a copy of the
order by registered or certified mail return receipt
requested, if he is within the Commonwealth; or
4. if the responsibile party's last and usual place
of abode is unknown, by posting a copy of this
order or notice in a conspicuous place on or about
the premises in violation and by publishing it for
at least three out of five consecutive days in one
or more newspapers of general circulation
wherein the building or premises affected is
situated.
780 CMR 1 19.0 STOP WORK ORDER
119.1 Notice to owner: Upon notice from the
building official that work on any building or
structure is being prosecuted contrary to the
provisions of 780 CMR or in an unsafe and
dangerous manner or contrary to the approved
construction documents submitted in support of the
building permit application, such work shall be
immediately stopped. The stop work order shall be
in writing and shall be given to the owner of the
property involved, or to the owner's agent, or to the
person doing the work; and shall state the conditions
under which work will be permitted to resume.
119.2 Unlawful continuance: Any person who shall
continue any work in or about the building or
structure after having been served with a stop work
order, except such work as that person is directed to
perform to remove a violation or unsafe condition,
shall be liable to a fine of not more than $1,000 or
by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both
for each such violation. Each day during which a
violation exists shall constitute a separate offense.
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ADMINISTRATION
780 CMR 120.0 CERTIFICATE OF
OCCUPANCY
120.1 General: New buildings and structures: A
building or structure hereafter shall not be used or
occupied in whole or in part until the certificate of
use and occupancy shall have been issued by the
building commissioner or inspector of buildings or,
when applicable, the state inspector. The certificate
shall not be issued until all the work has been
completed in accordance with the provisions of the
approved permits and of the applicable codes for
which a permit is required, except as provided in
780 CMR 120.3.
120.2 Buildings or structures hereafter altered:
A building or structure, in whole or in part, altered
to change from one use group to another; to a
different use within the same use group; the fire
grading: the maximum live load capacity; the
occupancy load capacity shall not be occupied or
used until the certificate shall have been issued
certifying that the work has been completed in
accordance with the provisions of the approved
permits and of the applicable codes for which a
permit is required. Any use or occupancy, which
was not discontinued during the work of alteration,
shall be discontinued within 30 days after the
completion of the alteration unless the required
certificate is issued.
120.3 Temporary occupancy: Upon the request of
the holder of a permit, a temporary certificate of
occupancy may be issued before the completion of
the entire work covered by the permit, provided that
such portion or portions shall be occupied safely
prior to full completion of the building or structure
without endangering life or public welfare. Any
occupancy permitted to continue during the work
shall be discontinued within 30 days after
completion of the work unless a certificate of
occupancy is issued by the building official.
120.4 Contents of certificate: When a building or
structure is entitled thereto, the building official
shall issue a certificate of occupancy within ten days
after written application. Upon completion of the
final inspection in accordance with 780 CMR 115.5
and correction of the violations and discrepancies,
and compliance with 780 CMR 903.4, the certificate
of occupancy shall be issued. The certificate of
occupancy shall specify the following.
1. The edition of the code under which the
permit was issued.
2. The use group and occupancy, in accordance
with the provisions of 780 CMR 3.
3 The type of construction as defined in
780 CMR 6.
4. The occupant load per floor.
5. Any special stipulations and conditions of the
building permit.
120.5 Posting structures:
120.5.1 Posted use and occupancy: A suitably
designed placard approved by the building official
shall be posted by the owner on all floors of every
building and structure and part thereof designed
for high hazard, storage, mercantile, factory and
industrial or business use (use groups H, S, M, F
and B) as defined in 780 CMR 3. Said placard
shall be securely fastened to the building or
structure in a readily visible place, stating: the
use group, the fire grading, the live load and the
occupancy load.
120.5.2 Posted occupancy load: A suitably
designed placard approved by the building official
shall be posted by the owner in every room where
practicable of every building and structure and
part thereof designed for use as a place of public
assembly or as an institutional building for
harboring people for penal, correctional,
educational, medical or other care or treatment, or
as residential buildings used for hotels, lodging
houses, boarding houses, dormitory buildings,
multiple family dwellings (use groups A, I, R-l
and R-2). Said placard shall designate the
maximum occupancy load.
120.5.3 Replacement of posted signs: All
posting signs shall be furnished by the owner and
shall be of permanent design; they shall not be
removed or defaced, and if lost, removed or
defaced, shall be immediately replaced.
120.5.4 Periodic inspection for posting: The
building official may periodically inspect all
existing buildings and structures except one and
two family dwellings for compliance with
780 CMR in respect to posting; or he may accept
the report of such inspections from a qualified
registered engineer or architect or others certified
by the BBRS; and such inspections and reports
shall specify any violation of the requirements of
780 CMR in respect to the posting of floor load,
fire grading, occupancy load and use group of the
building or structure.
780 CMR 121.0 UNSAFE STRUCTURES
121.1 General The provisions of 780 CMR 121.0
are established by M.G.L. c. 143, §§ 6, 7, 8, 9 and
10.
121.2 Inspection: The building official
immediately upon being informed by report or
otherwise that a building or other structure or
anything attached thereto or connected therewith is
dangerous to life or limb or that any building in that
city or town is unused, uninhabited or abandoned,
and open to the weather, shall inspect the same; and
he shall forthwith in writing notify the owner to
remove it or make it safe if it appears to him to be
dangerous, or to make it secure if it is unused,
uninhabited or abandoned and open to the weather.
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If it appears that such building or structure would be
especially unsafe in case of fire, it shall be deemed
dangerous within the meaning hereof, and the
building official may affix in a conspicuous place
upon its exterior walls a notice of its dangerous
condition, which shall not be removed or defaced
without authority from him.
121.3 Removal or making structure safe: Any
person so notified shall be allowed until 12:00 noon
of the day following the service of the notice in
which to begin to remove such building or structure
or make it safe, or to make it secure, and he shall
employ sufficient labor speedily to make it safe or
remove it or to make it secure; but if the public
safety so requires and if the mayor or selectmen so
order, the building official may immediately enter
upon the premises with the necessary workmen and
assistants and cause such unsafe structure to be made
safe or demolished without delay and a proper fence
put up for the protection of passersby, or to be made
secure.
121.4 Failure to remove or make structure safe,
survey board, survey report: If an owner of such
unsafe structure refuses or neglects to comply with
the requirements of such notice within the specified
time limit, and such structure is not made safe or
taken down as ordered therein, a careful survey of
the premises shall be made oy a board consisting; in
a city, of a city engineer, the head of the fire
department, as such term is defined in M.G.L.
c. 148, § 1, and one disinterested person to be
appointed by the building official; and, in a town of
a surveyor, the head of the fire department and one
disinterested person to be appointed by the building
official. In the absence of any of the above officers
or individuals, the mayor or selectmen shall
designate one or more officers or other suitable
persons in place of the officers so named as
members of said board. A written report of such
survey shall be made, and a copy thereof served on
such owner.
121.5 Removal of dangerous or abandoned
structures: If such survey report as outlined in
780 CMR 121.4 declares such structure to be
dangerous or to be unused, uninhabited or
abandoned, and open to the weather, and if the
owner continues such refusal or neglect, the building
official shall cause it to be made safe or taken down
or to be made secure; and, if the public safety so
requires, said building official may at once enter the
structure, the land on which it stands or the abutting
land or buildings, with such assistance as he may
require, and secure the same; and may remove and
evict, under the pertinent provisions of M.G.L.
c. 239, or otherwise, any tenant or occupant thereof;
and may erect such protection for the public by
proper fence or otherwise as may be necessary, and
for this purpose may close a public highway. In the
case of such demolition, the said building official
shall cause such lot to be leveled to conform with
adjacent grades by a inorganic fill. The costs and
charges incurred shall constitute a lien upon the land
upon which the structure is located, and shall be
enforced in an action of contract; and such owner
shall, for every day's continuance of such refusal or
neglect after being so notified, be punished by a fine
in accordance with 780 CMR 1 18.4. The provisions
of M.G.L. c. 139, § 3A paragraph two, relative to
liens for such debt and the collection of claims for
such debt shall apply to any debt referred to in this
section, except that the said building official shall
act hereunder in place of the mayor or board of
selectmen. During the time such order is in effect,
it shall be unlawful to use or occupy such structure
or any portion thereof for any purpose.
121.6 Remedy of person ordered to remove a
dangerous structure or make it safe:
Notwithstanding the provisions of 780 CMR 122, an
owner, aggrieved by such order may have the
remedy prescribed by M.G.L. c. 139, § 2: provided
that any provision of M.G.L. c. 139, § 2 shall not be
construed so as to hinder, delay or prevent the
building official from acting and proceeding under
780 CMR 121; and provided, further, that this
section shall not prevent the city or town from
recovering the forfeiture provided in said 780 CMR
121.5 from the date of the service of the original
notice, unless the order is annulled by the jury.
780 CMR 122.0 BOARD OF APPEALS
122.1 State Building Code Appeals Board:
Except for actions taken pursuant to 780 CMR
121.0, whoever is aggrieved by an interpretation,
order, requirement, direction or failure to act under
780 CMR by any agency or official of the city, town
or region, or agency or official of the State charged
with the administration or enforcement of 780 CMR
or any of its rules or regulations, excepting any
specialized codes, may appeal directly to the State
Building Code Appeals Board as provided in
780 CMR 122.0.
Whoever is aggrieved by an interpretation, order,
requirement, direction or failure to act under
780 CMR by any agency or official of a city, town
or region charged with the administration or
enforcement of 780 CMR, excepting any specialized
codes, may appeal directly to the State Building
Code Appeals Board or may appeal first to a local or
regional building code appeals board and if
aggrieved thereby he may then appeal to the State
Building Code Appeals Board as provided in
780 CMR 122.0.
In the event an appeal is taken directly to the State
Building Code Appeals Board from an
interpretation, order, requirement or direction, said
appeal shall be filed as specified in 780 CMR
122.3.1 with the State Building Code Appeals Board
not later than 45 days after the service of notice
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thereof of the interpretation, order, requirement or
direction.
In the event the appeal is taken directly to the
State Building Code Appeals Board for the failure to
act, the appeal shall be taken not later than 45 days
after a request to act has been made by the aggrieved
person in writing and served upon the appropriate
building official or chief administrative officer of the
state or local agency which fails to act.
If the aggrieved person elects to appeal before the
local or regional building code appeals board, he
shall not be allowed to enter such appeal with the
State Building Code Appeals Board until such time
as the said local or regional board renders a decision,
unless the reason for appeal to the State Building
Code Appeals Board is the failure of the local or
regional board to act.
122.2 Membership:
122.2.1 Three member panel: The State
Building Code Appeals Board (hereinafter
referred to in 780 CMR 122.0 as the Board) shall
consist of the membership of the BBRS. The
chairman of the BBRS shall be Chairman of the
Board. The Chairman of the Board may designate
any three members of the Board to act as a three
member panel to hold any public hearing under
780 CMR 122.0 and to hear testimony and take
evidence. The Chairman of the Board shall select
one of the three members to act as chairman of the
said three member panel. If a three member panel
is so designated, the three member panel shall act
as the Appeals Board and render a decision as
provided in 780 CMR 122.0.
122.2.2 Clerk: The administrator of the BBRS
shall designate a clerk to the BBRS. The clerk
shall keep a detailed record of all decisions and
appeals and a docket book on file showing the
name of each appeal properly indexed and the
disposition of the appeal. Said docket book shall
be open to public inspection at all times during
normal business hours.
122.2.3 Quorum: A majority of the Board shall
constitute a quorum if the appeal is heard by the
entire Board.
122.3 Appeals procedure for State Building Code
Appeals Board:
122.3.1 Entry: Appeals shall be entered on
forms provided by the BBRS and shall be
accompanied by an entry fee of SI 50 or such
other amounts as may be determined by the BBRS
from time to time.
The appeal shall be signed by the appellant or
his attorney or agent and shall note the name and
address of the person or agency in whose behalf
the appeal is taken and the name of the person and
address wherein service of notice for the appellant
is to be made. The appeal shall also state in detail
the interpretation, order, requirement, direction or
failure to act which are the grounds of the appeals
as well as the particular section or sections of
780 CMR which are involved in the appeal and
the reasons for the appellant advances supporting
the appeal.
A copy of the appeal shall be served in
accordance with 780 CMR 1 18.6 by the appellant
on the person or state, regional or local agency
from whose action or inaction the appeal is taken,
on or before entry of the appeal. An affidavit,
under oath, that such copy has been served shall
be filed with the Board forthwith by the appellant.
122.3.2 Stay of Proceedings: Entry of an appeal
shall stay all proceedings in furtherance of the
action or failure to act appealed from, unless the
state, regional or local agency or any person
charged with the administration or enforcement of
780 CMR presents evidence and the Board or a
three member panel or a single member of the
Board, appointed by the chairman for said
purpose, finds that upon the evidence presented a
stay would involve imminent peril to life or
property. In such an event, stay of all proceedings
shall be waived or the Board or three member
panel or single member may order such other
action necessary to preserve public safety.
Before waiving the stay or proceedings, the
Board or three member panel or single member of
the Board, appointed by the chairman for said
purpose, shall hold a hearing and give the
appellant and state, regional or local agency or
any person claiming that a stay would involve
imminent peril to life or property, notice in
writing of the hearing not less than 24 hours
before said hearing.
122.3.3 Documents: Upon entry, the clerk shall
request in writing from the state, city, regional or
town officer in charge of the matter on appeal, a
copy of the record and all other papers and
documents relative to the appeal to be transmitted
forthwith to the Board. Said state, city, regional
or town officer shall upon receipt of the request of
the Board transmit forthwith all the papers and
documents and a copy of the record relating to the
matter on appeal.
122.3.4 Hearings: The chairman of the Board
shall fix a convenient time and place for a public
hearing. Said hearings shall be held not later than
30 days after the entry of such appeal, unless such
time is extended by agreement with the appellant.
Any such party may appear in person or by agent
or attorney at such hearing. The chairman or
clerk shall give notice of the time and place of
said hearing to all parties to the hearing and to
anyone else requesting notice in writing at least
ten days prior thereto. Failure to hold a public
hearing within 30 days shall not affect the validity
of the appeal or any decision rendered The
Board or three member panel in its hearings
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conducted under this section shall not be bound
by strict rules of evidence prevailing in courts of
law or equity.
122.3.5 Conduct of Hearing: Hearing shall be
conducted in accordance with the informal/fair
hearing rules as set forth in 801 CMR 1.02.
122.4 Decisions:
122.4.1 Votes required: If the appeal is
conducted by a three member panel, then the
concurrence of two of the three members holding
the public hearing shall be required. If the appeal
is conducted by the entire Board, then a majority
vote of those hearing the case shall be required.
122.4.2 Standard: The Board or a three member
panel may vary the application of any provision of
780 CMR in any particular case, may determine
the suitability of alternate materials and methods
of construction, and provide reasonable
interpretations of the provisions of 780 CMR
provided that the Board or a three-member panel
finds that the decision to grant a variance shall not
conflict with the general objectives set forth
M.G.L. c. 143, § 95 or with the general objectives
of 780 CMR.
122.4.3 Time for decision: The Board shall
within 30 days after such hearing, unless such
time is extended by agreement of the parties, issue
a decision or order reversing, affirming or
modifying in whole or in part the order,
interpretation, requirement, direction or failure to
act which is the subject matter of the appeal.
Failure to render a decision within 30 days
shall not affect the validity of any such decision
or appeal.
Notice of and a copy of the decision shall be
sent by the clerk to all parties to the appeal and
anyone requesting in writing a copy of the
decision.
122.4.4 Contents of decision: All decisions
shall be in writing and state findings of fact,
conclusions and reasons for decisions. Every
decision shall indicate thereon the vote of each
member and shall be signed by each member
voting. A decision shall not be considered by any
person or agency as a precedent for future
decisions.
122.4.5 Additional powers: The Board or a
three member panel may impose in any decision,
limitations both as to time and use, and a
continuation of any use permitted may be
conditioned upon compliance with future
amendments to 780 CMR.
122.5 Enforcement: Upon receipt of the decision
of the Board or a three member panel, the parties to
the appeal shall take action forthwith to comply with
the decision unless a later time is specified in the
decision.
122.6 Appeals from State Building Code Appeals
Board: Any person aggrieved by a decision of the
State Building Code Appeals Board may appeal to a
court of law or equity in conformance with M.G.L.
c. 30A, § 14.
122.7 Local and regional board of appeals:
122.7.1 Local or regional board of appeals:
Whoever is aggrieved by an interpretation, order,
requirement, direction or failure to act under
780 CMR by any agency or official of a city,
region or town charged with the administration or
enforcement of 780 CMR or any of its rules and
regulations may appeal first to the appeals board
in that city, region or town or to the State
Building Code Appeals Board as provided in
780 CMR 122.0.
In the event an appeal is taken from an
interpretation, order, requirement or direction,
said appeal shall be filed with the local or regional
appeals board not later than 45 days after the
service of notice thereof of the interpretation,
order, requirement or direction.
In the event the appeal is taken for the failure
to act, the appeal shall be taken not later than 45
days after a request to act has been made by the
aggrieved person in writing and served to the
appropriate building official or chief
administrative officer of the city, regional or town
agency which fails to act.
122.7.2 Membership: Any building code board
of appeals duly established by ordinance or by
law or otherwise in a city, region or town and in
existence on January 1, 1975, shall qualify as a
local board of appeals under 780 CMR 122.0
notwithstanding anything to the contrary
contained herein. However, the procedure and
rights for appeals for such board of appeals shall
be governed by 780 CMR.
If a city, region or town had not duly
established by ordinance or bylaw or otherwise a
local or regional building code appeals board
prior to January 1, 1975, said city, region or town
may establish a local or regional board of appeals,
hereinafter referred to as the local board of
appeals, consisting of five members appointed by
the chief administrative officer of the city, region
or town: one member appointed for five years,
one for four years, one for three years, one for two
years and one to serve for one year; and thereafter
each new member to serve for five years or until
his successor has been appointed.
122.7.3 Qualifications of local board members:
Each member of a local board of appeals
established under 780 CMR 122.7.2 shall have
had at least five years experience in the
construction, alteration, repair and maintenance of
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building and building codes. At least one member
shall be a registered structural or civil
professional engineer and one member a licensed
registered architect.
122.7.4 Chairman of local or regional board:
The board shall select one of its members to serve
as chairman and a detailed record of all
proceedings shall be kept on file in the building
department.
122.7.5 Absence of members: During the
absence of a member of a local board of appeals
for reason of disability or disqualification, the
chief administrative officer of the city, region or
town shall designate a substitute who shall meet
the qualifications as outlined in 780 CMR
122.7.3.
122.7.6 Quorum: A quorum shall be three
members.
122.7.7 Procedures: Entry of appeals shall be
governed by 780 CMR 122.3.1 excepting that a
city, region or town may set its own entry fee.
Upon notice of entry of appeal the local
building commissioner or inspector of buildings
shall transmit a copy of the record and all the
papers and documents to the local board of
appeals.
Entry of an appeal shall stay all proceedings in
furtherance of the action or failure to act appealed
from, unless the building commissioner or
inspector of buildings certifies in writing to the
local board of appeals that a stay would involve
imminent peril to life or property. Notice in
writing of such certification by the building
commissioner or inspector of buildings shall be
given the appellant at least 24 hours prior to the
hearing. In such an event a hearing on such stay
shall be given first priority and be the first matter
heard by the local board of appeals at its next
scheduled meeting. The hearing on the appeal
shall be held as soon as possible thereafter in
accordance with 780 CMR 122.7.8.
The local board of appeals may establish its
own rules for procedure not established herein or
not inconsistent with 780 CMR or with the
general objectives set forth in M.G.L. c. 143,
§95.
122.7.8 Hearings: All hearings shall be public
and notice of said hearings shall be advertised in
a newspaper of general circulation in the city,
region or town in which the appeal is taken at
least ten days before said hearing. Notice of the
hearing, setting forth the date and time of said
hearing, shall be mailed by the local board of
appeals to all parties and all those who requested
notice in writing at least 14 days before said
hearing. Said hearings shall be held not later than
30 days after the entry of such appeal, unless such
time is extended by agreement with the appellant.
This section as it pertains to notice shall not apply
to hearings on a stay as provided in 780 CMR
122.7.7.
122.7.9 Decisions of local boards: A concurring
vote of a majority of all the members present shall
be required for any decision. The local board of
appeals may vary the application of 780 CMR to
any particular case, may consider the suitability of
alternate materials and methods of construction
and may provide reasonable interpretations of the
provisions of 780 CMR; provided that the
decision of the local board shall not conflict with
the general objectives of 780 CMR or with the
general objectives of M.G.L. c. 143, § 95. The
local board of appeals may impose, in any
decision, limitations both as to time and use, and
a continuation of any use permitted may be
conditioned upon compliance with future
amendments to 780 CMR.
122.7.10 Time for decision: The board shall
within 30 days after such hearing, unless such
time is extended by agreement of the parties, issue
a decision or order reversing, affirming or
modifying in whole or in part the order,
interpretation, requirement, direction or failure to
act which is the subject matter of the appeal.
Failure to render a decision within 30 days
shall not affect the validity of any such decision
or appeal.
Notice of and a copy of the decision shall be
sent by the clerk to all parties to the appeal and to
anyone requesting in writing a copy of the
decision.
122.7.11 Contents of decision: All decisions
shall be in writing and state findings of fact,
conclusions and reasons for the decisions. Every
decision shall indicate thereon the vote of each
member and shall be signed by each member
voting. Any decision shall not be considered by
any person or agency as a precedent for future
decisions.
122.7.12 Copy of decision: A copy of any
decision by a local board of appeals shall be
transmitted to the State Building Code Appeals
Board within ten days after the rendering of such
decision. If the State Building Code Appeals
Board disapproves of the said decision of the local
board, it may on its own motion appeal from the
dec'sion of the local board of appeals according to
780 CMR 122.0 and call for a hearing de novo.
If the State Building Code Appeals Board does
not notify the local board in writing within 45
days from the date of the local board's decision,
the said decision shall be deemed approved;
provided that the decision shall not conflict with
the general objectives of the state building code
and the objectives of M.G.L. c. 143, § 95.
122.7.13 Enforcement of decision: If said
decision is approved by the State Building Code
Appeals Board, all parties to the appeal shall take
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immediate action in accordance with the decision
of the local board unless the person aggrieved by
such decision appeals to the State Building Code
Appeals Board as provided in 780 CMR 122.0.
122.7.14 Review: Any person, including the
State Building Code Appeals Board, aggrieved by
a decision of the local board of appeals, whether
or not a previous party to the decision, or any
municipal officer or official board of the
municipality, may, not later than 45 days after the
mailing of the decision of the local board, apply to
the State Building Code Appeals Board for a
hearing de novo before the State Board, in
accordance with the regulations contained in
780 CMR 122.0.
780 CMR 123.0 CONSTRUCTION
MATERIALS SAFETY BOARD
123.1 Membership: There shall be a board under
the control of the BBRS called the Construction
Materials Safety Board, hereafter in 780 CMR 123.0
called the CMSB which shall consist of nine
members, one of whom shall be a member of the
BBRS who shall be ex-officio and a voting member
of the Board and eight members to be appointed by
the chairman of the BBRS: one of whom shall be a
registered professional engineer who is a structural
engineer; one of whom shall be a registered
architect; one of whom shall be a representative of a
commercial testing laboratory; one of whom shall
be a representative of a public testing laboratory;
two of whom shall be representatives from the
construction industry; one of whom shall be a
member of a university faculty engaged in research
and teaching in structural materials; and one of
whom shall be a member of a university faculty
engaged in research and teaching in the area of
theoretical and applied mechanics.
123.2 Duties: The CMSB will review applications
for registration or licensing of individuals,
laboratories or firms responsible for the inspection,
control and testing of construction materials, and
review applications and pertinent data relevant to all
materials, devices, products and methods of
construction not included in 780 CMR; and report to
the BBRS their recommendations. The CMSB will
collect information and review cases where
disciplinary action against an existing license,
whether an individual, laboratory or firm, has been
proposed; and make recommendations to the BBRS.
The BBRS will issue applications, receive payment
for the review of such applications and approvals,
registration and licensing fees, and maintain records
for the efficient dispatch of the duties of the CMSB.
123.3 Testing and evaluation groups: The BBRS
shall establish and maintain testing and evaluation
groups who will have the responsibility of
administering and directing, under the supervision of
the BBRS, the testing and controls for evaluating
individual applicants, laboratories and firms wishing
to become registered or licensed.
780 CMR 124.0 FERE PREVENTION -FERE
PROTECTION ADVISORY COMMOTEE
124.1 Constitution of the Fire Prevention - Fire
Protection Advisory Committee: There shall be
a Committee under the control of the BBRS called
the Fire Prevention - Fire Protection Advisory
Committee, hereinafter called the FPFP Advisory
Committee which shall consist of 16 members, two
of whom shall be members of the BBRS; one of
whom shall be the State Fire Marshal or his
designee; one of whom shall be the Commissioner of
the City of Boston Fire Department or his designee;
all four of whom shall be ex-officio and voting
members of the Committee, and 12 members to be
appointed by the chairman of the BBRS for a term of
one year; two of whom shall be representatives of
the Fire Chiefs Association of Massachusetts; two of
whom shall be representatives of the Fire Prevention
Association of Massachusetts; one of whom shall be
a representative of the International Municipal
Signalmen's Association; one of whom shall be a
member of the State Board of Fire Prevention
Regulations; one of whom shall be a member of the
Board of State Examiners of Electricians who
satisfies the requirements of that Board as a systems
contractor holding a certificate C license and is
actively engaged in the business of fire warning
systems; one of whom shall be a Massachusetts
building official; one of whom shall be a
Massachusetts registered Fire Protection Engineer;
one of whom shall be a Massachusetts registered
professional engineer or architect; one of whom
shall be a Massachusetts registered professional
engineer with specific experience in the design and
installation of smoke control systems, and; one of
whom shall be a sprinkler system installer who shall
be certified by the National Institute for Certification
in Engineering Technologies (NICET).
The FPFP Advisory Committee shall elect a
chairman and a vice chairman and each shall serve
for a term one year. A member of an agency or
board of the state shall not be eligible for the office
of chairman or vice chairman.
124.2 Purpose: The FPFP Advisory Committee
shall review and recommend to the BBRS changes
to 780 CMR relating to fire prevention and fire
protection and more specifically those matters
contained in 780 CMR 9.
780 CMR 125.0 STRUCTURAL PEER REVIEW
ADVISORY COMMITTEE
125.1 Membership: There shall be a Board under
the control of the BBRS called the Structural Peer
Review Advisory Committee, which shall consist of
seven members, six of whom shall be professional
engineers, registered in Massachusetts, each having
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a minimum of ten years of structural design
experience and shall be appointed by the BBRS from
nominations submitted by the Boston Association of
Structural Engineers, the Boston Society of Civil
Engineers and the American Consulting Engineers
Council of New England. The seventh member shall
be the structural engineer member of the BBRS who
shall serve as chairman of said Advisory Board.
125.2 Quorum: The chairman of said Advisory
Committee shall appoint three of the members to
mediate the disputes by a majority vote of the three
members.
125.3 Purpose: The Structural Peer Review
Advisory Committee shall mediate any unresolved
disputes between the engineer of record and the
reviewing engineer which may result from the
independent structural engineer review specified in
780 CMR 110.11.
125.4 Procedure: The structural engineer of record
or the reviewing engineer or the owner or the
building official shall submit any unresolved
disputes cited in Appendix 1-5 (3), to the Structural
Peer Review Advisory Committee on a form
provided for this purpose. Said Committee shall
convene a mediation hearing within 30 days from
the receipt of the application and render a decision
in writing within 30 days following the mediation
hearing.
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
7S0 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
NON-TEXT PAGE
34 780 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
CHAPTER 2
DEFINITIONS
780 CMR 201.0 GENERAL
201.1 Scope: Unless otherwise expressly stated, the
following words and terms shall, for the purposes of
780 CMR, have the meanings shown in 780 CMR 2.
201.2 Interchangeability Words used in the
present tense include the future; words used in the
masculine gender include the feminine and neuter;
the singular number includes the plural and the
plural the singular.
201.3 Terms defined in other codes: Where terms
are not defined in 780 CMR and are defined in the
plumbing (248 CMR). fire prevention (527 CMR) or
BOCA mechanical codes or other reference stan-
dards listed in Appendix A, such terms shall have
the meanings ascribed to them as in those codes.
201.4 Terms not defined: Where terms are not
defined through the methods authorized by
780 CMR 201.0, such terms shall have the ordinarily
accepted meanings such as the context implies.
201.5 Applications of other laws : Nothing herein
contained shall be deemed to nullify any provisions
of the zoning by-laws or ordinance of any
municipality in the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts insofar as those provisions deal
exclusively with those powers of regulating zoning
granted by the provisions ofM.G.L. c. 40 A and 41
or St 1956, c 665, as amended
780 CMR 202.0 GENERAL DEFINITIONS
Acceleration: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Accepted engineering practice: That which
conforms to accepted principles, tests or standards
of nationally recognized technical or scientific
authorities.
Accessible: See 780 CMR 1 101.0.
Accessible route: See 780 CMR 1101.0.
Accessory structure: A building, the occupancy of
which is incidental to that of the main building,
that is located on the same lot as the main
building.
Adaptability: See 780 CMR 1101.0
Addition: An increase in building area, aggregate
floor area, height or number of stories of a
structure (see 780 CMR 3400.3(4)).
Admixture: See 780 CMR 1902.0.
Aerosol: See 780 CMR 307 2.
Aerosol container See 780 CMR 307.2.
Aisle accessway: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Alarm verification: See 780 CMR 902.0.
Alteration: A change or modification of a building
or structure, or the service equipment thereof,
that affects safety or health and that is not
classified as an ordinary repair.
Alternating tread stairway See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Alternate Inspector: A person appointed to act in
the absence of the inspector of buildings or
building commissioner in case of illness,
disability, or conflicting interest An alternate
inspector shall meet or exceed the minimum
qualifications defined by M.G.L. c. 143, § 3 for
an inspector of buildings/building commissioner
and shall be certified in accordance with
780 CMR R7. See also 780 CMR 105.2
Anchor: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Anchor Store: See 780 CMR 402.2.
Approval: When used in 780 CMR 35 for
manufactured buildings or building components,
approved by the State Board of Building
Regulations and Standards, hereinafter known
as the BBRS.
Approved agency: See 780 CMR 1702.0.
Approved material, equipment and methods:
Material, equipment and methods evaluated and
approved (see 780 CMR 109.0).
Approved rules: The legally adopted rules of the
code official (see 780 CMR 106.0)
Appurtenant structure: A device or structure
attached to the exterior or erected on the roof of a
building designed to support service equipment or
used in connection therewith, or for advertising or
display purposes, or other similar uses.
Architectural terra cotta: See 780 CMR 2102.0
Area, building: See 780 CMR 502.0.
9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition
35
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Area, gross cross-sectional: See 780 CMR 2102
Areaway (form of construction): See 780 CMR
3203.2.
Attic: See 780 CMR 1202.0
Automatic: See 780 CMR 902.0.
Automatic fire suppression system: See 780 CMR
902.0.
Barricade: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Base: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Base shear: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Basement: See 780 CMR 502.0.
Bay (part of a structure): See 780 CMR 1612.3
RB.RS.: (Massachusetts) Board of Building
Regulations and Standards.
Bed joint: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Bleachers: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Blocked diaphragm: See 780 CMR 2306 2.
Boiling point: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Box system: A structural system where the vertical
load is carried by bearing walls and structural
framing and where the lateral stability and
lateral force resisting system consists of shear
walls or braced wall
Brick
Calcium silicate brick (sand lime brick): See
780 CMR 2102.0.
Clay or shale: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Concrete brick: See 780 CMR 2102.0
Hollow brick: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Building: A structure enclosed within exterior walls
or firewalls, built, erected and framed of a
combination of any materials, whether portable
or fixed having a roof, to form a structure for
the shelter of persons, animals or property. For
the purpose of this definition, "roof" shall
include an awning or similar covering, whether
or not permanent in nature. The word "building
shall be construed where the context requires as
though followed followed by the words "or parts
thereof". For application of 780 CMR, each
portion of a building which is completely
separated from other portions by fire walls
complying with 780 CMR 707.0 shall be
considered as a separate building.
Building Code Enforcement Official: The term
used to collectively refer to Inspector of
Buildings, Building Commissioners, and Local
Inspectors. All building code enforcement
officials shall meet or exceed the minimum
qualifications for the position as defined by
M.G.L. c.143, § 3 and shall be certified in
accordance with 780 CMR R7.
Building Commissioner: The Administrative chief
of the building department in a municipality who
is charged with the administration and
enforcement of 780 CMR (See also "Inspector
of Buildings" and 780 CMR 105. 0). All building
commissioners shall meet or exceed the
minimum qualifications for the position as
defined in M.G.L a 143 § 3 and shall be certified
in accordance with 780 CMR R7.
Building Component: Any subsystem, subassembly,
or other system designed for use in or as part of
a structure having concealed elements such as
electrical, mechanical, plumbing and fire
protection systems and other systems protecting
health and safety.
Building, existing: Any structure occupied prior to
the date of adoption of the appropriate code, or
one for which a legal building permit has been
issued (See also 780 CMR 34)
Building line: The line established by law, beyond
which a building shall not extend, except as
specifically provided by law.
Building service equipment: The mechanical,
electrical and elevator equipment including
piping, wiring, fixtures and other accessories,
which provides sanitation, lighting, heating,
ventilation, fire protection and transportation
facilities essential for the habitable occupancy of
the building or structure for its designated
occupancy.
Building site: The area occupied by a building or
structure, including the yards and courts required
for light and ventilation, and such areas that are
prescribed for access to the street.
Bulk Merchandiung Retail Building: (See
780 CMR 426.0.) Mercantile Buildings where
sales areas contain:
1. Combustible materials in piles greater
than 12 feet in height, or combustible
materials on pallets, in racks or on shelves
where the top of storage is greater than 12
feet in height, or
2. Combustible materials such as rubber
tires, Group A plastics, flammable liquids,
idle pallets and commodities with similar heat
36
780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780: CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
DEFINITIONS
release characteristics, where the top storage
is greater than six feet in height
Buttress: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Cellar: that portion of a building which is partly
or completely below grade and having at least Vz
its height below grade.
Cementitious material: See 780 CMR 1902.0.
Central Station, Central Station Fire Alarm Systen
and Central Station Services: See NFPA 72, as
listed in Appendiz A.
Certificate of approval: A written document from
the appropriate code official approving an
action, type of material, and the like.
Certificate of use and occupancy: The certificate
issued by the code official which permits the use
of a building in accordance with the approved
plans and specifications which certifies
compliance with provisions of law for the use
and occupancy of the building in its several parts
together with any special stipulations or
conditions of the building permit
Certification: Any manufactured building or
building component that meets the provisions of
780 CMR 35 and the rules and regulations
pursuant thereto and which has been labeled
accordingly. See also 780 CMR R7 for the
certification of Building Code Enforcement
Officials
Change of use: An alteration by change of use in
a building heretofore existing to a new use group
which imposes other special provisions of law
governing building construction, equipment or
means of egress.
Child day care center: Any facility operated on a
regular basis whether known as a day nursery,
nursery school, kindergarten, child play school,
progressive school child development center, or
preschool, or known under any other name,
which receives children not of common
parentage under seven years of age or under 16
years of age if such children have special needs
for non-residential custody and care during part
or all of the day separated from their parents.
Child day care centers shall not include: any
part of a public school system; any part of a
private, organized educational system unless the
services of such a system are primarily limited to
a kindergarten, nursery or related preschool
services; a Sunday school conducted by a
religious institution; a facility operated by
religious organization where children are cared
for during short periods of time while persons
responsible for such children are attending
religious services; a family day care home, as
defined by M.G.L. c. 28 A, § 9; an informal
cooperative arrangement among neighbors or
relatives: or the occasional care of children with
or without compensation therefor.
Chimney: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Chimney, masonry: See 780 CMR 2102 0.
Closed system: See 7S0 CMR 307.2.
CMR: Code of Massachusetts Regulations:
Appendix A contains a listing of various CMR's
for Massachusetts specialized codes.
Code official See
Official'.
Building Code Enforcement
Combination of municipalities: Any two or more
cities and/or tmvns who have agreed to combine
in order to share costs necessary for the
administration and enforcement of 780 CMR in
said cities and/or towns.
Collar joint: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Combustible dusts See 780 CMR 307.2.
Combustible fibers: See 780 CMR 307 2
Combustible liquids See "780 CMR 307.2.
Combustible material A combustible material is a
material which cannot be classified as non-
combustible in accordance with 780 CMR
704 4.11
Compliance assurance program: The system,
documentation and methods for assuring that
manufactured buildings, building components,
building systems and mobile homes, including
their manufacture, storage transportation and
assembly, and handling and installation,
conform with 780 CMR 35 and the rules and
regulations promulgated pursuant thereto.
Common path of travel: See 780 CMR 1002
Compressed gas: See 780 CMR 307 2
Concrete: See 780 CMR 1902.0
Concrete, reinforced: See 780 CMR 1902
Connector. See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Construction documents All of the written,
graphic and pictorial documents prepared or
assembled for describing the design, location and
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
physical characteristics of the elements of the
project necessary for obtaining a building permit.
The construction drawings shall be drawn to an
appropriate scale.
Construction, type of: See 780 CMR 602.0
Type 1: See 780 CMR 603.0.
Type 2: See 780 CMR 603.0.
Type 3: See 780 CMR 604.0.
Type 4: See 780 CMR 605.0.
Type 5: See 780 CMR 606.0
Control area: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Corridor: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Corrosive: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Court: See 780 CMR 1202.0.
Inner: See 780 CMR 1202.0.
Outer: See 780 CMR 1202.0.
Court width: See 780 CMR 1202.0.
Cryogenic liquids (flammable or oxidizing): See
780 CMR 307.2.
Curb level: See 780 CMR 3203.2.
Building or wall height: See 780 CMR 3203.2
Damper, fire: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Day care center (child): See "Child day care
center".
Deflagration: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Deluge system: See 780 CMR 902.0.
Department: (DPS): The Department of Public
Safety, Division of Inspection.
Design earthquake: See 780 CMR 1612.3
Designated seismic systems: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Detached storage building: See 780 CMR 307 2.
Detector, heat: See 780 CMR 902.0.
Detector, smoke: See 780 CMR 902.0.
Detonation: See 780 CMR 307.2.
of Massachusetts, and shall be used to treat
individuals acceptable to the program in
accordance with 105 CMR 160.000.
Diaphragm: See 780 CMR 1612.3, 2102.0 and
2306.2.
Dimensions, nominal: See 780 CMR 2102
Dispensing: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Door assembly, fire: See 780 CMR 702.0
Door, fire: See 780 CMR 702.0.
DPS: See "Department".
Draftstopping: See 780 CMR 702.0
Dumbwaiter See 780 CMR 30
Dwellings
Boarding house: See 780 CMR 310.2.
Dormitory: See 780 CMR 310.2.
Dwelling unit: See 780 CMR 310 2
Hotel: See 780 CMR 310 2
Motel: See 780 CMR 310.2.
Multiple-family dwelling See 780 CMR 310.2
Multiple single-family dwelling: See 780 CMR
310.2.
One-family dwelling: See 780 CMR 310 2
Two-family dwelling: See 780 CMR 310 2
Effective height: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Elevator: 780 CMR 30 and 524 CMR.
Freight elevator: See 524 CMR 17.00
Hand elevator: See 524 CMR 18.00
Hydraulic elevator: See 524CMR
Passenger elevator: See 524CMR 17.00
Power elevator: See 524CMR.
Sidewalk elevator: See 524CMR 20.00
Elevator repairs: 780 CMR 30 and 524 CMR
Emergency control station: See 780 CMR 416 2
Equipment, existing: Any equipment regulated by
780 CMR which was legally installed prior to the
effective date of 780 CMR, or for which a permit
to install has been issued.
Escalator: 780 CMR 30 and 524 CMR.
Detoxification facility: A facility licensed or Exit: See 780 CMR 1002.0
operated by the Department of Public Health,
Division of Alcoholism in accordance with Exit access: See 780 CMR 1002
105 CMR 160.000: Acute Care Inpatient
Substance Abuse Detoxification Treatment Exit discharge: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Services issued by the Department of Public
Health, Division of Alcoholism, Commonwealth Exit discharge, level of See 780 CMR 1002.0
38
780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780: CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
DEFINITIONS
Exit, horizontal: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Explosive: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Exterior envelope: See 780 CMR 1302.0.
Exterior wall Finish: See 780 CMR 1402.0.
Fabric awning: See 780 CMR 1609.2.
Fabric canopy: See 780 CMR 1609.2.
Fabricated item: See 780 CMR 1702.0.
Fabrication area See 780 CMR 416 2
Fire alarm box, manual: See 780 CMR 902.0.
Fire area: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Fire command station: See 7S0 CMR 902.0.
Fire detector, automatic: See 780 CMR 902.0.
Fireresistance: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Fireresistance rating: See 780 CMR 702.0
Firestopping: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Fire separation assembly: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Fire separation distance: The distance in feet
measured from the building face to the closest
interior lot line, to the center line of u street or
public way or to an imaginary line between tn>o
buildings on the same property.
Flame spread: See 780 CMR 802.0.
Flame spread ra::ng: See 780 CMR 802.0.
Flameresistance: See 780 CMR 802.0.
Flammable: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Flammable compressed gas: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Fire hazard: The potential degree of fire severity Flammable liquids: See 780 CMR 307.2
based on the occupancy of a structure, classified
as high, moderate or low. Flammable solid: See "SO CMR 307.2.
High: All occupancies which involve the storage,
sale manufacture or processing of highly Flash point: See 780 CMR 307.2.
combustible, volatile flammable or explosive
products which are capable of burning with Floor area, gross: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
extreme rapidity and produce explosions or large
volumes of smoke, poisonous fumes or gases in Floor area, net: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
the event of fire.
Moderate: All occupancies which involve the Floor finish: See 780 CMR 802.0.
storage, sale, manufacture or processing of
materials which are capable of burning with Frame
moderate rapidity and- a considerable volume of Braced: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
smoke, but which do not produce either poisonous
fumes or explosions, in the event of fire.
Low: All occupancies which involve the storage,
sale or manufacture of materials that do not
ordinarily burn rapidlv, nor produce excessive
smoke, poisonous fumes or explosions in the
event of fire.
Fire partition: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Fire protection: The provision of construction
safeguards and exit facilities, and the installation
of fire alarm, fire-detecting and fire-extinguishing
service equipment to reduce the fire risk,
including the risk involved in the spread of fire by
exterior exposure to and from adjoining buildings
and structure.
Fire protection rating: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Fire protection system: See 780 CMR 902.0.
Fire window: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Concentrically braced frame: See 780 CMR
1612.3.
Eccentrically braced frame: See 780 CMR
1612.3.
Diagonal brace: See 780 CMR 1612 3.
Lateral support members: See 780 CMR
1612.3.
Link beam: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Link beam end web stiffeners: See 780 CMR
1612.3.
Link beam intermediate web stiffener: See
780 CMR 1612.3.
Link beam rotation angle: See 780 CMR
1612.3.
Intermediate moment frame: See 7S0 CMR
1612.3.
Ordinary moment frame: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Space frame: See 780 CMR 1612.3
Special moment frame: See 780 CMR 1612 3
Frame system
Building: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Dual: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Moment resisting: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Garage, private: See 780 CMR 407.2.
Garage, public: See 780 CMR 408.2.
Grade hallway, grade lobby, grade passageway:
See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Grade plane: See 780 CMR 502.0.
Grandstand: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Gross leasable area: See 780 CMR 402.2.
Hoisting and elevating equipment, miscellaneous:
See 524 CMR.
Incompatible materials: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Inspection, special: See 780 CMR 1705.
Inspector of buildings: The administrative chief of
the building department in a municipality who is
charged with the administration and
enforcement of 780 CMR (See also "Building
commissioner and Building Code Enforcement
Official"). All inspectors of buildings shall meet
or exceed the minimum qualifications defined by
M.G.L. c. 143, § 3 and shall be certified in
accordance with 780 CMR R7.
Habitable space: Space in a structure for living,
sleeping, eating, or cooking. Bathrooms, toilet
compartments, closets, halls, storage or utility Installing Contractor: an individual or firm duly
licensed to install apparatus, appliances, devices
or accessories relative to Heating, pumping,
process piping and refrigeration systems. (See
780 CMR 2801.2.1 and 1301.1.1).
Master and Journeyman Pipefitters:
M.G.L c 146, §§81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87 and 89.
528 CMR 10.00, 11.00, and 13.00
Master and Journeyman Refrigeration
Technician:
M.G.L. c. 146, § 45 A, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86,
88 and 89.
528 CMR 10. 00, 11. 00 and 13. 00
Exception: heating, pumping, process piping
and refrigeration systems regulated by M.G.L
c. 142, §§ 4 and 13, State Board of Examiners
of Plumbers.
Inverted pendulum-type structures: See 780 CMR
1612.3.
space and similar areas are not considered
habitable space.
Hazard Index: See 780 CMR 3401.0
Hazardous materials: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Hazardous production material (HPM): See
780 CMR 4 16.2.
Head joint: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Header (Bonder): See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Health hazard: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Heated space: See 780 CMR 1302.0.
Height:
Building: See 780 CMR 502.0.
Court: See 780 CMR 1202.0.
Story: See 780 CMR 502.0.
Walls: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Hereafter: After the time that 780 CMR becomes
effective.
Heretofore: Before the time that 780 CMR became
effective.
High-temperature energy source: See 780 CMR
1612.3.
Highly toxic: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Hoist, material platform: See 780 CMR 3002.0
Hoisting and conveying equipment, special: See
524 CMR.
Automotive lift: See 524 CMR
Conveyors: See 524 CMR.
Freight lift: See 524 CMR
Manlifts: See 524 CMR.
Irritant: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Jurisdiction: The governmental unit which has
adopted 780 CMR under due legislative
authority.
Label: See 780 CMR 1702.0.
Light-framed wall with shear panels: See
780 CMR 1612.3.
Listed and Listing: Terms referring to equipment
which is shown in a list published by an approved
testing agency qualified and equipped for
experimental testing and maintaining an adequate
periodic inspection of current productions and
whose listing states that the equipment complies
with nationally recognized standards, when
installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instructions.
Load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
40
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780: CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND ST VNDARDS
DEFINITIONS
Dead load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Duration of load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Earthquake load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Impact load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Internal load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Lateral soil load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Live load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Wind load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Loadbearing wall system: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Local enforcement agency: A department or
agency in a municipality charged with the
enforcement of 780 CMR and appropriate
specialized codes which include, but are not
limited to, 248 CMR: The State Plumbing and
Gas Fitting Code, and 527 CMR 12. 00: the State
Electrical Code.
Local inspector: A person in the municipality who
assists the building commissioner or inspector of
buildings in the performance of his or her duties
and is charged with the enforcement of
780 CMR. All local inspectors shall meet or
exceed the minimum qualifications defined by
M.G.L. c. 143, § 3 and shall be certified in
accordance with 780 CMR R7.
Lot: A portion or parcel of land considered as a unit.
Lot, corner: A lot with two adjacent sides abutting
upon streets or other public spaces.
Lot, interior: A lot which faces on one street or with
opposite sides on two streets.
Lot line: A line dividing one lot from another, or
from a street or any public place.
Lot line, interior: Any lot line other than one
adjoining a street or public space.
Lot line, street: The lot line dividing a lot from a
street or other public way.
Main windforce-resisting system: See 780 CMR
16.
request of the manufacturer.
Masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Ashlar facing masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Ashlar masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Solid masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Masonry unit
Clay: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Concrete: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Hollow: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Solid: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Means of egress: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Member:
Primary: See 780 CMR 1902.0.
Secondary: See 780 CMR 1902.0
Membrane: See 780 CMR 3 103.2.
Membrane structures:
Air-inflated structure: See 780 CMR 3103.2.
Air-supported structure: See 780 CMR 3 103.2.
Double skin: See 780 CMR 3103.2.
Single skin: See 780 CMR 3 103.2.
Cable-restrained, air-supported structure: See
780 CMR 3 103.2.
Membrane-covered cable structure: See
780 CMR 3 103.2.
Membrane-covered frame structure: See
780 CMR 3 103.2.
Noncombustible membrane structure: See
780 CMR 3 103.2.
Tent: See 780 CMR 3103.2.
Mezzanine: See 780 CMR 502.0.
Mobile home: A structure transportable in one or
more sections, which is eight body feet or more
in width and is 32 body feet or more in length,
and which is built on a permanent chassis, and
designed to be used as a dwelling with
permanent foundation, when connected to the
required facilities, and includes the plumbing,
heating, air-conditioning and electrical systems
contained therein.
Mall: See 780 CMR 402.2.
Mall building, covered: See 780 CMR 402.2.
Manufactured building: Any building which has
concealed elements, such as electrical,
mechanical, plumbing, fire protection,
insulation and other systems affecting health
and safety, and which is manufactured and
assembled in manufacturing facilities, on or off
the building site. Also, any building as defined
above which does not have concealed elements,
but which has been approved by the BBRS at the
Mortar: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Mortar, surface-bonding: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Moving walk: See 780 CMR 30.
Native lumber: Native lumber is wood processed in
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts by a mill
registered in accordance with 780 CMR R4.
Such wood is ungraded but is stamped or
certified in accordance with the requirements of
780 CMR R4. For the purpose of this definition,
native lumber shall he restricted to the use in
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
one- and two-story dwellings, barns, sheds,
agricultural and accessory buildings and other
structures when permitted by 780 CMR R4.
Nominal dimension
Lumber: See 780 CMR 2302.0.
Noncombustible: This is a general, relative term. Its
precise meaning is defined in 7S0 CMR for
specific applications.
Noncombustible building material: See 780 CMR
704.4.1.1
Occupancy: The purpose for which a building or
portion thereof is used.
Occupancy, change of: A change in the purpose or
level of activity within a structure that involves a
change in application of the requirements of
780 CMR.
Occupant load: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Occupiable space: See 780 CMR 1202.0.
Occupied: As applied to a building, shall be
construed as though followed by the words "or
intended, arranged or designed to be occupied."
Official Interpretation: A written interpretation of
any provision of 780 CMR, or to its referenced
standards listed in Appendix A, except
specialized codes, made by the BBRS, under
authority of M.G.L. c. 143, § 94(e), or by the
State Building Code Appeals Board under
authority of M.G.L. c 143, § 100.
Open system: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Organic peroxide: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Oriel window: See 780 CMR 3203.2.
Owner: Every person who alone or jointly or
severally with others (a) has legal title to any
building or structure; or (b) has care, charge, or
control of any building or structure in any
capacity including but not limited to agent,
executor, executrix, administrator,
administratrix, trustee or guardian of the estate
of the holder of legal title; or (c) lessee under a
written letter agreement; or (d) mortgagee in
possession; or (e) agent, trustee or other person
appointed by the courts. Each such person is
bound to comply with the provisions of
780 CMR
Oxidizer: See 780 CMR 307.2.
P-Delta effect: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Panel (part of a structure): See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Particleboard: See 780 CMR 2302.1.
Penthouse: See 780 CMR 1502.1.
Permit: An official document or certificate issued by
the authority having jurisdiction which authorizes
performance of a specified activity (see 780 CMR
111.1).
Person: Includes a corporation, firm, partnership,
association, organization and any other group
acting as a unit as well as individuals. It shall
also include an executor, administrator, trustee,
receiver or other representative appointed
according to law. Whenever the word "person" is
used in any section of 780 CMR prescribing a
penalty or fine, as to partnerships or associations,
the word shall include the partners or members
thereof, and as to corporations, shall include the
officer.
Physical hazard: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Physically disabled person: See 780 CMR 1102.0.
Place of assembly: A room or space
accommodating SO or more individuals for
religious, recreational, educational, political,
social or amusement purposes, or for the
consumption of food or drink, including all
connected rooms or space with a common means
of egress and entrance.
Place of outdoor assembly: Premises used or
intended to be used for public gatherings of 200
or more individuals in other than buildings.
Plastic
Light-diffusing system: See 780 CMR 2602.0.
Plastic glazing: See 780 CMR 2602.0.
Plastic roof panels: See 780 CMR 2602.0.
Plastic wall panels: See 780 CMR 2602.0.
Reinforced plastic, glass fiber: See 780 CMR
2602.0.
Thermoplastic material: See 780 CMR 2602.0.
Thermosetting material: See 780 CMR 2602.0.
Platform: See 780 CMR 412.2.
Plenum: An enclosed portion of the building
structure, so designed to allow the movement of air,
that forms part of an air distribution system. See
BOCA National Mechanical Code listed in
Appendix A.
Pools, swimming, hot tubs and spas
Above-ground/on-ground pool: See 780 CMR
421.2.
Barrier: See 780 CMR 421.2.
42
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780: CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
DEFINITIONS
Hot tub: See 780 CMR 421.2.
In-ground pool: See 780 CMR 421.2.
Roof: See 780 CMR 1502.0.
Roof covering: See 780 CMR 1502.0.
Private swimming pool: See 780 CMR 421.2.
Private swimming pool, indoor: See 780 CMR Roof structure: See 780 CMR 1502.0.
421.2.
Private swimming pool, outdoor: See 780 CMR Rubble masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
421.2.
Public swimming pool:
Public outdoor inground swimming pool, Semi-
public outdoor inground swimming pool: See
780 CMR 421.2.
Spa: See 780 CMR 421.2.
Positive heat supply: See 780 CMR 1302.0
Preaction system: See 780 CMR 902.0.
Premises: A lot, plot or parcel of land, including any
structure thereon.
Coursed rubble: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Random rubble: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Rough or ordinary rubble: See 780 CMR
2102.0.
Running bond: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Seismic-resisting system: See 780 CMR 1612.3
Self-closing: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Sensitizer: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Service passage, HPM: See 780 CMR 416.2.
Preservative treatment (treated material): See Shaft: See 780 CMR 702.0.
780 CMR 2302.0.
Protected construction: See 780 CMR 702.0..
Public way: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Pyrophoric: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Radioactive material: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Registered design professional: An architect or
engineer registered or licensed to practice
professional architecture or engineering, as
defined by the statutory requirements of the
professional registration laws of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Shall: The term, where used in 780 CMR, shall be
construed as mandatory.
Shear wall: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Sign: See 780 CMR 3 102.2.
Closed sign: See 780 CMR 3102.2.
Ground sign: See 780 CMR 3 102.2.
Marquee sign See 780 CMR 3102.2.
Open sign: See 780 CMR 3102.2.
Portable sign: See 780 CMR 3 1 02.2.
Projecting sign: See 780 CMR 3 102.2.
Roof sign: See 780 CMR 3 1 02.2.
Temporary sign: See 780 CMR 3 102.2.
Wall sign: See 780 CMR 3 102.2.
Repair: The reconstruction or renewal of any part of Single membrane penetration: See 780 CMR
an existing structure for the purpose of its 702.0.
maintenance.
Site: A parcel of land bounded by a lot line or a
Repairs, ordinary: Any maintenance which does designated portion of a public right-of-way.
not affect the structure, egress, fire protection
systems, fire ratings, energy conservation Slidescape: See 780 CMR 1002 0.
provisions, plumbing, sanitary, gas, electrical or
other utilities. A building permit is not required Smoke barrier: See 780 CMR 702.0.
for ordinary repairs.
Smoke compartment: See 780 CMR 702.0..
Smoke detector, multiple station: See 780 CMR
902.0.
Smoke detector, single station: See 780 CMR
902.0.
Required: Shall be construed to be mandatory by
provisions of 780 CMR.
Resilient stable-mounting system: See 780 CMR
1612.3.
Restraining device: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Elastic: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Fixed: See 780 CMR 1612.3
Seismic activated: See 780 CMR 1612.3
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
Smokeproof enclosure: See 780 CMR 1002 0.
Specialized code: All building codes, rules or
780 CMR - Sixth Edition 43
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
780 CMR 416.2.
HPM cutoff room: See 780 CMR 416.2.
HPM inside room: See 780 CMR 416.2.
regulations pertaining to building construction,
reconstruction, alteration, repair or demolition
promulgated by and under the authority of the
various agencies which have been authorized
from time to time by the General Court of the Story: See 780 CMR 502.0
Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Sprinkler: See 780 CMR 902.0
Sprinkler system, automatic: See 780 CMR 902.0.
Sprinkler system, limited area: See 780 CMR
902.0.
Stack bond: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Stage: See 780 CMR 412.2.
Stage, legitimate: See 780 CMR 412.2.
Stage, regular: See 780 CMR 412.2.
Stage, thrust: See 780 CMR 412.2.
Stairway: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Standpipe system: See 780 CMR 902.0.
Story above grade: See 780 CMR 502.0.
Story drift ratio: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Story shear: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Street: A public thoroughfare (such as a street,
avenue or boulevard) which has been dedicated
for public use.
Structure: That which is built or constructed or a
portion thereof.
Structure, existing: A structure erected prior to the
date of adoption of the appropriate code or one for
which a legal building permit has been issued.
See 780 CMR 34 for further information
regarding existing buildings.
Supervisory device: See 780 CMR 902.0.
Through-penetration protection system: See
780 CMR 702.0.
State Building Code: The State Building Code and
amendments and rules and regulations thereto
as promulgated by the State Board of Building Tie, wall: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Regulations and Standards, under M.G.L. c. 143
§§ 93 through 100. Tile: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
State Inspector: An employee of the Division of Tile, structural clay: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Inspection, State Department of Public Safety,
who is charged with administrating and Tires, bulk storage of: See 780 CMR 307.2.
enforcing 780 CMR relative to any structure or
building or parts thereof that are owned by the Travel Trailer: A vehicular, portable structure
Commonwealth or any departments, built on a chassis and designed to be used for
commissions, agencies or authorities of the
Commonwealth, The state inspector is also
charged with supervising the enforcement of
780 CMR relative to all buildings and structures
other than those owned by the Commonwealtlu
See also 780 CMR 107.0.
Steel construction, cold-formed: See 780 CMR
2202.0.
Steel joist: See 780 CMR 2202.0.
Steel member, structural: See 780 CMR 2202.0.
Stone masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Stone masonry, ashlar: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Stone masonry, rubble: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Storage room, HPM, separate inside: See
44
temporary occupancy for travel, recreational or
vocational use; with the manufacturer's
permanent identification "Travel Trailer,"
thereon; and when factory equipped for the
road, being of any length provided its gross
weight does not exceed 4500 pounds, or being of
any weight provided its overall length does not
exceed 28 feet
Use group: The classification of an occupancy in
accordance with 780 CMR 302.1.
Vapor retarder: See 780 CMR 1202.0.
Ventilation: See 780 CMR 1202.0.
Vertical opening: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Voice/alarm signaling system: See 780 CMR
902.0.
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
7S0: CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
DEFINITIONS
Wall
Apron wall: See 780 CMR 1402.0.
Cavity wall: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Composite wall: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Dry-stacked, surface-bonded walls: See
780 CMR 2102.0.
Faced wall: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Fire separation wall: See 780 CMR 702.0
Fire wall: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Foundation wall See 780 CMR 1812.2.
Hollow wall: See 780 CMR 2102.0
Loadbearing wall See 780 CMR 1602.1.
Nonloadbearing wall: See 780 CMR 1602.1.
Parapet wall: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Party wall: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Retaining wall: See 7S0 CMR 1812 2
Skeleton or panel wall: See 780 CMR 1402 .0.
Spandrel wall: See 780 CMR 1402.0.
Veneered Wall: See 780 CMR 1402.0
Water-reactive materials: See 780 CMR 307.2
Water supply, automatic: See 780 CMR 902.0
Winder: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Wood shear panel: See 7S0 CMR 2304.2.
Writing (written): The term shall be construed to
include hand-writing, typewriting, printing, photo
offset or any other form of reproduction in legible
svmbols or characters.
Written notice: A notification in ivriting delivered
in person to the individual or parties intended;
or delivered at. or sent by certified or registered
mail to the last residential or business address of
legal record
Wythe: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Yard: See 7S0 CMR 1202.0.
Zoning: The reservation of certain specified areas
within a community or city for buildings and
structures, or use of land, for certain purposes
with other limitations such as height, lot coverage
and other stipulated requirements. (See M.G.L.
c. 40A and St. 1956, c. 665, as amended.)
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR -Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
NON-TEXT PAGE
46 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
CHAPTER 3
USE OR OCCUPANCY
780 CMR 301.0 GENERAL
301.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 3 shall
control the classification of all buildings and
structures as to use group.
301.2 Application of other laws: The provisions of
780 CMR 3 shall not be deemed to nullify any
provisions of the zoning law, ordinance of any
municipality in the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts, or any other statute of the
jurisdiction pertaining to the location or occupancy
of buildings, except as is specifically required by the
provisions of 780 CMR.
780 CMR 302.0 CIASSTJICATTON
302.1 General: All structures shall be classified
with respect to occupancy in one or more of the use
groups listed below. Where a structure is proposed
for a purpose which is not specifically provided for
in 780 CMR, such structure shall be classified in the
use group which the occupancy most nearly
resembles
comply with 780 CMR 302. 1 . 1 .
Table 302.1.1
SPECIFIC OCCUPANCY AREAS
1. Assembly:
(see 780 CMR 303.0)
2. Business:
(see 780 CMR 304.0)
3. Educational:
(see 780 CMR 305.0)
4. Factory and Industrial
(see 780 CMR 306.0)
5. High Hazard
(see 780 CMR 307.0):
6. Institutional:
(see 780 CMR 308.0)
7. Mercantile:
(see 780 CMR 309.0)
8. Residential:
(see 780 CMR 3 10.0)
9. Storage:
(see 780 CMR 3 11.0)
10. Utility and Miscellane-
ous (see 780 CMR 312.0)
Use Groups A-l,
A-3, A-4 and A-5
Use Group B
A-2.
Use Group E
Use Groups F-l and F-2
Use Groups H-l. H-2.
H-3 and H-4
Use Groups 1-1, 1-2 and
1-3
Use Group M
Use Groups R-l. R-2. R-
3, R-4and.R-5
Use Groups S-l and S-2
Use Group U
302.1.1 Specific occupancy areas: Specific
occupancy areas which are incidental to the mam
use group shall be separated and protected in
accordance with Table 302.1.1 and shall be
classified in accordance with the main use group
of the portion of the building in which the specific
occupancy area is iocated. Where the building, or
portion thereof, containing the specific occupancy
area is required to be protected with an automatic
fire suppression system, the separation alternative
of Table 302.1.1 shall not apply.
Exception: Specific occupancy areas within
and serving a dwelling unit are not reauired to
Room or area
Separation /protection
All use groups:
Paint shops in occupancies oth-
er than Use Group F employ-
ing hazardous materials in
quantmes less than those which
cause classification as Use
Group H
Waste and soiled linen collec-
tion rooms and chute term-
ination rooms
Waste and soiled linen chute
access rooms
Boiler and furnacerooms i
Incinerator rooms
Use Groups A. B. E. I- 1 . R- 1 .
R-2
Storage rooms more than 50
square feet in area but not
more than 1 00 square feet in
area
Storage rooms more than
1 00 square feet in area
Physical plant maintenance
shop and workshop
Use Groups 1-2,1-3:
Boiler and furnace rooms
Handicraft shops, kitchens,
and employee locker rooms
Laundries greater than 1 00
square feet in area
Storage rooms more man 50
square feet in area but not
morethan 100 square feet in
area
Storage rooms more than 1 00
square feet in area
Physical plant maintenance
shop and workshop
Use Group 1-2:
Gift/retail shops and laborator-
ies employing hazardous
quantities less than those which
cause classification as Use
Group H
use Group 1-3 padded cells
2 hours: or 1 hour and
automatic fire sup-
pression system
1 hour and automatic fire
suppression system
1 hour
1 hour, or automatic fire
suppression system
2 hours and automatic fire
suppression system
1 hour, or automatic fire
suppression system
with smoke partitions
Automatic fire suppres-
sion system with smoke
partitions
2 hours, or 1 hour and au-
tomatic fire suppression
system
1 hour and automatic fire
suppression system
1 hour, or automatic fire
suppression system with
smoke partitions
1 hour and automatic fire
suppression system
Automatic fire suppres-
sion system with smoke
partitions
1 hour and automatic fire
suppression system
1 hour and automatic fire
suppression system
1 hour: or automatic fire
suppression system with
smoke Dartitions
hour and automatic fire
.vstem
Note a. For requirements for fireresistance rated
separations and smoke Dartitions se; 780 CMR 302 ! . ! . :
Note b. 1 sauare foot = 0.093 rr,~.
9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97; - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
302.1.1.1 Separation: Where Table 302.1.1
requires a fireresistance rated separation, the
specific occupancy area shall be separated from
the remainder of the building with fire
separation assemblies (see 780 CMR 709.0).
Where Table 302.1. 1 requires smoke partitions,
the smoke partitions shall be constructed of
materials consistent with the type of
construction and shall be capable of resisting
the passage of smoke. The smoke partitions
shall extend from the floor to the underside of
the fireresistance rated floor/ceiling or
roof/ceiling assembly or to the underside of the
floor or roof deck above All doors shall be self-
closing or automatic-closing upon detection of
smoke.
302.1.2 Accessory areas: Except for accessory
areas of Use Group H in accordance with
780 CMR 302. 1 .2. 1 and specific occupancy areas
indicated in 780 CMR 302.1.1, where the area
devoted to an accessory occupancy does not
occupy more than 10% of any fire area nor more
than 10% of the allowable area permitted by
780 CMR 503.0 based on the accessory use group,
afire separation assembly shall not be required
between the main use group and accessory areas
The required type of construction and the
automatic fire suppression requirements in
780 CMR 904.0 shall be based on the main use
group of the fire area.
302.1.2.1 High-hazard uses: In buildings that
are three stories or less in height and equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system
in accordance with 780 CMR 904, an
occupancy in Use Group F or S is permitted to
have accessory areas of Use Group H-2, H-3 or
H-4, provided that such areas do not occupy
more than 10% of any fire area nor more than
10% of the allowable area permitted by
780 CMR 503.0 based on the use group of the
accessory area. Afire separation assembly shall
not be required between the F or S use group
and the accessory H use group. The maximum
quantity of hazardous materials within the
accessory H use group shall not exceed twice
the permitted exempt amount specified in Table
307.8(1) or Table 307.8(2). The required type of
construction shall be based on the main use
group of the fire area.
302.2 Mixed use: All buildings and structures that
include more than one use group shall be further
designated as a mixed use and shall comply with
780 CMR 313.0 Specific occupancy areas and
accessory areas complying with 780 CMR 302.1.1
and 302.1.2, respectively, shall be classified in
accordance with the main use group.
780 CMR 303.0 ASSEMBLY USE
GROUPS
303.1 General: All structures which are designed or
occupied for the gathering together of persons for
purposes such as civic, social or religious functions,
recreation, food or drink consumption or awaiting
transportation, shall be classified as Use Group A-l,
A-2, A-3, A-4 or A-5. A room or space used for
assembly purposes by less than 50 persons and
which is accessory to another use group shall be
included as a part of that main use group The term
"Use Group A" shall include Use Groups A-l, A-2,
A-3, A-4 and A-5.
303.2 Use Group A-l, theaters: This use group
shall include all theaters and all other buildings and
structures intended for the production and viewing
of performing arts or motion pictures; and which are
usually provided with fixed seats-including theaters,
motion picture theaters and television and radio
studios admitting an audience Stages and platforms
shall comply with 780 CMR 412.0.
303.3 Use Group A-2 structures: This use group
shall include all buildings and places of public
assembly, without theatrical stage accessories,
designed for occupancy as dance halls, nightclubs
and for similar purposes, including all rooms,
lobbies and other spaces connected thereto with a
common means of egress and entrance.
303.4 Use Group A-3 structures: This use group
shall include all buildings with or without an
auditorium in which persons assemble for
amusement, entertainment or recreation purposes as
well as incidental motion picture, dramatic or
theatrical presentations, lectures or other similar
purposes without theatrical stage other than a raised
platform: and which are principally occupied
without permanent seating facilities, including art
galleries, exhibition halls, museums, lecture halls,
libraries, restaurants other than nightclubs, and
recreation centers; and buildings designed for
similar assembly purposes, including passenger
terminals.
303.5 Use Group A-4 structures: This use group
shall include all buildings and structures which are
occupied exclusively for the purpose of worship or
other religious services.
303.6 Use Group A-5, outdoor assembly: This use
group shall include structures utilized for outdoor
assembly intended for participation in or reviewing
activities, including grandstands (780 CMR 1013.0),
bleachers (780 CMR 1013.0), coliseums, stadiums,
amusement park structures (780 CMR 413.0) and
fair or carnival structures. Such structures shall
comply with all pertinent provisions of 780 CMR.
48
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
USE OR OCCUPANCY
780 CMR 304.0 BUSINESS USE GROUP
304.1 General: All buildings and structures which
are occupied for the transaction of business, for the
rendering of professional services, or for other
services that involve stocks of goods, wares or
merchandise in limited quantities which are
incidental to office occupancies or sample purposes,
shall be classified as Use Group B.
304.2 List of business occupancies: The
occupancies listed in Table 304.2 are indicative of
and shall be classified as Use Group B.
Table 304.2
BUSINESS OCCUPANCIES
Airport traffic control
towers
Animal hospitals, kennels,
pounds
Automobile and other
motor vehicle showrooms
Banks
Barber shops
Beauty shops
Car wash
Civic administration
Clinic, outpatient
Dry-cleaning; pickup and
delivery stations and
self-service
Electronic data processing
Fire stations
Florists and nurseries
Laboratories; testing and
research
Laundries; pickup and
delivery stations and
self-service
Police stations
Post offices
Print shops
Professional services; attor-
ney, dentist, physician,
engineer, etc.
Radio and television
stations
Telecommunications
equipment building
780 CMR 305.0 EDUCATIONAL USE
GROUP
305.1 General. All structures other than those
occupied for business training or vocational training,
which accommodate more than five persons for
educational purposes through the 12th grade, shall
be classified as Use Group E.
Exception: A room or space occupied for
educational purposes by less than 50 persons, five
years of age or more, and which is accessory to
another use group shall be classified as a part of
the main use group.
305.1.1 Day care facilities: A child day care
center which provides care for children more
than two years nine months shall be classified as
use Group E.
305.2 Business or vocational training: Structures
occupied for business training or vocational training
shall be classified in the same use group as the
business or vocation taught.
780 CMR 306.0 FACTORY AND
INDUSTRIAL USE GROUPS
306.1 General: All structures in which occupants
are engaged in work or labor in the fabricating,
assembling or processing of products or materials,
shall be classified as Use Group F-l or F-2. This
includes, among others, factories, assembling plants,
industrial laboratories and all other industrial and
manufacturing occupancies. The term "Use Group
F" shall include Use Groups F-l and F-2.
306.2 Use Group F-l structures: Factory and
industrial occupancies which are not otherwise
classified as low-hazard, Use Group F-2, shall be
classified as a moderate-hazard factory and
industrial occupancy, Use Group F-l. The
manufacturing processes listed in Table 306.2 are
indicative of and shall be classified as Use Group F-
1.
Table 306.2
MODERATE-HAZARD FACTORY AND
INDUSTRIAL OCCUPANCDZS
Aircraft
Appliances
Athletic equipment
Automobiles and other motor
vehjcles
Bakeries
Beverages, alcoholic
Bicycles
Boat building
Boiler works
Brooms or brushes
Business machines
Cameras and photo equipment
Canneries, including food
products
Clothing
Condensed and powdered
milk manufacture
Construction and agricultural
machinery
Disinfectants
Dry cleaning using other than
flammable liquids in clean-
ing or dyeing operations or
other than classified in 780
CMR 307.0
Electric light plants and
power houses
Electrolytic reducing works
Electronics
Engines, including rebuilding
Film, photographic
Food processing
Furniture
Hemp and jute products
Laundries
Leather and tanneries, ex-
cluding enameling or
japanning
Machinery
Millwork and woodworking,
wood distillation
Motion picture and television
filming
Musical instruments
Optical goods
Paper mills or products
Plastic products
Printing or publishing
Recreational vehicles
Refuse incinerators
Shoes
Soaps and detergents
Sugar refineries
Textile mills, including
canvas, cotton, cloth,
bagging, burlap, carpets
and rags
Tobacco
Trailers
Upholstery and manufacturing
shops
306.3 Use Group F-2 structures: Factory and
industrial occupancies which involve the fabrication
or manufacturing of noncombustible materials that,
during finishing, packing or processing, do not
contribute to a significant fire hazard, shall be
classified as Use Group F-2. The manufacturing
processes listed in Table 306.3 are indicative of and
shall be classified as Use Group F-2.
Table 306.3
LOW-HAZARD FACTORY AND
INDUSTRIAL OCCUPANCIES
Beverages, nonalcoholic
Bnck and masonry
Ceramic products
Foundries
Glass products
Gvpsum
Ice
Metal fabrication and
assembly
Water pumping plants
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
780 CMR 307.0 HIGH-HAZARD USE
GROUPS
307.1 General: All structures which are occupied
for the manufacturing, processing, generation,
storage or other use of hazardous materials in
excess of the exempt quantities specified in
780 CMR 307.8 shall be classified as Use Group H-
1, H-2, H-3 or H-4 in accordance with the hazards
presented by each material as described in 780 CMR
307.3 through 307.6. The term "Use Group H" shall
include Use Groups H-l, H-2, H-3 and H-4.
307.1.1 Information required: Separate floor
plans shall be submitted for buildings and
structures with an occupancy in Use Group H
identifying the locations of anticipated contents
and processes so as to reflect the nature of each
occupied portion of every building and structure
A report identifying all hazardous materials
including, but not limited to, materials of Use
Group H to be stored or utilized, shall be
submitted and the methods of protection from
such hazards shall be indicated on the
construction documents.
307.2 Definitions: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 3 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings shown
herein.
Aerosol: A product that is dispensed from an
aerosol container by a propellant.
Aerosol container: Metal cans, glass or plastic
bottles designed to dispense an aerosol. Metal
cans shall be limited to a maximum size of 33.8
fluid ounces (1000 ml). Glass or plastic bottles
shall be limited to a maximum size of four fluid
ounces (118 ml).
Barricade: A structure that consists of a
combination of walls, floor and roof, which is
designed to withstand the rapid release of energy
in an explosion and which is fully confined,
partially vented or fully vented; or other effective
method of shielding from explosive materials by
a natural or artificial barrier.
Boiling point: The temperature at which the vapor
pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric
pressure of 14.7 pounds per square inch (psia) or
760 mm of mercury. Where an accurate boiling
point is unavailable for the material in question,
or for mixtures which do not have a constant
boiling point, for the purposes of this
classification, the 10% of a distillation performed
in accordance with ASTM D86 listed in
Appendix A shall be used as the boiling point of
the liquid.
Closed system: The use of a solid or liquid
hazardous material in a closed vessel or system
that remains closed during normal operations
where vapors emitted by the product are not
liberated outside of the vessel or system and the
product is not exposed to the atmosphere during
normal operations; and all uses of compressed
gases. Examples of closed systems for solids and
liquids include product conveyed through a piping
system into a closed vessel, system or piece of
equipment.
Combustible dusts: Dusts and any similar solid
material sufficiently comminuted for suspension
in still air which, when so suspended, is capable
of self-sustained combustion.
Combustible fibers: Includes readily ignitable and
free-burning fibers such as cotton, sisal,
henequen, jute, hemp, tow, cocoa fiber, oakum,
baled waste, baled wastepaper. kapok, hay, straw,
excelsior, Spanish moss and other like material.
Combustible liquids: Any liquids having a flash
point at or above 100°F (38°C) shall be known as
Class II or EI liquids. Combustible liquids shall
be divided into the following classifications:
Class II: Liquids having flash points at or above
100°F (38°C) and below 140°F (60°C).
Class ITJA: Liquids ha\\ng flash points at or above
140°F (60°C) and below 200°F (93°C).
Class niB: Liquids having flash points at or above
200°F(93°C).
Compressed gas: A gas or mixture of gases as
contained having an absolute pressure exceeding
40 psi at 70 °F (276 kPa at 21 °C) or, regardless of
the pressure at 70°F (21 °C), having an absolute
pressure exceeding 140 psi at 130°F (965 kPa at
54 °C); or any liquid material having a vapor
pressure exceeding 40 psi absolute at 100°F (276
kPa at 38°C) as determined by ASTM D323 listed
in Appendix A
Control area: Spaces within a building which are
enclosed and bounded by exterior walls, fire
walls, fire separation assemblies and roofs, or a
combination thereof, where quantities of
hazardous materials not exceeding the exempt
amounts are stored, dispensed, used or handled.
Corrosive: A chemical that causes visible
destruction of, or irreversible alterations in, living
tissue at the point of contact. A chemical shall be
considered a corrosive if, when tested on the
intact skin of albino rabbits by the test method
described by DOTn 49 CFR, Part 173 listed in
Appendix A, such chemical destroys or changes
irreversibly the structure of the tissue at the point
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of contact following an exposure period of four
hours. This term shall not refer to action on
inanimate surface.
Cryogenic liquids (flammable or oxidizing): Any
liquid that has a boiling point below -200 °F
(-129°C).
Deflagration: An exothermic reaction, such as the
extremely rapid oxidation of a flammable dust or
vapor in air, in which the reaction progresses
through the unburned material at a rate less than
the velocity of sound. A deflagration can have an
explosive effect.
Detached storage building: A separate single-story
building, without a basement or crawl space, used
for the storage of hazardous materials and located
an approved distance from all structures.
Detonation: An exothermic reaction characterized
by the presence of a shock wave in the material
which establishes and maintains the reaction. The
reaction zone progresses through the material at a
rate greater than the velocity of sound. The
principal heating mechanism is one of shock
compression, detonations have an explosive
effect.
Dispensing: The pouring or transferring of any
material from a container, tank or similar vessel,
whereby vapors, dusts, fumes, mists or gases are
liberated to the atmosphere.
Explosive: Any chemical compound, mixture or
device, the primary or common purpose of which
is to function by explosion. The term includes, but
is not limited to, dynamite, black powder, pellet
powder, initiating explosives, detonators, safety
fuses, squibs, detonating cord, igniter cord and
igniters.
The term "explosive" includes any material
determined to be within the scope of USC Title
18; Chapter 40 listed in Appendix A and also
includes any material classified as an explosive by
the Hazardous Material Regulations of DOTn 49
CFR listed in Appendix A.
Flammable: Capable of being readily ignited from
common sources of heat or at a temperature of
600°F(316°C)orless.
Flammable compressed-gas: Either a mixture of
13% or less (by volume) with air forms a
flammable mixture, or the flammable range with
air is wider than 12%, regardless of the lower
limitation. These limitations shall be determined
at atmospheric temperature and pressure.
Flammable liquids Any liquid that has a. flash point
below I00°F (38°C), and has a vapor pressure not
exceeding 40 psia (276 kPa) at 100°F (38°C).
Flammable liquids shall be known as Class I
liquids and shall be divided into the following
classifications:
Class IA: Liquids having a flashpoint below 73 °F
(23 °C) and having a boiling point below 100°F
(38°C).
Class IB: Liquids having a flash point below
73 °F (23 °C) and having a boiling point at or
above 100°F. (38°C).
Class IC: Liquids having a. flash point at or above
73 °F (23 °C) and below 100°F (38 °C).
Flammable solid: A solid, other than a blasting
agent or explosive, that is capable of causing fire
through friction, absorption of moisture,
spontaneous chemical change, or retained heat
from manufacturing or processing, or which has
an ignition temperature below 212°F ( 100°C) or
which burns so vigorously and persistently when
ignited as to create a serious hazard. A chemical
shall be considered a flammable solid as
determined in accordance with the test method of
CPSC 16 CFR; Part 1500.44 listed in
Appendix A, if it ignites and bums with a self-
sustained flame at a rate greater than 0. 1 inch (3
mm) per second along its major axis.
Flash point: The minimum temperature in degrees
Fahrenheit at which a flammable liquid will give
off sufficient vapors to form an ignitable mixture
with air near the surface or in the container, but
will not sustain combustion. The flash point of a
liquid shall be determined by appropriate test
procedure and apparatus as specified in ASTM
D56 and ASTM D93 listed in Appendix A.
Hazardous materials: Those chemicals or
substances which are physical hazards or health
hazards as defined and classified in 780 CMR 3
and the fire prevention code listed in Appendix A,
whether the materials are in usable or waste
condition.
Health hazard: A classification of a chemical for
which there is statistically significant evidence
that acute or chronic health effects are capable of
occurring in exposed persons. The term "health
hazard" includes chemicals which are
carcinogens, toxic or highly toxic agents,
reproductive toxins, irritants, corrosives,
sensitizers, hepatotoxins, nephrotoxins,
neurotoxins, agents which are capable of acting
on the hematopoietic system, and agents which
damage the lungs, skin, eyes or mucous
membranes.
Highly toxic: A chemical falling within any of the
following categories is considered highly toxic
1 A chemical that has a median lethal dose
(LD !0 ) of 50 milligrams or less per kilogram of
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body weight when administered orally to
albino rats weighing between 200 and 300
grams each.
2. A chemical that has a median lethal dose
(LD S0 ) of 200 milligrams or less per kilogram
of body weight when administered by
continuous contact for 24 hours (or less if
death occurs within 24 hours) with the bare
skin of albino rabbits weighing between two
and three kilograms each.
3. A chemical that has a median lethal
concentration (LC 50 ) in air of 200 parts per
million by volume or less of gas or vapor, or
two milligrams per liter or less of mist, fume or
dust, when administered by continuous
inhalation for one hour (or less if death occurs
within one hour) to albino rats weighing
between 200 and 300 grams each.
Incompatible materials: Materials which, when
mixed, have the potential to react in a manner that
generates heat, fumes, gases or by-products which
are hazardous to life or property.
Irritant: A chemical, which is not corrosive, but
which causes a reversible inflammatory effect on
living tissue by chemical action at the point of
contact. A chemical shall be considered an irritant
if, when tested on the intact skin of albino rabbits
by the test method of CPSC 16 CFR Part 1500.41
listed in Appendix A for four hours exposure, it
results in an empirical score of five or more. A
chemical is an eye irritant if so determined by the
procedure in CPSC 16 CFR; Part 1500.42 listed in
Appendix A.
Open system: The use of a solid or liquid hazardous
material in a vessel or system that is continuously
open to the atmosphere during normal operations
and where vapors are liberated, or the product is
exposed to the atmosphere during normal
operations. Examples of open systems for solids
and liquids include dispensing from or into open
beakers or containers, dip tank and plating tank
operations.
Organic peroxide: An organic compound that
contains the bivalent double-bonded oxygen
structure and which is considered to be a
structural derivative of hydrogen peroxide where
one or both of the hydrogen atoms have been
replaced by an organic radical.
Unclassified detonable: Organic peroxides which
are capable of detonation. These peroxides
present an extremely high explosion hazard
through rapid explosive decomposition.
Class I: Class I organic peroxides are capable of
deflagration, but not detonation. These peroxides
present a high explosion hazard through rapid
decomposition.
Class II: Class II organic peroxides burn very
rapidly and present a severe reactivity hazard.
Class EH: Class III organic peroxides burn rapidly
and present a moderate reactivity hazard.
Oxidizer: A chemical other than a blasting agent or
explosive that initiates or promotes combustion in
other materials, thereby causing fire either of
itself or through the release of oxygen or other
gases.
Class 4: An oxidizer that can undergo an
explosive reaction due to contamination or
exposure to thermal or physical shock.
Additionally, the oxidizer will enhance the
burning rate and is capable of causing
spontaneous ignition of combustibles.
Class 3: An oxidizer that will cause a severe
increase in the burning rate of combustible
materials with which the oxidizer comes in
contact or that will undergo vigorous self-
sustained decomposition due to contamination or
exposure to heat.
Class 2: An oxidizer that will cause a moderate
increase in the burning rate or that is capable of
causing spontaneous ignition of combustible
materials with which the oxidizer comes in
contact.
Class 1: An oxidizer whose primary hazard is a
slight increase in the burning rate but which does
not cause spontaneous ignition when the oxidizer
comes in contact with combustible material.
Physical hazard: A chemical for which there is
evidence in the referenced standards listed in
Appendix A that it is a combustible liquid,
compressed gas, cryogenic, explosive, flammable
gas, flammable liquid, flammable solid, organic
peroxide, oxidizer, pyrophoric or unstable
(reactive) or water-reactive material.
Pyrophoric: A material that will spontaneously
ignite in air at or below a temperature of 130°F
(54°C).
Radioactive material: Any material or combination
of material that spontaneously emits ionizing
radiation.
Sensitizer: A chemical that causes a substantial
proportion of exposed people or animals to
develop an allergic reaction in normal tissue after
repeated exposure to the chemical.
Tires, bulk storage of: Storage of 10,000 or more
average-sized passenger vehicle tires weighing
approximately 25 pounds (11 kg) each (see
780 CMR 307.5).
Toxic: A chemical that is within any of the following
categories shall be considered toxic:
1. A chemical that has a median lethal dose
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(LD 50 ) of more than 50 milligrams per
kilogram but not more than 500 milligrams per
kilogram of body weight when administered
orally to albino rats weighing between 200 and
300 grams each.
2. A chemical that has a median lethal dose
(LD 50 ) of more than 200 milligrams per
kilogram but not more than 1,000 milligrams
per kilogram of body weight when
administered by continuous contact for 24
hours (or less if death occurs within 24 hours)
with the bare skin of albino rabbits weighing
between two and three kilograms each.
3. A chemical that has a median lethal
concentration (LC 50 ) in air of more than 200
parts per million but not more than 2,000 parts
per million by volume of gas or vapor, or more
than two milligrams per liter but not more than
20 milligrams per liter of mist, fume or dust,
when administered by continuous inhalation
for one hour (or less if death occurs within I
hour) to albino rats weighing between 200 and
300 grams each.
Unstable (reactive) material: A material which, in
the pure state or as commercially produced, will
vigorously polymerize, decompose or condense,
become self-reactive, or otherwise undergo a
violent chemical change under conditions of
shock, pressure or temperature.
Class 4: Materials that in themselves are readily
capable of detonation or explosive decomposition
or explosive reaction at normal temperatures and
pressures. This class includes, among others,
materials that are sensitive to localized thermal or
mechanical shock at normal temperatures and
pressures.
Class 3: Materials that in themselves are capable
of detonation or explosive decomposition or
explosive reaction, but that require a strong
initiating source or that must be heated under
confinement before initiation. This class includes,
among others, materials that are sensitive to
thermal or mechanical shock at elevated
temperatures and pressures.
Class 2: Materials that readily undergo violent
chemical change at elevated temperatures and
pressures. This class includes, among others,
materials that exhibit an exotherm at temperatures
less than or equal to 150°C when tested by
differential scanning calorimetry.
Class 1: Materials that in themselves are normally
stable, but that can become unstable at elevated
temperatures and pressures. This class includes,
among others, materials that change or decompose
on exposure to air, light or moisture, and materials
that exhibit an exotherm at temperatures greater
than 150°C, but less than or equal to 300°C,
when tested by differential scanning calorimetry.
Water-reactive materials: A chemical that reacts
with water to release a gas that is either
flammable or presents a health hazard.
Class 3: Materials which react explosively with
water without requiring heat or confinement.
Class 2: Materials which are capable of forming
potentially explosive mixtures with water.
307.3 Use Group H-l structures: All buildings and
structures which contain materials that present a
detonation hazard, shall be classified as Use Group
H- 1. Such materials shall include but are not limited
to:
Explosives
Organic Peroxides, unclassified detonable
Oxidizers, Class 4
Unstable (reactive) materials. Class 3 detonable,
and Class 4
Detonable pyrophoric materials
307.4 Use Group H-2 structures: All buildings and
structures which contain materials that present a
deflagration hazard or a hazard from accelerated
burning, shall be classified as Use Group H-2. Such
materials shall include but are not limited to:
Combustible dusts
Combustible liquids, Class II and Class IIIA
Cryogenic liquids, flammable or oxidizing
Flammable gases
Flammable liquids
Organic peroxides, Class I and Class II
Oxidizers, Class 3
Oxidizing gases
Pyrophoric liquids, solids and gases,
nondetonable
Unstable (reactive) materials, Class 3,
nondetonable
307.5 Use Group H-3 structures: All buildings and
structures which contain materials that readily
support combustion or present a physical hazard,
shall be classified as Use Group H-3. Such materials
shall include but are not limited to:
Aerosols, except that Level 1 aerosols defined in
the fire prevention code listed in Appendix A shall
be classified as Use Group S- 1 or F- 1
Combustible fibers
Combustible liquids. Class IIEB
Flammable solids
Organic peroxides, Class III
Oxidizers, Class 1 and Class 2
Tires, bulk storage of
Unstable (reactive) materials. Class 1 and Class 2
Water-reactive materials. Class 2 and Class 3
307.6 Use Group H-4 structures: All buildings and
structures which contain materials that are health
hazards, shall be classified as Use Group H-4. Such
materials shall include but are not limited to:
Corrosives
Highly toxic materials
Irritants
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Radioactive materials
Sensitizers
Toxic materials
307.7 Multiple hazards: All buildings and
structures containing a material or materials
representing hazards that are classified in one or
more of Use Groups H-l, H-2, H-3 and H-4, shall
conform to the code requirements for each of the use
groups so classified.
307.8 Exceptions: The following shall not be
classified in Use Group H, but shall be classified in
the use group which they most nearly resemble.
High-hazard materials of any quantity shall conform
to the requirements of 780 CMR, including
780 CMR 417.0, and the fire prevention code listed
in Appendix A.
1. All buildings and structures which contain
not more than the exempt quantities of high-
hazard materials as shown in Tables 307 .8(1)
and 307.8(2) provided that such buildings are
maintained in accordance with the fire
prevention code listed in Appendix A.
2. Buildings utilizing control areas in
accordance with 780 CMR 417.2 which
contain not more than the exempt quantities
of high-hazard materials as shown in Tables
307.8(1) and 307.8(2).
3. Buildings and structures occupied for the
storage of 10,000 or more vehicle tires
weighing approximately 25 pounds (11 kg)
each, provided that such buildings are
equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1.
4. Buildings and structures occupied for the
application of flammable finishes, provided
that such buildings or areas conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 419.0 and NFiPA
33, NFiPA 34 and the fire prevention code
listed in Appendix A.
5. Rooms containing flammable liquids in
tightly closed containers of 1 -gallon capacity
(0.0038 m) or less for retail sale or private
utilization on the premises and in quantities
not exceeding two gallons per square foot
(0.082 mVm 2 ) of room area.
6. Retail paint salesrooms with quantities of
paint not exceeding two-gallons per square
foot (0.082 nrVm 2 ) of room area.
7. Closed systems housing flammable or
combustible liquids or gases utilized for the
operation of machinery or equipment.
8. Cleaning establishments which utilize
combustible liquid solvents having a flash
point of 140°F (60°C) or higher in closed
systems employing equipment listed by an
approved testing agency, provided that this
occupancy is separated from all other areas of
the building by one-hour fireresistance rated
fire separation assemblies.
9 Cleaning establishments which utilize a
liquid solvent having a flash point at or above
200°F(93°C).
10. Liquor stores and distributors without bulk
storage.
1 1 . Refrigeration systems.
12. The storage or utilization of materials for
agricultural purposes on the premises.
13. Stationary batteries utilized for facility
emergency power, uninterrupted power
supply or telecommunication facilities
provided that the batteries are provided with
safety venting caps and ventilation is
provided in accordance with the mechanical
code listed in Appendix A.
14. Corrosives, irritants and sensitizers shall not
include personal or household products in
their original packaging used in retail display
or commonly used building materials.
15. Buildings and structures occupied for aerosol
manufacturing or storage shall be classified
as Use Group F-l or S-l, provided that such
buildings conform to the requirements of
NFiPA 30 and the fire prevention code listed
in Appendix A.
780 CMR 308.0 INSTITUTIONAL USE
GROUPS
308.1 General: All structures in which people
suffering from physical limitations because of health
or age are harbored for medical or other care or
treatment, or in which people are detained for penal
or correction purposes, or in which the liberty of the
inmates is restricted, shall be classified as Use
Group 1-1, 1-2 or 1-3. The term "Use Group I" shall
include Use Groups 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3.
308.2 Use Group 1-1: Except as modified by the
provisions of 780 CMR 4, Special Use and
Occupancy, this use group shall include buildings
and structures which house six or more individuals
who, because of age, mental disability or other
reasons, must live in a supervised environment but
who are physically capable of responding to an
emergency situation without personal assistance.
Except as specified otherwise by the requirements
of 780 CMR 4, Special Use and Occupancy, where
accommodating persons of the above description,
the following types of facilities shall be classified as
1-1 facilities, board and care facilities, half-way
houses, group homes, social rehabilitation facilities,
alcohol and drug centers and convalescent facilities.
A facility such as the above with five or less
occupants shall be classified as a residential use
group.
308.3 Use Group 1-2: This use group shall include
buildings and structures used for medical, surgical,
psychiatric, nursing or custodial care on a 24-hour
basis of six or more persons who are not capable of
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USE OR OCCUPANCY
self-preservation. Where accommodating persons of
the above description, the following types of
facilities shall be classified as 1-2 facilities:
hospitals, nursing homes (both intermediate care
facilities and skilled nursing facilities), mental
hospitals and detoxification facilities. A facility such
as the above with five or less occupants shall be
classified as a residential use group.
308.3.1 Child care facility: A child day care
center which accommodates children two years
nine months of age or less shall be classified as
Use Group 1-2.
308.4 Use Group 1-3: This use group shall include
buildings and structures which are inhabited by six
or more persons who are under some restraint or
security. An 1-3 facility is occupied by persons who
are generally incapable of self-preservation due to
security measures not under the occupants' control.
Where accommodating persons of the above
description, the following types of facilities shall be
classified as 1-3 facilities: prisons, jails,
reformatories, detention centers, correctional centers
and prerelease centers. Buildings of Use Group 1-3
shall be classified as one of the occupancy
conditions indicated in 780 CMR 308.4.1 through
308.4.5 (see 780 CMR 410.0).
308.4.1 Occupancy Condition I: This occupancy
condition shall include all buildings in which free
movement is allowed from sleeping areas, and
other spaces where access or occupancy is
permitted, to the exterior via means of egress
without restraint. An Occupancy Condition I
facility shall be classified as Use Group R.
