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http://www.archive.org/details/completepeerageo02coka
THE COMPLETE
PEERAGE
George Edward Cokayne, b. 29 Apr. 1825, at 64
Russell Square, Bloomsbury, ed. at Exeter Coll. Oxford,
B.A. 1848, M.A. 1852; Barrister (Lincoln's Inn) 1853,
entered the College of Arms 1859; Clarenceux King of
Arms 1894; compiler of the 1st edit, of The Complete
Peerage. He »?., 2 Dec. 1856, at Wraxall, Somerset,
Mary Dorothea, 3rd and yst. da. of George Henry
GiBBS, of Aldenham House, Herts, by Caroline, da. of
the Revd. Charles Crawley. She d. 1 1 Mar. 1 906, at
Exeter House, Roehampton. He d. there 6 Aug.
191 1, in his 87th year.
Multis ille bonis flebilis occidit.
7 -^7. /-z^
^^ THE COMPLETE
PEERAGE
OF ENGLAND SCOTLAND IRELAND
GREAT BRITAIN AND THE
UNITED KINGDOM
EXTANT EXTINCT OR DORMANT
BY G.E.C.
NEW EDITION, REVISED AND MUCH ENLARGED
EDITED BY
THE HON. VICARY GIBBS
VOLUME II
BASS TO CANNING
LONDON
THE ST CATHERINE PRESS
34 NORFOLK STREET STRAND
1912
THE LIBRARY
BRISHAM YOUNG UNIVERSIT'J
PROVO. UTAH
INTRODUCTION
TO VOLUME II
In the; course of preparing this volume for the press the Editor
had occasion to test the statements made in Dugdale's Summonses, with
the result that he found that work to be not only inaccurate but quite
untrustworthy.
This is the more unfortunate as it is the only printed book that
genealogists have on which to rely for the dates and particulars of writs of
summons after the reign of Edward IV, at which point the Report on the
Dignity of a Peer stops giving the lists of summonses to Parliament.
On various occasions the Editor, being led to suspect Dugdale's
accuracy, asked the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records to compare his
statements with the original documents, and found therefrom in every case
that Dugdale was wrong. In the end so many mistakes and misstatements
were discovered that the Deputy Keeper thought it worth while
systematically to collate Dugdale's account of the reign of Henry VIII
with the dorse of the Close Rolls and the Parliamentary Pawns; it then
appeared that not only has Dugdale frequently given wrong Christian
names, omitted peers that were summoned, and added peers who were not
summoned, but that, worst of all, he has fabricated whole lists of bogus
writs which never in fact issued, adding the orthodox Latin formularies
" consimilia brevia," etc., and giving them the false appearance of being
reproduced from original documents.
Pages have been written in the past by Nicolas, Courthope, G.E.C.,
and other genealogists, in the endeavour to explain why men had been
summoned after their death, or why sons had been summoned in the
lifetime, and instead, of their fathers, when all the time an examination
of the Close Rolls or the Parliamentary Pawns would have revealed the
fact that nothing of the kind had occurred, and that Dugdale had misstated
the facts.
The first person to establish the untrustworthiness of Dugdale was
J. H. Round, as will be seen by anyone who refers to the valuable chapter
on "Henry VIII and the Peers" in Peerage and Family History. Unluckily
for himself the Editor had overlooked this work, and with the help of Sir
Henry Maxwell Lyte had pursued his investigations independently. The
result has been to confirm all J. H. Round's criticisms, and materially to
enlarge the list of Dugdale's literary crimes.
It can hardly be conceived that a great antiquary like Dugdale should
vi INTRODUCTION
have stooped to such fabrications, and it must charitably be assumed that it
was some trusted assistant who betrayed him. That the Public Record
Office should without delay produce an authoritative list of these summonses,
down, say to the end of James II, is a consummation devoutly to be wished.
Among those genealogists who have kindly helped the Editor with
notes and corrections, besides those already mentioned in Vol. I, are, in
alphabetical order, Bright Brown, of Manila, Reginald M. Glencross, and
J. Maitland Thomson, LL.D.
The coronet on the cover, regarding which the Editor has had several
enquiries, is from the Garter Plate of Sir John Nevill, Lord Montagu, K.G.,
1461/2.
The Editor hopes that his subscribers may consider it to be some com-
pensation to them for the long delay in the appearance of this volume that it
contains Appendixes B and D, which have entailed on him and his collabora-
tors an immense amount of work which, he trusts, will not be held to have
been thrown away.
CONTENTS
Page.
IN MEMORIAM— G. E. COKAYNE ii
INTRODUCTION v
THE PEERAGE alphabetically arranged
BASS 1
CANNING 519
APPENDIXES
A THE LOYALISTS' BLOODY ROLL 525
B THE ORDER OF THE GARTER 527
C THE BATTLE OF BOROUGHBRIDGE 597
D THE GREAT OFFICES OF STATE 603
E OFFICERS OF THE COLLEGE OF ARMS 649
F CORONATION PEERAGES 651
G LORD LIEUTENANTS DISMISSED BY JAMES II . . 6;6
H PRINCIPAL PERSONS IN ARMS FOR THE PRINCE OF ORANGE 658
THE COMPLETE
PEERAGE
BASS
i.e. Viscount of the Bass, see Castelbianco, Dukedom, cr. 17 17
by the titular James III, and vol. i. Appendix F.
BASSETO (of Drayton)
Ralph Basset, s. and h. of Ralph B., of Drayton, co. Stafford,
and of Colston Basset, Notts, (*") was sum. to Pari. 24 Dec. (1264)
49 Hen. Ill, by writ directed Radulfo Basset de Drayton ; which
writ however, having issued in rebellion, should not create a peerage
dignit)^('=) He m. Margaret, ('^) da. of Roger de Somery, of Dudley,
CO. Worcester, by his ist wife (to whom she was da. and coh.), Nicole,
da. and eventually coh. of William (dAuBiGNv), Earl of Arundel.
{*) In Dugdale's Usage of Arms., edit. 1 81 2, pp. 12 and 13, are given the numerous
variations (for the sake oi ^'■difference") in the armorial ensigns borne by the various
members of the Basset family. From this it would appear that the house of Weldon,
and that of Drayton, both of whom derived from the elder sons of Richard Basset by
Maud, da. and h. of Geoffrey Ridel (a powerful feudal Baron, whose lands they
inherited), adopted the "3 piles" (the Ridel coat), but that William Basset (ancestor
of the house of Sapcote, being the yst. s. of the said William and Maud), " having no
advancement by the house of Rydell, retained Undie, the devise of the Bassets, and only
changed the colours thereof [from gold and red] into silver and black. But, about
the time of Edward III, Simon Basset, Baron of Sapcote (descended from the forenamed
William) and Sir John Basset of Blore [also so descended], both of them (I know not
the cause why) at one instant (as I think) relinquished their devise of Undie and invested
themselves into Ridels" [i.e. the 3 piles with certain variations]. G.E.C.
J. H. Round, however, points out that all this is invalidated by the fact that
Geoffrey Ridel d. as early as 11 20, when there cannot have existed a family coat of
Ridel. V.G.
C") This Ralph, who d. 1254-61, was s. of Ralph who d. 121 1, s. of Ralph
who d. 1 1 60, s. of Richard B., the Justiciar temp. Henry I, who held Drayton
through his marriage with Maud Ridel, and d. 1144. V.G.
(*=) As to this writ see Preface, and as to how far these early writs of summons
did in fact create any peerage title, see last volume. Appendix A. V.G.
(^) On 5 Nov. 1265, the King conceded the manor of Pattingham, co. Stafford,
fefc, " Margarete que fuit uxor Radulfi Basset de Drayton filie dilecti et fidelis nostri
Rogeri de Sumery... pro laudabili servicio a prefato Rogero hactenus nobis impenso...
quoad vixerit ad sustentacionem suam et familie sue." [Patent Roll, 50 Hen. Ill,
m. 46). [ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G,
I
BASSET (of Drayton)
He d. 4 Aug. 1265, being slain at the battle of Evesham fighting against
the King, who, however, continued the estates to his widow and son, as
her father had fought for the King at Evesham. His widow (") w., before
26 Jan. 1270/1, as 2nd wife, Ralph de Cromwell, of Cromwell, Notts,
and West Hallam, co. Derby, who d. shortly before 18 Sep. 1289. She
took the veil shortly before 18 June I293.('')
BARONY I. Ralph Basset, s. and h. of the above, served in the
BY WRIT. French and Scottish wars. He sue. his father 4 Aug. 1265.
J He held lands of Ralph Basset of W^eldon 1284/5; ^e was
"■^' sum. to attend the King at Shrewsbury, 28 June (1283)
II Edw. !,('=) and was sum. to Pari. 23 June (1295) 23 Edw. I to 10 Apr.
(1299) 27 Edw. I, by writs directed Radulfo Basset de Drayton^ whereby he
is held to have become LORD BASSET OF DRAYTON. C^) Hem.
Hawise. (") He d. 31 Dec. 1299, and was bur. at Drayton.
II. 1299. 2. Ralph (Basset), Lord Basset of Drayton, s. and
h. On 14 Mar. 12 99/ 1300, though still a minor, he had
livery of all his lands, and licence to marry whom he would. From 29 Dec.
(1299) 28 Edw. I to 25 Feb. (1342) 16 Edw. Ill, he was sum. to
Pari. Q He received knighthood with the Prince of Wales, 22 May
1306. He was a Banneret in 1341. He was subsequently Steward
of the Duchy of Aquitaine, and distinguished himself by his proud
defiance of the King of France. He was Constable of Dover Castle,
Warden of the Cinque Ports, Mar. to Sep. 1326; Seneschal of Gascony
Gfc. He m. (settl. («) 27 Mar. 1304) Joan, da. of John de Grey, [Lord
(") She has been wrongly identified, by Dugdale and others, with Margaret,
widow of Urian de St. Pierre, who ;«., in 1295, Ralph Basset of Sapcote. [ex inform.
G.W.W.). V.G.
C') On which date Ralph Basset of Drayton did homage for, and had livery of,
all the lands which Margaret Basset of Drayton had held of the King in chief, and
whereof she had enfeoffed him before she took the habit of religion. {Close Roll, 21
Edw. I, m. 7). These lands were in Drayton Basset, Colston Basset, Pattingham,
^c, and her deed of enfeoffment, in free widowhood, was dated " die Jovis proximo
post festum sancti Cedde Episcopi " 21 Edw. I [5 Mar. 1292/3]. {De Banco, Easter,
14 Ric. II, m. 441, no. iv r.). {ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
(f) As to this supposed Pari, see Preface.
(^) Basset of Drayton bore for arms, Gold with 3 piles gules and a quarter
ermine, [ex inform. Oswald Barron). J. H. Round adds that Sir Roger Basset
{temp. Edw. I) differenced this coat by bearing the piles sable instead of gules, in
which form it was adopted by his grandson, Sir Hugh Wrottesley, K.G., and has been
the Wrottesley coat ever since. V.G.
(') It appears from the Patent Roll, 11 Edw. Ill, pars 2, m. 30, that the mother
of the Ralph Basset of Drayton who d. 1342/3 was named Helewise or Hawise. {ex
inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
(') There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
(6) By charter dated "apud Ruthin die veneris proximo post festum Annuncia-
BASSET (of Drayton) 3
Grey] of Wilton and Ruthin, by his ist wife, Anne, da. of William de
Ferrers, of Groby, co. Leicester. He d. 25 Feb. 1342/3. His widow had
dower 13 Jan. 1343/4. She d. 1353, before 5 Apr.
III. 1343 3. Ralph (B.^sset), Lord Basset OF Drayton, grand-
to son and h., aged 8 in 1 343, being s. and h. of Ralph Basset,
1390. by Alice,(^) da. of Nicholas Audley [Lord Audley], of
Heleigh, co. Stafford, which last Ralph was s. and h. ap.
of the last Lord, and d. v.p. about 1335. He had livery of his grand-
father's lands 6 June 1355. He joined the army of the Black Prince, and
was at Bordeaux, 8 Jan. 1355/6. He was sum. to Parl.(^) from 26 Dec.
(1357) 31 Edw. Ill to 6 Dec. (1389) 13 Ric. II, and greatly distinguished
himself in the various wars with France. K.G., 1368. On 30 Oct.
1386, at the age of 51, he was a deponent in the Scrope and Grosvenor
controversy. He »;., istly, about May I338,('=) Joan, da. of Thomas
(Beauchamp), Earl of Warwick, by Catherine, da. of Roger (Mortimer),
Earl of March. She d. s.p. He /«., 2ndly, Joan (sister of John, Duke of
Brittany and Count of Montfort in France, Earl of Richmond in
England), da. of Jean de Bretagne, Count of Montfort, by Jeanne, da. of
Louis DE Flandre, Count of Nevers. He d. s.p., 10 May 1390. Will
dat. 16 Jan. 1389/90, pr. 13 Jan. 1390/1, at Sleaford, and i Aug. 1396. ('^)
He was bur. under a "goodly monument in Lichfield Cathedral," when
the Barony became dormantj(^) or, possibly, fell into abeyance between the
heirs of his two great aunts.O His widow obtained a grant, 23 Apr.
cionis beate Marie scilicet in festo Parasceves anno regni Regis Edwardi filii Regis
Henrici xxx° secundo," John de Grey, s. of the Lord Reynold de Grey, gave to
Ralph Basset, Lord of Drayton, and to Joan, the grantor's da., in free marriage, all
his lands in Olney, Bucks, and the advowson of the church there, iifc. (Deed on D(
Banco Roll, Easter, 14 Ric. II, m. 441, no. vi). {ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
{^) She m. Sir Hugh Meinill before 4 Mar. 1342/3, when both were living. V.G.
(*") There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
(') By two fines, dated the morrow of the Ascension 13 Edw. Ill [22 May
1338], the manors of Moulton and Buckby, Northants, Walsall, co. Stafford, and
Olney, Bucks, were settled on Ralph Basset of Drayton and Joan his wife, for life :
rem. to Ralph s. of Ralph s. of the sd. Ralph, and to Joan da. of Thomas de Beauchamp,
Earl of Warwick, and the heirs of their bodies: rem. to the heirs male of the body of
Ralph Basset the elder: rem. to Ralph de Stafford for life, rem. to Richard de Stafford
for life: rem. to Ralph s. of the sd. Ralph de Stafford, rem. to Richard s. of the sd.
Richard de Stafford, rem. to Thomas de Beauchamp s. of the sd. Earl, in successive
tail male: rem. to the sd. Earl and his heirs. {Feet of Fines, case 177, file 75, no. iSl;
case 287, file 40, no. 255). {ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
{^) In E. P. Shirley's Stemmata Shirleiana, 2nd edit., 1 873, p. 376, is an accurate
copy of this will, of which the abstract, given in Test. Vet., p. 125, is very misleading.
The will is also given in Ancient Deeds, vol. v, A. 1 1 372.
(') As to the unwarranted assumption of this and three other Baronies by John
(Dudley) 1st Duke of Northumberland, see note under that title. V.G.
(*) The heirship of the last Lord is somewhat doubtful. As to many of the
estates the heir was found to be, according to one inq., Thomas, Earl of Stafford,
s. of Hugh, s. of Ralph, s. of Margaret Basset, sister to the grandfather of the deceased;
4 BASSET (of Drayton)
1398, of the Honour of Richmond (formerly belonging to her brother)
but, according to another inq., the heirs were (i) the said Earl of Stafford and
(2) Alice, wife of William Chaworth, descended from Maud, a sister of the said
Margaret, who m. Sir William Herriz. These findings were confirmed by another
inq. (1403), 4 Henry IV, on the death of Joan, widow of the last Lord Basset. It is
certain that the last Lord devised all his estates to his nephew ("mon neveu "),
Hugh Shirley, and the heirs male of his body, with rem. to William Stafford (br. of
the Earl of Stafford), and to divers others. It is certain, also, that the Shirley family
inherited, by this devise, considerable estates in the counties of Nottingham, Leicester,
and Warwick (touching which Sir Ralph Shirley had a memorable dispute with the
Earl of Stafford), many of which remained in the Shirley family till the death of Earl
Ferrers in 1827. Isabel, the mother of Hugh Shirley, appears to have been sister of
the last Lord Basset — possibly of the half blood — which, even were she his paternal
sister, would at that time have precluded heirship; but inasmuch as Alice, the mother
of the last Lord, w., secondly, Hugh de Meinill, she might, not improbably, have
been (merely) a uterine sister by that alliance. Again, it is possible that she might
have been a bastard sister, and " the late Francis Townshend, Esq., Windsor Herald
[17 84-1 8 1 9], on the authority of Robert Glover, Somerset, a most learned and skilful
herald, considered the illegitimacy of Isabel Shirley to be indisputable; quoting a
pedigree drawn out in 1583 by that herald [Glover] for Sir George Shirley, her
lineal descendant and heir, in which she is called natural sister of the last Baron,
and the coat assigned to her is debruised by a baton. If the illegitimacy of Isabel
be established, this dignity [the Barony of Basset] would be in abeyance between
the representative of Thomas, Earl of Stafford (who is presumed to be the present
Baron Stafford), and those of the said Dame Alice Chaworth, who (upon the decease
of her great-granddaughter and h.), in 1507, were (i) Joan, wife of Sir Thomas
Dynham; (2) Elizabeth, wife of Anthony Babington; and (3) Anne, wife of William
Mering, who died s.p."
A tabular pedigree of the coheirs of this Barony (on the supposition that Isabel
Shirley was a bastard) is in Co/L Top. et Gen., vol. vii, p. 257, while at p. 392 of the
same vol., are given the arguments in favour of her legitimacy : which are also urged
(with, perhaps, still greater force) by Sir Egerton Brydges in Collins, vol. iv, p. 91.
See also some remarks thereon in Beltz's Order of the Garter, p. 164, note "4; "and
Shirley's Stemmata Shirleiana, 2nd edit., pp. 28-32.
Courthope adds this note, which shews a belief (right or wrong) in the Shirley
family that the Barony of Basset had vested in them: — "It may here be remarked
as an instance of unaccountable negligence or ignorance, that in the Patent creating
George Townshend, Lord Ferrers of Chartley and Lord Compton (heir general of
the above Sir Thomas Shirley and Isabel Basset), to be Earl of Leicester in 1784, he
is called Baron de Ferrers of Chartley, Baron Bourchier, Lovaine, Basset and
Compton.
"In 1784 it is unquestionable that the Baronies of Ferrers of Chartley and
Compton were vested, jure matris, in the Hon. George Townshend, but it is confi-
dently alleged that he was not legally possessed either of the Baronies of Bourchier,
Lovaine, or Basset. As it would scarcely be imagined that titles of honour should
be lightly attributed in a patent under the Great Seal, this assertion requires to be
supported by facts, and the following brief account of each of the Baronies in question
may be deemed satisfactory.
" First, Bourchier. — The Barony of Bourchier, as will be found more fully
stated under that head, became merged in that of Ferrers of Chartley, and, together
BASSET (of Drayton) 5
which, however, was resumed by Henry IV. She d. 8 Nov. 1402, and
with that dignity, fell into abeyance in 1646; and, notwithstanding that the
Abeyance of the Barony of Ferrers of Chartley was terminated in Dec. 1677 in
favour of Sir Robert Shirley, the youngest coheir (from whom Mr. Townshend derived
his right to that dignity), no act is stated to have taken place relative to the Barony
of Bourchier; nor does it appear that the abeyance of that dignity has ever been
terminated, unless the fact of George Townshend Lord Ferrers of Chartley, who was
then the youngest coheir of that Barony, having on that occasion been styled under
the Great Seal ' Baron Bourchier,' be considered to have vested that dignity in him
and the heirs of his body.
" Secondly, Lovaine. — This dignity seems never to have been a Parliamentary
Barony, in the modern acceptation of that term, as only one Writ of Summons was
ever issued to the ancestor from whom the dignity was pretended to have been
derived; and, moreover, it is very doubtful if that Writ was a Summons to a regular
Parliament. It is thus manifest that no Barony of Lovaine could, according to
modern decisions of the House of Lords, then have been held to be in existence;
and even if such did exist, the Earl of Leicester was only a coheir of the dignity.
" Thirdly, Basset of Drayton. — This title, though frequently assumed by the
family of Shirley, and consequently by its representative the Earl of Leicester, was
never, it is believed, vested in them. Their claim to it was, as is fully related above,
in virtue of their descent from Isabel Basset, the ihter of Ralph the last Lord Basset
of Drayton, but a rational doubt can scarcely be entertained that the said Isabel was
illegitimate^ and hence that any pretensions derived from her must be totally
groundless.
" An instrument has thus been allowed to issue under the great Seal, in which
three Baronies are recognised to be vested in an individual, to neither [j/t] of which
he was legally entitled; and, what is no less extraordinary, one of the said dignities
has never existed since the reign of Edward I, and another was at that moment
entirely vested in other persons!
" The precise effect of these dignities having been thus attributed to the Earl of
Leicester, is a point of some difficulty, so much so, that the Editor [Courthope] will
not presume to pronounce a decisive opinion; he does not, however, consider that a
misnomer in the preamble of a patent creating a certain dignity can have the effect
either of adding to or diminishing the dignity directly intended to be created: Lovaine
had never existed as a descendible dignity, and could not be recognized, and if it could
even be argued that it was created by this patent, there are no words of inheritance,
and consequently would endure only to the grantee for life. An early instance of the
same description occurs in the creation of the Earl of Kent, in 1465, where in his
description he is styled Lord of Hastings, Waisford, and Ruthyn; according to the
decision of the House of Lords in 1 840, the Earl of Kent was not even a coheir of
the Barony of Hastings, and even in 1640, when the 'possessio fratris' was more
relied upon, the opinion of the judges was unanimous against the claim of Mr. Lon-
gueville to the Barony of Hastings, although deduced through the individual in whose
person the Barony had been thus indirectly recognized." G.E.C.
This subject has been further and more fully discussed by J. H. Round in his
Studies in Peerage and Family History, pp. 440-449, and, subsequently, in his " Notes
on the Lord Great Chamberlain Case" {The Jncestor^l^io. 4, pp. 8-18), where he has
collected numerous instances of the wrongful assumption of peerage styles and of their
occasional recognition by the Crown in error. His chief object was to prove that the
Committee for Privileges were mistaken in the Mowbray and Segrave case (1877), in
6 BASSET (of Drayton)
was bur. in the Abbey of Lavendon, near Olney, Bucks. Will dat. 27 Mar.
I402,(=') at Cheshunt, Bucks-C')
BASSET (of Sapcote)(^)
1. Ralph Basset,('') s. and h. of Ralph B., of Sapcote, co. Lei-
cester, was sum. to Pari. 24 Dec. (1264) 49 Hen. Ill, by writ directed
Radulfo Basset de Sapcote. Such summons having issued in rebellion,
should not, however, constitute a peerage dignity,(^) and none of
his successors were sum. to Pari, till 137 1. He was sum. cum equis
et armis against the Welsh 24 May (1282) 10 Edw. I. He appears to
have ;«., istly, ( — ). He w., 2ndly, (1231) 15 Hen. Ill, Milicent, yr.
da. and coh. of Robert of Chaucombe, of Chalcombe, Northants, by
Julian his wife. He d. about 1282.
2. Simon Basset, s. and h. On 28 June (1283) 11 Edw. I he was
sum. to attend the King at Shrewsbury, and on 8 June (1294) 22 Edw. I,
he was sum. to attend the King wherever he might be, by writ directed
admitting the recognition by the Crown of the styles of those baronies in certain
letters missive of Richard III as equivalent to the determination of their abeyance by
proving that similar recognition had been made in cases where the styles had clearly
been wrongly assumed.
He has pointed out that among "the consequences of the principle thus laid
down," in 1877, "the Leicester patent of 1784, for instance, can now be invoked
as determining (or proving the determination of) the Bourchier abeyance," while the
recognition by the Devereux Act of Restoration (1604) of the barony of Lovayne
[see above] as having been "lawfully and rightly" held by the Earls of Essex
sanctions another baseless assumption.
He has also, in his Ancestor article, drawn attention to the fact, which had
apparently been overlooked, that when John Dudley was created Viscount Lisle, in
1542, "seigneur de Basset de Drayton" was included in his style as formally
proclaimed, while the afsd. John himself included " Lord Basset " {sic) in his style in
a patent issued under the great seal of his office as High Admiral in 1543. V.G.
(=") Patent Roll, 31 May 1403.
(•=) Test. Vet., ^. 157.
(') Valuable assistance in the rewriting of this article has been kindly rendered
by Josiah Wedgwood, M.P. Nevertheless, in the absence of Inquisitions, the pedigree
must still be regarded as conjectural, and an examination of two of the suits mentioned
in note " c " on p. 7 shows that they give absolutely irreconcilable information, while
neither of them confirms the pedigree which the Editor, with much searching of
heart, has thought it best to give in the text. V.G.
(^) Basset of Sapcote bore Silver with 3 waves sable, [ex inform. Oswald
Barron). V.G.
(^) As to the writ of 49 Henry III see Preface, and as to the general question
of how far these early writs of summons did in fact create any peerage title, see last
vol., Appendix A. V.G.
BASSET (of Sapcote)
Simoni Basset.(^) On 14 June 1294 he was sum. to accompany the King
cum equis et armis to Gascony. He d. before Michaelmas 1295.
3. Ralph Basset, s. and h. He was returned as Kt. of the Shire
for CO. Stafford on 6 Mar. 1 299/1 300. He was lord of one of the two
manors in Cheadle, co. Stafford, in 13 16. He m. istly, Elizabeth, ('') ist
da. and in her issue coh. of Roger Colvill, [Lord Colvill] by Margaret,
da. of Sir Richard Brewes. He W2., 2ndly, shortly before 21 July 1295,
Margaret, ('') widow of Urian de St. Pierre, of Peckforton, Horsley, £s?c.,
CO. Chester. He is said to have d. 1322.
4. Simon Basset, s. and h., by ist wife.('^) He m., before 1309,
Isabel, da. of William Boteler, [Lord Boteler of Wem]. He d.
1328. His widow w., in 1330, after 18 Mar. 1329/30, Sir Alexander
Walsham, at which time she sealed a deed with the arms of Basset (barry
wavy) and Boteler of Wem, on two shields side by side. (^)
BARONY 5. Ralph Basset, s. and h., under age in 1330. In
BY WRIT. July 1369, being then aged over 40, Q he became, by the
(^) As to these writs see Preface.
C") See Family of Chester of Chiche/ey, pp. 1 97- 1 99, by R. E. Chester Waters,
where there is much valuable information respecting the family of Basset of Sapcote
after their alliance with that of Colvill of Bytham.
("=) Genealogist, N.S., vol. xxviii, p. 128. Cf. Close Roll, 23 Edw. I, m. 8.
{^) In a suit (1330) it is stated by both parties that Isabel, the plaintiff, was
widow of Simon Basset of Sapcote junior (living 20 Edw. II), s. and h. of Simon, s.
and h. of Ralph, who w.is seized of the manor of Cheadle temp. Hen. III. In another
suit (1369) Ralph Basset of Sapcote chr., the defendant, is described by both parties
as s. and h. of Simon and Isabel, and grandson and h. of Ralph, who was seized of the
manor of Cheadle temp. Hen. III. In a third suit (141 1) the same pedigree is given
as in 1369. {De Banco, Easter, 4 Edw. Ill, m. 64; Hilary, 43 Edw. Ill, m. 338:
Coram Rege, Easter, 12 Hen. IV, m. 85). It seems necessary to mention these suits,
as Gen. Wrottesley claimed that the last two " cut out " two generations from the
accepted pedigree of Basset. But the accounts do not agree, and probably the first
suit omits one generation, while the others omit two generations. In quare impedit
proceedings such as these (all three are claims to present to the church of Cheadle) a
generation to which presentation did not fall is, in fact, sometimes passed over.
Another suit [De Banco, Hilary, 46 Edw. Ill, m. 242) states that Ralph Basset, the
defendant, was s. of Simon, s. of Ralph by Elizabeth da. of Roger de Colville. As
this Elizabeth must have been ii. not long before 1287, she could hardly have been
wife of the Ralph Basset of Sapcote who presented to the church of Cheadle temp.
Hen. III. {ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
(') Documents in Muniment Room, Trin. Coll., Cambridge. {ex inform.
W.H.B. Bird). V.G.
(') Elsewhere he is alleged to have been aged 17 in 1369/70, but this does not
accord with the fact that his parents certainly married before 1 309, nor with the age
of his daughters at his death. See note sub Robert, Lord Colvill [1368].
8 BASSET (of Sapcote)
I- 1371 death of his cousin, Robert, Lord Colvill, one of the two
to coheirs of the estates and Barony of that family, in-
1378. heriting the Castle and Honour of Bytham, co. Lincoln,
Thornton Steward, co. York, tfc. In consequence,
doubtless, of these acquisitions, he was sum. to Pari. 8 Jan. (i 370/1)
44 Edw. 111,0 ^nd 6 Oct. (1372) 46 Edw. Ill, by writs directed Radulfo
Basset de Sapcote, whereby he is held to have become LORD BASSET. ('')
He fought in the French wars and was one of the heroes of Cre^y. He
m., istly, about 1346, Sibyl, sister of Thomas Astley [3rd Lord Astley],
and da. of Sir Giles A., by Alice, 2nd da. and coh. of Sir Thomas de
WoLVEY. He w., 2ndly, Alice, da. of John Derby. He d. s.p.tn., 17 July
'37^>C) when the Barony fell (according to modern doctrine) into abeyance
between his two daughters and coheirs. {^) "Will, as Ralph Basset, kt..
Lord of Sapcote, directing his burial to be at Castle Bytham, dat. there the
Monday after the Ascension (i i May) 1377, pr. at Lincoln. His widow,
who m. Sir Robert Tuchet, and afterwards Sir Anketine Mallory, d. a
widow, 12 Oct. 1412,0 and was bur. at Stamford, near her last husband.
Will pr. 26 Oct. 141 2, in the Bishop's court, Lincoln.
BASSET OF STRATTON
BARONY. I. Francis (Basset), Baron de DunstanvilleO of
y Tehidy (so cr. 17 June 1796), having no male issue, was
^- ^"97- cr. 30 Nov. 1797, BARON BASSET OF STRATTON,
Cornwall, with a spec. rem. of that dignity, failing heirs male of his body,
(^) The only Barony of Basset of Sapcote that is capable of proof is the one
which would be held to be cr. by this writ of 1 37 I and the sitting thereunder.
C") There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
{^) " Radulfus Basset de Sapcote miles." Writs of diem cl. ext. 22 July 2 Ric. II.
" Et dicunt quod obiit die sabbati proxima ante festum sancte Margarete ultimo pre-
teritfl." (Ch. Inq. p. m., Ric. II, file 4, no. 8). {ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
i^) These were (i) Alice, da. by the ist wife, then aged 30, and wife of Sir
Laurence Button, afterwards wife of Sir Robert Moton, of Peckleton. (2) Elizabeth,
da. by the 2nd wife, b. at Castle Bytham, I Aug. 1372, then aged 7 (sic) and wife of
Richard Grey, afterwards (1393) Lord Grey of Codnor. The representatives of the
Barony of Grey of Codnor represent this moiety of the Barony of Basset of Sapcote.
The other moiety, after vesting in Reginald Moton, of Peckleton (the great grandson
of Dame Alice Moton abovenamed, who inherited the estates of Sapcote and of Castle
Bytham), became again divided between his two daughters; of whom the family of
Vincent of Peckleton (at one time) represented one, and that of Pole of Radborne
the other. The estates of Sapcote and of Castle Bytham were sold by the Pole family
early in the seventeenth century.
(*) " Alicia que fuit uxor Radulfi Basset militis." Writs of diem cl. ext. 14 Oct.
14 Hen. IV. "Et dicunt quod eadem Alicia obiit die mercurii proximo ante festum
sancti Luce Evangeliste ultimo preterita." (Ch. Inq. p. m., Hen. IV, file 90, no. 15).
(ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
(') The estate of Tehidy was'iacquired by the Bassets about 1 1 50 (through a
match with an heiress) from the family of Dunstanville.
BASSET OF STRATTON 9
to his only da.,(^) Frances Basset, Spinster, and the heirs male of her body.
He d. s.pjn., 14 Feb. 1835, aged 77, when the first named Barony became
extinct. See fuller particulars under De Dunstanville of Tehidy.
II. 1835 2. Frances, suo jure Baroness Basset of Stratton
to [i797]> only da. and h., being only child of the above by
1855. his I St wife, Frances Susanna, da. and eventually coh.
of John Hippisley Coxe, of Stone Easton, Somerset.
She, who was b. 30 Apr. and bap. 23 May 1781, at St. Marylebone, sue.
to the peerage under the spec. rem. in its creation. She d. unm., 22 Jan.
1855, aged 73, and was bur. at lUogan, when the Barony became extinct.Q')
Will pr, June 1855.
BASSET (of Weldon) f)
I. Ralph Basset, s. and h. of Richard B.,('^) of Great Weldon
and Weston by Welland, Northants, Madeley, co. Stafford, ^c,
sue. his father in I276,(^) and did homage and had livery of his in-
heritance 25 June 1276.Q He was sum. to attend the King at Shrews-
bury,(^) 28 June (1283) 11 Edw. I, by writ directed Radulfo Basset de
Welledon. He m. Alianore, da., and in her issue coh., of Henry W^ade,
or DE la W^ade, of Bletchingdon and Stanton Harcourt, Oxon-C*)
(^) A rare instance at that date of a rem. to one whose relationship was not in
the male line. See, however, the Barony of Barham, in 1805, as also one (yet more
extended) in 1706 as to the Dukedom of Marlborough. For a list of these see
vol. iii, Appendix F. V.G.
C") Several of Gainsborough's most celebrated pictures belonged to this family,
and were in 1885 at Tehidy, in particular, "The Cottage Girl with the broken
pitcher;" but this last has since been sold. V.G.
(■=) The re-writing of this article has been kindly undertaken by G. W. Watson.
(<') Ralph Basset, of Weldon, is'c, d. in 1257/8 (writs of diem cl. ext. 17 and 18
Feb. 42 Hen. Ill), when this Richard was found to be his s. and h., and aged 30 and
more. (Ch. Inq.p. m., Hen. Ill, file 20, no. 18). Richard did homage and had livery
of his inheritance, 28 Mar. 1258. [Fine Roll, 42 Hen. Ill, m. 9).
if) "Ricardus Basset de Weledon." Writs of diem cl. ext. i July [sic in orig.,
but probably a mistake for i June] 4 Edw. I. Inq., cos. Stafford and Northants, the
morrow of St. Barnabas [12 June] and — , 1276. Ralph his s., aged 30 and more,
or 32 and more, was his h. (Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. I, file 14, no. 9).
(') Fine Roll, 4 Edw. I, m. 14. That is, before the date on the above-mentioned
writs of diem cl. ext.
(s) As to this supposed Pari., see Preface. V.G.
C") This Henry was the King's Cook, and Henry III, "intuitu diutini et lauda-
bilis obsequii quod Henricus de la Wade Cocus Regis Regi impendit," gave him,
20 Oct. 1260, the serjeanty of Bletchingdon {Fine Roll, 44 Hen. Ill, m. I; Charter
Rod, m. 3). At his death (shortly before 4 Sep. 1287), it was found that he d. seized,
inter alia, of a carucate of land in this manor, held by the service of bringing before
the King a roast, price 4^d., viz., "unam loynam porci," whenever the King shall
3
lO
BASSET
(of Weldon)
Hed.
i293-(
shortly
before 28 Dec. 129
!.(") His widow was
living
23
May
BARONY 2. Richard Basset, of Great Weldon, fffc., s. and h.
BY WRIT. He was a minor at his father's death. He did homage
, and had livery of his inheritance, i July I295.('') He
^ 99- ^as sum. to attend the King at Salisbury,('^) 26 Jan.
(1296/7) 25 Edw. I, and was sum. to Pari. 6 Feb. (1298/9) 27 Edw. I, by
writs directed Ricardo Basset de Weledon. By the latter of these writs he is
held to have become LORD BASSET, but none of his descendants were
ever sum. to Pari, in respect of this Barony.(') He m. Joan, da. of Roger
DE HuNTiNGFELD, of Huntingfield, Suffolk, and of Frampton and Southorpe,
CO. Lincoln, i^c, by Joyce, da. of John Engaine, of Laxton and Blatherwick,
Northants, ^c. He was taken prisoner at the battle of BannockburnjO
24 June, and d. shortly afterwards, before 18 Aug. 13 14.
3. Ralph Basset, of Great Weldon, £?'c., s. and h.,(^) b. i-j Aug.
1300, at Huntingfield, and bap. in the church there. On 8 Oct. 13 14,
the custody of his father's lands together with his marriage was obtained
by Richard de Grey (of Codnor) for a fine of ;^8oo.C') Having proved
hunt in Cornbury (Ch. Inq.p. m., Edw. I, file 46, no. 11). He left 6 children, (i)
John, who d. s.p. shortly before 16 Nov. 1309 {Idem, Edw. II, file 14, no. 25). (2)
Henry, aged 30 at his brother's death, who d. s.p. (3) Cicely, wife of Nicholas
I'Archer, of Stoke Archer (Stoke Orchard), co. Gloucester. (4) Alianore, wife of
Ralph Basset. (5 and 6) Elizabeth and Joan, who d. s.p. Geoffrey I'Archer, s. of
Edmund, s. of Cicely afsd., and Ralph Basset, grandson of Alianore afsd. (and sub-
sequently Ralph, his s.), sued one John Wyard for the manor of Stanton Harcourt.
{De Banco, Mich., lO Edw. Ill, ?n. 357, Mich., 22 Edw. Ill, m. 52).
if) Writ of diem cl. ext. 28 Dec. {Fine Roll, 20 Edw. I, m. 16). There is no
Inq. p. m. extant.
(b) Close Roll, 21 Edw. I, m. 8d. Pursuant to an order, 6 Feb. 129 1/2, she had
assignment of dower, viz., the manor of Madeley, and lands in Weston, Welham,
yc. {Idem, 20 Edw. I, m. 9, r. and d.).
(<=) Close Roll, 23 Edw. I, w. 9: Escheators' Files, I, file 8, no. 81.
(**) Concerning the validity of a writ of this date as a regular writ of summons
to Pari., see Preface. V.G.
(*) As to how far these early writs of summons did in fact create any peerage
title, see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
(^ H. Knighton, Chron., vol. i, p. 140. Writ of diem cl. ext. 18 Aug. {Fine
Roll, 8 Edw. II, m. 24). There is no Inq. p. m. extant.
(e) In a suit {Coram Rege, Mich., 9 Edw. II, m. b^-d) it is stated that Richard
de Grey then had the custody of the manor of Madeley, by reason of the minority of
the heir of Richard Basset — "ratione minoris etatis heredis Ricardi Basset in manu
Regis tunc existentis." In the Extracts from the Plea Rolls {Staffordshire Collections,
vol. X, p. 20), the words "the heir of" are unfortunately omitted, an omission which,
if unnoticed here, might lead to some doubt as to the accuracy of the text above.
C") And if Ralph should die before he reached his age and was married, then
BASSET (of Weldon)
1 1
his age 29 Mar. i322,(*) he did homage and had livery of his inherit-
ance, 12 May following.^') He was sum. cum equis et annis against the
Scots 5 Apr. (1327) I Edw. Ill, by writ directed Radiilfo Basset de Weldon,
but he was never sum. on any other occasion. He tn. Joan.('=) He d.
shortly before 4 May I34i.('') His widow m. Robert de Fourneux,
before i346,('") when both were living.
4. Ralph Basset, of Great Weldon, ^c, 2nd, but ist surv.jO s.
and h., aged 15 and more at his father's death. He did homage and
had liver)', to him and his wife, Joan, of Weldon and Weston, 5 Sep.
I34i.(^) He w., soon after Apr. 1339, Joan, da. of Richard de la Pole,
citizen of London, by Joan, his wife-C") He became a canon-regular in
the Priory of Launde, co. Leicester, 23 Oct. 1368, and was thereupon
sue. by his son.(')
Richard de Grey, should have the custody of the lands, and the marriage of Richard,
br. and h. of Ralph, and if Richard should die in like manner, the custody of
the lands and the marriage of Roger, br. of Richard. (^Fine Roll, 8 Edw, II, m. 20,
schedule).
[f) " Radulfus Basset de Weldon filius et heres Ricardi Basset de Weldon
defuncti " in the custody of Richard de Grey. Writ de etate probanda 14 Dec. 15
Edw. II. Inq. at Halesworth 29 Mar. 1322. "Idem Radulfus filius et heres dicti
Ricardi Basset in festo sancti Ruffi Martiris nunc ultimo preterito fuit etatis viginti
et unius annorum et amplius eo quod in festo predicto anno regni Celebris memorie
domini Regis Edwardi quondam Regis Anglie [patris] domini Regis nunc vicesimo
octavo natus fuit apud Huntingfeld in comitatu SufFolcie et secunda die tunc sequenti
baptizatus fuit in ecclesia de Huntingfeld." Mention is made of Joan Basset, his
mother, and of Ro2;er de Huntingfeld. (Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. II, file 72, no. i).
(b) C/ose Ro/C IS Edw. II, w. II.
("=) " Da. of . . . Sturdon, of Winterbourne, co. Gloucester " (Nichols' Leicester-
shire, vol. iv, p. 905).
(d) " Radulfus Basset de Weldon." Writ of diem cl. ext. 4 May 15 Edw. III.
Inq., Northants, 28 May 1341. "Item dicunt quod Radulfus filius predicti Radulfi
Basset est heres ipsius Radulfi Basset propinquior et etatis quindecim annorum et
amplius." (Ch. Inq. p. m. Edw. Ill, file 65, no. 36).
(^) De Banco, 20 Edw. Ill, Easter, m. 213d, Mich., m. 285d.
(') The eldest s., Richard, m. (cont. 29 Apr. 1331) Nicole, da. of Sir Robert
d'Arderne [Close Roll, 5 Edw. Ill, pars i, m. i/d). He d. s.p. before Mar. 1339.
(e) Close Roll, 15 Edw. Ill, pars 2, m. 6.
(■•) Feet of Fines, case 177, file 75, nos. 176, 177, 178; case 287, file 40, no.
254. There was more than one Richard de la Pole living at this time, but it appears
from the De Banco Rolls, Mich., 22 Edw. Ill, m. 551, Mich., 25 Edw. Ill, tn. loi,
and a document in Coll. Top. et Gen., vol. vii, p. 335, that the citizen of London
abovenamed was the same person as the King's Butler, and that he left a s. and h.,
William, and a widow, Joan, who m., before Oct. 1348, Thomas de Chaworth.
(') " Radulfus Basset de Weldon . . . habitum religionis in Prioratu de la Laund
assumpsit et in eaJem religione professus est." Writ 29 Oct. 42 Edw. III. Inq.,
cos. Stafford, Herts, Northants, Bucks, Leicester, 16 Nov. to 27 Nov. 1368. "Et
12 BASSET (of Weldon)
5. Ralph Basset, of Great Weldon, &'c., s. and h. On 6 Dec.
1368, the King took his homage and fealty, and he had livery of his
father's lands in cos. Northants, Leicester, Bucks, Herts, and StafFord.('')
He m. Alianore. He d. 6 June 1385. C') Admon. 19 June 1385, to
his widow. She m., before Michaelmas 1390, John Clisseby. Both
were living at Michaelmas 1392.
6. Richard Basset, of Great Weldon, tfc, s. and h., aged 8 and
more at his father's death. On 14 Aug. 1398, when still a minor,('^) he
had livery of his father's lands. ('') He d.s.p., 9 Jan. i399/i400.(^) His
dicunt quod predictus Radulfus professus fuit in prioratu de la Laund xxiij die Octobris
ultimo preterito et quod Radulfus filius ejusdem Radulfi est heres ejus propinquior et
etatis xxj annorum et amplius." (Ch. Inq.p.m., Edw. Ill, file 199, no. 11: Exch.
Inq. p. m., I, file 28, no. 5).
H Fifie Roll, 42 Edw. Ill, m. 5.
i^) " Radulfus Basset de Weldon chivaler." Writs of diem cl. ext. 1 2 June
8 Ric. II. Inq., cos. Stafford, Northants, Leicester, Herts, 13 July to 31 Aug. 1385.
"Et [dicunt] quod predictus Radulfus obiit die martis proximo ante festum sancti
Barnabe apostoli ultimo preteritij. Et quod Ricardus filius predictorum Radulfi Basset
et Alianore est heres ejusdem Radulfi propinquior et etatis octo annorum et amplius."
Inq. Bucks, Thursday the feast of St. Bartholomew [24 Aug.] 1385. "prefatus
Radulfus obiit vj'° die Junii anno regni regis Ricardi octavo." Heir as before. Writ
oi plenius certiorari 16 Dec. 14 Ric. II. Inq. co. Stafford, Saturday in the vigil of St.
Gregory the Pope [11 Mar.] 1 391. " Et dicunt quod Thomas Basset clericus
consanguineus predicti Radulfi videlicet frater Radulfi Basset patris predict! Radulfi
Basset in brevi nominati est heres ejusdem Radulfi Basset in brevi nominati propin-
quior. Et quod est etatis quinquaginta annorum et amplius." (Ch. Inq. p. m.
Ric. II, file 35, no. 9, file 62, no. 2: Exch. Inq. p. m., I, file 52, no. 6).
(■=) In Jan. 1 390/ 1, Thomas Basset, clerk, brought an action, claiming the
manors of Weldon and Weston, against Richard Basset, and John Clisseby and
Alianore (who held the third part thereof in dower), stating that Ralph Basset and
Joan (de la Pole) had d. s.p.m. At Michaelmas 1391, Thomas was dead, and Sir John
Aylesbury and John Knyvet renewed this claim, and afterwards made a further claim
for the manors of Thorpe Langton, co. Leicester, and Madeley, co. Stafford. {De Banco,
14 Ric. II, Mich., m. 236d, Hilary, m. 497; 15 Ric. II, Mich., m. 672; 16 Ric. II,
Mich., m. 294; 19 Ric. II, Easter, m. 15 2d; 22 Ric. II, Hilary, m. 120).
{^) Patent Roll, 22 Ric. II, pars I, m. 1.
{") "Ricardus filius Radulfi Basset de Weldon chivaler." Writ of melius sciri
8 Nov. 10 Hen. IV. Inq., co. Leicester, Thursday after St. Hilary [17 Jan.] 1408/9.
"Item dicunt quod predictus Ricardus filius Radulfi obiit die veneris proximo ante
festum sancti Mauri Abbatis anno regni predicti domini Regis nunc primo. Et dicunt
quod Johannes Ayllesbury chivaler et Johannes Knyvet sunt consanguine! et heredes
propinquiores predicti Ricardi filii Radulfi videlicet predictus Johannes Ayllesbury
filius Johanne Et predictus Johannes Knyvet filius Alianore sororum Radulfi patris
Radulfi patris predicti Ricardi. Et dicunt quod predictus Johannes Ayllesbury est
etatis sexaginta annorum Et predictus Johannes Knyvet est etatis quadraginta anno-
rum et amplius." (Ch. Inq. p. m., Hen. IV, file 72, no. 34: Exch. Inq. p. m..
Enrolments, no. 429).
BASSET (of Weldon) 13
heirs were (i) Sir John Aylesbury, s. of Sir Thomas Aylesbury, of Milton
Keynes, Bucks, by Joan Basset, (2) John Knyvet, s. of Sir John Knyvet,
of Winwick, Northants, Lord Chancellor of England, by Alianore Basset;
the sd. Joan and Alianore being sisters of his grandfather, Ralph Basset.
Between their representatives any hereditary Barony, that may be held
to have been cr. by the writ of 1299, is (according to modern doctrine)
in abeyance. (^)
BATEMAN
VISCOUNTCY [I.] I. William Bateman, s. and h. of Sir James B.,
J of Shobdon Court, co. Hereford, Totteridge, Herts,
' -"' and Tooting, Surrey, Lord Mayor of London (171 6-
17), by Esther, yst. da. and coh. of John Searle, of Finchley, Midx. He
sue. his father 10 Nov. 171 8; was M.P. (Whig) for Leominster 1721-22,
and 1727-34. On 12 July 1725, he was cr. BARON CULMORE, co.
Londonderry, and VISCOUNT BATEMAN [L]. K.B., 12 Jan. 173 1/2.
F.R.S. 21 Feb. 1732/3. He m., in 1720, Anne,('') da. of Charles
(Spencer), 3rd Earl of Sunderland, by his 2nd wife, Anne, 2nd da.
of John (Churchill), ist Duke of Marlborough. He d. Dec. 1744,
in Paris. ('') Will dat. 10 Jan. 1738, pr. 31 Jan. 1744/5. His widow
d. 19 Feb. 1769, in Cleveland Row, Midx. Will dat. 6 Apr. 1757, pr.
27 Feb. 1769.
n. 1744 2. John (Bateman), Viscount Bateman and Baron
to Culmore [I.], s. and h., b. Apr. 172 i.C*) M.P.(") for
1802. Orford (not Oxford) 1746-47, for Woodstock 1747-68,
and for Leominster 1768-84. Chief Steward of Leomin-
ster. Lord Lieut, of co. Hereford, 1 747 till his death. A Lord of the
(*) John Knyvet obtained Weldon, and Sir John Aylesbury, Drayton Beau-
champ, Bucks, Thorpe Langton, ^c. In the windows of the Church of Weldon
are or were the following shields of arms: — (i) [Or], three piles [Gules], a border
[Sable] bezant(^e [Basset of TFeldon), impaling, [Or], on a fesse [Gules], three plates
[Huntingfeld) : (2) Basset, impaling, [Azure], two bars wavy [Argent] (Pole) :
(3) [Azure], a cross [Argent] [A\'lesbury), impaling Basset.
1^) She was on bad terms with her grandmother, the Duchess of Marlborough,
who caused her (Lady B.'s) portrait to be hung in her sitting room with the face
blackened over, and the words "she is much blacker within" inscribed on the frame.
(Lady Louisa Stuart, 1837). V.G.
i^) He appears to have made a great collection of paintings and statues during
his foreign travels, "where," says Lodge (vol. v, p. 243) "he made a better figure
than some of the foreign princes through whose dominions he passed." An interesting
account of the family is in Le Neve's Knights.
{^) His great-grandfather, John, Duke of Marlborough, was his godfather.
(•=) He was originally a Whig, but acted with the Tories after the accession
of George IIL V.G.
14 BATEMAN
Admiralty 1755-56; Treasurer of the Household 1756-57. P.C. 19 Nov.
1756. Master of the Buckhounds 1757-82, when he resigned on the fall
of Lord North's Ministry.(^) He ?«., 2 July 1748, at St. Anne's, Soho,
Elizabeth, da. and coh. of John Sambroke (br. of Sir Jeremy Sambroke,
5th and last Bart.), by Elizabeth, da. of Sir William Forester. He
d, s.p., 1 Mar. 1802, at Shobdon Court, aged 80, when his honours
became extinct.(^) Will dat. 24 May 1784 to 28 June 1800, pr. 15 Apr.
1802. His widow d. 20 Dec. 1802, in Argyle Str., in her 77th year.
Will pr. 12 Jan. i8o3.('=)
BATEMAN OF SHOBDON
BARONY, I. William Hanbury,s. and h. of William H.,^) of
T n Kelmarsh, Northants, and Shobdon Court, co. Hereford,
•^'' by Charlotte, da. of Charles James Packe, of Prestwold,
CO. Leicester, b. 24 June 1780, at Kelmarsh, sue. his father 16 Nov. 1807.
Ed. at Eton. Matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.), 24 Apr. 1798. He was M.P.
(Whig) for Northampton 1 8 lo-i 8, and having contested the North division
of that CO. in Dec. 1835, in the Liberal interest, was, a year after his
defeat,^) a: 30 Jan. 1837, BARON BATEMAN OF SHOBDON, co.
Hereford. (') On 14 Feb. following, he took, by royal lie, the name of
Bateman-Hanbury. High Sheriff of co. Hereford 1819-20; Lord Lieut.
if) No one being " more personally regretted by the King." See Wraxall's
Memoirs (1884), vol. ii, p. 275. Mrs. Delany describes him, in Mar. 1744/5, as
" excessively thin, polite, and modest in behaviour." V.G.
C") This was the first Irish peerage that became extinct after the Union [I.],
and was one of the three extinctions used in accordance with that Act, in the creation,
II Feb. 1806, of the Barony of Rendlesham [I.].
(f) In it she is said to have bequeathed personalty, worth above ^^5,000 a year,
to Charles, Viscount Sackville (afterwards, 1815-1843, Duke of Dorset), whose mother,
Diana, was her sister.
(^) Anne, da. of Sir James Bateman, and only sister ot the ist Viscount
Bateman [I.], m. William Western, of Rivenhall, Essex, by whom she had two
daughters, of whom the elder, Sarah, w., 10 Feb. 1735/6 (being "worth ^^30,000"),
William Hanbury, of Kelmarsh, co. Northampton, whose s. William (as above) sue. to
the estate of Shobdon under the will of the last Viscount Bateman [I.], on the death,
in Dec. 1802, of Elizabeth, Viscountess Bateman, his relict.
if) After his elevation he became a strong protectionist. For a list of consolation
peerages see vol. v, Appendix B. V.G.
(') The Loving Ballad of Lord Bateman, with clever plates and notes, both by
George Cruikshank, was published in 1839, by "Charles Tilt, Fleet Street, and
Mustapha Syried, Constantinople." The verse is supposed to have been by Thackeray,
but it is unquestionably merely a variation of" Young Beichan " (see stanza 38 thereof)
given in The Ballad Book,td. by W. AUingham, 1865. Lord Bateman first appeared,
curiously enough, only two years after this creation, though it has, of course, no rela-
tion to this or any other family. V.G.
BATEMAN OF SHOBDON 15
of that CO., 1 841 till his death. He m., i6 Aug. 1822, at St. Geo., Han.
Sq., Elizabeth, sister of Arthur, ist Lord Templemore, 2nd da. of Lord
Spencer Stanley Chichester, of Fisherwick, co. Stafford, by Harriet, da.
of John (Stewart), 7th Earl of Galloway [S.]. He d. 22 July 1845, '■''
Portman Sq., aged 65. Will pr. Sep. 1845. His widow d. 19 Sep. 1882,
at 36 Great Cumberland Place, Midx., in her 84th year.
II, 1845. 2. William Bateman (Bateman-Hanbury), Baron
Bateman, s. and h., b. 28 July 1826, in Brook Str. Ed.
at Eton, and at Trin. Coll. Cambridge. Lord Lieut, of co, Hereford,
1852 till his death. A Lord in waiting, Feb. 1858 to June 1859. A
Conservative in politics. He m., 13 May 1854, at St. Geo., Han. Sq.,
Agnes Burrell, 3rd and yst. da. of Gen. Sir Edward Kerrison, ist Bart.,
G.C.H. and K.C.B., by Mary, da. of Alexander Ellice, of Pittencrief, co.
Fife. He d. from an operation for cancer, in a nursing home in Beaumont
Str., Marylebone, 30 Nov., and was bur. 4 Dec, 1901, at Shobdon, aged 75.
His widow was living 1 9 1 o.
[William Spencer Bateman-Hanbury, s. andh., b. 30 Sep. i856;ed.
at Eton; sometime Capt. 2nd Life Guards. He m., 23 July 1904, at St.
Geo., Han. Sq., Marion Alice, widow of Henry Cabot Knapp, da. of James
Jeffrey Graham, of New York, U.S.A. Having sue. to the peerage
30 Nov. 1 90 1, he is outside the scope of this work.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 7,200 acres in co.
Hereford, and of 53 in Suffolk. Total 7,253 acres, valued at /!^i2,ioi a
year. Principal Residence. — Shobdon Court, near Leominster, co. Here-
ford. The fine estate of Kelmarsh, Northants, the paternal inheritance of
the Hanbury family for considerably more than 200 years, was sold by the
2nd Lord Bateman.
BATH
EARLDOM. I. Philieert de ChandeEj^) b. in Brittany,('') where
- , he appears to have been in a high station and to have enter-
■ ''■^ ■ tained Henry, Earl of Richmond, afterwards Henry VII,
during his banishment there; was by him made Commander of the French
auxiliaries to the troops with which the Earl landed at Milford Haven:
there he was knighted, 7 Aug. 1485. He was cr., 6 Jan. 1 48 5/6,('=)
EARL OF BATH, with 100 marks yearly from the counties of Somerset
if) There was a family of some eminence of that name in Bresse and Bugey,
both which were in the province (not of Brittany, but) of Burgundy. J. H. Round
points out that the name of the Duke of Savoy (which country marched with Bresse
and Bugey) who sue. in 1472, was Philibert, as was that of the Duke who d. in 1504
and was hur. at Bourg, the capital of Bresse. These facts suggest that the Earl of
Bath came from that district. V.G.
C") So stated in Segar.
(^) "Some say he was cr. Earl of Bath at the Tower, the day before the Coro-
nation, the i6th Oct. 1485." (Milles' Catalogue of Honour, 1610, p. 974).
i6 BATH
and Dorset, being styled '■^ consanguineus noster" in the patent. Of him, since
that date, nothing further is known,(*) and the title is presumed to have
become extinct on his death.
II. 1536. I. John Bourchier, only s. and h. of Fulke, Lord
FitzWarine, by Elizabeth, sister and coh. of John
(Dinham), Lord Dinham, of Care Dinham, was b. 20 July 1470. He
sue. his father as Lord FitzWarine, 12 Sep. I479,('') became of full age
in 1 49 1, and was sum, to Pari, as a Baron 12 Aug. 1492 to 8 June 1536;
K.B. 31 Oct. 1494; P.C. 1520; one of the signatories of the letter of
warning to Pope Clement VII in 1530. On 9 July 1536, he was cr.
EARL OF BATH, taking his seat the next day. He »?., istly, in or
shortly before 1499, Cicely, only sister of Henry (Daubeney), Earl of
Bridgwater, da. of Giles, Lord Daubeney, by EHzabeth, da. of John
Arundell, of Lanherne, Cornwall. He m., 2ndly, Florence, widow of
Sir Humphrey Fulford, ist of the 2 daughters and coheirs of John Bon-
viLLE, of Halnaker, Sussex, by Katharine, da. of Sir Robert Wingfield.
She, who was b. 1472, d. s.p., Oct. 1524. Inq.p. m.if) He w., 3rdly, as
her 3rd husband, Elizabeth, widow of Sir Thomas Wyndham, of Felbrigg,
Norfolk, and before that of Sir Roger Darcy, of Danbury, Essex, da. of
Sir Henry Wentworth, of Nettlestead, Suffolk, by Anne, da. of Sir John
Say. He d. 30 Apr. 1539, and was bur. (with his father) at Braunton,
North Devon, aged 68. Will dat. 20 Oct. 1535, pr. 2 June i54i.('^)
His widow was living in 1542,
III. 1539. 2. John (Bourchier), Earl of Bath, ^fc, only s. and
h. by 1st wife, aged 40 at his father's death.(') On
8 Apr. 1548, by the death of his maternal uncle, Henry (Daubeney), Earl
of Bridgwater, ^c, he sue. to any hereditary Barony that may be held to
have been er. by the writ (1295), 23 Edw. I, addressed to Elias Daubeney.
He was Sheriff of Somerset and Dorset, 1519; knighted [1523.''];
P.C, 1553. He was one of the first to declare the right of Queen Mary
to the Crown, and was, consequently, a Commissioner to decide on the
claims made at her Coronation, and for the trial of Lady Jane Grey.
Governor of Beaumaris Castle. Lord Lieut, of Dorset, Devon, and Corn-
(^) He is called "strenuus et sapiens miles" and "vir militari doctrin^ praedi-
tus" in Bernard Andre's Vita Regis Henrici septimi.
(b) "On the Pell Receipt Roll, Easter, 20 Edw. IV, 15 July (1480), the
name of the heir of the late Lord Fitzwaryn is given as Thomas (under age)." See
contribution by Sir J. H. Ramsay in Genealogist, N.S., vol. v, p. 46. V.G.
if) See Sussex Arch. Col., xv, p. 1 7, in ped. of " Poynings." V.G.
(<J) Test. Vet.
(*) A few months later, by the death of Henry, Earl of Essex, on 13 Mar.
1539/40, he became h. male of the body of William Bourchier, Count of Eu
in Normandy, and, as such, was entitled apparently to that dignity, which, however,
neither he nor his descendants ever assumed.
BATH 17
wall, 1556. He m., istly, Isabel, or Elizabeth, (named in her father's
will, Aug. 151 5) da. of Sir Walter Hungerford (2nd s. of Robert, 3rd
Lord Hungerford), by Jane, widow of Thomas Bolstred [.''Bulstrode].
She t/. s.p.ifi. He ;;;., 2ndly, Eleanor, sister of Thomas, Earl of Rutland,
da. of George (Manners), Lord Ros, by Anne, (niece of Edward IV) da.
and h. of Sir Thomas St. Leger. She was iur. 1 6 Sep. 1 547, at Tawstock.
He OT.,3rdly, (cont. dat. 4 Nov., lie. at Fac. ofF. dat. 1 1 Dec.) 1548, Margaret,
widow of Sir Richard Long, of Shengay, co. Cambridge, (who i^. 29 Sep.
1546) and formerly of Sir Thomas Kitson, of Hengrave, Suffolk (who
a. II Sep. 1540), da. of John Donington, of Stoke Newington, Midx., by
Ehzabeth, da. and h. of ( — ) Pye. To her he writes, 7 Oct. 1553, "from
my house in Milk Str." London. He d. 10 Feb., and was bur. 10 Mar.
1 5 60/ 1, aged 61, at Hengrave afsd. Fun. certif. Will dat. 14 Jan.
1 5 60/ 1, pr. 22 Apr. 1 56 1. Irt^. p. m. 15 60/1. His widow d. at Stoke
Newington, Midx., 20 Dec. 1561, aged 52, and was bur. 12 Jan. 1561/2,
at Hengrave. Will dat. 10 Dec. 1561, pr. 18 Feb. 156 1/2.
[John Bourchier, sfykc/ Lord FitzWarine, s. and h. ap., by 2nd
wife, h. 1529. He was one of the hostages demanded by France at the
conclusion of the peace in 1550. Knighted 17 Nov. 1549. He m.
Frances, da. of his step-mother, Margaret, by the said Sir Thomas Kitson,
of Hengrave. Mar. lie. at Fac. off. 1 1 Dec. 1 548 (the same day as his
father's 3rd marriage). He d. v.p., 28 Feb. I556,(^) aged 27, and was
iur. at Hengrave. His widow m., about Sep. 1557, William Barnaby,
of Great Saxham, Suffolk, who was land agent to the Earl of Bath, which
marriage gave great offence to her friends. He was living 1571. She
survived him, and was bur. 4 Apr. 1586, at Tawstock, North Devon.
Will dat. I Mar., pr. 16 Apr. 1585/6.]
IV. 1561. 3. William (Bourchier), Earl of Bath, &fc., grand-
son and h., being s. and h. of John Bourchier, sty/ei:^ Lord
FitzWarine, and Frances his wife, abovenamed.('') He was b. 1557. Ed.
at Bury St. Edmunds, and Ely, and for 2 years at Corpus Christi Coll.
Cambridge. Fellow Commoner 4 Apr. 1575 at Calus Coll., being then
i8; was in the campaign in the Netherlands, 1585; Vice Admiral of
Devon, 1586; Lord Lieut., 1587. He ;;;., istly, secretly at night, Mary,
yst. da. of Sir Thomas Cornwallis, of Brome, Suffolk, by Anne, da. of Sir
John Jernegan. This marriage was annulled.(') He /«., 2ndly, 7 Aug.
(*) He was one of the eldest sons of Peers who subscribed the letters patent,
16 June 1553, settling the crown on Lady Jane Grey. For a list of these
see sub Derby.
C") "A man singularly adorned with the best sciences." (Vincent's Errours
of Brooke, p. 44).
(') A letter of Sir Thomas Cornwallis, dat. Brome, 10 June 1601, states "By
deposition of 10 witnesses, it was most manifestly proved in the Arches, that the
marriage was lawfully, clearly, and honestly compassed," that the Earl's mother
"did by great means attempt to corrupt the then Judge of that Court . . . but not
prevailing that way, all course of law was then broken, for they appealed to the
4
i8 BATH
1583, at St. Mary Major's, Exeter, EIizabeth,('') 2nd da. of Francis
(Russell), 2nd Earl of Bedford, by Elizabeth, da. and h. of Henry Long,
of Shengay, co. Cambridge. She d. 24, and was bur. 25 Mar. 1605, at
Tawstock afsd. He d. 12 July 1623, and was bur. at Tawstock, aged 66.
Will dat. 31 Oct. 1622, pr. 25 Sep. 1623. Inq. p. m. 1624/5. T'^^ ^'^^
of his 1st wife was pr. i62 7.('')
[John Bourchier, styled Lord FitzWarine, s. and h. ap., by 2nd
wife, 1^^/). 24 Nov. 1585, i/. i;./)., and was ^«r. 12 Mar. 1586/7, at Tawstock.]
[Robert Bourchier, styled Lord FitzWarine, 2nd, but ist surv. s.
and h. ap., bap. 3 Mar. 1586/7, d. x^./;., and was bur. 27 May 1588, at
Tawstock.]
V. 1623. 4. Edward (Bourchier), Earl of Bath, Lord Fitz
Warine, and possibly, as some may consider,('=) Lord
Daubeney, 3rd but 1st surv. s. and h., by 2nd wife, bap. i Mar. 1590,
at Tawstock. Fellow Commoner of Caius Coll. Cambridge, 1 7 July
1603. K.B. (as '■'■Lord FitzWarine''''') at the creation of the Prince of
Wales, 2 June 16x0. He »;., istly, 14 July 1623, Dorothy, sister of
Oliver, Earl of Bolingbroke, da. of Oliver (St. John), 3rd Baron
St. John, by Dorothy, da. and h. of Sir John Rede. She d. 20, and was
bur. 21 Aug. 1632, at Tawstock.('^) He «;., 2ndly, in 1633, Anne, da. of
Sir Robert Lovet, of Lipscombe, Bucks, by his 2nd wife, Anne, da. of
Richard Saunders, of Dinton. He d. s.p.m., 2 Mar. 1636/7, aged 47, at
Tawstock, and was bur. there, when the Baronies of FitzWarine and (if it
existed) of Daubeney fell into abeyance between his three daughters and
Delegates, i'lne gravamlnc . . . who thereupon proceeded in so violent a course as the
like hath not been heard of. . . . Her adversaries effected the end of their desire ; and
yet the Commissioners' Sentence was with this corrective, w/z. leaving the Earl to
his own conscience." {Hist. MSS. Com., Hatfield MSS., Part xi, p. 223). This
Mary was a legatee, 25 June 1601, in the will of Sir Thomas Kitson, her sister's
husband, who mentions her said marriage, and that it afterwards proved most
unfortunate and to her great hindrance. W. Lewyn, also, speaks of this Earl as
having "made an untimely marriage by night with the da. of Sir Thomas Cornwallys,
which was undone and the Earl since married to another, the da. (as I think) of the
late Earl of Bedford." (Letter to Lord Cobham, 29 May 1596). V.G.
(^) There is a letter from Anne, Countess of Warwick, dat. 16 Apr. 1594,
reproaching him with his conduct to her sister [his wife], and threatening to tell the
Queen and obtain a separation for her. [Hist. MSS. Com., 13th Rep., App., Part ii,
p. 19). V.G.
('') P.C.C, 53 Skynner. In the Index to TVills, P.C.C, 1620-29, she appears
as " Mary, Countess of Bathon, Thorpe, Norfolk, yst. da. of Sir Thomas Cornwallis,
then deceased." V.G.
if) Among whom is not the Editor. V.G.
if) There are letters from him and from the Earl of Bedford, both dat. 26 May
1633, referring to "the fresh sense he hath of the loss of so noble a wife," and to
his unwillingness on that account to marry "Mistress Dorothy Seymour," as
suggested by the King. V.G.
BATH 19
coheirs. Q) Fun. cert, at Public Record office. Will dat. i Mar., pr. i July
1636/7. Irtij. p. m. at Exeter Castle, 24 Sep. 1638. His widow m.
Baptist Noel, who became, in 1643, Viscount Campden, and d. 29 Oct.
1682, aged 70. Her admon. 25 Jan. 1638/9.
[John Bourchier, styled Lord Fitz Warine, s. and h. ap., h. 21 Jan.
and bap. 20 Feb. 1630, at Tawstock, d. an infant t?./"., and was bur. there
5 Oct. 163 1.]
VI. 1637 5. Henry (Bourchier), Earl of Bath, cousin and h.
to male, being 5th and yst. (•") s. and h. of Sir George B., if) by
1654. Martha, da. of William (Howard), Lord Howard of
Effingham, which George was 3rd s. of John, the 2nd
Earl, by his 2nd wife, Eleanor, abovenamed. He was b. about 1587; ent.
Trin. Coll. Dublin as Fellow Com. about 1597; B.A. 1605; Fellow 1606;
M.A. 1610; was knighted 9 Nov. 1621 ; P.C. 8 Aug. 1641 ; Privy Seal,
22 Jan. 1644, in which year he was one of the Commissioners for the
defence of Oxford for the King. (<*) He w., 18 Dec. 1638, at St. Bar-
tholomew the Great, London (marr. lie. at Bp. of London's off., he aged
45 and she 25), Rachael, 5th da. of Francis (Fane), ist Earl of W^est-
morland, by Marj", da. and h. of Sir Anthony Mildmay. He d. s.p., 16,
and was bur. i-j Aug. 1654, at Tawstock afsd., M.L, when the Earldom
became extinct, as did also, apparently, the house of Bourchier. His widow,
who was b. at Mereworth, Kent, and bap. there 28 Jan. 1612/3, m. (publi-
cation at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields, Midx.), i May 165 5, at St. Bride's, London,
Lionel (Cr.a.nfield), 3rd Earl of Middlesex, who d. s.p., 26 Oct. 1674.
She obtained a roval warrant, 19 Mar. 1660, to retain her precedency as
" Countess of Bath," her then husband being an Earl ot a later creation. ('^)
She d. II Nov. 1680, at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields, aged 67, and was bur. at
Tawstock afsd. M.I. Will dat. 8 Dec. 1679, pr. 17 Nov. 1680.
(*) See note sub Fitz Warine.
(•") Of his 4 elder brothers, (i) Charles, and (2) Frederic Philip, d. young and
v.p., 17 Sep. 1584, and 8 Mar. 1587 respectively, and are so named in their M.I. at
St. Canice Cath., Kilkenny; the latter oiFering by far the earliest instance which the
editor has been able to discover of anyone bearing more than one Christian name.
(See note sub John Christopher Burton Dawnay, Viscount Downe, and vol. i, p. 33,
note "c "). (3) Thomas, d. s.p. between 1605 and 1610. (4) John, of the Manor of
Clare, co. Armagh, knighted 24 Mar. 1610/1, M.P. for co. Armagh 1613 till his
death s.p., 25 Mar. 1 614. {ex inform. G. D. Burtchaell). V.G.
{'^) This George went to Ireland as a Captain in 1570, and had grants of lands
in several counties; was knighted Sep. 1579; M.P. for King's Co. 1585-86; Master
of the Ordnance [I.] 1592; P.C. [I.]. He d. 24 Sep. 1605. {ex inform. G. D.
Burtchaell). V.G.
{^) Clarendon suggests that he "neither had or ever meant to do the King the
least service ; but only out of the morosity of his own nature " had opposed the
parliamentary part}'. V.G.
(*) She (as Countess of Bath) disbursed j^200 for books for the use of the
20 BATH
VII. 1661. I. John Granville, 2nd, but ist surv. s. and h. of
the celebrated Sir Bevil G., of Stow, Cornwall, (among
the bravest of the many brave cavaliers who fought for the King), by-
Grace, da. of Sir George Smyth e, of Madford, in Heavitree, Devon,
was b. 29 Aug. and bap. 16 Sep. 1628, at Kilkhampton, Cornwall, C*) sue.
his father (who was slain in the victory at Lansdown) 5 July 1643, was
knighted 3 Aug. 1643, and having fought, when a youth, for Charles I in
his father's Reg., was made Gent, of the Bedchamber to the Prince of
Wales in 1645. He accompanied Charles II in his exile, and was chosen
by that King to mediate between him and the Pari, as to the Restoration,
and accordingly, soon after the King's accession, was made Warden of the
Stannaries 1660-1701 ; Keeper of St. James's Palace 1660; Groom of
the Stole, 1660-85. On 20 Apr. 1661, he was cr. BARON GRAN-
VILLE OF KILKHAMPTON AND BIDEFORD, VISCOUNT
GRANVILLE OF LANSDOWN, AND EARL OF BATH. (") By
royal lie. of the 26th of the same month, he was permitted to use the titles
of Count of Corbeil, Lord of Thorigny and Granville^ and given a conditional
promise of the Earldom of Glamorgan. (^) The same year he had a royal
promise of a contingent reversion to the Dukedom of Albemarle('') (being,
through his mother, i st cousin of George Monk, cr. Duke by that title in
Library of Trin. Coll. Dublin " as a Signall Memorial] of the kindness her Lord had
for this College, haveing beene formerly a Fellow of itt." V.G.
(^) He is sometimes said to have been ed. at Glouc. Hall, Oxford, but no such
matriculation appears in the registers of that Univ., though on 13 Apr. 1638 there is
that of his elder br., Richard, at Glouc. Hall, then aged 16.
(^) For an account of the ceremonies attending this creation see note sub Edward
Earl of Clarendon [1661]. He supported the Court and voted with the Tories
in later years. V.G.
{f) In the preamble of this document were these words, " Whereas it appears to
us that our right trusty, is'c. John, Earl of Bath, Wc. is derived in a direct line as
heir male, to Robert Fitz Hamon, Lord of Gloucester and Glamorgan, fi^c., who was
the s. and h. of Hamon Dentatus, Earl of Corboil and Lord of Thorigny and Granville
in Normandy, which titles they held before Normandy was lost to the Crown
of England; whereby he justly claims his descent from the yst. s. of the Duke of
Normandy as we ourselves do from the eldest, ^c." Collectanea Topographica et
Genealogka, vol. vii, p. 193.
As to the above, J. H. Round writes: "In the Roman de Rou (ed. Andresen)
Hamon is thus described: —
Haim as Denz esteit un Normanz
De feus e d'omes bien poissanz,
Sire esteit cil de Torigny
E d'Evrecie e de Croillie.
He is not styled Earl of Corbeil, nor is Granville named here among his fiefs; and
there appears to be no proof that the Granvilles are descended from him." V.G.
if) Biographia Britannica, vol. iv, p. 2335. Neither of the promises took effect,
the contingency {i.e. the failure of issue male of the then Marquess of Worcester) as
to the Earldom of Glamorgan (see that title) never arising: as to the Dukedom of
Albemarle, see vol. i, p. 90.
BATH 21
1660). (^) Gov. of Plymouth 1661-96; P.C. 26 July 1663; Gov. of
Pendennis 1680-96; Col. of the loth Foot 1685-88, and 1689-93; Gov.
of the Scilly Islands 1689-1700; cr. M.A. of Oxford, 28 Sep. 1663; Lord
Lieut, of Ireland (but never went to that Kingdom) Apr. to July 1665;
Lord Lieut, of Cornwall 1660-96, and of Devon, 168 8/9-96. C*) He m.,
about Oct. 1652, Jane, da. of Sir Peter Wyche, of London, Merchant,
Comptroller of the Royal Household, by Jane, da. of Sir William Mere-
dith, Treasurer of Flushing. She d. 3 Feb. 16^1/2, and was i>ur. at
St. Clement Danes. He d. in St. James's, 22 Aug., and was i>ur. 22 Sep.
1701, at Kilkhampton, aged almost 73-0 Will dat. 11 Oct. 1684 ^o
15 Aug. 1701, pr. 10 Sep. 1701, 16 Mar. 1708, i July 1712, and 26 Feb.
1719/20.
VIII. 1701 (Aug.) 2. Charles (Granville), Earl of Bath, ^fc, s. and
h., ^i7p. 31 Aug. 1 66 1 "at St. James," and reg. at
Kilkhampton. He served in the army that defeated the Turks before
Vienna in 1683, &'c., and for his signal services, was, by charter 27 Jan.
1684, at Linz, cr. by the Emperor Leopold a Count of the Roman Empire.(f)
M.P. (Tory) for Launceston 1680-81, for Cornwall 1685-87; Ambassador
to Madrid, 1685-89. On 16 July 1689 he was sum. to Pari., v.p., in his
father's Barony as LORD GRANVILLE. (^ Joint Lord Lieut, of Corn-
wall and Devon, 1691-93; Gent, of the Bedchamber, 1692-93. Hew.,
istly (mar. lie. at Vic. Gen. office, he styled Lord Lansdown, being about
17, and she about 14, spinster), 22 May 1678, at St. Martin's-in-the-Fields,
Martha, 5th da. of Thomas (Osborne), ist Duke of Leeds, by Bridget, da. of
Montague (Bertie), Earl of Lindsey. She d. s.p. 1 1, and was bur. 26 Sep.
1689, as "the Lady Lansdown," at Westm. Abbey, in her 25th year. He
»?., 2ndly, 10 Mar. 1 690/1, in London, Isabella, sister of Henr)', Earl of
Grantham, da. of Henry (de Nassau), Lord of Averquerque, Count
(*) "The famous trial between my Lord Bath and Lord Montague for an
estate of ^^i 1,000 p. a. left by the D. of Albemarle wherein on several trials had been
spent ;^20,ooo between them. The E. of Bath was cast on evident forgery."
(Evelyn's Diary, 18 June 1696). The whole case turned on the question whether
Ann Clarges' ist husband was not living at the time of her marriage with Gen.
Monck. V.G.
C") He was among "The nobility in arms with the Prince of Orange, 1688."
For a list of these see Appendix H in this volume.
(') By letters patent, 16 Aug. 1674, an annuity of ;^3,000 charged on the
Duchy of Cornwall or on the hereditary excise, was granted to him and his heirs.
In 1826 one moiety was bought up by the Treasury, and, in 1856, the other moiety
was transferred to the Consolidated Fund. See Pari. Return, 9 Feb. 1 88 1, where
the amount, ^^1,200, "now due " appears to be paid to trustees for the heirs of Capt.
F. Garth.
{^) In Carlisle's History of Foreign Orders it is stated that the first Royal Licence
on record to enable a British subject to hold a foreign honour was granted in this case.
There is, however, no notice of it in The London Gazette, nor in the College of Arms.
(') For a list of eldest sons of peers sum. to Pari. v.p. in one of their father's
peerages, see vol. i. Appendix G.
22 BATH
OF Nassau, by Frances Aersen van Sommelsdyck,(^) da. of Cornelius,
Lord of Sommelsdyck in Holland. She d. in childbed, 30 Jan. 169 1/2.
He d. in St. James's, (having shot himself, ('') within two weeks of his
father's death), 4 Sep. 1 701 , aged 40. Both were bur. the same day at Kilk-
hampton.('=) Admon. 10 Sep. 1701, 16 Mar. 1707/8,31 Jan. 171 1/2, and
26 Feb. 1719/20.
IX. 1 701 (Sep.) 3. William Henry (Granville), Earl of Bath,
to Viscount Granville of Lansdown, and Baron Gran-
171 1. viLLE OF KiLKHAMPTON AND BiDEFORD, Only child and h.
by the 2nd wife. He, who was b. 30 Jan. 1 69 1 /2, d. unm.,
at his grandmother Lady Auverquerque's lodgings in Whitehall, of the
small pox 17, and was bur. 24 May 171 1, in Westm. Abbey, in his 20th
year, when all his Peerages became extinct, (f') Will dat. 3 Apr. 17 10,
intending to travel beyond the seas, pr. 24 May 17 11, by Frances, Dowager
Countess of Nassau, the grandmother and universal legatee.
i.e. Bath, Earldom, see Albemarle, Dukedom, cr. 1721 by the
titular James III (vol. i, p. 91); Lansdown of Bideford, Barony; and
vol. i. Appendix F.
X. 1742 I. William Pulteney, s. and h. of Col. William P.,
to of Misterton, co. Leicester, (who was s. and h. of Sir
1764. William P., of the same, sometime M.P. for Westm.),
by his 1st wife, Mary, da. of ( — ) Floyd,(') was b.
Apr. 1684; ed. at Westm., matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.), 31 Oct. 1700;
entered Pari, at an early age, being M.P. (Whig) for Hedon, 1705-34; and
for Middlesex, 1734-42; was Secretary at War 17 14-17; sue. his father in
1715; P.C. 6 July 1716 till I July 1731, restored 20 Feb. 1741/2; Lord
Lieut, of the East Riding of Yorkshire, 1721-28; Cofferer of the House-
hold, 1723-25. Taking a leading part against the measures of Sir Robert
Walpole, the Prime Minister, he was by the King himself struck off the list
of Privy Councillors, i July 1731, to which he was restored, 20 Feb. 1742
(after the resignation of office by Walpole). Shortly afterwards, on 14 July
(*) She so describes herself in her will and codicil dat. 10 Sep. and 18 Oct.
1712, in which she styles her husband "Earl van Nassau, Lord van Auverquerque."
See note to her burial, 27 Jan. 1719/20 (aged 82), in Col. Chester's Registers of
Westm. Abbey.
C") " The Earl of Bath was found dead in his chair in his bedchamber wounded
in his head, with a brace of pistols by him, one discharged; tis said he had been
melancholy for some time past." (Luttrell, Diary, 4 Sep. 1701). V.G.
if) On this occasion it was said (the young Earl attending the funeral of his two
predecessors) that there were " three Earls of Bath together above ground."
{^) The estates passed to his three aunts, viz. (i) Jane, who m. Sir William
Leveson-Gower, (2) Catharine, who m. Craven Peyton, and (3) Grace, who m.
George (Carteret), ist Lord Carteret, and who herself vfds, in 1715, cr. Countess
Granville, being ancestress of Thomas (Thynne), Viscount Weymouth, who was cr.
Marquess of Bath, 1789.
(') Ex inform, of the Earl of Bath, given to Collins'' Peerage, 1756.
BATH 23
1742, he was cr. BARON OF HEDON, co. York, VISCOUNT PULTE-
NEY OF WRINGTON, Somerset, and EARL OF BATH. During the
absence of the King from England in Apr. 1743 and May 1745, he was
one of the Lords Justices. F.R.S., 15 Nov. 1744. On 10 Feb. 1746 he
was head (as First Lord of the Treasury) of the " Short lived Ministry "
which lasted but two days. Lord Lieut, of Salop, 1761-64. His political
career is a matter of history, and is remarkable for the entire collapse of his
reputation in popular estimate on his taking a Peerage. (^) He amassed
enormous wealth (;/^ 1,200,000) and great estates. He m., 27 Dec. 17 14,
at Isleworth (Lie. Lond., he 26, she 17), Anna Maria,('') da. and coh. of
John GuMLEY, of Isleworth, Midx., Commissary Gen. to the Army, by
Susan (sister of Mary, wife of Sir John Wittewrong, 3rd Bart. [1662]),
da. of Samuel White, of London, merchant. She d. in Piccadilly, 14,
and was bur. 21 Sep. 1758, at St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, aged 64. Admon.
9 Oct. 1758, and again 27 May 1775. -^^ ^- ^-P-^-, 8, and was bur.
17 July 1764, in Westm. Abbey, aged 80, when his Peerage honours became
extinct.if) The bodies of his wife and two children (removed from St.
(*) This was well expressed, by the witty Sir Charles Hanbury Williams, in an
epigram to be affixed on the door of Bath House, Piccadilly.
" Here, dead to fame, lives patriot Will.; his Grave — a Lordly-seat;
His Title proves his Epitaph; his Robes — his Winding-sheet."
iy) She inherited Gumley House, of which there is a view and description in
Aungier's Isleworth, 1 840, p. 228. It was afterwards sold by her nephew. Viscount
Lake. Among her sisters were (i) Lsetitia, wife of Launcelot Charles Lake, mother
of Gerard, cr. Viscount Lake, 1807; and (2) Mary, wife of Francis Colman, mother
of George Colman, the dramatist. (See Misc. Gen. et Her., 4th Ser., vol. ii, p. 11).
Lady Bath was a somewhat celebrated character. Pope in The looking glass
wrote of her
"Far other carriage graced her virgin life.
But charming Gumley 's lost in Pulteney's wife." G.E.C.
Sir C. H. Williams calls her "Bath's ennobled doxy," and says that in taking
a peerage he
"trucked the fairest fame
For a right honourable name
To call his vixen by."
According to Lord Hervey she was of "low birth, lower mind, and the lowest
manners." V.G.
(■=) Lord Hervey, who fought a duel with him (for a libel in The Craftsman),
25 Dec. 1 731, in which both were slightly wounded, says Pulteney was "cool and
unsteady in his friendships, warm and immovable in his hate." In a ballad called
The Patriots are Come, Carteret is made to say of "weathercock Pulteney." —
" To cheat such a colleague demands all my arts
For tho' he's a fool, he's a fool of great parts."
His contemporary. Lord Chesterfield, writes of him — "He was a most complete
orator and debater, eloquent and entertaining, persuasive, strong, and pathetic as
occasion required; for he had arguments, wit, and tears at his command;" but, "his
breast was the seat of all those passions which degrade our nature" and "avarice, the
meanest of them all, generally triumphed."
24 BATH
Martin's-in-the-Fields) had been previously deposited in the vault on
21 Apr. 1 763, when his last surv. son was there buried. Will dat. 21 May
1763 and 29 May 1764, pr. 16 July 1764.0
[William Pulteney, styled Viscount Pulteney, only s. and h. ap.
M.P. (Whig) for Old Sarum, 1754-61, and for Westm., 1761-63. Lt.
Col. in the army, 1759. A Lord of the Bedchamber 1760, and A.D.C. to
the King, Jan. 1763, holding both offices till his death. He d. unm., on
his return from Portugal, at Madrid, v.p., \ 2 Feb., and was bur. 2 1 Apr.
1763 (in a new vault in the Islip chapel), in Westm. Abbey. Will dat.
29 Mar. 1762, pr. i June 1763 by a creditor, his father renouncing probate.]
MARQUESSATE. i. Thomas (Thynne),^) s. and h. of Thomas,
T i-,Oq 2nd Viscount Weymouth, by his 2nd wife, Louisa,
' "* sister and coh. of Robert, Earl Granville, 2nd da.
of John (Carteret),('=) ist Earl Granville, by his ist wife, Frances, da.
of Sir Robert Worsley, Bart., was i. 13 Sep. 1734; sue. his father, as
Viscount Weymouth, 12 Jan. 1 750/1; ed. at St. John's Coll. Cambridge;
M.A., 1753; cr. LL.D. 1769; a Lord of the Bedchamber, 1760 to 1763;
"A county gentleman of good character, old family and large property, a scholar,
a writer and a wit, and a most graceful and brilliant speaker." (Lecky). V.G.
See N. & Q., 2nd Ser., vol. v, p. 373, and 3rd Ser., vol. ii, p. 402, in the first
of which articles is an ominous conjecture as to Lord Bath's sobriquet of '■^IVill
Pulteney," his Lordship having acquired the vast estates of the Bradford family by
devise under the will of the mistress of Lord Bradford.
(") His only surv. br., Gen. Harry Pulteney [h. 14 and bap. 28 Feb. 1685/6, at
St. James's, Westm.), sue. to his enormous wealth and estates, d. unm. 26 Oct. and
was bur. 5 Nov. 1767, in his 8 ist year, in Westm. Abbey, when they passed to
Frances, da. of his ist cousin, Daniel Pulteney, wife of William Johnstone, after-
wards Sir William Pulteney, Bart. [S.]. She d. i June 1782, and was sue. by her
only child, Henrietta Laura, cr. Baroness Bath in 1792, and Countess of Bath 1803.
See under that title. G.E.C.
"Little has been talked of lately but the Mountain of Riches Lord Bath has
died worth, above Eight Hundred Thousand Pounds in Land and Money. He has
made his Brother, General Pulteney, Heir to all this, who is within two years of
Eighty. How nobly he might have done by him, and at the same time how many
was it in his power to have made happy." (Letter of Lady Dalkeith, 21 July
1764). V.G.
(^) An elaborate account of the family is in Stemmata Botevilliana, by Beriah
Botfield, 2nd edit., 1858. See also an able review of Blakeway's account of this
family (in his Sheriffs of Shropshire), by Joseph Morris, in Top. and Gen., vol. iii,
pp. 468-491, and J. H. Round's "The Origin of the Thynnes," in Genealogist, N.S.,
vol. xi, p. 193.
(') He was s. and h. of George, ist Lord Carteret, by Grace, sua jure Countess
Granville, yst. da. of John (Granville), Earl of Bath, coh. to her nephew, William
Henry, the 3rd and last Earl of Bath of that family. See ante, p. 22, note "c."
Through this descent the ist Marquess was a representative of the former Earls
of Bath.
BATH 25
Master of the Horse to the Queen, 1763-65; F.R.S. 23 Nov. 1764;
Lord Lieut, of Ireland, Apr. to July 1765, but did not set foot in that
Kingdom.(") P.C. 29 May 1765; Secretary of State for the North Jan.
to Oct. 1768, and for the South 1768-70, and again 1775 to 1779; Elder
Brother of theTrin. House 1770-96, and Master thereof 1770-73; Groom
of the Stole, Mar. to Nov. 1775, and again 1782 till his death; el. and
inv. K.G. 3 June 1778, but never installed; F.S.A. 29 Apr. 1784. On
18 Aug. 1789, he was cr. MARQUESS OF BATH. He m., 22 May
1759, at St. Margaret's, Westm., Elizabeth Cavendish, ist da. of William
(Bentinck.), 2nd Duke of Portland, by Margaret Cavendish, da. and h.
of Edward (Harley), 2nd Earl of Oxford and Mortimer. He d.
19 Nov. 1796, aged 62, in Arlington Str.C") Will pr. Dec. 1796. His
widow, who was b.l-j June 1735, ^'^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^ Lady of the Bedchamber
to Queen Charlotte, 1761-93, (■=) and Mistress of the Robes('^) 1793-1818,
d. 12 Dec. 1825, in Lower Grosvenor Str., aged 90. Will pr. Dec. 1825.
II. 1796. 2. Thomas (Thynne), Marquess of Bath, i^c, s. and
h., ^.25 Jan. 1765. Ed. at Winchester 1773, and at
St. John's Coll. Cambridge; M.A., 1787; M.P. (Tory)^) for Weobley,
1786-90; for Bath, 1790-96; Lord Lieut, of co. Somerset 1819-37; el.
and inv. K.G. 16, inst. 29 July 1823. He /«., 24 Apr. 1794, in Brook
Str., St. Geo., Han. Sq., Isabella Elizabeth, 3rd da. and coh. of George
(Byng), Viscount Torrington, by Lucy, da. of John (Boyle), Earl of
Cork and Orrery [I.]. She was b. 21 Sep. 1773, and d. i May 1830, in
Grosvenor Sq. He d. 27 Mar. 1837, ^" Lower Grosvenor Str., aged 72,
and was bur. at Longleat. Will pr. July 1837.
(*) Although he never took up his appointment, he pocketed not merely the
annual salary of jT 16,000, but also the allowance of ^3,000 for Lord Lieut.'s
"equipage." In the following year the Earl of Bristol acted in the same way in
similar circumstances. "A man of dissipated and extravagant tastes, his appointment
was most unpopular in Ireland." V.G.
(*") He was one of the leaders of the "Bedford Whigs" or " Bloomsbury gang"
in the first 15 years of George Ill's reign, but afterwards voted uniformly with the
Tories. He appears, with Harriet Lambe, in 1771, as "Lord W. and Miss H.
L. — be" in the notorious tete-a-tete portraits in The Town and Country Mag., vol. iii,
p. 65, for an account of which see Appendix B in the last volume of this work. His
"honest well meaning good humour" is recorded in The Abbey of Kilkhampton, by Sir
Herbert Croft, 1780, p. 11. "No one's enemy but his own. The love of gaming
and of wine lately absorbed his attention and faculties, and having absorbed his estate
into the bargain, necessity in some degree restored him to himself." [Royal Register,
vol. ii, p. 62). His drinking and gambling propensities are frequently reflected in the
literature of the time. See some satirical lines in vol. i. Appendix H, where his
principal amusement is given as "Burgundy." V.G.
<^) "The same agreeable, engaging creature she ever was." (Mrs. Delany,
2 Nov. 1760). V.G.
(^) For a list of ladies holding this post temp. Victoria, see note sub viith Duke
of Manchester.
(*) He was anti-catholic till 1829, when he supported Wellington in removing
the disabilities. V.G.
5
26 BATH
[Thomas Thynne, j/j/^^ Viscount Weymouth, s. and h. ap., b. 9 Apr.
1796. Ed. at St. John's Coll. Cambridge; M.A., 1816; M.P. (Tory)
for Weobley 1818-20. He w., 11 May 1820, Harriet Matilda, da. of
Thomas Robbins. He d. s.p. and v.p., 16 Jan. 1837, at Shanks House,
Dorset, aged 40. Will pr. Apr. 1837. His widow m. Count Inghirami.
She d. at Florence, 18 June 1873.]
III. 1837. 3. Henry Frederick (Thynne), Marquess of Bath,
iv- , (^c, 2nd, but 1st surv. s. and h., b. 24 May 1797. Capt.
marcn. ^^^^ ^g^^. p^_p_ ^^^^^ ^^^ Weobley, 1824-26, and
1828-32. He m., 10 Apr. 1830, Harriet, 2nd da. of Alexander (Baring),
1st Lord Ashburton, by Anne, da. of William Bingham, of Philadelphia.
He d. (a few months after he sue. to the Peerage) 24 June, and was bur.
I July 1837, at Longleat, aged 40. Will pr. July 1837. His widow,
who was b. 3 May 1804, in Bruton Str., Midx., d. 1 Jan. 1892, at
Muntham Court, Findon,(^) Sussex, and was bur. at Longbridge Deverill.
Will pr. at /; 1 5 1,386.
IV. 1837. 4. John Alexander (Thynne), Marquess OF Bath, i^c,
J s. and h., b. i Mar. 1831, bap. at St. James's, Westm.
^ ' Ed. at Eton, and at Ch. Ch. Oxford. Envoy Extraor-
dinary C") to Portugal for the investiture (at Belem, near Lisbon, 27 May
1858) of King Pedro V with the order of the Garter, and subsequently to
Austria, for the investiture (at Vienna, 25 July 1867) of the Emperor,
Francis Joseph. On the former of these occasions he received the order
of the Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword of Portugal. Trustee of
the Nat. Portrait Gall. 1874-93; Trustee of the Brit. Museum 1883, and
Lord Lieut, of co. Wilts 1889, till his death. A Conservative. He
w., 20 Aug. 1 861, Frances Isabella Catherine, ist da. of Thomas (Vesey),
3rd Viscount de Vesci [I.], by Emma, yst. da. of George Augustus
(Herbert), nth Earl of Pembroke. He d. 20 Apr. 1896, aged 65,
at Venice, and was bur. at Longbridge Deverill. Will pr. at ;^263,i70.('^)
His widow, who was ^.26 May 1840, was living 19 10.
V. 1896. 5. Thomas Henry (Thynne), Marquess of Bath
[1789], Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne of
Warminster [1682], and a Baronet [1641], ist s. and h., b. 15 July 1862,
in the Stable Yard, St. James's; j/y/^i? Viscount Weymouth till 1896; ed.
(^) She had bought this place in 1850. V.G.
C") See, for a list of these Garter Missions, Appendix B in this volume.
(■^j " He has frozen down into the very exemplar of an immaculate, unemotional
self-possessed British aristocrat." {Society in London, 1885, p. 85). He was a Con-
servative, but " never played a prominent part in politics, though he devoted a
considerable part of his time and energies to county business, and was universally
respected as a highly cultured, scrupulously honourable English gentleman of the best
type. . . . Always a shy man ... he remained to the last, under a cloak of reserve
bordering on hauteur, one of the most kind hearted men." (Obit, notice in The
Times). V.G.
BATH 27
at Eton, and at Balliol Coll. Oxford; B.A. 1886; M.A. 1888; M.P. (Con-
servative) for Frome div. of Somerset 1886-92, and 1895-96. He m.,
19 Apr. 1890, at Witley, co. Worcester, Violet Caroline, da. of Sir Charles
MoRDAUNT, loth Bart., being only child of his ist wife, Harriet Sarah, da.
of Sir Thomas Moncrieffe, 7th Bart. [S.].
[John Alexander Thynne, styled Viscount Weymouth, ist s. and
h. ap., b. 29 Nov. 1895.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 22,672 acres in co.
Monaghan (annual value ;^i9,56i); 19,984 acres in Wilts (;^29,325);
8,212 acres in Somerset (;/^ 13,402); 3,508 acres in Salop (^{^4,1 81); 699
acres in co. Hereford (^^1,052), and 409 in Sussex (;^495). Total 55,574
acres, valued at £6%,oi^ a year. Principal Residence. — Longleat, near
Warminster, Wilts.
BARONY. I. Henrietta Laura Pulteney (yor»2fr/y Johnstone),
I spinster, only da. and h. of William Pulteney (^formerly
'"*" Johnstone), afterwards [1794] Sir William P., Bart.
FART DOM l-S-]> by Frances, da. and eventually sole h. of Daniel
Pulteney (who was s. and h. of John P., next br. to
XI. 1803 William P., the father of William Pulteney, cr., in 1742,
to Earl of Bath, as afsd.), was b. 16 Dec. 1766, and bap.
1808. 29 Jan. 1767, at St. James's, Westm. Having sue. her
mother, on i June 1782, in the Pulteney estates, she was
cr., 26 July 1 792, BARONESS OF BATH,(^) Somerset, with rem. of that
Barony to the heirs male of her body,('') and, on 26 Oct. 1803, was cr.
COUNTESS OF BATH, Somerset, with a similar rem. of that Earldom.
She m. (spec. lie. at Fac. off.), 24 July 1794, at Bath House, Piccadilly,
St. Geo., Han. Sq., her cousin. Gen. the Rt. Hon. Sir James Murray,
afterwards Murray-Pulteney, Bart. [S.], Col. of the i8th Foot, sometime
Secretary at War, who on his marriage (when he was aged 30 and upwards
and a bachelor) assumed the additional surname of Pulteney. The Count-
ess d. s.p., at Brighton 14, and was bur. 28 July 1808, from her house
in Piccadilly, in the South Cloister of Westm. Abbey, aged 41, when her
(*) Her descent, shewing her cousinship to the Earl of Bath, is set forth in the
patent.
('') Upon this creation a motion was made in the House of Lords of a reference
to the Committee for Privileges, to report as to " whether, when any title of Honour
had been conferred on any person by letters patent under the great seal to be holden
in or with any given rank of Peerage, the same specifick individual title can be conferred
on another person to be holden in or with the same or any other rank of Peerage
during the subsistence of the limitations of such first grant." This motion was
negatived as well as another for an address to the Crown representing that the title
of "Bath'" being vested elsewhere "the said last grant [1792] is and can be of no
effect." Protests against these two resolutions were signed by the Lords Radnor and
Leicester. — Lords'' 'Journals, vol. xxxix, pp. 561-564.
28 BATH
Peerages became extinct. Will pr. Aug. i8o8.(') Her husband enjoyed
for life the vast Pulteney estates (about ^^50,000 a year), and d. from an
accident, 26 Apr. 181 1, at Buckenham, Norfolk. Will pr. 181 1.
BATHURST OF BATTLESDEN, AND
BATHURST OF BATHURST
BARONY. I. Allen Bathurst, s. and h. of Sir Benjamin B., of
T Paulerspury, Northants, sometime Governor of the East
' ' India Company, and Cofferer to the Princess Anne of
FART DOM Denmark, by Frances, da. of Sir Allen Apsley, and
Frances, da. and h. of John Petre, of Bowhay, Devon,
I. 1772. was b. in St. James's Sq., Westm., 16 Nov. 1684;
matric. at Oxford (Trin. Coll.) 13 May 1700, sue. his
father 27 Apr. 1704, was M.P. (Tory) for Cirencester, 1705 to 171 1/2,
when, with eleven others, he was raised to the Peerage, being cr., i Jan.
171 1/2,('') BARON BATHURST OF BATTLESDEN, Beds. He was
(^) After her husband's death " her personal property, near ^^600, 000, is be-
queathed to her cousin, wife of the Rev. Mr. Markham, da. of Sir Richard Sutton,
divorced some years ago from her husband, and who has lived during several years
principally under Lady Bath's protection. Sir John Johnston, the Earl of Darlington,
and Sir Richard Sutton, all inherit very considerable estates." See Annual Register,
1808, p. 158. It may be observed that the Johnstone family were relatives through
her father, and the Suttons through her maternal grandmother, Margaret Dering (da.
and coh. of Benjamin Tichborne), whose sister Judith, Dowager Countess of Sunder-
land, m. Sir Robert Sutton, K.B., and was mother of Richard Sutton, cr. a Baronet
in 1773. The only relative benefited, who was related to the great statesman (from
whom testatrix had derived the estates), was the Earl of Darlington (afterwards Duke
of Cleveland), whose grandmother, Grace, was da. of Charles (Fitzroy), Duke of
Cleveland, by Anne, da. of Sir William Pulteney, aunt to William, Earl of Bath, and
to (his cousin) Daniel Pulteney, maternal grandfather of the testatrix.
('') '■'■Hora quartd post meridiem." Of the twelve Peers cr. in five days (to
secure a majority in the House of Lords for the Tory administration) the writs to
Lord Compton (s. and h. ap. of the Earl of Northampton), and to Lord Bruce
(s. and h. ap. of the Earl of Ailesbury), bore date respectively 28 and 29 Dec.
171 1; the patent by which George Hay, styled Lord Dupplin (s. and h. ap. of the
Earl of Kinnoul in Scotland), was cr. Baron Hay, bore date 31 Dec. 171 1 (the
30th being Sunday); while the patents to the remaining nine all bore the date
of I Jan. I 71 1/2, the addition of the exact hour (7 a.m. to 4 p.m. — no Peer having
been cr. at 12 o'clock noon) being added (in a smaller hand and apparently
subsequently) to the date of their creation, notwithstanding that there is a warrant of
Precedency ranking them accordingly. These nine, in their order of ranking, were
Thomas (Windsor), Viscount Windsor [L], cr. Baron Mountjoy; Henry Paget (s.
and h. ap. of Lord Paget), cr. Baron Burton; Sir Thomas Mansell, Bart., cr. Baron
Mansell; Sir Thomas Willoughby, Bart., cr. Baron Middleton; Sir Thomas Trevor,
cr. Baron Trevor; George Granville, cr. Baron Lansdown; Samuel Masham, cr.
Baron Masham; Thomas Foley, cr. Baron Foley, and (lastly) Allen Bathurst, cr. Baron
BATHURST 29
an active opponent of the Walpole Administration. P.C. 13 July 1742;
Capt. of the Gentlemen Pensioners 1742-44; Treasurer to the Prince of
Wales, 1757-60. He obtained from George III a pension of ;^2,ooo a
year on the Irish Establishment.(*) On 27 Aug. 1772, in his 88th year,
and in the 6ist year after his first elevation to the Peerage, he was
cr. EARL BATHURST OF BATHURST,n Sussex. He w., 6 July
1 704, Catherine, da. of Sir Peter Apsley (his mother's br.), by Catherine,
sister of William, and da. of Samuel Fortrey; she, who became h. to
her br. Peter Apsley, was bap. 6 July 1688, at St. James's, Westm., and
d. 8, and was bur. 16 June 1768, at Cirencester, aged 79. M.I. He,
having lived to see his s. become Lord Chancellor, d. 16 Sep. 1775, aged
90, at Cirencester, and was bur. there. M.I.(°) Will dat. 28 Apr. 1767,
pr., with four codicils, 30 Oct. 1775.
II. 1775. 2' Henry (Bathurst), Earl Bathurst, £5'c.,('*) 2nd,
but 1st surv. s. and h., b. 20 May 17 14, his birth being
said to have been at St. James's, Westm. Matric. at Oxford (Balliol Coll.),
14 May 1730.Q Barrister (Line. Inn), 1736. M.P. (Tory) for Ciren-
cester, 1735-54; K.C. 1746; Solicitor Gen. to the Prince of Wales, 1746-
48; Attorney Gen. to the Prince of Wales 1748-51, and afterwards, 1751-
54 to the Dowager Princess of Wales. Justice of the Common Pleas,
2 May 1754, until he became Chancellor. Second Commissioner of the
Great Seal 21 Jan. 1770, at the end of a year's tenure whereof "the
profession was greatly surprised on finding Judge Bathurst, who was
considered the most incapable of the three Commissioners, selected"(^ he
Bathurst. See ante, vol. i, p. 61, note "d;" and for a similar case of 10 peerages
being cr. in one day, see note sub Foley [1776], where they are set out.
(*) He appears to have been a man of wit, taste and learning, and was a friend
of Pope, Addison, ^c.
('') With regard to family names and Peerage titles, see note sub i Earl of
Cadogan. Bathurst is the name of a wood in Battle, Sussex, which can be traced
back to the days of Henry I. It is alleged that the family had a seat here which was
destroyed in the Wars of the Roses, but their earliest known ancestor appears to be a
citizen and clothier of Canterbury, temp. Henry VI. [ex inform. J. H. Round). V.G.
(■=) " Till within a month of his death he constantly rode out two hours every
morning, and drank his bottle of wine after dinner, and according to a well-known
story, used, when advanced in life, to comment thus on the early retirement of his
son (and successor in title) after dinner, ' Now we will enjoy ourselves since the old
gentleman is gone to bed.'" {Collins, vol. v, p. 91).
(^) His elder br., Benjamin Bathurst, sometime M.P. for Gloucester, m.,
26 Nov. 1732, Elizabeth, and da. of Charles, 3rd Earl of Ailesbury, by his ist wife.
She d. 5 Nov. 1796. He d., v.p. and s.p., 23 Jan. 1767, aged 56. The Peerage
was claimed in 1906 by Dwight Lawrence Bathurst, of Colorado, as h. male of the
body of this Benjamin Bathurst, who is stated to have emigrated to the United States.
(') He is said (though no such degree is recorded in the printed list of Graduates)
to have been B.A. (Ch. Ch.) in 1733. — See Judges of England, by E. Foss.
{') The others were Sir Sidney Stafford Smythe, a Baron of the Exchequer, and
Sir Richard Aston, a Justice of the King's Bench.
3© BATHURST
being made P.C. on 2i, and Lord Chancellor on 23 Jan. \']']i.{^) On
the following day, 24 Jan. 1771, he was cr. LORD APSLEY, BARON
OF APSLEY, C") Sussex. For his high legal position he appears to have
been incompetent,('') and, though on 10 Feb. 1776 he acted as Lord High
Steward at the trial of Elizabeth, Countess of Bristol, calling herself
Duchess of Kingston, he resigned the Great Seal on 3 June I778.('^) He
continued in the cabinet, as Lord President of the Council (1779), till the
close of Lord North's ministry (of which he had been a staunch supporter)
in 1782. He m., istly, 19 Sep. 1754, Anne, widow of Charles Phillipps,
da. of ( — ) James. She d. s.p., 4 Feb. 1758, and was iur. at St. James's,
Westm. He m., 2ndly, at Maidwell, Northants, 14 June 1759, Tryphena,
da. of Thomas Scawen, of Maidwell, by Tryphena, da. and h. of Lord
James Russell, yr. s. of William, ist Duke of Bedford. He d. at Oaldey
Grove, near Cirencester, 6 Aug. 1794, in his 8ist year.(^) Will pr. Sep.
1794. His widow, who was l>. 31 Dec. 1730, d. 2 Dec. 1807, at Abbs
Court, Surrey. Will pr. Jan. 1808. Both were i'ur. at Cirencester. M.L
in. 1794. 3. Henry (Bathurst), Earl Bathurst, fc?c., s. and h.
by 2nd wife, i. 22 May and i^ap. 6 June 1762. Matric.
at Oxford (Ch. Ch.), 22 Apr. 1779; M.P. (Tory) for Cirencester, 1783-94;
a Lord of the Admiralty, 1783-89; of the Treasury, 1789 to 1791; Teller
of the Exchequer, 1790 till the abolition of that office in 1834; P.C.
21 June 1793; Commissioner of the India Board, 1 793-1 802; Clerk of the
Crown, (joint) 1 801-16 and (sole) 1816-34; Master of the Mint, 1804-06
and 1807-12; President of the Board of Trade and Plantations, 1807-12;
Foreign Secretary, Oct. to Dec. 1809; Secretary for War and Colonies,
(^) "As far as the public could observe, he performed almost decently the duties
of the ofKce in which, to the surprise of mankind, he was placed; affording a memor-
able example of what may be accomplished by a dull discretion." {Lives of the
Chancellors^ cap. 152). "The least able lawyer to whom the great seal of his country
was confided in the course of the 1 8th century." [IFraxall). In Royal Register,
vol. ii, p. 131, reference is also made to "the great disapprobation and universal
surprise which accompanied his elevation to the high post which he now enjoys," and
it is added that "attention, care, and good sense have stood in the stead of practice,
and . . . the Profession as well as the suitors in Chancery are contented with his
conduct, and his decisions. . . . He is by no means rapacious and is very submissive."
V.G.
i^) Apsley farm is in Thakeham, Sussex. Sir Allen Apsley was a cadet of the
Apsleys of Pulborough, who claimed descent from the Apsleys of Thakeham Place.
[ex inform. J. H. Round). V.G.
{^) Foss's Judges.
{f) In this year he was one of the 1 1 peers who voted against the Chatham
annuity Bill, and one of the 4 who protested against it, his companions in this
illiberal, ungracious, and ungrateful proceeding being the Duke of Chandos, the
Archbishop of York (Markham), and Lord Paget de Beaudesert. V.G.
(^) Apsley House, Hyde Park Corner, was built for him between 1771 and
1778 by the brothers Adam. It was sold in 1810 to the Wellesley family by his
successor.
BATHURST 31
1812-27; cr. D.C.L., Oxford, i6 June 1814; Elder Brother of the Trin.
House 1823-34; el. and inv. K.G. 24, inst. 26 July 1817; Lord President
of the Council, 1828-30. He ;«., i Apr. 1789, (spec, lie.) Georgiana,(*)
sister of Charles, 4th Duke of Richmond, and 3rd and yst. da. of Qzn.
Lord George Henry Lennox, by Louisa, da. of William Henry (Kerr),
4th Marquess of Lothian [S.]. He d. 27 July 1834, in Arlington Str.,
aged 72, and was bur. in Kensal Green cemetery, but removed to Cirencester.
Will pr. Sep. i834.('') His widow, who was b. at Goodwood, Sussex,
6 Dec. 1765, d. in Charles Str., Berkeley Sq., 20, and was bur. 22 Jan.
1 841, at Cirencester. Will pr. Mar. 1841.
IV. 1834. 4. Henry George (Bathurst), Earl Bathurst, ^c,
s. and h., b. 24 Feb. 1790; styled Lord Apsley until
1834. Ed. at Eton; matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 21 Oct. 1808; B.A.,
1 811; M.A., 1 8 14; cr. D.C.L., 14 June 1820; M.P. (Tory) for Weobley,
Jan. to Sep. 18 12; for Cirencester, 1812-34. A Commissioner of the India
Board, 18 12-18. He d. unm. at Cirencester, 25 May, and was bur. there
I June 1866, aged 76.
V. 1866. 5. William Lennox (Bathurst), Earl Bathurst,
iifc., br. and h., b. 14 Feb. 1791. Matric. at Oxford
(Ch. Ch.) 21 Oct. 1808, on the same day as his elder br. abovenamed;
Fellow of All Souls' Coll., and B.A., 18 12; M.A., 18 17; cr. D.C.L.
21 June 1870; M.P. (Tory) for Weobley, 18 12-16; Dep. Teller of the
Exchequer, 1816-30; Barrister (Line. Inn) 1821; Commissioner for
Victualling the Navy 1825-29; Joint Secretary to the Board of Trade,
1830-47; Joint Clerk of the Privy Council, 1830-60. He d. unm.,
24 Feb. 1878, in Half Moon Str., Midx., in his 8 8th year.(")
(*) She had previously been engaged to the unfortunate Lord Edward Fitz
Gerald. Lady Sarah Lennox thus describes her in 1780. " Georgina is rather
little, and strongly made. She has little eyes, no eyebrows, a long nose, even teeth,
and the merriest effaces. She has wit, power of satire, and goodnature." V.G.
A portrait of her was painted by Sir Thomas Lawrence, R.A. V.G.
(•>) "He was a very amiable man and with a good understanding, though his
talents were far from brilliant. A High Churchman and a High Tory, but a cool
politician, a bad speaker, a good writer, greatly averse to changes, but unwillingly
acquiescing in many. He was nervous and reserved, with a good deal of humour,
and habitually a jester." {Greville Memoirs, vol. iii, p. 1 15).
" He seems too much to have indulged in a life of indolence, for his friends
speak of him as a man of superior talents, of which, however, he has not given
the world much opportunity to form a judgment. He is said to be sagacious and
sarcastic: full of acute sense and cutting humour." (Sir Egerton Brydges, Biographi-
cal Peerage).
Lady Louisa Stuart says that he was the last man to wear a pigtail, and that in
1828 he cut it off, and sent it round in an official box to his ministerial colleagues.
V.G.
C^) " Everyone who went about London in the seventies will remember the dyed
locks and crimson velvet waistcoat of William, fifth Earl Bathurst." {fiollectiom
and Recollections, lS()S). V.G.
32 BATHURST
VI. 1878. 6. Allen Alexander (Bathurst), Earl Bathurst,
&fc., nephew and h., being only s. and h. of Lieut. Col.
the Hon. Seymour Thomas Bathurst, by Julia, da. of John Peter Han key,
merchant and banker, of London, which Seymour Thomas was next br. to
the 5th Earl, and d. 10 Apr. 1834, in his 39th year. He was b. in Gros-
venor Sq., Midx., 19 Oct., and bap. 26 Nov. 1832, at Cirencester. Ed.
at Eton, and at Trin. Coll. Cambridge; M.A., 1853. M.P. (Conservative)
for Cirencester, 1857-78. He ?«., istly, 31 Jan. 1862, at Tabley chapel, in
Great Budworth, Cheshire, Meriel Leicester, 2nd da. of George (Warren),
2nd Baron de Tabley, by his ist wife, Catharina Barbara, da. of Jerome,
Count de Salis. She was b. 25 Nov. 1839, and d. 6 July 1872, and was
bur. at Valley End, Chobham, Surrey. He m.^ 2ndly, 6 June 1874, at
Fetcham, Surrey, Evelyn Elizabeth Barnard, da. of his cousin, George
James Barnard Han key, of Fetcham Park, by Rebecca Andalusia, da. of
George Barclay, of Burford Lodge, Surrey. He d. i Aug. 1892, aged 59,
at Cirencester, and was bur. there. Will pr. at ;£238,i49.
VIL 1892. 7. Seymour Henry (Bathurst), Earl Bathurst
[1772], Baron Bathurst of Battlesden [17 12], and
Lord Apsley, Baron of Apsley [1771], ist s. and h., by ist wife, b. 21 July
1864, and bap. at St. Geo., Han. Sq.; styled Lord Apsley till 1892, ed. at
Eton. A Conservative. He w., 1 5 Nov. 1 893, at St. Paul's, Knightsbridge,
Lilias Margaret Frances, only da. of Algernon (Borthwick), ist Baron
Glenesk, by Alice Beatrice, da. of Thomas Henry Lister.
[Allen Algernon Bathurst, styled Lord Apsley, ist s. and h. ap., b.
3 Aug. 1895.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 10,320 acres in co.
Gloucester, valued at ;^ 17,700 a year, and 3,343 acres in Derbyshire, at
;r3,468. Total 13,663 acres, of the yearly value of ;^2i,i68. — Principal
Residence. — Oakley Park, near Cirencester, co. Gloucester.
BATTERSEA
See "St. John of Battersea, Surrey," Barony (5/. John), cr. 171 6.
BATTERSEA OF BATTERSEA AND
OVERSTRAND
BARONY. I. Cyril Flower, of Aston Clinton, Bucks, ist s. and
TO h. of Philip William F., of Furze Down, in Streatham,
° Surrey {d. 22 Feb. 1872), by Mary, da. of Jonathan
Flower, was b. 30 Aug. 1843; ed. at Harrow and at
^ '■ Trin. Coll. Cambridge; Barrister (Inner Temple), 1870;
M.P. (Liberal) for Brecknock, 1880-85; ^oi" South Beds, 1885-92;
BATTERSEA 33
Junior Lord of the Treasury, Feb. to July 1886, and was cr., 5 Sep. 1892,
BARON BATTERSEA OF BATTERSEA, co. London ^ AND OF
OVERSTRAND, Norfolk. He m., 22 Nov. 1877, Constance, ist da.
and coh. of Sir Anthony de Rothschild, ist Bart., of Tring Park, Herts,
by Louisa, da. of Abraham Montefiore. He d. s.p., of pneumonia, at
the Pier Hotel, Ryde, Isle of Wight, 27 Nov., and was bur. 2 Dec. 1907,
at Overstrand, aged 64, when the peerage became extinct. Will pr. over
j^ 1 3 6,000 gross, net personalty nil. His widow living 1909.
BATTLESDEN
See " Bathurst of Battlesden, co. Bedford," Barony (Bathursi),
cr. 1 712.
BAVENTO
I. Adam de B.\vent,('=) of Cocking, Heene, Wiston, i^c, Sussex,
s. and h. of Adam de B., by Ahce, da. and h. of William de Wis-
teneston or Wiston, of Wiston and Heene. He was sum. to attend
the King at Shrewsbury' ('') 28 June (1283) 11 Edw. I, by writ directed
y^de de Bavent. He had a grant of free warren in his demesne lands in
Sussex, Surrey, Kent, and Suffolk, i Aug. I285.(^) He w. Alice, da.
and h. of Piers d'Escudamore, of Upton-, Norton-, and Fifield-Scuda-
more, Wilts. He d. about 11 Nov. 1292.0 His widow d. shortly
before 14 Oct. 1300.(8)
BARONY BY 2. Roger de Bavent, of Cocking, (^c, Sussex, Norton-
WRIT. and Fifield-Scudamore (now Fifield-Bavent), Wilts, s. and
J h.(^) He was ^. 22 Mar. 1279/80,31 Wiston, and i-a;).
^ ^' there the same day. He proved his age 6 Oct. I30i.(')
(*) See vol. i, p. 125, note "b." An advanced Liberal, ennobled on Gladstone's
recommendation, and certainly not one of his most successful efforts to adorn the
Upper House. He was one of the numerous peers who have been directors of public
companies. For a list of these (in 1896) see vol. v, Appendix C. V.G.
C") The re-writing of this article has been kindly undertaken by G. W. Watson.
(') There was another family (or line) of Bavent, of Mareham, co. Lincoln, of
which was Robert de Bavent, who has been confused by Dugdale and others with the
Roger mentioned in the text.
('') As to this supposed Pari., see Preface : and as to how far these early writs of
summons did in fact create any peerage title, see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
(') Charter Roll, 13 Edw. I, m. 9.
(') Writ of diem cl. ext. 5 Dec. {Fine Roll, 21 Edw. I, m. 26). Inq., Kent,
Surrey, Sussex, 2 Jan. to 18 Feb. 1292/3. (Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. I, file 64, no. 4:
Exch. Inq. p. m., I, file 2, no. i).
(8) Writ of diem cl. ext. 14 Oct. {Fine Roll, 28 Edw. I, m. 3). There is no
inquisition extant.
C") His arms were, Argent, a chief indented Sable.
(') Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. I, file 103, no. 165.
6
34 BAVENT
He was sum. to Pari. 8 Jan. (1312/3) 6 Edw. II to 14 Mar. (1321/2)
I 5 Edw. II, by writs directed Rogero Bavent or de Bavent, whereby he may
be held to have become LORD BAVENT. Being an adherent of the
Earl of Lancaster, he forfeited his possessions, but they were restored to
him, 17 Feb. 1327. (^) Again sum. to Pari. 27 Jan. (1331/2) 6 Edw. Ill to
I Apr. (1335) 9 Edw. III. He m. Joan. He was living 15 July 1335. (*")
3. Roger de Bavent, of Cocking, Norton- and Fifield-Scudamore,
i^c, s. and h. He was never sum. to Pari. On i July 1344 he granted
all his lands, except the manors of Chiltington and Sloughterford, Sussex,
to the King,('') who regranted them to him for life. He m. Hawise.
He d. 23 Apr. i^SS-^) ^^^ widow was living 13 Oct. 1361.0
4. John Bavent, s. and h., aged 20 and more in June 1357. He
d. s.p. before May 1374,0 leaving Joan, his sister and h. She was wife
of Sir John Dauntsey, of Winterbourne-Dauntsey, Wilts, who ^.31 Oct.
1 39 1, leaving Sir John Dauntsey his s. and h., then aged 34 and more.(«)
BAYHAM OF BAYHAM ABBEY
i.e. " Bayham of Bayham Abbey, Sussex," Viscountcy (Pratt), see
"Camden," Earldom, cr. 1786.
(*) In 1327 he claimed to be one of the heirs of John Giffard of Brimpsfield, as
s. of Alice, da. of Piers Escudamore, s. of Maud, da. of Elias GifFard, grandfather of
the sd. John. But he was of the half blood only, and in 4 Edw. Ill a verdict was
given in favour of John Cailwey, who was of the whole blood. [Coram Rege, Mich.,
I Edw. Ill, m. 119: f/I Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. Ill, file 5, nos. 2, 3, file 14, no. 6).
C") Ch. Inq. p. m. (on William de Grauntson), Edw. Ill, file 43, no. 4.
{^) Deed enrolled on Close Roll, 18 Edw. Ill, pan 2, m. 22d.
(<*) "Rogerus Bavent." Writ of extent 24 May 31 Edw. III. Inq. Sussex,
10 June 1357. "Et dicunt quod predictus Rogerus obiit xxiij" die Aprilis anno
regni regis Edwardi tertii post conquestum xxix proximo preterito [i'V]. Et dicunt
quod Johannes Bavent est filius et heres predicti Rogeri propinquior et etatis modo
viginti annorum et amplius." (Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. Ill, file 137, no. 46).
(<) Close Roll, 36 Edw. Ill, m. 43d.
(') In 1374, Sir John Dauntseye and Joan his wife sued the Prioress of Dart-
ford for the manors of Fifide and Trow, Wilts, as the right of the sd. Joan, da. and
h. of Roger Bavent (s. of Roger) and Hawise his wife. [De Banco, Trinity,
48 Edw. Ill, m. 38). According to Vincent (as cited in Coll. Top. et Gen., vol. vii,
p. 154), John Bavent's h. was his only sister, Eleanor, wife of William de Brewose,
who were parents of John de Brewose, father of Peter. Another account (Dallaway's
Sussex, vol. ii, part ii, p. 139), makes Eleanor sister of the Roger de Bavent who d. in
1355, and mother of Peter. This latter version is possibly true, but no authority is
given. Peter de Brewose and Joan his wife purchased the manors of Wiston, Heene,
{s'c, from the King for looo marks [Patent Roll, 31 Edw. \\\, pars 3, m. i, under
date I Nov. 1357).
(e) Ch. Inq. p. m., Ric. II, file 71, no. 19.
BAYNING 35
BAYNARD or BANYARD
BARONY. I . Robert de Baynard (or Banyard), of Hautboys,
y Norfolk, s. of Robert B. (living 1302), by Joan (living
'^^3' I3i6),(")wassum. toParl. 23 May(i3i3)6Edw. II,('')
and 26 July (13 13) 7 Edw. II, by writs directed Roberto Banyard and
Roberto Baygnard. On 2 8 Apr. 1 3 1 2 he was ordered " to deliver up the
Counties of Norfolk and Suffolk, and the castle of Norwich with its
armour, together with all matters touching the shrievalty." On 7 Sep.
13 12 he had licence to crenellate Hautboys afsd. He was one of the
Justices in Norfolk and Suffolk 13 13-17, and is presumed to be the
same as Robert Baynard, one of the Justices of the King's Bench, who
was sum. as such to Pari. (1329-30) 2 and 3 Edw. III. He d. in 1329/30,
before 22 Feb., when the writ for his Inq. p. m. is dated, Thomas B., his
s. and h., being found to be then aged over 26. He left "a wife named
Maud (J d-3.. of Robert, [ist Lord] Fitzwalter), and a s. named Fulke,
among whose three daughters the inheritance [of his lands in Norfolk]
was afterwards divided."('') No proof, however, occurs of his sitting,
and the writs, unless so supported, do not create a peerage dignity.('^)
BAYNING OF FOXLEY
VISCOUNTCY. I. Anne Murray, 4th da. of Paul (Bayning), ist
, , Viscount Bayning, by Anne, da. of Sir Henry Glemham,
■ ^ '^ was bap. 23 Apr. 1 619, at St. Olave's, Hart Str., London,
, _ and w., 26 Nov. 1635, at St. Mildred's, Poultry, Henry
' ' Murray, (paternal uncle of William Murray, ist Earl of
Dysart) a Groom of the Bedchamber to Charles I. He was living Sep.
1638, but d. before i May 1673, and was bur. in the Savoy Church,
Midx. On 17 Mar. 1673/4, she was cr. VISCOUNTESS BAYNING OF
FOXLEY, Berks,('')/or/^^. She m., 2ndly (lie. at Fac. off. i Aug. 1674),
Sir John Barer, of St. Paul's, Covent Garden, Midx., M.D. (a widower),
who was bur. there 3 Apr. 1704, aged 79. She d. s.p.m.s., Oct. 1678,
aged 59, and was bur. in the Savoy Church afsd., when her (life) Peerage
C) Feudal Aids.
i^) For a consideration of early writs of summons, and of how far in their origin
they constituted a peerage dignity, see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
("=) Foss, "Judges of England^ giving as his authority Cal. Inq. p. m., vol. ii,
pp. 30, 148.
(■*) Robert Banyard was found to have held the manor of Yately, Norfolk, for
life by the courtesy of England, of the inheritance of Lucy, da. of Roger atte Asshe,
whom Robert, son of Robert Banyard, married, and the afsd. Lucy is of full age.
{Close Roll, 29 Nov. 1330). Fulk Banyard, probably grandfather of the peer, was
collector of the fortieths in Norfolk in 1232 {Close Roll). V.G.
(') Sic, but Qy. if not an error for Wilts or Norfolk.
36 BAYNING
became extinct. "Will dat. i8 Nov. 1676, confirmed 10 and pr. 30 Oct.
1678.
BARONY. I. Charles Townshend, only s. and h. of the Hon.
X William T.(") of Honingham Hall, Norfolk (3rd surv.
'^'' s. of Charles, 2nd Viscount Townshend), by Henrietta,
da. of Lord William Powlett (2nd s. of Charles, ist Duke of Bolton),
by his 2nd wife, Anne, only da. and h. of Major Gen. Randolf Egerton,
of Betley, co. Stafford, by his wife (to whom, however, the said Anne
was «o/ coh.), the Hon. Elizabeth Murray, ist da. and coh. of Anne, suo
jure Viscountess Bayning abovenamed. He was b. 27 Aug., and bap.
6 Sep. 1728, at Twickenham; was ed. at Eton, and at Clare Hall, Cambridge;
M.A., 1749; was appointed Secretary to the Embassy to Spain, 17 Sep.
1751; M.P.('') for Yarmouth, 1756-84 and i790-96;('=) a Lord of the
Admiralty, 1765-70; of the Treasury 1770-77; Joint Vice Treasurer [I.],
1777-82; P.C. 20 June 1777; Treasurer of the Navy, Apr. to Dec. 1783.
On 20 Oct. 1797, he was cr. BARON BAYNING OF FOXLEY, Berks.('^)
He m., 21 Aug. 1777, (spec, lie.) at Lambeth Palace, his cousin (once
removed), Annabella, sister and h. of Powlet Smith-Powlet, of Sombourne,
Hants, and da. of the Rev. Richard Smith, of Itchen, Hants, by Annabella,
da. and h. of WilHam Powlett, s. and h. of Lord William Powlett above-
named. (") He d. 19 May 18 10, after a few hours' illness, aged 81. Will
pr. June 18 10. His widow, who was b. at Sombourne, d. at Chislehurst,
3 Jan. 1825. Admon. Apr. 1825.
II. 1 8 10. 2. Charles Frederick Powlett (Townshend, after-
wards Powlett), Baron Bayning of Foxley, s. and h.,
b. 26 Sep., and bap. 3 Nov. 1785, at St. Geo., Han. Sq. Ed. at Trin.
Coll. Cambridge; M.A., 1808; M.P. (Tory) for Truro 1808-10. He d.
unm., 2 Aug. 1823, at Winchester, aged 37. Will pr. Sep. 1823.
III. 1823 3. Henry (Townshend, afterwards William Powlett),
to Baron Bayning of Foxley, br. and h., b. 8 June, and
1886. bap. 6 July 1797, at St. Geo., Han. Sq. Ed. at Eton,
and at St. John's CoU. Cambridge; M.A., 181 8. In
(*) He is called, by George II, "a silent, proud, surly, wrong-headed booby."
(Lord Hervey's Memoirs). V.G.
('') He was a Whig until 1770; he then supported Lord North's Tory Govt.,
and afterwards the Coalition, and was one of " Fox's Martyrs " (see vol. i v, Appendix A),
losing his seat at the general election of 1784: in the Pari, of 1790-96, he voted with
Pitt. As a peer he acted uniformly with the Tories. V.G.
(■=) See A^. & Q., loth Ser., vol. xi, p. 282, for a long article, by the Rev. A. B.
Beaven, on the two Charles Townshends and their Pari. Constituencies, which are
given wrongly in the Officio/ Return, Diet. Nat. Biog., and elsewhere. V.G.
{^) See note " e " on previous page.
(') See full account and pedigree of " Powlett, Lords of Marrick, co. York," in
Coll. Top. et Gen., vol. v, p. 256.
BAYNING 37
holy orders, sometime Rector of Brome (with Oakley), SufFolk, and subse-
quently Vicar of Honingham, Norfolk. By royal lie, 8 Sep. 1823, he
took the name of William-Powlett, being that of his maternal great grand-
father, in lieu of his patronymic. A Tory in politics. He m., 9 Aug.
1842, at Ramsey, Hunts, Emma, da. of William Henry Fellowes, of
Ramsey Abbey, co. Huntingdon, by Emma, da. of Richard Benyon, of
Englefield House, Berks. He d. s.p.s., 5 Aug. i866,(^) at Honingham
Hall afsd., of paralysis, aged 69, when the Peerage became extinct. His
widow d. 10 Nov. 1887, aged 80. Will pr. 24 Dec. 1887, above ;^50,ooo.
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 4,323 acres in Norfolk,
occupied by the Dowager Baroness Bayning, of the yearly value of ;^5,4i9.
BAYNING OF HORKESLEY, AND BAYNING
OF SUDBURY
BARONY AND i . Paul Bayning, s. and h. ap. of Paul B., of Bentley,
VISCOUNTCY. Essex, and of St. Olave's, Hart Str., London, Merchant,
Alderman and Sheriff of that city, by his 2nd wife,
I. 1628. Susanna, da. and coh. of Edward Norden, of Mistley,
Essex, was bap. 28 Apr. 1588, at St. Olave's afsd., and
on 24 Sep. 161 1 was {v. p.) cr. a Baronet, being subsequently (19 July 16 14)
knighted. On i Oct. 16 16 he sue. his father; in 1617 was Sheriff of
Essex. On 27 Feb. 1627/8, he was cr. BARON BAYNING OF HOR-
KESLEY, Essex, and on 8 Mar. following VISCOUNT BAYNING OF
SUDBURY, Suffolk. He w., in or before 16 13, Anne, da. of Sir Henry
Glemham, of Glemham, Suffolk, by Anne, da. of Thomas (Sackville), ist
Earl of Dorset. He d. at his house in Mark Lane, London, 29 July,
and was bur. i Oct. 1629, at St. Olave's afsd., aged 41, leaving vast estates
in Essex and Suffolk, and ;i^i 53,000 personalty. Will dat. 12 July, pr.
14 Oct. 1629. Inq.p. m. 5 and 6 Car. I. His widow ;«., as his 2nd wife,
14 June 1630, Dudley (Carleton), Viscount Dorchester, who d. s.p.s.,
15 Feb. 1631/2. She d. at Westm. 10, and was bur. 31 Jan. 1638/9, at
Gosfield, Essex. Will dat. i and 3 Sep. 1638, pr. 15 Jan. 1638/9.
II. 1629 2. Paul (Bayning), Viscount Bayning of Sudbury,
to and Baron Bayning of Horkesley, and a Baronet, only
1638. s. and h., bap. 4 Mar. 161 5/6, at St. Olave's afsd., paid
;^i 8,000 fine to the King for his Wardship. Matric.('')
at Oxford (Ch. Ch.), 15 June 1632; B.C.L.; B.A. 12 Sep. 1633. He w.,
25 Aug. 1624, at Hitchin, Herts, Penelope, only da. and h. of Sir Robert
Naunton, Master of the Court of Wards and Liveries, and Sec. of
(^) He had a s. and h., Charles William, h. at Honingham Hall, afsd., 8 Nov.
1844, who d. there v.p., 9 June 1864.
C") In the Matric. reg. he is called "Baro de Nayland, Essexiensis, Vicecomes
Bayning de Sudbury." J. H. Round writes: — " Horkesley (Essex) adjoined Nayland
(Suffolk) and was included in the great manor of Nayland at the time of Domesday."
38
BAYNING
State to James I, by Penelope, da. of Sir Thomas Perrot, and grand-
daughter of Walter (Devereux), Earl of Essex. He d. s.p.m.^ 1 1 June
1638, at Little Bentley Hall, Essex, and was bur. at Little Bentley,(°)
aged 22, when all his honours became extinct. Will dat. 6 Dec. 1634, pr.
9 Oct. 1638. Fun. certif. in P.R.O. His widow, who was b. at Charing
Cross, and bap. 1 Oct. 1620 at St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, w., as his ist
wife, 28 Mar. 1639, Philip Herbert, styled Lord Herbert, afterwards 5th
Earl of Pembroke (who d. 1 1 Dec. 1669). She d. in or before 1647, at
Westm. Admon. 25 Jan. 1647/8.
BEACONSFIELD
VISCOUNTCY. I. Mary Anne Disraeli, wife of the Rt. Hon. Ben-
I 1 8^8 jamin Disraeli, First Lord of the Treasury, afterwards
J. (1876), cr. Earl of Beaconsfield (see below), was, on the
o retirement of her husband from office, cr., 30 Nov. 1868,
i»72. VISCOUNTESS BEACONSFIELD, Bucks, with rem.
of the said Peerage to the heirs male of her body. She was da. of John
Evans, Commander R.N., sometime of Exeter, by his cousin, Eleanor
Scrope, da. of the Rev. James Viney,('') B.C.L., sometime of Gloucester.
She is said to have been b. in 1789. By the death, 2 July 1834, of her
only surv. br., John Viney-Evans {b. posthumous 1794), she became h. to
her uncle. Gen. Sir James Viney, of Taunton Manor, co. Gloucester, K.C.H.
and C.B. She ;«., istly, in 18 16, Wyndham Lewis, of Pantwynglass
Castle, CO. Glamorgan, who (being then M.P. for Maidstone) d. s.p.
14 Mar. 1838. She m., 2ndly, 28 Aug. 1839, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Ben-
jamin Disraeli (abovenamed), whose political success she made her prime
study. She d. s.p., 18 Dec. 1872, aged 76 ('^) at Hughenden, Bucks, and
was bur. there, when the Peerage became extinct.(^) Admon. 8 May 1874.
(f) Of his two daughters and coheirs (who both d. s.p.), Penelope, the yr. (post-
humous), wife of the Hon. John Herbert, was b. 3 Nov. 1638, and was bur. I May
1657, at Westm. Abbey; and Anne, the elder, b. 1 May 1637, ist wife of Aubrey
(de Vere) 20th Earl of Oxford, was bur. there 27 Sep. 1659. Both these daughters
d. s.p., and their father's great estates were divided among his 4 sisters; (i) Cicely,
who m. Viscount Newark; (2) Elizabeth, who m. Francis, Lord Dacre; (3) Mary,
who m., istly, Viscount Grandison, and 2ndly, the Earl of Anglesey; and (4) Anne,
cf. Viscountess Bayning. V.G.
('') James, s. of William Viney Esquire, of the city of Gloucester, matric.
at Oxford (Oriel Coll.), 2 June 1747, being then aged 17; B.C.L. (St. Mary Hall),
22 Feb. 1754.
(f) So in reg. of death. In the obituary to IVhltaker^s Aimanac it is 83, while
{per contra) the date of 1 1 Nov. 1798, has been assigned to her birth, which would
make her two years younger than her husband (in the said reg.) stated her to have been.
if) Sir William Gregory, in his autobiography (1894), gives the following rather
spiteful account of her. — "She was a most repulsive woman: flat, angular, under-
bred, with a harsh, grating voice; and though by no means a fool, yet constantly
BEACONSFIELD 39
EARLDOM. I. Benjamin D'Israeli,(^) s. and h. of Isaac D'L, of
. J, ^ Hughenden Manor, Bucks (purchased in 1847, the year
' before his death), and of Bradenham, BuckSjC") by Mary,
„„ da. of Nathan Basevi, of Billiter Sq., London. He was
b. 21 Dec. i8o4,('') in his father's apartments at the
Adelphi,('^) Westminster, and was bap. when twelve years old, 31 July
1 8 17, at St. Andrew's, Holborn, "from King's Road," his father having
been, during that period, converted from the Jewish to the Christian
faith. He began the profession of the law,('') which, however, through
ill health he discontinued, and, going abroad, began his career as author,
his first novel being Vivian Grey, pub. in 1826. His subsequent literary
and political career (more especially the latter) is a matter of history. He
was M.P. (Conservative) for Maidstone, 1837-41; for Shrewsbury, 1841-
47; and for Buckinghamshire (nearly 30 years), 1847 to 1876, having
sue. to Hughenden in that co. by the death of his father, 19 Jan. 1848.
P.C. 27 Feb. 1852. He was thrice Chancellor of the Exchequer, viz.
(i) Feb. to Dec. 1852, (2) Feb. 1858 to June 1859, and (3) July
1866 to Feb. 1868; was twice First Lord oj the Treasury (Prime
saying stupid things, most frequently about him, which tended to make him ridicu-
lous; as, for instance, when the conversation turned on some man's fine complexion —
' Ah,' said she, ' I wish you could only see Dizzy in his bath, then you would know
what a fine skin is.' "
In The Table Talk of Shirley, by John Skelton, there is also a description of her
and her husband. " Old Lady Ruthven was there — a miraculous old woman. She
and Mrs. Disraeli, sitting over the fire with their feet on the fender, made between
them the funniest pair — the witches in ' Macbeth ' or what you will. And the
mighty wizard himself. ... I had never seen him in the daylight before, and the
daylight accentuates his strangeness. The face is more like a mask than ever, and the
division between him and mere mortals more marked. I would as soon have thought
of sitting down at table with Hamlet, or Lear, or the Wandering Jew." V.G.
(*) He adopted the form Disraeli instead of D'Israeli in or about 1838. V.G.
(•>) He was the well-known author of Curiosities of Literature, ^c.
("=) Date of birth as registered at the Spanish Synagogue, Bevis Marks.
(A''. & 0., 9th Ser., vol. iv, p. 527).
{^) According to his own statement in his last illness. In a proposal for insuring
his life (1824) he, however, assigned St. Mary Axe as his birthplace. According to
others he was h. at 22 Theobald's Road, at the corner of John Str., formerly
6 King's Road. See a full account of his pedigree, a copy of will, &c., in Foster's
Collectanea, pp. 6 to 1 6 and p. 60.
(') A paragraph in The Standard, 23 Dec. 1904, quotes the following from
The Law Times. — " Having spent three years in a City solicitor's office, he became a
student at Lincoln's Inn. He ceased his connection with the Inn in 1831, when
the Benchers made the following entry in their records: — 'Upon the petition of
Benjamin Disraeli, Esq., a Fellow of this Society, praying that his name may be
taken off the Books, his health not permitting him to follow the profession of the
Law. It is ordered accordingly, on the usual terms.' Seven years later the Benchers
made a similar entry in regard to Disraeli's great rival. . . . Who shall say how
different wonld have been the history of the country if these two men had been rivals
in the Courts instead of the Senate?"
40 BEACONSFIELD
Minister), viz. (i) Feb. to Dec. 1868, and (2) Mar. 1874 to Apr.
1880; Lord Privy Seal, 1876-78. Trustee of the Nat. Portrait Gall,
from 1856, and of the Brit. Museum from 1863 till his death; Elder
Brother of the Trin. House 1866-81; LL.D. of Edinburgh 30 Oct. 1867;
Lord Rector of the Univ. of Glasgow 1871-77; was cr. D.C.L. of Oxford,
7 June 1873; and LL.D. of Glasgow 1873; F.R.S. 10 Feb. 1876. On
21 Aug. 1876 he was cr. VISCOUNT HUGHENDEN OF HUGHEN-
DEN, Bucks, and EARL OF BEACONSFIELD in the said co. In 1 878
(6 June to 16 July) he (with the Marquess of Salisbury) was Joint Pleni-
potentiary to the Congress of the European Powers at Berlin. On 22 July
1878 he was invested at Osborne as K.G. Under the will, sworn under
;{^40,ooo, of Sarah Willyams, widow (relict of James Brydges Willyams, of
Carmanton, Cornwall), who J. on 11 Nov. 1863, being da. and h. of
Mendez da Costa, a Portuguese, he had inherited her fortune. He m.
Mary Anne, suo jure Viscountess Beaconsfield abovenamed. He d. s.p.,
19 Apr. 1 88 1, at 19 Curzon Str., Mayfair, in his 77th year, and was bur.
at Hughenden afsd., when the Peerage became extinct.(^) Will dat.
16 Dec. 1878, pr. 29 June 1881, wherein he devises his real estate to
his (only) nephew Coningsby Ralph Disraeli {b. 25 Feb. 1867), only s. of
his only surv. br. Ralph (formerly Raphael) Disraeli, Deputy Clerk of
the Parliaments. Personalty ;^76,687.
BEARHAVEN see BEREHAVEN
BEAUCHAMP
VISCOUNTCY. I. Sir Edward Seymour,('') br. to Jane, the then Queen
J J ^ Consort, was cr. VISCOUNT BEAUCHAMP,('=) on
^^ 5 June 1536, and subsequently, 18 Oct. 1537 and
16 Feb. 1547, Earl of Hertford and Duke of Somer-
^^ ' set, £s?c. See "Somerset," Dukedom of, cr. 1547. All
his honours were forfeited 1552, and none, except the Dukedom of
Somerset, were ever restored.
(*) " He had gained the affectionate regard of no small portion of the working
classes . . . even his political opponents respected his courage, his penetrating
judgments, his dignified firmness. . . . He lived to be an idol, and died to become a
tradition, for almost half his countrymen; and the anniversary of his death came to
be kept as a kind of Saint's Day by ardent Conservatives." (Low and Sanders'
Political History of England^ 1837-1901). By a political opponent this brilliant
statesman was said to be a first rate Courtier, a second rate novelist, and a third rate
politician. V.G.
C") He was descended from Sir Roger Seymour, and Cicely, ist sister and coh.
of John (de Beauchamp), Lord Beauchamp of Somerset (who was of Hatch in that
county), on whose death in 136 1 that Barony had fallen into abeyance.
(■=) Only 1 1 Viscountcies had been conferred in England hitherto, this being
the 1 2th. For a list of early Viscountcies see note iub Walter, Viscount Hereford
[1550].
