Contributions to the botany of India

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CONTRIBUTIONS

TO THE

BOTANY OF INDIA.

BY

ROBERT WIGHT, M. D., F. L. S., &c.

MEMBER OF THE IMP. ACAO. KATURJB CURIOSORUM,
SUROEON ON THE HON. EAST INDIA COMPANt's MADRAS ESTABLISHMENT.

LONDON :

PARBURY, ALLEN, & CO.

MDCCCXXXIV.

^1%.

■DINBUBOR,
PRINTKD BY NKII.L & CO., OLD nRHMARKKT.

TO

WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, LL.D.

PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW^

NOT ONLY DISTINGUISHED

AS ONE OF THE MOST ACCOMPLISHED AND LIBERAL BOTANISTS

OP THE PRESENT DAY,

BUT AS THE
ZEALOUS PATRON OF NATURAL SCIENCE IN ALL ITS BRANCHES,

THESE CONTRIBUTIONS

ARE RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED

BY HIS MUCH OBLIGED FRIEND

robt. wight.

No. I,

COMPOSITE WIGHTIANiE

JUXTA WIGHTII HERBARIUM AB AUG. PYR. DB CANDOLLE

ENUMERATE *.

Trib. I VERNONIACEiE. Cass. ; Less, syn, 145.

I. MONOSIS. BC. prod. vol. 5. ined.

Capitulum uniflorum. Invol. oblongi squamse imbricatse obtusse flore mul-
to breviores. Cor. tubulosa 5-fida. Stigmata (Vemonise) loDge exserta.
Achsenium glabnim teretiusculum. Pappus 2-3-serialis, setis rigidulis scabris
»qualibus.— Suffnitex ? Indicus. Folia alterna brei^iter petiolata obovato-
cuneata acutiuscula vix subdentata supra glabra^ subtus cum petiolis et ramis
tomentosa. Panicula nuda. Rami apice capitula plurima subumbellata con-
ferta subsessilia gerentes, — Affinis Eremantho et Shawue, Nomen ex fMifu^ts,
solitudo.

1. M. Wightiana (1. c.) In Indise or. montibus ^^ Neelgherry." — Wight.

cat. n. 1376.— Conyza Wightiana, Wall.! cat. n. 3028 (non 3092).

II. VERNONIA. Schreb. gen. 2. p. 541 ; Less. syn. 146.

§ 1. Strobogalyx (Blume in litt.) SquamcB involucri floribus multo breviores

obtusiuscuUe.

1. V. elliptica, caule scandente ramoso tereti subpubescente, foliis breviter
petiolatis exacte ellipticis integerrimis supra glabris subtus villis adpressis
sericeis argenteis paniculse ramosissimae divaricatae ramis ultimis capitula 3-5

pauciflora gereutibus, invol. ovati squamis ovatis subacutis glabris. In

Neelgherry. — Wight- cat. n. 1377. — Affinis ex habitu V. elseagnifoliee, Waii.,
scd in specimine imperfecto caract. gener. non rite perspicui.

§ 2. EuvERNONiA. SquanuB adpresscB acuta inapperuUculatcB.

2. V. Zeylanica (Less, in Linnsea, 1829, p. 344.) In Ind. or. — Wight.

rat. n. 1378.

ThisisBurm. Zeyl. t. 21.

* Th€ refetence« to Wight's Catalogue, and the observations in English^ printed in a smaller type^
have beai added by R. Wight and G. A- Walker-Arnolt.

C VERNONIACE^. Vernonia.

3. V. pectiniformis, firuticosa?^ ramis teretibus glabriusculis, junioribus an-
gulatis pubescentibns, foliis breviter petiolatis lanccolatis acuminatis pecti-
nate acute et elongato — serratis membranaceis supra glabris subtus pilosius-
culis, corymbo terminali nudo, capitulis longe pedicellatis multifloris ovatis,

invol. squamis siccis glabris ciliatis ovato-oblongis subacutis^ In montibus

Dindigul. — Wight, cat. n, 1379. — Affinis V. pectinata, DC, (Eupatorio pecti-
nato. Wall.) et forte mera varietas.

Rheed. Mai. 10. t. 62. seems referable to this.

§ 3. Tephrodss {^l8omeria, Don in Wight herb.) Invol, squamce lanceolatup
linear es acuminata suhtrinertna demum reflexo-patentes. Papptig ext.
hrevisHmua regtUaris.

4. V. physalifolia (DC. prod. vol. 6. :) caule herbaceo erecto ramoso striato,

foliis petiolatis late ovatis repando-dentatis obtusis supra pubescentibus, sub-

tUB cauleque cinereo-tomentosis^ corymbo laxo^ capitulis pedicellatis, invol.

squamis lanceolato-linearibus dorso villosis vix acutis. In Ind. or. Mada-

ra^atana. — Wight, cat. n. 1380. — Conyza cinerea^ Wall.! cat. n. 3000, c. —

Affinis V. cineresB.

This appears to be Serraiula cinerea, Boxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 406 ; in £. I. C. mus.
tab. 1282.

fi glabrescens; foliis tenuioribus magis glabratis. — Cum priori. — Wight,
cat. n. 1383.

5. V. ctnerea (Less, in Linnsea, 1829, p. 291). — Wight, cat. n. 1382. — Fre-

quentissima.

Less, in Linnaea, 1831, p. 673, with synon.— Burm. Zeyl. t. 96. f. 1 ; Rum ph. Amb.
6. t. 14. £ 1 ; Pluk. t. 177. t 2.

/3 rotundifolia ; foliis etiam superioribus subrotundis obtuse repando-
dentatis. — Circa Madras et Negapatam frequens ad littora maris. —
Wight, cat. n. 1383.— Cacalia rotundifolia, Willd. phyt. 2. p. 6. M ;
*p. 3. p. 1732. — Conjza cinerea. Wall. I cat. n. 3008^ d.
This seems to be Rbeed. Mai. 10. t. 64.

y glabriusciHa ; tota fere glabra, caule striato, ramis elongatis erectis,
foliis omnibus oblonris, corrmbis confertis. Ad Madras et Nega-
patam in apricis. — Wight, cat. n. 1384.

I undulata (an species propria?) tota cinereo-pubens, caulibus virgatis,

foliis lanceolatis dentato-crispis. In Ind. or. — Wight, eat. n. 1385.

— Conjza cinerascens. Wall.! cat. n. 3062.
Sgnantherea, Wall. ! L. n. 7137, is var. ^

6. V. leptophylla (DC. prod. 5. :) caule herbaceo erecto ramoso tereti te-
nuiter pubescente, foliis oblongo-bnearibus utrinque acuminatis integcrrimis
tenuissime pulverulento-scabris, panicula ramosissima laxa divaricata nuda,

invol. squaniis circ. biseriatis Unearibus acuminatissimis vix puberulis.

In Ind. ot..^Wight. cat. n. 1386.— Conyza linifolia, WaU.! oat. n. 8063 (non
Lin.) — Non male refert. icon. Rumph. 6. 1. 14. f. 2. et ideo forte V. fascicu-
lata, Blum. Bijdr. p. 893, non Michx.

7. V. conyz<nde9 (DC. prod. 5. ;) caule herbaceo erecto striato brevissime
pubescente, foliis ovato aut oblongo-lanccolatis acuminatis in petiolum bre-
vem attenuatis serratis * supra glabris subtus pubescenti-villosis, corjTnbo
composito polycephalo nudo, invol, squamis lanceolato-linearibus pubescenti-
villosis acuminatis. Ad Neelghcrry. — Wight, eat. n. 1387. — Conyza ovata,

Wall.! cat. n. 3097 (non Less.) Ad Ncelgherrs'.

8. V. albicans (DC. prod. 5. :) tota tomento adprcsso sericeo villosa cancs-
ccns, foliis ovato-rhombeis basi cuneatis integcrrimis supeme groMc dentatis

Pecanburum. VERNONIACE^. 7

aquminatis corymbo subpaniculato nudo^ invol. squamls linearibus villosis

aeominatis. In Ind. or. — Wight, cat. n. 1388. — Conyza Albicans, WaUJ

ca^ n, 3072. — Corolla lobi hispidi.

§ 4. Aboaricida (Cass.). Squama foliaceiB aut in appendicem foliaceum ex-

pan8(B,

9. V. antheJminthica (Willd. sp. 3. p. 1634). In ruderatis per omnem

Peninsulam frequens. — Wight, cat. n. 1389.

This is V. anthelmintica. Wall. L. n. 2930. — Serratula anthelmintica^ Boxb. fl.
Ind. & p. 405 ; in E. I. C. mus. tab. 419 Rheed. Mai. 2. t. 24 ; Burm. Zeyl. t. 95.

III. CYANOPIS. Blume in litt. 1831.— Cjantbyllium, Blume bijdr. 889.—
Isonema, Cass. bull, philom. 1817^ non Brown, 1810.

Omnia Vernonifie sed pappus 1 -serialise achsenium prismatico-pentagonum.

1. C. erigeroides (DC. prod. 5. :) caule berbaceo erecto divaricato ramoso
striato glabriusculo, foliis subsessilibus oblongo-linearibus utrinque acuminatis
integerrimis glabriusculis, panicula diffusa, capitulis pedicellatis, invol. squa-
nais linearibus acuminatis subpubescentibus disco brevioribus. — Adest culta
in h. Wight et spontanea ex ins. Timor, in h, DC. — Wight, cat. n. 1390.

IV. DECANEURUM. DC. prod. 5.

Omnia Vemoniee sed pappus 1-serialis et acbsBuium decem-costatum (unde
nomen).

§ 1. Phyllocephalum (Blume bijdr. 888). Capitula bracteis foliaceis amplis
arctS dncta. Ach€Bnia ba^i non sensim attenuata.

1. D. reticulatum, caule suffruticoso? erecto ramoso setis undique scabro,
foliis sessilibus ovatis mucronatis et mucronato-subdentatis supra asperis sub-
tus albo tomentosis nervis venisque scabris reticulatis, capitulis ramos termi-
nantibus, bracteis pluribus foliaceis arete cinctis, invol. squamis intemis

ehartaceo-scariosis glabris bracteas superantibus. Ad Neelgherry. — Wight.

cat. n. 1391.

This is Amphirephis Indica, Less, in Linnaea, 6. p. 686 ; Wall. L. n. 2956.

2. D. scabridum, caule berbaceo erecto bine inde setoso scabro apice to-
mentoso, foliis in petiolum attenuatis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis grosse et
ineequaliter serratis supra setoso-scabris subtus albo-tomentosis, pedunculis
1-cephalis, bracteis foliaceis capitulo approximatis oblong^ subtus tomento-
sis, invol. squamis intemis cbartaceo-scariosis glabris. In India or. —

Wight, cat. n. 1392,

S. D. epilefmn, caule berbaceo erecto tereti glabriusculo apice summo to-
mentoso, foliis in petiolum attenuatis lanceolatis acuminatis grosse serratis
imipra giabris subtus albo-tomentosis, pedunculis 1-cephalis elongatis, bracteis
sub oapitulo obtusiusculis patulis valde approximatis subtus tomentosis, invol.

squamis intemis cbartaceo-scariosis glabris subacutis. In distr. Camatic

ad Courtallum. — Wight, cat. n. 1393. — Priori valde affine.

This is Amphirephis mollis^ Wall. ! L. n. 2957, and perhaps Rheed. Mai. 10. t. 63.

§ 2. Gymnanthemum (Cass. bull, philom. 1817, diet. 20. p. 108). Capitula
aut omnina dn'octeata aut rarius bracteolis subulatis inv. squamis inferio-
ribus conformibus instructa. Achcenia bast attenuata.

4. D. Dendigulense, coUo tuberoso suffruticuloso, caule berbaceo erecto
parce ramoso tereti basi striato pubescente apice tomentoso, foliis subsessili-

8 KUPATORlACE.i:. Agbratvh,

bus late ovatifi subrotuiidisve coriaceis dentatb supra ^labris aspenilis subtus
dense albo-tomentosis summis ovalibus acutis parvis^ corymbo fastigiato
composite^ invol. ovati squamis ovalibus mucronatis imbricatis extus toinen>

toso-lanatis intus glaberrimis. In montibus Dindlgul. — Wight, eat. n. 1^4.

— Conyza indica^ Wall.! cat. n. 3042 (non Blum.) — Species in genere tmo
valde distincta. Acheenium glabrum inter nervos glandulosum.

5. D. divergent (DC. prod. 5. :) caule herbaceo erecto tereti tenuissime ve-
lutino scabro paniculato-ramoso^ foliis brevissime petiolatis ellipticis utrinque
acuminatis dentatis supra glabris subtus puberulis reticulatis subrugosLs, pa-
niculse ramis elongatis divergentibus foliosis ipsis paniculatis^ capitulis ad
apices ramulorum confertis, involucr. squamis oblongis acute mucronatis

fiabriusculis. In Ind. or. — In Pegu (Bclangor.) — Wight, cat. n. 1395. —
/onyza divergens^ Wall. ! cat. n. 3027 (eoccl. litt. e). — Flores in invol. 7-8.
Affine D. aspero (Vemonia) asperse, Hamilt.)

WalL L. n. 3027, e, is Roxburgh's specimen, cultivated from seeds sent from Mysore :
we do not know now it differs ; the description (fl. Ind. 3. p. 414), and drawing (in
£. I. C. mus. tab. 1637), appear to us referable to a luxuriant cultivated state c? our
plant : if Roxburgh's be really distinct, the specific name divergens ought in justice
to be applied to it.

V. ELEPHANTOPUS. Cass. diet. 14. p. 341.— Elephantopi sp. Lin.

1. E. scaber (Lin. sp. 1313, excl. syn. Gron. et Browne). In dumetis ad

Courtallum, rarius. — Wight, cat. n. 1396.

This is E. scaber^ Wall. L. n. 2979 ; Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 445; in E. I. C. mus. tab.
1287 Rheed. Mai. 10. t. 7.

Tbib. XL— EUPATORIACELE. Less. syn. 154.

I. AGERATUM. Lin. gen. n. 936.

1. A. conyzoides (Lin. sp. 1175:) var. cordifolium ; caule hispido, petiolis

hispidissimis foliis late ovatis (infer, forte cordatis?) acuminatis. — Wight, cat.

n. 1397. — Ageratum cordifolium, Roxh.! hort. cak. ex Wall.! cat. n. 3177. —

Frequens.

This is A. cordifolium, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 415 ; Serratula cordifolia, Roxb. in E. I. C.
mus. tab. 1283.

II. ADENOSTEMMA. Forst. ?iov. gen. (1776), t. 45.— Lavenia, Swartz,

prod. {17S8), p. 112.

Ageratum aquaticum, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 416, or Ethulia aquatica, Roxb. in E. I. C.
mus. t. 677, belongs to the second section of this genus.

• Achanils muricatvt.

1. A. rugosum (Wight in Wall. ! cat. n. 3221, sub Lavenia:) caule credo
basi tetragono ramoso puberulo seu scabrido, foliis petiolatis late ovatis sub-
cordatis irregulariter (casu ?) subtrilobis grosse dentatis nervis subtus elcTatis
reticulato-rugosis rigidis supra glabriusculis subtus puberuloHscabridis, pani-
cula laxa divaricata polycepliala, invol. squamis oblongis dorso scabridis,

achaeniis muricato-tubcrculatis. In India or. — Wight, cat. n. 1398. — Affine

Ad. rcticulato (in h. Wight observato) scd difFert achaeniis superficie muricatu
sed variantc ct tunc uiera varictas esset ? (v. s. in coll. Wall.)

• • AcIuBniin iieviOus.

2. A. reticniatum, caule erecto subtetragono glubro sccus paniculw divari-
(.'aLlsshuse rauios parcc glaiidnloso-pubcro, foliis (.superioribus) ovatis ^rrossc
dentatis nervis subtus prouiinulis reticulati.s puberulLs rigidis, invol. squauii>
oblomns ohtiisis dorso piilH'nili*^, ;ichfrniis lR*\nbus. Circa Dindiiriil. —

•AsTEii. ASTEROIDE^. 9

Wight, cat, n, 1399. — Folia inferiora non vidi. Valde accedit ad speciem
priorem^ an varietas ?

3. A. Madurense (Wight! sub Lavenia:) caule erecto juniore cum foliis
brevissime puberulo adulto glabro, foliis petiolatis late'ovato-rbombeis utrin-
que acuminatis a basi grosse et acute dentatis^ corymbi supra ultima folia
breviter exserti, ramis puberulis invol. squamis glabris subacutis^ achseniis

Ifieviusculis. Prope Madura. — Wight, cat, n, 1400. — Hsec species non malf

refert icon. Burm. Zeyl. t. 42, sed corymbus minus exsertus et folia acute nee
obtuse dentata.

4. A. leiocarpum, caule erecto tetragono glabro secus paniculee ramos glan-

duloso-puberulo, foliis ovato-oblongis subobtusis basi attenuntis subpetiolatifi

Crosse dentatis s^labris, panicula laxa polycepbala, invol. squamis lineari-ob-

longis obtusis dorso vix puberulis, achseniis Isevibus. ^In Ind. or. locis

montosis provincise Madurensis. — Wight, cat. n. 1401. — Lavenia affinis Ma-

durensi, Wight ! herb, — Herba fere A. elati, fructus A. Mauritiani.

Dr Wight^s specimen, examined by De Candolle, lies before us : there are glands,
which sometimes become minute tubercles, on the fruit ; nor can we distinguish it
from Ad. viscosumj Forst. (Lavenia erecta. Wall. L. n. 3218, d), of which Burm. Zeyl.
t. 42, appears to us a very tolerable representation.
^N.B.-— Species hujus generis omnes ulteriori examine egent.

Trib. Ill ASTEROIDELE. Less. syn. 161.

I. ASTER. Linn. gen.

1. A. nitidulus, glaber, caule erecto tereti apice corymboso-ramoso, foliis
sessilibus subsemiamplexicaulibus lanceolato-linearibus acuminatis uninerviis
margine serrulato-scabris, invol. squamis linearibus acuminatis marginc scario-

sis disco paulo brevioribus. Neelgherry ? — Wight, cat. n, 1402. — Ligulee

lineares ex sicco coeruleo-purpurese styliferee steriles. Acheenia disci com-
pressa glabra tenuia. Pappus rufus 1-serialis ssepe crispatus. Si Galatella
rite inter genera admittenda, tunc hsec species ad hoc genus forte amendan-
(la /

II. ElUGERON. Lens.syn.VdO.

§ 3. TRiMOKi'ii.iiA (Cass. diet. 37. p. 462.) — An genus proj/rium ?

1. E. suhlyratum (Roxb. ined. ex Don in Wight ! herb.:) caule adscendenti-

crecto moUiter hispido subsimplici, foliis utrinque villosis obovatis grosse in-

ciso-dentatis (dentibus obtusis mucronatis) inferioribus basi attenuatis incisis

sublyratis summis cordato-amplexicaulibus, corymbo terminali 7-9-cephalo,

capitulis pedicellatis, invol. squamis linearibus acuminatis glabriusculis disco

subsequalibus. In arenosis et apricis provincise Tanjore. — Wight, cat, n,

1403. — Conyza hirsuta. Wall. ! cat. n. 3007 (non Linn.) — Conyzalacera, ^wrm.

herb, — ^Jjigulee lineares albse. Achsenia glabra elliptica compressa.

Roxburgh's E. sublyratum (in E. I. C. mus. tab. 432), an old manuscript name, is
the E. agteroides of the fl. Ind. 3. p. 435, or Wall. L. n. 2055 ; consequently, either
the present is not Koxliurgh's plant (although the drawing referred to be a tolerable
representation of our species), or Wall. L. n. 2975, ought also to be referred here.

2. E. hispidum, caule basi suffruticuloso erecto ramoso hispido, foliis ob-
longis hinc indc grosse dentatis subpuberulis infer, obtusis basi attenuatis
super, acutis basi dilatatis cordato-amplexicaulibus, capitulis ad apices ramo-

rum 1-2, invol. squamis linearibus acuminatis. In arenosis agri Maderas-

patani. — Wight, cat. n. 1404. — Erigeron hirsutum, Wall.! eat. n. 2076 (non
Lour, nee Pursh.). — Conyza graveolens, Wall.! cat. n. 3106. — Aster Benga-
Icnsis, Heyn. ! herb. — Liguls? lineares elongatro 1-2-scriale.s, fl. fern, miiltise-
riales tubnlosi vix sjiiblis-ulati, ccntr. hcrni«plir.

10 ASTEROlDEiEf P«w>a.

3. £. mulUcauk (Wall.! cat. n. 3286).

/3 Madurense, caule foliisque pube brevi sparsa scabridis foliia superiori-

bus integemmis, capitulis omnibus solitariis. In prov. Madureiisi.

—Wight, cat n, 1405.— ;-Erigeron multicaule. Wall.! cat. n. 828a c

III. POLOA. DC. prod. 5. ined.

Capitulum multiflorum licterogamum, fl. radii l-serialibus femineo-steiili-
bus neutrisve angustissime ligulatis, centralibus tubulosis S-dentatis henna-
phroditis. Kcc. planum nudum alvcolato-subfimbriUiferum. Invol. plurise-
riale^ squamis ext. foliaceis oblougis majoribus^ inter, subscariosis acunuDatis.
Antb. et stigm. Asterearum. Acheenia teretia glabra erostria. Pappus du-
plex^ exter. brevis coroniformis vix dentatus^ in radio magis conspicuus, ini.
longus setis filiformibus scabris> in radio paucioribus. — Herba indica crecta
ramosa glabriuscula aut parce puberula. Folia altema sessilia oblonga liiiea**
ria subserrata breviter mucronata. Rami basi foliosi^ apice compresai l«-oe-
phali. — Differt ab Erigeronte et affinibus pappo duplici, achsenio tereti> etc.; a
Pulicaria antberis ecaudatis^ &c. — Genus dicatum, cl. peregrinatori Venetia-
no Marco Polo qui primus inter hodiemos seculo xiii"* Asiam fere totam pera-
gravit et descripsit.

1. P. Wightiana. — Ad Dindigul. — Wight, cat. n. 1406. — Erigcron Wirfitia-
num^ Wall. ! cat. n. 3284. — Erigeron dubium, Spreng. in litt. ad Wall. — V ariat
glabriusculum aut pubescens.

IV. PSIADIA. Jacq. hort. Schcenbr. 3. p. 13. 1. 162.— Psiadia et Elphegoa,

Ca88. non Less.

1. P. integerrima (DC. prod. 5.) — Wight, cat. n. 1407. — Baccharis viscosa^

Lam. diet. 1. p. 346. — Elpbegea minor, Ca^s. diet. 14. p. 362. Gerte in in-

mlis Mauritianis spontanea, in Peninsula Indica culta.

2. P. fto&amim (DC. prod. 6.) — Wight, cat. n. 1408. — Conyza balsamica,

WaU. ! cat. n. 3068. — Baccharis arguta, Pers. erich. 2. p. 423. Certe Mauri-

tiana ; in India culta.

To this belongs Eupatorium^xuasttm^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 415.

V. M YRI ACTIS. Less, in Linnaa, 1831, p. 127 ; Syn. 193.

1. M. Wightii, erecta, sparse pilosa, foliis inferioribus ovatis basi longe 0u-
neato-attenuatis grosse inciso-dentatis superioribus oblongis integris sedsil**

bus, dentibus apicibusque foliorum calloso-mucronatis. Ad Neelgherry. — '

Wight, cat. n. 1409. — Valde acceditad M.javanicam, DC. {Bellidemjavanicamj
Blum. ! bijdr. 917)^ et fere utraque media inter Myriactidem et Lagenophoram
ob ligulas bi nee multiseriatas et acheenia fere omnino erostria. Involucmna
.lirsutiusculum post anthesin reflexum. Liguls? ex sicco albide.

VI. VICOA. Cass. ann. sc. nat. 1829, tom. 17. p. 418; Less. syn. 199.

1. V. Indicia, foliis basi auriculatis lanceolatis acuminatis serratis subinte-

fcrrimisve utrinque plus minus puberulis, ligulis disco duplo longioribus.
n India or. frequens. — Inula Indica, WilM. sp. 3. p. 2092; Wall.! cai. n.
2964.

This is Doronicum calcaratum^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 434 ; in E. I. C. mus. tab. 433.

Aster Indicus, Willd. sp. 3. p. 2041 (excl. syn. Linn.)— Burm. Zevl. t. 55. f. 2; Pluk.
t. 149. f. 3 ; t. 340. fol. 29. pi. 13.

a.serrata; foliis serratis. — Wight, cat. n, 1411.

DiCHRCOCEPHALA. ASJTEROIDEiE. 11

VII. CiESULIA. Rojch. corom, 1. p. 64. L 93.

1. C. axillaris (Roxb. ! 1. c.) In oryzetis prope Tanjore. — Wight, cat,

n, 1411 ; Wall, ! cat, n. 8183. ^Meyera orien talis, Don, prod, 180.

This is also C. axillaris^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 447.

VIII. DICHROCEPHALA. Vher, mas. l788.--^Centipeda, Le99. syn. 200,

non Lour,

Car. gen. Lessingii omnino scrvandus.

1. D. latifolia (DC. prod. 5.) In Mysore, Wight, cat, n, 1412. — Cotula

bicolor. Roth, cat. hot, 2. p, 116.^ — Cgtula latifolia, Pers. ench, 2. p, 464, —
Grangea latifolia. Lam, ill, t, 699./. 1. — Cotula sinapifolia. Wall, ! cat, n, 3237
{eofcl, litt, g qute gemis pf>oprium format : Thespis erecta, DC) — Spilanthus
atriplicifolius, Houtt, ! in h, Pdess,

This is Cotula sifiapifoliay Roi^b. fl. Ind. 3. p. 437 ; in E. I. C. mus. tab. 1643.

2. D. chrysanthemifolia (DC. prod. 6.) In India or. — Wight, cat. n, 1418.

— Cotula chrysanthemifolia, Blum' ! Ujdr, 918.

IX. SPH^RANTHUS. Linn, gen, n, 998 (non Scop.)

§ 1. EuspH^RANTHus. (DC. prod. 5.)

Glomeruli axis plena nee lacunosa. Bractese onmes lineares molles capitulis
subsequales, exteriores vix ac ne vix involucrum generale constituentes.

1. S. hirtus (Willd. sp. 3. p. 2396.) ^Frequens in oryzetis peninsulse In-

dicae. — Blum,! Ujdr, 891 ; WaU, ! cat, n, 8178. a, e,f; Wight, cat, n, 1414. —
Burm. Zeyl, t, 94./. 3?

To this belongs S. mollis^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 446; in E. I. C. mus. tab. 437; and
Rheed. Mai. 10. t. 43. Dr Wight posse^es another species, which, although sent to
Dr Wallich, is omitted by De Uandolle j it is —

S. Indicus (Linn.) — S. Indicus, herh^ Wight, olim ; Wight, cat, n. 1415.~-S. Afri-
canus. Wall, cat, n, 3179. o,-^Plyie, t, 108. /. 7. (pedunc. passim, delin.) ; t,
312./. 6.

§ 2. PoLYCEPHALOs. (Forsk. descr. M^, p. 164.) — Oligolepis, Cass. diet. 50.

p. 202.

Glomeruli axis cavo*lacunosa. BraotesB omnes ovato-lanceolatee cuspida-
t« rigidsB capitala superantes, exteriores vix ac ne vix invol. gener. consti-
tuentes.

■ 2. S. amaranthoides (Burm. fl. Ind. 186.) In humidis provincise Tanjore

ad oppidum Negapatam. — Wight, cat. n. 1416. — S. Zeylanicus, Heyn, ejc
Wall, cat, n, 3180. — Pluk. amalth, t. 367./. 6. — Affinis S. suaveolenti, sed dif-
fert foliis angustioribus interdum integerrimis subtus punctatis, pedunculis
brevissimis apteris, bracteis acuminatisslmis.

X. BLEPHARISPERMUM. Wight.

Capitula innumera in glomerulum globosum coacervata, biflora : fl. tubu-
losis; altero foemineo breviter 3-4-dentato gracili; altero masculo 6-deh-
tato. Recept capituli angustissimnm, palea linear! inter flores interjecta.
Invol. squamee exter. paucse (2 ?), breves, ovatse, inter. 2 flosculis sequales, al-
tera sub flore foemineo plana, alt. sub flore masculo conduplicata. Stylus bre-

10 ASTEBOlDEiE? PotoA.

a £. mulUcaule (Wall.! cat. n. 3286).

/S Madurense, caule foliisque pube brevi sparsa scabridis foliis supenoii-

bus integemmis, capitulis omnibus solitariis. In prov. Madurensi.

—-Wight, cat, n. 1405.— Erigeron multicaule. Wall, I cat, n. 3286. c.

III. POLOA. DC. prod, 5, ined,

Capitulum multiflorura heterogaraum, fl. radii 1-serialibus femineo-sterili-
bus neutrisve angustissime ligulatis, centralibus tubulosis 5-dentati8 henna-
phroditis. Rec. planum nudum alveolato-subfimbrilliferum. Invol. plurise-
riale^ squamis ext. foliaceis oblougis majoribus^ inter, subscariosis acuminatis.
Anth. et stigm. Astereanim. Achaenia teretia glabra erostria. Pappus du>
plex^ exter. brevis coroniformis vix dentatus^ in radio magis conspicuus, int.
longus setis filiformibus scabris^ in radio paucioribus. — Herba indica crecta
ramosa glabriuscula aut parce puberula. Folia altema sessilia oblonga liaea*-
ria subserrata breviter mucronata. Rami basi foliosi^ apice compressi 1-ce-
phali. — Differt ab Erigeronte et affinibus pappo duplici^ acbsenio tereti^ etc. ; a
Pulicaria antberis ecaudatis, &c. — Genus dicatum^ el. peregrinatori Venetia-
no Marco Polo qui primus inter bodiemos seculo xiii° Asiam fere totam pera-
gravit et descripsit.

1. P. Wightiana, — ^Ad Dindigul. — Wight, cat, n, 1406. — Erigeron Wightia-
num^ Wall,! cat, n, 3284. — Erigeron dubium^ Spreng, in litt, ad Wall, — Variat
glabriusculum aut pubescens.

IV. PSIADIA. Jacq, hort, Schasnbr, 3. p, 13. 1. 162.— Psiadia et Elphegea,

Cass, non Less,

1. P. integerrima (DC. prod. 5.) — Wight, cat. n, 1407. — Baccbaris viscosa.

Lam, diet, 1. p, 346. — Elpbegea minor^ Ca^s, diet. 14. p, 362. Certe in in-

mlis Mauritianis spontanea^ in Peninsula Indica culta.

2. V , halsamica {J)C prod. 6.) — Wight, cat. n, 1408. — Conyza balsamica,

WaU, ! cat, n, 3068. — Baccbaris arguta^ Pers. ertch, 2. p, 423. Certe Mauri-

tiana ; in India culta.

To this belongs Eupatoriumjlexuosu/m^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 415.

V. MYRI ACTIS. Less, in Linnasa, 1831, p, 127 ; Syn, 193.

1. M. Wightiiy erecta^ sparse pilosa, foliis inferioribus ovatis basi longe cu-
neato-attenuatis grosse inciso-dentatis superioribus oblongis integris sessili-

bus, dentibus apicibusque folionim calloso-mucronatis. Ad Neelgherry. —

Wight, cat. n, 1409. — Valde accedit ad M, javanicam, DC. (^Bellidemjavanicam,
Blum. ! bijdr. 917), et fere utraque media inter Myriactidem ei Ijagenophoram
ob ligulas bi nee multiseriatas et achsenia fere omnino erostria. Involucrura
idrsutiusculum post anthesin reflexum. Liguke ex sicco albidse.

VI. VICOA. Cass. ann. se. nat. 1829, tom. 17. p. 418; Less. syn. 190.

1. V. Indica, foliis basi auriculatis lanceolatis acuminatis serratis subintc-

gcrrimisve utrinque plus minus puberulis, ligulis disco duplo longioribus.

In India or. frequens. — Inula Indica, WilSi, sp, 3. p, 2092; Wall.! cai. n.
2964.

This is Dorontcum calcaratum^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 434; in E. I. C. mus. tab. 433.

Aster Indicus, Willd. sp. 3. p. 2041 (excl. syn. Linn.)— Burro. Zeyl. t. 55. f. 2; Pluk.
t. 149. f. 3; t. 340. fol. 29. pi. 13.

»,serrata; foliis serratis. — Wight, cat. n. 1411.

DiCHRCOCEPHALA. ASTEROIDEiE. 11

VII. CJESULIA. Rojcb. coram, 1. j». 64. L 93.

1. C. amllaris (Roxb. ! 1. c.) In oryzetis prope Tanjore. — Wight, cat.

n. 1411 ; Wall,! cat. n. 3183. ^Meyera orientalis, Don, prod, 180.

This is also C. ctxillaris^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 447.

VIII. DICHROCEPHALA. Vher, mss. l788.--^Centipeda, Less. syn. 200,

non Lour.

Car. gen. Lessingii omnino scrvandus.

1. D. latifolia (DC. prod. 5.) In Mysore, Wight, cat. n. 1412. — Cotula

bicolor. Roth. cat. hot. 2. p. 116. — Cotula latifolia, Pers. ench. 2. p. 464. —
Grangea latifolia. Lam, ill. t. 699./. 1. — Cotula sinapifolia. Wall. ! cat. n. 3237
{excL litt. g quts genus proprium format : Tbespis erecta, DC.) — Spilanthus
atriplicifolius, Houtt, ! in h. J)eless.

This is Cotula miapifolia, Boxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 437 ; in E. I. C. mus. tab. 1643.

2. D. chrysanthemifolia (DC. prod. 6.) In India or. — Wight, cat. n. 1413.

— Cotula chrysanthemifolia, Blum* ! bijdr. 918.

IX. SPH^RANTHUS. Linn. gen. n. 998 (non Scop.)

§ 1. EusPHiERANTHUs. (DC. prod. 5.)

Glomeruli axis plena nee lacunosa. Bractese omnes lineares molles capituUs
subeequales, exteriores vix ac ne vix involucrum generale constituentes.

1. S. hirtus ( Willd. sp. 3. p. 2395.) Frequens in oryzetis peninsulee In-

dicee. — Blum.! bijdr. 891 ; Wall. ! cat. n, 3178. a,e,f; Wight, cat, n, 1414. —
Burm. Zeyl. t. 94:, f, 3?

To this belongs S. mollis^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 446 ; in E. I. C. mus. tab. 437 ; and
Rheed. Mai. 10. t. 43. Dr Wight possesses another species, which, although sent to
Dr Wallich, is omitted by De CandoUe : it is —

S. Indicus (Linn.) — ^S. Indicus, herb. Wight, olim: Wight, cat, n. 1415 — S. Afri-
canus, Wall, cat, n, 3179. e,—PlMk. t, 108. /. 7. (pedunc. passim, delin.) ; i.
312. /. 6.

§ 2. PoLYCEPHALos. (Forsk. descr. M%. p. 154.) — Oligolepis, Cass. diet. 50.

p. 202.

Glomeruli axis cayo-lacunosa. Bractese omnes ovato-lanceolatse cuspida-
t88 rigidsB capitala superantes, exteriores vix ac ne vix invol. gener. consti->
tuentes.

..'. 2. S. amaranthoides (Burm. fl. Ind. 186.) In humidis provincise Tanjore

ad oppidum Negapatam. — Wight, cat. n. 1416. — S. Zeylanicus, Heyn, ew
Wall, cat, n, 3180. — Fluk. amalth. t. 357./. 6. — AflSnis S. suaveolenti, sed dif-
fert foliis angustioribus interdum integerrimis subtus punctatis, pedunculis
brevissimis apteris, bracteis acuminatissimis.

X. BLEPHARISPERMUM. Wight.

Capitula innumera in glomerulum globosum coacervata, biflora : fl. tubu-
losis; altero foemineo breviter 3-4-dentato gracili; altero masculo 5-den-
tato- Recept. capituli angustissimum, palea Uneari inter flores interjecta.
Invol. squamee exter. paucsB (2 ?), breves, ovatse, inter. 2 flosculis eequales, al-
tera sub flore fcemineo plana, alt. sub flore masculo conduplicata. Stylus bre-

12 ASTEKOlDEit. BLKPIlARISPERMrM.

vis inclusus^ apice vix biOdus^ infra eniarginaturaui tuinidulus subpuberuluK.
Antberse apice appendiculata; basi subcaudatee. Acheenium f1. fern, obconi-
pressissimum obovali-oblongum subtetragonum, angulis duobus nervifonuibus
glabris^ 2 marginalibus loDge ct regulariter ciliatis ! : fl. masc. ovarium gracile
elongatum glabrum. Pappus ach. faem. paleis scariosis 2-j5 acuminatissiinis^
ach. masc. nullis. — Suffrutices Ceylonenses glaberrimi. Rami teretes graciles.
Folia altema ovata aut ovalia integerrima penninervia. Pedunculi 1-3 ad api-
cem rami 1-cephali. — An potius capitula 4-flora dicenda ? nemjie colligpeus
dua contigua in unicum ? Car. prsecipne ex CI. peHolari. — Gemis singalaris-
simum ad Cynareos primo ex stylo relatum^ sed potius accedere videtur ad
SpJuBranthum mediante Athroismatey DC. {SpfuBrantho laciniato, Wall. cat.
n. dl84.)

* 1. B. petiolare, foliis petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis, glomcrulis
temis longe pedunculatis, bracteis in vol. universalis parvis merabranaccis ci-
pitulis brevioribus. In Ccylona prope Ugandamalej. — Wight, cut. n. 1417.

To this, perhaps, ought to be referred Pluk. t. 391. f. 1. The following; is the de-
scription made by Klein when he collected the plant, Feb. 29. 1796 — " Syngenesia
Polyg. Segregata — Calyx communis polyphyllus ; foliolis ovato-lanceolatis. Perianr
thium partiale 4.llorum pentaphyllum ; loliolis ovatis carinatis, quinto minimo, duo-
bus hermaphrodites, duobus roemineos includentibus.'--Coro//a compoHta ex herma-
phrodis duobus et fcemineis duobus. Corolla propria hermaphroditi monopetala, in-
nindibuliformis 5-fida. Corolla fceminea tubinosa, tridendata.— iS'tomtTia. Filamen-
ta 5, brevissima. Anthera c^'lindracea, tubulosa. — Pistillum hermaphroditis : germen
obsoletum : stylus filiformis : stigma obtusum, prominulum. Focmineis : germen

ovatum, compressum : stylus filuormis: stigma bi^dum Pericarpium nullum —

Semen hermaphroditis sterile : fcemineis ovatum, compressum, e lateribus ciliatum.

PappuA coronatus e setis duobus emergentibusinsequalibus Receptaculum commttne

squamosum ; partiale paleaceum. — Caulis suffruticoflUK, teres. — Folia altema, petio^
lata, ovato-lanceolata, integerrima, glabra. — Flores pedunculati, capitati, tenmnales
axillaresque."

2. B. svbsessiky foliis ellipticis utrinque attenuatis subsessilibus, gomenilo
terminali solitario subsessili^ bracteis invol. univ. foliaceis capitula superanti-
bus. In Ceylona. — Wight, cat. n. 1418. — WaU. cat. n. 7524 (sine nonmie).

XI. GRANGEA. Adans.fam. p. 121.

1. G. Maderaspatana (Poir, suppl. 3. p. 825. non Desf. Delil.) In pa«-

cuis bumidis prope Madras frequens. — Wight, cat. n. 1419. — Cotula Madecas-

patana^ Willd. sp. 3. p. 2170 ; Wall. cat. n. 3235. — Grangea Adansonii^ Cains,

diet. 19. p. 304. — Species ^g^^ptiaca (6r. agyptiaca, DC. prodr. 5) cum liac a

pluribus confusa est divcrsa praBScrtim ex fructus structura.

This is Artemisia Madraspatana, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 42*2; in E. l.C. mus- tab. 424. —
Rheed. Mai. 10. t. 49.

XII. CYATHOCLINE. Castf. art. sc. nat. 1829. torn. 17. p. 410.

1. C. lyrata (Cass. 1. c.) In Ind. or. variis locis; in Pegu (Bclanofcr !),

Xepaulia (WaU. !), etc. — Wight, cat. n. 1420. — Tanacetum viscosum. Wall.!
cM. n. 3232^ a, b, c, rf, (excl. jam monente cl. Lessing, litt. e,/, ad Cyathocli-
nem strictam, DC. referendis).

Part of Dr Wight's specimens are from Rottler, given him by Heyne, and collect-
ed in the Circars: they bear the name of Artemisia paniculata ; these we presume to
be Wall. L. n. .3231. /, but they are certainly not distinct from the specimens exa-
mined by De Candolle, and here called C. lyrata. Lessing's characters appear to us
only to apply to extreme states, between which our specimens seem to be interme-
diate.

Hmmka. ASTKKOIDE.K. ]:i

«

XIII. BLUMEA. DC. (non Syreng. nee Nees,) — Erigeron, Dim, prod. JL
Nep, 171. (non Linn.) — Conyzse spec, peraque auct. Ind.

Capitulum multiflomm heterogamum> fl. radii mnltiserialibus foemineis te-
nuissime tubulosifi truncatis aut 2-3-dentati8^ disci paucis (5-25) masculis tu~
buloBis 5-dentati8. Rec. nudum planum. Inv. pluriseriale imbricaturo,
squamis linearibus acuminatis. Antberse basi ecaudatee. Acheenium tere-
tiusculum (nee ut in Conyza et Eregeronte compressum). Pappus 1-serialis^
setis capillaribus vix scabris. — Herbse Indicse (paucissimee Africanae) inter-
dum sufirutescentes. Folia alterna. Capitula sccpius corymbosa.— Genus
Indicum numero specierum (fere 80) insigne dicatum cl. Blume de Botanica
Indica optime merito et inter Botanicos prseclaros rite numerando. Blumea
Spreng. est Reinvsardtia Blume^ et Blumea Necs est Talanma; unde nomen
vacat !

§ 1. ArtEKMf nempefoliis non decurrentilms.

1. B. arenaria (DC. prod.:) basi glabriuscula apice undique sericeo-villo>
sissima^ caule a basi ramosa difiuso tereti^ foliis oblongis sessilibus muorone
calloso acutis integerrimis aut acute denticulatis^ pedunculis solitariis 1-ce-
phalis hirsuto-lanatis axillaribus terminalibusque^ invol. squamis linearibus

acuminatis dorso hirsutii apice ciliatis^ corollis masculis apice barbatis.

In arenosis prope Negapatam. — Wight, cat. n, \433i, — Convza villosa^ Wail. I
cat. n. 3105 (non 3083, nee Willd!). — ^Radix longa gracilis. Fl. foem. stylo
longe exserto, masc. paucL

2. B. tenella (DC. prod. 5. :) caule herbaceo multicipiti puberulo tereti
parce ramoso^ foliis oblongis basi obtuse cordato semiamplexicaulibus acutis
distanter acute et calloso-dentatis pube parva scabridis summis acuminatis
subintegerrimis, pedunculis terminalibus et oppositifoliis 1-cephalis puberis
folio triplo longioribus, invol. squamis linearibus acuminatis disco fere sub-
longioribus. — In arenosis versus Negapatam, et etiam ex herb. DC. in insula
Timor. — Wight cat. n. 1422. — Fl. flavi, foem. innumeri, masc. 8-9, antheris in-
clusis. A£5jiis B. amplectenti, DC. {Wall. n. 3096), ct B. oligocepha]»
{Wall. ! cat. n. 3104^.)

3. B. amplectens (DC. prod. 5.:) caule herbaceo piloso tereti divaricato-
ramoso, foliis junioribus villosis, adultis subglabratis, caulinis ovatis semiam-
plexicaulibus acute dentatis, infinis hinc inde basi incisis, pedunculis paucis
snbterminalibus folio paulo longioribus. — In ruderatis ut arenosis frequens
circa Negapatam. — Wight, cat. n. 1423. — Erigeron obliquum, Linn. mant.
572? (ex Ru88. herb., et ideo Conyza obliqua, WiUd. sp. 3. p. 1930 ?) — Cony-
za amplexicaulis. Lam. diet. 2. p. 85? — Conyza amplectens, WaU/ cat. n.
3096. — Fl. foem. pluriseriales stigm. exsertis rubris, masc. 15-20 antheris ex-
sertis.

4. B. anagaUidifolia (DC. prod. 5. :) caulibus a collo multiplicibus diffusis
ramosis teretibus apice puberulis, foliis caulinis ovali-oblongis sessilibus hinc
inde acute dentatis, rameis lanceolatis integerrimis puberulis, capitulis longe
peiicellatis solitariis axillaribus terminalibusque inpaniculam foliosam laxam
subcorymbosam dispositis, invol. squamis linearibus acutis glabriusculis disco

paulo longioribus. In humidis ad Negapatam frequens, etiam in Pegu ex

cl. Belanger.-^W%W. cat. n. 1424. — Fl. foem. innumeri, masculi 10-12 cor.
apice subbarbatis. — Conyza anagallidifolia, WaU. I cat. n. 3098.

Rheed. Mai. 10. t. 18, and Pluk. t. 19. f. 4, probably belong to this species.

5. B. oligocephala (DC. prod. 5. :) parce puberula herbacea multicaulis sub-
diffusa, foliis inferioribus obovato-oblongis basi cuneatis super, oblongo-ova-

14 ASTEROIDE^. Blumba.

libufi sessilibus subsemiamplexicaulibus omnibuB apice remote et acute den-
tstis^ pedunculis 1-3 ex apice caulium villosis l-cephalis folio long^onbns^

invol. squamis linearibus acuti« discum sequantibus. Circa Madras. — Co-

nvza amplexicaulis^ Wight in Wall, ! cat, n, 3104 (non Ijim. nee MichS) —
Fl. masc. 16-20 antheris exsertis (descr. ex coll. Wall,)

6. B. hifoliata (DC. prod. ;) caule herbaceo adscendente tereti ramoso apice
prsesertim puberulo, foliis acute dentatis infer, ovatis basi longe attennatis
^labriusculis superioribuB sessilibus oblongis cuneatis puberis, pedunculis
axillaribus supra basin seepius folia duo subopposita gerentibus^ pedioeUis
elongatis 1-cephalis, invol. squamis linearibus acutis disco subsequalibus.-— *-
In nemorosis numidis prov. Tangore, et Travancore, ac in multis aliis locis
frequens. — Wight, cat, n, 1425. — Conyza foliolosa, Wight! in Wall! cat, n. 3092
(non 3030, nee Willd,) — Conyza bracteolata, Rottl, ! in herb. Puer, — Pl^-
aim, t. Vl^,f, 1. — Cor. masc. 8-16 flavidse apice vix barbellat®, antheria in-
clusis.

This is Conyza bifoliata, Linn. sp. p. 1207 ; Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 430 ; in E. 1. C. mus.
tab. 431 ; and C. axUlarit, Lam.

7. B. barbata (DC. prodr. :) caule berbaceo erecto simplici tereti pilosiuscu-
lo^ foliis lanceolatis basi attenuatis acute et distanter serratis acutis supra
parce puberis subtus dense et adpresse sericeo-villosis^ ramis axillaribus folio
brevioribus foliolis apice racemosis, summis corvmbosis, invol. squamis linea-
ribus acutis glabriusculis disci longitudine. In Ind. or. — Wight cat, n. 1426.

— Conyza barbata. Wall, ! cat. n, 3099. — FL flavidi, foem. innumeri stylo ex-
serto bifido, masc. 6 cor. apice glabriusculis.

8. B. Wightiana (DC. prod. :) caule herbaceo erecto tereti striate puberulo^
foliis inferioribus petiolatis ovalibus basi cuneatis obtuse et inequaliter denta>
ds subobtusis super, cuneatis ovali-oblongis, capitulis in paniculam racemo-
sam interruptam terminalem digestis, invol. squamis linearibus acutis intimis
glabriusculis disco paulo longioribus, corollis masculis extus tuberculodo-

^ndulosis. In India prope Madras et ex Belanger prope Pondicbery. —

Wight, cat. n, 1427. — Conyza Wightiana, Wall, ! cat, n, 3093. — ^Fl, foem. innu-
meri tenues, masc. 8-12 ex sicco rubentes.

In Dr Wight^s specimens, named by De Candolle, the leaves are very acQt«ly
toothed. Conyxa hifoliata^ herb. Madr. in WalL I L. n. 3091, seems to be qaite the
same.

9. B. Ia4:era (DC. prod.) — Wight, eat, n, 1428. — Conyza lacera, auctar,
ety Burmanni, — Burm,fl, Ind, 180. t, 59,/, 1.

0, Commergonii, — C. lacera. Lam. I diet. 2. p, 83.

y, Wallichii ; foliis obovatis profimde et acute dentatis, panicula laxa.

In Silhet, China, etc.— C. lacera, WaU. ! cat, n, 3046 et 3082, forte
etiam C. villosa. Wall. eat. n. 3083.

3. Blumei. — C. Javanica, Blume ! Bijdr, 897.

To this species belongs C. lacera^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 428 ; in E. I. C. mus. tab.
429.

10. B. glanduloM (DC. prod. :) tota brevissime piloso-fflandulosa, caule
herbaceo erecto subtereti striato-nervoso, foliis caulinis breviter petiolatis ova^-
tis subacuminatis irregulariter dentatis basi lyrato-incisis rameis basi cunea-
tis obovato-oblongis subdentatis, capitulis ad apices ramorum paniculam fo-
liosam constituentibus, pediculis ramosis glandulosis folio brevioribus, invo-

Ittcr. squamis linearibus acutis disco eequalibus. Prope Negapatam. —

Wight, cat, n. 1429. — Fl. ilavidi glabri, masc. circitcr 10. Recep. convexum.

C. bifoliata, herb. Madr. (not Wall. L. n. 3091), forms part of Wight*s No. 1429.

11. B. viren$ (DC. prod. :) caule herbaceo erecto tereti glabro ramose, fo-
liis rigtdulifl sessilibus utrinquc sparse puberulis caulinis elongatis baai cu-

Blumba. AaTEKOIDEjE. IS

nefttLi seseilibiu Irifldis (lobis lanceolatia inucronaliG regulaiher senatis ter-
minali longiore) ramcia obovalis bosi cuneatis sparea aerralis, panicals lonea,
pedicellis oxillaribuB folio iongioribus I-G-cepfaatis, capitulis pedicellatis, in-

sol, Bquamis inter, linearibus disco longioribua mucronatis. In arenosis

maritimis ad Negapatam. Circara ; Heyne ; Russell. — Wight, etit. n. 1430. —
Conyia virens. Wall. ! cat. n. 3037. c— Ecigeron virens, Rm». .' herb.— Ft.
purpiuBBCentes, mosc. 5.

13. B. lapeanoides (DC. prodr,;J glabra, caule hetbacco erecto teceti ra-
moso, foliis petiolatis membratiactiB caulinia sinuato-repaiidis hioc inde mu-
cronato-semilatis (lobis mucronatis lateralibiis siibtriaugTilaribus terminali
ovato) rameis obovatis vix subserratis, jianicula laxa oligiiccpliala, ramoB late-
mlibus foliosis, capitulis pedicellatis, invol. squamiB Tineacibus mucronatis
disco paulo long^oribus.— — Ad Courtallutn.- — Wight, eat. n. 1431. — Conyza
Tirens, Watt. ! eat. m. 3037. a, b, d.—Vl. flavidi, masc. 10-12. Achienin gla-
bra. Afilnis priori et B. hjTiienophyllse {Wall. ! cat. n. 3038.)

18, B. Heyneana (DC. prod. :) caule berbaceo erecto ramogisBinio subtilia-
fiime Btiiatiilo et puberulo, foliia oblongis basi atteouatis apice obtUEis bine
inde deutes eisertoa oeutos gerentibua utrinqiie glabriusculia infer, basi Ij-
rato-auiitie, panicula foliosalaxa cainis folii longitudine apice subcoiymbo-
sis, inToL aquamis linearibus acuminatis doisc subpubcrulis disco paulo lon-

gioribuB. In Ind. or.— ffis*'. "i* »■ 1432.— Conyia Heyneana, Wall. ! eat.

n. 3089.— Conyis aurito, Heyn. ! herb, (non Linn. /.)— Fl. flavidi, Sana, in-
nunieri stylo exserto, mase. circit. 13.

14. B. hieraci/nlia (DC. prod:) tola, hirsuta, cauie lierbaceo erecto tereti
Mmplici, foliis calloso-dentatis infer, obovatis obtusia in pctiolum attenuatjs
super. ovalibuB oblongisvc acutis sessiKbuB aut Gemiamplexicaulibus, cnpitulis
s«ssilibuB confertis in thyrsura ovato-oblon|runi digestis, inv. aquamis linearis

bus acuminatis glabmisculia disco losgioiibus. In Ind. or. — Wight, eat. n,

1433. — Erigeron hieracifolium, Don. prod. 37Z.^Conyza communis, Wall. !
ca/.301B.— Conyza hieracifolia. Spreng, /igat. 3. p. 514.— Fl. fcem. innumcri
stylo eiserto subindiviao, maac. fi.

15. D. glomemta (DC. prod.:) tota villoso-aubhirauta cinerea, eaalc herbaceo
eteoto tereti ramoso, ramis in paniculam dispositis foliosis apiee capitula ses-
«illa glomerata intemipte spicata gerentibns, foliis lanccolatia aerratis utrin-
que acutis, invol. squamis multiserialibuB, ext. minimis, intimis linearibuB

flores paulo superantibus. In arenosis maritimis circa Madras et Negapa-

tam. Ad Montes Circara ; ffeytie ; RoxImTgh. — Wight, cat. n. 1434. — Conyza
glomcrata. Wall./ eat. n. 3056. — Fl. fcem. Tix TnaBCuUs numerosiores tnincati,
stigmate bifido purpurco ; maac. circiter 30 1, antheria luteis exeettis.