308.4.2 Occupancy Condition II: This
occupancy condition shall include all buildings in
which free movement is allowed from sleeping
areas and any other occupied smoke compartment
to one or more other smoke compartments. Egress
to the exterior is impeded by locked exits
308.4.3 Occupancy Condition HI: This
occupancy condition shall include all buildings in
which free movement is allowed within individual
smoke compartments, such as within a residential
unit comprised of individual sleeping rooms and
group activity spaces, where egress is impeded by
remote-controlled release of means of egress from
such smoke compartment to another smoke
compartment
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Table 307.8(1)
EXEMPT AMOUNTS OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, LIQUIDS
AND CHEMICALS PRESENTING A PHYSICAL HAZARD
MAXIMUM QUANTITIES PER CONTROL AREA 3
Class
Use
Groups
Storage
Closed systems
Open systems
Material
solid
pounds
(cubic
feet)
liquid
gallons
(pounds)
gas
(Cubic
feet)
Solid
pounds
(cubic
feet)
Liquid
gallons
(pounds)
Gas cubic
feet
Solid
pounds
(cubic
feet)
liquid
gallons
(pounds)
Combustible
liquid
II
IHA
mB
H-2
H-2
H-3
NA
120 d ' e
330 d '%
13,200 e '
NA
NA
120 d
330 d
13,200
NA
NA
30 d
80 f
3,300
Conbustible
dust pounds
per 1,00 feet
H-2
I 8
NA
NA
l g
NA
NA
l g
NA
Combustible
fiber
loose
Baled
H-3
(100)
(1,000)
NA
NA
(100)
(1,000)
NA
NA
(20)
(200)
NA
Cryogenics,
flammible or
oxidizing
H-2
NA
45 d
NA
NA
45 d
NA
NA
io d
Explosives
H-l
.eji.i
(D e - h>1
NA
% h
('/4) h
NA
fc h
(%) h
Flammable
gas
Gaseous
Liquified
H-2
NA
NA
30 &
i.ooo d,e
NA
NA
^
de
750 '
NA
NA
NA
Flammible
liquid
IA
IB
IC
H-2
NA
30f
60f
90 d - e
NA
NA
NA
NA
10 d
15 d
20 d
Combination
(IA IB, IC)
H-2
NA
120 d-e ' j
NA
NA
120 d °
NA
NA
30 dj
Flammible
solid
H-2
d,e
125 '
NA
NA
25 d
NA
NA
25 d
NA
Organic
peroxide
UD
I
n
in
H-l
H-2
H-3
H-3
^e
50 :
d e
125 '
<
at
(125)
NA
k
125 d
<*4
(50) d
(125)
NA
25 d
('/4). h
^\
(io) d
(25)
Oxidizer
4
3
2
1
H-l
H-2
H-3
H-3
io d : e
250 d f
i,ooo d - e
<e
( 10 )d,e
< 250 >de
(1,000) '
NA
i.
250°.
1.000°
< 2 > d
(250)
(1,000)
NA
i
<
200
(50)
(200)
Oxidizer -
gas
Gaseous
Liquified
H-2
NA
NA
15 &
d,e
1,500 '
NA
NA
NA
(15?' e
d,e
1,500 '
NA
NA
NA
Pyrophoric
H-2
4 e *
(4) ei
so 6 *
l h
(D h
io eJl
Unstable
(reactive)
4
3
2
1
H-l
H-l or
H-2
H-3
H-3
5 d,e
de
50 :
125 4e
K
d,e
(125) d ' e
lof
50^ e
250 de
750 d ' e
l a
(D d
(50) d
(125)
2 ?
d,e
10 '
250 d ' e
750 d ' e
(I)'
(io) d f
(25)
Water
reactive
3 -
2
H-3
H-3
5d d 6
50 d ' e
d,e
NA
$
« d d
NA
,■;
^
Note a. For use of control areas, see 780 CMR 417.2
Note b. The aggregate quantity in utilization and storage shall not exceed the quantity listed for storage.
Note c. The quantities of alcoholic beverages in retail sales occupancies shall not be limited provided the liquids
are packaged in individual containers not exceeding 1 gallon. In retail sales and storage occupancies, the quantities
of medicines, foodstuffs and cosmetics, containing not more than 50% by volume of water-miscible liquids and with
the remainder of the solutions not being flammable, shall not be limited provided that such materials are packaged in
individual containers not exceeding one gallon.
Note d. Maximum quantities shall be increased 100% in buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1. Where note e. Also applies, the increase for both notes shall be applied
accumulatively.
Note e. Quantities shall be increased 100% when stored in approved cabinets, gas cabinets, fume hoods, exhausted
enclosures, or safety cans as specified in the fire prevention code listed in Appendix A. Where note d. also applies, the
increase for both notes shall be applied accumulatively.
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780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
USE OR OCCUPANCY
Note f. The permitted quantities shall not be limited in a building equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2. 1 .
Note g. A dust explosion potential is considered to exist where 1 pound or more of combustible dust per 1.000 cubic
feet of volume is normally in suspension or could be put into suspension in all or a portion of an enclosure or inside
pieces of equipment. This also includes combustible dust which accumulates on horizontal surface inside buildings
or equipment and which could be put into suspension be an accident, sudden force or sudden explosion.
Note h. Permitted only in buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler svstem in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1.
Note i. One pound of black sporting powder and 20 pounds of smokeless powder are permitted in sprinklered or
unsprinklered buildings.
Note j. Containing not more than the exempt amounts of Class I-A, Class 1-B or Class I-C flammable liquids
Note k. Quantities in parenthesis indicate quantity units in parenthesis at the head of each column. 1 cubic foot =
0.028 m 3 ; 1 pound = 0.454 kg; 1 gallon = 0.00379 m S
Table 307.8(2)
EXEMPT AMOUNTS OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, LIQUIDS AND CHEMICALS
PRESENTING A HEALTH HAZARD
MAXIMUM QUANTmES PER CONTROL AREA^* 1
Storage
Closed systems
Open systems
Material
Solid de
pounds
Liquid
gallons
(pounds)
Gas cubic
feet
Solid
pounds
Liquid
gallons
(pounds)
Gas cubic
feet
Solid
pounds
Liquid
gallons
(pounds)
Corrosive
5,000
500
810 dx
5,000
500
810 d - e
1,000
100
Highly toxic
1
(1)
20 f
!
(1)
20 f
V*
(%)
Irritant
5,000
500
810 d - e
5,000
500
810 d - c
1,000
100
Radioactive 8
25 rem - unsealed source
100 rem - sealed source
1 00 rem - sealed source
25 rem - sealed source
Sensitizer
5,000
500
810 d - e
5,000
500
810 dx
1,000
100
Toxic
500
(500)
810 de
500
(500)
810 d - e
125
(125)
Other health
hazards
5,000
500
810 d ' e
5,000
500
810 d ' e
1.000
100
Note a. For use of control areas, see 780 CMR 4 1 7.2
Note b. In retail sales occupancies, the quantities of medicines, foodstuffs and cosmetics, containing not more than
50% by volume of water-miscible liquids and with the remainder of the solutions not being flammable, shall not be
limited provided that such materials are packaged in individual containers not exceeding i gallon
Note c The aggregate quantity in utilization and storage shall not exceed the quantity listed for storage.
Note d. Maximum quantities shall be increased 100% in buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2. 1. Where note e. also applies, the increase for both notes shall be applied
accumulatively.
Note e. Maximum quantities shall be increased 100% when stored in approved storage cabinets, gas cabinets, fume
hoods, exhausted enclosures, or safety cans as specified in the fire prevention code listed in Appendix A Where note
d. also applies, the increase for both notes shall be applies accumulatively
Note f. Permitted only when stored in approved exhausted gas cabinets, exhausted enclosures or fume hoods
Note g. Maximum dosage permitted in any single exposure.
Note h. Quantities in parenthesis indicate quantity units in parenthesis at the head of each column 1 cubic foot =
0.028 m 3 ; 1 pound = 0.454 kg; 1 gallon = 0.00379 m 3
308.4.4 Occupancy Condition IV: This
occupancy condition shall include all buildings in
which free movement is restricted from an
occupied space. Remote-controlled release is
provided to permit movement from all sleeping
rooms, activity spaces and other occupied areas
within the smoke compartment to other smoke
compartments.
308.4.5 Occupancy Condition V: This
occupancy condition shall include all buildings in
which free movement is restricted from an
occupied space. Staff-controlled release is
provided to permit movement from all sleeping
rooms, activity spaces and other occupied areas
within the smoke compartment to other smoke
compartments.
780 CMR 309.0 MERCANTILE USE
GROUP
309.1 General: All buildings and structures which
are occupied for display and sales purposes
involving stocks of goods, wares or merchandise
incidental to such purposes and open to the public,
shall be classified as Use Group M. This includes,
among others, retail stores, automotive service
stations, shops, salesrooms and markets An
automotive service station is that portion of a
property where motor fuels are stored and dispensed
9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition
57
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
from fixed equipment into the fuel tanks of motor
vehicles or approved containers, including any
building used for the sale of automotive accessories,
or for minor automotive repair work. Minor repairs
include the exchange of parts, oil changes, engine
tune-ups and similar routine maintenance work.
Retail sales of hazardous materials shall comply
with 780 CMR 307.8 or 780 CMR 426, as
applicable.
780 CMR 310.0 RESIDENTIAL USE
GROUPS
310.1 General: All structures in which individuals
live, or in which sleeping accommodations are
provided (with or without dining facilities),
excluding those that are classified as institutional
occupancies, shall be classified as Use Group R-l,
R-2, R-3, R-4 or R-5 The term "Use Group R" shall
include Use Groups R-l, R-2 and R-3. R-4 and R-5.
Note: Assisted Living Residences which are
certified as such by the Executive Office of Elder
Affairs pursuant to M.G.L. c. 19D shall be
classified in the residential use group R-l, R-2,
R-3 or R-4 as applicable. Portions of an assisted
Living Residence which are used for any use
other than residential shall be classified in
accordance with the intended use
310.2 Definitions: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 3 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings shown
herein.
Dwellings:
Assisted Living Residence: A residence licensed
by the Executive Office of Elder Affairs pursuant
toMG.L. c 19D.
Boarding house: A building arranged or used for
lodging for compensation, with or without meals,
and not occupied as a single unit.
Dormitory: A space in a building where group
sleeping accommodations are provided in one
room, or in a series of closely associated rooms.
Dwelling unit: A single unit providing complete,
independent living facilities for one or more
persons, including permanent provisions for
living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation.
Hotel: Any building containing six or more guest
rooms, intended or designed to be used, or which
are used, rented or hired out to be occupied or
which are occupied for sleeping purposes by
guests.
Motel: A hotel as defined in 780 CMR.
Multiple dwelling: A building or portion thereof
containing more than two dwelling units and not
meeting the requirements for a multiple single
dwelling.
Multiple single dwelling: A building or portion
thereof containing more than two dwelling units
(see 780 CMR 310.5)
One-family dwelling: A building containing one
dwelling unit with not more than five lodgers or
boarders.
Two-family dwelling: A building containing two
dwelling units with not more than five lodgers or
boarders per family.
310.3 Use Group R-l structures: This use group
shall include all hotels, motels, boarding houses and
similar buildings arranged for shelter and sleeping
accommodations and in which the occupants are
primarily transient in nature, occupying the facilities
for a period of less than 30 days.
310.4 Use Group R-2 structures: This use group
shall include all multiple dwellings having more than
two dwelling units, except as provided for in
780 CMR 310.5 for multiple single dwelling units,
and shall also include all boarding houses and
similar buildings arranged for shelter and sleeping
accommodations in which the occupants are
primarily not transient in nature.
310.4.1 Dormitories: A dormitory facility which
accommodates more than five persons more than
2'/2 years of age shall be classified as Use Group
R-2
310.5 Use Group R-3 structures: This use group
shall include all buildings arranged for occupancy as
one- or two-family dwelling units, including not
more than five lodgers or boarders per family and
multiple single-family dwellings where each unit has
an independent means of egress and is separated by
a two-hour fire separation assembly (see 780 CMR
709.0).
Exceptions
1. In multiple single-family dwellings that are
equipped throughout with an approved
automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1 or
906.2.2, the fireresistance rating of the
dwelling unit separation shall not be less than
one hour. Dwelling unit separation walls
shall be constructed as fire partitions (see
780 CMR 71 1.0).
2 In multiple single-family dwellings that are
equipped throughout with an approved
automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.3, a two-
hour fire separation assembly shall be
provided between each pair of dwelling units.
The fireresistance rating between each
dwelling unit shall not be less than one hour
and shall be constructed as afire partition.
310.5.1Famify day-care home: A family day-
care home as defined by M.G.L. C.28A, §. 9, shall
be classified as use group R-3 or R-4. Such
facility shall not accommodate more than six
children.
58
780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
USE OR OCCUPANCY
310.6 Use Group R-4 structures This use group
shall include all detached one- or two-family
dwellings not more than three stories in height, and
the accessory structures.. All such structures shall
be designed in accordance with 780 CMR 36 or in
accordance with the requirements of 780 CMR
applicable to Use Group R-3.
310. 7 Use Group R-5 structures: This use group
shall include all buildings arranged for use as
limited group residences in accordance with the
requirements of 780 CMR (see 780 CMR 4).
780 CMR 311.0 STORAGE USE GROUPS
311.1 General: All structures which are primarily
used for the storage of goods, wares or merchandise
shall be classified as Use Group S-l or S-2. This
includes, among others, warehouses, storehouses and
freight depots The quantity of hazardous materials
in storage shall comply with 780 CMR 307.8. The
term "Use Group S" shall include Use Groups S-l
and S-2.
311.2 Moderate-hazard storage, Use Group S-l:
Buildings occupied for the storage of moderate-
hazard contents which are likely to burn with
moderate rapidity, but which do not produce either
poisonous gases, fumes or explosives including,
among others, the materials listed in Table 311.2,
shall be classified as Use Group S-l. A motor
vehicle repair garage is that portion of a property
wherein major repairs, such as engine overhauls,
painting or body work, are performed on motorized
vehicles.
Table 311.2
MODERATE-HAZARD STORAGE
OCCUPANCIES
Bags, cloth, burlap and paper
Bamboo and rattan
Baskets
Belting, canvas and leather
Books and papers in rolls and
packs
Boots and shoes
Buttons, including cloth
covered, pearl or bone
Cardboard and cardboard
boxes
Clothing, woolen wearing
Linoleum
Livestock shelters
Lumber yards
Motor vehicle repair garages
Petroleum warehouses for
storage of lubricating oils
with a flash point of 200° F
or higher
Photo engraving
Public garages (Group 1 ) and
stables
Silk
Cordage Sugar
Furniture Tobacco, cigars, cigarettes
Furs and snuff
Glue, mucilage, paste and size Upholstering and mattress
Hom and combs, other than manufacturing
celluloid Wax candles
Leather, enameling or
japanning
311.3 Low-hazard storage, Use Group S-2: Low-
hazard storage occupancies shall include buildings
occupied for the storage of noncombustible
materials, and of low-hazard wares that do not
ordinarily burn rapidly such as products on wood
pallets or in paper cartons without significant
amounts of combustible wrappings, but with a
negligible amount of plastic trim such as knobs,
handles or film wrapping. Such occupancies shall be
classified as Use Group S-2 including, among
others, the materials listed in Table 31 1.3.
Table 311.3
LOW-HAZARD STORAGE OCCUPANCIES
Asbestos
Beer or wine up to 1 2%
alcohol m metal, glass or
ceramic containers
Cement in bags
Chalk and crayons
Dairy products in nonwaxed
coated paper containers
Dry cell batteries
Electrical coils
Electrical motors
Food products
Foods in noncombustible
containers
Fresh fruits and vegetables in
nonplasnc trays or
containers
Frozen foods
Glass
Glass bottles, empty or filled
with noncombustible
liquids
Gypsum board
Inert pigments
Ivory
Meats
Metal cabinets
Metal desks with plastic tops
and trim
Metal parts
Metals
Mirrors
New empty cans
Oil filled and other types of
distribution transformers
Open parking structures
Porcelain and pottery
Public garages (Group 2)
Stoves
Talc and soapstone
Washers and drvers
780 CMR 312.0 UnLITY AND
MISCELLANEOUS USE GROUP
312.1 General: Buildings and structures of an
accessory character and miscellaneous structures not
classified in any specific use group shall be
constructed, equipped and maintained to conform to
the requirements of 780 CMR commensurate with
the fire and life hazard incidental to their occupancy
Use Group U shall include fences over six feet (1 829
mm) high, tanks, cooling towers, retaining walls and
buildings such as private garages, carports, sheds
and agricultural buildings.
780 CMR 313.0 MIXED USE GROUPS
313.1 Two or more use groups: Where a building
is occupied by two or more occupancies not included
in the same use group, the building or portion
thereof shall comply with 780 CMR 3 13. 1.1, 313.1.2
or 313.1.3 or with combinations of 780 CMR
313.1.1, 313.1.2 and 313.1.3, except that
occupancies in Use Group H shall be separated from
all other use groups in accordance with 780 CMR
313.1.2 or 313.1.3. Buildings that include an open
parking structure located beneath an A I, B, M or R
Use Group shall comply with 780 CMR 313.1 1,
313.1.2,313.1.3 or313.2.
Exception :fire areas of Use Group H-l shall be
in separate and detached buildings and structures
in accordance with 780 CMR 707. 1.1.
313.1.1 Nonseparated use groups: Each portion
of the building shall be individually classified as
9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition
59
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
to use. The required type of construction for the
building shall be determined by applying the
height and area limitations for each of the
applicable use groups to the entire building. The
most restrictive type of construction, so
determined, shall apply. The other requirements
of 780 CMR shall apply to each portion of the
building based on the use group of that occupancy
except that the most restrictive applicable
provisions of 780 CMR 403.0 and 780 CMR 9
shall apply to these nonseparated use groups. A
fire separation assembly is not required between
use groups, except as required by other sections of
780 CMR.
313.1.2 Separated use groups: Each portion of
the building shall be individually classified in a
use group and shall be completely separated from
adjacent fire areas by fire separation assemblies
(see 780 CMR 709.0) and floor/ceiling assemblies
(see 780 CMR 713.0) having a fireresistance
rating determined in accordance with Table
313.1.2, for the use groups being separated. Each
fire area shall comply with the code based on the
use group of that space. Each fire area shall
comply with the height limitations of 780 CMR
503.0 based on the use of that space and the type
of construction classification. In each story, the
building area shall be such that the sum of the
ratios of the floor area of each use group divided
by the allowable area from 780 CMR 503.0 for
each use group shall not exceed one.
Exception: Where the building is equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system
in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1, the
required fireresistance rating of fire separation
assemblies separating areas of other than Use
Group H shall be reduced from those indicated
in Table 313.1.2 by one hour but to not less than
one hour and to not less than that required by
Table 602 for floor construction.
313.1.3 Separate buildings: Each use group shall
be considered a separate building where each such
use group is completely separated from adjacent
use groups by fire walls having a fireresistance
rating corresponding to that required by Table
602. Each building shall then comply with the
provisions of 780 CMR applicable to the use
group of that building.
313.2 Open parking structures beneath other use
groups: Open parking structures constructed under
Use Groups A, I, B, M and R shall not exceed the
height and area limitations permitted under
780 CMR 406.0. The height and area of the portion
of the building above the open parking structure
shall not exceed the limitations in 780 CMR 503.0
for the upper use group The height, in both feet and
stories, of the portion of the building above the open
parking structure shall be measured from grade
plane and shall include both the open parking
structure and the portion of the building above the
parking structure.
Fire separation assemblies between the parking
occupancy and the upper occupancy shall
correspond to the required fireresistance rating
prescribed in Table 313.1.2 for the uses involved.
The type of construction shall apply to each
occupancy individually, except that all structural
members-including main bracing within the open
parking structure which is necessary to support the
upper occupancy-shall be protected with the more
restrictive fire resistive assemblies of the
occupancies involved as shown in Table 602. Exit
facilities for the upper occupancy shall conform to
780 CMR 10 and shall be separated from the parking
area by fire separation walls having at least a two-
hour fireresistance rating as required by Table 602
and self-closing doors complying with 780 CMR
716.0. means of egress from the open parking
facility shall comply with 780 CMR 1010.5.
313.3 Use Group R: In buildings of Type 2C, 3B or
5B construction with an occupancy in Use Group R
the first floor shall not be occupied for Use Groups
B and M, unless the floor/ceiling assembly and the
enclosure walls are protected to afford a one-hour
fireresistance rating and the exits from the residential
floors are separately enclosed in accordance with the
requirements of 780 CMR 10.
60
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
USE OR OCCUPANCY
Table 313.1.2
FIRERESISTANCE RATING REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE SEPARATION
ASSEMBLIES BETWEEN FIRE AREAS 3
Use Group NP- Not Permitted
NA - Not Applicable
A-l
A-2
A-3
A-4
A-S
B
E
F-l
F-2
H-l
H-2
H-3
H-4
1-1
1-2
1-3
M
R-l
R-2
R-3
S-l
S-2
U
A-l 2
3
2
2
2
:
2
2
2
NP
4
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
NA
A-2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
NP
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
NA
A-3
2
2
2
:
2
2
2
NP
4
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
NA
A-4
2
2
2
2
2
2
NP
4
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
NA
A-5
NA
2
2
2
2
NP
4
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
NA
B
2
2
2
2
NP
4
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
NA
E
2
2
2
NP
4
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
NA
F-l
2
2
NT
4
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
NA
F-2
2
NP
4
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
NA
u
H-l
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NA
s
H-2
4
4
4
4
J
4
4
A
4
4
4
4
NA
E
H-3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
NA
H-4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
NA
G
1-1
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
NA
R
1-2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
NA
1-3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
NA
U
M
2
2
2
:
2
2
NA
P
R-l
2
2
2
2
2
NA
R-2
2
2
2
2
NA
R-3
2
2
2
NA
S-l
2
2
NA
S-2
2
NA
U
NA
Note a. Fire resistance ratings are expressed in hours.
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97) 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 61
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
NON-TEXT PAGE
62 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
CHAPTER 4
SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
780 CMR 401.0 GENERAL
401.1 Scope: In addition to the general requirements
of 780 CMR governing the location, construction
and equipment of all buildings and structures, and
the fireresistance ratings, height and area limitations
of Tables 503 and 602, the provisions of 780 CMR
4 shall control all buildings and structures designed
for special occupancies as herein provided.
401.2 Applicable Massachusetts General Law:
Applicable Massachusetts General Laws, and
applicable rules and regulations, specifically (but
not limited to) the referenced portions 310 CMR,
521 CMR, 522 CMR and 527 CMR series as listed
in Appendix A shall be adhered to in the design
and construction of buildings and and structures
subject to the provisions of 780 CMR 4.
780 CMR 402.0 COVERED MALL BUILDINGS
402.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 402.0
shall apply to buildings or structures defined herein
as covered mall buildings not exceeding three floor
levels in height at any one point. Except as
specifically required by 780 CMR 402.0, covered
mall buildings shall meet all applicable provisions of
780 CMR.
Exceptions: Where approved by the code official,
the following occupancies are not required to
comply with the provisions of 780 CMR 402.0.
1. Foyers and lobbies in occupancies in Use
Group B, R-l orR-2. •
2. Buildings which comply totally with all other
applicable provisions of 780 CMR.
402.2 Definitions The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 402.0 and as
used elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings
shown herein.
Anchor store: An exterior perimeter department
store or major merchandising or magnet center
having direct access to a mall and having its
required exits independent of the mall.
Gross leasable area: The gross leasable area is the
total floor area designed exclusively for tenant
occupancy. The area of tenant occupancy is
measured from the center lines of joint partitions
to the outside of the tenant walls.
Mall: A mall is a roofed-over common pedestrian
area serving more than one tenant located within
a covered mall building.
Mall building, covered: A building enclosing a
number of tenants and occupancies such as retail
stores, drinking and dining establishments,
entertainment and amusement facilities, passenger
transportation terminals, offices and other similar
occupancies wherein two or more tenants have a
main entrance into one or more malls. Anchor
stores shall not be considered as part of the
covered mall building.
4023 Lease plan: The owner or permit holder shall
provide both the building and fire departments with
a lease plan showing the locations of each
occupancy and its means of egress after the
certificate of occupancy has been issued. Such plans
shall be kept current. Modifications or changes in
occupancy shall not be made from that shown on the
lease plan without prior approval
402.4 Tenant separations: Each tenant space shall
be separated from other tenant spaces by a fire
partition having a fireresistance rating of not less
than one hour. The fire partition shall comply with
780 CMR 711.0 except that the fire partition is not
required to extend beyond the underside of a ceiling
that is not part of a fireresistance rated assembly. A
wall is not required in attic or ceiling spaces above
tenant separation walls nor is a tenant separation
wall required between any tenant space and a mall,
except for occupancy separations required elsewhere
in 780 CMR.
402.4.1 Anchor store openings: Openings
between an anchor store and the pedestrian area of
a mall are not required to be protected.
402.4.2 Party wall exemption: Anchor stores
located on separate lots shall not be required to
provide party walls between the anchor store and
the covered mall building.
402.5 Egress: Each individual occupancy within the
covered mall building shall be provided with a
means of egress in accordance with other provisions
of 780 CMR. Measurements shall be made to the
entrance to the mall.
402.5.1 Travel distance: The maximum length of
exit access travel from any point within the mall
to an approved exit along the natural and
unobstructed path of travel shall not exceed 200
feet (60960 mm).
402.5.2 Anchor store exits: Anchor stores shall
provide the required number of exits and the
minimum width for the required exit capacity
directly to the exterior. The occupant load of
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anchor stores opening into the mall shall not be
included in determining exit requirements for the
mall.
402.5.3 Dead ends: The dead end of a mall shall
not exceed twice the width of the mall.
402.5.4 Design occupant load: In determining
required exit facilities of the mall, the number of
occupants for whom exit facilities are to be
provided shall be based on gross leasable area of
the covered mall building (excluding anchor
stores) and the occupant load factor as determined
by the following formula:
OLF = (0.00007) (GLA) + 25
where:
OLF = The occupant load factor (square feet per
person).
GLA = The gross leasable area (square feet).
The occupant load factor (OLF) is not required
to be less than 30 and shall not exceed 50.
402.5.5 Exit access width: The minimum width
of exit access passageways and corridors from a
mall shall be 66 inches (1676 mm).
402.5.6 Exit distribution: The required exits and
exit widths shall be distributed equally throughout
the mall.
402.5.7 Storage prohibited: Storage is prohibited
in exit corridors that are used for service to
tenants. Such corridors shall be posted with
conspicuous signs so stating.
402.5.8 Passenger transportation terminals: A
covered mall building whose primary purpose is
a passenger transportation terminal shall comply
with the means of egress requirements for Use
Group A-3.
402.5.9 Service areas fronting on exit
passageways and corridors: Mechanical rooms,
electrical rooms, building service areas and
service elevators are permitted to open directly
into exit passageways and exit corridors provided
that the required fireresi stance rating of the exit
enclosure is maintained.
402.6 Mall width: The minimum width of the mall
shall be 20 feet (6096 mm) There shall be a
minimum often feet (3048 mm) clear exit width to
a height of eight feet (2438 mm) between any
projection of a tenant space bordering the mall and
the nearest kiosk, vending machine, bench, display
opening or other obstruction to means of egress
travel. The mall width shall be sufficient to
accommodate the occupant load emptying into the
immediately adjacent mall as determined by
780 CMR 402.5.4 for all occupancies except Use
Groups A and E which shall be determined by
780 CMR 1008.0.
402.7 Structural elements: Covered mall buildings
shall be of Type 1,2 or 4 construction. Covered mall
buildings three stories or less in height are exempt
from the area limitations of Table 503.
402.7.1 Structural elements, anchor stores: An
anchor store three stories or less in height shall be
of Type 1, 2 or 4 construction and is exempt from
the area limitations of Table 503, provided that a
smoke control system conforming to 780 CMR
921.0 is installed in the anchor store. For the
purposes of the design and operation of the fire
emergency ventilation system, the anchor store
shall be considered a tenant space zone.
402.8 Roof coverings: Roof coverings for covered
mall buildings shall be of Class A, B or C as
required by 780 CMR 1506.0.
402.9 Use Groups A-l and A-2: Use Group A-l
and A-2 occupancies shall not have more than one-
half of their required means of egress opening
directly to the mall (see 780 CMR 1006.2.2).
402.10 Sprinkler system: The mall and all
buildings connected thereto shall be equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1. The system
shall be installed in such a manner that when any
portion of the system serving tenant spaces is shut
down, the portion of the system serving the mall will
remain operational.
402.11 Standpipes: There shall be a standpipe hose
connection located within the mall at each entrance
to an exit passageway, exit corridor or enclosed
stairway and at all exterior entrances to the mall.
The hose connection shall be supplied from the
automatic sprinkler system of the mall or from a
separate standpipe system The water supply shall
be capable of delivering 250 gallons per minute
(gpm) (0.016 m 3 /s).
402.12 Smoke control: The mall and adjacent tenant
spaces shall be equipped with a smoke control
system conforming to 780 CMR 92 1 .0.
402.13 Fire department access to equipment
controls: Fire protection system and HVAC system
controls shall be identified, and the fire department
shall have access thereto.
402.14 Plastic panels and plastic signs: Within
every story or level and from side wall to side wall
of each tenant space, approved plastic panels and
signs shall be limited as specified in 780 CMR
402.14.1 through 402. 14.4.
402.14.1 Area: The panels and signs shall not
exceed 20% of the wall area facing the mall
402.14.2 Height and width: The panels and signs
shall not exceed a height of 36 inches (914 mm).
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except if the panel or sign is vertical, the height
shall not exceed 96 inches (2438 mm) and the
width shall not exceed 36 inches (914 mm).
402.14.3 Location: The panels and signs shall be
located a minimum distance of 18 inches (457
mm) from adjacent tenants.
402.14.4 Encasement: All edges and the backs
shall be fully encased in metal.
402.15 Kiosks: Kiosks and similar structures
(temporary or permanent) shall meet the
requirements of 780 CMR 402.15.1 through
402.15.4.
402.15.1 Construction: Combustible kiosks or
other structures shall not be located within the
mall unless constructed of fireretardant-treated
wood throughout conforming to 780 CMR
2310.0.
402.15.2 Fire suppression: Kiosks and similar
structures that are covered and are located within
the mall shall be protected by an automatic
sprinkler system installed in accordance with
780 CMR 9.
402.15.3 Horizontal separation: The minimum
horizontal separation between kiosks and other
structures within the mall shall be 20 feet (6096
mm).
402.15.4 Maximum area: Kiosks or similar
structures shall have a maximum area of 300
square feet (27.90 m 2 ).
402.16 Parking structures: An attached garage for
the storage of passenger vehicles that have a
capacity of not more than nine persons, or an open
parking structure, shall be considered as a separate
building where it is separated from the covered mall
building by a fire separation assembly having a
fireresistance rating of not less than two hours or
shall be considered as part of the covered mall
building.
780 CMR 403.0 HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS
403.1 Applicability: The provisions of 780 CMR
403.0 shall apply to all buildings having occupied
floors located more than 70 feet above mean grade.
SeeM.G.L. c. 148, § 26A.
Exception: The provisions of 780 CMR 403.0
shall not apply to the following buildings and
structures:
1. Airport traffic control towers conforming to
the requirements of 780 CMR 414.0.
2. Open parking structures (see 780 CMR
406.0).
3. Buildings with an occupancy in Use Group A-
5 (see 780 CMR 303.6).
4. Low-hazard special occupancies where
approved by the code official (see 780 CMR
503.1.1).
5. Buildings with an occupancy in Use Group H-
l,H-2orH-3.
403.2 Sprinkler system: All buildings and
structures shall be equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1 and M.G.L. c. 148, § 26A
Exception: An automatic sprinkler system shall
not be required in spaces or areas of:
1. Open parking structures complying with
780 CMR 406.0.
2. Telecommunications equipment buildings
used exclusively for telecommunications
equipment, associated electrical power
distribution equipment, batteries and standby
engines, provided that those spaces or areas are
equipped throughout with an automatic fire
detection system in accordance with 780 CMR
918.0 and are separated from the remainder of the
building with fire separation assemblies
consisting of one-hour fireresistance rated walls
and two-hour fireresistance rated floor/ceiling
assemblies.
403.3 Alternative sprinkler system: Alternatively,
to qualify for the fireresistance rating reduction for
certain building elements listed in 780 CMR 403.3.3,
the automatic sprinkler system shall comply with
780 CMR 906.2.1 and the optional fire protection
features listed in 780 CMR 403.3.1 and 403.3.2.
403.3.1 Control valves and water-flow devices:
Sprinkler control valves equipped with
supervisory initiating devices and water-flow
initiating devices shall be provided for each floor.
403.3.2 Automatic sprinkler system alternative:
Where a complete automatic sprinkler system
with the additional system features listed in
780 CMR 403.3.1 and 403.3.2 is installed
throughout, modifications to 780 CMR are
permitted as described in 780 CMR 403.3.3.1 and
403.3.3.2.
403.3.3 Automatic sprinkler system alternative:
Where a complete automatic sprinkler system
with additional system features listed in 780 CMR
403.3.3.1 and 403.3.3.2.
403.3.3.1 Type of construction: Other than in
buildings with an occupancy in Use Groups F-
I, H-3, M and S-l, the minimum type of
construction required by 780 CMR shall be
modified as indicated in Table 403.3.3.1.
Exception: The Type 1A to IB
modification shall be permitted for
buildings with an occupancy in Use Groups
F-l, MandS-1.
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Table 403.3.3.1
TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION
MODIFICATIONS PERMITTED FOR
HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS
Type of Construction set
' forth in Table 602
Modified type of construction
permitted hereunder
1A
IB
2A
IB
2A a
2B
Note a. The minimum fireresistance rating floor
construction shall be two hours.
403.3.3.2 Shaft enclosures: The required
fireresistance rating of the fire separation
assemblies enclosing vertical shafts, other
than stairway enclosures and elevator
hoistway enclosures, shall be reduced to one
hour where automatic sprinklers are
installed within the shafts at the top and at
alternate floor levels.
403.4 Automatic fire detection: A smoke detector
suitable for the intended application shall be
installed in each of the following rooms: mechanical
equipment, electrical; transformer; telephone
equipment; elevator machine; or similar room. The
actuation of any detector shall sound an alarm at a
constantly attended location.
403.5 Voice/alarm signaling systems: A
voice/alarm signaling system shall be provided in
accordance with 780 CMR 917.9 and activated in
accordance with 780 CMR 917.7.1.
403.6 Fire department communication system: A
two-way fire department communication system
shall be provided for fire department use. The
communication system shall operate between the fire
command station and every elevator, elevator lobby
and enclosed exit stairway. Acceptable types of fire
department communications shall include:
1 Telephone or fire department radio in lieu of
a dedicated system, where approved by the fire
department; and
2. Intercom or two-way public address system
complying with NFiPA 72 listed in Appendix A.
403.7 Fire command station: A fire command
station for fire department operations shall be
provided in a location approved by the fire
department. The fire command station shall contain:
the voice/alarm signaling system controls; the fire
department communication system controls; the
automatic fire detection and protective signaling
system annunciator panels; an annunciator that
visually indicates the floor location of elevators and
whether they are operational; status indicators and
controls for air-handling systems; controls for
unlocking all stairway doors simultaneously;
sprinkler valve and water-flow detector display
panels; emergency and standby power; status
indicators; and a telephone for fire department use
with controlled access to the public telephone
system.
403.8 Elevators: Elevator operation and installation
shall be in accordance with 524 CMR. Elevator
service shall be provided for fire department
emergency access to all floors. Elevator cab
dimensions shall conform to the applicable
requirements of 524 CMR.
Except for the main entrance level, all elevators
shall open into a lobby separated from the remainder
of the building by one hour fireresistance rated
construction.
Exit stairways, chutes, janitor closets, tenant
spaces in Use Group R and service rooms shall not
open into the elevator lobby. In Use Groups other
than R tenant spaces opening into the elevator lobby
shall be provided with other means of exit access
that do not require passage through the elevator
lobby.
Exception: elevator lobbies are not required
when a smoke control system is installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 921.7.
403.9 Standby power, light and emergency
systems: Standby power, light and emergency
systems shall comply with the requirements of
780 CMR 403.9. 1 through 403.9.3.
403.9.1 Standby power: A standby power system
conforming to the requirements of 527 CMR as
listed in Appendix A. If the standby system is a
generator set inside a building, the system shall be
located in a separate room enclosed with two-hour
fireresistance rated fire separation assemblies.
System supervision with manual start and transfer
features shall be provided at the fire command
station.
403.9.1.1 Fuel supply: An on-premises fuel
supply, sufficient for not less than two-hour
full-demand operation of the system, shall be
provided.
Exception: Where the system is supplied
with pipeline natural gas and is approved.
403.9.1.2 Capacity: The standby system shall
have a capacity and rating that supplies all
equipment required to be operational at the
same time. The generating capacity is not
required to be sized to operate all of the
connected electrical equipment simultaneously.
403.9.1.3 Connected facilities: All power and
lighting facilities for the fire command station
and elevators specified in 780 CMR 403.7 and
403.8, as applicable, and electrically powered
fire pumps required to maintain pressure, shall
be transferable to the standby source. Standby
power shall be provided for at least one
elevator to serve all floors and be transferable
to any elevator.
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403.9.2 Separate circuits and fixtures: Separate
lighting circuits and fixtures shall be required to
provide sufficient light with an intensity of not
less than one footcandle (10.76 lux) measured at
floor level in all means of egress corridors,
stairways, smokeproof enclosures, elevator cars
and lobbies, and other areas which are clearly a
part of the escape route.
403.9.2.1 Other circuits: All circuits
supplying lighting for the fire command station
and mechanical equipment rooms shall be
transferable to the standby source.
403.9.3 Emergency systems: Exit signs, exit
illumination as required by 780 CMR 1024.0, and
elevator car lighting are classified as emergency
systems and shall operate within ten seconds of
failure of the normal power supply and shall be
capable of being transferred to the standby source.
Exception: Exit sign, exit and means of egress
illumination are permitted to be powered by a
standby source in buildings of Use Groups F
and S.
403.10 Stairway door operation: All stairway
doors which are to be locked from the stairway side
shall be capable of being unlocked simultaneously
without unlatching upon a signal from the fire
command station.
403.10.1 Stairway communication system: A
telephone or other two-way communication
system connected to an approved constantly
attended station shall be provided at not less than
every fifth floor in each required stairway where
the doors to the stairway are locked.
403.11 Smokeproof enclosures: A smokeproof
enclosure, as set forth in 780 CMR 1015.0 is
required for at least one exit. Other required
stairways greater than 70 feet in height shall be
pressurized to a minimum of 0.15 inches of water
column, but not exceeding 0.35 inches of water
column. Such required stairway pressurization
being relative to building pressure and with all
stairway doors closed. Pressurization design shall
take into consideration maximum anticipated stack
pressure effects in the stairway.
The stairway pressurization system shall be
activated by any deuces which are required to
activate the voice alarm system described in
780 CMR 403.5.
780 CMR 404.0 ATRIUMS
404.1 General: The term "atrium" shall mean an
occupied space that includes a floor opening or
series of floor openings, which connects two or more
stories. An atrium shall comply with 780 CMR
404.0 where a shaft enclosure is required by
780 CMR 713.3. Atriums shall be permitted in all
occupancies, other than Use Group H, where
provided with the protection herein required.
404.2 Automatic sprinkler system: The atrium and
all stories and floor areas connected to the atrium
shall be equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with 780 CMR
906.2.1. The automatic sprinkler system shall be
supervised in accordance with 780 CMR 923.1,
method 1, 2 or 3.
Exception: An automatic sprinkler system shall
not be required in areas separated from the atrium
by fire separation assemblies in accordance with
780 CMR 709.0.
404.3 Atrium occupancy: The floor of the atrium
shall not be occupied for other than low fire-hazard
occupancies and only approved materials and
decorations shall be located in the atrium space.
Exception: The occupancy of the atrium floor
area for any approved purpose shall not be
restricted where the hazard is protected with an
automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance
with 780 CMR 906.2.1.
404.3.1 Exit discharge: Exit discharge in
accordance with 780 CMR 1020.0 is permitted
within the atrium.
404.4 Smoke control: A smoke control system
complying with 780 CMR 921.0 shall be installed in
all atriums that connect more than two stories.
404.5 Enclosure of atriums: Atrium spaces shall be
separated from adjacent spaces by a one-hour fire
partition as required for corridors.
Exceptions
1. In residential occupancies, protected openings
are not required where the floor area of each guest
room or dwelling unit does not exceed 1,000
square feet (93 m 2 ) and each room or unit has an
approved means of egress not entering the atrium.
2. Adjacent spaces shall be separated from the
atrium by fire windows or by a tempered, wired,
laminated glass or glass-block wall subject to the
following criteria:
2.1. The glass shall be protected by a
specially designed automatic sprinkler system.
The sprinkler system shall completely wet the
entire surface of the glass wall when actuated.
Where there are walking surfaces on both sides
of the glass, both sides of the glass shall be so
protected;
2.2. The tempered, wired or laminated glass
shall be in a gasketed frame and installed in
such a manner that the framing system will
deflect without breaking (loading) the glass
before the sprinkler system operates;
2.3. The glass-block wall assembly shall be
installed in accordance with the listing for a Vt-
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hour fireresistance rating and the requirements
of780CMR2115.0;and
2.4. Obstructions, such as curtain rods,
drapery traverse rods, curtains, drapes or
similar materials shall not be installed between
the automatic sprinklers and the glass.
3. The adjacent spaces of any three floors of the
atrium shall not be required to be separated from
the atrium; however, these spaces shall be
included in the atrium volume for the design of
the smoke control system (see 780 CMR 921.0).
404.6 Signaling system: A fire protective signaling
system shall be installed in all occupancies with an
atrium that connects more than two stories. The
system shall be activated in accordance with
780 CMR 917.7.1. Such occupancies in Use Group
A, E or M shall be provided with a voice/alarm
signaling system complying with the requirements of
780 CMR 917.9.
404.7 Travel distance: In other than the lowest level
of the atrium, where the required means of egress is
through the atrium space, the portion of exit access
travel distance within the atrium space shall not
exceed 150 feet (45720 mm).
780 CMR 405.0 UNDERGROUND
STRUCTURES
405.1 Applicability: The provisions of 780 CMR
405.0 apply to all structures having a floor level
used for human occupancy more than 30 feet (9144
mm) below, or more than one story below, the
lowest level of exit discharge serving that floor level.
Exception: The provisions of 780 CMR 405.0
shall not apply to the following structures:
1. Occupancies in Use Group R-3 equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.0.
2. Public garages equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.0.
3 . Fixed guideway transit systems.
4. Occupancies in Use Group A-5.
5. Structures wherein the lowest story is the only
story that qualifies the structure as an
underground structure and which have an area not
exceeding 1,500 square feet (140 m 2 ) and an
occupant load less than ten.
405.2 Construction: The underground portion of the
structure shall be of Type 1 construction.
405.3 Automatic sprinkler system: The highest
level of exit discharge serving the underground
portions of the structure and all levels below shall be
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with 780 CMR 906.0.
405.4 Compartmentation: In structures that have a
floor level more than 60 feet (18288 mm) below the
lowest level of exit discharge, the highest level of
exit discharge serving the underground portions of
the structure and all levels below shall each be
divided into a minimum of two compartments of
approximately equal size by a smoke barrier in
accordance with 780 CMR 712.0.
Exception: Two compartments are not required in
the lowest story where such story has an area of
less than 1,500 square feet (140 m 2 ) and an
occupant load of less than ten.
405.4.1 Smoke barrier penetrations:
Penetrations of the smoke barrier shall be limited
to plumbing and automatic sprinkler system
piping and electrical raceways. The air supply,
return and exhaust system provided in one
compartment shall be independent of such
systems provided in other compartments.
405.4.2 Elevators: Where elevators are provided,
each compartment shall have direct access to an
elevator. Where an elevator serves more than one
compartment, an elevator lobby shall be provided
and shall be separated from both compartments by
a fire separation assembly having not less than a
one-hour fireresistance rating.
405.4.3 Egress: Each compartment shall contain
not less than one exit and shall also have an exit
access doorway into the adjoining compartment.
405.5 Smoke exhaust system: Where
compartmentation is required by 780 CMR 405.4,
each compartment shall have an independent
automatically activated smoke exhaust system
capable of manual operation. The system shall have
an air supply and smoke exhaust capability which
will provide a minimum of six air changes per hour.
405.5.1 Automatic fire detection: A smoke
detector complying with 780 CMR 918.8 and
suitable for the intended use shall be installed in
each of the following rooms: mechanical
equipment; electrical; transformer; telephone
equipment; elevator machine; or similar room.
The actuation of any detector shall sound an alarm
at a constantly attended location.
405.5.2 Activation: The smoke exhaust system
shall be activated in the compartment of origin by
actuation of the following, independently of each
other:
1 . Automatic sprinkler system;
2. Smoke detectors required by 780 CMR
405.5.1; and
3. Manual controls provided for fire
department use.
405.6 Fire protective signaling system: Where the
lowest level of a structure is more than 60 feet
(18288 mm) below the lowest level of exit
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discharge, the structure shall be equipped
throughout with a fire protective signaling system in
accordance with 780 CMR 917.0, including a
voice/alarm signaling system installed in accordance
with 780 CMR 917.9 and activated in accordance
with 780 CMR 917.7.1.
405.7 Public address: Where a fire protective
signaling system is not required by 780 CMR 405.6
or 917.4, a public address system shall be provided
which shall be capable of transmitting voice
communications to the highest level of exit
discharge serving the underground portions of the
structure and all levels below.
405.8 Standby power: A standby power system of
sufficient capacity and rating and conforming to the
requirements of 527 CMR 12.00 as listed in
Appendix A shall be provided.
405.8.1 Fuel supply: If the standby system is a
generator set inside a structure, the system shall
be located in a separate room enclosed with two-
hour fireresistance fire rated fire separation
assemblies. System supervision with manual start
and transfer features shall be provided at the
central station.
405.8.2 Capacity: The standby system shall
supply the following required systems:
1. Smoke exhaust system.
2. Smokeproof enclosure.
3. Fire pumps.
4. One elevator to serve all floors with the
capability of transferring power to any
elevator.
5. Emergency electrical system.
405.9 Emergency power: An emergency electrical
system of sufficient capacity and rating and
conforming to the requirements of 527 CMR 12.00
as listed in Appendix A shall be provided. The
emergency system shall supply the following
required systems:
1 . Voice communication system.
2. Fire protective signaling system.
3. Fire detection systems.
4. Elevator car lighting.
5. Means of egress lighting and exit sign
illumination.
780 CMR 406.0 OPEN PARKING
STRUCTURES
406.1 General: Open parking structures are those
structures used for the parking or storage of
passenger motor vehicles designed to carry not more
than nine persons, wherein provision for the repair
of such vehicles is not made and where the exterior
walls of the structure have openings on not less than
two sides. Open parking structures are not required
to conform to 780 CMR 408.0 for public garages.
406.1.1 Openings: The exterior walls of the open
parking structure shall have uniformly distributed
openings on not less than two sides totaling not
less than 40% of the building perimeter. The
aggregate area of such openings in exterior walls
in each level shall not be less than 20% of the
total perimeter wall area of each level. Interior
wall lines and column lines shall be at least 20%
open with openings distributed to provide
ventilation.
Exception: Openings are not required to be
distributed over 40% of the building perimeter
where the required openings are uniformly
distributed over two opposing sides of the
building.
406.1.2 Separation: Exterior walls containing
openings shall have afire separation distance of
greater than ten feet (3048 mm).
406.2 Construction requirements: Passenger
vehicle structures shall be constructed of approved
non combustible materials throughout, including
structural framing, floors, roofs and walls. Any
enclosed room or space on the premises shall
comply with the applicable requirements of
780 CMR.
406.3 Fuel dispensing: Areas where fuel is
dispensed shall conform to the requirements of
780 CMR 408.4.
406.4 Heights and areas: Heights and areas of open
parking structures shall not exceed the limitations
specified in Table 406.4, except as provided for in
780 CMR 406.4.1. The heights and areas are
subject to the increases indicated in 780 CMR 504.0
and 506.0. The above height limitations permit
parking on the roof.
Table 406.4
HEIGHT AND AREA LIMITATIONS FOR
OPEN PARKING STRUCTURES
Type of
construction
Height
Area (square feet)
lAandlB Unlimited Unlimited
2 A 12 Stories -120 feet Unlimited
2B 10 Stories- 100 feet : 50,000
2C 8 Stories - 85 feet 50.000
Note a. 1 foot = 304.8 mm; 1 square foot = 0.093 m
406.4.1 Unlimited area: Structures with all sides
open shall be unlimited in area provided that the
height does not exceed 75 feet (22860 mm). For
a side to be considered open, the total area of
openings along the side shall not be less than 50%
of the exterior area of the side at each parking
level and such openings shall be equally
distributed along the length of each level. All
portions of each parking level shall be within 200
feet (60960 mm) horizontally from an exterior
wall opening on any permanent open space.
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406.5 Guards: All open-sided floor areas shall be
provided with a guard in accordance with 780 CMR
1021.0, except that in those structures wherein
vehicles are hoisted to the desired level and placed
in the parking space entirely by approved
mechanical means, the guard is not required on the
side of the parking levels adjacent to the space
occupied by the hoisting and placing equipment.
406.6 Wheel guards: Wheel guards made of
approved noncombustible material shall be placed
wherever required.
780 CMR 407.0 PRIVATE GARAGES
407.1 General: Private garages shall comply with
the requirements of 780 CMR 407.0. All private
garages not falling within the purview of 780 CMR
407.3 through 407.7 and which are attached to or
located beneath a building shall comply with the
requirements of 780 CMR 3 13.0 for public garages.
407.2 Definitions: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 407.0 and as
used elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings
shown herein.
Garage, private: A garage for four or less passenger
motor vehicles, four or less single motor
airplanes, or one commercial motor vehicle,
without provision for repairing or servicing such
vehicles for profit.
407.3 Beneath rooms: Private garages located
beneath habitable rooms in occupancies in Use
Group R- 1 . R-2, R-3 or I- 1 shall be separated from
adjacent interior spaces by fire partitions and
floor/ceiling assemblies which are constructed with
not less than a one-hour fireresistance rating. Wood
structural members of the minimum dimensions
specified in 780 CMR 2304.0 for Type 4
construction shall be acceptable without any further
protection where a one-hour fireresistance rating is
required.
407.4 Attached to rooms: Private garages attached
side-by-side to rooms in occupancies in Use Group
R-l, R-2, R-3 or 1-1 shall be completely separated
from the interior spaces and the attic area by means
of %-inch Type-X gypsum board or the equivalent
applied to the garage side.
407.5 Door sills: The sills of all door openings
between private garages and adjacent interior spaces
shall be raised not less than four inches (102 mm)
above the garage floor.
407.6 Opening protectives: The door opening
protectives shall comply with one of the following.
1. l 3 /4-inch solid core wood door.
2. l 3 /<i-inch solid or honeycomb core steel door
407.7 Firestopping of concealed spaces: Where a
garage is connected to an occupancy in Use Group
R-3 by a concealed space, such as a breezeway, that
is of Type 5B construction and ten feet (3048 mm)
or greater in length, the junction of the garage and
the concealed space shall be firestopped to comply
with 780 CMR 720.0.
407.8 Means of egress: Where living quarters are
located above a private garage, the required means
of egress facilities shall be separated from the garage
area with one-hour fireresistance rated construction.
780 CMR 408.0 PUBLIC GARAGES
408.1 General: Public garages shall comply with
the applicable requirements of 780 CMR 408.0.
Those portions of public garages where paint
spraying is done shall comply with the requirements
of 780 CMR 419.0.
408.2 Definitions: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 408.0 and as
used elsewhere in 780 CMR have the meanings
shown herein.
Garage, public A building or structure for the
storage or parking of more than four passenger
motor vehicles, motor-powered boats or private or
commercial airplanes, or more than one
commercial motor vehicle. Public garages shall
be classified in one of the following groups
according to their specific occupancies:
Group 1: A public garage occupied for the
storage, parking, repairing or the painting of, or
the dispensing of fuel to. motor vehicles.
Group 2. A public garage occupied exclusively
for passenger vehicles that will accommodate not
more than nine passengers.
408.3 Construction: All Group I public garages
hereafter erected shall be classified as Use Group S-
1 and all Group 2 public garages shall be classified
as UseGroup S-2; both shall conform to the height
and area limitations of Table 503 except as
specifically provided for herein.
408.3.1 Sprinkler system: All public garages
shall be equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with 780 CMR
906.2.1:
1. Where any fire area exceeds 12,000 square
feet (11 16 nr);
2. Where the total area of a\\fire areas on all
floors exceeds 24.000 square feet (2232 nr);
3 . Where any fire area is more than three
stories above grade, or
4. Where located beneath other use groups.
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For the purposes of 780 CMR 408.0, a roof
occupied for the parking or storage of motor
vehicles shall not constitute a story.
408.3.2 Roof storage of motor vehicles: Where
the roof of a building is occupied for the parking
or storage of motor vehicles, such roof shall be
provided with a parapet wall or a guard
constructed in accordance with 780 CMR 1021.0,
and with a wheel guard not less than six inches
(152 mm) in height that is located so as to prevent
any vehicle from striking the parapet wall or
guard.
408.3.3 Floor construction: The floor finish of
public garages, including airplane hangers, shall
be of concrete or other approved nonabsorbent,
noncombustible material.
408.4 Fuel-dispensing areas: Fuel-dispensing areas
shall be located on the level nearest grade. Public
garages with fuel-dispensing areas shall be
completely separated from any other use group by
fire separation assemblies having a minimum
fireresistance rating of two hours. The floors of the
fuel-dispensing areas shall be graded to a floor
drainage system such that any fuel spill or leak is
contained within the area. The drainage system shall
conform to the requirements of the plumbing code
listed in Appendix A. The fuel-dispensing area shall
be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system in
accordance with 780 CMR 9.
408.4.1 Fuel-dispensing systems: All fuel-
dispensing and fuel storage systems shall conform
to the requirements of the mechanical code listed
in Appendix A.
408.5 Ventilation: All public garages shall be
ventilated in accordance with the mechanical code
listed in Appendix A. Fuel-dispensing areas shall be
mechanically ventilated.
408.6 Special hazards: Any process conducted in
conjunction with public garages which involves
volatile flammable solvents shall be segregated or
located in a detached building or structure, except as
provided for in 780 CMR 418.0 for the storage and
handling of gasoline and other volatile flammables.
The quantity of flammable liquids stored or handled
in public garages except in underground storage
tanks, in special enclosures where permitted in
accordance with NFiPA 30A and the fire prevention
code listed in Appendix A, and in the tanks of motor
vehicles — shall not be more than five gallons (0.019
m 2 ) in approved safety cans.
780 CMR 409.0 USE GROUP 1-2
409.1 General: All occupancies in Use Group 1-2
shall comply with the provisions of 780 CMR 409.0
and all other applicable provisions of 780 CMR,
except that 780 CMR 409 shall not apply to
occupancies in Use Group 1-2 that are not equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.0.
Note: Hospitals, nursing homes and
convalescent homes shall be constructed of Type
1 construction, in accordance with M.G.L.
c. Ill, §§51 and 71.
409.2 Corridors: All corridors in occupancies in
Use Group 1-2 shall be continuous to the exits and
separated from all other areas except waiting areas,
nurses' stations and mental health treatment areas
conforming to 780 CMR 409.2.1 through 409.2.4.
409.2.1 Waiting areas: Waiting areas shall not be
open to the corridor, except where all of-the
following criteria are met:
1. The aggregate area of waiting areas in each
smoke compartment does not exceed 600
square feet (56m 2 );
2. Each area is located to permit direct visual
supervision by facility staff;
3. Each area is equipped with an automatic
fire detection system installed in accordance
with 780 CMR 918.0; and
4. Each area is arranged so as not to obstruct
access to the required exits.
409.2.2 Waiting areas of unlimited area: Spaces
constructed as required for corridors shall not be
open to a corridor, except where all of the
following criteria are met:
1. The spaces are not occupied for patient
sleeping rooms, treatment rooms or specific
occupancy areas as defined in 780 CMR
302.1.1;
2. Each space is located to permit direct
visual supervision by the facility staff;
3. Both the space and corridors that the space
opens into in the same smoke compartment are
protected by an automatic fire detection system
installed in accordance with 780 CMR 918.0;
and
4. The space is arranged so as not to obstruct
access to the required exits.
409.2.3 Nurses' stations: Spaces for doctors' and
nurses' charting, communications and related
clerical areas shall not be open to the corridor,
except where such spaces are constructed as
required for corridors.
409.2.4 Mental health treatment areas: Areas
wherein only mental health patients who are
capable of self-preservation are housed, or group
meeting or multipurpose therapeutic spaces other
than specific occupancy areas as defined in
780 CMR 302.1.1, under continuous supervision
by facility staff, shall not be open to the corridor,
except where all of the following criteria are met:
1. Each area does not exceed 1,500 square
feet (140 m 2 );
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2. The area is located to permit supervision by
the facility staff;
3. The area is arranged so as not to obstruct
any access to the required exits;
4. The area is equipped with an automatic fire
detection system installed in accordance with
7S0CMR918.0;
5. Not more than one such space is permitted
in any one smoke compartment; and
6. The walls and ceilings of the space are
constructed as required for corridors.
409.3 Corridor walls: Corridor walls shall form a
barrier to limit the transfer of smoke. The walls
shall extend from the floor to the underside of the
floor or roof deck above or to the underside of the
ceiling above where the ceiling membrane is
constructed to limit the transfer of smoke.
409.3.1 Corridor doors: Corridor doors, other
than those in a wall required to be rated by
7S0 CMR 302.1.1 or for the enclosure of a
vertical opening or an exit, shall not have a
required fireresistance rating and shall not be
required to be equipped with self-closing or
automatic-closing devices, but shall provide an
effective barrier to limit the transfer of smoke and
shall be equipped with positive latching. Roller
latches are not permitted. All other doors shall
conform to 780 CMR 716.0.
409.3.2 Locking devices: Locking devices which
restrict access to the patient room from the
corridor, and which are operable only by staff
from the corridor side, shall not restrict the means
of egress from the patient room except for patient
rooms in mental health facilities. Also see
780 CMR 1017.4.1.8(2).
409.4 Smoke barriers: Smoke barriers shall be
provided to subdivide every story used by patients
for sleeping or treatment into at least two smoke
compartments. Such stories shall be divided into
smoke compartments with an area of not more than
22,500 square feet (2092 nr) and the travel distance
from any point in a smoke compartment to a smoke
barrier door shall not exceed 150 feet (45720 mm).
The smoke barrier shall be in accordance with
780 CMR 712.0.
409.4.1 Refuge area: At least 30 net square feet
(2.8 nr) per patient shall be provided within the
aggregate area of corridors, patient rooms,
treatment rooms, lounge or dining areas and other
low-hazard areas on each side of each smoke
barrier. On floors not housing patients confined
to a bed or litter, at least six net square feet (0.56
nr) per occupant shall be provided on each side of
each smoke barrier for the total number of
occupants in adjoining smoke compartments.
409.4.2 Independent egress: A means of egress
shall be provided from each smoke compartment
created by smoke barriers without having to
return through the smoke compartment from
which means of egress originated.
409.5 Automatic sprinkler system: Smoke
compartments containing patient sleeping rooms
shall be equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with 780 CMR
906.2.1. Patient sleeping rooms shall be equipped
with quick-response sprinklers.
409.5.1 Automatic fire detection: Patient
sleeping rooms in nursing homes (both
intermediate care and skilled nursing facilities)
and detoxification facilities shall be provided with
a smoke detector that is permanently connected to
the normal power supply and that complies with
the requirements of UL 217 or UL 268 listed in
Appendix A. Such detectors shall provide a
visual display on the corridor side of each patient
room and shall provide an audible and visual
alarm at the nursing station attending that room.
Where such detectors and related devices are not
combined with the nursing call system, the
detectors shall be installed in accordance with
780 CMR 918.0.
Exceptions:
1 . Smoke detectors are not required in patient
rooms equipped with automatic door-closing
devices with integral smoke detectors on the
room sides installed in accordance with their
listing, provided that the integral detectors
perform the required alerting function.
2. Patient-room smoke detectors installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 918.0 are not
required to activate the fire protective signaling
system where the visual and audible alarms
required in 780 CMR 409.5. 1 are provided.
3. Sleeping rooms of a child care facility as
specified in 780 CMR 308.3. 1 .
780 CMR 410.0 USE GROUP 1-3
410.1 General: All occupancies in Use Group 1-3
shall comply with the provisions of 780 CMR 410.0
and all other applicable provisions of 780 CMR (see
780 CMR 308.4).
410.2 Mixed use groups: Portions of buildings with
an occupancy in Use Group 1-3 which are classified
as a different use group shall meet the applicable
requirements of 780 CMR for such use groups.
Where security operations necessitate the locking of
required means of egress, provisions shall be made
for the release of occupants at all times.
410.3 Means of egress: Except as modified or as
provided for in 7S0 CMR 410.0, the provisions of
780 CMR 10 shall apply.
410.3.1 Door width: Doors to resident sleeping
rooms shall have a clear width of not less than 28
inches (71 1 mm).
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410.3.2 Sliding doors: Where doors in a means of
egress are of the horizontal-sliding type, the force
to slide the door to its fully open position shall not
exceed 50 pounds (222 N) with a perpendicular
force against the door of 50 pounds (222 N).
410.3.3 Horizontal exits: Horizontal exits shall
be permitted to comprise 100% of the exits
required provided that access to an exit, other than
a horizontal exit, is available in another fire
compartment without requiring return through the
compartment of origin. At least six square feet
(0.56 m 2 ) of available space per occupant shall be
provided on each side of the horizontal exit for
the total number of occupants in the compartment
served by that exit.
410.3.4 Spiral stairs and alternating tread
stairways: Spiral stairs that conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 1014.6.4 and
alternating tread stairways that conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 1014.6.6 are permitted
for access to and in between staff locations.
410.3.5 Exit discharge: Exits are permitted to
discharge into a fenced or walled courtyard.
Enclosed yards or courts shall be of a size to
accommodate all occupants, a minimum of 50 feet
(15240 mm) from the building with a net area of
15 square feet (1.4 m 2 ) per person.
410.3.6 Sallyports: A sallyport shall be permitted
in a means of egress where there are provisions
for continuous and unobstructed passage through
the sallyport during an emergency exiting
condition. A sallyport is a security vestibule with
two or more doors where the intended purpose is
to prevent continuous and unobstructed passage
by allowing the release of only one door at a time.
410.3.7 Exit stairways: One of the required exit
stairways in each building shall be permitted to
have glazing installed in doors and interior walls
at each landing level providing access to the
stairway, provided that all of the following
conditions are met:
1 . The stairway shall not serve more than four
floor levels.
2. Stair doors shall not be less than 3 /i-hour
fire doors complying with 780 CMR 716.0.
3. The total area of glazing at each floor level
shall not exceed 5,000 square inches (3.23 m 2 )
and individual panels of glazing shall not
exceed 1,296 square inches (0.84 m 2 ).
4. The glazing shall be protected on both
sides by an automatic sprinkler system. The
sprinkler system shall be designed to wet
completely the entire surface of any glazing
affected by fire when actuated.
5. The glazing shall be in a gasketed frame
and installed in such a manner that the framing
system will detlect without breaking (loading)
the glass before the sprinkler system operates
6. Obstructions, such as curtain rods, drapery
traverse rods, curtains, drapes or similar
materials shall not be installed between the
automatic sprinklers and the glazing.
410.4 Locks: Egress doors are permitted to be
locked in accordance with the applicable use
condition. Doors from an area of refuge to exterior
are permitted to be locked with a key lock the in lieu
of locking methods described in 780 CMR 410.4.1.
The keys to unlock the exterior doors shall be
available at all times and the locks shall be operable
from both sides of the door.
410.4.1 Remote release: All remote release of
locks on doors in a means of egress shall be
provided with reliable means of operation, remote
from the resident living areas, to release locks on
all required doors. In Occupancy Conditions III
or IV, the arrangement, accessibility and security
of the release mechanism(s) required for egress
shall be such that with the minimum available
staff at any time, the lock mechanisms are capable
of being released within two minutes.
Exception: Provisions for remote locking and
unlocking of occupied rooms in Occupancy
Condition IV are not required provided that not
more than ten locks are necessary to be
unlocked in order to move all occupants from
one smoke compartment to an area of refuge
within three minutes. The opening of all
necessary locks shall be accomplished with not
more than two separate keys.
410.4.2 Power-operated doors and locks: All
power-operated sliding doors or power-operated
locks for swinging doors shall be operable by a
manual release mechanism at the door, and either
emergency power or a remote mechanical
operating release shall be provided.
410.4.3 Redundant operation: Remote release,
mechanically operated sliding doors or remote
release, mechanically operated locks shall be
provided with a mechanically operated release
mechanism at each door, or shall be provided with
a redundant remote release control.
410.4.4 Relock capability: Doors remotely
unlocked under emergency conditions shall not
automatically relock when closed unless specific
action is taken at the remote location to enable
doors to relock.
410.4.5 Emergency power: Emergency power in
accordance with 527 CMR 12.00 as listed in
Appendix A shall be provided for all electrically
power-operated sliding doors and power-operated
locks.
Exception: Facilities with ten locks or less
complying with the exception to 780 CMR
410.4.1.
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
410.5 Vertical openings: Vertical openings shall be
enclosed in accordance with 780 CMR 713.3.
Exception: A floor opening between floor levels
of residential housing areas is permitted without
enclosure protection between the levels, provided
that all of the following conditions are met:
1. The entire normally occupied areas so
interconnected are open and unobstructed so as
to enable observation of the areas by
supervisory personnel.
2. Means of egress capacity is sufficient to
provide simultaneous egress for all occupants
from all interconnected levels and areas.
3 . The height difference between the highest
and lowest finished floor levels shall not
exceed 23 feet (7010 mm). Each story,
considered separately, has at least one-half of
its individual required means of egress capacity
provided by exits leading directly out of that
story without traversing another story within
the inter-connected area.
410.6 Smoke barrier: All occupancies in Use
Group 1-3 shall have smoke barriers complying with
780 CMR 712.0 to divide every story occupied by
residents for sleeping, or any other story having an
occupant load of 50 or more persons, into at least
two smoke compartments.
Exception: Spaces having direct exit to one of the
following, provided that the locking arrangement
of the doors involved complies with the
requirements for doors at the compartment barrier
for the use condition involved:
1. A public way,
2. A building separated from the resident
housing area by a two-hour fireresistance rated
assembly or 50 feet (15240 mm) of open space; or
3. A secured yard or court having a holding
space 50 feet (15240 mm) from the housing area
that provides six square feet (0.56 nr) or more of
refuge area per occupant including residents, staff
and visitors.
410.6.1 Smoke compartments: The maximum
number of residents in any smoke compartment
shall be 200. The travel distance to a door in a
smoke barrier from any room door required as exit
access shall not exceed 150 feet (45720 mm).
The travel distance to a door in a smoke barrier
from any point in a room shall not exceed 200 feet
(60960 mm).
410.6.2 Refuge area: At least six net square feet
per occupant shall be provided on each side of
each smoke barrier for the total number of
occupants in adjoining smoke compartments.
This space shall be readily available whenever the
occupants are moved across the smoke barrier in
a fire emergency.
410.6.3 Independent egress: A means of egress
shall be provided from each smoke compartment
created by smoke barriers without having to
return through the smoke compartment from
which means of egress originates.
410.7 Subdivision of resident housing areas:
Sleeping areas including an individual cell or
dormitory and any contiguous day room, group
activity space or other common spaces where
residents are housed shall be separated from all other
spaces in accordance with 780 CMR 410.7.1 through
410.7.4.
410.7.1 Occupancy Conditions IH and IV: Each
sleeping area in Occupancy Conditions HI and IV
shall be separated from the adjacent common
spaces by a smoke-tight partition where the travel
distance from the dormitory room or cell through
the common space to the exit access corridor
exceeds 50 feet (15240 mm).
410.7.2 Occupancy Condition V: Each sleeping
area in Occupancy Condition V shall be separated
from adjacent sleeping areas, corridors and
common spaces by a smoke-tight partition.
Additionally, common spaces shall be separated
from the exit access corridor by a smoke-tight
partition.
410.7.3 Openings in room face: The aggregate
area of all openings in a solid sleeping room face
in Occupancy Conditions n, III, IV and V shall
not exceed 120 square inches (77419 mm 2 ). The
aggregate area shall include all openings
including door undercuts, food passes and grilles.
All openings shall be not more than 36 inches
(914 mm) above the floor. In Occupancy
Condition V, the openings shall be closable from
the room side.
410.7.4 Smoke-tight doors: Doors in openings in
partitions required to be smoke tight by 780 CMR
410.7 shall be substantial doors, of construction
that will resist the passage of smoke. Latches and
door closers are not required on cell doors.
410.8 Windowless buildings: For the purposes of
780 CMR 410.8, a windowless building or portion of
a building is one with nonopenable windows,
windows not readily breakable or without windows.
Windowless buildings shall be provided with vent
openings, smoke shafts or an engineered smoke
control system to provide ventilation (mechanical or
natural) for each windowless smoke compartment.
780 CMR 41 1.0 MOTION PICTURE
PROJECTION ROOMS, SCREENING
ROOMS AND SOUND STAGES
(Refer to M.G.L. c. 143, § 89 for additional
information regarding cellulose nitrate film and
Appendix A for related Code of Massachusetts
Regulations fCMR'sJ).
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SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
411.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR 411.0
shall apply to rooms in which ribbon-type cellulose
acetate or other safety film is utilized in conjunction
with electric arc, xenon or other light-source
projection equipment which develops hazardous
gases, dust or radiation. Where cellulose nitrate film
is utilized or stored, such rooms shall comply with
NFiPA 40 listed in Appendix A.
Every motion picture machine projecting film as
mentioned within the scope of 780 CMR 41 1.0 shall
be enclosed in a projection room. Appurtenant
electrical equipment, such as rheostats, transformers
and generators, shall be within the projection room
or in an adjacent room of equivalent construction.
There shall be posted on the outside of each
projection room door and within the projection room
itself, a conspicuous sign with one-inch (25 mm)
block letters stating "Safety Film Only Permitted in
this Room".
411.2 Construction of projection rooms: Every
projection room shall be of permanent construction
consistent with the construction requirements for the
type of building in which the projection room is
located. Openings are not required to be protected.
The room shall have a floor area of not less than
80 square feet (7.44 m 2 ) for a single machine. Each
motion picture projector, floodlight, spotlight or
similar piece of equipment shall have a clear
working space of not less than 30 inches by 30
inches (762 mm by 762 mm) on each side and at the
rear thereof, but only one such space shall be
required between two adjacent projectors. The
projection room and the rooms appurtenant thereto
shall have a ceiling height of not less than seven feet
six inches (2286 mm). The aggregate of openings
for projection equipment shall not exceed 25% of the
area of the wall between the projection room and the
auditorium. All openings shall be provided with
glass or other approved material, so as to close
completely the opening.
\
411.3 Projection booth and equipment
ventilation: Projection booths and equipment shall
be ventilated in accordance with the mechanical
code listed in Appendix A.
411.4 Lighting control: Provision shall be made for
control of the auditorium lighting and the means of
egress lighting systems of theaters from inside of the
room and from at least one other convenient point in
the building as required in 780 CMR 1024.3.1.
411.5 Miscellaneous equipment: Each projection
room shall be provided with rewind and film storage
facilities.
411.6 Screening rooms: Screening rooms shall
provide a seating capacity of not more than 30
persons, with not less than two approved means of
egress complying with 780 CMR 10. Such rooms
shall be enclosed in one-hour fire separation
assemblies. All seats shall be permanently fixed in
position and the arrangement shall comply with the
requirements of 780 CMR 1012.0.
411.7 Sound stage construction: All sound stages
for motion picture or television productions shall be
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system installed in accordance with 780 CMR 9.
780 CMR 412.0 STAGES AND PLATFORMS
412.1 Applicability: The provisions of 780 CMR
412.0 shall apply to all parts of buildings and
structures which contain stages or platforms and
similar appurtenances as herein defined.
412.2 Definitions: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 412.0 and as
used elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings
shown herein.
Platform: A platform is a raised area within a
building for: the presentation of music, plays or
other entertainment; the head table for special
guests; the raised area for lectures and speakers;
boxing and wrestling rings; theater-in-the-round;
and similar purposes wherein there are no
overhead hanging curtains, drops, scenery or
stage effects other than lighting. A temporary
platform is one installed for not more than 30
days.
Stage: A stage is a partially enclosed portion of a
building which is designed or used for the
presentation of plays, demonstrations or other
entertainment. A stage shall be further classified
as either a legitimate stage, regular stage or thrust
stage.
Stage, legitimate: A stage wherein curtains,
drops, leg drops, scenery, lighting devices or other
stage effects are retractable horizontally or
suspended overhead.
Stage, regular: A stage wherein curtains, fixed
leg drops, valances, scenery and other stage
effects are hung and are not retractable.
Stage, thrust: A platform extending beyond the
proscenium arch and into the audience.
412.3 Stages: Stage construction shall comply with
780CMR412.3.1 through 412.3.9.
412.3.1 Stage floor construction: Openings
through all stage floors shall be equipped with
tight-fitting, solid wood trap doors not less than
two inches in nominal thickness with approved
safety locks or other materials of equal physical
and fire endurance properties.
412.3.1.1 Legitimate stages: Legitimate stages
shall be constructed of materials as required for
floors for the type of construction, but not less
than Type IB construction except that the
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portion of the legitimate stage extending back
from and six feet (1829 mm) beyond the full
width of the proscenium opening on each side
shall be permitted to be constructed of
noncombustible or heavy timber construction
covered with a wood floor of not less than two
inches nominal in thickness. Except for the
finished floor, combustible construction shall
not extend beyond the plane of the proscenium
opening.
412.3.1.2 Regular and thrust stages: Regular
stages and thrust stages shall be constructed of
materials as required for floors for the type of
construction of the building in which such
stages are located.
412.3.2 Stage rigging loft: The rigging loft, also
referred to as the loft or fly, is the space over the
stage where scenery and equipment is out of view.
The fly gallery is the narrow raised platform at the
side of the legitimate stage from which the lines
for flying scenery are manipulated. The gridiron
is the arrangement of beams over a legitimate
stage supporting the machinery for flying scenery
and hanging battens from which lighting is hung.
The pin rail is the beam at one side of a legitimate
stage through which wooden or metal pins are
driven and to which lines from the flies are
fastened. The rigging loft, fly galleries, gridiron
and pin rails shall be constructed of approved
noncombustible materials.
412.3.3 Footlights and stage electrical
equipment: Footlights and border lights shall be
installed in troughs constructed of approved
noncombustible materials. Ready access shall be
provided at all times to the switchboard. The
storage or placing of stage equipment against the
switchboard shall be prohibited.
412.3.4 Exterior stage doors: Where protection
of openings is required, exit discharge door
openings to the outer air shall be protected with
fire doors that comply with 780 CMR 716.0. All
exterior openings which are located on the stage
for means of egress or loading and unloading
purposes, and which are likely to be open during
occupancy of the theater, shall be constructed
with vestibules to prevent air drafts into the
auditorium.
412.3.5 Proscenium wall: Legitimate stages shall
be completely separated from the seating area by
a proscenium wall with not less than a two-hour
fireresistance rating extending continuously from
the foundation to the roof. There shall not be
other openings in the wall separating a legitimate
stage from the auditorium except: the main
proscenium opening; two doorways at the stage
level, one on each side thereof; and one doorway
to the musician's pit from the space below the
stage floor. Each such doorway shall not exceed
45 square feet (4.19 m 2 ) in area and shall be
protected with fire doors that comply with
780 CMR 716.0.
412.3.5.1 Trim, finish and decorative
hangings: All moldings and decorations
around the proscenium opening shall be
constructed entirely of approved
noncombustible material.
412.3.6 Proscenium curtain: The proscenium
opening of every legitimate stage shall be provided
with a curtain of approved material designed and
installed to intercept hot gases, flames and smoke,
and to prevent a glow from a severe fire on the stage
from showing on the auditorium side for a period of
30 minutes. The closing of the curtain from the full
open position shall be effected in less than 30
seconds, but the last eight feet of travel shall require
not less than five seconds.
412.3.6.1 Activation: The curtain shall be
activated by rate-of-rise heat detection
operating at a rate of temperature rise of 15 to
20°F per minute (8° to 1 1 °C per minute); and
by an auxiliary manual control.
412.3.6.2 Fire test: A sample curtain with a
minimum of two vertical seams shall be
subjected to the standard fire test specified in
ASTM El 19 listed in Appendix A for a period
of 30 minutes. The curtain shall overlap the
furnace edges by an amount that is appropriate
to seal the top and sides. The curtain shall
have a bottom pocket containing a minimum of
four lbs. per linear foot (6 kg/m) of batten. The
exposed surface of the curtain shall not glow,
and flame or smoke shall not penetrate the
curtain during the test period. Unexposed
surface temperature and hose stream test
requirements are not applicable to the
proscenium fire safety curtain test.
412.3.6.3 Smoke test: Curtain fabrics shall
have a smoke-developed rating of 25 or less
when tested in accordance with ASTM E84
listed in Appendix A.
412.3.6.4 Tests: The completed proscenium
curtain shall be subjected to operating tests
prior to the issuance of a certificate of
occupancy.
412.3.7 Scenery: All combustible materials used
in sets and scenery shall be rendered flame-
resistant to comply with 780 CMR 8.
412.3.8 Stage ventilation: Emergency ventilation
shall be provided for stages larger than 1,000
square feet (93 m ) in floor area, or with a stage
height greater than 50 feet (15240 mm). Such
ventilation shall comply with 780 CMR412.3.8.1
or 412.3.8.2
412.3.8.1 Roof vents: Two or more vents
constructed to open automatically by approved
heat-activated devices and with and aggregate
clear opening area of not less than 5% of the
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area of the stage shall be located near the
center and above the highest part of the stage
area, except as otherwise provided for in
780 CMR 412.3.9. Supplemental means shall
be provided for manual operation of the
ventilator. Curbs shall be provided as required
for skylights in 780 CMR 2608.2.
412.3.8.2 Smoke control: Smoke control in
accordance with 780 CMR 921.0 shall be
provided to maintain the smoke layer interface
not less than six feet (1829 mm) above the
highest level of the assembly seating or above
the top of the proscenium opening where a
proscenium wall is required by 780 CMR
412.3.5.
412.3.9 Superimposed theaters: Additions or
extensions shall not be erected over the stage
section of a theater, nor shall a second theater be
erected above another. Where approved, the
prohibition against superimposed theaters and
construction above the stage shall not apply
where approved access is provided for fire
fighting with direct means of ventilation to the
outer air from the stage portion.
412.4 Platforms: Platform construction shall
comply with 780 CMR 412.4.1 and 412.4.2.
412.4.1 Materials: In buildings required to be of
Type 1 or Type 2 construction where the
platforms are not more than 30 inches (762 mm)
above the main floor level, the minimum type of
construction for a permanent platform shall be
Type 2C. For all types of construction where the
platforms are not more than 30 inches (762 mm)
above the main floor level, not larger in area than
10% of the room floor area and not more than 200
square feet (19 m2) in area; the minimum type of
construction for a permanent platform shall be
Type 5B For all types of construction where the
platforms are not more than 30 inches (762 mm)
above the main floor level, not larger than Va of
the room floor area and not more than 3,000
square feet (279 m 2 ) in area, the minimum type of
construction for a permanent platform shall be
Type 4 or the platform shall be constructed of
fireretardant-treated wood. All other permanent
platforms shall be constructed of approved
materials as required for floors for the required
type of construction of the building in which it is
located. Temporary platforms shall be
constructed of any approved material.
412.4.2 Space beneath: The space between the
floor and a temporary platform above shall not be
utilized for any purpose other than electrical
wiring to platform equipment. Where the space
between the floor and a permanent platform above
is utilized for any purpose other than electrical
wiring or plumbing, the platform shall provide a
one-hour fireresistance rating.
412.5 Dressing and appurtenant rooms: Dressing
and appurtenant rooms shall comply with 780 CMR
412.5.1 through 412.5.3.
412.5.1 Construction: Dressing rooms, scene
docks, property rooms, workshops, storerooms
and all compartments appurtenant to the stage
shall be separated from each other and from the
stage and all other parts of the building by fire
separation assemblies with not less than a one-
hour fireresistance rating with approved opening
protectives. Such rooms shall not be placed
immediately over or under the operating stage
area
Exception: Separation from the stage is not
required for stages having a floor area of 500
square feet (46.5 m 2 ) or less.
412.5.2 Opening protectives: Openings other
than to trunk rooms and the necessary doorways
at stage level shall not connect such rooms with
the stage, and such openings shall be protected
with^re doors that comply with 780 CMR 716
412.53 Dressing room and stage exits: Each tier
of dressing rooms shall be provided with at least
two means of egress. Means of egress stairways
from dressing and storage rooms are not required
to be enclosed where located in the stage area
behind the proscenium wall. At least one
approved means of egress shall be provided from
each side of the stage: from each side of the space
under the stage; from each fly gallery; and from
the gridiron. A steel ladder shall be provided
from the gridiron to a scuttle in the stage roof.
412.6 Automatic sprinkler system: Stages and
enclosed platforms shall be equipped with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 412.0 and 780 CMR 906.0 or 780 CMR
907.0. The system shall be installed: under the roof
and gridiron, in the tie and fly galleries and in all
places behind the proscenium wall of the stage; over
and within enclosed platforms in excess of 500
square feet (46.5 m 2 ) in area; and in dressing rooms,
lounges, workshops and storerooms accessory to
such stages or enclosed platforms.
Exceptions:
1. Stages or enclosed platforms open to the
auditorium room on three or more sides.
2. Altars, pulpits or similar platforms and
accessory rooms
3 . Stage gridirons where sidewall sprinklers with
135°F (57°C) rated heads with heat-baffle plates
are installed around the perimeter of the stage
except for the proscenium opening at points not
more than 30 inches (762 mm) below the gridiron
nor more than six inches (152 mm) below the
baffle plate.
4. Under stage or enclosed platform areas less
than four feet (1219 mm) in clear height utilized
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
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for storage, the stage and supporting structures
shall be of one-hour fireresistance rated
construction.
412.7 Standpipes: A wet standpipe system in
accordance with 780 CMR 914.0 shall be provided
and equipped with 1 '/2-inch hose connections on
each side of the stage.
Exception: Where the building or area is
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system, the hose connections that are supplied
from the automatic sprinkler system shall have a
water supply of not less than that required by
NFiPA 13 listed in Appendix A.
412.7.1 Hose and cabinet: The hose connections
shall be equipped with sufficient lengths of 1 Vi -
inch hose to provide fire protection for the stage
area; such connections shall be equipped with an
approved adjustable fog nozzle and be mounted in
a cabinet or a rack.
780 CMR 413.0 SPECIAL AMUSEMENT
BUILDINGS
413.1 General: Special amusement buildings shall
comply with the requirements for buildings of the
appropriate assembly use group in addition to the
requirements of 780 CMR 413.0.
Exception: Buildings or portions thereof that are
essentially open to the outside air, such as
buildings without walls or without a roof and
arranged to prevent the accumulation of smoke in
the building or structure are not required to
comply with 780 CMR 413.0.
413.2 Special amusement building: A special
amusement building is any temporary, permanent or
mobile building or portion thereof which is occupied
for amusement, entertainment or educational
purposes and which contains a device or system
which conveys passengers or provides a walkway
along, around or over a course in any direction so
arranged that the means of egress path is not readily
apparent due to visual or audio distractions or is
intentionally confounded or is not readily available
due to the nature of the attraction or mode of
conveyance through the building or structure.
413.3 Fire detection: All special amusement
buildings shall be equipped with an automatic fire
detection system in accordance with 780 CMR
918.0.
Exception: In areas where the ambient conditions
will cause a smoke detector to activate, an
approved alternative type of automatic detector
shall be installed.
413.4 Automatic sprinklers: All special amusement
buildings shall be equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.0. Where the special amusement
building is temporary or mobile, the sprinkler water
supply shall be of an approved temporary means.
Exception: An automatic sprinkler system is not
required where the total floor area of a temporary
special amusement building is less than 1,000
square feet (93 m ) and the travel distance from
any point to an exit is less than 50 feet (15240
mm).
413.5 System response: The activation of the
automatic fire detection system within a single
protected area or the automatic sprinkler system
shall automatically:
1 . Cause illumination of the means of egress
with light of not less than one footcandle (10.76
lux) at the walking surface level;
2. Stop any conflicting or confusing sounds and
visual distractions; and
3 . Activate an approved directional exit marking
that will become apparent in an emergency.
413.5.1 Alarm: Activation of any single smoke
detector, the automatic sprinkler system or any
other automatic fire detection device shall
immediately sound an alarm at the building at a
constantly attended location from which
emergency action can be initiated including the
capability of manual initiation of requirements in
780 CMR 413.5.
413.5.2 Public address system: A public address
system, which is also permitted to serve as an
alarm system, shall be provided and shall be
audible throughout the entire special amusement
building.
413.5.3 Exit marking: "Exit" signs shall be
installed at required exit doorways. Approved
directional exit markings shall also be provided
and shall include signs as required by 780 CMR
1023 0. Where mirrors, mazes or other designs
are used that confound the means of egress paths,
approved low-level "exit" signs and directional
path markings shall be provided and located not
more than eight inches (203 mm) above the
walking surface and on or near the means of
egress path. Such markings shall become visible
when activated in accordance with 780 CMR
413.5, item 3.
413.6 Interior finish: The interior finish shall be
Class I in accordance with 780 CMR 803.2.
780 CMR 414.0 AIRPORT TRAFFIC
CONTROL TOWERS
414.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR 414.0
shall apply to airport traffic control towers not
exceeding 1,500 square feet per floor occupied only
for air traffic control, electrical and mechanical
equipment rooms, radar and electronics rooms,
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SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
office spaces incidental to tower operation and
lounges for employees, including restrooms.
414.2 Type of construction: Air traffic control
towers shall be constructed to conform to the height
and area limitations of Table 414.2.
Table 414.2
HEIGHT AND AREA LIMITATIONS FOR
AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS
Type of
construction
Height
Maximum area
(square feet)
1A, IB
2A
■ . 2B
2C
Unlimited
240 feet
100 feet
85 feet
1,500
1,500
1,500
1.500
Note a. Height to be measured from grade to cab
floor. .
Note b. 1 foot - 304.8 mm; 1 square food = 0.093m .
414.3 Egress: A minimum of one exit stairway shall
be permitted for airport traffic control towers of any
height provided that the occupant load per floor does
not exceed 15. The stairway shall conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 1014.0 and 1015.0. The
stairway shall be separated from elevators by a
minimum distance of Vi of the diagonal of the area
served.
Exception: Smokeproof enclosures as set forth in
780 CMR 1015.0 are not required where required
stairways are pressurized to a minimum of 0.15
inch of water column (37.33 P) and a maximum of
0.35 inch of water column (87. 10 P) in the shaft
relative to the building with all stairway doors
closed.
414.4 Automatic fire detection systems: Airport
traffic control towers shall be provided with an
automatic fire detection system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 918.0.
414.5 Standby power: A standby power system that
conforms to 780 CMR 403.9 and 527 CMR 12.00 as
listed in Appendix A shall be provided in airport
traffic control towers more than 65 feet (19812 mm)
in height. Power shall be provided to mechanical
equipment servicing smokeproof enclosures and
stairway pressurization systems, means of egress
lighting, elevator operational equipment and the
automatic fire detection system.
780 CMR 415.0 OUTDOOR PROCESSING
FACnJTIES
415.1 Industry standards: Outdoor processing
facilities such as chemical plants, refineries and
grain elevators shall be constructed in accordance
with the accepted engineering practice of the
specific industry and the fire prevention code listed
in Appendix A, subject to the approval of the the
building code enforcement official and the fire
prevention officer.
780 CMR 416.0 HPM FACILITIES
416.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 416.0
shall apply to buildings and structures using
hazardous production materials {HPM), such as in
semiconductor fabrication facilities and areas of
comparable research and development. Except as
specifically required by 780 CMR 416.0, such
buildings shall comply with the applicable
requirements of 780 CMR. The specific code
provisions of 780 CMR 307.0, 506.3 and Table
1009.2 applicable to high-hazard use groups shall
not apply unless stated herein.
416.2 Definitions: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 416.0 and as
used elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings
shown herein.
Emergency control station: An approved location on
the premises where signals from emergency
equipment are received and which is staffed by
trained personnel.
Fabrication area: A fabrication area is one in which
there are processes involving hazardous
production materials {HPM), and includes
ancillary rooms or areas, such as dressing rooms
and offices, which are supplemental to the area
processes.
Hazardous production material (HPM): A solid,
liquid or gas that has a degree of hazard rating in
health, flammability or reactivity of Class 3 or 4
as ranked by NFiPA 704 listed in Appendix A and
which is used directly in research, laboratory or
production processes which have as their end
product, materials which are not hazardous.
Service passage, HPM: A passage in which
hazardous production materials {HPM) are
transported from a separate inside HPM storage
room or the exterior of the building to the
perimeter wall of the fabrication area, for
purposes other than required means of egress.
Storage room, HPM, separate inside: A room in
which hazardous production materials {HPM) are
stored in containers, tanks, drums or other means,
and which is separated from other occupancies.
Such rooms include:
HPM cutoff room: An HPM storage room within
a building and having at least one exterior wall.
HPM inside room: An HPM storage room totally
enclosed within a building and not having exterior
walls.
416.3 Allowable heights, stories and area: The
allowable height, number of stories and basic areas
permitted for HPM buildings and structures shall not
exceed the limitations specified in Table 416.3. The
provisions of 780 CMR 507 shall not apply. The
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
area limitations are for one- or two-story buildings
facing on a street or public space not less than 30
feet (9144 mm) wide. The increases permitted in
780 CMR 506.2 and 506.3 shall apply.
Table 416.3
HEIGHT, NUMBER OF STORIES AND
AREA LIMITATIONS FOR HPM USE
FACILITIES
Type of
construction
Number of
stories
Height (feet) 3
Area (square
feet/floor)
lAand IB
3
55
Unlimited
2A
3
55
34,200
2B
3
55
22,500
2C
3
40
14,400
3A
3
50
19,800
3B
3
40
14,400
4
3
55
21,600
5A
3
40
15,300
5B
2
30
7.200
Note a. 1 foot = 304.8 mm; 1 square foot = 0.093 nr
416.4 Fire suppression: HPM facilities shall be
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with 780 CMR 9. The design
for the fabrication areas, service passages, separate
inside HPM storage rooms without dispensing, and
means of egress corridors shall meet the
requirements for Ordinary Hazard Group 2 in
NFiPA 13 listed in Appendix A. The design for
separate inside HPM storage rooms with dispensing
shall meet the requirements for Extra Hazard Group
2 in NFiPA 13 listed in Appendix A.
416.5 Amount of HPM in a fabrication area: The
total amount of HPM permitted in a single
fabrication area shall be based on the densities in
Table 416.5(2), or the quantities in Table 416.5(1),
whichever is the larger amount.
Table 416.5(1)
PERMITTED AMOUNTS OF HPM IN A
SINGLE FABRICATION AREA-
QUANTITY BASIS
Material Maximum quantity
Flammable liquids
Class I-A
Class I-B
Class I-C
Combination flammable liquids
containing not more than the exempt
amounts of Class I-A, I-B or I-C
flammable liquids
Combustible liquids
Class n
Class III-A
Flammable gases
Liquefied flammable gases
Flammable solids
Corrosive liquids
Oxidizing material - gases
Oxidizing material - liquids
Oxidizing material - solids
Organic peroxides
Highly toxic material and poisonous j
90 gallons
160 gallons
270 gallons
360 gallons
360 gallons
750 gallons
9,000 cubic feet at
one atmosphere of
pressure at 70°F
180 gallons
1 ,500 pounds
165 gallons
18,000 cubic feet
150 gallons
1 ,500 pounds
30 pounds
Included in the
aggregate for
flammables as noted
above
Note a. 1 gallon - 0.00379 m ; 1 cubic foot = 0.028 m 3 ;
1 pound = 0.454 kg; degrees C = {(degrees F)-32}/1.8.
Table 416.5(2)
PERMITTED AMOUNTS OF HPM IN A
SINGLE FABRICATION AREA— DENSITY
BASIS a ' C
State
Units
Flam-
mable
Oxi-
dizer
Cor-
rosive
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Pounds per aquare foot
Gallons per square foot
Cubic feet per square foot
0.001
0.04 b
1 250
0.003
0.03
1250
0.003
0.08
3.000
Note a. HPM within piping shall not be included in the
calculated quantities.
Note b. The maximum permitted quantities of flammable
and combustible liquids shall not exceed the following
quantities:
Class (I-A) + (I-B) + (I - C) (combination
flammable liquids = .025
However Class I-A shall not exceed = .0025
Class II = 01
Class III-A = .02
Note c. Highly toxic materials and poisonous gases
shall be limited by the maximum quantities specified in
Table 416.5(1).
Note d. Ten pound per square foot = 4.882 kg/m 2 ; 1
gallon per square foot = 0.0407 m7m 2 ; 1 cubic foot per
square foot = 0.301 m 3 /m 2 .
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SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
416.6 Egress: There shall not be less than two
means of egress provided for any fabrication area or
any HPM facility subdivision thereof larger than 200
square feet (18.62 m 2 ). The maximum length of exit
access travel in HPM facilities shall be 100 feet
(30480 mm).
416.7 Separation: Fabrication areas shall be
separated from each other, from means of egress
corridors, and from other parts of the building by
not less than one-hour fire separation assemblies in
compliance with 780 CMR 709.0, with fire doors
complying with 780 CMR 716.0. Floors forming
part of the required separation shall be liquid tight.
416.8 Floors: Floors within fabrication areas shall
be of approved noncombustible construction.
Unprotected openings through floors of fabrication
areas are permitted where the interconnected levels
are used solely for mechanical equipment directly
related to such fabrication areas.
Mechanical, duct and piping penetrations within
a. fabrication area shall not extend through more
than two floors. Penetrations shall be effectively
frestopped in accordance with 780 CMR 720.6.4 at
the floor level. The fabrication area, including the
areas through which ductwork and piping extend,
shall be considered a single conditioned space or fire
area.
416.9 Ventilation, general: Ventilation systems
shall comply with the mechanical code listed in
Appendix A except as otherwise provided herein.
Ventilation, including recalculated air, shall be
provided throughout the fabrication area at the rate
of not less than lcfrn per square foot (5074
cm 3 /s/m 2 ) of floor area.
416.9.1 Interconnection: The exhaust system of
one fabrication area shall not connect to another
exhaust system outside that fabrication area
within the building. The return air system from
one fabrication area shall not connect to any
other system.
416.9.2 Smoke detectors: Smoke detectors shall
be installed in the recirculating air stream and
shall initiate a signal at the emergency control
station.
416.9.3 ShutofT switches: Automatic shutoffs are
not required to be installed on air-moving
equipment. A manually operated remote switch
to shut off the fabrication area supply or the
recirculation air system, or both, shall be provided
at an approved location outside the fabrication
area.
416.9.4 Gas detection: Where HPM gas is used
or dispensed and the physiological warning
properties for the gas are at a higher level than the
accepted permissible exposure limitation for the
gas, a continuous gas-monitoring system shall be
provided to detect the presence of a short-term
hazard condition. Where dispensing occurs and
flammable gases or vapors are liberated in
quantities exceeding 20% of the lower explosive
limitation, a continuous gas-monitoring system
shall be provided. The monitoring system shall
be connected to the emergency control station.
416.10 Transporting HPM: HPM shall be
transported to fabrication areas through enclosed
piping or tubing systems which comply with
780 CMR 416.15, through service passages, or in
means of egress corridors as permitted in the
exception to 780 CMR 416. 12.