BEAUCHAMP 41
BARONY. I. Edward Seymour, yr. s. (eldest s. by 2nd wife) of
Edward, Duke of Somerset, Earl of Hertford and
1- 1559- Viscount Beauchamp, was, on 13 Jan. 1 558/9, (") cr.
BARON BEAUCHAMP, and Earl of Hertford, all of which honours
became extinct in 1750. See " Hertford," Earldom, cr. 1559, extinct i-] ^o.
BEAUCHAMP
i.e. " MoNCK OF Potheridge, Beauchamp and Teyes," Barony
{Monck). See "Albemarle," Dukedom, cr. 1660 ; extinct 1688.
BEAUCHAMP
VISCOUNTCY. I. Francis (Seymour-Conway), Lord Conway,
descended in the male line from Edward Seymour,
^75°- Viscount Beauchamp (so cr. 1536, and, subsequently.
Earl of Hertford and Duke of Somerset, as above), was on 3 Aug. 1750
cr. VISCOUNT BEAUCHAMP and Earl of Hertford, with a spec,
rem. See "Hertford," Earldom, cr. il^o.
BEAUCHAMP
EARLDOM. I. William Lygon, of Madresfield Court, co. Wor-
. Q cester, only s. and h. of Reginald Lygon,('') formerly
•>' Pyndar, of the same, by Susanna, da. of William Hanmer,
of Bettisfield, co. Flint, and Esther, da. of Humphrey Jennens, was b.
25 July 1747; matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 2 May 1764; sue. his father
25 Dec. 1788, was M.P.('=) for Worcestershire, 1775 to 1806, and having
been, since 1783, a steady supporter of Pitt, was en, 26 Feb. 1 806, BARON
BEAUCHAMP OF POWYK, co. Worcester,(i) and, on i Dec. 18 15,
was cr. VISCOUNT ELMLEY and EARL BEAUCHAMP.(^) He m.,
(^) It is generally said that the titles conferred 5 June 1536 and 13 Jan. 1559
were " Beauchamp o/'//«f/!<', CO. Somerset," but in neither instance are the words
"of Hache" given in the patent. See Creations, 1483-1646, in App., 47th Rep. of
the Dep. Keeper P.R.
C") This Reginald was s. and h. of Reginald Pyndar, of Kempley, co. Gloucester,
by Margaret, da. (whose issue was h.) of William Lygon, of Madresfield, co. Worcester,
a descendant of Richard Lygon, who m. Anne, yr. da. and coh. of Richard (Beau-
champ), Lord Beauchamp of Powick. See note "e," page 47.
He was a Whig till 1783. V.G.
{^) See under " Beauchamp of Powick."
(*) According to the Creevy papers, "his wife gave McMahon ^^10,000 for
getting him advanced from a Baron to an Earl." V.G. As to the omission of the
word "of" in the title of an Earldom, see note sub Charles, Earl Cadogan [1800].
7
42 BEAUCHAMP
I Nov. 1780, Catharine,(*) da. of James Denn, by his 2nd wife, Margaret
(m. 1754 in London), da. of Hugh Brice, of Somerset, and ( — ), da. of
( — ) HipPESLEY. He d. suddenly, 21 Oct. 18 16, of apoplexy in St.
James's Sq., aged 69. Will pr. Apr. 18 17, and again June 1844. His
widow d. 2 Mar. 1 844, in St. James's Sq., at an advanced age. Will pr.
same month.
II. 1816. 2. William Beauchamp (Lygon), Earl Beauchamp,
fePc, s. and h., styled Viscount Elmley from i8i5toi8i6.
Matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 28 Jan. 1 801, then aged 18; B.A., 1804;
M.A., 1808; M.P. (Tory) for Worcestershire, 1806-16; F.R.S. 6 Dec.
1 8 10; a Commissioner for Exchequer bills, 18 15. He d. unm., 12 May
1823, at Madresfield Court, aged 41. Will pr. July 1823.
III. 1823. 3. John, otherwise John Reginald (PYNDARj/orw^r/y
Lygon), Earl Beauchamp, fc?c., br. and h. Matric. at
Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 29 May 1802, then aged 18; B.A., 1806; M.A., 1808.
He took the name of Pyndar only (his family's patronymic) by Royal lie.
22 Oct. 1 8 13. A Tory in politics. He w., istly, 14 Mar. 18 14, Char-
lotte, da. of John Henry (Scott), ist Earl of Clonmell [I.], by his 2nd
wife, Margaret, da. of Patrick Lawless. She, who was b. 11 May 1787,
d. 26 Apr. 1846, aged 58, at Brighton. Will pr. June 1846. He m.,
2ndly, II Feb. 1850, at St. Mary's, Bryanston Sq., Catharine, widow of
Henry Murray, and 3rd da. and coh. of Sarah, suo jure Baroness Braye,
by Henry Otway. He d. s.p., 22 Jan. 1853, aged 70, in Portman Sq.,
and was l?ur. at St. Marylebone. M.I. at Newland, near Malvern. Will
pr. Feb. 1853. His widow d. 4 Nov. 1875, at 75 Grosvenor Sq. Will
dat. 27 Apr. 1867 to 21 July 1875, pr. 17 Feb. 1876, under ;^i20,ooo.
IV. 1853. 4. Henry Beauchamp (Lygon), Earl Beauchamp,
&'c., br. and h., b. 5 Jan. 1784. Matric. at Oxford (Ch.
Ch.) 27 Jan. 1803. M.P. (Tory) for Worcestershire, 18 16-31; for West
Worcestershire, 1832-53; joined the army, 1803, being in the 13th and
1 6th Light Dragoons, and subsequently (18 15) in the ist Life Guards;
Lieut. Col. thereof, 1821-37; Major Gen. 1837; Lieut. Gen. 1846; Gen.
1854; Col. of loth Hussars, 1843-63; and Col. of the 2nd Life Guards and
Gold Stick, Apr. to Sep. 1863. He m., 8 July 1 824, at St. Geo., Han. Sq.,
Susan Caroline, 2nd da. of William (Eliot), 2nd Earl of St. Germans,
by his 1st wife, Georgiana Augusta, da. of Granville (Leveson-Gower), ist
Marquess of Stafford. She was b. 12 Apr. 1801, and d. 15 Jan. 1835,
at Port Eliot. He d. 8 Sep. 1863, at Madresfield, aged 79.
V. 1863. 5. Henry (Lygon), Earl Beauchamp, &'c., 2nd, but
1st surv.C") s. and h., i>. 13 Feb. 1829. Ed. at Eton.
(*) Both she and her mother were great beauties; their portraits are at Madres-
field, The credit for discovering her mother's name and parentage is due to the
present (19 10) Lord Raglan. V.G.
C-) His elder br., William, b. 2 Jan. 1828, d. 1834.
BEAUCHAMP 43
M.P. (Conservative) for West Worcestershire, 1853-63. Cornet in the
1st Life Guards, 1848; Capt. 1854., He d. unm., 4 Mar. 1866, of
consumption, at 13 Belgrave Sq., aged 37.
VI. 1866. 6. Frederick (Lygon), Earl Beauchamp, tfc, next
and only surv. br. and h., b. 10 Nov. 1830. Ed. at
Eton, 1844-47; rnatric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 15 Dec. 1848; Pres. of the
Oxford Union Soc. i85i.(") B.A. and Fellow of All Souls' Coll., 1852;
M.A., 1856; cr. D.C.L. 22 June 1870; M.P. (Conservative) for Tewkes-
bury, 1857-63; for West Worcestershire, 1863-66; a Lord of the Admiralty,
Mar. to June 1859; Lord Steward of the Household, 1874-80; P.C.
2 Mar. 1874; Lord Lieut, of Worcestershire, 1876 till his death; one of the
Council of Keble Coll. Oxford. Paymaster Gen. 1885-86, and 1886-87.
He w., istly, 18 Feb. 1868, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Mary Catherine, da. of
Philip Henry (Stanhope), 5th Earl Stanhope, by Emily Harriet, da. of
G^n. Sir Edward Kerrison, Bart. She was b. 3 Feb. 1844, and d. 30 June
i876.('') He OT., 2ndly, 24 Sep. 1878, at Perlethorpe, Notts, Emily
Annora Charlotte, ist da. of Sydney William (Pierrepont), 3rd Earl
Manvers, by Georgiana Jane Elizabeth Fanny de Franquetot, da. of
Gustave, Duke de Coigny in France. She was b. \(> Mar. 1853. He d.
19 Feb. 1 891, suddenly, at dinner, of heart disease, at Madresfield Court,
aged 6o.('') Will pr. at ^^i 14,741. His widow living 1909.
VII. 1 891. 7. William (Lygon), Earl Beauchamp [18 15], Vis-
count Elmley [1855] and Baron Beauchamp of Powyk
[1806], 1st s. and h. by ist wife; b. 20 Feb. 1872, in London; styled
Viscount Elmley till 1891; ed. at Eton and at Ch. Ch. Oxford; Pres.
of the Oxford Union Soc. i893;(*) Mayor of Worcester, 1895-96.
Member of London School Board (Finsbury) 1897-99. K.C.M.G. 16 Feb.
1899; Gov. of New South Wales, 1 899-1902 ;('') P.C. 8 Jan. 1906;
(*) For a list of peers who have held this and the corresponding position at
Cambridge, see vol. iv, Appendix F. V.G.
(^) "Lady Beauchamp was a remarkable woman, clever, accomplished, well
educated, with a great deal of her father's gift of conversation, and love of Society."
{Memories of Fifty Tears, by Lady St. Helier, 1909, p. 94). V.G.
(') Archbishop Benson writes of him on his death, — " People did not like his
brusque, straight address, as I did. Was a very smart, bright man, and a little
chimerical — gaily dressed, and brushed, and beneath a most loving son of the
Church." V.G.
(^) By a display of quite exceptional tactlessness, he managed to produce a bad
impression in the colony he was to govern before he had set foot in it. On landing
in Australia, he was asked by a reporter if he had any message which might be com-
municated, and the noble lord replied by quoting the line, " Her birth stains she has
turned to good." This patronising reference to the improved moral standard of
N. S. Wales, and injudicious allusion to its convict origin, was naturally resented,
and led to some Sydney wag parodying the well-known quack advertisement thus,
"Beauchamp's pills cure Birth stains." He holds his present (19 10) office from the
Liberal Govt, as he did his Colonial Governorship from the Conservative. The
44 BEAUCHAMP
Capt. of the Gentlemen at Arms (Liberal) 1906-07; Lord Steward 1907-10;
President of the Council 19 10.
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of about 10,600 acres in co.
Worcester (worth about ^^ 18,000 a year), about 2,900 in co. Lincoln, 2,400
in CO. Gloucester, 1,000 in co. Warwick and 700 in co. Hereford. Total
about 17,600 acres, valued at about ^^2 5,000 a year. Principal Residence. —
Madresfield Court, co. Worcester.
BEAUCHAMP DE ST. AMAND
See " St. Amand," Barony, cr. 1299, from the date of 1449 to 1508.
BEAUCHAMP OF BERGAVENNY
See "Abergavenny," Barony (Nevill), 1392 to 1408.
BEAUCHAMP (of Bletsoe)
BARONY BY i. Roger Beauchamp, of Bletsoe, co. Bedford, and of
WRIT. Lydiard Tregoz, Wilts, sometimes said to be a yr. s. of
T /■ Giles B. (living 1346), s. of Walter B., of Powick, co.
J J- Worcester, who was a yr. s. of William Beauchamp,
of Elmley, by Isabel Mauduit, heiress of the Earls of Warwick.('') He
is described as King's Yeoman on 24 Apr. 1337. Keeper of Devizes
Castle, granted to him by Queen Philippe as "her bachelor," 26 Oct.
1340. As early as 1346 he served in the French wars; was made Captain
OF Calais in 1372. He was sum. to Pari, from i June (1363) 37 Edw. Ill
to 20 Oct. (1379) 3 Ric. II, by writs directed Rogero de Bella Campo^i^')
whereby he may be held to have become LORD BEAUCHAMP.C^) He
was Lord Chamberlain of the Household (1376-77) 50 Edw. III. He m.,
istly, before 1 22^/7 ("'^ ^ Jan. 1348/9 the manor of Lydiard Tregoz was
confirmed to him and his wife), Sibyl, ist of the four sisters and coheirs of
Sir William Patshull, da. of Sir John Patshull, of Bletsoe afsd., by Mabel,
da. and in her issue coh. of William de Grandson [Lord Grandson], of
Lydiard Tregoz. She, who was living 26 Oct. 135 1, was l>ur. at the Black-
friars, London. Esch. (1359) 33 Edw. III. He w., 2ndly, Margaret. He
rewards to political "rats" who have gone, or in some cases returned, to the Liberal
fold, have of late been unprecedented in number; since 1906 they comprise 6 Peer-
ages and 5 Baronetcies, I Cabinet Office, and 5 other ministerial posts, I Colonial
Governorship, and 2 Knighthoods of St. Patrick. What joy must have been felt over,
and by, repentant sinners! V.G.
(') This Roger is stated in Dugdale (who, however, does not give his parentage)
to be grandson of the above-mentioned Walter Beauchamp of Alcester.
i^) There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
(■=) As to how far these early writs of summons did in fact create a peerage title,
see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
BEAUCHAMP (of Bletsoe) 45
d. 3 Jan. (1379/80) 3 RIc. II. Will dat. 19 Dec. 1379, reg. at Lincoln,
directing his burial to be at the Blackfriars. His 2nd wife survived him.
Roger Beauchamp, grandson and h., being s. and h. of Roger B.,
who d. v.p., s. and h. ap. of the ist Baron. He was never sum. to Pari.,
nor were any of his descendants. He was aged 17 in 1380, and made
proof of his age (1374) 7 Ric. II, when he had livery of all his lands, 'viz.
Bletsoe, co. Bedford, Bloxham and Spelsbury, Oxon, and Lydiard Tregoz,
Wilts. He was a knight. In 1395 he attended the King into Ireland.
He m. Joan Clopton. He d. 3 May 1406.
John Beauchamp, s. and h. He had livery of his lands (1406-07)
8 Hen. IV. In Jan. 1405/6, hew., or was about to w., Margaret, da.
of Sir John Holand.(^) He m., later, Edith, da. of Sir John Stourton.
He d. about 1412. His widow m. Sir Robert Shottesbrooke, and d.
13 June 1441.
John Beauchamp, only s. and h., aged two years at his father's
death. He d. young and unm.,('') when the right to any Barony cr. by
the summons of 1363 would (according to modern doctrine) have
devolved on his sister and sole heir.('')
BEAUCHAMP OF KIDDERMINSTER
BARONY. I. John Beauchamp, s. and h. of Richard B.,(<^) of
,~,, r Holt, CO. Worcester, by Eustache, sue. his father in
h P «• t\ 1327, before 17 Dec, when the writ for Richard's Inq.
^ '' p. m. is dated, being then eight years old. He was in
(*) Lie, for lOOi^. paid to the King by John s. of Roger Beauchamp kt., for the
said Roger to enfeoff him, and Margaret, da. of John de Holand, of the county
of Northampton, Chivaler, and the heirs of the bodies, of the manor of Bloxham, co.
Oxford. [Patent Roll, 23 Jan. 1 405/6). V.G.
C') A certain Piers Beauchamp m. Katherine, da. of Sir John Maningham. She
remarried WilHam St. George [d. 1 1 Edw. IV), who in her right is said to have held
the manor of Lydiard Tregoz. See Cal. Patent Rolls, 1444, p. 32. V.G.
{^) This was Margaret, who, for her 2nd husband, m. John (Beaufort), Duke
of Somerset, by whom she was mother of an only child, Margaret Beaufort, wife of
Edmund (Tudor), Earl of Richmond, and mother of Henry VII. Margaret
Beauchamp had, however, issue male by her ist husband, Sir Oliver St. John, in
which family the estates and representation of the family of Beauchamp of Bletsoe
remained, till about 1600, when the representation (though not the estates), passed
through the families of Howard and Mordaunt, to that of Gordon, being now (1910)
vested in the representatives of the sisters and coheirs of George, 5 th Duke of Gordon
[S.], who^. s.p. 1836.
('') This Richard (according to Dugdale) d. 1327, being s. and h. of John B., of
Holt (living 1297), who was a yr. s. of William B., of Elmley, by Isabel Mauduit.
See also under Beauchamp (of Bletsoe) on previous page.
46 BEAUCHAMP OF KIDDERMINSTER
I. 1387 the French wars, was an Esquire of the King's Cham-
to ber, received Knighthood in Scotland, was Justice of
1388. North Wales, and subsequently (1387) Steward of the
King's Household, In which year, on 10 Oct. (1387)
11 Ric. II, he was by patent (^) (being the first instance of the kind) cr.
LORD DE BEAUCHAMP, BARON OF KIDDERMINSTER,^) but,
though sum. to Pari, by writ, 17 Dec. 1387, never took his seat. A few
months afterwards he (with two others) was Impeached, 12 Mar. 1387/8, by
the " wonderful " Pari., and beheaded on Tower Hill, when his honours
heczmc forfeited. He m., between 1327 and i373-4,C') Joan, da. and h.
of Robert le Fitzwith. She was living Oct. 1384. He d., as afsd.,
12 May 1388, and was bur. in Worcester Cathedral.
II. 1398 2. John Beauchamp, s. and h., a godson of Richard II,
to ten years of age at his father's death. He, In (1398)
1400. 21 Ric. II (by the reversal of the attainder and forfeiture
of II Ric. II), became LORD DE BEAUCHAMP,
BARON OF KIDDERMINSTER. He accompanied the King Into
Ireland the next year. The proceedings of 11 Ric. II being reaffirmed
(1400) I Hen. IV, his honours again ^ttzix-nt forfeited. He was Escheator
of CO. Worcester (1406-07) 8 Hen. IV. He d. s.p., Sep. i42o,('^) aged 42,
when the issue male of his father having failed, the Barony (which had for
the last 20 years been under attainder) became extinct.
BEAUCHAMP OF POWICK
BARONY. I. John Beauchamp, 3rd('=) s. of Sir William B.,(')
(*) For a list of, and some remarks on. Baronies cr. by patent before the
1 6th century, see vol. vii, Appendix A.
C") " Grant in tail male to the King's Knight, John de Beauchamp of Holt, Steward
of the Household, in consideration of his good and gratuitous services, the place he
held at the Coronation, and which he will hold in the King's Councils, and parliaments
in future, the noble and trusty family from which he is descended, and his great sense
and circumspection, of the dignity of peer and baron of the realm of England, under
the style of Lord de Beauchamp and Baron of Kydermynster, 10 Oct. 1387." V.G.
See the patent quoted in Courthope, p. xlii of "Observations," under "Baronies by
patent," by which he and the heirs male of his body were cr. " Domini de Beauchamp,
et Barones de Kidderminster." The writ is directed (not Johanni de Bella Campo,
but) " Johanni de Beauchamp de Kyderminster," which appears to indicate that the
style of his Barony (as well as his surname) was '■'■ de Beauchamp."
if) Ancient Deeds, vol. iv.
('') He left an only da. and h. named Margaret, who inherited his estates and was
then aged 20. She m., istly John Pauncefort, and 2ndly John Wysham.
(*) He had two elder brothers, both of whom surv. their father, vi-z.. (i) Walter
(See Patent Roll, 18 Hen. VI, pt. I, m. 3), and (2) Robert, living 1432. (Dunster
Honour Roll). V.G.
(*) This Sir William was s. and h. of John, who d. between 1378 and 1401,
by Elizabeth, who d. 1411; which John was s. and h. of Giles, who d. Oct. 1361,
by Catherine {rn. 1329) da. and h. of Sir John de Bures; which Giles was 3rd s. but
BEAUCHAMP OF POWICK 47
I. 1447. of Powick, CO. Worcester, and of Alcester, co. Warwick,
(m. before Mar. 1414/5, and ^. before 143 1) by Catherine,
da. and coh. of Sir Gerard Ufflete. In 1438 he was guardian of the
extensive lands of his cousin, Henry, Earl of Warwick. On 16 Aug. 1445
he was installed K.G. Constable of Gloucester Castle, 20 June 1446.
On 2 May 1447 he was (by patent) cr. BARON BEAUCHAMP OF
POWICK,(*) CO. Worcester, with an annuity of ;(^ii5 out of the city of
Gloucester and elsewhere. On the same day he was made Justice of South
Wales. Lord Treasurer, 1450 to 1452. He had exemption from attend-
ance in Pari, on account of old age and debility, 24 Oct. 1462. He m., in
or before 1434, Margaret, sister of Richard Ferrars. He ^. between 9 and
19 Apr. 1475, ^"'i ^^5 ^^^- '" ^^^ church of the Dominican Friars at Wor-
cester. Will dat. 9 Apr. 1475. C") His widow, who, in 1448, had been one
of the ladies for whom robes of the order of the Garter were provided,("=)
directs, in her will,('') dat. 29 Jan. 1487, to be i>ur. with her husband.
II. 1475 2- Richard (Beauchamp), Baron Beauchamp of
to Powick, s. and h., aged 40 years at his father's death.
1 503. He appears to have been the " Lord Beauchamp " who was
present at the Coronation of Richard III, 6 July 1483. (^)
He m., 27 Jan. 1446/7, by spec, lie, in his private chapel at Beauchamp's
Court, Elizabeth, da. of Sir Humphrey Stafford. He i/. s.p.m.s.,^^)
19 Jan. 1502/3, at Broomhill, when the Barony became extinct. Inq.p. m.
at Tewkesbury 8 June, and at Spittlegate by Grantham, 15 Oct. 15 12.
III. 1806. I. William Lygon was on 26 Feb. 1806, cr. BARON
BEAUCHAMP OF POWYK, co. Worcester, and was
subsequently (i Dec. 181 5) cr. Earl Beauchamp. See under "Beau-
champ," Earldom, cr. 18 15.
eventually h. of Walter B., of Alcester and of Powick (who d. 1303), who was a
younger %. of William B., of Elmley, by Isabel Mauduit. (See ante note " d," page 45,
as also under Beauchamp (of Bletsoe) p. 44).
(*) See note " a " on previous page.
(b) Teit. Vet., pp. 338 and 390.
(■=) As to these ladies, see Appendix B in this volume.
(^) For a list of the peers there present, see note mb Humphrey, Lord Dacre
OF GiLLESLAND [1473].
(*) The coheirs were his grandson, Edward Willoughby, aged 18 or 21 in I 5 12,
who was s. and h. of his ist da. Elizabeth, by Robert (Willoughby), Lord Wil-
loughby of Broke. He inherited the manor of Alcester, in which stood Beauchamp's
Court, and d. v.p., before 1521 ; see tabular pedigree sub Willoughby of Eresby: his h..
Sir Fulke Greville was, in 1621, cr. Lord Broke of Beauchamp's Court. (2) Anne, 2nd
da., aged 40 or 50 in 1 5 12, who d. 1535, being ancestress, by Richard Lygon, of the
Barons Beauchamp of Powick (so cr. 1806), afterwards (18 15) Earls Beauchamp.
(3) Richard Rede, another grandson, aged 15 or 16 in 15 12, s. and h. of Margaret, his
3rd da. by Richard Rede, of co. Gloucester. Among the knights made at the marriage
of Richard, Duke of York, 18 Jan. (1477/8) 17 Edw. IV, is "John, son and heire
to the Lord Beauchamp" — presumably a s. of the above, who d. v. p. and s.p.
48 BEAUCHAMP (of Somerset)
BEAUCHAMP (of Somerset)
I. John Beauchamp, s. and h. of Robert B., of Hatch, Somerset,(^)
by Alice, da. of Reynold de Mohun, of Dunster, in that co., was b.
before 1249. -^^ ^^^ sum. to attend the King at Shrewsbury 28 June
(1283) II Edw. IjC") by writ directed Johanni de Bella Campo. He m.
Cicely, da. and coh. of William de Vivonne, by Maud, one of the
7 daughters (coheirs to their mother) of William (Ferrers), Earl of
Derby. He d. at Hatch, 24, and was bur. 31 Oct. 1283, at Stoke
under Hamden. Tnq. p. m. Dec. 1283. His widow d. 10 Jan. 1320,
at Stoke under Hamden. (°)
BARONY BY i. John Beauchamp, of Hatch afsd., s. and h., was b.
WRIT. 25 July 1274, and had seizin of his father's lands, 17 Sep.
1295. He was in the Scottish wars, and was sum., 26 Jan.
^"99- 1296/7, to attend the King at Salisbury.('^) He was sum.
to Parl.('=) 29 Dec. (1299) 28 Edw. 1 to 24 Aug. (1336) 9 Edw. Ill, by
{*) The arms of this family — " Vaire, arg. and az. " — are entirely different from
those of the great house of Beauchamp of Warwick, and no connection is shewn
between the two families. The Somersetshire Beauchamps and the descent of this
Barony are fully dealt with by John Batten (Somersetshire Archasol. Soc. Proceedings,
vol. xxxvi, 1891, pp. 20-59). "^^^ writer holds that this Barony, of which in 1361
Ro2;er Seymour was sole representative, was not forfeited by Act 5 Edw. VI, nor by
the attainder (155 1/2) of the ist Duke of Somerset (heir general of the said Roger),
and that, even had it been so forfeited, it would have been restored by Act 7 Edw. VI,
for the restitution in blood of Sir Edward Seymour, that duke's eldest son.
C') This writ was treated as originating a peerage in the Mowbray case, 1877.
For discussion on this and other supposed Parliaments, see Preface.
('^) Register of the Abbey of Athelney. Cf. IFardrobe Accounts, 14 Edw. II.
{^) This writ was not a regular writ of summons to Pari., such as would originate
a peerage. See Preface.
(f) The following observations as to the titles of Beauchamp de Somerset, and
Beauchamp de IFarwick, are made by Sir N. H. Nicolas and reproduced in Courthope
(p. 102), under " Cherleton." "John Beauchamp, yr. s. of Guy, Earl of Warwick,
was sum. to Pari. (1350-57), as 'Johanni de Bello-Campo de JVarrewyk^ probably
to distinguish him from John Beauchamp of Hache in Somersetshire who is described
in the writs as John Beauchamp de Somerset; but it cannot for a moment be contended
that either Somerset in the one instance, or Warwick in the other, formed the titles
of either of these Barons; and that instead of being Barons Beauchamp they were
Barons of Warwick and of Somerset. These additions are to be found in the original
writs, by which those dignities were created, whilst this Barony [Cherleton] existed
for nearly 50 years before the words ' de Powes' occur in the writs of summons;
the presumption is, therefore, more strongly in favour of the Baronies in question
being those of Warwick and Somerset, than that this dignity [Cherleton] should
be that of Powis." In spite of these remarks, the Editor is unable to see why the
respective writs of " Beauchamp de Somerset " and " Beauchamp de Warwick "
(thus, apparently, purposely distinguished from one another), did not create (as in
BEAUCHAMP (of Somerset) 49
writs directed '■^Johanni de Bella Campo de Somerset " i^") whereby he may-
be held to have become LORD BEAUCHAMP. He was knighted with
the Prince of Wales, 22 May 1306. In 1321 (14 Edw. II) he sue. to the
extensive estates of his mother, which included Sturminster Marshal,
Dorset, Bullingham, co. Cambridge, i^c. Governor of Bridgwater Castle,
1325. He ;«., in or before 1301, Joan, said to have been da. of ( — ) Chen-
DuiT. She d. 9 Feb. 1327. (*") He d. 1336, after 20 Oct., aged 62.
II. 1336. 2. John (Beauchamp), Lord Beauchamp, 2nd, but
1st surv.('^) s. and h., h. apparently after 4 Oct. 1304,
when his sisters Alienor and Beatrice were living. He was aged 30 in 1336.
He was sum. to Pari. 29 Nov. 1336 to 24 Feb. 1342/3, by writs directed
as above. He served in the wars with France. He m. Margaret, most
probably da. of John St. John [ist Lord St. John of Basing], by Isabel,
da. of Sir Hugh Courtenav. He d. 19 May I343.('') His widow, who had
dower 24 Sep. 1343, d. 19 Nov. 1361, a month after the death of her son.
III. 1343 3. John (Beauchamp), Lord Beauchamp, s. and h.,
to b. 20 Jan. 1329/30, at. Stoke under Hamden. He was
1 36 1. sum. to Pari. 15 Nov. 1351 to 20 Nov. 1360, by writs
directed as above. He »;., before 1354/5, Alice, da. of
Thomas (Beauchamp), Earl of Warwick, by Katherine, da. of Roger (de
Mortimer), Earl of March. He d. s.p., 8 Oct. 1361, aged 31, when
any Barony descendible to heirs general, which may be held to have existed,
other cases, e.g. in the writs issued to different members of the families of Grey,
Willoughby, fsJ'c.), Baronies of Beauchamp thus respectively designated, (though, of
course, not Baronies " of Warwick " or " of Somerset " per se), instead of two Baronies
each of the name of " Beauchamp " alone, as given in Nicolas and Courthope. See
also post, note " c " next page. In Geoffrey le Baker's (contemporary) Chronicle, at
the battle of Poitiers, 1356, Beauchamp of Hache is described as " Dominus de
Beauchamp Somersetensis" which he was on the rendering of the writ, (ex inform.
J. H. Round). G.E.C.
The present Editor's view on this question is clear, simple, and decided: viz. that,
as at this date there was no idea in the mind of anyone that a writ of summons could
create any title at all, it is arguing about shadows to dispute as to how much of the
direction of the writ was meant to be included in the supposed title. The Editor is
satisfied that such words as "de Somerset," " de Warwick," etc., were mere
postal addresses used for identification and distinction, though as time went on and
different men of the same surname continued to be sum. to Pari, and gradually became
recognised as peers, e.g. the Lords Grey of Ruthyn, and Grey of Codnor, what was
originally the address became recognised and accepted as part of the title. The
whole question of the effect, in historical fact, of early writs of summons is discussed
in the last volume. Appendix A. V.G.
(^) He was one of the Barons who, as John de Beauchamp Lord of Hache, signed
the letter to the Pope in 1301.
C") Register of the Abbey of Athelney.
(') His elder br., William, d. v.p.
(^) Copy of Will, Add. Chart. 40616.
50 BEAUCHAMP (of Somerset)
would have fallen (according to modern doctrine) into abeyance between his
sisters or their issue. (*) His widow m., between 1371 and 1374, Sir
Matthew Gournay, and d. in his lifetime, 26 Oct. 1383, being bur. in St.
John's Priory, Bridgwater. Sir Matthew G. was bur. in the Beauchamp
Chapel at Stoke, said to be aged 96.
BEAUCHAMP (of Warwick)
BARONY BY i. John Beauchamp, 2nd s. of Guy, Earl of War-
WRIT. WICK., by Alice, da. of Ralph de Toni, of Flamstead,
T Herts, attended the King into Flanders in 1338; was at
^^ the naval victory off Sluys in 1340; and (together with
, his elder br. Thomas, Earl of Warwick) was elected K.G.
^ ' in 1348, being one of the 25 Original Knights of that
most noble order.C") He carried the Standard-Royal at the battle of Cre^y
in 1346, was present at the surrender of Calais, and was advanced to the
degree of Banneret, i Mar. 1348/9. Adm. of the Fleet off Calais 1349;
appointed Captain of Calais 14 Jan. 1354/5; Adm. for the Western Seas
1355; Adm. for the North, South, and West, July to Dec. 1360. From
25 Nov. (1350) 24 Edw. Ill to 15 Dec. (1357) 31 Edw. Ill, he was
sum. to Pari, by writs directed Johanni de Bella Campo de Warrewyk^i^')
(^) The coheirs were (i) Cicely, his elder sister, widow of Roger Seymour and
then .aged 40 ; and (2) John de Meriet, his nephew (only child and h. of Eleanor, the
2nd and yr. sister, by her only husband, Sir John de Meriet, senior), then aged
about 15, having been b. 24 Mar. 1345/6. He, who was knighted, m. three times,
and (5^. 26 July 1391, leaving an only child, Elizabeth, b. 13 Dec. 1386 (betrothed
to Urry Seymour), who d. s.p., aged about 15, when the issue of her grandmother
Eleanor Beauchamp became extinct. But the bulk of the estates seems to have
devolved on the ist sister, Cicely, who m., istly, Sir Roger Seymour, and 2ndly, before
1383, ( — ) Turberville, having issue by both. She inherited the manors of Hatch,
Shepton-Beauchamp, Murifield and one third of the manor of Shepton Mallet, co.
Somerset; the manors of Boultbery and Haberton, co. Devon; of Dorton, Bucks;
Little Haw, Suffolk, i3°c. She d. 7 June 1394, and was sue. by her grandson and h.,
Roger Seymour (then aged 27), ancestor of the Dukes of Somerset, ds'c. This Roger
Seymour became, about 1400 (by the death of his cousin Elizabeth Meriet above-
mentioned) the sole representative of the Barony of Beauchamp of Somerset, and
(according to the present theory as to the descent of such a Barony) was entitled
thereto. In that case the 1 2th Duke of Somerset, his lineal heir general, would
(subject to any attainder of the ist Duke that might affect it) have been so entitled,
and on his death, s.p.m.s., 28 Nov. 1885, it would have fallen into abeyance among
his daughters.
('') For a list of these see Appendix B in this volume. V.G.
if} It is not improbable that the words " de Warrewyk " (added, doubtless, for
the sake of identification) signified (not so much the town or county of Warwick, as)
that he was of the family of the "Earls of Warwick." So, also, " de Arundel"
signified of the family of the " Earls of Arundel " (see vol. i, p. 259, note "a"), and so,
in later times, Evelyn (i 660-1669) speaks of the br. of the then Duke of Norfolk as
" Mr. Howard of Norfolk." Such, however, cannot be the explanation of " Beau-
BEAUCHAMP (of Warwick) 51
whereby he may be held to have become LORD BEAUCHAMP.^ He
d. unm., 2 Dec. 1360, when any Barony cr. by his writs of sum. became
extinct.i^) He was bur. at St. Paul's Cathedral, London. (°) M.I.
BEAUCHAMP'S COURT
See " Brooke of Beauchamp's Court, co. Warwick," Barony {Gre-
ville)y cr. 1621.
BEAUDESERT
See "Paget de Beaudesert, co. Stafford," Barony {Paget), cr. 1550.
BEAUFORT
Edward Somerset, styled Lord Herbert, s. and h. ap. of Henry,
1st Marquess of Worcester, is by some considered to have been cr.
by Charles I, i Apr. 1644, BARON BEAUFORT OF CALDECOT
CASTLE, CO. Monmouth, and EARL OF GLAMORGAN. See
" Glamorgan," Earldom of, under which title the circumstances of the
case are fully related.
DUKEDOM. I. Henry (Somerset), 3rd Marquess of Worcester,
y ^o^ fsfc., s. and h. of Edward, 2nd Marquess of Worcester
(celebrated for his loyalty and inventive genius), by his
1st wife, Elizabeth, sister of Robert, Earl of Carnarvon, and da. of Sir
William Dormer, was b. 1629, being then (by courtesy) styled Lord
Herbert. M.P. for co. Monmouth ('^) 1660-67; ^"'i ^"^ °^ the 12 com-
moners deputed, 7 May 1660, to invite the return of Charles II.(') Lord
champ of Somerset," where the words clearly refer to the county. See also ante,
p. 48, note "e," circa finem.
(') As to how far these early writs of sum. did in fact create a peerage title, see
Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
C") His house at Blackfriars, built by himself, was sold at his death to the Crown,
and being converted into the office of the Master of the Wardrobe, gave the desig-
nation of "St. Andrew by the IVardrohc" to the adjoining church.
(') His tomb there was very commonly mistaken for that of the "Good Duke
Humphrey," i.e. Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, bur. in the Abbey of St. Albans,
Herts, 1446. See a curious account thereof in Stow's London, edit. 1720, book iii,
p. 165.
('^) There seems no sufficient reason for identifying him with the Henry Herbert
who sat for this co. 1654-55, ^"'^ who was probably the Henry Herbert of Colebrook
who represented co. Monmouth in the Long Pari. The Diet. Nat. Biog. states that the
future Duke was known as plain Mr. Herbert during the Commonwealth, but gives
no authority; it further makes him M.P. for IVorcester 1654-55, which is certainly
erroneous. V.G.
(') Unlike his father, he made his peace with Cromwell, and was allowed by
52 BEAUFORT
Lieut, of COS. Gloucester, Hereford, and Monmouth 1660-89; Col. of a
regt. of Foot, 1660; of Horse, 1661. He was committed to the Tower
in 1 660/1, but not, apparently, for any matter of importance; was cr. M.A.
of Oxford, 20 Sep. i663,(") and sue. his father as Marquess of Worcester,
3 Apr. 1667; Lord President of Wales; Lord Lieut, of North and South
Wales i672-89;('') P.C. 17 Apr. 1672; nom. and inv. K.G. 29 May, inst.
3 June 1672. On 2 Dec. 1682, he was cr. DUKE OF BEAUFORT.(=)
Committee of the E. India Co. 1684-90. He attended the funeral of Charles 1 1,
and carried the crown of the Queen Consort at the coronation of James II,
by whom he was made Col. of the nth regt. of Foot, June to Oct. 1685; a
Gent, of the Bedchamber, 1685-88; and Lord Lieut, of the Isle of Purbeck,
1687. To that King he steadily adhered, against the Duke of Monmouth in
1685, and against the Prince of Orange in 1688. To the latter, when King
William III, he, being a staunch Tory, refused the oath of allegiance. He
w., 17 Aug. 1657, before Richard Powel, of Middle Sq., Clerkenwell, a
Justice authorised under the Commonwealth to perform marriages, Mary,('')
widow of Henry Seymour, styled Lord Beauchamp, sister of Arthur, Earl
OF Essex, and ist da. of Arthur (Capell), ist Lord Capell, by Elizabeth,
da. and h. of Sir Charles Morrison. He d. 21 Jan. 1 699/1 700,(^) at
Badminton, of fever, in his 70th year, and was bur. in the Beaufort chapel
at St. George's, Windsor. M.I. Will dat. 20 Jan., pr. 27 Jan. 1 699/1 700.
His widow, who was bap. at Hadham Parva, Herts, 16 Dec. 1630, d. 7 Jan.
I'ji^jc,^ in her 85th year, at Chelsea, and was bur. at Badminton, co.
Gloucester. Will dat. 6 Oct. 17 14, pr. Jan. 17 14/5.
[Henry Somerset, styled Lord Herbert, s. and h. ap., d. an infant,
and was bur. in the Beaufort chapel, St. George's, Windsor, afsd.]
[Charles Somerset, styled, istly. Lord Herbert, and afterwards
him ^25,000 p. a. out of his paternal estates. He does not seem to have been on the
best terms with his father, who writes to Lord Chancellor Clarendon, 9 June 1660,
of "my son the Lord Herbert's underhand working by false suggestions." V.G.
(^) He was one of 8 noblemen on whom this degree was conferred on that day.
For a list of these, see sub James, Earl of Suffolk [1640].
C') See Her. isf Gen., vol. iii, pp. 225 and 288, for an account of "The Beau-
fort Progress through Wales, 1684."
('^) In consideration, inter alia, "of his noble descent from King Edward III by
John de Beaufort, eldest son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, by Catherine
Swinford his third wife." See the patent as quoted in Collins, vol. i, p. 237. This
"noble" descent through John de Beaufort (himself born a bastard and only legiti-
mated by Act of Pari.), was further sullied by being through yet another bastard (not
so legitimated), viz. Sir Charles Somerset {cr. Earl of Worcester in 1 5 14), an illegit.
s. of Henry (Beaufort), Duke of Somerset. G.E.C.
" Thus crowned with worth from heights of honour won
See all his glories copied in his son."
Absalom and Achitophel, part ii. V.G.
{^) The well engraved arms of this Duchess of Beaufort were on a chalice and
paten in Thorpe Church, near Ashbourne, in 1897.
(') "A person of great honour, prudence, and estate." (Evelyn's Diary). V.G.
BEAUFORT 53
(1682) Marquess of Worcester, 2nd, but ist surv. s. and h. ap., b. Dec.
1660, at St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, Midx., King Charles II being his god-
father.n Matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 26 Nov. 1677; cr. M.A. 18 Feb.
1681/2. Committee of the E. India Co. 1683-91 ; Col. of the i ith regt. of
Foot, 1685-87; M.P. (Tory) for co. Monmouth i685-87,('') and 1689-95.
He w., 5 June 1682 (lie. from Fac. Off., 29 May 1682, he aged 22 and
she 1 6), at Wanstead, Essex, Rebecca, sister of Richard, (afterwards) Earl
Tylney, da. of Sir Josiah Child, of Wanstead, the great merchant, some-
time Governor of the E. India Co., by his 2nd wife, Mary, da. of William
Atwood, "who gives with her as is said a portion of ;^2 5,ooo."('^) He
d. v.p., from a coach accident, in Wales, 13, and was bur. 16 July 1698,
at Raglan, in his 38th year. Admon. 14 Aug. 1699 to a creditor. His
widow m., 15 Apr. 1703 (lie. 14 Apr. 1703 from Fac. Off.), John (Gran-
ville), Lord Granville of Potheridge, who d. s.p. 3 Dec. 1707. She
d. 17 July 1 712. Will pr. Aug. 1712.]
II. 1700. 2. Henry (Somerset), Duke OF Beaufort, tfc, grand-
son and h., being s. and h. of Charles, styled Marquess of
Worcester, by Rebecca, his wife, abovenamed, b. 2 Apr. 1684, in the Castle
of Monmouth. On 29 Aug. 1702, he entertained the Queen and Prince
Consort at his seat at Badminton; cr. D.C.L. of Oxford (St. John's)
26 Apr. 1706. He, being like his father a staunch Tory, absented himself
from Court till the accession of the Tory Ministry in 17 10, when he is
said to have told the Queen that " he could then call her Queen in reality."
P.C. 13 Dec. 1 7 10; Lord Lieut, of Hampshire, 17 10, and of co. Glouc-
ester, 1 712 till his death; Capt. of the Gent. Pensioners, 1712 till his death;
nom. K.G. 25 Oct. 1 712, inst. 4 Aug. 171 3. He w., istly, at Knole, Kent,
7 July 1702, Mary, da. of Charles (Sackville), Earl of Dorset, by his 2nd
wife, Mary, da. of James (Compton), Earl of Northampton. She, who
was b. 24 Apr. 1683, at Copthall, Essex, and bap. at Waltham Holy Cross,
d. s.p.s., 18 June 1705, in childbed, and was bur. at Badminton. Admon.
20 Oct. 1709 to her husband. He m., 2ndly, 26 Feb. 1705/6 (lie. at Fac.
OfF.),('^) at 8 p.m., at the Chapel Royal, St. James's, Midx., Rachel ("a for-
tune upwards of ;i^6o,ooo "),(°) 2nd and yst. da. and coh. of Wriothesley
Baptist (Noel), 2nd Earl of Gainsborough, by Catharine, ist da. of Fulke
(Greville), 5th Lord Brooke. She <2'. 13 Sep. 1709, in childbed, and was
bur. at Badminton. Admon. (also) 20 Oct. 1709. He m., 3rdly, 14 Sep.
1711, at Wimbledon, Surrey, Mary, yst. da. of Peregrine (Osborne), 2nd
(^) Sandford, p. 372.
C") He was elected, at the Gen. Election of 1685, for the cos. of Gloucester,
Monmouth, and Brecknock, and for the boroughs of Monmouth and Brecknock, in
all for 5 seats. V.G.
(<=) Luttrell's Diary, 8 June 1682.
('^) T. Hearne, writing under date 7 Feb. 1 705/6, says the marriage took place
on 4 Feb. V.G.
(') Luttrell's Diary. "A woman of very great virtues." (T. Hearne, 16 Sep,
1709). V.G.
54 BEAUFORT
Duke of Leeds, by Bridget, da. and h. of Sir Thomas Hyde, Bart. He
d. 1\ May 1 7 14, " of inflammation caused by drinking small beer in a long
journey which he rid in one day,"(^) in his 31st year, at Badminton, and
was bur. there. M.I. Ch. Ch. Oxford. Will dat. 19 Aug. 17 12, pr. Sep.
1 7 14. His widow, who was h. 14, and bap. 21 Aug. 1688, at North
Mimms, Herts, w., 15 Oct. 171 5, (as his 2nd wife) John (Cochrane), 4th
Earl of Dundonald [S.], who d. 5 June 1720. She d. s.p., 4 Feb. 172 1/2,
in Scotland. Will pr. May 1722.
III. 1714. 3. Henry (Somerset, afterwards Scudamore), Duke
OF Beaufort, &'c., s. and h. by 2nd wife, b. 26 Mar. and
bap. 2 Apr. 1707; ed. at Westm. school; matric. at the age of 13 at Oxford
(Univ. Coll.), 29 Oct. 1720; cr. D.C.L. 22 Apr. 1725. High Steward of
Hereford, 1729. A Tory in politics. He m., 28 June I729,('') at Hol-
land House, Frances, only da. and h. of James (Scudamore), 2nd Viscount
Scudamore [I.], by Frances, da. and h. of Simon (Digby), 4th Lord Digby
[I.]. She was b. 14 Aug. 171 1, and sue. her father 11 Dec. 1716. By
Act of Pari. 1730, he took the name of Scudamore on succeeding, in right
of his said wife, to Holme Lacy, co. Hereford, and the other estates of
that family. From her, however, he obtained a divorce, for crim. con., by
Act of Pari. 2 Mar. i743/4.('=) He d. s.p., 24 Feb. 1744/5, "worn out
by a complication of disorders," at Bath, in his 38th year, and was bur. at
Badminton.^) Will pr. Mar. 1745.
IV. 1745. 4. Charles Noel (Somerset), Duke of Beaufort,
&?c., 3rd, but next surv. br. (of the whole blood) and h.
He was b. 12 Sep. 1709; ed. at Westm. school; matric. at Oxford (Univ.
Coll.) 19 June 1725; cr. M.A. 16 Oct. 1727; D.C.L. 12 July 1736; was
M.P. (Tory) for co. Monmouth, 1731-34; and for Monmouth (borough),
1734-45. He m., I May 1740, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Elizabeth, sister
and sole h. of Norborne (Berkeley), Lord Botetourt, da. of John
(*) "A gentleman of very great probity, of a comely personage, and of extra-
ordinary good nature." (T. Hearne). Of his death Lord Bathurst writes, 28 May
1 7 14, "after having heated himself shooting, he drunk a great quantity of small
liquor, which made him vomit blood, and he died in 3 days." V.G.
C") In Glouceitenhire Notes and Queries, vol. ii, p. 650, is reprinted a notice from
the Monthly Chronicle giving the date of the marriage as 8 June.
(■=) She had eloped with William (Talbot), Lord Talbot (afterwards, 1 761, Earl
Talbot), himself also married (see H. Walpole's letter to Sir H. Mann, dat. 10 June
1742). She m., 2ndly, Charles Fitzroy, who took the name of Scudamore, and d.
19 Aug. 1782, aged 75, leaving by her one da. and h., Frances, who inherited the
estates of the Scudamore family, and m. Charles (Howard), Duke of Norfolk, but
d. s.p. 22 Oct. 1820. The ex-duchess of Beaufort d. in childbed, 16, and was bur.
27 Feb. 1749/50, at Holme Lacy, aged 39.
if) "His death is not to be lamented, he was unhealthy in his constitution and
unhappy in his circumstances, though possessed of great honour and riches; his
brother is qualified to make a better figure, and his wife I hope will prove an honour-
able and virtuous Duchess of Beaufort." (Mrs. Delany, 9 Mar. 1 744/5). V.G.
BEAUFORT 55
Symes Berkeley, of Stoke GifFord, co. Gloucester, by Elizabeth, Dowager
Viscountess Hereford, da. and coh. of Walter Norborne, of Calne,
Wilts. He d. 28 Oct. 1756, In his 48th year, and was bur. at Badminton. (^)
Will pr. Dec. 1756. His widow d. 8 Apr. 1799, in Hanover Sq., aged 80.
Will pr. Apr. 1799.
V. 1756. 5. Henry (Somerset), Duke of Beaufort, {tfc, s. and
h., b. 16 Oct. 1744, in Brook Str., St. Geo., Han. Sq.
Matric. at Oxford (Oriel Coll.) 18 Oct. 1760; cr. D.C.L. 7 July 1763;
Grand Master of Freemasons [E.] 1767-72; Master of the Horse to the
Queen Consort, 1768-70; Lord Lieut, of co. Monmouth from 1771, and
of CO. Brecknock from 1787, till his death; and of co. Leicester, 1787-99;
nom. and inv. K.G. 2 June 1786, inst. by dispensation, 29 May 1801.
On 4 June 1 803 he obtained, by patent, a declaration of the termination
in his favour of the abeyance of the BARONY OF BOTETOURT, to
which, jure matris, he was one of the co-heirs. C') In politics he was a
Tory. He «/., 2 Apr. 1766, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Elizabeth, sister of
George Evelyn (Boscawen), 3rd Viscount Falmouth, 2nd and yst. da. of
Admiral the Hon. Edward Boscawen, by Frances, da. and h. of William
Evelyn Glanville, of St. Clair, Kent. He d., of gout In the stomach, 1 1,
and was bur. 20 Oct. 1803, at Badminton, aged 59. Will pr. Dec. 1803.
His widow, who was 1^. 28 May 1747, d. 15 June 1828, at Stoke, near
Bristol, having lived to see nearly 80 of her descendants of the name of
Somerset. Will pr. Mar. 1829.
VI. 1803. 6. Henry Charles (Somerset), Duke of Beaufort,
fsfc, s. and h., b. 22 Dec. 1766; ed. at Westm. school;
matric. at Oxford (Trin. Coll.) 4 Feb. 1784; cr. M.A. 28 June 1786;
M.P. (Tory) for Monmouth, 1788-90; for Bristol, 1790-96; and for co.
Gloucester, 1 796-1 803; Lord Lieut, of cos. Monmouth and Brecknock
from 1803, and of co. Gloucester from 18 10, till his death; Vice Admiral
of Gloucester; Constable of St. Briavel's Castle and Warden of the Forest
of Dean, 18 12 till his death; nom. and Inv. K.G. 17 Jan., inst. 23 Apr.
1805. At the coronation of William IV, 8 Sep. 1831, he bore the crown
of the Queen Consort. High Steward of Bristol 1834 till his death. He
w., 16 May 1 79 1, at Lambeth Church, Charlotte Sophia, da. of Granville
(Leveson-Gower), 1st Marquess of Stafford, by his 3rd wife, Susanna,
(*) Tindal says of him, " A man of sense, spirit and activity, unblameable in his
morals, but questionable in his political capacity." An account of his widow is given
in very stilted style in the form of an epitaph. — "She had in her veins the blood of
Berkeley and of Botetourt, in her demarche the greatness of the Queen of Sheba" and
so on for several lines, Cleopatra, Margaret of Anjou, and Joan of Arc, being dragged
in. [The Abbey of Kilkhampton, by Sir Herbert Croft, p. 109, edn. I 788). This book,
judging from the number of its editions, had many admirers at the end of the
l8th century; it would have but few at the beginning of the 20th. V.G.
C") See Botetourt, Barony, cr. 1305; and vol. vi, Appendix G, where is given
a list of the only recognised Parliaments (down to 1500) which furnish a date
of origin for Baronies by writ now (1910) existing. V.G.
S6
BEAUFORT
da. of Alexander (Stewart), yth Earl of Galloway [S.]. He d. at Bad-
minton, 23 Nov., and was bur. there 2 Dec. 1835, aged 68.(*) M.I. Will
pr. Mar. 1836. His widow, who was b. 11 Jan. 1771, d. 12 Aug. 1854, at
Westbrook Hall, near Berkhamstead, aged 83. Will pr. Sep. 1854.
VII. 1835. 7. Henry (Somerset), Duke of Beaufort, iSc.^ s. and
h., b. 5 Feb. 1792. Joined the loth Hussars, 18 10,
being Aide-de-Camp to Wellington In Portugal and Spain, 18 12-14;
a Lord of the Admiralty 1 815-19; Major, 1819; M.P. (Tory) for Mon-
mouth, 1 8 13-3 1, i83i-32,andfor West Gloucestershire, Jan. to Nov. 1835.
High Steward of Bristol, 1836 till his death; K.G. 11 Apr. 1842. He »».,
istly, 25 July 1 8 14, at the house of C. C. Smith, in Upper Brook Str.,
Georgiana Frederica, da. of the Hon. Henry Fitzroy (s. of Charles, ist Lord
Southampton), by Anne, sister of the famous Duke of Wellington, da.
of Garrett (Colley-Wellesley), ist Earl of Mornington [I.]. She, who
was b. 3 Oct. 1792, d. s.p.m.^ 11 May 1821, of internal inflammation, at
Apsley House, Piccadilly.C') He »/.,(") 2ndly, 29 June 1822, Emily
Frances (the sister, of the half blood, of his ist wire),('^) da. of Charles Culling
Smith, by the said Anne (relict of the abovenamed Henry Fitzroy), da.
of Garrett (Colley-Wellesley), ist Earl of Mornington [I.]. He d.
at Badminton, 17, and was bur. there 24 Nov. 1853, aged 61. (°) Will
if) " He was a man of generous disposition, plain and straightforward in his
speech, punctual in his dealings, and of strict integrity. He was kind and open in his
manner, very benevolent in his conduct, and always willing to oblige." V.G.
C") " She has been snatched from life at a time when she was becoming every
day more fit to live, for her mind, her temper and her understanding were gradually
and rapidly improving; she had faults, but her mind was not vicious, and her defects
may be ascribed to her education, and to the actual state of the society in which she
lived." [Grevilh Memoirs, vol. i, p. 46). V.G.
('^) This marriage, being within "the prohibited degrees" of affinity, was (though
not void, yet) voidable by " sentence of the Ecclesiastical Court pronounced during
the lifetime of both parties." It was generally supposed that the desire to give
indisputable validity to this important alliance contributed, not a little, to the passing
of the Act, 5 is" 6 Will. IV (usually called Lord Lyndhurst's Act, from his having
had the charge of it), whereby " marriages between persons within the prohibited
degrees of affinity, which were solemnized before the 31st of Aug. 1835 cannot be
annulled for that cause; but such marriages (as well as those within the prohibited
degrees of consanguinity), solemnized since that date, are absolutely void and the issue
consequently illegitimate." — See Hubback's Evidence of Succession, pp. 273-276.
(d) "I heard by the last post of Worcester's marriage with Emily Smith.
What a complication of folly, and I should fear eventually, of misery. He never
was and never can be steady to any one thing or person, and is, I should suppose,
utterly ruined. Does not the marriage too fall within the proscribed relationships, or
do you cease to mind those matters ? " (Sir Charles Bagot to Lord Binning, 22 July
1822). V.G.
{") "An excellent landlord, and a great patron of the sports of the field . . . his
inherent courtliness was enhanced by a fine port and commanding figure, and a
countenance whose features were cast in a truly noble mould. He was a consistent
supporter of Conservative politics." {Gent. Mag.). V.G.
BEAUFORT 57
pr. Mar. 1854. His widow d. 2 Oct. 1889, aged 89, at 19 Hill Str., and
was bur. at Badminton.
VIII. 1853. 8. Henry Charles Fitzroy (Somerset), Duke of
Beaufort, i^c, only s. and h. by 2nd wife, b. i Feb. 1 824,
in Paris. Ed. at Eton; Lieut, ist Life Guards, 1843; Capt. 7th Dragoons,
1847; Lieut. Col., 1858; retired 1861; Aide-de-Camp to the Duke of
Wellington, 1 842 ; to Viscount Hardinge, 1 842-46 ; M.P. (Conserva-
tive) for East Gloucestershire, 1846-53; High Steward of Bristol, 1854
till his death; P.C. 26 Feb. 1858; Master of the Horse, 1858-59, and
again, 1866-68; K.G., 19 Mar. i867;(^) Lord Lieut, of co. Monmouth,
1867 till his death. C') He w., 8 July 1845, at Hampton, Georgiana
Charlotte, ist da. of Richard William Penn (Curzon-Howe), ist Earl
Howe, by his ist wife, Harriet Mary, 2nd da. of Henry Sturt. He d.
of gout, at Stoke Gifford, 30 Apr., and was bur. 5 May 1899, at Bad-
minton, aged 75. Will pr. over ;^io,ooo gross and over /.8,ooo net.('')
His widow, who was b. 29 Sep. 1825, d. after a short illness, at Stoke Park,
Stapleton, near Bristol, 14, and was bur. 18 May 1906, at Badminton.
Will pr. above £\fiOQ gross and net.
IX. 1899. 9. Henry Adelbert Wellington Fitzroy (Somerset),
DuK-E OF Beaufort [1682], Marquess of Worcester
[1642], Earl of Worcester [1514], Lord Botetourt [1305], Lord
Herbert de Herbert [1461], and Baron Herbert of Ragland, Chep-
stow AND GowER [1506], 2nd, but 1st surv. s. and h., b. 19 May 1847.
Cornet, Royal Horse Guards, 1865; Captain, 1869; retired, 1877; Yeo-
manry A.D.C. to the Queen, 1 899. High Steward of Bristol, 1 899. Like
all his predecessors in title, of Tory or Conservative opinions. He w.,
9 Oct. 1895, at Trinity Church, Sloane Str., Louise Emily, widow of Carlo,
Baron deTuyll, 2nd andyst. da. of WiUiam Henry Harford, of Oldown,
CO. Gloucester, and of the Old Bank, Bristol, by Ellen, da. of the Rev.
William Tower, of How Hatch, Essex. She was b. i\ Sep. 1864.
[Henry Hugh Arthur Fitzroy Somerset, styled Marquess of
Worcester, s. and h. ap., b. 4 Apr. 1900.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of about 27,300 acres in co.
Monmouth, about 16,600 in co. Gloucester, 4,000 in co. Brecon, 1,200 in
CO. Glamorgan (the last valued at above ^^4,000 a year), and about 2,000
in Wilts. Total, 51,085 acres, valued at ^56,226 a year. Principal Resi-
(^) He was the 9th Earl of Worcester of his race similarly honoured. See
Appendix B in this volume.
C') As to the Earldom of Glamorgan, ^c., which was allowed to him on his
Garter Plate, see under that title.
if) A little more than a year before his death, he made over his estates to his
eldest s., thus avoiding the heavy succession duties. He was honoured and popular on
" the Turf," an owner of valuable race-horses, and a member of the Jockey Club as
early as 1854. President of the " Four in Hand" Club, being a first rate whip, also
a good shot and good angler. He was joint Editor of the Badminton Library. V.G.
' 9
58 BEAUFORT
dences. — Badminton Park, co. Gloucester; Troy House, co. Monmouth,
and Llangattock Park, co. Brecknock.
BEAUFORT
i.e. "Beaufort," Marquessate, see " Fraser," Dukedom, cr. 1740
by the titular James III; and vol. i, Appendix F.
BEAULIEU
i.e. " Lord Lovat of Beaulieu," see " Fraser," Dukedom, cr. 1740
by the titular James III; and vol. i. Appendix F.
BARONY. I. Edward Hussey-Montagu, formerly Edward
, ^ HussEY, s. and h. of James Hussey, of Westown, co.
' ■ Dublin, and of Courtown, co. Kildare, by Catherine, da. of
FART nOM Richard (Parsons), ist Viscount Rosse [I.], j«c. his father
in 1759; and having w., 1743, Isabella, Dowager Duchess
I. 1784 OF Manchester, ist of the two surv. daughters and
to coheirs of John (Montagu), 2nd Duke of Montagu, by
1802. Mary, da. and coh. of John (Churchill), the celebrated
Duke of Marlborough, assumed the name of Montagu
in addition to that of Hussey, in 1749, on the death of his father-in-law
abovenamed. He was M.P. (Whig) (^) for Tiverton 1758-62; K.B.
27 Aug. 1753. On II May 1762, he was cr. BARON BEAULIEU of
Beaulieu, co. Southampton, with rem. to the heirs male of his body by
" Isabella, Duchess Dowager of Manchester,('') ist da. of John, Duke of
Montagu, deed." On 8 July 1784, he was cr. EARL OF BEAULIEU.
High Steward of Windsor 1786. Her Grace (for she retained the style of
her former husband) d. 20 Dec. 1786, in Dover Str., Midx. He d. s.p.s.,
in Dover Str. afsd., 25 Nov., and was l?ur. 2 Dec. 1802, at Beaulieu,
aged 8 !,('=) when all his honours became extinct.(^) Admon. Feb. 1803.
(^) In the Upper House he voted steadily with the Whigs during the North
administration, but opposed the India Bill of the Coalition in 1783, and received his
Earldom from Pitt in the following year. V.G.
C") It is somewhat remarkable that, being the ivife of a commoner, her style as
the relict of a Peer should thus be formally recognised.
("=) He appears in 1776, "Lord B u, and Signorina G." [i.e. Gabrielli] in
the tete-a-tete portraits in the Town and Country Mag., vol. viii, p. 1 80. See
Appendix B in the last vol. of this work.
if') Ditton Park, in Stoke Pogis, Bucks (which had descended from Sir Ralph Win-
wood, Sec. of State to James I, to the family of Montagu), passed at Lord Beaulieu's
death to his wife's niece (the da. and sole h. of her only sister) Elizabeth, Duchess of
Buccleuch [S.], by whom, having been destroyed by fire on 2 8 Apr. 1 8 1 2, it was rebuilt.
BEAULIEU 59
[John Hussey-Montagu, styled Lord Montagu, only s. and h. ap.,
was b. 1 8 Jan. 1746/7; M.P. for Windsor from 17720 till his death.
He d. unm. and v.p.^ 25 June 1787.]
See "Ferrard of Beaulieu, co. Louth," Barony [L] {Tichborne)^ cr.
1 71 5; extinct 1731.
See "Montagu of Beaulieu, co. Southampton," Barony {Montagu
Douglas Scotty afterwards Douglas Scott Montagu), cr. 188 5.
BEAUMARIS
I.e. "Lord Bulkeley, Baron of Beaumaris, co. Anglesey," cr. 1784.
See "Bulkeley," Viscountcy [1.] {Bulkeley), cr. 1643, under the 7th
Viscount. Both Peerages extinct 1822.
■*t)^
BEAUMONT
BARONY BY i. Henry Beaumont, yr. s. of Louis de Brienne^")
WRIT. styled r)'AcKE, Jure uxoris Vicomte of Beaumont in Maine,
T by Agnes, da. and eventually sole h. of Raoul, Vicomte of
"■ Beaumont, attended Edward I in the Scottish wars in 1302,
from whose successor he obtained large grants of land, chiefly in co.
Lincoln, being styled in (1307-08), i Edw. II, " consanguineus Regis,'' i.e.
2nd cousin.C") He was Joint Warden of Scotland (South of Forth) and a
(*) He is bantered in T/ie Abbey of Kilkhampton, by Sir Herbert Croft, on never
being in his place in Pari. As a matter of fact he did vote in 2 important divisions,
supporting Dunning's motion on the influence of the Crown in 1 780, and the motion
of want of confidence in Lord North's Administration in 1782, but it may arouse the
envy of some modern M.P.s to learn that that was about the extent of his labours. V.G.
(*") See [Genealogist, N.S., vol. iv, p. 114, and notes thereto] the Seize Quartiers
of Henry IF, by G. W. Watson, who writes as follows: —
"This Louis was younger son of John de Brienne, King of Jerusalem, Emperor
of Constantinople, by Berengaria, da. of Alfonso IX, King of Leon, father of
Ferdinand III, King of Castile and Leon, the father of Eleanor, first wife of Edward I
and mother of Edward II. This explains why the phrase consanguineus Regis is applied
to Henry de Beaumont, why his sister Isabel (de Vesci) is called Kinswoman to Queen
Eleanor, and also why the arms ofjferusa/em were sometimes quartered with his own.
"I am unable to say to whom is originally due the extraordinary statement that
Louis and Henry de Beaumont were sons of Louis, eldest son of Charles, King of
Sicily and Jerusalem. The arms of that King were those of France, differenced with
a label Gules; moreover, his said son Louis died in Cyprus a few days after his birth
in 1248, and was buried in the Church of the Dominicans at Nicosia. The origin
of the error is sufficiently obvious, for on either hypothesis, the Beaumont brothers
are made grandsons of a King of Jerusalem. Charles, King of Sicily, was son of
Louis VIII, father of Louis IX, father of Philip, the father of Margaret of France,
6o BEAUMONT
Knight in 1308, and was sum. to Pari, from 4 Mar. (1308/9) 2 Edw. II to
20 Oct. (1332) 6 Edw. Ill, by writs directed Henrico de Bellomonte, whereby
he may be held to have become LORD BEAUMONT ;(") and from
22jan. (1333/4) C") 7 Edw. Ill to 16 Nov. (1339) 13 Edw. Ill, as EARL OF
BUCHAN.(') This latter designation was from his having >«., about 13 10,
certainly before 14 July 13 10, Alice, ist da. and coh. of Alexander Comyn,
Sheriff of Aberdeen (1305), probably by Joan, sister of William le Latimer,
his wife,('') and niece and heir of line to John (Comyn), Earl of Buchan [S.],
with whom he had divers lands, of which he had livery (1312-13) 6 Edw. II.
On 16 Mar. 13 10, he had a grant of the Lordship of the Isle of Man(')
for life "by the services which the Lords thereof had usually performed to
the Kings of Scotland,"^) and appears to have held the same till 20 Oct.
13 1 2. He was Warden and Constable of divers castles, &'c., was on many
embassies to France (1312 to 1331), and on one to Pope Clement V in
13 1 2. He fought at Boroughbridge ex parte Regis, 16 Mar. i32i/2.(«)
He was P.C. and Constable of England, 1322. On 5 June 1323, he
was imprisoned for contempt and disobedience at the Council.C") Not-
withstanding these high preferments, he sided against the King, whose
escape he prevented, and who consequently was, shortly afterwards, mur-
dered at Berkeley Castle. For this he was rewarded by a grant of Lough-
borough Castle, in 1334. In 1336 he was Constable of the Army, and in
1338 Justiciar of Scotland. He d. 10 Mar. 1339/40. Will pr. Jan.
1342, at Lincoln. His widow, "reputed to be of full age" Dec. 13 12, d.
in 1349, before 10 Aug.
II. 1340. 2. John (Beaumont), Lord Beaumont, s. and h. (aged
22 at his father's death), who had been knighted 2 May
1338, and who had served in France in 1339. He was sum. to Pari. 23 Feb.
(1342/3) 16 Edw. Ill, by writ directed "Johanni de Bello Monte,'' but
second wife of Edward I. The Beaumont arms could hardly be explained (as
' Hermentrude ' supposes) if the English Beaumonts were male descendants of the
royal house of France. For it is not conceivable that any member of that family
would have so far differenced his arms as to have assumed a lion rampant for the
principal charge. It might be supposed that Louis, the Vicomte de Beaumont adopted
the fleur de lis and obtained his christian name because he was nearly related to the
Kings of France, but he was, in fact, not so related."
(^) As to how far these early writs of summons did in fact create any peerage
title see Appendix A in the last vol. V.G.
('') He is described as Earl of Buchan in Close Roll, 20 Dec. 1330. V.G.
{'=) There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
{^) As his widow she long resided, with the abovenamed Alice, at Malton, co.
York. See an article on the Earldom of Buchan, by Joseph Bain, in Genealogist,
N.S., vol. iv, p. 194.
{^) See vol. i, p. 81, note "a" as to the grant of this island by Robert I [S.]
in 1324.
(') See Dugdale.
(*) For an account of this battle see Appendix C in this volume.
('') See Close Roll, where he is called " Baron." V.G.
BEAUMONT 6i
never as Earlof Buchan. He »z., before June 1337, Eleanor, da. of Henry,(^)
Earl of Lancaster, by Maud, da. and h. of Sir Patrick Chaworth. He
d. between 10 and 25 May 1342. His widow(*') ?«., in 1345, Richard
(FitzAlan), Earl of Arundel, (with whom she had intrigued in her
husband's lifetime) and d. 11 Jan. 1372, at Arundel, being bur. at Lewes.
in. 1342. 3. Henry (Beaumont), Lord Beaumont, s. and h.,
aged two years at his father's death, b. in Brabant (during
his mother's attendance on the Queen Consort Philippe), and had conse-
quently to be naturalised by Act of Pari. (1351) 25 Edw. IH. In 1360
he did homage for his lands, and from 14 Aug. (1362) t^6 Edw. Ill to
24 Feb. (1368/9) 42 Edw. Ill, was sum. to Pari, as a Baron. (') He m.
Maud, widow of Sir Nicholas Lovain, da. of John (de Vere), 7th Earl
OF Oxford, by Maud, da. of Bartholomew Badlesmere, [Lord Badles-
mere]. He d. i-j June 1369, and was bur. at Sempringham, co. Lincoln.
His widow m., 3rdly, Sir John Devereux, who was bur. 1393, at Grey
Friars, Newgate. She also was bur. there.
IV. 1369. 4. John (Beaumont), Lord Beaumont, s. and h., aged
eight at his father's death, was knighted by Edward III,
23 Apr. 1377, and had livery of his lands (1382-83) 6 Ric. II. He served
in the French wars and against the partizans of Pope Clement VII. In
1389 he was P.C. and Warden of the West Marches towards Scotland,
and Admiral of the North, and was Constable of Dover Castle and Warden
of the Cinque Ports from 1392/3 till his death. He was sum. to Pari.
20 Aug. (1383) 7 Ric. II to 13 Nov. (1393) 17 Ric. II. K.G. 1393-
In Oct. 1395 ^^^ °"^ °^ ^h^ Embassy to France to demand the Princess
Isabel in marriage for the King. He m. Catherine, da. and h. of Thomas
Everingham, of Laxton, Notts. He d. 9 Sep. 1396, at Stirling, and was
bur. at Sempringham afsd. Will dat. 8 Sep., pr. 26 Oct. 1396, at Lincoln.
His widow d. 1426.
V. 1396. 5. Henry (Beaumont), Lord Beaumont, s. and h.,
aged 1 6 at the death of his father. K.B. at the Coronation
of Henry IV, 13 Oct. 1399. In 1 410 and 141 1 he was one of the Commis-
sioners to treat of peace with France. He was sum. to Pari, as a Baron
from 25 Aug. (i404)('') 5 Hen. IV to 22 Mar. (14 13) i Hen. V.('=)
He m.y before July 1405, Elizabeth, da. of William Willoughby, [Lord
WiLLouGHBY OF Eresby]. He d. June 1 41 3, and was bur. at Sempringham
afsd. Will dat. 14 June, in London, pr. 10 Sep. 141 3, at Lincoln. His
widow d. shortly before 12 Nov. 1428.0
(') As to his supposed name of Plantagenet, see vol. i, p. 183, note "c." V.G.
('') She had dower on Little Grendon (Perivale), Midx., 27 Feb. 1342/3. V.G.
("^) There is a proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
(^) "In 1405 Grey [Richard, Lord Grey de Codnor] was engaged in a contro-
versy with Lord Beaumont as to which of them was entitled to precedency, the earliest
record of such a dispute between two Barons. {Proc. Privy Council^ vol. ii, p. 105)."
Diet. Nat. Biog.
(•) Pipe Rolh. V.G.
62 BEAUMONT
VI. 1413- I and 6. John (Beaumont), Lord Beaumont, s. and
VmrOTTMTrY h., aged four years at the death of his father. He was of
Folkingham Castle, co. Lincoln. He was sum. to Pari.
1. 1440. as a Baron (^) 25 Feb. (143 1/2) 10 Hen. VI,(^) to
26Sep.(i439)i8Hen.VI. K.B. 19 May 1426. P.C,
1434. Having greatly distinguished himself both in war and at court, he
was, by letters pat. dat. at Canterbury, 27 July I436,('^) cr. Count of
Boulogne in France, and shortly afterwards, on 12 Feb. 1439/40, was cr.
VISCOUNT BEAUMONT, being the first person advanced to the dignity
of Viscount in England. ('') Within a year of this creation the King, 18 Jan.
1 440/ 1, bestowed on him and the heirs male of his body '■^ the feudal
Viscountcy of Beaumont in France^'' which on the death of the Duke of Bed-
ford, in 1435, had reverted to the Crown. (') K.G. 1441. Constable of
England, 1445-50; Great Chamberlain, 8 July 1450. He ;«., between
24 July 1425 and 3 July 1436, Elizabeth, da. and sole h. of Sir William
Phelip, K.G., recognised as Lord Bardolf, by Joan, 2nd da. and coh. of
Thomas (Bardolf), Lord Bardolf. She d. before 30 Oct. 1441. He
m.^ 2ndly, after 1442, Katharine, widow of Sir ThoMas Strangways, and
before that of John (de Mowbray), Duke of Norfolk., and da. of Ralph
(Nevill), Earl of Westmorland, by his 2nd wife, Joan de Beaufort, da.
of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster. He d. 10 July 1460, being slain
under the Lancastrian banner, at the battle of Northampton. (*) His
widow ;«., 4thly, shortly after 1464, Sir John Widville, who was beheaded
(with his father, Earl Rivers) at Kenilworth, 12 Aug. 1469.
VISCOUNTCY.
n.
BARONY BY
WRIT.
2 and 7. William (Beaumont), Viscount
Beaumont, Lord Bardolf and Lord Beau-
1460 MONT, 2nd, but istsurv.s.andh.,(8)i^. atEden-
to ham, CO. Lincoln, and bap. there 23 Apr. 1438.
1 507. He inherited the vast estates of his mother's
family, and, soon after the death of his mat-
VII. j ernal grandmother, Joan, Baroness Bardolf
(12 Mar, 1446/7), was known, v.p.^ 1448/9,
(*) There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
('') This date of 1432 was the one allowed to have been proved on the termina-
tion of the abeyance of this Barony in 1840.
(•=) French Roll, 14 Hen. VI, m. I, no. I.
if) By this patent of creation he had precedence over all Barons, and by a
subsequent patent, 1444/5, ''^ above all Viscounts then created or to be created, and above
the heirs and sons of all Earls, with seat and honour immediately after the Earls."
The words in italics shew the inherent power of the Crown as to precedency,
i.e., a power of granting preeminence to a junior creation of the same degree of
Peerage. See vol. i. Appendix C.
(^) See Courthope, p. xlvii,
(') With him fell, in that fight, Humphrey Stafford, ist Duke of Buckingham,
father of his son's wife, and Thomas Percy, Lord Egremont.
(8) His elder br., Henry Beaumont, was living 10 Aug. 1441.
BEAUMONT 63
as Lord Bardolf,(*) though but nine years of age. He subsequently
made proof of his age as cousin and heir of Wilham (Phelip), Lord Bardolf,
and was knighted before 2 Sep. 1460. Adhering steadfastly to the House
of Lancaster, he was taken prisoner at the battle of Towton, and
attainted sX. the subsequent Pari., i Nov. (i46i)('') i Edw. IV, whereby
his honours became forfeited, but was restored Nov. 1470 by Henry VI,
though again attainted in Apr. 1471, being then in arms against Edward IV.
He, with John (de Vere), Earl of Oxford, held St. Michael's Mount for
the Lancastrian cause till Dec. 1473, l°"g ^^'^^'" ^^ had been elsewhere aban-
doned. He was taken prisoner in 1474, but was again restored \n honours
by Pari., 7 Nov. (1485) i Hen. VII,('=) having been, on 15 Sep. previous,
sum. to Pari, as Viscount Beaumont. He m., istly, before 4 Mar. 146 1,
Joan, da. of Humphrey (Stafford), ist Duke of Buckingham, by Ann,
da. of Ralph (Nevill), ist Earl of Westmorland. This marriage was,
however, set aside before 1477. ('') He m., 2ndly, 24 Apr. i486, Elizabeth,
da. and coh. of Sir Richard Scrope (yr. s. of Henry, 4th Lord Scrope of
Bolton), by Eleanor, da. of Norman Washbourne, of co. Worcester. In
1487 he appears to have lost his reason, when the custody of his land (as
in 1495 that of his person) was committed to the Earl of Oxford, in whose
house at Wivenhoe, Essex, he d. s.p., 19 Dec. 1507, aged 69. M.I. at
Wivenhoe.(°) On his death the Viscountcy and his French honours became
extinct, but the Baronies fell into abeyance.(^) His widow m., (as his 2nd
(') See vol. i, p. 421, note "d."
C") He received a general pardon in consideration of the approach of Christmas,
23 Dec. 1461.
(<=) For a list of these restorations see note sub Edward, Earl of Devon [1485-
1509].
{^) The lady w., about that date (as the 2nd of his three wives), Sir William
Knyvett, of Buckenham, Norfolk, and was living temp. Richard III. Her husband
was living 1491, aged 51.
{^) A beautiful coloured engraving of the brass is in Waller's Monumental Brasses,
1864. In the inscription thereon he is styled "Viscount Beaumont and Lord
Bardolfe."
The coheirs were his great nephews, ^^;'z. (i) Sir Brian Stapleton, s. and h.
of Joan (wife of Sir Brian S.), 1st da. of John (Lovel), Lord Lovel, by Joan, only
sister of the deceased, and (2) Sir John Norreys, s, and h. of Frideswide, 2nd and yst.
da. of the said Lord Lovel by the said Joan, only sister of the deceased. The said
Sir John Norreys d. s.p. legit., 6 Eliz., leaving as his br. and h. Henry, who had been
attainted in Pari. 28 Hen. VIII. Though Henry Norreys, the s. and h. of the said
Henry, was restored in blood and sum. by writ, 14 Eliz., as Lord " Norris de
Rycote," the attainder was never reversed. In consequence of this attainder (the
issue of the attainted person who represented this moiety of the Barony still continuing),
Thomas Stapleton, of Carlton, co. York, sole h. of the other coh. (see pedigree
p. 65), having been advised that such attainder had terminated such abeyance,
petitioned the Crown in 1789, claiming the Barony as one vested in himself as sole
heir. This extraordinary view of the effect of an attainder was naturally enough not
adopted by the House, who, on 26 June 1795, adjudged that the Petitioner was not
entitled to the dignity.* In consequence thereof, on 26 Apr. 1796, Mr. Stapleton
64
BEAUMONT
wife) John (de Vere), Earl of Oxford, who d. lo Mar. 1 512/3. She d.
26 June 1537, and was bur. at Wivenhoe afsd. M.I. Will dat. 30 May
1537-
VIII. 1840. 8. Miles Thomas Stapleton, of Carlton Towers, co.
York, s. and h. of Thomas S., of the same, and of the
Grove, Richmond, in the said co., by his ist wife, Mary Juliana, da. of Sir
Robert Cansfield Gerard, 9th Bart., was b. 4 June 1805, at Richmond
afsd. He sue. his father 4 July 1839. Being one of the coheirs of the
Barony of Beaumont (see pedigree), he, though a Conservative,(^) was
sum. to Pari, as a Baron (LORD BEAUMONT) by writ, 16 Oct. 1840,
Queen Victoria having, upon his petition, terminated the abeyance of that
Barony in his favour.C") On 26 Jan. 1841, he was placed in the House
next below the Lord Camoys, a creation of 1383, the writ of 1432 (and
petitioned for a termination in his favour of the abeyance of the Barony, as a coh.
thereof. On 14 Mar. 1798 the House resolved that the Petitioner was a coh. of the
Barony; and there, for above 40 years, the matter ended. A full account of these
proceedings is given in Cruise, pp. 214-244.
* So loose were the then notions of representation, that a considerable amount
of time and expense was wasted in consequence of their Lordships having (in 1791)
directed that " the representatives of Anne and Margaret, sisters of the attainted
Henry Norreys (who, it must be remembered, himself Jefl issue), should be traced by
Mr. Stapleton, and being found should be served with notices of his claim," their
Lordships apparently believing that an attainder not only prevented the succession of
the rightful heir to a dignity, but actually had the effect of introducing a new line
of heirs. The result of his search is printed in the Prospectus and Specimen of a Fro-
posed Work on the present State of Baronies by Writ, by Francis Townsend, Rouge
Dragon Pursuivant of Arms [1820 to 1833], pp. 16, folio, no date. The author
was s. (being also owner of the MSS.) of Francis Townsend, Windsor Herald [1784
to 1 8 19], whose valuable additions to Dugdale are given in the Coll. Top. et Gen.
if) He was the only member of that party who succeeded in obtaining such a
summons, of which there were several, at or about this time; see note "b" next
below. V.G.
C") For a list of Baronies called out of abeyance see vol. iv, Appendix H. The
Editor has been unable to ascertain (in spite of assistance courteously rendered by the
officials of the House of Lords) why the Barony was not allowed to date from 1309,
when the first Beaumont was sum., for from that date to 1 432 there is a regular
succession from father to son, and in the case of the ist and 3rd Lords there is proof
of sitting. If the abeyance was to be determined at all, there does not seem any good
reason, on the analogy of other cases where an abeyance has been terminated, why
the precedency of 1309 should not have been granted. In 1870 Lord Beaumont
petitioned for precedency above Lord Audley (13 13), and in 187 1 he altered his
petition, claiming only to rank next below Audley, but he does not appear to have gone
any further in the matter or to have appeared before the Committee for Privileges.
The Fourth Report of the Committee on the Dignity of a Peer (commenting on
the Report of 1798, see note "f " above) says, "The Committee thus avoided deciding
whether the Dignity of Baron vested in William Viscount Beaumont was derived by
descent from any of his ancestors except his father, summoned in the nth \rectius
lOth] of Henry the Sixth." V.G.
BEAUMONT
65
PEDIGREE SHEWING THE COHEIRSHIP TO THE BARONY OF
BEAUMONT WHEN TERMINATED IN 1840.
[Descent. — Through the families of Beaumont and Stapleton to Errington, now Stapleton.]
John (Beaumont), Lord Beaumont, sum. to Pari. 1432-39;:
fr. Viscount Be.iumont, 1440; d. 1460.
r r
William, Viscount Beaumont, Lord Bar- John (Lovel),=:Joan, <i. {v.f.)
dolf.ind Lord Beaumont, d. s.p., 1507. Lord Lovel. 5 Aug. 1466.
Sir Brian Stapleton of= Joan, ist da., Francis,Viscount Lovel, /2/toW-
Carlton, co. York, d.
1 6 Dec. 1496.
Sir Edward:
a', before 4 Jan. ed 1485, d. s.p., 1487, in the Norreys of
1484/5. lifetime of his uncle, Lord Yattendon,
Beaumont.
Berks.
r
Sir Brian Stapleton, s. and h.=
Found to be one of the two
coheirs of William, Lord
Beaumont. He d. 2 Apr.
1550.
. <
Richard Stapleton, s. and==
\\.,d. 1 1 Jan. 1584/5.
Sir John Norreys, s. and
h. Found to be one of the
two coheirs of William,
Lord Beaumont. He d.
s.p. legit., 1564.
Henry Norreys, znd=:
s., attainted and ex-
ecuted (1536), z8
Hen. VIIL
:Frideswide,
2nd and y St.
da.,//, before
1507.
1
Two sisters,
See sub-
note •
%
Henry Norreys, only s. and h., restored in blood only, sum. by=
writ, as Lord " Norris de Rycote," 1572, d. 1600.
Brian Stapleton, s. and h., d. 13 Dec. 1606.=
I
Richard Stapleton, s. and h., d. about
"JU
Gilbert Stapleton, s. and h., bur. 14 Apr., 1636. ==
William Norreys, s. and h. ap., d. v.p.=
I
Francis (Norreys), Earl of Berkshire, s. =
and h., d. s.p.m., 1623.
Mark Erring-:
ton of Pont-
Eland,North-
umberland.
:Anne,
only
child that
had issue.
I
Sir Miles Stapleton, cr. a
Bart. 1662, eventually
sole h., d. s.p.s., bur. 19
Feb. 1706/7.
.1 '.
Nicholas Errington, nephew and h. of Sir Miles=
Stapleton, took the name of Stapleton, d. 171 5.
Nicholas Stapleton, of Carlton afsd., s. andh.,</.i750.
r 1
Thomas Stapleton, s. and h., THE Pe-= Miles Sta-
J Edward Wray = Elizabeth (Baroness Nor-
m. 27 Mar. ris), da. and sole h., bur.
z8 Nov. 1645.
m. z7
i6z2.
Montagu (Bertie),
2nd Earl of Lindsev,
d. 1666.
: Bridget, da. and sole
h., znd wife, bur.
24 Mar. 1656/7.
TiTioNER for the Barony of Beau-
mont in 1789 y 1796, d. 182
r
pleton,2"<'
s.,</.i8o8.
Miles Staple-
ton, of Carl-
ton, s. and h.,
d. /./., 1836.
Catharine, sister and
h., m. Sir George C.
Throckmorton,
Bart., and d. s.p.,
Jan. 1839.
Thomas Sta-=:
pleton, of
Carlton, s.
and h., d.
July, 1839.
James Bertie (ist s. and h. oi his mother),=z
sum. to Pari, as Lord "Norreys de
Rycote," 1679, "'• '^^''' °f Abingdon
1682, d. 1699.
I \ 1
Montagu (Bertie), Earl James =
of Abingdon, s. and h., d. Bertie
1743, /././. d.v.f.
Miles Thomas Stapleton, s. and h. (heir of Joan,
Lady Stapleton, and consequently coheir, i.e. heir of
a moiety, of the Barony of Beaumont) in whom the
abeyance was terminated by Writ of Summons,
16 Oct. 1840, as Lord Beaumont.
Willoughby (Bertie), Earl of Abing-=:
don, nephew and h., d. 1762.
1
Willoughby (Bertie), Earl of Abing- =
don, s. and h., d. 1799.
Montagu (Bertie), Earl of Abingdon, s. and
h., (heir of Frideswide, Lady Norreys, and
consequently coheir, i.e. heir of a moiety, of
the Barony of Beaumont), living 1 840.
/K 10
66 BEAUMONT
not those to the earlier Barons) being considered as the one proved.(^)
He m., 9 Sep. 1844, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., and in a Rom. Cath. Church,
Isabella Anne, ist da. of John Cavendish (Browne), 3rd Lord Kilmaine
[I.], by his 1st wife, Eliza, da. of David Lyon. He d. 16 Aug. 1854, of
inflammation of the bowels, in Bruton Str., aged 49. Will pr. Oct. 1854.
His widow is now (19 10) living, at Carlton Towers, co. York.
IX. 1854. 9. Henry (Stapleton), Lord Beaumont, s. and h., b.
II Aug. 1848, in Curzon Str., Mayfair, Midx. Cornet
1st Life Guards, 1868 to Dec. 1869. Attached to the 17th Lancers during
the Zulu war in 1879, and was at the battle of Ulundi in 1880. He
became a Roman Cath. in i869.('') A Conservative in politics. He w.,
28 July 1888, at the Rom. Cath. Oratory, Brompton, Violet, only da. of
Frederick Wootton Isaacson, by ( — ) his wife, who was well-known (as a
West-end milliner) under her trade-name of Madame Elise, and who is said
to have settled ^{^ 6,000 a year and a sum of ^100,000 on her said daughter.
He d. s.p., 23 Jan. 1892, aged 43, at 10 Wyndham Place, Marylebone,
and was bur. at Carlton. His widow living 19 10.
X. 1892 10. Miles (Stapleton), Lord Beaumont, only br. and
to h., b. 17 July 1850, in Curzon Str. afsd.; ed. at Eton;
1895. entered the Coldstream Guards, 1869; served on the staff
in Canada, 1874-75; in Malta, 1879; in the Bechuanaland
expedition, 1884-85; and with the Egyptian frontier force, 1885-86 (medal
and bronze star); Lieut. Col. Commanding the 20th Hussars, 1891-95.
He became a Roman Cath. in i88o.('') He ;«., 9 Nov. 1893, at the Rom.
Cath. Church of St. Mary, Cadogan Str., Ethel Mary, da. and h. of Sir
Charles Henry Tempest, Bart., by his ist wife, Cecilia Elizabeth Tichborne,
da. of John Hubert Washington Hibbert, of Bilton Grange, co. Warwick.
He d. s.p.m., 16 Sep. 1895, aged 45, from the accidental discharge of his
gun while crossing "Green gates" stile in Carlton Towers park, when
the Barony became for 3 weeks suspended^ after which it fell into abeyance.(f)
Will, dat. the day of his death, pr. at ;^ 18,049 g^'oss, and ^7,889 net.
His widow living 19 10.
XI. 1896. II. Mona Josephine Tempest Stapleton, 1st da. and
coh., b. I Aug. 1894. In her favour (though only in the
2nd year of her age) the abeyance of the Barony was terminated, i June
1 896, and she thus became j«o>r^ BARONESS BEAUMONT C^) [1432].
(^) For a list of the only recognised Paris, (down to 1500) which furnish a date
of origin for Baronies by writ now (1910) existing, see vol. vi. Appendix G. V.G.
C") For a list of Peers and Peeresses who have joined the Roman Church since
1850, see vol. iii, Appendix G.
(•=) The coheirs were his two daughters, of whom the elder obtained the barony
the year after his death. The younger, Ivy Mary, was posthumous, being b. 4 Oct.
('') The widows of her father, uncle, and grandfather being all alive (1910), she
is one of four ladies who bear the title of Bnroness Beaumont.
BEAUMONT 67
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, besides some 24 acres, near London,
in Midx., valued at ^^i 1,000 a year, and some 30 acres, near Dover, valued
at ;^2,ooo a year, consisted of 5,700 acres in co. York, valued at ;{^ 12,400
a year. Total, 5,754 acres, of the yearly value of /[2 5,400. Principal
Residence. — Carlton Towers, near Selby, co. York.
BEAUMONT OF SWORDS
VISCOUNTCY [I.] I. Thomas Beaumont, s. and h. of Sir Henry
B., of Cole Orton, co. Leicester,(^) by Elizabeth, da.
of John Lovis, citizen of London, and h. to her br.
Humphrey, sue. his father 31 Mar. 1607, and was knighted 23 Apr. 1603,
at Belvoir Castle; Hio;h Sheriff of co. Leicester 1610-11; cr. a Baronet,
17 Sep. i6iq. On 20'' May 1622, he was cr. VISCOUNT BEAUMONT
OF SWORDS, CO. Dublin [I.]. He m., in or before 1614, Elizabeth, da.
and h. of Henry Sapcote, of Bracebridge, co. Lincoln, by Eleanor, da. and
coh. of Robert Sapcote, of Elton, co. Huntingdon. He d. before 22 May
1625. Will, without date, but made in Feb. 1624, pr. 31 May 1625.
His widow, who was aged 12 in 1592, was living May 1625.
II. 1625. 2. Sapcote (Beaumont), Viscount Beaumont of
Swords [I.], s. and h., b. 10 May 1614. He suffered
deeply in the Royal cause, his house being burnt by the rebels. He «/.,
istly, 28 May 1632, at Burton, co. Lincoln, Bridget, the yr. of the two
daughters so named of Sir Thomas Monson, ist Bart., by Margaret, da.
of Sir Edmund Anderson, Lord Ch. Justice of the Common Pleas. She
was bur. i June 1640, at Burton. He ;w., 2ndly, in or before 1643, Ann,
1st da. of Sir W^illiam Villiers, Bart., by his 3rd wife, Rebecca, 2nd da.
of Robert Roper, of Heanor, co. Derby. He d. 1658, aged 44. His
widow d. at the Grange, co. Leicester, and was bur. 6 Sep. 1678, at
Brooksby, in the same county. Admon. 20 Sep. 1678, 12 Mar. 1 680/1,
and 19 June 1682.
III. 1658 3. Thomas (Beaumont), Viscount Beaumont of
to Swords [I.], and also a Baronet, s. and h. by ist wife,
1702. bap. 10 Apr. 1634, at Burton afsd. He was not present
in James II's Pari, in May iS^.i^) He ;». Mary, da.
of Sir Erasmus de la Fontain, or Fontain, of Kirby Bellars, co. Leicester.
She was living Oct. 1671. He d. s.p., 11 June 1702, aged 68, and was
bur. at Cole Orton, when all his honours became extinct.(f)
(^) Being descended from Thomas, 2nd s. of John, 4tli Lord Beaumont, the
grandfather of Viscount Beaumont, he petitioned James I to renew in his person tlie
extinct Viscountcy, which petition is printed in Nichols' Leicestershire, vol. iii, p. 734.
See also Round's Peerage and Pedigree, vol. i, p. 95.
C") For a list of the Peers present in, and absent from that Pari., see vol. iii.
Appendix D.
(■=) The estates went by his will to his cousin and h. ma/f, Sir George Beaumont,
68
BEDFORD
BARONY.
I. 1839
to
1853-
but d. s.p.y
extinct.
29
BEAUVALE
I. Sir Frederic James Lamb, G.C.B., '
was cr. 20 Apr. 1839, BARON BEAU-
VALE of Beauvale, co. Nottingham. On
24 Nov. 1848, he sue. his br. as Viscount
Melbourne [L], and Baron Melbourne,
Jan. 1853, when all his honours became
EEC see BEKE
^8
a4
C/5
e S
d
z
fulle
ider
0S l-J
5s , ,
^^
^^
— '
00"
<l
w
c> .-^
r
' 3
BECCLES
See " Worlingham of Beccles, Suffolk," Barony {Acheson)^ cr. 1835.
BECHE see DE LA BECHE
BECKETT
i.e. "Chute of Beckett, co. Berks," Barony (Barrington), cr. 1880;
see "Barrington of Ardglass," Viscountcy [I.], cr. 1720, under the 7th
Viscount.
BECTIVE
EARLDOM [I.]
L 1766.
14 Dec. 1795.
II
OF BECTIVE
CASTLE
Viscount
I. Thomas (Taylour),
Headfort, <yc. [I.], was, on 24 Oct.
1766, cr. EARL OF BECTIVE of
Bective Castle, co. Meath [I.]. He d.
1795-
2. Thomas (Taylour), Earl of
Bective, <yc. [I.], s. and h. On 29 Dec.
1800, he was cr. Marquess of Headfort [I.].
■— ' r« r«
ri as ON
to o
•— ' s,
o ^ <
P S^'
<D
c
01 -
- n
wS
^ 3
EARLDOM.
I. 1138.
BEDFORD (County)
I. Hugh de Beaumont, called "Hugo Pauper" 3rd
s. of Robert, Count of Meulan in Normandy, by Eliza-
beth, da. of Hugh, Count of Vermandois, was knighted
4th Bart, of Stoughton Grange, co. Leicester, a descendant of Sir Thomas B. of the
same, who was yr. br. of testator's great-grandfather, Sir Henry B. of Cole Orton
abovenamed. In this family they still (1885) continue. Testator's sister Elizabeth,
bap. 20 Mar. 1632/3, at Burton afsd., m. there, 8 Aug. 1650, Sir John Hotham, Bart.,
whose heir represents these Viscounts.
BEDFORD 69
before 1 138, and cr. EARL OF BEDFORD by King Stephen in 1 138,(^)
who put him in possession of the Castle and Barony of Bedford, ejecting
therefrom the sons of Robert Beauchamp, whose cousin, the da. and h.
of Sir Simon Beauchamp, had been granted in marriage to the said Hugh.
He appears, however, to have lapsed into poverty, and even to have been
degraded from his peerage three or four years afterwards,('') and at his
death the title, in all probability, became extinct.
II. 1366 I. Ingelram, or Enguerrand de Coucy, Sire de Coucy,
to La Fere and Oisy in the district of Marle,(') <yc., only s.
^377' ^^^ ^- of Enguerrand de Coucy, of the same, by Catharine
OF Hapsburg, 1st da. and coh. of Leopold, Duke of
Austria (s. of Albert, King of the Romans, and grandson of the
Emperor Rudolph), sue. his father in 1344, being then in his 5th year.
He was one of the hostages for John, King of France, to England, where
he arrived in 1360. The English King showed great favour to him,
restoring him lands in Lancashire, {ffc, to which he had claim by descent
(through his great-grandmother. Christian, da. and h. of Sir William
Lindsay) from the family of Balliol. He m., 27 July 1365, at Windsor,
Isabel C*) I St da. of King Edward III, by Philippe, da. of William, Count
OF Holland and Hainault. In consequence of this royal alliance he was
made K.G. the same year, and by charter, 11 May 1366, was cr. EARL
OF BEDFORD, with rem. to the heirs male of his body by the said Isabel.
On 9 July 1367 he obtained the territory of Soissons, which Guy de Blois,
Count of Soissons, another of the French hostages, was induced to surrender,
so as to purchase his freedom. On the accession of Richard II he resigned
to that King, 26 Aug. 1377, all his English Honours,(^) and devoted himself
to the service of France, where he greatly distinguished himself, being
Marshal and Grand Butler of that Kingdom. His wife (who was b. 16 June
1332 at Woodstock) remained in England, and was one of the Ladies
for whom (notwithstanding her husband's resignation) robes of the Order
if) For a list of Earldoms conferred by King Stephen see vol. iv, Appendix D.
C") Negligenter et remisse, ut vir laxus et efFeminatus se continens, justo Dei
judicio, de Comite miles, de Milite in brevi pauperrimus fuit." — See Gesta Stephani as
quoted in Vincent's Discoverie of Errours, p. 46, and see also p. 300 of that work.
i^) The illustrious descent and aristocratic independence of this house is "proudly
exemplified in their very characteristic motto,"
" Roi je ne suis.
Prince ni Comte aussi,
Je suis le Sire de Coucy."
See The Princesses of England, by M. A. Everett Green, vol. iii, p. 198, to which
work the editor (G.E.C.) was indebted. See also comments on this account of the
family of de Coucy, in an article by J. Bain, in The Genealogist, N.S., vol. iv, p. 89.
There is an interesting French work, The History of the Town and Lords of Coucy, by
Maximilian Melleville (Laon, 1 818); also a pedigree (by Alexander Sinclair) in Lord
Crawford's Lives of the Lindsays. See also vol. i, p. 386, note "d."
(••) As to her supposed name of "Plantagenet," see vol. i, p. 183, note " c."
(^) For a list of English peerages surrendered, see vol. iii, Appendix A.
70 BEDFORD
of the Garter(^) were provided, not only in 1376, but (under the style of
" Countess of Bedford ") in Apr. 1379. This is the last mention of herjC")
as she d. before 4 May 1379, and was bur. at the Greyfriars (Christ Church),
Newgate. The Sire de Coucy m., 2ndly, in 1380, Isabel, da. of Jean I,
Duke of Lorraine, by his ist wife, Sophie, da. of Eberhard III, Count of
WuRTEMBERG. In 1380 he refused the staff of Constable of France, but
was made Governor of Brittany, and, subsequently, one of the Regency
during the minority of Charles VI of France. He was taken prisoner at
the defeat of the Christian army at Nicopolis by the Turks, on 28 Sep.
1396, and d. of the plague, s.p.m., 18 Feb. 1396/7, at Bursa in Natolia,
aged about 56, being bur. in the Abbey of Villeneuve near Soissons. M.I.
Codicil to will dat. Bursa, 18 Feb. 1 396/7. (") His widow came to England
in 1397 as attendant of the young Queen Consort.(^)
DUKEDOM. I. JohNjC^) 3rd s. of King Henry IV, by his ist wife,
T Mary, da. and coh. of Humphrey (de Bohun), Earl of
J Hereford, was b. 20 June 1389. K.B. 11 Oct. 1399,
and K.G. probably soon after his father's accession to the
"Z^-^ Crown in 1399, but possibly not till I402.(*) Warden
of the East Marches, and Capt. of Berwick, 1403-14.
'*'^-'' On 10 Sep. (1403) 4 Hen. IV, he was made Constable
(^) For a list of these ladies, see Appendix B in this volume.
C") See, however, Pat. Roll^ 23 Jan. 1380/1, from which she would appear to
have been then living. V.G.
(') His English estates went to Philippe, Countess of Oxford, the 2nd and yst.
of his two daughters by his 1st wife, by agreement in 140 1 between the sisters,
whereby the elder, Mary (//. Apr. 1366, at Ch.^teau de Coucy), had the French
estates. This Mary ?n., in 1393, Henry, Duke of Bar, and sold the domain of
Coucy, 15 Nov. 1400, to Louis, Duke of Orleans, and d. 1404. The representation
of the De Coucy family finally passed, with her granddaughter Jeanne, to the family
of Luxembourg, Counts of St. Pol, and so to the House of Bourbon and the Crown of
France, in the person of Henry IV. The Sire de Coucy had also a da. (by his 2nd
wife) who was named Isabel, and who w., in 1409, Philip of Burgundy, Count
of Nevers, by whom she had one child, who d. s.p.
if) It is stated in the Latin History of Charles FI, ad arm. 1399, that "Dominus
Stephanus Dux in Bavaria pater Regine Francie relictam quondam Domini de Couciaco
in reditu expeditionis Hungarie mortui desponsavit," but this appears to be a mistake,
and the historians of the House of Bavaria mention no such alliance. Stephan III,
Duke of Baycrn-Ingolstadt (father of Isabeau, wife of Charles VI of France), rn., 2ndly,
17 Jan. 1 40 1, Eiisabethe, da. of Adolf, Count of Cleve, and widow of Reinold von
Valkenburg, Herr von Born (who d. 17 Jan. 1396). (C. Haeutle, Geneal. des Stamm-
hauses Wittclsbach., 1870, p. 123; etc!). Further, this Isabel of Lorraine is described
in the Registres du Parlement in 1 404 as "Ysabellis de Lothoringia domina Couciaci
relicta defuncti consanguinei nostri Ingeranni quondam domini Couciaci," and in 1408
as "domina de Couciaco et de Florinis ac Comitissa Suession'." (Du Chesne,
Maison de Guines et de Coucy, preuves, pp. 423, 427). {ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
{^) As to his supposed name of "Plantagenet" see vol. i, p. 183, note " c."
(') See notes to pp. civ and clvi in Beltz's Order of the Garter.
BEDFORD 71
OF England, which office was afterwards (i i Hen. IV) confirmed to him for
life. Joint Ambassador to Scotland, 141 1. In the Pari, held at Leicester,
16 May (1414) - Hen. V, he was cr. Earl of Kendal and DUKE
OF BEDFORD /or ///"f, which dignities, on surrender,^ were regranted
to him and the heirs male of his body on 8 July 1433. O" 24 Nov.
I4i4('') he was cr. Earl of Richmond, "with a reversion of the Castle,
Earldom, Honour and Lordship of Richmond after the death of the said
Ralph [Nevill], Earl of Westmorland [who d. 1425], to hold to him the
said Duke and the heirs male of his body." On 12 Aug. 141 5, when
Henry V made his expedition to France, and again on 25 July 1417 and
10 June 142 1, he was appointed Guardian, and on 5 Dec. 1422, Protector
of the Kingdom of England. The feudal Viscountcy of Beaumont in
Maine, forfeited (141 5) by the Duke of Alenijon, was granted to him by
Henry V. On 15 Aug. 1415, he defeated the French fleet off Harfleur.
Lord High Admiral 142 1 till his death. In Sep. 1422 (after the death of
Henry V), he was made Regent of France, " using in his style these
several titles. Regent of the Realm of France, Duke of Bedford, Anjou and
Aletifon, Earl of Mayenne, Richmond and Kendal, and Constable of Eng-
land. "(°) On 17 Aug. 1424 he commanded the English and Burgundians
at the battle of Verneuil,('') gaining a bloody victory, wherein of the enemy
(*) For a list of English Peerages surrendered see vol. iii. Appendix A.
C") The patent of 1414 was afterwards enrolled in Pari. In the 3rd Gen.
Report of the Lords' Committees on the Dignity of a Peer, p. 1 03, it is said that by this
patent "the Duke of Bedford was cr. Earl of Richmond immediately, though he had
the territorial property only in reversion" on which, it is remarked, in Courthope,
p. 397, that "The Patent granted to the Duke of Bedford ordained that he should
have the name, honour, and style of Earl of Richmond, with the arms annexed to
the said Earldom; and, as the territorial possessions of the said Earldom were then in
the hands of the Earl of Westmoreland, this circumstance strongly justifies the
conclusion arrived at in the said Report, and which the indefatigable Vincent had
formerly adopted, that in the case of the Earl of JVestmoreland, the grant of the Earl-
dom did not give to him the title of Earl of Richmond." Sir N. H. Nicolas, however,
in his note on this subject, says "It is evident from the same report that the patent
to Ralph, Earl of Westmoreland, is considered to have cr. him Earl of Richmond, a
fact denied by the indefatigable Vincent;" suggesting (erroneously) as an alternative
that the dignity, as well as the territory, was meant to be only a reversionary grant to
the Duke. — See Nicolas, p. 537.
('^) Sandford's Genealogical History, ^c, 1707, p. 312, i3'c. By some authorities
he is also called Earl of Carlisle, but does not appear to have either received or used
that title.
(d) "But the most vengeaunce fFell upon the Scottes, fFor they went to schippe
wessh of hem the same day mo than xvij c of cote darmes by accountyng of heraudis.
. . . Wherefore it may be seid of them the worde.of old tyme:
That in the croke of the mone came thei thiderwarde.
And in the wilde wanyng went thei homewarde."
{Chron. of London, edit. Kingsford, p. 129). Bedford, in a letter written two
days after the battle, gives the French loss as 7,262 men. (Ramsay, Lancaster and
York, vol. i, p. 350). (('.V inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
72 BEDFORD
" 7,000 French and 2,500 Scots were slain. "(^) Admiral of England,
Ireland, and Guienne, 26 July 1426. On 7 Sep. 1432 he crowned his
nephew, Henry VI, at Paris, as King of France. He w., istly, (cont. dat.
at Troyes, 18 May) at Troyes, June 1423, Anne, da. of Jean, Duke of
Burgundy, by Marguerite, da. of Albrecht of Bavaria, Count of Hainault,
Holland, and Zeland. She d. 14 Nov. 1432, in childbed, at Paris, and
was bur. in the Church of the Celestines there. M-I.C") He w., 2ndly,
20 Apr. 1433, at TherouennejC") Jacquette, or Jacqueline, da. of Pierre
DE Luxembourg, Count of St. Pol, by Marguerite, da. of Francesco del
Balzo, Duke of Andria in Apulia,('=) she being then aged about 17. He
d. s.p.s.y 15 Sep. 1435, at his residence, " Joyeux Repos," at Rouen, aged
46, when all his honours became extinct. He was bur. at Rouen. M.I.('')
Will dat. 10 Sep. 1435, P'"- 7 ^'^^- H4i ^t Lambeth. ("*) His widow in
(1435-36) 14 Hen. VI, was one of the Ladies for whom robes of the
Order of the Garter were provided.^ She m., between 6 Feb. 1435/6
and 23 Mar. 1436/7, when she had pardon for marriage without lie. Sir
Richard Widville, afterwards Earl Rivers (beheaded 1469), and d. his
widow, 30 May 1472, having lived ten years after her da. Elizabeth had
become Queen Consort to Edward IV.(')
II. 1470 I. George Nevill, styled Lord Nevill, s. and h. ap. of
to John, Earl of Northumberland, f^fc. (afterwards, 1470,
1477. Marquess of Montagu), by Isabel, da. and h. of Sir
Edmund Ingoldsthorpe, was b. about 1457, being still
a minor 22 Oct. 1476. On 5 Jan. (1469/70) 9 Edw. IV, he was cr. DUKE
OF BEDFORD, (s) by Edward IV, who had the intention of bestowing on
him in marriage his ist da., Elizabeth, afterwards the wife of Henry VII.
On the attainder of his father, who was slain at the battle of Barnet,
14 Apr. 1 47 1, and the consequent forfeiture of the family estate, having no
means of sustaining his honours, he was degraded from his Peerage (^) by
Act of Pari. (1477) 17 Edw. IV. He was unm. 9 Mar. 1479/80, when
his marriage was granted to Richard, Duke of Gloucester. He d. s.p.,
(*) Vincent on Brooke.
C") See note "c" on previous page.
if) Stemmata iZ/ustria, by Sir Egerton Brydges (Paris, 1825), p. 51.
(d) Test. Fct. 241, and Royal Willi, 2 70.
if) See Appendix B in this volume.
(*) On 21 Feb. 1469/70, she lodged a complaint before the King and Council
against Thomas Wake Esq., for having "in the time of the late trouble caused her
to be brought in a common noise and slander of witchcraft . . . saying that an image
of lead, made like a man at arms, of the length of a man's finger, broken in the middle,
and made fast with wire, was made by her to use with sorcery." V.G.
(s) A singular instance of the creation of a Dukedom without the grantee having
any inferior title, though it should be borne in mind that he was s. and h. ap. of an
Earl. See note mh Francis, Earl of Lincoln [1692].
C") See Cokes Imt.^ vol. iv, p. 355.
BEDFORD 73
4 May, 1483, aged about 26, having survived his father twelve years, and
was bur. at Sheriff Hutton.
III. 1485 I. Jasper Tudor, called of Hatfield, was b. about
to i430> ^t Hatfield, Herts, being 2nd s. of Sir Owen Tudor,
1495. by Katharine, Queen Dowager of England, da. of
Charles VI, King of France. Being thus uterine br.
to King Henry VI, he was knighted by him 25 Dec. 1449, ^"^ was, on
6 Mar. 1452/3, cr. Earl of Pembroke, with place and precedency in Pari,
and elsewhere immediately below his elder br., Edmund, Earl of Richmond
(fr. the same day), who had place and precedency immediately after all
Dukes. (^) Nom. K.G. before 23 Apr. 1459. For his energetic support
of the House of Lancaster he was attainted, 4 Nov. 146 !.('') He took an
active part in the temporary restoration (9 Oct. 1470 to 14 Apr. 147 1) of
Henry VI, when he was restored to his honours, but was again attainted in
1471, having, after the battle of Barnet (14 Apr. 1471), fled into Brittany.
On the accession of his nephew, Henry VII, to the Crown, he was, on
27 Oct. 1485, cr. DUKE OF BEDFORD, and on 12 Dec. following was
again restored to the Earldom of Pembroke (') by Pari. P.C., 1485. High
Steward of Oxford Univ. 1485-92. Lord Deputy of Ireland, 1486-94.
One of the commissioners for the High Steward at the Coronation of the
Queen Consort, and Bearer of her Crown thereat, 10 Nov. 1487. Hew.,
before 7 Nov. 1485, Katharine, widow of Henry (Stafford), Duke of
Buckingham, 6th da. and coh. of Richard (Widville), Earl Rivers, by
Jacqueline, da of Pierre de Luxembourg, Count of St. Pol, and sister of
Elizabeth, Queen Consort of Edward IV. He d. s.p. legit.,{f) 21 Dec.
1495, aged about 65, and was bur. in the Abbey of Keynsham, when all his
honours became extinct. Will dat. 15 Dec. 1495, ?•"• ^ July 1496. (*) His
widow, who was aged above 34 on 4 Aug. 1492, ?«. (as his ist wife) Sir
Richard Wingfield, K.G., of Kimbolton Castle, Hunts, who d. 22 July
1525, at Toledo, in Spain.
EARLDOM. I. John Russell (*) s. and h. of James R., of Kingston
(*) See for a list of special warrants of precedency, vol. i, Appendix C.
('') "The Due of Excestre and th'erle of Pembrok ar floon and taken to the
mounteyns, and dyvers Lordes with gret puissans after them." (H. Wyndesore to
John Paston, 4 Oct. 1461). V.G.
(') For a list of these restorations, see note sub Edward, Earl of Devon [1485-
1509].
C^) Helen, his illegit. da., m. William Gardiner, citizen of London, and was
mother of Stephen, the celebrated Bishop of Winchester.
(«) Test. Vet., p. 430.
The Norman origin which is claimed for the Russells in the Memoir i of the
House of Russell, by J. H. WiflFen, 1833, has been demolished by J. H. Round, and
the true descent established in his paper on "The Origin of the Russells" [Studies in
Peerage and Family History, pp. 250 et sqq.). V.G.
I I
74 BEDFORD
III. 1550. Russell, Dorset, (d. 1509), by his ist wife, Alice, da. and
h. of John Wyse, of Sydenham, Devon, was b. about 1485,
at Kingston Russell, and having {y.p.) in Jan. 1 506, made himself of
service to Philip of Austria and Juana his wife (King and Queen of Castile),
when wrecked off Weymouth, was by them introduced to the Court, and
was made Gentleman of the Privy Chamber to Henry VII in 1507, and to
Henry VIII in 1509. In 1513 he attended the King at the taking of
Therouenne and Tournay, at which latter place he obtained (in 15 17)
certain lands, and was in 15 14 deputy thereof. He was knighted by the
Earl of Surrey, 2 July 1522, for his services at the taking of Morlaix
in Brittany; was on several important missions to Italy, Germany, i^c;
in 1523 was made Knight-Marshal; was at the battle of Pavia 24 Feb.
1524/5; Sheriff of Dorset and Somerset, 1528; M.P. for Bucks, 1529-36;
attended the King in 1532 to Boulogne; was Comptroller of the House-
hold, 1537-39; P.C. 1538, and again 1547 and 1553. On 9 Mar. 1538/9,
he was cr. BARON RUSSELL.(^) In that year he had a grant of the
manor of Agmondesham [now Amersham], Bucks, being part of the estates
of Edward Stafford, the attainted Duke of Buckingham. President of the
Council for Devon, Cornwall, Somerset and Dorset, Apr. 1539; nom.
K.G. 24 Apr., and inst. 18 May 1539. In July 1539 he was made High
Steward of Cornwall, Warden of the Stannaries, i^c; Lord High Admiral,
1540-42; Privy Seal, Oct. 1542-55; High Steward of the Univ. of
Oxford 1543 till his death; Capt. Gen. of the Vanguard of the army for the
attack on Boulogne, 1 545 ; one of the executors (Dec. 1 546), and one of the
16 counsellors during the minority of Edward VI, appointed by Henry VIII.
Besides the Cistercian Abbey at Dunkeswell, Devon, he, in 1540, on the
dissolution of the greater monasteries, obtained for himself and the heirs
of his body the whole of the rich Abbey of Tavistock, Devon, also the town
of Tavistock with above thirty manors, several advowsons, fife, belonging
thereto in Devon and Cornwall, also other lands in Devon, Somerset and
Bucks, some belonging to the dissolved Abbey of St. Albans, i^c. Other
grants followed. From Edward VI he obtained the preceptory of Knights
Hospitallers at Mitchelburn, Beds, the Cistercian Abbey at Woburn, Beds,
the Benedictine Abbey at Thorney, co. Cambridge (1549), the Dominican
Priory (afterwards called Bedford House) at Exeter, dffc. Finally, on
4 May 1552, he obtained the grant of seven acres called "Long Acre,"
Midx., (forfeited by the Duke of Somerset) which, being the garden of a
suppressed convent, comprises the site of the present " Covent Garden-''^")
(') This Barony was cr. the same day as that of " St. John," and is enrolled
immediately subsequent thereto. Neither of them is described as of any locality, the
titles conferred being (merely) "Baron Seint John " and "Baron Russell."
C") On this site was afterwards built " Bedford House " on the north side of the
Strand, now (19 10) the site of Southampton Str., which house was taken down in
1704, when the family removed (for 100 years) to Bedford House, Bloomsbury.
Great as may have been the deserts of the first Earl there is little doubt but they were
more than rewarded by the honours and estates that were lavished on him. See the
eloquent speech of Edmund Burke (1796), brought forth by an attack on his (well
earned) pension made by the Duke of Bedford, in Collins, vol. i, p. 270.
BEDFORD 75
At the coronation, 20 Feb. 1547, he bore the third Sword, and was Lord
High Steward tor that occasion. For his assistance in carrying out the
order of the Council against " images " and for promoting the new religion,
he was, on 19 Jan. 1549/50, cr. EARL OF BEDFORD.'(^) In 4 Edw. VI
(1550) he and Lord Paget were the ambassadors who concluded a treaty
of peace with France, at Guines. Lord Lieut, of Devon, Cornwall,
Somerset, and Dorset, 1552. On 16 June 1553 he was one of the 26 Peers
who signed (as did also his s. Lord Russell) the settlement of the crown
on Lady Jane Grey.(*') On 3 Nov. 1553 he obtained a new patent as
Lord Privy Seal, and was one of those sent to attend Philip II into
England, on his coming from Spain to wed the Queen. He ;;?., in the
Spring of 1526, Anne, widow of Sir Richard Jerningham, and formerly
of John Broughton, of Toddington, Beds, da. and h. of Sir Guy S.\pcote,
of CO. Huntingdon, by Margaret, da. and h. of Sir Guy Wolston. He d.
at (" Russell House ") his house " near Ivy^ Bridge "C^) in the Strand, Midx.,
14, and was bur. 20 Mar. 1 554/5, C*^) at Chenies, Bucks, (^) aged about 60.
M.I. Inq. p. m. at Watford 9 Apr. 1555. Will dat. 2 Feb. 1554/5, pr.
2 May 1555, and again 16 July 1605. His widow d. 14, and was bur.
21 Mar. iSS^hy ^Iso at Chenies. M.I. Will dat. 19 Aug. 1558, pr.
22 Mar. 1558/9. Inq. p. m. at Walnesford [now Wansfordj, Northants,
18 Jan. 1559/60.
^- ^5SS- -• Francis (Russell), Earl of Bedford, &c., only s.
and h., b. 1527, being aged 28 at his father's death. Ed.
at King's Hall, Cambridge. He served under his father at the siege of
Montreuil 1544. He was one of the 40 knights made K.B.(^ 20 Feb.
1 546/7, at the coronation of Edward VI. Sheriff of Beds and Bucks, 1 547-
48; M.P.(8) for Bucks, 1547-52; Lord Lieut, of Bucks, 1552. On 5 Jan.
(*) This dignity for the last 200 years had been one connected with the royal
family. At the same time Lord St. John was cr. Earl of Wiltshire, both appearing
for the first time under their higher titles on Monday, 20 Jan. 1 549/50. Wriothesley's
Chronicle, vol. ii, p. 31, is in error in adding that Sir W. Paget was cr. Lord Paget at
the same time; he had been so cr. 3 Dec. 1549, and had taken his seat the same
day. V.G.
('') For a list of these, see note sub Edward, Earl of Derby [1521].
{^) His son, who resided there, refers to it in his will (1584) as in St. Clement
Danes' parish. It had been formerly the house of the Bishops of Carlisle. "Bedford
House," Strand (see note " b " on previous page) was not then built.
('') " His last service, when he was sent by the Queen, as her Deputy, with a
font of massie gold worth ^1^1043, '° hold King James at his baptism; with express
command not to acknowledge my Lord Darley [Darnlev] as King." (Lloyd, 1665).
V.G.
(*) Chenies was inherited by the Russell family under the will of Dame Agnes
Cheney, dat. 20 Nov. 1494, through her niece Anne Semark {m. 2ndly, Sir David
Phelip, and d. his widow i Aug. 15 10), who, by her ist husband. Sir William Sap-
cote, was mother of Sir Guy Sapcote, father of Anne, Countess of Bedford.
(*) See note sub Henry, Earl of Derby [1572].
(8) He appears to have been the first h, ap. of a peer of higher grade than a
76
BEDFORD
1552/3 he was sum. to Pari, in his father's Barony, as LORD RUSSELL,(*)
and as such signed the letters patent, 16 June 1553, settling the crown on
Lady Jane Grey-C") He was one of the Generals at the battle of St.
Quentin, 10 Aug. 1557. P.C. 1558; Warden of the Stannaries, 1559-80.
Ambassador to France, 1559, and again, 1561, on the death of Francis II.
Governor of Berwick and Warden of the East Marches, Feb. 1563/4;
elected K.G., 23 Apr., and inst. 15 May 1564; one of the Commissioners to
treat of the marriage of the Queen with the Duke of Anjou, 1582; Chief
Justice in Eyre, South of the Trent, 1584-85; Lord Lieut, of Dorset,
Devon and Cornwall, and the city of Exeter. Founder of two Student-
ships of Divinity at University College, Oxford. He was " commonly
called the good Earl of Bedford. "(") He twice entertained the Queen,
viz., on 23 July 1570, at Chenies, and, again, in July 1572, at Woburn
Abbey. He m., istly, Margaret, widow of Sir John Gostwick, sister of
Oliver, ist Lord St. John, and da. of Sir John St. John, of Bletsoe, Beds,
by Margaret, da. of Sir William Waldegrave, K.B. She, who was one of
the Ladies of Honour, d. at Woburn, Beds, 27 Aug., and was l>ur. 10 Sep.
1562, at Chenies. M.l. there. He m., 2ndly, (settlement 25 June 1566)
Bridget, widow of Henry (Manners), Earl of Rutland, and formerly of
Sir Richard Morrison, and da. of John (Hussey), Lord Hussey, by his
2nd wife, Anne, da. of George (Grey), Earl of Kent. He d. of gangrene,
at Russell, otherwise Bedford House, Strand, Midx., 28 July, and was bur.
14 Sep. 1585, at Chenies, aged 58.('*) M.I. Will dat. 7 Apr. 1584, pr.
30 Sep. 1586. Inq.f. m. at the Strand, 28 Dec. 1585. His widow, by
whom he had no issue, d. 12 Jan. 1 600/1, and was bur. at Watford, Herts,
aged 75. M.I. Will dat. 2 June 1600, pr. 12 Jan. 1 600/1.
[Edward Russell, styled Lord Russell, s. and h. ap., by ist wife.
He »?., about 1571, Jane Sibella, da. of Sir Richard Morrison, of Cashio-
bury, Herts, by Bridget, both abovenamed. He d. v.p. and s.p., soon
afterwards, and was bur. at Chenies. Admon., 30 June 1572, to "Lady
Sibill " his widow. She, who was an alien by birth (') but naturalised
(1575-76) 18 Eliz., »?., as his 2nd wife, Arthur (Grey), Lord Grey of
Wilton, K.G., sometime Lord Deputy of Ireland, who d. 1593. She d.
Viscount, to sit in the H. of Commons. There was evidently doubt as to his
eligibility, and a vote taken on the point, for on 21 Jan. 1549/50 it was "ordered
that Sir Francis Russell, son and heir apparent to the now Earl of Bedford shall abide
in this House in the state he was before." [House of Commons^ 'Journals). V.G.
(") For a list of eldest sons of peers sum. to Pari. v.p. in one of their father's
peerages, see vol. i, Appendix G.
C") For a list of these see note suh Edward, Earl of Derby [1521].
('^) Bookof " Benefactors " at the College of Arms, London.
('') Camden gives a high account of his piety, talents, and charity, and remarks
that his great wealth seduced him not into indolence, debauchery or pride. V.G.
See a masterly character of him in Froude's Eitxabeth, vol. i, p. 44.
(^) Her father had been employed by Henry VIII and Edward VI in several
foreign missions, to Germany and elsewhere. He d. at Strasburg, 17 Mar. 1556.
BEDFORD 77
in July i6i5.(^) Will dat. 6 Mar. 1614/5, pr. 14 July 1615, and 17 Feb.
1646/7.]
[John Russell, .f/v/c'd' Lord Russell, 2nd, but ist surv. s. and h. ap., also
by istwife, M.P. for Bridport 1 572-80/1, was jkw. to Pari. ^'./)., Jan. 1580/1,
in his father's Barony, as LORD RUSSELL, and sat therein then and on
many subsequent occasions. C") He m. (mar. lie. at Fac. office, wherein he
is called Thomas, 12 Dec. 1574), 23 Dec. 1574, at Bisham, Berks, Elizabeth,
widow of Sir Thomas Hoby, and da. of Sir Anthony Cook, ot Gidea Hall,
in Romford, Essex. He d. in July 1584, s.p.ni.s., v.p., at Highgate, and
was bur. at Westm. Abbey. M.I.('^) Admon. as of St. Anne, Black-
friars, London, 9 Oct. 1584, to his widow, and again, 22 Oct. 161 8, to his
da. Anne, Lady Herbert. His widow was bur. 2 June 1 609, at Bisham
afsd. M.I.^) Will, as "late wife of Rt. Hon. John, late Lord Russell,"
dat. 23 Apr., pr. 23 June 1609, and again 19 Nov. 161 7.]
[FR.A.KCIS Russell, snkiJ (1584-85) Lord Russell, 3rd, but ist surv. s.
and h. ap., by ist wife. Knighted 1570, for his services in Scotland, by the
Earl of Sussex. M.P. for Northumberland i572-84.('') He m., 15 July
1 57 1, Juliana, da. and coh. of Sir John Foster or Forster, Warden of the
Middle Marches. She ^. before him. He was mortally wounded in a fray on
the Scottish border, 27 July 1585, and d. not many hours before his father,
being bur. at Alnwick. Admon. 14 Sep. 1585, and 4 Mar. 1593/4.]
V. 1585. 3. Edward (Russell), Earl of Bedford, (f^c, grand-
son and h. male, being only s. and h. of Francis R. by
(*) Clutterbuck erroneously states {History of Hertfordshire) that she was bur.
26 June 1580, at Watford, Herts.
C") Lord Russell is ignored in Dugdale's Lists of Summonses, and Courthope
(p. 408, note) wrongly states that there is no notice of him in the "Journals of the
House of Lords, whereas his name appears regularly from Jan. 1 580/1, in which month
a new writ issued for Bridport on his becoming a peer. For a list of men sum. v.p.
in their father's peerages see Appendix G in vol. i. V.G.
{•=) An engraving of his tomb is in Dart's IVestminster Ahbe\< (with copy of the
numerous polyglot verses thereon), as also of the monument of Elizabeth, one of his
two daughters and coheirs, who d. unm. 2 July 1600. An elaborate account of her
baptism, 27 Oct. 1575 (the Queen being godmother) is in the Genealogist, N.S., vol. iii,
p. 25. The other da., Anne (the h. gen. of the Russell family, and of the 1st Earl of
Bedford), m. Henry Somerset (then styled Lord Herbert), afterwards Earl and Marquess
of Worcester, and left issue.
if) In Ashmole's Berkshire her effigy is said to have "a Viscountess's coronet on
her head," which would be the courtesy rank of her husband.
if) In the House of horis^ Journals, vol. ii, p. 76, " Dominus Russell," with the
mark /i. (signifying present) is printed under date 19 Dec. 1584. This could hardly
refer to anyone but this Francis Russell, and would imply that he, like his elder br.,
had been sum. v.p. An examination, however, of the original MS. Journals by the
Rev. A. B. Beaven, shows that p. has been inserted in error, and that no Dominus
Russell sat in the Pari. 1584-85 which met first 25 Nov. 1584. The name appears
to have been retained in this Pari, by an oversight, possibly the clerk considered that
he had succeeded automatically to the position of his elder br. V.G.
78
BEDFORD
Juliana, both abovenamed. He was b. 20 Dec. 1572. Engaging in the
Insurrection of the Earl of Essex, Feb. 1 600/1, he was fined ^^ 1 0,000, and
imprisoned, but soon released-^*) Custos Rot. Devon, 1603-19. He
m., 12 Dec. 1594, at Stepney, Midx., Lucy, da. of John (Harington),
Lord Harington of Exton, by Ann, da. and h. of Robert Kelway, of
Minster Lovel, Oxon (bringing him ^T 10,000 and that estate). He d. s.p.s.y
at Moor Park, Herts, 3, and was bur. 11 May 1627, at Chenies, aged 54.
Admon. 8 May 1627, to his widow, and again 4 July following. She,
who in 1 6 14 was coh. to her br. John, 2nd Lord Harington, was a
patroness of literature. She d. 26 May 1627, at Moor Park, and was bur.
at Exton afsd. Admon. 4 July 1627.
VI. 1627. 4. Francis (Russell), Earl of Bedford, (^c, cousin
and h. male. He was also BARON RUSSELL OF
THORNHAUGH, co. Northampton, being only s. and h. of William,
Lord Russell of Thornhaugh (so cr. 21 July 1603), by Elizabeth, da.
and h. of Henry Long, which William was 4th and yst. s. of the 2nd Earl
of Bedford by his ist wife. He was b. 1 593, attended his father in Ireland,
when a youth, was knighted 30 Mar. 1607, and sue. to his father's Peerage
9 Aug. 1 61 3. Custos Rot. 1 61 9, and Lord Lieut, of Devon, 1623, both till
his death. In 1630 he undertook the great work of draining the fens in
the counties of Northampton, Cambridge, Huntingdon, Norfolk and
Lincoln, called from him " the Bedford level." He is said to have been
Grand Master of Freemasons 1635-36. Though of the popular party, his
moderation was such that he had undertaken to preserve Lord Strafford's
life. He was one of the 1 6 " popular " noblemen, named by the King,
Sep. 1640, to treat with the Scots at Ripon.C") P.C. 19 Feb. 1641; the
King also had resolved to make him Lord High Treasurer, but his pre-
mature death prevented the accomplishment thereof. He w., (settlement
dat. 22 Feb.) 26 Feb. 1608/9, ^^ St. Mary le Strand, Catharine, da. and
coh. of Giles (Brydges), 3rd Baron Chandos of Sudeley, by Frances, da.
of Edward (Clinton), Earl of Lincoln. He d. 9 May 1641,0 of the
small-pox, and was bur. at Chenies, aged about 48. C) Will dat. 14 Oct.
(*) See note suh Robert, Earl of Essex [1576].
C") For a list of these see note sub Robert, Earl of Essex (1604-46).
if) He was a student, and a friend of the literary men of his age. " One of the
earnest ones for the defence of the liberties." (Mead to Stuteville, 27 May 1628).
Clarendon calls him "a wise man and of too great and plentiful a fortune to wish a
subversion of the government . . . but not incapable, for want of resolution, of being
carried into violent courses." V.G.
(^) This is a remarkable instance of the death of an individual having a determ-
ining influence on the course of political events; for it destroyed the chance of a
junction of the moderate parliamentarians with the King's party. Otlier instances
that may be given are: — (i) The historic case of Queen Anne in 17 14, which
everybody notices. (2) That of Rockingham in 1782, which resulted in the break up
of the Whig party. (3) That of Castlereagh in 1822, which stopped Canning sailing
for India, and brought him back to the home Government. (4) That of Huskisson
in 1830, which spoilt the prospect of a reconciliation between the Canningites and
BEDFORD 79
1639, pr. 8 Feb. 1642. His widow d. 29 Jan., and was bur. 16 Feb.
1656/7, with him. M.I.(^)
VII. 1 641. 5 and I. William (Russell), Earl of Bedford, ^c,
nilKFnOM ^' ^"*^ ^■' ^' ^'^°' ^^^^- ^•^- " ^^^- 1626, at the coron-
ation of Charles I. He was M.P. for Tavistock 1640-41
IV. 1694. (both Short and Long Paris.), and on 24 Apr. 1641, was
one of the 24 Commoners who conferred with the Lords
as to a petition of grievances. On 14 July 1642, being then a Peer, he
accepted the command as Gtw. of the Horse in the Parliamentary servicejC")
with which he did great execution at Edgehill, 23 Oct. 1 642. He was Lord
Lieut, of Devon and Somerset, 1642, on the nomination of the Pari. In
1643, however, having, with the Earls of Holland and of Clare, endeavoured
to mediate between the King and the Pari., he joined the former at Oxford,
and fought on the Royal side at the first battle of Newbury, 20 Sep. 1643.
After this date he never sat in the House of Lords till 25 Apr. 1660,
when he took an active part in effecting the Restoration. ("=) On 15 Oct.
1643 he was received as a Fellow Commoner at Wadham Coll. Oxford.
At the coronation, on 23 Apr. 1661, he carried the sceptre of St. Edward.
El. and inv. K.G. 29 May, and inst. 3 June 1672. Joint Com. for the
office of Earl Marshal, 1673. At the coronation, 1 1 Apr. 1689, he carried
Queen Mary's sceptre. P.C. 14 Feb. 1688/9. Lord Lieut, of cos. Bedford
and Cambridge, from 1689, and of Middlesex from 1692, till his death.
Recorder of Cambridge, 1689. On 1 1 May 1694 he was cr. MARQUESS
OF TAVISTOCK and DUKE OF BEDFORD— the preamble to the
patent setting forth "that he was father to the Lord Russell, the ornament
of his age, whose great merit it was not enough to transmit by history to
posterity, &'c."('*) On 13 June 1695, in consequence of the marriage
the Duke of Wellington. (5) That of Lord Lansdowne in 1866, which stopped the
negociation then in progress between Lord Derby and the Adullamite Whigs, which,
if carried through, would have prevented the Tory democratic Reform Bill of 1867-8.
(6) Possibly also that of Peel in 1 850, who, with his following, had just voted with
the main body of the Conservatives on the " Don Pacifico" motion against Palmerston.
Indirectly, too, the death of George IV, by necessitating a general election in the
height of the excitement caused by the French Revolution of 1830, gave an impetus
to the Reform movement, and increased the parliamentary strength of the Whigs, {ex
inform, the Rev. A. B. Beaven). To which may be added (7) thatof King Edward VII,
of happy memory, in 1910. V.G.
(^) " 1652/3" is the date on the M.I. in Lipscomb's Bucks, vol. iii, p. 259, but
" 1657 " '^ correctly given in Wiffen's House of Russell, and in the burial entry as
given in Lipscomb. The date in the Register is " 1656," i.e. 1656/7.
(*) For a list of peers and eldest sons of peers who were among the " Command-
ers or Captains of Companies in the Armies of the Commonwealth," see vol. iv,
Appendix B.
(■=) In his later years he was a steady supporter of the Whigs in the House of
Lords. V.G.
C^) See Collins, vol. i, p. 288. This was the 7th of the nine Dukedoms cr. by
William III within six years. See note sul> John, Earl of Clare [1689].
8o BEDFORD
of his grandson and h. ap., Wriothesley Russell, with the da. and h. of
John Rowland, he was cr. BARON HOWLAND OF STREATHAM,
Surrey, with rem. to his (said) grandson, and the heirs male of his body,
begotten on the body of Elizabeth Howland. He m., 1 1 July 1637, at St.
Benet's, Paul's Wharf, London, Anne, da. and sole h. of Robert (Carr),
Earl of Somerset, by Frances, the divorced Countess of Essex, da. of
Thomas (Howard), Earl of Suffolk.. She, who was b. 9, and bap. at St.
Martin's, Ludgate, 16 Dec. 161 5 (when her mother was a prisoner in the
Tower of London), had a fortune of ;^ 12,000 (the sum demanded by her
husband's father, who was much opposed to the match). She d. at Woburn,
10, and was bur. 16 May 1684, at Chenies, aged 64. He d. at Bedford
House, Strand, 7, and was bur. ij Sep. 1700, at Chenies, aged 84.^') M.L
Will pr. May 1701.
[Francis Russell, styled Lord Russell, s. and h. ap., b. 1638. Ed.
at Cambridge. " He was of a melancholy disposition, which by ten years'
travel (1657-67) he sought to dispel." He d. unm., v.p.y 14, and was bur.
21 Jan. 1677/8, at Chenies, aged 41.]
[William Russell, styled Lord Russell, 2nd, but ist surv. s. and h.,
b. 29 Sep. 1639. Ed., with his brother, at Cambridge. M.P. for Tavis-
tock, 1660-61 and 1661-79; and for Beds 1679-81. P.C. 22 Apr. 1679
to 31 Jan. 1679/80, when he, with Lord Cavendish and others, withdrew
from the council board by leave of the King "with all his heart." He,
who was leader of the "Country" (or Whig) party in the House of Com-
mons, spoke vehemently in favour of the bill for the exclusion of James
(afterwards James II) from the throne, carrying it up to the House of Lords
on 15 Nov. 1680. He had previously presented at the King's Bench (on
16 June) the said James, Duke of York, as "a recusant." In 1683 he
was accused of being concerned in the Rye House plot, and brought to
trial at the Old Bailey on 13 July, as having been present in a conspiracy
of high treason. He was found guilty, condemned to death, attainted and
executed in Lincoln's Inn Fields. The transaction is a matter of history.
Much eulogy was bestowed on him after the Revolution, though his conduct
seems, when fairly weighed, to have been more than questionable. C") He
if) Thomas, Earl of Ailesbury, in his Memoirs, speaks of him as " a graceful old
nobleman, and his outside was all. . . . He kept a good house for eating amongst them-
selves, but no hospitality. . . . He went to the Parish [Church] on Sunday Morning,
but had a Presbyterian Chaplain." Vandyck painted a fine portrait of him and
George Digby, Earl of Bristol, which has been several times engraved. V.G.
('') Macaulay, no unfriendly critic of Protestant Whig statesmen, admits that he
" did not scruple to concert with a foreign mission schemes for embarrassing his
sovereign." It is calculated to lessen sympathy with "this ornament of his age,"
and idol of the Whigs, when it is remembered that he violently opposed the King's
remitting, and affected to doubt his power to remit, that portion of the penalty
for high treason which involved disembowelling alive, in the case of the aged Lord
Strafford, whose crime was the being a Roman Catholic. Charles II showed more
mercy when "the wheel came full circle," than this since canonised ruffian had been
BEDFORD 8i
m. (Lie. at Fac. off., 31 July 1669, to marry at Titchfield, Hants), Rachel,
widow of Francis Vaughan, styled Lord Vaughan, 2nd da. and eventually
coh. of Thomas (Wriothesley), Earl of Southampton, by his ist wife,
Rachel, da. of Daniel de Massue, Seigneur de Ruvigny. He d. as afsd.,
v.p., 21 July, and was bur. 2 Aug. 1683, at Chenies, aged 43. By Act
passed 16 IVIar. 1688/9, his attainder was made void. His widow, who is
well-known for her efforts exerted at and after her husband's trial, d. at
Southampton (afterwards called Bedford) House,(^) Bloomsbury, 29 Sep.,
and was bur. 8 Oct. 1723, at Chenies, aged 86.('')]
DUKEDOM.
V.
EARLDOM
VIIL
2 and 6. Wriothesley (Russell), Duke of
Bedford, i^c, grandson and h., being only s.
1 700 ^^'^ ^' °^ William, styled Lord Russell, and
' ■ Rachel his wife abovenamed. He was b. i Nov.
1680, at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields, and bap.
there. Styled Marquess of Tavistock after
i694.('=) Matric. at Oxford (Magd. Coll.),
13 May 1696; Gent, of the Bedchamber, 1701 to 1702; Lord Lieut, of cos.
Bedford, Cambridge and Middlesex, 1701 till his death. On 23 Apr. 1702,
at the coronation of Queen Anne, he was Lord High Constable for that
occasion; elected K.G. 14 Mar. 1701/2, and inst. 13 Mar. 1702/3. He
was a Whig in politics. He »;., when under age, 23 May 1 695, in the chapel
of the Manor House at Streatham, Surrey, Elizabeth,('^) only da. and h.
of John Howland, of Streatham(^) afsd., by Elizabeth, da. of Sir Josiah
Child, Bart., of Wanstead, Essex. In honour of this match his grandfather
was cr. Baron Howland as afsd. He d. of the small-pox, 26, and was bur.
30 May 17 II, at Chenies, aged 30.(*) Will pr. Aug. 171 1. His widow
willing to extend to the victim of a pretended plot which he and his political friends,
with the aid of Titus Gates, exploited in their party's interest. V.G.
P The manors of Bloomsbury and of St. Giles's-in-the-Fields, both of which
had since the reign of James I belonged to the Wriothesley family, descended, on the
death of the last Earl of Southampton in 1678, to his da. Rachel, Lady Russell. At
her decease, in 1723, Southampton House, Bloomsbury (which is not to be confounded
with Southampton House, Holborn, which also she inherited), became the residence of
the Dukes of Bedford (who changed its name to " Bedford House ") and so continued
till pulled down, in 1700, to make room for Bedford Place, Russell Square, iffc.
This house occupied the whole of the north side of Bloomsbury Square.
('') "There is a curious picture of R., Lady R., [at Woburn] in her widowhood
and old age — rather fat and plain — with all the widow's dress of the day, like a thick
night-cap round her face, and a black veil over it. The picture of her when young
is handsome." (Lady Waterford, i Dec. 1883). V.G.
if) This appears to be the first case in which a courtesy title of peerage was used
by the grandson and h. ap. of a Duke, Marquess; or Earl. See note on Robert
Shirley, Viscount Tamworth, sub Robert, Earl Ferrers [1711].
(^) "They both making but 28 years. She will be worth the best part of
;(^I00,000." (Luttrell's Diary). V.G.
(') The property at Streatham was sold by the Russell family about 1811.
(*) He is stated by Luttrell {Diary) to have been at his accession " the richest
12
82 BEDFORD
d. 29 July 1724, also of the small-pox, at Streatham afsd., and was bur.
at Chenies, aged 42. Will pr. Aug. 1724.
[William Russell, styled Marquess of Tavistock, ist s. and h. ap.,
b. 13 Aug. 1703. He d. an infant, and was bur. 27 Dec. 1703, at
Chenies.]
[William Russell, styled Marquess of Tavistock, 2nd, but ist surv.
s. and h. ap. He d. an infant, and was bur. 17 May 1707, at Chenies.]
3 and 7. Wriothesley (Russell), Duke of
Bedford, ^c, 3rd, but ist surv. s. and h. He
was i". 25 May, and bap. 15 June 1708, at
Streatham, and sue. to the title when 3 years old.
In politics he was an anti-Walpole Whig. He
m.y 22 Apr. 1725, at Ashridge, Bucks, Anne,
da. of Scrope (Egerton), Duke of Bridg-
water, by his 1st wife, Elizabeth, 3rd da. and coh. of John (Churchill),
the famous Duke of Marlborough. Having gone abroad for his health,
he d. s.p., at Corunna, in Spain, 23 Oct., and was bur. 14 Dec. 1732, at
Chenies, aged 24. Will pr. Dec. 1732. His widow m., 23 June 1733,
at St. James's, Westm., William (Villiers), Earl of Jersey, who d.
28 Aug. 1769. She d. 15, and was bur. 22 June 1762, at Middleton
Stoney, Oxon.
DUKEDOM
VI.
EARLDOM.
TX.
171 1.
DUKEDOM
VII.
EARLDOM.
X.
1732.
4 and 8. John (Russell), Duke of Bedford,
fife, br. and h., b. 30 Sep., and bap. 20 Oct.
1 7 10, at Streatham, Surrey. F.R.S. 11 Mar.
1 741/2. He was first Lord of the Admiralty,
Dec. 1744 to Feb. 1747/8; P.C, 27 Dec. 1744;
one of the Lords Justices of the Realm, May to
Aug. 1745; Lord Lieut, of Beds, from 28 May
1745, and of Devon from 13 Apr. 1751, till his death. Elder brother of the
Trin. House 1 745 till his death, and Master thereof 1756-60, and 1764-68.
Col. 1745; Major Gen. 1755; Lieut. Gen. 1759. Warden of the New
Forest from 12 Feb. 1745/6, and Pres. of the Foundling Hospital from 1747,
till his death. One of the principal Secretaries of State (Southern departm.)
13 Feb. 1747/8 to June 1751; elected and inv. K.G. 22 June 1749, inst.
12 July 1750. From 15 Dec. 1756 to Mar. 1761, he was Lord Lieut.
OF Ireland; on 22 Sep. 1761 he acted as Lord High Constable at the
coronation of George III; from 25 Nov. 1761 to 22 Apr. 1763 he was
Lord Privy Seal. Ambassador to France 4 Sep. 1762 to June 1763;
Lord President of the Council 2 Nov. 1763 to July 1765; Chancellor
of the Univ. of Dublin, 1765 till his death. He w., istly, 11 Oct. 173 1,
Diana (with ^30,000 down, and ^^ 100,000 on the death of Sarah, Duchess
of Marlborough), yst. da. of Charles (Spencer), 3rd Earl of Sunderland,
peer in England, worth upwards of ^^30,000 p.a. and in a few years will have
^45,000 /.«." V.G.