Coa. JbtuUmt, Roxb, Ind. 3. p. 420; C. ipioata, Roxb. in E. I. C. mus. tab. 438;
^'ettainty belongs to this spocies.

16. B. erianlha (DC. pmd. :) caule berbaceo etccto tereti basi glabro apice
ramoso et moUiseimo liispido, foliis m<^mb^anaceis caulinis sessilibus ovali~
bus acute et exserte apiculato-dentatia molliter pubcscentibus aummis cor-
dato-amplexicaulibus, peduncnlia axillaribus et terminalibus 1-cephalis soli-
tariis aut paucis aggregatis demum valdu olongatis, invol. squamis linearibus

ciliatis acuminatis, corollis fcem. et maac. apice barbatis. In Ind. or.— ^

Wight, eat. n. 1436.— Fl. masc. 25-30.

17. B. aryodonta (DC. prod. :) hetbacea villia longis sericeis laxe villosa,
caulibua plurlbus tenuibus aimplicibna diffnsis, foliis argute et S'Tosse serratia
subtus magis sericeo-vUlosis infimia obovatis petiolatis super ellipticia sub-
seasilibus, capitulis paucis ad apices ramnrum racemosO'Corymbosis subses-

silibuS] involucri squamis linearibus acuminatis disco paulo longioribua.

Ad littora maris versus Neeapatam. — Wight, ent. n. 1436. — Cony/a oxyodon-
M, Wail, ! att. H. 3016. — Fl. fojm, pliiriseriales. masc. 16-20. Pappus parcus,
CMiub, deciduus.

I
I

10 ASTEUOlDKiK. Cony»a.

§ 2. Cauloptkr*, nempefolHs spcuh caulem in alam fo/iaceani (fentrrejittbus,

18. B. pterodonta (DC. prod. :) caule herbaceo tereti ramoso vix ftubpube^

rulo^ foliis elliptico-oblongis glabris subserratis iu alam profande et acate

dentatam fere incisam longe productis^ ramis foliosis subpaniculatia apice

mono aut oligo-cephalis^ pedicellis nudis^ invol. squamis ext. oblongis folia—

ceis brevibus intimis scariosis linearibus acutis flores paulo superandbos.

Ad littora maris^ locis arenosis magis in Coromandelia frequens. — Wight, cat,

n, 1437. — Conyza alata. Wail. I eat, n, 3039, 6. — Facile diSSert a B. alata cu-

jus alsD decurrentcs integrsB.

Part of Dr Wight's specimens are from Bottler *s herbarium, under the name of C.
alata, obtained n-om Heyne, and gathered in Mysore : consequently 3039. a, of I>r
Wallich's List ought surely not to Be separated.

19. B.aurita (DC. prod.:) hirsuto-villosa, caule erecto tereti ramose^ fbliia

lyrato-pinnatipartitis (lobis oblongis acutis deutatis terminali majoie) infer.

basi decurrentibus secus caulem 1-2 auritis, panicula terminali laxa, capita-

lis pedicellatis erectis invol. squamis lanceolatis acuminatis ext. doiso lur-

sutis inter, subscariosis disco paulo longioribus. In ruderatis et apxicur

circa Madras frequens et per totum littus Coromandelianum. — Wight, eat. »•

1438.— Conyza aurita, Lin.f, suppL 367; Wall. I cat. n. 3069 et 3086.

Con. aurita, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 428 ; C. terehinthacea, Roxb. in K I. C. mas. tab.
430 ; Pluk. t. 422. f. 1 ; and perhaps 60. f. 3. (&om a bad specimen) are referable here.

XIV. CONYZA. Less. syn. 203.— Eschenbachia, Mcench. meth. 673. —
Dimorphantes et Fimbrillaria, Cass. — Conyzse sp., auct.

Caract. Lessingiano adde : acbsenia compressa.

1. C. ahsinthifolia (Wall. ! cat. n. 2994;) pilosiusculo-pubescens erecta »-

mosissima, foliis obovato-oblongis mucronatis basi cuneato-attenuatis infer.

grosse paucidentatis super, integerrimis^ panicula corymbosa ramosissima

polycephala, invol. squamis linearibus acuminatis disco brevioribus. ^In

montanis Dindifful et Neelgherry ; Vellore, Rottler. — Wight, cat. n. 1439. —

Conyza pinnatinda var. Roxh. eat. cole. 61. — Erigeron pinnatifidum var. Don.

prod. 172. — Ambigit inter Erigerontem et Conyzam ob flores foemineos extos

subproductos et ligulse originem quasi indicantes. Achaenium parvum gla-

brum lenticulare compressum. Pappus subrufescens.

This is C. jnnnatifiday Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 430, and C. stricta, Willd. sp. 3. p. 1922,
according to Willdenow in herb. Madr., Rottl., and Heyne. Perhaps it might oe only
justice to restore the name stricta.

XV. EPALTES. X(^f^»- ^'^^^- philom. 1818, p. 139.)— Etbulia, Gartn.

non Cass.

1. E. divaricata (Cass. 1. c. et diet. 15. p. 6.) In oryzetis Ind. or. fre-
quens. — Wight, cat. n. 1440. — Etbulia divaricata, Lin. mant. 110 ; Burnt. Ind.
t. 68./. 1 ; WaU. I cat. n. 2988. a, b.—{Pluk. t. 160./. 6 ; t. 378./. 2.)

The figure in Pluk. t. 21 . f. 4, usually quoted here, appears to belong to Wall. L.
n. 2988, c.

XVI. PLUCHEA. Less. syn. 207.— Pluchea et Chsenobolus, Cass. diet. 42.

p.l.et 49. p. 337.
NB. Genus polytj'pum in posteram verisimiliter dividendum !

Conyza corymbosa, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 426; in E. I. C. mus. tab. 1172; appears to
be P. Indica, Less.

1. P. tomentosa : fruticosa^ ramis teretibus^ ramulis et foliis utrinque pnbe
brevi vix tomentosa griseo-velutinis^ foliis obovatis ovalibusve cordato-semi-
amplexicaulibus dentatis subdecurrentibus^ pednnculis ex axillis snperioribus

DoLiPTA* ASTEROIDE^. 17

ortis folio limgioribus capitula pedicellata conferta gerentibus in paniculam
confertam breyem dispositis, invoL squamis oblongo-linearibus acutis disco

paulo brevioribas. -In agro Mysore. — Wight, cat. n. 1441. — Conyza tomen-

tosa^ Wall. ! cat. n. 3031 (non MiU. nee Forsk.) — Eupatorium Mysorense^
Heyn. I herb. — Affinis PI. Indicse^ Less., et PL Dioscoridis^ DC.

XVII. SIEGESBECKIA, Linn. hort. diff. 412.

1. S. orientalis (Linn. sp. 1269.) In montibus Dindigul altitud. 2000 ad

2500 ^ed.— Wight, cat. n. 1442.

S. oriefUalis, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 439; Wall. L. n. 3182. — S. brachiata^ Roxb. L c,
and in £. I. C. mus. tab, 434, appears to be the same.

XVIII. ECLIPTA. Linn. mant. 157.— Micrelium, Forsk.

1. E. erecta (Linn. mant. 286 ? ; Willd. sp. 3. p. 2217.) In graminosis

bumidis et argillosis frequens. — Wight, cat. n. 1443. — E. erecta^ Linn., est

forte -E. longifolia^ Schrad., sed cum omnes auctores banc pre specie LinnsB-

ana receperint etiam nomen servandum videtur.

*•* Annual, scabrous, from erect to prostrate. Verbesina prostrate^ and alba^ sp. pi.
p. 1272, and I suspect E. erecta^ punctata^ and prostrata, are only one and the same
species, or at most but accidental varieties, from age, soil, and situation ; at least I
have never found any other in India to compare wiUi them." — Roxb.

2. E. parviflora (Wall. ! cat. n. 3213 :) caule prostrato repente adpresse

strigoso, foliis obloDgo-lanceolatis utrinque acuminatis subintegerrimis sub-

scabridis pedunculis 1-2 capitulo vix duplo longioribus. In bumidis fire-

quentissima. — Wight, cat. n. 1444. — Habitus E. prostratee et folia E. erectse,

sed caulibus radicantibus ab utraque diversa.

Almost all the species of the genus throw out roots, in a wet soil, from near the

bottom of the stems : the shape of the leaves is very inconstant Perhaps Pluk. 1. 118.

f. 5, belongs to this species.

XIX. BLAINVILLEA. Cass, journ. phys. 1823, p. 216 ; diet. 29. p. 493.

1. B. latifolia (DC, prod. :) foliis rbomboideis acuminatis grosse dentatis

utrinque sparse pubescenti-birtellis, ramis (petiolisque) birtellis oppositis

summis dicbotomis, pedunculis petiolo plerumque brevioribus. Apud

Rajahmundry, Patboocottab, ad montes Dindygul et in bumidis prov. Madu>

lensis. — Wight, cat. n. 1445. — Eclipta latLTolia, Linn.f. suppl. 3y8. et Linn.

kerb, (ex Wight!). — Verbesina dicbotoma. Wall. I cat. n. 3204. c, e, (non

Murr. qu8B ad B. dichotomam, DC. sen B. rhomboideam, Cass, referenda).

This is Verbesina Lavenia^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 442. (not Linn.) or V. calendulacea^
Roxb. in E. I. C. mus. tab. 435 (not of authors), and Pluk. t. 382. f. 6.

Trib. IV.— SENECIONIDEJS. Less. syn. 218.

I. XANTHIUM. Linn. gen. 1056.

1. X. indiicum (Roxb. cat. calc. 67. :) involucro fructigero ovali inter aeu-

ItOB et ad basin rostrorum pubescente, rostris apice uncinatis. In rudeiatii

frequens. — Wight, cat. n. 1446. — X. orientale^ Linn. sp. 1400 (excl. syn.). —
X. cbinense, MiU. dictf-^-X. Indicum, Wall./ cat. n. 3181.— Differt a X.
strumario rostris apice uncinatis nee rectis.

11. WEDELIA. Jacq.; Less. syn. 222. (non Adans.)

§ 1. Immlucro uniseriali 4-5 pHiylh.
1. \i\ calendulacea (Less. syn. 222., non Rich.). In Ind. or. — Wight.

B

18 SENICIOKIDEJB:. WBDKX.IA.

eat, n, 1447. — Verbesina calendulacea, lAnn. sp, 1272; Linn, herb, (ex

Wight!) ; Wall, ! cat, n, S20&.-^Burm. Zeyi. t. 22./. 1.

This is Verb, calendulacea, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 440 ; in £. I. C. mus. tab. 978 ; and
Bheed. MaL 10. t. 42.

§ 2. Involucro Useriali circiter lO-phylh.

2. W. biflora (DC. prod.}-T — Frequens in provincia Tanjore versus oppi-
dum Negapatam. — Wight, cat. n, 1448. — Verbesina biflora, Linn, sp. 1272;
Linn, herb, (ex Wight,); Wall.! cat, n. 3207 (excL 6).— Acmella biflora^
Spreng. syst, 3. p. 691. — Rheede, Mai. 10. t. 40.

Verbes, HAora^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3jp. 440, also belongs to this species.— We scarcely
know why De Candolle excludes Wall. L. n. 3207. b, and refers it to the next species :
part of the specimens Dr Wight sent to Dr Wallich marked " Verb, biflora,'*'' and
therefore forming the letter b of Dr Wallich, have been recognised bv De Candolle
himself as his Wedelia biflora ; they are n. 1448 of Wight's catalogue. Dr Wight sent
at the same time specunens of another plant mark^ " Verbesina " simply; this i»
IV. urticafolia /S ; it is possible that Dr Wallich may have mixed the two, and sent
only the latter to De Candolle.

3. W. urticcefoha (DC. prod. :) herbacea subscandens, foliis petiolatis ova-
to-lanceolatis grosse et subins&qualiter serratis utrinque strigoso-hispidis basi
breve apice longe acuminatis et sfiepe incurvis, pedunculis solltariis l-cepha-
lis, invol. squamis 10 biseriatis acuminatis dorso pubero-strigosis, paleis acu-
minatissimis, achseniis exaristatis.

u, WaUichii. — Wedelia Wallichii, Lese. in Linnaa, 1831, p. 162.

/3, Wightiiy pedunculis folii circiter longitudine, foliis basi breviter acu-
minatis parce strigosis. In coUibus Dindigul. — Wight, cat. n, 1449.

— Verbesina urticsefolia, Wight ! herb. olim. — • V erbesina biflora. Wall. !
cat. n. 3207, 6, et forte d.

y ? scaberrima. — Verbesina scaberrima. Wall. ! cat. n. 3201. — Verbesina
urticsefolia, Blume ! bijdr. 911. — An species propria?

III. RAMTILLA. DC. diss. soc. gener. 1833, cum icon.

Capitulum multiflorum heterogamum, fl. radii ample ligulatis fcemineis
sterilibus, disci hcrmaphroditis tubulosis 5-dentatis. Rccept. paleis membra-
naceis obtusis 3-lineatis inter flores onustum. InvoL squamis 5 ovatis folia-
ceis subuniseriatis disco sequalibus. Cor. omnes ima basi torquari pilonim
articulatorum confertorum manicatse, tubulosse ad faucem abrupte dilatatsB et '
pilos paucos conformes extus gerentes. Stylus radii tenuissimus glaber inter-
dum nuUus, disci stigmata apice appendiculata hispidissima exserta gerens.
Acbsenia scssilia oblonga glabra calva. — Herba indica trichotoma erecta. Fo-
lia opposita subcordato amplexicaulia lanceolata remote serrata scabrida.
Pedunculi 1-cepbali saepe tcmi. Flores lutei. Acbsenia intus oleosa.

1. R. oleifera (DC. 1. c). — Wight, cat, n. 1450.

a, sativa ; foliis elongato-lanccolatis grosse serratis, ramulis floridis elo&-

gatis subcorymbosis. Culta ad eliciendum oleum in agro Mysoren-

si notum sub nom. Ram-Til seu Ram-Tilla, et in Bengalo Kui9-yei^
loo, Werrinua, etc. — Verbesina sativa, Roxb, cat. calc. 62 ; (fl. Ind, 3,
p. 441 ; in E. I. C. mus, tab. 1G44; Wall. L. n. 3206) ; SinCe hot. mag.
1. 1017.— Bidens? Ramtilla, Wall! cat. n. 3191.

This is Verb, sativa, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 441 : in E. L C. mus. tab. 1644 •
Wall. L. n. 3206.

/3, angustior ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis subdentatis, ramulis axillaribus flo-
riferis brevissirais.— Helianthus oleifer. Wall.! cat, n. 3194.

PiosNS. aEN£CiONIP£J&. Id

IV. BIDENS. Linn, gen. n, 932 ; Less, syn, 290. — Bidens et KeiBei^^ '

Cass, diet.

3500

1. B. Chinensis (Willd. sp. 3. p. 1719.) Ad montes Dindygul, alt.

-4000 ]^ed,— Wight, cat. n. 1451.— B. Chmensis, WaUi ! cat. n. 3189. d,

B, bipiimaia, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 411 (in £. L C. mus. tab. 1635), and Pluk. t. 22.
f. 4^ seem to be this plant.

2. B. Berteriana (Spreng. ! syst. 3. p. 454.) In Porto-Rico (Bert. !), in-
sula Trinitatis (Sieb. ! n. 162)^ in Martinioa (forte semina introducta ex Duby 1
herb.)^ in Indui Mader. ex seminibus a provinc. Barrahmal allatis (Wight \
herb.). — Wight, eat. n, 1452.

3. B. grandiftora (Balb.) In Mexico spontanea^ in Ind. or. culta.i —
Wigiht. eat. n. 1453.

V. GLOSSOGYNE. Cass, diet, 58. p, 476.

1. G. pinnatifida (DC. prod. :) achseniis aristis valde divaricatis (nee ut in

G. tenuifolia erectis). Ad Samulcottah, Chingleput prope Madras^ &c. —

Wight, cat, n. 1454. — Bidens pinnatifida^ Wall.! cat. n. 3190. — -Corcopis?

Baccana^ Heyn* ! herb.

This is Zinnia bidens^ Retz, according to Roxb. fl. Ind. 3^ p. 435 ; in E. I. C. mus.
tab. 436.< — '* Willdenow has by some unaccountable mistaJce quoted Retzius^s Z. H-
dens, which I know to be this plant, as I was with Koenig when he first discovered
and described it for VerbeHna Boswallia, a very ramous, csespitose plant ; whereas
this is rigidly erect. ^ — Roxb.

VI. XIMENESIA. Cav. ic, 2. p. 60. 1. 178.

1. X. encelioides (Cav. 1. c.) In India or., sed verisim. introducta^ Cul-

ta enim adest in horto Benghalensi et certe spontanea in Mexico.

VII. SPILANTHES. Jacq. amer, 212.— -Spilanthes et Acmella, Rich.;

Pers,; Cass,

1. S. calm (DC. prod. :) caule adscendente basi repente apice hirsutulo,
foliis petiolatis ovatis obtusis acutisre serratis crenatisve glabriusculis basi ci-
liatis, pedunculis foKo triplo longioribus, capitulis ovatis discoideis, acheeniis

glabris calvis. Prope Cunnawady et in agro Mysorense. — Wight, cat. n»

1456. — Spilanthes acmella, WcUl.f cat. n. 3285. X h. — Forte nimis Sp. pseudo-
aemeUa aSOSnis ?

2. S. oleracea (Linn.) — Verisim. culta. — Wight, cat. n. 1457.
This is also S. oleracea^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 410.

VIII. GLOSSOCARDIA. Cass, diet, 19. p. 62.

1. G. Bosvallia (DC. prod.) In dumetis et aridis circa Madras. — Wight.

cat, n, 1458. — Vesbesina Bosvallia, Linn.f, suppl, (1781) p, 379. — Zinnia bi-
dens, Retss, obs. 5. (1789) p. 28 (ex Less.). — ^Verbesina Boswallia, WUld, sp.
3. p. 2223 ; Linn. herb, (ex Wight !).—Pectk meifolia, Wafi, ! cat, n, 3198.—
Glossocardia Knearifolia, Cass. diet. 19^ p. 62 (sed folia minime linearia, ^o-
tius partita in lobos lineares).

To this "belong' Verbesina Boswallia, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 443.

IX. CHRYSANTHEMUM. Less, syn, 253.— Chiysanthemi sp. Linn,

1. C. Indicnm (Linn. sp. 1253; Sab. in trans, hortic. soc. 4. p. 326. t. 12.

B 2

20 SENECIONIDE^. HELiCHiiTsuif.

ct 13; «oc. Linn. 14. p. 144. non Sims, nee Thunb.) In montibus Dindigul^

an vere indigenum ? — Wight, cat. n. 1469.

C. Indicum^ Wall. L. n. 3227 ; Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 436, and Rheed. MaL 10. t. 44,
belong here.

X. ARTEMISIA. Linn. gen.

1. A parviflora (Don. prod. fl. Nep. 181.) In India or. — Wight, cat, n,

1460.

2. A. glabrata (Wall. ! cat. n. 3303.) In India or. — Wight, cat, n. 1461.

— A. parviflora, Roxb, f ex WaU. ! et Wight,

Dr Wallicb appears merely to doubt if his n. 3303. a. be not referable to A. par^
vi/hra^ Wall. L. n. 3298 (Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 420, and in E. 1. C. mus. tab. 1638.)

3. A. Indica (Willd. sp. 3. p. 1846 ; Besser. tent. abr. p. 55. n. 34. desor.)
-An var. Aroericanse certe conspecifiese ? — In Mysore (Heyne). — tf^ghL

cat, n, 1462,— Wall. J cat. n. 3293. *

This is also^. Indica, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 449; in E. I. C. mus. tab. 1169; Rheed^*«
Mai. 10. t. 45, and perhaps Pluk. t. 15. f 1. — We cannot distin^ish A. grata^ Wall.
L.n.3294. 6 y '^

4. A. pollens (Wall. ! cat. n. 3302 ; Bess. tent. abr. p. 33. n. 74. descr.)

XI. MYRIOOYNE. Less, in Linmsa 1831, p. 219. syn. 266.— -Cotute sp. '-

auct.

■ _■»

1. M. minuta (Less. 1. c.) In humidis Indiee or. — Wight, n. 1464.— C4>t

tula minuta, Forst. prod, 301. — Grangea minuta et cuneifolia. Pair. did.

suppl. 2. p. 825. — Cotula minuta et cuneifolia, WiUd. sp. 3. p. 2189. — Artetni-

sia minima, Thunb. ft. Jap. 311 (non Linn.) — Cotula stemutatoria, WaU^i

cat. n. 3239. — Variat glabra aut lanuginosa.

To this belongs Ariemesia stemutatoria. Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 423 : in E. I. C. nnxk'
tab. 1286.

XII. HELICHRYSUM. Less, syn. p. 274.

N. B. Hue relata sunt juocta cl. Lessing species capitulis aut homogamis dui
series fl. foRm, 1-2 tantum gerentibus, sed genus ulteriori examine &get
quoad caract. genericum et sectiones. '- ' ~

1. H. buddleioides (DC. prod. :) caule suflruticoso erecto ramoso apicepim?
sertim lanuginoso, foliis sessilibus ovali-lanceolatis acuminatis 7-9-nervii8 supixa
glabris subtus cano-tomentosis integerrimis, corymbo composito polyceplmlo
ad apices caulis et ramorum, capitulis ovatis dense confertis homogamify itkh
vol. squamis ovalibus obtusis subeequalibus disco paulo longioribus.— r^— 4»
Neelgherry (Wight! herb.) — Wight, cat. n. 1465. — Gnaphalii sp. Wall,! oat
n. 2932 (ex quo vix Indica). — Invol. et flores fiavi. Recept. alveolatuth tJte-
viter fimbrilLferura. Paulo accedit ad Hel. nudifolium, plantagin\fol(um, iH-
ter Lepiclines admissum. ''^'■

■ . vo

2. H. Notonianum (DC. prod.:) totum lanatum, caule suffruticoso^ lamSl
usque ad apicem foliosis, foliis lato-linearibus oblongisve obtufiis margine JE»f
volutis lanugine crassissimis sessilibus subdecurrentibus, corymbo. te;rminalL
composito denso, capitulis heterogamis, inv. ovati squamis multiserialibus'im-

bricatis albo-scariosis acutis apice subcrispis demum stellato-patulis.- Txi

Neelgherry. — Wight, cat. n. 14i57. — Gnaphalium Notonianum, WaU.! cat.' ii,
2952, et alterum innominatum, n. 2933. — Rec. nudum vix. alveolatum. In-
vol. albidum. fl. foem. l-seriales.

3. H. leptophyllum, totum sericeo-canum, caule tereti ramoso erecto, foliis
difitantibus sessilibus linearibus acuto-mucronatis integerrimis patulis, coiym-

Gnapblliim. SENECIONIDE^.

bo termiiiBli eomposito subumbellato, capltulis pcdlcellatis hetetoganiiS] i
vol. squamis oblongo-linesribus aubacutis jilbo-coloratis squanoao-reflexis.

In Neelgheny. — Wight, cal. ii. 1467, — Bee. nudum punctulatum. IotoI.

album. Fl. tem. 1-2 serialis.

Xm. GNAPHALIUM. Lesa. s^jn. S28.
" Svffmtaemtia (lallem. tatij, HeUchrymidea.

1. Q-. hi/poieucum (DC. prod.:} caule eiecto tereti infeme icabrtdo s
perne ramoso-tomentoso, fbliis linearibus acummatis marine aubrevolutis
supra scabridis subtus niveo-tomentosis nervo medio scabrido basi adnata
semiamplexicaulibiissubdeturrentibus, capitulia ad apices ramorum congestii
EubsessDibus, glomcnilis coryniboacKpaniciiktis, invol. squainis flavo-scariosia

ofali-obloDgia obtiiaiusculis dlsto paulo longioribus. In Neelg'heiry. —

Wight, eat. n. 146S. — Species elegans foliis subtus albis et invol. flavia lacilt:
disrincta. Fl. fcem. pluriseriales.

2. G. gubdecarrens (DC. prod, :) tolutn niveo-knatum, caule subherbaceo,
foliis infer, oblongo-subovatis super, oblongo-lineartbus acucis basi semiain~
plexicaulibus vix subdecurrcntibus, capiCulis ad apiccm in corymbum com-
poaituin dense confcrtis, invol. ovati squamls subcariosis albido-colonitia

ov»ti-oblongis acutis diaco longioribus- In montibus Dindygul,— (TijfAf.

ca(. n. 1469. — Gnaphalium scmideeurrens. Wall.! eat. n. 2947j b, — Habitus
AntennariBa decurrentis, DC. {Wall. cat. 3947] 1)1 sed caraxitet omnino Gna-
phalji. Invol. in sicco albido-strainiaeiini.

3. O. ariitatUTn (DC. prod. :) caule basi suShiticuloso ramoso erecto ad
apicem usque folioso basi scabro apice tomcntoso, foliis lincaribus elongatis
aristato-mucronatis marginibus revolutis basi dilatato cordads breviter de-
cuirentibus supra scabiis nervo medio subtomcntoso subtus cauo-tomentosis
nervo medio scabro, cnpitulis in corymbum terminalem compositum densissi-
mum eonfertis, invol. squamis ovalibus abtusis albo et rosea coloratis glabris.

In NeelgheriT.— B'ljif. cal. n. 1470.— Fl. in invol. 15-18 quorum 5-6

hennaph., cceteri fiem. £-8 seriates.

4. O. Wightianum (Wall. ! cat. n. 2940:) caulo basi aufiruticoso erecto ad
apicem folioso basi piloso-scabro apice lanuginoso, foliis sessillbus oblongo-
linearibus obtusia supra piloso-scabris subtus cano-lanuginosia nervo stape
snbtua prominulo scabro siimmis apice calloao-subimcinatis, corymbo termi-
nali vers composite sed densissime polycepbalo, equamis involucri oblong^
acutiusculia albo-coloralis disco paulo lonporibus.— — ^In Neelgherry. — ,
Wight, cat. B. 1471. — Fl. flavi, est. ftcminei pluriseriales, centr. liermaphr.
10-12.

fi. 0. 1 eliiplicum (DC. piod. ;) totum niveo-tomentosum, caule basi sufiru-
tiouloso rsmoao humili, foliis adnatis sen breviter decurrcntibus ellipticis mu-
cronulatia integerrimis tomento-abaterso 6-7-nervii3, capitulum in corymbum
ovatum terminalem foliis ctnctum densissimum eonfertis, invol. squamis ova-
libus acutie apice scarioais ex rufo ^bidis. In Ncelgherry. — Wight, cat. n.

1472. — Fl. ex statu juniori videntur eiteriotes fceminej 2-4 aerialos.

9. G. Xeelgherryanum, caule &utico.ao multicipiti humili, ramis floridls
crectia tomeutosia, foliis infer, dcnsissimc eonfertis re trorHum imbricatis linea-
ribus subobtusis inHmis aencscentibus gtabratis super, seuus ramos floridos
erectis tomentosia acutia subdistantibuSj capitulis m coryinbum terminalem
densum eonfertis, invol. squamis oblongn-lineaiibus subacutis diaco loneiori-

bus albido coloratis. In Neelglierry »d altitud. 7O0O ped. et ultra. — Wight.

fat. n. 1473.— Ceespcs durus densus ramosissimus canus. Fl. ftem. 2-3-seria-
les. Pappi i<ebe apici- barbcllato penicillatw, Ilubitua Hclicbrjs, frigidi.

22 ftENECIONIDE^. Sbmscio.

* * HerhaceOf FUaginoidea,

7« O. paMSdum (WalL ? cat. n. 296^ excl. litt. a :) lanatam^ csulibus phi«-
libus herbaceis a^bcendentibus erectis simplicibos, foliis infer, knoeolatis snb-
aeutk planus caulinis late sessilibus summis linearibus^ ramulis floridis apioe
sabuml>eilatui^ capitulis in glomenilos ad axillas folio^im et apices nunnlo-
mm «ubagfi^egatis^ invoL squamis oblong^ ellipticis obtnsis ima basi lanatis

oaeterum gmberrimiB stramineo-rufis. ^Ad montes Circare ; Heyne ex herb.

JjUtttl, — Wight, cat. n. 1474. — Aflinis G. luteo-albo sed, invol. squamss obtusss^
et ndcKceates, glomeruli subumbellati^ etc.

T« thk beloi^ G. Orisfente, Rozb. fi. Ind. 8. p. 425 ; in E. I. C. mus. tab. 49(>.

8. G. indicum (Lin. sp. 1200.) In locis bumidis Ind. or. frequentissi?

maia^—Wight. cat. n. 1475 ; Waa. ! cat. n, 2954.

G. strietum^noxh, fl. Ind. 3. p. 424, lin £. I. C. mus. tab. 425, G, mulHcaule, Willd.
•p. 3. p. 1888, and Pluk. t. 187. f. 5 belong to this species.

XIV. FILAGO. Tourn. imt. t, 259 ; Lin. sp. 1311 (excl. sp. 1. et 7) ; Giertn,
ft. 2. t. 166 (non Cass, nee Less.) — Gifola^ O^ifti et Logfia^ Cas^.

1. F. prostrata (DC. prod. :) multicaulis diflhso-prostrata tota lanuginoea

mmosiflsima, foliiB ellipticis mucronatis in petiolum angustatis^ capitulis dense

corvmboflio-aggregatis foliis floralibus stipatis^ invol. squamis mucronatis.-*— ^

In numidis prov. Tanjore propc Negapatam frcqucns. Circars ; Rosfburjfii j

Heyri£. — Wight, cat. n. 1476. — Gnapn. prostratum, Roxh. ! herb^ ; WaO. ! cfU,

n. 2955. — Habitus Gn. crispatuli, sed caract. florales fere Filaginis arvensis.

The name G. proatratum, although originally applied to this species by Roxburgh,
both in his own nerbarinm and in tne India House museuin, tab. 427, was afterwards
altered in the Hort. Benghalensis, and in the Flora Indica (3. p. 425), to that of G,
depressum. It is therefore to be regretted that Wallich and De Candolle have pro-
ferred the manuscript to the published one.

XV. CARPE8IUM. Linn. act. Ups. 1741, p. 81 ; gen. 948.

1. C. Nepaiense (Less, in Linnsea 1881^ p. 284.) In Nepalia; Wall. I —

Wight, cat. n. 1477.

XVI. SENECIO. Lin. gen. n. 955 ; Less. syn. j». 391.

S.JUxuosut^ Wight, cat. n. 1506 (Cacalia q>ntieuphoTbiwn^ herb. EottL, and Q.
KldniaAAnji., according to Klein^s herb.), is here omitted : it is certainly a native
of the Mauritius, and not of India.

* Capitulis ^coideis,

1. S. corymhosus (Wall. ! cat. n. 3121 :) caule scandente tereti subaraneoso^
foliis petiolatis exstipulatis cordatis suborbiculatis breviter acuminatis subser-
ratis supra glabriuscnlis subtus dense tomentosis basi 5-7-neryiis^ corymbis
axillaribus et terminalibus densis polycepbalis^ niToL 8-phyllo basi biacteo-

lato, ligulis nullis^ achseniis glabris. ^Ad Neelgheny. — Wight, oat. n. 147S<

Flor. tubulosi 10. . '/

• •

Capitulis radiaHs.

2. S. candicans (Wall. ! cat. 3123 :) totus tomentoso-canus sarmentosus^
ramis striatis^ folus petiolatis stipula reniformi utrinque auriculatis cordatis
acutis serratis supra arachnoideis subtus niveis^ panicula corymbosa^ bracteis
lineari-subulatis^ pedicellis divergentibus^ invol. cano-campanulato basi parce

bracteolato^ ligulis 6 oblongis planis^ acbseniis glabris. In Neelgfaernrw-*

Wight, cat. n. 1479. — Cineraria sarmentosa^ LesSi.! herb., ex quo vulgo dioi-
tur Kouri-gueda.

3. S. Wightianus (DC. prod. :) glaber^ ramis scandentibusangulato-striatis^

DoBOMcwu. SENECIONIDE^.

foliis petiolntis ovato-elliptico-ve InnMolfltis acuminatiB senatia limbo basi
obtuso aut brevUsime cuneato, petiolo hasi parve aurlculato, pauicula divari-
cata, pedicollis npice bracti^olatis, cnpitiilis parvia 8-10-floris, ligulia 3-4 par-

■ria. — In Ceylon, et apnd Pajauee.— Wight, cat. n. 1480. Cacnlia

WightJODa, Walt.! cat. n. 3165.— Vk S. acandens, Don, prod. fl. Nep. p. 170'
(non WaU.)

4. 8. latvndulm/olius (Wall. ! cat. n. 3130 ;) caule adsccndente tereti striato
liirautO] foliis confertia obloogo-UnCaribufl intcgerrimis murgine revolutis sub-
tvis tomentosis supra hirsutia aut liiapidis, aummia linearibua distantibus, ra-
eemo cocymboso simplici, pedunciUia bracteolatis, inyol. glabriusculo 15-
phylJo caljculato, floKCulJs circiter 40, ligulis 10 patulis Tongis 4-iierviii.
-. — In Neelgherry.— B'isfl*. cat. n. 1481.

fl, Wightii; foliia utrinque cano-tomontOBia, cacerao oligoceplialo capitu-
Ks breve pcdiccllatis.

We coDsiderthe variety |3 to be an avcldentally starred state Of the other, and di
a diatinet variety.

6. S. JVeelgherrj/aniu (DC. prod, ij caule basi Buffrutescento erceto Bcabrido
Btriato, foUia lineari-lanceolatis acut;s aubtus birsuto-tomentosis aupta scabila,
iinfimia basi attenuates semipinujitifidis mcdiis aeasilibus dentatia sumrais
auficulato-seinianipleiicaulibua aubintegerrimis, corymbo oligocephalo, pedi-
ceUis longis apice bracteolatia, invol. squamia lineacibus apice vis acutia cilia-
tis, Lgulis 12-14 planis.— — ^In Neelgheny.— (TijAf. cat. n. 1483.—- Affinis S.
sasal3i. Wall. ! cat. n. 8131.

XVIl. DORONICUM. Linn.; Leas. syn. p. 3d0.
8. D, Arnottii (DC. prod. :) caule erecto tcteti striato snbsimplici iiifeme
hirto apice glabriuaculo, foliis ad basin confcrtioribus cordato-semiamplexi-
caulibus oblongis 3-6 nerviia obtuBis dentatia utrinque liirtia, corymbo oligo-
ceplialo terminali, bracteoUa lineari-aubulatis, imol. subcalyculati squamia
linearibua circ. 15, ligulis 10 ovalibus C-necviis forte stylo abortivo Eterilibua.

In Neelgherry et Dindvgnil. — Wi^ht. cat. n. 1483. — Stigmata inolusa.

Pappus nifcaceaa. Flosciili mnumeri.

7. D. Wightii (DC. prod.;) gluber, caule adacendenti-erecto biwi striato-
angulato subaimpiiol, ioliis ianoeolatis acutis groaae dentatia mnrgini subre-
volutis infimia basi attenuatia auper. aemiamplexicaulibus, corymbo oligo-
cepbalo, pedicellia apice bracteolatia, iuvol. squamia linearibua aubacutis, li-
gulis 8-10 planis S-T-norvis..^ Ad Neelgberry.— IFijA(, cat. n 1484.

&, iaxug; cotymbo lamoao ma^ divaricato, capitulia numeroaioribus ini-
Boribus.— IFfffft(. cat. n. 1484, 6.

XVIII. NOTONIA, DCprod. ml. 6.

Wight's Lithographic Catalogue, Noe. 670, i!73) far plants helonaing to the
iionffi : the deicription of our genua was also printed (althouEh the work »
puhliahed for some months afterwards), in our ProdromuB Fl. Pen. Ind. Orii
We have, however, given np any claim in lfa,vouc of out genoB, and applied tc

ionaly mode uf

„iu.w„.l? "

given np any claim in favi
name ofJohnia {see Prod. Fl, Pen. Ind. Or. J. p. 4i9).

Capitulum multiflomm homogamum, fl. tubulosis S-dentatis. Invol. cj-
lindricum l-seriale ecaljculatum, bracteolia nullis aut secus pedicellum pau-
cLssimis. R«cept. planum alvcolare, alv. maiginibuB productis fimbrilliferum.
Styli rami in conum brcvem tdspidum apico (ut in Eoulia) productum.
Achcenia teretia multiatriata glabra. Pappus multiaerialis, sotis filiformibua
fainc inde btubellatis, — Sufirutices indici caniosi glabri &cie Cucaliie Kleiniee^

24 8EKECI0XIDEJC. G¥itw]k.

Folia ohkmt^ aut obomta plana subcarnosa, mtegerrima. Corymbir
florL Capitula inter genera affinia magna. Genus dicatum cl. Notoii qili
Indue stirpes strenue collegit et speciem generis typnm cnm cl. Wig^lit lilh^r-
Tavit.

, 1. N. grtmdiflora (DC. prod. :) glaberrima froticoso-caxnosa^ ramia tereti-
bos foliis oblongis obovatisve integerrimis, corymbo oliffocephalo^ inroluczp

floffibus breviore. In Neelgherry, ad montes DindyguC apud PatboocotfaEi,

et in provincia Mysore, in oumetis. — Wight, cat. n. 1485. — Cacalia graoidlj^
flora, WaU, ! cat. n, 3147. — Species polymorpha forte in posterum dividtocb|.
Cor. ex sicco videntur flavse, cum ovano fere pollicem longse. ''

NB. Altera generis species (iV. crassissima) est Cacalia crasHssima, Wall.*!
cat. n. 3155. ' -^'

XIX. EMILIA. Cass. diet. 14. p. 405. v. 34. p. 393, et 48. p. 449, 461. ^^

1. E. sanchi/olia (DC. prod.) In Ind.or. frequens. — Wight, cat. n. I486.

-7-Cacalia sonchifolia, Lin, sp. 11G9. — Cacalia sonchifolia et C. glabra, WaU J

eat. n. 3144 (excl. litt. d), et n. 3145. — Cor. purpurese aut aurantio-porpure^

in invol. 30-50.

This is Cacalia sonchifolia, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 413, in E. I. C. mus. tab. 422,
Rheed's Mai. 10. t. 68, and Pluk. 1. 144. f. 4.

2. E. scahra (DC. prod.:) caule adscendente basi dense hirtello folioso

apice nudo kevi, foliis infimis caulinis cordato-semiamplexicanlibos

<rrali*lanceolatis subobtusis dentatis utrinque pube sparsa scabris, corjijibo
terminal! 5-7-cephalo, invol. flosculis vix breviore, flosculis in invol. circiter
lOOw In Ind. or. — Wight, eat. n. 1487.

XX. GYNURA. Com. diet. 34. p. 301 ; 48. p. 448. et 458.

•i

1. G. nitida (DC. prod.:) glabra, caule basi crassiusculo tereti^ naaui
elongatis subangulatis apice subnudis, foliis lanceolatis utrinque attenuate

frosse serratis, corymbo terminali 5-7-cephalo, invol. cylindrico floribus paula
reviore bracteolis subulatis quadniplb longiore. Ad montes Dindigul,

altit. 4000 ped. — Wight, eat. n. 1488. — Cacalia incana, HeynJ ; Wail.! cat.
n. 3158 (an Lin. sp. 1169, sed quid in planta incani f). Stigma g^i^eris 3eil
farevius quam in ceteris speciebus.

2. G. ipcopersicifolia (DC. prod.:) caule herbaceo erecto ramoso-striato
glabrinsculo, foliis pinnatilobatis basi ample et rotunde auiiculatis utrinque
piube brevissima velutinis, lobis lanceolatis bine inde dentatis, capitulis ad
apices ramorum 3-5 corymbosis pedicellatis, invol. cylindrico-glabro flosculis

8uba}auali bracteolis subulatis triplo longiore. Ad Courtallum et in moti-

tibus Dindigul alt. 2000 ped. — Wight, cat. n. 1489. — Cacalia laciniata, Wa&4
cat. n. 3153 (non «7'(flkJ^.)---Cacalia pinnatifida, Wight I herb. oUm (nou i/Otip.
nee Lin.f.) — Cacalia lycopersicum, Heyn.J herb. — Var. rarius auriculip pu-
vis acutis.

Trib. V CYNAREiE. Less. st/n. p. 4.

I. ECHINOPS. Lin. gen. n. 999.

1. E. edhinatus (Roxb. ! berb., Wall. ! cat. n. 2985 :) foliis pinnatifidis su-
pra viscoso-pubescentibus siibtus cano-tomentosis laciniis ovato-lanceolatis
sinuatis planis, glomeruli invol. generali squamis brevibus 3-cuspidatis spi-
nosis, capituli invol. partiali in iisdem glomerulis diverso, nunc setis extemis
longissimis intimis concretis fructu villosissimo, nunc setis ext breviodbus
Iblio int. uno in comu longe exserto fhietu ^aberrimo (abortiro ?)— -trin

pascuis aridis agri Mysuicnsiu alque Hydiabadeiisis, prope B^tinuD£o]aDJ--r
Wight, cat. tt. 1490.
ThU IE £. echinalut, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p, +447 ; in E- 1. C. mue. tab. 161S.

II. CENTAUREA, Less. ayn. p. 7.— Centaurea sp. Linn.

I. C.pulchra (DC. prod.:) caule etecto ramoso foliiaquc unifbriniter al-
bido-tomentosis, foliis lato-Unearibus basi attcouatis apice acuminatia inte-
geTrinis aut biscindcrarisaimc denticulatis, fructuapappo dupUci, cxt.palrik
UiiearibuB vix acutis TcguJaritur imbricatis ct succcssivi lonmoribiis acbceiui

longitudinem seqantibua, interiore pauciseto. Culta in bortis Indicia. —

Wiglit. cat. n. 1491.— C. pulcherriuia, Wight ! herb. oHm (non WiUd.)—C.
cyanus, WaB..' eat. n. 2981, 6. — NlmiB affinis C. cyano et forte vanetaa?
Pappus in fmctu equidera immatura descr. videtiu divecsus. Capitulum paulo
majoa. Squamaa iuvol. marguic albee aut luisa, nee nigne.

Hi. CARTHAMUS. Toam. irut. I. 258.— Cartliami sp. iinn.
1. C. Hnetorius (Lin. sp. 1192). — Cultus in prov. auatralibus Indite or. ad
oleum e seminibue eljciendiiin. — Wight, cat. n. 14S2.
„,f o f^ bBlonga C. lutcloritu, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 409 ; Wall. L. n. 2359.

J^r pIBSIUM. Tmtrn. inst. t. 265 : DC diss. comp. I. p. 22 (non Lein.)—
?r,.r 1. CaicuB, Schreb. gen. n. 12fifi (noQ Faiit.)

1. C. ariiyracanthwn (DC. prod;) foliis semiamplexicaulibus ainuato-pin-
ntitiEdis ciliato-spinulosis lobis in spinas validas productis subtuE cauleqoe
arachnoideo-TillosiS] capitulis paniculato-oongcstia, bracteia multifidis spuN-

Bisaimis, jnvol. squamia Talide spinosis. In Neelgberry. — Wight, cat. n.

1493.— CsrduuB argj^acanthiie, Waii..' eat. n. 2903.— €or.ex sicoopumurew.
Bractearuai pars foliacea bceviasima, spince elongatte ralidisHimte. Ad Ciraii
sectionem Erioltpis referendum jnita C. strigoaum, Bie6.

V. TRICHOLEPIS. DC. prod.
CapiWlum nuiltif orum homo'^mum. Invol. heniisphtBiicl squimie imbri-
! lineari-se'npeic apicp cririfo-mcs subrecncvB meMues
Rccept. fimbrillaj in setas tenuisaimas fissse. Cor. S-fidto
Aubrcgularcs. Stam. filamenta papilluBo-pilosiuBCula. Anthers append.
aeutis, caudia parvis sublaceris. AcliEenium oblongum hilo lateiali apicc
matgine circulari coronatuni. Pappus varius. — Heebie indict glabrinscul«
inennes. Folia scssilia indivisa lanceolata aut oblonga siepc punctata. Ca-
pitula ebracteafa. Cor. ex sicco ocbcoleucte aut pallide rubcDtes. — PMeter
dnas seqnentea hue referendi Cardwug trichocephalug. Well., ct Carduut elon-

• Pappo paleacei/, paleis citiolatii.

1. T. radicatu, caule lamoso basi ladjcante angulato, foliis oblongo-lineaii-
buB argute et grosse aiistato-eerratis glabria punctatis, invoI. ovati squanuB

araneosis appendice subulata glabra. In India Madetaspatana, — Wight.

cat. n. 1494.— Carduus raditans, Roxb. ex. Wall. eat. n. 2907-

Thii is Carih.v» radieana, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. 'p. lOG ; in E. I. C. muB. tab. 1634.
* " Pappa HuHo.

2. T.aiiffuati/olia (DC.pcod.:) glabra, caule camoso an^hito. foliis eion-
B»tO-linearibus acuminatis punciatis ranter aristato-aerratis, capitulis ovati?
^labriS] adUBnio epapposo vis apice marginato. In montibus Travancn--

26 CICHORACE^. Ciohorivm.

T&asihvLB.'^Wighi, cat. n. 1496. — Carduus indicus^ Klein! in herb, WighU-^
C. nitidus. Wall,! cat, n. 2908. — Serratula indica, WiUd, sp, 3. p, 1642.

Trib. VI MUTISIACE^ Less, sf^ p. 92.

1. DICOMA. Cass, diet, 13. p. 194 ; 47. p. 503 ; Less, syn. 109.

1. D. lanuginosa (DC. prod. :) involucri ovato-oblongi squamis extus gla*-
briusculis^ pappi paleis serratis fructu villosissimo vix duplo longioribua.— *
In pascuis et apricis littoris Coromandeliani. — Wight, cat. n. 1497. — Xeropap-;-
pus lanuginosus^ Wall. ! cat. n. 2980. — Acelepis lanata^ Spreng. in litt, ad
Wall. — Onopordon lanatum^ herb. Madr, (ex WaU.') — Valde accedit ad D.
tomentosam^ Cass. ; sed caract. indicatis facile differt.

Trib. VII CICHORACEifi. Juss. gen. 168; Less. syn. 126 —

LactucesB, Cass.

1. CICHORIUM. Linn, gen, n. 921.

1. C. Cosnia (Ham. ! in Wall. ! cat. n. 3241 :) caulo herbaceo erecto kevi
hinc inde piloso^ foliis oblongis sinuatis aut subpinnatifidis scabridis florali-

bus basi auriculatis, capitulis axillaribus pluribus congestis sessilibus. In

variis IndisB locis a Wallichio indicata^ sed forte vix indigena ex Wigbt herb.
— Wight, cat, n, 1498. — C. endivise afline.

II. PICRIS. Linn, gen, n. 907.

1. P. hieracioides (Linn. sp. p. 1114).

/3, indica; corymbo magis divaricato. Ad Courtallum. — Wight, cat. n.

1499. — Forte P. hamulosa. Wall. ! cat. n. 3256. — In Nepaulia locta
ab hac non di£Pert ?

III. LACTUCA. Linn, gen, n, 909; Less. syn. 135.

* Achanii collo elongato.

1. L. sativa (Linn. sp. 1118). In Ind. or. culta. — Wail. cat. n. 3244.

This is also L. sativa, Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 403.

* * Achami collo brevi. Mjcelis, Cass. diet.

2. L. glabra (DC. prod. :) glaberrima, caule nudo parce ramoso, foliis paulo
longiore^ foliis elongato-linearibus integerrimis acutis^ capitulis longe pedicel-
latis cylindraceis subcorymbosis. In Ind. or. — Wight, cat. n. 1500.

3. L. remotiflora (DC. prod. :) caule herbaceo tereti glabro subnudo parce
ramoso^ foliis subradicalibus mcmbranaceis amplexicaulibus, obovatis vix
subsinuatis margine setoso-ciliatis ceeterum glabris, capitulis secus ramos sub-

solitariis distantibus pedicellatis cylindraceis. In Peninsula indica fre-

quens. — Wight, cat. n. 1501.

From a specimen similarly named in Dr Wight^s herbarium, this appears to be
Caealia sonehifolia. Wall. L. n. 3144, d.

4. L. runcinata (DC. prod. :) caule erecto glabro tereti apice nudo, foliis
subradicalibus rigidulis runcinatis grosse setoso-ciliatis ceeterum glabris am-

Elexicaulibus, capitulis secus ramos distantibus subgeminis breviter pedicel-
itis cylindraceis. Frequens in ruderatis circa Negapatam. — Wight, cat.

n. 1502.— Prenanthes sonchifolia, Heyn.in WaU. ! cat. n. 5266; WiUd, sp. 3.
p. 1541. — Non est Lactuca sonchifolia auct.

P. raeemosa^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 405, or Sonchus calgculatus, Roxb. in E. I. C. mus.
tab. 418, belongs to this species.

UoTucA. CICHORACEiE. 27

5. L,napifolia (DC. prod.:) glabra caulibus erectis nudis ramosis^ foliis
radlcalibas petiolatis lyrato-pinnatilobatis mucronatis lobis oblongis termi-

nali majore^ capitulis longe pediculatis parvis, in vol. subuniseriali. In ru-

deratis circa Negapatam. — Wight, cat. n, 1603. — Prenanthes napifolia, WaUJ
herb,

6. L. sarmentosa (Wight herb. ! :) glabra, caule flagellifeio procumbente

hinc inde radices foliaque agente^ foliis confertis sinuato-pinnatifidis lobis

rotundatis^ pedunculis (scaposis) l>cephalis apice bracteolas squamosas sub-

imbricatas margine scariosas gerentibus, invol. cylindraceis. Frequens in

arenosis ad littora maris versas Negapatam. — Wight, cat. n, 1504. Frenan*-

thes sarmentosa^ Willd. sp. 3. p. 1540; Wall.! cat, n, 3262.

The Coromandel specimens mentioned by Roxburgh under Prenanthes aspleni-
folia (fl. Ind. 3. p. 404, or Hieracium siolonifirwn, Roxb. in £. I. C. mus. tab. 1281),
belong to this species.

IV. SONCHUS. Linn, gen. n. 908.

1. S. oleraceus (Linn, sp, 1115). Frequens versus Negapatam. — Wight.

cat. n, 1505 ; Wail! cat. n. 3252.

This is S. oleraceus^ Roxb. fl. Ind. 3. p. 402, or S. Indicus, Roxb. in E. I. C. mus.
tab. 47 ; and, judging from Roxburgh's aescriptions and drawing, his S. orixensis^ fl.
Ind. 3w p. 402 (in £. It C. mu/B. tab. 416), seems also to belong to this variable spe.
pies.

No. II.

ASCLEPIADE^ INDICT.

[The Peninsular genera and species by Dr Wight and Mr Arnott, almost all the
others by Dr Wight alone, and marked R. W, The materials principally examined
were Dr Wallich^s undistributed Asclepiadese (quoted Waii, Asclep.) in the posses-
sion of the Linnean Society, Dr Royle's, and Dr Wight's own collection. We need
scarcely say, that the best characters for the species as well as for the genera are to
be taken from the flower. Lamarck's and Poiret's species are too obscurely described
to be recognised; nor are Roth's characters more intelligible : some of the species,
as Periploca reticulata, perhaps belong to the Apocynea. — Mr Brown, in his charac-
ter of the order (Wern. Soc, Mem. 1. p. 19, and Prod. fl. nov. Holl. 1. p. 468), ap-
plies the term corpuscle to those firm glandular bodies that are inserted into the an>
gles of the stigma. He also, in the same place, mentions that the pollen-masses are
fixed to the five processes of the stigma ; whence it might be inferred that the pro-
cessus was meant to include both the corpuscle and its projecting filaments to which
the masses were attached : in his tabular view, however (as well as in his character
of Oxypetalum and Xt/smalobium), this does not appear to be the case, for he there
restricts that term to the connecting filaments, *^ corpuscula juxta basin vel utrinque
exserentia processum massam pollinis unicam afiigentem :" in a later memoir (his
observations on their organs of fecundation) he calls them ^ arms." Dr Wallich, in
his PI. Asiat. rar., while describing some species of Asclepiadese, appears to apply in
some instances the term retinaculum to each corpuscle with its two processes com-
bined, which last he calls the crures : but, in other cases, he uses corpuscle in the
sense employed by Mr Brown, and states that the pollen-masses are pedicellate, or
attached by five threads. Sprengel calls the corpuscle a glandula, and its processes
filamenta ; but under Oxypetalum (Genera pi. p. 213), he makes these last synony-
mous with reHnacula. In the Orchideae, Richard restricts retinaculum to the gland
at the base, and calls the connecting stalk by the name caudicula : Mr Lindley re-
tains the latter, but designates the former by glandula. The appearance of the parts,
however, is so different as scarcely to warrant an application of the same terms in
both orders, and it thus becomes desirable that more precise ideas be adopted : we
may therefore mention, that, in the following memoir, we have employed processus
for the whole body inserted on the angle of the stigma, as in Mr Brown's character
of the order, and that this is composed of the corpuscle of Mr Brown, and its pro-
cesses or arms, which we shall call appendieuli^ ^^o^^nzeti, or appendages of the cor-
puscle R. W G. A. W.-A.]

I. ASCLEPIADESE VERiE. B, Brown.

Massse pollinis 10, Iseves, per paria (diversis antheris pertinentia) me-
diante appendiculo affixas stigmatis corpusculis 5 sulco longitudinal! bi-
partibilibus. Filamenta connata, extiis saBpius corona instructa*

30 ASCLEPIADEiE. Cbropeoia

I. CEROPEGIA. Linn, — Isaura^ Comm. — Stephanotis, Pet, Thotiars.

CdXyn 5-partitus. Corolla e basi magis minusve ventricosa infundibuli-
fonnis ; limbi lacinils angustis apice cohserentibus. Gynostegium inclusum.
Corona staminea gamophylla, 6-10-16-lobata, serie simplici vel duplici ; lobis
ante stamina positis ligulatis. Antheree apice simplices. Masses pollinis
erectee^ basi affixes^ marginibus simplicibus. Stigma muticum. Folliculi cy-
lindracei^ Iseves. Semina comosa. — HerbsD vel suffrutices^ seepius volubDes^
nunc lactescentes.

