Compositae newsletter

I

"'C€MIP€SllirAIE %

NEWSlL]EiririEIR

Number Three May 1976

Tod F. Stuessy, Editor, Department of Botany, Ohio State University, 1735 .Neil
Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, U.S.A.

LIBRARY

■ JUN 16 1976

EDITORIAL

NEW YORK
BOTANICAL CARD

To obtain information about current research projects in the Compositae plus
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^iv-" .3 3 1..^

ARTICLE

TYPES OF ASTERACEAE AT THE PHILADELPHIA ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES (PH)

Part II. Segregated types and selected authentic material of the Anthemideae,
Mutisieae, Calenduleae, Arctoteae, Cardueae and Senecioneae.

i- ..,(

James A. Hears , ^

Department of Botany, Academy of Natural Sciences, Nineteenth and The Parkway,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103, U.S.A.

For Part I of this article treating the Lactuceae, see issue Number Two of the
NEWSLETTER.

2.

ANTHEMIDEAE

Achillea arenicola Heller, A. chamaemelifolia var. heterophylla Sennen, A. falcara
var. breviradiata Boissier, A. lanulosa Nuttall, A. longii Schweinltz,
A. odorata f. subsericea Bomm. , A. millefolium f. strictifolium Sennen,
A. millefolium var. deliculata Sennen, A. sulphurea Boissier, A. tomentosa
Pursh, A. vermlcularls f. pallida Bornm. ;

Anthemis amasiana Hausskn. & Bornm. , A. cathioi Boissier, A. cupsniana Tcdaro,
A. mariae Sennen, A. prostrata Raflnesque, A. tetuanensis Pau;

Artemisia albida Ledebour, A. barrelieri var. eulaliae Sennen, A. borealis var.

latisecta Fernald, A. cana Pursh, A. cernua Nuttall, A. chitachensis Cosson,
A. coloinbiensis Nuttall, A. discolor Raflnesque, A. discolor var. ludoviciana
Nuttall, A. diversifolia Rydberg, A. dracunculoldes Pursh, A. flllfolia Kuttall,
A. follosa Nuttall, A. franserloides Greene, A. glauca var. latifolia
Ledebour, A. gnaphalodes Nuttall, A. granatensis Boissier ex DC, A. heterophyll
Nuttall, A. holosericea Ledebour, A. incompta Nuttall, A. integrifolia Pursh,
A. laciniata var. glabriuscula Ledebour, A. latifolia Ledebour, A. lemoergl
Sennen, A. longifolia Nuttall, A. ludoviciana Nuttall, A. macrantha Ledebour,
A. macrobotrys Ledebour, A. multlcaulis Ledebour, A. nuttalliana Besser, A.
obtuslloba var. fruticulosa Ledebour, A. obtusiloba var. glabra Ledebour,
A. parishii Gray, A. pedatlfida Nuttall, A. porterl Cronqulst, A. prlnglel
Greenm. , A. pumlla Nuttall, A. pycnorhiza Ledebour, A. redolens Gray, A.
rothrockii Gray, A. sacrorum Ledebour, A. serrata Nuttall, A. spithamea Pursh,
A. succulenta Ledebour, A. tridentata Nuttall, A, trlflda Nuttall, A. vlolacea
Ledebour;

Athanasia crassifolla Schlechter;

Chrysanthemum fruticulosum Ledebour, C. sinatum Ledebour; Cotula af finis Schlechter,
C. fillpes Schlechter, C. hemlsphaerica Wallich, C. hippilfolia Schlechter,
C. melaleuca Bolus;

Eriocephalus hoffmannianus Schlechter, E. sessilis Schlechter, E. xerophilus
Schlechter;

Lasiospermum schlechterl Bolus; Leucanthemum cantabricum Sennen & Leroy;

Maruta microcephala Schrenk;

Otochlamys pedunculata Schlechter;

Pentzia rupestris Schlechter; Plagiocheilus erectus Rusby; Pteranthus suanereus
Nuttall; Pyrethrum ambiguum Ledebour, P. anserinaefolium Bornm. & Hausskn.,
P. bornmullerl Hausskn., P. corymbosum var. minor Sennen, P. germanlcopolitanum
Bornm. & Hausskn., P. haussknechtll Bornm., P. heterophyllum Hausskn. ,
P. kermanense Bornm., P. paradoxum Bornm., P. pulchrun Ledebour;

Santolina suaveolens Pursh;

Tanacetum bajacalifornicum Mdran, T. fruticulosum Ledebour, T. huronense Nuttall,
T. huronense var. floccosum Raup, T. nubigena Wallich.

l-IUTISIEAE

Barnadesia Inermis Rusby; Berardia tulbaghensls Schlechteri

Chaptalia triangularis Rusby 5 Chuquiragua venosa Rusby;

Gerbera wilmsii Volkens;

Hecastocleis shockleyi Grayj

Leria madia Grisebach;

Moquinia boliviana Rusby; Mutisia comptoniaefolia Rusby;

Perezia capitata Watson, P. cuernavacana Rob. & Greenm. , P. grandifolia Wats.,
P. lozani Greenm., P. mandonii Rusby, P. michoacana Rob., P. nana Gray,
P. oxylepis Sch. Bip. ex Gray, P. paniculata Gray, P. parryi Gray, P.
schaffneri Gray, P. sublyrata Domke, P. thyrsoides Gray, P. wrightii Gray;
Proustia portoricensis Gray;

Trixis denticulata Dusen, T. hyposericea Watson.

CALEiroULEAE

Calendula parviflora Rafinesque;

Osteospermum tanacetifolium Macov;an;

Tripteris asteroides Schlechter, T. naaiaquensis Schlechter.

ARCTOTEAE

Arctotis namaquensis Schlechter, A. parvifolia Schlechter, A. sulcocarpa Schlechter;

Berkheya angusta Schlechter, B. namaquana Schlechter;

Ursinia arenicola Schlechter, U. brevicaulis Schlechter, U. Katricarifolia Bol.
ex Dinter, U. namaquensis Bol., U. oreogena Schlechter, U. psammcphila
Schlechter.