BEDFORD 83
by Anne, 2nd da. and coh. of John (Churchill), the famous Duk.e of Marl-
borough. She d. s.p.s., of consumption, at Southampton House, 27 Sep.,
and was bto: 9 Oct. 1735, ^^ Chenies afsd., aged 25. Admon. 28 June
1750 (penalty of ^^500). He m., 2ndly, 2 Apr. 1737, Gertrude, ist da.
of John (Leveson-Gower), ist Earl Gower, by his ist wife, Evelyn, yst.
da. of Evelyn (Pierrepont), Duke of Kingston. He d. at Bedford House,
Bloomsbury, 14, and was bur. 30 Jan. 1771, at Chenies afsd., aged 6o.(^)
Will pr. Feb. 1771. His widow d. i, and was bur. 7 July 1794, at Chenies,
aged 75. Will pr. July i794.('')
[John Russell, who, apparently, was entitled to be styled Marquess
(^) He entered political life as an anti-Walpole Whig, and later led that section of
the party known as the " Bedford Whigs " or " Bloomsbury gang " who were in favour
of the Stamp Act and the prosecution of Wilkes. He was one of the 5 peers who
protested (27 Feb. 1 769) against the Lords' reversal of the decision of the Scottish Court
in the famous Douglas cause (see note sub Archibald, Baron Douglas of Douglas
[i 790]), and the Editor is inclined to join in the protest of this small minority. Horace
Walpole's account of him is favourable, — " He was a man of inflexible honesty and
goodwill to his country: his great ceconomy was called avarice; if it was so, it was
blended with more generosity and goodness than that passion will commonly unite with.
His parts were certainly far from shining, and yet he spoke readily, and, upon trade,
well: his foible was speaking upon every subject, and imagining he understood it, as he
must have done, by inspiration. He was always governed; generally by the duchess,
though unmeasurably obstinate, when once he had formed or had an opinion instilled
into him. ... If he could have thought less well of himself, the world would probably
have thought better of him." {^Memoirs of George the Second, edit. 1822, vol. i,
p. 162). Another contemporary calls him "violent, harsh and fearless." A note to
a Letter of Junius, 23 Sep. 1769, runs as follows: — "Mr. Heston Humphrey, a
country attorney, horse-whipped the Duke with equal justice, severity and perseverance
on the Course at Litchfield. This gave rise to the following story. When the
late King heard that Sir Edward Hawke had given the French a drubbing, he was
pleased to ask Lord Chesterfield the meaning of the word. ' Sir,' says Lord C, 'here
comes the Duke of Bedford, who is better able to explain it to your Majesty than I
am.'" Lord Charlemont, in his Memoirs, says, "he was a man of excellent parts,
though deficient in common sense, in the highest degree passionate, but perfectly
goodnatured." Of his 2nd wife, " the most artful and dangerous of women," Lord
C. is "almost afraid to speak." Mrs. Delany writes of her in Nov. 1759, when at
Dublin Castle, as looking " as yellow as a kite's foot, and very stately in her drawing
room, though at other times very condescending, and will go to anybody that will give
her cards or supper." In the Royal Register, vol. ii, pp. 85-99, '^*^ '^ described as
" haughty, imperious and insolent in his general demeanour, hasty in forming his
resolutions, and generally injudicious in the execution of them. He possessed very
exalted ideas of his rank, and no very humble ones of his abilities. . . . The great object
of his life was popularity; and he never obtained it for an hour. . . . He ever acted
upon some principles which he thought right at -the time, and so far at least he was
an honest man in not sacrificing his opinions to gratify his wishes." V.G.
C') She is described as extremely stingy and avaricious, in a scandalous book,
The Whig Club, 1794, pp. 63-67. In the same work the same disposition is ascribed
to the Duke, her grandson, who is further said to be one of the best whist players in
England and devoted to the turf. V.G.
84
BEDFORD
VIII.
EARLDOM
XI.
OF Tavistock, s. and h. ap. by ist wife, b. and d. 6, was bur.(f) ii Nov.
1732, at Chenies afsd.]
[Francis Russell, styled Marquess of Tavistock, 2nd, but ist surv.
s. and h. ap. (being the only son) by 2nd wife, b. 27 Sep., and bap. 25 Oct.
1739, at St. George's, Bloomsbury. M.P. (Whig) for Armagh, in the
Pari. [I.] 1759-60, and for Beds, 1761-67. He m., 8 June 1764, at Wo-
burn Abbey, Beds, Elizabeth, 6th da. of William Anne (Keppel), 2nd Earl
OF Albemarle.C') He d., in consequence of a fall from his horse, v.p.,
22, and was bur. 29 Mar. 1767, at Chenies, aged 27. Admon. 2 May
1767, 10 Apr. 1770, 19 Mar. i77i,and Aug. 1842. His widow, who was
b. i^ Nov. 1739, d. of consumption, at Lisbon, 2 Nov., and was ^«r. 13 Dec.
1768, at Chenies, aged 28. Admon. 10 Apr. 1770.]
DUKEDOM. 1 5 and 9. Francis (Russell), Duke of Bed-
ford, ^fc, grandson and h., being s. and h. of
Francis Russell, styled Marquess of Tavistock,
' ' ' and Elizabeth, his wife, abovenamed. He was b.
23 July, and bap. 20 Aug. 1765, at St. Giles's-
in-the-Fields, Midx. Ed. at Westm. school.('=)
On 5 Dec. 1787 he took his seat in the House
of Lords. The career of this nobleman, as a Whig politician, is well
known, as well as the eulogium of Fox thereon. ('^) He d. unm., at Woburn
Abbey (after a fortnight's illness), from a too long delayed operation for
hernia, 2, and was bur. 10 Mar. 1802, at Chenies, aged 36. (^) Will dat.
27 Feb., pr. 5 Mar. 1802, by his br., John, the universal legatee.
(") His burial is entered as "John, son of John, Lord Russell" {i.e. son of Lord
John Russell) which last John was then (though the news of the death of the former
Duke, at Corunna, had not yet reached England) Duke of Bedford.
(*>) In 1758 " A modest, but plain lad." (Horace Walpoie, George III). V.G.
C^) " The Duke of Bedford I must own surprised me by his figure beyond
measure; his long, lank black hair, covering his face, shoulders, back, neck, and
everything disguised so that I have yet to know his figure; I can but guess at his
person. Why this singularity at i 7 years of age ? . . . Sa figure n'est pas laide."
(George Selwyn to Lord Carlisle). V.G.
{^) See Collins, vol. i, p. 298. The Duke is mentioned several times in The
Anti-Jacobin, e.g. in the " New Morality " he is the " Leviathan " —
"Thou in whose nose by Burke's gigantic hand
The hook was fixed to drag thee to the land,"
alluding to Burke's famous "Letter to a Noble Lord, 1796" written in a strain of
eloquent but bitter invective, seldom, if ever, surpassed. See also (in Edmonds' edit.,
1854) Gillray's clever engraving of " The Republican Rattlesnake [Fox] fascinating
the Bedford Squirrel." Another poem in The Anti-Jacobin (p. 41) styled "The Duke
and the Taxing Man " narrates how this Duke tried, without success, to escape the
assessed tax on his servants on the plea that —
" These varlets twenty-five were ne'er
Liveried in white and red."
(') In Modern Society, 7 Dec. 1 889, appeared a letter signed A.H.G., positively
alleging that this Duke m., about 1750 ["V] in Switzerland, under the name of John
BEDFORD
85
DUKEDOM.
IX.
EARLDOM
XII.
1802.
6 and 10. John (Russell), Duke of Bed-
ford, <yc., br. and h., b. 6 July, and bap. 2 Aug.
1766, at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields, Midx. En-
sign, 3rd Foot Guards, 1783-85. Recorder of
Bedford; M. P. (advanced Whig) for Tavistock,
1788-90, and 1790-1802; took his seat in the
House of Lords 9 Dec. 1802; Lord Lieut.
OF Ireland, 1806-07; P-C- 12 Feb. 1806; F.S.A. 22 June 1809; LL.D.
Cambridge; K.G. 25 Nov. 1830. He ;«., istly, 21 Mar. 1786, at Brussels,
and again on 17 Apr. following, at Streatham, Surrey, Georgiana Elizabeth,
2nd da. of George (Byng), 4th Viscount Torrington, by Lucy, only da.
of John (Bovle), 5th Earl of Cork. [I.]. She d. at Bath, 11 Oct. 1801,
and was bur. at Chenies. He wz., 2ndly, 23 June 1803, (spec, lie.) at Fife
House, Whitehall, in St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, Midx., Georgiana, 5th
and yst. da. of Alexander (Gordon), 4th Duke of Gordon [S.], by his
1st wife, Jane, da. of Sir William Maxwell, of Monreith, 3rd Bart. [S.].
He d. at the Doune of Rothiemurchus, co. Perth, 20 Oct., and was bur.
1 6 Nov. 1839, at Chenies, aged 73. Will pr. June 1 840 under ^^250,000.^
His widow, who was b. 18 July 1781, at Gordon Castle, and who in 1836
was coh. to her br. George, the 5th Duke of Gordon [S.], d. 24 Feb. 1853,
at Nice, and was bur. there, aged 71. Will pr. May 1853.
7 and 1 1. Francis (Russell), Duke of Bed-
ford, fife, 1st s. and h. by ist wife. He was b.
13 May 1788, in Pall Mall, and bap. at St.
James's, Westm. Ed. at Westm. school, and at
Trin. Coll. Cambridge. M.A., 1808. M.P.
(Whig) for Peterborough, 1809-12, and for
Beds, 1812-32. He was sum. to the House of
Lords, v.p., 15 Jan. 1833, in his father's Barony (HOWLAND OF
Gotobed, and had a son, who bore that name, whom he is said to have had educated
at Oxford, and to whom he presented a large estate at Welney, co. Cambridge. The
marriage date 1 750, given above, being some 1 5 years before this Duke was born, is of
course wildly wrong, even if there were otherwise any foundation for the tale. In
1784 he appears, "The Bloomsbury Youth and Miss St-v-ns-n " [i.e. Stevenson] in
the tete-a-tete portraits in Town and Country Mag., vol. xvi, p. 9. See Appendix B
in the last volume. As to his character for stinginess, see p. 83, note "b." Had he lived
his extravagance would probably have ruined the family; as it was it compelled the
sale of what would now be the enormously valuable Streatham property, as also of the
Stratton estate (to the Baring family), which came to the Bedfords through Rachel,
wife of William, styled Lord Russell. V.G.
(^) " A more uninteresting weak minded selfish character does not exist than the
D. of Bedford. He is a good natured plausible man without enemies, and really
(though he does not think so) without friends. . . . He is affable, bland, and of easy
intercourse, making rather a favourable impression on superficial observers." [GrevilU
Memoirs, and part, vol. i, p. 239). He had a very large family, who were devoted to
him; he would never economise or reduce his expenditure, leaving that task for his
successor. He was the last Duke of Bedford to exercise the peculiar jurisdiction
DUKEDOM
X.
EARLDOM.
XIIL
1839.
86
BEDFORD
STREATHAM) by writ directed to him as " Francis Russell of Streatham^
CO. Surrey, Chevalier," and was placed in the precedency (1695) of the
Barony of '•'■ Howland of Streatham, co. Surrey."(*) P.C. 6 July 1846.
K.G. 26 Mar. 1847. Lord Lieut, of Beds, 1859 till his death. He w.,
8 Aug. 1808, at Harrington House, St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, Midx.,
Anna Maria, ist da. of Charles (Stanhope), 3rd Earl of Harrington, by
Jane, da. and coh. of Sir John Fleming, Bart. She, who was b. 3 Sep.
1783, was a Lady of the Bedchamber 1837-41, and was chief mourner at
the funeral of H.R.H. Princess Augusta Sophia. She d. 3 July 1857, in
Belgrave Sq., and was bur. at Chenies. He d. at Woburn Abbey, 14, and
was bur. 22 May 1861, at Chenies, aged 73. Personalty under ^^60,000.
DUKEDOM.
XI.
8 and 12. William (Russell), Duke of
Bedford, CsPc, only child and h., b. i July
o^ 1809, in Grosvenor Sq., and bap. at St. Geo.,
EARI DOM ' ^^"- ^1- ^^- ^^ Eton; matric. at Oxford (Ch.
Ch.) 10 May 1827. M.P. (Liberal) for Tavis-
XIV. tock, 1832-41. He d. unm., 27 May 1872,
suddenly, in the front hall at 6 Belgrave Sq.,
and was bur. at Chenies, aged 62. Personalty under ^600,000. C")
DUKEDOM.
XII.
EARLDOM
XV.
1872.
9 and 13. Francis Charles Hastings (Rus-
sell), Duke of Bedford, fsfc., ist cousin and h.,
being s. and h. of Major Gen. Lord George
William Russell, G.C.B., Envoy at Berlin (by
Elizabeth Anne, only da. and h. of the Hon.
John Theophilus Rawdon, br. to Francis, ist
Marquess of Hastings), which Lord George
was next br. of Francis, Duke of Bedford next abovenamed. He was b.
conferred by Henry VIII on the Earl of Bedford and his successors at the dissolution of
the Abbey of WoJDurn, under which for the purpose of issuing marriage licences, etc.,
they stood in the place of the Abbot; very shortly before all such rights were
abolishf^d by Lord Melbourne, in the Pluralities Act, one of the Duke's own sons,
Lord Charles, was m. at Woburn by his licence in 1834. V.G.
(*) " Upon the introduction of this Peer the Lord Speaker signified to the House
that his Majesty had been pleased to issue his Writ summoning Francis Russell, Esq.,
to sit in his father's said Barony of Howland; and the immediate production of the
Writ and sitting of the Peer obviated all doubt as to the Barony specified by the Writ.
There can be but little question, however, that the Writ should have been directed to
Francis Russell of Howland, by which title he sat in the House. A similar mistake
had occurred in 17 17, in the case of Charles Pawlet, Esq., eldest son of the Duke of
Bolton, who was summoned as of '■Basing,^ instead [as] of ' 5^ John'' (of Basing);
this error was then considered to have cr. a new dignity." {Courthope, p. 259). See
note sub Charles (Pawlet), Duke of Bolton [1722]. For a list of eldest sons of
peers sum. v.p., in one of their father's baronies, see vol. i, Appendix G.
C") During the latter years of his life he was a complete recluse, never leaving
his London house except to drive in a carriage with wooden shutters. The enormous
increase in his personalty (during 1 1 years) over that left by his father was due to the
BEDFORD
87
16 Oct. 1 8 19, and bap. 20 July 1820, in Curzon Str., and reg. at St. Geo.,
Han. Sq., and at Woburn. Entered the army (Scots Fusilier Guards),
1838, but retired 1844; M.P. (Liberal)^ for Beds, 1847-72; K.G. i Dec!
i88o;('') Pres. of the Roy. Agric. Soc. 1880. Lord Lieut, of co. Hunts,
1884 till his death. He m., 18 Jan. 1844, at Buckhurst Park, Withyam^
Sussex, Elizabeth, ist da. of George John (Sackville-West), 5th Earl de
LA Warr, by Elizabeth, suo jure Baroness Buckhurst. He d. 14 Jan.
1 89 1, at 81 Eaton Sq., aged 71, having shot himself while temporarily
insane, during pneumonia. Personalty ;^2 12,292 net. His widow, who
was b. 23 Sep. 1818, and bap. at Bourne, co. Cambridge, was one of Queen
Victoria's bridesmaids, and Mistress of the Robes to the Queen,('=) 1880-83;
Extra Lady of the Bedchamber, 1883. V.A., 3rd class. !She d. suddenly'
22 Apr. 1897, at Latimer House, Chesham, aged 78. She and her husband
were both cremated at Woking, their ashes being bur. at Chenies.
10 and 14. George William Francis Sack-
viLLE (Russell), Duke of Bedford, t^c, ist s.
i8qi ^""^ '^■' ^' '^^ Eaton Place West, 16 Apr., and
bap. 24 May 1852, at Knole, Kent; styled
Marquess of Tavistock, 1872-91; ed. at Bal-
liol Coll. Oxford; B.A., 1874; was M.P. (Lib-
eral) ('^) for Beds, 1875-85; Sheriff of Beds,
^ He m., 24 Oct. 1876, at the Royal Chapel, Whitehall, Adeline
Mary, 2nd and yst. surv. da. and coh. of Charles Somers (Somers-Cocks),
3rd Earl Somers, by Virginia, da. of James Pattle. He d. s.p., 23 Mar.
1893, suddenly, of diabetes, at 37 Chesham Place, aged 41, and was bur.
at Chenies. Admon. ;C3395io2 gross and ;^32i,35i net. His widow,
who was b. 24 May 1852, living 19 10.
11 and 15. Herbrand Arthur (Russell),
Duke of Bedford [1694], Marquess of
Tavistock [1694], Earl of Bedford [1550],
Baron Russell [1539], Baron Russell of
Thornhaugh [1603], and Baron Howland of
Streatham [1695], only br. and h., b. 19 Feb.
1858, in Eaton Place West; sty/ed Lord Her-
DUKEDOM.
XIIL
EARLDOM.
XVL
1889.
DUKEDOM.
XIV.
EARLDOM.
XVIL
1893-
falling in of the Bloomsbury leases. The big white stone house, Thorney House,
opposite the broad walk in Kensington Gardens, was built by him for his mistress: it
has recently (1910) been pulled down and converted into flats. V.G.
(=■) In 1886 he remained an Unionist, thereby becoming separated from his
party. On the Home Rule question he wrote in 1890, "Mr. Gladstone thought for
me politicaHy for many years, but his sudden vertiginous gyrations made me" think
for myself." About time, seeing that he was aged 67 in 1886. V.G.
(•>) He was the 8th Earl (six of whom had also been Dukes) of Bedford of his
family so honoured. See Appendix B in this volume, for some remarks on the
number of K.G.'s conferred on members of Peerages still extant.
(') See note sub Manchester for a list of these Ladies.
('^) He remained an Unionist in 1886. V.G.
88 BEDFORD
BRAND Russell, 1872-93; matric. at Oxford (Balliol Coll.), 24 Jan. 1877;
sometime an officer in the Gren. Guards; served in the Egyptian campaign,
1882; A.D.C. to the Viceroy of India, 1885-86. Lord Lieut, of Middlesex
1898; President of the Zoological Soc. 1899; F.S.A. 14 Mar. 1901; K.G.
30 May 1902; Trustee of the Brit. Museum 1906; F.R.S. 1908; Militia
A.D.C. to the King 1908. In politics he is a Liberal Unionist. He m.,
2,1 Jan. 1888, Mary du Caurroy, 2nd da. of the Ven. Walter Harry
Tribe, Archdeacon of Lahore, by ( — ), da. of Admiral Sir Henry Ducie
Chads, G.C.B.
[HastingsWilliam Sackville Russell, styled Marquess ofTavistock.
since 1893, only s. and h. ap., b. 21 Dec. 1888.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of about 32,300 acres in
Beds; 22,600 in Devon; 18,800 in co. Cambridge; 3,400 in co. North-
ants; 3,400 in Dorset; 3,000 in Bucks; 1,300 in Hunts; 1,200 in
Cornwall; 150 in Hants and 100 in Herts. Total about 86,300, valued
at about ;^ 142,000 a year. Note. — The large property in or near London
(not returned in the survey of 1873) is not included herein.Q Principal
Residence. — Woburn Abbey, Beds.
BEDFORD, BARONY OF. This was never a Peerage dignity,
but was assumed (together with the Baronies of Mowbray and Segrave)
by "William (Berkeley), Marquess of Berkeley, (so cr. 1488) who, in
right of his mother (Isabel Mowbray), was a co-representative of the
latter Baronies. According to Smyth's Berkeleys, vol. ii, p. 99, his style
{inter alia) was " Lord of Mowbray and Segrave and Baron of Bedford.'' Q')
The site of Bedford Castle, the chief seat of the family of Beauchamp as
to their Barony of Bedford, descended to the Marquess, (through the
marriage of Maud, eldest of the 3 daughters and coheirs of William de
Beauchamp, with Roger de Mowbray, of which Maud his Lordship was
but a fo-representative) and was by him alienated to Sir Reginald Bray,('=)
since which time the style of "Baron of Bedford " has never been adopted
by the Berkeley family.
BEERHAVEN see BEREHAVEN
(*) See vol. vi, Appendix H {area fineni), for some remarks on the Bedford
property as compared with that of holders of 100,000 acres and upwards.
(*") A practice arose among the early nobles of adopting the style of various baronies
to which they fancied they might be entitled and to which (in some cases) they were
actually w-hcirs. Such was the case in this instance, and, again, later on, in the same
family, when Henry, Lord Berkeley (i 534-1613) adopted the style of Lord Braose,
in addition to the already assumed titles of Lord Mowbray and Segrave, he being but
a fo-heir to any of those Baronies; so also many of the Earls of Oxford, 1 245-1 703,
adopted the style of '■'■ Lord Bolebec" and subsequently of '■^ Lord BadUsmere" i^c. See
vol. i, p. 373> "-^^«''^-"
("=) Lysons' Beds, pp. 10 and 46.
BEKE 89
BEKE
BARONY BY i. John Beke, s. and h. of Walter B., of Eresby, co.
WRIT. Lincoln, by Eve, niece of Walter de Grey, Archbishop
I i2QC('^'\ of York, ^. before 1230, had (1275-76) 4 Edw. I, lie.
/^■^ ^ ' to crenellate his manor house of Eresby, and was sum. to
Pari., 24 June, i Oct. and 2 Nov. (1295) 23 Edw. I, and
■^ ■*■■ 26 Aug. (1296) 24 Edw. I, by writs directed Johanni Bek,
whereby he may be held to have become LORD BEKE.C") By his will
dat. 18 July 1301, he directs his burial to be in the Abbey of Kirkstede.(°)
He d. s.p.m.s.,(^) 1303-04, when any Barony cr. by the writ of 1295 would
be held, by modern doctrine, to have fallen into abeyance.(')
BELAN
See " Aldborough of Belan, co. Kildare," Viscountcy [I.] (^StratforJ),
cr. 1776; extinct 1875.
BELASYSE OF WORLABY
BARONY. I . The Hon. John Belasyse, of Worlaby, co. Lincoln, 2nd
y f- s. of Thomas, ist Viscount Fauconberg, by Barbara, da. of
^•'' Sir Henry Cholmeley, of Whitby, co. York, was b. at New-
borough, 24 June, and i>ap. 24 July 16 14, at Coxwold, co. York, and ed. at
Cambridge Univ. M. P. for Thirsk 1640-42. Having raised 6 regiments
(') See as to this writ of 1295 the remarks in Courthope^ p. xxv.
(*") As to how far these early writs of summons did in fact create any Peerage
title, see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
{^) Of his two brothers (i) Thomas was Bishop of St. David's, 1280, but d. v.f.,
20 Apr. 1293, and (2) Anthony (the survivor) was Bishop of Durham, 1283, Patriarch
of Jerusalem, 1305, Founder of the Collegiate Church at Chester, ^c. He was one
of the greatest warriors of the day, and d. 3 Mar. 1310/1, seized of vast possessions
in divers counties.
(<*) Walter Bek and Joan his wife, apparently da. of Matthew Fitzjohn, were
living Oct. 1287. Isoult de Bek held lands in Norfolk in 1316. {Feudal Aids). For
some discussion on medijeval English names see vol. iii, Appendix C. V.G.
{^) His only s. and h. ap., Walter Beke, was living I Aug. 1 30 1, but d. v. p. and
s.p. soon after. See Coll. Top. et Gen., vol. iv, pp. 331-345, where is an elaborate
account of this family. The coheirs were his [i.e. John's) daughters (l) Alice, who
m. Sir William Willoughby, and was mother of Robert Willoughby, of Eresby, ium.
to Pari. 26 July 1313. Her representative Robert (Bertie), Earl of Lindsey,
temp. James II and Anne, as also his grandson, Peregrine, Duke of Ancaster, temp.
George II, styled themselves respectively [inter alia) " Baron of Willoughby, Beke et
Eresby." (2) Margaret, or Milisent, who m. Richard Harcourt of Stanton Harcourt,
Oxon, her representation soon devolving on the family of Astley, of Pateshull, co.
Stafford, and (3) Mary, who d. unm,
13
90 BELASYSE
at his own charge, he became one of the most distinguished commanders
on the Royalist side. He was present at the battles of Edgehill, Newbury,
Naseby, &€., and, during the Civil War, was Lieut. Gen. of the King's
forces in the counties of York, Nottingham, &'c., Governor of York, and
Newark, Gen. of the King's Horse Guards. On 27 Jan. 1 644/5 (^) he was
cr. BARON BELASYSE OF WORLABY, co. Lincoln. After the Resto-
ration he was Lord Lieut, of the East Riding 1660-73, Gov. of Hull
1661-73; Gen. of the Royal forces in Africa, and Gov. of Tangiers 1664-66;
Capt. of the Gent. Pensioners; Col. of a regt. of Foot 1673; P.C. 17 July
1686 till Feb. 1688/9. He was, under James II, first Lord Commissioner
of the Treasury 1687-88. With other Roman Catholic Peers C") he was
impeached, on the evidence of Titus Oates, and imprisoned from 1678 to
Feb. 1683/4, in the Tower, being released on bail of ^50,000, by James,
then Duke of York. He m., istly, 8 Mar. 1636, Jane, da. and sole h. of
Sir Robert Boteler, of Watton Woodhall, Herts, by Frances, da. of Sir
Drew Drury, of Halstead, Suffolk. She was tap. at Aston, Herts, 20 Jan.
1620/1. She d. before 12 Dec. 1657. He m., 2ndly, at St. Vedast's,
London (banns last pub. 24 July 1659, at St. Paul's, Covent Garden)
Anne, widow of Sir William Armyne or Airmine, Bart., da. and coh.
of Sir Robert Crane, Bart. [1626], of Chilton, Suffolk, by his 2nd
wife, Susan, da. of Sir Giles Alington. She d. s.p. 11, and was l>ur.
20 Aug. 1662, at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields. He m., 3rdly, Anne, da. of
John (Pawlet), 5th Marquess of Winchester, by his 2nd wife, Honora,
da. of Richard (de Burgh), Earl of Clanricarde [I.] and Earl of St.
Albans. He d. 10, and was l>ur. 14 Sep. 1689, at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields,
aged 75.('') M.I. there and at Worlaby. Will dat. 22 Apr. 1689, pr.
7 May 1690, and again 6 Dec. 1694. His widow was l>ur. 11 Sep. 1694,
at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields, Midx. Will dat. 16 July, pr. 18 Sep. 1694.
II. 1689 2. Henry (Belasyse), Baron Belasyse of Worlaby,
to grandson and h., being only s. and h. of Sir Henry
1 69 1. Belasyse, K.B., by his 2nd wife,('^) Susan, afterwards suo
iure Baroness Belasyse, da. and coh. of Sir William
Armyne or Airmine, Bart.,('') which Sir Henry Belasyse was s. and h. ap.
of the last Lord by his ist wife, and d. v.p. 1667. He m., before Sep.
1672, Anne, sister of George, 3rd Earl of Cardigan, da. of Francis
Brudenell, styled Lord Brudenell, by Frances, da. of James (Savile),
Earl of Sussex. He d. s.p., and was bur. 26 Aug. 1691, at St. Giles's-in-
the-Fields, when the Barony became extinct. Will dat. 1 1 May, pr. 1 3 Sep.
1 69 1. His widow w., about 8 Jan. 1692/3, Charles (Lennox), Duke
(^) This was one of the last three peerages cr. by Charles I that are entered on
the Patent Rolls. See note sub John, Baron Lucas [1645].
C") For a list of these see vol. i, p. 264, note "c."
1^) For an account of his estates in co. Lincoln and elsewhere, see a note by
Sir Joseph Williamson, circa 1667, in the Her. and Gen., vol, ii, p. 1 1 8.
{^) They were m. 20 Oct. 1662, at Kensington.
(') See Belasyse of Osgodby, Barony, below.
BELASYSE 91
OF Richmond (who d. 27 May 1723, aged 50), and d. 9, and was bur.
16 Dec. 1722, at Deene, Northants. Admon. i Dec. 1727.
BELASYSE OF OSGODBY
BARONY I. Susan Belasyse, da. and coh. of Sir "William Armyne
FOR LIFE. or Airmine, Bart., of Osgodby, co. Lincoln, by Anne, da.
T r and coh. of Sir Robert Crane, Bart., (which Anne w.,
2ndly, as his 2nd wife, John, Lord Belasyse, as abovesaid)
^° was cr., I Apr. 1674, BARONESS BELASYSE OF
'/*3- OSGODBY, CO. Lincoln, /or ///"^.(^) She w., istly, (Lie.
from Bp. of London, he aged 23, widr., she aged 18, spr.) 20 Oct. 1662,
at Kensington, Sir Henry Belasyse, K.B., (s. and h. ap. of John, Lord
Belasyse of Worlaby abovenamed). He d. v. p. (being killed in a duel
by a Mr. Porter), and was bur. 16 Aug. 1667, at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields.
Will dat. 6 Aug., pr. 26 Oct. 1667. She w., 2ndly,('') before 1684, James
Fortrey, of Chequers, who was aged 25 at the Her. Visit, of co. Cambridge
In 1684. She d. 6, and was bur. 13 Mar. I7i2/3,at Twickenham, Midx.,
at a good old age, when her life peerage became extinct. Will dat. 8 Sep.
1710, pr. II Mar. 1713.
BELFAST
See "Chichester of Belfast," Barony [I.] (^Chichester), cr. 1612;
extinct 1625.
(^) Among the statements of the persons who verified on oath the birth of the
young Prince, James Francis [b. 10 June 1688), which included that of the Queen
Dowager, and those of 40 ladies and gentlemen of high rank, 4 physicians, ^c,
" the evidence of the following Protestant Ladies, Isabella, Countess of Roscommon,
Anne, Countess of Arran, Anne, Countess of Sunderland, Lady Isabella Wentworth,
Lady Bellasys, and Mrs. Margaret Dawson was so positive, minute and consistent
with that of the Catholic ladies, that, if any real doubts had existed, it must have set
them at rest for ever." See Strickland's Livei of the Queens of England^ edit, 1852,
vol. vi, p. 247.
(*>) "The Duke [of York] was now [1673] looking for another wife. He
made addresses to the Lady Bellasis, the widow of the Lord Bellasis' son. She was
a zealous protestant though she was married into a popish family. She was a woman
of much life and vivacity, but of a very small proportion of beauty. . . . The King
sent for the Duke and told him it was too much that he had played the fool once:
that was not to be done a second time and at such an age. The lady was also so
threatened that she gave up the promise, but kept an_ attested copy of it as she herself
told me." (Burnet's History of his own Time, edit. 1833, vol. ii, pp. 15-16). It is
said the lady received the peerage for her forbearance. The picture as " St. Cathe-
rine " among the " Court Beauties " at Windsor Castle (probably by Huysman), is
generally supposed to be of her and not of Lady Byron. See Mrs. Jameson's Court
Beauties of the reign of Charles II; although, as may be seen above, Burnet thought
nothing of her looks. V.G.
92
BELFAST
i.e. "Chichester of Belfast," Barony [I.] (Chichester) see "Chi-
chester OF Carrickfergus," Viscountcy [I.], cr. 1625.
i.e. " Belfast," Earldom of [I.] (Chichesur), see " Donegall,'
Marquessate of [I.], cr. 1791.
BELFIELD
I. Robert Rochfort, of Gaulstown, co. West-
meath, was on 16 Mar. 1737/8, cr. BARON BEL-
FIELD of CO. Westmeath [I.], and on 5 Oct.
vicrr^TTXT-rrv rn i75i> 'f"- VISCOUNT BELFIELD of co. West-
VlbLUUWiLI L^-J meath. On 29 Nov. 1756 he was cr. EARL OF
BARONY [I.]
L 1738.
L 1751.
1756 ; extinct 18 14.
BELVIDERE of co. Westmeath [I.]. See fuller
account under "Belvidere," Earldom of [I.], cr.
BELFORD
i.e. " Graham of Belford, co. Northumberland," Barony {Graham),
see "Graham," Earldom, cr. 1722.
BELGRAVE
i.e. " Belgrave," Viscountcy {Grosvenor), see " Grosvenor," Earl-
dom, cr. 1784.
BELHAVEN
VISCOUNTCY [S.]
to
1639.
I. Sir Robert Douglas, of Spott, co. Haddington,
3rd s. of Malcolm D., of Mains, co. Dunbarton,
by ( — ), da. of John Cunningham, of Drumquhassil,
was Page of Honour and Master of the Horse to
Henry, Prince of Wales ; Gent, of the Bedchamber
to James I and Charles I, to which last he was Master of the Household
and P.C. ; was knighted at Whitehall 7 Feb. 1608/9, and was, on 24 June
1633, cr. VISCOUNT OF BELHAVEN co. Haddington [S.]. He w.,
12 Jan. 1610/1, at St. Mary Woolnoth, London, Nicola, ist da. of Robert
Moray, of Abercairney. She d. s.p.s., Nov. 1612, in childbed, and was
bur. in the Savoy Chapel, Midx. M.I.(^) He d. s.p.m., 14 Jan. 1638/9,
at Edinburgh, in his 66th year, and was bur. in the Abbey of Holyrood,
when the title became extinct. M.I. there.('')
(^) Copies of these inscriptions are in Douglas, vol. i, p. 200, and in Crawfurd,
p. 35. In Douglas also, is an account of the brave conduct of the Viscount in oppos-
BELHAVEN 93
BELHAVEN AND STENTON
BARONY [S.] I. John Hamilton, of BroomhIIl, and afterwards of
y . Beil, s. and h. of Sir James H., ist Bart. [S. i625],(^)
'^'' of Broomhill, by Margaret, ist da. of John Hamilton,
of Udston, was, for his loyalty to the King, cr. 15 Dec. 1647, LORD
BELHAVEN AND STENTON, co. Haddington [S.], with a spec, rem.,
failing heirs male of his body, to his heirs male whatsoever. He accom-
panied the force into England to attempt the rescue of the King in 1648,
escaping from the rout at Preston. App. P.C. [S.] 1 1 July, sworn 23 July
1663. Having no male issue, he surrendered his Peerage and received a
new grant thereof, 10 Feb. 1675, *° himself for life, with rem. to John
Hamilton (husband of one of his granddaughters) and the heirs male of
his body, whom failing to the nearest heirs male whatsoever of the said (last
mentioned) John. He m. Margaret, illegit. da. of James (Hamilton),
2nd Marquess of Hamilton [S.], by Anne, widow of John (Abernethy),
8th Lord Saltoun, da. of Walter (Stewart), ist Lord Blantyre-C") She
was living 24 Oct. 1666. He d. s.p.m.s.,(^) ij, and was l>ur. 20 June
1679, in Holyrood Abbey church. Funeral entry in Lyon office. ('^)
ing the Earl of Nithsdale's commission. There is a lie. from the Bp. of London,
2 Feb. 1635/6, for his da. Susan Douglas, aged 18, spr., to marry at St. Andrew's,
Holborn, " Robert Douglas, Esq.," aged 43, widower.
(*) This Sir James was great grandson of John H. of Broomhill, who was one
of the numerous bastards of James, ist Lord Hamilton [S.], and, consequently, an
illegit. br. of James, ist Earl of Arran [S.]. The said John H. was, however,
legitimated under the Great Seal [S.] 20 Jan. 15 12/3.
C') " Sir John Hamilton, Lord Belhaven, who had married the base daughter of
James, Marquess of Hamilton, begotten on Stewart, daughter to the Lord Blantyre,
and widow of the Lord Saltoun, miserably perished in the sinking sands of the Solway,
3 July 1652." (Balfour's Annals, vol. iv). The fact that this precise and detailed
statement of death by a contemporary Lyon King of Arms, backed up, as it is, by
Letters of Administration, should be demonstrably untrue, is enough to discredit the
evidence on which most of the statements in this and similar works rest. See an
article by Vicary Gibbs in The Genealogist, N.S.,vol. xx, p. 77, shewing the reason for
his pretended death and his re-appearance [in life] Jan. 1659. V.G.
if) His "one boy, a very hopeful youth and pretty scholar," d. about 1 66 1. V.G.
{^) This refers to the death of the first Lord Belhaven and Stenton, in spite of an
admon. dat. 11 Nov. 1656, of the goods of '■'■'John Hamilton, Lord Belhaven," of
St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, Midx., granted to the curator of Elizabeth Hamilton, da.
of deed., during her minority; Lady Margaret the relict renouncing. Notwithstanding
the cognizance thereof of the said Margaret (his wife) " the admon. appears to have
been granted on an erroneous impression that he was dead. The patent of 1675
(the regrant of the Peerage) is printed in full in the claim of the ninth Lord,
and the terms of it show clearly that the first Lord was then alive. He is therein
spoken of as formerly Sir John Hamilton of Beill; as being without living heirs male
of his body; the contract of his granddaughter and her husband John Hamilton is
alluded to; and, finally, the titles are regranted to this first named John, for life, then
to John Hamilton (afterwards 2nd Lord), husband of the granddaughter, ^c." (ex
94 BELHAVEN
II. 1679. 2. John (Hamilton), Lord Belhaven and Stenton
[S.], husband of the granddaughter {ex parte maternd) of
the grantee and heir, according to the spec. rem. in the regrant of the
Peerage in 1675.0 -^^ ^^^ ^- '^^'^ ^- °^ Robert Hamilton, (*■) of Press-
mennan (a Lord of Session, 1689, under the name of Lord Pressmennan),
by Marion Denholm. He was h. 5 July 1656. In 1696 he sue. his father
in the estate of Pressmennan. He promoted the accession of William III,
to whom, as well as to Queen Anne, he was P.C. [S.]. In Aug. 1704 he
was a Commissioner of the Treasury, but was soon removed, being a zealous
opponent of the Union. ('^) He was suspected (apparently without reason)
of favouring the attempted invasion of Scotland in 1708 by the Chevalier,
and was imprisoned in Edinburgh Castle. He m., in 1674, Margaret (to
whom he was indebted for his peerage), ist da. (but not coh.)('^) of Sir
Robert Hamilton, Bart. [S.], of Silverton-hill, by Anne, 2nd of the three
daughters ('') and coheirs of John (Hamilton), ist Lord Belhaven and
Stenton [S.] abovenamed. He d. 21 June 1708, directly after his release,
of inflammation of the brain, in his 52nd year.O
III. 1708. 3. John (Hamilton), Lord Belhaven and Stenton
[S.] s. and h. Lord of the Bedchamber (Whig) to
George, Prince of Wales, 17 14-21; Rep. Peer [S.] 171 5 till his death;
Commander of a troop of Horse at SherifFmuir, 13 Nov. 171 5. Governor
of Barbados, 1721, on the voyage whereto he and 240 more perished by
shipwreck near the Lizard. He m. Anne, da. of Andrew Bruce, of Edin-
burgh, merchant. She was bur. as "Mistress of Belhaven," 19 Aug. 1707,
inform. R. R. Stodart, sometime Lyon-Clerk Depute). The strange admon. of 1656
is explained by his having fled to England, leaving his cloak and hat on Solway Moss,
his wife, accordingly, giving out that he was drowned, and going into mourning.
He remained, working as a gardener, for 6 years. See " Domestic Annals in Scot-
land" in Gent. Mag. for July 1 84 1, p. 41.
(") See pedigree on page 95.
C") This Robert was 2nd s. of James Hamilton, of Barncleuth, co. Lanark, who
was s. of John H., of Udston, the br. of Margaret, mother of the ist Lord Belhaven
and Stenton [S.]. He was descended in the male line from Sir John H., of Cadzow,
grandfather of James, cr. Lord Hamilton [S.] 1445.
if) His remark at the last sitting of the Scottish Pari., "So there's an end of an
auld sang " is still remembered. " Of a good stature, well set, of a healthy constitu-
tion, black complexion, and graceful, manly presence; had a quick conception, with
a ready and masculine expression, and was steady in his principles both in politics and
religion." (Boyer's Queen Anne). He was a warm supporter of the disastrous Darien
scheme. V.G.
("^) The descendants of her br.. Sir Robert Hamilton, Bart. [S.], represent this
line of Hamilton. See tabular pedigree, p. 95.
(f) The eldest sister, Margaret, m. Sir Samuel Baillie, of Lamington, and had
issue, and the yst., Elizabeth (unm. and a minor in Nov. 1656, see previous page,
note " d,") m. Alexander (Seton), 1st Viscount Kingston [S.].
(') In Macky's Memoirs of his secret service^ p. 236, he is described "as a rough,
fat, black, noisy, man, more like a Butcher than a Lord."
BELHAVEN
PEDIGREE
95
shewing the succession to the Peerage of the Lords Belhaven and
Stenton [S.] as heirs male whatsoever to the second Lord.
John Hamilton, of Brooni- = Elizabeth, only da. and h. of=John Hamilton, of Neilsland,
hill, 2nd husband.
r
Patrick Hamilton, of Udston
CO. Lanark, ist husband.
Claud H., of Broomhill.
John H., of Udston, slain 1568.
T
William H., of Udston.
r
Sir James H., of Broomhill, Sherifr= Margaret.
of Lanark.
r
(L) Sir John H., of Broomhill, cr.
Lord Belhaven and Stenton 1647,
d. 1679, s.p.m.
r
John H., of Udston, I 593.
I_
James H.,of
Barncleuth,
2nd son.
1
William H., of
Wishaw, 3rd
son, d. 1642.
Sir Robert Hamil-:
TON, Bart. [S.], of
Silvertonhill, 1646.
:Anne,
2nd da.
andcoh.
2 other
daugh-
ters and
coheirs.
J
John H., of Coltness,
s. and h.
John H., of Udston,
s. and h.
Robert H., of Pressmen-
nan, 3rd s., whose issue
became heirs male to his
father, d. 1696.
Sir Robert
Hamilton,
Bart. [S.],
d. 1708.
Margaret,:
1st da.
(in.) John, Lord Bel-
haven, yc, d. 1 72 1.
I
:(n.) John Hamilton,
who under the spec,
rem. sue. his wife's
grandfather in 1679
as Lord Belhaven,
yc. He a'. 1708.
r
William H., of
Wishaw, 3rd s.,
d. 1724 at a
great age.
Robert H.,
2nd s., m.
1686, </.
v.p.
1
Alexander H., 7th
andyst. s., </. 1781.
Anthony H., a'. 1812.
(IV.) John,
Lord Bel-
haven, yc,
d.s.p. 1764.
\
I
William H., of James H.
Wishaw,<?'.i756.
(V.) James, (VL) Robert H., of James
Lord Bel- Wishaw, h. male of H.,of
haven, yc, his father in 1763. Ste-
d.s.p.i-j-j-j. He was, in 1777, (/^ ven-
/ar,? Lord Belhaven, ston.
yc, ^'.1784.
William
d. 1859.
William
1867.
Richard H.,
John H., d.
JohnH.,
of Uds-
ton, s.
and h.
JohnH.,
of Uds-
ton, s.
and h.
JohnH.,
of Uds-
ton, s.
and h.
I
Alexan-
der H.,
s. and h.
(VIL) William, Lord Belhaven and
Stenton, confirmed as such by
decision of the House of Lords,
1799; -^^ 1814. _
^
Archibald H.,
d. 1823.
(Vin.) Robert Montgomery,
Lord Belhaven, Wc, d. s.p.,
1868. ^
J
(X.) Alexander Charles,
Lord Belhaven and
Stenton, 2nd but 1st
surv. s. and h living
1910.
. .1
William H., s. and h., assumed the
title oi Lord Belhaven and Stenton, and
voted as such in 1 790. Claim disal-
lowed. He d. s.p., 1796.
(IX.) James, Lord Belhaven
AND Stenton, b. 1822, d.
s.p.m., 1893.
96 BELHAVEN
at Stenton. Funeral entry at Lyon office. He ^. as above, 27 Nov. 1721.
Admon. 9 May 1722, to his son.
IV. 1 72 1. 4. John (Hamilton), Lord Belhaven and Stenton
[S.], s. and h.; General of the Mint [S.] 1735-64. Com-
missioner for improvement of trade [S.]. He d. unm., 28 Aug. 1764, at
Newcastle.
V. 1764. 5. James (Hamilton), Lord Belhaven and Stenton,
3rd and only surv. br. and h. Was an Advocate 1728.
Assistant Solicitor to the Board of Customs 1733; Sheriff depute of co.
Haddington 1747-62. He d. unm., 25 Jan. 1777, at Biel afsd., when the
heirs male of the body of the 2nd Lord became extinct^ and the title, though
wrongfully assumed,(^) became dormant.
VL 1777. 6. Robert Hamilton, of Wishaw, co. Lanark, as
"heir male whatsoever" of John, the 2nd Lord (the
patentee of 1675), was entitled to be Lord Belhaven and Stenton [S.],
but never assumed that title. He was b. 3 May 173 1, at Wishaw, being
next surv. br. and h. to Charles H., of Wishaw (who d. unm. 13 Aug.
1763), both being sons of William H., of the same (by Bethia, ist da. of
Charles Hamilton, of Wetherley), which William was s. and h. of Robert
H., 2nd but 1st surv. s. and h. ap. of William H., 3rd s. (but whose issue
was h. male) of another William H., both of Wishaw afsd., which last
named William was the next yst. br. to James H.(*) of Barncleuth, (whose
issue male was extinct in 1777) the said James having been father of
Robert H., of Pressmennan, the father of John, 2nd Lord Belhaven and
Stenton [S.] abovenamed. He ot., i Feb. 1764, at New Kirk, Edinburgh,
Susan, 2nd da. of Sir Michael Balfour, Bart. [S.], of Denmiln, co. Fife.
He d. 27 Mar. 1784, at Wishaw, aged 52. His widow ~d'. 9 Jan. 1789, at
Edinburgh.
VII. [1784 7. William Hamilton, of Wishaw afsd., s. and h.,
and] who in 1784 was entitled to be Lord Belhaven and
1799. Stenton [S.], but who did not assume that title till it was
(on his petition) determined in his favour by the House
of Lords, 25 Apr. 1799. He was b. 13 and bap. 22 Jan. 1765, at Cam-
busnethan; was an officer in the 3rd, or King's own, Dragoons; Col. of
the Lanarkshire and Dunbartonshire fencible cavalry. Hew., 2 Mar. 1789,
(*) By the law of Scotland in the case of three or more brothers the next youngest
br. (and not the eldest br.) is heir at law. In contravention to this, however, William
Hamilton, Capt. 44th Foot, lineal descendant and h. male of John H., of Coltness,
the eldest br. of the abovenamed James H., of Barncleuth, assumed the title of Lord
Belhaven and Stenton, and voted as such at the election of Scottish Peers in 1 790.
It was resolved however by the Committee for Privileges, 5 June 1793, that his vote
was not good, which resolution was confirmed by the House of Lords. He d. on
board the ship " Basset," in the Downs, 19 Jan. 1796. Will, as ^'^ Lord Belhaven"
pr. Sep. 1796.
BELHAVEN 97
at Edinburgh, Penelope, yst. da. of Ronald Macdonald, of Clanranald,
CO. Inverness (4th Baron Clanranald [S.] according to the Jacobite (^) crea-
tion of 1 7 1 6), by his 2nd wife, Flora, da. of ( — ) MacKinnon, of Mackinnon.
He d. 29 Oct. 1 8 14, aged 49, at Wishaw House. Admon. June 1834.
His widow d. 5 May 18 16, at Edinburgh. M.I. to both at Cambusnethan.
VIII. 1814. 8. Robert Montgomery (Hamilton), Lord Belhaven
AND Stenton [S.], s. and h., b. 1793. Rep. Peer [S.]
1819-32 (Whig). On 10 Sep. 1831 he was cr. BARON HAMILTON
OF WISHAW, CO. Lanark [U.K.J.C) High Commissioner to the Gen.
Assemblyand Kirk [S.] 1831-41, 1847-51, 1853-57, and 1860-66. K.T.
I July 1 86 1. Lord Lieut, of co. Lanark 1863 till his death. He m.,
16 Dec. 181 5, at Cambusnethan, Hamilton, da. of Walter Frederick Camp-
bell, of Shawfield, by his 2nd wife, Mary Nisbet. He d. s.p., 22 Dec.
1868, in his 76th year, at Wishaw House, when the Barony [U.K.]
granted to him in 1831 became extinct, and the Scottish Peerage remained
dormant for some years. His widow d. 8 Sep. 1873, at Wishaw House,
aged 83. Both were bur. at Cambusnethan.
IX. [1868 9. James Hamilton, cousin and h. male, was, in 1868,
and] entitled to be Lord Belhaven and Stenton [S.], but did
1875. not assume that title till it was determined in his favour
by the House of Lords, 3 Aug. i875.(') He was s. and
h. of Archibald Hamilton, Surgeon 2nd regt., by Mary, da. of David
Clarke, which Archibald was s. and h. of James H., of Stevenston in
Bothwell, s. of another James H., of the same, who was a yr. br. of
William H., of Wishaw, the father of Robert, the de jure 6th Lord. He
was^. 29 Aug. 1822, and J«c. his father 23 Feb. 1823. Hew., 30 Aug. 1877,
Georgina, 4th da. of Sir John Watson, Bart., of Earnock and Neilsland,
CO. Lanark. He d. s.p.m., 6 Sep. 1893, at Edinburgh, aged 71. His
widow was living 1910.
X. 1893. 10. Alexander Charles (Hamilton), Lord Belhaven
and Stenton [S. 1647], 4^^ cousin and h. male, being
2nd,('') but then ist surv. s. and h. male of William John Hamilton, by
his 2nd wife, Margaret Frances, da. of Henry Augustus (Lee-Dillon),
13th Viscount Dillon of Costello [I.], which William John (who d.
26 June 1867, aged 61), was s. of William Richard Hamilton, sometime
Minister at Naples (d. 11 July 1859, aged 82), s, of Anthony Hamilton,
D.D., Archdeacon of Colchester (d. 4 Oct. 18 12, aged 73), s. of Alexander
Hamilton, of London, Solicitor (d. 1781, aged 87), who was yst. br. of
if) For a list of Jacobite peerages, see vol. i, Appendix F.
i^) This was one of the 22 Peerages [U.K.] cr. on the coronation of William IV,
for a list of which see Appendix F in this volume.
(') "The petitioner is of Albany street, Leith, recently clerk to a wine mer-
chant." {Her. and Gen., Mar. 1 873, vol. viii, p. 64).
{^) His elder br. of the half blood, Col. R. W. Hamilton, had unsuccessfully
claimed the Peerage on the death of the 8th Lord.
H
98
BELHAVEN
Robert Hamilton, ancestor of the 9th Lord. He was b. 3 July 1840 ;
sometime an officer in the Royal Engineers, serving in the Zulu war 1879,
and retiring as Colonel. F.R.G.S. His claim to the peerage was recog-
nised in July 1894, so far as having been served heir, and as voting for
Scottish Rep. Peers, but has never been adjudicated on by the Committee
for Privileges in the House of Lords. Rep. Peer [S.] (Liberal Unionist)
I900.(*) He m., 7 July 1880, Georgiana Katharine, da. of Legh Richmond.
[Ralph Gerard Alexander Hamilton, Master of Belhaven, s.
and h. ap., b. 22 Feb. 1883. Sometime Lieut, in the 3rd King's own
Hussars. He ?»., i Mar. 1 904, at Westm. Abbey, Grizel Winifred Louise,
1st da. of Douglas (Cochrane), 12th Earl of Dundonald, by Winifred,
da. of Robert Bamford Hesketh, of Gwrych Castle, Abergele. She was
b. 14 May 1880.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of about 2,000 acres in co.
Lanark and about 900 in Midlothian. Total, 3,043 acres, worth about
;^5,033 a year, "exclusive of a rental of ;^ 19,621 for minerals." Principal
Residence. — Wishaw House, near Motherwell, co. Lanark.
BELLAMONT see BELLOMONT
BELLASIS see BELASYSE
BELLEISLE see BELLISLE
BELLENDEN OF BROUGHTON
BARONY [S.] I. William Bellenden, only s. and h. of Sir James
, , , B., of the free Barony of Broughton, co. Edinburgh, by
Elizabeth,(^) sister of Robert, ist Earl of Roxburghe
[S.], da. of Sir William Ker, of Cessford, was b. 1604 or 1605. He sue.
his father 3 Nov. 1606, (being served h. to him 16 Apr. 1607) ; app. P.C.
[S.] 13 Feb. 1 660/ 1, sworn 13 July 1661. Having adhered to the Royal
Family during the Civil Wars, he was, on 10 June 1661, cr. LORD
BELLENDEN OF BROUGHTON in Midlothian [S.], with rem. to the
heirs male of his body. Treasurer Depute 1661. Heritable Usher of
the Exchequer [S.], 13 Dec. 1663. One of the Treasury Commissioners
[S.], 1668. Having no issue, he, on 14 Apr. 1671, resigned his Peerage
in favour of John Ker, 4th s. of William, 2nd Earl of Roxburghe [S.], and
(") Since 1900 he has been in the position of sitting in the House as a Rep.
Peer [S.] although his right to the peerage has not been definitely established, he
having, unlike his predecessor, never submitted his claim to the House of Lords,
though his relationship to the last Lord is, as shown in the text, distant. He is one
of the numerous peers who are or have been directors of public companies. For a list
of these (in 1 896) see vol. v. Appendix C. V.G.
C*) She is miscalled Margaret in Douglas.
BELLENDEN 99
his heirs of entail, which was confirmed by Royal Charter, 12 Dec. 1673.
He d. unm., and was bur. 6 Sep. 1 671, at St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, Midx.,
aged about 66.
II. 1671. 2. John (Bellenden, formerly Ker), Lord Bellenden
OF Broughton [S.], 1st cousin thrice removed, and h.
according to the designation in the regrant of the Peerage as above, being
4th and yst. s. of William Ker (formerly Drummond), 2nd Earl of Rox-
BURGHE [S.], by Jean, ist da. and h. of line of Harry Ker, styled Lord Ker,
which Harry was ist surv. s. and h. ap. of Robert, ist Earl of Roxburghe
[S.] abovenamed, maternal uncle to the said William, ist Lord Bellenden
[S.]. On 23 Dec. 1671 he was served h. of entail and provision to his
predecessor, whom he sue. in the office of Heritable Usher and Door Keeper
of the Exchequer [S.].(^) He was imprisoned in Edinburgh Castle for
some time, owing to his having, in July 1689, shot dead a soldier who had
declared for William and Mary. Later on he himself supported the de
facto Government, and being very needy, was apparently in receipt of some
small pecuniary help therefrom. He ot., 10 Apr. 1683, Mary, widow of
William, 3rd Earl of Dalhousie [S.], 2nd da. of Henry (Moore), ist
Earl of Drogheda [I.], by Alice, da. of William (Spencer), 2nd Baron
Spencer of Wormleighton. He d. Mar. i707.('') His widow d.
17 Mar. i725/6.(')
III. 1707. 3. John (Bellenden), Lord Bellenden OF Broughton
[S.], s. and h., b. 1685, at Dalhousie Castle, served h. to
his father 16 July 1709. Heritable Usher of the Exchequer [S.].('*) He
OT., 3 Sep. 1722, at Radwell, Herts, Mary, da. of John Parnell, of Baldock,
in that co. He d. 16 Mar. 1 740/1, at Westmill, Herts, aged about 55,
and was bur. there. M.I. Admon., 11 Apr. 1741. His widow, who was
bap. 26 June 1702, at Baldock, d. 23 Nov. 1792, in her 91st year, and was
bur. at Westmill. M.I.
(^) See, as to the manner of confirming him in the King's " interest," a letter
dat. 31 July 1700, quoted in Douglas, vol. ii, p. 452, from the Duke of Queensberry
saying "because I knew he was a little straitened, I have given him ;rioo, iifc."
C') " The Lord Ballatyne {i.e. Bellenden] with his servant, Viscount Kingston's
son, Sir John Leyton's \rectiu% George Seton's] brother, and two other persons, who
robbed the mail last August, were seized. The Lord B. for murder is committed
to the Castle, and the rest to the Tolbooth." (Newsletter, I Nov. 1690. Hist. MSS.
Com., 1 2th Rep., App., pt. vii). However the Privy Council's Records do not bear
out the inaccurate newsman, that Lord B. was concerned in the robbery, and, indeed,
he cannot have been, for, being "somewhat hotheaded," as Sir James Balfour Paul
leniently remarks [Scots Peerage, sub " Bellenden "), he had (as mentioned in the text)
murdered a man for expressing different political opinions to his own, and was a prisoner
in the Castle at the time. The robbers were James" Seton, afterwards 3rd Viscount
Kingston [S.] (see note under that title), and John Seton, br. of Sir George S. V.G.
{^) According to Douglas she m., 3rdly, Samuel Collins, M.D.
{^) Queen Anne writes to Harley, 11 Oct. 1 7 12, "I desire you would let Lord
Ballandin have ;(^200, as soon as you can conveniently, for I am assured by others as
well as his own mother that he is starving." V.G.
loo BELLENDEN
IV. 1741. 4. Ker (Bellenden), Lord Bellenden OF Broughton
[S.], s. and h., b. 22 Oct., and bap. 11 Dec. 1725, at
Walkerne, Herts. Was an officer R.N. Heritable Usher of the Exche-
quer [S.]. He ;«., 13 Mar. 1749, at Erith, Elizabeth, da. of Richard
Brett, Clerk of the Cheque in Deptford Dockyard. Q He d. 2 Mar.
I753,('') at Woolwich, aged 27, and was bur. at Westmill, Herts. M.I.
Will pr. Aug. 1753. His widow d. 21 Jan. 1798, at Fareham, Hants,
aged 71. Will dat. 14 Jan. 1792, pr. 16 Feb. 1798.
V. 1753. 5. John Ker (Bellenden), Lord Bellenden of
Broughton [S.], only s. and h., b. at Woolwich 22 Aug.,
and bap. 23 Sep. 1751. On 23 Apr. 1755, he had a grant of ;^250 a year
at pleasure as Usher of the Exchequer [S.], confirmed, by George III,
4 Apr. 1761. Ensign 25th regt., 1775. -^^ ^- ^^ J^n^ I787j ^t Leith,
Sarah Cumming, of Montego Bay, Jamaica, widow, a mulatto woman.
She d. in Golden Sq., London, 21, and was bur. 29 Nov. 1794, at St.
Marylebone. Will pr. Dec. 1794. He d. s.p., 20 Oct. 1796, at Edinburgh,
aged 41, and, being insolvent, his office of Heritable Usher, fife, was sold
by Order of the Court of Session.('')
VI. 1796. 6. Robert (Bellenden), Lord Bellenden OF Brough-
ton [S.], uncle and h., b. 7 Apr., and bap. 23 Aug. 1734,
at Westmill, Herts. Capt. nth Foot, 1761, and 68th Foot, 1767. On
8 Feb. 1797, he had a grant of ;^2 50 a year as the salary of Usher of the
Exchequer [S.]. He d. unm. 13 Oct. 1797, at Bath, and was bur. at
Westmill afsd., aged 63.
VII. 1797 7. William (Bellenden), Lord Bellenden OF Brough-
to ton [S.], cousin and h. male, being only s. and h. of
1805. William B., by Jacomina Farmer, of Normington, co.
Lincoln, which W^illiam was 3rd s. of John, the 2nd Lord.
He was bap. 20 Oct. 1728, at Ashton under Hill, co. Gloucester. On
19 Mar. 1 804 (in his 76th year) he sue. his cousin as DUKE OF ROX-
BURGHE, Is'c. [S.]. On his death, s.p.s., 22 Oct. 1805, the issue male of
William, 2nd Earl of Roxburghe [S.] failed, and the Barony of Bellenden
of Broughton [S.] became, probably, extinct, or at all events, dormant. — See
fuller account under "Roxburghe," Earldom and Dukedom of [S.].
if) According to the pedigree in the College of Arms his only wife was named
Elizabeth, and was da. of JVilliam Brett. He is sometimes (incorrectly) said to have
m.y 2ndly, in 1750, Elizabeth, da. of George Campbell, Storekeeper at Woolwich,
but the will of William Robins, of Portsea, proved 1763, mentions as his niece,
" Elizabeth, Lady Ker Bellenden, da. of Richard Brett, of Deptford."
C") In his M.I. the date of his death is incorrectly given as 13 Mar. 1754.
{^) A letter from this peer to Lord Lonsdale, stating that he has not the honour
to be known to him, but hopes he will compassionate a nobleman in distress, and find
it convenient to render the smallest assistance per bearer, ^c, is printed in the Hut.
MSS. Com., 13th Rep., pt. vii, p. 147. V.G.
BELLEW loi
BELLEW
John de Bellew (de Bella-Aqua) was sum. to attend the King at
Shrewsbury 28 June (1283) 11 Edw. I,(") by writ directed Johanne de
Bella Aqua, which writ was actually held in the Mowbray case (1878) to
have cr. an hereditary Peerage, and to attend the King wheresoever he
should be, 8 June (1294) 22 Edw. I, but neither does this appear to have
been a regular Writ of Summons to Parl.(*) He was again sum.
16 Dec. (1295) 24 Edw. I, to be at Newcastle with horse and arms in
Mar. following. He was of Carlton, co. York, and in right of his wife,
of Kentmere in Kendal. He m. Laderina, da. and coh. of Piers de Brus,
of Kendal, Westmorland, and of Skelton Castle, in Cleveland. He d.
1301, leaving as his coheirs (i) Nicholas Stapleton, s. of Miles Stapleton,
by Sibyl, his eldest da., and (2) Joan, his 2nd da., wife of Aucher Fitz-
Henry. Inq. p. m. 29 Edw. I, on him and his said wife.
BELLEW OF DULEEK
BARONY [I.] I. John Bellew, s. and h. of Sir Christopher B.,
T ^r,r of Bellewstown, Governor of Louth (^. in or before 1660),
by Frances, da. of Matthew (Plunkett), Lord Louth
[I.]. His property, which had been sequestrated by Cromwell, was
restored in Oct. 1660, after the Restoration; it was situated in Louth,
Meath, and Dundalk. He was knighted between 1661 and Aug. 1663.
P.C. [I.]. Gov. of Louth. He was, for his fidelity to James II, cr.
29 Oct. 1686, BARON BELLEW OF DULEEK [!.].(") He was in
command of a regt. of Infantry in Ireland, and was one of the Peers who
sat in James IPs Pari. [I.] in May i689.("=) He was outlawed by the
new Government in 1691, but his outlawry was afterwards reversed.('')
He m. (articles dat. 28 Nov. 1663) Mary, ist da. and coh. of Walter
Bermingham, of Dunfert, co. Kildare, by Margaret, 2nd da. of Thomas
(Fitzmaurice), Baron Kerry [I.]. He was taken prisoner at the battle
of Aughrim, 12 July 1691, and having been wounded there, he d.
therefrom, in London, 18 months later, 12, and was bur. 14 Jan. i6()2/2,
at St. Margaret's, Westm., but was removed to Duleek in Apr. following.
(') As to the validity of these writs, see Preface.
C") This was one of the 5 Irish peerages conferred by James II before his exile.
See note sub UHck, Viscount of Galway [1687]. .
(') For a list of peers present in, and absent from that Pari., see vol. iii.
Appendix D.
{^) The Commissioners on forfeited estates reported to the House of Lords that
Henry Sydney, in 1694 Earl of Romney, and one of the greediest of our Whig
deliverers, had been bribed by him "not to molest the passing of his pardon." V.G.
I02 BELLEW
M.I.(*) Admon. 17 Feb. 1692/3, to Mary, his widow. She d. 1694.
Will pr. 1699, Prerog. Ct. [I.].
II. 1693. 2- Walter (Bellew), Baron Bellew of Duleek [I.],
s. and h. He was a Papist, and on behalf of James II,
commanded a troop of horse in Tyrconnel's regt. He fought at the
battle of Aughrim, where he was severely wounded and taken prisoner,
dying a few months after his release. He w., Sep. 1686, Frances Arabella,
sister of Thomas, Earl of Strafford, and da. of Sir William Wentworth,
of Northgate Head in Wakefield, by Isabella, da. of Sir Allan Apsley.
He d. as afsd., J./».w., 1694. His widow d. in Covent Garden, 16, and
was bur. 19 Mar. 1723/4, at St. Paul's there.
III. 1694. 3. Richard (Bellew), Baron Bellew of Duleek [I.],
br. and h. male. He was outlawed^ but afterwards, having
conformed to the established religion, and being within the terms of the
treaty of Limerick, his outlawry was reversed 30 Mar. and 15 Apr. 1697,
and on 20 Jan. 1697/8 he had lie. to return to England from the Continent.
He sat in the House of Lords [I.] 1707. M.P. (Whig) for Steyning,
returned on a double return, but unseated 1709, again returned (singly)
17 12, and again unseated. He w., May 1695, Frances, Dowager Count-
ess of Newburgh [S.], sister of George, 3rd Earl of Cardigan, and da.
of Francis Brudenell, styled Lord Brudenell, by Frances, da. of James
(Savile), Earl of Sussex. He d. 22 Mar. 17 14/5, and was bur. at Duleek.
Will pr. [I.] 1715. His widow d. 23 Feb. 1735/6, in Dublin, and was
bur. there at St. Audoen's.
(^) The following Peers of Ireland are in " a list of the considerable Irish officers
killed and taken at Aughrim, July 12, 1 69 1," given in King Jamei's Army List, 1689,
by J. D'Alton, 1855, p. 957.
"Bellew, Lord," /.c, John, ist Baron. *^ Prisoners that are wounded."
" Bophin, Lord," i.e., John Bourke, cr. Lord
Bophin by Jac. II, 1689. "Prisoners not wounded."
" Dillon, Lord," i.e., Theobald 7th Viscount. " Officers killed on the field."
" Galway, Lord," i.e., Ulick Burke,
cr. Viscount Galway, 1687. "Prisoners died of their wounds."
" Kilmaine, Lord," [«V] doubtless a mistake for
Viscount Kenmare, so cr. by Jac. II, 1689,
who was among the prisoners. "Prisoners not wounded."
" Kilmallock, Lord," i.e., Dominick (Sarsfield), N
4th Viscount. [This is an error, as he
escaped to France, and was slain at Chiari, . .inn- ,-nj 1 r i,tt
c. ir /-I T I Officers killed on the field.
I Sep. 1701. V.G.] 1 •" ■'
" Roche, Lord," i.e., Maurice (Roche), Viscount
Fermoy.
" Slane, Lord," i.e., Christopher (Fleming),
Baron of Slane, Col. of a regt. of In-
fantry which was reported, after the battle \ " Prisoners not wounaed^
of the Boyne, to contain 13 companies,
with a total of 650 men.
BELLEW 103
IV. 171 5 4. John (Bellew), Baron Bellew of Duleek [I.],
to s. and h., b. 1702. He m., istly, 13 Sep. 1731, at Lucca,
1770. Anne, da. ofWilliam (Maxwell), 5th Earl of Niths-
dale [S.], by Winifred, da. of William (Herbert),
Marquess of Powis. She d. in London, of fever, in childbed, 3, and was
bur. 16 May 1735, at Hendon, Midx. He m., 2ndly, 1737, Mary, Dow-
ao^er Countess of Fingall, widow of Sir Valentine Browne, Bart, (calling
himself Viscount Kenmare), and da. of Maurice FitzGerald, of Castle
Ishen, CO. Cork. She d. 19 Mar. 1 741/2, in London. He w., 3rdly, in
May 1749, Henrietta or Harriet,(^) da. of George Henry (Lee), 2nd
Earl of Lichfield, by Frances, da. of Sir John Hales, Bart., of Wood-
church, Kent. She, who was b. 1726, d. of small-pox, in Bolton Str.,
30 Apr., and was bur. 5 May 1752, in South Audley Str. Chapel. He d.
s.p.m.5.,(^) 18 Aug. 1770, at Lille, aged about 68, when the Peerage became
extinct. Will dat. 9 Oct. 1766, pr. 2 Oct. 1770.
BELLEW^ OF BARMEATH
BARONY [L] I. Patrick Bellew, s. and h. of Sir Edward Bellew,
- » Q Bart. [L], of Barmeath, co. Louth, by Mary Anne, only
^ ^ ' da. and h. of Richard Strange, of Rockwell Castle, co.
Kilkenny, was b. 29 Jan. 1798, in London; sue. his father, 15 Mar. 1827.
Sheriff of CO. Louth 1831. M.P. (Whig) for Louth 183 1-32, and 1834-37.
Lord Lieut, of co. Louth 1831 till his death. P.C. [L] 17 Jan. 1838.
Commissioner of National Education [I.] 1839 till his death. He was, on
10 July 1848, cr.{'\ BARON BELLEW OF BARMEATH, co. Louth
[L]. He proved his right to vote 8 July 1856. He m., 19 Jan. 1829, at
the Manor House, Bathampton (spec, lie), Anna Fermina, da. of Jos6 Maria
de-Mendoza-y-Rios, of Seville. She d. 2 Aug. 1857. He d. 10 Dec.
1866, at Barmeath, aged 68.('')
n. 1866. 2. Edward Joseph (Bellew), Baron Bellew of
Barmeath [L], &'c., only s. and h., b. in Dublin, 3, and
bap. 7 June 1830, at the R. C. Cathedral there. Ed. at Stonyhurst Coll.;
Sheriff of co. Louth 1854. He »?., 7 Feb. 1853, at the R. C. Church of
Connahy, co. Kilkenny, Augusta Mary, only da. and h. of George Bryan,
of Jenkinstown, co. Kilkenny, by Margaret, da. of William Talbot, of
(') She was a boarder at the Blue Nuns' School in Paris, 1738. V.G.
C*) His only s. by his ist wife, Edward, b. 3 Apr., J. 2 Sep. 1735, and was bur.
at Hendon, Midx.
C^) The three extinctions used for this purpose,' according to the Act of Union,
were (i) the Barony of Hartland (Ma/ion), (2) the Viscountcy of Allen {Allen),
and (3) the Barony of Mount Sandford {Sandford).
(■*) In Gent. Mag. Obituary is the following announcement: — "At her resi-
dence, Slockleish House, North Gate, Regent's Park, aged 58, the Countess Caroline
Bellew, 24 Feb. 1865." V.G.
104 BELLEW
Castle Talbot, co. "Wexford. He d. suddenly, 28 July 1895, at Kaiserhof,
Bad Mannheim, Frankfort on Maine, aged 65.('') Will pr. at ;^23,635.
His widow d. 1 1 May 1 904, at Venice, aged 70.
III. 1895. 3. Charles Bertram (Bellew), Baron Bellew of
Barmeath [I. 1848], also a Baronet [I. 1688], 2nd, but
1st surv. s. and h.,('') b. 19, and bap. 26 Apr. 1855, in the R. C. Church
at Balbriggan; sometime Capt. 6th batt. Royal Irish Rifles. Sheriff of co.
Louth 1875, and Lord Lieut., 1898. Rep. Peer [I.] (Liberal Unionist)
1904. He m., 10 Aug. 1883, Mildred Mary Josephine, ist da. of Sir
Humphrey de Trafford, 2nd Bart., of Trafford Park, Manchester, by
Mary Annette, sister and coh. of Bertram Arthur (Talbot), 17th Earl
OF Shrewsbury.
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of about 4,100 acres in co.
Louth, and about 200 in co. Meath. Total, 4,314 acres, worth about
^^5,100 a year. Chief Residence. — Barmeath, near Dunleer, co. Louth.
BELLINGUARD
i.e. " MoNSON OF Bellinguard, co. Limerick," Barony [I.] {Monsoti),
cr. 1628 with the Viscountcy of Monson of Castlemaine [I.], which see;
attainted 1661.
BELLINTER
See "Tara of Bellinter, co. Meath," Barony [I.] {Preston), cr.
1800 ; extinct 1821.
BELLISLE
VISCOUNTCY [I.] I. Ralph (Gore), Baron Gore of Manor Gore
. , [I.] was, on 25 Aug. 1768, cr. VISCOUNT BEL-
^- ^7o« LISLE, OF BELLISLE, co. Fermanagh [I.]. On
„ 4 Jan. 1772, he was cr. Earl of Ross [I.]. At his
death, j./).»;.5., in 1802, his peerages became extinct.
See fuller account under " Ross," Earldom of [I.], cr. 1772, extinct 1802.
(*) He was one of the chief witnesses against " the Claimant " in the Tichborne
trials; his evidence as to the tattooing of the real Roger, his schoolfellow at Stony-
hurst, caused the collapse of the original action for ejectment, Tichborne v. Lushing-
ton. V.G.
(*>) His elder br., Patrick George Bellew, hap. 12 Dec. 1853, at the R. C. Church
at Connahy, d. unm. and v.p., 25 May 1874. His next br. and h. presumptive
(1909), George Leopold Bryan Bellew Bryan, h. 22 Jan. 1857, sometime Lieut,
loth Hussars, assumed, by Royal lie, 13 Oct. 1880, the surname of Bryan.
BELLOMONT 105
BELLOMONT, and BELLAMONT(^)
VISCOUNTCY [I.] I. Henry Bard, 2nd and yst. s. of the Rev.
, George B., Vicar of Staines, Midx. (who d. 1616),
^ ■^■^* by Susan, da. of John Dudley, was i^. in 161 5 or
i6i6;C') ed. at Eton, and was admitted as a scholar at King's Coll. Cam-
bridge 23 Aug. 1632; B.A. 1636; Fellow 26 Aug. 1635-45, when he m.
Having travelled in the East and elsewhere, he became a proficient linguist.
He returned to England about 1642, obtained a Colonel's commission,
distinguished himself greatly in the Royal cause, particularly at the battle
of Cheriton Down, where he lost the use of an arm, and was taken prisoner;
was made Governor of Campden House (near Evesham), co. Gloucester,("')
and subsequently of Worcester. ('') Knighted 22 Nov. 1643, obtained a
warrant for a Baronetc}' (by docquet, dat. 8 Oct. 1644, at Sherborne, Oxon),
and on 18 Julv 1 645 was cr. BARON BARD OF DROMBOY, co. Meath,
and VISCOUNT BELLOiMONT,(') co. Dublin [I.]. He accompanied
Charles II in exile, by whom he was sent on an Embassy to obtain money
from the Shah of Persia, and from the Great Mogul. He reached Persia
in 1654, and Surat, in India, in Jan. 1655/6, but a. suddenly while on his
way to the Mogul's Court. He tn., in 1645, Ann, da. of Sir William
Gardiner, of Peclcham, Surrey, by Frances, (ist cousin to the said William)
da. of Christopher Gardiner, of Bermondsey.(') He d. as afsd., 20 June
1656, apparently from heat apoplexj-, at Hodal, between Agra and Delhi,
and was bur. there, aged about 40.(^) His widow, who applied for relief
to King's Coll. Cambridge, after the Restoration, d. before 1668. Admon.
13 July 1668, as "Lady Ann Bard, widow, of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields,
Midx."
(') This is an attempt to latinize Ballymount. Information as to the Bard
family has been kindly furnished by William Irvine, who has mad3 an exhaustive
study of it. V.G.
C") In Diet. Nat. Biog. he is stated to have been b. in 1 604, in which case he
must have left Eton for King's when aged 28! V.G.
("^) Bard was responsible for the destruction of Campden House, in May 1645,
"a house, as my Lord Cambden says, that hath cost ^^30,000 in building and furni-
ture " (see SUngshy's Memoin), which act, according to C larindon i Rebellion^ "brought
no other benefit to the public than the enriching the licentious governor thereof, who
exercised an unbounded tj-ranny over the whole country, and took his leave of it by
wantonly burning the noble pile which he had too long inhabited."
l^) "A man of a very personable body and of a stout and undaunted courage."
{MS. by John Hall, c. 1660, penes King's Coll. Cambridge). Anthony a Wood calls
him "a compact body of vanity and ambition, though robust and comely." The
Koran which he collected on his travels in Eg}^pt and presented to King's Coll. is still
preserved there. V.G.
(•) There is no enrolment [I.] of this patent, but in Ulster's oflScial Roll it is
given as Belljmont.
(^ See Ca/L Top. et Gen., vol. iii, pp. 1 5 and 1 8.
(^) His arms are given as "Sable on a chevron between 10 martlets Argent
5 pellets." (Ant. Allen's MS. Cataloeue, penes Kina's Coll. Cambridge). V.G"^
15
io6 BELLOMONT
II. 1656 2. Charles Rupert Bard,(^) Viscount BellomontC")
to AND Baron Bard of Dromboy [I. 1645], only s. and h.,
1667. b. I Jan. 1647/8, d. a minor and unm., being slain,
19 June 1667, when an officer in the Barbados regt., in
an attempt to recapture the Island of St. KItts from the French, when
the Viscountcy became extinct.(f)
EARLDOM [I.] I. Charles Henry Kirkhoven {rectius van den Kerch-
T rn hove), s. and h. of Jan. van den Kerch hove, otherwise
PoLYANDER, LoRD OF Henvliet, in Zealand, by Kathe-
>.„ rine, suo jure Countess of Chesterfield (widow of Sir
^' Henry Stanhope, styled]_.OK'D Stanhope), ist da. and coh.
of Thomas (Wotton), 2nd Baron Wotton, was, by patent dat. at St. John-
stoun, in Scotland, 31 Aug. 1650,0 cr. BARON WOTTON of Wotton,
Kent, and by patent dat. 9 Dec. 1680 (enrolled [I.] 11 Feb. 1680/1), was
cr. "EARL OF BELLOMONT in our Kingdom of Ireland."(;) He
w., 25 Aug. 1679, at Swarkeston, co. Derby, Frances, widow of Sir John
Harpur, of Swarkeston afsd. (which Sir John was bur. there 20 Feb.
1678/9), da. of William (Willoughby), 6th Baron Willoughby of Par-
ham, by Anne, da. of Sir Philip Cary, of Aldenham, Herts. He d. s.p.y
5, and was bur. 11 Jan. 1682/3, in Canterbury Cathedral, when all his
honours became extinct. Will (signed "Bellomont") dat. 6 Oct. 1682, pr.
14 July 1688. His widow, who was ^.12 Nov. 1642, in Aldersgate Str.,
London (birth reg. at Hunsdon, Herts), m., 3rdly, 3 July 1684, at St.
Martin's-in-the-Fields (Lie. Vic. Gen., he about T,2>y bach., she about 37,
widow), Henry Heveningham, of Heveningham Hall, Suffolk, who d.
21 Nov. 1700. She d. s.p.^ at Swarkeston, 25 May, and was bur. there
4 June 1714. M.I. Will dat. 9 Mar. 1712, pr. May 1714.
II. 1689. I. Richard (Coote), Lord CooTE, Baron of CoLooNY
[I.], 2nd, but 1st surv. s. and h. of Richard, ist Lord
(*) His name does not appear in Ulster's Roll, i66i. {ex inform. G. D. Burt-
chaell). V.G. See Line. Ped., Harl. Soc, also statement in Misc. Gen. et Her., 2nd
Ser., vol. V, p. 80, by Charles Best NorclifFe, who, however, gives the date of the
Viscount's death wrongly. A trustworthy ped. of the Bard family by G. S. S[teinman]
is in Co/I. Top. et Gen., vol. iv, pp. 59-61.
C') So spelt (and rightly spelt) in the actual enrolment.
if) Of his sisters and coheirs, Frances, the elder, became mistress to Prince Rupert,
and was mother, by him, of Dudley Bard, slain in her lifetime, when aged 20, at the
siege of Buda, in 1686. As to her m. certificate, see note sub I Duke of Cumberland.
She d. in the Margrave of Baden's Court at Carlsruhe in 1708, aged 62. Persiana,
the yr., m. her cousin, Nathaniel Bard, of Caversfield, and d. between 23 June and
30 Nov. 1739. There was a third sister, Anne, who appears to have d. unm. after
1668, when she was administratrix to her mother.
{^) For a list of peerages cr. by Charles II when in exile, see vol. v, Appendix E.
('') He never took his seat in the House of Lords [I.] as no pari, met in Ireland
whilst he held the title, {ex injorm. G. D. Burtchaell). V.G.
BELLOMONT 107
CooTE OF CoLooNY [I.], by Mary, da. of Sir George St. George, of
Carrick-drummuske, co. Leitrim, sue. his father lo July 1683 ; was M.P.
(Whig) for Droitwich, 1689-95. Being one of the first to join the Prince of
Orange (^) in 1688, he was, in his absencejC") attainted by the Irish Pari, of
James II in May 1689. The new Sovereigns, however, made him Governor
of Leitrim, and cr. him, 2 Nov. 1689, "EARL OF BELLOMONT (<=) in
our Kingdom of Irelandj'^"^) bestowing upon him the preposterous grant
of over 77,000 acres of forfeited Irish lands.(^) He was Treasurer to the
Queen 1689-93; Gov. of Massachusetts 1695, and of New York 1697 till
his death. (*) He took his seat in the House 27 June 1696. He w.,
19 Aug. 1680 (Lie. Vic. Gen., she about 15), Catharine, da. and h. of Bridges
Nanfan,(8) of Birtsmorton, co. Worcester, by Catharine, da. and coh. of
Sir George Hastings. He d. 5 Mar. 1 700/1, greatly lamented, at New
York, where a fast was observed for his death. W^ill dat. 23 Aug. 1697,
pr. 25 Feb. 1704/5. His widow, who is said to have been b. 9 and bap.
13 Feb. 1665, at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields, m., i Apr. 1702, at St. Mary
Magd., Old Fish Str., London, William Caldwall, of St. James's, Westm.,
Capt. of a Man-of- War, afterwards Rear Admiral of the Red, who d. 171 8,
aged 55, and was bur. at Birtsmorton. M.I. She sue. her father (who d.
aged 82) 4 June 1704, in the estates of Birtsmorton and Berrow, co.
Worcester. She m., 3rdly, 24 Nov. 1720, at St. Mary Magd. afsd., Samuel
Pytts, of Kyre, co. Worcester. She m., 4thly, at Morton Court, near
Ledbury, co. Hereford, 3 Dec. 1737, a few months before her death, William
Bridgen, Alderman, afterwards (1763) Lord Mayor of London, who d. at
Enfield, Oct. 1779, aged above 70. She d. 12 Mar. I'l'Sll'^i ^t Morton
Court, aged 72, and was bur. at Birtsmorton. M.I. Will dat. 1 1 Mar.
1737/8, pr. June 1741.
(*) For a list of the principal persons who joined the Prince of Orange, see
Appendix H in this volume.
(*■) For a list of peers present in, and absent from, this Pari., see vol. iii.
Appendix D.
(') See ante, p. 105, note "a."
{^) See Lodge, vol. iii, p. 209, note, where his " proscription " in 1687 for absence
from Ireland is set out, as also the preamble of his patent of peerage.
(') For a list of the largest of these grants, and some remarks thereon, see vol. i,
p. 92, note "a."
(*) " He was a man of eminently fair character, upright, courageous and inde-
pendent. Though a decided Whig he had distinguished himself by bringing before
the Pari, at Westm. some tyrannical acts done by Whigs at Dublin." The King
sent him to New York in order to put down the "freebooting " which was then a
disgrace to the Colonies. Unfortunately it occurred to him to fit out a privateer for
that purpose (at his own and his friends' expense) apd to entrust it to a veteran
mariner named William Kidd. When, however, " Capt. Kidd " was in full command
of the "Adventure Galley," he became the terror of all the merchants, and was
finally arrested as a pirate in 1698. See Macaulay's History, vol. v, p. 246, (Jc,
edit. 1861.
(^) A pedigree of the family of Nanfan, by Sir John Maclean, is printed in the
Bristol & Ghuc. Arch. Soc. Proceedings, vol. x, sub " Birtsmorton."
io8 BELLOMONT
III. 1 70 1. 2. Nanfan (Coote), Earl of Bellomont, fffc. [I.], s.
and h., b. about 1681. Took his seat 25 Sep. 1707.
He m., 17 Feb. 1 705/6, (") at St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, Midx., Lucia Anna
{styled Countess de Nassau), sister of Henry (de Nassau), ist Earl of
Grantham, and yst. da. of Henry, Count of Nassau and Lord of Auver-
querque in Holland, by Frances, da. of Cornelius van Aersen, Lord of
Sommelsdyck and Plaata, in Holland. He d. before his mother, s.p.m., at
Bath, Somerset, of palsy, 14, and was bur. 16 June 1708, in the Abbey
there, aged about 27.('') Admon. 23 Aug. 1709, to a creditor. His
widow, (who is mentioned in the will of her mother,(') dat. 20 Sep. 171 2),
d. 4, and was bur. 10 Sep. 1744, at St. James's, Westm., though, by her
will, dat. II Aug. 171 1, and 6 June 17 13 {sic)^ pr. i Dec. 1744, she
directs her burial to be at Westm. Abbey.
IV. 1708 3. Richard (Coote), Earl of Bellomont, ^c. [I.],
to only br. and h. male. He took his seat 15 June I709.('^)
1766. On 23 Mar. 1729 he sold the family estate of Coloony,
CO. Sligo, and other lands for a sum just short of ;/^ 17,000,
and on 12 Mar. 1737 he sue. his mother in the estate of Birtsmorton, co.
Worcester. Hew., istly, Judith, da. (whose issue became h.) of Francis
Wilkinson, of Southwark, Surrey, "a dealer in coney wool." She d. v.p.,
6 Apr. 1719, in Dublin, and was bur. at Christ Church there. He w.,
2ndly, 4 May 1721, at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields, Anne, widow of Sir Henry
Oxenden, 4th Bart. [1678], and da. of John Holloway, of Oxford, bar-
rister. She d. s.p.m.s., 13, and was bur. 20 Feb. 1723/4, at St. Anne's,
Soho. Admon. 8 July 1724. He d. s.p.m. s.,{'') 10 Feb. 1766, aged 83,
and was bur. at Birtsmorton. (*) Will pr. Sep. 1768. At his death the
Earldom of Bellomont [I.] became extinct, but the Barony of Coote of
Coloony [I.] devolved on his cousin and h. male, Charles Coote, afterwards
(1767) cr. Earl of Bellomont [I.] as under.
(^) " Miss Overkirk was married to Lord B. last Sunday at St. Martin's
Church." (Lady Isabella Wentworth, in a letter dat. 23 Feb. 1705/6). V.G.
C") Frances, his only da. and h., m. 28 June 1723 (as his 1st wife), Sir Robert
Clifton, of Clifton, Notts, Bart., K.B. She d. 1733, leaving an only da., Frances,
(sole h. of her mother) who m. Mar. 1747, George (Carpenter), 1st Earl ot
Tyrconnel [I.].
(^) See note to burial of "the Countess de Nassau de Averquerque " 27 Jan,
1719/20, in Col. Chester's IVeitm. Abbey Registers.
\^) He is said to have been P.C. to Queen Anne, but this is certainly not true
as to England, and very doubtful as to Ireland. He seems to have been an unimpor-
tant person. V.G.
(*) Judith, his sole surv. child, inherited the estates of Birtsmorton and Berrow,
which, on her death, unm., 10 Jan. 1771, she devised to her distant cousin, Charles,
Lord Coote of Coloony [I.], to the exclusion of the descendants of her 1st cousin,
Lady Frances Clifton (da. and h. of the 2nd Earl), who were the representatives of the
old family of Nanfan, from whom the Coote family derived these possessions.
(') " Of eminently fair character, upright, courageous and independent."
(Macaulay). V.G.
BELLOMONT 109
[Richard Coote, styled Viscount Coote, or Lord Coloonv, s. and
h. ap., by ist wife. He was Capt. in the ist regt. of Foot Guards. He
d. v.p., unm., 23 Oct. 1740, in London.]
[Thomas Coote, j/y/f^ Viscount Coote, or Lord Coloony, 2nd, but
1st surv. s. and h. ap., by ist wife, b. 15 Apr., and bap. 14 May 17 10,
at St. Anne's, Soho. He m. Elizabeth, ist da. of Thomas Bond, of Dublin,
merchant. She d. 9, and was bur. 27 July 1763, at St. Anne's, Soho. He
d. v.p. and s.p., aged 54 in London, 24, and was bur. 31 Mar. 1765,
at St. Anne's, Soho, from Southwark [.'' the King's Bench prison], as
Viscount Coote. Admon. 18 Jan. 1766.]
V. 1767 I. Charles (Coote), Lord Coote, Baron OF CoLooNY
to [L], formerly of Coote Hill, co. Cavan, s. and h. of
1800. Charles Coote, of the same, (M.P. for co. Cavan 1727 till
his death, 19 Dec. 1750) by Prudence, da. of Richard
Geering, one of the six clerks of the Court of Chancery [I.], which last
named Charles was s. of the Hon. Thomas Coote, of Coote Hill afsd.,
sometime a Justice of the King's Bench [L], br. of Richard, ist Earl of
Bellomont [I.], and yst. s. of Richard, ist Lord Coote of Coloony [1.].
He was bap. 12 Apr. 1738, and was M.P. for co. Cavan 1761-66. Having
taken an active part in quelling an insurrection in the North of Ireland, he
was made K.B., (his investiture being performed by the Lord Lieutenant
[I.], at Dublin Castle on 16 Jan. 1764) soon after which, viz. on 10 Feb.
1766, he sue. his cousin, the 3rd Earl of Bellomont [L], in the Barony of
Coote of Coloony [L], as abovenamed (being h. male of the body of
Richard, the ist Baron), and took his seat 7 Mar. following. Deputy
Quarter Master Gen. of the Forces, Oct. 1766-73. On 4 Sep. 1767 he
was cr. "EARL OF BELLAMONT {sic) in our Kingdom of Ireland,"^)
and took his seat 20 Oct. 1770. In Jan. 1771 he inherited the estates
of Birtsmorton and Berrow, co. Worcester. C") On 12 May 1774 (a few
months before his marriage), he was cr. a Baronet [E.], with a spec. rem.
(failing the heirs male of his body) to "Charles Coote, of Donybrook,
CO. Dublin, Esq." P.C. [L] 19 Dec. 1774; Custos Rot. ofco. Cavan 1780-
1800; Joint Post Master Gen. [L] 1789-97. He m., 20 Aug. 1774, at
Blackrock, co. Dublin, or Carton, co. Kildare, Emily Mary Margaretta, 2nd
da. of James (FitzGerald), ist Duke of Leinster [I.], by Emilia Mary,
da. of Charles (Lennox), 2nd Duke of Richmond. He d. s.p.m.s. legit.,
20 Oct. 1800, of inflammation of the lungs, in Dublin, aged 62, when all
(=) It is spelt (in this solitary instance) in this Italianised manner in the enrol-
ment in Chancery, but doubtless by mistake for Belbmont which was the name of
the title conferred previously. See vol. i, p. 113, note " b," for a similar instance sub
" Altamont."
(^) See previous page, note " e."
110 BELLOMONT
his Peerage honours became extinct.{^) Will pr. 1802, Prerog. Ct. [I-J-O
His widow, who was b. 15 Mar. 1751, d. 8 Apr. 18 18, at Penzance,
Cornwall. M.I. there. Will pr. July 1818.
[Charles Coote, styled Viscount Coote, or Lord Coloony, only s.
and h. ap. He d. v. p., young and unm. 1786.]
BELMONT
See "Harris of Seringapatam and Mysore in the East Indies and
OF Belmont, Kent," Barony {Harris)^ cr. 18 15.
BELMORE
BARONY [I.] I. Armar Lowry-Corry, of Castle Coole, co.
, n Fermanagh, 3rd, but ist surv. s. and h. of Galbraith
' ■ LowRY, afterwards Lowry-Corry, of Ahenis in that
VI«;rnTTTsrTrY n 1 co.,(M.P. for co. Tyrone 1748-68) by Sarah, 2nd sister
L ■-' and coh. of Col. Leshe Corry, of Castle Coole afsd.,
I n and da. of John Corry, was b. 7 Apr. 1740. M.P.
' ^' for CO. Tyrone 1768-81 ; J«c. his father 28 Dec. 1769;
FART TiniVI n ^ Sheriff of Tyrone that year, and of co. Fermanagh,
L ■-' 1779- He sue. to the estate of the Corry family, at
y Castle Coole, in 1774, when he assumed the name
'"'' of Corry in addition to that of Lowry, and on 6 Jan.
1 78 1, was cr. BARON BELMORE OF CASTLE COOLE, co. Fermanagh
[I.], taking his seat as such 4 Feb. 1782. On 6 Dec. 1789 he was cr.
if) His illegit. s., the abovenamed Charles Coote, of Donnybrook, h. 1765,
inherited the Baronetcy under the spec. rem. in the patent of 1774 abovenamed.
('') See an account of his will in Complete Baronetage, vol. v, p. 169, note (b).
In The Abbey of Kilkhampton, a rather scandalous account of the aristocracy, which
had a great vogue in its day, by Sir Herbert Croft, 1780, pp. 50-51, regret is
expressed that his virtues had not " kept Pace with his Comliness or his Bravery."
In 1786, he and some woman appear as "The Hibernian Seducer and the Maid of
Sensibility," in the tete-a-tete portraits in Town is' Country Mag., vol. xviii, p. 457.
See Appendix B in the last volume. From a letter of the Marquess of Buckingham
(then Lord Lieut. [I.]), 13 May 1789, in which he is spoken of as "that madman,"
it appears that he was then separated from his wife, and that the King had desired
him to take her back to his house. "A man of gallantry and high spirits; he fought
a duel with the present Marquis Townshend [2 Feb. 1773], in which he was badly
wounded. His Lordship is possessed of a strong mind, some reading and much obser-
vation: he opposes the Union, although a member of the Privy Council. As a speaker
he is of little consideration; his manner is disgustingly pompous. . . . His Lordship
publishes his own speeches!" {Sketches of Irish Political Character, 1799). One of his
"gallantries " appears to have been the seduction of a respectable tradesman's daughter
under cover of a sham marriage, his servant performing the service disguised as a parson.
In the duel referred to above he received a severe bullet wound in the groin. V.G.
BELMORE III
VISCOUNT BELMORE [!.],(=') and, finally, on 20 Nov. 1797, was
fr.(b) EARL BELMORE [l.].{') Hem., istly, 3 Oct. 1772, Margaret, ist
da. of Somerset Hamilton (Butler), ist Earl of Carrick [L], by Juliana,
1st da. of Henry (Boyle), ist Earl of Shannon [L]. She was k 23 Jan.
1748, and d. Apr. 1775. He ;;;., 2ndly, 2 Mar. 1780, at Dublin Castle,
(with a fortune of ^^30,000) Harriet or Henrietta, ist da. and coh. of John
(Hobart), 2nd Earl of Buckinghamshire, at that time Lord Lieut. [L],
by his 1st wife, Mary Anne, da. and coh. of Sir Thomas Drury, Bart.
She, who was l>. in London, 7 Apr. and l>ap. at Blickling 4 May 1762, was
divorced by act of Pari. ('^) Apr. 1793. Hew., 3rdly, 1 1 Mar. 1794 (spec,
lie), at Bath, Mary Anne, ist da. of Sir James Caldwell, 4th Bart. [I. 1683],
of Castle Caldwell, co. Fermanagh, by Elizabeth, da. of Josiah Hort,
Archbishop of Tuam. He J. 2 Feb. 1802, at Bath, and was I?ur. at
Caledon, Ireland, aged 6i.(*) Will pr. 1802.0 His widow, who was i.
17 Apr. 1755, d- 13 Dec. 1841, at Bath, aged 86, and was iur. at Caledon
afsd. Admon. May 1842.
II. 1802. 2. Somerset (Lowry-Corry), Earl Belmore, fife. [I.],
2nd, but only surv. s. and h. hy ist wife, ^.11 July, in
Sackville Str., Dublin, and i'ap. at St. Thomas's there, 8 Aug. 1774. M.P.
(Tory) for co. Tyrone 1797-1802. Rep. Peer [I.] 1819-41. Custos
Rot. of CO. Tyrone 18 19-41. Capt. Gen. and Gov. in Chief of Jamaica,
1828-32. He m., 20 Oct. 1800 (spec, lie), at Mount Juliet, Juliana, 2nd
da. of his maternal uncle, Henry Thomas (Butler), 2nd Earl of Carrick
[I.], by Sarah, 2nd da. and coh. of Edward Taylor, of Askeyton, co.
Limerick. He d. at Leamington Spa, 18, and was ^«r. 29 Apr. 1841, at
Caledon, aged 66. His widow, who was l>. 20 Sep. 1783, d. at Green
Park, Rostrevor, 22, and was l>ur. 27 July 1861, at Caledon.
III. 1 841. 3. Armar (Lowry-Corry), Earl Belmore, &'c. [I.],
s. and h., ^.23 Dec. 1801, at Granby Row, Dublin, ^ryW
Viscount CoRRY (8) till 1 84 1. Matric. Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 8 Apr. 1820. M.P.
(Tory) for co. Fermanagh 1823-31, and Sheriff of that co. 1832. He »/.,
(") As to his Viscountcy, the Lord Lieut. (Buckingham) writes that he is engaged
to obtain " one Viscountcy, in favour of Lord Belmore, a penitent Baron, who ... is
to purchase his promotion with one seat which he gives me." V.G.
(*") For particulars of the creations and promotions in the Irish Peerage shortly
before and at the time of the Union [I.], and remarks thereon, see vol. iii,
Appendix H. V.G.
(•=) See note sub Charles, Earl Cadogan [1800].
{^) She m. (as his ist wife) 14 (of the same month, i.e.) Apr. 1793, William
(Kerr), 6th Marquess of Lothian [S.], and d. 14 July 1805, leaving issue by him.
(^) His Irish estates are said, in 1799, to have been worth ;^i 2,000 p.a. For a
list of the largest resident Irish landlords at that date, sEe vol. iv, Appendix C.
(') He (as also his successor in title) honourably, if mistakenly, opposed the
Union, though one result of that measure was to put ^^30,000 into his pocket as
compensation for his two nomination boroughs, then disfranchised. V.G.
(«) For some remarks on the practice generally prevailing in the use of Courtesy
titles, see vol. iv, Appendix E. V.G.
112 BELMORE
27 May 1834, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Emily Louise, yst. da. of William
Shepherd, of Brabourne, Kent, by Anne Lovel, da. of Thomas Dawson,
of Edwardston Hall, Suffolk. He d. at Castle Coole, 17, and was bur.
11 Dec. 1845, at Caledon, aged nearly 44. Will dat. 1842, pr. 6 Apr.
1846, under ^3,000. His widow, who was b. 3 May 18 14, in Russell
Sq., Bloomsbury, d. 3 Jan. 1904, at 95 Eaton Place, in her 90th year.
Will pr. above ;£ 17,000.
IV. 1845. 4. Somerset Richard (Lowry-Corry), Earl Belmore
[1797], Viscount Belmore [1789], and Baron Belmore
[1781] [I.], s. and h., b. 9 Apr. 1835, in Bruton Str., Midx. Ed. at
Eton, and at Trin. Coll. Cambridge; B.A. 1856; M.A. Rep. Peer [I.],
Jan. 1857. Under Sec. for the Home department, July 1 866 to July 1 867.
P.C. [I.], 17 Sep. 1867. Governor of New South Wales, 22 Aug. 1867
to Feb. 1872; K.C.M.G., 22 Mar. 1872. One of the Lords Justices of
Ireland, 1885, 1890, 1891, 1895, and 1896. G.C.M.G., i Jan. 1890.
Lord Lieut, of co. Tyrone 1892. A Conservative in politics. (^) He m.,
22 Aug. 1 861, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Anne Elizabeth Honoria,('') 2nd da.
of John Neilson Gladstone, of Bowden Park, Wilts, Capt. R.N., by
Elizabeth Honoria, sister of Thomas, ist Lord Deramore, and da. of Sir
Robert Bateson, ist Bart., of Belvoir Park, co. Down. She was b.22 Dec.
1 84 1, in Brunswick Sq., Brighton.
[Armar Lowry-Corry, ^/jy/f^ Viscount Corry, s. and h. ap., b. 5 May
1870, at the Government House, Sydney, New South Wales, and bap. in
the Cathedral there. Ed. at Winchester 1883, and at Trin. Hall, Cam-
bridge; M.A. Sheriff of CO. Fermanagh 1895. Sometime Capt. Innis-
killing Fusiliers.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 14,388 acres in co.
Tyrone, and of 5,041 in co. Fermanagh. Total, 19,429 acres valued at
;^ 1 1 ,0 1 5 a year. Principal Residence. — Castle Coole, near Enniskillen, co.
Fermanagh.
BELPER
BARONY. I. Edward Strutt, of Kingston Hall, Notts, only s.
, . , and h. of William S.,(') of St. Helen's House, Derby, (who
^ ' d. 2,0 Dec. 1830) by Barbara, da. of Thomas Evans, of
Derby afsd., b.26 Oct. 1 801, at Derby. Ed. at Cambridge, and Pres. of the
Union Soc. i82i.(^) B.A. 1823, M.A. 1826, LL.D. 1862; M.P. (Liberal)
(^) He is now (19 10) the senior Rep. Peer [I.] and senior member of the Irish
Privy Council. V.G.
(^) She is niece of William Ewart Gladstone, the statesman. V.G.
(■=) This William was s. of Jedediah S., the inventor of various improvements in
machinery, and partner of Sir William Arkwright. V.G.
(^) For a list of Peers who were Presidents of the Union Society at Oxford, or
at Cambridge, see vol. iv, Appendix F.
BELPER 113
for Derby, 1830-48; for Arundel, 1851-52; for Nottingham, 1852-56;
Chief Commissioner of Railways, 1 846-48; P. C. 30 Oct. 1846. High Sheriff
of Notts, 1850; Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, Dec. 1852 to June
1854. On 29 Aug. 1856, he was cr. BARON BELPER OF BELPER, co.
Derby. Pres. of Univ. Coll. London, 1871-79. F.R.S. 22 Mar. i860. Lord
Lieut, of Notts 1864 till his death. He m., 28 Mar. 1837, at St. James's,
Westm., Amelia Harriet, yst. da. of William Otter, Bishop of Chichester,
by Nancy Sadleir, da. of William Bruere, Secretary to the Government of
Calcutta. He d. 30 June 1880, at 75 Eaton Sq., in his 79th year. His
widow d. suddenly, 12 Dec. 1890, at Milford House, Belper.
IL 1880. 2. Henry (Strutt), Baron Belper, 2nd,(*) but ist
surv. s. and h., b. 20 May 1840, bap. at St. Geo., Han.
Sq. ; ed. at Harrow school, and at Trin. Coll. Cambridge; LL.B., 1863;
LL.M. 1867; M.P. (Liberal) for East Derbyshire, 1868-74; foi" Ber-
wick, Apr. to June i88o.('') P.C. 16 July 1895. Capt. Gent, at Arms
1 895-1 906. Yeomanry A.D.C. to Queen Victoria and to Kings Ed-
ward VII and George V since 1 894; " formerly head of the well-known firm
of W. G. and J. Strutt, one of the oldest in the cotton trade. "('^) He m.,
2 May 1874, at Holkham, Norfolk, Margaret, 6th da. of Thomas William
(Coke), 2nd Earl of Leicester of Holkham, by his ist wife, Juliana, ist
da. of Samuel Charles Whitbread, of Cardington, Beds. She was b. at
Holkham 24 Apr., and bap. there 30 May 1852.
[Algernon Henry Strutt, 3rd but ist surv. s.('') and h. ap., b.
6 May 1883; Lieut. 2nd Life Guards.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of about 3,000 acres in
Notts, about 2,000 in co. Leicester, and about 250 in co. Derby. Total,
5,226, worth ^11,302 a year. Principal Residence. — Kingston Hall, near
Kegworth, co. Derby.
BELTON
See "Brownlow of Belton, co. Lincoln," Barony (Cust), cr. 1776.
BELTURBET
i.e. " Pope of Belturbet, co. Cavan," Barony [L] (Pope). See
"DowNE," Earldom of [L], cr. 1628, extinct 1668.
i.e. " Verney of Belturbet, co. Cavan," Barony [I.] (Verney). See
"Fermanagh," Viscountcy [L], cr. 1703, extinct 1791.
(^) His 1st br., William, d. at Bonn, 19 Jan. 1856, aged 17.
C") He remained a Unionist in 1886.
(') Dod's Peerage^ 1 897- He is one of the numerous peers who are or have been
directors of public companies. For a list of these (in 1896) see vol. v, Appendix C.
{^) The 1st s., William, h. 8 Feb. 1875, d. unm. 5 Oct. 1898; the 2nd s.,
Reginald Edward, b. 12 July 1881, d. 10 May 1888. V.G.
16
114 BELVIDERE
BELVIDERE
EARLDOM [I.] I. Robert Rochfort, s. and h. of the Rt. Hon.
J ^ George R., of Gaulstown, co. Westmeath, by Elizabeth,
'^ * yst. da. of Henry (Moore), 3rd Earl of Drogheda
[I.], was b. 26 Mar. 1708; sue. his father 8 July 1730, in whose room he
was elected M.P. for co. Westmeath, 25 Oct. 1731. He was rr., 16 Mar.
1737/8, BARON BELFIELD, of co. Westmeath [1.], taking his seat as
such on the 27th of the same month. P.C. [1.] 12 Dec. 1749. On 5 Oct.
1 75 1 he was cr. VISCOUNT BELFIELD, of co. Westmeath [I.], talcing
his seat as such, 7 Nov. following. On 29 Nov. 1756 he was cr. EARL
OF BELVIDERE, of co. Westmeath [I.], and took his seat as such,
2 Nov. 1757. Muster Master Gen. [I.] 1764 till his death. He m., istly,
16 Dec. 1 73 1, Elizabeth, ist da. of Richard Tenison, of Thomastown, co.
Louth, Commissioner of the Revenue, by Margaret, da. and h. of William
Barton, of Thomastown afsd. She d. s.p., 5 June 1 732, in London, of the
small-pox. He w., 2ndly, 7 Aug. 1736, Mary, ist da. of Richard (Moles-
worth), 3rd Viscount Molesworth [I.], by his ist wife, Jane, da. of ( — )
Lucas, of Dublin. He d. 13 Nov. 1774, at Belvidere, aged 66. Will
pr. 1774, Prerog. Ct. [Lj-O His wife survived him.
II. 1774 2. George (Rochfort), Earl of Belvidere [1756],
to Viscount Belfield [1751], and Baron Belfield [1738]
1814. [I.], s. and h., by 2nd wife, b. 12 Oct. 1738. Styled
Viscount Belfield 1756-74. M.P. for Philipstown
1758-61, and for co. Westmeath 1761-74. Sheriff of Westmeath 1762;
a Gov. of Westmeath 1772 till his death. Grand Master of Freemasons
[I.] 1774-76. On 24 Oct. 1775, he took his seat in the House of
Lords [I.], and, on 7 June I776,('') obtained a pension of ;^8oo a year in
consideration of his own and his father's services. He m., istly, 20 Aug.
1775, Dorothea, 2nd da. of John Bloomfield, of Redwood, King's County,
by Jane, da. of Brig. Gen. George Jocelyn. She d. 6 Apr. 1803. He
m., 2ndly, by spec, lie, 10 Nov. 1 803, Jane, da. of the Rev. James Mackay,
of Phibsborough, co. Dublin. He d. s.p., 13 May 18 14, in Gt. Denmark
Str., Dublin, in his 76th year, when all his Peerage titles became extinct.(^)
(") Of him and his 2nd wife Mrs. Delany writes, Mar. \j 4.2/4, thus: — "He
has discovered an intrigue, and they say he has come to England in search of him....
he is very well bred and very well in his person and manner; his wife is locked up in
one of his houses in Ireland, with a strict guard over her, and they say he is so
miserable as to love her even now; she is extremely handsome and has many personal
accomplishments. ' A fairer person lost not heaven.' " V.G.
C") Sir John Blaquiere writes of him in 1775, as "left very embarrassed in his
circumstances, and from his distress must consequently be dependent on the Crown."
V.G.
{') This was one of the three extinctions used, in accordance with the Act of
Union, for the creation of the Barony of Garvagh [I.], 28 Oct. 1818.
BELVIDERE 115
His widow m., 14 Dec. 18 15, at Dublin, Abraham Boyd,(*) K.C, and d.
there about Dec. 1836.
BELVOIR
See "Rocs of Hamlake, Trusbutt, and Belvoir," Barony [Manners,
Earl of Rutland), cr. 1616, extinct 1632.
i.e. "RoosoF Belvoir, co. Leicester" (Manners, Duke of Rutland),
cr. 1896. See "Rutland," Dukedom of, cr. 1703, under the 7th Duke.
See "Deramore of Belvoir, co. Down," Barony (Bateson), cr. 1885.
BENEDERALOCH
i.e. "Glenurchy, Benederaloch, Ormelie, and Weick," Barony of
[S.] {Campbell). See " Breadalbane," Earldom of [S.], cr. 1861 with the
precedency of 1677.
BENHALE
BARONY BY i. Robert of Benhale, distinguished himself as early
WRIT. as 1336 in the French and Flemish wars. He was sum.
T ^ to Pari., on 3 Apr. (1360) 34 Edw. Ill, by writ directed
•^ Roberto de Benhale., whereby he may be held to have become
p ° LORD BENHALE.C") He was not sum. subsequently.
4 4- j^g jy^ ^ before (1342) 16 Edw. Ill, Eve,(') usually said
to have been widow, but apparently only mistress, of Sir James AudleYjC^)
widow of Sir Thomas of Ufford, and before that of Thomas Audley,
and da. and h. of John of Clavering [2nd Lord Clavering], by Hawise,
da. of Robert de Tibetot. She d. 20 Sep. 1369, {Jnq. p. m. 45(')
Edw. Ill) and was bur. (as were her 3 husbands and Sir James A. afsd.)
(^) Her s., by that marriage, George Augustus Boyd, of Middleton Park, co.
Westmeath, inherited, through his mother, a great part of the estates of the Rochfort
family, and assumed, by Royal lie. 16 Nov. 1867, the name of Rochfort-Boyd, and
the arms of Boyd and Rochfort; another portion devolved on the descendants of
Jane, Countess of Lancsborough [I.], (the only child who had issue of the 1st Earl
of Belvidere) of which descendants Charles Brinsley Marley inherited the estate of
Belvidere abovenamed, and had Royal lie. 30 Nov, 1 867, to assume the name and
arms of Rochfort, though he did not assume the name."
(*") As to how far these early writs of summons did in fact create any Peerage
title, see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
i^) See iuh John, Lord Clavering [1299].
(d) See vol. i, p. 348, note "a."
('') "Not 43, as in Courthope.
ii6 BENHALE
at Langley Abbey, Norfolk. He survived her and d. s.p., in or about, and
not later than, 1404, when the Barony became exnnct.{^)
BEREHAVEN or BEARHAVEN
See "Chetwynd of Bearhaven, co. Cork," Viscountcy [I.] (Chet-
wynd), cr. 171 7.
BEREHAVEN
Frances, widow of Sir George Hamilton, sister of Sarah, Duchess
of Marlborough, and elder da. and coh. of Richard Jennings, of Sand-
ridge, Herts, became in 1679 wife of Richard Talbot, afterwards Earl
OF Tyrconnell; she was intended in 1677 to have been cr. Countess of
Bantry C") or Countess of Berehaven [I.],^) but no patent ever passed
the seals. See "Tyrconnell," Earldom [I.], cr. 1685.
BERESFORD OF ALBUERA AND DUNG AR VAN,
AND BERESFORD OF BERESFORD
BARONY. I. William Carr Beresford, illegit. sonC) of
(^) His arms were, Gules a fer de moulin Argent, over all a bendlet Azure.
These were the same as those borne by Sir Guy de Ferre, a distinguished man of
Gascon origin, and the two owned adjoining manors in Suffolk, known as Benhall and
Benhall Sir Robert. It seems quite possible that Sir Robert was a member of Sir
Guy's family, but dropped his foreign name when he settled in England, and called
himself after his Suffolk place. The fact that (like Melchizedek) nothing is known
of his parentage, also points to his having been of foreign extraction. The two
abovementioned Benhall manors both passed to the Ufford family, which again suggests
kindred between Ferre and Benhale. [ex inform. Arthur Crawley Boevey). V.G.
(*>) In an MS. entitled "Irish Nobility " [circa 1690-1710 ? by Peter le Neve ?)
penes Sir Arthur Vicars, she appears as " Countess of Bantry." [ex inform. G. D.
Burtchaell). "18 June 1677. Reference to the Lord Treasurer of the petition of
the Countess of Bantry for a pension which she was informed after marriage to Sir
G. Hamilton his Majesty would grant her, if she outlived him." [State Papers Dom.,
Entry Book 46, p. 187). V.G.
if) 9 July 1677. Warrant to the Earl of Peterborough, Deputy E.M., after
reciting the creation of Dame Frances Hamilton, the relict of Sir G. Hamilton, to
be Countess of Berehaven in Ireland, ordaining that Elizabeth, Mary Frances, and
Henrietta Hamilton, the daughters of the said Sir George Hamilton, should enjoy
the privilege and precedence of the daughters of a Countess of Ireland. [State Papers
Dom., Entry Book 4GA, f. 209). [ex inform, the Marquis de Ruvigny). V.G.
1^) Another illegit. son was Admiral Sir John Poo Beresford, Bart., K.C.B., who
d. 2 Oct. 1844. G.E.C. T. Creevey writes, "their mother is unknown, but there
is a notion they were Lady Waterford's before her marriage." V.G.
BERESFORD 117
I. 18 14. George de la Poer (Beresford), ist Marquess of
Waterford [I.], b. 2 Oct. 1768, ed. at Catterick Bridge
VISCOUNTCY. and York, and (1785) at the military school at Stras-
burg; Ensign, 6th Foot, 1785; Capt., 69th Foot,
I. 1823 1791 > Major, 1794; in which capacities he was at the
to taking of Toulon, 1793, and of Bastia, 1795; served as
1854. Lieut. Col. under Baird in Egj^pt, in 1799; and at the
re-conquest of the Cape of Good Hope; Col. in the
Army 1800; in 1806 was taken prisoner at Buenos Ayres, but escaped in
1807; was in command at the taking of Madeira in 1807; Col. of the
88th Foot, 1807-19; Col. 69th Foot, 1819-23; Col. i6th Foot, 1823-54;
and Col. in Chief 60th Rifles, 1852-54; Gov. of Madeira, for the King
of Portugal, 1807-08; Major Gen. in 1808, when he served under
Moore in Spain and was at the battle of Corunna, 16 Jan. 1809. He was
also under Wellington as "Marshal commanding" in Portugal in 1808,
and greatly distinguished himself by his services in organising the Portu-
guese forces; was in command at the battle of Sierra Busaco, 27 Aug.
1 8 10, for which, on 16 Oct. following he was made K.B. (invest. 7 Nov.),
and subsequently, 16 May 181 1,(^) gained the bloody victory of Albuera
(against Marshal Soult), for which he received the thanks of Pari, on
6 June. He was also present at the battles of Badajos, Salamanca (where he
was severely wounded), Vittoria, the Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, and Orthez.
In the Kingdom of Portugal he was "Marshal GeneraV (Field Marshal),
and was cr. (by decree of 13 May) 19 Oct. 181 1, Count of Trancoso,
and, on 19 Oct. 18 11, made Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword.
Lieut. Gen. 1 8 1 2 ; on 17 Dec. 1 8 1 2 he was further cr. Marquis of Campo
Mayor [Portugal]. In Spain he is said to have been cr. Duke of Elvas,
being "Captain General" of that Kingdom, and 24 July 18 15, was
made Grand Cross of St. Ferdinand, and 17 May 18 17, Grand Cross of
St. Hermengilde. In Sicily he was a Knight of St. Ferdinand and Merit.
Finally, in his own country, after being M.P. (Tory) for co. Water-
ford, 1811-14, and Governor of Cork, 181 1-20, he was, 17 May
18 14, cr. BARON BERESFORD OF ALBUERA AND DUNGAR-
VANjC) CO. W^aterford. G.C.B. 2 Jan. 1815; G.C.H., 18 18. Governor
if) Notwithstanding that he "had many reasons to be proud of the day," having
" personally distinguished himself" and having prevented Marshal Soult from making
the advance on Lisbon which Napoleon had directed, it has been said that in the
battle of Albuera " the tactics of the General were almost beneath contempt."
Some such view was entertained by Col. Napier, who generally disparaged Tory
generals, and the matter was controverted "in a very bitter tone on both sides"
between him and Lord Beresford. — See Diet. Nat. Biog. Against Napier's opinion
should be set that of Wellington, who wrote to Lord Bathurst, 2 Dec. 181 2, "all
that I can tell you is that the ablest man I have yet seen with the army, and the one
having the largest views, is Beresford." He appears in truth to have been a very
gallant fellow, even if not a first rate Commander. V.G.
C") For remarks on this and similar titles chosen to commemorate foreign
achievements, see vol. iii, Appendix E. When the Peninsular War was over and
ii8 BERESFORD
of Jersey, 1820-54; P.C. 6 Feb. 1821. On 28 Mar. 1823 he was cr.
VISCOUNT BERESFORD OF BERESFORD, co. Stafford. Lieut.
Gen. of the Ordnance, 1823-24; General in the Army, 1825; Master
Gen. of the Ordnance, 1828-30, and as such, Gov. of the Mihtary
Academy of Woolwich, i^c. He ?«. (by spec, lie), 29 Nov. 1832, at her
father's house in Curzon Str., Mayfair, Midx., Louisa, widow of Thomas
HoPE,(*) of Deepdene, Surrey, and da. of William (Beresford), ist Lord
Decies [I.], Archbishop of Tuam, by Elizabeth, sister of John, ist Earl
OF Clare [I.], and da. of John Fitz-Gibbon, of Mount Shannon, co.
Limerick. She d. 21 July 1 851, at Bedgebury Park, Kent, and was bur. at
Kilndown, in the parish of Goudhurst. Will pr. Sep. 1851. He d. s.p.
legit., at Bedgebury Park afsd., 8, and was bur. 17 Jan. 1854, aged 85, at
the new church of Kilndown (which was erected in 1840 principally at
his own cost), when all his titles became extinct. Will dat. 21 Jan.
iSfijC) pr. Feb. 1854.
BERESFORD co. StafFord
See " Beresford of Beresford, co. Stafford," Viscountcy (Beresford),
cr. 1823, extinct 1854,
BERGAVENNY see ABERGAVENNY
BERKELEY(0
Observations. — On account of the notoriety of this dignity and to assist
Wellington was cr. a Duke, his five most conspicuous Lieutenants, Cotton, Hill,
Graham, Hope, and Beresford, were cr. Barons (Combermere, Hill, Lynedoch, Niddry,
and Beresford), and the sum of ;^2,ooo a year each for themselves and their two im-
mediate successors in the respective Baronies, was granted by Pari, in the same year.
(^) Author of the well-known work Anastasiiu.
(^) By it he devised his English estates, viz. Bedgebury Park, Kent, and Beres-
ford Hall, CO. StafFord (which, as having been the cradle of the House of Beresford, he
had purchased), to (the yst. of the three sons of his wife) Alexander James Beresford-
Hope, afterwards the Rt. Hon. A. J. B. Beresford-Hope. His Irish estates he left to
his nephew, Denis William Pack, afterwards D. W. Pack-Beresford, of Fenagh
Lodge, CO. Carlow, 2nd s. of Major Gen. Sir Denis Pack, K.C.B., by Elizabeth
Louisa, da. (born in wedlock) of testator's father, George de la Poer (Beresford), 1st
Marquess of Waterford [I.] abovenamed.
(') In 1885 the Livei of the Berkeleys, Lords of the Honour, Castle and Manor of
Berkeley from 1066 to 161 8, with a description of the Hundred of Berkeley and its inhab-
itants, by John Smyth of Nibley, were ably edited by Sir John Maclean, F.S.A., isfc.
(for the Bristol and Glouc. Archaeological Society) in 3 vols. The original MS. is in
3 vols, folio, containing 933 closely written pages, and is preserved at Berkeley Castle,
and it is well said in the transactions of the Bristol and Glouc. Arch. Soc. (vol. v,
1880-81) that "it is scarcely possible to over-estimate the archaeological value and
importance of such a compilation as this."
BERKELEY 119
in forming a judgment as to how far, by analogy with times past, the
possession of the Honour, Castle and Manor of Berkeley can be supposed,
in more modern times, to have constituted a Barony by tenure, (in the sense
of an hereditary Peerage dignity') a brief account is here given (as was done in
the somewhat similar case of Abergavenny) of its possessors previous to
1295, the date when the (then) possessor was sum. to Pari, by writ as a
Baron.
" Of the few instances " says Sir N. H. Nicolas [Nicolas, p. 21] "that
afford grounds for considering that the dignity of a Baron was attached to
territorial possessions after the reign of Edward I, the Barony of Berkeley
is undoubtedly the strongest, and is consequently the most deserving of
attention. Until (1295) 23 Edw. I, the ancestors of Thomas de Berkeley,
who in that year was sum. to Pari., were unquestionably Barons of the realm
by tenure of the Castle and Honor of Berkeley."
It may, however, be urged with great force that, before the period
when a writ of summons converted a Barony into a personal instead of a
territorial dignity, the owner of this demesne though doubtless a Feudal
Baron, was nothing more, and was not (as is implied by Nicolas) a Peer " of
the Realm."
In the Lords' Reports, vol. iii, p. 92, it is stated that " a right to be
sum. to Pari, by reason of tenure of any land denominated at any time a
Barony does not appear by any document which the Committee have
discovered to have been asserted in the reign of Edward I, or any of his
successors, till the claim made by Edward Nevill in respect of his possession
of the Barony of Bergavenny, in the reign of James I." In the instance
of " Berkeley," no such claim was advanced //// the reign of Charles II,
but it may elucidate the matter (before setting out the succession in full)
to give a short sketch of the position of that Barony from the writ of
1295 to 1661.
In July 141 7 by the death, s.p.m., of Thomas, Lord Berkeley, (heir
gen. of the Baron first sum. to Pari, by writ in 1295) James Berkeley, his
nephew and heir male (not however his h. gen.), sue. after 4 years' contro-
versy to the Berkeley estate under an entail, and then and not //// then
(though he was of full age at his uncle's death) was (Oct. 142 1) sum. to
Pari, as a Baron. William, Marquess of Berkeley, s. and h. of this James,
</. Sep. 1492, having settled the said estate on King Henry VII and the
heirs male of his body. Maurice Berkeley, br. and h. to the Marquess
(and h. to any Barony in fee cr. by the writ of 142 1, though not to that of
1295), was never sum. to Pari, as a Baron, but Maurice, his s. and h., is
said to have been so sum. 14 Hen. VIII, but d. s.p. a few months after-
wards (Sep. 1523), when his Peerage, if cr. {de novo) by the writ (of 1523)
to himself, would have become extinct. This supposition, however, is made
unlikely by the issuing of a writ of summons as a Baron, at the very next
Pari. (1529) 21 Hen. VIII, to Thomas Berkeley, his br. and h., which writ,
unless an ancient Barony was vested by descent in him, would have acted
as a new creation of that date. Now though the precedency of this Lord
I20 BERKELEY
cannot be ascertained,(*) that of Thomas, his s. and h., is on record. This
Thomas, who was sum. as a Baron (1534) 25 Hen. VIII, was placed
between Lord Zouche (1307.'') and Lord Morley (1299.'') being the third
Baron C") on the Roll. It must be borne in mind that since 1492 none of
these Lords abovementioned were in possession of the estate of Berkeley^
but, in 1553, Henry, Lord Berkeley, s. and h. of the last Baron, sue.
thereto, whereby, according to Dugdale and others, he acquired the original
Barony of the family, yet this Baron's position in the House of Lords
(excepting as to some varying and unimportant alterations) was then in no
way advanced. (')
In May 1661, George, Lord Berkeley, great-grandson and h. of the
abovenamed Henry, petitioned for a higher place in Pari, than that which
had been assigned to him, claiming precedence (firstly) of the Lord Dela-
warr('^) and (secondly) of the Lords Abergavenny and Audley, and founding
his claim on his Barony being one by tenure. In this claim he asserted as
a fact (that which, as abovementioned, is certainly not proved to be so) that
Maurice Berkeley, said to have been sum. as a Baron in 1522, szt,in conse-
quence of his not possessing the Castle, &'c., " no otherwise than as a Puisne Baron."
In this petition, if correctly given in Cruise, the whole of the controversy,
temp. Henry V, between the h. gen. (the Earl of Warwick) and the h. male
is omitted, as also is (the very important point, viz.) the " ranking " of
Thomas, Lord Berkeley (who did not own the Castle, tfc), as the third
Baron on the roll, in (1534) 25 Hen. VIII; these are dishonest suppressions
oi facts that considerably militate against the justice of the claim. "Although
this claim was before the house till 1673," says Courthope, "no decision was
if) " Antecedent to I Hen. VIII, there are no means of ascertaining correctly
the precedency given to Peers; and, as the fournah between 7 and 25 Hen. VIII
are not now extant, and, as between I and 7 Hen. VIII no Baron Berkeley was sum.
to Pari., the earliest entry of a Baron Berkeley in the fournah is in 25 Hen. VIII."
— See Nicolas, p. xxviii, note.
i^) " With the exception of Lord Zouche being improperly placed above him,
it is certain that he sat in the place of the ancient Barony; for on no other grounds
could he have been placed above Lord Morley." See Nicolas, pp. 3 to 12, being a
very elaborate treatise on " Baronies by tenure." It should be remarked however
that the " ranking " of these early Barons was, apparently, quite anomalous. See
vol. i, Appendix D.
if) So far from any accession of dignity, he was " in 4 and 5 Ph. and Mary, and
even after his controversy with the Lord Willoughby, 39 Eliz., assigned a lower prece-
dency than had been allowed to his father, who was not possessed of the Castle." —
See Courthope, p. 56, note "c."
('^) "The precedency of the Barony of Berkeley under the writ ot (1295) 23
Edw. I, is certainly above that of La Warr, which was cr. by the writ of 6 Feb. (1299)
27 Edw. I, [but] the claim was not grounded on that circumstance, probably because,
if it was admitted to be a Barony by tenure, it would give its possessor a precedency
over every Baron who was not then seized of such lands as constituted his ancestors
Barons of the Realm before the reign of Henry I." — See Nicolas, \ xxix. It seems
however not impossible that the then impression was that the Barony of De la Warr
was cr. 8 June 1294, by a summons which is not now considered as a regular writ
BERKELEY 121
come to upon it, and it must be concluded that he (the Petitioner) did not
establish his pretensions to sit in the precedence of the original writ."
The elevation of the claimant to an Earldom 6 years afterwards (1679),
was probably a convenient way of getting rid of the matter. In 18 10, on
the death of the 5th Earl of Berkeley, the Barony of Berkeley (as also his
other titles) became (and till 1893 continued) dormant; the Castle of
Berkeley, ^c, having been inherited, under settlement, by his ist s.,
William FitzHardinge Berkeley, whose legitimacy has never been estab-
lished. This William in 1823 claimed the Barony of Berkeley as a
Peerage by tenure, which claim (after the usual references) was heard by the
Committee for Privileges in 1829 and 1830, but was prosecuted no
further, inasmuch as the Petitioner had in 1831 been cr. Baron Segrave and
was in 1841 cr. Earl FitzHardinge. He d. unm., 10 Oct. 1857, and was
sue. in the Berkeley estate by his next br. (whose legitimacy was likewise
unproved), Admiral Sir Maurice Frederick FitzHardinge Berkeley. He,
also, claimed in 1858 the Barony of Berkeley as a Peerage by tenure, but
judgment was pronounced, 26 Feb. 1861, to the effect that he had not
proved such claim. On 5 Aug. following he was raised to the Peerage as
Baron FitzHardinge, and was sue., 17 Oct. 1867, by his s. and h., in that
dignity and in the Berkeley estates.
The Barony of Berkeley and the precedency thereof is treated of by
Smyth in his Lives of the Berkeleys, vol. ii, p. 48, ^c, whether (i) from the
grant in the first year of Hen. II, (2) from the death of Thomas (the
last h. gen.) s.p.m. in 141 7, or (3) from the writ of (1523) 14 Hen. VIII. (")
The view of "Smyth of Nibley" on such a subject is perhaps worth
mentioning. Briefly analysed it is as under. — ■
"That till the time of King Richard I, or of King John, each man to
whom the Crown gave lands to hold by knight service in capite was thereby
made a Baron and Peere of the Realme and had voice in Pari."
That supposing any Baron makes alienation thereof "^y /zV^«Ci?" and
(not "for money or other recompense to a meer stranger," but) "for the
continuance of the Barony in his name and blood or issue male, then have
such issues male together with the Barony (bee it Castle, Manor or House
soe holden), held alsoe and lawfully enjoyed the name, style, title and
dignity of a Baron with their ancestor's place of precedency ; and thereof
the heires generall or next heires female have been utterly excluded and
debarred." He then quotes the following cases in support thereof.
I. Ferrers, Baron of Groby ; a Lordship bestowed by Margaret
(Countess of Derby) on her second son William Ferrers,
who d. 1283 [but in this case no Peerage Barony appears to
have existed till the writ of 1300- issued to the s. of the said
William].
(') It is to be remarked that the writ of (1421) 9 Hen. V (of which the succeed-
ing Lords were unquestionably heirs) is not mentioned. Smyth, probably, considered
that it was issued ex debito to James Berkeley, as owner of the Castle.
17
122 BERKELEY
II. "Walleron, Baron of Killpeck," i Edw. I.
III. "Haiidlowe alias Burnell," Baron of Holgate temp. Edw. Ill,
IV. The entail of the Castle and Manor of Warwick in tail male,
1 8 Edw. Ill, excluding the granddaughters and coheirs of
the entailer [no Peerage dignity, however, herein seems
involved].
V. The entail of the Castle, fe'c, of Arundel, in tail male,
21 Edw. Ill, whereby "John, Lord Maltravers was Earl of
Arundle after the death of Thomas, the Earle, who d. s.p.
(141 5) 5 Hen. V," leaving sisters and coheirs.
VI. The entail of the Honour and county of Oxford in tail male by
John, Earl of Oxford, 18 Hen. VIII, so that " John de Vere
his next heir male was Earl of Oxford, by reason of the said
entail." [but query if such be the reason].
VII. The entail by Lord Paget, 5 Mary [the true date is the morrow
of the Trinity], of his Baronies and Manors in tail male, so
that "by virtue of the said fine" Thomas Paget, the h.
male, was sum. to Pari, as a Baron on the death of his br.
Henry Paget, who left a da. and h., though such da. did
not long survive.
VIII. The entail of Robert, Lord Ogle (1553-58) in tail male.
He had two sons by two respective wives, the yr. of whom
sue. the elder (to the exclusion of a sister of the whole
blood of the said elder son) and received a writ of summons
in 1563.
IX. De la Warr ; whereby on the death in 1426 of Thomas, Lord
De la Warr, "by reason of a fine leavyed in the time of his
ancestors of the Barony" he was sue. by his nephew of the
half h\ooil (Reginald West), who "^j reason of the entaile
afsd. was sum. to Pari, by the name of Lord de la Ware" to the
exclusion of John Griffin (called, by Smyth, John Griffith),
second cousin and heir of the whole blood to the deceased peer.
From these precedents he concludes that James, Lord Berkeley
1421-62, was entitled by the tenure of the Castle and Manor, under the
entail in tail male made with licence (1349) 23 Edw. Ill, to a Barony
with the precedence of (11 55) i Hen. II, and that George the then (16 18)
Lord, and such of his predecessors as were in possession of the said Castle,
were similarly entitled; while as to the writ of 1523 to Maurice Berkeley,
or the writ of 1529 to his br. and h., Thomas Berkeley, or that of 1534
to Thomas, s. and h. of the said Thomas (none of whom were in the
possession of the Berkeley estate), those, according to Smyth, were but
personal and could not be any bar or hindrance.
"The precedents" (writes J. Horace Round) "that are quoted by
Smyth, in 1 6 1 8, should be compared with those adduced in 1 604 in the case
of Bergavenny, and, in 1640, in that of Grey de Ruthin. In the former case
they were intended to prove (just as urged by Smyth) that 'if any such
alienation be made for the continuance of the Barony in the name, then have
BERKELEY 123
the issue male, with the Castle, ^c, retained the dignitie of a Baron and
hereofFhave the heires generall or next heires female beene excluded.' See
Collins' Precedents, p. 113. The ' antient presidents ' quoted in support there-
of are eleven, the case of Deyncourt, Baron of Blankney, 10 Edw. II, and
that of the entail of the Castle of Berkeley, 23 Edw. Ill, being added to the
nine (above given) quoted by Smyth; a similar mistake being made, under
De la Warr, in giving the name ' Griffin ' as ' GrifFeth,' which coincidence is
strongly suggestive of this being the source from which Smyth derived his
precedents. In the case of Grey de Ruthin (1640) the precedents were
adduced to prove that even ' where a Barony by writ falls into one sole heir
general ' there have been cases where ' neither she nor her issue hath
enjoyed the title or dignity of her ancestors ' and where ' the King hath
disposed thereof at his pleasure, as, sometimes, to the issue of the half
blood before the whole, sometimes to a mere stranger and [that] most
times, if there hath been competition between the heir male and heir
female, the heir male hath carried the honour, especially if the heir male
hath the caput Baronize.' See Collins' Precedents, p. 225. The cases
adduced in support thereof are nine, viz. (i) Burnell of Holgate (2) Ferrers
of Groby (3) Walleron of Kilpeck (4) Deyncourt of Blankney (5) Delawarr
(6) Berkeley (7) Ogle (all of which were adduced in the case of Bergavenny),
to which are added those of (8) Bergavenny (itself), where the Castle, fsJ'c.,
of Abergavenny was entailed by will, 27 Hen. VIII, and of (9) Latimer,
where the Barony was entailed by John (Nevill), Lord Latimer (who had
inherited it ex parte maternd), on George Nevill, a cadet cousin ex parte
paternd, which George was sum. accordingly by Henry VI, to the detriment
of the h. gen., descended from the sister and sole h. of the entailor, such
h. gen. being the h. of the previous Lords Latimer. From the similarity of
these precedents with those adduced by Smyth there can be but little doubt
that he derived them from the pleadings of 1 604, omitting (by accident)
that of Deyncourt of Blankney. — It is moreover important to observe that
Dugdale's account is evidently derived from Smyth's MSS., to which he
had access, and that the petition of Lord Berkeley in 1661 was evidently
based on Smyth's statements. Now, as even Cruise himself derived his
facts from Dugdale, we arrive at the fact that all the mis-statements (as they
apparently are) as to the precedency of such of the Lords Berkeley as
were not possessed of the Castle, can be traced to the assertions made by
Smyth who, of course, wrote with a strong party bias on behalf of his
patrons, the Lords Berkeley."
HOLDERS OF THE CASTLE, Wc, OF BERKELEY (»)
I. William I. i. Roger, styled "Senior," who, having, between
(*) "The Earlier House of Berkeley," as here given, is taken from an elaborate
treatise of that name by Sir Henry Barkly, G.C.M.G., in the Transactions of the
Bristol and Glouc. Arch. Soc. (1883), vol. viii, p. 193, ^c, which corrects a former
notice of them in that work (1881) by A. J. Ellis, entitled "the Domesday tenants
in Gloucestershire," wherein the succession of this race is given from the first Roger
through Eustace and IVilliam to the Roger who was dispossessed about 11 52.
124 BERKELEY
1068 and 1 07 1, been made Provost of the manor of Berkeley (*) by
Earl William Fitz-Osbern (to whom it had been granted at the Con-
quest), took the name of de Berkeley from his residence there, and was
confirmed in his office by the King about 1080. At the time of the Survey,
1086, Berkeley was farmed by him from the Crown. He was tenant
in capite of Dursley, Cubberley, Dodington, fe'c, and (not improbably) was
identical with " Roger," farmer of Barton Regis, Bristol. On 17 Jan. 1091
he became a Monk of St. Peter's, Gloucester, and d. 1093. (*")
II. fVilliam II. 2. Roger de Berkeley, J/)'/^^ Junior, br. of Eustace of
Nympesfield, both being not improbably sons of the above
Roger, Senior. He began the building of the Castle of Berkeley in 1 1 17.
He d. before Michaelmas, 1131.
III. Henry I. 3. Roger de Berkeley, s. and h., who completed the
building of the Castle of Berkeley. He suffered much in
the wars between Stephen and the Empress Maud, at the hands of Walter,
son of Miles, Earl of Hereford. He was deprived of the Manor of Ber-
keley, i^c, about 1 152, apparently for refusing to recognise the authority
of either party, though he was soon afterwards restored to the Honour of
Dursley.('') He d. about 1 170, leaving issue. The Castle and " herness "
of Berkeley were granted by the King as under.
IV. Henry 11. i. Robert FitzHarding, who " may bee called i?o^fr/
the Devouty' s. of Harding,('^) said to have been a
if) Berkeley, with its appendant district, " Berkeley Herness," was an escheat of
the Crown after its forfeiture in 1 05 1 by Earl Godwin.
(*") In the charter of St. Martin at Auchy, mentioned in vol. i, p. 351, note " d,"
among the benefactors there occurs " Rogerus de Berchelaico cum uxore sua Rissa."
{ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
(^) This Lordship continued in his descendants in the male line (the issue of his
s. and h., Roger de Berkeley, by Helen, 1st da. of Robert FitzHarding, his successor
in the lands of Berkeley) for eight generations, when Nicholas Berkeley, the heir male,
d. s.p. in 1382. By the h. gen., Robert Wykes, it was alienated in 1564. In 1404,
by the death of Sir Nicholas Berkeley, of Coberley, co. Gloucester, the whole of the
male issue of Roger, the founder of this race, became extinct.
{^) The parentage of this Harding (living c. 1125) has been long and hotly
disputed. He has been termed "son of the King of Denmark" (as in the petition
of 1661), "Mayor of Bristol," and so forth. The view now generally accepted is
that he was the son of Eadnoth (killed 1068), " Staller " to King Harold and to
Edward the Confessor. E. A. Freeman pronounces this descent " in the highest degree
probable." Eyton (in his Shropshire) devoted much attention to the subject. Refer-
ence may also be made to the valuable researches of A. S. Ellis, and to Greenfield's
most valuable Pedigree of Meriet, tracing the descent of that family from Nicholas de
Meriet, elder br. to Robert FitzHarding. The charters at Berkeley Castle were
edited for Lord FitzHardinge in 1892 by I. H. Jeayes. [ex inform. J. H. Round). See
also note in Smyth's Berke/eys, vol. i, p. 19, i^c. See N. isf Q., Sth Ser., vol. xii,
p. 362, reprinted in Glouc. N. i?" Q., vol. v, p. 31.
BERKELEY 125
merchant of Bristol, and of great wealth and influence, received from
Henry of Anjou, in 1153 or ii54,(^) shortly before his accession as
Henry II, a grant (among others) of the Castle and " herness " of Berkeley
(as above mentioned) which was confirmed by the said Henry when King,
probably in (i 1 55) the first year of his reign, (*") whereby he the said Robert
(doubtless) became feudal LORD OF BERKELEY. In 1168 he enter-
tained, at Bristol, Dermot Mac Murrough, King of Leinster, on his arrival
to solicit succour from Henry II. He founded, in 1141, the Abbey of
St. Augustine, at Bristol, of which he afterwards became a canon. He m.
Eve.(') He d. 5 Feb. 1 170/1, aged about 75. His wife, who founded a
priory of nuns on St. Michael's hill, Bristol, whereof she d. Prioress 12 Mar.
1 1 70, was bur. with her husband.
V. 1 171. 2. Maurice FiTzRoBERT FitzHarding, o//^frw«f DE
Berkeley, feudal Lord of Berkeley, s. and h., who "may
bee called Maurice the Make Peace" b. about 1 120, in Bristol, received (at
the same date as his father) a confirmation of the grant of Berkeley from
Henry II, in 1155, and again 30 Oct. 1189 from Queen Eleanor, Regent
to her son Richard I. In 1 190 he was Justice Itinerant in co. Gloucester.
He enlarged the Castle of Berkeley, which thenceforth became the chief
seat of, and gave the name to, the family. He w., in 11 53 or 11 54, at
Bristolj('*) Alice, ist da. (but not h. or coh.) of his dispossessed predecessor,
(*) He and his son Maurice received duplicate grants of Berkeley manor, is'c,
from Duke Henry in 1153, and duplicate confirmations thereof from the same, soon
after he became King. [Berkeley C/iarterSy edit. I. H. Jeayes, nos. 2, 3, 6, 7). A
similar duplication occurs in the grants, made at the same time and place (Bristol),
of Breteuil and Pacy, "et dapiferatum Anglie et Normannie" to Robert, Earl of
Leicester, and to Robert, his son. See Leicester, Earldom of, under the ist Earl.
[ex infirm. G. W. Watson). V.G.
(*") "And this is that deed from which the Barony of Berkeley, and dignity of
being a Baron or Peere of the Realme is derived, and from which ought to bee the
precedency of the now Lord's place, for this grant was his very creation of Baron, and
by it resulted to the said Lord Robert the dignity of a Baron, and to bee a Baron and
Peere of ye Realme, viz. Baronem nobllitatii gradu ornatum, having by it regularly and
originally the true essentialls of a Baron and Barony, viz. Jurisdiction and territory
holden by Knight's service in capite both for civil and criminall causes; not being cr.
a Baron by writt or patent but by tenure as afsd., which is the most noble and ancient
of ye three kinds of Barons that are in this day." So writes the learned John Smyth
of Nibley, in his Lives of the Berkeley's^ giving the Latin grant in extenso, in which (as
may be gathered from his comment thereon) there is plenty to shew the right of the
grantee as to the Lordship of the Manor, but nothing as to any his right to a Peerage
of the realm.
C^) She is alleged to have been sister of Durand, "da. of Sir Estmond, by Godiva,
his wife, a pedigree which J. H. Round denounces as "obviously absurd." V.G.
(^) Smyth says it was in the presence of King Stephen and of Henry, Duke of
Normandy, but query at what time were they together at Bristol ? G.E.C. The
contract itself, however, states merely that it was made " in domo Rodberti filii
Hardingi apud Bristou in presentia domini Henrici ducis Normannorum et Aquitanie
126 BERKELEY
Roger DE Berkeley, feudal Lord of Dursley (formerly " fermer " of
Berkeley), with whom he had the manor of Slimbridge, as by agreement
between their respective fathers. He d. i6 June 1 1 90, and was ^«r. in
the church of Brentford, Midx. His widow d. at an " extreame old age."
VI. 1 1 90. 3. Robert DE Berkeley, feudal Lord OF Berkeley, s.
and h., who " may bee called Robert the Rebellious" b.
about 1 165, ed. at the Court of Henry II, and was knighted. He had to
pay ;{[i,ooo in 1191, for livery of his inheritance. On 27 Nov. (1198)
10 Ric. I, and on 18 Apr. (1200) i John, he had confirmation of his
charters of Berkeley. Was a Justice Itinerant, 1208. He sided with the
rebellious Barons against King John, was pardoned in 12 14, but again
rebelled and was excommunicated, though restored in 1 2 1 6-1 7(1 Hen. Ill),
for a fine of iC<)66, to all his lands, excepting Berkeley. He m., istly,
before 11 June 1200, Julian,(') da. of Robert de Pont de l'Arche, by
Maud, sister of William (Marshal), the elder. Earl of Pembroke, and da.
of John Marshal. She ^.15 Nov. 12 17, and was bur. at St. Augus-
tine's, Bristol. He m., 2ndly, in 12 18, Lucy.C") He d. s.p., 13 May 1220,
aged about 55, and was bur. at St. Augustine's, "in a monck's cowle."(')
His widow, who m. Hugh de Gurnay, d. iS Jan, 1234, and was bur. at
St. Augustine's afsd.
VII. 1220. 4. Thomas de Berkeley, feudal Lord of Berkeley,
br. and h., who " may bee called Thomas the Observer or
Temporiser" b. about 11 70. He obtained livery of his brother's lands,
but not, till 1223, of the Castle of Berkeley. He sustained many suits at
law, and by his prudent conduct greatly improved his estate. He w., about
1 21 7, Joan,('') da. of Sir Ralph de Somery, of Dudley, co. Worcester, by
et comitis And[egavie] ejusdem assensu et in presentia multorum aliorum clericorum et
laicorum." [Berkeley Charters, ut supra, no. 4). {ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
(^) This Julian is correctly said in Smyth's Berkeley's, vol. i, p. 97, to be " Neece
to that mirror of nobility William, Earle Marischall, the Elder, Earle of Pembrooke."