The staminal crown in this and in most of the other genera of the order consists of
a single verticil of 5 leaves opposite the stamens and alternate with the segments of
the corolla. In Ceropegia the leaflets are usually 3-lobed : the lobes are sometimes
distinct to near the base, forming a 15uparted crown ; more rarely nearly or altoge-
ther united, forming one that is 10- or 15-lobed : and sometimes the lateral lobes be-
come united to the middle one, and thus appear wanting, presenting a. 5-lobed
crown. When the leaflets are distinct to near the base, the lateral segments approach
and partiallj adhere to the back of the middle or primary one, when we have them
apparently m a double series ; but when they are united to near the apex, the lateral
segments remain distinct, and a single series only is formed.

§ 1. Corona serie simplici lO-loba; lobis alternis hreviorihus, ovatis, dbtueis,
integris vd semibifidis (c lobis dv,obus ad/oliola diversa pertinentibus).

1. C. lucida (Wall. :) glabra volubilis, radice fibrosa, foliis e late ovatis in
oblongo-lanceolata acuminata^ pedunculis multifloris^ laciniis calycinis sabn-
latis apice recurvatis^ corolla clavata vix basi ventricosa, limbi segmentis at-
tenuatis tubum eequantibus^ coronee staminees foliolorum lobis lateralibus sit*
pra medium unitis margine pilosis primariis apice recurvis. — Wall, I pi. a»^

rar. 2. p. 33. 1. 139 ; Asdep. n, 2, 9, 14. ^Ad montes Silhet et Piome. —

(R. W.)

2. C. hirsuta (W. & A. :) sufiruticosa birsuta volubilis^ foliis e cordato-
ovatis obtuse acuminatis in anguste lanceolata acuta^ pedunculis paucifloris,
laciniis calycinis filiformibus, corolla clavata basi ventricosa limbi segmentis
sursum latioribus tubo brevioribus^ cor. st. foliolorum lobis lateralibus ad me-
dium unitis primariis elongatis apice uncinatis^ follicuHs rectis glabris.-^
Wight I cat, n, 1610. Ad Neelgnerry.

3. C. juncea (Roxb. :) glabra subcamosa volubilis lactescens^ foliis parvis
sessilibus lanceolatis acutis^ pedunculis paucifloris^ laciniis calycinis subula-
tis^ corolla clavata curvata basi ventricosa^ limbi segmentis sursum latioribus
tubo fere sequalibus pilosis^ cor. st. foliolorum lobis lateralibus ad medium
unitis primariis apice uncinatis. — Roxb. Cor, 1. p, 12. t, 10; WUld, sp, pi. 1.
p, 1275 ; Roem, et Schult, syst. veg, 6. p, 3 ; Wall. I Asclep, n, 6 ; Wight ! cat,

n, 1611. Ad montes Circars, in sepibus prope Samulcottab^ apud Vellan-

ganny prope Negapatam, Columala, et in provincia Tanjore baud infrequens^

4. C. Wightii (Graham :) glabra volubilis, radice tuberosa, foliis ovatis '
acutis camosis^ corolla basi spbserice ventricoso, tubo gracili, limbi segmentis
pubescentibus, cor. st. foliolorum lobis lateraUbus ad apicem unitis glabris
primariis camosis lateraliter compressis medio extrorsum curvatis ceeteros vix
duplo excedentibus. — Graham ! mss, ; Wight I in Bot, mag. t, 326?.

This species is only known from a plant which flowered in the Edinburgh
Botanic Garden, and is supposed to have been received from Bombay : it is
nearly allied to C, Africana of horticulturists (figured in the Botanical Re-
gister) in the form of the corolla and crown ; that species has also been stated
to come from the East Indies : probably both are from the Cape of Good

Hope.— (ie. r.)

Ceropegia. ASCLEPIADE^. 31

§ 2. Corona staminea serie Cut videturj duplici ; foliolis ad lasinfere liberis,
lobis lateralibus distinctis primario approadmatis ejusquedorso ad basin co-
harentUms.

• Cor, st foliolorum lobi lalerales Ixyrdati^ gynostegio Umgiores,

5. C. elegans (Wall. :) suffruticosa glabra volubilis, radice fibrosa, foliis ob-
longis vel oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis, pedunculis folio brevioribus 1-2-
florls (culta 2-e-floris), laciniis calycinis subulatis basi coroUse ventricosa
multo brevioribus, cor. tubo clavato, limbi hemispheerici segmentis late li-
gulatis tubo multo brevioribus longe ciliatis, cor. st. foliolorum lobis lateralis
bus primariis subduplo brevioribus ligulatis, foUiculis gracilibus torulosis cur-
vatis (6-8 uncias longis). — Wall, ! Asclep, n. 4; in hot, mag. t, 3015 ; Wight. I
eat. n. 1612. In montibus Dindygul et Neelgherry.

• This very beautiful species is abundant on the Neelgherries, at the height
of between 6000 and 7000 feet.

6. C. macrantha (Wight:) suffruticosa volubilis, foliis ovatis acuminatis
ciliatis, umbellis paucifloris breve-pedunculatis, laciniis calycinis subulatis,
corolla basi ventricosa, limbo paullum dilatato segmentis anguste linearibus
intus villosis, cor. st. foliolorum lobis lateraKbus ligulatis primario baud du-
plo brevioribus. Ad locum '^ Khurie pass" dictum; Royk.

The corolla of this species is from two to three inches long, and except the
ventricose base is nearly cylindrical : this readily distinguishes it from C, ele-
gans, which is nearly allied in other respects. — {R. W.)

7. C longifoUa (Wall.:) pubescens volulalis, radice fibrosa, foliis anguste
lanceolatis (3-7 uncias longis unamque latis) valde attenuatis, pedunculis
plurifloris folio brevioribus, corolla basi ventricosa, tubo clavato, limbi seg-
mentis tubo subdimidio brevioribus ' sursum latioribus ciliatis, cor. st. folio-
lorum lobis hirsutis lateralibus angustis ligulatis primario subdimidio bre-
vioribus. — Wall.! pi. Asiat. rar. l.p, 56. t. 73. In Nepal. — (jR. W.)

8. C. angustifolia (Wight:) pubescens volubilis, foliis anguste lanceolatis
(2-4 uncias longis vix semiunciam latis) valde attenuatis, pedunculis pluri-
floris, corolla vix basi ventricosa, tubo subcylindraceo, limbi segmentis sur-
sum latioribus tubo multo brevioribus, cor. st. foliolorum lobis anguste ligu-
latis lateralibus hirsutis primario subdimidio brevioribus. — Ceropegia, WM !
asclep. n. 8, 13, 19. In Silhet.

Nearly allied to C. longifoUa, but, so far as I can judge from rather imper-
fect specimens, it is certainly distinct. — (jK. W.)

• • Cor. St. foliorum lobi kUerales Hgulati, gynostegio breviores.

9. C. sphenanantha (W. & A. :) volubilis glabra, foliis distantibus lanceo-
latis attenuatis, pedunculis paucifloris, calyce minuto laciniis filiformibus,
corolla basi ventricosa, tubo clavato, limbo hemisphserico segmentis sursum
latioribus longe ciliatis, cor. st. foliolorum lobis ligulatis lateralibus gynoste-
gio brevioribus hirsutis. — Wall.! Asclep. n. 6; Wight.! cat. n. 1513. ^Ad

Neelgherry.

10. C. laneeolata (Wight:) volubilis glabra, foliis anguste lanceolatis te-
nuiter acuminatis, pedunculis multifloris, laciniis calycinis filiformibus basin
corollse ventricosam excedentibus, cor. tubo clavato, limbo dilatato segmen-
tis tubo multo brevioribus, cor. st. foliolorum lobis primariis gynostegium
paullo superantibus, lateralibus brevioribus acutis ciliatis, follicuUs gracmbus
glabris. — Ceropegia, Wall. Ascl. n. 12. In Nepal. — (jR. W.)

11. C. pusilla (W. & A. :) herbacea glabra erecta (2--4 uncias alta), radice
tuberosa, foliis linearibus, floribus solitariis ascendentibus, corolla basi ven-
tricosa, tubo cylindrico, limbi segmentis tubo multo brevioribus, cor, st. fo-

32 ASCLKPIADKiE. Csromuua.

liolonim lobLs g3mo8tegio primariis paullo longioribus^ lateralibuD paullo bfe-

vioribiw. — Wight, cat. n. 1514. — Cer >pegia, Wali. Atdep. n. 7. Ad Neel->

gherry.

The wild hogs on the bilh) are said to ba veiy fond of the tubers of thw
phint.

* * * Cor. St. folioi. loin kUeralet actuninati primario approjnmati., foUoU

rum lateralium apices sinu lato interjecto.

12. C. btUbosa (Roxb. :) volubilis glabra camosula^ radice tuberosa, fbliis
suborbicularibus in lanceolata acuminata^ pedunculis folio brevioribus plan*
floris^ laciniis calycinis coroUae basi yentricosa multo brevioribus, cor. tubo
subclavato, limbi segmentis sursum latioribus tubo multo brevioribus ciliHtw^
cor. St. foliolorum lobis primariis subulatis apice incurvis lateralibw minutis
acuminatis primario incumbentibus. — Roxb, Car. Up, 11. t, 7 ; Jt- IniL 2L
p, 28; Willd, sp. 1. p, 1275; Roem. et Sch, syst, veg, 6. p. 2; Spr, 9yH. 1.
p. 842 ; Wall. Asd. n. 15, 16 ; Wight, in Hook. hot. misc. 2. p, d9^ suppL t. 2 ;
cai, n. 1515. Ad Samulcottah^ Negapatam, Allahabad^ &c.

13. C. acuminata (Roxb. :) herbacea volubilis glabra camosula^ radice ta-
berosa, foliis lineari-lanceolatis apice attenuatis (2-4 uncias longis ac 4-6 li*
neas latis), pedunculis paucifloris^ corolla basi ventricosa, tubo subclavato^
limbi segmentis tubo multo brevioribus, cor. st. foliolorum lobis primariia
subulatis, lateralibus minutis. — Roxh. Cor, 1. p. 12. t. S ; fl. Ind, 2. p. 29;

Willd. sp. 1. p. 1276 ; Roem. et Sch, syst, veg, 6. p. 2 ; Spr. syst. 1. p, 842,

Ad Samulcottah, Roxburgh.

There are no specimens of this among Dr Wallich's plants, but, so &r tt
we can judge from the figure and description, it only differs from C. bulbo&m
in the shape of the leaves, and ought rather perhaps to be considered a va-
riety than a distinct species.

* * * * Cor, st, foliol. lobi laterales brevissimi obtusi vel primario ommno echareniB9»

14. C. Arrvottiana (Wight :) volubilis glabra, caulibus gracilibus, foliis aa-
guste lanceolatis mucronulatis, pedunculis brevibus multifloris, laciniis caly-
cinis anguste subulatis basi corollse ventricosa longioribus, cor. tubo breTi
sursum paullo ampliato, limbo segmentis filiformibus conniventibus tubo lon-
gioribus, cor. St. foliolorum lobis primariis ligulatis, lateralibus brevibus oV-
tusis approximatis primarii dorse fere usque ad apices sinu parvo discretoe

adnatis subciliatis. — Ceropegia, Wall. Asclep. n, 3. In collibus Prome. —

(22. W.)

15. C. Wallichii (Wight :) erecta, radice tuberosa, foliis ovatis sessilibus
versus caulis apicem approximatis ciliatis, pedunculis lateralibus brevibus 1-
floris, laciniis calycinis subulatis, corolla basi ventricosa, tubo sursum am-
pliato, limbi segmentis sursum latioribus conniventibus dense ciliatis, cor. st.
foliolorum lobis primariis filiformibus, sublateralibus brevibus obtusis ciliatis,
folliculis lonffissimis glabris. — Wight inbot. mag. tab. 3267. — C. erecta, WaU,!f
Asclep. n. 1 (spec. veUde manca). — Nepal ; WaUich (in herb. Banks, spec, ban.)
Himalaiah ; Royle. Prope Lahooghat in Kamaon ; Lindsay (in herb. Arnott.)
—{R. W.)

16. C. pubescens (Wall. :) herbacea volubilis, foliis ovatis tenuiter acumi-
natis utrinque subpubescentibus, pedunculis foUo brevioribus multifloris, co-
rolla cylindracea basi baud ventricosa, limbi segmentis basi latioribus sub-
cordatis sursum attenuatis conniventibus, cor. st. foliolorum lobis primariis
subulatis apice recurvis, lateralibus primarium marginantibus sive onmino
adnatis. — Wall. I pi. As. rar. 2. p. 81. t. 187 ; Asclep. n. 10. — Ceropegia, Wall.!
AsrJ. n. 17,0. — Nepal, WaUicJi , herb. Heyne. — (JR. W.)

17. C. tuberosa (Roxb. :) herbacea glabra volubilis, foliis ex suborbiculatis
in ovalia vel ovata cuspidata ac etiam lanceolata tenuiter acuminata, pedun-

LVrtALLHH,. ASCLEPIADEjE, 33l'

culis SicpiuB geminis pauci vel multifloiis iblio longioribus Lrevionbusve, ca-
l^ce parvo I^iniis subuktis, corolla basi Tcntiicoaa, tubo sursuin ampliato,
lunbi aegmraitij angiute sublincaribus ritloais tubo dimidio brevioribus mat-
ginibns approiiniatia, ^ynostegio sti]iita.to, cor, St. foUolotum lobis primarits
ligulatia, laUraKbus pnmariuni margiDantibnE eivc omniiio adnatiE, fbllicnlis
graoilibus.— Jtoii*, Cor. 1. p. 12. (. 9 ; (in ft. Tnd. omUm) ; WiM. »p. pi. 1.
p. 1275; Sotm. et Sck. 6. p. 3 ; Spr. »yat.l.p.B42; Wight.! ml. n. 1616.—
Ceropegia, WaB..' Asdep. a. 17, 6. c, et 18.— C. mucronala, Ibith. nov. ep.
p. 179; Roem. et Seh. I. c. p. 10. — C. biflora, Z^iin.? — C. Candelabnun, herb.

Rottl.!; Raxb.fl.Ind. 2. p. 27 ; WiUd. »p.1. p. 127 f: In ore Coromande- '

lians hand infrequens. In arcnoBJa prope Negapatam in Tanjore.

This is 3 very variable species as for as regards the foliage, but is constant ,
in the shape of the floorers, the slender aogmeuts of the limb with their mar-
gins approximated their whole length and fotming a straight beak, to the co-
rolla, and in the stalked gynoste^um or coliurn of fructScation, As Will-
denow's and , Roxburgh's specimens of C. Candelabrum were sent them by
Rottler and Klein, we are enabled, on the authority of one, also from Hot-
tier's herbarium, to refer that synonym lieK; ; perhaps Roxburgh him.qelf be-
came Batisfied of this, as he inserts C. Candelt^rum in the flora Indica, but
omits his own C. luba-ona. We likewise refer here to Linnasiis' C. bijiora, but
we do so with doubt, because it rests on the authority of an imperfect draw-
ing of Hermann's, which, although we have seen, we cannot positively deter- ■
inuie whether or not it belongs to the present species, although we incline to
tliat opinion. We have therefore adopted Roxburgh's name.
Speeies vix nola.

18. C. Caniie/abrvm (Linn.) — lAnn. sp. p. aOB.—Rheed. Mai. 9. I. 16.

Taken up by LinnBBus from Rheede's figure : it approaches very closely to
C. tuheroaa, but presents a considerable difference of habit. Pcoiu Moon, in
his catalogue of Ceylon plants, applying to it the English name of " Common.
Ceropegia," it would appear to be frequent in that island ; but we auspecl
that, in every instance, modem botanists have had C. tiiberoaa in view. There '
is a coloured drawing but no specimen in Smitii's herbarium, but it rauy poa- ,
fiibly have been copied, although little altered, from Rhetde'a figure, and co-
lonred from his description.

II. CARALLUMA. R. Rrown.
Corolla cotata, profiindc 5-Hda. Gynostegium exsertum. Corona staminea
simpUci serie lO-loba; lobis 5 stamini'bus oppositis cjimosis antheris incum-
bcntibus ; altemis ligulalis apice bipartitis. Anthene apice simpliccs. Mas-
sffi poUinis cicctie tetragonce, hinc marginc pellucido. Stigma muticum.
Foltlculi graciles, Iteves. Semina comos.-!.^ — Hcrbfe erectaa cumosaj apliylla-.
Caulea tctragoni, secus angulos dcntati. Florcs versu!
dnnculi solitarii, uniflori, e ramorum dcntium axillis o

1

The ciown in thta genua, aa in Cerapagia, conBista of S 3-lobed leaves ; the lateral

'-'• united by pairs into 5 lieulate forlted leaflets, alternate with the primary

d with the stamens. So far iw ne have had opportunities nf examining, the

„ separated from it. In ail, likewise, the pollen maastw have a pellucid margin,

although not equally conapiEuoua ; on which account, it seems neces -■"' — *'

subdivide this group atill Aitlher, according to the modiiieationa of thi

reunite moat ofthe genera that have been alteadj' separated. We have adopted lh(

former of these with regard to the Indian apecies.

1. C. adiCBiideM (R. Brown:) floribua eiepius nutantibua, corolkc seg-
ineDtis acuminatia glabris. — Br. in Went. not!, mem. 1. p. 26 ; Roem. el Sell.
«y«(. veg. Q. p. 49; Spr. ayit. l.p. 842; Wall..' Atclnp. n. 22; Wight..' ci '
1£17,— -Stapeiia adscendens, Roxb. Car. 1. (, 30, In atidis Pcninsuloi,

\

34 ASCLEPIADE^. BouoBBoau.

2. C. fimbriata (Wall. :) floribus nutantibus vel ascendentibiis^ coroUs
segmentis lineari-oblongis cuspidatis fimbriatis. — WaU. pL As, rar, 1, p, 7* t

8; Wight! cat. n, 1618. InAva^ inter niinas urbis Pagamew^ etincoll^iifl

ad Yenangeum ; Wallich, In aridis Peninsulee ; Wight,

The flowers in our specimens are much smaller than those in the figine
and description given by Dr Wallich ; but as we can perceive no othez maA
of distinction^ we have no hesitation in considering them the same species,

III. BOUCEROSIA. W. 6^ A.

Corolla subcampanulata^ 5-fida ; segmentis late triangularibus^ sinu acato*
Gynostegium vix exsertum. Corona staminea gamophylla^ 15-loba^ dupUd
serie ; lobis 6, interioribus staminibus oppositis antheris incnmbentibuB ; C8&-
teris exterioribus erectis vel apice subincurvis interioriorum dorso adhasrentfr-
bus. Antherse apice simplices. Massee pollinis erectee tetragon®, hinc mar*
gine pellucido. Stigma muticum. Folliculi lasves teretes apice attenuatL
Semina comosa. — Plantar] camosse^ aphyllee^ erectso^ tetragonse^ angulis den-
tatis. Flores numerosi^ terminales^ umbellati.

In Caralluma the lateral lobes of each leaflet of the corona are separted by means
of the middle or primary lobe, with the edee of which they cohere at the base : in
Boucerosia, on the contrary, the margins of the lateral lobes of each leaflet cohere,
and their line of junction is also attached alons the middle of the back of the prim-
ary lobe. In both genera the lateral lobes cohere by the margins with the lateral
ones of the adjoining leaflet ; so that in Caralluma we nave a corona of 10 narrow mnd
5 broad segments attached to each other by the margins only, and forming, conse-
quently, a simple series ; while, in Boucerosta, the 5 broad segments are surrounded
by the 10 narrow ones, and a double corona is formed.

1. B. umbellata (W. & A.:) corollee segmentis glabris. — Wight,! cat. n. 1519.
Caralluma umbellata, Haworth. syn. pi. succul. p. 47 ; Spr. syst, 1. p. S42 ;
Wall.! Asclep. n. 20, 21. — Stapelia umbellata, JRooch. cor. 3, t. 241 ; (infl. Ind.
omissd). — S Cullamulia, Ham, In provinciis Peninsulee austrsdibus in ari-
dis frequens.

2. B. crentUata {W. & A. :) coroUse scOTnentis longe fimbriatis. — Carallu-
ma crenulata, Wall, pi. As. rar. 1. p. 6. t.7, — In arenosis montium prope ur-
bem Segain, ad ripam dextram fluminis Irawaddi, contra Avam sitimi ; Wal-
lich.

Dr Wallich describes the corona as simple, and the leaflets with denticnli
at their base : by comparing • his figure, however, with B. umbellata, these
denticuli obviously are the lateral lobes^ and form the exterior series.

IV. HUTCHINIA. W. S^ A.

Corolla subcampanulata 5-fida. Gynostegium vix exsertum. Corona sta-
minea gamophylla, 20-loba ; lobis 5 interioribus antheris incumbentibus ; cse-
teris temis subexterioribus interioribus (sen primariis) altemantibus, duobus
lateralibus intermedium superantibus. Anthcrse apice simplices. Massro
pollinis erect® hinc margine pellucido. — Plantae camosee, aphylke, erectse,
ramossD, tetragonss, angulis dentatis. Flores numerosi, terminales^ subum-
bellati. Corolla intus pilosa.

We dedicate this genus to Mr Hutchin of Norwich, a most successful cultivator
and liberal distributor of succulent plants of all kinas, notwithstanding he has la-
boured under the combined disadvantages of confined space, and residence in the
centre of a large town. The similarity of spelling between this name and that of
Hutchinsia can be no obstacle, the addition of the consonant in the latter giving so
very difl^erent a sound, that no confusion can possibly arise.

Ehiopetalum. ASCLEPIADEJ:.

1. H. Indiea (W. & A.)— Wight.! •■at. n. 1520. In Penbsulm ariUis

(forsan montium austratium).

A very branclied plant, 4-6 inches high : branches somewhat dilfuac, 4-
aided, with numerous reflexed teeth oa the BQglca. Flowera pale, greenish-
white, outwardly tinged with purple, and covered with purplish hairs within.
We have not seen the folbclea.

V. ERIOPETALUM. Wight.
Corolla suhcampanulata, 5-fidii ; scgmentis onguate linearibus, sjnn lato.
Corona staminea gamophjlla, IS-loba; lobis 5 int^iioribus antheris incumben-
tibus; cEBteris exterioribus crcctis approiimatis seriei interior! adheerentibns.
Antherse apice simpliccs. Mafssa pollinis juxta basin afBsa;, erectee, stigmati
incnmbentes, hinc margine pellucido. Folliculi gtaciles, glabri. — HcrbEs
erectte, subramoBie. Cuulcs terctes. Foha minuta, sqnamiformia, adpressa.
Flores parvi, umbcUati ; umbcllEe laterales aut terminales, eesaites. Corollm
segmenta tubo longiora, sceptus intus dense villosa aut lanata; bine noinen.

This genua agrees in habit with Microsteinma of Brown, but diJFers in the form of
the crown : on the other band, it reaembleB Boucerosia in the corona, but baa a
widely different habit.

1. Y.. parvijlomm (Wight:) coroUie segmentis tubo vix lon^oribna lanatis,
cor. stam. gynosteginm superante. Doongie ; Soyle. — (J!. W.)

Ji (Wight:) corollas f
tu^o duplo tdploye longioribas, cor. sta:
gie;ltoyle.—(R. W.)

3. E. Uevigatum (Wight :) cotolke segmentis lioearibus margine undnlatis
fere ^abris tubo subdupio lon^oribua, corona stamlnea gjnostegium squan-

te.— SUomphocatpus liBvigata, flam.— Microstemma, WaM.! Asclep. n.2'9.

In sylyiB Coasnlm, Gorukpur; Hamilton. — (fl. IF.)

VI. HOYA. R. Brown.— Spcrlingia, Fahl.
Corolla rotata, S-fida. Corona i5taminca fi-phyUa, foliolia depressis paten-
tibus camoais, angulo interioro producto in dentem anthene jnciunbentem.
Autheraa membtaca terminatse. Massio poUinia basi affixa;, conniventea,
compresBS. Btigroa mutieum vel subapiculatum. Follicular Isvc.'j.
comosa. — Fmtices vet Euflrutices volubilcs scandentea aut decumbentes.
Folia opposita, camosa, vel membraoacea. Umbelloe laterales, multiflora;.

5 I. Folvbileg scandentea aid deeiimbetUes, tape radieantes. Folia '■nniiwn.
Corona H.Jbliala subliis milcatii. — Hojtc veto;,

* Car- al. foliola plamiisaila, Zafe obovala aut lu^orMouJano.

1 . H. netutina (Wight i) voluLiliK, foliis ovalibus breviter acaminatis margi-

e rcTolutia eupra glabria subtus velulinis, corolla i
bia segmentis mtis margine levolntis, cor. at. foliolia suborbicularibus deprc^
sis supra nitidulia angulo interioro obtuse stigmati umbilicato incumbentc.
— Hoya, Waa.l Aeclep. n. 39.

No locality is attached. This species approaches very closely, both in ha-
bit and size of tbe flowers, to the Corona Ariadaen seu Susiueia of Rumphiua,
Amb. 5. 1. 172 1 but Eumphius says, that the leaves of bis plant arc glabrous ;
perhaps he may have overlooked the pubescence on the under side. Rox-
bnigh, in his flora Indies, 2. p. 31, wjfers Rurapbius" figure to hia Aselepias
Sfiiwuela, but tliey cannot be the same plant or perhaps same genus : Rox-
burgh's is said to have the flowers, when expanded, 3 inches nctoss; I have

.% ASCLKIMADKil?:. Hoy

A.

seen no Indian Asclepiadcoc of such a she, unless, as may be the case^ Rox-
burgh alludes to the umbels and not to a single flower. — (R, W.)

2. H. orbiculata (Wall. :) volubilis, foliis carnosis orbicularibus glabris, pe-
dunculis folio brevioribus multifloris, corolla intus pubescent segmentis acu-
tis, cor. St. foliolis obovatis suborbicularibusvc dcpressis angulo anteriore ob-
tuso, stigmate apiculato. — Wall.! Asclep. n. 32. — Rumph, Amh. 5,t, 176. f. 28.
Apud Prome, in Ava ; WcUlich,

There is in my specimen usually a verticil of 4 leaves at each joint ; 2 of
them, smaller, are the proper leaves of the stem ; two, larger, are from the
axil of one of the others. — (12. W,)

3. H. pendula (W. & A. :) volubilis, foliis carnosis glabris ex oblongo-ova-
libus acutis in late ovata acuminata margine revolutis, pedunculis petiolum
pauUo superantibus pendulis multifloris, corolla intus pubesccnte, cor. st. fo-
liolis obovalibus obtusissimis dcpressis angulo interiore brevi apice truncate,
stigmate apiculato. — », Rheedei; foliis oblongo ovalibus acutis. — Asclepias
pendula, Rowh.fi, Ind. 2. p. 36 ; in cost. mere. Ind, or. mus. tab. 612. — Rheed.
Mai, 9. t, 13. — (i, Neelgherrense; foliis ovatis acuminatis. — Wight.! cat, n.
1521. — H. revoluta, Wight,! in Wall, herb. soc. Linn. — Hoya, Wall.! Asclep. n.
27,41? — et. In montibus Circars ; Roxburgh. Malabar; Rheede. — /3. Ad
Neelgherry; Wight.

There are some specimens in Finlayson's herbarium (Wall, asclep. n. 41),
but not in flower, very similar to the Neelgherry plants, and have the mar-
gin of the leaves folded back in the same way ; but the leaves are much
smaller, and the stem throws out roots, so that they can scarcely be referred
to the same species. Our Neelgherry specimens are also imperfect. With
regard to Roxburgh's plant, it must be confessed that his specific character,
'^ nectaries protruding five horns at the base," does not appear to be applica-
ble to ours ; but, on the other hand, his after description, " nectary stellate ;
O may represent one of its five parts much magnified," is in accordance, nor
does he there notice the horns formerly mentioned. In his drawing at the
India house, one of the dissections agrees well with our species, but there is
another which represents the coronal leaflet expanding at the back into a
long tapering horn, and which we scarcely understand ; we almost suspect
that the artist had here taken a side-view of the leaflet, without regard to
perspective, thus representing a kind of longitudinal section, and that Rox-
burgh has trusted to the accuracy of the figure, and described in consequence,
as part of his specific character, the projecting horns, which he himself had
not seen. There is a specimen in the Banksian herbarium, either named by
Roxburgh, or supposed to be the same with his plant, to which Mr Brown
has attached the name of H. Nieoharica (Br. mst.) ; but Roxburgh has express-
ly mentioned that his plant is a " native of the mountainous part of the Cir-
cars," while that named bv Mr Brown seems to have come from the Nicobar
islands, to the north of Sumatra : although we saw this specimen, yet unfor-
tunately we neither examined it with attention, nor made any notes upon it ;
if, however, our recollection serves us rightly, it appeared more allied to, if
not the same with H, Hookeriana of Wight.

4. H. longifolia (Wall.:) volubilis radicans, foliis carnosis angufite lanceo-
latis acuminatis basi attenuatis (3-6 uncias longis et 6-12 lineas latis), corol-
la intus pubescente margine ciliata, cor. st. foliolis late obovatis obtusis an-
gulo interiore acuminato stigmate incumbente. — Wall.! Asclep. n, 40. — Hoya,
Wall.! Asclep, n. 44? — Napal; Singapore? ; Wallich, Apud Mussooree, Hi-
milaiah; Royle.

The Singapore specimen (n. 44.) is not in flower. — (JR. W.)

5. H. linearis (Wall.:) volubilis pilosa, caule tenui folioso, foliis carnosis
anguste linearibus acutiusculis, corolla intus subpubescentc margine ciliata
segmentis obtusis, cor. st. foliolis suborbicularibus angulo interiore stigmati

HoYA. ASCLEPIADEiE. 37

incumbente. — Wall.! Asclep. n, 34; Don. prod. fl, Nep.p. 130. Nepal; Wal-

iich.^R, W.)

6. H. parvijlora (Wight:) volubilis glabra, ramis tenuibus, foliis camosis
lanceolatis basi apice attenuatis, pedunculis gracilibus folio subeequantibus
multifloris parvifloris, corolla glabra, cor. st. foliolis late obovatis emarginatis
obcordatisve angiilo interiore acuminato stigmati apiculato incumbente. —
Hoya, Waa.! Asclep. n. 33. Maulmyne ; WaUich,--{R. W.)

** Cor. sL foliola supra planiuscula ovata vel kmceokUa.

7. a.fusca (Wall.:) volubilis glabra, foliis coriaceis vix camosis lineari-
oblongis acuminatis (6-8 uncias longis 1-1^ latis) transversim venosis, pe-
dunculis brevibus multifloris, corolla glabra segmentis obtusis, cor. st. foliolis
ovatis obtusis angulo interiore attenuato erecto stigma apiculatum superante.
■^Wall. I pi. As. rar. 2. p. 78. 1 175 ; Asclep. n. 30. Nepal ; Silhet ; Wallich.

The flowers are rather small, brownish coloured, and very numerous. —

{R. r.)

8. H. Hookeriana (Wight:) volubilis glabra, foliis camosis oblongo-lan-
ceolatis 3-nerviis (6-10 uncias longis 1-1^ latis), pedimculis brevibus multi-
floris, corolla (parvula) glabra segmentis obtusis, cor. st. foliolis ovatis acutis
angulo interiore brevi, stigmate obtuso. — Hoya, WaU. ! Asclep, n. 28, 39 (ex
parte). Chittagong; Silhet; Wallich.— {R. W.)

9. H. parasitica (Wall. :) parasitica scandens radicans glabra, ramis tenui-
bus teretibus, foliis camosis glabris nitidis tenuiter basi trinerviis oblongo-
lanceolatis attenuatis, pedunculis folio subduplo brevioribus multifloris, corol-
la glabra alte 5-fida, cor. st. foliolis ovatis acutis angulo interiore stigmati in-
cumbente. — Wall. ! Asclep. n. 29. — Asclepias parasitica, Roxh.fl. Ind. 2. p. 42;

in coet. mere. Ind. or. mus. tab. 1382. In sylva Sunderbund ad eestuarium

Gangeticimi ; Roxburgh. — (/?. W.)

10. H. ovalifolia (W. & A. :) volubilis radicans glabra, foliis camosis ova-
libus utrinque acuminatis, pedunculis folio brevioribus multifloris, corolla in-
tus puberula segmentis ovatis acutis, cor. st. foliolis ovalibus obtusis angulo
interiore brevi, stigmate mutico. — Hoya, Wight. ! cat. n. 1622 ; Wall. ! Asclep.
n. 31, 43 ?, 46 ? Ad Neelgherry. Singapore ? ; Wallich.

The Singapore specimens are not in flower, and are probably different.
This is very nearly allied to H. parasitica, but apparently quite distinct.

11. H. Amottiana (Wight :) volubilis glabra radicans, foliis camosis late
ovatis acuminatis, corolla intus puberula segmentis orbicularibus cuspidatis,
cor. St. foliolis ovalibus subacuminatis angulo interiore brevi, stigmate mutico.
—Hoya, Wall. ! Asclep. n. 35. In Nepal ; Wallich.— {R. W.)

12. H. gynmanthera (Wight :) aphylla ?, caulis epidermide Isevi nitido, um-
bellis multifloris breve pedunculatis parvifloris, cor. st. foliolis ovatis, anthe-
rarum membranaceis apicibus pellucidis angustissimis pollinis massas vix te-
gentibus. — WaU.! Asclep. n.l^ (absque nomine). — ; Jierb. Finlayson.

The specimens of this plant which I have seen are leafless, but whether
from accident or otherwise, I have not at present the means of ascertaining.
—{R. W.)

•••

Cor. St. foliola supra convexa ovalia vel ovata margine revoluta.

13. H. Brunoniana (Wight :) volubilis glabra, ramis obsolete tetragonis,
foliis camosis ovali-oblongis acuminatis, corolla subcamosa extus glabra in-
tus barbata, cor. st. foliolis ovalibus acutis supra convexis margine revolutis.
— Hoya, Wall.! Asclep. n. 37. — herb. Wallich.

The hairs on the inside of the corolla, in the dried specimens, have the ap-
pearance of collapsed hollow tubes. — (if. W.)

38 ASCLEPIADE^. Hoy a.

14. H. camosa (R. Drown :) volubilis glabra, caulibus ramisque teretibns^ €t>-
Ills camosis ovali-oblongis acuminatis, umbelUs pendulis breve penduncnlatu,
pedicellis piloso-pubescentibus, corolla camosa extus glabra intus omnino
barbata, cor. st. foliolis ovatis acutis apice porrecto supra convexis margine
revolutis, antherarum membranis majusculis stigma obtuse apiculatum oc-
cultentibus, massis poll, bine pellucide marginatis. — R. Br, in Wem. soc.
trans. \. p. 27 (cum syn. omn.); prod, fl, nov, HqU. 1. p. 460 ; jRoem, et
Sch. syH. veg. 6. p, 61 ; Spr. syst, 1. p, 843. — Schollia crassifolia, tlaeq, —

Apud Canton in China ; Limreiro, " In Asiaj tropica variis regionibus ;"

R. Brown,

I have taken upon me to add the character of this species, although I am
not aware of it having been found, either in any part of the East India Com-
pany's possessions or in Ceylon ; nor does it seem to be among; the plants is
the Botanic Garden of Calcutta. I believe my friend Dr Wight was not ac-
quainted with it when he left with me the description of H, Brunoniana,
otherwise he might have been induced to unite the two. They indeed difi*er
by characters not, I fear, of a permanent nature : in the mutilated specimen
of H. Brunoniana, which 1 have examined, the pedicels seem to be glabrous ;
the corolla is of a less fleshy nature than in H. camosa, and its segments
are not bearded close up to the margin, which is glabrous : the shape of the
coronal leaflets also differs slightly ; their extremity is (at least by drying) re-
curved in H, Brunoniana, and straight in the other ; but they are of the same
firm, almost homy, texture : the membranous tip of the anthers is alike in both :
and H. Brunoniana has the one margin of each pollen mass marked with an
elevated pellucid line, exactly as H. camosa. In the former, the leaves ate
nearly twice the size of those of the latter. — (G. A. W.-A.)

15. H, lanceolata (WalL ;) volubilis glabra, caulibus tenuibus foliosis, foliis
camosis lanceolatis basi apice acuminatis, pedunculi§ folio brevioribus pauci-^
floris, corolla intus pubescente segmentis obtusis, cor. st. foliolis supra con-
vexis margine recurvis angulo interiore elongate obtuse erecto stigma apicu-
latum superante. — Watt. ! Asclep. n.S6; Don. prod, fl. Nep. p. 130. In Ne-
pal et SUhet ; Wallich.—{R. W.)

**** Cor. tU folujila elongaia triangiiUma,

16. H. macrophyUa (Wight:) volubilis, foliis late ovatis acuminatis ban ob-r
tusis subcordatisve S-nerviis camosis glabris (7-10 uncias longb 4-10 latis)^
pedunculis multifloris, corollee segmentis obtusis cuspidatis, cor. st. foliolia
corollam fere sequantibus lineari-tnangularibus coriaceis angulo interiore te-
reti erecto obtuse, folliculis subulatis tenuibus. — WaUJ Asclep. n. 138 (ab^t
que nom.). Penang; WaUieh; Finlayson.

The specimens of mis most magnificent species have unfortunately very
few flowers on them, and these are so much injured (the pistillum being en-
tirely destroyed), that it is impossible to say with certainty if it belong traly
to the genus. — {R, W.)

Species Jloribus adhuc inoogniHs tUtamen Hoyis veris adscribcnda.

17. H. Finlaysonii (Wight:) volubilis glabra, ramis teretibus, foliis oblon-
go-lanceolatis obtuse acuminatis supra (siccitate) reticulatis subtus subave-
niis (5-7 uncias longis 1^2 latis) breve petiolatis. — Hoya, WaU, ! Aselep* ».
42. Penang ? ; WaUich et Finlayson.

No station is attached to the specimens, but from the same plant existing
in Wallich's and Finlayson's herbaria, it is probably from Penang. — (-R. W,)

18. ^.chtusifolia (Wight:) volubilis glabra, foliis camosis ovali-oblongis
basi apice obtusis cuspidatis supra nitidis subtus transversim (siccitate) ob-
scure venosis, pedunculis folio subdemidio brevioribus multmorb. — Hoya,
WaU.! Asclep, n.^.— ; Wattich.

'' IS probable, from the transverse venation, which, however, can only be

n in the dry n

1 very

Judging from
bnt fall off

ASCLEPIADE^.

^., ^ ..u,, ^j .^u.,.w, — t this species TBoka ne
uic appearance of the pediinclea, the flowers ari
very readily.— (B. W.)

§ 2. Folia membmnacea. Cor. el.foliola aubtus egutcata.

10. H. tiiridijlora (R. Brown :) volubilia, foliia ovatis coidatisve aciuninatia
mcmbiatiaccis utrinque glabtis, corolla g-labra aegmentis ovatis scutiusculis,
cor. St. foliolis supra plania ohovalibus obtusissimis angulo interiore brevi ob-
tuso, follicnlis divaricatis crassis obtnais ferrug'into-&rioogis. — Br. in Wern.
HOC. m«ra. l.p. 26; Roem. et Sch. »ysl. veg. 6. ;>, 51 ; Spr. ««/«(. l.p.843;
WaO..' J«Jep.n.24(ejcl./), 26, 60, c (ex parte); Wight.' in Hook. but. mite.
2. p. 98. suppl. t. 1; cat. n. 1623. — ^Asclcpias volubilia, imn. «uppi. 170;
Willd. ip. pi. 1. p. 1279 ; Sorb, fl, Jnd. 2. p. 36.— A. viridiflora, Roxb. in laet.
mere. Ind. or. mua. tab. 611.— Apoeynum tiliffifolimn, Latn. enc. meth. 1. p.
314. — Rheed. Mat, 9. t, 15. — S, alpina; floribua majoribus, corollED segmentia

ohtxisia.~WigM.! cat. n. 1623. fi.— Hoya, Wall. ! Aselep. n. 2fi. «. In ore

Coromandeliaua frequeus. Apud Momng' et Gongachoca, Hamilton ; Silhet,
WaUieh.—&. Ad Ncelgherry ; iVofon," Wight.

The alpine variety has much larger flowers, and the segmenta of the corol-
la very obtuse : it does not appear, hovreyer, to differ in any other respect.

20. H. Liuttina (bcib. Ham. :] volnbilia, foliis coriaceo-mcnibTanaceis cof-
datia ovatiavc acunijnatis supra, pubeacentibus subtus velutinis, corollce scg-
mentis obtusis, cor. st. foliohs an^lo interiore brevi aubulato ereeto, follicu-
lis e basi crasso obtuse acuminatia velutiniB. — Herb. Ham. ! n. 770. — Wall. !

Aiclcp. n. 24. /, 14(i, 16i! (absque nom.). Konna ; Hamilton. Segaen ;

ra/ffcA.— Noni. officin. Hind., Lalmn.—(R. (T.)

VII. PTEROSTELMA. Wight.

Corolla totata, 5-<ida. Corona staininea 5-phylla; foliolis membranaceis
lateribua roflexis, angulo interiore in denteni subulatura crectum producto.
Anthene mcmbrana terminatte. Maasas pollinia erects;, appioximatsBj ad dor-
sum corpuaculi basi affivte. Stigma apiculatum. — Fratex volubilia? aut de-
cnmbens ? Folia oppoaita, oblongs, acuminata, camosa. Floies majusculL
Corolla alte A-fida, scgmeotis lincari-lanceolatis, tubo piloso. CoronEe foliola
lata, lateribus arete reilexis mai^nibufque conniventibus, ita ut Papilionis
sedeutia alfe.

This genua is ullied to Hoya both in habit and in the^ strncture of the Howers, dff.

a (Wight).— B'aB. .' Asclep. n. 129 (absque nomine). In

Silhet; Wallieh.
My spooimens do not posacsa a perfect umbel. — (fl. W.)

VIII. PHYBOSTELMA. Wight.
Corolla lotata, patens, repande S-deotata. Corona staminea 5-phylln;
foliolis inflatis, antheiis oppoaitis. Anthene membrana terminatai Fila-
menta e basi ad apiocm biparGta, cruribus cum crure filament! utrinque proii-
mimi arete coslitis filaments 6 antberis coronteque foliolis altemantia cor-
pusculis stigmatis opposita cfforraantihus. Masss pollinia basi affixas,
subcylindraceee. Stigma dopressum. — Frutex volubilis. Folia opposita ovato-
lanccolnta, acuminata, glabra, catnosa. UmbellES laterales, loDgiuscule
dunculatEB, pauclflone. Flores magni.

ito- ^H

pe- ^H

40 ASCLRPIADEiE. MABBDSNii.

This curious genus is allied in habit to Hoya^ but is at once distingoinhed firom it
and every other by the remarkable division of its filaments ; and, when bettejr Juiown,
may tend to change our ideas of the structure of these organs, in this division at least
of the order, by rendering it probable that the normal form is to have ten filaments
and ten anthers, which become reduced to five by pressure during their development.
The principal objection to this view in the present instance arises firom there being
only five anthers to the ten filaments, but which on further examination may be
found to strengthen rather than weaken the conjecture.

1. P. Wallichii (Wight). — Wall. I Asclep, n. 130 (absque nom.) Singa-
pore; WaUich ; Finlaynon, — (JB. W,)

IX. MARSDENIA. iJ. Brown,

Corolla urceolata, 5-fida^ nunc subrotata. Corona staminea 5-phylla; to-

liolis compressisj intus simplicibus. Anthcree membrana tcrminatee. Maasse

pollinis erectse^ basi affixse. Stigma muticum vel rostratum. Folliculi kdves.

Semina comosa. — Fnitices ssepius volubiles. Folia opposita, membra^oacea,

latiuscula. Cymse vel thyrsi interpetiolares.

The flowers are usually rather small, sometimes glabrous, sometimes villous all
over, and sometimes the throat is closed with long white shining hairs; according to
which dlfl^erences we subdivide the genuH. The tube is* about tne length of the co-
lumn or gynostefi^ium. — Atclepia* piicata. Roth, nov. sp. p. 170, may probably be a
species of Marsaenia.

§ 1. CorollcBfaux nuda.

1. M. Brunoniana (W. & A. :) volubilis glabra, foliis late cordato-ovatis
acuminatis, pedunculis petiolo brevioribus, iloribus cvmosis majusculis gla-
bris, corollie segmcntis obtusis, cor. st. foliolis attenuatis gynostcgium sequan>
tibus, stigmate obtuse apiculato. — Wight, ! cat. n. 1524. Prope Columala.

The cymes in this species are small, but the flowers arc tlie largest of the
genus we have met with.

§ 2. Corolla ttdms intus pubescens.

2. M. Roylei (Wight :) volubilis tota tomentosa, foliis late cordatis ova-
tisve acuminatis, cymis folio brevioribus, calyce hirsuto, corolke intus hir-
sutse fauce plicis 5 sinubus oppositis coronata, cor. st. foliolis gynostegio
multo longioribus apice filiformibus, stigmate obtuse apiculato. — M. velutina^
Jterb, Royle (non Brown), — Kenour ; Royle, Simla ; Dom, Comitissa de DcU-
houHe,

The plicae at the bottom of the sinus between the segments of the corolla
almost resemble thickish scales. — (i?. W,)

3. M. angustifolia (Wight :) volubilis ramosissima, caule ramis peduncu-
lisque pubenilis, foliis adultis glabris subsessilibus lanceolatis, cymis folio
brevioribus geminis paucifloris, corollse segmentis ligulatis tubo intus pubes-
cente, cor. st. foliolis gynostegio brevioribus, stigmate truncato. — Marsdenia,

Wall.! Asclep. n. 58 ; Humph. Amb. 5. t.'40.f. 1 ? In collibus apud Prome ;

Wallich.-^R, W.)

§ 3. Corolla faux atque tubus barbati, tubi pilis 5-fasciculatis rejlejeis,

4. M. tinctoria (R. Brown :) volubilis, foliis ovatis oblongisve acuminatis
basi cordatis subglabris supra versus basin glandula instructis, thynrsis latera-
libus, floribus parvis, fauce barbata, cor. st. foliolis gyTiostegium subsequanti-
bus subulatis, stigmate mutico. — Br. in Wem. soc, mem. 1. p. 39; Roem, et
Sch, 6. p, 53; Wall,! Asclep. n, 56 ; Wight! cat, n, 1625. — M. monostachya.
Wall, mst, — ^Pergularia tinctoria, Spr, 1. p, 844. — Asclepias tinctoria, Raxb,

fl. Ind, 2. />. 43 ; in cat, mere, Ind, or, mus. tab, 615. — Cynanchum tingens,

herb. Ham ! n, 752. Silhet et Prome ; WaUich, Gualpara ; Hamilton,

Although Hamilton in his herbarium names this Cyn, tingens, it is quite

Maksdbma. ASCLEPIADE^. 4^ T

distinct froio a plant be himself had previously fionl from Pegu to the Cal-
cntta Botanic Garden under the name of Atclep. tingeia: this last is out
Qymnema (injen*. We consider this a very doubtful native of the Peninsula ;
our only specimens from thcncu buing from Klein's herbarium, without the
locality mentioned ; while, on the other hand, in Wallicb'a collection, speci-
mens from the same herbarium are marked as procured fruni the Missionary
garden.

fi. M. SamiUonii (Wight;) volubilis glabra, foliia eordato-oblongis i

natis, cymia subcapituliformibus mnltiS.oiis petiole brevioribus, floribiis patvi^
corollte tubo ventricoso fauce villia clausa, cor. st. folioUs gynoste|io longio-
ribus apice attenuatis, pollinis maasis oblongis corpusculo minutissuno aflixiH,
stigmate a.piculiito.— Cynanchum, Wail. 1 Asclep. n. 84. — C. reticulatum, herb.
Ham..' n. 750. — Apud Butanagur; Hamilton.

From the mat. synonyma attached to this plant in his lierharium (n<
longbg to the University of Edinburgh), Hamilton appears to have taken his
specific name from the supposition of its being Apoeynum relicalatum of
Willdenow : as, however, it is certainly not so, and as the leaves of this spe-
cies are much less distinctly reticulated tlian tliose of M. tiacloria, I have
taken the liberty of ehanpng the name. — (fl. W.)

§ 4. GuvUm fati-v nuda, tubus tparxim pilogus. Cor. H. Joliola latiutcitla,
apiee tmncata vet bifida labo iino aeuminala alteram eariniformam props
bcwin gerettU. Cymtt patenles moffiue midtifioris,_floribus majnsculia.

The two plants referred to this section may eventually form a distinct aenus, but
we can jind no good character by whi ■ - ■ ■' - ' ■

the other is so cktael; allied to it, that

rharacter by which lo Beporate the one from Maradeaia, and

., 80 ClOSeiV r"*'' ■- ■' "—" ■* — — ■-'-- ■:--' :.i--j 1 !--

in of tbe I

S._M. Calesiana (Wight:) volubilia pubescens, foUis cotdatis vel cordato-
ovatis acuminalis utrinque tomentosiE, cyrais (magnis) multifloris, corollas
segmentis anguscis acutis margine revolutia, cor. st. foUoUs alte hifidis lobo
uno Ipngiore antherte incumbente altcro breviore versua basin cariniformi,
stignmte apiculuto.— Pergularia Caleaiana, herb. Ham.!; Wall.! Ascl. n. 67, e,
ApudMocang; HamUUm. — (H. W.)

7. M. tenacitsima (W. & A.:) volubilis, foliis cordatia acaminatis utrinque
lomentosis, cymis magnis, corollse segmentis latia obtusiSj cor. at. foliolis latis
apice traneatis aubintegria vel bifurcatis, stigmate obtuse apiculato. — Wight.!
cat. n. Ifi26.— Aficlepias tenaciasimaj Roitb. 1 Cor. 3. p. SB. t. 240 ; Jl. Iiid. 2.
p. 31 ; in aet. mere. Ind. or. mut. tab. 1381 ; Wall..' Atcl. n. fi7.— A. tomen-
tosa, herb. Madr.! — A. echinata, herb. Madr.! — Gymnema tenaeissima, Spr.
«ys/. 1. p. 844. In collibus Raicmahl; Roj^rgh. — Chittagong; WaUirh.

Although we have it from the Madras herbarium, it is probably not a na-
tive of the Peniosula : tbe specimens under the name of A. fmifntosa are from
the Missionaries' garden ; that under A. echinata whs sent to Klein so namod
by Iloyne, but is obviously not the plant of Roxburgh.

X. C08M0ST1GMA. Wiyht.
Corolla rotata, 5-psrtltn. Corona staminea 6-phylla ; foliolis comprcssis
bifidis. Antheno ventricoste membrana tenninatie. Massce pollinis ereci
corpusculo sdgmads ope appendiculi longi penduli basi aflixBS. Stigma n
tioum ala angusta flexuosa repanda coronatum. FoUiculi Magni lineari-ob- '
longi obtusi Iteves. Semina coraosa. — Frutices volubiles. Folia opposita,
mcinbcanacea. Corymbi scepc geminati, longe pedunculati. Flores parri.
Am MaTadenin firincip!:
cleft leaflets of the ci

42 ASCLEPIADEiE. HETBBCMmniMA.

1. C. racemasa (Wight). — Asclepias racemosa^ Roxb, fl, Ind. 2. jr. 32 ; fti
ccBt, mere, Ind, or, mus, tab. 1818. — Nerium piscidium^ herb, Waii, I ft. 69, Ar
hart, bot. Cole, (non Roxb,) Silhet et Chittagong ; WaUu^i — (U. IF.)

XI. HETEROSTEMMA. W. <^ A.

Corolla rotata, 5-partita. Corona staminea 5-phylla ; foliolis dilatatis intw
processu auctis. Anthene membrana stigmati incumbente terminatsd. MassoB
pollinis erectffi^ obsolete tctragonee^ hinc margioe pellucida. Folliculi Iflsres.
Semina comosa. — Fmtices volubiles. Folia opposita^ supra versus basin glan-
dula minuta instructa. Umbelke parvse, interpetiolares^ breve pedunculato.

Owing to the variable nature of the corona in this genus, we have been under the
necessity of making its essential character rest on the form and structure of the
pollen masses (which resemble those of Stapelia and its allies), and the twinioLg ha-
oit. Each of the species referred to this genus has a form of the crown peculiar ta
itself: the first has the leaflets dilated, entire, and spreading, with the interior pro-
cess similar in form but smaller ; the second has them obcordate, much dilated,
with the margins free and overlapping, and the interior process erect flesh j, incum-
bent on and nearly equalling the gynostegium in height; in the third thej are fur-
nished with a subulate tooth or horn on the back, wmle the interior process is re-
duced to a mere gland.

1. H. Tanjorensis (W. & A. :) volubilis glabra, foliis late ovatis oblongisve
breviter acuminatis basi obtusis cordatisve (2-4-uncias longis 1-2 latis)^ pe-
dunculis petiolo brevioribus paucifloris, cor. st. foliolis patentibus latis trun-
catis processu interiore linguiformi, folliculis divaricatis tenuibus glabris apice
uncinatis. — Wight! cat. n. 1527. — Stapelia involucrata^ herb. Madr,l; WaUA
Asclep, n. 112. In arenosis provincisa Tanjore.

We have met with this plant in collections, under the name of Stapelia
volubilis and S. involucrata, sent by the Tranquebar missionaries, but both of
these names are equally applicable to the other species.

2. H. Wallichii (Wight :) volubilis, ramis utrinque linea laterali pubescente>
foliis ovatis acuminatis glabris (4-8 uncias longis 2-3 latis), pedunculis bre-
vissimis paucifloris, cor. st. foliolis valde dilatatis obcordatis processu interiore
erecto camoso gynostegio incumbente. — Wall./ Asclep. n. 154 (absque nom.)
Sheoporp; Wallich.

