Full text of "Commonwealth of Massachusetts state building code"

BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY

3 9999 03290 947 3

WARNING!!

This edition (6 th , updated to 19 Sept. 1997) of the Massachusetts
State Building Code was bound incorrectly.

First comes the User's Guide (30p.) which is correct. The next

section are the amendments and then the final section is the text of

the Building Code itself.

Each section has been marked. To use effectively start by looking

in the last section which is the Building Code (6* Edition, updated

to 19 Sept. 1997) and then check the amendments (updated to 12

Dec. 1997) in the second section to see if there have been any

changes.

Sorry for the confusion!

AMENDMENTS to this ed. (to 12-12-97)

DOCUMENTS DEPT.
BUbluw rJBLIC LIBRARY
700 Boylston Street
Boston, MA 02117

The Commonwealth of Massachusetts

William Francis Galvin, Secretary of the Commonwealth
State Publications and Regulations

REGULATION FILING AND PUBLICATION

1. Regulation Chapter, Number and Heading: 780 CM R AMENDMENT

2. Name of Agency:

STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS
AND STANDARDS

3. This document is reprinted from the Code of Massachusetts Regulations and
contains the following:

STATE BUILDING CODE

AMENDMENTS AS OF 10/31/97 (780 CMR R3)
AMENDMENTS AS OF 12/12/97

Under the provisions of Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 30A, Section 6 and Chapter 233, Section 75, this
document may be used as evidence of the original documents on file with the Secretary of the Commonwealth.

Compiled as in full force and effect.

08/28/97 (AMENDED 12/12/97)

A true copy attest:

$5.00

true copy attest: A

WILLIAM FRANCIS GALVIN

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in 2010 with funding from

Boston Public Library

http://www.archive.org/details/commonwealthofma61997mass

The Commonwealth of Massachusetts

William Francis Galvin, Secretary of the Commonwealth
State Publications and Regulations

REGULATION FILING AND PUBLICATION

1. Regulation Chapter, Number and Heading: 780 CMR

The Massachusetts State Building Code

2. Name of Agency: . ^

State Board of Building Regulations and Standards

3. This document is reprinted from the Code of Massachusetts Regulations and
contains the following:

This is the Sixth Edition of the Massachusetts State Building Code as
adopted by the State Board of Building Regulations and Standards and
filed with the Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth.

Under the provisions of Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 30A, Section 6 and Chapter 233, Section
75, this document may be used as evidence of the original documents on file with the Secretary of the
Commonwealth.

Compiled as in full force and effect: 8/28/97 (Amended 1 2/1 2/97)

A true copy attests— , /

WILLIAM FRANCIS GALVIN
$30.00 Secretary of the Commonwealth

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ADMINISTRATION

column 4 of Table 106. For example, if the building official issues a certificate valid for two years for a building in

the R-2 use group, the fee charged would be 2/5 times the fee per maximum certification period as determined for the

building in question using the formula in Note f.

Note a. For buildings or structures, or parts thereof, in the A-3 Use Group categories, with capacities over 400, the

fee to be charged for the maximum certification period of one year is $75 for accommodations for up to 5,000 persons,

plus $15 for the accommodations for each additional 1,000 persons or fraction thereof.

Note b. For all buildings or structures, or parts thereof, in A-5 use group, the fee to be charged for the maximum

certification period of one year is $40 for seating accommodations for up to 5,000 persons, plus $8 for the

accommodation for each additional 1,000 persons or fraction thereof

Note c. For all buildings and structures, or parts thereof, in the 1-3 use group, the fee to be charged for the maximum

certification period of two years is $75 for each structure containing up to 100 beds, plus a $2 charge for each

additional ten beds or fraction thereof over the initial 1 00 beds.

Note d. For hospitals, nursing homes, sanitariums, and orphanages in the 1-2 use group, the fee to be charged for the

maximum certification period of two years is $75 for each structure containing up to 100 beds, plus a $2 charge for

each additional ten beds or fraction thereof over the initial 100 beds. All other buildings or structures or parts thereof

in the 1-2 use group classification shall be charged a fee of $75 for a two year maximum certification period.

Note e. For all buildings and structures or parts thereof in the R-l use group, the fee to be charged for the maximum

certification period of one year shall be $40 for up to five units plus $2 per unit for all over five units. A unit shall be

defined as follows:

two hotel guest rooms;

two lodging house guest rooms;

two boarding house guest rooms; or

four dormitory beds
Note f. For all buildings and structures or parts thereof in the R-2 use group, the fee to be charged for the maximum
certification period of five years shall be $75, plus $2 per dwelling unit

Note g. For purposes of determining the required number of inspections, the maximum certification period, and the
fees, as specified in Table 106, dormitories are included in the R-l use group classification rather than the R-2.
Note h. Summer camps for children in use group R-2 shall be inspected and certified annually prior to the beginning
of each season. The annual fee shall be $ 15 for the first 25 residential units: $8 for each additional 25 residential units;
and $ 15 for each assembly building or use. (A residential unit for this purpose shall be defined as four beds).

106.6 Reports by the Building Official

106.6.1 Report to Appointing Authority: The

building official shall submit to the appointing
authority of the jurisdiction a written report of
operations in a form and content and at intervals
as shall be prescribed by the appointing authority.

106.6.2 Report to assessors: Pursuant to
M.G.L. c. 143, § 61, the building official shall
give to the assessors of the municipality written
notice of the granting of permits for the
construction of any buildings or structures, or for
the removal or demolition, or for any substantial
alteration or addition thereto. Such notice shall be
given within seven days after the granting of each
permit, and shall state the name of the person to
whom the permit was granted and the location of
the building or structure to be constructed,
reconstructed, altered, demolished or removed.

106.6.3 Report to Local United States
Postmaster Pursuant to M.G.L. c. 143, § 3X the
building official shall notify the local United
States Postmaster of the issuance of a building
permit authorizing the construction of any
building containing ten or more residential units.

106.7 Department records: The building official
shall maintain official records of applications
received, permits and certificates issued, inspections
performed fees collected, reports of inspections, and
notices and orders issued. Such records shall be

retained in the official records as long as the
building or structure to which they relate remains in
existence unless otherwise provided for by law.

780 CMR 107.0 DUTIES AND POWERS OF
THE STATE INSPECTOR

(M.GJLc.l43,§3A)

107.1 The State Inspector: In every city and town
780 CMR shall be enforced by the State Inspector of
the Department of Public Safety, Division of
Inspections, as to any structures or buildings or parts
thereof that are owned by the Commonwealth or any
departments, commissions, agencies, or authorities
of the Commonwealth. The state inspector shall
have as to such buildings and structures all the
powers of a building commissioner or inspector of
buildings. All buildings and structures owned by
any authority established by the legislature and not
owned by the Commonwealth shall be regulated in
accordance with 780 CMR 106.0.

107.2 Other responsibilities: The state inspector
shall make periodic reviews of all local building
inspection practices, provide technical assistance
and advice to the local building officials in the
implementation of 780 CMR and report in writing
his findings to the building officials.

107.3 Review by the Commissioner of Public
Safety: The Commissioner of the Commonwealth
of Massachusetts, Department of Public Safety shall
establish districts which shall be supervised by a

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

state inspector of the Division of Inspections. The
Commissioner may review, on his own initiative, or
on the application of any state inspector, any action
or refusal or failure of action by any building official
the result of which does not comply with the
uniform implementation of 780 CMR; and may
reverse, modify or annul, in whole or in part, such
action except with respect to the specialized codes,
provided that an order or action of the Commissioner
shall not reverse, modify, annul, or contravene any
order, action, determination, interpretation or any
decision by the BBRS or the State Building Code
Appeals Board.

107.4 Reports: The state inspector shall file with
the BBRS reports of his periodic reviews and
recommendations for improvements of building
inspection practices. The format and due dates for
these reports shall be determined by the BBRS.

780 CMR 108.0 RULES AND REGULATIONS

108.1 Rule making authority: Under authority
granted by St 1984, c. 348, as amended, the BBRS
is empowered in the interest of public safety, health
and general welfare, to adopt and promulgate rules
and regulations, and to interpret and implement the
provisions of 780 CMR to secure the intent thereof.

108.2 Amendments and promulgation of rules:

In accordance with the provisions of M.G.L. c. 143,
§ 97, any person may propose amendments to
780 CMR. Public hearings shall be held in the city
of Boston in May and November of each year, and
at such other times and places as the BBRS may
determine, to consider petitions for such
amendments. Amendments adopted by the BBRS
shall be binding and have the full force and effect in
all cities and towns.

1083 Activities requiring licenses, registration or
certification:

108.3.1 Testing laboratories: A testing
laboratory, branch laboratory and/or project
laboratory shall not test concrete and/or concrete
materials for use in structures subject to
construction control (780 CMR 116.0) and/or
controlled materials (780 CMR 17) unless
licensed by the BBRS in accordance with
780 CMR and 780 CMR Rl: the Rules and
Regulations for Licensing of Concrete Testing
Laboratories.

1083.2 Field technicians: A person shall not
engage in the activities of field testing of concrete
for use in structures subject to construction
control (780 CMR 116.0) and/or controlled
materials (780 CMR 17) unless such person is
licensed by the BBRS in accordance with

780 CMR R2: the Rules and Regulations for
Concrete Testing Personnel.

10833 Manufactured buildings: No individual,
organization or firm shall be engaged in the
construction of manufactured buildings for use in
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts unless
approved to construct same by the BBRS in
accordance with 780 CMR R3.

1083.4 Native Lumber: No individual,
organization or firm shall engage in the
production of native lumber for use in structures
within the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
unless registered by the BBRS in accordance with
780 CMR and 780 CMR R4: the Rules and
Regulations Controlling the Use of Native
Lumber.

1083.5 Licensing of Construction Supervisors:

1083.5.1 Except for those structures governed
by Construction Control in 780 CMR 116.0,
effective July 1, 1982, no individual shall be
engaged in directly supervising persons
engaged in construction, reconstruction,
alteration, repair, removal or demolition
involving any activity regulated by any
provision of 780 CMR, unless said individual
is licensed in accordance the Rules and
Regulations for Licensing Construction
Supervisors as set forth in 780 CMR R5.

No person shall be engaged in the
supervision of the field erection of a
manufactured building unless such person is
licensed in accordance with 780 CMR R5: The
Rules and Regulations for the Licensing of
Construction Supervisors.

Exception: Any Home Owner performing
work for which a building permit is required
shall be exempt from the licensing
provisions of 780 CMR 108.3.5; provided
that if a Home Owner engages a person(s)
for hire to do such work, that such Home
Owner shall act as supervisor. This
exception shall not apply to the field
erection of a manufactured buildings
constructed pursuant to 780 CMR 35 and
780 CMR R3. For the purposes of
780 CMR 108.3.5, a "Homeowner" is
defined as follows: Person(s) who owns a
parcel of land on which he/she resides or
intends to reside, on which there is, or is
intended to be, a one or two family dwelling,
attached or detached structures accessory to
such use and/or farm structures. A person
who constructs more than one home in a
two-year period shall not be considered a
home owner.

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ADMINISTRATION

1083.5.2 Exemptions from Construction
Supervisor License requirement; A

construction supervisor's license is not
required for: roofing, siding, erection of
rooftop solar collectors, construction of
swimming pools, the erection of signs,
installation of replacement windows not
involving structural modifications, the erection

of tents nor for projects which are subject to
construction control (780 CMR 1 16.0).

A construction supervisor's license is not
required for agricultural buildings which are
not open to the public or otherwise made
available for public use.
1083.53 No municipality shall be prohibited
from requiring a license for those individuals

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ADMINISTRATION

engaged in directly supervising persons
engaged in construction, reconstruction,
alteration, repair, removal or demolition in
those categories of building and structures for
which the BBRS does not require a license,
provided that those municipalities which have
established licensing requirements for
construction supervisors prior to January 1,
1975, may maintain their existing licensing
requirements.

108.3.6 Registration of Home Improvement
Contractors: In accordance with the provisions
of M.G.L. c. 142 A no home improvement
contractor, or organization or firm shall be
involved in the improvement of any existing
owner occupied one to four family residential
building unless said home improvement
contractor has registered with the BBRS in
accordance with the rules and regulations for the
registration of Home Improvement Contractors as
set forth in 780 CMR R6.

108.3.7 Certification of Inspectors of Buildings,
Building Commissioners and Local Inspectors;

The rules and regulations for the Certification of
Inspectors of Buildings, Building Commissioners
and Local Inspectors shall be as set forth in
780 CMR R7.

108.4 Enforcement: Whoever violates the
provisions of 780 CMR 108.0 or any rules and
regulations promulgated hereunder, or who falsifies
or counterfeits a license, registration or certification
issued by the BBRS, or who fraudulently issues or
accepts such a license, registration or certification
shall be punished as provided in 780 CMR 1 18.0 or
shall be subject to any other penalty provided for by
law.

780 CMR 109.0 APPROVAL

109.1 Approved materials and equipment: All

materials, equipment and devices approved by the
building official shall be constructed and installed in
accordance with such approval.

109.2 Used materials and equipment: Used
materials, equipment and devices which meet the
minimum requirements of 780 CMR for new
materials, equipment and devices shall be permitted;
however, the building official may require
satisfactory proof that such materials, equipment and
devices have been reconditioned, tested, and/or
placed in good and proper working condition prior
to approval.

109.3 Alternative materials and equipment:

109.3.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR
are not intended to limit the appropriate use or
installation of materials, appliances, equipment or
methods of design or construction not specifically

prescribed by 780 CMR, provided that any such
alternative has been approved. Alternative
materials, appliances, equipment or methods of
design or construction shall be approved when the
building official is provided acceptable proof and
has determined that said alternative is satisfactory
and complies with the intent of the provisions of
780 CMR, and that said alternative is, for the
purpose intended, at least the equivalent of that
prescribed in 780 CMR in quality, strength,
effectiveness, fire resistance, durability and
safety. Compliance with specific performance
based provisions of 780 CMR, in lieu of a
prescriptive requirement shall also be permitted as
an alternate.

109.3.2 Evidence submitted: The building
official may require that evidence or proof be
submitted to substantiate any claims that may be
made regarding the proposed alternate.

109.33 Tests: Determination of acceptance shall
be based on design or test methods or other such
standards approved by the BBRS. In the
alternative, where the BBRS has not provided
specific approvals, the building official may
accept, as supporting data to assist in this
determination, duly authenticated engineering
reports, formal reports from nationally
acknowledged testing/ listing laboratories, reports
from other accredited sources. The costs of all
tests, reports and investigations required under
these provisions shall be bome by the applicant.

109.3.4 Approval by the Construction
Materials Safety Board: The building official
may refer such matters to the Construction
Materials Safety Board in accordance with
780 CMR 123.0 for approval.

780 CMR 1 10.0 APPLICATION FOR PERMIT

110.1 Permit application: It shall be unlawful to
construct, reconstruct, alter, repair, remove or
demolish a building or structure; or to change the
use or occupancy of a building or structure; or to
install or alter any equipment for which provision is
made or the installation of which is regulated by
780 CMR without first filing a written application
with the building official and obtaining the required
permit therefor.

110.2 Temporary Structures:

110.2.1 General: A building permit shall be
required for temporary structures, unless
exempted by 780 CMR 1 10.3. Such permits shall
be limited as to time of service, but such
temporary construction shall not be permitted for
more than one year.

110.2.2 Special approval: All temporary
construction shall conform to the structural
strength, fire safety, means of egress, light,

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

ventilation, energy conservation and sanitary
requirements of 780 CMR as necessary to insure
the public health, safety and general welfare.

110 2.3 Termination of approval: The building
official may terminate such special approval and
order the demolition of any such construction at
the discretion of the building official.

1103 Exemptions: A building permit is not
required for the following activities, such exemption,
however, shall not exempt the activity from any
review or permit which may be required pursuant to
other laws, by-laws, rules and regulations of other
jurisdictions (e.g. zoning, conservation, etc.).

1 . One story detached accessory buildings used
as tool or storage sheds, playhouses and similar
uses, provided the floor area does not exceed 120
square feet.

2. Fences six feet in height or less.

3 . Retaining walls which, in the opinion of the
building official, are not a threat to the public
safety health or welfare and which retain less than
four feet of unbalanced fill.

4. Ordinary repairs as defined in 780 CMR 2.
Ordinary repairs shall not include the cutting
away of any wall, partition or portion thereof, the
removal or cutting of any structural beam, column
or other loadbearing support, or the removal or
change of any required means of egress, or
rearrangement of parts of a structure affecting the
egress requirements; nor shall ordinary repairs
include addition to, alteration of, replacement or
relocation of any standpipe, water supply,
mechanical system, fire protection system, energy
conservation system or other work affecting
public health or general safety.

5. Greenhouses: A building permit or notice to
the building official is not required for the
construction of greenhouses covered exclusively
with plastic film (in accordance with St. 1983,
c. 671). (This exemption does not apply if the
greenhouse is to be used for large assemblies of
people or uses other than normally expected for
this purpose.)

110.4 Form of application: The application for a
permit shall be submitted in such form as determined
by the building official but in all cases shall contain,
as a minimum, the information required on the
appropriate sample uniform building permit
application forms in Appendix B. The application
for a permit shall be accompanied by the required
fee as prescribed in 780 CMR 114.0 and the
construction documents as required in 780 CMR
1 10.7 and 1 10.8, where applicable and as required
by other sections of 780 CMR.

110.5 By whom application is made: Application
for a permit shall be made by the owner or lessee of
the building or structure, or agent of either. If
application is made other than by the owner, the

written authorization of the owner shall accompany
the application. Such written authorization shall be
signed by the owner and shall include a statement of
ownership and shall identify the owner's authorized
agent, or shall grant permission to the lessee to apply
for the permit. The full names and addresses of the
owner, lessee, applicant and the responsible officers,
if the owner or lessee is a corporate body, shall be
stated in the application.

Note: It shall be the responsibility of the
registered contractor to obtain all permits
necessary for work covered by the Home
Improvement Contractor Registration Law,
M.G.L. c. 142A. An owner who secures his or
her own permits for such shall be excluded from
the guaranty fund provisions as defined in M.G.L.
c. 142A. Refer to 780 CMR R6 and M.G.L.
c. 142A for additional information regarding the
Home Improvement Contractor Registration
Program.

110.6 The securing of a building permit by the
owner, or the owner's authorized agent, to construct,
reconstruct, alter, repair, demolish, remove, install
equipment or change the use or occupancy of a
building or structure, shall not be construed to
relieve or otherwise limit the duties and responsibil-
ities of the licensed, registered or certified individual
or firm under the rules and regulations governing the
issuance of such license registration or certification.

110.7 Construction documents: The application for
permit shall be accompanied by not less than three
sets of construction documents. The building
official is permitted to waive, or modify the
requirements for filing construction documents when
the building official determines that the scope of the
work is of a minor nature. When the quality of the
materials is essential for conformity to 780 CMR,
specific information shall be given to establish such
quality, and 780 CMR shall not be cited, or the term
"legal" or its equivalent used as a substitute for
specific information.

110.8 Engineering Details, Reports, Calculations,
Plans and Specifications: In the application for a
permit for buildings and structures subject to
construction control in 780 CMR 116.0, the
construction documents shall contain sufficient plans
and details to fully describe the work intended,
including, but not limited to all details sufficient to
describe the structural, fire protection, fire alarm,
mechanical, light and ventilation, energy
conservation, architectural access and egress
systems. The building official may require such
calculations, descriptions narratives and reports
deemed necessary to fully describe the basis of
design for each system regulated by 780 CMR. In
accordance with the provisions of M.G.L. c. 143,
§ 54A all plans and specifications shall bear the
original seal and original signature of a

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

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.DING REGULATIONS AND STAT JRDS

DEFINITIONS

release characteristics, where the top storage
is greater than six feet in height

Buttress: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Cellar: that portion of a building which is partly
or completely below grade and having at least Vi
its height below grade.

Cementitious material: See 780 CMR 1902.0.

Central Station, Central Station Fire Alarm Systen
and Central Station Services: See NFPA 72, as
listed in Appendiz A.

Certificate of approval: A written document from
the appropriate code official approving an
action, type of material, and the like.

Certificate of use and occupancy: The certificate
issued by the code official which permits the use
of a building in accordance with the approved
plans and specifications which certifies
compliance with provisions of law for the use
and occupancy of the building in its several parts
together with any special stipulations or
conditions of the building permit

Certification: Any manufactured building or
building component that meets the provisions of
780 CMR 35 and the rules and regulations
pursuant thereto and which has been labeled
accordingly. See also 780 CMR R7 for the
certification of Building Code Enforcement
Officials

Change of use: An alteration by change of use in
a building heretofore existing to a new use group
which imposes other special provisions of law
governing building construction, equipment or
means of egress.

Child day care center: Any facility operated on a
regular basis whether known as a day nursery,
nursery school, kindergarten, child play school,
progressive school child development center, or
preschool, or known under any other name,
which receives children not of common
parentage under seven years of age or under 16
years of age if such children have special needs
for non-residential custody and care during part
or all of the day separated from their parents.
Child day care centers shall not include: any
part of a public school system; any part of a
private, organized educational system unless the
services of such a system are primarily limited to
a kindergarten, nursery or related preschool
services; a Sunday school conducted by a
religious institution; a facility operated by
religious organization where children are cared
for during short periods of time while persons

responsible for such children are attending
religious services; a family day care home, as
defined by M.G.L. c. 28 A, § 9; an informal
cooperative arrangement among neighbors or
relatives; or the occasional care of children with
or without compensation therefor.

Chimney: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Chimney, masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Closed system: See 780 CMR 307.2.

CMR: Code of Massachusetts Regulations;
Appendix A contains a listing of various CMR's
for Massachusetts specialized codes.

Code official: See "Building Code Enforcement
Official".

Combination of municipalities: Any two or more
cities and/or towns who have agreed to combine
in order to share costs necessary for the
administration and enforcement of 780 CMR in
said cities and/or towns.

CoUar joint: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Combustible dusts: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Combustible fibers: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Combustible liquids: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Combustible material: A combustible material is a
material which cannot be classified as non-
combustible in accordance with 780 CMR
704.4.1.1.

Compliance assurance program: The system,
documentation and methods for assuring that
manufactured buildings, building components,
building systems and manufactured homes,
including their manufacture, storage transporta-
tion and assembly, and handling and installa-
tion, conform with 780 CMR 35 and the rules
and regulations promulgated pursuant thereto.

Common path of travel: See 780 CMR 1002.0.

Compressed gas: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Concrete: See 780 CMR 1902.0.

Concrete, reinforced: See 780 CMR 1902.0.

Connector: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Construction documents: All of the written,
graphic and pictorial documents prepared or
assembled for describing the design, location and

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

physical characteristics of the elements of the
project necessary for obtaining a building permit.
The construction drawings shall be drawn to an
appropriate scale.

Construction, type of: See 780 CMR 602.0.
Type 1: See 780 CMR 603.0.
Type 2: See 780 CMR 603.0.
Type 3: See 780 CMR 604.0.
Type 4: See 780 CMR 605.0.
Type 5: See 780 CMR 606.0

Control area: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Corridor: See 780 CMR 1002.0.

Corrosive: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Court: See 780 CMR 1202.0.
Inner: See 780 CMR 1202.0.
Outer: See 780 CMR 1202.0.

Court width: See 780 CMR 1202.0.

Cryogenic liquids (flammable or oxidizing): See

780 CMR 307.2.

Curb level: See 780 CMR 3203.2.
Building or wall height: See 780 CMR 3203.2.

Damper, fire: See 780 CMR 702.0.

Day care center (child): See "Child day care
center".

Deflagration: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Deluge system: See 780 CMR 902.0.

Department- (DPS): The Department of Public
Safety, Division of Inspection.

Design earthquake: See 780 CMR 1612.3.

Designated seismic systems: See 780 CMR 1612.3.

Detached storage building: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Detector, heat: See 780 CMR 902.0.

Detector, smoke: See 780 CMR 902.0.

Detonation: See 780 CMR 307.2.

of Massachusetts, and shall be used to treat
individuals acceptable to the program in
accordance with 1 05 CMR 1 60. 000.

Diaphragm: See 780 CMR 1612.3, 2102.0 and
2306.2.

Dimensions, nominal: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Dispensing: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Door assembly, fire: See 780 CMR 702.0.

Door, fire: See 780 CMR 702.0.

DPS: See "Department".

Draftstopping: See 780 CMR 702.0.

Dumbwaiter: See 780 CMR 30.

Dwellings

Boarding house: See 780 CMR 310.2.

Dormitory: See 780 CMR 310.2.

Dwelling unit: See 780 CMR 310.2.

Hotel: See 780 CMR 3 10.2.

Motel: See 780 CMR 310.2.

Multiple-family dwelling: See 780 CMR 3 10.2.

Multiple single-family dwelling: See 780 CMR

310.2.

One-family dwelling: See 780 CMR 310.2.

Two-family dwelling: See 780 CMR 310.2.

Effective height: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Elevator: 780 CMR 30 and 524 CMR.
Freight elevator: See 524 CMR 17.00
Hand elevator: See 524 CMR 18.00
Hydraulic elevator: See 524CMR
Passenger elevator: See 524CMR 17.00
Power elevator: See 524CMR.
Sidewalk elevator: See 524CMR 20.00

Elevator repairs: 780 CMR 30 and 524 CMR.

Emergency control station: See 780 CMR 416.2.

Equipment, existing: Any equipment regulated by
780 CMR which was legally installed prior to the
effective date of 780 CMR, or for which a permit
to install has been issued.

Escalator: 780 CMR 30 and 524 CMR.

Detoxification facility: A facility licensed or Exit: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
operated by the Department of Public Health,

Division of Alcoholism in accordance with Exit access: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
105 CMR 160.000: Acute Care Inpatient

Substance Abuse Detoxification Treatment Exit discharge: See 780 CMR 1002.0.
Services issued by the Department of Public
Health, Division of Alcoholism, Commonwealth Exit discharge, level of: See 780 CMR 1002.0

780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780: CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

DEFINITIONS

Dead load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Duration of load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Earthquake load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Impact load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Internal load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Lateral soil load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Live load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.
Wind load: See 780 CMR 1602.0.

Loadbearing wall system: See 780 CMR 1612.3.

Local enforcement agency: A department or
agency in a municipality charged with the
enforcement of 780 CMR and appropriate
specialized codes which include, but are not
limited to, 248 CMR: The State Plumbing and
Gas Fitting Code, and 527 CMR 12. 00: the State
Electrical Code.

Local inspector: A person in the municipality who
assists the building commissioner or inspector of
buildings in the performance of his or her duties
and is charged with the enforcement of
780 CMR All local inspectors shall meet or
exceed the minimum qualifications defined by
M.G.L. c 143, § 3 and shall be certified in
accordance with 780 CMR R7.

Lot: A portion or parcel of land considered as a unit.

Lot, corner: A lot with two adjacent sides abutting
upon streets or other public spaces.

Lot, interior: A lot which faces on one street or with
opposite sides on two streets.

Lot line: A line dividing one lot from another, or
from a street or any public place.

Lot line, interior: Any lot line other than one
adjoining a street or public space.

Lot line, street: The lot line dividing a lot from a
street or other public way.

Main windforce-resisting system: See 780 CMR

16.

request of the manufacturer.

Masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Ashlar facing masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Ashlar masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Solid masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Masonry unit

Clay: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Concrete: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Hollow: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Solid: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Means of egress: See 780 CMR 1002.0.

Member:

Primary: See 780 CMR 1902.0.
Secondary: See 780 CMR 1902.0.

Membrane: See 780 CMR 3103.2.

Membrane structures:

Air-inflated structure: See 780 CMR 3103.2.

Air-supported structure: See 780 CMR 3 103.2.

Double skin: See 780 CMR 3 103.2.

Single skin: See 780 CMR 3103.2.

Cable-restrained, air-supported structure: See

780 CMR 3 103.2.

Membrane-covered cable structure: See

780 CMR 3 103.2.

Membrane-covered frame structure: See

780 CMR 3103.2.

Noncombustible membrane structure: See

780 CMR 3 103.2.

Tent: See 780 CMR 3103.2.

Mezzanine: See 780 CMR 502.0.

Mobile home: A structure transportable in one or
more sections, which is eight body feet or more
in width and is 32 body feet or more in length,
and which is built on a permanent chassis, and
designed to be used as a dwelling with
permanent foundation, when connected to the
required facilities, and includes the plumbing,
heating, air-conditioning and electrical systems
contained therein.

Mall: See 780 CMR 402.2.

Mall building, covered: See 780 CMR 402.2.

Manufactured building: Any building which has
concealed elements, such as electrical,
mechanical, plumbing, fire protection,
insulation and other systems affecting health
and safety, and which is manufactured and
assembled in manufacturing facilities, on or off
the building site. Also, any building as defined
above which does not have concealed elements,
but which has been approved by the BBRS at the

Mortar: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Mortar, surface-bonding: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Moving walk: See 780 CMR 30.

Native lumber: Native lumber is wood processed in
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts by a mill
registered in accordance with 780 CMR R4.
Such wood is ungraded but is stamped or
certified in accordance with the requirements of
780 CMR R4. For the purpose of this definition,
native lumber shall be restricted to the use in

2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

one- and two-story dwellings, barns, sheds,
agricultural and accessory buildings and other
structures when permitted by 780 CMR R4.

Nominal dimension

Lumber: See 780 CMR 2302.0.

Noncombustible: This is a general, relative term. Its
precise meaning is defined in 780 CMR for
specific applications.

Noncombustible building material: See 780 CMR

704.4.1.1

Occupancy: The purpose for which a building or
portion thereof is used.

Occupancy, change of: A change in the purpose or
level of activity within a structure that involves a
change in application of the requirements of
780 CMR.

Occupant load: See 780 CMR 1002.0.

Occupiable space: See 780 CMR 1202.0.

Occupied: As applied to a building, shall be
construed as though followed by the words "or
intended, arranged or designed to be occupied."

Official Interpretation: A written interpretation of
any provision of 780 CMR, or to its referenced
standards listed in Appendix A, except
specialized codes, made by the BBRS, under
authority of M.G.L. c 143, § 94(e), or by the
State Building Code Appeals Board under
authority of M.G.L. c. 143, § 100.

Open system: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Organic peroxide: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Oriel window: See 780 CMR 3203.2.

Owner: Every person who alone or jointly or
severally with others (a) has legal title to any
building or structure; or (b) has care, charge, or
control of any building or structure in any
capacity including but not limited to agent,
executor, executrix, administrator, administra-
trix, trustee or guardian of the estate of the
holder of legal title; or (c) lessee under a written
letter agreement; or (d) mortgagee in possession;
or (e) agent, trustee or other person appointed by
the courts. Each such person is bound to comply
with the provisions of 780 CMR.

Oxidizer: See 780 CMR 307.2.

P-Delta effect: See 780 CMR 1612.3.

Panel (part of a structure): See 780 CMR 1602.0.

Particleboard: See 780 CMR 2302.1.

Penthouse: See 780 CMR 1502.1.

Permit: An official document or certificate issued by
the authority having jurisdiction which authorizes
performance of a specified activity (see 780 CMR
111.1).

Person: Includes a corporation, firm, partnership,
association, organization and any other group
acting as a unit as well as individuals. It shall
also include an executor, administrator, trustee,
receiver or other representative appointed accord-
ing to law. Whenever the word "person" is used in
any section of 780 CMR prescribing a penalty or
fine, as to partnerships or associations, the word
shall include the partners or members thereof, and
as to corporations, shall include the officer, agent
or members thereof who are responsible for any
violation of such section..

Physical hazard: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Physically disabled person: See 780 CMR 11.

Place of assembly: A room or space accommoda-
ting 50 or more individuals for religious, recrea-
tional, educational, political, social or amuse-
ment purposes, or for the consumption of food
or drink, including all connected rooms or space
with a common means of egress and entrance.

Place of outdoor assembly: Premises used or
intended to be used for public gatherings of 200
or more individuals in other than buildings.

Plastic
Light-diffusing system: See 780 CMR 2602.0.
Plastic glazing: See 780 CMR 2602.0.
Plastic roof panels: See 780 CMR 2602.0.
Plastic wall panels: See 780 CMR 2602.0.
Reinforced plastic, glass fiber: See 780 CMR
2602.0.

Thermoplastic material: See 780 CMR 2602.0.
Thermosetting material: See 780 CMR 2602.0.

Platform: See 780 CMR 412.2.

Plenum: An enclosed portion of the building
structure, so designed to allow the movement of air,
that forms part of an air distribution system. See
BOCA National Mechanical Code listed in
Appendix A.

Pools, swimming, hot tubs and spas

Above-ground/on-ground pool: See 780 CMR

421.2.

Barrier: See 780 CMR 421.2.

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780: CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

DEFINITIONS
Roof covering: See 780 CMR 1502.0.
Roof structure: See 780 CMR 1502.0.

Hot tub: See 780 CMR 421.2.
In-ground pool: See 780 CMR 421.2.

Private swimming pool: See 780 CMR 421.2.

Private swimming pool, indoor: See 780 CMR Rubble masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

421.2.

Private swimming pool, outdoor: See 780 CMR

421.2.

Coursed rubble: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Random rubble: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Rough or ordinary rubble: See 780 CMR

2102.0.

Public swimming pool:

Public outdoor inground swimming pool, Semi- Running bond: See 780 CMR 2 1 02.0
public outdoor inground swimming pool: See

780 CMR 421.2.

Spa: See 780 CMR 421.2.

Preaction system: See 780 CMR 902.0.

Premises: A lot, plot or parcel of land, including any
structure thereon.

Seismic-resisting system: See 780 CMR 1612.3
Self-closing: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Sensitizer: See 780 CMR 307.2.
Service passage, HPM: See 780 CMR 416.2.

Preservative treatment (treated material): See Shaft: See 780 CMR 702.0.
780 CMR 2302.0.

Protected construction: See 780 CMR 702.0..

Public way: See 780 CMR 1002.0.

Pyrophoric: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Radioactive material: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Registered design professional: An architect or
engineer registered or licensed to practice
professional architecture or engineering, as
defined by the statutory requirements of the
professional registration laws of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

Shall: The term, where used in 780 CMR, shall be
construed as mandatory.

Shear wall: See 780 CMR 1612.3.

Sign: See 780 CMR 3102.2.

Closed sign: See 780 CMR 3102.2.
Ground sign: See 780 CMR 3102.2.
Marquee sign: See 780 CMR 3102.2.
Open sign: See 780 CMR 3102.2.
Portable sign: See 780 CMR 3102.2.
Projecting sign: See 780 CMR 3102.2.
Roof sign: See 780 CMR 3102.2.
Temporary sign: See 780 CMR 3102.2.
Wall sign: See 780 CMR 3102.2.

Repair: The reconstruction or renewal of any part of Single membrane penetration: See 780 CMR

an existing structure for the purpose of its 702.0.

maintenance.

Site: A parcel of land bounded by a lot line or a
Repairs, ordinary: Any maintenance which does designated portion of a public right-of-way.

not affect the structure, egress, fire protection

systems, fire ratings, energy conservation Slidescape: See 780 CMR 1002.0.

provisions, plumbing, sanitary, gas, electrical or

other utilities. A building permit is not required Smoke barrier: See 780 CMR 702.0.

for ordinary repairs.

Smoke compartment: See 780 CMR 702.0..

Smoke detector, multiple station: See 780 CMR

902.0.

Smoke detector, single station: See 780 CMR

902.0.

Smokeproof enclosure: See 780 CMR 1002.0.

Specialized code: All building codes, rules or
regulations pertaining to building construction,
reconstruction, alteration, repair or demolition

Required: Shall be construed to be mandatory by
provisions of 780 CMR.

Resilient stable-mounting system: See 780 CMR

1612.3.

Restraining device: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Elastic: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Fixed: See 780 CMR 1612.3.
Seismic activated: See 780 CMR 1612.3.

Roof: See 780 CMR 1502.0.
12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

promulgated by and under the authority of the HPM inside room: See 780 CMR 416.2.

various agencies which have been authorized

from time to time by the General Court of the Story: See 780 CMR 502.0.
Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

Sprinkler: See 780 CMR 902.0

Sprinkler system, automatic: See 780 CMR 902.0.

Sprinkler system, limited area: See 780 CMR

902.0.

Stack bond: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Stage: See 780 CMR 412.2.

Stage, legitimate: See 780 CMR 412.2.

Stage, regular: See 780 CMR 412.2.

Stage, thrust: See 780 CMR 412.2.

Stairway: See 780 CMR 1002.0.

Standpipe system: See 780 CMR 902.0.

State Building Code: The Massachusetts State
Building Code and amendments and rules and
regulations thereto as promulgated by the State
Board of Building Regulations and Standards,
under M.G.L. c 143 §§ 93 through 100.

Story above grade: See 780 CMR 502.0.

Story drift ratio: See 780 CMR 1612.3.

Story shear: See 780 CMR 1612.3.

Street: A public thoroughfare (such as a street,
avenue or boulevard) which has been dedicated
for public use.

Structure: A combination of materials assembled at
a fixed location to give support or shelter, such as
a building, framework, retaining wall, tent,
reviewing stand, platform, bin, fences over six
feet high, sign, flagpole, recreational tramway,
mast for radio antenna, or the like. The word
"structure" shall be construed, where the context
requires, as though followed by the words, "or
part or parts thereof."

Structure, existing: A structure erected prior to the
date of adoption of the appropriate code or one for
which a legal building permit has been issued.
See 780 CMR 34 for further information
regarding existing buildings.

Supervisory device: See 780 CMR 902.0.

State Inspector: An employee of the Division of Through-penetration protection system: See
Inspection, State Department of Public Safety, 780 CMR 702.0.

who is charged with administrating and

enforcing 780 CMR relative to any structure or Tie, wall: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
building or parts thereof that are owned by the

Commonwealth or any departments, Tile: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
commissions, agencies or authorities of the

Commonwealth. The state inspector is also Tile, structural clay: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
charged with supervising the enforcement of

780 CMR relative to all buildings and structures Tires, bulk storage of: See 780 CMR 307.2.
other than those owned by the Commonwealth.

See also 780 CMR 107.0.

Steel construction, cold-formed: See 780 CMR

2202.0.

Steel joist: See 780 CMR 2202.0.
Steel member, structural: See 780 CMR 2202.0.
Stone masonry: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Stone masonry, ashlar: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Stone masonry, rubble: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Storage room, HPM, separate inside: See

780 CMR 416.2.

HPM cutoff room: See 780 CMR 416.2.

Travel Trailer: A vehicular, portable structure
built on a chassis and designed to be used for
temporary occupancy for travel, recreational or
vocational use; with the manufacturer's
permanent identification ~ "Travel Trailer,"
thereon; and when factory equipped for the
road, being of any length provided its gross
weight does not exceed 4500 pounds, or being of
any weight provided its overall length does not
exceed 28 feet

Use group: The classification of an occupancy in
accordance with 780 CMR 302. 1 .

Vapor retarder: See 780 CMR 1202.0.

Ventilation: See 780 CMR 1202.0.

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780: CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

DEFINITIONS

Vertical opening: See 780 CMR 702.0.

Voice/alarm signaling system: See 780 CMR
902.0.

Wall

Apron wall: See 780 CMR 1402.0.
Cavity wall: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Composite wall: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Dry-stacked, surface-bonded walls: See
780 CMR 2 102.0.
Faced wall: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Fire separation wall: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Fire wall: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Foundation wall: See 780 CMR 1812.2.
Hollow wall: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Loadbearing wall: See 780 CMR 1602.1.
Nonloadbearing wall: See 780 CMR 1602.1.
Parapet wall: See 780 CMR 2102.0.
Party wall: See 780 CMR 702.0.
Retaining wall: See 780 CMR 1812.2.
Skeleton or panel wall: See 780 CMR 1402.0.
Spandrel wall: See 780 CMR 1402.0.
Veneered Wall: See 780 CMR 1402.0

Water-reactive materials: See 780 CMR 307.2.

Water supply, automatic: See 780 CMR 902.0.

Winder: See 780 CMR 1002.0.

Wood shear panel: See 780 CMR 2304.2.

Writing (written): The term shall be construed to
include hand-writing, typewriting, printing, photo
offset or any other form of reproduction in legible
symbols or characters.

Written notice: A notification in writing delivered
in person to the individual or parties intended;
or delivered at, or sent by certified or registered
mail to the last residential or business address of
legal record.

Wythe: See 780 CMR 2102.0.

Yard: See 780 CMR 1202.0.

Zoning: The reservation of certain specified areas
within a community or city for buildings and
structures, or use of land, for certain purposes
with other limitations such as height, lot coverage
and other stipulated requirements. (See M.G.L.
c. 40A and St. 1956, c. 665, as amended.)

1 2/ 1 2/97 (Effective 8/2 8/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

NON-TEXT PAGE

46 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

CHAPTER 3

USE OR OCCUPANCY

780 CMR 301.0 GENERAL

301.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 3 shall
control the classification of all buildings and
structures as to use group.

301.2 Application of other laws: The provisions of
780 CMR 3 shall not be deemed to nullify any
provisions of the zoning law, ordinance of any
municipality in the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts, or any other statute of the
jurisdiction pertaining to the location or occupancy
of buildings, except as is specifically required by the
provisions of 780 CMR

780 CMR 302.0 CLASSIFICATION
302.1 General: All structures shall be classified
with respect to occupancy in one or more of the use
groups listed below. Where a structure is proposed
for a purpose which is not specifically provided for
in 780 CMR such structure shall be classified in the
use group which the occupancy most nearly
resembles.

1. Assembly: Use Groups A-l, A-2,
(see 780 CMR 303.0) A-3, A-4 and A-5

2. Business: Use Group B
(see 780 CMR 304.0)

3. Educational: Use Group E

(see 780 CMR 305.0)

4. Factory and Industrial: Use Groups F-l and F-2

(see 780 CMR 306.0)

5. High Hazard Use Groups H-l, H-2,
(see 780 CMR 307.0): H-3 and H-4

6. Institutional: Use Groups 1-1, 1-2 and
(see 780 CMR 308.0) 1-3

7. Mercantile: Use Group M

(see 780 CMR 309.0)

8. Residential: Use Groups R-l, R-2, R-

(see 780 CMR 3 10.0) 3,R-4andi?-5

9. Storage: Use Groups S-l and S-2
(see 780 CMR 3 11.0)

10. Utility and Miscellane- Use Group U
ous (see 780 CMR 3 12.0)

302.1.1 Specific occupancy areas: Specific
occupancy areas which are incidental to the main
use group shall be separated and protected in
accordance with Table 302.1.1 and shall be
classified in accordance with the main use group
of the portion of the building in which the specific
occupancy area is located. Where the building, or
portion thereof, containing the specific occupancy
area is required to be protected with an automatic
fire suppression system, the separation alternative
of Table 302.1.1 shall not apply.

Exception: Specific occupancy areas within
and serving a dwelling unit are not required to

comply with 780 CMR 302. 1 . 1 .

Table 302.1.1
SPECIFIC OCCUPANCY AREAS

Room or area

Separation /protection

AU use groups:

Paint shops in occupancies oth-
er than Use Group F employ-
ing hazardous materials in
quantities less than those which
cause classification as Use
Group H

Waste and soiled linen collec-
tion rooms and <hute term-
ination rooms
Waste and soiled linen chute

access rooms
Boiler and iumace rooms

2 hours: or 1 hour and
automatic fire sup-
pression system

1 hour and automatic fire

1 hour

Incinerator rooms

Use Groups A. B. E. 1-1 , R-l ,
R-2:

Storage rooms more than 50
square feet in area but not
more than 1 00 square feet in
area
Storage rooms more than
100 square feet in area

Physical plant maintenance
shop and workshop

Use Groups 1-2, 1-3:
Boiler and furnace rooms
Handicraft shops, kitchens,
and employee locker rooms

Laundries greater than 1 00

square feet in area
Storage rooms more than 50

square feet in area bnt not
.morethan WOsquarefeetin

area
Storage rooms more than 1 00

square feet in area
Physical plant maintenance

shop and -workshop^ :
Use Group 1-2:

Gift/retail shops and laborator-
ies employing hazardous
quantities less than those which
cause classification as Use
Group H

Use Group 1-3 padded cells

1 hour; or automatic fire

suppression system

2 hours and automatic fire

suppression system

1 hour, or automatic fire
suppression system
with smoke partitions

Automatic fire suppres-
sion system with smoke
partitions
2 hours; or 1 hour and au-
tomatic fire suppression
system

1 hour and automatic fire
suppression system

1 hour, or automatic fire
suppression system with
smoke, partitions

I hour and automatic fire
suppression system

Automatic fire suppres-
sion system with, smoke
-'partitions' .

Lhour and automatic fire

suppression system
1 hour and automatic fire
; suppression system

1 hour, or automatic fire
suppression system with
smoke partitions

1 hour and automatic fire

svstem

Note a. For requirements for fireresistance rated
separations and smoke partitions see 780 CMR 302. ! . ! . ! .
Note b. 1 square foot = 0.093 m~

9/19/97 (Effective 2/2S/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

302.1.1.1 Separation: Where Table 302.1.1
requires a fireresistance rated separation, the
specific occupancy area shall be separated from
the remainder of the building with fire
separation assemblies (see 780 CMR 709.0).
Where Table 302.1.1 requires smoke partitions,
the smoke partitions shall be constructed of
materials consistent with the type of
construction and shall be capable of resisting
the passage of smoke. The smoke partitions
shall extend from the floor to the underside of
the fireresistance rated floor/ceiling or
roof/ceiling assembly or to the underside of the
floor or roof deck above. All doors shall be self-
closing or automatic-closing upon detection of
smoke.

302.1.2 Accessory areas: Except for accessory

areas of Use Group H in accordance with

780 CMR 302.1.2.1 and specific occupancy areas

indicated in 780 CMR 302.1.1, where the area

devoted to an accessory occupancy does not

occupy more than 10% of say fire area nor more

than 10% of the allowable area permitted by

780 CMR 503.0 based on the accessory use group,

a fire separation assembly shall not be required

between the main use group and accessory areas.

The required type of construction and the

automatic fire suppression requirements in

780 CMR 904.0 shall be based on the main use

group of the fire area.

302.1.2.1 High-hazard uses: In buildings that

are three stories or less in height and equipped

throughout with an automatic suppression

system in accordance with 780 CMR 9, an

occupancy in Use Group F or S is permitted to

have accessory areas of Use Group H-2, H-3 or

H-4, provided that such areas do not occupy

more than 10% of any fire area nor more than

10% of the allowable area permitted by

780 CMR 503.0 based on the use group of the

accessory area. Afire separation assembly shall

not be required between the F or S use group

and the accessory H use group. The maximum

quantity of hazardous materials within the

accessory H use group shall not exceed twice

the permitted exempt amount specified in Table

307.8(1) or Table 307.8(2). The required type of

construction shall be based on the main use

group of the fire area.

302.2 Mixed use: All buildings and structures that
include more than one use group shall be further
designated as a mixed use and shall comply with
780 CMR 313.0. Specific occupancy areas and
accessory areas complying with 780 CMR 302.1.1
and 302.1.2, respectively, shall be classified in
accordance with the main use group.

780 CMR 303.0 ASSEMBLY USE
GROUPS

303.1 General: All structures which are designed or
occupied for the gathering together of persons for
purposes such as civic, social or religious functions,
recreation, food or drink consumption or awaiting
transportation, shall be classified as Use Group A-l,
A-2, A-3, A-4 or A-5. A room or space used for
assembly purposes by less than 50 persons and
which is accessory to another use group shall be
included as a part of that main use group. Other
buildings or structures which accomodate less than
50 but would otherwise qualify as places of
assembly, shall be classified in Use Group B. The
term "Use Group A" shall include Use Groups A-l,
A-2, A-3, A-4 and A-5.

303.2 Use Group A-l, theaters: This use group
shall include all theaters and all other buildings and
structures intended for the production and viewing
of performing arts or motion pictures; and which are
usually provided with fixed seats-including theaters,
motion picture theaters and television and radio
studios admitting an audience. Stages and platforms
shall comply with 780 CMR 412.0.

3033 Use Group A-2 structures: This use group
shall include all buildings and places of public
assembly, without theatrical stage accessories,
designed for occupancy as dance halls, nightclubs
and for similar purposes, including all rooms,
lobbies and other spaces connected thereto with a
common means of egress and entrance.

303.4 Use Group A-3 structures: This use group
shall include all buildings with or without an
auditorium in which persons assemble for
amusement, entertainment or recreation purposes as
well as incidental motion picture, dramatic or
theatrical presentations, lectures or other similar
purposes without theatrical stage other than a raised
platform; and which are principally occupied
without permanent seating facilities, including art
galleries, exhibition halls, museums, lecture halls,
libraries, restaurants other than nightclubs, and rec-
reation centers; and buildings designed for similar
assembly purposes, including passenger terminals.

303.5 Use Group A-4 structures: This use group
shall include all buildings and structures which are
occupied exclusively for the purpose of worship or
other religious services.

303.6 Use Group A-5, outdoor assembly: This use
group shall include structures utilized for outdoor
assembly intended for participation in or reviewing
activities, including grandstands (780 CMR 1013.0),
bleachers (780 CMR 1013.0), coliseums, stadiums,
amusement park structures (780 CMR 413.0) and
fair or carnival structures. Such structures shall
comply with all pertinent provisions of 780 CMR.

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

USE OR OCCUPANCY

780 CMR 304.0 BUSINESS USE GROUP

304.1 General: All buildings and structures which
are occupied for the transaction of business, for the
rendering of professional services, or for other
services that involve stocks of goods, wares or
merchandise in limited quantities which are
incidental to office occupancies or sample purposes,
shall be classified as Use Group B. (Also see
780 CMR 303.1.)

304.2 List of business occupancies: The

occupancies listed in Table 304.2 are indicative of
and shall be classified as Use Group B.

Table 304.2
BUSINESS OCCUPANCIES

Airport traffic control

towers

Animal hospitals, kennels,

pounds
Automobile and other
motor vehicle showrooms
Banks

Barber shops
Beauty shops
Car wash

Civic administration
Clinic, outpatient
Dry-cleaning; pickup and

delivery stations and

self-service
Electronic data processing

Fire stations
Florists and nurseries
Laboratories; testing and

research
Laundries; pickup and

delivery stations and

self-service
Police stations
Post offices
Print shops

Professional services; attor-
ney, dentist, physician,

engineer, etc.
Radio and television

stations
Telecommunications

equipment building

780 CMR 305.0 EDUCATIONAL USE
GROUP

305.1 General: All structures other than those
occupied for business training or vocational training,
which accommodate more than five persons for
educational purposes through the 12th grade, shall
be classified as Use Group E.

Exception: A room or space occupied for
educational purposes by less than 50 persons, five
years of age or more, and which is accessory to
another use group shall be classified as a part of
the main use group.

305.1.1 Day care facilities: A child day care
center which provides care for children more
than two years nine months shall be classified as
use Group E.

305.2 Business or vocational training: Structures
occupied for business training or vocational training
shall be classified in the same use group as the
business or vocation taught.

780 CMR 306.0 FACTORY AND
INDUSTRIAL USE GROUPS
306.1 General: All structures in which occupants
are engaged in work or labor in the fabricating,
assembling or processing of products or materials,
shall be classified as Use Group F-l or F-2. This
includes, among others, factories, assembling plants,

industrial laboratories and all other industrial and
manufacturing occupancies. The term "Use Group
F" shall include Use Groups F-l and F-2.

306.2 Use Group F-l structures: Factory and
industrial occupancies which are not otherwise
classified as low-hazard, Use Group F-2, shall be
classified as a moderate-hazard factory and
industrial occupancy, Use Group F-l. The
manufacturing processes listed in Table 306.2 are
indicative of and shall be classified as Use Group F-
1.

Table 306.2

MODERATE-HAZARD FACTORY AND

INDUSTRIAL OCCUPANCIES

Aircraft

Appliances

Athletic equipment

Automobiles and other motor
vehicles

Bakeries

Beverages, alcoholic

Bicycles

Boat building

Boiler works

Brooms or brushes

Business machines

Cameras and photo equipment

Canneries, including food
products

Clothing

Condensed and powdered
milk manufacture

Construction and agricultural
machinery

Disinfectants

Dry cleaning using other than
flammable liquids in clean-
ing or dyeing operations or
other than classified in 780
CMR 307.0

Electric light plants and

power houses

Electrolytic reducing works

Electronics

Engines, including rebuilding

Film, photographic

Food processing

Furniture

Hemp and jute products

Laundries

Leather and tanneries, ex-
cluding enameling or
japanning

Machinery

Millwork and woodworking,
wood distillation

Motion picture and television
filming

Musical instruments

Optical goods

Paper mills or products

Plastic products

Printing or publishing

Recreational vehicles

Refuse incinerators

Shoes

Soaps and detergents

Sugar refineries

Textile mills, including
canvas, cotton, cloth,
bagging, burlap, carpets
and rags

Tobacco

Trailers

Upholstery and manufacturing
shops

3063 Use Group F-2 structures: Factory and
industrial occupancies which involve the fabrication
or manufacturing of noncombustible materials that,
during finishing, packing or processing, do not
contribute to a significant fire hazard, shall be
classified as Use Group F-2. The manufacturing
processes listed in Table 306.3 are indicative of and
shall be classified as Use Group F-2.

Table 306.3

LOW-HAZARD FACTORY AND

INDUSTRIAL OCCUPANCIES

Beverages, nonalcoholic

Brick and masonry

Ceramic products

Foundries

Glass products

Gypsum

Ice

Metal fabrication and

assembly
Water pumping plants

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

780 CMR 307.0 HIGH-HAZARD USE
GROUPS

307.1 General: All structures which are occupied
for the manufacturing, processing, generation,
storage or other use of hazardous materials in
excess of the exempt quantities specified in
780 CMR 307.8 shall be classified as Use Group H-
1, H-2, H-3 or H-4 in accordance with the hazards
presented by each material as described in 780 CMR
307.3 through 307.6. The term "Use Group H" shall
include Use Groups H-l, H-2, H-3 and H-4.

307.1.1 Information required: Separate floor
plans shall be submitted for buildings and
structures with an occupancy in Use Group H
identifying the locations of anticipated contents
and processes so as to reflect the nature of each
occupied portion of every building and structure.
A report identifying all hazardous materials
including, but not limited to, materials of Use
Group H to be stored or utilized, shall be
submitted and the methods of protection from
such hazards shall be indicated on the
construction documents.

307.2 Definitions: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 3 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings shown
herein.

Aerosol: A product that is dispensed from an
aerosol container by a propellant.

Aerosol container: Metal cans, glass or plastic
bottles designed to dispense an aerosol. Metal
cans shall be limited to a maximum size of 33.8
fluid ounces (1000 ml). Glass or plastic bottles
shall be limited to a maximum size of four fluid
ounces (118 ml).

Barricade: A structure that consists of a
combination of walls, floor and roof, which is
designed to withstand the rapid release of energy
in an explosion and which is fully confined,
partially vented or fully vented; or other effective
method of shielding from explosive materials by
a natural or artificial barrier.

Boiling point: The temperature at which the vapor
pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric
pressure of 14.7 pounds per square inch (psia) or
760 mm of mercury. Where an accurate boiling
point is unavailable for the material in question,
or for mixtures which do not have a constant
boiling point, for the purposes of this
classification, the 10% of a distillation performed
in accordance with ASTM D86 listed in
Appendix A shall be used as the boiling point of
the liquid.

Closed system: The use of a solid or liquid

hazardous material in a closed vessel or system
that remains closed during normal operations
where vapors emitted by the product are not
liberated outside of the vessel or system and the
product is not exposed to the atmosphere during
normal operations; and all uses of compressed
gases. Examples of closed systems for solids and
liquids include product conveyed through a piping
system into a closed vessel, system or piece of
equipment.

Combustible dusts: Dusts and any similar solid
material sufficiently comminuted for suspension
in still air which, when so suspended, is capable
of self-sustained combustion.

Combustible fibers: Includes readily ignitable and
free-burning fibers such as cotton, sisal,
henequen, jute, hemp, tow, cocoa fiber, oakum,
baled waste, baled wastepaper, kapok, hay, straw,
excelsior, Spanish moss and other like material.

Combustible liquids: Any liquids having a flash
point at or above 100°F (38°C) shall be known as
Class II or HI liquids. Combustible liquids shall
be divided into the following classifications:

Class II: Liquids having flash points at or above
100°F (38°C) and below 140°F (60°C).

Class niA: Liquids having flash points at or above
140°F (60°C) and below 200°F (93 °C).

Class D3B: Liquids having flashpoints at or above
200°F(93°C).

Compressed gas: A gas or mixture of gases as
contained having an absolute pressure exceeding
40 psi at 70 °F (276 kPa at 21°C) or, regardless of
the pressure at 70 °F (21 °C), having an absolute
pressure exceeding 140 psi at 130°F (965 kPa at
54 C C); or any liquid material having a vapor
pressure exceeding 40 psi absolute at 100°F (276
kPa at 38 °C) as determined by ASTM D323 listed
in Appendix A

Control area: Spaces within a building which are
enclosed and bounded by exterior walls, fire
walls, fire separation assemblies and roofs, or a
combination thereof, where quantities of
hazardous materials not exceeding the exempt
amounts are stored, dispensed, used or handled.

Corrosive: A chemical that causes visible
destruction of, or irreversible alterations in, living
tissue at the point of contact. A chemical shall be
considered a corrosive if, when tested on the
intact skin of albino rabbits by the test method
described by DOTn 49 CFR; Part 173 listed in
Appendix A, such chemical destroys or changes
irreversibly the structure of the tissue at the point

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY

except if the panel or sign is vertical, the height
shall not exceed 96 inches (2438 mm) and the
width shall not exceed 36 inches (914 mm).

402.143 Location: The panels and signs shall be
located a minimum distance of 18 inches (457
mm) from adjacent tenants.

402.14.4 Encasement: All edges and the backs
shall be fully encased in metal.

402.15 Kiosks: Kiosks and similar structures
(temporary or permanent) shall meet the
requirements of 780 CMR 402.15.1 through
402.15.4.

402.15.1 Construction: Combustible kiosks or
other structures shall not be located within the
mall unless constructed of fireretardant-treated
wood throughout conforming to 780 CMR
2310.0.

402.15.2 Fire suppression: Kiosks and similar
structures that are covered and are located within
the mall shall be protected by an automatic
sprinkler system installed in accordance with
780 CMR 9.

402.153 Horizontal separation: The minimum
horizontal separation between kiosks and other
structures within the mall shall be 20 feet (6096
mm).

402.15.4 Maximum area: Kiosks or similar
structures shall have a maximum area of 300
square feet (27.90 m 2 ).

402.16 Parking structures: An attached garage for
the storage of passenger vehicles that have a
capacity of not more than nine persons, or an open
parking structure, shall be considered as a separate
building where it is separated from the covered mall
building by a fire separation assembly having a
fireresistance rating of not less than two hours or
shall be considered as part of the covered mall
building.

780 CMR 403.0 HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS

403.1 Applicability: The provisions of 780 CMR
403.0 shall apply to all buildings more than 70 feet
in height above the mean grade. See M.G.L. c.
148,§26A.

Exception: The provisions of 780 CMR 403.0
shall not apply to open parking structures (see
780 CMR 406.0 and M.G.L. c. 148, § 26G).

403.2 Sprinkler system: All buildings and
structures shall be equipped throughout with an

automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1 and M.G.L. c. 148, § 26A.

Exception: An automatic sprinkler system shall
not be required in spaces or areas of:

1. Open parking structures complying with
780 CMR 406.0.

2. Telecommunications equipment buildings
used exclusively for telecommunications
equipment, associated electrical power
distribution equipment, batteries and standby
engines, provided that those spaces or areas are
equipped throughout with an automatic fire
detection system in accordance with 780 CMR
918.0 and are separated from the remainder of the
building with fire separation assemblies
consisting of one-hour fireresistance rated walls
and two-hour fireresistance rated floor/ceiling
assemblies.

4033 Alternative sprinkler system: Alternatively,
to qualify for the fireresistance rating reduction for
certain building elements listed in 780 CMR 403.3.3,
the automatic sprinkler system shall comply with
780 CMR 906.2.1 and the optional fire protection
features listed in 780 CMR 403.3.1 and 403.3.2.

4033.1 Control valves and water-flow devices:

Sprinkler control valves equipped with
supervisory initiating devices and water-flow
initiating devices shall be provided for each floor.

4033.2 Secondary water supply: In addition to
the main water supply, for buildings located
where the effective peak velocity-related
acceleration (A v ) is equal to or greater than 0.20 in
accordance with 780 CMR 1612.1, a secondary
on-site water supply equal to the hydraulically
calculated sprinkler design demand plus 100
gallons per minute (0.0063 m 3 /s) shall be
provided. This water supply shall have a duration
of 30 minutes.

40333 Automatic sprinkler system alternative:

Where a complete automatic sprinkler system

with additional system features listed in 780 CMR

403.3.3.1 and 403.3.3.2 is installed throughout,

modifications to this code are permitted as

described in 780 CMR 403.3.3.1 and 403.3.3.2.

40333.1 Type of construction: Other than in

buildings with an occupancy in Use Groups F-

1, H-3, M and S-l, the minimum type of

construction required by 780 CMR shall be

modified as indicated in Table 403.3.3.1.

Exception: The Type 1A to IB

modification shall be permitted for

buildings with an occupancy in Use Groups

F-l,MandS-l.

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

Table 403.3.3.1

TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION

MODIFICATIONS PERMITTED FOR

HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS

Type of Construction set
' forth in Table 602

Modified type of construction
permitted hereunder

1A
IB

IB
2A a
2B

Note a. The minimum fireresistance rating floor
construction shall be two hours.

403.3.3.2 Shaft enclosures: The required
fireresistance rating of the fire separation
assemblies enclosing vertical shafts, other
than stairway enclosures and elevator
hoistway enclosures, shall be reduced to one
hour where automatic sprinklers are
installed within the shafts at the top and at
alternate floor levels.

403.4 Automatic fire detection: A smoke detector
suitable for the intended application shall be
installed in each of the following rooms: mechanical
equipment; electrical; transformer; telephone
equipment; elevator machine; or similar room. The
actuation of any detector shall sound an alarm at a
constantly attended location.

403.5 Voice/alarm signaling systems: A

voice/alarm signaling system shall be provided in
accordance with 780 CMR 917.9 and activated in
accordance with 780 CMR 917.7.1.

403.6 Fire department communication system: A

two-way fire department communication system
shall be provided for fire department use. The
communication system shall operate between the fire
command station and every elevator, elevator lobby
and enclosed exit stairway. Acceptable types of fire
department communications shall include:

1 . Telephone or fire department radio in lieu of
a dedicated system, where approved by the fire
department; and

2. Intercom or two-way public address system
complying with NFiPA 72 listed in Appendix A.

403.7 Fire command station: A fire command
station for fire department operations shall be
provided in a location approved by the fire
department. The^zre command station shall contain:
the voice/alarm signaling system controls; the fire
department communication system controls; the
automatic fire detection and protective signaling
system annunciator panels; an annunciator that
visually indicates the floor location of elevators and
whether they are operational; status indicators and
controls for air-handling systems; controls for
unlocking all stairway doors simultaneously;
sprinkler valve and water-flow detector display
panels; emergency and standby power; status
indicators; and a telephone for fire department use

with controlled access to the public telephone
system.

403.8 Elevators: Elevator operation and installation
shall be in accordance with 524 C\[R. Elevator
service shall be provided for fire department
emergency access to all floors. Elevator cab
dimensions shall conform to the applicable
requirements of 524 CMR.

Except for the main entrance level, all elevators
shall open into a lobby separated from the remainder
of the building by one hour fireresistance rated
construction.

Exit stairways, chutes, janitor closets, tenant
spaces in Use Group R and service rooms shall not
open into the elevator lobby. In Use Groups other
than R tenant spaces opening into the elevator lobby
shall be provided with other means of exit access
that do not require passage through the elevator
lobby.

Exception: elevator lobbies are not required
when a smoke control system is installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 921.7.

403.9 Standby power, light and emergency
systems: Standby power, light and emergency
systems shall comply with the requirements of
780 CMR 403.9.1 through 403.9.3.

403.9.1 Standby power: A standby power system
conforming to the requirements of 527 CMR as
listed in Appendix A. If the standby system is a
generator set inside a building, the system shall be
located in a separate room enclosed with two-hour
fireresistance rated fire separation assemblies.
System supervision with manual start and transfer
features shall be provided at the fire command
station.

403.9.1.1 Fuel supply: An on-premises fuel
supply, sufficient for not less than two-hour
full-demand operation of the system, shall be
provided.

Exception: Where the system is supplied
with pipeline natural gas and is approved.

403.9.1.2 Capacity: The standby system shall
have a capacity and rating that supplies all
equipment required to be operational at the
same time. The generating capacity is not
required to be sized to operate all of the
connected electrical equipment simultaneously.

403.9.1.3 Connected facilities: All power and
lighting facilities for the fire command station
and elevators specified in 780 CMR 403.7 and
403.8, as applicable, and electrically powered
fire pumps required to maintain pressure, shall
be transferable to the standby source. Standby
power shall be provided for at least one
elevator to serve all floors and be transferable
to any elevator.

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY

office spaces incidental to tower operation and
lounges for employees, including restrooms.

414.2 Type of construction: Air traffic control
towers shall be constructed to conform to the height
and area limitations of Table 414.2.

Table 414.2
HEIGHT AND AREA LIMITATIONS FOR
AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS

Type of
construction

Height a ' b

Maximum area
(square feet)

1A, IB

: 2A

; 2B

Unlimited
240feet
100 feet
85 feet

1,500
1,500 : :
1,500
1.500

Note a. Height to be measured from grade to cab
floor.

Note b. 1 foot - 304.8 mm; 1 square food = 0.093m .

414.3 Egress: A minimum of one exit stairway shall
be permitted for airport traffic control towers of any
height provided that the occupant load per floor does
not exceed 15. The stairway shall conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 1014.0 and 1015.0. The
stairway shall be separated from elevators by a
minimum distance of Vi of the diagonal of the area
served.

Exception: Smokeproof enclosures as set forth in
780 CMR 1015.0 are not required where required
stairways are pressurized to a minimum of 0.15
inch of water column (37.33 P) and a maximum of
0.35 inch of water column (87.10 P) in the shaft
relative to the building with all stairway doors
closed.

414.4 Automatic fire detection systems: Airport
traffic control towers shall be provided with an
automatic fire detection system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 918.0.

414.5 Standby power: A standby power system that
conforms to 780 CMR 403 .9 and 527 CMR 12. 00 as
listed in Appendix A shall be provided in airport
traffic control towers more than 65 feet (19812 mm)
in height. Power shall be provided to mechanical
equipment servicing smokeproof enclosures and
stairway pressurization systems, means of egress
lighting, elevator operational equipment and the
automatic fire detection system.

780 CMR 415.0 OUTDOOR PROCESSING
FACILITIES

415.1 Industry standards: Outdoor processing
facilities such as chemical plants, refineries and
grain elevators shall be constructed in accordance
with the accepted engineering practice of the
specific industry and the fire prevention code listed
in Appendix A, subject to the approval of the the
' building code enforcement official and the fire
prevention officer.

780 CMR 416.0 BDPM FACILITIES

416.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 416.0
shall apply to buildings and structures using
hazardous production materials (HPM), such as in
semiconductor fabrication facilities and areas of
comparable research and development. Except as
specifically required by 780 CMR 416.0, such
buildings shall comply with the applicable
requirements of 780 CMR. The specific code
provisions of 780 CMR 307.0, 506.3 and Table
1009.2 applicable to high-hazard use groups shall
not apply unless stated herein.

416.2 Definitions: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 416.0 and as
used elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings
shown herein.

Emergency control station: An approved location on
the premises where signals from emergency
equipment are received and which is staffed by
trained personnel.

Fabrication area: A fabrication area is one in which
there are processes involving hazardous
production materials (HPM), and includes
ancillary rooms or areas, such as dressing rooms
and offices, which are supplemental to the area
processes.

Hazardous production material (HPM): A solid,
liquid or gas that has a degree of hazard rating in
health, flammability or reactivity of Class 3 or 4
as ranked by NFiPA 704 listed in Appendix A and
which is used directly in research, laboratory or
production processes which have as their end
product, materials which are not hazardous.

Service passage, HPM: A passage in which
hazardous production materials (HPM) are
transported from a separate inside HPM storage
room or the exterior of the building to the
perimeter wall of the fabrication area, for
purposes other than required means of egress.

Storage room, HPM, separate inside: A room in
which hazardous production materials (HPM) are
stored in containers, tanks, drums or other means,
and which is separated from other occupancies.
Such rooms include:

HPM cutoff room: An HPM storage room within
a building and having at least one exterior wall.
HPM inside room: An HPM storage room totally
enclosed within a building and not having exterior
walls.

416.3 Allowable heights, stories and area: The

allowable height, number of stories and basic areas
permitted for HPM buildings and structures shall not
exceed the limitations specified in Table 416.3. The
provisions of 780 CMR 507.0 shall not apply. The

2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

area limitations are for one- or two-story buildings
facing on a street or public space not less than 30
feet (9144 mm) wide. The increases permitted in
780 CMR 506.2 and 506.3 shall apply.

Table 4163

HEIGHT, NUMBER OF STORIES AND

AREA LIMITATIONS FOR HPM USE

FACILITIES

Type of
construction

Number of
stories

Height (feet) a

Area (square
feet/floor)

lAandlB

Unlimited

34,200

22,500

14,400

19,800

14,400

21,600

15,300

7,200

Note a. 1 foot = 304.8 mm; 1 square foot = 0.093 nr

416.4 Fire suppression: HPM facilities shall be
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with 780 CMR 9. The design
for the fabrication areas, service passages, separate
inside HPM storage rooms without dispensing, and
means of egress corridors shall meet the
requirements for Ordinary Hazard Group 2 in
NFiPA 13 listed in Appendix A. The design for
separate inside HPM storage rooms with dispensing
shall meet the requirements for Extra Hazard Group
2 in NFiPA 13 listed in Appendix A.

416.5 Amount of HPM in a fabrication area: The

total amount of HPM permitted in a single
fabrication area shall be based on the densities in
Table 416.5(2), or the quantities in Table 416.5(1),
whichever is the larger amount.

Table 416.5(1)
PERMITTED AMOUNTS OF HPM IN A

SINGLE FABRICATION AREA-
QUANTITY BASIS

Material

Maximum quantity

Flammable liquids

Class I-A

Class I-B

Class I-C
Combination flammable liquids

containing not more than the exempt

amounts of Class I-A, I-B or I-C

flammable liquids
Combustible liquids

Class II

Class III-A
Flammable gases

Liquefied flammable gases

Flammable solids

Corrosive liquids

Oxidizing material - gases

Oxidizing material - liquids

Oxidizing material - solids

Organic peroxides

Highly toxic material and poisonous gas

90 gallons
180 gallons
270 gallons

360 gallons

750 gallons

9,000 cubic feet at

one atmosphere of

pressure at 70 °F

180 gallons

1,500 pounds

1 65 gallons

18,000 cubic feet

150 gallons

1,500 pounds

30 pounds

Included in the

aggregate for

flammables as noted

above

Note a. 1 gallon - 0.00379 m 3 ; 1 cubic foot = 0.028 m 3 ;
1 pound = 0.454 kg; degrees C = {(degrees F)-32}/1.8.

Table 416.5(2)

PERMITTED AMOUNTS OF HPM IN A

SINGLE FABRICATION AREA— DENSITY

BASIS a ' C

State

Units

Flam-
mable

Oxi-
dizer

Cor-
rosive

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Pounds per aquare foot
Gallons per square foot

Cubic feet oer square foot

0.001
0.04 b

1.250

0.003
0.03

1.250

0.003

0.08

3.000

Note a. HPM within piping shall not be included in the

calculated quantities.

Note b. The maximum permitted quantities of flammable

and combustible liquids shall not exceed the following

quantities:

Class (I-A) + (I-B) + (I - C) (combination

flammable liquids) = .025

However Class I-A shall not exceed = .0025

Class II = .01

Class III-A =.02

Note c. Highly toxic materials and poisonous gases
shall be limited by the maximum quantities specified in
Table 416.5(1).

Note d. One pound per square foot = 4.882 kg/m 2 ; 1
gallon per square foot = 0.0407 m 3 /m 2 ; 1 cubic foot per
square foot = 0.301 m 3 /m .

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY

416.6 Egress: There shall not be less than two
means of egress provided for any fabrication area or
any HPM facility subdivision thereof larger than 200
square feet (18.62 m 2 ). The maximum length of exit
access travel in HPM facilities shall be 100 feet
(30480 mm).

416.7 Separation: Fabrication areas shall be
separated from each other, from means of egress
corridors, and from other parts of the building by
not less than one-hour fire separation assemblies in
compliance with 780 CMR 709.0, with fire doors
complying with 780 CMR 716.0. Floors forming
part of the required separation shall be liquid tight.

416.8 Floors: Floors within fabrication areas shall
be of approved noncombustible construction.
Unprotected openings through floors of fabrication
areas are permitted where the interconnected levels
are used solely for mechanical equipment directly
related to such fabrication areas.

Mechanical, duct and piping penetrations within
a fabrication area shall not extend through more
than two floors. Penetrations shall be effectively
firestopped in accordance with 780 CMR 720.6.4 at
the floor level. The fabrication area, including the
areas through which ductwork and piping extend,
shall be considered a single conditioned space or fire

416.9 Ventilation, general: Ventilation systems
shall comply with the mechanical code listed in
Appendix A except as otherwise provided herein.
Ventilation, including recalculated air, shall be
provided throughout the fabrication area at the rate
of not less than lcfm per square foot (5074
cmVs/nr) of floor area.

416.9.1 Interconnection: The exhaust system of
one fabrication area shall not connect to another
exhaust system outside that fabrication area
within the building. The return air system from
one fabrication area shall not connect to any
other system.

416.9.2 Smoke detectors: Smoke detectors shall
be installed in the recirculating air stream and
shall initiate a signal at the emergency control
station.

416.93 Shutoff switches: Automatic shutoffs are
not required to be installed on air-moving
equipment. A manually operated remote switch
to shut off the fabrication area supply or the
recirculation air system, or both, shall be provided
at an approved location outside the fabrication
area.

416.9.4 Gas detection: Where HPM gas is used
or dispensed and the physiological warning
properties for the gas are at a higher level than the
accepted permissible exposure limitation for the
gas, a continuous gas-monitoring system shall be

provided to detect the presence of a short-term
hazard condition. Where dispensing occurs and
flammable gases or vapors are liberated in
quantities exceeding 20% of the lower explosive
limitation, a continuous gas-monitoring system
shall be provided. The monitoring system shall
be connected to the emergency control station.

416.10 Transporting HPM: HPM shall be
transported to fabrication areas through enclosed
piping or tubing systems which comply with
780 CMR 416.15, through service passages, or in
means of egress corridors as permitted in the
exception to 780 CMR 416.12.

416.11 Electrical: Electrical equipment and devices
within the fabrication area shall comply with
527 CMR listed in Appendix A. The requirements
for hazardous locations are not required to be
applied where the average rate of air change is at
least four cfm per square foot (20300 cm 3 /s/m 2 ) of
floor area and where the rate of air change at any
location is not less than three cfm per square foot
(15200 cm 3 /s/m 2 ).

416.12 Means of egress corridors: Means of egress
corridors shall comply with 780 CMR 101 1.4 and
shall be separated from fabrication areas as
specified in 780 CMR 416.7. Means of egress
corridors shall not be used for transporting HPM
except as provided for in 780 CMR 416.12.1 and
416.15.2.

416.12.1 Existing facilities: In existing HPM
facilities, when there are alterations or
modifications to existing fabrication areas, the
transportation of HPM in means of egress
corridors shall be permitted provided that all of
the requirements of 780 CMR 416.12.1.1 and
416.12.1.2 are met.

416.12.1.1 Corridors: Corridors adjacent to
the fabrication area under alteration shall
comply with Table 602, item 4, for a length
determined as follows:

1 . The length of the common wall of the
corridor and thai fabrication area; and

2. For the distance along the corridor to
the point of entry of HPM into the corridor
serving that fabrication area.

416.12.1.2 Openings: There shall not be
openings between the corridor and an HPM
storage cabinet in a. fabrication area other than
those in compliance with all of the following:

1. one-hour fire doors are installed
between the corridor and the cabinet;

2. The cabinet is separated from the
corridor with a one-hour fireresistance rated
fire partition; and

3. Automatic sprinklers shall be provided
inside the cabinets

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780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

416.13 Service passages: Service passages shall be
considered as HPM facilities. Service passages shall
be separated from means of egress corridors as
required by 780 CMR 416.7.

416.13.1 Ventilation: Service passages shall be .
ventilated as required by 780 CMR 416.9.

416.13.2 Egress: There shall not be less than two
means of egress from a service passage. Not
more than one-half of the required means of
egress shall be into ^fabrication area. Doors
from service passages shall be self-closing and
swing in the direction of means of egress travel.

416.133 Travel distance: The maximum distance
of travel from any point in a service passage to an
exit or door into a fabrication area shall not
exceed 75 feet (22860 mm). Dead ends shall not
exceed four feet (1219 mm) in length.

416.13.4 Alarms: Alarms shall be provided for in
accordance with 780 CMR 416.14.5.

416.14 Storage of HPM, general: Rooms used for
the storage of HPM m quantities greater than those
set forth in Tables 307.8(1) and 307.8(2), except for
those quantities permitted within a fabrication area,
shall comply with the provisions of NFiPA 30 listed
in Appendix A, provided that the area of an HPM
cutoff room shall not exceed 6,000 square feet (558
m 2 ). The storage area for any liquid HPM shall be
provided with drains.