CARDUEAE

Arctium degeni var. tibidatensis Sennen;

Carduus attenuatus Nuttall, C. baeocephalus Webb & Bertholet, C. cronius var.
glabratus Halacsy, C. guadarramica Sennen, C. pennsylvanicus Nuttall,
C. pumilus Nuttall, C. radicatus Heller, C. undulatus Nuttall; Carlina
corymbosa var. crassibracteata Sennen;

4.

Centaurea americana Nuttall, C. aurigerana Setinen, C. bornmuelleri Hausskn.,
C. castellana var. asperrima Sennen, C. ccrvantesii Senaen, C. chilense
Nuttall, C. collina var. subinermis Senaen, C. cyanus var. denudata Suksdorf,
C. deusta var. heterochlamyda Sennen, C. dracunculifolla var. llnearifolia
Sennen, C. granatensis Bolss. ex DC, C. incana Tenore, C. kermanens is Bornm. ,
C. leucophaea Jord. & Sennen, C. linifolia f. elongata Sennen, C. macrolopha
Sennen, C. maroti Sennen, C. myriocephala var. erythracantha Bornm., C. paui
var. murcica Sennen, C. polytricha Sennen, C. psephelloides Freyn. & Slnt.,
C. sibirica Ledebour, C. sicula Nuttall;

Chamaepeuce afra f. pallescens Freyn.,

Cirsium boissieri Freyn. & Bornm., C. clokeyi Blake, C. hookerianum Nuttall, C.
lecontei Torrey & Gray, C. megacanthum Nuttall, C. mutlcum f. lactoflorum
Fernald, C. nebraskensis var. discissum Lunell, C. occidentalls Nuttall,
C. pinetorum Greenm. , C. rothrockii Gray, C. texanum Buckley, C. wallichli DC;

Cnicus arizonicus Gray, C discolor Muhl. ex Willd., C excelsior Rob., C fontlnalis
Greene, C imbricatus Rob. & Greenm., C llnearifolius Watson, C pringlei
Watson, C pumilus Torrey, C rothrockii Gray, C tolucanus Rob. & Greenm.,
C velatus Watson;

Cousinia carthamoides Aitchison & Hensley, C larvea Winkl. & Bornm., C. longifolla
Winkl. & Bornm, ;

Echinops heteocephalus Freyn., E. huteri Bornm., E. villosissimum var. lalesarensls
Bornm. ;

Onopordon murcicum Sennen;

Phaeopappus freynii Hausskn. & Sint., P. sintenisii Stapf ex Hand.-Ilazz. ;

Saussurea alpina DC, S. amara DC, S. cana Ledebour, S. discolor

Ledebour, S. foliosa Ledebour, S. frelowel Ledebour, S. glomerata Ledebour,
S. gossypina Wallich, S. graminifolia Wallich, S. latifolia Ledebour,
S. obvallata Wallich, S. pulchella Fischer ex DC , S. pycnocephala
Ledebour, S. rigida Ledebour, S. serrata DC; Serratula glauca Ledebour.

SENECIONEAE

Arnica chandler! Rydberg, A. foliosa Nuttall, A. fulgens Pursh, A. grlscomi
Fernald, A. lanceolata Nuttall, A. louiseana Farr, A. menziesii Nuttall,
A. oregana Nuttall, A. parryi Gray, A. plantaginea var. longii Fernald,
A. pulchella Fernald, A. obtusifolia var. acuta Raup, A. spathulata Greene
[plus 505 photographs and microphotographs in the type folder] ;

Brachyglottis repandra Forster;

Cacalia ampullacea Greenm., C brachycoma Blake, C. decompositae Gray, C

graciliflora Wallich, C lanceolata Nuttall, C megaphylla Rob. & Greenm.,
C michoacana Rob., C palmeri Greene, C paucicapitata Rob. & Greenm.,
C peltata var. conzattii Rob. & Greenm., C peltata var. coulteri Rob. &
Greenm., C platylepis Rob. & Greenm., C pringlei Wats., C renifornis Muhl.
ex Willd., C suffulta Greenm., C tuberosa Nuttall; Cineraria atropurpurea
Ledebour, C macrophylla Ledebour, C robusta Ledebour, C thyrsoidea Ledebour;

5.

Erechtites megalocarpa Fernaldj E. simplex var. blflora Rafinesque: Euryops

decipiens Schlechterj E. dieisianus Schlechter, E. hof fraannianus Schlechter,
E. namaquenis Schlechter, E. rupestris Schlechter;

Liabum angustissimun Gray, L. biattenuatum Rusby, L. curvinum Rob., L. giganteum
Rusby, L. klattli Rob. & Greenn. , L. palmeri Gray, L. perfoliatum Blake,
L. prlnglei Rob. & Greenm. , L. rusbyi Britton, L. stipulatum Rusby, L.
wrightli Grlsebachj

Othonna floribunda Schlechter, 0. linlfolia var. laminata Schlechter, 0. nana
Schlechter, 0. primulina Schlechter;

Raillardella argentea Gray, R. prlnglei Greene;