The interior processes seem to cohere slightly by the margins, forming as
it were a tube around the gynostegium, but, from the imperfection of my
specimens, I am far from certain that they actually do so. — (22. W.)

3. H. aJata (Wight:) volubilis, ramis utrinque linea laterali pube6cente>
foliis ovatis acuminatis glabris (2-5 uncias longis 1-3 latis), umbeHis pauci-
floris subsessilibus, cor. st. foliolis cuspidatis dorso dente subulato instructi»
processu interiore glandulseformi, folliculis tenuibus glabris divaricatis. —

Hoya alata. Wall.! Asclep. n. 136. Nepal; WaUich. — Massooree; Royle, —

(R. W.)

XII. PERGULARIA. Linn. ; R. Brown.

Corolla hypocrateriformis, tubo urceolato. Corona staminea 5-pbylla; fo~
liolis compressis apice indivisis, intus lacinula auctis. Antherse membrana
terminate. Massse pollinis erectse. Stigma muticum. Folliculi l»ve8> yen-
tricosi. Semina comosa. — ^Planta) volubiles. Folia latiuscula, membranacea.
Cymes interpetiolares. — Flores flavescentes, odorati.

1. P. pallida (W. & A. :) volubilis, ramis tenuibus molliter pubescentibns,
foliis cordatis acuminatis, cymis subsessilibus multifloris, corollse segmentis
ligulatis tubo intus glabro gynostegium vix superante longioribus, cor. st.
ejusque processu stigma apiculatum supcrantibus. — Wight, ! eat, n. 1528. —
?. vuidis, herb. Ham, ! — P. limbata, Wall.! Asclep, n, 61. — Asclepias pallida,

DisoHiDU. ASCLEPIADE^.

Roxb. fi. Ind. i. p. 4S. CourtiLUuin (vis tanien indigsna) ; herfi. Wight.

Oongachoia et Munghir; Hamiltan. Bunna et Penang; tTaMicL Hima-
laiah.; Royie.

2. P. adoratigsima (Smith :) volubilis, ramis mollitei pubescentibus, foliis
cordatia acnminatis ad venas pubcsccntibuSj cymU btevc pedunuulatis multi-
floris, coKille segmentis brevibus obtusisj tubo gynostegimn dnpio super-
ante intus lineis quinque deflexo-piloBis e smubus decunentibua, coi. st. gj-
nostegium squante. — Stn. io. pint. t. IS ; Rexh. in otet. mere. Ind. or. mim.
(. 122," Brovniin Wem.toc.mem. l.p. 31; Andr. bot. rep. /. 185; Roem. et
seh. syst. veg. 6. p. 5i ; Spr. »yat. 1. p. 843 ; WaU. ! Aiicfep. n. 60, a, c (ex parte) J .
Wight, feat. n. 1S29,— Cynunchum odoTBtiBBimnm, ioH?-./. Codiin. 1. p.20e.
— Aaclepias odoratiseima, Roxb.Jt. Ind. 2. p. 47. — RumjA. Amb. 7- 1. 26. y. 1.

In Peninsula (vis ac ne yix indicona) ; herb. Madras. Ptome ; Waltich.

Pagamcw; Wallieh. Patma; HamSto-n. China? Firdaj/mn.

P. minaf of Andrews, aeeinB to be a variety of tbis plant, aa has been
Btated by Smith, arising from cultivation. As a proof of lliia, it may bo men-
tioned that, although aent from East lodia, no boUmifit there has been able
to detect the same form in the wild state.

XIII. DISCHIDIA. R. Bjwn.— CoUyria, Vahl.
Corolla urceolata, 6-fida. Corona sLaminea C-phylla; foUolia bifidia, lobis
patentibus apice rec:tirvis. Antheree membrana terminatfe. MassEe polUois
erectte, basi affixse. Stigma muticum. Folliouli lajves. Semina comoaa. —
Hetbaj perennea, in arboribua paraaiticse, lacteacentes. Caules ad genicnls
inferiora radicanles. Folia oppoBita, ciassa, camosa. Florca parvi,

1. Ti. Benghulennvi (Colebr. :) camosa, caule foliisque lanceolatis glabria,
cyniis Bubcapitulifomubua breve pedunculatis. — Colebr. in Linn. mK. trang.
12.p.3&7; Spr. ei/st.l.p.344; Hook, in bot. mag. t. 2fil6; Wall.! Z,.n. 4205.
D. lanceolata, WaU.! Atciep. n. 82. Silhet; Wallieh.—i^R. IT.)

2. D. Nummalaria (B. Brown :) camosa, caulo foliisque orbiculaiibus
acutis &rinoeis, pcdunculia lateralibus paucifloris.— £. Brown prod. fi. nov.
Hon. 1. p. 461 ; Roem. e.t Sckult. 6. p. 67 ; Spr. syst. 1. p. 844 ; Wall. ! L.
n. 4204.— Diachidia, WaU. ! Atclep. n. 63.— CoUyria minor, Vahl. in act. toe.
hilt, nat, Hafa. 6. p. 111. — Nummularia lactea minor prima, Rikm^.Amh, b.
p. 472. (. 176./. \.—Plak. t. 354./. 2F— . . . . ; AsJ*. Finlagitm. Penang
et Singapore, etianique ad ripaa Attrao in Martabania; WiUlidi.

Vahl's easeniial chatacter, " foliis oblongo-ovatis," may perhaps belong to
a different speciea, although he refers without doubt to the above figure in
Rumpbins ; with which flgure, however, the only apecimen I havo seen, col-
lected by Finlayson, without any locali^ specified, accords well. — {R. WJ)

3. D. WaUichii (Wight :) camosa, caule foliisque orbieularibua glabria baud
farinosia. — Diachidia, Wail. ! Asclep. n. 64. — Nummularia lactea minor secun-
da, Rumj^. Amb. B. 1. 176./. 3? Singapore ; WaUick.

Dr Walljch sugceata, in a note attached to the specimens, that this may
be Rumphiua' Amb. 5. t. 176. f. 1, and the Collgris minor of Vahl. 1 have
followed Mr Brown in assigning the former of these aynonyma to D. JVum-
mularia, but Rumphius' f. Z, of the same plate seems to be tne preaent plant.
The specimeDB I have seen are not in flower. — [R. W.)

t4. D.cuneijblia (Wall.)— r«H. L. n. 4206. Attraji in Martabania,

1827; Wailieh.

t6. D.? Coltgris (Wall.)— (Poa. L. n. 4207.—" Collyria major, Fahl.—
Conchophyllum imbricatum, Blume." Attran, 1827 ; WalUc^.

We have inserted Vahl'a description at the end of this memoir : wc do not
knotr what work of Blume is referred to.

44 ASCLEPIADEiE. Gymnema.

1 6. D. Rafflesiana (WaU.)— »^a//. L. n. 4208. Singapore, 1822 ; Wal-

lich.

Perhaps this may be the same with what is here named D. Wallichii.

t7. D. clavata (Wall.) — WalL L, n. 4209. Attran prope Assamec;

Wallich.

XIV. GYMNEMA. R, Brown,

Corolla suburceolata, 5-fida^ fauce squamulis denticulisve 6 sinubus insertis

nunc coronata. Corona staminea nulla. Antherse membrana tenninatse.

Massee pollinis erectae, basi affixse. Folliculi Iseves. Semina ssepe maigina-

ta, ad umbilicum comosa. — Fnitices vel suflPrutices ssepius volubiles. Folia

opposita, membranacea plana. Umbellse interpetiolares, cymiformes.

The stamens are not truly naked : in every species we have examined there is a
gland-like body, or fleshy leaf on the base of the filaments ; in our last section this is
BO conspicuous as to leave it doubtful whether the species referred to it ought to be
retained in the genus, the more especially as this diflerence in structure is accom-
panied with a difference in the form of the corolla and general habits of the plants.

§ 1. CorollcB tubus intus pilosus, fauce denticulis squamulisve 5 decurrentibus
coronata,

1. G. lactiferum (R, Brown:) " erectum" vel subvolubile, glabrum, foliis
breve petiolatis ovatis obtuse acuminatis ssepe insequilateris^ umbellis petiolo
brevioribus plurifloris, corollse parvse fauce tuberculis camosis coronata^ tubo
intus linea pilosa duplici e tuberculis decurrente instnicto. — Br, I in Wem,
80C, mem, I. p, 33 ; Roem, et Sch, 6. p, 57 ; ^S^^. syst. 1. p, 844 — Asclepias lac-
tifera, Linn, I sp. p, 814. In Zeylana ; Hermann,

Thi? is so very closely allied to some of the forms of G, sylvestre, that I al-
most doubt if it ought to be kept separate : it is indeed probable that, if we
were acquainted with more specimens, so as to exhibit its mode of variation,
we should be enabled to prove that it shews a transition from glabrous to pu-
bescent, as G, sylvestre certainly does from hairy to nearly glabrous : in which
case no practical difference could be pointed out. Unfortunately no speci-
men is knovm to exist except those in Hermann's herbarium, which, in suc-
cession, Linnseus, Mr Brown, and I myself have described, — {R. W,)

2. G. sylvestre (R. Brown :) volubile totum folionim pagina superiore gla-
bra excepta molliter pubescens, foliis ex ovalibus basi apice attenuatis in
ovata cordatave acuta, pedunculis petiolum sequantibus, umbelUs geminis
subcapitatis multifloris parvifloris, stigmate obtuse conico staminibus multo
longiore, folliculis tenuibus attenuatis glabris. — Br. in Wem, soc, mem, 1.
p. 33 ; Roem, et Sch. syst, veg, 6. p, 57 ; Spr, syst. 1, p. 844; Wall, ! Asclep.
n, 71 ; Wight! cat, n, 1530. — G. parviflorum, Wall. ! tent.fl. Nep. p. 50 ; As-
clep, n, 72. — Periploca sylvestris, Willd, sp, 1. p. 1252 ; Phyt. 1. p, 7, t, 5,f. 3.
— Asclepias geminata, Roa;h,fl, Ind, 2. p. 45 ; in coet. mere. Ind. or. mus, tab,

617. In Peninsulse dumetis frequens. Canton in China ; Reeves; Beechey;

Millett; Fachell,

There is certainly no difference between the Chinese {G, parviflorum.
Wall.) and the Indian plant.

3. G. hirsutum (W. & A. :) volubile valde ramosum, ramulis junioribus
foliisque subtus hirsuto-tomentosis, foliis supra pubescentibus ex late-ovatis in
anguste-oblonga acuminatis, pedunculis petiolo brevioribus, umbellis subca-
pitatis parvifloris. — Wight.! cat, n, 1531. — G. hirsutum? herb. Wight, olim, et
in WaM, ! Asclep. n, 70. Ad Neelghcrry ; Wight.

Perhaps this may prove eventually an alpine variety of the first species.
G, hirsutum. Wall. tent. fl. Nep., being now ascertained to be a species of
Tyhphora, we have adopted the name given formerly by Dr ^^'ight, although

Oymnema. ASCLEPIADEiE. 45

on the erroneous supposition of its being Dr Wallich's plant. G. attennattim,
Wall., appears likewise to belong to Tylophora.

4. G. wo^ (Wall. :) volubile, ramulis junioribus molliter pubescentibus,
foliis e late cordatis in ovata acuminata subtus moUissime pubescentibus su-
pra glabriusculis, umbellis capitatis subsessilibus parvifloris, stigmate trun-
cato stamina vix superante, folliculis brevibus e basi lata sensim ad apieem

attenuatis velutinis. — Wall.! Asclep. n. 72. h, 145, 151. Ad ripam fluminis

Irawaddi baud procul a fontibus petroleo uberibus ; WaUich,

The character of the fruit is taken from Wall. Asclep. n. 145 and 161 ; of
the flowers from *J% b,—{R, W,)

4. G. acuminatum (Wall. :) volubile, caulis cortice suberosa, ramulis junio-
ribus subtomentosis, foliis ovali-oblongis acuminatis supra glabris subtus to-
mentosis demum glabrescentibus, pedunculis petiolo brevioribus, umbellis
subcapitatis parvifloris, coroUse faucis squamulis exsertis segmentis dimidio
brevioribus, folliculis e basi crassa conicis brevibus ligneo-coriaceis demum
glabris (2 uncias longis 6-8 lineas basi crassis), seminibus (magnis) ala mem-
branacea marginatis. — Wall, tenLfl, Nep, p, 60; Wall, ! Asclep. 66, 69. — As-
clepias acuminata, Roxb, fl, Ind, 2. p, 55. — Cynanchum acuminatum, herb.
Ham. ! Chittagong, Silhet, Tavoy, et Maulmyne ; Wallich,

The Tavoy specimens are more glabrous than the others. — {R. W.)

5. G. latifolium (Wall. :) volubile ?, ramulis junioribus dense pubescenti-
bus, foliis late ovalibus acuminatis utrinque sparsim pilosis parallelim venosis
(4-6 uncias longis 3 latis), umbellis petiolo brevioribus cvmiformibus multi-
floris parvifloris, coroUse faucis squamulis inclusis, follicuhs subtenuibus acu-
minatis verrucosis (8 uncias longis 2 lineas basi crassis). — Wall. ! Asclep. n. 68,

144; Wight.! cat. n. 1582. Tavoy, Silhet, Saluen, Peninsula (fide spec. herb.

Madr.)

6. G. glabrum (Wight:) volubile glabrum, foliis ovatis cordatisve acumi-
natis parallelim venosis, folliculis magnis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis lig-
neo-coriaceis glabris (4 uncias longis 6 lineas medio crassis). — Wall.! Asclep.
n, 150 (absque nom. aut hab.)

Very nearly allied to the former, but quite distinct. The specimens are
so imperfect that I cannot give a fuller character. — (iJ. W,)

§ 2. CorollcB faux lineis 5 pilosis decurrentibus.

The plants of this section have larger flowers than those of the last, and owing to
the pedicels being longer, the umbels are larger though fewer-flowered : their appear-
ance is altogether more elegant.

7. G. tingens (W. & A. :) volubile frutescens, ramulis junioribus herbaceis
glabris, folus ex cordato-ovatis in ovalia subiter attenuatis utrinque glabris
(3-6 uncias longis 2-3 latis), umbellis corymbisve ssepe geminis primum pe-
tiolo brevioribus demum spiraliter elongatis, floribus majusculis (pallide fla-
vis), coroUsB fauce nuda tubo lineas 6 pilosis instructo, filamentorum glandu-
lis staminibus dimidio brevioribus, stigmate mutico stamina superante. —
Wight. ! cat. n. 1533. — Asclepias montana, Roxb. (fol. ovali oblongis) fl. Ind.
2. p. 45 ; in ccet. mere. Ind. or. mus. tab. 618. — A. tingens. Ham, in Roxb.
(fol. cordatis) fl. Ind. 2. p. 63 ; Cor. 3. p. 34. t. 239; in ccet. mere. Ind. or.
mus. tab. 1226. — ^Periploca montana, Rottl. in herb. Wight. — Microloma Bida-
ria, herb. Ham. ! n. 754 ; Wall. ! Asclep. n. Q6. — Tylophora Ariadnes, herb. Ham.

n. 761 ; Wall.! Asclep. n. 54. — Rumph. Amb. 6. 40. /. 2. ? In sylvis Cam-

rupge orientalis ; Hamilton. In montibus Magadhee ; Hamilton. Sukana-
gheer ; Hamilton. Ad locum Khuriepass dictum ; Royle.

This plant varies considerably in the form of the leaves, but the spiral ten-
dency of the corymbs or racemes is constant. Hamilton, from the name at-
tached to some of his specimens, seems to have considered this to be the Co-

46 ASCLEPIADEiB. Otmiibiia.

rona Ariadnes, Rumph. Amb. 6. 1. 172^ but that figure represents rather a spe-
cies of Hoya,

7. G. elegans (W. & A. :) volubile^ ramis tenuibus glabris lignosis seniori-
bus subverrucosis^ foliis cordatis ovatis oyalibusve acuminatis margine undu-
latis^ umbellis breviter pedunculatis demum non spiraliter elongatis pedicel-
Usque ffiouilongis^ floribus parris (albidis)^ corolke &uce nuda tubo intus li-
neis 5 pilosis instructo, stismate obtuso staminibus longiore, folliculis ssepius
solitariis acuminatis (albidis 8 uncias longis 3-4 lineas crassis)^ seminibus
marginatis. — Wight ! cat, n. 1634; Wall, 7 Asclep, n, 67, 165 (absque nom.).
In montibus Dindygul, Salem^ et Columala ; Wight, "Segaen ; WalHch.

This^ though a very different looking plant from the last^ and certainly a
distinct species, is very difficult to be distinj^uishcd by characters. The slen-
der form of every part, and the small few-nowcrcd umbels, present the most
striking points of difference.

§ 3. Corolla ventricosa, fauce edentula, tubo intus lineis piloHs decurrentUmg
nuUis, Filamenta sapitis tuberculo camoso ad basin instructa.

The plants referred to this section ought perhaps, as already suggested, to form 9
distinct cenus : they differ widely from the others in general appearance, but more
especially in their inflorescence, which in four species forms large lax compound cc
rymbs ; in the fifth, however^ it returns to the simple umbeL The pollen masses alsor
(uffer in form from the rest of the genus in being compressed and spathulate, and the
appendiculi or corpuscular appeuaages are thickened and sometimes very long.

8. G. Nepalense (Wall. :) foliis ovalibus ovato-oblongisye acuminatis glfir-
bris subtus ^laucis atquc venis fuscis minutim reticulatis, pedunculo communi
foliis nunc breviore nunc longiorc^ umbellis compositis multifloris, floribus
breve pedicellatis subcapitatis. — Wall. I tent, fl, Nep, p, 60. t, 38; Asclep. n*
116.6. — G. columnare. Wail,! Asclep, n, 73, a, Nepal; Wallich, — (i?. W.)

9. G. columnare (Wall. :) foliis ebasi subcordata lineari-oblongis acumina-
tis glabris subtus pallide glaucis venisquc fuscis reticulatis, umbellis compo^
sitis folium subeequantibus multifloris, floribus subsessilibus. — Wall,! Asclep*
n. 73. b.

The only specimens we have seen are from the Calcutta Botanic Garden.
This plant is so strikingly like the figure of G. Nepalense, that I suspect a
specimen of the latter has been figured while one of the other is described.
Both species are probably found in Nepal, and perhaps are varieties of the
same plant ; they differ chiefly in the shape of the leaves. — {R. W.)

10. G. sagittatum (Wall. :) foliis ovalibus oblongo-ovatisve apice attenuatis
glabris subtus albido-glaucis venisque concoloribus, pedunculis tenuibus folia
subeequantibus, cymis compositis laxis ramis filiformibus, pedlcellis secus
lincam elevatam spiralem dispositis, floribus parvis seepe caducis, folliculis
( junioribus) tenuibus glabris. — Wall, ! tent. fl. Nep. p, 60; Asclep, n, 114, et
63? In SUhet ; Waaich,-'{R, W.)

11. G. WaUichii (Wight:) foliis ovalibus breviter acuminatis glabris subtus
pallidioribus venisque concoloribus, cymis raccmiformibus, pediccllis sccus
lincam elevatam spiralem dispositis, corolla ventricosa intus pilosa, gynoste-

fio foliolis 6 camosis ad basin munito. — WaU,! Asclep, n. 136 (absque nom.).
ingapore ; Finlayson; Wallich,
The large fleshy glands, or leaves, at the base of the filaments, renders this
a verv doubtful species of Gymnema ; but the three preceding species, with
which it associates in other respects, have them also, although not equally
conspicuous. — (R, W.)

12. G.? Finlaysonii (Wight :) volubile-glabrum, foliis cordato-ovatis subi-
ter acuminatis subtus glaucis venis fuscis reticulatis, umbellis densis multi-
floris petiole longioribus, corolla subcampanulata glabra, gynostegio brcvi

Saroolobus. ASCLEPLADEffl.

basi nudo, mass. poll. appDndiculia elongatis medio spiraliter toitis.

Aselep. n. 143 (innom.) ; Herb Finlayaon.

Ptoljably from China or Singapore, — (^R. W.)

XV. SARCOLOBUS. R. Br.

Corolla rotata, 5-partita. Gjnostegium subglobosum. Corona Btai
nulla. AnthcTie membrana terminates. Masse pollinis erectie, basi affiice.
Stigma muticiim. FoUiculi Tontcicosi carnosi vel coriacei, aboitu subsolitarii.
Scmina mar^cata scabta. — Fiutices volubiles glabri. Folia opposita, glabra^
firtan. Dmbella: vel cocjmbi interpetiolaies.

We hsie not been able to examine any speeies of thje genus. It seems to bt
closely allied to Gymn^ma ; nor can we point oat any difttinction betreen them ex.-
cept in the seeds being here vitbout a, coma, and in the rotate corolla ; but indeed
Mr Brown saya of SaTcoiolma only, " corolla aubrotata," Mr Brown adds two other
cliaracter»,''&uxnndn,"aDd''fbnicuUciU'nosi," while inGymnnnathefaux is " sspe
connnitn," and the foliiculi " gractles : " as to the first of theee, Dr Wallich, al-
though he haa detailed the generic character at great length in the 12th vol. of the
Aeiat. Beaeurches, p. Sll, takea no uotiee of it, leaving it doubtful if applicable to
the Bengal aperies: as to the last, we have seen the tiiUieuli of some apeciea of
Cpanema very thick, abort, and coriaceous, or ahnoat fleaby, as in Sarrofofrw, but
with the seeds comose. Not having at prc-scnt access to the volume of the Aauitic
Researehea alluded to, we have detivei! the characters of Ur Wallich's two species
fima B comparison of those in Boemer and Scbultes's systems vcg., and Spreagel's

Bjst.

1. S. BankHi (Roem et Sch. :) foliis latiusculis, umbelUa multiflotis, corol-
la subrotata fkace Duda, foUiculis caraoals. — Roem. et Sch. tysi. 6. p. 58.

JsVa; in Princes' Island, prope Uataviam ; Banks.

2. &. globotug (Wall.:) foliis ovato-oblongis, cymis bifidisj corolla rotata
tubo btevissimo intus villosa, folliculis inagnis camoais globosis utrinque re-

tusis muiicatia. — Wall, in Asiat. res. 12. p. 677] '- 4; List. n. 4468. Ad

littortt subaolsa fliuninis Hooglj Benghalse Australia ; Rangoon; ct ad ripas
flum. KalitcQ ; Wallich.

S. 8. carinatus (Wall. :) foliis ovalibus oblongisve subcantosis, pedunculis
pauciSoris, corolla rotata tubo breviEsimo intus glabra, folliculis oblongis acn-
ti» Iravibua subtus carinatis.— Wofl. in Aeiat. rei. 12. p, S1&. t. 6 ; LUt. n,
4487.— Rangoou; WoWcA. E. Sunderbun; WaUich; HaiMoa.

XVI. LEPTADENIA. R. Bronm.

Corolla snbrotata ; tubo brevi, fauce aquamulia 5 segmentis altemantibus
coronata; ccstiTatio valvata. Corona staminea nulla. Anthcric libers;, apice
Bimplices. MassiB pollinis erccta; bajsi affixas, apice eoarctato pcllucido. Stig-
ma mutieum vel rariua apiculatum. Foliiculi Iceves. Semina oomoaa.—
Pratices volubilea, ssepe cinerco-puberuli. Folia plana. Umbella) interpc-
tiol^es. Stigmatis corpuscula nunuta..

1. L. reticulata (W. & A.:) volubilis, caulis ramottim seniorum aottice
Buberoso riabro, ramulis juniorihua cincreo-puberulis nunc aubtomentosis,
foliis ovatia lanceolatisve aoutia KEepias glabriusculia none breviter aUndo-
pnbescentibus, umbellis lateralibus mulCifloria petiolum Bubtequantibus, co-
Toilee segmentis marine rcvolutis intus barbatia, faiicis squamuhs simplicibus
breribus, stigmate mutico, folliculis subeylindruceo-oblongis obtusis asepius
abortu solitariia. — a ; foliis breviter larinoso-pubescentibus demnm subglabris,
pedunculis petiolum aubtequantibua pedieellisquBBequitongis.— ffijA/..'ca(. n.
IJSSfi.— CynaQclium reticuiatum, ReCic. <ib». 2. p. 16 ; Willd. »}: pi. 1. p. 1258 ;
Roem. et Sch. lyst. veg. 6. p. 107 ; Spr. xyat. 1. ji. 8fi2.— C. asthma ticutn, herb.

48 ASCLKPIADEiK. Lbptapenia.

Ham J n. 766. — ^Asclepias subcrosa^ Roxh.fl.Ind, 2. p. 98; incmt. m&re,Ind.
or, mus. tab, 614. — A. volubilis, kerb, Madr, !'; Ham, ! ; Wail, J Asckp. n. 7.
(excl. e.) — Sccamone canesccns. Smith! in Bees cycl, — j3 ; lamulis tomentoouB,
foliis oblong-o-lanccolatis, pedunculis brcvissimis. — Leptadenia brevipes^
Wight, cat. n. 1536. — y ; foliis late ovatis basi obtusis retusisve subtus sabve-

lutinis. — Gymnema aurantiaca^ WaU,! A8clep.n,14:7. « et ^; in Peninsula,

preesertim in provinciis australioribus. In dumetis Indira intra et extra
Gangcm ; Hamilton, y ; Prope Pegu in Ava baud procul a fontibus petroleo
uberibus ; Wallich,

Altliough we have modified the character to contain our second and third
varieties^ it is possible that both of them may form distinct species. Our «^ the
type of the species, is a twining shrub common in hedges near the sea coast,
and very abundant about Negapatam, where it grows to a great size. Of
/3 we have only a few specimens, mixed with the other ; they present young
fruit but no flowers ; the branchlets are tomcntose ; the peduncles are very
short, not a line and a half long (while in the true plant they are usually as
long or even longer than the petiole), and the pedicels are two or three times
as long as the peduncles. The var. y principally differs by the under side of
the leaves being almost velvety ; of this also we have not seen the flower.

2. L. imberbis (Wight:) volubilis glabra, foliis late ovatis cordatisve acu-
minatis, umbellis lateralibus multifloris petiolum subeequantibus, corollse s^-
mentis margine revolutis intus imberbibus &,ucc squamulis simplicibus, sti^-
mate apiculato. — Wall.! Asclep, n, 77, e (innom.) Meerut, Suroy; Waliich,.

The only certain character to distinguish this from the preceding is, that
the segments of the corolla are here beardless. (72. JT.)

3. L. spartium (Wight :) suffruticosa glabra, caulibus tenuibus valde
mosis, foliis anguste linearibus apice attenuatis, umbellis subsessilibus, co-
rollse segmentis intus imberbibus margine revolutis, faucc squamulis latis ex-
scrtis, stigmate mutico. — Gymnema spartium. Wall. Asclep, n. 76. — Canny-
chum angustifolium, herb. Ham. n. 755. Ad ripas fluminis Yamuna ; .S^-

milton. Himalaiah ; Royle, Simla ; Dom, Comitissa de Dalhousie, — (U. IF".)

XVII. ORTHANTHERA. Wight.

Corolla urceolata, 6-fida, fauce nuda, tubo subvcntricoso ; ocstivatio val-
vata. Corona staminca nulla. Antherro apice simplices, erectae, simplices,
acutie. Massee pollinis erecta;, basi affixse, apice coarctato pellucido. Stig-
ma apiculatum. — Frutex aphyllus, umbellis breve pedunculatis paucifloris.
Calyx 5-partitus, segmentis apice subulatis. Corolla extus villosa, intus gla-
bra, gynostegio duplo longior. Filamcnta basi glandula aut foliolo camoso
basi, ut in Gymnadenia, munita. Anthers? liberse, stigmati apiculato incum-
bentes. Folliculi ignoti.

This is perhaps too nearly allied to Leptadenia^ from which it only differs by the
urceolatc corolla, the absence of scales to the orifice of the tube, and erect antnen ;
but being unwilling to propose a farther modification of the character of that genaa,
I have considered it safer to constitute the present one. The habit is very different
from that of Leptadenia.

1. O. viminea (Wight). — Apoc3mca viminea. Wall.! rat. fi. 7478. Doab

Hindusthaniee ; Royle, 1825.~(/?. W,)

XVIII. TYLOPHORA. H. Brow.

Corolla rotata, 5-partita. Corona staminca 5-phylla ; foliolis simplicibus,
carnosis. Antheric membrana terminatxc. Massoc pollinl«! transvorsac vol
subascondcntcs, minuta', ventricosre. Stimria inuticuni. Folliculi la?vc.s.

TvLoPHOttA. ASCI.EPIAUE^. 40

apice ttCtcnuaiti, compieesl, hinc aubaagulati. Semina comosa. — Herbce ant
fiutices Tolubilee, Umbell» interpetblares, Bolitarim vel ultematim secua
pedunculum longnm fleTuosvim dispositi. Florea Hiepius patvi,

Tbp extreme Rii'nuteneBS of (be pollen-masses lendeiB it diSiciilt to determine the
situutioH of tliia genua, The form, however, of the gynosteyium and leiTes of tho
corona, readily diatinguieh it from evcir other except Iphina, but which differs b;
the \aifie size of the decidedly pen dulnua'pollen-m asses. In cxKmming the pollen of
Tgiophora, couiderable care is required, as the masses, when removed from their
cells, sometime* appear erect, Bome times pendulous, in the same species, nay — '

^

re could decide upon actually referrinsj^ to the aenus. As now defined, we bc-
.v: .|j lip quite distinct from Boga, to ™ich Mr Brown, when he first

n much the case in 1'. aslhmaiica, that it was ioag be-
ually referrinsU to the genus. As now defined, webc.
this Kenua to he'quite distinct from Hoji
eisCabllstied It, considered It too closely allied.

§ 1. Co/-. st.Joliulii olitimisaima vel obtute acuminata intus ecuspidala gynoate-
gio brteiora.

1. T. camtaa (Wall.:) volubilis glabra, caulibua ramisque tenuibuH, foliis
camosis ovatis Gubcordatisva mucroiia.tis oJcidiE subtus paUidiB (1-2 uncias
loDgis 6-9 liueas latia), pedunculis flexuosis ad flexuras pedicellos complures
filiformes eerentibus, Boribus parvis (intus purpureis), cor. st. foliolis catnosia
Buborbicu^ribus, massia pollinia adsceucLeatibus, stigmato conyexo, folllculia
gtabris Bmpius abortu solitariis. — Wall.! Asclep. n. 49; Wight.! cat. n. 1S37. —

Asclepias dichotoma, herb. Rattl.! In Amherst ; Waliicb. Ad Colombo in

Ceylona ; Rottler. In arenosis prov. Taujorcnais ; Wight.

A species apparently uadeacribcd.

2. T, temii»»ima (W. & A. : volubilis glabra, ramie tenuibuH, foUis oblon-
go-lanceoktis basi subcordatis caspidalis avcniia margino sabrevolatia (2-3
uncias lou^ 3-6 lineas latis), pedunculis flexuosis ad flexuras pcdicellos
complures filifonnes gerentibus, fioribus parvis, cor. st. foliolis ovato-oblongis,
maaris poll, adsceudentibua, stigmate convexo, foUiculis dJTergcntibus glabria.
— Wi^t.f cat. n. 1638. — Aaclepiaa tenuiaaima, Roxb.fi. Ind. 2. p. 41 ; In act.
men. Ind. or. miw. tab. 1383 ; Raem. et Sch. ayst. veg. 6. p. 8S. In Penin-
sula ^ Wight. Id Benghala; Roxburgh.

Vety nearly allied to the laat, and perhaps only a variety. Tlie leavcB,
however, are nearly twice the length, and inuth narrower in proportion.

3. T.paaciflora (W. & A.:) volubilis glabra, ramis teuulbus, foliia longiua-
cule petiolatia e basi lata ovata vel subcnrdata aensim atteuuatis uiargiuc sub-
undiilatisjpeduneulia folio brevioribus flexuosis pcdicellos binoa ternosve fi-
liformes ad flexuras gercntibuB, floiibua parvis, calycis corollseque gegmentia
obtoaia, cor. at. EoIiolislate-eliipCiciBobtusiB,massi.«poU. ndsccndcntibus, stig-

nwte convexo, folUculis glabria. — Wight. ! cat. n. 1539. Apud Courtallura;

W^l. lu Benghalie provinciis scptCQtrionalibus ; Rogle.

This species is easily distinguished from all the others by the almost trian-
gular form of the leaves.

1. T. hirsuta (Wight :) volubilis tota pubesceus, foliia late ovatia acumiua-
tis(S-fi uncias lougia 2-^ latiB),peduncuIia folium mibtequantibua flexuosis ad
flexuTM UDibellam sesailem gerentibua, pedicellis filitormilras, floribus parvis,
corollee segmeoCis ovatis obtusia undulatis, cor. at. foliolis ovatis sub-acumi-
aa,tis obtusis, mAssia poll, tiausvergia, stigmate obtuso, foUiculis tenuibus. —

Oymncma hirsutum, Wail.t tatt.Jl. nep. p. 50; Aidep.n.^. Apud Chan-

dageiy et Sanko; WaUiiA.—(_R. W.)

B. T. moBiiiima (Wail. :) volubilis tola puhcacens, ibliis ovalibus vel cor-
dato-ovatis acuminatia mucronatia (1-2 uncitia longis l-ll latis) pedunculis
folio duplo triplove longiotibus flexuoais ad flexuras umbdlam sesailem ge-
reatibus, pediceUis filifbnnibua, floribua parvis, coroUce segmentis ovatis obtu-
sia niidulatis, cor. st. foliolis apice tnmi^tii vel rotundatis, massis poUi trane-

I

50 ASCLEPIADEiE. TrLOPHaaA.

tem», ntif^tnAie obtuso^ folliculis pubesccntibus. — Wall, ! Asclfip, n. 47; Wight J

mt» n, 1/540. Ad Ncclgherry et in montibus Dindygul; Wight

Herb, FirUayHim.

PerlmpH too nearly allied Uy the preceding, from which it seems principally
to differ in the Hize of the leaves.

0. T. rotundifolia (Ham. :) volubilis tota brcviter pubescens, foliis rotulidis
ire! rotundato-ovatis (circiter uncias duas latis), peduncnlis folio breTionbns
pedieellbs subeeque longos filiformes in fasciculos subduos dispositos piope
apicem j^erentibus, flonbus majusculis glabris, cor. st. foliolis camosis bfevi*
btui medio gynostegio adnatis, massis poll, transversis, stigmate obttiBo.— -

HertK IlamJ n, 759 ; Wall. I Asclep, n, 120. In montibus et catnpis eleW^

tis Camrupso orientaUs ; apud Dongtala et Habora ; Hamilton, — {R, WJ)

7. T.faseictilata (Ham. :) erecta aut subvolubilis glabra, foliis approxima-
tJS ovatis obtusiusculis subcamosis (1-2 uncias longis etunam fere latis) ver-
ftif ramorum apices decrescentibus, pedunculis erectis flexuosis ad flexuns
fMciculos 2-3 paucifloros gcrentibus, cor. st. foliolis oblongo-ovatis obtusiuf-
culis, massiH poll, transversis, stigmate apiculato. — u, parviflora; caulibnsapice
imbvolubilibus, floribus minutis. — T. fasciculata. Herb, Ham.! n. 758; Witt,!

Sukanagur; Hamilton — (i; Ad Neelgherry; Wight.

In this species the corpuscles of the stigma differ from those of all the other
Anclepiadea which we have examined, in so far as the two portions, into
which Brown has observed that it is divisible, are here herbaceous and very
slightly united, and the extremities at both ends divaricate from each other.
The pollen masses are perfectly transverse, and are attached by a very slen*
der appendiculus. Perhaps it might, from this peculiarity, form a distinct ge-
nus, m which case the two varieties may prove species ; but our specimens of
both are too few in number to permit of our deciding what distmctive cha-
racters may prove constant between them.

8. T. Umgifolia (Wight :) volubilis glabra, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis /icntls
basi subcordatis (6-8 uncias longis 1-1^ latis), panicuRs folio brevioribns
multifloris, ramis flexuosis ad flexuras umbellam parvam gerentibus, coroUso
segmentis obtusis, cor. st. foliolis gynostegio subdimidio brevioribus late e!-
lipticis obtusis, massis poll, transversis, stigmate convex^. — WaU.! Asclep, n,
48. (innom.) In Silhet ; Wallich,—{R. W,)

9. T. ejpilis (Colebr. :) volubilis glabra, foliis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis
(2-8 uncias longis unam latis), paniculis majusculis folio duplo triplove lon-
gioribus multifloris, ramis flexuosis ad flexuras pcdicellos umbellatos gerenti-
bus, corollsD segmentis acutiusculis, cor. st. foliolis late ellipticis obtusissimis
gynostegio brevioribus, massis poll, transversis, stigmate apiculato. — Colebr,
in lAnn. soc, trans, 12. — Pergularia exilis, Spr, syst, veg. 1. p. 844; Wall. I
Asclep, n, 61 (innom.) Silhet ; WaMich,

Very nearly allied to the last, but certainly distinct. — (jR. JT.)

§ 2. Cor, st, foliola svJbmembranacea tenuiter acuminata acuta intuM ecuspida-

ta gynostegio longiora,

10. T. tenerrima (Wight :) volubilis tenclla glabriuscula, foliis anguste laa-
ceolatis apicc attcnuatis (1-2 uncias longis 1-4 lineas latis), pedunculis M-
formibus folio multo longioribus florum duos tresve fasciculos distantes ge-
rentibus, corolla alte 5-nda, cor. st. foliolis gynostegium superantibus ovatis
apice tenuiter acuminatis, massis poll, transversis, stigmate obtuso. — Homo-

Ti-toPHoRA. ASCLEPIADE^. Bl

lostyles tenetrima, WaH.! Asekp. n. m, UZ. Ad Purpuhno, in Nepala;

WailiKh. Inmontibus UinuUaiaL, alt. 1 000 liexapod. ; Royle.—^R'.W.')

§ 3. Cor. *t. JbUola dej
interiore apice h

'essa earjuKa ^v"^(te^'i ba»in amptectentia, margine
denticuium cair^iformem ereetum produeto.

11. T, eapparidifblia (W. &A. :) Tolubilis glabraj ramis tenuibuB, fbliis
clliptico-oblongis mucronnto-sciimiDatiB coriaceis reticulatim Tesosis (1^2
iiDcios lon^ 6-7 lineas latis), racemis umbollifonnibuH GubseBsiKbuB paaci-
floris parvifloris, corolte segmentis obtuajs glabris, cor. st. foliolis rotundatis
c«niosis apicc iiitus denticmo brevi acuto auctia, mass. poll, subadscendenti-
bus, stiginate olituso. — Wight. ! eat. n. 1S42. — Asclepiaa tenuis, herb. Heyn. !,
WaU.! Asetep. n. 122. In Mjsoro? Heipit.

The leaves of this species are remarkable for their resemblance to those of
some species of Capjiaris, particularly to the narrow-leaved forms of C ntytosa
and heterophgtia. The name given by Heyne, althou^ applicable to it, on
the supposition of its being an A»:iepiiu, is not so as a Tyl^ora.

IZ T. purpurea (Wall.:) volubilis trlabra, ramis tenuibua, foliis subcor-
dato-oblongis mucronato-acuminatis (l-l^ uncias longis 8-0 lincas latis),
pedunculis liliformibus folium subsquantibus florum &sciculos 2-3 pacvos
gerentibus, coroUce ee^enti^ aoutis, cor. st. foliolis rotandatia gynostcgii ba-
sin amplectentibus apice intus deotioulo brevi auctis, masais poll, transvereia,

stigmate obtuBo. — fTaU.! Asdep. n. fiO. Ad ripas fluminia Irawaddi; Wal-

fici.— (Jt W.)

13. T. asthmalica (W. & A. :) volubiLis glabra ant pubescena, ramis tcnui-
f>us, foliis ovatis Bubrotundiave acumicatis basi srepius cordatis supra glabris,
pedunculia folio brevioribus umbellas 2-3 sessilea paucifloras versus apicem
gerentibiia, floribus majuscnlifi longe petlicellatis (pnrpurascentibus), corolto
segmentis acutis, cor. st. foliolia camosia depresaia gynostegii basin amplec-
tentibus apice intus dcnte elongato erccto auctis, massis poll, tranvcrsis mi-
nutis, stigmate obtuso, foUioiSs glabris divaricatis. — Asclepias asthmatica,
Roxb.ji. Ind. 2. p. 33 ; Wilid. up. p. 12T0 ; Roma, el Seh. sy»t. veg. 6. p. 80 ;
Spr. sygt. 1. p. 849; WaB.! Asclep. n. 116. b.—A. tnnicata. Wail.! Atctep. n
117. c. — A. vomitoria, Kaen. in *«■&. Bankg; Roxb. in cat. mere. Ind. or.
mu». tab. 608.— Cjnancliuni Ipecacuana, BT/W.— C. voroitorium. Lam. en
tBe(fi,2.p. 235.— C. viridiflorum, Sim'» bot. mag. t. 1929; Spr.syxt. l.p. 8fi;
— Hoya planiflora. Wait.! Asclep. n. 117. 6.— Tylopboca pubescens, Wall.! Ai
clep. n. 117- a.— WaU.! Aid. n. 119, 121, 148 (absque aom.)—Plak. t. 33G.
/- 7. — n, jmbegeeag ; ubique adpresse et stepe mollitor pubescena foliia supra
exceptis.— (fii(A(..'Mf(. n. 1643.— j3, jii6*-Oj- tola glabra.— ITiffAf.cai. ». 1643.

6. In Peninsula ; Soirburghj Klein; Wight. In oolle contra Loongye ;

WalHdi. Ad ripus prope Yenanglieun ; Wallioh. Ad sinum Siamicum ;
Fintapton. Ad Segaen ; WaUwh, 1826.

This has, if we mistake not, been described and figured in some foreign
work as Hoya viridiflora. It is probable that CffTianehum tomentosum. Lam.,
ought also to be referred here ; but the description is very imperfect. We
can see no other difference between the two varieties than what wo have
mestticmed: l^ere are even some intenuediate states as to pubescence, aucb
as Wall. Ascl. n. 117, a and c, which exhibit only a sprinUed pubescence. — It
waa not till after repeated examinations that we satisfied ourselves of the po-
sition of the pollen masses of this plant, and that they ^rreed with several un-
doubted Indian species of the genua. At first they and the appendicali are
horizontal ; but immediately on being removed &om tlie anther-cases, they
are sometimes erect from the extremity of the horizontal appendiculi, and
sometimes appear pendulous fcom the appendiculibeinfjflexuose. — We hi " " '"
regret the want of specimens of the New Holland species, from which cii

ht ASCLEPIADEiE. . Iphisia.

stance we may have so altered the generic character as to render it less apt%
plicable to them than was contemplated by the founder of the genus. . . .

XIX. BELOSTEMMA. WaU.ined. i

Corolla rotata. Corona staminea 5-phylla ; foliolis lineari-oblong^ camof

sis gynostegii medio verticaliter affixis aversis patentibus. Anthcree membiar^.

na terminatee. Massse pollinis globosse^ subadscendentes yel transversim anh

stigmatis margine dilatato sitse. Stigma muticum. — Suffrutex TolubiHs ubique

laxiuscule pubescens. Folia opposita, cordato-ovata, subacuminata. Pe-

dunculi folio breviores. Umbellse simplices, pauciflora;. Flores paxvi.

This genus differs from Tylophora only in the fonn of the corona. In thai^ tbd
leaflets are close-pressed on the gynostegium ; in this they appear as if attached by
the one end, and stand at right angles with the gynostcgium, and transversely across
the corolla.

1. B.hirsutum (Wall.) — Wall,! Asclep, n. 153. In Nepala; WaOieh,—

{R. r.)

XX. IPHISIA. W. Ss A.

Corolla rotata, 6-fida. Corona staminea 5-phylla ; foliolis camosis, versus
apicem subiter angustatis. Antherse membrana terminato;. Massse pollinis
Tcntricosee, apice affixae, ex appendiculi adscendentis filiformis extremitate
pendulse. Stigma muticum. Folliculi leeves apice attenuati, glabrL Se-
mina comosa. — Herbee vel sufFrutices subcrecti aut volubiles. Folia oppo-
sita. Flores parvi. Umbellse interpetiolares, simplices, aggregatse vel ad
flexuras pedunculi subsessiles.

This is very nearly related to Tylophora both in habit and structure of the flowers,
but is separated on account of the truly pendulous pollen masses.

1. I. muttiflara{W. & A. :) suffruticosa volubilis glabra, foliis ovalibus cus-
pidato-acuminulatis petiolatis, umbellis sessilibus ad flexuras pedunculi com-
munis altematim dispositis, corollse segmentis brevibus, appendiculis elori-

gatis basi sursum apice deorsum flexis. — Wight, ! cat, n, 1544. Ad Neel-

gherry; Wight,

2. 1. Govanii (Wight :) suberecta, foliis subsessilibus e late ovalibus brevi-
ter acuminatis in lanceolata acuta, umbellis simplicibus aggregatis paucifloris»
pedicellis pedunculos subsequantibus, corollse segmentis lanceolatis intus gla^
bris extus nirsutis, nppendiculis breviusculis primo suberectis. — WulLf AaclejK
n, 131 (absque nom.) In montibus Himalaiah ; Govan ; Royle,

If the retinacula be examined before the pollen masses are removed from
the anther-cases, they will be found erect with a very slight curvature botll
at the base and apex ; but as soon as they are removed from their naturat
situation, they become almost horizontal and nearly straight.

XXI. PENTATROPIS. R, Brown,

Corolla rotata, 5-fida. Corona staminea 5-phylla ; foliolis antheris oppcU
sitis, gynostegio verticaliter adnatis, aversis, apice solutis. Massse polfinit
ventricosee, pendulee, infra apicem afl[ix8e. Stigma muticum. FollicuK
IfiBves. Semina comosa. — SuflPrutices volubiles. Folia subcamosa, plana.
UmbellsB interpetiolares, pauciflorse, subsessiles. Folliculi obsolete trigoni^
hinc planiusculi.

1. P. microphyUa (W.& A.) — Wight,! cat.n, 1545. — Asclepias microphylla,
Roapb,fl, Ind, 2. p, 35 ; Heyne in Roth, nov. up, p, 177 ; Roem, et Sch, syH, veg.

Calotroms. ASCLEPIADEJE. 53

6. p. 85 j Spr, »yst, 1. p. 849 ; WaU, ! Asclep n. 111. — A. tenuiflora, Roab, in
ccet mere, Ind, or. ms. tab, 610 ; herb, Russ, ! — Oxystelma caudata^ herb.

Ham,!n, 771; Wall,! Asclep, n, 110. In Coromandelia, frequens. In

Benghala, ad ripas argillosas fluminis '^ Yamuna " dicti ; Hamilton,

Asc. alejciaca of Jacquin may be this plant, but the figure he refers to (Rheed.
Mai. 9. t. 13), and from which he in part made his description, bears no re-
semblance to "what we have in view : Roxburgh supposes that synonym may
belong to Tylophora asthmatica, but there are many obvious reasons against
that affinity. We can perceive no diflPerence between the Bengal and Coro-
mandel plants. As we are imacquainted with P. cynanchoides (Brown in
Salt, abyss, app.), or in what respect it differs from the Indian species, we
are unable to give a specific character : our species may probably, however,
be sufficiently distinguished as follows : Volubilis glabra, foliis subcamosis
ovatis mucronatis basi rotundatis, subcordatisve latitudine 1^2-plo longio-
ribus (6-18 lineas longls 3-12 latis), umbellis subsessilibus paucifloris, pedi-
cellis elongatis filiformibus, calyce minuto, corolla patenti-reflexa segmentis
acutis, cor. st. foliolis latis basi aversis apice cuspidatis incurvis gynostegium
aequantibus.

XXII. CALOTROPIS. R, Brawn.

Corolla subcampanulata, tubo angulato, angulis intus saccatis, limbo 5-
partito. Corona staminea 5-phylla ; foliolis carinseformibus, gjmostegio ver-
ticaliter adnatis, basi recurva. AnthersB membrana terminatsB. Masses pol-
linis compressse, apice attenuato affixse, pendulse. Stigma muticum. Folli-
culi ventricosi, Iseves. Semina comosa. — Frutices erecti, glabri, lactescen-
tes. Folia opposita, lata. Umbellse interpetiolares. Flores majusculi,
speciosi.

§ 1. Folia subsessilia cuneato-oblonga vel late ovata basi rettisa vel tsubcordata,

1. C. gigantea (R. Brown:) corollse segmentis patentibus marcescentibus
reflexis margine revolutis, cor. st. foliolis gynostegio brevioribus basi obtusa
circinnatim recurva apice incurvo subtridentato. — Brown in hort. Kew, {ed. 2)
2. p, 78 ; Room, et Sch, syst, veg, 6. p. 91 ; Spr, syst, 1, p. 850: Ham. ! herb,
n. 775; in Linn, soc, trans. 14. p. 245; Wall,! Asclep, n. 93; Wight.! cat.
H. 1546. — ^Asclepias gigantea, Willd, sp. \.p. 1264; Roxb, fl, Ind. 2. p, 30;
in ccet, mere. Ind, or. mus, tab, 606. — Rheed. Mai. 2. t, 81 ; Rumph, Amh. 7.

1. 14. f 4 1. In Coromandelia, frequens; Wight. In Indiss arenosis vulga-

tissima ; Roxburgh ; Hamilton.

This is the Mador or Mudor plant, from which the late Dr Duncan of Edin-
burgh obtained that singular substance called Mudarine, which possesses the
property of coagulating by heat, and becoming again fluid on exposure to
cold.

2. C. Hamiltonii (Wight:) coroUse segmentis . erectis, cor. st. foliolis gy-
nostegium sequantibus basi acuminata recurva apice bipartito patulo. — C.
procera. Ham, ! herb, n. *J*J7 ; in Linn, soc, trans. 14. p. 426 (excl. syn.) ;

WaU.! Asclep. n. 92. — Asclepias madaree, fiort, bot. Calc. In Methilse Ma-

gadhse et Cosalse arenosis ; Hamilton. Apud Patna; Hamilton. Doab Hin-
dustanisB ; Royle.

The Persian C. procera, judging from Andrews* figure, appears very dis-
tinct.— (i?. W.)

3. C. Wallichii {Wight :) coroUse segmentis patulis, cor. st. foliolis gynoste-
gium superantibus basi obtusa recurva apice supra stigma incurvato subbilobo.
— C. g}ga.ntcii, Wall.! Asclep. ri. 91, b. Melloon ; Wallich.

In addition to the above marks of distinction, this differs in habit from.

54 ASCLEPIADE^. OxYSTSuii:

both the preceding: the flowers are in loose long-pedunded panicles^ ill
place of contracted cymes or umbels. — {R. W,)

4. C. heteraphyUa (WalL :) coroll» segmentis erectinsculis^ cor. St. foHolig
ffjnosteeium asquantibus basi obtusa recurva apice stigmatis max;g^ini incimi-

bente buobo lobis incrassatis subdivergentibus^ — Wall,! Asclep, n. 91, o.

Ad ripas fluminis Irawaddi ; WaHich.

The flowers of this are smaller than any other of the Indian species^ aii4
form smaU compact umbels on short peduncles. — {R. W,)

§ 2. Folia petiolata cuneato- vel eUiptico^Umga,

6. C. herbacea (Wight :) umbellis compositis^ corolls tubo globose gynoflter
gium snbincludente laciniis patulis^ cor. st. foliolis gynostegio brevioiifaiis
basi acuta patenti-recurva apice tridentato gynostegio incumbente.— O. ado.
Ham.! in Linn. soc. trans. 14. p. 247 ; Wall.! Asdep. n. 90. — Asclepias her-

bacea> Roxb.fl. Ind. 2. p. 60; in cat. mere. Ind. or. mus. tab. 1544. ^In

BengsdflB provinciis remotioribus ; Carey. In Mithul® borealis sylvis ^ ffa-
milUm.—\R. W.)

XXIII. 0XY8TELMA. R. Brown.

Corolla subrotata^ patens tubo brevi. Gjmostegium exsertum. Coitpna
staminea 5-phylla^ foliolis acutis compressis indivisis. AnthersB membrana
terminatsd. Massee pollinis compressee^ apice attenuate affix^, penduloL
Stigma muticum. Folliculi laeyes. Semina comosa. — SufiVutices volulMkt
glabri. Folia opposita. Racemi vel umbellse interpctiolares.

What Kiinth describes as an external corona in the allied genus Phiiiberiia, is
probably only a mere contraction and consequent incrassation of the tube of tht
corolla, which may likewise be observed in the present genus.

1. O. esculentum (R. Brown:) foliis lineari-lanceolatis yenons, coroUs
margine ciliata, folliculis oblongis acuminatis. — Roem.et Sch. eyst. wg, 6.
p. 89 ; Spr. eyst. p. 850 ; WaU. ! Aeelep. n. 94 ; Wight. ! cat. n. 1547. — Periplocii
esculenta> Linn. fil. suppl. p. 168 ; WUld. sp. pi. 1. p. 1250 ; Roxh. Cor, L.
p. 13. 1. 11. — ^Asclepias rosea, Roxh.fl. Ind. 2. p. 40. — P/ti/r. t. 359./. 6 . ■
Per onmem Indiam.