416.14.1 Location within building: Where HPM
cutoff rooms are provided, such rooms shall not
be less than 30 feet (9144 mm) from lot lines.

416.14.2 HPM drainage systems: Drainage
systems shall be provided to direct liquid leakage
and fire protection water to a safe location away
from the building, important valves or adjoining
property. HPM flammable liquid drains shall be
separated from other HPM liquid drains Other
HPM liquids in drains that are not compatible
shall be separated from each other, provided that
the liquids are permitted to be combined when
such liquids have been rendered acceptable for
discharge by an approved means into the public
sewers.

416.143 Egress: There shall be two means of
egress from a separate inside HPM storage room
where the room exceeds 200 square feet (186 m 2 )
in area. Where two means of egress are required
from HPM cutoff rooms, one shall be directly to
the outside of the building. All storage room
means of egress doors shall be self-closing and
swing in the direction of means of egress travel

416.14.4 Ventilation: Exhaust ventilation shall be
provided for in accordance with 780 CMR 416.9
for all categories of HPM.

416.14.5 Emergency alarm: An emergency
telephone system or local fire protective signaling

system station shall be installed outside of each
interior egress door from HPM cutoff rooms. The
signal shall be relayed to the emergency control
station and a local signaling device provided.

416.14.6 Electrical: HPM cutoff rooms
containing flammable liquids or gases shall be
classified as Class I, Division 1, hazardous
locations in accordance with 527 CMR listed in
Appendix A.

416.14.7 Gas detection: Gas detection shall be
provided for in accordance with 780 CMR
416.9.4.

416.15 Piping and tubing: HPM piping and tubing
shall comply with 780 CMR 416.15 and shall be
installed in accordance with ASME B3 1 .3 listed in
Appendix A.

416.15.1 General: Piping and tubing systems
shall be metallic unless the material being
transported is incompatible with such system.
Systems supplying gaseous HPM, having a health
hazard of 3 or 4 as ranked by NFiPA 704 listed in
Appendix A, shall be welded throughout, except
for connections, valves and fittings which are
within an exhausted enclosure. HPM supply
piping or tubing in service passages shall be
exposed to view.

416.15.2 Installation in egress corridors or
above other use groups: HPM shall not be
located within means of egress corridors or above
areas not containing HPM facilities except as
permitted by 780 CMR 416.15. HPM piping and
tubing shall be permitted within the space defined
by the walls of means of egress corridors and the
floor or roof above, or in concealed spaces above
other use groups under the following conditions:

1. Automatic sprinklers shall be installed
within the space unless the space is less than
six inches (152 mm) in least dimension.

2. Ventilation at not less than six air changes
per hour shall be provided. The space shall not
be used to convey air from any other area.

3. All HPM supply piping and tubing and
HPM non-metallic waste lines shall be
separated from the means of egress corridor
and from any use group other than an HPM use
facility by afire separation assembly having a
fireresistance rating of not less than one hour.
Where gypsum wallboard is used, joints on the
piping side of the enclosure are not required to
be taped, provided that the joints occur over
framing members.

4. Where piping or tubing is used to transport
HPM liquids, a receptor shall be installed
below such piping or tubing. The receptor
shall be designed to collect and drain any
discharge or leakage to an approved location.
The one-hour enclosure required by 780 CMR

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY

416.15.2, item 3 shall not be used as part of the
receptor.

5. Manual or automatic remotely activated
fail-safe emergency shutoff valves, with ready
access thereto, shall be installed on piping and
tubing, other than waste lines, at branch
connections into the fabrication area, and at
entries into means of egress corridors.

6. Where HPM supply gas is carried in
pressurized piping, a fail-safe system for
excess flow control shall shut off flow due to a
rupture in the piping.

7 Electrical wiring and equipment located in
the piping space shall be approved for Class I,
Division 2, hazardous locations in accordance
with 527 CMR listed va Appendix A.
8. Gas detection shall be as provided for in
780 CMR 41 6.9.4

Exception: Conditions 1 through 8 shall not
apply to transverse crossings of the
corridors by supply piping that is coaxially
enclosed within a ferrous pipe or tube for
the width of the corridor. An enclosing
pipe or tube open to an HPM use facility is
permitted.

416.153 Identification: Piping, tubing and HPM
waste lines shall be identified in accordance with
ASMEA13.1 listed in Appendix A.

780 CMR 417.0 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(See also 780 CMR 426.0 for the design and
constriction of Bulk Merchandising Retail
Buildings.)

417.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR 417.0
shall apply to all buildings and structures occupied
for the manufacturing, processing, dispensing, use or
storage of hazardous materials. All buildings and
structures with an occupancy in Use Group H shall
also comply with the applicable provisions of
780 CMR 418.0 and the fire prevention code listed
in Appendix A.

Note: The safe design of hazardous material
occupancies is material dependent. Individual
material requirements are also found in 780 CMR
307.0 and 418.0, and in the mechanical and fire
prevention codes listed in Appendix A . Since the
fire department is responsible for inspection of
these occupancies for proper utilization and
handling of hazardous materials, the
administrative authority shall cooperate with the
fire department in the discharge of the
responsibility to enforce 780 CMR 417.0

417.2 Control areas/exempt amounts: Control
areas shall be those spaces within a building where
quantities of hazardous materials not exceeding the
allowable exempt amounts are stored, dispensed,
utilized or handled. Control areas shall be separated
from all adjacent interior spaces by fire separation
assemblies in accordance with 780 CMR 709.0. The

number of permitted control areas and degree of fire
separation shall be in accordance with Table 417.2.
The floor construction and supporting structure for
all floors within the control area shall require a
minimum two-hour fireresistance rating.

Table 417.2
PERMITTED CONTROL AREAS

a,b

Percent of

allowable

Control areas
per floor

Vertical fire

Floor level

exempt

separation

quantities per

walls (hours)

control area

100

12.5

7-9

Higher than 9

Note a. The number of floor levels below grade shall
not exceed two. The first floor level before grade shall be
limited to 75% of the maximum allowable exempt
quantity per control area with a maximum of three
control areas. The second floor level below grade shall
be limited to 50% of the maximum allowable exempt
quantity per control area with a maximum of two control
areas.

Note b. In mercantile occupancies, a maximum of two
control areas per floor shall be permitted in retail sales
rooms.

417.2.1 Hazardous material in mercantile
display areas: Except as modified by 780 CMR
426, the aggregate quantity of nonflammable solid
and nonflammable or noncombustible liquid
hazardous materials permitted within a single
control area of a retail sales occupancy is
permitted to exceed the exempt amounts specified
in Tables 307.8(1) and 307.8(2) without
classifying the building as a high-hazard use
group, provided that the materials are stored in
accordance with the fire prevention code listed in
Appendix A.

417.3 Equipment rooms: Heating and ventilating
equipment in occupancies involving fire hazards
from flammable vapors, dusts, combustible fibers or
other highly combustible substances shall be
installed and protected against fire and explosion
hazards in accordance with the mechanical code and
the fire prevention code listed in Appendix A.

417.4 Hazardous material systems: Systems
involving hazardous materials shall be suitable for
the intended application and shall be designed by
persons competent in such design. Controls shall be
designed to prevent materials from entering or
leaving process or reaction systems at other than the
intended time, rate or path. Automatic controls,
where provided, shall be designed to be fail safe.

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

417.5 Inside storage, dispensing and utilization:

The inside storage, dispensing and utilization of
hazardous materials in excess of the allowable
exempt amounts of Tables 307.8(1) and 307.8(2)
shall be in accordance with 780 CMR 417.5.1
through 417.5.5 and the fire prevention code listed
in Appendix A.

417.5.1 Explosion control: Every structure, room
or space occupied for purposes involving
explosion hazards shall be provided with
explosion venting, explosion suppression systems,
barricades or equivalent explosion protective
devices in accordance with 780 CMR 417.0 and
NFiPA 495 listed in Appendix A where required
by 780 CMR 418.0 and the fire prevention code
listed in Appendix A.

Exception: Explosion venting shall not be
utilized as a means to protect buildings from
detonation hazards.

417.5.1.1 Explosion venting: Areas which are
provided with explosion venting to relieve
deflagration shall comply with the following:

1. Walls, ceilings and roofs exposing
surrounding areas shall be designed to resist
a minimum internal pressure of 100 pounds
per square foot (psf).

2. Explosion venting shall be permitted
only in exterior walls or roofs or through
specially designed shafts to the exterior of
the building.

3. Venting shall be designed to prevent
serious structural damage and the
production of lethal projectiles.

4. The aggregate clear vent relief area shall
be governed by the pressure resistance of
the nonrelieving portions of the building.

5. Vents shall be designed to relieve at a
maximum internal pressure of 20 pounds
per square foot (psf) and shall consist of any
one or any combination of the following:

5.1. Walls of lightweight material.

5.2. Lightly fastened hatch covers.

5.3. Lightly fastened, outward-opening
swinging doors in exterior walls.

5.4. Lightly fastened walls or roofs.

6. Venting devices shall discharge directly
to the open air or to an unoccupied space
not less than 50 feet in width on the same
lot.

7. Relieving devices shall be so located
that the discharge shall not be less than ten
feet vertically and 20 feet horizontally from
window openings or exits in the same or
adjoining buildings or structures.

8. Discharge shall be in the direction of
least exposure and not into the interior of
the building.

417.5.1.2 Explosion suppression systems:

Explosion suppression systems shall be of an
approved type and installed in accordance with

the provisions of 780 CMR and NFiPA 69
listed in Appendix A.

417.5.2 Monitor control equipment: Monitor
control equipment shall be provided where
required by the fire prevention code listed in
Appendix A.

417.5.3 Detection systems: All occupancies in
Use Group H shall be provided with an automatic
fire detection system in accordance with NFiPA
72 listed in Appendix A where required by the fire
prevention code listed in Appendix A. The
detection system shall be provided in the areas
where the high-hazard materials are utilized and
stored.

417.5.4 Standby power: Where mechanical
ventilation, treatment systems, temperature
control, alarm, detection or other electrically
operated systems are required, such systems shall
be connected to an emergency electrical system in
accordance with 527 CMR 12.00 as listed in
Appendix A or a standby power system in
accordance with 527 CMR 12.00 as listed in
Appendix A. Such systems shall be independent
of the public supply.

417.5.5 Spill control, drainage and
containment: Rooms, buildings or areas occupied
for the storage of solid and liquid hazardous
materials shall be provided with a means to
control spillage and to contain or drain off
spillage and fire protection water discharged in
the storage area where required in 780 CMR
418.0 and the fire prevention code listed in
Appendix A.

417.6 Outside storage, dispensing and utilization:

The outside storage, dispensing and utilization of
hazardous materials in excess of the exempt
amounts shall be in accordance with 780 CMR
417.6. 1 through 417.6.6 and the fire prevention code
listed in Appendix A.

417.6.1 Location: In addition to the general
requirements of 780 CMR 417.6.2 through
417.6.5, the outside storage of hazardous
materials as listed in 780 CMR 307.0 shall be
separated from buildings and lot lines and into
individual areas as specified in the fire prevention
code listed in Appendix A.

417.6.2 Protection from vehicles: Guard posts or
other means shall be provided to protect outside
storage tanks from vehicular damage.

417.6.3 Fire lanes and water supply: Fire lanes
and approved water supplies shall be provided for
outside storage areas as required by the code
official.

1 . Fire lanes. Fire lanes shall be provided to
within 150 feet (45720 mm) of all portions of
an outside storage area. Such fire lanes shall

780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY

421.1 General: Swimming and bathing pools shall
conform to the requirements of 780 CMR 421.0
provided that 780 CMR 42 1 .0 shall not be applicable
to any such pool less than 24 inches (610 mm) deep
or having a surface area less than 250 square feet
(23.25 m 2 ), except where such pools are permanently
equipped with a water-recirculating system or
involve structural materials. For the purposes of
780 CMR, pools are classified as private swimming
pools, public swimming pools or semi-public
swimming pools, as defined in 780 CMR 421.2.
Materials and constructions used in swimming pools
shall comply with the applicable requirements of
780 CMR.

421.2 Definitions: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 421.0 and as
used elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings
shown herein.

Pools, swimming, hot tubs and spas

Above-ground/on-ground pool: See definition of
private swimming pool.

Barrier: A fence, a wall, a building wall or a
combination thereof which completely surrounds
the swimming pool and obstructs access to the
swimming pool. (Refer to M.G.L. c 140, § 206
for required enclosure of public or semi-public,
outdoor, inground swimming pools.)
Hot tub (special purpose pool): A unit designed
for recreational and therapeutic use which is
shallow in depth and not meant for swimming or
diving. These pools are not drained, cleaned or
refilled for each user. It may include, but not be
limited to hydrojet circulation, hot water, cold
water mineral baths, air induction bubbles, or any
combination thereof. Industry terminology for
such a pool includes but is not limited to,
therapeutic pool, hydrotherapy pool, whirlpool,
hot spa, hot tubs, float tanks, etc. This standard
excludes residential units and facilities used or
under the direct supervision and control of
licensed medical personnel.
In-ground pool: See definition of private
swimming pool.

Private swimming pool: Any structure that
contains water over 24 inches (610 mm) in depth
and which is used, or intended to be used, for
swimming or recreational bathing in connection
with an occupancy in Use Group R-3 or R-4 and
which is available only to the family and guests of
the householder. This includes in-ground, above-
ground and on-ground swimming pools, hot tubs
and spas.

Private swimming pool, indoor: Any private
swimming pool that is totally contained within a
private structure and surrounded on all four sides
by walls of said structure.
Private swimming pool, outdoor: Any private
swimming pool that is not an indoor pool.

Public outdoor, inground swimming pool: Any
swimming pool which is used, or intended to be
used, for swimming or recreational bathing by
the general public Refer to M.G.L. c 140, §206
for requirements pertaining to public or semi-
public, outdoor, inground swimming pool
enclosures, safety equipment, inspection, and
penalties for violations.

Public swimming pool, outdoor: Any public
swimming pool that is not defined as an outdoor,
inground swimming pooL
Semi-public outdoor, inground swimming pool:
(as defined by M.G.L. c 140, § 206) any
swimming or wading pool on the premises of, or
used in connection with, a hotel, motel, trailer
court, apartment house, country club, youth
club, school, camp, or similar establishment
where the primary purpose of the establishment
is not the operation of the swimming facilities.
Semi-public outdoor, inground swimming pool
shall also mean a pool constructed and
maintained by groups for the purposes of
providing bathing facilities for members and
quests only. Refer to M.G.L. c 140, § 206 for
requirements pertaining to public or semi-public,
outdoor, inground swimming pool enclosures,
safety equipment, inspection, and penalties for
violations.

Semi-public swimming pool, outdoor: Any semi-
public swimming pool that is not defined as a
semi-public outdoor, inground swimming pool.
Spa: See definition of private swimming pool.
Wading Pool: Aapool of water in a basin having
a maximum depth of less than two feet intended
chiefly as a wading place for children. It does
not include any residential pool as herein
defined

4213 Permits and construction documents: A

swimming pool or appurtenances thereto shall not be
constructed, installed, enlarged or altered until
construction documents have been submitted and a
permit has been obtained from the code official. The
approval of all city, county and state authorities
having jurisdiction over swimming pools shall be
obtained before applying to the code official for a
permit. Certified copies of these approvals shall be
filed as part of the supporting data for the permit
application.

4213.1 Construction documents: Construction
documents shall accurately show dimensions and
construction of the pool and appurtenances and
properly established distances to lot lines,
buildings, walks and fences, as well as details of
the water supply system, drainage and water
disposal systems, and all appurtenances pertaining
to the swimming pool. Detailed construction
documents of structures, vertical elevations and
sections through the pool showing depth shall be
included.

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780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

421.4 Locations: Private swimming pools shall not
encroach on any front or side yard required by
780 CMR or by the governing zoning law, unless in
accordance with specific rules of the jurisdiction in
which the pool is located. A wall of a swimming
pool shall not be located less than six feet (1829
mm) from any rear or side property line or ten feet
(3048 mm) from any street property line, unless in
accordance with specific rules of the jurisdiction in
which the pool is located.

421.5 Structural design: The pool structure shall be
engineered and designed to withstand the expected
forces to which the pool will be subjected.

421.5.1 Wall slopes: To a depth up to two feet
nine inches (838 mm) from the top, the wall slope
shall not be more than one unit horizontal in five
units vertical (1:5).

421.5.2 Floor slopes: The slope of the floor on
the shallow side of the transition point shall not
exceed one unit vertical to seven units horizontal
(1:7). For public pools greater than 1,200 square
feet (111.6 nr), the slope of the floor on the
shallow side of the transition point shall not
exceed one unit vertical to ten units horizontal
(1:10). The transition point between shallow and
deep water shall not be more than five feet (1524
mm) deep.

421.53 Surface cleaning: All swimming pools
shall be provided with a recirculating skimming
device or overflow gutters to remove scum and
foreign matter from the surface of the water.
Where skimmers are used for private pools, there
shall be at least one skimming device for each
1,000 square feet (93 nr) of surface area or
fraction thereof. For public pools where water
skimmers are used, there shall be at least one
skimming device for each 500 square feet (55.8
nr) of surface area or fraction thereof. Overflow
gutters shall not be less than three inches (76 mm)
deep and shall be pitched to a slope of one unit
vertical to 48 units horizontal (1:48) toward
drains, and constructed so that such gutters are
safe, cleanable and that matter entering the gutters
will not be washed out by a sudden surge of
entering water.

421.5.4 Walkways: All public and semi-public

swimming pools shall have walkways not less than
four feet (1219 mm) in width extending entirely
around the pool. Curbs or sidewalks around any
swimming pool shall have a slip-resistant surface for
a width of not less than four foot (305 mm) at the
edge of the pool, and shall be so arranged as to
prevent return of surface water to the pool.

421.5.5 Steps and ladders: At least one means of
egress shall be provided from private pools. All
public and semi-public pools shall provide
ladders to other means of egress at both sides of
the diving section and at least one means of egress
at the shallow section; or at least one means of
egress in the deep section and the shallow section
if diving boards are not provided. Treads of steps
and ladders shall have slip-resistant surfaces and
handrails on both sides, except that handrails are
not required where there are not more than four
steps or where the steps extend the full width of
the side or end of the pool. (Refer to 521 CMR
19.00, the Architectural Access Board's rules
and regulations, for requirements pertaining to
the accessibility of all public and semi-public
swimming pools.)

421.6 Water supply: All swimming pools shall be
provided with a potable water supply, free of cross
connections with the pool or its equipment.

421.6.1 Water treatment: See 105 CMR 935.000
Minimum Standards for Swimming Pools.

421.6.2 Drainage systems: The swimming pool
and equipment shall be equipped to be emptied
completely of water and the discharged water
shall be disposed of in an approved manner that
will not create a nuisance to adjoining property.

421.7 Appurtenant structures: All appurtenant
structures, installations and equipment, such as
showers, dressing rooms, equipment houses or other
buildings and structures, including plumbing,
heating and air conditioning systems, shall comply
with all applicable requirements of 780 CMR,
applicable zoning laws and requirements, 105CMR
435.000: Minimum Standards for Swimming
Pools (State Sanitary Code: Chapter V), 248 CMR
2.00 : the State Plumbing Code, and 527 CMR
12.00: the State Electrical Code.

421.7.1 Accessories: All swimming pool
accessories shall be designed, constructed and
installed so as not to be a safety hazard.
Installations or structures for diving purposes
shall be properly anchored to insure stability.

421.8 Equipment installations: Pumps, filters and
other mechanical and electrical equipment for public
swimming pools shall be enclosed in such a manner
as to provide access only to authorized persons and
not to bathers. Construction and drainage shall be
arranged to avoid the entrance and accumulation of
water in the vicinity of electrical equipment.

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

1 2/1 2/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY

421.9 Enclosures for outdoor, inground public and
semi-public swimming pools: Outdoor, inground
public and semi-public swimming pools shall be
provided with an enclosure in accordance with
M.G.L. c. 140, § 206.

421.9.1 Enclosure for public and semi-public
outdoor, inground swimming pools: Every public
and semi-public outdoor, inground swimming
pool shall be enclosed by a fence six feet in
height and firmly secured at ground level
provided that any board or stockade fence or
structure shall be at least five feet in height, but
if over five feet in height, the fence shall be
chain link. Such enclosure, including gates
therein, shall not be less than six feet above the
ground, and any gate shall be self-latching with
latches placed four feet above the ground or
otherwise made inaccessible from the outside to
children up to eight years of age. Such
enclosure shall be constructed of such material
and maintained so as not to permit any opening
in said enclosure, other than a gate, wider than
three inches at any point along the enclosure.
Any such pool shall be equipped with at least
one life ring and rescue hook.

421.9.1.1 Enclosure for all other public and
semi-public swimming pools: The enclosure
shall extend not less than four feet (1219 mm)
above the ground. All gates shall be self-
closing and self-latching with latches placed
at least four feet (1219 mm) above the
ground.

421.9.2 Construction of enclosure for all other
public and semi-public swimming pools:

Enclosure fences shall be constructed so as to
prohibit the passage of a sphere larger than four
inches (102 mm) in diameter through any opening
or under the fence. Fences shall be designed to
withstand a horizontal concentrated load of 200
pounds (91 kg) applied on a one-square-foot
(0.093 m2) area at any point of the fence.

421.10 Enclosures for private swimming pools,
spas and hot tubs: In lieu of any zoning laws or
ordinances to the contrary, private swimming pools,
spas and hot tubs shall be enclosed in accordance
with 780 CMR 421.10.1 through 421.10.4 or by other
approved barriers.

421.10.1 Outdoor private swimming pool: An

outdoor private swimming pool, including an in-
ground, above ground or on-ground pool, hot tub
or spa shall be provided with a barrier which shall
comply with the following.

1. The top of the barrier shall be at least 48
inches (1219 mm) above finished ground level

measured on the side of the barrier which faces
away from the swimming pool. The maximum
vertical clearance between finished ground
level and the barrier shall be two inches (51
mm) measured on the side of the barrier which
faces away from the swimming pool. Where
the top of the pool structure is above finished
ground level, such as an above-ground pool,
the barrier shall be at finished ground level,
such as the pool structure, or shall be mounted
on top of the pool structure. Where the barrier
is mounted on top of the pool structure, the
maximum vertical clearance between the top of
the pool structure and the bottom of the barrier
shall be four inches (102 mm).

2. Openings in the barrier shall not allow
passage of a four-inch (102 mm) diameter
sphere.

3. Solid barriers shall not contain indentations
or protrusions except for normal construction
tolerances and tooled masonry joints.

4. Where the barrier is composed of
horizontal and vertical members and the
distance between the tops of the horizontal
members is less than 45 inches (1 143 mm), the
horizontal members shall be located on the
swimming pool side of the fence. Spacing
between vertical members shall not exceed 1%
inches (44 mm) in width. Decorative cutouts
shall not exceed VA inches (44 mm) in width.

5. Where the barrier is composed of
horizontal and vertical members and the
distance between the tops of the horizontal
members is 45 inches (1143 mm) or more,
spacing between vertical members shall not
exceed four inches (102 mm). Decorative
cutouts shall not exceed W* inches (44 mm) in
width.

6. Maximum mesh size for chain link fences
shall be a l'/i-inch (32 mm) square unless the
fence is provided with slats fastened at the top
or the bottom which reduce the openings to not
more than l 3 /4-inches (44 mm).

7. Where the barrier is composed of diagonal
members, such as a lattice fence, the maximum
opening formed by the diagonal members shall
be not more than W* inches (44 mm).

8. Access gates shall comply with the
requirements of 780 CMR 421.10.1 items 1
through 7, and shall be equipped to
accommodate a locking device. Pedestrian
access gates shall open outwards away from
the pool and shall be self-closing and have a
self-latching device. Gates other than
pedestrian access gates shall have a self-
latching device. Where the release mechanism
of the self-latching device is located less than

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

54 inches (1372 mm) from the bottom of the
gate: (a) the release mechanism shall be
located on the pool side of the gate at least
three inches (76 mm) below the top of the gate;
and (b) the gate and barrier shall not have an
opening greater than Vi inch (13 mm) within 18
inches (457 mm) of the release mechanism.

9. Where a wall of a dwelling serves as part of
the barrier, one of the following shall apply:

9.1. All doors with direct access to the pool
through that wall shall be equipped with an
alarm which produces an audible warning
when the door and its screen, if present, are
opened. The alarm shall sound
continuously for a minimum of 30 seconds
immediately after the door is opened. The
alarm shall have a minimum sound pressure
rating of 85 dBA at ten feet (3048 mm) and
the sound of the alarm shall be distinctive
from other household sounds such as smoke
alarms, telephones and door bells. The
alarm shall automatically reset under all
conditions. The alarm shall be equipped
with manual means, such as touchpads or
switches, to deactivate temporarily the
alarm for a single opening from either
direction. Such deactivation shall last for
not more than 15 seconds. The deactivation
touchpads or switches shall be located at
least 54 inches (1372 mm) above the
threshold of the door.

9.2. The pool shall be equipped with an
approved power safety cover.

10. Where an above-ground pool structure is
used as a barrier or where the barrier is
mounted on top of the pool structure, and the
means of access is a fixed or removable ladder
or steps, the ladder or steps shall be surrounded
by a barrier which meets the requirements of
780 CMR 421.10.1 items 1 through 9. A
removable ladder shall not constitute an
acceptable alternative to enclosure
requirements.

421.10.2 Indoor private swimming pool: All

walls surrounding an indoor private swimming
pool shall comply with 780 CMR 421.10.1, item
9.

421.10.3 Prohibited locations: Barriers shall be
located so as to prohibit permanent structures,
equipment or similar objects from being used to
climb the barriers.

421.10.4 Exemptions: The following shall be
exempt from the provisions of 780 CMR 421.0.

1. A spa or hot tub with an approved safety
cover.

2. Fixtures which are drained after each use.

421.11 Diving boards: Minimum water depths and
distances for diving hoppers for pools, based on
board height above water, shall comply with Table

421.1 1(1) for public pools and Table 421.1 1 (2) for
private pools.

The maximum slope permitted between point D 2
and the transition point shall not exceed one unit
vertical to three units horizontal (1:3) in private and
public pools. D, is the point directly under the end
of the diving boards. D 2 is the point at which the
floor begins to slope upwards to the transition point.
See Figure 421.11.

Figure 421.11

MINIMUM WATER DEPTHS AND

DISTANCES BASED ON BOARD HEIGHT

FOR ALL PUBLIC, SEMI PUBLIC AND

PRIVATE POOLS

-TYPICAL POSITION OF TIP
OF BOARD RELATIVE TO PT.

TRANSITION POINT

Table 421.1 1(1)

MINIMUM WATER DEPTHS AND

DISTANCES BASED ON BOARD

HEIGHT FOR ALL PUBLIC POOLS

Board height

Minimum depth at

D] directly under

end of board

Distance
between
Dj andD->

Minimum

depth at

27" (% meter)

2'6" CA meter)
T meter
3 meter

TO"

T6"

':. 8'6"

1V0"

8'0"
9*0"

]0'0"

lO'O"

8'6"

: ico"

12'0"

Note a. 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

Table 421.11(2)

MINIMUM WATER DEPTHS AND

DISTANCES BASED ON BOARD HEIGHT

FOR PRIVATE POOLS

Board height

Minimum
depth at D [
directly under
end of board

Distance

between D]

andD 2

Minimum
depth atD^

I'8"('/ 2 meter)

6'0"

7'0"

76"

27" (% meter)
2'6" (V« meter)

6' 10"
7'5"

7'6"
8'0"

8'0"

3'4"(1 meter)

8'6"

9'0"

Note a. 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

780 CMR 4210 EXISTING BUILDINGS

422.1 Existing Buildings: See 780 CMR 34.

422.2 Places of assembly

422.2.1 Change of use: An existing building or
structure or part thereof shall not be altered or

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

CHAPTER 6

TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

780 CMR 601.0 GENERAL

601.1 Scope: The provisions 780 CMR 6 shall
control the classification of all buildings as to type
of construction.

601.2 Application of other laws: The provisions of
780 CMR 6 shall not be deemed to nullify any
provisions of the zoning law or any other statute of
the jurisdiction pertaining to the location or type of
construction of buildings, except as is specifically
required by the provisions of 780 CMR.

6013 Hospitals: Pursuant to M.G.L c 111, § 51,
hospitals other than college and school infirmaries
shall be constructed of at least Type IB
construction.

780 CMR 602.0 CONSTRUCTION
CLASSinCATION

602.1 General: All buildings and structures erected
or to be erected, altered or extended in height or
area shall be classified in one of the five
construction types defined in Table 602 and
780 CMR 603.0 through 606.0.

602.2 False designation: A building shall not be
designated as a given type of construction unless it
conforms to the minimum requirements for that type.

602.3 Minimum requirements: Where a type of
construction is used that is superior to the minimum
herein required for any specified use, height and area
of the building, nothing in 780 CMR shall be
construed to require full compliance with the
specifications for the higher type; but the designated
construction classification of the building shall be
that of the lesser type, unless all of the requirements
for the higher type are fulfilled.

602.4 No n combustibility requirements: Where a
structure or a part of a structure is required to be
constructed of noncombustible construction, the use
of combustible elements shall be permitted subject
to the limitations of 780 CMR 602.0 without altering

the construction classification.

602.4.1 Roofs, floors and walls: Combustible
elements in roofs, floors and walls are permitted
to be used for the following components:

1. Interior finish and trim materials as
regulated by 780 CMR 803.0, 804.0 and 806.0.

2. Light-transmitting plastics as permitted by
780CMR26.

3. Fireretardant-treated wood complying with
780 CMR 2310.0 as permitted by Table 602.

4. Mastics and caulking materials applied to
provide flexible seals between components of
exterior wall construction.

5. Roof covering materials as regulated by
780 CMR 15.

6. Thermal and sound insulation as permitted
by 780 CMR 707.4.722.0. 1509.0. 2309.4 and
2603.0.

7. Exterior veneer and trim as permitted by
780 CMR 1406.0.

8. Nailing or furring strips as permitted by
780 CMR 804.0.

9. Windows and doors as permitted by
780 CMR 706.4.

10. Heavy timber as permitted by 780 CMR
1006.3.1, 714.2 and 714.4.

11. Partitions as permitted by 780 CMR 603.2.

12. Roof structures as permitted by 780 CMR
1510.0.

13. Platforms as permitted by 780 CMR
412.4.1.

602.4.2 Ducts: The use of nonmetallic ducts is
permitted in accordance with the mechanical code
listed in Appendix A.

602.4 J Piping: The use of combustible piping
materials is permitted in accordance with the
mechanical and plumbing codes listed in
Appendix A.

602.4.4 Electrical: The use of insulated electrical
wiring and related components is permitted in
accordance with 527 CMR listedm Appendix A.

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119

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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

Table 602
FERE RESISTANCE RATINGS OF STRUCTURE ELEMENTS

Type of construction 780 CMR 602.0

Noncombustible

Noncombustible/Combustible

Combustible

Typel

780 CMR

603.0

Type 2
780 CMR 603.0

Type 3
780 CMR 604.0

Type 4

780 CMR

605.0

TypeS
780 CMR 606.0

Structure element

Protected

Unprotected

Protected

Unprotected

Heavy timber
Notec

Protected

Unprotected

Note a

1A 1 IB

2A 1 2B

1 Exterior walls

Loadbearing

4 1 3

2 1 1 2 2 2 1
Not less than the rating based on fire separation distance (see 780 CMR 705.2) -

Nonloadbearing

- Not less than the rating based on fire separation distance (see 780 CMR 705.2) -

2 Fire walls and party walls
(780 CMR 707.0)

4|3|2|2| 2 1 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 j 2
-Not less than the fireresistance rating required by Table 707. 1 -

Fire enclosure of
exits (780 CMR
1014.11,709.0
and Note b)

3 Fire separation
assemblies (780
CMR 709.0)

Shafts (other than
exits) & elevator
hoistway (780
CMR 709, 7 10.0
&Noteb)

Mixed use & fire
area separations
(780 CMR 313.0)

- Not less than the fireresistance rating required by Table 313.1.2-

Other Separation
assemblies
(Note i)

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
-Note d -

4 Fire partitions
(780 CMR
711.0)

Exit access

corridors

(Noteg)

- Not less then the fii
-Note d -

eresistano

i rating requii

edby780CM3

11011.4-

Tenant spaces
separations (Note

-Note d -

5 Dwelling unit separations

(780 CMR 7 1 1 .0, 7 1 3 .0 & Notes f

&j)

l|l|l|t| «
-Note d -

6 Smoke barriers (780CMR 712.0 &
Note p

7 Other nonloadbearing partitions

-N

uted-

8 Interior load-
bearing walls,
loadbearing par-
titions, col-
umns, girders,

Supporting more
than one floor

See

780 CMR

605.0

trusses (other
than roof truss-
es) & framing
(780 CMR
715.0)

Supporting one
floor only or a
roof only

1*4

See

780 CMR

605.0

9 Structural members supporting wall
(780 CMR 715.0 & Note g)

1*4

-Not less thi

infireresis

tance rating o

"wall supports

1
i-

1 Floor construction including beams
(780 CMR 713.0 & Note h)

1*4

See 780

CMR

605.0, Note c

1 1 Roof construc-
tion, including
beams, trusses

15' or less in
height to lowest

member

1*4

1
-N

3ted-

See 780
CMR

605.0, Note c

and framing,
arches & roof
deck (780 CMR
714.0 & Notes

More than 15' but
less than 20' in
height to lowest
member

1 | I
-Note d -

See

780 CMR

605.0

e,0

20' or more in
height to lowest

member

| | | |
-Noted-

See
780 CMR

60S0

120

780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION

a shaft enclosure that complies with 780 CMR
710.0.

Exceptions: A shaft enclosure is not required for
any of the following floor openings:

1 . A floor opening serving and contained within
a single dwelling unit and connecting four stories
or less.

2. A floor opening which:

2. 1 . Is not part of the required means of
egress;

2.2. Is not concealed within the building
construction;

2.3. Does not connect more than two stories;

2.4. Is separated from other floor openings
serving other floors by construction
conforming to 780 CMR 710.3; and

2.5. Is not open to a corridor in occupancies
in Use Groups I and R, or is not open to a
corridor on a floor not equipped throughout
with an approved automatic fire suppression
system in other use groups.

3. A floor opening in a mall that complies with
780 CMR 402.0.

4. A floor opening between a mezzanine that
complies with 780 CMR 505.0, and the floor
below.

5. An atrium that complies with 780 CMR
404.0.

6. A floor opening in an open parking structure
that complies with 780 CMR 406.0.

7. An approved masonry chimney where
annular space protection is provided for in
accordance with 780 CMR 720.6.4.

8. A shaft enclosure for an escalator floor
opening is not required where a shaft enclosure
is not required for floor openings in accordance

. with 780 CMR 713.3 or where the building is
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1 and
the escalator opening is protected in accordance
with 780 CMR 713.4.3.4 or 713.4.3.5.

9. A floor opening that complies with
780 CMR 410.5 in an occupancy in Use Group
1-3.

10. Noncombustible shafts connecting
communicating floor levels in an occupancy in
Use Group 1-3 where the area complies with
780 CMR 410.5. Where additional stories are
located above or below, the shaft shall be
permitted to continue with fire and smoke
damper protection provided at the fireresistance
rated floor/ceiling assembly between the
noncommunicating stories.

11. A single floor opening containing a
stairway which is not a required means of egress
in an occupancy in Use Group B and complying
with the following parameters:

11.1. The stairway does not connect more
than six floor levels.

1 1 .2. The stairway does not connect with
an exit access corridor.

1 1 .3. The stairway floor opening shall not
exceed 160 square feet (15 m 2 ).

1 1 .4. The stairway floor opening shall be
protected in the same manner as an escalator
floor opening complying with 780 CMR
713.3 Exception 8, and 524 CMR.

1 1 .5. The building is equipped throughout
with an approved automatic sprinkler system
in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1.

713.4 Penetration protection: All penetrations of a
floor/ceiling assembly or the ceiling membrane of a
roof/ceiling assembly shall be protected by a shaft
enclosure that complies with 780 CMR 710.0.

Exceptions:

1. Penetrations within and through a floor
opening permitted to be unenclosed by
780 CMR 713.3.

2. Penetrations through assemblies required to
be fireresistance rated and complying with
780 CMR 713.4.1 or 780 CMR 713.4.2.

3. Penetrations through assemblies without a
required fireresistance rating and complying
with 780 CMR 713.4.1 or 780 CMR 713.4.3.

713.4.1 Through-penetration system: A shaft
enclosure shall not be required where cables,
cable trays, conduits, tubes or pipes penetrate a
floor assembly and are protected with an
approved through-penetration protection system
tested in accordance with ASTM E814 listed in
Appendix A. The positive pressure differential
between the exposed and unexposed surfaces of
the test assembly shall not be less than 0.01 -inch
water gage (2.5 P). The system shall have an
"F" rating and a "T" rating of not less than 1
hour but not less than the required fireresistance
rating of the assembly being penetrated. All
penetrations through a ceiling that is an integral
component of a fireresistance rated floor/ceiling
or roof/ceiling assembly, shall comply with
780 CMR 713.4.2.

Exceptions:

1 . A "T" rating shall not be required for
floor penetrations that are contained and
located within the cavity of a wall.

2. A "T" rating shall not be required for
floor penetrations by pipe, tube and conduit
that are not in direct contact with
combustible material.

713.4.2 Fireresistance rated assemblies: The

required fireresistance rating of floor/ceiling and
roof/ceiling assemblies shall be determined in
accordance with ASTM El 19 listed in
Appendix A. Except where permitted by
780 CMR 713.4.2.1 through 713.4.2.3,
penetrations for electrical, mechanical, plumbing
and communication conduits, pipes and systems
shall be installed in accordance with the
approved ASTM El 19 rated assembly. In the

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135

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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

case of ceilings that are an integral component of
a fireresistance rated floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling
assembly, all penetrations shall be installed in
accordance with the approved ASTM El 19 rated
assembly or 780 CMR 713.4.2.3.

Exceptions:

1. Outlet boxes and fittings are permitted,
provided that such devices are listed for
installation in fireresistance rated assemblies
and are installed in accordance with the
listing.

2. Ceiling dampers shall not be required
where fire tests have shown that such
dampers are not necessary in order to
maintain the fireresistance rating of the
assembly.

713.4.2.1 Noncombustible penetrations:
Penetrations by noncombustible vents,
chimneys, conduits, pipes and tubes through
a fireresistance rated floor assembly which
connect not more than two stories are
permitted. Penetrations by noncombustible
conduit, pipe and tubes through a fireresis-
tance rated floor assembly which connect
more than two stories are permitted provided
that the aggregate area of the penetrating
items shall not exceed one square foot (0.09
m 2 ) in any 100 square feet (9.3 m 2 ) of floor
area. In all cases, the annular space between
the penetrating item and the assembly shall
be protected in accordance with 780 CMR
707.8.

713.4.2.2 Air ducts: Penetrations by an air
duct or plenum through a fireresistance rated
floor assembly, which connect not more than
two stories, are permitted where a fire
damper that complies with 780 CMR 717.0
is installed at the floor line. Afire damper is
not required at penetrations of a roof/ceiling
assembly where ducts are open to the
atmosphere.

713.4.23 Ceiling penetrations: In the case
of ceilings that are an integral component of
a fireresistance rated floor/ceiling or
roof/ceiling assembly, openings to accom-
modate noncombustible conduits, pipes,
tubes, electrical outlets or air ducts shall be
permitted provided that the aggregate area of
such openings does not exceed 100 square
inches (0.065 m 2 ) in any 100 square feet (9.3
m 2 ) of ceiling area. The space around
noncombustible conduits, pipes, tubes and
electrical outlet boxes at the ceiling
penetration shall be firestopped in
accordance with 780 CMR 720.6.4 or shall
be protected in accordance with 780 CMR
709.7 or 780 CMR 713.4.1. For

noncombustible air duct penetrations, an
approved ceiling damper shall be installed at
the ceiling line. Ceiling dampers shall be
constructed in accordance with the details
listed in a fireresistance rated design or shall
be labeled to function as a heat barrier for
air-handling outlet/inlet penetrations in the
ceiling of a fireresistance rated assembly.

713.43 Nonlireresistance rated assemblies:

Penetrations of floor assemblies without a
required fireresistance rating shall conform to
780 CMR 713.4.3.1 through 713.4.3.3. All
penetrations through the ceiling membrane of a
roof assembly without a required fireresistance
rating shall be protected in accordance with
780 CMR 720.6.4.

713.43.1 Noncombustible penetrations:
Penetrations by noncombustible vents,
chimneys, conduits, pipes and tubes through
unprotected floor assemblies which connect
not more than three stories are permitted
provided that the annular space between the
penetrating item and the floor is protected in
accordance with 780 CMR 720.6.4.

713.43.2 Air ducts: Penetrations by
noncombustible air ducts through unprotect-
ed floor assemblies which connect not more
than three stories are permitted provided that
a fire damper complying with 780 CMR
717.0 is installed at each floor line.
713.433 Noncombustible or combustible
penetrations: Penetrations by vents,
chimneys, cables, wires, air ducts, conduits,
pipes and tubes through an unprotected floor
assembly which connect not more than two
stories are permitted provided that the
annular space is protected in accordance
with 780 CMR 720.6.4.

713.43.4 Escalators/automatic fire
shutter: Escalators shall be equipped with a
power-operated automatic shutter at every
floor pierced thereby, constructed of
approved noncombustible materials with a
fire protection rating of not less than 114
hours. The shutter shall close immediately
upon the automatic detection of fire and
smoke by an approved device and shall
completely shut off the well opening. The
shutter shall operate at a speed of not more
than 30 feet per minute (0.15 m/s) and shall
be equipped with a sensitive leading edge to
arrest the shutter's progress when in contact
with any obstacle, and to continue the
shutter's progress on release therefrom.
Refer to 780 CMR 713.3, Exception 8.

136

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

FIRERESISTANT MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION

713.4.3.5 Escalators/water curtain: The

area of the floor opening shall not exceed
twice the horizontal projected area of the
escalator and the opening shall not connect
more than four stories in occupancies in
other that Use Groups B and M and the
opening shall be protected by a draft curtain
and a closed sprinkler water curtain
conforming to NFiPA 13 listed in
Appendix A. Refer to 780 CMR 713.3,
Exception 8

780 CMR 714.0 ROOF CONSTRUCTION

714.1 General: Roofs shall be constructed of
materials or assemblies of materials designed to
afford the fireresistance rating required by Table 602
as herein modified.

714.2 Stadiums: The roof construction, including
beams, trusses, framing, arches and roof decks,

enclosing stadiums of Type 1 or Type 2
construction, shall be of approved noncombustible
materials without a specified fireresistance rating or
of Type 4 construction.

7143 Roofs 20 feet or higher: Where every part of
the structural framework of roofs in buildings of
Type 1 or Type 2 construction is 20 feet (6096 mm)
or more above the floor immediately below,
omission of all fire protection of the structural
members is permitted, including the protection of
trusses, roof framing and decking.

714.4 Roof slabs, arches and decking: Where the
omission of fire protection from roof trusses, roof
framing and decking is permitted, roofs in buildings
of Types 1 and 2 construction shall be constructed of
noncombustible materials, or of fireretardant- treated
wood as permitted in Table 602, without a specified
fireresistance rating, or of Type 4 construction in

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780 CMR - Sixth Edition

136.1

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
NON-TEXT PAGE

1362 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

CHAPTER 9

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS

(This Chapter is Entirely Unique to Massachusetts)

780 CMR 901.0 GENERAL
901.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 9 shall
specify where fire protection systems are required
and shall apply to the design, installation,
maintenance and operation of all fire protection
systems in all buildings and structures.

901.1.1 Seismic Requirements: All "required"
and "non-required" fire protection systems shall
be installed in accordance with the Seismic
Criteria requirements of 780 CMR 1612.7,
Architectural, Mechanical and Electrical
Components and Systems.

9012 Required systems: All fire protection systems
required by 780 CMR shall be installed, repaired,
operated and maintained in accordance with this
code and the applicable reference standards listed in
Appendix A. All required fire suppression and
standpipe systems shall be provided with at least one
automatic supply of fire-extinguishing agent of
adequate pressure, capacity and reliability to
perform the function intended.

9013 Nonrequired systems: Any fire protection
system or portion thereof not required by 780 CMR
shall be permitted to be finished for partial or
complete protection provided that such installed
system meets applicable requirements of 780 CMR.
A building permit shall be required for systems
installed pursuant to 780 CMR 901.3

901.4 Maintenance: All water based fire protection
systems shall be maintained in accordance with
NFPA 25 as listed in Appendix A. All other fire
protection systems shall be maintained in accordance
with the requirements of the applicable reference
standards and standards listed in Appendix A. The
owner, tenant or lessee of every building or structure
shall be responsible for the care and maintenance of
all fire protection systems, including equipment and
devices, to ensure the safety and welfare of the
occupants. Fire protection systems shall not be
disconnected or otherwise rendered unserviceable
without first notifying the local fire department in
accordance with M.G.L. c. 148 § 27 A.

When installations of fire protection systems are
interrupted for repairs or other necessary reasons,
the owner, tenant or lessee shall immediately advise
the local fire department and shall diligently
prosecute the restoration of the protection.

901.5 Threads: All threads provided for fire depart-
ment connections to sprinkler systems, standpipes.

yard hydrants or any other fire hose connection shall
be compatible with the connections used by the local
fire department.

901.6 Signs: All signs required to identify fire
protection equipment, equipment rooms and
equipment locations shall be constructed of durable
materials, be permanently installed and be readily
visible. Letters and numbers shall contrast with the
sign background, shall be at least two inches in
height and shall have an appropriate width-to-height
ratio to permit the sign to be read easily from a
distance of ten feet. The sign and location shall be
approved by the local fire department.

Exception: See also 780 CMR 906.8 for entrance
doors to sprinkler control valve rooms and
780 CMR 915.8 for fire department connections.

780 CMR 902.0 DEFINITIONS
902.1 General: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 9 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR have the meanings shown
herein.

Alarm verification: A feature of automatic fire
detection systems to reduce unwanted alarms
wherein automatic fire detectors report alarm
conditions for a minimum period of time, or
confirm alarm conditions within a given period,
after being automatically reset to be accepted as a
valid alarm initiation signal (see 780 CMR 91 8.0).

Approval/Permit To Install: The term refers to
permits outside the jurisdiction of the building
official, issued under authority of M.G.L. c. 148,
§10Aor527CMR.

Authority Having Jurisdiction: The term
"Authority Having Jurisdiction" as used in the
NFPA Standards as referenced in 780 CMR 9,
shall mean the building official for enforcement of
780 CMR and the BBRS for interpretation, waiver
or variences (see 780 CMR 122.0; see official
interpretation number 35-94 listed in Appendix B)

Automatic: As applied to fire protection devices,
automatic refers to a device or system that pro-
vides an emergency function without the necessity
of human intervention and activated as a result of
a predetermined temperature rise, rate of tempera-
ture rise or increase in the level of combustion
products - such as incorporated in an automatic
sprinkler system, automatic fire door, etc.

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Automatic fire suppression system: An engineered
system using carbon dioxide (CO;), foam, wet or
dry chemical, a halogenated extinguishing agent,
or an automatic sprinkler system to detect
automatically and suppress a fire through fixed
piping and nozzles (see 780 CMR 904.0).

Construction Documents: As defined in 780 CMR 2.

Deluge system: An automatic sprinkler system
consisting of open sprinklers with water supply
valves activated by a separate automatic detection
system (see 780 CMR 908.0).

Detector, heat: An alarm-initiating device that
detects abnormally high temperature or rate of
temperature rise (see 780 CMR 918.0).

Detector, smoke: An alarm-initiating device that
detects the visible or invisible particles of
combustion (see 780 CMR 91 8.0).

Emergency Voice/alarm signaling system: A

system that provides, to the occupants of a
building, dedicated manual or automatic facilities,
or both, for originating and distributing voice
instructions, as well as alert and evacuation
signals that pertain to a fire emergency (see
780 CMR 917.0).

Fire alarm box, manual: A manually operated
alarm-initiating device that activates a fire
protective signaling system (see 780 CMR 917.0).

Fire command station ( Fire command center):

The principal location where the status of the
detection, alarm, communications and control
systems is displayed, and from which the
system(s) has the capability for manual control
(see 780 CMR 403.7 and 917.9).

Fire Department Designee: An individual
authorized by the chief of the fire department to
review and approve fire protection system plans
and installation.

Fire detector, automatic: An alarm-initiating device
that automatically detects heat, smoke or other
products of combustion (see 780 CMR 918.0).

Fire Protection Construction Documents:

Documents containing the requirements of
780 CMR 903.1.1, 903.1.2, 903.1 .3.

Fire protection system: Devices, equipment and
systems used to detect a fire, activate an alarm,
suppress or control a fire, or any combination
thereof.

Fire Protective Signaling System (Fire Alarm
System): A system or portion of a combination

system consisting of components and circuits
arranged to monitor and annunciate the status of
fire alarm or supervisory signal initiating devices
and to initiate appropriate response to those
signals.

Household Fire Warning System: A household
fire warning system consists of single or multiple
station detectors or a listed control unit with
automatic fire detectors and occupant notification
appliances. The household fire warning system
serves only one dwelling unit, patient room, hotel
room or other single area depending on use group
requirements in 780 CMR 919.1 through 919.3

Installing Contractor:An individual or firm duly
licensed to install fire protection systems. (See
780 CMR 903.3)

• Automatic Sprinklers Systems - M.G.L.
c 146, §§ 81 through 8SA, 528 CMR 11.00
and 12.00

• Fire Extinguishing systems - M. G.L. c 148,
§§ 58, 527 CMR 23.00

• Fire Alarm Systems - M.G.L. c 141, §§ 1
through 10, 237 CMR 1.00 through 6.00

Maintenance of Fire Protections Systems:

Replacement or repair of any component or
components of a fire protection system, where
such does not affect system performance and
compatibility. (Also see Modifications,

Alterations, Additions or Deletions to Fire
Protection Systems). No building permit is
required for maintenance. Other permits,
however, may be required pursuant to M.G.L.
c.148, § 27A and 527 CMR.

Modifications, Alterations, Additions or Deletions
to Fire Protection Systems: Any changes which
affect the performance of the fire protection
system. (Also see maintenance). Such changes
require a building permit and are subject to other
permitting requirements pursuant to M.G.L.
c. 148, § 27 A.

Master Box: A municipal fire alarm box that may
also be operated by remote means.

Municipal Fire Alarm System: A system of alarm
initiating devices, receiving equipment, and
connecting circuits (other than a public telephone
network) used to transmit alarms from street
locations to the public fire service
communications center.

Preaction system: A fire sprinkler system employing
automatic sprinklers attached to a piping system
containing air with a supplemental fire detection
system installed in the same areas as the
sprinklers. Actuation of the fire detection system
automatically opens a valve that permits water to

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flow into the sprinkler piping system and to be Remote station fire alarm system supervising

discharged from any open sprinklers (see station: Refer to the definitions in chapter 1 of

780 CMR 906.9.6). NFPA-72 and to further details as identified in

chapter 4 of NFPA-72 as listed in Appendix A.

Proprietary supervising station: Refer to the

definition in chapter 1 of NFPA-72 and to Shop Drawings: Scaled detailed working drawings

further details as identified in chapter 4 of (system layout) and equipment specifications (cut

NFPA-72 as listed in Appendix A. sheets) indicating all information in accordance

with requirements of the applicable NFPA

Registered Professional Engineer: A Registered Standards for the specific fire protection systems

Professional Engineer registered by the Board of to be installed in accordance with the Registered

Registration of Professional Engineers and of Professional Engineer's plans and specifications.
Land Surveyors in accordance with M.G.L.
c. 112, §§ 81D through 81T and 250 CMR (see
780 CMR 903.1.3 and 903.5).

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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS

Smoke detector, multiple station: Single-station
smoke detectors that are capable of being
interconnected such that actuation of one causes
all integral or separate audible alarms to operate
(see 780 CMR 919.0).

Smoke detector, single station: An assembly
incorporating the detector, the control equipment
and the alarm-sounding device in one unit, which
is operated from a power supply either in the unit
or obtained at the point of installation (see
780 CMR 919.0).

Sprinkler: A device, connected to a water supply
system, that discharges water in a specific pattern
for extinguishment or control of fire (see
780 CMR 906.0).

Sprinkler system, automatic: A sprinkler system, for
fire protection purposes, is an integrated system of
underground or overhead piping designed in
accordance with fire protection engineering
standards. The system includes a suitable water
supply. The portion of the system above the
ground is a network of specially or hydraulically
designed piping installed in a building, structure
or area, generally overhead, and to which
automatic sprinklers are connected in a systematic
pattern. The system is usually activated by heat
from a fire and discharges water over \hefire area
(see 780 CMR 906.0).

Sprinkler system, limited area: An automatic
sprinkler system consisting of not more than 20
sprinklers within a fire area (see 780 CMR
907.0).

Standpipe system: A standpipe system is a fire
protection system consisting of an arrangement of
piping, valves, hose outlets and allied equipment
installed in a building or structure (see 780 CMR
914.0).

Supervisory device: An initiating device used to
monitor the conditions that are essential for the
proper operation of automatic fire-protection
systems (i.e., switches used to monitor the
position of gate valves, a low air-pressure switch
on a dry-pipe sprinkler system, etc.) (see
780 CMR 923.0).

U.L. Listed or FM approved central station service:
Central station service as defined in Chapter 1 of
NFPA-72 and as further identified in chapter 4
ofNFPA 72 as listed in Appendix A.

Water supply, automatic: A water supply that is not
dependent on any manual operation, such as
making connections, operating valves or starting
pumps (see 780 CMR 914.5).

780 CMR 903.0 FERE PROTECTION
SYSTEMS APPROVAL/ACCEPTANCE
903.1 Required: Complete fire protection
construction documents shall be submitted in
accordance with 780 CMR 110 and a building
permit obtained prior to the installation of all
"required" or "non required" fire protection systems,
including modifications, alterations, additions or
deletions to an existing fire protection system. The
fire protection construction documents shall contain
sufficient information to completely describe ihefire
protection systems, including operational features.
The information required pursuant to 780 CMR
903.0 shall include, where required, the items listed
in 780 CMR 903.1.1:

Exception: Maintenance; no building permit
required.

903.1.1 Fire Protection Construction
Documents:

1. a. Basis (methodology) of design for the
protection of the occupancy and hazards for
compliance with 780 CMR and applicable
NFPA Standards, in the form of a narrative
report.

b. Sequence of operation of all fire
protection systems and operation in the form
of a narrative report.

c. Testing criteria to be used for final
system acceptance in the form of a narrative
report.

2. Building and site access for fire fighting
and/or rescue vehicle(s) and personnel.

3. Fire hydrant(s) location and water supply
information.

4. Type/description and design layout of the
automatic sprinkler system(s).

5. Automatic sprinkler system(s) control
equipment location.

6. Type/description and design layout of the
automatic standpipe system(s).

7. Standpipe system hose valve(s) type and
location.

8. Fire department Siamese connection type(s)
and location.

9. Type/description and design layout of the
fire protective signaling system(s).

1 0. Fire protective signaling system(s) control
equipment and remote annunciator location.

1 1 . Type/description and design layout of the
smoke control or exhaust system(s).

12. Smoke control or exhaust system(s)
control equipment location.

13. Building life, safety system features
(auxiliary functions) required to be integrated
as part of the fire protective signaling
system(s).

14. Type/description and design layout of the
fire extinguishing system(s).

15. Fire extinguishing system(s) control
equipment location.

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16. Fire protection system(s) equipment room
location.

17. Fire protection system(s) equipment
identification and operation signs.

18. Fire protection system(s) alarm/
supervisory signal transmission method and
location.

903.1.2 Plans: All fire protection system plans
shall contain sufficient information to identify the
occupancy, hazards, system and equipment
arrangements, system and equipment sizing,
systems specifications, systems sequence(s) of
operation and design/engineering calculations.

903.13 Design: All fire protection systems and
fire protection system operation including
building and site features as identified in
780 CMR 903.1 1 shall be designed and specified
by a qualified Registered Professional Engin-
eer(s)except as provided in M.G.L. c. 143, § 54A
and any profession or trade as provided in M.G.L.
c. 1 12, § 60L and M.G.L. c. 1 12, § 81R All plans
shall bear the original seal and signature of the
Registered Professional Engineer(s), except as
provided in M.G.L. c. 143, § 54A and any
profession or trade as provided in M.G.L. c. 1 12,
§ 60L and M.G.L. c. 112, § 81R Specifications
shall include requirements for the preparation of
shop drawings when required by 780 CMR or
applicable NFPA Standards. The Registered
Professional Engineer(s) or other legally
recognized professional (M.G.L. c. 112, § 81R)
shall be responsible for the review and certify that
all shop drawings conform to the approved fire
protection construction documents as submitted
for the building permit and approved by the
building official.

903.1.4 As-built plans: In accordance with the
applicable referenced standards, as-built plans
shall be prepared by the contractor responsible for
the installation of the fire protection system for
the following occupancies:

(a) High-rise buildings

(b) Buildings and structures of Use Group A
with a total occupant load exceeding 1000.

(d) Use Group 1-2 and 1-3 except 1-2 Uses
provided for in 780 CMR 424.

(e) Bulk Merchandising/Retail occupancies
(See 780 CMR 416.0).

As-built plans shall be provided to the owner
upon completion.

903.1.5 Safeguarding Construction: The fire
protection construction documents shall provide
specifications for conformance to 780 CMR 33
and NFPA-241 listed in Appendix A in order to
safeguard against fires during construction,
alterations and demolition of all buildings and
structures regulated by 780 CMR.

903.2 Authority: In accordance with the
requirements of 780 CMR 1 10 and 780 CMR 903.1
the building of official shall transmit one set of the
fire protection construction documents (780 CMR
903.1.1) and building construction documents to the
head of the fire department or his designee for
review and approval of the items specified in
780 CMR 903.1.1.

Note:

1. M.G.L. c. 148 §§ 26G, 26H and 261, when
adopted by a city or town, will impact the fire
protection requirements of 780 CMR 9. A
building official shall consult Official
Interpretation Number 45-96, listed in
Appendix B, for guidance, where communities
have adopted M.G.L. c. 148, §§ 26G, 26H, and/or
261.

2. In addition to the building permit requirements
for fire protection systems in 780 CMR, M.G.L.
c. 148 § 10A and 527 CMR may impose
additional installation permitting requirements.

903.2.1 Alternative Fire Protection Design
Methodologies - Independent Engineering
Review: Where alternative design methodologies
are utilized and where such methodologies result
in designs which vary from any prescriptive
requirement of 780 CMR, the owner shall engage
an independent registered professional engineer to
review said alternative design methodologies.
The scope of the independent registered
professional engineer review shall include, but not
be limited to the following;

(a) Review of the design assumptions,
methodologies and resulting proposed system
designs, to determine whether the proposed fire
protection system designs and any other
systems which are affected by the design
assumptions, are consistent with the general
objectives and prescriptive provisions of this
code and to determine whether or not the
methodologies and assumptions conform to
accepted engineering practice;

(b) Preparation of a written report to the
building official as to the appropriateness of
the proposed design, specifically listing any
variances from the prescriptive provisions of
780 CMR and describing, in detail, the design
provisions used to achieve compliance.

If the reviewing engineer concurs with the
proposed design, the owner shall make
application for a variance, to the State Building
Code Appeals Board as provided in 780 CMR
122. In addition to all supporting information and
materials, the reviewing engineer's report
required in 780 CMR 903.2.1(b) shall be included
in the application for variance.

A building permit shall not be issued until the
variance, if required, has been granted, or unless
the building permit is issued in part, as provided
for in 780 CMR 111.13.

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9033 Fire Protection Systems Installation: Fire

protection systems shall be installed by contractors
and personnel appropriately licensed in the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts {licensed
installing contractor). Shop drawings required for
submittals and reviews by the Registered
Professional Engineer, or other legally recognized
professional (M.G.L. c. 112,§ 81R), by 780 CMR
903.1.3 or by applicable NFPA Standards shall note
the name(s), license number(s) and license
expiration date(s) of the contractors) installing the
fire protection systems.

903.4 Acceptance: In accordance with the
provisions of 780 CMR 120, a Certificate of
Occupancy shall not issue until the building official
and the head of the fire department or their
designees have witnessed a satisfactory functional
test of all fire protection systems, installed in
accordance with the approved fire protection
construction documents. All fire protection systems
shall be tested in accordance with the applicable
provisions of 780 CMR and NFPA Standards and
approved testing criteria and operational sequence as
submitted in 780 CMR 903.1.1, items l.b and c. In
addition, the following documents and/or
information shall be simultaneously submitted to the
building official and head of the fire department or
their designees prior to the witnessing of the
operational fire protection system(s) testing:

1. Certification, from the Registered
Professional Engineer or other legally recognized
professional (M.G.L. c. 112, § 81R) responsible
for the design in accordance with 780 CMR
903.1.3 stating that the fire protection systems
have been installed in accordance with the
approved fire protection construction documents
and that he has reviewed the shop drawings for
conformance to 780 CMR 903.3 and has
identified deviations if any, from the approved
fire protection construction documents.

2. Confirmation by the building owner/developer
or authorized representative that they have
received the as-built fire protection system shop
drawings from the installing contractor and that
the Registered Professional Engineer or other
legally recognized professional (M.G.L. c. 1 12,
§ 81R) has certified their reasonable accuracy.

3. Material, Test, Performance and Completion
Certificates, properly executed by the installing
contractor in accordance with the applicable
NFPA Standards.

Exception: In lieu of witnessing a satisfactory
functional test, the building official and head of
the fire department or their designees may accept
a final performance acceptance test report from a
Registered Professional Engineer or other legally
recognized professional (M.G.L. c. 112, §81R).
Said report shall certify that a complete
satisfactory functional test of all fire protection
systems in accordance with the approved testing

criteria and operational sequence have been
witnessed.

903.4.1 Conditional Acceptance: The

requirements of 780 CMR 903.4 shall not
preclude the issuance of a temporary Certificate
of occupancy by the Building Official in
accordance with 780 CMR 120.3.

780 CMR 904.0 FIRE SUPPRESSION
SYSTEMS

904.1 Where required: Automatic fire suppression
systems shall be installed where required by
780 CMR, and in the locations indicated in
780 CMR 904.2 through 904.9.

Exceptions:

1. An automatic fire suppression system shall not
be required in portions of buildings that comply
with 780 CMR 406.0 for open parking structures
less than 70 feet in height above mean grade.

2. In telecommunications equipment buildings,
an automatic fire suppression system shall not be
required in those spaces or areas occupied
exclusively for telecommunications equipment,
associated electrical power distribution
equipment, batteries and standby engines,
provided that those spaces or areas are equipped
throughout with an automatic fire detection
system in accordance with 780 CMR 918.0 and
are separated from the remainder of the building
with fire separation assemblies consisting of one-
hour fireresistance rated walls and two-hour
fireresistance rated floor/ceiling assemblies.

Note: Also Refer to M.G.L. c. 148, § 26A and
26G

904.1.1 Additional requirements: When a
building or structure is provided with a fire alarm
system, all extinguishing systems installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR 904
through 914, shall be connected to the fire alarm
system in accordance with the requirements of
NFPA 72 as listed in Appendix A.

904.1.1.1 Fire pump requirements: Refer to

780 CMR 924.

904.2 Use Groups A-l, A-3,- A-4, B, E, M, S-l,
F-l in buildings of 12,000 sf or greater in
aggregate floor area: An automatic fire suppression
system shall be provided throughout all portions or
uses of all buildings of 12,000 sf or greater in
aggregate area when any of the following uses are
located within the building;

A-l, A-3, A-4, B, E, M, S-l, F-l
780 CMR 904.2 shall apply whether or not the use is
separated from any other use within the building by
fire separation assemblies.

Exceptions:

1. Existing buildings: Existing buildings which

qualify as such in accordance with 780 CMR

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3400.3.1 and which undergo a partial change in
use to a use or uses specified in 780 CMR 904.2
or are mixed use buildings which undergo
renovation of a use or uses specified in 780 CMR
904.2, shall be provided with automatic fire
suppression systems in accordance with the
following:

(a) only in those portions of the building
which have been changed in use and only when
such space or spaces exceed 12,000 sf in
aggregate floor area.

(b) only in those portions of the building
which have been altered or renovated provided
that such renovation constitutes substantial
alterations or substantial renovations, in
accordance with 780 CMR 3401 and only
when such space or spaces exceed 12,000 sf in
aggregate floor area.

2. Public Garages: Public Garages shall conform
to 780 CMR 408.0.

Note: See also M.G.L. c. 148, §§ 26A and
26G.

9043 Use Group A-2 in buildings of 5,000 sf or
greater in aggregate floor area: An automatic fire
suppression system shall be provided throughout all
portions or uses of all buildings of 5,000 sf or
greater in aggregate area when any A-2 use is
located within the building;

780 CMR 904.3 shall apply whether or not the
A-2 use is separated from any other use within the
building by fire separation assemblies.

Exception:

1. Existing buildings: Existing buildings which
qualify as such in accordance with 780 CMR
3400.3.1 which undergo a partial change in use to
an A-2 use or partial renovation of an existing A-
2 use shall be provided with an automatic fire
suppression system only in those portions of the
building which have been changed to an A-2 use
or those existing A-2 uses which have been
renovated when such renovation constitutes
substantial alterations or substantial renovations,
in accordance with 780 CMR 3401 and only when
the proposed or existing A-2 use exceeds 5,000 sf
in aggregate floor area.

904.4 Use Group H: An automatic fire suppression
system shall be provided throughout all buildings of
Use Group H.

Exception: Magazines used for the storage of Use
Group H-l materials which are constructed and
located in accordance with NFPA 495 and
527 CMR listed in Appendix A.

Note: See also M.G.L. c. 148, §§ 26 A and 26G.

904.5 Use Group I: An automatic fire suppression
system shall be provided throughout all buildings of
Use Group I.

Note: See also M.G.L. c. 148, §§ 26A and 26G.

904.6 Use Group R-l: An automatic fire
suppression system shall be provided throughout all
buildings or spaces of Use Group R-l in accordance
with 780 CMR 906.2.1 or 906.2.2.

904.7 Use Group R-2: An automatic fire
suppression system shall be provided throughout all
buildings with an occupancy in Use Group R-2 in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1 or 906.2.2.

Note: See also M.G.L. c. 148, §§ 26A and 261.

904.8 Windowless story: An automatic fire
suppression system shall be provided throughout
every story or basement of all buildings where there
is not provided at least one of the following types of
openings:

1. An exterior stairway that conforms to the
requirements of 780 CMR 1014.0, or an outside
ramp that conforms to the requirements of
780 CMR 1016.0, leading directly to grade in
each 50 linear feet (15240 mm) or fraction thereof
of exterior wall in the story or basement, on at
least one side of the building.

2. Openings entirely above the adjoining ground
level totaling 20 square feet (1.9 m 2 ) in each 50
linear feet (15240 mm) or fraction thereof of
exterior wall in the story or basement, on at least
one side of the building. Openings shall have a
least dimension of not less than 22 inches (559
mm), and shall have a minimum net clear opening
of five square feet (0.5m 2 ). Access to such
openings from the exterior shall be provided to
the fire department and such openings shall be
unobstructed to allow fire-fighting and rescue
operations from the exterior.

When openings in a story are provided on only
one side and the opposite wall of such story is more
than 75 feet (22860 mm) from such openings, the
story shall be equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system, or openings as specified
herein shall be provided on at least two sides of the
exterior walls of the story. If any portion of a
basement is located more than 75 feet (22860 mm)
from the openings required in 780 CMR 904.0, the
basement shall be provided with an automatic
sprinkler system.

Exception: Occupancies in Use Group R-3.

904.9 Other required suppression systems: In

addition to the requirements of 780 CMR 904.2
through 904.8, automatic fire suppression systems
for certain buildings and areas shall be provided in
accordance with Table 904.9.

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Table 904.9
ADDITIONAL REQUIRED SUPPRESSION

SYSTEMS (1)

780 CMR Section

Subject

302.1.1
402.10; 402.15.2

403.2
404.2
408.3.1,
408.4
426.0

780 CMR Section

Specific occupancy areas

Covered mall buildings

High-rise buildings

Atriums

Public garages

Fuel-dispensing areas !?

Bulk Merchandizing/Warehouse

Occupancies
Subject

411.7
412.6
413.4
416.4

Sound stages

Stages and enclosed platforms
Special amusement buildings
HPM facilities

419.3 Paint spray booths and storage

rooms

Open parking structures more than
70 feet in height above the mean
grade (M.G.L. c. 148, § 26A)

507.1

Unlimited area buildings

1020.3

Exit lobbies

2806.4

Drying rooms

2807.6

Waste and linen chutes and

termination and incinerator

rooms

2808.4

Refuse vaults

Note (1) See also M.G.L. c. 148, §§ 26A, 26G, 26H, and
261.

780 CMR 905.0 SUPPRESSION SYSTEM
AGENT COMPATIBILITY

905.1 Agent compatibility: The extinguishing agent
for each suppression system shall be compatible with
the type of hazard and fire. Each fixed fire
suppression system shall be of an approved type and
shall be designed and installed in accordance with
the requirements of 780 CMR.

905.1.1 Special hazards: In rooms or buildings
containing combustibles (such as aluminum
powder, calcium carbide, calcium phosphide,
metallic sodium and potassium, quick-lime,
magnesium powder or sodium peroxide) that are
incompatible with water as an extinguishing
agent, other extinguishing agents shall be utilized.

780 CMR 906.0 FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM

906.1 General: Automatic sprinkler systems shall be
approved and shall be designed and installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR.

906.2 Equipped throughout: Where the provisions
of 780 CMR require that a building or portion
thereof be equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system, the system shall be designed and
installed in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1,
906.2.2 or 906.2.3.

Exception: Where water as an extinguishing
agent is not compatible with the fire hazard (see
780 CMR 905.1) or is prohibited by a law, statute
or ordinance, the affected area shall be equipped
with an approved automatic fire suppression
system utilizing a suppression agent that is
compatible with the fire hazard.

906.2.1 NFiPA 13 systems: The system shall be
designed and installed in accordance with NFiPA
13 listed in Appendix A.

906.2.2 NFiPA 13R systems: In buildings four
stories or less in height, systems designed and
installed in accordance with NFiPA 13R listed in
Appendix A shall be permitted in Use Group 1-1
buildings with not more than 16 occupants and in
Use Group R buildings.

906.23 NFiPA 13D systems: In Use Group R-3
buildings with at least two-hour fireresistance
rated fire separation assemblies between dwelling
units, or in Use Group 1-1 buildings with not more
than eight occupants, systems designed and
installed in accordance with NfiPA 13D listed in
Appendix A shall be permitted.

9063 Design: Design documentation shall be in
accordance with 780 CMR 903.

906.4 Actuation: Water sprinkler systems shall be
automatically actuated unless otherwise specifically
provided for in 780 CMR.

906.5 Sprinkler alarms: Approved audible and
visual alarm devices shall be connected to every
water sprinkler system. Such alarm devices shall be
activated by water flow and shall be located in an
approved location on the exterior of the building and
throughout the building in accordance with the
requirements of NFPA-72 listed mAppendixA.

906.6 Water-control valve identification: All

valves controlling water to fire protection systems
shall be provided with permanently attached
identification tags indicating the valves' function and
what is controlled.

906.7 Sprinkler riser: A sprinkler system riser
which also serves as the wet standpipe riser in
buildings required to have or having both systems,
shall conform to 780 CMR 914.6.

906.8 Signs: Where sprinkler control valves are
located in a separate room or building, a sign shall
be provided on the entrance door. The lettering shall
be at least 254 inches (63.5 mm) in height and shall
otherwise conform to 780 CMR 901 .6 and shall read
"Sprinkler Control Valves."

906.9 Acceptance tests: All sprinkler systems shall
be tested in accordance with the applicable NFPA

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Standards used for sprinkler system design and
Installation and listed in Appendix A.

906.9.1 Underground connections: Underground
mains and lead-in connections shall be flushed
and tested in accordance with NFiPA 13 and 24
listed in Appendix A .

906.9.2 Hydrostatic test: All sprinkler systems shall
be tested hydrostatically in accordance with the
applicable NFPA Standards listed in Appendix A.

780 CMR 907.0 LIMITED AREA SPRINKLER
SYSTEMS

907.1 General: A limited area sprinkler system shall
be of an approved type and shall be installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR 907.0.
Complete fire protection construction documents
shall be provided. (See 780 CMR 903.0.)

907.2 Where permitted: Where the provisions of
780 CMR require the installation of a fire
suppression system, and a water sprinkler
extinguishing system is used with a limited number
of sprinklers, a limited area sprinkler system that
complies with the requirements of 780 CMR 907.0
is permitted to be installed.

907.2.1 Special occupancy areas: A limited area
sprinkler system shall be permitted within special
occupancy areas as designated in 780 CMR 4 or
within specific occupancy areas as designated in
780 CMR 302.1.1, provided that the area is
enclosed within fire separation assemblies as
required by 780 CMR, and 20 sprinklers or less
are required to protect each separately enclosed
area. Where nonfireresistance rated separation
walls are permitted by Table 302.1.1 to enclose
contiguous specific occupancy areas on one floor,
the areas shall be considered to be one separately
enclosed area for the purposes of determining the
number of sprinklers based on the spacing
limitations of NFPA 13 listed in Appendix A.

907.2.2 Unenclosed floor openings, waste and
linen chutes, and kitchen and hazardous
exhaust systems: A limited area sprinkler system
shall be permitted to protect unenclosed escalator
floor openings that comply with 780 CMR
907.2.2.1, chutes used for waste or linen collec-
tion, commercial kitchen exhaust systems and
duct systems that exhaust hazardous materials.

907.2.2.1 Water curtain: The area of the floor
opening shall not exceed twice the horizontal
projected area of the escalator and the opening
shall not connect more than four stories in
occupancies in other than Use Groups B and M
and the opening shall be protected by a draft
curtain and a closed sprinkler water system
conforming to NfiPA 13 listed in Appendix A.

Note: Relative to escalator floor openings,

also see 780 CMR 713.3.

907.3 Design: Except as otherwise provided for in
780 CMR 907.0, a limited area sprinkler system
shall be designed and installed in accordance with
780 CMR 906.0.

907.4 Actuation: A limited area sprinkler system
shall be automatically actuated.

907.5 Sprinkler alarms: Alarms and alarm
attachments shall be required and shall be located
and installed in accordance with the requirements of
780 CMR 906.5.

907.6 Standpipe connection: The water supply for
the limited area sprinkler system shall be from the
building standpipe system where the building is
equipped with a standpipe system that is sized for a
500-gallon-per-minute (0.032 m Is) minimum flow
and has an automatic water supply (see 780 CMR
914.5).

907.6.1 Domestic supply: Where limited area
sprinkler systems are supplied from the domestic
water system, the domestic water system shall be
designed to support adequately the design flow of
the largest number of sprinklers required to be
hydraulically calculated by NFiPA 13 listed in
Appendix A in any one of the enclosed areas plus
the domestic demand.

907.6.2 Cross connection: The potable water
supply shall be protected against backflow in
accordance with the requirements of the Plumbing
and Gas Code (248 CMR), and the Department of
Environmental Protection Regulations, 310 CMR
as listed in Appendix A as well as any cross-
connection protection criteria legally set forth by
the water supplier/purveyor having local
jurisdiction.

907.63 Domestic connection: Shutoff valves

shall not be permitted in the suppression system

piping. Water supply shall be controlled by the

riser control valve to the domestic water piping.

Exception: Shutoff valves in the sprinkler

system piping are permitted provided that such

valves are supervised in accordance with

780 CMR 923.0.

907.7 Acceptance tests: All limited area sprinkler
systems shall be tested as stipulated in 780 CMR
906.9.

780 CMR 908.0 WATER-SPRAY FIXED
SYSTEMS
908.1 General: Water-spray fixed systems for fire
suppression shall be of an approved type and shall
be installed in accordance with the provisions of
780 CMR and NFiPA 15 listed in Appendix A. A
water-spray fixed system is a system connected to a
reliable source of water supply and equipped with
normally open water-spray nozzles for specific

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780 CMR 913.0 WET-CHEMICAL RANGE
HOOD EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS

913.1 General: Wet-chemical extinguishing systems
shall be installed in accordance with the provisions
of 780 CMR 913.0, and the BOCA Mechanical Code
and NFiPA 17A listed in Appendix A. The system
shall bear the label of an approved agency and shall
be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instructions. A wet-chemical system is a
solution of water and potassium-car-bonate-based
chemical, potassium-acetate-based chemical or a
combination thereof which forms the extinguishing
agent.

913.2 Design: The details of the system indicated on
the fire protection construction documents shall
include sufficient information and calculations on
the amount of wet chemical; the size, length and
arrangement of connected piping; and a description
and location of nozzles so that the adequacy of the
system can be determined. Information shall be
submitted pertaining to the location and function of
detecting devices, operating devices, auxiliary
equipment and electrical circuitry, if used. Sufficient
information shall be indicated to identify properly
the apparatus and devices used. Any special features
shall be adequately explained. (See 780 CMR
903.0.)