416.11 Electrical: Electrical equipment and devices
within the fabrication area shall comply with
NFiPA 70 listed in Appendix A. The requirements
for hazardous locations are not required to be
applied where the average rate of air change is at
least four cfm per square foot (20300 cm 3 /s/m 2 ) of
floor area and where the rate of air change at any
location is not less than three cfm per square foot
(15200 cmVs/m 2 ).
416.12 Means of egress corridors: Means of egress
corridors shall comply with 780 CMR 1011.4 and
shall be separated from fabrication areas as
specified in 780 CMR 416.7. Means of egress
corridors shall not be used for transporting HPM
except as provided for in 780 CMR 416.12.1 and
416.15.2.
416.12.1 Existing facilities: In existing HPM
facilities, when there are alterations or
modifications to existing fabrication areas, the
transportation of HPM in means of egress
corridors shall be permitted provided that all of
the requirements of 780 CMR 416.12.1.1 and
416.12.1.2 are met.
416.12.1.1 Corridors: Corridors adjacent to
the fabrication area under alteration shall
comply with Table 602, item 4, for a length
determined as follows:
1. The length of the common wall of the
corridor and that fabrication area, and
2. For the distance along the corridor to
the point of entry of HPM mto the corridor
serving that fabrication area.
416.12.1.2 Openings: There shall not be
openings between the corridor and an HPM
storage cabinet in a fabrication area other than
those in compliance with all of the following.
1. one-hour fire doors are installed
between the corridor and the cabinet;
2. The cabinet is separated from the
corridor with a one-hour fireresistance rated
fire partition, and
3. Automatic sprinklers shall be provided
inside the cabinets
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
416.13 Service passages: Service passages shall be
considered as HPM facilities. Service passages shall
be separated from means of egress corridors as
required by 780 CMR 416.7.
416.13.1 Ventilation: Service passages shall be
ventilated as required by 780 CMR 416.9.
416.13.2 Egress: There shall not be less than two
means of egress from a service passage. Not
more than one-half of the required means of
egress shall be into the fabrication area. Doors
from service passages shall be self-closing and
swing in the direction of means of egress travel.
416.13.3 Travel distance: The maximum distance
of travel from any point in a service passage to an
exit or door into a fabrication area shall not
exceed 75 feet (22860 mm). Dead ends shall not
exceed four feet (1219 mm) in length.
416.13.4 Alarms: Alarms shall be provided for in
accordance with 780 CMR 416. 14.5.
416.14 Storage of HPM, general: Rooms used for
the storage of HPM in quantities greater than those
set forth in Tables 307.8(1) and 307.8(2), except for
those quantities permitted within a fabrication area,
shall comply with the provisions of NFiPA 30 listed
in Appendix A, provided that the area of an HPM
cutoff room shall not exceed 6,000 square feet (558
m 2 ). The storage area for any liquid HPM shall be
provided with drains.
416.14.1 Location within building: Where HPM
cutoff rooms are provided, such rooms shall not
be less than 30 feet (9144 mm) from lot lines.
416.14.2 HPM drainage systems: Drainage
systems shall be provided to direct liquid leakage
and fire protection water to a safe location away
from the building, important valves or adjoining
property. HPM flammable liquid drains shall be
separated from other HPM liquid drains Other
HPM liquids in drains that are not compatible
shall be separated from each other, provided that
the liquids are permitted to be combined when
such liquids have been rendered acceptable for
discharge by an approved means into the public
sewers.
416.14.3 Egress: There shall be two means of
egress from a separate inside HPM storage room
where the room exceeds 200 square feet (186 m 2 )
in area. Where two means of egress are required
from HPM cutoff rooms, one shall be directly to
the outside of the building. All storage room
means of egress doors shall be self-closing and
swing in the direction of means of egress travel
416.14.4 Ventilation: Exhaust ventilation shall be
provided for in accordance with 780 CMR 416.9
for all categories of HPM.
416.14.5 Emergency alarm: An emergency
telephone system or local fire protective signaling
system station shall be installed outside of each
interior egress door from HPM cutoff rooms. The
signal shall be relayed to the emergency control
station and a local signaling device provided.
416.14.6 Electrical: HPM cutoff rooms
containing flammable liquids or gases shall be
classified as Class I, Division 1, hazardous
locations in accordance with NFiPA 70 listed in
Appendix A.
416.14.7 Gas detection: Gas detection shall be
provided for in accordance with 780 CMR
416.9.4.
416.15 Piping and tubing: HPM piping and tubing
shall comply with 780 CMR 416.15 and shall be
installed in accordance with ASME B31.3 listed in
Appendix A.
416.15.1 General; Piping and tubing systems
shall be metallic unless the material being
transported is incompatible with such system.
Systems supplying gaseous HPM, having a health
hazard of '3 or 4 as ranked by NFiPA 704 listed in
Appendix A, shall be welded throughout, except
for connections, valves and fittings which are
within an exhausted enclosure. HPM supply
piping or tubing in service passages shall be
exposed to view.
416.15.2 Installation in egress corridors or
above other use groups: HPM shall not be
located within means of egress corridors or above
areas not containing HPM facilities except as
permitted by 780 CMR 416.15. HPM piping and
tubing shall be permitted within the space defined
by the walls of means of egress corridors and the
floor or roof above, or in concealed spaces above
other use groups under the following conditions:
1. Automatic sprinklers shall be installed
within the space unless the space is less than 6
inches (152 mm) in least dimension.
2. Ventilation at not less than six air changes
per hour shall be provided. The space shall not
be used to convey air from any other area.
3. All HPM supply piping and tubing and
HPM non-metallic waste lines shall be
separated from the means of egress corridor
and from any use group other than an HPM use
facility by afire separation assembly having a
fireresi stance rating of not less than one hour.
Where gypsum wallboard is used, joints on the
piping side of the enclosure are not required to
be taped, provided that the joints occur over
framing members.
4. Where piping or tubing is used to transport
HPM liquids, a receptor shall be installed
below such piping or tubing. The receptor
shall be designed to collect and drain any
discharge or leakage to an approved location.
The one-hour enclosure required by 780 CMR
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416.15.2, item 3 shall not be used as part of the
receptor.
5. Manual or automatic remotely activated
fail-safe emergency shutoff valves, with ready
access thereto, shall be installed on piping and
tubing, other than waste lines, at branch
connections into the fabrication area, and at
entries into means of egress corridors.
6. Where HPM supply gas is carried in
pressurized piping, a fail-safe system for
excess flow control shall shut off flow due to a
rupture in the piping.
7 Electrical wiring and equipment located in
the piping space shall be approved for Class I,
Division 2, hazardous locations in accordance
with NFiPA 70 listed in Appendix A
8. Gas detection shall be as provided for in
780 CMR 416.9.4
Exception: Conditions 1 through 8 shall not
apply to transverse crossings of the
corridors by supply piping that is coaxially
enclosed within a ferrous pipe or tube for
the width of the corridor. An enclosing
pipe or tube open to an HPM use facility is
permitted.
416.15.3 Identification: Piping, tubing and HPM
waste lines shall be identified in accordance with
ASME A13. 1 listed in Appendix A.
780 CMR 417.0 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(See also 780 CMR 426.0 for the design and
constriction of Bulk Merchandising Retail
Buildings.)
417.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR 417.0
shall apply to all buildings and structures occupied
for the manufacturing, processing, dispensing, use or
storage of hazardous materials All buildings and
structures with an occupancy in Use Group H shall
also comply with the applicable provisions of
780 CMR 418.0 and the fire prevention code listed
in Appendix A.
Note: The safe design of hazardous material
occupancies is material dependent. Individual
material requirements are also found in 780 CMR
307.0 and 418.0, and in the mechanical and fire
prevention codes listed in Appendix A. Since the
fire department is responsible for inspection of
these occupancies for proper utilization and
handling of hazardous materials, the
administrative authority shall cooperate with the
fire department in the discharge of the
responsibility to enforce 780 CMR 417.0
417.2 Control areas/exempt amounts: Control
areas shall be those spaces within a building where
quantities of hazardous materials not exceeding the
allowable exempt amounts are stored, dispensed,
utilized or handled. Control areas shall be separated
from all adjacent interior spaces by fire separation
assemblies in accordance with 780 CMR 709.0. The
number of permitted control areas and degree of fire
separation shall be in accordance with Table 417.2.
The floor construction and supporting structure for
all floors within the control area shall require a
minimum two-hour fireresistance rating.
Table 417.2
PERMITTED CONTROL AREAS
a, b
Floor level
Percent of
allowable
exempt
quantities per
control area
Control areas
per floor
Vertical fire
separation
walls (hours)
1
2
4
5
6
7-9
Higher than 9
100
75
50
12.5
12.5
12.5
5
5
4
3
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
■■ 2
2
2
2
Note a. The number of floor levels below grade shall
not exceed two. The first floor level before grade shall be
limited to 75% of the maximum allowable exempt
quantity per control area with a maximum of three
control areas. The second floor level below grade shall
be limited to 50% of the maximum allowable exempt
quantity per control area with a maximum of two control
areas.
Note b. In mercantile occupancies, a maximum of two
control areas per floor shall be permitted m retail sales
rooms.
417.2.1 Hazardous material in mercantile
display areas: Except as modified by 780 CMR
426, the aggregate quantity of nonflammable solid
and nonflammable or noncombustible liquid
hazardous materials permitted within a single
control area of a retail sales occupancy is
permitted to exceed the exempt amounts specified
in Tables 307.8(1) and 307.8(2) without
classifying the building as a high-hazard use
group, provided that the materials are stored in
accordance with the fire prevention code listed in
Appendix A.
417.3 Equipment rooms: Heating and ventilating
equipment in occupancies involving fire hazards
from flammable vapors, dusts, combustible fibers or
other highly combustible substances shall be
installed and protected against fire and explosion
hazards in accordance with the mechanical code and
the fire prevention code listed in Appendix A.
417.4 Hazardous material systems: Systems
involving hazardous materials shall be suitable for
the intended application and shall be designed by
persons competent in such design. Controls shall be
designed to prevent materials from entering or
leaving process or reaction systems at other than the
intended time, rate or path. Automatic controls,
where provided, shall be designed to be fail safe.
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
417.5 Inside storage, dispensing and utilization:
The inside storage, dispensing and utilization of
hazardous materials in excess of the allowable
exempt amounts of Tables 307.8(1) and 307.8(2)
shall be in accordance with 780 CMR 417.5.1
through 417.5.5 and the fire prevention code listed
in Appendix A.
417.5.1 Explosion control: Every structure, room
or space occupied for purposes involving
explosion hazards shall be provided with
explosion venting, explosion suppression systems,
barricades or equivalent explosion protective
devices in accordance with 780 CMR 417.0 and
NFiPA 495 listed in Appendix A where required
by 780 CMR 418.0 and the fire prevention code
listed in Appendix A.
Exception: Explosion venting shall not be
utilized as a means to protect buildings from
detonation hazards.
417.5.1.1 Explosion venting: Areas which are
provided with explosion venting to relieve
deflagration shall comply with the following:
1. Walls, ceilings and roofs exposing
surrounding areas shall be designed to resist
a minimum internal pressure of 100 pounds
per square foot (psf).
2. Explosion venting shall be permitted
only in exterior walls or roofs or through
specially designed shafts to the exterior of
the building.
3. Venting shall be designed to prevent
serious structural damage and the
production of lethal projectiles.
4. The aggregate clear vent relief area shall
be governed by the pressure resistance of
the nonrelieving portions of the building.
5. Vents shall be designed to relieve at a
maximum internal pressure of 20 pounds
per square foot (psf) and shall consist of any
one or any combination of the following:
5.1. Walls of lightweight material.
5.2. Lightly fastened hatch covers.
5.3. Lightly fastened, outward-opening
swinging doors in exterior walls.
5.4. Lightly fastened walls or roofs.
6. Venting devices shall discharge directly
to the open air or to an unoccupied space
not less than 50 feet in width on the same
lot.
7. Relieving devices shall be so located
that the discharge shall not be less than ten
feet vertically and 20 feet horizontally from
window openings or exits in the same or
adjoining buildings or structures.
8. Discharge shall be in the direction of
least exposure and not into the interior of
the building.
417.5.1.2 Explosion suppression systems:
Explosion suppression systems shall be of an
approved type and installed in accordance with
the provisions of 780 CMR and NFiPA 69
listed in Appendix A
417.5.2 Monitor control equipment: Monitor
control equipment shall be provided where
required by the fire prevention code listed in
Appendix A.
417.5.3 Detection systems: All occupancies in
Use Group H shall be provided with an automatic
fire detection system in accordance with NFiPA
72 listed in Appendix A where required by the fire
prevention code listed in Appendix A. The
detection system shall be provided in the areas
where the high-hazard materials are utilized and
stored
417.5.4 Standby power: Where mechanical
ventilation, treatment systems, temperature
control, alarm, detection or other electrically
operated systems are required, such systems shall
be connected to an emergency electrical system in
accordance with 527 CMR 12.00 as listed in
Appendix A or a standby power system in
accordance with 527 CMR 12.00 as listed in
Appendix A. Such systems shall be independent
of the public supply
417.5.5 Spill control, drainage and
containment: Rooms, buildings or areas occupied
for the storage of solid and liquid hazardous
materials shall be provided with a means to
control spillage and to contain or drain off
spillage and fire protection water discharged in
the storage area where required in 780 CMR
418.0 and the fire prevention code listed in
Appendix A .
417.6 Outside storage, dispensing and utilization:
The outside storage, dispensing and utilization of
hazardous materials in excess of the exempt
amounts shall be in accordance with 780 CMR
417.6.1 through 417.6.6 and the fire prevention code
listed in Appendix A
417.6.1 Location: In addition to the general
requirements of 780 CMR 417.6.2 through
417.6.5. the outside storage of hazardous
materials as listed in 780 CMR 307.0 shall be
separated from buildings and lot lines and into
individual areas as specified in the fire prevention
code listed in Appendix A.
417.6.2 Protection from vehicles: Guard posts or
other means shall be provided to protect outside
storage tanks from vehicular damage.
417.6.3 Fire lanes and water supply: Fire lanes
and approved water supplies shall be provided for
outside storage areas as required by the code
official.
'! . Fire lanes. Fire lanes shall be provided to
within 150 feet (45720 mm) of all portions of
an outside storage area. Such fire lanes shall
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SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
comply with the provisions of the fire
prevention code listed in Appendix A
2. Water supply. An approved water supply
shall be provided. Fire hydrants capable of
supplying the required fire flow shall be
provided to within 150 feet (45720 mm) of an
outside storage area. The Mater supply and fire
hydrants shall comply with the provisions of
NFiPA 24 and the fire prevention code listed in
Appendix A
417.6.4 Weather protection: Where weather
protection is provided for sheltering outside
hazardous material storage areas, such storage
shall not be considered inside storage provided
that all of the following conditions are met:
1. Structure supports and walls shall not
obstruct more than one side of the perimeter of
the storage area.
2. The distance from the structure and the
structure supports to buildings, lot lines, public
ways or means of egress to a public way shall
not be less than the distance required for an
outside hazardous material storage area
without weather protection.
3. The overhead structure shall be of
approved noncombustible construction with a
maximum area of 1,500 square feet (140 nr).
417.6.5 Security: Any site occupied for the
storage, utilization or handling of hazardous
materials shall be provided with a fence not less
than six feet (1829 mm) in height or otherwise
secured from public access.
417.6.6 Fire suppression system Areas occupied
for the dispensing or utilization of flammable
hazardous materials which are located within 50
feet of either a storage area or building, and
vehicle-loading racks where flammable hazardous
materials are dispensed, shall be equipped with an
approved automatic fire suppression system.
Exception: Motor vehicle service stations as
defined in NFiPA 30A listed in Appendix A
780 CMR 418.0 USE GROUPS HI, H-2, H-3
ANDH-4
418.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 418.0
shall apply to the storage and utilization of
hazardous materials in excess of the exempt
amounts listed in 780 CMR 307.8 All buildings and
structures with an occupancy in Use Group H shall
also comply with the applicable provisions of
780 CMR 417.0 and the fire prevention code listed
in Appendix A.
418.2 Use Group H-l: All occupancies in Use
Group H-l shall be constructed in accordance with
the provisions of 780 CMR 418.2.1 and 41 8.2.2 and
the fire prevention code listed in Appendix A
418.2.1 Construction Occupancies in Use Group
H-l shall not be located in buildings that are more
than one story in height, have basements or other
spaces below grade, or which are attached to other
buildings. The minimum fire separation distance
for all exterior walls of occupancies in Use Group
H-l shall be in accordance with the fire
prevention code listed in Appendix A All floor
surfaces shall be spark resistant.
418.2.2 Number of exits There shall not be less
than two exits from any area or space wherein Use
Group H-l materials are utilized or stored .All
required exits shall discharge directly to the
exterior of the building or structure
418.3 Use Group H-2: Occupancies in Use Group
H-2 shall be constructed in accordance with
780 CMR 418.3.1 through 418.3.4 and the fire
prevention code listed in Appendix A
418.3.1 Combustible dusts, grain processing
and storage The provisions of 780 CMR
418.3.1.1 through 418,3.1 6 shall apply to all
buildings in which materials that produce
combustible dusts are stored or handled
Buildings which store or handle combustible dusts
shall comply with the applicable provisions of
NFiPA 61A 61B. 61C. 61D. 65. 120. 651. 654.
655. 664 and 8503 and the fire prevention code
listed in Appendix A
418.3.1.1 Type of construction and height
exceptions .All buildings shall be of Type :.
Type 2 or Type 4 construction, within the
height and area limitations of Tabie 503 for
Use Group H-2; except that where erected of
Type 1 or Type 2 construction, the heights and
areas of grain elevators and similar structures
shall be unlimited, and where of Type 4
construction, the maximum height shall be 65
feet (19812 mm) and except further that, in
isolated areas, the maximum height of Type 4
structures shall be increased to 85 feet (25908
mm).
418.3.1.2 Grinding rooms Every room or
space occupied for grinding or other operations
that produce combustible dusts shall be
enclosed with floors and walls that have not
less than a two-hour fireresistance rating where
the area is not more than 3,000 square feet (279
m 2 ), and not less than a four hour fireresistance
rating where the area is greater than 3.000
square feet (279 nr).
418.3.1.3 Conveyors: All conveyors, chutes,
piping and similar equipment passing through
the enclosures of rooms or spaces shall be
constructed dirt tight and vapor tight, and be of
approved noncombustible materials complying
with 780 CMR 3010.0.
418.3.1.4 Explosion relief: Means for
explosion relief shall be provided as specified
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
in 780 CMR 417.5.1, or spaces shall be
equipped with the equivalent mechanical
ventilation complying with the mechanical
code listed in Appendix A
418.3.1.5 Grain elevators: Grain elevators,
malt houses and buildings for similar
occupancies shall not be located within 30 feet
(9144 mm) of interior lot lines or structures on
the same lot, except where erected along a
railroad right-of-way.
418.3.1.6 Coal pockets: Coal pockets located
less than 30 feet (9144 mm) from interior lot
lines or from structures on the same lot shall be
constructed of not less than Type 2A
construction. Where more than 30 feet (9144
mm) from interior lot lines, or where erected
along a railroad right-of-way, the minimum
type of construction of such structures not
more than 65 feet (19812 mm) in height shall
be Type 4.
418.3.2 Flammable and combustible liquids
The storage, handling processing and transporting
of flammable and combustible liquids shall be in
accordance with the mechanical code and the fire
prevention code listed in Appendix A. Where a
Class L II or UlAflammable or combustible liquid
is stored in tanks inside the building, the
installation shall conform to 780 CMR 418.3.2.1
through 418.3.2.10 and NFiPA 30 listed in
Appendix A The requirements shall only apply
where tanks have an individual storage capacity
that exceeds the exempt amounts specified in
Tables 307.8(1) and 307.8(2) The fire area
containing the tank(s) shall be classified as Use
Group H-2.
418.3.2.1 Mixed use groups: Where the
storage tank area is located in a building of two
or more use groups, the Use Group H-2 fire
area shall be completely separated from
adjacent fire areas in accordance with the
requirements of 780 CMR 3 13. 1.2.
418.3.2.1.1 Height exception: Where
storage tanks are located within only a
single story, the height limitation of
780 CMR 503.3 shall not apply for the Use
Group H-2 fire area.
418.3.2.2 Tank protection: All storage tanks
shall be noncombustible and protected from
physical damage. Pi. fire separation assembly
around the storage tank(s) shall be permitted to
be classified as the method of protection from
physical damage.
418.3.2.3 Tanks for Class I flammable
liquid: All storage tanks for Class I flammable
liquids shall be double-wall tanks. A double-
wall tank shall consist of an approved tank
conforming to the requirements of the
mechanical code listed in Appendix A,
installed within a completely enclosed
noncombustible containment structure The
containment structure shall prevent the stored
liquid from escaping into the room or area in
which the tank is located. A leak detection
alarm shall be provided to identify a leak of the
primary wall of the tank. The alarm shall
conform to 780 CMR 418.3.2.6.
418.3.2.4 Suppression: The Use Group H-2
fire area shall be equipped throughout with an
approved automatic fire sprinkler system,
installed in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1,
or with a foam-extinguishing system. The
automatic fire suppression system shall be
supervised by method 1, 2 or 3 of 780 CMR
923.1.
418.3.2.5 Leakage containment A liquid-
tight containment area compatible with the
stored liquid shall be provided to retain 1 10%
of the entire capacity of all the storage liquid in
the event of a leak in a tank plus the capacity
of the automatic fire suppression system
activated for a period of 30 minutes. The
storage tanks and the leakage containment area
shall be provided with an approved method to
drain manually the flammable or combustible
liquid.
Exception: Rooms where only double-wall
storage tanks conforming to 780 CMR
418.3.2.3 are used to store Class I. II and
1TTA Aflammable and combustible liquids
shall not be required to have a leakage
containment area.
418.3.2.6 Leakage alarm: An approved
automatic alarm shall be provided to indicate a
leak in a storage tank and room. The alarm
shall sound an audible signal. 1 5 dBa above the
ambient sound level, at every point of entry
into the room in which the leaking storage tank
is located. An approved sign shall be posted
on every entry door to the tank storage room
indicating the potential hazard of the interior
room environment, or the sign shall state,
"Warning, when alarm sounds. the
environment within the room may be
hazardous." The leakage alarm shall also be
supervised in accordance with 780 CMR 923.2
to transmit a trouble signal
418.3.2.7 Tank vent: Storage tank vents shall
terminate to the outdoor air The vent
termination shall be in an approved location a
minimum of 12 feet (3658 mm) above adjacent
ground level and ten feet (3048 mm) from a lot
line, ventilation intake opening, openable
window or door.
418.3.2.8 Room ventilation: Storage tank
areas storing Class I liquids, or Class II or IIIA
liquids at temperatures above flash point, shall
be ventilated at a rate sufficient to maintain the
concentration of vapors within the area at or
below 25% of the lower explosive limit.
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
Ventilation requirements shall be determined
by either calculations based on anticipated
fugitive emissions or by sampling of the actual
vapor concentration levels under normal
operating conditions. The sampling shall be
conducted at a five-foot radius from each
potential vapor source in the storage area.
Provision shall be made for make-up air to
avoid short-circuiting the ventilation.
418.3.2.9 Explosion venting: Where Class I
liquids are being stored, explosion venting
shall be provided in accordance with 780 CMR
417.5
418.3.2.10 Tank openings other than vents:
Tank openings other than vents from tanks
inside buildings shall bedesigned to ensure that
liquids or vapor concentrations are not released
inside the building and shall conform to
780 CMR 418.3.2. 10.1 through 418.3.2.10.5.
418.3.2.10.1 Liquid tight: All tank
openings at the maximum liquid level or
below shall be liquid tight.
418.3.2.10.2 Closed: All tank openings
above the maximum liquid level shall be
normally closed.
418.3.2.10.3 External valve: Each
connection through which liquid is capable
of gravity flow from a tank inside a building
shall be provided with an external valve
located as close as practical to, but not more
than two feet from, the shell of the tank.
418.3.2.10.4 Valves on transfer
connections: Tanks storing Class I or Class
II liquids shall be provided with either a
normally closed, remotely activated valve or
an automatic-closing, heat-activated valve
or other approved device on each liquid
transfer connection below the liquid level,
except for connections utilized for
emergency disposal.
418.3.2.10.5 Overflow protection: Tanks
shall be equipped with a device, or other
means provided, to prevent overflow into
the building.
418.3.3 Liquefied petroleum gas distribution
facilities: The design and construction of propane,
butane, propylene, butylene and other liquefied
petroleum gas distribution facilities shall conform
to the applicable provisions of 780 CMR
418.3.3.1 through 418.3.3.5.2. The storage and
handling of liquefied petroleum gas systems shall
conform to the fire prevention code listed in
Appendix A. The design and installation of
piping, equipment and systems which utilize
liquefied petroleum gas shall be in accordance
with the mechanical code listed in Appendix A
Liquefied petroleum gas distribution facilities
shall be ventilated in accordance with the
mechanical code listed in Appendix A and
780 CMR 418.3.3.1.
418.3.3.1 Air movement: Liquefied petroleum
gas distribution facilities shall be provided
with air inlets and outlets arranged so that air
movement across the floor of the facility will
be uniform. The total area of both inlet and
outlet openings shall be at least one square inch
(0.00065 m 2 ) for each one square foot (0.093
m 2 ) of floor area. The bottom of such openings
shall not be more than six inches (152 mm)
above the floor.
418.3.3.2 Construction: Liquefied petroleum
gas distribution facilities shall be constructed
in accordance with 780 CMR 418.3.3.3 for
separate buildings, 780 CMR 418.3.3.4 for
attached buildings or 780 CMR 418.3.3.5 for
rooms within buildings.
418.3.3.3 Separate buildings: Where located
in separate buildings, liquefied petroleum gas
distribution facilities shall be occupied
exclusively for that purpose or for other
purposes having similar hazards. Such
buildings shall be limited to one story in height
and shall conform to 780 CMR 418.3.3.3.1 and
418.3.3.3.2.
418.3.3.3.1 Floors: The floor shall not be
located below ground level and any spaces
beneath the floor shall be solidly filled or
shall be left unenclosed.
418.3.3.3.2 Materials: Walls, floors,
ceilings, columns and roofs shall be
constructed of noncombustible materials.
Exterior walls, ceilings and roofs shall be
constructed of material designed for
explosion venting or, if of heavy
construction such as solid brick masonry,
concrete block or reinforced concrete,
explosion-venting windows or panels in
walls or roofs shall be provided having an
explosion-venting area of at least one square
foot (0.093 m) for each 50 cubic feet
(1.40 m) of enclosed volume.
418.3.3.4 Attached buildings: Where liquefied
petroleum gas distribution facilities are located
in an attached structure, the attached perimeter
shall not exceed 50% of the perimeter of the
space enclosed and the facility shall comply
with 780 CMR 418.3.3.3 and 418.3.3.4.1.
Where the attached perimeter exceeds 50%,
such facilities shall comply with 780 CMR
418.3.3.5.
418.3.3.4.1 Fire separation assemblies:
Separation of the attached structures shall be
provided by fire separation assemblies
having a fireresistance rating of not less
than one hour and shall not have openings
Fire separation assemblies between
attached structures occupied only for the
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780 CMR STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
storage of LP-gas are permitted to have fire
doors that comply with 780 CMR 716.0.
Such fire separation assemblies shall be
designed to withstand a static pressure of at
least 100 pounds per square foot (psf) (488.2
kg/nr), except where the building to which
the structure is attached is occupied by
operations or processes having a similar
hazard.
418.3.3.5 Rooms within buildings: Where
liquefied petroleum gas distribution facilities
are located in rooms within buildings, such
rooms shall be located in the first story and
shall have at least one exterior wall with
sufficient exposed area to permit explosion
venting as provided for in 780 CMR
418.3.3.5. 1. The building in which the room is
located shall not have a basement or
unventilated crawl space and the room shall
comply with 780 CMR 418.3.3 5.1 and
418.3.3.5.2.
418.3.3.5.1 Materials: Walls, floors,
ceilings and roofs of such rooms shall be
constructed of approved noncombustible
materials. Exterior walls and ceilings shall
be either of lightweight materials designed
for explosion venting or, if of heavy
construction such as solid brick masonry,
concrete block or reinforced concrete,
explosion-venting windows or panels in
walls or roofs shall be provided having an
explosion-venting area of at least one square
foot (0.093 m 2 ) for each 50 cubic feet (1.40
m 3 ) of enclosed volume.
418.3.3.5.2 Common construction: Walls
and floor/ceiling assemblies common to the
room and to the building within which the
room is located shall have a fireresistance
rating of not less than one hour and without
openings. Common walls for rooms
occupied only for storage of LP-gas are
permitted to have openings which shall be
equipped with 3 /4-hour approved opening
protectives complying with 780 CMR 716.0
or 718.0. Such walls and ceiling shall be
designed to withstand a static pressure of at
least 100 psf (488.2 kg/m). Where
approved. 780 CMR 418.3.3.5.2 shall not
apply where the building, within which the
room is located, is occupied by operations
or processes having a similar hazard.
418.3.4 Dry cleaning plants: The construction
and installation of dry cleaning plants shall be in
accordance with the requirements of 780 CMR,
the mechanical code, the plumbing code and
NFiPA 32 listed in Appendix A
418.4 Use Group H-3: Occupancies in Use Group
H-3 shall be constructed in accordance with the
applicable provisions of 780 CMR and the fire
prevention code listed in Appendix A
418.5 Use Group H-4: Occupancies in Use Group
H-4 shall be constructed in accordance with the
applicable provisions of 780 CMR and the fire
prevention code listed in Appendix A.
780 CMR 419.0 APPLICATION OF
FLAMMABLE FINISHES
419.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR 419
shall apply to the construction, installation and use
of buildings and structures, or parts thereof, for the
spraying of flammable paints, varnishes and lacquers
or other flammable materials or mixtures or
compounds used for painting, varnishing, staining or
similar purposes. All such construction and
equipment shall comply with NFiPA 33 and 34
listed in Appendix A.
419.2 Spray spaces: Ail spray spaces shall be
ventilated with an exhaust system to prevent the
accumulation of flammable mist or vapors in
accordance with the mechanical code listed in
Appendix A. Where such spaces are not separately
enclosed, noncombustible spray curtains shall be
provided to restrict the spread of flammable vapors.
419.2.1 Spray booths: All spray booths shall be
constructed of approved noncombustible materials
and equipped with mechanical ventilating systems
in accordance with the mechanical code listed in
Appendix A
419.2.2 Spray rooms: All spray rooms shall be
enclosed in fire separation assemblies with not
less than a one-hour fireresistance rating Floors
shall be waterproofed and drained in an approved
manner
419.2.3 Spray storage rooms Rooms used for
the storage of spraying materials essential to the
flammable finish operation shall comply with
NFiPA 30 and the fire prevention code listed in
Appendix A
419.3 Fire protection: An automatic fire
suppression system shall be provided in all spray,
dip and immersing spaces and storage rooms, and
shall be installed in accordance with 780 CMR 9
780 CMR 420.0 MOBILE UNITS
420.1 For regulations pertaining to Mobile Units, see
780 CMR 35, and 780 CMR R3
780 CMR 421.0 SWIMMING POOLS
(Refer to M.G.L. c 140, § 206 for further
requirements pertaining to public or semi-public,
outdoor, inground swimming pool enclosures,
safety equipment, inspection, and penalties for
violations.)
780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
7S0 C.MR STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
421.1 General: Swimming and bathing pools shall
conform to the requirements of 7S0 CMR 421.0
provided that 780 CMR421.0 shall not be applicable
to any such pool less than 24 inches (610 mm) deep
or having a surface area less than 250 square feet
(23.25 rrr), except where such pools are permanently
equipped with a water-recirculating system or
involve structural materials. For the purposes of
7S0 CMR, pools are classified as private swimming
pools, public swimming pools or semi-public
swimming pooh, as defined in 7S0 CMR 421.2.
Materials and constructions used in swimming pools
shall comply with the applicable requirements of
7S0CMR.
421.2 Definitions: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 7S0 CM.R 421.0 and as
used elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings
shown herein.
Pools, swimming, hot tubs and spas
Above-ground/on-ground pool: See definition of
private swimming pool
Barrier: A fence, a wall, a building wall or a
combination thereof which completely surrounds
the swimming pool and obstructs access to the
swimming pool. (Refer to M.G.L c. 140, §206
for required enclosure of public or semi-public,
outdoor, inground swimming pools.)
Hot tub: See definition of private swimming
pool.
In-ground pool See definition of private
swimming pool.
Private swimming pool: Any structure that
contains water over 24 inches (610 mm) in depth
and which is used, or intended to be used, for
swimming or recreational bathing in connection
with an occupancy in Use Group R-3 or R-4 and
which is available only to the family and guests of
the householder This includes in-ground, above-
ground and on-ground Lwimming pools, hot tubs
and spas
Private swimming pool, indoor: Any private
swimming pool that is totally contained within a
private structure and surrounded on all four sides
by walls of said structure.
Private swimming pool, outdoor: Any private
swimming pool that is not an indoor pool.
Public outdoor, inground swimming pool Any
swimming pool which is used, or intended to be
used, for swimming or recreational bathing by
the general public Refer to M.G.L c 140, § 206
for requirements pertaining to public or semi-
public, outdoor, inground swimming pool
enclosures, safety equipment, inspection, and
penalties for violations.
Public swimming pool, outdoor: Any public
swimming pool that is not defined as an outdoor,
inground swimming pool.
Semi-public outdoor, inground swimming pool:
(as defined by M.G.L c. 140, § 206) any
swimming or wading pool on the premises of, or
used in connection with, a hotel, motel, trailer
court, apartment house, country club, youth
club, school, camp, or similar establishment
where the primary purpose of the establishment
is not the operation of the swimming facilities.
Semi-public outdoor, inground swimming pool
shall also mean a pool constructed and
maintained by groups for the purposes of
providing bathing facilities for members and
quests only. Refer to M.G.L c. 140, § 206 for
requirements pertaining to public or semi-public,
outdoor, inground swimming pool enclosures,
safety equipment, inspection, and penalties for
violations.
Semi-public swimming pool, outdoor: Any semi-
public swimming pool that is not defined as a
semi-public outdoor, inground swimming pool.
Spa: See definition of private swimming pool.
421.3 Permits and construction documents A
swimming pool or appurtenances thereto shall not be
constructed, installed, enlarged or altered until
construction documents have been submitted and a
permit has been obtained from the code official. The
approval of all city, county and state authorities
having jurisdiction over swimming pools shall be
obtained before applying to the code official for a
permit. Certified copies of these approvals shall be
filed as part of the supporting data for the permit
application.
421.3.1 Construction documents Construction
documents shall accurately show dimensions and
construction of the pool and appurtenances and
properly established distances to lot lines.
buildings, walks and fences, as well as details of
the water supply system, drainage and water
disposal svstems, and all appurtenances pertaining
to the swimming pool. Detailed construction
documents of structures, vertical elevations and
sections through the pool showing depth shall be
included
421.4 Locations: Private swimming pools shall not
encroach on any fror.t or side yard required by
780 CMR or by the governing zoning law, unless in
accordance with specific rules of the jurisdiction in
which the pool is located. A wall of a swimming
pool shall not be located less than six feet (1S29
mm) from any rear or side property line or ten feet
(3048 mm) from any street property line, unless in
accordance with specific rules of the jurisdiction in
which the poo! is located.
421.5 Structural design: The pool structure shall be
engineered and designed to withstand the expected
forces to which the pool will be subjected.
421.5.1 Wall slopes: To a depth up to two feet
nine inches (83 S mm) from the top, the wall slope
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
shall not be more than one unit horizontal in five
units vertical (1:5).
421.5.2 Floor slopes: The slope of the floor on
the shallow side of the transition point shall not
exceed one unit vertical to seven units horizontal
(1:7). For public pools greater than 1,200 square
feet (111.6 nr), the slope of the floor on the
shallow side of the transition point shall not
exceed one unit vertical to ten units horizontal
(1:10). The transition point between shallow and
deep water shall not be more than five feet (1524
mm) deep.
421.5.3 Surface cleaning: All swimming pools
shall be provided with a recirculating skimming
device or overflow gutters to remove scum and
foreign matter from the surface of the water.
Where skimmers are used for private pools, there
shall be at least one skimming device for each
1,000 square feet (93 m 2 ) of surface area or
fraction thereof. For public pools where water
skimmers are used, there shall be at least one
skimming device for each 600 square feet (55.8
nr) of surface area or fraction thereof Overflow
gutters shall not be less than three inches (76 mm)
deep and shall be pitched to a slope of one unit
vertical to 48 units horizontal (1:48) toward
drains, and constructed so that such gutters are
safe, cleanable and that matter entering the gutters
will not be washed out by a sudden surge of
entering water.
421.5.4 Walkways: All public and semi-public
swimming pools shall have walkways not less than
four feet (1219 mm) in width extending entirely
around the pool. Curbs or sidewalks around any
swimming pool shall have a slip-resistant surface for
a width of not less than one foot (305 mm) at the
edge of the pool, and shall be so arranged as to
prevent return of surface water to the pool.
421.5.5 Steps and ladders: At least one means of
egress shall be provided from private pools. All
public and semi-public pools shall provide
ladders to other means of egress at both sides of
the diving section and at least one means of egress
at the shallow section; or at least one means of
egress in the deep section and the shallow section
if diving boards are not provided. Treads of steps
and ladders shall have slip-resistant surfaces and
handrails on both sides, except that handrails are
not required where there are not more than four
steps or where the steps extend the full width of
the side or end of the pool. (Refer to 521 CMR
19.00, the Architectural Access Board's rules
and regulations, for requirements pertaining to
the accessibility of all public and semi-public
swimming pools.)
421.6 Watersupply: All swimming pools shall be
provided with a potable water supply, free of cross
connections with the pool or its equipment.
421.6.1 Water treatment: All public and semi-
public swimming pools shall be designed and
installed so that there is a pool water turnover at
least once every eight hours. Filters shall not
filter water at a rate in excess of three gallons per
minute per square foot (0.0020 nrVs nr) of surface
area. The treatment system shall be designed and
installed so that at all times when the pool is
occupied, the water is provided with excess
chlorine of not less than 0.4 parts per million
(ppm) or more than 0.6 ppm, or excess
chloramine between 0.7 and 1.0 ppm, or
disinfection shall be provided by other approved
means. Acidity/alkalinity of the pool water shall
not be below 7.0 or more than 7.5. All
recirculating systems shall be provided with an
approved hair and lint strainer installed in the
system ahead of the pump.
Private swimming pools shall be designed and
installed so that there is a pool water turnover at
least once every 18 hours. Filters shall not filter
water at a rate in excess of five gallons per minute
per square foot (0.0034 mVs nr) of surface area.
The pool owner shall be instructed in the care and
maintenance of the pool by the supplier or
builder, including treatment with high-test
calcium hypochlorite (dry chlorine), sodium
hypochlorite (liquid chlorine) or equally effective
germicide and algicide, and the importance of
proper pH (alkalinity and acidity) control.
421.6.2 Drainage systems: The swimming pool
and equipment shall be equipped to be emptied
completely of water and the discharged water
shall be disposed of in an approved manner that
will not create a nuisance to adjoining property.
421.7 Appurtenant structures: All appurtenant
structures, installations and equipment, such as
showers, dressing rooms, equipment houses or other
buildings and structures, including plumbing,
heating and air conditioning systems, shall comply
with all applicable requirements of 780 CMR
applicable zoning Imvs and requirements, 105 CMR
435.000: Minimum Standards for Swimming
Pools (State Sanitary Code: Chapter V), 248 CMR
2.00 : the State Plumbing Code, and 527 CMR
12. 00: the State Electrical Code
421.7.1 Accessories: All swimming pool
accessories shall be designed, constructed and
installed so as not to be a safety hazard.
Installations or structures for diving purposes
shall be properly anchored to insure stability.
421.8 Equipment installations: Pumps, filters and
other mechanical and electrical equipment for public
swimming pools shall be enclosed in such a manner
as to provide access only to authorized persons and
not to bathers. Construction and drainage shall be
arranged to avoid the entrance and accumulation of
water in the vicinity of electrical equipment.
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SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
421.9 Enclosures for outdoor, inground public and
semi-public swimming pools Outdoor, inground
public semi-public swimming poois shall be
provided with an enclosure in accordance with
M.G.L c. 140, §206.
421.9.1 Enclosure for public and semi- public
outdoor, inground swimming pools . Every public
and semi-public outdoor, inground shimming
pool shall be enclosed by a fence six feet in
height and firmly secured at ground level
provided that any board or stockade fence or
structure shall be at least five feet in height, but
if over five feet in height, the fence shall be
chain link. Such enclosure, including gates
therein, shall not be less than six feet above the
ground, and any gate shall be self-latching with
latches placed four feet above the ground or
otherwise made inaccessible from the outside to
children up to eight years of age. Such
enclosure shall be constructed of such material
and maintained so as not to permit any opening
in said enclosure, other than a gate, wider than
three inches at any point along the enclosure
Any such pool shall be equipped with at least
one life ring and rescue hook,
421.9.1.1 Enclosure for all other public and
semi-public swimming pools: The enclosure
shall extend not less than four feet (1219 mm)
above the ground All gates shall be self-
closing and self-latching with latches placed
at least four feet (1219 mm) above the
ground.
421.9.2 Construction of enclosure for all other
public and semi-public shimming pools
Enclosure fences shall be constructed so as to
prohibit the passage of a sphere larger than four
inches (102 mm) in diameter through any opening
or under the fence. Fences shall be designed to
withstand a horizontal concentrated load of 200
pounds (91 kg) applied on a one-square-foot
(0.093 m2) area at any point of the fence.
421.9.3 Alternative devices A natural barrier,
pool cover or other protective device approved by
the governing body shall be an acceptable
enclosure as long as the degree of protection
afforded by the substituted device or structure is
not less than the protection afforded by the
enclosure, gate and latch described herein.
421.10 Enclosures for private swimming pools,
spas and hot tubs In lieu of any zoning laws or
ordinances to the contrary, private swimming pools,
spas and hot tubs shall be enclosed in accordance
with 780 CMR 421.1 0.1 through 421.10.4 or by
other approved barriers.
421.10.1 Outdoor private swimming pool An
outdoor private swimming pool, including an in-
ground, aboveground or on-ground pool, hot tub
or spa shah be provided with a barrier which shall
comply with the following.
1. The top of the barrier shall be at least 48
inches (1219 mm) above finished ground level
measured on the side of the barrier which faces
away from the swimming pool. The maximum
vertical clearance between finished ground
level and the barrier shall be two inches (51
mm) measured on the side of the barrier which
faces away from the swimming pool. Where
the top of the pool structure is above finished
ground level, such as an above-ground pool,
the barrier shall be at finished ground level,
such as the pool structure, or shall be mounted
on top of the pool structure. Where the barrier
is mounted on top of the pool structure, the
maximum vertical clearance between the top of
the pool structure and the bottom of the barrier
shall be four inches (102 mm).
2. Openings in the barrier shall not allow
passage of a four-inch (102 mm) diameter
sphere.
3. Solid barriers shall not contain indentations
or protrusions except for normal construction
tolerances and tooled masonry joints.
4. Where the barrier is composed of
horizontal and vertical members and the
distance between the tops of the horizontal
members is less than 45 inches (1 143 mm), the
horizontal members shall be located on the
swimming pool side of the fence. Spacing
between vertical members shall not exceed PA
inches (44 mm) in width. Decorative cutouts
shall not exceed PA inches (44 mm) in width.
5. Where the barrier is composed of
horizontal and vertical members and the
distance between the tops of the horizontal
members is 45 inches (1143 mm) or more,
spacing between vertical members shall not
exceed four inches (102 mm). Decorative
cutouts shall ;:ot exceed PA inches (44 mm) in
width.
6. Maximum mesh size for chain link fences
shall be a l'/i-inch (32 mm) square unless the
fence is provided with slats fastened at the top
or the bottom which reduce the openings to not
more than BVinches (44 mm).
7 Where the barrier is composed of diagonal
members, such as a lattice fence, the maximum
opening formed by the diagonal members shall
be not more than PA inches (44 mm).
8. Access gates shall comply with the
requirements of 780 CMR 421 10.1 items 1
through 7, and shall be equipped to
accommodate a locking device. Pedestrian
access gates shall open outwards away from
the pool and shall be self-closing and have a
self-latching device. Gates other than
pedestrian access gates shall have a self-
latching device Where the release mechanism
of the self-latchinn device is iocated less than
Z7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
7S0 CMR - Sixth Edition
7S0 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
54 inches (1372 mm) from the bottom of the
gate: (a) the release mechanism shall be
located on the pool side of the gate at least
three inches (76 mm) below the top of the gate;
and (b) the gate and barrier shall not have an
opening greater than Vz inch (13 mm) within 1 S
inches (457 mm) of the release mechanism.
9. Where a wall of a dwelling serves as part of
the barrier, one of the following shall apply:
9.1. All doors with direct access to the pool
through that wall shall be equipped with an
alarm which produces an audible warning
when the door and its screen, if present, are
opened. The alarm shall sound
continuously for a minimum of 30 seconds
immediately after the door is opened. The
alarm shall have a minimum sound pressure
rating of S5 dBA at ten feet (304S mm) and
the sound of the alarm shall be distinctive
from other household sounds such as smoke
alarms, telephones and door bells. The
alarm shall automatically reset under all
conditions. The alarm shall be equipped
with manual means, such as touchpads or
switches, to deactivate temporarily the
alarm for a single opening from either
direction. Such deactivation shall last for
not more than 15 seconds. The deactivation
touchpads or switches shall be located at
least 54 inches (1372 mm) above the
threshold of the door.
9.2. The pool shall be equipped with an
approved power safety cover.
10. Where an above-ground pool structure is
used as a barrier or where the barrier is
mounted on top of the pool structure, and the
means of access is a fixed or removable ladder
or steps, the ladder or steps shall be surrounded
by a barrier which meets the requirements of
780 CMR 421.10.1 items 1 through 9. A
removable ladder shall not constitute an
acceptable alternative to enclosure
requirements.
421.10.2 Indoor private swimming pool: All
walls surrounding an indoor private swimming
pool shall comply with 780 CMR 421.10.1, item
9.
421.10.3 Prohibited locations: Barriers shall be
located so as to prohibit permanent structures,
equipment or similar objects from being used to
climb the barriers.
421.10.4 Exemptions: The following shall be
exempt from the provisions of 780 CMR 421 .0.
1. A spa or hot tub with an approved safety
cover.
2. Fixtures which are drained after each use.
421.1 1 Diving boards: Minimum water depths and
distances for diving hoppers for pools, based on
board height above water, shall comply with Table
42 1 . 1 1(1) for public pools and Table 42 1 . 1 1 (2) for
private pools.
The maximum slope permitted between point D ;
and the transition point shall not exceed one unit
vertical to three units horizontal (1:3) in private and
public pools. D, is the point directly under the end
of the diving boards. D 2 is the point at which the
floor begins to slope upwards to the transition point.
See Figure 421 . 1 1.
Figure 421.11
MINIMUM WATER DEPTHS AND
DISTANCES BASED ON BOARD HEIGHT
FOR ALL PUBLIC, SEMI PUBLIC AND
PRIVATE POOLS
-TYPICAL POSITION OF TIP
OF BOARD RELATIVE TO PT.
WATER LINE
PT. C PT. D
Table 421.1 1(1)
MINIMUM WATER DEPTHS AND
DISTANCES BASED ON BOARD
HEIGHT FOR ALL PUBLIC POOLS
Board height
Minimum depth at
D j directly under
end of board
Distance
between
D, andD 2
Minimum
depth at
D^
2'2" (% meter)
2'6" CA meter)
1 meter
3 meter
7'0"
7"6"
S'6"
1 1 1>"
S'0"
9'0"
10'0"
I0'0"
8'6"
9'0"
I0'0"
irrr
Note a. 1 foot = 3Q4:i mm.
Table 421.11(2)
MINIMUM WATER DEPTHS AND
DISTANCES BASED ON BOARD HEIGHT
FOR PRIVATE POOLS
Board height
Minimum
depth atD|
dircctlv under
end of board
Distance
between D [
andD 2
Minimum
depth a at D-,
l'8" ('/= meter)
6'0"
7'0"
7'6"
2'2" (% meter)
2'6" (Va meter)
6' 10"
7'5"
7'6"
S'0"
S'0"
8'0"
3'4" fl meter!
8'6"
0'0"
9'0"
Note a. 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
780 CMR 4210 EXISTING BUILDINGS
422.1 Existing Buildings: See 780 CMR 34.
422.2 Places of assembly
422.2.1 Change of use: An existing building or
structure or part thereof shall not be altered or
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SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
converted into a place of assembly unless it
complies with the provisions of 780 CMR 34
applicable to places of assembly.
780 CMR 423.0 GROUP RESIDENCE
423.1 Scope: Except as may otherwise be
specifically provided for in 780 CMR 423.0 , the
requirements of 780 CMR, in its entirety, and as
applicable, shall apply.
423. 1. 1 Department of Mental Retardation (DMR)
Group Homes: 780 CMR 423. shall not apply to
premises operated or licensed by the Department
of Mental Retardation (DMR) pursuant to
115 CMR 7.00 and 8.00, upon the completion of
a DMR safety assessment for each individual and
an approved safety plan for each location where
services and supports are provided Such
premises shall be treated as conventional R-4, R-
3, R-2 and R-l use as applicable.
423.2 Definition: A group residence is a premise
licensed by or operated by an agency of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts or subdivision
thereof as a special residence for those who are
capable of self-preservation in the following
categories:
1. not more than 12 unrelated persons between
the ages of seven and 15 years of age inclusive; or
2. not more than 25 unrelated persons, 16 years
of age or over; or
3. a combination of 780 CMR 423. 2 category 1
and 2 above consisting of not more than 18
unrelated persons over seven years of age
calculated at the rate of two such persons, or
portion thereof from Category 2 being equal to
one such person in Category 1 all in accordance
with Table 423.2.
Note: In determining the classification for
proposed use, group residence shall not be
construed as being similar in any way to a multi-
family dwelling, two-family dwelling, boarding
house, lodging house, dormitory, hotel, school or
institution of any kind. For building code
purposes, it shall be treated as a single-family
residential building.
Table 423.2
Group Residence - Maximum Capacity,
Combination of Categories
Category
Number
Number of Residents per Category
Category 1
12
11
10
9
8
-
6
5
4
3
2
1
Category 2
:
4
6
5
in
12
13
14
15
16
17
25
Maximum total
residents
12
IS
14
1?
16
17
18
IS
18
18
18
18
25
423.2.1 Special definitions: For the purpose of
780 CMR 423. 0, the following terms shall be defined
exclusively for use with group residences:
Self preservation: Having the capability, both
mentally and physically, to take action to preserve
one's own life. Specifically, to egress the building
within 2': minutes. (Reference inspection
procedures in 780 CMR 423.8 and 423.9.)
Egress: A continuous unobstructed path of travel
from any space in a building to the open air
outside at grade.
Principal means of egress: The primary choice of
two routes normally used by occupants to enter or
leave a building.
Escape route: To reduce the possibility of
entrapment in the event that the principal means
of egress is blocked by fire or smoke, an escape
route shall be available which performs in
accordance with 780 CMR 423.6 and 423.9. In
an existing building where a second means of
egress is physically impractical from above grade
floors, any proven, usable path to the open air
outside at grade shall be deemed acceptable,
including but not limited to connecting doors,
porches, windows within six feet of grade, ramps,
fire escapes, balcony evacuation systems, etc.
Authorized inspectors: The state or local building
official having jurisdiction and a representative of
the licensing or operating agency having
jurisdiction.
Room: See definition of "Habitable space" and
"Occupiable room" in 780 CMR 201.0.
423.3 Existing buildings: The requirements of
780 CMR 423.0, sltall also apply to existing
aw'elling units which are to be converted to a
group residence and alternative requirements set
forth m 780 CMR 34 that conflict with the
requirements of 780 CMR 423. shall not apply.
423.3.1 Height limitations: Existing buildings,
of Type 5B construction, greater than 2' '_-
stories, or 35 feet in height may be allowed to
be used (as an exception to Table 503) as a
group residence.
423.4 Plans and specifications: Plans shall be filed
with the building official having jurisdiction in
accordance with 780 CMR 110. for any building to
be constructed as, or altered for use as, a group
residence under 780 CMR 423. 0. The floor plans
shall show all rooms, spaces, closets, doors,
corridors, windows, stairs and stairways, hazardous
vertical openings and the location of all required
fire warning equipment and proposed fire
suppression equipment.
423.5 Hazardous contents: Any contents which
represent a fire hazard greater than that which
could be expected of ordinary household
fitmishings, shall not be allowed. Storage shall not
be allowed above the second floor.
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
423. 5. 1 Interior finish: Only Class I and Class II
interior finish materials shall be allowed in the
principal means of egress. In refinishing any
other area, material having a Class III flame
spread rating shall be allowed provided it does
not decrease the existing rating. The smoke
contribution rating of any material shall not
exceed 450 (see 780 CMR 704.0).
423.5.2 Exception: In existing buildings, the
required flame spread or smoke development
classification of interior surfaces may be obtained
by applying approved fire retardant paints or
solutions to existing interior surfaces having a
higher flame spread rating than permitted
423.6 Egress: In existing buildings there shall be
one means of egress and one escape route serving
each floor, remote as possible from each other and
leading to grade. The stairway between the first and
second floors, if unenclosed may remain unenclosed
to preserve functional and aesthetic requirements.
In new construction, two means of egress are
required in accordance with the One- and
Two-Family Dwelling Code, and stairways above
the grade floor shall be enclosed with one hour
fireresistive construction.
Exception:
1. Where the Group Residence is protected with
a fire suppression system according to NFiPA
1 3D or better as listed in Appendix A only one
means of egress shall be required from floors
above the grade floor in existing buildings and
new construction.
2. Where the Group Residence is protected with
a fire suppression system according to NFiPA
J3D or better as listed in Appendix A the
enclosure of stairways is not required
423. 7 Fire protection systems
423. 7.1 Hazardous vertical openings: Openings
to such spaces as laundry chutes, dumbwaiters,
heating plenums or combustible concealed spaces
shall be permanently blocked with one hour
construction, as regulated by the provisions of
780 CMR 7.
423.7.2 Automatic fire warning systems: An
approved automatic fire warning system shall be
provided in accordance with 780 CMR 9.
423. 8 Inspections: There shall be three mandatory
types of inspections as described below. The results
of such inspections shall be on file in the office of the
building official with copies sent to the licensing or
operating agency on a prepared checklist and signed
by the authorized inspectors.
423.8.1 Temporary certificate: The building
official shall perform plan review and
post-construction inspection to ensure that the
building conforms to 780 CMR He shall issue a
temporary certificate of occupancy effective for
90 days only.
423.8.2 Final certificate: Before issuance of the
final certificate of occupancy, the authorized
inspectors shall mutually conduct a test (see
780 CMR 423.9.1) to ensure that the occupants
are capable of self-preservation. Upon complete
satisfaction of all requirements, the building
official shall then issue a permanent certificate of
occupancy. This test shall be conducted once a
year in accordance with 780 CMR 106.5 for
purposes of recertifying both the building and the
occupants.
423. 9 Inspection procedure: The building and the
occupants' capability of self-preservation constitute
a system of life safety which are unique for each
building and for each occupant in a group
residence. Therefore, a simple direct test is
specified herein to determine the capability of the
occupant and/or the suitability of the building as a
life safety system.
423.9.1 Direct test/fire drill: Afire drill shall be
conducted as the direct test required by 780 CMR
423.9. The building official may require that he
be present for the fire drill, or may accept an
affidavit signed by the residence manager citing
the names of the authorized inspectors present,
the names of the occupants who participated, the
name(s) of any occupants who failed to egress the
building within 2V2 minutes, the date, time and
place where said fire drill was held During the
conduct of the drill, all staff personnel of the
group residence shall isolate themselves from the
occupants. The authorized inspector(s), when
present, shall then cause to be blocked any one
point in an egress route where the choice of an
alternate route is possible, to simulate a
hazardous condition, and the internal alarm
system shall be activated for 2V2 minutes.
423.9.2 Evaluation: Any occupant who fails to
escape from the building and achieve egress
outside the building at ground level within the 2'h
minute period shall not be permitted to remain
living in the residence.
Note: The occupant or the building may be at
fault: therefore, the system has failed to
perform adequately to provide life safety and
is, consequently, unacceptable for that
occupant.
423.9.3 Other tests: Other tests are not necessary
and shall not be required by the building official.
It shall be the responsibility of the residence
manager of the group residence to provide
immediate suitable accommodations elsewhere
for any occupant deemed unacceptable by the
building official. Each occupant must be certified
at regular intervals but not less than every
quarter at the group residence by the licensing or
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
operating agency. The building official may
require an inspection at his discretion when he
feels that either the building or the occupant may
not conform.
423.10 Certificate of occupancy: Any certificate of
occupancy issued for a building intended to be used
as a group residence, as defined in 780 CMR 423.2,
shall become invalid if the premises have not been
licensed or authorized by an agency of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts within 90 days of
the date of issuance of the certificate of occupancy.
780 CMR 424. ODAY CARE CENTERS
424.1 General: Day care centers in new or existing
buildings shall be subject to the applicable
provisions of 780 CMR and the special requirements
of 780 CMR 424.0.
424.2 Definitions:
Day Care Center: Special occupancies in which
clients receive care, maintenance, and
supervision by other than relatives or legal
guardians for less than 24 hours per day. Such
day care centers include both child day care
centers and adult day care centers licensed by the
office for children or other state agencies or
otherwise functioning as a day care center.
Child Day Care Centers: Falling under the
requirements of 780 CMR 424 and being a
sub-set of day care centers, shall be those child
day care centers so defined in 780 CMR 202.
Smoke Stop Portion: For purposes of 780 CMR
424.0, a smoke stop portion shall satisfy the
requirements of 780 CMR 711. Ofor afire portion.
424.3 Use Group Classifications:
424.3.1 Less than two years and nine months in
age: Buildings and portions thereof licensed by
the Office for Children as child day care centers
for children two years and nine months in age or
younger shall be classified as 1-2 use group.
424.3.2 More than two years and nine months in
age: Buildings or portions thereof licensed by the
Office for Children as child day care centers for
children more than two years and nine months in
age shall be classified as E-use group.
424.3.3 Adult Day Care Centers: Buildings or
portions thereof licensed by agencies of the state
or otherwise operating as day care centers and
otherwise not classified 1-2 use or E-use shall be
classified as B-use.
Exception: In adult day care centers in which
clients and staff cannot evacuate the building
with or without assistance in three minutes,
such adult day care centers shall be classified
in the 1-2 category and subject to 1-2 use
provisions of 780 CMR 424.0.
424.4 General Provisions:
424.4.1 Means of Egress: Day Care Centers in
new and existing buildings or portions thereof
shall conform to the means of egress requirements
as set forth in 780 CMR 10 and 780 CMR 34 as
applicable and otherwise noted below in
780 CMR 424.0.
424.4.1.1 Exit Signs and Means of Egress
Lighting: Exit signs and means of egress
lighting shall conform to the requirements of
780 CMR 1023. and 1024. as applicable.
424.4.1.2 Roof Egress: Where the roof of-a
building is used as part of the day care center,
required means of egress from the roof shall
consist of two enclosed stairways: complying
as exits and providing two separate protected
ways of travel to exit discharges: or the
required means of egress from the roof shall
consist of one enclosed stairway complying as
an exit providing a protected way of travel to
an exit discharge and a protected stairway
from the roof leading to a corridor on the
floor directly below the roof and such corridor
shall lead to two remote and independent exits.
Stairways shall comply with the requirements
of 780 CMR 10 except as noted on 780 CMR
424.4.2.
424.4.1.2.1 Additional Roof Space
Requirements: Where a roof is used by a
day care center, there shall be a solid
smooth non-climbable fence or barrier a
minimum of seven feet high on all sides and
separating the day care center area from
any other uses. Fences shall be set back at
least three feet from the outside edge of the
exterior wall below. A waterproof telephone
or equivalent means of communication shall
be located on the roof for use in
emergencies and shall be openable without
keys, coins, or special knowledge.
424.4.1.3 Doors: All required means of egress
doors shall be at least 36 inches in width. All
other doors shall be at least 32 inches in width.
Exception: Where the occupant load as
calculated in accordance with 780 CMR
1008, requires door widths in excess of 36
inches; door widths shall conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 1017.3.
424.4.1.4 Handrails: Handrails shall conform
to the requirements of 780 CMR 1022.0 and
when the day care center clients include
children, in addition to an upper handrail, a
lower handrail shall be installed between 20 "
and 24" above the nosing of the stair tread.
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
424.4.1.5 Guards: Guards shall conform to
the requirements of 780 CMR 1021. 0.
424.4.1.6 Stairways: Stairways, whether
required means of egress interior or
exterior stairways or supplemental
stairways, shall comply with the
requirements of 780 CMR 1014.0 and
780 CMR 34. as applicable.
Exception: Existing stairways shall not
be required to satisfy the requirements of
780 CMR 1014.6 unless so required by
the Building Official in accordance with
780 CMR 3400.4 or 3400.5.
424.4.2 Mixed Use- New and Existing Buildings:
424.4.2.1 Mixed Use- New Construction: In
new construction mixed use buildings, day care
centers shall conform to the separation
requirements of 780 CMR 313. 0.
424.4.2.2 Mixed Use- Existing Buildings: In
mixed use existing buildings the day care
center walls shall conform to the separation
requirements of 780 CMR 313.0 except that the
floor - ceiling assemblies of the day care center
for the 780 CMR 313.1.2 separation option
shall, as a minimum, conform as follows:
(a) For day care centers located above any
usable space - the floor of the day care
center shall have a minimum of a one hour
fireresistance rating in buildings of Type
2C, 3B and 5 construction: and a minimum
of a two hour fireresistance rating in
buildings of type 1, 2A, 2B, 3A and 4
construction.
(b) For day care centers located below
usable space, the ceiling of the day care
center shall have at least a one hour
fireresistance rating or the floor above shall
be equipped with smoke detectors
interconnected to the day care center fire
warning system such that smoke detector
activation on the floor above will initiate
alarm in the day care center.
424.4.2.3 Mixed Day Care Use: When a day
care center contains children or adults of
mixed ages such that it would be classified in
both 1-2 and B or E and B use groups, the
provisions for the most restrictive use shall
apply unless the building or portion thereof
satisfies the requirements set forth in 780 CMR
313.0.
424.4.3 Elevator Doors: In buildings with
elevators, the day care center:
(1) shall not be exposed directly to the
elevator doors opening from the elevator shaft,
(2) at least one of the required means of
egress shall not be exposed to the elevator
openings.
Elevator door openings may be separated by two
hour fireresistance rated construction creating
elevator lobbies and where such lobbies exist, of
780 CMR 424.4.3(1) and (2) are deemed satisfied.
424. 4. 4 Fire Protective Signaling Systems: Fire
protective signaling systems shall be installed m
all day care centers and shall conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 91 7. 0.
Exception: Residential occupancies identified
in 780 CMR 424.4.5. Exception 1.
424.4.5 Automatic Fire Detection Systems: An
automatic fire detection system shall be designed
and installed in accordance with the requirements
of 780 CMR 918.0; 780 CMR 424.4.2.2(b);
780 CMR 424.4.5 and 780 CMR 424.5 as
applicable.
Exception 1: Residential occupancies that
incorporate day care center 1-2 or E- or B-Use
and otherwise comply with all applicable
requirements of 780 CMR 424. have a day care
occupancy not exceeding 24 clients and
otherwise do not have, nor are required to
have, fire protection systems complying with
780 CMR 917 and 780 CMR 918 shall be
permitted to utilize single and multiple station
smoke detectors in accordance with 780 CMR
919. In such instances the requirements of
780 CMR 923.2 shall not apply.
Exception 2: Single story buildings or portions
thereof with day care occupancies not
exceeding 24 clients and which otherwise
comply with all applicable requirements of
780 CMR 424, specifically and 780 C.MR
generally, shall be required to utilize fire
protection systems complying with 780 CMR
917 and 780 CMR 918, but the requirements of
780 CMR 923.2 shall not apply unless the
building fire protection systems are otherwise
required to conform to the requirements of
780 CMR 923.
(Note that if the basement or cellar of such
a building is used as a portion of the day
care center, this exception to 780 CMR
424.4.4 shall not apply).
424.4.5.1 Location of Detectors: Smoke
detectors shall be installed to ensure total
coverage of the day care center and also
located in front of the doors to the stairways
and in the corridor providing required means
of egress on all floors of the day care center,
and comply with the smoke detector
manufacturers listed requirements.
424.4.5.1.1 Zoning: Specific smoke
detector zoning shall be in accordance with
780 CMR 917.7.3 with smoke detectors
spacing no greater than 30 ' unless
otherwise allowed via manufacturer's
listing requirements.
424.4.5.2 Compatibility: Fire protection
signaling systems and/or automatic fire
detection systems that are interfaced shall
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
be listed for such mechanical and electrical
interfacing.
424.4. 6 Story Height Limitations: The allowed
basement and story locations of day care centers
in new and existing buildings shall be limited by
the provisions of 780 CMR 424.5, as applicable to
the use group classification of the day care
center, and Table 780 CMR 424.4.6.
Table 424.4.6
PERMITTED LOCATIONS AND REQUIRED
SPRINKLER PROTECTION FOR
DA Y CARE CENTERS
1-2 Child Care Occupancy Children Under Two Years Nine
Months of Age
Floor Level of
Child Day Care
Center
Building Construction Type
1A
IB
2A
2B
2C
3A
3B
4
5A
5B
Basement Cellar
F
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
1
P
1st Story
P
p
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
2nd Slon
PS
PS
ps-
S
NP
S
NP
S
SP
NP
3rd Slorv
PS
PS
ps
S
\P
S
NP
S
NP
NP
4th Story and
Higher
NT
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
XP
NP
NP
E Child Care Occupan
Months of Age
cy
Children
OverTM
o Years
Nine
Floor Level of
Child Day Care
Center
Building Construction Type
1A
IB
2A
2B
2C
3A
SB
4
5A
5B
Basement Cellar
P
P
F
P
P
F
P
F
F
P
1st Story
P
P
F
F
P
F
P
P
F
P
2nd Story
P
P
F
P
P
F
P
F
P
P
3rd Story
PS
PS
PS
S
NP
S
XP
s
XP
XP
4th Slon
PS
PS
PS
S
NP
S
XP
S
x:
XP
5th to 7th Story
PS
PS
IS
\P
NP
NP
NP
XP
NP
XP
8th Story and
Higher
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
B - Day Care Occupancy Adult (Elder) Day Care
B-Use day care
Facilities are not
limited in where
they may be
located in a
building
Exception (1):
Adullt day care centers falling under
the ■Exception " to 780 CMR 424.3.3
Exception (2):
Adult day care centers of mixed-care
use as described in 780 CMP. 424.4.2.3
Key to Table
P = Permitted
NP = Not Permitted
S = Sprinklers Required / See 780 CMR 424.5 for
Special Provisions
PS = Partial Sprinklers Required / See 780 CMR
424.5 for Special Provisions
424.4.7 Heating System: Any portable or
permanent heater in spaces occupied by clients
shall be separated from the occupied space by
partitions, guards, screens, or other means.
Space and unit heaters using combustible fuels
shall be prohibited (Also see 424.4.8)
424. 4. 8 Boiler Rooms: Boilers, furnaces or other
fire units shall be enclosed as required in the
BOCA National Mechanical Code listed in
Appendix A. Boiler room doors shall not open
into occupied areas.
424.4.9 High Hazard Restrictions: A day care
center shall not occupy the same building with, or
be located within 200 feet of a high hazard
occupancy.
424.4.10 Accessibility for Persons with
Disabilities: Accessibility requirements shall be
in accordance with 521 CMR as listed in
Appendix A.
424.5 Special Provisions:
424.4.5.1 Application: Special provisions for 1-2,
E and B use day care centers and relating to
allowed location, special egress and special
alarm requirements are found in 780 CMR 424.5
424.5.21-2 Use Allowed Basement/Cellar/Story
Locations: In new and existing buildings, day
care centers which are classified in the 1-2 use
group shall comply with one of the following
compliance options listed below. All required
means of egress for day care centers classified in
use group 1-2 shall lead directly to grade.
1. The location of the day care center shall
be limited to the first floor, cellar and/or
basement; or
2. In buildings of Type 2B, 3 A or 4
construction which are fully sprinklered and
comply with the special provisions of
780 CMR 424.5.4.4, the day care center shall
be located no higher than the third floor: or
3. In buildings of Types 1A, IB or 2A
construction and are either fully sprinklered,
or in which the day care center and all floors
below are sprinklered. the day care center
shall be located no higher than the third
floor.
Notes:
(1) Also see 780 CMR Table 424.4.6.
(2) See special egress requirements of
780 CMR 424.5.4.
424.5.3 E-Use Allowed Basement/Cellar/Story
Locations: In new and existing buildings, day
care centers which are classified in the E use
group shall comply with one of the following
compliance options listed below. All required
means of egress for day care centers classified in
use group E shall lead directly to grade
1. The location of the day care center shall
be limited to the second floor; first floor or
cellar and/or basement, or;
2. In buildings of Type 2B, 3A or 4
construction which are fully sprinklered and
comply with the special provisions of Section
780 CMR 424.5.4.4, the day care center shall
be located no higher than the fourth floor;
or;
3. In buildings of Types 1A, IB or 2A
construction which comply with the special
provisions of 780 CMR 424.5.4.4 and are
either fully sprinklered, or in which the day
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
care center and all floors below are
sprinklered, the day care center shall be
located no higher than the seventh floor.
Notes:
(1) Also see 780 CMR Table 424. 4. 6.
(2) See special egress requirements of
780 CMR 424.5.4.
424.5.4 B-Use Allowed Basement/Cellar/Story
Locations: In day care centers classified in the
B-Use category and where staff and clients in an
emergency can exit the building in no more than
three minutes, with or without assistance, there
is no restriction on locating of the day care
center within any basement/cellar or story.
Exception: In adult day care centers
classified as day care 1-2 use see 780 CMR
424.3.3.
424. 5.41-2 and E Use Egress Requirements For
Basement and Cellar Use:
424.5.4.1 Basement or Cellar Use: A
basement or cellar, as defined in 780 CMR 2,
of a building of Type 3B or SB construction
may be used for a day care center in
accordance with the following requirements:
1. There shall be two separate and
independent means of egress, remote from
each other and leading directly to grade,
or;
2. there shall be two separate and
independent means of egress, remote from
each other and leading to two one hour
fire-rated enclosed stairways not more than
four feet in height vertically which lead
directly to grade and are separated from
any other use as an egress by one hour
fire-rated partitions and self-closing doors,
or;
3. A combination ofl and 2.
424.5.4.2 Fire Protective Systems: Fire
protection systems shall comply with the
requirements of 780 CMR 424.4.4 and
424.4.5; additionally in basement or cellar
use, regardless of building construction type,
smoke detectors shall be located in the first
story above the basement or cellar location
and in any story below grade that may exist
below the basement or cellar day care
location. Such smoke detectors shall be
connected to the day care automatic fire
detection system.
424.5.4.3 Common Corridor Exit Access in
Buildings of Types 1, 2A and 2B
Construction: In buildings equipped with a
fire suppression system in conformance with
780 CMR 9, a common exit access corridor
shall be acceptable for providing access to two
means of egress required in 780 CMR
424.4.1, such common corridors used for
exitway access may be subdivided, to provide
separate and independent exitway access by
using smoke stop portions complying, as
applicable, with the provisions of 780 CMR
711. for fire partitions. Access through
interconnected rooms to either side of the
smoke stop partition, as provided in 780 CMR
424.4, shall be allowed as a method of
complying with 780 CMR 424.5.4.3. If the
doors in the smoke stop partitions are
normally open, such doors shall be equipped
with an automatic hold open device, actuated
by either the building fire protective signaling
system and/or the building automatic fire
detection system to close automatically.
424.5.4.4 1-2 and E use Day Care Centers
Located in Upper Stories of a Building: In
new and existing buildings containing 1-2 day
care occupancies where the day care center is
located above the first floor, and in new and
existing buildings containing E use day care
occupancies and where the day care center is
located above the third floor, the day care
center shall meet also the requirements of
780 CMR 424. 5. 4. 5 thru 780 CMR 424. 5. 4. 7.
424.5.4.5 Telephone communication: The
day care center shall have telephones located
in every occupied room of the day care center
and directly connected to the building fire
command center or to a constantly attended
station within the building, if such exists, or
otherwise such telephones shall utilize
standard phone service with such phones
having the capability of retaining, and upon
manual selection, automatically dialing the
emergency number of the fire department
having jurisdiction.
424.5.4.6 Alarm requirements: In addition to
the requirements of 780 CMR 424.4.4 and
424.4.5, on the floor of the day care center
and/or the floor below, the operation of any
water flow device, manual pull station, smoke
or heat detector will initiate a special
announcement for the day care center to
evacuate or proceed to a specific area. The
language of the announcement shall be
acceptable to the building official and head of
the fire department Smoke detectors shall be
installed on the ceiling of the floor below the
day care center. Manual pull stations shall be
required on the floor located below the care
center.
424.5.4.7 Areas of refuge: In new and
existing buildings containing E use care oc-
cupancies where the day care center is located
on the fourth through seventh floors, the day
care center shall have direct access to a sepa-
rate area which shall have a minimum of two
hour fireresistance rated construction separa-
ting it from the rest of the building. The area
shall adjoin an enclosed stairway with afire
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
resistance rating of at least two hours. The
area shall be sized at nine square feet per
person to accommodate the licensed client
capacity and staff of the day care center. This
provision shall apply to all centers located on
the sixth or seventh floors of a building and to
those centers on the fourth or fifth floors
whose licensed capacity exceeds 50 clients.
(Also see Table 424.4.6.)
780 CMR 425.0 SUMMER CAMPS FOR
CHILDREN
425.1 Definition: Summer camps for children
include premises, operated solely between April
and October of each year for recreational or other
purposes, and having residential facilities. The use
of such accommodations for purposes of
inspection, certification and inspection fees shall
be considered as being similar to a dormitory in
Use Group R-2 and subject to the following
provisions of 780 CMR 425.0
425.2 New and existing occupancies: 780 CMR
425.0 shall apply to existing and new summer
camps for children as defined in 780 CMR 425.1.
425.3 Means of egress: All one-story, one-room
buildings having 1,000 square feet or less and
having 25 occupants or less shall require only one
means of egress provided that:
1. the length of travel does not exceed 50 feet
from any point in the building to the outside at
grade; and,
2. the minimum width for aisles and corridors
shall be three feet
425.3.1 Emergency escape: Every sleeping room
shall have at least one exterior door or openable
window to permit emergency exit or rescue; the
windows shall conform to the following
restrictions:
1. must be openable from the inside without
the use of separate tools;
2. the sill height shall not be more than 36
inches above the finish floor and with a
maximum six foot drop from the window sill
to grade below the window; and
3. provide a minimum net clear opening area
5. 7 square feet The minimum net clear
opening height dimension shall be 24 inches,
The minimum net clear opening width
dimension shall be 20 inches.
425.4 Fire protection: Smoke detectors shall be
required for existing and new residential units in
accordance with 780 CMR 918.0 (919.0) of
780 CMR .
Exception: Tents and other temporary shelters
which are designed to sleep less than eight
persons and which have an open side consisting
of greater than 1/6 of the perimeter of the shelter
or which have built-in provisions for emergency
escape.
425.5 Mechanical: If camps are heated, then the
building must conform to all applicable code
sections and specialized codes, notwithstanding any
of the provisions in 780 CMR 425.0.
425. 6 Enforcement and inspections: Enforcement
shall be by the local building official who shall
inspect and certify the summer camps yearly, prior
to season opening. Fees charged shall be in
accordance with 780 CMR
780 CMR 426. BULK MERCHANDISING
RETAIL BUILDINGS
426.1 General: Bulk Merchandising Retail
Buildings have different fire and life safety risks
than traditional retail buildings. This difference
requires special attention to fire protection and life
safety. The purpose of 780 CMR 426.0 is to
provide standards to adequately deal with these
differences, and to reduce the risk of life loss,
injury, and excessive property damage from fire.
426.2 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 426.0
shall apply to buildings or structures defined
herein as Bulk Merchandising Retail Buildings or
portions thereof containing high piled combustible
storage as defined in 780 CMR 426.2.1. Unless
otherwise noted in 780 CMR 426.0, the
requirements for Bulk Merchandising Retail
Buildings shall be in accordance with the
requirements set forth for Use Group M,
Mercantile as defined in 780 CMR 309.0 or
780 CMR 41 7. (if applicable).
426.2.1 Definitions: Terms used in 780 CMR
426. shall have the following meanings:
Aerosol: A product that is dispensed from a metal
can, up to a maximum size of 33.8 fl oz (1000
ml) or a glass or plastic bottle, up to a maximum
size of four fl oz (118 ml) that is designed and
intended to dispense an aerosol by a propellant
Aerosols shall be classified by means of the
calculation of their chemical heats of
combustion and shall be designated Level 1,
Level 2, or Level 3 in accordance with Table
426.2.
Table 426.2
AEROSOL CLASSIFICATION
Chemical Heat of Combustion
0-8,600 BTU/lb (0-20 kJ/g)
8,600-13,000 BTU/lb (20-30 kJ/g)
13.000 or preater BTU/lb (30 or greater fcftfr)
Aerosol
Level
Group A Plastics: Products that utilize plastic, or
non plastic products that utilize significant
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plastic packaging materials, that have a high
BTU content; ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-
styrene copolymer), Acetal (poly formaldehyde),
Acrylic (polymethyl methacrylate), Butyl rubber,
EPDM (ethylene-propylene rubber), FRP
(fiberglass reinforced polyester), Natural rubber
(expanded), Nitrile rubber (acrylonitrile-
butadiene rubber), PET or PETE (polyethylene
terephthalate), Polybutadiene, Polycarbonate,
Polyester elastomer, Polyethylene,
Polypropylene, Polystyrene (expanded and
unexpanded), Polyurethane (expanded and
unexpanded), PVC (polyvinyl chloride greater
than 15% plasticized, e.g., coated fabric
unsupported film), SAN (styrene acrylonitrile),
SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber).
Bulk Merchandising Retail Buildings: A building
where sales areas contain high piled combustible
commodities, or high piled, high hazard
commodities as defined by 780 CMR 4 and
780 CMR 3.
Combustible Liquids: Any liquids having a
flashpoint at or above 100 °F (38 °C) shall be
known as Class II or III liquids. Combustible
liquids shall be divided into the following
classification:
Class II - Liquids with a flash point at or above
100 °F (37.8 "Q and below 140 °F (60 °C).
Class III-A - Liquids with a flash point at or
above 140 "F (60 °Q and below 200 °F (93.3 °C).
Class II1-B - Liquids with a flash point at or
above 200 "F (93.3 "Q.
Control Area: Is a building or portion of a building
within which the exempted amounts of
hazardous materials are allowed to be stored,
dispensed, used, or handled
Corrosive: A chemical that causes visible
destruction of, or irreversible alterations in
tissue by chemical action at the site of contact
A chemical is considered to be a corrosive if,
when tested on the intact skin of albino rabbits
by the method described in Appendix A ofCFR
49, Part 1 73, it destroys or changes irreversibly
the structure of the tissue at the site of contact
following an exposure period of four hours.
This term does not refer to action on inanimate
surfaces. [Source: Uniform Fire Code]
Flammable Liquids: Any liquids having a flash
point below 100 °F (38 °C), and having a vapor
pressure not exceeding 40 psia (276 kPa) at
100 "F (38 °C). Flammable liquids shall be
known as Class I liquids and shall be divided
into the following classification:
I-A Liquid - A liquid with a flash point below
73 °F (22.8 °Q and a boiling point below 100 °F
(37.8 °C).
I-B Liquid - A liquid with a flash point below
73 °F (22. 8 °C) and a boiling point at or above
100 "F (37.8 "Q.
I-C Liquid - A liquid with a flash point at or
above 73 °F (22. 8"Qand below 1 00 "F (3 7. 8 °C).
High Piled Combustible Commodity: Storage of
combustible materials in piles greater than 12
feet (3.658 m) in height or combustible materials
on pallets, in racks or on shelves where the top
of storage is greater than 12 feet (3.658 m) in
height
High Piled, High Hazard Commodity: Storage of
combustible materials such as rubber tires,
Group A plastics, flammable liquids, idle pallets
and commodities with similar heat release
characteristics where the top of storage is
greater than six feet (1.829 m) in height
Highly Toxic: Material which produces a lethal
dose or lethal concentration which falls within
any of the following categories.
1. A chemical or substance that has a median
lethal dose (LD50) of 50 milligrams or less per
kilograms of body weight when administered
orally to albino rats weighing between 200 and
300 grams each.
2. A chemical or substance that has a median
lethal dosage of more than 200 milligrams or
less per kilogram of body weight when
administered by continuous contact for 24
hours, or less if death occurs within 24 hours,
with bare skin of albino rabbits weighing
between two and three kilograms each.
3. A chemical or substance that has a median
lethal concentration (LC50) in air of 200 parts
per million by volume of gas or vapor, or two
milligrams per liter or less of mist, fume or dust,
when administered by continuous inhalation for
one hour, or less if death occurs within one
hour, to albino rats weighing between 200 and
300 grams each.
Mixtures of these materials with ordinary
materials, such as water, might not warrant
classification as highly toxic. While this system
is basically simple in application, any hazard
evaluation which is required for the precise
categorization of this type of material shall be
performed by experienced, technically competent
persons.
Oxidizer: A chemical other than a blasting agent
or explosive that initiates or promotes
combustion in other materials, thereby causing
fire either of itself or through the release of
oxygen or other gases.
Class 1: An oxidizer whose primary hazard is a
slight increase in the burning rate but which
does not cause spontaneous ignition when the
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oxidizer comes in contact -with combustible
materials.
Class 2: An oxidizer that will cause a moderate
increase in the burning rate or that is capable of
causing spontaneous ignition of combustible
materials with which the oxidizer comes in
contact
Class 3: An oxidizer that will cause a severe
increase in the burning rate of combustible
materials with which the oxidizer comes in
contact or that will undergo vigorous self-
sustained decomposition due to contamination
or exposure to heat
Class 4: An oxidizer that is capable of an
explosive reaction due to contamination or
exposure to thermal or physical shock.
Additionally, the oxidizer will enhance the
burning rate and is capable of causing
spontaneous ignition of combustibles. [Source:
BOCA]
Rack Storage: Combination of vertical, horizontal
and diagonal members that support stored
materials infixed or portable racks.
Shelf Storage: Storage on structures less than 30
in. (76.2 cm) deep with shelves usually two ft
(0.6 m) apart vertically and separated by
approximately 30 in. (76.2 cm) aisles.
Toxics: A material which produces a lethal dose or
lethal concentration within any of the following
categories:
1. A chemical or substance that has a median
lethal dose (LB 50) of more than 50 milligrams
per kilograms but not more than 500 milligrams
per kilograms of body weight when administered
orally to albino rats weighing between 200 and
300 grams each.
2. A chemical or substance that has a median
lethal dosage of more than 200 milligrams per
kilogram but not more than 1, 000 milligrams per
kilogram of body weight when administered by
continuous contact for 24 hours , or less if death
occurs within 24 hours, with bare skin of albino
rabbits weighing between 2 and 3 kilograms
each.
3. A chemical or substance that has a median
lethal concentration (LC50) in air more than
200 parts per million but not more than 2,000
parts per million by volume of gas or vapor, or
more than two milligrams per liter but not more
than 20 milligrams per liter of mist, fume or
dust, when administered by continuous
inhalation for one hour, or less if death occurs
within one hour, to albino rats weighing between
200 and 300 grams each.
Unstable (Reactive): A chemical which in the pure
state, or as produced or transported, will
vigorously polymerize, decompose, condense or
become self-reactive under conditions of shock,
pressure or temperature
Water Reactive Material: Material which explodes;
violently reacts; produces flammable, toxic or
other hazardous gases; or evolves enough heat
to cause self-ignition or ignition of nearby
combustibles upon exposure to water or
moisture.
4263 Commodity Classification: Commodities in
storage and display shall be classified in
accordance with the following NFPA Standards as
listed in Appendix A.
13: Installation of Sprinkler Systems
30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code
30B: Aerosol Products, Manufacture and
Storage
231: General Storage
23 1C: Rack Storage of Materials
231D: Storage of Rubber Tire
430: Storage of Liquid and Solid Oxidizers
426.4 Fire Protection Requirements: Fire
protection requirements shall be in accordance
with Table 426.4.
Table 426.4.
FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS
Commodity
Class
Size of High-
Piled Display
Area (sqft)
x 0.0929 form
Fire Protection Requirements
Fire Suppression
System
(780 CMR 426.5)
Fire
Alarm/Notification
(780 CMR 426.14)
Fire Department
Access Doors
(780 CMR 426.8)
Hose Connections
(780 CMR 426.7)
Manual Smoke
and Heat Vents
(780 CMR 426.16
0-2,500
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
I-IV
2,501 - 12,000
Yes
NR
NR
NR
NR
over 12,000
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
0-500
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
High
501 - 2.500
Yes
NR
NR
NR
NR
Hazard
2,501 - 12,000
Yes
NR
Yes
Yes
NR
over 12.000
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
NR = Not required.
1. For commodity classifications definitions, see 426.3.
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2. Areas that are separated by 60 ft of display area with such areas not used for high piled storage, or that are
separated with a one-hour ftreresistance-rated separation barrier, can be considered as separated high piled areas.
3. If the building is required to be sprinklered under 780 CMR, then the sprinkler system protecting the high piled
storage area and IS ft beyond shall be designed in accordance with the appropriate NFPA Standardly
426.5 Fire Suppression Systems: Fire sprinkler
design and installation shall be provided in
accordance with the applicable requirements set
forth by NFPA 13, 30, 30B, 231, 231C, 231D, 430,
as listed in Appendix A, or other nationally
recognized codes and standards, or tests conducted
in test laboratories as defined in 527 CMR 49.03,
Appendix C as listed in Appendix A
426. 6 Storage Arrangement: Storage arrangements
for fire protection purposes shall comply with
requirements set forth by NFPA 13, 30, 30B, 231,
231C, 231D, 430, as listed in Appendix A, or other
nationally recognized codes and standards, or tests
conducted in test laboratories as defined in 527
CMR 49. 03, Appendix C, as listed in Appendix A.
426. 7 Hose Connections: A Class I automatic,
wet-standpipe system shall be provided in
accordance with NFPA 14. Hose connections shall
be located around the interior perimeter of the
building within five ft of all required fire
department access doors, adjacent to the latch side
of the door. Hose connections shall be installed to
accommodate 200 ft of travel distance to any point
in the building. Where the most remote portion of
the building exceeds 200 ft of travel distance from
the required access doors, additional hose
connections shall be provided in locations
approved by the head of the fire department Hose
connections shall be readily accessible and marked
for fire department use only. When approved by
the head of the fire department, the following
exceptions shall be permitted.
Exception 1: Hose connections may be omitted
when the following fire department building
access and fire hydrant coverage is provided:
minimum 18 ft wide, unobstructed access
roadways located within 20 ft of the building on
at least three sides; minimum ten ft wide,
unobstructed access route between the access
roadway and the fire department access doors;
and, fire hydrants in locations approved by the
head of the fire department
Exception 2: In lieu of a Class I standpipe
system, a Class II automatic, wet-standpipe
system in accordance with NFPA 14 shall be
permitted when the following fire department
building access and fire hydrant coverage is
provided: minimum 18 ft wide, unobstructed
access roadways located within 50 ft of the
building on at least three sides; minimum ten ft
wide, unobstructed access route between the
access roadway and the fire department access
doors; and, fire hydrants in locations approved
by the head of the fire department The hose
connections shall be located as described above
for the Class I standpipe system. Occupant hose
shall not be required, and the hose connections
shall be marked for fire department use only.
426.8 Fire Department Access Door: Fire
department access doors shall be provided for fire
department emergency access. Access doors shall
be:
1. located adjacent to fire department access
roadways,
2. provided with an approved exterior fire
department accessible key cylinder operable lock
device,
3. provided with approved fire department
identification signs, and
4. provided such that all points of the floor
area are accessible within 200 feet of travel
distance
Fire department access doors may be used as
occupant egress doors.
426.9 Fire Department Access Roadways: Fire
department access roadways shall be provided on at
least two sides of the building with such access to
be approved by the head of the fire department
prior to any construction. Fire hydrants shall be
provided in locations approved by the head of the
fire department
426.10 Means of Egress: Means of egress shall be
in accordance with the requirements set forth in
780 CMR 10 for Use Group M, Mercantile unless
otherwise modified herein:
Exception: Exit access travel distance shall be
limited to 200 feet
If the only means of customer entrance is through
one exterior wall of the building, two thirds of the
required egress width shall be located in this wall
At least one half of the required exits shall be
located so as to be reached without passing through
checkout stands. In no case shall checkout stands
or associated railings or barriers obstruct exits,
required aisles, or approaches thereto.
426.11 Flammable/Combustible Liquids: The
display, storage, protection, and maximum
allowable quantities of flammable and combustible
liquids permitted in mercantile display areas shall
be in accordance with NFPA 30, as listed in
Appendix A.
426.12 Aerosols: The display, storage, protection,
and maximum allowable quantities of aerosols
permitted in mercantile occupancies shall be in
accordance with of NFPA 30B.
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Table 426.13.
DENSITY FACTOR FOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS EXEMPTION CALCULATIONS.
Material
Class
Solids pounds
(cubic feet)
Liquid gallons
(pounds)
Gas cubic feet
x 0.4536 for kg
(x 28.32 for liters)
x 3.78 for liters
(x 0.4536 for kg)
x 28.32 for liters
Oxidizers
4
3
2
1
Not permitted
0.75
1.5
12
Not Permitted
(0.75)
(1.5)
(12)
Not Permitted
112.5
9
4.5
Unstable (reactive)
4
3
2
1
Not Permitted
0.375
0.3
Unlimited
Not Permitted
(0.375)
(0.3)
Unlimited
Not Permitted
3.75
1.5
2.25
Toxics
All
0.65
(0.65)
1.053
Corrosives
All
6.5
0.65
1.053
Highlv Toxic
All
0.0013
(0.0013)
0.026
Water Reactive
3
2
I
0.375
0.3
0.375
(0.0375)
(0.3)
(0.375)
Not Applicable
1. Quantities may be increased by 100% in sprinkler ed buildings
426.13 Non-flammable and non-combustible
hazardous materials: Non-flammable and non-
combustible hazardous materials such as:
Oxidizers, Unstable Materials, Toxics, Highly
Toxics, Corrosives, and Water Reactives shall meet
the following requirements:
Q = FxA
where:
Q — the maximum quantity in a single control
area for mercantile display.
F = the density factor as indicated in Table
426.13.
A = the area occupied for mercantile display.
For computation purposes, the area shall not
exceed 1,500 square feet (139.39 m ) per control
426. 14 Fire Alarm or Notification Systems: Either
a fire alarm system or emergency notification
system, as described below and approved by the
head of the fire department, shall be provided:
1. Fire Alarm System: The fire alarm system
shall include the following:
a. Afire alarm system required for life safety
shall be installed, tested, and maintained in
accordance with applicable requirements of
NFPA 70 and 72, as listed in Appendix A.
b. All systems and components shall be
approved for the purpose for which installed,
and all installation wiring or other
transmission paths shall be monitored for
integrity in accordance with NFPA 72, as
listed in Appendix A.
c. Manual fire alarm stations shall be
provided in the natural path of escape near
each required exit from an area. Each
manual fire alarm station shall be accessible,
unobstructed, visible, and of the same general
type.
d Notification signals for occupants to
evacuate shall be by audible and visible
signals in accordance with NFPA 72 and
CABO/ANSI All 7.1, as listed in Appendix A.
The general evacuation alarm signal shall
operate throughout the entire building,
e. The fire alarm system shall be arranged to
transmit the alarm automatically via any of
the following means acceptable to head of the
fire department and in accordance with
NFPA 72:
L Auxiliary Alarm System
il Central Station Connection
Hi. Proprietary System, or
iv. Remote Station Connection,
f The fire alarm control panel location shall
be located in an area acceptable to the head
of the fire department Where required, a
remote annunciator shall be located in an
area acceptable to the head of the fire
department
g. Other control systems intended to make
the protected premises safer for building
occupants including, but not limited to, duct
smoke detectors, fire/smoke dampers, smoke
management systems, fire door controls, shall
be installed and monitored for integrity in
accordance with NFPA 72, as listed in
Appendix A, and a distinctive supervisory
signal shall be provided to indicate a
condition that would impair the satisfactory
operation of the equipment
h. Supervisory attachments including, but
not limited to, control valves, fire pump
running conditions, float valves, shall be
installed and monitored for integrity in
accordance with NFPA 72 as lisctd in
Appendix A, and a distinctive supervisory
signal shall be provided to indicate a
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condition that would impair the satisfactory
operation of the equipment
L All building HVA Cfans shall be arranged
to automatically shut down on any general
alarm condition. Duct smoke detectors shall
not be required
j. Water/low initiating devices shall be
arranged to initiate an alarm condition within
one minute of being activated In addition,
provisions shall be made to control and
prevent false alarms due to water surges.
2. Emergency Notification System: During a
fire emergency, the emergency notification
system shall sound an audible alarm in a
continuously attended location for the purpose
of initiating the evacuation plan required under
780 CMR 426.15.
426.15 Evacuation Planning and Training: An
evacuation plan shall be submitted at the time of
application for a building permit as part of the
required documentation pursuant to 780 CMR 1.
The Certificate of Use and Occupancy shall not be
issued until the evacuation plan has been revietved
and approved by the head of the fire department
Any changes to the evacuation plan shall not be
effected until a revised plan has been submitted to
and approved by the head of the fire department
The evacuation plan shall detail procedures, define
roles and responsibilities of employees, and shall
include an egress plan indicating routes of travel to
all exits. The evacuation plan shall be used to
ensure the safe evacuation of all customers and
employees. All employees shall be instructed and
periodically trained with respect to their duties, as
required by 527 CMR 10.25, as listed in
Appendix A.
426.16 Smoke and Heat Venting: Adequate
methods of manual heat and smoke venting shall
be provided The method of operation, vent area,
spacing layout, construction of vents and curtain
boards or other acceptable means of addressing
methods of heat and smoke venting shall be
determined by an engineering evaluation and
analysis. The analysis shall be reviewed and
approved by the head of the fire department and
shall contain sufficient detail to evaluate the
hazard and effectiveness of the venting system.
780 CMR 427.0 LIMITED GROUP
RESIDENCE
427.1 General: A building licensed by or operated
by the Department of Mental Health or the Office
for Children, Commonwealth of Massachusetts as
a limited group residence: this is a special
residence to include residents not capable
self-preservation.
427.1.1 Scope: A limited group residence shall
have a maximum of 12 residents who are at least
four years of age. Not more than four of the
residents shall be impaired; provided, however,
that more than four such residents may be
impaired if the structure complies with 780 CMR
427.2. A limited group residence shall be
classified in the R-5 use category for code
purposes.