('') On the Fine Roll, 6 Hen. Ill, m. 5 [3 Apr. 1222] mention is made of
" W. Comitis Sarr' avunculi domini Regis et Lucie de Berkel' neptis sue." It
it difficult to suggest any parentage for this niece [for she could not have been his
granddaughter] of Earl William Longespee. She might have been his wife's niece,
and, possibly, da. of Sir Thomas Malesmains. If she had been an illegit. da. of King
John, she would probably have been described as "soror Regis." [ex inform.
G. W. Watson). V.G.
1^) The writ to the sheriff of Gloucester to take into the King's hands
"castrum de Berclai quod fuit Roberti de Berclai qui mortuus est" and his other
lands, dat. 15 May [Fine Roll, 4 Hen. Ill, m. 5), shows that he had again obtained
possession of Berkeley before his death, [ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
{^) "Jone, daughter of S' Ralph de Somery, lord of Campden in Gloucester-
shire, niece to Will'm Marshall Earle of Pembrooke, whose marriage portion was
210 markes and the King's favor." (Smyth's Berkeleys, vol. i, p. 97). There is
evidence that she was da. of Ralph de Somery. But this Ralph, who d.m 1 2 10, did
not possess the manor of Campden (parcel of the honour of Chester), which was only
BERKELEY 127
Margaret, sister of William (Marshal), Earl of Pembroke, and da. of
John Marshal. He ^.29 Nov. 1243, aged about 73, and was bur. at
St. Augustine's afsd. His widow was living (1273-74) 2 Edw. I.
VIII. 1243. 5. Maurice DE Berkeley, feudal Lord OF Berkeley,
s. and h., who " may bee called Maurice the Resolute" b.
12 1 8. He attended the wars with France and afterwards with North
Wales. Was knighted before 1242. He did homage and had livery of
his father's lands, 14 Dec. 1243. He joined the Barons against the King
(1264) 48 Hen. Ill, was present at the award of Kenilworth (1267)
51 Hen. Ill, at the Council at Marlborough 52 Hen. Ill, and at the
various assemblies (1275-79) 3, 4, 6, and 7 Edw. I. He w., before 12 July
1247, Isabel,(^) da. of Richard Fitzroy (illeglt. s. of King John), by
Rohese, da. and h. of Robert of Dover.C") On 10 Aug. 1264, the King,
out of compassion for the poverty of his niece, Isabel, the wife of
Maurice de Berkeley, granted her certain manors. She d. 7 July, probably
in the year 1276 to 1277, and was bur. at St. Augustine's afsd. He d.
4 Apr. 128 1, aged 63, "being his great clymactericoll yeare," and was
bur. at St. Augustine's afsd. Writ for Inq.p. m. 5 Apr. 128 i.
BARONY BY i. Thomas de Berkeley, feudal Lord of Berkeley,
WRIT. 2nd, but ist surv. s. and h.,(0 who "may bee called
T Thomas the Wise." He was b. at Berkeley 1245, was at
"•'* the battle of Evesham when under age, and was for nearly
every year for the last 50 years of his life " employed either against the
Welsh, the Scots, or the French." He was sum. to attend the King at
Shrewsbury 28 June (1283) 1 1 Edw. I ('^) by writ directed Thome de Berkel\
which writ was actually treated in the Mowbray case (1877) as one which
cr. an hereditary Peerage. On 24 June (1295) 23 Edw. I, he was sum. to
Pari, by writ directed Thome de Berkekgh\ whereby he may be held to
have become LORD BERKELEY. (') He continued to be so sum. till
15 May (1321) 14 Edw. II. He was made Vice-Constable of England in
acquired many years later by Roger de Somery in consequence of his marriage with
Nicole d'Aubigny, niece and coh. of Ranulph, Earl of Chester. That Ralph's wife,
Margaret (she afterwards m. Maurice de Gaunt), was one of the two sisters of
William, Earl of Pembroke, seems to depend on Smyth's statement alone. But the
Earl's other sister was certainly the wife of Robert de Pont de I'Arche [UHistoire
dt GuUlaume le Marechal, 1. 7265) as stated by Smyth and in the text above, [ex
infirm. G. W. Watson). V.G.
if) The old idea (held by Vincent, Sandford, is'c.) that she was an illegit. da. of
Richard, Earl of Cornwall (yr. br. of Henry III), or of his s. and h., Edmund, also
Earl of Cornwall, is refuted in Smyth's Berkeley's, vol. i, p. 144.
C") G. J. Turner, in The Genealogist, Oct. 1905."
(') Maurice, his elder br., was killed in a tournament at Kenilworth, v.p., in
1279.
C) For a discussion on this and other supposed Paris., see Preface.
(*) As to how far these early writs of summons did in fact create any peerage
title, see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
128 BERKELEY
1297, was at the bloody battle and defeat of the Scots at Falkirk 22 July
1298, the siege of Carlaverock in July 1300, and was taken prisoner at the
battle of Bannockburn, 24 June 13 14, paying a large sum for his ransom.
He was likewise on the Commission to examine the claims to the Crown
of Scotland, June 1292; was on an Embassy to France, Jan. 1296, and to
Pope Clement V, in July I307.(^) He m., in 1267, Joan, da. of William
(de Ferrers), Earl of Derby, by his 2nd wife, Margaret, da. and coh. of
Roger (de Quinci), Earl of Winchester. She ^. 19 Mar. 1309/10, and
was /?ur. at St. Augustine's, Bristol. He c/. 23 July 132 1, at Berkeley,
aged about 76.
I. 1308. I and 2. Maurice (de Berkeley), Lord de Berkeley,
s. and h., who " may bee called Maurice the Magnanimous"
II. 1321. said to have been ^. Apr. 128 1. (*") [Qy. 1 27 1.?] Hedistin-
guished himself in the Scottish wars, 1295-13 18, and was
at the siege of Carlaverock in July I300.('') He was sum. to Pari, v.p., from
16 Aug. (1308) 2 Edw. II to 15 May (132 1) 14 Edw. II, by writs directed
Mauricio de Berkeleye, whereby he may be held to have become LORD
BERKELEY,('') though there is no actual record of his having sat in
Parl.(^) He held several important posts, v.p., being Warden of Glou-
cester, 13 12; Capt. of Berwick, 13 15; one of the Commissioners to
Scotland, 13 16; Chief Justiciar of South Wales, 13 16, and Seneschal of
(^) He was one of the Barons who, in 1 30 1 , signed the celebrated letter to the Pope.
C") This makes him a father at the age of 14, for which Smyth quotes the
Biblical precedents of Solomon and Ahaz, each a father at 1 1 and of King Josiah
at 14, and adds that his own "small reading could parralell more than a dozen other
parents which have been Fathers and Mothers at 14 years." The date of birth
appears to rest on his being found to be 40 years old in 1 32 1 in two inquisitions on
his father's death, "and " says Smyth " he best knew his own age that sett it down."
It is however now recognised that the age of men in middle life being a matter of
little practical importance, is seldom given with any degree of accuracy in the inquisi-
tions. His birth (as the eldest son of his parents) would more probably be in 1 27 1
than in 1281, i.e. after some 4, rather than some 14, years of their marriage.
(<=) Where he bore his father's arms differenced with a label, azure, " Pur se ke
ses peres vivoit."
i^) See note " c " on previous page.
if) It is evident that the Barony, cr. by a writ issued (1308) to a person not in
possession of the Castle of Berkeley (which Barony was entirely independent of the
Barony cr. or acknowledged in 1295), must have devolved in 141 7 on the h. gen.,
Elizabeth, Countess of Warwick. It follows therefore, that (allow^ing, for argument's
sake, that the earlier Barony followed the destination of the Castle of Berkeley) the
reasoning (used in the case of the claim of the Barony as one by tenure) deduced from
the alleged statement that the Countess never had the title of Berkeley attributed to
her is worthless; since her right to a Barony of Berkeley {i.e. to the one cr. 1308)
is indisputable. G.E.C. The above argument is quite sound if peerage law as to
what happened in 141 7 is held to be decisive as to what did then in fact happen.
Nevertheless, the present Editor, writing from an historical and not a legal standpoint,
is profoundly sceptical as to either the writ of 1295 or that of 1308 having cr. any
Barony at all. V.G.
BERKELEY 129
Aquitaine, 1320. Shortly afterwards he joined the Earl of Lancaster in
the rebellion against Edward II and the Despenser family, and within 6
months of his father's death was sent prisoner to Wallingford Castle, 20
Jan. 132 1/2, where he d. about 4 years afterwards. He m.^ istly, (1289)
17 Edw. I (neither party being aged over 8),(^) Eve, sister of William
LA ZoucHE [Lord Zouche of Haryngworth], and da. of Eudes la
ZoucHE, by Milicent, da. of William de Cantelou, of Bergavenny. She
d. 5 Dec. 1 3 14, and was bur. in Portbury Church, Somerset. He w.,
2ndly, about 13 16, Isabel, da. of Gilbert (de Clare), Earl of Gloucester
and Hertford, by his ist wife, Alice, da. of Hugh XI, called le Brun, Sire
DE LUSIGNAN, CoUNT OF LA MaRCHE AND ANGOULfeME (uterinC br. of
Henry III). C') He d'., as afsd., 3 1 May 1 326, and was ^«r. at Wallingford, but
removed to St. Augustine's, Bristol. (') Inq. p. m. Feb. (1326/7) i Edw. III.
His widow, who was b. 10 Mar. 1262/3, ("*) d. s.p., (1333) 7 Edw. III.
III. 1326. 3. Thomas (de Berkeley), Lord Berkeley, s.
and h. by ist wife, who "may bee called Thomas the
Ritch." Knighted before 1322, and aged 30 and upwards at his father's
death. He fought at Boroughbridge, 16 Mar. 132 1/2, and was taken
prisoner.(') He was released from imprisonment in Pevensey Castle on 16
Oct. 1326, and on 4 Apr. 1327, was made Joint Custodian of the deposed
King, Edward II, whom he "curteously received" the next day at Berkeley
Castle, but being commanded to deliver over the government thereof to
his fellow custodians, departed therefrom to Bradley, "with heavy cheere
perceiving what violence was intended." He was tried by a jury of 12
Knights (without protest) in (1330-1) 4 Edw. Ill (^ as an accessory to the
murder (^) of the deposed King, but was acquitted. In 1328 he was in the
expedition against Scotland. From 14 June (1329) 3 Edw. Ill to 20 Nov.
(1360) 34 Edw. Ill, he was sum. to Parl.jC") the last two writs having the
(*) Lives of the Berieieys, by Smyth of Nibley.
C") Vincent's Errours in Brooke, p. 223.
(■=) From his 2nd son, Maurice, descend the Berkeleys of Stoke Gifford, co.
Gloucester (Lords Botetourt), the Berkeleys of Stratton, Cornw.ill (Lords Berkeley
of Stratton), and the Berkeleys of Pyll, of which families the last is now (1911)
represented in the male line by Viscount Portman.
C^j " 1262 [1262/3]. Gillbertode Clare filio Ricardi comitis Gloucestrie, nondum
cincto gladio militari, nascitur filia nomine Isabella, vi idus Martii, de uxore sua Alicia
filia comitis Marchie." {Jnnaleide Theoiesberia, p. 169; ex inform. G. W. Watson).
V.G.
(') For an account of this battle see Appendix C in this volume.
See Lords' Reports, vol i, p. 300.
(8) This was perpetrated with horrible barbarity by Sir John Mautravers and Sir
Thomas Gurnay, the then custodians of the castle. See a detailed account in
Smyth's Berkeleys, vol. i, p. 29 1, confirming the allusion in Gray's Bard to
" The shrieks of death thro' Berkeley's roof that ring —
Shrieks of an agonising King."
C") There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
18
I30 BERKELEY
addition of" 5e«/or" thereto. In i336hewas ChiefWarden of cos. Gloucester,
Worcester, and Hereford; in 1340, Marshal of the English army in
France ;(^) in 1342, Capt. of the Scottish Marches; Warden and Chief Justice
in Eyre south of Trent 1345-48; he is stated (apparently in error) to have
been, in 1346, Commander of the English forces at the battle of Crecy, and,
in 1361, was on an Embassy to Pope Innocent VI. He m., istly, in or
shortly before 25 July (1320) 14 Edw. II (Papal disp. to remain married
with legitimisation of past issue dat. Sep. 1329), Margaret, da. of Roger
(Mortimer), Earl of March, by Joan, da. and h. of Sir Piers de Join-
viLLE. She d. 5 May 1337) being under 30, and was bur. at St.
Augustine's, Bristol. He m., 2ndly, 30 May 1347, at Charfield, co.
Gloucester, Katharine, widow of Sir Piers le Veel, of Tortworth, in that
CO., and da. and h. of Sir John Clivedon, of Charfield afsd., by Emma, his
wife. He d. 27 Oct. 1361, in his 69th year, and was bur. in Berkeley
Church. M.I. His widow d. 13 Mar. 1385, and is also bur. there. Inq.
p. m. 1386-7.
IV. 1 36 1. 4. Maurice (de Berkeley), Lord Berkeley, s. and
h. by 1st wife, who "may bee called Maurice the Valiant"
b. 1330.C') He was a commander in Gascony 1355, and distinguished him-
self at the battle of Poitiers, 19 Sep. 1356, where he was severely wounded
and taken prisoner.('') He was sum. to Pari. 14 Aug. (1362) 36 Edw. Ill
to 24 Feb. (1367/8) 42 Edw. III. He w., in Aug. 1338 (when aged
about 8), Elizabeth, da. of Hugh Despenser, the younger, [Lord Le
Despenser] by Eleanor, da. and coh. of Gilbert (de Clare), Earl of
Gloucester and Hertford, "but though thus m. at 8, yet had he no issue
by her till about 12 or 13 years after." He d. at Berkeley Castle, "never
thoroughly cured of the wounds hee received at Poytiers," 8 June 1368,
aged 37 and upwards, and was bur. with his mother at St. Augustine's,
Bristol. /«y./). «2. 12 July (1368) 42 Edw. III. His widows'. 13 July 1389,
and was bur. at St. Botolph's, London.
V. 1368 5. Thomas (de Berkeley), Lord Berkeley, s.
to and h., who "may bee called Thomas the Magnificent"
141 7. He was b. at Berkeley Castle, 5 Jan. (1352/3) 26 Edw.
Ill, and after having been a ward to his father-in-law,
(") On 3 May 1341 an order issued to pay him 10s. as a Baron, and one mark
to John de Beauchamp as a Banneret. {Close Rolf). V.G.
C") It has hitherto been stated that he was knighted in Scotland in 1337, when aged
7(!), and was fighting abroad some years later, but J. H. Round points out that a foot-
note in Wrottesley's Crecy and Calais, p. 196, explains that he has been confused with
his father's yr. brother, Maurice, who fought at Crecy, was at the siege of Calais, and
d. 12 Feb. 1346/7. V.G.
(') The original covenant for his ransom (jTioSo) dated 28 Oct. 1360, is still
(1911) preserved at Berkeley Castle, (ex infortn. J. H. Round). V.G.
BERKELEY 131
Lord Lisle, made proof of his age on 5 Jan. 1373/4. He was sum. to Pari,
from 16 July (138 1) 5 Ric. II (^) to 3 Sep. (141 5) 5 Hen. V. From 1378
to 1385 he served in the wars in France, Spain, Brittany, and Scotland,
and in 1386 entertained the King at Berkeley Castle, for the deposition of
whom, however, he was, 30 Sep. 1399, one of the Commissioners. P.C. to
Richard II and Henry IV. Admiral of the South and West 1403; Joint
Warden of the Welsh Marches 1404, and one of the Regents of the Kingdom,
Apr. 1416. He m., Nov. 1367, in his 15th year, at Wingrave, Bucks,
Margaret, only da. and eventually sole h. of Warin (de Lisle), Lord
Lisle, by Margaret, da. and coh. of Sir William Pipard. She was then
aged but 7, and they remained 4 years apart. At her father's death, 28 June
1382, she inherited considerable estates, and, in her right, her husband
appears to have styled himself Lord Lisle. ('') Sherf'. 2oMar. 1391/2, and
was bur. at Wotton-under-Edge, co. Gloucester. He d. S-p-m.^i^) 13 July
1417, in his 65th year, and was bur. at Wotton afsd. M.I. Will dat.
2 Feb. 1415. Inq.p. m. 1417-8.
(') "There are writs in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th [Ric. II] directed to yWoKr/cf
de Berkeley, which were no doubt intended for Thomas, he having come of age
about the 49th Edw. III." {Courthope).
C^) Their da., Elizabeth, Countess of Warwick, is styled on her monument at
Kingswood "filia et hares Thomas, nuper D'ni de Berkeley et de Lisle; quod
quidem dominium de Lisle idem Thomas tenet [tenuit ?] per legem Anglije, post
mortem Margaretse, nuper uxoris sua; matris predictae Elizabethae."
("=) " Elizabeth, his sole d.and h., aged 30 in 141 6, w. Richard (Beauchamp), 1 2th
Earl of Warwick, by whom she had three daughters and coheirs, v;z. Margaret, wife
of John (Talbot), Earl of Shrewsbury; Eleanor, who m. (i) Thomas, Lord Ros, (2)
Edmund, Duke of Somerset, and (3) Walter Rokesley, Esq.; and Elizabeth, wife of
George (Neville), Lord Latimer. According to the usual descent of Baronies in fee
the dignity cr. by the Writ of Summons of (1295) Edw. I, and that of (1308) 2
Edw. II, should have devolved on the said Elizabeth, da. and h. of Thomas, Lord
Berkeley, and not upon his [collateral] h. inale; but whether this anomaly arose from
an idea then prevailing, that the tenure of the Castle of Berkeley conferred the
Barony, or [whether] the h. male had the greater political influence, cannot now
perhaps be ascertained: the inference which may be drawn from the relative situa-
tions of the husband of the said Elizabeth, who was one of the most powerful noble-
men of the time, and that of James Berkeley who sue. to the Barony, is, that the
tenure of Berkeley Castle was then considered to confer the dignity of Baron on its
possessor, and consequently that the said James was allowed that dignity ai his right,
rather than by the favour of the Crown. There were, however, other instances, as
in Burghersh and De la War, of the h. male of a Baron by Writ being sum. instead
of the h. general, and if modern decisions may be applied to the subject, the Baronies
of Berkeley, created by the Writs of Summons of the 23 Edw. I and 2 Edw. II, are
now in abeyance between the descendants and representatives of the three daughters
and coheirs of Elizabeth, Countess of Warwick, above mentioned, whose names will
be found in a Note to the account of the Barony of Lisle; and the Barony possessed
by the Earls Berkeley [1658-1882] is that cr. by the Writ of Summons to James de
Berkeley [142 1] 9 Hen. V." {Nicolas, slightly emended in Courthope).
132 BERKELEY
BARONY I. James (de Berkeley), Lord Berkeley, nephew and
BY WRIT. h. male,(*) being s. and h. of Sir James de B., by Elizabeth,
I. 142 1. da. and h. of Sir John Bluet, of Raglan, co. Monmouth,
which Sir James, being next br. to Thomas, the last Lord
Berkeley, d.v.f., 13 June 1405. He was b. about 1394, at Raglan
afsd., and " may bee called James the Just." He sue. to the Castle of
Berkeley (to which the Barony of Berkeley was then very generally con-
sidered as appendant) and other estates under an entail of his great-
grandfather, but was much hindered in getting possession thereof by the
Countess of Warwick (da. and h. of the last Lord), the h. gen.C") By
writ directed Jacobo de Berkeley, he was sum. to Pari. 20 Oct. (142 1)
9 Hen. V(') to 23 May (1461) i Edw. IV,('^) and was knighted by Henry
VI, 19 May 1426. In Apr. 14 10, being then aged 16, he m., istly, or
perhaps was only contracted to, ( — ), da. of Sir John St. John (cont.
dat. 19 Apr. 11 Hen. IV). He m., 2ndly, (1415) 3 Hen. V, ( — ),
da. of Sir Humphrey Stafford, of Hook, Dorset, but she d. very young
and s.p. He m., 3rdly, (1423-24) 2 Hen. VI, Isabel, widow of Henry
Ferrers, s. and h. ap. of William, Lord Ferrers (of Groby), and ist da.
(whose issue became coh.) of Thomas (de Mowbray), Duke of Norfolk,
by Elizabeth, da. of Richard (Fitz Alan), Earl of Arundel. She was,
while about to appeal to the King in Council on behalf of her husband,
arrested by order of Margaret, Countess of Shrewsbury (granddaughter
and coh. of the last Lord Berkeley), and imprisoned at Gloucester, where
she d. 27 Sep. 1452, and was bur. in the church of the Greyfriars there. He
w., 4thly, (settl. 25 July 1457) Joan, da. of John (Talbot), ist Earl of
Shrewsbury, by his ist wife, Maud, da. of Thomas (Nevill), Lord
Furnival, which Joan was consequently step-da. of Margaret, Countess of
Shrewsbury abovenamed. He d. at Berkeley Castle, Nov. 1463, within
36 days of having (22 Oct.) executed a deed of reconciliation with the said
(*) It was probably as h. of entail that he was indebted for his writ. Compare the
succession of the Barony of de la Warr in 7 Hen. VI, and that of Latimer in 10
Hen. VI. {ex inform, J. H. Round).
(^) " It appeareth that the Earle and his wife pretended right to the Barony oj
Berkeley, and to all the manors and lands thereto belonging." (Smyth's Berkeley^).
if) "This Writ [1421] must be considered as the origin of the Barony of Berkeley,
vested in the Earls of Berkeley [1658-1882] unless a right to a Writ of Summons to
Pari, as Barons by Tenure could be established. Such a claim was made in 1828 by
Earl Fitzhardinge (then Col. Berkeley), but no judgement was pronounced; and Sir
Harris Nicolas, in his statement on behalf of Sir John Shelley Sidney, Bart., in
relation to that claim, observes that had the claim been granted it would not only
have been without a single precedent, but in opposition to the incontrovertible fact,
that no claim to a Barony on the ground of Tenure was ever admitted, and that at
no period since the reign of Hen. Ill has Tenure per Baroniam been deemed to
constitute a right to a Writ of Summons." [Courthope). For a list of the only
recognized Parliaments (down to 1500) which furnish a date of origin for Baronies
cr. by writ now (1911) existing, see vol. vi, Appendix G. V.G.
i^) There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
BERKELEY 133
Countess, and was bur. at Berkeley. His widow ;«., before 26 May 1474,
Edmund Hungerford.
II. 1463. 2 and I. William (de Berkeley), Lord Berke-
VISCOUNTCY ''^^' ^' ^"'^ ^" °^ ^^^ ^^^^ Lord, by Isabel, his wife,
who "may bee called William the Wast all." He
I- 1 48 1. was b. at Berkeley Castle, 1426, was in the retinue
ivrapriTTPQQATPr °^ Cardinal Beaufort at Calais about 1438, and, on
MAKUUh.i>bAlh.. his return, while still under age, was knighted. He
I. 1489 petitioned the Crown against the claims of iVIargaret,
to Countess of Shrewsbury, and other the heirs gen. of
1492. his great-uncle Thomas, to the Berkeley estates,
which petition was pending when the Countess d. in
June 1468. By her grandson and h., Thomas (Talbot), Viscount Lisle, he,
though but 19, was challenged to settle the claim by combat, which took
place 20 Mar. 1469/70, at Nibley Green, wherein the Viscount was slain. (')
K.B. at the investiture of Edward, Prince of Wales, 18 Apr. 1475. ^"
the marriage of the heiress of the Mowbray family to the King's yr.
son, the Duke of York, he released his right to a reversion of a moiety of
her estates if she d. s.p. (which happened soon afterwards on 16 Jan.
Uflll^) to the King and his issue in tail male (which issue became extinct
in 1483), receiving a discharge for debts amounting to ^^34,000, and being,
when the grant was ratified by Pari, cr. VISCOUNT BERKELEY,
2iApr. 1481. P. C. 5 Mar. 1482/3. The vast estates of the Mowbray family
being divided between him and his cousin (the other coh.) Lord Howard,
each was honoured with some of their extinct titles by the new King,
Richard III. He was accordingly, on 28 June 1483, cr. EARL OF
NOTTINGHAM, (^) while, on the same day. Lord Howard was cr. Duke
of Norfolk and Earl Marshal. At the coronation of Henry VII, 30 Oct.
1485, he was Bearer of the Third Sword, having been cr. joint Lord High
Steward and Earl Marshal for the occasion. On 19 Feb. 1485/6 he was
cr. Earl Marshal C^) and Great Marshal of EnglanDjC*) with rem. to the
heirs male of his body. On 9 Nov. 1487 he was joint Lord High Steward
at the coronation of Elizabeth, the Queen Consort. On 10 Dec. 1487, and
subsequently, he settled the Castle and honour of Berkeley, the Barony of
Bedford, the Barony of Gower, and the greater part of his manors and
(') See account of this battle and of the Berkeley lawsuit in the Bristol and Glouc.
Arch. Soc. Trans. , vol. iii, p. 305.
C*) He, as Earl of Nottingham, was one of the 35 Peers present at the Coronation
of Richard III, 6 July 1483. For a list of these see note sub Humphrey, Lord Dacre
OF Gillesland [1473].
(*=) The Duke of Norfolk, his cousin, and predecessor in the office of Earl Marshal,
was slain at Bosworth, Aug. 1485, but not attainted till Nov. following. This
perhaps accounts for the former appointment being only "for the occasion." For an
account of the Earls Marshal see Appendix D in this volume.
C^) He is so described in the patent creating him Marquess of Berkeley. V.G.
134 BERKELEY
lands in England, Wales, and Ireland, on himself in tail general, with rem.
to the King in tail male, with rem. to his own right heirs. For this con-
sideration he received permission (of which he freely availed himself) to
alienate divers other lands, and was cr., 28 Jan. 1488/9, MARQUESS (^)
OF BERKELEY.(^) He w., istly, (at the age of about 41) in 1466,
Elizabeth, da. of Reynold (West), Lord de la Warr,(') by Margaret, da.
of Robert Thorley. From her he was divorced shortly afterwards, against
which she appealed to Pope Paul II, who issued letters thereon, 20 Nov.
1467. ('^) He m., 2ndly, Nov. 1468, Joan, widow ot Sir William Wil-
LouGHBY, da. of Sir Thomas Strangways, by Katharine, da. of Ralph
(Nevill), Earl of Westmorland. She d. 24 Feb. 1484/5, (°) and was bur.
if) This was but the 7th Marquessate that had ever existed in England. Of these,
at the time of this creation, (excepting Suffolk (de la Pole) cr. 1444, which was not
in use owing to there being a higher title, vix. Dukedom) there was but one, viz.
Dorset (Grey), cr. 1475, in existence. For a list of the Marquessates conferred up
to the end of the i6th century, see vol. v. Appendix H.
C') According to Smyth's Berkeleys, his style, after 1 489, was " Marquess Berkeley,
Earl Marshall and of Nottingham, Great Marshall of England, Viscount Berkeley,
Lord of Berkeley, Lord of Mowbray and Segrave and Baron of Bedford." The
Castle and manor of Bedford, and the manor of Segrave, co. Leicester, were
among the large estates he inherited from the Mowbrays. With respect to the
other titles, the Barony of Bedford was never a Peerage dignity, while (according to
the decision of the Committee for Privileges in the case of the Barony of Mowbray)
the abeyance of the Baronies of Mowbray and Segrave had been determined
(apparently by Richard III) in favour of the Howard family, the junior coheirs
thereof. G.E.C.
He appears to have assumed the title of Lord and even of Viscount of Catherlough
(Carlow), although he had inherited but a moiety of that Lordship on the death, in
1481, ofhis 1st cousin twice removed, Anne, only surv. child of John (Mowbray),
Duke of Norfolk. There is a grant by him of the parish church of Carlow, dat.
10 Feb. (1484/5) 2 Ric. Ill, wherein he is styled " Willielmus Comes Nottingham
Vice Comes Barkley et Carelagh alias Catyrlagh." {Chartularies of St. Mary's Abbey,
Dublin, ed. by John Gilbert, 1884-5, RoHs Series; ex inform. G. D. Burtchaell).
Assuming this document to have been correctly transcribed, we have here another
assumption of an Irish Viscountcy, in 1485, which would, if the Editor had then
known of it, have been added to those mentioned in vol. i, Appendix A, p. 459-
For a list of, and some remarks on, peerage titles assumed by peers, see vol. v.
Appendix F. V.G.
('^) Some authorities wrongly state that this Reynold m. Eleanor, ist da. of Henry
(Percy), 3rd Earl of Northumberland. V.G.
{^) " An old writing of this Lord's time " shews that they were second cousins
once removed, the bridegroom's maternal great-grandfather, John, Lord Mowbray,
being father of Eleanor, wife of John, Lord de la Warr, great-grandmother to the
bride. This relationship was probably the ground for the divorce, though Smyth
(from whom this is quoted) adds "to this old writing I wholly subscribe not."
(') Her only s., Thomas Berkeley, was b. Mar. 1469-70, and made K.B. 18 Apr.
1475, and though aged only 5 years, was betrothed in June following to Mary, da. of
William (Herbert), Earl of Pembroke. He d. however shortly afterwards, and was
bur. at Berkeley.
BERKELEY 135
at St. Augustine's Friars, London. He m., jrdly, about i486, Anne, da. of
Sir Thomas Fiennes (s. and h. ap. of Richard, Lord Dacre), by Alice, da.
of Henry (Fitz Hugh), Lord Fitz Hugh. He c/.s.p.s., 14 Feb. 149 1/2,
in the Sanctuary at Westm., in his 67th year, and was i>ur. at St. Augustine's
Friars afsd., not leaving sufficient assets to pay the arrears of wages due to
his household. Will dat. 5 Feb. 1491/2. At his death the Marquessate
of Berkeley and the Earldom of Nottingham became ext'nict. His widow tn.
Sir Thomas Brandon, K.G., whose will, dat. 1 1 Jan. i509/io,was pr. 1 1 May
1 5 10. She d. 10 Sep. 1497, and was bur. at St. George's Chapel, Windsor.
BARONY. 3. Maurice (Berkeley), de jure (apparently) Lord
III. 1492. Berkeley [142 i], br. of the whole blood, and h., who
"may bee called Maurice the Lawier" inasmuch as
though totally disinherited by his br., and though 56 years of age at his
brother's death, he recovered, within 7 years, upwards of 50 manors
and other lands, the alienation of which had been effected illegally. He
had been Knight of the body to Edward IV. He «;., in his 30th year
(1465), Isabel (at that time a widow with 3 children who all d. young),
only da. of Philip Mead, of Mead's Place, in Wraxall, Somerset, Alder-
man, and three times (1458-59, 1461-62, 1468-69) Mayor of Bristol, by
Isabel, his wife. She (^) became h. to her br., Thomas Mead, inheriting lands
at Thornbury, co. Gloucester, and at Wraxall, Ashton, Bedminster, and
Tickenham, Somerset. He d. Sep. 1506, aged 70, and was bur. at Austin
Friars, London. His widow d. after 29 May 15 14, at the same age of 70,
at Coventry, and was bur. with him.
IV. 1506. 4. Maurice (Berkeley), de jure (apparently) Lord
Berkeley [142 i], s. and h., who "may bee called Maurice
the Courtier" was b. 1467, probably at Thornbury. Keeper of Kingswood
Forest 1508; K.B. at the coronation, 23 June 1509; Sheriff of co.
Gloucester 1 509- 1 o, and 1 5 1 5- 1 6, residing principally at Yate, co. Gloucester;
Sheriff of cos. Leicester and Warwick, 1516-17.C') Knight of the body to
Henry VIII, 13 Apr. 15 12; Marshal of the Army for Spain, 15 12; Capt.
in the army in France, 15 13 and again 1523. Lieut, of Calais 1520. He
is said to have been sum. to the Pari, of 15 Apr. (1523) 14 Hen. VIII ("=)
(at which time he was still abroad), and to have been advised to accept the
(^) It has been conjectured that this match gave offence to his br., but Smyth says
that the Marquess "had little cause to complain of the obscure parentage of the Lady
Isable which he vainly called base, i^c."
C') " An argument that hee was not then accepted as a Peere of the Realme, as
after also more fully doth appear." (Smyth's Bcrkelcys).
{^) "By reason of which summons he then sat in Pari, merely as a New Baron in
the lowest place of which he had no joy, £5"c." [but submitted] "being thereunto per-
suaded by his Council learned in the law as appeareth by an orig. letter written to
him by John Fitz James, then Lord Chief Baron," dated 6 May 1523. See Dugdale,
and note "a" on next page. In the Cliroriic/f of Calais, 1 485-1 540, edited by
J. G. Nichols for the Camden Soc. (1846), it is stated that at a Pari, held at Westm.
136
BERKELEY
honour, though the intention, apparently, was to place him as junior
Baron. (^) He, however, never took his seat.(^) He m. (cont. 28 Jan.
1484/5) Katharine, da. of Sir William Berkeley, of Stoke Gifford, co. Glou-
cester, by Ann, da. of Sir Humphrey Stafford, she being then not
much under 17. He d.s.p. legit., 12 Sep. 1523, at Calais, and was bur. In
Trinity chapel within the parish church there. Will, dat. i May 1520 to
II Sep. 1523, pr. 28 Nov. 1523, in which he calls himself Sir Maurice
Berkeley of Yate, kt. Writ for Inq. p. m. as " Maurice, Lord Berkeley,"
24 Oct. (1523) 16 Hen. VIII. His widow ^. "not full three years" after-
wards, and was bur. at Yate afsd.
V. 1523. 5. Thomas (Berkeley), de jure (apparently) Lord
[I. 1529.] Berkeley('') [1421], br. and h., who "may bee called
Thomas the Sheepmaster,'^ he " living a kind of grazier's
life, having his flocks of sheep sommering in one place and wintering in
other places as hee observed the feilds and pastures to bee sound and could
bargaine best cheape." He was b. 1472, probably at Thornbury afsd., and
in Apr. 1523, Sir Arthur Plantagenet, Sir Maurice Berkeley, Lieut, of Calais, Sir
William Sands, and Sir Nicholas Vaux, were made respectively Viscount Lisle, Lord
Berkeley, Lord Sands, and Lord Vaux. It is to be remarked that Fitz-James' letter
and this (contemporary) account in the Chronicle of Calais are the only proofs of the
alleged summonses, there being no record of his name in the list of summons temp.
Hen. VIII. [See however, the evidence for this creation in Round's Peerage and
Family History, pp. 356-8]. "This Writ [1523] was considered as having created a
new Barony, in the claim made by Colonel Berkeley, already alluded to, and it would
certainly appear that Maurice ix [4 or 14] Baron was assigned a place in Parliament as
junior Baron, although he never sat therein; but it is equally certain (of which no
mention is made in the case of Colonel Berkeley) that Thomas x [5 or i 5] Baron and
Thomas xi [6 or 16] Baron (neither of whom was possessed of Berkeley Castle) sat
in the precedency of the older Barony, and that the accession of Henry xii [7 or 17]
Baron to the Castle of Berkeley in no way altered his place in Parliament; indeed,
this latter individual was (in 4 and 5 Ph- and Mary, and even after his controversy
with the Lord Willoughby, 39 Eliz.) assigned a lower precedency than had been
allowed to his father, who was not possessed of the Castle." (Courthope).
(^) The letter of Fitz-James (see note " c " on previous page) is printed in Smyth's
Berkeleys, vol. ii, p. 2o8. He writes that as to "thy Honor, which the King's
Grace by his writt hath lately called you too, Sir, wee all will advise you to take the
honor; and howbeit that as yet yee have not the roome in the Pari. Chamber that the
Lord Berkeleys have had of old time, yet wee advise you to take this roome appointed
to you at this time and to make noe labor of the higher roome at this time, for causes
to longe to write."
C") " This Lord, howbeit hee had his proxey [Lord Mountjoy] yet never came per-
sonally to that Pari, but still kept at Calais where he d. in Sep. following."
(Smyth's Berkeleys). The Journals of the House of Lords from 7 to 25 Hen. VIII
are missing.
("=) According to Smyth's Berkeleys, vol. ii, p. 669, he is styled "Lord Berkeley,
Mowbray, and Segrave." See ante, p. 134, note " b," as to the titles assumed by his
predecessor, the Marquess of Berkeley 1489 to 1492.
BERKELEY 137
on 9 Sep. 1 5 13 was in command at the battle of Flodden, receiving Knight-
hood the same day from the Earl of Surrey. Constable of Berkeley Castle
15 May (15 14) 6 Hen. VIII. SherifFofco. Gloucester Nov. 1522 to Nov.
1523. On 9 Aug. (1529) 21 Hen. VIII he was sum. to Pari, by writ directed
Thome Berkley de Berkley. (^') He w., istly, (1504-5) 20 Hen. VII, Eleanor,
widow of John Ingleby, of Ripley, co. York, da. of Sir Marmaduke
Constable, of Flamborough, co. York, by his 2nd wife, Joyce, da. of Sir
Humphrey Stafford, of Grafton. She d. 1525, and was bur. at St.
Augustine's, Bristol. He w., 2ndly, in 1526, Cicely, widow of Richard
RowDON, of Gloucester, da. and coh. of, apparently ( ) Arnold, of co.
Gloucester. He^/. at Mangotsfield, Bristol, 22 Jan. 1532/3, in his 6istyear,
and was bur. at St. Augustine's afsd. Will dat. 28 Apr. 1532 to 11 Jan.
1532/3, pr. 6 June 1533. His widow, "called my Lady Cicely of Bristol^' d.
between July and Nov. 1558, at Bristol, and was bur. at St. Augustine's
afsd.
VI. 1533. 6. Thomas (Berkeley), Lord BerkeleYjC") s. and h.
by I St wife, who "may bee called Thomas the Hopefull."
He was b. at Hovingham, co. York, 1505, and ed. at St. Omer in Artois.
K.G. at the coronation of Anne Boleyn, 1533. He was sum. to the Pari,
held 5 Jan. (1533/4) 25 Hen. VIII, (*) and, though not in possession of
the Berkeley estates, was ranked in the precedency of his ancestors as third
Baron on the roll.(°) Constable and Porter of Berkeley Castle, and Keeper
of the Park, 8 Mar. 1532/3. He w., istly, in 1526, Mary,('^) da. of
George (Hastings), Earl of Huntingdon (1529), by Anne, da. of Henry
(Stafford), Duke of Buckingham. She d. s.p., IVlar. 1532/3. He w.,
2ndly, (shortly afterwards) Apr. 1533, Anne, da. of Sir John Savage, of
Frodsham, co. Chester, by Anne, da. of Ralph Bostock. He d. 1 9, and was
bur. 22 Sep. 1534, at Stone, near Aylesbury, Bucks. His widow d. Oct.
1564, aged 58, at Callowdon, co. Warwick, and was bur. at St. Michael's,
Coventry.(°) Admon. 21 Jan. 1^6.^./^.
(*) The important point ofthese writs (15 29 and 1534) having been issued to these
Barons respectively, is, strange to say, not mentioned in the lives of them in Smyth's
Berie/eys, though the fact is referred to at p. 56 of the same vol. (vol. ii) at the end of
Smyth's arguments for the precedency of the Barony of Berkeley.
C') See note " c " on previous page.
C^) For a list of persons sum. in the name of, and anomalously granted the pre-
cedency of an ancient Barony to which they were not entitled by descent, see vol. i,
Appendix D.
("*) This lady is said to have been "affected in marriage by the Czar of Russia, her
beauty being so great."
(=) She was "overpowerful with her husband and seldom at rest with herself . . .
Of complexion of a comely brown, of a middle stature. Betimes in winter and
summer mornings, she would make her walks to visit her stables, barns, day house,
poultry, swine troughs, and the like." V.G.
19
138
BERKELEY
VII. 1534. 7- Henry (Berkeley), Lord Berkeley, posthumous
s. and h., by 2nd wife, who "may bee called Henry the
Harmlesse, or Posthumous Henry." (^). He was b. 26 Nov. 1534, 9 weeks
and 4 days after his father's death. At the death of King Edward VI,
6 July 1553, and the consequent failure of heirs male of the body of
Henry VII, he obtained possession (under the entail of 1488) of the estate
of Berkeley (as also of many other estates) which had been alienated above
60 years. K.B. at the coronation of Queen Mary, 28 Sep. 1553. By
Royal warrant, 13 May 1555, he had spec, livery of his lands, though under
age. He undoubtedly sat in the Pari, held 20 Jan. (1557/8) 4 and 5 Ph.
and Mary ;('') he was sum. to Pari, by writ directed Hetirico Berkley,
from 5 Nov. (1558) 5 and 6 Ph. and Mary to 18 Nov. (1606) 4 Jac. 1.
When taking his seat he was ranked similarly to his predecessors (Lords
Berkeley), many of whom had not possessed the Castle and Honour of
Berkeley. From 1603 till his death he was Lord Lieut, of co. Gloucester.
He w., istly, at Kenninghall, Norfolk, in Sep. 1554, Katharine (") (then
aged 16), 3rd da. of Henry Howard, styled Earl of Surrey (s. and h. ap.
of Thomas, Duke of Norfolk), by Frances, da. of John (Veer), Earl of
Oxford. She was restored in blood (1559) i Eliz. from the effects of her
father's attainder. She d. at Callowdon afsd., of dropsy, 7 Apr., and was
bur. 20 May 1596, near the Drapers' Chapel in St. Michael's, Coventry.
He m., 2ndly, at St. Giles's, Cripplegate, 9 Mar. 1597/8, Jane, widow of
Sir Roger TowNSH end, sister of John, ist Baron Stanhope of Harrington,
and da. of Sir Michael Stanhope, of Shelford, Notts, by Ann, da. of
Nicholas Rawson. He d. 26 Nov. 1613, at Callowdon afsd., on his 79th
birthday, and was bur. at Berkeley. M.I.('^) Will dat. 20 Dec. 1612, pr.
2 Feb. 1613/4. Inq. p. m. 20 Jan. (1613/4) 11 Jac. I. His widow d. at
her house in the Barbican, London, 3 Jan. 161"] ji. Will dat. 20 July 16 17,
pr. 10 Mar. 1611 1%, by Sir Roger Townshend, Bart.
VIII. 1 613. 8. George (Berkeley), Lord Berkeley,('^) grandson
and h., being only surv. s. and h. of Sir Thomas Berkeley,
(^) According to Smyth's Berkcleys, he was styled "Lord Berkeley, Mowbray,
Segrave and Breousc," the adoption of which last Barony {Brewes of Gower) is an
innovation superadded to the assumption of his predecessors. See ante, p. 134, note " b,"
and note " d " below.
C") See Lords' 'Journals ; his name, however, does not appear in Dugdale's list
of peers sum. to that Pari. V.G.
('^) She was inclined to " betake herself to the delights of youth and greatness . . .
and was so good an archer at butts with the longbow, as her side, by her, was never
the weaker. She kept commonly a cast or two of merlins, mewed in her own
chamber to the detriment of her gowns and kirtlcs." V.G.
('') The titles of "Mowbray, Segrave and Breouse," are ascribed to the Lords
Berkeley in the following mon. inscriptions, vi%. on that, at Berkeley, to Henry who
d. 161 3; and on those at Cranford, Midx., to George, who d. 1658, and George
(Earl of Berkeley) who d. 1698.
BERKELEY 139
K.B., by Elizabeth (^),da. and sole h. of George (Carey), 2nd Lord Hunsdon,
which Sir Thomas (s. and h. ap. of the last Lord by his ist wife) was b. at
Callowdon afsd., ii July 1575, t/. there v-p.^ii Nov. 161 1, and was /^«r. at
St. Michael's, Coventry. He was b. at Low Leyton, Essex, 7, and bap.
there 26 Oct. 1601, his grandfather, George, Lord Hunsdon, being one
of his god-parents, and "may bee called George the Traveller, or George the
Linguist." (^) K.B. 4 Nov. 161 6, at the creation of Charles, Prince of
Wales. Matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 10 June 161 8 ; iVI.A., 18 July 1623.
Hew., 13 Apr. 16 14, at St. Bartholomew the Great, London, Elizabeth, Q
2nd da. and coh. of (his step-grandmother's br.) Sir Michael Stanhope, of
Sudbury, Suffolk, by Anne, da. of Sir William Reade, of Osterley, Midx.,
she (who was b. 21 Dec. 1604) being but nine while he was 13J years old.
He d. 10 Aug. 1658, at his house in St. John's, Clerkenwell, and was bur.
at Cranford, Midx. M.L
IX. 1658. 9 and I. George (Berkeley), Lord Berkeley,^)
EARLDOM. 2nd, but only surv. s. and h.(0 Ed. at Ch. Ch. Oxford.
L 1679. Committee of East India Co. 1660-97, and 1698-99.
In May 1 660 he was one of the 6 Peers deputed to invite
Charles II to return. Custos Rot. of co. Gloucester 1660-89. He was sum. to
Pari, by writ, 8 May(i66i) 13 Car. II to 17 Oct. (1679) 31 Car. II. An
original F.R.S. 20 May 1663. In May 1661 he petitioned for a higher
precedence (^ in Pari., viz. as a Baron by tenure,(f) which claim was before
(*) This lady, b. 24 May 1576, (Queen Elizabeth being her godmother) was tn.,
19 Feb. 1595/6, from Blackfriars, London. In i6i8 she purchased the estate of
Cranford, Midx., (for _^7,ooo from the coheirs of Sir Roger Aston) which has since
continued in the Berkeley family. She d. 23, and was bur. there 25 Apr. 1635. M.I.
Will dat. 24 Jan. 1634, pr. 5 May 1635. In right of her descent from her great
grandmother, Mary, wife of William Carey, (the father of the ist Lord Hunsdon) da.
and coh. (whose issue, in 1603, became sole heir) of Thomas (Boleyn), Earl of Wilt-
shire [E.] and Earl of Ormond [I.], this Lady Berkeley appears, after the death of
her father, and of his cousin. Queen Elizabeth (both of which happened in 1603), to
have been entitled suo jure to the dignity of Countess of Ormond [I.], transmitting her
right to the heirs of her body, inasmuch as the said Earldom had been cr. in 1529
with rem. to the heirs gen. of the grantee. See tabular pedigree post, p. 145.
C') The characters of the Lords Berkeley so racily depicted by John Smyth of
Nibley here end, as that indefatigable antiquary died 25 Feb. 1640/1, aged 73.
{^) Her elder sister and coh., Jane, ot., istly, Viscount Fitzwalter {d. v. p. and j./>.
1621), 1st s. and h. ap. of Robert (RadclifFe), Earl of Sussex. She ;«., 2ndly,
Sir William Withypoole. Another sister, Bridget, m. George (Feilding), ist Earl of
Desmond [I.].
(^) See note " d " on previous page.
(f) His elder br., Charles, ^. ■L'./i., being drowned in the Channel, 27 Jan. 1640/1.
(') "It must be concluded that he did not establish his pretensions." See ante,
under "Observations," p. 120, line 11.
(s) The precedency allowed in 1661, 1689, and 1704, to George, Charles, and
James, each respectively Lord Berkeley, (which was confirmed by resolution to the
two latter) was next below that of the Lords de la Warr.
I40 BERKELEY
the House in 1673, and was still pending when, on 11 Sep. 1679, he was
cr. VISCOUNT DURSLEY and EARL OF BERKELEY (») both co.
Gloucester. Gov. of the Levant Co. 1673-96. P.C. 17 July 1678 to 21 Apr.
1679, and 31 July 1685 to Feb. 1688/9. Master of the Trin. House
1681-82. He was one of the Lords who subscribed at Guildhall, in
Dec. 1688, the declaration to assist the Prince of Orange. C*) Custos Rot.
of Surrey 1689-98. VLem., 11 Aug. 1646, at Morden, Surrey, Elizabeth,
da. and coh.C^) of John Masingberd, of London, Merchant, Treasurer of
the East India Company, by Cecilia, da. of Thomas Pettit,('') of London,
Merchant. He d. 14 Oct. 1698, aged 71, and was bu7: at Cranford. M.L
Willdat. 21 Sep., pr. 19 Dec. 1698. Q His widow was i-wr. loDec. 1708,
at Cranford. Will dat. 26 Aug. 1706, pr. 20 Dec. 1708.
EARLDOM. 2 and 10. Charles (Berkeley), Earl of Berkeley,
l» ^ „ ^c, s. and h., b. 8 Apr. 1649. K.B. at the coronation of
° ■ Charles II, 23 Apr. 1661; matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 3
BARONY ^^y 1662, cr. M.A. 28 Sep. 1663.0 F-R-S. 21 Nov.
1667. Gent, of the Bedchamber to Cosmo III, Grand
X. 1689. Dukeof Tuscany, 3 Jan. 1675. Committeeof the Levant
Co. 1678-79, and of the East India Co. 1 699-1 705.
M.P. (Whig) for Gloucester, 1679-81. Envoy to Madrid, 1689. On
1 1 July 1689, he was sum. to the House of Lords v.p., in his father's Barony,
as LORD BERKELEY.(8) Envoy to the States of Holland, 1689-
1695. Gustos Rot. 1689, and Lord Lieut, of co. Gloucester 1694, both
till his death; P.C. 3 May 1694; High Steward of Gloucester 1695; Custos
Rot. 1 699-1 7 10, and Lord Lieut, of Surrey 1702-10; Constable of St.
Briavel's Castle and Warden of the Forest of Dean, 1697 till his death;
one of the Lords Justices and Governors of Ireland, i6()<)-i'joo.(^) He m.
(^) See note sub Charles, Earl Cadogan [1776].
C') His name however does not appear in the list of the Principal Persons in arms
for the Prince of Orange (for a list of whom see Appendix H in this volume), nor was
he re-appointed to the Privy Council on that Prince's accession. He was not a party
politician, but his influence was used on the Whig side in his later years. V.G.
(^) The other coh., Mary, m. Robert (Bertie), Earl of Lindsey.
[^) Third s. of Cyriac Pettit, of Shalmesford, Kent. V.G.
(') He "will say openly that he hath fought more set fields than any man in
England hath done." (Pepyi,\^Ye\). 1664/5). V.G. He was "a man of strict virtue
and piety, of considerable literature, and author of a religious tract" on which Waller
wrote some verses. See Collins, vol. iii, p. 619, in a note by Sir E. Brydges. He
gave to Sion College, London, the valuable library of Sir Robert Coke (s. and h. of
the Lord Chief Justice), who m. Theophila Berkeley, sister of his father.
(*) See note sub James, Earl of Suffolk [1640].
(*) For a list of eldest sons sum. v.p. to Pari, see vol. i, Appendix G.
C") Dean Swift (who accompanied him to Ireland) got his first preferment through
his means. The Dean's comments, in italics, on Bp. Burnet's character of him, "A
gentleman of learning, parts, and a lover of the constitution of his country," are as
follows, "A shorty fat man."
BERKELEY 141
(lie. at Vic. Gen. Off. i6 Aug. 1677 to marry at Exton, Rutland, she
about 2 2 and a spinster) Elizabeth, sister of Edward, ist Earl of Gains-
borough, da. of Baptist (Noel), 3rd Viscount Campden, by his 3rd wife,
Hester, da. and coh. of Thomas (W'otton), Lord Wotton. He d.
24 Sep. 1 7 10, of dropsy, at Berkeley Castle, aged 61, and was bur. at
Berkeley. Will dat. 9 Mar. 1708/9, pr. 25 Nov. 1710. His widow d.
30 July 1 7 19, and wasi^«r. at Berkeley. Will dat. 17 June, pr. 26 Aug. 17 19.
[Charles Berkeley, styled Viscount Dursley, s. and h. ap., b. i 7 June
1679, and bap. at Cranford, d. unm. v.p., of the small pox, at Cranford, and
was bur. there i June 1699.]
EARLDOM. 3 and 11. James (Berkeley), Earl of Berkeley,
... ^c, 2nd, but 1st surv. s. and h. Capt. R.N. 1701.
' ■ M. P. (Whig) for Gloucester 1701-02. He was sum.,
RATJnvv 5 Mar. 1704/5, to the House of Lords v.p., in his
BAKUAI. father's Barony, as LORD BERKELEY.(*) He
XL 1705. distinguished himself as commander of "the Boyne,"
in Rooke's engagement off Malaga, 13 Aug. 1704.
Vice Admiral of the Blue 1707/8, and of the Red 1709; Lord Lieut, of
CO. Gloucester, High Steward of Gloucester, Warden of the Forest of Dean
and Constable of St. Briavel's Castle, 1710-12, and 1714-36 ; Custos Rot. of
Surrey 1710-36; Lord of the Bedchamber 1714-27; Master of the Trin.
House 1 71 5-1 9, Elder Brother 1715-36; P.C. 17 Apr. 1717. First Lord
of the Admiralty 1717-27, when he was dismissed for opposing Sir Robert
Walpole. Vice Admiral of Great Britain (an honorary office) 1 8 Mar. 1 7 1 7/8
till his death. He was four times (17 19, 1720, 1726 and 1727) one of the
Lords Justices RECENTwhen theKingwent to Hanover; nom. K.G. 3 1 Mar.,
and inst. 30 Apr. 1718. He m., about 13 Feb. 1710/1, "at her father's
country house," LouisajC") ist da. of Charles (Lennox), ist Duke of Rich-
mond, by Anne, da. of Francis Brudenell, styled Lord Brudenell, s. andh.
ap. of Robert, Earl of Cardigan. She, who was b. 24 Dec. 1 694, and who,
on 30 Oct. 1 7 14, was appointed a Lady of the Bedchamber to Caroline,
Princess of Wales, d. of the small pox, 15, and was ^ar. 24 Jan. 1716/7,
at Berkeley, in her 23rd year. Admon. 19 Dec. 17 19. He d. at the
Duke of Richmond's Castle of Aubigny, in France, 17 Aug., and was bur.
31 Oct. 1736, at Berkeley. Will dat. 23 May 1735, pr. 4 Oct. 1736.
(*) See note " g " on previous page.
C") Swift says of her at this time, "The chit is but 17 and is ill-natured, covetous,
vicious, and proud in extremes." Lord Hervey writes of him, "He was a man of
great family and great quality, rough, proud, hard, and obstinate, with excellent good
natural parts, but so uncultivated that he was totally ignorant of every branch of
knowledge but his profession. He was haughty and tyrannical, but honourable,
gallant, observant of his word; equally incapable of flattering a prince, bending to
a minister, or lying to anybody he had to deal with." {Memoirs of the Reign of George II,
vol. i, p. 49). V.G.
142 BERKELEY
EARLDOM. 1 4 and I2. Augustus (Berkeley), Earl of
jy Berkeley, ^c, only s. and h., l>. i8 Feb. 171 5/6.
g Ensign ist. reg. of Foot Guards, Nov. 1734, Lieut.
BARONY ' ^°'' ""^ ^^S' ^°'~*^ Guards, 1737, Col. of a reg. sent
against the Jacobites in 1745. Lord Lieut, of co.
XIL J Gloucester and Constable of St. Briavel's Castle,
1737 till his death. K.T. 9 June 1739. A Whig
in politics. He m., 7 May 1 744 (reg. at St. James's, Westm., and at Berkeley
and at Cranford afsd.), Elizabeth,^) ist da. of Henry Drax, of EUerton
Abbey, co. York, by Elizabeth, da. and h. of Sir Edward Ernle, Bart., of
Charborough, Dorset. He d. 9, and was i>ur. 1 7 Jan. 1 755, at Berkeley, aged
nearly 39. Will dat. 18 Dec. 1751, pr. Feb. 1755. His widow, who was
Lady of the Bedchamber to the Princess of Wales 1745, m., 2 Jan. 1757, at
her house in Spring Gardens, St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, as his 3rd wife,
Robert (Nugent), ist Earl Nugent [L], who d'. 14 Oct. 1788. She d. 29,
and was ^«r. 30 June 1792, at Berkeley, aged 72. Will pr. July 1792.
EARLDOM
V.
BARONY.
XIIL
5 and 13. Frederick Augustus (Berkeley),
Earl of Berkeley, &'c., s. and h., i>. 24 May,
and l>iip. 10 June 1745, at St. Martin's-in-the-
'-*-•■ Fields. Lord Lieut, of co. Gloucester, High
Steward of Gloucester, Constable of St. Briavel's
and Warden of the Forest of Dean, all 1766 till
his death. Col. in the army (during service)
1779 and 1794.C') A Whig in politics. He m. Mary, da. of William
Cole, of Wotton, near Gloucester, " Publican and Butcher."('^)
This marriage is said to have been first celebrated (according to the
oath in 181 1 of the lady herself, before the Lords' Committee for
Privileges) 30 Mar. 1785, at Berkeley ;('^) and (subsequently) according
to undoubted evidence (he and she being respectively styled " Bachelor "
and "Spinster"), 16 May 1796, "very privately," at Lambeth Church,
Surrey. He ^. 8 Aug. 18 10, aged 6^.('') He settled Berkeley Castle,
(^) "There is nothing so black of which she is not capable. Her gallantries are
the whitest specks about her." (Horace Walpole). V.G.
C") As to his taste for "hare hunting" see vol. i, Appendix H.
(■=) An interesting account of the career of this lady, who, until 1796, generally
went under the name of " Miss Tudor," is given in the Annual Register for 1 884,
p. 278.
(f) A fac-simile of this marriage-entry is given in the Minutes of Evidence, and in
a narrative pub. in 1811. Though numbered "74," the entry is at the end of the
Berkeley Parish Register book, while a totally different marriage {viz. the genuine
"No. 74") is in the right place. The Marquess of Buckingham and others declared
their belief that, with the exception of the signatures of Mary Cole and of [her br.,
one of the witnesses] William Tudor, the whole was in the handwriting of the Earl
of Berkeley himself.
(^) He appears in 1773 with a Miss Bayley, " Lord B. and Miss B . . . . y," in the
notorious tete a tete portraits in Town and Country Mag., for an account of which see
BERKELEY 143
tfc, (as well as other his estates) on his ist s., William Fitz Hardinge
Berkeley, who from 1796, though not previously, was styled Viscount
Dursley.(*) Will dat. 12 Apr., pr. 31 Aug. iSiof") by his widow and by
"William, Viscount Dursley.'" His widow d. 30 Oct. 1844, at Cranford
afsd., aged 77, and was hur. there. Will pr. May 1845.
After the Earl's death in 18 10, in consequence of the non-proof of the
legitimacy of William, his above-mentioned ist s. and devisee (whose claim
to his father's honours was disallowed, without a dissentient voice, by the
House of Lords, on i July 181 1, on the ground that the alleged marriage
of 1785 (°) had not been proved), the Peerage dignities held by this Earl
became dormant^ not being assumed for 72 years, and not established till
81 years, after his death. C^) The right to them, however, devolved
as under.
EARLDOM
VI.
BARONY
XIV.
6 and 14. Thomas Moreton Fitzhardinge
Berkeley, de jure Earl of Berkeley [1679],
n Viscount Dursley [1679], and Lord Berkeley
[142 i], who, however, never assumed such titles,
nor bore (since infancy) any style other than
"the Hon." He was the 5th, but ist legit, s.
and h. of his parents, being born five months after
the date (16 May 1796) of their marriage. He was b. at Cranford
afsd., 19 Oct., and bap. 19 Nov. 1796, as ' Lord Dursley," at St. Martin's-
in-the-Fields,(^) but ceased, at an early age, to be so styled, his eldest
N.&Q., loth Ser., vol. iv, pp. 241-2, and Appendix B in the last vol. of this work.
In Gents Mag.^ June 1798, is the following reference to him and Mary Cole : —
"A noble Earl some years ago formed a tender connexion with a yoimg woman, the
daughter of a tradesman of the name of Tudor in Gloucestershire ; and by this lady
his Lordship has a numerous family. It was thought till very lately that the parties
had lived together in an unmarried state, but that turns out not to be the fact ; his
Lordship has publicly declared his marriage, and his eldest son now assumes the title
of Viscount." V.G.
{f) See FitzHardinge, Earldom of, cr. 1841.
C') In this will is a clause, making null all benefits to be derived thereunder to
any who may "call into question or dispute the right of the said William, Viscount
Dursley, or any of my said sons, or their or any of their issue male to the Earldom
of Berkeley, or his or their right and title to the benefit of the devises on the ground
of the invalidity of the marriage solemnized by me in the year 1785."
("^) See note " d " on previous page.
('^) As to the claim made to the Barony of Berkeley 1 823-1 830, and again
1858-1861 as a Barony by tenure, see observations {cirta finem) at the head of this
article, pp. 120, 121, and for some of the results if it were possible to conceive of a
Barony by tenure in modern times, see vol. i, p. 31, note "g."
(') His mother is described in that entry as Countess of Berkeley, though the
baptism there recorded of the previous child (18 Mar. 1795) is as child "of the Earl
ot Berkeley, by Mary Cole." The entry in the Berkeley parish register of Thomas's
144 BERKELEY
(though illegit.) br. being (subsequently) so designated. He matric. at
Oxford (Corpus) i6 June 1814. He d. unm., 27 Aug. 1882, in his
87th year,(*) at Cranford afsd., and was bur. there. At his death the
Barony of Berkeley [1421] passed to the heir general of the body of the
1st Baron (as set out below), but the Earldom and Viscountcy devolved
on the heir male of the body of the grantee thereof,C') w'z: —
EARLDOM.
VII.
7. George Lennox Fitzhardinge (Berkeley),
1882. Earl of Berkeley and Viscount Dursley, cousin
and h. male, being 3rd and yst. but only surv.
s. and h, of Gen. Sir George Henry Frederick Berkeley, K.C.B. {d.
2^ Sep. 1857, aged 72), by Lucy, da. and coh. of Sir Thomas Sutton,
Bart., which Sir George was ist s. and h. of Admiral the Hon. Sir
George Cranfield Berkeley, G.C.B. {d. 25 Feb. 1818, aged 64), next br.
to the 5th Earl. He was i. 25 Feb. 1827; was sometime an officer in
the army; sue. to the peerage 27 Aug. 1882, but, his right thereto not
having been established, never took his seat. He w., 22 Feb. i860,
Cecile, divorced wife of Admiral the Hon. Sir Fleetwood Broughton
Reynolds Pellew, 2nd da. and coh. of Edward Drummond, (Count
Drummond de Melfort, in France) by Maria NASMYTH,his wife. He d.
in Dover Str., 27 Aug. 1888, aged 61, and was bur. in the family vault
at Moseley, Surrey. His widow living 191 1.
VIII. 1888. 8. Randal Mowbray Thomas (Berkeley), Earl
OF Berkeley and Viscount Dursley [1679], only
s. and h., b. 30 Jan. 1865; entered the Royal Navy 1881; Lieut. 1887;
ityled Viscount Dursley, 1882-88. His right to the peerage was
established 31 July 1891. F.R.S. 1908. He w., 9 Aug. 1887, Kate,
widow of Arthur Jackson, yst. da. of William Brand. She d. s.p.^
29 Mar. 1898, suddenly, at Foxcombe, near Abingdon, and was bur. at
V^ootton, Berks.
The right to the Barony of Berkeley (') devolved on the death
(27 Aug. 1882) of the {de jure) 6th Earl of Berkeley, &c., (who
was both heir general and heir male of the body of the Baron so sum.)
as below.
baptism there without the description of Lord Dursley, appears to be one of a series
of fraudulent entries made therein by his father (together with his marriage entry of
30 Mar. 1785), when he (late in life) conceived the idea of legitimating the four
bastard sons, who were born before 1796.
(*) The Hon. George Charles Grantley FitzHardinge Berkeley, his next br. and h.
presumptive (M.P. for West Gloucestershire 1832-52, and well known for his sport-
ing, political and literary career), d. 20 Feb. 1 881, aged 81, s.p.s.^ having survived his
two sons, of whom one had attained the age of 40 and the other that of 5 I .
C") For instances of Earldoms held without Baronies, see vol. vii, Appendix G.
(') For some remarks on this Barony, see vol. vii, Appendix C.
BERKELEY
Pedigree illustrating the descent of the Barony of Berkeley.
145
I. Thomas de Berkeley who, by male descent from his great grandfather, Maurice
Fitz Robert Fitz Harding, was sixth feudal Lord of Berkeley, co. Gloucester. Sum.
to Pari, by wnt,_£295 to 1321 ;</. 1321.
I and II. Maurice, Lord Berkeley, s. and h., sum. to Pari, by writ in his father's
lifetime, 1308 to_i32l;a'. 1326.
Thomas, Lord Berkeley, s. and h., sum. by writ, 1329 to 1360;
II and III.
d. 1361.
III and IV.
d. 1368.
Maurice, Lord Berkeley, s. and h., sum. by writ, 1362 to 1367/8;
T
I
IV' and V. Thomas, Lord Berkeley, s. and h.,
sum. by writ, 1381 to 1415; d.s.p.m., 1417.
V and V'l.? Elizabeth, da. and sole h. [Baron-
ess Berkeley?] m. (as his 1st wife) Richard
(Beauch.imp), Earl of Warwick, who laid claim
{jure uxoris) to the Barony of Berkeley. She d.
s.p.m., 28 Dec. 1422, when any Barony to which
she might have been entitled fell into abeyance
between her daughters. __
J
I
James de Berkeley, 2nd son, d. v.f. 1405.
I. James de Berkeley, s. and h., sue. to the
Berkeley estates under the entail to heirs
male. Sum. to Pari, by writ Oct. 142 1
to 1461 ; d. 1463.
I
Margaret, ist da.
and coh. of her
mother, OT. (as his
2nd wife) John
(Talbot), Earl of
Shrewsbury, and
d. 14 June 1468.
%
Eleanor, 2nd da.,
m. istly Thomas
(de Ros), Lord
Ros, and andly
Edmund (Beau-
fort), Duke of
Somerset. She
^.1467.=
I
Elizabeth, 3rd
and yst. da.,
m. George
(Nevill),Lord
Latimer, and
d. 1480.
%
I
II. William, Lord
Berkeley, s. and h., cr.
Marquess of Berke-
ley, 1 489. He-/. /././.,
1492, having settled
the Berkeley estates
on Henry V'll and
the heirs male of his
body.
I
=111. Maurice
de Berkeley, i/if
jure (apparent-
ly) Lord Ber-
keley, though
never sum. to
Pari., br. and
\i.,d. 1507.
'IV. Maurice de Berkeley, de jure (apparently)
Lord Berkeley, s. and h. Was (apparently)
sum. as a Baron in Apr. 1523, but never took
his seat. He d. s.p. legit., 1 2 Sep. 1523.
I
»V. Thomas, Lord Berkeley, br. and h.,
who by writ, 9 Aug. 1529, was sum.
as a Baron; d. 1533.
J
"\'I. Thomas, Lord Berkeley, s. and h., who, by writ, 5 Jan. 1533/4, was sum. as a
Baron, and, though not possessed of the Berkeley estates, was placed in the precedency of the
third B.won on the roll. He d. 1534.
VII. Henry, Lord Berkeley, s. and h., who sue. (13 May 1555) to the Berkeley estates,
attaining his full age 26 Nov. 1555. He was sum. as a Baron (Lord Berkeley) by writ
1558 to 1606, being placed in no higher precedency than w-is his father, who had not possessed
the said estates. He </. i6m. =
Vide page 146
^ None of these were possessed of the Berkeley estates, which from 1492 to 1553 were
vested in Henry VII and the heirs male of his body.
146
BERKELEY
Pedigree illustrating the descent of the Barony of Berkeley since 1613,
as well as the heirship to the Earldom of Ormond [I.] cr. 1529.
Thomas (Boleyn) Viscount Rochford, cr. 8 Dec. 1529, Earl of Wiltshire in tad male and, at
the same date, Earl of Ormond [I.], the latter creation being with rem. "to his heirs," i.e.
heirs genera/. He d. 1538 s.p.m.s., when the said Earldom of Ormond fell (apparently) into
, i
abeyance.
Henry VIII, King
of England, I 509, d.
28 Jan. I 54.6/7.
r
Anne, da. and coh.,
m. 25 Jan. i 532/3,15/-
tainted,v.p.,\ 5,andbe-
headed 19 May 1 5 36.
\
William Carey, d. = Mary, da. and coh..
22 June 1529.
4 Feb. 1 5 20/1,
19 July 1543.
Elizabeth, only child of her mother.
Queen of England, 1558, d. unm.,
24 Mar. 1602/3.
r
Henry Carey, s. and h.,l>. 4 Mar.
1525/6, cr. Lord Hunsdon 1559;
d- 1596- J
From page 145
A
I
Sir Thomas Berkeley, s. and h. ap. of
Henry, Lord Berkeley, d. v. p., i6l I.
r
t George (Carey) Lord Hunsdon, s. and h., who, on the
death of his cousin. Queen Elizabeth, was sole h. to his great
grandfather Thomas (Boleyn) Earl of Ormond [I.], and as
such (apparently) entitled to that Earldom. Hed'.9Sep. 1603.
tElizabeth, da. and sole h., b. 1576;
m. 1596. She (/. 23 Apr. 1635.
t George, Lord Berkeley, s. and h., who in 1613 sue. his paternal grandfather in that
dignity and who in 1635 ^^'"- ^^'^ mother in her (apparent) right to the Earldom of Ormond
[I.]. He d'. 1658.
I
J
t George, Lord Berkeley, cr. Earl of Berkeley and Viscount Dursley, 1679; d. 1698.
t Charles, Earl of Berkeley, tifc. ; d. 1 7 1 o.
t James, Earl of Berkeley, fife; d. 1736.
t Augustus, Earl of Berkeley, We; d. 1755.
. I .
t Frederick Augustus, Earl of Berkeley,
yc. and Lord Berkeley; d. 1810.
1 I
Sir George Cranfield Berkeley, G.C.B.
d. 18 18. "l
. .1
William F. Berkeley,
I St son of the alleged
marriage of 1785,
cr. Lord Segrave
183 I, and EarlFitz-
Hardingc 1841. He
d. unm. 1857.
Maurice F. F. Berke-
ley, 2nd son of the
alleged marriage of
1785, cr. Lord Fitz-
Hardinge 1861 ; d.
1867.
I ^1
t Thomas Moreton F. Craven
Berkeley who as ist son of F. Ber-
the undoubted marriage of keley,
1796 was entitled to be yst.s.,a'.
Earl op Berkeley, Eifc. s.p.m.,
Hea'. unm. 1882, aged 87. 1 855.
Sir
George
H. F.
Berke-
ley,
K.C.B.,
^.1857.
Francis W. F. (Berkeley),
Lord Fitz - Hardinge, b.
1826; d. s.p., 1896.
Charles P. F. Berkeley,
Lord Fitz-Hardinge, 2nd
andyst. s., b. 1830; living
s.p., 1910.
t Louisa Mary, only da. and h.
(as h. gen. of her grandfather) in
1882, entitled to the Dignity
of Baroness Berkeley, d. 1899.
%
George L. F. Berkeley, who in
1882 became entitled (as h.
male of his great-grandfather)
to be Earl of Berkeley and
Viscount Dursley, d. 1888.
%
t These so marked were (as heirs gen. of Thomas Boleyn, Earl of Wiltshire and Earl of
Ormond) apparently entitled to the Earldom of Ormond [I.]. See this matter most ably
treated under " the Earldoms of Ormond" by J. H. Round, in Foster's Coll. Gen., pp. 84-93.
BERKELEY 147
BARONY BY 15. Louisa Mary, suo Jure, Baroness Berkeley,
WRIT. niece and h. general, da. and h. of the Hon. Craven
„„ „„^ Fitzhardinge Berkeley, by his I St wife, Augusta, widow
■ ^ "■ of George" Henry Talbot, formerly Augusta Jones,
TJTrrnrMlQTrn spinster, illegit. da. of Sir Horace St. Paul, Bart., of
KiiCUUINlbliU g^^j.^ p^^j^^ Northumberland, which Craven (who d.
1893. s.p.m., I July 1855, aged 50) was the 3rd and yst. br.,
but the only one who left surv. issue, of the 6th
(Je Jure) Earl abovenamed. She was i. 28 May 1840, in Mansfield Str.,
Marylebone. She m., 3 Apr. 1872, Major Gen. Gustavus Hamilton
Lockwood Milman, Royal Artillery. Her right to the Peerage was
declared by letters patent 12 June 1893. She (/. 10 Dec. 1899, at
Martin's Heron, Bracknell, Berks. Will pr. over ;£6,ooo gross and
over ^1^2,000 net personalty.
XVI. 1899. ^^- Eva MARY,iao_;«rf, BaronessBerkeley[i42i],(*)
only child and h., i-. 4 Mar. i^j^,m., 5 Aug. 1903, Frank
Wigram Foley, D.S.O., Major R. Berkshire Regt.
BERKELEY OF STRATTON
BARONY. I. John Berkeley, 5th and yst. s.^") of Sir Maurice
T ^ „ B., of Bruton, Somerset, by Elizabeth, da. of Sir Henry
^ ' Killigrew, of Hanworth, Midx., was I/ap. at Hanworth,
I Feb. 1606/7, and matric. at Oxford (Queen's Coll.) 14 Feb. 1622/3.
Ambassador to Christina, Queen of Sweden, Jan. 1636/7. Being a
Commander in the Army against the Scots, he was knighted by the
King at Berwick, 27 July 1639. M.P. for Heytesbury in the Short Pari.,
Apr. i640.('') During the rebellion he was one of the most eminent
officers of the Royal party; in 1642 (as Commissary Gen.) he secured
nearly the whole of Cornwall ; and being in joint command with
Sir Ralph Hopton, (subsequently he was Gen. of all the Royal forces in
Devon) he won divers battles against the insurgents at Bradock, Saltash,
Launceston, Stratton, and Modbury, investing and reducing Exeter, of
which he was made Governor, being holder of that office during the time of
the Queen's giving birth there to the Princess Henrietta Maria. This city he
afterwards (13 Apr. 1645) was forced to surrender, on honourable terms,
to Fairfax. He attended the King in his ill-fated journey to the Isle of
(*) For a list of the only recognised Parliaments (down to 1500) which furnish a
date of origin for Baronies by writ now (191 1) existing, see vol. vi. Appendix G. V.G.
C") Charles Berkeley, the ist s. of this Sir Maurice, became in 1665 (by succession
to his own son the Earl of Falmouth) Viscount Fitz-Hardinge [I.]. See tabular ped. of
this branch of the family (a cadet line of the Berkeleys of Stoke, co. Gloucester) under
"Botetourt."
('^) He was also elected for Reading. He did not sit in the Long Pari., and so tvas
not expelled, as stated in Did. Nat. Biog. V.G.
148
BERKELEY
Wight. During his exile he was, in 1652, made Comptroller of the Duke
of York's household. By patent, dat. at Brussels, 19 May i658,(^) he was
cr. BARON BERKELEY OF STRATTON, Cornwall, in commemoration
of his victory over the insurgents at that place. Commissioner of the Navy
1660-64; Gov. of Galway, and Constable of Athlone Castle,26 Dec.i66i;
LordPres. of Connaught 1662-66; P.C. 17 June 1663; chief Commissioner
for executing the office of Master Gen. of the Ordnance, 1 665-70; Lord
Lieut, of Ireland 4 Feb. 1669/70 to May 1672. Ambassador to France
1675-76. He m. Christian, widow of John Gayer, of Stoke Pogis, and
formerly of Henry Rich, slyled hoRD Kensington (who d. Apr. 1659), da.
and h. of Sir Andrew Riccard, of St. Olave's, Hart Str., London (Gov.of the
East India Co.), by Katharine, his wife. He d'. at Twickenham, 28 Aug.,
and was l?ur. there 5 Sep. 1678, aged 71. Will dat. 21 Jan. 1672, pr.
2 Oct. 1678. His widow, who was l>ap. 19 Mar. 1638/9, at St. Olave's
afsd., </. 27 Aug., and was iur. 1 Sep. 1698, at Twickenham.
II. 1678. 2. Charles (Berkeley), Baron Berkeley of Strat-
ton, s. and h., !>. 18 June 1662. Capt. of "the Tiger"
man-of-war. Hed'. 6 Mar. 168 1/2, of small-pox, at sea, "in the streights,"
unm.,inhis 2ist year. Burial reg. 28 Aug. 1682, at St. Mary, Alderman-
bury, London, and also 21 Sep. 1682 at Twickenham, where he was bur.(^)
Admon. ii Apr. 1684, to his mother.
III. 1682. 3. John (Berkeley), Baron Berkeley of Stratton,
br. and h., matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 3 Aug. 1677, then
aged 17. Ent. the Navy; ist Lieut. 14 Apr. 1685; Capt. 9 July 1686;
Rear Adm. 14 Dec. 1688. Was in action off Bantry Bay, i May 1689.
Adm. of the Blue 12 July 1693. He was Col. of the 2nd Reg. of Marines;
and of the 4th Horse, 1692-93. Groom of the Stole and ist Gent, of the
Bedchamber to Prince George of Denmark. A Tory in politics. He »?.,
8 Mar. i69i/2,('') Jane Martha, sister of Henry, ist Viscount Palmerston
[I.], da. of Sir John Temple, of East Sheen, Surrey, by Jane, da. ofSir Abraham
Yarner, of Dublin. He d. s.p.m.s., of pleurisy, 27 Feb., and was bur.
5 Mar. i6()6/j, at Twickenham. Will dat. 25 Apr. 1696, pr. 15 Apr.
\6<)'].(f) His widow, who was b. 1672, was sometime one of the Maids of
Honour, and m. (as his 2nd wife), 12 May 1700, at Chiswick, Midx., (lie.
Fac. Off. 9) William (Bentinck), ist Earl of Portland, who d. 23 Nov.
1709. She was appointed, Apr. 171 8, and again Jan. 1737, and June 1738,
Governess to the daughters of George II, both when he was Prince of
(*) For a list of Peerages cr. by Charles II during his exile, see vol. v, Appendix E.
O') Luttrell's Diary.
(^) "Lord Berkeley [of Stratton] and Col. Granvill fought a duel yesterday."
Luttrell's Diary, 3 Mar. 1 69 1/2.
(f) In it he leaves 200 guineas to Mrs. Ann Bracegirdle, " at present belonging
to the new playhouse in Lincolns Inn fields."
BERKELEY 149
Wales and King. She d. 26 June 1751, at Whitehall, aged 79, and was
bur. with her father, at IMortlake, Surrey. Will dat. 23 Feb. 1750, pr.
20 July 1 75 1.
IV. 1697. 4. William (Berkeley), Baron Berkeley of Strat-
TON, yst. and only surv. br. and h., Master of the
Rolls [I.] 20 June 1696 for life, resigning Oct. 1731; P.C. [I.] c. 1696;
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, 20 Sep. 17 10-14. P.C. [G.B.]2i Sep.
1710. First Lord of Trade and the Plantations 1714-15. A Tory in politics.
He m. Frances, sister to his brother's wife abovenamed, yst. da. of Sir John
Temple, by Jane, da. of Sir Abraham Yarner, abovenamed. She d. in child-
bed, 1 6, and was bur. 2 1 July 1 707, at Twickenham. He d.i\ Mar. 1 740/ 1 ,
at his seat at Bruton, Somerset, and was bur. there. Will dat. 2 June 1 737,
pr. 20 Apr. 1 74 1.
V. 1 741 5. John (Berkeley), Baron Berkeley of Stratton,
to s. and h., matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 13 Aug. 17 13, being
1773. then probably about 16. M.P. for Stockbridge 1735-41. (^)
He was Capt. of the Yeomen of the Guard, 1743-46.
P.C. 13 Feb. 1752. Treasurer of the Household 1755-56. Capt. of
the Gent. Pensioners 1756-62. Constable of the Tower of London, and
Lord Lieut, of the Tower Hamlets 1762-70. He m. Elizabeth. He
d. s.p., 18 Apr. 1773, at Bruton Abbey, afsd., when his Peerage became
extinct. Will dat. 21 May 1772, pr. 13 May 1773, whereby he devised
his estates C") (subject to a life interest therein of Mrs. Ann Egerton, da.
of the Bishop of Hereford) to (his distant cousin) the Earl of Berkeley and
his heirs male, so as to continue the same in the male line of the race of
Berkeley. His widow d. about Dec. i']'j6.{^)
BERKELEY OF RATHDOWNE
i.e. "Berkeley of Rathdowne, co. Wicklow," Barony [L] {Berkeley)^
see "Fitz-Hardinge," Viscountcy [L], cr. 1663 ; extinct 17 12.
BERKELEY CASTLE
i.e. "Segrave of Berkeley Castle, co. Gloucester," Barony (5(?r^f%),
cr. 1831, see "Fitz-Hardinge," Earldom, cr. 1841; extinct 1857.
(f) He voted with the Tories in the Commons; in his later years he generally sup-
ported the Court, and the Govt, of the day. V.G.
C') These, besides those in other counties, comprised the valuable property in
Middlesex, now the site of Berkeley Square, Stratton Street, Bruton Street, &c., still
held by the Berkeley family.
(^) Her death is given in Gents Mag., Jan. i "]"]"]■
ISO BERKSHIRE
BERKHAMPSTED
i.e. "Berkhampsted, co. Hertford," Marquessate {H.R.H. William
Augustus), see "Cumberland," Dukedom of, cr. 1726; extinct 1765.
BERKSHIRE
EARLDOM. I. Francis (Norris), Lord Norris of Rycote, who
had sue. his grandfather in that dignity in 1 600, and been
L 1 62 1 sum. to Pari, therein from 17 Oct. 1601 to 5 Apr. 16 14,
to was, on 28 Jan. 1 620/1, cr. VISCOUNT THAME and
1624. EARL OF BERKSHIRE,(^) both of which titles became
extinct 29 Jan. 1623/4, on his death, s.p.tn. legit. See
fuller account under "Norris of Rycote," Barony by Writ, cr. 1572.
II. 1626. I. The Hon. Thomas Howard, of Charlton, Wilts,
2nd s. of Thomas, ist Earl of Suffolk, by his 2nd wife,
Catharine, ist da. and coh. of Sir Henry Knyvett, of Charlton, afsd., was
b. about 1590, and ed. at Cambridge; K.B. 6 Jan. 1604/5; M.P. for
Lancaster 1605-11, for Wilts 1614, and for Cricklade 1620-22. Master
of the Horse to Charles, Prince of Wales, 16 14. On 22 Jan. 162 1/2
(being designed to be the heir to his mother in her Wiltshire estates), he
was cr. BARON HOWARD OF CHARLETON, Wilts, and VISCOUNT
ANDOVER, CO. Southampton. Nom. K.G. 1 5 May and inst. 1 3 Dec. 1 625.
On 7 Feb. 1 625/6, he was cr. EARL OF BERKSHIRE,^) all these honours
being conferred in the lifetime of his father. C") Joint Lord Lieut, of Oxon
1628-32, and sole 1632-42; and was cr. M.A. of Oxford Univ. 31 Aug.
i636.('') About 1638 he Jz^c, on his mother's death, to her estate at Charlton,
£5?c. P.C. 1 639, and 1 660. One of the Commissioners to treat with the Scots
at Ripon, Sep. i640.('^) He was imprisoned in the Tower by the Pari.
party, but was released in 1643, as "a man that could do them no harm
anywhere. "(") He was Governor to the Prince of Wales 1643-46, but
did not accompany him to France. Gent, of the Bedchamber 1661-69.
He ?K., 26 May 1614, Elizabeth, ist da. and coh. of William (Cecil), 2nd
Earl of Exeter, by his 2nd wife, Elizabeth, da. of Sir William Drury.
He d. 16, and was bur. 20 July 1669, at Westm. Abbey. His widow
was bur. there 24 Aug. 1672.
(=•) In the patent of 1621 it is '■'■Comes Berkshire" while in that of 1626 it is
"Comes Berk'" or "Berk;e"= Berks.
('') For a list of the 8 Earls cr. at this date (of whom Berkshire was ranked 2nd),
see note sub Thomas, Earl of Cleveland [1625].
(■=) For a list of Peers cr, M.A. on this occasion, see note sub Henry, Earl of
Sunderland [June 1643].
('^)For a list of these 16 "popular" Peers, see note sub Robert, Earl of Essex
[1604].
if) Clarendon, who speaks contemptuously of him as one whose "affection for the
Crown was good; his interest and reputation less than anything but his under-
standing." V.G.
BERKSHIRE 151
III. 1669. 2. Charles (Howard), Earl of Berkshire, ^c,
s. and h., t. about 1615; K.B. at the coronation of
Charles I, i Feb. 1625/6. M.P. for Oxford, 1640 (both Short and Long
Paris.). He was sum. to Pari, v.p., in his father's Barony 3 Nov. (1640)
16 Car. l,{^) by writ directed Carolo Howard de Charlton Chivaler, and took
his seat 19 Nov. following. Gent, of the Bedchamber, 1658, but not after
the Restoration. He m., 10 Apr. 1637, Dorothy, da. of Thomas (Savage),
Viscount Savage, by Elizabeth, sm jure Countess Rivers.^") W&d. s.p.m.,
at the Hospital called "Z-^ Charite^' at Paris, Apr. 1679, and was bur. in
the cloisters thereof Will dat. 5 Sep. 1673, signed 24 Oct. 1678, pr.
4 June 1679. His widow d. 6, and was bur. 10 Dec. 1691, at Ewelme,
Oxon, aged 80. Will dat. 4 Dec. 1688, pr. 9 Dec. 1691,
IV. 1679. 3. Thomas (Howard), Earl of Berkshire, tfc, br.
and h. male, bap. 14 Nov. 16 19, at St. Martin's-in-the-
Fields. M.P. for Wallingford 1641-44, when he was "disabled" as a
Royalist. Col. of a Reg. of Horse {ex parte Regis) Sep. 1643. As a Peer
he supported the Tories. He m., istly, Frances, da. of Sir Richard Harri-
son, of Hurst, Berks, by Frances, da. and coh. of George Garrard, 2nd s.
of Sir William G., sometime Lord Mayor of London. She, who was some-
time Maid of Honour to Queen Henrietta Maria, d. s.p.m., 8 May 1658, at
Prior, Berks. He ?;/., 2ndly, Mary, da. of Sir Thomas Parker, of Ratton,
Sussex, by Philadelphia, da. of Henry (Lennard), Lord Dacre. She was
bap. 15 May 1637, at Willingdon, Sussex. He d. 12 Apr. 1706, "in his
90th year,"('=) and was bur. at Charlton afsd. Will dat. 24 Sep. 1705, pr.
21 June 1706.
V. 1706. 4. Henry Bowes (Howard), Earl of Berkshire,
i^c, cousin and h. male, being only s. and h. of Craven
Howard, the only s. and h. of William H., 4th s. of Thomas, ist
Earl of Berkshire abovenamed. On 22 Apr. 1745, he sue. his cousin as
Earl of Suffolk, with which title the Earldom of Berkshire, i^c, has
since been united. See "Suffolk," Earldom of, cr. 1603.
BERMINGHAM
I. William of BERMiNGHAM,s.andh. of William B., of Birmingham,
CO. Warwick, by Maud his wife, was knighted before 5 Edw. Ill, and is
called "senior" 9 Edw. III. He was sum., 5 Apr. (1327) i Edw. Ill, by
(^) Not 1 5 Car. I, as in Dugdale's Summonses. For a list of eldest sons of Peers sum.
v.p. to Pari., see vol. i, Appendix G.
C") " Lord Andover hath lately married Mrs. Dorothy Savage, contrary to his
father's liking and his protestations to him, but si violandum est Jus it was to be done
for her." (Letter of Viscount Conway, 21 Apr. 1637. Hist. .MSS. Com., 14th
Rep., App., Part ii, p. 42). V.G.
(■=) Hearru; 17 Apr. I 706. His da. Eh'zabeth m. the poet Dryden, i Dec. 1663,
aged about 25.
152 BERMINGHAM
writ directed Wilklmo de Bermingham^ to attend the King at Newcastle-
upon-Tyne with horse and arms, but such sum. did not constitute a writ
of summons to Pari.
2. FuLK.oFBERMiNGHAM,s.andh.,servedintheFrenchWars 1340-56,
and fought at Crecy and Poitiers. M.P. for co. Warwick and Bucks, in
various Paris, between 1350 and 1373. He m. Joan.
John of Bermingham, s. and h., a knight, and in the French Wars in
1373. M.P. for Bucks 1377 and 1380, and for co. Warwick 1380, 138 1,
and 1384. He m., before 3 July 1356 (when she was aged 9), Elizabeth,
da. and eventually sole h. of William de la Plaunche, of Haversham,
Bucks, by Elizabeth, yr. of the 2 daughters and coheirs of Sir Roger
Hillary, of Bescot, Staffs. He d. s.p. before 1393. His widow w., as
his 2nd wife, Robert Grey [Lord Grey of Rotherfield], and 3rdly, as
his 2nd wife, John Clinton [Lord Clinton], and 4thly, before 1402-3, Sir
John Russell. She d. s.p., 1423, after i Sep., and was bur. at Haversham.
Inq.p. m. (1423-4) 2 Hen. VL
Elizabeth of Bermingham, niece and h., being only child of Thomas
of Bermingham, ('') by Isabel Whitacre, which Thomas was yr. s., the
only one who left issue, of Fulk of B. afsd. She m. Thomas de la
Roche, of Castle Bromwich, co. Warwick.C")
BERMINGHAM DE ATHENRY see ATHENRY
BERNARD
i.e. " Bernard Viscountcy," [I.] {Bernard)., see " Bandon," Earldom of
[L], cr. 1800.
BERNARD see also BARNARD
(^) Dugdale writes (vol. ii, p. 108) "The collateral male heir continued much
longer and possessed that fair Lordship of Bermingham until, towards the end of
King Henry the Eighth's time, that Edward Bermingham, the last of them was
oddly wrested out of it by John Dudley, a person of no small interest, afterwards
Duke of Northumberland."
C") Of her two daughters and coheirs, (i) Alienor m. Edmund (de Ferrers), Lord
Ferrers (of Chartley), and was ancestress of the succeeding Lords, and (2) Elizabeth
m. Charles Longueville, and was ancestress of the Lords Grey (of Ruthin).
BERNERS
153
BERNERS(^)
BARONY BY i. Sir John Bourchier, 4th s. of Sir William
WRIT. Bourchier, Count of Eu in Normandy, by Anne,(^)
I lAfc ^^- °f Thomas (surnamed " of Woodstock "),Q Du'ke
OF Gloucester, 6th s. of Edward III. He was
knighted 19 May 1426, at Leicester, by the Duke of Bedford, and
was sum. to Pari, from 26 May (1455) 23 Hen. VI to 19 Aug. (1472)
12 Edw. IV,{^) by writs directed JoAaHni Bourghchier de Bernen chivakr
whereby he is held to have become LORD BERNERS. (■=) K.G. before
23 Apr. 1459. Constable of Windsor Castle 17 Dec. 1461-74. ' He m.
Margery, widow of John Ferreby (who d. s.p. ; will dat. i Oct., pr. 12 Nov.'
1441), and da. and h. of Sir Richard Berners, of West Horsley, Surrey
(said to have been usually spoken of as Lord Berners),(') by Philippe, da.
of Sir Edward Dalyngridge. He d. 16 or 21 May 1474, and was /'/^r at
Chertsey Abbey, Surrey. Will dat. 21 Mar. 1473/4, pr. 21 June I474.(^)
His widow d. 18 Dec. 1475. Inq. p. m. 30 Apr. (1476) 16 Edw. IV.
^^- ^474 2. John (Bourchier), Lord Berners, grandson and
to h., being s. and h. of Sir Humphrey B., by Elizabeth,^)
1533. da. and sole h. of Frederick Tylney, of Boston, co.
Lincoln, which Humphrey was s. and h. ap. of the last
Lord and d. v.p.y being slain at the battle of Barnet (on the Yorkist side),
(0 In Collins's Baronies by Writ, pp. 331 sqq., there is an elaborate account of the
Barony of Berners, to prove the claim thereto of Katherine Bokenham, drawn up by
Peter Le Neve, Norroy, in 17 17. This account has been used in the text V G
C') She was sole h. to her br., Humphrey, Earl of Buckingham, and thus trans-
mitted to her representatives the right of quartering the royal arms as differenced in
the grant thereof to her said father.
n As to his supposed name of "Plantagenet," see (7«/^, vol. i, p. 183, note "c." V.G.
C^) There is proof in the rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
(') "But in 2 Edw. IV he was sum. as Dominus Bernen, and from 6 Edw IV to
10 Edw. IV (inclusive) as Johannes Berners'' {ex inform. J. Horace Round). Accord-
ing to the first writ however (that in 1455) the title would seem rather to have been
Lord Bourchier of Berners, there having (apparently) been no previously acknow-
ledged Barony of Berners of which he {jure uxoris) was a representative. It has
however always been spoken of as "Berners," and accordingly is so given here He
sat m the House of Lords with his 3 brothers, viz. (i) Henry, a: Earl of Essex,
(2) 1 homas, Archbishop of Canterbury, (3) William, cr. Earl Fitz-Warine. For
similar cases see note sub Boyle of Kinalmeaky.
" In the reign of Henry V, Richard Berners 'had the reputation of a Baron of
this realm, though nothing of his creation or summons to Parliament that I could
ever see, says Dugdale, ' doth appear thereof;' ob. 1421, s.p.m." See Nico/as, repro-
duced by Courthope. *^
(«) Test. Vet.
C") This Elizabeth was afterwards the first wife of Thomas (Howard), Duke of
Norfolk, and ancestress of the succeeding Dukes.
21
154 BERNERS
Easter day, 14 Apr. 147 1. He, who was aged 7 at his grandfather's death
in 1474, was distinguished as a soldier, a courtier, and an author of
considerable note. (^) K.B. 17 Jan. 1477/8. He was sum. to Pari, from
14 Oct. (1495) 1 1 Hen. VII to 9 Aug. (1529) 21 Hen. VIII. (^) In 1513
he was at the capture of Therouenne, and soon after was Marshal of the Earl
of Surrey's army in Scotland. In 1 5 1 4 he went to France as Chamberlain to
the Princess Mary, wife of Louis XII. Chancellor of the Exchequer 1516-27.
In 1 5 1 8 was on an embassy to Spain, and in 1 5 1 9 was at the field of the Cloth
of Gold, and in 1520 was Deputy of the town and marches of Calais. He
m. Katharine, da. of John (Howard), Duke of Norfolk, by his 2nd wife
(whose only child she was), Margaret, da. of Sir John Chedworth.(')
He d. at Calais, s.p.m. legit., 19 Mar. 1532/3, and was bur. in the parish
church there, aged about 67. Will, dat. 3 Mar. 1532/3, pr. 4 Feb. i533/4.('^)
His widow d. 12 Mar. iSiSl^-
After his death the Barony('') lay dormant for the long period of about
two centuries, till its existence was established in 1720. Those who under
that decision were entitled to it are as under.
(^) He translated Froissari.
C") According to Dugdale, " In the 25th Henry VIII, 5 January 1534," the name
of " Humphrido Bourchier de Berners, Chel'r," occurs in the writs of summons.
This supposed writ, which puzzled Nicolas and other peerage writers, has been
proved by J. H. Round to be one of a series of writs for Jan. 1534 concocted by
Dugdale. See Peerage Studies, p. 340. V.G.
('^) In Glover's f^isit. of Yorkshire, (ed. 1875, p. 63) he is stated to have been
divorced from his ist wife, and to have m. Elizabeth Bacon. This woman was his
concubine, and whether he m. her or no, all his issue by her were illegitimate. G. W.
Watson's comment is as follows: — "He could not have married her. In his will he
beseeches the King's highness to accept in payment of a debt of ^^500 ' after the de-
cease of my lady my wief the manners of Houghton Offley and Doxey,' which manors
had been settled on Katherine by deed of jointure I May 7 Hen. VII. And
' Kateryne Bourgchier widdow late the wyff of Sir John Bourgchier let. Lord Barnes'
held these three Staffordshire manors 8 Apr. 24 Hen. VIII, as appears by her deed of
that date. See the documents in Collins, ut supra, pp. 337-8." V.G.
{^) Test. Vet.
{") According to the usual account, the Barony fell into abeyance, which did not
terminate till about 1550, on the death s.p., of the elder da. of the last Lord, viz.
Mary, wife of Alexander Unton, of Wadley, Berks. This is incorrect. The manors
of Ashwellthorpe, etc., had been settled on Mary by deed dated 10 June 1510,
2 Hen. VIII. Immediately after the last Lord's death, viz. on 24 Mar. (1532/3)
24 Hen. VIII, the King agreed to grant special livery to " Edmund Knyvet esq.
and Johane his wife da. and h. of John Bourgchier let. Lord Berners," not only of
the manors settled on Joan, but also of those settled on Mary, proving that the latter
had died v.p. and s.p. Moreover the settlements made on Alexander Unton's 2nd
marriage were dated 14 and 16 July 25 Hen. VIII. (Documents in Collins, ut supra,
pp. 340-44; ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
BERNERS 155
III. 1533- 3- Jane, 2nd but only surv. da. and h. of the last Lord,
who, on his death, became his sole representative, and conse-
quently j«oy«re^(?y«^<? Baroness Berners,(*) but never assumed that dignity.
She inherited the estate of Ashwellthorpe, Norfolk, and m. Edmund
Knyvett, Sergeant Porter to Henry VIII, who d. Apr. i539,('') and was bur.
at Ashwellthorpe. Inq. p. m. 30 Sep. (1539) 31 Hen. VIII. She d. his
widow, 17 Feb., and was /-wr. 2 Mar. 1561/2, at Ashwellthorpe. M.l. Will
dat. 6 Apr. 1560, pr. 9 Mar. 1 561/2.
IV. 1562. 4. Sir Thomas Knyvett, ^£ y«rt' Lord Berners,('')
grandson and h., being s. and h. of John K., by Agnes,
da. of Sir John Harcourt, of Stanton Harcourt, Oxon, which John K.
was s. and h. ap. of Jane de jure Baroness Berners abovenamed, and d.
v.m. He was b. about 1539; knighted Aug. 1579; Sheriff of Norfolk
1579-80. He obtained, about 1 6 1 6, a certificate from the Commissioners for
the office of Earl Marshal of his right and title to the Barony of Berners, but
d. before obtaining the King's confirmation thereof He m. Muriel, sister
and coh. of Sir Thomas Parry, of Welford, Berks, and da. of Sir Thomas
Parry, Treasurer of the Household to Queen Elizabeth. She d. 25, and was
bur. 26 Apr. 1 616, at Ashwellthorpe. He d. 9 Feb. i6i7/8,and was bur.
there the same day, aged about 78. Will dat. 30 Jan., pr. 6 Mar. 1 617/8.
Inq. p. m. 26 Aug. (1618) 16 Jac. I.
V. 161 8. 5. Thomas Knyvett, de jure Lord Berners, (")
grandson and h., being s. and h. of Sir Thomas K. (the
younger), by Elizabeth, 2nd da. and coh. of Sir Nathaniel Bacon, K.B., of
Stiffkey, Norfolk, which Sir Thomas was s. and h. ap. of Thomas, de jure
Lord Berners abovenamed, and d. v.p., and was bur. 20 Sep. 1605. He
was bap. at Ashwellthorpe, 10 June 1596. He m., 28 Feb. 1620, at St.
Mary le Strand, Katherine, 4th and yst. da. of Thomas (Burgh), Lord
Burgh (of Gainsborough), by Frances, da. of John Vaughan, of Golden
Grove, co. Carmarthen. She, who was coh. to her br., Robert, the last Lord,
vizsbur. at Ashwellthorpe, i May 1646. He ^. at Henham Hall, Suffolk,
30 June, and was bur. 2 July 1658, at Ashwellthorpe, aged 62, being styled
in his M.L, ^rmiger Baro hereditarius de Berners.
VI. 1658. 6. Sir John Knyvett, de jure Lord Berners,('') s.
and h., K.B. at the coronation of Charles II, 23 Apr.
1 66 1. He m. (cont. 7 June), 13 June 1655, at Darsham, Suffolk, Mary,
1st da. of Sir Thomas Bedingfield, of Darsham. He d. 28, and was bur.
30 July 1673, at Ashwellthorpe. M.I. Will dat. 16 May 1673, pr. 13 Feb.
i6'J2l-^- His widow d. 18, and was bur. 21 Apr. 1713, at Ashwellthorpe,
aged 79. M.I. Will dat. 16 Oct. 1710, pr. 5 Aug. 1713.
(*) According to the decision of 1720.
Q') According to his Inq. p. m., hcd. " primo die Maii ultimo preterito," but the
statement appears to be inaccurate, as on 30 Apr. (1539) 31 Hen. VIII, "Johanna
Knyvet vidua nuper uxor Edmundi Knyvet " surrendered Thetford to her s., John.
(Deed in Col/ins, ut supra, pp. 345-6; ex inform. G- W. Watson). V.G.
156
BERNERS
VII. 1673 7. Thomas Knyvett, ^^y«r^ Lord Berners,(^) s. and
to h., was of Ashwellthorpe afsd., and of Darsham Hall,
1693. Suffolk. Bap. Feb. 1655/6, at Darsham. M.P. (Tory)
for Dunwich 1685-87; and for Eye 1689-90. He a', unm.,
28, and was /-wr. 30 Sep. 1693, at Ashwellthorpe, aged 37. M.I. Willdat.
23 Sep. 1693. Admon. to his sister, Katherine Harris.
After his death the Barony fell into abeyance, between his sisters and
coheirs or their descendants, till terminated In 171 1 by the death, s.p., of
Thomas Glemham, Capt. of Dragoons, only child of Elizabeth (wife of
Thomas Glemham of Little Glemham, Suffolk), the eldest da., when the
right of succession devolved as under.
*******
VIII. 171 1 8. Katharine BoKENHAM,^ifyKr^ Baroness Berners,(')
[confirmed being, after 171 1, sole surv. sister and h.C") of the last
1720] de jure Lord, and 2nd da. of the previous one. She
to was bap. 13 Aug. 1658, at Darsham. By resolution
1743. of the House of Lords 30 May 1720, she became de facto
BARONESS BERNERS, having been declared to be
entitled to the ancient Barony of Berners.('') She m., istly, 2 Oct. 1685,
at Darsham, John Harris, of Paternoster Row, London, who d. s.p., Sep.
1686. She m., 2ndly, 5 Jan. 1696, also at Darsham, Richard Bokenham,
of Weston Market, Suffolk, who d. s.p., 2 Sep. 1721. She d. s.p.,%() Nov.,
and was bur. 7 Dec. 1743, at Weston Market, aged 89. Will dat. 17 Feb.
1740 to 12 Nov. 1743, pr. 9 Dec. 1747.
After her death the Barony for the second time fell into abeyance C")
between the heirs of the body of John Knyvett, s. and h. of Thomas K.,
next surv. br. to John, de jure Lord Berners, the father of the late
Baroness. These were (i) Elizabeth, ist da. and coh. of the sd. John
Knyvett, widow of Henry Wilson, of Didlington, Norfolk, which
Elizabeth inherited the estate of Ashwellthorpe, and (2) the 3 daughters
and coheirs of Lucy, 2nd and yst. da. and coh. of the sd. John Knyvett.
[See tabular ped.] This abeyance continued for about 90 years, till
terminated by the Crown as under.
*******
IX. 1832 9. Robert Wilson, s. and h. of Henry William
to W., of Ashwellthorpe afsd. (by Mary, da. of Sir John
1838. Miller, Bart.), which Henry William was s. and h.
of Henry W., of Didlington, Norfolk, by Elizabeth,
elder of the 2 daughters and coheirs of John Knyvett, whose issue, In
1743, became coheirs to the Barony of Berners. Being h. to a moiety of
(") See note " a " on previous page.
C") See Pedigree on next page.
("=) As to Baronies allowed when the abeyance has terminated, see note iub
Thomas, Lord Clifford [1684]; and for a list of, and some remarks on, baronies
called out of abeyance, see vol. iv. Appendix H.
BERNERS 157
Pedigree showing the coheirship of the Barony of Berners when
terminated in 1832 and 1838.
[Descent. — Through the families of Bourchier, Knyvett, and Wilson.]
Thomas Knyvett, of Ashwellthorpe, Norfolk, de jure Lord Berners, d. 30 June 1658.
Sir John Knyvett, de jure Lord Berners, d.
28 July 1673. _
I 1-n
Thomas Knyvett, de
jure Lord Berners, <^.
unm. 28 Sep. 1693.
I
Thomas Knyvett, bap. 22 Feb. 1624; d. be-
tween 1656 .ind 1658. __
other issue, ex-
tinct in 17 11.
Henry Wilson, of Did- ^ Elizabeth, ist da.,
lington, Norfolk, m. 2 inherited Ashwell-
May 1720, d. Mar. thorpe in 174.3, </.
741. Aug. 1757.
1
Katherine, who, in i 7 1 1 , was
de jure Baroness Berners,
and who was so declared 30
May 1720. She d. s.p., 29
Nov. I 743.
T
I
John Knyvett, of
Trowse, Norfolk,
only s. and h., bur.
Oct. 1 73 1.
Thomas
Holt, of
Reading,
d. Nov.
1728.
Henry William
Wilson,istsvurv.
s. and h.,bap.\ 2
Apr. 1728,.^. 6
Sep. I 796.
1
other is-
sue, all </.
unm.,
before
•743-
Thomas = Elizabeth,
Strang-
wayes, m.
16 Dec.
1748.
sole h. to her
father, bur.
May I 764,
at Elstree,
Herts.
Lucinda, ;;/.,
10 Nov. 1754,
Bernard
Rose, and d.
s.p., 1756.
Isa.-ic Peter = Catherine,
Bouillie,w.
28 June
1759, a'.
1772.
Robert
Wilson,
s. andh.,
sum. as
Lord
Berners
in 1832.
Herf'.
unm.,
1838.
Henry
Wilson,
br. andh.,
sum. as
Lord
Berners
in 1838.
He d.
1851.
X
Louisa, b. 7
Aug. I 7 50, w.,
as his 3rd wife,
Richard
Strangwayes,
of Well,
Norfolk, who
</.iAug.i828.
other
issue, d.
unm.,
before
>77S-
other
issue, d.
unm.,
before
'775-
— r —
Catherine,
b. 24 Mar.
1760, m. 4
Oct. 1 78 1.
William
Nicholson,
who d. May
181 5. She</.
a widow.
2ndly, Thomas
Greaves, who
d. s.p., 20 Apr.
1782. She d.
30 Nov. I 8 10.
"1
Sarah, m. I 2
Oct. 1783, at
St. Geo., Han.
Sq., Stephen
Penny, of St.
James's,
Westm.
"Tailor." fShe
d. 16 Jan. 1814.
Thomas Strangzcayes,
heir to his mother,
living 1 845.1
I
IfUliam hicholson, of
Manchester, living
i845t.
r
John Penny, only surv. s. and h. 1845.!
Stephen James Penny, "Sexton of
St. Geo., Urn. Sq.," b. 18 Sep.
1789, living \?izz;d. before 1845.1
J
• The heirs of the body of Lucy Field (formerly Holt, born Knyvett) represented a moiety of
the Barony on the termination of its abeyance both in 1S32 and, again, in I 838.
j See Royal Descents, by C. E. Long, 1845; a work of great accuracy and research.
58
BERNERS
the Barony, the abeyance thereof was terminated in his favour, and he was
sum. to Pari, by writ, 7 May 1832, as LORD BERNERS.C) He was
bap. 20 Jan. 176 1. Was Col. in the army. A Liberal in politics. He d.
unm., 25 Mar. 1838, when the Barony for the third time fell into abeyance.
Will pr. May 1838.
X. 1838. 10. Henry Wilson, of Ashwellthorpe afsd., br. and
h., b. I Oct. lySi] ed. at Emman. Coll., Cambridge;
B.A. 1785; M.A. 1789; Rector of Alexton, co. Leicester, to 1845; Rector
of Kirby Cane, Norfolk, 1820-51. Within 37 days of his brother's
death, being h. to a moiety of the Barony, the abeyance thereof was (as
before) terminated in his favour by Royal warrant 2 Apr. i838,('') and on
the 30th he took his seat as LORD BERNERS.(^) A Liberal in politics.
He m., I May 1788, Elizabeth, da. of Thomas Sumpter, of Histon Hall,
CO. Cambridge. She d. 15 Dec. 1845, at Kirby Cane, in her 83rd year.
He t/. 26 Feb. 1 851, at Kirby Cane, aged 88. Will pr. Apr. 1851.
XI. 1851. II. Henry William (Wilson), Lord Berners, ist s.
and h., b. 23 Feb. 1797. Pres. Royal Agric. Soc. 1858.
A Conservative in politics. He m., istly, 24 Feb. 1823, (his cousin) Mary
Letitia, ist da. and coh. of Col. George Crump, of Alexton Hall, co.
Leicester, by Mary, da. of (his grandfather) Henry William Wilson,
abovenamed. She, who was b, 25 Mar. 1800, d. s.p., 30 Sep. 1856, at
Keythorpe Hall, co. Leicester, aged ^6. He m., 2ndly, 21 July 1857, at
Vale Royal, co. Chester, Henrietta Charlotte, da. of Thomas (Chol-
mondeley), 1st Lord Delamere, by Henrietta Elizabeth, da. of Sir
Watkin Williams- Wynn, Bart. He d'. j./»., 27 June 1871, aged 74. Will
pr. II Sep. 1 87 1, at Leicester, under ;^ 40,000. His widow, who was
b. 3 June 1823, d. 13 Aug. 1874, aged 51.
XII. 1 87 1. 12. Emma Harriet, suo jure Baroness Berners
[H55]C)> nieceandh., being, at her uncle's death, the only
surv. child of his only br., the Rev. and Hon. Robert Wilson, Rector of Ash-
wellthorpe afsd., by his 2nd wife, Harriet, 2nd and yst. da. and coh. of Col.
George Crump, of Alexton Hall, abovenamed. She was b. 18 Nov. 1835.
On 28 Apr. 1853, she sue. her only br., Harry William Pigott Wilson,
who d. unm., in his 21st year. Shortly afterwards, 3 Nov. 1853, she m., at
St. Michael's, Pimlico, Sir Henry Thomas Tyrwhitt, 3rd Bart., of Stanley
Hall, Salop, who was b. 16 Apr. 1824. He d. there of paralysis, 26 Jan.
1894, aged 69, and was bur. at Astley Abbots. The Baroness Berners is
now (191 1) living.
(*) See Pedigree previous page.
C") See ante, page 156, note "c."
if) Foralistof the only recognised Parliaments (down to I 500) which furnish a date
of origin for Baronies by writ now (191 1) existing, see vol. vi, Appendix G. V.G.
BERNERS 159
[Raymond Robert Tyrwhitt-Wilson, 2nd(^) but ist surv. s. and h.
ap., i. 11 July 1855, assumed, by Royal lie, the name of Wilson, 13 Sep.
1892, and sue. his father as 4th Bart. 26 Jan. 1894.]
F<?;«/A'£^/<z/£'j [of the Baroness only]. — These, in 18 83, consisted of 5, 75 8
acres in co. Leicester (valued at about ^^ 10,000), 2 in Rutland, and 1,162
in Norfolk; the total value being about ^^ 12,000. Principal Residences. —
Ashwellthorpe, Norfolk; and Keythorpe Hall, co. Leicester.
BERRIEDALE
The title of "Lord Berriedale" seems to have been used by the family
of Sinclair, Earls of Caithness [S.], from an early period in the seven-
teenth century. The lands forming the Barony of Berriedale were united
as constituting such Barony 18 June 1606, and belonged to the 5th Earl.
i.e. "St. Clair of Berriedale and Glenurchy," Barony [S.] [Camp-
belt)^ cr. with the Earldom of Caithness [S.], 1677, and surrendered there-
with, 1 681; see " Breadalbane," Earldom of [S.], cr. 168 i.
BERRY POMEROY
i.e. " Saint Maur of Berry Pomeroy," Earldom (Seymour)^ cr.
19 June 1863; extinct 28 Nov. 1885. See "Somerset," Dukedom of, cr.
1547, under the 12th Duke.
BERTIE
Note. — The style of "Lord Bertie" has been used by the family of
Bertie, Earls of Lindsey, as the courtesy title of the h. ap. of that Earldom
since 1809, although from as far back as 1779 those Earls (Dukes of
Ancaster until 1 809) ceased to have any Barony vested in them. See
"Lindsey," Earldom of, cr. 1626, and for a similar case see "Devon,"
Earldom of, from 1835.
BERTRAM^')
Sir Roger Bertram, ('^) of Mitford, Northumberland, s. andh. of Roger
(^) His elder br., Harry Tyrwhitt-Wilson, h. 7 Aug. 1854, d. unm. 9 Aug. 1891,
C') The re-writing of this article has been kindly undertaken by G. W. Watson.
(■=) His arms were, Gules, crusilly and an orle Or (Charles'' s Roll, no. 83; St.
George's Roll, no. 123), a blazon confirmed by his seal (Hodgson, Northumberland,
part iii, vol. ii, p. 51). The arms of Bertram of Bothal were, Or an orle Azure.
Both were doubtless derived from those of Balliol. The Elizabethan heralds described
the arms of Bertram of Mitford as, Azure, an orle Or.
i6o BERTRAM
B.,(^) of the same, by Agnes, his wife,(^) was b. 5 Dec. 1224. He
iiic. his father in 1242,('=) and having proved his age,('') he did homage
and had livery of his inheritance, 28 June I246.("=) He had a grant of
free warren in his demesne lands in Mitford, Felton, etc., 13 Sep.
1257,0 '3^*^ 'f^ Nov. following, for a reason not stated, the escheator
was ordered to take his lands into the King's hand.Q He was
sum. cum equis et armis from 17 Jan. (1257/8) 42 Hen. Ill to 6 Mar.
(1263/4) 48 Hen. Ill, by writs directed Rogero Bertram de Mitford.
He sided with the Barons against the King, and was taken prisoner at
Northampton, 3 Apr. I264,(^) but was released soon after, and fought
at Lewes 14 May.(^) He was sum. to Pari. 24 Dec. (1264) 49
Hen. Ill, by writ directed Rogero Bertram,(^) which writ, however,
having issued in rebellion, should not create a Peerage dignity. (')
He alienated nearly all his extensive possessions. ('') He m. Ida.Q
(^) This Roger II wass. and h. of William II (by Alice, sister of Robert d'Umfra-
ville, who gave her Great Babington in free marriage — Roger III sold it, 23 June
1262), s. and h. of Roger I (by Ada, his wife), s. and h. of William I, founder of
Brinkburn priory (by Hawise, da. of Guy de Balliol, who gave her Stainton in free
marriage). {Cartularies of Brinkburn and Newminster, passim: Deeds in Hodgson, ut
supra, pp. 24, 26, and in Walbran, Gainford, appendix, no. 35).
(*>) Pa/^«/i?«/A, 33Hen. III,/«. 5; 37Hen.III, OT. 2. She was living 20 Aug. 1253.
(') The writ to the Sheriff of Northumberland, to take into the King's hand the
lands which were of Roger Bertram, was dated 24 May. {Fine Roll, 26 Hen. Ill,
pars ii, m. 6).
(<') Namely, as 2 1 on the eve of St. Nicholas 30 Hen. III. (Ch. Inq.p. w.. Hen. Ill,
file 47, no. 27).
(=) Fine Roll, 30 Hen. Ill, m. 6; Patent Roll, m. 3.
(*) Charter Roll, 41 Hen. Ill, m. 3: Fine Roll, 42 Hen. Ill, m. 13.
(s) H. Knighton, Cfiron., vol. i, p. 243: Annales de IVigornia, p. 450. In con-
sequence, his lands were taken into the King's hand, and on 8 May committed to
the custody of William de Valence. {Patent Roll, 48 Hen. Ill, pars i, m. 14).
C") Hatfield's Survey, Surtees Soc, preface, p. xiv.
(*) His namesake, Roger Bertram of Bothal, being now dead (shortly before 27 July
1 262 — Fine Roll, 46 Hen. Ill, m. 6), the addition "de Mitford" was no longer necessary.
(') As to the writ of 49 Hen. Ill, see Preface: and as to how far these early writs of
summons did in fact create any peerage title, see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
C') He held the barony of Mitford by the service of 5 knights' fees, all of which
he sold {Hundred Rolls, vol. ii, p. 23; cf. pp. 17, 20). He also made extensive dona-
tions or sales to the monasteries of Brinkburn, Newminster, and Tynemouth: see the
cartularies of those houses. On the Close Roll, 3 Edw. I, m. 21, he is described as hav-
ing owed many debts to divers Jews, and in the Placita de Quo JVarranto, p. 601, it is
stated that the fences of the park of Whytheleye (which he sold) had fallen into decay,
when in his possession, by reason of his poverty {per inpotenciam ipsius Rogert). See
also Ancient Deeds, A, nos. 4769-73, 6927, and Charter Rolls, 53 Hen. Ill, m. II,
54 Hen. Ill, m. 5.
(') He was m. before 3 May 1252 {Charter Roll, 36 Hen. Ill, m. 12), but
whether to this Ida or not, does not appear.
BERTRAM i6i
He was living 6 Mar. 127 1/2, and d. s.p.m. legit., aged about 48. (^) His
widow ;;;., before 14 Apr. i273,C')as 2nd wife, Sir Robert de Nevill, of
Raby,co. Durham, SherifFHutton, Raskelf,and Sutton, co. York, Burreth
and Ranby, co. Lincoln, who d. in I282.('=) Assignment of her dower
was ordered 23 Oct. 1282 and 25 May 1283. C*) She ?«., 3rdly,
without licence, before 8 May I285,(') as 2nd wife. Sir John fitz
Marmaduke, of Horden and Ravensholm, co. Durham, who d. shortly
before 16 Aug. 1311.0 She was living 18 May 13 15.
Heleft an onlychild,(8) Agnes, who was seized of Mitford and Felton,
which she gave to Alianore, the Queen Mother.C") She d. s.p.,{') before
(^) He had a s. [illegitimate], Thomas, to whom he gave the manor of Throphill.
{Hundred Rolls, vol. ii, pp. 20, 23: Cartulary of Newmimter, p. 242).
C) Close Roll, I Edw. I, m. gd.
(^) Writ o{ diem cl. ext. 20 Aug. 10 Edw. I. His h. was his grandson, Ranulph,
h. 18 Oct. 1262. (Ch. Inq.p. m., Edw. I, file 30, no. 7, file 35, no. 10). As Ida had
been m. to him less than 1 1 years, she could not have been the grandmother of this h.,
and ancestress of the Nevilles of Raby, as has hitherto been stated.
('') Idem, and Close Rolls, 10 Edw. \, m. i, 11 Edw. I, m. 7.
n Close Roll, 13 Edw. !,;?(. 8.
(') Kellaive's Register, vol. i, p. 133. On his death, his s. and h., Richard, with-
held Ida's dower, on the ground that she had been divorced from Sir John in the
galilee of the church of Durham, before the Lord Anthony, late Bishop of Durham.
But a jury found that there had been no divorce. Orders in her favour were issued
by the Bishop and the King, 12 June 1314 and 18 May 131 5, respectively.
{Ide?n, vols, i, ii, pp. 435, 482, 945, 946, 1008, 1085).
(8) Dugdale, or one of his predecessors, has invented, and later genealogists have
accepted, as s. and h. of Roger III and father of Agnes, another Roger, of whom
they can give no particulars — they are obliged to call his wife, Ida — except that he
d. 4 Edw. II. But the inquisitions (Ch. Inq.p. m., Edw. II, file 23, no. 14) conse-
quent to a writ oi melius sciri 29 Jan. 4 Edw. II, definitely state: (a) that they were
taken on the Roger who alienated (before 7 June 1267 — Inspeximus on Charter Roll,
51 Hen. Ill, m. 5) the manor of Kirkley to Hugh d'Eure, which Roger is correctly
described on the Hundred Rolls as the one whose widow m. Robert de Neville: (b)
that Agnes was this Roger's da., not his granddaughter: (c) that the mill of Felton
— all that was left — had been leased to William de Valence for a term of years, since
expired, and was in the King's hand because the heirs had not sued out their livery.
C") Placita de Quo JFarranto, p. 58". This Queen gave the castle and town of
Mitford, Felton and Molesden, which she had of the inheritance of Sir Roger
Bertram, to Alexander de Balliol [d. s.p. 1278] in free marriage with Alianore \de
Genovere\ his wife, and to the heirs of Alianore by any husband begotten {Ancient
Deeds, A, no. 11535). This was before 26 May 1275 {Close Roll, 3 Edw. I, m. 15).
John d'Estouteville, of Eckington, co. Derby, and Kirkby in Ashfield,co. Notts, s. and h.
of Alianore by her 2nd husband, Robert d'Estouteville, sold the premises to the Earl of
Pembroke, 20 Feb. 13 14/5. (Deed in Hodgson, ut supra, part ii, vol. ii, p. 49, no. 5).
(') A royal confirmation of the marriage between one of the sons of Piers de
Montfort and Agnes, firstborn da. of Roger [III] Bertram of Mitford, was dated
28 June 1253. {Potent Rolls, 37 Hen. Ill, m. 7; 39 Hen. Ul, pan ii, m. 2).
22
i62 BERTRAM
(probably long before) 29 Jan. 1310/1, when the descendants of her father's
4 sisters were found to be his heirs, (i) Sir William fitz William, of
Sprotborough and Emley, co. York, s. and h. of Sir William fitz Thomas,
of the same, s. and h. of Sir Thomas fitz William,(^) of the same (d.
between 1267 and 1279), by Agnes, the ist sister.C') (2) Sir Philip
Darcy, of Cawkwell and Coningsby, co. Lincoln (aged 40 and more in
1299), s. and h. of Sir Norman D., of the same (aged 28 and more in
1264), s. and h. of Sir Philip D., of the same, by Isabel, the 2nd sister.
(3) Elias de Penulbury or Penbury, of Pendlebury, co. Lancaster, s. and
h. of ( — ) P., of the same, by Christian, the 3rd sister (she w., 2ndly, Sir
Robert de Ros, of Wark, who d. in 1 275). (4) Sir Gilbert d'Aton, s. and
h. of Sir William d'A., by Isabel, da. of Sir Simon de Veer, of Goxhill, co.
Lincoln, and Sproatley in Holderness [d. before 3 Sep. 1270), by his 2nd
wife (to whom she was sole h.), Ada, the 4th sister.("') On i June 13 12,
Philip Darcy did homage and had livery of one-fourth of the mill of
Felton, the other 3 parts remaining in the King's hand.('^)
BERWICK
See "Hume of Berwick.," Barony {Hume), cr. 1604; extinct 161 1.
See "Hume of Berwick.," Barony (Hume), cr. 1776; extinct 1781.
BERWICK-UPON-TWEED
DUKEDOM. I. James Fitz James, elder (^) of the two illegit. sons
J ,_ of King James II by Arabella (sister of John, afterwards
' Duke of Marlborough), da. of Sir Winston Churchill,
, was l>. 21 Aug. 1670; ed. abroad at the Colleges of Juilly
°^' (near Meaux), Plessis and La Fleche. He distinguished
himself at the siege of Buda in July 1686,0 when that fortress was wrested
(^) This Thomas, "filius et heres Willelmi filii Willelmi," had livery of his land
ill Riton as early as 23 Feb. 1223/4. (Fine Roll, 8 Hen. Ill, m. 9). He gave this
vill to his da., Margaret. (Hunter, South Yorkshire, vol. i, p. 336).
C") She had in free marriage the manor of Stainton in the Street, which she gave
to her da., Agnes. (Deed in Surtees, Durham, vol. iii, p. 399).
(') See "Axon," " Darcy," and » Ros of Wark."
('^) Fine Roll, 5 Edw. II, m. 3. Philip appears to have been the only one of the
coheirs who had taken any steps in the matter.
(^) See as to the yr. s., Henry Fitz James, sub " Albemarle," titular Dukedom of
[13 Jan. 1696], ante, vol. i, p. 91.
(') "The following list of Englishmen are [hV] authentically proved to have taken
part in the siege: — Dudley, illegit. son of Prince Rupert, known in the Imperial army
as Prince Dudley; James Fitz-James, illegit. son of King James II; Forbes, Earl of
Granard, volunteer ; Viscount Mountjoy, from Ireland ; Lord Halifax ; George Hay,
from Scotland ; Kerry, brother to Lord Quberry [j/V], from Scotland ; Cutts, volun-
BERWICK 163
from the Turks. On 19 Mar. 1686/7, he was cr. (by his father) BARON OF
BOSWORTH, CO. Leicester, EARL OF TINMOUTH, Northumber-
land, and DUKE OF BERWICK-UPON-TWEED.^) Shortly after-
wards he joined the Imperial Army in Hungary, becoming a Major Gen.
thereini687. Col. 8th Foot 1687-88. Lord Lieut, of Hants 1687-88; Gov.
of Portsmouth 1687-89. Col. of the Royal Horse Guards Feb. to Nov.
1688; Col. 3rd Troop Horse Guards 1688-89. On 28 Sep. 1688 he was
nominated K.G., but, not presenting himself for installation, his nomination
was declared void i Jan. following. He served for his father's cause in Ireland
at the siege of Londonderry, the battle of the Boyne,iyc., and was attainted in
1695, whereby his honours hcz:).vae. forfeited. He was naturalised in France
17 Dec. 1703, serving with great distinction in the French army. Capt.
Gen. and Grandee of Spain Feb. 1704. Marshal of France 1706. In reward
for the victory of Almanza over the English and Portuguese, 25 Apr. 1 707, he
was, in that year, cr. (by Philip V) Duke of Liria and Xerica in Spain; Knight
of the Golden Fleece, 1707; cr. Duke of Fitz James in France,('') May
1 7 10, with a spec. rem. to his issue by his 2nd wife. Was Councillor of
Regency of France 1719. Installed a Knight of the St. Esprit, ('') at
Versailles, 3 June 1724. Gov. of Strasburg 1730. He w., istly,
26 Mar. 1695, at St. Germain, Honora, widow of Patrick Sarsfield,
generally known as Earl of Lucan [I.], da. of William (de Burgh), Earl
OF Clanricarde [I.], by his 2nd wife, Helen, da. of Donough (McCarty),
Earl of Clancarty [I.]. She d. of consumption, at Pezenas,('') in Langue-
teer; St. George, volunteer ; Howard, volunteer ; Moore, volunteer ; Captain Talbot,
volunteer; Captain Bellairs [Bellasis ?] ; James Richard, engineer; Wiseman, volunte( r;
Carre, Highlander." See a letter signed "Hengelmuller, Austro-Hungarian
Charge d'Affaires, 18, Belgrave-square," published in the Morning Post, relating to
the bi-centenary anniversary of the recapture of the fortress of Buda (from the Turks)
about to be celebrated at Buda-Pesth from the 1st to the 8th of September following.
Of these officers, Dudley Bard was slain in this siege ; The Earl of Granard [I.] d.
1734; Viscount Mountjoy [I.] was slain 1692; "Lord Halifax" seems to mean Lord
George Savile (3rd s. of George, ist Marquess of Halifax), slain at this siege; "George
Hay" was possibly the 4th Earl of Kinnoull, who had sue. as such, as early as i677>
and who d. unm., in Hungary in 1687; the "brother to Lord Quberry" is possibly
the Hon. James Douglas, Col. of the Guards [S.] 1684, who d. as Lieut. Gen. at
Namurin 1 691. He was in 1686 the only surv. br. of William, 3rd Earl, ist Marquess
and 1st Duke of Queensberry [S.], and may possibly have been called "Kerry" from the
name of his estate ; Cutts, volunteer, was in 1 690 cr. Baron Cutts of Gowran [I.].
{'■) This was one of the 10 English peerages cr. by James II, for a list of which
see sub Francis, Earl of Derwentwater [1688].
C^) By this patent of May 1 7 10, registered 23 May, the territory of Warty, near
Clermont en Beauvaisis, was erected en duche Pairie in his favour under the name of
Fitz James. {Jnse/me, vol. v, pp. 162-5). V.G.
(■=) See note sub Charles, titular Viscount Clare [1706].
{^) Saint-Simon writes in his Memoirs, "qu'il avait epousee par amour et qui avait
tres bien reussi a la cour et a St. Germain . . . Elle etait a la premiere fleur
de son age, belle, touchante, faite a peindre, une nymphe." {ex inform. David C.
Herries). V.G.
164
BERWICK
doc, 16 Jan., and was bur. 25 Feb. 1697/8, in the Chapel of the English
Ladies at Pontoise, aged 22 years and 10 months. (^) He m., 2ndly,
18 Apr. 1700, in Paris, Anne,(^) da. of the Hon. Henry Bulkeley (4th s.
of Thomas, ist Viscount Bulreley [I.]), by Sophia, da. and coh. of the
Hon. Walter Stuart, 3rd s. of Walter, ist Lord Blantyre [S.]. While
opposing Prince Eugene of Savoy he was slain at the siege of Philippsburg,
12 June 1734, aged nearly 64. C') Will dat. 4 June 1731 to Aug. 1732.
His widow ^. 12 June 1751.
II. 1734. 2. James Francis (Stuart-FitzJames), but for the
attainder 2nd Duke of Berwick, i^c. [E.], also 2nd
Duke of Liria and Xerica, and a Grandee of the ist Class [Spain]; ist
s. and h., being only child by the ist wife; b. 21 Oct. 1696, the King
and Queen being sponsors; K.G.F. 1714. The following year he
accompanied his uncle, the titular King James III and VIII, to Scotland,
and on his return joined the Spanish Army. In Dec. 1726 he was sent
on a special Embassy from King Philip V to Russia,('^) and received
from the Czar the Orders of St. Andrew and St. Alexander Nevski ;
K.G. by the titular King James 3 Apr. 1727. In 1733, on the
outbreak of the Polish War of Succession, he was appointed, with the
rank of Field Marshal, to command the allied French and Spanish
Armies in Naples, Prince Charles Edward, then aged 14, being sent on
this occasion to learn the art of war under his tutelage. He was after-
wards Spanish Ambassador to the Court of Naples till his death. He
m., 31 Dec. I7i6,(^) Catalina Ventura, 9th Duchess of Veragua (1537)
and of La Vega (1557) and Marchioness of Jamaica (1537), 3rd
Marchioness of San Leonardo (1649) and La Mota (1575), 4th
Marchioness of Tarazona (1642), iith Countess of Gelves (1529),
(^) Her. and Gen., vol. iii, p. 64, from the Necrology of Pontoise (Pezcnas being
misprinted Perenas). {ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
C") Mary, Duchess of Montagu, writes, after meeting his 2nd wife in Paris, about
1720 : "His Duchess looks like a very ill-humoured woman, and I think not better
bred than we are in England." V.G.
(^) "The truest and most moderate of the Jacobite leaders." [Lecky). He left
male issue by both wives, which still (191 1) continues. That of the elder branch is
entitled to the Spanish and that of the younger to the French Dukedom. The
account of those who, but for the attainder, would have succeeded to the English
Dukedom, has kindly been supplied by the Editor of the 'Jacohite Peerage. V.G-
('') He wrote an account of this journey, which was published in Spain ; also a
History of Russia. That no scheme on behalf of King James, as is sometimes stated,
was the object of this expedition, is proved by his regretful letter to Gualterio declar-
ing his inability to visit Rome on the way. See The Royalist., vol. xi, p. 14. V.G.
(f) Sir Peter Lawless writes of him, 17 Aug. 1716, "He is to be married to a
pretty sort of a lady of the highest quality and the greatest fortune in Spain, which
match I have been managing for him since last February, and have now brought to
its perfection." V.G.
BERWICK 165
6th Countess of Ayala (1602), and loth Countess (1474), nth Vis-
countess {c. 1470) and lathLady (1432) of Monterrey, Admiral of the
Indies, and a Grandee ot the ist Class [Spain]; sister and h. of Pedro
(de Portugal-Columbus), 8th Duke of Veragua, &'c., and only da. of
Pedro Manuel Nuno (de Portugal-Columbus), 7th Duke of Veragua,
&'c. [Spain], K.G.F., a Grandee of the ist Class, and Hereditary
Admiral of the Indies, by his wife, Teresa Mariana, da. of Fernando
(de Toledo), 3rd Count of Ayala. He d. 2 June 1738, at Naples, in
his 42nd year. His widow .a'. 1739.
III. 1738. 3. James Francis Edward (Stuart-FitzJames),
but for the attainder 3rd Duke of Berwick, &€. [E.],
also 3rd Duke ot Liria and Xerica, loth Duke of Veragua and La Vega,
loth Marquis of Jamaica, 5th Marquis of Tarazona, 4th Marquis of San
Leonardo and La Lota, I2th Count of Gelves, 7th Count of Ayala, nth
Count, 1 2th Viscount and 13th Lord of Monterrey, Admiral of the Indies,
and a Grandee of the ist Class [Spain], ist s. andh., L in Madrid, 28 Dec.
171 8; sue. to his father's honours 1738, and to those of his mother the
following year, but resigned or lost the titles of Duke of Veragua,
Marquis of Jamaica and Admiral of the Indies. He afterwards sue. his
mother's distant kinsman, the 6th and last Duke of Tauresano [Spain
c. 1616], as I ith Marquis of Sarria (1543), 14th Count of Lemos (1457),
I2th Count of Andrade (1543) and Villalba (i486), and 20th Lord of
Lemos and Sarria ; Knight of the Order of Januarius of Naples ; Col.
of the Regt. of Asturias 1741, Brig. Gen. 1743, and Lieut. Gen. 1747, in
the Spanish Service. He m.,26 July 1738, at Alba de Tormes, Maria
Teresa, yr. da. but in her issue (1802) sole h. of Manuel Maria (de
SiLV.'^), 9th Count ofGALVE [Spain 1573], by Maria Teresa, suo jure i ith
Duchess of Alba, da. of Francisco (Alvarez de Toledo), loth Duke
OF Alb.a, and a Grandee of the ist Class [Spain 1472]. He (2'. 30 Sep.
1785, at Valencia. His widow, who was b. 6 Jan. 1716, was a Lady of
Honour to the Princess of the Asturias, and d. 5 May 1790.
IV. 1785. 4. Charles Ferdinand (Stuart-FitzJames), but
for the attainder 4th Duke of Berwick, £ffc. [E.], also
4th Duke ot Liria and Xerica, ij^c. [Spain] ; only s. and h. ; b. 25 Mar.
1752, at Liria; a Gentleman of the Chamber to Charles III of Spain,
i^c. Hew., Oct. 1 77 1, Caroline Augusta, sister of Louisa of Stolberg,
wife ot his cousin, the titular King Charles III, 2nd da. and coh. of
Gustav Adolf, Prince of Stolberg-Gedern, by Elisabeth Philippine
Claude, da. and coh. of Maximilian Emanuel, Prince of Hornes and of
THE Empire. He ^. 7 Sep. 1787, at Madrid, aged 35. His widow, who
was b. 10 Feb. 1755, '^- ^5 ■^P''- 1828, at St. Gratien, near Paris.
V. 1787. 5. James Philip Charles (Stuart-Fitz James), but
for the attainder 5th Duke of Berwick, i^c. [E.], also
5th Duke of Liria and Xerica, &'c. [Spain] ; only s. and h. ; 1^. 25 Feb. i 773,
i66 BERWICK
in Paris; m., 24 Jan. 1 790, Maria Teresa, da. of Pedro Alcantara Fadrique
(Fernandez de Silva), 10th Duke of Hijar, and a Grandee of the ist
Class [Spain 1483], by Rafaela, da. of Joaquin Antonio (de Palafox), 7th
Marquis of Ariza, and a Grandee of the ist Class [Spain 161 1]. He
d. 3 Apr. 1794. His widow d. 29 Apr. 18 18.
VI. 1794. 6. James Joseph Mary (Stuart-FitzJames), but for
the attainder 6th Duke of Berwick, &c. [E.], also 6th
Duke of Liria and Xerica, &c. [Spain] ; elder s. and h.; ^.3 Jan. 1792;
d. 1795, aged 3.
VII. 1795- 7- Charles Michael (Stuart-FitzJames), but
for the attainder 7th Duke of Berwick, tfc. [E.],
also 7th Duke of Liria and Xerica, isPc, br. and h., b. 19 May 1794,
in Madrid. In 1802 he became, as h. to his great-grandmother, the
wife of the 3rd Duke of Berwick, 14th Duke (1472) and 15th Count
(1439) of Alba de Tormes, 15th Marquis of Coria (1482) and Count
of Salvatierra (1472), I2th Count of Galve (1573), 12th Duke
of Huescar (1573), nth Count of Lerina (c. 1583), nth Marquis of
Villanueva {c. 1530), i6th Duke of Galisteo (1461) and Count of
Ossorno (1445), I2th Marquis (1559) and 2ist Lord (1335) of the
Carpio, loth Count-Duke of Olivarez (1635) and 9th Marquis of Eliche
(1625), and six times a Grandee of the ist Class [Spain]. He w.,
1 5 Feb. 1 8 1 7, at Rome, Rosalia, da. of ( — ) (de Ventimiglia), Prince
OF Grammonts, Count of Prades. He d. 7 Oct. 1835, at Sion,
Switzerland, aged 41. His widow, who was of the Order of Maria Theresa,
and Lady of Honour to the Queen, was b. 16 Aug. 1798, at Palermo,
and d. 4 Mar. 1868, in Madrid.
VIII. 1835. 8. James Louis Francis Paul Raphael (Stuart-
FitzJames), but for the attainder 8th Duke of Berwick,
£s?c. [E.], also 15th Duke of Alba, i^c. ; ist s. and h.; b. 3 June
1 82 1, at Palermo; Knight Grand Cross of the Royal and Distin-
guished Order of Charles III of Spain, Grand Cordon of the
Legion of Honour, Knight Grand Cross of our Lady of the Concep-
tion of Villaviciosa, Gentleman of the Chamber to King Alfonso XII,
sometime the Deputy in the Cortes, &c. He m., 14 Feb. 1844, at
Madrid, Maria Francesca, 9th Countess (1599) and loth Lady of
Montijo, iith Marchioness and 15th Lady of Villanueva del Fresno,
iith Marchioness of Barcarrota (c. 1516), 7th Marchioness of Valder-
abano (1614), 8th Countess (1602) and iith Lady of Fuentiduena
{c. 1423), 9th Marchioness of Algava (1568), I2th Duchess (1608) and
20th Lady of Peharanda de Bracamonte, 14th Marchioness (1559), and
1 6th Lady of the Baneza, 17th Countess of Miranda del Castanor
(1437), 15th Viscountess de Palacios de la Valduerna, Countess of Casar
Ubios, Marchioness of Valdunquilla and Mirallo, and four times a
BERWICK 167
Grandee of the ist Class [Spain]; sister of the Empress Eugenie and
elder da. and coh. of Cypriano (Portocarrero), 8th Count of Montijo,
efc. [Spain], by Mary Manucla, da. and coh. of William Kirkpatrick.,
American Consul at Malaga. She, who was b. 29 Jan. 1825, was a Lady
of Honour to Queen Isabella II ot Spain, and d. 16 Sep. i860, at Paris,
aged -i,^. He d. 10 July 1881, aged 60.
IX. 1 88 1. 9. Charles Maria Isabel (Stuart-FitzJames),
but for the attainder 9th Duke of Berwick., ^c. [E.],
1 6th Duke of Alba, ^'c; only s. and h.; b. 4 Dec. 1849, i" Madrid,
styled v.p. Duke of Huescar, 1 2 times a Grandee of Spain of the i st Class,
K.G.F., a Senator of the Kingdom and Chamberlain to the Queen Regent
Christina. He sue. his mother in all her titles except the Marquisate
of the Baneza and Viscountcy de Palacios de la Valduerna, 16 Sep. i860,
and his father in all his honours except the Dukedom of Galisteo, which
devolved by a family arrangement on his only sister. He m., at
Madrid, 10 Dec. 1877, Maria del Rosario, 22nd Countess of Siruela
(1470) and a Grandee of the ist Class, da. of Manuel Pascual Luis Carlos
Felix Fortunato (Falc6), Marquis of Almonazir (Spain 16 16), K.G.F.,
K.C.S., by Maria del Pilar, 3rd Duchess of Fernan-Nunez, &'c.,da. of
Carlos (Gutierrez DE LOS Rios), 7th Count (1639) and ist Duk.e (1817)
OF Fernan-Nunez (Spain). He d. on board Sir Thomas Lipton's yacht, at
New York, 1 5 Oct. 1 90 1 , aged 51. His widow, who was b. at Pau, 3 Oct.
1854, was a Lady of the Palace to the Queen Regent of Spain, and d.
27 Mar. 1904, in Paris. He was .J«c. by his ists.,(^) who is outside the
scope of this work.
BERWICK OF ATTINGHAM
BARONY. I. NoelHill, only surv. s. and h. of Thomas HilLjC')
J „ formerly Thomas Harwood, of Tern, Salop, and of Shen-
' ^' stone Park, co. Stafford (who d. June 1782), by his 2nd
wife, Susan Maria (who ^.14 Feb. 1760), ist da. and coh. of William
Noel, one of the Judges of the Common Pleas, (who was 2nd s. of Sir
John Noel, Bart., of Kirkby Mallory, co. Leicester) was b. Apr. 1745; ed.
at St. John's Coll., Cambridge; B.A. 1763; M.A. 1766; and, having been
(^) He has discarded the Berwick title which was used by all his predecessors in
spite of the attainder of 1695, and which his father employed when staying with
Queen Victoria at Balmoral. V.G.
C') This Thomas was s. and h. of Thomas Harwood, also of Tern (formerly of
Shrewsbury, draper), by Margaret, da. of Rowland Hill, of Hawkstone, co. Salop, and
assumed the name of Hill pursuant to the will of his uncle, the Right Hon. Richard
Hill, of Hawkstone, Salop, and of Shenstone and Atcham, co. Stafford, Envoy at
Brussels and Turin, who d. unm. 1727. Thomas Hill (formerly Harwood) d. June
1782, in his 89th year, and was bur. at Atcham.
i68 BERWICK
M.P.('') for Shrewsbury 1768-74, and for Salop (in 2 Paris.) 1774-84,
was cr., 19 May 1784, BARON BERWICK OF ATTINGHAM, co.
Salop. He w., 18 Nov. 1768, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Anna, 2nd da. of
Henry Vernon, of Hilton, co. Stafford, by Harriet, 3rd da. of Thomas
(Wentworth), Earl of Strafford. He d. in Portman Square, 6, and
was bur. 20 Jan. 1789, at Attingham (now Atcham), Salop, in his 44th
year. His widows'. 23 Mar. 1797, and was bur. in Manfredonia, in the
Kingdom of Naples. Will pr. 22 Feb. 1798.
II. 1789. 2. Thomas Noel (Hill), Baron Berwick OF Atting-
ham, 1st s. and h., b. 21 Oct. 1770, and bap. at Atcham.
Ed. at Cambridge. Took his seat 13 June 1794. F. S. A. 4 June 1 801. A
Tory. He m., 8 Feb. 1 8 1 2, at St. Marylebone, Sophia (a minor), da. of John
James Dubochet. He d. s.p.., 3 Nov. 1832, at Naples, and was bur. there,
aged 62. Will pr. Aug. 1833. His widow d. 29 Aug. 1875, ^^ Leaming-
ton, aged 81.
III. 1832. 3. William (Noel-Hill), Baron Berwick of
Attingham, formerly William Hill, br. and h., b.
21 Oct. 1773, and bap. at Atcham. Ed. at Rugby from Jan. 1783, and at
Jesus Coll., Cambridge; M.A. 1793; M.P. (Tory) for Shrewsbury 1796-
i8i2,and for Marlborough 18 14-18. Envoy to Ratisbon 1805-07, to Turin
1807-24, and to Naples 1824-30. By Royal lie, 19 Mar. 1824, he took
the surname of A'of/ before that of Hi//. P.C. 7 Apr. 1824. He d. unm.,
s.p. /egit., at his seat, Redrice, near Andover, 4, and was bur. 15 Aug. 1842,
at Atcham, aged 68. Admon. June 1843.