9133 Actuation: Wet-chemical extinguishing
systems shall be automatically actuated and shall be
provided with a manual means of actuation.

913.4 Safety requirements: Where persons will be
exposed to a wet-chemical discharge, warning signs
and discharge alarms shall be provided.

913.5 Acceptance tests: All wet-chemical
extinguishing systems shall be tested in accordance
with NFiPA 1 7 A listed in Appendix A . A completed
system shall be tested by discharge of wet chemical
in sufficient amounts to verify that the system is
properly installed and functional. Tests shall include
a check of the detection systems, the alarms and the
releasing devices, including manual stations, fuel
and power shutoff devices and other associated
equipment.

913.5.1 Discharge test: All systems shall be
tested by a discharge of expellant gas through the
piping and nozzles with observations being made
of the flow of expellant gas through all nozzles as
well as observing for leakage and continuity of
piping with free unobstructed flow.

780 CMR 914.0 STANDPIPE SYSTEMS
914.1 General: Standpipe systems shall be designed,
installed and maintained in accordance with the
provisions of 780 CMR and NFPA-14 listed in
Appendix A. Where standpipe systems are required
by 780 CMR, such systems shall be automatic wet

systems. Automatic dry and semi-automatic dry
standpipe systems shall be permitted only in areas
subject to freezing. Complete fire protection
construction documents shall be provided. (See
780 CMR 903.0.)

914.2 Where required: Class m standpipe systems
shall be installed where required by 780 CMR
914.2.1 through 906.2.11 and. shall be located in
accordance with the provisions of NFPA 14, listed in
Appendix A.

914.2.1 Use Group A: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group A
when:

1 . Two or more stories in height of Use Group
A-l, A-2, or A-3, and having an occupant load
or more than 300; or,

2. Three or more stories in height regardless
of the area per floor; or;

3. Having an auditorium seating over 500.
Standpipes shall be located one on each side of
the auditorium in each tier, one in each
mezzanine, one in each tier of dressing rooms,
and protecting each property, store and work
room; or,

4. Having a stage. Standpipes shall be located
on each side of the stage.

Such standpipes shall be not less that 2'/2-inch
diameter, equipped with approved 154 inch hose
station.

914.2.2 Use Group B: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group B
when:

1. Three or more stories in height, and more
than 3,000 square feet in area per floor, or;

2. Four or more stories in height regardless of
the area per floor.

914.2.3 Use Group E: In buildings or structures
or portions thereof of Use Group E when three or
more stories in height regardless of the area per
floor or when having a stage or auditorium in
accordance with 780 CMR 914.2.1(3) and
914.2.1(4).

914.2.4 Use Group F: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group F
when:

1 . Three or more stories in height, and more
than 3,000 square feet in area per floor, or;

2. Four or more stories in height regardless of
the area per floor.

914.2.5 Use Group H: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group H
when:

1 . Three or more stories in height, and more
than 10,000 square feet in area per floor; or;

2. Four or more stories in height, regardless of
the area per floor.

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914.2.6 Use Group I: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group I,
three or more stories in height, regardless of the
area per floor.

914.2.7 Use group M: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group M
when:

1 . Three stories or more in height, and more
than 3,000 square feet in area per floor, or;

2. Four or more stories in height regardless of
the area per floor, or;

3. Classified as a covered mall building
within the mall portions (see 780 CMR 4).

4. Classified as a bulk/merchandising
warehouse. (See 780 CMR 4.)

914.2.8 Use Group R-l and R-2: In all buildings
or structures or portions thereof of Use Group R-l
and R-2 when:

1 . Three or more stories in height and of Use
Group R-l regardless of the area per floor; or;

2. Three or more stories in height and more
than 10,000 square feet in area per floor, or,

3 . Four or more stories in height regardless of
the area per floor.

914.2.9 Use Group S: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group S,
other than public garages which shall conform to
780 CMR 914.2.10 when:

1. Three or more stories in height, or Use
Group S-l, and more than 3,000 square feet in
area per floor; or;

2. Three or more stories in height, Use Group
S-2, and more than 10,000 square feet in area
per floor; or;

3. Four or more stories in height of Use
Groups S-l or S-2 regardless of the area per
floor.

914.2.10 Use Group U: In all buildings or
structures or portions thereof of Use Group U
when:

1 . Three or more stories in height and more
than 10,000 square feet in area per floor; or;

2. Four or more stories in height regardless of
the area per floor.

914.2.11 Public Garages: In all Group I and 11
public garages and open parking structures when:

1 . More than 1 0,000 square feet in area per
floor; or;

2. More than 7,500 square feet in area per
floor and more than one story in height; or;

3. More than 5,000 square feet in area per
floor, and more than two stories in height; or;

4. More than three stories in height; or;

5. Located in buildings where the upper
stories are designed for other uses: or;

6. When located in any story that is more than
50% below grade.

Exception: Standpipe systems can be
"Class I Manual Dry Type" as defined by
NFPA-14 for open parking structures less
than 70' in height.

9143 Standpipe system piping sizes: The riser
piping, supply piping, and the water service piping
shall be hydraulically sized in accordance with the
provisions of NFPA-14 listed in Appendix A.

Exception: The residual pressure(s) as noted in
NFPA-14 are not required to be maintained in
buildings less than 70 feet in height which are
equipped throughout with an approved automatic
fire suppression system. However the system
shall be designed to accommodate the outlet
pressures and water flows in accordance with
NFPA 14 and inlet pressures consistent with local
fire department equipment..

914.4 High-rise buildings: All buildings more than
70 feet in height above the mean grade shall have
each floor supplied by a minimum of two
combination standpipe/sprinkler risers installed in
accordance with the requirements of NFPA-14,
listed in Appendix A.

914.5 Outlets: Standpipe system outlets shall
comply with the provisions for, Class HI Systems of
NFPA-14 as listed in Appendix A.

914.6 Acceptance Tests: All Standpipe systems
shall be tested in accordance with NFPA listed in
Appendix A.

914.6.1 Underground Connections:

Underground mains and lead-in connections shall
be flushed and tested in accordance with NFPA
14 and NFPA 24 listed in Appendix A.

914.7 Standpipe system requirements for
buildings under construction or demolition:

914.7.1 General: Standpipes required by 780
CMR 914.7 are to be either temporary or perma-
nent in nature, with or without a water supply,
provided, however, that such standpipes conform
to the requirements of 780 CMR 914.0 as to
number of risers, capacity, outlets and materials.

914.7.2 Buildings under construction or
demolition: Standpipe requirements for buildings
under construction or demolition shall be in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR
3305.3 and NFPA 241 as listed in Appendix A.

780 CMR 915.0 FERE DEPARTMENT
CONNECTIONS

915.1 Required: All required water fire-
extinguishing and standpipe systems shall be
provided with a fire department connection in
accordance with the applicable NFPA standards.
Standpipes in buildings under construction or

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demolition shall conform to 780 CMR 3305.3 and
NFPA 241 listed in Appendix A.

Exceptions:

1 . Limited area sprinkler systems supplied from
the domestic water system.

2. Where the local fire department approves a
single connection for large diameter hose of at
least four inches.

3. An automatic sprinkler system with less than
20 sprinklers.

915.2 Connections: Fire department connections
shall be arranged in such a manner that the
attachment to any one water sprinkler connection
will serve all sprinklers, and the attachment to any
one standpipe connection will serve all standpipes
within the building.

915.3 Location: Fire department connections shall
be located and shall be visible on a street front or in
a location approved by the fire department. Such
connections shall be located so that immediate
access is provided to the fire department. Fire
department connections shall not be obstructed by
fences, brushes, trees, walls or any other similar
object.

915.4 Height: Fire department connections shall not
be less than 18 inches (457 mm) and not more than
42 inches (1067 mm) in elevation, measured from
the ground level to the centerline of the inlets.

915.5 Projection: Where the fire department
connection will otherwise project beyond the
property line or into the public way, a flush-type fire
department connection shall be provided.

915.6 Hose thread: Hose thread in the fire
department connection shall be uniform with that
used by the local fire department.

915.7 Fittings: Fire department inlet connections
shall be fitted with check valves, ball drip valves and
plugs with chains or frangible caps.

915.8 Signs: A metal sign with raised letters at least
one inch (25 mm) in height shall be mounted on all
fire department connections serving sprinklers or
standpipes. Such signs shall read "Automatic
Sprinklers" or "Standpipe," or both, as applicable.

780 CMR 916.0 YARD HYDRANTS/
UNDERGROUND FDtE MAINS
916.1 Fire hydrants: Fire hydrants and underground
fire mains installed on private property shall be
located and installed as directed by the fire
department. Hydrants shall conform to the standards
of the administrative authority of the jurisdiction and
the fire department. Hydrants shall not be installed
on a water main less than six inches in diameter.

Standards of construction shall be in accordance
with NFPA 24 as listed in Appendix A.

780 CMR 917.0 FIRE PROTECTIVE
SIGNALING SYSTEMS

( Fire Alarm System )

917.1 General: Fire protective signaling systems
shall be of an approved type and shall be installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR and
NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A.

917.2 Fire Protection Construction documents:

Where a fire protective signaling system is required
by 780 CMR, the fire protection construction
documents shall show the location and number of all
alarm-initiating devices and alarm notification
appliances, and shall provide a description of all
equipment to be used, proposed zoning, a list of
auxiliary control functions (i.e., elevator capture),
location of the control panel(s) and annunciator(s),
and a complete sequence of operation for the system.
(Also see 780 CMR 903.0)

917.3 Approval: All devices, combinations of
devices, appliances and equipment shall be approved
for the fire protective signaling purpose for which
such equipment is used.

917.4 Where required: A fire protective signaling
system shall be installed and maintained in full
operating condition in the locations described in
780 CMR 917.4.1 through 917.4.6.

917.4.1 Use Group A or E: A fire protective
signaling system shall be installed and maintained
in all occupancies in Use Group A or E.

917.4.2 Use Group B: A fire protective signaling
system shall be installed and maintained in all
occupancies in Use Group B where such buildings
have occupied floors which are two or more
stories above the lowest level of exit discharge or
which have floors two or more stories below the
highest level of exit discharge.

917.43 Use Group H: A fire protective signaling
system shall be installed and maintained in all
occupancies in Use Groups H.

917.4.4 Use Group I: A fire protective signaling
system shall be installed and maintained in all
occupancies in Use Group I.

917.4.5 Use Group R-l: A fire protective
signaling system shall be installed and maintained
in all occupancies in Use Group R-l.

917.4.6 Use Group R-2: A fire protective
signaling system shall be installed and maintained
in all occupancies in Use Group R-2 containing
13 or more dwelling units or where any dwelling
unit is located more than three stories above the
lowest level of exit discharge or more than one

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story below the highest level of exit discharge of
exits serving the dwelling unit.

917.5 Location: Manual fire alarm boxes shall be
located not more than five feet (1524 mm) from the
entrance to each exit. Manual fire alarm boxes shall
be located in each story including basements. In
buildings of use group A where a stage is provided,
a manual fire alarm box shall be located next to the
lighting control panel.

Exception:

1. In buildings of use group A, assembly
occupancy, and where approved by the local fire
department, manual fire alarm boxes may be
omitted at exits and any other required locations,
but shall be provided at constantly attended
locations such as ticket booths, refreshment
facilities, bars, etc. Where the building official
determines that it is impractical to have a
constantly attended location in an assembly
occupancy other than a theater, manual fire alarm
boxes shall be provided at each required building
exit.

2. Manual fire alarm boxes are not required in an
occupancy in Use Group B where the height of
the building is 70 feet or less above the lowest
level of fire department vehicle access and the
building is equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system, and/or an automatic
fire detection system or combination thereof, in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.0 and 780 CMR
918.0.

917.5.1 Manual fire alarm boxes: The height of
the manual fire alarm boxes shall be a minimum
of 42 inches (1067 mm) and a maximum of 54
inches (1372 mm) measured vertically, from the
floor level to the activating handle or lever of the
box. Manual fire alarm boxes shall be red in
color. In all occupancies in Use Group 1-3, the
manual fire alarm boxes shall be permitted to be
locked in areas where staff is present whenever
such areas are occupied and keys are readily
available to unlock the boxes, or the boxes shall
be located in a manned staff location which has
direct supervision of the sleeping area.

Exception: Where 521 CMR, Architectural
Access Board regulations apply, manual fire
alarm box height shall be as prescribed in
521 CMR.

917.6 Power supply: The primary and secondary
power supply for the fire protective signaling system
shall be provided in accordance with NFPA 72 listed
in Appendix A.

917.7 Wiring: All wiring shall conform to the
requirements of NFPA 72 and 527 CMR 12.00:
Massachusetts Electrical Code listed in Appendix A.
Wireless systems utilizing radio frequency
transmitting devices shall comply with the special

requirements for supervision of low-power wireless
systems in NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A.

917.7.1 Activation: The alarm notification
appliances shall be automatically activated by all
of the following where provided:

1 . Smoke detectors, other than single- and
multiple-station smoke detectors, as required
by 780 CMR 919.0;

2. Sprinkler water-flow devices;

3. Manual fire alarm boxes; and

4 Other approved types of automatic fire
detection devices, extinguishing, or
suppression systems.
Exceptions:

1 . Smoke detectors in an occupancy in Use
Group 1-3 are permitted to actuate an audible
alarm-indicating appliance at a constantly
attended location and are not required to
activate a general alarm.

2. Audible alarms in buildings of Use
Group A with an occupant load greater than
300 persons shall sound only in a constantly
attended receiving station within the
building for purposes of initiating emergen-
cy action. Occupant notification shall be by
means of either voice or prerecorded
message announcement initiated by the
person in the constantly attended receiving
station and in accordance with 780 CMR
917.9. In buildings of Use Group A utilizing
reduced lighting levels on a regular basis,
lights providing normal lighting levels shall
be activated simultaneously with the
beginning of the voice or prerecorded
message announcement. Where the building
official determines that it is impractical to
have a constantly attended location in an
assembly occupancy the fire alarm system
shall be arranged to automatically provide
prerecorded evacuation instructions.

3. For mixed use group occupancies that
contain an A use group the use group A area
shall be in accordance with 780 CMR
917.7.1 exception 2.

917.7.1.1 Length of evacuation signal:
Automatic deactivation of audible and visible
alarms shall not be allowed.
Exception: Automatic deactivation of
audible alarms after a period of operation of
15 minutes shall be permitted when
approved by the local fire department.
Automatic deactivation of audible alarms
shall only be permitted when the fire alarm
system is supervised in accordance with
780 CMR 923.2 or by an approved auxiliary
fire alarm system in accordance with NFPA
72.

917.7.2 Presignal or positive alarm sequence
system: Presignal or positive alarm sequence

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systems shall not be installed unless approved by
the code official and by the local fire department.
Where a presignal or positive alarm sequence
system is installed, 24-hour supervision by
trained personnel shall be provided at a location
approved by the local fire department, in order
that the alarm signal can be actuated in the event
of fire or other emergency.

917.73 Zones: Each floor shall be zoned
separately and a zone shall not exceed 20,000
square feet (1860 m 2 ). The length of any zone
shall not exceed 300 feet (91440 mm) in any
direction. A zoning indicator panel and the
associated controls shall be provided in a location
approved by the local fire department. Where
individually addressable alarm initiating devices
are used, a single circuit ( or pathway ) shall not
exceed the above size limitations unless the
circuit is a Class A circuit, and the style and
device loading meets the requirements for
proprietary systems as listed in NFPA 72. Where
individually addressable alarm initiating devices
are logically combined into groups for
annunciation purposes, the above zone size
limitations shall apply to the group. The local fire
department shall approve all zone and point
descriptions. The visual zone indication shall lock
in until the system is reset and shall not be
canceled by the operation of an audible alarm -
silencing switch. In buildings that have floors
located more than 70 feet above mean grade, a
separate zone by floor shall be provided for the
following types of alarm-initiating devices where
provided:

1. Smoke detectors;

2. Sprinkler water-flow devices;

3. Manual fire alarm boxes; and

4. Other approved types of automatic fire
detection devices, extinguishing, or
suppression systems.

Exceptions:

1 . Automatic sprinkler system zones shall not
exceed the area permitted by NFPA 1 3 listed in
Appendix A.

2. Duct type smoke detectors shall be
separately identified with a remote test/
indicator station. The location of the remote
test/indicator shall be approved by the local
fire department.

917.8 Alarm notification appliances: Alarm
notification appliances of the approved type shall be
provided.

917.8.1 Visible alarms: Visible alarm notification
appliances shall be provided in accordance with
NFPA 72 and 521 CMR in public and common
areas of all buildings and areas of buildings
housing the hearing impaired and where required
by 521 CMR. In occupancies in Use Groups 1-1
and R-l, all required accessible sleeping rooms

and suites plus an additional number of sleeping
rooms or suites in accordance with Table 917.8.1
shall, be provided with a visible alarm notification
appliance, activated by both the in-room smoke
detector and the building fire protective signaling
system. In hospital intensive care units, special
care units and operating rooms, the audible signal
need not be sounded; however a visual alarm shall
be displayed with an approved device.

Table 917.8.1
VISIBLE AND AUDIBLE ALARMS

Number of sleeping
rooms or suites

Sleeping rooms or suites with
visible and audible alarms

6 to 25
26 to 50

51 to 75
76 to 100

3
4

101 to 150
151 to 200
201 to 300

5
6
7

301 to 400
401 to 500

8
9

501 to 1,000
1,001 and over

20 plus

2% of total
1 for each 100 over
1.000

917.8.2 Audible alarms: Audible alarm
notification appliances shall be provided and shall
sound a distinctive sound which shall not be used
for any purpose other than that of a fire alarm.
The audible alarm notification appliances shall
provide a sound pressure level of 15 dBA above
the average ambient or 5 dBA above the maxi-
mum sound level having a duration of at least 60
seconds ( whichever is greater ) sound level in
every occupied space within the building. The
minimum sound pressure levels shall be: 70 dBA
in occupancies in Use Groups R and 1-1; 90 dBA
in mechanical equipment rooms; and 60 dBA in
all other use groups. The maximum sound
pressure level for audible alarm notification
appliances shall be 120 dBA at the minimum
hearing distance from the audible appliance.
917.8.2.1 All audible evacuation signals shall
have a synchronized three - pulse temporal
pattern in accordance with NFPA 72.

917.9 Voice/alarm signaling system: A voice/alarm
signaling system shall be provided where required
by other sections of 780 CMR. When activated in
accordance with 780 CMR 917.7.1, the voice/alarm
signaling system shall automatically sound an alert
signal to all occupants within the building on a
general or selective basis to the following terminal
areas: elevators, elevator lobbies, corridors, exit
stairways, rooms and tenant spaces exceeding 1,000
square feet (93 m 2 ) in area; dwelling units in
occupancies in Use Group R-2; and guestrooms or
suites in occupancies in Use Group R-l. The fire
command station shall contain controls to transmit

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manually an evacuation signal and voice instructions
on a selective and all-call basis to the terminal areas
indicated herein. The voice/alarm system shall be
designed and installed in accordance with the
provisions of 780 CMR, 527 CMR and NFPA 72
listed in Appendix A.

Exception: A distinctive signal in lieu of a voice
alarm is permitted in an occupancy in Use Group
ForS.

917.9.1 The sequence of operation of the voice
alarm signaling system shall be as follows:

1 . Sound an alert (pre-signal) tone (the alert
tone shall be a 900 hertz tone pulsed to
produce one round of code 4 at approximately
one second intervals.

2. Activate the recorded message regarding
the evacuation procedure. The alarm and com-
munications system shall provide a pre-record-
ed message to all required areas. The message
shall contain the following information. "
attention please. The signal tone you have just
head indicated a report of an emergency in this
building. If your floor evacuation signal sounds
after this message, walk to the nearest stairway
and leave the floor. While the report is being
verified, occupants on other floors should
await further instructions."

This message shall be transmitted three
times.

A female voice shall be used for this
message.

3. Activate the evacuation signal on the floor
of incident and the next floor above and below
(the evacuation signal shall be in accordance
with 780 CMR 917.8.2.1

917.10 Acceptance tests: Upon completion of the
fire protective signaling system, all alarm
notification devices and circuits, alarm indicating
appliances and circuits, supervisory-signal initiating
devices and circuits, signaling line circuits, and
primary and secondary power supplies shall be
subjected to a 100% acceptance test in accordance
with NFPA 72 listed in ,4/jp«u«x/i and 780 CMR
903.0.

780 CMR 918.0 AUTOMATIC FIRE

DETECTION SYSTEMS

(FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS)

918.1 General: Automatic fire detection systems
shall be of an approved type and shall be installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR and
NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A.

918.2 Fire Protection Construction documents:

Where an automatic fire detection system is required

by 780 CMR, the fire protection construction
documents shall show the location and number of all
automatic fire detectors with specifications of the
type of fire detector, proposed zoning and a
complete sequence of operation for the system. The
system shall be installed in accordance with
780 CMR 918.0 and shall be part of and be subject
to the requirements of a fire protective signaling
system specified in 780 CMR 917.0. (Also see
780 CMR 903.0)

9183 Approval: All devices, combinations of
devices, appliances and equipment shall be approved
for the fire signaling purpose for which such
equipment is used. The automatic fire detectors
shall be smoke detectors, except an approved
alternative type of detector shall be installed in
spaces such as boiler rooms where, during normal
operation, products of combustion are present in
sufficient quantity to actuate a smoke detector.

918.4 Where required: An automatic fire detection
system shall be installed and maintained in full
operating condition in the locations described in
780 CMR 918.4.1 through 918.4.7.

918.4.1 Use Group A-4: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed in all
occupancies of use group A-4.

918.4.2 Use Group E: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed in all
occupancies of use group E.

918.43 Use Group 1-1: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed and maintained
in all occupancies in Use Group 1-1.

918.4.4 Use Group 1-2: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed and maintained
in all occupancies in Use Group 1-2.

Exception: Occupancies that are equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system
in accordance with 780 CMR 906.0 and that
comply with 780 CMR 409.0.

918.4.5 Use Group 1-3: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed and maintained
in all resident housing areas of Use Group 1-3.
Smoke detectors shall be arranged and positioned
to prevent damage or tampering provided that the
function and speed of detecting a fire is equivalent
to that provided by the spacing and arrangement
requirements of NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A.

918.4.6 Use Group R-l: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed and maintained
throughout all occupancies in Use Group R-l and
in accordance with Table 918.

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TABLE 918
RESIDENTIAL FIRE PROTECTION

REQUIREMENTS

Use
Group

Number
ofUnits

Unit Occupant
Protection

Other Occupant
Protection

Standby
Power

Manual
Stations

Zoned

Provision for Fire
Department Notification

R-3

lor 2

Yes
919.3.2

Note a.

Yes
919.5

N.A.

R-l

3 to 12

Yes
919.3.1

Yes
918.4.6

Yes
917.6

Yes

917.4.5

N.A

R-2

3 to 12

Yes
919.3.2

Yes
918.4.7

Yes
919.5

Yes
917.4.6

N.A.

N.A

R-l

13 or more

Yes

919.3.1

Yes
918.4.6

Yes
917.6

Yes

917.4.5

Yes
917.7.3

Yes

923.2

R-2

13 or more

Yes

919.3.2

Yes

918.4.7

Yes
919.5

Yes

917.4.6

Yes

917.7.3

Yes
923.2

Note a: Where common areas exist.

Exceptions:

1. An automatic fire detection system is not
required in buildings that do not have interior
corridors serving guestrooms or dwelling units
and where all guestrooms or dwelling units
have a means of egress door opening directly
to an exterior exit access which leads directly
to the exits.

2. System smoke detectors are not required in
guestrooms or dwelling units provided that the
single-station detectors required by 780 CMR
919.3.1 are connected to the emergency
electrical system and are annunciated by
guestroom or dwelling unit at a constantly
attended location from which the fire
protective signaling system is capable of being
manually activated.

3. A system heat detector shall be required
within each guest room or dwelling unit
located not more than six feet from each door
way that leads to an interior corridor or exit.
System heat detectors shall not be required
where the guestroom or dwelling unit is
equipped with residential sprinklers that when
activated will activate the fire protective
signaling system.

918.4.7 Use Group R-2: An automatic fire
detection system shall be installed and maintained
throughout all occupancies in use group R-2 and
in accordance with table 918.
Exceptions:

2. System smoke detectors are not required in
guestrooms or dwelling units!

where the guestroom or dwelling unit is
equipped with residential sprinklers that, when
activated, will activate the fire protective
signaling system.

918.5 Sprinklered buildings exception: Buildings
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1 or
780 CMR 906.2.2 are not required to be equipped
with an automatic fire detection system, but are
required to be equipped with a fire protective
signaling system that conforms to 780 CMR 917.0.
This exception does not apply to Use Groups I, R-l,
R-2 , to high-hazard use groups in accordance with
780 CMR 417.5.3, to special amusement buildings
in accordance with 780 CMR 413.0, or to single-
station smoke detectors as required in 780 CMR
919.3.

918.6 Zones: Zoning shall be provided in
accordance with 780 CMR 917.7.3.

918.7 Alarm verification: Alarms activated by
smoke detectors required by 780 CMR 918.0 shall
be activated by a single smoke detector monitored
by an alarm verification zone or an approved
equivalent method.

918.8 Local control functions: Automatic fire
detectors utilized for the purpose of performing local
control functions shall be a part of a fire protective
signaling system. The detector shall, upon
actuation, perform the intended^iinction and activate
the alarm notification devices or activate a visible
and audible supervisory signal at a constantly
attended location.

Exception: In buildings not required to be
equipped with a fire protective signaling system,
the automatic fire detector shall be powered by
normal electrical service and, upon actuation,
perform the intended function. The detectors
shall be located in accordance with NFPA 72
listed in Appendix A. This exception dees not
apply to smoke detectors required for elevator
recall.

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918.9 Access: Access shall be provided to each
detector for periodic inspection, maintenance and
testing.

780 CMR 919.0 SINGLE- AND MULTIPLE-
STATION SMOKE DETECTORS

919.1 General: Single- and multiple-station smoke
detectors shall be of an approved type and shall be
installed in accordance with the provisions of
780 CMR and NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A.

919.1.1 A control and associated equipment,
single or multiple station alarm devices or any
combination thereof shall be permitted to be used
as a household fire warning system provided that
the requirements of NFPA 72 Chapter 2 are met.

919.2 Fire Protection Construction documents:

Where single- and multiple station smoke detectors
are required by 780 CMR, the fire protection
construction documents shall show the location and
number with specifications of the type of detector.
(Also see 780 CMR 903.0.)

9193 Where required: Single and multiple station
smoke detectors or household fire warning systems
shall be installed and maintained in full operating
condition in the locations described in 780 CMR
919.3.1 through 919.3.3. Any smoke detector
located within 20 feet of a kitchen or within 20 feet
of a bathroom containing a tub or shower shall be a
photo electric type smoke detector.

9193.1 Use Group R-l: Single and multiple
station smoke detectors or household fire warning
systems shall be installed and maintained in the
following locations in Use Group R- 1 :

1 . In all sleeping areas;

2. In every room or hallway in the path of the
means of egress from the sleeping area to the
door leading from the guestroom or suite; and

3 . In each story within the guestroom or suite,
including basements.

Exception: For suites or guestrooms or
dwelling unit with split levels and without
an intervening door between the adjacent
levels, a smoke detector installed on the
upper level shall suffice for the adjacent
lower level provided that the lower level is
less than one full story below the upper
level.

9193.2 Use Groups R-2, R-3, R-4 and R-5:

Single and multiple station smoke detectors or
household fire warning systems shall be installed
and maintained in all occupancies in Use Groups
R-2, R-3, R-4 and R-5 at the following locations:

1. In the immediate vicinity of bedrooms;

2. In all bedrooms; and

3. In each story within a dwelling unit,
including basements.

4. In residential units 1200 square feet or more
in area an additional automatic fire detector
shall be provided for each 1200 square feet of
area or part thereof.

Exceptions:

1 . In dwelling units with split levels and
without an intervening door between the
adjacent levels, a smoke detector installed
on the upper level shall suffice for the
adjacent lower level provided that the lower
level is less than one full story below the
upper level.

2. In buildings equipped throughout with
an automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1, 906.2.2
or 906.2.3, smoke detectors are not required
in bedrooms where the bedrooms are
equipped with residential sprinklers.

91933 Use Group 1-1: Single and multiple

station smoke detectors or household fire warning

systems shall be installed and maintained in all

sleeping areas in occupancies in Use Group I- 1 .

Exception: Where the building is equipped

throughout with an automatic detection system

in accordance with 780 CMR 918.4.

919.4 Interconnection: Where more than one
detector is required to be installed within an
individual dwelling unit in an occupancy in Use
Group R-2 , R-3 or R4, or within an individual
guestroom or suite in an occupancy in Use Group R-
1, the detectors shall be wired in such a manner that
the actuation of one alarm will actuate all of the
alarms in the individual unit.

919.5 Battery backup: In addition to the required
AC primary power source, required smoke detectors
in occupancies in Use Groups R-2, R-3, R-4, R-5
and 1-1 shall receive power from a battery when the
AC primary power source is interrupted.

Exception: In buildings equipped throughout with
an automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1, 906.2.2 or
906.2.3.

919.6 Acceptance testing: When the installation of
the detectors is complete, each detector - and all
interconnecting wiring for multiple-station detectors
shall be subject to a 100% acceptance test in
accordance with NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A

780 CMR 920.0 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
920.1 Approval: Portable fire extinguishers shall
bear the label of an approved agency, be of an
approved type and be installed in a location visible
and available to the occupants.

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920.2 Where required: A portable fire extinguisher
shall be installed in the following locations in
accordance withNFiPA 10 listed in Appendix A:

1 . In all occupancies in Use Group A-l , A-2, A-
3,B,E,I-2,M,R-lorH;

2. In all areas containing commercial kitchen
exhaust hood systems;

3. In all areas where fuel is dispensed;

4. In all areas where aflammable or combustible
liquid is used in the operation of spraying, coating
or dipping;

5. In all occupancies in Use Group 1-3 at staff
locations. Access to portable extinguishers shall
be permitted to be locked;

6. On each completed floor of buildings under
construction, other than occupancies in Use
Group R-3.

7. In any laboratory, shop or other room
occupied for similar purposes; and

8. Where required by the fire prevention code
listed in Appendix A.

780 CMR 921.0 SMOKE CONTROL
SYSTEMS

921.1 General: Smoke control systems required by
780 CMR shall conform to the provisions of
780 CMR 921.0

921.2 Design criteria: The smoke control system
shall be designed to keep the smoke layer interface
above the highest of either the highest unprotected
opening to adjoining spaces, or six feet (1829 mm)
above the highest floor level of exit access open to
the atrium for a period of 20 minutes. The limiting
height for the smoke layer interface for stages shall
be in accordance with 780 CMR 412.3.8.2. The
limiting height of the smoke interface above the
floor of the space required to be provided with
smoke control is Z CT . Provisions shall also be made
to provide for smoke removal from the space at a
rate of not less than two air changes per hour by
means of natural or mechanical ventilation.

921.2.1 Passive system: Active smoke control is
not required where it is shown that the smoke
interface level requirement will be met without
operating smoke exhaust.

921 .2.1.1 Regular spaces: For spaces with flat
ceilings, a constant horizontal cross-sectional
area above the smoke layer interface, and an
A/H 2 ratio between 0.9 and 14, the following
equation shall be used to estimate the height of
the interface at 20 minutes

Z=0.67H-Q.2iH id ^
A

Z = Height from floor to the smoke interface

(feet).
t = Time for interface to descent to Z; Use

1,200 seconds.
H= Height of the space required to be

provided with smoke control; floor to flat

ceiling (feet).
O = Steady state heat release rate; Use 4,400

Btu/sec. where the primary use group is

M, S-l or F-l. Otherwise use 2,000

Btu/sec.
A = Horizontal cross-sectional area of the

above ceiling space being filled (square

feet). Maximum A to be used shall be: A=

14 if 2 .
921.2.1.2 Irregular spaces: For spaces with
sloped or irregular ceilings, A/H 2 ratios outside
the specified range, or varying cross sections,
the filling time shall be determined using
numerical integration from the ceiling to the
critical smoke interface. The following
equations shall be used to determine the rate of
smoke production:

Where the interface level is above the
limiting elevation (z,)use:

17.6Q C 1/3 Z :

3.36Q

Where the interface level is below the
limiting elevation (z, ) use:

16.64Q C 3/5 Z

where:

V = The volumetric rate of smoke production
(cubic feet per minute).

z, = Limiting elevation (ft) = 0.533Q C 2/5

Qc = The convective portion of the heat
release rate shall be estimated as 70
percent of the total heat release rate, Q.

921.2.2 Mechanical systems: Where the smoke
filling predicted in 780 CMR 921.2.1 does not
meet the design criteria of 780 CMR 921.2,
mechanical exhaust shall be provided to maintain
these conditions.

921.2.2.1 Exhaust quantities: Sufficient
mechanical exhaust shall be provided to
maintain the smoke layer interface at or above
the critical elevation for the 20-minute period.
The volumetric rate of smoke production (V)
shall be determined by the equations in
780 CMR 921.2.1.2. If the rate of smoke
exhaust is less than the rate of smoke
production, the minimum exhaust rate to be
supplied for smoke control shall be determined
in accordance with Table 92 1 .2.2. 1 .

where:

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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

Table 921.2.2.1

MINIMUM EXHAUST RATE ADJUSTMENT

FACTOR 3

2JH

Ve/V

0.25

0.35

0.50

0.70

0.85

0.95

0.2

1.12

1.19

1.30

1.55

1.89

2.49

0.3

1.14

1.2f

1.35

1.63

2.05

2.78

0.4

1.16

124

1.40

1.72

224

3.15

0.5

1.17

1.28

1.45

1.84

2.48

3.57

0.6

120

1.32

1.52

2.00

2.78

4.11

0.7

1.23

1.36

1.61

2.20

3.17

4.98

0.8

1.26

1.41

1.71

2.46

3.71

6.25

Note a. Notation:

Z= Design height of smoke layer interface above fire

source.
H = Ceiling height above fire source.
t = Time for smoke layer interface to descend to Z(with

exhaust) (seconds).
t = Value of t in absence of smoke exhaust (see

780 CMR 92 1 .2. 1 . 1 or 92 1 .2. 1 .2) (seconds).
V e = Smoke control exhaust rate (minus any airflow into

the smoke layer other than that from the plume).
V= Volumetric smoke production rate (from the

equations in 780 CMR 92 1 .2. 1 .2).

921.2.3 Operation: The smoke control system
shall be a dedicated system or shall be integrated
with the mechanical ventilation system of the
building. Operation of the smoke control system
shall automatically shut down all systems and
devices which interfere with the effective
operation of the smoke control system. Where the
mechanical ventilation .system is designed for
smoke control, the return air shall be moved
directly to the outside without recirculation to
other areas of the building.

921.2.4 Alternative systems: An engineered
design which will achieve the same level of
smoke control as described in 780 CMR 921 is
permitted in lieu of these requirements and
otherwise in conformance with the requirements
of 780 CMR 903.2.1.

9213 Smoke removal: Provisions shall be made to
provide ventilation at a rate of at least two air
changes per hour from the space required to be
provided with smoke control. This ventilation shall
be through openable vents, separate mechanical ex-
haust, or through the building mechanical ventilation
system. The exhaust inlets shall be located a mini-
mum of six feet (1829 mm) above any exit access
walkway and above any openings into adjoining
spaces. The smoke removal system shall be activated
by manual controls provided for fire department use
unless it is part of the smoke control system.

921.4 Activation: The smoke control system shall
be activated by actuation of the following:

/. Automatic sprinkler system;

2. Smoke detectors required by 780 CMR 921

that comply with NFPA 72 listed in Appendix A;

and

3. Manual controls provided for fire department
use.

Note: The smoke control system shall not be
activated by a manual fire alarm system.

921.4.1 Manual control: Manual controls shall
be provided at a location approved by the fire
department.

921.4.2 Smoke detector activation: Where the
height of the ceiling of the space required to be
provided with smoke control exceeds 30 feet
(9144 mm) above the floor of the space, approved
smoke detectors shall be provided to detect smoke
above the highest floor open to an atrium or at the
highest point of another space required to be
provided with smoke control. The installation of
smoke detectors shall comply with 780 CMR
918.0.

921.5 Standby power: All equipment required to
provide smoke control in floor openings connecting
three or more stories and stage areas in accordance
with 780 CMR 412.3.8.2 shall be equipped with a
standby source of power that complies with
527 CMR 12.00 as listed in Appendix A.

921.6 Acceptance: Any required smoke control
design that requires operation of mechanical
equipment shall be functionally tested in accordance
with 780 CMR 921.6.2 until proper operation of all
required mechanical equipment and controls is
demonstrated.

921.6.1 System operation report: Prior to
acceptance testing, a report of the required system
operations shall be provided to the code official.
(NOTE: also see 780 CMR 903. 1.1.1. a., b. and c.
The following items shall be included in the
report if part of the required system:

1. Identify type(s) of smoke control activation
signal(s), such as sprinkler waterflow, smoke
detection, manual, etc., and associated smoke
control system operation(s) that are activated
by the signals.

2. Identify building area(s) where maximum
mechanical exhaust to the outside is
implemented and supply air is not provided.

3. Identify building area(s) where maximum
air supply is implemented and exhaust to the
outside is not provided.

4. Identify fan(s) which shall be "On" as
required to implement the smoke control
system. If multiple speed fans are used, the
capacity at which the fans shall operate in the
smoke control mode shall be identified.

5. Identify fan(s) which shall be "Off' as re-
quired to implement the smoke control system.

6. Identify dampens) which shall be "Open"
to implement the smoke control system.

7. Identify dampens) which shall be "Closed"
to implement the smoke control system.

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8. Identify other functions required to
implement the smoke control system.

9. Identify building areas with smoke and
heat vents and method of operation of vents.

10. If required, identify the type(s) of standby
power and the equipment that is served.

921.6.2 Testing procedures: The acceptance test
procedure shall be approved. Acceptance testing
shall be conducted in the presence of the Building
official and fire official or their designees or shall
include documentation indicating that all mechanical
equipment, control sequences, devices and
components have been operationally tested and are
functioning properly in accordance with the system
operation report. Such documentation provided by
a registered professional engineer or other legally
recognized professional (M.G.L. c. 112, § 81R). All
documentation from operational testing shall be
available for inspection. Acceptance testing shall
include the following:

1. Prior to beginning acceptance testing, all
building smoke control equipment shall be
placed in the normal operating mode.

2. Acceptance testing shall demonstrate that
each initiating device, fan, damper and other
required equipment is operational and performs
to the limits and capacity required.

3. Acceptance testing shall demonstrate that
correct control outputs are produced for a
given control input for each control sequence
specified by the system operation report.

4. If standby power is required for the
operation of the smoke control system,
acceptance tests shall be conducted while on
both normal building power and standby
power.

5. Opening of smoke/heat vents shall be
demonstrated if the vent is capable of being
opened in a manner that does not require
destructive testing.

921.7 Elevators: Except when otherwise required
by 524 CMR, where buildings are equipped with a
mechanical smoke control system that will restrict
smoke and hot gases from entering the elevator shaft
in the fire floor, hoistway venting is not required. In
high-rise buildings equipped with this system and
equipped throughout with an automatic fire
suppression system, the one-hour fireresistance rated
elevator lobby as specified in 780 CMR 403.8 is not
required.

780 CMR 922.0 SMOKE AND HEAT VENTS

922.1 General: Where exit access travel distance is
increased in accordance with 780 CMR 1006.5.1,
smoke and heat vents shall be constructed and
installed in accordance with 780 CMR 922.0.

922 2 Vent size and spacing: The vent area and the
spacing of the vents shall comply with Table 922.2.

922.2.1 Releasing devices: Smoke and heat vents
shall open automatically by activation of a heat-
responsive device rated at 100°F (38°C) to 220°F
(104°C) above ambient The releasing mechanism
shall be capable of operation such that the vent
shall fully open when the vent is exposed to a
time-temperature gradient that reaches an air
temperature of 500°F (260 C C) within five
minutes. Vents shall be capable of being opened
by an approved manual operation.

9223 Curtain board construction: Curtain boards
shall be provided to subdivide a vented building.
Curtain boards shall be constructed of material that
will resist the passage of smoke and is consistent
with the building type of construction. Curtain board
location and depth shall comply with Table 922.2.
The bottom of the curtain board shall be level.

Table 922.2

SMOKE AND HEAT VENT SIZE AND

SPACING"

Use
Group

Hazard

classification of
a
contents

Vent height

above the

floor, H

(feet)

Minimum
curtain board

depth from

vent bottom

(feet)

Maximum
area formed

by curtain

boards

(square feet)

Vent area to

floor area

ratio

Maximum

spacing of

vent centers

(feet)

Maximum

distance

from wall of

curtain
boards (feet)

Maximum
distance
between
curtain
boards

F-l

0.2XH
but*4

50,000

1:100

120

8XH
but s250 feet

S-l

I through IV

20 or less

10,000

1:100

100

8XH

S-l

I through IV

Over 20 to
40

8,000

1:75

100

8XH

but s250 feet

S-l

I through IV

20 or less

3,000

1:75

100

8XH

S-l

I through IV

Over 20 to
40

3,000

1:50

100

8XH
but s250 feet

S-l

20 or less

6,000

1:50

100

8XH

S-l

Over 20 to
30

6,000

1:40

8XH

S-l

30 or more

2,000

1:30

8XH

but s 100 feet

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Note a. See NFiPA 23 1 C listed in Appendix A for classification of Contents Class I through IV Class V commodities
are products that present special fire hazards beyond those of Class I, II, 111 or IV, such as aerosols, foam plastic, PVC,
PU, PS and asphalt paper.
Note b. 1 foot = 304.8 mm; 1 square foot = 0.093 m .

780 CMR 923.0 SUPERVISION

923.1 Fire suppression systems: All automatic
fire suppression systems required by 780 CMR shall
be supervised by one of the following methods
below.

1 . AUL listed or FM approved Central Station
Service in accordance with NFPA 72 listed in
Appendix A.

2. a^ Approved proprietary supervising station
system, in accordance with NFPA 72 in
accordance with NFPA 72 as listed in
Appendic A.

b. Approved remote station fire alarm system
supervising station in accordance with NFPA
72 as listed in Appendix A.

3. Alarm signals to an approved Auxiliary Fire
Alarm System in accordance with NFPA 72, with
supervisory signals supervised by one or two
above or at a constantly attended location
approved by the local fire department, having
personnel on duty trained to recognize the type of
signal received and to take prescribed action. This
shall be permitted to be a location different from
that at which alarm signals are received.

Exceptions:

1. Underground gate valves with roadway
boxes.

2. Halogenated extinguishing systems that are
not an integral part of a required automatic fire
suppression system.

3. Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems that
are not an integral part of a required automatic
fire suppression system.

4. Dry- and wet-chemical extinguishing
systems.

5. Limited area sprinkler systems (see
780 CMR 907.0).

6. Occupancies in Use Group R complying
with 780 CMR 906.2.2 and supervised in

. accordance with NFPA 13R listed in
Appendix A.

923.1.1 Re-transmission of alarm signals
received by central stations: In all cases, central
stations shall re-transmit alarm signals within 90
seconds of receipt, to the fire department having
jurisdiction.

923.2 Fire protective signaling systems and
automatic fire detection systems: All fire
protective signaling systems and automatic fire
detection systems required by 780 CMR shall be
supervised by one of the following methods below:

1 . AUL listed or FM approved Central Station
Service in accordance with NFPA 72 listed in
Appendix A.

2. a. Approved proprietary supervising station
system, in accordance with NFPA 72 in
accordance with NFPA 72 as listed in
Appendic A.

b. Approved remote station fire alarm system
supervising station in accordance with NFPA
72 as listed in Appendix A.

Exceptions:

1 . For use group R see table 918

2. Single- and multiple-station detectors as
required by 780 CMR 919.0.

3. Smoke detectors in occupancies in Use
Group 1-3 (see 780 CMR 917.7.1).

4. Smoke detectors in patient sleeping rooms
in occupancies in Use Group 1-2 (see
780 CMR 409.5.1).

5. Fire protective signaling systems in
occupancies in Use Groups H.

923.2.1 Re-transmission of alarm signals
received by central stations: In all cases, central
stations shall re-transmit alarm signals within 90
seconds of receipt, to the fire department having
jurisdiction.

780 CMR 924.0 FIRE PUMPS

924.1 General: Where fire pumps are required to be
installed as part of a required or non-required
system(s), the fire pump(s) shall be designed and
installed in accordance with 527 CMR 12.00 and
NFPA 20 as listed in Appendix A.

924.2 Rooms: Fire pumps and all related equipment
shall be located in a dedicated room meeting the
physical and environmental features of NFPA 20
listed in Appendix A, and enclosed with not less
than two hours fire resistive construction. Fire
pumps rooms shall have either direct access to the
room from grade or access by a two hour rated
passageway and shall be properly secured from
unauthorized entry.

9243 Emergency power: All fire pumps shall be
provided with emergency power when installed in
the following types of buildings or use groups.
Emergency power equipment installation shall

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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS

conform to 527 CMR 12.00 and NFPA 20 as listed 3. Buildings and structures of Use Group E, with

in Appendix A . a total occupant load of more than 300 occupants.

1. High-rise buildings as defined by M.G.L. 4. Buildings and structures of Use Group H.

c. 148 § 26A and 780 CMR. 5. Buildings and structures of Use Group I,

2. Buildings and structures of Use Group A, with having surgery or treatment areas,
a total occupant load of more than 300 occupants.

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170 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

MEANS OF EGRESS

1006.5.1 Roof vent increase: In buildings which
are one story in height, equipped with automatic
heat and smoke roof vents complying with
780 CMR 922.0 and equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1, the exit access travel distance
limitation in Table 1006.5 for occupancies in Use
Group F-l or S-l shall be increased to 400 feet
(122 m).

1006.5.2 Use Group A-5: Occupancies in Use
Group A-5, where all portions of the means of
egress are essentially open to the outside, shall
have an exit access travel distance of not more
than 400 feet (122 m), except that such
occupancies in buildings and structures of Type 1
or 2 construction shall not have an exit access
travel distance limitation.

1006.6 Elevators, escalators and moving walks:

Elevators, escalators and moving walks shall not be
accepted as a required element of the means of
egress.

Exception: An elevator conforming to 780 CMR
1007.3 shall be permitted for an accessible means
of egress.

1006.7 Common path of travel: The commonpath
of exit access travel distance for occupants to reach
a point where two separate and distinct paths of
travel are available to two exits shall not exceed 100
feet (30480 mm) in occupancies in Use Group 1-3.

780 CMR 1007.0 ACCESSIBLE MEANS
OF EGRESS

1007.1 General: All spaces required to be
accessible by 521 CMR, the Rules and Regulations
of the Architectural Access Board, referenced in
780 CMR 11, and listed in Appendix A shall be
provided with not less than one accessible means of
egress that complies with 780 CMR 1007.0. Where
more than one means of egress is required from any
required accessible space, each accessible portion of
the space shall be served by not less than two
accessible means of egress. Each accessible means
of egress shall provide a continuous path of travel
from a required accessible space to a public way
which is usable by a mobility impaired person and
shall include accessible routes, ramps, exit
stairways, elevators, horizontal exits or smoke
barriers.

1007.2 Exit stairways: An exit stairway to be
considered part of an accessible means of egress
shall have a clear width of at least 48 inches (1219
mm) between handrails and shall either incorporate
an area of refuge within an enlarged story-level
landing or shall be accessed from an area of refuge
complying with 780 CMR 1007.5 or a horizontal
exit.

Exceptions:

1. Stairs serving a single dwelling unit or
guestroom.

2. Occupancies equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1.

3. The clear width of 48 inches (1219 mm)
between handrails is not required for exit
stairways accessed from a horizontal exit.

10073 Elevators: An elevator, to be considered
part of an accessible means of egress, shall comply
with 524 CMR and standby power shall be provided
in accordance with 527 CMR 12.00 as listed in
Appendix A. The elevator shall be accessed from an
area of refuge complying with 780 CMR 1007.5 or
a horizontal exit. In buildings where a required
accessible floor is four or more stories above or
below a level of exit discharge serving that floor, at
least one elevator shall be provided and shall serve
as one required accessible means of egress.
Exceptions:

1. In buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1, the elevator shall not be
required to serve floors which are located at or
above the level of exit discharge and provided
with a horizontal exit complying with 780 CMR
1019.0.

2. Elevators are not required to be accessed from
an area of refuge or a horizontal exit in
occupancies equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with
780 CMR 906.2.1.

1007.4 Platform lifts: Platform (wheelchair) lifts
shall not serve as part of an accessible means of
egress except within a dwelling unit.

1007.5 Areas of refuge: Every required area of
refuge shall be accessible from the space it serves by
an accessible means of egress. The maximum travel
distance from any accessible space to an area of
refuge shall not exceed the travel distance permitted
for the occupancy in accordance with 780 CMR
1006.5. Every required area of refuge shall have
direct access to an exit stairway complying with
780 CMR 1007.2 or an elevator complying with
780 CMR 1007.3. Where an elevator lobby is used
as an area of refuge, the shaft and lobby shall
comply with 780 CMR 1015.0 for smokeproof
enclosures except where the elevators are in an area
of refuge formed by a horizontal exit or smoke
barrier.

Exception: Areas of refuge are not required in
open parking structures

1007.5.1 Sire: Each area of refuge shall be sized
to accommodate one wheelchair space of 30
inches (762 mm) by 48 inches (1219 mm) for
each 200 occupants or portion thereof, based on
the occupant load of the area of refuge and all

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areas served by the area of refuge. Such
wheelchair spaces shall not reduce the required
means of egress width. Access to any of the
required wheelchair spaces in an area of refuge
shall not be obstructed by more than one
adjoining wheelchair space.

1007.5.2 Separation: Each area of refuge shall
be separated from the remainder of the story by a
smoke barrier complying with 780 CMR 712.0.
Each area of refuge shall be designed to prevent
the intrusion of smoke, except those areas of
refuge located within a stairway enclosure or
those areas of refuge where the area of refuge and
all areas served by the area of refuge are equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in
accordance with 780 CMR 906.2.1.

1007.53 Communication system: Every area of
refuge in buildings more than four stories in
height shall be provided with a two-way
emergency communication system between the
area of refuge and a central control point

In each area of refuge provided with a two-
way emergency communication system,
instructions on the use of the area under
emergency conditions shall be posted adjoining
the communication system. The instructions shall
include:

1 . Directions to other means of egress;

2. Advice that persons able to use the exit
stairs do so as soon as possible unless they are
assisting others;

3. Information on how to summon planned
availability of assistance in the use of stairs or
supervised operation of elevators; and

4. Directions for use of the two-way
emergency communication system.

1007.5.4 Identification: Each door providing
access to an area of refuge from an adjacent floor
area shall be identified by a sign complying with
521 CMR and CABO Al 17.4 listed in Appendix
A stating "Area of Refuge" and the International
Symbol of Accessibility. The sign shall be
illuminated as required for "Exit" signs where
"Exit" sign illumination is required. Additionally,
tactile signage complying with 521 CMR listed in
Appendix A shall be located at each door to an
area of refuge.

1007.6 Signage: Signage indicating the location of
accessible means of egress shall be installed at all
exits and elevators that serve a required accessible
space, but which are not an approved accessible
means of egress.

780 CMR 1008.0 OCCUPANT LOAD
1008.1 Design occupant load: In determining
required facilities, the number of occupants for
whom exit facilities shall be provided shall be
established by the largest number computed in

accordance with 780 CMR
1008.1.3.

1008.1.1 through

1008.1.1 Actual number: The actual number of
occupants for whom each occupied space, floor or
building is designed.

1008.1.2 Number by Table 1008.1.2: The

number of occupants computed at the rate of one
occupant per unit of area as prescribed in Table
1008.1.2.

1008.13 Number by combination: The number
of occupants of any space as computed in
780 CMR 1008.1.1 or 1008.1.2 plus the number
of occupants similarly computed for all spaces
that discharge through the space in order to gain
access to an exit.

1008.1.4 Increased occupant load: The

occupant load permitted in any building or portion
thereof is permitted to be increased from that
number established for the occupancies in Table
1008.1.2 provided that all other requirements of
780 CMR are also met based on such modified
number. Where required by the code official, an
approved aisle, seating or fixed equipment
diagram to substantiate any increase in occupant
load shall be submitted. Where required by the
code official, such diagram shall be posted.

Table 1008.1.2

MAXIMUM FLOOR AREA ALLOWANCES

PER OCCUPANT

Floor area in

Occupancy

square feet per

occupant

Assembly with fixed seats See780 CMR 1 008. 1 .6

Assembly without fixed seats

Concentrated (chairs only - not fixed)

7 net

Standing space

3 net

Unconcentrated (tables and chairs)

15 net

Bowling centers, allow 5 persons for

each lane including 15 feet of

runway, and for additional areas

7 net

Business areas

100 gross

Courtrooms - other than fixed searing

40 net

areas

Educational

Classroom area

20 net

Shops and other vocational room"

50 net

areas

Industrial areas

100 gross

Institutional areas

Inpatient treatment areas

240 gross

Outpatient areas

100 gross

Sleeping areas

120 gross

Library

Reading rooms

50 net

Stack area

100 gross

Mercantile, basement and grade floor

30 gross

areas

Areas on other floors

60 gross

Storage stock, shipping areas

300 gross

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MEANS OF EGRESS

shall be indicated with a distinctive marking
stripe on each tread at the nosing or leading
edge adjacent to the nonuniform risers.

1014.6.3 Winders: Winders shall not be
permitted in required means of egress stairways
except in occupancies in Use Group R-3 and
stairways serving a single dwelling unit. Such
winders shall have a tread depth of not less than
nine inches (229 mm) at a point not more than 12
inches (305 mm) from the side where the tread is
narrower and the minimum tread depth shall not
be less than six inches (152 mm).

1014.6.4 Spiral stairways: Spiral stairways shall
not be used as an element of a means of egress
except: in occupancies in Use Group R-3; within
a single dwelling unit, from a mezzanine area not
more than 250 square feet (23.25 m 2 ) in area
which serves not more than five occupants; and in
penal facilities from a guard tower, observation
station or control room not more than 250 square
feet (23 m 2 ) in area. The minimum width of all
spiral stairways shall be 26 inches (660 mm) with
each tread having a 7V4-inch (191 mm) minimum
tread depth at 12 inches (305' mm) from the
narrow edge. All treads shall be identical and the
rise shall not be more than 9'/2-inches (241 mm).
A minimum headroom of six feet six inches (1981
mm) shall be provided.

1014.6.5 Circular stairways Circular stairways
shall have a minimum tread depth and a maximum
riser height in accordance with 780 CMR 1014.6
and the smaller radius shall not be less than twice
the width of the stairway. The minimum tread
depth measured 12 inches (305 mm) from the
narrower end of the tread shall not be less than 1 1
inches (279 mm).

1014.6.6 Alternating tread stairways:

Alternating tread stairways are permitted as an
element of a. means of egress in buildings from a
mezzanine area not more than 250 square feet (23
m 2 ) in area and which serves not more than five
occupants; and in penal facilities, from a guard
tower, observation station or control room not
more than 250 square feet (23 m 2 ) in area.
Alternating tread stairways are also permitted for
access to roofs as provided for in 780 CMR
1027.0.

1014.6.6.1 Handrails of alternating tread
stairways: Handrails shall be provided on
both sides of alternating tread stairways and
shall conform to 780 CMR 1022.0.

1014.6.6.2 Treads of alternating tread
stairways: Alternating tread stairways shall
have a minimum projected tread of five inches
(127 mm), a minimum tread depth of 8'/4
inches (216 mm), a minimum tread width of
seven inches (178 mm) and a maximum riser
to the next surface of the alternating tread of

9'/i inches (241 mm). The initial tread of the
stairway shall begin at the same elevation as
the platform, landing or floor surface.
Exception: Alternating tread stairways used
as an element of a means of egress in
buildings from a mezzanine area not more
than 250 square feet (23 m 2 ) in area which
serves not more than five occupants shall
have a rninimum projected tread of 8V2
inches (216 mm) with a minimum tread
depth of IOV2 inches (267 mm). The rise to
the next alternating tread surface shall not be
more than eight inches (203 mm).

1014.7 Stairway guards and handrails: Stairways
shall have continuous guards and handrails on both
sides. Intermediate handrails are required so that all
portions of the required width of stairs are within 30
inches (762 mm) of a handrail. On monumental
stairs, handrails shall be located along the most
direct path of egress travel. Handrails shall be
provided for alternating tread stairways in
accordance with 780 CMR 1014.6.6.1. Guards shall
be constructed in accordance with 780 CMR 1021.0.
Handrails shall be constructed in accordance with
780 CMR 1022.0.

Exceptions:

1 . Stairways with fewer than three risers are not
required to have handrails where serving a single
dwelling unit or where such stairways are not in
an exit access corridor or aisle, exit or exit
discharge.

2. Aisle stairs provided with a center handrail or
serving seating on one side shall be equipped with
a minimum of one handrail.

3. Stairways within a dwelling unit shall be
equipped with a rninimum of one handrail.

4. Spiral stairways shall be equipped with a
minimum of one handrail.

1014.8 Egress doors: Means of egress stairway
doors shall provide an egress capacity of not less
than the required capacity of the stairway which
serves the floor or area from which the egress door
leads.

1014.8.1 Width: The minimum required width of
every door to or from a means of egress stairway
shall be determined by the most restrictive of the
following criteria:

1. 29%-inch (756 mm) clear width within a
dwelling unit that is not required to be
accessible or adaptable.

2. 36-inch (914 mm) minimum width of door
leaf in an occupancy in Use Group 1-2.

3. 32-inch (813 mm) clear width in all other
cases.

1014.8.2 Direction of swing: All means of egress
doors shall swing on a landing in the direction of
egress travel. When opening, egress doors shall
not reduce the width of landings to less than one-

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half of the required width. When fully open, means
of egress doors shall not project more than seven
inches (178 mm) into the required width.

Exception: Doors leading from a room or
tenant space to a stairway in buildings in which
only one exit is required are not required to
swing in the direction of egress travel.

1014.83 Door construction: All doorway
opening protectives shall be fire doors complying
with 780 CMR 716.0. Labeled means of egress
fire doors shall have a maximum transmitted
temperature end point of not more than 450 °F
(232°C) above ambient at the end of 30 minutes
of standard fire test exposure.

1014.9 Stairway construction: All stairways shall
be built of materials consistent with the types of
materials permitted for the type of construction of
the building; except that wood handrails shall be
permitted for all types of construction. Such
stairways shall have solid treads and landing
platforms, and all finish floor surfaces shall be of
slip-resistant materials.

1014.9.1 Strength: All stairways, platforms and
landings in other than occupancies in Use Group
R-3 shall be adequate to support a live load of 100
pounds per square foot (488.20 kg/m 2 ) and a
concentrated load of 300 pounds (136.20 kg).

1014.10 Discharge identification: Exit stairways
which continue beyond the level of exit discharge
shall be interrupted at the level of exit discharge by
partitions, doors or other effective means of
preventing persons from continuing past the floor of
discharge while egressing.

1014.11 Interior stairway enclosures: Interior exit
stairways shall be enclosed with fire separation
assemblies having a fireresistance rating of not less
than two hours except that such stairways in
occupancies in Use Group A, B, E, F, H-4, 1, M, R
or S which connect less than four stories shall be
enclosed with _/zre separation assemblies having a
fireresistance rating of not less than one hour. An
exit stairway enclosure shall not be used for any
purpose other than means of egress. Openings in
exit enclosures, other than unexposed exterior
openings, shall be limited to those necessary for exit
access to the enclosure from normally occupied
spaces and for egress from the enclosure.

Exceptions:

1 . Stairways are not required to be enclosed in
occupancies in Use Group A-5 in which all
portions of the means of egress are essentially
open to the outside.

2. Stairways serving and contained within a
single residential dwelling unit in occupancies in
Use Group R-2 or R-3 are not required to be
enclosed.

3. Stairways that are not a required means of
egress element are not required to be enclosed
where such stairways comply with 780 CMR
713.3.

4. Stairways in open parking structures which
serve only the parking structure are not required
to be encloed.

5. Stairways in occupancies in Use Group 1-3 as
provided for in 780 CMR 410.3.7.

1014.11.1 Exterior walls: Exterior walls of an
enclosed exit stairway shall comply with the
requirements of 780 CMR 705.0 for exterior
walls. Where nonrated walls or unprotected
openings enclose the exterior of the stairway, the
building exterior walls within ten feet (3048 mm)
horizontally of the nonrated wall or unprotected
opening shall be constructed as required for
stairway enclosures, including opening
protectives, but are not required to exceed a one-
hour fireresistance rating with 3 /4-hour opening
protectives. This construction shall extend
vertically from a point ten feet (3048 mm) above
the topmost landing of the stairway or to the roof
line, whichever is lower, and down to the ground.

1014.11.2 Penetrations: Penetrations into and
openings through an exit enclosure assembly are
prohibited except for required exit doors,
ductwork and equipment necessary for
independent stair pressurization, required
ventilation sprinkler piping, standpipes and
electrical conduit serving the stairway and
terminating at a steel box that does not exceed 16
square inches (10323 mm 2 ) in area. There shall
not be any penetrations or communicating
openings, whether protected or not between
adjacent stairway enclosures.

1014.11.3 Door locks: All interior stairway
means of egress doors shall be openable from
both sides without the use of a key or special
knowledge or effort.

Exceptions:

1 . Stairway discharge doors shall be operable
from the egress side and shall only be locked
from the opposite side.

2. 780 CMR 1014.0 shall not apply to doors
arranged in accordance with 780 CMR 403.10
and 1017.4.

1014.11.4 Exit signs: Each door to an enclosed
exit stairway shall be equipped with tactile
signage reading "Exit" complying with 521 CMR
listed in Appendix A and installed on the side of
the door from which egress is to be made.

1014.113 Stairway floor number signs: A sign
shall be provided at each floor landing in all inter-
ior exit stairways connecting more than three stor-
ies designating the floor level above and below
the level of exit discharge, the identification of the
stairway and the availability of roof access from
that stairway. The sign shall be located

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MEANS OF EGRESS

approximately five feet (1524 mm) above the
floor landing in a position which is readily visible
when the doors are in the open and closed
positions.

1014.12 Exterior stairways: Exterior stairways
shall have openings on at least one side facing an
outer court, yard or public way. The openings shall
have an aggregate width of not less than 20% of the
stairway perimeter and an aggregate area on each
level of not less than 12% of the total perimeter wall
area of each level. In other than occupancies in Use
Group R-3, treads, platforms and landings which are
part of exterior stairways in climates subject to snow
or ice shall be protected to prevent accumulation of
same. Exterior stairways shall not be accepted as an
exit in the following cases:

1. Occupancies in Use Groups 1-2 and 1-3 in
buildings that exceed four stories or 50 feet
(15240 mm) in height.

2. Floors that exceed five stories or 65 feet
(19812 mm) in height above the level of exit
discharge.

1014.12.1 Location: Exterior exit stairways shall
not project beyond the street lot line. Exterior
exit stairways shall be located at least ten feet
(3048 mm) from adjacent lot lines and from other
buildings on the same lot unless openings in such
buildings are protected by %-hour opening
protectives.

Exception: Noncombustible exterior

stairways constituting not more than 50% of
the required means of egress shall be exempt
from the ten-foot (3048 mm) fire separation
distance requirement.

1014.12.2 Protection: Exterior exit stairs shall be
separated from the interior of the building by
walls with a fireresistance rating of not less than
one hour, with fixed or self-closing opening
protectives as required in 780 CMR 1014.11.
This protection shall extend vertically from a
point ten feet (3048 mm) above the topmost
landing or the roof line, whichever is lower, down
to the ground, and shall extend horizontally ten
feet (3048 mm) from each side of the stairway.
Openings within the horizontal ten-foot (3048
mm) extension of the protected walls beyond the
stairway shall be equipped with fixed 3 /4-hour
opening protective assemblies.

Exceptions:

1. Occupancies, other than those in Use Group
R-l or R-2, in buildings that are two stories or
less above grade where the level of exit
discharge is the first story above grade.

2. Separation from the interior of the building
is not required where the exterior stairway is
served by an exterior exit access balcony that
connects two remote exterior stairways or
other approved exits, with a perimeter which is
not less than 50% open. To be considered

open, the opening shall be a minimum of 50%
of the height of the enclosing wall, with the top
of the openings not less than seven feet (2134
mm) above the top of the balcony.
3. Separation from the interior of the building
is not required for an exterior stairway located
in a building or structure that is permitted to
have unenclosed interior exit stairways in
accordance with 780 CMR 1014.1 1.

780 CMR 1015.0 SMOKEPROOF
ENCLOSURES

1015.1 General: A smokeproof enclosure shall
consist of an enclosed interior exit stairway that
conforms to 780 CMR 1014.0 and an outside
balcony or a ventilated vestibule meeting the
requirements of 780 CMR 1015.0. Where access to
the roof is required by 780 CMR 1027.0, such access
shall be from the smokeproof enclosure where a
smokeproof enclosure is required.

1015.2 Where required: In buildings having a
height of 70 feet above the grade plane, at least one
exit stairwell shall be protected by a smokeproof
enclosure serving all floor levels. In buildings
having exit stairwells more than 30 feet below the
level of exit discharge, at least one exit stairwell
shall be protected by a smokeproof enclosure
serving all floor levels located below the level of exit
discharge.

Exception: Occupancies in Use Group 1-2.

1015.3 Access: Access to the stair shall be from
every story and shall be by way of a vestibule or by
way of an open exterior balcony. The minimum
dimension of the vestibule shall not be less than the
required width of the corridor leading to the
vestibule but shall not have a width of less than 44
inches (1118 mm) and shall not have a length of less
than 72 inches (1829 mm) in the direction of egress
travel.

1015.4 Construction: The smokeproof enclosure
shall be separated from the remainder of the building
by not less than a two-hour fireresistance rated fire
separation assembly without openings other than the
required means of egress doors. The vestibule shall
be separated from the stairway by not less than a
two-hour fireresistance rated fire separation
assembly. The open exterior balcony shall be
constructed in accordance with the fireresistance
rating requirements for floor construction.

1015.4.1 Door closers: All doors in a smokeproof
enclosure shall be self-closing or shall be
automatic-closing by actuation of a smoke
detector installed at the floor side entrance to the
smokeproof enclosure in accordance with
780 CMR 716.5. The actuation of the smoke
detector on any door shall activate the closing

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at all levels. Smoke detectors shall be installed in
accordance with 780 CMR 918.8.

1015.5 Natural ventilation alternative: The

provisions of 780 CMR 1015.5.1 through 1015.5.3
shall apply to ventilation of smokeproof enclosures
by natural means.

1015.5.1 Balcony doors: Where access to the
stairway is by way of an open exterior balcony,
the door assembly into the enclosure shall be a
fire door in accordance with 780 CMR 716.0.

1015.5.2 Vestibule doors: Where access to the
stairway is by way of a vestibule, the door
assembly into the vestibule shall be a. fire door
complying with 780 CMR 716.0. The door
assembly from the vestibule to the stairway shall
have not less than a 20-minute fire protection
rating complying with 780 CMR 716.0.

1015.53 Vestibule ventilation: Each vestibule
shall have a minimum net area of 16 square feet
(1.49 m 2 ) of opening in a wall facing an outer
court, yard or public way which is at least 20 feet
(6096 mm) in width.

1015.6 Mechanical ventilation alternative: The

provisions of 780 CMR 1015.6.1 through 1015.6.4
shall apply to ventilation of smokeproof enclosures
by mechanical means.

1015.6.1 Vestibule doors: The door assembly
from the building into the vestibule shall be afire
door complying with 780 CMR 716.0. The door
assembly from the vestibule to the stairway shall
have not less than a 20-minute fire protection
rating in accordance with 780 CMR 716.0. The
door from the building into the vestibule shall be
provided with gaskets or other provisions to
minimize air leakage.

1015.6.2 Vestibule ventilation: The vestibule
shall be supplied with not less than one air change
per minute, and the exhaust shall not be less than
150% of supply. Supply air shall enter and
exhaust air shall discharge from the vestibule
through separate, tightly constructed ducts used
only for that purpose. Supply air shall enter the
vestibule within six inches (152 mm) of the floor
level. The top of the exhaust register shall be
located at the top of the smoke trap but not more
than six inches (152 mm) down from the top of
the trap, and shall be entirely within the smoke
trap area. Doors in the open position shall not
obstruct duct openings. Duct openings with
controlling dampers are permitted where
necessary to meet the design requirements, but
dampers are not otherwise required.

1015.6.2.1 Engineered ventilation system:

Where a specially engineered system is used,

the systems shall exhaust a quantity of air
equal to not less than 90 air changes per hour
from any vestibule in the emergency operation
mode and shall be sized to handle three
vestibules simultaneously. Smoke detectors
shall be located at the floor side entrance to
each vestibule and shall activate the system for
the affected vestibule. Smoke detectors shall
be installed in accordance with 780 CMR
918.8.

1015.63 Smoke trap: The vestibule ceiling shall
be at least 20 inches (508 mm) higher than the
door opening into the vestibule to serve as a
smoke and heat trap and to provide an upward
moving air column. The height shall not be
decreased unless approved and justified by design
and test.'

1015.6.4 Stair shaft air movement system: The

stair shaft shall be provided with a dampered
relief opening and supplied with sufficient air to
maintain a niinimum positive pressure of 0.10
inch of water column (24.88 P) in the shaft
relative to the vestibule with all doors closed.

1015.7 Ventilating equipment: The activation of
ventilating equipment required by the alternatives in
780 CMR 1015.6 shall be by smoke detectors
installed at each floor level at an approved location
at the entrance to the smokeproof enclosure. When
the closing device for the stair shaft and vestibule
doors is activated by smoke detection or power
failure, the mechanical equipment shall activate and
operate at the required performance levels. Smoke
detectors shall be installed in accordance with
780 CMR 918.8.

1015.7.1 Ventilation systems: Smokeproof
enclosure ventilation systems shall be
independent of other building ventilation systems.
The equipment and ductwork shall comply with
one of the following:

1 . Equipment and ductwork shall be located
exterior to the building and shall be directly
connected to the smokeproof enclosure or
connected to the smokeproof enclosure by
ductwork enclosed by two-hour fireresistance
rated fire separation assemblies.

2. Equipment and ductwork shall be located
within the smokeproof enclosure with intake or
exhaust directly from and to the outside or
through ductwork enclosed by two-hour
fireresistance rated fire separation assemblies.

3. Equipment and ductwork shall be located
within the building if separated from the
remainder of the building, including other
mechanical equipment, by two-hour
fireresistance rated fire separation assemblies.

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1015.7.2 Standby power: Mechanical vestibule
and stair shaft ventilation systems and automatic
fire detection systems shall be powered by an
approved standby power system conforming to
780 CMR 403.9.1 and 527 CMR 12.00, the
Massachusetts Electrical Code, referenced in
780 CMR 27, and listed in Appendix A .

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1015.7.3 Acceptance and testing: Before the
mechanical equipment is approved, the system
shall be tested in the code official's presence to
confirm that the system is operating in compliance
with these requirements.

780 CMR 1016.0 RAMPS

1016.1 Capacity: The capacity of a ramp used as a
means of egress component shall be computed in
accordance with 780 CMR 1009.0.

Note: For ramp design requirements related to
building access issues, refer to 780 CMR 1 1.00

1016.2 Minimum dimensions: The minimum
dimensions of means of egress ramps shall comply
with 780 CMR 1016.2.1 through 1016.2.3.

1016.2.1 Width: The minimum width of a means
of egress ramp shall not be less than that required
for corridors by 780 CMR 101 1.3.

1016.2.2 Headroom: The minimum headroom in
all parts of the means of egress ramp shall not be
less than 80 inches (2032 mm).

1016.23 Restrictions: Means of egress ramps
shall not reduce in width in the direction of egress
travel. Projections into the required ramp and
landing width are prohibited except at and below
handrail height where, at each handrail, the
projections shall not exceed 3!4 inches (89 mm)
into the required width. Doors opening onto a
landing shall not reduce the clear width to less
than 42 inches (1067 mm).

10163 Maximum slope: The maximum slope of
means of egress ramps in the direction of travel shall
be one unit vertical in 12 units horizontal (1:12);
except the maximum slope shall be: one unit
vertical in eight units horizontal (1:8) if the rise is
limited to three inches (76 mm); one unit vertical in
ten units horizontal (1 : 10) if the rise is limited to six
inches (152 mm). The maximum slope across the
direction of travel shall be one unit vertical in 48
units horizontal (1:48).

Exception: Aisles in areas of Use Group A shall

comply with 780 CMR 1012.0.

1016.4 Landings: Ramp slopes of one unit vertical
in 12 units horizontal (1:12) or steeper shall have
landings at the top, bottom, all points of turning,
entrance, exit and at doors. Ramps shall not have a
vertical rise greater than 30 inches (762 mm)
between landings. The maximum slope of landings
shall be one unit vertical in 48 units horizontal
(1 :48). The least dimension of a landing shall not be
less than the required width of the ramp except that
the landing dimension in the direction of travel is not
required to exceed four feet (1219 mm) where the

travel from one ramp to the next ramp is a straight
run.

Exception: Aisles in areas of Use Group A shall

comply with 780 CMR 1012.0.

1016.5 Guards and handrails: Guards shall be
provided on both sides of the ramp and shall be
constructed in accordance with 780 CMR 1021.0.
Handrails conforming to 780 CMR 1022.0 shall be
provided on both sides of every ramp having a slope
greater than one unit vertical in 20 units horizontal
(1 :20). Handrails are not required on ramps where
the vertical rise between landings is six inches (152
mm) or less.

Exception: Handrails in aisles in occupancies in
Use Group A shall comply with 780 CMR 1012.0.

1016.5.1 Drop-offs: The sides of ramps and
landings with a drop-off shall have a curb with a
minimum four-inch (102 mm) height above the
walking surface or shall be provided with a
guardrail.

1016.6 Ramp construction: Ramps used as an exit
shall conform to the applicable requirements of
780 CMR 1014.9 as to materials of construction and
enclosure.

1016.6.1 Surface: For all slopes exceeding one
unit vertical in 20 units horizontal (1:20) and
where the use is such as to involve danger of
slipping, the ramp shall be surfaced with approved
slip-resistant materials.

1016.6.2 Exterior ramps: Exterior ramps and
landings shall be designed and constructed to
prevent water from accumulating on the walking
surface.

780 CMR 1017.0 MEANS OF EGRESS
DOORWAYS

1017.1 General: The requirements of 780 CMR
1017.0 shall apply to all doorways serving as a
component or element of a means of egress, except
as provided for in 780 CMR 1014.8, 1014.12.2,
1015.5.1. 1015.5.2 and 1015.6.1.

1017.1.1 Floor surface: The floor surface on
both sides of a door shall be^t the same elevation.
The floor surface over which the door swings
shall be at the same elevation as the floor level at
the threshold and shall extend from the door in the
closed position a distance equal to the door width.

Exception: This requirement shall not apply

to:

1. Exterior doors, as provided for in 780 CMR
1005.6, which are not on an accessible route.

2. Variations in elevation due to differences in
finish materials, but not more than 'A inch (13
mm).

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Thresholds at doorways shall not exceed %
inch (19 mm) in height above the finished floor
surface for exterior residential sliding doors or Vi
inch (13 mm) for all other doors. Raised
thresholds and floor level changes greater than V*
inch (6 mm) at doorways shall be beveled with a
slope not greater than one unit vertical in two
units horizontal (1:2).

1017.2 Number of doorways: Each occupant of a
room or space shall have access to at least two exits
or exit access doors from the room or space where
the occupant load of the space exceeds that listed in
Table 1017.2, or where the travel distance from any
point within the space to an exit or exit access door
exceeds that listed in Table 1017.2. Where the
occupant load of a room or space is between 501 and
1,000, a minimum of three exits or exit access doors
shall be provided. Where the occupant load of a
room or space exceeds 1,000, a minimum of four
exits or exit access doors shall be provided.
Exceptions:

1. Boiler, incinerator and fumace rooms shall be
provided with two egress doorways where the
area exceeds 500 square feet (47 m 2 ) and
individual fuel-fired equipment exceeds 400,000
Btuh (1 17 kW) input capacity. Door ways shall
be separated by a horizontal distance equal to not
less than one-half of the diagonal dimension of
the room. Where two doorways are required by
this exception, a fixed ladder access out of the
room shall be permitted in lieu of one doorway.

2. In an occupancy in Use Group 1-2, any room
and any suite of rooms as permitted in 780 CMR
1011.1.1, Exception No.3, of more than 1,000
square feet (93 m 2 ), shall have at least two exit
access doors remote from each other.

Table 1017.2
SPACES WITH ONE MEANS OF EGRESS

Use Group

Maximum
occupant load

Maximum travel
distance (feet)

A,B,E,F,M

H-l a ,H-2,H-3

H-4

I.R

■ 75...

100

Note a. For requirements for areas and spaces in Use
Group H-l, see 780 CMR418.2.2.
Noteb. 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

1017.2.1 Entrance and egress doorways: Where
separate doors are provided for entrance and
means of egress, the entrance door shall be clearly
marked "Entrance Only" in letters not less than
six inches (152 mm) in height and legible from
both inside and outside.