427.1.1.1 Department of Mental Retardation
(DMR) Group Homes: 780 CMR 427.0 shall
not apply to premises operated or licensed by
the Department of Mental Retardation (DMR)
pursuant to 115 CMR 7. 00 and 8. 00, upon the
completion of a DMR safety assessment for
each individual and an approved safety plan
for each location where services and supports
are provided Such premises shall be treated
as conventional R-4, R-3, R-2 and R-l use as
applicable.
427.1.2 Definitions: The following terms shall
have the meaning indicated for the purpose of
780 CMR 427.0:
Existing building or structure: Any completed
building or structure which has been legally
occupied and/or legally used for a period of at
least five years. Structures which fail to
qualify with this definition shall comply with
780 CMR 427.2.
Resident: A client in need of care who resides in
the limited group residence of the licensing or
operation agency. Staff are not considered as
residents under the provisions of 780 CMR
42 7. 0. The licensing agency shall classify all
residents in one of the following three
categories:
Impaired: All residents not capable of
self-preservation through physical, mental
and/or developmental disability and requiring
physical assistance to exit the building. All
residents under seven years of age shall be
classified as impaired
Partially impaired: All residents physically,
mentally and/or developmentally disabled but
capable of exiting the limited group residence
with either supervision and/or instruction
without any physical assistance.
Unimpaired: All residents capable of exiting
the building without physical assistance
and/or supervision or instruction by staff
personnel and capable of negotiating any
exitway of the limited group residence
427.1.3 Application of building code and
reference: Except as may otherwise be
specifically provided for in 780 CMR 427.0, the
Massachusetts State Building Code shall apply
in its entirety.
Exception: Chapter 34 shall not apply.
427.1.4 Mixed use occupancy: A limited group
residence shall not be housed in a building used
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for any occupancy other than a limited group
residence.
Exception: Dwelling unit(s) meeting the
requirements of 780 CMR 427.0 may be
incorporated within a building in residential
use provided unit separation walls and
floor-ceiling assemblies shall serve to
completely separate the limited group
residence and provided that one of the limited
group residence exitways is separate from the
other uses.
427.1.5 Plans and specifications: Plans shall be
filed with the building official having
jurisdiction in accordance with 780 CMR 110.0
for any building to be constructed as, or altered
for use as, a limited group residence under
780 CMR 427.0.
427.1.6 Temporary certificate of occupancy:
Upon satisfactory compliance with the code
sections pertaining to building requirements, the
building official shall issue a temporary
certificate of occupancy in accordance with
780 CMR 120.3 for a period not to exceed 90
days. This temporary certificate of occupancy
specifically prohibits residents as defined in
780 CMR 427.1.2 from inhabiting the building
overnight until the building official issues the
certificate of occupancy under 780 CMR
427.1.8.
427.1. 7 Rules and regulations of the licensing or
operating agency pertaining to and including,
but not limited to, smoking regulations, staffing
ratios, and resident classifications shall be
provided to the building official by the licensing
or operating agency prior to the issuance of a
certificate of occupancy.
427.1.8 Certificate of occupancy: Certificates of
occupancy shall only be issued when a license, if
appropriate, and an affidavit from the
Department of Mental Health or the Office for
Children, Commonwealth of Massachusetts,
have been accepted by the building official
attesting to the satisfactory compliance with the
applicable rules and regulations referenced in
780 CMR 427.1.7.
427.1.9 Certificate of inspection: Certificates of
inspection shall be issued by the building official
in accordance with 780 CMR 106.0 and Table
106.
427.1.10 Failure to comply: The building official
immediately upon being informed by written
report or otherwise that a building or structure
or anything attached thereto or connected
therewith is being occupied in violation of
780 CMR may revoke or suspend any permit,
license, certificate or other permission regulated
by 780 CMR and granted by him, and no such
building or structure shall be continued to be
operated after such revocation or suspension.
Such revocation or suspension shall not
preclude the building official from instituting
appropriate action in accordance with 780 CMR
118.0.
427.2 New structures: All new structures shall be
constructed, equipped, and maintained to the
requirements of the One- and Two-Family
Dwelling Code and 780 CMR 427.0, shall be
limited to two stories in height, and shall have
dwelling unitfs) limited to one story in height with
direct access to grade without steps or changes in
elevation other than ramps in accordance with
780 CMR 11. Corridors shall be of one hour fire
resistive construction.
427.2.1 Other requirements: New structures
shall also satisfy the general requirements
contained in 780 CMR 427.1 and 427.3.
427.3 Existing structures: Existing structures of
any construction up to three stories or 40 feet in
height may be converted and used for limited group
residence occupancies. All residents classified as
impaired as defined in 780 CMR 427.1.2 are
restricted to those stories having direct access to
grade without steps or changes in elevation other
than ramps in accordance with 780 CMR 11.
427.3.1 Third-story utilization: The third story of
buildings permitted by 780 CMR 427.3 may be
only occupied by staff. Other use of the third
story is restricted to heating, ventilation units
and ordinary storage. All doors leading to non-
resident areas shall be maintained locked
427.3.2 Vertical openings: Openings to such
spaces as laundry chutes, dumb-waiters, heating
plenums or combustible concealed spaces shall
be permanently blocked with one hour
fireresistance-rated construction, in accordance
with the provisions of 780 CMR 7, unless such
installation is in compliance with the pertinent
provisions of other sections of 780 CMR.
427.3.2.1 Firestopping and draftstopping:
Firestopping and draftstopping shall be
provided in accordance with 780 CMR 720.
and the One- and Two-Family Dwelling Code
or as approved by the building official
427.3.3 Exitway Details:
427.3.3.1 Corridor width: The minimum clear
width of an exitway access corridor shall be
three feet
Exception: In new structures the minimum
clear width shall be four feet
427.3.3.2 Dead ends: In no case shall dead
end corridors exceed 30 feet Existing dead
end corridors, wherever possible, shall be
altered so that exitways shall be accessible in
at least two different directions from all points
in corridors.
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
427.3.3.3 Corridor walls: Corridor walls that
separate use areas from exitway access
corridors shall be of construction that will
resist the passage of smoke.
Exception: Existing openings to
congregate living areas, other than
kitchens, shall be allowed to remain open.
427.3.3.4 Sleeping room doors: All sleeping
room doors shall be of construction that will
resist the passage of smoke. All doors shall be
equipped with approved positive latching
hardware and approved self-closing devices.
Exceptions:
1. Sleeping room doors may be equipped
with approved hold-open smoke activated
devices in accordance with 780 CMR
1017.0.
2. Hollow core doors shall not be
permitted
427.3.3.5 Means of Egress: All habitable
floors shall be provided with at least two
means of egress, located as remote as
practicable from one another. Exitways shall
be located to provide a safe path of travel to a
public way without traversing any corridor or
space exposed to an unprotected open
stairway.
Exceptions:
L Open stairs may be used as one of the
required means of egress when permitted
by 780 CMR 427.3.3.6, Exception 3.
However, in no case may both required
means of egress traverse the unprotected
open space.
2. Access to one of the required exitways
on sleeping room floors may be through
adjoining rooms.
427.3.3.6 Interior exitway stairs: Every story
shall be provide with at least one enclosed
interior stairway which discharge directly to
grade or through a grade passageway to a
public way. The enclosed interior stairway(s)
shall be of construction having a minimum
fireresistance rating of one hour, properly
firestopped Spaces below the stairway(s)
shall be enclosed to maintain the integrity of
the one hour fireresistive construction of the
stairway enclosure. Stairway(s) openings
shall be protected by at least Class "B" label
one hour fire door assemblies.
New stair construction shall comply with
780 CMR 1014.0. Existing stairs shall
comply with the One- and Two-Family
Dwelling Code or as approved by the building
official
Exceptions:
1. Secondary stairs not considered an
exitway component may have door
openings protected by a minimum 1 % inch
solid bonded wood core doors or
equivalent; however, such doors shall be
equipped with approved automatic positive
latching hardware and approved
self-closing devices.
2. Basement/cellar: Stairway(s) shall be
separated from the first floor by a 20
minute fire rated, self-closing door or
equivalent
3. One stairway may be allowed to remain
unenclosed to preserve functional and
aesthetic requirements.
427.3.3. 7 Door widths: No single egress door
in a doorway shall be less than 28 inches
wide.
Exceptions:
1. Exitway door leaves shall not be less
than 34 inches wide.
2. Door leaves to resident bedrooms
occupied by residents who are classified as
"Impaired" shall not be less than 34
inches wide.
427.3.3.8 Basement/ceUar: Basements/cellars
shall be provided with at least two acceptable
exitways, one of which shall discharge
directly to the outside of the building.
Exception: Basement/Cellar areas with
only one existing entrance from the outside
only, and used solely as a mechanical
space shall be permitted to maintain only
one doorway which shall be maintained
locked as an entrance/exitway.
427.3.3.9 Emergency escape: All sleeping
rooms shall have at least one openable
window or exterior door to permit smoke
control, emergency escape, or rescue A
required door or window must be openable
from the inside without the use of separate
took, and shall comply with 780 CMR 1010.4.
427.3.3.10 Means of egress lighting: Means
of egress lighting systems shall be provided in
accordance with 780 CMR 1024.0.
427.3.3.11 Locks: Locks installed in resident
sleeping room doors shall be so arranged that
they can be locked from the corridor side. All
such locks shall be arranged to permit exit
from the room by a simple operation without
the use of a key. Double cylinder dead bolts
requiring key operation on both sides are
prohibited throughout this occupancy.
427.3.4 Interior finish: The flame spread of
interior finish shall be limited to Class 11 in
exitways or exit access corridors. Rooms shall
be permitted to have interior finish of a Class III
flame spread Floor coverings shall conform to
the requirements of 780 CMR 805.0 except that
carpet type floor coverings shall possess a
critical radiant flux of 0.22 w/cm 2 or greater.
427.3.5 Fire suppression systems: Automatic fire
suppression systems shall be provided and
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUTLDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
installed in accordance with NFiPA Standard
No. 13D.
Additions:
1. Exceptions listed in NFiPA Standard No.
13D applicable to dwellings shall not apply.
2. A water flow detector, connected to the
fire alarm system, shall be provided
3. NFiPA Standard No. 13D, Sections 4
through 6; Exception 1 shall not apply.
4. The control valve(s) shall be secured in
the open position.
427.3.6 Fire alarm system: A manual fire alarm
system shall be provided and installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 917.0 or 918.0 and
specifically NFiPA Standard No. 72 A as listed in
Appendix A.
427.3.7 Automatic protection alarm system:
Approved smoke detectors shall be installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 918. and specifically
NFiPA Standard No. 72 as listed in Appendix A
in the following locations:
1. exitway access corridors not more than 30
feet on center;
2. congregate living areas other than
kitchens;
3. at least one detector in all basement/cellar
areas; and
4. all sleeping rooms.
Exception: Smoke detectors used in
combination with automatic closing
devices may be substituted in each area
aforementioned for the protection herein
required
427.3.8 Fire department connection: All
automatic and manual fire alarm systems shall
be electrically interconnected; this combined
system shall automatically transmit an alarm to
the municipal fire department or to such other
outside assistance as may be available. Such
connection shall be made in accordance with
NFiPA Standard No. 72 as listed in Appendix A.
427.3.9 Heating devices: Portable comfort
heating devices and solid fuel burning
appliances are prohibited Any heating device,
other than a central heating plant, shall be so
designed and installed that combustible material
will not be ignited by it or its appurtenances. If
fuel-fired, such heating devices shall be chimney
or vent connected, shall take air for combustion
directly from the outside, and shall be so
designed and installed to provide for complete
separation at the combustion system from the
atmosphere of the occupied area. The heating
system shall have safety devices to immediately
stop the flow of fuel and shut down the
equipment in case of either excessive
temperature or ignition failure
Exceptions:
1. Approved suspended unit heaters may be
used in locations other than means of egress
and sleeping areas, provided such heaters are
located high enough to be out of the reach of
persons using the area and provided they are
equipped with the safety devices specified in
780 CMR 427.3.9.
2. Fireplaces which comply with 780 CMR
2114. may be used only in areas other than
resident sleeping rooms. The fireplaces shall
be equipped with a heat tempered glass
fireplace enclosure guaranteed against
breakage up to a temperature of 650 "F. A
lock on the enclosure shall be required
427.3.10 Fire drills: The licensing or operating
agency shall require that fire drills be held with
sufficient frequency so as to familiarize all
residents and staff personnel with emergency
procedures. Drills shall be held at unexpected
times under varying conditions to simulate the
unpredictable conditions which may occur in
case of fire, including blocking of any point of
any means or egress.
427.3.10.1 Log: A log shall be kept of all fire
drills and shall be available for inspection
and duplication by the building official, fire
official, and other parties having jurisdiction.
427.3.10.2 The resident manager shall record
in said log the names of any authorized
inspectors who may have been present and
the names or identifying numbers of the
residents who participated
780 cmr 428.0 detoxification
facilities
428.1 General: A detoxification facility is a facility
licensed or operated by the Department of Public
Health, Division of Alcoholism in accordance with
the Rules and Regulations for Detoxification
Facilities issued by the Department of Public
Health, Division of Alcoholism, Commonwealth of
Massachusetts, and shall be used to treat
individuals acceptable to the program in
accordance with those Rules and Regulations.
428.2 Scope: Detoxification facilities shall be
subject to the requirements of 780 CMR 428. for
new and existing buildings which are to be used or
operated as licensed facilities. 780 CMR 428.0
shall establish the requirements applicable to such
facilities. Where specific reference is made to
other sections of 780 CMR, to reference standards
or other regulations, those requirements cited shall
apply. Where no reference is specifically made,
780 CMR, including 780 CMR 34, shall apply.
428.3 Classification of Residents: All residents
enrolled in the detoxification program shall be
identified according to one of the following
2/7/97 .(Effective 2/28/97)
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
classifications when evaluated by the facility
personnel in accordance with the Rules and
Regulations for Detoxification Facilities of the
Division of Alcoholism of the Department of Public
Health:
1. Impaired
2. Partially Impaired
3. Unimpaired
428.4 Definitions: The following terms shall have
the meaning indicated for the purpose of 780 CMR
428.0 only:
Impaired: Anyone who will require assistance to
egress the building
Partially Impaired: Anyone who may require
assistance to egress the building.
Unimpaired: Anyone who appears able to egress
the building without assistance.
4285 Use group classification: Detoxification
facilities licensed and approved in accordance with
these provisions shall be classified in the R-l use
group.
4286 Mixed use occupancy: A portion of a
building may be used for a detoxification facility
provided that it is completely separated from the
rest of the building by both horizontal and vertical
fire separation assemblies of at least one hour
fireresistance rating.
Exception: Detoxification facilities shall not be
located in buildings in which any of the
following use groups are located: A-2, F, H, or
S-l.
4287 Submission of plans: Plans shall be filed
with the building official in accordance with
780 CMR 110.0 for any building to be constructed
as, or altered for use as, a detoxification facility
under 780 CMR 428.0. The plans shall also
identify those rooms which comply with 780 CMR
428.0 for use by the impaired
428.8 Inspection and certification: The building
official shall inspect and certify detoxification
facilities once every two years. Fees shall be
applied in accordance with Table 106 for the R-l
Use Group.
4289 Resident location limitations: In buildings
used as detoxification facilities in accordance with
780 CMR 428.0, resident locations shall be limited
according to the use and type of construction as
provided in Table 428. 9. All heights are in stories
above grade. All buildings used as detoxification
facilities in accordance with 780 CMR 428. shall
be accessible to the Fire Department wherever
escape windows are required
Table 428 9
RESIDENT SLEEPING ROOM LOCA TION
LIMITATION FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF
CONSTRUCTION
Classification
of Resident
Type of Building Construction
IA
IB
2A
28
2C
3A
SB
J
SA
SB
Impaired
No
limit
Ssl
4
St
2
St.
1
St.
2
St
1
St.
2
sL
1
St
1
SL
Partially
impaired
No
limit
No
limit
8
SL
3
St.
1
St
3
SI.
2
St
3
a.
2
SL
1
SL
Unimpaired
No
limit
No
limit
St
4
St.
3
St
4
St.
3
St.
-i
St.
3
St.
2
SL
Note: * Impaired sleeping rooms in 5B construction
require either full building sprinklering or one hour fire
rated separation for floor and ceiling of sleeping room
walls.
428.9.1 Sprinklered buildings: Buildings which
are completely sprinklered may have resident
locations one story higher than allowed in Table
428.9.
4289.2 Sleeping room limitations: Sleeping
facilities in building licensed for use as
detoxification facilities shall not be located
below thefirsi story.
42810 Egress: At least two exitways located as
remote as practicable from each other shall be
provided from each floor of the building.
42810.1 Every room used for sleeping for the
impaired and partially impaired shall have an
exitway access door leading directly to an
exitway access corridor:
Exceptions:
1. Rooms having a means of egress doorway
leading directly to the exterior of the building
at grade
2. Rooms having a means of egress doorway
leading directly to the exterior of the building
above grade and connected directly to grade
by means of an exterior stairway in
accordance with 780 CMR 1014.0.
428.10.2 All other sleeping rooms: All other
sleeping rooms shall comply with the
requirements of 780 CMR 10 in accordance with
the provisions for the R-l use group.
42810.3 Corridors shall provide at least 36
inches minimum nominal width.
42810.4 All means of egress doorways shall be
32 inches minimum nominal width.
Exception: Egress doorways from impaired
sleeping rooms shall 36 inches minimum
nominal width.
428.10.5 Every required exitway access corridor
shall have a one hour fire-resistance rating and
shall provide access to at least two approve
exitways without passing through any
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SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
intervening rooms or spaces other than corridors
and lobbies.
Exception: In buildings with a complete
sprinkler system, exitway access corridors not
required for the impaired or partially
impaired may be separated from other use
areas by non-fire rated partitions
428.10.6 Stairways: Where not otherwise
specified in 780 CMR 428.2, a stairway required
as a means of egress shall be subject to these
requirements:
428.10.6.1 Stairways required to provide
egress for the impaired shall be at least 36
inches minimum nominal width. The total
capacity of the stairways shall be adequate for
the occupancy load served
428.10.6.2 Stairway enclosures shall have a
fireresistance rating of one hour for buildings
not exceeding three stories in height, and two
hours for buildings exceeding three stories in
height
428.10.6.3 Doors to the required exitway
stairways shall be fire doors complying with
780 CMR 716.0 . Labeled fire doors shall
have a maximum transmitted temperature end
point of not more than 450 °F (232 °C) above
ambient at the end of 30 minutes of standard
fire test exposure.
42811 Interior finish: Interior finish requirements
shall comply with Table 428.11.
Exceptions:
1. In buildings which are completely
sprinklered, the interior finish requirements may
be reduced one level except in sleeping rooms for
the impaired
2. The interior finish classifications in existing
buildings may be improved one level by the use
of fire retardant coatings which have been
approved when tested in accordance with ASTM
E-84.
TABLE 428.11
INTERIOR FINISH REQUIREMENTS
Location
Walls
Floor
Ceiling
Sleeping rooms, Impaired
II
II 2
II
Corridors, Impaired
I
I 1
I
Sleeping rooms, Partially impaired
I
i
I
Corridors, Partially impaired
I
/
I
All other exitway access corridors
II
II 2
II
Stairwavs
I
t
1
Note 1: Carpet type floor coverings shall withstand a
test exposure of 0.45 watts per square centimeter when
tested in accordance with 780 CMR 805.0.
Note 2: Carpet type floor coverings shall withstand a
test exposure of 0.22 watts per square centimeter when
tested in accordance with 780 CMR 805. ft
428.12 Fire alarm systems: Manual and automatic
fire alarm systems shall be provided in accordance
with 780 CMR 917.0 as they apply to Use Group
R-l.
Exceptions:
1. In rooms for the impaired and partially
impaired the heat detectors required by
780 CMR 918. shall be replaced with approved
smoke detectors.
2. Buildings or portions thereof with 25 beds or
less shall have as a minimum a Type 11 system as
described in 780 CMR 918.0: buildings with 26
beds or more shall have as a minimum a Type I
system as described in 780 CMR 918. ft
3. All buildings or portions thereof regardless
of the number of beds shall incorporate manual
pull stations in conformance with 780 CMR
917.0.
42812.1 All automatic and manual fire alarm
systems shall be electrically interconnected; this
combined system shall automatically transmit an
alarm to the municipal fire department or to
another approved source of assistance Such
communication shall be made in accordance
with NFiPA Standards No. 72 as listed in
Appendix A.
42813 Means of egress lighting: Means of egress
lighting including an emergency lighting system
shall be provided throughout the facility in
accordance with 780 CMR 91 7. ft
42814 Smoke enclosure doors: Smoke enclosure
doors shall be tight-fitting with approved hardware.
42815 Heating apparatus: The use of portable
heaters, solid fuel burning room heaters and
fireplaces shall be prohibited
428.16 Sprinkler systems: Where a complete
building sprinkler system is installed it shall
comply with the provisions of NFiPA Standard
No. 13, as listed in Appendix A.
42816.1 All rooms used for sleeping for the
impaired shall be sprinklered
Exception: A partial system required for
sleeping rooms housing impaired individuals
may be provided with a sprinkler system
serving no more than six sprinklers, which
may be connected directly to a domestic water
supply system having capacity sufficient to
provide 0.15 gallons per minute per square
foot of floor area throughout the entire area.
An indicating shut-off valve shall be installed
in an accessible location between the
sprinklers and the connection the domestic
water supply.
780 CMR429.0 GROUP DWELLING UNITS
429.1 General: A Group Dwelling Unit is a
dwelling unit licensed by or operated by the
9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Department of Mental Retardation or the
Department of Mental Health as special residence
for up to four persons who may or may not be
capable of self preservation from fire or other
related hazards. Note, however, 780 CMR 429.1,
Exceptions 1 and 2. The provisions of 780 CMR
429. shall apply to both new and existing Group
Dwelling Units.
Exception 1: 780 CMR 429. shall not apply to a
group dwelling unit operated or licensed by the
Department of Mental Retardation (DMR)
pursuant to J 15 CMR 7.00 and 8.00, upon the
completion of a DMR safety assessment for each
individual and an approved safety plan for each
location where services and supports are
provided Such premise shall be treated as
conventional R-4, R-3. R-2 and R-l use as
applicable.
Exception 2: Apartment programs as defined in
104 CMR 17.13(2)(c) in which residents therein
are also capable of self preservation (unimpaired)
shall be exempt from all requirements of
780 CMR 429.0. Such apartment programs shall
be classified as R-l. R-2. R-3, or R-4, as
applicable.
429.1.1 Classification of Use: Group Dwelling
Units shall be classified as follows:
Use Group R-2 - The Group Dwelling Unit(s)
is (are) one or more of three or more dwelling
units contained in the building.
Use Group R-3 or R-4 - The Group Dwelling
Unit(s) is (are) contained in a one or two
family dwelling.
429.1.2 Classification of Residents: Persons
other than staff of the facility who occupy or
intend to occupy Group Dwelling Units shall be
classified by the Licensing or Operating Agency
in one of the following three categories
according to their capabilities for self
preservation:
Impaired: Any resident who is incapable of
self preservation through physical, mental or
developmental disability, so as to require
physical assistance from the staff of the
Group Dwelling Unit to exit the building or to
reach an area of refuge within 2'A minutes.
Partially Impaired: Any resident who is
capable with either supervision or instruction
from the staff of the Group Dwelling Unit but
without physical assistance, of exiting the
building or reaching an area of refuge within
2'A minutes.
Unimpaired: Any resident who is capable of
exiting the building or reaching an area of
refuge within 2'A minutes without physical
assistance, supervision or instruction.
429.1.3 Application of building code and
reference: Except as may otherwise be
specifically provided in 780 CMR 429.0,
780 CMR shall apply in its entirety.
Exception: 780 CMR 34 shall not apply.
However, existing buildings may be used to
house group dwelling units, provided that
they comply with the applicable portions of
780 CMR 429.0, and have no outstanding
violations of 780 CMR or the specialized
codes.
429.1.4 Plans and specifications: Plans shall be
filed with the building official having
jurisdiction in accordance with 780 CMR 110.0
for any building to be constructed as, or altered
for use as a Group Dwelling Unit under
780 CMR 429.0.
429.1.5 Temporary Certificate of Occupancy:
Upon satisfactory compliance with the code
sections pertaining to building requirements, the
building official shall issue a temporary
certificate of occupancy in accordance with
780 CMR 120.3 for a period not to exceed 90
days. This temporary certificate of occupancy
specifically prohibits residents as defined in
780 CMR 429.1.2 from inhabiting the building
overnight until the building official issues the
certificate of occupancy under 780 CMR
429.1.8.
429.1.6 Corresponding Rules and Regulations:
115 CMR (the Department of Mental
Retardation) or 104 CMR 17.13 (the Department
of Mental Health) as listed in Appendix A,
pertaining to and including, but not limited to,
smoking regulations, staffing ratios, and
resident classifications shall be provided upon
request to the building official by the Licensing
or Operating Agency prior to the issuance of a
certificate of occupancy. Note, however,
780 CMR 429.1, Exceptions 1 and 2.
429.1.7 Certification of Residents: The
Licensing Agency shall certify the classification
of each resident prior to application for a
Certificate of Occupancy and shall regularly
re-examine and, where necessary, reclassify
residents in accordance with Department of
Mental Retardation or Department of Mental
Health regulations as listed in Appendix A.
Copies of the current certification of each
resident shall be kept on file at the Group
Dwelling Unit, and shall be made available to
the building official upon request Note,
however, 780 CMR 429.1, Exceptions 1 and 2.
429.1.8 Certificate of Occupancy: Certificates of
occupancy shall be issued only when a license
and/or affidavit from the Department of Mental
Retardation or the Department of Mental Health
have been provided to the building official
attesting to the satisfactory compliance with the
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SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY
applicable rules and regulations referenced in
780 CMR 429.1.6, the capabilities for self
preservation of all residents, and, if appropriate,
the intent to license the facility. Upon
compliance with all building requirements of
780 CMR 429. and receipt of the Licensing
Agency's affidavit, the building official shall
issue a certificate of occupancy within 72 hours.
In addition to the contents specified in 780 CMR
120.4, the certificate shall indicate the category
of Group Dwelling Unit for which the building
has been constructed or altered, as defined in
780 CMR 429.2. Note, however, 780 CMR
429.1, Exceptions 1 and 2.
429.2 Category of Unit/Compliance Options: Nov
and existing building containing Group Dwelling
Units shall be required to satisfy at least one
compliance option presented for the appropriate
category of residency as defined in 780 CMR
429.2:
Category A Group Dwelling Unit - May contain
any or all of the resident classifications.
Category B Group Dwelling Unit - May contain
only partially impaired or unimpaired residents.
Category C Group Divelling Unit - Shall contain
only unimpaired residents.
429.2.1 Category A Unit Compliance Options:
Buildings housing Group Dwelling Units classed
as "Category A " shall comply with any one of
the following compliance options:
1. The entire building shall be equipped with
afire suppression system; or
2. The building shall be of a protected
construction type (Type 1, 2A, 2B, 3A, 4 or
5 A). All interior staipvays shall be enclosed
to comply with the requirements of 780 CMR
for interior exitway stainvays and shall
discharge directly to the exterior of the
building or into a code complying grade
passageway or lobby. The building shall also
be equipped with fire alarms complying with
780 CMR 9 for the appropriate use group
classification; or
3. The Building shall comply with the
provisions of 780 CMR 427.0; or
4. If of unprotected construction (Types 2C,
3B or SB), the building shall be equipped with
fire alarms complying with 780 CMR 9 for the
appropriate use group classification. No
Group Dwelling Unit(s) shall utilize portions
of the building above the second story. All
stories in the building shall be equipped with
two approved, independent exitways (even if
the building is classified in Use Group R-3).
Interior exibvay stairways shall be enclosed to
comply with the requirements of 780 CMR for
interior exitway stainvays and shall discharge
directly to the exterior of the building or into
a code complying grade passageway or lobby;
or
5. In those buildings of unprotected
constructed (Types 2C, 3B or SB) where
enclosure of interior exitway stairways is
impractical due to physical limitations of
configuration of the building (e.g. split entry
type stainvays), the stainvay(s) may be
permitted to remain unenclosed, provided that
all sleeping rooms are segregated from the
open stainvay by a minimum of one hour fire
resistive construction and the exitways are
arranged so that a second means of egress is
available from each sleeping area which does
not pass through the open stainvay area. The
building shall also be equipped with fire
alarms complying with 780 CMR 9 for the
appropriate use group classification. No
Group Dwelling Unit shall utilize portions of
the building above the second story. All
stories in the building shall be equipped with
two approved, independent exitivays (even if
the building is classified in Use Group R-3).
429.2.1.1 Limitation on location of
impaired residents: All sleeping rooms of
impaired residents shall either be located
on the first story or on a story containing a
horizontal exit complying with 780 CMR
1019.0.
429.2.2 Category B Unit Compliance Options:
Buildings housing Group Dwelling Units
classified as "Category B" shall comply with any
one of the following compliance options:
1. Any Category A compliance option; or
2. All stories in the building shall be
provided with two approved, independent
exitways (even if the building is classified in
Use Group R-3). All interior stairways shall
be enclosed to comply with the requirements
of 780 CMR for interior exitway stainvays
and shall discharge directly to the exterior of
the building or into a code complying grade
passageway or lobby. The building also shall
be equipped with fire alarms complying with
780 CMR 9 for the appropriate use group
classification.
429.2.3 Category C Unit Compliance Options:
Buildings housing Group Dwelling Units
classified as "Category C" shall comply with any
one of the following compliance options:
1. Any Category A compliance option; or
2. Any Category B compliance option; or
3. The building shall comply with the
provisions of 780 CMR 423. 0.
429.3 Special Fire Safety Items:
429.3.1 Hazardous Contents: No contents which
represent afire hazard greater than that which
could be expected of ordinary household
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7S0 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
furnishings shall be permitted within a Group
Lhvelling Unit
429.3.2 Interior Finish: Interior finish in
exitways and exitway access corridors shall be a
minimum of Class II, unless the building is
equipped with a fire suppression system.
Approved fire retardant paints may be used to
improve the interior finish classification of
existing construction to satisfy this requirement
429.3.3 Locks: Double cylinder deadbolt locks
which require a key operation on the side from
which egress is to be made are not permitted in
Group Lhvelling Units. Locks of any type are
prohibited on sleeping room doors of impaired or
partially impaired residents or on any door which
provides access to an exitway.
429.4 Special inspection/fire drill: Prior to
occupancy of the group dwelling unit the Licensing
Agency shall conduct a fire drill to test the
capability of residents to exit according to their
residency classification. At least once every 90
days, the Operating Agency shall also conduct a
fire drill to test the capability of residents to exit
according to their residency classification. Drills
shall be held at unexpected times under varying
conditions to simulate the unpredictable nature of
fire emergencies. The building official may, at his
option, participate in or witness the fire drill, or
may accept an affidavit from the Operating Agency
attesting to the performance of each resident or
prospective resident The affidavit shall also
specify the date, time and conditions of the drill,
and shall list all participants and witnesses.
429.4.1 Conduct of the Fire Drill: During the
conduct of the drill, one exit shall be blocked to
simulate a hazardous condition and the alarm
system shall be activated Successful
performance for each resident shall be defined
as his/her ability to exit the building, or where
horizontal exits are provided to reach an area of
refuge within 2V2 minutes of the activation of the
fire alarm system. Only those staff members
who are normally on duty shall be allowed to
assist residents, and the only assistance
permitted shall be that which is provided by the
staff of the Group Dwelling Unit consistent with
the classification of each individual resident
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CHAPTER 5
GENERAL BUILDING LIMITATIONS
780 CMR 501.0 GENERAL
501.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 5 control
the height and area of all structures hereafter
erected, and additions to existing structures based on
the type of construction, use group, frontage on open
space providing exposure protection and access to
structures for fire-fighting purposes, and the
presence of an automatic sprinkler system.
780 CMR 502.0 DEFINITIONS
502.1 General: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 5 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR have the meanings shown
herein.
Area, building The area included within
surrounding exterior walls (or exterior walls and
fire walls) exclusive of vent shafts and courts.
Areas of the building not provided with
surrounding walls shall be included in the
building area if such areas are included within the
horizontal projection of the roof or floor above
Basement: That portion of a building which is partlv
or completely below grade (see "Story above
grade").
Grade plane A reference plane representing the
average of finished ground level adjoining the
building at all exterior walls. Where the finished
ground level slopes away from the exterior walls,
the reference plane shall be established by the
lowest points within the area between the building
and the lot line or, where the lot line is more than
six feet (1829 mm) from the building, between the
building and a point six feet (1829 mm) from the
building.
Height
Building The vertical distance from grade plane
to the average height of the highest roof surface.
Story: The vertical distance from top to top of
two successive tiers of beams or finished floor
surfaces; and, for the topmost story, from the top
of the floor finish to the top of the ceiling joists or.
where there is not a ceiling, to the top of the roof
rafters.
Mezzanine An intermediate level or levels between
the floor and ceiling of any story with an
aggregate floor area of not more than Vb of the
area of the room in which the level or levels are
located (see 780 CMR 505.0).
Story: That portion of a building included between
the upper surface of a floor and the upper surface
of the floor or roof next above (also see
"Mezzanine").
Story above grade .Any stop,' having its finished
floor surface entirelv above grade except that a
basement shall be considered as a story above
grade where the finished surface of the floor
above the basement is
1 . More than six feet ( 1 829 mm) above grade
plane,
2. More than six feet (1829 mm) above the
finished ground level for more than 50% of the
total building perimeter; or
3. More than 12 feet (3658 mm) above the
finished ground level at any point.
780 CMR 503.0 GENERAL HEIGHT
AND ARE\ LEVflTATIONS
503.1 General: The heights and areas of all
buildings and structures between exterior walls or
between exterior walls and fire walls, shall be
governed by the type of construction and the use
group classification as defined in 780 CMR 3 and 6
and shall not exceed the limitations fixed in Table
503, except as specifically modified by 780 CMR 5
and the following sections:
Section Subject
402.7 Covered mall buildings
403.3.3.1 High-rise buildings
414.2 Airport traffic control towers
416.3 HPM facilities
418.3.1.1 Grain elevators
426. Bulk Merchandizing
Retail Buildings
3 1 03 .3 . 5 Membrane structures
503.1.1 Special industrial occupancies All
buildings and structures designed to house low-
hazard industrial processes that require large
areas and unusual heights to accommodate
craneways or special machinery and equipment,
including, among others, rolling mills, structural
metal fabrication shops and foundries, or the
production and distribution of electric, gas or
steam power, shall be exempt from the height and
area limitations of Table 503.
503.1.2 Open parking structures Open parking
structures shall conform to the height and area
limitations specified in 780 CMR 406.4.
503.1.3 Buildings on same lot: Two or more
buildings on the same lot shall be regulated as
separate buildings or shall be considered as
portions of one building if the height of each
building and the aggregate area of all buildings
are within the limitations of Table 503 as
modified by 780 CMR 504.0 and 506.0. The
provisions of 780 CMR applicable to the aggre-
gate building shall be applicable to each building.
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Table 503
HEIGHT AND AREA LIMITATIONS OF BUILDINGS
Height limitations of buildings (shown in upper figure as stories and feet above grade plane) , and area limitations of
one- or two-story buildings facing on one street or public space not less than 30 feet wide (shown in lower figure as
area in square feet per floor ). See Note a.
Table notes appear immediately following table.
N.P. = Not Permitted; N.L. = Not Limited
USE GROUPS
Note a
Tvpe of Construction
Noncombustible
Noncombusuble/
Combustible
Combustible
Tvpe 1
Type 2
Tvpe 3
Type 4
Tv
pe 5
Protected
Noteb
Protected
Unpro-
tected
Pro-
tected
Unpro-
tected
Heavy
timber
Pro-
tected
Unpro-
tected
1A
IB
2A
2B
2C
3A
3B
4
5A
5B
A-l Assembly; theaters
N.L.
N.L.
5 St. 65'
19,950
3 St 40'
13,125
2 St 30'
8,400
3 St. 40'
11,550
2 St. 30'
8,400
3 St: 40'
12,600
1 St. 20'
8,925
1 St. 20'
4,200
A-2 Assembly; night clubs and
similar uses
N.L.
N.L.
7,200
3 St. 40'
5,700
2 St. 30'
3,750
1 St. 20'
2,400
2 St. 30'
3,300
1 St. 20'
2,400
2 St. 30'
3,600
1 St. 20'
2,550
1 St. 20'
1,200
A-3 Assembly; lecture halls, recre-
ation centers, terminals, restaurants
other than night clubs
N.L.
N.L.
5 St. 65'
19,950
3 St. 40'
13,125
2 St. 30'
8.400
3 St. 40'
11.550
2 St. 30'
8,400
3 St. 40'
12,600
1 St. 20'
8,925
1 St. 20'
4,200
A-4 Assembly; churches
Notec
N.L.
N.L.
5 St. 65'
34,200
3 St. 40'
22,500
2 St. 30'
14,400
3 St. 40'
19,800
2 St. 30'
14,400
3 St. 40'
21,600
1 St. 20'
15,300
1 St. 20'
7,200
B Business
N.L.
N.L.
7 St. 85'
34,200
5 St 65'
22,500
3 St. 40'
14,400
4 St. 50'
19,800
3 St. 40'
14,400
5 St. 65'
21,600
3 St. 40'
15,300
2 St. 30'
7,200
E Educational Note c
N.L.
N.L.
5 St. 65'
34,200
3 St. 40'
22,500
2 St. 30'
14,400
3 St. 40'
19.800
2 St. 30'
14,400
3 St. 40'
21,600
1 St. 20'
15,300
Noted
1 St. 20'
7,200
Noted
F-l Factory and industrial
Moderate
N.L.
N.L.
6 St. 75'
22,800
4 St. 50'
15,000
2 St. 30'
9,600
3 St. 40'
13,200
2 St. 30'
9,600
4 St. 50'
14,400
2 St. 30'
10,200
1 St. 20'
4,800
F-2 Factory and Industrial
low Note h
N.L.
N.L.
7 St. 85'
34,200
5 St. 65'
22,500
3 St. 40'
14,400
4 St. 50'
19,800
3 St. 40'
14,400
5 St 65'
21,600
3 St. 40'
15,300
2 St. 30'
7.200
H-l High hazard,
delonaton hazards Notes e, i, k, 1
1 St,20'
16.800
1 St. 20'
14,400
1 St. 20'
11,400
1 St. 20'
7,500
1 St. 20'
4,800
1 St 20'
6,600
1 St 20'
4,800
! St 20'
7,200
1 St. 20'
5,100
N.P
H-2 High Hazard
deflagration hazards Note e,i,j,l
5 St. 65'
16,800
3 St. 40'
14,400
3 St. 40'
11,400
2 St. 30'
7,500
1 St. 20'
4,800
2 St. 30'
6,600
1 St. 20'
4,800
2 St. 30'
7,200
1 St. 20'
5,100
N.P.
H-3 High Hazard
physical hazards Note e,l
7 St. 85'
33,600
7 St. 85'
28,800
6 St. 75'
22,800
4 St. 50'
15,000
2 St. 30'
9,600
3 St. 40'
13,200
2 St, 30'
9,600
4 St. 50'
14,400
2 St. 30'
10,200
1 St. 20'
4,800
H-4 High Hazard
health hazards Note e,l
7 St. 85'
N.L.
7 St. 85'
N.L.
7 St. 85'
34,200
5 St. 65'
22,500
3 St. 40'
14,400
4 St. 50'
19,800
3 St. 40'
14,400
5 St. 65'
21,600
3 St. 40'
15,300
2 St. 30'
7,200
1-1 Institutional, residential care
N.L.
N.L.
9 St. 100'
19,950
4 St. 50'
13,125
3 St. 40'
8,200
4 St. 50'
11.550
3 St. 40'
8,400
4 St.50'
12,600
3 St. 40'
8,925
2 St. 35'
4,200
1-2 Institutional, incapacitated
Notem
N.L.
NX.
4 St. 50'
17,100
2 St. 30'
11,250
1 St. 20'
7,200
1 St. 20'
9,900
N.P.
1 St. 20'
10,800
1 St. 20'
7,650
N.P
1-3 Institutional, restrained
N.L.
N.L.
4 St. 50'
14,250
2 St. 30'
9,375
1 St. 20'
6,000
2 St. 30'
8,250
i Si 20'
6,000
2 St. 30'
9,000
1 St. 20'
6.375
N.P.
M Mercantile
N.L.
N.L.
6 St. 75'
22,800
4 St. 50'
15,000
2 St. 30'
9,600
3 St. 40'
13,200
2 St. 30'
9,600
4 St. 50'
14,400
2 St. 30'
10,200
1 St. 20'
4,800
R-l Residential, hotels
N.L.
N.L.
9 St. 100'
22,800
4 St. 50'
15,000
3 St. 40'
9,600
4 St. 50'
13,200
3 St. 40'
9,600
4 St. 50'
14,400
3 St. 40'
10,200
2 St. 35'
4,800
R-2 Residential, multi-family
NX.
N.L.
9 St. 100'
22,800
4 St. 50'
15,000
Notef
3 St. 40"
9,600
4 St. 50'
13,200
Notef
3 St. 40'
9,600
4 St. 50'
14,400
3 St. 40'
10,200
2 St. 35'
4,800
R-3 Residential,
multiple single family
N.L.
N.L.
4 St. 50'
22,800
4 St. 50'
15,000
3 St. 40'
9,600
4 St. 50'
13,200
3 St. 40'
9,600
4 St. 50'
14,400
3 St 40'
10.200
2 St. 35'
4,800
S-l Storage, moderate
N.L.
N.L.
5 St. 65'
19,950
4 St. 50'
13,125
2 St. 30'
8,400
3 St. 40'
11,550
2 St. 30'
8.400
4 St. 50'
12,600
2 St. 30'
8,925
1 St. 20'
4,200
S-2 Storage, low Note g
N.L.
N.L.
7 St. 85'
34,200
5 St. 65'
22,500
3 St. 40'
14,400
4 St. 50'
19,800
3 St. 40'
14,400
5 St. 65'
21,600
3 St. 40'
15,300
2 St. 30'
7,200
TJ Utility, miscellaneous
N.L.
NX.
Notes applicable to Table 503:
Note a. See the following sections for general exceptions to Table 503:
780 CMR 504.2 Allowable height increase due to automatic sprinkler system installation.
114
780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/1 9/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
GENERAL BUILDING LIMITATIONS
780 CMR 506.2 Allowable area increase due to street frontage.
780 CMR 506.3 Allowable area increase due to automatic fire suppression system installation.
780 CMR 506.4 Allowable area reduction for multi-story buildings.
780 CMR 507.0 Unlimited area one-story buildings.
Note b. Buildings of Type 1 construction permitted to be of unlimited tabular heights and areas are not subject to
special requirements that allow increased heights and areas for other types of construction (see 780 CMR 503.1 4)
Note c. For height exceptions for auditoriums in occupancies in Use Groups A-4 and E, see 780 CMR 504 3
Note d. For height exceptions for day care centers in buildings of Type 5 construction, see 780 CMR 504.4
Note e. For exceptions to height and area limitations of buildings for Use Group H. see 780 CMR 4 governing the
specific use groups.
Note f. For exceptions to height of buildings for Use Group R-2 of Tvpes 2B and 3 A construction, see 780 CMR
504.6 and 504.7.
Note g. For height and area exceptions for open parking structures, see 780 CMR 406.0
Note h. For exceptions to height and area limitations for special industrial occupancies, see 780 CMR 503.1.1.
Note i. Occupancies in Use Groups H-l and H-2 shall not be permitted below grade
Note j. Rooms and areas of Use group H-2 containing pyrophonc materials shall not be permitted in buildings of
Type 3. 4, or 5 construction.
Note k. Occupancies in Use Group H- 1 are required to be detached one-story buildings (see 780 CMR 707 1.1).
Note I. For exceptions to height for buildings with occupancies in Use Group H. see 780 CMR 504.5
Note m. Hospitals, other than college or school infirmaries, shall be constructed of Type 1-B or higher
construction.
Note n. 1 foot = 304.8 mm; 1 square fool = 0.093 m*
503.1.4 Type 1 construction: Buildings of
Type 1 construction which are permitted to be of
unlimited tabular heights and areas by Table 503,
are not subject to the special requirements that
allow increased heights and areas for other types
of construction.
503.2 Area limitations: The area limitations
specified in Table 503 shall apply to the maximum
horizontally projected area of all buildings fronting
on a street or a public space not less than 30 feet
(9144 mm) in width with access from a public street
503.3 Height limitations: The height in feet and the
number of stories above grade specified in Table
503 shall apply to all buildings and to all separate
pans of a building that are enclosed within_/?re walls
complying with the provisions of 780 CMR 7. A
basement shall be considered as a story above grade
where the finished surface of the floor above the
basement is more than six feet (1829 mm) above
grade plane ; or more than six feet (1829 mm) above
the finished ground level for more than 50% of the
total building perimeter; or more than 12 feet (3658
mm) above the finished ground level at any point
780 CMR 504.0 HEIGHT
MODIFICATIONS
504.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR 504.0
shall modify the height limitations of Table 503 as
herein specified.
504.2 Automatic sprinkler systems: Where a
building is equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with 780 CMR
906.2.1, the building height limitation specified in
Table 503 shall be increased one story and 20 feet
(6096 mm). This increase shall not apply to
buildings of Types 2C, 3A. 4 and 5 A construction
with an occupancy in Use Group 1-2, or to buildings
with an occupancy in Use Group H-l, H-2 or H-3
The building height limitations for buildings with an
occupancy in Use Group R specified in Table 503
shall be increased one story and 20 feet (6096 mm)
but not to exceed a height of four stones and 60 feet
(18288 mm) where the building is equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system
installed in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.2 and
the system is supervised in accordance with
780 CMR 923.1, method 1, 2 or 3.
504.3 Auditoriums: The maximum height of
auditoriums in Use Groups A-4 and E shall be 65
feet (19812 mm) in buildings of Type 2B, 3A.4 or
5A construction and 45 feet (13716 mm) in
buildings of Type 2C, 3B or 5B construction.
504.4 Day care centers: The height limitations of
Table 503 for day care centers classified as Use
Group E. in buildings of Type 5 construction, shall
be increased one story and 20 feet (6096 mm)
provided that the total occupant load is less than 50
persons.
504.5 High-hazard use groups: Buildings and
structures with an occupancy in Use Group H that
requires unusual heights necessary to accommodate
special manufacturing processes and equipment shall
be exempt from the tabular height limitations, in
feet, of Table 503.
504.6 Type 3A construction: The height limitation
for buildings of Type 3 A construction with
occupancies in Use Group R-2 shall be increased to
9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition
1 1 5
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
six stories and 75 feet (22860 mm) where the first
floor construction above the basement has a
fireresistance rating of not less than three hours and
the floor area is subdivided by two-hour
fireresistance rated fire walls into fire areas of not
more than 3,000 square feet (279 m 2 ).
504.7 Type 2B construction: The height limitation
for buildings of Type 2B construction with
occupancies in Use Group R-2 shall be increased to
nine stories and 100 feet (30480 mrn) where the
building is separated by not less than 50 feet (15240
mm) from any other building on the lot and from
interior lot lines, the exits are segregated in afire
area enclosed by a 2-hour fire resistance rated fire
wall and the first floor construction has a fire-
resistance rating of not less than 1 Vi hours
780 CMR 505.0 MEZZANINES
505.1 General: A mezzanine or mezzanines in
compliance with 780 CMR 505.0 shall be considered
a portion of the floor below. Such mezzanines shall
not contribute to the building area as regulated by
780 CMR 503.2. Such mezzanines shall not
contribute to the number of stories as regulated by
780 CMR 503.3. The area of the mezzanine shall be
included in determining the^re area.
505.2 Area limitation: The aggregate area of a
mezzanine or mezzanines within a room shall not
exceed Vz of the area of that room. The enclosed
portions of rooms shall not be included in a
determination of the size of the room in which the
mezzanine is located In determining the allowable
mezzanine area, the area of the mezzanine shall not
be included in the area of the room.
Exception: The aggregate area of mezzanines in
buildings and structures of Type 1 or 2
construction for special industrial occupancies in
accordance with 780 CMR 503.1.1 shall not
exceed % of the area of that room.
505.3 Egress: Each occupant of a mezzanine shall
have access to at least two independent means of
egress where such spaces require two means of
egress in accordance with 780 CMR 1017.2. Where
a stairway provides a means of exit access from a
mezzanine, the maximum travel distance required by
780 CMR 1017.2 shall be measured to the bottom of
the stairway.
505.4 Openness: A mezzanine shall be open and
unobstructed to the room in which such mezzanine
is located except for walls not more than 42 inches
(1067 mm) high, columns and posts
Exceptions
1 . Mezzanines or portions thereof are not required
to be open to the room in which the mezzanines
are located, provided that the occupant load of the
aggregate area of the enclosed space does not
exceed ten.
2 A mezzanine having two or more means of
egress is not required to be open to the room in
which the mezzanine is located, if at least one of
the means of egress provides direct access to an
exit from the mezzanine level.
780 CMR 506.0 AREA MODIFICATIONS
506.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR 506.0
shall modify the area limitations of Table 503 as
herein specified
506.2 Street frontage increase: Where a building or
structure has more than 25% of the building
perimeter fronting on a street or other unoccupied
space, the area limitations specified in Table 503
shall be increased 2% for each 1 % of such excess
frontage The unoccupied space shall be on the same
lot or dedicated for public use, shall not be less than
30 feet (9144 mm) in width and shall have access
from a street by a posted fire lane not less than 1 8
feet (5486 mm) in width.
506.3 Automatic sprinkler system: Where a
building, other than those with an occupancy in Use
Group H-l. H-2 or H-3, is equipped throughout with
an automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1. the area
limitation specified in Table 503 shall be increased
200% for one-and two-story buildings and 100%
for buildings more than two stories in height.
506.4 Multistory buildings: The area limitations
for buildings two stories in height shall be the same
as the area limitations provided in Table 503 for
one-story buildings. In buildings over two stories in
height, the area limitations of Table 503 for one-
story buildings shall be reduced as specified in Table
506.4.
116
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
GENERAL BUILDING LIMITATIONS
Table 506.4
REDUCTION OF AREA LIMITATIONS
Number of
Type of Construction
stories
1A&1B
2A
2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 4, 5A.
5B
1
None
None
None
2
None
None
None
3
None
5%
20%
4
None
10%
20%
5
None
15%
30%
6
None
20%
40%
7
None
25%
50%
8
None
30%
60%
9
None
35%
70%
10
None
40%
80%
780 CMR 507.0 UNLIMITED AREAS
507.1 One-story buildings: For all occupancies
other than Use Groups A-l. A-2, A-4, A-5, E, H, I-i,
1-3 and R the area of buildings that do not exceed
one story and 85 feet (25908 mm) in height, other
than buildings of Type 5 construction, shall not be
limited, provided that the building is equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2. 1 : and the building
is isolated as specified in 780 CMR 507.2. Buildings
with an occupancy in Use Group 1-2 shall not be
constructed of Type 3B construction. Except as
modified by 780 CMR 9, fire areas of Use Group E
are permitted in unlimited area buildings in
accordance with 780 CMR 507.1.1. Except as
modified by 780 CMR 9, fire areas of Use Groups
H-2, H-3 and H-4 are permitted in unlimited area
buildings in accordance with 780 CMR 507.1.2.
Exceptions:
1. Buildings and structures of special industrial
occupancies in accordance with 780 CMR 503. 1 . 1
shall be exempt from the above height limitations
and fire separation distance requirements, and the
automatic fire suppression system shall not be
provided where such installations will be
detrimental or dangerous to the specific
occupancy as approved by the code official
Where located with afire separation distance of
less than 30 feet (9144 mm), the exterior walls of
such buildings shall be protected or constructed to
provide a fireresistance rating of not less than two
hours.
2. An automatic fire suppression system shall not
. be required for buildings of Type 2 or Type 4
construction which are occupied exclusively for
the storage of noncombustible materials that are
not packed or crated in combustible materials
3. Buildings and structures of Types 1 and 2
construction for rack storage facilities which do
not have access by the public shall not be limited
in height provided that such buildings conform to
the requirements of 780 CMR 507.1 and NFiPA
23 1 C listed in Appendix A.
4. The automatic sprinkler system shall not be
required in areas occupied for indoor participant
sports, such as tennis, skating, swimming and
equestrian activities, in occupancies in Use Group
A-3 provided that:
4.1. Exit doors directly to the outside are
provided for all occupants of the participant
sport areas; and
4.2. The building is equipped with a fire
protective signaling system with manual fire
alarm boxes installed in accordance with
780 CMR 917.0.
5. Bulk Merchandi&ng Retail Buildings are
permitted to be constructed and operated as
unlimited area buildings in accordance with
780 CMR 426.0
507.1.1 School buildings: For occupancies in Use
Group E. one-story buildings of Type 2, 3 A or 4
construction shall not be limited in area where a
direct exit to the outside of the building is
provided from each classroom and the building is
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1
Exterior walls on all sides of such buildings shall
comply with 780 CMR 507.2.
507.1.2 High-hazard use groups Use Group H-
2. H-3 and H-4 fire areas shall be permitted in
occupancies in Use Groups F and S except as
modified by 780 CMR 9, and in lecture halls and
laboratories in Use Groups A-3. B, E and 1-2 in
accordance with the limitations of 780 CMR
507.1. Fire areas located at the perimeter of the
building shall not exceed the area limitations
specified in Table 503 as modified by 780 CMR
506.2, based upon the percentage of the perimeter
of the fire area that fronts on a street or other
unoccupied space. Interior fire areas shall not
exceed 25% of the area limitations specified in
Table 503. Fireresistance rating requirements of
fire separation assemblies shall be in accordance
with Table 313.1.2.
507.2 Exterior walls: The minimum fireresistance
rating of exterior walls of one-story buildings of
unlimited area shall be determined by the use group
and the fire separation distance as specified in Table
507.2, but shall not be less than the fireresistance
rating required by Table 602 for the type of
construction. The entire perimeter of one-story
unlimited area buildings shall have a minimum fire
separation distance of 30 feet (9144 mm)
Exception: The minimum fire separation
distance of 30 feet (9144 mm) shall not apply to
a wall facing another building on the same lot,
provided that:
9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition
117
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
1 . Such wall is constructed as a fire wall in
accordance with 780 CMR 707.0;
2. The length of the fire wall does not exceed
25% of the total perimeter of the unlimited area
building;
3. The adjacent building has a minimum fire
separation distance of 30 feet (9144 mm) on
all sides, except for the side that faces the
unlimited area building, and
4. The adjacent building is equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system
in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1.
507.2.1 Opening protective: Openings in
exterior walls required by Table 507.2 to have a
fire resistance rating of three hours or more shall
be protected with fire assemblies having a fire
resistance rating of not less than three hours.
Openings in exterior walls required by Table
507.2 to have a fire resistance rating of two hours
shall be protected with fire assemblies having a
fire protection rating of not less than 1 'A hours.
Table 507.2
MINIMUM FIRE RESISTANCE RATING
OF EXTERIOR WALLS
Use Group
Fireresistance rating (hours) based on
fire separation distance
30 Feet or greater but
less than 50 feet
50 feet or
greater
E
VA
A-3, B, F-2, 1-2, S-2
F-l.M. S-l
2
3
Note a 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
118
780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
CHAPTER 6
TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
780 CMR 601.0 GENERAL
601.1 Scope: The provisions 780 CMR 6 shall
control the classification of all buildings as to type
of construction
601.2 Application of other laws: The provisions of
780 CMR 6 shall not be deemed to nullify any
provisions of the zoning law or any other statute of
the jurisdiction pertaining to the location or type of
construction of buildings, except as is specifically
required by the provisions of 780 CMR.
601.3 Hospitals: Pursuant to M. G.L. c. Ill, § 51,
hospitals other than college and school infirmaries
shall be constructed of at least Type 1-B
construction.
780 CMR 602.0 CONSTRUCTION
CLASSIFICATION
602.1 General: All buildings and structures erected
or to be erected, altered or extended in height or
area shall be classified in one of the five
construction types defined in Table 602 and
780 CMR 603.0 through 606.0
602.2 False designation: A building shall not be
designated as a given type of construction unless it
conforms to the minimum requirements for that type.
602.3 Minimum requirements: Where a type of
construction is used that is superior to the minimum
herein required for any specified use, height and area
of the building, nothing in 780 CMR shall be
construed to require full compliance with the
specifications for the higher type; but the designated
construction classification of the building shall be
that of the lesser type, unless all of the requirements
for the higher type are fulfilled.
602.4 Noncombustibility requirements: Where a
structure or a part of a structure is required to be
constructed of noncombustible construction, the use
of combustible elements shall be permitted subject
to the limitations of 780 CMR 602.0 without altering
the construction classification.
602.4.1 Roofs, floors and wails: Combustible
elements in roofs, floors and walls are permitted
to be used for the following components:
1. Interior finish and trim materials as
regulated by 780 CMR 803.0, 804.0 and 806.0.
2. Light-transmitting plastics as permitted by
780 CMR 26.
3 . Fireretardant-treated wood complying with
780 CMR 2310.0 as permitted by Table 602.
4. Mastics and caulking materials applied to
provide flexible seals between components of
exterior wall construction.
5. Roof covering materials as regulated by
780 CMR 15.
6 Thermal and sound insulation as permitted
by 780 CMR 707.4.722.0. 1509.0. 2309.4 and
2603.0.
7. Exterior veneer and trim as permitted by
780 CMR 1406.0.
8. Nailing or furring strips as permitted by
780 CMR 804.0.
9. Windows and doors as permitted bv
780 CMR 706.4.
10. Heavy timber as permitted by 780 CMR
1006.3.1, 714.2 and 714.4
11. Partitions as permitted by 780 CMR 603.2.
12. Roof structures as permitted by 780 CMR
1510.0.
13. Platforms as permitted by 780 CMR
412.4.1.
602.4.2 Ducts: The use of nonmetallic ducts is
permitted in accordance with the mechanical code
listed in Appendix A.
602.4.3 Piping: The use of combustible piping
materials is permitted in accordance with the
mechanical and plumbing codes listed in
Appendix A.
602.4.4 Electrical: The use of insulated electrical
wiring and related components is permitted in
accordance with NFiPA 70 listed in Appendix A
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
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119
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Table 602
FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS OF STRUCTURE ELEMENTS
Tvpe ot construction 780 CMR 602.0
Noncombustible
Noncombustible/Combustible
Combustible
Type!
780 CMR
603.0
Type 2
780 CMR 603.0
Type 3
780 CMR 604.0
Type 4
780 CMR
605.0
Type 5
780 CMR 606.0
Structure element
Protected
Protected
Unprotected
Protected
Unprotected
Heavy timber
Notec
Protected
Unprotected
Note a
1A 1 IB
2A | 2B
2C
3A
3B
4
5A
5B
1 Exterior walls
Loadbearing
4 | 3
2 1 1 2 2 2 1
Mot less than the ratmg based on fire separation distance (see 780 CMR 705.2) -
Nonloadbearing
- Not less than the ratmg based on fire separation distance (see 780 CMR 705.2) -
2 Fire walls and party walls
(780 CMR 707.0)
4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2
-Not less than the fireresistance rating required bv Table 707. 1 -
Fire enclosure of
exits (780 CMR
1014.11,709.0
and Note b)
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3 Fire separation
assemblies (780
CMR 709.0)
Shafts (other than
exits) & elevator
hoistway (780
CMR 709, 710.0
& Note b)
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
Mixed use & fire
area separations
(780 CMR 31 3. 01
- Not less than the fireresistance ratmg required by Table 3 1 3. 1 .2 -
Other Separation
assemblies
(Note i)
-Noted -
1
1
1
1
1
4 Fire partitions
Exit access
corridors
(Note g)
- Not less then the fu
-Note d -
eresistanc
: ratmg requir
ed by 780 CM}
I 1011.4-
711.0)
Tenant spaces
separations (Note
1 ,1 |, |, |
-Note d -
1
1
i
5 Dwelling unit separations
(780 CMR 71 1.0, 713.0 & Notes f
-Noted -
I
1
1
i
1
6 Smoke barriers (780CMR 7 12.0&
Note g)
1
1
1
1
1
1
i
1
1
1
7 Other nonloadbearing partitions
|
-N
3ted-
8 Interior load-
bearing walls,
loadbearing par-
titions, col-
umns, girders,
Supporting more
than one floor
4
3
2
1 1
»
See
780 CMR
605.0
1
trusses (other
than roof truss-
es) & framing
(780 CMR
715.0)
Supporting one
floor only or a
roof only
3
2
VA
1
1
See
780 CMR
605.0
1
9 Structural members supporting wall
(780 CMR 71 5.0 & Note g)
3
2
1J4
1
j 1
-Not less than fireresi.
tance rating o
1
"wail supporte
1
d-
10 Floor construction including beams
(780 CMR 71 3.0 & Note h)
3
2
V/z
I
' i
1
See 780
CMR
605.0, Note c
1 1 Roof construc-
tion, including
beams, trusses
1 5' or less in
height to lowest
member
2
114
1
1
-N
otea -
See 780
CMR
605.0. Note c
1
and framing,
arches & roof
deck (780 CMR
714.0 & Notes
More than 1 5' but
less than 20' in
height to lowest
member
1
1
1 ! |
1 o:o
-Note d -
1 I
See
780 CMR
605.0
1
e.i)
20' or more in
height to lowest
member
| 1 | o i o i
-Note d - i !
J i i
See
780 CMR
1 605
! »
l
i o
1
120
780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/1 9 '97 (Effective 2/28/9"
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
Note a. For fireresistance rating requirements for structural membranes and assemblies which support other
fireresistance rated members or assemblies, see 780 CMR 715.1.
Note b. For reductions in the required fireresistance rating of exit and shaft enclosures, see 780 CMR 1014.11 and
710.3
Note c. For substitution of other structural materials for timber in T>pe 4 construction, see 780 CMR 2304.2.
Note d. For fire retardant-treated wood permitted in roof construction and nonloadbearing walls where the required
fireresistance rating is one hour or less, see 780 CMR 603.2 and 23 10.0.
Note e. For permitted uses of heavy timber in roof construction in buildings of Tvpes 1 and 2 construction, see
780 CMR 714.4.
Note f. For reductions in required fireresistance ratings of tenant separations and dwelling unit separations, see
780CMR 101 1.4 and 1011.4.1.
Note g. For exceptions to the required fireresistance rating of construction supporting exit access corridor walls, tencnt
separation walls in covered mall buildings, and smoke barriers, see 780 CMR 71 1.4 and 712.2.
Note h. For buildings having habitable or occupiable stories or basements below grade, see 780 CMR 1006.3.1.
Note i. Not less than the rating required by 780 CMR.
Note j. For Use Group R-3, see 780 CMR 3 10.5.
Note k. Fireresistance ratings are expressed in hours.
Note I. 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
780 CMR 603.0 TYPES 1 AND 2
CONSTRUCTION
603.1 General: Buildings and structures of Types 1
and 2 construction are those in which the walls,
partitions, structure elements, floors, ceilings, roofs
and exits are constructed of approved
noncombustible materials. Each structure element
shall not be less than the required fireresistance
rating specified in Table 602, except as otherwise
specifically provided for in 780 CMR. Buildings of
Types 1 and 2 construction shall be further classified
as Type 1A, IB, 2A, 2B or 2C. Fireretardant-
treatedwood shall only be used as specified in Table
602 and 780 CMR 23 10.0.
603.2 Interior partitions: In buildings or structures
of Types 1, 2 A and 2B construction, partitions of a
single thickness of wood or approved composite
panels, and glass or other approved materials of
similar combustible characteristics, are permitted to
subdivide rooms or spaces into offices, entries or
other similar compartments in all occupancies other
than Use Groups I and R, provided that such
partitions neither establish a corridor serving an
occupant load of more than 30 in areas occupied by
a single tenant nor exceed 5,000 square feet (465 m 2 )
between_/?re separation assemblies ox fire walls. The
maximum allowable compartment size shall be
increased to 7,500 square feet (700 m 2 ) where
subdivided with fireretardant-treated wood that
complies with 780 CMR 23 10.0.
780 CMR 6O4.0 TYPE 3 CONSTRUCTION
604.1 General: Buildings and structures of Type 3
construction are those in which: the exterior walls
are constructed of masonry or other approved
noncombustible materials; the interior structure
elements, loadbearing walls, partitions, floors and
roofs are constructed of any approved materials.
Each structure element shall have not less than the
required fireresistance rating specified in Table 602,
except as otherwise specifically provided for in
780 CMR. Buildings of Type 3 construction shall be
further classified as Type 3A or 3B.
780 CMR 605.0 TYPE 4 CONSTRUCTION
605.1 General: Buildings and structures of Type 4
construction are those in which the exterior walls are
constructed of approved noncombustible materials
and the interior structural members are of solid or
laminated wood without concealed spaces or the
loadbearing walls, partitions, floors and roofs are
constructed of any noncombustible materials
permitted by 780 CMR. Each structure element
shall have not less than the required fireresistance
rating specified in Table 602. The elements of
Type 4 construction shall comply with the
provisions of 780 CMR 2304.0.
780 CMR 606.0 TYPE 5 CONSTRUCTION
606.1 General: Buildings and structures of Type 5
construction are those in which the exterior walls,
loadbearing walls, partitions floors and roofs are
constructed of any approved materials. Each
structure element shall have not less than the
required fireresistance rating specified in Table 602.
Buildings of Type 5 construction shall be further
classified as Type 5A or 5B.
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
NON-TEXT PAGE
<
122 780 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
CHAPTER 7
FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION
780 CMR 701.0 GENERAL
701.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 7 shall
govern the design and installation of all materials
and methods of construction in respect to required
fireresistance rating and flameresistance, as
determined by the potential fire hazard of the use
and occupancy of the building or structure and the
location and function of all integral structural and
other fireresistive elements of the building; and the
installation of safeguards against the spread of fire to
and from adjoining structures.
701.2 Performance standards: The requirements of
780 CMR 7 shall constitute the minimum functional
performance standards for fire protection purposes;
and shall not be deemed to decrease or waive any
strength provisions or in any other manner decrease
the requirements of 780 CMR in respect to structural
safety.
701.3 Combustible materials: All materials and
forms of construction which develop the
fireresistance ratings required by 780 CMR shall be
acceptable for fireproofing and structural purposes,
except that combustible component materials in
structural units or structural assemblies shall be
limited in the types of construction specified in
780 CMR 603.0,604.0 and 605.0, and in 780 CMR
701.3.1.
701.3.1 Combustible components: Combustible
aggregates are permitted in gypsum concrete
mixtures approved for fireresistance rated
construction. Any approved component material
or admixture is permitted in assemblies that meet
the fireresistive test requirements of 780 CMR.
780 CMR 702.0 DEFINITIONS
702.1 General: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 7 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR have the meanings shown
herein.
Damper, fire. A damper arranged to seal off air flow
automatically through part of an air duct system,
so as to restrict the passage of heat. The fire
damper shall not be used as a smoke damper
unless the location lends itself to the dual purpose
(see 780 CMR 717.0).
Door assembly, fire. A combination of the fire door,
frame, hardware and other accessories which
together provide a specific degree of fire
protection to the opening (see 780 CMR 716.0).
Door, fire: A door and its assembly, so constructed
and assembled in place as to give protection
against the passage of fire (see 780 CMR 716.0).
Drafistopping: Building materials installed to
prevent the movement of air, smoke, gases and
flame to other areas of the building through large
concealed passages such as attic spaces and floor
assemblies with suspended ceilings or openweb
trusses (see 780 CMR 720,-0). —
Fire area: The aggregate floor area enclosed and
bounded by fire walls, exterior walls or fire
separation assemblies of a building (see
780 CMR 709.2).
Fire partition: A vertical assembly of materials
having protected openings and designed to restrict
the spread of fire (see 780 CMR 71 1 .0).
Fire protection rating: The time in hours, or
fractions thereof, that an opening protective
assembly will resist fire exposure as determined
by the test standard specified in 780 CMR (see
780 CMR 706.0,716.0 and 718.0).
Fire separation assembly: A horizontal or vertical
fireresistance rated assembly of materials having
protected openings, and designed to restrict the
spread of fire (see 780 CMR 709.0).
Fire separation distance: The distance in feet
measured from the building face to the closest
interior lot line, to the center-line of a street or
public way or to an imaginary line between two
buildings on the same property.
Fire window: A window constructed and glazed to
give protection against the passage of fire (see
780 CMR 718.0).
Fireresistance: That property of materials or their
assemblies which prevents or retards the passage
of excessive heat, hot gases or flames under
conditions of use.
Fireresistance rating The time in hours or fractions
thereof that materials or their assemblies will
resist fire exposure as determined by the fire test
specified in 780 CMR (see 780 CMR 704. 1.1).
Firestopping: Building materials installed to prevent
the movement of flame and gases to other areas
of a building through small concealed passages in
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
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123
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
building components such as floors walls and
stairs (see 780 CMR 720.0).
Protected construction: That in which all structural
members are constructed, chemically treated,
covered or protected so that the individual unit or
the combined assemblage of all such units has the
required fireresi stance rating specified for its
particular application in Table 602; and includes
protected combustible and protected
noncombustible construction.
Self-closing: As applied to a fire door or other
opening protective, means normally closed and
equipped with an approved device which will
insure closing after having been opened for use
(see 780 CMR 716.5).
Shaft. An enclosed space extending through one or
more stories of a building, connecting vertical
openings in successive floors, or floors and the
roof (see 780 CMR 710.0).
Single membrane penetration. An opening through
a single membrane (one side) of a fireresistance
rated wall, roof/ceiling or floor/ceiling assembly
made to accommodate pipes, tubes, conduits,
vents, wires, cables, electrical outlet boxes and
similar items (see 780 CMR 709.6.5).
Smoke barrier. A continuous membrane that will
resist the movement of smoke (see 780 CMR
712.0).
Smoke compartment: A space within a building
enclosed by smoke barriers or fire separation
assemblies on all sides, including top and bottom
(see 780 CMR 712.0).
Through-penetration protection system: Specific
building materials or assemblies of materials that
are designed and installed to prevent the spread of
fire through openings that are made in
fireresistance rated floors and walls to
accommodate through-penetrating items such as
pipes, tubes, conduits, vents, wires, cables and
similar items. The F rating indicates the period of
time that the through-penetration protection
system is capable of preventing the passage of
flame to the unexposed (nonfire) side of the
assembly in conjunction with an acceptable hose
stream test performance. The T rating indicates
the period of time that the through-penetration
protection system is capable of preventing the
passage of flame and a maximum individual
temperature rise of 325°F (163°C) above ambient
temperature on the unexposed (nonfire) side of
the assembly in conjunction with acceptable hose
stream test performance (see 780 CMR 707.7.2,
709.6.1 and 713.4.1).
Vertical opening: An opening through a floor or
roof.
Wall
Fire separation wall: A fireresistance rated
assembly of materials having protected
openings which is designed to restrict the
spread of fire (see 780 CMR 709.0).
Fire wall: A fireresistance rated wall having
protected openings, which restricts the
spread of fire and extends continuously from
the foundation to or through the roof (see
7S0 CMR 707.0).
Party wall: Kfire wall on an interior lot line
used or adapted for joint service between
two buildings (see 780 CMR 707.0).
780 CMR 703.0 CONSTRUCTION
DOCUMENTS
703.1 General: Construction documents for all
buildings shall designate the type of construction
and the fireresistance rating of all structure elements
as required by 780 CMR. The construction
documents shall include documentation or
supporting data substantiating all required
fireresistance ratings.
703.2 Penetrations: Construction documents for
buildings more than two stories in height shall
indicate where penetrations will be made for
electrical, mechanical, plumbing and communication
conduits, pipes and systems, and shall also indicate
the materials and methods for maintaining the
required structural integrity, fireresistance rating and
firestopping
780 CMR 704.0 FIRE TESTS
704.1 General: Building elements and assemblies
including loadbearing and nonloadbearing walls and
partitions, columns, girders, beams, slabs and floors
and roof assemblies, shall provide the minimum
fireresistance ratings specified in Table 602 for the
type of construction unless otherwise required by the
provisions of 780 CMR.
704.1.1 Fireresistance ratings: The
fireresistance ratings of building assemblies and
structural elements shall be determined in
accordance with the test procedures set forth in
ASTM El 19 listed in Appendix A, specific
methods as provided for herein, or shall be
determined in accordance with an approved
analytical method. Where an approved
analytical method is utilized to establish the
fireresistance rating of a structural element or
building assembly, the calculations shall be
based upon the fire exposure and acceptance
criteria specified in ASTM E 119 listed in
Appendix A.
Exception: In determining the fireresistance
rating of exterior loadbearing walls.
124
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION
compliance with the ASTM El 19 criteria for
unexposed surface temperature rise and
ignition of cotton waste due to passage of
flame or hot gases, is required only for a
period of time corresponding to the required
fireresistance rating of an exterior
nonloadbearing wall with the same fire
separation distance, and in a building of the
same use group. Where the fireresistance
rating determined in accordance with this
exception exceeds the fireresistance rating
determined in accordance with ASTM El 19
listed in Appendix A, the fire exposure time
period, water pressure and application
duration criteria for the hose stream test of
ASTM El 19 listed in Appendix A, shall be
based upon the fireresistance rating
determined in accordance with this
exception.
704.2 Alternative protection Where
documentation is submitted to the code official and
approved, fireresistive coverings or insulating
enclosing materials are not required for structural
framing elements. Such documentation shall show
that the structural integrity of structural framing
elements will not be reduced below a safe level by a
fire within the building or in an adjacent building
having a severity corresponding to the fireresistance
rating required for the elements through the
installation of heat shields, separations or other
approved means of protection.
704.3 Opening protectives: Opening protectives
shall include the fire door, fire shutter, fire M'indow
or fire damper and all required hardware, anchorage,
frames and sills necessary for the assembly
704.4 Combustibility tests: Where the behavior of
materials under exposure to fire is specified in
780 CMR the characteristics of materials shall be
determined by the tests and criteria set forth in
780 CMR 704.4.1. 704.4.1.1 and 704.4.1.2.
704.4.1 Tests: The tests indicated in 780 CMR
704.4.1.1 and 704.4.1.2 shall serve as criteria for
acceptance of building materials as set forth in
780 CMR 603.0, 604.0 and 605 governing the
combustibility of building materials in Types 1 .
2, 3 and 4 construction. The term
"noncombustible" does not apply to the flame
spread characteristics of interior finish or trim
materials. A material shall not be classified as a
noncombustible building construction material
which is subject to an increase in the
combustible or flame spread rating beyond the
limitations herein established through the effects
of age, moisture or other atmospheric conditions.
704.4.1.1 Elementary materials Materials
which are intended to be classified as
noncombustible shall be tested in accordance
with ASTM E136 listed in Appendix A.
Such materials shall be acceptable as
noncombustible materials when at least three
of four specimens tested conform to all of
the following criteria:
1 . The recorded temperature of the
surface and interior thermocouples shall
not at any time during the test rise more
than 54°F (30°C) above the furnace
temperature at the beginning of the test.
2. There shall not be flaming from the
specimen after the first 30 seconds.
3 If the weight loss of the specimen
during testing exceeds 50%, the recorded
temperature of the surface and interior
thermocouples shall not at any time
during the test rise above the furnace air
temperature at the beginning of the test.
and there shall not be flaming of the
specimen.
"704.4.1.2 Composite materials Materials
having a structural base of noncombustible
material as defined in 780 CMR 704.4.1.1.
with a surfacing not more than Vs inch thick
which has a flame spread rating not greater
than 50 when tested in accordance with
ASTM E84 listed in. Appendix A shall be
acceptable as noncombustible materials
780 CMR 705.0 EXTERIOR WALLS
705.1 General: All exterior walls shall comply with
the applicable provisions of 780 CMR and with the
fireresistance rating requirements of 780 CMR 705.0
and 780 CMR 602.0.
Exception: The provisions of 780 CMR 705.2
and 705.3 shall not apply to exterior walls which
face buildings on the same lot where the
buildings are such that, if combined into one
structure, the resulting building will otherwise
comply with the height and area limitations of
780 CMR 503.0 (see 780 CMR 503.1.3)
705.1.1 Omission of exterior walls: The
provisions of 780 CMR shall not be deemed to
prohibit the omission of exterior walls for all or
part of a story where the provisions of 780 CMR
705.2 do not require a nonloadbearing exterior
wall to provide a fireresistance rating, and where
the provisions of 780 CMR 705.3 and 705.4 do
not limit the maximum percentage of
unprotected openings. Except as otherwise
specifically permitted in 780 CMR 715.5. the
piers, columns and other structural elements
within the open portion shall be constructed with
the fireresistance rating required for exterior
loadbearing walls in Table 602.
705.1.2 Combustible exterior wall finish and
trim In addition to the requirements of
780 CMR 705.0, combustible materials installed
as exterior wall finish, half-timbering, balconies
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780 CMR - Sixth Edition
125
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
and similar appendages, bay and oriel windows
and light-transmitting plastic panels, shall meet
the applicable requirements of 780 CMR 1406.0,
2604.0, 2605.0 and 2606.0.
705.2 Fireresistance ratings: The fireresistance
rating of exterior walls shall comply with Table
705.2. Loadbearing exterior walls shall also comply
with the fireresistance rating requirements of
780 CMR 602.0. The fireresistance rating of
exterior walls with a fire separation distance of
greater than five feet (1524 mm) shall be rated for
exposure to fire from the inside. The fireresistance
rating of exterior walls with a fire separation
distance of five feet (1524 mm) or less shall be rated
for exposure to fire from both sides.
Table 705.2
EXTERIOR WALL FIRERESISTANCE
RATINGS
a
Use Group
Fire Separation
distance (feet)
H-2
F-l.H-3.
M, S-l
R-2
R-3
A, B. E, F-2,
H-4.I.R-1.
S-2
0to5
Greater than 5 to 10
Greater than 10 to 15
Greater Shan 15to 30
Greater than 30
4
3
2
1
2
1
1
1
'
1
1
Note a. For requirements for Use Group H-l, see
780 CMR 705.2.1.
Note b. Fireresistance ratings are expressed in hours
Notec. 1 foot -304.8 mm.
705.2.1 Use Group H-l: Buildings and
structures with an occupancy in Use Group H- 1
shall be located in accordance with the
requirements for the storage of explosives in the
fire prevention code listed in Appendix A. The
allowable quantities of Use Group H-l materials
shall be based on the TNT equivalency of the
materials The exterior finish surface of all
exterior walls in an occupancy in Use Group H- 1
shall be of approved noncombustible materials
or fireretardant-treated wood complying with
780 CMR 23 10.0 for exterior installation
705.2.2 Wall support: The wall shall extend to
the height required by 780 CMR 705.6, and shall
be supported such that the wall will remain in
place for the duration of time indicated by the
required fireresistance rating.
705.2.3 Automatic fire suppression: In
buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1. the required fireresistance
rating of nonloadbearing exterior walls shall be
reduced by one hour, except that where they?™?
separation distance is five feet (1524 mm) or
less, the fireresistance rating shall not be reduced
to less than one hour This reduction shall not
apply to occupancies in Use Group H.
705.2.4 Unexposed surface temperature
Where protected openings are not limited by
Table 705.3, the limitation on the rise of
temperature on the unexposed surface of exterior
walls as required by ASTM El 19 listed in
Appendix A shall not apply. Where protected
openings are limited by Table 705.3, the
limitation on the rise of temperature on the
unexposed surface of exterior walls as required
by ASTM El 19 listed in Appendix A shall not
apply provided that a correction is made for
radiation from the unexposed exterior wall
surface in accordance with the following
formula:
A, -A +(A f xFJ where
A e = Equivalent area of protected openings
A = Actual area of protected openings
A f = Area of exterior wall surface in the story
under consideration exclusive of openings, on
which the temperature limitations of ASTM
El 19 listed in Appendix A for walls is exceeded
¥ eo = An "equivalent opening factor"
derived from Figure 705.2.4 based on the
average temperature of the unexposed wall
surface and the fireresistance rating of the wall
required by 780 CMR 705.2.
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FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION
Figure 705.2.4
EQUIVALENT OPENING FACTOR
*00 600 800 t.KSO IWO 1.-S0O t.SOO
Average temperature of unexposed surface (degrees F)
705.3 Openings: The maximum area of unprotected
or protected openings permitted in an exterior wall
in any story shall not exceed the values set forth in
Table 705.3. Where both unprotected and protected
openings are located in the exterior wall in any
story, the total area of the openings shall comply
with the following formula:
<: 1.0
a
where:
A = Actual area of protected openings, or the
equivalent area of protected openings A e (see
780 CMR 705.2.4).
a = Allowable area of protected openings.
A„ = Actual area of unprotected openings.
<2 tf = Allowable area of unprotected openings.
Table 705.3
MAXIMUM AREA OF EXTERIOR WALL
OPENINGS 3
Classifi-
Fire separation distance (feet)
cation of
opening
Oto
3
>3
to 5
>5 to
io d
> 10 to
15 C ' d
> 15
to20 C
>20
to25 C
>25
to 30°
>30
Un-
protected
NP
NP b
10%
15%
25%
45%
70%
No
limit
Protected
NP
15%
25%
45%
75%
No
' imit
No
Limit
No
Limit
Note a. Values given are percentages of the area of the
exterior wall. This table assumes that the openings are
reasonably uniformly distributed. Where openings are
not reasonably uniformly distributed, the portion of the
wall utilized to calculate compliance with table 705.3
shall be approved.
Note b. For occupancies in Use Group R-3, the
maximum percentage of unprotected exterior wall
openings shall be 5%.
Note c. The area of openings in an open parking
structure with a fire separation distance of greater than
ten feet shall not be limited.
Note d. For occupancies in Use Group H-2 or H-3,
unprotected openings shall not be permitted for openings
with a fire separation distance of 15 feet or less.
Note e. One foot = 304.8 mm.
705.3.1 Automatic fire suppression: In
buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2. 1, the maximum allowable area
of unprotected openings in all occupancies other
than Use Groups H-l, H-2 and H-3 shall be the
same as the tabulated limitations for protected
openings.
705.3.2 First story: In all occupancies other
than Use Group H, unlimited unprotected
openings are permitted in the first story of
exterior walls facing a street which have a fire
separation distance of greater than 15 feet (4572
mm).
NP (Not permitted)
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705.4 Vertical separation of openings: Openings in
exterior walls in adjacent stories shall be separated
vertically to protect against fire spread on the
exterior of the buildings where the openings are
within five feet (1524 mm) of each other
horizontally and the opening in the lower story is not
a protected opening in accordance with 780 CMR
706.0. Such openings shall be separated vertically
at least three feet (914 mm) by spandrel girders,
exterior walls or other similar assemblies which
have a fireresistance rating of at least one hour or by
flame barriers which extend horizontally at least 30
inches (762 mm) beyond the exterior wall. Flame
barriers shall also have a fireresistance rating of at
least one hour. The unexposed surface temperature
limitations specified in ASTM El 19 listed in
Appendix A shall not apply to the flame barriers or
vertical separation unless otherwise required by the
provisions of 7S0 CMR.
Exceptions:
1 . 780 CMR 705.4 shall not apply to buildings
that are three stories or less in height.
2. 780 CMR 705.4 shall not apply to buildings
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1.
705.5 Vertical exposure: Approved protectives
shall be provided in every opening that is less than
15 feet (4572 mm) vertically above the roof of an
adjoining building or adjacent structure which is
within a horizontal fire separation distance of 1 5
feet (4572 mm) of the wall in which the opening is
located, unless such roof construction affords a
fireresistance rating of not less than one hour.
705.6 Continuity of exterior walls: Exterior walls
required to be fireresistance rated by 780 CMR
705.2 because of fire separation distance, shall be
continuous from the foundation to not less than 30
inches (762 mm) above the roof surface.
Exceptions:
1. Where the roof deck or sheathing is
constructed of approved noncombustible
materials cr of fireretardant-treated wood or of
Va-inch Type X gypsum board supported directly
beneath the underside of the roof sheathing or
deck, using minimum two-inch ledgers attached
to the sides of the roof framing members for a
minimum distance of four feet (1219 mm) from
the exterior wall, and where the roof covering
has a minimum of a Class C rating, the exterior
wall shall be permitted to stop at the underside
of the roof deck or sheathing.
2. Exterior walls in buildings not exceeding
1,000 square feet (93 m 3 ) in area.
3. Exterior walls of occupancies in Use Group
R-3.
4. Exterior walls of a building where the roof
has an angle of more than 20 degrees (0.35 rad)
with the horizontal.
780 CMR 706.0 EXTERIOR OPENING
PROTECTIVES
706.1 Where required: Exterior opening
protectives shall be provided in all exterior wall
openings that are required to be protected by
780 CMR 705.0.
706.2 Automatic protection: Approved fire
protective assemblies shall be fixed, self-closing or
equipped with approved automatic-closing devices
and shall conform to the requirements of 780 CMR
706.0 and 780 CMR 702.0, 716.0,717.0, 718.0 and
719.0.
Exception: Fire protective assemblies are not
required where outside automatic sprinklers are
installed for the protection of the exterior
openings. The sprinklers shall be installed in
accordance with NFiPA 13 listed in Appendix A,
and shall have an automatic water supply and be
provided with a fire department connection.
706.3 Fireresistance rating: Exterior openings
required to be protected by 780 CMR 705.3, when
located in a wall required by 780 CMR 705.2 to
have a fireresistance rating of greater than one hour,
shall be protected with an assembly having afire
protection rating of not less than V/z hours. Exterior
openings required to be protected by 780 CMR
705.3, when located in a wall required by 780 CMR
705.2 to have a fireresistance rating of one hour,
shall be protected with an assembly having afire
protection rating of not less than 2 A hour. Exterior
openings required to be protected by 780 CMR
705.4 or 705.5 shall be protected with an assembly
having a fire protection rating of not less than 3 A
hour.
706.4 Unprotected openings: Where protected
openings are not required by 780 CMR 705.0,
windows and doors shall be constructed of any
approved materials. Glazing shall conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 14, 24 and 26.
780 CMR 707.0 FIRE WALLS
AND PARTY WALLS
707.1 General: Walls shall have sufficient rtructural
stability under fire conditions to allow collapse of
construction on either side without collapse of the
wall, and shall be constructed of any approved
noncombustible materials that provide the required
strength and fireresistance rating specified in Table
602 for the type of construction, but not less than the
fireresistance rating of the use group specified in
Table 707.1. Strength and stability shall comply
with the provisions of 780 CMR 14 and 16.
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FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION
Table 707.1
FIRE AND PARTY WALL
FIRERESISTANCE RATINGS
Use Group
Minimum Fireresistance
rating (hours)
A-3, A-4, A-5, B, E, F-2,
H-4, 1-1,1-2, R.S-2
2
A-1,A-2,F-1,H-3,I-3,M, 3
S-l
H-2
4
Note a. For requirements for Use Group H-l, see 780
CMR 707. 1.1.
707.1.1 Use Group H-l: Occupancies in Use
Group H-l shall not be located in a building that:
is more than one story in height, has a basement,
or is attached to another building. An occupancy
in any use group other than H-l shall not be
located in a building with an occupancy in Use
Group H-l.
Exception: The story above grade, where
provided with barricaded construction in
accordance with the fire prevention code
listed in Appendix A, shall not be considered
a basement.
707.2 Cutting wails: A wall that is eight inches or
less in thickness shall not be cut for chases or
socketed for insertion of structural members
subsequent to erection (see 780 CMR 2109.1.1).
707.3 Hollow walls: The wall shall not be less than
the minimum thickness specified in ACI 530/ASCE
5/TMS 402 listed in Appendix A.
707.4 Combustible insulation: The code official
shall permit the application of cork, fiberboard or
other combustible insulation where laid up without
intervening air spaces and attached directly to the
face of the wall, and where protected on the exposed
surface as provided for in 780 CMR 722.0 and
2309.1.
707.5 Continuity of walls: In all buildings or
structures, walls shall be continuous from foundation
to two feet eight inches (813 mm) above the roof
surface, except as provided for in 780 CMR 707.5. 1
through 707.5.3. Fire walls shall be made smoke
tight at their junction with exterior walls. In exterior
wall construction employing studs, the wall shall
extend through the stud space to the exterior
sheathing.
707.5.1 Noncombustible roofs: The wall is
permitted to terminate at the underside of the
roof deck where the roof is of approved
noncombustible construction and is properly
firestopped at the wall.
707.5.2 Combustible roofs: The wall is
permitted to terminate at the underside of the
roof deck in Types 3, 4 and 5 construction where
all of the following conditions are met:
1. The wall is properly firestopped at the
deck.
2. The roof sheathing or deck is constructed
of approved noncombustible materials or of
fireretardant-treated wood, for a distance of
four feet (1219 mm) on both sides of the
wall, or such roof sheathing or deck is
constructed with 5 /s-inch Type X gypsum
board supported directly beneath the
underside of the roof sheathing or deck,
using minimum two-inch ledgers attached to
the sides of the roof framing members, for a
minimum distance of four feet (1219 mm) on
both sides of ihe fire wall.
3. Combustible material does not extend
through the wall.
4. The roof covering has a minimum of a
Class C rating.
707.5.3 Noncombustible frame: The wall shall
not be supported on the structural frame in
buildings of noncombustible construction unless
such supporting frame has a fireresistance rating
at least equal to that required for the wall.
707.6 Offset fire walls: Where fire walls are offset
at intermediate floor levels in protected skeleton-
frame construction, the offset floor construction and
the intermediate wall supports shall be constructed
of approved noncombustible materials with a
fireresistance rating not less than that required for
the fire wall.
707.7 Penetrations: Penetrations through fire walls
shall meet the limitations specified in 7S0 CMR
707.7.1 through 707.7.4.
707.7.1 Combustible framing: In addition to
the provisions of 780 CMR 2305.6, adjacent
combustible members entering into a masonry
fire wall from opposite sides shall not have less
than a four-inch (102 mm) distance between
embedded ends. Where combustible members
frame into hollow walls or walls of hollow units,
all hollow spaces shall be solidly filled for the
full thickness of the wall and for a distance not
less than four inches (102 mm) above, below and
between the structural members, with
noncombustible materials approved for
firestopping in accordance with 780 CMR 720.0.
707.7.2 Noncombustible penetrations: Cables
and wires without combustible jackets or
insulation, and noncombustible pipes, tubes,
conduits and vents which penetrate afire wall
shall be tested in accordance with ASTM El 19
listed in Appendix A as part of a rated assembly,
or shall be protected by an approved through-
penetration protection system that has been
tested in accordance with ASTM E814 listed in
Appendix A, or the annular space around the
penetrating item shall be protected in accordance
with 780 CMR 707.8.
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
The through-penetration protection system
shall be tested in accordance with ASTM E814
listed in Appendix A, with a minimum positive
pressure differential of 0.01 inch of water
column (2.5 P) and shall have an "F" rating of
not less than the required rating of the wall
penetrated.
707.7.3 Combustible penetrations: Cables and
wires with combustible jackets or insulation, and
combustible pipes, tubes and conduits which
penetrate afire wall shall be tested in accordance
with ASTM El 19 listed in Appendix A as part of
a fireresistance rated assembly or shall be
protected by an, approved through-penetration
protection system that has been tested in
accordance with ASTM E814 listed in
Appendix A.
The through-penetration protection system
shall be tested in accordance with ASTM E814
listed in Appendix A, with a minimum positive
pressure differential of 0.01 inch of water
column (2.5 P) and shall have an "F" rating of
not less than the required rating of the assembly
penetrated.
707.7.4 Electrical outlet boxes: Openings for
steel electrical outlet boxes that do not exceed 1 6
square inches (10323 mm 2 ) in area are permitted
provided that the area of such openings does not
exceed 100 square inches (64516 mm 2 ) for any
100 square feet (9.3 m 2 ) of wall area. Outlet
boxes on opposite sides of the wall shall be
separated by a horizontal distance of not less
than 24 inches (610 mm).
Exception: Openings for electrical outlet
boxes of any material are permitted provided
that such boxes are tested for use in
fireresistance rated assemblies and installed
in accordance with the tested assembly.
707.8 Annular space protection: Where permitted
by 780 CMR 707.7.2 for noncombustible penetrating
items, the annular space between the penetrating
item and the fireresistance rated assembly being
penetrated shall be protected as specified in
780 CMR 707.8. 1 and 707.8.2.
707.8.1 Material: The material used to fill the
annular space shall comply with 780 CMR
707.8.1.1 or 707.8. 1.2.
707.8.1.1 Concrete or masonry assemblies:
Penetrations of concrete or masonry
assemblies by a maximum six-inch nominal
diameter copper, iron or steel pipe, tube,
conduit or wires and cables with steel jackets
shall be permitted provided that the
maximum opening size is 144 square inches
(0.09 m 2 ) and the penetration is protected
with concrete, grout or mortar for the full
thickness of the assembly or the thickness
required to provide a fireresistance rating
equivalent to the required fireresistance
rating of the assembly penetrated.
707.8.1.2 All assemblies: In all assemblies
the material shall prevent the passage of
flame and hot gases sufficient to ignite
cotton waste when subjected to the time-
temperature fire conditions of ASTM El 19
listed in Appendix A, under a minimum
positive pressure differential of 0.01 inch of
water column (2.5 P) at the location of the
penetration for the time period equivalent to
the required fireresistance rating of the
assembly penetrated.
707.8.2 Sleeves: Where sleeves are installed, the
sleeves shall be noncombustible and shall be
securely fastened to the assembly penetrated.
All space between the item contained in the
sleeve and the sleeve itself, and any space
between the sleeve and the assembly penetrated,
shall be filled with a material that complies with
780 CMR 707.8.1.
780 CMR 708.0 FERE WALL OPENINGS
708.1 General: Openings in fire walls shall not
exceed the limitations in size and area herein
prescribed.
708.2 Size of opening: Each opening through afire
wall shall not exceed 120 square feet (11.16 m 2 ).
The aggregate width of all openings at any floor
level shall not exceed 25% of the length of the wall.
Exception: Openings shall not be limited to 120
square feet (11.16 m 2 ) where both buildings are
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system installed in accordance with780 CMR 9.
708.2.1 First story: Where the entire first-story
floor areas on both sides of a fire wall are
equipped throughout with an approved
automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1, the
maximum allowable size of openings on the first
story of the building shall not exceed 240 square
feet (22.32 m 2 ) with a minimum distance of three
feet (914 mm) between adjacent openings.
708.3 Opening protectives: All opening protectives
in fire walls shall comply with the provisions of
780 CMR 704.0 and shall have the minimum fire
protection rating as set forth in 780 CMR 716.0.
780 CMR 709.0 FERE SEPARATION
ASSEMBLIES
709.1 General: Fire separation assemblies installed
for purposes of the enclosure of exits, floor
openings, shafts, areas of refuge and for subdividing
purposes shall be constructed of approved materials
consistent with the limitations for the building type
of construction and shall have not less than the
fireresistance rating prescribed by Table 602.
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FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION
709.2 Fire area: Afire separation assembly which
separates adjacent fire areas shall have a
fireresistance rating of not less than the
fireresistance rating required by Table 3 13. 1.2 based
on the use group of the fire areas which are
separated.
709.3 Openings: Openings located in a fire
separation assembly shall be limited to a maximum
aggregate width of 25% of the length of the wall,
and the maximum area of any single opening shall
not exceed 120 square feet (1 1 m 2 ). Openings in exit
enclosures, other than unexposed exterior openings,
shall be limited to those necessary for exit access to
the enclosure from normally occupied spaces and for
egress from the enclosure.