2. 0. Wallichii (Wight :) foliis anguste lineari-lanceolatis, corolla maigine
ciliata, folliculis breye-oyaubus obtusis. — Wight. ! cat. n. 1548?-*-0. esculen-
tum, WaU.! Asdep.n. 95. ^Ad ripas Gangis atque Irawaddi; WaUieh* Ptopt

Pathacottah, in proy. Tanjorensi ? ; Wight. :

The shape of the follicles at once distinguish this species, so much aUke
that I can point out no other certain character. In O. esculentum they are
between two and three inches long, and taper to a point ; in O. WaUichii
they scarcely exceed an inch, and are equally obtuse at both ends, present-
ing when compressed by drying an oyal form. The leayes in O. Wallichii
are considerably narrower than in most states of O. esculentum, on which ac-
count I think it probable, in the absence of fruit, that my specimens horn
Pathacottah ma^ belong to it : for the same reason, beauti^ specimens ool«>
lected '' near Kishnagur on the banks of the riyer Tellinghie," by the Countes9
of Dalhousie, may be referred rather to this than to O. esculentum. — (jR. FT.)

XXIV. RAPHISTEMMA. Wall.

Corolla companulata, limbo 5-partito. Corona staminea 5-phyna ; foliolis
compressis elongatis compressis. Antherse membrana terminato;. Massse
pollinis sub apice afiixfio, pendula;. Stigma obtuse conicum. Folliculi sa-
pius (abortu) solitarii, subyentricosi. Semina comosa. — Frutex glabra, yolu-

ASCLEPlADEyK.

bills. Folia majusculu., curduta. Florcs iilbidi, corymbosi. Cor. st. fotiola
exseita, coTollte limbum submqusntia.

This genus, at Dr W^adirh suggests, is very nearly allied to Sanahia; tlie d . .
ence appGarin^to depend more on liabit and geographical situation than on the
chnracters afforded by the Sower-

1. R. pulcheBum {Wail.)^Wi^l pi. ar. rar. 2. p. 50. (. 163; List, p. 158.
n. 1310; Aaelep. n. 108, 109 ?— Aaclcpias pulchcUa, Roxb.JI, Ind.2.p. 54. —

PergTikna? campttimLitii, herb. Ham. Silhet; Hmtfb. Gualpara; Bmnil-

ton. Tavoy; Gomez. In Pej,m prope Rangoon; Wallich. Ad sinum Siami-
cuni ? ; Fintaymn.

The only specimen I Lave is from Finlayaon's herbarium (Wall. n. 109) ;
it BoeoK to differ a littlo from Wallicb's figarc and description, but it is tof
imperfect to enable me to detetinine whether it be a distinct species.—

(a. If:)

XXV. H0L08TEMMA. R. Brown.
Corolla subrotata,6-fida. Corona statnineaimogynostegioinsEfta, simplex,
annularis, obsolete B-loba. Antheta membrana terminatsB. Masste pollinis
pendulce, compressee, apice ottenuato affixce. Stigma muticum. Folliculi
ventricosi, teves. Semina comosa. — Frutices glabri, volubiles. Folia oppo-
sita, lata. Umbellte interpetiolares, breviter pedunculata. Florca speciosi.

1. H. Rhfedei (Spr.:) foliis late-ovatis cordatis. —Spr. «/«(. 1. p. 861;
WaU.! pi. as. rar. 2. p. 61; List, n. 4469; iFight.! cat. n. 1549.— H. Aila-
Kodion, Roem. et Seh. syst, veg. 6. p. 65. — Asclepiaa annulariu, Roxb.fi, Tnd.
2. p. 37; in ctEl. mere. Ind. or. mvs, {a6. 613. — A. convolvulooea, herb.Heyne.!
— Cynanchum annulare, herb. Seyne. ! — C. cordifolium et grandiflorum, herh.
Ruse.! — Sarcostemnia annnkre, Soth. nou. sp. p. 178; Roem, etSdi.syst. veg,

6, p. llfl ; Spr. syst. 1. p. 8a4.^}omptQ carpus volubilis, herb. Ham.! lij

Malabaria; Bheede. Mysore; Heyne; Wight. Samulcottali et ia montibus
Circars; Rnssell; Roxburgh. Gualpara; HamittoH. ¥^eao\a ; Rayle.

T\as species seems to haTe a very extensive distribution, being found in
Malabar and Mysore in the south, in the Circar district in tlie north of the
Peninsula, and apparently the same plant at the foot of the Himalaiab moun-
tains. Between the specimens we have examined from Mysore and those
from Simla and Kenuur in the Himalaiab tange, we can see no specific dif'>
ference. Tliey are, however, imperfect.

2. H./ragrans (Wall. :) " foliis oblongo-cordatis summis oblongo lanoeo-
IsXia l)aa> cordato-sagittatis lobis subimbricantibus." — Willi, pi. as. rar, 2.

p. fil ; List, B. 4470. In montosis ripEo Irawaddi ad Sccndya et Prome,

ctiam in monte Taong Dong, baud procul ah oppido Ava; Wallich.

This I have not seen.

XXVI. CYNANCHUM- Linn. ; R. Brown.
Corolla subrotatu, 6-partita. Corona staminea gamophylla, 6-20-loba,
dum 5-loba lobis anthcris oppositis. AnthewD raembrana terminatie. Massa!
poUinia vcntficoste, pendulm. Stigma sajpius apicolatum, nunc muticum,
tsrine inclnso-rostratum. Folliculi Ueves. Semina comosa. — Herbce peren-
ne^, Vd aufiVuticcs, ut plurimuro volubites. Folia opposite. UmhcUee intec-
petiolaies.

§ 1. Cor. St. tubalosa, ore 5-lO-Jido, gynostegium indsdem; lacinula fi in-

terioTes, antheris hbisque ej^lerioribus oppositie el paralleia.
1. C DoihousiiE (Wight:) volubile glabriusculum, foliis linear! -I anceolo-
Ufi atteouatis bB«i iatioribu^ cordatJs subtus pallidis vonisqiie luecJE notatiii

I

56 ASCLEPIADEiE. Ctnakchuii.

(4-5 uncias longis^ 4-12 lineas basi latis), umbellis paucifloiky pedicellifl per-
danculo longioribus^ coroUee segmentis ovalibus obtusis, cor. St. coiollaai
cequante 10-loba lobis alternis minoribus laciniis interioribus parris obtufiis

dentiformibus^ stigmate subapiculato indiviso. Ad Simla ; Dam, ComUi9m

de Dalkausie. Mussone; Royle. Augusto mense floret — {It. W,)

} 2. Cor. st, tubuhsa, ore 6-10-fido, gynostegium indudens ; carina 10 int^
riores simpUces ml in lacinulas productce.

2. C. corymJbosum (Wight;) volubile glabrum, foliis cordato-ovatis acumi-
natis subtus glaucis^ corymbis pctiolo loDgioribus multifloris, cor. st. corol-
1am aequantis lO-fidse lobis alternis minoribus carinis interioribus simpUcibu^^
mafisis poll, infra apicem affixte, stigmate apiculato bifido. — Cjnanchuu^
WcUL ! Asclep. n. 81. Silhet ; Wallich.—(^R. W,)

§ 3. Cor. St. tubulosa, ore 5-10-fidOy gynostegium indudens ; lacinukB carirusve
interiores nulUg,

3. C pauciflorum (R.Brown:) volubile glabrum, foliis ovatis acuminatis
basi reniformi-cordata auriculis divergentibus, umbellse pauciflorse^ pedunca*
lis petiolo brevioribus, floribus glabris breviter pedicellatis, cor. st. corollam
eequantis ore plicato 10-fido intus nudsD lobis anthcris oppositis lanceolatis
acuminatis apice bifido alternis brevissimis truncatis ac emarginatis, massift
poll, infra apicem affixis, stigmate apiculato obtuso vix emarginato. — R. Br.
in Wem. soc. mem. 1. p. 45; Roem, et Sch. syst. veg. 6. />. 98; Spr. syst. 1.
p. 852; Wight.! cat. n. 1650. — Cynanchum, Wall.! Asclep. n. 79. — Periploca
tunicata, Retz. obs. 2. p. 15 ; Willd. phyt. l.p.7. n. 23. t. 5.f.S; sp. 1. p. 1252 ;
herb. Rottl. ! (ex hort. miss.) — Asclepias tunicata, Roxb. fl. Ind. 2. p. S5 ; in

C(Bt. mere. Ind. or. mus. tab. 609. In sepibus frequens. In arenosis apud

Vellanganny prope Negapatam, copiose.

We have presumed to remove this species from the section to which Mr
Brown had referred it, as there are no interior keels, but only folds of the
corona which arise from the contraction of its mouth and disappear when it is
expanded. In every other respect our plant agrees with his character, and
also with Willdenow's figure and description. The follicles are ventricos6.
Perhaps this and C. angustifolium ought to be described with only five lobes
to the corona, the alternate ones being extremely short ; but they are really
present, and even when least conspicuous may be inferred from the broaa
sinus or space that separates the longer ones from each other.

4. C. Wallichii (Wight :) volubile glabrum, foliis oblongo-ovatis acumi-
natis basi cordata auriculata auriculis subincurvis, corymbis folio brevioribuis
multifloris, pedicellis pedunculum cequantibus vel superantibus, cor. st. co*
rollam eequantis sub-lO-fidse lobis antheris oppositis longioribus bifidis, massis
poll, infra apicem affixis, stigmate mutico. — Cynanchum^ Wall. I Asclep. n, 80-
Jentaga, 1828, et Chuna Poonjee ; Wallich.

Very closely allied to C. pauciflorum y but 1 think quite distinct ; the leaves
deeply cordate with the lobes ear-like and approximating, and the pedicels
usually longer than the peduncles^ are striking points of difference. — (i2. W.)

5. C. Callialata (Ham.:) volubile glabrum, foliis ovatis vel ovalibus acu-
minatis basi cordatis sinu angusto subtus glaucis, umbellis petiolo breviori-
bus, pedicellis pedunculum a^quantibus, cor. st. 10-loba3 corolla subduplo
brcvioris lobis antheris oppositis apice bifidis alternis brevissimis, stigmate
subapiculato intcgro, folliculis alatis. — Herb. Ham. I n. 767; Wall.! Asclep,
n. 83; Wight. I cat. n. 1551. — C. auriculatum, herb. Ham.! n. 768; Wall.!
Asclep. n. 85. — Periploca tunicata, herb. Madr. ! ; Wall. ! Asclep. n. 78, 6, c
(a non visa). In India Gangetica ; Hamilton, Ad Columala ; Wight.

Hamilton's C. auriculatum presents a different aspect, particularly in the

CvNANCHuw. ASCLEPIADEvE, 87

colaaF of the leaves of the dried specimens, -which is pale oclirp-, and i:
shorter peduncles and pedicels, and coneei^ucntly sraallet and mote compact
umbels: but we can. point out no other characters. We believe this has been
sometimes confounded with the Aitclfp. l^rticaia of Kocnig, and indeed Ha-
milton, in his herbarium, asserts that this is what Roxbargb nffirmed to him
to be lliat plant ; they are closely allied, but easily distinguished by the base
of the leaves, in this with an acute sinus, in C. pauci^rum with a broad si'
nus and diverging lobes, and by the relative size of the calyx, corolla, and
crown. In this, the calyx equals the crown, and the corolla is almost twice
as long ; while in the other the corona is almost as long as the corolla, and
both »J them twice the lenjfth of the calyx. We do not know the etymology
of the ipeciflc name ; perhaps the plant is so called in some districts by the
■natives ; if it be in allusion to the winged fruit, it is altogether inadmissible,
being a compound of Greek, Latin, and bad grammar : we had perhaps acted
more prudently by changing it.

6. C. alatum (W. & A. :) volubile glabriusculum, foliis (ramor. seniorum)
basi cordato-auriculatis (ramul. junionim (lorifer.^ ovalibus cuspidatis bast
oordatis vel omarginatis subtus glaucis, umbellis petiolum subtequantibus,
pedioeilis pedunculo longioribus, cor. si. cotolla bcevioris ore truncato erena-
to-lO-lobato lobis alCernis patillo minoribus, stigmate apicuUito bifida, follicu-
lis bine plauiusculis angulis alato-mai^^utis. — Wight. ! cat, ii. 1652. — Ascle-
pitts ttuncata, Roxh. ! in kerb. Bank» (n(*n^. Ind.\ In Coromandelia.

The truncated crown and winged follicles will distinguish this from all the
other species of the section.

7. C- ovalifeliam (^Wiglit:) volubile glnbtum, foliis ohlongo-ovalibus acu-
minatjs, cymis multiflons, peduncuUs petinlo longioribus, cor. at. coroUam
BubGequaUte 10-fida, stigmate apiculato subenuirginato. — Cynanchum, Wall. !
AtOlep. B. 82. In I'cnang ; Wallich.

The oval not cordate, leaves and ejTnose inflorescence readily distinguish
this species.— (Ji. IT.)

8. C.angu»tifalmm (W. & A.:) volubile gkbtiuscu!uni,pctiolis suhhirsutis
reflexiSj foliis lincari-lanceoktia cuspidatis has i magis minusve cordatis (3-d
uncias longis 4-6 lineaa laUs), umbellis btevibus multiflons, cor. st. lO-lobaa
lobis anthcris opposilis coroUam cequantibus late lineari-ovalibus altemis brc-
vissimis incunspicuis omnibus tnincatis emarginatisque, stigmate apiculato
fubemarginato.' — Wight. ! cat. n. 1553. In Coromandelia.

This was sent to Dr Wight by hia collectors : the precise station is unknown.
In several respects it agrees with C. paudfiomnt, but is easily distinguished
by the long (often 3 or 4 inches) and narrow linear-lanceolate slightly cor-
date leaves erailuaily tapering to a sharp point and there cuspidate, by the
reflexed petioles, many-flowered umbels, and by the longer segments of the
eorona having the sides parallel in place of converging to a point : the form
of tha stigma is almost the same in both.

§ 4. Gynaategium itipitalum. Cor. »t. gamofihi/Ua tubulma ad baairt ttipilis
interfa, t-fida, iatua IneiniiV cdHnuce nullie.

Bted tnrua or stalk to t... ^
I X had the opportunity of ei

9. 3. graeillimum (Wall.:) volubile glabmni, ramis oracilibus, foliis corda-
tte ftcuminatas basi incur vo-aurieulatis, unihellia paucifloris, pedunculo petio-
liBU snbEEquantQ pcdiccUis longiore, corolhe segmcntis lanceolatis, gynoste-
l^i stIpiCc cor. Htaraineam G-fidam intus nudam supetante, massis polL apice
afiixis, (stigmate rostrato requall 5-sulcatu truncato anthecarum membranas

atmuite.— Ass.)— Wall./ Asclep.n.m. Sagaen; W^u}b.—{R. W.)

I hare added to the character proposed by Dr Wight, that (rf the stigma,

aplce ^H

58 ASCLEPIADEiE. CvNAifCHiiM*

which was omitted by him : this species diflTens therefore torn the othet9 of
the genus^ not only by the sinfi^ularfy stalked ff3mostegiam protruded l^eyami
the corona^ but by the pretty Tong^ prismaticfll stigma : the membnmoiia tq^
to the anthers is also long. The pollen masses are pendulous^ oyate-obioi^
and attenuated at the apex. I have not seen the species from the Cape no*
ticed by Dr Wight but if it also possesses the rostrate, although i]|plude4
stigma, I conceive there is little doubt of the two forming a more dietjnpt
genus than any hitherto proposed to be separated from Cynanchum as limited
by Mr Btown.-^G. A. W.-A*)

§ 5. Cor, H. profunde B-Jida, laciniis antheris oppositis intua ladnula paraUela
auotia. Masses poll, apicem vel infra apicem ajffLsiB. Stigma subapieula^
turn,

10. C. auriculatum (herb. Royle :) volubile, foliis cordato-ovatis acumina-
tis ciliatis basi auriculatis^ umbellis cymseformibus longe pedunculatis panel-
floris^ corolla 5-partita^ cor. st. profimde 5-fidce laciniis obtusis gynostegium

superantibus intus lacinula parallela auctis. — Wall, ! Asdep, n. 137. Kir-

mour ; Royle, Kamoun ; WaUich, — (22. W,)

11. C. Roylei (Wight :) volubile ?, totum pubescens, foliis e basi late-cor-
data auriculata in apicem subulatum sensim attenuatis^ umbellis longe pedun-
culatis multifloris^ corolla 5-fida^ cor. st. profunde 5-fid8e laciniis obtusis in-
tus lacinula parallela auctus gynostegium aequantibus. — C. tomentosom^ kerb»
Royle. Kimour ; Royle.

§ 6. Cor, st, profunde 5-fida; laciniis simplidbus, masses pollinis sub apiee of-
fiaa. — PlantcB decunibentes, vel erectce, nunc subvolubiles, umbellis sessUi-'
bus vel subsessilibus.

12. C. glaucum (Wall. :) herbaceum erectum glabrum vel pubescens^ cau-
libus compressiusculis et subangulatis^ foliis late ovatis vel oblongo-ovalibus
vel lanceolatis obtusis subtus pallide glaucis^ umbellis subsessilibus^ corolla 5-
fida segmentis intus hirsutism cor. st. profiinde 5-fidsB laciniis obtusis^ massis
poll, infra apicem affixis^ stigmate obtuse apiculato. — », latifolium ; foliis late
ovatis obtusis^ umbellis multifloris. — C. glaucum. Wall. ! Asclep. n. 133- — ^
oblongifolium ; foliis oblongo-ovalibus, umbellis paucifloris. — Wall. I Asclep. n,
132 (innomin.). — y, lanceolatam ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis, umbiellis
sessilibus multifloris. — Wight.! cat, n. 1554 (ex herb. Madr.). — Wall.! Asclep,

n. 134 (innomin.). « et /3 ?, Nepal ; WaUich. — y, herb. Madras (absque

local., vix Peninsula indigenum). Ad Simla; Dom, Comit. de Dalhouiie. In
itinere ad Cashmere ; Royle.

13. C. Kenouriense (Wight :) herbaceum ferectum, caule petiolisque brevi-
tcr hirsutis, foliis ovalibus cuspidatis breviter petiolatis snpra versus maigines
et in nervos venasque pubescentibus subtus nervis conspicuis venisque brevi-
ter hirsutis, umbellis paucifloris, cor. st. profunde 5-fidsB gynostegium SBquan-
tis laciniis obtusis sinu lato interjecto, massis poll, apici affixis, stigmate ob-
tuso. Kenour; Royle.

In this species the rhizoma is short, thick, and abrupt. — {R. W.)

14. C. Arnottianum (Wight:) herbaceum erectum glabrum, foliis oblongo-
ovalibus obtusis emarginatisvc mucronatis breviter petiolatis, umbellis sessili-
bus multifloris, corolke 5-fidce (extus fusco-purpureae) segmentis intus albido-
pilosis, cor. st. profunde 5-fids9 gynostegium eequantis laciniis obtusis sinu

lato interjecto, massis poll, sub apice aflixis, stigmate apiculato. In itinere

ad Cashmere; Royle.

The colour of the flowers will readily distinguish this from the other allied
species. — (U. W.) I

16. C. nonum (Ham.:) Ijerbaceiun erechim ^abniiii, foliis brcriter p
latis lineanbua acutiusculia basi sub-aurieulatiB (4--S unci&s longis 3~£ lincaa
latis), umbelliB HubBt'ssililnis niultifloris involueralis, corollm (majusculiB) 6-
partiUo segmentis obtUBis, cor. st. profundo 5-fidiu ^ynostegium tequantis Ja-
clniifi obtusifi, mafsis poll, npice afilxis stigmste apicnlato. — Herb. Sum.f n.

765; Walt.! A»clep. n. 141. In anindinetis elevatis CamnipEe boreolis;

Homiflon.— (B, W.)

XXVII. DfEMlA. R. BrotCTi.— Peipilaria. Lam. ill. t. 176.
Corolla Eubrotata, tubo brcvi. Cocona sCaminea duplex ; exterior brevis,
lO-partita, laciDus alttimia tituus ; interior 5-phylla, foliolis basi solutia supra
aubulatia. Anthers membrana tenmnatfa. Masaa) poUiEJs eorapcessaj, apico
afflxcB, pendidte. Stigma muticum. PoUiculi ramentacci. Scmina coi
— Canles volnbiles. Folia opposita, cordata. Floies umbellati.

1. D. exlertta (R. Brown:) frutiaosa volubilis, folllis subroCundo-cordatis
acuminntis acntis basi auricaktiB pabescentibUB subtua glaueis, peduncnlis
pediBelliaqnc elongatis filiformibuBj corolla maigine ciliata. — B. Br. in Wem.
TOc. 7«mi.l.p.60; Roem.et SiA.eytit.veff.6. p.U2; Spr.iis/»t.l.p.e63; Wall.!
Anekp. It. 97; Wight. 1 cat, n. 16£5. — CyDanchum extcnsum, Ait. hort. Kea.
{ed. 1.) 1. p. 303 ; Jaeq. ie. car. 1. t. 64.— C. cordifoliiun, Retx. 06c. 2. p. IS.
— Asclepias echinata, Moxb.fi. Ind. 2. p. 44 ; in cxt. mere. Ind, or. tab. 61G.

In Peainaula Indite. Ad cipas Oangia, et ad Umbatta in Htmalaiali ;

Dom. Comit. de Dalhoime.

In Dr Wallich's betbarium (Asclep. n, 98) there are apeoimena from Pe-
nang of perhaps another species, but t!iey are too imperfect to be ehacaa-
terised or even with certainty proved djstmct.

XXVIII. SARCOSTEMMA. R. Srown.

Corolla rotata. Corona Gtaminea duplex ; exterior cyathifonnis vel aUnu-
titriB, crenata i interior 5-phylla, cxtcriorem supeians, foliolis camosis. An-
theree membiana terminate. Masste pallinis apice affisse, pendulce. St
apieulatum vel muticmn. Folliculi grsciles, Icevea. Semina comosa. —
ticea Yolubilea vcl deciimbcntca. Caules aphylli articulati, vcl foliis oppoai-
tis diatantibus. Umbelhe latciales vel terminalcs.

1. 8. iHminaie (B. Brovra :) volubile apbyllum, umbellia terminalibua, ca-
lyce pcidioelljaque canescentibus, cor. Et. exterioria lO-plicates lO-dcntateo
dentibuB subosqualibus, interioris foliolia planiusculJs antheras fere superanti-
buB, Btigmate apiciilato bifido. — Wail.! Asdep. n. 99. c; Wight.! cat. n. ]"""
In Indire Peninsula.

This and the following species appear to be so confused by authors under
tlie name of Cynanckum viminale, that ne find it impossible to refer to their
worlca. Mr Brown's character of his S. auntrale seems likewise applicable to
them all, nor do we know how it differs : perhaps even it contains two spe-
cies, one with terminal, the other with lateral flowers.

2. S. Bmimiiana (W. & A. :) volubile apbyllum, umbellia lateralibus si
silibus, calyee pedicollisque caneiscentibus, cor. at. exteriore subplicata ore 10-
crenata crenisaltemantibus Eubobsoletis, interiore antlicris breviore, stigmi
apiculalo subintcgro. — Wight, cat. n. 15£7- In Coromandelia austrub.

3. S. brevittigma (W. St A.:) volubile aphyllum, umbcllis terminalibua vcl
ramulos breves laterales terminantibus, calycc pedicel] isqiic glabris, cor. at.
exteriore ID-pIicata 10-crenata, interioris foliolis dorso gibbosis g}-nostcginin
squantibus, stigmate mulico. — Wight. ! eoL n. 1£58. — 8. viniiiisle, Wall. !

60 ASCLEPlADEiE. PENTAf^ACRVE.

clep. n. 99. l, — Asclepias acida^ Roxh.fl, Ind, 2. p. 31. — A. apliylla^ Rosbi in

cast, mere, Ind, or, tab, 607. In Coromandelia.

We have referred here to Roxburgh, as his drawing resembles this in the
stigma, and rather more in habit than the two preceding : but the coroiut if
not accurately represented. • '

XXIX. PENTASACHME. WaU.

Corolla subrotata, profunde 5-fida ; fauce squamulis 5 segmentis altemis
coronata : SBStivatio valvata. Corona staminea nulla. Antherse liberse, api-
ce simpliccs vel acuminata. Massae poUinis pendulse, supra medium affixes,
apice coarctato pellucido. Stigma muticum vel apiculatum. — Herbse gfraciles
erecta; subramosse. Folia opposita, plana, membranacea. Umbellse subses-
siles, pauciflora;. Corolla; segmenta tubo duplo triplove longiora, anguste
linearla.

Senus allied in many points to Leptadenia^ but distinguished by the form of the
a, the pendulous pollen-masses, and by the very dinerent habit. The fhiit it

A

coro
unknown.

1. P. caudatum (Wall. :) foliis lanceolatis longe attenuatis, corollfiD seg-
mentis subulatis faucis squamulis majusculis 4-fidis, anthcris obtusis, stigmate

mutico. — Wall.! Asclep, n, 75. Silhet, in montibus Lahore; WaUich. —

{R, W.)

2. P. Wallichii (Wight:) foliis lanceolatis acuminatis, umbellis subsessili-
bus paucifloris, coroUce segmentis linearibus obtusis faucis squamulis parvis
glandulaeformibus, anthcris acuminatis, stigmate subrostrato. — Wall. ! Asclep*
n. 74 (innomin.) Silhet; Wallich,^{R. W.)

II. SECAMONEiE.

Massae poUinis 20, Iseves, quaternatim (duabus antheris pertinentes)
affixse apici corpusculorum exsulcorum stigmatis. Filamenta connatfty
extus appendiculata. — R. Brown.

XXX. SECAMONE. R, Brown.

Corolla rotata. Corona staminea 6-phylla ; foliolis lateraliter compregsiB
margine longitudinali affixis, avcrsis, simpUcibus. Massse pollinis 20, erectse,
quaternatim affixse apici corpusculi singuli cxsulci stigmatis. Stigma apice
coarctato. Folliculi laevcs. — Fruticcs erecti vel volubiles, glabri. Folia op*
posita. Cyma; dichotomse, interpetiolares. Flores minuti.

1. &,emetica (R. Brown :) volubilis glabra, foliis ex ellipticis in august^
lanceolata, cymis folio brevioribus pauci vel multifloris corolla glabra, cor. st,
foliolis cultriformibus gynostegio subdimidio brevioribus, folliculis gracilibos
apice attenuatis. — Br, in Wern. soc, mem, 1. p, 55 ; Roem, et Sch. syst. veg. 6,
p, 124; Sjyr. sytd. 1. p, 837 ; Wall, I Asclep, n. 102 ; Wight. ! cat. n. 1659.—
Periploca emetica, Retz. obs. 2. p. 14; Willd. Fhyt. 1. p. 6, ^ 5. /. 3; «p. 1.

p. 1250. — P. cymosa, Roxb. mst, In Peninsulse provinciis australioribus^

ad radices montium in dumetis, frequens.

Roxburgh considers the P. emetica of Retz and Willdenow to be the nar-
row-leaved state of his AhcI. pseudosarm, but to this we cannot consent, be-
cause both his broad and narrow leaved forms of that plant belong to Hernia
demius Indica : nor does it appear that Roxburgh ever found the present
species, at least it docs not correpj><>nd with any of his descriptions, and

ToxocAUPU*. SECAMONE^. «1

seems confined to a region further south than any which he had an opportu-
nity of examining. His manuscript name, above referred to, he appears only
to have attached to dried specimens sent him by the missionaries after he
went to Bengal. Mr Brown. (Wern. soc. mem. 1. p. 56) mentions another
species discovered by Roxburgh, but this we suspect to be our Toxocarpus
Roxhurghii,

2. S. Finlaysoni (Wight:) volubilis glabra, foliis ovalibus acuminatis sub-
sessilibus^ cyraorum folio longiorum ramis flexuosis, corolla glabra, cor. st.

foliolis gynostegium subaequantibus. — Wall! Asclep.n, 103 (innomin.)

; Finlayson.

XXXI. TOXOCARPUS. W. ^ A.

Corolla rotata, 5-fida, Corona staminea 6-phylla ; foliolis dorso planius-
culis, intus lacinula auctis. Masses poUinis 20, erectse, quatematim affixes
apici corpusculi singuli exsulci. Stigma rostratum, rarius apiculatum, indi-
visum. Folliculi leeves, divaricati. Semina comosa. — Frutices volubiles.
Corymbi interpetiolares, seepius oppositi, dichotomi, patentes, multiflori.

1. T. Kleinii (W. & A. :) caulibus glabris, ramulis junioribus pubesceuti-
bus, foliis ellipticis subiter ac breve acuminatis, corymbis subsessilibus ramis
divaricatis folio longioribus, floribus pedicellatis, corolles segmentis ligulatis
glabris fauce subpilosa, cor. st. foliolis ovatis bidentato-truncatis apice laci-
nulam interiorem planam linearem longe exsertam antheras superantem apice
subtridentatam gerentibus, stigmate rostrato apice breviter bifido corollee tu-
bum paullo superante, folliculis arcuato-reflexis. — Wight! cat. n, 1560. — Pe-
riploca glabra, RoxbJ in herb. Banks, — Echites racemosa, herb, Madr,! —

Wall.! Asclep, n, 113. a (innom.) In sepibus apud Vellangany prope Ne-

patam, frequens ; Wight.

To this is closely allied T, Wightianua, Hook, and Am., from China.

2. T. Roxburghii (W. & A.:) ramulis ferrugineo-pubescentibus, foliis late
ovalibus subiter ac breve acuminatis, corymbis breviter pedunculatis ramis
divaricatis folio subeequalibus, floribus subsessilibus, corollee fauce hirsuta seg-
mentis ligulatis glabris, cor. st. foliolis ovatis acutiusculis lacinula interiore
brevi crassa acuta vix exserta antheras eequante, stigmate rostrato corellee tu-
bum eequante contorto. — Wight, ! cat, n, 1661. — Asclepias longistigma, Roxb.
fl, Ind, 2. p. 46; in cast, -mere, Ind, or, mus. tab, 619. — A. micrantha, Roxb,!
in herb. Banks (non ^. Ind,) — Echites dichotoma, herb, Klein! et Rottl,! ;
Wall.! Asclep, n, 113.6. Circars; Roxburgh,

The flowers are much smaller than in the last species.

3. T. crassifolius (Wight:) ramulis parce pubescentibus, foliis breve petio-
latis ovalibus acuminatis coriaceis glabris, corymbis paniculiformibus sessili-
bus ramis elongatis parce ramosis calyceque fusco-pubescentibus, floribus
sessilibus fasciculatis parvis, corollee segmentis reflexis dense albido-villosis,
Cdr; St. foliolis lateribus reflexis superne coheerentibus carinamque dorsalem
efformantibus lacinula interiore acuminata longe exserta stigma subeequante,
stigmate rostrato gynostegioque corollee tubum superantibus. — Secamone
crassifolia. Wall! Asclep. n, KM, InSilhet; Wallich,—{R, W,)

. 4. T. laurifolius (Wight:) glaber, foliis ovalibus nunc obtusis seepius acu-
minatis coriaceis, corymbis sessilibus divaricatim trichotomo-ramosissimisi
floribus valde numerosis parvis, corollee segmentis reflexis intus albido-barba-
tis, cor. St. foliolis subcamosis brevibus rotundato-ovatis acutiusculis lacinulft
interiore breviter exserta gynostegium subeequante, antherarum apicibus ma-
jusculis latis subcristatis supra stigma obconico-apiculatum obtusum inclu-
sum incurvatis, folliculis gracilibus horizontaliter divergentibus. — Asclepias
laurifolia, Roxb, fl, Ind, 2. p, 49; in ccet. mere. Ind, or. mus, tab. 1814; Wall,!

»2 PEHIPLOCEiK. HBMii>s8Mf»-

Aficlep. n. 100.*»A. micrantha^ Roxh.l in herb. Banks! ; fl. Ind. 2. p, 60

(planta lunior). In Chittaffong ct Tippcrah^ atqiie in montosis c Beft-

ghala onontcm versus tendon tious ; Roaiburgh, In Hindoostania apad Cawn*
pore; Hardwick,

XXXII. GONIOSTEMMA. Wight,

Corolla rotata, 5-partita. Corona staminca gamophylla tubulosa 5-angu«
lata 5-loba^ gynostegii basi adhcorcns. Masssa pollinis 20^ ercctee quatematim

affixo) apici corpusculi singuli exsulci. Stigma rostratum. FoUiculi

Frutcx volubilis^ corticc vcrruculoso. Folia opposita^ oblongo-elliptica^ basi
apice acuminata^ glabra^ supra nitida. Cymes interpetiolares, paniculeoformes^
lax8e> multiflorsB. Corollco segmcnta ligulata^ intus ad medium pubescentiay
supeme glabra. Cor. st. gynostegio brevior^ camosa^ lobis intus nudis. Stig-
ma cylindraceum^ corolla subdimidio breyius.

This genus is allied to both Secamone and Toxocarpu9^ but differs from both ia the
structure of the corona and also in hubit. Brown *s character of Secamone^ howevinry
was perhaps intended to include all the three.

1. O. acuminatum (Wight.) — Wall,! Asdep, n. 127 (innomin.)— -Silhet ;
WaUich, 1828.

III. PERIPLOCEiE. R Brown,

Mass8B pollinis 5-20, granulosse, solitarise vel quaternatim appendiculp
dilitato solitario (c binis cohserentibus composite) ex apice corpusculi
siDguli exsulci orto stigmatis demum applicitae. Filamenta partim vel
omnino distinctae. Antherae conniventes, tholi mode stigma contegentes.

In all the senera of this group which we hare examined (except perhaps in Cr|(m
toitegxa^ in which our specimens were not sufficiently advanced), the corpuscle is oi^
lateu at the base into a kind of eland similar to those found at the base or the pollen-
masses of an Orchis ; and in all^ with the above exception, both the corpuscle and
its appehdage arc at length readily detached from the stigma.

XXXIII. HEMIDESMUS. R. Brown.

Corolla rotata, squamis 5 muticis sub sinubus insertis. Filamenta basi con-
nata, supema distincta, tubo corollas inscrta. Antheroe cohsbrcntes, a stig-
mate libera), imbcrbes, apice simplices. Massce pollinis 20, granuloseo, qua-
tematim appendiculo reniformi solitario corpusculi singuli applicito). Stigma
planiusculum, muticum. FoUiculi cylindracei, divaricatissimi, lasTcs. Sc-
mina comosa. — Frutices volubiles. Folia opposita, supra nitida. CyznsB iQ<-
terpotiolares. Flores parruli. Corolla camoso-coriacea.

The anthers are 4.celled : cells soon bursting and becoming expanded, so that the
anthers appear as if furnished with a broad membranous appendage or wing on each
side, forming a dome over the stigma, covering and apparently defending from wet
(he pollen-masses. Pollen-masses granular, four to each anther : these remain for
some time in their cells, but at len^h adhere to the viscid dilated corpuscular ap-
pendage. The spherules of which the masses are composed do not appear as if united
py fours into distmct granules, as in Periploca, but seem rather to cohere together
indeterminately : thus, if the mass be bruised on the field of the microscope, pieces
may be observed of a roundish shape, others linear; some composed of 2 or 3 sphft.
rules, others of 4, 5, or more, either heaped together irregularly or chain-like. Ova-
ries 2. Style very short. Stigma large, peltate, orbicular, slightly convex, glabrom.
Processes 5, alternate with the anthers, at first mere glandular secretions across the

Hk

PEBlPLOCEiE.

edge of Ihe atipna, aflellraTds of n tirm

Uiifl last stage -' '- - '

tu a diacoiil gli — ,

bv a furrow. The upper part,
<t olher AaclepiadeE, '"

ibvloi

ZCi

arkad

ta moet other Aeclepiadee, ib attached to Ibe coTpUHele b^ a mere point, apparentlT
by a kind of joint, and is broadly renifbrm and alightly emarginate -, this IB maiked
bv a longitudinal line, indicating that it is formed by the union of two piecen. AfCet

this part has received both pollen-masses from the adjac^-" '-"- -'••-- •— "

euous BUtheti. which it does not seem to do till after the i
lobea at its baac bend upwards, and render it cucullale,
cup containing 4 pollen masses, while the corpuscle serve
afterward! to becooie again flattened out, vheu the pollen

1. H. Indicwi (R. Bro-wn:) glaliec, foliiE ex cordstOHDvatia cuapidatia in
anguste linearia acuto siepius oblongo-lanceolatiB, pjmia stepius subaessilibuB
nunc peduncnlatia, coroUce squamis obtueis tubo e basi usque ad apicem co-
bterentibus, fblliculiB gracilibus tectis.- — -Hort. Sea. 2. p. 75 ; Roan, et Sch.
*y*/. i-^. 6.;i. 126; Spr. »giit. 1. j>. 836; Ham.} herb. n. 7Gl,7Gi; WaU..'
Agclep. n. 104, 105; Wight..' eat. n. 1S63.— Periploca Indica, WiOd. ip. l.p.
1351 ; Roa:b. in cat. mere, Ind. or. mus. tab. 212. — Asclepiaa pEeudoaarsa,
Roj^.Jl. Ind. 2. p. 39 (eicl. ayn. plurimia). Bherd. Mai. 10. (. 34; Burm.
Zeyl. p. 187. (. 83. /. 1 ; PittU. t. 369./. 2 (roliis latia), el 361./. 1 (fol. an-
gast.). Id lodiiB Peninsula, ubique. In duroetis saxosis Magadha: ; Ha-
milton.

A vury polymorphous species, periiapa to be aftepwards divided when we
bepome better acquainted with the fruit of the different varieties ; but at pro-
sent we can find do fixed character by srhich Co separate the broad from the
narrow leaved ones, the foliage presenting every inttrmediate formr we have,
however, seeD do leaves so long and narrow as in Rheede's figure, although
we h&ve little doubt, from his description, that it really belongs to this spe-
cies; in that respect it approaches H. WalUchii.

2. H. puheacent ( W. & A. .) ramulia gracilibus hirsuto-pubesccntibus, fo-
liis lanceolatia acutia pedunculia calyccquc pubcacentibus, cymis sessilibus,
cotoUre squamis tubo affixis. — Wight.! cat. n. 1563, — WaU.! Anclep. n. lOfi. d
(innom.). Apud Vendalore ; Wight.

S. H. Wallidiii (Wight:) glaber, foliia anguste lineari-lanceolatis acutis,
cymis paucifloria, corollEe squamis aubulaCis a tubo Lberis basi filamentorum

eohterentibua. — Wall. ! Asdep. ». 106 (innom,). In collihus Prome ; Wat-

lieh.

Besides the above, Mr Brown mentions two other unpublislied Indian spe-
cies " very nearly related " to H. Jndicus ; with these I am unacquainted,
unless thej belong to aomc of the forms of that plant. — {R. IF.)

„'„'^, SXXIV. BRACHYLEPI8. W. ij A.

''^OatoHa subrotata, fi-partita, segmentis patnlis; Giuce squamulis fi brevibus
Crliflcfttis plants muticis segmcntis altcmantibus coronata; tubo brevi intus
annulo lato camoso adnato penitua vestito. Filamuota brevisaima, lata, diatiDc-
ta, fauci Gummo cum aquamulis inserta. Antberm basi maigini atigmatia ad-
glutinatie, apice aimplicea cohierentcs cteteroquin distinctee, imbetbes. Mas-
SK pollinis 20, gianulosge, appendiculo corpusculi singuH dilatato soluto np-
plicitte. Stigma muticum. Folliculi divaricatissimi cylindracei, Uevcs. —
Frutex. volubilis. Ramuli pubescentes. Folia opposita, ovalia, abniptc acu-
ininaUi, janiora subpubescentia, adulta gbbra supra nitida subtua parallele
nervosa. Cymaj iuterpetiolares, parvie, toraDDtosEe, foliis breviores. Flores
puT), congesU. Corolla eitus hirauta, intus glabra, aubrotata segmentis lan-
tmn patulis vel potius subcBiopanulata.

64 PERIPLOCEiK. Detalepm.

1. B. nenxmi (W. & A.) — Wight ! cat, n, 1566. — Streptocaulon nervosum^

Wight, mst, — Wall. I Asclep, n, \(fj (innom.). Ad Neelgheny; NoUm ;

Wight,

XXXV. DECALEPIS. W. S^ A.

Corolla subrotata, 6 -partita; fauce squamis 5 oblongo-ovalibus planis mu-
ticis segmcntis alternaDtibus coronata; tube intus ad basin squamis 6 lineari-
bus obtusis segmentis oppositis instructo. Filamenta distincta, fauci summo
cum squamis 6 superioribus inserta iisdemque ad medium cohaerentia. An-
tberse basi margin! stigmatis adglutinatsc^ supcme distinctse^ appendiculo sub-
dilatato terminatie^ imberbes. Massae pollinis granulosse^ solitarise (e quatuor
confluentibus)^ appendiculo dilatato corpusculi singuli soluto applicitae.
Stigma muticum. — Frutex volubilis ?, glabriusculus. Folia opposita, ovalia,
obtuse acuminata. Cymae parvae, longiuscule pedunculatae et foliis breviores,
ramis racemiformibus. Flores parvi. Corolla limbus intus villosus.

After Dt Wight left with me the manuscript description of the only species of this

fenus, I perceived that, in the catalogue Kent alonj; with the AsclepicuiecB from the
linn can Society, it was marked as being obtained trom the Madras, and not from
Hamilton's, herbarium, as Dr W. had supposed, and which circumstance had ob-
viously suggested to him the specific name. It being thus presumed to be a Penin-
sular plant, I was induced to examine the flowers myself, and have in consequence
not only made some slight alterations on the character, but separated it from Strep-
tocaulon, with which my friend seemed inclined for the present to combine it. —
(G. A. W.-A.)

1. D, Hamiltonii (W. & A.) — Wight.! cat, n. 1566. — Streptocaulon Ha-
milton ii^ Wight, mst. — Apoc3aium reticulatum, herh, Madr. ; Wall. ! Asdep,
n, 139.

The locality is unknown.

XXXVI. STREPTOCAULON. W, S; A.

Corolla rotata, 5 partita ; fauce squamis 5 brevibus segmentis altemantibus
aristatis coronata ; aristis flexuoso-erectis, filiformibus^ apice rectis. Fila-
menta distincta^ tubo inserta. Antherae basi margini stigmatis adhaerentes,
8ui>erne liberae, apice simpliccs, imberbes. Massae pollinis granulosse^ soli-
tariac (e quatuor conflatac), appendiculo dilatato soluto corpusculi singnli
applicitae. Stigma muticum. Folliculi cylindracei, divaricatissimi^ laeves.
Semina comosa. — Plantae volubiles rarissimeve decumbentes, saepius pubcs-
centes vel tomentosae rarius glabrae. Folia opposita. Cymae interpetiolares,
saepius patentes et ramosissimae. Flores parvi.

This genus is qiiite intermediate between Periploca, as limited by Mr Brown, and
his Gymiiema. We would have preferred unitmg it to the former, from which it
Bcemii onlv to differ by the beardless anthers, had not Mr Brown and all succeeding
botanists laid considerable stress on that character: the species of Periploca, how-
ever, are natives of the south of Europe, Syria, north of Africa, and Sierra- Leone:
thofe of this new genus, of East India alone. From Gymnanthera thev differ by se-
veral characters, by the stigma, pollen-masses, and shape of the corolla and of its
scales. Whether all or any of Poiret^s Indian species, as might be inferred from hit
eeneric character, belong to this genus, we have no means of determining ; nor do we
know what his F, Maurtliana can be, the synonyms adduced being very different
from each other; thus, Pluk. t. 33G. f. 7. i» Tylophora asthmatica, and Rheed. Mai. 9.
t. 11. is Cryptolepiis Buchanani, Rocm. and Scb., which belongs to the Apocynece,

1. 8. tomentosum (Wight:; ramis pubescentibus, foliis obovato-lanceolatis
acuminatis basi subcordatis supni hispidis subtus tomentosis^ cymis magniB
difTusiS; floribus breviter pedicellatis ad apices ramorum congestis^ calyce pe-
dieellisquc dense pubescentibus, staminum filamcntis brevissimis. — Pcrioplo-

SlBEFTOCAULON.

PERlPLOCEiE.

ca tomeBtoGa, Ifall. AtiJep. n, 12£, 126. Taong-Dong ; Wailieh. Cochin-

cbina ; Finlai/ton.—{R. W.)

2. S. Klanii (W. & A.:) niniis pubesccntibus, foUis subaesailibus cuneato-
obloDgis oboTaciave mucnmatis boei cordatis supra hispiflulis subCua molliter
albido-tomentosts, cymii difiusia folio brevioribuB. calyce pedicellieque deosc
pubeBcentibus.— ff"sA(. ,' cat. n. 1564. — Hfrb. Madr.; Wall. Ascip. n, UJ
(absque iiooi. et hnb.).

Thiawe only know by means of tbe specimens from the Madras liecbarium:
unfortunately the locality b not mentioaed.

3. 8. Wallidtii (Wiglit:) ramis pubeaccntlbus, foliia ellipticis basi apice at-
tenuatis cuspidatis supra molliter pubesccntibus, subtua fulvo^veiutinia, cy*
mis valde diffusis ramosisque folio loiiffi«ribus multitloria ramulis ultimis la-
cemiformibus, pedicellis filiformibua calyceque glabria. — Walt. A^clep. n. IZ4
(innom.). Penang et Singapore ; Wailidi ; Finlayson. — (fl. B'.)

4. S, extensum (Wight:) glabtuni, foliis ovulibus acuwinatiH, cymis paai-
cultaformibttB folio multo longioribus, floribus sparsis pediceUatis, pedicellia

filiformibus glabris. — Periploca estensa, WaU. Aselep, n. 128. Rangooii ct

Tavoy; WaSieh.—{R. w)

6. 8. n/lvettre (Wight;) procumheus Tel subvolubilie, caulibus subvilloeis,
foliis subaessiliboa rotundato-ovatis cuspidatis basi cordatia ulrioque subtus
prtHcipue brevisaime subvelulinisj cynus folio brevioribus paueifloris, pedicel-
liBcalyceque pubescentibua. — Periploca'? aylvestria. Ham. kerb. n. 763; WaU.
Atctfp. n. 140. Sanashygota ; Hamilton.— {R. W.)

6. S. calophyilum (Wight:) glabrum, fbliis anguste lanccolatia longe at-
temiatia transrereini vcnoais maigine aubundulaCo, cjmis subsessiliUus pauci-
floria, SoribuB breviter pedicellatis, folliculis fifracilibuB Bttemiatis (circitet 6
oncias longis).— Periploca? Wall. Aaclep. n. 123. Nepal ; Wallidt.

This plant presents a very different aspect from any of die otlier apociea,
but the structure of the flower appears quite the aame. — (H. W.)

XXXVII. FINLAYBONIA. W<Ut.

Corolla rotata ; fauce tuberculia 5 aristatis segmcntis altemantibus corona-
ta, aristis capillaceis erectis apice uncinatis. Filamenta distincta, fewci intra
tubercula inaerta. AntliectB basi medio stigiuatia adglutinat^, apicalo late-
ovato terminate, imberbes. Masaee pollinia 20, granulosiG, appendiculo dila-
tato corpuaculi singuU gracilis quatcmatim dcmum applicitm. Stigma mag-
num, ovatum, basi o-gonum. FoUiculi ■divaricatiasimi, ventricoso-ovati, api-
ce toadato-unciuati, liBTes. Semina parce carnosa- — Frutex volubilisj car-
IKBUS, lacteaccna, glaber. Folia opposita, petiolata, obovata, obtuaiaaima,
nunc rctusa cuspidula latiuacula acuta. Corymbi majusculi, multiflori, fo-
lio breriorea, frnctiferi valde clongati. Flores parvi. Corolla! extus gla-
btca segroeuta totundato-OTata intus hinc nuda, inde albido-villosa.

Itiarcl; happens that all the pollen-maaseB are found on the corpuscle or ite ap-
pendage, the upper ones of each cell of the anther being oilen found remaining, at
least fur a very Ion); while, !□ their arigiiial aituation.

1. F. lAtyoata (Wall.)— IfaS. .' pi As. rar. 3. p. 48. (. 162. — Gttrua obovata.
Ham. herb. Ji. 757. Ad teatuaria Gangetica ; Wallich; HamiiUm.

XXXvn. CRYPTOSTEGIA. R.Brown.
Calyx S-partitus; lacitiiia clongatis, knccolatis, margine undulatis. Co-
rolla campanulato-infundibuliformis ; tubo intus squamis 5 inclusis anguatia
bipartitia (segraentis subulatis) antheras obtegentibuB iisdemque oppositie in-

66 PERIPLOCE^. Gryptostegia.

structo. Stamina inclusa. Filamenta distincta^ brevissima^ imo tubo inserta.
Antherse incluseo^ basi margin! stigmatis adheerentes. MasssD pollinis solitari»
(^ granulis liberis pennultis coacervatis)^ appendiculo spathulato tandem so-
luto corpusculi singuli utrinque margini imo antherarum proximaram adglu-
tinati demura applicitse. Stigma globoso-conicum, apice obscure biapiculato.
Folliculi divaricatissimi^ acute-triquetri, apice obtuse attenuate incurvo. 8e-
mina comosa. — Frutex volubilis, glaber, lactescens. Folia opposita^ breviter
petiolata^ elliptica^ obtuse aciiminata^ utrinque nitida> subtus minute fiisco-
reticulata. Corymbi trichotomi, terminales. Flores magni^ speciosi^ rubelli.
Corolla eestivatione contorta.

1. C. grandiflora (R. Brown). — Br. in hot. reg, t, 435 ; Wall, I cat n. 1635 ;
Wight ! cat, n. 1660. — Nerium grandiflorum, Roxb.fl, Ind, 2. p, 10 ; in ccet,
mere, Ind, or, mus. tab, 1957.

Roxburgh states that the native country of this plant is the Peninsula of
India^ but he appears to have presumed so only from its having been sent
him from thence by Heyne in 1804. Dr Wight has never seen it except in a
state of cultivation.

NOTE.

We have in the course of these descriptions referred to Vahl's Memoir in the
6th volume of the Transactions of the Natural History Society of Co-
penhagen (Skrivter af Naturhistorie-Selskabet, Kiobenh.), but as that
volume is so extremely scarce as to be in very few botanists' possession^
we shall here extract from it the descriptions of the genera and species
belonging to Asclepiadea, premising, that the page following the specific
appellation is that of the volume alluded to, and the name following the
genus is that to which we are disposed to refer it.

COLLYRIS. (Dischidia, Br.)

Contorta. Cor. globosa : fulcrum erectum bifidum ; laciniis reflexis, cla-
vatis, ad singulum angulum corporis truncati.

1. C. major (p. 110:) foliis orbiculatis. — Pustula arborum, Rumph. Amb, 5.
p, 473. 1. 175./. 3.

Hab. In sylvis aridis et collinis prope Malaccam et Solangohr. Koenig,
Caules scandentes, truncis arborum afiixi mediantibus squamis oppositis,
reniformibus, albidis, latere interiore radicantibus : prseterea VeHcuke plures,
sessiles, ovato-oblongee, bipollicares vel ultra, obtusissimse, extus glabrse, ci-
catricibus magnis notatse, intus parum inflatse, purpureas, fibra longitudinali
ramosissima basi vesiculee inserta, saspe aqua dulci plense. Rami teretes,
flexuosi, radicantes, infeme e tuberculis pluribus nodosi, supeme eequales.
Folia opposita, remotissima, petiolata, vix pollicaria, subrotunda, acuta, in-
terdum parum oblonga, camosa. Flores axillares. Calyjp parvus, quinque-
fidus. Corolla globosa, ore quinquefido : lacinise erectiusculse. Corpus trun«
catum apice convexum, quinquangulare, magis lineare quam in affinibus, an-
gulis fissis, marginibus parum callosis : ad singulum angulum Fulcrum erec-
tum, apice bifidum ; laciniis recurvatis, clavatis, longitudine corpusculi trun-
cati. Hypomochlia parva, uti in afiSnibus inter squamulas. Anthene oblongo-
clavatce, planse, caliosse, fiavae. Stigmata duo in centro corporis truncati,
coquc arete connata et parum longiora. FoUiculi lineari-oblongi, rostrati

Sperlingia. ASCLEPIADE^. 67

glabri^ Ibsyos, latere superiore planiuscuU^ apicibus incurvatis. Semina co-
mosa.

NummularuB, Bumpb. 5. tab. VJ6, genere difienint^ cum tarn ad inflores-
centiam quam quoad figuram eoroUarum potius insequentis generis species
sint^ quamvis eodem nomine insignentur a Rumpbio.

2. C. minor (p. Ill); foliis oblongo-ovatis. — Nummularia lactea minor^
jRumph, Amb. 5. p. 472. 1 176./. 1. — An acinos multis effigie ex cauliculorum
geniculis radicosa^ berba capillaris ex insula Cheusan^ Pluk, amalth, 4. t, 854.
/. 2.

Hab. In India orientali ; Koenig,

Rami filifonnes^ teretes^ glauci, ad folia radicantes^ flexuosi. Folia sessilia>
opposita^ vix unguicularia^ quadruplo minora quam in prsecedente^ integer-
rima^ utrinque acuta> camosa^ enervia^ avenia^ subtus glauca. Flores axil-
lares.

SPERLINGIA. (Hoya, 5r.)

Contorta. Nectarium stellula simplex genitalia tegens. Petala 6, apice
marginibusque inflexis triangularia^ plana^ conduplicata.

1. S. verticUlata (p. 113 :) foliis quatemo-verticillatis.
Hab. In India orientali.

Caulis scandenS; radicans^ lignosus^ teres^ cortice cinereo> glaber^ Isevis.
Folia petiolata^ oblonga^ acuminata^ acuta^ integerrima^ camosa^ crassa^ glabra>
avenia^ enervia, glabra. Petioli fere poUicares, succulenti^ plano-depressi>
lati> basi articulati. Pedunculi laterales^ teretes^ glabri. Flores umbellati^
copiosi: pedicelli pollicares^ filiformes^ compressi^ uniflori. Receptactdum
commune^ primum bemispbeericum^ demum cylindricum^ pedunculo parum
crassius^ e casu pedicellorum conferte cicatricatum. Calyx pentapbyllus ;
foliola oblonga. PetaJa quinque^ apice marline inflexo conduplicata^ trian-
gularia^ margine cxteriore retuso-subbicorma ; explanata oblonga, utrinque
acuta. Corpus truncatum stellula quinque radiata ; radii lanceokti^ longitu-
dine petalorum compllcatorum^ cum petalis altemantes^ media linea elevata^
ad cujus latera fovcola longitudinalis^ flavescentes^ nitidi. Stamina non vidi.
Crermina duo sub centro corpusculi. FoUiculus sex-octopollicaris> glaber^
Iffivis. Semina comosa.