Senecio actinella Greene, S. acuminatus Wallich, S. adonidifolius var. gracilis
Sennen, S. alata Wallich, S. albonervius Greene, S. amplectens Gray,
S. ampullaceus Hooker, S. andersonii Clokey, S. antaicochensis Cuatrec, S.
appendiculatus f. concolor Bornra. , S. appendiculatus f. longifolia Borran. , S.
appendiculatus var. leucantha f. appendiculata Bornm., S. appendiculatus var.
leucantha f. auriculata Bornm. , S. arequipense Cuatrec. , S. arkansanus
Nuttall, S. arnicoides Wallich, S. attenuatus var. microphyllus Britton, S.
balsamitae Muhl. ex Willd., S. bangii Rusby, S. biacuminatus Rusby, S.
bigelovii var. hallii Gray, S. bombycopholis Bullock, S. californicus Nuttall,
S. centrcpappus von Mueller, S. chaoalensis Watson, S. chapalensis var.
areolatus Watson, S. chihuahuensis Watson, S. clavifolius Rusby, S.
clevelandii Greene, S. convallium Greene, S. coroicensis Rusby, S. ctenophyllus
Greene, S. cupulatus Volkens & Musch., S. cymbalarioides Nuttall, S.
diversifolia Wallich, S. ervendbergii Greenm., S. farriae Greenm., S.
fastigiatus Schweinitz ex Elliot, S. fendleri Gray, S. fendleri var.
sub Integra Greene, S. ganderi Barkley & Beauchamp, S. gracllipes Rob. &
Greenm., S. grossidens Dusen, S. guadalajarensis Rob., S. harbourii Rydberg,
S. harfordi Piper, S. hartianus Heller, S. hoffmannii var. panamensis
Greenm., S. holanii Greene, S. idahoensis Rydberg, S. integerrimus Nuttall,
S. janesonii Spruce ex Klatt, S. kunthiana Wallich, S. laciniosus Wallich,
S. lamprocephalus Schlechter, S. lemmonii Gray, S. lividus var. sabronensis
Sennen, S. longipedunuclatus Volkens, S. macdougali Heller, S. maderensis
f. aurita Bornm., S. maderensis var. exauriculata Bornm., S. madrensis Gray,
S. magellensis Tenore, S. mohavensis Gray, S. monensis Greene, S. montereyana
Watson, S. murrayi Bornm., S. neomexicanus var. mutabilis Barkley, S.
obovatus Muhl. ex Willd., S. palmeri Gray, S. pauciflorus Pursh, S.
pauperculus Michx. , S. pectiodes Rusby, S. peninsularis Vasey & Rose, S.
petasitoides Greenm., S. polyphlebius Grisebach, S. prlnglei Gray, S.
prionopteris Rob. & Greenm., S. pseudaureus var. anticostiensis Victorin,
S. psidifolius Rusby, S. pterocaulis Greenm., S. purshianus Nuttall,
S. quercetorum Greene, S. renifolius Porter & Coulter, S. rhizomatus
Rusby, S. rusbyi Greene, S. saxosus var. toiyabensis Greene, S. scribneri
Rydberg, S. silphiaefolia Harshberger, S. sinapoides Rusby, S. smallii
Britton, S. soldanella Gray, S. spectabilis Wallich, S. sprucei Britton,
S. squalidus var. chrysanthemifolius Todaro, S. squalidus var. aetnensis
Todaro, S. stipulatus Wallich, S. suavis Lunell, S. subdentatus Ledebour,
S. suffultus var. microcephalus Gibson, S. surculosus Macowan, S. tabaclfolius
Rusby, S. thurberi Gray, S. trachyphyllus Schlechter, S. umbraculi-
fera Watson, S. vagus von Mueller, S. valisgratiae Bolus, S. viscosus f.
nana Sennen, S. vulgaris f. nana Schur, S. v/allichii DC, S. wilmsii Volkens,
S. wrightii Greenm., S. yungasenis Britton; Stelrodiscus schlechteri Bolus;

Tussilago macrophylla Wallich.

BOOK REVIEWS

A Revision of the Macaronesian Ganus Argyrant heiaiim Webb ex Schultz Bip. (Compositae-
Anthemideae). C. J, Hucpharies. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)
Botany 5(4): 147-240. 1976.

The genus Argyranthemum contains 22 species endemic to the llacaronesian
archipelagoes of the Canary and Salvage Islands and Madeira. Its history is one
of radical treatments, having been divided into five genera at one extreme or
regarded as a minor section of the heterogeneous Chrysanthemum sensu lato at the
other. With a vjealth of data now available on morphology, fruit anatomy, embryo-
sac development, flavonoid and polyacetylenic chemistry, etc., it appears that
stability and naturalness in generic delimitation in the Chrysanthemum complex is
nearing fruition.

Humpharies provides what appears to be an excellent treatment of a poorly known
group of narrow insular endet:5.c3 most of which have restricted ecological preferences
This revision, based on herbarium, transplant garden, and field (for the Canary
Island taxa) studies, follows a traditional format with: an historical account of
Argyranthemum and closely related genera; a discussion on its position within the
Anthemldeae with a useful table comparing morphological, anatomical, and biogeo-
graphlcal data for the segregate genera of the Chrysaathemum complex; a discussion,
often illustrated, concerning the range of variation and utility in classification
of the relevant morphological characters; a summairy of chromosome numbers in the
genus and in the subtribe Chrysantheminae; and a review of relationships within
and between the five sections with commentary on their geographical distributions
and ecologies. Also provided are keys to, adequate descriptions of, and specimen
citations, distribution maps, and ecological data for the species and subspecies.
Seven taxa are described as new and illustrated, i^nd 22 ncmenclaLural combinations
are made. — Ronald L. Hartman, Department of Botany, Ohio State University,
1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, U.S.A.

Cassini on Compositae [ , ] collected from the Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles

and arranged V7ith an Introduction and an index by Robert M. King and Helen W. Dawson.

vol. 1, pp. [I] - XXXIX, [1] - 636; vol. 2, pp. [I - IV], 637 - 1330; vol. 3,

pp. [I - IV], 1331 - 1963, I - XXXVII. New York, Oriole Editions, 1975. Price

$100.00.

Henri Casslnl was a French aristocrat who was one of the most prolific writers
on the Compositae during the 19th Century. His Opuscules Phytolcgiques (1826 - 1834)
included more than 1200 pages, and the articles from the Dictionary, as now
published, occupy almost 2000 pages more. For sheer volume his chief rival in
the literature of the Compositae seems to have been A. P. de Candolle, whose
treatment of Compositae in the Prodromus (1836 - 38) covered more than 1700 pages
of small print.

Cassini 's work, however, was notable for more than its volume. He was the
first who undertook a general revision and redistribution of the Compositae; he
rearranged the most of the family (except for the Cichorieae) upon new principles.
He divided the family into tribes, along lines that are still in great part followed.
He was the first to make use of the modifications of the style and anthers in the
general systematic arrangement of the family, and he clearly showed the functions

7.
of the collecting hairs and papillae. His understanding of the natural relation-
ships among the tribes and genera was ahead of his time.