Exception: Openings shall not be limited to 120
square feet (11 m : ) where adjoining fire areas
are equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system installed in accordance with
780 CMR 9.
709.3.1 Protectives: .All opening protectives in
fire separation assemblies shall comply with the
provisions of 780 CMR 704.0 and shall have the
minimum fire protection rating as set forth in
780 CMR 716.0.
709.4 Continuity: All vertical fire separation
assemblies shall extend from the top of the
fireresistance rated floor/ceiling assembly below to
the underside of the floor or roof slab or deck above
and shall be securely attached thereto. These walls
shall be continuous through all concealed spaces
such as the space above a suspended ceiling. The
supporting construction shall be protected to afford
the required fireresistance rating of the fire
separation assembly supported. All hollow vertical
spaces shall be firestopped at every floor level as
required in 780 CMR 720.0.
709.5 Exterior walls: Except as provided for in
780 CMR 1014.11.1 and 1014.12.2, where exterior
walls serve as a part of a required fireresistance rated
enclosure, such walls shall comply with the
requirements of 780 CMR 705.0 for exterior walls
and the fireresistance rated enclosure requirements
shall not apply.
709.6 Penetrations: Penetrations through
fireresistance rated wall assemblies shall meet the
limitations specified in 780 CMR 709.6.1 through
709.6.5. Penetrations through floor/ceiling and
roof/ceiling assemblies shall comply with 780 CMR
713 0. Penetrations of an exit enclosure shall also
comply with 780 CMR 1014.11.2.
709.6.1 Noncombustible penetrations: Cables
and wires without combustible jackets or
insulation, and noncombustible pipes, tubes,
conduits and vents which penetrate an assembly
shall be tested in accordance with ASTM El 19
listed in Appendix A as part of a rated assembly,
or shall be protected by an approved through-
penetration protection system that has been
tested in accordance with ASST. E814 listed in
Appendix A, or the annular space around the
penetrating item shall be protected in accordance
with 780 CMR 709.7.
The through-penetration protection system
shall be tested in accordance with ASTM E814,
with a minimum positive pressure differential of
0.01 inch of water column (2.5 P) and shall have
an "F" rating of not less than the required rating
of the assembly penetrated.
709.6.2 Combustible penetrations: Cables and
wires with combustible jackets or insulation, and
combustible pipes, tubes, conduits and vents
which penetrate an assembly shall be tested in
accordance with ASTM El 19 listed in Appendix
A as part of a fireresistance rated assembly or
shall be protected by an approved through-
penetration protection system that has been
tested in accordance with ASTM E814 listed in
Appendix A.
The through-penetration protection system
shall be tested in accordance with ASTM E814
with a minimum positive pressure differential of
0.01 inch of water column (2.5 P) and shall have
an "F" rating of not less than the required rating
of the assembly penetrated.
709.6.3 Electrical outlet boxes: Openings for
steel electrical outlet boxes that do not exceed 16
square inches (10323 mm 2 ) in area are permitted
provided that the area of such openings does not
exceed 100 square inches (64516 mm 2 ) for any
100 square feet (9.3 rrr) of enclosure wall area.
Outlet boxes on opposite sides of the assembly
shall be separated by a horizontal distance of not
less than 24 inches (610 mm).
Exception: Openings for electrical outlet
boxes of any material are permitted provided
that such boxes are tested for installation in
fireresistance rated assemblies and installed
in accordance with the tested assembly.
709.6.4 Ducts: Ducts that penetrate an assembly
shall be provided with approved fire dampers
that comply with 780 CMR 717.0.
Exception: Fire dampers are not required:
1 . In steel exhaust air subducts extending at
least 22 inches (559 mm) vertically in an
exhaust shaft and where there is a continuous
airflow upward to the outside.
2. In penetrations tested in accordance with
ASTM El 19 listed in Appendix A as a part
of the fireresistance rated assembly.
3 In penetrations of walls with a required
one-hour fireresistance rating or less by a
ducted HVAC system in areas of other than
Use Group H where the building is equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler
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131
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
system in accordance with 780 CMR
906.2.1.
4. In garage exhaust or supply shafts which
are separated from all other building shafts
by not less than a two-hour fireresistance
rated fire separation assembly.
709.6.5 Single membrane penetrations:
Openings to accommodate noncombustible
conduits, pipes and tubes through a single
membrane that is an integral component of a
fireresistance rated wall assembly shall be
permitted provided that the aggregate area of all
such openings does not exceed 100 square
inches (64516 mm 2 ) in any 100 square feet (9.3
m 2 ) of wall area and the openings zrtfirestopped
with approved noncombustible materials.
709.7 Annular space protection: Where permitted
by 780 CMR 709.6.1 for noncombustible penetrating
items, the annular space between the penetrating
item and the fireresistance rated assembly being
penetrated shall be protected as specified in
780 CMR 709.7. 1 through 709.7.3.
709.7.1 Materials: The material used to fill the
annular space shall comply with 780 CMR
709.7.1.1 or 709.7.1.2.
709.7.1.1 Concrete or masonry assemblies:
Penetrations of concrete or masonry
assemblies by a maximum six-inch nominal
diameter copper, iron or steel pipe, tube,
conduit or wires and cables with steel jackets
shall be permitted provided that the
maximum opening size is 144 square inches
(0.09 m 2 ) and the penetration is protected
with concrete, grout or mortar for the full
thickness of the assembly or the thickness
required to provide a fireresistance rating
equivalent to the required fireresistance
rating of the assembly penetrated.
709.7.1.2 All assemblies: In all assemblies,
the material shall prevent the passage of
flame and hot gases sufficient to ignite
cotton waste when subjected to the time-
temperature fire conditions of ASTM El 19
listed in Appendix A under a minimum
positive pressure differential of 0.01 inch of
water column (2.5 P) at the location of the
penetration for the time period equivalent to
the required fireresistance rating of the
assembly penetrated.
709.7.2 Sleeves: Where sleeves are installed, the
sleeves shall be noncombustible and shall be
securely fastened to the assembly penetrated.
All space between the item contained in the
sleeve and the sleeve itself and any space
between the sleeve and the assembly penetrated
shall be filled with a material that complies with
780 CMR 709.7.1.
709.7.3 Insulation: Insulation and coverings on
the penetrating item shall not pass through the
assembly unless these materials maintain the
required fireresistance rating of the assembly in
accordance with 780 CMR 709.6.2.
780 CIMR 710.0 VERTICAL SHAFTS
710.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR 710.0
shall apply to all vertical shafts where such shafts
are required to protect openings and penetrations
through floor/ceiling and roof/ceiling assemblies as
required by 780 CMR 713.3 and 713.4.
710.2 Construction: The shaft and the shaft
enclosure shall be constructed of materials permitted
by 780 CMR 602.0 for the type of construction of
the building. Shaft walls which are exterior walls
shall be constructed of materials approved for
exterior walls in accordance with 780 CMR 14.
710.3 Fireresistance rating: A shaft shall be
enclosed W\i\\fire separation assemblies complying
with 780 CMR 709.0 having a fireresistance rating
of not less than two hours where a shaft connects
four stories or more and one hour where connecting
less than four stories. A shaft enclosure shall have
a fireresistance rating of not less than the required
rating of the floor assembly penetrated but shall not
be required to exceed two hours.
Exception: The fireresistance rating of interior
stairway enclosures shall comply with 780 CMR
1014.11.
710.3.1 Openings in shaft enclosures:
Openings other than those necessary for the
purpose of the shaft shall not be permitted in
shaft enclosures. Openings in shaft enclosures
shall be protected with approved opening
protectives in accordance with 780 CMR 706.0,
716.0, 717.0 and 718.0.
710.4 Top enclosure: A shaft that does not extend
to the underside of the roof deck of the building shall
be enclosed at the top with a fire separation
assembly having a fireresistance rating of not less
than that required for the shaft enclosure walls.
710.5 Bottom enclosure: Shafts which do not
extend to the bottom of the building shall be
enclosed at the lowest level with afire separation
assembly having a fireresistance rating of not less
than that required for the shaft enclosure walls, or
shall terminate in a room having an occupancy
related to the purpose of the shaft. The room shall
be separated from the remainder of the building by
fire separation assemblies having a fireresistance
rating with opening protectives of not less than that
required for the shaft enclosure.
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FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION
Exceptions:
1 . The fireresistance rated room separation is
not required provided that there are not any
openings in or penetrations through the shaft
enclosure to the remainder of the building except
at the bottom. The bottom of the shaft shall be
closed off around the penetrating items with
materials permitted by 780 CMR 720.3 for
draftstoppmg, or the room shall be equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system
installed in accordance with 780 CMR 9.
2. The fireresistance rated room separation and
protection at the bottom of the shaft are not
required where there are not any combustible
materials in the shaft and where there are not any
openings in or other penetrations through the
shaft enclosure to the remainder of the building.
780 CMR 711.0 FIRE PARTITIONS
711.1 General: Fire partitions shall be constructed
of the types of materials and have the minimum
fireresistance rating as prescribed by Table 602 for
the type of construction.
Exception: Dwelling unit separations in
buildings of Types 2C, 3B and 5B construction
shall have fireresistance ratings of not less than
Vi hour in buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1 or 780 CMR 906.2.2,
provided that sprinklers are installed in all
closets located against tenant separation walls
and in all bathrooms.
711.2 Corridor walls and tenant and dwelling
unit separations: Wall assemblies that are installed
as required by Table 602 for corridor walls, to
separate tenant spaces and to separate dwelling units,
shall be fire partitions.
711.3 Protectives: All opening protectives in fire
partitions shall comply with the provisions of
780 CMR 704.0 and shall have the minimum
fireresistance rating as set forth in 780 CMR 716.0
711.4 Continuity: All fire partitions shall extend
from the top of the floor assembly below to the
underside of the floor/roof slab or deck above or to
the fireresistance rated floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling
assembly above, and shall be securely attached
thereto The supporting construction shall be
protected to afford the required fireresistance rating
of the wall supported, except for exit access corridor
walls in buildings of Types 2C, 3B and 5B
construction and tenant separation walls in covered
mall buildings of Type 2C construction All hollow
vertical spaces shall be firestopped at every floor
level as required in 780 CMR 720.0.
711.5 Exterior walls: Where exterior walls serve as
a part of a required fireresistance rated enclosure.
such walls shall comply with the requirements of
780 CMR 705.0 for exterior walls and the
fireresistance rated enclosure requirements shall not
apply.
711.6 Penetrations: Penetrations through
assemblies shall comply with 780 CMR 709.6
through 780 CMR 709.7.3.
Exception: In occupancies in other than Use
Group H, fire dampers are not required:
1 . At penetrations of tenant separation and
corridor walls in buildings equipped throughout
with an automatic sprinkler system in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1.
2. At penetrations of corridor walls where the
ducts are constructed of steel and do not have
openings which communicate the corridor with
adjacent spaces or rooms
780 CMR 712.0 SMOKE BARRIERS
712.1 Where required: Smoke barriers shall be
provided as required in 780 CMR 409 4 for
occupancies in Use Group 1-2 and 780 CMR 410.6
for occupancies in Use Group 1-3.
712.2 Construction: Smoke barriers shall have a
fireresistance rating of not less than one hour. Such
barriers shall form an effective membrane
continuous from outside wall to outside wall and
from floor slab to floor or roof deck above, including
continuity through all concealed spaces, such as the
space above suspended ceilings, and including
interstitial structural and mechanical spaces.
Transfer grilles, whether equipped with fusible link-
operated dampers or not, shall not be installed in
these partitions The supporting construction shall
be protected to afford the required fireresistance
rating of the wall supported in buildings of other
than Types 2C, 3B and 5B construction.
Exceptions:
1 . Smoke barriers are not required in interstitial
spaces where such spaces are designed and
constructed with ceilings that provide resistance
to the passage of fire and smoke equivalent to
that provided by the smoke barriers.
2. Smoke barriers in occupancies in Use Group
1-3 are permitted to be constructed of nominal
0. 10-inch-thick steel plate
712.3 Doors: Doorways separating corridors in
adjoining smoke compartments shall be equipped
with a pair of swinging-type doors, each swinging in
a direction opposite from the other, and the
minimum width of each door leaf shall be 44 inches
(1118 mm) for corridors utilized for the movement
of beds and 34 inches (864 mm) for other corridors.
Other doors in smoke barriers shall be of the
swinging type of required width.
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133
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Exceptions:
1. Horizontal sliding doors that comply with
780 CMR 410.0 are permitted in smoke barriers
in occupancies in Use Group 1-3
2. Horizontal sliding doors that comply with
780 CMR 1017.4.4.
712.4 Opening protectives: Doors in smoke barriers
shall have a fire protection rating of not less than 20
minutes in accordance with 780 CMR 716.0
Double means of egress corridor doors shall have
vision panels of '/i-inch-tnick labeled wired glass
mounted in approved steel frames in accordance
with 780 CMR 716.0. The doors shall close the
openings with only the clearance necessary for
proper operation under self-closing or automatic-
closing operations and shall be without undercuts,
louvers or grilles Rabbets or astragals are required
at the meeting edges of double means of egress
doors, and stops are required on the head and jambs
of all doors in smoke barriers. Positive latching
devices are required on double means of egress
corridor doors.
Exceptions:
1. In occupancies in Use Group 1-2. double
means of egress cross-corridor doors shall be
1%-inch solid core wood or steel doors Positive
latching devices are not required on double
means of egress cross-corridor doors, and center
mullions are prohibited.
2. Security glazing protected on both sides by
an automatic sprinkler system shall be permitted
in doors and windows in smoke barriers in
occupancies in Use Group 1-3 . Individual panels
of glazing shall not exceed 1,296 square inches
(0.84 m 2 ), shall be in a gasketed frame and
installed in such a manner that the framing
system will deflect without breaking (loading)
glazing before the sprinkler system operates
The sprinkler system shall be designed to wet
completely the entire surface of the affected
glazing when actuated.
712.4.1 Door closers: Doors in smoke barriers
shall be provided with approved door hold-open
devices of the failsafe type which shall release
the doors, causing them to close upon the
actuation of smoke detectors as well as upon the
application of a maximum manual pull of 50
pounds (244 N) against the hold-open device.
Exception: Doors in smoke barriers in
occupancies in Use Group 1-3 shall be self-
closing or automatic-closing by smoke
detection.
712.5 Smoke damper: An approved damper
designed to resist the passage of smoke shall be
provided at each point a duct penetrates a smoke
barrier The damper shall close upon detection of
smoke by an approved smoke detector located
within the duct.
Exceptions:
1. In lieu of an approved smoke detector
located within the duct, ducts that penetrate
smoke barriers above smoke barrier doors that
are required by 780 CMR 712 4 shall have the
approved damper arranged to close upon
detection of smoke by the local device designed
to detect smoke on either side of the smoke
barrier door opening
2 Dampers at the smoke barrier in a fully
ducted system are not required
780 CMR 713.0 FLOOR/CEILING AND
ROOF/CEDLJNG ASSEMBLIES
"?13.1 General: All floor and roof assemblies shall
comply with the applicable provisions of 780 CMR
and shall have a fireresistance rating of not less than
the fireresistance rating required in 780 CMR 602.0.
Exception: Dwelling unit separations in
buildings of Types 2C, 3B and 5B construction
shall have fireresistance ratings of not less than
Vi hour in buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1 or 780 CMR 906.2.2,
provided that sprinklers are installed in all
closets located against tenant separation walls
and in all bathrooms
713.1.1 Ceiling panels: Where the weight of
lay-in ceiling panels, used as part of
fireresistance rated floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling
assemblies, is not adequate to resist an upward
force of 1 psf (5 kg/nr), wire or other approved
devices shall be installed above the panels to
prevent vertical displacement under such upward
force.
7 13.1.2 Unusable space: In an assembly
required to have a one-hour fireresistance rating,
the ceiling membrane of a fireresistance rated
assembly is not required to be installed where
unusable space occurs below the assembly, or
the flooring is not required to be installed where
unusable space occurs above the assembly.
713.2 Continuity: All floor/ceiling and roof/ceiling
assemblies shall be continuous without openings or
penetrations except as permitted by 780 CMR 713
Floor assemblies which are required to be
fireresistance rated shall extend to and be tight
against exterior walls, or other provisions shall be
made for maintaining the fireresistance rating of the
assembly at such locations. Penetrations through a
roof deck to the outside are permitted provided that
the required fireresistance rating of the roof
construction is maintained. All concealed spaces
and openings shall be firestopped and draftstopped
in accordance with 780 CMR 720.0
713.3 Floor opening enclosure: All floor openings
connecting two or more stories shall be protected by
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION
a shaft enclosure that complies with 780 CMR
710.0.
Exceptions: A shaft enclosure is not required for
any of the following floor openings:
1 . A floor opening serving and contained within
a single dwelling unit and connecting four stories
or less.
2. A floor opening which:
2.1. Is not part of the required means of
egress;
2.2. Is not concealed within the building
construction;
2.3. Does not connect more than two stories;
2.4. Is separated from other floor openings
serving other floors by construction
conforming to 780 CMR 710.3; and
2.5. Is not open to a corridor in occupancies
in Use Groups I and R, or is not open to a
corridor on a floor not equipped throughout
with an approved automatic fire suppression
system in other use groups.
3. A floor opening in a mall that complies with
780 CMR 402.0.
4. A floor opening between a mezzanine that
complies with 780 CMR 505.0, and the floor
below.
5. An atrium that complies with 780 CMR
404.0.
6. A floor opening in an open parking structure
that complies with 780 CMR 406.0.
7. An approved masonry chimney where
annular space protection is provided for in
accordance with 780 CMR 720.6.4.
8. A floor opening containing an escalator and
complying with 780 CMR 301 1.2.
9. A floor opening that complies with
780 CMR 410.5 in an occupancy in Use Group
1-3.
10. Noncombustible shafts connecting
communicating floor levels in an occupancy in
Use Group 1-3 where the area complies with
780 CMR 410 5. Where additional stories are
located above or below, the shaft shall be
permitted to continue with fire and smoke
damper protection provided at the fireresistance
rated floor/ceiling assembly between the
noncommunicating stories.
11. A single floor opening containing a
stairway which is not a required means of egress
in an occupancy in Use Group B and complying
with the following parameters:
11.1. The stairway does not connect more
than six floor levels.
1 1.2. The stairway does not connect with
an exit access corridor.
1 1.3. The stairway floor opening shall not
exceed 160 square feet (15 m : ).
1 1 .4. The stairway floor opening shall be
protected in the same manner as an escalator
floor opening complying with 780 CMR
3011.2.
11.5. The building is equipped throughout
with an approved automatic sprinkler system
in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2. 1
713.4 Penetration protection: All penetrations of a
floor/ceiling assembly or the ceiling membrane of a
roof/ceiling assembly shall be protected by a shaft
enclosure that complies with 780 CMR 710:0.
Exceptions:
1. Penetrations within and through a floor
opening permitted to be unenclosed by
780 CMR 713.3.
2. Penetrations through assemblies required to
be fireresistance rated and complying with
780 CMR 713.4.1 or 780 CMR 713.4.2.
3. Penetrations through assemblies without a
required fireresistance rating and complying
with 780 CMR 713.4.1 or 780 CMR 713.4.3.
713.4.1 Through-penetration system: A shaft
enclosure shall not be required where cables,
cable trays, conduits, tubes or pipes penetrate a
floor assembly and are protected with an
approved through-penetration protection system
tested in accordance with ASTM E814 listed in
Appendix A. The positive pressure differential
between the exposed and unexposed surfaces of
the test assembly shall not be less than 0.01 -inch
water gage (2.5 P). The system shall have an
"F" rating and a "T" rating of not less than 1
hour but not less than the required fireresistance
rating of the assembly being penetrated. All
penetrations through a ceiling that is an integral
component of a fireresistance rated floor/ceiling
or roof/ceiling assembly, shall comply with
780 CMR 713.4.2.
Exceptions:
1. A "T" rating shall not be required for
floor penetrations that are contained and
located within the cavity of a wall.
2. A "T" rating shall not be required for
floor penetrations by pipe, tube and conduit
that are not in direct contact with
combustible material.
713.4.2 Fireresistance rated assemblies: The
required fireresistance rating of floor/ceiling and
roof/ceiling assemblies shall be determined in
accordance with ASTM El 19 listed in
Appendix A. Except where permitted by
780 CMR 713.4.2.1 through 713.4.2.3,
penetrations for electrical, mechanical, plumbing
and communication conduits, pipes and systems
shall be installed in accordance with the
approved ASTM El 19 rated assembly. In the
case of ceilings that are an integral component of
a fireresistance rated floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling
assembly, all penetrations shall be installed in
accordance with the approved ASTM E 1 1 9 rated
assembly or 780 CMR 713.4.2.3.
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780 CMR - Sixth Edition
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDrNG REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Exceptions:
1 . Outlet boxes and fittings are permitted,
provided that such devices are listed for
installation in fireresistance rated assemblies
and are installed in accordance with the
listing.
2. Ceiling dampers shall not be required
where fire tests have shown that such
dampers are not necessary in order to
maintain the fireresistance rating of the
assembly.
713.4.2.1 Noncombustible penetrations:
Penetrations by noncombustible vents,
chimneys, conduits, pipes and tubes through
a fireresistance rated floor assembly which
connect not more than two stories are
permitted. Penetrations by noncombustible
conduit, pipe and tubes through a fireresis-
tance rated floor assembly which connect
more than two stories are permitted provided
that the aggregate area of the penetrating
items shall not exceed one square foot (0.09
m : ) in any 100 square feet (9.3 rri ) of floor
area. In all cases, the annular space between
the penetrating item and the assembly shall
be protected in accordance with 780 CMR
707.8.
713.4.2.2 Air ducts: Penetrations by an air
duct or plenum through a fireresistance rated
floor assembly, which connect not more than
two stories, are permitted where a fire
damper that complies with 780 CMR 717.0
is installed at the floor line. Afire damper is
not required at penetrations of a roof/ceiling
assembly where ducts are open to the
atmosphere.
713.4.2.3 Ceiling penetrations: In the case
of ceilings that are an integral component of
a fireresistance rated floor/ceiling or
roof7ceiling assembly, openings to accom-
modate noncombustible conduits, pipes,
tubes, electrical outlets or air ducts shall be
permitted provided that the aggregate area of
such openings does not exceed 100 square
inches (0.065 nr) in any 100 square feet (9.3
nr) of ceiling area. The space around
noncombustible conduits, pipes, tubes and
electrical outlet boxes at the ceiling
penetration shall be firestopped in
accordance with 780 CMR 720.6.4 or shall
be protected in accordance with 780 CMR
709.7 or 780 CMR 713.4.1. For
noncombustible air duct penetrations, an
approved ceiling damper shall be installed at
the ceiling line. Ceiling dampers shall be
constructed in accordance with the details
listed in a fireresistance rated design or shall
be labeled to function as a heat barrier for
air-handling outlet/inlet penetrations in the
ceiling of a fireresistance rated assembly.
713.4.3 Nonfireresistance rated assemblies:
Penetrations of floor assemblies without a
required fireresistance rating shall conform to
780 CMR 713.4.3.1 through 713.4.3.3. All
penetrations through the ceiling membrane of a
roof assembly without a required fireresistance
rating shall be protected in accordance with
780 CMR 720.6.4.
713.4.3.1 Noncombustible penetrations:
Penetrations by noncombustible vents,
chimneys, conduits, pipes and tubes through
unprotected floor assemblies which connect
not more than three stories are permitted
provided that the annular space between the
penetrating item and the floor is protected in
accordance with 780 CMR 720.6.4.
713.4.3.2 Air ducts: Penetrations by
noncombustible air ducts through unprotect-
ed floor assemblies which connect not more
than three stories are permitted provided that
a fire damper complying with 780 CMR
717.0 is installed at each floor line.
713.4.3.3 Noncombustible or combustible
penetrations: Penetrations by vents,
chimneys, cables, wires, air ducts, conduits,
pipes and tubes through an unprotected floor
assembly which connect not more than two
stories are permitted provided that the
annular space is protected in accordance
with 780 CMR 720.6.4.
780 CMR 714.0 ROOF CONSTRUCTION
714.1 General: Roofs shall be constructed of
materials or assemblies of materials designed to
afford the fireresistance rating required by Table 602
as herein modified.
714.2 Stadiums: The roof construction, including
beams, trusses, framing, arches and roof decks,
enclosing stadiums of Type 1 or Type 2
construction, shall be of approved noncombustible
materials without a specified fireresistance rating or
of Type 4 construction.
714.3 Roofs 20 feet or higher: Where every part of
the structural framework of roofs in buildings of
Type 1 or Type 2 construction is 20 feet (6096 mm)
or more above the floor immediately below,
omission of all fire protection of the structural
members is permitted, including the protection of
trusses, roof framing and decking.
714.4 Roof slabs, arches and decking: Where the
omission of fire protection from roof trusses, roof
framing and decking is permitted, roofs in buildings
of Types I and 2 construction shall be constructed of
noncombustible materials, or of fireretardant- treated
wood as permitted in Table 602, without a specified
fireresistance rating, or of Type 4 construction in
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS .AND CONSTRUCTION
buildings not over five stones or 65 feet (19812 mm)
in height
714.5 Firestopping: Firestopping of ceiling and
attic spaces shall be provided as required by
780 CMR 720.0.
780 CMR 715.0 F1RERESISTANCE
RATING OF STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
715.1 Requirements: The fireresistance rating of
structural members and assemblies shall comply
with the requirements for the type of construction
and shall not be less than the rating required for the
fireresistance rated assemblies supported, except as
provided for in 780 CMR 71 1.4 for support of exit
access corridor walls and tenant separation walls in
covered mall buildings, and in 780 CMR 712.2 for
support of smoke barriers The maximum required
fireresistance rating of structural members
supporting fire separation assemblies of tank storage
areas as provided for in 780 CMR 418.3.2.1 shall be
two hours, but not less than required bv Table 602
for the building construction type.
715.2 Protection of structural members Columns,
girders, trusses, beams, lintels or other structural
members which are required to have a fireresistance
rating and which support more than two floors or
one floor and roof, or support a loadbearing wall or
a nonloadbearing wall more than two stories high,
shall be individually protected on all sides for the
full length or height with materials having the
required fireresistance rating. All other structural
members required to have a fireresistance rating
shall be protected by individual encasement, by a
membrane or ceiling protection as specified in
780 CMR 713.0, or by a combination of both.
715.3 Embedments and enclosures: Pipes, wires,
conduits, ducts or other service facilities shall not be
embedded in the required fire protective covering of
a structural member that is required to be
individually encased.
715.4 Impact protection: Where the fire protective
covering of a structural member is subject to impact
damage from moving vehicles, the handling of
merchandise or other activity, the fire protective
covering shall be protected by comer guards or by a
substantial jacket of metal or other noncombustible
material to a height adequate to provide full
protection, but not less than five feet (1524 mm)
from the finished floor.
715.5 Exterior structural members: Structural
members located in exterior walls or along the outer
lines of a building or structure shall be protected as
required by Table 602 for exterior loadbearing walls
for the type of construction involved and shall be
protected against corrosion in accordance with
780 CMR 2210.1. The interior faces of exterior
structural members shall be protected with coverings
of not less than the required fireresistance rating
specified for interior structural members in Table
602 Where a fireresistance rating is required in
Table 602 for exterior loadbearing walls in buildings
of Types 2C. 3B and 5B construction, the interior
faces of any exterior structural member of such
buildings shall be protected to provide a
fireresistance rating not less than that required for
exterior load- bearing walls.
715.6 Bottom flange protection Fire protection is
not required for the bottom flange of lintels, shelf
angles and plates which are not a pan of the
structural frame or which have a span of six feet
(1829 mm) or less
715.7 Stone lintels Stone lintels on spans exceeding
four feet (1219 mm) shall not be permitted, unless
supplemented by fireresistance rated structural
members or masonry arches of the required strength
to support the superimposed Ioads-
780 CMR 716.0 FTRE DOOR ASSEMBLIES
716.) Fire door assemblies Approved fire door
assemblies as defined in 780 CMR shall be
constructed of any material or assembly of
component materials which conforms to the test
requirements of ASTM El 52 listed in Appendix. A
and the fire protection rating herein required in
Table 716.":. unless otherwise specifically provided
for in 780 CMR.
716.1.1 Twenty-minute doors Fire doors
having a fire protection rating of 20 minutes
shall be tested in accordance with ASTM El 52
listed in Appendix A without the hose stream
test.
716.1.2 Doors in exit enclosures: All doorway
opening protectives for exit enclosures shall be
labeled means of egress fire doors and shall
have a maximum transmitted temperature end
point of not more than 450°F (232°C) above
ambient at the end of 30 minutes of standard fire
test exposure
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Table 716.1
OPENING PROTECTIVE FIRE
PROTECTION RATING
Type of assembly
Required
assembly
rating (hour)
Minimum
opening
protection
assembly
(hour)
Fire walls and fire separation 4 3
assemblies havmg a required 3 3
fireresistance rating greater than 2 1 'A
one hour \ y 2 1 14
Fire separation assemblies:
Shaft and exit enclosure walls 1 1
Other fire aeparation assemblies 1 %
Fire partitions:
Exit access corridor enclosure
wall
1
Va'
Vi
V3
Other fire partitions
1
Vi
Note a. For testing requirements, see 780 CMR 716. 1. 1.
716.2 Labeled protective assemblies: Ml fire door
assemblies shall be labeled by an approved agency
Labeled protective assemblies that conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 716.0 or UL 10A, 14B
and 14C for tin-clad fire door assemblies, and
NFiPA 80 listed in Appendix A, shall be approved
for use as provided for in 780 CMR.
716.2.1 Labeling requirements: Fire doors
shall have a label or other identification showing
the name of the manufacturer, the fire protection
rating and, where required for fire doors in exit
enclosures by 780 CMRs 716.1.2 or 1014.8.3,
the maximum transmitted temperature end point.
Such label shall be approved and shall be
permanently affixed. The label shall be applied
at the factory where fabrication and assembly are
done. Inspection shall be made by an approved
agency
716.2.2 Oversized doors: Approval of doors
which cannot be labeled because of size shall be
based on a certificate of inspection furnished by
an approved testing agency for such oversized
doors. The certificate shall state that the door
conforms to the requirements of design,
materials and construction, but has not been
subjected to the fire test.
716.3 Multiple doors in fire walls: Two doors, each
with afire protection rating of VA hours, installed
on opposite sides of the same opening in a fire -wall,
shall be deemed equivalent in fire protection rating
to one three-hour^re door.
716.4 Glass panels: Wired glass panels shall be
permitted in fire doors within the limitations of
780 CMR 719.0 and as herein specifically
prescribed.
716.5 Door closing: Fire doors shall be self-closing
or automatic-closing in accordance with the
requirements of NFiPA 80 listed in Appendix A and
the requirements of 780 CMR 716.5.1 through
716.5.4.
716.5.1 Smoke-activated doors: Fire doors
which are not self-closing and which protect
openings in horizontal exits, exits or exit access
corridors required to be of fireresistance rated
construction shall be automatic-closing by the
actuation of smoke detectors or by loss of power
to the smoke detector or the hold-open device.
716.5.2 Doors in pedestrian ways: Vertical
sliding or vertical rolling steel fire doors in
openings through which pedestrians travel shall
not be automatic-closing by actuation of smoke
detectors.
Exception: Doors that are activated by
smoke detectors arranged on an alarm
verification circuit in accordance with
780 CMR 918.7.
716.5.3 Swinging fire doors The door closers
for swinging fire doors that are not required to
be automatic-closing by smoke detector
activation in accordance with 780 CMR 716.5.1,
shall be permitted to be activated by a single
fusible link incorporated in the hold-open arm of
an approved door closer where the ceiling is less
than three feet (914 mm) above each side of the
door opening.
716.5.4 Closing time: Doors that are automatic-
closing by automatic fire detectors or are self-
closing shall not have a delay in the initiation of
closing or reclosing of more than ten seconds.
780 CMR 717.0 FIRE DAMPERS
717.1 Approval: Fire dampers shall comply with
the requirements of UL 555 listed in Appendix A
and shall bear the label of an approved testing
agency. Fire dampers shall be classified and
identified in accordance with UL 555. Fire dampers
installed in systems that continue to operate when
smoke or heat from a fire is detected shall be labeled
for installation in dynamic systems as required by
UL 555. Fire dampers shall be installed in
accordance with manufacturer's installation
instructions. Fire dampers shall have the minimum
fire protection rating specified in Table 717. 1 for the
type of penetration.
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FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION
Table 717.1
FIRE DAMPER RATING
Type of Penetration
Minimum
damper rating
(hour)
Fire partitions less than 1 hour
Unprotected floor assemblies (see
780 CMR 713.4.3.2)
V 2
Single membrane of a 1 -hour
fireresistance rated assembly
1 -hour fireresistance rated assemblies
1
2-hour fireresistance rated assemblies
\Vi
3 -hour or greater fireresistance rated
assemblies
3
717.2 Where required: Fire dampers shall be
provided at locations required by 780 CMR where
atr distribution system penetrate assemblies required
to have a fireresistance rating. Where the
installation of a fire damper will interfere with the
operation of a required smoke control system in
accordance with 780 CMR 921 .0 or the operation of
an exhaust svstem conveying hazardous materials as
defined in the mechanical code listed in Appendix A.
approved alternative protection shall be utilized.
717.3 Access. Access shall be provided to fire
dampers for inspection and servicing.
780 CMR 718.0 FIRE WINDOWS
AND SHUTTERS
718.1 Fireresistance rating: Approved assemblies
of fire windows and fire shutters shall meet the test
requirements of ASTM E163 listed in Appendix A
Fire windows shall be in the fixed closed position or
be automatic-closing.
718.1.1 Exception: Steel window frame
assemblies of Vs-inch (3 mm) minimum solid
section or of not less than nominal 0.048-inch-
thick formed sheet steel members fabricated by
pressing, mitering, riveting, interlocking or
welding and having provision for glazing with
%-inch wired glass as required in 780 CMR
719.0 where securely installed in the building
construction and glazed with Vi-inch labeled
wired glass, shall be deemed to meet the
requirements for a Va-\\ouz fire window assembly.
718.2 Window mullions All metal mullions which
exceed a nominal height of 1 2 feet shall be protected
with materials to afford the same fireresistance
rating as required for the wall construction in which
the protective is located.
718.3 Swinging fire shutters: Where fire shutters of
the swinging type are installed in exterior openings,
not less than one row in every three vertical rows
shall be arranged to be readily opened from the
outside, and shall be identified by distinguishing
marks or letters not less than six inches (152 mm)
high.
718.4 Rolling fire shutters: Where fire shutters of
the rolling type are installed, such shutters shall be
of approved counter-balanced construction and
capable of being readily opened from the outside.
780 CMR 719.0 WIRED GLASS
719.1 General: Wired glass installed as an opening
protective shall be tested in accordance with ASTM
E163 listed in Appendix A. shall bear the label of an
approved agency and shall be installed in approved
frames. Wired glass panels shall conform to the size
limitations set forth in Table 719.1.
Table 719.1
LIMITING SIZE 3 OF WIRED GLASS
PANELS
Opening fire
Maximum area
Maximum
Maximum
protection ratmg
(square inches)
height
width
(inches)
(inches)
3 hour
1 Vi-hour doors in
exterior walls
1 and 1 Vi hours
100
33
10
3 /4hour
5,236
54
54
Vb hour
not limited
not limited
not limited
Fire windows
1,296
54
54
Note a. 1 Inch = 25.4 mm: 1 square inch = 0.0006452
nr.
719.1.1 Fire walls: Wired glass in fire doors
located in fire walls shall be prohibited except
that where serving as a horizontal exit, a self-
closing swinging door shall be permitted to have
a vision panel of not more than 100 square
inches (0.065 m 2 ) without a dimension
exceeding ten inches (254 mm).
719.1.2 Fire separation assemblies: Wired
glass vision panels shall not be installed in fire
doors having a 1 '/2-hour fire protection ratmg
intended for installation in fire separation
assemblies, unless the glass panels are not more
than 100 square inches (0.065 nr) in area.
719.2 Exit and elevator protectives Except where
fire doors are specifically required by 780 CMR 4 to
be solid in such locations where unusually hazardous
conditions prevail, approved wired glass vision
panels used in fire doors in elevator and stairway
shaft enclosures shall be so located as to furnish
clear vision of the passageway or approach to the
elevator or stairway and shall not exceed the size
limitations specified in Table 719.1.
719.3 Fire separation assemblies: Panels of %-inch
wired glass shall not be installed in fire separation
assemblies intended for subdividing purposes as set
forth in 780 CMR 709.1 where the required
fireresistance rating of the wall exceeds one hour.
9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
The maximum size of such panels shall not exceed
the limitations for a %-hour door.
780 CMR 720.0 FIRESTOPPING
AND DRAFTSTOPPESG
720.1 General: To prevent the free passage of flame
and products of combustion through concealed
spaces or openings in the event of fire, provisions
shall be made to provide effective firestops or
draftsiops as herein specified.
720.2 Firestopping materials: Ail firestopping
shall consist of approved noncombustible materials
securely fastened in place. Firestops of approved
noncombustible materials or of materials of two
thicknesses of one-inch lumber with broken lap-
joint, or one thickness of 23/32-inch wood structural
panel with joints backed by 23/32-inch wood
structural panel, or of two-inch lumber installed with
tight joints, shall be installed in open spaces of wood
framing.
720.3 Draftstopping materials: Draftstopping
materials shall not be less than Vi -inch gypsum
board, 3 /s-inch plywood or other approved materials
adequately supported.
720.4 Integrity The integrity of all firestopping and
draftstopping shall be continuously maintained.
720.5 Required inspection: Firestopping and
draftstopping shall not be concealed from view until
inspected and approved.
720.6 Firestopping required: Firestopping shall be
installed in the locations specified in 780 CMR
720.6.1 through 720.6.7.
720.6.1 Concealed wall spaces: Firestopping
shall be installed in concealed spaces of stud
walls and partitions, including furred or studded-
off spaces of masonry or concrete walls, and at
the ceiling and floor or roof levels. Firestopping
is not required at the ceiling level of walls,
partitions and furred spaces constructed of
noncombustible materials as defined by
780 CMR 704.4.
720.6.2 Connections between horizontal and
vertical spaces: Firestopping shall be installed
at all interconnections between vertical and
horizontal spaces such as occur at soffits over
cabinets, drop ceilings, cove ceilings and similar
locations.
720.6.3 Stairways: Firestopping shall be
installed in concealed spaces between stairway
stringers at the top and bottom of the run
720.6.4 Ceiling and floor openings Where
permitted by Exception 7 of 780 CMR 713.3, or
by 780 CMR 713.4.2.3 or 7 13. 4. 3, firestopping
shall be installed at openings around vents,
pipes, ducts, chimneys and fireplaces at ceiling
and floor levels, with approved noncombustible
materials. Factory built chimneys and fireplaces
shall be fire stopped in accordance with UL 103
and UL 127 listed in Appendix A. Where
ceilings or floors are required to be fireresistance
rated, the openings around vents, pipes, ducts,
chimneys and fireplaces shall be protected in
accordance with the requirements of 780 CMR
713.4 through 713.4.2.3.
720.6.5 Architectural trim: Firestopping shall
be installed in exterior cornices and other
exterior architectural elements where permitted
of combustible construction in 780 CMR 1406.0,
or where erected with combustible frames, at
maximum intervals of 20 feet (6096 mm) If
noncontinuous, such elements shall have closed
ends, with at least four inches (102 mm) of
separation between sections.
720.6.6 Combustible finish and trim
Firestopping shall be installed in the space
behind combustible trim and finish where
permitted under 780 CMR and all other hollow
spaces where permitted in fireresistance rated
construction at ten-foot (3048 mm) intervals; or
the space shall be solidly filled with approved
noncombustible materials.
720.6.7 Concealed sleeper spaces: Firestopping
shall be installed in concealed spaces formed by
floor sleepers in areas of not more than 100
square feet (9.30 m : ); or the space shall be
solidify' filled with approved noncombustible
materials.
720.7 Draftstopping required Draftstopping shall
be installed in buildings of Types 3, 4 and 5
construction in the locations specified by 780 CMR
720.7.1 and 720.7.2.
720.7.1 Floors: Where ceilings are suspended
below solid wood joists or suspended or attached
directly to the bottom of open-web wood floor
trusses, the space between the ceiling and the
floor above shall be divided by draftstopping as
specified in 780 CMR 720.7.1.1 through
720.7.1.3.
720.7.1.1 Use Groups R-l and R-2: In
occupancies in Use Groups R-l and R-2,
draftstopping shall be installed in line with
tenant and dwelling unit separation walls
where the walls do not extend to the
underside of the floor sheathing above.
Exception: Drafistopping is not required
in buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1 or
906.2.2, provided that automatic
sprinklers are also installed in the
combustible concealed space.
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION
720.7.1.2 Use Group R-3: In occupancies in
Use Group R-3, the space shall be divided
into approximately equal areas not greater
than 500 square feet (46.5 nr). The
drqftslopping shall be installed parallel to the
main framing members.
Exception: Drqftslopping is not required
in buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2. 1 or
906.2.2, provided that automatic
sprinklers are also installed in the
combustible concealed space.
720.7.1.3 Other use groups: In all other use
groups, draftstopping shall be installed so
that horizontal areas do not exceed 1,000
square feet (93 nr).
Exception: Draftstopping is not required
in buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1 or
906.2.2, provided that automatic
sprinklers are also installed in the
combustible concealed space above the
ceiling.
720.7.2 Attics and concealed spaces: Attics and
concealed roof spaces shall be provided with
draftstopping as specified in 780 CMR 720 7.2.1
and 720.7.2.2.
720.7.2.1 Use Group R: In occupancies in
Use Group R in attics, mansards, overhangs
or other concealed roof spaces, draftstopping
shall be installed above, and in line with,
tenant and dwelling unit separation walls that
do not extend to the underside of the roof
sheathing above.
Exceptions:
1 . Where corridor walls provide a tenant
or dwelling unit separation, draftstopping
shall only be required above one of the
corridor walls.
2. Flat roofs with solid joist construction
are not required to be provided with
draftstopping over tenant and dwelling
unit separation walls if the joists form a
draftstop.
3. Draftstopping is not required in
buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1 or
906.2.2, provided that automatic
sprinklers are also installed in attics,
mansards, overhangs and other
concealed roof spaces of combustible
concealed space.
4. Draftstopping is not required in
detached one- and two-family dwellings.
5. In occupancies in Use Group R-2
which do not exceed four stories in
height, the attic space shall be
subdivided by draftstops into areas not
exceeding 3,000 square feet (279 nr) or
above every two dwelling units,
whichever is smaller.
720.7.2.2 Other use groups: Draftstopping
shall be installed in attics and concealed roof
spaces, such that any horizontal area does
not exceed 3,000 square feet (279 m ).
Exceptions:
1 . Flat roofs with solid joist construction
are not required to be provided with
draftstopping over tenant separation
walls if the joists form a draftstop.
2. Draftstopping is not required in
buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1 or
906.2.2, provided that automatic
sprinklers are also installed in attics and
other concealed roof spaces of
combustion construction.
720.8 Ventilation: Ventilation of concealed roof
spaces shall be maintained in accordance with
780 CMR 1210.0.
780 CMR 721.0 FERERESISTTVE
REQUIREMENTS FOR PLASTER
721.1 Thickness of plaster: The required thickness
of fireresistance rated plaster protection shall be
determined by the prescribed fire tests for the
specified use group and type of construction and in
accordance with the provisions of 7S0 CMR 2505.0
for interior plastering and 780 CMR 2506.0 for
exterior plastering. The thickness in all cases shall
be measured from the face of the lath where applied
to gypsum lath or metal lath.
721.2 Plaster equivalents: For fireresistive
purposes, Vi inch (13 mm) of unsanded gypsum
plaster shall be deemed equivalent to 3 A inch (19
mm) of one-to-three sanded gypsum or one inch (25
mm) of Portland cement sand plaster.
721.3 Noncombustible furring: In buildings of
Types 1 and 2 construction, plaster shall be applied
directly on masonry or on approved noncombustible
plastering base and furring.
721.4 Double reinforcement: Except in solid
plaster partitions, or where otherwise determined by
the prescribed fire tests, plaster protection more than
one inch (25 mm) in thickness shall be reinforced
with an additional layer of approved lath embedded
at least 3 A inch (19 mm) from the outer surface and
fixed securely in place.
721.5 Plaster alternatives for concrete: In
reinforced concrete construction, gypsum or portland
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
141
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDrNG REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
cement plaster is permitted to be substituted for Vi
inch (13 mm) of the required poured concrete
protection, except that a minimum thickness of 3 /s
inch (ten mm) of poured concrete shall be provided
in all reinforced concrete floors and one inch (25
mm) in reinforced concrete columns in addition to
the plaster finish. The concrete base shall be
prepared in accordance with 780 CMR 2506.0.
780 CMR 722.0 THERMAL- AND
SOUND-INSULATING MATERIALS
722.1 General: Insulating batts, blankets, fills or
similar types of materials — other than fiberboard and
foam plastic insulation — including vapor retarders
and breather papers or other coverings which are
incorporated in construction elements, shall be
installed as required by 780 CMR 722.0. Fiberboard
insulation shall be installed as required by 780 CMR
2309.0, and foam plastic insulation shall be installed
as required by 780 CMR 2603.0.
722.2 Exposed installations: Such materials, where
exposed as installed in rooms or spaces, including
attics and crawl spaces of buildings of any type
construction, shall have a flame spread rating of 25
or less and a smoke-developed rating of 450 or less
when tested in accordance with ASTM E84 listed in
Appendix A. Plenum installations shall comply with
the requirements of 780 CMR 2805.0 and the
mechanical code listed in Appendix A.
722.3 Concealed installations: Insulating materials,
where concealed as installed in buildings of any type
of construction, shall have a flame spread rating of
75 or less and a smoke-developed rating of 450 or
less when tested in accordance with ASTM E84
listed in Appendix A.
722.3.1 Facings: All vapor retarders, whether
integral or applied separately, shall be installed
on the warm side of the building element, and
shall have a permeance not exceeding one perm.
Where insulation materials are installed in
concealed spaces (such as wall, floor or ceiling
cavities), attics or crawl spaces in buildings of
Types 3, 4 and 5 construction, the flame spread
and smoke-developed rating limitations do not
apply to facings, provided that the facing is
installed behind and in substantial contact with
the unexposed surface of the ceiling, floor or
wall finish.
722.4 Cellulosic insulation: Cellulosic insulation
shall meet the requirements of CPSC 16 CFR Parts
1209 and 1404, listed in Appendix A.
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CHAPTER 8
INTERIOR FINISHES
780 CMR 801.0 GENERAL
801.1 Scope: Interior finish and trim of buildings
shall conform to the requirements of 780 CMR 8.
Interior finish shall include all wall, ceiling and floor
finishes and wainscoting and paneling or other finish
applied structurally or for acoustical treatment,
insulation, decoration or similar purposes.
801.2 Installation and classification All materials
which are required to restrict the spread of flame or
to be flameresistant under the provisions of
780 CMR - including, but not limited to, interior
finish materials, fireretardant-treated wood, tents and
tarpaulins, and interior hangings and decorations
shall meet the requirements for installation and
classification as determined by the applicable test
procedures listed in 780 CMR 8.
780 CMR 802.0 DEFINITIONS
802.1 General: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 8 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR have the meanings shown
herein.
Flame spread: The propagation of flame over a
surface.
Flame spread rating: The measurement of flame
spread on the surface of materials or their
assemblies as determined by the tests specified in
780 CMR (see 780 CMR 803.0).
Flameresistance: That property of materials or
combinations of component materials which
restricts the spread of flame as determined by the
flameresistance tests specified in 780 CMR (also
see 780 CMR 807.2).
Floor finish The finish placed on top of the floor,
slab or other structural floor element.
780 CMR 803.0 INTERIOR FINISH
AND TRIM
803.1 Exposed construction: These requirements
shall not be considered as requiring the installation
of interior finish, but where construction or fire
protection materials are exposed in the use groups
specified in 780 CMR 803.4, the hazard from rate of
flame spread of such exposed materials shall not be
greater than that of the interior finish permitted for
such occupancy.
803.1.1 Paper finish: The use of a surface finish
of paper or of material that does not have a greater
fire hazard than paper shall not be prohibited,
provided that such finish does not exceed 1/28
inch (I mm) in thickness and is applied directly to
a noncombustible base or substrate that conforms
to the requirements of 780 CMR 2310.0.
803.1.2 Type 4 construction Exposed portions
of structural members complying with the
requirements for buildings of Type 4 construction
in 780 CMR 605.0 and 2304.0, shall not be
subject to interior finish regulations.
803.1.3 Window exception: Show windows in
the first story of buildings are permitted to be
constructed of any approved materials
803.2 Classification All materials used for interior
finish and trim shall be classified in accordance with
ASTM E84 listed in Appendix A The
classifications of interior finishes referred to herein
correspond to flame spread ratings determined by
ASTM E84 listed in Appendix A as follows: Class I
flame spread, - 25; Class II flame spread, 26 - 75;
Class IE flame spread, 76 - 200.
803.3 Materials: Materials shall only be installed as
interior finish and trim as specifically provided for
in 780 CMR for the occupancy of the space in which
the material is installed. Installation of any materia!
for floor finish, interior finish and trim in a building
of Type 1 or 2 construction within the scope
permitted in 780 CMR 803.0 or in 780 CMR 806.0
shall not declassify the building with respect to the
type of construction classification.
803.3.1 Foam plastics: Foam plastics shall not be
installed as interior trim or finish except in
compliance with 780 CMR 803.0 and 780 CMR
2603". 0.
803.3.2 Smoke development: Interior wall and
ceiling finish materials that have a smoke-
developed rating greater than 450 when tested in
accordance with ASTM E84 listed in Appendix A
shall not be permitted.
803.4 Required flame spread rating: Interior finish
of walls and ceilings shall have a flame spread rating
not greater than that designated by the class
prescribed for the various use groups listed in Table
803.4, when tested in accordance with 780 CMR
803.2.
803.4.1 Basements: In occupancies other than
Use Group R-3, Class I or II interior finish shall
be required in all basements or other underground
spaces from which there is not direct exit to the
outside of the building, if subject to occupancy for
any purpose other than storage or service
facilities.
9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition
143
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
803.4.2 Maximum flame spread: Interior finish
materials with flame spread classifications greater
than 200 shall not be installed in any room or
space subject to human occupancy, except to such
extent as specifically approved on the basis of a
finding that such installation does not
significantly increase the life hazard.
803.4.3 Rooms and enclosed spaces
Requirements for rooms or enclosed spaces are
based upon spaces enclosed in partitions of the
building or structure, and where a fireresistanceis
required for the structural elements, the enclosing
partitions shall extend from the floor to the
ceiling. Partitions that do not comply with this
shall be considered as enclosing spaces and rooms
or spaces on both sides thereof shall be counted as
one. In determining the applicable requirements
for rooms or enclosed spaces, the specific
occupancy thereof shall be the governing factor,
regardless of the use group classification of the
building or structure Where an automatic
sprinkler system installed in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1 or 906.2.2 is installed
throughout a building, Class II or III interior
finish shall be permitted where Class I or II
materials, respectively, are required in Tabie
803.4.
Table 803.4
INTERIOR FINISH REQUIREMENTS 8
Required
vertical Corridors Rooms or
Use Group exits and providing enclosed
passage- ex j t access spaces
wavs
A-I. A-2.A-3
I
i e
n b
A-4,B,E,E,1-],
E
in
R-LR-2
1
in
H
II
1-2
h
i h
! h
1-3
i
III
M: walls
, ii
m „"
ceilings
n
R-3
m
m
in
S
n
n
m
Note a. For requirements applicable to rooms and
enclosed spaces, see 780 CMR 803.4.3.
Note b. Class III interior finish materials are permitted
in places of assembly with a capacity of 300 persons or
less.
Note c. Class III interior finish materials are permitted
for wainscoting or paneling for not more than 1,000
square feet (93m 2 ) of applied surface area in the grade
lobby where applied directly to a noncombustible base or
over furring strips applied to a noncombustible base and
firestopped as required by 780 CMR 804.0.
Note d. Class EH interior finish materials are permitted
in mercantile occupancies of 3,000 square feet (279m )
or less gross area occupied for sales purposes on the
street floor only (balcony permitted).
Note e. Lobby areas shall not be less than Class II
Note f. Where building height is over two stones.
Class II shall be required.
Note g. For the classifications of interior finishes
referred to herein, see 780 CMR 803.2. For interior
finish requirements for exposed insulation, see 780 CMR
722.2.
Note h Walls and ceilings shall be a minimum of
Class 11 materials in individual rooms of not more than
four persons in capacity Where a building is equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed
in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1 the minimum
requirement for interior finish shall be Class II.
Note i. In Use Groups A. 1-2 and 1-3. Class II ulterior
wall finish material shall be permitted as wainscoting
extending not more than 48 inches (1219 mm) above the
floor in corridors providing exit access.
803.5 Interior trim Baseboards, chair rails,
moldings, trim around openings and other interior
trim, not in excess of 10% of the aggregate wall and
ceiling areas of any room or space, shall be of Class
I, II or III materials
803.6 Carpet and carpet-like wall coverings
Textile wall coverings having a napped, tufted.
looped, woven, nonwoven or similar surface, shall
comply with the following:
\ Such materials shall have a Class I flame
spread classification and be installed only in
rooms or areas protected by an automatic
sprinkler system installed in accordance with
780 CMR 9; or
2 Such materials shall be tested in accordance
with an eight-foot by 12-foot by eight-foot high
(2438 mm by 3658 mm by 2438 mm) room/comer
fire test procedure utilizing a product-mounting
system, including adhesive, representative of
actual installation Prior to testing, the sample
shall be conditioned at 70°F (21 °C) ± 5% and at
a relative humidity of 50% ± 5% until the sample
reaches a rate of weight change of less than 0. 1%
per day. The product shall be exposed to a flame
from a gas diffusion burner for 1 5 minutes. The
fire exposure shall be 40 kW for the first five
minutes, followed by an exposure of 1 50 kW for
an additional ten minutes. Such tests shall
demonstrate that a product will not spread fire to
the edge of the specimen or cause flashover in the
test room
803.7 Design load: Interior wall finish materials
shall be capable of resisting the horizontal load
specified in 780 CMR 1615 4
780 CMR 804.0 APPLICATION OF
INTERIOR FINISH
804.1 Attachment: Where interior finish is
regulated by the requirements of 780 CMR 8,
interior finish materials shall be applied or otherwise
fastened in such a manner that such materials will
not readily become detached when subjected to
144
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDrNG REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
INTERIOR FINISHES
room temperatures of 200°F (93 °C) for not less than
30 minutes.
804.2 Fireresistive and noncombustible
construction: Interior finish materials installed on
walls, ceilings or structural elements which are
required to provide a fireresistance rating or to be of
noncombustible construction, shall comply with the
provisions of 780 CMR 804.2.1 or 804.2.2.
804.2.1 Application to structural elements:
Interior finish materials applied to walls, ceilings
or structural elements shall be applied directly
against the exposed surface of such structural
elements or to furring attached to such surfaces.
In concrete or masonry construction, furring of
wood or any other material of similar combustible
characteristics is permitted. All concealed spaces
created by furring shall bsfirestopped at not more
than ten-foot (3048 mm) intervals in any direction
(see 780 CMR 720.6.6).
804.2.2 Set-out construction: Where the interior
finish is set out or dropped distances greater than
V/t inches (44 mm) from the surface of such
elements, only material of which both faces
qualify as Class I shall be installed.
Exceptions:
1. In buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2. 1 or 906.2.2,
Class II finish materials shall be permitted
provided that automatic sprinklers are also
installed in combustible concealed spaces
behind the interior finish.
2. Class II or III materials shall be permitted
where attached to a backing that complies with
780 CMR 804.3 or to furring applied directly
to such backing as provided for in 780 CMR
804.2.1.
804.3 Class II and III materials: Class II and III
interior finish materials which are less than Vt inch
in thickness shall be applied directly against a
noncombustible backing or a backing that complies
with the requirements of 780 CMR 2310.0, unless
the tests under which such material has been
classified were made with the materials suspended
from the noncombustible backing. The backing
material shall provide a continuous surface
completely behind the finish. Where the backing
does not constitute an integral part of the structural
elements or system, the backing shall be attached
directly to the structural elements or to the furring as
required for the application of finish in 780 CMR
804 2, or shall be suspended from the structural
members at any distance and all concealed spaces
created thereby shall be firestopped in accordance
with 780 CMR 720.0.
804.4 Type 4 construction: Interior finish materials
shall be applied directly to the wood members and
decking of buildings of Type 4 construction, or to
furring strips applied to such members or wood
decking as provided for in 780 CMR 804.2.1.
780 CMR 805.0 FLOOR FINISH
805.1 General: Finished floors or floor covering
materials of a traditional type, such as wood, vinyl,
linoleum, terrazzo and other resilient floor covering
materials, are exempt from the requirements of
780 CMR 805.0. Floor coverings judged by the
code official to represent an unusual hazard shall
meet the requirements of 780 CMR 805.0.
805.2 Classification: Interior floor finish required
by 780 CMR 805.3 to be of Class I or Class II
materials shall be classified in accordance with
ASTM E648 listed in Appendix A. The
classifications referred to herein correspond to the
classifications determined by ASTM E648 listed in
Appendix A as follows: Class I, 0.45 watts/cm 2 ,
Class II, 0.22 watts/cm 2 .
805.2.1 Test report: All carpet required by
780 CMR 805.0 to meet critical radiant flux
limitations in accordance with 780 CMR 805.2
shall be tested by an approved agency. A copy of
the test report identifying and representing the
style to be installed shall be provided to the code
official upon request. The test report shall
identify the carpet by manufacturer (or supplier)
and style name, and shall be representative of the
current construction of the carpet.
The carpet shall be identified as to
manufacturer (or supplier) and style by a hang tag
or other suitable method, which shall indicate the
classification of the material based upon the
limitations specified in 780 CMR 805.2.
805.3 Required classification: Interior floor finish
in vertical exits, exit passageways and exit access
corridors shall not be less than Class I in Use Group
1-2 and not less than Class II in Use Groups A, B, E,
1-1, 1-3, M, R-l and R-2. In all other areas, the
interior floor finish shall comply with the DOC FF-1
"pill test" (CPSC 16 CFR, Part 1630) listed in
Appendix A.
Exception: Where a building is equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1 or 906.2.2,
Class II materials are permitted in any area where
Class I materials are required and materials
complying with the DOC FF-1 "pill test" (CPSC
16 CFR, Part 1630) listed in Appendix A are
permitted in any area where Class II materials are
required.
805.4 Rooms and enclosed spaces: Requirements
for rooms or enclosed spaces are based upon the
spaces being enclosed with partitions extending from
the floor to the ceiling Where partitions do not
satisfy this criterion, the room or space is considered
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part of the corridor.
805.5 Other materials: All carpet manufactured for
sale in the United States is required by federal
regulations to pass the DOC FF-1 "pill test" (CPSC
16 CFR Part 1630) listed in Appendix A. If a
material other than carpet is installed, the material
shall be shown to be at least as resistant to flame
propagation as a material which passes DOC FF-1
(minimum critical radiant flux of 0.04 watts/cm 2 ).
780 CMR 806.0 COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS
PERMITTED IN FLOORS OF TYPES 1 AND 2
CONSTRUCTION
806.1 General: Except as provided for in 780 CMR
1014.0 for stairways and in 780 CMR 412.0 for
stages and platforms, combustible materials installed
in or on floors of buildings of Types 1 and 2
construction shall be as herein specified.
806.2 Sleepers, bucks and grounds: Floor sleepers,
bucks, nailing blocks and grounds shall not be
constructed of combustible materials, unless the
space between the fireresistance rated floor
construction and the flooring is either solidly filled
with approved noncombustible materials or
firestopped in accordance with 780 CMR 720.6.7,
and provided that such open spaces shall not extend
under or through permanent partitions or walls.
806.3 Flooring: Wood finish flooring is permitted to
be attached directly to the embedded ox firestopped
wood sleepers, and shall be permitted where
cemented directly to the top surface of approved
fireresistance rated construction or directly to a
wood subfloor attached to sleepers as provided for in
780 CMR 806.2. Combustible insulating boards not
more than V2 inch thick and covered with approved
finished flooring are permitted for sound deadening
or heat insulating where attached directly to a non-
combustible floor assembly or to wood subflooring
attached to sleepers as provided for in 780 CMR
806.2.
780 CMR 807.0 INTERIOR HANGEVGS
AND DECORATIONS
807.1 Decorative material restrictions: In
occupancies in Use Groups A, E, 1-2, 1-3 and R-l, all
curtains, draperies, hangings and other decorative
materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall be
noncombustible or be maintained flameresistant in
accordance with 780 CMR 807.2 as herein specified
and 527 CMR 21. 00 as listed in Appendix A.
807.1.1 Noncombustible: The permissible
amount of non-combustible decorative hangings
shall not be limited.
807.1.2 Flameresistant: The permissible amount
of flameresistant decorative hangings shall not
exceed 10% of the total wall and ceiling area.
807.2 Acceptance criteria: Where required to be
flameresistant under the provisions of 780 CMR all
materials used for artistic enhancement, decorations,
draperies, curtains, scenery and hangings shall
comply with 780 CMR 807.0. If treated to be
flameresistant, these materials shall not generate
smoke more dense than that given off by untreated
wood or paper burning under comparable conditions
when tested in accordance with both the small-scale
and large-scale tests in NFLPA 701 listed in
Appendix A.
807.2.1 Limitation of approval: All approvals of
organic decorative material shall be limited to one
year. The owner or the owner's authorized agent
shall file an affidavit with the code official which
certifies that the process and materials utilized
comply with 780 CMR and which states the date
of treatment and the warranted period of
effectiveness of the process.
807.2.2 Field test for decorative materials:
Where documented certification of
flameresistance is not provided, the code official
shall subject decorative materials that are required
to be flameresistant to a field test in accordance
with Chapter 10 of NFiPA 701 listed in
Appendix A.
807.2.3 Replacement of defective materials: All
treated hangings, draperies, canvas and other
decorative and tent materials which fail to
conform to the field test requirements shall be
retreated or replaced by an approved installation.
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CHAPTER 9
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
(This Chapter is Entirely Unique to Massachusetts)
780 CMR 901.0 GENERAL
901.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 9 shall
specify where fire protection systems are required
and shall apply to the design, installation,
maintenance and operation of all fire protection
systems in all buildings and structures.
901.1.1 Seismic Requirements: All "required"
and "non-required" fire protection systems shall
be installed in accordance with the Seismic
Criteria requirements of 780 CMR 1612.7,
Architectural, Mechanical and Electrical
Components and Systems.
901.2 Required systems: All fire protection systems
required by 780 CMR shall be installed, repaired,
operated and maintained in accordance with this
code and the applicable reference standards listed in
Appendix A. All required fire suppression and
standpipe systems shall be provided with at least one
automatic supply of fire-extinguishing agent of
adequate pressure, capacity and reliability to
perform the function intended.
901.3 Nonrequired systems: Any fire protection
system or portion thereof not required by 780 CMR
shall be permitted to be finished for partial or
complete protection provided that such installed
system meets applicable requirements of 780 CMR.
A building permit shall be required for systems
installed pursuant to 780 CMR 901.3
901.4 Maintenance: All water based fire protection
systems shall be maintained in accordance with
NFPA 25 as listed in Appendix A. All other fire
protection systems shall be maintained in accordance
with the requirements of the applicable reference
standards and standards listed in Appendix A. The
owner, tenant or lessee of every building or structure
shall be responsible for the care and maintenance of
all fire protection systems, including equipment and
devices, to ensure the safety and welfare of the
occupants. Fire protection systems shall not be
disconnected or otherwise rendered unserviceable
without first notifying the local fire department in
accordance with M.G.L. c. 148 § 27A.
When installations of fire protection systems are
interrupted for repairs or other necessary reasons,
the owner, tenant or lessee shall immediately advise
the local fire department and shall diligently
prosecute the restoration of the protection.
901.5 Threads: All threads provided for fire
department connections to sprinkler systems.
standpipes, yard hydrants or any other fire hose
connection shall be compatible with the connections
used by the local fire department.
901.6 Signs: All signs required to identify fire
protection equipment, equipment rooms and
equipment locations shall be constructed of durable
materials, be permanently installed and be readily
visible. Letters and numbers shall contrast with the
sign background, shall be at least two inches in
height and shall have an appropriate width-t'o-height
ratio to permit the sign to be read easily from a
distance of ten feet. The sign and location shall be
approved by the local fire department.
Exception: See also 780 CMR 906.8 for entrance
doors to sprinkler control valve rooms.
780 CMR 902.0 DEFINITIONS
902.1 General: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 9 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings shown
herein.
Alarm verification: A feature of automatic fire
detection systems to reduce unwanted alarms
wherein automatic fire detectors report alarm
conditions for a minimum period of time, or
confirm alarm conditions within a given period,
after being automatically reset to be accepted as a
valid alarm initiation signal (see 780 CMR 918.0).
Approval/Permit To Install: The term refers to
permits outside the jurisdiction of the building
official, issued under authority of M.G.L. c. 148,
§ 10Aor527CMR.
Authority Having Jurisdiction: The term
"Authority Having Jurisdiction" as used in the
NFPA Standards as referenced in 780 CMR 9,
shall mean the building official for enforcement of
780 CMR and the BBRS for interpretation, waiver
or variences (see 780 CMR 122.0, see official
interpretation number 35-94 listed in Appendix B)
Automatic: As applied to fire protection devices,
automatic refers to a device or system that
provides an emergency function without the
necessity of human intervention and activated as
a result of a predetermined temperature rise, rate
of temperature rise or increase in the level of
combustion products - such as incorporated in an
automatic sprinkler system, automatic fire door,
etc.
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Automatic fire suppression system: An engineered
system using carbon dioxide (CO,), foam, wet or
dry chemical, a halogenated extinguishing agent,
or an automatic sprinkler system to detect
automatically and suppress a fire through fixed
piping and nozzles (see 780 CMR 904.0).
Construction Documents: As defined in 780 CMR 2.
Deluge system: An automatic sprinkler system
consisting of open sprinklers with water supply
valves activated by a separate automatic detection
system (see 780 CMR 908.0).
Detector, heat: An alarm-initiating device that
detects abnormally high temperature or rate of
temperature rise (see 780 CMR 918.0).
Detector, smoke: An alarm-initiating device that
detects the visible or invisible particles of
combustion (see 780 CMR 918.0).
Emergency Voice/alarm signaling system: A
system that provides, to the occupants of a
building, dedicated manual or automatic facilities,
or both, for originating and distributing voice
instructions, as well as alert and evacuation
signals that pertain to a fire emergency (see
780 CMR 917.0).
Fire alarm box, manual: A manually operated
alarm-initiating device that activates a fire
protective signaling system (see 780 CMR 917.0).
Fire command station: (Fire command center) The
principal location where the status of the
detection, alarm, communications and control
systems is displayed, and from which the
system(s) has the capability for manual control
(see 780 CMR 403.7 and 917.9).
Fire Department Designee: An individual
authorized by the chief of the fire department to
review and approve fire protection system plans
and installation.
Fire detector, automatic: An alarm-initiating device
that automatically detects heat, smoke or other
products of combustion (see 780 CMR 918.0).
Fire Protection Construction Documents:
Documents containing the requirements of
780 CMR 903.1.1, 903.1.2, 903.1 .3.
Fire protection system: Devices, equipment and
systems used to detect a fire, activate an alarm,
suppress or control a fire, or any combination
thereof.
Fire Protective Signaling System (Fire Alarm
System): A system or portion of a combination
system consisting of components and circuits
arranged to monitor and annunciate the status of
fire alarm or supervisory signal initiating devices
and to initiate appropriate response to those
signals.
Household Fire Warning System: A household
fire warning system consists of single or multiple
station detectors or a listed control unit with
automatic fire detectors and occupant notification
appliances. The household fire warning system
serves only one dwelling unit, patient room, hotel
room or other single area depending on use group
requirements in 780 CMR 9 19.1 through 919.3
Installing Contractor: An individual or firm duly
licensed to install fire protection systems. (See
780 CMR 903.3)
• Automatic Sprinklers Systems - M.G.L.
c. 146, §§ 81 through 85 A, 528 CMR 12.00
• Fire Extinguishing systems - M.G.L. c. 148,
§§58, 527 CMR 23.00
• Fire Alarm Systems - M.G.L. c. 141, §§ I
through 10, M.G.L c. 143, § 3L to 3P
237 CMR 1. 00 through 6. 00
Maintenance of Fire Protections Systems:
Replacement or repair of any component or
components of a fire protection system, where
such does not effect system performance and
compatibility. (Also see Modifications,
Alterations, Additions or Deletions to Fire
Protection Systems). No building permit is
required for maintenance. Other permits,
however, may be required pursuant to M.G.L.
c.148, § 27A and 527 CMR.
Modifications, Alterations, Additions or Deletions
to Fire Protection Systems: Any changes which
effect the performance of the fire protection
system. (Also see maintenance). Such changes
require a building permit and are subject to other
permitting requirements pursuant to M.G.L.
c. 148, § 27A.
Master Box: A municipal fire alarm box that may
also be operated by remote means.
Municipal Fire Alarm System: A system of alarm
initiating devices, receiving equipment, and
connecting circuits (other than a public telephone
network) used to transmit alarms from street
locations to the public fire service
communications center.
Preaclion system: A fire sprinkler system employing
automatic sprinklers attached to a piping system
containing air with a supplemental fire detection
system installed in the same areas as the
sprinklers. Actuation of the fire detection system
automatically opens a valve that permits water to
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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
flow into the sprinkler piping system and to be
discharged from any open sprinklers (see
780 CMR 906.9.6).
Registered Professional Engineer: A Registered
Professional Engineer registered by the Board of
Registration of Professional Engineers and of
Land Surveyors in accordance with M.G.L.
c. 112, §§ 8 ID through 8 IT and 250 CMR (see
7S0 CMR 903.1.3 and 903.5).
Shop Drawings: Scaled detailed working drawings
(system layout) and equipment specifications (cut
sheets) indicating all information in accordance
with requirements of the applicable NFPA
Standards for the specific fire protection systems
to be installed in accordance with the Registered
Professional Engineer's plans and specifications.
Smoke detector, multiple station: Single-station
smoke detectors that are capable of being
interconnected such that actuation of one causes
all integral or separate audible alarms to operate
(see 780 CMR 919.0).
Smoke detector, single station: An assembly
incorporating the detector, the control equipment
and the alarm-sounding device in one unit, which
is operated from a power supply either in the unit
or obtained at the point of installation (see
780 CMR 919.0).
Sprinkler: A device, connected to a water supply
system, that discharges water in a specific pattern
for extinguishment or control of fire (see
780 CMR 906.0).
Sprinkler system, automatic: A sprinkler system, for
fire protection purposes, is an integrated system of
underground or overhead piping designed in
accordance with fire protection engineering
standards. The system includes a suitable water
supply. The portion of the system above the
ground is a network of specially or hydraulically
designed piping installed in a building, structure
or area, generally overhead, and to which
automatic sprinklers are connected in a systematic
pattern. The system is usually activated by heat
from a fire and discharges water over the fire area
(see 780 CMR 906.0).
Sprinkler system, limited area: An automatic
sprinkler system consisting of not more than 20
sprinklers within a fire area (see 780 CMR
907.0).
Standpipe system: A standpipe system is a fire
protection system consisting of an arrangement of
piping, valves, hose outlets and allied equipment
installed in a building or structure (see 780 CMR
914.0)
Supervisory device: An initiating device used to
monitor the conditions that are essential for the
proper operation of automatic fire-protection
systems (i.e., switches used to monitor the
position of gate valves, a low air-pressure switch
on a dry-pipe sprinkler system, etc.) (see
780 CMR 923.0).
Water supply, automatic: A water supply that is not
dependent on any manual operation, such as
making connections, operating valves or starting
pumps (see 780 CMR 914.5).
780 CMR 903.0 FIRE PROTECTION
SYSTEMS APPROVAL/ACCEPTANCE
903.1 Required: Complete fire protection
construction documents shall be submitted in
accordance with 780 CMR 110 and a building
permit obtained prior to the installation of all
"required" or "non required" fire protection systems,
including modifications, alterations, additions or
deletions to an existing fire protection system. The
fire protection construction documents shall contain
sufficient information to completely describe the fire
protection systems, including operational features.
The information required pursuant to 780 CMR
903.0 shall include, where required, the items listed
in 780 CMR 903.1.1:
Exception: Maintenance; no building permit
required.
903.1.1 Fire Protection Construction
Documents:
1. Basis (methodology) of design for the
protection of the occupancy and hazards for
compliance with 780 CMR and applicable
NFPA Standards, in the form of a narrative
report.
2. Building and site access for fire fighting
and/or rescue vehicle(s) and personnel.
3. Fire hydrant(s) location and water supply
information.
4. Type/description and design layout of the
automatic sprinkler system(s).
5. Automatic sprinkler system(s) control
equipment location.
6. Type/description and design layout of the
automatic standpipe system(s).
7. Standpipe system hose valve(s) type and
location.
8. Fire department Siamese connection type(s)
and location.
9. Type/description and design layout of the
fire protective signaling system(s).
10. Fire protective signaling system(s) control
equipment and remote annunciator location.
1 1. Type/description and design layout of the
smoke control or exhaust system(s).
12. Smoke control or exhaust system(s)
control equipment location.
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13. Building life safety system features
(auxiliary functions) required to be integrated
as part of the fire protective signaling
system(s).
14. Type/description and design layout of the
fire extinguishing system(s).
15. Fire extinguishing system(s) control
equipment location.
16. Fire protection system(s) equipment room
location.
17. Fire protection system(s) equipment
identification and operation signs.
18. Fire protection system(s) alarm/
supervisory signal transmission method and
location.
19. Sequence of operation of all fire protection
systems and operation in the form of a
narrative report.
20. Testing criteria to be used for final system
acceptance in the form of a narrative report.
903.1.2 Plans: All fire protection system plans
shall contain sufficient information to identify the
occupancy, hazards, system and equipment
arrangements, system and equipment sizing,
systems specifications, systems sequence(s) of
operation and design/engineering calculations.
903.1.3 Design: All fire protection systems and
fire protection system operation including
building and site features as identified in
780 CMR 903.1 1 shall be designed and specified
by a qualified Registered Professional Engin-
eers). All plans shall bear the original seal and
signature of the Registered Professional
Engineer(s), except as provided in M.G.L. c. 143,
§ 54A and any profession or trade as provided in
M.G.L. c. 112, § 60L and M.G.L. c. 112, §8 1R
Specifications shall include requirements for the
preparation of shop drawings when required by
780 CMR or applicable NFPA Standards. The
Registered Professional Engineer(s) shall be
responsible for the review and certify that all shop
drawings conform to the approved fire protection
construction documents as submitted for the
building permit and approved by the building
official.
903.1.4 As-built plans: In accordance with the
applicable referenced standards, as-built plans
shall be prepared by the contractor responsible for
the installation of the fire protection system for
those occupancies listed in 780 CMR 923.2.1(a)
through (e). As-built plans shall be provided to
the owner upon completion.
903.1.5 Safeguarding Construction: The fire
protection construction documents shall provide
specifications for conformance to 780 CMR 33
and NFPA-241 listed in Appendix A in order to
safeguard against fires during construction,
alterations and demolition of all buildings and
structures regulated by 780 CMR.
903.2 Authority: In accordance with the
requirements of 780 CMR 1 10 and 780 CMR 903.1
the building of official shall transmit one set of the
fire protection construction documents (780 CMR
903 .1.1) and building construction documents to the
head of the fire department or his designee for
review and approval of the items specified in
780 CMR 903.1.1.
Note:
1. M.G.L. c. 148 §§ 26H, 26G and 261, when
adopted by a city or town, will impact the fire
protection requirements of 780 CMR 9. A
building official should consult Official
Interpretation Number 45-96, listed in
Appendix B, for guidance.
2. In addition to the building permit requirements
for fire protection systems in 780 CMR, M.G.L.
c. 148 § 10A and 527 CMR may impose
additional installation permitting requirements.
903.2.1 Alternative Fire Protection Design
Methodologies - Independent Engineering
Review: Where alternative design methodologies
are utilized and where such methodologies result
in designs which vary from any prescriptive
requirement of 780 CMR, the owner shall engage
an independent registered professional engineer to
review said alternative design methodologies.
The scope of the independent registered
professional engineer review shall include, but not
be limited to the following;
(a) Review of the design assumptions,
methodologies and resulting proposed system
designs, to determine whether the proposed fire
protection system designs and any other
systems which are affected by the design
assumptions, are consistent with the general
objectives and prescriptive provisions of this
code and to determine whether or not the
methodologies and assumptions conform to
accepted engineering practice;
(b) Preparation of a written report to the
building official as to the appropriateness of
the proposed design, specifically listing any
variances from the prescriptive provisions of
780 CMR and describing, in detail, the design
provisions used to achieve compliance.
If the reviewing engineer concurs with the
proposed design, the owner shall make
application for a variance, to the State Building
Code Appeals Board as provided in 780 CMR
122. In addition to all supporting information and
materials, the reviewing engineer's report
required in 780 CMR 903.2. 1(b) shall be included
in the application for variance.
A building permit shall not be issued until the
variance, if required, has been granted, or unless
the building permit is issued in part, as provided
for in 780 CMR 111.13.
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903.3 Fire Protection Systems Installation: Fire
protection systems shall be installed by contractors
and personnel appropriately licensed in the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts (licensed
installing contractor). Shop drawings required for
submittals and reviews by the Registered
Professional Engineer, by 780 CMR 903.1.3 or by
applicable NFPA Standards shall note the name(s),
license number(s) and license expiration date(s) of
the contractor(s) installing the fire protection
systems.
903.4 Acceptance: In accordance with the
provisions of 780 CMR 120, a Certificate of
Occupancy shall not issue until the building official
and the head of the fire department or their
designees have witnessed a satisfactory functional
test of all fire protection systems, installed in
accordance with the approved fire protection
construction documents. All fire protection systems
shall be tested in accordance with the applicable
provisions of 780 CMR and NFPA Standards and
approved testing criteria and operational sequence as
submitted in 780 CMR 903 . 1 . 1 , items 1 9 and 20. In
addition, the following documents and/or
information shall be simultaneously submitted to the
building official and head of the fire department or
their designees prior to the witnessing of the
operational fire protection system(s) testing:
1. Certification, (PE Seal and signature) from the
Registered Professional Engineer responsible for the
design in accordance with 780 CMR 903. 1.3 stating
that the fire protection systems have been installed
in accordance with the approved fire protection
construction documents and that he has reviewed the
shop drawings for conformance to 780 CMR903.3
and has identified deviations if any, from the
approved fire protection construction documents.
2. Confirmation by the building owner/developer or
authorized representative that they have received the
as-built fire protection system shop drawings from
the installing contractor and that the Registered
Professional Engineer has certified their reasonable
accuracy.
3. Material, Test, Performance and Completion
Certificates, properly executed by the installing
contractor in accordance with the applicable NFPA
Standards.
Exception: In lieu of witnessing a satisfactory
functional test, the building official and head of
the fire department or their designees may accept
a final performance acceptance test report from a
Registered Professional Engineer. Said report
shall certify that a complete satisfactory
functional test of all fire protection systems in
accordance with the approved testing criteria and
operational sequence have been witnessed.
903.4.1 Conditional Acceptance: The
requirements of 780 CMR 903.4 shall not
preclude the issuance of a temporary Certificate
of occupancy by the Building Official in
accordance with 780 CMR 120.3.
780 CMR 904.0 FIRE SUPPRESSION
SYSTEMS
904.1 Where required: Automatic fire suppression
systems shall be installed where required by
780 CMR, and in the locations indicated in
780 CMR 904.2 through 904.9.
Exceptions:
1 . An automatic fire suppression system shall not
be required in portions of buildings that comply
with 780 CMR 406.0 for open parking structures
less than 70 feet in height above mean grade.
— 2.- -fa telecommunications equipment buildings,
an automatic fire suppression system shall not be
required in those spaces or areas occupied
exclusively for telecommunications equipment,
associated electrical power distribution
equipment, batteries and standby engines,
provided that those spaces or areas are equipped
throughout with an automatic fire detection
system in accordance with 780 CMR 918.0 and
are separated from the remainder of the building
with fire separation assemblies consisting of one-
hour fireresistance rated walls and two-hour
fireresistance rated floor/ceiling assemblies.
904.1.1 Additional requirements: When a
building or structure is provided with a fire alarm
system, all extinguishing systems installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR 904
through 914, shall be connected to the fire alarm
system in accordance with the requirements of
NFPA 72 as listed in Appendix A.
904.1.1.1 Fire pump requirements: Refer to
780 CMR 924.
904.2 Use Groups A-l, A-3, A-4, B, E, M, S-l,
F-l in buildings of 12,000 sf or greater in
aggregate floor area: An automatic fire suppression
system shall be provided throughout all portions or
uses of all buildings of 12,000 sf or greater in
aggregate area when any of the following uses are
located within the building;
A-l, A-3, A-4, B, E, M, S-l, F-l
780 CMR 904.2 shall apply whether or not the use is
separated from any other use within the building by
fire separation assemblies.
Exceptions:
1. Existing buildings: Existing buildings which
qualify as such in accordance with 780 CMR
3400.3.1 and which undergo a partial change in
use to a use or uses specified in 780 CMR 904.2
or are mixed use buildings which undergo
renovation of a use or uses specified in 780 CMR
904.2, shall be provided with automatic fire
suppression systems in accordance with the
following:
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(a) only in those portions of the building
which have been changed in use and only when
such space or spaces exceed 12,000 sf in
aggregate floor area.
(b) only in those portions of the building
which have been altered or renovated provided
that such renovation constitutes substantial
alterations or substantial renovations, in
accordance with 780 CMR 3401 and only
when such space or spaces exceed 12,000 sf in
aggregate floor area.
2. Public Garages: Public Garages shall conform
to 780 CMR 408.0.
Note: See also M.G.L. c. 148, § 26G.
904.3 Use Group A-2 in buildings of 5,000 sf or
greater in aggregate floor area: An automatic fire
suppression system shall be provided throughout all
portions or uses of all buildings of 5,000 sf or
greater in aggregate area when any A-2 use is
located within the building;
780 CMR 904.3 shall apply whether or not the
A-2 use is separated from any other use within the
building by fire separation assemblies.
Exception:
I. Existing buildings: Existing buildings which
qualify as such in accordance with 780 CMR
3400.3.1 which undergo a partial change in use to
an A-2 use or partial renovation of an existing A-
2 use shall be provided with an automatic fire
suppression system only in those portions of the
building which have been changed to an A-2 use
or those existing A-2 uses which have been
renovated when such renovation constitutes
substantial alterations or substantial renovations,
in accordance with 780 CMR 3401 and only when
the proposed or existing A-2 use exceeds 5,000 sf
in aggregate floor area.
904.4 Use Group H: An automatic fire suppression
system shall be provided throughout all buildings of
Use Group H.
Exception: Magazines used for the storage of Use
Group H-l materials which are constructed and
located in accordance with NFPA 495 and
527 CMR listed in Appendix A.
Note: See also M.G.L. c. 148, § 26G.
904.5 Use Group I: An automatic fire suppression
system shall be provided throughout all buildings of
Use Group I.
Note: See also M.G.L. c. 148, § 26G.
904.6 Use Group R-l: An automatic fire
suppression system shall be provided throughout all
buildings or spaces of Use Group R-l in accordance
with 780 CMR 906.2. 1 or 906.2.2.
904.7 Use Group R-2: An automatic fire
suppression system shall be provided throughout all
buildings with an occupancy in Use Group R-2 in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1 or 906.2.2.
Note: See also M.G.L. c. 148, § 26G.
904.8 Windowless story: An automatic fire
suppression system shall be provided throughout
every story or basement of all buildings where there
is not provided at least one of the following types of
openings:
1. An exterior stairway that conforms to the
requirements of 780 CMR 1014.0, or an outside
ramp that conforms to the requirements of
780 CMR 1016.0, leading directly to grade in
each 50 linear feet (15240 mm) or fraction thereof
of exterior wall in the story or basement, on at
least one side of the building.
2. Openings entirely above the adjoining ground
level totaling 20 square feet (1.9 m ) in each 50
linear feet (15240 mm) or fraction thereof of
exterior wall in the story or basement, on at least
one side of the building. Openings shall have a
least dimension of not less than 22 inches (559
mm), and shall have a minimum net clear opening
of five square feet (0.5m ). Access to such
openings from the exterior shall be provided to
the fire department and such openings shall be
unobstructed to allow fire-fighting and rescue
operations from the exterior.
When openings in a story are provided on only
one side and the opposite wall of such story is more
than 75 feet (22860 mm) from such openings, the
story shall be equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system, or openings as specified
herein shall be provided on at least two sides of the
exterior walls of the story. If any portion of a
basement is located more than 75 feet (22860 mm)
from the openings required in 780 CMR 904.0, the
basement shall be provided with an automatic
sprinkler system.
Exception: Occupancies in Use Group R-3.
904.9 Other required suppression systems: In
addition to the requirements of 780 CMR 904.2
through 904.8, automatic fire suppression systems
for certain buildings and areas shall be provided in
accordance with Table 904.9.
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Table 904.9
ADDITIONAL REQUIRED SUPPRESSION
SYSTEMS (1)
780 CMR Section
Subject
302.1.1
Specific occupancy areas
402.10; 402.15.2
Covered mall buildings
403.2
High-rise buildings
404.2
Atriums
408.3.1
Public garages
408.4
Fuel-dispensing areas
4
Bulk Merchandizing/Warehouse
Occupancies
780 CMR Section
Subject
411.7
Sound stages
412.6
Stages and enclosed platforms
413.4
Special amusement buildings
416.4
HPM facilities
419.3
Paint spray booths and storage
rooms
Open parking structures more than
70 feet in height above the mean
grade (M.G.L. c. 148, § 26A)
507.1
Unlimited area buildings
1020.3
Exit lobbies
2806.4
Drying rooms
2807.6
Waste and linen chutes and
termination and incinerator
rooms
2808.4
Refuse vaults
Note (1) See also M.G.L. c. 148, §§ 26A. 26G, 26H, and
261.
780 CMR 905.0 SUPPRESSION SYSTEM
AGENT COMPATIBDLjTTY
905.1 Agent compatibility: The extinguishing agent
for each suppression system shall be compatible with
the type of hazard and fire. Each fixed fire
suppression system shall be of an approved type and
shall be designed and installed in accordance with
the requirements of 780 CMR.
905.1.1 Special hazards: In rooms or buildings
containing combustibles (such as aluminum
powder, calcium carbide, calcium phosphide,
metallic sodium and potassium, quick-lime,
magnesium powder or sodium peroxide) that are
incompatible with water as an extinguishing
agent, other extinguishing agents shall be utilized.
780 CMR 906.0 FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM
906.1 General: Automatic sprinkler systems shall be
approved and shall be designed and installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR.
906.2 Equipped throughout: Where the provisions
of 780 CMR require that a building or portion
thereof be equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system, the system shall be designed and
installed in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1,
906.2.2 or 906.2.3.
Exception: Where water as an extinguishing
agent is not compatible with the fire hazard (see
780 CMR 905. 1) or is prohibited by a law, statute
or ordinance, the affected area shall be equipped
with an approved automatic fire suppression
system utilizing a suppression agent that is
compatible with the fire hazard.
906.2.1 NFiPA 13 systems: The system shall be
designed and installed in accordance with NFiPA
13 listed in Appendix A.
906.2.2 NFiPA 13R systems: In buildings four
stories or less in height, systems designed and
installed in accordance with NFiPA 13R listed in
Appendix A shall be permitted in Use Group 1-1
buildings with not more than 16 occupants and in
Use Group R buildings.
906.2.3 NFiPA 13D systems: In Use Group R-3
buildings with at least two-hour fireresistance
rated fire separation assemblies between dwelling
units, or in Use Group 1-1 buildings with not more
than eight occupants, systems designed and
installed in accordance with NfiPA 13D listed in
Appendix A shall be permitted.
906.3 Design: Design documentation shall be in
accordance with 780 CMR 903.
906.4 Actuation: Water sprinkler systems shall be
automatically actuated unless otherwise specifically
provided for in 780 CMR.
906.5 Sprinkler alarms: Approved audible or visual
alarm devices shall be connected to every water
sprinkler system. Such alarm devices shall be
activated by water flow and shall be located in an
approved location on the exterior of the building and
throughout the building in accordance with the
requirements ofNFPA-72 listed in Appendix A.
906.6 Water-control valve identification: All
valves controlling water to fire protection systems
shall be provided with permanently attached
identification tags indicating the valves' function and
what is controlled.
906.7 Sprinkler riser: A sprinkler system riser
which also serves as the wet standpipe riser in
buildings required to have or having both systems,
shall conform to 780 CMR 914.6.
906.8 Signs: Where sprinkler control valves are
located in a separate room or building, a sign shall
be provided on the entrance door. The lettering shall
be at least four inches (102 mm) in height and shall
otherwise conform to 780 CMR 901.6 and shall read
"Sprinkler Control Valves."
906.9 Acceptance tests: All sprinkler systems shall
be tested in accordance with the applicable NFPA
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Standards used for sprinkler system design and
Installation and listed in Appendix A.
906.9.1 Underground connections: Underground
mains and lead-in connections shall be flushed
and tested in accordance with NFiPA 13 and 24
list'-d in Appendix A.
906.9.2 Hydrostatic test: All sprinkler systems shall
be tested hydrostatically in accordance with the
applicable NFP A Standards listed in Appendix A.
780 CMR 907.0 LIMITED AREA SPRINKLER
SYSTEMS
907.1 General: A limited area sprinkler system shall
be of an approved type and shall be installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR 907.0.
Complete fire protection construction documents
shall be provided. (See 780 CMR 903.0.)
907.2 Where permitted: Where the provisions of
780 CMR require the installation of a fire
suppression system, and a water sprinkler
extinguishing system is used with a limited number
of sprinklers, a limited area sprinkler system that
complies with the requirements of 780 CMR 907.0
is permitted to be installed.
907.2.1 Special occupancy areas: A limited area
sprinkler system shall be permitted within special
occupancy areas as designated in 780 CMR 4 or
within specific occupancy areas as designated in
780 CMR 302.1.1, provided that the area is
enclosed within fire separation assemblies as
required by 780 CMR, and 20 sprinklers or less
are required to protect each separately enclosed
area. Where nonfireresistance rated separation
walls are permitted by Table 302.1.1 to enclose
contiguous specific occupancy areas on one floor,
the areas shall be considered to be one separately
enclosed area for the purposes of determining the
number of sprinklers based on the spacing
limitations ofNFPA 13 listed in Appendix A.
907.2.2 Unenclosed floor openings, waste and
linen chutes, and kitchen and hazardous
exhaust systems: A limited area sprinkler system
shall be permitted to protect unenclosed escalator
floor openings that comply with 780 CMR
907.2.2.1, chutes used for waste or linen
collection, commercial kitchen exhaust systems
and duct systems that exhaust hazardous
materials.
907.2.2.1 Water curtain: The area of the floor
opening shall not exceed twice the horizontal
projected area of the escalator and the opening
shall not connect more than four stories in
occupancies in other than Use Groups B and M
and the opening shall be protected by a draft
curtain and a closed sprinkler water system
conforming to NfiPA 13 listed in Appendix A
907.3 Design: Except as otherwise provided for in
780 CMR 907.0, a limited area sprinkler system
shall be designed and installed in accordance with
780 CMR 906.0.
907.4 Actuation: A limited area sprinkler system
shall be automatically actuated.
907.5 Sprinkler alarms: Alarms and alarm
attachments shall be required and shall be located
and installed in accordance with the requirements of
780 CMR 906.5.
907.6 Standpipe connection: The water supply for
the limited area sprinkler system shall be from the
building standpipe system where the building is
equipped with a standpipe system that is sized for a
500-gallon-per-minute (0.032 m Is) minimum flow
and has an automatic water supply (see 780 CMR
914.5).
907.6.1 Domestic supply: Where limited area
sprinkler systems are supplied from the domestic
water system, the domestic water system shall be
designed to support adequately the design flow of
the largest number of sprinklers required to be
hydraulically calculated by NFiPA 13 listed in
Appendix A in any one of the enclosed areas plus
the domestic demand.
907.6.2 Cross connection: The potable water
supply shall be protected against backflow in
accordance with the requirements of the Plumbing
and Gas Code (248 CMR), the Department of
Environmental Protection Regulations, 3 1 CMR
as listed in Appendix A as well as any cross-
connection protection criteria legally set forth by
the water supplier/purveyor having local
jurisdiction.
907.6.3 Domestic connection: Shutoff valves
shall not be permitted in the suppression system
piping. Water supply shall be controlled by the
riser control valve to the domestic water piping.
Exception: Shutoff valves in the sprinkler
system piping are permitted provided that such
valves are supervised in accordance with
780 CMR 923.0.
907.7 Acceptance tests: All limited area sprinkler
systems shall be tested as stipulated in 780 CMR
906.9.
780 CMR 908.0 WATER-SPRAY FIXED
SYSTEMS
908.1 General: Water-spray fixed systems for fire
suppression shall be of an approved type and shall
be installed in accordance with the provisions of
780 CMR and NFiPA 15 listed in Appendix A. A
water-spray fixed system is a system connected to a
reliable source of water supply and equipped with
normally open water-spray nozzles for specific
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discharge and distribution over the surface or area to
be protected.
908.2 Design: Completefire protection construction
documents and hydraulic calculations shall be
submitted for review prior to installation. The
submittal shall include nozzle layouts, friction loss,
calculations, water supply data and a detailed layout
of the entire area to be protected. (See 780 CMR
903.0.)
908.3 Actuation: Water-spray systems shall be
automatically actuated and shall be provided with a
manual means of actuation.
908.4 Acceptance tests: All new system piping shall
be flushed and tested in accordance with the
provisions of NFiPA 15 listed in Appendix A.
780 CMR 909.0 CARBON DIOXIDE
EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
909.1 General: Carbon dioxide extinguishing
systems shall be of an approved type and shall be
installed in accordance with the provisions of
780 CMR and NFiPA 12 listed in Appendix A. A
carbon dioxide extinguishing system is a system
which supplies CO, from a pressurized vessel
through fixed pipes and nozzles.
909.2 Design: The details of the system indicated on
the fire protection construction documents shall
include information and calculations of the amount
of carbon dioxide; the location and flow rate of each
nozzle including equivalent orifice area; and the
location and size of the carbon dioxide storage
facility. Information shall be submitted pertaining to
the location and function of detecting devices,
operating devices, auxiliary equipment and electrical
circuitry, if used. Sufficient information shall be
indicated to identify properly the apparatus and
devices used. Any special features shall be
adequately explained. (See 780 CMR 903.0.)
909.3 Actuation: Carbon dioxide extinguishing
systems shall be automatically actuated and shall be
provided with a manual means of actuation.
909.4 Safety requirements: Where persons will
enter or be trapped in atmospheres made hazardous
by carbon dioxide discharge, warning signs and
discharge alarms shall be provided.