IV. 1842. 4. Richard (Noel-Hill), Baron Berwick of
Attingham, formerly Richard Hill, yst. br. and h., b. at
St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, 7, and priv. bap. there 11 Nov. 1774, publicly
received 14 Sep. 1775, at Atcham. Ed. at Rugby from 9 Apr. 1787, and
at St. John's Coll., Cambridge ; M.A. 1795. Rector of Berrington, Salop,
and of Thornton-in-the-Moors, co. Chester (both in 1799) till his death.
By royal lie, 19 Mar. 1824, he, with his elder br., took the surname of Noe/
before that of Hi//. A Conservative. He m., 16 Jan. 1800, at St. Chad's,
Shrewsbury, Frances Maria, 2nd da. of William Mostyn Owen, of Wood-
house, Salop, by Rebecca, sister of Thomas Crewe Dod. She d. 4 Jan.
1840, and was bur. at Atcham. He d. there 28 Sep., and was bur. there
6 Oct. 1 848, aged 74. Will pr. Nov. 1848.
V. 1848. 5. Richard Noel (Noel-Hill), Baron Berwick of
Attingham, ist s. and h., ^.21, and bap. 23 Nov. 1800,
at Betton House, reg. at Berrington, Salop. Ed. at Rugby 18 13. A Con-
servative. He d. unm., at Cronhill, near Shrewsbury, 12, and was bur.
19 Apr. 1 86 1, at Atcham, aged 60. (^)
(") He was a Whig till the Coalition of i 783, after which he supported Pitt. V.G.
O He "devoted himself almost entirely to agricultural and mechanical pursuits,"
V.G.
BERWICK 169
VI. 1861. 6. William (Noel-Hill), Baron Berwick of
Attingham, br. and h., b. 6, and bap. 12 July 1802, at
Betton House afsd. Ed. at Rugby 18 13. Sometime an officer in the
87th Foot, and served in the Burmese war, 1825-26. A Conservative.
He d. unm., 24 Nov. 1882, at Attingham Hall. Will pr. at Shrewsbury,
18 Jan. 1883, under ;{^ 100,000.
VII. 1882. 7. Richard Henry (Noel-Hill), Baron Berwick OF
Attingham, nephew and h., being s. and h. of Thomas
Henry Noel-Hill, M.A., Rector of Berrington, by Harriett Rebecca,
1st da. of John Humffreys, of Llwyn, co. Montgomery, which Thomas
Henry was next br. to the last Lord, and d. v.f., i Mar. 1870, aged 66.
He was b. 13 May 1847 (being twin with his br. Thomas Noel), and bap.
at Berrington afsd. A Conservative. He m., 9 June 1869, Ellen, ist da.
of Bruckspatron Nystrom, of MalmOe, Sweden. He d. s.p., 2 Nov. 1897,
after a long illness, at Atcham, aged 50. Will dat. 17 Dec. 1887, pr. over
;^ 1 3 8,000 gross, net personalty nil. His widow living (191 1).
VIII. 1897. 8. Thomas Henry (Noel-Hill), Baron Berwick of
Attingham, nephew and h., being s. and h. of the Rev.
the Hon. Thomas Noel-Hill, Rector of Berrington, Salop, by Frederica
Sarah, da. of the Rev. William David Morrice, Preb. of Salisbury, which
Thomas (who d. 5 July 1888, aged 41) was twin br. of the late Baron. He
was ^ 2 Apr. 1877. B.A. Trinity Coll. Oxford 1901; sometime an At-
tach^ in Paris. A Conservative.
Family Estates. — These,in 18 83, consisted of 5,552 acres in Salop, valued
at about ;^ 10,500 a year. Principal Residence. — Attingham Hall, Salop.
BESSBOROUGH
BARONY [I.] I. William Ponsonby, 3rd s. of Sir John P., of
T Bessborough,(^) co. Kilkenny, (a Col. of Horse in the
service of the Commonwealth, who d. 1678, in his
70th year) being 2nd s. by his 2nd wife, Elizabeth, widow of Edward
Trevor, da. of Henry (Folliott), ist Lord Folliott [I.], was b.
1659; matric. at Trin. Coll. Dublin, as Fellow Com. 14 Nov. 1677, aged
18; sue. his elder br. of the whole blood. Sir Henry Ponsonby, temp.
William III; was a Colonel in the Army; M.P. for co. Kilkenny 1692-93,
(*) The origin of this name is as follows. The place was originally Kilmodalla,
i.e. the church of St. Modaiibh. In the 13th century it became the property of the
Norman family of d'Aton or Dauton, and from them was called Kildaton (sometimes
corrupted to Kildalton). Edmund Daton's estate was confiscated for his real or sup-
posed participation in the rebellion of 1641, and under the Act of Settlement was
granted to Sir John Ponsonby, who, desiring to obliterate ail trace of the former owners,
changed the name of the place to 5«j-borough, in honour of his 2nd wife, Elizabeth,
da. of Henry, 1st Lord Folliott of Ballyshannon. [ex inform. G. D. Burtchaell). V.G.
23
lyo BESSBOROUGH
1695-99, 1703-21 ; p. C. [I.] II Nov. 1 71 5. On 11 Sep. 172 1 he was cr.
BARON BESSBOROUGH,C) of Bessborough, co. Kilkenny [I.], taking
his seat as such on the 23rd of the same month. On 28 Feb. 1722/3 he
was cr. VISCOUNT DUNCANNON,C) of the fort of Duncannon, co.
Wexford [I.], with the annual creation fee of 20 marks. He m. Mary,
sister of Brabazon Moore, of Ardee, da. of the Hon. Randle Moore
(4th s. of Charles, 2nd Viscount Drogheda [I.]), by his ist wife,
Jane, da. of Edward (Brabazon), 2nd Earl of Meath [I.]. She d.
26 May 1713, in her 52nd year. He d. 17 Nov. 1724, aged about 65.
Will pr. 1724, Prerog. Ct. [I.]. Both are bur. in the church of Fiddown.
M.I.
II. 1724. 2 and I. Brabazon (Ponsonby), Viscount Dun-
FART DOM FT ^ CANNON and Baron Bessborough [I.], s. and h., b. 1679.
L ■-' M.P. for Newtonards (sometimes called Newtown), co.
I. 1739. Down, 1705-14; for co. Kildare 1715-24. Capt. of
Grenadiers in the Enniskillen or 27th Reg. in 1707;
Sheriff and Governor of co. Kilkenny, 1713; and of co. Kildare, 1714.
Took his seat in the House of Lords [I.] 7 Sep. 1725; P.C. [I.] 10 May
i727;Commissioner of the Revenue [I.] 1739-44. On 6 Oct. I739hewascr.
EARL OF BESSBOROUGH [I.], and took his seat as such on the 9th.('")
Ten years afterwards he was cr., 12 June 1749, BARON PONSONBY OF
SYSONBY, CO. Leicester [G.B.], and took his seat as such 17 Jan.
1750. Marshal of the Admiralty [I.] 1751-52; one of the Lords Justices
[I.] May 1754-55, and May 1756-57. Vice Admiral of Munster 1755.
A Whig in politics. He m., istly, Sarah, widow of Hugh Colvill, da. of
James Margetson,('^) by Alice, da. of William (Caulfeild), ist Viscount
Charlemont [I.]. She d. 21 May 1733, and was ^wr. at Fiddown afsd. He
m., 2ndly, 28 Nov. 1733, Elizabeth ("of ;^2,ooo a year estate, and ;^io,ooo
in ready money"), widow of John (Moore), ist Baron Moore of Tulla-
MORE [I.], and before that of Sir John King, Bart. [I.], ist da. and coh. of
John SANK.EY, of Tenelick, co. Longford, by Eleanor, 3rd da. of Robert
Morgan, of Cottlestown, co. Sligo. By her, who d. 17 July 1738, aged 58,
and was bur. at Fiddown, he had no issue. He d. at Bessborough,
"of a surfeit of fruit," 4 July 1758, and was bur. at Fiddown,
aged 79.('^)
(f) The preambles of these patents, setting forth his illustrious descent from Picardy
in France, and the staunch Protestantism of his father, are given in Lodge, vol. v, p.
274, note.
('') The preamble to the patent is in Lodge, vol. v, p. 278, note.
(^) This James was s. and h. of James Margetson, Archbishop of Armagh. He
possessed lands at Sysonby, co. Leicester, which consequently descended to the Pon-
sonby family and gave the designation to their English Barony.
('') His 3rd s., John, was speaker of the House of Commons [I.], and was father
of the 1st Baron Ponsonby [I.], and of George P., Lord Chancellor [I.]. V.Q.
BESSBOROUGH
171
EARLDOM [I.]]
II.
BARONY [I.]
III.
1758.
2 and 3. William (Ponsonby), Earl of Bess-
borough, &'c. [I.], also Baron Ponsonby of
Sysonby, 2nd, but ist surv. s. and h. by ist wife,
i>. 1704; M.P. (Whig) for Newtonards 1725-27
for CO. Kilkenny 1727-58; for Derby 1742-54
for Saltash 1754-56, and for Harwich 1756-58
P.C. [I.] 19 Nov. 1 741; Sec. to the Lord Lieut
[I.] 1741-44. A Lord of the Admiralty 1746-56; of the Treasury 1756-59
Vice Admiral of Munster, and Gov. and Custos Rot. of co. Kilkenny 1758
Joint Postmaster Gen. 1759-62 and 1765-66. P.C. [G.B.] 12 July 1765
Trustee of the Brit. Museum 1768 till his death. He ;«., 5 July 1739,
Caroline, ist da. of William (Cavendish), 3rd Duke of Devonshire
(Lord Lieut, of Ireland, 1737-44), by Catharine, only da. and h. of
John H0SK.1NS. She, who was l>. 22 May 1719, being goddaughter
of George II, d. 20 Jan. 1760, and was Ifur. at All Saints', Derby.
He i/. II Mar. i793,('') and was i>ur. at All Saints', Derby, aged 88.
Will pr. May 1793.
EARLDOM [I.]
III.
BARONY [1.]
IV.
1793-
3 and 4. Frederick. (Ponsonby), Earl of
Bessborough, is^c. [I.], also Baron Ponsonby of
Sysonby, 5th, but only surv. s. and h., /^. 24 Jan.,
and l^ap. 21 Feb. 1758, at St. Marylebone.
Matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 27 Oct. 1774,
M.A. 22 Apr. 1777; D.C.L. 30 Apr. 1779.
M.P. (Whig) for Knaresborough 1780-93; a
Lord of the Admiralty, Mar. to July 1782, and Apr. to Dec. 1783. Hew;.,
27 Nov. 1780 (spec, lie), at her father's house in St. James's, Westm., Henri-
etta Frances, 2nd da. of John (Spencer), ist Earl Spencer, by Margaret
Georgiana, da. of the Rt. Hon. Stephen Poyntz, of Midgeham, Berks.
She, who was /-. 16 June 1761, at Wimbledon, <r/. 14 Nov. 1821, near
Florence, and was I'ur. in the Cavendish vault at Derby. He rt'. 3 Feb.
1844, at Canford House, Dorset, aged 86, and was l^ur. at Canford, being
removed to Hatherop, co. Gloucester. C")
(") He is stated to have been addicted to " Virtu." See vol. i, Appendix H, for a
list of amusements of Men ofFashion in 1782. He appears in I776,with awoman
named Gilbert, as " The kind Keeper and Mile G . . b . . t," in the tete-a-tcte portraits
in Town and Country Mag,, vol. viii, p. 265, for an account of which see Appendix B
in the last vol. of this work. The Hon. Mrs. Hervey writes, 30 July 1777, " Lord
Bessborough is here, who can never grow better or worse, or other than he is; it is
incredible what nonsense he talks." His wife appears from contemporary records to
have been a great gambler. V.G.
C') He " is a man of the most amiable and mild manners; without at all affecting
the character of an orator, he is an excellent speaker, and much attended to. He
takes a decided part against the Union." [Sketches of Irish Political Character, I799)'
V.G.
172
EARLDOM [I.])
IV.
BARONY [I.]
V.
• 1844,
BESSBOROUGH
4 and 5. John William (Ponsonby), Earl
OF Bessborough, &'c. [I.], also Baron Ponsonby
OF Sysonby, s. and h., i>. 31 Aug. 1781, and i>ap.
at St. Marylebone. Matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.)
14 Oct. 1799, M.A. June 1802. M.P. (Whig)
for Knaresborough 1 805-06, for Higham Ferrers
1 8 10-12, for Malton 1812-26, for co. Kilkenny
1826-32, and for Nottingham 1832-34. Lord Lieut, of co. Carlow
i83i-38,andotco. Kilkenny 1838 till his death. P.C. [G.B.] 23 Feb. 1831.
Took an active part in the preparation of the Reform Bill of 1831. (^)
First Commissioner of Woods and Forests 1831-34 and 1835-41, being as
such. Warden of the Forest of Dean and Constable of St. Briavel's Castle.
Home Sec. July to Nov. 1834. On 19 July 1 834 he was cr. (v.p.) BARON
DUNCANNON OF BESSBOROUGH, co. Kilkenny [U.K.]. Lord
Privy Seal 1835-39. Eccles. Com. 1841 till his death. Lord Lieut, of
Ireland, July 1846 till his death. C") He m., 16 Nov. 1805, (spec, lie.)
at her father's house in Berkeley Sq., Maria, 3rd da. of John (Fane), loth
Earl of Westmorland, by his ist wife, Sarah Anne, da. and h. of Robert
Child, of Osterley Park, Midx. She, who was ^. 11 May 1787,^. 19 Mar.
1834, in Cavendish Sq., and was liur. at Wimbledon. He ^. at IDublin
Castle, of dropsy on the chest, 16, and was i>ur. 22 May 1847, at Fiddown,
in his 66th year.(^) Will pr. Aug. 1848.
EARLDOM [I.])
V.
5 and 6. John George Brabazon (Ponsonby),
Earl of Bessborough, &'c. [L], also Baron
„ Ponsonby of Sysonby, &'c.y s. and h., !>. 14 Oct.
^ ^"^7- 1 809. Ed. at Charterhouse School. M.P. (Whig)
for Bletchingley 1831, for Higham Ferrers
1831-32, and for Derby 1835-47. Sheriff of co.
Carlow 1838; Lord Lieut, of CO. Carlow 1838 till
his death; P.C. 27 June 1848; Master of the Buckhounds 1848-52, 1852-58,
and 1859-66; Lord Steward of the Household Jan. to July 1866, and
1868-74. He »/., istly, 8 Sep. 1835, at her father's house in Cleveland Row,
St. James's, Frances Charlotte, ist da. of John George (Lambton), ist Earl
BARONY [L]
VL
(^) Associated with him in the preparation of the Bill were Lord John Russell,
Lord Durham, and Sir James Graham. V.G.
C") It was almost 60 years since a similar case of death during the tenure of that
office had occurred, viz. that of the 4th Duke of Rutland, 24 Oct. 1787.
('^) An able member of the Whig party, though an incompetent debater, he was
an excellent "Whip." "No man ever quitted the world more surrounded by
sympathy, approbation, respect and affection . . . He had a remarkably calm and
unruffled temper, and very good sound sense ... In his administration [of Ireland],
adverse and unhappy as the times were, he displayed great industry, firmness, and
knowledge of the circumstances and character of the Irish people, and he conciliated
the goodwill of those to whom he had been, all his life, opposed." {Greville
Memoirs, 7 June 1847). V.G.
BESSBOROUGH
173
OF Durham, by Harriet, his ist wife, formerly Harriet CHOLiVoNDELEv,
spinster. She, who was ^. 16 Oct. 1812,^. of consumption, at Bessborough
House, 18, and was bur. 23 Dec. 1835, at Fiddown, 3 months after her
marriage. He »;., 2ndly, 4 Oct. 1849, ^^ Fochaber, Caroline Amelia, ist
da. of Charles (Gordon-Lennox), 5th Duke of Richmond, by Caroline,
da. of Henry William (Paget), ist Marquess of Anglesey. He d. s.p.,
at Bessborough, 28 Jan., and was bur. 3 Feb. 1880, at Fiddown, aged 70.
Will dat. 14 Nov. 1859 to 20 May 1879, P'"- i- ^'^7 1880. His widow,
who was b. 18 June 18 19, d. at Bessborough, 30 Apr., and was bur. 6 May
1890, at Fiddown, aged nearly 71. Will dat. 21 Sep. 1882, pr. 14 June
1890.
EARLDOM [LJ
VL
6 and 7. Frederick George Brabazon
(Ponsonby), Earl of Bessborough, ^c. [I.], also
3 Baron Ponsonby of Sysonby, ^c, next surv. br.
"and h., b. 11 Sep. 18 15, in London. Ed. at
Harrow, and at Trin. Coll., Cambridge. M.A.
1837. Barrister (Line. Inn) 1840. A Liberal. (^)
He d.y unm., of bronchitis, at 45 Green Str.,
Mayfair, 11, and was bur. 19 Mar. 1895, ^^ Pilltown, co. Kilkenny,
aged 79. Will dat. 18 Dec. 1833 to Feb. 1889, pr. 25 June 1895, at j^i 14,984
gross and ;^68,920 net.
BARONY [1.]
VII.
EARLDOM [I.]
VII.
BARONY [I.]
VIII.
7 and 8. Walter William Brabazon (Pon-
sonby), Earl of Bessborough [1739], Viscount
„ Duncannon [1723], and Baron Bessborough
"^' [1721], in the Peerage of Ireland, also Baron
Ponsonby of Sysonby [1749] and Baron Dun-
cannon of Bessborough [1834], next br. and h.;
b. IT, Aug. 1 821, at Roehampton, Surrey, and bap.
at Putney; ed. at Harrow, and at Trin. Coll., Cambridge; B.A. 1840;
M.A. 1843; took Holy Orders (>>) 1845; Rector of Canford Magna, Wilts,
1846-69, of Beer Ferris, Devon, 1869-75, °^ Marston Bigot, Somerset,
1875-80, and of Stutton, Suffolk, 1880-94. A Liberal Unionist. He m.,
15 Jan. 1850, at St. James's, Westm., Louisa Susan Cornwallis, only da.
of Edward Granville (Eliot), 3rd Earl of St. Germans, by Jemima, 3rd
da. andcoh. of Charles (Cornwallis), 2nd Marquess Cornwallis. He d.
at 38 Eccleston Sq., Pimlico, 24 Feb., and was bur. 2 Mar. 1906, at
if) He was Chairman, 1 880-81, of the Bessborough Commission, whose report on
the Irish Land Laws led to the passing of the Land Act in 1881. He abstained from
voting on Gladstone's Home Rule Bill in 1893. He was an enthusiastic cricketer, and
together with his friend, " Bob " Grimston, used for many years to coach the Harrow
eleven. V.Q.
C") Among temporal Peers in holyordersin 1895 were the Marquess of Norman by,
the Ear! of Devon, the Earl de la Warr, Viscount Molesworth [I.], and Lord Plunket
(Archbishop of Dublin).
174 BESSBOROUGH
Pilltown afsd., aged 84. (^) Will pr. May 1 906, gross over £ i ,600, net over
j^i,400. His widow, who was h. 17 Dec. 1825, ^. of heart failure, at 38
Eccleston Sq., Pimlico, 15, and via.s i>ur. 20 Jan. 191 1, at Pilltown.
[Edward Ponsonby, styled Viscount Duncannon, ist s. and h., b.
I Mar. 1 85 1. Sec. to Lord R. Grosvenor at the Treasury 1880-84.
Sometime Lieut. R.N. , retired 1874. Barrister-at-law 1879; Sec. to the
Speaker (Peel) of the H. of C. 1884-95; C.B. (Civil) May 1895; Sheriff
of CO. Carlow 1898 ; C.C. for Kilkenny 1899 ;C.V.O. Apr. 1902 ; Chairman
of theL.B.iyS.C. Railway; a Kt. of Grace St. John of Jerusalem. Hew.,
22 Apr. 1875, Blanche Vere, sister of Ivor Bertie (Guest), ist Baron
WiMBORNE, and da. of Sir Josiah J. Guest, ist Bart., by Charlotte Elizabeth,
only da. of Albemarle (Bertie), 9th Earl ofLindsey. Having j«c. to the
peerage in 1906, he is, as such, outside the scope of this work.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of about 24,000 acres in
CO. Kilkenny, worth about ^15,500 a year; about 10,600 in co. Carlow
and 200 in co. Tipperary; also about 700 acres in co. Leicester worth
about ;^900 a year. Total 35,440 acres, worth ^22,384 a year. Chief
Residences. — Bessborough House, near Pilltown, co. Kilkenny, and Garry
Hill, CO. Carlow.
i.e. " Duncannon of Bessboroug h, co. Kilkenny," Barony [1.] {Ponsonby),
cr. 19 July 1834, see "Bessborough," Earldom of [I.], cr. 1739, under the
4th Earl.
BETTESHANGER
See "NoRTHBouRNE OF Betteshanger, Kent, and of Jarrow Grange,
CO. Durham," Barony (James), cr. 1884.
BEVEL
Bevel, Viscountcy, see Albemarle, Dukedom, cr. 3 Nov. 1721 by
the titu/ar James III ; and vol. i. Appendix F.
BEVERLEY
i.e. "Beverley, CO. York," Marquessate (Doug/as), see "Dover," Duke-
dom of; cr. 1708, extinct 1778.
EARLDOM. I. Algernon (Percy), Lord Lovaine, Baron of
X Alnwick, Northumberland, 2nd s. of Hugh (Percy,
'" ■ formerly Smithson), Duke of Northumberland, tPc, by
Elizabeth, da. and h. of Algernon (Seymour), Duke of Somerset, Earl
('') He was one of the numerous peers who have been directors of public com-
panies, for a list of whom (in 1896) see vol. v, Appendix C. V.G.
BEVERLEY 175
OF Northumberland, tfc, was b. 21 Jan. 1749/50, in the parish of St.
Geo., Han. Sq. Ed. at Eton. He was M.P. (Tory) for Northumberland,
1774 to 1786, in which year, by the death of his father, 6 June 1786, he
sue. to the Peerage as Lord Lovaine, &'c., the Duice having been so cr.
28 June 1784, with a spec. rem. in favour of this his yr. son. He was one of
the English who were detained prisoners in France during hostilities. On
2 Nov. 1 790 he was cr. EARL OF BEVERLEY, co. York. F.S. A. 1 3 Jan.
1820. He ;«., 8 June 1775, (spec, lie.) at Sion House, Islevvorth, Midx.,
Isabella Susanna (^), sister of Peter, ist Baron Gwydyr, and 2nd da. of
Peter Burrell, of Beckenham, Kent, by Elizabeth, da. and h. of John
Lewis, of Hackney, Midx. She, who was ^. 19 Dec. 1750, and l^ap.
17 Jan. 1 751, at St. Anne's, Soho, </. in Portman Sq., 24, and was bur.
3 1 Jan. 1 8 1 2, in Westm. Abbey. Will dat. 7 Oct. 1 809, at Northcourt, Isle
of Wight, pr. 1 8 Nov. 1 8 1 2. He ^. 2 1 Oct. 1 830, at Le Mans, near Nice,('')
and was i^ur. in the parish church of St. Marylebone, aged 80. Will pr.
Feb. 1 83 1.
II. 1830. 2. George (Percy), Earl of Beverley, &'c., s. and
h., ^. 22 June 1778. On 12 Feb. 1865, in his 87th
year, he sue. his cousin as Duke of Northumberland. See "North-
umberland," Dukedom of; cr. 1766, under the 5th Duke.
BEWLIE
This apparently was only a Scottish territorial lordship, held by the
father of James Hay, cr., in 1606, Baron Hay. See "Carlisle," Earl-
dom of, cr. 1622, extinct 1660.
BEXLEY
BARONY. I. Nicholas Vansittart, of Foots Cray Place, Kent,
T „ 5th s. of Henry V., M.P., Gov. of Bengal, (who d. Jan.
^ i']1o)(f) by Amelia, da. of Nicholas Morse, Gov. of
Q Madras, was ^. 29 Apr. 1766. Ed. at Mr. Gilpin's School,
■^ * Cheam, Surrey; matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 29 Mar. 1784,
student of Ch. Ch. and B. A. 1787, M. A. 1791; cr. D.C.L. 16 June 1814;
(^) She was one of four sisters, of whom the three younger " married some of the
greatest noblemen in Britain" [the Earl of Beverley, the Duke of Northumberland,
and the Duke of Hamilton], though "never were any women less endowed with
uncommon attractions of external form." See Wraxall's Memoirs, vol. iii, pp. 352-
355, where "the rapid elevation of the Burrell family" is set forth. "Toute la
famille de Milord Beverley est interessante. Milady est si bonne, si gaie, si douce,
et si aimable." (Letter of Mme. de Saussure to Lord John Campbell, 1803). V.G.
C') " His Lordship is remarkable for the elegance and suavity of his manners."
{Collins, vol. v, p. 287).
(^) He was lost, with all hands, in the " Aurora " on his way to Bengal; the ship
was last seen 27 Dec. 1769. V.Q.
176
BEXLEY
Barrister (Line. Inn) 1791; Bencher 18 12; M.P. (Tory) for Hastings
1796-1802, for Old Sarum 1802-12, for East Grinstead June to Sep. 1812,
and tor Harwich 1812-23; Envoy to Denmark, 1801; Joint Sec. to the
Treasury 1801-04, and 1806-07; P.C. [I.] 14 Jan. 1805; Sec. to the Lord
Lieut. [I.] Jan. to Sep. 1805; Chancellor of the Exchequer 18 12 to i823,(*)
and was on his resignation of that postC") cr. i Mar. 1823, BARON
BEXLEY, of Bexley, Kent,('') receiving a pension of ^^3,000 a year.
F.R.S. 7 Feb. 18 12, F.S.A. 24 Jan. 1822. Chancellor of the Duchy of
Lancaster 1823-28; High Steward of Harwich, Director of Greenwich
Hospital 1824-29. He w., 22 July 1806, Catharine Isabella, 2nd da. of
William (Eden), ist Baron Auckland, by Eleanor, 2nd da. of Sir Gilbert
Elliot, Bart. [S.]. She, who was b. 20 Sep. 1778, d. 10 Aug. 18 10. He
d. s.p., 8 Feb. 1 851, in his 85th year, at Foots Cray afsd., when his Peerage
became extinct. Will pr. Feb. 1852.
BHURTPORE
See "CoMBERMERE, OF Bhurtpore in the East Indies and of Comber-
mere, CO. Chester," Viscountcy {Cotton)^ cr. 1827.
BICKERSTAFF
See "Stanley of Bickerstaff, co. Lancaster," Barony {Smith-Stanley),
cr. 1832.
BIDDEFORD
i.e. "Granville, of Kilkhampton and Biddeford," Barony {Gran-
ville), see "Bath," Earldom of; cr. 1661; extinct 1717.
See "Lansdown of Biddeford, co. Devon," Barony (^Granville), cr.
17 12; extinct 1735.
BIDEFORD
i.e. Lansdown of Bideford, Barony, see Albemarle, Dukedom, cr.
3 Nov. 1 72 1 by the titular James III; and vol. i, Appendix F.
(f) He was one of the 22 "stalwarts" who voted against the 3rd reading of the
Reform Bill, 4 June 1832, after Wellington and the great bulk of the Opposition
had decided to abstain. For a list of these see vol. iii, Appendix I. V.G.
C") " He boasted, upon very fair grounds, of having had the satisfaction to retire,
leaving a clear surplus revenue of ^Ty, 000, 000 per annum, [yet] great [as] was his
financial reputation, it is certain that his views and statements could never be under-
stood ; his opponents charged him with wilful mystification." [Annual Reg., 1851).
(') This creation was with the object of getting him out of the House of Commons
and out of the way of Canning, who was then joining the administration, and to whom
he was politically hostile. "To crown all, Van. is to be crowned with a coronet!
Laugh if you will, but it is a most serious relief to me." (G. Canning to Sir Charles
Bagot, 3 Jan. 1823). V.G.
BINGLEY
177
BILLING
The Marquessate of Billing, co. Northampton, was conferred by
Privy Seal, 3 May 1645, on Barnabas (O'Brien), 5th Earl of Thomond
[I.], but, no patent having ever passed, the dignity was'not assumed by
him or the heirs male of his body, which heirs became extinct in 1741.
BINDON
See "Howard of Bindon, Dorset," Viscountcy {Howard), cr. 1559;
extinct 1 6 1 1 .
EARLDOM
I. 1706.
I. Henry (Howard), i/y/^is' (improperly) Lord"
Walden, s. and h. ap. of Henry, Earl of Suffolk,
was cr., v.p., 30 Dec. 1706, BARON CHESTER-
FORD, Essex, and EARL OF BINDON, Dorset. On 10 Nov.
1 709 he sue. his father as Earl of Suffolk. He d. 1 9 Sep. 1 7 1 8.
II. 1718 2. Charles William (Howard), Earl OF Suf-
to FOLK, Earl of Bindon and Baron Chesterford,
1722. s. and h. He i/. 8 Mar. 172 1/2, /./>., when the Earl-
dom of Bindon and the Barony of Chesterford be-,
came extinct.
1 n
d
o
r
ON
o
: C
3
BINGHAM
The style of "Lord Bingham " is used by the family of Bingham,
Earls of Lucan [I.] (so cr. 1795), ^^ *he courtesy title of the h. ap. of that
Earldom.
BINGLEY
BARONY
I. 1713
to
1731-
I. Robert Benson, s. and h. of Robert B., of Wren-
thorpe, CO. York (an attorney, " a man of mean extrac-
tion"), (^) by Dorothy, da. of Tobias Jenkins, of Grimston,
in that co., M.P. (Tory) (") for Thetford 1702-05, and
for the city of York 1 705- 1 3, Commissioner of the Treasury
Aug. 1710-11, and finally Chancellor of the Exchequer, 14 June 1711-13.
On 2 1 July 1 7 13, he was cr. BARON OF BINGLEY, co. York, resigning
office I Nov. following. Director of the South Sea Co. i7ii-i5;P.C. 14 June
1 7 II till Sep. 1 7 1 4, restored 1 1 June 1 730, on taking office under Walpole.
Ambassador to Madrid for Queen Anne 1 713-14, and Treasurer of
('') " Mr. Benson is of no extraction. His father was an attorney and no great
character for an honest man. . . He has lived very handsomely in the country without
being a drinker, though very gallant amongst the ladies." (" Character " by Thomas,
Earl of StrafFord, IVentworth Papers,^. 133, ed. 1883). V.G.
(*=) He joined the Whigs later in life. V.G.
24
178
BINGLEY
the Household to George II 1730-31. He obtained from the Crown the
grant of the extensive tract called Bramham JVIoor, co. York, whereon he
erected a stately mansion. Hem., 21 Dec. 1703, at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields,
Elizabeth, da. of Heneage (Finch), ist Earl of Aylesford, by Elizabeth,
da. ofSir John Banks, Bart. He d. s.p.m., 9, and was l)ur. 14 Apr. 1731, in
Westm. Abbey, aged 55. At his death his Peerage became extinct. Will dat.
27 June 1729 to 9 Mar. 1729/30, pr. 13 Apr. 1731. His widow ^. 26 Feb.,
and was bur. 11 Mar. 1757, in Westm. Abbey, aged 78. Will dat. 25 July
1737 [sic], pr. 26 Mar. 1757.
I. George Fox (afterwards Fox-Lane), s. and h. of
II. 1762 Henry Fox {d. 1719), by his 2nd wife, Frances, da. of
to George (Lane), ist Viscount Lanesborough [I.], was
1773. M.P. (Tory) for Hindon, 1734-41; and for the city of
York 1742-61, and, having sue. to the estates of the family
of Lane under the will of his maternal uncle, James, 2nd Viscount Lanes-
borough [I.], took, by act of Pari. 22 Mar, 1750/1, the name of Lane
after that of Fox. On 13 May 1762, he was cr. BARON BINGLEY,
CO. York, with rem. to the heirs male of his body on the body of his wife,
Harriet. He m., 12 July 1731, at Somerset House chapel, Harriet,(^) da.
and sole h. of Robert (Benson), Baron Bingley, and Elizabeth, his wife,
abovenamed. She, who was bap. at St. Margt., Westm., 4 Feb. 1704/5, d. at
Bath, in her 67th year, 7, and was bur. 13 Apr. 1771, with her parents in
Westm. Abbey. He d. s.p.s.,(^) 22 Feb. 1773, at Bramham Park, in his 77th
year, when his Peerage became extinct. Will dat. 30 May 1770, pr. 27 Apr.
I773-C)
BINNING
BARONY [S.] I. Sir Thomas Hamilton, Secretary of State and
Lord Clerk Register [S.], was in 16 13 cr. LORD
I. 16 13. BINNING AND BYRES, co. Haddington [S.]. On
20 Mar. 1 619 he was cr. Earl of Melrose, co. Roxburgh
[S.], which by patent dat. 27 Aug. 1627, was exchanged for the Earldom
OF Haddington, with the former precedency. See "Haddington," Earl-
dom of [S.], cr. 1627, with the precedency of 1619.
(^) She is said to have brought him j^ioo,ooo and estates (including that of Bram-
ham, CO. York) worth ,^7,000 a year.
C") His only legitimate child, Robert, b. 5 Aug. 1732, M.P. for York 1761-68,
though twice married, d. s.p. and v.p.. May 1768. General Burgoyne, a prominent
Whig politician, and a somewhat incompetent Commander in the American War, is
said, on the authority of Horace Walpole, in a letter to Mason, dated 5 Oct. i 7 7 7, to
have been his illegitimate son, but the Editor has been unable to find anything in con-
firmation of this statement. V.G.
(^) He devised the Bramham estate which he had derived from his xvife to his own
nephew James Fox-Lane (the friend of George IV), who d. in 7 Apr. 1821, leaving
issue.
BLACHFORD 179
BIRLING
i.e. " Nevill, of Birling, Kent," Viscountcy (A'ifi;///), see "Aberga-
venny," Earldom of, cr. 1784.
BIRMINGHAM see BERMINGHAM
See " Ward, of Birmingham, co. Warwick," Barony {IVard), cr. 1 664.
BLACHFORD OF WISDOME
BARONY. Frederick. Rogers, s. and h. of Sir Frederick Leman
I. 1871 Rogers, Bart. [1699], of Blachford Park, in the parish of
to Cornwood, Devon, by Sophia, da. of Charles Russell
1889. Deare, Lieut. Col. of the Bengal Artillery, b. 31 Jan., and
bap. 26 May 181 1, at St. Marylebone; ed. at Eton;
matric. at Oxford (Oriel Coll.) 2 July 1828; Craven Scholar, 1829; B.A.
and double first class, 1832; Fellow of Oriel Coll., 1833; Vinerian scholar,
1834; M.A., 1835; Vinerian Fellow and B.C.L., 1838; Barrister (Line.
Inn), 1837; Registrar of Joint Stock Companies, 1845; Emigration Com-
missioner, 1846-60; sue. his father in the Baronetcy 13 Dec. 1851;
Commissioner for sale of West Indian estates, 1857; Permanent Under
Secretary of State for the Colonies, i86o-7i;('') K.C.M.G., 23 June 1869;
P.C. 29 June 1 87 1. On 4 Nov. 1 871, he was rr. BARON BLACHFORD
OF WlSDOME,(t) Devon. G.C.M.G., 24 May 1883. He m., 29 Sep.
1847, at Dunfermline, co. Fife, Georgiana Mary, da. of Andrew Colville,
yoHK^r/y Wedderburn, of Ochiltree and Craigflower, by his 2nd wife, Mary
Louisa, da. of William (Eden), ist Baron Auckland. He d. s.p.,21 Nov.
i889,('') ^^ Blachford Park, aged 78, and was ^«r. at Cornwood, afsd., when
(*) A Liberal till 1886, when, remaining a Unionist, he became separated from
his party. V.G.
C') Wisdom, now and for many years a farmhouse on the Blachford estate, was the
designation of the Baronetcy inherited by Lord Blachford from his ancestor, Sir John
Rogers, of Wisdom, Bart., so cr. in 1699. G.E.C.
This creation appears to have been the first in the meritorious ranks of the Civil
Service, but since then Lords Cottesloe and Hammond (1874), Hobhouse and Lin-
gen (1885), Thring (1886), Sandford (1891), Farrer (1893), and Welby (1894), have
been drawn from that body. Except in the case of Lord Sandford, all these honours
were given on the advice of one Minister, Gladstone. V.G.
('^) " He was the most gifted, the most talented and of the most wonderful grasp of
mind of any of his contemporaries." (John H. Newman). He was, also, a thoroughly
earnest Churchman, of the type of his two friends, Gladstone, the Prime Minister,
and Dr. Church, Dean of St. Paul's, and was one of the promoters of The Guardian
newspaper. V.G.
i8o BLACHFORD
his Peerage became extinct.(^) His widow rt'. 13 July 1900, at Wisdome,
near Cornwood afsd. Will pr. over ;^2 5,000 gross, and over ;^24,ooo net.
Fami/y Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 2,919 acres in Devon,
valued at about ;r2,5oo a year. Princha/ Residence. — Blachford Park, near
Ivybridge, Devon.
BLACKBURN OF KILLEARN
BARONY FOR Colin Blackburn, 2nd s. of John B., of Killearn,
LIFE. CO. Stirling, by Rebecca Leslie, da. of the Rev. Colin
, „ ^ Gillies, was b. 18 May 18 13, at Levenside, co. Dun-
' barton; ed. at Eton, and Trin. Coll., Cambridge; B.A.,
jg°, and 8th Wrangler, 1835; M.A. 1838; Student of Law
" ' (Line. Inn) 1835; Barrister (Inner Temple) 1838,
when he joined the Northern Circuit; Justice of the Queen's Bench 1859,
being knighted 24 Apr. i860. On 16 Oct. 1876 he was appointed {l>ei»g
the first appointment so made) a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary (under " the
Appellate Jurisdiction Act, 1876 "), and was cr. a Baron for life by the style
or title of BARON BLACKBURN OF KILLEARN, co. Stirling.(^)
(f) The Baronetcy {cr. 21 Feb. 1698/9) devolved on his next br., John Charles,
who d. unm., 25 Mar. 1894, aged 76, when it passed to Edward, the only surv. br.,
who d. 9 Mar. 1895, aged 75, on whose death it became extinct.
C') The following extracts indicate the nature and extent of the creations under
THE Appellate Jurisdiction Act (39 and 40 Victoria, cap. 59) —
Clause VI. — "Every Lord of Appeal in Ordinary, unless he is otherwise entitled
to sit as a Member of the House of Lords, shall, by virtue and according to the date
of his appointment, be entitled during his life to rank as a Baron by such style as Her
Majesty may be pleased to appoint, and shall, during the time he continues in his
office as a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary and no longer, be entitled to a Writ of
Summons to attend and to sit and vote in the House of Lords ; his dignity as a Lord
of Pari, shall not descend to his heirs."
Letters Patent. — "We, cs^c, do nominate and appoint him the said [Sir Colin
Blackburn], being a person qualified as in the Act is prescribed, to be a Lord of
Appeal in Ordinary l)y the style and title »/" Baron [Blackburn of Killearn in
the CO. of Stirling] to have, hold, enjoy and exercise and occupy the said office of a
Lord of Appeal in Ordinary unto him the said [Sir Colin Blackburn] during his good
behaviour, i3°c., together with all powers and authorities, rights, privileges, rank and
precedence to the said office belonging, or in anywise appertaining and to hold the said
style or title o/"Baron [Blackburn of Killearn in the co. of Stirling] unto him the
said [Sir Colin Blackburn] for and during the term of his natural life."
At the institution of this order in i 876 only two such Lords were authorised, these
being (i) Blackburn and (2) Gordon. Then came (3) Watson in 1880, viceGovAon
deceased ; (4) Fitzgerald, in 1882, on the resignation of Sir M. Smith, following on
that of Montague Bernard, who were paid members of the Judicial Committee of the
Privy Council; (5) Macnaghten, in 1887, vice Blackburn resigned; (6) Morris, in
1889, vice Fitzgerald deceased. The death (3 Dec. 1890) of Sir Barnes Peacock, also
a paid member of the Judicial Committee, which had been preceded by that of the
third member, Lord Monkswell, in 1886, enabled the creation (under the Act of
BLACKBURN i8i
P.C. 28 Nov. 1876. He resigned office in Dec. 1886, ceasing thereby
for some months to be a member of the House of Lords, till by the Act of
1887 he and other Lords of Appeal were granted that privilege yor life.
A Conservative. He d. unm., at his residence, Doonholm, near Alloway,
CO. Ayr, 8 Jan. 1896, aged 82,(=') when his life Peerage became tAf//«c/. Will
dat. 4 July 1875, pr. Jan. 1896 at Edinburgh, at ^139,965 personalty.
Principal Residence. — Doonholm, co. Ayr.
BLACKCASTLE
i.e. "Windsor of Blackcastle," Viscountcy [I.] {Windior)^ cr. 1699,
extinct 1758.
BLACKMERE
See" Strange " Barony by writ, 1308, under the 2nd Lord, who was
sum. to Pari, as "Strange of Blackm ere," 1343 to 1349, and whose son-in-
law was sum, as "Talbot of Blackmere," 1384 to 1387.
BLACKMOOR
i.e. " Wolmer of Blackmoor, co. Southampton," Viscountcy {Palmer)^
see " Selborne," Earldom of, cr. 1882.
BLAGDON
i.e. " Wensleydale of Blagdon and Blyth," both in Northumber-
land, ('') Barony {Ridley), cr. 1900 with the Viscountcy of Ridley,
which see.
1876) oi a fourth Lord of Appeal ; and accordingly (7) Hannen was, in Jan. 1891,
added to the three Lords (Watson, Macnaghten, and Morris) then existing. Then
followed (8) Bowen, in Sep. I 893, z'/iy Hannen resigned; (9) Russell, in May i^c)^,vice
Bowen deceased; and (10) Davey, in Aug. 1894, vice Russell, who resigned on
becoming L. Chief Justice; (11) Robertson, in 1899, Wte- Watson deceased; (12) Lind-
ley, in 1899, vice Morris resigned; (13) Atkinson, in 1<)0$, vice Lindley resigned; (14)
Collins, in 1907, v/cv Davey resigned; (15) Shaw, in 1909, wAv Robertson deceased;
(16) Robson, in 1910, vice Collins resigned.
The clause which granted the right to a seat in the House of Lords to these Peers,
during their tenure of offi.ce was, in 1887, extended to the term of their life. The
rank of the wives of these life Peers is (under the Act of their creation in 1876) the
same as that of the wife of an hereditary Baron, but their children had, for 21 years
later, no precedence. This, however, was altered by Royal warrant in 1897, when
such children were given precedence next under those of an hereditary Baron, and
above that of a Baronet.
if) He was for 8 years joint editor of the Reports in the Court of Queen's Bench ;
was author of a work on Sales, and had a large practice in heavy commercial cases at
Liverpool and elsewhere, till raised, in 1859, to the Bench.
C") It is presumed that the territorial designation "of Blagdon and Blyth" applies
to the Viscountcy of Ridley, as well as to the Barony of Wensleydale, after which it
is placed, for the creation of a Viscountcy without any territorial designation would
be anomalous.
i82 BLAKENEY
BLAIR
i.e. Murray of Blair, Moulin and Tillemot," Barony [S.] {Murray),
see "Dunmore," Earldom of [S.], cr. 1686.
BLAIR
Blair, Marquessate, see " Mar," Dukedom, cr. 171 5 by the titular
James III; and vol. i. Appendix F.
BLAKENEY OF CASTLE BLAKENEY
BARONY [I.] I. William Blakeney, s. and h. of William B., of
1 ^ Thomastown, co. Limerick, l>. at Mount Blakeney in
' ■' that CO. 1672; when only 18 organised a force to keep
^ the " Rapparees" at bay ; joined the army in Flanders as
a volunteer; became Ensign after the siege of Venloo in
1702. M.P. for Kilmallock 1725-57. Owing to the long peace his
promotion was slow; at the age of 53, he became Col. of the Enniskillens
(27th Foot) 1725, which colonelcy he retained till his death; Brig. Gen.
1743; Major Gen. 1745 ; and Lieut. Gov. of Stirling, where, in 1745, he
distinguished himself by the defeat of the insurgent Highlanders in their
siege of Stirling Castle; Lieut. Gov. of Plymouth 1746-48; Lieut. Gen.
1 747, and Lieut. Gov. of Minorca 1 748-56, where for 8 years he was in chief
command. His gallant defence of Fort St. Philip in that island in 1756 (at
the age of 84) for 70 days (a defence rendered desperate by the retreat of
Admiral Byng therefrom), and the honourable capitulation thereof to the
French, are matters of history. (^) On his return home he was made K.B.
27 Nov. 1756, and on 18 Dec. 1756 was cr. BARON BLAKENEY OF
CASTLE BLAKENEY, co. Galway [I.]. This most popular General d.
unm., 20 Sep., and was i>ur., with some state, 9 Oct. 1761, in Westm. Abbey,
aged 89, when his Peerage became extinct. Will dat. 4 Jan. 1749, pr. 7 Oct.
1 76 1, by his br., Robert Blakeney, of Mount Blakeney afsd., whom he
made his sole heir.
BLANDFORD
i.e. "Blandford," Marquessate {Churchill), cr. 1702 with the Duke-
dom OF Marlborough, which see.
BLANKNEY
See " WiDDRiNGTON, OF Blankney, CO Lincoln," Barony {Widdrington),
cr. \(>i^-i, forfeited 1716.
(^) Lady Mary Montagu writes (28 Dec. 1756), very unfairly, "the mean
capitulator is rewarded." V.G.
BLANTYRE 183
BLANTYRE
BARONY [S.] I. Walter Stewart, of Blantyre, co. Lanark, yr. s.
. , , of Sir John S., of Minto, co. Roxburgh, being ist s. by
his 2nd wife, Margaret, sister and h. of James, and da. of
(another) James Stewart, of Cardonald, having been ed. with James VI,
received from that King a grant of the Priory of Blantyre, C") and, in 1580,
being then made Gent, ot the Bedchamber, is styled "Commendator of
Blantyre." P.C. and Keeper of the Privy Seal [S.] 14 Nov. 1582. Extra-
ordinary Lord of Session, 1593-99, and Jan. 1609/10 till his death; and
in Jan. 1595/6 one of the 8 Commissioners (called "Octavians") of the
Treasury and Exchequer [S.] ; High Treasurer [S.] 6 Mar. 1596. On 1 8 Jan.
1598/9 he had a charter of the Barony of Blantyre, (yc. under the designation
of" Walter, Lord Blantyre (^) our Treasurer." In Apr. 1 599 he was deprived
of his offices and imprisoned in Edinburgh Castle, but soon released, and in
1604 made a Commissioner for the treaty of Union [S.]. On 10 July 1606
he was knighted and was cr. a PeerC^) as LORD OF BLANTYRE [S.].
He ;«., 31 Dec. I58i,('^) Nichola, 4th da. of Sir James Somerville, of
Cambusnethan, by Katherine, da. of Patrick Murray, of Philiphaugh.
She d. before 30 Aug. 16 14. He d. 8 Mar. 161 7.
[Sir J.AMES Stewart, sfsled Master of Blantyre, s. and h. ap. He m.
Dorothy, da. of George (Hastings), 4th Earl of Huntingdon, by
Dorothy, 2nd da. and coh. of Sir John Port, of Etwall, co. Derby. He d.
s.p. and •!'./>., being slain in a duel with Sir George Wharton (slain at the
same time) at Islington, 8, and was bur. there 10 Nov. 1609. His widow,
who was b. 15 Jan. 1579, w., soon after (as 2nd of his three wives), Robert
Dillon, 2nd Earl of Roscommon [I.], who d. 27 Aug. 1642. She .;/. before
1622.]
II. 1 61 7. 2. William (Stewart), Lord Blantyre [S.], 2nd
but 1st surv. s. and h., was K.B. 2 June 16 10. He was
served h. to his maternal grandfather 30 Aug. 16 14, and to his father
12 July 1 62 1. He »;., before 12 Aug. 161 5, Helen, da. of Sir William
Scott, of Ardross, by Jean, da. of Sir John Skene, of Curriehill. He d.
29 Nov. 1638.
(^) See note sub John, Lord Holyroodhouse [1607].
C*) From his being designated '■'■Lord Blantyre" it has been argued that at this, or at
an earlier date (and not at the usually received one of 1 606), the Peerage must have
been created.
("=) On 10 July 1606 " Walter Stewart, Prayour of Blantyre, ves maid Knight of
Cardonald, and thairafter Barone, Banaret and Lord of our Sovereign Lord's pari.
and ordainit in all tyme thair after to be callit Lord of Blantyre." See Carmlcliael's
tracts, 28.
{^) Sir Robert Bowes writes to Sir Francis Walsingham, 7 Jan. 1582, "The prior
of Blantire whom I have called to Court from his fair wife married viij days
past." V.G.
i84 BLANTYRE
III. 1638. 3. Walter (Stewart), Lord Blantyre [S.], s. and h.,
served h. to his father 11 May 1639. He m., shortly
after 24 Sep. 1641, just before his death, Margaret, da. of Sir William
Mure, of Rowallan. He d. s.p., Oct. 1641. His widow m. John
Brisbane.
IV. 1 641. 4. Alexander (Stewart), Lord Blantyre [S.], br.
and h. He was a minor in 1649. In 1647 ^^ ^^^ o"^
of the "Engagers" for Charles I, but escaped punishment on account of
his youth. He ?»., about Sep. 1649, Margaret, da. of John Shaw, of
Greenock, by Helen, da. of Sir John Houston, of Houston.
V. [1670?]. 5. Alexander (Stewart or Stuart), (^) Lord Blantyre
[S.], s. and h. He was very zealous for the Revolution, rais-
ing a regiment for William III, who granted him a pension. He protested
against the legality of the convention of 9 June 1702, and was in 1703 fined
;{,5,ooo "after apologising for undutiful expressions uttered against the
High Commissioner." On 15 Oct. 1702 he inherited a considerable
fortune on the death of his cousin, Frances Teresa, Dowager Duchess of
Richmond and Lennox. (*>) He m., istly, Margaret, da. of Sir John
Henderson, of Fordel, co. Fife, Bart. She d. s.p. He m., 2ndly, in or
before 1682, Anne, sister of John, 2nd Lord Belhaven and Stenton [S.],
and da. of Robert Hamilton, of Pressmennan, one of the Judges of Ses-
sion [S.] under the style oi "Lord Pressmennan, by Marion, ist da. of John
Denholm, of Muirhouse. He d. 20 June I704.('^) His widow, who was
bap. I Aug. 1658, was bur. from Bath about 31 Dec. I722.(^)
VI. 1704. 6. Walter (Stuart), Lord Blantyre [S.], s. and h. by
2nd wife, b. i Feb. 1682/3, took his seat in Pari. [S.]
5 Aug. 1704, and was a vehement opposer of the Union. Rep. Peer [S.]
in the Pari, of 17 10. He d. of fever, unm., 23, and was ^«r. 24 June 17 13,
"in the Duke of Richmond's vault" in Westm. Abbey, aged 30. Admon.
30 Sep. 1713.
VII. 1 713. 7- Robert (Stuart), Lord Blantyre"[S.], br. and h.,
Capt. of a Reg. of Foot, and Fort Major of Fort St.
Philip, Minorca, in 1 7 1 3. He w., i stly, (cont. 1 7 1 4) Helen, i st da. of John
(^) The frenchified form Stuart seems to have superseded the older spelling at
about this date. V.G.
<^) With this he purchased the estate of Lethington, near Haddington, changing
its name in her honour, to "Lennoxlove." The lady was 1st cousin to his father,
being da. and coh. of the Hon. Walter Stewart, M.D., yr. br. to William, the and
Lord Blantyre.
(■=) He is described by Macky as a little, active man, very low in stature, short
sighted, fair complexioned, towards 50 years old.
C) Bath Abbey Reg.
BLANTYRE 185
(Lyon), 4th Earl of Strath more [S.], by Elizabeth, da. ofPhilip (Stan hope),
2nd Earl of Chesterfield. She d. s.p.s. He m., 2ndly, Margaret, da.
of the Hon. William Hay, of Drummelzier, by Elizabeth, da. of Alexan-
der (Seton), 1st Viscount Kingston [S.]. He d. 17 Nov. 1743, at
Lennoxlove, and was bur. at Blantyre. His widow d. there 13 Dec. 1782,
in her 85th year.
VIII. 1743. 8. Walter (Stuart), Lord Blantyre [S.], s. and h.,
by 2nd wife, in 1747 a student at Utrecht. He d. unm.,
at Paris, 21 May, and was bur. 9 July 1751, at Blantyre, aged 24.('')
IX. 1 75 1. 9. William (Stuart), Lord Blantyre [S.], br. and h.
He was a Col. in the service of the States of Holland.
He d. unm., 16 Jan. 1776, at Erskine, co. Renfrew.
X. 1776. 10. Alexander (Stuart), Lord Blantyre [S.],br. and
h. He also resided at Erskine, taking great interest in
the management of his estate. He m., 23 July 1773, at Eaglescairnie,
CO. Haddington, Catharine, ist da. and coh. of Patrick Lindsay, of the
same, by Margaret, da. and h. of Thomas Hali burton, of Eaglescairnie
afsd. He d. 5 Nov. 1783, at Clifton, co. Gloucester. His widow d.
29 Dec. 1822, at Lennoxlove. Will pr. June 1824.
XI. 1783. II. Robert Walter (Stuart), Lord Blantyre [S.],
s. and h., b. 10 June 1777. Ed. at Eton. Ensign 3rd
Foot Guards, 1795; Capt. 31st Foot and 7th Dragoons; Lieut. Col., 42nd
Foot; Major Gen., 1819. He served in Holland, 1799; in Egypt, 1801;
in Pomerania and Zealand, 1807; and in the Peninsula, 1809, obtaining
a medal for Fuentes d'Onor. Rep. Peer [S.], 1806-07. C.B. 4 June
181 5. Lord Lieut, of co. Renfrew 1820-22. He m., 20 Feb. 18 13, in
Edinburgh, Fanny Mary, 2nd da. of the Hon. John Rodney (s. of the ist
and famous Lord Rodney), by his ist wife, Catharine, da. of Thomas
(Nugent), 6th Earl of Westmeath [I.]. He a. (being slain by a chance
shot in the insurrection at Brussels) 22 Sep. 1830, aged 53. Will pr. Jan.
1832. His widow, who was b. 17 Apr. 1791, d. 19 Nov. 1875, '" '^^'"
84th year, at Lennoxlove.
XII. 1830 12. Charles (Stuart), Lord Blantyre [S.], s. and h.,
to b. 21 Dec. 1 81 8, at Lennoxlove afsd., sometime an officer
1900. in the Grenadier Guards. Rep. Peer [S.] Mar. 18 50-92. C')
He m., 4 Oct. 1 843, at Trentham, co. Stafford, Evelyn, 2nd
da. of George Granville (Leveson-Gower), 2nd Duke of Sutherland, by
(f) Lady Jane Douglas writes of him in Feb. 1 747, "He has extreme good sense. . .
is free from all manner of vice, and has the sweetest disposition in the world." V.G.
(*>) He was nominally a Liberal, but generally voted with the Conservatives on im-
portant occasions. V.G,
25
i86 BLANTYRE
Harriet Elizabeth Georgiana, da. of George (Howard), 6th Earl of Car-
lisle. She, who was b. 8 Aug. 1825, d. 24 Nov. 1869, at Nice. He d.
s.p.m.s., 15 Dec. 1900, aged nearly 82, at Erskine House, when his Peerage
became extinct. Will pr. over ;^ 108,000 personalty. (")
[Walter Stuart, j/)7fi2' Master of Blantyre, only s. and h., b. 17 July
1 85 1, at Erskine House, co. Renfrew; sometime Capt. ist Sutherland
Rifles, d. unm. and v.p., 15 Mar. 1895.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 4,449 acres in co. Ren-
frew; 2,946 in CO. Dunbarton; 2,953 in co. Haddington; 2,878 in co. Ber-
wick, and 527 in co. Lanark. Total 24,061 acres, valued at about /,20,ooo
a year. Principal Residence. — Erskine House, co. Renfrew.
BLAQUIERE see DE BLAQUIERE
BLARNEY
i.e. " Blarney, co. Cork " Barony [I.] (Maccarty), see " Muskerry,"
Viscountcy [I.], cr. 1628; extinct 1770.
BLASONBERRIE
i.e. "Blasonberrie " Viscountcy [S.] {Hume), see " Marchmont,"
Earldom of [S.], cr. 1697.
BLAYNEYC)
BARONY [I.] I. Edward Blayney, 3rd s. of David Lloyd B., of
J .^ Gregynog, co. Montgomery, by Elizabeth, da. of Lewis
Jones, of Bishop's Castle, Salop, having served in Spain and
the Low Countries, accompanied, as a Col. in the Army, the Earl of Essex to
Ireland in 1598, and was made Gov. of Mount Norris in 1601; was at the
siege of Kingsale; knighted at Dublin Castle, 29 May 1603; Seneschal ofco.
Monaghan, 1604, being afterwards (by Charles I) made Lord Lieut, there-
of; M.P. for CO. Monaghan, 161 3-1 5. P.C. [L], and one of the Governing
Council for Munster, 161 5. By patents 21 Feb. 1607, and 8 June 161 1,
he had grants of considerable territory in co. Monaghan; finally, on 29 July
1 62 1, he was cr. LORD BLAYNEY, BARON OF MONAGHAN,(^)
CO. Monaghan [L]. He »z., before 13 June 1605, Anne, widow of
George Blount, of Kidderminster, and formerly of Capt. Henry Colley,
(=>) His 1st da., Mary, h. 15 Sep. 1845, d. unm. His 2nd da., Ellen, i. 31 Aug.
1846, m. Major Sir David Baird, Bart. His 3rd da., Evelyn, h. 24 June 1848, m.
W. H. Gladstone (//. 1891), 1st s. of the well-known statesman, and d. 26 June 1888.
By his will he left his landed estates to his grandson, William, yr. s. of Sir D. Baird. V.G.
(•>) For various corrections and additions to the account of this peerage the Editor
is indebted to D. G. Warrand. V.G.
(') The preamble to the patent is given in Lodge, vol. vi, p. 308.
BLAYNEY 187
of Castle Carbery, da. of Adam Loftus, Archbishop of Dublin and Chan-
cellor [I.], by Jane, da. of Adam Purdon, of Lurganrace, co. Louth. He
d. II, and was bur. 23 Feb. 1629/30, in Monaghan church. Fun. certif.
Will dat. 20 Oct. 1627, pr. 12 May 1630, at Dublin. Inq. p. m. His
widow was living 5 June 1630.
11. 1630. 2. Henry (Blayney), Lord Blaynev, ([ffc. [I.], s. and
h., knighted v.p. 27 Mar. i626.(^) He took his seat
14 July 1634. Being Capt. of the 97th Foot, with which he kept the fort of
Monaghan for the King, his house at Castle Blayney was plundered, 24 Oct.
i64i,by the rebels, and his wife and family imprisoned. He;«.,Jan. 1623,
Jane, da. of Garret (Moore), ist Viscount Drogheda [L], by Mary, sister
of Capt. Henry Colley abovenamed, and da. of Sir Henry Colley, of
Castle Carbery, co. Kildare. He d. 5 June 1646, being slain by the rebel
Irish at the Battle of Benburb, co. Tyrone, and was bur. at Monaghan.
His widow was a great sufferer during the civil wars. She, who was in
receipt of a pension of 20,;. a week from the Irish Govt., from Dec. 1660,
d. at her lodgings on the Merchants' Quay, Dublin, 22, and was bur. 26 Oct.
1686, at St. Michan's Church, Dublin. Will pr. 1687.
in. 1646. 3. Edward (Blayney), Lord Blayney, ^c. [I.], s.
and h., b. at Castle Blayney. Ent. Trin. Coll. Dublin
as Fellow Commoner, 26 Jan. 1 640/1. He took his seat 9 Sep. 1661.
He d. in London unm., and was bur. 9 Dec. 1669, at St. Martin's-in-the-
Fields. Will dat. 29 Nov. 1669, pr. i Apr. 1671.
IV. 1669. 4. Richard (Blayney), Lord Blayney, &fc. [I.], br.
and h., formerly (under the Cromwell administration)
Escheator of co. Tyrone and of Ulster. M.P. [U.K.] for Cavan, Fermanagh
and Monaghan 1656, and for co. Monaghan in the Irish Pari. 1661-66. He
m., istly, 21 Mar. 1653, at Camberwell (settl. dat. Peckham, Surrey, 9 Mar.
1653), Elizabeth, widow of ( — ) Willoughby, da. of John Malloch, of
Devonshire.C") She d. s.p., i Jan. 1668, and was bur. at Monaghan. He
OT., 2ndly, Elizabeth, ist da. of Thomas Vincent, of Camberwell, Surrey,
(^) In Oct. 1626 he had "run away from home to see the wars in the Low
Countries, and his father was anxiously enquiring after him." V.G.
C") The statements as to his marriages, their order, and the parentage of his 1st
wife, as in the text, are confused and contradictory. The text is based on the funeral
entry of the 4th Lord's mother, which is certified by the 5th Lord. The ist wife of
the text is elsewhere given as " EHzabeth, widow of Nicholas AVilioughby, and sister
of John Malloch of Clonealg co. Cavan." This Elizabeth and John were, according
to the authorities given below, children of John Malloch, of Axminster, Devon,
by Susanna {m. i Jan. 1625/6), da. of John Willoughby, of Payhembury, in that co.
See Vivian's Visit, of Devon, pp. 548 and 790, as also Trevelyan Papers (Camden Soc),
part iii, p. 283; though on p. 304 they are given as children of Richard Malloch,
of Axmouth, Devon, by Margaret (widow of John Willoughby), da. of ( — ) Steynings.
V.G.
i88 BLAYNEY
Merchant and Alderman of London, by Joanna, da. of Thomas Burges, of
Horby [PHorley], Surrey. He d. 3, and was bur. 7 Nov. 1670, at St.
Michan's, Dublin. His widow »/., probably in 1675, Hugh Montgomery
(afterwards Willoughby), of Carrow, co. Monaghan, and d. 3 Mar.
1702/3.
V. 1670. 5. Henry Vincent (Blayney), Lord Blayney, £s?c.
[I.], 2nd, but I St surv. s. and h. by 2nd wife. He was
accused before the Council, 22 Aug. 1681, of being concerned in a plot,
but discharged. Capt. of a company of Foot, and a zealous partisan of
William III. Was attainted hy the Pari. [I.] of James II, 7 May 1689, at
which he was present,('') and withdrew to England, where he died soon
afterwards. He m., about 1686 (post nuptial settl. 23 and 24 Nov. 1687),
Margaret, sister of John, ist Lord Moore of Tullamore [I.], ist da. of
Thomas Moore, of Croghan, by Ellen, da. of Dudley Colley, of Castle
Carbery, afsd. He d. s.p.m., Aug. 1689, and was bur. at Monaghan.('')
His widow m., i Oct. 1691, Charles Dering, Auditor of the Exchequer,
who d. July 1 7 19. She d. 10 Dec. 1724, and was ^«r. with her last husband
at St. Anne's, Westm. Will pr. 1726.
VI. 1689. 6. William (Blayney), Lord Blayney, ^c. [I.], yst.
and only surv. br. (of the whole blood) and h. male. He,
too, was attainted in 1689 as a resident in England, but being restored, was
made Gov. of Monaghan, and took his seat [I.] 5 Oct. 1692. He»?., in 1686,
Mary, widow of Arthur Dillon, of Lismullen, co. Meath, da. of William
(Caulfeild), 1st Viscount Charlemont [I.], by Sarah, da. of Charles
(Moore), Viscount Drogheda. He d. in Dublin, 3, and was bur. 5 Jan.
1705/6, in the Chapel of Castle Blayney. Will pr. 1706. His widow d.
8 Aug. 1724, in Dublin, and was bur. at Castle Blayney. Will pr. 1724.
VII. 1706. 7. Cadwallader (Blayney), Lord Blayney, tfc. [I.],
2nd, but 1st surv. s. and h., bap. 21 Apr. 1693, at St.
Peter's, Dublin; took his seat [I.] 25 Nov. 1713. Lord Lieut, of co.
Monaghan and Gov. of Sligo. In 1723 he obtained a pension, as also an
act to enable him to sell lands, to pay debts, fe'c. In politics he was a
Tory. He m., istly, 22 Apr. 17 14, at Dublin Castle, Mary, da. of the
Hon. John Touchet (s. of Mervyn, 4th Earl of Castlehaven [I-]), by
Elizabeth, da. of Thomas (Savile), Earl of Sussex. She d. Sep. I72i,and
was bur. at Castle Blayney. He m., 2ndly, Sep. 1724, Mary, da. and h. of
Sir Alexander Cairnes, Bart., of Monaghan, by Elizabeth, sister of Sir
Nathaniel Gould, and da. of John Gould, of London, Merchant, but by her
(f) For a list of tlie peers present in, and absent from, this Pari., see vol. iii, Ap-
pendix D.
C") Of his 2 daughters and coheirs, (l) Elizabeth d. unm. 1692 ; (2) Eleanor m.,
before 1722, when both were living, Nicholas Mahon.
BLAYNEY i8g
had no issue. He d. 19 Mar. 1732/3, in Dublin, and was bur. at Castle
Blayney, aged about 40. Will pr. 1734. His widow w., 1734, Col. John
Murray, M.P. forco. Monaghan, who 1^. 29 June I743.(^) She i/. 28 Aug.
1790. Will pr. 1790.
VIII. 1733. 8. Charles Talbot C") (Blayney), Lord Blayney, yc.
[I.], s. and h. by ist wife, b. 27 Jan. 17 14, ed. at St. John's
Coll., Cambridge. Took his seat [I.] 17 Feb. 1735. Gov. of co. Monaghan.
Entering Holy Orders 24 Aug. 1738, he became Rector of Mucknoe in
the diocese of Clogher, 1739; Rector of Conubar and Combarin the diocese
of Derry, 1740; Preb. of Derry Q 1740; and Dean of Killaloe, 1750 till
his death. He w., Nov. 1734, his 2nd cousin, Elizabeth, da. of Nicholas
Mahon, Barrister-at-law, by Elinor, only surv. da. and h. of Henry Vincent
(Blayney), 5th Lord Blayney [I.] abovenamed. She d. 15 Apr. 1756,
at Castle Blayney. He d. s.p.s., 29 Sep. 1761, aged 47. W^ill pr. 1764.
IX. 1761. 9. Cadwallader (Blayney), Lord Blayney, <yc. [I.],
br. of the whole blood and h., b. 2 May 1720. He dis-
tinguished himself at the taking of Cape Breton. Col. of the 91st Foot
1760-63; Major Gen. in the Army 1765; Col. of the 38th Foot 1766-75;
Lieut. Gen. 1772. Custos Rot. of co. Monaghan 1761-75. Took his
seat [I.] 10 Dec. 1761. Grand Master of Freemasons [E.] 1764-67, and
[I.] 1768. He m.,22 Oct. 1767, Elizabeth, (a fortune of ;^20,ooo) ist da.
of Thomas Tipping, of Beaulieu, co. Louth, by Sophia, da. and h. of Wil-
liam Aston, of Beaulieu afsd. She d. 17 May 1775. He d. 13 Nov.
1775, and was bur. at Castle Blayney, aged ^^. Admon. 13 Sep. 1777 to a
creditor.
X. 1775. '°- Cadwallader Davis (Blayney), Lord Blayney,
&c. [I.], s. and h., b. 1769. He d. unm., 2 Apr. 1784,
aged about 1 5, and was bur. at Castle Blayney.
XI. 1784. II. Andrew Thomas (Blayney), Lord Blayney, £5?c.
[I.], br. and h., b. 30 Nov. 1770, at Blayney Castle, en-
tered the Army in 1789. In 1794 he became Major of the 89th Foot,
having raised part of that Reg., with which he shared the dangers of the
retreat through Holland in the winter of that year. Lieut. Col. thereof in
I798.('^) After serving in Malta, Minorca, Egypt, the Cape of Good
(^) Mrs. Delany writes of her in March 1750/1, "She is very agreeable, not quite
unaflFected, but sensible, and has seen a good deal of the world." V.G.
(*>) The Countess of Castlehaven [I.], mother of his maternal grandfather (John
Touchetj, was Lady Mary Talbot, da. of John, loth Earl of Shrewsbury, and aunt of
Charles, the well-known Duke of Shrewsbury, Lord Lieut, of Ireland, 1713-1714.
(*=) Not Armagh, as in Lodge. V.G.
('') Owing to his energy in hunting down the Irish rebels, the 89th were known
as "Blayney's bloodhounds." V.G.
190 BLAYNEY
Hope, and at the capitulation of Buenos Ayres, he was sent to Cadiz in
July 1 8 10 as Major Gen. In making a descent on Malaga with a
mixed force of Spaniards, Poles, Germans, i^c., he was taken prisoner,(^)
and not released till 18 14. He was M.P. for Old Sarum, 1806-07. In
1 8 14 he was made Lieut. Gen., but saw no further service. He w.,
5 July 1796, at Caledon House, Dublin, Mabella, ist da. of James (Alex-
ander), 1st Earl of Caledon [I.], by Anne, da. of James Crawfurd. He
d. 8 Apr. 1834, suddenly, at Bilton's Hotel, Sackville Str., Dublin, and was
bur. at Castle Blayney, aged (y-;)^. Will pr. in London May 1835. His widow,
who was b. 7 Aug. 1775, d. 4 Mar. 1854, at Kingstown, near Dublin,
aged 78.
XII. 1834 12. Cadwallader Davis (Blayney), Lord Blayney,
to Baron of Monaghan [I.], only s. and h., /^. 19 Dec.
1874. 1802, in Dover Str., St. Geo., Han. Sq.; M.P. (Conser-
vative) for CO. Monaghan 1830-34. Rep. Peer [I.] 1841
to 1874. He d. unm., 18 Jan. 1874, at St. James's Hotel, Piccadilly, and
was bur. at Kensal Green, aged 71, when his Peerage in all probability h^-
came extinct. Will pr. 3 Feb. 1874, under ;/^2 5,000.
Family Estates. — In 1853 the Castle Blayney estate was purchased by
Henry Thomas Hope, of Deepdene, Surrey, from the last Lord, whose
representatives, however, in 1883 still possessed 2,074 acres in Tipperary,
Antrim and Midx., worth ;£2,322 a year.
BLESINGTON or BLESSINGTON
VISCOUNTCY [I.] I. MuRRouGH Boyle, s. and h. ap. of Michael
, , B., Archbishop of Armagh (cousin-german of Richard,
'■^' 1st Earl of Cork. [I.]), by his 2nd wife, Mary, da.
of Dermod (O'Brien), 5th Lord Inchiquin [I.], was
b. 1648, in Cork; matric. at Trin. Coll. Dublin, as a Fellow Commoner,
18 Aug. 1662; M.P. for Kilmallock, 1665-66. He was cr., 23 Aug. 1673,
BARON BOYLE and VISCOUNT BLESINGTON, co. Wicklow [I.],
with a spec. rem. to the heirs male of the body of his father. App. P.C. [I.]
June 1675. Governor of Limerick, and Constable of Limerick Castle
1679-92. LL.D. 1682. He was not present in James II's Irish Pari, in
May 1689. C") Lord Justice [I.] 1696. (^) A Commissioner of the Great
Seal [I.] 21 Dec. 1697. He sue. his father (who d. in his 93rd year) 10 Dec.
1702. He m., istly, Mary, da. of John Parker, Archbishop of Dublin, by
Mary, da. and h. of Thomas Clarke, of Fermoyle, co. Longford. She d.
(*) His Narrative of a forced journey through Spain and France as a Prisoner of War in
the years 1810 to 1814, is a work of considerable merit, as illustrating the then manner
of life in Spain.
(^) For a list of peers present in, and absent from, this Pari., see vol. iii, Appendix D.
('^) He only held this office for a fortnight, and was never sworn, having been elected
by a faction in the Council during the illness of the Lord Deputy Capel. V.G.
BLESINGTON 191
s.p.m., 13, and was ^«r. 15 Sep. 1668, in St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. He
m., 2ndly, Nov. 1672, Anne, da. of Charles (Coote), 2nd Earl of Mount-
rath [I.], by Alice, da. of Sir Robert Meredyth. He d. at Island Bridge,
Dublin, 26, and was bur. 29 Apr. 171 8, at St. Patrick's afsd., aged 69. (^)
Will dat. 20 Feb. 1 7 1 1, pr. [I.] 1 7 1 8. His widow d. 6, and was bur. 1 1 Apr.
1725, at St. Patrick's afsd., aged 67. Will dat. 17 Mar. 1723, pr. 1725.
II. 1 71 8 2. Charles (Boyle), Viscount Blesingtont and Baron
to Boyle [I.], s. and h. by 2nd wife. M.P. for Blesington,
1732. 1711-18. He m., istly. Rose, da. and coh. of (his ma-
ternal uncle) the Hon. Charles Coote, by Penelope, da.
of Arthur Hill, of Hillsborough, co. Down. She d. s.p. He /w., 2ndly,
II July 1709, Martha, da. of Samuel Matthews, of Bonetstown, co. Kil-
kenny, by Anne, da. of Joseph Cuffe, of Castle Inch, in that co. He d.
s.p.s.i^) at Paris, 2 June 1732, and was bur. i-j May 1733, at St. Patrick's
afsd., when his Peerage became extinct.^) Will dat. i June 1729, pr. [I.]
14 June 1732. His widow d. 15 June 1767, aged 84, and was bur. at
Drumcondra, near Dublin. Will dat. 4 May 1762, pr. [I.] 1767.
EARLDOM [I.] I. William (Stewart), Viscount Mountjoy and
X Baron Stewart of Ramelton [I.], as also 5th Baronet
^■^^ [I. 1623], only surv. s. and h. of William, Viscount
^ Mountjoy [I.], by Anne, da. of Murrough (Boyle), ist
' "■ Viscount Blesington [I.], sister and eventually sole h.
of the 2nd and last Viscount abovenamed, was b. 7 Apr. 1709. He sue.
his father as Viscount Mountjoy, iffc, 10 Jan. 1727/8. Grand Master
of Freemasons [I.] 1738-40, and of Atholl Grand Lodge 1756-60. Having
inherited the estates of his maternal ancestors, he was cr. EARL OF
BLESINGTON, co. Wicklow [I.], on 7 Dec. 1745. Sworn P.C. [I.]
26 Aug. i"'48. Gov. of CO. Tyrone. He ;«., 10 Jan. 1733/4, Eleanor, da.
and h. of Robert FitzGerald, of Castle Dod, co. Cork, Prime Serjeant at
Law, by Eleanor, da. of John Kelly, of Kellymount, co. Kilkenny. He
d. in Charles Str., Berkeley Sq., Midx., 14, and was bur. 31 Aug. 1769,
at Silchester, Hants, aged 60, when all his Peerage dignities became extinct;
the Baronetcy [I.], cr. 10 Apr. 1623, devolving on a distant cousin and h.
(*) In the article on his father, the Archbishop, in Diet. Nat. Biog. (new edit.) vol.
ii, p. 1021, precise and perfectly different dates are given for the death of the ist and
2nd Viscounts from those in the text, and a 3rd Viscount, whose name is not given,
is represented as having existed. After consulting Irish authorities the Editor is quite
satisfied of the correctness of the text. V.G.
(*>) Murrough Boyle, his only child, was hap. iS and bur. 20 Dec. 1710, in St.
Patrick's Cathedral afsd., aged 5 months.
(^) His grandfather had d. without leaving any other issue surv. than the 1st
Viscount, so that the spec. rem. did not take effect.
y
192 BLESINGTON
male, Sir Annesley Stewart, 6th Bart. [I. 1623]. His widow d. i Oct.
1774, in Berkeley Sq., Midx., and was bur. at Silchester, aged 62. Will
pr. II Oct. 1774, signed E. BIesinton.(*)
[William Stewart, ist. s. and h. ap., j/j/e^ Viscount Mountjoy, b.
14 Mar. 1734/5, d. unm. and v.p., at Paris, of the small pox, 2, and was
bur. 29 Feb. 1754, at Silchester afsd., aged nearly 19.]
II. 1 8 16 I. Charles John Gardiner, 2nd, but only surv. s.
to and h. of Luke, Viscount Mountjoy [I. 1795], by his ist
1829. wife, Elizabeth, ist da. of Sir William Montgomery, Bart.
[S.], was b. 19 July 1782, and ed. at Eton. He sue. his
father as Viscount Mountjoy, fe'c, 5 June I798;C') was Gov. of co. Tyrone;
Rep. Peer [1.], 1809-29 (Whig). On 12 Jan. 18 16, he was <:r. EARL OF
BLESINGTON.f) He m., istly, 11 July 18 12, at St. Geo., Han. Sq.,
Mary Campbell, widow of Major William Browne, and da. of Alexander
McDougall, surgeon, by ( — ), da. of ( — ) Farquharson. She, who was
b. 1786, d'.('^) at St. Germain, France, 19 Sep., and was bur. in Oct. 1814,
at Mountjoy. He m., 2ndly, 16 Feb. 1818, at St. Mary's, Bryanston Sq.,
Marylebone, Margaret, widow of Maurice St. Leger Farmer, Capt. 47th
Regt. (to whom she was m. 7 Mar. 1804 in her 15th year, and who d.^ fall-
ing out of a window when drunk, 2 1 Oct. 1 8 1 7, in the King's Bench prison),
2nd da. of Edmund Power, of Curragheen and Clonea, co. Waterford, by
Ellen, da. of Edmund Sheehy, CO. Tipperary.C") Hed. s.p.m., 25 May 1829,
from apoplexy, at the Hotel Marechal-Ney, Paris, aged 46, when all his Peer-
(*) Her husband had also adopted this spelling.
C") "The present young nobleman possesses no great vigour of mind, or strength of
genius; his language, when he speaks, is plain and simple, and his manner cold and in-
sipid. He is the devoted servant of administration." [Sketches of Irish Political Charac-
ter, 1799). V.G.
(f) His grandfather, the Rt. Hon. Charles Gardiner, on the death, in 1769, of
William (Stewart), 3rd Viscount Mountjoy and 1st Earl of Blesington [I.], inherited
the estates of the Stewart family in right of his mother, Anne, only child of the
Hon. Alexander Stewart, and s. of William, Ist Viscount Mountjoy [I.]. This, how-
ever, did not involve any descent from any previous Peer of the name of Blesington, the
only connexion of the Stewart family therewith having been through the ivife of
William (Stewart), 2nd Viscount Mountjoy [I.].
{^) Harriet Anne Frances, the only surv. child of this marriage, Zi. 5 Aug. 1812, w.,
istly, at Naples(at theageof 15), I Dec. 1827, Alfred, Count D'Orsay,from whom, but
a few months afterwards, she was separated. He, so well known as an amateur artist and
man of fashion, cI. 4 Aug. 1852, in Paris, aged 54, and was bur. at Chambourcy, with his
wife's stepmother. She m., andly, on I Sep. following, the Hon. Charles Spencer
Cowper, and d. 17 Dec. 1869, s.p.s.
('^) The Blessingtons were intimate acquaintances at Genoa, in 1823, of Lord
Byron, who wrote one of the last of his minor poems for the Countess.
BLESINGTON 193
age dignities became ^a://«67.('') Will pr. May 1830. His widow, who was
b. at Knockbrit, near Clonmel, co. Tipperary, i Sep. 1789, d. s.p., 4 June
1849, from apoplexy, in the Rue du Circle, Champs Elys6es, Paris, whither
she had retired the 14 Apr. previous, to avoid arrest for debt-C*) She was
bur. at Chambourcy, near St. Germain-en-Laye. Admon. Aug. 1849 and
Dec. 1850.
[Luke Wellington Gardiner, j/j/^^ Viscount Mountjoy, only s. and
h. ap. by ist wife, b. 11 Sep. 1813, d. unm., 26 Mar. 1823, in Dublin.]
BLETCHLEY, intended Barony of, altered to that of " Whaddon,"
;,£., "Baron of Whaddon and Viscount Villiers," cr. 27 Aug. 16 16.
See full account under "Buckingham," Earldom of, cr. 161 7; extinct
1687.
BLETSHO or BLETSOE
See "Beauchamp" [of Bletsoe], Barony by writ, cr. 1363.
See "St. John of Bletsho," Barony, cr. 1559.
BLICKLING
i.e. "Hobart of Blickling, Norfolk," Barony (Hobart), cr. 28 May
1728. See "Buckinghamshire," Earldom of, a. 1746.
BLOOMFIELD
BARONY [I.] I. Benjamin Bloomfield, only s. and h. of John B.,
T J^ of Newport, CO. Tipperary, by Anne, sister of Sir Robert
^' Waller, Bart. [I.], and da. of Samuel Waller, Barrister
at Law, b. 13 Apr. 1762; ed. at Woolwich; 2nd Lieut. R.A., 1781; served
in Newfoundland, at Gibraltar, and at Vinegar Hill during the Irish rebel-
(^) The extinction was one of those used according to the Act of Union for the
creation of the Barony of Talbot [I.], 28 May 1 83 1.
(^) She was well known as an authoress, a wit, a beauty, and a leader of fashion, both
at her husband's house, 1 1 St. James's Sq., 1818-22, at her own house in Seamore Place
(1831-35), and at Gore House, Kensington (1836-49). Among her more successful
works are The Idler in Italy, 3 vols., 1 8 39-40 ; The Idler in France, 1 84 1; Confessions
of an Elderly Gentleman, 1 836, fafc. She edited an annual called The Keepsake, and is
said to have earned an income of between ^^ 2,000 and ^3,000 a year for nearly twenty
years, but this and her jointure of j^2,000 a year, were not equal to her expenditure. The
auction of her eflFects at Gore House, i o May 1 849, less than a month before her death,
realised some ^T 1 2,000 toward the paymentof her debts. As to her portrait, see N. i^Q.,
yth Ser., vol. vii, p. 47.
26
194 BLOOMFIELD
lion in 1798. Probably owing to his social and musical attainments, he
was made by the Prince of Wales a Gent, in Waiting in 1808, and
Clerk Marshal and Chief Equerry 1 812-17; A.D.C. to the King 1811-14.
M.P. (Tory) for Plymouth 18 12-17; Major Gen. 18 14; Lieut. Gen. 1830,
and Col. Com. of the Roy. Regt. of Artillery 1823 till his death; K.C.H.
1 8 15; knighted 11 Dec. 181 5; Auditor and Sec. of the Duchy of Corn-
wall, 1 8 16-17; P-C- 15 July 1 8 17. Keeper of the Privy Purse and
Private Secretary, 1817-22. Envoy to the Court of Sweden, 1822-32,
where he joined the sect of the Wesleyans. G.C.H., 18 19; G.C.B. (civil)
I Apr. 1822. On 14 May 1825 he was cr. BARON BLOOMFIELD OF
OAKHAMPTON AND REDWOOD,(=') co. Tipperary [I.]. He was
subsequently in command of the garrison at Woolwich. He w., 7 Sep. 1 797,
Harriott, ist da. of John Douglas, of Grantham, co. Lincoln. He d. in
Portman Sq., Midx., 1 5, and was bur. 11 Aug. 1 846, at Loughton, co. Tip-
perary, aged 84. Will pr. Sep. 1846. His widow d. 12 Sep. 1868, at 45
Rutland Gate, aged 92.
II. 1846, 2. John Arthur Douglas (Bloomfield), Baron
RARONY TTT K 1 Bloomfield of Oakhampton and Redwood [I.], only
I- ■ ■■' s. and h., b. 12 Nov. 1802. Early entered the
1. 1 87 1 diplomatic service, being attache to the embassy at
to Venice 18 18; at Lisbon 1824; Sec. of legation at
1879. Stuttgart 1825-26; at Stockholm 1826-39; Sec. of Em-
bassy at St. Petersburg 1839-44; C.B. (civil) 27 Apr.
1 848 ; Envoy to St. Petersburg 1 844-5 ^ '■> *o Berlin 1 85 1-60; K.C.B. (civil)
6 Mar. 1851; G.C.B. 3 Sep. 1858; P.C. 17 Dec. i860; Ambassador to
Vienna, i860 to 1871, when, on his retirement, he was, 7 Aug. 1871, cr.
BARON BLOOMFIELD OFCIAMHALTHA[U.K.],co.Tipperary.('')
He m., 4 Sep. 1845, ^^ Lamesley Chapel, co. Durham, Georgiana, da. (i6th
and yst. child) of Thomas Henry (Liddell), ist Lord Ravensworth, by
Maria Susannah, da. of John Simpson. He d. 1 7 Aug. 1 879, at Ciamhaltha,
aged 76, when both his Peerages became extinct. His widow, who was
b. 13 Apr. 1822, at 51 Portland Place, Marylebone, and was one of the
maids of Honour, 1841-45, d. at Bramfield House, Hertford, 21, and
was bur. 26 May 1905, at Loughton afsd., aged 83. W^ill pr. above
(*) The three extinctions made use of on this occasion, according to the Act of Union
[I.], were the Earldom of Roscommon (D;7/o«); the Viscountcy of Bulkeley {Bulkeley);
and the Barony of Glenbervie {Douglas). Of these the Earldom of Roscommon was
proved in 1828 to be in existence. Accordingly, at the creation, in 1831, of the
Viscountcy of Guillamore,yc«r extinctions, in lieu of three, were required.
C") He took no active part in politics and is not classified in Dod, but is given in
Who's IVho among the Liberal peers. V.G.
('^) Wtr Reminiscences of Court and Diplomatic /,//£• were pub. in 1883. Shealso wrote
a Memoir of the ist Lord Bloomfield, and was an accomplished pianist and water colour
artist.
BLOUNT 195
BLOUNT
BARONY BY i. Thomas le Blount, 2iid s., but eventually
WRIT. h. of Sir Ralph le Blount, of Belton, Rutland, (living
. ^. Dec. 1298) by Cicely (or Alice) da. and coh. of Sir
■^*' ' John LovETT, of Hampton Lovett, co. Worcester, was
one of the Knights who fought under Edward I, and was
Governor of Drosselan [i.e. Drysslwyn) Castle in the vale of Towy, co.
Carmarthen, 131 1. He was Steward of the Household, 1326, and was sum.
to Pari, from 3 Dec. (1326) 20 Edw. II to 15 June (1328) 2 Edw. III,(')
by writs directed Thome le Blount^ whereby he may be held to have be-
come LORD BLOUNT.C) He m., istly, ( — ). He w., 2ndly, before
23 Sep. 1325, Julian, widow of John Hastings, [Lord] Hastings (who d.
6 Jan. 1324/5), da. and h. of Thomas de Leyburne, by Alice, da. of Ralph
DE Tony, of Flamstead, Herts. He d. between 12 June and 7 Sep. 1328.
Before 17 Oct. 1328, his widow m. Sir William Clinton, who in 1337 was
cr. Earl of Huntingdon, and who d. s.t. 1354. She, who from her great
possessions was called "The Infanta of Kent," d. s.p. i Nov. 1367. Will
dat. 30 Oct. 1367, directing her burial to be at St. Augustine's, Canterbury.
2. William le BlounTjC^) s. and h. by ist wife, was living 1366, but
neither he nor any of his descendants were ever sum. to Pari.
3. Sir John le Blount, of Belton afsd., s. and h., is said to have
been Constable of the Tower of London to Edward III. Hew., istly( — ).
He m., 2ndly, in or before 1366, Elizabeth, da. and h. of Sir Simon
DE Furneaux, of Kilve, Somerset, by Alice, da. of Sir Henry Umfraville.
She survived him and was living 1385.
4. Sir Thomas le Blount, of Belton, s. and h. by ist wife. He
was Deputy Naperer for the Earl of Pembroke at the coronation of
Richard II in 1377, and engaging in a conspiracy to restore that King,
•<fizs, attainted znd'pxxt to death, with unwonted barbarity, in the Green Ditch
at Oxford, Jan. 1399/1400, when any Peerage honours vested in him
became forfeited.
(^) The entry of this last writ is partially cancelled, which points to his having died
about then. V.G. It is conjectured in Banks's Baron/a Aug/. Concentrata, vol. i,
p. 1 26, that Thomas le Blount and William le Blount were both sum. jure uxoris,
"for," adds Banks, "at that period, though the writs were personal, without any
reference to a particular Barony, yet they were chiefly founded on the possession of
some Baronial estate, which ceasing to remain in the inheritance of their descendants,
such descendants were no longer reputed Barons, nor had further summons directed
to them."
C") As to how far these early writs of summons did in fact create any Peerage title,
see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
('^) There has been general and not unnatural confusion between this man and his
namesake who was summoned in 1330. V.G.
196
BLOUNT
BLOUNTC)
BARONY BY i. Sir William le Blount, of Sodington, co. Wor-
WRIT. cester, s. of Sir Walter le Blount, of Rock, in that co.,
T by his 2nd wife, Joan (to whom he was h.), sister and coh.
•^■^ of William Sodington, and da. of Ralph S., both of
Sodington, afsd.C') He was sum. cum equis el armis 5 Apr.
■^■^'' (1327) I Edw. Ill to 27 Mar. (1335) 9 Edw. Ill, to Pari,
from 25 Jan. (1329/30) 4 Edw. Ill to 14 Jan. (1336/7)
10 Edw. Ill, and to Councils from 24 Aug. (1336) 10 Edw. Ill to 18 Aug.
(^337) II Edw. Ill, by writs directed Willelmo le Blount {Blount or le
Blunt), by which summonses to Pari, he may be held to have become
LORD BLOUNT.C^) He m., before 20 Feb. 1326/7, Margery, 3rd da.
and coh. of Sir Theobald de Verdon, of Alton, co. Stafford [Lord Verdon],
by his 1st wife, Maud, da. of Sir Edmund de Mortimer, of Wigmore, co.
Hereford. He and his wife had livery of her lands, 30 Oct. 1328 and
26 Mar. I332.('') He d. s.p. shortly before 3 Oct. 1337,(0 when any
Barony, that may be supposed to have been cr. by the writ of 1330,
became extinct. His widow, who was b. 10 Aug. 13 10, at Alton, afsd.,
and bap. there the same day,(') inherited Weobley Castle, co. Hereford,
&'c., of which she (again) had livery, 15 Dec. I337.(^) She m., before
18 Oct. i339,('') Sir Mark Husee. They had livery of her lands, i Mar.
1343/4.(8) He d. before 21 July 1349. (') She w., 3rdly, before 10 Sep.
1355, C") as 1st wife,(^) Sir John Crophull, of Bonnington, co. Notts. He
d. 3 July 1383.(0
(^) This article has been kindly contributed by G. W. Watson.
C*) Coll. Top. et Gen., vol. i, p. 146; Nash, IForcatershire, vol. ii, p. 163, c; cf. Close
Roll, 33 Edw. I, m. 10, among the subtenants of Mortimer of Wigmore.
("=) As to how far these early writs of summons did in fact cr. any Peerage title, see
Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
(d) Close Rolls, 2 Edw. Ill, w. 1 1 ; 6 Edw. Ill, m. 30.
C") " Willelmus le Blount." Writ of diem cl. ext. 3 Oct. 1 1 Edw. III. Inq., cos.
Hereford, Stafford, 16 Oct., 20 Nov. 1337. " Johannes le Blount frater predict! Wil-
lelmi est heres ejus propinquior et etatis xxx annorum." (Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. Ill,
flic 50, no. 26).
(') " Margeria una filiarum et heredum Theobald! de Verdon quam Willelmus le
Blount duxit in uxorem." Writ de etate probanda 20 ¥e.h. I Edw. ill. (Ch. Inq. p. m.,
Edw. Ill, file 8, no. 3).
(8) Close Rolls, II Edw. Ill, pars 2, ni. 8; 18 Edw. Ill, pars I, mm. 27d, 26.
C') Patent Rolls, 13 Edw. Ill, pars 2, m. 19; 29 Edw. Ill, pars 2, m. 6.
(■) See " Husee."
(^) "Johannes de Crophull chivaler." Writs oi diem cl.ext. 16 July 7 Ric. II.
Inq., cos. Hereford, Leicester, Notts, Lincoln, i, 5, 12, 13 Aug., 8 Sep. 1383.
" Et dicunt quod obiit die veneris proxima post festum Apostolorum Petri et
Pauli [aliter tertio die Julii] ultimo preteritum." (Ch. Inq. p. m., Ric. II, file 31,
no. 23).
BLUNDELL 197
BLUNDELL
VISCOUNTCY [I.] I. Montague Blundell, s. and h. of Sir Francis
Blundell, (will pr. 1707) 3rd Bart. [1.], of Blundell
Manor, King's County, by Anne, his 2nd wife, da.
. ^ Blundell, (will pr. 1707) 3rd Bart. [1.], of Blundell
'" Manor, King's County, by Anne, his 2nd wife, da.
^ of Sir Henry Ingoldsby, Bart., was l>ap. 19 June
'^ * 1689, at St. Margaret's, Westin., and sue. his father
abt. 1707. He was M.P. (Whig) for Haslemere
1715-22. On 22 Nov. 1720, he was a: BARON BLUNDELL OF
EDENDERRY, King's County, and VISCOUNT BLUNDELL [I.],
the privy seal bearing date 27 June previous, at Herrenhausen in Hanover.
He m., Sep. 1 709, Mary, da. of John Chetwynd, of Grendon, co. Warwick.
He d. s.p.m.5.,{') 19 Aug. 1756, when both his Peerage and Baronetcy be-
came extinct. Will pr. Sep. 1756. His widow d. 9 Dec. in the same year.
Admon. as of St, Geo., Han. Sq., 31 Dec. 1756.
BLYTH
/.(?. "Wensleydale OF Blagdon AND Blyth," both in Northumberland, C*)
Barony {Ridley), cr. 1900 with the Viscountcy of Ridley, which see.
BLYTHSWOOD
BARONY. I. Archibald Campbell Campbell {formerly Doug-
T n ^ las), 1st s. and h. of Archibald Campbell, formerly
^*" Douglas, of Mains, co. Dunbarton, by Caroline Agnes,
da. of Mungo Dick, of Pitkerrow, co. Fife, which Archi-
bald, on inheriting in 1838 the estate of Blythswood (on the death of his
cousin, Archibald Campbell), assumed the name of Campbell, (which, in-
deed, was the original patronymic of his family) in lieu of Douglas, and d.
II July 1868, aged 59. He was b. 22 Feb. 1835, at Florence, and (when
aged but 3) obtained, in 1838, (with his father) the name of Campbell in
lieu of Douglas; was sometime Lieut. Col., Scots Fusilier Guards; served
in the Crimean campaign, where he was severely wounded; A.D.C. to
Queen Victoria; was M.P. for co. Renfrew 1873-74, and for the West
div. thereof 1885-92; Grand Master of Freemasons [S.] 1885-92; LL.D.
Glasgow 1888; was cr. a Baronet, 4 May 1880 (with the ordinary limita-
tion). He was cr., 24 Aug. 1892, BARON BLYTHSWOOD, co. Ren-
(') Mary, his da. and coh., m., 4 June 1733, William Trumbull, of Easthampstead
Park, Berks, and their da. and h., Mary, m., in 1760, the Hon. Martin Sandys,
whose only da. and h., another Mary, was, in 1802, cr. Baroness Sandys, (with a spec,
rem.) having m., in 1786, Arthur (Hill), 2nd Marquess of Downshire [I.], by whom
she left issue, which issue brought the estates of the families of Blundell and of Trum-
bull to that of Hill.
(•>) See anti, page 181, note '• b."
198 BLYTHSWOOD
frew,(^) with a spec. rem. failing heirs male of his body to five [!] of his
yr. brothers in like manner (such number comprising the whole of them),
the three younger being placed before the 2nd of the 5 brothers. ('') Pres.
of the Highland and Agric. Soc. [S.] 1896-97; Lord Lieut, of co. Renfrew
1904 till his death. He ;«., 7 July 1864, in Whitehall Chapel, Augusta
Clementina, 3rd da. of Robert John (Carrington, /or;«^r/>' Smith), 2nd
Baron Carrington of Upton, being ist da. by his 2nd wife, Charlotte
Augusta Annabella, da. of Peter Robert (Drummond-Burrell, formerly
Burrell), Lord Willoughby de Eresby. He d. s.p., at Blythswood House,
8, and was bur. 11 July 1908, at Inchinnan, near Glasgow, aged 73.
Personalty about £,c)\fioo, exclusive of large settled estates.('') His
widow, who was b. 10 June 1841, living 191 1. He was sue, under the
spec, rem., by his next br., who is outside the scope of this work.
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 14,032 acres in co. Argyll,
and 1,854 in co. Renfrew. Total, 15,886 acres, worth C^ASS ^ y^^""?
exclusive of ;^i,9o6 for minerals. Principal Seat. — Blythswood House, co.
Renfrew.
BOCONNOC
i.e. " BocoNNOc, Cornwall," Barony (Pitt), see " Camelford," Barony,
cr. 1784; extinct 1804.
BODIAM CASTLE
See " AsHcoMBE of Dorking, Surrey, and of Bodiam Castle, Sussex,"
Barony (Cubitt), cr. 1892.
BODMIN
i.e. " Bodmin, Cornwall," Viscountcy (Robartes), see " Radnor,"
Earldom of, cr. 1679; extinct lysi-
(^) This was one of eight Baronies conferred on the recommendation of Lord
Salisbury when leaving office. Seebstof them jkZi "Llangattock." No less than twoof
these (this one and Amherst of Hackney) had special remainders, in this case the exten-
sion being "a very large order," and one almost unprecedented. Compare this case of
five gentlemen at once being thus specially honoured for the merits (however great)
of a surviving elder brother, with the limited number of persons which are usually
included in such marks of favour, one, which, until a very recent period, was never
granted save in cases of transcendent merit. For a list of, and remarks on special
remainders granted to Commoners, see vol. iii, Appendix F.
(^) i.e. Robert Douglas Campbell, who d. I June 1896, leaving male issue, and
who was (it is said) passed over "for some misconduct."
.('^) An active Conservative and Tariff Reformer, much interested in science, ex-
perimenting largely in electricity and physics generally. He received the freedom of
the City of Glasgow not long before his death. Douglas-Support, co. Lanark, the
fine mansion of his successor, the Rev. Sholto Douglas Campbell, was destroyed by
fire in June 1908. V.G.
BODRIGAN 199
BODRIGAN
Henry Bodrigan was sum. to Pari. 26 Oct. (1309) 3 Edw. II,
by writ directed Henrico de Bodrigan^ but had been dead 9 months
when the writ issued. ('') It seems clear that the man so sum. was the
powerful feudal Baron of that name, of Bodrigan, Cornwall, s. and h.
of Sir Henry B., who was living 128-3. He «z., before 26 Oct. 1288,
Sibyl, widow of Piers le Power, sister and h. of Walter de Mandeville.
She, who was then aged over 24, was living 18 July 1304, but d. in or
before 1 308. He had livery of her lands and of those of his uncle, William
B., in 1308. C') He <:/. in Jan. 1308/9. Writfor/«y./).w. 23 Jan. 2 Edw. II.
None of his descendants were sum. to Pari.
Sir Otes Bodrigan, s. and h., b. 6 Jan. 1289/90, at Bodrigan, and
bap. there next day; joined in the rising against the Despensers in 132 1/2,
but was pardoned. He m. Margaret. He d. aged 41, in 1331, before
10 Oct., when the writ for his Inq.p. m. is dated. His widow was living in
1340-
Henry Bodrigan, s. and h., aged over 2 1 at his father's death. He w.,
before 1 3 Jan. 1328, Isabel, but <3'. j./i. 7?;., 3 weeks after his father, and before
he had obtained seizin. His widow had dower 10 Mar. 133 1/2.
William Bodrigan, br. and h., was b. 2 Sep. 131 1, at Trelawn, in
Pelynt par., Cornwall, and bap. next day at Pelynt Church. He pr. his
age in 1332. He d. s.p.
BOHUNC)
I. Sir John deBohun,('^) of Midhurst, Ford, and Rustington, Sus-
sex, and of Ballymadden, co. Kildare, s. and h. of Sir Frank de B., of
Midhurst, by his ist wife, Sibyl, da. of William (de Ferrers), Earl of
Derby. He sue. his father 14 Sep. I273,(^) being then aged 26.(') On
20 Oct. following, he did homage and had livery of the lands in England
both of his father and his mother,(^) and, 3 Mar. 1273/4, of his mother's
(^) Ahhough the House of Lords has been very liberal in conferring peerages on
gentlemen living about this time, who would have been much surprised to learn that
they enjoyed that honour, yet the House has never yet held that a summons to a dead
man created an hereditary Barony descendible to heirs general. V.G.
C") Writ for Inq. p. ??!. on William Bodrigan 26 Mar. I Edw. II.
(■=) This article has been kindly contributed by G. W. Watson. For a fuller
account see Genealogist, N.S., vol. xxviii, p. i sqg. V.G.
C^) The arms of Bohun of Midhurst were, Or, a cross Azure.
(') Fine Rolh, I Edw. I, 7nm. 5, 3; 2 Edw. I, m. 29.
Ch. Inq. p. m. (on Frank de Bohun), Edw. I, file 3, no. 14.
200 BOHUN
lands in Ireland. (^) He was sum. cum equis et armis 12 Dec. (1276)
5 Edw. 1 to 14 Mar. (1282/3) '' Edw. 1, and to attend the King at
Shrewsbury, (^) 28 June (1283) 11 Edw. I, by writ directed Johanni de
Bohun de Sussex'. He m. Joan, only da. and h. of Bartholomew de la
Chapelle, of Waltham, co. Lincoln, Serjeant of the King's Chapel. He
d. 28 Sep. I284.('') His widow, who was k Dec. i256,('') and to whom
dower in England was ordered to be assigned, 6 July I285,(') d. shortly
before 23 Mar. 1327/8.0
2. John de Bohun, s. and h., l>. 2 June 1275. He was living
6 Apr. 1295, but d. s.p., soon after, probably before Nov. 1297.(8)
3. James de Bohun, of Ballymadden afsd., next br. and h., l/. 3 Feb.
1 280/1, at Ford, and I'np. in the church there. Having proved his age
before the KingjC') he did homage, and had livery of his lands in Ireland
28 Oct. 1302 and 11 Oct. I304.(') He m. Joan, yr. da. and coh. of
Sir William de Brewes, of Bramber and Gower [Lord Brewes]. He d.
shortly before 30 May 1306. (') His widow, to whom dower in Ireland
was ordered to be assigned, 5 June and 25 Nov. I307,(') m., soon after
16 Sep. 13 10, Sir Richard Foliot, of Gressenhall and Weasenham, Nor-
folk, who d. between 18 Apr. and 23 July 13 17, when on the King's
service in Scotland. She d. between 8 Dec. 1321 and 23 June 1324.
BARONY BY 4. Sir John de Bohun, of Midhurst, &'c., s. and h.,
WRIT. b. and l>ap. 14 Nov. 1301 at Todham in Easebourne,
Sussex. Having proved his age,('') he did homage, and had
I. 1363. livery ofhislands in England and Ireland, 20 May 1323.0
In July 1346, he, in the retinue of the Earl of Arundel,
accompanied the King in his French campaign, returning to England before
(*) See note " e " on previous page.
C') As to this supposed Pari., see Preface. V.G.
(■=) Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. I, file 39, no. 9.
C^) Ch. Inq. p. m. (on Bartholomew de la Chapelle), Hen. Ill, file 20, no. 19.
O Close Roll, 13 Edw. I, w. 7.
(*) Ch. Inq. p. 7n., Edw. Ill, file 10, no. 3: Exch. Inq. p. m., Enrolments, no. 16.
(s) His father had demised all his lands in Sussex to Anthony Bek, Bishop of
Durham, for life, and all his lands in Ireland to John de Saumford, afterwards Arch-
bishop of Dubhn, so that the property did not revert to the Bohun family till after
these two prelates died, the latter in 1294 (a bastard without h. of his body), and the
former in 1310/1.
C") Coram Rege, Mich. 30-31 Edw. I, m. 33.
(') Close Rolls, 20 Edw. I,?;;. 3; 32 Edw.I,7«.4; 35 Edw. I, w. 7; I Edw. II, w. 1 5.
(') Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. I, file 1 21, no. 7.
('') Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. II, file 78, no. I.
Close Roll, 16 Edw. \l,m.b.
BOHUN 201
14 May 1347. He was sum. to three Councils from 10 Oct. (1359)
33 Edw. Ill to 10 Feb. (136 1/2) 36 Edw. Ill, and to Pari, from i June (1363)
37 Edw. Ill to 20 Jan. (1365/6) 39 Edw. Ill, by writs directed Johanni
de Bohun de Midhurst^ whereby he may be held to have become LORD
BOHUN, but none of his descendants were ever sum. to Pari, in respect
of this Barony.('') He w., istly, before 1326, Isabel, C") perhaps da. of
Sir Henry DE Tregoz, of Goring, Sussex. He;;;., 2ndly, before 6 Nov.
1342, Cicely, only da. and eventual h. of Sir John Filliol, of Kelvedon,
Little Oakley, and Little Baddow, Essex, by his 2nd wife, Margery. He d.
5 Dec. 1367, aged 66.(") His widow, who was aged 22 and more in
Oct. 1346, d. 9 or 13 Aug. i38i.(<')
5. Sir John de Bohun, of Midhurst, ^c, ist surv. s. and h., by 2nd
wife, b. 6 Jan. 1362/3. He had livery of his inheritance 2 Feb.
i383/4.(^) He ;;;., I stly, Alice, who was living 14 Dec. 1419. She was Z'z/r.
in Easebourne Priory. He ;;;., 2ndly, before 25 Oct. 1429, Anne, da. and
in her issue h. of John Halsham, of West Grinstead and Applesham,
Sussex, by his 2nd wife, Maud Mawley. He a. 25 Jan. 1432/3,0 and
was bur. in Easebourne Priory, aged 70. His widow ;;;., in 1433, Sir Robert
Ros, of More End, Northants, keeper of Rockingham Castle, who d.
30 Dec. 1448. (^) Her dower was assigned 24 Nov. 1449.(5)
6. SirHumphreyBohun, of Midhurst, fife, s. and h.,^. 6 May 1418.
Sheriff of Essex and Herts 1454-55. He ;;;. Margaret, da. and h. of Sir
William Estfeld, citizen and mercer, twice Mayor of London. She d. before
15 Mar. 1445/6. He d. between 2 and 6 Nov. 1468, aged 5c. Will dat.
2, pr. 12 Nov. 1468.
7. John Bohun, of Midhurst, efc, s. and h. He had licence to enter
his manors, &'c., 22 Nov. 1468, being then of lull age.C^) He ;;?., before
25 June 1467, Anne, da. of Sir Piers Arderne, of Latton, Essex, Chief
Baron of the Exchequer, by Katherine Sywardby, his wife. He was living
8 Oct. 1488, and d. before 26 Apr. 1494.
He left two daughters and heirs: (i) Mary, wife of Sir David Owen.
(2) Ursula, wife of Sir Robert Southwell, who d, s.p. Among the descend-
(^) As to how far these early writs of summons created any peerage title, see
Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
('') Their ist s., Edward, m. Philippe (da. of Sir Guy de Brian) and d. s.p. and v.p.
Jan. 1 361/2, leaving John his next br. and h., aged 26 and more (Ch. Inq. p. m.,
Edw. Ill, file 166, no. 24), who also d. s.p. and v.p. Philippe was living 28 July
1368 {Close Roll, 42 Edw. Ill, m. 12).
(") Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. Ill, file 192, no. 13: Exch. Inq. p. m., file 26, no. 7.
(°) Ch. Inq. p. m., Ric. II, file 18, no. 9, file 31, no. 21: Exch. Jnq. p. m., file 47,
no. 3, and Enrolments, no. 206.
C) Close Roll, 7 Ric. II, m. 9.
(') Ch. Inq. p. m.. Hen. VI, file 58, no. 33, Exch. Inq. p. m., file 150, no. 3.
(s) Ch. Inq. p. m., Hen. VI, file 134, no. 28; file 1 40, no. 40.
('') Patent Roll, 8 Edw. W , pars 2, m. ll.
27
202 BOHUN
ants of the former, viz. the representatives of Henry, s. and h. of the said
Mary Owen, any Barony, cr. by the writ of 1363 is, according to modern
doctrine, in abeyance.
BOISC)
Sir John du Bois,('') of Thorpe Arnold, co. Leicester, &'c.,('') 2nd
but 1st surv. s. and h.('') of Arnold du B., of the same, who d. i Apr.
i277,('') was b. 29 June 1253. He was sum. cum eqiiis et armis 6 Apr.
(1282) loEdw. I to 14 June (1287) 15 Edw. I, and to attend the King
at Shrewsbury,(') 28 June (1283) 11 Edw. I, by writs directed Johanni
lie Boko. He m. Joan. He d. s.p., shortly before 6 Feb. 12 89/90. (^)
His widow, to whom dower was ordered to be assigned 1 5 Feb. and
20 Apr. 1290, a. before Dec. 1294.C')
His h. was his br.. Master William du Bois, who d. s.p.y shortly
before 6 Mar. i3i2/3.(')
(') This article has been kindly contributed by G. W. Watson. V.G.
C") The arms of this family were, Argent, two bars and a canton Gules.
C") He held Assington, Suffolk, i a fee, of the King in chief; Ebrington, Pebworth,
Clopton, Farmcote, Guiting Power, Castlet, and Condicote, co. Gloucester, Weston,
Bulkington, Clifton, Church Over, and Wibtoft, co. Warwick, Thorpe Arnold,
Claybrooke, Elmsthorpe, Bushby, Peatling Magna, and Belgrave, co. Leicester, 27^
fees, of the heirs of the Earl of Winchester : also Tubney, Berks, Brafield and
Blakesley, Northants, if fees, held of divers lords. Cf. Ch. Inq. p. m., Hen. Ill,
file 40, no. 9.
('*) His eldest br., Arnold, d. s.p. and v.p., leaving a widow, Ida, who was living
I May 1277.
{^) "Ernaldus de Bosco." Writs of ^/Vot cl. ext. 12 Apr. 5 Edw. I. Inq. 25 Apr.
to I May 1277. He d. Thursday in Easter week 5 Edw. I. John, his s., aged 24
at the Feast of SS. Peter and Paul 5 Edw. I, was his h. (Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. I,
file 17, no. 5). This Arnold was s. and h. of Arnold du B., who d. before July
1255 (by Joan, who, in 1246, was one of the 4 coheirs of Eve de Gray, of Standlake
and Dornford, Oxon, and one of the 2 coheirs of John de Beauchamp, of Assington,
Suffolk), s. and h. of Arnold du B., who d. shortly before 20 Mar. 1222/3. (■^""
Rolls, 7 Hen. Ill, m. 7; 30 Hen. Ill, mm. 7, 2; 39 Hen. Ill, m. 5 [cf. Close Roll,
14 Hen. Ill, m. 17]: Ch. Inq. p. m., Hen. Ill, file 43, no. 15).
(*) As to this supposed Pari., see Preface. V.G.
(s) Writ of diem cl. ext. 6 Feb. {Fine Roll, 1 8 Edw. I, m. 19). There is no
Inq. p. m. extant.
C") Close Rolls, i8 Edw. I, mm. 14, 12, and 23 Edw. I, m. 10.
(') Writ of diem cl. ext. 6 Mar. {Fine Roll, 6 Edw. II, m. 6). There is no Inq. p. m.
extant. In the quinzaine of Michaelmas, 29 Edw. I, he settled many manors in
cos. Leicester, Warwick, and Northants, on William la Zouche of Harringworth,
and Maud his wife, and the heirs of their bodies: the said Maud being the donor's
niece, and only da. and h. of his sister, Isabel, who was 1st wife of John Lovel
of Titchmarsh. {Feet of Fines, case 285, file 25, no. 264).
BOLEBEC
203
BOLEBEC
BOLEBEC Barony of 1 Though this never was a Peerage Ba-
„ Viscountcy of j rony,(^) the Earls of Oxford, from 1 245 to
1 703, assumed (among divers other assump-
tions) the style of ^^Baron de Bolebec,'' which, during part of that time (1462
to 1625) they appear to have magnified into the style of " Viscount
BolebecrQ')
Isabel, da. and coh., of Walter de Bolebec, of Whitchurch, Bucks, ;«.,
istly, Robert (de Veer), 3rd Earl of Oxford (who d. 1221), and 2ndly,
Henry de Nonant, and d. 3 Feb. 1 245, when her s. and h., Hugh, 4th Earl,
appears to have adopted the style of " Baron de Bolebec," which was con-
tinued (as above-mentioned) by his successors. ('')
BOLEBROOKE
i.e. "BoLEBROoKE, Sussex," Barony (Sackvi//e-Germain), see "Sackville,
OF Drayton," Viscountcy, cr. 1782; extinct iB 4.2.
BOLINGBROKE(<^)
EARLDOM. I. Oliver St. John, s. and h. of Oliver, 3rd Baron
y ^ St. John of Bletso, by Dorothy, da. and h. of Sir John
''■■ Rede, of Odington, co. Gloucester, was b. about 1584;
K.B., 3 June 1 6 10, at the creation of Henry, Prince of Wales; sue. his
(^) The resolution, 5 Apr. 1626, of the House of Lords (to whom the claim of
Robert, 19th Earl of Oxford, h. male, but not h. gfn., of the preceding Earls, to this
and other dignities had been referred), was "that the Baronies of Bolebec, Sandford
and Badlesmere were in abeyance between the heWsgen. of John, 7th Earl of Oxford,"
but it must be noted that this resolution was made " without having inquired into the
origin or nature of those Baronies, or even their existence in the person of the said
Earl." See Courthope, sub ^^ Bolebec." See also vol. i, p. 373, Ncte, sub "Badles-
mere," and ante p. 88, note "b," sub " Bedford." For a list of peerage titles assumed
by peers see vol. v. Appendix F.
C') "John Vere, Lord Badlesmere, Viscount Bulbeck, i3c." presented in 1560 to
the Rectory of Aston Sandford, Bucks. See Lipscomb's Bucks, vol. i. It is of course
just possible that there may have been an Anglo-French Viscountcy of Bolebec
bestowed on this family.
(^) The manor of Bolebec appears to have been alienated in 1548 by Edward, 17th
Earl of Oxford, to the Duke of Somerset. See pedigree of Bolebec and an account
of the manor in Lipscomb's Buch, vol. iii, p. 508, sub "Whitchurch."
{^) The Lordship of Bolingbroke was the demesne of the old Earls of Lincoln,
whose heiress, Alice de Lacy, m. Thomas, Earl of Lancaster. Though she d. s.p.,
1 348, the inheritance continued in her husband's family, and it was here that " Henry
of BoUngbroke" (immortalised under that name by Shakespere), afterwards Henry
IV, was born. It was long the prime seat of the Duchy of Lancaster. The family
of St. John appears to have had no connection with the place of Bolingbroke, but to
have assumed that high sounding name to indicate their connection with the family
of Beaufort, descendants of the Dukes of Lancaster, its owners.
204 BOLINGBROKE
father in the peerage, Sep. 1618. Joint Lord Lieut, of Hunts, 1619. On
28 Dec. 1624, he was cr. EARL OF BOLINGBROKE. Joining the
Parliamentary party, he was by it appointed Lord Lieut.of Beds, Feb. 1642/3,
and a Commissioner of the Admiralty, Member of the Assembly of Divines,
and Joint Commissioner of the Great Seal, 1643 till his death. Hew., in
Easter week, Apr. 1602, Elizabeth, da. and h. of William Paulet,(^) of
Ewalden, Somerset, by Elizabeth, da. and coh. of Henry Codingham,
Auditor of the Mint. He d. June 1 646. Admon. 3 July 1 646 and 1 3 Nov.
1655. His widow d. at Melchbourne, Beds, and was bur. 26 Oct. 1655,
at Bletso. Admon. 13 Nov. 1655.
[Oliver St. John, s. and h. ap.; K.B.Feb. 1625/6, at the coronation of
Charles I. M.P. for co. Bedford 1625-26, and 1628-29. He was sum.
to Pari., v.p., in his father's Barony, by writ directed Olivero St. John
Chivaler, and took his seat 14 May i64i.('') He was however on the rebel
side, and was slain fighting against his King at the battle of Edgehill.('=)
He m., before Mar. 1628, Arabella, da. of John (Egerton), ist Earl of
Bridgwater, by Frances, da. and coh. of Ferdinando (Stanley), Earl of
Derby. He d. as afsd., v.p. and s.p.m.^ 23 Oct. 1642. His widow d. at
Welby, CO. Lincoln, and was bur. 1669, at Melton Mowbray. "Will dat.
2 Jan. 1668/9, P'"- 5 ^"ly 1669.]
n. 1646. 2. Oliver (St. John), Earl of Bolingbroke, ^0.,
grandson and h., being s. and h. of Sir Paulet St. John,
K.B., by Elizabeth,('^) da. and h. of Sir Rowland Vaughan, of the Spital,
Shoreditch, Midx., which Paulet {bap. 24 July 1608, at Thurleigh, Beds)
was 2nd s. of the last Earl, but d. v.p. and v.f., in i638.('') He was b.
1634. Custos Rot. of Beds 1667 till his death. He m., 24 Nov. 1654, at
Pitstone, Bucks, Frances, da. of William (Cavendish), Duke of Newcastle,
by his 1st wife, Elizabeth, da. and h. of William Basset, of Blore, co.
Stafford. She ^. 15 Aug. 1678, and was ^«r. at Bletso. M.L Hed.s.p.,
18, and WHS bur. 28 Mar. 1687/8, at Bletso.(')
(^) He was s. and h. of William Paulet, s. and h. of Sir George Paulet, yr. br. of
William, Ist Marquess of Winchester.
('') In the Journals of the House of Lords the date of the writ is not mentioned.
For a list of sons and heirs ap. of peers who were sum. to Pari, v.p., in one of their
fathers' baronies, see vol. i, Appendix G- V.G-
{^) According to Lord Clarendon, " his parts of understanding were very ordinary,
and his course of life licentious and much depraved." He is stated to have contracted
debts amounting to some ;^5o,ooo or ^^60,000. As a commander of a troop of horse
against the King, " he behaved himself so ill, that he received some wounds in running
away, and being taken prisoner, died before the next morning."
{'^) They had lie. to marry at St. Botolph's, Bishopsgate, from the Fac. Off., dat.
10 Dec. 1632, he aged 24 and she 17, Bachelor and Spinster.
(=) His will is dat. 3 May, and pr. 27 June 1638.
(') It is stated in error in Doy/e that he died in 1689. For the account of his pulh'ng
Sir Andrew Henly's nose in Westminster Hall, and getting into trouble therefor with
the Judges, see Pepys, 29 Nov. 1666. V.G.
BOLINGBROKE 205
III. 1688 3. Paulet(St. John), Earl OF BoLiNGBROKE and Baron
to St. John of Bletso, br. and h. He was M.P. for Bedford
171 1. 1663-81, and also Recorder of Bedford. Custos
Rot. of Beds 1689 till his death. He d. unm., 5 Oct.
171 1, and was bur. at Bletso, when the Earldom of Bolingbroke became
extinct, the Barony of St. John of Bletso devolving on his cousin and h.
male. Will pr. Oct. 1711. See "St. John of Bletso," Barony, <:r. 1558.
VISCOUNTCY. I. Henry St. John, s. and h. ap. of Sir Henry St.
John, Bart, (afterwards, 1716, Viscount St. John), by
I. 1 71 2 his 1st wife, Mary, da. and coh. of Robert (Rich), Earl
to OF Warwick, was bap. 10 Oct. 1678, at Battersea, Sur-
171 5. rey; is said to have been ed. at Eton, and at Ch. Ch.,
Oxford;(^) was cr. D.C.L. (Oxford), 27 Aug. 1702; M.P.
[Titu/ar Earldom (Tory) for Wootton Bassett, 1701-08 (being also elected
I. 1715.] therefor in 1 7 10); for Berks, 1 7 10-12; Secretary at War,
1704-08; P.C. 21 Sep. 1 7 10 till Sep. 17 14; Secretary
of State for the North 17 10-13, and for the South 1 713-14; Director of the
South Sea Co. 1 7 1 1 - 1 5 ; Lord Lieut, of Essex 1 7 1 2- 1 4. On 7 July 1 7 1 2,
he was cr. BARON ST. JOHN OF LYDIARD TREGOZE, Wilts, and
VISCOUNT BOLINGBROKE,^) co. Lincoln,(^) with a spec, rem., failing
his issue male, to his father and the heirs male of his body.('^) Ambas-
sador to Paris 17 12. On 27 July 1714 (by the removal of the Duke of
Shrewsbury), he became virtually Prime Minister, but the Queen's death,
5 days afterwards, disconcerted all his schemes and, to avoid impeach-
ment, he escaped to France.(') The conspicuous part he bore in the
last years of Queen Anne's reign, his eloquence, the style of his writings
fsTc, are matters of history. He was attainted 10 Sep. I7i5,(^ when he
at once entered the service of the Chevalier St. George (the titular
James III), as Secretary of State, but was dismissed therefrom Mar. 1716.
By him he had already been cr. an Earl \Earl of Bolingbroke [E.]] 26 July
1715.(8) He was however restored (though in blood only) 31 May 1725.
After frequent visits, he finally returned to England, and possessed much
(^) Stanhope's Hiit. of England, and Doyle's Baronage. No such matriculation
however seems to occur in the records of Oxford Univ.
C') In the patent it is spelt " Bullingirooi."
C^) See tabular pedigree on next page.
('') This is one of the few instances (few at least till very recently) of Commoners
being elevated to the Peerage [G.B. or U.K.] with a spec. rem. (failing heirs male of
the body) to collaterals and heirs female of the body. For a list of, and remarks on, such
special remainders, see vol. iii, Appendix F.
('^) In the same year, and for a similar cause, the Duke of Ormond, the Earl of
StrafiFord, and the Earl of Oxford were impeached. See State Trials, vol. xv. V.G.
As to the forfeiture of the Baronetcy in 17 15, see note sub Frederick, Baron
Saint John of Battersea [1749].
(8) For a list of these Jacobite Peerages, see vol. i. Appendix F.
2o6
BOLINGBROKE
Pedigree showing the relationship of the Viscounts Bolingbroke (17 12) to
the former (1624-1711) Earls of Bolingbroke.
Sir Oliver St. John, = Margaret, sister and h. of Sir =p John (Beaufort) Duke
<i. 1437, 1st hus-
band.
I
Sir John St. John,
of Bletso, s. and
h., K.B. 1488.
Sir John St. John,
of Bletso, s. and h.,
K.B. 1502.
John Beauchamp, of Bletso, I of Somerset, 2nd hus-
Beds.
I
Oliver St. John, of
Lydiard Tregoze, Wilts,
2nd son.
Sir John St. John,
s. and h., d. i 5 1 2.
I
L
I band.
r
Margaret, sole h. of her father, m.
Edmund (Tudor), Earl of Rich-
mond. =
I ;
Henry V'll, King of England.
%
1
Sir John St. John, of Bletso, living i 549. John St. John, s. and h., 7 years old in I 5 I 2.
J
I
Oliver, cr. Baron St. John of Bletso, 1559,
d. 1582. =
I H
John 2nd Baron St. Oliver, 3rd Baron St.
John, (^././.»7., 1596. John, <j'. 1618.
J
r
Nicholas St. John, s. and h., living 1549.
1
Sir John St.
John, s. and h.
J
1
I
Ann, da. and h., m.
William (Howard),
Baron Howard of
Effingham. =
I
Oliver, cr. Viscount Grandi-
son [I.J, 1622, with a spec,
rem. d. s.p., 1630.
r 1
I. Oliver, 4th Baron Sir Rowland
St. John, cr. Earl of St. John, K.B.
Bolingbroke 1624, d.
1646. ==
I
Oliver St. John, sum. as
Baron St. John, £'./. He
d. v.f. and s.p.m., 1 642.
J
Sir Paulet
St. John,
K.B., d. v.p.
andj'/i638.
Sir Oliver
St. John,
cr. a Bart.,
1660.
I I
Sir John St. Barbara, m. Sir
John, cr. a Edward Villiers.
Bart.,161 1. From whom the
Viscounts Gran-
dison [I.], Earls
of Jersey.
pJ
Sir Walter St. John,
3rd Bart., 6th son,
sue. his nephew, d.
1708, aged 86.
/K
I
II. Oliver, £dr/
of Bolingbroke
and Baron St.
John, d. 1688,
III. Paulet, Earl
of Bolingbroke and
Baron St. John, </.
unm. I 71 1.
I
Sir Andrew St. John, Bart., d.
1 709. Ancestor of the Barons
St. John, heirs male of the Earls
of Bolingbroke. =
I \
I. Henry St. John (the statesman) cr. Viscount
Bolingbroke (with a spec, rem.) 1712, v.p., d.
^•A. 1751-
I
Sir Henry St. John,
Bart.,fr.Viscount St.
John (with a spec,
rem.) 1716, a*. 1742,
aged 90. =
John, 2nd Viscount St. John, 2nd son,
d. 1749. J
I
II. Frederick, 3rd Viscount St. John (in 1749) and (in 1 751) 2nd Viscount Bolingbroke.
From whom the succeeding Viscounts Bolingbroke and St. John derive.
BOLINGBROKE 207
influence over the Prince of Wales from 1737 till that Prince's death. He
w., istly, 22 May 1701, at St. Dunstan's-in-the-East, Frances, ist da.
and coh. of Sir Henry Winchcombe, 2nd Bart. [1661], of Bucklebury,
Berks, by his ist wife, Elizabeth, da. of ( — ) Hungerford. She d. s.p.,
25 Oct. i7i8.(^) Will dat. 31 Mar. 1718. He m., 2ndly, May 1720, at
Aix la Chapelle, Marie Claire, widow of Philip le Valois de Villette,
Marquis de Villette,('') and da. of Armand des Champs, Seigneur de
Marcilly, by Elisabeth Indrot. She, who was b. 9 Dec. 1675, ^•
18 Mar. 1749/50, aged 74, and was bur. at Battersea.(=) He d. s.p.s., in
his 74th year, 12, and was bur. 15 Dec. 175 1, at Battersea, as "Henry
St. John, late Lord Viscount Bolingbroke."('^) M.I. Will dat. 22 Nov.
1751, pr. 5 Mar. 1752.
II. 1751. 2. Frederick. (St. John), Viscount Bolingbroke,
Viscount St. John, i^c., nephew and h., being s. and h.
of John, 2nd Viscount St. John, by his ist wife, Anne, da. of Sir Robert
Furnese, Bart., which John was 2nd s. (but h. to the Peerage) of Henry,
1st Viscount St. John, being a yr. br. of Henry, Viscount Bolingbroke
abovenamed. He, who was b. 1734, and ed. at Eton, sue. his father as
Viscount St. John, fffc, in Feb. 1748/9, and sue. his uncle as Viscount
(*) "The Lady Bullingbroke who died very lately was wonderful handsome, as
indeed my Lord himself is one of the handsomest personages I ever saw." (T. Hearne,
19 Nov. 1718). V.G.
C") She was not niece of the celebrated Mme. de Maintenon as has been stated,
but de Villette and de Maintenon were cousins. V.G.
{^) She was largely engaged in privately " treating " with King George's Govt.,
but, as Lord Lansdowne writes to the Chevalier, 10 July 1724, "She has not the luck
to please at Court: 'elle parle trop et sans respect,' was the character given her by
the master of the house [the King]. You can tell, sir, whether this is just, she is
your old acquaintance." V.G.
(^) A powerfully written character of him is given by Earl Stanhope in his History
of England, 1 7 13-83, who styles him the modern Alcibiades, and as such he is
referred to in Lord Lytton's St. Stephen s : —
"Bright as the Greek to whom all toil was ease
Flash'd forth the English Alcibiades.
He for whom Swift had not one cynic sneer,
Whom hardiest Walpole honour'd with his fear,
Whose lost harangues a Pitt could more deplore
Than all the gaps in Greek and Roman lore."
"Lord Bolingbroke's father said to him on his being made a lord, 'Ah, Harry, I
ever said you would be hanged, but now I find you will be beheaded.' " (Dr. Young).
" To see him in a true light we must neither regard all the incense offered to him
by Tories, nor credit all the opprobrium cast on him by Whigs. We must see him
compounded of all those vices and virtues that so often enter into the nature of a
great genius, who is not one of the greatest." (H. Walpole, George II, vol. i, p. 221).
" This strange product of a revolutionary age, so brilliant as a writer, so disappoint-
ing as a thinker, so famous as an orator, so shifty as a statesman, so profligate as a
man." Lord Cobham called him " that tawdry fellow." V.G.
2o8 BOLINGBROKE
Bolingbroke,(*) i^c., under the spec. rem. in the creation thereof, I2 Dec.
1 75 1, taking his seat as such 12 Feb. 1754. Lord of the Bedchamber,
1762-65 and 1768-80. In 1763 he sold to Viscount Spencer the estate of
Battersea, Surrey, which he had inherited from his great-grandfather. Sir
John St. John, Bart., to whom it had been devised in 1630 by his (the
Baronet's) uncle Oliver (St. John), ist Viscount Grandison [I.]. He m.,
8 Sep. 1 757, at Harbledown, Kent, Diana, da. of Charles (Spencer), Duke
OF Marlborough, by Elizabeth, da. of Thomas (Trevor), 2nd Baron
Trevor of Bromham. She was Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Charlotte
1762-68. From her he obtained a divorce by Act of Pari. 10 Mar. I768.('')
He d. 5 May i787.('=) Will pr. June 1787.
in. 1787. 3. George Richard (St. John), Viscount Boling-
BROK.E, i^c., s. and h., b. 5 Mar. 1761; matric. at Oxford
(Ch.Ch.)23junei777. M.P. (Whig) for Cricklade i782-84.('^) Hew., istly,
26 Feb. 1783, Charlotte, da. of the Rev. Thomas Collins, of Winchester,
his tutor. From her he was ultimately separated. She d. 11 Jan. 1803,
at the Hot Wells, Bristol. He m., 2ndly, 1 Aug. 1804, Isabella Charlotte
Antoinette Sophia, Baroness Hompesch.(') He d. 18 Dec. 1824, at Pisa.
Will pr. 1 825. His widow d. July 1 848, at Torquay. Will pr. Aug. 1 848.
if) "Where a person is tenant in tail male of a dignity, ivith a rem. over in tail
male to another, and such person is attainted of high treason, the dignity is forfeited
as to him and his issue male; . . . but upon failure [thereof] . . . becomes vested
in the remainder man or his male descendant." See C?uise, p. 122. Such was the
devolution in 1572 of the Earldom of Northumberland, cr. 1 55 7; as also was the
devolution in 1751 of the Viscountcy of Bolingbroke.
C') The cause was her crim. con. with Topham Beauclerk (the friend of Dr.
Johnson, and s. and h. of Lord Sydney Beauclerk, and grandson of Charles, 1st
Duke of St. Albans), whom she m., at St. Geo., Han. Sq., the 1 2th of that same
month, and who ^. II Mar. 1 7 80. She d., his widow, I Aug. 1808. She was an
accomplished artist, and was often employed by the Wedgwoods.
{") Lord Chesterfield, in his JVorks, vol. ii, p. 212, writes of him as "by his
talents no way unworthy to bear his uncle's name," and in another place as having
" true and solid good sense, real taste and knowing a great deal." For the last six
years of his life he was out of his mind. He appears in 1772, "The Battersea Baron
and Mrs V t," in the notorious tete-a-tete portraits in The Town and Country
Mag., for an account of which see Appendix B in the last vol. of this work. In politics
he was originally Whig, but supported the Court in the reign of George III, and pro-
tested against the repeal of the Stamp Act. G.E.C. and V.G.
(^) He was one of those, for the most part Whigs, who, having supported the
Coalition of North and Fox, were turned out of their seats at the Gen. Election of
1784, when Pitt swept the board, and were known as "Fox's Martyrs." For a list of
them see vol. iv, Appendix A. As a peer he voted against Pitt's Regency Bill. V.G.
(^) He had previously gone through the form of marriage with her in Austria,
during the lifetime of his 1st wife.
" Lord Bolingbroke lives a mile off with the German lady his wife, now declared
so, and married over again to him since the death of Lady B. He has been here 10
years now. She is anything but handsome; a little square German with broken teeth,
but they say very amiable." (Aug. Foster, New Jersey, 22 Sep. 1805). V.G.
BOLINGBROKE 209
IV. 1824. 4. Henry (St. John), Viscount Bolingbroke, i^c.,
2nd but 1st surv.(^) s. and h. by ist wife, b. 6 Mar. 1786;
matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 3 Feb. 1804. A Whig in politics. He m.,
3 June 1 8 12, at St. Geo., Han Sq., Maria, 2nd da. of Sir Henry Paulet St.
John-Mildmay (formerly St. John), Bart., by Jane, da. and coh. of Carew
MiLDMAY, of Shawford House, Hants. She d. 21 Dec. 1836, at Aberyst-
with. He d. at Elgin, i, and was bur. 7 Oct. 1851, at Lydiard Tregoze.
Will pr. Nov. 1 85 1.
V. 1851. 5. Henry (St. John), Viscount Bolingbroke, &c.,
s. and h., bap. 30 Mar. 1820, at Fyfield, Hants. A Con-
servative in politics. He is alleged to have »/., In 1869, Ellen, da. of
G. W. Medex, a schoolmaster at Brussels, by ( — ) Graham, of Netherby.
She, who had been his mistress, d. s.p. legit., 7 May 1885, aged 46, in
Oxford Terrace, they having been living there as " Mr. and Mrs. Walker,"
but her coffin plate is inscribed " Ellen, Viscountess Bolingbroke." He ;;;.,
as a widower, aged 72, 5 Jan. 1893, at a registry office in Bath, Mary
Emily Elizabeth, who had been for many years his mistress, da. of Robert
Howard, a blacksmith. (**) He d. 7 Nov. 1899, at Lydiard, and was bur.
there. His widow is living (191 1) at Lydiard Park.
VI. 1899. 6. Henry Vernon (St. John), Viscount B0LINGBR0K.E
[17 1 2], Viscount St. John [17 16], Baron St. John of
Lydiard Tregoze [17 12], and Baron St. John of Battersea [17 16], s.
and h., b. 15 Mar. 1896, at 29 Gay Str., Bath (Lord Bolingbroke, who was
then aged 76, registering him at Bath as his s. and h.). His existence was
not generally known of till after his father's death, but his succession has
not (191 i) been disputed.
Family Estates. — These,in 1883, consisted of 3,382 acresin Wilts, worth
;^5,536 a year. Principal Residence. — Lydiard Park, near Swindon, Wilts.
BOLSOVER
BARONY. I. Augusta Mary Elizabeth Browne, 2nd and
, „„ yst. da. of the Hon. Henry Montague Browne, Dean
of Lismore (a yr. s. of James Caulfeild, 2nd Baron
Kilmaine [L]), by Catherine Penelope, da. of Lodge Evans (Morres, after-
wards DE Montmorency), ist Viscount Frankfort de Montmorency
[L], was b. 8 Nov. 1834, in Dublin. She m., 10 June 1862 (as his
2nd wife), Lieut. Gen. Arthur Cavendish-Bentinck, who d. 1 1 Dec.
1877. On 23 Apr. 1880, she was fr. BARONESS BOLSOVER of
Bolsover Castle, co. Derby, for life, with a spec. rem. of the dignity of
(^) His elder br., George, d. 26 May 1803, at Lydiard Tregoze.
C") By her he had 2 sons, Henry Mildmay, b. 1 880, and Charles Reginald, h. 1883
(both born in the lifetime of Ellen Medex afsd.),who at onetime figured in the peerages
as if legitimate. V.G.
28
2IO BOLSOVER
Baron Bolsover, of Bolsover Castle afsd., to the heirs male of the body of
the said Arthur Cavendish-Bentinck decd.(^) She d. 7 Aug. 1893, at 13
Grosvenor Place, aged 58, and was bur. at Bolsover.
II. 1893. 2. William John Arthur Charles James (Caven-
dish-Bentinck.), Duke of Portland [17 16], Marquess
OF TiTCHFIELD [1716], EaRL OF PORTLAND [1689], ViSCOUNT WoODSTOCK
[1689], Baron Cirencester [1689], and Baron Bolsover [1880], to which
last Barony he sue. on the death of his step-mother, 7 Aug. 1893, above-
named, under the spec. rem. in the creation of that dignity, having sue. to
the other titles 6 Dec. 1879. See "Portland" Dukedom, cr. 1716, under
the 6th Duke.
BOLTON
DUKEDOM. I. Charles PowletTjC) s. and h. of John, 5th
, ,n Marquess OF Winchester (the" Lojy<7/Mary«f«"), by his
°' 1st wife, Jane, da. of Thomas (Savage), Viscount Savage,
was b. about 1630; M.P. for Winchester, 1660, and for Hants, 1661-75;
Lord Lieut, of Hants and Warden of the New Forest, 1668-76, and 1689
till his death; Keeper of the King's Lodge at Petersham, 1671. On 5 Mar.
1674/5, he jwc his father. P.C. 22 Apr. 1679; said to have been Col. of a
Reg. of Foot 1689-98. On 20 Apr. 1692 he and his son Charles were
among those excepted from pardon in the declaration of James II. Being a
Whig, and having taken an active part in setting William and Mary on the
throne, he was continued as P.C, and made a Commissioner of Claims at
their coronation, in 1689. On 9 Apr. 1689, he was fr. DUKE OF BOLTON.
He »?., istly, 28 Feb. 1651/2 (marr. settl. 4 Mar.), Christian, ist da.
of John (Frescheville), Baron Frescheville of Staveley, by Sarah,
da. of Sir John Harrington. She, who was b. 13 Dec. 1633, d.^
as " Lady St. John," 22 May 1653, in childbed, and was bur. (with
her infant) at Staveley, co. Derby. He »?., 2ndly, 12 Feb. 1654/5,
(^) The cause of the creation was that her husband, had he lived 2 years longer,
would have become Duke of Portland, a dignity inherited, 6 Dec. 1879, by his s. and
h., by hh 1st wife, the present (191 1) Duke. The children by Baroness Bolsover
obtained, by Royal warrant 1 880, the precedence of children of a Duke. The extra-
ordinary limitation of this Peerage (in which the right of succession by the issue of
the grantee is postponed to that of a stranger in blood) can only be accounted for
by the then Premier (Disraeli) being naturally unwilling to augment the number of
the House of Lords (which any creation, that did not of necessity merge in the
Dukedom of Portland, might have done), and being preter-naturally opposed to any
" Life Peerage," even when, as in this case, (for which there would have been
abundance of precedent) granted to a woman. As to the precedence granted in this
case, see also note sub Catherine, Countess OF Chesterfield [1660].
Q') He, as Lord St. John, was a Cavalier prisoner in 1655. See note sub John,
Baron Lucas of Shenfield [1645].
BOLTON 211
at St. Dionis Backchurch, (reg. also at St. Marti n's-in-the-Fields (')
Mary, widow of Henry Carey, styled Lord Leppington, ist of the
3 illegit. daughters of Emmanuel (le Scrope), Earl of Sunderland,
by Martha Jeanes (otherwise Sandford), Spinster.C') She d. at Moulins
in France, i, and was bur. 12 Nov. 1680, at Wensley, co. York. Will pr.
168 1. He d. suddenly, at Amport, 27 Feb., and was bur. 23 Mar. 1698/9,
at Basing, aged 68. Will dat. 9 Apr. 1694, pr. 14 June i699.("=)
II. 1699. 2. Charles (Powlett), Duke of Bolton, ^c, 2nd,
but 1st surv. s. and h., being ist s. by 2nd wife, b. 1661 ; ed.
at Winchester 1675. Adm. to Gray's Inn 10 Mar. 1673/4; M.P. (Whig)
for Hants 1681, 1685-87, and 1689-98. Going over to Holland, he returned
with the Prince of Orange, being one of those "in arms" with him in i688.('')
He is said to have been Col. of a Reg. of Foot. Lord Chamberlain to the
Queen, 1689-94, and bearer of the orb at the coronation, 11 Apr. 1689;
P.C. 3 June 1690. One of the Lords Justices of Ireland, 1 697-1 700.
Lord Lieut, of Hants and Dorset, and Warden of the New Forest 1699-
1710, and 1714 till his death. High Steward of Winchester. On 16 Apr.
1705 he was cr. LL.D. of Cambridge. Commissioner for the Union with
Scotland 1706; Gov. of the Isle of Wight 1707-10. One of the Lords
Justices of the Realm i Aug. to 28 Sep. 1714, and again 1720.0 Nom.
K.G. 16 Oct. and inst. 9 Dec. 17 14. Lord Chamberlain of the Household
1 71 5-1 7. Lord Lieut, of Ireland Apr. 1717 to Nov. 1 719.0 He >«.,
istly, 10 July 1679 (lie. from Fac. Off., he aged 19, she aged 21), at St.
Giles's-in-the-Fields, Margaret, da. of George (Coventry), 3rd Baron
Coventry, by Margaret, da. of John (Tufton), Earl of Thanet. She,
who was b. 14 Sep. 1657, at Hothfield House, Kent, d. s.p., 7 Feb. 168 1/2,
and was bur. at Basing. He w., 2ndly, 8 Feb. 1682/3, at Duke Place,
St. James's, Frances, da. of William Ramsden, of Byrom, co. York, by
Elizabeth, da. and h. of George Palmes, of Naburn in that co. She, who
was bap. 14 June 1661, at Almondbury, d. of dropsy, 22, was bur. 28 Nov.
(^) " Charles, Lord St. John, and Mary, Lady Leppington."
(^) She was " his servant, da. of a poor taylor living on Turfield Heath, Bucks."
See MS. additions to YiugidXc's Baronage in Col. Top. et Gen., vol. i, p. 223. See also
note sub Emanuel, Lord Scrope of Bolton [1609].
('^) Bp. Burnet says of him that " he was a man of a strange mixture. He had the
spleen to a high degree and affected an extravagant behaviour; for many weeks he
would not open his mouth till such an hour of the day when he thought the air was
pure. He changed the day into night, and often hunted by torch-light, and took all
sorts of liberties to himself, many of which were very disagreeable to those about
him. He was a man of most profuse expense, and of a most ravenous avarice to sup-
port that; and tho' he was much hated, yet he carried matters before him with such
authority and success, that he was in all respects the great riddle of the age." V.G.
('') See a list of these in Appendix H to this volume.
(^) For a list of these see sub William, Duke of Devonshire [1707].
(') As for his plan for making the common Irish protestants, see vol. i, p. 448,
note " b."
212 BOLTON
1696, at Basing, aged 35. He m., 3rdly, 1697, before 15 Oct., probably
in Dublin, Henrietta Crofts, one of the illegit. children of James (Scott),
Duke of Monmouth, (sometime James Crofts) by Eleanor Needham,
Spinster, da. of Sir Robert Needham, of Lambeth. He d. at his house in
Dover Str., London, of pleurisy, 21 Jan., and was bur. i Feb. 172 1/2 (in
woollen) at Basing, aged 60. Will pr.Feb. I724.('') His widow d. 27 Feb., and
was bur. 10 Mar. 1729/30, at Basing, aged 47. Admon. 20 Mar. 1729/30,
to her s., Lord Nassau Powlett.
III. 1722. 3. Charles (Pawlet or Powlett), Duk.e of Bolton,
is'c., s. and h. by 2nd wife, b. 3 Sep. 1685, at Chawton,
Hants; ed. at Enfield.('') M.P. (Whig) for Lymington, 1705-1 708 ;("=) for
Hants, 1708-10; for CO. Carmarthen 1 71 5-1 7. Lord of the Bedchamber to
the Prince of Wales, 1714-22. Gov. of Milford Haven and Vice Admiral
of South Wales, 171 5; Lord Lieut, of cos. Carmarthen and Glamorgan
1 715, re-gazetted to the former on the accession of George II, 30 Aug.