George Bentham, himself one of the great students of Compositae, had a high
opinion of Cassini's work, but deplored some of his characteristics associated
with undue attention to detail (J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 13: 338 - 339. 1873):

"... in working out the details of the genera in the 'Dictionnaire' , he
indulged in an enormous and useless multiplication of generic names, which only
tended to throw the nomenclature into confusion, and cast a slur upon all his
labours. Wherever he observed a slight difference in the involucre, pappus, or
general aspect, or could not readily identify an imperfect specimen, an engraved
figure, or a description often incorrect, he at once set it doTim as a new genus,
and has thus, more than any other botanist of equal ability, overloaded the science
V7ith useless synonyms. So recklessly, indeed, did he give way to this mania of
coining new names, that he on many occasions proposed two, or even three, for the
same genus, leaving future botanists to take their choice".

As if to soften these remarks, Bentham goes on to say, in speaking of his
ovm work (I.e. 344):

". . . my chief labour has been the testing and verifying or reconciling the
observations of others. . . The principal changes I have proposed in the general
methods of Lessing and DeCandolle were determined upon and worked out long before
I was aware that they were in a great measure a return to that of Cassini. The
confusion which his multiplication of names had produced, and the unusual terminology
of his descriptions, had excited in my mind a prejudice against him, until, after
completing my work of detail, I cane to study his generalizations, which showed
how much better his views of affinities coincided vyith mine than those of his
successors". (It is interesting to notice that Harold Robinson, in a recent review
of Cassini on Compositae [Taxon 25: 166. Feb 1976], considers Cassini's insights
in some respects superior to Bentham's!).

In order to document Bentham's statement about Cassini's enthusiasm for new
names, it may be noted that in Dalla Torre & Harms' Genera Siphonogamarum (1905 -
1906), there are listed 901 genera of Compositae recognized as valid by Hoffmann
in Engler & Prantl. Of these about 85, were first named and described by Cassini.
Dalla Torre & Harms also list at least 303 generic names proposed by Cassini but
later relegated to synonymy.

King and Dawson have done a considerable service by bringing together in 3
volumes all the hundreds of Cassini's articles (898 according to their count) on
Compositae (and incidentally Calyceraceae) that were originally scattered through
the 60 volumes of Cuvier's Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturellcs between 1816 and
1830. Access to the material is important not only to those wishing to consult
diagnoses of newly proposed species and genera, but also to those who are interested
in Cassini's speculations about classification and natural relationships.
Individual articles are difficult to find in the original Dictionary, even for
those fortunate enough to have a copy of this multi-volume work in their libraries.
Cassini's arrangement of material was far from systematic. Theoretically the
Dictionary is alphabetically arranged, but since the basic sequence is according
to French vernacular names, the Latin generic names are sometimes found in
unexpected places (e.g. Xanthium under Lampourde) . Further, Cassini was prone to
revise articles in unexpected places, or to provide new discussions on genera
under his articles on tribes or larger groupings or, as pointed out in the
introduction to this new collection, to plan deliberately to insert articles out
of sequence in order to gain time for their preparation.

8.

The present work is a boon to those who do not have easj' access to the
Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles . Any student of Synantherology (as Cassini
liked to call it) will find much to interest him. I am tempted to say, if he can
find it . If I have a serious fault to find with Cassini on Compositae it is that
the index is deficient. This may seem a strange criticism of an index that occupies
37 closely printed pages, that is easy to read, and that lists even the most
trivial references to generic names. The clue may be found in the introduction
by King and Dawson to the first voliuae (p. XII), where the authors quote Cassini's
own remarks on the peculiar placement of his major articles on classification: The
synopsis of the Coreopsidae is under Zinnia in the Dictionary; the synopsis of the
family as a whole, presumably one of the author's more valuable contributions, is
lost in the Dictionary under Zyegee, Zoegea . The index to Cassini on Compositae
lists names of genera and species only, and there is no way to locate general
articles, even those on individual genera, without an undue amount of searching.
For example, there are 31 different pages listed for the name Buphthalmum , but
no reference to the fact that the principal discussion of the genus Bupthalmum
is in the article on Nauplius , not in its proper alphabetical order in the Dictionary
The index could have been vastly improved by the addition of a relatively few
entries referring to suprageneric groupings, and to major (as opposed to incidental)
mentions of generic groups. The latter could have been accomplished easily by the
use of special type-faces (e.g. boldface).

In spite of these deficiencies, the index is an exhaustive one reflecting an
enormous amount of work. A less comprehensive index of generic names would have
been far less useful, because Cassini sprinkled references to generic similarities
and generic relationships throughout his texts; anyone interested in his views on
systematic arrangements will be well advised to peruse all the references to the
particular group that may be under consideration. Relatively few generic names,
even unimportant ones, are cited only once in the index; many have more than 20
entries.

Cassini on Compositae is well bound; the volumes lie open at any desired
place. The paper appears to be of good quality. The text, reproduced photo-
graphically without reduction in size from the individual articles in the Dictionary,
has been carefully cut and pasted in such a V7ay as to appear continuous; volume-
and page-numbers from the Dictionary have been typed in the margins, opposite the
first line of each new article or each new page, as appropriate. Page numbers for
the new volumes have been typed in the upper comers. Unfortunately the facsimile
is marred by a print-job of poor quality.

The compilers include a word of apology for the appearance of some of the
pages, on the ground that they were working with photo-copies made from volumes
that were old and sometimes in bad condition. I have not found any pages that
are actually illegible, although parts of pages 228 and 1601 are almost so, but
much of the text is too heavily inked and blurred. Very often the lines become
overly black and out of focus near the bottoms of pages of the original work, as if
the camera had been rather consistently out of adjustment (see, for example, pages
370 - 371) . Sometimes the inner margins of right-hand pages from the original
work are distorted (see page 83), indicating that the page was not flat when
photographed. The printed text in the facsimile is consistently poorer than the
clear fine type in the original, judging, at least, from that in the one copy I
have consulted. If the new pages are not handsome, the fault would appear to be not
with the original, but with the quality of the reproduction.