1017.2.2 Location of doors: The required
doorways opening from a room or space within a
building and leading to an exit access shall be
located as remote as practicable from each other

and shall conform to 780 CMR 1006.4.1. The
distance of exit access travel from any point in a
room or space to a required exit door shall not
exceed the limitations of 780 CMR 1006.5.

1017.2.3 Door arrangement: The space between
doors in series shall not be less than seven feet
(2134 mm) as measured when the doors are in the
closed position.

Exception: Power-operated doors and
occupancies in Use Groups 1-1 and R-3.

1017.3 Size of doors: The minimum width of each
door opening shall be sufficient for the occupant
load thereof and shall provide a clear width of not
less than 32 inches (813 mm). Where 780 CMR
1017.0 requires a minimum clear width of 32 inches
(813 mm) and a door opening includes two door
leaves without a mullion, one leaf shall provide a
clear opening width of 32 inches (813 mm). The
maximum width of a swinging door leaf shall be 48
inches nominal. Means of egress doors in an
occupancy in Use Group 1-2 used for the movement
of beds shall be at least 44 inches (1118 mm) wide.
The height of doors shall not be less than 80 inches
(2032 mm).

Exceptions:

1. K means of egress door serving a storage area
of not more than 800 square feet (74 m 2 ) and
which is normally unoccupied shall have a
maximum width often feet (3048 mm).

2. The minimum and maximum width shall not
apply to doors that are not required for means of
egress in occupancies in Use Groups R-2 and R-3.

3. Door openings to resident sleeping rooms in
occupancies in Use Group 1-3 shall have a clear
width of not less than 28 inches (71 1 mm).

4. Door openings to storage closets less than ten
square feet (0.93 m 2 ) in area shall not be limited
by the minimum width.

5. Width of door leafs in revolving doors that
comply with 780 CMR 1018.0 shall not be
limited.

6. Door openings within a dwelling unit shall not
be less than 78 inches (1981 mm) in height.

7. Exterior door openings in dwelling units, other
than the required exit door, shall not be less than
76 inches (1930 mm) in height.

8. Interior egress doorways within a dwelling unit
not required to be adaptable or accessible shall
have a minimum clear width of 29%-inches (755
mm).

1017.4 Door hardware: Door handles, pulls,
latches, locks and other operating devices shall be at
a maximum height of 48 inches (1219 mm) above
the finished floor. The operating devices shall be
capable of operation with one hand and shall not
require tight grasping, tight pinching or twisting of
the wrist to operate. All means of egress doors shall
be of a side-swinging type. All doors shall swing in
the direction of egress where serving an occupant

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indicating the direction and way of egress. All
"Exit" signs shall be located at exit doors or exit
access areas, so as to be readily visible. Sign
placement shall be such that any point in the exit
access shall not be more than 100 feet (30480 mm)
from the nearest visible sign.
Exceptions:

1 . "Exit" signs are not required in sleeping room
areas in occupancies in Use Group 1-3.

2. Main exterior exit doors which are obviously
and clearly identifiable as exits are not required to
have "Exit" signs where approved.

1023.2 Size and color: "Exit" signs shall have red
letters at least six inches (152 mm) high and the
minimum width of each stroke shall be 2 A inch (19
mm) on a white background or in other approved
distinguishable colors. The word "Exit," except the
letter I, shall have letters having a width of not less
than two inches (5 1 mm) and the minimum spacing
between letters shall not be less than % inch (10
mm). Signs larger than the minimum size herein
required shall have letter widths and spacing in the
same proportions to the height as indicated in
780 CMR 1023.0. If an arrow is provided as part of
an "Exit" sign, the construction shall be such that the
arrow direction cannot be readily changed. The
word "Exit" shall be clearly discernible when the
sign illumination means is not energized.
Exception: All exit signs tested and listed to
UL-924 as listed in Appendix A and satisfying
the power source requirements of 780 CMR
1023.4 shall be permitted.

10233 Illumination: Each sign shall be illuminated

by a source providing not less than five footcandles

(54 lux) at the illuminated surface and shall have a

contrast ratio of not less than 0.5.

Exception: Approved self-luminous signs which

provide evenly illuminated letters shall have a

minimum luminance of 0.06 foot lamberts (0.21

cd/m 2 ).

1023.4 Power source: All "Exit" signs shall be
illuminated at all times that the building is occupied.
To assure continued illumination for a duration of
not less than 1 hour in case of primary power loss,
the "Exit" signs shall be connected to an emergency
electrical system that complies with 527 CMR
12.00, the Massachusetts Electrical Code,
referenced in 780 CMR 27, and listed in
Appendix A.
Exceptions:

1 . Approved self-luminous signs which provide
continuous illumination independent of external
power sources are not required to comply with
780 CMR 2706.0.

2. All exit signs tested and listed to UL-924 as
listed in Appendix A and satisfying the power

source requirements of 780 CMR 1023.4 shall be
permitted.

780 CMR 1024.0 MEANS OF EGRESS
LIGHTING

1024.1 Artificial lighting: All means of egress in
other than occupancies in Use Group R-3 shall be
equipped with artificial lighting facilities to provide
the intensity of illumination herein prescribed
continuously during the time that conditions of
occupancy of the building require that the exits be
available. Lighting shall also be provided to
illuminate the exit discharge. Means of egress
lighting in occupancies in Use Group R-2, other than
lighting within a dwelling unit, shall be wired on a
circuit independent of circuits within any dwelling
unit. The disconnecting means and overcurrent
protection device shall not be located within a
dwelling unit or such that access to such devices
must be obtained by going through a dwelling unit.

1024.2 Intensity of illumination: The intensity of
floor lighting shall not be less than one footcandle
(1 1 lux) except as provided for in 780 CMR 1 024.3.

10243 Use Groups A and E: In occupancies in
Use Groups A and E for the exhibition of motion
pictures or other projections by means of directed
light, the rninimum required illumination of aisles
during such period of projection shall be 0.2
footcandle (2 lux).

10243.1 Control: The lighting of exits, aisles
and auditoriums shall be controlled from a
location that does not provide access to
unauthorized persons. Supplementary control
shall be provided as specified in 780 CMR 41 1.4
in the motion picture projection room.

1024.4 Power source: Means of egress lighting in
all buildings, rooms or spaces required to have more
than one exit or exit access shall be connected to an
emergency electrical system that complies with
527 CMR 12.00, the Massachusetts Electrical
Code, referenced in 780 CMR 27, and listed in
Appendix A to assure continued illumination for a
duration of not less than one hour in case of
emergency or primary power loss.

780 CMR 1025.0 FIRE ESCAPES
1025.1 Where permitted: Fire escapes shall be
permitted only as provided for in 780 CMR 1025.1.1
through 1025.1.4.

1025.1.1 New buildings: Fire escapes shall not
constitute any part of the required means of egress
in new buildings.

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1025.1.2 Existing fire escapes: Existing fire
escapes shall be continued to be accepted as a
component in the means of egress in existing
buildings only.

1025.13 New fire escapes: New fire escapes for
existing buildings shall be permitted only where
exterior stairs cannot be utilized due to lot lines
limiting stair size or due to the sidewalks, alleys
or roads at grade level. New fire escapes shall not
incorporate ladders or access by windows.

1025.1.4 Limitations: Fire escapes shall comply
with 780 CMR 1025.0 and shall not constitute
more than 50% of the required number of exits
nor more than 50% of the required exit capacity.

1025.2 Location: Where located on the front of the
building and where projecting beyond the building
line, the lowest landing shall not be less than seven
feet (2134 mm) or more than 12 feet (3658 mm)
above grade, and shall be equipped with a
counterbalanced stairway to the street. In alleyways
and thoroughfares less than 30 feet (9144 mm) wide,
the clearance under the lowest landing shall not be
less than 12 feet (3658 mm).

1025.3 Construction: The fire escape shall be
designed to support a live load of 1 00 pounds per
square foot (488.20 kg/m 2 ) and shall be constructed
of steel or other approved noncombustible materials.
Fire escapes constructed of wood not less than
nominal two inches thick are permitted on buildings
of Type 5 construction. Walkways and railings
located over or supported by combustible roofs in
buildings of Types 3 and 4 construction are
permitted to be of wood not less than nominal two
inches thick.

10253.1 Dimensions: Stairs shall be at least 22
inches (559 mm) wide with risers not more than,
and treads not less than, eight inches (203 mm)
and landings at the foot of stairs not less than 40
inches (1016 mm) wide by 36 inches (914 mm)
long, located not more than eight inches (203 mm)
below the door.

10253.2 Opening protectives: Doors and
windows along the fire escape shall be protected
with %-hour opening protectives.

780 CMR 1026.0 SLIDESCAPES

1026.1 Where permitted: Existing slidescapes and
safety chutes shall be permitted in existing
occupancies in Use Groups E, H and I where
approved. Slidescapes and safety chutes shall be
permitted in occupancies in Use Groups H-l and H-
2 where constructed in an approved manner.

1026.2 Location: The arrangement and location of
slidescapes shall conform to 780 CMR 10 for means

of egress and shall be designated by "Exit" signs and
lights as provided for in 780 CMR 1023.0.

10263 Construction: All chutes shall be
constructed of approved noncombustible materials
with a pitch in the line of travel of not less than 24
nor more than 42° (0.42 rad to 0.73 rad), measured
on the developed circumference of spiral chutes.
Straight chutes shall not be less than 24 inches (610
mm) and spiral chutes shall not be less than 28
inches (711 mm) in clear width; nor more than 44
inches (1118 mm) wide in any case. Where erected
on the interior of a building, the chutes shall be
enclosed as required in 780 CMR 1014.11 for
interior stairways with direct means of egress to a
street or other public way.

1026.4 Capacity: Slidescapes shall have a rated
egress capacity of 60 occupants per slide.
Slidescapes, except as permitted for occupancies in
Use Groups H-l and H-2, shall not constitute more
than 25% of the required means of egress capacity
from any building or structure or any individual
story.

780 CMR 1027.0 ACCESS TO ROOF

1027.1 By stairway or ladder: In buildings more
than three stories in height except those with a roof
slope greater than four units vertical in 12 units
horizontal (4:12). access to the roof shall be
provided by means of a stairway, an alternating
treadstmr in accordance with 780 CMR 1014.6.6 or
a ladder and trap door. The ladder shall not be on
the exterior of the building. Where the roof is used
as a roof garden or for other habitable purposes,
sufficient stairways shall extend to the roof to
provide the necessity exit facilities from the roof as
required for such occupancy. Roof trap doors shall
be constructed to comply with 780 CMR 1510.2.

1027.1.1 Optional stairway or ladder: In

buildings not required to have a stairway,
alternating tread stair or ladder to the roof, such
devices, if provided, shall conform to the
provisions of 780 CMR 1027.0. Ladders placed
on the exterior of the building shall be of metal
and, if exceeding 20 feet (6096 mm) in height,
shall have a protective cage or other safety device.
The siderails of exterior ladders shall be carried
over the coping or parapet to serve as handrails.
Other design details of such exterior ladders are
subject to approval.

1027.2 Roof enclosures: stairways extending
through roofs shall be enclosed in roof structures of
fireresistance rated construction which conform to
the requirements of 780 CMR 1510.0.

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MEANS OF EGRESS

780 CMR 1028.0 MAINTENANCE OF EXITS

1028.1 Obstructions: It shall be unlawful to
obstruct, or reduce in any manner, the clear width of
any doorway, hallway, passageway or other means
of egress required by the provisions of 780 CMR.

1028.2 Maintenance: All exterior stairways and
fire escapes shall be kept free of snow and ice.
Exterior stairways and fire escapes constructed of
materials requiring the application of weather
protecting products, shall have these products
applied in an approved manner and shall be applied
as often as necessary to maintain the stairways and
fire escapes in safe condition where corrodible
structural parts of such stairways and fire escapes

tie directly into the building structural system, all
joints shall be sealed, as necessary, to prevent
water from damaging or corroding structural
elements.

1028.3 Testing and Certification: All exterior
bridges, steel or wooden stairways, fire escapes and
egress balconies shall be examined and/or tested,
and certified for structural adequacy and safety
every five years, by a Massachusetts registered
professional engineer, or others qualified and
acceptable to the building official; said engineer or
others shall then submit an affidavit to the building
official.

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200 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

CHAPTER 12

INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT

780 CMR 1201.0 GENERAL

1201.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 12 shall
govern the means of light, ventilation, sound
transmission control and rat-proofing required in all
buildings.

1201.2 Buildings on same lot: Where more than one
building is hereafter placed on a lot, or where a
building is placed on the same lot with existing
buildings and the several buildings are treated as a
single structure for the purposes of 780 CMR 12,
equivalent uncovered lot area or other adequate
sources of light and ventilation shall be provided for
all occupied buildings.

780 CMR 1202.0 DEFINITIONS
1202.1 General: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 12 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings shown
herein.

Attic: The space between the ceiling beams of the
top story and the roof rafters.

Court: An open, uncovered and unoccupied space
on the same lot as a building where such space is
enclosed wholly or partly by buildings, walls or
other enclosing devices (see 780 CMR 1212.0).
Inner: Any court enclosed wholly by buildings,

walls or other enclosing devices.
Outer: A court extending to and opening upon a

street, public alley or other approved open

space that is not less than 15 feet (4572 mm)

wide, or upon a required yard.

Court height: The vertical distance from the lowest
level of the court to the mean height of the top of
the enclosing walls.

Court width: As applied to an inner court, means
the least horizontal dimension. As applied to an
outer court, means the shortest horizontal
dimension measured in a direction substantially
parallel with the principal open end of such court.

Habitable space: Space in a structure for living,
sleeping, eating or cooking. Bathrooms, toilet
compartments, closets, halls, storage or utility
spaces and similar areas are not considered
habitable spaces.

Occupiable space: A room or enclosed space
designed for human occupancy in which
individuals congregate for amusement,

educational or similar purposes, or in which
occupants are engaged at labor; and which is
equipped with means of egress and light and
ventilation facilities meeting the requirements of
780 CMR.

Vapor retarder: A material having a perm rating of
1.0 or less, such as foil, plastic sheeting, or
insulation facing, installed to retard the passage of
water vapor or moisture through the exterior
envelope.

Ventilation: The natural or mechanical process of
supplying conditioned or unconditioned air to, or
removing such air from, any space.

Yard: An unoccupied open space other than a court
(see 780 CMR 1212.0 and 1213.0).

780 CMR 1203.0 CONSTRUCTION
DOCUMENTS

1203.1 General: Construction documents for all
buildings and structures that are designed for human
occupancy, other than buildings with occupancies in
Use Groups 1-1, R-2 and R-3, shall designate the
number of occupants to be accommodated in the
various rooms and spaces; where means of artificial
lighting and ventilation sit required, the application
shall include sufficient details and description of the
mechanical system to be installed as herein required
or as specified in the mechanical code listed in
Appendix A.

780 CMR 1204.0 ROOM DIMENSIONS
1204.1 Ceiling heights: Habitable (spaces) rooms
other than kitchens shall have a ceiling height of not
less than seven feet six inches (2286 mm).
Hallways, corridors, bathrooms, toilet rooms,
kitchens, laundry rooms and habitable basements
that are only used as recreation rooms shall have a
ceiling height of not less than seven feet (2134 mm)
measured to the lowest projection from the ceiling.

Exception: In occupancies in Use Group R-3, the
maximum projection below the required ceiling
height of beams and girders spaced not less than
four feet (1219 mm) on center shall be six inches
(152 mm).

1204.1.1 Use Groups A, B, E and M: A clear
height from the finished floor to the finished
ceiling or lowest projection of not less than seven
feet six inches (2286 mm) shall be provided in all
exit access and occupiable rooms of structures of
Use Groups A B, E and M.

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1204.1.2 Sloping ceilings: If any room in a
building has a sloping ceiling, the prescribed
ceiling height for the room is required in one-half
the area thereof. Any portion of the room
measuring less than five feet (1524 mm) from the
finished floor to the finished ceiling shall not be
included in any computation of the minimum area
thereof.

1204.13 Furred ceilings: If any room has a
furred ceiling, the prescribed ceiling height is
required in two-thirds of the area thereof, but the
height of the furred ceiling shall not be less than
seven feet (2 1 34 mm).

1204.2 Floor area: Habitable rooms, except
kitchens, shall have an area of not less than 70
square feet (6.51 nr).

1204.3 Width: A habitable room other than a
kitchen shall not be less than seven feet (2134 mm)
in any dimension.

780 CMR 1205.0 LIGHT AND VENTILATION
REQUIRED

1205.1 Light required: Every room or space
intended for human occupancy shall be provided
with natural or artificial light.

1205.1.1 Bathroom and toilet room lighting:

Every bathroom and toilet room shall be provided
with artificial light. The illumination shall have
an average intensity of three footcandles (32.29
lux) measured at a level of 30 inches (762 mm)
above the floor.

1205.2 Ventilation required: Every room or space
intended for human occupancy shall be provided
with natural or mechanical ventilation.

1205.2.1: Every bathroom containing a bathtub
and/or shower shall be equipped with a
mechanical exhaust fan and associated
ductwork with the fan exhausting, at such rates
as specified in the BOCA National Mechanical
Code/1993 as referenced in Appendix A. Passive
ventilation methods such as openable windows
shall not substitute for ventilation. Such
bathroom exhaust shall vent directly to the
outside and no exhaust vent shall terminate in
attics or other interior portions of the building.
Note: See also 105 CMR 410.000

780 CMR 1206.0 NATURAL LIGHT
1206.1 General: Should natural lighting be chosen
as a lighting option, in the application of the
provisions of 780 CMR 12, the standard of natural
light for all habitable and occupiable rooms, unless
otherwise specifically required by the provisions of
780 CMR 4 for special occupancies, shall be based
on 250 footcandles (2691 lux) of illumination on the

vertical plane adjacent to the exterior of the light-
transmitting device in the enclosure wall and shall
be adequate to provide an average illumination of six
footcandles (64.58 lux) over the area of the room at
a height of 30 inches (762 mm) above the floor
level.

1206.2 Minimum glazing area: Every room or
space intended for human occupancy shall have an
exterior glazing area of not less than 8% of the floor
area. Natural light shall be provided by glazing
areas that open onto courts or yards which comply
with the requirements of 780 CMR 1212.0, or by
other approved means.

1206.2.1 Adjoining spaces: Where natural light
for rooms or spaces without exterior glazing areas
is provided through an adjoining room, the
unobstructed opening to the adjoining room shall
be at least 8% of the floor area of the interior
room or space, but not less than 25 square feet
(2.33 nr). The exterior glazing area shall be
based on the total floor area being served.

1206.3 Stairways: Interior stairways shall be
provided with an exterior glazing area of not less
than ten square feet (0.93 m 2 ) on every floor through
which the stairway passes.

1206.4 Hallways: Natural light shall be capable of
penetrating the full length of the hallway.

780 CMR 1207.0 ARTIFICIAL LIGHT
1207.1 General: Should artificial lighting be
chosen as a lighting option, artificial light shall be
capable of providing the minimum illumination
specified for natural light.

780 CMR 1208.0 NATURAL
VENTILATION

1208.1 General: Should natural ventilation be
chosen as a ventilation option, natural ventilation of
an occupied space shall be through windows, doors,
louvers or other natural openings to the outdoor air.

Exception: All occupancies shall have
mechanical ventilation in bathrooms and toilet
rooms as specified in 780 CMR 1205.2.1.

1208.2 Ventilation area required: The minimum
openable area to the outdoors shall be 4% of the
floor area being ventilated.

1208.2.1 Adjoining spaces: Where rooms and
spaces without openings to the outdoors are
ventilated through an adjoining room, the
unobstructed opening to the adjoining room shall
be at least 8% of the floor area of the interior
room or space, but not less than 25 square feet
(2.33 m 2 ). The ventilation openings to the
outdoors shall be based on the total floor area
being ventilated.

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INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT

1208.2.2 Openings below grade: Openings
below grade shall be acceptable for natural
ventilation provided that the outside horizontal
clear space measured perpendicular to the opening
is 1 !4 times the depth below the average adjoining
grade.

12083 Contaminants exhausted: Contaminants in
the breathing atmosphere shall be exhausted to the
outdoor air in accordance with the mechanical code
listed in Appendix A .

1208.4 Openings onto yards or courts: Natural
ventilation shall be provided by openings onto yards
or courts which comply with the requirements of
780 CMR 1212.0, or by other approved means.

780 CMR 1209.0 MECHANICAL
VENTILATION

1209.1 General: Should mechanical ventilation be
chosen as the ventilation option, mechanical
ventilation shall conform to the requirements of the
mechanical code listed in Appendix A.
Note: Also see 780 CMR 1205.2.1

780 CMR 1210.0 VENTILATION OF
SPECIAL SPACES

1210.1 Roof spaces: Enclosed attics and enclosed
rafter spaces formed where ceilings are applied
directly to the underside of roof rafters, shall have
cross ventilation for each separate space by
ventilation openings that are protected against the
entrance of rain and snow. The openings shall be
covered with corrosion-resistant mesh not less than
Vi inch (6 mm) nor more than 14 inch ( 1 3 mm) in any
direction.

1210.1.1 Ventilating area: The minimum
required net free ventilating area shall be 1/150 of
the area of the space ventilated, except that the
minimum required area shall be reduced to 1/300,
provided that: a vapor retarder having a
permeance not exceeding one perm is installed on
the warm side of the ceiling; or at least 50%, and
not more than 80%, of the required ventilating
area is provided by ventilators located in the
upper portion of the space to be ventilated at least
three feet (914 mm) above eave or cornice vents,
with the balance of the required ventilation
provided by eave or cornice vents.

1210.2 Crawl spaces: Crawl space areas, other than
those used as an underfioor plenum, shall be
ventilated by an approved mechanical means or by
openings in exterior foundation walls. Openings
shall be located as close to corners as practicable and
shall provide cross ventilation on at least two
approximately opposite sides. The openings shall be
covered with corrosion-resistant mesh not less than
X A inch (6 mm) nor more than 14 inch (13 mm) in any
direction.

1210.2.1 Opening size: Openings shall have a net
area of not less than one square foot (0.093 m 2 )
for each 150 square feet (13.95 m 2 ) of foundation
space. Where an approved vapor retarder is
installed over the ground surface, the required net
area of openings shall be reduced to 0.1 square
foot (0.093 m 2 ) for each 150 square feet (13.95
m 2 ) and vents shall have manually operable
louvers.

12103 Alternative mechanical ventilation:

Enclosed attic, rafter and crawl spaces which are not
ventilated as herein required shall be equipped with
a mechanical ventilation system conforming to the
requirements of the mechanical code listed in
Appendix A.

780 CMR 1211.0 ACCESS TO CRAWL
SPACES AND ATTICS

1211.1 Access to crawl spaces: Access shall be
provided to crawl spaces by an opening not less than
18 inches (457 mm) by 24 inches (610 mm). Such
access, if common to conditioned space, shall be
weatherstripped and shall close tightly.

1211.2 Access to attics: An opening not less than 22
inches by 30 inches (559 mm by 762 mm) with
ready access thereto shall be provided to any attic
area having a clear height of over 30 inches (762
mm). Such access, if adjoining conditioned space,
shall be weatherstripped, and close tightly. All
such access opening framing joints shall be
caulked, gasketed, weatherstripped, foamed or
otherwise sealed to limit infUtration/exfiltration.
Where doors or other openings are installed in attic
draftstopping, such doors shall be self-closing and
be of approved materials as specified in 780 CMR
121 1.0, and the construction shall be tightly fitted
around all pipes, ducts or other assemblies piercing
the draftstopping.

780 CMR 1212.0 COURTS AND YARDS

1212.1 General: All courts and yards required to
serve rooms for natural light or ventilation purposes
shall comply with the requirements of 780 CMR
1212.0.

1212.2 Minimum width: Every such court or yard
shall have a minimum width of three inches (76 mm)
for each one foot (305 mm) of height or fraction
thereof, but not less than five feet (1524 mm) for
outer courts and twice these values for inner courts.

1212.2.1 Irregular court or yard width: In the

case of irregular or gore-shaped courts or yards,
the average width shall not be less than the
required width of a court in accordance with
780 CMR 1212.2, but shall not be less than five
feet (1 524 mm) at any point.

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12113 Area of court: The cross-sectional area of a
required court shall not be less than Wi times the
square of its width; nor shall the length of any court
be more than twice its width.

1212.4 Access to court: A door or other means of
access shall be provided at the bottom of every court
that is not otherwise provided with convenient
access for purposes of cleaning.

1212.5 Air intakes: Every court which serves one or
more habitable rooms and which does not open for
its full height on one or more sides to a street or
legal yard, shall be connected at or near the bottom
with a street or yard by a horizontal intake or
passage of fireresistance rated construction. Such
intake or passage shall have a cross-sectional area of
not less than 21 square feet (1.95 m 2 ) and shall
remain fully open at both ends and unobstructed for
its foil size and length, except that grilles of
noncombustible construction are permitted at the
ends of the intake.

1212.5.1 Fireresistance rating: The walls, floors
and ceilings of such intakes or passages shall have
a fireresistance rating of not less than two hours in
buildings of Type 1, 2, 3 or 4 construction and not
less than a one-hour fireresistance rating in
buildings of Type 5 construction.

1212.6 Court walls: Where, in the opinion of the
code official, windows facing on courts do not
receive adequate direct light by reason of peculiar
arrangement or orientation, the code official shall
require the walls to be constructed of light-colored
masonry, or to be painted and maintained a light
color to furnish additional reflected light, or shall
require other approved means of providing
additional light.

1212.7 Court drainage: The bottom of every court
shall be properly graded and drained to a public
sewer or other approved disposal system complying
with the plumbing code listed in Appendix A; and
shall be paved with concrete or other non-absorbent
material where required by the code official.

780 CMR 1213.0 OBSTRUCTION OF
COURTS AND YARDS

1213.1 Permissible projections: Every required
court and yard shall remain unobstructed for its
required area and full height, except for the
projections permitted in 780 CMR 1213.2 through
1213.7.

1213.2 Maximum encroachment: A part of any
building or structure shall not extend into side
courts, inner courts or yards required for light and
ventilation of habitable and occupiable rooms by the
zoning law or other statutes controlling building

construction. The encroachment shall not exceed
20% of the legal area of the yard or court which is
required for light and ventilation purposes.

1213.3 Accessories: In Use Groups R and I, clothes
poles, arbors, garden trellises and other such
accessories shall not be prohibited in the open
spaces at ground level.

1213.4 Roof eaves: Roof eaves shall not project
more than three feet (914 mm) beyond the face of
the wall.

1213.5 Steps and architectural features: Steps,
window sills, belt courses and similar architectural
features, as well as rain leaders and chimneys, shall
not project more than two feet (610 mm) beyond the
face of the wall.

1213.6 Exterior stairways and fire escapes:

Outside stairways, smokeproof tower balconies, fire
escapes or other required elements of a means of
egress shall not project more than four feet (1219
mm) beyond the face of the wall.

1213.7 Motor vehicle parking: Where approved,
required court and yard areas for automobile parking
spaces or private garages not exceeding one story in
height where accessory to and only for the occupants
of a Use Group R occupancy are permitted, provided
that required windows for light and ventilation are
not obstructed thereby.

780 CMR 1214.0 SOUND TRANSMISSION
CONTROL IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

1214.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1214.0 shall apply to all
common interior walls, partitions and floor/ceiling
assemblies between adjacent dwelling units or
between dwelling units and adjacent public areas
such as halls, corridors, stairs or service areas in all
occupancies in Use Group R.

1214.2 Air-borne noise: Walls, partitions and
floor/ceiling assemblies separating dwelling units
from each other or from public or service areas shall
have a sound transmission class (STC) of not less
than 45 for air-bome noise when tested in
accordance with ASTM E90 listed in Appendix A.
This requirement shall not apply to dwelling unit
entrance doors; however, such doors shall be tight
fitting to the frame and sill.

1214.3 Structure-borne sound: Floor/ceiling
assemblies between dwelling units or between a
dwelling unit and a public or service area within the
structure shall have an impact insulation class (DC)
rating of not less than 45 when tested in accordance
with ASTM E492 listed in Appendix A.

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ENERGY CONSERVATION

780 CMR 1306.0 BUILDING INSULATION
SPECIFICATIONS

1306.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1306.0 applies to all
buildings.

1306 2 General: Insulating materials must conform
to the Federal Specifications (F.S.), the American
Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Test
Standards, or the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
as listed in Table 1306.2.

Table 1306.2
INSULATION MATERIALS STANDARDS

Material

Standard

Mineral Fiber

blanket/batt

ASTMC665-91

loose-fill

ASTM C-764-94

Mineral Cellular

perlite

ASTMC549-81/R19S6

vermiculite

ASTM C516-80/R1 990

perlite board

ASTM C728-91

cellular glass block

ASTM C552-91

Organic Fiber

cellulose fiber board

ASTM C208-94

cellulose loose fill

16 CFR Part 1209

Organic Cellular

polystyrene board

ASTM C578-92

urethane board

ASTMC59I-85

flexible unicellular

ASTM C534-94

polyurethane or polyiso-

cyanurate with foil face

ASTM C-1289-95

polyurethane or polyiso-

cvanurate with felt face

ASTM C-1289-95

13063 Moisture control: The design of buildings
for energy conservation shall not create conditions
of accelerated deterioration from moisture
condensation (additionally, see 780 CMR 12 for
attic and under-floor space ventilation).

1306.4 Installation:

1306.4.1 Recessed light fixtures: Only IC labeled
recessed lights allowing direct contact with
insulating materials shall be used in areas
separating conditioned and unconditioned spaces.

1306.4.2 High heat sources: A clearance of three
inches from any high heat source, including but
not limited to chimneys, flues and vents, shall be
maintained for combustible insulating materials.

1306.4.3 Urea formaldehyde foams: Urea
formaldehyde foams shall not be used in any
building.

1306.4.4 Walls: Batt/blanket insulation with a
vapor barrier attached shall be stapled to the
winter warm sides or faces of wall studs at
intervals of eight inches on center vertically.
Where batt/blanket insulation is of a "friction fit"
design and a poly vapor barrier is employed, the
vapor barrier shall be affixed to the interior face
of the wall studs (winter warm side) in accordance

with the insulation
recommendations.

manufacturer's

1306.4.5 Cavities: All cavities between rough
framing and door and window heads, jambs, and
sills shall be filled with insulation and covered
with a vapor barrier meeting the criteria of
780 CMR 1307.

1306.4.6:

1306.4.6.1 Low rise residential buildings/
perimeter insulation: Perimeter insulation for
slab on grade construction in buildings of Use
Group R of three stories or less shall be in-
stalled so that the concrete to concrete contact
between the foundation wall and the floor slab
is broken and the insulation extends downward
the thickness of the slab and then extends four
feet vertically down from, or four feet
horizontally beneath, the floor slab. Perimeter
insulation may be installed in alternative
locations if installed in a manner to thermally
isolate the floor from the exterior.

1306.4.6.2 Commercial and high rise
residential buildings/perimeter insulation:
Perimeter Insulation for slab on grade con-
struction in buildings of Use Group R of more
than three stories or in buildings of other Use
Groups shall be installed in a manner
consistent with that specified in 780 CMR
1306.4.6.1, except that alternate locations and
dimensions may be permitted by the provisions
of 780 CMR 1314.

1306.4.7 Foundation wall insulation:

1 . For interior foundation wall insulation, the
entire gross wall area extending from the top of
the band joist to the floor shall be insulated in
accordance with Table 1309.1 for low rise
residential buildings or in accordance with the
requirements of 780 CMR 1314.0, for other
than low rise residential buildings.

2. For exterior foundation wall insulation, the
insulation shall extend from the top of the
foundation to a minimum of eight feet below
grade or to foundation footing, whichever is
less. All exterior basement and foundation wall
insulation shall be suitably protected so as to
prevent deterioration caused by ultra-violet
light or insect damage in accordance with
manufacturer's instructions.

1306.5 Fire safety relating to insulation: See

780 CMR 722 and 2603.

1306.6: Labeling

1306.6.1 Baft and blanket and rigid board:

Insulation of this type shall be labeled according
to type, manufacturer or distributor, R value of the
insulation at the labeled thickness, and material
specification as listed in Table 1306.2.

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1306.6.2 Blown, poured, or sprayed on types:

Insulation of these types shall be labeled
according to type, manufacturer, recommended
insulation density, thickness and R value, fire
safety requirements and material specifications as
listed in Table 1306.

780 CMR 1307.0 AIR INFILTRATION
AND MOISTURE CONTROL

1307.1: 780 CMR 1307.0 applies to all buildings.

1307.2 Vapor barriers: A vapor barrier of one point
zero (1.0) perm or less shall be installed on the
winter warm side of walls, ceilings and floors
enclosing a conditioned space.

Exception: Vapor barriers may be eliminated
with adequate ventilation as defined in 780 CMR
12 (See 780 CMR 1210).

13073 Taping: All tears in the vapor barrier shall
be taped or sealed.

1307.4 Air leakage for all buildings:

1 . The requirements of this section shall apply
to those locations separating outdoor ambient
conditions from interior spaces that are heated
and/ or mechanically cooled and are not applicable
to the separation of interior conditioned spaces
from each other.

2. The following openings in the exterior
building envelope shall be caulked, gasketed,
weatherstripped, foamed or otherwise sealed to
limit infiltration:

a. Around window and door frames, between
the unit and the rough framing;

b. Between all exterior wall soleplates and the
structural floor, using two rows of caulking or
alternate approved procedure;

c. Over all framing joints where floors over
conditioned spaces intersect exterior walls,
using a water vapor permeable infiltration
barrier or alternate approved technique;

d. Around openings for plumbing, electricity,
telephone and gas lines in walls, ceilings and
floors;

e. At openings in the ceiling, such as where
the ceiling panels meet interior and exterior
walls, at exposed beam and masonry fireplaces;

f. At the mudsill, in addition to normal sill
sealer in conditioned basements and
conditioned crawlspaces; and,

g. At all other openings in the exterior
building envelope.

h. See additional requirements for attic and
crawl space access, 780 CMR 1310.0.

3. Electrical outlet plate gaskets shall be
installed on all receptacle, switch, or other
electrical boxes in walls separating conditioned
from unconditioned space.

4. Heating ducts shall be sealed at all joints and
comers as specified in 1310.0.

5. Interior openings between conditioned and
non-conditioned space shall be sealed using
sealant, closed-cell gasket material, permanent
tape, or another method that limits infiltration.

1307.5 Air leakage requirements for fenestration
and doors:

1307.5.1 Windows shall have an air leakage rate
of 0.34 cfrn per foot of operable sash crack in
accordance with the following standards as
applicable:

ANSI/AANA 101-88, Aluminum Prime
Windows,

ASTM D 4099-89, Specifications for
Polyvinylchloride (PCV) Prime Windows,
ANSI/NWWDA I.S. 2-87, Wood Window
Units (Improved PerformanceRating Only).
AAMA 101V-1986, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Prime Windows and Sliding Glass Doors,
AAMA 1701.2-1985 Prime Windows and
Sliding Glass Doors/Manufactured Housing

1307.5.2 Sliding Doors shall meet one of the
following standards for air leakage:

ANSI/AANA 101-88, Aluminum Sliding Glass

Doors, or

ANSI/NWWDA I.S. 3-88, Wood Sliding

Patio Doors.

AAMA 101V-1986, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

Prime Windows and Sliding Glass Doors,

AAMA 1701.2-1985, Prime Windows and

Sliding Glass Doors/Manufactured Housing

1307.5.3 Commercial entrance swinging or
revolving doors shall limit air leakage to a rate not
to exceed 1.2 cfrn per square foot of door area, at
standard test conditions.

1307.5.4 Residential swinging doors shall limit
air leakage to a rate not to exceed 0.5 cfrn per
square foot of door area, at standard test
conditions.

1307.5.5 Spaces that have regular high volume
traffic through the building envelopes such as
retail store entrances and loading bays, shall be
designed accounting for the steady state air
transfer between conditioned and unconditioned
or exterior space.

780 CMR 1308.0 COMPONENT DESIGN

1308.1 Scope: All low rise residential buildings that
are heated or mechanically cooled shall be
constructed so as to provide the required thermal
performance of the various components listed in
780 CMR 1308.0 through 131 1.0, and to provide the
lighting switching requirements of 780 CMR
1313.2.2.1.

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ENERGY CONSERVATION

All commercial and high rise residential buildings
that are mechanically heated and cooled shall be
constructed so as to provide the required thermal and
lighting system performance of the various
components listed in 780 CMR 1308.0, and 1310.0
through 1314.0, as applicable.

1308.2 Thermal Performance: Information on
thermal properties, performance of building
envelope sections and components, and heat transfer
shall be obtained from laboratory or field test
measurements, or when information is not available
from these sources, then such information may be
obtained from the ASHRAE Handbook, 1993
Fundamentals.

When laboratory or field test measurements are
used, they shall be conducted in accordance with
ASTM standards:

1. C-177-85/R1993, Standard Test Method for
Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by
Means of the Guarded Hot Plate,

2. C-5 18-91, Steady-State Thermal Transmission
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter,

3. C-236-89/R1993, Standard Test Method for
Steady-State Thermal Performance of Building
Assemblies by Means of a Guarded Hot Box, or

4. C-976-90, Thermal Performance of Building
Assemblies by Means of a Calibrated Hot Box.

To determine thermal conductance through window
assemblies the following ASTM or American
Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA),
or National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC)
standards shall be used.

1. AAMA 1503.1-1988, Test Method of Thermal
Transmittance of Windows, Doors and Glazed
Wall Sections,

2. ASTM C-236-89/R1993, Standard Test
Method for Steady-State Thermal Performance of
Building Assemblies by Means of Guarded Hot
Box, or

3. ASTM C-976-90, Thermal Performance of
Building Assemblies by Means of a Calibrated
Hot Box.

4. NFRC 100-91 Procedure for Determining
Fenestration Product Thermal Properties.

When using any of the four test procedures above, a
15 mile per hour wind shall be applied perpendicular
to the glazing and applied in other definitions as
required by the subject standard.

1308.3 Gross wall area: For the purposes of
780 CMR 13, the gross area of exterior walls
consists of all opaque wall areas, including
foundation walls, areas between floor spandrels,
peripheral edges of floors, window areas including
sash, and door areas, where such surfaces enclose a
heated or mechanically cooled space including

interstitial areas between two such spaces, but
excluding vents, grills and pipes.

1308.4 Roof assembly: For the purpose of
780 CMR 13, a roof assembly shall be considered as
all components of the roof/ceiling envelope through
which heat flows, thereby creating a building
transmission heat loss or gain, where such assembly
encloses a heated or mechanically cooled space.

1308.4.1 Gross roof area: The gross area of a
roof assembly consists of the total interior surface
of such assembly, including skylights, exposed to
the heated or mechanically cooled space.

1308.4.2 Ceiling plenums: Where air ceiling
plenums are employed, the roof/ceiling assembly
shall:

1. for thermal transmittance purposes not
include the ceiling proper nor the plenum space
as part of the assembly; and

2. for gross area purposes be based upon the
interior face of the upper plenum surface.

1308.5 Swimming pools: All pool enclosures shall
be designed in accordance with the 1 993 edition of
the ASHRAE Applications Handbook.

Such pool enclosures shall have a maximum
overall (roof/gables/sidewalls) U value of 0.25.

780 CMR 1309.0 EXTERIOR ENVELOPE

REQUIREMENTS FOR LOW RISE

RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

1309.1 Criteria for low rise residential buildings:

The following requirements shall apply to all
buildings and structures or portions thereof in use
groups R-l, R-2, R-3, and R-4 (hotels, multi-family,
and one- and two-family) that are heated or
mechanically cooled and not more than three stories
high.

1. All buildings in these use groups shall
conform to the thermal transmittance values in
Table 1309.1 or shall be designed to satisfy the
requirements of 780 CMR 1309.3 or shall be
designed to satisfy the requirements of 780 CMR
1315.0 or 780 CMR 1316.0, as applicable..

2. An overall Uo value of 0.167 for structures
heated by oil, gas or heat pumps, or an overall Uo
of 0.105 for structures heated by electric
resistance may be used for the combination of
walls, doors and windows containing heated space
in lieu of the separate U values listed for walls,
doors and windows. The overall Uo of 0.167 or
0.105 shall be used when the windows exceed
15% of the gross exterior wall area.

3. For purposes of 780 CMR 1309.0 only,
framing members shall not be included in the
calculations of R and U values.

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

Table 1309.1

MAXIMUM U VALUES AND MINIMUM

R VALUES OF WALLS, ROOF/CEILING,

AND FLOORS FOR RESIDENTIAL

BUILDINGS OF 780 CMR 1309.1

Element

Description

U
Value

Total
R Value

Notes

Walls

All wall construction
containing heated or
mechanically cooled
space

0.08

12.5

Electric resistance
heating

0.05

20.0

Foundation
Walls
Including
Band Joist

Containing heated or
mechanically cooled
space

0.08

12.5

Containing unheated
space

0.08

12.5

RootfCeiling
Assembly

All roof construction
containing heated or
mechanically cooled
space

0.033

30.0

Windows

All construction
enclosing heated or
mechanically cooled
space

0.65

1.54

Electric resistance
heating

0.40

2.50

6,7

Doors

All construction
enclosing heated or
mechanically cooled
space

0.40

2.50

Floors

Floor sections over
areas exposed to
outside air or
unheated space

0.05

20.0

Slab on grade
beneath conditioned
space

10.0

Note 1: These values may be used when the doors and
windows do not exceed 15% of the gross exterior wall
area. When doors and windows exceed 15% of the gross
wall area, see 780 CMR 1309.1, item 2.

Note 2: Double glazed primary windows or single
glaze primary windows with storm windows will satisfy
the required U value of 0.65.

Note 3: Insulation may be omitted from floors over
unheated areas when foundation walls are provided with
a U value of 0.08.

Note 4: The U value requirement of 0.08 for
foundation walls may be omitted when floors over
unheated spaces are provided with a U value of 0.05.

Note 5: R value for perimeter insulation (see
780 CMR 1306.4.6).

Note 6: When doors and windows do not exceed 1 5%
of the gross exterior wall area, this value may be used.
When doors and windows do not exceed 1 0% of the gross
exterior wall area, windows having a U value of 0.65 (R
value of 1.54) may be used. When windows and doors
exceed 1 5% of the gross exterior wall area, see 780 CMR
1309.1, item 2.

Note 7: Double glazed primary windows with storm
windows or most triple glazed primary windows or
double glazed low emissiviry primary windows will
typically satisfy the required U value of 0.40.

1309.2 Calculation of Uo: Separate overall thermal
transmittance values shall be calculated for wall
assemblies, roof/ceiling assemblies, and floors.
Equation 1 is provided as an example of the Uo
calculation for walls.

Uw Aw + Ug Ag = Ud Ad

Equation 1:

Overall wall Uo -

Where:
Uo = average or combined transmittance of the

gross exterior wall; (Btu/hr-ft -°F).
Aw = gross exterior wall area; (ft ).
Uw = thermal transmittance of the components of

the opaque wall; (Btu/hr-ft''- F).
Aw = opaque wall area; (ft ).
Ug= thermal transmittance of the windows;

(Btu/hr-ft 2 - °F).
Ag = window area; (ft ).
Ud= thermal transmittance of the door or similar

opening; (Btu/hr-ft -°F).
Ad = door area; (ft ).

NOTE: Where Ug is determined by test, it shall be
calculated using the procedure contained in
780 CMR 1314.3.2.2 including calculation for
framing, sash, edge effects, and all other factors
pertinent to the complete window assembly.

13093 Alternates: The stated Uo (or U) value of
any one assembly, such as roof/ceiling, wall, or
floor, may be increased and the Uo (or U) value for
other components decreased provided that the
overall heat gain or loss for the entire building
envelope does not exceed the total resulting from
conformance to the stated Uo (or U) values.

780 CMR 1310.0 HEATING, VENTILATING
AND AIR CONDITIONING

(HVAQ SYSTEMS

1310.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1310.0 covers the
determination of heating and cooling loads, systems
performance, and control requirements for all build-
ings. Criteria are established for insulating HVAC
systems and for duct construction.

Exception: Special applications, including but not
limited to hospitals, museums, laboratories, rooms
containing thermally sensitive equipment such as
computers, open refrigerated display cases, may
be exempted from the requirements of 780 CMR
1310.0, when calculations and requirements are
submitted establishing the unique environmental
criteria that exist.

1310.2 Calculation of heating and cooling loads:

1310.2.1 Calculation procedures: For the

purpose of sizing HVAC systems, heating and
cooling design loads shall be determined in
accordance with techniques recommended in the

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ENERGY CONSERVATION

Table 1310.12

MINIMUM PIPE INSULATION 1

INSULATION THICKNESS IN INCHES FOR PIPE SIZES (Note 2)

Piping
System
Types

Fluid

Temperature
Range

(°F)

Runouts "
Up to 2"

1"
&less

1V4"

to 2"

2'/="
to 4"

5"
to 6"

8"
and larger

Insulation
Conductivity

Heating Systems

Steam & Hot

Water

(B-in/F-hr-sf)
at temp °F

High
Press/Temp.

351-450

1.5

2.5

3.0

3.5

0.32 @ 250°

Med.
Press/Temp.

251-350

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.5

0.29 @ 200°

Low

Press./Temp.

201-250

1.0

1.5

2.0

3.5

0.27 @ 150°

Low Temp.

141-200

0.5

1.5

0.25 @ 125°

Low Temp.

105-140

0.5

1.0

1.5

0.24 @ 100°

Steam
Condensate
(for feedwater)

Any

1.0

1.5

2.0

0.27 @ 150°

COOLING
SYSTEMS

Chilled Water

40-55

0.5

0.75

1.0

0.23® 75'

Refrigerant or
Brine

Below 55

1.0

1.5

0.23 @ 75°

Notes:

1. Forminirnurri thicknesses of alternative insulation types, see 780 CMR 1310.12.1.

2. Runouts to individual terminal units not exceeding 12 ft. in length.

3. The required minimum thicknesses do not consider condensation. Additional insulation and/or vapor barriers may
be required to prevent condensation.

780 CMR 1311.0 HEATING, VENTILATING
AND AIR CONDITIONING EQUWMENT

1311.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1311.0 applies to all
buildings.

1311.2 HVAC equipment performance
requirements: The requirements of 780 CMR
1311.0 apply to equipment and component
performance for heating, ventilating, and air
conditioning systems. Where equipment efficiency
levels are specified, data furnished by the equipment
supplier, or certified under a nationally recognized
certification program or rating procedure, shall be
used to satisfy these requirements.

1311.3 HVAC system combustion heating
equipment: All gas and oil fired comfort heating
equipment shall have an Annual Fuel Utilization
Efficiency (AFUE) not less than the values shown in
Tables 13 1 1.3 through 1311.5. Equipment types not
covered in these tables shall show a minimum
combustion efficiency of 75% at maximum rated
output. Combustion efficiency is defined as 100%
minus stack losses in percent of heat input. Stack
losses are:

1 . loss due to sensible heat in dry flue gas;

2. loss due to incomplete combustion; and

3. loss due to sensible and latent heat in moisture
formed by combustion of hydrogen in the flue.

Table 1311.3(a)

STANDARD RATING CONDITIONS AND

MINIMUM PERFORMANCE WARM AIR

FURNACES AND COMBINATION WARM

Am FURNACES/Am-CONDITIONING UNITS

Reference
Standards

CATEGORY

PERFORMANCE

REFERENCE
STAND ARD(S)

Air Source, single phase:
(Cooling capacity less
than 65,000 Btu/hr)

Hi-temp

(47db/43wb);

(Min. COP = 2.7)

Low-temp

(17db/15wb);

(Min. COP =1.8)

ARI210/24/-89

Air Source, three phase:
(Cooling capacity less
than 35,000 Btu/hr)

Hi-temp

(47db/43wb);

(Min. COP = 2.7)

Low-temp

(17db/15wb);

(Min. COP =1.8)

Packaged Terminal Heat
Pumps

Min. COP = 2.5

1311.5 HVAC system equipment, electrically
operated cooling mode: HVAC system equipment
as listed below whose energy input in the cooling
mode is entirely electric shall show a Seasonal
Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) or Energy
Efficiency Ratio (EER) not less than the values
shown in Table 131 1.5.

1311.5.1: These requirements apply to, but are
not limited to, unitary cooling equipment (air-
cooled, water-cooled, and evaporatively cooled);
the cooling mode of unitary heat pumps; and
packaged terminal air conditioners.

TABLE 1311.5
MINIMUM SEER AND EER FOR
ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN AIR
CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT

TYPE

PERFORMANCE

REFERENCE
STAND ARD(S)

Air, single phase:
(Cooling capacity

less than 65,000

Btu/hr)

Min. SEER = 7.8

ARI 210/240-89

Air, three phase:
(Cooling capa-city

less than 65,000

Btu/hr)

Min. EER (Hi-temp) =
6.2

Air:

(Cooling capacity
greater than
65,000 Btu/hr
but less than
135,000 Btu/hr)

Min. EER (Hi-temp) =
8.2

Packaged Terminal
Heat Pump

Packaged Terminal

Air Conditioner

Min. EER = 7.8
Min. EER = 7.8

1311.6 Applied HVAC system components,
electrically operated cooling mode: HVAC system
components, as listed in Table 13 1 1 .6, whose energy
input is entirely electric shall show a coefficient of
performance (COP) cooling, as defined herein, not
less than the values shown in Table 1311.6.

1311.6.1 Coefficient of performance:

Coefficient of Performance (COP) cooling is the
ratio of the rate of net heat removal to the rate of
total energy input, expressed in consistent units
and under designated rating conditions.

The rate of net heat removal is defined as the
difference in total heat content of the water or
refrigerant entering and leaving the component.

Total on-site energy input shall be determined
by combining the energy inputs to all elements
and accessories of the component, including but
not limited to compressors, internal circulating
pumps, purge, and the HVAC system component
control circuit.

Table 1311.6

MINIMUM EER AND COP FOR

ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN Am

CONDITIONING SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Component

Condensing
Means

Coolant

EER

COP

Reference
Standard

Self-Contained
Chillers

Centrifugal

Air

8.2

2.4

ARI 550-
92

Self-Contained
Chillers

Centrifugal
< 250 Tons

Water

16.4

4.8

ARI 550-
92

Self-Contained
Chillers

Centrifugal
> 250 Tons

Water

17.1

5.0

ARI 550-
92

Self-Contained
Chillers

Rotary

Air

8.2

2.4

ARI 550-
92

Self-Contained
Chillers

Rotary

Water

14.0

4.1

ARI 550-
92

Self-Contained
Chillers - with
Condenser

Positive
Displace-
ment

Air

8.9

2.6

ARI 590-
92

Self-Contained
Chillers - with
Condenser

Positive
Displace-
ment

Water

12.6

3.7

ARI 590-
92

Self-Contained
Chillers -
without
Condenser

Positive
Displace-
ment

Air

10.1

3.0

ARI 590-
92

Condenser
Units

135,000 Btu/hr
or Less

Air

9.5

2.8

ARI 365-
94

Condenser
Units

1 35,000 Btu/hr
or Less

Water
(Evap)

12.7

- 3.7

ARI 365-
94

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780 CMR - Sixth Edition

221

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

1311.7 HVAC system equipment, heat operated,
cooling mode: Heat operated cooling equipment
shall show a coefficient of performance (COP)
cooling not less than the values shown in Table
1311.7. These requirements apply to, but are not
limited to, absorption equipment, engine driven
equipment, and turbine drive equipment.

When the refrigeration components are supplied
by different manufacturers, it shall be the
responsibility of the system designer to determine
compliance with these requirements, using data
provided by the suppliers of the elements.

Table 1311.7
MINIMUM COP FOR HEAT OPERATED
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM EQUIPMENT

HEAT SOURCE

MINIMUM COP

Direct fired (eas/oil)

0.48

Indirect fired (steam/hot
water)

0.68

780 CMR 1312.0 ELECTRICAL POWER
DISTRIBUTION

1312.1 Scope: Electrical distribution systems shall
be designed for the efficient distribution of electrical
energy from the service entrance to the points of use.

1312.1.1 Exempt buildings: Buildings in use
groups R-3 and R-4 (one-and two-family
dwellings) shall be exempt from the requirements
of 780 CMR 1312.0

1312.2 Power factor: Utilization equipment greater
than 1 ,000 watts and lighting equipment greater than
15 watts with an inductive reactance load component
shall have a power factor of not less than 85% under
rated load conditions. Power factor of less than 85%
shall be corrected to at least 90% under rated load
conditions. Power factor corrective devices, installed
to comply with this code, shall be switched with the
utilization equipment, except where this results in an
unsafe condition or interferes with the intended
operation of the equipment.

1312.3 Service voltage: Where a choice of service
voltage is available, a computation shall be made to
determine which service voltage would produce the
least energy loss, and that voltage shall be selected.

1312.4 Electric energy determination: In all multi-
family dwellings, each dwelling unit shall be
separately metered. Also see 527 CMR 12.00.

Exceptions:

1 . Publicly financed housing for the elderly
with fuel fired heating systems, with centrally
operated air conditioning systems, or without
air conditioning systems are exempt from this
requirement.

2. Publicly financed housing for the elderly
with electric resistance or storage heating

systems are exempt from 780 CMR 1312.4
provided there is informational metering of the
individual dwelling units.

780 CMR 1313.0 LIGHTING SYSTEMS
1313.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1313.0 establishes the
maximum power limits and control requirements for
interior and exterior illumination systems.

Note: All electrical wiring shall comply with
applicable requirements of 527 CMR 12.00 as
listed in Appendix A.

1313.1.1 The rooms, spaces and areas covered
by 780 CMR 1313.0 include:

1. Interior spaces of buildings.

2. Building exterior areas such as: entrances,
exits, loading docks, etc.

3. Roads, grounds and other exterior areas
including open-air covered areas where
lighting is required and is energized through
the building electrical service.

1313.1.2 Exempt buildings and spaces: The

following buildings and spaces are exempt from
the provisions of 780 CMR 1313.0:

1. Lighting for dwellings units contained in
use groups R-2, R-3 and R-4, except for the
switching requirements in 1313.2.2.1.

2. Outdoor activities such as manufacturing,
storage, commercial green houses and
processing facilities.

3. Lighting power for theatrical productions,
television broadcasting, audio-visual
presentations and those portions of
entertainment facilities where lighting is an
essential technical element for the function
performed.

4. Specialized luminaires for medical and
dental purposes.

5. Outdoor athletic facilities.

6. Display lighting required for art exhibits or
displays in galleries, museums and monuments.

7. Exterior lighting for public monuments and
recognized landmarks such as buildings
individually listed on the National Register of
Historic Places.

8. Special lighting needs for research.

9. Lighting to be used solely for indoor plant
growth during the hours of 10:00 P.M. to 6:00
A.M.

10. Emergency lighting that is automatically
"off during normal operation.

1 1 . High risk security areas identified by local
ordinances or regulations or by security or
safety personnel as requiring additional
lighting.

12. Classrooms specifically designed for the
hard of seeing, hard of hearing (lip-reading),
and for senior citizens.

13. Lighting for signs.

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ENERGY CONSERVATION

14. Store-front display windows in retail
facilities.

15. Spaces regularly used for religious
services or worship.

1313.2 Minimum requirements: This 780 CMR
1 3 1 3.2 establishes the minimum requirements which
must be met for all spaces covered by 780 CMR
1313.0.

1313.2.1 Building Lighting Power Limit
(BLPL): A Building Lighting Power Limit
(BLPL) is the upper limit of the power to be
available to provide the lighting needs of a
building.

The Building Lighting Power Limit (BLPL) is
the sum of the building Exterior Lighting Power
Allowance (ELPA), the Roads and Grounds
Lighting Power Allowance (RLPA), and the
building Interior Lighting Power Limit (ILPL).

1. The building Exterior Lighting Power
Allowance (ELPA) is calculated in 780 CMR
1313.2.1.4.

2. The Roads and Grounds Lighting Power
Allowance (RLPA) is calculated in 780 CMR
1313.2.1.5.

3 . The building Interior Lighting Power Limit
(ILPL) may be calculated either by the
prescriptive criteria in 780 CMR 13 13.4 or by
the system performance criteria in 780 CMR
1313.5.

The prescriptive criteria (780 CMR 1313.4)
provide a simple calculation procedure with
limited flexibility. The system performance
criteria (780 CMR 1313.5) provide a more
complex and lengthy calculation procedure with
greater flexibility usually suitable for complex
lighting systems in larger buildings.

When using the system performance criteria
(780 CMR 1313.5) computer-based procedures
are required to be utilized.

1313.2.1.1 Compliance: A building design

shall be considered in compliance with

780 CMR 1313.0 if:

1. The exterior lighting power to be
installed is no greater than the Exterior
Lighting Power Allowance (ELPA).

2. The roads and ground lighting power to
be installed is not greater than the Roads
and Grounds Lighting Power Allowance
(RLPA).

3. The interior lighting power to be
installed is not greater than the Interior
Lighting Power Limit (ILPL). Tradeoffs
between ILPL and ELPA or RLPA shall

not be allowed (also see 780 CMR
1313.2.1.2).

1313.2.1.2 Compliance for multiple
buildings of a facility: The lighting power
limits for each building in a facility shall be
calculated separately. Tradeoffs among
buildings shall be restricted as described
below:

1. Tradeoffs of Interior Lighting Power
Limits among other buildings of the same
facility shall not be allowed.

2. Tradeoffs between Interior Lighting
Power Limits and Exterior Lighting Power
Allowances or Roads and Grounds Power
Allowances shall not be allowed.

3. Tradeoffs of Exterior Lighting Power
Allowances among buildings of the same
facility are allowed.

1313.2.1.3 Forms for compliance: Forms
approved by the Board of Building Regulations
and Standards, when such Forms exist, shall be
completed to show compliance with 780 CMR
1313.0, as follows:

1. To summarize the total Exterior
Lighting Power Allowance (ELPA).

2. To summarize the maximum Road and
Grounds Lighting Power Allowance
(RLPA).

3. To summarize the maximum Building
or Facility Lighting Power Limit (BLPL,
FLPL). The BLPL or FLPL shall be the
sum of the ILPL and the ELPA of the
building (or of all buildings) and the RLPA
of the road and grounds.

4. If the prescriptive criteria of 780 CMR
1313.4 are used to determine the Interior
Lighting Power Limit (ILPL), then an
approved form shall be used to summarize
the maximum Interior Lighting Power
Limit.

5. If the system performance criteria of
780 CMR 1313.5 are used to determined
the interior lighting power limit (ILPL),
then calculations by a Massachusetts
Registered Engineer or other legally
recognized professional (see M.G.L.
c. 1 12, § 81R) (or an equivalent computer
generated printout) shall be used to
summarize the Interior Lighting Power
Limit.

1313.2.1.4 Exterior Lighting Power
Allowance (ELPA): Lighting power for
building exteriors shall not exceed the values
given in Table 1313.2.1.4 in accordance with
the activities to be performed.

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

Table 1313.2.1.4

MAXIMUM LIGHTING POWER

ALLOWANCES (CONNECTED LOAD) FOR

BUILDING EXTERIORS

LOCATION

ALLOWANCE '

Exit (with or without a
canopy)

20 W/Iin. ft. of door opening

Entrance (without a canopv)

30 W/lin. ft. of door opening

Entrance (with a canopy)

High traffic (retail, hotel,
airport, theater, etc.)

10 W/ft of canopied area

Light traffic (hospital, office,
school, etc.)

4 W/ft of canopied area

Loading area

0.030 W/ft"

Loading, door

20 W/lin. ft. of door opening

NOTE: Total illumination allowance for the building is
1 W/Lin. Ft. exterior (including the above allowances)
of building perimeter.

1313.2.1.5 Roads and Grounds Power
Allowance (RLPA): Lighting power for roads
and grounds shall not exceed the values in
Table 1313.2.1.5.

Table 1313.2.1.5

MAXIMUM LIGHTING POWER

ALLOWANCES (CONNECTED LOAD) FOR

ROADS AND GROUNDS

LOCATION

ALLOWANCE

Storage and work areas

0.20 W/ft"

Other activity areas for casual
use such as picnic grounds,
gardens, parks, and other
landscaped areas

0.10 W/ft 2

Private driveways/walkwavs

0.10 W/ft 2

Public drivewavs/walkwavs

0.15 W/ft 2

Private parking lots

0.12 W/ft 2

Public parking lots

0.1 8 W/ft 2

1313.22 Interior and exterior lighting controls:

All lighting systems except those required for
emergency or exit lightings shall be provided with
manual, automatic or programmable controls.

1313.2.2.1 Minimum number of lighting
controls:

1. Each area enclosed by ceiling height
partitions shall have independent control of
the lighting within that area.

2. The maximum area to be controlled by
a single switch shall be 750 square feet.
The total number of switches shall be not
less than one switch for each 1600 watts
(@ 277 volts) of connected load, or one
switch for each 1250 watts (@ 120 volts)
of connected load.

Exception: Lighting control requirements
for spaces which must be used as a whole
and operate during well defined periods of
the 24 hour day shall be exempt from
780 CMR 1313.2.2.1.2. If all the lighting

is automatically controlled such that during
non-business hours (from 14 hour after
closing to Vi hour before opening) % of the
connected load is shut off, or the operating
connected load does not exceed 0.7 watts
per square foot. (Examples of such spaces
may include retail and department stores,
warehouses, service corridors, public
lobbies of office buildings and other such
spaces.)

Lighting requirements for other spaces
which must be used as a whole but are not
operated during well defined periods of the
day and therefore may be utilized during
any period of the 24 hour day, may be
controlled by a lesser number of controls,
but not less than one control point for each
1500 watts of connected lighting power or
total of three control points, whichever is
greater. Lighting in such spaces shall be
controlled in accordance with the work
activities. (Examples of such spaces may
include the public lobbies of hotels and
hospitals and other such spaces, all under
central supervision.)

3. Hotel and motel guest rooms excluding
bathrooms shall have one or more master
switches at the door that turn off all
permanently wired lighting fixtures and
switched receptacles. For multiple room
hotel suites, switches at the entry of each
room, in lieu of the switch at the main
door, will be acceptable to meet these
requirements.

4. Bathrooms in hotels and motels shall
have a switchable, permanently installed
night light with a maximum wattage of five
watts.

5. Switches controlling the same load
from more than one location shall not be
credited as increasing the number of
controls to meet the requirements of
780CMR1313..2.2.

6. All task lighting shall be separately
controlled. There shall be at least one
switch per task area. Switches for task
lighting may be incorporated as part of the
lighting fixture.

Exceptions:

1 . Lighting controls forspaces which
must be used as a whole, such as public
lobbies of office buildings, hotels, and
hospitals; and warehouses, storerooms
and service corridors under centralized
supervision may be centralized in
remote locations.

2. Manual and automatic control
devices may reduce the number of
controls required as listed in Table
1313.2.2.

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ENERGY CONSERVATION

Table 1313.2.2

REDUCTION ALLOWANCE FOR

SELECTED CONTROLS

TYPE OF CONTROL

EQUIVALENT NUMBER
OF CONTROL POINTS

Occupancy sensors

Timer - Programmable from the
space being controlled

Three level, including off, step
control or pre-set dimming

Four level, including off, step
control or pre-set dimming

Automatic or continuous
dimming

1313.2.2.2 Accessibility of switches: All

switching devices used to control lighting

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224.1

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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

NON-TEXT PAGE

224.2 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ENERGY CONSERVATION

within an area shall be readily accessible to

personnel occupying that area.
Exceptions:

1. Lighting controls for spaces which
must be used a whole, such as public
lobbies of office buildings, hotels, and
hospitals; retail and department stores
and warehouses, storerooms and service
corridors under centralized supervision
may be centralized in remote locations.

2. Automatic controls

3. Programmable controls

4. Controls requiring trained operators.

5. Controls for safety hazards and
security.

1313.2.2.3 Exterior lighting controls: In all
exterior areas, lighting fixtures shall be
automatically switched for non-operation when
natural light is available except where security
considerations would dictate otherwise.

1313.2.3 Ballasts:

1313.23.1 Fluorescent lamp ballasts:

Fluorescent lamp ballasts which have all the
following characteristics shall meet or exceed
the minimum ballast efficiency factor as shown
in Table 1313.2.3.

1. Operate at nominal input voltages of
120 or 277 volts;

2. Have a power factor equal to or greater
than 0.60 for a single F40T12 lamp;

3. Used to operate either F40T12 or
F96T12 lamps as specified in Table
1313.2.3;

4. Designed for use at temperatures above
0°F;

5. Not specifically designed for use with
dimming controls.

Table 1313.2.3
MINIMUM BALLAST EFFICIENCY
FACTOR

BALLAST TYPE

BALLAST EFFICIENCY
FACTOR

One - 4 foot lamp

1.805

Two - 4 foot lamps 20 V")

1.06

Two - 4 foot lamps (277 V)

1.05

Two - 8 foot slimline lamps

0.57

Two - 8 foot high output rapid
start lamps

0.39

Note: The Ballast efficiency factor shall be calculated
in accordance with Equation 13 13.2.3. 1 :

Equation 1313.2.3.1

BEF =

Power Input

where:

BEF = Ballast efficiency factor

BF = Ballast factor, expressed as a percent (also

known as Relative Light Output)
Fewer Input = Total wattage of combined lamps
and ballasts

Tests for ballast factor and power input
shall be in accordance with ANSI Standard
C82.2 1984 Method of Measurement for
Fluorescent Lamps Ballasts using Standard
Lamps.

1313.2.3.2 One-lamp or three-lamp fluorescent
luminaires recess-mounted within ten feet
center-to-center of each other or pendant-
mounted or surface-mounted within one foot of
each other, and within the same room, shall be
tandem wired to eliminate unnecessary use of
single-lamp ballast.

1313.2.3.3 Ballasts shall have a power factor
greater than 90%.

Exception:

1. Ballasts for circline and compact
fluorescent lamps and low wattage high
intensity discharge lamps of less than 100
watts.

2. Dimming ballasts.

1313.3 Interior lighting power adjustment
factors:

1313.3.1 Adjusted Lighting Power (ALP):

When determining interior lighting compliance in
780 CMR 1313.4 or 1313.5, the Connected
Lighting Power (CLP) for lights controlled by
normal switching must not exceed the Interior
Lighting Power Limit (ILPL). However, when the
switching controls are automatic (i.e. daylight
sensors, occupancy sensors, or lumen
maintenance controls) the connected lighting
power may exceed the ILPL provided that the
Adjusted Lighting Power (ALP), calculated using
equation 1313.3.1 does not exceed the ILPL.

Equation 1313.3.1

ALP = CLPXPAF men:

ALP = Adjusted Lighting Power, watts

CLP= Connected Lighting Power for the

luminaires controlled by the automatic

control device, watts
PAF= Power Adjustment Factor

13133.2 Power Adjustment Factor (PAF): The

Power Adjustment Factor is limited to the specific
area controlled by the automatic control device.
The Power Adjustment Factor shall be as shown
in Table 13 13.3.2.

131333 Daylighting credits: Where daylighting
credit is utilized, based on the procedures in
780 CMR 1313.2.2.1 or 1313.3.2, automatic
controls such as photoelectric switches or
automatic dimmers shall be provided in the
daylighted spaces.

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225

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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

category by the gross floor area included in
that space use category.

3 . Add the total number of watts for each area
to arrive at the Interior Lighting Power Limit
(ILPL) for the building.

4. In all cases of alterations or additions to
existing buildings, the Unit Lighting Power
Allowance (ULPA) for the new or altered area
shall be calculated using Building Size Ranges
in Table 1 3 1 3 .4. 1 determined by combining the
square footage of each category represented in
such alterations or additions with the total
square footage of the respective categories of
the building.

1313.4.2 Compliance: A building shall be
considered in compliance with 780 CMR 1313.4
if the interior Adjusted Lighting Power (ALP) to
be installed, as determined in 1313.3.1, does not
exceed the Interior Lighting Power Limit (ILPL)
for the building, as determined in 1 3 1 3 .4. 1 .

Table 1313.4.1
UNIT LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCE

■ (ULPA), W/ft 2

Table 1313.3.2
POWER ADJUSTMENT FACTOR (PAF)

AUTOMATIC CONTROL DEVICE

PAF

1 . Occupancy sensors

0.70

2. Day lighting sensors

a) Continuous dimming

b) Multiple step control
clOn-off control

0.70
0.80

0.90

3. Lumen maintenance control

0.90

4. Combination of 1 . and 2.

0.60

5. Combination of 1. and 3.

0.65

6. Combination of 1 ., 2 and 3.

0.55

7. Programmable timing control

0.85

Notes:

1. PAF credits shall not be applied to the dimming
controls of incandescent lamps or luminaires.

2. Only one adjustment factor may be used for each
building space or luminaire, and 50% or more of the
luminaire shall be within the applicable space to qualify
for the power adjustment factor. Controls shall be in-
stalled in series with the lights and in series with all
manual switching devices in order to qualify for an
adjustment factor.

3. Daylighting controls shall be able to reduce electrical
power consumption for lighting, continuously or in two
or more steps, to 50% or less of maximum power
consumption; shall control all luminaires more than 50%
within a daylighted space, and shall not control any
luminaire more than 50% outside a daylighted space.

4. Programmable timing controls used for credit in
conjunction with Table 1313.3.2 shall be capable of:

a. programming different schedules for week days
and weekends.

b. temporary override by occupants with automatic
return to the original schedules. Override controls
shall be readily accessible.

c. providing independent control of each lighting load
which is required to be separately controlled.

1313.4 Prescriptive criteria: These prescriptive
lighting requirements shall be used with 780 CMR
1313.2 and 1313.3. 780 CMR 1313.5 may be used
instead of 780 CMR 1313.4.

1313.4.1 Interior Lighting Power Limit (ILPL)
calculation: Installed adjusted lighting power,
including supplemental or task lighting provided
by fixtures permanently wired in place but not by
movable fixtures shall comply with the power
limits established in this section. To establish a
lighting power allowance, the following
procedure shall be used:

1. Determine the space use categories and
Unit Lighting Power Allowances (ULPA) for
the various parts of the building from Table
1313.4.1. If a space use intended for the
building is not listed in Table 1313.4.1, then
the closest related building or space type listed
in the Table shall be used.

2. Multiply the Unit Lighting Power
Allowance (ULPA) for each space use

BUILDING SIZE RANGE, Ft*

BUILDING
SPACEATYPE

Less
than
6.000

6,001

to
15,000

15,001

to
30,000

30,001

to
50.000

50,001
or

Food Service
Fast Food/Cafeteria
Leisure Dining/Bar

1.5
2.2

1.4
1.9

1.3

1.7

1.3
1.5

1.3
1.4

Offices

1.9

1.8

1.7

1.6

1.5

Retail .
Type B & C
Type D & E
Mall Concourse at
multi-store shop-
ping centers

3.3
3.0

1.4

2.8
2.5

1.4

2.5
2.2

1.3

2.3
2.0

1.3

2.1
1.8

1.2

Garages & Basements

0.3

0.2

Schools
Pre-High School
High School/
Technical
University

1.8

2.0

1.8
2.0

1.7
2.0

1.6

1.9

1.5
1.8

Warehouse/Storage

0.8

0.6

0.5

0.4

Factory & Workshop

1.2

1.1

1.0

Notes:

1 Includes general merchandising and display lighting.

2 Type B & C Retail: Fine Merchandising and Mass
Merchandising.

3 Type D & E Retail: General Merchandising and Food
and Miscellaneous Merchandising.

4 General lighting.

1313.5 System performance criteria: These system
performance lighting requirements shall be used
with the minimum requirements specified in
780 CMR 1313.2 and 1313.3. The prescriptive
criteria listed in 780 CMR 1313.4 may be used
instead of 780 CMR 1313.5 (Note that if 780 CMR
1313.5, "System Performance Criteria", is employed,
a supplemental computer program, available through

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ENERGY CONSERVATION

the State House Bookstore must be utilized/the
detailed materials in 780 CMR 1315.5.1 thru
1315.5.3 and Table 1315.5.1 are provided here for
information only - see notes 1, 2 and 3.

NOTE(l):

A COMPUTER SOFTWARE PROGRAM, LGTSTD
(LIGHTING STANDARD) IS AVAILABLE TO
PERFORM 780 CMR 1333.5 EVALUATION. THIS
PROGRAM PERFORMS PASS/FAIL ANALYSIS.
THE LGTSTD SOFTWARE PROGRAM, ALONG
WITH THE ENVSTD SOFTWARE PROGRAM (SEE
780 CMR 1314.5) ARE COMBINED ON A SINGLE
5%" FLOPPY DISC AND THIS DISC, PLUS A
USER'S MANUAL FOR BOTH PROGRAMS, ARE
AVAILABLE THROUGH THE STATE
BOOKSTORE (617) 727-2834.

NOTE (2):

USE OF THE LIGHTING COMPLIANCE
CALCULATION COMPUTER PROGRAM
(LTGSTD21) OF THE CODIFIED VERSION OF
ASHRAE/IES 90.1-1989 "ENERGY CODE FOR
COMMERCIAL AND HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL
BUILDINGS" SHALL BE AN ACCEPTABLE
OPTION FOR DEMONSTARTING COMPLIANCE
WITH THE LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS OF
780 CMR .

NOTE (3):

780 CMR 1313.5.1 THROUGH 1313.2.3, TABLE
780 CMR 1313.5.2 AND FIGURES 1313.5.1 AND
1313.5.2 ARE INFORMATIONAL - THE
SUPPLEMENTAL COMPUTER SOFTWARE
LGTSTD1 AND LGTSTD2I ARE "PASS/FAIL"
EVALUATIONS.

1313.5.1 Unit power density procedure:

Installed Adjusted Lighting Power (ALP),
including supplemental or task related lighting
provided by movable fixtures shall comply with
the power allowances established in 780 CMR
1313.5.

1313.5.1.1 The Lighting Power Budget (LPB)
of each interior space shall be determined in
accordance with equation 1313.5.1.

Equation 1313.5.1

LPB =A XPbXAF where:

LPB = Lighting power budget of the space, watts

A = Area of the space, ft

Pb = BaseUPD,w/ft 2 (Tablel313.5.1)

AF = Area factor of the space (Figure 13 13.5.1)

1. The Room Area (A) shall be calculated from
the inside dimensions of the room.

2. The Base UPD (Pb) shall be selected from
Table 1313.5.1. For applications to areas or
activities other than those given, select values for
similar areas or activities.

3. The Area Factor (AF) shall be determined
from Figure 1313.5.1 based on the room area and
ceiling height. Rooms of identical ceiling height
and activities may be listed as a group. The AF of
a group of rooms shall be determined from the
average area of these rooms.

1313.5.1.2 Special Spaces and Activities

1. Multi-Function Rooms. For rooms
serving multi-functions, such as hotel
banquet/meeting rooms and office
conference/presentation rooms, a sup-
plementary lighting system with
independent controls may be installed. The
installed power for the supplementary
system shall not be greater than 50% of the
base LPB calculated in accordance with
780 CMR 1313.5.1.1.

2. Simultaneous Activities. In rooms
containing multiple simultaneous activities
such as a large general office having
separate accounting and drafting areas
within the same room, the LPB for the
rooms shall be the weighted average of the
activities in proportion to the areas being
served.

1313.5.2 The Interior Lighting Power Limit
(TLPL) shall include a 0.20W/ft' allowance for
unlisted space areas. The ILPL shall be calculated
in accordance with equation 1313.5.2.

Equation 1313.5.2:

ILPL=LPB(Listed Spaces) +020W/ft 2 X(Uniisted Space)

where:
ILPL = Interior Lighting Power Limit
Unlisted space - (LBA - Area of listed spaces),
ft 2

LBA = Lighting Building Area, ft
LPB = Lighting Power Budget

1313.5.3 Compliance: A building shall be
considered in compliance with this section if the
interior Adjusted Lighting Power (ALP) to be
installed in the building, as determined in
780 CMR 1313.3.1, does not exceed the Interior
Lighting Power Limit (ILPL) for the building, as
determined in 780 CMR 1313.5.2.

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227

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

Table 1313.5.1
BASE UNIT POWER DENSITY (UPD FOR AREA/ACTIVITY- W/FT 2 )

AREA/ACTIVITY

UPD

NOTE

COMMON ACTIVITY AREAS

Auditorium

1.6

(a)

Corridor

0.9

(b)

Classroom/Lecture hall

2.0

Elec/Mech equipment room

General

0.7

(b)

Control rooms

1.5

(b)

Food Service

Fast food/Cafeteria

1.3

Leisure dining

2.5

Bar/Lounge

2.5

(c)

Kitchen

1.4

Recreation/lounge

0.7

Stair

Active traffic

0.6

Emergency exit

0.4

Toilet & Washroom

0.8

Garage

Auto & Pedestrian

Circulation

0.3

Parkins area

0.2

Laboratory

2.3

OFFICE CATEGORY 1

(d)

Enclosed offices, all open plan offices without partitions or

with partitions lower

than 4.5 ft below the ceiling

Reading, typing and filing

1.6

(e)

Drafting

2.5

(e)

Accounting

2.0

(e)

OFFICE CATEGORY 2

(d)

Open plan offices 900 square feet or larger with partitions '.

.5 to 4.5 feet below 1he

ceiling. (Offices less than 900 square feet shall use Categor

^•1)

Reading, typing and filing

1.9

(b)

Drafting

2.9

(b)

Accounting

2.4

(b)

OFFICE CATEGORY 3

(d)

Open plan offices 900 square.feet or larger with partitions J

ligher than .3.5 feet

below the ceiling. (Offices Jess than 900 square feet shall us

e Category!)