1727, and to the latter 26 Mar. 1729; Col. of the Horse Guards (Blue)
1717-33; Lieut. Gen. 1745. On 12 Apr. 1717 he was sum. to Pari, v.p.,
as a Baron, the writ (which was doubtless meant to have been in his
father's Barony of Saint John) being directed Carolo Pawlet de Basing
Chr. This accordingly constituted a new Peerage and cr. him LORD
PAWLET OF BASING.('^) He was Lord Lieut, of Hants and Dorset,
(*) Bishop Burnet's character of him, with Dean Swift's remarks thereon in italics,
is as follows: " Does not make any figure at Court. Nor anywhere else. A great Booby."
Tom Hearne's account is, " A most lewd, vicious man, a great dissembler and a very
hard drinker." Lady Cowper in her Diary writes that he is generally to be seen with
his tongue lolling out of his mouth. V.G.
C') His master there, Dr. Robert Uvedale, writes, "he declines all business, and
refuses to be governed, absenting himself from school, and by no persuasion will be
prevayl'd upon to follow his studies." {Hist. AfSS. Com.). V.G.
('^) As a peer he belonged to that section of the party which opposed Walpole. V.G.
("*) [The following note on the subject of this Barony occurs in the handwriting of
Mr. Hargrave, the eminent counsel, in his copy of Edmondson's Peerage in the British
Museum. "What follows was laid before me as the copy of the memorandum by
Speaker Onslow, concerning the summons of Sir Charles Pawlett as Lord St. John of
Basing.
"'Charles, afterwards Duke of Bolton, was in 1 717 called up to the House of Peers
by Writ by the title of Lord Basing. Note. — It proved to be a new creation by, really,
a mistake of the name of the father's Barony to which he was intended to have been
called up. The father's title was St. John of Basing, and though this was known to
their Lordships in their private capacity, yet the Writ being complete and legal, they,
as a court, considered it was a Writ of fresh creation, and he was placed the lowest
Baron, and thereby got a Barony in fee.' This memorandum is confirmed by the
entry in the Journal of the Lords, 6 May 1717. — F.H."
The entry in the Journals notices his introduction into the House, recites his Writ,
and adds that, after taking the oaths, " he was placed on the lower end of the Barons'
bench."- — Lords' Journals, vol. xx, p. 446.
BOLTON 213
and Warden of the New Forest, 1722-33, and again Lord Lieut, of Hants
and Warden of the New Forest, 1 742 till his death. High Steward of Win-
chester. Norn. K.G. 10 Oct., and inst. 13 Nov. 1722. Constable of the
Tower of London, i^c. May 1725 to Sep. 1726. P.C. i June 1725. One
of the Lords Justices of the Realm, i June 1725 to 3 Jan. 1726, and again
4 May to 31 Aug. I745.(^) Gov. of the Isle of Wight, 1726-33, and
1742-46. Capt. of the Gent. Pensioners, 1740-42. Having opposed the
Court measures he was, in 1733, deprived of all his places, to many of which
(as above mentioned) he was after some seven years or so restored. In
Nov. 1745 he raised and commanded a Reg. of Foot against the Jacobite
Rising, being then given a commission as Lieut. Gen. in the Army. He m.,
21 July 1713 (marr. settl. 20 and 21 July), Anne,('') da. and h. of John
(Vaughan), 3rd Earl of Carberv [I.],C) by his 2nd wife, Anne, da. of
George (Savile), Marquess of Halifax. She d. s.p., 20 Sep. 175 !.('')
Will, directing her burial to be at Llandilwan, near Golden Grove, co.
Carmarthen, pr. June 1752. He m., 2ndly, 20 Oct. following, at Aix in
Provence, Lavinia, da. of ( — ■ ) Beswick. (said to have been a Lieut. R.N.),
which lady was usually known by the name of Lavinia Fenton.(^) He
A similar mistake, though not with the same result, occurred in 1833, upon the
summons to the Upper House of Francis Russell, Esq., eldest son of the Duke of
Bedford. He was summoned as Francis Russell of Streatham, although the Barony
to which he was intended to have been summoned, and in which he took his seat, was
Howland of Streatham]. See Courthope, sub " Pawlet of Basing," and see also ante^
p. 86, note "a," sub "Bedford," and vol. i. Appendix G.
(*) See ante, p. 211, note " e."
C") " There is such running after my Lord Carbery's rich daughter as you never
saw. My Lord Lumley makes the greatest bustle. . . My Lord Winchester and Lord
Hertford are also in pursuit." (27 Feb. 1713). "My Lord Winchester is to be the
happy man that marries my Lady Ann Vaughan. They say it is concluded."
(31 Mar. 1713. Letters of Lord Berkeley of Stratton). V.G.
{^) They separated soon after their marriage, and Lady Mary Montagu writes,
24 Nov. 1 7 14, "My Lord made her an early confession of his aversion." V.G.
(^) "Educated in solitude with some choice books, by a saint-like governess:
crammed with virtue and good qualities, she thought it impossible not to find gratitude,
though she failed to give passion; and upon this threw away her estate, was despised
by her husband, and laughed at by the public." (Lady M. Montagu, 8 Dec. 1754). V.G.
(*■) Her mother, shortly after her birth, had m. Mr. Fenton, who kept a coffee-
house at Charing Cross, and gave the child his name. She appeared first on the stage,
when about 18, as "Monimia" in "The Orphan," in 1726; and two years later in
"The Beggar's Opera" in her celebrated character of "Polly Peacham." Her picture,
as such, by Hogarth (1728) was purchased by the Nat. Gallery for 800 guineas at the sale
of the Leigh Court pictures in June 1884. There was, however, another such picture
exhibited at the South Kensington Museum in 1867. She acted but 62 times as
" Polly Peacham," when she was finally removed from the stage by the Duke of Bolton,
who (as stated in a letter by Swift, dat. 8 July 1728) settled ;^400 a year on her,
and with whom for 23 years she lived as his mistress, being by him mother of three
sons, Charles, Percy, and Horatio Armand, born before marriage, all called "Powlett."
For a list of peers who have married singers, dancers or actresses, see Appendix C in
the last vol. of this work.
214 BOLTON
d. s.p. legit., at Tunbridge Wells, 26 Aug., and was bur. 14 Sep. 1754, at
Basing, aged 68, when the Barony of Pawlet of Basing became extinct.^")
Will dat. 6 July 1743, pr. 26 Aug. 1754. His widow d. at West Combe
Park, Kent, 24 Jan., and was bur. 3 Feb. 1 760, aged about 52, at Greenwich.
Will dat. 6 Dec. 1759, pr. 7 Feb. 1760.
IV. 1754. 4. Harry (Powlett), Duke of Bolton, tfc., br. of
the whole blood and h., b. 24 July 1691, in London.
Was in Portugal as A.D.C. to Lord Galway in 1710. M.P. (Whig)
for St. Ives 1715-22; for Hants 1722-54 (being elected also for Lyming-
ton in 1722); said to have been a Lord of the Bedchamber to the Prince
of Wales 1729; a Lord of the Admiralty 1733-42; Lieut, of the Tower
of London 1742-54; Lord Lieut, of Glamorgan 1754-55, and of Hants
1754-58. P.C. 9 Jan. 1755. ^^ ^^- Catharine, da. of Charles Parry,
of Oakfield, Berks, sometime Envoy to Portugal. She d. before Mar.
1758. He d. 9, and was bur. 20 Oct. 1759, at Basing, aged 68. Will dat.
8 Mar. 1758, pr. 3 Dec. 1761.
V. 1759. 5. Charles (Powlett), Duke OF Bolton, fffc, s. and
h., b. about 171 8; ed. at Winchester 1728-29. M.P.
(Whig) for Lymington 1741-54, and for Hants (being then styled Mar-
quess of Winchester) 1754-59. Lieut. Col. in the Army 1745. Nom.
(*) He was well known as one of the gallants of the period. " No man was ever
more indebted to rank and title than this nobleman; for no man stood more in need
of the consequence which is derived from them. Weak and whimsical, but persuaded,
like many other good mistaken people of the same kind, that he possessed the
opposite qualities, he naturally became no infrequent subject of mirth, raillery and
cajolement. The moment, however, which brought his dignity along with it
silenced the laughter and changed the arch look of ridicule into the submissive
gravity of respect. The ducal coronet, by its magic power, exalted frivolity and
weakness into stability and good sense, and the crowd who used to indulge their
humour at the expense of Lord H P think themselves favoured by the
society and court the protection of the Duke of B ." (Royal Register, vol. iii,
p. 89). "A handsome, agreeable libertine." (Lady L. Stuart. 1837). Lord
Hervey writes most unfavourably of him, as "absolutely a fool " and a rogue.
" Being as proud as if he had been of any consequence besides what his employ-
ments made him, as vain as if he had some merit, and as necessitous as if he had no
estate, so he was troublesome at Court, hated in the country, and scandalous in his regi-
ment. The dirty tricks he played to cheat the Government of men, or his men of
half-a-crown, were things unknown to any Colonel but his Grace, no griping Scotsman
excepted." (Memoirs of the Reign of George II, vol. i, pp. 210-II). The above
mentioned " dirty tricks " are alluded to in a squib of the time,
" Now Bolton comes with beat of drums,
Tho' fighting be his lothing,
He much dislikes both pikes and guns.
But relishes the clothing." V.G.
BOLTON 215
K.B. 27 Aug. and inst. 2 Dec. 1753. Lieut, of the Tower of London
1754-60; P.C. 22 Dec. 1758; Lord Lieut, of Hants 1758-63; Bearer
of the Crown of the Queen Consort at the coronation, 22 Sep. 1761. He
d. unm.,(^) having shot himself at his house in Grosvenor Sq., 5, and was
bur. 10 July 1765, at Basing, aged 46. Will dat. 4 June 1763 to 3 Oct.
1764, pr. 12 July 1765, and again 29 Apr. 1771.
VL 1765 6. Harry (Powlett), Duke of Bolton [1689], Mar-
io QUESS OF Winchester [i 55 i], Earl of Wiltshire [i 550],
1794. and Baron Saint John [1559], Premier Marquess, br. and
)\.,b. 6 Nov. 1720; ed. at Winchester 1728-29. Lieut.
Royal Navy 1739, Capt. at the siege of Carthagena ('') in 1743; Rear
Adm. 1756; Vice Adm. 1759; Adm. of the Blue 1770; Admiral of the
White, 1775; M.P. (Whig) for Christchurch 1751-1754; for Lymington
1755-61, and for Winchester 1761-65; P.C. 10 Dec. 1766; Governor
of the Isle of Wight 1766-70, and 1782-91 ; Vice Admiral of Hants
and Dorset 1767; Lord Lieut, of Hants 1782 till his death. He w.,
istly, 7 May 1752, at St. George's Chapel, Mayfair, Mary,('') da. of
( — ) MuNN', of Eltham, Kent. She d. at Bath, 31 May, and was
bur. 8 June 1764, as '■'■Lady Pallet^' at Eltham. He w., 2ndly, 8 Apr.
1765, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Katharine, yst. sister of James, ist Earl
of Lonsdale, da. of Robert Lowther, Governor of Barbados, by Katharine,
da. of Sir Joseph Pennington, Bart. He d. 25 Dec. 1794, s.p.m.^i^) at
Hackwood, Hants, and was bur. 2 Jan. 1795, ^^ Basing. M.I. At his death
the Dukedom of Bolton became extinct, but all the other honours devolved
on his distant cousin and h. male, George Powlett, of Amport, Hants. See
"Winchester," Marquessate of, cr. 1551, under the 12th Marquess.
Will dat. 7 Dec. 1793, P^- ^ J^"- '795 ^"'^ '7 -^"g- 1809. His widow
(^) His illegit. da. became, on the death of the last Duke, s.p.m. (in 1794), heiress
to Bolton and other considerable estates, being then wife of Thomas Orde, afterwards
Orde-Powlett, cr. Baron Bolton in 1797.
C') He is not very favourably described by Smollett, being the " Capt. Whiffle "
depicted in Roderick Random. He figures in 1778, with a Miss Sparks, as "Admiral
Sternpost and Miss Sp . . ks," in the notorious tete-a-tete portraits in the Toiun and
Country Mag., vol. x, p. 289. See N. (jf Q., loth Ser., vol. iv, pp. 344 and 464, on
which latter page it is shown why he was called " Old Sternpost." G.E.C. See also
Appendix B to the last volume of this work. " A silly, brutal, proud man, yet whose
valour was . . . problematical." (H. Walpole, Dec. 1778). V.G.
f^) Not Henrietta A'^unn, as usually stated. V.G.
('^) The Duke left three daughters, who as representatives of the Ist Marquess of
Winchester, himself a coh. of the Barony of St. John of Basing, are coheirs (as to the
third part) of that Barony. One of these d. unm., while the eldest da. (by the 1st
wife) was mother of the 6th Earl of Sandwich; and the yst. da. (by the and
wife) was mother of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Dukes of Cleveland. See next page,
note " a."
2i6 BOLTON
d. in Grosvenor Sq., 2i, and was bur. 29 Mar. 1809, ^^ Basing, aged 73.
Will(^) pr. July 1809.
BARONY. I. Thomas Orde-Powlett, of Hackwood Park,
y Hants, formerly Thomas Orde, 2nd s. of John O., of
797' 'Ezst Orde and Morpeth, by his 2nd wife, Anne, da. of
Ralph Marr, of Morpeth, was b. 30 Aug., and bap. 2 Oct. 1740, at Mor-
peth; ed. at Eton and at King's Coll. Cambridge, of which he] was some-
time Fellow. B.A. 1770, M.A. 1773; Auditor of the Duchy of Lancaster
1772-74, and Receiver Gen. thereof 1774 till his death; F.S.A. 23 Feb.
1775. He was M.P. (Tory) for Aylesbury C") 1780-84; for Harwich
1784-96, as also for Rathcormick [I.] 1784-90; Under Home Sec. Apr.
to July 1782; Sec. to the Treasury 1782-83 ;(•=) P.C. [I.] 24 Feb.
1784; Sec. to the Lord Lieut. [L] 1784-87; P.C. [G.B.] 23 Nov. 1785;
a Member of the Board of Trade 1786 till his death; Governor of the
Isle of Wight 1791-1807. Lord Lieut, of Hants 1800 till his
death. Having m., 7 Apr. 1778, at St. Marylebone, "Jean Mary
Browne-Powlett," usually called Miss Powlett,('^) illegit. da. of Charles
(Powlett), 5th Dure of Bolton, by "Mrs. Mary Browne Banks,"('^)
and having in right of his said wife, on the death of the last Duke
of Bolton in 1794, sue. to Bolton Castle and other estates, took by Royal
lie, 7 Jan. 1795, for himself and issue, the surname oi Powlett after that of
Orde, and was cr., 20 Oct. 1797, BARON BOLTON OF BOLTON
CASTLE, CO. York, taking his seat 3 Nov. following. He d. at Hack-
wood Park, 30 July, and was bur. 8 Aug. 1807, at Old Basing, Hants,
aged 66. (^) Will pr. Aug. 1807. His widow ^. at the Hot Wells, Bristol, 14,
and was bur. 24 Dec. 1814, at Old Basing, aged St,. Will pr. Feb. 18 15.
(*) Under her will, her grandson, William John Frederick Vane, afterwards
Powlett, (who in 1864 sue. as 3rd Duke of Cleveland), inherited very considerable
property.
C") Though he always supported Lord North, yet he took office with the Whigs
under Rockingham and Shelburne; afterwards opposing the Coalition and becoming
a staunch adherent of Pitt. V.G.
Q He is thus satirised in the Rolliad:
" Tall and erect, unmeaning, mute and pale,
O'er his blank face no gleams of thought prevail."
"A cold, cautious, slow and sententious man, tolerably well informed, but not at
all talented, with a mind neither powerful nor feeble." [Decline and Fall of the Irish
Nation, by Sir Jonah Barrington). V.G.
(■*) These are so named in the will of Charles, Duke of Bolton, dat. 4 June to 23
Nov. 1763, by which he devised considerable estates to the former (his da.) in the event
(which took place in 1794) of the death of his br., Lord Harry Powlett, afterwards
6th and last Duke of Bolton, without male issue.
(') He was a capable etcher and caricaturist.
BOLTON 217
II. 1807. 2. William Powlett (Orde - Powlett), Baron
Bolton of Bolton Castle, formerly William Powlett
Orde, ist s. and h., b. 31 Oct., and bap. 8 Dec. 1782, at St. James's,
Westm. ; ed. at King's Coll. Cambridge. iVI.P. (Tory) for Yarmouth
(Isle of Wight) Apr. to July 1 807. He m., 8 May 1 8 10, at Bisham, Berks,
Maria, ist da. of Guy (Carleton), ist Baron Dorchester, by Mary,
3rd da. of Thomas (Howard), Earl of Effingham. He d. s.p., at
Hackwood Park, 13, and was bur. 20 July 1850, at Old Basing, aged 67.
Will pr. Aug. 1850. His widow, who was b. in the Chateau St. Louis, at
Quebec, 20 Aug. 1777, d. at Odiham Rectory, Hants, 16, and was bur.
23 Nov. 1863, at Old Basing, in her 87th year,
III. 1850. 3. William Henry (Orde-Powlett), Baron Bolton
OF Bolton Castle, nephew and h., being 2nd but ist
surv. s. and h. of Thomas Powlett Orde-Powlett, of Bolton Hall, in
the North Riding of co. York, by Letitia, illegit. da. of Henry O'Brien,
of Blatherwick Park, Northants, which Thomas Powlett was br. to the
last Lord, and d. v.f., 31 Jan. 1843, ^g^d 56. He was b. in Weymouth
Str., 24 Feb., and bap. 7 Mar. 1 8 1 8, at St. Marylebone. A Conservative
in politics. Hew., 12 Mar. 1844, at Eastwood, Notts, Letitia, yst. da. of
Robert Crawfurd, of Newfield, co. Ayr. She d. 4 Jan. 1882, aged 57.
He d. 7 Nov. 1895, aged 77, at Bolton Hall, and was bur. at Wensley.
Will pr. at ;^224,590.
IV. 1895. 4- William Thomas (Orde-Powlett), Baron
Bolton of Bolton Castle [1787], ist s. and h.; b.
31 Jan. 1845, a* Bolton Hall afsd., and bap. there privately. Ed. at
Eton; matric. at Cambridge (Trin. Coll.) Lent 1864. Cornet of Hussars
1862. F.S.A. 26 Nov. 1903. A Conservative in politics. He ;«.,
13 Aug. 1868, at Maltby, Algitha Frederica Mary, ist da. of Richard
George (Lumlev), 9th Earl of Scarbrough, by Frederica Mary Adeliza,
da, of Andrew Robert Drummond. She was b. 23 Nov. 1847, at Tickhill
Castle.
Family Estates. — These, in i 883, consisted of 15,413 acres in the North
Riding of Yorkshire, and of 13,808 in Hants. Total, 29,221 acres, being
of the annual value of ^zjy^^z. Principal Residences. — Hackwood Park,
near Basingstoke, Hants, and Bolton Hall, near Bedale, co. York.
"ScROPE OF Bolton," see " Scrope" Barony, cr. 1371, under the date
of 1 44 1,
BOLTON CASTLE
See " Bolton of Bolton Castle, co. York," Barony {Orde-Powlett), cr.
1797.
29
2i8 BONVILLE
BOLTOUN
z.if."THiRLESTANE AND BoLTouN," Barony [S.](M'«///tf«^), see "Lauder-
dale," Earldom of [S.], cr. 1624.
BONKILL
i.e. " Douglas of Bonkill, Prestoun and Robertoun," Barony [S.]
{Douglas), see "Douglas," Dukedom of [S.], cr. 1703; extinct 1761.
BONVILLE (of Chewton)
BARONY BY i. William Bonville, of Chewton, Somerset,(')
WRIT. s. and h. of John B., by Elizabeth, da. and h. of John
. FiTz Roger, of Chewton afsd., was b. at Shute, near
449- Colyton, co. Devon, 30 Aug. 1393, sue. his grandfather,
Sir William Bonville, of Shute, 14 Feb. 1407/8 (who had m. Alice
{Inq.p. m. 1425-6), and survived John B. abovenamed, his s. and h. ap.),
and sue. his mother in the lands of Chewton, i^c., 15 Apr. 141 4. He was
knighted before 141 7, being then with the army in France. Sheriff of
Devon 1423. Seneschal of Aquitaine 7 Jan. 1442/3, for 12 months.
From 10 Mar. (1448/9) 27 Hen. VI to 30 July (1460) 38 Hen. VI, he
was sum. to Pari., by writs directed (mostly) tVillelmo Bonville domino
Bonville et de Chuton,(^) whereby he is held to have become LORD
BONVILLE. Nom. K.G. 8 Feb. 1 460/1, at a Chapter held at the
Bishop of London's Palace, near St. Paurs.('^) Having joined the
fortunes of the House of York, he was, after the Lancastrian victory
at St. Albans, 17 Feb. 1 460/1, executed the next day, by order of
Margaret, the Queen Consort, in spite of a promise of safety from
the King. He m., istly, Margaret ('^) (who was living 15 Kal. May
1426). He w., 2ndly, "/>«" verba pnrsenti, non tamen in facie ecclesia"
(bull confirming the marriage 9 Oct. 1427), ('^) Elizabeth, widow of John,
(^) See a good account of this family by Sir John Maclean, in his Trigg Minor,
corrected by B. W. Greenfield in N. & Q., 5th Ser., vol. viii, p. 430, and ante.
See also Halliday's Porlock Monuments, 1882.
('') There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
1^) See note siih Richard, Earl of Warwick [1449].
(<*) She is generally said to be "da. and h. of ( — ) Merriet." See Maclean's
Trigg Minor; but this is apparently a mistake for the wife of Lord Bonville's grandfather,
i.e., Margaret, da. of Sir William d'Aumarle, cousin and h. of Sir John Meriet, junior,
which Margaret^. 25 May 1399. Margaret, ist wife of Sir William Bonville, con-
veyed, with her husband, the manors of Great Glen, co. Leicester, and of Yelverton
and Sokes, Somerset, to feoffees, i Hen. VI.
(f) She had stood sponsor to a da. of Lord Bonville by his ist wife, so the marriage
would have been void on the ground of spiritual affinity if not confirmed by the
Pope. See Register of Edmund Lacy, Bishop of Exeter (1417-55). {ex inform.
Winslow Jones). V.G.
BONVILLE 219
Lord Harington (who d. 11 Feb. 1417/8), da. of Edward (Courtenay),
Earl of Devon, by Maud, da. of Thomas Camoys. He d. aged 67, being
beheaded as afsd. 18 Feb. 1 460/1, but never attainted, as within 3 weeks of
his death the Yorkist King was enthroned. Inq. p. ni. i Edw. IV.
Admon. 17 July 1 461, at Lambeth. His widow, for her husband's services,
was assigned a large dower. She<^. s.p., 18 Oct. 1471. Inq. p.m. 1 1 Edw. IV.f)
IL 1 46 1. 2. Cecily (or Cicely), suo jure. Baroness
Harington and Baroness Bonville, great-grand-
daughter and h., being da. and h. of William (Bonville), Lord
Harington, (*') by Catharine, da. of Richard (Nevill), Earl of
Salisbury, which William was s. and h. ap. of William Bonville, who
was s. and h. ap. of Lord Bonville by his ist wife.C') She had sue.
her father, 3 1 Dec. 1460, in the Barony of Harington, he being grand-
son and h. (10 Mar. 1457/8) ex parte maternd of William (Harington),
Lord Harington. She was aged 13 in 1474, and w., istly, before Apr.
1475, Thomas (Grey), ist Marquess of Dorset, who d. 20 Sep.
1 50 1. She w., 2ndly, Henry (Stafford), Earl of Wiltshire, who
d. 6 Mar. 1523. She d. before 2 June 1530, and was ^«r. at Astley,
CO. W^arwick. Her will, in which she styles herself /;//cr(Z&z "Lady
Haryngton and Bonvyll," dat. 6 May 1527, pr. 5 Nov. 1530.
in. 1530. 3. Thomas (Grey), Marquess OF Dorset, Lord
(June) Ferrers of Groby, Lord Harington, and Lord
Bonville, s. and h. He d. 10 Oct. 1530.
IV. 1530 4. Henry (Grey), Marquess of Dorset, Lord
(Oct.) Ferrers of Groby, Lord Harington and Lord
to Bonville was, on 11 Oct. 1551, cr. Duke of
1554. Suffolk. Attainted and beheaded 23 Feb. 1554,
when all his honours heczvae forfeited.
C/5
fD
T3
■-I
C
f6
n
o
BOPHIN
i.e. " BouRKE of Bophin,() co. Galway," Barony [I.] (Bourke), a:
2 Apr. 1 689, by James II after his deposition from the English throne.('^)
See "Clanricarde," Earldom of [I.], cr. 1543, under the 9th Earl.
(*) Joan and Eleanor Courtenay, daujjhters of Thomas, Earl of Devon, son of
Hugh Courtenay, Earl of Devon, her br., were found to be her next heirs and of full age.
C') Lord Bonville "was an eye witness of the death of [William] his only son,
and of [William] Lord Harrington, his grandchild by him, both being slain 31 [Dec.
1460] at the battle of Wakefield." See Camden's Britannia.
(^) He was taken prisoner at the battle of Aughrim, 12 July 1691. See ante,
p. 102, note "a."
(^) For a list of these Jacobite Peerages, see vol. i, Appendix F.
220
BORINGDON
BORINGDON and BORINGDON OF NORTH
MOLTON
BARONY. I. John Parker, 2nd, but ist surv. s. and h. of
J J, John P., of North Molton and Boringdon, Devon,
' "*■ by Catharine, 2nd da. of John (Poulett), ist Earl
PouLETT, /!-. at Saltram, Devon; matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 23 Oct. 1753,
being then aged 18; sue. his father 18 Apr. 1768, was M.P.Q for Bodmin
1761-62, and for Devon 1762-84. On 18 May 1784, he was cr.
BARON BORINGDON OF BORINGDON, co. Devon. He m., istly,
10 Jan. 1764, Frances, da. of Josiah Hort, Archbishop of Tuam, by
Elizabeth, da. of William (Fitz Maurice), Lord Kerry [I.]. She d. s.p.,
1764, at Naples. He m., 2ndly, 18 May 1769, at Twickenham, Midx.,
Theresa, 2nd da. of Thomas (Robinson), i st Baron Grantham, by Frances,
da. of Thomas Worsley. She, who was l^. i Jan. 1744/5, at Vienna,
^. 2 1 Dec. 1775, and was bur. at Plimpton St. Mary, Devon. He d. 27 Apr.
1788, at his seat in Devon, aged about 53. Will pr. June 1788.
II. 1788.
VISCOUNTCY.
I. 1815.
2. John (Parker), Baron Boringdon, only s. and
h. by 2nd wife, b. 3 May 1772. On 29 Nov. 18 15 he
was cr. VISCOUNT BORINGDON OF NORTH
MOLTON, CO. Devon, and EARL OF MORLEY.
See " MoRLEY," Earldom of, cr. 1815.
BORLAND
Borland, Marquessate, see Castelbianco, Dukedom, cr. 4
1 7 16/7, by the titular James III; and vol. i. Appendix F.
Feb.
BORLASE
Humphrey Borlase, s. and h. of Nicholas Borlase {d. 1677), of
Treludro, Cornwall, by Catharine, da. of ( — ) Bury. He commanded
a Regt. of Foot against the Rom. Cath. Irish rebels in 1643. ^^ ^^^
M.P. for St. Michael, 1660-61 {v.p.) and (again) 1673-79, and (on a
double return) 1681; and was Sheriff of Cornwall 1687-88. He is said
to have been cr.(^) by James II, after his expuIsion,('') LORD BOR-
LASE OF BORLASE AND BARON OF MITCHEL, co. Cornwall.
He m. (settl. 3 June 1663) Anne, da. of Sir John Winter, of Lydney,
CO. Gloucester. He d. s.p.s., 1 709, and was bur. at Newlyn, Cornwall,
when any titular Peerage that he may have held is presumed to have
become extinct. Will dat. 20 Jan. 1704, pr. i Dec. 1709.
(^) He was a Whig until 1783, after which he supported Pitt. V.G.
('') Hals, in his Cornwall {circa 1750), says By letters patent yet extant.
("=) For a list of Jacobite Peerages see vol. i, Appendix F.
BOROUGH 221
BOROUGH (of Gainsborough)
See "Burgh" Barony (by writ) rr. 1487. The third Lord was sum. to
the House of Lords 2 Dec. (1529) 21 Hen. VIII, by writ directed Thome
Borough de Gciynesboro, and was so sum. during that reign, excepting on
28 Apr. (1539) 31 Hen. VIII, when the writ was directed Thome Bourgh.
BORTHWICK
BARONY [S.] I. William Borthwick, s. and h. of Sir Wm. B.,
J of Borthwick Castle,('') Midlothian, by (according to
^^ ' some) a da. of Sir Thomas Hay, of Lochorwart, was
knighted v.p., Oct. 1430; sue. his father in or before 1439, and was
cr. a Lord of Parl-.C) LORD BORTHWICK [S.], at a Pari, held in
Edinburgh, 12 June i452.('') He is described as Lord Borthwick in two
crown charters of 1454. He was living 14 Mar. 1457/8, and apparently in
1467. His name, or possibly that of his successor ('') appears in Pari.
17 June 1455 to 4 Oct. 1469, and as Ambassador to England 1459 and
1 46 1.
II. 1470 .' 2. William (Borthwick), Lord Borthwick [S.], s.
and h.(^) His name appears as Ambassador to England
1 47 1 and 1473. He m. (gift of marriage dat. 21 Nov. 1458) Mariot
Hoppringle, widow. She was living Christmas 1473. He d. between
6 Oct. 1483 and 7 Feb. 1483/4.
III. 1483 3. William (Borthwick), Lord Borthwick [S.], s.
or and h.('^) He was knighted v.p. He was one of the
1484. Guarantors of a treaty with England 20 Sep. 1484, and
one of the Conservators of similar treaties 30 Sep. 1497
(") This was built and fortified by him (from whom it received its name), under
warrant from James I, dat. 2 June 1 430, on lands in the moat of Lochorwart,
formerly belonging to the family of Hay. It was sold towards the end of the 17th
cent., and, after passing through various hands, was bought, in 1812, by John Borth-
wick of Crookston, an unsuccessful claimant to the peerage, by whose family this
massive keep is still (1911) inhabited.
C") As to " Lords of Parliament," see note iub Alan, Lord Cathcart [1452 ?].
('^) No instrument creating the dignity is extant, but it appears from the evidence
before the House of Lords in 1870, that this Peerage was not existing in 1450, but
was so in 1455. In the protest of 1763 and elsewhere, the date of the Peerage is
erroneously given as 1424, being attributed to Sir William B., the founder of
Borthwick Castle. See post, p. 225, note "a."
('') The accounts of the first 4 Lords are very obscure, and that given in Scots
Peerage points to there not being very much advance in precision possible over the
one appearing in the 1st edition of this work. It is conceivable that the first 2 Lords
in the text may be in fact the same man, but in that case this man must have lived
to a great age. A Lord Borthwick is said to have been slain at Flodden 9 Sep. 1513,
but this is unlikely; probably the 4th Lord in the text fought and was wounded at that
battle. For a list of the peers there slain see vol. v, Appendix D. V.G.
222 BORTHWICK
and 12 July 1499. A Lord Auditor 1484 and 1485; he was Master of
the Household to James III, 1485 ; P.C. [S.] 1489. He d. 20 May 1503.
IV. 1503. 4. William (Borthwick.), Lord Borthwick [S.],(')
s. and h., to whom, after the defeat of Flodden, the com-
mand of Stirling Castle, containing the infant King, was entrusted. On
7 Oct. 1 5 17 he sealed the treaty with England. On 21 Aug. 1538 he
settled his lands in strict tail male with an ultimate rem. to his heirs male
whatsoever bearing the name and arms of Borthwick. He w., in 1491,
Margaret, da. of John (Hay), Lord Hay of Tester [S.]. He d. between
28 May 1543 and 19 Feb. 1543/4-
[Thomas or Arthur ('') Borthwick, styled Master of Borthwick., s.
and h. ap. He ;k. Mariot, da. of George (Seton), 3rd Lord Seton [S.],
by Janet, ist da. of Patrick (Hepburn), ist Earl of Bothwell [S.] ; which
marriage was annulled by the Pope, on account of consanguinity, before
Feb. 1 530/1. C^) He d. s.p. and v.p., before 21 Aug. 1538.]
V. 1543. 5- John (Borthwick.), Lord Borthwick [S.], 2nd,
but only surv. s. and h., served h. in 1543/4. He fought
at Ancrum Moor, Mar. 1544/5. P.C. [S.] 1545. He opposed the Re-
formation of i56o,('^) and assisted the Queen Regent against the Lords
of the Congregation. He m., before 1544, Isobel, da. of David (Lindsay),
Earl of Crawford [S.], by his 3rd wife, Isobel Lundy. He d. Mar.
1565/6. His widow m. George Preston, of Cameron, and d. 15 Nov.
1577. Will dat. 10 Nov. 1577, pr. 27 Apr. 1580, at Edinburgh.
VI. 1566. 6. William (Borthwick), Lord Borthwick [S.], s.
and h.; was a zealous supporter of Mary, Queen of
Scotland, whom, with the Earl of Bothwell, he entertained in June 1567.
He m., before 1570, Grissel, da. of Sir Walter Scott, of Branxholm and
Buccleuch, by his 2nd wife, Janet, da. of John Betoun, of Creich. The
marriage proved unhappy, and proceedings were instituted against her
I 5 Jan. I 579/80, for an alleged intrigue, but were abandoned. On 24 Sep.
I 58 1, she lodged a complaint against him for desertion and cruelty. He
was of "yll government," and d. "of the French disease" Oct. 1 582, in the
Canongate, at Edinburgh, where his will was pr. 29 Jan. 1583/4. His
widow ;«., before 1593, Walter Cairncross, of Colmslie.
(*) See previous page, note "d."
(•=) His christian name, unknown to J. P. Wood, who guesses "William" (see
Douglas, vol. ii, p. 654), is given in The History of the House of Seton, by Sir Richard
Maitland, as "Arthur," and in Pitcairn, vol. i, p. 242, as " Thomas."
('^) She m. at that date Hugh (Montgomery), 2nd Earl of Eglintoun [S.].
l"^) The Earl of Atholl, Lord Somervill and he alone voting against the Confession
of Faith in Pari., and declaring that they would believe as their fathers before them
had believed (Scots Peerage). V.G.
BORTHWICK 223
[William Borthwick, ityled Master of Borthwick, s. and h. ap. He
d. unm. and v.p.^ 17 Mar. 1 570/1.]
VII. 1582. 7. James (Borthwick), Lord Borthwick [S.], 2nd,
but only surv. s. and h., b. 24 June 1 57o.(^) Classed as a
Protestant in 1592. P.C. [S.] 1594 and 1595/6. He w., 1582, Margaret,
da. of William (Hay), Lord Hay of Yester [S.], by Mary, da. of John
(Maxwell), Lord Herries [S.]. He d. Dec. 1599, aged 29.
VIII. 1599. 8. John (Borthwick), Lord Borthwick [S.], only s.
and h., charged to enter h. in 1602, and was served h. in
the Barony of Borthwick 4 July 1621. He w., before 161 6, Lilias, da. of
Mark (Kerr), ist Earl of Lothian [S.], by Margaret, da. of John (Max-
well), Lord Herries [S.]. He d. Nov. i623.('') His widow d. 10 July
1659.
IX. 1623 9. John (Borthwick), Lord Borthwick [S.], only s.
to and h., ^. 9 Feb. 161 5/6, at Prestongrange, the seat of his
1674 maternal grandfather. He held his Castle of Borthwick
or against the Protector Cromwell, with whose summons to
1675. surrender, 18 Nov. 1650, he complied on honourable
terms. He »;., 23 Aug. 1649, Elizabeth, (who was b.
6 Sep. 1633) 2nd da. of William (Kerr), Earl of Lothian [S.], by Anne,
suo jure Countess of Lothian [S.]. He d. s.p.,(f) between 13 Mar.
1673/4, and 27 Nov. i675,('^') aged about 58.
■Jjf ifc # -Stt ■#■ ^
After his death the title was dortnant ior 90 years, till adjudged in 1 762.
Those who had a right to it during that interval appear to have been as under.
[X. 1674 10. William Borthwick, of Soltray, de jure Lord
or Borthwick [S.], but who never assumed the title, cousin
1675. and h. male, s. and h. of William B. (forfeited by Pari.
14 July i6o4(^) and d. 1640), the s. and h. of another
William B., s. and h. of William B., the s. and h. of William B., (all five
being of Soltray afsd.) which last William was s. and h. of Alexander B.,
(^) In the list of Scottish nobles, 1583, he is called "a child of 14 years old, yet
m. to the Lord Tester's daughter." He appears to have been a riotous, violent, and
extravagant young man. V.G.
Q') The King writes, 24 Apr. 1623, that he has heardof his "pitiful estate" pecuni-
arily. V.G.
C^) His nephew and h., John Dundas, s. and h. of his sister, succeeded him in the
Castle of Borthwick and other lands.
(^) Scots Peerage.
(') This was under an Act of 1587, because he "contra honorem et officium
viri generosi " had violently abducted four horses from a stable, whereby he was
found to have "tynt his fame, honour and dignitie." {Acts of Part. ^ vol. iv, pp. 265-7).
V.G.
224 BORTHWICK
of Nenthorn,(*) next br. to William, Lord Borthwick, who d. (as
abovementioned) in 1503. He was a Major in the army. He m., 28 Apr.
1665, at Duddingston, Marion Moorhead. He was apparently living
7 June 1687, when his yst. child, Robert, was bap.^ and d. before 28 June
1690.]
[XI. 1689? II. William Borthwick, of Soltray and Johnston-
burn, de jure Lord Borthwick. [S.], but who never
assumed the title, only surv. s. and h., bap. 8 Feb. 1666. Capt. in the
Cameronian regt. 1689, and a Colonel in the army. He m. Jean, da.
of Robert Ker, of Kersland. He d. s.p., being slain at the battle of
Ramillies, 12/23 May 1706, and was bur. on the field.]
[Xn. 1706 12. Henry Borthwick, of Pilmuir, de Jure Lord
23 May. Borthwick [S.], cousin and h. male, being s. and h. of
William B. of Pilmuir, the s. and h. of Alexander B. (by
Sibilla, da. and h. of William Cairns, of Pilmuir afsd.), which Alexander
was yr. s. of William B., the s. and h. of W^illiam B., s. and h. of another
William B., and s. and h. of a 5th William B. (all five of Soltray, afsd.),
the last William B. being s. and h. of Alexander B. of Nenthorn above-
named, next br. to William, Lord Borthwick, who d. 1503. He m. Mary,
da. of Sir Robert Pringle, of Stitchill, ist Bart. [S.], by Margaret, da. of
Sir John Hope, 2nd Bart. [S.]. He was mortally wounded at the battle
of Ramillies, 12/23, and d*. 16/27 May 1706.]
[XIII. 1706 13. William Borthwick, of FWmuir, de Jure Lord
27 May. Borthwick [S.], s. and h. He d. s.p., before 28 Nov.
1723-]
XIV. [1723.^ 14. Henry (Borthwick), Lord Borthwick [S.], br.
and] and h., who in 1727 was served h. male gen. to the first
j_g2 Lord. In 1734 and at subsequent elections he voted for
the election of Scottish Rep. Peers, but on 14 Dec.
1 76 1 was (with others) prohibited therefrom by the
^772- House of Lords till his title had been allowed. This was
done 8 Apr. 1762 by the House to whom the petition
had been referred on 29 Jan. previous. C") On 10 Jan. 1763, at the
(*) J. H. Round writes : " Riddell has vehemently denounced the decision of
1762, on the ground that this Alexander was illegitimate, though the evidence
proving the fact was not brought before the House till the later case in 1 808 and
181 2. He asserts that his style was 'Alexander Borthwick in Johnstone' (in the
parish of Keith, East Lothian), but that he was granted some husband lands in
Nenthorn in 1489 {Peerage and Consistorial Law, pp. 580-594)." V.G.
C") Riddell, commenting on Lord Mansfield's statement that "theCrown supplied
the Claimant with money to prosecute his right," observes that " The remarkable
intervention of the Crown in this instance, for political and electioneering views, it
must be confessed, was rather partial and indecent." {Peerage and Conuitorial Laiv,
pp. 579-580; ex inform. J. H. Round). V.G.
BORTHWICK 225
election of Scottish Rep. Peers, he protested for precedence as "the oldest
Lord Baron in Scotland," having been found heir male of the body of the
first Lord Borthwick, " who does appear to have been Nobilitate about the
year i424."('') He ?»., 5 Mar. 1770, at Edinburgh, Margaret, da. of
George Drummond, of Broich, co. Stirling. He d. s.p., at Newcastle,
6 Sep., and was bur. 8 Oct. 1772, at Greyfriars, Edinburgh, aged 83.
Burial reg. 9 Oct. 1772, at St. Nicholas', Newcastle. His widow J. between
8 Oct. 1 8 10 and 23 Apr. 1812.
******
After his death the title was, again, dormant for 98 years till adjudged in
1870. Those who had a right to it during that interval appear to have
been as under.
[XV. 1772. 15. Patrick Borthwick, de jure Lord Borthwick
Sep. [S.], cousin and h. male, being s. and h. of Archibald B.,
Minister of Polwarth, the only s. who left issue, of
Andrew B., of Sauchnell, who was s. and h. of Alexander B. of the same,
yr. br. of William B. of Soltray (ancestor of the Peer whose claim was
allowed in 1762), both being sons of another William B., s. and h. of a 3rd
William B., s. and h. of a 4th William B., all of Soltray afsd., which last
William B. was s. and h. of Alexander B. of Nenthorn abovenamed, next
br. to William, Lord Borthwick, who d. 1503. He was a merchant in
Leith. He m. Marion Scott. He d. 6 Oct. 1772.]
[XVI. 1772. 16. Archibald Borthwick, ii'^yartf Lord Borthwick,
Oct. only s. and h., b. 13 May 1732, at Inveresk; sometime
of Christiansund, in Norway, merchant, but afterwards
of Edinburgh. Being in Norway, he took no steps to establish his claim till
1807, when he presented a petition C") with that object. His claim was
(*) Evidently meaning that thePeerage was conferred on Sir William B., the founder
of Borthwick Castle, who was father of William, made a Lord of Pari. (Lord Borth-
wick) in 1452, with whom the peerage apparently originated. The position proved
for this Barony at " the decreet of ranking " [S.], 5 Mar. 1606, was but the 20th out
of the 37 Baronies then existing, and would indicate " 1484 " rather than " 1424 " as
the proved date (then allowed) of its existence. See ante, p. 221, note "c."
C") His claim was unsuccessfully opposed by John Borthwick of Crookston, co.
Edinburgh [whose father in 1773 had presented a petition claiming the Peerage, but
had been discharged from assuming the title 25 Nov. 1776], which John, according
to the pedigree prefixed to the case, was the direct male representative, through
ten generations, of John B. of Crookston, who acquired that estate in 1446, and who
was alleged to be second son of the first Lord Borthwick. G.E.C.
In the course of the proceedings the Lord Advocate expressed suspicion that a
Charter of 1446 and a Letter of Reversion of 1458, on which the claimant relied, had
been altered since their execution ; this was later on proved to be the case, in the
Court of Session, certain material words being pronounced to be " a forgery and
fabrication." V.G.
30
226 BORTHWICK
before the House in 1808-10, and 1812-13. Hew., 17 Apr. 1777, at
Edinburgh, Margaret Nicholson, da. of James Scott, Clerk to the Signet.
He d. 13 July 18 15, aged 83. His widow d. 8 Dec. 1833.]
[XVII. 1815. 17. Patrick. BoRTHwicK, de jure Lord Borthwick
[S.], s. and h., b. 12 Sep. 1779; sometime manager of
the National Bank of Scotland, Edinburgh. He claimed the peerage
8 Apr. I 8 16. He w;., 13 Nov. 1804, at Glasgow, Ariana, 2nd da, of Cun-
ninghame Corbet, of Tolcross, and of Glasgow, Merchant. She d. 30 Dec.
1836. He d. 12, and was bur. 16 Apr. 1840, at Greyfriars, aged 60.]
[XVIII. 1840. 18. Archibald Borthwick., de jure Lord Borth-
wick [S.], s. and h., b. 31 Aug. 181 1. He w., i Aug.
1840, Mary Louisa, da. of John Home Home, of Longformacus. He d.
s.p.m.s.,2 July 1863. His widow d. 22 Nov. 1868.]
XIX. [1863 19. CUNNINGHAME (BoRTHWICk), LoRD BoRTHWICK
and] [S.], br. and h. male, b. 6, and bap. 17 June 18 13, at East
1870. Leith. Ed. at the High School, and at the Univ. of
Edinburgh. Sometime in business in Leith and Glasgow,
and from 1853 to 1877, a member of the London Stock Exchange.
He purchased the estate of Ravenstone, co. Wigtown, in 1870. His claim
to the Peerage was allowed 5 May 1870. He protested for precedence
4 Aug. 1870. F.S.A. 25 May 1871. When a peer he was a Conservative.
Rep. Peer [S.] i 880 till his death. He m., 1 8 July i 865, Harriet Alice, da.
of Thomas Hermitage Day, of Frinsbury, Kent, and of Rochester, Banker.
He d. 24 Dec. i885,('') at Ravenstone Castle, co. Wigtown. His widow
living 191 1.
XX. 1885 20. Archibald Patrick Thomas (Borthwick), Lord
to Borthwick, s. and h., b. 3 Sep. 1867, in 17 Queen Str.,
1 9 10. Mayfair. Ed. at Glenalmond, and at Ch. Ch. Oxford.
Rep. Peer[S.] 1906 till his death. Partner in the firm of
Borthwick, W^ark &' Co., Stockbrokers, London. In politics he was a Con-
servative. He m., 18 July 1901, at Ardwell, co. Wigtown, Susanna Mary,
4th da. of Sir Mark John McTaggart-Stewart, ist Bart. [1892], by
Marianne Susanna, only child of John Orde Ommaney. He d. after a long
illness, at 2 Upper Grosvenor Str., 4, and was bur. 8 Oct. 19 10, at Kirk-
madryne, Ardwell, when the Peerage became extinct or dormant. i^) His
widow living 191 1.
(*) His death was only a few days subsequent to his re-election as a Scottish Rep.
Peer, being one of three Peers [S.] who d. within a month of such their election. The
other two were Viscount Strathallan and Lord Saitoun.
C") He was an accomph'shed musician. His only child and h., Isolde Frances, was
b. 2 Feb. 1903. V.G.
BOSTON 227
BOSCAWEN-ROSE
i.e. "BoscAWEN-RosE, Cornwall," Barony (5ojfrtWfK), see "Falmouth,"
Viscountcy, cr. 1720.
BOSCO see BOIS
BOSTON
i.e. " Boston, co. Lincoln," Viscountcy {d' Auverquerque), see " Grant-
ham " Earldom of, cr. 1698; extinct 1754.
BARONY. I. William Irby, only s. and h. of Sir Edward I.,
J ^ Bart., (so cr. 13 Apr. 1704) of Whapload and Boston,
' ■ CO. Lincoln, by Dorothy, sister and coh. of Brigadier
Gen. Thomas Paget, yr. da. of Henry P., was b. 8 Mar.
1706/7; sue. his father 11 Nov. 1718; Page of Honour to George I
27 Feb. 1723/4; to George II 20 Jan. 1727/8; Equerry to the Prince of
Wales 10 Dec. 1728-36; M.P. (Tory) for Launceston 1735-47; Vice
Chamberlain to the Princess of Wales i Aug. 1736-51; M.P. for Bodmin
1747-61; Lord Chamberlain to the Princess Dowager of Wales 1751 till
her death in 1772. He was, on 10 Apr. 1761, cr. BARON BOSTON of
Boston, CO. Lincoln. Chairman of Committees of the House of Lords
1770-75. He m., 26 Aug. i746,('') Albinia, da. of Henry Selwyn, of
Matson, co. Gloucester, by Ruth, da. of Anthony Compton, of Gainslaw,
Northumberland. She, who was b. 1719, and was sometime Maid of
Honour to the Princess of Wales, d. \ or 2 Apr. 1769, and was bur. at
Whiston, Northants. He d. 30 Mar. 1775, and was bur. at Whiston
afsd., aged 68. Will pr. Apr. 1775.C)
II. 1775. 2. Frederick. (Irby), Baron Boston, s. and h., b.
9 June 1749. Ed. at St. John's Coll. Cambridge; M.A.
1769; cr. D.C.L. (Oxford) 8 July 1763. "F.S.A. 8 Jan. 1778. Lord of
the Bedchamber 1780 till his death. In politics he was a Tory. He »?.,
15 May 1775, Christiana, da. of Paul Methuen, of Corsham, Wilts, by
Catharine, da. and coh. of Sir George Cobb, Bart. Vied. 23 Mar. 1825, in
Lower Grosvenor Str., aged 75. Will pr. May 1825. His widow
d. 9 May 1832. Will pr. June 1832.
III. 1825. 3. George (Irby), Baron Boston, s. and h., b. in
Grosvenor Str., 27 Dec. 1777, and bap. 28 Jan. 1778, the
King (by proxy) being one of the sponsors. Ed. at Eton. Was sometime
(*) Mrs. Delany remarks on the marriage, "She is a lucky girl, for he is a very good
sort of man." V.G.
C") He purchased the manor and estate of Hedsor, Bucks, in 1 764, where his s. and
h., the 2nd Baron, erected the present (191 1) mansion in 1778, built on a higher
elevation than the old manor house.
228 BOSTON
an officer in the army. In politics he was a Tory. He »z., 17 Oct. 1801,
at Catton, Norfolk, Rachel Ives, ist da. and coh. of William Drake, of
Amersham, Bucks, by his 2nd wife, Rachel Elizabeth, only surv. da. and
h. of Jeremiah Ives, of Norwich. She d. 6 Sep. 1830, in Park Crescent,
Maryiebone. He d. 12 Mar. 1856, at Hedsor Lodge, aged 78. Willpr.
May 1856.
IV. 1856. 4. George Ives (Irby), Baron Boston, s. and h., b.
14 Sep. 1802. Matric. at Oxford (Ball. Coll.) i Feb.
1 821; B.A. 1824. In politics he was a Conservative. He w., istly,
25 Jan. 1830, Fanny Elizabeth, ist da. of William Richard Hopkins-
Northey, of Oving House, Bucks, by Anne Elizabeth, da. of Gerald
FoRTESCUE, of Dromiskin, co. Louth. She d. 14 Apr. i860, in Belgrave
Sq. He »2., 2ndly, 20 July 1861, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Caroline Amelia,
1st da. of John St. Vincent (Saumarez), 3rd Baron de Saumarez, by
Caroline Esther, ist da. of William Rhodes, of Bramhope Hall, co. York.
He d. 22 Dec. 1869, at 12 Wilton Crescent, aged 67. Will pr. 6 May
1870, under ;^35,ooo. His widow, who was b. 9 Sep. 1839, living 191 1.
V. 1869. 5. Florance George Henry (Irby), Baron Boston,
1st and only surv. s. and h. by ist wife, b. 9 Mar. 1837;
ed. at Eton. In politics he was a Conservative. He w., 17 Oct. 1859,
at St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, (the sister of his father's 2nd wife, wz.)
Augusta Caroline, 2nd da. of John St. Vincent (Saumarez), 3rd Baron
DE Saumarez, by Caroline Esther, ist da. of William Rhodes, of Bramhope
Hall, CO. York. He d. 4 Jan. 1877, at Portlamel, Anglesea, aged 39.
His widow, who was />. 25 Nov. 1841, w., 16 Apr. 1883, at Hedsor,
Bucks, as his 2nd wife. Sir Henry Percy Anderson, K.C.B., who d. at
53 Eaton Sq., 19 July 1896, aged 65, and was bur. at Hedsor. She was
living 191 1.
VI. 1877. 6. George Florance (Irby), Baron Boston [1761],
and a Baronet [1704], s. and h., b. 6 Sep. i860, at the
Grange, Taplow. Ed. at Eton, and at Ch. Ch. Oxford; B.A. 1882;
M.A. 1886; a Lord in Waiting July 1885 to Feb. 1886. A Conservative in
politics. He »?., 13 Mar. 1890, at Hedsor, his ist cousin, Cecilia Con-
stance, 2nd and yst. da. of the Hon. Augustus Anthony Frederick Irby,
by Jessie Augusta, da. of Sir Thomas Montgomery Cunninghame, 8th
Bart., of Corshill, co. Ayr. She was b. 23 Feb. 1870.
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 9,507 acres in co. Anglesea,
98 in CO. Carnarvon, i,200 in co. Lincoln, 1,103 in co. Warwick, 562 in
Bucks, and 4 in Berks; total 12,474 acres, valued at ^{[15,172 a year.
Principal Residences. — Llandidan, co. Anglesea, and Hedsor Lodge, Maiden-
head, Bucks.
BOTELER 229
BOSWORTH
i.e. "BoswoRTH, CO. Leicester," Barony {Fitz James), see "Berwick,"
Dukedom of, cr. 1687; forfeited 1695.
BOTELER see also under BUTLER
Note. — Three distinct families of this name have been ennobled — viz.:
(i) The illustrious race, early settled in Ireland (of which the Marquess of
Ormond [I.] is chief), which in this work is treated of under Butler,
being the form of spelling most generally adopted by that line ; (2) the
family of Boteler of Warrington, co. Lancaster ; and (3) the family of
Botiler, Boteler, or Botiller of Wem, co. Salop, and of Oversley, co. Warwick,
of which the Botelers of Brantfield, Herts, ennobled in 1628, were a cadet
branch.
BOTELER OF BRANTFIELD
BARONY. I. John Boteler,(^) s. and h. of Sir Henry B. {d.
J , - 20 Jan. 1608/9), of Hatfield Woodall, and of Brantfield,
Herts, by his istwife, Catharine, da. of Robert Waller,
of Hadley, Midx., was knighted at Greenwich, July 1607; aged 43 at his
father's death. He was cr. a Bart. 12 Apr. 1620 by James I. M.P. for
Herts 1625-26. On 30 July 1628 he was cr. BARON BOTELER OF
BRANTFIELD, co. Hertford. He ?«., before 1 609, Elizabeth, da. of Sir
George Villiers, of Brokesby, co. Leicester, by his ist wife, Audrey, da.
and h. of William Saunders, of Harrington, Northants, which Elizabeth
was sister of the half-blood of George, Duke of Buckingham, the all-
powerful favourite of the King. He d. 27 May 1637, at St. Martin's-in-
the-Fields, and was bur. at Higham Gobion, Beds, aged about 71.C') Will
dat. i9May, pr. 29 Nov. 1637. Inq.p. m. at Chipping Barnet, 24 June 1637.
II. 1637 2. William (Boteler), Baron Boteler of Brant-
to field [1628], and 2nd Bart., 6th but only surv. s. andh.,
1647. was found by the afsd. Inq. of 1637 to have been an idiot
from his birth. He d. unm., 1647, when all his honours
became extinct. Admon. 8 Oct. 1664 to his sisters, the Countess of Marl-
borough, and Dame Ellen Drake, widow. ('^)
(*) See pedigree in Clutterbuck's Herts, vol. ii, p. 46, and, with additions and
emendations, in R. E. Chester Waters' Chester of Chicheley, p. 140, ^"c.
C") Sir Henry Boteler, his s. and h. ap. (knighted at Windsor, 7 Sep. 1616), who
was a favourite with his uncle, the Duke of Buckingham, d. v.p., having been sent
with a tutor to Spain in 1617 "to cure him of the disease of drinking, which, young
as he was, he was already much given to." See Chester Waters' Chester of Chicheley,
P- 143-
(^) His six sisters and coheirs "had the good fortune to be marriageable whilst
their uncle, the Duke of Buckingham, was at the height of his power, and had, in
consequence, all married persons of consideration at Court." These were (i) Audrey,
230 BOTELER
BOTELER BOTILLER or BUTILLER (of Warrington)
BARONY BY i. William le Boteler,(^) s. and h. of Henry
WRIT. (who d. v.p.)y and grandson and h. of William le Boteler,
J T2Qf of Warrington, (*") co. Lancaster, (who was Sheriff of
CO. Lane. 1258-59, and Gov. of Lancaster Castle), sue.
his grandfather about 1280, and 14 June (1294) 22 Edw. I, was sum-
moned to attend the King in the French wars in Gascony, and was sum.
to Pari. 23 June (1295) 23 Edw. I, 26 Aug. (1295) ^4 Edw. I, and 6 Feb.
(1298/9) 27 Edw. 1,('') by writs directed Willelmo le Butiller and JVilldmo
le Botiller de JVerington, whereby he may be held to have become LORD LE
BOTILLER. ('') In (1305-06) 34 Edw. I he was in the expedition to Scotland.
VLcd. about 1328. His widow Sibyl and his s. William were living in 1330.
[The accounts of his issue are extremely contradictory, but none of his
descendants (who were settled at Warrington, Bewsey, and elsewhere,
CO. Lancaster) appear to have been sum. to Pari.]
BOTELER, BOTILER or BUTILLER (of Wem)(0
I. William le Botiler of Wem,(') Salop, s. and h. of Ralph le
BoTiLER of Oversley, co. Warwick, by Maud,('^) da. and h. of William
m. Francis (Leigh), Earl of Chichester; (2) Helen, m., 18 May 16 16, Sir John
Drake, of Ash, Devon, and d. his widow 2 Oct. 1666, being mother of Sir John
Drake, cr. a Baronet ; (3) Jane, m. James (Ley), Earl of Marlborough ; (4) Olive, m.,
about 1620, Endymion Porter, Groom of the Bedchamber, and d. his widow 13 Dec.
1663; (5) Mary, m. Edward (Howard), Lord Howard of Escrick ; and (6) Anne, m.
Mountjoy (Blount), Earl of Newport. An account of these sisters and their
descendants is given in Chester Waters' Chester of Ch'icheley.
{") The name was assumed by his ancestor Robert, who held the office of Butler
to Ranulph de Gernon, Earl of Chester, and who founded an abbey for Cistercian
monks at Poulton, co. Chester, in 1 158.
C') The Lordship of Warrington was acquired by the marriage of Beatrice, da. and
h. of Matthew de Vilers, of Warrington, with Richard le Boteler, whose successor,
William le B., was holding it in 121 2. V.G.
(<^) He was also summoned 8 June (1294) 22 Edw. I and 26 Jan. (1296/7)
25 Edw. I, and Nicolas adds : "It is also stated that both this William le Boteler
and William le Boteler of Wemme were summoned 26 Jan. 24 Edw. I 1296/7 (the
other Writ of that year being merely a summons to be at Newcastle with horse and
arms, in which, however, the name of Boteler does not occur), but as the name is
only to be found once in that Writ, and then without any descriptive addition, it is
difficult to determine to which William le Boteler it was directed." As to these
supposed Paris, see Preface.
('') As to how far these early writs of summons did in fact create any Peerage title,
see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
{") The account of the first three men in this article has been kindly contributed
by G. W. Watson. V.G.
(') The arms of the Botilers of Wem were Gules, crusilly Argent, a fesse
countercompony Or and Sable.
(«) She m., 2ndly, before 9 May 1283, Walter de Hopton, of Hopton, Salop
BOTELER
231
Pantulf, of Wem. He sue. his father shortly before 3 July 128 i.('')
He was sum. cum equis et armis, 24 May (1282) 10 Edw. I and 14 Mar.
(1282/3) II Edw. I, and to attend the King at Shrewsbury, C") 28 June
(1283) II Edw. I, by writs directed fVillelmo le Bottler (or le Botiller) de
Wemme. He »«., after 2 Oct. 126 1,('') Angharad, da. of Griffith ap
Madoc ap Griffith Maelor, Lord of Bromfield, Dinas Bran, and Yale
(now CO. IDenbigh), i.e. of Lower Powis, by Emma, da. of Henry Audley,
of Heleigh, co. Stafford. He d. shortly before 11 Dec. 1283. ('^) His
widow, to whom dower was ordered to be assigned, 8 Feb. i2 83/4,('')
was living 22 June 1308.0
2. John le Botiler of Wem, s. and h., b. 1 7 July 1 266 or 1 267. ('^)
He w., after 18 July 1284,(8) Alianore, da. of Walter de Beauchamp,
of Alcester, co. Warwick, Steward of the King's Household. He d. s.p..,
shortly before 4 Sep. 1287. C") His widow was b. 11 Nov. 1275. C")
Her dower was ordered to be assigned 2 8 Oct. 1287 and 28 May 1 2 8 8 . (')
3. Gawain LEBoTiLERof Wem, nextbr.andh.,^. 2Feb. 1269/70.C')
He m. Alice. He d. s.p., shortly before 3 Mar. i289/90.(') Dower
was ordered to be assigned to his widow 12 Apr. i290.('') She was
living 21 Sep. 1334.0
{Close Roll, II Edw. I, m. yd). She ;/. shortly before 6 May 1289, when custody of
her lands was given to Walter {Gascon Roll, 17 Edw. I, m. 12). Exch. Inq. p. m.,
file I, no. 10.
(") Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. I, file 27, no. 9.
C") As to this supposed Pari., see Preface. V.G.
(') Licence, at the instance of James d'Alditheleg', for Ankeretta his niece to
marry William, s. of Ralph le Botiler, 2 Oct. 1261 {Patent Roll, 45 Hen. Ill, m. 3).
{^) Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. I, file 39, no. 5.
{') Close Roll, 12 Edw. I, m. 9. Robert de Neville had licence to marry her,
10 June 1285 {Patent Roll, 13 Edw. I, m. 16).
(') "Sabina que fuit uxor Willelmi le Butiller de Wemme" showed the King
that she had recovered her seizin of the third part of a messuage, etc., in Wem,
against "Ricardum le Butiller de Wemme," in the King's Court {Originalin,
I Edw. II, m. 17, 22 June). If this Sabina is not identical with the Angharad in the
text, it is difficult to see who she could have been.
(^) Grant to Walter de Beauchamp of John's marriage with Alianore, da. of
Walter, 18 July 1284. {Patent Roll, 12 Edw. I, m. 8).
C") Fine Roll, 15 Edw. I, m. 5. Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. I, file 49, no. 3.
(') Close Rolls, 15 Edw. \, m. 2; 16 Edw. I, m. J.
(') Fine Roll, 18 Edw. I, m. ij. Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. I, file 57, no. 3.
O') Close Roll, 18 Edw. I, m. 12.
0) In the Inq. of this date on William le Botiler, she is called "Alicia de Monte
Gomeri que fuit uxor Gauwyni le Botiler" (Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. Ill, file 38,
no. 31).
232 BOTELER
BARONY BY 4. William le Botiler,(^) of Wem and Oversley,
WRIT. next br. and h., b. 11 June 1274. He had livery of his
y „ brother's lands 8 Apr. 1296, and having served in the
•^ ' wars with Scotland, was sum. to Pari. 10 Mar. (1307/8)
I Edw. II to 10 Oct. (1325) 19 Edw. II, by writs directed fVillelmo
le Botiller (or sometimes le Butiller) de Wemme^ whereby he may be held
to have become LORD LE BOTILLER.C) He w., istly, before 1298,
Beatrice, who was living in 1305-06. He m.^ 2ndly, before Feb. 13 15/6,
Ela, da. and coh. of Roger of Herdeburgh. He d. 1334, before 14 Sep.,
date of writ for Inq. p. m., 8 Edw. III. His widow was living 5 July 1343,
and d. s.p.m.
II. 1334. 5. William le Botiler, de jure apparently Lord le
Botiller, s. and h. by ist wife, b. 8 Sep. 1298, aged 36
at his father's death. He was never sum. to Pari. He m. Margaret, da. of
Richard (Fitz Alan), Earl of Arundel, by Alasia, da. of Tommaso I,
Marquis of Saluzzo, in Piedmont. He d. Dec. 1361.
III. 1361. 6. William (le Botiler), Lord le Botiller, s. and
h., aged 30 at his father's death. He was sum. to Pari.
23 Feb. (1367/8) 42 Edw. Ill, and 6 Apr. (1369) 43 Edw. III. He
m., before July 1343, Elizabeth. He d. s.p.m.., 14 Aug. 1369.
IV. 1369 7. Elizabeth, is'^ywri?, apparently, according to modern
to doctrine. Baroness le Botiller, da. and h., aged 24 at
141 1. the death of her father. She m., istly, between 1369 and
1379, Robert de Ferrers (yr. s. of Robert, 2nd Lord
Ferrers, by Agnes, da. of Humphrey (Bohun), Earl of Hereford), who,
having possessed himself of her vast estates (which he entailed, on failure
of the heirs of his body by her, on his own right heirs), was sum. to Parl.(')
28 Dec. (1375) 49 Edw. Ill to 20 Oct. (1379) 3 Ric. II, by writs directed
Roberto de Ferrers de Wemme, whereby he is held to have become LORD
LE BOTILLER.C^) He d. (1380-81) 4 Ric. II. His widow w., 2ndly,
(') The name was assumed by his ancestor Ralph, who held the oflfice of Butler
to Robert, Earl of Leicester, and seated himself at Oversley, co. Warwick, being
founder of Alcester Priory in that county, in II40.
C") See ante^ p. 230, note "d."
('^) There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
('^) In strictness this writ would constitute a new Barony, as, to continue the old
Barony, it should have run "Roberto de Ferrers de la Botiller de Wemme," — see ante,
p. 212, note "d." G.E.C.
To state, as is done in the text, that having received a writ directed Roberto dc
Ferrers he is held to have become Lord le Botiller, appears to be rather like saying
that d-o-g spells cat, but the Editor is in the old difficulty, referred to in the Preface,
of attempting to reconcile historic fact with peerage law. To argue as to what title,
or whether a new title, was conferred by the writ at a time when a writ created no title
whatever, is to fight over shadows. Of course he was sum., not as modern doctrine
would lay down, in right of his wife, but because he held the lands and stood in the
BOTELER 233
(1381-82) 5 Ric. II, Sir John Say. Shew., 3rdly, before Mich. 2 Hen. IV,
Sir Thomas Molinton, who was never sum. to Pari., but who in his
will, dated 7 May 1408, styles himself Lord of IVemme. He d. 7 May
1408, and was bur. in the chapel of the Brothers of the Holy Cross,
London. She d. June 141 1. Will, in which she styles herself Elizabeth
Ferrers, Baroness of JVemme, dated 6 June 1410, pr. 16 June 141 1, directing
her burial to be at Holy Cross afsd. On her death any Barony (whether
considered as originating in the writ of 1308 or in that of 1375) which may
be conceived to have been cr. by the writ of sum., fell, according to modern
doctrine, into abeyance between her two granddaughters and coheirs, children
of her s. and h. ap., Robert Ferrers, who d. v.m., in i396.('')
BOTETOURT
BARONY BY i. John de Botetourt, whose parentage is unknown,
WRIT. was a distinguished soldier; Gov. of St. Briavel's Castle,
, CO. Gloucester, 1291; Adm. for the Northern Seas 1294-
•^ ^' 97, and again 13 1 5. He was one of the Barons who
signed the letter to the Pope in 1301, and was sum. to Pari, from
13 July (1305) 33 Edw. IC") to 13 Sep. (1324) 18 Edw. 11, by writs directed
Johanni Botetourt, whereby he may be held to have become LORD
BOTETOURT.Q Gov. of Framlingham Castle, 1314. He joined in
the rebellion of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, and fought at Boroughbridge,
16 Mar. i32i/2,('') for which he was fined ;^ 1,000, and was pardoned
8 Oct. 1322. He m., probably soon after i July 1285, when she was a
minor,^) certainly before June 1292, Maud, sister and h. of Otes Fitz
Thomas, being da. of Thomas Fitz Otes, of Mendelsham, Suffolk, by
shoes of his deceased father-in-law, who had also been sum. Equally of course the
summons was directed to him under his christian and sur-name, and was followed for
security of identification by a mention of the estate of which he was Lord and
Master. There was as much intention to confer a peerage as there would be
nowadays if a summons were directed Vkario Gyhbes de 12 Upper Be/grave Sir., to
sit on a special jury. V.G.
(^) These were (i) Elizabeth, then aged 18, who m. John (de Greystoclc), Lord of
Greystock,of whom the representation passed in I487 to the Lords Dacre of Giliesland,
and thence, in 1569, to the family of Howard; (2) Mary, then aged 17, who m.
Sir Ralph Nevill, of whom the representation passed through the families of
Gascoigne,Wentworth, Watson, and Southwell, to the heirs of Lord de Clifford, who
d. s.p. 1832.
C") For a list of the only recognised Parliaments (down to 1500) which furnish a
date of origin for baronies by writ now (191 1) existing, see vol. vi. Appendix G.
V.G.
(=) As to how far these early writs of summons did in fact create any Peerage
title, see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
(^) For an account of this battle see Appendix C to this volume.
{') Add. Chart., no. 30,990.
31
234 BOTETOURT
Tabular Pedigree showing the descent of those coheirs in whose favour
the Barony of Botetourt has been confirmed, from John (Botetourt),
Lord Botetourt.
I. John de Botetourt, sum. 1305, J. 1324=--
i
Thomas de B., s. and h. ap., d. v.p., 1322 =
,
II. John DE Botetourt, sum. 1342, grandson and h., d. 1385 =
I I [one third] | [one third] | [one third]
John de B., s. Alice, m. John Joyce, m., istly. Sir Baldwin Catherine, ot. Maurice
and h. ap., d. Kyriel, of Eynes- Frevile, who </. 1 388. She to., Berkeley, of Stoke
f.p., 1369. ford, Kent. 2ndly, Sir Adam Peshall, who GifFord, co. Glouc.
= == d.s.p. She;/. 1420. == who d. i?6i.=
I .{. '^ ^ M , — i — I
III. Joyce, h. to her grandfather, and as such, apparently, suo jure Sir Maurice Berkeley, only
Baroness Botetourt. She fw. Hugh (Burnell), Lord Burnell, but i/. s. andh, </. 1400.
s.p., 1407, when the Barony fell into abeyance. =p
Maurice B., posthumous s. and h., who in 1407 became heir to a third of the Barony of
Botetourt. He J. 1464.=
Sir William B., K.B., only s. and h., d. 1501.=
i '
Richard B., only s. and h., d. l^ 14=7=
Sir John B., of Stoke Gifford afsd., s. and h.. Sir Maurice B., of Bruton, Somerset, K.B.,
d. 1546. =1= 2nd s., (/. 1 581. =
I ' I '
Sir Richard B., s. and h., d. 1604.^= Sir Henry B., s. and h., d. l6oi=j=
Henry B., s. and h., d. i6o6.=j= Sir Maurice B., s. and h., d. 1617.=:
I I : : \ '
Richard B., only Charles B., s. and h., who in 1665 jwc. his son John, rr. Baron Berkeley of
s. and \\.,d. 1 66 1, as Viscount Fitzhardinge [I.], d. 1668. Stratton, 1658, d. 1678.
H I ^-1 ^
SirMauriceB.,onlys.and Maurice, 3rd Vis- Charles Berkeley, 2nd s., who in 1663, was cr.
h. ap., (/. c'.p., 1634.=!= count Fitzhard- Viscount Fitzhardinge [I.], with a spec. rem. In
I inge, 5. and h. 1664/5, hewasrr.BARON BotetourtofLangport,
Richard B.,only s. and h., =^ ^""^ ^^''' °^ Falmouth, both of which later crea-
(/. 1671. =j= ^ tions became f,v/iwfi at his death ^.^., in 1665.
I ' 1
George B., of Stoke Gifford afsd., s. and John Symes Berkeley, of Stoke Gifford, h. to his br. in
\i.,d.s.f., 1685. 1685,^. 1736. Y
I 1 ,
IV. Norborne (Berkeley), Lord Botetourt, only s. Charles Noel=Elizabeth, only da., h.
to her br. in 1770,
and, as such, coh. to
the Barony of Botetourt.
She d. 1799.
V. Henry (Somerset), Duke of Beaufort, i^c, (in 1756) and (47 years afterwards) Lord
Botetourt, inasmuch as, being, in 1 799, coh. {i.e. h. to one third) of that Barony, the abeyance
thereof was terminated in hii favour in June 1803^. He d. Oct. 1803.
and h., who being coh. (i.e. h. to one third) of that (Somerset),
Barony, had the abeyance thereof (which had lasted 4th Duke of
aboz'e three centuries and a half) terminated in his favour Beaufort, d.
in 1764. He d. s.p., IJ70. 1756.
BOTETOURT 235
Beatrice, 3rd da. and coh. of William de Beauchamp, feudal Lord of
Bedford. He d. 25 Nov. i324.(^) His widow was living 28 May 1329.
II. 1324. 2. John (de Botetourt), Lord Botetourt, grandson
and h., being s. and h. of Thomas de B., by Joan, (living
18 Jan. 1326/7) da. of Roger de Somery, sister (and coh. of the considerable
estates) of John [Lord] Somery, which Thomas de B. was s. and h. ap. of
the late Lord, and d. v.p., in 1322. He, who was aged 4 in Aug. 1322,
and 7 in Dec. 1324, had livery of his lands (1341) 14 Edw. Ill, having
had livery (though then a minor) of his mother's lands 16 July 1338. He
distinguished himself in the French wars. He was sum. to Pari, from
25 Feb. (1342) 16 Edw. Ill to 3 Feb. (1385) 9 Ric. II.(^) He m., istly,
Maud, da. of John de Grey [ist Lord Grey of Rotherfield]. He ;«.,
2ndly, before 31 May 1347, Joyce, da. of William Zouche, formerly
Mortimer [Lord Zouche of Mortimer]. She was living 4 May I372.('^)
He left issueby both wives. He^/. 1385, and was bur. at Halesowen, when
any Barony which may be held to have been cr. by writ, became dormant,
but the right thereto, according to modern doctrine, would appear to have
devolved, as under.
III. 1385 3. Joyce, apparently, according to modern doctrine,
to sua jure Baroness Botetourt, but who of course was
1406. never so recognised in her lifetime, granddaughter and
h., being da. and h. of John de Botetourt, by Maud,
da. of John (de Grey), 2nd Lord Grey of Rotherfield, which John de B.
was s. and h. ap. (by his 2nd wife) of the late Lord, and d. v.p., 1369. She
m., in 1386, before 22 May, as his 2nd wife, Hugh (Burnell), 2nd Lord
BuRNELL, whoa', s.p.m., 27 Nov. 1420. S\\&d.5.p., I Jan. (1406/7) 7 Hen. IV,
and was bur. at Halesowen, Salop {Inq.p. m. 12 Apr. 8 Hen. IV) ('^), when
any Barony held to have been cr. by writ must be regarded as having fallen
into abeyance among her three aunts, or their representatives, and so
continued for upwards of three centuries and a half.('=)
******
IV. 1764 4. NoRBORNE Berkeley, only s. and h. of John
to Symes Berkeley, of Stoke GifFord, co. Gloucester, by
1770. Elizabeth, widow of Edward (Devereux), Viscount
Hereford, da. and coh. of Walter Norborne, of Calne,
Wilts, sue. his father 13 Dec. 1736. M.P. (Tory) for co. Gloucester in
(*) J. H. Round writes, "The whole of his lands were found (Dec. 1324) to have
been held in right of his wife, who brought him a third of the barony of Bedford;
but she settled this in 1328 on her daughter, Elizabeth, wife of William, Lord
Latimer." V.G.
C") There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
(^) Ancient Deeds, vol. ii, C. 2778.
C) See ante, p. 233, note "e."
i^) For a list of Baronies called cut of abeyance, see vol. iv. Appendix H.
236
BOTETOURT
4 Paris. 1 741-63. (^) Lord Lieut, of co. Gloucester 1762-66. Groom of
the Bedchamber 1760-64. Having proved himself coh. (h. to one-third)
of this BaronyjC") the abeyance was terminated in his favour, and he was
sum. to Pari, on 13 Apr. I764.('') Gov. of Virginia i768-70.('^) He d.
during his residence there, 15 Oct. 1770, and was bur. in the College
of William-and-Mary, in the town of Williamsburgh. Will pr. Jan. 1771.
On his death the Barony again fell into abeyance.
V. 1803. 5. Henry (Somerset), Duke of Beaufort, fife., s.
and h. of Charles, 4th Duke of Beaufort, by Elizabeth,
only sister and sole h. of Norborne (Berkeley), Lord Botetourt above-
named (which Elizabeth d. 8 Apr. 1799), being, in right of his said mother,
coh. (h. to one third) of the Barony of Botetourt [1305], obtained a
confirmation of the same by pat. dat. 4 June i 803, to him and the heirs of his
body.('^) He d.\i Oct. following, since which time this Barony has followed
the course of succession of the Dukedom of Beaufort. See "Beaufort,"
Dukedom of, cr. 1682, under the 5th and succeeding Dukes.
BOTETOURT OF LANGPORT
i.e. "Botetourt of Langport, Somerset," Barony {Berkeley), see
Falmouth," Earldom ofjO cr. 17 Mar. 1664; extinct 3 June 1665.
BOTHAL
i.e. "Ogle of Bothal, Northumberland," Barony {Cavendish), o.
3 Nov. 1620, with theViscountcy of Mansfield, Notts. See " Newcastle,"
Dukedom of, cr. 1664; extinct 1691.
(*) He was a supporter of the Bute Administration. V.G.
C") For pedigree see p. 234.
(^) J. H. Round has dealt with this case in his Peerage and Pedigree (vol. i,
pp. 252-3), as bearing on the question of "referring" a sitting to an earlier writ.
"The proof of sitting was for the second peer; the first writ was addressed to his
grandfather, the first peer : as they were both named John, the terms of the Resolu-
tion are ambiguous." Nicolas alleges that the sitting was referred to the first writ,
but Round considers this doubtful, and observes that " the precedence assigned in
1764 is, admittedly, against the view that the peerage dates from 33 Edw. I."
V.G.
(^) The saying at the time was that this appointment was made, not because
Virginia wanted a Governor, but because Lord Botetourt wanted a place.
("^) See ante, page 233, note "b."
(') The descent (without any representation) of Charles Berkeley, the patentee of
this Barony, from the Lords Botetourt, is shown in the tabular pedigree given on p. 234.
BOTHWELL 237
BOTHWELL
BARONY [S.] I. Sir John Ramsay, whose paternity is unknown,
J _ J) but who possibly was a s. of John R., of Corstoun, co. Fife,
^ ^' by Janet Napier, his wife; being attached to the Court of
to James III, was one of the few of that King's attendants
1488. who escaped execution at Lauder, in July 1482, soon after
which he was rewarded with the Barony and Lordship of
Bothwell,^ which grant was confirmed by Pari. 16 Feb. 1482/3. He sat
in Pari, as a Peer, LORD BOTHWELL [S.], before 9 May 1485; was
accredited as Ambassador to England i486, and again Apr. 1488, but after
the King's death (11 June 1488), was prosecuted by his successor, and /or-
feited -xt a Pari. [S.], 8 Oct. 1488, when he took refuge in England, acting
as a spy for Henry VII, into whose hands he plotted to deliver the Scottish
King. He was, however, rehabilitated under the Great Seal [S.], 1 8 Apr.
1497, though not restored to his Peerage, nor (excepting partially) to his
estates. Lands, however, in co. Kincardine were erected, 13 May 15 10,
into a free Barony, called the Barony of Balmain, for him and his heirs. He
w., istly, shortly before 6 Nov. 15 — ■, Janet Kennedy, C') but from her
(who was living long afterwards) he was apparently soon divorced. He w.,
2ndly, before 15 Feb. 1507/8, Isobel Livingston, who surv. him. He d.
fighting for his country, being slain at Flodden, 9 Sep. i5i3-(0 William,
his s. and h. by 2nd wife, b. in or shortly before 15 10, was ancestor of the
Ramsays of Balmain, Gilbert R. being cr. a Bart. [S.], 3 Sep. 1625.
EARLDOM [S.] i. Patrick. Hepburn, s. and h. of Adam Hepburn,
. ^- Master of Hailes (who d. v.p., in or shortly before
^ ' i479)> by Helen, da. of Alexander (Home), Lord
Home [S.]; was knighted before Feb. i48o/i,and sue.
his grandfather as Lord Hailes [S.], in 1483, at which date he was one of
the conservators of a truce with England. He led the vanguard at the
battle of Sauchieburn against James III, who was there slain, and whose
successor, James IV, rewarded him with the forfeited Barony of Bothwell,
erecting the same into an Earldom, and creating him, 17 Oct. 1488, by
solemn investiture in Pari., EARL OF BOTHWELL [S.]. The lord-
ships and offices he received from the grateful King were very numerous.
In 1488 he was keeper of the Castle of Edinburgh, Sheriff Principal of that
CO., Master of the Household, High Admiral [S.], tfc. Warden of the
West and Middle Marches July 1489. On 6 Mar. 1491/2, he received,
(*) This had fallen into the King's hands in 1473, on the death of Eupheme
[Graham], widow of the 5th Earl of Douglas [S.], and 1st wife of James, 1st Lord
Hamilton [S.].
C') She had been mistress of James IV. He did not m. Isobel Cant (as usually
stated), who was the wife of a contemporary namesake. V.G.
(') For a list of Scottish nobles there slain, see vol. v, Appendix D.
238
BOTHWELL
in exchange for the Lordship of Bothwell, the great Lordship of Liddis-
dale, with the Castle of Hermitage, eJ'c, from the family of Douglas, Earls
of Angus [S.], an exchange effected by the King to lessen the influence of
that family. At the gen. revocation, 20 June 1493, of all grants made
during the King's minority, those to him (and to Sir John Ross) were
excepted. Capt. of Dunbarton Castle Apr. 1495. ^^ '"'^^ °"^ °^ ^^^
Embassy, in Oct. 1 501, to conclude the marriage of James IV with Margaret,
da. of Henry VII. Hem., istly, before i Feb. 1 480/1, Janet, da. of James
(Douglas), ist Earl of Morton [S.], by Joan, 3rd da. of James I, King of
Scotland. She d. s.p.m. He ;«., 2ndly (cont. dat. 21 Feb. 1490/1),
Margaret, da. of George, Earl of Huntly. He d. 18 Oct. 1508.
II. 1508. 2. Adam (Hepburn), Earl of Bothwell, &'c. [S.],
s. and h. by 2nd wife, b. about 1492; served h. to his
father 7 Nov. 1508. He sue. his father in his extensive possessions, and
also as High Admiral [S.], Sheriff Principal of co. Edinburgh, i^c. He
was slain (with his King) at the battle of Flodden,('') after having nearly
captured the English Standard. He m., soon after 28 Aug. 151 1, Agnes
Stewart, illegit. {bastard-natural) da. of James, Earl of Buchan [S.],
by Margaret, widow of William Murray, of the house of Philphaugh.
He d. 9 Sep. 1 5 13, as afsd. His widow, who, before marriage, had been
mistress of James IV, m., 2ndly, 3 June 15 14, Alexander, 3rd Lord Home
(who d. 8 Oct. 1 516). She m., 3rdly, as his 2nd wife, between 1520 and
15 Nov. 1525, Robert (Maxwell), Lord Maxwell [S.], who d. 9 July
1546. She w., 4thly, before 13 Dec. 1549, Cuthbert Ramsay, who surv.
her. She obtained letters of legitimation under the Great Seal [S.],
31 Oct. 1552. She d. Feb. 1557.
III. 1 5 13. 3. Patrick. (Hepburn), Earl OF Bothwell, fePc. [S.],
s. and h., under 2 years old at his father's death. He
passed into England Dec. 1531, and intrigued against his King, who
imprisoned him in Edinburgh Castle (where he still was in June 1533), and
compelled him to resign the Lordship of Liddisdale in Sep. 1538, which,
however, he afterwards recovered in 1 543. He was present at the Pari. [S.]
1 5 Mar. 1 542/3, where, being then in the French interest, he was opposed
to the projected match between the infant Queen [S.] and Prince Edward
of England,(^) but was (as was also the Earl of Lennox) endeavouring to
obtain for himself in marriage Mary of Guise, the Queen Dowager [S.].
Having embarrassed his fortune by various extravagances, he appears to have
gone over to the English interest, and was imprisoned 1545-47. Admiral
(^) For a list of Scottish nobles there slain, see vol. v, Appendix D.
O') He is so described by Sadler, who, in a letter, dat. 5 May 1543, says: "As to
the Earl of Bothwell, who hath the rule of Liddisdale, I think him the most vain and
insolent man in the world, full of pride and folly, and here nothing at all esteemed."
Pitscottie describes him as " fair and whitely, something hanging shouldered and going
forward, but of a gentle humane countenance."
BOTHWELL 239
of Scotland 14 Sep. 1546. On 3 Sep. 1 549, Edward VI proclaimed him as
under "our protection." Hew., istly, in 1533 or 1534, his cousin, Agnes,
da. of Henry, Lord Sinclair [S.], by Margaret, da. of Adam Hepburn,
Master of Hailes. She, who was divorced about Oct. 1543, surv. him,
being styled, in 1572, Countess of Bothwell. Her will as Dame Agnes
Sinclair, Countess of Bothwell, dat. 21 Mar. 1572, pr. at Edinburgh
22 Feb. 1574/5. He is said to have »;., 2ndly, Margaret Home. He d.
Sep. 1556, at Dumfries.
IV. 1556 4. James (Hepburn), Earl of Bothwell and Lord
to Hailes [S.], only s. and h. by ist wife, b. about 1535, was
1567. served h. to his father 3 Nov. i556,('') and, though a
Protestant, took part with the Court against the Congre-
gation. He was expelled in 1563, and again in 1565, by the Earl of
Moray, but on Moray's banishment (also in 1565), was received into
high favour by the Queen [S.], who gave him a grant of the Abbeys of
Haddington and Melrose, the office of High Admiral [S.], and the
Wardenship of the three Marches, never before held by one person. He
was one of the chief actors in the m.urder, 10 Feb. 1566/7, of (Darnley)
the unfortunate King Consort, of which he was acquitted, 12 Apr.
1567, none daring to appear as a witness against him. On 1 2 May 1 567 (in
anticipation of his 2nd marriage), (^) he was cr. DUKE OF ORKNEY('=)
and possibly C^) MARQUESS OF FIFE [S.], with the jurisdiction and
crown rents of Orkney. On 29 Dec. 1567 he and all his honours were
^'■forfeited" by Act of Pari. [S.]. He w., istly (cont. 9, disp. I3),('=) 24Feb.
1565/6, Jean, 3rd and yst. da. of George (Gordon), 4th Earl of Huntly
[S.], by Elizabeth, da. of Robert (Keith), Lord Keith [S.]. On 3 May 1 567
she procured a divorce from him for adultery with one of her maids, and on
7 May 1567 this marriage was annulled, as being within the 4th degree of
consanguinity.O He w., 2ndly, 15 May 1567, both in the Roman Catholic
and the Protestant form, at Holyrood Chapel, the Queen [Mary of Scot-
land], he having previously met the Queen at Cramond bridge, whence
(24 Apr.) with an armed force (but without any opposition), he had con-
ducted her to Dunbar, from which place (3 May) they had come together to
Edinburgh. The Scottish nobles confederated against them, to whom the
Queen surrendered herself at Carberry Hill on 15 June following, the
(^) He is styled by Walsingham a " Glorious, rash and hazardous young man."
(*') On 26 Apr. 1559 he was alleged, in an action at law, to have been "quietly
married or handfast" to Janet Beton, widow of Sir Walter Scott, of Buccleuch, but
this marriage (if it ever took place) was soon dissolved. V.G.
i^) This is one of the 4 creations of Queen Mary's reign. See note sub Henry,
Lord Methven [1528].
('') No authority is known to exist for the title of Fife beyond Douglas's statement.
C) See the Sutherland MSS., Hht. MSS. Com., 2nd Rep., p. 177.
(') She m., 2ndly, at Strathbogie, 13 Dec. 1 57 3, Alexander (Gordon), Earl of
Sutherland [S.].
240 BOTHWELL
Duke, her husband, escaping to the north, and thence by Orkney and
Shetland to Norway, where, in the Castle of Draxholm, after 8 years'
imprisonment, he d. s.p. legit., 14 Apr. ifyS.Q The execution of Mary,
Queen of Scots, his widow, 8 Feb. 1586/7, nearly 20 years after their
ill-starred marriage, is a matter of History.
V. 1 58 1 I. Francis Stewart, Commendator of Kelso, s. and h.
to of John S., Prior of Coldinghame (one of the illegit. sons
1 592. of James V, by Jean, da. of Patrick. (Hepburn), Earl of
BoTHWELL and Lord Hailes [S.] abovenamed, and only
sister of James, the last Earl), sue. his father in 1563, about Nov., having
probably been b. in that year. He was, 16 June 1 581, in consideration of his
maternal descent, cr. EARL OF BOTHWELL AND LORD HAILES [S.].
Lord Admiral of Scotland 1583-91. In 1586 he was one of the com-
missioners to treat with England, and, with the Duke of Lennox [S.]
was Joint Gov. of the Realm in 1589. He was accused of witchcraft,
and imprisoned 2 June 1591, but making his escape on the 22nd, was
on the 25th forfeited. On 27 Dec. following he endeavoured to seize
the King at Holyrood, and was attainted by Act of Pari. 12 July 1592,
whereby all his honours were ^^ forfeited" Another attempt to seize the
King at Falkland, on the 1 7th of that month, was nearly successful, and
a year later, on 24 July 1593, he forced himself into the Royal presence
and obtained a promise of all his demands, which promise the Nobles
in convention, 7 Sep. 1593, at Stirling, absolved the King from keeping.
On 3 Apr. 1594, Bothwell again appeared with 500 horse, but effected
nothing, and fled to England, and thence to France, Spain, and Italy,
where, at Naples, he lived in poverty and infamy for some 1 2 years,
casting horoscopes, and doing conjuring tricks for a livelihood.C') He m.,
before i July 1592, Margaret, widow of Sir Walter Scott, of Buccleuch
(who d. 17 Apr. 1574), ist da. of David (Douglas), Earl of Angus [S.],
by Margaret, da. of Sir John Hamilton, by whom he had (besides 3
daughters) 3 sons who were excluded by the attainder from inheriting his
(*) " An unmannerly, unlettered, unscrupulous scamp, whose coarse profligacy was
notorious, and whose coarse badinage was unmeet for the ears of modest women.
That he had the strength and daring of a Border thief need not be doubted." {Mary
Stuart, by John Skelton, 1893). He appears to have been an exceptionally turbulent,
conscienceless, self-seeking ruffian. Two Scottish peers (the Earl of Bothwell and
Lord Lovat) and one English one (Lord JefiFreys) are among the Twelve Bad Men
whose lives were edited by T. Seccombe, in 1894. V.G.
C^) Before engaging in treasonable practices, he appears to have made over his ex-
tensive estates in the counties of Berwick, Edinburgh, Haddington, and Dumfries,
including the vast Lordship of Liddisdale, the Lordship of Hailes (the ancient posses-
sion of the Hepburn family), to his wife's son, Sir Walter Scott (afterwards cr. Lord
Scott of Buccleuch [S.]), hoping for assistance from him. Though some of these
estates were restored to his son (see note "a" on following page) the Lordship of Lid-
disdale remained in the family of Scott.
BOTHWELL 241
honours. (^) He was living 7 Sep. 161 IjC") at Naples, but d. probably in
161 2, and certainly before 30 July 16 14. His widow d. at a great age, in
1640, having survived her ist husband 66 years. She was bur. at Eckford.
BOTHWELL AND HARTSIDE
Archibald Douglas, styled Earl of Douglas (s. and h. ap. of William,
Marquess of Douglas [S.]), was on 3 Apr. i 65 i , cr. EARL OF ORMOND,
LORD BOTHWELL AND HARTSIDE [S.], with a spec. rem. See
"Ormond" Earldom of [S.], cr. 1651, resigned 1661 for the Earldom of
Forfar [S.].
BOTHWELLHAUGH see ABERBROTH WICK
BOTILER or BUTILLER see BOTELER
BOTREAUX
BARONY BY i. William de Botreaux,Q s. and h. of William de
WRIT. B-)0 of Botreaux Castle, otherwise Boscastle, Cornwall,
T ,» Sheriff of Cornwall (who d. 22 July 1349), by Isabel, yr.
•^ ' da. and coh. of Sir John Moels [Lord Moels], of North
Cadbury, Somerset, and East Berkhampstead, Herts, was
b. I Sep. 1337, at Botylet, in Lanreath, Cornwall; had livery of his lands
27 Sep. 1359, having pr. his age; was in the expedition to Saxony that year,
and subsequently (1380) was in that (to Portugal) against Spain. He
was sum. to Pari, from 24 Feb. (1367/8) 42 Edw. 111(0 ^'^ ^^ Sep. (1390)
14 Ric. 1I,(*) by writs directed Willelmo de Botreaux^ whereby he may be
("") His eldest s., Francis Stewart, i. 1584, rehabilitated 1614, rfl/Z/^ft^by Pari. 1633,
obtained recovery, by decreet arbitral of Charles I, of some of the family estates, which
he sold to the Wintoun family. He w., 2 Aug. 1614, Isobel Seton, widow of James,
Earl of Perth, da. of Robert, Ist Earl of Wintoun. He d. 1639. Admon. 21 Apr.
1640. His only s. and h., Charles Stewart, b. \'^ Jan. and bap. 7 Feb. 161 8/9, at
Tranent, was served his h. 20 Apr. 1647, and is stated to have been a trooper in the
Civil Wars, and to have d. in England, after the battle of Worcester.
C") " The Earl Bothwell hath been layde up all this summer in ye surgeons handes
in Naples, and is paste doing any hurte, though hee want not malice." (Sir Dudley
Carleton to Sir J. Digbye, 7 Sep. 161 1). V.G.
(■=) "The family doubtless came from Lei Bottereaux., near Evreux." See Lower's
Family Names.
{^) He was s. of Reynold de B. {d. 1346), s. of William {d. c. 1342), s. of William
{d. 1302), s. of Reynold [d. 1273). V.G.
(') So adjudged by the House of Lords, i Aug. 1871. For a list of the only re-
cognized Parliaments (down to 1500) which furnish a date of origin for Baronies by
writ now (1911) existing, see vol. vi, Appendix G.
(') It is erroneously stated in Dugdale that he was sum. to Pari, until 15 Ric. II,
but it is clear that the writ of that year, 7 Sep. 1391, was directed to his son. As
to how far these early Writs of Summons did in fact create any Peerage title, see
Appendix A in the last volume, V.G.
32
242 BOTREAUX
held to have become LORD BOTREAUX. He w., (cont. 14 Feb.)
Feb. 1369/70, Elizabeth, da. of Sir Ralph Daubeny, by Katharine, his ist
wife, sister and in her issue coh. of Thomas Thweng [4th Lord Thweng].
He d. 10 Aug. 1 39 1. Inq.p. m. 139 1-2. His widow, who was living in
retreat at Tarent Abbey, about 1421, d. 29 May 1433. Inq. p.m. 1433-4.
n. 1391. 2. William (de Botreaux), Lord Botreaux, s. and
h., aged 24 at his father's death. He was sum. to Pari.
7 Sep. (1391) 15 Ric. II. He m. Elizabeth, da. and coh. of Sir John
St. Lo, of Newton St. Lo, Wilts, and sole h. of her mother, his 2nd wife,
Margaret,('') da. and h. of John Clyvedon. He d. 25 May 1395. His
Inq.p. m. (1394-5) 18 Ric. 2. His widow d. 4 Sep., at some date between
1409 and 1458.
III. 1395. 3. William (de Botreaux), Lord Botreaux,C') s. and
h., b. 20 Feb. 1388/9, at Walton, Kilmersdon, Somerset.
He was sum. to Pari, i Dec. (1412) 14 Hen. IV to 23 May (1461)
I Edw. IV,('=) being present in the House 16 Oct. (141 9) 7 Hen. V.('')
In 141 5 he attended Henry V in his expedition to France. He »»., istly,
before 141 1, Elizabeth, da. of John, Lord Beaumont, by Katharine, da.
of Thomas Everingham, of Laxton, Notts. He m., 2ndly, before 1458,
Margaret, da. of Thomas, Lord Ros,('') by Eleanor, da. of Richard
(Beauchamp), Earl OF Warwick. Wt d. s. p.m. s.,(^ 16 May (1462) 2 Edw.
IV, having by a will dated so long back as 141 5, directed to be bur. at
the church of Cadbury, Somerset. M.I. there. Inq. p. m. 1462, as Wil-
liam B." miles." Admon. I July 1462, at Lambeth. His widow w., between
May 1462 and 1464, Thomas, Lord Burgh, who d. 18 Mar. 1495/6, and
was bur. at Gainsborough. She d. 1488, and was bur. there. Inq.p. m.
26 June (1489) 4 Hen VII.
IV. 1462. 4. Margaret, suo jure Baroness Botreaux (styling
herself " Margareta, d'na Botreaux"), only da. and h. by
(») Patent Roll, 14 Apr. 1413. V.G.
C') In various documents, dat. 3, 7, and 18 Edw. IV, he is referred to as "William,
Lord Botreaux and Mules" [i.e. Moels]. (Hist. MSS. Com., Wells MSS., vol. i,
pp. 498-502). This shows that the assumption was probably of older date than is
recognised by Nicolas. See note "c" on following page. V.G.
(■=) See note "e" on previous page.
(^) There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
(') Early Chanc. Proc, bundle 26, no. 461, dated 1404-1426 and 1456-60,
shows that Sir William Botreaux was then m. to Margaret, da. of Thomas, Lord
Ros {d. 1383). {ex inform. W. F. Carter). V.G.
(*) By his 1st wife he had 3 children; (l) William, who d. an infant, and was bur.
1st at North Cadbury, and afterwards transferred to the Minorite Church at Bridg-
water; (2) Anne, who m., in 1426, Sir John Stafford. She must have d. v.p., and
without issue surviving her father; (3) Margaret, Lady B., as in the text.
BOTREAUX 243
1st wife, is stated to have been aged over 40 at her father's death. ("") She
m. Robert (Hungerford), 2nd Lord Hungerford, who d. 14 May 1459.
She i/. 7 Feb. 1477/8, and was i^ur. with her husband, in Salisbury Cathe-
dral. Inq.p.m. 1478-9. See fuller account under "Hungerford," Barony,
tr. 1426.
V. 1478. 5. yip^KY, suo jure Baroness Botreaux, great-grand-
child and h., being da. and h. of Thomas Hungerford,
attainted and executed 1468, by Anne, da. of Henry (Percy), Earl of
Northumberland, which Thomas was s. and h. of Robert (Hungerford),
Lord Hungerford and Moleyns, attainted and executed 1463, the said
Robert being s. and h. of Robert, Lord Hungerford, by Margaret,
suo jure Baroness Botreaux abovenamed.C") This Mary, b. about 1468,
w., after 8 June 1478, when her marriage and custody during minority
were granted to her future father-in-law, Edward Hastings (s. and h.
of William, Lord Hastings of Hastings), who, doubtless owing to such
marriage, was, v.p., sum. to Pari, as Lord Hastings of Hungerford in
1482; although the attainders of the last Lord Hungerford and his son were
not reversed i\\\ 1485. After that reversal the Baroness Botreaux became
(by inheritance) suo jure Baroness Hungerford and Baroness de Mo-
leyns. (') Lord Hastings d. 8 Nov. 1506. His widow m., in 15 11, Sir
Richard Sacheverell, and d. between 1528 and 153 1/2.
See fuller account under "Hastings of Hastings," Barony, cr. 1461.
VL 1530? 6. George (Hastings), Lord Hastings of Hast-
ings [1461] and Lord Hastings of Hungerford
[1482], s. and h., by ist husband, who had already, on 8 Nov. 1506,
sue. his father in that Barony, and who sue. to his mother's Baronies
at her death, as Lord Botreaux, Lord Hungerford and Lord
MoLEYNS. On 8 Dec. 1529, he was cr. Earl of Huntingdon. He
d. 24 Mar. 1545.
VIL 1545' 7- Francis (Hastings), Earl of Huntingdon,
Lord Botreaux, Gfc, s. and h., d. 22 June 1560.
Vin. 1560. 8. Henry (Hastings), Earl of Huntingdon,! ^ 1^
Lord Botreaux, fe^c, s. and h., d. s.p.^ 14 Dec. 1595. V] c
IX. 1595- 9- George (Hastings), Earl of Huntingdon,
Lord Botreaux, ^'c, br. and h., d. 31 Dec. 1604.
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drawn from these statements in inquisitions are almost worthless except perhaps as
indicating a minimum age. V.G.
C') Theseattaindersof persons who d.in thelifetimeofthe /ate [1462-77] Baroness
Botreaux would not affect the transmission of her peerage to their descendants. See
under "Atholl," vol. i, p. 319, note "c."
(') See note sub Edward, Lord Hastings of Hastings [1483].
244 BOTREAUX
X. 1604. 10. Henry (Hastings), Earl of Huntingdon,'
Lord BoTREAuXjiffc, grandson and h.,^. 14 Nov. 1643.
XI. 1643. II. Ferdinando (Hastings), Earl of Hunting-
don, Lord Botreaux, fePc, s. and h.,d. 13 Feb. 1656.
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DON, Lord Botreaux, Gfc, s. and h.,d. t,o May 1 70 1 . j
XIIL 1701. 13. George (Hastings), Earl of Huntingdon,
Lord Botreaux, fife, s. and h.,^/. unm., 22Feb. 1704/5.
XIV. 1705. 14. Theophilus (Hastings), Earl of Hunting-
don, Lord Botreaux, ^c, br. and h., d. 1 3 Oct. 1 746.
XV. 1746. 15. Francis (Hastings) Earl of Huntingdon,
Lord Botreaux, Cffc, s. and h., d. unm., 2 Oct.
1789, when the Earldom of Huntingdon passed to the h. ma/e, while
the Baronies of Botreaux, i^c., passed to the h. gen. as under.
XVL 1789. 16. Elizabeth, Countess of Moira [I.], and suo Jure
Baroness Botreaux, Baroness Hungerford, Baroness
Moleyns, Baroness Hastings of Hastings, and Baroness Hastings of
Hungerford, sister and h., being 3rd wife of John (Rawdon), ist Earl of
Moira [I.], to whom she was m. 5 Feb. 1752. He d. June 1 793. She d.
II Apr. 1808. See fuller account under "Moira," Earldom of [I.], cr.
1762; extinct 1868.
XVII. 1808. 17. Francis (Rawdon-Hastings, formerly Raw-^
don), Earl of Moira and Baron Rawdon [I.], s.
and h., who had already (June 1793) sue. his father in the Peerage [I.],
and who on 4 Mar. 1783 had been cr. Baron Rawdon [G.B.]. He
sue. to his mother's Baronies at her death (1808), becoming Lord
Botreaux, i^c. In 1809 his right to one of the Baronies (so in-
herited) viz. that of Hastings of Hastings was admitted (the right
to the other Baronies not being established till 1871), and he took his
seat accordingly. On 13 Apr. 18 17, he was cr. Marquess of
Hastings. He d. 28 Nov. 1826.
XVIII. 1826. 18. George Augustus Francis (Rawdon-Hast-
ings), Marquess OF Hastings, Lord Botreaux, fcfc,
s. and h., d. 13 Jan. 1844.
XIX. 1844. 19- Paulyn Reginald Serlo (Rawdon-Hastings),
Marquess of Hastings, Lord Botreaux, &'c., s. and
h., d. a minor and unm., 17 Jan. 1851.
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BOTREAUX
XX. i8?i 20. Henry Weysford Charles Plantagenet'i
(Rawdon-Hastings), Marquess of Hastings
[U.K.], Lord Grey of Ruthin, (=) [1324], Bot-
REAUX [1368], HuNGERFORD [1426], MoLEYNS
[1445], Hastings of Hastings [1461], and Hastings of Hunger-
ford [1482] in England, and Baron Rawdon [G.B.], also Earl
of Loudoun C") fffc. [S.], and Earl of MoiRAand Baron Rawdon
[I.], br. and h. He d. s.p., 10 Nov. 1868, when all his honours
[I.,G.B. and U.K.] cr. by paient,heczme extinct, the Scottish Peerages
devolving on his ist sister (the h. of line), and the English Baronies
(in fee) falling into abeyance between her and his other sisters and
coheirs.^ See fuller account under "Hastings," Marquessate,
cr. 1817, extinct 1868. ,
245
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XXI. 1871. 21. Edith Maud, ^«(P_/«rf Countess OF Loudoun, tr'c.
[S.], ist sister and coh. (but heir of line and inheritrix, in
1868, of the Scottish Peerages), then wife of Charles Frederick Abney-
Hastings (to whom she was m. 30 Apr. 1853), who (after her death) was
(4 May 1880) cr. Baron Donington (see that title). She, who was b.
10 Dec. 1833, became Baroness Botreaux [i368],('^) Baroness Hunger-
ford, Baroness Moleyns, Baroness Hastings of Hastings, and
Baroness Hastings of Hungerford, the abeyance of these Baronies (of
which she was heir to a fourth part,(^) and the senior coh.) having been
terminated by letters patent, 6 Nov. 1871, in her favour. She d. 23 Jan.
1874, aged 40. See fuller account under "Loudoun," Earldom of [S.],
with which dignity these Baronies thus became united.
(') On the 18 Nov. 1858 he iwc. his mother in this Barony, of which, at his death,
in 1868, the representation devolved on his 5 sisters, viz. the 4 daughters (hereafter
mentioned) of his father, and Barbara, Baroness Churston, the da. of his said mother
by her 2nd husband, Admiral Sir Hastings Reginald Yelverton, G.C.B.
C') The Earldom of Loudoun, i3c. [S.], was inherited by the 2nd Marquess of
Hastings on the death of his mother. Flora, sua jure Countess of Loudoun, i3\. [S.],
on 9 Jan. 1 840.
(■=) The Marquesses of Hastings (1840 to 1868) possessed a Peerage not only of
England, Scotland, Ireland, but of Great Britain, and of the United Kingdom.
(^) See ante, p. 241, note "e."
(') The other coheirs were her three younger sisters of the w^hole blood, viz.: (i)
Bertha Lelgarde, h. 30 Apr. 1835, who w., 11 Dec. 1855, Augustus Wykeham
Clifton, and in whose favour the Barony of Grey (of Ruthin), to which, in right of
her mother, she was one of the five coheirs (see note "a" above) was terminated
by patent, 29 Dec. 1885; (2) Victoria Mary Louisa, b. 18 July 1837, m., 31 Oct.
1859, J°h" Forbes Stratford Kirwan, and d. 30 Mar. 1888, leaving issue; and (3)
Frances Augusta Constance, h. lb Mar. 1844 (posthumous), m., 30 July 1 863,
Charles (Marsham) Earl of Romney.
246 BOURCHIER
BOTTESFORD
i.e. "BoTTESFORD OF BoTTESFORD, CO. Leicester," Barony {Manners-
Sutton), see "Canterbury," Viscountcy of, cr. 1835.
BOUGHTON
See "Montagu ofBoughton, co. Northampton," Barony {Montagu),
cr. 1 62 1, extinct (together with the Dukedom of Montagu) 1749.
See "Montagu of Boughton, co. Northampton," Barony {Montagu,
formerly Brudenell), cr. 1762, extinct 1770.
See "Montagu of Boughton, co. Northampton," Barony {Montagu,
formerly Brudenell), cr. 1786, extinct 1845.
BOURCHIER or BURGCHIER
BARONY BY i. Robert Bourchier, s. and h. of John Bourchier,
WRIT. Burgchier, or Bousser,(^) of Stansted, in Halstead,
T o Essex, one of the Judges of the Common Pleas (1321),
^^ ' by Helen, da. and h. of Walter of Colchester, of Stan-
sted afsd., was a "Man at Arms" as early as 1324; was
M.P. for Essex 1329, 1330, 1332, and 1339; sue. his father in 1329, and
in July 1334 is said to have been made Ch. Justice of the King's Bench [I.],
but does not appear to have accepted the office. In 1337 he was in the
FrenchWars, at the battle of Cadsant. He was appointed Lord Chancellor C")
by the King (being the 2nd layman ever so appointed), and sworn in 14 Dec.
1 340, with a grant of ;^ 500 a year beyond the accustomed fees. His appointment
was unpopular, and he resigned it 28 Oct. I34i.('^) He was one of 96 per-
sons sum. to a Council (which, though often so regarded, was not a regular
Pari.) 25 Feb. (1341/2) 16 Edw. III,('^) and was sum. to Pari. 20 Nov.
(1348) 22 Edw. Ill to 10 Mar. (1348/9) 23 Edw. Ill, by writs directed
Roberto Burgchier, whereby he may be held to have become LORD BOUR-
CHIER or BURGCHIER. He again distinguished himself as a warrior,
and fought at the battle of Crecy 26 Aug. 1346, and was twice (1347 and
1349) engaged as one of the Embassy to treat for peace. He m. Margaret,
da. and h. of Sir Thomas Prayers, of Sible Hedingham, Essex, by Anne,
da. and h. of Hugh of Essex. He d. of the plague, 1349, and was bur.
at Halstead.
(*) "The name is written so variously as to render its etymology very doubtful.
Burser is one of its numerous forms. The latinization De burgo charo (of the dear
borough) affords us no clue. It is sometimes confounded with Boucher, O. Fr. for
Butcher.'''' (Lower's Family Names).
C") For this and other great offices of state see Appendix D to this volume. V.G.
('^) He was succeeded in the office by 3 laymen, viz,. Sir Robert Parving 1341-43,
Sir Robert Sadington 1343-45, John Offord 1345-49, when an ecclesiastic was again
appointed, namely Bishop John Thoresby. V.G.
('') As to this Writ see Preface; as to how far these early Writs of Summons did
in fact create any Peerage title, see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
BOURCHIER 247
II. 1349- 2. John (Bourchier), Lord BouRCHiER, s. and h. In
1355 he was with Prince Edward in Germany; in 1364
at the battle of Auray, which restored the Duke of Brittany to his inherit-
ance; in 1370 was one of the Council to the King's Lieut, in France; in
Dec. 1379 was with the fleet (whereof so many perished) intended to con-
vey succour to the Breton army; in 1380, being then a Banneret, was
with Thomas, "of Woodstock," Duke of Buckingham, in France, and from
16 July (138 1) 5 Ric. II to 30 Sep. (1399) i Henry IV, was sum. to Parl.,(^)
the King, by patent, 14 Feb. following, dispensing with his future attend-
ance there owing to his age and infirmities. He was sent in 1384 as
Governor in Chief ("Ruward") of Flanders, to assert the right of Richard II
(as Lord Paramount) to homage for that territory, and remained as such
for I 8 months at Ghent, when that city was evacuated by the English and
submitted to the Duke of Burgundy. In 1392 he was nom. K.G., and
had robes of scarlet issued to him at the gorgeous celebration of that Order
in 1399. He m. Elizabeth, da. of Sir John Coggeshall. He c/. 21 May
1400.
III. 1400. 3. Bartholomew (Bourchier), Lord Bourchier, only
s. and h. He was sum. to Pari. 9 Sep. (1400) i Hen. IV
to 26 Oct. (1409) 1 1 Hen. IV,(^) the last writ being dat. more than 5 months
after his death, but he also, like his father, obtained exemption from Pari.
16 Nov. 1405. He 7»., istly, before 5 July 1396, when she was living, Mar-
garet, widow of Sir John Sutton, but had no issue by her. He »/.,
2ndly, IdoIne,(^) widow of John Glevant, and formerly of Edmund
Brook-sburn, and da. of ( — ) Lovey. He d'. s.p.nx, 18 May 1409, and
was bur. at Halstead. His widow d. 12 Sep. 1410.
IV. 1409. 4. Elizabeth, according to modern doctrine, j«o y«r^
Baroness Bourchier, da. and sole h. by 2nd wife, aged
10 in 1 409. She m., istly, before Sep. 1410, Sir Hugh Stafford, who,
doubtless in consequence of such marriage,('') was sum. to Parl.(^)
from 21 Sep. (141 1) 12 Hen. IV to 22 Mar. (1412/3) i Hen. V, by
writs directed Hugoni Stafford.(f) Nom. K.G. while serving with the King
in Normandy in 1418 or early in 1419. He d. s.p., 25 Oct. 1420. She
w., 2ndly, Sir Lewis Robessart, K.G. (so nom. 3 May 1421), Standard
Bearer to Henry V, who similarly was sum. to Parl.C) from 24 Feb.
(1424/5) 3 Hen. VI to 3 Aug. (1429) 7 Hen. VI, by writs directed
(^) There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting.
C") For some discussion on mediaeval English names see vol. iii, Appendix C. V.G.
(') For a list of persons who have been sum. to Pari, in right of their wives, see
vol. V, Appendix A. V.G.
(■*) See note sub Elizabeth, Baroness le Boteler [1369].
248 BOURCHIER
Lodewico Robessart.(^) He d. s.p., 26 Nov. 1431, being killed in an action
near Amiens, and was bur. in Westm. Abbey. She d. a widow, and ;./>.,
I July 1433, and was also bur. there.
V. 1433. 5. Henry (Bourchier), Lord Bourchier, as also
Count of Eu in Normandy, cousin and h., being s.
VISCOUNTCY. and h. of Sir William Bourchier, Count of EujC") afsd.
I 1446. (^° '■''• '° Juf^c 1419), by Anne, widow of Edmund,
Earl of Stafford, da. and h. of Thomas,('') Duke of
Gloucester (yst. s. of Edward III), which Sir William was s. and h. of
another Sir William Bourchier, the yr. s. of Robert, istLoRD Bourchier
abovenamed. On 28 May 1420, when scarcely 16, he i«f. his father in his
Norman Countship, and about 13 years afterwards sue. his cousin in the
English estates, after which he was sum. to Pari, from 5 July (1435) 13
Hen. VI to 13 Jan. (1444/5) ^3 Hen. VI, ('^) by writs variously directed
Henrico Bourgchier CKlr^ Henrico Bourghchier de Bourghchier or Henrico
Bourgchier Comiti de Ewe.(f) Shortly after this last writ he was cr., by
patent, VISCOUNT BOURCHIER Q (possibly Viscount Bourchier of
Tickhill,(8) CO. York), and was sum. to Pari, as such from 14 Dec. (1446)
(*) In Beltz's Knights of the Garter, p. 97, the description of these men is " Hugh
Stafford, Lord Bourchier" and " Sir Lewis Robessart — Lord Bourchier." This would
seem to imply (not only that '■'■Bourchier" was their Peerage title, but) that Hugh
was Lord Bourchier when elected, and that Lewis became Lord Bourchier, after his
election. See note sub Boteler, ut supra.
i^) This Earldom was granted by Henry V to this Sir William Bourchier and the
heirs male of his body by Anne, his wife, but the actual possession of the Norman
" County" was lost in 1450, when the English were driven out of Normandy. An
interesting and full account of the " Counts of Eu," written by R. E. Chester
Waters, was published in the Transactions of the Yorkshire Archaological Society in
1886.
(') As to his supposed name of " Plantagenet " see vol. i, p. 183, note"c." V.G.
{^) See note " a " on previous page.
(') Observe, however, that this writ is not in the same form as that to English
Earls, where the surname is omitted; e.g. the writ '■'fohanni, Comiti Oxon" in the same
Pari. As to the using a foreign title of a higher grade in the summons of an
English Peer, see the cases of the Earldom of Angus [S.], 1297-1380; the Earldom
of Atholl [S.] 1322-1369; the Earldom of Buchan [S.], 1334-1339, where the Lords
Umfreville, the Lords Strathbogie, and the Lords Beaumont were respectively so
summoned ; see also the writ in 1348 to Edwardo de Balliolo Regi Scotia; that in
1370 to Edward, Prince of Aquttaine and Wales, b'c.
(') He was the second of that order. The first who was so created (Viscount
Beaumont) had like himself a French feudal Peerage. Though no patent of his
creation is enrolled, it was expressly stated by Norroy King of Arms (on the occasion
of the creation of the Viscountcy of Berkeley in 1480) that the creation was "ij*
patent and in his gown." Sec Courthope, p. xlvii. G.E.C. He was one of the 4
sons of Sir William Bourchier, Count of Eu, who all sat together in the House of
Lords. See note sub Eu, and for simitar cases see note sub Boyle of Kinalmeaky.
V.G.
(*) See Chester Waters' treatise (as referred to in note "b") p. 2.
BOURCHIER 249
25 Hen. VI to 23 May (1461) i Edw. IV. On 30 June 1461 he was cr.
EARL OF ESSEX.(^) He d. 4 Apr. 1483. See fuller account under
"Essex," Earldom of, cr. 1483, extinct 1540.
[William Bourchier, sty/edViscovNT Bourchier, s. and h. ap. He m.,
before 15 Aug. 1467, Anne, sister of Elizabeth, Queen Consort of
Edward IV, 3rd da. and coh. of Richard (Wydville), Earl Rivers, by
Jacquette, da. of Pierre de Luxembourg, Count of St. Pol and Con-
VERSANo. He d. v.p., being slain at the battle of Barnet (on the Yorkist
side), 14 Apr. 1471. His widow m., 2ndly, Sir Edward Wingfield, and
3rdly, as his ist wife, in 1480, George (Grey), Earl of Kent, who d.
21 Dec. 1503. She d. 30 July 1489.]
II.
BARONY.
VI.
6. Henry (Bourchier), Earl of Essex, Vis-
_ count Bourchier and Lord Bourchier, also
^ ^' Count of Eu in Normandy, grandson and h., being
posthumous s. and h. of William Bourchier, styled
Viscount Bourchier, and Anne, his wife above-
named. He d. s.p.m., 13 Mar. 1539/40, when the Earldom of Essex and
the Viscountcy of Bourchier became extinct.(^) See fuller account under
"Essex," Earldom of, cr. 1483; extinct 1 §40.
VII. 1540. 7. Anne, j«oy«r^. Baroness Bourchier, da. and sole h.
She m. (lie. Bp. of London), 9 Feb. 1526/7 (as the ist
of his three wives), William Parr, cr. in 1539, Baron Parr of Kendal,
in 1543, Earl of Essex, and both in 1547 and 1559, Marquess of
Northampton. His creation as Earl of Essex, 23 Dec. 1 543, is remarkable
as being " with the same place and voice in Pari, as /lis wife' s father had in
his lifetime," notwithstanding that, early that year, he had repudiated his
said wife and obtained an Act of Pari., 17 Apr. 1543, declaring her children
bastards and incapable of inheriting. In 1552 his influenceasleader of the
Protestant party enabled him to obtain another Act altogether annulling
such marriage, and declaring his marriage, in his said wife's lifetime,(f) to
(^) As to this title, see note sub Henry, Earl of Essex [1461].
('') The Countship of Eu, in Normandy, should have devolved on John (Bour-
chier), Earl of Bath, the h. male of the body of the grantee. These heirs male how-
ever, who never assumed that foreign title, became extinct in 1 654. The style of
"Earl of Eu" was (as early as 1576) used (wrongfully) by the heirs general
(Devereux), Earls of Essex, till their extinction in 1646.
(f) " This Act was without precedent, and was not passed without protest, for the
Catholic doctrine that the bond of matrimony was insoluble was still an article of
national belief, and, until the time of the Commonwealth, judgement in causes matri-
monial was reserved to the Church." (The Earls of Eu, by R. E. Chester Waters,
referred to on previous page, note " b"). The act of 1 5 52 was repealed next year by
Queen Mary. For " the time of the Commonwealth " should [writes H. Gough]
be read "the time of the Divorce act of 1858," as divorces by spec, acts of Pari,
were, of course, in contravention of the general law. G.E.C^ and V.G.
250
BOURCHIER
Elizabeth Brooke, to be valid. The Marquess d. 28 Oct. 1 570, aged about
58, and soon afterwards his divorced wife (the Baroness) d. in obscurity and
s.p. legit., 28 Jan. i 570/1. See fuller account of him under "Northamp-
ton," Marquessate of, cr. 1547 and 1559; extinct 1570.
VIII. 1570. 8. Walter (Devereux), Viscount Here-
ford, Lord Ferrers, and Lord Bourchier, calling
himself also " Viscount Bourchier,^' (f) cousin and h., being s. and h. of
Sir Richard Devereux, who was s. and h. ap. of Walter, ist Viscount
Hereford, fePc., who was s. and h. of John (Devereux), Lord Fer-
rers, by Cicely, sister (whose issue became sole h.) to Henry (Bour-
chier), Earl of Essex, Viscount Bourchier and Lord Bourchier,
father of Anne, sua jure Baroness Bourchier, abovenamed. On
4 May 1 572 he was cr. EARL OF ESSEX. He d. 22 Sep. 1576.
IX.
X
1576 9. Robert (Devereux), Earl of Essex, fffc,
to s. and h., the celebrated favourite of Queen Eliza-
160 1. beth. Beheaded znd attainted, 25 Feb. 1 600/1.
1604 10. Robert Devereux, only s. and h., who,
to being (with his sisters) restored in blood and
1647. honours 18 Apr. 1604, became Earl of
Essex, Viscount Hereford, Lord Ferrers,
and Lord Bourchier. (**) He d. s.p., 14 Sep. 1646, when the
Earldom of Essex became extinct, the Viscountcy of Hereford
devolved on his cousin and h. male, and the Baronies of Ferrers
and of Bourchier fell into abeyance between his two sisters, or
their issue. (")
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(*) Will dated 14 June 1576, styling himself " Erie of Essex and Ezve, Viscount
Hereford and Bourchier, Lord Ferrers of Chartley, Bourcheir and Lovayne." Of
these titles, as to those marked in italics, the first belonged to the Earl of Bath, the
second was extinct in 1540, and the third never existed as a Peerage Barony.
C") It should be noted, however, that the titles assumed by the Ist Earl (of the
Devereux family), are attributed to his son in the act of restoration, which recites
that "the said Robert, late Earl of Essex, before his said attainder, was lawfully and
rightly invested . . . with the name, state, place, and dignity of Earl of Essex and
£ii;^, Viscount Hereford and Bourchier, Lord Ferrers of Chartley, and Lord Bourchier
and Lovaine." See Certiorari bundles, Jac. I, no. II.
(') These were (i) Frances, who m. William (Seymour), Duke of Somerset, and
d. 23 Nov. 1679, whose representative (through the families of Seymour, Bruce,
Brydges, and Grenville), was the last Duke of Buckingham and Chandos {d. 1889);
and (2) Dorothy, who m., istly, Sir Henry Shirley, Bart., and 2ndly, William
Stafford, and d. 30 Mar. 1636. Her grandson and h., Sir Robert Shirley, Bart., who
in her right represented a moiety of the Barony of Ferrers, was sum. to Pari, in that
Barony, 14 Dec. 1677.
The abeyance of the Barony of Bourchier has never been terminated, though, in
1784, on the creation of George (Townshend), Lord Ferrers, as Earl of Leicester,
BOURCHIER 251
BOURCHIER (or BOURGHCHIER) OF BERNERS
See"BERNERs" Barony, fr. 1455. John Bourchier, who m. Margery,
da. and h. of Richard Berners, was sum. to Pari. 26 May 1455, by writ
directed Johanni Bourgchier de Berners. The Barony is, however, generally
held to be that oC Berners."
BOURCHIER OF CROMWELL [1461]
See "Cromwell" Barony, cr. 1375. Humphrey Bourchier, 3rd s. of
Henry, Earl of Essex, having m. Joan, da. and coh. of Sir Richard
Stanhope (by Maud, da. of Ralph (Cromwell), Lord Cromwell, and sister
and h. of Ralph, Lord Cromwell), was sum. to Pari, from 25 July 1461
to 15 Oct. 1470, by writs directed Humfndo Bourchier de Cromwell^
Humfrido Domino Cromwell, or Humfrido Cromwell ChPr. If these sum-
monses cr. anew Barony, it became extinct at his death s.p., 14 Apr. 147 1.
The Barony, however, is presumed to be that of Cromwell.
BOURCHIER (or BOURGHCHIER) OF FITZ-
WARYN [1472]
See "Fitz-Warin" sum. by writ 1295. Fulk Bourchier, s. and h. of
William, Lord Fitz-Waryn, was sum. to Pari. 19 Aug. 1472, by writ
directed Fulconi Bourghchier de Fitzwaryn. The Barony is, however, held
to be that ofFiiz-Pf^arin."
BOURGH, BURGH, or BOROUGH (of Gainsborough)
See "Burgh" Barony (by writ), cr. 1487. The writ, however, issued
26 Apr. (1539) 31 Hen. Vlll, to the 3rd Lord, was directed T/iome
Bourgh ChTr:'
BOURKE or BURGH
Ulick Bourke or de Burg HjJ/jA'.s' Viscount Tunrridge, s.and h.ap.
of Richard, 4th Earl of Clanricarde [I. 1 543], i st Earl of St. Albans
[E. 1628], is stated in Dugdale's Summonses to have been sum. v.p. to the
House of Lords 7 Mar. 1627/8 and 20 Jan. 1628/9, by writs directed
Ulick Burch [i.e. Burgh] C/;/V primogenito Ricardi Comitis S. Albani. There
appears, however, to be no foundation for this statement; indeed, on
7 Mar. 1627/8 his father had not been cr. Earl of St. Albans. See Clan-
ricarde, Earldom of [I.], cr. 1543, under the 5th Earl and ist Marquess;
and see vol. i. Appendix G.
he is by "unaccountable negligence or ignorance" called in that Patent "Baron de
Ferrers of Chartley, Baron Bourchier, Lovaine, Baaet, and Compton," of which
Baronies the three marked in italics never vested in him. See««/r, p. 3, note "f," mb
Basset (of Drayton).
252 BOURKE
BOURKE OF BOPHINQ
See Clanricarde, Earldom of [I.], under the 9th Earl.
BOURKE OF BRITTAS
BARONY [I.] I. Theobald Bourke, 4th s. of Theobald B. (s. and
I ^ J. h. ap. of William, ist Baron Bourke of Connell [I.], who
d. v.p.^ 1578), by Mary, da. of Donough (O'Brien), 2nd
Earl of Thomond [I.], on the death of his two elder
brothers assumed the rank and estates of the family, to the detriment of
Edmund (then a minor), his nephew (whom he regarded as illegitimate),
the s. and h. of Thomas, his next elder br. On 10 June 1600, there is a
grant of a pension to him of ;^ioo p.a. as "Theobald, Lord Bourke of
Connell, alias Castle Connell." In a paper of June 1600, which is endorsed
"a remembrance for the Lord Burke," it is stated that the Queen
was pleased by her letter, directed to the Lord Deputy, to grant that
the applicant should hold the title of Lord Bourke until it was tried
whether he or the reputed son of his deceased br. Thomas had the best
right thereto. On 20 July 1600 he signed a letter to the Privy Council as
"Theo. Castle Connell." On 16 June 1604, he had pardon as "Theobald,
Lord Baron of Castle Connell." The said Edmund, however, having
eventually succeeded in establishing his rights (see "Bourke of Connell,"
post) he, the said Theobald, was <:r., on 17 Feb. 161 7/8, LORD BOURKE,
BARON OF BRITTAS, co. Limerick [I.]. He joined in the serious
rebellion of the Confederate Rom. Cath. Irish, 1641-45, and shared in
their defeat at Liscarrol, 3 Sep. 1642. He was dispossessed of his estates
in CO. Limerick by Cromwell. He m. Margaret, widow of Richard Burke, of
Derrymaclauchna, co. Galway, illegit. da. of Richard (de Burgh), 2nd Earl
OF Clanricarde [I.], by Honora, da. of Turlough O'Brien Mac i Brien
Arra. He d. 1654.
II. 1654. 2. John (Bourke), Lord Bourke, Baron of Brittas
[I.], s. and h., cr. a Baronet [S.] about 1638. He ;w.,
before 1654, Margaret, widow of Walter Bermingham, of Dunfert, co.
Kildare (who d. 13 June 1638), da. of Thomas (Fitzmaurice), Lord
Kerry [I.],«by his 2nd wife, Gille, da. of Richard (Power), Lord Power
OF Curraghmore [I.]. He d. s.p.m., 6, and was bur. 9 Jan. 165 8/9. C")
Fun. Entry. His widow, who was decreed innocent, 14 Mar. 1662/3, by
the Court of Claims, m., 3rdly, Charles More, Col. of a Reg. of Foot, who
was killed at the battle of Aughrim, 12 July 1691. She d. before him, at
Athlone, and was bur. in the Franciscan Monastery there.
(^) Bophin, or Boffin, is an island adjacent to co. Galway.
('') In a petition, 15 Jan. 1660/1, his widow mentions "her deceaied husband
John, Lord Brittas." (Slate Papers, [I.], 1660-62, p. iSl). V.G.
BOURKE 253
III. 1659 3. Theobald (Bourke), Lord Bourke, Baron of
to Brittas [I.], nephew and h. male,('') being s. and h. of
1 69 1. Lieut. Col. William B., by Elizabeth, da. of the Hon.
Geoffrey FitzPatrick., 3rd s. of Florence (FitzPatrick),
3rd Baron of Upper Ossory, which William was executed at Cork, by
Cromwell's orders, in 1653. On 27 June 1682 he was a prisoner in
Dublin, presumably on a charge of treason, and was petitioning the Crown
for a pardon. C') He was Lieut. Col. in the army of James II, and sat in the
Pari. [I.] of that King, 7 May i689.('') He m. Honora, da. of Murrough
(O'Brien), ist Earl of Inchiquin [I.], by Elizabeth, da. of Sir William
St. Leger. He was attainted (together with John Bourke, his s. and h. ap.)
in 1691, when his Peerage hecamt forfeited. He d. between May 1705
and 9 Sep. 1706, abroad, probably in Italy.('')
BOURKE OF CLANMORIES
VISCOUNTCY [I.] I. John Bourke, of Donsandell, co. Galway,
J . illegit.C) s. of Ulick, 3rd Earl of Clanricarde [I.],
"' by Martha Frannas, was, by pat. dat. 20 Apr. (1629)
5 Car. I, cr. VISCOUNT BOURKE OF CLAN-
MORIES, CO. Mayo [I.], with rem. to the heirs male of his body, whom
failing "to the heirs male of the body of UUick Bourke, late Earle of Clan-
(*) There exists a petition [State Papers, Ireland] of '■'■ Ethclhert, Lord Baron
of Brittas" Matthew Piunkett, son of Lord Louth, and others, which must be
between 1663 and 1669, to amend their claims before the Court of Claims and to be
restored, upon innocency, to their estates in walled towns, {ex inform. F. H. B.
Daniell). G.E.C. Ethelbert must be a mistake for Theobald; it is a very unlikely name for
an Irish chief, and no other trace has been found of an Ethelbert, Lord Bourke of
Brittas. V.G.
(*>) As Lord Bourke of Brittas he petitioned for a provision, 9 Apr. 1662. V.G.
C^) For a list of Peers present in, and absent from, this Pari., see vol. iii. Ap-
pendix D. V.G.
('') In facques II Stuart, Sa Famille, et lei facobites a Saint Germain-en-Laye, by J.
Dulon, 1897, p. 72, it is said that William Bourke, " baron de Brythas," son of Theo-
bald Bourke and Honora O'Brien, m. at the Parish Church of St. Germain, 23 Feb. 1707,
Marie, da. of [Sir] Richard Nagle by Jane [da. of James] Kearney [of Rathcool], and
that the following sons of the marriage were h. and hap. at St. Germain, (i) Jacques
Edouard, 27 Nov. 17 14, (2) Jean Christophe, 25 June 17 17. Also (p. 73) it is said
that Richard Bourke, son of Theobald B., " baron de Brythas," m., at St. Germain
(i) 9 June 1 71 3, Marie Thdrese, fille de Georges de Rattray, by Anne Maxwell;
(2) 1732, "Marie Oneill fille de ddfunt Gordon Oneill," and that he d. at St.
Germain, and was imr. in the Parish Church there, 4 Nov. 1750, aged 68. On
p. 74 it is stated that the children of the first marriage were (i) Jean Charles, b.
II Dec. 171S; (2) Thomas Roland, b. 24 July 1718; (3) Guillaume Richard, b.
24 Feb. 1723. (ex inform. David C. Herries). Lodge gives a different and apparently
inaccurate pedigree. See p. 257, note " b." V.G.
(^) In the funeral entry of Capt. Anthony Brabazon, 19 Sep. 1597, he is styled
" John Bourke 3rd sonne to Ulike Earl of Clanrickard with Martha Frannas." V.G.
254 BOURKE
rickard, father of the said John, lawfully begotten. "Q He m. Catharine,
only da. of Capt. Anthony Brabazon, of Ballynasloe in Connaught, by
Ursula, da. of Sir Nicholas Malby, of Roscommon, Lord President of
Connaught. He d. at his Manor House, Dunsandle, co. Galway, i6 Nov.,
and was bur. 17 Dec. 1633, at the Abbey of Athenry. Fun. certif. [I.]. His
widow was living 13 June 1656, when shewas allotted 951 acres in Connaught.
II. 1633. 2. Thomas (Bourke), Viscount Bourke of Clan-
MORiES [I.], s. and h. He was in command of a troop of
horse, under his cousin the Marquess of Clanricarde [I.], during the re-
bellion. He sat in the Pari. [I.] of 14 July 1634. He m., before 1633,
Margaret, da. of Christopher (Fleming), Lord Slane [I.], by Eleanor, da.
of Sir Patrick Barnewall, of Turvey, co. Dublin. He appears to have d.
s.p.m.,Q') when the Peerage apparently ("=) devolved, under the spec. rem.
in its creation, as below.
III. 1650? 3. Ulick (Bourke or de Burgh), Marquess of
Clanricarde [I. 1646], Earl of Clanricarde [I. 1543],
Viscount Bourke of Clanmories [I. 1629], i^c, ist cousin and h. male,
being s. and h. of Richard, 4th Earl of Clanricarde [I.], who was eldest
br. of the ist Viscount. He had sue. his father in that Earldom in 1635,
and had been cr. a Marquess as above in 1646. See Clanricarde, Earl-
dom [I.], cr. 1543, under the 5th Earl.
BOURKE OF CONNELL or CASTLE CONNELLY)
BARONY [I.] I. William Bourke, s. and h. of Edmund B., of
Castle Connell, co. Limerick,('') lord of the territory of
I. 1580. Clanwilliam;(') was knighted by the Lord Deputy Sydney
[I.] 31 Mar. 1567, and, having distinguished himself in
(^) The preamble is given in Lodge, vol. i, p. 131. The limitation in the patent
was compared with the orig. by Sir Bernard Burke, sometime Ulster King of Arms.
C') According to O'Hart's /r«/;Pfr%rm (a most untrustworthy authority), 5th edit.,
vol. ii, p. 79, note §, "The son of this Thomas was Oliver Richard Burke, the third
Viscount Claremorris [sic], who in 1657, under the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell,
lost his title and estates; was married to a daughter of Edmond Burke of Annakeen.
The son of this Oliver was Edmond Burke, who was a lieutenant in the Duke of
Berwick's Regiment in the service of King James the Second." The title does not
appear on Ulster's Roll after the Restoration, apparently having merged in that of
Clanricarde. {ex inform. G. D. Burtchaell). V.G.
(■=) It is possible that the Viscount may have outlived the Marquess (who d.
1657), in which case the Viscountcy would have devolved on the Marquess's successor
in the Earldom of Clanricarde [I.].
(^) For the ranking of Irish Peers on several occasions, see Appendix A in vol. i.
(•=) Derived from Sir Edmund de Burgh "na Feisoge," one of the (bastard?) sons
of Richard "the Red," Ear! of Ulster [I.], which Edmund was murdered by his
kinsman in 1328.
(') This was situated in the counties of Limerick and Tipperary, and extended
for 23 miles in length. {State Papers [I.], Addenda, 1625-60). V.G.
BOURKE 255
the defeat (19 Aug. 1578) of James Fitz Maurice, that "arch traitor,"(^)
in which engagement two of Sir William's sons were slain, was, on 16 May
1580, cr.(^) BARON BOURKE OF CONNELL in Ireland [I.]. He
m. Catharine, da. of Sir John Fitz-Thomas Fitz-Gerald styling himself Earl
of Desmond,(') by Maud, da. of Mahon O'Brien, of Carrigogunnel, co.
Limerick. He d'. 1584.
II. 1584. 2. John (Bourke), Baron Bourke of Connell, or
Castle Connell [I.], grandson and h., being s. and h. of
Theobald Bourk.e, by Mary, da. of Donough (O'Brien), 2nd Earl of
Thomond [I.], which Theobald was s. and h. ap. of the last Lord, and was
slain, v.p., 19 Aug. 1578, in the fight abovenamed. He sat in Pari. [I.] as
a Baron 26 Apr. 1585. He <:/. unm., being murdered, 14 Jan. 159 1/2, on
Hounslow Heath, Midx., by one Arnold Cosby, who was hanged
accordingly.
III. 1592. 3. Richard (Bourke), Baron Bourke of Connell,
or Castle Connell [I.], br. and h. He was knighted at
Cadiz 1596, by the Lord Admiral (Lord Howard of Effingham) and the
Earl of Essex. On 26 June 1598, he was granted an annuity of ;/^2oo by
the English Govt. He signed a document, 21 Aug. 1599, as "Rich.
Castleconnell." He also d. unm., being slain at Ballynecargy, co. Limerick,
2 or 3 days before 28 Jan. 1 599/1600, ex parte regis, in the rebellion
excited by the Earl of Tyrone.
IV. 1599 Theobald Bourke, yst. and only surv. br., styled
to himself (being for a time, and to a certain extent, recog-
1618. nised as) Baron Bourke of Castle Connell [I.], on the
ground of the alleged illegitimacy of his nephew, Edmund
Bourke, hereafter named, which was disproved before 4 Feb. 16 17/8,
though the said Theobald was allowed to hold the house of Castle Connell
at a fair rent during his nephew's minority. He was cr., 1 7 Feb. 161 7/8,
Baron Bourke of Brittas [I.]. See that title.
IV. 1599- 4- Edmund (Bourke), Baron Bourke of Connell,
or Castle Connell [I.], nephew and h. male, being s.
and h. of Thomas Bourke, by Honora, da. of Connor O'Mulryan, of
Armagh, co. Limerick, an " arch rebel," which Thomas was next br. to
Richard the late Baron, and was slain shortly before him in the same
conflict, Jan. I599.('^) He was b. in 1598 or 1599, being, according to his
(*) See Vincent's Nohiles Hiberniae, in Coll. of Arms.
C^) See Creations, 1483-1646, in 47th Rep., Dep. Keeper P.R.
('^) See note sub Jamts, Earl of Desmond [1535].
(f) So found by the Jury of 1606, who added that his widow was "precluded
from her title of honour" or dower, and yet this Thomas is called "Lord Bourke of
Castle Connell" in the funeral certificate of their son, Edmund, Baron Bourke of
Connell, 1638. V.Q.
256
BOURKE
uncle Theobald's statement, about 6 months old in 1600, or, as elsewhere
stated, about 11 years in Sep. 1609. He was ed. at Trin. Coll. Dublin.
His legitimacy being disputed, the Jury were unable to decide upon it in
two separate commissions (1606 and 29 Sep. 1609), but his legitimacy was
established before 4 Feb. i6i7/8,(^) though the report in favour of it, by
the English Attorney and Solicitor General (to whom it had been referred),
was not dated till 20 Aug. i6i9.('') He sat in Pari. [I.] as a Baron in
1634. He m., istly, before May 1620, Thomasine, ist da. of Sir Thomas
Browne, of the Hospital, co. Limerick, by Mary, rst da. and coh. of
William Apsley, of Limerick, and of Pulborough, Sussex. She d. 1630.
Fun. entry, Ulster's Office [I.]. He w., 2ndly, Margaret, widow of
Donogh O'Brien, of Carrigogunnell, co. Limerick (who d. 20 June 1632),
da. of Sir George Thornton, of Bruff, in the said co., Provost Marshal
of Munster. He d. 26 Mar. 1637/8, in Limerick, and was bur. in the
Cathedral there. Fun. certif., Ulster's Office [1.]. Will (his name therein
being called "Edward") pr. [I.] 1638. His widow was among the trans-
planted Irish in 1656, and was restored to her lands 27 Feb. 1 660/1. (")
V. 1638. 5. William (Bourke), Baron Bourke of Connell,
or Castle Connell [I.], s. and h. by ist wife, b. May
1 623, at the Hospital, co. Limerick. He matric. at Trin. Coll. Dublin, 8 May
1638, as "Gulielmus Bourgh Barode Castro Conel." He was a Commander
in the Munster Army, 1 641, and was oa/Zawf^ 1643, together with o^her Rom.
Cath. Irish Lords for his share in that rebellion. He served abroad during
the Commonwealth, and was restored to his lands 3 Apr. 166 !.('') He
OT., after i Apr. 1640, Ellen, da. of Maurice (Roche), Viscount Fermoy [I.],
by Ellen, da. of John Power, of Curraghmore.
VI. 1665? 6. Thomas (Bourke), Baron Bourke of Connell, or
Castle Connell [I.], s. and h. He m. Margaret, da. of
Matthew Hore, of Shandon, co. Waterford. He d. in i687.(*)
(^) On that date the wardship of "Edmund, Lord Burgh of Castle Connell"
was granted to his uncle, Sir Lawrence Esmonde, in consideration of his having
maintained and educated him, and "established his claim to the title." V.G.
C^) " He wishes to go to the wars, and make a fortune, as he is too poor to be a
Baron, his uncle. Lord Bourke of Brittas having weakened him by swallowing up his
estate, whilst Lord B. of Castle Connell was a minor." (Lord Falkland, 20 June
1627). V.G.
(■=) The account of this peer has been kindly furnished by G. D. Burtchaell,
Athlone Pursuivant, of the OfBce of Arms, Dublin. V.G.
if) His name as "William, Baron of Castle Connell" appears in 1663 among the
Irish Rom. Caths. who prayed for the Royal protection. See note sub William
Taafe, s. and h. ofTheobald, Earl of Carlingford [1661]. V.G,
(«) MSS. Trin. Coll. Dublin, F. 3, 27. V.G.
BOURKE 257
VII. 1687 7. William (Bourke), Baron Bourke of Connell,
to or Castle Connell [I.], s. and h. He sat in the Pari. [I.]
1691. of James II, 7 May 1689, (^) and followed that King into
exile. He was attainted in 1691, when his Peerage became
forfeited. He d. s.p. in France.('')
BOURKE OF MAYO
See under "Mayo," Viscountcy [I.], cr. 162J; extinct 1767.
BOURKE
On 3 Feb. 1726/7 Sir Toby [Theobald] Bourice was cr. BARON
BOURKE [I.] by the titular King James III. He was Envoy
from James III to the King of Spain, Apr. i'Jo§.{'')
BOWEN OF COLWOOD
BARONY Charles Synge Christopher Bowen, ist s. of the
FOR LIFE. Rev. Christopher Bowen, of Hollymount, co. Mayo,
y „ sometime Rector of St. Thomas's, Winchester, by Cathe-
"■^ rine,('^) da. of Sir Richard Steele, 3rd Bart. [I.]. He was
» ^. at Woolaston, near Chepstow, 29 Aug. 1831; ed. at
94- Rugby (1843), and at Ball. Coll. Oxford; Scholar, 1854;
(^) For a list of peers present in, and absent from, this Pari, see vol. iii.
Appendix D. V.G.