9.

The work begins with an introduction of 7 pages » most of which is devoted to
an account of Cassini's life and work. A sample of Cassini's handvjriting is
included, and a table giving the dates of publication of the 60 volumes of the
Dlctionnaire . The introduction is followed by a section comprising 12 black and
white plates identified by the compilers only as "illustrations of new species
described by Cassini in the Dlctionnaire " (in fact only one plate, that of Caeles-
tina caerulea , represents a nev7 species; the other 8 species illustrated were
originally described by Linnaeus, Willdenow, Cavanilles, Jussieu, or DeCandolle,
and the 3 remaining plates are intended to illustrate tribal characters or
tribal relationships in the Compositae) . The plates were first published in
the Dlctionnaire , and a little later in the first volume of Cassini's Opuscules
(1826) . Those pertaining to individual species are cited in Index Londinensis ,
from both the above publications. Cassini himself (Opusc. 1: Ixiii) lists the
plates by name and number, and in another place (Opusc. 1: 228) gives some
details concerning the dates of publication (1816 - 17) in the third and fifth
livraisons of the Atlas accompanying the Dictionary. In the index to the Atlas
it is stated that plates 83 - 87, 89 - 91 5 and 93, appeared in livraison ["cahlsr"]
3, plate 94 in cahier 5, plate 88 in cahier 33, and plate 92 in cahier 37. Neither
in the Dlctionnair e nor in the Opuscules do the plates bear printed numbers.

Because the arrangement of the plates in the Atlas differs from that employed
by Cassini, and still another arrangement is used in Cassini on Compositae , the
following tabular summary may be useful. I have also included from the Atlas the
cross-references to the pertinent texts in the Dictionary itself:

Description
of Plate

Tribal affinities in
the Compositae

Number in Diet.
Sci. Nat. Planch.
Bot. Dicot.

Textual reference
in Diet. Sci. Nat.
Planch. Bot. Dicot.

Number in
Cassini's
Opuscule s

83

51: 443

Page number
in Cassini
on Compositae

XVII

Tribal characters,
Vernoniees to
Ambrosiacees

84

51: 443

XIX

Tribal characters,
Mlianthees to
Lactuc^es

85

51: 443

XXI

Florestina pedata
(Hellanth^es)

86

17: 156

XXXIX

Cladanthus arabicus
(Anthemidees)

Chrysanthemum indicum
(Anthemidees)

Agathaea coelestls
(Asterees)

Callistemma hortensis
(Asterees)

87

88

89

90

9:

343

9:

152

IS:

78

3

254

6S:

45

45:

27

11

XXXI

XXIX

XXIII

XXV

10.

Emilia flammea

(Seneclonees) 91

Dumerilia paniculata

(Nassauviees) 92

Caelestina caerulea

(Eupatoriees) 93

Cryptocarpha tribuloides

(Fam. Boopideea) 94

14 : 405

13: 553

6S;

12:

12

85

10

XXXVII

XXXV

XXVII

XXXIII

Capsule opinion: Cassini on Compos itae will provide for synantherologists
an indispensable and convenient index to the generic and specific names published
by Cassini. Those who wish to know what Cassini thought and how he arrived at
his conclusions, will still have to hunt throxigh a mass of verbiage, but now all
under one set of pages. The price seems high, especially since the quality of
the reproduction is so poor. - - Rogers McVaugh, University Herbarium, University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mchigan 48109, U.S.A.

A Revision of the Genus Archibaccharis Heering (Compositae: Astereae). J. D.
Jackson. Phytologia 32:81-194. 1975.

A revision of a long-neglected and poorly understood genus is a v7elcome
addition to botanical literature. J. D. Jackson has provided the first comprehensive
study of the Mexican and Central American genus Archibaccharis . Based upon both
field and herbarium studies. Dr. Jackson has recognized a total of 28 taxa
representing 22 species, and has divided Archibaccharis into two sections. Because
little is known concerning the biological relationships within the genus, the taxa
are separated mainly upon morphology. Chromosome reports (all n = 9) are listed for
16 taxa. The revision includes keys to species and varieties, synonymy, detailed
descriptions, range maps. Illustrations of floral features, and lists of exsiccatae.

It is unfortunate that Jackson's matiuscrlpt was not more thoroughly reviewed.
Reviewers' comments most probably would have led to some major Improvements and
eliminated some of the minor Inconsistencies. The most critical measure of a
revision's value is its usability by other members of the botanical community.
Keys in particular should be lucid and as definitive as possible. Jackson's keys,
regrettably, are almost unworkable. Major leads are sometimes ambiguous and
dependent upon features not readily apparent from dry specimens (e.g., A. Plants
subscandent ... vs. AA. Plants scandent ...), often are reliant upon ill-defined
and subjective pubescence terminology (e.g., puberulous, vlllosulous, tomentulous,
pllosulous-villosulous , pilosulous, etc.), and throughout are weighted down by
exceptions. One dichotomy, F and FF (pp. 102, 103) is so complex and confusing
as to be virtually unintelligible. Even in a genus as variable as Archibaccharis ,
surely a more definitive key could have been constructed. Much to be preferred
would have been a key with shorter, mutually exclusive couplets. Where necessary,
extremely variable taxa should be keyed out more than once.

The illustrations of floral characters are diagrammatic and appear to have
been hastily prepared. The achenes of Archibaccharis bear conspicuous carpopodia,
but these are not shown in the figures. The illustration of a filiform corolla
of A. subsessilis shows the smallest known ligule size, whereas the key contrasts
this species with others on the basis of Its relatively large ligules. Several
figures are very wasteful of space which could have been used more profitably to
illustrate other diagnostic features.

11.

Tlie section dealing v/ith pollen appears superfluous. No taxonomic conclusions
were drawn from this information, and the pollen measurements were repeated in the
various species and varietal descriptions. Scanning electron microscope studies
of the pollen might reveal taxonomically useful information.