Reading, typing and filing

2.1

(b)

Drafting

3.4

(b)

Accounting

2.7

(b)

COMMON ACTIVITY AREAS

Library

Audiovisual

1.1

Stack area

1.5

Card file and cataloging
Readine area

1.6
1.9

Lobby (General)

Reception and waiting
Elevator lobbies

1.0
0.8

Atrium (multi-story)
First 3 floors

0.7

Each additional floor

0.2

Locker room and shower

0.8

228

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2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ENERGY CONSERVATION

Notes:

(a) A 1 .5 adjustment factor is applicable for multi-functional spaces.

(b) Area Factor of 1 .0 shall be used for these spaces.

(d) Not less than 90% of all work stations shall be individually enclosed with partitions of at least the height
described.

(e) Area Factor shall not exceed 1 .55.

(f) See Chapter 2 for definitions of Retail Facilities.

(g) Area Factor of 1 .0 shall be used for all indoor athletic spaces.

Figure 1313.5.1
AREA FACTOR ADJUSTMENTS

£ 1.3

U \ ! \ 1 \ 1 i Vi i ■ 1 "Vj.

\i\ \i M \i i X i i r\

\\\ \ \ K . 1 I \ft l 1

\\\ \ \ i \i i r\i 1

\\ \ \ i \! X*.' I pO

\ \\ \i W- i S^ I -\-

k V V N.l\'

^■v^-i-Cei 1 ing Height

l\ \i\ i ^1 i^

r*"^«j i

\l \ X. i ^^ i i^-^ i J

N. j\ ^"n^ 1 7^"— — i^ ^ — ■ — -1

! 1 1 \!^ """"^ ~"*>--^J 1 P"""— — -!—

| | | ^^-^_ "-7-— ^__ — -^___|_ i

III ~~i — ■ — L~ i ■ '

I i i i i i ■ — H

1 i i i i i i i i 1

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 100C

Figure 1313.5.2
AREA OF SPACE (ft 2 )

1.7

1.6

1.5

O I.*

1.3
1.2

1.1
1.0

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Area Factor Formula:

Area Factor = 0.2 = 0.8 (1/0.9")

10.21(07/ - 2.5) .
where " - - 1

A = Area factor,

CH = Ceiling height (ft).

A r = room area (ft ).

If AF<1.0use 1.0;ifAF>1.8use 1.8.

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231

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

780 CMR 1314.0 BUILDING ENVELOPE

REQUIREMENTS FOR COMMERCIAL

AND HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL

BUILDINGS

1314.1 Scope: 780 CMR 1314.0 applies to
commercial buildings and to high rise residential
buildings over three stories.

1314.2 Compliance: The envelope design of a
building being evaluated is in compliance with the
requirements of 780 CMR 1314.0 provided that:

1 . The minimum requirements and calculation
procedures of 780 CMR 1314.3 are met; and,

2. Compliance with either the prescriptive
criteria (780 CMR 1314.4) or the system
performance criteria (780 CMR 1314.5) is met.

1314.2.1 The prescriptive criteria (780 CMR
1314.4) provide a simple calculation procedure
with limited flexibility. The system performance
criteria (780 CMR 1314.5) provide a more
complex and lengthy calculation procedure with
greater flexibility usually suitable for complex
envelope assemblies in larger buildings.

When using the system performance criteria
(780 CMR 1314.5) a computer-based procedure,
approved by the State Board of Building
Regulations and Standards, must be used to
calculate the exterior envelope compliance values.
(See 780 CMR 1314.5.)

1314.3 Minimum Requirements

13143.1 Overall thermal transmittance (Uo):

The overall thermal transmittance of building
envelope assemblies shall be calculated in
accordance with Equation 1314.3.1 :

Uo = (UiAi

UnAri)IAo

where:

Uo = the average thermal transmittance of the
gross area of an envelope assembly, e.g.,
the exterior wall assembly, including
fenestration and doors; roof and/or
ceiling assembly; or floor assembly,
(Btu/h-ft 2 -°F).

Ao = the gross area of the envelope assembly,
(ft 2 ).

Ui = the thermal transmittance of each
individual element of the envelope
assembly, e.g., the opaque portion of the
wall or the fenestration - see 780 CMR
1314.3.2, (Btu/h-ft 2 -°F).

Ut = 1/Rt, the total resistance of the envelope
assembly, (Btu/h-ft 2 -°F).

Ai = the area of each individual element of the
envelope assembly, (ft 2 ).

1314.3.2 Thermal transmittance (Ui) of an
individual element of an envelope assembly:

The thermal transmittance of each envelope
assembly shall be determined accounting for all

series and parallel heat flow paths through the
elements of the assembly. Compression of
insulation shall be accounted for in determining
the thermal resistance.

1314.3.2.1 The thermal transmittance of
opaque elements of assemblies shall be
determined using a series path procedure with
correction for the presence of parallel paths
within an element of the envelope assembly
(such as parallel paths through wall cavities
with insulation and studs). The procedure to be
used in meeting the requirements of 780 CMR
1314.3.2.1 is given in Appendix E.
13143.2.2 The thermal transmittance of
fenestration assemblies shall be corrected to
account for the presence of sash, frames, edge
effects and spacers in multiple glazed units. If
thermal transmittances of sash and frames are
known, then Equation 1314.3.1 shall be used
for calculation, otherwise Equation 1314.3.2
shall be used:

Equation 1314.3.2

UoMUg, \-Ff,\-Al = Ug,2-Ff,2-A2=... + Ug,n-Ff,n-An)

Where:

Uof = the overall thermal transmittance of the

fenestration assemblies, including sash

and frames, (Btu/h-ft 2 -°F).
Ug = the thermal transmittance of the central

area of the fenestration excluding edge

effects, spacers in multiple-glazed units,

and the sash and frame, (Btu/h-ft -°F).
Ff = framing adjustment factor for sash,

frames, etc.
Aof = the area all fenestration including glazed

portions, sash, frames, etc., (ft ).
Values for Ug shall be the larger of the winter or
summer values obtained the ASHRAE Handbook,
1993 Fundamentals Volume. Values for Ff shall be
obtained from the ASHRAE Handbook, 1993
Fundamentals Volume. Values for Ug and Ffmay
also be obtained from manufacturer's test data for
specific product assemblies. Where a range of
framing adjustment factors is provided, the average
of the range shall be used.

1314.3.3 Shading coefficients: The Shading
Coefficient (SC) for fenestration shall be obtained
from the ASHRAE Handbook, 1993
Fundamentals Volume or from manufacturers' test
data. For the prescriptive or systems performance
envelope compliance calculations in 780 CMR
1314.4 and 1314.5 a factor, SCx, is used. SCx is
the Shading Coefficient of the fenestration,
including internal and external shading devices,
but excluding the effect of external shading
projections which is calculated separately. The
shading coefficient used for louvered shade
screens shall be determined using a profile angle

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EXTERIOR WALL COVERINGS

sheathing is of wood not less than one-inch
nominal thickness or of wood structural panels
not less than 5/16 inch thick. Where wood
shingles or shakes are applied over fiberboard
shingle backer and fiberboard sheathing, such
shingles or shakes shall be attached with approved
corrosion-resistant annular-grooved nails and the
installation shall be done in accordance with the
approved manufacturer's installation instructions.
Where wood shingles or shakes and asbestos
shingles or siding are nailed directly to nail base
fiberboard sheathing, the sheathing shall not be
less than '/4-inch nominal thickness, the shingles,
shakes and siding shall be attached with approved
corrosion-resistant annular-grooved nails, and the
installation shall be done in accordance with the
approved manufacturer's installation instructions.

1405.3.8 Metal siding: Exposed metal siding or
sheathing shall be protected from corrosion at the
ground level by supporting the foundation channel
at sufficient height above grade on the concrete
apron or other approved water-resistant
foundation.

14053.9 Exterior wall pockets: In exterior walls
of all buildings or structures, wall pockets or
crevices in which moisture can accumulate shall
be avoided or protected with adequate caps or
drips, or other approved means shall be provided
to prevent water damage.

1405.3.10 Flashings: Approved corrosion-
resistant flashings shall be provided at the top and
sides of all exterior window and door openings in
such a manner as to be leakproof Approved
corrosion-resistant flashings shall be installed: at
the intersection of chimneys or other masonry
construction with frame or stucco walls, with
projecting lips on both sides under stucco
copings; under and at the ends of masonry, wood
or metal copings and sills; continuously above all
projecting wood trim; at the intersection of
exterior walls and porches and decks; at wall and
roof intersections; and at built-in gutters.

Exception: When approved, flashing is not
required where an approved water-resistant
sheathing is installed and an approved water-
resistant caulking is applied at the top and
sides of all window and door openings in such
a manner as to be leakproof.

1405.4 Metal veneers: Veneers of metal shall be
fabricated from approved corrosion-resistant
materials or shall be protected front and back with
porcelain enamel or shall otherwise be treated to
render the metal resistant to corrosion. Such veneers
shall not be less than 0.017-inch nominal thickness
galvanized sheet steel mounted on wood or metal
furring strips or approved sheathing on the wood
construction.

1405.4.1 Construction: Metal veneer for
buildings of other than Type 5 construction shall
be: securely attached to masonry; supported on
approved metal framing protected by painting,
galvanizing or other approved protection; or
supported by wood furring strips treated with an
approved preservative process that complies with
780 CMR 231 1.3.

1405.4.2 Waterproofing: All joints and edges
exposed to the weather shall be caulked with
approved durable waterproofing material or by
other approved means to prevent penetration of
moisture.

1405.43 Grounding metal veneers: Grounding
of metal veneers on all buildings shall comply
with the requirements of 780 CMR 27 and
527 CMR listed in Appendix A.

1405.5 Anchored masonry veneer: Anchored
veneer is veneer secured with approved mechanical
fasteners to an approved backing. All masonry
units, mortar and metal accessories used in anchored
veneer shall meet the physical requirements of
780 CMR 21. Anchored veneer units shall not be
less than 1% inches (41 mm) in actual thickness for
solid masonry units and not less than 2 s /e inches (67
mm) in actual thickness for hollow masonry units.

1405.5.1 Height of anchored veneer: Anchored
veneer shall be supported on footings, foundation
walls or other approved noncombustible structural
supports or on wood foundations meeting the
requirements of 780 CMR 1808.3. The weight of
all anchored veneer installed on structures more
than 30 feet (9144 mm) in height above the
noncombustible foundation or support, with the
exception of concrete masonry veneers, shall be
supported by noncombustible construction. The
construction shall have horizontal supports
located at each story height above the initial 30
feet (9144 mm).

Exception: Height increases are permitted
where an engineering analysis is prepared by a
registered design professional and approved.

1405.5.2 Horizontal supports: Noncombustible
lintels and noncombustible supports shall be
provided over all openings. Beams and lintels
supporting unreinforced masonry veneer shall not
exceed 1/600 of the span nor 0.3 inches (8 mm).

1405.53 Wood frame: Masonry veneer anchored
to wood framing shall be attached with corrosion-
resistant corrugated sheet metal not less than
0.029 inch (No. 22 gage) by 7 /s inch wide, or
corrosion-resistant ties of strand wire not less than
0.148-inch (No.9 W&M gage) wire with the ends
of the wire bent to a 90-degree (1 .57 rad) angle to
form a hook not less than two inches (51 mm)
long. The metal ties shall be embedded in the
mortar joint a minimum of one-half the veneer

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thickness. Each metal tie shall support not more
than three square feet (0.28 m 2 ) of wall area with
a maximum spacing of 16 inches (406 mm)
vertically and 32 inches (813 mm) horizontally.
Where anchored veneer is applied over wood
frame, the studs shall be spaced a maximum of 24
inches (610 mm) on center and be faced with
sheathing on both sides. A one-inch (25 mm)
minimum air space shall be maintained between
the anchored veneer and the sheathing. Moisture
protection shall be provided as required by
780 CMR 1405.3.6.

1405.5.4 Steel frame: Masonry veneer anchored
to corrosion-resistant steel framing shall be
attached with corrosion-resistant ties of strand
wire not less than 0. 148-inch (No. 9 W&M gage)
wire with the ends of the wire bent to a 90-degree
(1.57 rad) angle to form a hook not less than two
inches (51 mm) long. The wire ties shall be
embedded in the mortar joint a minimum of one-
half the veneer thickness. Each metal tie shall
support not more than 2.67 square feet (0.25 m 2 )
of wall area with a maximum spacing of 16 inches
(406 mm) vertically and 24 inches (610 mm)
horizontally. Where anchored veneer is applied
over steel frame, the studs shall be spaced a
maximum of 24 inches (610 mm) on center and be
faced with sheathing on both sides. A one-inch
(25 mm) minimum air space shall be maintained
between the anchored veneer and the sheathing.
Moisture protection shall be provided as required
by 780 CMR 1405.3.6.

1405.5.5 Masonry or concrete walls: Masonry
veneer anchored to masonry or concrete walls
shall be attached with corrosion-resistant ties of
strand wire not less than 0. 148-inch (No. 9 W&M
gage) wire with the ends of the wire bent to a 90-
degree (1.57 rad) angle to form a hook not less
than two inches (51 mm) long. The metal ties
shall be embedded in the mortar joint a minimum
of one-half the veneer thickness. Each metal tie
shall support not more than three square feet (0.28
m 2 ) of wall area with a maximum spacing of 1 6
inches (406 mm) vertically and 32 inches (813
mm) horizontally. A one-inch (25 mm)
minimum air space shall be maintained between
the anchored veneer and the supporting masonry
or concrete walls.

1405.5.6 Stone veneer: Stone veneer units not
exceeding ten inches in thickness are permitted to
be anchored directly to masonry, concrete or to
stud construction by one of the following
methods.

1 . With concrete or masonry backing, anchor
ties shall not be less than No. 12 gage
corrosion-resistant wire formed beyond the
base of the backing. The legs of the loops shall
not be less than six inches (153 mm) in length
bent at right angles and laid in the mortar joint
and spaced so that the eyes or loops are 12

inches (305 mm) maximum on center in both
directions. There shall be provided not less
than a No. 12 gage corrosion-resistant wire tie
threaded through the exposed loops for every
two square feet (0.186 m 2 ) of stone veneer.
This tie shall be a loop having legs not less
than 15 inches (381 mm) in length bent so that
the tie will lie in the stone veneer mortar joint.
The last two inches (5 1 mm) of each wire leg
shall have a right-angle bend. One inch (25
mm) of cement grout shall be placed between
the backing and the stone veneer.
2. With stud backing, a two-inch by two-inch
No. 16 gage corrosion-resistant wire mesh with
two layers of waterproof paper backing shall
be applied directly to wood studs spaced a
maximum of 16 inches (406 mm) on center.
On studs, the mesh shall be attached with two-
inch-long (51mm) corrosion-resistant steel
wire furring nails at four inches (102 mm) on
center providing a minimum 1 Vfe-inch (28 mm)
penetration into each stud and with 8d common
nails at eight inches (200 mm) on center into
top and bottom plates. The corrosion-resistant
wire mesh is permitted to be attached to steel
studs with equivalent wire ties. There shall not
be less than a No. 12 gage corrosion-resistant
wire, looped through the mesh for every two
square feet (0. 186 m 2 ) of stone veneer. This tie
shall be a loop having legs not less than 15
inches (38 mm) in length, so bent that the tie
will lie in the stone veneer mortar joint. The
last two inches (5 1 mm) of each wire leg shall
have a right-angle bend. One-inch (25 mm)
minimum thickness of cement grout shall be
placed between the backing and the stone
veneer.

1405.5.7 Slab-type veneer: Slab-type veneer
units not exceeding two inches (51 mm) in
thickness are permitted to be anchored directly to
masonry, concrete or stud construction. For
veneer units of marble, travertine, granite or other
stone units of slab form, ties of corrosion-resistant
dowels in drilled holes shall be located in the
middle third of the edge of the units spaced a
maximum of 24 inches (610 mm) apart around the
perimeter of each unit with not less than four ties
per veneer unit. Units shall not exceed 20 square
feet (1.86 m 2 ) in area.

If the dowels are not tight fitting, -the holes are
permitted to be drilled not more than 1/16 inch
(1.6 mm) larger in diameter than the dowel with
the hole countersunk to a diameter and depth
equal to twice the diameter of the dowel in order
to provide a tight-fitting key of cement mortar at
the dowel locations when the mortar in the joint
has set. All veneer ties shall be corrosion-
resistant metal capable of resisting in tension or
compression a force equal to two times the weight
of the attached veneer.

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CHAPTER 16

STRUCTURAL LOADS

(This Chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)

780 CMR 1601.0 GENERAL
1601.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 16 shall
control the structural design of all buildings and
structures, or portions thereof, hereafter erected.

780 CMR 1602.0 DEFINITIONS
1602.1 General: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 16 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings shown
herein.

Load: Forces or other actions that arise on structural
systems from the weight of all permanent
construction, occupants and their possessions,
environmental effects, differential settlement and
restrained dimensional changes.
Dead load. The weight of all permanent structural
and nonstructural components of a building, such
as walls, floors, roofs, ceilings, stairways and
fixed service equipment.

Duration of load: The period of continuous
application of a given load, or the aggregate of
periods of intermittent applications of the same
load.

Earthquake load: The assumed lateral load acting
in any horizontal direction on the structural frame
due to the dynamic action of earthquakes.
Impact load: The load resulting from moving
machinery, elevators, craneways, vehicles and
other similar forces and kinetic loads.
Internal load: The forces resulting from the
restraint of movement of construction materials or
differential movement of a combination of
materials caused by the effects of expansion or
contraction due to temperature changes,
shrinkage, moisture changes, creep, differential
settlement or combinations thereof.
Lateral soil load: The lateral pressure in pounds
per square foot (psf) (kilograms per square meter
[kg/m 2 ]) due to the weight of the adjacent soil,
including due allowance for hydrostatic pressure
and possible surcharge from fixed or moving
loads.

Live load: Those loads produced by the
occupancy of the building, not including
environmental loads such as wind loads, snow
loads, earthquake loads or dead loads.
Wind load: The lateral pressure on the building or
structure in pounds per square foot (psf)
(kilograms per square meter [kg/m 2 ]) due to wind
blowing in any direction.

Panel (part of a structure): The section of a floor
or wall comprised between the supporting frame
of two adjacent rows of columns and girders or
column bands of floor construction.

Wall
Loadbearing wall: A wall supporting any vertical
load in addition to its own weight.
Nonloadbearing wall: A wall which does not
support vertical loads other than its own weight.

780 CMR 1603.0 CONSTRUCTION
DOCUMENTS

1603.1 General: Construction documents shall show
the size, and relative locations of all structural
members with foundation, floor and roof levels,
column centers and all offsets dimensioned. The
design loads and other information pertinent to the
structural design required by 780 CMR 1603.2
through 1603.7 shall be clearly indicated on the
construction documents for all parts of the building
or structure.

1603.2 Floor live load: The uniformly distributed
floor live load utilized in the design shall be
indicated for all floor areas (780 CMR1 606.0). Live
load reduction (780 CMR 1608.0), if utilized, shall
be indicated.

1603.3 Roof live load: The roof live load utilized in
the design shall be indicated for all roof areas
(780 CMR 1609.0).

1603.4 Roof snow load: The basic snow load shall
be indicated.

1603.5 Wind load: The following information
related to wind loads shall be indicated, regardless of
whether wind loads govern the lateral design of the
building:

1 . Wind Load Zone. If more than one wind
direction is exposed, the applicable wind direction
shall be indicated

2. Wind pressure, P.

3. Special exposures

1603.6 Earthquake design data: Where earthquake
loads are applicable, the following earthquake
design data shall be indicated on the construction
documents:

1. The Seismic Hazard Exposure Group in
accordance with 780 CMR 1612.2.5;

2. The Seismic Performance Category in
accordance with 780 CMR 1612.2.7;

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3. The soil-profile type in accordance with Table
1612.4.1;

4. The basic structural system and seismic-
resisting system in accordance with Table
1612.4.4;

5. The response modification factor (R) and the
deflection amplification factor (CJ in accordance
with Table 1612.4.4; and

6. The analysis procedure utilized in accordance
with 780 CMR 1612.5 or 1612.6 as applicable.

1603.7 Other loads: Concentrated loads (780 CMR
1613.0), impact loads (780 CMR 1614.0) and
special loads (780 CMR 1615.0) which are
applicable to the design of the building or structure
shall he indicated.

780 CMR 1604.0 DESIGN SAFE LOAD

1604.1 Safe support required: Buildings or other
structures, and all parts thereof, shall be designed
and constructed to support safely all loads, including
dead loads, without exceeding the allowable stresses
(or specified strengths when appropriate load factors
are applied) for the materials of construction in the
structural members and connections.

1604.2 Progressive collapse: Buildings and
structural systems shall provide such structural
integrity that the hazards associated with progressive
collapse are reduced to a level consistent with good
engineering practice. Structures shall be able to
sustain local damage or failure, with the structure as
a whole remaining stable. Compliance with the
applicable provisions of ASCE 7 listed in
Appendix A shall be deemed to meet the
requirements of 780 CMR 1604.0.

16043 In-situ load tests: The code official is
authorized to require an engineering analysis or a
load test, or both, of any construction whenever
there is reason to question the safety of the
construction for the intended occupancy.
Engineering analysis and load tests shall be
conducted in accordance with 780 CMR 1707.0 or
1709.0.

780 CMR 1605.0 DESIGN DEAD LOAD

1605.1 Weights of materials and construction: In

estimating dead loads for the purposes of structural
design, the actual weights of materials and construc-
tions shall be utilized, but not less than the unit dead
loads prescribed in Appendix G, or ASCE 7 listed in
Appendix A. In the absence of definite information,
any values assumed by the designers shall be subject
to the approval of the code official.

1605.2 Weight of fixed service equipment: In

estimating dead loads for the purposes of design, the
weight of fixed service equipment such as plumbing
stacks and risers, electrical feeders, heating,

ventilating, air conditioning and fire protection
systems, shall be included.

16053 Partition load: In offices and other buildings
in which subdividing partitions are subsequently
erected, rearranged or relocated, provisions shall be
made to support the actual weight of such partitions
where the partitions occur, or for an equivalent
uniform load, which shall be assumed to be not less
than 20 psf (97.64 kg/m 2 ) of floor area in addition to
the specified uniformly distributed live load.
Provisions for partition weight shall be made
whether or not partitions are shown on the
construction documents, unless the specified live
load exceeds 80 psf (390.56 kg/m 2 ).

780 CMR 1606.0 UNIFORMLY
DISTRIBUTED LIVE LOADS
1606.1 Uniform live load: The minimum uniformly
distributed live load in pounds per square foot shall
be as provided for in Table 1606.1, and for all
concentrated loads wherever such loads occur as
provided for in 780 CMR 1613.0. The live loads in
Table 1606.1 are the minimum loads to be used for
the occupancies listed. Where the building will be
subjected to greater live loads, such loads shall be
utilized for design.

1606.1.1 Trucks and buses: Minimum live loads
for garages having trucks or buses shall be in
accordance with lane loads of AASHTO HB- 1 5
listed in Appendix A, but shall not be less than 50
psf (244 kg/m 2 ).

1606.1.2 Residential attics: All live load shall be
applied to joists or to bottom chords of trusses or
trussed rafters only in those portions of attic space
having a clear height of 42 inches (1067 mm) or
more between joist and rafter in conventional
rafter construction; and between bottom chord and
any other member in trusses or trussed rafter
construction. However, joists or the bottom
chords of trusses or trussed rafters shall be
designed to sustain the imposed dead load or ten
psf (49 kg/m 2 ), whichever is greater, uniformly
distributed over the entire span.

A further ceiling dead-load reduction to a
minimum of five psf (24 kg/m 2 ) or. the actual dead
load, whichever is greater, applied to joists in
conventional rafter construction or to the bottom
chords of trusses or trussed rafters is permitted
under either or both of the following conditions:

1. Where the clear height is not over 30
inches (762 mm) between joist and rafter in
conventional construction and between the
bottom chord and any other member for trusses
or trussed rafter construction.

2. Where a clear height of greater than 30
inches (762 mm), as defined in 780 CMR
1606.1 item 1, does not exist for a horizontal
distance of more than 12 inches (305 mm)
along the member.

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STRUCTURAL LOADS

Table 1606.1

MINIMUM UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED

LIVE LOADS

Occupancy

Live load
(psff

Occupancy

Live load
(psff

Apartments (see Residential)
Armories and drill rooms
Assembly areas & theatres:

Fixed seats

Movable seats

Platforms (assembly)

Stage floors
Balcony, decks (exterior)

One-and two-family dwellings only
Bowling centers, poolrooms and billiard rooms
Cornices

Corridors, except as otherwise indicated
Dwellings (see Residential)
Fire escapes

Single-family residential buildings only
Garages:

Passenger cars

Trucks and buses - see also 780 CMR 1606.1.1
Grandstands (see Reviewing stands)
Gymnasiums, main floors and balconies
Hospitals

Operating Rooms Laboratories
Private Rooms
Wards

Corridors above first floor
Hotels (see Residential)
Institutional - residential care (see Residential)
Libraries:

Reading Rooms

Stack rooms (books and shelves @ 40 pcf but

not less than)
Manufacturing
Light
Heavy
Marquees
Office buildings:
Offices
Lobbies

Corridors, above first floor
File and computer rooms require heavier

loads based upon anticipated occupancy
Penal Institutions:

Cell Blocks

Corridors
Residential:

Attics - see 780 CMR 1606.1 2
Multiple - family dwellings:

Dwelling units

Public rooms

Corridors
One-and two-family dwellings (areas other than

sleeping rooms)

Sleeping rooms
Decks, balconies, etc.
Hotels:

Guestrooms

Public rooms

Corridors serving public rooms

Corridors

60
100
100
150
100
60
75
60
100

100
40

50
50

100

40
40
80

60
150

125
150

50
100

40
100

30
60

40
100
100
80

Reviewing stands, grandstands and bleachers - see

780 CMR 1614.5 100

Schools

Classrooms 50

Corridors 80

Flexible open plan areas 1 00

Sidewalks, vehicular driveways, subject to 250
trucking

Skating rinks 100

Stairs and exits 100

Storage areas:

Light 125

Heavy 250

Stores:

Retail- 1st floor 100

Retail - upper flloors 75

Wholesale 100

Yards and terraces, pedestrians 100

Note a. 1 psf = 4.882 kg/nr.

780 CMR 1607.0 DESIGN LIVE LOAD

1607.1 Required live load: The live loads to be
assumed in the design of buildings and structures
shall be the greatest load produced by the intended
occupancy, but not less than the minimum uniformly
distributed unit loads required in 780 CMR 1606.0
for specific use groups.

1607.2 Loads not specified: The code official shall
approve the required live load for any occupancy not
specifically provided for in Table 1606.1.

16073 Partial loading: The full intensity of the
appropriately reduced live load applied only to a
portion of the length of a structure or member shall
be considered if such applied load produces a more
unfavorable effect than the same intensity applied
over the full length of the structure or member.

780 CMR 1608.0 LIVE LOAD REDUCTION
1608.1 General: The design live loads specified in
780 CMR 1607.0 may be reduced as permitted and
specified herein, except that -the design live load
shall not be reduced on the following types of
structural members:

1 . One-way precast or cast-in-place solid, ribbed
and hollow core concrete slabs.

Exception: Ribs of ribbed or hollow core
slabs may be treated as individual beams, and
live load may be reduced on the ribs the same
as for beams.

2. Two-way concrete flat slabs and grid slabs,
with or without capitals or drop panels.

Exception: live load may be reducted on slab
panels if there are beams on all sides of the

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panels, and load is transferred to the columns
from these beams entirely by "beam shear".

3. Hangers

1608.2 Design live loads of 100 psf or less: Except
for places of public assembly (as defined in
780 CMR 210.) garages, and open parking
structures, a structural member having a tributary
area A T that is greater than A B may be designed for
a reduced live load determined by the following
formulas:

L =NL

N = the largest of the following:

1. 1 - 0.0008 (A T - A B )

2. 0.75 - 0.20 (D /L )

3. 0.50 for members supporting load from
more than one floor, or 0.60 for members
supporting load from one floor only, in which:

L = reduced design live load for the member

L = basic design live load

D = dead load on the member

A T = loaded area tributary to the member, square

feet

A B = basic tributary area, square feet, defined as

follows:

A B = 100 square feet for members supporting

load from more than one floor

A B = 250 square feet for members supporting

load from one floor only

16083 Design live loads greater than 100 psf and
design live loads for garages and open parking
structures: Structrual members supporting load from
more than one floor may be designed for a reduced
live load equal to 80% of the design live load.

1608.4 For determination of the number of floors
supported by a member in 780 CMR 1608.1, 1608.2
and 1608.3 a roof may be considered to be a floor if
the design live load of the roof is equal to or greater
than the design live load of the floor below.

780 CMR 1609.0 ROOF LOADS

1609.1 General: The structural supports of roofs and
marquees shall be designed to resist wind (see
780 CMR 161 1 .0) and, where applicable, snow (see
780 CMR 1610.0) and earthquake loads (see
780 CMR 1612.0) in addition to the dead load of
construction and the appropriate live loads as
prescribed in 780 CMR 1609.0, or in Tablel 606.1

1609.2 Definitions: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 1609.0 and as
used elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings
shown herein.

Fabric awning: A fabric awning is an architectural
projection that provides weather protection, iden-
tity or decoration and is wholly supported by the
building to which it is attached. An awning is

comprised of a lightweight, rigid or retractable
skeleton structure over which a fabric cover is
attached.

Fabric canopy: A fabric canopy is an architectural
projection that provides weather protection,
identity or decoration and is ground supported in
addition to being supported by the building to
which the canopy is attached. A canopy is
comprised of a lightweight skeleton structure over
which a fabric cover is attached. A fabric canopy
is not a primary structure or a roof.

16093 Minimum roof loads: Ordinary roofs, either
flat, pitched or curved, shall be designed for the live
loads as specified in Table 1 609.3 or the snow load,
whichever is greater.

1609.4 Overhanging eaves: In other than occupan-
cies in Use Group R-3, and except where the over-
hang framing is a continuation of the roof framing,
overhanging eaves, cornices and other roof pro-
jections shall be designed for a minimum uniformly
distributed live load of 6Q psf (292.92 kg/m 2 ).

Table 16093
MINIMUM ROOF LIVE LOADS 3

Roof slope

Tributary loaded area in

square feet
for any structural member

to 200

201 to 600

Over 600

Flat, or rise less than 4
inches per foot (1:3)

Arch or dome with rise less
than Vs of span

Rise 4 inches per foot (1 :3)

to less than 12 inches per

foot (1:1)
Arch or dome with rise Ve of

span or less than % of

span

Rise 1 2 inches per foot (1:1)

and greater
Arch or dome with rise % of

span or greater

Note a: loads are expressed in pounds per square foot of

horizontal projection

Note b: I square foot = 0.093 m 2 l psf = 4.882 kg/m 2

1609.5 Ponding: Roofs shall- be designed for the
maximum possible depth of water that would pond
thereon as determined by the relative levels of roof
deck and overflow weirs, scuppers, edges or
serviceable drains in combination with the deflected
structural elements. In determining the maximum
possible depth of water, all primary roof drainage
means shall be assumed to be blocked.

1609.6 Special purpose roofs: Where occupied for
incidental promenade purposes, roofs shall be
designed for a minimum live load of 60 psf (292.92
kg/m 2 ); and 100 psf (488.20 kg/m 2 ) where designed
for roof gardens or assembly or educational
occupancies.

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FOUNDATIONS AND RETAINING WALLS

1 . Remove all objectionable material.

2. Effectively protect the steel surface from
pile cutoff grade to a grade 15 feet (4.6 m)
below the bottom of the objectionable material
by means of:

a. cathodic protection as approved by the
code official;

b. an approved encasement of not less than
three inches (76 mm) of dense concrete;

c. an effective protective coating subject to
the approval of the code official; or

d. providing an excess steel thickness of Vfe
inch (3.2 mm) beyond design requirements
on all exposed steel surfaces.

1816.4.2 Timber piles: The preservative
treatment of timber piles shall comply with the
provisions of 780 CMR 1822.2.

1816.5 Lateral support: Any soil shall be deemed
to afford sufficient lateral support to permit the
design of any type of pile as a short column. When
piles are driven through soil which will be removed
subsequent to the completion of the foundation, the
resistance offered by such material shall not be
considered to contribute to the lateral supporting
capacity.

1816.5.1 Column action: The portion of a pile
that is not laterally supported shall be designed as
a column in accordance with 780 CMR 19 taking
into consideration the conditions of end fixity.

1816.6 Group action: In cohesive soils, the
compressive load capacity of a group of friction
piles shall be analyzed by a generally accepted
engineering method, and, where such analysis
indicates, the individual allowable pile load shall be
reduced accordingly.

1816.7 Stability:

1816.7.1 Wall foundations: All piles in wall
foundations shall be staggered about the center of
gravity of the wall load at a minimum distance of
V2 the pile top diameter therefrom. A foundation
wall restrained laterally so as to ensure stability
both during and after construction may be
supported by a single row of piles.

1816.7.2 Columns: Individual columns supported
on piles shall be designed for eccentricity between
the column and the centroid of the supporting
piles equal to a minimum of three inches (76 mm)
or the actual eccentricity, whichever is greater.
The design shall account for such eccentricity
through one of the following methods:

a. By supporting the column on a minimum of
three piles in a triangular pattern.

b. By designing walls, grade beams or
structural floors to resist the bending moment
induced by the eccentricity.

c. By designing the piles, column or both to
resist the bending moment induced by the
eccentricity and providing adequate lateral
restraint at the top of the piles to resist the
lateral thrust due to the bending moment.

1816.8 Structural integrity: Piles shall be installed
in such a manner and sequence as to prevent
distortion or damage to piles being installed or
already in place, to the extent that such distortion or
damage affects the structural integrity of the piles.

When piles have been damaged in driving, or have
been driven in locations and alignment other than
those indicated on the plans, or have capacities less
than required by the design, the affected pile groups
and pile caps shall be investigated, and if necessary,
the pile groups or pile caps shall be redesigned or
additional piles shall be driven to replace the
defective piles.

1816.9 Spacing: The minimum center-to-center
spacing of piles shall be not less than twice the
average diameter of a round pile, nor less than PA
times the diagonal dimension of a rectangular pile.
When driven to or penetrating into rock, the spacing
shall be not less than 24 inches (610 mm). When
receiving principal support from end-bearing on
materials other than rock or through frictional
resistance, the spacing shall be not less than 30
inches (762 mm) or as provided in 780 CMR
1820.4.6 for Pressure Injected Footings.

1816.10 Splices: Splices shall be avoided insomuch
as practicable. When used, slices shall be
constructed so as to provide and maintain true
alignment and position of the component parts of the
pile during installation and subsequent thereto, and
shall be of adequate strength to transmit the vertical
and lateral loads and moments occurring at the
location of the splice during driving and under
service loading. Splices shall develop not less than
50% of the capacity of the pile in bending.
Additionally, all pile splices occurring in the upper
ten feet (3 m) of the embedded portion of the pile
shall be capable of resisting at allowable working
stresses the moment and shear that results from an
assumed eccentricity of the pile load of three inches
(76 mm); or the pile shall be braced in accordance
with 780 CMR 1816.7 to other piles that do not have
splices in the upper ten feet (3 m) of embedment.

1816.11 Pile caps: Pile caps shall be of reinforced
concrete. The soil immediately below the pile cap
shall not be considered as carrying any vertical load.
The tops of all piles shall be embedded not less than
three inches (76 mm) into pile caps, and the caps
shall extend at least four inches (102 mm) beyond
the edges of all piles. The tops of all piles shall be
cut back to sound material before capping.

1816.11.1 Pile cap seismic connection: All

concrete piles shall be connected to the pile cap so

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that reinforcement is embedded in the pile cap for
a distance equal to the development length as
specified in ACI 318 listed in Appendix A.

Field-placed dowels anchored in the concrete
piles are acceptable. The development length to
be provided is the full development length for
compression without reduction in length for
excess area. Where seismic confinement
reinforcement at the top of the pile is required,
alternative measures for laterally confining
concrete and maintaining toughness and ductile-
like behavior at the top of the pile shall be
permitted provided consideration is given to
forcing the hinge to occur in the confined region.

Where a minimum length for reinforcement or
the extent of closely spaced confinement
reinforcement is specified at the top of the pile,
provisions shall be made so that those specified
lengths or extents are maintained after pile
cut-off.

1816.11.2 Pile foundation seismic ties: Piles or
pile caps shall be interconnected by ties capable
of resisting, in tension or compression, a force
equal to 10% of the larger column dead plus live
load. Individual tie beams are not required when
it is demonstrated that equivalent restraint will be
provided by structural members within slabs on
grade or reinforced concrete slabs on grade or
confinement by competent rock, cohesive soils,
very dense granular soils or other approved
means.

1816.12 Pre-excavation: Jetting, augering and other
methods of pre-excavation must be approved by the
code official and carried out in the same manner as
used for piles subject to load test and in a manner
which will not impair the carrying capacity of the
piles already in place or the safety of existing
adjacent structures. Pre-excavation shall be of the
same method as carried out on piles subject to load
tests. Immediately after completion of jetting or
augering, the pile shall be advanced to the maximum
depth of pre-excavation and driven below this depth
to the required load resistance. Where load tests are
required, pre-excavation of test piles will be of the
same manner as proposed for production piles.

1816.13 Inspection: The owner shall engage a
registered design professional who shall submit his
qualifications in writing to the code official. This
design professional, or his representative, who must
be qualified by experience and training, shall be
present at all times while piles are being driven to
observe all work in connection with the piles. The
design professional or his representative shall make
an accurate record of the material and the principal
dimensions of each pile, of the weight and fall of the
ram, the type, size and make of hammer, cushion
blocks, the number of blows per minute, the energy
per blow, the number of blows per inch for, the last

six inches (150 mm) of driving, together with the
grades at point and cutoff and any other pertinent
details. A copy of these records shall be signed by
the registered design professional, and filed in the
office of the code official.

1816.14 Identification: All pile materials shall be
identified for conformity to the specified grade with
this identification maintained continuously from the
point of manufacture to the point of installation or
shall be tested by an approved agency to determine
conformity to the specified grade and the approved
agency shall furnish an affidavit of compliance to
the code official .

1816.15 Pile location plan: A plan showing the
location and designation of all piles by an
identification system shall be filed with the code
official prior to installation of such piles. All
detailed records for individual piles shall bear an
identification corresponding to that shown on the
plan.

1816.16 Use of existing piles: Piles left in place
where a structure has been demolished shall not be
used for the support of new construction unless
satisfactory evidence is submitted to the code
official which indicates that the piles are sound and
meet all of the requirements of 780 CMR. Such
piles shall be load tested or redriven to verify their
capacities. The design load applied to such piles
shall be the lowest allowable load as determined by
tests or redriving data.

1816.17 Pile driveability: Pile cross sections shall
be of sufficient size and strength to withstand
handling and driving stresses without damage to the
pile and to provide sufficient stiffness to transmit the
required driving forces. Driven piles of uniform
cross section or tapered piles shall have a minimum
nominal diameter of eight inches (200 mm) except
as provided in 780 CMR 1 820.6.4 for small diameter
grouted piles, 780 CMR 1822.3.3 for timber piles
and 780 CMR 1821.1 for precast concrete piles.
Tapered shoes or points of lesser dimensions may be
attached to the pile unit.

1816.18 Pile heave: Adequate provision shall be
made to observe pile heave. Accurate reference
points shall be established on each pile immediately
after installation; for cast-in-place piles with unfilled
corrugated shells, the reference point shall be at the
bottom of the pile. If, following the installation of
other piles in the vicinity, heaving of 14 inch (13
mm) or more occurs, the heaved piles shall be re-
driven to develop the required capacity and
penetration, or the capacity of the pile may be
verified by load tests in accordance with
780 CMR 1817.4.

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1908.7.2 Unacceptable concrete: Concrete that
has partially hardened or has been contaminated
by foreign materials shall not be deposited in the
structure.

1908.7.3 Retempering: Retempered concrete or
concrete that has been remixed after initial set
shall not be used unless approved by the
registered design professional.

1908.7.4 Continuous concreting: Once started,
concreting shall be carried on as a continuous
operation until the placement of a panel or
section, as defined by panel or section boundaries
or predetermined joints, is completed except as
provided for in 780 CMR 1909.4.

1908.7.5 Placement in walls: Top surfaces of
vertically formed lifts shall be generally level.

1908.7.6 Construction joints: Where
construction joints are required, such joints shall
be made in accordance with 780 CMR 1909.4.

1908.7.7 Consolidation: All concrete shall be
thoroughly consolidated by suitable means during
placement and shall be thoroughly worked around
reinforcement and embedded fixtures and into
comers of forms.

1908.8 Curing: Concrete (other than high-early-
strength) shall be maintained above 50°F (10°C)
and in a moist condition for at least the first seven
days after placement, except when cured in
accordance with 780 CMR 1908.8.2.

1908.8.1 High-early-strength concrete: High-
early-strength concrete shall be maintained above
50°F (10°C) and in a moist condition for at least
the first three days after placement, except when
cured in accordance with 780 CMR 1908.8.2.

1908.8.2 Accelerated curing: If curing is to be
accelerated, such curing shall be done in
accordance with ACI 318.

1908.9 Cold-weather requirements: Adequate
equipment shall be provided for heating concrete
materials and protecting concrete during freezing or
near-freezing weather.

1908.9.1 Frost: All concrete materials and all
reinforcement, forms, fillers and ground with
which concrete is to come in contact shall be free
from frost.

1908.9.2 Ice: Frozen materials or materials
containing ice shall not be used.

1908.10 Hot-weather requirements: During hot
weather, attention shall be given to ingredients,
production methods, handling, placing, protection
and curing to prevent excessive concrete
temperatures or water evaporation that would impair
required strength or serviceability of the member or
structure.

780 CMR 1909.0 FORMWORK, EMBEDDED
PIPES AND CONSTRUCTION JOINTS

1909.1 Design of formwork: The design,
fabrication and erection of forms shall result in a
final structure that conforms to shapes, lines and
dimensions of the members as required by the
construction documents.

1909.1.1 Form strength: Forms shall be
substantial and shall be sufficiently tight to
prevent leakage of concrete.

1909.1.2 Form bracing: Forms shall be properly
braced or tied together to maintain position and
shape.

1909.1.3 Form placement: Forms and their
supports shall be designed so as not to damage
previously placed structures.

1909.2 Removal of forms and shores: Construction
loads shall not be supported on, nor any shoring
removed from, any part of the structure under
construction except where that portion of the
structure, in combination with the remaining
forming and shoring system, has sufficient strength
to support safely its weight and loads placed
thereon.

1909.2.1 Structural analysis: Sufficient strength
shall be demonstrated by structural analysis
considering proposed loads, strength of the
forming and shoring system, and concrete strength
data. Concrete strength data shall be based on
tests of field-cured cylinders or, where approved,
on other procedures to evaluate concrete strength.
Structural analysis and concrete- strength test data
shall be furnished to the code official when so
required.

1909.2.2 Construction loads: Construction loads
exceeding the combination of superimposed dead
load plus specified live load shall not be
supported on any unshored portion of the
structure under construction, unless analysis
indicates adequate strength to support such
additional loads.

1909.2.3 Safety: Forms shall be removed in such
a manner so as not to impair safety and
serviceability of the structure. All concrete to be
exposed by form removal shall have sufficient
strength not to be damaged thereby.

1909.2.4 Prestressed members: Form supports
for prestressed concrete members shall not be
removed unless sufficient prestressing has been
applied to enable prestressed members to carry
their dead load and anticipated construction
loads.

19093 Conduits and pipes embedded in concrete:

Where conduits, pipes and sleeves of any material
not harmful to concrete and within limitations of

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780 CMR 1909 are embedded in concrete with the
approval of the engineer, such embedments shall not
be considered to replace structurally the displaced
concrete, except as provided for in 780 CMR
1909.3.5.

19093.1 Aluminum conduit and pipe: Conduits
and pipes of aluminum shall not be embedded in
structural concrete unless effectively coated or
covered to prevent aluminum concrete reaction or
electrolytic action between aluminum and steel.

1909.3.2 Structural effect: Conduits, pipes and
sleeves passing through a slab, wall or beam shall
not impair significantly the strength of the
construction.

190933 Columns: Conduits and pipes, including
fittings, embedded within a column, shall not
displace more than 4% of the area of the cross
section on which strength is calculated or which
is required for fire protection.

19093.4 Slabs, walls or beams: Except where
construction documents for conduits and pipes are
approved by the registered design professional
and the code official, conduits and pipes
embedded within a slab, wall or beam (other than
those merely passing through) shall:

1 . Not be larger in outside dimension than Va
of the overall thickness of the slab, wall or
beam in which such conduits and pipes are
embedded.

2. Not be spaced closer than three diameters
or widths on center.

3. Not impair significantly the strength of the
construction.

190933 Displaced concrete: Conduits, pipes and
sleeves shall not be considered in compression as
replacing structurally the displaced concrete
unless such conduits, pipes and sleeves:

1. Are not exposed to rusting or other
deterioration.

2. Are of uncoated or galvanized iron or steel
not thinner than standard Schedule 40 steel
pipe.

3 . Have a nominal inside diameter not over
two inches and are spaced not less than three
diameters on center.

19093.6 Additional considerations: In addition
to the other requirements of 780 CMR 1909.3,
pipes that will contain liquid, gas or vapor which
are embedded in structural concrete shall conform
to the following conditions:

1 . Pipes and fittings shall be designed to resist
effects of the material, pressure and
temperature to which the pipes and fittings will
be subjected.

2. Liquid, gas or vapor except water not
exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) or 50 psi (345 kPa)
pressure, shall not be placed in the pipes until
the concrete has attained design strength.

3 . In solid slabs, piping that is not used for
radiant heating or snow melting shall be placed
between top and bottom reinforcement.

4. Concrete cover for pipes, conduit and
fittings shall not be less than 114 inches (38
mm) for concrete exposed to earth or weather
conditions or % inch (19 m) for concrete not
exposed to weather conditions or in contact
with ground.

5. Reinforcement with an area of not less than
0.002 times the area of the concrete section
shall be provided normal to piping.

6. Piping and conduit shall be fabricated and
installed so that cutting, bending or
displacement of reinforcement from the proper
location will not be required.

1909.4 Construction joints: Construction joints
shall be created using the procedures set forth in
780 CMR 1909.4.1 through 1909.4.6.

1909.4.1 Surface cleaning: Surface of concrete
construction joints shall be cleaned and laitance
removed.

1909.4.2 Preparation of joint: Immediately
before new concrete is placed, all construction
joints shall be wetted and standing water shall be
removed.

1909.43 Effect on strength: Construction joints
shall be so made and located as not to impair the
strength of the structure. Provisions shall be
made for the transfer of shear and other forces
through construction joints.

1909.4.4 Location of joints: Construction joints
in floors shall be located within the middle third
of the spans of slabs, beams and girders. Joints in
girders shall be offset a minimum distance of two
times the width of intersecting beams.

1909.4.5 Support conditions: Beams, girders or
slabs supported by columns or walls shall not be
cast or erected until concrete in the vertical
support members is not in a plastic state.

1909.4.6 Monolithic pours: Beams, girders,
haunches, drop panels and capitals shall be placed
monolithically as part of a slab system, unless
otherwise shown on the construction documents.

780 CMR 1910.0 DETAILS OF
REINFORCEMENT
1910.1 General: Details of reinforcement shall
comply with the requirements of 780 CMR 1910.0
and ACI 3 1 8. Where unidentified reinforcement is
approved for use, such reinforcement shall be tested
in accordance with the following:

Not less than three tension and three bending tests
shall be made on representative specimens of the
reinforcement from each shipment and grade of
reinforcing steel proposed for use in the project.

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1910.2 Bending reinforcement: All reinforcement
shall be bent cold, unless otherwise permitted by the
registered design professional and approved.
Reinforcement partially embedded in concrete shall

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

diagonal wood sheathing, wood structural panels or
particleboard panels are installed, or where other
sheathing as specified in 780 CMR 2305.13 is
applied vertically in panels of not less than four feet
by eight feet with approved fasteners complying
with Table 2305.2. Other sheathing materials shall
be permitted when tested in accordance with ASTM
E72 listed in Appendix A.

The lateral load resistance shall be established by
the lesser of: the values determined by dividing the
maximum load reported in the test by 2.5; or the
load at which the deflection reported in the test
exceeds /i/480, where h is the height of the test
assembly.

2305.8 Seismic bracing: Where structural analysis
of the seismic force-resisting system is not provided,
buildings shall meet the provisions of 780 CMR
2305.0 and shall have roof and exterior wall dead
loads less than or equal to 15 psf (73 kg/m 2 ) and
floor dead loads less than or equal to 10 psf (49
kg/m 2 ).

Table 2305.8

WALL SPACING AND HEIGHT

LIMITATIONS FOR WOOD AND FRAME

CONTRUCTION

Seismic Performance
Category

Maximum distance

between interior
bracing walls (feet)

Maximum Stories
(height) permitted

! (30 feet)

1 (20 feet)

Note a: Applies only to Seismic Hazard Exposure Group
I; engineering analysis required for Seismic Hazard
Exposure Group II

2305.8.1 Wall bracing required: All exterior
walls and required interior bracing walls shall be
braced by one of the types of sheathing prescrided
in table 2305.8.1 for each 25 lineal feet (or 7.6 m)
of exterior wall or required interior bracing wall
length. The required length of sheathing shall be
distributed along the length of the bracing wall
with a minimum four foot panel of sheathing at,
or within four feet of, each end. Construction of
bracing walls shall comply with the requirements
of 780 CMR 2305.9

Table 2305.8.1

MINIMUM SEISMIC WALL BRACING PER

25 LINEAL FEET OF INTERIOR AND

EXTERIOR WALL LENGTH a ' c

Story location

Sheathing

A v = 0.12

Top or only
story

W/SP

7'-0"
4'-0"

First of two
stories or second
of three stories

GP
W/SP

13'-0"
7'-0"

First of three
stories

GP
W/SP

Note c.

WOOD

Note a. Interpolation of the tabular values is permitted

where the length of wall between exterior walls or

interior-braced walls is less than 25 feet.

Note b. GP = Gypsum or particleboard sheathing; W/SP

= Diagonal wood boards or wood structural panels.

Note c. Analysis of the seismic force-resisting system

required.

Note d. One foot = 304.8 mm.

2305.8.2 Double-sheathed walls: Where braced
walls are sheathed on both sides with identical
sheathing, the required length of sheathing in
Table 2305.8.1 is permitted to be taken as l A the
tabular length. Where different sheathing
materials are used on either side of a wall, the
required length of sheathing in Table 2305.8.1 is
permitted to be taken as Vi of the tabular length
for the material requiring the greater length.
Double-sheathed walls shall have a minimum
length of four feet (1219 mm).

2305.83 Stud walls: Stud walls that are less than
the full height of the story shall be braced as
required for exterior walls or interior-braced
walls and shall be considered an additional story.

2305.8.4 Sheathing installation: Sheathing shall
be installed in accordance with the provisions of
Table 2305.13 where acting as wall bracing. To
be considered effective as bracing, the sheathing
shall be at least 48 inches in width covering three
16-inch stud spaces or two 24-inch stud spaces
and be fastened to the wall studs in accordance
with Table 2305.2. Sheathing shall be fastened to
the wall studs, sole plate and top plate in
accordance with Table 2305.2. All vertical joints
of panel sheathing shall occur over studs and all
horizontal joints shall occur over blocking at least
equal in size to the studs. All framing in
connection with sheathing used for bracing shall
not be less than two inches nominal in thickness.

2305.9 Braced wall: All exterior walls and interior-
braced walls required by Table 2305.8, shall be
constructed to transfer forces from roofs and floors
to braced walls and from the braced walls in upper
stories to the braced walls in the story below.
Braced wall lines from the story above to the story
below are permitted to be offset a maximum of 24
inches (610 mm). Blocking, where required by
780 CMR 2305.9, need only be provided for the
length of the wall specified in Table 2305.8.1.

2305.9.1 Roof to braced wall connections: Roof
to interior-braced wall connections for buildings
with maximum dimensions not over 50 feet
(15240 mm) are permitted to be made at the
intersection of exterior walls. Double top plates
shall be lapped at the intersection and nailed in
accordance with Table 2305.2. For buildings with
maximum dimensions greater than 50 feet (15240
mm), the interior-braced walls shall be fastened
directly to the ceiling joist in accordance with
780 CMR 2305.9.2 or 2305.9.3.

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2305.9.2 Parallel floor joist and braced wall
connections: Where the floor framing is parallel
to the braced wall line, joists shall be doubled
directly beneath the braced wall line and nailed in
accordance with Table 2305.2.

Where the upper and lower braced walls are
offset, the joist spaces between the offset braced
walls shall be blocked with a minimum blocking
size of two inches by six inches, spaced at 32
inches (813 mm) on center, within the joist cavity
under the braced wall, and positioned in the upper
portion of the cavity. The upper braced wall is
permitted to be nailed to the blocking with two
16d nails at each piece of blocking. The lower
braced wall shall be toe nailed, in accordance with
Table 2305.2, to a joist located directly above the
top plates.

2305.9.3 Perpendicular floor joist and braced
wall connections: Where the floor framing is
perpendicular to the braced wall line, solid
blocking for the full depth of the floor joist shall
be provided for the length of bracing required.
The interior-braced wall shall be nailed to the
blocking in accordance with Table 2305.2.

Where the upper and lower braced walls are
offset, a minimum of two-inch by six-inch
blocking shall be located in the upper portion of
the joist space, directly beneath the upper braced
wall and in the lower portion of the joist space,
directly above the lower braced wall.

2305.10 Multiple stories: Where the frame is more
than one story in height and studs and posts are not
continuous from sill to roof, the members shall be
secured together with approved clips, splices or
other connections to insure a continuous, well-
integrated structure. Sheet metal clamps, ties or
clips shall be formed of galvanized steel or other
approved corrosion-resistant material equivalent to
0.040-inch nominal thickness steel sheets for two-
inch framing members and not less than 0.052-inch
nominal thickness steel sheets for three-inch
structural members. For four-inch and larger
members, column splices and beam and girder
supports shall comply with 780 CMR 2304. 1 .

2305.11 Framing over openings: Headers, double
joists, trusses or other approved assemblies which
are of adequate size to transfer all superimposed
loads to the vertical members shall be provided over
all window and door openings in loadbearing walls
and partitions.

2305.12 Framing around flues and chimneys:

Combustible framing shall be a minimum of two
inches (51 mm), but shall not be less than the
distance specified in 780 CMR 2114.0 and the
mechanical code listed in Appendix A, from all
flues, chimneys and fireplaces, and six inches (152
mm) away from flue openings.

2305.13 Wall sheathing: Except as provided for in
780 CMR 1405.3 for weatherboarding or where
stucco construction that complies with 780 CMR
2506.0 is installed, all enclosed buildings shall be
sheathed with one of the materials of the nominal
thickness specified in Table 2305.13 or any other
approved material of equivalent strength and
durability.

Table 2305.13

MINIMUM THICKNESS OF WALL

SHEATHING

Sheathing type

Minimum
thickness

Maximum shear
wail stud spacing*

Wood boards

s /a inch

24 inches on center

Fiberboard

7/16 inch

1 6 inches on center

Wood structural panel

In accordance with Table 2307.3.5

2-M-lor2-M-W
Particleboard

In accordance with Table 2308.5(2)

Gypsum sheathing

Vi inch

1 6 inches on center

Gypsum wallboard

Viinch

24 inches on center

Reinforced cement
mortar

1 inch

24 inches on center

Note a. 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

2305.13.1 Wood structural panel wall bracing:

In buildings assigned to Seismic Performance
Category D, where wood structural panel
sheathing is installed structurally as covering on
the exterior of outside walls, such sheathing shall
be of the exterior type. Where used elsewhere
structurally, wood structural panel sheathing shall
be bonded by intermediate or exterior glue.

2305.13.2 Paper-backed lath sheathing: In

occupancies in Use Group R-3 and one-story
commercial buildings with brick or similar
veneers, the sheathing shall conform to 780 CMR
2305.13 or shall consist of a layer of paper-
backed lath complying with 780 CMR 2505.0 and
a one-inch (25 mm) intermediate space which
shall be mortar filled as each course of veneering
is applied.

2305.14 Flooring: The flooring of wood frame
construction shall be of adequate strength and
stiffness to support required loads and, where
necessary for strength and for lateral support of the
building, subflooring shall be provided.

2305.14.1 Floor spans: Design stresses of floor
joists shall be determined in accordance with
AFPA NDS listed in Appendix A. Metal-plate-
connected floor trusses shall be designed in
accordance with TPI Design Specifications for
Metal Plate Connected Parallel Chord Wood
Trusses and AFPA NDS listed in Appendix A.

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CHAPTER 27

ELECTRIC WIRING, EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS

(780 CMR 27 is Entirely Unique to Massachusetts)

2701.0: M.G.L. c. 143, § 3L, provides that all Code (527 CMR 12.00) listed in Appendix A and

installation, repair and maintenance of wiring and promulgated by the Board of Fire Prevention

electrical fixtures used for light, heat and power Regulations of the Commonwealth of

purposes in buildings and structures shall be in Massachusetts, Department of Fire Services,
conformance with the Massachusetts Electrical

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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
NON-TEXT PAGE

416 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION

facing material. The dimensional limitation of
120 square feet (11.16 m : ) shall not apply to
sign facing sections made from flameresistant-
coated fabric (ordinarily known as "flexible
sign face plastic") that weighs less than 20
ounces per square yard (678 g/nr) and which,
when tested in accordance with NFiPA 701
listed in Appendix A meets the requirements of
both the small-scale test and the large-scale
test, or which, when tested in accordance with
an approved test method, exhibits an average
burn time for ten specimens of two seconds or
less and a burning extent of 15 centimeters or
less.

3102.6.5 Animated devices: Signs that contain
moving sections or ornaments shall have fail-
safe provisions to prevent the section or
ornament from releasing and falling or shifting
its center of gravity more than 15 inches (381
mm). The fail-safe device shall be in addition
to the mechanism and the mechanism's housing
which operate the movable section or
ornament. The fail-safe device shall be
capable of supporting the full dead weight of
the section or ornament when the moving
mechanism releases.

3102.7 Ground signs: The structural frame of
ground signs shall not be erected of combustible
materials to a height of more than 35 feet (10668
mm) above the ground. In all locations, where
constructed entirely of noncombustible material,
ground signs shall not be erected to a height of
greater than 100 feet (30480 mm) above the ground.
Greater heights are permitted where approved and
located so as not to create a hazard or danger to the
public.

3102.8 Roof signs: Roof signs shall comply with
780 CMR 3102.8.1 through 3102.8.4.

3102.8.1 Materials: All roof signs shall be
constructed entirely of metal or other approved
noncombustible material except as provided for in
780 CMR 3102.6.4. Provisions shall be made for
electric grounding of all metallic parts. Where
combustible materials are permitted in letters or
other ornamental features, all wiring and tubing
shall be kept free and insulated therefrom.

3102.8.2 Bottom clearance: There shall be a
clear space of not less than six feet (1829 mm)
between the lowest part of the sign and the roof
level, except for necessary structural supports.

3102.8.3 Closed signs: A closed roof sign shall
not be erected to a height greater than 50 feet
(15240 mm) above the roof of buildings of
Types 1 and 2 construction, nor more than 35 feet
(10668 mm) above the roof of buildings of
Types 3, 4 and 5 construction.

3102.8.4 Open signs: An open roof sign shall not
exceed a height of 100 feet (30480 mm) above the
roof of buildings of Types 1 and 2 construction;
and not more than 60 feet (18288 mm) above the
roof of buildings of Types 3, 4 and 5 construction.

3102.9 Wall signs: Wall signs shall comply with
780 CMR 3 1 02.9. 1 and 3 1 02.9.2.

3102.9.1 Materials: Wall signs which have an
area exceeding 40 square feet (3.72 m 2 ) shall be
constructed of metal or other approved
noncombustible material, except for nailing rails
and as provided for in 780 CMR 3102.6.4.

3102.9.2 Extension: Wall sigtv; shall not be
erected to extend above the top of the wall, nor to
extend beyond the ends of the wall to which the
signs are attached unless such signs conform to all
of the requirements for roof signs, projecting
signs or ground signs.

3102.10 Projecting signs: Projecting signs shall
comply with 780 CMR 3102.10.1 through
3102.10.4.

3102.10.1 Materials: Projecting signs shall be
constructed entirely of metal or other approved
noncombustible material except as provided for in
780 CMR 3102.6.4.

3102.10.2 Maximum projection: A projecting
sign shall not extend beyond a vertical plane that
is two feet (610 mm) inside the curb line.

3102.103 Clearance: A vertical clearance of not
less than eight feet (2438 mm) shall be provided
below all parts of projecting signs.

3102.10.4 Additional loads: Projecting sign
structures which will be used to support an
individual on a ladder or other servicing device -
whether or not specifically designed for the
servicing device - shall be capable of supporting
the anticipated additional load, but not less than a
100-pound (45.4 kg) concentrated horizontal load
and a 300-pound (136.2 kg) concentrated vertical
load applied at the point of assumed or most
eccentric loading. The building component to
which the projecting sign is attached shall also be
designed to support the additional loads.

3102.11 Marquee signs: Marquee signs shall
comply with 780 CMR 3102.11.1 through
3102.11.3.

3102.11.1 Materials: Marquee signs shall be
constructed entirely of metal or other approved
noncombustible material except as provided for in
780 CMR 3102.6.4.

3102.11.2 Attachment: Marquee signs shall be
attached to approved marquees that are
constructed in accordance with 780 CMR
3203.11.

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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

3102.11.3 Dimensions'. Marquee signs shall not
project beyond the perimeter of the marquee.

3102.12 Temporary signs: Temporary signs shall
comply with 780 CMR 3102.12.1 through
3102.12.4.

3102.12.1 Banner and cloth signs: Temporary
signs and banners which are attached to or
suspended from a building, and which are
constructed of cloth or other combustible
material, shall be constructed in an approved
manner and shall be securely supported. Such
signs and banners shall be removed as soon as
torn or damaged, and not later than 60 days after
erection. Permits for temporary signs that are
suspended from or attached to a canopy or
marquee shall be limited to a period often days.

3102.12.2 Maximum size: Temporary signs of
combustible construction shall not be more than
10 feet (3048 mm) in one dimension nor more
than 500 square feet (46.5 m 2 ) in area.

3102.123 Supports: Where more than 100 square
feet (9.3 m 2 ) in area, temporary signs and banners
shall be constructed and fastened to supports that
are capable of withstanding the design loads listed
in 780 CMR 1610.0.

3102.12.4 Special permits: Temporary signs used
for holidays, public demonstrations or promotions
of civic welfare or charitable purposes, which
extend across streets or other public spaces shall
be subject to special approval of the authority
having jurisdiction.

3102.13 Diuminated signs: Illuminated signs shall
comply with 780 CMR 3102.13.1 through
3102.13.3.

3102.13.1 Certificates: All electrically
illuminated signs shall be certified as to electric
wiring and devices by the agency having
jurisdiction, and all wiring and accessory
electrical equipment shall conform to the
requirements of 527 CMR 12.00 listed in
Appendix A.

3102.13.2 Additional permits: Electrical permits
shall be issued for the erection or maintenance of
illuminated signs.

3102.133 Relettering signs: The requirements of
780 CMR 3102.13 shall not apply to the
relettering of illuminated signs, except where such
relettering requires a change of wiring or piping
ofthcrigw.

3102.14 Portable signs: Portable signs shall
conform to all requirements for ground, roof,
projecting, flat and temporary signs where such
signs are used in a similar capacity. The
requirements of 780 CMR 3102.14 shall not be

construed to require portable signs to have
connections to surfaces, tie-downs or foundations
where provisions are made by temporary means or
configuration of the structure to provide stability for
the expected duration of the installation.

3102.14.1 Electrical: Portable signs that require
electrical service shall have a positive connecting
device on the sign. Electrical service lines to the
sign shall be protected from damage from all
anticipated traffic.

780 CMR 3103.0 MEMBRANE STRUCTURES

3103.1 General: The provisions of 780 CMR 3 103.0
shall apply to air-supported, air-inflated, membrane-
covered cable and membrane-covextd frame
structures, collectively known as membrane
structures, erected for a period of 90 days or longer.
Those erected for a shorter period of time shall
comply with the applicable provisions of the fire
prevention code, 527 CMR, listed in Appendix A
and 780 CMR 3104.0. Membrane structures
covering water storage facilities, water clarifiers,
water treatment plants, sewage treatment plants and
similar facilities not used for human occupancy, are
required to meet only the requirements of 780 CMR
3103.3.2 and 3103.6.

3103.2 Definitions: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 3103.0 and as
used elsewhere in 780 CMR, have the meanings
shown herein.

Membrane: As it pertains to membrane structures, a
thin, flexible, impervious material capable of
being supported by an air pressure of 1 .5 inches of
water column (373 P).

Membrane structures
Air-inflated structure: A building where the
shape of the structure is maintained by air
pressurization of cells or tubes to form a barrel
vault over the usable area. Occupants of such a
structure do not occupy the pressurized area used
to support the structure.

Air-supported structure: A building wherein the
shape of the structure is attained by air pressure
and occupants of the structure- are within the
elevated pressure area. Air-supported structures
are of two basic types:

Double skin: Similar to a single skin, but with
an attached liner that is separated from the
outer skin and provides an air space which
serves for insulation, acoustic, aesthetic or
similar purposes.

Single skin: Where there is only the single

outer skin and the air pressure is directly

against that skin.

Cable-restrained, air-supported structure: A

structure in which the uplift is resisted by cables

or webbings which are anchored to either

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

SITE WORK, DEMOLITION AND CONSTRUCTION

3307.2 Removal of dust: Dust, sand blasts or other
harmful agents which are used or which occur in
construction operations shall be disposed of at or
near the point of origin to prevent diffusion over
adjoining premises or streets.

3307.3 Protective equipment: Facilities shall be
provided in approved closed containers for housing
the necessary vision, respiratory and protective
equipment required in welding operations, and in
accordance with the regulations of the administrative
authority.

780 CMR 3308.0 PROTECTION OF
ADJOINING PROPERTY

3308.1 General: Adjoining property shall be
completely protected from any damage caused by
the construction of a structure when the owner of the
adjoining property permits free access to the
structure at all reasonable times to provide the
necessary safeguards in accordance with 780 CMR
3310.0.

780 CMR 3309.0 EXISTING BUILDINGS

3309.1 Protection: All adjoining public and private
property shall be protected from damage caused by
construction.

3309.2 Chimney, soil and vent stacks: Wherever a
new building or structure is erected to greater or
lesser heights than an adjoining building, the
construction and extension of new or existing
chimneys shall conform to the provisions of the
mechanical code listed in Appendix A, and the
construction and extension of soil and vent stacks
and the location of window openings shall comply
with the provisions of 248 CMR.

3309.3 Adjoining walls: The owner of the new or
altered structure shall preserve all adjoining
independent and party walls from damage as
provided for herein. The owner shall underpin where
necessary and support the adjoining building or
structure by proper foundations to comply with
780 CMR 3310.0.

33093.1 Maintenance: In case an existing party
wall is intended to be used by the person who
causes an excavation to be made, and such party
wall is in good condition and sufficient for the use
of both the existing and proposed building, such
person shall preserve the party wall from injury
and shall support the party wall by proper
foundations at said person's own expense, so that
the wall is and remains as safe and useful as the
party wall was before the excavation was
commenced. During the demolition, the party wall
shall be maintained weatherproof and structurally
safe by adequate bracing until such time as the
permanent structural supports have been provided.

3309.3.2 Beam holes: Where a structure
involving a party wall is being demolished, the
owner of the demolished structure shall, at bis or
her own expense, bend over all wall anchors at the
beam ends of the standing wall and shall brick up
all open beam holes and otherwise maintain the
safety and usefulness of the wall.

33093.3 Party wall exits: A party wall balcony
or horizontal exit shall not be destroyed unless
and until a substitute means of egress has been
provided and approved.

3309.4 Adjoining roofs: Where a new building or
demolition of an existing building is being
conducted at a greater height, the roof, roof outlets
and roof structures of adjoining buildings shall be
protected against damage with adequate safeguards
by the person doing the work.

780 CMR 3310.0 DEMOLITION AND
EXCAVATION

3310.1 Notice of intent: The person intending to
cause a demolition or an excavation shall deliver
written notice of such intent to the owner of each
potentially affected adjoining lot, building or
structure at least one week prior to the
commencement of work. The notice shall request
license to enter the potentially affected lot, building
or structure prior to the commencement of work and
at reasonable intervals during the work to inspect
and preserve the lot, building or structure from
damage.

3310.2 Protection of adjoining property: If

afforded the necessary license to enter the adjoining
lot, building or structure, the person causing the
demolition or excavation to be made shall at all
times and at his or her own expense preserve and
protect the lot, building or structure from damage or
injury. If the necessary license is not afforded, it
shall be the duty of the owner of the adjoining lot,
building or structure to make safe his or her own
property, for the prosecution of which said owner
shall be granted the necessary license to enter the
premises of the demolition or excavation.

3310.2.1 Removal of debris: All waste materials
shall be removed in a manner which prevents
injury or damage to persons, adjoining properties
and public rights-of-way.

33103 Notice to the code official: If the person
causing a demolition or excavation to be made is not
afforded license to enter an adjoining structure, that
person shall immediately notify in writing both the
code official and the owner of the adjoining property
that the responsibility of providing support to the
adjoining lot building or structure has become the
exclusive responsibility of the owner of the
adjoining property.

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3310.4 Grading of lot: Where a structure has been
demolished or removed and a building permit has
not been approved, the vacant lot shall be filled,
graded and maintained in conformity to the
established elevation of the street grade at curb level
nearest to the point of demolition or excavation.
Provision shall be made to prevent the accumulation
of water or damage to any foundations on the
premises or the adjoining property.

3310.5 Utility connections: All service utility
connections shall be discontinued and capped in
accordance with the approved rules and the
requirements of the authority having jurisdiction.

780 CMR 3311.0 RETAINING WALLS AND
PARTITION FENCES

3311.1 General: Where the adjoining grade is not
higher than the legal level, the person causing an
excavation to be made shall erect, where necessary,
a retaining wall at his or her own expense and on his
or her own land. Such wall shall be built to a height
sufficient to retain the adjoining earth, shall be
properly coped as required in 780 CMR 1825.0 and
shall be provided with a guardrail or fence not less
than 42 inches (1067 mm) in height.

780 CMR 3312.0 STORAGE OF MATERIALS
AND CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

3312.1 General: The term "construction equipment"
shall mean the machinery, tools, derricks, hoists,
scaffolds, platforms, runways, ladders and all
material-handling equipment, safeguards and
protective devices used in construction operations.
The term "runway" shall mean an aisle or walkway
constructed or maintained as a temporary
passageway for pedestrians or vehicles. All
construction materials and equipment required for
the permitted construction shall be stored and placed
so as not to endanger the public, the workers or
adjoining property.

3312.2 Design capacity: Construction materials and
equipment stored within the building, or on
sidewalks or sheds, shall be placed so as not to
overload any part of the construction beyond the
design capacity, nor interfere with the safe
prosecution of the work.

3312.3 Pedestrian walkways: Construction
materials and equipment shall not be stored on the
street without a permit issued by the administrative
authority having jurisdiction. Where so stored, such
materials or equipment shall not unduly interfere
with vehicular traffic or the orderly travel of
pedestrians on the highway or street. The piles shall
be arranged to maintain a safe walkway not less than
four feet (1219 mm) wide, unobstructed for its full
length, and adequately lighted at night and at all
necessary times for the use of the Public.

3312.4 Obstructions: Construction materials and
equipment shall not be placed or stored so as to
obstruct access to fire hydrants, standpipes, fire or
police alarm boxes, utility boxes, catch basins or
manholes, nor shall such material and equipment be
located within 20 feet (6096 mm) of a street
intersection, or placed so as to obstruct normal
observations of traffic signals or to hinder the use of
public transit loading platforms.

780 CMR 3313.0 REMOVAL OF WASTE
MATERIAL

3313.1 General: Material shall not be dropped by
gravity or thrown outside the exterior walls of a
building during demolition or erection. Wood or
metal chutes shall be provided for the removal of
such materials. Where the removal of any material
will cause an excessive amount of dust, such
material shall be wet down to prevent the creation of
a nuisance.

780 CMR 3314.0 STAIRWAYS
3314.1 Temporary stairways: Where a building has
been constructed to a height greater than 50 feet
(15240 mm) or four stories, or where an existing
building exceeding 50 feet (15240 mm) in height is
altered, at least one temporary lighted stairway shall
be provided unless one or more of the permanent
stairways are erected as the construction progresses.

780 CMR 3315.0 LIGHTING
3315.1 General: All stairways and parts of
buildings under demolition, erection or repair shall
be adequately lighted while persons are engaged at
work, in accordance with the provisions of
780 CMR 1024.0 and 527 CMR 12.00.

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
REPAIR, ALTERATION, ADDITION AND CHANGE OF USE OF EXISTING BUILDINGS

3404.8 Means of egress lighting: Means of egress
lighting shall be provided in accordance with
780 CMR 1024.0.

3404.9 Height and Area limitations: The height
and area requirements of 780 CMR 5 shall apply to
existing buildings when such existing buildings are
modified by addition and/or change in use.
Modifications to the height and area requirements as
provided in 780 CMR 504.0 and 506.0 are
permitted.

3404.10 Existing Fire and party walls: No further
compliance is required with 780 CMR 707.0. The
height above the roof of existing fire, party and
exterior walls need not comply with 780 CMR
3404.0

3404.11 Fire Protection Systems: Fire Protection
Systems: Design, installation and maintenance of
fire protection systems shall be provided in
accordance with 780 CMR 3404.3 and 780 CMR

3404.12 as applicable.

3404.12 Fire protection systems are required for
the following cases:

1 . Additions where required by 780 CMR 9.0 for
the specific use group.

2. For existing buildings and additions to existing
buildings, where required by 780 CMR 9 or
where required by 780 CMR 506 to satisfy height
and area requirements.

3. Existing buildings, or portions thereof which
are substantially altered or substantially
renovated, and where otherwise required by
780 CMR 9.0 for the specific use group.

Note: Notwithstanding the provisions of
780 CMR 3404.12, automatic Fire Suppression
systems are required in municipalities which have
adopted the provisions of MGL cl48 § 26G, H or
I (See Official Interpretation Number 45-96 listed
in Appendix B).

3404.13 Enclosure of stairways: Open stairways
are prohibited except in one- and two-family
dwellings or unless otherwise permitted by
780 CMR 10. There shall be no minimum
fireresistance rating required for an existing
enclosure of a stairway. Partitions or other new
construction which is added in order to fully and
solidly enclose a stairway shall provide a minimum
fireresistance rating of one hour. All doors in the
enclosure shall be self-closing and tight-fitting with
approved hardware. All doors in those portions of
the stairway which are fireresistance rated shall
comply to the applicable provisions of 780 CMR 9.

3404.14 Assembly Use Groups: Notwithstanding
the provisions of 780 CMR 3404, Assembly Use
Groups shall comply with the provisions of
780 CMR 3400.3, item 6.

3404.15 Institutional Use Groups: Notwithstanding
the provisions of 780 CMR 3404, Institutional Use
Groups shall comply with the provisions of
780 CMR 3400.3, item 7.

3404.16 Residential Use Groups: Notwithstanding
the provisions of 780 CMR 3404, Residential Use
Groups shall comply with the provisions of
780 CMR 3400.3, item 8.

3404.17 Fire hazard to adjacent buildings: Any

proposed change in the use or occupancy of an
existing building which has the effect of increasing
the fire hazard to adjacent buildings shall comply
with the requirements of Table 705.2 for exterior
wall fire resistance rating requirements, or with
approved compliance alternatives.

3404.18 Accessibility for Persons with
Disabilities: Accessibility requirements shall be in
accordance with 521 CMR as listed in Appendix A.

3404.19 Energy Conservation: Energy
conservation requirements shall be in accordance
with 780 CMR 3407.0.

780 CMR 3405.0 REQUIREMENT FOR
CHANGE IN USE GROUP TO TWO OR
MORE HAZARD INDICES GREATER

3405.1 General: When the existing use group is
changed to a new use group of two or more hazard
indices higher (as provided in Table 3403), the
existing building shall conform to the requirements
of the code for new construction, except as provided
in 780 CMR 3408 or as otherwise allowed in
780 CMR 3407.0.

3405.2 Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities:

Accessibility requirements shall be in accordance
with 521 CMR as listed in Appendix A.

780 CMR 3406.0 COMPLIANCE
ALTERNATIVES

3406.1 General: Where compliance with the
provisions of the code for new construction, required
by 780 CMR 34, is impractical because of
construction difficulties or regulatory conflicts,
compliance alternatives may be accepted by the
building official.

Examples of compliance alternatives which have
been used are provided in Appendix F. The
building official may accept these compliance
alternatives or others proposed.

3406.2 Documentation: In accordance with
780 CMR 3402.1.5, the building official shall ensure
that the BBRS is provided with information
regarding compliance alternatives accepted or
rejected by the building official.

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780 CMR 3407.0 ENERGY PROVISIONS
FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS

3407.1 General: 780 CMR 3407.0 establishes the
energy provisions for existing buildings governed by
780 CMR 3404.0 or 780 CMR 3405.0.