909.5 Acceptance tests: All carbon dioxide
extinguishing systems shall be tested in accordance
with NFiPA 12 listed in Appendix A. A completed
system shall be tested for tightness up to the selector
valve, and for continuity of piping with free
unobstructed flow beyond the selector valve. The
labeling of devices with proper designations and
instructions shall be checked. Operational tests shall
be conducted on all devices except cylinder valves
in multicylinder high-pressure systems. Where
conditions prevail that make it difficult to determine
adequately the system requirements or design, a
suitable discharge test and concentration analysis
shall be made.
780 CMR 910.0 DRY-CHEMICAL
EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
910.1 General: Dry-chemical extinguishing systems
shall be of an approved type and shall be installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR and
NFiPA 17 listed in Appendix A. A dry-chemical
extinguishing system is a system consisting of dry
chemical and expellant gas storage tanks, fixed
piping and nozzles used to assure proper distribution
of an approved extinguishing agent to a specific fire
hazard or into an area of potential fire.
910.2 Design: The details of the system indicated on
the fire protection construction documents shall
include sufficient information and calculations of the
amount of dry chemical; the size, length and
arrangement of connected piping, or piping and
hose; and a description and location of nozzles so
that the adequacy of the system can be determined.
Information shall be submitted pertaining to the
location and function of detecting devices, operating
devices, auxiliary equipment and electrical circuitry,
if used. Sufficient information shall be indicated to
identify properly the apparatus and devices used.
Any special features shall be adequately explained.
(See 780 CMR 903.0.)
910.3 Actuation: Dry-chemical extinguishing
systems shall be automatically actuated and shall be
provided with a manual means of actuation.
910.4 Safety requirements: Where persons will be
exposed to a dry-chemical discharge, warning signs
and discharge alarms shall be provided.
910.5 Acceptance tests: All dry-chemical
extinguishing systems shall be tested in accordance
with NFiPA 17 listed in Appendix A. A completed
system shall be tested by a discharge of expellant
gas through the piping and nozzles. Observations for
gas leakage and for continuity of piping with free
unobstructed flow shall be made. Observations shall
be made of the flow of expellant gas through all
nozzles. The labeling of devices with proper
designations and instructions shall be checked. After
testing, all piping and nozzles shall be blown clean
using compressed air or nitrogen, and the system
shall be properly charged and placed in the normal
"set" condition.
910.5.1 Discharge test: All systems shall be
tested by a discharge of expellant gas through the
piping and nozzles with observations being made
of the flow of expellant gas through all nozzles as
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well as observing for leakage and continuity of
piping with free unobstructed flow.
910.6 Range hoods: In addition to the requirements
of 780 CMR 910.0 and the applicable NFPA
standards listed in Appendix A, range hood dry-
chemical systems shall bear the label of an approved
agency.
The system shall be installed in accordance with
the manufacturer's installation instructions. The dry-
chemical agent of the system shall be nontoxic.
780 CMR 911.0 FOAM-EXTINGUISHING
SYSTEMS
911.1 General: Foam-extinguishing systems shall be
of an approved type and shall be installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR and
NFiPA 11, 11A and 16 listed in Appendix A. A
foam-extinguishing system is a special system
designed to discharge, either mechanically or
chemically, a foam made from concentrates, over the
area to be protected.
911.2 Design: The details of the system indicated on
the fire protection construction documents shall
include complete computations show-testing
pressure drop in all system piping, friction loss
calculations of liquid lines and a detailed layout of
the entire hazard area to be protected. Hydraulic
characteristics of foam proportioners and foam
makers as determined by tests shall be supplied by
the manufacturer to the department (including the
range of operating conditions required for the
proposed installation) to permit determination of the
adequacy of the hydraulics of the proposed
protection. (See 780 CMR 903.0.)
911.3 Actuation: A foam-extinguishing system shall
be automatically actuated and shall be provided with
a manual means of actuation.
911.4 Safety requirements: In any proposed use of
a medium- or high-expansion foam where persons
will be exposed to the foam discharge, warning signs
and discharge alarms shall be provided.
911.5 Acceptance tests: All foam-extinguishing
systems shall be tested in accordance with NFiPA
11, 1 1 1 A and 16 listed in Appendix A. The system
shall be subjected to a flow test to insure that the
hazard area is fully protected in compliance with the
design specifications, and to determine flow
pressures, actual discharge capacity, foam quality,
consumption rate of foam-producing materials,
manpower requirements and other operating
characteristics.
780 CMR 912.0 HALOGENATED
EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
912.1 General: Halogenated extinguishing systems
shall be of an approved type and shall be installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR and
NFiPA 12 A and 12B listed in Appendix A. A
halogenated extinguishing system is a system
consisting of pipes, open nozzles and a container of
halogenated agent under pressure.
912.2 Design: The details of the system indicated on
the fire protection construction documents shall
include information and calculations of the amount
of extinguishing agent; the container storage
pressure; the location and flow rate of each nozzle
including equivalent orifice area; the location, size
and equivalent lengths of pipe, fittings and hose; and
the location and size of the storage facility.
Information shall be submitted pertaining to the
location and function of detecting devices, operating
devices, auxiliary equipment and electrical circuitry,
if used. Sufficient information shall be indicated to
identify properly the apparatus and devices used.
Any special features shall be adequately explained.
(See 780 CMR 903.0.)
912.3 Actuation: Halogenated extinguishing
systems shall be automatically actuated and shall
also be provided with a manual means of actuation.
912.4 Safety requirements: Where persons will
enter or be trapped in atmospheres made hazardous
by a halogenated system discharge, warning signs
and discharge alarms shall be provided.
912.5 Acceptance tests: All halogenated
extinguishing systems shall be tested in accordance
with NFiPA 12A and 12B listed in Appendix A.
completed system shall be tested for tightness up to
the selector valve, and for continuity of piping with
free unobstructed flow beyond the selector valve.
The labeling of devices with proper designations and
instructions shall be checked. Operational tests shall
be conducted on all devices except cylinder valves
in multicylinder systems. Where conditions prevail
that make it difficult to determine adequately the
system requirements or design, a suitable discharge
test and concentration analysis shall be made.
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780 CMR 913.0 WET-CHEMICAL RANGE
HOOD EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
913.1 General: Wet-chemical extinguishing systems
shall be installed in accordance with the provisions
of 780 CMR 913.0, and the BOCA Mechanical Code
and NFiPA 17A listed in Appendix A The system
shall bear the label of an approved agency and shall
be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instructions. A wet-chemical system is a
solution of water and potassium-car-bonate-based
chemical, potassium-acetate-based chemical or a
combination thereof which forms the extinguishing
agent.
913.2 Design: The details of the system indicated on
the fire protection construction documents shall
include sufficient information and calculations on
the amount of wet chemical; the size, length and
arrangement of connected piping; and a description
and location of nozzles so that the adequacy of the
system can be determined. Information shall be
submitted pertaining to the location and function of
detecting devices, operating devices, auxiliary 7
equipment and electrical circuitry, if used Sufficient
information shall be indicated to identify properly
the apparatus and devices used. Any special features
shall be adequately explained. (See 780 CMR
903.0.)
913.3 Actuation: Wet-chemical extinguishing
systems shall be automatically actuated and shall be
provided with a manual means of actuation.
913.4 Safety requirements Where persons will be
exposed to a wet-chemical discharge, warning signs
and discharge alarms shall be provided
913.5 Acceptance tests: All wet-chemical
extinguishing systems shall be tested in accordance
with NFiPA 1 7 A listed in Appendix A . A completed
system shall be tested by discharge of wet chemical
in sufficient amounts to verify that the system is
properly installed and functional. Tests shall include
a check of the detection systems, the alarms and the
releasing devices, including manual stations, fuel
and power shutoff devices and other associated
equipment.
913.5.1 Discharge test: All systems shall be
tested by a discharge of expellant gas through the
piping and nozzles with observations being made
of the flow of expellant gas through all nozzles as
well as observing for leakage and continuity of
piping with free unobstructed flow.
780 CMR 914.0 STANDPIPE SYSTEMS
914.1 General: Standpipe systems shall be designed,
installed and maintained in accordance with the
provisions of 780 CMR and NFPA-14 listed in
Appendix A. Where standpipe systems are required
by 780 CMR, such systems shall be automatic wet
systems. Automatic dry and semi-automatic dry
standpipe systems shall be permitted only in areas
subject to freezing. Complete fire protection
construction documents shall be provided. (See
780 CMR 903.0.)
914.2 Where required: Class III standpipe systems
shall be installed where required by 780 CMR
914.2.1 through 906.2.11 and shall be located in
accordance with the provisions of NFPA 14, listed in
Appendix A.
914.2.1 Use Group A: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group A
when:
1 . Two or more stories in height of Use Group
A-l. A-2, or A-3, and having an occupant load
or more than 300, or;
2. Three or more stories in height regardless
of the area per floor; or;
3 Having an auditorium seating over 500.
Standpipes shall be located one on each side of
the auditorium in each tier, one in each
mezzanine, one in each tier of dressing rooms,
and protecting each property, store and work
room; or:
4 Having a stage. Standpipes shall be located
on each side of the stage.
Such standpipes shall be not less that 2'/2-inch
diameter, equipped with approved 1 14 inch hose
station.
914.2.2 Use Group B: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group B
when:
1 . Three or more stories in height, and more
than 3,000 square feet in area per floor; or;
2 Four or more stories in height regardless of
the area per floor.
914.2.3 Use Group E: In buildings or structures
or portions thereof of Use Group E when three or
more stories in height regardless of the area per
floor or when having a stage or auditorium in
accordance with 780 CMR 914.2.1(3) and
914.2.1(4).
914.2.4 Use Group F: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group F
when:
i Three or more stories in height, and more
than 3,000 square feet in area per floor, or;
2. Four or more stories in height regardless of
the area per floor.
914.2.5 Use Group H: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group H
when:
1 . Three or more stories in height, and more
than 10,000 square feet in area per floor; or;
2. Four or more stories in height, regardless of
the area per floor.
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914.2.6 Use Group I: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group I,
three or more stories in height, regardless of the
area per floor.
914.2.7 Use group M: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group M
when:
1 . Three stories or more in height, and more
than 3,000 square feet in area per floor, or;
2. Four or more stories in height regardless of
the area per floor, or,
3 Classified as a covered mall building
within the mall portions (see 780 CMR 4).
4. Classified as a bulk/merchandising
warehouse. (See 780 CMR 4.)
914.2.8 Use Group R-l and R-2: In all buildings
or structures or portions thereof of Use Group R-l
and R-2 when:
1 Three or more stories in height and of Use
Group R-l regardless of the area per floor; or;
2. Three or more stories in height and more
than 10.000 square feet in area per floor, or;
3. Four or more stories in height regardless of
the area per floor
914.2.9 Use Group S: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group S,
other than public garages which shall conform to
780 CMR 914.2. 10 when:
1 . Three or more stories in height, or Use
Group S-l, and more than 3,000 square feet in
area per floor; or;
2. Three or more stories in height. Use Group
S-2, and more than 10,000 square feet in area
per floor; or;
3. Four or more stories in height of Use
Groups S-l or S-2 regardless of the area per
floor.
914.2.10 Use Group U: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group U
when:
1 . Three or more stories in height and more
than 10,000 square feet in area per floor; or;
2. Four or more stories in height regardless of
the area per floor.
914.2.11 Public Garages: In all Group I and 1 1
public garages and open parking structures when:
1. More than 10,000 square feet in area per
floor; or;
2. More than 7,500 square feet in area per
floor and more than one story in height; or;
3. More than 5,000 square feet in area per
floor, and more than two stories in height; or;
4. More than three stories in height; or;
5. Located in buildings where the upper
stories are designed for other uses: or;
6 When located in any story that is more than
50% below grade.
Exception: Standpipe systems can be
"Class I Manual Dry Type" as defined by
NFPA-14 for open parking structures less
than 70' in height
914.3 Standpipe system piping sizes: The riser
piping, supply piping, and the water service piping
shall be hydraulically sized in accordance with the
provisions of NFPA-14 listed in Appendix A.
Exception: The residual pressure(s) as noted in
NFPA-14 are not required to be maintained in
buildings less than 70 feet in height which are
equipped throughout with an approved automatic
fire suppression system. The system shall be sized
based on a 150 psi minimum inlet pressure at the
Siamese connection
914.4 High-rise buildings All buildings more than
70 feet in height above the mean grade shall have
each floor supplied by a minimum of two
combination standpipe/sprinkler risers installed in
accordance with the requirements of NFPA-14,
listed in Appendix A
914.5 Outlets: Standpipe system outlets shall
comply with the provisions for, Class III Systems of
NFPA-14 as listed in Appendix A
914.6 Acceptance Tests: All Standpipe systems
shall be tested in accordance with NFPA listed in
Appendix A
914.6.1 Underground Connections:
Underground mains and lead-in connections shall
be flushed and tested in accordance with NFPA
14 and NFPA 24 listed in Appendix A
914.7 Standpipe system requirements for
buildings under construction or demolition:
914.7.1 General: Standpipes required by
780 CMR 914.7 are to be either temporary or
permanent in nature, with or without a water
supply, provided, however, that such standpipes
conform to the requirements of 780 CMR 914.0 as
to number of risers, capacity, outlets and
materials.
914.7.2 Buildings under construction or
demolition: Standpipe requirements for buildings
under construction or demolition shall be in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR
3305.3 and NFPA 241 as listed in Appendix A
780 CMR 915.0 FIRE DEPARTMENT
CONNECTIONS
915.1 Required: All required water fire-
extinguishing and standpipe systems shall be
provided with a fire department connection in
accordance with the applicable NFPA standards
Standpipes in buildings under construction or
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demolition shall conform to 780 CMR 3305.3 and
NFPA 24 1 listed in Appendix A.
Exceptions:
1 . Limited area sprinkler systems supplied from
the domestic water system.
2. Where the local fire department approves a
single connection for large diameter hose of at
least four inches.
3 . An automatic sprinkler system with less than
20 sprinklers.
915.2 Connections: Fire department connections
shall be arranged in such a manner that the
attachment to any one water sprinkler connection
will serve all sprinklers, and the attachment to any
one standpipe connection will serve all standpipes
within the building.
915.3 Location: Fire department connections shall
be located and shall be visible on a street front or in
a location approved by the fire department. Such
connections shall be located so that immediate
access is provided to the fire department. Fire
department connections shall not be obstructed by
fences, brushes, trees, walls or any other similar
object.
915.4 Height: Fire department connections shall not
be less than 18 inches (457 mm) and not more than
42 inches (1067 mm) in elevation, measured from
the ground level to the centerline of the inlets.
915.5 Projection: Where the fire department
connection will otherwise project beyond the
property line or into the public way, a flush-type fire
department connection shall be provided.
915.6 Hose thread: Hose thread in the fire
department connection shall be uniform with that
used by the local fire department.
915.7 Fittings: Fire department inlet connections
shall be fitted with check valves, ball drip valves and
plugs with chains or frangible caps.
915.8 Signs: A metal sign with raised letters at least
one inch (25 mm) in height shall be mounted on all
fire department connections serving sprinklers or
standpipes. Such signs shall read "Automatic
Sprinklers" or "Standpipe," or both, as applicable.
780 CMR 916.0 YARD HYDRANTS/
UNDERGROUND FIRE MAINS
916.1 Fire hydrants: Fire hydrants and underground
fire mains installed on private property shall be
located and installed as directed by the fire
department. Hydrants shall conform to the standards
of the administrative authority of the jurisdiction and
the fire department. Hydrants shall not be installed
on a water main less than six inches in diameter
Standards of construction shall be in accordance
with NFPA 24 as listed in Appendix A.
780 CMR 917.0 FTRE PROTECTIVE
SIGNALING SYSTEMS
( Fire Alarm System )
917.1 General: Fire protective signaling systems
shall be of an approved type and shall be installed in
accordance with the provisions of 7S0 CMR and
NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A.
917.2 Fire Protection Construction documents:
Where a fire protective signaling system is required
by 780 CMR, the fire protection construction
documents shall show the location and number of all
alarm-initiating devices and alarm notification
appliances, and shall provide a description of all
equipment to be used, proposed zoning, a list of
auxiliary control functions (i.e., elevator capture),
location of the control panel(s) and annunciator(s),
and a complete sequence of operation for the system.
(Also see 780 CMR 903.0)
917.3 Approval: All devices, combinations of
devices, appliances and equipment shall be approved
for the fire protective signaling purpose for which
such equipment is used.
917.4 Where required: A fire protective signaling
system shall be installed and maintained in full
operating condition in the locations described in
780 CMR 917.4.1 through 917.4.6.
917.4.1 Use Group A or E: A fire protective
signaling system shall be installed and maintained
in all occupancies in Use Group A or E.
917.4.2 Use Group B: A fire protective signaling
system shall be installed and maintained in all
occupancies in Use Group B where such buildings
have occupied floors which are two or more
stories above the lowest level of exit discharge or
which have floors two or more stories below the
highest level of exit discharge.
917.4.3 Use Group H: A fire protective signaling
system shall be installed and maintained in all
occupancies in Use Groups H.
917.4.4 Use Group I: A fire protective signaling
system shall be installed and maintained in all
occupancies in Use Group I.
917.4.5 Use Group R-l: A fire protective
signaling system shall be installed and maintained
in all occupancies in Use Group R-l.
917.4.6 Use Group R-2: A fire protective
signaling system shall be installed and maintained
in all occupancies in Use Group R-2 containing
1 3 or more dwelling units or where any dwelling
unit is located more than three stories above the
lowest level of exit discharge or more than one
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story below the highest level of exit discharge of
exits serving the dwelling unit.
917.5 Location: Manual fire alarm boxes shall be
located not more than five feet (1524 mm) from the
entrance to each exit. Manual fire alarm boxes shall
be located in each story including basements. In
buildings of use group A where a stage is provided,
a manual fire alarm box shall be located next to the
lighting control panel.
Exception:
1. In buildings of use group A, assembly
occupancy, and where approved by the local fire
department, manual fire alarm boxes may be
omitted at exits and any other required locations,
but shall be provided at constantly attended
locations such as ticket booths, refreshment
facilities, bars, etc. Where the building official
determines that it is impractical to have a
constantly attended location in an assembly
occupancy other than a theater, manual fire alarm
boxes shall be provided at each required building
exit.
2. Manual fire alarm boxes are not required in an
occupancy in Use Group B where the height of
the building is 70 feet or less above the lowest
level of fire department vehicle access and the
building is equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system, and/or an automatic
fire detection system or combination thereof, in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.0
917.5.1 Manual fire alarm boxes: The height of
the manual fire alarm boxes shall be a minimum
of 42 inches (1067 mm) and a maximum of 54
inches (1372 mm) measured vertically, from the
floor level to the activating handle or lever of the
box. Manual fire alarm boxes shall be red in
color. In all occupancies in Use Group 1-3, the
manual fire alarm boxes shall be permitted to be
locked in areas where staff is present whenever
such areas are occupied and keys are readily
available to unlock the boxes, or the boxes shall
be located in a manned staff location which has
direct supervision of the sleeping area.
Exception: Where 521 CMR, Architectural
Access Board regulations apply, manual fire
alarm box height shall be as prescribed in
521 CMR.
917.6 Power supply: The primary and secondary
power supply for the fire protective signaling system
shall be provided in accordance with NFPA 72 listed
in Appendix A.
917.7 Wiring: All wiring shall conform to the
requirements of NFPA 72 and 527 CMR 12.00:
Massachusetts Electrical Code listed in Appendix A
Wireless systems utilizing radio frequency
transmitting devices shall comply with the special
requirements for supervision of low-power wireless
systems in NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A.
917.7.1 Activation: The alarm notification
appliances shall be automatically activated by all
of the following where provided:
1. Smoke detectors, other than single- and
multiple-station smoke detectors, as required
by 780 CMR 919.0;
2. Sprinkler water-flow devices;
3. Manual fire alarm boxes; and
4 Other approved types of automatic fire
detection devices, extinguishing, or
suppression systems.
Exceptions:
1. Smoke detectors in an occupancy in Use
Group 1-3 are permitted to actuate an audible
alarm-indicating appliance at a constantly
attended location and are not required to
activate a general alarm.
2. Audible alarms in buildings of Use
Group A with an occupant load greater than
300 persons shall sound only in a constantly
attended receiving station within the
building for purposes of initiating emergen-
cy action. Occupant notification shall be by
means of either voice or prerecorded
message announcement initiated by the
person in the constantly attended receiving
station and in accordance with 780 CMR
917.9. In buildings of Use Group A utilizing
reduced lighting levels on a regular basis,
lights providing normal lighting levels shall
be activated simultaneously with the
beginning of the voice or prerecorded
message announcement. Where the building
official determines that it is impractical to
have a constantly attended location in an
assembly occupancy the fire alarm system
shall be arranged to automatically provide
prerecorded evacuation instructions.
3. For mixed use group occupancies that
contain an A use group the use group A area
shall be in accordance with 780 CMR
917.7.1 exception 2.
917.7.1.1 Length of evacuation signal:
Automatic deactivation of audible and visible
alarms shall not be allowed.
Exception: Automatic deactivation of
audible alarms after a period of operation of
15 minutes shall be permitted when
approved by the local fire department.
Automatic deactivation of audible alarms
shall only be permitted when the fire alarm
system is supervised in accordance with
780 CMR 923.2 or by an approved auxiliary
fire alarm system in accordance with NFPA
72.
917.7.2 Presignal or positive alarm sequence
system: Presignal or positive alarm sequence
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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
systems shall not be installed unless approved by
the code official and by the local fire department.
Where a presignal or positive alarm sequence
system is installed, 24-hour supervision by
trained personnel shall be provided at a location
approved by the local fire department, in order
that the alarm signal can be actuated in the event
of fire or other emergency.
917.7.3 Zones: Each floor shall be zoned
separately and a zone shall not exceed 20,000
square feet (1860 m 2 ). The length of any zone
shall not exceed 300 feet (91440 mm) in any
direction. A zoning indicator panel and the
associated controls shall be provided in a location
approved by the local fire department. Where
individually addressable alarm initiating devices
are used, a single circuit ( or pathway ) shall not
exceed the above size limitations unless the
circuit is a Class A circuit, and the style and
device loading meets the requirements for
proprietary systems as listed in NFPA 72. Where
individually addressable alarm initiating devices
are logically combined into groups for
annunciation purposes, the above zone size
limitations shall apply to the group. The local fire
department shall approve all zone and point
descriptions. The visual zone indication shall lock
in until the system is reset and shall not be
canceled by the operation of an audible alarm -
silencing switch. In buildings that have floors
located more than 70 feet above the lowest level
of fire department vehicle access which are
occupied for human occupancy, a separate zone
by floor shall be provided for the following types
of alarm-initiating devices where provided:
1. Smoke detectors;
2. Sprinkler water-flow devices;
3. Manual fire alarm boxes; and
4. Other approved types of automatic fire
detection devices, extinguishing, or
suppression systems.
Exceptions:
1 . Automatic sprinkler system zones shall not
exceed the area permitted by NFPA 1 3 listed in
Appendix A.
2. Duct type smoke detectors shall be
separately identified with a remote test/
indicator station. The location of the remote
test/indicator shall be approved by the local
fire department.
917.8 Alarm notification appliances: Alarm
notification appliances of the approved type shall be
provided.
917.8.1 Visible alarms: Visible alarm notification
appliances shall be provided in accordance with
NFPA 72 and 521 CMR in public and common
areas of all buildings and areas of buildings
housing the hearing impaired and where required
by 521 CMR. In occupancies in Use Groups I- 1
and R- 1, all required accessible sleeping rooms
and suites plus an additional number of sleeping
rooms or suites in accordance with Table 917.8.1
shall be provided with a visible alarm notification
appliance, activated by both the in-room smoke
detector and the building fire protective signaling
system. -In hospital intensive care units, special
care units and operating rooms, the audible signal
need not be sounded; however a visual alarm shall
be displayed with an approved device.
Table 917.8.1
VISIBLE AND AUDIBLE ALARMS
Number of sleeping
rooms or suites
Sleeping
visible
rooms or suites with
and audible alarms
6 to 25
26 to 50
1
51 to 75
76 to 100
3
4
101 to 150
151 to 200
201 to 300
5
6
7
301 to 400
40 1 to 500
8
9
501 to 1,000
1 ,00 1 and over
20 plus
2% of total
1 for each 1 00 over
1,000
917.8.2 Audible alarms: Audible alarm
notification appliances shall be provided and shall
sound a distinctive sound which shall not be used
for any purpose other than that of a fire alarm.
The audible alarm notification appliances shall
provide a sound pressure level of 15 dBA above
the average ambient or 5 dBA above the maxi-
mum sound level having a duration of at least 60
seconds ( whichever is greater ) sound level in
every occupied space within the building. The
minimum sound pressure levels shall be: 70 dBA
in occupancies in Use Groups R and 1-1; 90 dBA
in mechanical equipment rooms; and 60 dBA in
all other use groups. The maximum sound
pressure level for audible alarm notification
appliances shall be 120 dBA at the minimum
hearing distance from the audible appliance.
917.8.2.1 All audible evacuation signals shall
have a synchronized three - pulse temporal
pattern in accordance with NFPA 72.
917.9 Voice/alarm signaling system: A voice/alarm
signaling system shall be provided where required
by other sections of 780 CMR. When activated in
accordance with 780 CMR 917.7.1, the voice/alarm
signaling system shall automatically sound an alert
signal to all occupants within the building on a
general or selective basis to the following terminal
areas: elevators, elevator lobbies, corridors, exit
stairways, rooms and tenant spaces exceeding 1,000
square feet (93 m 2 ) in area; dwelling units in
occupancies in Use Group R-2; and guestrooms or
suites in occupancies in Use Group R- 1 The fire
command station shall contain controls to transmit
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manually an evacuation signal and voice instructions
on a selective and all-call basis to the terminal areas
indicated herein. The voice/alarm system shall be
designed and installed in accordance with the
provisions of 780 CMR, 527 CMR and NFPA 72
listed in Appendix A.
Exception: A distinctive signal in lieu of a voice
alarm is permitted in an occupancy in Use Group
ForS.
917.9.1 The sequence of operation of the voice
alarm signaling system shall be as follows:
1. Sound an alert (pre-signal) tone (the alert
tone shall be a 900 hertz tone pulsed to
produce one round of code 4 at approximately
one second intervals.
2. Activate the recorded message regarding
the evacuation procedure. The alarm and com-
munications system shall provide a pre-record-
ed message to all required areas. The message
shall contain the following information. "
attention please. The signal tone you have just
head indicated a report of an emergency in this
building. If your floor evacuation signal sounds
after this message, walk to the nearest stairway
and leave the floor. While the report is being
verified, occupants on other floors should
await further instructions."
This message shall be transmitted three
times.
A female voice shall be used for this
message.
3 . Activate the evacuation signal on the floor
of incident and the next floor above and below
(the evacuation signal shall be in accordance
with 780 CMR 917.8.2.1
917.10 Acceptance tests: Upon completion of the
fire protective signaling system, all alarm
notification devices and circuits, alarm indicating
appliances and circuits, supervisory-signal initiating
devices and circuits, signaling line circuits, and
primary and secondary power supplies shall be
subjected to a 100% acceptance test in accordance
with NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A and 780 CMR
903.0.
780 CMR 918.0 AUTOMATIC FIRE
DETECTION SYSTEMS
918.1 General: Automatic fire detection systems
shall be of an approved type and shall be installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR and
NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A.
918.2 Fire Protection Construction documents:
Where an automatic fire detection system is required
by 780 CMR, the fire protection construction
doaimentsshail show the location and number of all
automatic fire detectors with specifications of the
type of fire detector, proposed zoning and a
complete sequence of operation for the system. The
system shall be installed in accordance with
780 CMR 918.0 and shall be part of and be subject
to the requirements of a fire protective signaling
system specified in 780 CMR 917.0. (Also see
780 CMR 903.0)
918.3 Approval: All devices, combinations of
devices, appliances and equipment shall be approved
for the fire signaling purpose for which such
equipment is used. The automatic fire detectors
shall be smoke detectors, except an approved
alternative type of detector shall be installed in
spaces such as boiler rooms where, during normal
operation, products of combustion are present in
sufficient quantity to actuate a smoke detector.
918.4 Where required: An automatic fire detection
system shall be installed and maintained in full
operating condition in the locations described in
780 CMR 918.4.1 through 918.4.7.
918.4.1 Use Group A-4: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed in all
occupancies of use group A-4.
918.4.2 Use Group E: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed in all
occupancies of use group E.
918.4.3 Use Group 1-1: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed and maintained
in all occupancies in Use Group 1-1 .
918.4.4 Use Group 1-2: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed and maintained
in all occupancies in Use Group 1-2.
Exception: Occupancies that are equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system
in accordance with 780 CMR 906.0 and that
comply with 780 CMR 409.0.
918.4.5 Use Group 1-3: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed and maintained
in all resident housing areas of Use Group 1-3.
Smoke detectors shall be arranged and positioned
to prevent damage or tampering provided that the
function and speed of detecting a fire is equivalent
to that provided by the spacing and arrangement
requirements of NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A.
918.4.6 Use Group R-l: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed and maintained
throughout all occupancies in Use Group R-l and
in accordance with table 918.
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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
TABLE 918
RESIDENTIAL FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS
Use
Group
Number
of Units
Umt Occupant
Protection
Other Occupant
Protection
Standby
Power
Manual
Stations
Zoned
Provision for Fire
Department Notification
R-3
1 or 2
Yes
919.3.2
Note a
Yes
919.5
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
R-i
3 to 12
Yes
919.3.1
Yes
918.4.6
Yes
917.6
Yes
917.4 5
N.A.
N.A.
R-2
3 to 12
Yes
919.3.2
Yes
918.4.7
Yes
919.5
Yes
917.4.6
N.A.
N.A.
R-l
1 3 or more
Yes
919.3.1
Yes
918.4.6
Yes
917.6
Yes
917.4.5
Yes
917.7.3
Yes
923.2
R-2
1 3 or more
Yes
919.3.2
Yes
918.4.7
Yes
9195
Yes
917.4.6
Yes
917.7.3
Yes
923.2
Note a: Where common areas exist.
Exceptions:
1. An automatic fire detection system is not
required in buildings that do not have interior
corridors serving guestrooms or dwelling units
and where all guestrooms or dwelling units
have a means of egress door opening directly
to an exterior exit access which leads directly
to the exits.
2. System smoke detectors are not required in
guestrooms or dwelling units provided that the
single-station detectors required by 780 CMR
919.3.1 are connected to the emergency
electrical system and are annunciated by
guestroom or dwelling unit at a constantly
attended location from which the fire
protective signaling system is capable of being
manually activated.
3. A system heat detector shall be required
within each guest room or dwelling unit
located not more than six feet from each door
way that leads to an interior corridor or exit
System heat detectors shall not be required
where the guestroom, or dwelling unit is
equipped with residential sprinklers that when
activated will activate the fire protective
signaling system.
918.4.7 Use Group R-2: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed and maintained
throughout all occupancies in use group R-2 and
in accordance with table 918.
Exceptions:
1. An automatic fire detection system is not
required in buildings that do not have interior
corridors serving guestrooms or dwelling units
and where all guestrooms or dwelling units
have a means of egress door opening directly
to an exterior exit access which leads directly
to the exits.
2. System smoke detectors are not required in
guestrooms or dwelling units.
3. A system heat detector shall be required
within each guest room or dwelling unit
located not more than six feet from each door
way that leads to an interior corridor or exit.
System heat detectors shall not be required
where the guestroom or dwelling unit is
equipped with residential sprinklers that, when
activated, will activate the fire protective
signaling system.
918.5 Sprinklered buildings exception: Buildings
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1 or
780 CMR 906.2.2 are not required to be equipped
with an automatic fire detection system, but are
required to be equipped with a fire protective
signaling system that conforms to 780 CMR 917.0.
This exception does not apply to Use Groups I, R-l,
R-2 , to high-hazard use groups in accordance with
780 CMR 417.5.3, to special amusement buildings
in accordance with 780 CMR 413.0, or to single-
station smoke detectors as required in 780 CMR
919.3
918.6 Zones: Zoning shall be provided in
accordance with 780 CMR 917.7.3.
918.7 Alarm verification: Alarms activated by
smoke detectors required by 780 CMR 918.0 shall
be activated by a single smoke detector monitored
by an alarm verification zone or an approved
equivalent method.
918.8 Local control functions: Automatic fire
detectors utilized for the purpose of performing local
control functions shall be a part of a fire protective
signaling system. The detector shall, upon
actuation, perform the intended function and activate
the alarm notification devices or activate a visible
and audible supervisory signal at a constantly
attended location.
Exception: In buildings not required to be
equipped with a fire protective signaling system,
the automatic fire detector shall be powered by
normal electrical service and, upon actuation,
perform the intended function. The detectors
shall be located in accordance with NFPA 72
listed in Appendix A. This exception does not
apply to smoke detectors required for elevator
recall.
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918.9 Access: Access shall be provided to each
detector for periodic inspection, maintenance and
testing.
780 CMR 919.0 SINGLE- AND MULTIPLE-
STATION SMOKE DETECTORS
919.1 General: Single- and multiple-station smoke
detectors shall be of an approved type and shall be
installed in accordance with the provisions of
780 CMR and NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A.
919.1.1 A control and associated equipment,
single or multiple station alarm devices or any
combination thereof shall be permitted to be used
as a household fire warning system provided that
the requirements of NFPA 72 Chapter 2 are met.
919.2 Fire Protection Construction documents:
Where single- and multiple station smoke detectors
are required by 780 CMR, the fire protection
construction documents shall show the location and
number with specifications of the type of detector.
(Also see 780 CMR 903.0.)
919.3 Where required: Single and multiple station
smoke detectors or household fire warning systems
shall be installed and maintained in full operating
condition in the locations described in 780 CMR
919.3.1 through 919.3 3. Any smoke detector
located within 20 feet of a kitchen or within 20 feet
of a bathroom containing a tub or shower shall be a
photo electric type smoke detector.
919.3.1 Use Group R-l: Single and multiple
station smoke detectors or household fire warning
systems shall be installed and maintained in the
following locations in Use Group R- 1 :
1 . In all sleeping areas;
2. In every room or hallway in the path of the
means of egress from the sleeping area to the
door leading from the guestroom or suite, and
3. In each story within the guestroom or suite,
including basements.
Exception: For suites or guestrooms or
dwelling unit with split levels and without
an intervening door between the adjacent
levels, a smoke detector installed on the
upper level shall suffice for the adjacent
lower level provided that the lower level is
less than one full story below the upper
level.
919.3.2 Use Groups R-2, R-3, R-4 and R-5
Single and multiple station smoke detectors or
household fire warning systems shall be installed
and maintained in all occupancies in Use Groups
R-2, R-3, R-4 and R-5 at the following locations:
1. In the immediate vicinity of bedrooms;
2. In all bedrooms; and
3. In each story within a dwelling unit,
including basements
4. In residential units 1200 square feet or more
in area an additional automatic fire detector
shall be provided for each 1200 square feet of
area or part thereof
Exceptions:
1 In dwelling units with split levels and
without an intervening door between the
adjacent levels, a smoke detector installed
on the upper level shall suffice for the
adjacent lower level provided that the lower
level is less than one full story below the
upper level.
2. In buildings equipped throughout with
an automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2 1, 906.2.2
or 906.2.3, smoke detectors are not required
in bedrooms where the bedrooms are
equipped with residential sprinklers.
919.3.3 Use Group 1-1: Single and multiple
station smoke detectors or household fire warning
systems shall be installed and maintained in all
sleeping areas in occupancies in Use Group I- 1
Exception: Where the building is equipped
throughout with an automatic detection system
in accordance with 780 CMR 918 4.
919.4 Interconnection: Where more than one
detector is required to be installed within an
individual dwelling unit in an occupancy in Use
Group R-2 or R-3, or within an individual guestroom
or suite in an occupancy in Use Group R-l, the
detectors shall be wired in such a manner that the
actuation of one alarm will actuate all of the alarms
in the individual unit.
919.5 Battery backup: In addition to the required
AC primary power source, required smoke detectors
in occupancies in Use Groups R-2, R-3, R-4, R-5
and I- 1 shall receive power from a battery when the
AC primary power source is interrupted.
Exception: In buildings equipped throughout with
an automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1, 906.2.2 or
906.2.3.
919.6 Acceptance testing. When the installation of
the detectors is complete, each detector - and all
interconnecting wiring for multiple-station detectors
shall be subject to a 100% acceptance test in
accordance with NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A
780 CMR 920.0 FTRE EXTINGUISHERS
920.1 Approval: Portable fire extinguishers shall
bear the label of an approved agency, be of an
approved type and be installed in a location visible
and available to the occupants.
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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
920.2 Where required: A portable fire extinguisher
shall be installed in the following locations in
accordance with NFiPA 10 listed in Appendix A:
1. In all occupancies in Use Group A- 1, A-2, A-
3, B, E, 1-2, M, R- 1 or H;
2. In all areas containing commercial kitchen
exhaust hood systems;
3. In all areas where fuel is dispensed;
4. In all areas where a flammable or combustible
liquid is used in the operation of spraying, coating
or dipping;
5. In all occupancies in Use Group 1-3 at staff
locations. Access to portable extinguishers shall
be permitted to be locked;
6. On each completed floor of buildings under
construction, other than occupancies in Use
Group R-3 .
7. In any laboratory, shop or other room
occupied for similar purposes; and
8. Where required by the fire prevention code
listed in Appendix A.
780 CMR 921.0 SMOKE CONTROL
SYSTEMS
921.1 General: Smoke control systems required by
780 CMR shall conform to the provisions of
780 CMR 921.0
921.2 Design criteria: The smoke control system
shall be designed to keep the smoke layer interface
above the highest of either the highest unprotected
opening to adjoining spaces, or six feet (1829 mm)
above the highest floor level of exit access open to
the atrium for a period of 20 minutes. The limiting
height for the smoke layer interface for stages shall
be in accordance with 780 CMR 412.3.8.2. The
limiting height of the smoke interface above the
floor of the space required to be provided with
smoke control is Z cr . Provisions shall also be made
to provide for smoke removal from the space at a
rate of not less than two air changes per hour by
means of natural or mechanical ventilation.
921.2.1 Passive system: Active smoke control is
not required where it is shown that the smoke
interface level requirement will be met without
operating smoke exhaust.
921.2.1.1 Regular spaces: For spaces with flat
ceilings, a constant horizontal cross-sectional
area above the smoke layer interface, and an
A/H ratio between 0.9 and 14, the following
equation shall be used to estimate the height of
the interface at 20 minutes
Z=Q.67H-0.2m In
where:
t Q V 'H"
Z = Height from floor to the smoke interface
(feet).
/ = Time for interface to descent to Z; Use
1,200 seconds.
H= Height of the space required to be
provided with smoke control; floor to flat
ceiling (feet).
O = Steady state heat release rate; Use 4,400
Btu/sec. where the primary use group is
M, S-l or F-l. Otherwise use 2,000
Btu/sec.
A = Horizontal cross-sectional area of the
above ceiling-testing space being filled
(square feet). Maximum A to be used
shall be: A= \4H 2 .
921.2.1.2 Irregular spaces: For spaces with
sloped or irregular ceilings, A/H 2 ratios outside
the specified range, or varying cross sections,
the filling time shall be determined using
numerical integration from the ceiling to the
critical smoke interface. The following
equations shall be used to determine the rate of
smoke production:
Where the interface level is above the
limiting elevation (Z[) use:
V = 17.6Q C ' /3 Z 5/3 + 3.36Q
Where the interface level is below the
limiting elevation (z, ) use:
V
16.64Q C 3/5 Z
where:
V = The volumetric rate of smoke production
(cubic feet per minute).
z, = Limiting elevation (ft) = 0.533Q C ~ 5
Qc = The convective portion of the heat
release rate shall be estimated as 70
percent of the total heat release rate, Q.
921.2.2 Mechanical systems: Where the smoke
filling predicted in 780 CMR 921.2.1 does not
meet the design criteria of 780 CMR 921.2,
mechanical exhaust shall be provided to maintain
these conditions.
921.2.2.1 Exhaust quantities: Sufficient
mechanical exhaust shall be provided to
maintain the smoke layer interface at or above
the critical elevation for the 20-minute period.
The volumetric rate of smoke production (V)
shall be determined by the equations in
780 CMR 921.2.1.2. If the rate of smoke
exhaust is less than the rate of smoke
production, the minimum exhaust rate to be
supplied for smoke control shall be determined
in accordance with Table 921.2.2. 1.
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Table 921.2.2.1
MINIMUM EXHAUST RATE ADJUSTMENT
FACTOR 3
t/t
Z/H
Ve/V
0.25
0.35
0.50
0.70
0.85
0.95
0.2
1.12
0.19
1.30
1.55
1.89
2.49
0.3
1.14
1.21
1.35
1.63
2.05
2.78
0.4
1,16
1.24
1.40
1.72
2.24
3.15
0.5
1.17
1.28
1.45
1.84
2.48
3.57
0.6
1.20
1.32
1.52
2.00
2.78
4.11
0.7
0.23
1.36
1.61
2.20
3.17
4.98
08
1 26
1.41
171
:4n
371
6.25
Note a. Notation:
Z= Design height of smoke layer interface above
fire source.
H= Ceiling height above fire source.
/ = Time for smoke layer interface to descend to
Z(vvith exhaust) (seconds).
t = Value of t in absence of smoke exhaust (see
780 CMR 921.2.1.1 or 921 2.1.2) (seconds).
V = Smoke control exhaust rate (minus any airflow
into the smoke layer other than that from the
plume).
V= Volumetric smoke production rate (from the
equations in 780 CMR 921.2.1.2).
921.2.3 Operation: The smoke control system
shall be a dedicated system or shall be integrated
with the mechanical ventilation system of the
building. Operation of the smoke control system
shall automatically shut down all systems and
devices which interfere with the effective
operation of the smoke control system. Where the
mechanical ventilation jry5tem is designed for
smoke control, the return air shall be moved
directly to the outside without recirculation to
other areas of the building.
921.2.4 Alternative systems: An engineered
design which will achieve the same level of
smoke control as described in 780 CMR 921 is
permitted in lieu of these requirements.
921.3 Smoke removal: Provisions shall be made to
provide ventilation at a rate of at least two air
changes per hour from the space required to be
provided with smoke control. This ventilation shall
be through openable vents, separate mechanical
exhaust, or through the building mechanical
ventilation system. The exhaust inlets shall be
located a minimum of six feet (1829 mm) above any
exit access walkway and above any openings into
adjoining spaces. The smoke removal system shall
be activated by manual controls provided for fire
department use unless it is part of the smoke control
system.
921.4 Activation: The smoke control system shall
be activated by actuation of the following:
J . A utomatic sprinkler system ;
2. Smoke detectors required by 780 CMR 921
that comply with NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A;
and
3. Manual controls provided for fire department
use.
Note: The smoke control system shall not be
activated by a manual fire alarm system.
921.4.1 Manual control: Manual controls shall
be provided at a location approved by the fire
department.
921.4.2 Smoke detector activation: Where the
height of the ceiling of the space required to be
provided with smoke control exceeds 30 feet
(9144 mm) above the floor of the space, approved
smoke detectors shall be provided to detect smoke
above the highest floor open to an atrium or at the
highest point of another space required to be
provided with smoke control. The installation of
smoke detectors shall comply with 780 CMR
918.0.
921.5 Standby power: All equipment required to
provide smoke control in floor openings connecting
three or more stories and stage areas in accordance
with 780 CMR 412.3.8.2 shall be equipped with a
standby source of power that complies with
527 CMR 12.00 as listed in Appendix A.
921.6 Acceptance: Any required smoke control
design that requires operation of mechanical
equipment shall be functionally tested in accordance
with 780 CMR 921.6.2 until proper operation of all
required mechanical equipment and controls is
demonstrated.
921.6.1 System operation report: Prior to
acceptance testing, a report of the required system
operations shall be provided to the code official.
The following items shall be included in the
report if part of the required system:
1. Identify type(s) of smoke control activation
signal(s), such as sprinkler waterflow, smoke
detection, manual, etc., and associated smoke
control system operation(s) that are activated
by the signals.
2. Identify building area(s) where maximum
mechanical exhaust to the outside is
implemented and supply air is not provided.
3 . Identify building area(s) where maximum
air supply is implemented and exhaust to the
outside is not provided.
4. Identify fan(s) which shall be "On" as
required to implement the smoke control
system. If multiple speed fans are used, the
capacity at which the fans shall operate in the
smoke control mode shall be identified.
5. Identify fan(s) which shall be "Off' as
required to implement the smoke control
system.
6. Identify damper(s) which shall be "Open"
to implement the smoke control system.
7. Identify damper(s) which shall be "Closed"
to implement the smoke control system.
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8. Identify other functions required to
implement the smoke control system.
9. Identify building areas with smoke and
heat vents and method of operation of vents.
10. If required, identify the type(s) of standby
power and the equipment that is served.
921.6.2 Testing procedures: The acceptance test
procedure shall be approved. Acceptance testing
shall be conducted in the presence of the code
official or shall include documentation indicating
that all mechanical equipment, control sequences,
devices and components have been operationally
tested and are functioning properly in accordance
with the system operation report. All documentation
from operational testing shall be available for
inspection. Acceptance testing shall include the
following:
1. Prior to beginning acceptance testing, all
building smoke control equipment shall be
placed in the normal operating mode.
2. Acceptance testing shall demonstrate that
each initiating device, fan, damper and other
required equipment is operational and performs
to the limits and capacity required.
3. Acceptance testing shall demonstrate that
correct control outputs are produced for a
given control input for each control sequence
specified by the system operation report.
4. If standby power is required for the
operation of the smoke control system,
acceptance tests shall be conducted while on
both normal building power and standby
power.
5. Opening of smoke/heat vents shall be
demonstrated if the vent is capable of being
opened in a manner that does not require
destructive testing.
921.7 Elevators: Except when otherwise required
by 524 CMR, where buildings are equipped with a
mechanical smoke control system that will restrict
smoke and hot gases from entering the elevator shaft
in the fire floor, hoistway venting is not required. In
high-rise buildings equipped with this system and
equipped throughout with an automatic fire
suppression system, the one-hour fireresistance rated
elevator lobby as specified in 7S0 CMR 403.8 is not
required.
780 CMR 922.0 SMOKE AND HEAT VENTS
922.1 General: Where exit access travel distance is
increased in accordance with 780 CMR 1006.5.1,
smoke and heat vents shall be constructed and
installed in accordance with 780 CMR 922.0.
922.2 Vent size and spacing: The vent area and the
spacing of the vents shall comply with Table 922.2.
922.2.1 Releasing devices: Smoke and heat vents
shall open automatically by activation of a heat-
responsive device rated at 100°F (38°C) to 220°F
(104°C) above ambient. The releasing mechanism
shall be capable of operation such that the vent
shall fully open when the vent is exposed to a
time-temperature gradient that reaches an air
temperature of 500°F (260°C) within five
minutes. Vents shall be capable of being opened
by an approved manual operation.
922.3 Curtain board construction: Curtain boards
shall be provided to subdivide a vented building.
Curtain boards shall be constructed of material that
will resist the passage of smoke and is consistent
with the building type of construction. Curtain board
location and depth shall comply with Table 922.2.
The bottom of the curtain board shall be level.
Table 922.2
SMOKE AND HEAT VENT SIZE AND
SPACING b
Use
Group
Hazard
classsiftcation of
contents
Vent height
above the
floor, H
(feet)
Minimum
curtain board
depth from
vent bottom
(feet)
Maximum
area formed
by curtain
boards
(square feet)
Vent area to
floor area
ratio
Maximum
spacing of
vent centers
(feet)
Maximum
distance
from wall of
curtain
boards (feet)
Maximum
distance
between
curtain
boards
F-l
-
-
0.2XH
but 24
50,000
1:100
120
60
8XH
but s 250 feet
S-l
I through IV
20 or less
6
10.000
1:100
100
60
8XH
S-l
I through IV
Over 20 to
40
6
8,000
1:75
100
55
8XH
but < 250 feet
S-l
I through IV
20 or less
4
3,000
1:75
100
55
8XH
S-l
I through IV
Over 20 to
40
4
3,000
1:50
100
50
8XH
but s 250 feet
S-l
V
20 or less
6
6,000
1:50
100
50
8XH
S-l
V
Over 20 to
30
6
6,000
1:40
90
45
8XH
S-l
V
30 or more
4
2,000
1:30
75
40
8XH
but -_ 100 feel
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Note a. See NFiPA 23 1 C listed in Appendix A for classification of Contents Class 1 through IV Class V commodities
are products that present special fire hazards beyond those of Class I, II. Ill or IV, such as aerosols, foam plastic, PVC,
PU, PS and asphalt paper.
Note b. 1 foot = 304.8 mm; 1 square foot = 0.093 m .
780 CMR 923.0 SUPERVISION
923.1 Fire suppression systems: All automatic
fire suppression systems required by 780 CMR shall
be supervised by one of the following methods
below.
1. A UL listed or FM approved Central-Station
Service in accordance with NFPA 72 listed in
Appendix A only for those occupancies listed in
780 CMR 903.2.2.
2. Approved proprietary supervising station
system, in accordance with NFPA 72 or an
approved remote supervising station system in
accordance with NFPA 72 .
3. Alarm signals to an approved Auxiliary Fire
Alarm System in accordance with NFPA 72, with
supervisory signals supervised by one or two
above or at a constantly attended location
approved by the local fire department, having
personnel on duty trained to recognize the type of
signal received and to take prescribed action. This
shall be permitted to be a location different from
that at which alarm signals are received.
Exceptions:
1. Underground gate valves with roadway
boxes.
2. Halogenated extinguishing systems that are
not an integral part of a required automatic fire
suppression system.
3. Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems that
are not an integral part of a required automatic
fire suppression system.
4. Dry- and wet-chemical extinguishing
systems.
5. Limited area sprinkler systems (see
780 CMR 907.6.3).
6. Occupancies in Use Group R complying
with 780 CMR 906.2.2 and supervised in
accordance with NFPA 13R listed in
Appendix A.
923.1.1 Re-transmission of alarm signals
received by central stations: In all cases, central
stations shall re-transmit alarm signals within 90
seconds of receipt, to the fire department having
jurisdiction.
923.2 Fire protective signaling systems: All fire
protective signaling systems required by 780 CMR
shall be supervised by one of the following methods
below:
1. A UL listed or FM approved Central-Station
Service in accordance with NFPA 72 listed in
Appendix A only for the following occupancies:
Building types subject to the provisions of
923.2.1:
(a) High-rise buildings.
(b) Buildings and structures of Use Group A
with a total occupant load exceeding 1000.
(c) Buildings and structures of Use Group H.
(d) Use Group 1-2 and 1-3 except 1-2 Uses
provided for in 780 CMR 424.
(e) Bulk Merchandising/Retail occupancies
(see 780 CMR 426.0).
2. Approved proprietary supervising station
system, in accordance with NFPA 72 or an
approved remote supervising station system in
accordance with NFPA 72 .
3. Alarm signals to an approved Auxiliary Fire
Alarm System in accordance with NFPA 72, with
supervisory signals supervised by one or two
above or at a constantly attended location
approved by the local fire department, having
personnel on duty trained to recognize the type of
signal received and to take prescribed action. This
shall be permitted to be a location different from
that at which alarm signals are received.
Exceptions:
1 . For use group R see table 918
2. Single- and multiple-station detectors as
required by 780 CMR 919.0.
3. Smoke detectors in occupancies in Use
Group 1-3 (see 780 CMR 917.7.1).
4. Smoke detectors in patient sleeping rooms
in occupancies in Use Group 1-2 (see
780 CMR 409.5.1).
5. Fire protective signaling systems in
occupancies in Use Groups H.
923.2.1 Re-transmission of alarm signals
received by central stations: In all cases, central
stations shall re-transmit alarm signals within 90
seconds of receipt, to the fire department having
jurisdiction.
780 CMR 924.0 FIRE PUMPS
924.1 General Where fire pumps are required to be
installed as part of a required or non-required
system(s), the fire pump(s) shall be designed and
installed in accordance with 527 CMR 12.00 and
NFPA 20 as listed in Appendix A.
924.2 Rooms: Fire pumps and all related equipment
shall be located in a dedicated room meeting the
physical and environmental features of NFPA 20
listed in Appendix A, and enclosed with not less
than two hours fire resistive construction. Fire
pumps rooms shall have either direct access to the
room from grade or access by a two hour rated
passageway and shall be properly secured from
unauthorized entry.
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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
924.3 Emergency power: All fire pumps shall be 2. Buildings and structures of Use Group A, with
provided with emergency power when installed in a total occupant load of more than 300 occupants,
the following types of buildings or use groups. 3. Buildings and structures of Use Group E, with
Emergency power equipment installation shall a total occupant load of more than 300 occupants,
conform to 527 CMR 12.00 and NFPA 20 as listed 4. Buildings and structures of Use Group H.
in Appendix A 5. Buildings and structures of Use Group I,
1. High-rise buildings as defined by M.G.L. having surgery or treatment areas.
c. 148 § 26A and 780 CMR.
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NON-TEXT PAGE
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{
170 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
CHAPTER 10
MEANS OF EGRESS
780 CMR 1001.0 GENERAL
1001.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 10 shall
control the design, construction and arrangement of
building elements required to provide a reasonably
safe means of egress from all structures.
1001.2 Modification of egress requirements
Where strict compliance with the provisions of
780 CMR is not practical, the code official shall
approve alternative means of egress which will
accomplish the same purpose, by the procedure
established in 780 CMR 1 for modification of
780 CMR or by adoption of approved rules
1001.3 Minimum requirements: It shall be
unlawful to alter any building or structure in any
manner that will reduce the number of exits or the
capacity of exits below the requirements of
780 CMR for new buildings of the proposed
occupancy
780 CMR 1002.0 DEFINITIONS
1002.1 General The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 10 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR have the meanings shown
herein.
Aisle accessway That portion of an exit access
which provides a path of travel to an aisle (see
780 CMR 1012 0).
Alternating tread stairway A stair that has a series
of steps between 50° and 7'0° (0.87 and 1.22 rad)
from honzontal. usually attached to a center
support rail in an alternating manner so that the
user of the stairs never has both feet on the same
level at the same time (see 780 CMR 1014.6.6).
Bleachers A grandstand where the seats are not
provided with backrests (see 780 CMR 1013.0.)
Common path of travel That portion of exit access
which the occupants are required to traverse
before two separate and distinct paths of travel to
two exits are available. Paths that merge are
common paths of travel. A common path of travel
is measured the same as travel distance but
terminates at that point where two separate and
distinct routes become available (see 780 CMR
1011.2.1).
Corridor .An enclosed passageway which limits the
means of egress to a single path of travel (see
780 CMR 1011.0).
Exit That portion of a means of egress which is
separated from all other spaces of a building or
structure by construction and opening protectives
as required for exits to provide a protected way of
travel to the exit discharge (see 780 CMR
1006.0). Exits include exterior exit doors, exit
stairways (see 780 CMR 1014.0 and 1015.0). exit
passageways (see 780 CMR 1020.0) and
horizontal exits (see 780 CMR 1019.0).
Exit access. Exit access is that portion of a means of
egress which leads to an entrance to an exit (see
780 CMR 1011.0)
Exit discharge. That portion of a means of egress
between the termination of an exit and a public
way (see 780 CMR 1006.3).
Exit discharge, level of The horizontal plane
located by the point at which an exit terminates
and an exit discharge begins (see 780 CMR
1006.3.1).
Exit, horizontal A way of passage from one
building to an area of refuge in another building
on approximately the same level, or a way of
passage through or around a wall or partition to an
area of refuge on approximately the same level in
the same building, which affords safety from fire
or smoke from the area of incidence and areas
communicating therewith (see 780 CMR 1019.0).
Floor area, gross Gross floor area shall be the floor
area within the perimeter of the outside walls of
the building under consideration, without
deduction for hallways, stairs, closets, thickness
of walls, columns or other features (see 780 CMR
1008.0).
Floor area, net: To determine the number of
persons for whom exits are to be provided, the net
floor area shall be the actual occupied area and
shall not include unoccupied accessory areas or
thickness of walls (see 780 CMR 1008.0)
Grade halhvay, grade lobby, grade passageway: An
enclosed hallway or corridor that is an element of
an exit: and terminates at a street or an open space
or court communicating with a street (see
780 CMR 1020.0).
Grandstand A structure providing tiered or stepped
seating (see 780 CMR 1013.0).
Means of egress: A continuous and unobstructed
path of travel from any point in a building or
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171
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
structure to a public way. A means of egress
consists of three separate and distinct parts: the
exit access, the exit, and the exit discharge A
means of egress comprises the vertical and
horizontal means of travel and shall include
intervening room spaces, doors, hallways,
corridors, passageways, balconies, ramps, stairs,
enclosures, lobbies, horizontal exits, courts and
yards (see 780 CMR 1006.0).
Occupant load: The total number of persons that
are permitted to occupy a building or portion
thereof at any one time (see 780 CMR 1008.0)
Public way: Any street, alley or other parcel of land
open to the outside air leading to a public street,
which has been deeded, dedicated or otherwise
permanently appropriated to the public for public
use and which has a clear width and height of not
less than ten feet (3048 mm).
Slidescape: A straight or spiral chute, erected on the
interior or exterior of a building, which is
designed as a means of egress direct to a street or
other public way (see 780 CMR 1026.0).
Smokeproof enclosure An enclosed stairway, with
access from the floor area of the building either
through outside balconies or ventilated vestibules,
opening on a street, yard or open court, and with
a separately enclosed direct exit to the street at the
grade floor (see 780 CMR 1015.0).
Stairway. One or more flights of stairs, and the
necessary landings and platforms connecting
them, to form a continuous and uninterrupted
passage from one floor to another (see 780 CMR
1014.0).
Winder: A step in a winding stairway (see
780 CMR 1014.6.3).
780 CMR 1003.0 CONSTRUCTION
DOCUMENTS
1003.1 Arrangement of egress: The construction
documents shall show in sufficient detail the
location, construction, size and character of all exits,
together with the arrangement of aisles, corridors,
passageways and hallways leading thereto in
compliance with the provisions of 780 CMR.
1003.2 Number of occupants: fn other than
occupancies in Use Groups R-2, R-3 and 1-1, the
construction documents and the application for a
permit shall designate the number of occupants to be
accommodated on every floor, and in all rooms and
spaces as required by the code official Unless
otherwise specified, the minimum number of
occupants to be accommodated by the exits shall be
determined by the occupant load prescribed in
780 CMR 1008.0. The posted occupant load of the
building shall be limited to that number The fire
prevention code official shall be informed in writing
of the calculated occupant load.
1003.3 Posted occupant load: Every assembly
room or space in an assembly occupancy shall have
the approved occupant load of the room or space
posted in a conspicuous place, near the main
entrance to the room or space Rooms or spaces
which have multiple-use capabilities shall be posted
for all such occupancies All posted signs shall be of
an approved legible permanent design.
780 CMR 1004.0 USE GROUP AND
OCCUPANCY REQUIREMENTS
1004.1 New buildings: Every building and
structure, and part thereof, hereafter erected shall
have the prescribed number of exits of one or more
of the approved types defined in 780 CMR 10.
Exits, in combination with the exit access and exit
discharge, shall provide safe and continuous means
of egress to a street or to an open space with direct
access to a street
1004.2 Hazardous Means of Egress:
1004.2.1 Exit Order/Hazardous Means of
Egress: In any existing building or structure not
provided with exit facilities as herein prescribed
for new buildings and in which the exits are
deemed hazardous or dangerous to life and limb,
the building official shall declare such building
dangerous and unsafe in accordance with the
provisions of 780 CMR 121.0.
1004.2.2 Appeal from exit order Any person
served with any order pursuant to 780 CMR
3400.5 shall have the remedy prescribed in
780 CMR 121.
1004.3 Multiple occupancies Where a building is
occupied by two or more occupancies, the means of
egress requirements shall apply to each portion of
the building based on the occupancy of space
1004.4 Multiple tenants: Where more than one
tenant occupies any one floor of a building or
structure, each tenant shall be provided with direct
access to approved exits.
780 CMR 1005.0 GENERAL LIMITATIONS
1005.1 Exits: An exit shall not be utilized for any
purpose that interferes with its function as a means
of egress.
1005.2 Floor openings: Manholes or floor access
panels which reduce the clearance to less than 32
inches (813 mm) shall not be located in the line of
means of egress.
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1005.3 Protruding objects: A minimum headroom
of 80 inches (2032 mm) shall be provided for any
walking surface, including walks, halls, corridors,
aisles and passageways. Structural elements,
fixtures or furnishings shall not project from either
side more than four inches (102 mm) over any
walking surface between the heights of 27 (686 mm)
and 80 inches (2032 mm) above the walking surface.
A free-standing object mounted on a post(s) or
pylon(s) shall not overhang that post(s) or pylon(s)
more than 12 inches (305 mm) where the lowest
point of the leading edge is more than 27 inches (686
mm) and less than 80 inches (2032 mm) above the
walking surface. Door closers and stops shall not
reduce headroom to less than 78 inches (1981 mm).
1005.4 Floor surface: All floors of corridors and
lines of means of egress shall have a slip-resistant
surface.
1005.5 Open-sided floor areas: Guards shall be
located along open-sided walking surfaces,
mezzanines and landings which are located more
than 30 inches (762 mm) above the floor or grade
below. The guards shall be constructed in
accordance with 780 CMR 1021.0.
Exception: Guards are not required on the
loading side of loading docks and the auditorium
side of stages and raised platforms.
1005.6 Elevation change: Where changes in
elevation exist in exit access corridors, exits or exit
discharge, ramps shall be used where the difference
in elevation is less than 12 inches (305 mm).
Exception: A maximum step height of eight
inches (203 mm) shall be permitted for buildings
with occupancies in Use Groups F, H, R and S at
exterior doors not required to be accessible by
521 CMR, the Rules and Regulations of the
Architectural Access Board, referenced in
780 CMR 11, and listed in Appendix A.
1005.7 Egress elements for air movement: Exits
and exit access corridors shall not be used as supply
or return air ducts or plenums.
Exceptions:
1 . The restriction on the use of the space
between the corridor ceiling and the floor or
roof structure above as a return air plenum
shall not apply where the corridor is not
required to be of fireresistance rated
construction or is separated from the plenum
by fireresistance rated construction or is
located within a dwelling unit.
2. This restriction shall not apply to exit
access corridors located within tenant spaces
that are 1,000 square feet (92 nr ) or less in
area.
780 CMR 1006.0 TYPES AND LOCATION
OF MEANS OF EGRESS
1006.1 General: All approved means of egress,
including doorways, passageways, corridors.
interior stairways, exterior stairways, smokeproof
enclosures, ramps, horizontal exits, bridges,
balconies, fire escapes and combinations thereof,
shall be arranged and constructed as provided for in
780 CMR.
1006.2 Arrangement: All required exits shall be so
located as to be discernable with unobstructed access
thereto.
1006.2.1 Egress through adjoining spaces:
Egress from a room or space shall not open into
an adjoining or intervening room or area, except
where such adjoining room or area is accessory to
the area served, is not a high-hazard occupancy
and provides a direct means of egress to an exit.
A maximum of one exit access shall be permitted
to pass through a kitchen, storeroom, restroom,
closet or similar space provided that passage
through such space is not the only means of
access to an exit. An exit access shall not pass
through a room subject to locking. Means of
egress from dwelling units, rooming units,
guestrooms and dormitory units shall not lead
through other such units, or through toilet rooms
or bathrooms
1006.2.2 Assembly buildings: All buildings
occupied for assembly purposes shall front on at
least one street on which the main entrance and
exit discharge shall be located. Where there is a
single main entrance, the entrance shall be
capable of serving as the main exit and shall
provide an egress capacity for at least one-half of
the total occupant load. In addition to having
access to a main exit, each level of an occupancy
in Use Group A shall be provided with additional
exits which shall provide a means of egress
capacity for at least one-half of the total occupant
load served by that level.
1006.2.3 Skating rinks: Places of assembly used
for skating rinks shall not be located below the
floor nearest grade.
1006.2.4 Foyers and waiting spaces: The term
"foyer" shall mean an enclosed space surrounding,
or in the rear of, the auditorium of a theater or
other place of assembly which is completely
separated from the auditorium and is used as an
assembly or waiting space for the occupants. In
Use Group A-l, a foyer, waiting space or lobby
shall be provided with a net floor area, exclusive
of stairs or landings, of not less than 1 Vi square
feet (0.14 nr) for each occupant having access
thereto. The use of foyers and lobbies and other
available spaces for harboring occupants until
seats become available shall not encroach upon
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the clear floor area herein prescribed or upon the
required clear width of front exits.
1006.2.4.1 Egress: Where the foyer is not
directly connected to the public street through
the main lobby, an unobstructed corridor or
passage shall be provided which leads to, and
equals the required minimum width of, main
entrances and exits A mirror shall not be
placed so as to give the appearance of a
doorway, exit or passageway.
1006.2.4.2 Gradient: The rear foyer shall be
at the same level as the back of the auditorium
and the means of egress leading therefrom
shall not have a steeper gradient than one unit
vertical in eight units horizontal (1 :8).
1006.2.4.3 Construction: In occupancies in
Use Group A-l, other than motion picture
theaters, the fire separation assemblies
separating the foyer from the auditorium and
other adjoining rooms and spaces shall be
constructed with not less than a two-hour
fireresistance rating. Where opening
protectives are constructed of noncombustible
materials, a fireresistance rating of the opening
protectives is not required.
1006.3 Exit Discharge: All exits shall discharge
directly at a public way or at a yard, court or open
space of the required width and size to provide all
occupants with a safe access to a public way.
1006.3.1 Level of exit discharge protection: In
all buildings having habitable or occupiable
stories or basements below grade, the floor/ceiling
assemblies and supports which are constructed
below the level of exit discharge shall provide a
fireresistance rating of not less than one hour
Exceptions:
1 . Occupancies in Use Group R-3.
2. Buildings of Type 1 construction.
3. Where floor/ceiling assemblies and supports
are constructed of Type 4 construction.
4 Where the floor areas below the level of
exit discharge are equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1 or 906.2.2.
5. Occupiable stories or basements below
grade which have exits that discharge directly
to grade.
1006.4 Remote location: Wherever more than one
exit is required from any room, space or floor of a
building, such exits shall be placed as remote from
each other as practicable, and shall be arranged and
constructed to provide direct access in separate
directions from any point in the area served so as to
minimize the possibility that both exits will be
blocked by any one fire or other emergency
condition.
1006.4.1 Remoteness: Where two exits or two
exit access doors are required, each shall be
placed a distance apart equal to not less than one-
half of the length of the maximum overall
diagonal dimension of the building or area to be
served Where exit enclosures are provided as a
portion of the required means of egress and are
interconnected by a corridor conforming to the
requirements for corridor construction, the exit
separation distance shall be measured along the
line of travel within the corridor. In all other
cases, the separation distance shall be measured in
a straight line between exits or exit access doors.
Exception: In buildings equipped throughout
with an automatic sprinkler system in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2. 1 or 906.2.2,
the minimum separation distance shall be Vi of
the length of the maximum overall diagonal
dimension
1006.4.1.1 Three or more: Where three or
more exits or exit access doors are required, at
least two exits or exit access doors shall be
separated as provided for in 780 CMR
1006.4.1.
1006.5 Length of travel: All exits shall be so
located that the maximum length of exit access
travel, measured from the most remote point to an
approved exit along the natural and unobstructed line
of travel, shall not exceed the distances given in
Table 1006.5
Table 1006.5
LENGTH OF EXIT ACCESS TRAVEL 3
Without
With
Use Group
sprinkler sysiem
sprinkler system
(feet)°
(feet) c
A,B,E,F-'.,I-1.M,R,
200
250
S-!
F-2, S-2
300
400
H-l
25
75
H-2
50
100
H-3
100
150
H-4
125
175
1-2. 1-3
150
200
Note a. See the following sections for modification to
travel distance requirements.
780 CMR 402.5.1: For the exit access travel distance
in malls.
780 CMR 404.7: For the exit access travel distance
limitation through an atrium space.
780 CMR 416.6: For the exit access travel distance
limitation in HPM use facilities.
780 CMR 1006.5 .1: For increased limitation in Use
Groups F-l and S-l.
780 CMR 1006.5.2: For increased limitation in Use
Group A-5.
780 CMR 1010.3: For buildings with one exit.
780 CMR 3104.9: For the exit access travel distance
limitation in temporary structures
Note b. Buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with 780 CMR
906.2.1 or 906.2.2.
Note c 1 foot = 304.8 mm
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MEANS OF EGRESS
1006.5.1 Roof vent increase: In buildings which
are one story in height, equipped with automatic
heat and smoke roof vents complying with
780 CMR 922.0 and equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2. 1, the exit access travel distance
limitation in Table 1006.5 for occupancies in Use
Group F-l or S-l shall be increased to 400 feet
(122 m).
1006.5.2 Use Group A-5: Occupancies in Use
Group A-5, where all portions of the means of
egress are essentially open to the outside, shall
have an exit access travel distance of not more
than 400 feet (122 m), except that such
occupancies in buildings and structures of Type 1
or 2 construction shall not have an exit access
travel distance limitation.
1006.6 Elevators, escalators and moving walks:
Elevators, escalators and moving walks shall not be
accepted as a required element of the means of
egress.
Exception: An elevator conforming to 780 CMR
1007.3 shall be permitted for an accessible means
of egress.
1006.7 Common path of travel: The common path
of exit access travel distance for occupants to reach
a point where two separate and distinct paths of
travel are available to two exits shall not exceed 100
feet (30480 mm) in occupancies in Use Group 1-3.
780 CMR 1007.0 ACCESSIBLE MEANS
OF EGRESS
1007.1 General: All spaces required to be
accessible by 521 CMR, the Rules and Regulations
of the Architectural Access Board, referenced in
780 CMR 11, and listed in Appendix A shall be
provided with not less than one accessible means of
egress that complies with 780 CMR 1007.0. Where
more than one means of egress is required from any
required accessible space, each accessible portion of
the space shall be served by not less than two
accessible means of egress. Each accessible means
of egress shall provide a continuous path of travel
from a required accessible space to a public way
which is usable by a mobility impaired person and
shall include accessible routes, ramps, exit
stairways, elevators, horizontal exits or smoke
barriers.
1007.2 Exit stairways: An exit stairway to be
considered part of an accessible means of egress
shall have a clear width of at least 48 inches (1219
mm) between handrails and shall either incorporate
an area of refuge within an enlarged story-level
landing or shall be accessed from an area of refuge
complying with 780 CMR 1007.5 or a horizontal
exit.
Exceptions:
1. Stairs serving a single dwelling unit or
guestroom.
2. • Occupancies equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1.
3. The clear width of 48 inches (1219 mm)
between handrails is not required for exit
stairways accessed from a horizontal exit.
1007.3 Elevators: An elevator, to be considered
part of an accessible means of egress, shall comply
with 780 CMR 3006.0 and standby power shall be
provided in accordance with 780 CMR 2707.0. The
elevator shall be accessed from an area of refuge
complying with 780 CMR 1007.5 or a horizohfaT
exit. In buildings where a required accessible floor
is four or more stories above or below a level of exit
discharge serving that floor, at least one elevator
shall be provided and shall serve as one required
accessible means of egress.
Exceptions:
1. In buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1, the elevator shall not be
required to serve floors which are located at or
above the level of exit discharge and provided
with a horizontal exit complying with 780 CMR
1019.0.
2. Elevators are not required to be accessed from
an area of refuge or a horizontal exit in
occupancies equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1.
1007.4 Platform lifts: Platform (wheelchair) lifts
shall not serve as part of an accessible means of
egress except within a dwelling unit.
1007.5 Areas of refuge: Every required area of
refuge shall be accessible from the space it serves by
an accessible means of egress. The maximum travel
distance from any accessible space to an area of
refuge shall not exceed the travel distance permitted
for the occupancy in accordance with 780 CMR
1006.5. Every required area of refuge shall have
direct access to an exit stairway complying with
780 CMR 1007.2 or an elevator complying with
780 CMR 1007.3. Where an elevator lobby is used
as an area of refuge, the shaft and lobby shall
comply with 780 CMR 1015.0 for smokeproof
enclosures except where the elevators are in an area
of refuge formed by a horizontal exit or smoke
barrier.
Exception: Areas of refuge are not required in
open parking structures
1007.5.1 Size: Each area of refuge shall be sized
to accommodate one wheelchair space of 30
inches (762 mm) by 48 inches (1219 mm) for
each 200 occupants or portion thereof, based on
the occupant load of the area of refuge and all
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areas served by the area of refuge. Such
wheelchair spaces shall not reduce the required
means of egress width. Access to any of the
required wheelchair spaces in an area of refuge
shall not be obstructed by more than one
adjoining wheelchair space.
1007.5.2 Separation: Each area of refuge shall
be separated from the remainder of the story by a
smoke barrier complying with 780 CMR 712.0.
Each area of refuge shall be designed to prevent
the intrusion of smoke, except those areas of
refuge located within a stainvay enclosure or
those areas of refuge where the area of refuge and
all areas served by the area of refuge are equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2. 1 .
1007.5.3 Communication system: Every area of
refuge in buildings more than four stories in
height shall be provided with a two-way
emergency communication system between the
area of refuge and a central control point.
In each area of refuge provided with a two-
way emergency communication system,
instructions on the use of the area under
emergency conditions shall be posted adjoining
the communication system. The instructions shall
include:
1 . Directions to other means of egress;
2. Advice that persons able to use the exit
stairs do so as soon as possible unless they are
assisting others;
3. Information on how to summon planned
availability of assistance in the use of stairs or
supervised operation of elevators; and
4. Directions for use of the two-way
emergency communication system.
1007.5.4 Identification: Each door providing
access to an area of refuge from an adjacent floor
area shall be identified by a sign complying with
CABO Al 1 7. 1 listed in Appendix A stating "Area
of Refuge" and the International Symbol of
Accessibility. The sign shall be illuminated as
required for "Exit" signs where "Exit" sign
illumination is required. Additionally, tactile
signage complying with CABO All 7.1 listed in
Appendix A shall be located at each door to an
area of refuge.
1007.6 Signage: Signage indicating the location of
accessible means of egress shall be installed at all
exits and elevators that serve a required accessible
space, but which are not an approved accessible
means of egress.
780 CMR 1008.0 OCCUPANT LOAD
1008.1 Design occupant load: In determining
required facilities, the number of occupants for
whom exit facilities shall be provided shall be
established by the largest number computed in
accordance with 780 CMR 1008 1.1 through
1008.1.3.
1008.1.1 Actual number: The actual number of
occupants for whom each occupied space, floor or
building is designed.
1008.1.2 Number by Table 1008.1.2: The
number of occupants computed at the rate of one
occupant per unit of area as prescribed in Table
1008.1.2.
1008.1.3 Number by combination: The number
of occupants of any space as computed in
780 CMR 1008.1.1 or 1008.1.2 plus the number
of occupants similarly computed for all spaces
that discharge through the space in order to gain
access to an exit.
1008.1.4 Increased occupant load: The
occupant load permitted in any building or portion
thereof is permitted to be increased from that
number established for the occupancies in Table
1008.1.2 provided that all other requirements of
780 CMR are also met based on such modified
number. Where required by the code official, an
approved aisle, seating or fixed equipment
diagram to substantiate any increase in occupant
load shall be submitted. Where required by the
code official, such diagram shall be posted.
Table 1008.1.2
MAXIMUM FLOOR AREA ALLOWANCES
PER OCCUPANT
Occupancy
Floor area in
square feet per
occupant
Assembly with fixed seats
Assembly without fixed seats
Concentrated (chairs only - not fixed)
Standing space
Unconcentrated (tables and chairs)
Bowling centers, allow 5 persons for
each lane including 1 5 feet of
runway, and for additional areas
See780CMR 1008.1.6
7 net
3 net
15 net
Business areas
1 00 gross
Courtrooms - other than fixed seating
40 net
areas
Educational
Classroom area
20 net
Shops and other vocational room
50 net
areas
Industrial areas
1 00 gross
Institutional areas
Inpatient treatment areas
240 gross
Outpatient areas
1 00 gross
Sleeping areas
1 20 gross
Library
Reading rooms
50 net
Stack area
100 gross
Mercantile, basement and grade floor
30 gross
areas
Areas on other floors
60 gross
Storage stock, shipping areas
300 gross
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Occupancy
Floor area in
square feet per
occupant
Parking garages 200 gross
Residential 200 gross
Storage areas, mechanical equipment 300 gross
room
Note a. 1 foot = 304.8 mm; 1 square foot = 0.093 rrr
1008.1.5 Maximum occupant load: The
occupant load of any space or portion thereof
shall not exceed one occupant per three square
feet (0.28 m 2 ) of occupiable floor space.
1008.1.6 Fixed seats: The occupant load for an
assembly or educational area having fixed seats
shall be determined by the number of fixed seats
installed. The capacity of fixed seats without
dividing arms shall equal one person per 18
inches (457 mm). For booths, the capacity shall
be one person per 24 inches (610 mm).
1008.2 Mezzanine levels: The occupant load of a
mezzanine level discharging through a floor below
shall be added to that floor's occupant load, and the
capacity of the exits shall be designed for the total
occupant load thus established.
1008.3 Roofs: Roof areas occupied as roof gardens
or for assembly, educational, storage or other
purposes, shall be provided with exit facilities to
accommodate the required occupant load, but there
shall not be less than two approved means of egress
from roof areas of Use Groups A and E.
780 CMR 1009.0 CAPACITY OF EGRESS
COMPONENTS
1009.1 General: The capacity of means of egress
for a floor, balcony, tier ot other occupied space
shall be sufficient for the occupant load thereof
1009.2 Minimum width: The width of each means
of egress component shall not be less than the width
computed in accordance with Table 1009.2 for the
required capacity of the component, but not less than
the minimum width as prescribed by 780 CMR for
each such component.
Table 1009.2
EGRESS WIDTH PER OCCUPANT
Without sprinkler
system (inches per
person)
With sprinkler
system
(inches per person)
Use group
Stairways
Doors
ramps and
corridors
Stairways
Doors
ramps and
corridors
A, B, E, F, M,
R,S
H
1-1
1-2
1-3
0.3
0.7
0.4
1.0
0,3
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.7
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.3
•
0.15
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Note a. Buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with 780 CMR
906.2.1 or 906.2.2.
Note b. 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
1009.3 Exit design per floor: Where exits serve
more than one floor, only the occupant load of each
floor considered individually shall be used in
computing the required capacity of the exits at that
floor, provided that the exit capacity shall not
decrease in the direction of means of egress travel.
1009.4 Egress convergence: Where means of
egress from floors above and below converge at an
intermediate floor, the capacity of the means of
egress from the point of convergence shall not be
less than the sum of the two.
780 CMR 1010.0 NUMBER OF EXITS
1010.1 General: The general requirements of
780 CMR 1010.0 apply to buildings of all use
groups. Where more restrictive requirements are
provided in 780 CMR such requirements shall take
precedence over the general provisions of 780 CMR
1010.0.
1010.2 Minimum number: Every floor area shall
be provided with the minimum number of approved
independent exits as required by Table 1010.2 based
on the occupant load, except as modified in
780 CMR 1010.3.
Exception: In buildings with occupancies in Use
Group R having multistory dwelling units, the
means of egress from a dwelling unit to the
required exits is permitted to be provided from
one level only. Within the dwelling unit access to
the means of egress from the unit shall conform to
the applicable provisions of 780 CMR 10.
Table 1010.2
MINIMUM NUMBER OF EXITS FOR
OCCUPANT LOAD
Occupant load
Minimum number of exits
500 or less
501 - 1,000
over 1 ,000
3
4
1010.3 Buildings with one exit: Only one exit shall
be required in:
1. Occupancies in the use groups shown in Table
1010.3, provided that the building has not more
than one level below the level of exit discharge.
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Table 1010.3
Use Group
Maximum
height
above
grade
Max.
Size
Max.
Exit
travel
distance
Minimum fire-
resistance
rating of exit
enclosure
Mm. Fire-
resistance
rating of
opening
protection
B b
S-2 a
2 stories
3,500
sq.ft.
per
floor
75 ft.
1 hour
1 hour
Note a. For the required number of exits for open
parking structures, see 780 CMR 1010.5.
Note b. For the required number of exits for air traffic
control towers, see 780 CMR 414.0.
Note c. 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
1010.4 Emergency escape: Every sleeping room
below the fourth story in occupancies in Use Groups
R and 1-1 shall have at least one operable window or
exterior door approved for emergency egress or
rescue. The units shall be operable from the inside
without the use of special knowledge, separate tools
or force greater than that which is required for
normal operation of the window. Where windows
are provided as a means of egress or rescue, the
windows shall have the bottom of the clear opening
not more than 44 inches (1118 mm) above the floor.
All egress or rescue windows from sleeping rooms
shall have a minimum net clear opening of 5.7
square feet (0.53 m 2 ). The minimum net clear
opening height dimension shall be 24 inches (610
mm). The minimum net clear opening width
dimension shall be 20 inches (508 mm).
Bars, grilles or screens placed over emergency
escape windows shall be releasable or removable
from the inside without the use of a key, tool or
force greater than that which is required for normal
operation of the window.
Exceptions
1. The minimum net clear opening for grade floor
windows shall be five square feet (0.47 m 2 ).
2. An outside window or an exterior door for
emergency escape is not required in buildings
where the sleeping room is provided with a door
to a corridor having access to two remote exits in
opposite directions.
3. An outside window or an exterior door for
emergency escape is not required in buildings
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2. 1 or
906 2.2
1010.5 Open parking structures: Parking
structures shall not have less than two exits from
each parking tier, except that only one exit is
required where vehicles are mechanically parked.
Unenclosed vehicle ramps shall not be considered as
required exits unless pedestrian facilities are
provided. Interior exit stairways are not required to
be enclosed.
780 CMR 1011.0 EXIT ACCESS
PASSAGEWAYS AND CORRIDORS
1011.1 Access passageway: Direct exit access shall
be provided to required exits through continuous
passageways, aisle accessways, aisles or corridors
which are conveniently available to all occupants
and maintained free of obstruction. In every area
containing seating, displays, exhibits, counters,
shelving and other furnishings or fixtures, a path of
travel that connects with each of the means of egress
doorways serving the area and which complies with
the minimum width requirements of aisles, shall be
provided.
101 1. 1. 1 Use Groups 1-2 and 1-3: Every
sleeping room in occupancies in Use Group 1-2 or
1-3 shall have an exit access door leading directly
to an exit access corridor.
Exception: Direct corridor access is not
required:
1. Where there is an exit door opening directly
to the outside from the room at ground level.
2. In occupancies in Use Group 1-2, where one
adjacent room, such as a sitting room or
anteroom, intervenes and all doors along the
means of egress are equipped with nonlockable
hardware in accordance with 780 CMR
409.3.2, and the intervening room is not used
as an exit access for more than eight patients.
3. In occupancies in Use Group 1-2, where a
patient sleeping room is subdivided with
nonfireresistance rated, noncombustible
partitions, provided that the arrangement
allows for direct and constant visual
supervision by nursing personnel and the suite
complies with 780 CMR 101 1.1 and 780 CMR
1017.0. Such rooms which are so subdivided
shall not exceed 5,000 square feet (465 mr).
4 In occupancies in Use Group 1-3, where a
dayroom or group activity space intervenes
between an in dividual occupant sleeping room
and the access to an exit, provided that the
sleeping room opens directly to the day space
and is not separated in elevation by more than
one story.
1011.1.2 Turnstiles and gates: Access through
turnstiles, gates, rails or similar devices shall not
be permitted unless such a device is equipped to
swing readily in the direction of exit travel under
a total force of not more than 15 pounds (73.23
N).
1011.1.3 Restrictions: The required width of
passageways, aisle accessways, aisles and
corridors shall be maintained free of projections
and restrictions; except that the minimum clear
width resulting from doors opening into such
spaces shall be one-half of the required width.
When fully open, the door shall not project more
than seven inches (178 mm) into the required
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width. Handrail projections are permitted in
accordance with 780 CMR 1022.2.1.
1011.2 Dead ends: exit access passageways and
corridors in all stories which serve more than one
exit shall provide direct connection to such exits in
opposite directions from any point in the
passageway or corridor insofar as practicable. The
length of a dead-end passageway or corridor shall
not be more than 20 feet (6096 mm).
Exceptions:
1 . In occupancies in Use Group 1-3 of Occupancy
Conditions H, HI or IV (see 780 CMR 308.4), the
dead end in a corridor, hallway or aisle shall not
exceed 50 feet (15240 mm).
2. In occupancies in Use Group B where
passageways are bounded by furniture, counters,
partitions or similar dividers not more than six
feet (1829 mm) in height, the length of a dead-end
passageway shall not be more than 50 feet (15240
mm).
3 . Passageways or corridors within spaces with
one means of egress.
4. A dead-end passageway or corridor shall not
be limited in length where the length of the dead-
end passageway or corridor is less than 2.5 times
the least width of the dead-end passageway or
corridor.
1011.2.1 Common path of travel: In
occupancies in Use Group B, the length of a
common path of travel shall not exceed 75 feet
(22860 mm).
Exceptions
1 . The length of a common path of travel in an
occupancy in Use Group B shall not be more
than 100 feet (30480 mm), provided that the
building is equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler ' system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1.
2. Where a tenant space in an occupancy in
Use Group B has an occupant load of not more
than 30, the length of a common path of travel
shall not be more than 100 feet (30480 mm).
1011.3 Width: The minimum required width of
passageways, aisle accessways, aisles and corridors
shall be determined by the most restrictive of the
following criteria:
1 44 inches (1118 mm) where serving an
occupant load of greater than 50.
2. 36 inches (914 mm) where serving an occupant
load of 50 or less.
3. 96 inches (2438 mm) in an occupancy in Use
Group 1-2 used for the movement of beds.
4. 72 inches (1829 mm) in an occupancy in Use
Group E with more than 1 00 occupants.
5. The width required for capacity as determined
by 780 CMR 1009.0.
Aisles and aisle accessways shall conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 1011.0 or 780 CMR
1012.0.
1011.3.1 Capacity: The required capacity of a
corridor shall be determined by dividing the
occupant load that utilizes the corridor for exit
access by the number of exits to which the
corridor connects, but not less than the capacity
of the exit element to which the corridor leads
1011.4 Enclosure: All corridors shall be
fireresistance rated in accordance with Table 10114
based on the use group of the space and the total
required capacity of all of the exits from the
corridor The corridor walls shall comply with
780 CMR 71 1.0.
Exceptions:
1 A fireresistance rating is not required for
corridors in an occupancy in Use Group E where
each room that is occupied for instruction or
assembly purposes has at least one-half of the
required means of egress doors opening directly
to the exterior of the building at ground level.
2. A fireresistance rating is not required for
corridors contained within a dwelling unit or a
guestroom in an occupancy in Use Group R.
Table 1011.4
CORRIDOR FIRERESISTANCE RATING
Total required
capacity of all
exits from
corridor
Required fireresistance rating
(flours)
Use Group
Without
sprinkler
system
With sprinkler
system
H-i.H-2.H-3
H-4
A.B,E,F,M,
S
I-l,R a
1-2
1-3
All
>30
>30
> 1:0
All
All
1
1
1
1
1
Not permitted
1
1
/=
o b
o c
Note a For a reduction in the fireresistance rating for
occupancies in Use Group R_ see 780 CMR 1011.4,
Exception 2.
Note b. For requirements for occupancies in Use
Group 1-2, see 780 CMR 409.3.
Note c. For a reduction in the fireresistance rating for
occupancies in Use Group 1-3, see 780 CMR410.7.
Note d. buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with 780 CMR
906.2.1 or 906.2.2.
1011.4.1 Corridor walls as separation walls:
Tenant and dwelling unit separation walls which
are also corridor walls shall comply with
780 CMR 1011.0 and the requirements of Table
602.
Exception: Tenant separation and dwelling
unit separation walls which are also corridor
walls shall not be required to have a
fireresistance rating greater than that required
by Table 1011.4 where the building is
equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with 780 CMR
906.2.1 or 906.2.2.
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1011.4.2 Opening protectives: All door
assemblies from rooms opening onto a corridor
that is required to be of fireresistance rated
construction shall be fire doors complying with
780 CMR 716.0.
1011.5 Exterior balconies: Exterior exit access
balconies shall conform to the requirements of
780 CMR 1011.0 for corridors and shall be
protected to prevent the accumulation of snow and
ice in climates subject to those elements
1011.5.1 Wall separation: Exterior exit access
balconies shall be separated from the interior of
the building by walls and opening protectives as
required by 780 CMR 1011.4. A fireresistance
rating for the wall is not required where the
balcony is provided with not less than two
approved stairways or other approved means of
egress elements and a dead end does not require
travel past an unprotected opening for access to
the stairway or means of egress element
780 CMR 1012.0 ASSEMBLY AISLES
AND AISLE ACCESSWAYS
1012.1 Where required: In occupancies in Use
Group A which contain seats, tables, displays,
equipment or other material shall be provided with
aisle accessways and aisles in accordance with
780 CMR1012.0. These provisions shall also apply
to tiered or stepped seating facilities except as
modified by 780 CMR 1013.0.
1012.2 Aisle and aisle accessway width: The width
of aisle accessways and aisles shall provide
sufficient means of egress capacity for the number of
persons accommodated by the catchment area served
by the aisle accessway or aisle (see 780 CMR
1012.2.5). The catchment area served by an aisle
accessway or aisle is the portion of the total space
which is naturally served by that section of the aisle
accessway or aisle. In establishing catchment areas
the assumption shall be made that there is a balanced
use of all means of egress, with the number of
persons in proportion to means of egress capacity.
1012.2.1 Measurement of required minimum
width of aisles and aisle accessways: Where
seating is located at a table or counter and is
adjacent to an aisle or aisle accessway, the
measurement of required clear width of the aisle
or aisle accessway shall be made to a line 19
inches (483 mm) away from the edge of the table
or counter. The 19-inch (483 mm) distance shall
be measured perpendicular to the side of the table
or counter. In the case of other side boundaries
for aisles or aisle accessways the clear width shall
be measured to walls, edges of seating and tread
edges, except that handrail projections are
permitted.
1012.2.2 Converging aisles and aisle
accessways: Where aisle accessways or aisles
converge to form a single path of means of egress
travel, the required means of egress capacity of
such path shall not be less than the combined
required capacity of the converging aisle
accessways or aisles
1012.2.3 Uniform width of aisles: Those
portions of aisles where means of egress is
possible in either of two directions shall be
uniform in required width
1012.2.4 Uniform width of aisle accessways:
Those portions of aisle accessways having a
required width exceeding 12 inches (305 mm),
where means of egress is possible in more than
one direction, shall be uniform in required width.
1012.2.5 Capacity of aisles and aisle
accessways: The width of aisles and aisle
accessways shall provide sufficient capacity in
accordance with the following criteria where clear
width is measured in accordance with 780 CMR
1012.2.1.
1 At least 0.3 inch (7.5 mm) of width for each
person served shall be provided on stairs
having riser heights of seven inches (178 mm)
or less and tread depths of 1 1 inches (279 mm)
or greater, measured horizontally between
tread nosings.
2. At least 0.005 inch (0.1 mm) of additional
stair width for each person shall be provided
for each 0.10 inch (2.5 mm) of riser height
above seven inches (178 mm).
3 Where a means of egress requires stair
descent, at least 0.075 inch (2 mm) of
additional width for each person shall be
provided on those portions of stair width not
having handrails within a horizontal distance of
30 inches (762 mm).
4 Level or ramped means of egress with
slopes less than one unit vertical in eight units
horizontal (1:8), shall have at least 0.2 inch (5
mm) of clear width for each person served.
1012.2.6 Minimum width of aisles: The
minimum clear width of aisles shall be: 48 inches
(1219 mm) for stairs having seating on each side;
36 inches (914 mm) for stairs having seating on
only one side; 23 inches (584 mm) between a stair
handrail or guardrail and seating where the aisle
is subdivided by a handrail (see 780 CMR
1012.5); 42 inches (1067 mm) for level or ramped
aisles having theater-style seating on both sides;
36 inches (914 mm) for all other level or ramped
aisles; and 23 inches (584 mm) between a stair
handrail and seating where an aisle does not serve
more than five rows on one side.
1012.2.7 Minimum width of aisle accessways:
Aisle accessways shall conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 1012.6 in the case of
theater-type seating and to the requirements of
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MEANS OF EGRESS
780 CMR 1012.7 in the case of all seating at
tables or counters.
1012.3 Termination: Each end of a cross aisle shall
terminate at an aisle, foyer, doorway or vomitory
giving access to an exit Dead-end aisles which
terminate only at one end with a cross aisle, foyer,
doorway or vomitory giving access to an exit shall
not be greater than 20 feet (6096 mm) in length.
Exception: A longer dead-end aisle is permitted
where seats served by the dead-end aisle are not
more than 24 seats from another aisle, measured
along a row of seats having a minimum clear
width of 12 inches (305 mm) plus 0.6 inch (15
mm) for each additional seat above seven in the
row.
1012.4 Walking surfaces: Aisles with a gradient of
one unit vertical in eight units horizontal (1:8) or
less shall consist of a ramp having a slip-resistant
walking surface. Aisles with a gradient exceeding
one unit vertical in eight units horizontal (1:8) shall
consist of a series of risers and treads which extend
across the full width of aisles and comply with
780CMRs 1012.4.1 and 1012.4.2.
1012.4.1 Treads: Tread depths shall be a
minimum of 1 1 inches (279 mm) and be uniform
within each aisle.
Exception: Nonuniformities shall not exceed
3/16 inch (5 mm) between adjacent treads.
1012.4.2 Risers: Where the gradient of aisle
stairs is to be the same as the gradient of adjoining
seating areas, the riser height shall not be less
than 4 inches (102 mm) nor more than eight
inches (203 mm) and shall be uniform within each
flight.
Exception: Riser height nonuniformity shall
be limited to the extent necessitated by changes
in the gradient of the adjoining seating area to
maintain adequate sightlines Where
nonuniformities exceed 3/16 inch (5 mm)
between adjacent risers, the exact location of
such nonuniformities shall be indicated with a
distinctive marking stripe on each tread at the
nosing or leading edge adjacent to the non-
uniform risers. Such stripe shall be a minimum
of one inch (25 mm) wide and a maximum of
two inches (5 1 mm) wide.
1012.5 Handrails: Ramped aisles having a gradient
exceeding one unit vertical in 15 units horizontal
(1:15) and aisle stairs shall be provided with
handrails located either at the side or within the aisle
width.
Exceptions:
1. Handrails are not required if, at the side of the
aisle, there is a guardrail that complies with the
requirements for handrails.
2. Handrails are not required for aisles with
seating on both sides unless there is more than
one riser per row of seating. The single riser shall
be indicated by a distinctive marking stripe on the
leading edge of the tread.
1012.5.1 Discontinuous rails: Where there is
seating on both sides of the aisle, the handrails
shall be discontinuous with gaps or breaks at
intervals not exceeding five rows to facilitate
access to seating and to permit crossing from one
side of the aisle to the other. These gaps or breaks
shall have a clear width of at least 22 inches (559
mm) and not greater than 36 inches (914 mm),
measured horizontally, and the handrail shall have
rounded terminations or bends.