Despite its detrimental aspects. Dr. Jackson's paper is an important contribu-
tion. Archibaccharis is a variable and complex genus, and Jackson has sorted this
variability into an apparently logical classification. It is through revisionary
studies of this sort that areas iri need of further investigation may be pinpointed.
Much about Archibaccharis remains to be known, particularly regarding its relation-
ship to Conyza on one hand and Baccharis on the other. — David J. Keil, Department
of Botany and Microbiology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281.

NEWS FROM INDIVIDUALS AND INSTITUTIONS

Dr. Josephine Koster (Oegstgeest, Netherlands) kindly points out two errors
regarding her research activities in the NEWS section of the last number of the
NEWSLETTER. Tetramolopium was inadvertently listed as bein,g in the Inuleae rather
than in the Astereae, and Dr. Koster has not yet finished her treatment' of the
Heliantheae for New Guinea, but rather is just beginning it.

From Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A., comes notice of several
research projects: (1) Greg K. Brown (Master's research), Cytotaxonomic studies
of Platyschkuhria (Helenieae) ; (2). David J. Keil (postdoctoral). Monographic
studies of Pectis (Helenieae), Systematic studies of Hydropectis (Helenieae), A
new species of Chrysactinia (Helenieae) ' from Sinaloa, Mexico; (3) David J. Keil
and Donald J. Pinkava, Chromosome numbers of Compositae of the United States and
Mexico; and (4) Pinkava and Keil, A new species in Flaveriinae from the Grand
Canyon, Arizona. Two additional studies have been completed recently but are still
unpublished: (1) Roy C. Brown (Ph.D. thesis), Biosystematic studies of Baileya
and Psilostrophe (Helenieae); and Richard K. Brovra (Master's thesis), Tragopogon
(Lactuceae) of Arizona. .

12.

RECENT LITERATURE

GE1>IERAL

Camnij E. L. , Towers, G.H.N, and
Mitchell, J.C.

UV-mediated antibiotic activity
of some Compositae species.
Phytochemistry . 14(9) :2007-2011(1975)

1-7 -Key.

3
Cassini, Kenri

Cassini on Compositae, collected
from Dlctionaire des Sciences
Naturelles, [1816-1830], and
arranged with an introduction and
index by Robert M. King and Helen W.
Dav7son. New York, Oriole Editions,
1975. 3v. --Fr; illustration, 5
portrait. [See review on p. 6

1-7 of this issue],

Keil, D.J. and Stuessy, T.F.

Chromosome counts of Compositae
from the United States , Mexico
and Guatemala. Rhodora , 77(810):171- 4
3,4 195(1975).

Marticorena, C. and Quezada, M.

Compuestas nuevas o interesantes
para Chile. Bol. Soc. Biol .
Concepcidn . 48:99-108(1974) - (En);

4 illustrations.

4
Tatintseva, S.S.

Obrazovanie 1 razvitie spermiev
u nekotorykh pokrytosemyannykh: 1.
Poaceae (Gramineae) : 2. Asteraceae
(Compositae) . (Formation and
development of spermia in some
angiosperms: 1. Poaceae (Gramineae):
2. Asteraceae (Compositae )). Bot. 4
Zhurn., 60(12): 1707-1720(1975) -

1-7 (En) .

Vasanthy, G.

Structure et nomenclature de la 3
parol spore-pollinique: Asteraceae.
In Association des Palynologues de
Langue Francaise. Structure et
terminologie de la parol sporo-
1-7 pollinique: 44-48(1975).

For an explanation of the format of these 7
references, see issue Number Two of the
NEWSLETTER.

VERNONIEAE

Ward, D. 3.

Contributions to the flora of
Florida: 7. Elephantopus , Pseudo-
elephantopus (Compositae) . Castanea ,
40(3) :213-217 (1975) - Dot maps; keys.

EUPATORIEAE

King, R.M. and Robinson, H.

New species of Stomatanthes from
Africa (Eupatorieae, Compositae).
Kew Bull. , 30(3):463-465(1975) -
Illustrations.

King, R.M. and Robinson, H.

Studies in the Eupatorieae
(Asteraceae): 146. Two new species
of Fleischmannia from Central
America. Phytologia . 31(4) :305-31Q
(1975) - Illustrations.

King, R.M. and Robinson, H.

Studies in the Eupatorieae
(Asteraceae): 147. Additions to
the genera Amboroa, Ayapanopsis ,
and Hebeclinium in South America.
Phytologia . 31(4) :311-316(1975) -
Illustrations.

ASTEREAE

Cuatrecasas, J.

Miscellaneous notes on neotropical
flora: 7. Phytologia , 31(4) :317-
333(1975). Diplostephium . Senecio,
Espeletia .

Dress, W.J.

Nomenclatural notes for Hortus
Third: Compositae. Baileya , 19(4):
166-167(1975). Pityopsis .

Given, D.R.

Celmisia spedeni G. Simpson and
Celmisia thomsoni Cheeseman - two
rediscovered species . New Zealand J .
Bot., 13(3):547-556(1975) - Illustra-
tions, map.

13.

4.7

Grau, J.

Podocoma und Vittadlnia - zv7ei
vermelntlich bikontinentale
Gottungen. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml .
Ilunchen. 12:181-194(1975) - (En);
illustrations.

Guedes j M.

Conyza albida ,
Couyza altissima .
no. 382:4(1975).

nom correct du
Monde PI.,

Lander, N.S.

A new Australian species of
Olearia (Compositae) . Telopea ,
1(1):84-86(1975) - Illustrations;
key .

Negreanj G.

Solidago graminifolia planta
advent iva in Romania. Stud. Cere .
Biol., Bot ., 27(3)5187-192(1975) -
(En) ; illustrations ; chromosome
numbers; key.

St. John, H.

Luteidiscus , nev7 genus (Compo-
sitae) . Bot. Jahrb ., 94(4):549~
555(1974) - (Ge); illustrations.

Watanabe, K. , Carter, C.R. and
Smith-White, S.

The cytology of Brachycome
lineariloba ; 5. Chromosome
relationships and phylogeny of the
race A. cytodemes (n=2) . Chromo-
soma , 52(4):383-397(1975) -Maps,

Uestman, W.E., Panetta, F.B. and
Stanley, T.D.