3407.2 Compliance: Alterations to any building
component affecting energy conservation
performance of an existing building shall comply
with:

(a) 780 CMR 3407, Table 3407 (COMPONENT
VALUES FOR ALTERED ELEMENTS) and all
applicable subsections of 780 CMR 13.0, or,

(b) 780 CMR 1314.4 for thermal envelope
requirements and all other applicable
requirements of 780 CMR 13.0, or;

(d) 780 CMR 1315.0 in its entirety, or;

(e) 780 CMR 1315.0 as supplemented by
780 CMR 1316.0

3407.3 Exempt buildings: Refer to 780 CMR

1301.4 for thermally exempt buildings and
780 CMR 1313.1.2 for lighting exemptions.

3407.4 Compliance exceptions

3407.4.1 Fenestration: When alterations to a
wall assembly include only altering the
fenestration component, the areas of fenestration
may be decreased or replaced with an opaque wall
element made to comply with the thermal
transmittance value of the existing wall.

3407.4.2 Ordinary repairs: Ordinary repairs
need not comply with the energy provisions.

3407.43 Roofs: Compliance of the roof/ceiling
assembly is not required unless the existing
roofing material is stripped off the roof deck.
However, if a structural analysis by a registered
professional engineer shows that the roof will not
support the additional live loads imposed by
compliance of the roof/ceiling assembly, or, if
such analysis shows that addition of the required
amount of insulation will cause ponding of water,
then compliance of the roof/ceiling assembly is
not required.

TABLE 3407
COMPONENT VALUES FOR ALTERED ELEMENTS

WALLS

All wall construction containing heated or mechanically cooled space

0.08

6,8

Foundation Walls
Including Band

Containing heated or mechanically cooled space
Containing unheated space

0.08
0.17

Roof/Ceiling Assembly

Wood plank and beam construction containing heated or mechanically
cooled space

0.08

Roof/Ceiling Assembly

Construction other than wood plank and beam containing heated or
mechanically cooled space

0.05

Doors, Skylights and
Windows

All construction enclosing heated or mechanically cooled space

0.65
0.65

2,7
5
6

Floors

Floor sections over area exposed to outside air or unheated areas
Unheated slab on grade
Heated slab on grade

0.08
5.50 (R)
7.75 (R)

Mechanical Equipment

Heating, cooling, sizing and efficiency

780 CMR 1310.0,
1311.0

Equipment Controls

Humidistats, thermostats & zoning

780 CMR 1310.0

Duct and Pipe
Insulation and
Construction

Located in or on buildings

780 CMR 1310.0
1310.0

Electrical Distribution.

780 CMR 1312.0
1312.3

Lighting

780 CMR 1313.0

Note 1. Wood plank and beam assemblies are constructions in which the finished interior surface is the underside of

the roof deck.

Note 2. Double glazing or storm windows will satisfy the required U Value of 0.65.

Note 3. Insulation may be omitted from floors over unheated areas when foundation walls are provided with a U value

of 0.1 7.

Note 4. The U value requirement of 0.17 for foundation walls may be omitted when floors over unheated spaces are

provided with a U value of 0.08.

Note 5. Allowable air infiltration values for windows - .50 cfm/lin. ft. of operable sash crack; residential doors -

(sliding) .50 cfm/sf., (entrance) 1.25 cfm/sf.; commercial doors 1 1 cfm/lin.ft.

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CHAPTER 35

MANUFACTURED BUILDINGS, MANUFACTURED BUILDING COMPONENTS
AND MANUFACTURED HOUSING

(This Chapter is entirely unique to Massachusetts)

780 CMR 3501.0 GENERAL

3501.1 Scope: The provisions of 780 CMR 35 shall
govern the materials, design, manufacture, handling,
storage, transportation, assembly, construction
and/or installation of manufactured buildings and
manufactured building components intended for
installation in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Manufactured buildings or manufactured building
components shall not be installed in any jurisdiction
of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts unless such
manufactured buildings or manufactured building
components have been approved and certified in
accordance with 780 CMR 35, applicable provisions
of 780 CMR and the Rules and Regulations for
Manufactured Buildings, Manufactured Building
Components and Manufactured Housing, 780 CMR
R3, as listed in Appendix A.

3501.2 Manufactured housing: When constructed
in accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations
(CFR) Title 24, Chapter XX - Office of Assistant
Secretary for Housing - Federal Housing
Commissioner, Department of Housing and Urban
Development, Parts 3280, Manufactured home
construction and safety standards, and 3282,
Manufactured home procedural and enforcement
regulations; manufactured housing shall be exempt
from the provisions of 780 CMR 35.

Exceptions:

1. Foundations for manufactured housing shall
conform to 780 CMR 1806 through 1813, or
780 CMR 3604 as applicable;

2. Additions, (when not a manufactured home as
defined herein) and site built modifications shall
conform to 780 CMR in its entirety, as applicable.

780 CMR 35010 DEFINITIONS
3502.1 General: The following words and terms
shall, for the purposes of 780 CMR 35 and as used
elsewhere in 780 CMR shall have the meaning
shown herein.

Approved: Approval by the State Board of Building
Regulations and Standards (BBRS).

Manufactured Building Component: Any

manufactured subsystem, manufactured sub-
assembly, or other manufactured system designed
for use in or part of a structure having concealed
elements such as electrical, mechanical, plumbing
and fire protection systems and other systems
affecting health and safety, including variations

which are submitted as part of the building
systems.

Certification: Any manufactured building,
manufactured building component or
manufactured housing which meets the provisions
of applicable codes and 780 CMR R3 pursuant
thereto, as listed in Appendix A; which has been
labeled accordingly.

Code: 780 CMR (The Commonwealth of
Massachusetts State Building Code) or
specialized codes as defined herein, and as listed
in Appendix A.

Department (DPS): The Department of Public
Safety, Division of Inspections.

Inspection Agency: An independent agency,
sometimes referred to as the "third-party agency",
retained by the manufacturer and approved by the
BBRS to perform inspections and evaluations of
manufactured building systems, compliance
assurance programs, manufactured buildings and
manufactured building components.

Installation: The process of affixing, or assembling
and affixing a manufactured building,
manufactured building component or
manufactured housing unit(s) on the building site,
and connecting it to utilities, and/or to an existing
building. Installation may also mean the
connecting of two or more manufactured housing
units designed and approved to be so connected
for use as a dwelling.

Installer of Manufactured Building: An individual,
who on the basis of training and experience, has
been certified by a specific manufacturer of
manufactured buildings as competent to supervise
the placement and connection required to install
the manufactured products of that manufacturer.
Said certification by the manufacturer shall be in
writing, and the certified installer shall be issued
picture identification by the manufacturer in
verification of his\her certification.

Label: An approved device or seal evidencing
certification in accordance with the applicable
codes and rules and regulations promulgated
pursuant thereto, and as listed in Appendix A.

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Local Enforcement Agency: A department or
agency in a municipality charged with the
enforcement of 780 CMR and appropriate
specialized codes which include, but are not
limited to, 248 CMR (the State Fuel Gas and
Plumbing Code) and 527 CMR 12.00 (the State
Electrical Code), as listed in Appendix A.

Manufactured Building: Any manufactured
building which has concealed elements, such as
electrical, mechanical, plumbing, fire protection,
insulation, and other systems affecting health and
safety, and which is manufactured or assembled in
accordance with 780 CMR and pertinent
regulations, in manufacturing facilities, on or off
the building site. Also, any manufactured
building as defined above which does not have
concealed elements, but which has been approved
by the BBRS at the request of the manufacturer.
"Manufactured building" does not mean
"manufactured home".

Manufactured Homes (Housing): As defined in 24
CFR, Part 3280.2; a structure, transportable in
one or more sections, which in the traveling
mode, is eight body feet or more in width or forty
body feet or more in length, or, when erected on
site, is 320 or more square feet, and which is built
on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as
a dwelling with or without a permanent
foundation when connected to the required
utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating, air-
conditioning, and electrical systems contained
therein. Calculations used to determine the
number of square feet in a structure will be based
on the structure's exterior dimensions measured at
the largest horizontal projections when erected on
site. These dimensions will include all
expandable rooms, cabinets, and other projections
containing interior space, but do not include bay
windows. (See 24 CFR, Part 3280.2 for a more
detailed description of manufactured homes as
defined by the Department of Housing and Urban
Development.)

Specialized Code: All building codes, rules or
regulations pertaining to building construction,
reconstruction, alteration, repair, or demolition
promulgated by and under the authority of the
various agencies which have been authorized
from time to time by the General Court of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The

specialized codes shall include, but are not limited
to, 248 CMR (the State Fuel Gas and Plumbing
Code) and 527 CMR 12.00 (the Electrical Code),
as listed in Appendix A.

780 CMR 3503.0 CONSTRUCTION
DOCUMENTS
3503.1 Building System Plans: The building
system plans shall show in sufficient detail the
approved system to which the manufactured building
or building component was produced; including
foundation connection details, component
connection details, emergency escape window
locations and sizes, structural design loads, the
manufacturer's data plate, the location of all labels
required of 780 CMR 35 and 780 CMR R3, and
other details as may be required by the Division of
Inspection. The building system plan shall bear
evidence of the approval of the Division of
Inspection and evidence of third party engineering

780 CMR 3504.0 APPROVAL

3504.1 General: The Commonwealth of
Massachusetts, Department of Public Safety,
Division of Inspection (hereinafter referred to as the
"Division of Inspection" in 780 CMR 35) shall
evaluate manufactured buildings and building
components and recommend approval to the BBRS
of those which it determines to be in compliance
with applicable sections of 780 CMR 35, other
applicable sections of 780 CMR, and 780 CMR R3,
as listed in Appendix A.

All approvals of plumbing, electrical or gas
systems shall be made by the appropriate state
agencies having jurisdiction, as specified in
780 CMR R3, as listed in Appendix A.

3504.2 Approved tests: The Division of Inspection
may utilize the results of approved tests to determine
whether a manufactured building or manufactured
building component meets the requirements of this
chapter and the 780 CMR R3 as listed in
Appendix A, if that determination cannot be made
from evaluation of plans, specifications and
documentation alone.

3504.3 Approval of compliance assurance
programs: The Division of Inspection shall evaluate
manufacturers' compliance assurance programs and
make recommendations for approval to the BBRS
of those which it determines to be in compliance
with this chapter and 780 CMR R3, listed in
Appendix A.

3504.4 Authorization to vary: A manufactured
building, manufactured building component or a
compliance assurance program heretofore approved
in accordance with 780 CMR 3503.3, shall not be
varied in any way without prior authorization by the
BBRS in accordance with 780 CMR R3, as in
Appendix A.

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Figure 3603. 1.5d

MINIMUM UNIFORM SNOW LOAD MAP

ZONE 4

V/iLUA.'-T5m'

S-4£LfeLlg-i£
&»As»tvi LL5-

List of Towns in Minimum Uniform

Snc w Load Zones Zone 4

Adams

Colrain

Hancock

Monterey

Plainfield

Tolland

;'■.,:.;. Aiford

Conway

Hawley

Montgomery

Tyringham

Ashfield

Cummin gton

Heath

Mount Washington

Richmond

Hinsdale

Rowe

Washington

Becket

Dalton

Huntington

New Ashford

Russell

W. Stockbridge

Blandford

New Marlborough

Westhampton

Buckland

Egremont

Lanesborough

Sandisfield

Williamsburgh

Lee

North Adams

Savoy

Williamstown

Charlcmont

Florida

Lenox

SheflSeld

Windsor

Cheshire

Leyden

Otis

Shelboume

Worthington

Chester

Goshen

Stockbridge

Chesterfield

Granville

Middlefield

Peru

Clarksburg

Great Barrington

Monroe

Pittsfield

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Table 3603.1.6

ALLOWABLE LIVE LOAD DEFLECTION

OF STRUCTURAL MEMBERS

STRUCTURAL MEMBER

ALLOWABLE
DEFLECTION

Rafters having slopes greater than 3 in 12
-no finished ceiling attached to rafters

L/180

Interior walls and partitions

H/180

Floors and veneer plastered ceilings

L/360

Gypsum panel ceilings and all other
structural members

L/240

Notes:

L = Span length; H = Span height

780 CMR 36032

CONSTRUCTION IN AREAS SUBJECT

TO FLOODING

3603.2.1 Flood Resistant Construction:

Construction in areas designated as subject to
flooding on the community Flood Insurance Rate
Map (FIRM) shall be designed and constructed in
accordance with the applicable provisions of
780 CMR 3 107.

780 CMR 36033 FIRERESISTANCE RATING
OF EXTERIOR WALLS

36033.1 Exterior walls: Exterior walls located less
than three feet (0.914m) from property lines shall
have a minimum of one-hour fire-resistive rating.
The fire-resistive rating of exterior walls located less
than three feet (0.914 m) from a property line shall
be rated for exposure from both sides. Projections
beyond the exterior wall shall not extend more than
12 inches (0.305 m) into areas where openings are
prohibited.

360332 Openings: Openings shall not be permitted
in exterior walls of dwellings located less than three
feet (914 mm) from the property line. This distance
shall be measured perpendicular to the vertical plane
of the wall.

780 CMR 3603.4 DWELLING UNIT
SEPARATION

3603.4.1 Two-family dwellings: Dwelling units in
two-family dwellings shall be separated by wall and/
or floor-ceiling assemblies of not less than one-hour
fire-resistive rating when tested in accordance with
ASTM E 119, as listed in Appendix A. Fire-
resistive-rated floor-ceiling and wall assemblies
shall extend to, and be tight against, the exterior wall
and wall assemblies shall extend to the underside of
the roof sheathing.

3603.4.2 Supporting construction: When floor
assemblies are required to be fire-resistive rated by
780 CMR 3603.4.1, the supporting construction of
such assemblies shall have an equal or greater fire-
resistive rating.

3603.43 Sound transmission: Wall and floor-
ceiling assemblies separating dwelling units shall
provide airborne sound insulation for walls and both
airborne and impact sound insulation for floor-
ceiling assemblies.

3603.43.1 Airborne noise: Airborne sound
insulation for wall and floor-ceiling assemblies
shall meet a Sound Transmission Class (STC) of
45 when tested in accordance with ASTM E 90.

3603.43.2 Penetrations: Penetrations or
openings in the assembly for pipes, ventilation or
exhaust ducts shall be sealed, lined, insulated or
otherwise treated to maintain the required ratings.

3603.433 Structural-borne noise: Impact sound
insulation for floor-ceiling assemblies shall meet
an Impact Insulation Class (DC) of 45 when tested
in accordance with ASTM E 492. Floor covering
may be included in the assembly to obtain the
required rating.

780 CMR 3603.5 GARAGE SEPARATION

3603.5.1 Opening protection: Openings from a
private garage directly into a room used for sleeping
purposes shall not be permitted. Other openings
between the garage and dwelling shall be equipped
with either solid wood doors not less than 1% inch
(45 mm) in thickness or 20-minute fire-rated doors.
Self closing devices and fire resistive rated door
frames are not required. All door openings between
the garage and the dwelling shall be provided with a
raised sill with a minimum height of four inches.

3603.5.2 Fire Separation: The garage shall be
separated from the residence and its attic area by
means of minimum 5 /s inch (16 mm) type X gypsum
board applied to the garage side. Wherever the attic
area is continuous between the garage and the
dwelling a firestop of s /e inch (16 mm) type X
gypsum board with a minimum of one coat
compound and tape shall be used to form a barrier to
separate the garage and dwelling.

3603.53 Floor surface: Garage and carport floor
surfaces shall be constructed of concrete or other
approved noncombustible material.- Slab on grade
construction shall be in accordance with the
provisions of 780 CMR 3605.5. The minimum
floor thickness shall be 3 Vi inches. The area of floor
used for parking of automobiles or other vehicles
shall be sloped to facilitate drainage toward the main
vehicle entry/exit doorway.

780 CMR 3603.6 LIGHT, VENTILATION AND

HEATING
3603.6.1 Light required: Every room or space
intended for human occupancy shall be provided
with natural or artificial light.

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Exception 1: Every bathroom and toilet room
shall, as a minimum, be provided with artificial
light.

Exception 2: All interior and exterior stairways
shall be provided with artificial light providing
direct or indirect illumination and capable of
illuminating the entire length of the stairway and
associated landings. The control for activation of
the required interior stairway lighting shall be
accessible at the top and bottom of each stair
without traversing any step of the stair and shall
otherwise be installed in accordance with the
requirements of 527 CMR 12.00, the
Massachusetts State Electrical Code, as listed in
Appendix A. The illumination of exterior stairs
shall be controlled from inside the dwelling unit
unless continuously illuminated or automatically
activated.

3603.6.2 Ventilation required: Every room or
space intended for human occupancy shall be
provided with natural or mechanical ventilation.

Exception: Every bathroom and toilet room shall
be equipped with a mechanical exhaust fan and
associated ductwork with the fan exhausting, as a
minimum, at 50 cfm if operated intermittently or
20 cfm if continuously operated. Such bathroom
exhaust shall vent directly to the outside and no
exhaust vent termination to attics or other interior
portions of the building are allowed.

3603.6.3 Heating required: One and two family
dwellings shall be designed with heating systems
complying with the requirements of 780 CMR
3603.21.

3603.6.4 Natural light

3603.6.4.1 General: Should natural lighting be
chosen as a lighting option, in the application of
the provisions of 780 CMR 3603.0 for habitable
and occupiable rooms, unless otherwise
specifically required by the provisions of
780 CMR 4 for special occupancies, the
requirements of 780 CMR 3603.6.4.2 through
780 CMR 3603.6.4.6 shall apply.

3603.6.4.2 Minimum glazing area: Every room
or space intended for human occupancy shall have
an exterior glazing area of not less than 8% of the
floor area. Vz of the required area of glazing shall
be openable. Glazed openings shall be located
such that they open directly onto a street or public
alley, or a yard or court, or other open space
located on the same lot as the building. Glazed
openings are permitted to face into a roofed porch
where the porch abuts a street, yard or court, or
other open area and the longer side of the porch is
at least 65% open and unobstructed and the

ceiling height of the porch is not less than seven
feet (2134 mm).
Exceptions:

1 . Glazed areas need not be openable where
the opening is not required by 780 CMR
3603.10.4 and an approved mechanical
ventilation system is provided which is capable
of producing 0.35 air change per hour in the
room or a whole-house mechanical ventilation
system is installed capable of supplying
outdoor ventilation air of 15 cubic feet per
minute (cfm) (7.08 L/s) per occupant computed
on the basis of two occupants for the first
bedroom and one occupant for each additional
bedroom.

2. The glazed areas may be omitted in rooms
where the opening is not required by 780 CMR
3603.10.4 and an approved mechanical
ventilation system is provided capable of
producing 0.35 air change per hour in the room
or a whole-house mechanical ventilation
system is installed capable of supplying
outdoor ventilation air of 15 cfm (7.08 L/s) per
occupant computed on the basis of two
occupants for the first bedroom and one
occupant for each additional bedroom, and
artificial light is provided capable of producing
an average illumination of six foot-candles
(6.46 Ix) over the area of the room at a height
of 30 inches (762 mm) above the floor level.

3603.6.43 Adjoining spaces: Where natural light
for rooms or spaces without exterior glazing areas
is provided through an adjoining room, the
unobstructed opening to the adjoining room shall
be at least 8% of the floor area of the interior
room or space, but not less than 25 square feet
(2.33 m ). The exterior glazing area shall be based
on the total floor area being served.

3603.6.4.4 Stairways: See 780 CMR 3603.6.1,
Exception 2

3603.6.4.5 Hallways: Natural light shall be
capable of penetrating the full length of the
hallway.

3603.6.4.6 Bathrooms and toilet rooms: See

780 CMR 3603.6.1, Exception 1.

3603.6.5 Artificial light

3603.6.5.1 General: Artificial light shall be
capable of providing the minimum illumination
considered safe for the specific space application
(an average illumination of six foot candles over
the area of a room at a height of 30 inches above
the floor is typically considered acceptable except
for bathrooms and toilet rooms where three foot-
candles, so measured is typically considered
acceptable).

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3603.6.6 Natural ventilation

3603.6.6.1 General: Natural ventilation of an
occupied space shall be provided by means of
windows, doors, louvers ot other natural openings
to the outdoor air.

3603.6.6.2 Ventilation area required: The

minimum openable area to the outdoors shall be
4% of the floor area being ventilated.

3603.6.6.2.1 Adjoining spaces: Where rooms
and spaces without openings to the outdoors
are ventilated through an adjoining room, the
unobstructed opening to the adjoining room
shall be at least 8% of the floor area of the
interior room or space, but not less than 25
square feet (2.33 m ). The ventilation openings
to the outdoors shall be based on the total floor
area being ventilated.

3603.6.6.2.2 Bathrooms and toilet rooms:
See 780 CMR 3603.6.2, Exception.
3603.6.6.23 Openings below grade:
Openings below grade shall be acceptable for
natural ventilation provided that the outside
horizontal clear space measured perpendicular
to the opening is 1 Vi times the depth below the
average adjoining grade.

3603.6.63 Openings onto yards, courts or open
areas: Natural ventilation shall be provided by
openings onto yards, courts or other open space
on the same lot.

3603.6.7 Mechanical ventilation

3603.6.7.1 General: Mechanical ventilation shall
conform to the requirements of 780 CMR 36 and
otherwise to the requirements of the BOCA
National Mechanical Code listed in Appendix A.

3603.6.8 Ventilation of special spaces

3603.6.8.1 Roof spaces: Enclosed attics and
enclosed rafter spaces formed where ceilings are
applied directly to the underside of roof rafters,
shall have cross ventilation for each separate
space by ventilation openings that are protected
against the entrance of rain and snow. The
openings shall be covered with corrosion-resistant
mesh not less than V* inch (6 mm) nor more than
14 inch (13 mm) in any direction.

3603.6.8.1.1 Ventilating area: The minimum
required net free ventilating area for such roof
spaces shall be V 150 of the area of the space
ventilated, except that the minimum required
area shall be reduced to '^qq, provided that: a
vapor retarder having a permeance not
exceeding one perm is installed on the warm
side of the ceiling; or at least 50% and not
more than 80%, of the required ventilating area
is provided by ventilators located in the upper
portion of the space to be ventilated at least

three feet (914 mm) above eave or cornice
vents, with the balance of the required
ventilation provided by eave or cornice vents.
3603.6.8.2 Basements, cellars and crawl
spaces: All basements, cellars which are not
used as habitable, occupiable space, and crawl
spaces, other than crawl spaces used as an
underfloor plenum, shall be ventilated by
openings in exterior foundation walls, by
openable windows or by approved mechanical
means. Openings or openable windows shall be
located as near as practical to provide cross
ventilation. The openings shall be covered
with corrosion resistant mesh not less than V*
inch (6 mm) nor more than Vi inch (13 mm) in
any direction, except than when openable
windows are used for basement or cellar
ventilation, standard window screens may be
used as the corrosion resistant mesh.
Exception:

1. Basements or cellars used as habitable,
occupiable space (Typically basements and
cellars are not classified as habitable,
occupiable space - see Definitions,
780 CMR 2 and 1202) shall satisfy the
ventilation requirements of 780 CMR
3603.6.6 or 780 CMR 3603.6.7, as
applicable.

2. All basements and cellars containing
solid fuel fired or fossil fired appliances
shall additionally satisfy combustion air
requirements of 780 CMR 361 1.1
3603.6.8.2.1 Opening size: Openings or
openable windows shall have a net area of
not less than one square foot (0.093 m 2 ) for
each 150 square feet (13.95 m 2 ) of
foundation floor area. Where an approved
vapor retarder is installed over the ground
surface, the required net area of openings
shall be reduced to 0.1 square foot (0.093
m 2 ) for each 150 square feet (13.95 m ) and
where vents are provided, they shall have
manually operable louvers.

Exception: Basements and cellars not

used as habitable, occupiable space shall

be provided with a minimum of four

sliding type, or awning type basement

windows for every 1500 square feet of

floor area, or multiples thereof, and shall

be located, as near as practical, to provide

cross ventilation.

3603.6.83 Alternative mechanical

ventilation: Enclosed attics, rafter, basement,

cellar and crawl spaces which are not

ventilated as herein required shall be equipped

with a mechanical ventilation system

conforming to the requirements of the BOCA

National Mechanical Code listed in

Appendix A.

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ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - BUILDING PLANNING

3603.20.3 Louvered windows or jalousies:

Regular, float, wired or patterned glass in jalousies
and louvered windows shall be no thinner than
nominal 3/16 inch (4.76 mm) and no longer than 48
inches (1219 mm). Exposed glass edges shall be
smooth. Wired glass with wire exposed on
longitudinal edges shall not be used in jalousies or
louvered windows.

3603.20.4 Safety glazing:

3603.20.4.1 Human impact loads: Individual
glazed areas, including glass mirrors, in hazardous
locations such as those indicated in 780 CMR
2405.2 shall pass the test requirements of CPSC
16 CFR; 1201 and shall conform to the
requirements ofMG.L. c 143, §§ 3T, 3U and
3V, as applicable, listed in Appendix A. The
requirements of this section and 780 CMR 2405.2
and 2407.0 shall apply equally to replacement
glass and new glass installation. Additional
requirements as specified in 780 CMR 2407.2 are
to be satisfied for glass used in locations where
the hazard is of a continuous nature, such as glass
enclosures for sporting activities as identified in
780 CMR.
Exceptions:

1. Polished wired glass used in required fire
resistance rated assemblies or polished wire
glass used in hazardous locations such as
those indicated in 780 CMR 3603.20.4.2,
items 6,7,8 and 9 shall comply with ANSI
Z97. 1 , listed in Appendix A.

2. Plastic glazing shall meet the weathering
requirements of ANSI Z97.1 listed in
Appendix A.

3. Glass-block walls shall comply with
780 CMR 21 15.0.

3603.20.4.1.1 Identification: Each light of
safety glazing material installed in hazardous
locations as defined in 780 CMR 3603.20.4.2
shall bear a permanent identifying mark issued
by an approved agency which specifies the
marking agency, whether manufacturer or
installer, and the test standard.
Exceptions:

1. Polished wire glass is exempt from a
permanent identifying mark provided that
the distributor or the installer provides an
affidavit certifying that the polished wire
glass complies with ANSI Z9 7.1 listed in
Appendix A,

2. Laminated glass is exempt from a
permanent identifying mark provided that
the distributor or installer provides an
affidavit certifying that the laminated glass
complies with CPSC 16 CFR 1201, listed in
Appendix A.

3603.20.4.2 Specific hazardous locations:

The following shall be considered specific

hazardous locations for the purposes of
glazing:

1 . Glazing in ingress and means of egress
doors except jalousies (see 780 CMR
2402.5).

2. Glazing in fixed and sliding panels of
sliding (patio) door assemblies and panels in
swinging doors.

3. Glazing in storm doors.

4. Glazing in all unframed swinging doors.

5. Glazing in doors and enclosures for hot
tubs, whirlpools, saunas, steam rooms,
bathtubs and showers. Glazing in any
portion of a building wall enclosing these
compartments where the bottom exposed
edge of the glazing is less than 60 inches
(1525 mm) above a standing surface.

6. Glazing in an individual fixed or
operable panel adjacent to a door where the
nearest exposed edge of the glazing is within
a 24-inch (610 mm) arc of either vertical
edge of the door in a closed position and
where the bottom exposed edge of the
glazing is less than 60 inches (1525 mm)
above the walking surface.

7. Glazing in an individual fixed or
operable panel, other than in those locations
described in 780 CMR 3603.20.4.2 items 5.
and 6., which meets all of the following
conditions:

a. Exposed area of an individual pane
greater than nine square feet (0.84 m );

b. Exposed bottom edge less than 18
inches (460 mm) above the floor:

c. Exposed top edge greater than 36
inches (915 mm) above the floor; and

d. One or more walking surface(s) within
36 inches (915 mm) horizontally of the
plane of the glazing.

8. All glazing in guards and railings
regardless of area or height above a walking
surface. Included are structural baluster
panels and nonstructural in-fill panels.

9. Glazing in walls and fences enclosing
indoor and outdoor swimming pools where
the bottom edge of the glazing on the pool
side is less than 60 inches (1525 mm) above
a walking surface and within 36 inches (914
mm) horizontally of a walking surface. This
shall apply to single glazing and all panes in
multiple glazing.

Exception: The following products,
materials and uses shall not be considered
specific hazardous locations:

1. Glazed openings in doors through
which a three-inch (76 mm) sphere is
unable to pass.

2. Assemblies of leaded glass or faceted
glass and items of carved glass used for
decorative purposes in locations described
in 780 CMR 3603.20.4.2, items 1 ., 6. or 7.

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3. Glazing as described in 780 CMR
3603.20.4.2, item 6., where there is an
intervening wall or some other permanent
barrier that will prevent a person
approaching the door from accidentally
striking the glazing.

4. Glazing as described in 780 CMR
3603.20.4.2, item 7., where a protective
bar is installed 34 inches to 38 inches (864
mm to 965 mm) above the floor on the
side of the glazing having access thereto.
The bar shall be capable of withstanding a
horizontal load of 50 pounds per linear
foot (730 N/m) without contacting the
glass and be a minimum of 1 l A inches (38
mm) in height The protective bar may be
an applied bar or an integral part of the
glazed framing dividing an upper lite
from a lower lite.

5. Outboard panes in insulating glass
units and other multiple-glazed panels as
described in 780 CMR 3603.20.4.2, item
7., where the bottom exposed edge of the
glass is 25 feet (7620 mm) or more above
any grade, roof, walking surface or other
horizontal or sloped (within 45 degrees of
horizontal) surface adjacent to the glass
exterior.

6. Louvered windows and jalousies
complying with the requirements of
780 CMR 3603.20.3.

7. Glazing, including mirrors, mounted
or hung on a surface that provides a
continuous backing support.

3603.20.5 Sloped glazing and skylights

Note: Also refer to 780 CMR 2404.0 and 2405.0.

3603.20.5.1 Sloped glazing: Any installation of
glass or other transparent, translucent or opaque
glazing material which is installed at a slope of 1 5
degrees (0.26 rad) or more from the vertical plane
— including skylights, roofs and sloped
walls— shall comply with 780 CMR 3603.20.5.

3603.20.5.2 Allowable glazing materials: Sloped
glazing shall be any of the following materials,
subject to the limitations specified in 780 CMR

3603.20.5.3 and the exceptions specified in
780 CMR 3603.20.5.4:

1 . For monolithic glazing systems, the glazing
material of the single light or layer shall be
laminated glass with a minimum 30-mil (762
um) polyvinyl butyral interlayer, wired glass,
approved plastic materials, heat-strengthened
glass or fully tempered glass.

2. For multiple-layer glazing systems, each
light or layer shall consist of any of the glazing
materials specified in 780 CMR 3603.20.5.2,
item 1.

For additional requirements for plastic skylights,
see 780 CMR 2608.0.

3603.20.53 Limitations: Where used in
monolithic glazing systems, heat-strengthened
glass and fully tempered glass shall have screens
installed below the glazing material, subject to the
exceptions in 780 CMR 3603.20.5.4, to protect
building occupants from falling glass should
breakage occur. The screens shall be capable of
supporting the weight of the glass and shall be
substantially supported below and installed within
four inches (102 mm) of the glass. The screens
shall be constructed of a noncombustible material
not thinner than No. 12 B & S Gage (0.0808 inch)
with a mesh not larger than one inch (25 mm by
25 mm). In a corrosive atmosphere, structurally
equivalent non-corrosive atmosphere, structurally
equivalent non-corrosive screening materials shall
be used. Where used in multiple-layer glazing
systems as the bottom glass layer over the
walking surface, heat-strengthened glass, fully
tempered glass and wired glass shall be equipped
with screening that conforms to the requirements
specified for monolithic glazing systems.

3603.20.5.4 Exceptions: In monolithic and
multiple-layer sloped glazing systems, the
following exceptions apply:

1. Fully tempered glass installed without
protective screens where glazed between
intervening floors at a slope of 30 degrees
(0.52 rad) or less from the vertical plane shall
have the highest point of the glass ten feet
(3048 mm) or less above the walking surface.

2. Screens are not required below any glazing
material, including annealed glass, where the
walking surface below the glazing material is
permanently protected from the risk of falling
glass or the area below the glazing material is
not a walking surface.

3. Any glazing material, including annealed
glass, is permitted to be installed without
screens in the sloped glazing systems of
detached greenhouses, provided that the height
of the greenhouse at the ridge does not exceed
20 feet (6096 mm) above grade. Greenhouse
frames shall be noncombustible if the height of
the sloped glazing exceeds 20 feet (6096 mm)
above grade.

4. Screens shall not be required where fully
tempered glass or laminated glass with a IS
mil polyvinyl butyral interlayer is used as
single glazing or as both panes in an insulating
glass unit, and all of the following conditions
are met:

a. Each pane of glass is 16 square feet (1.5
m ) or less in area;

b. The highest point of the glass is 12 feet
(3658 mm) or less above any walking
surface or other area having access thereto;
and

c. The glass thickness is 3 / 16 inch (5 mm) or
less.

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ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - FOUNDATIONS

FIGURE 36043.1a

CONCRETE AND MASONRY

FOUNDATION DETAILS

(-BEARING WALL
3 1/2" MIN.-

>5S

BASEMENT OR CRAWL SPACE
WITH CONCRETE WALL AND SPREAD
FOOTING

BASEMENT OR CRAWL SPACE WITH
FOUNDATION WALL BEARING
DIRECTLY ON SOL

For SI 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

NOTES:

1 . Exterior footings shall extend to below the frost line unless otherwise protected against frost heave. In no case shall
exterior footings be less than 12 inches below grade.

2. Footing widths (W) shall be based on the load-bearing value of the soil in accordance with Table 3604.1 .4 or shall
be designed in accordance with accepted engineering practice.

3. Spread footings shall be a minimum of six inches thick, and footing projections (P) shall be a minimum two inches
and shall not exceed the footing thickness.

4. Footings shall be supported on undisturbed natural soil or engineered fill.

5. The sill plate or floor system shall be anchored to the foundation with 14-inch-diameter bolts placed six feet on
center and not more than 12 inches from comers. Bolts shall extend a minimum of 15 inches into masonry or eight
inches into concrete. Sill plates shall be protected against decay where required by 780 CMR 3603.22.

6. Pier and column footing sizes shall be based on the tributary load and allowable soil pressure in accordance with
Table 3605.2.3.3b.

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FIGURE 36043.1b
TYPICAL DETAILS FOR WOOD FOUNDATION BASEMENT WALL

FIELD APPLIED 2 BY 6 TOP PLATE
FLASHING

2 BY 6 TOP PLATE

2 BY 6 PRESSURE TREATED WOOD STUD WALL
INSULATED AS APPROPRIATE AND WARM SIDE
VAPOR BARRIER

1" THICK LUMBER OR PLYWOOD STRIP
PROTECTING TOP OF POLYETHYLENE FILM

FINISH GRADE SLOPE V 2 ' PER FOOT
MINIMUM 6' FROM WALL

PLYWOOD (See Table 3604.4.3.3)
6 MIL POLYETHYLENE FILM

6 MIL POLYETHYLENE FILM ON
CRUSHED STONE OR GRAVEL BACKFILL

y OR 4- CONCRETE SLAB WITH OPTIONAL
1- SCREED BOARD AND VAPOR BARRIER

2 BY 6 BOTTOM PLATE PRESSURE TREATED

WOOD
2 BY 8 FOOTING PLATE PRESSURE TREATEC
WOOD

4' GRAVEL OR CRUSHED STONE FILL

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

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ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - FOUNDATIONS

FIGURE 36043.1c
TYPICAL DETAILS FOR WOOD FOUNDATION CRAWL SPACE WALLS

ROOR JOIST

FIELD APPLIED 2 BY 6 TOP PLATE

FLASHING

2 BY 6 TOP PLATE

FINISH GRADE SLOPE V 2 " PER FOOT
MINIMUM 6' FROM WALL

6 MIL POLYETHYLENE FILM
PLYWOOD (See Table 3604.4 J J

2 BY 8 FOOTINO PLATE PRESSURE

TREATED WOOD

4" GRAVEL OR CRUSHED STONE

BELOW FROST LINE

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

TABLE 3604.3.1

MINIMUM WIDTH OF CONCRETE OR

MASONRY FOOTINGS (inches)

LOAD-BEARING VALUE OF SOIL (psf)

1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000

Conventional Wood Frame Construction

1 -story

2-story

3-story

4-inch Brick Veneer over Wood Frame or 8-inch
Hollow Concrete Masonry

1 -story

2-story

3-story

8-inch Solid or Fully Grouted Masonry

1 -story

2-story

3-story

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

TABLE 360433

MINIMUM INSULATION REQUIREMENTS

FOR FROST-PROTECTED FOOTINGS IN

HEATED BUILDINGS

VERTICAL
INSULA-
TION R-

VALUE 2 - 4

HORIZONTAL

INSULATION R-

VALUE 3 ' 5

HORIZONTAL

INSULATION

DIMENSIONS PER

FIGURE 3604.3.3

(inches)

along walls

at comers

4.5

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, °F = 1.8°C + 32

1 . Insulation requirements are for protection against frost
damage in heated buildings. Greater values may be
required to meet energy conservation standards.
Interpolation between values is permissable.

2. Air Freezing Index values based on 1,500 °F days.

3. Insulation materials shall provide the stated minimum
R-values under the long term exposure to moist, below-
ground conditions in freezing climates. The following R-
values shall be used to determine insulation thickness
required for this application: Type II expanded polystyrene -
2.4R per inch; Type IV extruded polystyrene - 4.5R per
inch; Type VI extruded polystyrene - 4.5R per inch; Type
IX expanded polystyrene - 3.2R per inch; Type X extruded
polystyrene - 4.5R per inch. NR indicates that insulation is
not required.

4. Vertical insulation shall be expanded polystyrene
insulation or extruded insulation.

5. Horizontal insulation shall be extruded polystyrene
insulation.

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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

FIGURE 3604.3.3a

INSULATION PLACEMENT FOR FROST-PROTECTED FOOTINGS

IN HEATED BUILDINGS

INSULATION DETAIL

inmmnmm

■ VERTICAL WALL INSULATION'
HORIZONTAL INSULATON'
— NOMINAL 4" THICK GRANULAR BASE

HORIZONTAL INSULATION PLAN

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

1. See table 3604.3.3 for required dimensions and .re-
values for vertical and horizontal insulation.

780 CMR 3604.4 FOUNDATION WALLS
3604.4.1 Concrete and masonry foundation walls:

Foundation walls shall be constructed in accordance
with the provisions of 780 CMR 3604.4 or in
accordance with ACI 318, ACI 318.1, NCMA
TR68-A or ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402 as listed in
Appendix A, or other approved structural systems.

3604.4.1.1 Masonry and concrete wall
construction: Masonry and concrete foundation
walls shall be constructed as in accordance with
Table 3604.4.1.1a.

Exception: Where unstable soil conditions
exist or where the foundation extends to or
below the seasonal high groundwater table,

foundation walls shall be constructed in
accordance with Table 3604.4.1.1b.

3604.4.1.2 Design: Foundation walls subject to
more pressure than would be exerted by backfill
having an equivalent fluid weight of 30 pounds
per cubic foot (141 kN/m 3 ) shall be designed in
accordance with accepted engineering practice by
a registered professional engineer or registered
architect.

3604.4.1.3 Grade Clearance: Foundation walls
shall extend at least eight inches above the
finished grade adjacent to the foundation at all
points.

Exception: Where masonry veneer is used,
foundation walls shall extend a minimum of four
inches (102 mm) above the finished grade.

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ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - FOUNDATIONS

TABLE 3604.4.1.1a

MINIMUM THICKNESS AND ALLOWABLE

DEPTH OF UNBALANCED FILL FOR

UNREINFORCED MASONRY AND

CONCRETE FOUNDATION WALLS W

WHERE UNSTABLE SOIL OR

GROUNDWATER CONDITIONS DO NOT

EXIST

MAXIMUM

FOUNDATION WALL

NOMINAL
THICKNESS

DEPTH OF

CONSTRUCTION

UNBALANCED

(inches)

FILL 1 (feet)

Masonrv of Hollow Units,

Ungrouted

Masonry of Solid Units

Masonry of Hollow or Solid

Units, Fully Grouted

Plain Concrete

6 4

Rubble Stone Masonry

Masonry of hollow units

reinforced vertically,

with No. 4 bars and grout

at 24 inches on center.

Bars located not less

than 4'/i inches from

pressure side of wall.

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm; 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

1 . Unbalanced fill is the difference in height of the
exterior and interior finish ground levels. Where an
interior concrete slab is provided, the unbalanced fill
shall be measured from the exterior finish ground level to
the top of the interior concrete slab.

2. The height between lateral supports shall not exceed
eight feet

3. The actual thickness shall not be more than Vi inch
less than the required nominal thickness specified in the
table.

4. Six-inch plain concrete walls shall be formed on both
sides.

TABLE 3604.4.1.1 b

REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY OR CONCRETE FOUNDATION WALLS SUBJECTED TO

NO MORE PRESSURE THAN WOULD BE EXERTED BY BACKFILL HAVING AN

EQUIVALENT FLUID WEIGHT OF 30 POUNDS PER CUBIC FOOT OR SUBJECTED TO

UNSTABLE SOIL CONDITIONS

HEIGHT OF
UNBALANCED
FILL IN FEET

LENGTH OF

WALL BETWEEN

SUPPORTING

MASONRY OR

CONCRETE
WALLS IN FEET

MINIMUM"

WALL

THICKNESS IN

INCHES 3

REQUIRED REINFORCING

Horizintal Bar in

Upper 12 inches of

wall

Size and Spacing of
Vertical Bars

Hollow Masonry

4 or less

unlimited

not required

more than 4

design required

4 or less

unlimited

noot required

not required

more than 4

lesstha8

2-No. 3 -

No. 3 @ 18" o.c.

Masonry

8 or less

8 to 10

2-No. 4

No. 3 @ 18" o.c.

8 or less

10 to 12

2-No. 5

No. 3 @ 18" o.c.

more than 8

design required

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per cubic foot (pcf) = 0. 1572 kN/m

1 Backfilling shall not be commenced until after the wall is anchored to the floor or adequate bracing is in place.

2. Thickness of concrete walls may be six inches, provided reinforcing is placed not less than one inch or more than
two inches from the face of the wall not against the earth.

3. The actual thickness shall not be more than Vi inch less than the required thickness specified in the table.

4. Solid masonry shall include solid brick or concrete units and hollow masonry units with all cells grouted.

3604.4.1.3.1 Backfill placement: Backfill
adjacent to the wall shall not be placed until
the wall has sufficient strength in accordance

with 780 CMR 3604.2.2 and has been anchored
to the floor, or has been sufficiently braced to
prevent damage by the backfill.

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Exception: Such bracing is not required for
walls retaining less than three feet (914
mm) of unbalanced backfill.

3604.4.2 Design required: Foundation walls subject
to more lateral pressure than would be exerted by
backfill consisting of freely draining sands and
gravel classified as Group I according to the United
States Soil Classification System or soils having an
equivalent fluid weight of greater than 30 pounds per
cubic foot (4.72 kN/m ) shall be designed in
accordance with accepted engineering practices by
a registered professional engineer or registered
architect.

3604.43 Wood foundation walls: Wood foundation
walls shall be constructed in accordance with the
provisions of 780 CMR 3604.4.3.1 through
3604.4.3.5 and with the details shown in Figures
3604.3.1b and 3604.3.1c.

3604.43.1 Wood grade: All load-bearing lumber
and plywood shall conform to applicable
standards or grading rules and be identified by a
grade mark or certificate of inspection issued by
an approved lumber or plywood grading or
inspection bureau or agency. Lumber shall
conform to DOC PS 20-94.

TABLE 3604.433

PLYWOOD GRADE AND THICKNESS FOR

WOOD FOUNDATION CONSTRUCTION

(30 pcf equivalent-fluid weight soil pressure)

HEIGHT

STUD

SPACING

(inches)

FACE GRAIN ACROSS STUDS

FACE GRAIN PARALLEL TO STUDS

OF FILL
(inches)

Grade

Minimum
Thickness

Identification
Index

Grade

Minimum
Thickness '

Identification Index

15/32

32/16

15/32

32/16

15/32 3

32/16

15/32

32/16

15/32 3

32/16

19/32 3 (4,5 ply)

40/20

15/32

32/16

15/32

32/16

15/32 3 (4,5 ply)

32/16

19/32 (4, 5 ply)

40/20

15/32 3

32/16

19/32

40/20

23/32

48/24

15/32

32/16

15/32 3

32/16

19/32 3 (4, 5 ply)

40/20

19/32

40/20

19/32 3

40/20

23/32

48/24

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound per cubic foot = 0.1572 kN/m .

1. Plywood shall be of the following minimum grades in accordance with DOC PS1 or DOC PS2:
(i) DOC PS 1 Plywood grades marked:

a. Structural I C-D (Exposure 1)

b. C-D (Exposure 1)

(ii) DOC PS 2 Plywood grades marked:

a. Structural I Sheathing (Exposure 1)

b. Sheathing (Exposure 1)

(iii) Where a major portion of the wall is exposed above ground and a better appearance is desired, the following
plywood grades marked Exterior are suitable:

a. Structural I A-C, Structural I B-C or Structural I C-C (Plugged) in accordance with DOC PS 1

b. A-C Group 1, B-C Group I, C-C (Plugged) Group 1 or MDO Group 1 in accordance with DOC PS 1

c. Single Floor in accordance with DOC PS 2

2. Minimum thickness 1 5/32 inch, except crawl space sheathing may be % inch for face grain across studs 1 6 inches
on center and maximum two foot depth of unequal fill.

3. For this fill height, thickness and grade combination, panels which are continuous over less stud spacings require
blocking 16 inches above the bottom plate. Offset adjacent blocks and fasten through corrosion-resistant nails at each
end.

3604.43.2 Stud size: The studs used in
foundation walls shall be two by six (51 by
153) members. When spaced 16 inches on
center, a wood species with an F(, value of not
less than 1,250 psi (8612 kPa) as listed in
Table 3605.2.3.1d shall be used. When spaced

12 inches (305 mm) on center, an F b of not less
than 875 (6029 kPa) shall be required.

3604.433 Height of backfill: The height of
backfill against a foundation wall shall not exceed
four feet (1219 mm). When the height of fill is

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ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - FOUNDATIONS

eight-inch (153 mm to 203 mm) layers and
compacted to consolidate the fill.

3604.63.5 Final grading: Finished grades shall
conform to 780 CMR 3604.1.3.

780 CMR 3604.7 FOUNDATION
INSULATION
3604.7.1 Protection of exposed foundation
insulation: Foundation walls and the edges of slab-
on-ground floors with exterior applied insulation
shall have a rigid, opaque and weather-resistant
protective covering to prevent the degradation of
thermal performance. The protective covering shall
cover the exposed insulation and extend to a
minimum of six inches (153 mm) below grade.

780 CMR 3604.8 COLUMNS

3604.8.1 Wood column protection: Wood columns
shall be protected against decay as set forth in
780 CMR 3603.22.

3604.8.2 Steel column protection: All surfaces
(inside and outside) of steel columns shall be given
a shop coat of rust-inhibitive paint, except for
corrosion-resistant steel and steel treated with
coatings to provide corrosion resistance.

3604.8.3 Structural requirements: All columns
shall be restrained to prevent lateral displacement.
Wood columns shall not be less in nominal size than
four inches by four inches (102 mm by 102 mm) and
steel columns shall not be less than three-inch-
diameter (76 mm) standard pipe or approved
equivalent.

780 CMR 3604.9 CRAWL SPACE
3604.9.1 Ventilation: The space between the bottom
of the floor joists and the earth under any building
(except such space as is occupied by a basement or
cellar) shall be provided with a sufficient number of
ventilation openings through foundation walls or
exterior walls. Such ventilation openings shall be
covered with corrosion-resistant wire mesh, the least
dimension shall not exceed Vs inch (3.2 mm). The
minimum net area of ventilation openings shall not
be less than one square foot for each 150 square feet
(0.67 m 2 for each 100 m 2 ) of crawl space area. One
such ventilating opening shall be within three feet
(914 mm) of each corner of the building, and the
ventilation openings shall be positioned to provide
cross ventilation.

Exceptions:

1 . The total area of ventilation openings may be
reduced to 1/1,500 of the under-floor area where
the ground surface is treated with an approved

vapor barrier material and one such ventilation
opening is within three feet (914 mm) of each
corner of said buildings. The vents may have
operable louvers.

2. If design conditions warrants, ventilation
openings may be omitted on one side.

3. Under-floor spaces used as supply plenums
for distribution of heated and cooled air shall
comply with the requirements of 780 CMR 3621
as applicable.

4. Ventilation openings may be omitted when
continuously operated mechanical ventilation is
provided at a rate of 1 .0 cfm for each 50 square feet
( 1.02 L/s for each 10 m 2 ) of crawl space floor area
and ground surface is covered with an approved
vapor barrier material.

3604.9.2 Access: An access crawl hole 1 8 inches by
24 inches (457 mm by 610 mm) shall be provided to
the under-floor space.

3604.93 Removal of debris: The under-floor grade
shall be cleaned of all vegetation and organic
material. All wood forms used for placing concrete
shall be removed before a building is occupied or
used for any purpose.

3604.9.4 Finished grade: The finished grade of
under-floor surface may be located at the bottom of
the footings; however, where there is evidence that
the groundwater table can rise to within six inches
(153 mm) of the finished floor at the building
perimeter or where there is evidence that the surface
water does not readily drain from the building site,
the grade in the under-floor space shall be as high as
the outside finished grade, unless an approved
drainage system is provided.

3604.10 Foundation anchorage: Wall sill plates,
minimum of two-inch by four-inch members, shall
be sized and anchored to foundation walls or piers
and at intermediate intervals as required to resist
wind uplift. Foundation anchorage shall be provided
by the installation of anchor bolts or other approved
anchoring method. Anchor bolts shall be of a
minimum diameter of Vi inch. The bolts shall be
embedded in foundations to a depth of not less than
eight inches (203 mm) of cast-in-place concrete, and
not less than 15 inches (381 mm) in grouted unit
masonry. There shall be a minimum of two anchor
bolts per section of plate and anchor bolts shall be
placed 12 inches (305 mm) from the end of each
section of plate, with intermediate bolts spaced a
maximum of six feet (1829 mm) on center for one-
and two-story buildings and not more than four feet
(1219 mm) on center for buildings over two stories
in height.

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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
NON-TEXT PAGE

500 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR 3605

FLOORS

780 CMR 3605.1 GENERAL

3605.1.1 Application: The provisions of 780 CMR
3605.0 shall control the design and construction of
the floors for all buildings. The use of materials or
methods of construction not specified in 780 CMR
3605.0 accomplishing the purposes intended by
780 CMR 36 and approved by the building official
in accordance with 780 CMR 109 shall be accepted
as complying with 780 CMR 36.

3605.1.2 Requirements: Floor construction shall be
capable of supporting all loads imposed according
to 780 CMR 3603.1 and transmitting the resulting
loads to other supporting elements.

780 CMR 36052 FLOOR FRAMING

3605.2.1 General: Load-bearing dimension lumber
for joists, beams and girders shall conform to DOC
PS 20, as listed in Appendix A, and to other
applicable standards or grading rules and shall be so
identified by a grade mark or certificate of
inspection issued by an approved agency. The grade
mark or certificate shall provide adequate
information to determine Fb, the allowable stress in
bending, and E, the modulus of elasticity.

Exception: Use of Native Lumber shall be
allowed in accordance with 780 CMR 2303. 0.

3605.2.1.1 Preservative-treated lumber:

Preservative-treated dimension lumber shall also
be identified by the quality mark of an approved
agency.

3605.2.1.2 Blocking and subflooring: Blocking
shall be a minimum of Utility grade lumber.
Subflooring may be a minimum of Utility Grade
lumber or No. 4 Common grade boards.

3605.2.1.3 End jointed lumber: Approved end-
jointed lumber may be used interchangeably with
solid-sawn members of the same species and
grade.

3605.2.2 Design and construction: Floors of wood
construction shall be designed and constructed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR 3605.2
and Figure 3605. 2. 2.

3605.2.3 Allowable spans: Joists, girders and floor
sheathing shall comply with 780 CMR 3605.2.3.1
through 3605.2.3.3 and 780 CMR 3605.3.

3605.23.1 Allowable joist spans: The clear span
of floor joists shall not exceed the values set forth
in Tables 3605.2.3.1a, 3605.2.3.1b and
3605.2.3.1c. The modulus of elasticity, E, and the

actual stress in bending, F b , shown in the tables
shall not exceed the values specified in Tables
3605.2.3.U and 3605.2.3.1e listed at the end of
780 CMR 3605.2. The values for F b , specified as
"repetitive member use" may be used when floor
joists are spaced not more than 24 inches (610
mm) on center.

3605.2.3.2 Joists under bearing partitions:

Joists under parallel bearing partitions shall be
doubled or a beam of adequate size to support the
load shall be provided. Double joists which are
separated to permit the installation of piping or
vents shall be provided with solid blocking spaced
not more than four feet (1219 mm) on center.

3605.2.3.3 Allowable girder spans: The

allowable spans of girders shall not exceed the
values set forth in Tables 3605.2.3.3a and
3605.2.3.3b

3605.2.4 Bearing: The ends of all joists, beams or
girders shall have not less than IVi inches (38 mm)
of bearing on wood or metal and not less than three
inches (76 mm) on masonry except where supported
on a one-inch-by-four-inch (25 mm by 102 mm)
ribbon strip and nailed to the adjacent stud or shall
be supported by the use of approved joist hangers.

3605.2.4.1 Floor systems: Joists that are framed
from opposite sides and extend over a bearing
support shall be tied together by lapping the ends
of each joist a minimum of three inches (76 mm),
or with a wood or metal splice plate, or shall be
secured by overlapping the floor sheathing at
least three inches (76 mm) beyond the end of
each floor joist, or by other approved methods.

3605.2.4.2 Joist framing: Joists framing into the
side of a wood girder shall be supported by
approved framing anchors or on ledger strips
measuring not less than nominal two inches by
two inches (5 1 mm by 5 1 mm).

3605.2.5 Lateral restraint at supports: Joists shall
be supported laterally at the ends by full-depth solid
blocking not less than two inch (51 mm) nominal
thickness; or by attachment to a header, band or rim
joist, or to an adjoining stud; or shall be otherwise
provided with lateral support to prevent rotation.
Such lateral support is not required over
intermediate supports such as center girders or
bearing walls.

3605.2.5.1 Bridging: Joists having a depth-to-
thickness ratio exceeding 6: 1 based on nominal

9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition

501

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

dimensions shall be supported laterally by solid
blocking, diagonal bridging (wood or metal), or a
continuous one-inch-by-three-inch (25 mm by 76
mm) strip set perpendicularly across the bottom
of joists and appropriately nailed. Bridging shall
be installed at intervals not exceeding eight feet
(2438 mm).

Exception: Cantilevered joists shall be laterally
braced at points of support

3605.2.6 Cutting and notching: It shall be unlawful
to notch, cut or pierce wood beams, joists, rafters or
studs in excess of the limitations specified in
780 CMR 3605.2.6, unless proven safe by structural
analysis or suitably reinforced to transmit all
calculated loads.

3605.2.6.1 Drilling and notches: Notches in the
top or bottom of joists shall not exceed one-sixth
of the depth of the joist, shall not be longer than
one-third the depth of the member and shall not
be located in the middle third of the span. Notch
depth at the ends of the member shall not exceed
one-fourth the joist depth.

Exceptions:

1. A notch over the support is permitted to
extend the full width of the support

2. Notches on cantilevered portions of the
member are permitted to extend the full
length of the cantilever if the strength and
deflection of the cantilever is calculated based
on the reduced member section.

3. The tension side of beams, joists and
rafters which are four inches or greater in
nominal thickness, shall not be notched,
except at ends of members.

3605.2.7 Holes: Holes drilled, bored or cut into
joists shall not be closer than two inches (5 1 mm) to
the top or bottom of the joists, or to any other hole
located in the joist Where the joist is notched, the
hole shall not be closer than two inches to the
notch. The diameter of the hole shall not exceed
one-third the depth of the joist.

3605.2.8 Fastening: Floor framing shall be nailed in
accordance with Table 3606.2.3a. Where posts and
beam or girder construction is used to support floor
framing, positive connections shall be provided to
ensure against uplift and lateral displacement.

502

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - FLOORS

FIGURE 3605.2.2
FLOOR CONSTRUCTION

BOTTOM
WALL PLATE

SUBFLOOR OR

IS-?. I FLOOR SHEATHING

/\ I SEE 780 CMR 360

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

503

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

TABLE 3605.2.3.1a

ALLOWABLE SPANS FOR FLOOR JOISTS

40 Lbs. per Sq. Ft. Live Load

(All rooms except those used for sleeping areas and attic floors.)
DESIGN CRITERIA:
Strength- Live load of 40 lbs. per sq. ft. plus dead load of 10 lbs. per sq. ft. determines the fiber stress value

shown.
Deflection-For 40 lbs. per sq. ft. live load. Limited to span in inches divided by 360.
HOW TO USE TABLES: Enter table with span of joists (upper figure in each square). Determine size and
spacing (first column) based on stress grade (lower figure in each square) and modulus of elasticity (top row)
of lumber to be used.

Joist Size
and Spacing

MODULUS OF ELASTICITY, "E," IN 1,000,000 PSI

inches! inchesi 0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9 i 1.0 1 1.1 1 1.2 1 1.3 1 1.4 I 1.5 ! 1.6 1 17 ! 1.8 ! 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.2 1 2.4

I 6-9
12.0

| 450

7-3
520

7-9
590

8-2
660

8-6
720

8-10
780

9-2
830

9-6
890

9-9
940

10-0
990

10-3
1,040

10-6
1,090

10-9
1,140

10-11
1,190

11-2
1330

11-4
1380

11-7

1320

11-11
1,410

12-3
1,490

2X6

16.0

6-2

500

6-7
580

7-0
650

7-5
720

7-9
790

8-0
860

8-4
920

8-7
980

8-10
1,040

9-1
1,090

9-4
1,150

9-6

1300

9-9
1350

9-11
1,310

10-2
1,360

10-4
1,410

10-6
1,460

10-10
1,550

11-2
1,640

24.0

5-4

570

5-9
660

6-2

750

6-6
830

6-9
900

7-0
980

7-3
1,050

7-6
1,120

7-9
1,190

7-11
1,250

8-2
1,310

84
1380

8-6
1,440

8-8
1300

8-10
1350

9-0
1,610

9-2
1,670

9-6
1,780

9-9
1,880

12.0

8-11

450

9-7
520

10-2
590

10-9

660

11-3
720

11-8
780

12-1
830

12-6
890

12-10
940

13-2
990

13-6
1,040

13-10
1,090

14-2
1,140

14-5
1,190

14-8
1330

15-0
1380

15-3
1,320

15-9 16-2
1,410 1,490

2X8

16.0

8-1

500

8-9
580

9-3
650

9-9

720

10-2
790

10-7
850

11-0
920

11-4
980

11-8
1,040

12-0
1,090

12-3
1,150

12-7
1300

12-10 13-1
1,250 j 1,310

13-4
1,360

13-7
1,410

13-10
1,460

14-3
1,550

14-8
1,640

24.0

7-1
570

7-7
660

8-1

750

8-6
830

8-11
900

9-3
980

9-7
1,050

9-11
1,120

10-2
1,190

10-6
1,250

10-9
1,310

11-0
1380

11-3 1 11-5
1,440 1 1,500

11-8
1,550

11-11
1,610

12-1
1,670

12-6
1,780

12-10
1,880

12.0

11-4
450

12-3
520

13-0
590

13-8
660

14-4
720

14-11
780

15-5
830

15-11
890

16-5
940

16-10
990

17-3
1,040

17-8
1,090

18-0
1,140

18-5
1,190

18-9
1330

19-1
1380

19-5
1320

20-1
1,410

20-8
1,490

2X10

16.0

10-4
500

11-1
580

11-10
650

12-5
720

13-0
790

13-6
850

14-0
920

14-6
980

14-11
1,040

15-3
1,090

15-8
1,150

16-0
1300

16-5
1350

16-9
1310

17-0
1,360

174
1,410

17-8
1,460

18-3
1,550

18-9

1,640

24.0

9-0
570

9-9
660

10-4
750

10-10
830

11-4
900

11-10
980

12-3
1,050

12-8
1,120

13-0
1,190

13-4
1,250

13-8
1,310

14-0
1,380

14-4

1,440

14-7
1,500

14-11
1350

15-2
1,610

15-5
1,670

15-11
1,780

16-5
1,880

12.0

13-10
450

14-11
520

15-10
590

16-8
660

17-5
720

18-1
780

18-9 J 19-4
830 890

19-1 1 20-6

940 1 990

21-0
1,040

21-6
1,090

21-11
1,140

22-5 122-10

1,190 1330

23-3 j 23-7
1380 1320

24-5
1,410

25-1
1,490

2X12

16.0

12-7
500

13-6
580

14-4
650

15-2
720

15-10
790

16-5
860

17-0 17-7
920 980

18-1

1,040

18-7
1,090

19-1
1,150

19-6
1300

19-11
1350

20-4
1,310

20-9
1360

21-1
1,410

21-6
1,460

22-2
1,550

22-10
1,640

24.0

11-10
570

11-10
660

12-7
750

13-3
830

13-10
900

14-4
980

14-1 1| 15-4
1,050 1,120

15-10
1,190

16-3
1,250

16-8
1310

17-0
1380

17-5
1,440

17-9
1,500

18-1

1,550

18-5
1,610

18-9
1,670

194
1,780

19-11
1,880

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kN/m 2 .
NOTE: The extreme fiber stress in bending, "F to " in pounds per square inch is shown below each span.

504

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - FLOORS

TABLE 3605.2.3. Id
DESIGN VALUES FOR DIMENSION LUMBER - VISUAL GRADING

These "F t " values are for use where three or more repetitive members are spaced not more than 24 inches apart For
wider spacing or for single or double member headers or beams, the "F b " values should be reduced 13%. Values for
surfaced dry or surfaced green lumber apply at 19% maximum moisture content in use.

SPECIES AND GRADE

SIZE

NORMAL
DURATION

DESIGN VALUE
IN BENDING "JT."

MODULUS
OF ELASTICITY

"E"

GRADING

RULES
AGENCY

Snow Loading 1 7-Day Loading

ASPEN.

Select Structural

2"x4"

1,510

1,735

1,885

1,100,000

Northeastern

Lumber
Manufacturers
Association

Northern
Softwood
Lumber
Bureau

Western

Wood

Products

Association

(See Footnotes
land 2)

No. 1

1,080

1,240

1,350

1,100,000

No. 2

1,035

1,190

1.295

1,000,000

No. 3

605

695

755

900,000

Stud

600

690

750

900.000

Construction

805

925

1,005

900,000

Standard

430

495

540

900,000

Utility

200

230

250

800,000

Select Structural

2"x 6"

1,310

1,505

1,635

1,100,000

No. 1

935

1,075

1,170

1,100,000

No. 2

895

1,030

1,120

1,000,000

No. 3

525

600

655

900,000

Stud

545

630

685

900,000

Select Structural

2"x8"

1,210

1,390

1,510

1,100,000

No. 1

865

990

1,080

1,100,000

No. 2

830

950

1,035

1,000,000

No. 3

485

555

605

900,000

Select Structural

2"x 10"

1,105

1,275

1,385

1,100,000

No. 1

790

910

990

1,100,000

No. 2

760

875

950

1,000,000

No. 3

445

510

555

900,000

Select Structural

2"xl2"

1,005

1,155

1,260

1,100.000

No. 1

720

825

900

1,100,000

No. 2

690

795

865

1,000,000

No. 3

405

465

505

900,000

BEECH - BIRCH- HICKORY r

Select Structural

2" x 4"

2,500

2,875

3,125

1,700,000

Northeastern

Lumber

Manufacturers

Association

(See Footnotes
land 2)

No. 1

1,810

2,085

2,265

1,600,000

No. 2

1,725

1,985

2,155

1,500,000

No. 3

990

1,140

1,240

1,300,000

Stud

980

1,125

1,225

1,300,000

Construction

1,325

1,520

1,655

1,400,000

Standard

750

860

935

1,300,000

Utility

345

395

430

1 .200.000

Select Structural

2"x6"

2,170

2,495

2.710

1,700,000

No. 1

1,570

1,805

1.960

1,600,000

No. 2

1,495

1,720

1,870

1,500,000

No. 3

860

990

1.075

1,300,000

Stud

890

1.025

1,115

1300,000

Select Structural

2"x8"

2,000

2,300

2,500

1,700,000

No. 1

1,450

1,665

1,810

1,600,000

No. 2

1,380

1,585

1,725

1,500,000

No. 3

795

915

990

1,300.000

Select Structural

2"x 10"

1,835

2,110

2,295

1,700,000

No. 1

1,330

1,525

1.660

1,600,000

No. 2

1,265

1,455

1,580

1,500.000

No. 3

725

835

910

1.300.000

Select Structural

2" x 12"

1,670

1,920

2,085

1,700,000

No. 1

U10

1,390

1.510

1,600,000

No. 2

1,150

1,325

1.440

1,500.000

No. 3

660

760

825

1,300.000

2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

507

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

TABLE 3605.23.1d - continued
DESIGN VALUES FOR DIMENSION LUMBER - VISUAL GRADING

SPECIES AND GRADE

SIZE

NORMAL
DURATION

DESIGN VALUE
IN BENDING "Fb"

MODULUS
OF ELASTICITY

"E"

GRADING

RULES
AGENCY

Snow Loading ] 7-Day Loading

COTTONWOOD

Select Structural

2" x 4"

1,510

1,735

1,885

1,200,000

Northern
Softwood
Lumber
Bureau

(See Footnotes
I and 2)

No. 1

1,080

1,240

1,350

1,200,000

No. 2

1,080

1,240

1,350

1,100,000

No. 3

605

695

755

1.100,000

Stud

600

690

750

1,000,000

Construction

805

925

1,005

1.000,000

Standard

460

530

575

900,000

Utilitv

200

230

250

900,000

Select Structural

2"x 6"

1 310

1,505

1,635

1,200,000

No. 1

935

1,075

1,170

1,200,000

No. 2

935

1,075

1,170

1,100.000

No. 3

525

600

655

1.000.000

Stud

545

630

685

1,000.000

Select Structural

2" x 8"

1.210

1.390

1.510

1,200.000

No. 1

865

990

1,080

1.200.000

No. 2

865

990

1.080

1,100,000

No. 3

485

555

605

1.000,000

Select Structural

2"x 10"

1.105

1.275

1,385

1,200,000

No. 1

790

910

1 ,200.000

No. 2

790

910

990

1,100,000

No. 3

445

510

555

1,000,000

Select Structural

2" x 12"

1.005

1.155

1.260

1.200,000

No. 1

720

825

900

1.200,000

No. 2

720

825

900

1,100.000

No. 3

405

465

505

1,000.000

DOUGLAS FIR - LARCH

Select Structural

2" x 4"

2,500

2.875

3,125

1.900.000

West Coast

Lumber

Inspection

Bureau

Western Wood

Products

Association

(See Footnotes 1
and 2)

No. 1 & Bo-

1,985

2,280

2,480

1,800.000

no. 1

1,725

1.985

2,155

1,700.000

No. 2

1.510

1,735

1,885

1,600,000

No. 3

865

990

1.080

1,400,000

Stud

855

980

1,065

1,400,000

Construction

1,150

1,325

1,440

1,500,000

Standard

635

725

790

1,400,000

Utility

315

365

395

1,300,000

Select Structural

2"x 6"

2,170

2,495

2,710

1,900,000

No. 1 & Bo-

1,720

1,975

2.150

1,800.000

No. 1

1.495

1,720

1,870

1,700,000

No. 2

1.310

1,505

1,635

1,600,000

No. 3

750

860

935

1,400,000

Stud

775

895

970

1,400.000

Select Structural

2" x 8"

2.000

2,300

2,500

1.900,000 "

No. & Bc-

1.585

1,825

1,985

1,800,000

No. 1

1.380

1.585

1.725

1,700,000

No. 2

1,210

1.390

1.510

1,600,000

No. 3

690

795

865

1,400,000

508

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - FLOORS

TABLE 3605.2J.ld - continued
DESIGN VALUES FOR DIMENSION LUMBER - VISUAL GRADING

SPECIES AND GRADE

SIZE

NORMAL
DURATION

DESIGN VALUE
IN BENDING "Ft"

MODULUS
OF ELASTICITY

-E"

GRADING
RULES
AGENCY

Snow Loading

7-Day Loading

Select Structural

2" x 10"

1,835

2,110

2,295

1,900,000

No. 1 & Bo-

1,455

1,675

1,820

1,800,000

No. 1

1,265

1,455

1,580

1,700,000

No. 2

1,105

1,275

1,385

1,600,000

No. 3

635

725

790

1,400,000

Select Structural

2' x 12"

1,670

1,920

2.085

1,900.000

No.l&Btr

1,325

1,520

1,655

1,800,000

No.l

1,150

1,325

1,440

1,700,000

No.2

1,005

1,155

1,260

1,600,000

No.3

575

660

720

1.400,000

DOUGLAS FIR - LARCH (NORTH)

Select Structural

2" x 4"

2,245

2,580

2.805

1,900.000

National
Lumber
Grades

Authority

(See Footnotes
1 and 2)

No. l/No.2

1.425

1.635

1.780

1.600.000

No.3

820

940

1,025

1.400.000

Stud

820

945

1.030

1,400.000

Construction

1.095

1.255

1,365

1.500.000

Standard

605

695

755

1.400.000

Utility

290

330

360

1,300,000

Select Structural

2"x 6"

1,945

2.235

2,430

1.900,000

No. l/No.2

1.235

1.420

1,540

1,600.000

No.3

710

815

890

1,400.000

Stud

750

860

935

1.400,000

Select Structural

2" x 8"

1.795

2,065

2.245

1.900.000

No. l/No.2

1,140

1.310

1,425

1.600.000

No.3

655

755

820

1.400,000

Select Structural

2"x 10"

1.645

1.890

2,055

1.900.000

No. 1/ No.2

1,045

1,200

1,305

1,600.000

No.3

600

690

750

1.400.000

Select Structural

2" x 12"

1.495

1,720

1,870

1.900.000

No. l/No.2

950

1,090

1,185

1.600.000

No.3

545

630

685

1.400.000

nmifiT.AS FIR -SOUTH

Select Structural

2" x 4"

2,245

2.580

2,805

1.400.000

Western

WoodProducts

Association

(See footnotes 1
and 2)

No.l

1,555

1,785

1,940

1,300,000

No.2

1.425

1.635

1,780

1,200,000

No.3

820

940

1.025

1.100.000

Stud

820

945

1,030

1.100,000

Construction

1.065

1.225

1,330

1.200,000

Standard

605

695

755

1,100.000

Utility

290

330

360

1.000.000 -

Select Structural

2" x 6"

1.945

2.235

2.430

1,400.000

No. 1

1.345

1.545

1.680

1.300.000

No.2

1,235

1,420

1.540

1.200.000

No.3

710

815

890

1.100.000

Stud

750

860

935

1,100,000

Select Structural

2" x 8"

1.795

2.065

2.245

1.400.000

No. 1

1.240

1.430

1,555

1,300,000

No.2

1.140

1.310

1.425

1.200.000

No. 3

655

755

820

1.100.000

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

508.1

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

TABLE 3605.23.1d - continued
DESIGN VALUES FOR DIMENSION LUMBER - VISUAL GRADING

SPECIES AND GRADE

SIZE

NORMAL
DURATION

DESIGN VALUE
IN BENDING "Ft"

MODULUS

OF ELASTICITY

"E"

GRADING
RULES
AGENCY

Snow Loading

7-Day Loading

Select Structural

2"xl0"

1.645

1.890

2.055

1.400,000

No. 1

1.140

1.310

1.425

1.300,000

No. 2

1,045

1.200

1.305

1,200.000

No. 3

600

690

750

1.100,000

Select Structural

2" x 12"

1.495

1.720

1,870

1.400,000

No. 1

1035

1,190

1.295

1.300,000

No. 2

950

1,090

1,185

1.200,000

No. 3

545

630

685

1.100.000

EASTERN SOFTWOODS

Select Structural

2" x 4"

2.155

2.480

2.695

1,200.000

Northeastern

Lumber

Manufacturers

Association

Northern
Softwood
Lumber
Bureau

(See Footnotes
land 2)

No. 1

1.335

1.535

1.670

1,100.000

No. 2

990

1.140

1.240

1.100.000

No. 3

605

695

755

900,000

Stud

570

655

710

900.000

Construction

775

895

970

1,000,000

Standard

430

495

540

900.000

Utilitv

200

230

250

800.000

Select Structural

2"x 6"

1.870

2.150

2.335

1.200.000

No. 1

1.160

1.330

1,450

1,100,000

No. 2

860

990

1.075

1,100,000

No. 3

525

600

655

900,000

Stud

520

595

645

900,000

Select Structural

2" x 8"

1.725

1,985

2,155

1.200,000

No. 1

1.070

1.230

1,335

1,100,000

No. 2

795

915

990

1.100,000

No. 3

485

555

605

900.000

Select Structural

2"x 10"

1.580

1,820

1,975

1,200.000

No. 1

980

1,125

1.225

1.100,000

No. 2

725

835

910

1,100,000

No. 3

445

510

555

900,000

Select Structural

2" x 12"

1,440

1,655

1,795

1.200.000

No. 1

890

1,025

1,115

1,100.000

No. 2

660

760

825

1.100,000

No. 3

405

465

505

900,000

508.2

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - FLOORS

TABLE 3605.23.1d - continued
DESIGN VALUES FOR DIMENSION LUMBER - VISUAL GRADING

SPECIES AND GRADE

SIZE

NORMAL
DURATION

DESIGN VALUE
IN BENDING "F»"

MODULUS
OF ELASTICITY

«E"

GRADING
RULES
AGENCY

Snow Loading 1 7-Day Loading

EASTERN WHITE PINE

Select Structural

2" x 4"

2.155

2.480

2,695

1,200,000

Northeastern

Lumber

Manufacturers

Association

Northern
Softwood
Lumber
Bureau

(See Footnotes
land 2)

No. 1

1,335

1,535

1,670

1.100,000

No. 2

990

1,140

1.240

1,100.000

No. 3

605

695

755

900.000

Stud

570

655

710

900,000

Construction

775

895

970

1.000,000

Standard

430

495

540

900.000

Utility

200

230

250

800,000

Select Structural

2" x 6"

1.870

2.150

2,335

1 .200.000

No. 1

1.160

1,330

1.450

1.100.000

No. 2

860

990

1,075

1,100,000

No. 3

525

600

655

900,000

Stud

520

595

645

900.000

Select Structural

2" x 8"

1,725

1,985

2,155

1,200,000

No. 1

1.070

1.230

1,335

1,100,000

No. 2

795

915

990

1.100.000

No. 3

485

555

605

900.000

Select Structural

2"xl0"

1,580

1,820

1,975

1.200,000

No. 1

980

1.125

1.225

1.100.000

No. 2

725

835

910

1,100,000

No. 3

445

510

555

900,000

Select Structural

2" x 12"

1,440

1.655

1.795

1 .200.000

No. 1

890

1.025

1.115

1.100,000

No. 2

660

760

825

1.100,000

No. 3

405

465

505

900,000

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

509

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

TABLE 3605.23.1d - continued
DESIGN VALUES FOR DIMENSION LUMBER - VISUAL GRADING

SPECIES AND GRADE

SIZE

NORMAL
DURATION

DESIGN VALUE
IN BENDING u Fb"

MODULUS
OF ELASTICITY

"E"

GRADING

RULES
AGENCY

Snow Loading 1 7-Day Loading

EASTERN HEMLOCK - TAMARACK

Select Structural

2"x4"

2.155

2.480

2.695

1.200.000

Northeastern

Lumber

Manufacturers

Association

Northern

Softwood

Lumber Bureau

(See Footnotes 1
and 2)

No. 1

1.335

1.535

1,670

1.100,000

No. 2

990

1.140

1,240

1,100,000

No. 3

605

695

755

900,000

Stud

570

655

710

900.000

Construction

775

895

970

1.000.000

Standard

430

495

540

900.000

Utility

200

230

250

800,000

Select Steuctural

2"x6"

1.870

2,150

2.335

1.200.000

No. 1

1.160

1.330

1.450

1,100.000

No. 2

860

990

1.075

1.100.000

No. 3

525

600

655

900,000

Stud

520

595

645

900,000

Select Structural

2" x 8"

1,725

1,985

2.155

1,200.000

No. 1

1.070

1.230

1.335

1.100.000

No. 2

795

915

990

1,100.000

No. 3

485

555

605

900.000

Select Structural

2" x 10"

1.580

1,820

1.975

1,200,000

No. 1

980

1.125

1,225

1.100,000

No. 2

725

835

910

1.100.000

No. 3

445

510

555

900.000

Select Structural

2" x 12"

1.440

1,655

1795

1.200.000

No. 1

890

1.025

1115

1.100.000

No. 2

660

760

825

1,100,000

No. 4

405

465

505

900.000

HEM -FIR

Select Structural

2"x4"

2.415

2.775

3.020

1.600.000

No. 1 & Btr

1,810

2.085

2.265

1,500.000

No. 1

1.640

1.885

2.050

1.500,000

No. 2

1.465

1,685

1.835

1,300,000

510

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - FLOORS

TABLE 3605.2.3. Id - continued
DESIGN VALUES FOR DIMENSION LUMBER - VISUAL GRADING

SPECIES AND GRADE

SIZE

NORMAL
DURATION

DESIGN VALUE
IN BENDING "fj"

MODULUS
OF ELASTICITY

-E"

GRADING

RULES
AGENCY

Snow Loading

7-Day Loading

Select Structural

2" x 8"

1.725

1.985

2.155

1,500.000

National
Lumber
Grades

Authority

(See Footnotes
land 2)

No. 1/No. 2

1.210

1,390

1,510

1,400,000

No. 3

690

795

865

1,200.000

Select Structural

2"x 10"

1,580

1.820

1.975

1.500.000

No. 1/ No. 2

1,105

1.275

1,385

1,400,000

No. 3

635

725

790

1 .200.000

Select Structural

2" x 12"

1,440

1,655

1.795

1,500.000

No. 1/ No. 2

1,005

1,155

1.260

1.400,000

No. 3

575

660

720

1.200,000

No 3. open grain

540

620

670

900,000

SPRUCE -PINE - FIR (SOUTH)

Select Structural

2" x 4"

2.245

2.580

2,805

1,300,000

Northeastern

Lumber

Manufacturers

Association

Northern
Softwood
Lumber
Bureau

West Coast
Lumber

Inspection
Bureau

Western
Woods
Products

Association

(See Footnotes
1 and 2)

No. 1

1.465

1.685

1.835

1,200,000

No. 2

1.295

1,490

1,615

1.100,000

No. 3

735

845

915

1,000,000

Stud

725

835

910

1,000,000

Construction

980

1.125

1,220

1,000.000

^tmiHarrl

545

630

685

900,000

Utility

260

300

335

900,000

Select Structural

2"x6"

1,945

2.235

2,430

1,300,000

No. 1

1.270

1,460

1.590

1,200.000

No. 2

1,120

1.290

1,400

1.100,000

No. 3

635

730

795

1,000,000

Stud

660

760

825

1.000,000

Select Structural

2" x 8"

1,795

2.065

2,245

1,300.000

No. 1

1,175

1,350

1.465

1,200,000

No. 2

1,035

1.190

1,295

1,100.000

No. 3

585

675

735

1,000,000

Select Structural

2"x 10"

1,645

1,890

2,055

1,300,000

No. 1

1,075

1,235

1,345

1,200.000

No. 2

950

1,090

1.185

1.100,000

No. 3

540

620

670

1.000,000

Select Structural

2"xl2"

1.495

1,720

1,870

1,300.000

No. 1

980

1,125

1,220

1,200.000

No. 2

865

990

1,080

1,100.000

No. 3

490

560

610

1,000,000

.--. WESTERN CEDARS

Select Structural

2" x A"

1,725

1.985

2.155

1.100.000

West Coast
Lumber

Inspection
Bureau

Western

Woods

Products

Association

(See Footnotes
1 and 2)

No. 1

1.250

1.440

1,565

1,000,000

No. 2

1,210

1,390

1,510

1,000,000

No. 3

690

795

865

900,000

Stud

695

800

870

900.000

Construction

920

1,060

1,150

900,000

Standard

520

595

645

800,000

Utility

260

300

325

800,000

Select Structural

2"x 6"

1.495

1,720

1.870

1.100.000

No. 1

1,085

1.245

1.355

1.000.000

2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

519

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

TABLE 3605.23. Id - continued
DESIGN VALUES FOR DIMENSION LUMBER - VISUAL GRADING

SPECIES AND GRADE

SIZE

NORMAL
DURATION

DESIGN VALUE
IN BENDING u Fb"

MODULUS
OF ELASTICITY

"E"

GRADING
RULES
AGENCY

Snow Loading

7-Day Loading

No. 2

2" x 6"

1.045

1.205

1.310

1,000.000

West Coast

Lumber

Inspection

Bureau

Western

Woods

Products

Association

(See Footnotes
1 and 2)

No. 3

600

690

750

900.000

Srud

635

725

790

900,000

Select Structural

2" x 8"

1.380

1,585

1,725

1,100,000

No. 1

1.000

1,150

1,250

1.000,000

No. 2

965

1,110

1.210

1,000,000

No. 3

550

635

690

900,000

Select Structural

2"x 10"

1.265

1.455

1.580

1.100,000

No. 1

915

1.055

1,145

1,000,000

No. 2

885

1,020

1,105

1,000,000

No. 3

505

580

635

900,000

Select Structural

2" x 12"

1,150

1.325

1,440

1,100.000

No. 1

835

960

1,040

1.000,000

No. 2

805

925

1.005

1,000,000

No. 3

460

530

575

900,000

WESTERN WOODS

Select Structural

2" x 4"

1.150

1,735

1.885

1,200,000

West Coast
Lumber

Inspection
Bureau

Western

Woods

Products

Association

(See Footnotes
1 and 2)

No. 1

1,120

1.290

1,400

1.100,000

No. 2

1,120

1.290

1.400

1.000,000

No. 3

645

745

810

900,000

Stud

635

725

790

900,000

Construction

835

960

1,040

1,000,000

Standard

460

530

575

900.000

Utility

230

265

290

800.000

Select Structural

2"x 6"

1.310

1.505

1,635

1.200,000

No. 1

970

1,120

1.215

1.100.000

No. 2

970

1,120

1,215

1,000.000

No. 3

560

645

700

900,000

Stud

575

660

720

900,000

Select Structural

2" x 8"

1.210

1.390

1,510

1.200.000

No. 1

895

1.030

1,120

1,100,000

No. 2

895

1.030

1,120

1,000.000

No. 3

520

595

645

900,000

Select Structural

2"x 10"

1,105

1.275

1,385

1.200.000

No. 1

820

945

1,030

1,100.000

No. 2

820

945

1,030

1,000,000

No. 3

475

545

595

900,000

Select Structural

2" x 12"

1.005

1.155

1.260

1,200.000

No. 1

750

860

935

1.100.000

No. 2

750

860

935

1,000,000

No. 3

430

495

540

900,000

WHITE OAK

Select Structural

2" x 4"

2.070

2.380

2,590

1. 1 00.000

No. 1

1,510

1.735

1.885

1,000.000

No. 2

1.465

1,685

1,835

900,000

No. 3

820

940

1.025

800.000

Stud

820

945

1.030

800.000

Construction

1 .095

1.255

1.365

900,000

520

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - FLOORS

TABLE 3605.2.3.1 d - continued
DESIGN VALUES FOR DIMENSION LUMBER - VISUAL GRADING

SPECIES AND GRADE

SIZE

NORMAL
DURATION

DESIGN VALUE
IN BENDING "«"

MODULUS

OF ELASTICITY

"E"

GRADING

RULES
AGENCY

Snow Loading

7-Day Loading

Standard

2"x4"

605

695

755

800,000

Northern Lumber

Manufacturers

Association

(See Footnotes
land 2)

Utility

290

330

360

800,000

Select Structural

2"x 6"

1,795

2.065

2,245

1,100,000

No. 1

1.310

1.505

1,635

1,000.000

No. 2

1,270

1,460

1,590

900,000

No. 3

710

815

890

800.000

Stud

750

860

935

800,000

Select Structural

2" x 8"

1.655

1.905

2,070

1.100.000

No. 1

1,210

1,390

1,510

1,000.000

No. 2

1,175

1,350

1,465

900.000

No. 3

655

755

820

800.000

Select Structural

2"x 10"

1,520

1,745

1.900

1,100.000

No. 1

1,105

1,275

1,385

1.000,000

No. 2

1.075

1.235

1.345

900.000

No. 3

600

690

750

800,000

Select Structural

2"xl2"

1,380

1.585

1.725

1,100.000

No. 1

1.005

1.155

1.260

1.000.000

No. 2

980

1.125

1,220

900.000

No. 3

545

630

685

800,000

YELLOW POPLAR

Select Structural

2" x 4"

1.725

1,985

2.155

1,500.000

Northern
Softwood
Lumber
Bureau
(See Footnotes
1 and 2)

No. 1

1,250

1,440

1,565

1.400.000

No. 2

U10

1.390

1,510

1.300.000

No. 3

690

795

865

1.200.000

Stud

695

800

870

1.200.000

Construction

920

1,060

1,150

1.300.000

Standard

520

595

645

1,100.000

Utility

230

265

290

1,100.000

Select Structural

2"x6"

1,495

1,720

1,870

1,500,000

No. 1

1,085

1,245

1,355

1,400.000

No. 2

1,045 .