1012.5.2 Intermediate rails: Where handrails
are provided in the middle of aisle stairs, there
shall be an additional intermediate handrail
located approximately 12 inches (305 mm) below
the main handrail.
1012.6 Row width: The minimum clear row width
shall not be less than 12 inches (305 mm) measured
as the clear horizontal distance from the back of the
row ahead and the nearest projection of the row
behind. Where chairs have automatic or self-rising
seats, the measurement shall be made with the seats
in the raised position. Where any chair in the row
does not have an automatic or self-rising seat, the
measurement shall be made with the seat in the
down position. Where tablet-arm chair seating is
used, the measurement shall be made with the tablet-
arm in the usable position.
1012.6.1 Dual access: For rows of seating served
by aisles or doorways at both ends, there shall not
be more than 100 seats per row. The minimum
clear width of 12 inches (305 mm) between rows
shall be increased by 0.3 inch (7.5 mm) for every
additional seat beyond 14 seats, but the minimum
clear width is not required to exceed 22 inches
(559 mm).
1012.6.2 Single access: For rows of seating
served by an aisle or doorway at only one end of
the row, the minimum clear width of 12 inches
(305 mm) between rows shall be increased by 0.6
inch (15 mm) for every additional seat beyond
seven seats, but the minimum clear width is not
required to exceed 22 inches (559 mm).
However, the path of travel shall not exceed 30
feet (9144 mm) from any seat to a point where a
person has a choice of two paths of travel to two
exits.
1012.7 Aisle accessways for tables and seating:
Aisle accessways serving arrangements of seating at
tables or counters, shall have sufficient clear width
to conform to the capacity requirements of 780 CMR
1012.2.5, but shall not have less than the appropriate
minimum clear width specified in 780 CMR
1012.7.1.
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
1012.7.1 Width: In addition to the width required
by 780 CMR 1012.2, aisle accessways shall
provide a minimum of 12 inches (305 mm) plus
0.5 inch (13 mm) of width for each additional 1
foot (305 mm), or fraction thereof, beyond 12 feet
(3660 mm) of aisle accessway length measured
from the center of the seat farthest from an aisle.
Exception: Portions of an aisle accessway
having a length not exceeding six feet (1830
mm) and used by a total of not more than four
persons.
1012.7.2 Length: The length of travel along the
aisle accessway shall not exceed 36 feet (10973
mm) from any seat to the closest aisle. The path
of travel shall not exceed 30 feet (9144 mm) from
any seat to the point where a person has a choice
of two or more paths of travel to separate exits.
1012.8 Railings: Railings shall be provided on
balconies and galleries in accordance with 780 CMR
1021.4.
780 CMR 1013.0 GRANDSTANDS
1013.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1013.0 shall apply to all
structures with an occupancy in Use Group A which
provide permanent, temporary or portable tiered or
stepped seating facilities, such as grandstands,
bleachers, folding and telescopic seating. Except as
modified by 780 CMR 1013.0, 780 CMR 1012.0
shall apply to all such structures.
1013.2 Smoke-protected assembly seating:
Assembly seating which is served by a means of
egress that is not subject to blocking by smoke
accumulation within or under a structure shall be
considered smoke protected and shall comply with
the requirements of 780 CMR 1013.2.1 through
1013.2.3.
1013.2.1 Roof height: A smoke-protected
assembly seating area with a roof shall have the
lowest portion of the roof not less than 1 5 feet
(4572 mm) above the highest aisle or aisle
accessway.
1013.2.2 Automatic sprinklers: All areas
enclosed with walls and ceilings in structures
containing smoke-protected assembly seating
shall be equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with 780 CMR
906.0.
Exception: An automatic sprinkler system is
not required for either of the following:
1. The floor area used for a contest,
performance or entertainment provided that the
roof construction is more than 50 feet (15240
mm) above the floor level and the use of the
floor is restricted to low fire-hazard
occupancies.
2. Press boxes and storage facilities less than
1,000 square feet (9.3 m 2 ) in area in
conjunction with outdoor seating facilities
where all means of egress in the seating area
are essentially open to the outside.
1013.2.3 Smoke control: All means of egress
serving a smoke-protected assembly seating area
shall be provided with a smoke control system
complying with 780 CMR 921.0 or natural
ventilation designed to maintain the smoke level
at least six feet (1829 mm) above the floor of the
means of egress.
1013.3 Travel distance: The exit access travel
distance shall comply with 780 CMR 1006.5 except
that in a smoke-protected assembly seating area, the
travel distance from each seat to the nearest entrance
to an egress vomitory portal or egress concourse
shall not exceed 200 feet (60960 mm). The travel
distance from the entrance to a vomitory portal or
egress concourse to an approved egress stair, ramp
or walk at the building exterior shall not exceed 200
feet (60960 mm). Where aisles are required, the
distance shall be measured along the aisles and aisle
accessways without travel over or on the seats.
1013.4 Minimum egress widths: The minimum
clear width of stairways, passageways, doorways,
ramps and other means of egress shall provide
sufficient capacity in accordance with the provisions
of 780 CMR 10, except as modified by Table
1013.4.
Table 1013.4
MINIMUM EGRESS WIDTHS
SMOKE-PROTECTED ASSEMBLY
SEATING
Inches
of clear w
dth per seat served
Aisles,
Number of
seats in the
Stairs
with
Stairs
without
accessways,
doorways
Ramps
space
handrails
handrails
and ramps
steeper
within 30
within 30
not steeper
1 slope
inches
inches
than 1 in 10
slope
2,000 or less
0.300
0.375
0.200
0.220
5,000
0.200
0.250
0.150
0.165
10,000
0.130
0.163
0.100
0.110
15,000
0.096
0.120
0.070
0.077
20,000
0.076
0.095
0.056
0.066
25J300 or more
0.060
0.075
0.044
0.048
Note a. If risers exceed 7 inches in height, the
minimum clear width of stairs determined from the table
shall be multiplied by factor A where A = 1 + [(Riser
Height -7.0) -5].
Note b. 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
1013.5 Aisles: Aisles shall be provided in all
seating facilities except that an aisle is not required
where all of the following conditions exist.
1 . Seats are without backrests.
2. The rise from row to row does not exceed six
inches (152 mm) per row.
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MEANS OF EGRESS
3 The row spacing does not exceed 28 inches
(711 mm) unless the seatboards and footboards
are at the same elevation.
4 The number of rows does not exceed 16 in
height.
5. The first seatboard is not more than 12 inches
(305 mm) above the ground, floor surface or cross
aisle below.
6. Seatboards have a continuous flat surface.
7. Seatboards provide a walking surface with a
minimum width of 1 1 inches (279 mm).
8 Egress from seating is not restricted by rails,
guards or other obstructions.
1013.5.1 Termination: Where seats are without
backrests, dead ends in vertical aisles shall not
exceed a distance of 16 rows. For smoke-
protected assembly seating, the dead ends in
vertical aisles shall not exceed a distance of 21
rows. For smoke-protected assembly seating, a
longer dead-end aisle is permitted where seats
served by the dead-end aisle are not more than 40
seats from another aisle, measured along a row of
seats having an aisle accessway with a minimum
clear width of 12 inches (305 mm) plus 0.3 inch
(8 mm) for each additional seat above seven in the
row.
1013.5.2 Row width: For smoke protected
assembly seating, the maximum number of seats
in a row that has a minimum clear aisle accessway
width of 12 inches (305 mm) shall be as specified
in Table 1013.5.2.
Where the number of seats per row exceeds
that specified in Table 1013.5.2, the minimum
clear aisle accessway width for rows served by
aisles or doorways at both ends shall be 12 inches
(305 mm) plus 0.3 inch (7.5 mm) for every
additional seat beyond that specified in Table
1013.5.2 and there shall be not more than 100
seats per row; and for rows served by an aisle or
doorway at only one end of the row, the minimum
clear aisle accessway width shall be 12 inches
(305 mm) plus 0.6 inch (15 mm) for every
additional seat beyond that specified in Table
1013.5.2.
Table 1013.5.2
ROW LENGTH WITH 12-INCH AISLE
ACCESSWAY SMOKE-PROTECTED
ASSEMBLY SEATING
Total number of
seats in the
No. Of seats per row permitted to have a
minimum 1 2-inch clear width aisle
accesswav
space
Ajsle or doorway at
both ends of row
Aisle or doorway at
one end of row
Less than 4,000
4,000
7,000
10,000
13.000
16.000
19,000
::.000ormore
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
11
Note a. 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
1013.5.3 Single access row For rows of seating
served by an aisle or doorway at only one end of
the row in smoke-protected assembly seating, the
common path of [ravel from any seat to a point
where a person has a choice of two directions of
egress travel shall not exceed 50 feet ( 1 5240 mm).
1013.6 Bleacher footboards: Bleacher footboards
shall be provided for all rows of seats above the
third row or beginning at such a point where the
seatboard is more than two feet (610 mm) above the
ground, floor surface or cross aisle below. A
separate footboard is not required where the same
platform is used for both seating and the footboard,
provided that each level or platform is not less than
24 inches (610 mm) wide. On a horizontally
projected plane, horizontal gaps between footboards
and seatboards shall not exceed '/« inch (6 mm).
Openings between footboards and seatboards which
are located more than 30 inches (762 mm) above the
floor or grade below shall be provided with
intermediate construction such that a sphere with a
diameter of four inches (102 mm) cannot pass
through the opening.
1013.7 Spaces underneath seats: Spaces
underneath grandstand seats shall be kept free of all
combustible and flammable materials and shall not
be occupied or used for other than exits; except that
where enclosed in not less than one-hour
fireresistance rated construction, the code official
shall approve the use of such spaces for other
purposes, provided that the safety of the public is not
endangered.
780 CMR 1014.0 STAIRWAYS
1014.1 General: All stairways shall comply with
the provisions of 780 CMR 1014.0. 780 CMR
1014.11 shall be applicable only to interior
stairways. 780 CMR 1014.12 shall be applicable
only to exterior stairways.
1014.1.1 Walking surface: The maximum slope
of the walking surface of treads and landings shall
be one unit vertical in 48 units horizontal (1:48).
1014.2 Egress capacity: The egress capacity of
stairways and doors shall be computed in
accordance with 780 CMR 1009.0.
1014.3 Width: All means of egress stairways shall
not be less than 44 inches (1118 mm) in width.
Exceptions:
1. Stairways serving buildings of single-exit
construction where permitted by 780 CMR 1010.3
shall not be less than 36 inches (914 mm) in
width.
2 Spiral stairways as provided for in 780 CMR
1014.6.4.
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
3. Stairways serving an occupancy in Use Group
R-3 shall not be less than 36 inches (914 mm) in
width.
4. Stairways serving and contained within a
single residential dwelling unit shall not be less
than 36 inches (914 mm) in width.
5. Stairways serving buildings having a total
occupant load of 50 or less shall not be less than
36 inches (914 mm) in width.
6. Where a stairway lift is installed on stairways
serving occupancies in Use Group R-3 or within
dwelling units in occupancies in Use Group R-2,
a clear passage width not less than 20 inches (508
mm) shall be provided.
1014.3.1 Restrictions: Means of egress stairways
shall not reduce in width in the direction of egress
travel. Projections into a required stairway width
are prohibited, except at and below handrail
height where, at each handrail, the projections
shall not exceed 3 Vi inches (89 mm) into the
required width.
1014.3.2 Landing width: The least dimension of
landings and platforms in means of egress
stairways shall not be less than the required width
of the stairway, except that the landing dimension
in the direction of egress travel is not required to
exceed four feet (1219 mm) where the travel from
one stair flight to the next stair flight is a straight
run.
1014.4 Headroom: The minimum headroom in all
parts of a stairway shall not be less than 80 inches
(2032 mm) measured vertically from the tread
nosing or from the floor surface of the landing or
platform.
1014.5 Vertical rise: A means of egress stairway
shall not have a height of vertical rise of more than
12 feet (3658 mm) between landings and
intermediate platforms.
1014.6 Treads and risers: Maximum riser height
shall be seven inches (178 mm) and minimum riser
height shall be four inches (102 mm). Minimum
tread depth shall be 1 1 inches (279 mm), measured
horizontally between the vertical planes of the
foremost projection of adjacent treads and at a right
angle to the tread's leading edge.
Exceptions:
1. Winders in accordance with 780 CMR
1014.6.3.
2. Spiral stairways in accordance with 780 CMR
1014.6.4.
3. Circular stairways in accordance with
780 CMR 1014.6.5.
4. Alternating tread stairways in accordance with
780 CMR 1014.6.6.
5. Stairways serving as aisles in assembly seating
areas where the stairway pitch or slope is set, for
sightline reasons, by the slope of the adjacent
seating area.
6. Any stairway replacing an existing stairway
within a space where, because of existing
construction, the pitch or slope cannot be reduced.
7. Existing stairways.
8. In occupancies in Use Group R-3 and within
dwelling units in occupancies in Use Group R-2,
the maximum riser height shall be S'A inches (210
mm) and the minimum tread depth shall be nine
inches (229 mm). A one-inch (25 mm) nosing
shall be provided on stairways with solid risers.
9. Stairways in penal facilities serving guard
towers, observation stations and control rooms not
more than 250 square feet (23 m 2 ) in area shall be
permitted to have risers not exceeding eight
inches (203 mm) in height and treads not less than
nine inches (229 mm) in depth.
1014.6.1 Profile: The radius of curvature at the
leading edge of the tread shall not be greater than
Vi inch (13 mm). Bevelling of nosings shall not
exceed 'A inch (13 mm). Risers shall be solid and
vertical or sloped from the underside of the
leading edge of the tread above at an angle not
more than 30° (0.52 rad) from the vertical. The
leading edge of tread shall not project more than
V/i inches (38 mm) beyond the tread below.
Exception: Solid risers are not required for
stairways serving dwelling units which are not
required to be accessible or adaptable in
accordance with 521 CMR, the Rules and
Regulations of the Architectural Access
Board, referenced in 780 CMR 11, and listed
in Appendix A, provided that the opening
between treads does not permit the passage of
a sphere with a diameter of four inches (102
mm).
1014.6.2 Dimensional uniformity: There shall
not be variation exceeding 3/16 inch (5 mm) in the
depth of adjacent treads or in the height of
adjacent risers. The tolerance between the largest
and smallest riser or between the largest and
smallest tread shall not exceed % inch (10 mm) in
any flight of stairs.
Exceptions:
1. Where the bottom riser adjoins a sloping
public way, walk or driveway which has an
established grade and serves as a landing, a
variation in the height of the bottom riser shall
not exceed three inches (76 mm) in every three
feet (914 mm) of stairway width.
2. On stairways serving as aisles in assembly
seating, where necessitated by changes in the
gradient of adjoining seating areas to maintain
adequate sightlines, the maximum
nonuniformity of riser heights within a flight
and the nonuniformity between adjacent risers
shall not apply. Where a nonuniformity
exceeds 3/16 inch (5 mm) between adjacent
risers, the exact location of the nonuniformity
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shall be indicated with a distinctive marking
stripe on each tread at the nosing or leading
edge adjacent to the nonuniform risers.
1014.6.3 Winders: Winders shall not be
permitted in required means of egress stairways
except in occupancies in Use Group R-3 and
stairways serving a single dwelling unit Such
winders shall have a tread depth of not less than
nine inches (229 mm) at a point not more than 12
inches (305 mm) from the side where the tread is
narrower and the minimum tread depth shall not
be less than six inches (152 mm).
1014.6.4 Spiral stairways Spiral stairways shall
not be used as an element of a means of egress
except: in occupancies in Use Group R-3; within
a single dwelling unit; from a mezzanine area not
more than 250 square feet (23.25 m 2 ) in area
which serves not more than five occupants; and in
penal facilities from a guard tower, observation
station or control room not more than 250 square
feet (23 m 2 ) in area. The minimum width of all
spiral stairways shall be 26 inches (660 mm) with
each tread having a 7y2-inch (191 mm) minimum
tread depth at 12 inches (305 mm) from the
narrow edge. All treads shall be identical and the
rise shall not be more than 9'/2-inches (241 mm)
A minimum headroom of six feet six inches (198;
mm) shall be provided.
1014.6.5 Circular stairways. Circular stairways
shall have a minimum tread depth and a maximum
riser height in accordance with 780 CMR 1014.6
and the smaller radius shall not be less than twice
the width of the stairway. The minimum tread
depth measured 12 inches (305 mm) from the
narrower end of the tread shall not be less than 1 1
inches (279 mm).
1014.6.6 Alternating tread stairways:
Alternating tread stairways are permitted as an
element of a means of egress in buildings from a
mezzanine area not more than 250 square feet (23
nr) in area and which serves not more than five
occupants; and in penal facilities, from a guard
tower, observation station or control room not
more than 250 square feet (23 m 2 ) in area.
Alternating tread stairways are also permitted for
access to roofs as provided for in 780 CMR
1027.0.
1014.6.6.1 Handrails of alternating tread
stairways: Handrails shall be provided on
both sides of alternating tread stairways and
shall conform to 780 CMR 1022.0.
1014.6.6.2 Treads of alternating tread
stairways: Alternating tread stairways shall
have a minimum projected tread of five inches
(127 mm), a minimum tread depth of 8V2
inches (216 mm), a minimum tread width of
seven inches (178 mm) and a maximum riser
to the next surface of the alternating tread of
9Vi inches (241 mm). The initial tread of the
stairway shall begin at the same elevation as
the platform, landing or floor surface.
Exception: Alternating tread stairways used
as an element of a means of egress in
buildings from a mezzanine area not more
than 250 square feet (23 m 2 ) in area which
serves not more than five occupants shall
have a minimum projected tread of 8'/2
inches (216 mm) with a minimum tread
depth of 10V2 inches (267 mm). The rise to
the next alternating tread surface shall not be
more than eight inches (203 mm)
1014.7 Stairway guards and handrails: Stairways
shall have continuous guards and handrails on both
sides. Intermediate handrails are required so that all
portions of the required width of stairs are within 30
inches (762 mm) of a handrail On monumental
stairs, handrails shall be located along the most
direct path of egress travel Handrails shall be
provided for alternating tread stairways in
accordance with 780 CMR 1014.6.6.1. Guards shall
be constructed in accordance with 780 CMR. 1021.0.
Handrails shall be constructed in accordance with
780 CMR 1022.0.
Exceptions:
1 . Stairways with fewer than three risers are not
required to have handrails where serving a single
dwelling unit or where such stairways are not in
an exit access corridor or aisle, exit or exit
discharge.
2. Aisle stairs provided with a center handrail or
serving seating on one side shail be equipped with
a minimum of one handrail.
3. Stairways within a dwelling unit shall be
equipped with a minimum of one handrail.
4. Spiral stairways shall be equipped with a
minimum of one handrail
1014.8 Egress doors: Means of egress stairway
doors shall provide an egress capacity of not less
than the required capacity of the stairway which
serves the floor or area from which the egress door
leads.
1014.8.1 Width: The minimum required width of
every door to or from a means of egress stairway
shall be determined by the most restrictive of the
following criteria:
1 29 3 /4-inch (756 mm) clear width within a
dwelling unit that is not required to be
accessible or adaptable.
2. 36-inch (914 mm) minimum width of door
ieaf in an occupancy in Use Group 1-2.
3 32-inch (813 mm) clear width in all other
cases.
1014.8.2 Direction of swing: All means of egress
doors shall swing on a landing in the direction of
egress travel. When opening, egress doors shall
not reduce the width of landings to less than one-
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half of the required width. When fully open,
means of egress doors shall not project more than
seven inches (178 mm) into the required width.
Exception: Doors leading from a room or
tenant space to a stairway in buildings in which
only one exit is required are not required to
swing in the direction of egress travel.
1014.8.3 Door construction: All doorway
opening protectties shall be fire doors complying
with 780 CMR 716.0. Labeled means of egress
fire doors shall have a maximum transmitted
temperature end point of not more than 450°F
(232°C) above ambient at the end of 30 minutes
of standard fire test exposure.
1014.9 Stairway construction: All stairways shall
be built of materials consistent with the types of
materials permitted for the type of construction of
the building; except that wood handrails shall be
permitted for all types of construction. Such
stairways shall have solid treads and landing
platforms, and all finish floor surfaces shall be of
slip-resistant materials
1014.9.1 Strength: All stairways, platforms and
landings in other than occupancies in Use Group
R-3 shall be adequate to support a live load of 1 00
pounds per square foot (488.20 kg/m 2 ) and a
concentrated load of 300 pounds (136.20 kg).
1014.10 Discharge identification Exit stairways
which continue beyond the level of exit discharge
shall be interrupted at the level of exit discharge by
partitions, doors or other effective means of
preventing persons from continuing past the floor of
discharge while egressing.
1014.11 Interior stairway enclosures: Interior exit
stairways shall be enclosed with fire separation
assemblies having a fireresistance rating of not less
than two hours except that such stairways in
occupancies in Use Group A, B, E, F, H-4, I, M, R
or S which connect less than four stories shall be
enclosed with fire separation assemblies having a
fireresistance rating of not less than one hour. An
exit stairway enclosure shall not be used for any
purpose other than means of egress. Openings in
exit enclosures, other than unexposed exterior
openings, shall be limited to those necessary for exit
access to the enclosure from normally occupied
spaces and for egress from the enclosure.
Exceptions:
1. Stairways are not required to be enclosed in
occupancies in Use Group A-5 in which all
portions of the means of egress are essentially
open to the outside.
2. Stairways serving and contained within a
single residential dwelling unit in occupancies in
Use Group R-2 or R-3 are not required to be
enclosed
3. Stairways that are not a required means of
egress element are not required to be enclosed
where such stairways comply with 780 CMR
713.3.
4. Stairways in open parking structures which
serve only the parking structure are not required
to be encloed.
5. Stairways in occupancies in Use Group 1-3 as
provided for in 780 CMR 410.3.7.
1014.11.1 Exterior walls: Exterior walls of an
enclosed exit stairway shall comply with the
requirements of 780 CMR 705.0 for exterior
walls. Where nonrated walls or unprotected
openings enclose the exterior of the stairway, the
building exterior walls within ten feet (3048 mm)
horizontally of the nonrated wall or unprotected
opening shall be constructed as required for
stairway enclosures, including opening
protectives, but are not required to exceed a one-
hour fireresistance rating with 3 /4-hour opening
protectives This construction shall extend
vertically from a point ten feet (3048 mm) above
the topmost landing of the stairway or to the roof
line, whichever is lower, and down to the ground
1014.11.2 Penetrations: Penetrations into and
openings through an exit enclosure assembly are
prohibited except for required exit doors,
ductwork and equipment necessary for
independent stair pressurization, required
ventilation sprinkler piping, standpipes and
electrical conduit serving the stairway and
terminating at a steel box that does not exceed 1 6
square inches (10323 mm 2 ) in area. There shall
not be any penetrations or communicating
openings, whether protected or not between
adjacent stairway enclosures.
1014.11.3 Door locks: All interior stairway
means of egress doors shall be openable from
both sides without the use of a key or special
knowledge or effort.
Exceptions:
1 . Stairway discharge doors shall be operable
from the egress side and shall only be locked
from the opposit side.
2. 780 CMR 1014.0 shall not apply to doors
arranged in accordance with 780 CMR 403. 10
and 10174
1014.11.4 Exit signs: Each door to an enclosed
exit stairway shall be equipped with tactile
signage reading "Exit" complying with CABO
Al 17.1 listed in Appendix A and installed on the
side of the door from which egress is to be made.
1014.11.5 Stairway floor number signs: A sign
shall be provided at each floor landing in all
interior exit stairways connecting more than three
stones designating the floor level above and
below the level of exit discharge the identification
of the stairway and the availability of roof access
from that stairway. The sign shall be located
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approximately five feet (1524 mm) above the
floor landing in a position which is readily visible
when the doors are in the open and closed
positions.
1014.12 Exterior stairways: Exterior stairways
shall have openings on at least one side facing an
outer court, yard or public way. The openings shall
have an aggregate width of not less than 20% of the
stairway perimeter and an aggregate area on each
level of not less than 12% of the total perimeter wall
area of each level. In other than occupancies in Use
Group R-3, treads, platforms and landings which are
part of exterior stairways in climates subject to snow
or ice shall be protected to prevent accumulation of
same. Exterior stairways shall not be accepted as an
exit in the following cases:
1. Occupancies in Use Groups 1-2 and 1-3 in
buildings that exceed four stories or 50 feet
(15240 mm) in height.
2. Floors that exceed five stories or 65 feet
(19812 mm) in height above the level of exit
discharge.
1014.12.1 Location: Exterior exit stairways shall
not project beyond the street lot line. Exterior
exit stairways shall be located at least ten feet
(3048 mm) from adjacent lot lines and from other
buildings on the same lot unless openings in such
buildings are protected by %-hour opening
protectives.
Exception: Noncombustible exterior
stairways constituting not more than 50% of
the required means of egress shall be exempt
from the ten-foot (3048 mm) fire separation
distance requirement.
1014.12.2 Protection: Exterior exit stairs shall be
separated from the interior of the building by
walls with a fireresistance rating of not less than
one hour, with fixed or self-closing opening
protectives as required in 780 CMR 1014.11.
This protection shall extend vertically from a
point ten feet (3048 mm) above the topmost
landing or the roof line, whichever is lower, down
to the ground, and shall extend horizontally ten
feet (3048 mm) from each side of the stairway.
Openings within the horizontal ten-foot (3048
mm) extension of the protected walls beyond the
stairway shall be equipped with fixed 3 /4-hour
opening protective assemblies.
Exceptions:
1 . Occupancies, other than those in Use Group
R-l or R-2, in buildings that are two stories or
less above grade where the level of exit
discharge is the first story above grade.
2. Separation from the interior of the building
is not required where the exterior stairway is
served by an exterior exit access balcony that
connects tworemote exterior stairways or other
approved exits, with a perimeter which is not
less than 50% open. To be considered open.
the opening shall be a minimum of 50% of the
height of the enclosing wall, with the top of the
openings not less than seven feet (2134 mm)
above the top of the balcony.
3. Separation from the interior of the building
is not required for an exterior stairway located
in a building or structure that is permitted to
have unenclosed interior exit stairways in
accordance with 780 CMR 1014.11.
780 CMR 1015.0 SMOKEPROOF
ENCLOSURES
1015.1 General: A smokeproof enclosure shall
consist of an enclosed interior exit stairway that
conforms to 7S0 CMR 1014.0 and an outside
balcony or a ventilated vestibule meeting the
requirements of 780 CMR 1015.0. Where access to
the roof is required by 780 CMR 1027.0, such access
shall be from the smokeproof enclosure where a
smokeproof enclosure is required.
1015.2 Where required: In buildings having a
height of 70 feet above the grade plane, at least one
exit stairwell shall be protected by a smokeproof
enclosure serving all floor levels. In buildings
having exit stairwells more than 30 feet below the
level of exit discharge, at least one exit stairwell
shall be protected by a smokeproof enclosure
serving all floor levels located below the level of exit
discharge.
Exception: Occupancies in Use Group 1-2.
1015.3 Access: Access to the stair shall be from
every story and shall be by way of a vestibule or by
way of an open exterior balcony, except that a
vestibule or balcony is not required for a smokeproof
enclosure that consists of a pressurized stairway
complying with 780 CMR 1015.7. The minimum
dimension of the vestibule shall not be less than the
required width of the corridor leading to the
vestibule but shall not have a width of less than 44
inches (1118 mm) and shall not have a length of less
than 72 inches (1829 mm) in the direction of egress
travel.
1015.4 Construction: The smokeproof enclosure
shall be separated from the remainder of the building
by not less than a two-hour fireresistance rated fire
separation assembly without openings other than the
required means of egress doors. The vestibule shall
be separated from the stairway by not less than a
two-hour fireresistance rated fire separation
assembly. The open exterior balcony shall be
constructed in accordance with the fireresistance
rating requirements for floor construction.
1015.4.1 Door closers: All doors in a smokeproof
enclosure shall be self-closing or shall be
automatic-closing by actuation of a smoke
detector installed at the floor side entrance to the
smokeproof enclosure in accordance with
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780 CMR 716.5. The actuation of the smoke
detector on any door shall activate the closing
devices on all doors in the smoke proof enclosure
at all levels. Smoke detectors shall be installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 918.8.
1015.5 Natural ventilation alternative: The
provisions of 780 CMR 1015.5.1 through 1015.5.3
shall apply to ventilation of smokeproof enclosures
by natural means.
1015.5.1 Balcony doors: Where access to the
stairway is by way of an open exterior balcony,
the door assembly into the enclosure shall be a
fire door in accordance with 780 CMR 716.0.
1015.5.2 Vestibule doors: Where access to the
stairway is by way of a vestibule, the door
assembly into the vestibule shall be a. fire door
complying with 780 CMR 716.0. The door
assembly from the vestibule to the stairway shall
have not less than a 20-minute fire protection
rating complying with 780 CMR 716.0.
1015.5.3 Vestibule ventilation: Each vestibule
shall have a minimum net area of 16 square feet
(1.49 m 2 ) of opening in a wall facing an outer
court, yard or public way which is at least 20 feet
(6096 mm) in width.
1015.6 Mechanical ventilation alternative: The
provisions of 780 CMR 1015.6.1 through 1015.6.4
shall apply to ventilation of smokeproof enclosures
by mechanical means.
1015.6.1 Vestibule doors: The door assembly
from the building into the vestibule shall be afire
door complying with 780 CMR 716.0. The door
assembly from the vestibule to the stairway shall
have not less than a 20-minute fire protection
rating in accordance with 780 CMR 716.0. The
door from the building into the vestibule shall be
provided with gaskets or other provisions to
minimize air leakage.
1015.6.2 Vestibule ventilation: The vestibule
shall be supplied with not less than one air change
per minute, and the exhaust shall not be less than
150% of supply. Supply air shall enter and
exhaust air shall discharge from the vestibule
through separate, tightly constructed ducts used
only for that purpose. Supply air shall enter the
vestibule within six inches (152 mm) of the floor
level. The top of the exhaust register shall be
located at the top of the smoke trap but not more
than six inches (152 mm) down from the top of
the trap, and shall be entirely within the smoke
trap area. Doors in the open position shall not
obstruct duct openings. Duct openings with
conti oiling dampers are permitted where
necessary to meet the design requirements, but
dampers are not otherwise required.
1015.6.2.1 Engineered ventilation system:
Where a specially engineered system is used,
the systems shall exhaust a quantity of air
equal to not less than 90 air changes per hour
from any vestibule in the emergency operation
mode and shall be sized to handle three
vestibules simultaneously. Smoke detectors
shall be located at the floor side entrance to
each vestibule and shall activate the system for
the affected vestibule. Smoke detectors shall
be installed in accordance with 780 CMR
918.8.
1015.6.3 Smoke trap: The vestibule ceiling shall
be at least 20 inches (50S mm) higher than the
door opening into the vestibule to serve as a
smoke and heat trap and to provide an upward
moving air column. The height shall not be
decreased unless approved and justified by design
and test.
1015.6.4 Stair shaft air movement system: The
stair shaft shall be provided with a dampered
relief opening and supplied with sufficient air to
maintain a minimum positive pressure of 0.10
inch of water column (24.88 P) in the shaft
relative to the vestibule with all doors closed.
1015.7 Ventilating equipment: The activation of
ventilating equipment required by the alternatives in
780 CMR 1015.6 and 1015.7 shall be by smoke
detectors installed at each floor level at an approved
location at the entrance to the smokeproof enclosure .
When the closing device for the stair shaft and
vestibule doors is activated by smoke detection or
power failure, the mechanical equipment shall
activate and operate at the required performance
levels. Smoke detectors shall be installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 918 8.
1015.7.1 Ventilation systems: Smokeproof
enclosure ventilation systems shall be
independent of other building ventilation systems.
The equipment and ductwork shall comply with
one of the following:
1. Equipment and ductwork shall be located
exterior to the building and shall be directly
connected to the smokeproof enclosure or
connected to the smokeproof enclosure by
ductwork enclosed by two-hour fireresistance
rated fire separation assemblies.
2. Equipment and ductwork shall be located
within the smokeproof enclosure with intake or
exhaust directly from and to the outside or
through ductwork enclosed by two-hour
fireresistance raxed fire separation as semblies.
3. Equipment and ductwork shall be located
within the building if separated from the
remainder of the building, including other
mechanical equipment, by two-hour
fireresistance rated fire separation assemblies.
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1015.7.2 Standby power: Mechanical vestibule
and stair shaft ventilation systems and automatic
fire detection systems shall be powered by an
approved standby power system conforming to
7S0 CMR 403.9.1 and 527 CMR 12.00, the
Massachusetts Electrical Code, referenced in
780 CMR 27, and listed in Appendix A.
1015.7.3 Acceptance and testing: Before the
mechanical equipment is approved, the system
shall be tested in the code official's presence to
confirm that the system is operating in compliance
with these requirements.
780 CMR 1016.0 RAMPS
1016.1 Capacity: The capacity of a ramp used as a
means of egress component shall be computed in
accordance with 780 CMR 1009.0.
1016.2 Minimum dimensions: The minimum
dimensions of means of egress ramps shall comply
with 780 CMR 1016.2.1 through 1016.2.3.
1016.2.1 Width: The minimum width of a means
of egress ramp shall not be less than that required
for corridors by 780 CMR 101 1.3.
1016.2.2 Headroom: The minimum headroom in
all parts of the means of egress ramp shall not be
less than SO inches (2032 mm).
1016.2.3 Restrictions: Means of egress ramps
shall not reduce in width in the direction of egress
travel. Projections into the required ramp and
landing width are prohibited except at and below
handrail height where, at each handrail, the
projections shall not exceed VA inches (89 mm)
into the required width. Doors opening onto a
landing shall not reduce the clear width to less
than 42 inches (1067 mm).
1016.3 Maximum slope: The maximum slope of
means of egress ramps in the direction of travel shall
be one unit vertical in 12 units horizontal (1:12);
except the maximum slope shall be: one unit
vertical in eight units horizontal (1:8) if the rise is
limited to three inches (76 mm); one unit vertical in
ten units horizontal ( 1 : 1 0) if the rise is limited to six
inches (152 mm). The maximum slope across the
direction of travel shall be one unit vertical in 48
units horizontal (1:48).
Exception: Aisles in areas of Use Group A shall
comply with 780 CMR 1012.0.
1016.4 Landings: Ramp slopes of one unit vertical
in 12 units horizontal (1:12) or steeper shall have
landings at the top, bottom, all points of turning,
entrance, exit and at doors. Ramps shall not have a
vertical rise greater than 30 inches (762 mm)
between landings. The maximum slope of landings
shall be one unit vertical in 48 units horizontal
(1:48) The least dimension of a landing shall not be
less than the required width of the ramp except that
the landing dimension in the direction of travel is not
required to exceed four feet (1219 mm) where the
travel from one ramp to the next ramp is a straight
run.
Exception: Aisles in areas of Use Group A shall
comply with 780 CMR 1012.0.
1016.5 Guards and handrails: Guards shall be
provided on both sides of the ramp and shall be
constructed in accordance with 780 CMR 1021.0.
Handrails conforming to 780 CMR 1022.0 shall be
provided on both sides of every ramp having a slope
greater than one unit vertical in 20 units horizontal
(1:20). Handrails are not required on ramps where
the vertical rise between landings is six inches (152
mm) or less.
Exception: Handrails in aisles in occupancies in
Use Group A shall comply with 780 CMR 1012.0.
1016.5.1 Drop-offs: The sides of ramps and
landings with a drop-off shall have a curb with a
minimum four-inch (102 mm) height above the
walking surface or shall be provided with a
guardrail.
1016.6 Ramp construction: Ramps used as an exit
shall conform to the applicable requirements of
780 CMR 1014.9 as to materials of construction and
enclosure.
1016.6.1 Surface: For all slopes exceeding one
unit vertical in 20 units horizontal (1:20) and
where the use is such as to involve danger of
slipping, the ramp shall be surfaced with approved
slip-resistant materials.
1016.6.2 Exterior ramps: Exterior ramps and
landings shall be designed and constructed to
prevent water from accumulating on the walking
surface.
780 CMR 1017.0 MEANS OF EGRESS
DOORWAYS
1017.1 General: The requirements of 7S0 CMR
1017.0 shall apply to all doorways serving as a
component or element of a. means of egress, except
as provided for in 780 CMR 1014.8, 1014.12.2,
1015.5.1.1015.5.2 and 1015.6.1.
1017.1.1 Floor surface. The floor surface on
both sides of a door shall be at the same elevation.
The floor surface over which the door swings
shall be at the same elevation as the floor level at
the threshold and shall extend from the door in the
closed position a distance equal to the door width.
Exception: This requirement shall not apply
to:
1. Exterior doors, as provided for in 780 CMR
1005.6, which are not on an accessible route.
2. Variations in elevation due to differences in
finish materials, but not more than Vi inch (13
mm).
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Thresholds at doorways shall not exceed V*
inch (19 mm) in height above the finished floor
surface for exterior residential sliding doors or Vz
inch (13 mm) for all other doors. Raised
thresholds and floor level changes greater than V*
inch (6 mm) at doorways shall be beveled with a
slope not greater than one unit vertical in two
units horizontal (1 :2).
1017.2 Number of doorways: Each occupant of a
room or space shall have access to at least two exits
or exit access doors from the room or space where
the occupant load of the space exceeds that listed in
Table 1017.2, or where the travel distance from any
point within the space to an exit or exit access door
exceeds that listed in Table 1017.2. Where the
occupant load of a room or space is between 501 and
1,000, a minimum of three exits or exit access doors
shall be provided. Where the occupant load of a
room or space exceeds 1,000, a minimum of four
exits or exit access doors shall be provided.
Exceptions:
1. Boiler, incinerator and furnace rooms shall be
provided with two egress doorways where the
area exceeds 500 square feet (47 m 2 ) and
individual fuel-fired equipment exceeds 400,000
Btuh (117 kW) input capacity. Door ways shall
be separated by a horizontal distance equal to not
less than one-half of the diagonal dimension of
the room. Where two doorways are required by
this exception, a fixed ladder access out of the
room shall be permitted in lieu of one doorway.
2. In an occupancy in Use Group 1-2, any room
and any suite of rooms as permitted in 780 CMR
1011.1.1, Exception No. 3, of more than 1,000
square feet (93 m 2 ), shall have at least two exit
access doors remote from each other.
Table 1017.2
SPACES WITH ONE MEANS OF EGRESS
Use Group
Maximum
Maximum travel
distance (feet)
occupant load
A.B.E.F.M
50
75
H-l a ,H-2,H-3
3
25
H-4
10
75
LR
10
75
s
30
100
Note a. For requirements for areas and spaces in Use
Group H-l, see 780 CMR 418.2.2.
Noteb. 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
1017.2.1 Entrance and egress doorways: Where
separate doors are provided for entrance and
means of egress, the entrance door shall be clearly
marked "Entrance Only" in letters not less than
six inches (152 mm) in height and legible from
both inside and outside.
1017.2.2 Location of doors: The required
doorways opening from a room or space within a
building and leading to an exit access shall be
located as remote as practicable from each other
and shall conform to 780 CMR 1006.4.1. The
distance of exit access travel from any point in a
room or space to a required exit door shall not
exceed the limitations of 780 CMR 1006.5.
1017.2.3 Door arrangement: The space between
doors in series shall not be less than seven feet
(2134 mm) as measured when the doors are in the
closed position.
Exception: Power-operated doors and
occupancies in Use Groups 1-1 and R-3.
1017.3 Size of doors: The minimum width of each
door opening shall be sufficient for the occupant
load thereof and shall provide a clear width of not
less than 32 inches (813 mm). Where 780 CMR
1017.0 requires a minimum clear width of 32 inches
(813 mm) and a door opening includes two door
leaves without a mullion, one leaf shall provide a
clear opening width of 32 inches (813 mm). The
maximum width of a swinging door leaf shall be 48
inches nominal. Means of egress doors in an
occupancy in Use Group 1-2 used for the movement
of beds shall be at least 44 inches (1118 mm) wide.
The height of doors shall not be less than 80 inches
(2032 mm).
Exceptions:
1 . A means of egress door serving a storage area
of not more than 800 square feet (74 m 2 ) and
which is normally unoccupied shall have a
maximum width often feet (3048 mm).
2. The minimum and maximum width shall not
apply to doors that are not required for means of
egress in occupancies in Use Groups R-2 and R-3 .
3. Door openings to resident sleeping rooms in
occupancies in Use Group 1-3 shall have a clear
width of not less than 28 inches (71 1 mm).
4. Door openings to storage closets less than ten
square feet (0.93 m 2 ) in area shall not be limited
by the minimum width.
5. Width of door leafs in revolving doors that
comply with 780 CMR 1018.0 shall not be
limited.
6. Door openings within a dwelling unit shall not
be less than 78 inches (1981 mm) in height.
7. Exterior door openings in dwelling units, other
than the required exit door, shall not be less than
76 inches (1930 mm) in height.
8. Interior egress doorways within a dwelling unit
not required to be adaptable or accessible shall
have a minimum clear width of 29%-inches (755
mm).
1017.4 Door hardware: Door handles, pulls,
latches, locks and other operating devices shall be at
a maximum height of 48 inches (1219 mm) above
the finished floor The operating devices shall be
capable of operation with one hand and shall not
require tight grasping, tight pinching or twisting of
the wrist to operate. All means of egress doors shall
be of a side-swinging type. All doors shall swing in
the direction of egress where serving an occupant
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load of 50 or more persons or where serving a high-
hazard occupancy. The opening force for interior
sideswinging doors without closers shall not exceed
a five-pound (24 N) force. For all other side-
swinging, sliding and folding doors, the door latch
shall release when subjected to a 15-pound (73 N)
force. The door shall be set in motion when
subjected to a 30-pound (146 N) force The door
shall swing to a full-open position when subjected to
a 1 5-pound (73 N) force. Forces shall be applied to
the latch side
Exceptions:
1 . Doors to private garages, factory and storage
areas with an occupant load often or less.
2. Horizontal sliding-type doors complying with
780 CMR 410.4.2 shall be permitted in a means of
egress in occupancies in Use Group 1-3 .
3 . Doors within or serving a single dwelling unit
which is not required to be accessible or adaptable
by 780 CMR 1 1, are not required to be provided
with lever handled operating devices.
4. Revolving doors conforming to 780 CMR
1018.0
5. Horizontal sliding doors complying with
780 CMR 1017.4.4 shall be permitted in a means
of egress in areas of refuge as described in
780 CMR 1007.5 and areas, other than high-
hazard occupancies, that serve an occupant load
of less than 50.
1017.4.1 Locks and latches: All means of egress
doors shall be readily openable from the side from
which egress is to be made without the use of a
key or special knowledge or effort Refer to
M.G.L. c 143 § 3R for locking devices on the
exterior doors of apartment houses.
Exceptions
1 Key operation shall be permitted from a
dwelling unit provided that the key cannot be
removed from the lock when the door is locked
from the side from which egress is to be made
2 Locking devices conforming to 780 CMR
409.3.2 shall be permitted in occupancies in
Use Group 1-2.
3 . Locks conforming to 780 CMR 410.4 shall
be permitted in occupancies in Use Group 1-3 .
4 Means of egress doors from individual
dwelling units and guestrooms of occupancies
in Use Group R having an occupant load often
or less shall be permitted to be equipped with
a night latch, dead bolt or security chain,
provided that such devices are openable from
the inside without the use of a key or tool and
are mounted at a height not to exceed 48 inches
(1219 mm) above the finished floor.
5. Special locking arrangements conforming
to 780 CMR 1017.4.1.2 or 780 CMR
1017.4.1.3.
6 In occupancies in Use Groups B, F, M and
S, the main exterior means of egress door is
permitted to be equipped with a key-operated
locking device from the egress side where in
compliance with the following three
conditions:
6. 1 . The locking device is of a type that is
readily distinguishable as locked
6.2. A readily visible, durable sign is posted
on the egress side on or adjacent to the door
stating "This Door To Remain Unlocked
When This Building Is Occupied " The sign
shall be in letters not less than one inch (25
mm) high on a contrasting background.
6.3 The main exterior door is a single door
or a pair of doors which, when unlocked, the
door or both leafs of a pair of doors swing
free.
7 Locking arrangements conforming to
780 CMR 1017.4.5.
S. In occupancies in Use Group l-l and 1-2
locks shall be permitted under the following
conditions:
a. Patient sleeping room doors may be
provided with key locking devices that
restrict access to the room from the
corridor and that are openable only by
staff from the corridor side, provided such
device shall not restrict egress from the
sleeping room.
b. All other means of egress doors may be
provided with key locking devices where
the clinical needs of the patients require
specialized security measures for their
safety, or for the protection of the public,
provided keys are carried 24 hours per day
by staffing at all times, who have been
trained in emergency evacuation
procedures.
1017.4.1.1 Flush and surface bolts: Manually
operated edge or surface-mounted flush bolts
and surface bolts are prohibited. Where means
of egress doors are used in pairs and approved
automatic flush bolts are used, the door leafs
having the automatic flush bolts shall not have
a door knob or surface-mounted hardware
The unlatching of any leaf shall not require
more than one operation.
1017.4.1.2 Special locking arrangements: In
buildings that are equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2. 1 or with an
automatic fire detection system, doors in a
means of egress serving occupancies in Use
Group B, E, F, I, M S or R, shall be unlocked
or shall be equipped with approved egress
control devices which shall unlock in
accordance with items 780 CMR 1017.4. 1 .2. 1
through 7. A building occupant shall not be
required to pass through more than one door
equipped with a special locking device before
entering an exit.
1 . Actuation of the automatic sprinkler
system or automatic fire detection system.
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2. Loss of power to the egress control
device.
3. Loss of power to the building.
4. Capability of being unlocked manually
by a signal from an emergency control
station.
5. The initiation of an irreversible and
automatic process that will release the latch
within 15 seconds when a force of not more
than 15 pounds (73 N) is applied for one
second to the release device and not relock
until the door has been opened and returned
to the closed position for not less than 30
seconds. Any reopening of the door shall
restart the 30-second relocking cycle. Any
attempt to exit which exceeds one second
shall render the door openable. The time
delay and the minimum relocking cycle time
shall not be field adjustable.
Exceptions:
1 . An increase in the time delay to 30
seconds shall not be permitted except as
approved by the code official..
2. An increase in the relocking cycle
time to 45 seconds shall not be permitted
except as approved by the code official.
3. In Use Group B buildings where one
tenant occupies the entire floor and the
building has a security station staffed 24
hours each day, the installation of a
door release device described in
780 CMR 1017.4.1.2, item 5, may be
omitted on egress doors in elevator
lobbies provided that all other items in
780 CMR 1017.4.1.2 are met, and in
addition, the following items are met:
a. The building is equipped
throughout with both a supervised
automatic fire sprinkler system and a
supervised automatic fire alarm
system.
b. The supervised automatic fire
sprinkler system and the supervised
fire alarm system shall interface with
the access control system to unlock the
doors automatically upon activation of
either system.
c The elevator lobby shall be
equipped with a telephone connected
directly to the staffed security station
and a sign having block letters one
inch in height shall be provided
directly above the telephone and shall
state: "In case of emergency, pick up
telephone You will be connected
directly to security personnel".
6. Initiation of the irreversible process shall
activate an audible alarm in the vicinity of
the door.
7. A sign having block letters of one inch
(25 mm) in height shall be provided on the
door above and within 12 inches (305 mm)
of the release device stating "Push until
alarm sounds. Door can be opened in 15
seconds."
1017.4.1.3 Security locking arrangements in
penal facilities: In occupancies in Use Groups
A-3, A-4, B, E, F, 1, M and S within penal
facilities, doors in means of egress serving
rooms or spaces occupied by persons whose
movements must be controlled for security
reasons shall be permitted to be locked if
equipped with egress control devices which
shall unlock manually and by at least one of
the following means.
1. Actuation of an automatic fire
suppression system required by 780 CMR
904.1.
2. Actuation of a key-operated manual
alarm station required by 780 CMR 917.4.
3 A signal from a central control station.
1017.4.2 Panic hardware: All doors equipped
with latching devices in occupancies in Use
Groups A and E or portions of buildings occupied
for assembly or educational purposes and serving
rooms or spaces with an occupant load greater
than 100, shall be equipped with approved panic
hardware. Acceptable panic hardware shall be a
door latching assembly incorporating a device
which causes the door latch to release and the leaf
to open when a force of 15 pounds (73 N) is
applied in the direction of egress to a bar or panel,
the activating portion of which extends not less
than one-half of the width of the door leaf, and is
applied at a height greater than 30 inches (762
mm) but less than 44 inches (1118 mm) above the
floor. The force shall be applied at the lock side
of the door or 30 inches (762 mm) from the
hinged side, whichever is farther from the hinge.
Where fire door assemblies are required to have
panic hardware, approved fire exit hardware shall
be used
1017.4.3 Power-operated doors: Where means
of egress doors are operated by power, such as
doors with a photoelectric-actuated mechanism to
open the door upon the approach of a person, or
doors with power-assisted manual operation, the
design shall be such that in the event of power
failure, the door is capable of being opened
manually to permit means of egress travel or
closed where necessary to safeguard means of
egress. The forces required to open these doors
manually shall not exceed those specified in
780 CMR 1017.4 except that the force to set the
door in motion shall not exceed 50 pounds (244
N). The door shall be capable of swinging from
any position to the full width of the opening in
which such door is installed when a force is
applied to the door on the side from which egress
is made.
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Exceptions:
1. Occupancies in Use Group 1-3.
2. Horizontal sliding doors complying with
780 CMR 1017.4.4.
1017.4.4 Horizontal sliding doors: In other than
occupancies in Use Group FL horizontal sliding
doors that are considered a component of a means
of egress shall comply with all of the following
criteria:
1 . The door serves an occupant load of less
than 50;
2. The door shall be power operated and be
capable of being operated manually in the
event of power failure;
3 The door shall be openable from both sides
without special knowledge or effort.
4 The force required to operate the door shall
not exceed 30 pounds (146 N) to set the door in
motion and 15 pounds (73 N) to close the door
or to open such door to the minimum required
width;
5. The door shall be openable with a force not
to exceed one ounds (73 N) when a force of
250 pounds (12220 N) is applied perpendicular
to the door adjacent to the operating device;
6. The door assembly shall comply with the
applicable fire protection rating and, where
rated, shall be self-closing or automatic-closing
by smoke detection, shall be installed in
accordance with NFiPA 80 listed in Appendix
A. and shall comply with 780 CMR 716.0;
7. The door assembly shall have a standby
power supply;
8 The door shall open to the minimum
required width within ten seconds after
activation of the operating device; and
9. The door assembly power supply shall be
electrically supervised at a constantly attended
location.
1017.4.5 Access-controlled egress doors: The
entrance doors in a means of egress in buildings
ith an occupancy in Use Group A B, E, M, R-l or
R-2 and entrance doors to tenant spaces in
occupancies in Use Groups A, B, E, M, R-l and
R-2 are permitted to be equipped with an
approved entrance and egress access control
system which shall be installed in accordance
with items 780 CMR 1017.4.5. 1. through 6.
1 A sensor shall be provided on the egress
side arranged to detect an occupant
approaching the doors. The doors shall be
arranged to unlock by a signal from or loss of
power to the sensor.
2. Loss of power to that part of the access
control system which locks the doors shall
automatically unlock the doors
3 The doors shall be arranged to unlock from
a manual unlocking device located 40 inches
(1016 mm) to 48 inches (1219 mm) vertically
above the floor and within five feet (1524 mm)
of the secured doors Ready access shall be
provided to the manual unlocking device and
the device shall be clearly identified by a sign.
When operated, the manual unlocking device
shall result in direct interruption of power to
the lock - independent of the access control
system electronics - and the doors shall remain
unlocked for a minimum of 30 seconds
4. Activation of the building fire protective
signaling system. if provided. shall
automatically unlock the doors, and the doors
shall remain unlocked until the fire protective
signaling system has been reset.
5 Activation of the building automatic
sprinkler or fire detection system, if provided,
shall automatically unlock the doors The
doors shall remain unlocked until the fire
protective signaling system has been reset.
6 Entrance doors in buildings with an
occupancy in Use Group A B, E or M shall not
be secured from the egress side during periods
that the building is open to the general public
1017.5 Security grilles: Horizontal sliding or
vertical security grilles which are part of a required
means of egress shall be openable from the inside
without the use of a key or special knowledge or
effort during periods that the space is occupied. The
grilles shall remain secured in the full-open position
during the period of occupancy by the general
public Grilles shall not be brought to the closed
position when there are more than ten persons
occupying spaces served by a single exit or 50
persons occupying spaces served by more than one
exit. Where two or more exits are required, not more
than one-half of the exits shall be equipped with
horizontal sliding or vertical security grilles
1017.6 Level of exit discharge doors: Where
glazed, doors at the level of exit discharge shall be
glazed with approved safety glazing. Approved
doors having one or more unframed edges shall be
constructed of safety glazing not less than Vi inch
thick. (Also see 780 CMR 2405)
780 CMR 1018.0 REVOLVING DOORS
1018.1 General: All revolving doors shall comply
with 780 CMR 1018.2 through 1018.5. In other than
occupancies in Use Group H, revolving doors that
are considered a component of the means of egress
shall comply with 780 CMR 1018.2 through 1018.6.
1018.2 Collapse: Each revolving door shall be
capable of collapsing into a book-fold position with
parallel egress paths having an aggregate width of
not less than 36 inches (914 mm). The revolving
door shall collapse when a force of not more than
180 pounds (880 N) is applied within 3 inches (76
mm) of the outer edge of a wing.
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is reduced to not more than 130 pounds (635 N)
when:
1. There is a power failure or power is
removed to the device holding the wings in
position.
2. There is an actuation of the automatic
sprinkler system where such system is
provided.
3. There is an actuation of an automatic fire
detection system installed in accordance with
780 CMR 918.0 for all areas within the
building which are within 75 feet (22860 mm)
of the revolving doors. The collapse of the
door(s) shall not be delayed by the alarm
verification required by 780 CMR 918.7.
4. There is an actuation of a manual control
switch which reduces the holding force to not
more than the 130-pound (635 N) force level.
Such switch shall be in an approved location
and shall be clearly identified.
1018.3 Dispersal area: A revolving door shall not
be located within ten feet (3048 mm) of the foot or
top of stairways or escalators A dispersal area shall
be provided between the stairways or escalators and
the revolving doors.
1018.4 Speed control: The revolutions per minute
for a revolving door shall not exceed the speeds
indicated in Table 1018 4
Table 1018.4
REVOLVING DOOR SPEED
Inside diameter
Power-dnven type
speed control
(rpm)
Manual-type speed
control (rpm)
6'6"
7'0"
7'6"
8'0"
8'6"
9'0"
9'6"
lO'O"
11
10
9
9
8
8
7
12
11
11
10
9
9
8
8
Note a. 1 foot = 304.8 mm. 1 inch = 25 4 mm.
1018.5 Adjacent area: Each revolving door shall
have a conforming side-hinged swinging door in the
same wall as, and within ten feet (3048 mm) of, the
revolving door.
Exception: The adjacent swinging door is not
required for street floor elevator lobbies if a
stairway, escalator or door from other parts of the
building does not discharge through the lobby and
the lobby does not have any occupancy other than
as a means of travel between the elevators and
street
1018.6 Means of egress: A revolving door to be
considered as a component of a means of egress
shall comply with 780 CMR 1018.2 through 1018.5
and the following conditions:
1 Revolving doors shall not be given credit for
more than 50% of the required exit capacity of the
building.
2. Each revolving door shall not be credited with
more than a 50-person capacity.
3. Each revolving door shall be capable of being
collapsed when a force of not more than 130
pounds (635 N) is applied within three inches (76
mm) of the outer edge of a wing.
780 CMR 1019.0 HORIZONTAL EXITS
1019.1 General: Horizontal exits shall be accepted
as an approved exit element of a required means of
egress. The connection between an area of a
building which the horizontal exit serves and the
area of refuge as herein required shall be
accomplished by protected openings in a
fireresistance rated wall, or by an open-air balcony
or bridge.
1019.2 Separation: The separation between
buildings or areas of refuge connected by a
horizontal exit shall be provided by at least a two-
hour fireresistance rated fire wall or fire separation
assembly with approved opening protectives
complying with 780 CMR 7 and Table 602.
1019.2.1 Doors: All doors shall swing in the
direction of egress travel Where the horizontal
exit serves as an exit from both sides of the wall,
there shall be adjacent openings with swinging
fire doors opening in opposite directions.
Exception: Horizontal sliding doors
complying with 780 CMR 1017.4.4 where
serving an occupant load of less than 50
1019.3 Area of refuge: The discharge area of a
horizontal exit shall be either public areas or spaces
occupied by the same tenant, and each such area of
refuge shall be adequate to hold the total occupant
load of both connected areas The capacity of areas
of refuge shall be computed on a minimum net floor
area allowance for each occupant to be
accommodated therein, not including areas of
stairways, elevators and other shafts or courts, as
follows:
1 . 30 square feet (2.8 m 2 ) per patient for hospitals
and nursing homes
2. Six square feet (0 56 nr) per occupant on
stories not housing patients confined to a bed or
litter in an occupancy in Use Group 1-2.
3. Six square feet (0.56 nr) per occupant in an
occupancy in Use Group 1-3.
4. Three square feet (0.28 nr 1 ) in all other cases.
1019.4 Egress from area of refuge The path of
egress travel from the horizontal exit through the
area of refuge to another exit shall be continuously
available. In other than occupancies in Use Group
1-3, there shall be at least one exit on each side of the
horizontal exit which is not a horizontal exit. Any
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area of refuge not having access to an exit, other
than a horizontal exit, shall be considered as part of
an adjoining area of refuge with such exit. In the
area(s) served by the horizontal exit, the length of
exit access travel distance to the horizontal exit or
another exit shall not exceed the requirements of
780 CMR 1006.5. Occupancies in Use Group 1-3
shall conform to 780 CMR 410.3.3.
780 CMR 1020.0 LEVEL OF EXIT
DISCHARGE PASSAGEWAYS USED
AS AN EXTT ELEMENT
1020.1 Passageways: Every required interior and
exterior exit element which does not adjoin a. public
way shall be directly connected to the public way or
to an open court leading to the public way by an
enclosed passageway at the level of exit discharge,
constructed in accordance with the requirements for
the enclosure of the exit it serves, or through lobbies
or vestibules as provided for in 780 CMR 1020.0.
Building areas below the level of exit discharge
shall be separated from the passageway in
accordance with the requirements for the enclosure
of exits.
1020.2 Vestibule: Where an exit discharges into an
interior vestibule, the vestibule shall be used for
ingress and means of egress only, and the vestibule
shall comply with 780 CMR 1020.2. 1 and 1020.2.2.
1020.2.1 Depth and width: The vestibule depth
from the exterior of the building shall not be
greater than ten feet (3048 mm) and the width
shall not be greater than 20 feet (6096 mm).
1020.2.2 Separation: The vestibule shall be
separated from the remainder of the level of exit
discharge by self-closing doors and the equivalent
of ' . 4-inch-thick wired glass in steel frames.
1020.3 Lobby: Where an exit discharges into an
interior lobby located at the level of exit discharge,
the story containing the lobby shall be equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system
installed in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2. 1 or
906.2.2. Opening protectives shall be required in
accordance with Table 716. 1 at the point in which an
enclosed exit stairway discharges into a lobby.
Exception: An automatic sprinkler system is not
required in areas that are separated from the lobby
by fire separation assemblies (see 780 CMR
709.0) having a fireresistance rating of not less
than that required for exit enclosures.
1020.4 Width and height: The clear width of the
passageway shall not be less than the width required
for the capacity of the exit stairways leading thereto
and all required exit doorways opening into the
passageway Such passageway shall have a
minimum width of 44 inches (1118 mm) and a
minimum clear ceiling height of eight feet (23438
mm).
1020.5 Maximum stairway limitations: Not more
than 50% of the required stamvays shall discharge
through the same passageway. Multiple lobbies
constructed in accordance with 780 CMR 1020.3
located adjacent to one another shall be separated
from each other in accordance with the requirements
for enclosure of exits.
780 CMR 1021.0 GUARDS
1021.1 General: Where required by the provisions
of 780 CMR 406.5, 408.3.2, 1005.5, 1014.7, 1016.5
and 1825.5, guards shall be designed and
constructed in accordance with the requirements of
780 CMR 1021.0 and 780 CMR 1615.5 A guardrail
system is a system of building components located
near the open sides of elevated walking surfaces for
the purpose of minimizing the possibility of an
accidental fall from the walking surface to the lower
level.
1021.2 Height: The guards shall be at least 42
inches (1067 mm) in height measured vertically
above the leading edge of the tread or adjacent
walking surface.
Exceptions:
1. In other than occupancies in Use Group E,
guards shall not be less than 34 inches (864 mm)
in height above the leading edge of the tread
along stairs which are not more than 20 feet (6096
mm) in height or which reverse direction at an
intermediate landing with 12 inches (305 mm) or
less measured horizontally between successive
flights.
2. Guards along open-sided floor areas,
mezzanines and landings in occupancies in Use
Group R-3 shall not be less than 36 inches (914
mm) in height.
1021.3 Opening limitations: In occupancies in Use
Groups A, B, E, H-4, 1-1, 1-2, M and R, and in
public garages and open parking structures, open
guards shall have balusters or be of solid material
such that a sphere with a diameter of four inches
(102 mm) cannot pass through any opening. Guards
shall not have an ornamental pattern that would
provide a ladder effect.
Exception: The triangular openings formed by
the riser, tread and bottom rail at the open side of
a. stairway shall be of a maximum size such that a
sphere six inches (152 mm) in diameter cannot
pass through the opening.
In occupancies in Use Groups 1-3, F, H-l, H-2, H-
3 and S, other than public garages and open parking
structures, balusters, horizontal intermediate rails or
other construction shall not permit a sphere with a
diameter of 21 inches (533 mm) to pass through any
opening.
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780 CMR - Sixth Edition
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
1021.4 Railings: Metal or other approved
noncombustible railings shall be provided on
balconies and galleries as prescribed in 780 CMR
1021.4.1 through 1021.4.3.
1021.4.1 At fascia: Railings shall be provided:
at the fascia of boxes, balconies and galleries and
shall not be less than 26 inches (660 mm) in
height; at the end of aisles extending to the fascia
for the full width of the aisle and shall not be less
than 36 inches (914 mm) in height; and at the foot
of steps for the full width of the steps and shall
not be less than 42 inches (1067 mm) in height.
1021.4.2 At cross aisles: Railings shall be
provided along cross aisles, and shall not be less
than 26 inches (660 mm) in height except that
railings are not required where the backs of the
seats along the front of the aisles project 24 inches
(610 mm) or more above the floor of the aisle.
1021.4.3 Successive tiers: Where searings are
arranged in successive tiers, and where the height
of rise between platforms exceeds 18 inches (457
mm), railings not less than 26 inches (660 mm) in
height shall be provided along the entire row of
seats at the edge of the platform.
780 CMR 1022.0 HANDRAILS
1022.1 General: Where required by the provisions
of 780 CMR 1012.5. 1013.0, 1014.6.6.1, 1014.7 and
1016.5, handrails shall be designed and constructed
in accordance with 780 CMR 1022.0 and 780 CMR
1615.5 A handrail is a horizontal or sloping rail
grasped by hand for guidance or support, and for
arresting falls on the adjacent walking surface.
1022.2 Handrail details: Handrail-gripping
surfaces shall be continuous, without interruption by
newel posts, other structure elements or
obstructions A handrail and any wall or other
surface adjacent to the handrail shall be free of any
sharp or abrasive elements. The clear space between
the handrail and the adjacent wall or surface shall
not be less than VA inches (38 mm). Edges shall
have a minimum radius of 1 /a inch (3 mm).
1022.2.1 Projection: Handrails shall not project
more than VA inches (89 mm) into the required
passageway, aisle, corridor, stair or ramp width.
1022.2.2 Height: Handrails shall not be less than
34 inches (864 mm) nor more than 38 inches
(965 mm), measured vertically, above the leading
edge of the treads or above the finished floor of
the landing or walking surfaces.
Exceptions:
1 Handrails that form part of a guard shall
have a height not less than 34 inches (864 mm)
and not more than 42 inches (1067 mm).
2. Handrails within individual dwelling units
shall not be less than 30 inches (762 mm) nor
more than 38 inches (965 mm), measured
vertically, above the leading edge of the treads
or above the finished floor.
1022.2.3 Handrails in guards Handrails that
form part of a guard shall comply with 780 CMR
1021.3.
1022.2.4 Handrail ends: At locations where
handrails are not continuous between stairway
flights, including the top and bottom of a
stairway, the handrails shall extend horizontally
at least 12 inches (305 mm) beyond the top riser
and continue to slope for the depth of one tread
beyond the bottom riser. The handrail ends shall
be returned to a wall or post
Where handrails are not continuous between
ramp segments, including the top and bottom of a
ramp, the handrails shall extend at least 12 inches
(305 mm) beyond the top and bottom of the ramp
segment and shall be parallel with the floor or
ground surface. The handrail ends shall be
returned to a wall or post
Exception: Within a dwelling unit, the
horizontal extension beyond the top riser of the
stairway flight or top of the ramp segment, and
the extension beyond the bottom riser of the
stairway flight or bottom of the ramp segment,
is not required.
1022.2.5 Handrail grip size: All stairway
handrails shall have a circular cross section with
an outside diameter of at least 1 Vi-inches (32 mm)
and not greater than two inches (51 mm)
Exceptions
1 . Any other shape with a perimeter dimension
of at least four inches (100 mm), but not
greater than 6% inches (158 mm) with the
largest cross-sectional dimension not
exceeding 2V* inches (57 mm).
2. Approved rails of equivalent graspability.
1022.2.6 Handrails of alternating tread
stairways: Stair handrails of alternating tread
stairways shall be of such a configuration as to
provide an adequate hand-hold for a person
grasping the handrail to avoid falling. A
minimum distance of six inches (152 mm) shall
be provided between the stair handrail and any
other object. A minimum distance of 12 inches
(305 mm) shall be provided between the stair
handrails of adjacent alternating tread stairways.
Handrails on alternating tread stairways shall be
spaced a minimum width of 17 inches (432 mm),
not to exceed 24 inches (610 mm), between the
handrails.
780 CMR 1023.0 EXIT SIGNS AND LIGHTS
1023.1 Location: In all buildings, rooms or spaces
required to have more than one exit or exit access,
all required means of egress shall be indicated with
approved signs reading "Exit," visible from the exit
access and, where necessary, supplemented by
directional signs in the exit access corridors
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MEANS OF EGRESS
indicating the direction and way of egress All
"Exit" signs shall be located at exit doors or exit
access areas, so as to be readily visible. Sign
placement shall be such that any point in the exit
access shall not be more than 100 feet (30480 mm)
from the nearest visible sign-
Exceptions:
1 . "Exit" signs are not required in sleeping room
areas in occupancies in Use Group 1-3.
2. Main exterior exit doors which are obviously
and clearly identifiable as exits are not required to
have "Exit" signs where approved.
1023.2 Size and color: "Exit" signs shall have red
letters at least six inches (152 mm) high and the
minimum width of each stroke shall be Vt inch (19
mm) on a white background or in other approved
distinguishable colors. The word "Exit," except the
letter I, shall have letters having a width of not less
than two inches (51 mm) and the minimum spacing
between letters shall not be less than % inch (10
mm). Signs larger than the minimum size herein
required shall have letter widths and spacing in the
same proportions to the height as indicated in
780 CMR 1023.0. If an arrow is provided as part of
an "Exit" sign, the construction shall be such that the
arrow direction cannot be readily changed. The
word "Exit" shall be clearly discernible when the
sign illumination means is not energized
1023.3 Illumination Each sign shall be illuminated
by a source providing not less than five footcandles
(54 lux) at the illuminated surface and shall have a
contrast ratio of not less than 0.5.
Exception: Approved self-luminous signs which
provide evenly illuminated letters shall have a
minimum luminance of 0.06 foot lamberts (0.21
cd/nr).
1023.4 Power source: All "Exit" signs shall be
illuminated at all times that the building is occupied
To assure continued illumination for a duration of
not less than 1 hour in case of primary power loss,
the "Exit" signs shall be connected to an emergency
electrical system that complies with 527 CMR
12.00, the Massachusetts Electrical Code,
referenced in 780 CMR 27, and listed in
Appendix A.
Exceptions:
1. Approved self-luminous signs which provide
continuous illumination independent of external
power sources are not required to comply with
780 CMR 2706.0
2. All exit signs tested and listed to UL-924 as
listed in Appendix A and satisfying the power
source requirements of 780 CMR 1023. 4 shall be
permitted.
780 CMR 1024.0 MEANS OF EGRESS
LIGHTING
1024.1 Artificial lighting: All means of egress in
other than occupancies in Use Group R-3 shall be
equipped with artificial lighting facilities to provide
the intensity of illumination herein prescribed
continuously during the time that conditions of
occupancy of the building require that the exits be
available. Lighting shall also be provided to
illuminate the exit discharge Means of egress
lighting in occupancies in Use Group R-2, other than
lighting within a dwelling unit, shall be wired on a
circuit independent of circuits within any dwelling
unit. The disconnecting means and overcurrent
protection device shall not be located within a
dM'elling unit or such that access to such devices
must be obtained by going through a dwelling unit.
1024.2 Intensity of illumination The intensity of
floor lighting shall not be less than one footcandle
(1 1 lux) except as provided for in 780 CMR 1024 3
1024.3 Use Groups A and E In occupancies in
Use Groups A and E for the exhibition of motion
pictures or other projections by means of directed
light, the minimum required illumination of aisles
during such period of projection shall be 0.2
footcandle (2 lux).
1024.3.1 Control: The lighting of exits, aisles
and auditoriums shall be controlled from a
location that does not provide access to
unauthorized persons. Supplementary control
shall be provided as specified in 780 CMR 411 .4
in the motion picture projection room.
1024.4 Power source: Means of egress lighting in
all buildings, rooms or spaces required to have more
than one exit or exit access shall be connected to an
emergency electrical system that complies with
527 CMR 12.00, the Massachusetts Electrical
Code, referenced in 780 CMR 27, and listed in
Appendix A to assure continued illumination for a
duration of not less than one hour in case of
emergency or primary power loss.
780 CMR 1025.0 FIRE ESCAPES
1025.1 Where permitted: Fire escapes shall be
permitted only as provided for in 780 CMR 1025. 1 . 1
through 1025.1.4.
1025.1.1 New buildings: Fire escapes shall not
constitute any part of the required means of egress
in new buildings.
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
1025.1.2 Existing fire escapes: Existing fire
escapes shall be continued to be accepted as a
component in the means of egress in existing
buildings only.
1025.1.3 New fire escapes: New fire escapes for
existing buildings shall be permitted only where
exterior stairs cannot be utilized due to lot lines
limiting stair size or due to the sidewalks, alleys
or roads at grade level. New fire escapes shall not
incorporate ladders or access by windows.
1025.1.4 Limitations: Fire escapes shall comply
with 780 CMR 1025.0 and shall not constitute
more than 50% of the required number of exits
nor more than 50% of the required exit capacity.
1025.2 Location: Where located on the front of the
building and where projecting beyond the building
line, the lowest landing shall not be less than seven
feet (2134 mm) or more than 12 feet (3658 mm)
above grade, and shall be equipped with a
counterbalanced stairway to the street In alleyways
and thoroughfares less than 30 feet (9144 mm) wide,
the clearance under the lowest landing shall not be
less than 12 feet (3658 mm).
1025.3 Construction: The fire escape shall be
designed to support a live load of 1 00 pounds per
square foot (488.20 kg/m 2 ) and shall be constructed
of steel or other approved noncombustible materials.
Fire escapes constructed of wood not less than
nominal two inches thick are permitted on buildings
of Type 5 construction. Walkways and railings
located over or supported by combustible roofs in
buildings of Types 3 and 4 construction are
permitted to be of wood not less than nominal two
inches thick.
1025.3.1 Dimensions: Stairs shall be at least 22
inches (559 mm) wide with risers not more than,
and treads not less than, eight inches (203 mm)
and landings at the foot of stairs not less than 40
inches (1016 mm) wide by 36 inches (914 mm)
long, located not more than eight inches (203 mm)
below the door
1025.3.2 Opening protectives: Doors and
windows along the fire escape shall be protected
with 3 /4-hour opening protectives.
780 CMR 1026.0 SLIDESCAPES
1026.1 Where permitted: Existing slidescapes and
safety chutes shall be permitted in existing
occupancies in Use Groups E, H and I where
approved. Slidescapes and safety chutes shall be
permitted in occupancies in Use Groups H-l and H-
2 where constructed in an approved manner.
1026.2 Location: The arrangement and location of
slidescapes shall conform to 780 CMR 10 for means
of egress and shall be designated by "Exit" signs and
lights as provided for in 780 CMR 1023.0.
1026.3 Construction All chutes shall be
constructed of approved noncombustible materials
with a pitch in the line of travel of not less than 24
nor more than 42° (0.42 rad to 0.73 rad), measured
on the developed circumference of spiral chutes.
Straight chutes shall not be less than 24 inches (610
mm) and spiral chutes shall not be less than 28
inches (71 1 mm) in clear width, nor more than 44
inches (1118 mm) wide in any case. Where erected
on the interior of a building, the chutes shall be
enclosed as required in 780 CMR 1014.11 for
interior stairways with direct means of egress to a
street or other public way.
1026.4 Capacity Slidescapes shall have a rated
egress capacity of 60 occupants per slide.
Slidescapes, except as permitted for occupancies in
Use Groups H-l and H-2, shall not constitute more
than 25% of the required means of egress capacity
from any building or structure or any individual
story.
780 CMR 1027.0 ACCESS TO ROOF
1027.1 By stairway or ladder In buildings more
than three stories in height except those with a roof
slope greater than four units vertical in 12 units
horizontal (4:12). access to the roof shall be
provided by means of a stairway, an alternating
tread stair in accordance with 780 CMR 1014.6.6 or
a ladder and trap door The ladder shall not be on
the exterior of the building. Where the roof is used
as a roof garden or for other habitable purposes,
sufficient stairways shall extend to the roof to
provide the necessity exit facilities from the roof as
required for such occupancy Roof trap doors shall
be constructed to comply with 780 CMR 1510.2.
1027.1.1 Optional stairway or ladder: In
buildings not required to have a stairway,
alternating tread stair or ladder to the roof, such
devices, if provided, shall conform to the
provisions of 780 CMR 1027.0. Ladders placed
on the exterior of the building shall be of metal
and, if exceeding 20 feet (6096 mm) in height,
shall have a protective cage or other safety device.
The siderails of exterior ladders shall be carried
over the coping or parapet to serve as handrails
Other design details of such exterior ladders are
subject to approval.
1027.2 Roof enclosures: stairways extending
through roofs shall be enclosed in roof structures of
fireresistance rated construction which conform to
the requirements of 780 CMR 1510.0.
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CHAPTER 11
ACCESSIBILITY
(780 CMR 11 is Entirely Unique to Massachusetts)
780 CMR 1101.0 M.G.L. c 22, § 13 A provides that Architectural Access Board, Executive Office of
all public buildings shall be designed to be Public Safety.
accessible to, functional for and safe for the use by In accordance with M.G.L. c. 143, §3 and
physically handicapped persons, in conformance 780 CMR 106.1, said regulations shall be enforced
with the Massachusetts Architectural Access by the municipal building code enforcement
Board's Rules and Regulations (521 CMR 1.00) official or state inspector, as applicable
listed in Appendix A and promulgated by the
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97) 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 201
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
1025.1.2 Existing fire escapes: Existing fire
escapes shall be continued to be accepted as a
component in the means of egress in existing
buildings only
1025.1.3 New fire escapes: New fire escapes for
existing buildings shall be permitted only where
exterior stairs cannot be utilized due to lot lines
limiting stair size or due to the sidewalks, alleys
or roads at grade level. New fire escapes shall not
incorporate ladders or access by windows.
1025.1.4 Limitations: Fire escapes shall comply
with 780 CMR 1025.0 and shall not constitute
more than 50% of the required number of exits
nor more than 50% of the required exit capacity.
1025.2 Location: Where located on the front of the
building and where projecting beyond the building
line, the lowest landing shall not be less than seven
feet (2134 mm) or more than 12 feet (3658 mm)
above grade, and shall be equipped with a
counterbalanced stairway to the street In alleyways
and thoroughfares less than 30 feet (9144 mm) wide,
the clearance under the lowest landing shall not be
less than 12 feet (3658 mm).
1025.3 Construction: The fire escape shall be
designed to support a live load of 100 pounds per
square foot (488.20 kg/m 2 ) and shall be constructed
of steel or other approved noncombustible materials.
Fire escapes constructed of wood not less than
nominal two inches thick are permitted on buildings
of Type 5 construction. Walkways and railings
located over or supported by combustible roofs in
buildings of Types 3 and 4 construction are
permitted to be of wood not less than nominal two
inches thick.
1025.3.1 Dimensions: Stairs shall be at least 22
inches (559 mm) wide with risers not more than,
and treads not less than, eight inches (203 mm)
and landings at the foot of stairs not less than 40
inches (1016 mm) wide by 36 inches (914 mm)
long, located not more than eight inches (203 mm)
below the door.
1025.3.2 Opening protectives: Doors and
windows along the fire escape shall be protected
with 3 /4-hour opening protectives.
780 CMR 1026.0 SLEDESCAPES
1026.1 Where permitted: Existing slidescapes and
safety chutes shall be permitted in existing
occupancies in Use Groups E, H and I where
approved. Slidescapes and safety chutes shall be
permitted in occupancies in Use Groups H-l and H-
2 where constructed in an approved manner.
1026.2 Location: The arrangement and location of
slidescapes shall conform to 780 CMR 10 for means
of egress and shall be designated by "Exit" signs and
lights as provided for in 780 CMR 1023.0.
1026.3 Construction: All chutes shall be
constructed of approved noncombustible materials
with a pitch in the line of travel of not less than 24
nor more than 42° (0 42 rad to 0.73 rad), measured
on the developed circumference of spiral chutes.
Straight chutes shall not be less than 24 inches (6 1
mm) and spiral chutes shall not be less than 28
inches (71 1 mm) in clear width, nor more than 44
inches (1118 mm) wide in any case. Where erected
on the interior of a building, the chutes shall be
enclosed as required in 780 CMR 1014.11 for
interior stairways with direct means of egress to a
street or other public way.
1026.4 Capacity Slidescapes shall have a rated
egress capacity of 60 occupants per slide.
Slidescapes, except as permitted for occupancies in
Use Groups H-l and H-2. shall not constitute more
than 25% of the required means of egress capacity
from any building or structure or any individual
story.
780 CMR 1027.0 ACCESS TO ROOF
1027.1 By stairway or ladder: In buildings more
than three stories in height except those with a roof
slope greater than four units vertical in 12 units
horizontal (4:12). access to the roof shall be
provided by means of a stairway, an alternating
tread stair in accordance with 780 CMR 1014.6.6 or
a ladder and trap door The ladder shall not be on
the exterior of the building. Where the roof is used
as a roof garden or for other habitable purposes,
sufficient stairways shall extend to the roof to
provide the necessity exit facilities from the roof as
required for such occupancy . Roof trap doors shall
be constructed to comply with 780 CMR 1510.2.
1027.1.1 Optional stairway or ladder: In
buildings not required to have a stairway,
alternating tread stair or ladder to the roof, such
devices, if provided, shall conform to the
provisions of 780 CMR 1027.0. Ladders placed
on the exterior of the building shall be of metal
and, if exceeding 20 feet (6096 mm) in height,
shall have a protective cage or other safety device.
The siderails of exterior ladders shall be carried
over the coping or parapet to serve as handrails
Other design details of such exterior ladders are
subject to approval.
1027.2 Roof enclosures: stairways extending
through roofs shall be enclosed in roof structures of
fireresistance rated construction which conform to
the requirements of 780 CMR 1510.0.
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CHAPTER 11
ACCESSIBILITY
(780 CMR 11 is Entirely Unique to Massachusetts)
780 CMR 1101.0 M.G.L. c. 22, § 13A provides that Architectural Access Board, Executive Office of
all public buildings shall be designed to be Public Safety.
accessible to, functional for and safe for the use by In accordance with M.G.L c. 143, §3 and
physically handicapped persons, in conformance 780 CMR 106.1, said regulations shall be enforced
with the Massachusetts Architectural Access by the municipal building code enforcement
Board's Rules and Regulations (521 CMR 1. 00) official or state inspector, as applicable
listed in Appendix A and promulgated by the
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
NON-TEXT PAGE
202 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 2/27/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
CHAPTER 12
INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT
780 CMR 1201,0 GENERAL
1201.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 12 shall
govern the means of light, ventilation, sound
transmission control and rat-proofing required in all
buildings.
1201.2 Buildings on same lot: Where more than one
building is hereafter placed on a lot, or where a
building is placed on the same lot with existing
buildings and the several buildings are treated as a
single structure for the purposes of 780 CMR 12,
equivalent uncovered lot area or other adequate
sources of light and ventilation shall be provided for
all occupied buildings.
780 CMR 1202.0 DEFINITIONS
1202.1 General: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 12 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings shown
herein.
Attic: The space between the ceiling beams of the
top story and the roof rafters.
Court: An open, uncovered and unoccupied space
on the same lot as a building where such space is
enclosed wholly or partly by buildings, walls or
other enclosing devices (see 780 CMR 1212.0).
Inner: Any court enclosed wholly by buildings,
M'alls or other enclosing devices.
Outer: A court extending to and opening upon a
street, public alley or other approved open
space that is not less than 15 feet (4572 mm)
wide, or upon a required yard.
Court height: The vertical distance from the lowest
level of the court to the mean height of the top of
the enclosing walls.
Court width: As applied to an inner court, means
the least horizontal dimension. As applied to an
outer court, means the shortest horizontal
dimension measured in a direction substantially
parallel with the principal open end of such court.
Habitable space: Space in a structure for living,
sleeping, eating or cooking. Bathrooms, toilet
compartments, closets, halls, storage or utility
spaces and similar areas are not considered
habitable spaces.
Occupiable space: A room or enclosed space
designed for human occupancy in which
individuals congregate for amusement.
educational or similar purposes, or in which
occupants are engaged at labor; and which is
equipped with means of egress and light and
ventilation facilities meeting the requirements of
780 CMR.
Vapor retarder: A material having a perm rating of
1 .0 or less, such as foil, plastic sheeting, or
insulation facing, installed to retard the passage of
water vapor or moisture through the exterior
envelope.
Ventilation: The natural or mechanical process of
supplying conditioned or unconditioned air to, or
removing such air from, any space.
Yard: An unoccupied open space other than a court
(see 780 CMR 1212.0 and 1213.0).
780 CMR 1203.0 CONSTRUCTION
DOCUMENTS
1203.1 General: Construction documents for all
buildings and structures that are designed for human
occupancy, other than buildings with occupancies in
Use Groups 1-1, R-2 and R-3, shall designate the
number of occupants to be accommodated in the
various rooms and spaces; where means of artificial
lighting and ventilation are required, the application
shall include sufficient details and description of the
mechanical system to be installed as herein required
or as specified in the mechanical code listed in
Appendix A.
780 CMR 1204.0 ROOM DIMENSIONS
1204.1 Ceiling heights: Habitable (spaces) rooms
other than kitchens shall have a ceiling height of not
less than seven feet six inches (2286 mm).
Hallways, corridors, bathrooms, toilet rooms,
kitchens, laundry rooms and habitable basements
that are only used as recreation rooms shall have a
ceiling height of not less than seven feet (2134 mm)
measured to the lowest projection from the ceiling.
Exception. In occupancies in Use Group R-3, the
maximum projection below the required ceiling
height of beams and girders spaced not less than
four feet (1219 mm) on center shall be six inches
(152 mm).
1204.1.1 Use Groups A, B, E and M: A clear
height from the finished floor to the finished
ceiling or lowest projection of not less than seven
feet six inches (2286 mm) shall be provided in all
exit access and occupiable rooms of structures of
Use Groups A, B, E and M.
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
1204.1.2 Sloping ceilings: If any room in a
building has a sloping ceiling, the prescribed
ceiling height for the room is required in one-half
the area thereof. Any portion of the room
measuring less than five feet (1524 mm) from the
finished floor to the finished ceiling shall not be
included in any computation of the minimum area
thereof.
1204.1.3 Furred ceilings: If any room has a
furred ceiling, the prescribed ceiling height is
required in two-thirds of the area thereof, but the
height of the furred ceiling shall not be less than
seven feet (2134 mm).
1204.2 Floor area: Habitable rooms, except
kitchens, shall have an area of not less than 70
square feet (6.51 m 2 ).
1204.3 Width: A habitable room other than a
kitchen shall not be less than seven feet (2134 mm)
in any dimension.
780 CMR 1205.0 LIGHT AND VENTILATION
REQUIRED
1205.1 Light required: Every room or space
intended for human occupancy shall be provided
with natural or artificial light.
1205.1.1 Bathroom and toilet room lighting:
Every bathroom and toilet room shall be provided
with artificial light. The illumination shall have
an average intensity of three footcandles (32.29
lux) measured at a level of 30 inches (762 mm)
above the floor.
1205.2 Ventilation required: Every room or space
intended for human occupancy shall be provided
with natural or mechanical ventilation.
1205.2. 1: Every bathroom and toilet room shall
be equipped with a mechanical exhaust fan and
associated ductwork with the fan exhausting, as
a minimum, at SO cfm if operated intermittently
or 20 cfm if continuously operated Such
bathroom exhaust shall vent directly to the
outside and no exhaust vent shall terminate in
attics or other interior portions of the building.
780 CMR 1206.0 NATURAL LIGHT
1206.1 General: Should natural lighting be chosen
as a lighting option, in the application of the
provisions of 780 CMR 12, the standard of natural
light for all habitable and ocatpiable rooms, unless
otherwise specifically required by the provisions of
780 CMR 4 for special occupancies, shall be based
on 250 footcandles (2691 lux) of illumination on the
vertical plane adjacent to the exterior of the light-
transmitting device in the enclosure wall and shall
be adequate to provide an average illumination of six
footcandles (64 58 lux) over the area of the room at
a height of 30 inches (762 mm) above the floor
level.
1206.2 Minimum glazing area: Every room or
space intended for human occupancy shall have an
exterior glazing area of not less than 8% of the floor
area. Natural light shall be provided by glazing
areas that open onto courts or yards which comply
with the requirements of 780 CMR 1212.0, or by
other approved means.
1206.2.1 Adjoining spaces: Where natural light
for rooms or spaces without exterior glazing areas
is provided through an adjoining room, the
unobstructed opening to the adjoining room shall
be at least 8% of the floor area of the interior
room or space, but not less than 25 square feet
(2.33 m 2 ). The exterior glazing area shall be
based on the total floor area being served.
1206.3 Stairways: Interior stairways shall be
provided with an exterior glazing area of not less
than ten square feet (0.93 m 2 ) on every floor through
which the stairway passes.
1206.4 Hallways: Natural light shall be capable of
penetrating the full length of the hallway.
780 CMR 1207.0 ARTDFICIAL LIGHT
1207.1 General. Should artificial lighting be
chosen as a lighting option, artificial light shall be
capable of providing the minimum illumination
specified for natural light.
780 CMR 1208.0 NATURAL
VENTILATION
1208.1 General: Should natural ventilation be
chosen as a ventilation option, natural ventilation of
an occupied space shall be through windows, doors,
louvers or other natural openings to the outdoor air.
Exception: All occupancies shall have
mechanical ventilation in bathrooms and toilet
rooms as specified in 780 CMR 1205.2.1 or
otherwise in accordance with the mechanical
ventilation requirements of the BOCA National
Mechanical Code listed in Appendix A.
1208.2 Ventilation area required: The minimum
openable area to the outdoors shall be 4% of the
floor area being ventilated.
1208.2.1 Adjoining spaces: Where rooms and
spaces without openings to the outdoors are
ventilated through an adjoining room, the
unobstructed opening to the adjoining room shall
be at least 8% of the floor area of the interior
room or space, but not less than 25 square feet
(2.33 m 2 ). The ventilation openings to the
outdoors shall be based on the total floor area
being ventilated.
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INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT
1208.2.2 Openings below grade: Openings
below grade shall be acceptable for natural
ventilation provided that the outside horizontal
clear space measured perpendicular to the opening
is 1 'A times the depth below the average adjoining
grade.
1208.3 Contaminants exhausted: Contaminants in
the breathing atmosphere shall be exhausted to the
outdoor air in accordance with the mechanical code
listed in Appendix A.
1208.4 Openings onto yards or courts: Natural
ventilation shall be provided by openings onto yards
or courts which comply with the requirements of
780 CMR 1212.0, or by other approved means.
780 CMR 1209.0 MECHANICAL
VENTILATION
1209.1 General: Should mechanical ventialtion be
chosen as the ventialtion option, mechanical
ventilation shall conform to the requirements of the
mechanical code listed in Appendix A.
780 CMR 1210.0 VENTILATION OF
SPECIAL SPACES
1210.1 Roof spaces: Enclosed attics and enclosed
rafter spaces formed where ceilings are applied
directly to the underside of roof rafters, shall have
cross ventilation for each separate space by
ventilation openings that are protected against the
entrance of rain and snow. The openings shall be
covered with corrosion-resistant mesh not less than
'A inch (6 mm) nor more than '/: inch (13 mm) in any
direction.
1210.1.1 Ventilating area: The minimum
required net free ventilating area shall be 1/150 of
the area of the space ventilated, except that the
minimum required area shall be reduced to 1/300,
provided that: a vapor retarder having a
permeance not exceeding one perm is installed on
the warm side of the ceiling; or at least 50%, and
not more than 80%, of the required ventilating
area is provided by ventilators located in the
upper portion of the space to be ventilated at least
three feet (914 mm) above eave or cornice vents,
with the balance of the required ventilation
provided by eave or cornice vents.
1210.2 Crawl spaces: Crawl space areas, other than
those used as an underfloor plenum, shall be
ventilated by an approved mechanical means or by
openings in exterior foundation walls. Openings
shall be located as close to corners as practicable and
shall provide cross ventilation on at least two
approximately opposite sides. The openings shall be
covered with corrosion-resistant mesh not less than
Vt inch (6 mm) nor more than l A inch (13 mm) in any
direction.
1210.2.1 Opening size: Openings shall have a net
area of not less than one square foot (0.093 m 2 )
for each 150 square feet (13.95 nr) of foundation
space. Where an approved vapor retarder is
installed over the ground surface, the required net
area of openings shall be reduced to 0. 1 square
foot (0.093 nr) for each 150 square feet (13.95
nr) and vents shall have manually operable
louvers.
1210.3 Alternative mechanical ventilation:
Enclosed attic, rafter and crawl spaces which are not
ventilated as herein required shall be equipped with
a mechanical ventilation system conforming to the
requirements of the mechanical code listed in
Appendix A.
780 CMR 1211.0 ACCESS TO CRAWL
SPACES AND ATTICS
1211.1 Access to crawl spaces: Access shall be
provided to crawl spaces by an opening not less than
18 inches (457 mm) by 24 inches (610 mm). Such
access, if common to conditioned space, shall be
weatherstripped and shall close tightly.
1211.2 Access to attics: An opening not less than 22
inches by 30 inches (559 mm by 762 mm) with
ready access thereto shall be provided to any attic
area having a clear height of over 30 inches (762
mm). Such access, if adjoining conditioned space,
shall be weatherstripped, and close tightly. All
such access opening framing joints shall be
caulked, gasketed, weatherstripped, foamed or
othenvise sealed to limit infiltration/exfdtration
Where doors or other openings are installed in attic
draftstopping, such doors shall be self-closing and
be of approved materials as specified in 780 CMR
1211.0, and the construction shall be tightly fitted
around all pipes, ducts or other assemblies piercing
the draftstopping.
780 CMR 1212.0 COURTS AND YARDS
1212.1 General: All courts and yards required to
serve rooms for natural light or ventilation purposes
shall comply with the requirements of 780 CMR
1212.0.
1212.2 Minimum width: Every such court or yard
shall have a minimum width of three inches (76 mm)
for each one foot (305 mm) of height or fraction
thereof, but not less than five feet (1524 mm) for
outer courts and twice these values for inner courts.
1212.2.1 Irregular court or yard width: In the
case of irregular or gore-shaped courts or yards,
the average width shall not be less than the
required width of a court in accordance with
780 CMR 1212.2, but shall not be less than five
feet (1524 mm) at any point.
2/7/97 (Effective 2/27/97)
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
1212.3 Area of court: The cross-sectional area of a
required court shall not be less than 114 times the
square of its width; nor shall the length of any court
be more than twice its width.
1212.4 Access to court: A door or other means of
access shall be provided at the bottom of every court
that is not otherwise provided with convenient
access for purposes of cleaning.
1212.5 Air intakes: Every court which serves one or
more habitable rooms and which does not open for
its full height on one or more sides to a street or
legal yard, shall be connected at or near the bottom
with a street or yard by a horizontal intake or
passage of fireresistance rated construction. Such
intake or passage shall have a cross-sectional area of
not less than 21 square feet (1.95 nr) and shall
remain fully open at both ends and unobstructed for
its full size and length, except that grilles of
noncombustible construction are permitted at the
ends of the intake.
1212.5.1 Fireresistance rating: The walls, floors
and ceilings of such intakes or passages shall have
a fireresistance rating of not less than two hours in
buildings of Type 1, 2, 3 or 4 construction and not
less than a one-hour fireresistance rating in
buildings of Type 5 construction.
1212.6 Court walls: Where, in the opinion of the
code official, windows facing on courts do not
receive adequate direct light by reason of peculiar
arrangement or orientation, the code official shall
require the walls to be constructed of light-colored
masonry, or to be painted and maintained a light
color to furnish additional reflected light, or shall
require other approved means of providing
additional light.
1212.7 Court drainage: The bottom of every court
shall be properly graded and drained to a public
sewer or other approved disposal system complying
with the plumbing code listed in Appendix A; and
shall be paved with concrete or other non-absorbent
material where required by the code official.
780 CMR 1213.0 OBSTRUCTION OF
COURTS AND YARDS
1213.1 Permissible projections: Every required
court and yard shall remain unobstructed for its
required area and full height, except for the
projections permitted in 780 CMR 1213.2 through
1213.7.
1213.2 Maximum encroachment: A part of any
building or structure shall not extend into side
courts, inner courts or yards required for light and
ventilation of habitable and occupiable rooms by the
zoning law or other statutes controlling building
construction. The encroachment shall not exceed
20% of the legal area of the yard or court which is
required for light and ventilation purposes.
1213.3 Accessories: In Use Groups R and I, clothes
poles, arbors, garden trellises and other such
accessories shall not be prohibited in the open
spaces at ground level.
1213.4 Roof eaves: Roof eaves shall not project
more than three feet (914 mm) beyond the face of
the wall.
1213.5 Steps and architectural features: Steps,
window sills, belt courses and similar architectural
features, as well as rain leaders and chimneys, shall
not project more than two feet (610 mm) beyond the
face of the wall.
1213.6 Exterior stairways and fire escapes:
Outside stairways, smokeproof tower balconies, fire
escapes or other required elements of a means of
egress shall not project more than four feet (1219
mm) beyond the face of the wall.