2. S. opposita (p. 114); foliis oppositis. — Nummularia lactea major^ Rumph.
Amb. 5. p. 470. «. 175./. 1.

Hab. In India orientali : ex berbario bibliotbecse Christianiensis.
Similis in omnibus prsDcedenti^ diversa : foliis oppositis ; petiolis angustiori-
bus> subtus convexis^ supra canaliculatis.

E 2

No. III.

CYPERACE^ INDICiE,

PR^CIPUE JUXTA HERBARIA WIGHTII, WALLICHII, ROYLEI
ET LINDLEYI, AB PROF. CH. G. NEES AB ESENBECK

DESCRIPTJE.

ORDO GENERUM.

Trib. I. CYPERE^.

Hermaphrodites. Spiculss distiche imbricates^ uni-multiflorss^ plerumque
nudas^ rarius in spicam undique imbricatam coUectes sub singida squama sin-
guke. Perigynium nullum^ aut (in speciebus exoticis) setaceimi^ aut cyathi-
forme^ squamulss interiores rhachillas adnates aut nullas. Caryopsis stylo dis-
creto non rostrata^ mutica> in paucis acumine rostriformi prsedita.

A. SpiculcB libera^ pluriflora : perigynium nudum,

1. Ctperus {^lAnn,^ — Rhachilla squamulis interioribus adnatis persistenti-
busque marginata. Stylus bi-trifidus. Squamse spiculse inferiores cum reli-
quis deciduee. Stamina decidua.

2. Papyrus {^Link,^ — Squamulse interiores apice aut totes liberes. Stylus
trifidus.

3. Marisgus ( FoA/.) — Spicules pauciflores. Rhachilla squamulis interiori-
bus adnatis persistentibusque alata. Stylus trifidus. Spiculaasquamis dua-
bus infimis decidua,

B. SpicukB libera, subuniJhriB.

4. Kyllinoia {Linn,) — Stylus elongatus bifidus. Caryopsis compressa.

5. CouRTOisiA (iV. ah E.) — Stylus ad basin fere tripartitus. Caryopsis tri-
gona^ libera.

6. Remirea {Aubl,) — Stylus trifidus. Caryopsis trigona^ squamula interio-
re tunicata.

Trib. II. HYPOLYTRE^.

Hermaphrodites. Squames spicules composites undique imbricates. Spi^
eula partialis aut disticha pluriflora> aut uniflora ; squamulis tum flosculum

70 CYPERACEiE. SciaPBiB.

unum in plurimis hermaphroditum^ in nonnullis declinem Talvatim aut ciiculo
ambientibus^ baud setiformibus aut cyatboideis.

A. Spicula particUis e squamis plurtbua constructa, pluriflora.

7. Anosporum (iVT. ab E,) — Spicule in spicas compositas undique imbrica-
tas collectflB. Perigynium utriculare^ stipitem caryopseos construens, supeme
evanescens. Stylus simplex.

B. Spicukt uniflora, e squamis paucis quUmsdam tematim aUerrUs

constructa.

8. Hemicarpha {N. ab E,) — Periantbium proprium univalve^ squamse com-
muni oppositum.

9. LiPocARPHA {R. Br,) — ^Periantbium proprium bivalve, squamae communi
subparallelum.

10. Hypolytrum {Rich,) — Periantbium proprium bivalve (rarius disticbo-
quadrivalve valvulis inferioribus sterilibus), squamse communi contiarium.
Stamina 2S,

11. FuiRENA {RottL) — Periantbium trisepalum aut bexasepalum, et tum
vero sepalis altemis setiformibus. Stamina tria.

Trib. III. SCIRPE^.

Hermapbroditee. Spiculee imdique imbricatsB. Squamulse perigynii aut
nullsD, aut angustsB, setiformes aut filiformes, flosculum cingentes, aut breve
cyatbiforme membranaceum.

A. Squama bi-trifaruB.
a. Perigynittm nullum,

12. DicHosTYLis (P. de B, ex parte). — Spicules subtri£ariam imbricatsB,
molles, pauciflorse. Stylus bifidus, basi subbulbosa persistente.

13. Abildoaardia ( VaM,) — Spiculse torsione rbacbilke trifariae. Stylus tri-
fidus, basi bulbosus, deciduus.

b. Perigynium,

14. Chatoctperus (iVT. ab E,) — Spicula solitaria, disticba. Perigynii setee
sex, cartilaginesB, retrorsum bispidee. Stylus trifidus, basi bulbosa ovario ar-
ticulo inserta persistente.

B. SquanuB plurifariiB,

a. Perigymum nuUum,

15. EcHiNOLTTRUM (Dcsv,) — Stylus bifidus, basi bulboBus deciduus. Car-
zyopsis grosse ecbinata.

16. FiMBRisTTLis (VoM,) — Stylus bifidus, compressus, basi bulbosus, deci-
duus. Caryopsis compressa, non ecbinata.

17. Trichelostylis {Lestib,) — Stylus trifidus, basi bulbosus, deciduus. Ca-
ryopsis trigona. (SquamsB 4-8-farise, carinatee).

18. IsoLEPis (U. Br,) — Stylus trifidus, basi subsequalis, deciduus. Cary-
opsis trigona aut plano-conexa.

19. Elbooiton {Link,) — Stylus bifidus, basi cum fnictu continuus, post
easom mncronulum relinquens. Caryopsis compressa, pedicellata. Spicula
solitam, teiminalis.

RHYNCHOSPORE.E. CYPERACE^. 71

b. Pengynium JUiforme^ setaceum^ capillar e.

20. MALACocHiETK (AT. ab ^.— Pterolepis, Schrad,) — Perigynii setee lineares,
membranacese^ pubescentes aut ciliatse. (Nomen Pterolepis in partem tan-
tum specienim quadrat).

21. Htmenochatb (P. rfe B,) — Perigynii setee filiformes^ molles^ pubescen-
tes^ deciduse. Stylus trifidus.

22. Eriophorum (Zrtww.) — ^Perigynii set® plurimse^ capillares^ longissimse^
basi in fasciculos collecteB^ comam constmentes. Stylus trifidus.

23. SoiRPUs (P. de B.) — Perigynii set© rigidse^ persistentes. Stylus bi-
trifidus^ sequalis^ deciduus. Caryopsis biconvexa^ papillata.

24. Eleoobnus (iVT. ab E,) — Perigjniii set89 rigidee^ persistentes (in una
specie nullse). Stylus bifidus,. bul^ baseos calloso in fructu persistente.
Caryopsis biconvexa, Isevissima^ atra. (Spicula solitaria^ terminalis).

25. Eleocharis {R. Br,) — Perigynii setae rigidse, persistentes. Stylus bi-
fidus atit trifidus^ bulbo baseos suberoso rugoso in fructu persistente. Cary-
opsis obovata biconvexa. (Spicula solitaria terminalis).

26. LiMNOCHLOA (P. de B.) — Perigynii setse rigidse, persistentes. Stylus
trifidus^ bulbo baseos cartilagineo compresso coloratoque in fructu persistente.
(Spicula solitaria^ terminalis^ squamis pulchre spiralibus rigidulis).

Trie. IV. RHYNCHOSPOREiE.

Hermaphroditsd aut sexu in eadem spicula discreto. Spicules distichse^
subuniflorse^ rarissime plurifloree^ squamis inferioribus minoribus sterilibus.
Perigynium raro nullum, plerumque setosum persistens aut cupulare. Cary-
opsis rostrata, regulariter sculpta ; rostrum in plerisque discretum.

A. Stylus bi-trifidus.

27. Rhynchospora ( Fahl,) — Spicuke polygamse. Stylus bifidus. Perigy-
nium setosum, setis rigidis denticulatis. Caryopsis styii basi persistente dis-
cretaque late rostrata.

B. Stylus simplex,

28. MoRisiA {N.ab E,) — Spiculse monoecse. Stylus simplex. Perigynium
nullum. Caryopsis rostro brevissimo tuberculiformi aut compresso, a basi
styli residuo, coronata.

29. Haplostylis {N. et M,) — Spiculse monoecse. Stylus simplex. Peri-
^nium setosum. Caryopsis acutata aut in rostri formam attenuata, seepe
marginata (subgenus Pterorhynchium),

30. Cephalosch(enus {N, ab E,) — Spiculse hermaphroditee. Stylus sim-'
plex. Perigynium setosum, setis antrorsum denticulatis aut hirsutis. Cary-
opsis styli basi persistente discretaque rostrata.

Trib. V. SCLERIEiE.

Diclines. Spiculse foeminese uniflorse. Caryopsis nucamentacea, nuda, aut
perigynio pateriformi lobato cincta.

31. ScLERiA {Berg,) — Nux perigynio lobato aut repando cincta.

32. Cylindropus {N. ab E.) — Nux perigynio arcto cylindrico truncatobasi
constricto.

33. Hypoporum (A', ab E,) — Perigjoiium nullum. Nux nuda, basitrigona,
lateribus porosis punctatis aut sulcatis.

72 CYPERACEJS. Elwem.

34. DiPLACRUM (J?. Br.) — PerigjTiium proprium nullum aut disciforme,
Nux globosa^ squamis binis superioribus perpistentibus inclusa.

Tbib. VL ELYNE^.

Diclines. Spiculse compositeB^ squamis undique imbricatis^ (losculum unum
unisexualem aut duos diclines plerumque valvatos tegentibus. Perigynium
proprium nullum. Caiyopsis plerumque rostrata. Stylus trifidus in specie-
bus cognitis.

35. CoBRKSiA {Willd,) — SpiculflB aggregatee diclines. Squamute proprise
flosculi foeminei binse^ nuusculi nullse.

36. Trilepis {N. ab E.) — Spiculae aggregatee^ diclines. Squamulse propria
flosculi foeminei et mascuU singulee aut binae.

Trib. VII. CARICE^.
Diclines. Spiculae undique imbricates. Caryopsis tota perigynio inclusa,

37. Carex {Linn,) — Caryopsis intra perigynium proprium absque seta.

38. Uncinia {Pers,) — Seta hypogyna intra perigynium proprium^ ssepe
hamata.

Trib. I. CYPEREL®.

I. CYPERUS. Linn,

§ 1. Stylo bifidOy caryopsi campressa, — Pycreus.

1. C. pygnuBUs (Vahl:) spiculis in capitulum globosum decompositum
bracteolis fla!sciculorum interstinctum dense confertis ovatis compressis 10-14-
floris^ squamis cymbiformibus acutis membranaceis pallidis dorso 3-5-nervi-
bus> stylo bifido^ coryopsi oblonga utrinque acuta convexo-plana subtiliter
punctulato-striata^ involucri tri-tetraphylli foliolis patentibus reflexisve capi-
tulo lon^oribus foliisque lineari-acuminatis margme apicem versus scabris^
culmo tnquetro humili^ radice annua. — Fahl, en, 2. p, 313; R, et Sdi. s, v. 2.
p. 174. w, 45 ; Rottb, gram, n, 20. t, 14. /. 4, 5?y Wight, cat, n. 1807 ; herb.
Royle, n, 100.--[C. diffusus, Boxb, (nee Fahl.)fl, Ind, 1. p. 188 ; {ed. Wall.)

1. p. 193; in cat. mere. Ind. or. mus. tab, 708. — C, mulen-pulu^ Schult, mant.

2. p, 99. — ^Arn.] — C. squarrosus, Roxb.fl, Ind, 1. p. 190; (ed. Wall,) 1. p. 194.
-^WaU. cat. n 3325.— LRAeerf. Mai. 12. t. 54.— Arn.] — -In Peninsula, Ava;
WaUich.

Omnia congruunt apud Rottboellium, at stylus plerumque est bifidus ; va-
riat autem (in exemplis Avanis, Wall. n. 3495) et stylo trindo, licet rarissima.
Statura omnino Dichostylis MiehdiaruB, sed spicularum structura longe di-
▼ersissima.

2. C. mucronatus (Linn. :) spiculis aggregatis rariusve solitariis sessilibus
ad speciem lateralibus ovato-limceolatis compressiusculis 15-20-floris, squa-
mis ovatis obtusiusculis arctissime imbricatis albis, stylo bifido, coryopsi obo-
vata plano-convexa, involucri subdipbylli foliolo altero erecto culmum conti-
nuante, altero infero umbellam subeequante, culmo teretiusculo adscendente
infra spiculas trigono basi monophyllo, folio lineari piano culmo breviori, ra-
dice repente geniculata. — lAnn.; Roivb.? fl. Ind. 1. p. 185; {ed. Wall.) 1.

P' 190; Retz. obe. 5. p. 10. n. 8; lAnk. h. Ber. 1. p. 302. n. 51. — Cypems,

Cypekib. CYPERE^.

Wall. cat. n. 3311.- — ^Locis humidia naturi^noais, id variia Pcninsulie In-
(liso orientalis regionibus, ^gyptus ; Si^er; Radii.

Capitulo spicularum albarnm ad specicm lateral!, habiCuque ei eopmfici)
cente junceo, inter omncs hujus generis sine opera diatineuitui. A C. lalera-
li diSert folio ad radiccm cutmt eat longo piano, culmo debiliore adscenden-
(e nee stricto, involucro Buperiori incurvo,

I^NDllam aub hoc nomine speciem descripsit Linnceus. — Nescio an 1
species nova sit C. mttcroaatji*, Roxb., cujus dcEcriptioni sequeQtia
picta n. 704 (sub C. acumiuato) deaumpta addentnr: — Herba late r^ens vel
potius stolonifera nt in C. arenario. Stolonum geniculi squama oblongo-lan-
ceolata bmnnca instnicti: culmi distantes, odscendcntcs ycrsns basin sooa'
ms (ul in stolonibns) munitij \ix ad medium vagina fbliifcra inclusi. Fo-
lium circiter 2^ uneias longum. Squums spiculanim late ovalia, valde con-
cava, acntinscula. Carjopsia Babrotunda, plano-conYexa.~In C. pteuraiUho,
radjx fere ctespito^a, culmique valde appraxiniati, ut in C. janciformi, Desf.,
C. dUladii/o, \\ illd., C. Fannonieo, Liaii., quibusdamque aliis, nunc una cum
C. mueronato tam Ketzii lam Valilii in unicam speciem ab omnibus fere bo-
t«iiicis conjuDCtis, attamen secundum diagnoain ope cxenplorum ex Mgm-
to provententium supca datam a cl. Neesio Teroaimilittf distinguendia. For-
mam C. mucroJiali typicam egomet ignoro. — Arh.]

3. C, pltaraitthui (N. ab E. :) spiculis aggregatis ad specicm lateralibus
lanceolatis compresso-teretibua multiflotis, squamis oratis obtusis arcdasime
imbricatis atbidis griseove variis, stj'lo bifido, caiyopsi subrotunda plano-
convexB, involucri subdiphylli foUolo a.lteTO stricto culmum coutinuantCj al-
tera infero spiculas lequante, cnlmo teietinsculo apice trigono stricto baai va-
sinato, vagina microphylla, tadice repeute genicnlata. — C. lateralis, Soxb. fi.
Ind. 1. p. 186 ,- (fflf. Wall.) 1. p. 190; in emt. m. I. o. mui. tab. 2014 (fide
Am.") ; Seh. mant. 2. p. 96. [Hue, nee ad C. mucronatum, refero WaB. cat.

n. 3311. — Abn.] Coromandel ; SoxJ/urgh. Insula Mown; Macrae.

Differt a C. ntacronato ; culmo ntagis tered, vagina: bascos foliolo minuto
Slifbnni, caiyopsi ex ovato subrotunda [magis compreasa, acuta, cinerasccnte
sabtilissimc elcvnto-punctulata. C. lateralin, Forak., in Mgjpta nascens,
etylo trifido differena, nescio an speciem propriam exbibeut, quin forsan cum
laterali Roxb. et mucronato in unam speciem debet conjungi. Discrimen nos
inter atque ilium sic cxplico : — ■

lyopai convexo-plana, stylo trifido, involucro diphyllo, altero culmum conti-
jmante, altero brevi vix spiculaa excedente. — C. mucronatua Ji albidus, Vahl,
— C. mucronatus, Roltb. gr. t. 8. /. 4. — C. leueostacbyB, Link, ex herb. Willd. ;
Zitdcj'ahrb. 2. p. 82.- In .Sgypto ; Saddi in herb. Endiiclier.

C. pleuranlkus seu lateralis, Roxb. : " stigmate bifido," ab hoc longe distal.

* C, raacrorrbistis (N. ab E.;) culmo semitereti compresao bine sulcato, \a-
ginia longe foliiferis membranaceis, spiculis aggregatis sessilibus oblongis con-
vexis, stjilo trifido, aquamis ovatis mucronatis carinatis albis baai purpureo-
Stdatis, involucio dipbyllo capitulum superante, altero culnium conlinuante

Eimlongo foliisque culmo longmribus complicato-canaliculatis margine serm-
to-Bcabris, Gbris ladicalibus tomeatosis crassis. — Schmnua uiacrorhiins.

Rich, in herb. Kiintb. In Jigypto.

DiSert a C. pleura/itho nostro et laterali culmo crasso semitereti, foliis cul-

4. C.angulatui(li.abE.:) spiculis approximato-spicatis, spicis singulis ge-
miniave, quandoqae et singulis, spiculis ad speciem lateralibus oblongo-Ian-
ceolatis compteesis 10-12-floHs, squamis ovatis argute carinatis acntiusculis
oerrinis chtiitacei«, lateribns enervibus, carina tiinervi pallidiori, stylo bifido.

74 CYPEREiE. Cyperus.

caryopsi obovata mucronata piano-con vexa punctula to -striata^ involucro uni-
versal! monophyllo erecto culmum continuante foliisque complicato-filiformi-
bus margine scaberrimis^ culmo filifonni rigido irre&ulariter quadrangulari

basi folioso. — Cyperus, Wall, cat, n, 8324. a, b, In Nepalia et Ava ; WalHeh.

Ex affinitate quidem est C, mucronati et lateralis, sed spicularum indole et
situ longe distat.

5. C. stramineus (N. ab E.:) spiculis spicatis imbricatis in spicam sim^licem

gemina^ve oli^ostacnyas dispositis lanceolatis utrinque convexulis totis pal-
de flavescentibus multifloris^ squamis ovatis mucronato-acutis leevibus dorso
tricarinatis^ stylo bifido^ caryopsi lenticulari marginata rugulosa^ involucri
2-3-phylli foliolis umbella longioribus foliisque lineari-filifonnibus apice sca-
bris^ culmis incurvis geminis^ altero triquetro^ altero compresso bine canali-
culato. — Cyperus, Wail, cat, n. 8320. In Silhet ; Wallich,

6. C. pumilus (Linn. :) umbellse compositss radiis strictis^ spiculis in spicas
ovatas confertis reflexo-patentibus oblongis compressiusculis 8-18-floris,
squamis ovatis latere pallidis nervosis carina viridibus mucronatis mucronc
patulo^ stylo bifido^ caryopsi obovata compressa retusa punctulata^ involucri
d-Zl^pbyni foliolis 2-3 umbella longioribus latiusculis planis caulinisque cul-
mum sequantibus aut superantibus laevibus^ culmo basi folioso triquetro Isevi,
ladice fibrosa. — lArm. amoen, acad. 4. p, 302 ; sp, pi, ed, 2. p, 69 (excl. syn.
Pluken.y ; R, et Sch. s, v, 2. p, 188. n. 92 (excl. omnibus synon. prseter lArir-
neanum) ; Wight, cat. n, 1808. — C. membranaceus^ Vahl, en, 2. p. 330 ; R. et

Sch, I. c, — Cyperus, Wall, cat, n. 3336. c ? (ex Amott), Peninsula Indise

orientalis ; Wight.

Verba Linnsei rem acu tangunt : similis Cypero compresso, sed brevior ; dis-
tinctus : glumis minus imbricatis et apice mucronatis ; spicule vix altemae^
fere digitatse. — Spiculse 8-10 in summitate radiorum ita spicatim approxima-
iBd, ut fere capitulum constituant^ 3-4 lineas longse^ 1^ lineas latsB^ 7-10 ilorsD ;
inferiores reflexsB^ seepe geminatsB. Squamee imbricat^^ mucrone viridi patulo,
lateribus late albo-membranaceis nervis temis incurvis prominulis ; carina vlri-
dis^ nervuloso-striata ; mucro validus^ viridis, obtusiusculus. Stamina duo.
Caryopsis pallide brunnea^ compressa^ retusa^ punctulato-striata. Radii prse-
ter umbellulam sessilem 4t-6, quorum longior 2-pollicaris. Involucri folium
longius 6 poll, longum^ duas lineas latum^ incurvum. Folium radicalc in
nostro unum^ culmum sequans^ paulo angustius ; omnia folia ls9via plana^ aut
complicato-carinata. Culmus in nostro baud strictus^ basi incurvus, vix
pedalis.

[Huic etiam folia tam radicalia quam involucri planiuscula et ad speciem
Aaccida^ et subpatula : radii umbellse porro sunt patuli. C. strictus autcm
Boxb. (fl. Ind. 1. p. 200 ; (ed. Wall.) 1. p. 203, vel C. rigidus, Roxb. in coet.
mere. angl. Ind. or. mus. tab. pict. 721) differre videtur culmis foliis angustis
fadicalibus et involucralibus atque umbellse radiis, rig^de ac strictim erectis :
discrimen tamen aliud vix uUum indicare possum. C. pumilo, Linn., valde
affinis est C. pumilus, Roxb. (C flavescens, Roxb. in coet. mere. I. O. mus»
tab. 717), nee forsan difiert. — Arn.]

7. C. pulvinatus (N. et M. :) spiculis globoso-capitatis lanceolatis comprcs-
sls multifloris pallidis, capitulis solitariis aut aggregatis, squamis late ovatis
ex apice obtuso patulo brevimucronatis dorso quinquinervibus, rachilla com-
pressa fovcolis bifariam insculpta, stylo bifido, caryopsi obovata truncata com-
pressa utrinque convexula punctulis exasperata, involucri triphylli foliolis
binis umbellam superantibus foliisque linearibus angustis culmo longioribus
Isevibus, culmo humili triquetro. — (i ; culmis humillimis, pulvinatis. — N. et M,
in Mey. it. ined. ; Wight, cat.n. 1809. — Cyperus, Wall. cat. n. 3312. — C. punc-
tatus, Roxb,fl. Ind, 1. p. 193; {ed Wall!) 1. p. 197 (ex Wall, cat. L. n. 3312,
et Am, In litt. tab. pictam Roxb. in ccet. mere. Ind. or. mus. n. 712 citante).
— ^Peninsula Ind. or. ; Roxhufgh ; Wight.

Cypbrus. CYPBREiE. 76

A C. nitente, Retzii^ differt spiculis neutiquam nitentibus, nee medio fuseis,
stylo bifido, nee trifido. A C, pumih, qui etiam stylo est bifido, differt sqiia-
nus pallidis^ nee eoloratis, ut habet GhBrtnenis (nam Ldnneeus tacet colorem),
neque icon Pluk. 1. 191. f. 8. repugnat nostro. C purietatus, Roxb.^ guadet
firactibiis albo-pnnctatis^ similisque esse dicitur iconi Pluk. 1. 192^ f. 3^ quee
icon habitu longe distat a nostro.

[Hac tamen certe pertinet C. punctctttis quamvis per errorem in tabula pic-
te supra citata^ stamina 3 delineantur. Quoad Plukenetii iconem^ tab. 192
per errorem citata est pro tab. 191, et pro fi^ra 8 supra a Neesio hue referta,
in exemplo meo, forsan etiam in Roxburghiano, 3 excudebatur: Roxbuighius
itaque revere citat Pluk. 1. 191. f. 8 ; dum t. 192. f. 3 ad C difformem, et
recte ut mihi videtur, refertur. — Arn.]

8. C. (P.) squarrosus (Rottb. :) spiculis spicato-capitatis linearibiis angus-
tis patenti-confertis 10-14-floris, capitulis Lemisphajricis in umbellam trira-
diatam dispositis, squamis ovato-lanceolatis patulo-acuminatis dorso trinervi-
bus yiridibus margine membranaceo-albis demum fuscis stamine uno, stylo
Infido, caryopsi lanceolata subtrigona utrinque acuta punctato-aspera, invo-
Incri 3-5-phylli foliolis plerisque umbella longioribus foliisque culmum trique-
trum humilem superantibus Imearibus angustis laevibus. — Rottb. gram, p. 26.
n. 29. t. 6./. 3 ; FahL en. 2. p, 331 ; Roem, et Sch. s. v. 2. p, 189; Wight, cat.
n. 1810. — C. Maderaspatanus, WiOd. sp. pi. 1. p. 278 (excl. syn, Pluk.). —
Wall. cat. n. 3312. d. Peninsula Ind. or.

[9. C. tortuosus (Roxb. :) umbella composita, spiculis linearibus incur\'atis
20-40 floris, squamis ovalibus mucronuUtis castaneis, staminibus 2, stylo bi-
fido^ caryopsi obovata lenticulari compressa Isevi, involucri triphylli umbel-
lam superantis foliolis patulis, foliis subradicalibus culmo obtuse trigono erec-
to leevi brevioribus patulis carinatis culmi basin spiraliter vaginantibus. —
Roxb. fi. Ind. 1. p. 197 ; {ed Watt.) 1. p. 201 ; in cwt. mere. Ind. or, mas. tab.
718 ; Wall. cat. n. 3339. In pascuis udis Circarensibus ; Roxburgh,

Habitu onmino refert C. hexastachyi varietatem « ; at carvopsi compressa,
stylo bifido, et staminibus binis differt : hsec tamen discrimma a Roxburghio
indigitata erant non ex autopsia sed, ut in aliis quibusdam, ex tabula a picto-
re forsan quoad haec baud satis accurate delineata. — Arn.]

10. C. (P.) sanguinolmtus (Vahl :) umbella composita in capituli formam
contaracta, spiculis ovato-oblongis 10-12 floris, squamis late ovatis obtusiuscu-
lis apice contractis dorso membranaceo pallidis rubro-irroratis trinervibus lim-
bo fusco-sanguineis, stylo bifido, caryopsi lenticulari compressa, involucri 2-
4-phylli patentis foUolis duobus foliisque culmum subeequantibus aut brevio-
ribus linearibus planis, culmo humili trigono. — Vahl. en, 2. p. 361 ; Roem. et
Sch. 8. V. 2. p. 208. n, 162. — C. pumilus, Gcertn. fr, et sem. I. p. 9. t. 2./. 2
(excl. syn.) — /3, major; umbella magis explioata, radiis 1-4 capituligeris. — C.
<sraentus, Roxb,fl. Ind, 1. p, 196; (ed. Watt,) \, p. 200 (excl. synon. Rottb.
ct WiUd.) ; Retx. obs. 6. p. 13. — C. pumilus, Rottb. gram, p, 29. t. 9./, 4 (excL
syn. Linn.). — C. ater, Fahl. en. 2. p. 336 ; Roem. et Sch. syst. veg. 2. p, 190.
-— CJ. eragrostis Vahl. eyi, 2. p, 322 ; Roem, et Sch, s. v. 2. p. 180. — Cyperus,

WaU. c€tt. n, 3319. — Pluk, aim, t. 191. /. 8 ? In Himalaya var. « legit

Royle. — ^. In Nathpur ; Hamilton, In Benghala ; Wallich. In Connahor ;
W^.

C. cmentuSy Rottb., in Arabia nascens, major est styloque gaudet trifido et
eaiyopsi trigona.

11. C. (P.) polystachyus {^Wo,i) umbellse radiis subcorymbosis plerisque
abbreviatis confertis involucro tri-pentaphyllo basi serrulato-scabro breviori-
bus, spiculis lineari-lanceolatis multifloris stramineis, valvis ovalibus obtusis
cum mucronulo exiguo lajvibus nervo costali viridi bisulco^ caryopsi ovali
compressa retusa minute punctulata cinerea, foliis linearibus carinatis culmo
trigono brevioribus kevibus, stylo bifido, staminibus duobus. — R, Br, prod, ft,
Holl.; Link, ft. Ber. 1. p, 310 ; Roxb. ft, Ind. 1. p. 193 ; {ed WaU.) 1. p. 197 ;

K CYPERE^.

B. el Seh. ». If. manl. 2. p. 102 ; N. ai/ E. ia Linn. 1. p. 615 ; Wight, cat. n.
1811.— C. cotymboHUB Ro^b. in act. mere. I. o. mut. tab. 711 (flde Am.') —
Cjpems, WaU. eat. n. 3340. b (cz parte, pars altcm ad var. y SfMClat.). — ■
H ; tencrior, rndlis onioibus lon^uaculis ^1 polliccra iaugie ^acilibua, s|ii- ■
culia paiilo ui^ustiotibua laCeribus bmncscenti maculo notatis. — y; speciHJ

Us omnibuE in capiculum subgiobosum congescis. — Wight, cat. n. 1811, b. i^W

n; In caplte BoDte Spel, Insula St. Mauntii, Nova Hollandia, Oahu, ChiniL I
Penios. Ind. or. — (!; la China.— j-; Ad Rio de Janeiro, ct in Pen. Ind. or. ■>■

C.poly/t-, Rottb.jBtylo Irifido describitur atque pingitur; an errore? Ct
to ctenim reliqua omnia et descriptionis et icooia miriBce congruunt cum e.
cmpliB, quiB compararlmus.

12. C. eapiilaris (Koen.:) spiculis spicatim capjutis divaricatis lioeaii-L
ceolatis multifloTis, umbella 1-3-radiata, squumis ovatis obtusis dono trii
liDuktis lateribus l^evigatis chartnce-is paDidc brunDcis, rbacbilla comptei
lateribus undntim (»Lrinatis raarginibus foveatis, stylo ad medium fere bifi(__,
carropsi obovata compresso-biconveia Isevi, iovolucro aubttiphyllo patolo,
foliis binis umbella loDgioribus, foliis subradicalibus gemiuis angUEte lineui-
buE couvoluCo-Hubulatis kevibus altera brevisBimo, altero culmum compresso-
trigonum striatum tequaote. — Koeaig. ap. So^.Jl. Ind. l.p. 194; [ed WaU.)
l.p.l&a; Sch. Manl. 2. p. 103 ; Boyle, tterb. ej/p.n.G.ttT ; Wight eat. ff.
1812.— C. capiilaeeus, BojA. in cat. mere. I. o. mug. lab. 713 (ex Am.y~Cf-
iwrus, Walt. eat. n. 3318.^ — — Kamann, Mysore, Himalaya.

Accedit iste Cyperwt ad C.fiaveicenlent et poli/itachywrn, differt autem ob
isto spiculis latioribus, ad illo spiculis angUBtioribus, ab utroque culmo haad
evidenter trigono basin Tcreus compreBBo et involucro rigiilulo. Piffert s
C Linneano et laiieeolato Foir., herb. Lindl ; spiculis latioiibuB et raohillo)
Bculptura.

IS. C. (P.) intindatiu (Boxb. :) spiculis racemosia altemis brevipedicellft'
tis patentibus multifloris, loseo vel luteo alboque variis, raccmis in uuibel-
lam compositam dispositis, umbellulle late pyramidalibus nudis, squaniis late
ovutia obtusis imbricatis teuuibua dorso nerrja tribus viridibus piseditis, lft~
tere roacis aut luteis, margine albo membrouaceo uudulato, raehilla albo-
membranacea, stylo hifido, caiyopri obovata rctusa comprcsaa punctis miua-
tis aspenila, involucri 4-S-pliyl1i foliolis exterioribuG umbella lougioribuB fo~
Itisque ^radicalibuB culmum superautibua carinatis Icevibus, cidmo triquetto
angidis hcvibuj obtusiusculis.— Aoirfr.^. Ind. 1. p. 201 ; {ed Walt.) 1. p. 20S;
in ael. mere. Ind. or. mtts. tab. 1100 (ex Am.); Wight cat. n. 1813.— C.
Eacha, Ham.~C. procerus, Roxb.fi. Ind. 1. p. 203; {erf (Tatf.) l.ji. 206
(ubi loco " involueres none," legendum " involucels none"). — Cyperos,

WaU. eat. n. 3336 ; itart. in cat. mere. I. o. mut. tab. 725 (fide Am.) la

Peninsula Ind. or. et Bengfaolia.

14. C. (P.) alopee»roide» (Hottb. :) umbella decompoaita pluriradiata ndiis
oompressis strictis apice ^iciculutim-umbellatia e spicia pluribus patulia re-
currisve cylindricis a, ba^i dense imbricatis, spicubs ovato-oblongis 10-14-
floris compressis ; squamis ovatis muetonulato-ueutatis dorso Tiridi nervosu
marnne flavia incucvis^ue, stylo bifido, caTyo[>9i ovata con vexo-con cava heiil
inTolucellis c basi vagmante herbacea Unearibua umhcllula brevioribus, in-
volucri 6--7-phyi1i fouoUa 3-4 late linearibua umbella lonmoribus folusqns
maiginc scabris, culmo trigono. — Rolib. gram. p. 38. (. 8./. 2; VM. en. 2.p^
368 ; R.el Sch. », v. 2. p. 220 (cxcl. omnibus synonymia) ; N. ab E. in Cj " *
Royl.n. 11. In Himalaya ; ilosto.

§ 2. Cargopig Irigona. stylo H-trifidove. Spicvits valde compreitie, i
aculia acute carinatia dorso herbaeeostriatia. — Compressi, Lindl.
17. C. eompresmu (Linn. :) iimbellie composite simplicisre radiis gracili-
buE patulo-eroctis spiculii capitato- aut digitato-spicatis in disco umbel'

aggiegatia lanceolatis ancipitibus multifloris viridulis pallidis, squamia oralis
carinatia acuminatis imbricalis purpura tineolaCia latereve latoo-notatis dateo
tenuinervibuSj stylo triJido, caryopsi obovata trigona pallide fiisco-cineraacente
bafii truncata area detrita, iovolucri 3— 4r-pliylU folus pierUque mnbella lon-
gjoribuG foliiaque linearibua attcnuatis apicem versus senulBto-scBbris, culmo
tzigQiio.—Linn. tp. pi. p. 68; Willd.iip.pl. l,p,282.«.49; roAJ.en. 2.p.324 -
R. et S(A. *. «. 2. p. 182 ; mant. 2. p. J-06 ; Sottb. gram. p. 27. I. S. /.3
lbu*.^.Ind.\.p.im: [ed. ffafl.) 1- P- ISS {aclByn. Pluk.) ; H. el K. not
gm,et fp.pl. 1. p. 167 i Liiik. en.l. p.4£; H. Ber.l. p.^)& ; Wight.eat.n
1814— C, viridiB, Roarb. in cat. mere. lad. or. mas. tab. 714 (fide Am.)—C.
coDglomeratus, Wilid. en. guppl. p. 6. l^aec tp. pi.) — C^eniS] Wall. cat. n.

3308.— A'fonne Jam. 1. (, 76./. 1 ; Pluk. t. 417./. 2. India utraque. P&-

ninsiila IndiEB orientalis, bdIo humldo.

C. brachiahit, Poir,, ct perd'nafiM, Roxb.j ut subspecies Iniic et noatro aub-
jungendte sunt. Diffett autem : C. bracAialas radiis umbellne fortiorihua ad
honKontein patcntibus, spiculis latioribus, coiyopsi bicviori latiori atra uec
eineiea; C. peclinalus culmo humiliore squamiEquc longius acuEainatU, spi-
Calii capitatis.

18. C. peethafarmiii (R. ct Bcli. :) spiaulis ag^galis capitatis dirergenti-
btis compKSsis 2JS-8ti-fioris pallidis, si^uamis ovatis patulo-acuminatis cari-
Batis, stylo tciSdo, ca^opsi oborata tngfoua ciuerea ttevi, involucro triplij'llo
spiculaa Euperante foliisque culnium trigonum humilem mbtequantibus lmea~
nbvs aagustis, radicc fibrosa. — R. et Si:h. mant. 2. p. 128 (loco alieno). — C.
pecdoatusj Roab.JI. Ind. 1, p. 190; (ed. Wall.) l.p. 195.— C. Coromandcli-
auB, Spr. n. V. 1. p. 217- — C. Mcycnii, Wight et Ant. — IS, svbacanlui ; oulma

brerissmio, apicuUs longissimis. — Cjperus Meynii, Wight, cat. w. IBIS.

In CoTomandel; Boxb. In Manila insula ; Jlfe^en. In China; Vachell. — j3;
In Peoinsula lud. or. ; Wight.

Quod ad spiculaa, hma species est es affinltatc C. mmpresH (cuius probn-
bilitn eat varictaa), brachiati, &c. In vnr. S culnius vix lemipollicans spi-
cuIhs profert 4-6, ultra duM polUces lonwa, curvulas, 70-80-floras. Holiqua
amnia cougruunt cum forma communi. Macula flava squamarum distincta.

[IJiagnosis supra data vis ac ne vis ad plantam RoxburghjaDam seu C.
peetinifonnem speetal. In C. pectinifomii ^, N. ab E., iisdem eiemplis milii
nunc ante oculosjacentibus, spicuUe minoresunciam lon^tudine cxcedunt,at
majores et fere omnes duas polliccs lon^cradunt : squams valdc numcrosEe,
utnnqae 20-36, spiculic igituc sEepius fiores plus quani 60 exliibent. In C.
peetinalo, Roxb., tanieu, Bpioulnj multo breviorea et ad speciem pauciflorai :
m^rea, secundum tabulam suaro pictam No. 216, in cmt. mere. Ang. Ind. or.
mnseo asaervatam, 9-10 linens tantum longs Eunt, et vix unquam utrinque
14-16 floribus gtiadent. In planta Ncesiana porro spicute revere lineares
BQDt, et in tabula Roxburghiana lineari-oblongie auC oblongo-lanceolalro; in
Mia culmi vix unciam, in bac 10-12 uncias longi sunt. Allatls omnibus baud
duhito quin C. peeHni/ormis verus sit C. Wightii, N. ab E. Nee obstat culmi in
exempio unico Wightiano, caau tantum forsan, gracilior et flaecidot. — Arm.]

§ 3. Sqwcnut membranacea, nermeo-etriatie ; cari/opris trigona, stylo trifido. —
Hymenolepides, Lindl.
17- C, orenariiM (Ret*,:) spiculis aubgloboso-aggrcgatia ovatis convexia
mdecemfloris, squamis imiiiicatia acutiuBCulis (iimmis obtusis^ membrana-
ceis tenuiter nervulosis pallido ferrugineia, stjjlo trifido, caryoysi trigona, in-
Tolucri 2-3-phylli foliolia uno binisve elongatis foliiaque semitereti-filifornii-
bus canaUcuIatis bevibus, culmo teretiuactSo aubtrigono basi folioso, radice
longe repente aannentosa.- fle(s. oA«. 4. p. 9. n. 11 ; Willd. tp. pi. 1. p. 269 ;
Vahl. en. 2. p. 298; H. et Sch. t. u. 2. p. 161. n. 2; Wight, ml. ». 1816.-

Cyperua, Wall. eat. n. 3S36.— P/iiA. aim. t. 300. / 7. In solo arenoao ad

litoa mans.

78 CYPEREiE. Cyperto.

1& C. Wightii (N. ab £. :) spiciilis gloCoscKcapitatis oblongo-lanceolatis
compressis 10-dO-noris^ squamis arete imbricatis ovatis in acumen mediocre
subulatum recurvum attenuates subtiliter nervoso-striatis pallide bmnneis
margine albo-membranaceo enervi^ stylo trifido^ caryopsi obovata trigona
IsBviuscula cinerea^ involucri di-triphylli foliolo altero capitulo subduplo lon-
giori^ foliis anguste linearibus complicato-canaliculatis cuhno flaccido triquetro
brevioribus, ladice fibrosa. — C. pectiniformis^ Wight, cat, n, 1817. ^Penin-
sula JndisB orientalis ; Wight,

Solus huie affinis est C, Tenenffw, Poir. ; di£Pert autem hie : foliis longiori*
bus^ spiculis majoribus rufis, squamis evidentius striatis magisque acuminatis.
Inter Indicas species hujus generis comparand^ sunt : C. capitaius, Retz.^
fasciculo in culmo foliorum medio insignis foliisque culmo longioribus ; tum
vero C, nitensy Retz.^ cui spiculse monandree^ alia ut taceam. C. pectinatus,
Roxb., difiert culmo stricto et spiculis linearibus : an ad hunc nostrum re-
ferendus ?

[Videas C, pectiniformem. Quoad C. capitatum, Retzii^ culmus fasciculum
foliorum proferre ad medium tantumfortuito yidetnr. — C nitens, Vahl. et for-
san etiam Retzii^ ad C, castaneum, Willd., potius spectat. — ^Abn.]

21. C. niveus (Retz. :) spiculis 4-10 capitatim-aggregatis ovato-oblongis
subvigintifloris (20--S0-floris), squamis imbricatis apice biemaiginatis mem-
branaceis nervoso-striatis albidis cervinisve^ stylo trmdo^ caryopsi trigona ni-
gra^ involucri 1-d-phylli foliolo altero elongato foliisque anguste linearibus
longis Isevibus^ culmo prseter basin aphyllo trigone striato^ rhizomate dense
multicipite. — Retx. observ, 5. p, 12; WiUd. sp. pL 1. p. 273; Fahl, en, 2.
jB. 308; R,et Sch, s, v, 2. p, 169 ; Roaib, ft, Ind. 1. p, 191 ; (ed. Watt J 1.
p. 195 ; in cat. mere. Ind. or. mus. tab. 710 (fide Am.^ ; Wight, cat. n, 1818 ;
Royle. Cyp. n, 8. — Cyperus, Wall. cat. n, 3377. — fi, cervinus ; culmis altiori-
bus (pedalibus et longioribus), spiculis pallide cervinis. — iV. ah E. in herb.

Royle. — Cypenis, WcUl. L c. a ; In Peninsula boreali prope oppidum Raja-

mundri. In nemorosis ad Midnapur. Tjandracona. — ^ in ripa Irawaddi> in
Sirmoore, E^maon, in Monghir, et Dimla et Sanashygota.

Retzius, ut solet, bene descripsit. Folia perhibens brevia, aperto falsus est,
quippe quae culmum hand raro snperent, linearia, rigidula, undatim flexuosa,
siccando se convolventia. " Acutas " <^isse videtur squamas Willdenovius,
quoniam a tergo eas, neque a latere, neque explanatas observavit.

§ 4. Caryopsis trigona stylo trifido. SpicuUs lineares squamis carinatis mu-

crone longo recwrw.-^Aristati, Lindl.

22. C. aristatus (Rottb. :) spiculis subgloboso-capitatis linearibus seu 14-
floris e viridi rufescentibus, capitulis umbellatis aut aggregato-congestis,
squamis ovatis in acumen subulatum recurvum attenuatis subtiliter septem-
nervibus, stigmatibus temis, caryopsi ovali trigona punctato-striata (styli basi
persistente mucronata), involucri tri-tetraphylli foUolis binis capitulo longio-
ribus foliisque anguste linearibus Isevibus, his culmum triquetrum aequantibus.
Rottb. gram. p. 23. t. 6./. 1 ; VaM. en. 11. p. 369 ; WiUd. sp, pi. 1. p. 275 ; R.
et Sch. s. V. 2. p. 221 ; Rojpb. ft. Ind. 1. p. 190; (ed. WaU.J 1. p. 194; S4^uU,
mant. 2. p. 128 ; Royle. herb. n. 26. et 27 ; Wight, cat. n. 1819. — C. intricatus,
Roxb. in ccet. mere. Ind. or. mus. tab. 709 (fide Am.) — Cyperus, Wall. L.
n. 3375. In pascuis humidis Peninsuke Ind. or.

Difiert a Cypero versicolore spiculis duplo minoribus, squamis tenerioribufi,
e viridi demum subrufescentibus, acumine breviori instructis, nervis hand ita
conspicuis striatis. Stamen unum.

23. C. versicolor (N. ab £. :) spiculis in capitulum ovatum congestis ob-
longo-lanceolatis compressis subdecemfloris primum paUide virentibus dein
fusco-sanguineis, squamis e basi late ovata in acumen subulatum patenti-
recurvum longum attenuatis crasse septemnendbus, stigmatibus temis, caij-

CypBBus. CyPERE^. 70

opsi oblonga trigona punctulato-subundata cinerea^ involucri triphylli foliolis
duobiis elongatis foliisque latiuscule linearibus culmum humilem superanti-
bus IsBvibus^ culmo acute triquetro crasso. — Wight cat. n. 1820. — Cyperus,

WaB. cat n. 3374. Crescit locis arenosis provincise Tanjore ad Negapa-

tam; Wight

Similis Cypero aristato, sed differt: spiculis constanter capitatis, dupio
majoribus^ eetate vivide castaneo-purpureis (capitulo pbleoideo); squamis
cbstatis, cubno crassiori 1-3 poll, longo ; vaginis laxis, purpureis ; foliis latio-
libus. — Stamen unum (in nostris). Caryopsis, pro spicularum et valynlarum
mole exigna. Involucri folia patentia ; tertium vix capitulo longius.

22. C. angustifoiius (Hamilt. :) spiculis subgloboso-capitatis aut subdigi-
tatis lineari-lanceolatis 5-10-floris^ capitulis in umbellam triradiatam disposi-
tis aut subcongestis^ squamis ovatis infra apicem obtusum retusumve in acu-
men subulatum recurvum productis dorso nervoso-tricarinatis (viridulis, mar-
gine rufis aut nifo-irroratis), stylo trifido, caryopsi obovata trigona Isevi, in-
volucri pentapbylli foliolis umbella longioribus foliisque culmum superanti-
bus convoluto-nliformibus kevibus, culmo setaceo subquadrangulo. — Hamilt,
in WaU. cat. n. 3376, b. ^BengaUa inferiore ; Wallich ; Hamilton,

Species distinctissima, ante omnes similis Cypero castaneo, Willd., qui
quidem differt : culmo acutangulo, nee subtetragono (lateribus duobus pla-
ninsculis, duobus sulciformibus), spiculis parvis, linea vix longioribus, nee
unguicularibus.

23. C. co*ton€M«(Willd.:) spiculis digitatis linearibus multifloris in umbella
simplici 3--6-radiata, squamis ovatis infra apicem obtusum in acumen subu-
latum recte patulum productis dorso nervoso-tricarinatis viridibus latere cas-
taneis, stylo trifido, caryopsi ovali trigona punctulato-rugosa, involucri sub-
pentapbylli foliolis umbellam sequantibus superantibusve foliisque anguste
linearibus convoluto-canaliculatis subulatis Isevibus, culmo bumili trigono.-^
WiUd. 8p. pi. 1. p. 278; FaM. en. 2. p. 3l7; R. et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 177;
Roapb. fi. Ind, 1. p. 195 ; (ed. Wall.) 1. p. 199 ; in coet. mere. I. or. mtis. tab.

715 (ex Am.); Wight. cat. n. 1821. — Cyperus, Wall. cat. n. 3323. In pas-

cuis arenosis humidis Peninsulee Indise orient.

A Cypero angustifolio differt acumine squamaruBi breviori recto, nee re-
curvo, |r-5 longitudinis squamss, tum colore leete castaneo squamarum. Sty-
lus non bifidus est, ut apud Roxburghium legimus, sed trifidus.

[Itoxburghius tamen recte cary opsin trigonam adscripsit. — Arn.]

§ 5. Caryopsis trigona, styh trifido. Spicuke breviuscuUs, capitatim congestce,
capitulis umbellatis aut aggregatis subsessilibus. Squama a^iutee margine
membranacecB. — Capituligeri, N. ab E.

24. C. SiUetensis (N. ab E.:) spiculis ovatis compressis 10-12-floris capi-
tatis capitulis in umbellam decompositam et supradecompositam densam et
brevem dispositis, squamis pallidis oblongis obtusis rectis patulis latere uni-
nervibus nervo tumidulo, stylo trifido, caryopsi ovali triquetra acuta laevi, in-
volucri 6-7-pbylli foliolis umbella longioribus erectis foliisque linearibus acu-
minatis Isevibus, culmo triquetro Isevi basi folioso. — Cyperus, Wall. cat. n,
3363,/. E. SiUet.

25. C. pdUidus (He^ne ? :) umbella supradecomposita depressa, radiis al-
temis brevibus, spiculis in apice radiolorum 4-6 contiguis subpalmatim pa-
tentibus oblongo-lanceolatis compressis 10-14-floris, squamis arete incum-
bentibus ovatis mucronulatis carina tricostata lateribus ex luteo pallescenti-
biis, staminibus temis, stylo trifido, caryopsi ovali trigona, involucellis 2-3-
phyllis linearibus ciliatis, involucro hexapbyllo umbeUa longiore, foliolis fo-
liisque elongatis latiusculis planis margine carinaque scaberrimis glaucis, cul-
mo triquetro Isevi. — Cyperus, WaU. cat. n. 3359, d. In Penang ; Wallich.

Similis est Cypero vegeto, a quo differt colore pallide glauco, spiculis mi-

80 CYPERfi^. Ctpsftos/

noribos e canescente luteis magis compnessis bifiiriam patentibiu et vdnti
flabeDa parva in apicibus radiolorum ezbibentibiu^ staminibiis temis^ nee una
tantum.

26. C. Haspan (Rottb. :) umbella supiadecomposita laxa^ spiculis lineaii-
bus com])ressis in cvmulas divaiicataa dispositis^ squamis ovatis obtusaiis
mucronatisque triandris^ latere unisulcatis^ stylo trifido^ caiyopsi exigaa glo-
boso-trigona alba^ involucro universali diphyllo umbella breviori aut altexo
folio loDgiori^ partialibus bipaleaceis^ culmo acute triquetro basi vaffinato mo-
nophyllove. — « ; corymbulis pleiostacbyis. — Wight cat. n, 1822. — C. Haspan,
Rottb, gram, p, 36. t. 6. /. 2; Wiild, sp.pl. I. p. 287. n. 69; Fahl. en.Z.p.
320; R. et Sch. s. v. 2, p. 179; Rojcb.Jl. Ind.l.p. 210; (erf Walk) p. 218;
in c€Bt. mere. Ind. or. mus. tab. 734 (fide Am.). — Cypenis^ Wall, cat, n, 3369«r
— C. strictus^ H eyrie in Wall, cat. n. 3365^ c. — fi ; cymulis bifidis cum spicuJa
intennedia sessili^ ramis divaricatis ssepe monostachyis. — Cyperus^ Wall, eat, u,
3360. e. — y ; autumnalis^ culmo laxion siccando valde collabescente^ foliis cau-
linis nullis^ involucri diphylli folio altero erecto elonc^to^ umbella composita
decompositaque radiis flaccidioribus recurvo-patentibus *. — Wight, eat, n.
1822^ b. — C. autumnalis^ Fahl. en. 2. p. 318 (excl. C. autnmnali^ Rottb. ?) — Or

aphyllus, Rohr. in Vahl. ed. Am. 2. p. 6. — Cyperus> Wall. cat. n. 3368. « ;

In montibus Peru prope Tanna; Meyen. In Tavoy; Wallich. — fi; In Asia et
America tropica ct alpina. — y ; In Ceylona^ in Penins. Ind. or.^ Bilhet^ et ii^
America mcridionali.

27. C. articvlatus (Linn. :) umbellee Bupradecompositos laxse spiculis sub-
capitatis linearibus compressis^ stylo trifido^ caryopsi trigona^ involucro tsw
pbyllo brevi^ culmo aphyllo nodoso. — « ; culmo gracillore intemodiis longio*^
ribus^ umbellro radiis oligostacbyis. — C. articulatus, Vahl. en, 2, p. 301 ; WiUd,^
sp. pi. 1. p. 270 ; Link. h. Ber. 1. p. 301 ; H. et K. nov. gen. et sp. p. 184. —
/3, Niloticus; umbellse densee radiis polystachyis^ culmo crasso^ articulis brc-
vibus. — Wight, cat. n. 1823. — C. Niloticus, Forsk. detter. p. 13 ; Vahl. en. 2. p^
202;R.et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 164.--C. nudus, Roxb.fl. Ind. 1. p. 187 ; {ed Wall.)
1. p. 191 ; in cat. mere. I. o. mus. tab. 705 (ex Am.). — C. gymnos, R. et. Seh.
mant. 2. p. 97; Willd. sp. pi. (ed. Dietr.) 1. p. 208. n. 2. — Cypems, Wall, cat.-

n. 3364. « ; In rivulis Canbeeomm et Guinea, in planis calidifl littonim

Oceani Pacifici et prope Bordones Cumanensitmi, ad Arica et Tarma Peravittf ;
in Insula St. Mauritii, et Peninsula Indise orientalis. — j8 ; In aquis stagnanti*
bus aut lente fluentibus Peninsulse Indise orientalis ; Roxburgh, Wight.

A C, articulate, si demis characteres supra memoratos, var. (i baud differt.

28. C.seminudus (Roxb. :) culmo continuo tri-sexpedali tereti supemc sub-
aneulato aphyllo basi vaginato, umbella decomposita, involucri tripbylli fo-
lions umbella duplo brcvioribus margine carinaque scabris, stylo tnfido, ca-
ryopsi trigona. — Rojpb. fl. Ind. 1. p. 187 ; {ed Wall.^ 1. p, 191. — C. Koenigii,
Vahl. en. 2. p. 302 (fide ^m.)— Locis hnmidis Inoiso orientalis.

Hunc ego non vidi.