C") The next in succession to the title (had it not been for the attainder) was
John Bourke, his cousin and h. male {ityllng himself Lord Bourke of Brittas [I.]),
being s. and h. of Theobald, sometime 3rd Lord Bourke of Brittas [attainted 1 691),
s. and h. of William Bourke, br. of John, and Lord Bourke of Brittas, both being
sons of Theobald, ist Lord Bourke of Brittas, who was next br. to Thomas, 4th
Baron Bourke of Connell abovenamed. He was one of the exiled followers of the
Stuart Kings in France. He m. Catharine, da. of Col. Gordon O'Neil, and d. at
St. Germain, near Paris, leaving issue two sons — viz.: (i) John Bourke, styling
himself Lord Bourke of Connell and of Brittas [I.], s. and h., Captain in the French
service, of whom nothing further is known; and (2) Thomas Bourke, Lieut. Gen. in
the Sardinian service. In the event of the issue male of Theobald, ist Lord Bourke
of Brittas, being extinct, that of the 4 younger sons of the ist Lord Bourke of
Connell may still exist. These were — (i) Ulick B., of Garaneeky, co. Limerick;
(2) William B., slain in battle, 19 Aug. 1578; (3) David B.; and (4) John B., of
Cappagh. G.E.C. The above pedigree, which is drawn from Lodge, is clearly in-
accurate in some particulars. See ante, p. 253, note "d," sub Bourke of Brittas, which
contradicts it. V.G.
{^) For a list of the Jacobite Peerage see vol. i. Appendix F.
{^) Frances, one of her sisters, m. John Synge, of Glanmore Castle, co. Wicklow,
while Emily, another sister, m. the Rev. Edward Synge; hence her son was named
Synge.
34
258
BOWEN
1st class Mod., 1856; Fellow, 1857; B.A. and ist class, and Pres. of the
Oxford Union Soc.,('') 1858; having obtained the Hertford scholarship in
1855, the Ireland Scholarship, and Latin verse Prize in 1857, and the
Arnold Prize in 1859. M.A., 1872, being cr. D.C.L., 13 June 1883.
Barrister (Line. Inn), 1861; Junior Standing Counsel to the Treasury,
and Recorder of Penzance, 1872; one of the Judges of the Queen's Bench
Division of the High Court of Justice, 1879-82, being knighted, 26 June
1879; one of the Lords Justices of Appeal, 1882-93; P.C, 29 June 1882;
F.R.S.,2i May 1885; Hon. LL.D. of Edinburgh, 1888. Hewas, 23 Sep.
1893, made a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary (under "Mi? appellate Juris-
diction Act, 1876") being granted the dignity of a Baron for lifeC') by the
style of BARON BOWEN OF COLWOOD, Sussex. Trustee of the
Brit. Museum 1893 till his death. He w., 7 Jan. 1862, at St. John's,
Paddington, Emily Frances, sister of Stuart, ist Baron Rendel of Hatch-
lands, 1st da. of James Meadows Rendel, of Plymouth, Civil Engineer,
by Catherine Jane, da. of W. James Harris, of Plymouth. He d. s.p., of
"a cruel disease, borne with exemplary patience," in Princes gardens, 10 Apr.
1894, aged 59, and was bur. at Slaugham, Sussex, when his Peerage became
extinct.i^) Will pr. at ;^26,994 personalty. His widow d., after a long
illness, at 2 Queen's Gate gardens, 24, and was bur. 27 Mar. 1897, at
Slaugham. W^ill pr. at ;^34,250 personalty.
(*) For a list of peers who have been Presidents of the Union Society at Oxford
or at Cambridge, see vol. iv. Appendix F.
('') See ante, page 180, note " b," sub "Blackburn" as to these creations.
(') He is spoken of, by one who knew him well, as "of an amiable disposition; a
baby face, and mincing manner; a subtle mind and ready wit; entirely devoid of hum-
bug." According to A. G. C. Liddcll, " He had that almost exaggerated suavity and
politeness which characterised Oxford men in the fifties." The Times (12 Feb.
1897) writes of him as "versatile, many sided, gifted; and nimble minded,
' delightfully clever ' as his first schoolmaster characterized him, and possessed of
fascinating social gifts. As counsel he was matchless in industry; with juries he
was not very successful." Some of his witty sayings are widely known, e.g., that
the Judges' address to the Sovereign should not run " conscious as we are of our
shortcomings," but " conscious as we are of one another's shortcomings," as also
his paraphrase of the title of a work, called Defence of the Church of England, by a
Beneficed Clergyman, as " Defence of the 39 articles by a bond fide holder for value."
His distinguished career as a scholar was succeeded by one hardly less so at the Bar.
He was a member of the Western Circuit; was junior counsel (Coleridge, afterwards
Chief Justice, being the senior) for the infant heir in the first "Tichborne trial," and
again (with Hawkins, Q.C.) at the longer criminal trial that followed; he was com-
plimented by Ch. Justice Coleridge for his able summing up of the Duke of Norfolk's
[successful] claim to the Fitzalan chapel attached to Arundel church. His life, by Sir
Henry Cunningham, was pub. in 1897. -^ touching tribute was paid to him soon
after his death, by the Master of the Rolls, Lord Esher, who declared in the Court of
Appeal, that, in his opinion, Bowen "was the most distinguished Judge who had sat in
an English Court during the long period [more than 50 years] of his acquaintance
with the occupants of the English bench." It was understood that had he lived he
would have been offered the Mastership of Balliol in succession to Jowett. V.G.
BOWES 259
BOWES OF CLONLYON
BARONY [I.] I. John Bowes, s. of Thomas B., of Bishopsgate
J „ Str., London, a member of the Turners' Company, by
'^ ( — ), da. of ( — ) North, was b. about 1690, being
. sometimes said to have been a native of Surrey, and some-
' '' times of Ware, Herts. Adm. to the Inner Temple 6 Dec.
1 712, called to the Bar 29 June 17 18, and in Dublin
29 Sep. 1725; Third Sergeant [I.], 1727-28; Second Sergeant [I.], 1728-30;
M.P. for Taghmon 1731-41; Solicitor Gen. [I.], 1730-39; Attorney Gen.
[I.], 1739-41; Chief Baron of the Exchequer [I.], 1741-57, distinguishing
himself as such in the celebrated trial of "Annesley v. Earl of Anglesey,"
Michaelmas I743.('') P.C. [I.], 23 Jan. 174 1/2; Clerk of the Paper Office
[I.] 1748-67. Lord Chancellor [I.], 22 Mar. 1757 till his death. After
16 months' tenure of that office, he was cr., 15 Aug. 1758, BARON
BOWES OF CLONLYON, co. Meath [I.]. He was subsequently one of
the Lords Justices [I.] 1765 and 1766. He d. unm., 22 July 1767, when
his Peerage became extinct.(^) He was bur. in Ch. Ch. Cathedral, Dublin.
M.L Will dat. 3 Oct. 1766 and 15 July 1767, pr. 25 Nov. 1768, by
his br., Rumsey Bowes, of Binfield, Berks.
BOWES OF STREATLAM CASTLE AND OF
LUNEDALE
i.e. "Bowes of Streatlam Castle, Durham, and of Lunedale, co.
York," Bzrony (Bowes), cr. iSi ^\ extinct i%zo\ see"STRATHMORE and King-
horne," Earldom [S.].
i.e. "Bowes of Streatlam Castle, Durham, and of Lunedale, co.
York," Barony {Bowes-Lyon), cr. 1887; see "Strathmore and King-
horne," Earldom [S.].
See "Truro of Bowes, co. Midx.," Barony, cr. 1850.
BOWMONT
i.e. "Marquess of Bowmont and Cessford" [S.]; see " Roxburghe,"
Dukedom of [S.], cr. 1707.
(^) See vol. i, p. 115, note " b," sub "Altham."
C') He distinctly laid down from the Bench " that the law does not suppose any
such person to exist as an Irish Roman Catholic," such being only recognized " for
repression and punishment." {Lecky). V.G.
26o BOYD
BOYD or BOYD OF KILMARNOCK
BARONY [S.] I. Robert Boyd, s. and h. of Sir Thomas B., of
T p Kilmarnock (who ^.9 July 1 439). He was knighted, and
^"^^^ • was cr. a Peer of Pari. (LORD BOYD [S.]) by James II
^ |j at some date between 145 1 and 18 July i454,(')
''■ " ■ when he took his seat, as such, in Pari. In 1460 he
was one of the Regents [S.] during the King's minority. In 1464 he was
one of the commissioners for a truce with Edward IV. Having obtained
possession of the person of the young King (for which, as hereafter men-
tioned, he was eventually condemned for high treason), he was, by Act of
Pari. 25 Oct. 1466, made sole Governor of the Realm [S.]; Great Cham-
berlain [S.] 1467. Early in this year he procured the marriage of his eldest
son, Thomas, (cr. Earl of Arran [S.] for that occasion) with Mary, elder sister
of the King, which aroused the jealousy of the other nobles. He obtained the
cession of Orkney to Scotland, 8 Sep. 1468, from Christian, King of Norway,
for whose da., Margaret, he negotiated a marriage with the King. While
absent for that purpose he and his said son (the Earl of Arran) and his br.
(and coadjutor) Sir Alexander Boyd, were aUaifited (or high treason, as stated
above, whereby his Peerage became forfeited. He m. Mariot (or Janet), C')
da. of Sir Robert Maxwell, of Calderwood. She d. after 25 June 1472,
apparently early in 1473. ^^ ^^^ living Easter 1480/1, and d. before Oct.
1482, it is said, at Alnwick, where he had fled in 1469.
II. 1482. 2. James Boyd, grandson and h., being only s. of Thomas
B., Earl of Arran, by Mary, ist da. of James II, which
Thomas was ist s. of the ist Lord Boyd, but d. v.p., about 1473. -^^
was restored to his lands 14 Oct. 1482, but has been generally supposed
by Peerage writers not to have been restored to his honours. He had,
however, sasine of various lands, on three different dates in Oct. 1482,
as James Lord Boyd, and was witness to a charter, Jan. 1483/4, under the
same designation. He d. v.p., and unm., in 1484, aged about 15, being
killed in a feud with Hugh Montgomery of Eglintoun.('')
III. 1484. 3. Alexander Boyd, uncle and h., and, but for the at-
tainder, Lord Boyd (though he does not appear to have been
recognised as such), being 2nd s. of the ist Lord B. He is wrongly stated,
by old writers, to have been beheaded at the time of his father's attainder
in 1469. Chamberlain of Kilmarnock before 2 Aug. 1488. Witness to
(*) In the Exchequer account of that year he is spoken of as " Robert Boyd, of
Kilmarnock." See Exch. Rolls, vol. v, p. 453. Supplement to Acts of Pari. [S.] in
Index vol., p. 23. {ex inform. G. Burnett, sometime Lyon).
(b) Exch. Rolls [S.], vol. viii, p. 53. V.G,
(•=) " In ipso adolescentis flore periit, inimicorum insidiis circumventus." (Boyd
of Trochrig). For his only sister and h., see vol, i, p. 220, note " a."
BOYD 261
the sasine of Queen Margaret to the Lordship of Kilmarnock, 19 Apr.
1 504. He m. (disp. after m. and birth of children, 23 Nov. 1 505) Janet,
da. of Sir Robert Colville, of Ochiltree. He was living 26 June 1 508.
if If if Hf ll- if *
IV. 1545 4- Robert Boyd, of Kilmarnock, s. and h., Chamber-
or lain of Kilmarnock till 1534. He was served h. 11 Mar.
1546. 1544, to James, 2nd Lord Boyd, (being thus acknowledged
as the head of the family) was confirmed by a novodamus,
dat. between Sep. 1 545 and Nov. 1 546, in all the estates, honours and
dignities that belonged to his grandfather, whereby he became LORD
BOYD [S.]. He ;«., istly, before 1518, Helen, da. of Sir John Somer-
viLLE, of Cambusnethan. She was living 13 Aug. 1536. He m., 2ndly,
before Dec. 1542, Elizabeth Napier, widow of Humphrey Colquhoun, of
Luss. He m., 3rdly, before 10 Feb. 1548/9, Marion, da. of Sir John
Colquhoun, of Luss. He d. between 29 July 1557 and 10 May 1558.
His widow m. Capt. Thomas Crawfurd, of Jordanhill.
V. 1558. 5. Robert (Boyd), Lord Boyd [S.], s. and h., b. about
1517. Chamberlain of Kilmarnock 1534. Heappears,in 1544,
to have aided the Regent Arran in defeating the Earl of Glencairn [S.] at Glas-
gow, but in 1 546 to have taken the part of the Lords of the Congregation
against the Queen Regent. P.C. 17 May 1567. His political conduct was
unstable, but he was a supporter of Queen Mary at the battle of Langside,
13 May 1 568, and appears to have stood high in her favour. P.C. [S.] 7 Sep.
1 57 1 to 1573/4, and July 1 574 till his death. He was an extraordinary Lord
of Session [S.], 1573-78, 1578-83, and 1586-88; a Commissioner to treat with
England, 1578 and 1586, besides holding a variety of smaller offices. He
was a party to the Raid of Ruthven, in Aug. 1 579, and was banished after the
King's escape in June 1583, being recalled Feb. 1585/6. He m. (cont.
1535) his cousin, Margaret, da. and h. of George Colquhoun, of Glins,
by Margaret, da. of Alexander, 3rd Lord Boyd. He d. 3 Jan. 1589/90, in
his 72nd year, and was bur. at Kilmarnock. M.I.(*) Will pr. 8 June 1590,
at Edinburgh. His widow d. Aug. 1601, and was bur. at Glasgow. Will
dat. 13 May 1601.
VL 1590. 6. Thomas (Boyd), Lord Boyd [S.], 2nd (^) but 1st surv.
s. and h., b. about 1547. He, with his father, fought at the
battle of Langside, 13 May 1568, on behalf of his Queen. He resigned
if) See Diet, of Nat. Biog., where a full account is given of him. In this (as in
Douglas) he is, for some cause, called the 4th Lord, though, if the attainder be disre-
garded (whereby three persons, viz. [i] the Earl of Arran (living 1481), [2] James
Boyd {d. 1484), s. and h. of the Earl Arran, and [3] Alexander Boyd (living 1505),
uncle and h. of the said James would have been excluded from the succession), he
would apparently, have been the 5th Lord.
C") His elder br., Robert Boyd, styled Master of Boyd, s. and h. ap., living 14 Oct.
1550, d. s.p. and v.p.y soon afterwards.
262 BOYD
his whole estate to the King, from whom, on I2 Jan. 1 591/2, he obtained
a new charter thereof, " erecting the same into a free Lordship and Barony,
to be called the Lordship and Barony of Kilmarnock" to himself for life, with
rem. to his s. and h. ap., Robert, Master of Boyd, in tail male, rem. to
"heirs male," thereby excluding the heirs gen. Under this grant he, not
improbably, became LORD BOYD OF KILMARNOCK [S.]. He w.,
istly, before 1568, when she was living, Margaret, 2nd da. of Sir Matthew
Campbell, of Loudoun, by Isabel, da. of Sir John Drummond, of Inner-
peffry. He w., lastly, Elizabeth Wallace, who surv. him.(^) He d.
June 161 1.
[Robert Boyd, .s/jy/^i/ Master OF Boyd,s. and h. ap. He »?., before 1595,
Jean, da. of Mark (Kerr), Earl of Lothian [S.], by Margaret, da. of
John (Maxwell), Lord Herries [S.]. He <3'. x^./).. May 1597. His widow
w., between 4 Mar. 1606 and 16 Apr. 16 10, David (Lindsay), Earl of
Crawford [S.], by whom she had no issue, and from whom she was
divorced. She w., 3rdly, before 16 Feb. 161 8, Thomas Hamilton, of
Robertoun.]
VII. 1611. 7. Robert (Boyd), Lord Boyd (or Boyd OF Kilmarnock)
[S.], grandson and h., being s. and h. of Robert Boyd, styled
Master of Boyd, and Jean his wife abovenamed. He was b. Nov. 1595,
and was ed. at Saumur. He w., istly, before 24 Mar. 16 14/5 (cont. dat.
Oct. 1614), Margaret, widow of Hugh (Montgomerie), Earl of Eglin-
TOUN [S.], I St da. and, after 1613, h. of the Hon. Robert Montgomerie, of
Giffen, by Jean, ist da. of Sir Matthew Campbell, of Loudoun. She was
living as his wife 4 Mar. 161 5/6, but d. s.p., in 16 16. He m., 2ndly (cont.
dat. 9 Dec. 161 7), Christian, widow of Robert (Lindsay), Lord Lindsay of
Byres [S.], ist da. of Thomas (Hamilton), ist Earl of Haddington [S.],
by his 1st wife, Margaret, da. of James Borthwick, of Newbyres. He d.
28 Aug. 1628, aged 33.(^) Will dat. 17 Oct. 1623, pr. 7 May 1632. His
widow, an ardent Presbyterian, b. between 1588 and 1594, d. "very com-
fortably" at the house of her da.. Lady Scott, of Ardross, in the parish of
Elie, shortly before 22 Jan., and was bur. 6 Feb. 1645/6.
VIII. 1628. 8. Robert (Boyd), Lord Boyd (or Boyd of Kilmarnock)
[S.], only s. and h. by 2nd wife, b. about 1618, served h.
9 May 1628. He was under age on 19 June 1633. He m. (cont. 10 Sep.
(^) Scots Peerage^ vol. v, p. 165, where it is stated that Jane Stockdale, mentioned in
note "b" below as wife of a Lord Boyd, must have m. this one. If so it can only
have been as his 2nd wife, and the fact that the eldest br. was not h. before I593>
makes it almost incredible. V.G.
C") Jane, yst. of the 18 children of William Stockdale, of Green Hamerton, co.
York, being 5th da. by his 2nd wife, Dorothy, da. of Thomas Mill, of co. Durham,
m. {Fiiit. ofToris, 1666) "ye Lord Boid of Scotland." Her eldest br. of the whole
blood, Thomas, was b. 1593. V.G.
BOYD 263
1639) Anne, (tocher 25,000 merks) 2nd da. of John (Fleming), 2nd Earl
OF WiGTOuN [S.], by Margaret, da. of Alexander (Livingstone), Earl of
Linlithgow [S.]. Hed. s.p., of a fever, 17 Nov. 1640, aged about 22, and
was bur. with his ancestors. Will pr. 9 Mar. 164 1/2. His widow m.
(cont. 10 Dec. 1644) George (R.amsay), 2nd Earl of Dalhousie [S.], who
d. II Feb. 1673/4. She d. 20 Apr. 1661.
IX. 1640. 9. James (Boyd), Lord Boyd (or Boyd of Kilmarnock)
[S.], uncle and h. male, was served h. 10 Apr. 1641. He
was a Royalist, joining the association at Cumbernauld in Jan. 1641, and
being fined ;{^ 1,500 by Cromwell's Act of Grace, 1654. He »?., before 1640,
Catharine, ist da. of Robert Creyke, of the City of York, (the disinherited
son of Ralph C. of Marton, co. York) by Margaret, da. of George Thorn-
borough, of York. (^) She was bap. 3 Jan. 161 8/9, at Bridlington. He d.
Mar. 1654. Will pr. 23 Oct. 1655.
X. 1654. 10. William (Boyd), Lord Boyd (or Boyd OF Kilmar-
nock.) [S.], only s. and h. On 17 Aug. 1661 he was cr.
EARL OF KILMARNOCK [S.] to him and his heirs male for ever. In
this title the Barony of Boyd [S.] continued merged till both were forfeited
(on the attainder of the 4th Earl) in 1746. See " Kilmarnock," Earldom
of[S.l, cr. 1661 \ forfeited IJ^-S.
BOYLE [Ireland]
i.e. "Boyle," Viscountcy [I.] (Boyle), see "Shannon," Earldom of [I.],
cr. 1756.
i.e. "Erris OF Boyle, co. Roscommon," Barony [I.] (King), cr. 1800,
see "LoRTON," Viscountcy [I.], cr. 1806.
See " LoRTON of Boyle, co. Roscommon," Viscountcy [I.] (King), cr.
1806.
BOYLE OF BROGHILL
BARONY [I.] I. The Hon. Roger Boyle,^) 5th but 3rd surv. s.
of Richard, isiEarl of Cork [I.], "the Great Earl" by
I. 1628. his 2nd wife, Catharine, da. of Sir Geoffrey Fenton, was,
on 28 Feb. 1627/8, the same day on which Lewis Boyle,
his next elder br. was ennobled, as hereafter mentioned, cr. (before he was 7
years old) LORD BOYLE, BARON OF BROGHILL [I.], with a like
spec. rem. On 5 Sep. 1 660, he was cr. EARL OF ORRERY, co. Cork [I.].
See "Orrery," Earldom of [I.], cr. 1660.
(^) Hunter's Fam. Min. Gent., vol. iii, p. 951.
C*) See note "a" on next p.ige.
264 BOYLE
BOYLE OF KELBURN and BOYLE OF
STEWARTOUN &c.
BARONY [S.] I. David Boyle, of Kelburn, co. Ayr, was, on
31 Jan. 1698/9, cr. LORD BOYLE OF KELBURN,
1. 1699. STEWARTOUN, CUMBRA, LARGS and DALRY
L 1703. [S.]. On 12 Apr. 1703, he was cr. EARL OF
GLASGOW, VISCOUNT OF KELBURN, and LORD
BOYLE OF STEWARTOUN, CUMBRAES, FINNICK, LARGS,
AND DALRY [S.], with a spec. rem. (in both instances) to heirs male.
See "Glasgow," Earldom of [S.], cr. 1703.
BOYLE OF KINALMEAKY
VISCOUNTCY [I.] I. Lewis Boyle,(^) 4th but 2nd surv.
. s. of Richard, ist Earl of Cork. [I.], "the
great Earl," by his 2nd wife, Catharine, da. of Sir
Geoffrey Fenton, was l>. 23 May 16 19, and was, v.p., cr. BARON OF
BANDON BRIDGE and VISCOUNT BOYLE OF KINALMEAKY,
CO. Cork [I.], on 28 Feb. 1627/8 (being then but 8 years of age), with a
spec, rem., failing the heirs male of his body, to the heirs male of the body
of Earl Richard, his father, whom failing, to the heirs male of the said Earl
for ever-C") Knighted i Apr. 1628. Adm. to Gray's Inn, 17 Mar. 1635/6.
(*) " The four eldest [surv.] sons of the Earl of Cork are said to have been popu-
larly distinguished, as Richard the Rich (afterwrards 2nd Earl of Cork [I.],irr. in 1664,
Earl of Burlington); Lewis the Faliant {cr. in 1628, Viscount Boyle of Kinalmeaky
[I.]); Roger the Wise, (cr. in 1628, Baron Boyle of Broghill [I.], and in 1660, Earl
of Orrery [I-]); and Francis the Just, (cr. in 1660, Viscount Shannon [I.]). The fifth,
his father's favourite, was the celebrated Robert Boyle, the Philosopher, whose un-
decorated name, it is usual to observe, was superior to any title. He [d. 30 Dec. 1691,
but] left no descendants." See Craik's Romance of the Peerage, vol. iv, p. 46. G.E.C. The
only parallel cases are (a) that of Sir William Bourchier, Count of Eu, all of whose sons,
to the number of 4, were peers of the realm and sat together in Pari., i.e. (i) Henry,
Count of Eu, cr. Earl of Essex 1461, (2) Thomas, Cardinal Bourchier, Archbishop
of Canterbury, (3) Sir William Bourchier, K.G., sum. to Pari, as Lord FitzWarine,
(4) Sir John Bourchier, K.G., sum. to Pari, as Lord Berncrs. (See also note sub Eu).
[b] That of the istEarl of Mornington [I.], 4 of whose 5 sons enjoyed, simultaneously,
a like distinction, i.e. (i) Richard, Marquess Wellesley [I.], (2) William, Baron Mary-
borough [U.K.], afterwards Earl of Mornington [I.], (3) Arthur, Duke of Wellington,
(4) Henry, Baron Cowley. (See note sub Cowley), [c] That of Ralph Nevill, Earl
of Westmorland, no less than 13 of his relatives sitting together in the House of Lords
from 1450 to 1455, i.e., 4 of his sons-in-law, 4 of his grandsons, and 5 of his sons, the
latter being (i) Richard, Earl of Salisbury, (2) George, Lord Latimer, (3) William, Lord
Fauconbcrg, (4) Edward, Lord Abergavenny, (5) Robert, Bishop of Durham. See
also note sub Westmorland. V.G.
C^) The Privy Seal, dat. at Westm. 30 Nov. 1627, (directing, also, the honour of
knighthood to be conferred on him) and the preamble of the patent itself, are in
Lodge, vol. i, p. 164. The patent is printed in Nicolas' Earldom of Devon as an
BOYLE 265
He was subsequently Gov. of Bandon, and did good service to the Royal
cause in co. Cork. He m., 26 Dec. 1639, at the Chapel Royal, Whitehall
(the King giving her in marriage), Elizabeth, da. of William (Feilding),
ist Earl of Denbigh, by Susan, da. of Sir George Villiers, of Brooksby,
CO. Leicester. He d. s.p., being slain in command of a troop of Horse,
against the Rom. Cath. Confederate Irish, at the battle of Liscarroll, 3 Sep.
1642, and was bur. at Lismore. His widow, who became a Rom. Cath.,
and who was Principal Lady of the Bedchamber to the Queen Dowager,
Henrietta Maria, was on 14 July 1660, cr. COUNTESS OF GUILD-
FORD,(^) Surrey, for life. She d. about 3 Sep. 1667, at Colombes, near
Paris, when her Peerage became extinct. Will dat. 2 Sep., pr. 20 Nov. 1667.
IL 1642 2. Richard Boyle, styled Viscount Dungarvan,
or elder br. of deceased, who, as s. and h. ap. of Richard,
1643. Earl of Cork. [I.] was possibly, in 1642, entitled to
succeed, under the spec, rem., to the titles of Viscount
Boyle of Kinalmeaky and Baron of Bandon Bridge [L]. In Sep. 1643
he became actual h. to his father, and as such was unquestionably so
entitled to these Peerages as well as to the Earldom of Cork, i^c. [I.]. In
this Earldom these dignities continue merged. See " Cork," Earldom of
[I.], cr. 1620.
BOYLE OF LANESBOROUGH
Charles Boyle, s. and h. ap. of Richard, Earl of Burlington,
Baron Clifford of Lanesborough, was 16 July 1689, sum. v.p., to the
House of Lords by writ directed to Charles Boyle de Lanesborough, and
took his seat therein as Lord Boyle. By royal warrant, 10 Aug. follow-
ing, this writ was amended, and he afterwards sat as Lord Clifford in his
father's Barony of Clifford of Lanesborough, cr. i644.('') He sue. to his
father's other dignities 1698. See "Burlington" Earldom, cr. 1664,
extinct 1753, under the 2nd Earl.
argument that a patent worded to " heirs male " means heirs male collateral. The
express limitations, however, here considered necessary to extend the grant to such col-
laterals, afford in reality an argument against such extended meaning of the words " heirs
male." It is well observed by the learned John Riddell, in his Scotch Peerage Law
(1833), p. 3, note — that the grant of this Peerage " although proving [what it is to be
presumed no one ever questioned] that there could be a collateral male limitation in
honours, is not, however, an example of one simply hceredibus masculis. The limitation
is to Lewis Boyle and the heirs male of his body; whom failing, to the heirs male of
the body of Richard, Earl of Cork, his father; whom failing, rectis hosredibus masculis
dicti Comitis; the meaning, therefore, of heirs male under the last rem., is pecu-
liarly fixed by the context; and, besides, it is expressly declared in the preamble, that
the King wished not only to give the title to Lewis verum etiam omnibus hosredibus
masculis tarn de corpore, quam A latere, dicti Comitis."
(^) In this patent {only) the word " Guildford " is so spelt. The subsequent ones
(1674, 1683, and 1752) have it "Guilford."
(*) For a list of such summonses v.p., see vol. i. Appendix G.
35
266 BOYLE
BOYLE CO. LIMERICK
i.e. "Boyle, co. Limerick," Barony [I.] {Boyle), see "Shannon,"
Viscountcy of [I.], cr. i66o;(^) extinct 1740.
BOYLE OF MARSTON
BARONY. I. Charles (Boyle), Earl of Orrery, Lord Boyle,
Baron of Broghill [I.], was on 5 Sep. 171 1, cr.
1. 1 171 1. BARON BOYLE of Marston, Somerset. See "Orrery,"
Earldom of [L], cr. 1660.
BOYLE CO. WICKLOW
i.e. "Boyle, co. Wicklow," Barony [I.] (Boyle), see "Blesington,"
Viscountcy of [L], cr. 1673; extinct 1732.
BOYLE OF YOUGHAL
BARONY. [L] I. Sir Richard Boyle, P.C. [L], was, on 6 or 29
J g J g Sep. 1 6 1 6, cr. BARON BOYLE OF YOUGHAL, co.
Cork. On 26 Oct. i62ohe was cr. Viscount Dungar-
VAN and Earl of Cork. [L]. See "Cork," Earldom of [L], cr. 1620.
BOYNE
VISCOUNTCY [L] i. Gustavus Hamilton, 3rd and yst. s. of
Sir Frederick H., of Manor Hamilton, (formerly
\. 1717. Carrowrosse)intheBarony ofDromahaire,co.Leitrim
(sometime an officer in the service of Gustavus
Adolphus, King of Sweden, and, subsequently, of James I and Charles 1 of
England), by Sidney, da. andh. of Sir John Vaughan, Gov. of Londonderry,
which Frederick was yr. s. of Claud (Hamilton), ist Lord Paisley [S.].
He was b. 1642; matric. at Trin. Coll. Dublin, 17 Apr. 1661, and early
joined the army. Being in attendance as Capt. on the Duke of Ormond,
Chancellor of Oxford, he was cr. D.C.L. of that Univ. on 5 Aug. 1677. P.C.
[I.] Apr. 1710; Col. of the 20th Foot 1689-1706. In 1689 he espoused
the Protestant cause, defending Coleraine and Derry against the Irish,
distinguishing himself at the battle of the Boyne (where his horse was shot
under him), and at the storming of Athlone, of which he was made Gov.,
and received agrant of forfeited lands. He was M.P. for co. Donegal 1 692-93,
1695-99, and 1703-13, and for Strabane 1713-14. Brig. Gen. 1696; Maj.
Gen. 1704. He was, on 20 Oct. 17 15, cr. BARON HAMILTON OF
STACKALLAN [I.], and in less than two years afterwards was cr., on
20 Aug. 1717, VISCOUNT BOYNE in the province of Leinster [I.].(i')
(*) See ante, p. 264, note " a."
(^) The copious preambles to both these creations are in Lodge, vol. v, p. 176, Ssfc.
BOYNE 267
He m. Elizabeth, 2nd da. of Sir Henry Brooke, of Brooke Borough, co.
Fermanagh, by his 2nd wife, Anne, da. of Sir George St. George, Bart.
She d. at Stackallan, co. Meath, 28 Dec. 1721. He d. there 16 Sep. 1723,
in his 84th year, and was bur. there. Will pr. 1723.
II. 1723. 2. GusTAVUs (Hamilton), Viscount Boyne, £5?c. [I.],
grandson and h., being s. and h. of the Hon. Frederick
Hamilton, by Sophia, sister of James, ist Earl of Clanbrassil [I.], da. of
James Hamilton, of ToUymore, which Frederick was s. and h. ap. of the
I St Viscount and d. v.p., 10 Dec. 171 5. He was b. 17 10; ed. at Westm.
school; took his seat in the House of Peers [I.] 24 Dec. 1731; was M.P.
(Whig) for Newport, Isle of Wight 1736-41. P.C. [I.] 9 Aug. 1736;
Commissioner of the Revenue [I.] 1 737 till his death. He d. unm., 20 Apr.
1746, and was bur. at Stackallan. W^ill dat. 5 Apr. 1746, leaving his estates
to his cousin, Richard Hamilton, afterwards the 4th Viscount, in tail male.
III. 1746. 3. Frederick. (Hamilton), Viscount Boyne, i^c. [I.],
cousin and h., being s. and h. of the Hon. Gustavus
Hamilton, of Redwood, King's Co., by Dorothea, da. of Richard (Bellew),
Baron Bellew [I.], which Gustavus was 2nd s. of the ist Viscount. He
was bap. 9 Nov. 171 8, and sue. his father 26 Feb. 1733/4. Took his seat
24 Oct. 1747. He is said to have m., istly, privately, 25 Aug. 1737, at
Chapelizod, co. Dublin, when aged 19, Elizabeth, da. of Benjamin Hadley,
a blacksmith of Tullamore, King's Co. It was sought to set aside this
marriage, but its validity was never determined, as the case turned on
technical points of pleading. He m., in July 1746, during the lifetime
of the afsd. Elizabeth, Bridget, da. of Lieut. Col. Mooney. He recorded
his children by her in "Lords Entries," Ulster office, 10 June 1766. The
will of "Elizabeth Dowager Viscountess Boyne" [i.e. Eliz. Hadley afsd.]
was pr. 1785 [I.]. He d. s.p. legit.., 2 Jan. 1772, at Drumcondra, and was
bur. in St. Paul's Church, Dublin.
Frederick Hamilton, ist s.by Bridget Mooney, assumed the title on
the death of his father, 2 Jan. 1772. He was b. 26 Feb. 1751. He
acted as one of the train bearers to the Lord Lieut, attending Pari,
in state, (an office performed by the sons of Peers) 7 June 1766, and 16
Feb. 1768. He m. (lie. 24 Mar. 1772), being described as "commonly
called Viscount Boyne," Delphina, da. of Thomas Smyth, yeoman usher
of the House of Lords [I.], and had issue. He d. in 1803. Will pr.
1803 [I.]. His descendants never assumed the title. ('')
if) For an account of them see "The Boyne Peerage Case," by the Rev. William
Ball Wright, in the Genealogical Mag.,\o\.\v. The claim to this Barony in 1772 is
among the claims to Irish Peerages preserved in the Record Office in Dublin Castle.
For a list of these see note suh Thomas, Baron Louth [1763].
268 BOYNE
IV. 1772. 4. Richard (Hamilton), Viscount Boyne, i^fc. [I.],
br. and h., b. 24 Mar. 1724. In 1746 he sue. to the
Stackallan estates on the death of the 2nd Viscount. He was M.P. for
Navan, 1755-60. Sheriff of co. Meath 1766. He m. Georgiana, 2nd da. of
William Bury, of Shannon Grove, co. Limerick, by Jane, sister of Charles,
1st Earl of Charleville [I.], da. of John (Moore), Baron Moore of
TuLLAMORE [I.]. He d. 30 July 1789, in Ireland. Admon. Feb. 1790.
V. 1789. 5. GusTAvus (Hamilton), Viscount BoYNE, &'c. [I.],
s. and h., l>. 20 Dec. 1749. Sheriff of co. Meath 1774.
He m. (lie. 26 Mar. 1773), i Apr. 1773, Martha Matilda (a fortune of
;^40,ooo), da. of Sir Quaile Somerville, 2nd Bart. [I.], by his 2nd wife,
Sarah, da. of Thomas Towers, of Archerstown, co. Meath. He d. 29 Feb.
1816, in Prince's Str., Han. Sq. His widow m., 11 July 1821, at the
British Embassy, Paris, Sir Thomas Webb, Bart., who d. 26 Mar. 1823.
She d. 16 Sep. 1826. Admon. Nov. 1826.
VI. 1 8 16. 6. Gustavus (Hamilton), Viscount Boyne, ^c. [I.],
s. and h., i. 12 Apr. 1777. He m., 4 Aug. 1796, Har-
riet, da. of Benjamin Baugh, of Burwarton House, Salop. She d'. i Nov.
1854, in Belgrave Sq. He d'. there 30 Mar. 1855.
VII. 1855. 7. Gustavus Frederick John James (Hamilton-
Russell), Viscount Boyne, fffc. [I.], only surv. s. and h.,
l>. II May 1797, at Downton Hall, near Ludlow, Salop. Sheriff of
that county 1841. Having m., 9 Sep. 1828, at Hastings, Emma Maria,
sister and (in 1850) h. of William Russell, of Brancepeth Castle,(^)
Durham, da. of Matthew Russell, of the same, by Elizabeth, da. of George
Tennyson, of Bayons Manor, co. Lincoln, he took by Royal lie, 26 Feb.
1850, the surname of Russell after that of Hamilton. On 31 Aug. 1866,
he, being a leading Conservative, was cr. BARON BRANCEPETH of
Brancepeth, co. Durham [U.K.]. His wife d'. 29 Apr. 1870, at 22 Belgrave
Sq., Midx. He d. 27 Oct. 1872, aged 74, at Brancepeth Castle.
(^) J. H. Round points out that Brancepeth, the historic seat of the Nevills (in-
herited from the Bulmers), was held by them till their forfeiture under Elizabeth.
It was granted by James I to his favourite, Robert Kerr (see Somerset, Earldom, 1613),
and, after being held by several families, was purchased in I 796 by Mr. William Russell.
We read in Burke's Commoners (vol. i, p. 104) that "Mr. Russell commenced his
fortunate career at Sunderland as a general merchant and, as his opulence in-
creased, speculated extensively in collieries, and acquired immense wealth. He
d., in 1817, one of the richest commoners in England." His son Matthew rebuilt
and modernised the castle in 18 18. He also observes that the family were still using
the ancient coat of the Russells of Strensham (with an escallop on the chevron) in 1833
(Burke's Commoners), and that it now forms the first quarter of Lord Boyne's coat,
only modified (by the heralds) by changing the chevron to two chevronels and the
escallop to a cinquefoil. V.G.
BOYNE 269
VIII. 1872. 8. GusTAVus Russell (Hamilton-Russell), Viscount
BoYNE [17 1 7], and Baron Hamilton of Stackallan
[17 1 5] [I.]; also Baron Brancepeth [1866], only s. and h. He was b.
28 May 1830; ed. at Eton. A Conservative. He ;«., 2 Sep. 1858, at St.
Peter's, Pimlico, Katharine Frances, 3rd da. of John (Scott), 2nd Earl
OF Eldon, by Louisa, da. of Charles (Duncombe), ist Baron Feversham.
She, who was b. 15 Dec. 1837, d. 19 May 1903,31 Brancepeth Castle. "Will
pr. above ;^2o,ooo net. He d. at his seat, Burwarton Hall, 30 Dec. 1 907, and
was bur. 6 Jan. 1908, at Brancepeth, aged 77. Will pr. Apr. 1908, gross
over ;^668,ooo, net over ;^435,ooo.(*)
[Gustavus William Hamilton-Russell, 2nd but ist surv. s. and h.
ap.jC") 1^. II Jan. 1 864; sometime Capt. 3rd Batt. Northumberland Fusiliers.
He w., 4 Oct. 1906, Margaret Selina, only da. of Henry Ulick (Lascelles),
5th Earl of Harewood, by Florence Katherine, 2nd da. of Orlando George
Charles (Bridgeman), 3rd Earl of Bradford. She was b. 1 1 Aug. 1883.
Having sue. to the Peerage after 22 Jan. 1 901, he is outside the scope of
this work.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 18,023 acres in Durham
(valued at above ^^76,000 a year), 8,424 in Salop, 580 in co. Radnor, and
439 in the North Riding of York, besides 2,739 in co. Meath. Total
30,205 acres, valued at ^^88,364 a year. Principal Residences. — Brancepeth
Castle, CO. Durham; Burwarton Hall, Salop; and Stackallan, co. Meath.
BRABAZON
BARONY [I.] I. Edward Brabazon, s. and h. of Sir William B.,
many years Vice-Treasurer and sometime Lord Justice
I. 1 61 6. [I.], by Elizabeth, da. and coh. of Nicholas Clifford, of
Holme, Kent, /«c. his father 9 July 1 552, (') being then in his
4th year; P.C. [I.] 1584; M.P. for co. Wicklow 1585, and for Bangor
16 13-15; knighted by the Lord Dep. [I.] 24 Aug. 1595; High Sheriff of co.
Stafford 1 606-07 ;('') one of the Council for Munster 161 5. He was,
19 July 16 1 6, cr. LORD BRABAZON, BARON OF ARDEE,(')
CO. Louth [I.]. He m. Mary, da. of Edward Smith, of Mitcham, Surrey,
Clerk of the Green Cloth to Queen Elizabeth. He d. 7 Aug. 1625, and
was bur. at St. Catharine's, Dublin. Fun. entry [I.]. Will, in which he
styles himself "Sir Edward Brabazon, Knight, Lord Baron of Ardee,"
(") This large accumulation of money was mainly due to royalties on coal. V.G.
(^) His elder br., Gustavus Claud, h. 29 Dec. 1861, d. an infant, 9 Feb. 1862.
V.G.
(•=) See Lodge, vol. i, p. 226 note. The M.I. erroneously states his death to have
been in 1548.
(^) le resided, when in England, at Nether Whitacre, co. Warwick, which he
had purcL ised in 1598, and which was sold by his s. and h. in 1630.
('■) See the long preamble to the patent in Lodge, vol. i, p. 272.
270 BRABAZON
dat. 1 6 Feb. 1624/5 ^^ -7 Mar. 1625, pr. 1625 in Ireland, and 23 Apr.
1638 in London. His widow i/. 13 Aug. 1625, and was l>ur. with him.(')
Fun. entry [I.].
II. 1625. 2. William (Brabazon), Lord Brabazon, Baron of
Ardee [I.], s. and h.('') On 16 Apr. 1627, he was cr.
EARL OF MEATH [I.].(0 See "Meath," Earldom of [I.], cr. 1627.
BRABOURNE
BARONY. I. Edward Hugessen Knatchbull-Hugessen,('')
6th s. of the Rt. Hon. Sir Edward Knatchbull, Bart.,
I. 1880. being the ist s. of his 2nd wife, Fanny Catharine, da. of
Edward Knight, of Godmersham Park, Kent. He was
^. 29 Apr. 1829, at Mersham Hatch, Kent; ed. at Eton, and at Magd.
Coll.Oxford;B.A. andM.A. 1 850; Pres. of the Oxford Union Soc. i85o;(')
on the death of his father, 24 May 1849, took the additional surname of
Hugessen. M.P. (Liberal) Q for Sandwich 1857-80; a Lord of the
Treasury 1859-66; Under Sec. of State for Home Depart. May to July
1866, and again 1868-71, and for the Colonies 1871-74; P.C. 24 iVIar.
1873. On 26 May 1880, he was cr. BARON BRABOURNE OF
BRABOURNE, Kent. He m., istly, 19 Oct. 1852, at St. Stephens,
Herts, Anna Maria Elizabeth, 2nd and yst. da. of the Rev. Marcus Richard
Southwell, M.A., Vicar of St. Stephens, Herts, by Cecilia Jane, da. of
Alfred Schomberg Johnson, of Tamerton Foliott, Devon. She ^. 26 May
1889, at 3 Queen Anne's Gate, and was i>ur. at Smeeth, Kent. Will pr.
26 June 1889, at £S9^- ^^ ^-i -"dly, 3 June 1890, in the chapel at
Maxwelton, Glencairn, Ethel Mary, 3rd da. of Col. Sir George Gustavus
Walker, K.C.B., of Crawfordton, co. Dumfries, by Anne Murray, da. of
Admiral George Gustavus Lennock, of Brownrigg, in that co. He </.
6 Feb. 1893, aged 63, at Smeeth Paddocks, and was iur. at Smeeth.
Will pr. at ^4,356 net. His widow living 191 1.
(") "Without any funeral rites according to hir degree of honour, contrary unto
the rights of the Nobility." V.G.
(*>) See ante, vol. i, p. 189, note "a" as to a claim to the Barony of Ardee [I.] by
the heir gen. as against the heir male.
("=) A King's Letter, dat. 8 Feb. 1626/7, ordered that he should be cr. Earl of
Carlow. This was suppressed by another letter, 10 Mar. following, creating him
Earl of Meath. V.G.
{^) Mary, da. (whose issue became sole h.) of William Western Hugessen, of
Provender, Kent, m., 1 780, Sir Edward Knatchbull, Bart., and was sue. in the
Hugessen estates by her s. and h. (the father of Lord Brabourne), who devised them to
his widow (his 2nd wife) and her issue, of which Lord Brabourne was the eldest son.
(') For a list of Peers who were Presidents of the Union Society of Oxford or of
Cambridge, see vol. iv. Appendix F. V.G.
(') He joined the Conservatives shortly after he had been made a peer on
Gladstone's recommendation. He wrote some successful fairy tales and other popular
children's books, V.G.
BRABOURNE 271
II. 1893. 2. Edward (Knatchbull-Hugessen), Baron Bra-
bourne [1880], 1st s. and h. by ist wife; b. 5 Apr. 1857,
at Great Malvern. Ed. at Eton, and at Magd. Coll., Oxford ; sometime,
1879-85, an officer in the Coldstream Guards; M.P. (Liberal) for Rochester
1889-92. He m.^ 2 Nov. 1880, at St. Margaret's, Westm., Amy Virginia,
2nd da. of Wentworth Blackett Beaumont, of Bretton Hall, co. York, by
Margaret Anne, 4th da. of Ulick John (de Burgh), ist Marquess of
Clanricarde [I.]. He d. 29 Dec. 1909, in London. Will pr. 30 May
1910, at ;/^5,66i gross, ;r5,328 net. He was na. by his 2nd s., who is
outside the scope of this work.
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 4,173 acres in Kent,
valued at ^5,646 a year. Principal Residence. — Smeeth Paddocks, near
Ashford, Kent.
BRACKLEY
VISCOUNTCY. I. Thomas Egerton, illegit. s. of Sir Richard E., of
Ridley, co. Chester, by Alice Spark.e,(^) of Bickerton,
\. 1616. spinster; b. 1540; ed. at Brasenose Coll., Oxford;
Barrister (Line. Inn) 1572, and Treasurer of Line. Inn
1587; Solicitor Gen. 1581-92; M.P. for Cheshire 1584-87; Attorney
Gen. 1 592-94; Chamberlain of Chester 1594- 1603; knighted, by the Queen,
18 May 1594; Master of the Rolls 1 594-1603, being, during part of that
period, 6 May 1596 to 24 July 1603, Lord Keeper, having been continued
in that office (Mar. to July 1603) by James I; P.C. 6 May 1596. On
18 Dec. 1598, by the devise of Richard Brereton, of Tatton, co. Chester
(who had m. Dorothy, the legit, da. and h. of his father), he inherited that
and other estates of the Brereton family. On 21 July i6o3,(^) he was cr.
BARON OF ELLESMERE,(^) co. Salop, and on the 24th, Lord
Chancellor, which high office he retained till twelve days before his death,
having been Lord Keeper or Lord Chancellor nearly 21 years. He was,
also, twice (9 Nov. 1603 and 24 May 16 16) Lord High Steward for the
trial of Peers ; Lord Lieut, of Bucks 1607-16; Chancellor of Oxford
1 6 10-17. On 7 Nov. 1616 he was cr. VISCOUNT BRACKLEY,C^) and,
(^) She is said to have been a servant-maid in his house. V.G.
C') The second of 8 Baronies cr. that day. See note sub Charles, Earl of
Devon [1603].
(■=) The estate of Ellesmere and Knockin he had purchased from the feoffees of
William, 6th Earl of Derby, who had inherited them from the family of Strange.
See Gent. Mag.., vol. Ixiii, pt. i, p. 42.
(<') He took this title from his ion\ property. For somewhat similar cases, see the
Viscountcy of Decies [I.] 1673, the Viscountcy of Tamworth 1711, the Viscountcy
of Hood of Whitley 1796, and the Earldom of Rosslyn 1 80 1. The Manor of
Brackley, co. Northampton, was part of the portion of Frances, da. and coh. of
Ferdinando (Stanley), Earl of Derby, which Frances m. his said son, John Egerton,
(afterwards) 2nd Viscount Brackley. See note sub Ferdinando, Earl of Derby
[1593]-
272 BRACKLEY
some four months afterwards, when on his death bed, is said to have been
promised an Earldom. (^) He w., istly, before 1576, Elizabeth, da. of
Thomas Ravenscroft, of Bretton, co. Flint, by Catharine, da. of Richard
Grosvenor, of Eaton, co. Chester. She d. 1588, and was bur. at Doddle-
ston, CO. Chester. M.I. He w., 2ndly, in or after 1596, Elizabeth, widow
of Sir John Wolley, and before that of Richard Polsted, da. of Sir William
More, of Loseley, Surrey, by Margaret, da. of Ralph Daniell, of
Swaffham, Norfolk. She was bur. 21 Jan. 1 599/1 600, at St. Paul's. Burial
regd. at St. Gregory's, London. Admon. 4 Mar. 1 600/1 and 9 Nov. 1609.
He m., 3rdly, 20 Oct. 1600, Alice, widow of Ferdinando (Stanley), Earl
OF Derby, da. of Sir John Spencer, of Althorpe, Northants, by
Katharine, da. of Sir Thomas Kitson, of Hengrave, Suffolk. He d. at
York House, Whitehall, 15 Mar. 16 16/7, and was bur. 10 Apr. 1617, inhis
77th year, at Doddleston afsd. M. !.('') Willpr. 1617. Fun. certif at Coll.
of Arms. His widow d. 23, and was bur. 28 Jan. 1636/7, at Harefield,(')
Midx., aged 81. Will pr. 1637.
II. 1617. 2. John (Egerton), Viscount Brackley and Baron
Ellesmere, 2nd, but only surv. s. and h.('') by ist wife,
b. 1579. He was, on 27 May 1617, cr. EARL OF BRIDGWATER.
See "BRiDGWATER,"Earldom of, a. 1617, extinct 1829.
i.e. " Marquess of Brackley, co. Northampton," and Duke of
Bridgwater; see "Bridgwater," Dukedom of, cr. 1720, extinct 1803.
i.e. "Viscount Brackley of Brackley, co. Northampton, and Earl of
Ellesmere;" see "Ellesmere," Earldom of, cr. 1846.
BRACO OF KILBRYDE
BARONY [I.] I. William Duff, of Braco, in Grange, co. Banff,
was, on 28 July 1735, ^^- BARON BRACO OF
I. 1735. KILBRYDE, co. Cavan [I.]. On 26 Apr. 1759, he was
cr. VISCOUNT MACDUFF AND EARL FIFE [I.].
See "Fife," Earldom [I.], cr. 1759.
(^) The fact of his s. and h. having been cr. an Earl within two months of his
death confirms this supposition. The motive for choosing the title of '■'■Bridgwater"
is not apparent.
C") His reputation as a lawyer was great among his contemporaries, and the freedom
of the Court of Chancery from the jurisdiction of the Common Law (as claimed by
Chief Justice Coke) was largely his work.
(') At Harefield the Lord Keeper had entertained Queen Elizabeth for three days
within eight months of her death.
('^) Sir Thomas Egerton, his elder br., was knighted at Calais 1597,^. %.p.m. and
v.p.^ in Ireland, Aug., and was hur. 27 Sep. 1599, at Doddleston.
BRADESTON 273
BRADESTON
BARONY BY i. Thomas de Bradeston, s. and h. of Henry B., of
WRIT. Breadstone, near Berkeley, co. Gloucester, by Isabel, his
J wife, served in the Scottish wars, lo and 13 Edw. II.
347 j^e fought at Boroughbridge 16 Mar. i32i/2,(^) and
^ suffered forfeiture for taking part against the Despensers,
^ ' but was pardoned next year ; Gov. of Berkeley Castle,
and Keeper of Kingswood chase. He took part with the Queen Consort:
was made Gent, of the Privy Chamber at the Accession of Edward III;
Knight Banneret 1330; Constable of Gloucester Castle 1330 and 1338-60.
He is said to have served in the wars with France with distinction, and was one
of 96 persons sum. to a Council,^') 25 Feb. (1341/2) 16 Edw. Ill, and was
sum. to Pari, from 13 Nov. (1347) 21 Edw. Ill to 3 Apr. (1360) 34
Edw. Ill, by writs directed Thome de Bradeston^ whereby he is held to
have become LORD BRADESTON.('=) He formed one of an important
Embassy to the Pope in Aug. I343.(^) He w., istly, Isabel, who was
living 16 Nov. 1343. He w., 2ndly, Agnes. He d. Aug. 1360. His
widow d. s.p.m., 1369.
[Thomas de Bradeston, grandson and h., being only s. and h. of Sir
Robert B., s. and h. ap. of the last Lord (who was taken prisoner at Pisa
when going on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land in 1345, and d. v.p., between
Midsummer 1355 and 28 June 1357), bylsabel, apparentlyda. of Sir William
DE la Pole. He was aged 8 years in 1360, but was never sum. to Pari.
In 1369, when still a minor, he was in the French wars. He m. Ela, da.
and coh. of Sir John de St. Lo, by Alice, da. and coh. of John Paveley, of
Westbury, Wilts. Her Inq.p. m. (1409-10) 1 1 Hen. IV. He d. 5./>.w;., while
still in wardship, 1374, leaving Elizabeth his da. and h. then aged 6 months,on
whom the Barony, according to modern doctrine, devolved. She m., before
2 Mar. 1395/6, Sir Walter de la Pole (who d. 1433-4), and d. 1428-9. By
him she had a da. and h., Margaret, who »?. Thomas Ingoldsthorpe, whoses.
and h.. Sir Edmund Ingoldsthorpe, left an only da. and h., Isabel, who m.
John Nevill, sum. 1460, by writ directed Johanni Nevill domino de
Mountagu Clir. With any Barony so cr., therefore, any Barony of Bradeston
(or the right thereto) became thus united, and was attainted therewith in
1471. See "Montagu," Marquessate of, cr. 1470; attainted 1471.]
(^) For an account of this battle see Appendix C to this volume.
C") As to this supposed Parliament, see Preface.
(') As to how far these early writs of summons did in fact create any Peerage title,
see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
(^) The following are the Ambassadors in order as they appear in a Papal Letter
of that date. Earls: Henry, Earl of Derby, Richard, Earl of Arundel, Thomas,
Earl of Warwick, Robert, Earl of SuflFolk, William, Earl of Huntingdon. Barons:
Hugh le Despenser, Ralph Nevill, Bartholomew Burghersh, Reynold Cobham,
Thomas Bradeston. V.G. ,„;;
274 BRADFORD
BRADFORD
EARLDOM. I. Francis Newport, s. and h. of Richard (Newport),
y ^ Baron Newport of High Ercall (so cr. 1642), bjr
■'^' Rachael, da. of John Leveson, of Haling, sister and h. of
Sir Richard Leveson, of Trentham, co. Stafford. He was
b. 23 Feb., and bap. 12 Mar. 1619/20, at Wroxeter, Salop; matric. at Oxford
(Ch. Ch.) 18 Nov. 1635; was M.P. for Shrewsbury 1640 until "disabled"
22 Jan. 1643/4. In that year he fought on the King's side, together with
his father, and was taken prisoner at Oswestry 29 June 1644. He sue. his
father in the Barony, 8 Feb. 1650/1; Lord Lieut, of Salop 1660-87, ^"d
i689-i704;('') Comptroller of the Household, 1668-72; P.C. i July 1668
till 21 Apr. 1679, and re-sworn 14 Feb. 1688/9; Treasurer of the House-
hold 1672-87 and 1 689-1 708. On 11 Mar. 1674/5 he was cr. VISCOUNT
NEWPORT OF BRADFORD, co. Salop. He was Cofferer of the House-
hold, 1691-1702. On II May 1694, he was fr. EARL OF BRADFORD,
CO. Salop. He m., 28 Apr. 1642, at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields (lie. Lond.,
he 22, she 18), Diana, 4th and yst. da. of Francis (Russell), 4th Earl of
Bedford, by Catharine, da. and coh. of Giles (Brydges), Lord Chandos.
She d. 30 Jan., and was bur. 4 Feb. iSg^./^, aged 73, at Chenies, Bucks.
He d. at Twickenham, 19 Sep., and was bur. 4 Oct. 1708, at Wroxeter afsd.,
aged 88.('') Will pr. Oct. 1708.
II. 1708. 2. Richard (Newport), Earl of Bradford, fffc, s.
and h., b. 3 Sep. 1644; matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.)
28 June 1 66 1, aged 16, and was cr. M.A. 12 Sep. following. M.P.
(Whig) for Salop 1670-81, and 1689-98; Lord Lieut, of Salop 1704-12
and 1714-23; Lord Lieut, and Custos Rot. of co. Montgomery till his
death; P.C. 18 Feb. 1709/10. He m. (settl. 7 Oct. 1680), 20 Apr. 1681,
Mary, 3rd and yst. da. and coh. of Sir Thomas Wilbraham, Bart., of
Woodhey, co. Chester, by Elizabeth, da. and h. of Edward Mitton, of
Weston Park, co. Stafford. He d. 14 June 1723, in Soho Sq., aged 78.
Will pr. 1723. His widow, who inherited the estate of Weston, d. 3 Dec.
1737, at High Ercall, Salop, aged 76, and was bur. at Weston. Will dat.
8 Oct., pr. 31 Dec. 1737.
III. 1723. 3. Henry (Newport), Earl of Bradford, &'c., s.
and h., b. 1683; matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 4 May
1699, aged 15. M.P. (Whig) for Bishop's Castle, 1706-08; for Salop,
(^) He was one of the Lord Lieutenants dismissed by James II in Feb. 1686/7.
See list of these in Appendix G to this volume.
C') He had been originally attached to the Court, but became a firm Whig, and
voted against the Occasional Conformity Bill. See Macky's Characters, where he is
called "always a great Libertine." His most interesting letters (1639-61) and those
of his mother to her brother, Sir Richard Leveson, penes the Duke of Sutherland
(1911), are printed in Hist. MSS. Com., 5th Report. V.G.
BRADFORD 275
1708-10, and 1713-22; Lord Lieut, of co. Stafford 1715-25; and of cos.
Salop and Montgomery 1724 till his death. He appears to have d. unm.,
but reference is made to the re-marriage, in 1737 (or thereabouts), of "the
Countess" [Query, his mistress?] in family letters.('') He d. s.p. legit.,
23 Dec. 1 734, at his house in St. James's Place, and was bur. 20 Jan. i "J^^-ISt
in Westm. Abbey, in his 52nd year. "Will dat. 8 May 1730 to 17 Apr.
1733. Pr-^i Jan. i734/5-('')
IV. 1734 4- Thomas (Newport), Earl of Bradford [1694],
to Viscount Newport of Bradford [1675], and Baron
1762. Newport of High Ercall [1642], only surv. br. and
h.('=) He became imbecile, owing to a fall from his
horse in early life, and d. unm., 18 Apr. 1762, at Weston, aged 76, when
all his honours became extinct. Admon. 4 May 1762, to his sister, Diana,
Dowager Countess of Mountrath [L].
BARONY. I. Henry Bridgeman, s. and h. of Sir Orlando B., of
y Weston Park, co. Stafford, abovenamed, by Anne, 2nd
'^'^' da. of Richard (Newport), 2nd Earl of Bradford,
(sister of, and whose issue became coh. to, the 3rd and
4th Earls) was b. 7 Sep. 1725. Clerk Comptroller of the Board of Green
Cloth 1761-64; sue. his maternal uncle, the 4th Earl, in 1762, in the
estate of Weston, and sue. his father, 25 July 1764, in the Baronetcy, and
in the estate of Castle Bromwich, co. Warwick, tfc; was M.P.^**) for
Ludlow 1748-68; and forWenlock 1768-94; was cr. LL.D. Cambridge,
3 July 1769, and D.C.L. Oxford 4 July 1793. On 13 Aug. 1794, he was
cr. BARON BRADFORD OF BRADFORD, Salop. He m., 12 July
1755, Elizabeth, da. and h. of the Rev. John Simpson, of Stoke Hall, co.
Derby, by ( — ) Stringer, granddaughter of Francis S., of Sutton upon
Lound. He d. 5 June 1 800, in Old Burlington Str., aged 74. Will pr.
(*) The date of these letters was certainly after Apr. 1736. As the Dowager
Countess of the 2nd Earl would then be about 75, it is hardly probable she can be the
person indicated. See Additions for a Royal descent, by Miss T. E. Sharpe, (London,
1881) part ii, p. 17.
C') In it he mentions no relative whatever; leaves ;^I0,000 to Mrs. Ann Smyth
" who has a country house near the Red Cow at Hammersmith," and all his estates
to John Harrison, " now an infant, when he shall reach the age of 26," with rem. to
(the child's mother) the said Ann Smyth. She ^.31 Oct. 1742, aged 49. The son,
John Newport (formerly Harrison), was a lunatic in 1742, and d. in that condition
at Chelsea, 29 Apr. 1783, in his 63rd year. See notes to their burials in Chester's
IVestm. Abbey Registers, and see Garbutt's History of JVem, p. 107.
(■=) Richard Newport, the next eldest br., is generally stated to have sue. in 1734,
but he d. v.p. and unm., 3 Dec. 17 16. His will, dat. 27 Aug., was pr. 7 Dec. 17 16.
if) He was a Whig until 1793, after which date he supported Pitt, and may be
regarded as a Tory. V.G.
276
BRADFORD
Nov. 1800. His widow, who was b. 1^ Nov. 1735, d- at Bath 6 Mar.
1 806, aged 70, and was bur. at Weston afsd. M.l. at Solihull, co. Warwick.
Willpr. 1806.
II. 1800.
EARLDOM
V.
1815.
2 and I. Orlando (Bridgeman), Baron Bradford,
3rd, but 1st surv. s. and h., b. 19 Mar. 1762; M.P.(*)
for Wigan 1 784-1 800. On 30 Nov. 1815, he was cr.
VISCOUNT NEWPORT and EARL OF BRAD-
FORD, both in CO. Salop. He m., 29 May 1788, Lucy
Elizabeth, ist da. andcoh. of George (Byng), 4th Viscount Torrington,
by Lucy, da. of John (Boyle), 5th Earl of Cork [I.]. He^. 7 Sep. 1825,
at Weston afsd., aged 63. Will pr. Nov. 1825. His widow, who was b.
17 Oct. 1766, d. 20 Sep. 1844, in Park Lane, aged 77. Will pr. May
1845.
EARLDOM.
VI.
BARONY.
IIIJ
2 and 3. George Augustus Frederick Henry
(Bridgeman), Earl of Bradford, fife, s. and h.,
- b. ^2 Oct. 1789. Ed. at Trin. Coll., Cambridge;
^' M.A., 1840. He was a Conservative. He m.,
istly, 5 Mar. 1818, atSt. Geo., Han. Sq.,Georgina
Elizabeth, da. of Sir Thomas Moncrieffe, 5th Bart.
[S.], by Elizabeth, da. of George (Ramsay), 9th
Earl of Dalhousie [S.]. She d. i2 Oct. 1842, at Norwood, aged 52.
Admon. Feb. 1844. He ;«., 2ndly, 30 Oct. 1849, at St. Peter's, Pimlico,
Helen, widow of (the br. of his ist wife) Sir David Moncrieffe, 6th
Bart. [S.], 2nd da. of ^Eneas Mackay, of Scotstown, co. Peebles. He
d. 22 Mar. 1865, in his 76th year, at Weston afsd. Will, with 19 codicils,
pr. 31 July 1865, under ;^ 1 40,000. His widow d. 25 Apr. 1869.
EARLDOM
VII.
BARONY.
IV.
1865.
3 and 4. Orlando George Charles (Bridge-
man), Earl of Bradford, ^c, s. and h. by ist
wife, b. 24 Apr. 18 19, at Nottingham Place,
Marylebone. Ed. at Harrow and at Trin. Coll.,
Cambridge. M.P. (Conservative) for South Salop
1842-65; P.C. 5 Mar. 1852; Vice Chamberlain
of the Household Feb. to Dec. 1852 and 1858-59;
Lord Chamberlain of the Household 1866-68; Master of the Horse
1874-80, and again 1885-86. Lord Lieut, of Salop 1875-96. Hew.,
10 Apr. 1844, at Willey, Salop, Selina Louisa, yst. da. of Cecil (Weld-
F^orester), 1st Baron Forester, by Katharine Mary, da. of Charles
(Manners), 4th Duke of Rutland. She d. 25 Nov. 1894, after a long
illness, at Weston Park, and was bur. at Weston under Lizard. Will pr.
at ;^ 1 2, 8 50 gross. He d. after a long illness, at Weston Park, 9, and was
bur. 12 Mar. 1898, at Weston, in his 79th year. Will pr. at ;^i 20,676
gross, and ;^84,504 net.
(') See note "d" on previous page.
BRADFORD
277
EARLDOM
VIII.
BARONY,
V.
4 and 5. George Cecil Orlando (Bridge-
man), Earl of Bradford [i 8 i 5], Viscount New-
port [i 8 1 5], and Baron Bradford [1794], also a
■1898. Baronet, ist s. and h. ap., b. 3 Feb. 1845, some-
time, 1 854-57, an officer in the Life Guards. M.P.
(Conservative) for North Salop 1867-85. He w.,
7 Sep. 1869, at Maltby, co. York, Ida Annabella
Frances, 2nd da. of Richard George (Lumley), 9th Earl of Scarbrough,
by Frederica Mary Adeliza, 2nd da. of Andrew Robert Drummond, of
Cadlands, Hants. She was b. 28 Nov. 1848, at Tickhill Castle, and bap.
10 Feb. 1849, ^'^ Tickhill.
[Orlando Bridgeman, .j/y/^^ Viscount Newport, ist s. and h. ap., h.
6 Oct. 1873; ed. at Harrow, and at Trin. Coll. Cambridge, B.A. 1896,
M.A. 1903; private sec. to the Marquess of Salisbury 1 898-1 900, and to
A. J.Balfour 1902-05, when Prime Ministers; Capt. 3rd batt. Royal Scots.
He w., 21 July 1904, Margaret Cecilia, ist da. of Henry Campbell
(Bruce), 2nd Baron Aberdare, by Constance Mary, only da. of Hamilton
Beckett. She was b. 1% Oct. 1882.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, besides some 62 acres in Westmor-
land and some other small properties (less than 60 acres in all) in cos.
Denbigh, Leicester, Montgomery, and Worcester, consisted of 10,883
acres in Salop, worth ;{^i 5,686 a year; 6,843 ^"^ '^o- Stafford, worth £io,']()^
a year; 1,906 in co. Warwick, worth £^,i']6 a year, and 1,958 in co. Lan-
caster, worth no less than £<),'?>^2> ^ year. Total 21,710 acres, worth
;^4i,982 a year. Principal Residences. — Weston Park, in Weston-under-
Lizard, co. Stafford, and Castle Bromwich, near Birmingham, co. Warwick,
See "Newport of Bradford," Viscountcy, cr. 1675. Full account
given under "Bradford," Earldom of, cr. 1694; extinct 1762.
BRAE D'ALBANE, see BREADALBANE
BRAMFIELD, i.e. BRANTFIELD
See "BoTELER of Brantfield," Barony, cr. 1628; extinct 1647.
BRAMPTON
BARONY. I. Henry Hawkins, s. of John H., solicitor, of
T „ Hitchin, Herts, by Susanna, da. of Theed Pearse, Clerk
"" of the Peace, of Bedford, was i-. 14 Sep. 1 8 17, at Hitchin;
ed. at Bedford school; adm. Mid. Temple 16 Apr.
^ '* 1839; Special Pleader 1 841; Barrister 3 May 1843; Q.C.
1858, and Bencher of the Mid. Temple 10 Jan. 1859;
278
BRAMPTON
Judge of the High Court 2 Nov. i876,(^) being transferred to the
Exchequer Division 12 days later; knighted 28 Nov. 1876; retired from
the Bench i Jan. 1899, with a pension of £T,iS'^°- O" ^7 J^"- i^99>
he was cr. BARON BRAMPTON OF BRAMPTON, co. Huntingdon,^
and took his seat 7 Feb. following. P.C. 7 Mar. 1899. He m., istly,
( — ) PCasey.Q She <:/. 10 Sep. 1886, at 12 Cleveland Row, St. James's,
and was bur. in Brompton Cemetery. He ?«., 2ndly, 17 Aug. 1887, Jane
Louisa,("^) da. of Henry Francis Reynolds, of Hulme, Lancashire, by
Catherine ( — ), his wife. He d. s.p., 6 Oct. 1907, at 5 Tilney Str., Park
Lane, aged 90, and was bur. (after a service in the Rom. Cath. Cathedral,
Westm.) in Kensal Green Cemetery, near his wife's mother, " Mrs.
Catherine Reynolds," when his Peerage became extinct.(^) Will pr. above
;^ 1 4 1, 000 gross and net. She d. 6 weeks later, 17 Nov. 1907. Will pr.
over ;^3i6,ooo gross and ;^3 15,000 net.Q
(^) He himself writes, "I accepted and received my appointment as a Judge of
the Exchequer Court on 2 Nov. of that year [1876]." He had previously, in 1874,
refused the offer of a puisne Judgeship made him by Lord Cairns. He clung, not
unnaturally, to the ancient title of Baron borne by the puisne Judges of the Ex-
chequer for about 700 years, instead of the new-fangled " Mr. Justice " introduced
when the former style had been most unnecessarily abolished by the Judicature Act
of 1873. V.G.
{'') He took this title owing to have inherited a little farm in that village from
his father's half-brother. V.G.
if) An illiterate person of the domestic servant class, who was bedridden for some
years before her death. V.G.
('') She was sometime a member of the Haymarket Company under Buckstone's
management. For a list of peers who have married actresses, singers, and dancers,
see Appendix C in the last volume. V.G.
(°) He was highly successful at the Bar, was associated with Coleridge as one of
the leading Counsel against the Claimant in the famous Tichborne case, and was a
brilliant cross-examiner, but did not make a great judge. " A large man, with a
massive head, a deep voice, and well shaped hands ... a commanding character
and a power of insight which made it a pleasure to hear him try a case." [Notes from
the life of an ordinary mortal). When taking his seat on the Bench he is thus des-
cribed by another member of the profession: " A spotless collar and cuffs; wig white
as snow; face and features as fine as Chantrey's best chisel could carve them."
Apropos of his unwillingness to part with money, a good story is told of Serjeant
Ballantine saying to him, " What will you do with your money when you die? You
have no children, and you can't take it with you, and if you could it would melt !"
He was a man of sporting tastes, standing Counsel to the Jockey Club, member
thereof, and votary of the Turf. His Reminiscences, ed. by Richard Harris, K.C., 1904,
though some may find them entertaining, tended to smirch his reputation, and are
emphatically not a KTijfia e? ael. V.G.
(') With the exception of a few small legacies, she inherited the whole of his
fortune. By her will, and a letter by both of them, dat. Apr. 1905, expressing
their joint intention, ^^250, 000 was left to charity, and the residue to the R.C.
Archbishop of Westm. Having come under the influence of Cardinal Manning,
Lord Brampton became a Rom. Cath. in Mar. 1884, and erected a memorial chapel
BRANDEN 279
BRAMWELL OF HEVER
BARONY. I. George William Wilshire Bramwell, s. and h.
, gj. of George B., of London, Banker (who d. 15 Sep. 1858,
aged 85), was b. in London, 12 June 1808; Barrister
- (Line. Inn and Inner Temple) 1838, practising on the
°"' Home circuit; Q.C. 1851; Bencher (Inner Temple)
1 85 1 ; Baron of the Exchequer 1856-76; knighted 30 Jan.
1856; P.C. 28 Nov. 1876; one of the Lords Justices of Appeal 1876
to 1 88 1. On his retirement he was cr., 3 Feb. 1882, BARON BRAM-
WELL OF HEVER, Kent.(^) F.R.S. 11 Jan. 1882. He was a Liberal
till 1886, when he became a Unionist. He w., istly, 1830, in New
YorkjC') Mary Jane, da. of Bruno Silva. Shed, s.p.m., 13 Apr. 1836. He;;;.,
2ndly, in 1861, Martha Sinden, spinster. She d. 5 June 1879, at 17
Cadogan Place, aged 53. He d. s.p., 9 May 1892, at Holmwood, Eden-
bridge, Kent, in his 84th year, when his Peerage became extinct.
BRANCEPETH
i.e. "Brancepeth, co. Durham," Barony {Kerr), see "Somerset,"
Earldom of, cr. 1613; extinct 1645.
i.e. "Brancepeth of Brancepeth, co. Durham," cr. 3 1 Aug. 1866.
See "Boyne" Viscountcy [I.], cr. 1717, under the 7th Viscount.
BRANDEN [co. Kerry]
BARONY [I.] I. Maurice Crosbie, only s. and h. of David C.,(0
T J, of Ardfert, co. Kerry (who d. 171 7), by Jane, yst. da.
'^ ■ and coh. of William Hamilton, was knighted 16 Feb.
1711/2; M.P. for CO. Kerry 1713-58. On 16 Sep.
in the new Rom. Cath. Cathedral at Westm. For a list of peers and peeresses who
have joined the Church of Rome since 1850, see vol. iii, Appendix G. V.G.
(*) "Mr. Baron Bramwell, Mr. Justice Willes, [James Shaw Willes, i-. 1814-, d.
1872], and Mr. Baron Martin [Samuel Martin, h. 1801 ; d. 1883], firm friends at the
Bar and on the Bench, ha\e been classed together as three of the strongest judges of
the century." (The Times, 10 Jan. 1883;. On being asked for his opinion of the
value to a barrister of a knowledge of Roman Law, he remarked that he had never
known a word of it in his life, and yet was the best Judge on the Bench. V.G.
(*>) In the Timesy 13 June 1885, sub "Lauderdale Peerage," is a statement by
himself that he was m. there without banns or licence.
('^) He was s. and h. of another David C, Governor of Kerry 1 641, 2nd s. of
John C., Bishop of Ardfert 1600, who d. 1621. V.G.
28o BRANDEN
i758,(^) he was cr. BARON BRANDEN, co. Kerry [I.]. He w., Dec.
1 71 2, Elizabeth Anne, ist da. of Thomas (Fitzmaurice), ist Earl of
Kerry [I.], by Anne, da. of Sir William Petty. She d. i-j Dec, 1757.
He ^.13 Jan. 1762, aged 73, and was bur. at Ardfert.
II. 1762. 2. William (Crosbie), Baron Bran-n ^"7- § ^
DEN [I.], s. and h. On 30 Nov. 1 771 he
was cr. Viscount Crosbie of Ardfert, co. Kerry [I.], and, on
22 July 1 776, Earl OF Glandore [I.]. He d. 1 1 Apr. 1781.
III. 1781. 3. John (Crosbie), Earl OF Glandore,
Viscount Crosbie of Ardfert, and Baron
Branden [I.], 2nd but ist surv. s. and h. He d. s.p.,22 Oct.
1 8 1 5, when the Earldom and Viscountcy became extinct.
*"• ^ — '
•p tj' in
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M rt
^
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3 -*,
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W2 s
OS
sj 1 rt
■1 1
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9r ""^
II
3 CD -t
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IV. 1 81 5 4. William (Crosbie), Baron Branden [I.], cousin
to and h. male, being only s. and h. of Maurice C, Dean of
1832. Limerick, by his 2nd wife, Pyne, da. of Sir Henry
Cavendish, Bart., of Doveridge, co. Derby. He was b.
I Nov. 1 771; was ed. at Trin. Coll. Dublin; B.A., 1796; B.D., and D.D.,
1 816; Rector of Castle Island, co. Kerry. He m., 3 May 1815, Elizabeth,
1st da. of Col. David La Touche, of Marlay, co. Dublin, by Cecilia, da. of
Joseph (Leeson), ist Earl of Milltown [I.]. He d. s.p.m.s.,(^) 3 May
1832, at Nice, aged 6o,('') when the Barony of Branden [I.] became
extinct.i^) His widow survived him many years, and d. i Apr. 1862, at
Torquay.
(^) It seems remarkable that the patent should bear date the very day after the
creation of the Countess of Brandon [I.]. The privy seal for the Countess is dat.
25, and that for the Baron 27 July 1758. "Brandon, a mountain on the mutual
boundary between the Barony of Gowran and that of Ida co. Ki/ienny, Leinster "
(see Par/. Gazetteer [I.], 1849) is not to be confounded with the well-known village,
mountain, and bay, in the Barony of Corkaguiney, co. Kerry, Munster.
C') His only s., Maurice, d. an infant in 18 16. V.G.
('^) " Lord Branden, who is a divine as well as a peer, got possession of a cor-
respondence between his lady and Mr. Secretary Lamb [Lord Melbourne] which left
no doubt to him or anyone else, as to the nature of the connection between these
young people; so he writes a letter to the lady announcing his discovery, but he
adds if she will exert her interest with Mr. Lamb to procure him a Bishopric, he will
overlook her offence, and restore her the letters; to which my lady replies, she shall
neither degrade herself nor Mr. Lamb by making any such application, but that she
is very grateful to my lord for the letter he has written her, which she shall put im-
mediately into Mr. Lamb's possession " {Creevy Papers). An action for divorce
against her was begun in Michaelmas 1829, Viscount Melbourne being the co-
respondent, but the case was non-suited and withdrawn. V.G.
(^) It was one of the three extinctions acted on, according to the Act of Union [I.],
in the creation of the Barony of Carew [I.], 14 June 1834.
BRASSEY 281
BRANDON [co. Kilkenny]
EARLDOM [I.] I. Ellis, ist da. of James Agar,(^) of Gowran
y jj Castle, CO. Kilkenny, by Mary, his 2nd wife, da. of Sir
'^ Henry Wemyss, of Danesfort, in that co. She m.,
Q istly, Mar. 1726, Theobald (Bourke), 7th Viscount
' °' Mayo [1.], who ^. s.p.s., 7 Jan. 1741, in his 36th year.
She m., 2ndly (as his 2nd wife), 17 Aug. 1745, Francis
(Bermingham), Lord Athenry [I.], who ^. 4 Mar. 1749. Eight years
after his death she was, on 1 5 Sep. 1758, cr. COUNTESS OF BRANDON,
CO. Kilkenny,y^r life. She d. s.p., 11 Mar. 1789, in Merrion Sq., Dublin,
in her 8ist year, when her life Peerage became extinct.(^) Will pr. 1789.
See " Monteagle of Brandon, co. Kerry," Barony, cr. 1839.
BRANDON [co. Suffolk]
See "Gerard of Brandon, SufFolk,"| Full account given under
Barony {Gerard), cr. 1645. r' Macclesfield," Earldom of,
i.e. "Brandon, Suffolk," Viscountcy. ) cr. 1679; extinct 1702.
i.e. "Brandon, Suffolk," Dukedom {HamHton), cr. 10 Sep. 171 1; see
"Hamilton," Dukedom of [S.], cr. 1643, under the 4th Duke.
BRAOSE see BREWES
BRASSEY OF BULKELEY
BARONY. I. Thomas Brassey, ist s. of Thomas B.,("=) of
Bulkeley, and of Buerton in Aldford, co. Chester (well
\. 1886. known as one of the greatest of railway contractors), by
Maria Farringdon, 2nd da. of Thomas Harrison, of
Liverpool. He was b. and bap. 11 Feb. 1836, at St. Mary's, Stafford;
(') See note sub George, Baron Callan [i 790], as to peerages conferred on mem-
bers of the family of Agar; and for those conferred on the families of Pitt and Baring
respectively, see notes $ub Camelford and Revelstoke.
(*) The Gent. Mag. ascribes to her " genuine wit, elegance of taste, dignity of
manners, and superior understanding." V.G.
("=) This Thomas Brassey {b. 7 Nov. 1805, d. 8 Dec. 1870) was a descendant of
Richard Brassey, of Bulkeley, who was living in 1663, being then aged 68, whose
ancestor had acquired lands at Bulkeley by marriage with one of the Bulkeley family.
See Her. Visit, of Cheshire, 1613 and 1663. The small property of Bulkeley,
possessed by Lord Brassey, did not, however, come to his father (who was of a cadet
line) by inheritance but by purchase. Ormerod, under " Bulkeley " in his Cheshire
(ist edit., 1 819, vol. ii, p. 363) says "The Brassies continued resident there in
great respectability for two-and-a-half centuries. The family have retained their
property but have sunk to the rank of Yeomanry."
37
282 BRASSEY
was'ed. at Rugby school, and at Univ. Coll., Oxford; B.A. 1859; M.A.
1862; Barrister (Line. Inn) 1864; M.P. (Liberal) for Devonport June to
July 1865, for Hastings 1868-86; Pres. of the Statistical Soc. 1879-80; a
Lord of the Admiralty 1880-84; K.C.B. (civil) 24 May 1881; Secretary to
the Admiralty 1884-85. On 16 Aug. 1886 he was cr. BARON BRASSEY
OF BULKELEY, co. Chester.(^) D.C.L. Oxford 1 888 ; a Lord in Wait-
ing 1893-95 y Gov. of Victoria 1 895-1 901 ; Pres. of the London Chamber
of Commerce 1901-04; LL.D. Dublin 1903; G.C.B. 29 June 1906.
On 5 July 191 1, at the Coronation of George V, he was cr. VISCOUNT
H YTHE OF H YTHE co. Kent, and EARL BR ASSEY-C) He w., i stly,
9 Oct. i860, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Anna,('') only child of John Allnutt,
of Clapham, Surrey, by his ist wife, Elizabeth Harriet, da. of John Fassett
Burnett, of May Place, Crayford, Kent. She d. 14 Sep. 1887, on board
the yacht "Sunbeam," oif Port Darwin, and was Ifur. at sea. Will dat.
22 Dec. 1882, pr. 16 Apr. 1888. He w., 2ndly, 18 Sep. 1890, at St. Paul's,
Knightsbridge, Sybil de Vere, sister of George Devereux de Vere (Capell),
7th Earl of Essex, 3rd and yst. da. of Arthur de Vere Capell, stykJ
Viscount Malden, by Emma Martha, da. of Sir Henry Meux, ist Bart.
She was I?. 29 Nov. 1858, at 2 Lyall Str., Belgrave Sq.
[Thomas Allnutt Brassey, s.and h. ap. by ist wife, ^. 7 Mar. 1863;
ed. at Oxford; M.A. ; served in South Africa 1900; ('^) on the Council of
Inst, of Naval Architects ; sometime Assist. Sec. to ist Lord of the
Admiralty; a Knight of Grace of St. John of Jerusalem; Mayor of Bexhill
1909. He »?., 27 Feb. 1889, Idina Mary, 3rd da. of William (Nevill), ist
Marquess of Abergavenny, by Caroline, ist da. of Sir John van-den-
Bempde-Johnstone, 2nd Bart., of Hackness Hall, co. York. She was k
5 May 1865, and is a Lady of Grace of St. John of Jerusalem.]
('') This was a consolation peerage for his defeat as Liberal candidate for
St. Andrews, and for the Abercromby division of Liverpool. For a list of these
peerages see vol. v, Appendix B. " Tom Brassey, the simple, honest, hard-working
son of the great contractor and millionaire . . . whom I have watched grow rapidly
up from nothing to a peerage, with only boundless money and commonsense as his
aides-de-camp." {The Story of My Life, by Augustus Hare, vol. ii, p. 25).
He is a pleasant looking man of medium height, clean shaven, with sandy hair,
prominent eyes, and a Saxon type of face. He has travelled much, and is industrious
in making commonplace books. Accordingly, he is a well informed person, and if
he possessed a little more originality he would be a very interesting companion.
He is friendly and good-natured, but without much sense of humour, so takes him-
self very seriously. After much searching of heart he fell into line with Gladstone
on the Home Rule question. As the Governor of a leading Colony, he showed
himself restless and a little undignified. He holds a master mariner's certificate,
and is really fond of the sea. V.G.
C") For a list of coronation peerages see Appendix F to this volume.
(') She was well known as the authoress of the Voyage of the Sunbeam, describing
her travels in almost every part of the world.
{^) For a list of peers and heirs ap. of peers who served in this war, see vol. iii.
Appendix B. V.G.
BRASSEY 283
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 3,544 acres in Sussex, and
73 acres in Cheshire; the first valued at about ;(!i and the other at about ;^io
per acre. Total 3,617 acres, valued at ;^4,4i7 a year. Chief Residence. —
Normanhurst Court, near Battle, Sussex.
BRAY see BR AYE
BRAYBROOKE, and BRAYBROOKE CASTLE
See "Griffin of Braybrooke Castle, co. Northampton," Barony
(Griffin), cr. 1688; extinct 1742.
BARONY. I. John Griffin (Griffin), Lord Howard de
Walden,(^) was, on 5 Sep. 1788, cr. LORD BRAY-
I. 1788. BROOKE, BARON OF BRAYBROOKE, co. North-
ampton, with a spec, rem., failing heirs male of his body,
to "Richard Aldworth Neville, Esq.," and the heirs male of his body.
He d. s.p., 25 May 1797. See "Howard de Walden," Barony, cr.
1597, under the 4th Lord.
II. 1797. 2. Richard (Aldworth-Neville, afterwards Grif-
fin), Lord Braybrooke, Baron of Braybrooke, 3rd
cousin {ex parte materna) and h. according to the spec, limitation. (^) He
was only s. and h. of Richard Neville-Aldworth,('') afterwards (1762)
Neville, of Stanlake and Billingbear, Berks, {d. ij July 1793) by Mag-
dalen, da. of Francis Calandrini, ist Syndic of Genoa. He was ^. in
Duke Str., Westm., 3 July 1750; matric. at Oxford (Merton Coll.) 20 June
1768, M.A, 4 July 1771; F.S.A. 24 May 1792; D.C.L. 10 July 1810;
LL.D. (Cambridge) 5 July 18 19. He was M. ?.("") for Grampound
1774-80, for Buckingham 1780-82, and for Reading 1782-97. On
17 July 1793, he sue. his father in the family estates, and on 25 May 1797
he sue. to the estates of the family of Griffin at Audley End,('') in Essex,
(^) For the descent of the ist Lord Braybrooke, through his mother, from the
Lords Griffin and the Lords Howard de Walden, and for the very distant connexion
of the and Lord Braybrooke with the ist Lord, see tabular pedigree.
C") For the pedigree of the family of Aldworth, see Howard's Misc. Gen. et Top.,
N.S., vol. iv, pp. 173-4.
(') He voted with the Tories in support of Lord North's administration; after
his marriage, in 1780, he became a regular follower of the Grenvilles, and with
them adhered to Pitt until 1801, and thereafter generally voted with the Whigs.
V.G.
('') In right of this ownership, he and his successors therein are Hereditary
Visitors of Magdalen College, Cambridge.
284
BRAYBROOKE
Tabular Pedigree shewing the connection of the ist Lord Braybrooke
with his successor, the second Lord, who had no descent from the family
of Griffin of Braybrooke.
Richard Neville, of Billing- =Annc, da. of Sir John
bear,Berks,^.l6l5, d. 1676. I Heydon, d. 1678.
I. Edward Grif-:
fin of Bray-
brooite and
Dingley, co.
Northants, cr. 3
Dec. 1 688 Baron
Griffin of Bray-
brooke; d. Nov.
1 7 10.
Essex, I St da.
and coh. of
James
(Howard)
Earl of Suffolk
andLoRoHow-
arddeWalden.
Anne, 1st da. m.
Richard Raynsford,
of Dallington, co.
Northants, s. and h.
of Lord Chief Jus-
tice Ransford. She
d. I 700.
T
John Ne-
ville of
Billing-
bear, s.
and h., d.
s.p. Dec.
1678.
Richard = Kathar-
Neville
of Bil-
lingbear,
b. 1655,
d. 1717.
"1 i
Other issue, II. James (Griffin), Baron Griffin of==Ann, da. andsole h.,
d. s.p. Braybrooke, s. and h., 3. 1667, </. 171 5. I ot. 1684, </. 1707.
I
III. Edward
(Griffin), Baron
Griffin of Bray-
brooke, s. and h.,
b. 1693; d. s.p.
legit., 1742,
when his Peer-
age became ex-
tinct.
Other
issue
d. s.p.
\
Anne, 2nd
and yst. sis-
ter and coh.,
OT. I717,
William
Whitwell,of
Oundle, CO.
Northants.
She d. 1770.
I
Elizabeth, ist=Henry
da. and coh., Neville,
m., zndly,
John (Wallop),
Earl of Ports-
mouth. She
d. s.p., 1762.
ine, sister
and h. of
Ralph
(Grey)
Baron
Grey of
Werk.
.ifterwards
HenryGrey,
of Billing-
bear, s. and
h., b. 1683,
^. /./., 1740.
1st husband.
Richard -
Aid-
worth of
Stanlake,
Berks, d.
1738-
"~l
Cath-
arine,
d.
1720.
I. John Griffin Whitwell, after-
wards John Griffin Griffin, s. and
h., ^. 1 7 1 9, sum. as Lord Howard
deWalden 3 Aug. 1784, being h.
to his great-grandmother, one of
the two coheirs to that dignity.
Was cr. 5 Sep. 1788 Lord Bray-
brooke, Baron of Braybrooke, co.
Northants, with rem. failing his
issue male, to "Richard Aldworth
Neville, Esq." He </././., 2 5 May
1797.
Other Mary, only surv. sister
issue, and h. ; b. 1728 ; m.
d.s.p. 1768, William Parker,
D.D., Rector of St.
James's, Westm. She d.
s.p., 1 8 Nov. 1 799, when
the issue of her great-
grandmother, Essex, coh.
of the Barony of How-
ard de Walden became
extinct.
Richard Neville-
Aid worth, afterwards
(1762) Aldworth-
Neville, of Stanlake
afsd., only s. and h.,
b. ijljid. 1793.
I
II. Richard Aldworth-Neville, afterwards (1798) Griffin, s.
and h. On 25 May 1797, he sue. his third cousin as Lord
Braybrooke, tifc, according to the spec. lim. of that dignity.
I
4^
BRAYBROOKE 285
and elsewhere, which were devised to him by the late Lord with the
proviso that the owner thereof should bear the name of "Griffin" only.
Accordingly he, by Royal lie, 27 July 1797, took the name of Griffin for
himself and his successors in the Griffin estates. He was Lord Lieut, and
Vice Admiral of Essex 1798 till his death; Provost Marshal of Jamaica;
High Steward of Wokingham ; Recorder of Saffron Walden, iic. He w.,
19 June 1780, at Stowe, Bucks, Catharine, sister of George, ist Marquess
OF Buckingham, 4th and yst. da. of the Rt. Hon. George Grenville, by
Elizabeth, da. of Sir William Wyndham, Bart. She, who was b. 1761, i^.
6 Nov. 1796, at Paddington, and was bur. at Laurence Waltham, Berks.
He d. at Billingbear, 28 Feb. 1825, aged 74, and was bur. with her. Will
pr. June 1825.
in. 1825. 3. Richard (Griffin), Lord Braybrooke, &'c. (for-
merly Richard Neville), s. and h., b. 26 Sep. 1783, at
Stanlake and bap. at Ruscombe. Ed. at Eton, and at Ch. Ch. Oxford;
cr. D.C.L. 5 July 18 10; M.P. (Whig) for Thirsk i8o5-o6,(^) for Saltash
Feb. to Apr. 1807, for Buckingham 1807-12, and for Berks 1812-25;
High Steward of Wokingham; F.S.A. 10 May 1838; Pres. of the Camden
Soc. 1853 till his death.C') He w., 13 May 18 19, at St. James's,
Westm., Jane, ist da. and coh. of Charles (Cornwallis), 2nd Marquess
CoRNWALLis, by Louisa, 4th da. of Alexander (Gordon), 4th Duke of
Gordon [S.]. She, who was b. 5 Oct. 1798, at Culford, Suffolk, d.
23 Sep. 1856, at Audley End. He d. 13 Mar. 1858, at Audley End, aged
74.("=) Both were bur. at Littlebury, Essex. Will pr. 22 Apr. 1858, under
;^ 1 20,000.
IV. 1858. 4. Richard Cornwallis (Neville),('') Lord Bray-
BROOKE, <yc., 3rd but istsurv. s. and h., b. 17 Mar. 1820,
in Charles Str., St. Geo., Han. Sq. Ed. at Eton ; sometime an officer in
(*) As a peer he voted for Catholic Emancipation, and for the Reform Bill, but
thereafter became a Conservative. V.G.
(*■) He was well known as an author and editor; Pepyi' Diary was edited by him
with great care in 1825 ; Tlie History of Audley End and Saffron JValden, in 1 835;
The Life of fane. Lady Cornwallis, in 1842, bfc,
("=) During the last four years of his life he lost no less than 14 of his nearest
relations, viz. his wife, two of his sons (both slain in the Crimean war in Nov. 1854),
his br. the Dean of Windsor, his sister Lady Glynn, &c.
("^) The name of Griffin was disused by him and his successors and that of
Neville {not Aldworth, which was their patronymic), somewhat arbitrarily readopted.
Considering that about three-fourths of their estates (including "Audley End," is'c.)
are derived under the will of the 1st Lord, who directed the retention of the name of
Griffin, this seems an ungrateful proceeding.
286 BRAYBROOKE
the Army; F.S.A. 25 Mar. i847.('') -^ Conservative. He?«., 27 Jan. 1852,
at St. Peter's, Eaton Sq., Charlotte Sarah, 5th da. of Hector John Graham
(Graham-Toler), 2nd Earl of Norbury [I.], by Elizabeth, da. and h. of
William Brabazon, of New Park, co. Mayo. He ^. s.p.m., 21 Feb. 1861,
at Audley End, and was bur. at Littlebury afsd., aged 40. His widow, who
was b. 26 Dec. 1826, m., 6 Nov. 1862, at All Saints', Upper Norwood,
Surrey, Frederic Hetley, of Upper Norwood, M.D. and F.R.C.S. She^.
4 Feb. 1867, and was bur. at Norwood.
V. 1 861. 5. Charles Cornwallis (Neville), Lord Braybrooke,
Baron of Braybrooke, br. and h. male, b. 29 Aug. 1823,
at Billingbear. Ed. at Magd. Coll. Cambridge; M.A. 1845. ^" politics he
was a Conservative. He m., 9 Oct. 1849, ^^ St. James's, Westm., Florence
Priscilla Alicia, 3rd da. of Cornwallis (Maude), 3rd Viscount Hawarden [I.],
by Jane Crawfurd, da. of Patrick Crawford Bruce, of Taplow Lodge, Bucks.
He d. suddenly, when at breakfast, at Audley End, 7, and was bur.
12 June 1902, at Littlebury, aged 78. His widow, who was b. 27 Oct.
1825, was living 1911. He was sue. by his next surv. br., who is outside
the scope of this work.
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 9,820 acres in Essex
(derived from the Lords Griffin of Braybrooke) and 3,691 acres in Berks.
Total 13,311 acres, valued at ^T 1 8, 1 73 a year. Principal Residences. — Audley
EndC') (in Saffron Walden), Essex, and Billingbear, near Wokingham,
Berks.
BRAYE or BRAY
[^Observations. — This is one of a series of Baronies, which, having been
unheard of for centuries, were claimed, in the earlier years of Queen
Victoria's reign, by any coheir who possessed sufficient interest to make
success probable. The Claimants of such Peerages were legion, and, in the
short space of 4 years, (1838-41) the abeyance of no less than 5 such
Baronies (Vaux, Camoys, Bray, Beaumont, and Hastings), of which the
average time of their disappearance was above 300 years, was terminated in
favour of some distant descendant who seldom possessed even a particle of
the ancient Baronial estate. (") The effect of this was to give the newly
established Peer (whose ancestors for some three centuries or more had
been but Commoners) precedence over nearly all of his own rank, many
of whom had inherited ancestral Peerages, enjoyed continuously for
generations.]
(^) He also was an author, chiefly of antiquarian works ; a list of them is in th
Annual Reg., 1861, p. 406.
C") This famous mansion is (191 1) let on a long lease to Lord Howard de
Walden. V.Q.
(^) For a list of these Baronies called out of abeyance, see vol. iv. Appendix H.
BRAYE 287
BARONY BY i. Edmund Bray, s. and h. of John B., of Eaton Bray,
WRIT Beds, and nephew and h. of Sir Reynold Bray, K.G.(*)
(Lord High Treasurer to Henry VII), was knighted 13 Oct.
1513; Sheriffof Beds 1514-15, and of Surrey and Sussex
^- ^5^9* 1522; was sum. to Pari, from 9 Aug. (1529) 21 Hen.
VIII (*>) (takinghisseat4Dec. 1529)010 i Mar. (1538/9)
30 Henry VIII ('^) by writ directed Ed'o D'no Bray dir, whereby he became
LORD BRAY.(°) He m. Jane, da. and h. of Sir Richard Halighwell or
Halywell, of Holwell, by Jane, da. of Sir John Norbury. W&d. 18 Oct.
1 539, and was bur. (with his father and uncle abovenamed) at Chelsea, Midx.
Willdat. 1 8 Oct. 1539, pr. 12 Mar. 1540. His widow w. Sir UrianBRERExoN.
She d. 24 Oct. 1558, and was bur. at Eaton Bray. Inci. p. m. 5 Oct. 1559.
II. 1539 2. John (Bray), Lord Bray, only s. and h., sum.
to to Pari, from 3 Nov. (1545) 37 Hen. VIII to 21 Oct.
''557- (1555) ^ '^^^ 3 Ph. and Mary. He was in the French
expedition 1546; was in command against the Norfolk
rebels 1548; was attached to the Garter Mission to France I55i;(') and
assisted at the siege of St. Quintin I556.(^) He was one of the 26 peers
who signed the letters patent, 16 June 1553, settling the Crown on Lady
Jane GreyjC") and was implicated in the plot against Queen Mary, 1556, for
which he was imprisoned for 12 months in the Tower. He m. Anne, da.
of Francis (Talbot), 5th Earl of Shrewsbury, by his ist wife, Mary, da.
of Thomas (Dacre), Lord Dacre of Gillesland. He d. at Blackfriars,
J./)., from wounds received at the battle of St. Quintin, 19, and was bur.
28 Nov. 1557, in his father's tomb at Chelsea. (') Fun. certif. at Coll.
of Arms.(^) Nunc, will pr. next day by his mother. Admon. 14 Jan.
1 57 1/2, renounced 22 Nov. 1572. At his death the Barony fell into abeyance
between his six sisters or their representatives. C*) His widow ;»., 18 Nov.
(^) There is a portrait of him from a stained glass window in Malvern Priory
Church in Dasent's Speakers of the House of Commons, and a brilliant sketch of his life
in a paper on "The Brays of Shere," in The Ancestor, no. vi. V.G.
C") The reasoning in support of such summons was deemed conclusive, in 1839, by
the House of Lords, though neither the original writ nor the enrolment thereof could
be found.
(■=) Not 24 Dec. as in Dugdale's Summonses. V.G.
(d) 47th Report D.K. of Public Records, p. 88. V.G.
(') This creation is dealt with by J. H. Round in his Studies in Peerage and Family
History. He contends that it rests solely on MS. H. 13, in the College of Arms,
which records Edmund's admission. V.G.
For a list of these see Appendix B to this volume.
(8) There are two portraits of him in The Ancestor. See note "a" above. V.G.
C") For a list of these see suh Edward, Earl of Derby [15 21].
(') He is described as "a youth of great promise, a paragon in Court, and of sweet
entertainment." He had a splendid funeral. V.G.
(') Printed in Lysons' Environs of London, vol. ii, p. 93 (edit. 1 795), sub "Chelsea."
C*) See tabular pedigree.
288
BRAYE
Pedigree of Braye showing the respective representatives of five out of
the six sisters in 1839, when the abeyance of the Barony of Braye was
terminated.
(4) (5)
Mary, aged 41 Dorothy, aged 29 in 1559, "'■ Edmund
in 1559, m. Sir (Brydges), Lord Chandos, who </. 1573.
Robert Peckham |
and d. 1569. Giles (Brydges), Lord Chandos, s. and h.
Will dat. 1 1 and d. 1594, s.p.m.
pr. 17 Sep. 1569. I
Her issue was pre- Catherine, only da. who had issue, m.
sumed (in 1839) Frances (Russell), Earl of Bedford, and
to be extinct. ancestor of John, 6th Duice of Bedford
who in 1839 was coheir to [^] this Barony.
(1) (1)
(6)
I
T
I
Frances, aged 24 in I559,m.
ThomasLyfield,and(/.l592.
I
Jane, da. and h. m. Thomas
Vincent. Her heir general
(which Sir Francis Vincent
I othBart.claimed to be),was,
in 1839, coheir to [i] this
Barony.
(3)
Afin,OT. George
(Brooke), Lord
Cobham. Both
</. 1558.
William Brooke, Lord Cobham,
s.andh.,aged26ini 559,^. i 596.
Sir
Ric.
Elizabeth, aged 46 in 1559, m., istly, 152
Ralph Verney, who d. 1546; zndly Sir
Catesby ; 3rdly,William Clark ; 4thly, Henry Phillips,
and d. a widow 1573. 1
Sir Edmund Verney, h. to hisistbr.
Edward V. in 1558, </. i 599/1600.
L
Frideswide,aged43 in
1559, m. Sir Percival
Hart, of LuUingston,
Kent, who </. 1580.
I
Sir George Hart, only
s. that had issue.
r
Henry (Brooke), Lord Cob-
ham, s. and h., attainted
1604,(2'. /./., 1 61 8.
Sir William Brooke, K.B., «■
and h., restored in blood 1 6 1 o,
but not to the Peerage.
I
George Cobham
otherwise Brooke,
attainted 1 604.
-^ I
Sir Ralph Verney, Bart.,
so cr. 1677, b. 1613,
d. 1696, aged 83.
I
"I
Sir Edmund Verney
b. I Jan. I 590, slain
at Edgehlll 1642.
Sir Percival Hart,
s. and h. d. 1642.
. .1
William Hart, s.
and h. ; d. s.p., 3 1
Mar. 1 674, aged 77.
Hill, 2nd da. and coh., m. Sir 3 other coheirs
William Boothby, Bart., and d. i 704, whose issue was
aged68. Her representatives were, in extinct before
li-fiC), coheirs to [^] this Barony. 1 8 39.
Other issue
extinct 1 8 1 o.
Sir Thomas Cave, Bart., of=Margaret,
Stanford,co. Leic.,</.I7I9. I (/. 1774.
r
SirHenryHart,
only s. that had
issue, d. v.p.
H
Sir Percival
Hart, neph-
ew and h.,
,/. 1688.
, , 1
Percival HartofLullingston,onlysurv.
s. andh.,</. 22 Oct. 173 8, age 70.
I
Sir John Verney, Bart.,
rr. Viscount Fermanagh
[L], 1703, b. 1640, d.
1717, aged75.
I
SirThomas Cave, Bart.,a'. 1778.
I
SirThomas Cave, Bart, d., 1 780.
I
Ann, only da. and h., m.'\n 1728, SirThomas Dyke, Bart.,
and was grandmother of Sir Percival Hart Dyke, Bart, who,
in 1839, was coheir to [^] this Barony.
I
Sir Thomas Cave,
Bart., only s. and
h.,</. s.f., 1792.
1
Henry Otway o?=^Sarai, only da.; b. 1768, m. 1790, took the name of
Castle Otway, co.
Tipperary,(/. 1804.
Otzvay-Caz'c in 181 8; and being coheir of [i] this
Barony was, in 1839, declared Baroness Braye.
/^
BRAYE 289
1561, at Sheffield, as his 2nd wife, Thomas (Wharton), Lord Wharton,
who d. 23 Aug. 1568, at Henlaugh, and was bur. there. She d. 3 Feb.
1584, and was bur. with him. Will pr. 25 July 1585, at York.
» X » » « « »
III. 1839 3. Sarah Cave, da. of Sir Thomas Cave, Bart., of
to Stanford Hall afsd., by Sarah, da. of John Edwards, of
1 862. London, Merchant, being only sister and h. of Sir Thomas
Cave, Bart., (on whose death i./)., 15 Jan. 1792, she
inherited the family estates) was b. 2 July, and bap. 4 Aug. 1768, at St.
Marylebone. She w., 25 Feb. 1790, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Henry Otway,
of Castle Otway, co. Tipperary, High Sheriff for co. Leicester 1 804, who
d. 13 Sep. 1 815, and was bur. at Stanford afsd. By Royal lie, 12 Mar.
1 8 18, she took the name of Cave after that of Otway. On 27 Aug. 1839
she was found coh. to the Barony of Braye (as descendant and representative
of Dame Elizabeth Verney, one of the six sisters (") and coheirs of the last
Lord) and the abeyance thereof was terminated in her favour, by letters
patent 3 Oct. 1839, whereby she became suojure BARONESS BRAYE. (•>)
She d. s.p.m.s., aged 93, at 14 Great Stanhope Str., Mayfair, 2 1 Feb., and was
bur. 4 Mar. 1862, at Stanford, M.I., when the Barony again fell into
abeyance between her four daughters and coheirs.('') Will pr. 24 Apr. 1862,
under ^T 80,000.
IV. 1879. 4. Henrietta, suojure. Baroness Brave, only surv. da.,
became, by the death of her only surv. sister, 13 May 1879,
sole h. to her mother, and, as such, inherited her Peerage. She, who was
b. 3 Nov. 1809, m. 24 Sep. 1844, at the Chapel of St. Mark's Coll., Chel-
sea, the Rev. Edgell Wyatt-Edgell, B.A., Rector of North Cray, Kent,
1834-51, who d. 26 Sep. 1888, aged 87, in Grosvenor Str. She d. six
months after her sister, 14 Nov. 1879, at Stanford Hall afsd. Will pr.
24 Dec. 1879, under ;^9,ooo.
V. 1879. 5. Alfred Thomas Townshend (Wyatt-Edgell, after-
wards Verney-Cave), Lord Braye, 3rd and yst., but only
surv. s. and h.('*) He was b. 23 July 1849, in Great Stanhope Str., May-
(*) See tabular pedigree.
C') Well may Banks write in the Baronia Anglica (vol. i, p. 136, edit. 1 844),
"The Lady was very fortunate in her obtainment of it, [the Barony] when there
were so many coheirs of high distinction, equal competitors in point of descent. But
there is a time and season y«r all things."
(■=) These were (i) Maria, h. 24 Dec. 1792, d. unm. 13 May 1879; (2) Anne, m.
the Rev. Henry Kemp Richardson, and d. s.p., 22 May 1871 ; (3) Catherine, Dowager
Countess Beauchamp, d. s.p., 4 Nov. 1875; and (4) Henrietta, the survivor, who
inherited the title. Robert Otway-Cave, their br., M.P. for Leicester 1826-30, and
for CO. Tipperary 1832, and 1835-44, d. s.p. and v.m., 29 Nov. 1844.
{^) His elder br., Edmund Verney Wyatt-Edgell, Capt. 17th Lancers, d. unm. a
few months before his mother, being slain at Ulundi in Zululand, 4 July 1879,
aged 33.
38
290 BRAYE
fair, Midx.; ed. at Eton, and at Ch. Ch. Oxford. He became a Roman
Catholic in i870.(^) A Knight of Malta. By royal lie, 5 Feb. 1880, he
took the name of Verney-Cave in lieu of that of Wyatt-Edgell. He served in
the war in South Africa. C') In politics he is a Liberal Unionist. He w.,
9 Sep. 1873, Cecilia Harriet, da. of William Gerard Walmesley, of West-
wood Hallj CO. Lancaster.
[Adrian Verney Verney-Cave, ist s. and h. ap., b. 1 1 Oct. 1874, w.,
28 Aug. 1900, at the Rom. Cath. Church, St. James's, Spanish Place, Man-
chester Sq., Ethel Mary, 2nd da. of Edward Bouverie B. Pusey, Capt. R,N.,
by Esther Elliot, only da. of the Rev. Richard Cox Hales.]
Family Estates. — These, in 18 83, consisted of 2, 896 acres in co. Leicester,
1,065 ''^ Northants, 650 in Herts, and 47 in Midx. Total 4,658 acres
valued at ^^8,3 17 a year. Principal Residence: — Stanford Hall, near Rugby,
Northants.
BREADALBANE;
BREADALBANE AND HOLLAND; BREADALBANE OF
TAYMOUTH CASTLE, and BREADALBANE OF
KENMORE
VISCOUNTCY [S.] I. John Campbell, only s. and h. of Sir
. , John C., Bart. [S. 1625], of Glenurquhy otherwise
' ' Glenorchy, co. Argyll, by his ist wife, Mary, da.
,„ of William (Graham), Earl of Menteith [S.],
was b. about 1635. He sue. his father June
FART DOM rs 1 1686, and after the Restoration, of which he had
L ■-' been a great supporter, was M.P. for Argyllshire,
L 1 68 1 1669-74; was principal creditor of George (Sinclair),
. , , r /■ Earl of Caithness fS.l, whose debts amounted to
wttn precedency of ibni. , ■,,• c \ c u u u. • j
^ ■' J I I above a million 01 marks, irom whom he obtained,
8 Oct. 1672, a reversion of his Earldom, <yc., and after whose death (May
1676) he was accordingly cr., 28 June 1677, "upon gross and false misrepre-
sentations," EARL OF CAITHNESS, VISCOUNT OF BREADAL-
BANE, LORD ST. CLAIR Ide Sancto Claro] OF BERRIEDALE AND
GLENURCHY [S.], and directed to assume the name and arms of Sinclair
[cognomen de Sinclair], which name and all of which titles he was compelled
to resign in 1681, it having been held that George Sinclair, h. male of the
last Earl of Caithness [S.] was entitled to that Earldom. On 13 Aug.
1 68 1 (under the name of "John Campbell of Glenurchie") he obtained
a new patent, with the former precedence (28 June 1677), whereby he was
(*) For a list of peers and peeresses who have joined this faith since 1850, see
vol. iii, Appendix G.
C') For a list of peers and heirs ap. of peers who fought in this war, see vol. iii,
Appendix B,
BREADALBANE 291
cr. EARL OF BRAE D'ALBANE [sic] AND HOLLAND,(=) VIS-
COUNT OF TAY AND PAINTLAND.C) LORD GLENURCHY,
BENEDERALOCH, ORMELIE AND WEICK[S.], With z spec. proviso
(similar to one contained in the first patent) viz. a power for him to nominate
as successor (^) any younger son, by his (then deceased) ist wife and the
heirs male of the body of such son, with a rem. to the heirs male of his own
body, rem. to his heirs waZ?, rem. to his h&\rswhatsoever.(f) P.C. [S.] 1685.
(^) The choice of the title of " Holland" being that of the Earldom enjoyed by his
late wife's family, which Earldom (though in 1673 it had become merged in that of
"Warwick") did not become extinct till 1759, seems unaccountable. G.E.C.
Very possibly the name is taken from Holland in Orkney, which may have come
into his hands from the Earl of Caithness. V.G.
C') The place so designated is Pentland, which gives its name to the well-known
Pentiand Firth. In the proceedings regarding the claim to the Peerage of Breadal-
bane in 1862, this title is sometimes spelt Pentland.
(') This is one of the class of Peerages [S.] in which the grantees were authorized
to nominate their successors in the dignities granted. Chronologically arranged they
appear to be comprised in the following list.
1604, July 7. Hume of Berwick, Barony. No nomination made.
1610, June ID. Cardross, Barony. Nomination made 30 Jan. 1617/8.
1646, July 31. RoxBURGHE, Earldom. Nomination made 23 Feb. 1648. To
this dignity that of a Dukedom was attached, 25 Apr. 1707.
1661, Jan. ig. Rutherford, Barony. Nomination made 23 Dec. 1663. Dor-
mant 1724.
1663, Nov. 3. [Query 13 Nov. 1666. See Riddell, p. 85, note, and Wood's
Douglas, vol. ii, p. 666.] Erroll, Earldom, new destination of. Nomina-
tion made 13 Feb. 1675, which (though it did not receive any subsequent
sanction from the Crown) was, on 19 May 1797, held to be valid by the
House of Lords.
1670, Dec. 5. Dysart, Earldom, regrant of. No nomination made.
1672, May 30. KiNGHORNE, Earldom. No nomination made. By charter,
I July 1677, this Earldom was designated as "Strathmore and King-
home."
1681, Aug. 18. Breadalbane, Earldom. Nomination made 14 July 1685.
1688, May 16. Sempill, Barony, regrant of. No nomination made.
1706, June 17. Queenseerry, Dukedom. Nomination made.
1706/7, Feb. 27. Stair, Earldom, regrant of; but, in this case, the nomination
dated 31 Mar. 1747, was (as being made after the Union with Scotland)
declared, on 4 May 1748, by the House of Lords, " not valid in law."
Along with these should, perhaps, be classed the Barony of Dingwall. Adam (Keith),
Lord Dingwall, had 24 Nov. 1591, on his resignation, a charter of his lands and titles
"suis haeredibus masculis et assignatis quibuscumque," under which he assigns them
both to Sir William Keith of Delney, who had, accordingly a charter of the same,
22 Jan. 1592/3. See also an article on this class of Peerage in Her. and Gen., vol.
iii, pp. 522-527.
(^) There is a curious proviso that, in the event of the nonpossession of the family
estate of Glenurchie, half of these honours {viz. Breadalbane, Tay, Glenurchie, and
Benederaloch) should cease, and the other half (wi'z. Holland, Paintland, Ormelie, and
Weick \_i.e. Wick] remain. See Riddell, p. 220, and compare the grants of the
292 BREADALBANE
A Lord of the Treasury [S.] 1692-96. After the massacre of Glencoe,
10 June 1 695, he was imprisoned for high treason, as having advocated the
Stuart cause in the Highlands, but on his explaining that this was only to
enable him the better to betray it, he was discharged without a trial. Though
always a Whig, he refrained from voting during the time of the Union [S.],
but was (at the age of 78) chosen a Rep. Peer [S.] 17 13-15. In the Rising
of 1715 he sent 500 men to join the " Chevalier," but escaped punishment.
He m., istly, 17 Dec. 1657, at St. Andrew's Wardrobe, London, Mary, da.
of Henry (Rich), ist Earl of Holland, by Isabel, da. and h. of Sir Wal-
ter Cope, of Kensington, Midx. She d. 8 Feb. 1666. He w., 2ndly,
7 Apr. 1678, Mary, widow of George (Sinclair), Earl of Caithness [S.],
3rd and yst. da. of Archibald (Campbell), Marquess of Argyll [S.], by
Margaret, da. of William (Douglas), Earl of Morton [S.]. She d. 4 Feb.
1 690/1. He is often said to have m., 3rdly, Mildred Littler,(") who
d. 1746. He d. 19, and was bur. 28 Mar. 17 17, aged 8 !,('') having
nominated, 14 July 1685, his second s., John, as his successor in the
Peerage.
[Duncan Campbell, j/y/ff^ Lord Ormelie, being ists. by ist wife, was,
on account of his incapacity, passed over in his father's nomination of a suc-
cessor. He d. s.p.(^) 1727, aged 67.]
EARLDOM [S.] 2. John (Campbell), Earl of Breadalbane and
|T Holland, i^c. [S.], 2nd s. by ist wife, and h. under his
' '■ father's nomination, dat. 14 July 1685, being styled
Barony of Lisle in 1444 and 1475 to the heirs of the grantees being Lords of the
Manor of Kingston Lisle. See also Nairne.
(^) She was certainly his mistress, but it is very doubtful if he ever married her.
Within 18 months of his death, the Earl made a settlement on "Lady Mary Camp-
bell, my daughter by Mrs. Littler." {Scots Peerage). V.G.
C") In Macky's Memoirs it is said of him "It is odds, if he lives long enough, but
he is a Duke. He is of a fair complexion and has the gravity of a Spaniard, is as cun-
ning as a Fox, wise as a Serpent and as slippery as an Eel." G.E.C.
"Seems to have united two different sets of vices. . . . Among the hills
he had learned the barbarian pride and ferocity of a Highland chief. In the Council
chamber he had contracted the deep taint of treachery and corruption . . . No-
body who knew him could trust him. . . . The depths of this man's knavery
were unfathomable." (Macaulay). V.G.
(°) He is sometimes said to have m. Margaret Campbell of Lawers, and to have
left male issue. John Campbell, of Fortwilliam, co. Inverness, claimed the title in
1863 on the ground of his descent from this Duncan, which, if proved, would have
constituted him h. male of the grantee, to which class of heirs, failing the issue male
of the 2nd Earl, the succession had then opened.
BREADALBANE 293
Lord Glenorchy('') till he sue. to the Earldom. He was li. 19 Nov. 1662.
He was sum. to surrender after the Risingof 1 7 1 5, but escaped punishment. C")
His right to the Peerage was impugned in 172 1, "his elder bn, Lord Or-
mony [/.^. Ormelie], being then alive."('=) Lord Lieut, of Perthshire 1725
till his death. After his brother's death he was found heir to his father,
26 Dec. 1733. Rep. Peer [S.] (Whig) 1736-47. Ch. Justice in Eyre
South of Trent Dec. 1746 till his death. He m., istly, Frances, da. of
Henry (Cavendish), 2nd and last Duk.e of Newcastle, by Frances, da. of
the Hon. William Pierrepont. She, who was b. 25 June 1660, ^. j./). and
v.p., 4 Feb. 1690, in her 30th year. He tn., 2ndly, 23 May 1695, Henri-
etta, sister of Edward, ist Earl of Jersey, 5th da. of Sir Edward Villiers,
Knight Marshal, by his ist wife, Frances, da. of Theophilus (Howard),
Earl of Suffolk. She d. i Feb. 1719/20. He d. 23 Feb. 1752, at the
Abbey of Holyroodhouse, in his 90th year. Will pr. Feb. 1753.
III. 1752. 3. John (Campbell), Earl of Breadalbane and
Holland, <yc.,[S.],only s. and h. by 2nd Wife, bap. 10 Mar.
1695/6, at the Chapel Royal; matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 13 Oct 171 1, then
aged 1 5. Master of the Horse to the Princess of Wales, 1 7 1 8 ; Minister to
Copenhagen, 1 720-30; K.B. (under the style of Lord Glenorchy) at the
revival of that order, 17 May 1725; M.P. (Whig) for Saltash, 1727-41 ; for
Orford, 1741-46; Minister to St. Petersburg, Dec. 1731; a Lord of the Ad-
miralty, 1741-42; Master of the Jewel Office, 1745-56; Rep. Peer [S.]
1752-68 and 1774-80; Ch. Justice in Eyre South of Trent, 1756-65;
Keeper of the Privy Seal [S.] Oct. 1765 to Aug. 1766; P.C. 12 May 1766;
Vice Admiral of Scotland 1776-82. In politics he was a warm supporter of
Walpole. On 5 May 1775 he executed an entail of his vast estates on the
inheritor of the title, viz. the h. ma/e (in the first instance) of the ist Earl.
He m., I stly, 20 Feb. 1 7 1 7/8, (lie. Fac. Off.) at St. James's, Westm., Amabel,
1st da. and coh. of Henry (Grey), Duke of Kent, by his ist wife, Jemima,
da. of Thomas (Crewe), Baron Crewe of Steyne. She d. 2 Mar. 1726/7,
at Copenhagen. ('^) He ;«., 2ndly, 23 Jan. 1730, Arabella, 3rd da. and coh.
of John Pershall (s. and h. ap. of Sir Thomas Pershall, Bart.), by Char-
lotte, da. of Thomas (Colepeper), Lord Colepeper. She d. i Sep. 1762,
(*) The Master will have greater influence than his father or grandfather with
his men. His grandfather the Earl is but a liferenter of £,S'^° ^ 7^^'' o"^ of the es-
tate, and is very much superannuated, and Lord Glenurchy is but a liferenter also, and
a very weak man, and the Master is a very promising youth and in the fee of the es-
tate. Sep. 1 7 16. {Hist. MSS. Com., Stuart Papers, vol. iv, p. 83). V.G.
C') Any help this Whig gave or professed to give to the Jacobites is less likely to
have been induced by any feeling of loyalty to his de jure king than by a determina-
tion, more Scottico, to take a different side from his father, so that " whatsoever king
may reign " the family property would be preserved. V.G.
{') Robertson, p. 88.
C^) Jemima, their only child who survived infancy, b. 9 Oct. 1723, sue. her mater-
nal grandfather (the Duke of Kent) as Marchioness Grey and Baroness Lucas of
Crudwell. See those tides.
294 BREADALBANE
at Bath, in her 6oth year. He d. 26 Jan. 1782, in his 86th year, at the
Abbey of Holyrood-house. Will pr. June 1783. On his death the suc-
cession opened to the heirs male (general) of the grantee.
[GeorgeCampbell, ^/j/ifd'LoRDGLENORCHYjis'. 24 Mar. 1 744, at Moffat,
aged about 12.]
[John Campbell, styledl^OKV) Glenorchy, 2nd but ist (in 1744) surv. s.
and h. ap., b. 20, and bap. 30 Sep. 1738, at St. Marylebone, Midx. Hew.,
26 Sep. 1 76 1, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Willielma, 2nd and posthumous da.
and coh. of William Maxwell, of Preston. He d. v.p. and s.p.s., 14 Nov.
1 77 1, in his 34th year, at Barnton, Midlothian, and was bur. at Finlarig.(*)
His widow d. i"] July 1786, in St. George's Sq., Edinburgh, in her 44th
year, and was bur. in a chapel there, which she herself had founded. C') Will
pr. I June 1787.]
IV. 1782. 4 and I. John (Campbell), Earl of Breadal-
BANE and Holland, i^c. [S.], 3rd cousin and h. male,
BARONY being ist s. andh. of Colin C., ofCarwhin, by Eliza-
I. 1806. beth, da. of Archibald Campbell, of Stonefield, which
Colin C. wasonlys. of Robert C. of Borland, the only
MARQUESSATE s. who had issue of Colin C. of Mochaster, who was
I. 1831. 3rd s. of Sir Robert Campbell, Bart. [S.], Laird of
Glenurchy, whereby he was yr. br. of Sir John C,
Bart. [S.], who was father of John, cr. Earl of Breadalbane, &c. as afsd.('^)
He was b. 30 Mar. 1762; ed. at Winchester; sue. his father in the estate of
Carwhin 30 Mar. 1772. Rep. Peer [S.] 1784 to 1806. F.R.S. 19 Feb.
1784. He raised a Reg. of Fencibles, 1793, of which he was Lieut. Col.
1795; ^°'- '" the Army, 1802; Major Gen. 1809, and Lieut. Gen. 18 14.
Councillor of State [S.] to the Prince of Wales, Apr. 1806. On 13 Nov.
1 806 he, being a Whig, was cr. BARON BREADALBANE OF TAY-
MOUTH CASTLE, co. Perth, and on 12 Sep. 1831 he was cr. EARL
OF ORMELIE and MARQUESS OF BREADALBANE. C^) He w.,
3 Sep. 1793, at his mother's house in Welbeck St., Marylebone, Midx.,
Mary Turner, ist da. and coh. of David Gavin, of Langton House, co.
Berwick, by Elizabeth, da. of James (Maitland), 7th Earl of Lauderdale
[S.]. He d. 29 Mar. 1 834, at Taymouth Castle, co. Perth, aged almost 72.
Will pr. July 1834. His widow d. 25 Sep. 1845, at Langton House afsd.
Will pr. Oct. 1845.
(*) A writer in N. & Q. asserts that he was killed in a duel, and hints that the
facts are well-known by Highland tradition. V.G.
C") She was well-known for her charity and piety, and was foundress of a sect of
Protestant dissenters.
{'^) See tabular pedigree.
('') This was one of the creations at the coronation of William IV, for a list of
which see Appendix F to this volume. The Earl of Cassillis [S.] was cr. Marquess of
Ailsa and the Earl Grosvenor was cr. Marquess of Westminster at the same time.
BREADALBANE
295
Pedigree showing the descent of the Earldom, which, after the death of
the 3rd Earl, is in the first instance, to the heirs male of the Grantee.
Sir Robert Campbell, Bart. [S.], Laird of Glenurchy, d. Nov. 1657, aged 82.
I
Sir John C.
Bart. [S.], 1st
s. and h., d.
I
Colin C. of
Mochaster,
CO. Perth, 3rd
I
William C. of
Glenfalloch,
CO. Perth, 5th
June 1686. %., d, 1668. %., d. 1648.
Alexander C.
ofLochdochart
in 16S4. 6th s.
"~T 1
Duncan C. of Auch- Other
lyne, whose male sons d.
issue is now (191 1) unm.
extinct. 7th s.
I. John, cr.
EarlofBread-
albane, only
s., d. 1 716.
I
Duncan C.
ofMochas-
ter, d. s.p.
I
John C,
d. /./.,
.675.
Colin C.
of Car-
whin, d.
s.p.,\-J\S.
II. John, Earl
of B., </. 1752.
Other sons
d. s.p.
I
I
Robert C. of
Borland, i. 10
Sep. 1660, d.
Feb. 1704/5.
I
I
Alexander
C, 5th and
yst. s., d.
s.p.
Robert C.
of Glen-
falloch,
only s.
_J
Colin C, of Carwhin, only s., served h. to his
uncle Colin C. 1715, </. 30 Mar. 1772.
J
III. John, Earl of
B.,onlys. Entailed
the estates on heirs
male in 1775, d.
s.p., 26 Jan. 1782.
I
IV. John C. ,/«(". in
i782,asEarlof B.,
b. 1762, cr. Mar-
quess of Breadal-
banei83i,<i'.i834.
I
I
Colin C. of
Carwhin,2nd
and yst. s., b.
1 763, (/.unm.
1792.
I
WilliamC.ofG.,h.
tohiselder br.James
C, was substitute
in the entail of
I775,d'.0ct.i79i.
I
Colin C. of Glen-
falloch, only s.
Robert
C.,had
8 sons.
I
Other
sons d.
unm.
V. John, Earl of
B., yc, also 2nd
Marquess of B.,
only s., d. s.p.,
8 Nov. 1862.
I
Colin C.
of G., b.
1750, d. 4
June, I 806.
James C, Capt.:
in theFencibles,
b. 1754, d. 24
Oct. 1806.
Elizabeth
Maria
Blanchard,
d. 1827.
I
John C.,of
Borland,
6th s., d.
1821.
William Ers-
kineC.ofG.,
only s., d. zz
July 1807.
r Z — r
William John Lamb C. of Other
Glenfalloch, served h. to his sons;/,
cousin, J. B. Campbell, in unm.
1 81 2, d. 4 June 1850.
Charles Wil-
liam C. of Bor-
land, </. 18 June
1861. I
John Breadalbane C.
of Glenfalloch afsd.,
only %., d. unm. 4 Jan.
1812, age 1 1.
I
George
Andrew
C, 2nd
and yst. s.
I
\
Alexan-
der C,
7th and
yst. s.
L
I
3 other
sons d.
s.p.
I.
William Bowie
Stuart C, only
s. living 1842,
d. s.p.
VI. John Alexan-
der Gavin C, sue.
in 1 862, as Earl of
B.,onlys.,i/. 1871.
. ' " 1"
Charles William C. of Bor- John
land, claimant fir the Earl- C,
dom and estates in 1863, 2nd
Major 2nd Bengal Cavalry, son.
I.
Colin
C.,3rd
and
yst. s.
John
Breadal-
bane C,
only s.
VII. Gavin, Earl of B., 3. i%f,i, cr.
Marquess of Breadalbane, 1885.
I
Ivan C,
b. 1859.
I
Norman C, 3rd and yst. %.,
d. an infant, 1 866.
II.
EARLDOM [S.]
V.
296 BREADALBANE
MARQUESSATE \ 2. John (Campbell), Marquess of Bread-
and BARONY. albane,EarlofOrmelie and Baron Bread-
ALBANE OF TaYMOUTH CASTLEjalsO EaRL OF
11834. Breadalbane and Holland, ^c. [S.], only
s. andh., b. 26 Oct. 1796, at Dundee. Ed.
at Eton. He was M.P. (Whig) for Oke-
hampton (under the style of Lord(^) Glen-
orchy) 1820-26, and for Perthshire (under
the sty/e of Earl of Ormelie) i 832-34. Grand Master of Freemasons [S.]
1824-26; F.R.S. 5 June 1834; K.T. 21 Mar. 1838; Lord Lieut, of co. Ar-
gyll, 1839 till his death; Vice Admiral thereof, 1840. Pres. of the British
Assoc. 1 840. Lord Rector of the Univ. of Glasgow, 1840-42. He enter-
tained the Queen and Prince Consort in Sep. 1842 at Taymouth. Rec-
tor of Marischal Coll. Aberdeen 1843-45; P.C. 4 Sep. 1848; Lord Cham-
berlain of the Household Sep. 1848 to Feb. 1852, and again, Jan. 1853 to
Feb. 1858. Envoy Extraordinary to Prussia for the investiture, at Ber-
lin, 6 Mar. 1 86 1, of King William (afterwards the German Emperor) with
the order of the Garter.('') Knight of the Black Eagle of Prussia. Presi-
dent of the Soc. of Antiquaries [S.] 1852-62. Gov. of the Bank of Scot-
land 1 86 1 till his death. He m., 23 Nov. 1821, at Mellerstain, Eliza,
sister of George, loth Earl of Haddington [S.], istda. of George Baillie,
of Jerviswood, by Mary, da. of Sir James Pringle, Bart. [S.]. She, who
was l>. 29 June 1 803, was a Lady of the Bedchamber Jan. to July 1 839. She
d. 28 Aug. 1 86 1, in Park Lane, Midx. He ^. s.p., 8 Nov. 1862, at Lau-
sanne, in Switzerland, aged 66, when all his Peerage honours [U.K.] became
extinct, while the Scottish dignities devolved on the h. male (general) of the
grantee as under.
EARLDOM [S.] 6. John Alexander Gavin (Campbell), Earl of
Breadalbane and Holland, i^c. [S.], cousin and h.
VI. 1862. male, being only s. and h. of William John Lamb C,
of Glenfalloch, co. Perth, by Rosanna, da. of John
Doughty, of Salop, which William J. L. C. was s. and h. of James C,
Capt. in the Fencibles (by Elizabeth Maria Blanchard), the said James C.
being s. of William C, s. of Colin C, only s. of Robert C, only s. of Wil-
liam C, all of Glenfalloch afsd., the last named W^illiam, being a s. of Sir
Robert Campbell, Bart. [S.], Laird of Glenurchy, whereby he was yr. br. of
Sir John C, Bart. [S.], and of Colin C. of Mochaster, the respective ances-
tors of the preceding Earls. (") He was b. 30 Mar. 1824, sue. his father
in the estate of Glenfalloch, 4 June 1850, and sue. his distant cousin (4th
cousin twice removed) in the Peerage and vast family estates in 1862 as
(*) He is called Viscount Glenorchy in contemporary lists,'though his father had
only a Barony of that name. V.G.
C") See, for a list of these Garter missions, Appendix B to this volume.
{^) See tabular pedigree.
BREADALBANE 297
afsd.(') He was sometime Capt. in the ist Royals. He m., 20 Apr. 1853,
Mary Theresa, da. of John Edwards, of Dublin. She d. 27 Feb. 1870, at
Nice. He d. 20 Mar. 1871, aged 47, at the Albany, Piccadilly.
VII. 1 87 1. I. Gavin (Campbell), Earl OF Breadalbane AND
R-XRONY Holland, ^'c. [S.], s. and h., b. 9 Apr. 1851, at
Fermoy, co. Cork, ed. at St. Andrew's Univ. He,
'• ^873- being a Liberal, was a Lord in waiting. Mar. 1873 ^o
Feb. 1874. On 25 Mar. 1873 he was cr. BARON
MARQUESSATE. BREADALBANE OF KENMORE, co. Perth, and
I. 1885. on II July 1885 was rr. EARL OF ORMELIE.co,
Caithness,andMARQUESSOFBREADALBANE.
Treasurer of the Household, May 1 880 to June 1885. P.C. 3 May 1 880;
Lord Steward of the Household 1892-95; Lord High Comm. to the Gen.
Assembly of the Ch. of Scotland 1893-95; K.G. 7 Mar. 1894. Pres. of
the Highland and Agric. Soc. Jan. to June 1896; Volunteer A.D.C. to
the King 1903. C") He m., 27 July 1872, at Trin. Church, Cowes, Isle of
Wight, Alma Imogen Leonora Charlotta, yst. da. of James (Graham), 4th
Duke of Montrose [S.], by Caroline Agnes, da. of John (Beresford), 2nd
(^) His succession thereto was disputed by his cousin, Charles William Campbell, of
Borland (the next h. male), on the grounds of the illegitimacy of his father. He had,
however, been allowed possession of the Breadalbane estates by the Court of Session,
which decision, on appeal therefrom, was confirmed, 27 May 1864, by the House
of Lords; Lord Chancellor Westbury and Lord Chelmsford being for, and Lord
VVensleydale being against. Their Lordships gave their reasons, which were the re-
cognition of VV. J. L. Campbell's legitimacy, by the family of the appellant and other
members of his family, and his inheritance in 181 2 of the estate of Glenfalloch as
heir to his deceased cousin. The arguments per contra are however considerable.
The lady whose marriage was in question (formerly Elizabeth Maria Blanchard) stated
in a letter to the War Office that she was m. to James Campbell at Edinburgh in Sep.
1782. Now it is certain that on 5 June 1776 Elizabeth Maria Blanchard (probably the
same person) m. at Chipping Sodbury, co. Gloucester, Christopher Ludlow, by whom
she had a child, b. and d. the next year. Soon after its birth she is said to have
eloped from him. Christopher Ludlow (there is little doubt of his identity) did not
die till Jan. 1 784. The date of the birth of William J. L. Campbell has never been
ascertained. [He was bap, 20 Jan. 1788, at Gateshead-upon-Tyne, presumably with
a view to making him appear legitimate.] The favourable view would be that it was
(not till seven years after her elopement, and, consequently) after Ludlow's death,
when, by Scottish law, (see note sub Frederick, Earl of Lauderdale [1884]) the
child might, even if not born in marriage, be, by a subsequent one, rendered legiti-
mate. But, on the other hand (granting, what is almost certain, the identity of the
persons named) the written statement of the Lady, whose marriage was questioned,
that she was married in 1782 to Mr. Campbell (when Ludlow was alive) is awkward,
as shewing that she, at least, relied upon the marriage of that date (at Edinburgh) and
not on any subsequent status of marriage by repute. See Her. and Gen., vol. iv,
pp. 242-257.
C") He is one of the numerous peers who are or have been directors of public com-
panies. For a list of these (in 1896) see vol. v. Appendix C. V.G.
39
298 BREADALBANE
Baron Decies [I.]. She, who was b. 7 Sep. 1854, was an extra Lady in
"Waiting to H.R.H. the Duchess of Albany.
Family Estates. — These, in 1 883, consisted of 234,166 acres in co. Perth,
and 204,192 in co. Argyll. Total 438,358 acres,(^) valued at about ;^55,700
a year. Principal Residence: — Taymouth Castle, co. Perth.
BRECHIN
i.e. "Brechin Navar and Ardmanach " Barony [S.] {Stewart), cr.
148 1, with the Earldom of Ross, which see; extinct, with the Dukedom of
Ross [S.], 1504.
i.e. " Maule of Brechin and Navar " Barony [S.] (Maule), see " Pan-
mure" Earldom of [S.], cr. \f>\(>\ forfeited 17 15.
See "Panmure of Brechin and Navar, co. Forfar" Barony [S.]
(Maule), cr. 1831; extinct 1874.
BRECKNOCK (county of)
i.e. "Butler of Lanthony, co. Monmouth and Earl of Brecknock in
Wales," cr. 20 July 1660. Forfeited, together with the Dukedom of
Ormond [E.], 17 15. See "Ormond," Marquessate of [I.], cr. 1642, under
the first Marquess.
i.e. "Brecknock," Earldom (Pratt), cr. 18 12 with the Marquessate of
Camden, which see.
BREFFNEY
Owen O'Rourke, who had served in Ireland for James II, and after-
wards retired to France, was Ambassador to Vienna, 18 Apr. 1727, for
the titular James III, who cr. him, 24 May 1727, BARON O'ROURKE
OF CARHA, CO. Leitrim [I.], with the usual rem. On 31 July 1731 he
was cr. VISCOUNT BREFFNEY of Connaught [I.], with the same rem.
In July 1742, "as a special mark of the Royal favour, he having no chil-
dren, and his lady being past the age of having any," he had a new
patent, but with the precedency of the former as BARON OF CARHA
and VISCOUNT BREFFNEY [I.], with rem. failing h. male of his
body to hiscousin German, Constantine O'Rourke, of Carha,and the heirs
male of his body. See also vol. i. Appendix F.
(f) He is one of the ten noblemen who possessed in 1883, above 100,000 acres in
the U.K., and in the size of his estates (though by no means in rental) stood third, being
only exceeded by the Dukes of Sutherland and Buccleuch. See, for a list of these
landowners, vol. vi. Appendix H.
BRENTFORD 299
BRENNY
i.e. " Brenny," Earldom [I.] {O'Reilly), intended to be cr. 1 541, but
no patent passed. See O'Reilly, Earldom [I.], 27 May 1541.
BRENTFORD
EARLDOM. I. Patrick. RuTHVEN, 2nd s. of William RuTHVEN, of Bal-
lindean (who^.july 1 603), byKatharine, da. of John(STEWART),
I. 1644 4th Lord Innermeath, which William was s. of another
to William R. of the same, ayr. s. of William, ist Lord Ruth-
1651. VEN [S.], was i^. about 1573. He entered the Swedish army,
being Capt. in 1615; Col. 1630; Major Gen. 1632; Lieut.
Gen. and Col. of a Reg. of Horse 1635. -^^ "^^^ knighted 23 Sep. 1627,
by Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, who made him Gov. of Ulm on
its surrender, 1632. He was cr. Count of Kirchberg, in Germany, Apr.
1632. In 1639 he was made Muster Master Gen. of the army [S.], and
Gov. of Edinburgh Castle, which he held for the King till 19 Sep. 1640,
when forced, though on honourable conditions, to surrender. In 1639 he
was cr. LORD RUTHVEN OF ETTRICK [S.], and, on 27 Mar. 1642,
EARL OF FORTH [S.]. He joined the King at Shrewsbury in that year,
and, on the death of the Earl of Lindsey, had the chief command at the
battle of Edgehill, in Oct. 1642, being then made Marshal Gen. and
Com. in chief of the Royal army; Col. of a Reg. of Foot, i^c. Having
defeated the Pari, forces at Brentford, 1 5 Nov. 1 642, he was in commemora-
tion thereof, cr., 27 May 1644, EARL OF BRENTFORD, Midx.(^)
In the same year he was made Councillor and Lord Chamberlain to the
young Prince of Wales. It is stated ('') that in consideration of his resigning
his post as Gen. in chief (in which Prince Rupert sue. him in Nov. 1644) he
was cr. Marquess of Thames [.'' Thame], but no docquet of such creation
remains. P.C. 30 Apr. 1645, re-sworn 12 July 1649. (") Lord Chamberlain
to Charles II when in exile, Feb. 1648/9. Envoy5 to Stockholm
1649. ^^ ^-i istly, a lady unknown. He tn., 2ndly, Jane, sister of
Col. John Henderson. He m., 3rdly, in 1633, Clara, da. of John Berner,
of Saskendorff and Ventzin, in Mecklenburg, by Anna, da. of ( — ) Dyer-
LiNCK. He (/. s.p.m., 2 Feb. 1650/1, "almost unnoticed," at Dundee, and
was hur. at Monifieth, aged about 77, when all his honours became extinct.(^)
(^) The only record of this creation is in Black's Docquets of Letters Patent in
the years 1642-46; Commissioners having been ordered by the Parliament to cancel
and deface all Patents conferring honours after 4 Jan. 1 64 1. V.G.
(•>) Spalding, vol. ii, p. 245. V.G.
i^) On 26 Mar. 1645 he was granted an honourable augmentation of his arms.
C^) His gallantry in the field, and his power, when winebibbing, of retaining his
faculties while extracting secrets from others, made him invaluable. See Harte's
Life of Gustavus Adolphus. Lord Clarendon says of him, " He had been without doubt
a very good officer and had great experience [in another place, he says ' in the field
300 BRENTFORD
Willdat. 8 Aug. i649.(") His widow t/. Aug. i679.('') Will pr. 26 Nov.
1679.
[Alexander Ruthven, styled Lord Ruthven, s. and h. by 2nd wife,
was a Capt. in the Royal service, and with his father at the siege of Edin-
burgh (1639-40). He m. ( — ), and had a s. Patrick (who was living at
the date of his grandfather's will, 8 Aug. 1649). He d. between 11 Mar.
1642 and 8 Aug. 1649.]
[Patrick Ruthven, styledl^oKH Ruthven, only s. and h. ap. by 3rd
wife, b. 1648, d. an infant 4 Sep. 1650.]
i.e. "Brentford, Midx.," Earldom (Sc/iomberg), cr. 1689, with the
Dukedom of Schomberg, which see; presumed to be extinct 1719.
i.e. "Brentford, Midx.," Barony (Fane), cr. 1722, with the Earldom
OF Darlington, which see; extinct 1730.
BREOUSE see BREWES
BRERETON OF LAGHLIN or LEIGHLIN
BARONY [I.] I. William Brereton, s. and h. of Sir William B.,
J f- of Brereton Hall, co. Chester (d. 4 Sep. 1559), by Jane,
''■■ da. of Sir Peter Warburton, was />ap. 6 Feb. 1550, at
Brereton; built "the Hall" at Brereton about 1586;
knighted at Flushing, by the Earl of Leicester, i May 1588. He was cr.,
II May 1624, BARON BRERETON OF LAGHLIN, co. Carlow [I.].
He m. Margaret, da. of Sir John Savage, of Rocksavage, co. Chester, by
Elizabeth, da. of Thomas (Manners), ist Earl of Rutland. She, who was
l>. 1549, d. 7 Apr. 1597, and was iur. at Brereton. He d. 1 Oct. 1631,
and was bur. there, aged 81. Will dat. 20 May 1630, pr. 16 Feb. 163 1/2.
II. 1631. 2. William (Brereton), Baron Brereton OF Leigh-
LiN [I.], grandson and h., being s. and h. of Sir John B.,
by Anne, da. of Sir Edward Fitton, Bart., of Gawsworth, which Sir John
was only surv. s. and h. ap. of the first Lord, and d. v.p., 23 Dec. 1629,
aged 38. He was b. 28 Feb., and bap. 8 Mar. 161 1, at Gawsworth afsd.
M.P. for Cheshire 1661 till his death. He m. Elizabeth, da. of George
(Goring), ist Earl of Norwich, by Mary, da. of Edward (Nevill), Lord
he well knew what was to be done '] and was still a man of unquestionable courage
and integrity; yet he was now (1644) much decayed in his parts and with the long
continued custom of immoderate drinking, dozed in his understanding, which had been
never quick and vigorous; he having been always illiterate to the greatest degree that
can be imagined."
(*) It is printed in the Ruthven Correspondence (Roxburghe Club). V.G.
C") She had a grant from Charles I, dat. 6 Feb. 1644, of a pension of ;^500, to be-
gin on the death of the Earl. (T. Hearne, Collections, vol. v, p. 328). V.G.
BRERETON 301
Abergavenny. He was bur. 21 Apr. 1664, at Brereton, aged ^2- His
widow was bur. there 5 Dec. 1687.
III. 1664. 3. William (Brereton), Baron Brereton OF Leigh-
LiN [I.], s. and h., bap. 4 May 1631, at Brereton. He m.,
in or before i659,(*) Frances, 2nd da. and coh. of Francis (Willoughby),
5th Baron Willoughby of Parham, by Elizabeth, da. and coh. of
Edward (Cecil), Viscount Wimbledon. He d. in London, 1 7, and was bur.
19 Mar. 1679/80, at St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, aged 48.('') Admon. 11 Dec.
1686, and again 18 May 1697 to a creditor. His widow was bur. 12 Sep.
1680, at St. Martin's afsd. Will dat. 6 Sep. 1680, pr. 16 Feb. 1682/3.
IV. 1680. 4. John (Brereton), Baron Brereton of Leigh-
LiN [I.], s. and h., b. 2, and bap. 4 Dec. 1659, at St. Paul's,
Covent Garden. He did not sit in the Pari. [I.] of James II, 7 May
i689.('') He in. (lie. Vic. Gen. 26 June 1686) Mary, da. of Sir Thomas
Tipping, of Wheatfield, Oxon, by Elizabeth, da. and coh. of Sir White
Beconsaw, of Moyles Court, Hants, she being then aged 31 and a spinster.