1,205

1,310

1,300,000

No. 3

600

690

750

1,200.000

Stud

635

725

790

1,200,000

Select Structural

2" x 8"

1,380

1.585

1.725

1.500.000

No. 1

1.000

1.150

1,250

1.400.000

No. 2

965

1,110

1,210

1.300.000

No. 3

550

635

690

1,200.000

Select Structural

2"x 10"

1,265

1,455

1.580

1.500,000

No. 1

915

1.055

1,145

1,400,000

No. 2

885

1,020

1.105

1.300,000

No. 3

505

580

635

1.200.000

Select Structural

2" x 12"

1,150

1.325

1.440

1.500.000

No. 1

835

960

1,040

1.400.000

No. 2

805

925

1,005

1.300.000

No. 3

460

530

575

1,200.000

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 psi = 6.895 kPa.

1. When dimension lumber is used where moisture content will exceed 19% for an extended time period, F b shall be
multiplied by 0.85 ifF 4 exceeds 1,150 psi, and £ shall be multiplied by 0.9.

2. Following is a list of agencies certified by the American Lumber Standards Committee Board of Review (as of
1991) for inspection and grading of untreated lumber under the rules indicated.

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

521

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

Rules in Writing Agencies

National Lumber Grades Authority (NLGA)

260-1055 W. Hastings Street

Vancouver, BC V6E 2E9

Canada
Northeastern Lumber Manufacturers Association (NELMA)

272 Tuttle Road, P.O. Box 87A

Cumberland Center, Maine 04021
Northern Softwood Lumber Bureau (NSLB)

272 Tuttle Road, P.O. Box 87A

Cumberland Center, Maine 04021
Redwood Inspection Service (RIS)

405 Enfrente Drive, Suite 200,

Novato, California 94949

Southern Pine Inspection Bureau (SPIB) '

4709 Scenic Highway, ...

Pensacola, Florida 32504
West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau (WCLIB)

6980 SW Vames Road, P.O. Box 23 145

Portland, Oregon 97223
Western Wood Products Association (WWPA)
522 S.W. 5th Avenue
Yeon Building, Portland, OR 97204

Non-Rules Writing Agencies

California Lumber Inspection Services

Pacific Lumber Inspection Bureau, Inc.

Timber Products Inspection

Alberta Forest Products Association

Canadian Lumbermen's Association

Cariboo Lumber Manufacturers Association

Central Forest Products Association

Council of Forest Industries of British Columbia

Interior Lumber Manufacturers Association

Macdonald Inspection

Maritime Lumber Bureau

Ontario Lumber Manufacturers Association

Pacific Lumber Inspection Bureau

Quebec Lumber Manufacturers Association

Rules for which grading is authorized

NLGA

NELMA, NLGA,
WCLIB, WWPA NLGA

WSLB, WCLIB,
WWPA, NLGA

RIS.WCLB,
WWPA

SPIB, NELMA,
WCLIB, WWPA, NLGA

WCLIB, RIS,
WWPA NLGA, SPIB

WWPA WCLIB,
NLGA, RIS, SPIB

RIS, WCLIB, WWPA, NLGA, SPIB

RIS,WCLB,WWPA, NLGA

RIS, SPIB, WCLIS, WWPA

NLGA

NLGA, NELMA

NLGA

NLGAS

NLGA, NELMA

NLGA

NLGA, NELMA

522

780 CMR - Sixth Edition corrected - 9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - WALL CONSTRUCTION

inch thick (51 mm) double headers in bearing walls
shall not exceed the spans set forth in Table
3606.2.6. The table shall not be used where
concentrated loads are supported by the headers.

3606.2.6.1 Single headers: Nominal two-inch
thick (5 1 mm) single headers shall not be used in
load-bearing walls.

3606.2.6.2 Plywood box headers: Plywood box
headers shall be constructed in accordance with
Figure 3606.2.6.2 and Table 3606.2.6.2.

3606.2.63 Non-bearing walls: Load-bearing
headers are not required in interior or exterior
nonhealing walls. A single flat two-inch-by-four-
inch (5 1 mm by 1 02 mm) member may be used as
a header in interior or exterior nonhealing walls
for openings up to eight feet (2438 mm) in width
if the vertical distance to the parallel nailing
surface above is not more than 24 inches (610
mm). Cripple spacing shall be the same as
spacing of studs.

FIGURE 3606.23a
TYPICAL WALL, FLOOR AND ROOF FRAMING

RAFTERS AND
CEILING JOISTS
OR APPROVED
ROOF TRUSS

SECOND STORY

FLOOR JOIST-
SEE DRILLING
AND NOTCHING
PROVISIONS
780 CMR 3605 2.6.1
-and 3605.2.7 \

•V 3 SPAN

TOP PLATE-
SEE DRILLING
AND NOTCHING
PROVISIONS
780 CMR 36067.5.1

WALL STUD-
SEE DRILLING AND

NOTCHING PROVISIONS
780 CMR 36067.5

JOIST MAY BE CUT

OR NOTCHED BETWEEN

THESE LIMITS,

^f^)

FOR BLOCKING AND
BRIDGING. SEE
780 CMR 3605.2.5

~7ff

BOTTOM
y PLATE

V,^BAND JOIST 1 P
n OR BLOCKING J 7

tkg — , • h

LAP JOISTS 3" MIN.

OR SPLICE— SEE

780 CMR 3605.2.4

1 BY 4 RIBBON
CUT INTO STUD-
SEE 780 CMR 36067.7
FOR FIRESTOPPING

^T\

CRAWL SPACE
DR BASEMENT
'" FOUNDATION

INTERMEDIATE
BEARING WALL

PLATFORM FRAMING

MONOLITHIC

SLAB-ON-GRADE

FOUNDATION

BALLOON FRAMING

NOTE: See Figure 3604.3.1a for other foundation types

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

FIGURE 3606.2.3b
FRAMING DETAILS

CUT PLATE TIED
WITH 24 GAGE
STEET ANGLE OR
EQUIVALENT

SINGLE OR

DOUBLE TOP

PLATE

STAGGER JOINTS 4" OR
USE SPUCE PLATES
SEE 780 CMR 36067.3.3

FOUNDATION
-iCRIPPLE
WALL SEE
780 CME
3606.2.8

ANCHOR BOLTS EMBEDDED
IN FOUNDATION 6'0" O.C.
MAXIMUM

CORNER AND PARTITION POSTS

/] I" BY 4" DIAGONAL
BRACELET INTO STUDS

^£fflfcH=

Apply approved sheaumig or brace exterior walls with 1"
by 4" braces let into studs and plates and extending from
bottom plate to top plate.
See 780 CMR 3606.2.9.

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 204.8 mm.

NOTE: A third stud and/or anchor partition
intersection backing studs may be omitted through
the use of wood backup cleats, metal drywall clips
or other approved devices that will serve as an
adequate backing for the facing materials

TABLE 3606.2.6
MAXIMUM SPANS FOR HEADERS LOCATED OVER OPENINGS IN WALLS

SIZE OF HEADER

2-2x4
2-2x6
2-2x8
2-2x10
2-2x12

HEADERS IN BEARING WALLS

Supporting Roof Only One Story Above

Two Stories Above

HEADERS IN

WALLS NOT

SUPPORTING

FLOORS OR ROOFS

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot 304.8 mm.

1 . Nominal four-inch thick single headers may be substituted for double members.

2. Spans are based on No. 2 Grade Lumber with ten-foot tributary floor and roof loads.

534

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR 3607

WALL COVERING

780 CMR 3607.1 - GENERAL

3607.1.1 Application: The provisions of 780 CMR
3607.1 shall control the design and construction of
the interior and exterior wall covering for all
buildings. The use of materials or methods of
construction not specified in 780 CMR 3607.1
accomplishing the purposes intended by 780 CMR
36 and approved by the building of in accordance
with 780 CMR 109 shall be accepted as complying
with 780 CMR 36.

3607.1.2 Installation: Products sensitive to
adverse weather shall not be installed until
adequate weather protection for the installation is
provided. Exterior sheathing shall be dry before
applying exterior cover.

780 CMR 36072 INTERIOR COVERING

3607.2.1 General: Interior coverings shall be
installed in accordance with this section and Tables
3607.2.1a, 3607.2.1b, 3607.2.1c and 3607.2.3.4.

Interior finishes and materials shall conform to the
flame spread and smoke-density requirements of
780 CMR 3603.

3607.2.2 Interior plaster: Gypsum plaster or
Portland cement plastering materials shall conform
to ASTM C 5, C 28, C 35, C 37, C 59, C 61, C 587,
C 588, C 631, C847, C 897, C 933, C 1032 and C
1047, and shall be installed or applied in
conformance with ASTM C 843, C 844 and C 1063,
each as listed in Appendix A. Plaster shall not be
less than three coats when applied over metal lath
and not less than two coats when applied over other
bases permitted by 780 CMR 3607.2, except that
veneer plaster may be applied in one coat not to
exceed / 16 inch (4.76 mm) thickness, provided the
total thickness is as set forth in Table 3607.2.1a.

36072.2.1 Support: Support spacing, spacing of
fasteners and size of fasteners for gypsum and
metal lath shall conform with Table 3607.2.3.4.
Gypsum lath shall be installed at right angles to
support framing with end joints staggered.

3607.2.3 Gypsum waliboard:

3607.2.3.1 Materials: All gypsum waliboard
materials and accessories shall conform to ASTM
C 36, C 475, C 514, C 960, C 1002 and C 1047 as
listed in Appendix A, and shall be installed in
accordance with the provisions of 780 CMR
3607.2. Adhesives for the installation of gypsum
waliboard shall conform to ASTM C 557 as listed
in Appendix A.

3607.2.3.2 Wood framing: Wood framing
supporting gypsum waliboard shall not be less
than two inches (5 1 mm) nominal thickness in the
least dimension except that wood furring strips
not less than one-inch-by-two inch (25 mm by 5 1
mm) nominal dimension may be used over solid
backing or framing spaced not more than 24
inches (610 mm) on center.

3607.233 Steel framing: Steel framing shall not
be less than 1 V* inches (32 mm) wide in the least
dimension. Light-gage nonload-bearing steel
framing shall comply with ASTM C 645 as listed
in Appendix A. Load-bearing steel framing and
steel framing from 0.033 inch to 0. 1 12 inch (0.838
mm to 2.84 mm) thick shall comply with ASTM
C 955 as listed in Appendix A.

3607.2.3.4 Application: Support spacing and
size and spacing of fasteners shall comply with
Table 3607.2.3.4. Gypsum waliboard may be
applied at right angles or parallel to framing
members. All edges and ends of gypsum
waliboard shall occur on the framing members,
except those edges and ends which are
perpendicular to the framing members. Interior
gypsum waliboard shall not be installed where it
is exposed to the weather construction.

3607.2.3.5 Fastening: Screws for attaching
gypsum waliboard to wood shall be Type W in
accordance with ASTM C 1002 as listed in
Appendix A and shall penetrate the wood not less
than s /e inch (15.9 mm). Screws for attaching
gypsum waliboard to light-gage steel shall be
Type S in accordance with ASTM C 1002 as
listed in Appendix A and shall penetrate the steel
not less than V* inch (6.4 mm). Screws for
attaching gypsum waliboard to steel 0.033 inch to
0.112 inch (0.838 mm to 2.84 mm) thick shall
comply with ASTM C 954 as listed in
Appendix A.

3607.2.4 Bathtub and shower spaces: Bathtub and
shower floors and walls shall be finished" with a
smooth, hard and nonabsorbent surface. Ceramic tile
surfaces shall be installed in accordance with ANSI
A 108.1, A108.4, A108.5, A108.6, A108.ll,
A118.1, A 118.3, A 136.1 and A 137.1 aslistedin
Appendix A. Such wall surfaces shall extend to a
height of not less than six feet (1829 mm) above the
floor.

3607.2.4.1 Ceramic tile: Gypsum board utilized
as the base or backer board for adhesive
application of ceramic tile or other nonabsorbent

9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition

549

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

finish material shall conform with ASTM C 630
as listed in Appendix A . Water-resistant gypsum
backing board shall be permitted to be used on
ceilings where framing spacing does not exceed
12 inches (305 mm) on center. All cut or exposed
edges, including those at wall intersections, shall
be sealed as recommended by the manufacturer.

3607.2.5 Other finishes: Wood veneer or
hardboard paneling not less than %-inch (6.4 mm)
nominal thickness ['^-inch (5.2 mm) actual] shall
conform to HPMA (ANSI) HP for wood veneer and
AHA (ANSI) A135.5 for hardboard paneling. These
finishes may be installed directly to studs with a
maximum 1 6 inches on center spacing: wood veneer
or hardboard paneling less than % inch nominal
thickness must not have less than % inch gypsum
board backer, unless the qualifying tests were made
with the material suspended from noncombustible
backing, and stud spacing may not exceed 16 inches
on center.

3607.2.6 Wood shakes and shingles: Wood shakes
and shingles shall conform to CSSB "Grading Rules
for Wood Shakes and Shingles" as listed in
Appendix A.

TABLE 3607.2.1a
THICKNESS OF PLASTER

PLASTER BASE

FINISHED THICKNESS OF

PLASTER FROM FACE TO

LATH, MASONRY, CONCRETE

Gypsum Plaster

Portland Cement
Mortar

Expanded metal lath

s /s" minimum

5/ » • '
V8 minimum

Wire lath

5/ „ ■ I

V8 minimum

%" minimum
(interior)

7 A" minimum
(exterior)"

Gypsum lath

Vi" minimum

Masonry walls

'A" minimum

!4" minimum

Monolithic concrete
walls '

5 /e" maximum

Vs" maximum

Monolithic concrete
ceilings '

%" maximum

Vi" maximum

Gypsunv veneer
base

l, „ . . 1
/, 6 minimum

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm

1 . When measured from back plane of expanded metal
lath, exclusive of ribs, or self -furring lath, plaster
thickness shall be % inch minimum.

2. When measured from face of support or backing.

3. Because masonry and concrete surfaces may vary in
plane, thickness of plaster need not be uniform.

4. When applied over a liquid bonding agent, finish coat
may be applied directly to concrete surface.

5. Approved acoustical plaster may be applied directly
to concrete or over base coat plaster, beyond the
maximum plaster thickness shown.

6. Attachment shall be in accordance with Table
3607.2.3.4.

TABLE 3607.2.1b
GYPSUM PLASTER PROPORTIONS

NUMBER

COAT

PLASTER

BASE OR

LATH

MAXIMUM

VOLUME
AGGREGATE PER
100 POUNDS NEAT

PLASTER 2

(cubic feet)

Damp
Loose
Sand

Perlite or
Vermiculite

Two-coat

3ase coat

Gypsum lath

2'/:

work

Base coat

Masonry

Three-coat

-irst coat

Lath

2 4

■>

work

Second coat

Lath

„4

-irst and

second

coats

Masonry

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 cubic foot = 0.0283 m J , 1
pound = 0.454 kg.

1 . Wood-fibered gypsum plaster may be mixed in the
proportions of 1 00 pounds of gypsum to not more than
one cubic foot of sand where applied on masonry or
concrete.

2. When determining the amount of aggregate in set
plaster, a tolerance of 1 0% shall be allowed.

3. Combinations of sand and lightweight aggregate may
be used, provided the volume and weight relationship of
the combined aggregate to gypsum plaster is maintained.

4. If used for both first and second coats, the volume of
aggregate may be 2V2 cubic feet.

5. Where plaster is one inch or more in total thickness,
the proportions for the second coat may be increased to
three cubic feet.

TABLE 3607.2.1c
PORTLAND CEMENT PLASTER

MAXIMUM VOLUME AGGREGATE PER VOLUME CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL 1

MINIMUM
PERIOD
MOIST
COATS

Portland Cement
Plaster Maximum
Volume Aggregate
per Volume Cement

Portland Cement-lime Plaster

Approximate

4
Minimum Thickness

Curing

MINIMUM

COAT

Maximum Volume

Lime per Volume

Cement

Maximum Volume
Sand per Volume
Cement and Lime

BETWEEN

First

% 5

48 6 Hours

48' Hours

Second

3 /<

First and Second coats

48 Hours

7 Days"

Finished

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound = 0.454 kg

550

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - WALL COVERING

1 . When determining the amount of aggregate in set plaster, a tolerance of 1 0% maybe allowed.

2. From ten to 20 pounds of dry hydrated lime (or an equivalent amount of lime putty) may be added as a plasticizing
agent to each sack of Type I and Type U standard portland cement in base coat plaster.

3. No additions of plasticizing agents shall be made.

4. See Table 3607.2.1a

5. Measured from face of support or backing to crest of scored plaster.

6. 24 hour minimum period for moist curing of interior portland cement plaster.

7. 24 hour minimi im interval between coats of interior portland cement plaster.

S. Finish coat plaster may be applied to interior portland cement base coat after a 48-hour period.

9. For finish coat, plaster up to an equal part of dry hydrated lime by weight (or an equivalent volume of lime putty)

may be added to Type L Type II and Type HI standard portland cement

TABLE 3607.2.3.4
APPLICATION AND MINIMUM THICKNESS OF GYPSUM WALLBOARD

THICKNESS
OF GYPSUM
WALLBOARD

Cinch)

PLANE OF

FRAMING
SURFACE

LONG
DIMENSION OF

GYPSUM
WALLBOARD

SHEETS IN

RELATION TO

DIRECTION OF

FRAMING

MEMBERS

MAXIMUM

SPACING OF

FRAMING

MEMBERS

[center-to-center
in inches)

MAXIMUM SPACING

OF FASTENERS

(center-to-center, in

inches)

NAILS
TO WOOD

Fastening required without adhesive application.

4
Horizontal

Perpendicular

No. 13 gage 1%- long, 19 / M "
head; 0.098" diameter. 1%" long,
annular-ringed; 4d cooler nail

Vertical

Either direction

Horizontal

Either direction

No. 13 gage 1%" long, '%,"

Horizontal 3

Perpendicular

head; 0.098"diameter, VA" long.

Vertical

Either direction

annular-ringed; 5d cooler nail

Horizontal

Either direction

No. 13 gage l s /a' long, '%."

Horizontal

Perpendicular

head; 0.098" diameter, 1%" long.

Vertical

Either direction

annular-ringed; 6d cooler nail

With adhesive application

Horizontal

Perpendicular

Same as above for %'

Vertical

Either direction

Horizontal

Either direction 3

As required for Vz" and %"
gypsum wallboard, see above

ViorS/e

Perpendicular

... 24

Vertical

Either direction

■ 24

2% layers

Horizontal

Perpendicular

Base ply nailed as required for
14" gypsum wallboard and face
plv placed with adhesive

Vertical

Either direction

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm ..'.....

1. Where the metal framing has a clinching design formed to receive the nails by two edges of metal, the nails shall
not be less than % inch longer than the wallboard thickness and shall have ringed shanks. Where the metal framing
has a nailing groove formed to receive the nails, the nails shall have barbed shanks or be 5d, 13!4 gage, l 5 /s inches
long, / a -inch head for '/i-inch gypsum wallboard; 6d, 13 gage, 1% inches long, 15 / M -inch head for %-inch gypsum
wallboard.

2. Two nails spaced not less than two inches apart, or more than 2Yz inches apart may be used where the pairs are
spaced 12 inches on center except around the perimeter of the boards.

3. %-inch single-ply gypsum board shall not be installed if water-based textured finish is applied or to support
insulation above a ceiling. On horizontal applications to receive a water-based texture material, either hand or spray
applied, gypsum board shall be applied perpendicular to framing and board thickness increased from % inch to 'A inch
for 16-inch o.c. framing, and from Vz inch to s /s inch for 24-inch ox. framing.

4. Horizontal refers to applications such as ceilings. Vertical refers to applications such as walls.

3607.2.6.1 Attachment: Nails, staples or glue are
permitted for use in attaching shakes or -shingles
to the wall, and the shakes or shingles shall be
permitted to be attached directly to the surface
provided the fasteners are appropriate for the type
of wall surface material. When nails or staples are

used, two fasteners shall be provided and shall be
placed so that they are covered by the course
above.

3607.2.6.2 Furring strips: Where furring strips
are used, they shall be one inch by two inches or
one inch by three inches (25 mm by 51 mm or 25

9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition

551

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

mm by 76 mm), spaced a distance on center equal
to the shake or shingle exposure, and shall be
attached to the wall by nailing through other wall
material into the studs of the interior spaces.

3607.2.6.3 Bottom course: The bottom course
shall be doubled.

780 CMR 36073 EXTERIOR COVERING
3607.3.1 General: All exterior walls shall be
covered with approved materials designed and
installed to provide a barrier against the weather and
insects to enable environmental control of the
interior spaces. The exterior coverings in 780 CMR
3607.0 shall be installed in the specified manner
unless otherwise approved.

36073.2 Weather-resistant sheathing paper:

Asphalt-saturated felt, free from holes and breaks
and weighing not less than 1 4 pounds per 1 00 square
feet (0.683 kg/m 2 ) or other approved weather-
resistant material shall be applied over studs or
sheathing of all exterior walls as required by Table
3607.3.4. Such felt or material shall be applied
horizontally, with the upper layer lapped over the
lower layer not less than two inches (51 mm).
Where joints occur, felt shall be lapped not less than
six inches (153 mm).

36073.2.1 Felt or material: Such felt or material
may be omitted.

1 . In detached accessory buildings.

2. Under panel siding with shiplap joints or
battens.

3. Under exterior wall finish materials as
permitted in Table 3607.3.4.

4. Under paperbacked stucco lath.

5. Over water-repellent sheathing materials.

360733 Wood, plywood and wood structural
panel siding: Joints in wood, plywood or wood
structural panel siding shall be made as follows
unless otherwise approved. Vertical joints in panel
siding shall occur over framing members, unless
wood or wood structural panel sheathing is used, and
shall be shiplapped or covered with a batten.
Horizontal joints in panel siding shall be lapped a
minimum of one inch (25 mm) or shall be flashed
with Z-flashing.

360733.1 Horizontal siding: Horizontal siding
shall be lapped a minimum of one inch (25 mm),
or Vi inch (12.7 mm) if rabbeted, and shall have
the ends caulked, covered with a batten, or sealed
and installed over a strip of flashing.

36073.4 Attachments: Unless specified otherwise,
all wall coverings shall be securely fastened in
accordance with Table 3607.3.4 or with other
approved aluminum, stainless steel, zinc-coated, or
other approved corrosion-resistive fasteners.

36073.5 Wood shakes and shingles: Wood shakes
and shingles shall conform to CSSB "Grading Rules
for Wood Shakes and Shingles."

36073.5.1 Application: Wood shakes or shingles
shall be applied either single-course or double-
course over nominal '/2-inch (12.7 mm) wood-
based sheathing or to furring strips over '/4-inch
(12.7 mm) nominal non-wood sheathing. A
weather-resistant permeable membrane shall be
provided over the sheathing, with horizontal
overlaps in the membrane of not less than two
inches (5 1 mm) and vertical overlaps of not less
than six inches (153 mm). Where furring strips are
used, they shall be one inch by three inches or one
inch by four inches (25 mm by 76 mm or 25 mm
by 102 mm) and shall be fastened horizontally to
the studs with 7d or 8d box nails and shall be
spaced a distance on center equal to the actual
weather exposure of the shakes or shingles, not to
exceed the maximum exposure specified in Table
3607.3.5.2. The spacing between adjacent
shingles to allow for expansion shall not exceed
Va inch (6.4 mm), and between adjacent shakes,
shall not exceed l /z inch (12.7 mm). The offset
spacing between joints in adjacent courses a
minimum of 1 V2 inches (38 mm).

36073.5.2 Weather exposure: The maximum
weather exposure for shakes and shingles shall
not exceed that specified in Table 3607.3.5.2.

36073.53 Attachment: Each shake or shingle
shall be held in place by two hot-dipped zinc-
coated, stainless steel, or aluminum nails or
staples. The fasteners shall be long enough to
penetrate the sheathing or furring strips by a
minimum of V2 inch (12.7 mm) and shall not be
overdriven.

36073.53.1 Staple attachment: Staples shall
not be less than 16 gage and shall have a crown
width of not less than 7 / 16 inch (1 1 mm), and
the crown of the staples shall be parallel with
the butt of the shake or shingle. In single-
course application, the fasteners shall be
concealed by the course above and shall be
driven approximately one inch (25 mm) above
the butt line of the succeeding course and %
inch (19 mm) from the edge. In double-course
applications, the exposed shake or shingle shall
be face-nailed with two casing nails, driven
approximately two inches (5 1 mm) above the
butt line and % inch (19 mm) from each edge.
Staples shall not be permitted for face-nailing.
With shingles wider than eight inches (203
mm), two additional nails shall be required and
shall be nailed approximately one inch (25
mm) apart near the center of the shingle.

36073.6 Exterior lath: All lath and lath
attachments shall be of corrosion-resistant materials.

552

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - WALL COVERING

Expanded metal or woven wire lath shall be attached
with 1V2 inch (38 mm) long, 1 1 gage nails having a
7 /i5-inch (1 1 mm) head, or Ve inch (22 mm) long, 16
gage staples, spaced at no more than six inches (153
mm), or as otherwise approved.

36073.7 Masonry veneer, general: All masonry
veneer shall be installed in accordance with
780 CMR 3607.3.7, Table 3607.3.4 and Figure
3607.3.7. Exterior masonry veneer shall not be
laterally supported by wood frame at any point more
than 35 feet (7620 mm) above the adjacent ground
elevation.
Exceptions:

1 . Veneers used as interior wall finishes may be
supported on wood floors which are designed to
support the loads imposed.

2. Exterior masonry veneers with an installed
weight of 40 pounds per square foot (195 kg/m )
or less may be supported on wood construction.
When the masonry veneer is supported by wood
construction that adjoins the masonry veneer
supported by the foundation, there shall be a
movement joint between the veneer supported by
the wood construction and the foundation. The
wood construction supporting the masonry veneer
shall be designed to limit deflection to / 600 of the

span for the supporting members.

3607.3.7.1 Lintels: Masonry veneer shall not
support any vertical load other than the dead load
of the veneer above. Veneer above openings shall
be supported on lintels of noncombustible
materials and the allowable span shall not exceed
the values set forth in Table 3607.3.7.1. The
lintels shall have a length of bearing of not less
than four inches (102 mm).

36073.7.2 Attachment: Masonry veneer shall be
attached to the supporting wall with corrosion-
resistant metal ties.

36073.7.2.1 Size and spacing: Veneer ties, if
strand wire, shall not be less in thickness than
No. 9 U.S. gage wire and shall have a hood
embedded in the mortar joint, or if sheet metal,
not less than No. 22 U.S. gage by Ve inch (22
mm) corrugated. Each tie shall be spaced not
more than 24 inches (610 mm) on center
horizontally and shall support not more than
3Vi square feet (0.302 m 2 ) of wall area.

Exception: In wind areas of more than 30
pounds per square foot (1.44 kN/m 2 ), each
tie shall support not more than two square
feet (0.186 m 2 ) of wall area.

2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

553

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

TABLE 36073.4
WEATHER-RESISTANT SIDING ATTACHMENT AND MINIMUM THICKNESS

NOMINAL

rmcNESs

(inches)

JOINT
TREATMENT

SHEATHING

PAPER
REQUIRED

TYPE OF SUPPORTS FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL AND
FASTENERS^'

SIDING
MATERIAL

Wood, or
Wood

structural
Panel

Sheathing

Fiberboard

Sheathing into

Stud

Gypsum
Sheathing
into Stud

Direct to
Studs

Number or
Spacing of
Fasteners

Without
nsulation

0.019 6

Lap

0.120 nail
l'/4" long

0.120 nail
2" long

Not allowed

Horizontal
aluminum

0.024

Lap

0.120 nail
114" long

0.120 nail
2" long

Not allowed

Same as stud
spacing

With

nsulation

0.019

Lap

0.120 nail
1 14 "long

0.120 nail
2'4" long

0.120 nail
2 14" long

0120 nail
1 Vi" long

Brick veneer

Concrete masonry

veneer

780 CMR
3607.3

Yes (13)

See 780 CMR 3607.3 and Figure 3607.3.7 8

Hardboard
Board and batten-
vertical

(7)

0.099 nail
2" long

0.099 nail
2/j" long

0.099 nail
2" long

0.099 nail
1%" long

6" panel edges
8" inter, sup.

Hardboard
Lap-siding-horizonta!

(7)

0.099 nail
2" long

0.099 nail
2Vi" long

0.099 nail
2'/." long

0.099 nail
2" long

Same as stud

spacing 2 per

bearing

9
Steel

29 ga.

Lap

0.113 nail lV*"
Staple l 3 /«"

0.113nail2 3 /4"
Staple 2/2"

0.1 13 nail
214" Staple

iVt"

Not allowed

Same as stud
spacing

Stone veneer

780 CMR
3607.3

Yes

See 780 CMR 3607.3 and Figure 3607.3.7

Particalboard panels

%-!4

(7)

6d box nail

6d box nail,
%not
allowed

6" panel edges
12" inter, sup.

(7)

6d box nail

8d box nail

6d box nail

Plywood panel
(exterior grade)

(7)

0.099jiail2"
Staple 1%"

0.113 nail 214"
Staple 2%"

0.099 nail 2"
Staple 2"

0.099 nail 2"
Staple 1%"

6" on edges 1 2"
inter, sup.

14
Vinyl Siding

0.035

Lap

0.120 nail IV4"
Staple \V*"

0.120 nail 2"
Staple 214"

Not allowed

Same as stud
spacing

Wood"

Rustic drop

Shiplap

Bevel
Butt tip

% Minimum
'% 2 Average

I;..

he.

Lap

Lap
Lap

No
No

Fastener penetration into stud - 1 "

0.113 nail

214" Staple

Face nailig up to
6" widths, 1 nail
per bearing: 8"
widrhs and over,
2 nails per
bearing

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

1. Based on stud spacing of 16 inches o.c. Where studs are spaces 24 inches, siding may be applied to sheathing
approved for that spacing.

2. Nail is a general description and may be T-head, modified round head, or round head with smooth or deformed
shanks.

3. Staples shall have a minimum crown width of 7 / 16 -inch O.D. and be manufactured of minimum No. 16 gage wire.

4. Nails or staples must be aluminum, galvanized, or rust-preventive coated and shall be driven into the studs for
fiberboard or gypsum backing.

5. Aluminum nails shall be used to attach aluminum siding.

6 Aluminum (0.019 inch) may be unbacked only when the maximum panel width is ten inches and the maximum flat
area is eight inches. The tolerance for aluminum siding shall be ±0.002 inch of the nominal dimension.

7. If boards are applied over sheathing or weather resistant membrane, joints need not be treated. Otherwise, vertical
joints must occur at studs and be covered with battens or be lapped.

8. All attachments shall be coated with a corrosion-resistive coating.

9. Shall be of approved type.

10. %-inch plywood may be applied directly to studs spaced 16 inches on center. '.4-inch plywood may be applied
directly to studs spaced at 24 inches on center.

11. Woodboard sidings applied vertically shall be nailed to horizontal nailing strips or blocking set 24 inches o.c.
Nails shall penetrate 1 14 inches into studs, studs and wood sheathing combined, or blocking. A weather-resistant
membrane shall be installed weatherboard fashion under the vertical siding unless the siding boards are lapped or
battens are used.

12. Hardboard siding shall comply with AHA A135.6

13. For masonry veneer, a weather-resistant membrane or building paper is not required over water-repellent sheathing
materials when a one-inch air space is provided between the veneer and the sheathing. When the one-inch space is

554

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - WALL COVERING

filled with mortar, a weather-resistant membrane or building paper is required over studs or sheathing.
14. Vinyl siding shall comply with ASTM D 3679.

TABLE 3607.3.5.2

MAXIMUM WEATHER EXPOSURE FOR

WOOD SHAKES AND SHINGLES ON

EXTERIOR WALLS

(Dimensions are in

LENGTH

EXPOSURE FOR
SINGLE COURSE

EXPOSURE FOR
DOUBLE COURSE

SHINGLES 1
16
18

HVi

I2 3
16

SHAKES 1
18
24

8'/2

ll'/i

14
18

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm

1. Dimensions given are for No. 1 Grade.

2. A maximum ten-inch exposure is permitted for No. 2
Grade.

3. A maximum 1 1-inch exposure is permitted for No. 2
Grade.

36073.7.2.2 Paper backing required: When
applied over stud construction, the studs shall
be spaced a maximum of 24 inches (610 mm)
on center and approved paper shall first be
applied over the sheathing or wires between
the studs, except as otherwise provided in
780 CMR 3607.3.2 and mortar shall be slushed
into the one-inch (25 mm) space between
facing and paper.
Exception: As an alternate, an air space of
at least one inch (25 mm) may be maintained
between the backing and the veneer, in
which case a weather-resistant membrane or
felt sheathing paper or approved water-
repellent sheathing shall be applied over the
studs.
3607.3.7.2.3 Veneer grouting: In lieu of such
wire ties, an approved method of grouting the

veneer to a paperbacked reinforcement
attached directly to the studs may be used.

3607.3.7.3 Flashing: Flashing shall be located
beneath the first course of masonry above finished
ground level above the foundation wall or slab,
and at other points of support, including
structural floors, shelf angles and lintels when
masonry veneers are designed in accordance with
780 CMR 3607.3. 7. See 780 CMR 3607.3. 8 for
additional requirements.

3607.3.7.4 Weepholes: Weepholes shall be
provided in the outside of masonry walls at a
maximum spacing of 33 inches (838 mm) on
center. Weepholes shall not be less than / I6 inch
(4.8 mm) in diameter. Weepholes shall be located
immediately above the flashing.

36073.8 Flashing: Approved corrosion-resistive
flashing shall be provided at top and sides of all
exterior window and door openings in such a
manner as to be leak-proof, except that self-flashing
windows having a continuous lap of not less than
1% inches (28 mm) over the sheathing material
around the perimeter of the opening, including
comers, do not require additional flashing; jamb
flashing may also be omitted when specifically
approved by the building official. Similar flashings
shall be installed at the intersection of chimneys or
other masonry construction with frame or stucco
walls, with projecting lips on both sides under stucco
copings; under and at the ends of masonry, wood or
metal copings and sills; continuously above all
projecting wood trim; where exterior porches, decks
or stairs attach to a wall or floor assembly of wood-
frame construction; at wall and roof intersections.

9/19'97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition

555

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

FIGURE 36073.7
MASONRY VENEERED WALL DETAIL

BULDU3PAPEH
OR APPROVED
WATER REPEUBn
SHEATWCCVER
STUDASDESCHEED
IN 780 CMR 3607.3 2

r Am SPACE OR
1-MORTABED SPACE
AS DESCRIBED N
780 CMR 3607J.72J

- FLASHNG AND WEEP HDLES'

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

1. Location of flashing and weepholes as described in 780 CMR 3607.3.7.3 and 3607.3.7.4.

TABLE 3607.3.7.1
ALLOWABLE SPANS FOR LINTELS SUPPORTING MASONRY VENEER

SIZE OF STEEL
ANGLE 3

NO STORY ABOVE

ONE STORY ABOVE

TWO STORIES ABOVE

NO OF Vi" OR

EQUIVALENT

REINFORCING

BARS

3 x 3 x %

6-0"

3-6"

3'-0"

4 x 3 x Va

8' - 0"

5'-0"

3'-0"

6x3'/2x'/4

14' -0"

8'-0"

3-6"

2-6x3'/ 2X '/4

20' - 0"

ll'-O"

5'-0"

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

1 . Long leg of the angle shall be placed in a vertical position.

2. Depth of reinforced lintels shall not be less than eight inches and all cells of hollow masonry lintels shall be grouted
and solid. Reinforcing bars shall extend not less than eight inches into the support.

3. Steel members indicated are adequate typical examples; other steel members meeting structural design requirements
may be used.

556

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR 3608

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

3608.1 GENERAL
3608.1.1 Application: The provisions of 780 CMR
3608.1 shall control the design and construction of
the roof-ceiling system for all buildings. The use of
materials or methods of construction not specified in
780 CMR 3608.1 accomplishing the purposes
intended with 780 CMR 36 and approved by the
building official in accordance with 780 CMR 36
and approved by the building official in accordance
with 780 CMR 109 shall be accepted as complying
with 780 CMR 36.

3608.L2 Requirements: Roof-ceiling construction
shall be capable of supporting all loads imposed
according to 780 CMR 3603.1 and shall transmit the
resulting loads to supporting structural elements.

3608.1.3 Roof drainage: In areas where expansive
or collapsible soils are known to exist or where
required by city or town ordinance or by-law, all
dwellings shall have a controlled method of water
disposal from roofs that will collect and discharge
all roof drainage to the ground surface at least five
feet (1524 mm) from foundation walls or to an
approved drainage system.

3608.2.2 Design and construction: Roof-ceilings
of wood construction shall be designed and
constructed in accordance with the provisions of
780 CMR 3608.2 or with the AFPA NDS-1991
"National Design Specification for Wood
Construction," the CWC-1987 "Canadian Dimension
Lumber Data Book," the WWPA- 1992 "Western
Lumber Span Tables for Floor and Ceiling Joists and
Roof Rafters," or the "Southern Pine Maximum
Spans for Joists and Rafters," each as listed in
Appendix A. Roof-ceilings shall be constructed in
accordance with Figures 3606.4.10a, 3606.4.10b,
3606.4.10c and 3608.2.4.1 and nailed in accordance
with Table 3606.2.3a.

3608.2.2.1 Cathedral ceilings: When ceiling
joists and rafter ties are omitted and the rafters are
used to create a cathedral ceiling, rafter ends shall
be supported on bearing walls, headers or ridge
beams. Rafters shall be attached to supporting
members in accordance with Table 3606.2.3a.
Ridge beams shall be capable of carrying the
imposed roof loads and shall be supported by
structural elements which transmit the loads to the
foundation.

780 CMR 360&2 ROOF FRAMING

3608.2.1 Identification and grade: Load-bearing
dimension lumber for rafters, trusses and ceiling
joists shall conform to DOC PS 20 and to other
applicable standards or grading rules, as listed in
Appendix A, and be identified by a grade mark or
certificate of inspection issued by an approved
agency. The grade mark or certificate shall provide
adequate information to determine F b , the allowable
stress in bending, and E, the modulus of elasticity.
Approved end jointed lumber may be used
interchangeably with solid-sawn members of the
same species and grade. Blocking shall be a
minimum of utility grade lumber.

Exception: Use of Native Lumber shall be
allowed in accordance with 780 CMR 2303. 0.

3608.2.1.1 Fire-retardant-treated lumber: The
allowable unit stresses for fire-retardant-treated
lumber, including fastener values, shall be
developed from an approved method of
investigation which considers the effects of
anticipated temperature and humidity to which the
fire-retardant lumber will be subjected, the type of
treatment and redrying process. The fire-retardant
treated lumber shall be graded by an approved
agency.

3608.2.3 Framing details: Rafters shall be nailed to
ceiling joists to form a continuous tie between
exterior walls where joists are parallel to the rafters.
Where not parallel, rafters shall be tied with a rafter
tie, located as near the plate as practical. Rafter ties
shall be spaced not more than four feet (1219 mm)
on center. Rafters shall be framed to ridge board or
to each other with gusset plate as a tie. Ridge board
shall be at least one-inch (25 mm) nominal thickness
and not less in depth than the cut end of the rafter.
At all valleys and hips there shall be a valley or hip
rafter not less than two-inch (51 mm) nominal
thickness and not less in depth than the cut end of
the rafter. Hip and valley rafters shall be supported
at the ridge by a brace to a bearing partition or be
designed to carry and distribute the specific load at
that point

3608.23.1 Ceiling joists lapped: Ends of ceiling
joists shall be lapped a minimum of three inches
(76 mm) or butted over bearing partitions or beam
and toenailed to the bearing member. When
ceiling joists are used to provide resistance to
rafter thrust, lapped joists shall be nailed together
and butted joists shall be tied together in a manner
to resist such thrust.

9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

3608.2.3.2 Collar ties: Pairs of rafters on
opposing sides of a ridge board in roof pitches
over three units vertical in 12 units horizontal
shall be connected by collar ties. Collar ties shall
be located at a maximum spacing of 48 inches on
center, measured parallel to the ridge, or at every
third pair of rafters, whichever is smaller. Collar
ties shall be located in the upper third of the
height of the roof, measured from the sill plate to
the ridge, and shall be a minimum of one inch by
six inch dimension lumber. Collar ties shall be
connected to rafters in accordance with the
requirements for rafter ties in Table 3606.2.3a.

3608.2.4 Allowable spans: The unsupported spans
for ceiling joists shall not exceed the values set forth
in Tables 3608.2.4aa through 3608.2.4dd The
unsupported spans for rafters shall not exceed the
values set forth in Tables 3608.2.4a through
3608.2.4x. When the roof pitch is less than three

units vertical in 12 units horizontal (25% slope),
members supporting rafters and ceiling joists, such
as ridge beams, hips and valleys, shall be designed
as beams. Selection of rafters shall be based on
lumber properties, snow load zone and deflection
due to live load based on ceiling finish (see table
3603.1.6

3608.2.4.1 Purlins: Purlins may be installed to
reduce the span of rafters as shown in Figure
3608.2.4.1. Purlins shall be sized no less than the
required size of the rafters that they support.
Purlins shall be continuous and shall be supported
by two by four (51 by 102) struts installed to
bearing walls at a slope not less than 45 degrees
from the horizontal. The struts shall be spaced not
more than four feet (1219 mm) on center, and the
unbraced length of struts shall not exceed eight
feet (2438 mm).

558

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

FIGURE 3608.2.4.1
BRACED RAFTER CONSTRUCTION

RAFTER SPAN
SEE TABLES

3608.2.4a throut

,h3608.2.4x

J | F

°i2
i<
oS.

ZlU

q. CD

^-^^^* 5 ° /x

/ 2-BY4-

>/ AT 4'0.

CEIUNG JOIST
SEE TABLES

3608.2. 4aa throug
3608.2.4dd

• FOUNDATION

'BEAR1NGWALL

For SI: one inch = 25.4 mm, one foot = 304.8 mm.

NOTE: Where ceiling joists run perpendicular to the rafters, rafter ties shall be nailed to the rafters near the

plate line and spaced not more than four feet on center.

3608.2.5 Bearing: The ends of each rafter or ceiling
joist shall have not less than 1 Vi inches (38 mm) of
bearing on wood or metal and not less than three
inches (76 mm) on masonry.

3608.2.6 Cutting and notching: It shall be unlawful
to notch, cut or pierce wood beams, joists or rafters
in excess of the limitations herein specified, unless
proven safe by structural analysis or suitably
reinforced to transmit all calculated loads. Notches
in the top or bottom of rafter shall not exceed V 16 of
the depth of the rafter, shall not be longer than V3
the depth of the member and shall not be located in
the middle third of the span. Notch depth at the ends
of the member shall not exceed V* the rafter depth.

Exceptions:

1. A notch over the support is permitted to
extend the full width of the support

2. Notches on cantilevered portions of the
member are permitted to extend the full length of
the cantilever if the strength and deflection of
the cantilever is calculated based on the reduced
member section.

3. The tension side of rafters which are four
inches or greater in nominal thickness, shall not
be notched, except at ends of members.

3608.2.7 Holes: Holes drilled, bored or cut into
rafters shall not be closer than two inches (5 1 mm)
to the top or bottom of the rafters, or to any other
hole located in the rafter. Where the rafter is
notched, the hole shall not be closer than two

558.1

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE
NON-TEXT PAGE

558.2 780 CMR -Sixth Edition 12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

inches to the notch. The diameter of the hole shall
not exceed Vs the depth of the rafter.

3608.2.8 Lateral support: Rafters and ceiling joists
having a depth-to-thickness ratio exceeding five to
one based on nominal dimensions shall be provided
with lateral support at points of bearing to prevent
rotation.

3608.2.8.1 Bridging: Rafters and ceiling joists
having a depth-to-thickness ratio exceeding six to
one based on nominal dimensions shall be
supported laterally by solid blocking, diagonal
bridging (wood or metal) or a continuous one-
inch-by-three-inch (25 mm by 76 mm) wood strip
nailed across the rafters or ceiling joists at
intervals not exceeding ten feet (3048 mm).

3608.2.9 Framing of openings: Openings in roof
and ceiling framing shall be framed with headers
between ceiling joists or rafters. When the header
span does not exceed four feet (1219 mm), the
header may be a single member the same size as the
ceiling joist or rafter. When the header span exceeds
four feet (1219 mm), the header and the joists or
rafters that support the header shall be doubled, and
approved hangers shall be used to connect the
header to the joists or rafters.

3608.2.10 Trusses: Wood trusses shall be designed
in accordance with approved engineering practice.
Truss components may be joined by nails, glue,
timber connectors or other approved fastening
devices. The design of metal plate connected wood
trusses shall comply with TPI QST, TPI PCT and
TPI-1985 "Design Specification for Metal Plate
Connected Wood Trusses", each as listed in
Appendix A. Trusses shall be braced according to
their appropriate engineered design. In the absence
of specific bracing requirements, trusses shall be
braced in accordance with TPI BWT, as listed in
Appendix A. Truss members shall not be cut or
altered unless so designed.

3608.2.11 Roof tie-down: Roof assemblies subject
to wind uplift pressures of 20 pounds per square foot
(0.958 kN/m 2 ) or greater, shall have rafter or truss
ties provided in accordance with Table 3608.2.12.
The resulting uplift forces from the rafter or truss
ties shall be transmitted to the foundation.

780 CMR 36083 ROOF SHEATHING
3608.3.1 Lumber sheathing: Allowable spans for
lumber used as roof sheathing shall conform to
Table 3608.3.1. Spaced lumber sheathing for wood
shingle and shake roofing shall conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 3609.8 and 3609.9.

36083.2 Plywood sheathing:

36083.2.1 Identification and grade: Plywood
and wood structural panels shall conform to DOC
PS 1 or DOC PS 2 as listed in Appendix A, and
shall be identified by grade mark or certificate of
inspection issued by an approved agency.
Plywood and wood structural panels shall comply
with the grades specified in Table 3605.3.2.1.1a.

36083.2.1.1 Type: All plywood, when
designed to be exposed in outdoor applications,
shall be of an exterior type. Plywood or wood
structural panel roof sheathing exposed to the
underside may be of interior type bonded with
exterior glue, identified as Exposure 1.
36083.2.13 Fire-retardant-treated plywood:
The allowable unit stresses for fire-retardant-
treated plywood, including fastener values,
shall be developed from an approved method
of investigation which considers the effects of
anticipated temperature and humidity to which
the fire-retardant plywood will be subjected,
the type of treatment and redrying process.
The fire-retardant-treated plywood shall be
graded by an approved agency.
360833.13 Wood structural panels: Wood
structural-use panels conforming to DOC PS 2,
as listed in Appendix A, includes performance-
rated plywood, oriented strandboard and
composite panels. Oriented strandboard
structural-use panels manufactured in Canada
shall conform to CSA 0437 as listed in
Appendix A.

36083.2.2 Allowable spans: The maximum
allowable spans for plywood and wood structural
panel roof sheathing shall not exceed the values
set forth in Table 3605.3.2.1.1a.

36083.23 Installation: Plywood and wood
structural panel roof sheathing shall be installed
with joints staggered or nonstaggered in
accordance with Tables 360533.1. La and
3606.23a, or APA E 30 as listed in Appendix A.

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

559

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

TABLE 3608.2.12
WIND UPLIFT FORCES ON ROOF

TRUSSES AND RAFTERS' 2 - 34
(Pounds Per Tie-Down Connection)

WIND UPLIFT

PRESSURE ON

ROOF (psf)

TOTAL BUILDING WIDTH ROOF
INCLUDING OVERHANG (feet)

192

224

256

288

320

432

504

576

648

720

672

784

895

1,008

1,120

912

1,064

1,216

1,368

1,520

1,152

1,344

1,536

1,728

1,920

1,392

1,624

1,856

2.0SS

2,320

1,632

1,904

2,176

2,448

2,720

1,872

2,184

2,496

2,808

3,120

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, psf =
0.0479 kNm 2

1 . A continuous load path capable of resisting the
tributary forces shall be provided from tie-down
connections to the foundation.

2. Wind uplift forces are based on 24-inch spacing of
roof trusses or rafters. For spacing other than 24 inches,
forces shall be adjusted accordingly.

3. Interpolation is permitted for intermediate values of
wind uplift pressures and building widths.

4. The rated capacity of approved tie-down devices is
permitted to include a Vz increase for wind effects.

5. Tie-down connections shall be provided at bearing
walls for roof trusses or rafters to resist wind uplift
forces.

360833 Particleboard sheathing:

3608.3.3.1 Identification and grade:

Particleboard roof sheathing shall conform to
Type 2-M-W as set forth in ANSI A208.1 as
listed in Appendix A and shall be so identified by
a grade mark or certificate of inspection issued by
an approved agency.

360833.2 Allowable spans: The allowable loads
and spans for particleboard roof sheathing shall
not exceed the values set forth in Table
360833.2.

3608333 Installation: Particleboard roof
sheathing shall be installed in accordance with
Tables 3606.2.3a and 3608.3.3.2. Where walls are
subject to wind pressures of 30 pounds per square
foot (1.44 kN/m") or greater, particleboard roof
sheathing shall be attached to the gable end with
8d common nails spaced at no more than four
inches on center (102 mm), or equivalent
fasteners.

TABLE 36083.1

MINIMUM THICKNESS LUMBER ROOF

SHEATHING

RAFTER OR BEAM
SPACING (inches)

MINIMUM NET
THICKNESS (inches)

48'

60'

l'AT&G

72^

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 psi= 6.895 kPa.

1 . Minimum 270 F b , 340,000 £.

2. Minimum 420 F b , 660,000 £.

3. Minimum 600 F b , 1,1 50,000 E.

TABLE 38033.2

ALLOWABLE LOADS FOR

PARTICLEBOARD ROOF SHEATHING 1 2 - 3

GRADE

THICKNESS
(inches)

MAXIMUM
ON-
CENTER
SPACING

LIVE
LOAD

(pounds per
square foot)

TOTAL
LOAD

(pounds per
square foot)

3/e 4

7 / 4

'16

105

2-M-W

7 / 4
'16

'/=

110

150

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 psi = 6895 kPa.

1 . Panels are continuous over two or more spans.

2. Uniform load deflection limitations: V 180 of the span
under live load plus dead load and '/ 240 of the span under
live load only.

3. The panels may be applied parallel or perpendicular
to the span of the rafters or joists and shall be continuous
over two or more spans. If the panels are applied
perpendicular to roof supports, the end joints of the
panels shall be offset so that four panel corners will not
meet. Cutouts for items such as plumbing and electrical
shall be oversized to avoid a forced fit. A '/2-inch gap
must be provided between the panel and concrete
masonry walls. Leave a 7 16 -inch gap between panels and
nail no closer than % inch from panel edge.

4. Edges shall be tongue and groove or supported with
blocking or edge clips.

780 CMR 3608.4 METAL
3608.4.1 General: Elements shall be straight and
free of any defects which would significantly affect
their structural performance.

560

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE 3608.2.4J

ALLOWABLE SPANS FOR LOW OR HIGH SLOPE RAFTERS

30 Lbs. per Sq. Ft Live Load

For Use in Snow Load Zone 2
DESIGN CRITERIA: Strength— 15 lbs. per sq. ft. dead load plus 30 lbs. per sq. ft. live load determines fiber stress
Deflection — For 30 lbs. per sq. ft. live load. Limited to span in inches divided by 1 80.

RAFTER SPACING
AND SIZE

ALLOWABLE EXTREME FIBER STRESS IN BENDING,

'Fb," (p

si)

(inches)

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

2x4

12.0

3-0
0.05

3-8
0.09

4-3
0.15

4-9
0.20

5-3
0.27

5-8
0.34

6-0
0.41

6-5
0.49

6-9
0.58

7-1
0.67

7-5
0.76

7-8
0.86

16.0

2-7
0.04

3-2
0.08

3-8
0.13

4-1
0.18

4-6
0.23

4-11
0.29

5-3
0.36

5-6
0.43

5-10
0.50

6-1
0.58

6-5
0.66

6-8

0.74

24.0

2-2
0.04

2-7
0.07

3-0
0.10

3-4
0.14

3-8
0.19

4-0
0.24

4-3
0.29

4-6
0.35

4-9
0.41

5-0
0.47

5-3
0.54

5-5
0.61

2x6

12.0

4-9
0.05

5-10
0.09

6-8
0.15

7-6
0.20

8-2
0.27

8-10
0.34

9-6
0.41

10-0
0.49

10-7
0.58

11-1
0.67

11-7
0.76

12-1
0.86

16.0

4-1
0.04

5-0
0.08

5-10
0.13

6-6
0.18

7-1
0.23

7-8
0.29

8-2
0.36

8-8
0.43

9-2
0.50

9-7
0.58

10-0
0.66

10-5
0.74

24.0

3-4
0.04

4-1
0.07

4-9
0.10

5-4
0.14

5-10
0.19

6-3
0.24

6-8
0.29

7-1
0.35

7-6
0.41

7-10
0.47

8-2
0.54

8-6
0.61

2x8

12.0

6-3
0.05

7-8
0.09

8-10

0.15

9-10
0.20

10-10
0.27

11-8
0.34

12-6
0.41

13-3
0.49

13-11
0.58

14-8
0.67

15-3
0.76

15-11
0.86

16.0

5-5
0.04

6-7
0.08

7-8
0.13

8-7
0.18

9-4
0.23

10-1
0.29

10-10
0.36

11-6
0.43

12-1
0.50

12-8
0.58

13-3
0.66

13-9
0.74

24.0

4-5
0.04

5-5
0.07

6-3
0.10

7-0
0.14

7-8
0.19

8-3
0.24

8-10
0.29

9-4
0.35

9-10
0.41

10-4
0.47

10-10
0.54

11-3
0.61

2x10

12.0

8-0
0.05

9-9
0.09

11-3
0.15

12-7
0.20

13-9
0.27

14-11
0.34

15-11
0.41

16-11
0.49

17-10
0.58

18-8
0.67

19-6
0.76

20-4
0.86

16.0

6-11
0.04

8-5
0.08

9-9

0.13

10-11
0.18

11-11
0.23

12-11
0.29

13-9
0.36

14-8
0.43

15-5
0.50

16-2
0.58

16-11
0.66

17-7
0.74

24.0

5-8
0.04

6-11
0.07

8-0
0.10

8-11
0.14

9-9
0.19

10-6
0.24

11-3
0.29

11-11
0.35

12-7
0.41

13-2
0.47

13-9
0.54

14-4
61

(inches)

1400

1500

1600

1700

1800

1900

2000

2100

2200

2400

2700

3000

2x4

12.0

8-0
0.96

8-3
1.06

8-6
1.17

.8-9 .
1.28

9-0

1.39

9-3
1.51

9-6
1.63

9-9
1.76

10-0
1.88

10-5
2.15

11-1
2.56

16.0

6-11
0.83

7-2
0.92

7-5
1.01

7-7
1.11

7-10
1.21

8-0
1.31

8-3
1.41

8-5
1.52

8-8
1.63

9-0
1.86

9-7
2.22

10-1
2.60

24.0

5-8
0.68

5-10
0.75

6-0
0.83

6-3
0.90

6-5
0.99

6-7
1.07

6-9
1.15

6-11

1.24

7-1
1.33

7-5
1.52

7-10
1.81

8-3
2.12

2x6

12.0

12-6
0.96

13-0
1.06

13-5
1.17

13-10
1.28

14-2
1.39

14-7
1.51

15-0
1.63

15^1
1.76

15-8
1.88

16-5
2.15

17-5
2.56

16.0

10-10
0.83

11-3
0.92

11-7
1.01

11-11
1.11

12-4
1.21

12-8
1.31

13-0
1.41 •

13-3
1.52

13-7
1.63

14-2
1.86

15-1

2.22

15-11
2.60

24.0

8-10
0.68

9-2
0.75

9-6
0.83

9-9
0.90

10-0
0.99

10-4
1.07

10-7
1.15

10-10
1.24

11-1
1.33

11-7
1.52

12-4
1.81

13-0
2.12

2x8

12.0

16-6
0.96

17-1
1.06

17-8
1.17

18-2
1.28

18-9
1.39

19-3
1.51

19-9
1.63

20-3
1.76

20-8
1.88

21-7
2.15

22-11
2.56

16.0

14-4
0.83

14-10
0.92

15-3
1.01

15-9
1.11

16-3
1.21

16-8
1.31

17-1
1.41

17-6
1.52

17-11
1.63

18-9
1.86

1-9-10
2.22

20-11
2.60

24.0

11-8
0.68

12-1
0.75

12-6
0.83

12-10
0.90

13-3
0.99

13-7
1.07

13-11
1.15

14-4

1.24

14-8
1.33

15-3
1.52

16-3

1.81

17-1
2.12

2x10

12.0

21-1
0.96

21-10
1.06

22-6
1.17

23-3
1.28

23-1 i
1.39

24-6
1.51

25-2
1.63

25-10
1.76

26-5
1.88

27-7
2.15

29-3
2.56

16.0

18-3
0.83

18-11
0.92

19-6
1.01

20-1
1.11

20-8

1.21

21-3
1.31

21-10
1.41

22-4
1.52

22-10
1.63

23-11
1.86

25-1
2.22

26-8

2.60

24.0

14-11
0.68

15-5

0.75

15-11
0.83

16-5

0.90

16-11
0.99

17-4
1.07

17-10
1.15

18-3

1.24

18-8
1.33

19-6

1.52

20-8
1.81

21-10
2.12

For SI: I inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound per
NOTE: The modulus of elasticity, "£,"

square inch = 6.895 kPa. 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kN/m2.
in 1 ,000.000 pounds per square inch is shown below each span.

9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition

575

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

TABLE 3608.2.4k

ALLOWABLE SPANS FOR LOW OR HIGH SLOPE RAFTERS

30 Lbs. per Sq. Ft. Live Load (Supporting Gypsum Ceiling)

For Use in Snow Load Zone 2
DESIGN CRITERIA: Strength — 15 lbs. per sq. ft. dead load plus 30 lbs. per sq. ft. live load determines fiber stress.
Deflection — For 30 lbs. per sq. ft. live load. Limited to span in inches divided by 240.

RAFTERS: Spans are measured along the horizontal projection and loads are considered as applied on the horizontal projection.
HOW TO USE TABLES: Enter table with span of rafters (upper figure in each square). Determine size and spacing (last column)
based on stress grade (top row) and modulus of elasticity (lower figure in each square) of lumber to be used.

RAFTER SIZE
AND SPACING

ALLOWABLE EXTREME FIBER STRESS IN BENDING

,"FA,"(psi)

( i nches)

(i nches)

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

2x6

12.0

5-10
0.13

6-8
0.19

7-6
0.27

8-2
0.36

8-10
0.45

9-6
0.55

10-0
0.66

10-7
0.77

11-1
0.89

11-7
1.01

12-1
1.14

16.0

5-0
0.11

5-10
0.17

6-6
0.24

7-1
0.31

7-8
0.39

8-2
0.48

8-8
0.57

9-2
0.67

9-7
0.77

10-0
0.88

10-5
0.99

24.0

4-1
0.09

4-9
0.14

5-4
0.19

5-10
0.25

6-3
0.32

6-8
0.39

7-1
0.46

7-6
0.54

7-10
0.63

8-2
0.72

8-6
0.81

2x8

12.0

7-8
0.13

8-10
0.19

9-10

0.27

10-10
0.36

11-8
0.45

12-6
0.55

13-3
0.66

13-11
0.77

14-8
0.89

15-3
1.0!

15-11
1.14

16.0

6-7
0.11

7-8
0.17

8-7
0.24

94
0.31

10-1
0.39

10-10
0.48

11-6
0.57

12-1
0.67

12-8
0.77

13-3
0.88

13-9
0.99

24.0

5-5
0.09

6-3
0.14

7-0
0.19

7-8
0.25

8-3
0.32

8-10
0.39

94
0.46

9-10
0.54

104
0.63

10-10
0.72

11-3
0.81

2x10

12.0

9-9
0.13

11-3
0.19

12-7
0.27

13-9
0.36

14-11
0.45

15-11
0.55

16-11
0.66

17-10
0.77

18-8

0.89

19-6

1.01

204
1.14

16.0

8-5
0.11

9-9
0.17

10-11
0.24

11-11
0.31

12-11
0.39

13-9
0.48

14-8
0.57

15-5
0.67

16-2

0.77

16-11
0.88

17-7
0.99

24.0

6-11
0.09

8-0
0.14

8-11
0.19

9-9

0.25

10-6
0.32

11-3
0.39

11-11
0.46

12-7
0.54

13-2
0.63

13-9
0.72

144
0.81

2x 12

12.0

11-10
0.13

13-8
0.19

154
0.27

16-9

0.36

18-1
0.45

194
0.55

20-6
0.66

21-8
0.77

22-8
0.89

23-9
1.01

24-8
1.14

16.0

10-3
0.11

11-10
0.17

13-3
0.24

14-6
0.31

15-8
0.39

16-9

0.48

17-9
0.57

18-9
0.67

19-8
0.77

20-6
0.88

21-5
0.99

24.0

8-5
0.09

9-8

0.14

10-10
0.19

11-10

0.25

12-10
0.32

13-8
0.39

14-6
0.46

154
0.54

16-1
0.63

16-9

0.72

17-5
0.81

(inches)

1400

1500

1600

1700

1800

1900

2000

2100

2200

2400

2x6

12.0

12-6
1.28

13-0
1.41

13-5
1.56

13-10
1.71

14-2
1.86

14-7
2.02

15-0
2.18

154
2.34

15-8
2.51

16-5
2.86

16.0

10-10
1.10

11-3
1.22

11-7
1.35

11-11
1.48

124
1.61

12-8

1.75

13-0
1.89

13-3
2.03

13-7
2.18

14-2
2.48

24.0

8-10
0.90

9-2
1.00

9-6

1.10

9-9
1.21

10-0
1.31

104
1.43

10-7
1.54

10-10
1.66

11-1
1.78

11-7
2.02

124
2.41

2x8

16-6
1.28

17-1
1.41

17-8
1.56

18-2
1.71

18-9
1.86

19-3
2.02

19-9
2.18

20-3
2.34

20-8
2.51

21-7
2.86

16.0

144
1.10

14-10
1.22

15-3
1.35

15-9
1.48

16-3
1.61

16-8
1.75

17-1
1.89

17-6
2.03

17-11
2.18

18-9
2.48

24.0

11-8
0.90

12-1
1.00

12-6
1.10

12-10
1.21

13-3
1.31

13-7
1.43

13-11
1.54

144
1.66

14-8
1.78

15-3
2.02

16-3
2.41

2x10

21-1
1.28

21-10
1.41

22-6
1.56

23-3
1.71

23-11
1.86

24-6
2.02

25-2
2.18

25-10
2.34

26-5
2.51

27-7
2.86

16.0

18-3
1.10

18-11
1.22

19-6
1.35

20-1
1.48

20-8
1.61

21-3
1.75

21-10
1.89

224
2.03

22-10
2.18

23-11
2.48

24.0

14-11
0.90

15-5
1.00

15-11
1.10

16-5
1.21

16-11
1.31

174
1.43

17-10
1.54

18-3
1.66

18-8
1.78

19-6
2.02

20-8
2.41

2x 12

25-7
1.28

26-6
1.41

27-5
1.56

28-3
1.71

29-1
1.86

29-10
2.02

30-7
2.18

314
2.34

32-1
2.51

33-6
2.86

16.0

22-2
1.10

23-0
1.22

23-9
1.35

24-5
1.48

25-2
1.61

25-10
1.75

26-6
1.89

27-2
2.03

27-10
2.18

29-1
2.48

24.0

18-1
0.90

18-9
1.00

19-4
1.10

20-0
1.21

20-6
1.31

21-1
1.43

21-8
1.54

22-2
1.66

22-8
1.78

23-9
2.02

25-2
2.41

For Si: 1 inch = 25.4
NOTE: The modulus

mm, 1 pound per square inch =
of elasticity, "E," in 1,000,000

6.895 kPa,
pounds per

1 pound per square foot =
square inch is shown oelow

.0479 kN/m2.
each span.

576

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR 3609

ROOF COVERINGS

3609.1 GENERAL

3609.1.1 Application: The provisions of 780 CMR
3609.1 shall control the design and construction of
roof coverings for all buildings. Roof coverings
shall be listed for their intended use. Materials for
which listing is not available shall be required to be
approved by the State Board of Building
Regulations and Standards in accordance -with
780 CMR 109.3.4.

3609.1.2 Requirements: The roof covering shall be
capable of accommodating the loads indicated in
780 CMR 3603.1 and provide a barrier against the
weather to protect supporting elements and the
structure beneath.

3609.1.3 Roofing covering materials: Roofs shall
be covered with materials as set forth in 780 CMR
3609.3 through 3609.9. Classified roofing shall
conform to UL 790, as listed in Appendix A, and
shall be installed when the edge of the roof is less
than three feet (914 mm) from a property line or as
required by city or town ordinance or bylaw. The
roofing materials set forth in 780 CMR 3609.4
through 3609.6 and concrete slabs may be accepted
as Class A roofing.

780 CMR 36092 DECK PREPARATION

3609.2.1 Supporting construction: Roofing shall
be applied only when the supporting roof
construction is clean and dry.

3609.2.2 Single layer underlayment: When a
single ply of underlayment is required, it shall be
laid parallel to the eaves with a two-inch (5 1 mm)
top lap and four-inch (102 mm) end lap nailed
sufficiently to hold in place.

360923 Multiple layer underlayment: When two
layers of underlayment are required, they shall be
laid shingle fashion parallel to the eaves with 19-
inch (483 mm) top lap and 12-inch (305 mm) end
lap, with end laps located at least six feet (1829 mm)
from end laps in the preceding course, and blind
nailed sufficiently to hold in place.

780 CMR 36093 ASPHALT SHINGLES

36093.1 General: Asphalt shingles shall be applied
only to solidly sheathed roofs Asphalt shingles shall
be applied according to the manufacturer's printed
instructions and 780 CMR 36.

36093.2 Slopes of four units vertical in 12 units
horizontal (33% slope) or greater: Asphalt
shingle roofs shall have an underlayment of not less
than one ply of No. 15 felt, applied as required in
780 CMR 3609.2 and Table 3609.3.4.

360933 Slopes less than four units vertical in 12
units horizontal (33% slope) but not less than two
units vertical in 12 units horizontal (17% slope):

Nominally double-coverage asphalt shingles may be
installed on slopes as low as two units vertical in 12
units horizontal (17% slope), provided the shingles
are approved self-sealing shingles or are hand sealed
and are installed with an underlayment consisting of
two layers of No. 15 felt, applied as required in
780 CMR 3609.2 and Table 3609.3.4. The two
layers of felt shall be cemented together, in addition
to the required nailin g from the eaves up the roof to
overlie a point 24 inches (610 mm) inside the
interior wall line of the building. Asphalt shingles
shall not be used on roofs with slopes less than two
units vertical in 12 units horizontal (17% slope).

36093.4 Fasteners: Asphalt shingles shall be
fastened according to the manufacturer's printed
instructions and Table 3609.3.4.

36093.5 Valley flashing: Roof valleys shall be
flashed by one of the methods listed in 780 CMR
3609.3.5.1 through 3609.3.5.3 Asphalt shingles
shall be applied according to the manufacturer's
printed instructions.

36093.5.1 Sheet metal: Open roof valleys may
be provided of not less than No. 28 gage
galvanized corrosion-resistant sheet metal and
shall extend at least eight inches (203 mm) from
the center line each way. Sections of flashing
shall be jointed to provide an adequate water lock.

9/19/97 (Effective 2/28/97) - corrected 780 CMR - Sixth Edition

591

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

TABLE 36093.4
ASPHALT SHINGLE APPLICATION

ROOF OF SLOPE

NOT PERMITTED BELOW 2:12

2:12 to less than 4:12 4:12 and over

DECK REQUIREMENT

Asphalt shingles shall be fastened to solidly sheathed roofs. Sheathing shall conform to Tables
3605.3.2.1.1a and 3608.3.3.2

UNDERLAYMENT
Temperate climate

Asphalt strip shingles may be installed on slopes as
low as two inches in twelve inches, provided the
shingles are approved self-sealing or are hand
sealed and are installed with an underlayment
consisting of two layers of nonperforated Type 15
felt applied shingle fashion. Starting with an 1 8-
inch-wide sheet and a 36-inch-wide sheet over the
eaves, each subsequent sheet shall be lapped 19
inches horizontally.

One layer nonperforated Type 15 felt lapped
two inches horizontally and four inches
vertically to shed water.

Severe climate:

In areas subject to wind-
driven snow or roof ice
buildup.

Same as for temperate climate, and additionally the
two layers shall be solid cemented together with
approved cementing material between the plies
extending from the eave up the roof to a line 24
inches inside the exterior wall line of the building.

Same as for temperature climate, except that
one layer No. 40 coated roofing or coated
glass base sheet shall be applied from the
eaves to a line 12 inches inside the exterior
wall line with all laps cemented together.

ATTACHMENT
Type of fasteners

Corrosion-resistant nails, minimum 12-gage %-inch head, or approved corrosion-resistant
staples, minimum 16-gage 'V 16 -inch-crown width.