[Secundum tab. Roxburghii pictam, n. 706, spiculse in radiis altemec, mi-
nimeque capitatee. Forsan ad Papyrum potius pertinet^ baud procul a P.^
Pangorei et tegetiformi locanda species. — Arn.]

§ 6. Caryopsis trigona, stylo trifido. SpicuUs lineares aut lanceolata in radiis
aUermB umheUam rarius contractam formantes. Squama dorso striata,
margine lueves. — Allagostacbyi, Lindl.

29. C. bulbosus (Vahl :) spiculis lineari-lanccolatis acuminatis 10-16-floris

• Huk varietati afllnit e«t C/lavidut, Roxb. (vix Rets) ; at an reftre hue* annoo, viz quamquam
ope tab. plctc in caeL mere L o. mua. n. 7S2 (fub nom. C trlekotinni) latit certw nam : umoelUe radii
multo fcrlctiores lunt Quomodo autem le habet, in diagnoti Rozburf^ilana pro " generaUy shorter **
Icgeodum '* inucfa longer" ut facile patet ex deicrlptionen tabula pfcta.

Cypbrus. CYP£REi£. 81

in apice culmi altemis^ iuiiiuis geminis^ squamis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis
nervoso-striatis bnmneis carina viridi^ stylo trifido^ carjopsi oblonga trigona
cinerea fusco-punctata^ involucri foliolis alternis infimis duobus spica longio-
ribas, foliis filifonnibus omnibus radicalibus longe vafifinatis^ culmo 1-d-pol-
licari semitereti-trigono^ radice bulbosa tunicata fibris bulbiferis. — Fahl, en.
2. p. 342 ; R, et Sch. s. v, 2. p. 197. n. 123 ; Wight cat. n. 1824.— C. jeme-
nicus^ Roxh.fl. Ind. 1. p. 191 ; {ed Wall.) 1. p. 195 (excl. syn. Rottb.); Retz.
olkS. 4. p. 11. — C. oleraccus Rojch. in ccei, mere. I. o. mus. tab. 733 (fide Am.)
— C. capitatus^ Retz. obs. 4. p. 9? (planta bulbo exuta). — Cyperus, Wall.!

eai. n. ^17* a, b. In pascuis siccis arenosisque maritimis Peninsulae Indies

orientalis ; Roxburgh; Wight; Koenig. In Ceylona; Rottb.

An hujus loci : O. capitatus^ Retz. obs. 4. p. 9, '^ culmo subangoiloso striato
medio folioso^ capitulo tenninali triphyllo^ spicis sessilibus V* C. jemenicus,
Rottb., quoad iconem et descriptionem (^versus onmino a nostro^ et stoloni-
fero propinquior.

30. C. stolon\feru8 (Retz. :) umbella composita pauciradiata brevi^ spiculis
3-7-nis approximato-spicatis subdigitatis oblongo-lanceolatis patulis 10-24-
floris compressiusculis^ squamis late ovatis ecarinatis obtusiusculis castaneis
maigine angusto albo-membranaceo ujidique cinctis uninervibus arete imbri-
catis^ stylo trifido^ caryopsi ovali depresso-trigona Isevissimalutea velbrunnea^
inTolucri subtriphylli foliolo altero umbella lons^ori foliisque culmo breviori-
bus complicatis angustis margine scabriusculis, involucellis nullis^ culmo te>
nui triquetro^ radice repente nine inde nodosa. — Retz. obs, 4. p. 10 (descr.
opt.) ; WiUd. sp. pi. I. p. 282 ; Vahl. en. 2. p. 338 ; R. et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 194 ;
Wight, cat. n. 1825. — C. spadiceus^ lAim. ill. gen. 1. p. 147. — C. juncifolius^
Willd. apud Rottb. — Cyperus, Wall. cat. n. 3315. — ^ ; spiculis brevioribus et

pallidioribus. — Wight, cat. n. 1825, b. Peninsula Indise or. ; Konig.; Wight.

Ins. S. Mauritii ; Sieber.

31. C. hexastachyus (Rottb. :) umbella composita decompositajiue tri-qua-
driiadiata, radiis strictis, spiculis spicatim approximatis subsenis (6-10) li>
nearibus convexiusculis 10-multiflons, squamis ovatis obtusis cum mucronulo
infoapicali dorso nervoso-striatis purpureis pallescentibusve carina viridi,
maigine pallido, stylo trifido, caryopsi obovata triquetra pimctulata, involu-
cio tiiphyllo, altero binisve umbella longioribus foliisque linearibus acutis
glaucescentibus, his culmo triquetro laevi brevioribus longioribusve, radice
repente tuberosa.

A : Communis, foliis culmo brevioribus. — « ; umbella composita. —
«*, communis; spiculis rectis 12-20-floris, squamarum margine pal-
lido latiori. — Wight, cat. n. 1826. — Cyperus hexastachyus, Spr. s.v.l.
p. 223 ; Rottb. gram. p. 28. t. 14. /. 2 ; R. Br. prod. 1. p. 216 ,* R. et
Sch. s. V. 2. p. 198 ; Link. hort. Berl. 1. p. 315. — C. rotundus, Linn. s.
V. p. 98; j^. Zeyl. p. 36; Roxb. ft. Ind. 1. p. 197; ^ed. Wall. J 1.
p. 201. n. 24: m c(Bt. mere. I. o. mus. tab. 719 (ex Am.) — Cyperus,
Wall. cat. n. 3329, c,/. — Rumph. Amb. 6. p. 1. t.l.f.l;p. 2. t. \.f. 2.
— «**, castaneus ; spiculis totis fusco-castaneis nitidis. — Cyperus,
WaU. cat. n. 3322, e. — «***, flexuosus ; spiculis preelong^s 40-50-
floris varie curvatis, lateribus squamarum rigidioribus, margine mem-
branaceo angustiori. — Wight, cat. n. 1826. — /3; umbella decomposita
involucro tnphyllo umbella longiore. — jS*, tuberosus; spiculis paulo
angustioribus purpurascentibus. — Wight, cat. n. 1827. — C. tuberosus,
Roxb.fl. Ind. 1. p. 199 ; (erf. Wall.) 1. p. 203 ; Rottb. gr. p. 28. t. 7.
/. 1 (exemplum juvenile) ; Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 281 ; R. et Sch. s. v. 2.
p. 196 (excl. syn. Purshii). — C. jemenicus, Roxb. in cmt. mere. I. o.
mus. tab. 720 (ex Am.) — Cyperus, Wall. cat. n. 3329, b. — [C. procerus
var. Benghalensis, Roxh. fl. Ind. I. p. 203 ; {ed. Wall.) 1. p. 206.— C.
tcnuiflonis, Roxb.in ccct. mere. Ang. Ind. or. mus. tab. 1109.-^-Arn.] —

82 CYPEREiE. Cyperus.

/3** ; spiculis paulo latioribus pallidis distinctius nervosis. — Cyperus,
IFaU. cat. n. 3856.

B : Pendulus, foliis culmo longioribus^ fibris radicalibus longis filifonni-
bus apice bulbiferis. — Wight, cat. n. 1828. — C. tubcrosus^ Roxb. fi.
Ind. 1. p. 199; {ed. Wall.) \.p. 203 {excl. syn.) — Cyperus, Wall. cat.

n. 3317, b, c ? Arabia, Indise orient. Peninsula et Kamaon, Zeylona,

Java, China, Manilla, Nova Hollandia.

32. C. procerulus (N. ab £. :) umbella decomposita contiacta, radiis valde
insequalibus majoribus trifidis, spiculis spioatim approximatis patulis laaceo-
lato-linearibus ssape incurvis subtrigintifloris compressis, squamis latiascalLs
ovatis acutiusculis muticis dorso nervosis fuscoque lineolatis latere e luteo
expallescentibus margine onmi membranaceis, bracteis loco involucellomin
altemis e basi ovata membranacea linearibus ochreolas excedentibus, stylo
trifido, caryopsi brevi obovata trigona mucronata punctato-rugulosa, involu-
cri 3-5-phylli foliolis 1-2 umbella longioribus folusque culmum asquantibus
linearibus planis flaccidis margine sc^ris, culmo basi folioso, trigone IsBvi,
radice bulbosa. — Wight, cat. n. 1329. ^Peninsula Indise orientalis ; Wight.

Species baud sine difficultate a confinibus C. hexastachyo A j3, tuberosa,
C. Retzii et ipso C. compresso distinguenda, sed mea tamen sententia satis
certa. Difiert a C. hexastachyo ttiberoso spiculis latioribus pollicem longis,
lineam 1^ latis, squamis majoribus laxiuscide imbricatis setate magis patulis
baud mucronatis ; a C Retzii squamis majoribus baud acuminatis paludiori-
bus, radice bulbosa, foliis scabris, &c. ; a. C. compresso differt ramis umbellfe
tenerioribus, spiculis longioribus, incurvis nee strictis, squamis baud acumi-
natis. — Sub C. procero suo speciminum graciliorum meminit Rottboellius, sibi
ex India orientali allatorum, quse nescio an bujus loci esse existimem, cum
in multis icon Retziana, t. 5. f. 3. magis in bunc, quam in C. procerum Rotbii
supra descriptum, (longius a nostro (B^tantem specicm), congruere videatur.

33. C. Retzii (N. ab E. :) umbella decomposita supradecompositaque pa-
tula, radiis majoribus apice trifidis, spiculis spicatis approximatis altemis pa-
tentibus lanceolato-linearibus subvigintifloris compressis, squamis ovatis apice
attenuatis acutis muticis ferrugineis dorso nervosis carina viridi, bracteis loco
involucellorum altemis e basi latiuscula setaceis ocbreolas excedentibus, stylo
trifido, caryopsi ovali- trigona, involucri tripbylli folio uno alterove umbella
longioribus foliisque linearibus planiusculis Isevibus, culmo triquetro kevi basi
folioso. — Wight, cat. n. 1830. — C. Pangorei, Koenig. in Retz. obs. 4. p. 10;

WiUd. sp. pi. 2. I. p, 2S4: (excl. syn. Rottb.) Peninsula IndisB orientalis;

Wight.

C. procerus, Rottboellii, proxima species, difiert, alia ut taceam, culmo Isevi.
Descriptio Retziana, 1. c. edita ad verbum congruit.

34. C. tenuifloTUS (Rottb.:) umbella decomposita tri-quinqueradiata radiis
capillaribus, spiculis spicatim approximatis subdi^tatis (3-6) anguste lineari-
bus acutis convexis 10-20-floris, squamis arete imbricatis ovatis obtusis mu-
ticis, dorso anguste viridi-trinervibus, lateribus Isevibus castaneo-brunneis,
margine tenuissimo albo, stylo trifido, caryopsi ovali trigona Ibbvi, involucri
di-tetrapbylli foliolo uno alterove elongato foliisque linearibus carinatis laj-
viusculis, culmo gracili triquetro Irovi, radice repente. — Rottb. gram. p. 30.
t. 14./. 1 ; Jacq. ic. rar. 2. t. 296; N. ab E. in cyp. Ecklon. ined.; WiUd. sp.
;?/. 1 . /). 284 ; Vahl. en. 2. p. Ml ; R. et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 205 ; Link. h. Ber.l.
p. 314 (excl. nb. synon. Roxb.); Wight, cat. n. 1331. — C. badius, Berf.fl.
Atl. 1. p. 45. t. 7./. 2 ; Vahl. en. 2. p. M7 ; R. et Seh. s. v. 2. p. 203 ; WiUd.
sp. pi. {ed. Dietr.) 1. 2. p. 294.— C. incurvatus, Roxb. fl. Ind. 1. p. 196; {ed.
Wall.) l.p. 200. — iS, brachystachyus ; spiculis brevioribus 6-7-floris lanceola-
tis, radiis plerisque apice simpliciter 4-6-stach3ds uno autem trifido. — iV. ab

E. in herb. Royle, n. 18.— (*, paUens; N. ab E, I. e. n. 10.) « ; Peninsula

Ind. orient. — & ; in Ncpalia ; Royle.

rCvPBMJX. UYP|i:it£Ji^. S3 .^M

Cum C. hexaiilaiAyo confundi nequit, propter apiculoa multo ungugtiores ^|

citstiLueo-bniiineas magiaqut: attenuatas, Bquamas miLTgiim panim mcmbnina- ^^

ceaa, infra apicem (siepc pallentem) muticaa, pikucioicH plerumque inspiculu, ^^

I

iimbelbe radios gracilintes flaccidos, rhachi inter spiculaa tenui fl

[C tncuTOofuf, Roxb. (In ccet. mere. Ind. or. mus. tab. 2016), vis hujus

loci est ; huic culmus validus, 1^ lineas crassua, incurvatus, acute trigonua,

lateribuB concavis ; involucri folinla valde carinata ; csiyopsis Uneari-oblon-

ga. — Aen,]

3fi. C. pertenais (Roxb. •A cnlmo tci-quadripedali iufeme subtereti supeme

tdgono, foliis paucis radicalibua culmo brevioribun umbella composita ducom-

posttaqne quam pro plantie altitudine minori, involucre uniTicUuin aubajquan-

te, BpiculiflaDceolatiamLdtifloris, Btylotrifido, carjopsi trigona. — Roxb.fi. Ind.

\.p.\m; (edWait.)\.p.202-, in eat. mere. T. o. mug. tab. 1320 (fide ylr-

nott). Locis depresska udis in aero Calcuttenai.

[Deacriptioui Roxburghiano addea ex tabula sua piota n. 1320 : spiculaa

revere digitalcs, sqiiamosque subacuniinataf et acutas. ct culmujn basi penoa)

ttusemuB crasBiCif!. — Arn.3

36. C, proeertis (Roth:) umbella decomposita compositave pauciiadiats
subcongestave, spiculis subscnis spicatim approiimads lanceolatis patentibus
20-30-9oris compressis, squamis Lite ovatis obtusis undique albo-mai^uatis
obsolete nervulosis pallide fuscLs solo necvo carinali viridi minimo excurtcn-
te, stylo trifido, caryopai obovata triquetra tevi, involucri triphylli foliolo uno
umbella multo loQgiore, iuvolucellis nulUs, foliis complicatO'Carinatis canali-
culatis maigine carinaquc scubris, culmo acute triquetro angulis auperue scn.-
htia.—Roth. cat. 3. p. 6 ; Jfcu*. in cmt. mere. I. o. mus. tab. 734 (ei Am., et
itaque forsan. Wall. cat. n. 332S. a ; Rottb. gram. p. 29. 1. 5./. 3 ? ; Wight.

eat. n. 1332. C. tenuiflorus, Roxbjl. Ind. 1. p. 199 ; {fid WaU.) 1. p. 203

(exc. omnibus syn. Peninsula Inwei orieutalls.

37. C. Wdlliehii (N. ab. E.:) umbella decomposita, radiis ecectis apice tri-
fidis bracliiatis, Bpicalis spicatis dieticbo-alternis linesrtbus pateutibua 14-
SO-floris comptesemsculis, squamis late ovatis obtusis lufe-eaataneis undique
albo-SHUginatiB muticis rigidis septemnervibus, uervis omnibus prominulis
CribuB doisalibus viridibus, stylo trifido, caryopsi obovata trigona lecviuscula,
involucri triphylli foliolo uno umbella multo longiore, involueellis bracteolis-
que setaceis cUiatis, foliis lineiiribits maigine culmique acute triquetri augnlis

soabris.— C. inundatuH, Herb. Roxh. et Ham.; Wall. cat. n. 3342. c. Ex

Bengalia inferiori ; Wailich.

Quanta quanta sit eitata auctoritos, Cyperui tamcn inundatuc Roxburgbii
ease noatcr nequit ob stylum trifidum et catyopsiu perfecte trigonam.

38. C. marginellug (N. ab E. :) umbella decomposita involucro tri- (4>)
phyllo breviori, spicis compositis late pyramidalibus, spiculis leueeolatis 14-
18-floris, squamis ovatis acutiusculis dorso nervosis pallide rubicuudis mar<
pne angusto membranaceo albo cinctis, stylo triiido, caryopsi ovali trigona
Bubtilissime punctulata, culmo acute triquetro kevi, foliis subradicalibus carina-
(isculmum subcequajitibus.—;} ; spicatis imperfectis bFevioribus pateutibus,
qiioas Bubcylindricas struentibus. Cbina; Vaehdl. Ceylona; Macrae.

Aa C. kexatlachyii varietas ? Quod ad spiculaa et spiculanim distributio-
nem simillunus C. latifolio, Poii.

39. C. earjunut (Heyne :) lunbcllEs decomposite radiia brcvibus densiii
sinplioibuB out apicc trifidis, spiculis spicatis altematim confertis oblongo-
lajweolatis compiessiusculis lZ-14-ltons, squamis late ovatis obtusis^mis mu-
tieiB orcte imbricatis pallide ferrugineis margine omni albo membranaceo,
tlorso nervosis carina pnUidiore, iuvollucellis squamiformibus, involucri tri-
phylli (nliolo iiltero lon^issimo culmutn subcontinminte foliisque a ' '

I

84 CYPERE^. Cyperus.

moque triquetris Iflevibus. — Heyn. in Wall, cat, n. 3365. a (an et reliqui eodem

loco revensiti ?) Peninsula Indise orientalis.

Similis primo adspectu C. canescenti et formis quibusdam C, prod^^ at
differt evidentissime foliis cubnum sequantibus triquetris spongiosis, facie
plana, carina acuta, marginibusque lasvibus.

§ 7. Caryopsis trigona, stylo trifido. Spicuke angustee, basi ebracteata, in spi-
cas simplices disposita. — Alopecuroidei, iV. ab E,

40. C. canescens (Vabl. :J umbella 6-8-radiata radiis brevibus dcnsis, apice
composite supradecompositeque spicatis, spica communi triangularis propriis
[n)iculisque divaricatis, his oblongis convexis sex-octofloris rigidis, squaniis
dense imbricatis ovatis mucronulatis nervosis glauco-fascis, stylo trifido, ca-
lyopsi obovata trigona, involucro 6-7-pbyllo umbella multo longiori foliisque
glaucis margine scabris, culmo trigono angulis obtusis. — Vahl. en. 2.p, 355
(excl. syn. Rheed.) ; R. et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 211; Wight, cat. n. 1833. — Cyperus,
Wall. cat. n. 3359. b. In Oahu insula, in China, Peninsula Ind. or.

Habitu maxime accedit C. polystachyo, sed multo major, propiorque, quod
ad inflorescentiam, C. ligulari, ventricoso, et confinibus.

41. C exaltatus (Retz.) umbella decomposita, radiis universalibus apice
corymboso-umbellatis e spicis pluribus pedicellatis erectis subcylindncis,
spiculis imbricatis [vel undique patulis, AmJ] lanceolatis aut oblongo-lanceo-
latis compressis ebracteolatis 10--20-flori8, squamis ovatis mucronatis Isevibus
rufo-castaneis nervo carinali viridi, duobus infimis minoribns sterilibus, stylo
trifido, caryopsi ovali trigona utrinque acuta keviuscula alba, involucri pen-
ta-hexaphylli foliolis linearibus margine serrulato-scabris culmum triquetrum
elatum subeequantibus, ochreis plerumque bifidis. — Wight, cat. ». 1834. — Cy-
perus, Wall. cat. n. 3343 (ex parte). — «; spicis brevipribus fastigiatis. — C.
exaltatus, Retz. obs, 5. p. 11. — C. fastigiatus, Rottb. gram. p. 32. t, 7. /. 2 ;
Willd. sp. pi. 1. p, 285 ; R. et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 220.*— /5; spicis prsesertim mediis
longioribus linearibus, spiculis brevioribus paucifloris (6-10-floris). — C. ca-
naliculatus, Retz. obs. 5. p. 20? — y,bulbostis ; culmo'humiliradiisqueumbellse

parvse basi bulbosis nigro fuscis. In Peninsula Indies or. loeis humidis ; in

Bengalia inferiori ; in Ueylona insula ?

42. C. (dtus (N. ab E. :) umbella supradecomposita coarctata, partialibus
corymboso-umbellatis propriisque trifidis, spicis laxis subdistiche spiculigeris,
spiculis altemis bifariam paten tibus lanceolatis compressis 20-floris ebracteo-
latis, squamis ovatis mucronatis latere Isevibus rufis carina viridi 5-7-nervi,
infima lanceolata acuminata bracteolam brevem referente, stylo trifido, cary-
opsi ovali trigona utrinque acuta alba, involucri 5-6-phylli foliolis 2-3 um-
bella longionbus angustis folioque radicali carinatis margine serrulato-sca-
bris, culmo trigono lateribus canaliculatis, ochreis bifidis. — Wight, cat. n.
1835. — C. exaltatus, Vahl. en. 2. p. 366 ; R. et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 219 (excl. syn.
Rottb.). — C. alopecuroides, Roxb.fl. Ind. 1. p. 208 ; {ed Wall.) 1. p. 211 (exc.
syn.). Peninsula Ind. or.

Proximus quidem C. exaltato, Rctz.^ at dificrre tamen videtur notis allatis.

[C. alopecuroides, Roxb., seu C. acerosus, Roxb. in ccet. mere. Ind. or. mus.
tab. 731, et in Wall. L. n. 3343, e, vix hujus loci, sed ad C. ejealtatum, Retz.
pertinet. — ^Arn.)

43. C. Roxburghii (N. ab E. :) umbella decomposita supra decomposita-
que contracta radiis universalibus elongatis compresso-trigonis fasciculato-
umbellatis e spicis pluribus fastigiatis cylindricis subsessilibus, spiculis imbri-
catis linearibus teretiusculis ebracteolatis 12-16-floris, squamis arete imbrica-
tis amplectentibus subrotundo-ovatis obtusis cum mucronulo latere mem-
branaceis albidis dorso griseo-rufescentibus, stylo trifido stigmatibus elonga-

CYPERE.E. 85

a, utrintjuc acuta lipvi, involucrl pleiupliylli folio-
lis foliisquc radicnlibua latis curinit maj^iDcquc
scmilato-srabris, inviilacellis anyuBtis umbtUula brevioribus, cuimo triqiictni
angulis superae spinuloso-scabiis, lateribua codcbvis. — Wight, cat. n. 1830. —
C. elatua, Roitl. /. Iiid. 1. p. 304 ; {erl Willi.) I. p. 207 (excl. aynon.)'— C.

maximus, Ratb. in ant. mere. Ind. or. miu. lot.. 728 (fide Amott). In Co-

romandelia el Bctighak.

44. C. digitatUK (Roxb, 'ij umbella composita plurirndiaCa, radiis com-
piCBsis sbiotia spice umbellatu! e epicia -9-6 subrnqualibus erectis teredbus a
badi densissjme imbricatia, apiculia lanccolatis comprcssis ebmcteatU 4^14-

-floris, squamis ovatis obtusis mucFODaCis flavis dorso trmervibus nervo cati-
nnli Tiadi, stylo trifido, carjopsi ovali tdquetm Imvi pallida, iovoluuellis dU
pbjUiti iiiubelluk brevioribua, involucro sublieiaphyllo, foliolk 4 umbella
hmgiaribuB linearibiis latiuacults foliisque ma^ne nibtie, culmo trigone laivi.
— Gdigitatas, iioxfc. Jl. Jad. 1. ;). 20fl ; (ed. Wail. J I. ji. 209; JV. aft £. in
heth. Amfte. — Cyperus, WaU. cat. n. 3346. Silhet.

' >C. digitatum, Kosburghii, esse puto, quooiam plurima congtuunt, nomciL
ante omnia; idcrac]ue et fonnas niBJocc^ occuttbio dooiit, spiculis uon uiodo
,6-floria] sed 34-<1oris gaudi^ntea.

45. C. racemosuK ^Rcti. :) umhclk deooinpodta fastigiata multiradiota, ra-
diis semiteietibus atrictis universolibiis paiUiilibusquo apice umbellatis o api-
ras pluiibuB Bessilibna lincBribus strictis, tpiculta Imbricatis lineati- lanccolatis
COmpresfiiB Bubebracteolatis S-lO-Soiia, squamis ovatis mucronatis dorso ful-
«!■ rafove fUacLS ocrvo ooriaali viridi latere flavis, etylo triGdo, caiyopal ovali
alba latere inteiiori concavo, involucro decsphyllo erecto fbliolis e basi latiori
ttttenuatifi margine acabiis 3—4 antbella longioribua, involuccUis foliaceis um-
ttdlukm snperantibUB eequantibusve, fbliia radicalibiis lato-linearibua culmo
ttiqnetro fimo altoque longioribus. — Sets. a&). 4. p. 20 ; Wiltd. up. pi. p. 287 ;
Vahl. en. 2- p. 355 ; R. et .Sch. s. v. 2. p. 211. n. 164 ; Wight, cat. n. 1837.—
Cypania, Wati. eat. n. 3341 .—[C. d^itatiu, Roxtt.fi. Ind. 1. p. 206 ; (ed. Waa.)
t. p. 809.— C. eiomeratus, Roxh. in c<et. mere, Ind. or. mus. toft. 729. — Ahm.J
PeninaulalndiiB orientalis. Penang.

[In nostris EquamcD apice patulcu, com mucroae: at in tab. picta Box-
biugliiaTia acuminattD et aubrecurvFe delincantur.^Huic valde quoad habitum
et inflorescentiam affinis est C. umbeBatK), Roxb, fl. Ind. 1. p. 206 {et in coet.
mere. Ind. or. mus. tab. 72!)) ; in quo umbells! radii quidam breves umbellu-
Itts olieostacliyas exinvolucratns gerente^s, alii elongati apice umbellireri in-
volncdlo 3-i-pliyllo ; umbellula laxa, involucellum tequans, e radiis 3-4
composita brevibus apice apicna 3-4 lineares gracilea sutweBsilea gecentibus ;
spiculm porvfc 4r-4>-florsD arete imbricantea et squamis late ovatis acutiusculia
mutieis dorso virtdibus latere bninneia imbircat^. Habitu omnino diasimilis
C. umbeltato, Burm. et Vabl., varlctatcs (jaaadam defbrmatas magia quam ul-
lam. spedem typieain tamen ceferenti. — Abb.]

§ 8. Caryopai* trigona ttyio trifido. Spicviie puuei^lttrifiorai eapilatim ant
gpim^m oonferta baa braeteola ttcffuliai. aquania itifera in rhachi perHM'
Iftile, spievlig aulcm integrit defiveniibiM. RhachiUa angusU marginata.
Squamee margine membraacea. — Mariscoidci, Lindl.

46. C. dubiiM (Hottb. :) apiculia in capitulum ovatum Iwisi eomposltum
cbracteatum coneBStis obloneO-lancooiatia utrinque coiivtuiusculiH (i-S-floria,
aquamia imbricatis late ovatis obtusis horbaceo-tihartuccis nervosis marginc

I

86 CYPEREiE. Cvperus.

membranaccis nervoso-striatis pallidis^ stylo triiido^ caryopsi obtuse trigona,
involucri subtetraphylli foliis tribus preslongis foliisque linearibus cubno sub-
kUkgioribus kdvibus^ culxno trigono mediocri. — Rotth, ic. p. 20. U 4. /. 6;
Roa^.fl, Ind. l.p. 188; (^erf. Wall J l.p. 192; Wight, cat. n. 1838.— C. Kyi-
Ibgoides, Fahl. en. 2. p. 312 ; Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 273 ; R. et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 173
(excl. syn. Pursh.). — Cypetus monocephalus^ Roopb. in cat. mere Ind. or. tab.

707 (ex. Am) — Cypems, Wall. cat. n. 3326. — Rumph. Amb, 6. t. 2./. 1.

In Peninsula Ind. or.> et Benghala.

Car^opsis triffona^ punctulato-iugulosa^ brunnea. Stylus bifidus altero ra-
mo bindo^ quo torsan deceptus bifidum perhibuit esse Rottbollius.

b, Spioati, rhachi hirta.

47. C. obliquus (N. ab E.:) umbella decomposita (supra decompositaque?)
fadiis compressis strictis apice trifidis radiolo medio basi composito^ rnacbi
hirta^ spiculis alternatim approximatis bifariam patulis linearibus brevibus
teretiusculis bracteolo setacea plerumque brevioribus 6-7-floris, squamis arete
imbricatis late ovatis convexis apice rotundatis muticis aut infra apicem bre-
vissime mucronulatis dorso refescentibus quinquenervibus latere lutescenti-
bus margine membranaceo albo undique cinctis^ stylo trifido ?^ involucellis .
nullis^ involucri subpentaphylli foliolis duobus longissimis folusque linearibus
complicato-carinatis margine scabris nudis^ culmo triquetro angulis scabris
nudis. — Cjrperus, WeUl. cat. n. 3334. c. In Kamoon.

Rhachibus hirtis et spiculis vix linea una longioribus distinctissima species^
conferenda cum C. piloso, Vahl.^ cui spictOee bilineares 12-floree ct spicse ho-
rizontales brevissimee in radiis longis tribuuntur ; in nostra autem radii bre>
ves sunt et spicee angustee^ media fere pollicari. C.fimbriato, cui jure proxi-
mum istum sensebis^ difiert : culmi angulis foliorumque margini baud cdiatis^
spiculiscjue (eodem fere statu setatis a me observatis) plus duplo minoribu8>
bracteolis longioribus prceditis^ pallidioribus.

48. Cftmbriatus f N. abE.:) umbella decomposita involucro tri-tetraphyllo
breviori^ spiels sessiubus submsciculatis^ rhacbi hirsuta^ spiculis patulis fan-
ceolatis squamisque fiiscis obtusis^ culmi triquetri angulis foliis (?) involu-
crisque citiatis. — Royle. herb, cyp. n. 29. Nepalia.

Ciliis culmum et involucra omantibus distinctissimus omnium^ C. piloso,
Vsihh, solo accedens, cut sola rhachis hirsuta.

49. C. veniMtu9{R. Br. :) umbella supradecomposita decompositaque mul-
tirlkliata^ radiis universalibus partialibusque compressis apice umbellatim
compositis e spicis pluribus sessilibus inferioribus radiatim patentissimis^- spi-
culis approximatis confertisve patentissimis linearibus compressiusculis brevi-
bracteolatis 12^16-floris, squamis ovatis obtusiusculis cum mucrone latere lu-
teis carina trinervi virente^ stylo trifido^ caryopsi obovata trigona leevi pallida^
rhachilla alata^ auriculis apice demum solutis^ involucri tri-octophylli foliolis
altemis planis latis trinervibus foliisque margine serrulato-scabris^ nonnulUs
umbella multo longioribus^ culmo alto trigono Isevi. — Br. prod. fi. nov.
HoU. 1. p. 217 ; Sieb.fl. nov. If oil. n. Ill ; Wight, cat. n. 1839. — C. alopecu-
roides Koen. apud R. Br. — Rheed. Mai. 12. t. 42. Nova Hollandia. Pe-
ninsula Ind. or. Java.

C elatvLs, Linn., cujus cxcmplum Zeylanicum in Herb. cl. Lindleyi vidif
non difFert nisi spicis spicularum densissimLs^ e spiculis in rhachi fere conti-
guis licet patentissimis, et rhachi crassiori multisulcata, qu» dubito an suf-
nciant ad distin^endam speciem. Quin, nostro C. elati nomen certo impo-
suissem, nisi cl. Brownii obstarct auctoritas^ cui C datum cognitum fuisse,
cum venustum suum describcret, vix dubium videtur. Prseter elatum hunc,
nimis, ut diximus, propinquum, C. vertirillatnm f Roxb., comparabis ; differfe
hie autem spiculis paulo majori))ns f.r|ii;mii.sque magis ncrvosis^ quoc nostro

Cyperus. CYPEREJE. 87

Tum nisi in dorso trinerves^ in latere autem altero luteoe^ in altero pallide lu-
tescentes.

50. C. verticUlatus (Roxb. :) culmo folioso trigono^ umbella decomposita
et supradecomposita^ spiculis spicatis confertis lineari-subulatis 8-9-floris
brevibracteolatis spicisque partialibus infilmls patentissimis^ squamis ovatis
obtusiusculis cum mucrone dorso 7-nervibus lateribus luteis^ involucellis li-
nearibus umbellas subsequantibus, involucri polyphylli foliolis plerisque um-
bellam superantibus foliisque lato-linearibus margine semilato-scabris. —
Roofh.fl. Ind. 1. p, 206 ; C^- WaU.) 1. p. 209 (excl. syn.) ; N,ab E, in herb.
Hoyle, cyp. n, 12. In Peninsula Ind. or. ; Roxburgh. Nepala ; Royle.

SquamsB spicularum pro spiculee magnitudine sat magnae^ altemse^ arete
imbricatse^ apicibus erecto-patulis. Spicula 3|-4 lineas longa.

[In tabula ejus stirpis picta Roxburghiana (in coet. mere. Ind. or. mus. t.
1319) radii universales apice spicas 5-8 cylindiaceas imbricatas unciam Ion-
gas verticillatas patentes subsessiles gerunt : e centro umbelluke seu verti-
cilli oritur aut spica unica erecta subsessilis cseteris similis, aut radii 1-2 spi-
cas subeequantes apice oligo- (2-3-) stachyi ; spicules adpressad lanceolatsQ &^
12^floreB lineam longee. Inflorescentia itaque diversissima difiert a C. venusto,
nee plantam supra a Neesio descriptam esse Roxburghianam credere possum.
— Arn.3

§ 9. Caryopsis trigona, stylo trifido. Squama spicularum obtusa, caryopaim
isqttantes. Spicuke lineares, laxce, capitatim aut digitatim dispositce, um-
bella composita decompositave. — Irioidei^ Lindl.

51. C parviflortis (Vahl :) umbella decomposita^ radiis universalibus apice
cymosis aut abbreviatis fastigiatis^ spiculis spicatis altemis ovalibus obtusis
tri-quinquefloris^ squamis obovatis infra apicem obtusissimum retusumve mu-
cronatis caryopsim sequantibus, stylo tnfido^ caryopsi triquetra, involucri
subpentaphylli foliolis temis folusque linearibus elongatis margine serrulato-
scabris^ culmo trequetro. — « ; umbella triquetro. — fi ; umbella propter radios
abbreviatos contracta, quasi e spicularum fasciculo constante. — Wight, cat.
«. 1840. — C. parviflorus, Vahl. en. 2. p. 352 ; R. et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 210. — C.
umbellatus, Roxb. fl. Ind. 1. p. 205 ; {jRd. Wall.) 1. p. 208 (nee Burm.) ; N.
ab E. in cyp. Royl. n. 12. — Cyperus, Wall. cat. n. 3360. c (fide Am.). Pe-
ninsula Ind. or. ; Wight. Nepalia ; Royle.

8imilis C. IruB, prsesertim quod ad squamas attinet obtusas^ infra apicem
mucionatas oblique 5-nerves latere fiavicantes ; sed difiert spiculis parvis al-
temis distantibus in spicas angustas faseiculatim subumbellatas dispositis.

\C. umbellatue, Roxb. (in ccet. mere Ind. o. mus. tab. 729) spiculse squa-
manim forma et longitudine^ aliisque multis notis valde difiert. Plantam a
Royleo lectam ignoro, at Wightiana C. Irice nimis affinis est, et ex eadem ra-
dice spiculas tarn plurifloras quam paucifloras profert. — Arn.]

55. C. Iria (Linn.:) umbella supradecomposita^ radiis spicatim compositis,
spiculis imbricatis oblongo-linearibus pallidis plurifloris, squamis obova-
tis obtusis submucronulatis oblique 3-5-nervibus caryopsin sequantibus^ ca-
ryopsi triquetra mucronulata, culmo triquetro, foliis linearibus Isevibus cau-
lem subsequantibus. — Linn.; Willd. sp. pi. 1. 1. p. 287 ; Link. hort. Ber. 1. p.
308; Roxb. fi. Ind. 1. p. 201 ; {ed. Wall.) 1. p. 204; Presl. rel. Haenk. 3. p,
174; Wight, cat, n, 1841. — Cyperus, Wall. cat. n. 3360. — C. Santonici, Rottb.
gram, p. 41. t. 9./. 1. — Rheed. Mai. 12. t. 56 ; Pluk. 1. 191./. 7. — fi; umbella
ligidula contracta. — C, clirysomelinus, Link. h. Ber. 1. p. 305. — y, suhtilis ;
culmo 4-6 poll, longo gracifi, foliis involucrisque filiformibus, umbella parva
contracta ovali aut obovata. — Wight, cat. n. 1841. b. — Cyperus, Wall, cat n.

3361. «; Manila insula. China, ad Macao; Vachell. Peninsula Ind. or. —

/3 ; in hortis colitur, semine e Nepalia adlato. — y ; in Mysore ; Wight.

88 VYPEREM.

63. Cdifformit (Liiin.:} umbella subdecmnposiLu brevjmiliata spiculis ei
boao-copitAIJs coDfertiasiiois lanreolato-litiearibiis compreasis paivis 8— U
floria, Bquomis subrotundia obtueis margine late inambranaceifi albia ca '
viridi fuscare trinervi, stylo bifido, caryopsi ovaU trigona punctulato
pera Bquamam asquante, involucro 3-3-phyUo, foliolo ollcto biniare longi.^
mis, foliis liueari-acuminatiH culmum tngonum subfequantibus- — Iiinn. *p-'%.
p. 74; WiSd. gp. pi. 1. p. 280; R. et Sch. k. v. 2. p. 193; mant.Z.p. 1161
Link. h. Ber. p. 304; Pretl, in TtL Saenk. a p. 169 ; Rollb. gram. p. 24.IS
9./.%; Rwcb.fi. Iai.l.p.im; (rf Walk) l.p. 199; in caet. mere. Ind. a
mils. lab. 716 (fide Am.) ; Wight, cat. n. IBM.— C. protractus, Dd.; lAni

c. p. 306.— CjTienia, Wall. cat. n. 3363. Per omnem Indiam, Novam H

landiua, Iiisulam Bt Mauritii, M^fpiuia usque in Or^ciam et Lombardiamd
Pre»l. In Manilla^ Haenke; Meyen. In Cliina; Vaohell.

64. C. dixtana (Linn. :) umbella decompodta, radiis univeisalibus a
umbellatis a spids 3-4 seBBilibua patentisBimis, Gpiculis allenuB patentisunic ,
linearibus subduodccim-floris bracteots setacea suffultia aquamis sltemiB dia-
bmtibus late ovalibua obtueiBsimia mar^e membranaceia curyopein oblon-
gam obtusam trigoaam fflquantibua, atylo trifido, involucn aubpcntapbylli ft-
Eolis binia temisve umbella lanrioTibuB foliiaque planis linearibua latiusmilia
mnrgiue neivisquc aeabiis, cuLno (1-3-peduli) triquutru. — Linn, nuppl. p.
103; Jaeq. ie. pt. nir.2. t. 390; aill. 3. p. 189; Willd. qi. pi. 1. p. 288;
FaJU. en. 2. p. 3G3; R. el Sch. «. v. 2. p. 216. n. 176; Pai.de Beauv.fiort
d'Ovi. l.p. 3fl. (. 20; Roxb.fi. Ind. l.p-207; {ed. WalL) l.p. 210; Wight,
ad. n. 1343,— C. elatus, Rollb. gram. p. 37. (. 10.— C. laxua, Yahl. en. 2, j».

362 ; R. et Sch. g.v. 2. p. 2n.—CypGnia,WoJi. cat. n. 1843. Peninralala

disc orientalia locia udJB, Malabar. Inaula S. Crucis, In regno Owan 4
SmiiD ; Falii. de Beaav.

-',. II. PAPYRUS. LiiJr.

~ ' 1. P. elalai (N. ab E. :) culmo folioso pnealto trigono, umbella awrt^
'ccnbporitaqiic multiradiato, spiels partialibuB pluribus sesEJIibos teretibus^
ferioribaa brcvioribus paten tisaimis, rachi crosaa sulcata, spiculia confentB '
mis palentissimis linearibua compressia brevibracteolatis 12~floriBj aqnaD
ovatis obtusis cum mucrone latere luteecentibna dorso purpurasccntibug ^
rina vircntc, lachilla: auiieulis apice liboris dcmum solubilibufi, involncri d
lypliylli foliolia alternis planis latia trinerribuB foliiaque raacgine a
seabria, nonuullia umbella niulto langioribiia. — C. clatus, Linn, am

p. 301 ;R.et Sch. «. v. 2. p. 217. Ceylona insula.

Species diatincta spicis partialibus iti&iis ad basin centralif quad vetd
latJH denae congeatia, paleotiBsimia, qua nota ad Cyperum verticillatum ni
approbinquatui. Rachilla; auriculm lato, caiyopsin amplectentea et, ciiiit'q|
peificitut. a rbacbilla Bolutie Pypyri gencria chacacterem prm so feniDt. ' '

2. P. Fangorei (N. ab B. :) culmo apbyllo trigone, umbella decompontln
spiculia milabellatui aJtcmia patulis linearibua 16'-40-floria, squamis ovali-
oblotigia obtusb carina trinervi margine cmembianaceis, involucetlia broctea-
libus altemis ovato-attenuatis ochreolas loquantibus, involuero triphyllo uni-
bellam leqiiante, aquamulia intemiB persiatentibua. — Wight, oat. n. 1644. — Cy-
poma Pangorei, Rottb. gram. p. 31. t. 7./. 3; Fahl. en. 2. p. 343 ; ff. rt SeA.
r. V. 2. p. Sf>3 ; Rod). fi.Ind. I. p. 202; (cd. rntf.) l.p. 206 (cscl. eya. Willd.)
— [C. tegetum, Roxb.ft. Ind. 1. p. 208 ; (ed. WaU.) 1. p. 211 ; in cart. mere.
/ad. or. tab. 1022.— Abn.]— CyppruB, WaU. cat. n. 3361, 336^ a (ex purtc).
Peainsula Init. or.

Inter Bpeciea culmo apbyllo iuMnictaa hteo noatra difFcrt apicutia lanpori-j_
bua magis patulia, aquamis baud itri rlgidis, involuoro Btricto latiusculo a
bcUam non superantc.

["KxcmpliK perplurimis r'liiclns sum involucri folioln nunr umbella dtmidi

P»fYRitf. CYPEItK,E. .R!

breviora nunc cam diiplo supurata esse, cbaraotcrusquc iniiiinii vuluriii piw
bere. Spicalss quamvis siepissime unciacn longro, quandoquidem 2-3 lineas vix
excodnut. Cyp. Pangorei, Boxb., vis hujus loci.— Species valde sffiniB, a. Nee~
sio omissa, est. P- tegetifortnis, Am. : culmo apbyllo tri^nD, umbeUa decinii-
posits, spiculia aiteinis acteniutjs approximutia pattilis lioeanbus 20-30-flonB,
■quamis ovali-oblon^aobtusistotebrunDeiB, involucellUbraclcalibua altemis,
involncru 3-4-ptjyBi umbella 4-fi-plo bcevioreB foliolis laaceolati* squaipte
EoTOiibus. — Cjperus te^Ciformis. Soarb. horl. Beiigh,; in cut- mere. Jnd. or.
mia. (aft. 1821 j Wall. cat. n. 3351, a (ex parte). — C. nuduH, Roxb.fl. lad. 1.
p.20»;(e(I. roff.}l.p. 313.— Auk.]

3. P. dehUcent (N. ab E. :) culmo basi unifolio superne triquetro, umbeUa
decomposila radiia gracilibDs bt-trifidia, apiculis 5-6-nisve approximatia al-
temie patcnCibua linearibua 12~16-floris, aquumis oblon^B obtiisis patulia dor-
Bo viridi-nepvosia inargine mfesoentibus, involucellis bractealibua exiguia lan-
oeolatis gqaamiformibua, taTolucro tripli^llo umbellam superante, aquamiilis
interioribus Bolubilibua. — Cypenis coiyraboBus, herb. IlKr/n. m Walt. eat. n.

8352 (ei parte, cum P. Pangorei et corjmboso}. Peninsula Ind. or. ;

Beyne.

%ieciea, culmo folioKO, apiculis in umbeUa lasa humili patulis, involucri
omnibus foliolis umbellam duplo et amplius superautibus, squamia altemis
ftatulia, invollucellis fere nonnisi aquamuiia, quales et iufra spiculos occuinint,
satis distincta.

[Hoc pertiuere videtur Gyp. Pangorei, Roxb. (a Neeaio niale ad P/tp. Pan-
gorei lelatom) sen C. gangeticus,, Roxb. tab. pict. n. 1111, igitu^^ue forsan
Cypervt, Wall. L. n. 33S1, a (ex parte).- Arn.]

4. P. coryvAomit (N. ab E.:) culmo aphyllo trigouo, umbella supradecooi-
posita radiis gTacilibna, apiculis in apicc radiolorum iasciculatis coi^rtis li-
neari-subulatia 12-14-floris, squarais ovalibus obtuais couvexis dotso viridi-
Dcrvoais margiiie pallidis disco rufescentibus, iuvolucellia bractcalibus confer-
^ e baai acariosa ovata seCaceia ocbreolaa supcrontibus, iuTotucra tri-tetia~
Dbjllo stiicto umbellam cequaute, squamulis interioribus liberis dcciduis. —
Gjpraua corvmboauB, iio«6. ffTfliH. p. 42. (. 7. f. 4; Willd. gp. pi. l.p. 2ffT
(wcL ayu. Thunb.) ; herb. Heyn. in Wall. cat. n. 3352. a (ex parte).- C. te-
_getum, Soxb.fi. Ind. 1. p. 208 ; ed Car. et Wall. I. p. 211.— C. monopliyllus,

^ahl. en. 2. 342 ; R. et Sck. a. v. 2. p. 209. Peninsula Ind. or.

. Inflorescentia gracili, involucellis ob radiolos iasciculatos confertis Bctaceo-

, aeutatia, apiculis circiter 4-linearibus angustis in fasciculoa densos ad apices
rodiolorum collectts involucto umbellani eequante facile distingiiitur. C. eo-

itlfmbotuSj Valil. ad exempla Capcnsia dcacriptns, aliena cat species.

, TQuBiavla auctor hue absque dubio tradit C. tegetum, Rnxb. (in ctct. mere.
Jnd. or. mus. tab. 1022, ct foraaii Wall. cat. n. 3332. o.) descrimina baud le-
Tia seac oatendunt: in planta Roxburohiana, radioli minims approximati at
revere altemi ct pauUo distantes; iuvolucella itaque non conferta ut in P. co-

' rgn^oio : ne« dubito quia eadcm ait apeciea ac P. Pangorei. — Abb.]

111. MARI8CU8. LijiJc.

1, M. panicCTW (Link. ?:) culmo trigono gracili, apicis temis quiniave oh-
longia seasilibus pcdunculatisque, spiculia primum aubulatls falcato-recurvia
dein ovato-oblongis trigonis erecto-patulia apicc aubulato recurvo, aquamulis
duabus apiculamm infimis lequalibua ovatis, inferioti acuta, involucro di-tc-
traphyllo umbella longiore,—£t"»fc. few*. Ber. l.p. 323!; Wight, cat.n. 184S.
— M. biglumis, Orertn. defr. et item..l. p. 12. (. 8./. 8 ?— MariacuB, Wall. mt.
n. 3434.— Kyllingin panicea, Linn, mippl. p. 10.5 ; Rotffi. gram. p. 16. t. 4,/.
I ; Wilt/I. *p.pl.^. p. 257. Peninsula Ind. or., Crylona.

1

90 CYPEREiE. Mauiscus.

Planta Vahlii liujusce nouiinis^ cui " bracteac sctaceee spiculis breviores,*'
diversa est species. Probabiliter autcm ad banc referenda est var. ilia : cul-
mo foliisque filiformibus spicis tantum 2-4^ a Vahlio ad Mariscum umheUa-
turn laudata.

2. M. pictus (N. ab E. :) eulmo trigone, umbella simplici pluriradiata^ spi-
cis densis siibsessilibus^ spiculis erectis imbricatis lanceolatis bifloris^ squamula
spicularum involucrali (sterili infera) brevissima acuta^ fertilium inferiori
ovali dorso quinquenervi latere albida purpureo-irrorata siiperiori duplo fere
breviore.— ^1^^^. cat. n. 1846. — ^Mariscus^ Wall, cat, n, 3435^ a ? — Kjllingia

bulbosa, Koen, apud Vahl, en. 2. p. 376 {sub M. umbellato ?) In Benghala.

In Peninsula Ind. or.

Differt a Marisco cyperino /3**, spiculis majoribus purpuro irroratis^ squama
fertili inferiori duplo fere breviore quam superiori^ ovali^ obtusissima^ e te-
nuiori membrana constructa^ dorso nervis quinis prominulis ma^s distantibus
divisa. KylMngia cyperina, Retz.^ tarn ad bunc quam ad M. cyperinum nos-
trum pertinere potest.

3. M. cyperinus (Vahl.:) culmo trigono, umbella simplici pluriradiata^
spicis cylindricis sessilibus pedunculatisque, spiculis erectis uni-bifloris subu-
latis, squamula spicularum involucrali brevi lanceolata^ fertilium inferiori
dorso trinervi latere immaculata. — »; spiculis unifloris. — Wight, cat. n, 1847
(a^ umbella radiata, et b, umbellse spicis sessilibus). — Mariscus, Wall, cat.
n. 3437. — i3 ; spiculis bifloris. — )3* ; spicis pedunculatis. — /3** ; spicis omni-
bus subsessilibus. — M. C3T)erinus, Vahl, en. 2. p, 377 ; R» et Sch. s, v, 2. p, 298.
— M. Sieberianus, N, ab E. in Sieb. herb. Maur. ii. n. 3 (ex parte). — Kyllingia
cyperina, Retz. obs, 6. p, 21 ; Willd. sp. pi, \,X.p, 268 (umbellro spicis ses-
silibus). — K. umbellata, Roxb.fl, Ind, 1. p, 182; {ed. Wall.) I. p. 186 (excl.

syn. Linn,, Rotth,, et Vahl.) — Rheed, Mai, 12. t. 63. « ; In PeninsulsB

alibique Indise humidis. China, Ins. Ascens. — (i ; In China; Vachell. In
Ins. St Maur. ; Sieber.

Species, a M. umbellato, Vahl., satis distincta spiculis longioribus erecto-
patulis, nee reflexo-imbricatis. Ceoterum habitu satis conveniunt hsBC atque
ilia species.

4. M. umbeUatus (Vahl.:) culmo trigono, umbella simplici pluriradiata,
spicis oblongo-cylindraceis, plerisque pedunculatis densissimis, spiculis re-
trorsum decTinato-imbricatis unifloris lanceolato-subulatis, stjuamula involu-
crali lanceolata, inferiorum lineari-elongata, fertili nervoso- striata, quarta ru-
dimcntali. — Vahl. en. 2. p. 376; R, et Sch, s. v. 2. p, 247 (excl. syn. Pursh. et
aliis) ; Link, h, Ber, 1. p. 324. — M. Sieberianus, N, ah E, in Sieb, Maur. ii.
n.2 (ex parte). — Scirpus cyperoides, Linn, mant, p. 181. — Kyllingia umbel-
lata, Linn, suppl. p. 105; Rottb, gram, p, 16. t. 4t, f, 2; WiUd, sp, pi. 1. 1.

p, 257. — R. sumatrensis, Retz. obs. 4. p, 13. In Peninsula aliisque locis

Indise orient. In insula S. Mauritii ; Sieber,

Spiculis parvis, leni arcu recurvis retrorsumque imbricatis, valvula fertili
pulchre striata (11-nervi), spicis ratione plantse parvulis, involucro longissimo
facile distinguitur.

5. M. dilutus (N. ab E. :) culmo teretiusculo obtuse trigono, umbella com-
posita multiradiata, spicis globosis, spiculis paten tissimis linearibus 6-8-floris,
squamula involucrali brcvi setacea, involucri subpentaphylli foliolis plerisque
elongatis involucellisque margine denticulatis, vaginis basi rcticulato-lacuno-
sis. — Wight, cat, n, 1848. — Mariscus, Wall, cat, n, 3439. — Cyperus dilutus,
Valil. en, 2. p, 357; R» et Sch, s. v, 2. p, 214. — C. compactus, Retz. obs. 6.
p. 10 ; Willd. sp. pi, 1, p, 271 ; R. et Sch. s. v, 2 p. 165. — C. congcstus. Pair,
enc.meth, suppl, 7. p. 239. — [C. spinulosus. Roxb,J1, Lid, 1. p, 203; {ed. Wall.)

l.p. 207; in cobI, mere. I. o, mus. taf). 707. — Arn.] In Peninsula Ind.

orient, ultcriori, Rangoon, Pcnang, Singapur.

Kyllingia. CYPEREiE. 91

IV. KYLLINGIA. Linn,

1. K. monocephala (Larm.:) capitulo subsimplici globoso dense compactor
spiculis imifloris diandris dimidiato-ovatis acuminatis striatis membranaceo*
carinatis carina ciliatis albidis^ involucro triphyllo capitulo multo longiore^
caiyopsi obovata, foliis angustis linearibus margine scabris. — lAnn, suppL
p. 104; FahL en. 2. p, 379 ; R, et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 236; Roxh.fl. Ind. 1. p. 180;
(erf. WaU,) 1. p, 185 ; Link. h. Ber. 1. p. 325 ; Presl. in rel. Htrnk. 3. p. 182 ;
Rotth. gram. p. 13. U 4./. 4 ; N.ab E. in cyp. RoyL n. 35. e^ 37 ; Wight caL
n. 1849.— Kyllingia, Wall. cat. n. S44t3.—Rh€ed. Mai. 12. t. 53; Rumph.

Amb. 6. t. S.f. 2. In Peninsula aliisque locis Indise orientalis, frequens..

In China ; Meyen ; Fachell. In Nepalia ; Royle.