She d. Feb. 17 14/5, and was bur. at Brereton. He d. s.p., 171 8, at
Brereton, aged 58. Admon. 24 Oct. 17 18, and again 14 Mar. 1723/4.
V. 1718 5. Francis (Brereton), Baron Brereton OF Leigh-
to LIN [I.], only surv. br. and h.\ b. i, and bap. 2 May 1662,
1722. at St. Paul's, Covent Garden. He d. unm.,('') in the
parish of St. Andrew's, Holborn, and was bur. 1 1 Apr.
1722, at Brereton afsd., aged 59, when his Peerage became extinct.{f)
Admon. 24 May 1722 to his aunt, Elizabeth Brereton, Spinster, and (after
her death) 14 Mar. 1723/4, to Sir Clobery Holte, Bart., and James Tyrrell,
" Esq.," cousins once removed and next of kin.
(*) The date 21 Aug. 1658, is given for this marriage in the fictitious Diary of
Lady IVilloughby. See note sub Francis, Baron Willoughby of Parham [16 18?].
C") He was a man of great literary attainments, and was one of the Founders of
the Royal Society, 20 May 1663. "I find him a very sober and serious able man.
.... After dinner he very genteelly went to the organ and played a verse very
handsomely." {Pepys, 5 Jan. 1667/8). V.G.
Q For a list of peers present in, and absent from, this Pari., see vol. iii, Appendix
D. V.G.
C') On 14 Feb. 1687/8 he had lie. from the Vic. Gen. office to marry Mary
Frances, Dowager Viscountess Kilmorey [I.], about 23, and a widow. This mar-
riage however never took place, and she m., 8 May 1690, Theophilus (Hastings),
Earl of Huntingdon.
(«) On the death s.p. (1872) of Charles Holte Bracebridge, of Atherstone Hall, co.
Warwick {h. 19 Mar. 1799), and of his only sister, both being children of Mary
Elizabeth, only da. and h. of Sir Charles Holte, Bart, of Aston Hall in that co.
(whose great-grandmother Jane, wife of Sir Robert Holte, Bart., was sister of the
and Lord Brereton), the whole of the issue of Sir John Brereton, (the only s. of the
1st Baron), is presumed to have become extinct, and the representation of the family
to have devolved on the daughters and coheirs of Mary, Countess of Thomond [I.],
the only da. of the 1st Lord Brereton.
302 BREWES
BREUS see BREWES
BREUSE, BREWES, or BREWOSE(^)
BARONY BY i. Sir William de Breuse, s. and h. of John de
WRIT. Breuse, Lord of Bramber and GowerjC") by Margaret,
T da. of Llewelyn ap lorwerth, Prince of North Wales.
" ■ lie sue. his father in 1232, before 18 July,('') and was of full
age before 15 July i245.('') He was sum. cum equis et
armis from 14 Mar. (1257/8) 42 Hen. Ill to 14 Mar. (1282/3) " i Edw. I,
and to attend the King at Shrewsbury,(^) 28 June (1283) 11 Edw. I, by
writs directed Willelmo de Breuse^ Brehuse, or Brewes. He is recorded to
have sat in the Pari, of Apr.-May 1290,0 whereby he may be held to
have been LORD BREWOSE. He m., istly, Aline, da. of Thomas de
MuLTON of Burgh-on-Sands, Cumberland, by Maud, da. and h. of Hubert
DE Vaux, of Gilsland in that co.(^) He m., 2ndly, AgneSjC") da. of Nicholas
DE MoELEs or Mules, of Cadbury, Somerset. He m., 3rdly, in or before
1271, Mary,(') da. of William de Ros of Helmsley [Lord Ros], by Isabel,
da. and h. of WiUiam d'Aubigny, of Belvoir. He d. shortly before
6 Jan. i2 9o/i.(') His widow, whose dower was settled by deeds dated
21, 23 Mar. 1 2 90/ !,('') d. shortly before 23 May 1326.C)
II. 1291 to 1326. 2. Sir William de Brewes or Brewose,(") Lord of
Bramber and Gower, s. and h., by ist wife. Having
(^) This article has been kindly contributed by G. W. Watson. V.G.
('') John de Breuse was s. and h. of William (who was starved to death by King
John in 1 210), s. and h. of William, Lord of Braiose (now Briouze) in Normandy,
of Bramber, and of Brecon. See " Abergavenny," under the Xlth Lord.
(<=) Close Roll, 16 Hen. Ill, m. 7.
(<>) Fine Roll, 29 Hen. Ill, m. 6.
if) As to this supposed Pari., see Preface. V.G.
(') As to this Pari., see Preface, and as to how far early writs of summons did in
fact create any Peerage title, see Appendix A in the last volume. V.G.
(s) She had the manor of Thorganby, co. York (parcel of the inheritance of
Maud de Vaux), in free marriage [Assize Roll, no. 1055, '"'"• 23, 40, 57; no. 1089,
m. 20 d).
C") She had the manor of Woodlands, co. Dorset, in free marriage. See Ch. Inq.p. m.
(on her s., Giles de Brewose), Edw. II, file 67, no. 12.
(') She had lands in Werthorpe, co. York, in free marriage.
(') Writ of diem cl. ext. 6 Jan. [Fine Roll, 1 9 Edw. I, m. 1 8). There is no
Inq. p. m. extant.
C') Enrolled on Close Roll, 19 Edw. I, m, 8 d. On 20 Sep. following, she had
livery of the knights' fees and advowsons assigned to her in dower. Idem^ m. 3.
(') Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. II, file 97, no. 7, file 100, no. 13.
(") His arms were. Azure, crusilly, a lion rampant Or.
BREWES 303
done homage, he had livery of his father's lands, i Mar. i29o/i.(*) He
was sum. cum equis el urmisQ') from 14 June (1294) 22 Edw. I to 18 Apr.
(1323) 16 Edw. II, to attend the King wherever he might be, 8 June
(1294) 22 Edw. I, to attend the King at Salisbury,(') 26 Jan. (1296/7)
25 Edw. I, and to Pari, from 29 Dec. (1299) 28 Edw. I to 18 Sep. (1322)
16 Edw. II, by writs directed fVillelmo de Brewosa.(f) As fVillelmus de
Breuhosa dominus de Gower, he took part in the Barons' letter to the Pope,
12 Feb. 1 300/1. The name of his ist wife is unknown. (^) He w.,
2ndly, before 24 Apr. 13 17, Elizabeth, da. and h. of Sir Raymund
DE Sully, of Sully, co. Glamorgan. He d. shortly before i May 1326,0
having alienated his lordships of Bramber and Gower to his son-in-law,
John de Mowbray. His widow, who was aged 20 and more at her
father's death in i3i6/7,(«) d. s.p., before 24 Aug. 1328. (^)
He left 2 daughters and coheirs. (') (i) Aline, m. istly, in 1298,
at Swansea, Sir John de Mowbray, of Axholme, co. Lincoln [Lord Mow-
(*) Fine Roll, 19 Edw. I, m. 15.
C') Among those so sum. 24 May 1282, IVillelmus de Breus' and IFillelmus de
Brewes both occur. But several names are repeated in this list, so that these are,
doubtless, the same person, viz., the William who d. 1290-91.
(•=) As to the writs of 8 June 1294 and 26 Jan. 1296/7, see Preface. V.G.
("*) Breuse, Breusa, Breouse, Breuose, Brewes, Bruosa, but after 1 30 1 usually Brewos'
or Brewosa.
(«) Genealogists mention only Elizabeth de Sully as his wife, and as the mother of
his 2 daughters. But this is erroneous. Raymund de Sully was described as aged 23 when
he sue. his father, Walter (before 26 Dec. 1285 — Fine Roll, 14 Edw. I, mm. 17, 15),
in the Inq. p. m. on the latter (14 Edw. I, no. I, now missing), and his mother Mabel
(de Somery) did not die till 131 1 (Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. II, file 24, no. 9), when he is
described as 40 and more. He could not therefore have been the great-grandfather
of John de Bohun, b. 1 30 1 (see "Bohun").
(') Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. II, file 97, no. 6. On 13 May 1326, Simon de Mont-
breton had licence to marry his widow, if she would [Patent Roll, 1 9 Edw. II, pars 2,
m. 10).
(^) Ch. Inq. p. m. (on Raymund de Sully), Edw. II, file 54, no. 14.
C") At which date, and afterwards, John de Avene (Avan, co. Glamorgan), s. of
Leisan d'Avan, s. of Sibyl, sister and in her issue coh. of Raymund de Sully, described
himself as "dominus Davene de Kilvei et de Sully" [Harl. Charter, 75 C 25:
Clark, Cartae Glamorgan., nos. 261, 1 134, etc.). See also a note in The Scrope and
Grosvenor Controversy, vol. ii, p. 240.
(') He had a s., William, living Apr. 131 5, who is not mentioned by any genea-
logist. A charter of Gilbert de Turberville, "dominus de Landymore," dated 27 Apr.
9 Edw. Ill, mentions the lands which he had by the gift "domini Willelmi de
Brewousa filii et heredis domini Johannis de Brewousa et domini Willelmi de
Brewousa domini Gouherie filii ejusdem domini Willelmi et domini Willelmi
de Brewousa filii ejusdem domini Willelmi domini Gouherie" [Top. and Gen.,\o\. ii,
p. 270). And Clark, «/ jw/ira, nos. 1087-89, 1092, prints four charters, dated 14 Jan.
and 13 Apr. 8 Edw. II, of " Willelmus de Breuwosa dominus de Landimor filius et
heres domini Willelmi de Breuwosa."
304 BREWES
bray], who was hanged at York (after the battle of Boroughbridge),
23 Mar. 132 1/2. She w., 2ndly, Sir Richard de Peshale, and d. before
21 Aug. I33i.(*) (2) Joan m., istly, in or before 1301, James de Bohun,
who d. in 1306. She m., 2ndly, Sir Richard Foliot, of Gressenhall,
Norfolk, and d. before 23 June 1324. Among their representatives any
hereditary Barony, that may be supposed to have been created in 1290, is
in abeyance. (^)
BREUSE or BREWES(=)
I. Sir Richard de Breuse, a yr. s. of John de B., Lord of
Bramber and Gower, by Margaret, da. of Llewelyn ap lorwerth. Prince
OF North Wales, b. before 1232. He was sum. cum equis et artnis
12 Dec. (1276) 5 Edw. I to 14 June (1287) 15 Edw. I, and to attend the
King at Shrewsbury,('^) 28 June (1283) 11 Edw. I, by writs directed
Ricardo de Brehuse or Breuse. He w., before 9 Sep. I265,(') Alice, widow
of Richard Lungespeye (who d. s.p. shortly before 27 Dec. I26i),(') and
da. and h. of William le Rus, of Stinton, Norfolk, Akenham and Whit-
tingham, Suffolk,(«) by Agatha, da. and h. of Roger de Clere, of Bramley,
Surrey, and Ludborough, co. Lincoln. (■") She was ^.25 Dec. 1245 or
1247, or I Jan. 1 245/6. («) He d. before 18 June 1292.0 His widow
d. shortly before 28 Jan. i30o/i.(') They were bur. in Woodbridge
Priory.
(») Ch, Inq. p. m., Edw. Ill, file 30, no. 8.
(»>) See " Mowbray " and " Bohun."
(■=) This article has been kindly contributed by G. W. Watson. V.G.
{^) As to this supposed Pari, see Preface. V.G.
(*) Curia Regis Roll, no. 174, 49 Hen. Ill, m. 11.
(') Ch. Ing. p. m. (on Richard Lungespeye), Hen. Ill, file 25, no. 20. This
Richard was and s. of William Lungespeye or Longespe, by Idoine, da. and h. of
Richard de Camville [Book of Lacock, f. igd). In Feb. 1260/1 the King styled him
cognato mo [Fine Roll, 45 Hen. Ill, m. 16).
(8) Ch. Inq. p. m. (on William le Rus), Hen. Ill, file 14, no. 17, file 23, no. 17,
(•") Ch. Inq. p. m. (on Roger de Clere and Maud his wife), Hen. Ill, file 10,
no. 14.
(') At which date his widow was claiming her dower [Assize Roll, no. 1089,
20 Edw. I, m. 2od). On the morrow of St. John the Baptist 25 Edw. I, Richard
de Brewose obtained from [his mother] Alice, que fuit uxor Ricardi de Brewosa, the
manor of Stradbroke, Suffolk. The younger Richard m. Ah'anore [Feet of Fines,
case 216, file 43, no. 42; file 45, no. 30). He was sum. cum equis et armis 12 Mar.
1 300/1. Blomefield erroneously assigns to the elder Richard the Inq. p. m. on his
nephew Richard, for which see p. 308, note "d."
()) Fine Roll, 29 Edw. I, m. 15: Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. I, file loi, no. 5.
BREWES 305
2. Sir Giles de Breuse,Q s. and h., aged 28 and more at his
mother's death. He m. Joan,('') da. of Richard de Beaumont, of Witnes-
ham, Suffolk. He d. shortly before 6 Feb. i3io/i.("=) His wife
survived him.
3. Richard de Breuse, s. and h. (by Joan afsd.), aged 8 or 9 at
his father's death. He d. s.p., a minor in the King's ward.('')
4. Robert de Breuse, next br. and h. He m. Katherine, da. and
h. of Sir Thomas de Norwich. He d. s.p., shortly before 12 July 1325, a
minor in the King's ward.(') His widow had livery of her dower
16 Sep. 1325 and 8 Apr. 1326. Q She became a nun at Dartford,
Kent, 2 Feb. 1378/9.(6)
5. Sir John de Brewes, of Stinton, Akenham, Ludborough,
i^c., next br. and h., b. 10 Aug. 1306. He m. Eve,('') da. of Sir
Robert d'Ufford [Lord Ufford], by Cicely, yr. da. and coh. of
Robert de Valoignes, of Ixworth and Walsham, Suffolk. He and
(*) His arms were, Argent, crusilly, a lion rampant, tail forked, Gules.
(•>) Feet of Fines, case 216, file 47, no 38: is'c. He is said to have tn., istly,
Katherine, da. of Sir Laurence de Huntingfield (Blomefield, Norfolk, vol. viii, p. 267).
(■=) Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. II, file 21, no. 4. He held Ludborough, co. Lincoln,
3^ fees, Akenham and Whittingham, Suffolk, 2 fees, and Stinton, Norfolk, i fee, of
other lords than the King. He held no lands, ^c, of the King in chief, nor had
either of his parents.
{^) He is said to have m. Alianore, da. of Sir John Shelton, and to have had
2 daughters and coheirs, Mary, wife of Sir John Weyland, and Katherine, wife of Sir
John Howard (Blomefield, ibid.). As to these supposed daughters, John de Weyland,
of Blaxhall and Ash, Suffolk [d. 13 12), had a wife named Mary, who occurs as
such from 16 Edw. I to 2 Edw. II {Feet of Fines, case 215, file 40, no. 7; case 217,
file 50, no. 14). It appears from the earlier fine that she was da. of Richard de
Breuse (no. i in the text above), by Alice (la Russe). " Katherine, da. and coh. of
Sir John Brus," is said, in the pedigree of Howard, to have m. Sir John Howard, and
to have been grandmother of William, Chief Justice in 1297: but this pedigree is
well known to be spurious.
(«) Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. II, file 98, no. 4.
(*) Close Roll, 19 Edw. II, mm. 30, 10.
(6) " Katerina Breux." Writ 3 Apr. 3 Ric. II. Inq., Suffolk, Norfolk,
9, 12 Apr. 1380. "Et dicunt quod eadem Katerina professa fuit apud Derteford
ij die Februarii anno regni Regis nunc secundo." (Ch. Inq. p. m., Ric. II, file 8,
no. 14). She was found h. to her cousin, John de Norwich, in 1374. See "Norwich."
C") Robert d'Ufford, Earl of Suffolk, in his will dated the Feast of SS. Peter and
Paul 1368, mentions his dear sister de Brewz and Sir John de Brewz his nephew.
40
3o6
BREWES
his wife were both living in May 1370. They were bur. in Wood-
bridge Priory.
6. Sir John de Brewes, of Stinton, Akenham, Ludborough,
lyc, s. and h., b. about I332.('') He was at the siege of Calais in
1346-47. Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk 1376-77. He m. Joan
[.'' AgnesJjC") da. and in her issue h. of Sir John de Shardelowe, of
Barton Mills and Cooling, Suffolk, by Margaret, his wife. He d. be-
tween 1394 and 1402. He was bur., with Agnes, his wife, in Woodbridge
Priory. (■=)
7. Sir Robert Brewes, of Stinton, Akenham, 6fc., s. and h. He m.
Ela, da. of Sir Miles Stapleton, of Bedale, co. York, and Ingham,
Norfolk, by Ela, da. of Sir Edmund d'Ufford, le cosyn. He d. in 1424.
Admon. 30 Sep. 1424 to his widow. Her will was dat. 16 Oct. 1456. ('')
They were bur. in Woodbridge Priory.
8. Sir Thomas Brewes, of Stinton, Akenham, &?c., s. and h.(')
Sheriffof Norfolk and Suffolk 1438-39 and 1442-43. Hew., istly, Joan
[Anne or Mary], da. of Sir John Calthorpe (s. and h. ap. of Sir William
Calthorpe, of Burnham Thorpe, Norfolk), by Anne, da. and h. of Sir
John Wythe, of Smallburgh in that co. He m., 2ndly, before 16 Oct.
1456, Elizabeth (sister and h. of Sir Gilbert Debenham), da. of Gilbert
[not Giles] Debenham, of Tattingston and Flixton, Suffolk. She
was living 17 July 1501. He d. 17 June 1482,0 and was bur., as
(^) In the Scrope and Grosvenor controversy he deposed, 16 June 1386, that he
was 54 years of age.
C") It appears from the Close Roll, 50 Edw. Ill, pars I, ot. 15 d, that on I Apr.
1376 John de Brewes chr. and Agnes his wife held the manor of Caxton, co.
Cambridge, in her right, she having m., istly, Richard, s. and h. ap. of John Freville,
of Little Shelford in that co., which Richard had d. s.p.
if) Weever, Funerall Monuments, p. 752.
(^) In this will she mentions Edmund Stapleton her br., Thomas Brews her s.
and Elizabeth his wife, and William s. of Thomas.
(*) "Johannes Shardelowe miles." Writ of diem cl. ext. 1 8 Sep. 1 1 Hen. VI.
Inq., Suffolk, Friday in the vigil of All Saints [31 Oct.] 1432. " Et dicunt quod
Johannes Shardelowe obiit die mercurii proximo ante festum Exaltacionis sancte
Crucis ultimo preterito et quod Thomas Brews est heres ejus propinquior videlicet
filius Roberti filii Johanne filie Johannis Shardelowe militis patris Roberti patris
predicti Johannis in dicto brevi nominati et est etatis viginti et sex annorum et
amplius." (Ch. /«y./>. w.. Hen. VI, file 57, no. 12: Exch. /«y. /i. w., I, file 152, no. 7).
(') "Thomas Brewes miles." Writ of diem cl. ext. 26 June 22 Edw. IV. Inq.,
Norfolk, Suffolk, 23, 25 Oct. 1482. " Et dicunt quod predictus Thomas Brewes
obiit decimoseptimo die Junii ultimo preterito Et quod predictus Willelmus Brewes
senior est filius et heres ipsius Thome Brewes propinquior et est etatis quadraginta
annorum et amplius." (Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. IV, file 85, no. 50).
BREWES 307
were both his wives, in Woodbridge Priory. His will was dat. 10 July
1479-
9. William Brewes, of Stinton, Akenham, &"€., s. and h., by ist
wife. He m. Elizabeth, da. of John Hopton, of Swillington, co. York,
and Blythburgh, Suffolk. She d. before him. He ^. 28 or 30 Oct.
i489,(^) and was i>ur. at Fressingfield, Suffolk. Brass.
He left 2 daughters and coheirs, (i) Thomasine, aged 30 and more,
wife of Sir Thomas Hansard. (2) Anne, aged 15 and more, wife of
Roger Towneshend, of Rainham, Norfolk (afterwards knt.), who <:/.
25 Nov. 1 55 1. She ^.25 July 1551, when her great-grandson, Roger
Towneshend, was found, on 23 Jan. 155 1/2, to be her h., and aged
7 years and 4 months. C")
BREUSE or BREWES(')
I. John de Breuse, of Glasbury, co. Brecon, ('^) was probably a yr.
s. of John de B., Lord of Bramber and Gower, by Margaret, da. of
Llewelyn ap lorwerth, Prince of North Wales. He was sum. cum
equis et armis from 12 Dec. (1276) 5 Edw. I. to 14 IVIar. (1282/3)
II Edw. I, and to attend the King at Shrewsbury', (^) 28 June (1283)
1 1 Edw. I, by writs directed Johanni de Brehuse or Breuse.(J) Nothing
further appears to be known about him.
(*) 30 Oct. 5 Hen. VII: otherwise, 20 May 5 Hen. VII, but wrongly (Ch.
Inq. p. m., II, vol. 6, nos. 6i, 67, vol. 10, no. 60: Exch. Inq. p. m., II, file 606,
no. 7, file 607, no. 14). 28 Oct. 1489 (Brass).
('') Ch. Inq. p. m.y II, vol. 96, no. 37, vol. 98, no. 70: Exch. Inq. p. m., II,
file 649, no. 16: Court of JFards, vol. 6, nos. 3, 120.
(') This article has been kindly contributed by G. W. Watson. V.G.
{^) He had disputes about this manor (on the borders of cos. Brecon and Radnor)
with Roger de Clifford in 1272, and with John Giffard of Brimpsfield and Maud his
wife (which Maud, on the above hypothesis, was his half-sister, being da. of Margaret
above-named, by her and husband, Walter de Clifford). John and Maud conceded
the manor to him and his heirs male in 1275, and Roger's claim was settled for
100 marks of silver. [Curia Regis, roll no. 205, mm. 5 d, 6 d, 15; Coram R(ge, Mich.
3-4 Edw. I, m. 41, Mich. 4-5 Edw. I, m. 17, Mich. 5-6 Edw. I, m. 8).
(') As to this supposed Pari., see Preface. V.G.
(') He must not be confused (as has hitherto been done) with John _fi!ius Roberti de
Briwes, who was twice sum. at the same time as himself. This John (who d.
before 27 Dec. 1284) was s. and h. of Robert de Briwes, Chief Justice de banco, of
Staple (Fitzpaine), Somerset, (Little) Rissington, co. Gloucester, etc. (who d. in
1276), s. and h. of John de Briwes, of Staple, who d. in 1229.
3o8 BREWES
BREWOSE, BREOUSE, or BREWES^)
BARONY BY i. Sir Thomas deBrewose or BreousEjC") of Manning-
WRIT. ford Bruce, Wilts, Tetbury, co. Gloucester, Werthorpe,(')
CO. York, Chesworth, Sedgwick, and Bidlington, Sussex,
I. 1348. Bookham and Bramley, Surrey, s. and h. of Sir Piers
DE Brewose,('') of Tetbury, by Agnes, his wife, b. 8 Sep.
1301. He sue. his father in 131 1/2. He was sum. for Military Service,
27 Mar. (1335) 9Edw. Ill and 12 Nov. (1342) i6Edw. Ill, to six Councils,
25 Feb. (1341/2) 16 Edw. Ill to 10 Oct. (1359) 22, Edw. Ill, and to Pari.,
20 Nov. (1348) 22 Edw. Ill, by writs directed Thome de Breus, Brewes, or
Brewosa, by which last named writ he is held to have become LORD
BREWOSE, but none of his descendants were ever sum. to Pari. Hew.,
before 13 Sep. I337,('') Beatrice, widow of Edward (s. and h. ap. of Thomas
(of Brotherton), Earl of Norfolk), da. of Roger (de Mortimer), Earl
OF March, by Joan, da. and coh., eventually h., of Piers de Joinville, of
Ludlow, Salop. He ^. 9 or 16 June 1361.0 His widowd'. 16 Oct. i383.(s)
2. Sir John de Brewose or Breouse, of Tetbury and Werthorpe
afsd., s. and h., aged 22 and more at his father's death. He m. (cont.
(*) The re-writing of this article has been kindly undertaken by G. W. Watson.
V.G.
C^) His arms were, Or, crusilly, a lion rampant, tail forked, Sable.
("=) Werthorpe, Wyrthorpe, or Winterthorpe, held of the Lords Ros of
Helmsley. It has now disappeared.
{^) This Piers sue. his elder br. Richard in 1295 (writ of diem cl. ext. i Jan.
1295/6), being then aged 23, and had livery of his brother's lands 17 Mar. 1295/6
[Fine Roll, 24 Edw. I, mm. 18, 14; Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. I, file 75, no. 7). They
were the two elder sons (the yst. being William) of William de Breuse, Lord of
Bramber and Gower, by his 3rd wife, Mary (de Ros). See p. 302 above. Piers d. in
131 1/2 (writ 7 Feb.), leaving Thomas his s. and h., aged 10 on the Nativity of the
Virgin last past (Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. II, file 24, no. 20), as in the text.
(=) Close Roll, II Edw. Ill, pars 2, m. 27d.
(*) "Thomas de Brewosa chivaler." Writs of diem cl. ext. 25 June 35 Edw. III.
Inq., Wilts, 7 July 1361. "Et dicunt quod idem Thomas obiit die mercurii proximo
post festum sancti Barnabe Apostoli ultimo preterite [16 June] Et quod Johannes
de Brewosa chivaler filius predicti Thome etatis xxij annorum et amplius est ejus
heres propinquior." Inq., Surrey, Sussex, Saturday before St. Margaret [17 July],
14 July, 20 Sep. 1361. "predictus Thomas obiit ix° die Junii proximo preterito";
h. as before. (Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. Ill, file 157, no. 39).
(8) "Beatrix que fuit uxor Thome de Breouse chivaler." Writs oi diem cl. ext.
18 and 22 Oct. 7 Ric. II. Inq., cos. Sussex, Gloucester, York, Surrey, Wilts,
23 Oct. to 10 Nov. 1383. "Et dicunt quod predicta Beatrix obiit die veneris
proximo ante [post — co. Torki festum sancti Luce Evangeliste ultimo preteritum
Et dicunt quod Thomas Breouse chivaler est filius et heres ejusdem Beatricis propin-
quior et est etatis xxiiij" annorum et amplius." (Ch. Inq. p. m., Ric. II, file 30, no. 15:
Exch. Inq. p. m.. Enrolments, no. 216).
BREWES 309
15 Jan. 1360/1, to be married before the quinzaine of St. Hilary iiext),(^)
Elizabeth, da. of Sir Edward Mountagu [Lord Mountagu], by his 2nd
wife, whose name is unknown. She d.^ when yet a child, before 29 Nov.
i36i.(^) He ^.i./., 3 Feb. 1366/7.0
3. Sir Thomas de Brewose or Breouse, of Manningford, Tetbury,
Werthorpe, Chesworth, Sedgwick, Bidlington, Bookham, and Bramley,
afsd.,('') next br. and h., aged 15 at his brother's death. Having done
homage, he had livery of his inheritance, 26 Nov. 1383.O He m.
Margaret. He d. 1 Sep. I395,Q and was bur. at Horsham, Sussex.
(^) Deed enrolled on Cloie Roll, 34 Edw. Ill, m. 3d. By this deed the manors
of Tetbury and Werthorpe, and Ember, co. Surrey, were granted to them by his
parents, in tail male. Cf. Patent Roll, 35 Edw. Ill, pars I, m. 24.
C") The children of Sir Edward Mountagu by his only known wife, Alice,
da. and coh. of Thomas of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk, were (i) Joan, (2) Margaret,
who d. v.p. and s.p., and (3) Maud, a nun [Close Roll, 37 Edw. Ill, m. 41). Accord-
ingly, after his death on 14 July 1361, it was found by inquisitions that the h.
of himself and Alice was the afsd. Joan, aged 12 at the Purification [2 Feb.]
1360/1, and wife of William d'UfFord : but that his own h. was his s. Edward,
aged 7 weeks. This Edward d. Monday after St. Michael [4 Oct.] 1361, when
Etheldreda his sister was found (on Monday before St. Andrew, 29 Nov.) to be his h.
and aged 2 years and more. (Ch. Inq. p. m. — on each Edward — Edw. Ill, file 162,
no. 7). Hence the conclusions in the text. It is stated, 5 May 1367, that John de
Breouse and Elizabeth his wife were dead s.p.nt. [Close Roll, 41 Edw. Ill, m. 22).
if) "Johannes de Breouse chivaler." Writs oi diem cl. ext. 24 Apr. 41 Edw. III.
Inq., CO. Gloucester, 16 May 1367. " Et dicunt quod predictus Johannes de
Breouse obiit tercio die Februarii ultimo preterito Et quod Thomas de Breouse
frater predicti Johannis est heres ejus propinquior et etatis quindecim annorum."
Inq., CO. York, Friday before St. Peter ad vinculo [30 July] 1367. He d. s.p.; date
of death as before: no h. named. (Ch. Inq. p. m., Edw. Ill, file 192, no. 4: Exch.
Inq. p. m., I, file 27, no. 2).
{^) All these manors had been settled on his parents for life, and his mother
had livery thereof, save of Tetbury and Werthorpe, 20 Sep. 1361 {Close Roll,
35 Edw. Ill, m. 15). Consequently he did not obtain them till her death.
(^) Close Roll, 7 Ric. II, m. 23.
(') "Thomas de Brewose chivaler." Writs of diem cl. ext. 26 Sep., 10 Oct.
19 Ric. II. Inq., COS. Sussex, Surrey, York, Gloucester, Wilts, 27 Oct. to 6 Nov.
1395. "Et dicunt quod idem Thomas obiit secundo die Septembris ultimo preterito
Et dicunt quod Thomas filius predicti Thome de Brewose adtunc superstes fuit heres
ejusdem Thome de Brewose propinquior et etatis septem dierum qui quidem Thomas
filius Thome sic infra etatem existens obiit septimo die Octobris tunc proximo
sequent! Et dicunt quod Johanna soror ejusdem Thome filii Thome adtunc
superstes etatis duorum annorum et dimidii fuit heres ejusdem Thome filii Thome
propinquior Et dicunt quod eadem Johanna sic infra etatem existens obiit decimo
die Octobris proximo preterito Et dicunt quod Elizabetha uxor Willelmi Heron
militis filia Beatricis sororis predicti Thome de Brewose etatis viginti sex annorum
et amplius est consanguinea et heres tam ejusdem Thome de Brewose patris quam
prefate Johanne propinquior." Inq., on the said Thomas the son (writs 1 2 Nov.),
3IO BREWES
His widow m., 2nd]y (royal licence 6 Jan. 1 395/6), (*) as 2nd wife,
Sir William Burcestre. She w., 3rdly, after 22 Feb. i409/io,(^) as 3rd
wife. Sir John Berkeley, of Beverstone, co. Gloucester. He, who was
i. at Wotton-under-Edge 21 and bap. 23 Jan. 135 1/2, C") d. 5 Mar.
1427/8, aged 76.(') She ^. 12 or 20 Aug. i444.('^)
4. Thomas de Brewose, only s. and h., i>. 26 Aug. 1395, d. 7 Oct.
following.
5. Joan de Brewose, sister and h., J. 10 Oct. 1395, aged 2-J- years.
Her h. was her cousin, Elizabeth, da. and h. of William de Say,
Lord Say, by Beatrice, the only da. of Thomas, Lord Brewose, who left
issue. She ;«., istly. Sir John de Falvesley, and 2ndly, as ist wife. Sir
William Heron, each of whom was sum. to Parl.,_;«r^ uxoris.(') She ^. s.p.,
8 July 1399, when any hereditary Barony, that maybe supposed to have
been created by the writ of 1348, became extinct.
BRIAN, see BRYAN
same cos., 14 to 16 Nov., and on the said Joan (writs 19 Nov.), same cos., 23 to
27 Nov. 1395. Same findings. (Ch. Inq. p. m., Ric. II, file 86, no. 7: Exch.
Inq. p. OT., I, file 65, no. 16).
(") Patent Rolls, 19 Ric. II, pars 2, ot. 14; n Hen. IV, pars I, m. 3.
C") Smyth, Berkeleys, vol. i, p. 349, ex vet. rot. in castro de Berkeley.
{^) "Johannes de JSerkele cliivaler." Writs oi diem cl. ext. 10 Mar. 6 Hen. VI.
Inq., cos. Devon, Gloucester, Somerset, Hants, Worcester, Wilts, Dorset, 1 9 Apr. to
27 May 1428. "Johannes de Berkele obiit quinto die Marcii ultimo preterito."
(Ch. Inq. p. m.. Hen. VI, file 35, no. 50: Exch. Inq. p. m., I, file 139, no. 13).
{^) " Margareta que fuit uxor Johannis Berkelegh militis." Writs of diem cl.
ext. 6 Sep., 8 Oct. 23 Hen. VI. Inq., co. Gloucester, Thursday before All Saints
[29 Oct.] 1444. "Qui dicunt super sacramentum suum quod Margareta Berkeley
defuncta in dicto brevi nominata quondam tenuit in dotem suam manerium de
Tettebury in dicto comitatu Gloucestrie ex dotacione Thome Brewys chivaler nuper
primi mariti sui . . . Et quod dicta Margareta obiit die mercurii proximo ante festum
Assumpcionis beate Marie virginis ultimo preterite [12 Aug.] Et quod Johannes
Byrccstre chivaler est filius et heres ejus propinquior et est etatis viginti et quatuor
annorum et amplius." Inq., Somerset, 4 Nov. 1444. "Et dicunt quod dicta Marga-
reta obiit xx° die Augusti anno regni Regis Henrici sexti post conquestum Anglie
xxij° Et quod Johannes Bursetre miles est filius et heres predicte Margarete
propinquior Et est etatis xl annorum et amplius." (Ch. Inq. p. m., Hen. VI,
file 119, no. 24: Exch. Inq. p. m., I, file 179, no. 3).
{') See " Falvesley," " Heron," and " Say."
BRIDGWATER 311
BRIDGWATERC) or BRIDGEWATER
EARLDOM. I. Henry Daubeney, s. and h. of Giles, Lord Dau-
BENEY, by Elizabeth, da. of Sir John Arundel, of Lan-
I, 1538 heme, was b. Dec. 1493; ^^'^- ^^^ father 22 May 1508;
to K.B. 23 June 1509; served in the English army in France,
1548. 1513- Had livery of his father's lands 19 Dec. 15 14.
On 19 July 1538, under the style of Henry Davsheney,
Knight, Lord Bawbeney, he was cr. EARL OF BRIDGWATER.('') He
;»., istly, before 16 July 15 17, Elizabeth, da. of George (Nevill), Lord
Abergavenny, only child by his ist wife, Joan, da. of Thomas (Fitz Alan),
Earl of Arundel. He m., 2ndly, Katharine, widow of Rhys ap Griffith, ("=)
da. of Thomas (Howard), ist Dure of Norfolk, by his 2nd wife, Agnes,
da. of Sir Philip Tylney, of Boston, co. Lincoln. He d. s.p., 1 2 Apr. 1 548,
aged 54, when this Earldom (and the Barony of Daubeney, cr. by patent
I486) became extinct. His widow was bur. 11 May 1554, in the Howard
Chapel at Lambeth, Surrey. Her will (unproved) is in the principal Court
of Probate.
IL 1617. I. John Egerton, 2nd, but ist surv. s. and h. male of
Thomas (Egerton), Viscount Brackley, iifc. (better
known as Lord Chancellor Ellesmere), by his ist wife, Elizabeth,
da. of Thomas Ravenscroft, inherited the greater part of his father's
estates.('^) M.P. for Callington 1597-98, and for Salop 1601. He (as
also his elder (^) br.) served under the Earl of Essex in Ireland, and was
there knighted, at Christ Church, 8 Apr. 1599; Baron of the Exchequer of
Chester, 1 599-1 605; K.B. 24 July 1603; M.A. Oxford, 30 Aug. i6o5;(') jkc.
his father in the Viscountcy 1 5 Mar. 1 6 1 6/7. He was cr. EARL OF BRIDG-
WATER, 27 May 1617 (within two months of the death of his father, to
whom such dignity is supposed to have been promised), with rem. to the
heirs male of his body thereafter begotten. P.C. 4 July 1626; Lord
President of Wales,(°) and Lord Lieut, of cos. Salop, Worcester, Here-
(*) This is the correct spelling, as the word does not mean the bridge over the
water, but the burg of Walter. V.G.
(•>) "Comes de Briggewater" in the patent. V.G.
(') According to the usual account it was Sir Rhys ap Thomas, K.G., who m. the
da. of the Duke of Norfolk. But from Dwnn's Visitations, vol. i, pp. 210-1, and
Meyrick's notes thereon (in the ped. of Rvs of Dynevor, co. Carmarthen), it appears
that it was Rhys ap Griffith, grandson of the former, {ex inform. G. W. Watson). V.G.
{^) He sold the estate of Doddleston, Cheshire (purchased by his father in 1582),
where his parents were buried.
(^) See ante, p. 272, note " d."
(') See note sub William, Baron Howard of Effingham [1603].
(s) It was on the occasion of his proceeding to Ludlow Castle, his official residence,
that his da., Lady Alice Egerton, was benighted in the forest, an incident which gave
rise to Milton's Comus.
312 BRIDGWATER
ford, and Monmouth, and of North and South Wales, all 1631-42. He w.,
about 1 60 1, and before 24 Mar. 1602/3, Frances (da. of his step mother,
being), 2nd of the 3 daughters and coheirs of Ferdinando (Stanley), Earl
OF Derby, by Alice, da. of Sir John Spencer, afterwards 3rd wife of
Thomas, Viscount Brackley abovenamed. She, who was b. May 1583,
d. II Mar. 1635/6, aged 52, and was bur. at Little Gaddesden, Herts.(')
M.I. He d. 4 Dec. 1649, aged 70, and was bur. there. M.I.(^) Admon.
30 Apr. 1650.
[James EGERTON,j/>7i?a' Viscount Brackley, ists. andh. ap.,^. 21 Sep.,
and bap. 2 Oct. 1616, the King, James I, being godfather. He d. an infant,
and v.p., at the Barbican, and was bur. 31 Dec. 1620, at St. Giles's,
Cripplegate, aged 4.]
[Charles Egerton, styled Yncovtir Brackley, 2nd, but ist surv. s.
and h.ap.,^'. an infant, and v.p.^ at the Barbican, and was bur. 19 Apr. 1623,
at St. Giles's, Cripplegate.]
III. 1649. 2* John (Egerton), Earl of Bridgwater, ^c, 3rd,
but 1st surv. s. and h.; ^. June 1623; Lord Lieut, of Bucks
1660 till his death; High Steward of the Univ. of Oxford 1663-86; cr. M.A.
24 May 1663; P.C. 13 Feb. 1666/7; Lord Lieut, of cos. Chester and
Lancaster 1670-76, and of Herts 1681 till his death. He was a Whig.
He w., 22 July 1641, at St. James's, Clerkenwell, in his 19th year
(lie. from Bp. of London, 21 July 1641), Elizabeth, 2nd da. of William
(Cavendish), ist Duke of Newcastle, by his ist wife, Elizabeth, da. and
h. of William Bassett, of Blore, co. Stafford. She d. 14 June 1663, in her
37th year, in childbed, at Black Rod's house, Westm. (where she had gone
to visit her husband, then in custody there), and was bur. at Little
Gaddesden. M.I. Admon. 27 Apr. 1677. Fun. certif at Coll. of Arms.
He d. at his house in the Barbican, Midx., 26 Oct., and was bur. 4 Nov.
1686, at Little Gaddesden, aged 63 years, 4 months and 28 days. M.I.
Fun. certif at Coll. of Arms, viz., Egerton with 24 quarterings, impaling
Cavendish, with 15 quarterings. Will pr. May i687.('=)
(^) The old college of the Bon/wmmes (Augustine Monks), at Ashridge in Little
Gaddesden, Herts (afterwards the chief residence of the family), was purchased, in
1604, by Lord Chancellor Ellesmere. It was pulled down in 1800 by the Duke of
Bridgwater, the present mansion being erected by the Earl, his successor.
(*") Whereon it is stated that " his deportment was graceful."
('^) Chauncy, in his History of Herts, S2iyshe was "of a sweet and pleasant counte-
nance and comely presence," which corresponds with Milton's description of his and
his family's looks: —
"Their port was more than human as they stood, &c."
See Collins, vol. iii, p. 197.
BRIDGWATER 313
IV. 1686. 3. John (Egerton), Earl of Bridgwater, fe'c, s.
and h., b. 9 Nov. 1646; K.B. as Lord Brackley, at the
coronation, 23 Apr.i66i; M.P. (Whig) for Bucks 1685-86; Lord Lieut,
of Bucks 1 686-87, (') and again, 1689 till his death; P.C. 7 May 1691;
First Lord of Trade 1695-99; Speaker of the House of Lords 1697 and
1700; one of the Lords Justices of the Realm 1699 and i70o(''); First
Lord of the Admiralty, 1699 till his death. He w., istly, 17 Nov. 1664,
in the Chapel of Bridgwater House, Barbican, Elizabeth, da. and h. of James
(Cranfield), 2nd Earl of Middlesex, by Anne, da. and coh. of Edward
(Bourchier), Earl of Bath. She d. 3 Mar. 1 669/70, in childbed, aged 22,
and was bur. at Little Gaddesden.('') He »;., 2ndly, 2 Apr. 1673, '^^ Charter
House Chapel, Midx., Jane, ist da. of Charles (Powlett), ist Duke of
Bolton, by his 2nd wife, Mary, illegit. da. of Emanuel (le Scrope), Earl
of Sunderland. He ^. at St. James's, 19, and was ^«r. 31 Mar. 1 700/1, at
Little Gaddesden, in his 55th year.('^) M.L Will dat. 10 May 1687 to
4 Mar. 1700/1, pr. Apr. 1701. His widow d. 23, and was bur. 31 May
1716, at Little Gaddesden, in her 6 ist year. M.L W^ill pr. June 17 16.
[Charles Egerton, j/y/i?^ Viscount Brack.ley, 2nd, but ist surv. s. and
h. ap., being ist s. by 2nd wife, b. at the Barbican, 7, and bap. 9 May
1675, at St. Giles's, Cripplegate. He d. an infant and 'v.p.,(^) 1 1, and was
bur. 14 Apr. 1687, at Little Gaddesden, aged 11.]
V. 1701. I. Scroop (Egerton), Earl of Bridgwater, &c.,
4th, but ist surv. s. and h., being 3rd s. by 2nd wife, b. 1 1,
DUKEDOM, and bap. 14 Aug. 1 681, at St. Giles's, Cripplegate; Lord
T Lieut, of Bucks 1702-11, and again 1714-28; Gent, of
' ' the Bedchamber to George, Prince of Denmark, 1703-05,
and his Master of the Horse 1705-08; Lord Chamberlain
to the Princess of Wales 17 14-17; Lord of the Bedchamber to the King
1719-27. On 18 June 1720 he, being a W^hig, was cr. MARQUESS OF
BRACKLEY, co. Northampton, and DUKE OF BRIDGWATER, co.
Somerset. He ?»., istly, 9 Feb. 1703, Elizabeth, 3rd da. and coh. of John
(Churchill), the celebrated Duke of Marlborough, by Sarah, da. and
coh. of Richard Jennings. She d. of small pox, 22, and was bur. 29 Mar.
17 14, aged 26, at Little Gaddesden. M.I. He m., 2ndly, 4 Aug. 1722,
(^) From which he was dismissed by James II. See Appendix G in this volume.
C") For a list of Lords Justices, Regents of the Realm, see note sub William,
Duke of Devonshire [1707].
("=) Her only child, John Egerton, was b. 10, and bap. 12 Jan. 1668/9, ^^
St. Giles's, Cripplegate, and d. an infant, 31 Mar. 1670.
{^) Macaulay describes him as a nobleman of very fair character, and of some
experience in business. V.G.
(^) He was burnt to death with his next yr. br., Thomas [h. 15 Aug. 1679), in
the fire which destroyed Bridgwater House, Barbican, the site of which, on the
east side of Aldersgate Str., was afterwards formed into Bridgwater Square.
41
314
BRIDGWATER
Rachael, da. of Wriothesley (Russell), 2nd Duke of Bedford, by
Elizabeth, only da. and h. of John Rowland, of Streatham. He d. i ijan.
1744/5, aged 63. Will pr. 1745. His widow w., 14 Dec. 1745, at St.
James's, Westm., Sir Richard Lytteltox, K.B., who d. s.p., i Oct. i770.{^)
She d. his widow, 22, and was bur. 28 May 1777, at Little Gaddesden.
Will pr. 1777.
[John Egerton, ;/)'/^i3' Viscount Brackley, ist s. and h. ap. by ist wife,
b. 3 Feb. 1703/4, d. young and v.p., while at school at Eton, 30 Jan., and
was bur. 5 Feb. 17 18/9, aged 15, at Little Gaddesden. M.I.]
[Charles Egerton, 5/}'/<?d' Marquess of Brackley, 3rd, but istsurv. s.
and h.ap., being ist s. by 2nd wife, i^. 27 July 1725. He^. an infant, and
v.p., 2 May 1 73 1, of small pox, after inoculation, aged 5.]
DUKEDOM.
11.
EARLDOM.
VL
ri745-
2. John (Egerton), Duke of Bridgwater,
iSifc., 4th, but 1st surv. s. and h., being 2nd s. by
the 2nd wife, b. 29 Apr. 1727. He d. unm. and a
minor, of fever, 26 Feb., and was bur. 4 Mar.
i-j^-j/S, at Little Gaddesden, aged 20. Admon.
Mar. 1748 to his mother.
DUKEDOxM.
III.
3. Francis (Egerton), Duke of Bridgwater,
icfc., yst. and only surv. br. and h. He was b.
21 May 1736. He d. unm., of influenza, at his
house in Cleveland Row, St. James's, 8, and was
bur. 16 Mar. 1803, in his 67th year, at Little
Gaddesden.(^) M.I.(^) Will dat. 28 Jan. 1803,
pr. i8o3.('') At his death the Dukedom of
Bridgwater, and the Marquessate of Brackley became extinct, the Earldom
devolving: as under.
EARLDOM
VIL
1748
to
1803.
(^) "You will be happy too in Sir Richard Lyttleton and his Duchess; they are
the best humoured people in the world." (Horace Walpole to Sir Horace Mann,
14 May 1761). V.G.
C") As for his politics, he supported the Court, protested against the repeal of the
Stamp Act, voted with Pitt aaainst Fox's India Bill ot 1783, and for the Regency
Bill. V.G.
(■=) On his monument is this line, "Impulit ille rates ubi duxit aratra colonus."
('^) He is justly called the founder of inland navigation in this country, as through
his enterprise, assisted by James Brindley (^/. at Turnhurst, co. Stafford, 27 Sep. 1 772,
aged 56) as engineer, the first canal was opened in 1761, which was rapidly followed
by many others. The profits therefrom were enormous, his return to the income
tax being ;ri 10,000 a year. He left the estate of Brackley, Northants, that of
Worsley, co. Lancaster (together with the canal property, worth some ^75,000
a year), "Bridgwater House," in Cleveland Row, St. James's, his pictures (valued
at ^Ti 50,000, and afterwards called "The Stafford Gallery"), his plate, ir'c, to his
nephew, Lord Gower (a few months afterwards Marquess of Stafford and subse-
quently [1833] cr. Duke of Sutherland), with rem. to his said nephew's 2nd s.,
BRIDGWATER 315
EARLDOM. 7. John William (Egerton), Earl of Bridg-
water, fePc, cousin and h. male, being 2nd hut ist surv.
VIII. 1803. s. and h. of John Egerton, Bishop of Durham, by his
1st wife, Anne Sophia, da. and coh. of Henry (Grey),
Dlke of Kent, which John was ist s. of Henry Egerton, Bishop of
Hereford, by Elizabeth Ariana, da. of William (Bentinck), Earl of
Portland, which Henry was 6th s. of John, 3rd Earl of Bridgwater,
and yst. br. of Scroop, the ist Duke. He was b. 14 Apr., and bap. 8 May
1753, at St. Geo., Han. Sq. ; entered the army 1771; Capt. 1776; Major
1779; Lieut. Col. 7th Light Dragoons 1790; Col. 1793; Major Gen. 1795;
Col. of the 14th Light Dragoons 1797 till his death; Lieut. Gen. 1802;
Gen. in the Army 1812. He was M.P. (Tor\-) for Morpeth 1777-80; and
for Brackley 1 780-1 803. F.R.S. 28 Jan. 1808; F.S.A. 4 Feb. 1808. He
;«., 14 Jan. 1783, by spec. lie. at her father's house, 58 Welbeck Str., Maryle-
bone, Charlotte Catherine Anne, onlv da. and h. of Samuel Hayxes, by
Elizabeth ( — ). He d. s.p., at Ashridge Park (the mansion whereof he had
rebuilt), 21, and was bur. 30 Oct. 1823, at Little Gaddesden. M.I. Under
his will, dat. 31 Mar. 1823, his estates in Midx., Herts, Bucks, Beds,
Northants, Oxon, Salop, Cheshire, Flintshire, Yorkshire, Durham, and
elsewhere, devolved, after the death of his widow and his br., on his great-
nephew, John Home-Cust (formerly Hume-Cust, and subsequently Eger-
ton), styled Viscount Alford, for life and his issue in tail male, subject how-
ever to certain conditions (") which were set aside as illegal. His widow,
Frances Leveson Gower, fr., in 1846, Viscount Brackley and Earl of Ellesmere.
The rest of the family estates, viz. those in Herts and Bucks (including Ashridge
Park), those in Salop (including Ellesmere) and in Yorkshire, he devised to his cousin
and h. male, viz. his successor in the Earldom of Bridgwater. In 1775 he appears
"the D..e of B r and Miss L..gl.y" [Miss Langley], in the
notorious tete-h-tke portraits in Town and Country ^'^ag., for an account of which
see Appendix B in the last vol. of this work. G.E.C.
He was engaged to the beautiful Elizabeth Gunning after the death of her ist
husband, the Duke of Hamilton, but the match was broken off owing to his insisting
on her discarding the society of her sister, Lady Coventry. The task of connecting
Manchester by canal with Liverpool and the sea taxed his resources to the utmost,
and he was compelled to live for a time on ^^500 />.(?., and had the greatest difficulty
in paying the workmen. His canal was bought by the Manchester Ship Canal
Company, about 1890, for ^Tl, 7x0,000. "He smoked gready, and was an inveterate
snuff taker, while his dress was careless in the extreme. Resembling George III in
features, he was clothed after the fashion of Dr. Johnson. Regardless of his own
comfort, he was a good employer and a generous subscriber to benevolent work."
After the failure of his love affair, he became " a typical mysogynist, and would have
no woman servant." V.G.
(^) These were that if " Lord Viscount Alford shall die without having acquired
the title and dignity of Duie or Marquh of Bridgeiuater to him and the heirs male of
his body " (unless such title had been obtained by Earl Brownlow [the Viscount's
father] or by testator's brother with a spec. rem. to Earl Brownlow and the heirs male
of that Earl's body by his first wife) then in such case the estate limited to the heirs
male of the said Viscount's body should be void and the next rem. take effect. Lord
3i6 BRIDGWATER
who was b. 20 Nov. 1763, d. at Ashridge Park, 1 1, and was bur. 22 Feb.
1849, ^gcd 85. Will dat. 24 Dec. 1846, pr. 17 May 1849.
IX. 1823 8. Francis Henry (Egerton), Earl of Bridg-
to WATER [16 1 7], Viscount Brackley [16 16] and Baron
1829. Ellesmere [1603], only surv. br. and h., b. 1 1 Nov., and
bap. 14 Dec. 1756, at St. Geo., Han. Sq. ; ed. at Eton;
matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 27 Mar. 1773, aged 16; B.A. 1776; Fellow of
All Souls and M. A. 1780; Preb. of Durham 1780; Rector of Middle, Salop,
1 78 1, and of Whitchurch, in that co., 1797; F.R.S. 8 Nov. 1781; F.S.A.
31 Mar. 1 79 1. He, who was well known for his eccentricity,(^) d. unm.,
at his residence. Hotel de Noailles, Rue St. Honore, Paris, 1 1 Feb., and
was bur. 4 Mar. 1829, at Little Gaddesden, aged 72. At his death all his
Peerage dignities became extinct. Will dat. 25 Feb. 1825, pr. Apr. 1829.
BRIDPORT, BRIDPORT OF CRICKET ST.
THOMAS, AND BRIDPORT OF CRICKET
ST. THOMAS AND OF BRONTE
BARONY [I.] I. Alexander Hood, yr. br. of Samuel, Viscount
I. 1794. Hood (the celebrated Admiral), being 2nd and yst s. of
the Rev. Samuel H., Vicar of Butleigh, Somerset, by Mary,
BARONY. '^^- °^ Richard Hoskins, of Beaminster, Dorset, was b.
J ^ 2 Dec. 1 726, and, entering the Royal Navy, became Lieut.
y 1746; Commander and Post Capt. 1756; Treasurer of
„ Greenwich Hospital, 1766-99; Rear Adm. 1780; Vice
^' Adm. 1787; Rear Adm. of Great Britain, 1790-96; Adm.
Alford came into possession of the estates in 1849 ^^ ^'f'^ tenant, and d. 3 Jan. 1851,
not having acquired either of the titles indicated. The question of the succession of
his s. and h. to these vast estates (valued at ^^70,000 a year) in these circumstances
was decided against him 20 Aug. 1851 by the Vice Chancellor, Lord Cranworth, in
the case of " Egerton v. Brownlow," subject to the possibility of his becoming so
entitled, if Earl Brownlow (who still survived) should be cr. Marquis or Duke in the
manner abovenamed. This opinion was shared by most of the Common Law Judges,
viz. Justices Crompton, Creswell, Talfourd, Coleridge, Wightman, and Erie, by
Barons Aldersonand Parke, and (save as to the possibility of the revival of the appellant's
title) by Justice Williams. On the other hand, Ch. Baron Pollock and Baron Piatt
held that the conditions were void and that the appellant took an indefeasible estate in
tail male. This decree of the Vice Chancellor was (somewhat unexpectedly) reversed
by the House of Lords, 19 Aug. 1853, a vast majority of the Law Lords, vix. Lords
Lyndhurst, Brougham, Truro, and St. Leonards, being for the appellant, while Lord
Cranworth (then Lord Chancellor) alone supported (his own) the opposite view. The
appellant consequently (who the next month sue. his grandfather as Earl Brownlow)
became entitled to the Bridgwater estates. See account of these trials in Annual Reg.,
1851, pp. 388-392, and 1853, pp. 296-308.
{^) His house, according to a record kept by the police in Paris, was full of cats
and dogs, who were dressed as ladies and gendemen, and taken out in his carriage and
fed at his table. He was however a good scholar and a great lover and patron of litera-
BRIDPORT 317
VISCOUNTCY. of the Blue, 1794; of the White, 1795; Vice Admiral
I. 1800 OF Great Britain 1796, and of U.K. 1 801 till his death;
to Com. in chief of the Channel Fleet, 1797-1800; Lieut.
1814. ^^"' 1799-1800, and Gen. of Marines, 1800-14; ^^'^
Adm. of the Red, 1805. He was M.P. (Tory) for
Bridgwater, 1784-90, and for Buckingham, 1790-96. In
1757 he captured two French ships of war in Hyeres Bay; in 1781 he recap-
tured, with great bravery, an English man of war, called T/ie Warwick; in
1782 he distinguished himself, as Rear Adm., at the relief of Gibraltar under
Lord Howe. K.B. 7 May 1788. He was second in command, on board
T/ie Royal George, zt the famous victory of Lord Howe, i June 1794. By
patent, 14 Nov. 1794, he was a: BARON BRIDPORT [I.], with a spec.
rem., failing heirs male of his body, to Samuel Hood, 2nd s. of [his
nephew] Henr)' Hood, of Catherington, Hants, rem. to the heirs male
of the body of [his uncle] Alexander Hood, late of Mosterton, Dorset,
deed. ,(*) both in like manner. On 23 June 1795, he, with a force superior
in all respects, gained a partial victor)- (*■) over the French fleet (twelve ships
of the line and two frigates) off Port L'Orient. He was, on 13 June 1796,
cr. BARON BRIDPORT OF CRICKET ST. THOMAS, co. Somerset,
and, on 1 6 June 1 800,^ was cr. VISCOUNT BRIDPORT OF CRICKET
ST. THOMAS. He »;., istly, 176 1, Mary (with whom he is said to
have had a large fortune),('^) da. of Richard West, D.D., Prebendary
ture. He bequeathed ^^8,000 for the best work on the Goodness of God as manifested
in the Creation. This was divided among eight different persons, authors of eight dif-
ferent treatises {e.g. Sir Charles Bell on the Hand, Dr. Buckland on Geologv, i?c.),
called the Bridgnvater Treatises. His valuable MSS. he bequeathed to the British
Museum, with a sum of ;{^i 2,000, of which the interest was partly for the Custodian
and partly for the augmentation, is'c. thereof. These are called " The Egerton
MSS." and relate chiefly to French and Italian literature.
(f) These were the two surv. sons of Samuel Hood, of Kingsland, Dorset, the only
s. that had issue of the said Alexander, viz.: (i) Alexander, Capt. R.N., who d.
21 Apr. 1796, leaving an only son Alexander Hood, who, in 1815, sue. his uncle, Sir
Samuel Hood, Bart., as 2nd Baronet; (2) Samuel Hood, Vice Admiral, who in 1809
was cr. a Baronet, with a spec. rem. to his nephew Alexander Hood abovenamed, and
who d. 24 Dec. 1S14.
C") This victory, though made much of in England at the time, reflects little
credit on Bridport, and proves him, though personally brave, to have been but a
timorous tactician. It is not too much to say that any of his great contemporaries,
Jervis, Duncan, or his own brother Samuel (Lord Hood), would in like case
have wiped out the weaker, smaller, and worse disciplined fleet under Villaret.
In person he was of middle size and well looking; in disposition he is said to have
been penurious. " One of the naval family of Hood, but whose career does not bear
the impress of great ability which distinguished so many of its members." (Mahan,
Influence of Sea Poiuer). V.G.
if) Doyle and Diet. Nat. Biog. both wrongly give the date as 1 80 1. V.G.
C^) The Diet. Nat. Biog. points out that he was on active service during all
1 76 1 till Apr. 1763, so that "shortly after Apr. 1763 " is a more likely date for his
first marriage. V.G.
3i8
BRIDPORT
of Winchester, by Mary, sister of Richard, Viscount Cobham, and da.
of Sir Richard Temple, Bart. She d. 12 Sep. I786.(') He ?«., 2ndly,
26 June 1788, at St. Marylebone, Mary Sophia, only surv. da. and h. of
Thomas Bray, of Edmonton, Midx., by his 3rd wife, Elizabeth, da. and
coh. of John Sadlier. He d. s.p., 3 May 18 14, at Bath, aged 87, when his
Barony and Viscountcy [G.B.] became extinct, but his Irish Barony de-
volved as under. Will pr. 18 14. His widow ^. 18 Feb. 1831, at Cricket
St. Thomas, aged 85. Will pr. Dec. 1831.
BARONY [I.] 2. Samuel (Hood), Baron Bridport [I.], great
nephew, and, under the spec. rem. in the creation of that
II. 1 8 14. Peerage, heir. He was 2nd s. of Henry, 2nd Viscount
Hood of Whitley, by Jane, da. and h. of Francis
Wheler, of Whitley afsd., which Henry was s. and h. of Samuel, the ist
Viscount Hood, who was elder br. to Alexander, Baron Bridport above-
named. He was b. 7 Dec. 1788; ed. at Trin. Coll. Cambridge; M.A.
1809; M.P. (Tory) for Heytesbury, 18 12-18. He w., 3 July 18 10,
Charlotte Mary, sua jure Duchess of Bronte in Sicily,^') being only da.
and h. of William (Nelson), ist Earl Nelson (Duke of Bronte in Sicily),
by his I St wife, Sarah, da. of the Rev. Henry Yonge. He^. 6 Jan. 1868, in
his 80th year, at Cricket St. Thomas, and was bur. there. Will pr. 3 Feb.
1868, under ^20,000. His widow, who was b. 20 Sep. 1787, sue. her
father in his Sicilian title 28 Feb. i835,('^) and d. 29 Jan. 1873, in her
86th year, at Cricket St. Thomas afsd., and was bur. there. Will pr.
22 May 1873, under ^1^,000.
III. 1868. 3 and I. Alexander Nelson (Hood), Baron
Bridport [I.], ist and only surv. s. and h., b. 23 Dec.
VISCOUNTCY. 1 8 14, at Marylebone. Joined the Scots Fusilier Foot
I. 1868. Guards, 1831; Capt. 1836; Lieut. Col. 1847; C°l- '"
the Army, 1854; Major Gen. 1862; Lieut. Gen. 1871;
General, 1877; a Groom in Waiting, 1841-58; Clerk Marshal to H.R.H.
the Prince Consort, 1853-61 ; Equerry to the Queen, 1858-84. On 6 July
1868 (six months after his succession to the Irish Peerage), he, being a
Conservative, was cr. VISCOUNT BRIDPORT OF CRICKET ST.
THOMAS, CO. Somerset, AND OF BRONTE in the Kingdom of Italy.
(f) The great Chatham is said to have been in love with her, and their union to
have been prevented by lack of means. V.G.
(^) For her succession as such da., according to the law of Sicily, see " Nelson v.
Bridport " in Beavans Chancery Reports, vol. viii, p. 547.
(^) The representation of the Nelson family and of the great Lord Nelson vested
in this lady and remains in her issue; though the limitation of the Barony of Nelson
(as also of the Earldom, cr. subsequently, with, naturally enough, a like rem.) carried
the Peerage dignity, in 1835, to Thomas Bolton, who did not represent the grantee
(being son of a sister), instead of to Lady Bridport (born Nelson), who (as da. and h.
of the only brother of the grantee who left issue) wai such representative.
BRIDPORT 319
On 29 Jan. 1873, he jz/it. his mother as Duke of Bronte in Sicily. Pres. of the
Royal Agric. Soc. 1875; a Lord in Waiting 1884-1901 ;(^) K.C.B. (civil)
22 July 1885; G.C.B. (civil) 23 Oct. 1891. He m., 2 Aug. 1838, at St.
Geo., Han. Sq., Mary Penelope, 2nd da. of Arthur Blundell Sandys Trumbull
(Hill), 3rd Marquess of Downshire [I.], by Maria, da. of Other Hick-
man (Windsor), 5th Earl of Plymouth. She, who was b. 3 Sep. 18 17,
d. 15 July 1884, at 12 Wimpole Str. He d. at the Royal Lodge, Windsor
Park, 4, and was bur. 10 June 1904, at Cricket St. Thomas, aged 89.
Will pr. over ^^3,000 gross and ;^2,ooo net-C')
[Arthur Wellington Alexander Nelson Hood, ist s. and h. ap., b.
15 Dec. 1839; Capt. Com. the 57th Foot 1857-70; M.P. (Conservative)
for West Somerset 1868-83; C.B. (Civil) 10 May 1892. He m., 4 Apr.
1872, Maria Georgina Julia, sister of Henry Edmund (Fox-Strangways),
5th Earl of Ilchester, only da. of the Hon. John George Charles Fox-
Strangways, by Amelia, 3rd da. of Edward Marjoribanks. Having sue.
to the Peerage after 22 Jan. 1901, he is, as such, outside the scope of this
work.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 3,103 acres in Somerset,
2,356 in Dorset, and 53 in Devon. Total, 5,512 acres, worth ;(^8,098 a
year. Principal Residence in 191 1: Castello di Maniace, Bront6, Sicily. (")
BRIDLINGTON, see BURLINGTON
BRIENE (see also under BRYAN)
i.e. "Briene," Viscountcy [S.] (TiTfrr), or. 1701 with the Marquessate
OF Lothian [S,], which see.
BRIMPSFIELD or BRYMESFELD
See " Giffard (of Brimpsfield)," sum. 12()^, forfeited 1322.
(^) He followed Viscount Torrington as the non-political Lord-in-Waiting to
Queen Victoria, not retiring with his colleagues on a change of Ministry. He held
this office till the Queen's death, being succeeded by Lord Suffield, whoheld it through-
out the reign of Edward VH. V.G.
O") In 1901 he was compelled (owing to the rascality of his solicitor, who had
robbed him on an enormous scale) to sell Cricket St. Thomas, near Chard, in
Somerset, and practically all his English estates, to F. J. Fry, the well-known
chocolate manufacturer. V.G.
f) The picturesque and fertile Sicilian property, with its large orange orchards,
high up the slopes of Etna, is (191 1) the only landed estate left to Lord Bridport. V.G.
320 BRISTOL
BRISTOL (City and County) (=>)
EARLDOM. I. John Digby, 4th and yst. s. of Sir George D., of
, , Colshill, CO. Warwick, by Abigail, da. of Sir Arthur
Heveningham, of Ketteringham, Norfolk, was b. Feb.
1586, and is said to have been ed. at Magd. Coll. Oxford,
of which Univ. he was cr. M.A., 30 Aug. i6o5.('') In 1605 he was Gent,
of the Privy Chamber, and soon afterwards Carver to the King. Knighted
at Whitehall 14 May i6o6.(') M.P. for Hedon, 1610-11. From Apr.
1 6 10 to early in 1614, from Sep. 16 14 to Mar. 16 16/7, and from Apr.
1 6 1 7 to Apr. 1 6 1 8, he was Ambassador to Spain. Gent, of the Bedchamber
to Charles, Prince of Wales; Vice Chamberlain of the Household, 1616-25;
P.C. 3 Apr. 1616 to Mar. 1625, resworn 19 Feb. 1640/1. On 25 Nov.
1 6 1 8 he was cr. BARON DIGBY OF SHERBORNE, co. Dorset, an estate
which had been granted to him by the King on his return from Spain, where
he had been treating for an alliance between the Prince of Wales and the
Infanta Maria. In Jan. 1619 he was on an embassy to Holland; in Jan. 1621
to Brussels, and in Nov. 1621 to Vienna. From Mar. 1622 to May 1624
he was again Ambassador to Spain, with instructions to conclude the treaty for
the said marriage. On 15 Sep. 1622, he was cr. EARL OF BRISTOL.(^)
On 6 Feb. 1626 he was committed to the Tower, having impeached the
Duke of Buckingham (then high in Court favour), and, though soon re-
leased, continued many years in retirement. He was one of the 16 popular
peers who treated with the Scots at Ripon, Sep. i640.(*) Gent, of the
Bedchamber 1642. In the civil war he sided first with the Pari, and
afterwards with the King, whom he attended at Edgehill and at Oxford.
On 14 Mar. 1648 [? 1648/9], the House of Commons resolved that he (with
several others, including his son) be proscribed and put to death. (*) He m.,
31 May 1609, at St. James's, Clerkenwell,(8) Beatrice, widow of Sir John
(^) This title was, in early times, used indiscriminately for that of Gloucester;
thus, William, Earl of Bristol [better known as Earl of Gloucester], is witness to a
charter to Shrewsbury Abbey, 29 Sep. 1155. See Salop Cartulary, No. 43, quoted
in Itinerary of Henry II, p. 12; so also "Comes Bryestowensis" occurs in the Con-
tinuator of " Florence of Worcester." {ex inform. J. Horace Round).
('') For a list of Peers cr. M.A. on this occasion, see note sub William, Baron
Howard of Effingham [1603].
(■=) In Shaw's Knights the date is given as 8 Mar. 1 605/6, the date in the text
being appended within brackets, with a note of interrogation. V.G.
{^) He is styled, in this patent of creation, " John Digby, Knight, Baron Digby of
Sherborne."
(") For a list of these see note sub Robert, Earl of Essex [1604].
(') Those included in this resolution were, the Duke of Buckingham, the Earl
of Bristol, the Earl of Newcastle, Sir William Widdrington [Lord Widdrington],
George, Lord Digby, and others. V.G.
(8) The entry there is " Sir John Digby Knt. and Dyane Betiredge [Dame
Beatrice ?]." V.G.
BRISTOL 321
Dive (or Dyves),(') of Bromham, Beds., da. of Charles Walcott, of
Walcott, Salop. He d. 21 Jan. 1652/3, at Paris, aged 66, and was bur. in
what had been a cabbage garden, but was then a Protestant churchyard. C")
Will dat. 3 Dec. 1651, at St. Germain-en-laye, pr. 30 July i66o.('') His
widow d. 12 Sep. 1658, and was bur. at Sherborne, aged 84. M.I.
II. 1653. 2. George (Digby), Earl of Bristol, Cffc.jS. and h.,
b. Oct. 1612, at Madrid. He ent., 1626, atMagd. Coll.
Oxford, of which Univ. he was cr. M.A. 31 Aug. i636.('^) M.P. for
Dorset, 1640-41. In Nov. 1640 he was one of the Managers for the im-
peachment of the Earl of Strafford, but having recognised the injustice of
the charges made against him, voted (21 Apr. 1641) against his attainder,
and is wrongly said to have been in consequence expelled the House. He
was sum. to Pari. v. p., in his father's Barony, 9 June i64i('') by writ directed
Georgia Digby chivaler, and took his seat the next day. He ever after adhered
to the Royal cause, being Col. of a Reg. of Horse and Gov. of Nottingham,
1642; P.C. 28 Sep. 1643; Sec. of State, Sep. 1643-45; High Steward of the
Univ. of Oxford, 1643-46, and again, 1660-63. Lieut. Gen. (north of
Trent) 1645. Excepted from pardon, 24 Oct. 1648 by the Parl.jO
(which, in Mar. 1648, had proscribed him and his father) when he retired
abroad and became Lieut. Gen. in the French Army, 1651. Was nom. and
inv. K.G. at Paris, Jan. 1652/3; inst. 15 Apr. 1661. Sec. of State and
Lieut. Gen. for England, 1657, till incapacitated by having become a Roman
Catholic. He m. Anne, 2nd da. of Francis (Russell), 4th Earl of Bed-
ford, by Catharine, da. and coh. of Giles (Brydges), 3rd Baron Chandos
of Sudley. He d. at Chelsea, 20, and was bur. 24 Mar. 1676/7, at
(') His s.. Sir Lewis Dyves, was a well-known Royalist.
(*>) Lady Fanshawe, in her Memoirs, says her son was buried between the Earl of
Bristol and Dr. Steward.
(^) In his character by Clarendon he is described as " of a grave aspect, a
presence that drew respect, [and] a very handsome man [who] by the extraordinary
favour of King James to his person [was] Ambassador to Spain before he was 30.
Though he was a man of great parts and a wise man in Council he was passionate
and supercilious and was too voluminous in discourse, so that he was not considered
there with much respect." G.E.C.
" Well accomplished, and of great parts natural and acquired, as gallant with his
sword as eminent with his tongue or pen, but he had likewise so much of a romantick
spirit, and of such superfined politics ... so as these eminences made him never
prosperous either to himself or his master." (Sir Philip Warwick's Memoin, 1701,
p. 279). "The wisest, most experienced, most cautious of living statesmen." [Life
of Clarendon, by Sir Henry Craik, vol. i, p. 123). He was something of a poet. V.G.
(^) For a list of peers cr. M.A. on this occasion, see note sub Henry, Earl of
Sunderland [June 1643]. V.G.
(') Lordi" Journals. Not 15 Car. I, as in Dugdale's Summonses. For a list of
eldest sons of peers sum. v.p. to Pari., see vol. i. Appendix G. V G.
(') See note "f" on previous page.
42
322 BRISTOL
Chenies, Bucks, aged 64. Will dat. 5 Oct. 1675, P^"- ^° ^P*"- ^^ll-i')
His widow d. 26 Jan. and was bur. i Feb. 1696/7, at Chenies afsd. Will
dat. 10 Apr. 1696, pr. 3 Feb. 1696/7.
III. 1677 3. John (Digby), Earl OF Bristol [1622] and Baron
to Digby of Sherborne [16 18], ist and only surv. s. and h.,
1698. ^. about 1635. M.P. (Tory) for Dorset, 1675-77. Lord
Lieut, of Dorset 1679 till his death; Vice Admiral of
Poole. He tn., istly, 26 Mar. 1656, at Bobbingworth, Essex, Alice, da.
and h. of Robert Bourne, of Blake Hall, in that parish. She d. s.p., and
was bur. 28 May 1658, at Bobbingworth. He ;«., 2ndly (lie. Fac. 13 July,
he 27, she 18), Aug. 1663, Rachael, 2nd and yst. da. and coh. of Sir Hugh
Wyndham, of Stilton, Dorset, Justice of the Common Pleas, by his ist
wife, Jane, da. of Sir Thomas Wodehouse, 2nd Bart. [161 1]. He d. s.p.,
18 Sep. 1698, aged about 63, when all his honours became extinct. He was
bur. at Sherborne; his monument there is said to have cost ;^ 1,500. His
widow d. 16 Feb. 1708/9. Will pr. June 1709.
IV. 1714. I- John Hervey, 2nd,('') but ist surv. s. and h. of Sir
Thomas Hervey,(') of Ickworth, Suffolk, by Isabella, da.
of Sir Humphrey May, Vice Chamberlain to Charles I, was b. 27 Aug.
and bap. 29 Sep. 1665, at Bury St. Edmunds; matric. at Cambridge (Clare
(^) According to Clarendon he was "a man of very extraordinary parts by
nature and art, a graceful and beautiful person, equal to a very good part in the
greatest affairs, but the unfittest man alive to conduct them, having an ambition and
vanity superior to all his other parts, and a confidence in himself which sometimes
intoxicated, transported, and exposed him." Horace Walpole says of him: " He was
a singular person whose life was one contradiction. He wrote against Popery and
embraced it; he was a zealous opposer of the Court and a sacrifice for it; was con-
scientiously converted in the midst of his prosecution of Lord Strafford, and was most
««conscientiously a prosecutor of Lord Clarendon. With great parts he always hurt
himself and his friends; with romantic bravery he was always an unsuccessful com-
mander." G.E.C '"First for his head,' says Sir George Carteret, 'I know a calf's
head would have done better by half, for his heart and his sword I have nothing to
say to them.' In fine he told us how he is a man of excellent parts, but of no great
faith nor judgment, and one very easy to get up to a great height of preferment but
never able to hold it." {Pepys, 2 July, 1663). It was by his bad advice, backed by
the Queen, that Charles I committed that "act of senseless recklessness" the im-
peachment of Lord Kimbolton and the 5 members of the House of Commons,
followed by the attempt to arrest them. See a full account of him in The Ancator,
no. xi, Oct. 1904. V.G.
(^) His elder brother, William, d. v.p. and unm. 14 June 1663. V.G.
(■=) This Sir Thomas was s. and h. of Sir William H., of Ickworth, by his ist wife,
Susan, da. of Sir Robert Jermyn, of Rushbrooke, Suffolk, which William was s. and h. of
lohn H., of Ickworth, by Frances, da. and coh. of Edmund Bocking, of Bocking, Essex.
For the Hervey family see Gage's Thingoe Hundred, pp. 286-322, and J.J. Howard's
edition of the Fisitation of Suffolk, vol. ii, pp. 133-205. V.G.
BRISTOL 323
Hall) 5 July i684.('') On 27 May 1694 he sue. his father (who ^. aged 69)
in the family estates, and as Hereditary High Steward of Bury St. Edmunds.
He was M.P. (Whig) for Bury St. Edmunds 1 694-1 703, C") when, some-
what unexpectedlyjC^) on 23 Mar. 1702/3, he was cr. BARON HERVEY
OF ICKWORTH, Suffolk. He was cr. LL.D. Cambridge, 16 Apr. 1 705,
and, having been a zealous supporter of the succession of the House of
Hanover, was, on 19 Oct. 1 7 14, fr. EARL OF BRISTOL. (<*) Hem., istly,
I Nov. 1688, at St. Martin's-in-the-Fields (lie. Vic. Gen., he 23, and she
19), Isabella, sister and h. of Sir Edward Carr, Bart., and da. of Sir Robert
Carr, Bart., of Sleaford, co. Lincoln, by Elizabeth, da. of Sir John
Bennet. She, who was i?. 20 Jan.('') 1669/70, t/. in childbed, 7, and was
i>ur. 16 Mar. 1692/3, at Ickworth. M.I. He m., 2ndly, 25 July 1695,
at Boxted Hall, Suffolk, Elizabeth, da. and h. of Sir Thomas Fel-
TON, Bart., of Playford Hall, Suffolk, by Elizabeth, 3rd da. and coh. of
James (Howard), 3rd Earl of Suffolk, Lord Howard de Walden. She
was a Lady of the Bedchamber to Caroline, the Queen Consort, both as
Queen and when Princess of Wales. After having given birth to 1 1 sons and
6 daughters, she, who was L 18 Dec.('=) 1676, d'. of a fit, in her sedan chair
in St. James's Park, i , and was /^«r. 9 May 1 741, at Ickworth. (*). M.I. Will
dat. 5 Dec. 1740, pr. 8 May 1741. He ^.20, and was l>ur. 27 Jan. 1750/1,
at Ickworth, aged 86.(») M.I. "Will dat. i Dec. 1750, pr. 23 Feb. 1750/1.
(^) His diary from 1688 to 1742 was published in 1894, and the dates given
therein have been adopted. V.G.
C') He was one of the dissentient Whigs who, under Pulteney, opposed Walpole.
V.G.
(•=) The famous Duchess of Marlborough in her ^^ Conduct" vrrites: "I never was
concerned in making any Peer but one, and that was my Lord Hervey, 1 had made a
promise to Sir Thomas Felton that if her Majesty should ever make any new Lords I
would certainly use my influence that Mr. Hervey should be one. When the Queen
had resolved to create four Peers, Granville, Guernsey, Gower, and Conway, I wrote
to Lord Marlborough and Lord Godolphin that if they did not endeavour to get Mr.
Hervey made a Peer I neither would, nor could, shew my face anymore. The thing
was done purely at my request and at a time when affairs at Court ran so violently
against the whole party of Whigs that Mr. Hervey had laid aside all hopes of the
Peerage."
('') This was one of the 14 peerages er. at the Coronation, 20 Oct. 17 14, of
George I. For a list of Coronation peerages see Appendix F in this volume. As
to this title, see note sub Thomas, Earl of Derby [1485]. V.G.
(=■) Lord Bristol's Diary.
(*) " The Countess has come out a new creature, .... is grown young,
blooming, coquette and gallant; and to show she is fully sensible of the errors of her
past life, and resolved to make up for time misspent, she has two lovers at a time."
(Lady Mary Montagu, 1723). V.G.
(8) Lord Hervey (Memoirs, vol. ii, p. 439) says of him: — " He is a judicious, dis-
passionate, just, humane, and thoroughly amiable man, and has lived long enough in
the world to have this character of him (though given by his son) uncontroverted by
anyone else." The writer speaks of his mother's understanding in a less flattering
manner. V.G.
324 BRISTOL
[Carr Hervey, styled Lord Hervey, s. and h. ap., being only s. by ist
wife, b. 17, and bap. 21 Sep. 1691; ent. 4 June 1708 at Clare Hall, Cam-
bridge; M.A. 1 7 10. He was M.P. (Whig) for Bury St. Edmund's,
1713-22. Groom of the Bedchamber to the Prince of Wales. He d. unm.
and v.p., at Bath, Somerset, 14, and was bur. 24 Nov. 1723, at Ickworth,
aged 32.(") M.I. Admon. 29 Nov. 1723.]
[John Hervey, j/>/f^ Lord Hervey, 2nd, but ist surv. s. and h. ap.,
being ist son by 2nd wife, b. in Jermyn Str., 15, and bap. there 25 Oct.
1696; ent. 9 Nov. 1713, at Clare Hall, Cambridge; M. A., 1715. He was
M.P. (Whig) for Bury St. Edmunds C") 1725-33. Vice Chamberlain of the
Household 1730-40, and P.C. 8 May 1730. By writ, 11 June 1733, he
was sum. to Pari, v.p., in his father's Barony, as LORD HERVEY OF
ICKWORTH, (^) and took his seat next day. Lord Privy Seal, i May 1740
to 1742. One of the Lords Justices of the Realm, May 1741. He »/.,
21 Apr.('^) 1720, Mary (then Maid of Honour to the Princess of Wales),
da. of Brig. Gen. Nicholas Lepell,(') Groom of the Bedchamber to George,
Prince of Denmark, by Mary, da. of John Brooke, of Rendlesham. He d.
^'./|., in his 47th year, 5, and was bur. 12 Aug. 1743, at Ickworth. (Q M.I.
Will pr. 1743. His widow, who was b. 26 Sep. 1706, d. 2 and was bur.
9 Sep. 1768, at Ickworth, aged nearly 62. M.I. Will pr. that month.]
(*) According to Lady Mary Wortley Montagu {Letters and Worh, edit. 1861,
vol. i, pp. 71-74), he was the real father of Horace Walpole. V.G.
C") Until the accession of George II, when he went over to Walpole, he was,
with his father, one of the section of the party who followed Pulteney. V.G.
(■=) For a list of such summonses see vol. i. Appendix G.
C^) See note " e " on previous page.
(^) "For Venus, sure, never saw bedded
So comely a Beau and a Belle,
As when Hervey, the Handsome, was wedded
To the beautiful Molly Lepell."
From a letter of Humphrey Prideaux, 30 Sep. 1698, it may be gathered that Lady
Hervey got her looks from her father, and her wit from her mother. Her portrait was
painted by Reynolds. V.G-
(') He is the " Sporus " so bitterly satirised by Pope, whose —
" Eternal smiles his emptiness betray
As shallow streams run dimpling all the way."
A very different estimation of him was, however, held by most of his contemporaries.
To Caroline, the Queen Consort, " he was particularly agreeable, as he helped to en-
liven the uniformity of a Court with sprightly repartees and lively sallies of wit."
(Opinions of Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough). G-E.C. His exceedingly entertaining
Memoirs, published 1848, which have been freely drawn upon in the notes to this
work for sketches of his contemporaries, afford convincing proof of his wit, acumen,
and liveliness. His father attributed his constant ill health to his drinking " that de-
testable and poisonous plant, tea, which had once brought him to death's door, and
if persisted in would carry him through it." V.G.
BRISTOL 325
V. 1751. 2. George William (Hervey), Earl OF Bristol, fcfc,
grandson and h., being s. and h. of John, LordHervey,
abovenamed, h. 3 [not 31] Aug. 1721 ; was an officer in the army 1739-42.
On 5 Aug. 1743 he sue. his father as BARON HERVEY OF ICK-
WORTH Q and took his seat i Dec. following. Eight years afterwards he
sue. his grandfather in the Earldom. Envoy to Turin, 1755-58; Ambas-
sador to Madrid, 1758 to Dec. 1761, when war was declared with Spain
in consequence of the compact of the House of Bourbon; Lord Lielt. of
Ireland, i 766-67 ;('') P.C. 26 Sep. 1766; Lord Privy Seal (in succession
to Chatham), Nov. 1768 to Feb. I770;('=) Groom of the Stole and First
Lord of the Bedchamber, 1770-75. He ^. unm., at Bath, Somerset, "of
palsy from repelled gout," 18, and was bur. 26 Mar. 1775, at Ickworth,
aged 53. C*^) Will pr. Mar. 1775.
VL 1775. 3- Augustus John (Hervey), Earl OF Bristol, i^c,
br. and h., h. 19 May, and bap. 18 June 1724. In 1740
he joined the Nav}-^; was Lieutenant 1740, Commander, 1746; Post Capt.
1746/7; Col. of Marines, 1762-75; Com. in Chief in the Mediterranean,
1 763 ; Rear Adm., 1775, and, finally. Vice Adm. 1778. He was M.P. (Whig)
for Bury St. Edmunds 1757-63; for Saltash, 1763-68; and again for Bury
St. Edmunds 1768-75. Groom of the Bedchamber 1763-72. Ch. Sec.
to the Lord Lieut. [I.] 1766-67; P.C. [I.] Oct. 1766. A Lord of the
Admiralty i77i-75-(0 He m. (privately), 4 Aug. 1744, in the Chapel of
Mr. Merrill's house at Lainston, Hants, Elizabeth, da. of Col. Thomas
Chudleigh, Governor of Chelsea College, Midx., by Henrietta, his wife.O
(^) As to the right of inheritance of such s. and h. of a person so sum. v.p. in his
father's Barony, see the precedent in the case of Charles, B.'VRGn Clifford of
Lanesborocgh [1694]. V.G.
C') He resigned office without having set foot in Ireland, but nevertheless pocketed
without scruple, not merely the annual salary of jT 16,000, but also the allowance
of j^3,ooo for L. Lieutenant's " equipage." It should be added that he followed the
precedent set by Lord Weymouth in the preceding year, who in the same circum-
stances acted in the same way. V.G.
('^) He was an official VVhig, supporting the Court, and was a member of the
Grafton and North administrations. V.G-
('^) " He was born to the gout from his mother's family, but starved himself to
keep it off. This brought on paralytic strokes which have despatched him." (Horace
Walpole to Sir Horace Mann, 20 Mar. 1775)- " He has left to his brother [Augustus]
an estate of j^20,000 p.a." (Genfs Mag.). V.G.
(') " He had performed offices of extreme bravery, and on other occasions had had
his courage called in question. He had no parts, and but a very confused under-
standing. During the lifetime of his elder brother he had been .... a most
servile and forward Courtier." {Last J ournah of Horace IFa/poIe, Dec. 1 778). A
long account of his life is given in Gent's Mag., vol. 50, pp. 10-14, which concludes
with eulogising his activity and spirit as a naval commander, but adds that " his moral
character, his matrimonial transactions, iyc, excite our pity and contempt." V.G.
C) There was issue of this marriage a son, "Augustus Henry, s.ofye Hon. Augus-
tus Hervey," bap. 2 Nov. 1747 at Chelsea, who d. an infant.
326 BRISTOL
She, who in 1743 was Maid of Honour to the Princess of Wales, contracted,
at St. Geo., Han. Sq., a 2nd (but unlawful) marriage (in her husband's
lifetime), 8 Mar. 1769, with Evelyn (Pierrepont), Duke of Kingston,
who d. s.p., 23 Sep. 1773. The Duchess of Kingston (as she was usually
called) was tried for bigamy before the House of Lords, 15, 16, 19, 20
and 22 Apr. 1776, on which last day she was unanimously found guilty.
After this she left England, residing at St. Petersburg and other foreign
courts. The Earl of Bristol d. s.p.s. legit., in St. James's Sq., Midx., 23,('*) and
was bur. 28 Sep. 1779, at Ickworth, aged 55. Will pr. 24 Dec. 1779.
His widow (from whom he had obtained a divorce a mensd et thoro in the
Eccles. Court 11 Feb. 1769) d. 26 Aug. 1788, from the bursting of a
blood vessel, at Paris, aged 68, being four years older than her lawful
husband. Her will (as Duchess of Kingston) pr. Dec. 1789. A previous
admon. in Mar. 1789.
VII. 1779. 4- Frederick. Augustus (Hervey), Earl of Bristol,
yc, br. and h., b. i Aug., and bap. 3 Sep. 1730. Ed. at
Westm. school, and at Corpus Christi Coll. , Cambridge ; M. A. 1 7 54 ; admitted
to Line. Inn, 24 Feb. 1 747 ; Clerk of the Privy Seal, 1753-67. Having taken
Holy Orders, he became Chaplain to the King, 1763. Bencher of King's
Inn, Dublin, 1767; P.C. [I.] 9 Oct. 1767; Bishop of Cloyne, 1767-68;
Bishop of Derry, 1768-1803; Chaplain Gen. to the Irish Volunteers, 1782;
F.R.S. 28 Feb. 1782; one of the Volunteer delegates from co. Derry (Irish
Convention) i783.('') On 18 Nov. 1799 he became Lord Howard de
Walden, having sue. to that Barony (by the death of the senior coh.) in right
(*) So say Gage and Howard, as in note "c," page 322; the peerages wrongly give
23 Dec. V.G.
C^) The prominent and extraordinary part he took in opposing the Union with
Ireland, from the moment he became an Irish Bishop, is set forth in Harrington's
Rise and Fall of the Irish Nation. It appears to have been caused more by vanity than
conviction. Dressed in purple, with diamond knee and shoe buckles, in white
gloves with gold fringe and large gold tassels, seated " in an open landau, drawn by
six beautiful horses comparisoned with purple ribands," and " escorted by a troop of
light cavalry splendidly dressed and accoutred and mounted on the finest chargers
that the Bishop or their commander could procure," with " trumpets announcing his
approach " and cries of " Long live the Bishop," he " never ceased making dignified
obeisances to the multitude," as (in 1783) "he took his seat amongst the Irish
delegates at the Rotunda " of Dublin. " His ambition for popularity obviously
knew no bounds, and his efforts to gain that popularity found no limits." G.E.C.
Sir Jonah Barrington adds that he was " a man of elegant erudition, exten-
sive learning, and an enlightened and classical, but eccentric mind: — bold, ardent,
and versatile; he dazzled the vulgar by ostentatious state, and worked upon the gen-
try by ease and condescension: — he affected public candour and practised private
cabal." Lord Charlemont, in his Memoirs, remarks that he verified Lord Chesterfield's
famous apothegm, that "at the beginning God created three different species, men,
women, and Herveys," and adds "His genius is like a shallow stream, rapid, noisy, divert-
ing, but useless. Such is his head, and I fear it is much superior to his heart. He is proud
BRISTOL 327
of his descent through his grandmother (wife of the ist Earl of Bristol),
Elizabeth Felton, abovenamed. In politics he was a Whig. He m., 10 Aug.
1752, at Rushbrooke, Elizabeth, sister and h. of Sir Charles Davers, Bart.,
and da. of Sir Jermyn Davers, Bart., of Rougham, Suffolk, by Mar-
garetta, da. and coh. of the Rev. ( — ) Green. She ^. at Ickworth suddenly,
of spasms, 1 9, and was bur. there 27 Dec. 1 800. He d. at Albano, near Rome,
of gout, aged nearly 73, 8 July 1803, and was bur. 21 Apr. 1804, at Ick-
worth. Will pr. i8o4.(')
[John Augustus HERVEY,j/v/(',r/LoRD Hervey, 2nd, but ist surv. s. and
h. ap.jC') b. I and bap. 29 Jan. 1757, at Horningsheath, Suffolk. Capt. R.N.
1780; Ambassador at Florence, i787-94.('') He m., 4 Oct. 1779, at
Quebec, Elizabeth, da. of Colin Drummond, of Megginch Castle, co. Perth,
and of Quebec. He d. v.p. and s.p.m., 10 June,('') and was bur. 26 Sep.
1796, at Ickworth, aged 39. His widow d. 4 Sep. 18 18, at Richmond,
Surrey.]
VIII. 1803. I and 5. Frederick William (Hervey), Earl
OF Bristol and Baron Hervey of Ickworth,
MARQUESSATE. Hereditary High Steward of Bury St. Edmunds,
I. 1826. 2nd and yst., but only surv. s. and h. male (but not
heir_^i?«.), b. 2 June 1769. Ed. at St. John's Coll.,
Cambridge; M.A. 1788. Ensign ist Foot Guards, 1778-92, M.P.
(Whig)('=) for Bury St. Edmunds, 1 796-1 803. Under Sec. of State
and to the last degree vindictive; vain to excess, inconstant in his friendships
fond of intrigue in gallantry as well as in politics, and sticking at nothing
to gain his ends in either .... A bad father, both from caprice and
avarice; a worse husband to the best and most amiable of wives; a determined deist,
though a bishop, and at times so indecently impious in his conversation as to shock
the most reprobate . . . His ambition and his lust can alone get the better of
his avarice." V.Q.
(^) He appears in 1784, " The Patriotic Prelate and Mrs. H.," in the tke-h-tke
portraits in Town and Country Mag.., vol. xvi, p. 681, for an account of which see
Appendix B in the last volume of this work.
(*>) His elder br. George, hap. 25 Oct. 1755 at Horningsheath, d. abroad, about
1764.
{^) In 1775 he and a Mrs. Nesbitt appear, as " The Hon. Capt. H . . . . y and
Mrs. N . . b . . t" in the tete-a-tete portraits in Town and Country Mag., vol. vii,
p. 9. See Appendix B in the last volume of this work.
(<') Elizabeth Catherine Caroline, his only da. and h., i. 1 7 Aug., and hap. 4 Sep.
1780, at Ickworth, m. 2 Aug. 1798, Charles Rose Ellis (afterwards, 15 July 1826,
cr. Baron Seaford), and d. 21 Jan. 1803, leaving issue Charles Augustus Ellis, who,
8 July 1803, mc. his maternal great-grandfather (the 4th Earl of Bristol abovenamed)
in the Barony of Howard (of Walden), which was confirmed to him in 1806.
(') He voted in opposition for many years with the Grenvilles. In the later part
of his long, though not specially distinguished political career, he was a Conservative;
he followed Peel, however, in his change on the Corn Law question, and supported
the Liberal Govt, in the divisions on votes of censure in 1850. V.G.
328
BRISTOL
(Foreign), 1801-03. F.R.S. 23 May 1805; F.S.A.; cr. LL.D. i July
181 1. On 30 Tune 1826 he was fr. EARL JERMYN OF HORNINGS-
HEATH, Suffolk, and MARQUESS OF BRISTOL. He w., 20 Feb.
1798, Elizabeth Albana,('') 2nd da. of Clotworthy (Upton), ist Baron
Templetown [I.], by Elizabeth, da. of Shuckburgh Boughton. She, who
was b. 16 Aug. 1775, d. in Sussex Sq., Kemptown, Brighton, 25 May, and
was bur. 5 June 1844, at Ickworth, aged nearly 69. He d. of gout in the
stomach, at 6 St. James's Sq., 15, and was bur. 24 Feb. 1859, at Ickworth,
aged 89. C") Will pr. 28 Apr. 1859, under ;^90,ooo.
MARQUESSATE. \ 2 and 6. Frederick William (Hervey),
jj Marquess of Bristol, Earl of Bristol, i^c.,
'1859. s. and h., b. 15 July 1800, in Portland PI.,
Marylebone. Ed. at Trin. Coll., Cambridge;
M.A. 1822; cr. LL.D. 9 June 1862; M.P.
(Conservative) ('^) for Bury St. Edmunds
(being then siy/ed Earl Jermyn) 1826-59; F.S.A, 7 Dec. 1830; Treasurer
of the Household, 1841-46; P.C. 6 Oct. 1841; Pres. of the Camden
Soc. 1858 till his death. He m., 9 Dec. 1830, at St. James's, Westm.,
Katherine Isabella, 4th da. of John Henry (Manners), 5th Duke of
Rutland, by Elizabeth, da. of Frederick (Howard), 5th Earl of Car-
lisle. She, who was b. at Belvoir Castle, 4 Feb., and bap. there 25 Mar.
EARLDOM.
IX.
(^) He resisted the pressing requests of his father to throw her over and m. the
Countess de la Marche, an illegit. da. of the then King of Prussia, "one of the
prettiest, sweetest, most accomplished little women, with ;^ioo,000 down besides the
reversion of a landed property in Germany." (E. of Bristol, Aug. 1796). His father
works out a sort of debit and credit calculation thus:
" On my side On his side
j^5,ooo a year down No fortune
Do. do. in reversion Wife and children beggars
An english Dukedom which for want of settlement,
the King pledges to obtain. No connexion.
Royal connexion: Princess of A love match like all others
Wales and Duchess of York. For 4 generations before him."
— V.G.
C") Count Woronzow writes, 17 Apr. 1801, to Lord Grenville, urging that he
should not be sent as Minister to St. Petersburg: " Je crains que Lord Hawkesbury
ne noma a cette place son beau frere Lord Hervey . . . je le connois intimement:
il a la vanit6, I'esprit, la legeret^, et le deficit de jugement caracteristique de la
famille. II est Hervey, Hervey, et Archi-Hervey de maniere que je tremble que ce
ne soit lui qu'on nome; et si on le fait, je m'attens a mille follies de sa parts ainssi
qu'a mille regrets de la votre." "He had no particular complaint, but said 'he felt
the machine was worn out.' He was in his ninetieth year, and of all men I have ever
met with was the one over whom time had passed the most lightly." (Henry Gre-
ville's Diary, 16 Feb. 1859). V.G.
('^) As a peer he was known as a Peelite; he supported the Liberal Govt, of
Palmerston against the vote of censure on the Danish question in 1864. V.G.
BRISTOL 329
1809 (reg. at Bottesford), d. of smallpox, in childbed, at 47 Eaton Place, 20,
and was bur. 28 Apr. 1848, at Ickworth. He d. at Ickworth 30 Oct., and
was bur. there 5 Nov. 1864, aged 64. Will pr. 9 Feb. 1865, under
;f 100,000.
MARQUESSATE. \ 3 and 7. Frederick. William John
jjj_ (Hervey), Marquess of Bristol [1826],
,1864. Earl of Bristol [1714], Earl Jermyn of
Ex-lRLDOIVI. Horningsheath [1826], and Baron Hervey
X. j of Ickworth [1703]; also Hereditary High
Steward of Bur)' St. Edmunds, s. and h.,
b. at Bristol House, Putney Heath, Surrey, 28 June, and bap. 31 July 1834,
at St. Mary's, Putney. Ed. at Eton and at Trin. Coll. Cambridge;
M.A. 1856. M.P. (Conservative) for Bury St. Edmunds, 1859-64; Lord
Lieut, of Suffolk 1886 till his death. He w., 4 Mar. 1862, at St. Geo.,
Han. Sq., Geraldine Georgiana Mar)', 5th and yst. da. and coh. of Major
Gen. the Hon. George Anson, by Isabella Elizabeth Annabella,('') da. of
Cecil Weld (Weld-Forester), ist Baron Forester. He d. s.p.Jit.s., at
Ickworth 7, and was bur. there 10 Aug. 1907, aged 73.('') Will pr. Oct.
1907, gross ^[20,830, net ^{^3,506, besides very large settled property. He
was sue. by his nephew and h., who is outside the scope of this work.
Family Estates. — These, in 1883, consisted of 16,981 acres in Suffolk;
13,745 in CO. Lincoln; 1,131 in Essex; and 157 in Sussex. Total^ 32,014
acres, of the estimated value of ;^4 1,270 a year. Note. — In the Annual
Register of 1775 the then Earl is said to have sue. his br. in estates worth,
before the estates of the family of Davers (at Rougham, fffc, Suffolk) had
been acquired by the Hervey family, ;/^20,ooo a year. Prineipal Resi-
dence. — Ickworth Park, near Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk.
BRISTOL (City and County of the City)
See " Fitz-Hardinge of the City and County of the City of
Bristol," Barony (Berkeley), cr. 1861.
(^) She was a celebrated Society beauty of her day. "Mrs. Anson is dead,
from taking by mistake an overdose of laudanum. They kept her walking about for
several hours, but in vain. One of the handsomest women of her day." (Lord
Malmesbury's Memoirs, 31 Dec. 1858). "There was such a natural gaiety and
cordiality about her, something so attaching, that I hardly ever have seen the like in
any other woman." (Henry Greville's Diar\, 31 Dec. 1858; ex inform. Bright
Brown). V.G.
('') "He was one of the few peers of the realm who for many years cheerfully
aided, by his influence and contributions, every practical movement for the settlement
of national disputes without recourse to the arbitrament of war. It may not gener-
ally be known that the late marquis was the first member of the House of Lords
who raised his voice in that august assembly in favour of this question." (Lewis
Appleton, in the Times, 8 Aug. 1907; ex inform. Bright Brown). V.G.
43
330 BRITANNY
BRITANNY
BARONY I, John de Bretagne, 2nd s. of John, Earl of
BY WRIT. Richmond (Duke of Britannj)^ was sum. v.p. to Pari.
I 24 May and 13 July (1305) 33 Edw. I, by writs directed
•^ '' Johatini de Britannia Juniori, whereby some may hold
him to have become LORD BRITANNY.^) Having,
in Nov. 1305, sue. his father in the English estates, on 15 Oct. (1306)
34 Edw. I, he was declared " EARL OB~ RICHMOND," and sum. to
Pari, by writ directed Johanni de Britannia Comiti de Richmond'. He d. s.p.^
17 Jan. 1333/4, when any Barony which may be held to have existed
became extinct. See fuller account under "Richmond," Earldom of, 1306
to 1334.
II. 1334. 2. John DE Bretagne, nephew and h.,Z)«-^?o/5n/rt««)',
havingbeenacknowledgedas"EARLOFRICHMOND,"
was sum. to Pari. 24 July (1334) 8 Edw. Ill, and 22 Jan. (1335/6)
9 Edw. Ill, by writs directed Johanni Duci Britannie et Comiti Richmond'. He
d. s.p., 30 Apr. 1 34 1, when any honours arising under that writ became
extinct. See fuller account under "Richmond," Earldom of, 1335 to 1341.
BRITTAS
See " BouRKE of Brittas," Barony [I.] (Bourke), cr. 1618; forfeited
1691.
brodrick of PEPER HAROW
i.e. "Brodricjs: of Peper Harow, Surrey," Barony (Brodrick), cr.
II June 1796, with a spec. rem. See " Midleton," Viscountcy [I.],
cr. 171 7, under the 4th Viscount.
BROGHILL
See "Orrery," Earldom of [I.], cr. i66o.
BROKE see BROOKE
BROME
i.e. " Brome, Suffolk," Viscountcy {Cornwallis), see " Cornwallis,"
Earldom, cr. 1753; extinct 1852.
(f) There is proof in the Rolls of Pari, of his sitting. As to how far these early
writs of summons did in fact create any Peerage title, see Appendix A in the last
volume. V.G.
BROOKE 331
BROMFLETE see VESSY
BROMHAM
See "Trevor of Bromham," Barony (Trevor), cr. 1712; extinct 1824.
BROMLEY (CO. Stafford)
See "Gerard of Gerard's Bromley, co. Stafford," Barony (Gerard),
cr. 1603; extinct 1707.
See " Bagot of Bagot's Bromley, co. Stafford," Barony (Bagot), cr. 1780.
BROMLEY HILL PLACE
See " Farnborough of Bromley Hill Place, Kent," Barony (Long),
cr. 1826; extinct 1838.
BRONTE (Italy)
See " Bridport of Cricket St. Thomas, Somerset, and of Bronte in
THE Kingdom of Italy," Viscountcy (Hood), cr. 1868.
BROOKE or BROKE
i.e. Sir Edward Brooke, of Cobham, sum. to Pari. 13 Jan. 1444/5, ^^^
"Cobham," Barony by writ 13 13.
i.e. Sir Robert Willoughby of Broke, Wilts, sum. to Pari. 12 Aug.
1491, see "Willoughby of Broke."
BROOKE OF BEAUCHAMPS COURT and BROOKE
OF WARWICK CASTLE
BARONY. I. Fulke Greville, only s. and h. of Sir Fulke
. , G., of Beauchamps Court, in Alcester, co. Warwick, by
Anne, da. of Ralph (Nevill), 4th Earl of Westmor-
land, which Sir Fulke was s. and h. of another Sir Fulke
G., by Elizabeth, da. and coh. (eventually sole h., being the greatest
heiress of her time) of Edward Willoughby,(^) s. and h. ap. of Robert,
(^) The Barony of Willoughby of Broke fell into abeyance, on the death of the
2nd Lord s.p.m.s., 10 Nov. (15 21) 13 Hen. VIII, between his three granddaughters
and coheirs. Two of these died without issue, before the death of their sister, Dame
Elizabeth Greville (who d. in 1560), who, according to modern doctrine, would
have been entitled suo jure to the Barony. She would have been succeeded therein
by her son (i 560-1606) and, subsequently, by her grandson, Fulke Greville, cr. in
1621, Baron Brooke. It was not, however, till 13 Feb. 1695/6 (when the represen-
332 BROOKE
2nd Lord Willoughby of Broke, by Elizabeth,(') ist da. and coh. of
Richard (Beauchamp), Baron Beauchamp of Powick, was b. 1554; was
de jure Lord Willoughby of Broke; ed. at Shrewsbury school from
17 Oct. 1564; matric. at Cambridge (Jesus Coll.) 20 May 1568; was
Gent, of the Privy Chamber, Clerk of the Signet to the Council of
Wales, 1 581; Sec. for Wales 20 Apr. 1583; cr. M.A. of Oxford 11 Apr.
1588C'); Ranger of Wedgnock Park 1597, of which estate in 1601 he
obtained the grant from the Queen, with whom he stood high in favour.
Treasurer of the Navy, 1598-1604; Rear Adm. of the Fleet, 1599; K.B.
at the Coronation, 24 July 1603; Sec. to the Council of Wales, 1603. In
1604 he received a grant of Warwick Castle,('=) then in a ruinous state (on
which he expended some ;^20,ooo), and in 1606 he sue. his father in the
family estates, and (according to modern doctrine) to his right to the
Barony of Willoughby of Broke. ('^) P.C. i Oct. 16 14; Chancellor of
the Exchequer, 16 14-21; Joint Commissioner to treat with Holland,
1619; M.P. for CO. Warwick, 1620-21. On 29 Jan. i62o/i,('=) he was cr.
BARON BROOKE OF BEAUCHAMPS COURT, co. Warwick, with
a spec, rem., failing the heirs male of his body, to Robert Greville and
W^illiam Greville, in like manner, sons of Fulke Greville, of Thorpe
Latimer, co. Lincoln, who was only s. and h. of Robert G., of the
same, next br. to Sir Fulke Greville, the father of the grantee. Gent,
of the Bedchamber, Oct. 1621; Recorder of Warwick; Member of the
Council of War.O He d. unm., at Brooke House, Holborn, 30 Sep.
tation had passed from the family of Greville) that this Barony was allowed to her
descendant and representative, Richard Verney; this being the first decision whereby
a Barony by Writ was allowed to the heir at law (through a female) after it had been
in abeyance. The older and better doctrine was, that, as the effect of abeyance was
to vest the dignity in the Crown, no right of succession, after such vesture, could
subsequently ensue, other than by the special favour of the Crown. G.E.C. The
case is discussed by J. H. Round, in his Peerage and Pedigree, where it is shown that
the Attorney General actually argued that the acceptance of the Brooke barony in
1 62 1 had the effect of extinguishing the claimant's right. V.G.
(^) See ante, p. 47, note " e," and (for the Beauchamp descent) p. 46,
note " f."
C") For a list of those cr. M.A. on this day, see note sub Robert, Earl of
Leicester [161 8]. V.G.
(■=) The manor of Warwick remained with the Crown till granted, in 1629, by
Charles I to the Corporation of London, who in 1 63 1 sold it to William Bolton
of London. In his family it continued till 1742, when it was purchased by Francis,
Baron Brooke (afterwards Earl Brooke and Earl of Warwick), becoming thus again
united with the Castle.
{^) See note "a" on previous page.
If) The patent was not sealed till July 1621, and he sat and voted in the House
of Commons up to, or nearly up to, the date of sealing. See N. Js" Q., 4th ser.,
vol. viii, pp. 22, 28. V.G.
(') He was well-known for his literary attainments; for his friendship to Sir Philip
Sydney, who had been his schoolfellow at Shrewsbury; for his patronage of Camden,
{5'c.
BROOKE 333
1628, in his 75th year, of wounds received from one Hayward, who had long
been in his service.('') He was bur. in great state in his vault at St.
Mary's, Warwick. M.I. Will dat. 18 Feb. 1627/8, pr. 12 Nov.
1628.^
II. 1628. 2. Robert (Greville), Baron Brooke of Beau-
champs Court, cousin and h. male, being s. and h. of
Fullce Greville, of Thorpe Latimer, co. Lincoln, by Margaret, da. of
Christopher Copley, of Wadsworth, co.York, which Fulke was only s. and
h. of Robert Greville, also of Thorpe Latimer, uncle of the last Lord. He
was b. 1607; ed. at Cambridge; was M.P. for Warwick (town) Feb. to
May 1628, in which year he sue. his cousin (by whom he had been adopted
when but four years of age) in the Peerage under the spec. Imitation of the
patent. Recorder of Warwick 1641 till his death. He early imbibed re-
publican notions, and with Viscount Saye and Sele,('^) was one of the two
noblemen who refused to profess their loyalty to the King as required by
the Council at York in 1639. Joint Commissioner to the Scots at Ripon
and in London, Sep. and Nov. i640.('') Lord Lieut, of co. Warwick (on
nom. of Pari.), 1642. Col. of a Reg. of Foot, 1642; fought at the battle
of Edgehill, 22 Oct. 1642, and was appointed Major Gen. (for the Pari.)
for COS. Warwick and Stafford, 7 Jan. 1 642/3. (^) He m., about 1630,
Catharine, ist da. of Francis (Russell), 4th Earl of Bedford, by Catharine,
da. and coh. of Giles (Brydges), 3rd Baron Chandos of Sudley. He
d. 2 Mar. 1642/3, at the house of Michael Biddulph, M.P., in Lichfield,
in his 36th year, being struck with a musket ball while looking out of a
window to direct the siege of St. Chad's Church. (') His widow d. about
I Dec. 1676.
(a) " My Lord B. is dead of his wounds given him by his man, who slew him-
self." (Lord Dorchester, 30 Sep. 1628). He was stating to an old servant the dispo-
sition of his property, when the fellow flew into a passion at the smallnessof the legacy
which was to be left to him, and stabbed his master. Lloyd says of him (1665):
" Sweet was his disposition, winning his converse, fluent his discourse, obliging his
looks; public his spirit, and large his soul." V.G.
(^) On his death such representation of the families of Willoughby and Beauchamp
as he had derived from his grandmother, Elizabeth Willoughby, and her mother, Eliza-
beth Beauchamp (a coh. of a junior branch of the family of Beauchamp, I'/z. Beauchamp
of Powick), devolved on his sister and sole h., Dame Margaret Verney, who (according
to modern doctrine) then became sua jure Baroness Willoughby of Broke, and to whose
grandson and h. that Barony, in 1696, was allowed.
(^) This connexion is commemoratedby the town at the mouth of the Connecticut
River in the State of that name, being called " Say-Brook " as having been founded by
a colony under their auspices. V.G.
('') For a list of the 16 " popular " noblemen appointed by the King to treat with
the Scots, see note sub Robert, Earl of Essex [1604]. V.G.
(') He was one of the " Captains in the armies of the Commonwealth." See
vol. iv. Appendix B. V.G.
(') "Just after he had prayed publicly that, if the cause he were in were not
right anJ just, he might be presently cut off." " Those who were acquainted with
334 BROOKE
III. 1643. 3- Francis (Greville), Baron Brooke of Beau-
champs Court, s. and h., Recorder of Warwick. He d.
unm., Nov. 1658.
IV. 1658. 4. Robert (Greville), Baron Brooke of Beau-
champs Court, br. and h., b. about 1638. Recorder of
Warwick 1660 till his death. He was one of the six Peers sent to Holland
to invite the return of Charles II, 3 May 1660. Lord Lieut, of co. Stafford
1660 till his death; High Steward of Stafford 1674. He m. Ann, da. and
eventually sole h. of John Dodington (s. and h. of Sir William D.), of
Breamore, Hants. He d. s.p.m.s.,(^) 17 Feb. iSjS/j, at Bath, Somerset.
Will dat. 1667 to 1674, pr. 1677. His widow m. Thomas Hoby, and
d. Feb. 1 690/1. Admon. 8 July 1691, to her said husband.
V. 1677. 5. Fulke (Greville), Baron Brooke OF Beauchamps
Court, yst. br. and h., being posthumous s. of the 2nd
Baron, and (consequently) b. a few months after 2 Mar. 1642/3. M.P. for
Warwick, 1664-77; Recorder of Warwick 1677 till his death, and of
Coventry 1 687-1 706. Hew., 12 Jan. 1664/5, ^* ^*- Bartholomew-the-less,
London (lie. at Fac. Off. he aged 21 and she 19), Sarah, da. of Francis
Dashwood, Alderman of London, by Alice, sister of Edmund Sleigh, also
Alderman of London. Shed. Sep. 1705. He d. 22 Oct. 17 10, at Twicken-
ham, Midx., in his 68th year.C") Will dat. 3 Apr., pr. 9 Nov. 17 10.
VI. 1710. 6. FuLKE (Greville), Baron Brooke OF Beauchamps
Court, grandson and h., being s. and h. of Francis
Greville, by Anne, widow of Henry Baynton, of Spy Park, Wilts, ist da.
of John (Wilmot), Earl of Rochester, and coh. to her br., the 3rd Earl,
which Francis G. was s. and h. ap. of the last Lord, but d. v.p., (eleven days
before his father) 1 1 Oct. 17 10. He was b. about 1693; rriatric. at Oxford
(Univ. Coll.), I Dec. 17 10, being then 17. He d. of fever, at Univ. College
afsd., 24 Feb., and was iur. 3 Mar. 1710/1, at Warwick. Admon.
25 May 171 1.
VII. 171 1. 7. William (Greville), Baron Brooke of Beau-
champs Court, only br. and h., b. about 1694. He
him believed him to be well natured and just, and rather seduced and corrupted in
his understanding than perverse and malicious. Whether his Passions, or Conscience
swayed him, he was undoubtedly one of those who could have been with most diffi-
culty reconciled to the government of Church or State." {Clarendon).
(^) He had six sons, John, Francis, Charles, Robert, William, and Fulke, who
all died young and v.p. V.G.
(*>) " Hath been always a man of pleasure, with a very good capacity; well bred;
loves play; a fair complexion; towards 60 years of age. His son, Mr. Grevill [i.e.
Francis G., who d. v.p."] makes a tolerable figure in the House of Commons: both
great assertors of the Prerogative in Church and State." {Macky).
BROOKE 335
matric. at Oxford (Wadham Coll.), 5 Jan. 1710/1, and was a: M.A. 4 Nov.
1712. Recorder of Warwick 17 19 till his death. In politics a Tory.(^)
He »;., 8 Nov. 17 16, at Leweston chapel, Dorset, (reg. at Long Burton)
Mary, 2nd and yst. da. and coh. of the Hon. Henry Thynne,('') by Grace,
da. and h. of Sir George Strode, of Leweston afsd. She d. iq Mar. 1720,
in her 19th year. Admon. 4 June 1720, and again 10 July i728.('^) He
d. 28 July 1727, in his 33rd year, at his house in Poland Str., London. Will
pr. 1728. Both bur. at St. Mary's, Warwick.
VIIL 1727. I and 8. Francis (Greville), Baron Brooke of
Beauchamps Court, 3rd('') and yst., but only surv. s.
EARLDOM. and h.,/?'. 10 Oct. 17 1 9. Ed. at Winchester. Recorder of
L 1746. Warwick 1 74 1 till his death. On 7 July 1746, he was cr.
EARL BROOKE C) OF WARWICK CASTLE.Q
Lord Lieut, of CO. Warwick 1749-57. K.T. 29 Mar. 1753. (^) On 13 Nov.
1759 O he was cr. EARL OF WARWICK,(') and on 2 Apr. 1760 had a
grant of "the crest anciently used by the Earls of Warwick,"(') for him-
(^) Hearne calls him, in IJII, "A young, debauched, rakish man." His politics
had not then developed, or Hearne would not have abused him. That writer,
though from an opposite standpoint, has the same sense of historical fairness as
Macaulay, and with him the Tories are gods and the Whigs devils. V.G.
C") He was only s. and h. ap. of Thomas, 1st Viscount Weymouth, and d.v.p. and
s.p.m., 20 Dec. 1708, aged 33. His father had obtained that peerage with a spec.
rem., failing his issue male, to his (the grantee's) brothers.
('^) " A lady of sweet temper, strict virtue, exemplary piety, goodness and conde-
scension." (Hearne's Collections, vol. viii, p. III). V.G.
('') An elder br., William, b. 7 Nov. 17 1 7, and hap. 2 Apr. 17 18, d. aged
4 months; and another, Fulke, h. 23 Oct. 17 18, and bap. i Apr. 1 7 19, d. aged
22 weeks and 6 days. V.G.
(') See note mb Charles, Earl Cadogan [1800].
(') In the writ of summons he is styled "Earl Brooke" [only], and on 11 July
1746 he took his seat accordingly.
(8) In the reign of George III, he acted with the Tories in the House of
Lords. V.G.
C') It is not clear how the House of Lords had cognizance of this creation.
(') On 7 Sep. 1759 the Earldom of Warwick, which had been conferred, 2 Aug.
161 8, on the family of Rich, became extinct, so that little more than two months
elapsed before it was regranted. It was natural enough that the owner of Warwick
Castle (whose ancestors had possessed that Castle above 100 years) should desire to be
made Earl of that county, but, though he was, as stated in Nicolas and Courthope,
unquestionably '■'■descended from Walter Beauchamp, Baron of Alcester and Powyck,
brother of William, Earl of Warwick," he was neither h. nor coh. of this cadet line
of Beauchamp {i.e. that of Powick), still less so of the heads of that house, the Earls
(Beauchamp) of Warwick, of whom indeed (though the issue of that long and illus-
trious line of Earls was "legion") he was, apparently, not even a descendant.
(') riz. A bear erect Argent, muzzled Gules, supporting a ragged staff of the first.
His motto (not unappropriate for one who by Royal grant and not by descent from the
old Earls of Warwick enjoyed not only their lands but their cognizance) was " Vix ea
336
BROOKE
self " and his lawful descendants, being Earls of Warwick." On 3 Feb.
1767 he presented a petition to the House of Lords that he and his heirs
should be enabled to use the title of Earl of Warwick o«/y, with the rank
of the patent of 7 July 1746, w'z. that which conferred the Earldom of
Brooke of Warwick Castle.^) F.S.A. 4 Feb. 1768. He m., 15 May
1742, at Park Place, in Remingham, Berks (spec. lie. at Fac. Off.), Eliza-
beth, da. of Lord Archibald Hamilton, by his 3rd wife, Jane, da. of James
(Hamilton), 6th Earl of Abercorn [S.J.C") He d. 6 July 1773, at Warwick
Castle, aged 53. Will pr. July 1773. His widow m. Gen. Robert Clerk,
whose will, dat. 24 Dec. 1796, was pr. 26 May 1797. She d. in Dover Str.,
24 Feb., and was bur. 6 Mar. 1 800, in her 80th year, in Westm. Abbey. Will
dat. 6 Feb., pr. 6 Mar. 1800.
EARLDOM.
n.
BARONY.
IX.
2 and 9. George (Greville), Earl Brooke
OF Warwick Castle, Earl of Warwick, ^c,
-1773. s. and h., b. in Warwick Castle, 16 Sep., and bap.
10 Oct. 1746, at St. Mary's, Warwick, the King,
George II, being (by proxy) one of his sponsors.
Matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) 24 Sep. 1764, and
subsequently at Edinburgh. (') F.R.S. 17 Dec. 1767; F.S.A. 14 Feb. 1768;
nostra voco." J. Horace Round remarks that the grant is based on the precedent of a
similar one to the Dudley Earls of Warwick, by whom the well-known Bear and Ragged
Staff was borne as a crest; and calls attention to the fact that the "Bear and Ragged Staff
was not the Crest of the Beauchamp Earls of Warwick (which was entirely different)
but their Badge and the Supporter of their coat of Arms." With respect, however, to
Ambrose (Dudley), Earl of Warwick, the case seems very different, as he was not only
a descendant, but the senior representative of Richard (Beauchamp), Earl of Warwick,
and was actually in rem. to the Earldom of Warwick, granted, in 1450, to (Richard
Nevill) the said Earl Richard's son-in-law. It is to be observed that the crest of Beau-
champ {viz. the demi swan, issuing out of a crest coronet) was early adopted, in lieu of
that of Greville, by the Lords Brooke.
(^) See Lords' Journals. No further proceedings appear to have been taken in the
matter of this (not unreasonable) petition, though the granting thereof would remedy
the anomaly of the family styling themselves " Earls of Warwick" (only) whilst taking
precedence as " Earls Brooke."
C') "Lord, Lord! what strange creatures there are amongus women. Lady War-
wick has come to England, was refused admittance at her Lord's House in Hill Street,
and has taken lodgings in Kensington." (Letter of Lady Dalkeith, 20 Aug. 1765)-
V.G.
(') " A very great and singular attention was paid to the education of this noble-
man by his late father, who, fearful of the corruptions which disgrace our great
seminaries of learning, consigned him to the care of the first historian of the age
[Robertson? or possibly Hume], to complete his moral as well as political character.
From Scotland he returned so well informed, and such an amiable manliness about
him, that the most flattering prognostications were made of his future eminence.
His travels did not in any great degree either improve or corrupt him,
and he has since remained a quiet inoffensive domestic character, little known but by
persons of taste and virtu." [Royal Register, 1780, vol. iv, p. 129). V.G.
BROOKE 337
M.P. (Tory) for Warwick, 1768-73; a Lord of Trade, 1770-74; Recorder of
Warwick 1 773 till his death. Lord Lieut, of co. Warwick, 1795 till his death ;
Col. of the Warwickshire Fencibles, 1795. He tn., istly, i Apr. 1 771, at St.
Geo., Han. Sq. (being then styled Lord Greville), Georgiana,('') da. of Sir
James Peachey, Bart, (afterwards cr. Baron Selsey), by Georgiana Caroline,
da. of Henry (Scott), ist Earl of Delorain. She, who was ^.11 Aug.
1752, and bap. at St. George's afsd., d. i Apr. 1772, in childbed, and was
bur. at St. Mary's, Warwick. He m., 2ndly, at the house of Earl Gower,
Whitehall, St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, 14 July 1776, Henrietta, da. of
Richard Vernon, of Hilton, co. Stafford, by Evelyn, Dowager Countess of
Upper Ossory [I.], da. of John (Leveson-Gower), ist Earl Gower. He
d. 2 May 18 16, aged 69, suddenly, in Green Str., Park Lane. Will pr.
i8i6.('') His widow, who was b. Aug. 1760, d. 22 Apr. 1838, at Brighton,
aged 78. Admon. May 1838 and Aug. 1857.
[George Greville, j/)!/^^ sometime Lord Greville, but, afterwards,
Lord Brooke, s. and h. ap. by ist wife, b. in St. James's Sq., 25 Mar., and
bap. 10 Apr. 1772, at St. Geo., Han. Sq. Ed. at Winchester. He d.
unm. and v.p., 2 May 1786, at Winkton, near Christchurch, aged 14.]
EARLDOM
in.
BARONY.
X.
3 and 10. Henry Richard (Greville), Earl
Brooke of Warwick Castle, Earl of War-
18 16. wick, (^c, 2nd, but ist surv. s. and h., being ist
s. by 2nd wife, b. 29 Mar. 1779. Ed. at Win-
chester. M.P. (Tory) (") for Warwick (town)
1802-16; Recorder of Warwick, 1816-35; Lord
Lieut, of CO. Warwick, 1822 till his death; K.T., 10 May 1827; Lord of
the Bedchamber, 1828 to Nov. 1830; cr. D.C.L. of Oxford, 10 June 1834;
Lord in Waiting, 1841-46. He w., 21 Oct. 18 16, at St. James's, Westm.,
Sarah Elizabeth, ('') widow of John George (Monson), Baron Monson of
(^) A J-Iength portrait of her by Romney was sold at Christie's in Feb. 1906 for
800 guineas. V.G.
C') He bought the Tachbrook estate, 2,500 acres, adjoining the park of Warwick
Castle. Hunting and planting were his chief pursuits. He appears to have been
extravagant and speculative, and to have completely ruined himself, though fortunately
for his descendants the estates were entailed. " The latter part of the Earl's life was
spent in penury, mortification and wretchedness." {Lives of Celebrated Persons, 1822,
vol. i, p. 427). "This peer has evinced a predominant taste for chymistry, and if we
mistake not greatly, a patent for a soap for the navy that will not curdle in salt water
was taken out in his name." [Biographical Index to the House of Lords, 1 808). V.G.
(^) He followed Wellington when he changed his views on the Catholic question
in 1829. V.G.
(f) " La maitresse de la maison [Warwick Castle] est la moindre convenable pos-
sible pour le lieu qu'elle habite. Elle a ete jolie sans etre belle . . . elle a un tour
d'esprit drole et nullement pose, ses habitudes de corps sont nonchalantes, et cette
petite femme grasse, paresseuse, oisive, ne parait nullement appelee a gouverner cette
vaste serieuse et presque formidable demeure." (Duchesse de Dino, Chronique, 10 Feb.
1834). V.G.
44
338
BROOKE
Burton, da. of John (Savile), 2nd Earl Mexborough of Lifford [I.],
by Elizabeth, da. and h. of Henry Stephenson, of East Burnham, Bucks.
She, who was b. 4 Feb. 1786, d. in Carlton Gardens, Midx., 30 Jan., and
was bur. 7 Feb. 1851, at Gatton, Surrey. "Will dat. 4 Mar. 1849, pr.
24 Apr. 1851. He d. at Warwick Castle 10, and was bur. 20 Aug. 1853,
at St. Mary's, Warwick, aged 74. Will dat. 3 Feb. 1851, pr. i Nov. 1853.
EARLDOM.
IV.
BARONY.
XI.
4 and II. George Guy (Greville), Earl
Brooke of Warwick Castle, Earl of War-
1853. WICK, yc, only s. and h., b. 28 Mar. 1818,
in Charles Str., and bap. at St. Geo., Han.
Sq. Matric. at Oxford (St. John's Coll.) 14 Sep.
1837; cr. M.A. 12 June 1839. M.P. (Conser-
vative) for South Warwickshire, 1 845-53 ; Yeomanry A.D.C. to the Queen,
1878 till his death. He entertained the Queen and the Prince Consort at
Warwick Castle in 1 8 58, and the Prince of Wales (Edward VII) and the Duke
of York (George V) in 1 892. He ;«., 1 8 Feb. 1 852, at St. Geo., Han. Sq.,
Anne, da. of Francis (Wemyss-Charteris-Douglas), Earl of Wemyss [S.],
by Louisa, da. of Richard (Bingham), 2nd Earl of Lucan [I.]. He d. at
Warwick, 2, and was bur. 6 Dec. 1 893, at St. Mary's there, aged 75. Will
dat. 2 July 1885 to 15 July 1893, pr. 9 Mar. 1894. His widow, who
was b. 29 July 1829, d. at 4 Berkeley Sq., 16, and was bur. 19 Aug. 1903,
at St. Mary's, Warwick, with her husband. Admon. 5 Oct. 1903.
EARLDOM.
V.
BARONY.
XII.
5 and 12. Francis Richard Charles Guy
(Greville), Earl Brooke of Warwick Castle
1893. [1746], Earl of Warwick [1759], and Baron
Brooke of Beauchamps Court [1621], ist s.
and h.; b. 9 Feb. 1853, at Carlton Gardens;
styled Lord Brooke from Aug. 1853 to Dec.
1893. Matric. at Oxford (Ch. Ch.) May 1873; M.P. (Conservative) for
East Somerset, 1879-85, and for Colchester 1888-92. Lord Lieut, of
Essex 1 90 1. He wz., 30 Apr. 188 i, in Westm. Abbey, Frances Evelyn,
1st da. and coh. of Col. the Hon. Charles Henry Maynard (only s. and h.
ap. of Henry, 3rd and last Viscount Maynard), by his 2nd wife, Blanche
Adeliza, da. of Henry FitzRoy. She, who was b. 10 Dec. 1861, at 27
Berkeley Sq., sue. her grandfather. Viscount Maynard, 19 May 1865, in
most of the estates of that family.('')
[Leopold Guy Francis Maynard Brooke, styled, since 1893, Lord
Brooke, i st s. and h. ap. ; /".at 16 Grosvenor Sq., i o Sep., and bap. 1 9 Oct.
1882, at the Chapel Royal, St. James's, H.R.H. the Duke of Albany
(Leopold) being one of the sponsors; ed. at Eton; 2nd Lieut. istLife
(f) She runs race-horses, and as far as can be gathered from her writing and talk-
ing is (19 12) a militant socialist. V.G.
BROOKE 339
Guards 3 Nov. 1900; served in S. African War 1 899-1 901 ;(') extra A.D.C,
to Lord Milner in S. Africa 1901-02; Reuter's Correspondent during
Russo-Jap. War 1904-05; M.V.O. (4th class) Nov. 1905; A.D.C. to the
Inspector Gen. of the Forces 1907. He m., 29 Apr. 1909, at St. Margaret's,
Westm., Elfrida Marjorie, only da. of Sir William Eden, 7th Bart., by
Sibyl Frances, da. of Sir William Grey, K. C.S.I. She was b. 5 June 1887.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1 883, consisted of 8, 262acres in co. Warwick,
and of 1,840 in Somerset. Total, 10,102 acres, valued at ;£i 8,336 a year.
Principal Residence. — Warwick Casde.
The estates of the Maynard family consisted, in 1883, of 8,617 acres in
Essex; 4,411 in co. Leicester; 802 in co. Northants, besides eight in co.
Cambridge and six in Midx. Total, 13,844 acres, valued at ;^20,ooi a year.
Principal Residence. — Easton Lodge, near Dunmow, Essex.
BROOKFIELD
See "BURDETT-COUTTS OF HiGHGATE AND BrOOKFIELD, CO. Mldx.,"
Barony; cr. 1871.
BROUGH, see BURGH otherwise BOROUGH
BROUGHAM AND VAUX OF BROUGHAM
BROUGHAM AND VAUX OF BROUGHAM AND
HIGHHEAD CASTLE
BARONY. I. Henry Brougham, ist s. of Henry B., of
I 18-^0 Brougham HalljC") by Eleanor, only child of the Rev.
(■Q James Syme, Minister of Alloa, co. Perth, and Mary,
1868. sister of William Robertson, D.D., the well-known
historian, was b. at the Cowgate, Edinburgh, 19, and
L i860. bap., as Henry Peter, 30 Sep. 1778, at St. Giles's there.
He was ed. at the High school, and at the Univ. of that
city; Advocate (Edinburgh) 1800; F.R.S. 3 Mar. 1803; Barrister (Line.
Inn), 1808. He sue. his father in the small family property, 13 Feb.
1 8 10. Having been since 181 1, the adviser of Caroline, Princess of
Wales, he was, on 22 Apr. 1820 (when she had become Queen), appointed
(*) For a list of peers and heirs ap. of peers who served in this war, see vol, iii.
Appendix B. V.G.
(•>) This Henry was son of another Henry B., a solicitor (agent for the Duke of
Norfolk's estates in Cumberland), who had inherited Brougham Hall from a relative
by whom it had been purchased from Mr. James Bird. {N. & Q., 5th Ser., vol. v,
p. 522). Brougham Hall (not to be confounded with the historic and grand old
ruin of Brougham Castle), was formerly called "The Bird's Nest" from having be-
longed to the Bird family, and was claimed by a member thereof, but the verdict at
the Appleby Assizes, 12 Sep. 1843, was against him.
340 BROUGHAM
her Attorney Gen.('') He defended her in her trial before the House of
Lords in the autumn of that year. K.C., 1827. For many years he took
a prominent part as a " Reformer," being M.P. (Whig) C") for Camel-
ford, 1810-12; for Winchelsea 1815-30; for Knaresborough Feb. to Aug.,
and subsequently for co. York, Aug.("') to Nov. 1 830. In that same year, on
the formation of Earl Grey's ministry, he was {per saltum) made, Nov. 1830,
for his political rather than his forensic ability. Lord Chancellor, and cr.,
22 Nov. 1830, P.C, and BARON BROUGHAM C^) ANDVAUXC) OF
BROUGHAM, Westmorland. He held office for 4 years, resigning it in
Nov. 1834, on the change of Ministry, at the restoration of which
(within six months) he was not re-instatedjO the Great Seal, which was for
a short while in commission, being conferred on Pepys, Master of the
Rolls. He was Lord Rector of the Univ. of Glasgow, 1824-26; Foreign
Assoc, of the Institute of France, 1833; President of Univ. Coll., London,
1836 till his death; Rector of Marischal Coll. Aberdeen, 1838-39 ; Chan-
cellor of the Univ. of Edinburgh 1859 till his death; D.C.L. Oxford i860;
LL.D. Cambridge 1862. From 1834 to i860 he was probably the most
active and best-known member of the House of Lords,(s) both in "Appeal "
if) " A few days before, he [had] received a proposal from Lord Liverpool offering
the Queen ;/^50,ooo a year on the same conditions [that he himself had] named the year
before [for a life annuity of only ;{^35,ooo, i.e."], that she should reside permanently
abroad, should consent to a separation and not use her husband's title. This propo-
sal he did not make known to the Queen, nor did Lord Liverpool become aware that
his proposal had been withheld from her until 10 June. Had Brougham delivered the
message with which he was entrusted, the whole scandal of the Queen's trial would
probably have been avoided. In that case, however, he would have lost the opportu-
nity of playing the most conspicuous part in a famous scene. He never gave any
satisfactory explanation of his conduct." [Diet. Nat. Biog.). See note sub Denman
for some account of the 11 Counsel engaged in this memorable trial.
C') He was, however, a bitter opponent of Melbourne's Govt., 1835-41. V.G.
("=) At this date he was also re-elected for Knaresborough. V.G.
(^) " He claimed to be descended from the De Burghams, the ancient Lords of
Brougham Castle, and from the Barons of Fau/x, [but] his pedigree cannot be traced
with certainty beyond Henry Brougham, described in 1665 as of Scales Hall, Cum-
berland, Gent., whose eldest son, John, in 1726, purchased a portion of the manor of
Brougham, Westmorland." [Did. Nat. Biog.). Lord Brougham's grandfather,
Henry, was a yr. br. of this John B., and sue. to his estate at his death, s.p., in 1 756.
See Quarterly Rev., vol. clxxvii, p. 403, Oct. 1893, referring to Gent. Mag. for 1848.
(^) His well-known cacoethes loquendi caused it to be said of this elaborate title that
it should have been " Vox et praterea nihil," V.G.
(*) The good-natured Melbourne's verdict on him is damning. " You domineered
too much, you interfered with other departments, you encroached upon the province
of the Prime Minister, you worked, as I believe, with the Press, in a manner unbe-
coming the dignity of your station, and you formed political views of your own, and
pursued them by means which were unfair towards your colleagues." V.G.
(f) In 1848, indeed, he desired to become a deputy in the French National
Assembly, but understanding that if he became a French citizen he must give up his
English rank and emoluments, he wisely withdrew his request. — Punch had a good
BROUGHAM 341
cases and otherwise. Having no issue to inherit his title, he was " in con-
sideration of eminent public serviceSjQ especially in the diffusion of
knowledge, the spread of education,(^) and the abolition of the Slave-
cartoon of him as " The Citizen of the World," depicting him in a vast variety of
characters. The Annual Register of 1 868 says truly of him that he was " A man so
many sided in his aspects; so multifarious in his tastes and studies; so superhuman in
his energy and industry, he was almost everything in turn — a Mathematician, an
Historian, a Biographer, an Essayist and Reviewer, a Physical Philosopher, a Moral
and Political Philosopher, an Educator of the People; a Lawyer [r], an Orator, a
Statesman [and] a Philanthropist." This list, moreover, might be considerably ex-
tended. He was emphatically what Dryden wrote of the Duke of Buckingham: —
" A man so various that he seem'd to be
Not one, but a/I mankind's epitome."
(*) These services were, however, more especially as to his law reforms, much
marred by his haste and self reliance. " His mind ranged over so wide an area that
he never acquired a thorough knowledge of any particular division of learning. It has
been said of him that ' Science was his forte, and omniscience his foible ';" and again,
" that if he had known a litt/e law he would have known a little of everything." William
Carpenter, in his Peerage for the People (no unfriendly critic of a radical Peer), says:
" Whenever the reforming lawyer tried his hand at any practical measure he miserably
failed. Oh! my Lord, you must be satisfied with the empty honour of talking about
what should be done; to accomplish what you have desiderated, and had the power of
realising, must be reserved for others!" And, again, " What Lord Brougham lacked
in learning he was desirous to make up for in haste." G.E.C.
The German poet Heine, who, when in England, interested himself in our Liberal
politicians, describes his very lean figure, and head with black hair lying flat on the
temples, long pale face, and twitching facial muscles, and his restless activity. The
Duchess de Dino, Talleyrand's niece, does not mince her words about him in her
Chronique, 28 May 1834. " Cet etrange Chancelier sans dignite, sans convenance,
sale, cynique, grossier, se grisant de vin et de paroles, vulgaire dans ses propos, malap-
pris dans ses fagons, venait diner ici en redingote, mangeant avec ses doits, me tapant
sur I'epaule, et racontant cinquante ordures. Sans les facultes extraordinaires qui le
distinguent comme memoire, instruction, eloquence et activity, personne ne le repous-
serait plus vivement que Lord Grey."
" Tall, thin, and commanding in figure, with a face which, however ugly, is full of
expression, and a voice of great power, variety, and even melody, notwithstanding his
occasional prolixity and tediousness, he is an orator in every sense of the word."
(GrevilU Memoirs, vol. iii, p. 338).
" Thersites of the House, Parolles of Law,
The double Bobadil takes scorn for awe." [Byron).
His name has been given to a form of close carriage still in general use, while a
greater statesman, Gladstone, is only godfather to a bag. Wellingtons, Bluchers,
Napoleons, Clarence (now obsolete), bobby, sandwich, spencer, peeler, and mackin-
tosh, are instances of similar nomenclature. V.G.
(^) i.e. Both by his numerous writings, and as one of the earliest Promoters of
"The Society for the diffusion of Useful Knowledge" (1827), and of "The London
University." In this last capacity he is (after the style of Rogero's song in The
Rovers in the Anti-facobirt), thus celebrated —
342 BROUGHAM
trade and Slavery," on 22 Mar. i860, cr. BARON BROUGHAM
AND VAUX OF BROUGHAM, Westmorland, AND OF HIGH-
HEAD CASTLE, Cumberland, with spec, rem., failing heirs male of his
body, to his br. " William Brougham^ Esquire." He w., i Apr. 1 8 1 9, at Cold-
stream, Mary Anne, widow of John Spalding, of the Holme, Wigtown, ist
da. of Thomas Eden, of Wimbledon, Surrey, (br. of William, ist Lord
Auckland) by Mariana, da. of Arthur Jones. She, who was b. Oct. 1785,
d. 12 Jan. 1865, at Brighton. He d.s.p.s., 7 May 1868, at his Chateau, at
Cannes,(^) in the South of France, in his 90th year, and was bur. in the ceme-
tery there, when the Peerage conferred on him in 1 830 became extinct, while
that conferred in i860 devolved as under. Will pr. 17 June 1868, under
;^2,000,
II. 1868. 2. William (Brougham), Baron Brougham AND Vaux
OF Brougham and of Highhead Castle, br. and, accord-
ing to the spec. rem. in the patent, h.C') to the title, b. 26 Sep. 1795. Ed.
at Jesus Coll. Cambridge; B.A. (Senior optime) 1819; M.A. 1822, and some-
time Fellow. Barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1823; M.P. (Whig) for Southwark
1831-34. One of the Masters in Chancery, Mar. 1831 till 1852. He m.,
12 Aug. 1834, at St. Geo., Han. Sq., Emily Frances, only da. and h. of Sir
Charles William Taylor, Bart. [1828], of Hollycombe, Sussex, by Char-
lotte, da. of John Poulett Thomson, of Roehampton, Surrey. She^. 8 Apr.
1884, at 21 Berkeley Sq., Midx. He d. 3 Jan. 1886, at Brougham Hall,
in his 91st year. Will pr. 15 Feb. 1886, above ;^ 11 6,000.
III. 1886. 3. HenryCharles(Brougham),Baron Brougham AND
Vaux OF Brougham and of Highhead Castle, s. and h.,
b. 2 Sep. 1836. Ed. at Eton, and at Trin. Coll. Cambridge. Clerk to the
House of Lords, 1857-86. K.C.V.O. 14 Oct. 1905. A Liberal Unionist.
He m., 18 Apr. 1882, at St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, Adora Frances Olga,
widow of Sir Richard Courtenay Musgrave, i ith Bart., da. of Peter W^ells,
of Forest Farm, Windsor, Berks, by his 2nd wife, Adora Julia, da. of Sir
John Hesketh Lethbridge, 3rd Bart.
"See one approach with triple cue —
Another such there's not in town —
Twisting his restless nose askew,
Hurrah, Hurrah! for Harry Brough:
ram, Lord Professor at the U:
:niversity we've got in town,
tniversity we've got in town."
He is the " Mr. Quicksilver, cr. Lord Blossom and Box," in Warren's Ten
Thousand a Tear. See note sub John, Earl Russell [1861].
(*) A good statue of him was erected there after his death. V.G.
(*>) He was not however heir male of the grantee inasmuch as he was the yst. s.
of his father, and the issue male of one ofhis elder brothers (John Waugh Brougham,
who d. 22 Sep. 1829) was still existing.
BROUGHAM 343
[Henry Brougham, only s. and h.,^. 26 May 1887. Sometime 2nd
Lieut. Coldstream Guards. He m., 13 July 1908, at St. Paul's, Knights-
bridge, Diana Isabel, ist da. of Humphrey Napier (Sturt), 2nd Baron
Alingtom, by Feodorowna, ist da. of Charles Philip (York.e), 5th Earl
OF Hardwicke. She was b. 3 Apr. 1884.]
Family Estates. — These, in 1 883, consisted of 1,369 acres in Cumberland,
valued at ;^905 a year, and of 985 acres in Westmorland, valued at ;{^ 1,646
a year: viz., 2,3 54 acres valued at £,i,^^\ a year. To this may now be added
the inherited lands of the family of Taylor: viz. 2,716 acres in Somerset and
9 in Hants, together valued at ;^4,587 ayear. — Total 5,076 acres valued at
;^7,I38 a year. Principal Residence: — Brougham Hall, near Penrith, West-
morland.
BROUGHTON
See " Bellenden of Broughton in Midlothian," Barony [S.], cr. 1 66 1 ;
extinct or dormant, 1 805.
BROUGHTON OF B R O UG H T O N - D E-
GYFFORD
BARONY. I. John Cam Hobhouse, s. and h. of Sir Benjamin
J jj H., Bart, (so cr. 1812, d. 14 Aug. 1831), by his ist
^ wife, Charlotte, da. and h. of Samuel Cam, of Chantry
„, House, in Bradford-on-A von, Wilts, was i-. 27 June 1786,
"■ at Redland, near Bristol, and bap. at Westbury-upon-Trym,
CO. Gloucester. Ed. at Westm. school, and at Trin. Coll. Cambridge;
B.A. 1808; M.A. 181 1. Was a partner in the house of "Whitbread and
Co.," Brewers, London. F.R.S. 1 9 May 1 8 14. A pamphlet which he wrote,
called A trifling mistake, reflecting on the House of Commons, was held to
be a breach of privilege, and he was in Dec. 18 19 committed to Newgate
on the Speaker's warrant, and remained there till Pari, rose in Feb. 1820.
Having adopted advanced Liberal views, which in later years were much
modified, he was elected M.P. for Westm. 1820-33; for Nottingham
1834-47, and for Harwich 1848-51. P.C. 6 Feb. 1832; and Sec. at
War 1832-33; Ch. Sec. for Ireland Mar. to May 1833; Ch. Com. of
Woods and Forests July to Nov. 1834: President of the Board of Control
1835-41 and again 1846-52. On 26 Feb. 1851, he was cr. BARON
BROUGHTON OF BROUGHTON-DE-GYFFORD,0 Wilts. G.C.B.
(civil), 23 Feb. 1852. He m., 28 July 1828, at 3 Cumberland Place (by
spec, lie), Julia Tomlinson, da. of George (Hay), 7th Marquess of Tweed-
(*) J. H. Round points out that the true name of this place is Broughton GifFord.
V.G.
344 BROUGHTON
DALE [S.], by Hannah Charlotte, da. of James (Maitland), Earl of Lauder-
dale [S.]. She (/. 3 Apr. 1835, of consumption, and was bur. with her
father at Tester. He d. s.p.m., 3 June 186 
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