Ecological studies on reproduc-
tion and establishment of the
woody weed, Groundsel bush
( Baccharis halimifolia L.
Asteraceae). Austral. J. Agric .
Res .. 26(5) :855-870(1975) .

INULEAE

HELIAKTIIEAE

Badillo, V.M.

Una nueva especie del genero
Galea (Compositae) . Bol. Soc .
Venezol. Cienc. Nat .. 31(130-131):
4 350-352(1974 publ. 1975).

Bonilla, J. A.

Aplicacion de los metodos taxi-
metricos en el genero Wedelia .
(Employ of taxiaetric methods of
the genus Wedelia ) . Lilloa , 34(4):
2-7 29-50(1975) - (En).

Carr, G.D.

Calycadenia hoove ri (Asteraceae) ,
a new Tarweed from California.
Brittonia . 27(2) :136-141(1975) -

3 Chromosome number.

Degener, 0. and Degener, I.

Silverswords and the Blue Data
Book. Notes Waimea Arbor . 2(1):
3-6(1975) - Illustration.
6 Argyroxiphlum kauense .

Gillett, G.W.

The diversity and history of
Polynesian Eidens , section Campy-
lotheca. Honolulu, University of
Hawaii, 1975. 32p. (Harold L. Lyon
Arboretum Lecture, no 6) •-
6 Illustrations, map.

Love, D.

The genus Acanthoxanthium (DC . )
Fourr. revived. Lagascalia , 5(1):
55-71(1975) - (En); illustrations;

4 key .

McMillan, C, Chavez, P.I. and
Mabry, T.J.

Sesquiterpene lactones of
Xanthium strumarium in a Texas
population and in experimental
hybrids . Biochem. Syst. Ecol. ,
3 3(3): 137-141 (1975).

1,2

Stearn, U.T.

Flora Europaea: notulae
systematicae ad floram Europaeam
spectantes: no. 17. The name
Helichrysum virgineum . Bot. J .
Linn. Soc, 71(1) :44-45(1975) .

Mears, J. A.

The taxonomy of Parthenium section
Partheniastrum DC. (Asteraceae-
Ambrosiinae) . Phytologia , 31(6):
463-482(1975) - Key.

14.

Koran, R.

Brandegee's Tarweed and the
true story of its rediscovery.
Environment Southwest , 440 : 3-6
(1972) - Illustrations.
4 Adenothannus validus ♦

Nash , D . L .

Studies in Anarican plants: 7.
PhytoloRia , 31(4) :361-364(1975) -
4 Illustrations. Salmea , Perezia .

Sauck, J.R.

Distribution, chromosomes and
taxonomy of Parthenlce mollis
(Compositae) . iladroho, 23(4):
227-234(1975) - Dot map; chromo-
3,4 some numbers.

Stuessy, T.F.

A revision of Moonia (Compositae,
Heliantheae, Coreopsidinae) .
■ Brlttonia , 27(2) :97-102(1975) -
6 Illustrations.

HELENIEAE

Filatova, N.S.

Vnutrividovaya taksonomiya
Artemisia terrae-alla e Krasch.
In Kazakhstan: Akademlya Nauk
Kazakhskoi SSR: Institut
Botaniki. Flora i rastitel'nye
resursy Kazakstana: 103-113
(1975) - Dot map; chromosome
2 number.

Humpharies, C. J.

Cytological studies in the
Macaronesian genus Argyranthemum
(Compositae :Anthemideae) . Bot .
Notiser, 128(2) : 239-255 (1975) -

1 Chromosome numbers.

Ingram, J.

Nomenclatural notes for Hortus
Third: Compositae. Baileya , 19(4):
1,3 167-168(1975). Chrysanthemum .

Ingram, J. and Dress, W.J.

Nomenclatural notes for Hortus
Third: Compositae. Baileya , 19(4):

2 158(1975). Chrysanthemum.

Keil, D.J.

Revision of Pectis sect.
Heteropectis (Compositae: Tageteae) .
Madrono , 23(4) :181-191(1975) -
Illustrations, dot map,; chromosome
3,4 numbers; key.

Rzedowski, J. 3

Una compuesta de hojas suculentas
del N. de Mexico, Graciela
frankenioides gen. et sp. nov.
Cact. Sue. Mex ., 20(2):27-31
4 (1975) - (En); illustrations.

Wilken, D.H.

A systematic study of the genus 2
Hulsea (Asteraceae) . Brittonia ,
27(3): 228-244 (1975) - Dot maps;
3 chromosome numbers ; keys ,

ANTHEMIDEAE

Bhadane, N.R. , Kelsey, R.G. and 3
Shafizadeh, F.

Sesquiterpene lactones of
Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana .
Phytochemistry , 14(9) : 2084-2085
3 (1975) - Key.

Kelsey, R.G., Thomas, J.W. , Watson,
T.J. and Shafizadeh, F.

Population studies in Artemisia
tridentata ssp. vaseyana ; chromo-
some numbers and aasquiterpene lactone
races. Blochem. Syst. Ecol ., 3(4):
209-213(1975) - Map; chromosome
numbers .

Nosova, L.I.

Urozhai semyan i vozobnovlenie
mnogoletnikov v polyunykh fitot-
senozakh Pamira. (Seed production
and reproduction of perennial plants
in Artemisia phytocoenoses of Pamir) .
Bot. Zhurn ., 60(10) J1497-1505 (1975) .

Tyrl, R.J.

Origin and distribution of
polyploid Achillea (Compositae)
in western North America. Brittonia ,
27(2):187-196(1975) - Dot maps;
chromosome numbers.

15.

SENECIONEAE

Abbott, R.J.

Variation within common
Groundsel, Senecio vulgaris L. : 2
1. Genetic response to spatial
variations to the environment.
New Phytol ., 76(1) :153-164(1976) -
Maps.

Abbott, R.J. 5

Variation within common Groundsel
Senecio vulgaris L. : 2. Local
differences within cliff populations
on Puffin Island. Nev7 Phytol . ,
76(1): 165-172(1976).