Fasteners shall be long enough to penetrate into the sheathing 'A inch or through the thickness of
the sheathing, whichever is less.

No. of fasteners'

four per 36-40 inch strip
two per nine- 1 8-inch strip

Exposure

Field of roof

Per manufacturer's instructions included with packages of shingles.

Hips and ridges

Hip and ridge weather exposures shall not exceed those permitted for the field of the roof

Method

Per manufacturer's instructions included with packages of shingles.

FLASHINGS
Valleys
Other flashings

Per 780 CMR 3609.3.5

Per 780 CMR 3609.3.6 and 3609.3.7

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

1. Figures shown are for normal application. For special conditions such as mansard application and where roofs are

in special wind regions, shingles shall be attached per manufacturer's instructions.

3609.3.5.2 Roll roofing: Woven or closed
valleys may be constructed by centering 36-inch-
wide (914 mm) roll roofing material not less than
Type 50 in the valley over the underlayment.

36093.53 Multiple layer flashing: Roof valley
flashing may be of laced composition shingles,
applied in an approved manner, with an underlay
not less than 30-pound (14 kg) felt extending ten
inches (254 mm) from the center line each way, or
shall be of two layers of 90-pound (41 kg)
mineral-surfaced cap sheet cemented together
with the bottom layer not less than 12 inches (305
mm) wide laid face down and the top layer not
less than 24 inches (610 mm) wide laid face up.

36093.6 Side wall flashing: Flashing against a
vertical sidewall shall be by the step-flashing
method.

Exception: Other methods shall be permitted
when installed in accordance with the shingle
manufacturer's printed instructions.

36093.7 Other flashing: Flashings against vertical
front wall, as well as soil stack, vent pipe and
chimney flashing, shall be applied according to
asphalt shingle manufacturer's printed instructions.

36093.8 Hips and ridges: Hip and ridge shingles
shall be fastened according to the manufacturer's
printed instructions and Table 3609.3.4.

780 CMR 3609.4 SLATE SHINGLES

3609.4.1 General: Slate shingles shall be applied in
an approved manner and securely fastened with
corrosion-resistant nails or corrosion-resistant nails
and wire.

3609.4.2 Slate shingles: Slate shingles shall
conform to ASTM C406 as listed in Appendix A.
Slate shingles shall not be installed on roof slopes
below two units vertical in 12 units horizontal
(2:12). Double-layer No. 15 felt underlayment shall
be required on roof slopes below four units vertical
in 12 units horizontal (4:12). Single-layer No. 15
felt underlayment shall be required on all other
roof slopes. Slate shingles shall be secured to the
roof with two fasteners per slate. The minimum
slate headlap shall be three inches (76 mm).

3609.43 Valleys: Roof valley flashing shall be
provided of not less than No. 28 gage galvanized
corrosion-resistant sheet metal and shall extend at
least 1 1 inches (279 mm) from the center line each

592

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - ROOF COVERING

way and shall have a splash diverter rib not less than
one inch (25 mm) high at the flow line formed as
part of the flashing. Sections of flashing shall have
an end lap of not less than six inches (153 mm) and
shall be provided with an adequate water lock.

780 CMR 3609.5 METAL

3609.5.1 General: Flat sheets or shingles shall be
applied only to solid sheathed roofs. Metal roofing
shall be applied in an approved manner consistent
with the manufacturer's recommendations.

3609.5.2 Materials: Metal roofing shall conform to
AA ASM 35, or ASTM A 361 or B 209, as listed in
Appendix A.

3609.5.3 Metal shingles: Metal shingles shall not
be installed on roof slopes below four units vertical
in 12 units horizontal (4:12). Single-layer
underlayment of No. 30 felt is required for all
metal shingles other than flat metal shingles on all
roof slopes.

780 CMR 3609.6 TELE, CLAY OR
CONCRETE SHINGLES

3609.6.1 Attachment: All roof tile shall be securely
fastened with corrosion-resistant nails or corrosion-
resistant nails and wire, or other approved means.

3609.6.2 Interlocking clay or cement tile:
Interlocking clay or cement tile shall be installed
only over solid sheathing or spaced structural
sheathing boards. Interlocking clay or cement tile
shall not be installed on roof slopes below four
units vertical in 12 units horizontal (4:12).
Horizontal battens shall be required on roof slopes
over seven units vertical in 12 units horizontal
(7:12). Single-layer underlayment is required over
solid sheathing on all roof slopes. Reinforced
underlayment shall be required where spaced
sheathing is installed Regardless of roof slope, the
first three tile courses and all tile within three feet
(914 mm) of roof edges, changes in roof slope or
changes in slope direction, shall be fastened to the
roof. For the field of the roof, fastening is not
required on roof slopes below five units vertical in
12 units horizontal (5:12); every tile course shall be
fastened on roof slopes five units vertical in 12
units horizontal (5:12) to less than 12 units vertical
in 12 units horizontal (12:12); and every tile shall
be fastened on roof slopes 12 units vertical in 12
units horizontal (12:12) and over. Tile overlap
shall be in accordance with approved
manufacturer's installation instructions.

3609.6.3 Noninterlocking clay or cement tile:
Noninterlocking clay or cement tile shall not be
installed on roof slopes below 2'A units vertical in
12 units horizontal (2'A:12). Double-layer
underlayment is required on roof slopes below
three units vertical in 12 units horizontal (3:12).

Single-layer underlayment is required on all other
roof slopes. Noninterlocking clay or cement tile
shall be secured to the roof with two fasteners per
tile. The minimum tile overlap shall be three
inches (76 mm).

3609.6.4 Tile lugs: Tile with projection anchor lugs
at the bottom of the tile shall be held in position by
means of one-inch-by-two-inch wood (25 mm by 51
mm) stripping, treated to resist moisture
deterioration, nailed to the roof sheathing over the
underlayment or other approved means.

3609.6.5 Nailing and flashing: Nailing and valley
flashing shall be the same as required for slate
shingles.

780 CMR 3609.7 BUELT-UP ROOFING

3609.7.1 Decking: Built-Up roofing shall be
applied only to solid surface roof decks.

3609.7.2 Materials: Built-Up roofing shall conform
to UL 5 5 A as listed in Appendix A .

3609.7.3 Underlayment: An underlayment of one
layer sheathing paper is required under built-up
roofing assemblies when the roof deck is constructed
of sheathing boards Underlayment is to be applied as
specified in 780 CMR 3609.2.

3609.7.4 Base ply: On nailable decks, a base ply is
to be fastened to the deck in accordance with the
manufacturer's published specifications and Table
3609.3.4

3609.7.4.1 Nonnailable decks: On nonnailable
decks, cast-in-place concrete or precast concrete,
a base ply required by manufacturer's
specification shall be cemented or spot mopped to
a primed deck as required by the type of deck
material, using not less than 20 pounds (9.1 kg)
per square of hot asphalt for solid mopping, or not
less than ten pounds (4.5 kg) per square for spot
mopping, or not less than 1 Vi gallons (5.7 L) per
square of cold bituminous compound, or 25
pounds (1 1 kg) per square of coal-tar pitch, in
accordance with the manufacturer's published
specifications. If a base ply is not used, a
minimum of three roofing plies applied shingle
fashion shall be solidly cemented to the primed
deck and cemented together, using no less
cementing material than that specified for a
solidly cemented base ply.

3609.7.4.2 Insulated decks: On insulated decks,
a vapor retarder shall be installed between the
deck and the insulation. Insulation shall be of a
rigid type suitable for application of a roof
covering. The insulation must be properly
attached using mechanical fasteners Type II or
Type HI asphalt in accordance with ASTM D 3 12,
as listed in Appendix A. and installed in

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

accordance with the manufacturer 's published ply
specifications. The insulation may be taped if
required. A base ply required by the
manufacturer's specification shall be solidly
cemented to the insulation, using no less
cementing material than that specified for a
solidly cemented base ply to a primed nonnailable
deck. If a base ply is not used, a minimum of
three roofing plies applied shingle fashion shall be
solidly cemented to the insulation and cemented
together, using no less cementing material than
that specified for a solidly cemented base ply.

3609.7.5 Membrane over base ply: A minimum of
two successive layers of roofing plies shall be
solidly cemented shingle fashion to the base ply,
using no less cementing material than that specified
for a solidly cemented base ply.

3609.7.6 Surfacing: The built-up roofing assembly
shall be surfaced by one of the methods described in
780 CMR 3609.7.6.1 and 3609.7.6.2.

3609.7.6.1 Mineral aggregate roofs: Mineral
aggregate surfaced roofs shall be surfaced with
not less than 60 pounds (27 kg) of hot asphalt or
75 pounds (34 kg) of coal-tar pitch in which is
embedded not less than 400 pounds (181 kg) of
gravel or 300 pounds (136 kg) of crushed slag per
roofing square.

3609.7.6.2 Mineral-surfaced cap roofs: Mineral-
surfaced cap sheets shall be cemented to the
roofing plies using no less cementing material
than specified for between the plies.

780 CMR 3609.8 WOOD SHINGLES

3609.8.1 Sheathing requirements: Wood shingles
shall be applied to roofs with solid or spaced
sheathing. Spaced sheathing boards shall not be less
than one inch by four inch (25 mm by 102 mm)
nominal dimensions and shall be spaced on centers
a distance equal to the actual weather exposure of
the shingles, not to exceed the dimensions set forth
in Table 3609.8 3.3.

3609.8.2 Materials: Wood shingle roofing shall
conform to CSSB "Grading and Packing Rules for
Centigrade Red Cedar Shingles," as listed in
Appendix A.

3609.83 Installation: Wood shingles shall be laid
with a side lap of not less than 1 Vn inches (38 mm).
Joints in adjacent courses shall be offset a minimum
of 1 Vz inches (38 mm) and no two joints in alternate
courses shall be in direct alignment. Spacing
between shingles shall not be less than % inch (6.4
mm) or more than % inch (9.5 mm). Wood shingles
shall be fastened to the sheathing in accordance with
Table 3609. 8.3.

3609.8.3.1 Roof slope: Shingles shall not be
installed on a roof having a slope less than three
units vertical in 12 units horizontal (25% slope)
On roofs having slopes of three units vertical in
12 units horizontal (25% slope) to less than four
units vertical in 12 units horizontal (33% slope),
shingles shall be installed with reduced exposures
or they shall be installed over an underlayment of
not less than one ply of No. 15 felt, applied as
required in 780 CMR 3609.2.

3609.83.2 Valley flashing: Roof valley flashing
shall not be less than No. 28 gage corrosion-
resistant sheet metal and shall extend ten inches
(254 mm) from the center line each way for roofs
having slopes less than 12 units vertical in 12
units horizontal (100% slope) and seven inches
(178 mm) from the center line each way for slopes
of 12 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (100%)
slope) and greater. Sections of flashing shall have
an end lap of not less than four inches (102 mm).

3609.833 Weather exposure: Weather
exposures shall not exceed those set forth in Table
3609.8.3.3. Hip and ridge weather exposures
shall not exceed those permitted for the field of
the roof. Wood shingle hip and ridge units shall
conform to CSSB "Grading Rules for Shake Hip
and Ridge based on the Standards of the Cedar
Shake and Shingle Bureau," as listed in
Appendix A. Nails used to fasten hip and ridge
units shall be longer than those used in the field of
the roof in order to penetrate the sheathing 3 A-
inch (19 mm) minimum.

3609.83.4 Label required: Each bundle of
shingles shall be identified by a label of an
approved grading or inspection bureau or agency.

780 CMR 3609.9 WOOD SHAKES
3609.9.1 Sheathing requirements: Wood shakes
shall be applied to roofs with solid or spaced
sheathing. Spaced sheathing boards shall not be less
than one-inch-by-four-inch (25 mm by 102 mm)
nominal dimensions for shakes installed at
maximum 7 14-inch (1 90 mm) exposures and shall be
spaced on centers a distance equal to the actual
weather exposure of the shakes, not to exceed the
dimensions set forth in Table 3609.8.3.3. For 24-
inch (610 mm) shakes used in ten-inch (254 mm)
exposure, the spaced sheathing shall be either one-
inch-by-four-inch (25 mm by 102 mm) nominal
dimension board spaced on centers a distance equal
to the weather exposure with an additional one-inch-
by-four-inch (25 mm by 102 mm) board placed
between these boards, or one-inch-by-six-inch (25
mm by 1 53 mm) nominal dimension boards spaced
on centers a distance equal to the weather exposure.
The shakes shall be applied over an underlayment as
required in Table 3609.8.3.

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12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - CHIMNEYS, FIREPLACES AND

SOLID FUEL-FIRED APPLIANCES

The requirements of 780 CMR 3610.2.14 shall
not eliminate the requirement for noncombustible
firestopping in accordance with 780 CMR
3610.2.15.

3610.2.15 Chimney firestopping: See 780 CMR
3606.2.7.

3610.2.16 Chimney crickets Chimney shall be
provided with . crickets when the dimension
parallel to the ridgeline is greater than 30 inches
(762 mm) and does not intersect the ridgeline.
The intersection of the cricket and the chimney
shall be flashed and counterflashed in the same
manner as normal roof-chimney intersections.
Crickets shall be constructed in conformity with
Figure 3610.2.16 and Table 3610.2.16.

3610.4 Masonry fireplaces, general: Masonry
fireplaces shall conform to the requirements of
780 CMR 3610.4.1 through 3610.4.7.

Note: Masonry fireplaces may be prescriptively
constructed or may be of the "Rumford" type or
may be of contemporary design; refer,
additionally to the BOCA National Mechanical
Code; Brick Institute of America, Technical Notes
and NFPA 21 1 as listed in Appendix A - also see
Figures 3610.4.1a, lb, lc, Id,, le, If and lg.

3610.4.1 Fireplace support: Fireplace
foundations and supporting walls shall be
anchored, supported and reinforced as required in
780 CMR 3610.4.1 through 3610.4.7, Table
3610.4.1, Figure 3610.4.1a and the applicable
provisions of 780 CMR 3603 and 3604.

Figure 3610.2.16
CHIMNEY CRICKET

Table 3610.2.16
CRICKET DIMENSIONS

ROOF SLOPE

12-12

1/2. of W '

8-12

1/3 of W

6-12

1/4 of W

4-12

1/6 of W

3-12

1/8 of W

3510.3 Factory-built chimneys, general: Factory-
built chimneys shall be tested and listed to UL-103
or CAN/ULC-S629-M87 as found in Appendix A
and shall be installed, operated and maintained in
accordance with the conditions of their listing and
the manufacturer's requirements. Factory-built
chimneys that are listed as part of an assembly with
factory-built fireplaces shall conform to 780 CMR
3610.5.1.

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Exception: Masonry fireplaces other than
those that are prescriptively constructed shall
comply with the requirements of 780 CMR
3610.4.1 through 3610.4.7,but may be of a
design other than shown in Figure 3610.4.1a -
also see Figures 3610.4.1b, lc, Id,, le, If and

lg-

Foundations for masonry fireplaces and
their chimneys shall be constructed of concrete
or solid masonry at least 12 inches (305 mm)
thick and extend at least six inches (153 mm)
beyond the face of the fireplace or supporting
wall on all sides. Footings shall be founded on
natural undisturbed earth or engineered fill
below frost depth. In areas not subjected to
freezing, footings shall be at least 12 inches
(305 mm) below finished grade.

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780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

Table 3610.4.1
REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY FIREPLACES AND CHIMNEYS

ITEM

LETTER 1

REQUIREMENTS

Hearth slab thickness

Hearth extension
(each side of opening)

8" fireplace opening < 6 sq. ft.
12" fireplace opening z 6 sq. ft.

Hearth extension
(front of opening)

16" fireplace opening < 6 sq. ft.
20" fireplace opening i 6 sq. ft

Hearth slab reinforcing

Reinforced as necessary to carry its own weight
and all imposed loads

Thickness of wall of firebox

1 0" solid brick or 8" where a firebrick lining is
used. Joints in firebrick 1/4" max.

Distance from top of opening to throat

Smoke chamber edge of shelf
Rear wall - thickness
Front wall - thickness

6"
8"

Chimney
Vertical reinforcing

Seismic load reinforcement not required in

Massachusetts

Horizontal reinforcing

Seismic load reinforcement not required in
Massachusetts

Bond beams

No specified requirements

Fireplace lintel

Noncombustible material

Walls with flue lining

Refer to 780 CMR 36 10.2.8

Walls with unlined flue

Unlined chimneys are not allowed to be
constructed in Massachusetts

Distances between adjacent flues

Refer to 780 CMR 361 0.2..9

Effective flue area
(based on area of fireplace opening)

Refer to 780 CMR 3610.2.10 and 3610.2.1 1

Clearances
Wood frame and
combustible material

Above roof

Refer to 780 CMR 3610.2.14 and 3610.4.7
2' at 10' (780 CMR 3610.2.5)

Anchorage

Refer to 780 CMR 3610.4.1 and Figure
3610.4.1a

Footing
Thickness

Width

12"min.

6" each side of fireplace wall

For SI: 1 inch = 304.8 mm.

I. The letters in this column refer to Figure 3610.4.1a

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780 CMR - Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - CHIMNEYS, FIREPLACES AND

SOLID FUEL-FIRED APPLIANCES

Figure 3610.4.1a
FIREPLACE AND CHIMNEY DETAILS

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TO FOOTING OOWELS
i / ^POOTWC WIDTH g-

^BaAoWo FREE

STANDING FIREPLACE

'." \X\NX— NATURAL

CONCRETT

roonw;

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780 CMR - Sixth Edition

603

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

Figures 3610.4.1b through 3610.4.1g
TYPICAL FIREPLACE DETAILS

1-12" U1N.

Figure 3 10.4. Id
RUMFORD REQUIREMENTS

604

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2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - CHIMNEYS, FIREPLACES AND

SOLID FUEL-FIRED APPLIANCES

3610.4.2 Seismic reinforcing: Not applicable in
Massachusetts.

3610.4.2.1 Seismic anchorage: Not applicable

in Massachusetts.

3610.43 Fireplace walls: Masonry fireplaces
shall be constructed of solid masonry units, stone
or reinforced concrete in accordance with Figure
3610.4.1a. When a lining of firebrick at least two
inches (5 1 mm) in thickness is provided, the total
thickness of back and sides, including the lining,
shall not be less than eight inches (203 mm).
When no lining is provided, the thickness of back
and sides shall not be less than ten inches (254
mm).

3610.43.1 Walls, steel fireplace units: Steel
fireplace units shall be listed in accordance
with UL 127 as found in Appendix A and shall
be installed, operated and maintained
according to their listing, the manufacturer's
requirements and any applicable requirements
of 780 CMR. Such fireplaces incorporating a
fire box liner of not less than Vi inch (6.4 mm)
in thickness and an air chamber, may be
installed with masonry to provide a total
thickness at the back and sides of not less than
eight inches (203 mm), of which not less than
four inches (102 mm) shall be of solid
masonry. Warm-air ducts employed with steel
fireplace units of the circulating air type shall
be constructed of metal or masonry.

3610.4.4 Lintel: Masonry over a fireplace
opening shall be supported by a lintel of
noncombustible material. The minimum required
bearing length on each end of the fireplace
opening shall be four inches (102 mm).

3610.4.5 Hearth extension material: Hearth
extensions shall be of masonry or concrete at least

four inches (102 mm) thick and supported by
noncombustible materials and reinforced to carry
its own weight and all imposed loads. The hearth
extension shall be readily distinguishable from the
surrounding floor. Combustible forms and centers
used during the construction of the hearth
extension shall be removed after the construction
is complete.

Exception: When the bottom of the firebox
opening is raised at least eight inches (203
mm) above the top of the hearth extension, a
hearth extension of not less than % inch-thick
(9.51 mm) brick, concrete, stone, tile or other
approved noncombustible material may be
used.

3610.4.6 Hearth extension: The hearth and the
hearth extension shall extend a minimum of 36
inches (914 mm) from the back of the firebox to
the end of the hearth extension. Hearth
extensions shall extend at least 16 inches (406
mm) in front of, and at least eight inches (203
mm) beyond, each side of the fireplace opening.
Where the fireplace opening is six square feet
(0.557 m2) or larger, the hearth extension shall
extend at least 20 inches (508 mm) in front of, and
at least 12 inches (305 mm) beyond, each side of
the fireplace opening.

3610.4.7 Fireplace clearance: Wood or
combustible framing shall not be placed within
two inches (51 mm) of the outside face of a
masonry fireplace and not less than six inches
(153 mm) from the inside surface of the nearest
flue lining. Wood framing and other combustible
material shall not be placed within two inches (5 1
mm) of the back surface of a masonry fireplace.
See Figures 3610.4.7a and 7b.

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605

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

Figure 3610.4.7a

CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS FOR A TYPICAL MASONRY FIREPLACE

IN A WOOD FRAME WALL

j- WIN. CLEARANCE FROM COMBUSTIBLES

HEARTH EXTENSION

Figure 3610.4.7b
REQUIRED CLEARANCES FROM AMSONRY FIREPLACE TO COMBUSTIBLES

SUOKE CHAMBER

COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL
PROJECTING MORE
THAN 1 1/2"

FIREPLACE WALL

3610.5 Factory-built fireplaces, general: Factory-
built fireplaces shall conform to the requirements of
780 CIvIR 3610.5.1 through 3610.5.4.

3610.5.1 Installation: Factory-built fireplaces
that consist of a fire chamber assembly, one or
more chimney sections, a roof assembly and other
parts shall be tested and listed to UL-127 as found
in Appendix A. Such fireplaces may be installed
when complying with all the following
provisions:

1 . The fire chamber assembly is installed to
provide clear clearance to combustible
materials not less than set forth in the listing.

2. The chimney sections are installed to
provide clearance to combustible material not
less than specified in the listing and if the
fireplace chimney extends through floors and

ceilings, factory-furnished firestops or firestop
spacers shall be installed. Portions of chimneys
which extend through rooms or closets are to
be enclosed to avoid personal contact, contact
of combustible material, and damage to the
chimney.

3. Hearth extensions shall not be less than %-

inch-thick (9.5 mm) millboard, hollow metal,

stone, tile or other approved noncombustible

material. Such hearth extensions may be

placed on combustible subflooring or finish

flooring. The hearth extension shall be readily

distinguished from the surrounding floor.

Note: Where floor protection underneath, to

the sides, back or in front of factory-built

fireplaces is required via testing/listing

and/or manufacturer's requirments, refer to

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12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

ONE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS - CHIMNEYS, FIREPLACES AND

SOLID FUEL-FIRED APPLIANCES

floor protector requirements of 780 CMR
3610.6.7.1 and 3610.6,7,1,1.

4. Hearth extensions shall extend not less than
1 6 inches (406 mm) in front of and at least
eight inches (203 mm) beyond both sides of the
fireplace opening.

Exception: Where tested/listed extensions
are identified, such hearth extension shall be
allowed and required.

5. Factory-built fireplaces shall be installed in
accordance with their listing and the
manufacturer's installation instructions.

6. The supporting structure for a hearth
extension shall be at the same level as the
supporting structure for the fire place unit
unless otherwise authorized by the listing.

3610.6 Solid fuel burning appliances

3610.6.1 Solid fuel-fired appliances, general:

Solid fuel-fired appliances employed for comfort
heating include, but are not limited to, room
heaters and stoves, fireplace inserts, furnaces and
boilers; additionally, the fuel for such appliances
includes, but is not limited to: wood and wood
pellets, coal and various other solid fuels such as
nut shells and com, etc. Solid fuel-burning
appliances shall be tested and listed by approved
agencies and installed, operated and maintained in
accordance with such listing, the manufacturers'
requirements and otherwise conform to the
requirements of 780 CMR 3610.6.

Note 1: No solid fuel-burning appliance shall
be installed in Massachusetts unless such
appliance conforms to all applicable
requirements of 780 CMR 3610.6, including
the testing and listing of all clearances to
combustibles and identification of required
floor protection.

Note 2: In the absence of explicit requirements
of 780 CMR 3610.6, the applicable
requirements of NFPA 21 1 and/or the BOCA
National Mechanical Code, as listed in
Appendix A, shall apply.

3610.6.1.1 Listing standards, Room heaters,
stoves and fireplace inserts: Room heaters,
stoves and fireplace stoves (inserts), employed
for comfort heating shall be listed and tested to
UL 1482 and/or ANSI/UL 737 as found in
Appendix A and as applicable; all such
appliances shall bear labeling as required in
780 CMR 3610.6.2 or 3610.6.3 as applicable.

3610.6.1.2 Listing standards, all pellet fueled
solid fuel-burning appliances: All pellet
solid fuel-burning appliances sold for use in
Massachusetts shall conform to 780 CMR
3610.6.1.1 and additionally comply with the
certification program set forth by the State
Board of Buildina Relations and Standards

(for pellet appliance certification information,
contact the State Board of Building
Regulations and Standards).

Note: Commencing January 1, 1998, all
pellet solid fuel-burning appliances shall be
tested and listed to ASTM E 1509 as found
in Appendix A and shall bear such labeling
as required in 780 CMR 3610.6.2

3610.6.2 Solid fuel-burning appliance labeling
(not central heating appliances): Every solid
fuel-burning appliance utilized for comfort
heating shall bear a permanent and legible
factory-applied label supplied to the manufacturer
and controlled by an approved testing agency;
such label shall contain the following information:

1 . Manufacturer's name and trademark;

2. Model and/or identification number of the
appliance;

3. Type(s) of fuel(s) approved;

4. Testing laboratory's name or trademark
and location;

5. Date tested;

6. Clearances to combustibles

(a) Above top

(b) From front

(d) From sides

7. Floor protection

8. National test standard(s)

9. Label serial number

3610.6.3 Solid fuel-burning central heating
appliance labeling: Every solid fuel-burning
boiler or warm air furnace shall bear a permanent
and legible factory-applied label supplied to the
manufacturer and controlled by an approved
testing agency; such label shall contain the
following information:

1 . Manufacturer's name and trademark;

2. Model and/or identification number of the
appliance;

3. Type(s) of fuel(s) approved;

4. Testing laboratory's name or trademark
and location;

5. Date tested;

6. Clearances to combustibles

(a) Above top

(b) From front

(d) From sides

7. Floor protection if applicable

8. National test standard(s)

9. Label serial number

10. Type of appliance (boiler or warm air
furnace)

1 1 . Every boiler, pressure vessel, or pressure
relief device must be stamped in accordance
with the requirements of the ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code. ASME stamping shall
also be required for boilers, pressure vessels

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THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

and pressure relief devices produced outside
the United State of America. Where required
by the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code, ASME stamping may be affixed directly
to the appliance in lieu of on the data plate.

3610.6.3 Hazardous locations: Solid fuel-
burning appliances shall not be installed in
hazardous locations (any location considered to be
a fire hazard for flammable vapors, dust,
combustible fibers or other highly combustible
substances).

Exception: solid fuel-fired appliances listed
for such locations.

3610.6.4 Air for combustion and ventilation:

Solid fuel-burning appliances shall be installed in
a location and manner to assure satisfactory
combustion of fuel, proper chimney draft and
maintenance of safe operating temperatures.
Combustion air may be obtained from interior
spaces when the interior space containing the
appliance has a volume, in cubic feet equal to
one-twentieth (1/20) of the output Btu rating of
all fuel-burning appliances in the space. When

buildings are so tight as to preclude adequate
infiltration, provisions shall be made to introduce
outside air for combustion and ventilation.

3610.6..5 Chimney connection: All solid fuel-
burning appliances shall be connected to
chimneys in accordance with their listing, the
manufacturer's requirements and the requirements
of780CMR36.

Exception: Solid fuel-burning appliances listed
for exhaust vent termination other than through
a chimney.

3610.6.5.1 Chimney connector clearance to
combustibles: See 780 CMR Table 3610.6.5.1.

3610.6.5.2 Chimney flue size: For solid fuel-
burning comfort heating appliances for one-
and two family use, the cross-sectional area of
the flue shall not be less than the cross-
sectional area of the appliance flue collar. The
cross-sectional area of the flue shall not be
more than three times the cross-sectional area
of the flue collar of the appliance.

■ U

Table 3610..6.5.1
CHIMNEY AND/OR VENT CONNECTOR CLEARANCES TO
COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS/SOLID FUEL-BURNING APPLIANCES ONLY

Description of Appliance

Connector Type

Minimum

Clearance

(in)

Minimum

Clearance

(mm)

Residential-Type Appliances

Single-wall Metal Pipe
Connector

457

Residential-Type Appliances

Type L Vent Piping
Connector

229

Low-heat Appliances

Boilers. Furnaces. Water Heaters

Single-wall Metal Pipe
Connector

457

Medium-Heat Appliances

Single-wall Metal Pipe
Connector

914

High-Heat Appliances

Masonry or Metal
Connector

Note 3

1 . For greater detail and guidance, refer to NFPA 211, Section 6-5.

2. For Chimney Connectors tested and listed for other clearances to combustibles, such tested, listed
clearances shall apply.

3. Clearances shall be based on engineering calculations and, good engineering practice - Refer to NFPA
211, Section 6-5

608

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

2/7/97 (Effective 2/28/97)

APPENDIX A

REFERENCED STANDARDS
Parti

The following is a listing of the standards referenced in 780 CMR, the effective date of the standard, the
promulgating agency of the standard and the section(s) of 780 CMR that refer to the standard.

AA Aluminum Association

900 19th Street, N.W.
Suite 300
Washington, D.C. 20006

Standard reference
number

Referenced in

780 CMR Section

number

ASM 35-80 Specification for Aluminum Sheet Metal Work in Building Construction 2002.1, 3609.5.2

SAS 30-94 Specification for Aluminum Structures 2002.1, 3608.4.3

AAMA American Architectural Manufactures Association

Suite 310

1540 Dundee Road
Palatine, IL 60067

Standard reference
number

Referenced in

780 CMR Section

number

1402-86 Standard Specifications for Aluminum Siding, Soffit and Fascia 1405.3.4

101-88 Voluntary Specification for Aluminum Prime Windows and Glass Doors 3606.8.1. 3606.9.1

AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

444 North Capitol Street, N.W.
Suite 225
Washington, D.C. 20001

. , , Referenced in

Standard reference Tjtle 780 CMR Section

number

HB-15-92 Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges 1606.1.1

ACI American Concrete Institute

P.O. Box 19150
Detroit, Michigan 48219

Referenced in
Standard reference Tjtle 780 CMR Section

number number

318-95 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete 1705.6.1, 1705.6.2, 1705.6.4

Table 1705.6.3", 1810.2,

1810.6,1815.2.3, 1821.3.6,

1901.1,1901.2,1903.1,

1903.4, 1903.5.2, 1904.1,

1904.2, 1904.2.3

1906.1,1906.2,1906.4.2,

1906.5.1, 1906.6.1, 1906.7,

1907.1.3, 1907.1.4, 1908.1,

1908.2, 1908.2.1, 1908.3.1,

1908.3.4, 1908.5.2, 1908.8.2,

1910.1, 1910.3.1, 1910.5,

1910.6.2, 1910.6.5, 3604.4.1

336 Concrete Code 1815.4,1815.7

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97) 780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

. . , Referenced in

Standard reference _... ,..„.„. .

, Title 780 CMR Section

number .

number

318.1-89 Building Code Requirements for Structural Plain Concrete-with 1 992 Revisions. 1810.2, 1812.3.2,

1901.2, 1904.1,
1904.2,3604.4.1

506.2-90 Specification for Materials, Proportioning, and Application of Shortcrete 191 1.9

ACI 530/ASCE Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures 707.3

5/ TMS402-95 1 8 1 2.3 .2, Table 1 8 1 2.3 .2,

2101.1.1,2101.1.2,2104.2,

2104.2.1,2104.3,2104.4,

2106.3.1,3604.4.1,3606.4.1

ACI 530.1/ Specifications for Masonry Structures Table 1705.7,

ASCE6/TMS 2112.1.1

602-95

AFPA

American Forest and Paper Association
1111 19™ Street, NW, Suite 800
Washington, D.C. 20036

Standard reference

Title

Referenced in

number

780 CMR Section

number

NDS-91

TR-7

(National Design) Specification for Wood Construction Design Values

for Wood Construction 3608.2.2, 2312.1, 2312.4,

2313.3.1,2313.3.2

Basic Requirements for Permanent Wood Foundations Systems 3603.22.3.4

AHA

American Hardboard Association
520 N. Hicks Road
Palatine, Illinois 60067

Referenced in
Title 780 CMR Section

number

Basic Hardboard 1405.3.1

Hardboard Siding 1405.3.2, 2309.7,

Table 3607.3.4

Cellulosic Fiber Board 2309.1,

, Table 3606.2.3(a)

Standard reference

A135.4-95
Al 3 5.6-90

A194.1-85

AISC American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc.

Suite 3100

One East Wacker Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60601-2001

Standard Referenced in

reference Title 780 CMR Section

number number

ASD-89 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings - Allowable Stress Design and

Plastic Design Table 1705.5.2, 2203.1,

2203.5,2208.1
LFRD-93 Load and Resistance Factor Design Specifications for Structural Steel

Buildings Table 1705.5.2, 2203.1,

2203.5,2208.1
AISC-92 Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings 2203.2, 2203.2.1

780 CMR -Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

APPENDDC A

AISI American Iron and Steel Institute

Suite 1300

1010 17th Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036-4700

Standard reference _. . Referenced in

number 780 CMR Section number

AISI-73 Criteria for Structural Applications of Steel Cables for Buildings 2207.2

CFSD-ASD-86 Specification for Design of Cold- Formed Steel Structural Members -

with 1989 Addendum 2206.1, 2206.3 2206.3.1

CFSD-LRFD-91 Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Cold-Formed

Steel Structural Members 2206.1, 2206.3, 2206.3.1

ATTC American Institute of Timber Construction

Suite 407

1818 S. E. Mill Plain Blvd.
Vancouver, Washington 98684

Referenced in
Title 780 CMR Section

number

108-93 Standard for Heavy Timber Construction 2304.1

109-90 Standard for Preservative treatment of Structural Glued Laminated Timber 2313.1.1

1 12-93 Standard for Tongue and Groove Heavy Timber Roof Decking 2304.1

117-93 Standard Specifications for Structural Glued Laminated Timber of Softwood

Species (Design) 2304.1

1 19-96 Standard Specifications for Hardwood Glued Laminated Timber 2304.1

A190.1-92 Structural Glued Laminated Timber 2304.1

Standard reference
number

ANSI American National Standards Institute

11 West 42nd Street
New York, New York 10036

Referenced in
Title 780 CMR Section

number

A 108. 1-92 Specifications for the installation of Ceramic Tile with Portland Cement

Mortar 2105.10, 3607.2.4

Al 08.4-92 Installation of Ceramic Tile with Organic Adhesives or Water Cleanable Tile

Setting Epoxy Adhesive 2105.10.7, 3607.2.4

A108.5-92 Installation of Ceramic Tile with Dry-Set Portland Cement Mortar or Latex-
Portland Cement Mortar 2105.10.1, 2105.10.3,

3607.2.4
Al 08.6-92 Installation of Ceramic Tile with Chemical Resistant, Water Cleanable Tile

Setting and Grouting Epoxy 2105.10.4 3607.2.4

A 108.7-92 Specifications for Electrically Conductive Ceramic Tile Installed with

Conductive Dry-Set Portland Cement Mortar 2105.10.2,

A117.1 426.14

Al 08.8-92 Installation of Ceramic Tile with Chemical Resistant Furan Mortar and Grout. 2105.10.5

A108.9-92 Installation of Ceramic Tile with Modified Epoxy Emulsion Mortar/Grout ". . . 2105.10.6

A108.10-92 Installation of Grout in Tilework 2105.10.8

A108.1 1-90 Installation of Interior Cementitious Backer Units 3607.2.4

All 8.1-92 Specifications for Dry-Set Portland Cement Mortar 2105.10.1,3607.2.4

Al 18.2-92 Specifications for Conductive Dry-Set Portland Cement Mortar 2105.10.2

Al 18.3-92 Specifications for Chemical Resistant Water Cleanable Tile Setting and

Grouting Epoxy and Water Cleanable Tile Setting Epoxy Adhesive 2105.10.4,3607.2.4

Al 18.4-92 Specifications for Latex-Portland Cement Mortar 2105.10.3

Al 18.5-92 Specifications for Chemical Resistant Furan 2105.10.5

A118.6-92 Specifications for Ceramic Tile Grouts 2105.10.8

All 8.8-92 Specifications for Modified Epoxy Emulsion Mortar/Grout 2105.10.6

A 136. 1 -92 Specification for Organic Adhesives for Installation of Ceramic Tile. Types

I and U 2105.10.7, 3607.2.4

A137.1-88 Specifications for Ceramic Tile 2105.4, 3607.2.4

Standard reference
number

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

651

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

_ . . , Referenced in

Standard reference Tjtle 780 CMR Section

number number

A208.1-93 Wood Particleboard 2308.1, 2308.2,

3605.3.3.1,
3606.11.1,3608.3.3.1
Z97.1-84 Safety Performance Specifications and Methods of Test for Safety Glazing

Materials Used in Buildings 2406.1, 3603.20.1,

3603.20.4.1.1
Z21 .66-85 Electrically Operated Automatic Vent Damper Devices for Use with Gas-fired

Appliances 3621.2.2.2

NWWDA Industry Standard for Wood Window Units 3606.8.1

I.S.2-87

NWWDA Industry Standard for Wood Sliding Doors 3606.9.1

I.S.3-88

APA

American Plywood Association
P.O. Box 11700
Tacoma,WA 98411

Standard reference
number

Referenced in

780 CMR Section

number

E30-90

Design and Construction Guide: Residential and Commercial 3608.3.2.3

ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers

345 East 47th Street
New York, NY 10017

. , . Referenced in

Standard reference _.. ,„„.... ..

, Title 780 CMR Section

number ,

number

ASCE 3-84 Specifications for the Design and Construction of Composite Slabs 2206.1.1

ASCE 5/ACI Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures 707.3, 1705.7,

S30mvIS 402-95 Table 1705.7, 1812.3.2

Table 1812.3.2,

2101.1.1,2104.2,

2104.3,2104.4,

2106.3.1

ASCE 6/ACI Specifications for Masonry Structures 21 12.1.1

530.1/TMS 602-95

ASCE 7-95 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures 1604.2, 1605.1, 161 1.12,

1611.12.2
ASCE 8-SSD- Specifications for Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural
LRFD/ASD-90 Members 2206.1. 2206.3. 2206.3.1

ASHRAE American Society of Heating,

Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers
1791 Tullie Circle, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30329-2305

Standard reference
number

Referenced in

780 CMR Section

number

90.1-1989 Energy Code for Commercial and High Rise Residential Buildings 1314.5.2

652

780 CMR -Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

APPENDIX A

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers

345 East 47th Street
New York, New York 10017

. , Referenced in

Standard reference Tjt|e 780 CMR Section

number number

A13.1-81(85) Scheme for Identification of Piping Systems 416.15.3

B3 1.3-93 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping 416.15

ASTM American Society for Testing Materials

1916 Race Street
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103

Standard

780 CMR Section number

_. . Referenced in

reference Title

number

A6-95c Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Steel Plates, Shapes, Sheet

Piling, and Bars for Structural Use Table 1 705.5.2

A36-94 Specification for Structural Steel 1818.1, 2105.9.5,

3606.4.14

A82-95 Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement 2105.9.2, 2105.9.5,

3606.4.14

A153-95 Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware 2105.9.6,

Table 3606.4.14.1
A167-94a Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium-Nickel steel Plate,

Sheet, and Strip 2105.9.2, 2105.9.5,

2105.9.6, 3604.. 14,
Table 3606.4.14.1
Al 85-94 Specification for Steel Welded Wire Fabric, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement

2105.9.4, 2105.9.5

{Note: ASTMA256 - 82 has been discontinued and not replaced by ASTM)

A252-93 Specification for Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe Piles 1818.1,1819.1

A283-93a Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates 1818.1, 1819.1

A361-94 Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) by Hot-Dip Process for

Roofing and Siding 1507.3.7, 3609.5.2

A366-91 Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, Cold-Rolled Commercial Quality 2105.9.5

A41 6-94a Specification for Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven Wire for Prestressed Concrete 1 821 .3.2

A496-95 Specification for Steel Wire, Deformed, for Concrete Reinforcement 2105.9.3

A 497-95 Specification for Steel Welded Wire Fabric, Deformed, for Concrete

Reinforcement 2105.9.4

A5 10-82 Specification for Wire Rods and Course Round Wire, Carbon Steel 3606.4.14

A 525-91 b Specification for General Requirements for Steel Sheet, Zinc - Coated

(Galvanized) by the Hot - Dip Process 2105.9.6,

Table 3606.4.14.1,
3619.1.1.1.3
A 568-95 Specification for Steel Sheet, Carbon and High - Strength, Low - Alloy, Hot -

Rolled and Cold - Rolled, General Requirements for Table 1 705.5.2

A 572 -94c Specification for High - Strength Low Alloy Columbium - Vanadium Steels of

Structural Quality 1818.1

A 588 -94 Specification for High - Strength Low Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi (345

Mpa) Minimum Yield Point to 4 in. (100 mm) Thick 1 81 8.1

A 615 -95c Specification for Deformed and Plain Billet - Steel Bars for Concrete

Reinforcement 2105.9.1

A 616 -95b Specification for Rail - Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete

Reinforcement 2105.9.1

A 617 -95b Specification for Axle - Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete

Reinforcement 2105.9.1

A 641 -92 Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Carbon Steel Wire 2105.9.6,

Table 3606.4.14.1

A706-95b Specification for Low -Alloy Steel Deformed Bars for Concrete Reinforcement 1705.6.1, 1906.5.2,

2105.9.1
A 755 -95 Specification for Steel Sheet, Metallic - Coated by the Hot - Dip Process and
Prepainted by the Coil - Coating Process for Exterior Exposed Building

Products 1507.3 7

B101-92 Specification for Lead - Coated Copper Sheets 1507.3.7

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97) 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 653

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

Standard
reference
number

Referenced in
780 CMR Section number

B 209-89
B 227-80
C5-79
C 28-92
C 31-95
C 33-93
C 34-93
C 35-95
C 36-92

C 37-92
C 39-94
C 55-95
C 56-93
C 59-91
C 61-95
C 62-95a

C 67-94
C 73-95
C 79-95

C 90-85
C 94-95
C 126-95

CI 29-85
C145-85
CI 50-95

C 172-90
C 206-84
C 208-95

C 212-93
C216-95a
C 222-91
C231-91b
C 260-95
C 270-95
C 330-89
C 406-89
C 474-94
C 475-94

C476-95
C494-92
C503-89

C5 14-94

C532-88
C 557-93
C 568-89
C 578-87
C 587-91

C 588-95

Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate 3609.5.2

Specifiation for Hard-Drawn Copper-Clad Steel Wire 3606.4.14

Specification for Quicklime for Structural Purposes (Re-approved 1992) Table 2505.2, 3607.2.2

Specifications for Gypsum Plasters Table 2505.2, 3607.2.2

Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field 1908.3.2, 1908.3.3

Specifications for Concrete Aggregates 1906.3, Table 1907.1 .1

Specifications for Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile 2105.2,

Specifications for Inorganic Aggregates for Use in Gypsum Plaster Table 2505.2, 3607.2.2

Specifications for Gypsum Wallboard Table 2503.2,

3607.2.3.1

Specifications for Gypsum Lath Table 2505.2, 3607.2.2

Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens 1908.3.2

Specification for Concrete Building Brick 2105.1

Specification for Structural Clay Non-Load-Bearing Tile 21 05.2

Specifications for Gypsum Casting and Molding Plaster Table 2505.2, 3607.2.2

Specifications for Gypsum Keene's Cement Table 2505.2, 3607.2.2

Specifications for Building Brick (Solid Masonry Units made from from Clay or

Shale) 2105.2, 3602.2

Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile 21 12.5

Specifications for Calcium Silicate Face Brick (Sand Lime Brick) 2105.1

Specifications for Gypsum Sheathing Board Table 2503.2,

Table 3606.2.3(a)

Hollow Load-Bearing Concrete Masonry Units 3602.2

Specifications for Ready-Mix Concrete 1908.5.1

Specifications for Ceramic Glazed Structural Clay Facing Tile, Facing Brick and

Solid Masonry Units 2105.2

Nonload-Bearing Concrete Masonry Units , 3602.2

Solid Load-Bearing Concrete Masonry Unit 3602.2

Specification for Portland Cement 1906.2, 1907.1.2.1,

1907.1.2.2.3,1908.2.1,
1908.2.2, Table 2505.2,

3604.2.2

Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete 1908.3.2

Specification for Finishing Hydrated Lime Table 2505.2

Specification for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board 2309.1,

Table 3606.2.3(a)

Specification for Structural Clay Facing Tile 21 05.2

Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale) 2105.2

Specifications for Asbestos-Cement Roofing Shingles 1507.2.1

Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method 1907.1 .1

Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete 1906.6.2

Specification for Mortar for Unit 2105.7, 3606.7.1.1

Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete 1906.3

Specification for Roofing Slate 1507.2.7, 3609.4.2

Test Methods for Joint Treatment Materials for Gypsum Board Construction Table 2503.2

Specification for Joint Compound and Joint Tape for Finishing Gypsum Board Table 2503.2,

3607.2.3.1

Specification for Grout for Masonry 2105.1 1, 3606.7.1 .1

Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete 1906.6.2

Specification for Marble Dimension Stone (Exterior) 2105.3

Specification for Nails for the Application of Gypsum Wallboard _ Table 2503.2,

3607.2.3.1

Specification for Structural Insulating Formboard (Cellulosic Fiber) 2309.1

Specification for Adhesives for Fastening Gypsum Wallboard to Wood Framing 3607.2.3 . 1

Specification for Limestone Dimension Stone 2105.3

Specification for Preformed Cellular Polytyrene Thermal Insulation 3604.3.3

Specification for Gypsum Veneer Plaster Table 2505.2,

3607.2.2
Specification for Gypsum Base for Veneer Plasters Table 2505.2,

3607.2.2

Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements 1907.1.2.1,

1907.1.2.2.1,
1907.1.2.2.2, 1908.2.2,

3604.2.2

654

780 CMR -Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

APPENDIX A

Standard
reference
number

Referenced in
780 CMR Section number

Specification for Granite Dimension Stone 2105.3

Specification Quartz- Based Dimension Stone 21 05.3

Specification for Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use as a

Mineral Admixture in Portland Cement Concrete 1906.6.3, 1907.1.2.1,

1907.2.2.1

Specification for Slate Dimension Stone 2105.3

Specification for Water - Resistant Gypsum Backing Board Table 2503.2, 2503.4

3607.2.4.1

Specification for Bonding Compounds for Interior Plastering Table 2505.2, 3607.2.2

Specification for Non-Load (Axis) Bearing Steel Studs, Runners (Track), and

Rigid Furring Channels for Screw Application of Gypsum Board Table 2503.2,

Table 2505.2,
3607.2.3.3
Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made from Clay or

Shale) 2105.2

Specification for Concrete Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous

Mixing 1908.5.1

Specification for Prefaced Concrete and Calcium Silicate Masonry Units 2105.1

Specification for Installation of Steel Framing Members to Receive Screw-
Attached Gypsum Board Table 2504.1

Specification for High- Solids Content, Cold Liquid- Applied Elastometric

Waterproofing Membrane for Use With Separate Wearing Course 1507.3.6

Specification for Installation of Interior Lathing and Furring Table 2504.1

Specification for Application of Interior Gypsum Plaster Table 2504.1

Specification for Application of Gypsum Veneer Plaster Table 2504.1, 3607.2.2

Specification for Application of Gypsum Base to Receive Gypsum Veneer

Plaster Table 2504.1, 3607.2.2

Specification for Metal Lath (Re-approved 1992) Table 2505.2, 3607.2.2

Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Surface Bonding

Mortar 1813.3.2.2, 2105.8,

3604.6.1

Specification for Aggregate for Job-Mixed Portland Cement-Based Plasters Table 2505.2, 3607.2.2

Specification for Application of Portland Cement Based-Plaster 2506.3

Specification for Surface-Applied Bonding Agents for Exterior Plastering Table 2505.2

Specification for Welded Wire Lath (Re-approved 1990) Table 2505.2, 3607.2.2

Practice for Construction of Dry-stacked, Surface-Bonded Walls 2105.8, 2106.4

Specification for Steel Drill Screws for the Application of Gypsum Board or

Metal Plaster Bases to Steel Studs from 0.033 in. (0.84 mm) to 0.1 12 in. (2.84

mm) in Thickness Table 2503.2,

Table 2505.2,
3607.2.3.5
Specification for Load Bearing (Transverse and Axial) Steel Studs, Runners

(Track), and Bracing or Bridging for Screw Application of Gypsum and Metal

Plaster Bases Table 2505.2,

3607.2.3.3
Specification for High- Solids Content, Cold Liquid- Applied Elastometric

Waterproofing Membrane with Integral Wearing Surface 1507.3.6

Specifications for Predecorated Gypsum Board 3607.2.3.1

Specification for Ground Granulated Blast - Fumace Slag for Use in Concrete

and Mortars 1906.6.4, 1907.1.2.1,

_ 1907.1.2.2.2,
Specification for Drill Screws for the Application of Gypsum Board or Metal

Plaster Bases Table 2503.2,

Table 2505.2,
3607.2.3.1,3607.2.3.5
Specification for Installation of Load Bearing (Transverse and Axial) Steel Studs

Accessories and Related Accessories Table 2504. 1

Specification for Spray - Applied Rigid Cellular Polyurethane Thermal

Insulation 1507.3.5

Specification for Woven Wire Plaster Base (Re-approved 1990) 3607.2.2

Specification for Accessories for Gypsum Wallboard and Gypsum Veneer Base

(Re-approved 1990) 3607.2.2, 3607.2.3.1

Specification for Installation of Lathing and Furring for Portland Cement - Based

Plaster 2506.3, 3607.2.2

C 615-92
C 616-95
C 618-95

C 629-89
C 630-95

C 631 -95a
C 645-95a

C 652-95C

C 685-95

C 744-95a
C 754-95a

C 836-89a

C 841-90
C 842-85
C 843-94
C844-85

C847-93
C887-95

C897-95a

C926-95

C932-85

C933-85

C946-91

C954-93

C955-95b

C957-93

C960-91
C989-95

CI 002-93

C1007-83
CI 029-90

CI 032-86
CI 047-85

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

Standard _. . Referenced in
reference ™ e 780 CMR Section number
number ^

C1088-94 Specification for Thin Veneer Brick Units Made from Clay or Shale 2105.2

D1586

D25-91 Specification for Round Timber Piles 1822.1

D56-93 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester 307.2

D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products 307.2

D93-94 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Tester 307.2

D224-89 Specification for Smooth- Surfaced Asphalt Roll Roofing (Organic Felt) 1507.2.2

D225-95 Specification for Asphalt Shingles (Organic Felt) Surfaced With Mineral

Granules 1507.2.3

D226-95 Specification for Asphalt- Saturated Organic Felt Used in Roofing and

Waterproofing Table 1507.3.1

D227-95 Specification for Coal-Tar Saturated Organic Felt Used in Roofing and

Waterproofing Table 1507.3.1

D249-89 Specification for Asphalt Roll Roofing (Organic Felt) Surfaced with Mineral

Granules 1507.2.2

D312-95 Specification for Asphalt Used in Roofing Table 1507.3.1,

3609.7.4.2

D323-94 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method) 307.2

D368 Tension Load Test

D371-89 Specification for Asphalt Roll Roofing (Organic Felt) Surfaced with Mineral

Granules; Wide- Selvage 1507.2.2

D450-91 Specification for Coal-Tar Pitch Used in Roofing, Dampproofing, and

Waterproofing Table 1507.3.1

(Note 568-77 has been discontinued and not replaced by ASTM)
D635-91 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Self-

Supporting Plastics in a Horizontal Position 2601.2, 2604.1

Dl 143-81 Test Method for Piles under Static Axial Compressive Load 1817.4.2, 1817.4.3

D1227-87 Specification for Emulsified Asphalt Used as a Protective Coating for Roofing 1 507.3.6

D1248-84 Specification for Polystyrene Plastics Molding and Extrusion Materials 3619.1.1.2

(1989)

D1557 Test methods for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils and Soil Aggregate

Mixtures Using 10-Ib. (4.54-kg) Rammer and 18-in. (457-mm) Drop 1804.3.2, 1805.3

D 1 586-84 Method for Penetration Test and Split Barrel Sampling of Soils Table 1 804.3, App. D

D1761-88 Test Methods for Mechanical Fasteners in Wood 2312.1, 2312.2, 2312.3

Dl 784-90 Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PFC) Compounds and Chlorinated

Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds 3619.1.1.2

D1863- 86 Specification for Mineral Aggregate Used on Built-Up Roofs Table 1507.3.1

D 1929-93 Test Method for Ignition Properties of Plastics 2601.2, 2604.2

D2178-89 Specification for Asphalt Glass Felt Used in Roofing and Waterproofing Table 1507.3.1

D24 12-87 Test Method for Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic

Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading 3619.1.1.2

D2487 Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification

System) Appendix D

D2488 Practice for description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure) Appendix D

D2626-95 Specification for Asphalt-Saturated and Coated Organic Felt Base Sheet Used in

Roofing Table 1507.3.1

(Note: D2277-87 has been discontinued and not replaced by ASTM)
D2843-93 Test Method for Density of Smoke from the Burning or Decomposition of

Plastics 2601.2, 2604.1

D2898-94 Methods for Accelerated Weathering of Fire-Retardant Tested Wood for Fire

Testing 4506.2, 2310.3

D2938 Table 1804.3, App. D

D3161-81 Test Method for Wind Resistance of Asphalt Shingles 1505.2.3

D3201-94 Test Method for Hygroscopic Properties of Fire-Retardant Wood and Wood-
based Products 23 1 0.3

D3462-93a Specification for Asphalt Shingles Made from Glass Felt and Surfaced with

Mineral Granules 1 507.2.3

D3468-90 Specification for Liquid- Applied Neoprene and Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene

Used in Roofing and Waterproofing 1 507.3.6

D3672-86 Specification for Venting Asphalt - Saturated and Coated Inorganic Felt Base

Sheet Used in Roofing Table 1507.3.1

D3679-88 Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding Table 3607.3.4

D3689-90 Test Method Individual Piles under Static Axial Tensile Load 1 81 7.7.2

D3746-85 Test Method for Impact Resistance of Bituminous Roofing Systems 1505.3.2

656

780 CMR -Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

APPENDDC A

Standard

t;»i a

780 CMR Section number

_. , Referenced in

reference Title

number

D3909-95a Specification for Asphalt Roll Roofing (Glass Felt) Surfaced with Mineral

Granules 1507.2.2,

Table 1507.3.1

D3966-90 Test Method for Piles Under Lateral Loads 1 81 7.6.2

D4099-89 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Prime Wndows 3606.8.1

D4272-90a Test Method for Total Energy Impact of Plastic Films by Dart Drop 1 505.3.2

D4434-87 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) Sheet Roofing 1507.3.3

D4601-95 Specification for Asphalt Coated Glass Fiber Base Sheet Used in Roofing Table 1507.3.1

D4637-87 Specification for Vulcanized Rubber Sheet Used in Single-Ply Roof Membrane 1 507.3.2

D5055-95a Specification for Establishing and Monitoring Structural Capacities of

Prefabricated Wood I-Joists 2313.5

E72-95 Methods of Conducting Strength Tests of Panels for Building Construction 2305.7

E84-95b Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials 412.3.6.3, 428.1 1,

704.4.1.2,722.2,722.3,

803.2,803.3.2,2310.2,

2601.2,2603.3,

2603.6.3, 2603.7.4,

2604.1,2805.2.2,

3105.3,3603.17.1.1,

3603.17.2.6,3603.17.3,

3603.18.3,3603.19.1,

3603.19.2,3612.2

E90-90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss

of Building Partitions 1214.2, 3603.4.3.1

E96-90 Standard Test for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials

E108-95 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings 1506.1, 1506.2,

2608.2, 2608.3

El 19-95a Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials 412.3.6.2, 704.1.1,

705.2.4 705.4, 707.7.2,

707.7.3,707.8.1.2,

709.6.1,709.6.2,

709.6.4, 709.7.1.2,

713.4.2,2105.2,2603.4,

3603.4.1

E136-95 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in Vertical Tube Fumace at 750°C 704.4.1.1, 3612.2

E152-81a Methods of Fire Tests of Door Assemblies 716.1,716.1.1,

3603.17.3

E163-84 Methods of Fire Tests of Window Assemblies 718.1, 719.1

E283-91 Test Method for Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls,

and Doors Under Specified PressureDifferences Across the Specimen 3606.8.2, 3606.9.2

E492-90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Impact Sound Transmission

Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies Using the Tapping Machine 1214.3, 3603.4.3.3

E648-95 Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor-Covering Systems Using a

Radiant Heat Energy Source 805.2

E814-94b Test Method for Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire Stops 707.7.2, 707.7.3,

709.6.1,709.6.2,
713.4.1
E838-81 Practice for Performing Accelerated Outdoor Weathering Using Concentrated

Natural Sunlight 1505.3.1

E970-89 Test Method for Critical Rdiant Flux of Exposed Attic Floor Insulation Using a

Radiant Heat Energy Sources ■_■ - • 3603.19.4

El 509- Specification for Room Heaters, Pellet Fuel-Burning Type

G23-95 Practice for Operating Light- Exposure Apparatus (Carbon- Arc Type) With and

Without Water for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials 1505.3.1

G26-95 Practice for Operating Light- Exposure Apparatus (Xenon- Arc Type) With and

Without Water for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials 1505.3.1

G53-95 Practice for Operating Light- and Water- Exposure Apparatus (Fluorescent UV -

Condensation Type) for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials 1 505.3. 1

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97) 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 657

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

AWPA

American Wood Preservers Association

P.O. Box 286

Woodstock, Maryland 21163-0286

Standard Title Referenced in

reference number 780 CMR Section number

C I -95 All Timber Products -Preservative Treatment by Pressure Processes 1 506.3, 23 1 1 .3,

3603.22.3.1
C2-95 Lumber, Timber, Bridge Ties and Mine Ties -Preservative Treatment by

Pressure Processes 1808.1, 1808.2, 2311.3,

2311.4,2311.5,2311.7,
3603.22.3.1,3603.22.4

C3-95 Piles - Preservative Treatment by Pressure Processes 1 808. 1 , 1 822.2,

3603.22.3.1

C4-95 Poles - Preservative Treatment by Pressure Processes 3603.22.3.1

C9-95 Plywood- Preservative Treatment by Pressure Processes 231 1.3, 231 1.4, 231 1.5,

2311.7,3603.22.3.1,
3603.22.4
CI 5-90 Wood for Commercial-Residential Constrruction Preservative Treatment

by Pressure Process 3603.22.3. 1

C18-90 Standard for Pressure-treated Material in Marine Construction 3603.22.3.1

C20-93 Structural Lumber - Fire- Retardant Treatment Pressure Processes 2310.2, 3603.22.3.1

C22-93 Lumber and Plywood for Permanent Wood Foundations - Preservative

Treatment by Pressure Processes 1808.3, 3603.22.3.1,

3604.2.1.2,3605.4.3
C23-84 Round Poles and Posts Used in Building Construction, Preservative

Treatment by Pressure Process 3603.22.3.1

C24-86 Sawn Timber Piles Used for Residential Commerce Building 3603.22.3.1

C27-93 Plywood- Fire-Retardant Treatment by Pressure Process 2310.2, 3603.22.3.1

C28-90 Standard for Preservative Treatment of Structural Glues-Laminated

Members and Laminations Before Cluing of Southern Pine, Pacific

Coast Douglas Fir, Hem-fir and Western Hemlock by Pressure Process

M4-95 Standard for the Care of Preservative- Treated Wood Products 1822.2

P1/P13-95 Standard for Coal Tar Creosote for Land and Fresh Water and Marine

(Coastal Water) Use 231 1.3, 3603.22.3.1

P2-95 Standard for Creosote Solutions 2311.3, 3603.22.3.1

P3-89 Standard for Creosote - Petroleum Oill Solution 3603.22.3.1

P5-95 Standards for Waterbome Preservatives 231 1.3, 3603.22.3.1,

3604.2.1.2

P8-95 Standards for Oil- Bome Preservatives 231 1.3, 3603.22.3.1

P9-92 Standards for Solvents and Formulations for Organic Preservative Systems. ... 231 1.3. 3603.22.3.1

AWS

American Welding Society
550 N.W. LejeuneRoad
P.O. Box 351040
Miami, Florida 33135

Standard reference
number

Referenced in

780 CMR Section

number

Dl.1-92
D 1.4-92

Structural Welding Code- Steel

Structural Weldine Code- Reinforced Steel

1705.5.3.2.1
. .. T 906.5.2

658

780 CMR -Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

APPENDIX A

BOCA

Building Officials and Code Administrators International

4051 West Flossmoor Road

Country Club Hills, Illinois 60477-5795

Standard reference
number

Title

Referenced in
780 CMR Section number

BNFOC-93 BOCA National Fire Prevention Code

Note: 527 CMR is the Fire Prevention
code for Massachusetts

BNMC-93 BOCA National Mechanical Code 201.3, 307.8, 408.4.1, 408.5, 41 1.3, 416.9, 417.1,

417.3, 418.3.1.4, 418.3.2, 418.3.2.3, 418.3.3,

418.3.4, 419.2, 419.2.1, 602.4.2, 602.4.3, 717.2,

722.2,913.1, 1203.1, 1208.3, 1209.1, 1210.3,

21 14.2, 21 14.9, 2305.12, 2801.2, 2802.1, 2802.3,

2804.1, 2805.2.3, 2805.2.4, 2808.3, 281 1.1, 3107.6,

3309.2,3603.6.7.1

BNPC-93 BOCA National Plumbing Code

Note: 248 CMR is the Plumbing Code for
Massachusetts

CGSB Canadian General Standards Board

Technical Information Unit
PCI, Phase III, Place Du Portage
Hull, Ottawa, Canada K1A 1G6

... Referenced in

Standard reference Tit]e 780 CMR Section

number number

37-GP-52M-84 Roofing and Waterproofing Membrane, Sheet Applied, Elastometric 1505.3.2, 1507.3.2

37-GP-54M-79 Roofing and Waterproofing Membrane, Sheet Applied, Flexible, Polyvinyl

Chloride 1507.3.3

37GP-56M-80 Membrane, Modified, Bituminous, Prefabricated, and Reinforced for Roofing -

with Dec. 1985 revision 1507.3.4

CPSC

Consumer Product Safety Commission
Office of the Secretary
Washington, D.C. 20207

Referenced in
Title 780 CMR Section

number

Safety Standard for Architectural Glazing 2405.1, 2406.1,

2407.2,3603.20.4.1,

3603.20.4.1.1

Interim Safety Standard for Cellulose Insulation 722.4

Cellulose Insulation 722.4

Hazardous Substances and Articles; Administration and Enforcement

Regulations 307.2

Standard for the Surface Flammability of Carpets and Rugs 805.3, 805.5

Standard reference
number

16CFR

Part 1201-77

16CFR
Part 1209-86
16CFR Part 1404-8
16CFRPartl500-S

16CFR, Part 1630
(DOC FF-1>70

CSA

Canadian Standards Association

178 Rex Dale Boulevard

Rex Dale, Ontario, Canada M9W1R3

Standard reference
number

Title

Referenced in
780 CMR Section number

CSA0437-M92

OSB and Waferboard 3605.3.2.1.2. 3608.3.2.1.3

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

CSSB Cedar Shake and Shingle Bureau

515 116™ Avenue, NE, Suite 275
Bellevue, WA 98004

Standard Title Referenced in

reference number 780 CMR Section

number

CSSB-84 Grading and Packing Rules for Certigrade Red Cedar Shingles (Revised

February 1, 1984) 3609.8.2

CSSB-85 Grading and Packing Rules for Cert-Split Red Cedar Shakes (Revised

October 1, 1985) 3609.9.2

CSSB-90 Grading Rules for Shake Hip and Ridge based on the Standards of the Cedar

Shake and Shingle Bureau 3609.8.3.3, 3609.9.3.4

CSSB-90 Grading Rules for Certi-Sawn Taper-Sawn Cedar Shakes (Revised May 30, 3609.9.2

1990)
CSSB-90 Wood Shakes (Preservative Treated) based on Grading and Packing Rules for

Treated Southern Pine Taper-Sawn Shakes of the Cedar Shake and Shingle

Bureau 3609.9.3

CSSB-93 Grading Rules for Wood Shakes and Shingles 3607.2.6, 3607.3.5

Exterior and Interior Walls - Design and Application Manual for, 1989

New Roof Coverings - Red Cedar Shingle and Shake Design and

Application Manual for, 1989

Red Cedar Shingles - Grading Rules for Certi-Grade, 1 984

Wood Shakes -

Grading Rules for Certi-Sawn Taper Sawn Red Cedar Shakes, 1981
Grading Rules for Certi-Split Red Cedar Shakes, 1985
Wood Shingles -
Grading Rules for Certi-Grade Shingles. 1984

cwc

Canadian Wood Council

1730 St. Laurent Boulevard - Suite 350

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1G5L1

Standard reference
number

Title

Referenced in

780 CMR Section

number

Canadian Dimension Lumber Data Book 3608.2.2

DOC United States Department of Commerce

National Institute of Standards and Technology
Gaithersburg, MD 20899

Standard reference Referenced in

number 780 CMR Section number

PS 1-95 Construction and Industrial Plywood 2306.4.6, 2307.1, 3606.10.1,

3608.3.2.1, Table 3604.4.3.3

PS 2-95 Performance Standard for Wood- Based Structural- Use Panels 2307.1, 3604.4.3.3,

3605.3.2.1,3605.3.2.1.2,
3606.10.1 3608.3.2.1

PS 20-94 American Softwood Lumber Standard -with 1991 Amendments 2302.1, 3604.4.3.1,

3605.2.1,3606.2.1,3608.2.1

FF-1(CPSC 16 CFR, Standard for the Surface Flammability of Carpet and Rugs r 805.-3, 805.5

Part 1630) -70

DOTn U.S. Department of Transportation

c/o Superintendent of Documents
U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402-9325

Referenced in
Standard reference number Title 780 CMR Section

number

49 CFR, Part 1 00-178 Specification for Transportation of Explosive and Other Dangerous Articles,

& 179-199 -88 Shipoins Containers 307.2

660

780 CMR -Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

APPENDIX A

EIA Electronics Industries Association

2001 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, D.C. 20006

Standard reference
number

Referenced in

780 CMR Section

number

Structural Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Antenna Supporting Structures 3108.4

FM Factory Mutual Engineering Corporation

Standards Laboratories Department
1151 Boston Providence Turnpike
Norwood, Massachusetts 02062

Standard reference
number

Referenced in

780 CMR Section

number

4450-90 Approval Standard for Class I Insulated Steel Deck Roofs -with Supplement (July

1992) 1505.2.2, 2603.4.1.5

4470-86 Approval Standard for Class 1 Roof Coverings -with Supplement 3 (August 1992) 1505.22, 1505.3.2

4880-94 Test Procedure for Building Comer Fire Test 2603.8. 3603.17.3

GA Gypsum Association

103 Orrington Avenue, Suite 1210
Evanston. IL 60201

Standard reference Title Referenced in

number 780 CMR Section

number

GA 253-93 Recommended Specification for the Application of Gypsum Seathing Table 3606.2.3(a)

HPMA Hardwood Plywood Manufactures Association

1825 Michael Faraday Drive, P.O. Box 2789
Reston, Virginia 22090-2789

Standard reference T . . Referenced in

number 780 CMR Section number

HP-83 Hardwood and Decorative Plywood 2307.1, 3607.2.5

HP-SG-86 Structural Design Guide for Hardwood Plywood Wall Panels 2307.1, 3605.3.2.1,

3606.10.1

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97) 780 CMR - Sixth Edition

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

MASSACHUSETTS, COMMONWEALTH OF
CODE OF MASSACHUSETTS REGULATIONS (CMR)

Specific numbers have been established by the Massachusetts Office of the Secretary of State to identify for reference purposes all
rules and regulations promulgated by agencies of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. These numbers are designated as "Code
of Massachusetts Regulations" (CMR's). Although they may not be cited in the text of 780 CMR, the CMR s listed below are
pertinent to building construction and design or maintenance.

Board of State Examiners of Plumbers and Gas Fitters
100 Cambridge Street
Boston, MA 02202

CMR number

Title

780 CMR Section number

248 CMR 2.00

248 CMR 4.00 - 7.00

104 CMR 17.13

115 CMR 7.00 -8.00

Massachusetts State Plumbing Code
Massachusetts Fuel Gas Code

Department of Mental Health
25 Staniford Street
Boston, MA 02114

201.3,408.4,418.3.4,421.7,
602.4.3, 1212.7, 1813.5.3

Department of Mental Retardation
160 North Washington Street
Boston, MA 02114

Outdoor AdvertisingBoard
100 Cambridge Street, Floor 20
Boston, MA 02002

Control and Restriction of Billboards, Signs and Other Advertising Devices

Department og Environmental Protection
One Winter Street
Boston, MA 02208

423.1.1,427.1.1.1

105 CMR 130.000
105 CMR 140.000

105 CMR 151.000
105 CMR
105 CMR 400.000
105 CMR 4 10.000
105 CMR 420.000
105 CMR 430.000

105 CMR 435.000
105 CMR 440.000
105 CMR 590:000

454 CMR 2.00
454 CMR 10.00
454 CMR 11.00
454 CMR 12.00
454 CMR 16.00
454 CMR 19.00

Department of Public Health

150Tremont

Boston, MA 02111

Hospital Licensure

Licensure of Clinics

Designer's Guide (Bureau of Planning and Construction) Dispensaries and Clinics, December 21,

1966-
General Standards of Construction for Long Term Care Facilities in Massachusetts
Intensive Care Unit Amendment, October 1, 1972
State Sanitary Code Chapter I: General Administrative Procedures
Minimum Standards of Fitness for Human Habitation (State Sanitary Code: Chapter II):
Housing and Sanitation Standards for Farm Labor Camps (State Sanitary Code: Chapter III)
Minimum Sanitation and Safety Standards for Recreational Camps for Children (State Sanitary Code:

Chapter IV)

Minimum Standards for Swimming Pools (State Sanitary Code: Chapter V) 421.7

Minimum Standards for Developed Family Type Campgrounds (State Sanitary Code: Chapter VI)
State Sanitary Code Chapter X - Minimum Sanitation Standards for Food Establishments

Division of Industrial Safety
100 Cambridge Street, 11th Floor
Boston, MA 02202

Toilets in Industrial Establishments
Industrial Bulletin No. 4

Construction Industry Rules and Regulations
Industrial Bulletin No. 12

Structural Painting Safety Code
Industrial Bulletin No. 13

Requirements for the Care of Employees Injured or Taken 111 in Industrial Establishments
Industrial Bulletin No. 14

Lighting Code for Factories, Workshops, Manufacturing, Mechanical and Mercantile Establishments
Industrial Bulletin No. IS

Window Cleaning
Industrial Bulletin No. 21

662

780 CMR -Sixth Edition

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97)

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

APPENDDC A

Architectural Access Board
Department of Public Safety
One Ashburton Place, 13 th Floor
Boston, MA 02108

Standard reference
number

Referenced in

780 CMR Section

number

52 1 CMR 1 .00 - 47.00 Architectural Access Board Regulations 40 1 .2, 42 1 .5.5, 424.4. 1

Board of Boiler Rules
Department of Public Safety
One Ashburton Place, Roon 1301
Boston, MA 02108

522 CMR 2.00 Construction of Power Boilers

522 CMR 3.00 Power Boilers, Power Reactor Vessels and Piping and Unfired Pressure Vessels

as Used in Atomic Energy Installations 401.2

522 CMR 4.00 Steam and Hot Water Boilers and Heat Storage Sources 401.2

522 CMR 5.00 Heating Boilers 401.2

522 CMR 6.00 Low Pressure Heating Boilers 401.2

522 CMR 7.00 Air Tanks 401.2

522 CMR 8.00 Air Tanks 401.2

522 CMR 9.00 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems 401.2

522 CMR 10.00 Material Specifications 401.2

522 CMR 1 1.00 Welding Specifications 401.2

522 CMR 12.00 Fiberglass-reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels 401.2

Board of Elevator Regulations
One Ashburton Place, Roon 1301
Boston, MA 02108

524 CMR 2.00 - 1 1 .00 Elevator and Escalator Regulations 403.8

524 CMR 15.00-34.00 Elevator, Dumbwaiter, Escalator, and Moving Walk Regulations 403.8

Board of Fire Prevention and Regulation
1010 Commonwealth Avenue
Boston, MA 02215

527 CMR :

527 CMR 3.00 Dry Cleaning and Dry Dyeing and the Keeping, Storage and

Use of Cleaning and Dyeing Fluids 401.2

527 CMR 4.00 Oil Burning Equipment 401.2

527 CMR 5.00 Operation and Maintenance of Buildings or Other Structures

Used as Garages, Service Stations and the Related Storage,

Keeping and Use of Gasoline or Other Motor Fuel 401.2, 408.6

527 CMR 6.00 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Containers and Systems 401.2, 418.3.3

527 CMR 7.00 Manufacture and Handling of Plastics 401.2

527 CMR 9.00 Tanks and Containers 401.2, 3103.1

527 CMR 10.00 Prevention of Fire in Buildings and in or on Ships 401.2, 426.15

527 CMR 12.00 1993 National Electrical Code (Amendments) 401.2, 403.9.1, 405.8, 405.9,

410.4.5,414.5,416.11,416.14.6,
416.15.2, 417.5.4, 421.7, 426.14.
3102.6.3,3102.13.1,3107.7
527 CMR 14.00 Flammable and Combustible Liquids, Flammible Solids or

Flammable Gases 401.2, 417.1, 417.2.1, 417.3, 417.5,

417.5.1, 417.5.2, 417.5.3, 417.6,

417.6.1,417.6.3,418.3.2,418.1,

418.2,418.2.1,418.3,418.3.1,

418.4,418.5,705.2.1

527 CMR 2 1 .00 Decorations, Curtains, Draperies, Blinds and Other Window

Treatments 40 1 .2

527 CMR 49.03 426.5, 426.6, 429.1, 429.1.6

12/12/97 (Effective 8/28/97) 780 CMR - Sixth Edition 663

780 CMR: STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING CODE

NCMA National Concrete Masonry Association

2302 Horse Pen Road, P.O. Box 781
Herndon, VA 22070

Standard reference T - . Referenced in

number 780 CMR Section number

NCMA Design and Construction of Plain and Reinforced Concrete Masonry Basement and

TR68-A-75 Foundation Walls 3604.4.1

NFPA National Fire Protection Association

Batterymarch Park
Quincy, Massachusetts 02269

Standard reference _. . Referenced in

number ''"' 780 CMR Section number

10-94 Portable Fire Extinguishers 9202

11-94 Low Expansion Foam And Combined Agent Systems 911.1,911.5

1 1 A-94 Medium and High Expansion Foam Systems 91 1.1, 91 1.5

12-93 Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems 909.1, 909.5

12A-92 Halon 1301 Fire Extinguishing Systems 912.1, 912.5

12B-90 Halon 121 1 Fire Extinguishing Systems 912.1, 912.5

13-96 Installation of Sprinkler Systems 412.7, 416.4, 426.3, 426.6,

706.2,906.2.1,906.9.1,

907.2.1, 917.7.3
13D-94 Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two- Family Dwellings and

Mobile Homes 423.6, 427.3.5, 906.2.3

13 R-96 Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Residential Occupancies Up to Four Stories

in Height 426.7, 906.22, 923.1

14-95 Standpipe and Hose Systems 914.1, 914.3, 914.4, 914.5,

914.6

15-96 Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection 908.1, 908.4

16-95 Deluge Foam- Water Sprinkler and Spray Systems 91 1.1, 91 1.5

17-94 Dry Chemical Extinguishing System 910.1, 910.5

17A-94 Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems 913.1, 913.5

20-96 Installation of Centrifugal Fire Pumps 924.1, 924.2, 924.3

22-96 Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection

24-95 Installation of Private Fire Service Mains 417.6.3, 906.9.1, 914.6.1

25-95 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems 901 .4

30-96 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code 307.8, 416.14, 418.3.2,

419.2.3,426.3,426.5,
426.11

30A-96 Automotive and Marine Service Station Code 408.6, 417.6.6

30B-94 Manufacture and Storage of Aerosol Products 426.3, 426. 12

31-92 Oil Burning Equipment 3612.1

32-96 Dry Cleaning Plants 418.3.4

33-95 Spray Application Using Flammable and Combustible Materials 307.8, 419.1

34-95 Dipping and Coating Processes Using Flammable or Combustible Liquids 307.8, 419.1

40-94 Cellulose Nitrate Motion Picture Film 411.1

50-96 Bulk Oxygen Systems at Consumer Sites 2810.1

51-92 Oxygen-Fuel Gas Systems for Welding, Cutting and Allied Processes 2810.1

54-92 National Fuel Gas Code 3612.1.1

61-95 Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions in Agricultural Food Products Facilities

418.3.1

65-93 Processing and Finishing of Aluminum 418.3.1

69-92 Explosion Prevention Systems 417.5.12

70-96 National Electrical Code (527 CMR 12.00: Massachusetts Amendments) 416.1 1, 416.14.6,

416.152,602.4.4,

14Q5.4.3,.3 102.6.3,

3102.13.1,3107.7