1213.7 Motor vehicle parking: Where approved,
required court and yard areas for automobile parking
spaces or private garages not exceeding one story in
height where accessory to and only for the occupants
of a Use Group R occupancy are permitted, provided
that required windows for light and ventilation are
not obstructed thereby.
780 CMR 1214.0 SOUND TRANSMISSION
CONTROL IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
1214.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1214.0 shall apply to all
common interior walls, partitions and floor/ceiling
assemblies between adjacent dwelling units or
between dwelling units and adjacent public areas
such as halls, corridors, stairs or service areas in all
occupancies in Use Group R.
1214.2 Air-borne noise: Walls, partitions and
floor/ceiling assemblies separating dwelling units
from each other or from public or service areas shall
have a sound transmission class (STC) of not less
than 45 for air-bome noise when tested in
accordance with ASTM E90 listed in Appendix A.
This requirement shall not apply to dwelling unit
entrance doors; however, such doors shall be tight
fitting to the frame and sill.
1214.3 Structure-borne sound: Floor/ceiling
assemblies between dwelling units or between a
dwelling unit and a public or service area within the
structure shall have an impact insulation class (IIC)
rating of not less than 45 when tested in accordance
with ASTM E492 listed in Appendix A.
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT
780 CMR 1215.0 RATPROOFING
1215.1 Ratproofing: All buildings or structures and
the walls enclosing habitable or occripiable rooms
and spaces in which persons live, sleep or work, or
in which feed, food or foodstuffs are stored,
prepared, processed, served or sold, shall be
constructed in accordance with the provisions of
780 CMR 1215.0.
1215.2 Grade protection: Buildings not provided
with a continuous foundation shall be provided with
protection against rodents at grade in accordance
with either 780 CMR 1215.2.1 or 1215.2.2.
1215.2.1 Apron: Where an apron is provided, the
apron shall not be less than eight inches (203 mm)
above, nor less than 24 inches (610 mm) below
grade. In all cases the apron shall not terminate
below the lower edge of the siding material. The
apron shall be constructed of an approved
nondecayable, water-resistant and ratproofing
material of required strength and shall be installed
around the entire perimeter of the building.
Where constructed of masonry or concrete
materials, the apron shall not be less than four
inches (102 mm) in thickness.
1215.2.2 Grade floors: Where continuous
concrete grade floor slabs are provided, open
spaces shall not be left between the slab and
walls, and all openings in the slab shall be
protected.
1215.3 Opening protection. Openings shall be
protected in accordance with 780 CMR 1215.3.1
through 1215.3.3.
1215.3.1 Wall openings: Openings in the wall or
apron required for ventilation or other purposes
shall be guarded with corrosion-resistant ratproof
shields of not less than nominal 0.034-inch
perforated steel sheets, or No. 20 B&S Gage
aluminum (0.032 inch) or nominal 0.064-inch
expanded steel or wire mesh screens, with not
more than 14-inch (13 mm) mesh openings.
1215.3.2 Slab openings: Access openings in
grade floor slabs shall be protected with concrete,
masonry, metal or other corrosion-resistant
noncombustible cover of adequate strength to
support the floor loads.
1215.3.3 Pipe and conduit openings: All openings
for pipe, conduit, cable and similar purposes at or
near grade shall have snugly fitted collars to
eliminate all open spaces.
2/7/97 (Effective 2/27/97)
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
207
730 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
NON-TEXT PAGE
208 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
CHAPTER 13
ENERGY CONSERVATION
(This Chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
USER NOTES:
Note 1 : The Energy Conservation Requirements for New Construction, Low Rise Residential Buildings
(all residential uses up to three stories in height) have been voted "changed" largely to reflect the
requirements of the CABO Model Energy Code, 1995 Edition (MEC95) Such changes will become
effective on March 1, 1998. and until such date, the applicable Energy Conservation Requirements of the
Fifth Edition of the Massachusetts State Building Code are brought forward into the Sixth Edition- The
reader should review the Massachusetts Register during the time frame of August. 1997 through March.
1 998 for further information.
The requirements driving NFRC listing/labeling are ties to the BBRS adoption of the Council of American
Building Officials 1995 Model Energy Code (CABO MEC 95) and the NFRC listing/labeling requirements
set forth in CABO 95 as found in MEC 95, Chapter 1, Section 102.3 and within Tables 102.3a and 103.3b -
such explicit requirements will apply in Massachusetts as of January 1. 1999.
Note 2: Certain Energy Conservation requirements affecting existing building "Replacement Window"
requirements for existing low-rise residential buildings have been voted "changed" Such changes include:
1 . Such "replacement windows" to be NFRC Certified (becomes effective on January 1 , 1 999).
2. Such NFRC Certified "Replacement Windows" have a maximum allowed
U-value of 0.44 (Becomes effective January 1. 1999)
h - ft z -°F
Also refer to "Notices of Public Interest" that may be published from time to time in the Massachusetts
Register during the months of August, 1997 through January 1999.
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
NON-TEXT PAGE
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
CHAPTER 13
ENERGY CONSERVATION
(This Chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)
780 CMR 1300.0 GENERAL
1300.1 Scope: 780 CMR 13 sets forth requirements
for the effective use of energy in structures.
780 OVER 1301.0 ADMINISTRATIVE
1301.1 Compliance: Buildings shall be deemed to
be in compliance with 780 CMR 13 when built to
the provisions of the following:
1 component design (780 CMR 1308.0 through
1314.0); or
2. building design by systems analysis (780 CMR
1315.0); or
3. buildings utilizing nondepletable energy
sources (780 CMR 1316.0).
1301.1.1 Heating, Pumping, Process Piping
and Refrigeration Systems: Heating, pumping,
process piping and refrigeration systems shall be
installed by contractors and personnel
appropriately licensed in the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts (Installing Contractor) Engineered
designs and specifications prepared by Registered
Professional Engineers shall identify systems
requiring compliance with appropriate sections of
M.G.L. c. 146 and 528 CMR. Shop drawings and
design layout prepared by licensed installing
contractors shall note the name(s), license
number(s) and license expiration date(s) of the
contractor(s) installing the heating, pumping,
process piping and refrigeration systems. (See
Installing Contractor Definition 780 CMR 202.0).
1301.2 Other regulations: 780 CMR 13 is not
intended to abridge any safety or health provisions
required under any other applicable codes or or-
dinances.
1301.3 Existing buildings: Nothing in 780 CMR 13
shall require the removal, alteration, or
abandonment, or prevent the continuance of the use
and occupancy of, a lawfully existing building,
unless provided otherwise specifically by 780 CMR
13.
1301.4 Exempt buildings: The following buildings
are exempt from the provisions of 780 CMR 13,
with the exception of 780 CMR 1313.0 dealing with
lighting requirements:
' 1. Buildings and structures or portions thereof
whose peak design rate of energy usage is less
than one watt per square foot or three and four
tenths (3.4) Btu/h per square foot of floor area for
all purposes;
2. Buildings which are neither heated nor cooled;
3. Greenhouses that are free-standing, or attached
to a building and separated by a wall having the
same thermal value as an exterior wall, and
provided with a separate temperature control
system;
4. Buildings with less than 100 square feet of
gross floor area.
780 CMR 1302.0 EXISTING BUILDINGS
1302.1 Additions to existing buildings: Additions
to existing buildings or structures shall be made
without making the entire building or structure
comply. The new construction shall conform to the
provisions of 780 CMR 13 as they relate to the
addition only.
1302.2 Alterations to existing buildings: See
780 CMR 34.
780 CMR 1303.0 PLANS AND
SPECIFICATIONS
1303.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1303.0 applies to all
buildings
1303.2 General: Plans, specifications and necessary
computations shall be submitted to indicate
conformance with 780 CMR 1303.0 and other
applicable sections of 780 CMR.
1303.3 Details: The data submitted shall show all
pertinent information and features to be incorporated
into the building, including but not limited to: the
exterior envelope component materials; the R values
of the respective elements; the U values of the
overall assembly; calculations of overall Uo of the
walls, roof/ceiling, and floors; the size and type of
apparatus and equipment: controls: lighting
requirements; and other pertinent data to indicate
conformance to 780 CMR 13 Where required by the
Board of Building Regulations and Standards or the
local enforcement official, such data shall be
submitted on forms specified.
1303.4 Calculation procedures. Calculation
procedures shall be in accordance with data in the
ASHRAE Handbook, 1993 Fundamentals Volume
or as otherwise specified in 780 CMR 13.
780 CMR 1304.0 MATERIALS AND
EQUIPMENT
1304.1 Identification: Where practicable, all
materials and equipment referenced in 780 CMR
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
209
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
1303.0 shall be marked in order to show compliance
with 780 CMR 13
1304.2 Maintenance information: Service systems
which require preventive maintenance to maintain
efficient operation shall be furnished with complete
necessary maintenance information. Required
routine maintenance actions, as specified by the
manufacturer, shall be stated clearly and
incorporated on a readily accessible label on the
equipment. Such label may be limited to identifying,
by title or publication number, the operation and
maintenance manual for that particular model and
type of product.
780 CMR 1305.0 DESIGN CONDITIONS
1305.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1305.0 applies to all
buildings
1305.2 General: The criteria of 780 CMR 1305.0
establishes the minimum requirements for the
thermal design of the exterior envelope of buildings
and for HVAC systems and equipment.
1305.3 Thermal performance A building that is
designed to be both heated and cooled shall meet the
more stringent of the heating or cooling
requirements as provided in 780 CMR 13 when
requirements differ
1305.4 Design parameters: The design parameters
listed in Tables 1305. 1 and 1305.2 shall be used for
calculations required under 780 CMR 13
1305.4.1 Indoor design temperature Indoor
design temperature shall be 72°F for heating and
78 °F for cooling.
1305.4.2 Design humidity: Indoor design relative
humidity for heating shall not exceed 30% For
cooling, the actual design relative humidity within
the comfort envelope as defined in ASHRAE
Standard 55-92 listed in Appendix A shall be
selected for minimum total HVAC system energy
use in accordance with accepted practice.
1305.5 Ventilation: Ventilation air shall conform to
the requirements specified in the mechanical code
listed in Appendix A.
Table 1305.1
DESIGN TEMPERATURES
HEATING DEGREE DAYS BASE 65
HDD 65
Outside Ambient
Heating
Cooling
Cooling
Heating
Degrees
Degrees
Degrees
Deeree
Location
(°F)
Drv Bulb
Wet Bulb
Days
Winter
Summer
Summer
Base 65
Boston
9
88
74
5634
Clinton
2
87
73
6517
Fall River
9
84
73
5774
Fraimngham
6
86
73
6144
Gloucester
5
86
74
Greenfield
-2
85
73
Lawrence
87
74
6195
Lowell
1
88
74
6056
New Bedford
9
82
73
5395
Pittsfield
-3
84
72
7578
Springfield
87
73
5844
Taunton
9
86
74
6184
Worcester
4
84
72
6989
Table 1305.2 1
HEATING DEGREE DAYS BASE 50
HDD™
Location
Heating Degree Days
Base 50
Amherst
3171
Birch Hill Dam
3733
Blue Hill
2926
Boston
2383
Chatham
2377
Chestnut Hill
2658
Clinton
3107
East Wareham
2780
Edgartown
2499
Fitchburg
3156
Fraimngham
2855
Haverhill
2734
Hyannis
2478
Knightville Dam
3693
Lawrence
2867
Middleton
2676
Nantucket
2347
New Bedford
2107
Plymouth
2619
Rochester
2807
Rockport
2726
Springfield
2706
Stockbndge
3551
Taunton
2800
Tulley Lake
3786
Worcester
3364
I . This Table is only utilized to support the ACP Tables.
Tables 1314.4.1, 1314.4.2 and 1314.4.3
210
780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
ENERGY CONSERVATION
780 CMR 1306.0 BUILDING INSULATION
SPECIFICATIONS
1306.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1306.0 applies to all
buildings.
1306.2 General: Insulating materials must conform
to the Federal Specifications (F.S.), the American
Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Test
Standards, or the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
as listed in Table 1306.
Table 1306
INSULA TTON MATERIALS STANDARDS
Material
Standard
Mineral Fiber
blanket/batt
ASTMC665-91
loose-fill
ASTM C-764-94
Mineral Cellular
perlite
ASTM C549-81/R 1986
vermiculite
ASTM C516-8G7R 1990
perlite board
ASTMC728-91
cellular glass block
ASTMC552-91
Organic Fiber
cellulose fiber board
ASTM C208-94
cellulose loose fill
16 CFR Pan 1209
Organic Cellular
polvstyrene board
ASTM C578-92
urethane board
ASTMC591-85
flexible unicellular
ASTM C534-94
polvurethane or polyiso-
cvanurate with foil face
F.S.HH-1-1972-1
polvurethane or polyiso-
cvanurate with felt face
FS.HH-1-1 972-2
1306.3 Moisture control: The design of buildings
for energy conservation shall not create conditions
of accelerated deterioration from moisture
condensation (additionally, see 780 CMR 12 for
attic and under-floor space ventilation).
1306.4 Installation:
1306.4.1 Recessed light fixtures: Only IC labeled
recessed lights allowing direct contact with
insulating materials shall be used in areas
separating conditioned and unconditioned spaces.
1306.4.2 High heat sources: A clearance of three
inches from any high heat source, including but
not limited to chimneys, flues and vents, shall be
maintained for combustible insulating materials.
1306.4.3 Urea formaldehyde foams: Urea
formaldehyde foams shall not be used in any
building.
1306.4.4 Walls: Batt/blanket insulation with a
vapor barrier attached shall be stapled to the
winter warm sides or faces of wall studs at
intervals of eight inches on center vertically.
Where batt/blanket insulation is of a "friction fit"
design and a poly vapor barrier is employed, the
vapor barrier shall be affixed to the interior face
of the wall studs in accordance with the insulation
manufacturer's recommendations.
1306.4.5 Cavities: All cavities between rough
framing and door and window heads, jambs, and
sills shall be filled with insulation and covered
with a vapor barrier meeting the criteria of
780 CMR 1307.
1306.4.6:
1306.4.6.1 Low rise residential buildings/
perimeter insulation: Perimeter insulation for
slab on grade construction in buildings of Use
Group R of three stories or less shall be in-
stalled so that the concrete to concrete contact
between the foundation wall and the floor slab
is broken and the insulation extends downward
the thickness of the slab and then extends four
feet vertically down from, or four feet
horizontally beneath, the floor slab. Perimeter
insulation may be installed in alternative
locations if installed in a manner to thermally
isolate the floor from the exterior.
1306.4.6.2 Commercial and high rise
residential buildings/perimeter insulation:
Perimeter Insulation for slab on grade con-
struction in buildings of Use Group R of more
than three stories or in buildings of other Use
Groups shall be installed in a manner
consistent with that specified in 780 CMR
1306.4.6.1, except that alternate locations and
dimensions may be permitted by the provisions
of 780 CMR 1314.
1306.4.7 Foundation wall insulation:
1 . For interior foundation wall insulation, the
entire gross wall area extending from the top of
the band joist to the floor shall be insulated in
accordance with Table 1309.1.
2. For exterior foundation wall insulation, the
insulation shall extend from the top of the
foundation to a minimum of eight feet below
grade or to foundation footing, whichever is
less. All exterior basement and foundation wall
insulation shall be suitably protected so as to
prevent deterioration caused by ultra-violet
light or insect damage in accordance with
manufacturer's instructions.
1306.5 Fire safety relating to insulation: See
780 CMR 722 and 2603.
1306.6: Labeling
1306.6.1 Batt and blanket and rigid board:
Insulation of this type shall be labeled according
to type, manufacturer or distributor, R value of the
insulation at the labeled thickness, and material
specification as listed in Table 1306.
1306.6.2 Blown, poured, or sprayed on types
Insulation of these types shall be labeled
according to type, manufacturer, recommended
insulation density, thickness and R value, fire
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
safety requirements and material specifications as
listed in Table 1306.
780 CMR 1307.0 AIR INFILTRATION
AND MOISTURE CONTROL
1307.1: 780 CMR 1307.0 applies to all buildings.
1307.2 Vapor barriers: A vapor barrier of one point
zero (1.0) perm or less shall be installed on the
winter warm side of walls, ceilings and floors
enclosing a conditioned space.
Exception: Vapor barriers may be eliminated
with adequate ventilation as defined in 780 CMR
12 (See 780 CMR 1210).
1307.3 Taping: All tears in the vapor barrier shall
be taped or sealed.
3107.4 Air leakage for all buildings:
1. The requirements of this section shall apply
to those locations separating outdoor ambient
conditions from interior spaces that are heated or
mechanically cooled and are not applicable to the
separation of interior conditioned spaces from
each other.
2. The following openings in the exterior
building envelope shall be caulked, gasketed,
weatherstripped, foamed or otherwise sealed to
limit infiltration:
a. Around window and door frames, between
the unit and the rough framing;
b. Between all exterior wall soleplates and the
structural floor, using two rows of caulking or
alternate approved procedure;
c. Over all framing joints where floors over
conditioned spaces intersect exterior walls,
using a water vapor permeable infiltration
barrier or alternate approved technique;
d. Around openings for plumbing, electricity,
telephone and gas lines in walls, ceilings and
floors;
e. At openings in the ceiling, such as where
the ceiling panels meet interior and exterior
walls, at exposed beam and masonry fireplaces;
f. At the mudsill, in addition to normal sill
sealer in conditioned basements and
conditioned crawlspaces; and,
g. At all other openings in the exterior
building envelope.
h. See additional requirements for attic and
crawl space access, 780 CMR 1211.
3. Electrical outlet plate gaskets shall be
installed on all receptacle, switch, or other
electrical boxes in walls separating conditioned
from unconditioned space.
4. Heating ducts shall be sealed at all joints and
corners as specified in 1310.9.
5. Interior openings between conditioned and
non-conditioned space shall be sealed using
sealant, closed-cell gasket material, permanent
tape, or another method that limits infiltration.
1307.5 Air leakage requirements for fenestration
and doors:
1307.5.1 Windows shall have an air leakage rate
of 0.34 cfm per foot of operable sash crack in
accordance with the following standards as
applicable:
ANSI/AANA 101-88, Aluminum Prime
Windows,
ASTM D 4099-89, Specifications for
Polyvinylchloride (PCV) Prime Windows,
ANSI/NWWDA I.S. 2-87, Wood Window
Units (Improved PerformanceRating Only).
AAMA 101V-1986, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Prime Windows and Sliding Glass Doors,
AAMA 1701.2-1985 Prime Windows and
Sliding Glass Doors/Manufactured Housing
1307.5.2 Sliding Doors shall meet one of the
following standards for air leakage:
ANSI/AANA 101-88, Aluminum Sliding Glass
Doors, or
ANSI/NWWDA I.S. 3-88, Wood Sliding
Patio Doors.
AAMA 101V-1986, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Prime Windows and Sliding Glass Doors,
AAMA 1701.2-1985, Prime Windows and
Sliding Glass Doors/Manufactured Housing
1307.5.3 Commercial entrance swinging or
revolving doors shall limit air leakage to a rate not
to exceed 1.2 cfm per square foot of door area, at
standard test conditions.
1307.5.4 Residential swinging doors shall limit
air leakage to a rate not to exceed 0.5 cfm per
square foot of door area, at standard test
conditions.
1307.5.5 Spaces that have regular high volume
traffic through the building envelopes such as
retail store entrances and loading bays, shall be
designed accounting for the steady state air
transfer between conditioned and unconditioned
or exterior space.
780 CMR 1308.0 COMPONENT DESIGN
1308.1 Scope: All low rise residential buildings that
are heated or mechanically cooled shall be
constructed so as to provide the required thermal
performance of the various components listed in
780 CMR 1308.0 through 13 12.0, and to provide the
lighting switching requirements of 780 CMR
1313.2.2.1.
All commercial and high rise residential buildings
that are mechanically heated and cooled shall be
constructed so as to provide the required thermal and
lighting system performance of the various
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS .AND STANDARDS
ENERGY CONSERVATION
components listed in 780 CMR 1308.0, and 1310.0
through 1314.0.
1308.2 Thermal Performance: Information on
thermal properties, performance of building
envelope sections and components, and heat transfer
shall be obtained from laboratory or field test
measurements, or when information is not available
from these sources, then such information may be
obtained from the ASHRAE Handbook, 1993
Fundamentals.
When laboratory or field test measurements are
used, they shall be conducted in accordance with
ASTM standards:
1. C-177-85/R1993, Standard Test Method for
Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by
Means of the Guarded Hot Plate,
2. C-5 1 8-9 1 , Steady-State Thermal Transmission
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter,
3. C-236-89/R1993, Standard Test Method for
Steady-State Thermal Performance of Building
Assemblies by Means of a Guarded Hot Box, or
4. C-976-90, Thermal Performance of Building
Assemblies by Means of a Calibrated Hot Box.
To determine thermal conductance through window
assemblies the following ASTM or American
Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA)
standards shall be used.
1 . AAMA 1503.1-1988, Test Method of Thermal
Transmittance of Windows, Doors and Glazed
Wall Sections,
2. ASTM C-236-89/R1993, Standard Test
Method for Steady-State Thermal Performance of
Building Assemblies by Means of Guarded Hot
Box, or
3. ASTM C-976-90, Thermal Performance of
Building Assemblies by .Means of a Calibrated
Hot Box.
When using any of the three test procedures above,
a 15 mile per hour wind shall be applied
perpendicular to the glazing.
1308.3 Gross wall area: For the purposes of
780 CMR 13, the gross area of exterior walls
consists of all opaque wall areas, including
foundation walls, areas between floor spandrels,
peripheral edges of floors, window areas including
sash, and door areas, where such surfaces enclose a
heated or mechanically cooled space including
interstitial areas between two such spaces, but
excluding vents, grills and pipes
1308.4 Roof assembly: For the purpose of
780 CMR 13, a roof assembly shall be considered as
all components of the roof/ceiling envelope through
which heat flows, thereby creating a building
transmission heat loss or gain, where such assembly
encloses a heated or mechanically cooled space.
1308.4.1 Gross roof area: The gross area of a
roof assembly consists of the total interior surface
of such assembly, including skylights, exposed to
the heated or mechanically cooled space.
1308.4.2 Ceiling plenums: Where air ceiling
plenums are employed, the roof/ceiling assembly
shall:
1. for thermal transmittance purposes not
include the ceiling proper nor the plenum space
as part of the assembly; and
2. for gross area purposes be based upon the
interior face of the upper plenum surface.
1308.5 Swimming pools All pool enclosures shall
be designed in accordance with the 1993 edition of
the ASHRAE Applications Handbook.
Such pool enclosures shall have a maximum
overall (roof/gables/sidewalls) U value of 0.25.
780 CMR 1309.0 EXTERIOR ENVELOPE
REQUIREMENTS FOR LOW RISE
RESDDENTIAL BUILDINGS
1309.1 Criteria for low rise residential buildings:
The following requirements shall apply to all
buildings and structures or portions thereof in use
groups R-l, R-2, R-3, and R-4 (hotels, multi-family,
and one- and two-family) that are heated or
mechanically cooled and not more than three stories
high.
1. All buildings in these use groups shall
conform to the thermal transmittance values in
Table 1309.1 or shall be designed to satisfy the
requirements of 780 CMR 1309.3 or shall be
designed to satisfy the requirements of 780 CMR
1315.
2. An overall Uo value of 0.167 for structures
heated by oil, gas or heat pumps, or an overall Uo
of 0.105 for structures heated by electric
resistance may be used for the combination of
walls, doors and windows containing heated space
in lieu of the separate U values listed for walls,
doors and windows. The overall Uo of 0.167 or
0.105 shall be used when the windows exceed
15% of the gross exterior wall area.
3. For purposes of 780 CMR 1309.0 only,
framing members shall not be included in the
calculations of R and U values.
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Table 1309.1
MAXIMUM U VALUES AND MINIMUM
R VALUES OF WALLS, ROOF/CEDLING,
AND FLOORS FOR RES'DENTIAL
BUILDINGS OF 780 CMR 1309.1
Element
Description
U
Value
Total
R Value
Notes
Walls
All wall construction
containing heated or
mechanically cooled
space
0.08
12.5
1
Electric resistance
heatine
0.05
20.0
1
Foundation
Walls
Including
Band Joist
Containing heated or
mechanically cooled
space
0.08
12.5
Containing unhealed
space
0.08
12.5
4
Roof/Ceiling
Assembly
All roof construction
containing heated or
mechanically cooled
space
0.033
30.0
Windows
All construction
enclosing heated or
mechanically cooled
space
0.65
1.54
2
Electric resistance
heating
0.40
2.50
6,7
Doors
All construction
enclosing heated or
mechanically cooled
space
0.40
2.50
Floors
Floor sections over
areas exposed to
outside air or
unheated space
0.05
20.0
3
Slab on grade
beneath conditioned
space
10.0
5
Note 1 : These values may be used when the doors and
windows do not exceed 15% of the gross exterior wall
area. When doors and windows exceed 15% of the gross
wall area, see 780 CMR 1309.1, item 2.
Note 2: Double glazed primary windows or single
glaze primary windows with storm windows will satisfy
the required U value of 0.65.
Note 3: Insulation may be omitted from floors over
unheated areas when foundation walls are provided with
a U value of 0.08.
Note 4: The U value requirement of 0.08 for
foundation walls may be omitted when floors over
unheated spaces are provided with a U value of 0.05.
Note 5: R value for perimeter insulation (see
780 CMR 1306.4.6).
Note 6: When doors and windows do not exceed 15%
of the gross exterior wall area, this value may be used.
When doors and windows do not exceed 10% of the gross
exterior wall area, windows having a U value of 0.65 (R
value of 1.54) may be used. When windows and doors
exceed 15% of the gross exterior wall area, see 780 CMR
1309.1, item 2.
Note 7: Double glazed primary windows with storm
windows or most triple glazed primary windows or
double glazed low emissivity primary windows will
satisfy the required U value of 0.40.
1309.2 Calculation of Uo: Separate overall thermal
transmittance values shall be calculated for wall
assemblies, roof/ceiling assemblies, and floors.
Equation 1 is provided as an example of the Uo
calculation for walls.
Equation 1:
Overall wall Uo
Uw Aw + UgAg = Ud Ad
Where:
Uo = average or combined transmittance of the
gross exterior wall; (Btu/hr-ft"-°F).
Aw = gross exterior wall area, (ft ).
Uw = thermal transmittance of the components of
the opaque wall; (Btu/hr-ft"-°F).
Aw = opaque wall area; (ft ).
Ug = thermal transmittance of the windows;
(Btu/hr-ft 2 -°F).
Ag = window area; (ft ).
Ud = thermal transmittance of the door or similar
opening; (Btu/hr-ft 2 -°F).
Ad = door area; (ft 2 ).
NOTE: Where Ug is determined by test, it shall be
calculated using the procedure contained in
780 CMR 1314.3.2.2 including calculation for
framing, sash, edge effects, and all other factors
pertinent to the complete window assembly.
1309.3 Alternates: The stated Uo (or U) value of
any one assembly, such as roof/ceiling, wall, or
floor, may be increased and the Uo (or U) value for
other components decreased provided that the
overall heat gain or loss for the entire building
envelope does not exceed the total resulting from
conformance to the stated Uo (or U) values.
780 CMR 1310.0 HEATING, VENTILATING
AND AIR CONDITIONING
(HVAQ SYSTEMS
1310.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1310.0 covers the
determination of heating and cooling loads, systems
performance, and control requirements for all build-
ings. Criteria are established for insulating HVAC
systems and for duct construction.
Exception: Special applications, including but not
limited to hospitals, museums, laboratories, rooms
containing thermally sensitive equipment such as
computers, open refrigerated display cases, may
be exempted from the requirements of 780 CMR
1310.0, when calculations and requirements are
submitted establishing the unique environmental
criteria that exist.
1310.2 Calculation of heating and cooling loads:
1310.2.1 Calculation procedures: For the
purpose of sizing HVAC systems, heating and
cooling design loads shall be determined in
accordance with techniques recommended in the
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ENERGY CONSERVATION
1993 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals or the
Air Conditioning Contractors Association's
Manual "J" The design parameters specified in
780 CMR 1305.0 shall apply for all computations
1310.3:
1310.3.1 System heating/cooling capacity: The
rated output capacity of the heating/cooling
system at design conditions shall not be greater
than 125% of the design load calculated in
accordance with 780 CMR 13. Equipment
designed for standby purposes is not included in
the capacity limitation requirement. For a single
piece of equipment which has both heating and
cooling capability, only one function, either the
heating or the cooling, need meet the
requirements of 780 CMR 1310.0. Capacity for
the other function shall be. within available
equipment options, the smallest size necessary to
meet the load.
Exception: Where the HVAC system for the
building uses interconnected equipment
designed to sequence with the load and it can
be shown that such design will use less energy
on an annual basis than one large unit.
1310.3.2 Heat pump supplementary heating
capacity: The rated output capacity of a heat
pump supplementary heating source shall not be
greater than 125% of the design load as calculated
in accordance with 780 CMR 13.
1310.4 Simultaneous heating and cooling:
Simultaneous heating and cooling by reheating or
recooling supply air or by concurrent operation of
independent heating and cooling systems serving a
common zone shall be restricted as delineated in
780 CMR 1310.4.1 through 3 10.4.3:
1310.4.1 Recovered energy: Recovered energy,
provided the new energy expended in the
recovery process is less than the amount
recovered, may be used for control of temperature
and humidity. (New energy is defined as energy,
other than recovered, utilized for the purpose of
heating or cooling).
1310.4.2 New energy for humidity control. New
energy may be used, when necessary, to prevent
relative humidity from rising above 53% for
comfort control or to prevent condensation on
terminal units or outlets.
1310.4.3 New energy for temperature control:
New energy may be used for control of
temperature if minimized as delineated in
780 CMR 1310.4.3 items 1 through 5:
1. Reheat systems: Systems employing
reheat and serving more than one zone, other
than those employing variable air volume for
temperature control, shall be provided with
controls that will automatically reset the cold
air supply. The temperature shall be controlled
to sequence reheat and cooling.
2. Dual duct and multi zone systems: These
systems shall be provided with controls that
will automatically reset the cold deck air
supply to the highest temperature that will
satisfy the zone requiring the coolest air, and
the hot deck air supply to the lowest
temperature that will satisfy the zone requiring
the warmest air.
3. Recooling systems: Systems in which
heated air is recooled, directly or indirectly, to
maintain space temperature shall be provided
with controls that will automatically reset the
temperature to which the supply air is heated.
The temperature shall be the lowest level that
will satisfy the zone requiring the warmest air.
4. Multiple zones: For systems with multiple
zones, one or more zones may be chosen to
represent a number of zones with similar
heating/cooling characteristics. A multiple
zone HVAC system that employs reheating or
recooling for control of not more than 5,000
cubic feet per minute (cfin) or 20% of the total
supply air of the system, whichever is less,
shall be exempt from the supply air
temperature reset requirement of 780 CMR
1310.4.3 I through 3.
5. Concurrent operation: Concurrent
operation of independent heating and cooling
systems serving common spaces and requiring
the use of new energy for heating or cooling
shall be minimized by one or both of the
following:
a. by providing sequential temperature
control of both heating and cooling
capacity in each zone; and/or
b. by limiting the heating energy input
through automatic reset control of the
temperature of the heating medium to only
that necessary to offset heat loss due to
transmission and infiltration and, where
applicable, to heat the ventilation air
supply to the space.
1310.5 Mechanical ventilation: Each mechanical
ventilation system (supply and/or exhaust) shall be
equipped with motorized or other means of
automatic volume shutoff or reduction during
periods of non-use or alternate use of the spaces
served by the system.
Exceptions:
1. For one- and two-family structures gravity
dampers shall be allowed for bath and kitchen
exhaust systems.
2. Systems serving areas expected to operate
continuously
3 For Systems which have a design air flow of
300 cfrn or less, gravity dampers shall be allowed.
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
4. Gravity and other non-electrical ventilation
systems may be controlled by readily accessible
manual damper controls.
5. Where restricted by code, such as combustion
air intakes.
1310.6 Fan system design criteria:
1310.6.1 General: The following design criteria
apply to all HVAC fan systems used for comfort
heating, ventilating, and/or air conditioning. For
the purposes of 780 CMR 1310.0, the energy
demand of a fan system is the sum of the demand
of all fans which are required to operate at design
conditions to supply air from the heating and/or
cooling source to the conditioned space(s) and
return it back to the source or exhaust it to the
outdoors while bringing in outside air for
ventilation.
Exceptions:
1. Systems with total fan system motor
horsepower of 10 HP or less.
2. Unitary equipment for which fan energy is
included in 780 CMR 1311 efficiency ratings.
1310.6.2 Constant volume fan systems: For fan
systems which provide a constant air volume
whenever the fans are operating, the power required
by the motors for the combined fan system at design
conditions shall not exceed 0.8 W/cfrn.
1310.6.3 Variable air volume (VAV) fan systems:
1310.6.3.1For fan systems which are able to vary
system air volume automatically as a function of
load, the power required by the motors for the
combined fan system at design conditions shall
not exceed 1.25 W/cfm.
1310.6.3.2 Individual VAV fans with motors 75
HP and larger shall include controls and devices
necessary for the fan motor to demand no more
than 50% of design wattage at 50% of design air
volume, based on manufacturer's test data.
1310.7 Controls:
1310.7.1 Temperature control: Each HVAC
system shall be provided with at least one
thermostat for the regulation of temperature.
Each thermostat shall be capable of being set as
follows:
1. when used to control heating only, 55 -
75°F;
2. when used to control cooling only, 70 -
85°F;and
3. when used to control both heating and
cooling it shall be capable of being set from
55 - 85 °F, and shall be capable of operating the
system heating and cooling in sequence. It
shall be adjustable to provide a temperature
range of up to 10°F between full heating and
full cooling, except as allowed in 780 CMR
1310.4.3, item 5.
1310.7.2 Humidity control: If an HVAC system
is equipped with a means for adding moisture to
maintain specific selected relative humidities in
spaces or zones, a humidistat shall be provided.
This device shall be capable of being set to
prevent new energy from being used to produce
space relative humidity above 30% relative
humidity. When a humidistat is used in an HVAC
system for controlling moisture removal to
maintain specific selected relative humidities in
spaces or zones, it shall be capable of being set to
prevent new energy from being used to produce a
space relative humidity less than 53%.
1310.7.3 Zoning for temperature control:
1. One- and two-family dwellings: At least
one thermostat for regulation of space
temperature shall be provided for each separate
HVAC system. As a minimum, each floor
containing conditioned space in a one- and two
family home, shall be considered as a separate
zone and a thermostat shall shall be provided
for each zone.
2. Multi-family dwellings: For multi-family
dwellings, each individual dwelling unit shall
be considered separately and shall meet the
above requirements. Spaces other than living
units shall meet the requirements of 780 CMR
1310.7.3 item 3.
3. In all other types of buildings or
occupancies, at least one thermostat for
regulation of space temperature shall be
provided for:
a. each separate HVAC system; and
b. as a minimum, each floor containing
conditioned space in a building shall be
considered as a separate zone. In a multi-
story building in which the perimeter
system offsets only the transmission losses
of the exterior wall, an entire side of
uniform exposure may be zoned separately.
A readily accessible manual or automatic
means shall be provided to partially restrict
or shut off the heating and/or cooling input
(for the exposure) to each floor.
1310.7.4 Control setback and shut-off: Lowering
thermostat set points to reduce energy consumption
of heating systems shall not cause energy to be ex-
pended to reach the reduced setting.
1310.7.4.1 Residential occupancy (use groups
R-2, R-3, and R-4): The thermostat required in
780 CMR 13 10.7.3 items 1 and 2, or an alternate
means such as a switch or a clock, shall provide a
readily accessible, manual or automatic means for
reducing the energy required for heating and
cooling during periods of nonuse or reduced need,
such as, but not limited to, unoccupied periods
and sleeping hours.
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ENERGY CONSERVATION
1310.7.4.2 Other buildings and occupancies:
Each HVAC system shall be equipped with a
readily accessible means of shutting off or
reducing the energy used for HVAC during
periods of nonuse or alternate uses of the building
spaces or zones served by the system.
1310.7.4.3 Swimming pools:
1. Heated swimming pools shall be equipped
with controls to limit heating water
temperatures to not more than 80 C F.
Exceptions:
1. Pools used for therapeutic purposes are
exempt from 780 CMR 1310.7.4.3 when
approved by the building official.
2. Uncovered (unenclosed) heated pools
shall be controlled so that the electric or
fossil fuel pool water heating systems are
inoperative whenever the outdoor air
temperature is below 60°F.
1310.8 Duct construction: All air handling
ductwork and plenums shall be constructed and
erected in accordance with the applicable Sheet
Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National
Association (SMACNA) Standards.
1310.8.1 Ductwork which is intended to operate
at static pressures in excess of three inches W.C.
shall be leak tested and be in conformance with
the following sections of the SMACNA Duct
Leakage Test Manual, 1985: Test procedures shall
be in accordance with those outlined in Section 5,
or equivalent; test reports shall be provided in
accordance with Section 6, or equivalent; the
tested duct leakage class at a test pressure equal to
the design duct pressure class rating shall be equal
to or less than leakage class 6 as defined in
Section 4.1. Leakage testing may be limited to
representative sections of the duct system but in
no case shall such tested sections include less than
25% of the total installed duct area for the
designated pressure class.
1310.8.2 Where supply ductwork and plenums
which are intended to operate at static pressures
from V* inch to three inches W.C. inclusive, are
located outside of the conditioned space or in
return plenums, joints shall be sealed in
accordance with Seal Class C, as defined in the
SMACNA manual referenced above. Pressure
sensitive tape shall not be used as the primary
sealant for such ducts which are intended to
operate at static pressures of one inch W.C. or
greater.
1310.8.3 Dampers: Automatic or manual
dampers installed for the purpose of shutting off
outside air intakes for ventilation air shall be
designed with light tight shut-off characteristics to
minimize air leakage.
1310.9 Air handling duct system insulation: All
ducts, plenums and enclosures installed in or on
buildings shall be thermally insulated as follows:
1. Air Handling System Insulation: All air
handling ducts and plenums installed as part of an
HVAC air distribution system shall be thermally
insulated in accordance with Table 13 10.9.
Exception: Duct insulation is not required in
any of the following cases:
a. Ducts located within the conditioned
space they serve.
b. Supply or return air ducts installed in
unventilated crawl spaces with insulated
walls, and basements or cellars with
insulated walls in one- and two-family-
dwellings;
c. When the heat gain or loss of the ducts,
without insulation, will not increase the
energy requirements of the building;
d. Within HVAC equipment;
e. Exhaust air ducts.
Table 1310.9 1
MINIMUM DUCT INSULATION
Duct Location
2
Cooling "
Insulation
R-Value
•>
Heating "
Insulation
R-Value
Outside of building envelope or
in spaces vented to the outside
5.0
6.5
Inside of building envelope:
TD~<=15
None
Required
None
Required
Inside of building envelope:
15<TD 3 <=30
3.3
3.3
Inside of building envelope:
TD >30
5.0
5.0
Notes to Table 1310.9:
1. Insulation R- values shown are for the insulation only
and do not include film resistance. The required
minimum thicknesses do not consider condensation. For
ducts which are designed to convey both heated and
cooled air, duct insulation shall be as required by the
most restrictive condition. Where exterior walls are used
as plenum walls, wall insulation shall be as required by
the most restrictive condition of 780 CMR 1310 or
780 CMR 1309 (low rise residential) or 780 CMR 1314
(high rise residential and commercial).
2. Includes system return ducts.
3. TD is defined as the temperature difference at design
conditions (see 780 CMR 1305) between the space within
which the duct is located and the design air temperature
in the duct.
2. Vapor barriers shall be provided, where
required, to prevent condensation.
1310.10 Cooling with outdoor air (economizer
cycle): Each fan system shall be designed to use up
to and including 100% of the fan system capacity for
cooling with outdoor air automatically whenever its
use will result in lower usage of new energy.
Activation of economizer cycle shall be controlled
by sensing outdoor air enthalpy and dry bulb
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR -Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
temperature jointly or outdoor air dry bulb
temperature alone to accomplish the above.
Exceptions: Cooling with outdoor air is not
required under any one or more of the following
conditions:
1 . Fan system capacity less than 5,000 cubic
feet per minute (cfm) or 134,000 Btu/h of total
cooling capacity;
2. The quality of the outdoor air is so poor as
to require extensive treatment of the air;
3. The need for humidification or
dehumidification requires the use of more
energy than is conserved by the outdoor air
cooling;
4. The use of outdoor air cooling may affect
the operation of other systems so as to increase
the overall energy consumption of the building;
5. Internal/external zone heat recovery or
other energy recovery is used;
6. When all space cooling is accomplished by
a circulating liquid which transfers space heat
directly or indirectly to a heat rejection device
such as a cooling tower without the use of a
refrigeration system.
1310.11 Balancing: The HVAC system design shall
provide means for balancing the air and water
systems such as but not limited to dampers,
temperature and pressure test connections, flow
measuring stations or meters, and balancing valves.
The HVAC systems shall be field balanced to
achieve conditions stated in the plans and
specifications and in accordance with the applicable
reference standards.
1310.12 Piping insulation: All piping installed to
serve buildings and within buildings shall be
thermally insulated in accordance with Table
1310.12.
Exceptions: Piping insulation is not required in
any of the following cases:
1 . Piping installed within HVAC equipment;
2. Piping for fluids at temperatures between
55°Fand 105°F;
3. When the heat loss and/or heat gain of the
piping, without insulation, does not increase
the heating and/or cooling energy requirements
of the building;
4. Piping, installed in unventilated crawl
spaces with insulated walls,and basements or
cellars with insulated walls in one- and two-
family dwellings.
1310.12.1 Other insulation thickness: Insulation
thicknesses in Table 13 10. 12 are based on insulation
with thermal conductivities listed in Table 1310.12
for each fluid operating temperature range, rated in
accordance with ASTM C 335-95, Test Method for
Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Horizontal
Pipe Insulations, at the average temperature listed in
the Table. For insulation which has a conductivity
more than 10% in excess of that shown in Table
1310.12 for the applicable fluid operation
temperature range and at the average rating
temperature shown, minimum thicknesses shall be
determined in accordance with equation 1310.12.1:
Equation 1310.12.1
T = PR X [(1 + t/PR)™- 1 ]
Where:
T = new minimum insulation thickness for
material with conductivity K, inches.
PR = pipe actual outside radius, inches
t = insulation thickness from Table 1310.12,
inches.
K = conductivity of alternate material at the
average rating temperature indicated in
Table 1310.12 for the applicable fluid
temperature range, (Btu-inch/h-°F-ft ).
k = conductivity listed in Table 13 10. 12 for the
applicable fluid temperature range, (Btu-
inch/h-°F-ft 2 ).
1310.12.2 Vapor barriers: Vapor barriers shall
be provided to prevent condensation where
required.
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ENERGY CONSERVATION
Table 1310.12
MINIMUM PIPE INSULATION 1
INSULATION THICKNESS IN INCHES FOR PIPE SIZES (Note 2)
Piping
System
Types
Fluid
Temperature
Range
(°F)
Runouts ~
Up to 2"
1"
&less
1 '/«"
to 2"
2/,"
to 4"
5"
to 6"
8"
and larger
Insulation
Conductivity
Heating Systems
Steam & Hot
Water
(B-in/F-hr-sf)
at temp °F
High
Press./TVmp.
351-450
1.5
2.5
2.5
3.0
3.5
3.5
0.32 @ 250°
Med.
Press./Temp.
251-350
1.5
2.0
2.5
2.5
3.5
3.5
0.29 @ 200°
Low
Press/Temp.
201-250
1.0
1.5
1.5
2.0
2.0
3.5
0.27 @ 150°
Low Temp.
141-200
0.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
0.25 @ 125 =
Low Temp.
105-140
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.5
0.24 © 100 c
Steam
Condensate
(for feedwater)
Any
1.0
1.5
1.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
0.27 @ 150"
COOLrNG,
SYSTEMS^
Chilled Water
40-55
0.5
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.0
1
0.23 @75°
Refrigerant or
Brine
Below 55
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
0.23®. 75°
Notes:
1. For minimum thicknesses of alternative insulation types, see 780 CMR 1310.12.1.
2. Runouts to individual terminal units not exceeding 12 ft. in length.
3. The required minimum thicknesses do not consider condensation. Additional insulation and/or vapor barriers may
be required to prevent condensation.
780 CMR 1311.0 HEATING, VENTILATING
AND AJDR CONDITIONING EQUTPMENT
1311.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1311.0 applies to all
buildings.
1311.2 HVAC equipment performance
requirements: The requirements of 780 CMR
1311.0 apply to equipment and component
performance for heating, ventilating, and air
conditioning systems. Where equipment efficiency
levels are specified, data furnished by the equipment
supplier, or certified under a nationally recognized
certification program or rating procedure, shall be
used to satisfy these requirements.
1311.3 HVAC system combustion heating
equipment: All gas and oil fired comfort heating
equipment shall have an Annual Fuel Utilization
Efficiency (AFUE) not less than the values shown in
Tables 1311.3 through 1311.5. Equipment types not
covered in these tables shall show a minimum
combustion efficiency of 75% at maximum rated
output. Combustion efficiency is defined as 100%
minus stack losses in percent of heat input. Stack
losses are:
1 . loss due to sensible heat in dry flue gas;
2. loss due to incomplete combustion; and
3. loss due to sensible and latent heat in moisture
formed by combustion of hydrogen in the flue.
Table 1311.3(a)
STANDARD RATING CONDITIONS AND
MINIMUM PERFORMANCE WARM AIR
FURNACES AND COMBINATION WARM
AIR FURNACES/AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS
Reference
Standards
Category
Rating Condition
Minimum
Performance
10CFR
Gas-Fired
<225,000
Btu/h
Seasonal Rating
AFUE 78% 4
£, 3 80%
430(B)
Oil-Fired
<225,000
Bto/h
Seasonal Rating
AFUE 78%"
E? 30%
ANSI
Gas-Fired
2225,000
Btu/h
1 . Maximum Rating
Capacity"
Steadv-State
E, 5 80%
Z2 1.47-90
2. Minimum Rating
Capacity"
Steadv-State
E? 78%
UL 727-86
Oil-Fired
2225,000
Btu/h
1 . Maximum Rating
Capacity"
Steady-State
E, 5 81%
2. Minimum Rating
Capacity"
Steadv-State
E, 5 81%
For SI: °F= 1.8°C = 32. 1 Btu/h = 0.2931 W
1 . Listed in Appendix A
2. Minimum and maximum ratings as provided for and
allowed by the unifs controls
3. These requirements apply to combination units not
covered by NAECA (three phase power or cooling
capacity > 65,000 Btu/h).
4. This is used to be consistent wth National Appliance
Energy Conservation Act (NAECA) of 1987 (Public Law
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780 CMR - Sixth Edition
219
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
100-2). These values apply to furnace and combination
units covered by NAECA.
5. See references standard for detailed definition of
themal efficiency (E,) = (100% minus flue losses).
Table 1311.3(b)
STANDARD RATING CONDITIONS AND
MINIMUM PERFORMANCE WARM AIR
DUCT FURNACES AND UNIT HEATERS
Reference
Standards
Category
Rating Condition
Minimum
Performance
ANSI
Duct
Furnaces
Gas-Fired
I . Maximum Rating
Capacity"
Steady-State
3 4
E, 78%
Z83.9-86
2. Minimum Rating
Capacity"
Steady-State
i 4
£■/ 75%
ANSI
Unit Heaters
Gas-Fired
1 . Maximum Rating
Capacity
Steady-State
E? 78%
Z83.8-95
2. Minimum Rating
Capacity"
Steady-State
£•/ 74%
UL 73 1-88
Unit Heaters
Oil-Fired
1 . Maximum Rating
Capacity"
Steadv-State
£, 3 81%
2. Minimum Rating
Capacity"
Steadv-State
£, 3 81%
1. Listed in Appendix A
2. Provided and allowed by the controls.
3. E, = themal efficiency, 100% minus flue losses. See
reference standard for detailed definition.
Table 1311.3(b)
STANDARD RATING CONDITIONS AND
MINIMUM PERFORMANCE GAS AND OEL-
FIRED STEAM AND HOT WATER BOILERS
Reference
Standards
Category
Rating Condition
Minimum
Performance
10CFR
Gas-Fired
<3000,000
Btu/h
Seasonal Rating
AFUE 80% 4,5
430(B)
Oil-Fired
<3000,000
Btu/h
Seasonal Rating
AFUE 80%"
HI 6
Gas-Fired
2 3000,000
Btu/h
1 . Maximum Rating
Capacity"
Steady-State
E c 3 80%
2. Minimum Rating
Capacity"
Steady-State
m 7
Oil-Fired
2 3000,000
Btu/h
1 . Maximum Rating
Capacity"
Steadv-State
£, 3 83%
2. Minimum Rating
Capacity"
Steadv-State
HI 8
Oil-Fired
(Residual)
2 3000,000
Btu/h
1 . Maximum Rating
Capacity"
Steady-State
£, 3 83%
2. Minimum Rating
Capacity
Steadv-State
2. Provided and allowed by the controls.
3. E t = themal efficiency, 100% minus flue losses. See
reference standard for detailed definition.
4. To be consistent with National Appliance Energy
Conservation Act of 1987 (Public Law 100-12).
5. Except for fas-fired steam boilers for which minimum
AFUE is 75%
6. HI = Hydronics Institute, Test & Rating Standard/
Heating Boilers - 1982; ANSI Z2 1.13-87; ANSI/ASME
Ptc 4.1-64; UL 795-73.
7. Hydronics Institute, Test & Rating Standard/ Heating
Boiler's - 1982; ANSI/ASME Ptc 4. 1 - 64; UL 726-90
8. Hydronics Institute, Test & Rating Standard/ Heating
Boilers - 1982; ANSI/ASME Ptc 4. 1 - 64.
1311.4 HVAC system heating equipment, heat
pumps heating mode: Heat pumps whose energy
input is entirely electric shall show a coefficient of
performance (COP heating, as defined herein) not
less than the values shown in Table 13 1 1.4.
1. These requirements apply to, but are not
limited to, unitary heat pumps (air source) in the
heating mode, and to packaged terminal heat
pumps in the heating mode. Field assembled
unitary heat pumps, consisting of one or more
components, shall show compliance with
780 CMR 1311.4
2. Coefficient of performance heating: the
ratio of the rate of net heat output to the rate of
total on-site energy input, expressed in consistent
units and under designated rating conditions. The
rate of net heat output shall be defined as the
change in the total heat content of the air between
entering and leaving the equipment (not including
supplementary heat).
3. Supplementary heater: The heat pump shall
be installed with a control to prevent
supplementary heater operation when the heating
load can be met by the heat pump alone.
Supplementary heater operation is permitted
during transient periods, such as start-ups,
following room thermostat set-point advance and
during defrost. A two stage thermostat, which
controls the supplementary heat on its second
stage, shall be accepted as meeting this
requirement. The cut-on temperature for the
compression heating shall be higher than the cut-
on temperature for the supplementary heat, and
the cut-off temperature for the compression
heating shall be higher than the cut-off
temperature for the supplementary heat.
Supplementary heat may be derived from any
source of electric resistance heating or
combustion heating.
1 . Listed in Appendix A
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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
ENERGY CONSERVATION
Table 1311.4
MINIMUM COP FOR HEAT PUMPS,
HEATING MODE
CATEGORY
PERFORMANCE
REFERENCE
STAND ARD(S)
Air Source, single phase:
(Cooling capacity less
than 65,000 Btu/hr)
Hi-temp
(47db/43\vb);
(Mm. COP = 2.7)
Low-temp
(17db/15wb);
(Min. COP =1.8)
ARJ210/24/-89
Air Source, three phase:
(Cooling capacity less
than 35,000 Btu/hr)
Hi-temp
(47db/43wb);
(Min. COP = 2.7)
Low-temp
(17db/15wb);
(Mm. COP = 1.8)
Packaged Terminal Heat
Pumps
Min. COP = 2.5
1311.5 HVAC system equipment, electrically
operated cooling mode: HVAC system equipment
as listed below whose energy input in the cooling
mode is entirely electric shall show a Seasonal
Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) or Energy
Efficiency Ratio (EER) not less than the values
shown in Table 1311.5.
1311.5.1: These requirements apply to, but are
not limited to, unitary cooling equipment (air-
cooled, water-cooled, and evaporatively cooled);
the cooling mode of unitary heat pumps; and
packaged terminal air conditioners.
TABLE 1311.5
MINIMUM SEER AND EER FOR
ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN AIR
CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT
TYPE
Air, single phase:
(Cooling capacity
less than 65,000
Btu/hr)
Mm. SEER = 7.8
Air, three phase:
(Cooling capa-city
less than 65,000
Btu/hr)
Air:
(Cooling capacity
greater than
65,000 Btu/hr
but less than
135,000 Btu/hr)
Packaged Terminal
Heat Pumo
Packaged Terminal
Air Conditioner
PERFORMANCE
Min. EER (Hi-temp) =
2
Min. EER (Hi-temp) =
8.2
Mm. EER = 7.8
Min. EER = 7.8
REFERENCE
STAND ARD(S)
ARI 210/240-89
1311.6 Applied HVAC system components,
electrically operated cooling mode: HVAC system
components, as listed in Table 1311 .6, whose energy
input is entirely electric shall show a coefficient of
performance (COP) cooling, as defined herein, not
less than the values shown in Table 1311.6.
1311.6.1 Coefficient of performance:
Coefficient of Performance (COP) cooling is the
ratio of the rate of net heat removal to the rate of
total energy input, expressed in consistent units
and under designated rating conditions.
The rate of net heat removal is defined as the
difference in total heat content of the water or
refrigerant entering and leaving the component
Total on-site energy input shall be determined
by combining the energy inputs to all elements
" and accessories of the component, including but
not limited to compressors, internal circulating
pumps, purge, and the HVAC system component
control circuit.
Table 1311.6
MINIMUM EER AND COP FOR
ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN AIR
CONDITIONING SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Component
Condensmg
Means
Coolant
EER
COP
Reference
Standard
Self-Contained
Chillers
Centrifugal
Air
8.2
2.4
ARI 550-
92
Self-Contained
Chillers
Centrifugal
< 250 Tons
Water
16.4
4.8
ARI 550-
92
Self-Contained
Chillers
Centrifugal
> 250 Tons
Water
17.1
5.0
ARI 550-
92
Self-Contained
Chillers
Rotary
Air
8.2
2.4
ARI 550-
92
Self-Contained
Chillers
Rotary
Water
14.0
4.1
ARI 550-
92
Self-Contained
Chillers - with
Condenser
Positive
Displace-
ment
Air
8.9
2.6
ARI 590-
92
Self-Contained
Chillers - with
Condenser
Positive
Displace-
ment
Water
12.6
3.7
ARI 590-
92
Self-Contained
Chillers -
without
Condenser
Positive
Displace-
ment
Air
10.1
3.0
ARI 590-
92
Condenser
Units
135,000 Btu/hr
or Less
Air
9.5
2.8
ARI 365-
94
Condenser
Units
135,000 Btu/hr
or Less
Water
(Evap)
12.7
3.7
ARI 365-
94
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780 CMR - Sixth Edition
221
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
1311.7 HVAC system equipment, heat operated,
cooling mode: Heat operated cooling equipment
shall show a coefficient of performance (COP)
cooling not less than the values shown in Table
1311.7. These requirements apply to, but are not
limited to, absorption equipment, engine driven
equipment, and turbine drive equipment.
When the refrigeration components are supplied
by different manufacturers, it shall be the
responsibility of the system designer to determine
compliance with these requirements, using data
provided by the suppliers of the elements.
Table 1311.7
MINIMUM COP FOR HEAT OPERATED
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM EQUIPMENT
HEAT SOURCE
Direct fired (gas/oil)
Indirect fired (steam/hot
water)
MINIMUM COP
0.'
780 CMR 1312.0 ELECTRICAL POWER
DISTRIBUTION
1312.1 Scope: Electrical distribution systems shall
be designed for the efficient distribution of electrical
energy from the service entrance to the points of use.
1312.1.1 Exempt buildings: Buildings in use
groups R-3 and R-4 (one-and two-family
dwellings) shall be exempt from the requirements
of 780 CMR 1312.0
1312.2 Power factor: Utilization equipment greater
than 1,000 watts and lighting equipment greater than
15 watts with an inductive reactance load component
shall have a power factor of not less than 85% under
rated load conditions. Power factor of less than 85%
shall be corrected to at least 90% under rated load
conditions. Power factor corrective devices, installed
to comply with this code, shall be switched with the
utilization equipment, except where this results in an
unsafe condition or interferes with the intended
operation of the equipment.
1312.3 Service voltage: Where a choice of service
voltage is available, a computation shall be made to
determine which service voltage would produce the
least energy loss, and that voltage shall be selected.
1312.4 Electric energy determination: In all multi-
family dwellings, each dwelling unit shall be
separately metered.
Exceptions:
1. Publicly financed housing for the elderly
with fuel fired heating systems, with centrally
operated air conditioning systems, or without
air conditioning systems are exempt from this
requirement.
2. Publicly financed housing for the elderly
with electric resistance or storage heating
systems are exempt from 780 CMR 1312.4
provided there is informational metering of the
individual dwelling units.
780 CMR 1313.0 LIGHTING SYSTEMS
1313.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1313.0 establishes the
maximum power limits and control requirements for
interior and exterior illumination systems.
1313.1.1 The rooms, spaces and areas covered
by 780 CMR 1313.0 include:
1. Interior spaces of buildings.
2. Building exterior areas such as: entrances,
exits, loading docks, etc.
3. Roads, grounds and other exterior areas
including open-air covered areas where
lighting is required and is energized through
the building electrical service.
1313.1.2 Exempt buildings and spaces: The
following buildings and spaces are exempt from
the provisions of 780 CMR 13 13.0:
1. Lighting for dwellings units contained in
use groups R-2, R-3 and R-4, except for the
switching requirements in 1313.2.2.1.
2. Outdoor activities such as manufacturing,
storage, commercial green houses and
processing facilities.
3. Lighting power for theatrical productions,
television broadcasting, audio-visual
presentations and those portions of
entertainment facilities where lighting is an
essential technical element for the function
performed.
4. Specialized luminaires for medical and
dental purposes.
5. Outdoor athletic facilities.
6. Display lighting required for art exhibits or
displays in galleries, museums and monuments.
7. Exterior lighting for public monuments and
recognized landmarks such as buildings
individually listed on the National Register of
Historic Places.
8. Special lighting needs for research.
9. Lighting to be used solely for indoor plant
growth during the hours of 1 0:00 P.M. to 6:00
A.M.
10. Emergency lighting that is automatically
"off' during normal operation.
1 1 . High risk security areas identified by local
ordinances or regulations or by security or
safety personnel as requiring additional
lighting.
12. Classrooms specifically designed for the
hard of seeing, hard of hearing (lip-reading),
and for senior citizens.
13. Lighting for signs.
14. Store-front display windows in retail
facilities.
15. Spaces regularly used for religious
services or worship.
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ENERGY CONSERVATION
1313.2 Minimum requirements: This 780 CMR
1313.2 establishes the minimum requirements which
must be met for all spaces covered by 780 CMR
1313.0.
1313.2.1 Building Lighting Power Limit
(BLPL): A Building Lighting Power Limit
(BLPL) is the upper limit of the power to be
available to provide the lighting needs of a
building.
The Building Lighting Power Limit (BLPL) is
the sum of the building Exterior Lighting Power
Allowance (ELPA), the Roads and Grounds
Lighting Power Allowance (RLPA), and the
building Interior Lighting Power Limit (ILPL).
1. The building Exterior Lighting Power
Allowance (ELPA) is calculated in 780 CMR
1313.2.1.4.
2. The Roads and Grounds Lighting Power
Allowance (RLPA) is calculated in 780 CMR
1313.2.1.5.
3. The building Interior Lighting Power Limit
(ILPL) may be calculated either by the
prescriptive criteria in 780 CMR 1313.4 o_i by
the system performance criteria in 780 CMR
1313.5.
The prescriptive criteria (1313.4) provide a
simple calculation procedure with limited
flexibility. The system performance criteria
(780 CMR 1313.5) provide a more complex and
lengthy calculation procedure with greater
flexibility usually suitable for complex lighting
systems in larger buildings.
When using the system performance criteria
(780 CMR 1313.5) a computer-based procedure,
approved by the State Board of Building
Regulations and Standards, may be used to
calculate the ILPL compliance value.
1313.2.1.1 Compliance: A building design
shall be considered in compliance with
780 CMR 13 13.0 if:
1. The exterior lighting power to be
installed is no greater than the Exterior
Lighting Power Allowance (ELPA).
2. The roads and ground lighting power to
be installed is not greater than the Roads
and Grounds Lighting Power Allowance
(RLPA).
3. The interior lighting power to be
installed is not greater than the Interior
Lighting Power Limit (ILPL). Tradeoffs
between ILPL and ELPA or RLPA shall
not be allowed (also see 780 CMR
1313.2.1.2).
1313.2.1.2 Compliance for multiple
buildings of a facility: The lighting power
limits for each building in a facility shall be
calculated separately. Tradeoffs among
buildings shall be restricted as described
below:
1. Tradeoffs of Interior Lighting Power
Limits among other buildings of the same
facility shall not be allowed.
2. Tradeoffs between Interior Lighting
Power Limits and Exterior Lighting Power
Allowances or Roads and Grounds Power
Allowances shall not be allowed.
3 . Tradeoffs of Exterior Lighting Power
Allowances among buildings of the same
facility are allowed.
1313.2.1.3 Forms for compliance: Forms
approved by the Board of Building Regulations
and Standards, when such Forms exist, shall be
completed to show compliance with 780 CMR
1313.0, as follows:
1. To summarize the total Exterior
Lighting Power Allowance (ELPA).
2. To summarize the maximum Road and
Grounds Lighting Power Allowance
(RLPA).
3. To summarize the maximum Building
or Facility Lighting Power Limit (BLPL,
FLPL). The BLPL or FLPL shall be the
sum of the ILPL and the ELPA of the
building (or of all buildings) and the RLPA
of the road and grounds.
4. If the prescriptive criteria of 780 CMR
1313.4 are used to determine the Interior
Lighting Power Limit (ILPL), then an
approved form shall be used to summarize
the maximum Interior Lighting Power
Limit.
5. If the system performance criteria of
780 CMR 1313.5 are used to determined
the interior lighting power limit (ILPL),
then an approved form (or an equivalent
computer generated printout) shall be used
to summarize the Interior Lighting Power
Limit.
1313.2.1.4 Exterior Lighting Power
Allowance (ELPA): Lighting power for
building exteriors shall not exceed the values
given in Table 1313.2.1.4 in accordance with
the activities to be performed.
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
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223
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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Table 1313.2.1.4
MAXIMUM LIGHTING POWER
ALLOWANCES (CONNECTED LOAD) FOR
BUILDING EXTERIORS
LOCATION
ALLOWANCE '
Exit (with or without a
canopy)
20 W/lin. ft. of door opening
Entrance (without a canopv)
30 W/lin. ft. of door opening
Entrance (with a canopy)
High traffic (retail, hotel,
airport, theater, etc.)
1 W/ft of canopied area
Light traffic (hospital, office,
school, etc.)
4 W/ft of canopied area
Loading area
0.030 W/ft"
Loading door
20 W/lin. ft of door opening
NOTE: Total illumination allowance for the building is
10 W/Lin. Ft. exterior (including the above allowances)
of building perimeter.
1313.2.1.5 Roads and Grounds Power
Allowance (RLPA): Lighting power for roads
and grounds shall not exceed the values in
Table 1313.2.1.5.
Table 1313.2.1.5
MAXIMUM LIGHTING POWER
ALLOWANCES (CONNECTED LOAD) FOR
ROADS AND GROUNDS
LOCATION
ALLOWANCE
Storage and work areas
0.20 W/ft"
Other activity areas for casual
use such as picnic grounds,
gardens, parks, and other
landscaped areas
0.10 W/ft"
Private drivewavs/walkways
0.10 W/ft"
Public drivewavs/walkwavs
0.15 W/ft"
Private parkins lots
0.12 W/ft"
Public parking lots
0.1 8 W/ft"
1313.2.2 Interior and exterior lighting controls:
All lighting systems except those required for
emergency or exit lightings shall be provided with
manual, automatic or programmable controls.
1313.2.2.1 Minimum number of lighting
controls:
1. Each area enclosed by ceiling height
partitions shall have independent control of
the lighting within that area.
2. The maximum area to be controlled by
a single switch shall be 750 square feet.
The total number of switches shall be not
less than one switch for each 1600 watts
(@ 277 volts) of connected load, or one
switch for each 1250 watts (@ 120 volts)
of connected load.
Exception: Lighting control requirements
for spaces which must be used as a whole
may be controlled by a lesser number of
controls, but not less than one control point
for each 1500 W of connected lighting
power, or a total of three control points,
whichever is greater. Examples of such
spaces include public lobbies of office
buildings, hotels and hospitals: retail and
department stores; warehouses; and store
rooms and service corridors under
centralized supervision. Lighting in such
spaces shall be controlled in accordance
with the work activities.
3. Hotel and motel guest rooms excluding
bathrooms shall have one or more master
switches at the door that turn off all
permanently wired lighting fixtures and
switched receptacles. For multiple room
hotel suites, switches at the entry of each
room, in lieu of the switch at the main
door, will be acceptable to meet these
requirements.
4. Bathrooms in hotels and motels shall
have a switchable, permanently installed
night light with a maximum wattage of five
watts.
5. Switches controlling the same load
from more than one location shall not be
credited as increasing the number of
controls to meet the requirements of
780 CMR 1313. .2.2.
6. All task lighting shall be separately
controlled. There shall be at least one
switch per task area. Switches for task
lighting may be incorporated as part of the
lighting fixture.
Exceptions:
1. Lighting controls for spaces which
must be used as a whole, such as public
lobbies of office buildings, hotels, and
hospitals; and warehouses, storerooms and
service corridors under centralized super-
vision may be centralized in remote
locations.
2. Manual and automatic control devices
may reduce the number of controls
required as listed in Table 13 13.2.2.
Table 1313.2.2
REDUCTION ALLOWANCE FOR
SELECTED CONTROLS
TYPE OF CONTROL
EQUIVALENT NUMBER
OF CONTROL POINTS
Occupancy sensors
2
Timer - Programmable from the
space being controlled
2
Three level, including off, step
control or pre-set dimming
2
Four level, including off, step
control or pre-set dimming
3
Automatic or continuous
dimming
3
1313.2.2.2 Accessibility of switches: All
switching devices used to control lighting
224
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
ENERGY CONSERVATION
within an area shall be readily accessible to
personnel occupying that area.
Exceptions:
1 . Lighting controls for spaces which
must be used a whole, such as public
lobbies of office buildings, hotels, and
hospitals; retail and department stores
and warehouses, storerooms and service
corridors under centralized supervision
may be centralized in remote locations.
2. Automatic controls
3. Programmable controls
4. Controls requiring trained operators.
5. Controls for safety hazards and
security
1313.2.2.3 Exterior lighting controls: In all
exterior areas, lighting fixtures shall be
automatically switched for non-operation when
natural light is available except where security
considerations would dictate otherwise.
1313.2.3 Ballasts
1313.2.3.1 Fluorescent lamp ballasts:
Fluorescent lamp ballasts which have all the
following characteristics shall meet or exceed
the minimum ballast efficiency factor as shown
in Table 1313.2.3.
1. Operate at nominal input voltages of
120 or 277 volts;
2. Have a power factor equal to or greater
than 0.60 for a single F40T 12 lamp;
3. Used to operate either F40T12 or
F96T12 lamps as specified in Table
1313.2.3;
4. Designed for use at temperatures above
0°F;
5. Not specifically designed for use with
dimming controls.
Table 1313.2.3
MINIMUM BALLAST EFFICIENCY
FACTOR
BALLAST TYPE
BALLAST EFFICIENCY
FACTOR
One - 4 foot lamp
1.805
Two - 4 foot lamps ( 1 20 V)
1.06
Two - 4 foot lamps (277 V)
1.05
Two - 8 foot slimline lamps
0.57
Two - 8 foot high output rapid
start lamps
0.39
Note: The Ballast efficiency factor shall be calculated
in accordance with Equation 13 13.2.3. 1 :
Equation 1313.2.3.1
BEF
BF
Power Input
where:
BEF = Ballast efficiency factor
BF = Ballast factor, expressed as a percent (also
known as Relative Light Output)
Power Input = Total wattage of combined lamps
and ballasts
Tests for ballast factor and power input
shall be in accordance with ANSI Standard
C82.2 1984 Method of Measurement for
Fluorescent Lamps Ballasts using Standard
Lamps.
1313.2.3.2 One-lamp or three-lamp fluorescent
luminaires recess-mounted within ten feet
center-to-center of each other or pendant-
mounted or surface-mounted within one foot of
each other, and within the same room, shall be
tandem wired to eliminate unnecessary use of
single-lamp ballast.
1313.2.3.3 Ballasts shall have a power factor
greater than 90%.
Exception:
1 Ballasts for circline and compact
fluorescent lamps and low wattage high
intensity discharge lamps of less than 100
watts.
2. Dimming ballasts.
1313.3 Interior lighting power adjustment
factors:
1313.3.1 Adjusted Lighting Power (ALP)
When determining interior lighting compliance in
780 CMR 1313.4 or 1313.5, the Connected
Lighting Power (CLP) for lights controlled by
normal switching must not exceed the Interior
Lighting Power Limit (ILPL). However, when the
switching controls are automatic (i.e. daylight
sensors, occupancy sensors, or lumen
maintenance controls) the connected lighting
power may exceed the ILPL provided that the
Adjusted Lighting Power (ALP), calculated using
equation 1313.3.1 does not exceed the ILPL
Equation 1313.3.1
ALP = CLP XPAF ^^
ALP = Adjusted Lighting Power, watts
CLP = Connected Lighting Power for the
luminaires controlled by the automatic
control device, watts
PAF = Power Adjustment Factor
1313.3.2 Power Adjustment Factor (PAF): The
Power Adjustment Factor is limited to the specific
area controlled by the automatic control device
The Power Adjustment Factor shall be as shown
in Table 1313.3.2
1313.3.3 Daylighting credits: Where daylighting
credit is utilized, based on the procedures in
780 CMR 1313.2.2.1 or 1313 3 2, automatic
controls such as photoelectric switches or
automatic dimmers shall be provided in the
daylighted spaces.
9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition
225
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Table 1313.3.2
POWER AD JUSTMENT FACTOR (PAF)
AUTOMATIC CONTROL DEVICE
PAF
1 . Occupancy sensors
70
2. Daylighting sensors
a) Continuous dimming
h) Multiple step control
c) On-off control
0.70
0.80
0.90
3- Lumen maintenance control
0.90
4 Combination of 1 . and 2.
0.60
5. Combination of 1 . and 3
065
6. Combination of 1., 2 and 3.
0.55
7 Programmable timing control
0.S5
Notes:
1. PAF credits shall not be applied to the dimming
controls of incandescent lamps or luminaires.
2. Only one adjustment factor may be used for each
building space or lummaire. and 50% or more of the
luminaire shall be within the applicable space to qualify
for the power adjustment factor Controls shall be in-
stalled in series with the lights and in series with all
manual switching devices in order to qualify for an
adjustment factor.
3. Daylighting controls shall be able to reduce electrical
power consumption for lighting, continuously or in two
or more steps, to 50% or less of maximum power
consumption: shall control all luminaires more than 50%
within a dayiighted space, and shall not control any
lummaire more than 50% outside a dayiighted space.
4. Programmable tuning controls used for credit in
conjunction with Table 13 13.3.2 shall be capable of:
a. programming different schedules for week days
and weekends.
b. temporary override by occupants with automatic
return to the original schedules. Override controls
shall be readily accessible.
c. providing independent control of each lighting load
which is required to be separately controlled.
1313.4 Prescriptive criteria: These prescriptive
lighting requirements shall be used with 780 CMR
1313.2 and 1313.3. 780 CMR 1313.5 may be used
instead of 780 CMR 1313.4.
1313.4.1 Interior Lighting Power Limit (ILPL)
calculation: Installed adjusted lighting power,
including supplemental or task lighting provided
by fixtures permanently wired in place but not by
movable fixtures shall comply with the power
limits established in this section. To establish a
lighting power allowance, the following
procedure shall be used:
1. Determine the space use categories and
Unit Lighting Power Allowances (ULPA) for
the various parts of the building from Table
1313.4.1. If a space use intended for the
building is not listed in Table 1313.4.1, then
the closest related building or space type listed
in the Table shall be used.
2. Multiply the Unit Lighting Power
Allowance (ULPA) for each space use
category by the gross floor area included in
that space use category.
3 . Add the total number of watts for each area
to arrive at the Interior Lighting Power Limit
(ILPL) for the building.
4. In all cases of alterations or additions to
existing buildings, the unit lighting power
allowance for the new or altered area shall be
calculated by combining the square footage of
each category represented in such alterations or
additions with the total square footage of the
respective categories of the building within
which such alterations or additions are
planned
1313.4.2 Compliance A building shall be
considered in compliance with 780 CMR 1313.4
if the interior Adjusted Lighting Power (ALP) to
be installed, as determined in 1313.3.1, does not
exceed the Interior Lighting Power Limit (ILPL)
for the building, as determined in 1313.4.1,
Table 1313.4.1
UNIT LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCE
(ULPA), W/fC
BUILDING SIZE RANGE. Ft 2
BUILDING
Less
6,001
15.001
30,001
50,001
SPACE/TYPE
than
to
to
to
or
6.000
15.00(i
30,000
50,000
more
Food Service
Fast Food/Cafetena
1.5
1.4
1.3
13
1.3
Leisure Dining/Bar
2.2
1.9
1.7
1.5
1.4
Offices
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.5
Retail
Type B & C;
3.3
2.8
2.5
2.3
2.1
Tvpe D & E J
3.0
2.5
2.2
2.0
1.8
Mall Concourse at
multi-store shop-
ping centers
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.3
1.2
Garages & Basements
03
0.3
02
0.2
0.2
Schools
Pre-High School
1.8
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.5
High School/
Technical
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.9
1.8
University
Warehouse/Storage
0.8
0.6
05
0.5
0.4
Factor. & Workshop
1 2
1.1
1.0
1 <
1.0
Notes:
1 Includes general merchandising and display lighting.
2 Type B & C Retail: Fme Merchandising and Mass
Merchandising.
3 Type D & E Retail: General Merchandising and Food
and Miscellaneous Merchandising.
4 General lighting.
1313.5 System performance criteria: These system
performance lighting requirements shall be used
with the minimum requirements specified in
780 CMR 1313.2 and 1313.3. The prescriptive
criteria listed in 780 CMR 1313.4 may be used
instead of 780 CMR 1313 5 (Note that if 780 CMR
1313.5, "System Performance Criteria", is employed,
a supplemental computer program, available through
226
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
ENERGY CONSERVATION
the State House Bookstore must be utilized/the
detailed materials in 780 CMR 1315.5.1 thru
1315.5.3 and Table 1315.5.1 are provided here for
information only - see notes 1 and 2.
NOTE(l):
A COMPUTER SOFTWARE PROGRAM, LGTSTD
(LIGHTING STANDARD) IS AVAILABLE TO
PERFORM 780 CMR 1333.5 EVALUATION. THIS
PROGRAM PERFORMS PASS/FAIL ANALYSIS.
THE LGTSTD SOFTWARE PROGRAM. ALONG
WITH THE ENl'STD SOFTWARE PROGRAM (SEE
780 CMR 13 14.5) ARE COMBINED ON A SINGLE
5'A" FLOPPY DISC AND THIS DISC, PLUS A
USER'S MANUAL FOR BOTH PROGRAMS, ARE
AVAILABLE THROUGH THE STATE
BOOKSTORE (617) 727-2834.
NOTE (2):
USE OF THE LIGHTING COMPLIANCE
CALCULATION COMPUTER PROGRAM
(LTGSTD21) OF THE CODIFIED VERSION OF
ASHRAE/IES 90.1-1989 "ENERGY CODE FOR
COMMERCIAL AND HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL
BUILDINGS" SHALL BE AN ACCEPTABLE
OPTION FOR DEMONSTARTING COMPLIANCE
WITH THE LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS OF
780 CMR.
NOTE (3):
780 CMR 1313.5.1 THROUGH 1313.2.3. TABLE
780 CMR 1313.5.2 AND FIGURES 1313.5.1 AND
1313.5.2 ARE INFORMATIONAL - THE
SUPPLEMENTAL COMPUTER SOFTWARE
LGTSTD1 AND LGTSTD2I ARE ''PASS/FAIL"
EVALUATIONS.
1313.5.1 Unit power density procedure:
Installed Adjusted Lighting Power (ALP),
including supplemental or task related lighting
provided by movable fixtures shall comply with
the power allowances established in 780 CMR
1313.5.
1313.5.1.1 The Lighting Power Budget (LPB)
of each interior space shall be determined in
accordance with equation 1313.5.1.
Equation 1313.5.1
LPB = A X Pb XAF where:
LPB = Lighting power budget of the space, watts
A = Area of the space, ft
Pb = Base UPD, w/ft 2 (Table 1313.5.1)
AF = Area factor of the space (Figure 1313.5.1)
1 . The Room Area (A) shall be calculated from
the inside dimensions of the room.
2. The Base UPD (Pb) shall be selected from
Table 1313.5.1. For applications to areas or
activities other than those given, select values for
similar areas or activities.
3. The Area Factor (AF) shall be determined
from Figure 1313.5.1 based on the room area and
ceiling height. Rooms of identical ceiling height
and activities may be listed as a group. The AF of
a group of rooms shall be determined from the
average area of these rooms.
1313.5.1.2 Special Spaces and Activities
1. Multi-Function Rooms. For rooms
serving multi-functions, such as hotel
banquet/meeting rooms and office
conference/presentation rooms, a sup-
plementary lighting system with
independent controls may be installed. The
installed power for the supplementary
system shall not be greater than 50% of the
base LPB calculated in accordance with
7S0CMR 1313.5.1.1.
2. Simultaneous Activities. In rooms
containing multiple simultaneous activities
such as a large general office having
separate accounting and drafting areas
within the same room, the LPB for the
rooms shall be the weighted average of the
activities in proportion to the areas being
served.
1313.5.2 The Interior Lighting Power Limit
(ILPL) shall include a 0.31 W/ft 2 allowance for
unlisted space areas. The ILPL shall be calculated
in accordance with equation 1313.5.2.
Equation 1313.5.2:
HPL=LPB(Listed SpacesJ+tUOW/ft^XtXJnlisted Space)
where:
ILPL = Interior Lighting Power Limit
Unlisted space = (LBA - Area of listed spaces),
ft 2
LBA = Lighting Building Area, ft"
LPB = Lighting Power Budget
1313.5.3 Compliance: A building shall be
considered in compliance with this section if the
interior Adjusted Lighting Power (ALP) to be
installed in the building, as determined in
780 CMR 1313.3.1, does not exceed the Interior
Lighting Power Limit (ILPL) for the building, as
determined in 780 CMR 1313.5.2.
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
227
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Table 1313.5.1
BASE UNIT POWER DENSITY (UPD FOR AREA/ACTIVITY-W/FT 2 )
AREA/ACTIVITY UPD
NOTE
COMMON ACTIVITY AREAS
Auditorium
1.6
(a)
Corridor
0.9
(b)
Classroom/Lecture hall
2.0
Elec/Mech equipment room
General
0.7
(b)
Control rooms
1.5
(b)
Food Service
Fast food/Cafeteria
1.3
Leisure dining
2.5
Bar/Lounge
2.5
(c)
Kitchen
1.4
(<=)
Recreation/lounge
0.7
Stair
Active traffic
0.6
Emergency exit
0.4
Toilet & Washroom
0.8
Garage
Auto & Pedestrian
Circulation
0.3
Parking area
0.2
Laboratory
2.3
OFFICE CATEGORY 1
(d)
Enclosed offices, all open plan offices without partitions or with partitions lower
than 4.5 ft. below the ceiling
Reading, typing and filing
1.6
(e)
Drafting
2.5
(e)
Accounting
2.0
(e)
OFFICE CATEGORY 2
(d>
Open plan offices 900 square feet or larger with partitions 3.5 to 4.5 feet below the
ceiling. (Offices less than 900 square feet shall use Category
Reading, typing and filing
1.9
(b)
Drafting
2.9
(b)
Accounting
2.4
(b)
OFFICE CATEGORY 3
(d)
Open plan offices 900 square feet or larger with partitions higher than 3.5 feet
below the ceiling. (Offices less than 900 square feet shall use Category 1)
Reading, typing and filing
2.1
(b)
Drafting
3.4
(b)
Accounting
2.7
(b)
COMMON ACTIVITY AREAS
Library
Audio visual
1.1
Stack area
1.5
Card file and cataloging
1.6
Reading area
1.9
Lobby (General)
Reception and waiting
1.0
Elevator lobbies
0.8
Atrium (multi-story)
First 3 floors
0.7
Each additional floor
0.2
Locker room and shower
0.8
228
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2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
ENERGY CONSERVATION
AREA/ACTIVITY
UPD
NOTE
Conference/meeting room
1 8
(a)
Computer/office equipment
2.1
Filing, inactive
1.0
Mail room
1.8
Shop
(Non-industrial)
2.5
Machiner
2.5
Electrical/electronic
1.6
Painting
2.3
Carpentry
1.2
Welding
Storage and Warehouse
Inactive storage
0.3
Active storage, bulky
0.3
Active storage, fine
1.0
Material handling
1.0
Unlisted space
0.2
SPECIFIC BUILDINGS
Airport, Bus and Rail Station
Baggage area
0.8
Concourse/Main thruway
0.9
Ticket counter
2.5
Waiting and Lounge area
1.2
Bank
Customer area
1
Banking activitv area
2.8
Barber and Beautv parlor
2.0
Church, Synagogue. Chapel
Worship/Congregational
2.3
Preaching and Sermon/Choir
2.7
Dormitorv
Bedroom
1.0
Bedroom with studv
1.2
Studv hall
1.8
Fire and Police Department
Fire engine room
0.7
Jail cell
0.8
Hospital/Nursing Home
Corridor
1.3
(b)
Dental suite/Exam /Trea!
1.6
Emergency
2.3
Laboratory
1.9
Loundg/Waiting room
0.9
Medical supplies
2.4
Nurserv
2.0
Nurse station
2.1
Occu./Physical therapy
1.6
Patient room
1.4
Pharmacv
1.7
Radiology
2.1
Surgical and O.B. Suites
Genral area
2.1
Operating room
7.0
Recovery
3.0
Hotel/Conference Center
Banquet room /Multi-purpose
2.4
(a)
Bathroom/Powder room
1.2
Guest room
1.4
Public area
1.1
Exhibition hall
2.6
Conference/Meeting
1.8
(a)
Lobby
1.9
Reception desk
2.4
Laundry
Washing
0.9
Ironing and Sorting
1.3
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
229
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
AREA/ACTIVITY
UPD
NOTE
Museum and Gallery
General exhibition
1.9
Inspect/Restoration
3.9
Storage (Artifacts)
Inactive
0.6
Active
07
Post Office
Lobbv
1.1
Sortina
2.1
Service Station/Auto Repair
1.0
Theater
Performance arts
1.5
Motion picture
1.0
Lobbv
1.5
Retail Establishments-
(Merchandising and Circulation Area)
Applicable to all lighting, including accent and display lighting, installed i
area
merchandisiing and circulation
Type A
4.0
(0
TypeB
3 2
(I)
TvpeC
3.0
(0
TvpeD
2.8
(f)
Type#
2.6
(f)
Mall concourse
1.4
Retail support areas
Tailoring
2.1
Dressing/Fitting rooms
1.4
INDOOR ATHLETIC AREAS
Seating Area. All Sports
0.4
(?)
Badminton
Club
0.5
Tournament
0.8
Basketball/Vollevball
Intramural
0.8
College
1.3
Professional
1.9
Bowling
Approach area
0.5
Lanes
11
Boxing or Wrestling (platform)
Amateur
2.4
Professional
4.8
Gvmnasium
General exercising and
Recreation onlv
1.0
Handball/Racquetball/Squash
Club
1.3
Toumment
2.6
Hockey, ice
Amateur
1.3
College or Professional
2.7
Skating Rink
Recreational
0.6
Exhibition/Professional
2.7
Swimming
Recreational
0.9
Exhibition
1.5
Tennis
Recreational (Class III)
1.3
Club/College (Class II)
1.9
Professional (Glass I)
2.7
Tennis, Table
Club
1.0
Toumment
1.6
230
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND ST.ANDARDS
ENERGY CONSERVATION
Notes:
(a) A 1.5 adjustment factor is applicable for multi-functional spaces.
(b) Area Factor of 1.0 shall be used for these spaces.
(c) Base UPD includes lighting power required for clean-up purpose.
(d) Not less than 90% of all work stations shall be individually enclosed with partitions of at least the height
described.
(e) Area Factor shall not exceed 1.55.
(f) See Chapter 2 for definitions of Retail Facilities.
(g) Area Factor of 1 .0 shall be used for all indoor athletic spaces.
Figure 1313.5.1
AREA FACTOR ADJUSTMENTS
<
o
u.
CO
a
<
1
\ : \ \ :
\j
\p.
1 7 j
V \! V
\
v V \ K
S^o
1
\ l\ :\ 1 \
sj
1
\
A 1 \; X . x -
'ft, ' 1
r**^o
^Ov '
r~-\
\ \ \,l\
:^^-Ce
ling Height
v
v Vl\ ^ X
•^ ^~~-
1
i
\ \ \i, i\ :
>*--^J
"~^--^_
. _ !
M \ *< ! >-.
^_ p--
~-^_
" ~— ,
->
\^ \^_~- — .
__:
"-^-^^ T—
1 "~-
1
1. o :
; ! !
1
100
200 3C0 400 500
600 700
800 900 100C
Figure 1313.5.2
AREA OF SPACE (ft 2 )
i.e
1 .6
£ 1.5
<
3 ' ■ A
8 1 " 3
<
1.2
1.1
1.0
\ >\ !
' . \ l\
\ \i \
« l\ V V
— tCe ■■ no Hei ah;
o !\ X K
5 A i\ i y.
\ \ 1 \ ! V
t : \ Sj V .,.i \
° \ \i \-?< n - ^^ r — -~^l
*> i \ Nv?o r*\ ' ^ . ^~~~~~-^_
Z f\\kX >-
•^. i — -— _
' -
T" -^__
n k ^^^^-2 — —■— L
8 rv^>^ r Zr~; — _zr~2^~
1000 2000 3000 400C
5000 6000 7000 8000
9000 10
300
Area Factor Formula:
Area Factor = 0.2 = 0.8 (1/0.9")
where W
\0.2l(CH - 2.5) _
#
A = Area factor.
CH = Ceiling height (ft).
A T = room area (ft").
IfAF<1.0usel.0;ifAF>1.8use 1.8.
9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 7S0 CMR - Sixth Edition
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
780 CMR 1314.0 BUILDING ENVELOPE
REQUIREMENTS FOR COMMERCIAL
AND HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL
BUILDINGS
1314.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1314.0 applies to
commercial buildings and to high rise residential
buildings over three stories.
1314.2 Compliance: The envelope design of a
building being evaluated is in compliance with the
requirements of 780 CMR 1314.0 provided that:
1. The minimum requirements and calculation
procedures of 780 CMR 1314.3 are met; and,
2. Compliance with either the prescriptive
criteria (780 CMR 1314.4) or the system
performance criteria (780 CMR 13 14.5) is met.
1314.2.1 The prescriptive criteria (780 CMR
1314.4) provide a simple calculation procedure
with limited flexibility. The system performance
criteria (780 CMR 1314.5) provide a more
complex and lengthy calculation procedure with
greater flexibility usually suitable for complex
envelope assemblies in larger buildings.
When using the system performance criteria
(780 CMR 1314.5) a computer-based procedure,
approved by the State Board of Building
Regulations and Standards, may be used to
calculate the exterior envelope compliance values
1314.3 Minimum Requirements
1314.3.1 Overall thermal transmittance (Uo)
The overall thermal transmittance of building
envelope assemblies shall be calculated in
accordance with Equation 1314.3.1:
Uo = (UiAi + ... UnAn)IAo
where:
Uo = the average thermal transmittance of the
gross area of an envelope assembly, e.g.,
the exterior wall assembly, including
fenestration and doors; roof and/or
ceiling assembly, or floor assembly,
(Btu/h-ft 2 -°F).
Ao = the gross area of the envelope assembly,
(ft 2 ).
Ui = the thermal transmittance of each
individual element of the envelope
assembly, e.g., the opaque portion of the
wall or the fenestration - see 780 CMR
1314.3.2, (Btu/h-ft 2 -°F).
Ut = 1/Rt, the total resistance of the envelope
assembly, (Btu/h-ft 2 -°F).
A = the area of each individual element of the
envelope assembly, (ft ).
1314.3.2 Thermal transmittance (Ui) of an
individual element of an envelope assembly:
The thermal transmittance of each envelope
assembly shall be determined accounting for all
series and parallel heat flow paths through the
elements of the assembly. Compression of
insulation shall be accounted for in determining
the thermal resistance.
1314.3.2.1 The thermal transmittance of
opaque elements of assemblies shall be
determined using a series path procedure with
correction for the presence of parallel paths
within an element of the envelope assembly
(such as parallel paths through wall cavities
with insulation and studs) The procedure to be
used in meeting the requirements of 780 CMR
1 3 14.3.2. 1 is given in Appendix E.
1314.3.2.2 The thermal transmittance of
fenestration assemblies shall be corrected to
account for the presence of sash, frames, edge
effects and spacers in multiple glazed units. If
thermal transmittances of sash and frames are
known, then Equation 1314.3 . 1 shall be used
for calculation, otherwise Equation 1314.3.2
shall be used:
Equation 1314.3.2
Uof=(Ug,l-Ff,l-Al=Ug,2-F£2-A2=...+Ug,n-Ffji-An)
K
Where:
Uof = the overall thermal transmittance of the
fenestration assemblies, including sash
and frames, (Btu/h-ft -°F).
Ug = the thermal transmittance of the central
area of the fenestration excluding edge
effects, spacers in multiple-glazed units,
and the sash and frame, (Btu/h-ft -°F).
Ff = framing adjustment factor for sash,
frames, etc.
Aof = the area all fenestration including glazed
portions, sash, frames, etc., (ft ).
Values for Ug shall be the larger of the winter or
summer values obtained the ASHRAE Handbook,
1993 Fundamentals Volume. Values for Ff shall be
obtained from the ASHRAE Handbook, 1993
Fundamentals Volume. Values for Ug and Ff may
also be obtained from manufacturer's test data for
specific product assemblies. Where a range of
framing adjustment factors is provided, the average
of the range shall be used.
1314.3.3 Shading coefficients: The Shading
Coefficient (SC) for fenestration shall be obtained
from the ASHRAE Handbook, 1993
Fundamentals Volume or from manufacturers' test
data. For the prescriptive or systems performance
envelope compliance calculations in 780 CMR
1314.4 and 1314 5 a factor, SCx, is used. SCx is
the Shading Coefficient of the fenestration,
including internal and external shading devices,
but excluding the effect of external shading
projections which is calculated separately. The
shading coefficient used for louvered shade
screens shall be determined using a profile angle
232
780 CMR - Sixth Edition
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
ENERGY CONSERVATION
of 30°, as found in the ASHRAE Handbook, 1993
Fundamentals Volume.
1314.3.4 Shell buildings: If determination of
building envelope compliance occurs prior to the
determination of lighting power density,
equipment power density, or fenestration shading
device characteristics, then the following
conditions shall be assumed when determining
building envelope compliance by either the
prescriptive method of 780 CMR 1314.4 or the
systems performance method of 780 CMR 13 14.5.
1. Lighting Power Density and Equipment
Power Density: For 780 CMR 13 14.4 the total
power density shall be assumed to be those
listed in Table 1314.3.4. For 780 CMR 1314.5,
the values in Table 1314.4.3.4 shall be
apportioned as % lighting and Vz for other
equipment. Note that these are not
recommended design values, but are for
compliance purposes only.
2. Fenestration shading devices: Only those
shading devices that are part of the design
when it is being evaluated for compliance shall
be considered when determining compliance.
3. Electric lighting controls for perimeter
daylighting utilization: Only those controls
that are part of the design when it is being
evaluated for compliance shall be considered
when determining compliance.
Table 1314.3.4
ASSUMED COMBINED LIGHTING AND
EQUTPMENT POWER DENSITIES FOR
SHELL BUILDINGS
LIGHTING CONTROL
TYPE
FOR
3000<HDD 65
>6000
FOR
HDD 65 >
6000
With automatic lighting
controls provided for the
perimeter area to be
davliehted
1.75 W/ft 2
1.50 W/ft 2
All other lighting controls
2.25 W/ft"
1.50 W/ft"
1314.4 Prescriptive criteria:
1314.4.1 Purpose: 780 CMR 1314.4 provides
precalculated prescriptive requirements for
selected exterior envelope configurations of new
buildings. There are four different sets of
precalculated design parameters, including a base
case and buildings designed with perimeter
daylighting, with high performance glazing with
perimeter daylighting or with increased wall
thermal mass. Any one set of parameters will
achieve compliance.
The Alternate Component Packages (ACP)
provide design criteria for the following:
1. "Base Case Buildings" - buildings with
envelopes designed without perimeter
daylighting.
2. "Perimeter Daylighting Buildings" -
buildings which are allotted additional
fenestration area due to the incorporation of
automatic electric lighting controls for daylight
utilization in the perimeter zones.
Note:This daylighting credit is for thermal
benefits of daylighting controls on the
electric lighting system. This is in addition
to the credit provided in 780 CMR 3 1 13 for
the reduction in lighting energy.
1314.4.2 Compliance: The basic requirements
and procedures of 780 CMR 1314.3 shall be used
with 780 CMR 13 14.4. The systems performance
criteria in 780 CMR 1314.5 may be used instead
of780CMR1314.4.
The envelope design of the building being
evaluated is in compliance with the prescriptive
criteria of this section provided that:
1. The minimum requirements and calculation
procedures of 780 CMR 1314. are met.
2. All U values are less than or equal to those
chosen from the ACP Table selected.
3. All R values are greater than or equal to
those listed in the ACP Table for walls below
grade and for slab-on-grade floors.
4. The percentage of fenestration relative to
the gross external wall area is less than or
equal to the value chosen from the ACP Table.
Exception: Portions of external envelopes
enclosing atria are not covered by the
envelope criteria of 780 CMR 1 3 1 4.4 if the
atria are unconditioned and are thermally
isolated from conditioned spaces.
1314.4.3 Procedure for using the alternate
component package (ACP): The prescriptive
envelope criteria are contained in Tables 1314.4.1
through 1314.4.3.
The following steps shall be used to determine
compliance with these prescriptive envelope
criteria:
1314.4.3.1 Determine appropriate ACP
Table: Based upon the heating degree days
(base 50) of Table 1305.2, choose the
appropriate ACP Table from one of the three
ACP Tables found on the following pages.
2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)
7S0 CMR - Sixth Edition
233
780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
Table 1314.4.1
ALTERNATE COMPONENT PACKAGES FOR HDD (1lasl , ^ 1751 - 2600
INTERNAL
PROJECTION
FACTOR (PF)
Uo 
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