2-7
Beuzenberg, E.J.

Contribution to a chromosome
atlas of the New Zealand flora:
17. Senecio (Compositae) . New
Zealand J. Bot ., 13(3) :345-353(1975)
- Chromosome numbers. 1

ItOj S. and Koyama, H.

(A new hybrid of Cacalia from
Nagano Prefecture) . J. Jap. Bot . ,
50(10) :300-304(1975) - Ja(En) ;
illustrations.

Mabberley, D.J.

The pachycaul Senecio species of
St. Helena, Cacalia paterna and
Cacalia materna . Kew Bull . , 30(2):
413-420(1975) - Illustrations.

Olorode, 0.

Evolution of chromosome size in
Emilia (Senecioneae - Compositae).
J. H. Afr. Sci. Ass ., 18(1) :191-197
(1973) - Chromosome numbers.

Tomkins, S.

The Great Fen Ragwort ( Senecio
paludosus) - a lost species returned.
Cambridge, Isle of Ely Nat. Trust
Newsl. , no. 39:6-7(1976).

Breen, C.

Calystegia soldanella (L.) R.Br,
and Senecio viscosus L. in West

Mayo (H27).
255(1975).

Irish Hat. J., 18(8):

1-7

Cabrera, A.L. and Zardini, E.M.

Especles nuevas o criticas del
genero Senecio (Compositae) . Bol .
Soc . Argent . Bot ., 16(4) :377-389
(1975) - (En); illustrations.

Folch i Guillen, R. and Brugu^s, M.

Doronicum plantagineum L. al Puig
Molld (Coll d'Alforja), especie
nova per a Catalunya. ( Doronicum
plantagineum L. dans le Puig Mollo
(Coll d'Alforja), espece nouvelle
pour la Catalogne) . Acta Phytotax .
Barcin. , 17:4,14-16(1975) - (Fr) ;
dot map.

Gibbs, P.E., Milne, C. and
Carrillo, M.V.

Correlation between the breeding
system and recombination index in
five species in Senecio . New
Phytol. 75(3):619-626(1975) -
Chromosome numbers.

Visset, L.

Termes utilises dans diff^rentes
articles de description de pollens
observes au microscope electronique
h Balayage. 13. Association des
Palynologues de la parol sporo-
polliniques49(1975) . Senecio
doronicum .

Williams, L.O.

Tropical American plants, 18.
Phytologia . 31(6) :435~447 (1975) -
Illustrations. Senecio .

CARDUEAE

Friis, I.

The giant species of Cirsium
(Asteraceae) in southern Ethiopia.
N orw. J. Bot ., 22(3):201-207(1975) -
Illustrations.

Franco, J. do A.

Flora Europaea: notulae
systematicae ad fioram Europaeam
spectantes : no. 17. Notes on some
European species of Echinops L.
and Jurinea Cass. Bot. J. Linn.

1,2 Soc., 71(1):41-43(1975).

16.

CARDUEAE (continued)

LACTUCEAE

1,2

1-3,
5-7

Franco, J. do A.

Flora Europaea: notulas
systematicae ad floram Europaeam
spectantes: no. 17. Compcsitae
(245) Onopordua L. Bot. J. Linn . 1
Soc. , 71(1): 45-46 (1975).

Franco, J. do A.

Flora Europaea: notulae system-
aticae ad floram Europaeam
spectantes: no. 17. Compositae
(247) Cynara L. Bot. J. Linn. Soc . 1
71(1):47(1975).

Franco, J. do A.

Flora Europaea: notulae
systematicae ad floram Europaeam
spectantes: no. 17. Compositae
(248) Carduus L. Bot. J. Linn. Soc.

71(1):48-50(1975).

Moore, R.J.

The biology of Canadian weeds:
13. Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.
Canad. J. PI. Sci .. 55(4) :1033-1048
(1975) - (Fr) ; illustrations, map
key.

Plitmann, U.

Taxonomic studies in Centaurea
Sect. Calcitrapa ; 2. The section
in the Middle East. Israel J. Bot. ,
24(1) :10-25 (1975) - Illustrations,
map; keys.

Hackney , P .

Irish records of Kieracia species
in the Herbarium of the Ulster
Museum. Irish Nat. J .. 18(8) :255
(1975).

Karlsson, L.

Hieracier fran Sareks National
park: 2. (Hieracia from Sarek
National Park: 2). Svensk Bot .
Tidskr. , 69(3):336-348 (1975) -
(En); illustrations.

Musina, L.S.

Ontogenez i vozrastnye osobennosti
Achyrophorus maculatus (L.) Scop,
(o partikulyatsii) . Byull. Mosk .
Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol .,

1,2 80(4):133-139(1975) - (En).

Poole, J. P.

Lactuca muralis in Maine.

Rhodora,

77(811)5434(1975).

Soest, J.L. van

Quelques especes r.ouvelles de
Taraxacum de France. Acta Bot .
Neerl., 24(2) :139-154(1975) -
Illustrations.

Soest, J.L. van

Taraxacum vagum , a new species
from Iran. Acta Bot. Neerl . ,
24(3-4) :289-290(1975) - Illustration.

MUTISIEAE

Lipshits, S. Yu.

Novyi vid roda Saussurea iz
Afghanis tana. (Generis Saussurea
species nova ex Af ghania) . Bot .
Zhurn . , 60(10) :1446-1447 (1975) -
Illustration.

V7itherspoon, J.T. and Watson, T.J.

Lactuca muralis in British
Columbia. Rhodora, 77(811) :435(1975) .

4,7

Zardini, E.M.

Revisi6n del gdnero Trichocline
(Compositae). Darwiniana , 19(2-4):
618-733(1974-1975 publ. 1975) -
(En); illustrations, map, dot maps;
chromosome numbers; key.

17.

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NEWS FROM INDIVIDUALS AND INST ITUTIONS

Please supply the requested information where it applies to you or your
institution.

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Requests for material_

Please send to;

Tod F. Stuessy

Editor, C0^5'0SITAE NEWSLETTER

Department of Botany

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