2. K. bremfolia (Rottb. :) capitulo simplici globoso sessili dense compacto,
spiculis unifloris triandris dimidiato-ovatis acuminatis striatis carina viridi-
tnnervibus serrulato-scabris margine griseis, involucro triphyMo capitulo sex-
octuplo longiore, caryopsi obovata, foliis angustis linearibus culmo breviori-
bus. — Rotth. gram. p. 13. t. 4./. 3 ; WiUd. sp. pi. 1. p. 256 ; Fahl. en.l. p. 380 ;
R. et Sch. 8. V. 2. p. 237 ; N. ah E. in herh. Royl. n. 38 ; Wight, cat. n. 1850.
— ^Kyllingia, Wall. cat. n. 3440. — /S ; foliis latioribus (2 lin. latis), carina squa-

marum uninervi glabriuscula. — Wight, cat. n. 1850, 6. Peninsula Ind.

orient.

Est species, K. monocephal<B sane simillima, sed distincta carina valvularum
viridi trinervi plerumque spinuloso-serrata lateribusque baud albis sed ex
albo subrufis, foliis brevioribus. K. cruciformis^ Schrad., differt spiculis
monandris.

3. K. melanosperma (N. ab E. :) capitulo simplici ovato-subrotundo sessili
dense compacto, spiculis imifloris triandris, squamis ovato-lanceolatis acu-
minatis septemnervibus nervis temis lateralibus costiformibus, carina spinu-
loso-serratis, caryopsi obionga latere subcostata punctata atra, involucro tri-
tetrapbyllo capitulo multo longiore margine scabro, foliis brevissimis, culmo
alato-triquetro. — Wight, cat. n. 1851. Peninsula IndisB orientalis; Rottler,

Difiert a K. hrevifolia statura altiore, culmo fortiori acutissime triquetro^
foliis involucralibus 4-5-pollicaribus, caulino vix poUicari, squamis spiculse
in utroque latere tricostatis. A K. crudformi, cui propinquior, differt culmo
argutissime triquetro, foliis multo brevioribus, squamis latere tri-nec bicosta-
tis. Ab utraque omnibusque confinibus insuper caryopsi duplo fere longiore
quam lata, compressa, utroque latere obsolete costulata, aterrima, punctulis
exasperata.

* K. cruciformis (Scbrad. :) capitulo globoso sessili solitario, involucro
capitulo multo longiori triphyllo, spiculis monandris, squamis ovatis acumi-
nato-mucronatis apice recurvo quinquenervibus carina spiculoso— scabris,
caryopsi obo^ata lutea, culmo gracili foliisque culmo brevioribus angustis
laevibus. — Schrad. in Schult. mant. 2. p. 137. n. 1, a (quoad exempla Ameri-
cana). — ^K. uncinata. Link. h. Ber. I. p. 325 (excl. syn. K. brevifolise, Rotth.

et Auct.^ — Cyperus Kyllingseoides, Sidt. fl. Martin, n. 16. Bahias humi-

dis ; insulse St Vine. ; Macrae.

4. K. cylindrica (N. ab E. :) capitulis subtemis densis, medio cylindrico
obtuso, involucro 3-4-phyllo, binis foliolis capitulo multo longioribus, spicu-
lis monandris, squamis ovatis acutis rectis pallide viridibus purpura irroratis,
carina Isevi, foliis planis culmum subeequantibus involucrisque margine et
carina scaberrimis. — A^. ah E, in herh. Royle. n. 39. — {^y monostachya. — Kyl-
lingia, WaU. cat, n. 3442. Nepal.

Sola, qu80 isti comparanda, K. odorata, Vahl., gaudet staminibus duobus,
spiculisque minoribus carina ciliolatis pallidioribus.

5. K. triceps (Linn.:) capitulis ovato-subrotundis subtemis sessilibus me-

92 CYPEREiE. Couktoisia.

dio majori^ spiculis diandris unifioris^ squamis ovato-oblongis acutis mem-
branaceo-albis Isevibus carina subciliatis quinquenervibus nervis tenuibtu^
caryopsi oblongo-ovali compressa pallida^ involucro tri-tetraphyllo fblioGs
temis capitulo multo lon^oribus foliisque linearibus culnmm trigonnm sti-
perantibus margine scabris. — «; culmo altiori (ssepe gtacili). — Wight, cat,
n, 1862. — K. triceps^ Rotth, gram, p. 14. t, 4./. 6 ; WiM. sp, pi. 1.1. p, ^6 ;
jR. et. Sch. 8, V. 2. p. 238 (cum syn. plerisque) ; Roxb. fl. Ind. 1. p. 181 ;
(erf. WaU.) 1. p. 186. — Kyllingia, Wall. cat. n. 3441. — /S; pumila. — N. ab E,

in cyp, Royle. n. 36 ; Wight, cat. n. 1852, 6. « et /3 ; in Peninsula Indise

orientalis. — (i ; in Nepalia.

V. COURTOISIA. N. ab E.

1 . C. cyperoides (N. ab E.) — N. ab E. in Ed. n. ph. journ. (1834) n. 34.
p* 262 ; Wight, cat. n. 1853. — Kyllingia cyperoides, Roxb.fl, Ind. 1. p. 182 ;
(ed. WaU.) 1. p. 187. n. 4. In Penmsula Ind. or.

VI. REMIREA. AM.

1. R. Wightiana (Wall. ;) pedunculo communi capitulum pyramidalc ba^i
compositum eequante, foliis undique patulis. — Wall. cat. n. 3378; Wight, cat.
n. 1854. Peninsula Ind. or. ; Wight.

Persimilis quidem Remirece maritimce, sed differt, praeter characteres su-
pra expositos, spiculis paulo majoribus, squama penultima apice convoluto-
acuminata distinctius nervosa.

Trie. IL HYPOLYTREiB. N. ab E.

VII. ANOSPORUM. N. ab E.

1. A. monocephalum (N. ab E.) — N. ab E, in Ed. n. phil, journ. (1834),
n. 34. p. 263; Wight, cat, n. 1855. — Cyperus, Wall. cat. n. 3441. — C. monoce^
phalus, Roxb.fl. Ind. 1. p. 188; {ed WaU.) 1. p. 193. — C. monocephaloides,

Rojpb. in ccet. mere. Ind. or. mus. tab. 1318 (fide Arn.) Benghalia. Silhet.

Peninsula Ind. or.

VIII. HEMIC ARPH A. N.abE.

1. H. Isolepis (N. ab E.) — N. ab E. in Ed, n, phil. journ. (1834), n. 94.

p. 263 ; Wight, cat. n. 1856. — Roth. ? nov. pi. sp, p, 29. ^Peninsula IndicB

orient; Wight.

IX. LIPOCARPHA. R. Br.— Hypoelytnim. Lestib.

1. L. lavigata (N. ab E.:) capitulo 5-7-8tachyo, squamis commn0fbti)i
cuneifonni-unguicularibus subtrilobis cuspidulatis, spicula propria biyalvi,
valvulis lanceolatis eequalibus convolutis, involucro diphyllo capitulo lotf-
giore, culmo compresso-trigono trigonove basi folioso. — Tunga lasvigtata',
Roa;b. fl, Ind, 1. p, 183; {ed, WaUT) 1. p. 188; Sehult. mant. 2. p. 184.—
Schoenus laevigatus, Rojpb. in ccet. mere. I. o. mus, tab. 702 (fide Am.y — h J
culmo compresso trigono altiori, spiculis 6-7-nis, squamis uninervibiis atit
obsolete trinervibus. — (*, lacinia media producta. — Lipocarpha, Watt, eat.ii,
3445 (excl. a.) — **, squamis leniter trilobis. — Lipocarpha laevigata;, TV- ab E,
in Cyp. Royl. n. 55.) — (i ; culmo trigono humiliore, spiculis 4-5, squamis di»-
tincte trinervibus, lobo medio longe producta. — Wight, cat. n. 1857* — Lipo-
carpha, WaU. cat. n. 3445, a. -In vallibus humidls Penins. Ind. or. In

Ceylona.

2. h. triceps (N.abE.:) capitulo tristachyo, squamis communibus obo-
vato-spathulatis trilobis venoso-nervosis brunneo-fuscis, spicula propria bi>
valvi, valvulis oblongis convolutis exteriori quinqucnervi, involucro <£phyllo

Hypolytrvm. HYPOLYTRE^. 93

capitulo inulto longiorc, culmo comprcsso-trigono. — Wight, cat. n. 1858. — « ;
foHis lineari-elongatis. — Lipocarpha^ Wall, eat, n, 3444. a, — Tunga triceps,
Uwxb.fl, Ind, 1. p, 183 ; {ed. Wall,) 1. p, 187. — Hypolyptum spliacelatum et
filiforme^ herb. Heyn, in Wall, cat, n. 3444. c, (nee Vahf), — ^, brevifolia ; foliis
xaginis inulto brevioribus, vaginarum inferiorum brevissimis. — Hypoelj^tum

Zc^lanicum, Heyn, in Wall, cat, n, 3402. h, Coromandelia.

. LNeseio quomodo difFert Hyp, sphacelatum, Valil. : Rottlerus hoc nomen
epcemplis Heyncanis imposuit, etiamque exempla ad Vablium misit ; nee de-
soriptio a Rottlero data multura differe videtur. Patria ipsissima. — Arn.]

X. HYPOLYTRUM. ieic^arrf.— Beera, P, de Beauv, —Alhickia, Presl,

1. H. giganteum (Wall. :) capitulis corjrrabosis, spiculis ovatis, caryopsi pa-
tente ovato-subrotunda cum styli basi conica acuta confluente obsolete lacu-
nulosa, perigynii bivalvis valvulis cymbiformibus. — Wall, cat, n, 3404 ; Wight,
cat, n. 1859. — H. latifolium. Rich, (ex Am.) — Tunga diandra, Rojcb, fl. Ind.
1, p. 184; {ed. Wall.) 1. p, 188. — SchcBnus nemorum, Vahl, (ex Am,) —
Rheed. Mai. 12. t, 68 (ex Am,) — In Martabania, Chappedong oree Tenassa-
rim, Silhet ; Wallich, E. Ceylona et Indiae Peninsula ; Wight. Amboina ;
Rojcburgh.

Ab H, schoenaidei sive Albickia schcenoide, Presl, vix notis sufficientibus
differt. Inflorescentia gaudet magis corymbosa, fructu brjviori paten tissimo
nitidulo pallido obiter scrobiculato utrinque acutiusculo, rostro parum dis-
tincto.

XL FUIRENA. Linn,
Duae sunt subdivisiones; secundse species in India orientali non occurrebant.

§ 1. Perigyniifoliola interiora unguiculata, — Vaginaria.

PuWenm VaginaruB ilos e tribus verticillis constat ; scil. Imo, Calyce trisepalo,
sepalis setaceis. 2cfo, Corolla tripetala, petalis unguiculatis cum sepalis alternis,
dttOf Staminibus tribus sepalis oppositis angulisque ovarii respondentibus. Igitur,
4<o« Oarpellis tribus petalis oppositis planis valvatim connatis, apicibus stigmaticis
totidem liberis cum piano meoio utriusque lateris congruentibus.

1 . F. ciliaris (Roxb. :) spiculis capitatis axillaribus terminalibusque birsutis,
capitulifi pedunculatis simplicibus compositisve, terminali geminato, squamis
earinatis cristatis arista lamina breviori lateribus bi-tricostatis apicem versus
membranaceis, perigynii foliolis interioribus membranaceis unguiculatis obo-
vatis subretusis aristulatis ciliatis trinervibus, culmo oblique tetragono, vagi-
nis foliisque birsutis. — Roxb. ft, Ind, 1. p, 180; {ed, WolL) 1. p, 184; Wight,
cat. n, 1860. — Fuirena, WaU. cat, n, 3544. — Scirpus ciliaris, Linn, mant,

p, 182; WiUd.f sp. pi, 1. p. 309 ; Herb. Klein, et Rota. In locis humi-

4i8 litoris Coromandel, inter Scirpos ; Roxburgh. Aliis in locis Peninsulee ;
Wi^hU In Silbet et in Promas montibus ; Wallich, In Ceylonse insulsB locis
Ijkumidis; Macrae,

ITtrum bsec, an potius F, Rottboellii quam diximus, Scirpus ciliaris, Linn.,
existimanda sit, e descriptione Linneana vix dispiciandum. Moverunt me
^utem, banc ut isto nomine appellarem, verba Linneana : ^' arista squamis
Upeviore" et signum dubitationis, a Rottbellio synonymo Linneano adjectum.

' 2. F. pentagona (W. & A. :) spiculis capitatis axillaribus terminalibusque
pnbescenti-birtis obscuris, capitulis pedunculatis compositis, terminali gemi-
no, squamis planis membranaceis aristatis arista lamina dorso trinervi brevi-
ori, perigynii foliolis interioribus membranaceis unguiculatis ovalibus aristu-
latis glabris trinervibus, culmo gracili quinquangulari, vaginis glabris, supre-
mis ore foliisque superioribus supra hirsutulis. — Wight, cat. n, 1861. — Fuire-
na, Wall. cat. n. 3542. — F. glomerata, R, Br, prodr, fl, Nov. Holl. 1. p. 220.
Peninsula Indisc orientalis ; Wight. Ceylona ; Macrae,

94 SCIRPEiE. DicHosTYLis.

Magis accedit ad F. Rotiboellii quam ad ciliarem ; differt a F, Rottboellii
squamis spicuka majoribus arista breviori predditis^ culmo altiore, capitulis
pedunculatis. A F, ciliari distinguitur : squamis fiisco-olivaceis nee femigi-
neis, baud carinatis^ dorso trinervibus^ nee eostis 2-d-nis in utroque latere
instructis^ totis ferme membranaceis neque ad latus tantummodo superius^
setula gracili abnipte aristulatis neque in acumen subulatum recurvum exeun-
tibus^ foliis vaginisque interioribus glabris nee omnibus hirsutism cubno gracili
altiori (1-l^pedali) acute quinquangulari.

3. F. RottboeUii (N. ab E. :) spiculis capitatis axillaribus tenninalibusque
hirsutis, capitulis subsessilibus^ terminali composite ovali^ squamis membra-
naceis planis trinervibus aristatis arista laminam subsequante, perigynii folio-
lis interioribus membranaceis longe unguiculatis cordatis repando-mucronu-
latis trinervibus margine nudis^ culmo oblique tetragono^ vaginis superius fo-
liisque hirsutism foliis intimis brevibus lanceolatis. — Wight, cat. n, 1862 ; VaM,
en. 2. p. 2QQ; R. et Sch. s, v. 2. p. 234; WiOd. sp. pi (ed, Dietr.) 1. p. 257
(excl. syn. Roxh, et Linn.) — ^Fuirena, WaU. cat. n, 3544. a. — Scirpus ciliaris,
Bottb. gr. p. 66. 1. 17. /. 1. — Plvk. t. 417. /. 6. Peninsulae Indi» orienta-
ls; Wight; Rottler ; Klein. China; Potts.

Distinctissima species^ quantumvis similis F, pentagon^e.

Trib. III. SCIRPEiE.

XXL DICH08TYL18. Lestib. (ex parte.)

Spiculae trifariam imbricata^ compressione quandoque ad speciem bifariss
et cyperoidese. Squamee omnes fertiles^ tenues^ membranacese et molles>
persistentes, carina uninervi in mucronem magis minisve conspicuum promi-
nente. Perigjnium nullum. Stylus bifidus, rariusve trifidus^ filifonnis^ ova-
rio continuus diutiusque persistens^ demum basi rumpens. Caryopsis oblon-
ga^ mucronulata^ Isevis^ distincte marginulata^ latere postico plano^ antico
convexo aut obtuse carinato. — Inflorcscentia : spicuke in capitulum longe in-
volucratum^ bracteolis foliaceis aut saltem scariosis et squamiformis intcr-
stinctum arctissime confertee^ pallidss, irregulari ambitu^ carina et apicibus
virides.

Plants humiles KyllinguB habitu, culmo trigone basi folioso. Folia plana, eari-
nata, Idnga. Inter Cyperos accedit C. pygnuetu ; sed isti spiculse applanatae et eri-
doiter distichffi. — Genus Dichostplis ad paucas species reduxi, quibus stylus diu in
fiructu oblongo persistit et quarum inflorescentia capitata^ spicule parvae difformes
naccidulie e squamis plerumque trifariis, habitus omnino KylRngioideus, differentiam
insignem prsebent.

1. D. Micheliana (N. ab E. :^ spiculis multifloris^ squamis apice longe sub-
ulatis^ capitulo bracteis foliaceis mterstincto^ involucro 4-6-phyllo patentis-
simo. — Isolepis Micheliana^ R. et Sch, s. v. 2. p. 114: ; N.ab E. in Royle. cyp.
n. 92. — Scirpus Michelianus^ Linn. sp. pi. p. 67 ; WiUd. sp, pi. 1. p. 309 (excL
syn. Bauh.) ; Schrad.fl. Germ. 1. p. 147; Schkuhr in Ust ann. 1. p. 20. t.2;

Host. gr. atistr. 3. t. 69. — Link. H. Ber. 1. p. 303. Nepalia ; Royle (forma

pumila). Europa australis et Asia Minor.

Hanc ne cum Cypero pumilo confimdas^ cave. Quod accidisse videtur pm-
cl. Liukio^ cum in hort. Ber. 1. p. 303 hsec traderet: Cyperus, inquit, pumi-
lus ex India orientali multo minor quidem et omnibus partibus rigidior (hsec
in verum cadunt C. pumilum) at specie differe a C. Micheliano non videtur.

Abildoaardia. SCIRPEJE. 95

XIII. ABILDGAARDIA. Vahl. (ex emmend. ii. Br.)

1. A. RotthoeUiana (N. ab E. :) diandra^ spica solitaria nuda subnutante
'ovata, squamis duabus inferioribus longius mucronatis reMquis confonnibus,
«Bryopsi argute tuberculata, culmo compresso-angulato gracili, foliis cuhno
brevioribus anguste linearibus obtusiusculis margine scabris. — ^A. Indica^ N.
et E, in cyp, RoyL n, 10. — « ; culmo fere pedali. — Wight, eat, n, 1863. — Abild-
gaardia^ WaU, cat, n. 8491. — Cyperus monostachyus, Rottb, gram, p, 18. 1. 13.
fi 3. — Scirpus schsenoides, Koen. ; Roxh, fl, Ind. 1. p, 221; (ed. WaU,) 1.
p. 223 (excl. syn. Retz.) ; in cost, mere. Ind, or, mus, tab, 750 (fide Am,) —

/3 ; culmo humiliore, Wight, cat. n, 1863. 6. In pascuis siccis Peninsulse In-

diBB oiientalis^ inter fnitices ; Roochurgh ; Wight, — 9>* In Nepalia ; Royle. Pe-
ninj9ula; Wight,

A, compressa, Presl., vie ac ne vix quidem differt tuberculis fmctus mino-
libus acutis nee obtusis. Folia in majoribus angustiora, in minoribus pro
longitudine paulo latiora. A. Indica, Vahl., quae Cyperus Indicus, Rich., Pers.
syn. 1. p. ^, culmo stricto, " monandra/' stylo bifido, etc., aliena certo a nos-
tra est species. A. compressa, Presl., sic circumscribenda : culmo compresso,
foliis subcanaliculatis angustissimis margine scabris culmum subeequantibus,
spicula solitaria (rarissima spiculis geminis) ovata, glumis ovato-subrotundis
inferioribus mucronatis, caryopsi obovata grosse tuberculata.

2. A. tristachya (Vahl. :) spicis triandris subtemis, media sessili, lateralibus
longe pedunculatis, squamis superioribus spicatis, involucro 1-2-phyllo um-
bella breviori, caryopsi compresso-trigona angulis lateralibus argutis denti-
culatis. — Vahl. en, 2, p. 297 (excl. syn. Schceni cyperoidis, Retz. ?); R. et
Sch. 8, V. 2. p. 160 ; Wight, cat, n. 1864. — Cyperus trmorus, Linn, mant.p. 180 ;
WUld, sp.p, 1. 872. Peninsula Indiae onen talis; Rottkr ; Wight.

Squanmise revera distichee, torsione rachiilse quadrantem circuli eminente
in duas abeunt spiras. Schcenus cyperoides, Retz., cui spiculse omnes sessiles,
distinctissima esse videtur species.

3. A. Eragrostis (N. et Meyen :) culmo angulato subcompresso, foliis linea-
ribus obtusis margine serrulato scabris glaucis, umbella decomposita radiolis
patentibus, involucro et involucellis brevissimis linearibus, spiculis multifloris
pallidis, squamis Isevibus acutis, stylo trifido. — N, et Meyen in act, acad, nat,
cur, 16. suppl, 2. In China; Potts ; Meyen.

4. A./u8ca (N. ab E. :) culmo filiformi subtetragono sulcato, foliis lineari-
bus obtusis margine serrulato-scabris viridibus, umbella composita, inVolucris
et involucellis subulatis brevibus, spiculis multifloris fernigineo-fuscis, squa-
mis acuminatis subtiliter nervoso-striatis scabris, stylo tridentato. — Fimbris-
tylis. Wall, cat, n, 3530. Nepalia ; Wallich.

Differt ab A, Eragrosti : culmi graciliori, foliis culmo multo-brevioribus,
iqnculis ferrugineo-^scis, nee pallidis, squamis nervoso-striatis et scabris turn
inprimis stylo apice non fisso sed dentibus tribus terminalibus predito. — Bi-
nis bis speciebus umbellifloris proxima et certo ejusdem generis est; A,'Cype-
toide9, culnao triquetro hinc sulcato, foliis linearibus obtusis margine scabris,
xcmbelke decomdositse radiis pubescentibus, involucro et involucellis umbella
umbellulisque brevioribus, spiculis subbifloris. — N, et Meyen. I. c, — Gutssonea
cyperoides, Presl, in rel. Hank, 3. p. 183. t, 33. Monte Rey in Califor-
nia; H(Bn1ee,

XIV. CHiETOCYPERUS. N. ab E,

Spicula solitaria, disticha, pauciflora. Perigynii setae sex, cartilaginea?, re-
trorsum hispidac. Stamina tria. Stylus trifidus, basi bulbosa ovario articulo

96 SCIRFJ:^., , ECHINOI^YTRUM,

I » ' .Tift/"

IV

inscrta persistcnte. Caryojisis trigona, styli bulbo brevi trigono-conico, b?isi
trilobo coronata. . • ..^

A Limnochari differt spicnla diBticha et rostfo caryopseos baai trilobo.

1. C. Limnoeharis (N. ab £. :) spica 0¥ata.r-^^eras setaceus, Metxu ^bs,
6. p. 10; Willd. sp. pL 1. p. 129 ; Roxh.fi, Ind. l.p, XS6 ; (erf. Walf^ l.p^
190. — Eleocharis chaetaria^ R, et Sch. s, v, 2* p, 3b54«^-Scirpii6 pygicoa^is^
Lam. ill. gen. 1. p. 139; VM. en. fL p, 242; R. et S<^. *. v. 2. p. 122^^—*,
Coromandel ; Roxburgh. Ceylcma ; Mwr,w,

Caryopsis obovata, trigona^ fiuca^ gTiOsse €on|iertimque pimctato^striata..
Rostrum pyramidale^ trigonum> basi duatatOr in aingulo caryopiieos angulo lo*
bo obtuso incumbens. Setee lutescentes, 4 caryopsm Gsquantei^ duee.p^ulo.
breviores. Cubui basi procumbentes, flaecidi^ collabentes^ piolifero-flEiS(3ula<^
ti^ tenerrimij capillares, profunde soloati.

XV. ECHINOLYTRUM. Dew.

Est genus plantarum singulare, ^mbristylhi omnino quod ad charactereB adeo
referens, ut diu haesitarem, monstrosam genninaB cujusdam Fiipbristyleos, nuuciin^.
que F. asHvalis prolem banc esse censerem. 8ed semper et ubique in plurimis spi.
culis eadem occurrebat ovarii et fructus structura, ut diutius dubitare non liceret*
Ovarium e membrana contextum est tenui pellucida, fibris (spiralibus uti videbatur)
in areolas trans versales elongatas irregulares divisa. Ad latus utrumque, rarids etiam
in dorso, series posita est appendicum, 6-8>narum in singula serie, ratione ovarii niao^
narum, globosarum, brevi crassoque stipiti impositarum. Capitula haec (uti et fttipl-.
tes) structurae sunt laxe cellulosae, cellulis etiam fibrosis. Semen obscurum, basi

Saulo latius, ubi raphe a st^lo decurrens inseritur, ad apicem fete ovarii protensum,'
enique cavum omne ovarii implens. Pupam dipteri cujusdam, appendicibus sordi-
busve inquinatam, primum adspicienti ejusmodi caryopsis apprime nngit.

1. E. dipsaceum (Desv.) — Desv.joum. de bot. 1. |>. 20. ^ 1 ; Wight, cat. n.
1865. — Isolepis dipsacea^ VahJ. en. 2. p. 276; R. et Sch. 8. v. 2, 119.— Scir-

pus dipsaceusj Rottb. gram, p, 56. t. 12./. 1 ; Wilki. sp.pl. I. I, p. 309.

reninsula Indise orientalis.

Stamen unum offendi in nostris^ anthera lanceolata lutea.

XVI. FIMBRISTYLIS. Vahl. '

§ 1. SpictiHs 1-4^ grandiusculie non aut breviter involucratis paSidisj caryopH
nodulosa aut striolata, aut cingulata, — Oligostachys.

1. F. acuminata (Vabl. :) spiculia solitaria ovali-oblonga acuta paDidft/
squamis ovatis acutiusculis paucinervibus triandris^ involucro nallo^ easyopsk
late obovata biconvexa transversim undulato-cingulata^ cuhno tetragono-eom-
presso vagina aphylla oblique tnincata. — Fahl. 2. p. 285 ; R. et 8^. 8. «. 2.
p. 91. — Isolepis, Wall. cat. n. 3494. Kamaon; WaUU^. Ceylon; Mmcrae:

2. F. nutans (Vahl. :) spicula solitaria ovali nutante, squamis oyatOHSub^
rotundis mucronulatis chartaceis dorso tenuiter nervosit latere fuavesceptjibiii
triandris, involucelli loco squama inferiore longius muoronata persistentp «te-
rili, caryopsi obovata plano-convexa transversim remote noduloso-nwosa
(varicosa), culmo tetragono-compresso (^1 ped. alto) apbyllo, vaginiA c^lique

truncatis. — Vahl. en. 2. p. 285 ; R. et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 91. Ceylona ; Macrat^

Malacca; Koenig.

3. F. polytrichoides (Vahl. :) spicula solitaria oblonga sQbnntante, invalucro
monophyllo e basi membranacea setaceo spicula breviori, squamia membra-
naceis iminervibus ovato-oblongis mono-diandris, inferioribus subulato-mu-
cronatis superioribus obtusis, stylo inleriorum trifido snperiorum bifido scabro
bulbo angusto, caryopsi obovata dorso convexa punctulato-scabra, inferiorum
costa dorsal! media pnedita, foliis setaceis compressis complicato-caniculatis
Isevibus culmo setaceo comprcssiusculo plerumquc brevioribus. — Fahl* en. 2.

s

FiirBRiBTVus. SCIRPE.«. SlT'

p. 249; R.et Sch. a. r. 2, p. 101 ; mtnt.'l.p. 59; Brotmi. prod. I. p. 226P;
Aar6. in aet. nierc. I. ». mm. tab. 74a (fide ^m.); Wight, cat. n. 1866.—
Bcirpus polrCriclioides, Betx. obi. 4. p. 11. n. 21 ; Wtlid. sp. pi. 1. p. 2De. —
8.scaber, Rarb.fl. Jnd. 1. p. 220; {«/. fTa^.) 1. p. 222.— laolepis, Walt. cat.

n. 34fl7i <^' PeniDsnla ladice oiientaliSj ad oras Coiomandet in p&scuis aj

noBisBiceis; Roxburyk; Wight. Id Ce^lona; Koenig.

F. poigtrielioidem, R. Br. propter eaiyopBin " leevcm" ah eo deseriptam,
dnbais citavi. Via styli bi-vel tcifidi in generibus distinfruendia hoc extmiplo
sane infirmaCuF, nee omnino tamen frangitur, cum restet caryopGeos figim
phno-convexa, coeta ilia quidem angulum molieate nee vera pernciente, que
seqiiitur, Cjpcracens ad fructum odidcs tricaTpelkrem natura sua natas, abae
duamodi fructum fHcile perficere posse, alias autcm difficile et difficUlime.
Atqni senus est gradus quidam perfectionis niiiUB communis thmiliiQ cuius*
que, plantis quibusdam e ditione ejus oollutua, quo adepto nisus ad oltiorai
bac ex parte sedatur, nisi obstet aliquid stimuletve ; ergij et confirmatuc n
g^ila nostra isto escioplo.

4. F. bitpieata (N. et Mey. :) aptculis 1-3 ovali-oblongis specie lateralibus
naa sesBili rcliquis pcdieellatis, inyolncella proprio brcviaaimo, aquamis sub-
ratutidis mncTonutis, carhops! pedicetlata lentictikri, stylo bifido, oulmo fili-
lonni inourvo "basi folioso. — a ; spica singula Tel gemino, involucre majofi
flhi altera adest spicula) pedicenum tequante, — Bcirpus bispicatus, Koenig
Ml Jloa*.^. /nrf. l.p. 220; {ed. Wnii.) I. p. 223 i i>j-. », u. l.p. 212.— leole-

£la bispicata, Schutt, mant. 2. p. 61.-— S ; spicis geminis tcrnia quatomisTe,
lYOlucro majore apiculaa superante. — Sdipus tristaobyoa, Roitb. fi. Ind. 1,
p.i221; ('«f. Walt.) l.f). 224.— laolepis triatacliya, Scfi. (noiK. 2, p. 64 (quoad

syn. Roxb.) »; In Cliina; Meyea; Fnefiell. In Peninaula Ind. or '

Bei^ala; Koenig ; Roxburgh. — —i; In Bcngbalia; Roxburgh.

[Scirpus trigtachyus, Boxb., cui spic« 3-4 subBesailes aut, er tab. picta
(&i cmt. mere. I. o. mus. t. 1931), omnes plane Bessiles et nggtegatEG, vix hu-
JQiIoci; (oonf. F.firugineam). In Sc.bupieato, Eoxb. (tab, 7^) deHaeattir
iDflorescentia trispicata, spica una sesslli ceet^ria pedunculatjs, et species om-
nino eadam ao Wight, cat. n. 1867 (beib. Wight, ad Nees. sub. no. 100), ad
F. lehtenoidem ex Necsio referenda. — Arh.]

6. F. schiBnoidet (Vahl. :) spiculia sub^eminis temis quaternisve ovatis ob-
tnds una sessili, involuero nullo, Equam ia subrotundis muurocatja, caryopsi
pedicellata obovato-lenticulari confertun giauulato-striata, culmo filiformi
usi f^ioBo, foliia lineari-filifomubuBcanaliculatiamargine scaberrimis. — Vahl.
ami.p.2aSiR.et Seh. i. v. 2. p. 93 ; N. ab E. in herb. Ragle, n. 70 ; Wight.
MliH. 1867..— 13, Moaottodtya ; spicula solitaria bam bibracteolata, braeteis
e latioie basi subulatis, culmo bumiliore 2-6 polL longo, ihizomate rcpente.
— 'IFvU. cot n. 1868. — Scirpus schEenoides, R^x. 1 eb». 6. p. 14. — S. mono-
Btaebjs,Keeti.inRojA.Jl.lTid.l.p. 19 j Ced. WaH.J 1. p. 223 ; in ctei. mere.

Ind. or. Mti«. tab. 747 (fide Am.) ; WaU. cat n. 3490. Peninsula Ind. or. ;

Xoenif; Roxburgh; Wight. Nepala ; WaUich; Rogk.

^Exempla Wightiana, No. 1 8S7, ipaiisiina aunt ac Scirpus bispieatua, Roxb.,
et involuero saltern l-phjllo (folio pedicelloa fere tequante uneiam longo)
Tuadent : quandoquideni autem casu yel relate tantura involuorum deest.—

§ 8. Spieulii leretibus monoslachgit squamii dorao haud alte carinatis nee acu
minatit aut tonge miicrtmatig ariatatimx, aape oblusis umbellatii, urabella
aut timpUci, aut compoeila, el turn vera apiculis nan capitaiis, sed pcdicel-
latU cum central! iieasili. — Umbellarea.

a. Umbella rimpliei.
6, F.ftrrugiTtm (Vahl :) umbella brovi aimplici (vel rarissimc aubconiposi-

M iSClKPB^. Fiiii>Hi£TYi.w>

t&— Arn.) oligoitaobyn, spictUiB ovaJi-oblongis &cutie, squamis ovatifl acuttos-
culJB dorso supero Bericto-tomentosis fernigineis triandris, caiyopsi obovats
mar^nata subtUiterqne punctato-atriata matura fuses, involucro dipfajllo
stiicto itmbeUa breviote paulove lou^ove, culmo coDiprCBBO HubtrigoDore '
vi glauco, foliia conToIuto-lincatibus luargine spin uloso-c ilia tia ciUmo
brevioribus [cjuandoque subDulliB — Abn.], vaginis truncatia ferragineia i
listU. — ■ ; umbeUa Cri-bexastachya involucra bFcvjori, culmo obtuse tr
— F. femigines, Vaht. en. 2. p. 391. — Schmnus polymorplius, IbiUb. gr
97; R. ft Srh. t. V. 2. p. 132. — 0; lUubcUa mono-heiaatacliya involuoio
gioie.~Wight. ivt. n. 1B69.— F. femi^ca, Sieb.fl. Maur. u. n. 24 — F.
TCDsis, Fahl. m. 2. p. 291 ; R. et Sch. s. o. 2. p. 99.— Scirpus arveniiia, lb
oUerv. 4. jD, 1 1 (non Raxb.). — S. TmnqaebarienaU, Roth. eat. 3. p. 6 ; ruw.
»p. p. 29 ; R. el Seh. t. v. 2. p. 1 37. — y, Glomerata ; Bpiculis paucis aggli
ratig involucro diphjllo multo brevioribus, culmo compresso. — F
R. et Sch. *. V, 2. p. 100. — Scirpns BooaricDsi«, Pair. ene. mrfi.
£8. tmtachjTifl, Roxb.fi. Ind. l.p. 221; (erf WaU.) \. p. 22*; in eat. mere. ,

or.miM. fad. 1931. — Ahn.] ». Insula St Vinceutii; GvMding. — fi. In Per-'-

sula lod. or. ; Wight; Rattier ; Kteiit. In Ins. 8t Maurit. ; Sifiba: — y. "
in Maritimis. Bonaria;. Benghalia ; Rorbtirgh.

Species tomentulo squamarum et caryopal coofertim striolata, prinrnm
ba deiu fuBCa, bene distmcta. Var. y difierla communi forma culmo boDulio^'
iiTCgtilariter subangulato, glauccdinc, tum spiculin non umbcllatis, sed 4-7
aliis sessilibus, aliis brevigsimc pedicellatis viiluli in capitnlum collecli*, qu»
causa vidctur, ut involucrum (altenim ^, alEcrum 1 fere poUicem loQgum) sl-
Utudinem flonuu niagis minusvc NUpcrcL Spicuhnun aiitem at~ --•--

et leve tomentum onmino quale iu teliqtiis.

b. Umbtlta eim^xuita.

7. F. podocarpa (N. et Mey.:) nmbcUa (lomposita pauciiadiE
TadiJB mono-pen taatachyis, spiculis ovato-conicis, squamia mono-di-tii-ani
sabiotundis obtusis brcvisEime mucr-onutis, caiyopsi distincte stipitata ol
vata compreesa obtuse roarginata erenato-costiilata serie punctorum interii .
ta, culmis strlctifi comprcBEo-angTilatiB striatis iB-vibiis, foliis linearibus obtit«
BIB culmo brevioribus ^bria ciliatiave, involucro di-tetraphjilo, alteroumbel-
1am Guperante. — •;glaucB, foliis subtus marginequc puberolis, ladiis 2-3-
BtachviE. — li ; glabra, foliis minus g^laucescentibua parum ciliada in¥olnrai>
birsutia, radii* 1-2-BtachyiB.— IF^Ai. cat. n. 1870; Royk. cyp. n. 72. et 7' —
F. pilosa fl. Freal. rel. Haenk. 3. n. 191. — y ; major, foliia brevioribuB
vaginis pabeecentibuB, radiis 4'6-sta«byis, involucro tetrapbyllo, — R

n. 68. a. In China; Meytm. — S. In Manilla; Meyeit. Nepalia;

Peninsula Indiee orient. ; Wight. — y. In Nepalia ; Rnyk.

Structurom fructuB quod attinet, similis isti sola inter cognitas
cincfa (N. ab E. :) nnibclla subcompoeita pauciradiata contracta, radiis momi^
triatacbyis. spiculis ovatis, squamis monandris Bubrotundia, infimis brevi ' "
roucronulatis glabris, caryopsi obovata obtuse marginaia punctato-st
culmis filiformibus cnmprcsso-angiilatis striatis Buperne acaberrimis, foUis
gtiBtissime linearibus culnium subeequantibus, vaguiis involucrisifue diphyl
umbclln brevioribus glabris margine scabris.— F. marginnta, iV. ab B. ''" "'
herb. Maur. ii. n. 22 (non La BUI.).

8. F. ovalii (N. ab E. ;) umbella compcstta vel subcomposjta patnla brevi,
radiis 1-fi-stacbyis, spiculis ovalibus glabris, squamis triandris ovatis obtDSia
rufo-bnuineis uninervibus margine albis, caryopsi obovatasubsesrillalba con-
vexo-plana costata, costis approximatis crenulatis intctstitiia snbtitisume
trauBverEim striolatis, mar^ibus obtuse denticulatis, involucro dipbyQo um-
bella multo brcviare, foliis subradicalibus linearibus oblique ocutatis mareina-
tls supra piloBulis, vaginis Tillnso-sericeis, cubno gracili compresso stnato-
snguluto. — ■ ; minor, iimbeltn radiis l-2-8t«ehyi».— »Fi^(. rat. n. ISil.'-d ;

itracti^H

HiBTvtrs. SClHPEJi. 90

niqar, mnbeUw radiis 2-S-stAchyis. — Finibristylu, Wall. cat. n. 3603 et 3609.
— ScirpDS dichotomus, herb. Roab. (fide WaU.) — —Peninsula Ind. or.; Wight.

•6. Nepal, Silhot, Bcn^halla.

Siffert a f. podocarpa et rigidii(a fructii minore, nee Eubpedicellato, nee le-

tei Btriato sed costis Dovijm pnedito.

9. F. ngidula (N. at E. :) umliella coinposita patuk, radiia l-3-fl(>ris, spi-

liis ovBtis gilabiis nitidis castaneis, squaniis tdandris ovalis acutiuaculiB sub-
^iBtjime nervoso-lineatia, caiyopsi oboTata plano-convcxa pallida leviter
sniata tuberculisque sparsis exnsperata, iDVolucro dipliyUo altero umbellanL
subeequtLnte, culmo compressiuacuto sulcato, foliia Gubcadicalibus linearibua
obtusia,— JV, ab E. in Roylf. herb. n. 63^ GO, 74. — Fimbristjlis, WaU. oat. n.
3fil9. Nepalia; WaUich, Royle.

Similia F. arvensi, a qua differ! staminibus ternis, rec binis, et caryopd
pallida non sulcata aed leviter striata punctulisque elevatis exasperata, Ra-
diorum unue aut alter diaCaehyus, aut trietachyua. Variat culmo aliquot pol-
licum longituditie, basi bulboao. An var. F. arvengis?

rin eiamplifl meis earyopsia albida. sulcata haud tuberculata, sulcis suboan-
leflatifl, omnino ut in Wight, cat. n. 1873.— Ann.]

lOi F, Wigbtiana (N. ab B.:) umbella decomposita rotundala denso, um-
Whilis plunfloris compactiSi involucro diphyllo vunbella multo breviore, apir
cuSa ellipticis obtiisis glabris (parvis), sqiianiia arete imbricatis late ovatie
iBisBimia te.'^t.iii'is apicc membranaceo-randidia dorso subtiliaBime tiiner-
diandris, stjiti imberbi, caryopsi obovata plano-convexB fuaca tuberculia
parvis aspera, foliis linearibus obtusiusculis rigidis canalieulatiB glabris mar-
gine Bcabris culmo 1-1 ^ pedali basi sulcato-Angulato apice compresso brevio-
ribus. — Wight.cat. n. 1872.— b; umbella fere capitata. — Wight, ait. n, 1872.t.

— Peninsula Indiaa orientalis ; Klein ; Wight.

Pulcbra speciea, e notis adlatis facile distinguenda, niai cum Trieheiottyli
e^wiiJbHa, fugaci examine iostituto, composueriH. A F. Tnrresiana, Gau-
dicb.j jam eo differre videtur quod s!t Fi/nbrittglii, aeque mdKatyRn ! taceo-
tur etiam 1. c. folia et fructus ; nee culmua teres eat, aed Bulcatua.

d a vetosimilitei pertinet ^. «Mctu«, Hoxb. (in ccet.merc. J. o.mus.tab.
7fi6), habitu cbaraetecibuaque satis cougruena.— Arn.]

11. F. Royeniana (N. ab E. ;) umbella composita deoompositaque bre^i
deusa, umbellulis plurifloris radiolis patentibus, involucri diphylli foliolo al-
tero- umbella breviore paullore longioci, spieulis ovatia obtusia cum mucronu-
lo Htembranaccis palbde testaceis dorso tcnuissime trinervibus di-triandris,
csryopsi obovata basi ocutata obtuse marginata utrinque leviter quiuquetiOB-
tate Bulcis plania transvcrBim striatia, foliis anguBte linearibus obtusia culmo
compresso- trigone brevioribua mergine scabriuBCulis, vaginis infcrioribus la-
nuainosis. — • ; umbella pauclradiata contracta, culmo gcacili, vaginia glabrius-
enSs ore tantum pubescentibus. — Scirpus dichotoroua,"Aer6. Royeni. — S; um-
beUa magis patents ntnue composita triradiata, vag^is densius lanuginosis.

■Wight, eat. n. 1873? et 1874.— Fimbristylis, WaU. cat. n. 8505. c./.— y,
Mienttaehf/a J culmo ladiisque umbelles clongatis, spiculis ininoribu;, de-
miiiti ex obiango-laoceolatis semper triandris, caryopsialtius costata. — Wight.
«tf.-B. 1876.— P. glauea, Fahl. m. 2. p. 218 ; R. ft Sch. ». «. 2. y. m.—y, Pro-

eumtiens; culinia (2-4 poll, longis) proeumbentibus, Peninsula Indite or.;

Wight. Benghalia inferiorp ; Roxburgh. Ceylona.

Var. y figura spicularum aceedit ad F. diphi/llam, aed differt spiculis et prse-
aertim caryopai iiiinoribus. Involucrum inbacquandoqueurobcilamauperat.
Umbella atepe decomposita., radiis pluribus di-tnsLuflds, ! (in herb. Wighti-
buo) non differt, niai culmis ad liorizoiitem fexsiccatione et arte tantum —
Ann.] expansis ; radix in hoc uostro exiemplo constat c barba fibrarum lon-
gissimarum spongioso-mollium patcnti-luisutarum.

[Wsll. cat n, 3609. e, vel Wight, cat. n. 1873, liuc a Neesio ad var. p tra-

!«

SCIJtPE^.

FlHBHIBTTUU

hitur, qaanquam aciienium multo mtijus ct utriD(ju« S-costtalum sulcis speciaj
cancellatis ut in F. rigiduta et F. dlphyUa, a. qua dUTerc videtur ataniinibD *'
2-3. — Var. i solummodo di^oscitui culmo humiliore ; itaquc potiua ad ^ A
pellcnda.— S. diphyUue, Roxb. {S.fagctf, R. in imeI. mere. I. o, mus. tab. 7M
ad ^ accedit habitu onmibuaquc notis una taiituin excepta, carjopsi " e
brown," et in tab. piota Ibbti delincota, forsan per incuriam. — Abm.]

12. F. tomentota (Vahl:) nmbdla subdecompoaita contracta, s)>iculis x
tadiolia solitariis ovatis, gquamia acutis monandrisj caryopHi oaoce
mis angulatia sulcatis rlabiis, foliis lincaribus culmum subsqiiantibus pile
involucro tri-pentaphyllo, foUolo lino alterovo umbcUain BUpetonto tequantc
ve, invollueellis brevibus aetaccia.— Vidtl. ea. 2. p. 290 ; R, tt AVA, «. v ~

97. In India orientnli. In China, et in Manila ; Meyen. In Java in

Blume.

Apud Vahlinm, 1. c. pro " apice " certo legcndum " basi " (soil ctilmi) 2
3-phj'Jli. A F. eUtngata, R. Br., imprimis differt involucellia brevibua ct s^-^
lo npice nee basi ciliato. '

13. F. iApft;y//a (Vahl:) umbella decomposita laxa diver^nte, epiculis inl
ladiolia solitariis ovato-lanceoktia acutis, aquoinis acut!a monandris, caryof
obovata brevj cancellata, culmis angulatie sulcatis foljisque linearibus maq,.,
no aerfulato-BcabrJB glaucia curvisque glabris, snpeiiortbuE culmum eequaatu
btia, involucro di-tn-phjllo, foUolo uno umbellom aubsquante vel n ''
snperante, involucellis brevibua setaceis.— faA/. en. 2. p. 2efl ; Jl.et St
2.p.S7; Spr. s, n. 1. p. 201. — Scirpua diphyUua, i(eW. o6«. 5. p. 15 ;
*y.p/. l.p. 301.— S. miliaceua, iiftrfi.^. Ind. I. p. 227; («d. WaU.) \.p.2SU
— Plvk. 1. 199.,/'. 3. In India oricntali; Kitenig. In China; Mq/en.

Similima F. tomentosm (cujus fotsan varietas) differt : folijs glabris, i
tioritiUB, juxta basin culmi uno duobusve, maie'ine priesertim circa, apicem o{hj
tusum aerrulatis infimia sulcatis ; vaginis glabns, mcmbraua fusca hirtula ; u:
bellie radib pleriaque magia clongatis, longiori ultra-tri-pollicari, latiori'
spieulia longioribus, 3-4 lineanim ; squamia palide nee saturate fuscia, ci
viridi ; caryopsi obovata, magis comprcssa, matura lutcacente et dentque n
ca, in latere exteriori magisque couvexulo costia septem, i. ' ' ' '
pwedita, aulcia interjcctis aimplici aerie grosse punctatia porcatia tcnnino ci
lomologico. Dum caryopsia atatu imm ' '* "

tarum ad instai uitente vestita apparct
veraiin undatim sulcata baud male ca
jAvUua, Boxb. fl. Ind. longe diversa est

\_S. miiiaeeaii, Roib. (tab. piet. n. 7B
gettianam y repellcndua. — Ahn.]

5 3. Spieulig teeetibue cafnCalit. — Capitato.

14. F. aBucant (N. ab R. :) spiculLs capitatU oblongU, aquamia membn^l
naceis oblonais acutia menandrla, caryopsi obovata transverstm tuberculiitoo^a
undata, invoTucro di-tiiphyl1o capitulo subdupio longiore, foliis radicalibuft |
lincaribus obtutta planis recurvis eulmo compresao brcvioribue, culaieo nuUol.l
— Wight, cat. a. 1B77. Pcninaula India} oricntalia, >! 1

Dittincta a Fin^tristyli argentm : culmo ^-J ped. alto, sat lato, compreasof I
foliis lineam fere latis obtuaia ncc aubulatia.

rQuanquam non vidi Wall. L. n. 3482, satis certus sum lianc d
-A.,.]

16. F. argenlea (Vahl:) spicnlis capitatJs subcylindricis, squamis monaa^ I
dris-diandris ovatis aubmucronaCis dorao viridi- albican tibus trinervibua later)- |
bus e ferrn^neo pallescentibus, rhachi alveolata, carropai obovata sabtiliaaime
ttanaversim rimulosa lutcola, involucro tri-tctraphyllo capitulo triplo ealtem
lon^ore, foliis linearibus complicato-setaccis obhiBiusculis marginc scabris,
culmo trigono-compresao ban tantum folioso. — Vahl. en. 2. p. 204 ; R. el Sdn

!, pellicula alba Margan*
:.i;um voro id longitudtnem et tiaiir'
I cum Vohlio dcaciibus. Scirpm di
pccies. ' ..^

, sub 5, gtumerato), ccrtc ad F. R£'1

lespccieau I

FlUDAISTVLIS.

RCIRPEjI'..

1. 1). 2. p. 101 ; Wight, cat. n. 18~8. — Sc'upus moQander, Rollt. gram. p. SO. I.
/.S; Willd.t ip. pi. \.p. Sll.— 8. atgenleus, ffoirt./. /nrf. 1. p. 223; (ed.
rotf.) 1. p. 226 ; tn «c^ mere. Ind. or. ma*, tab. 754_Cex Arti.) ; WiM. *p.

pi. \.p. 311. — Ifiolepis, Wall. cat. n. 3183. In Peninsulre Ind. or. paaciiia

aienosifi, denso ctespite crcsccns, culmis pcrlphcricis Eursum inctuvis.

Est epecics distinctis^ima, aed synonjTais dubiis vexata. DiSbrt a F. albi-
amte cnhno humili, 1-6 poll, longo, foUis Migustioribus, spiculis longioribns,
sqiiamis flnnioribua dorsD vicidibua trinarvibus ad latua nervomm fuGCO-nifis,
c^Fca margincs pallidis, corjopsi cxi^a, fiire leyi. Stamen unum, nee plors
inieDi, idooquc S. argmitemn, Retzii, cum dubitatione adduxi. Singnkns est
iHrhillte stinctiira, (gure alveolis 5-angularibua profimdis membntnaceis pite-
dil^ ^t, ad fnicCua ample fovenda. Stjli bifidi subciliati bulbue crasGUS:

101 ^H

(s carinatas, fiepe eliani aeiilax, njiguliitig.
is umbellatia.

i, involucto bre-

§ 4- SpieulU propter squatnas altiii

IB. F. decora (N. et Mejen :) ambetla, compoeita, spiculis capltatis ovato-
oblongJB, s^uamis acatis triandris, st^lis bifidia, culmis stiiatis strigilos
bemSs, foliis culmo brevioribns acutie supra aigenteo-ap""-'" i->.ni.>«..
Tiesiino. In China; Meymt, Potts.

Smilta F. sericea, R. Br., a <jua difiert stylo bifido et foliui aupra nee subtua

b. Sjnealit umbellalim dUpoiitis.

17. ¥ .' palletcent (N. ab E. :) lunbella deoomposita et supcadec
iHTolucro d^hyllo breviori, spiculis (parvis) ovato-oblongis aeutiSj
ovatis obtusis cum mucioiiiilo pallide testaceia albo-marginatis mouandris,
catj-opsi obovata brevi utrinqiie quinque-costata sulcis transversim striatis,
fblita anguste Unearibus acuminatia iavoluoriaque acabria aut pubeacenti-to-
inentoais incanis. — a ; fuliis inTolucrisque Tillosis, culmo hirto. — Wight, cat.
». 1879.— Finibriatjiis, Faff. call. b. 3616. b, 3516. fi.— Scicpus dichotorauaj
itottb. gr. p. 67. (. 13./ 1.— S. dichotomus (3. villoBa, H. el Sch. s. v. 2. p. 93. —
8. bisumbeHatus, Fortk. dixcr. p. 15. — S. palleacena, Roai.fl. Ind. 1. p. T""
(erf. Wall.) 1. p. 233.— e ; foliis inTolactisque scabris aut omnino glabria.-
dichotoma, Vahl. en. 3. p. 2S7 ; R. et Sch. a. v. 2. p. 95 ; N. ab E. in herb.
Ifygle. n, 45-47. — Scirpua dicbotomous, it>in. Ifl. Z^l. p. 40. — ■y ; culmo al-
tiqie, foliis spannm villoBulis, umbeljn niagis composita et divaricata. — H%A(.

eat. n. 1879. 6. — F. didiotoma, N. ab. E. in herb. Royle. Peninsula Ind.

or. ; Roxburgh; Rottter ; Wight. Benghalia inf. et Nepola; WaUich; Ragle.

SjDonyma, que aupra attiiB ccrtiora existimo, Linnaeana omnia n
me incerta. E flora Ccylanica vidi exemplum herb. Rojeui, i
lUHOiDe inacripto, et prolmbilitci: a Ljnnseo olim comprobatum, quod diverse
eat spetsiA, ejuaque ad F. diphyllam, Vahl., propius accedcnlia sed, quod ad
foictum attlnet, Fimbriityli tomentotai piopinquioria. Icon Pluken. t. 119.
t. 3, quam io sp. pL 1. p. 74. solam hujiLS apcciei testem adbibct Linneeus, in
fonuBs quaEdam F. diphgllre cungTult, ininiine autem in noatram. Haud im-
pnibabile i^tui yidetiir, LinniBum F. difdtyUam potiua aut fonnam magia ex-
plicatam F. RoyeiiiaiuE nostne, quam ejus, qUEB hodie dichotoma appcllari
aolet, hoc noniiae EubiutcUuxiase.

\_S. bremfolius, Roxb. (tab. pict. 766 sub S. avlvmnaH,) hue referri debet :
at S. polleiceia, Roxb. (tab. pict. 763), multo magia dubius ob squamaa obtu-
sas et, ex tabula, mtnime ntucronaCas, offinior vidctur F. diphyUee. — Arn.J

IS. F. dichotoma (Vahl :) umbella suboompo^ta ladiis tortuoso-dlver?eiiC
hnB, involucco di-triphyllo anguato umbella breviori, spiculis oyato-oblongiK
(mediociibus), squamis oratis patulo-acutis eatinatis dorso trinervibua latere
Intua monandris, caryopsi oborata Ifcrissinaa, foliis lineari-filiformibna cidmo

102 SCIRPEiE. FlMBEISTYLIS.

brevioribus involucrisque pubescentibus. — Fahl. en. 2. p. 287 (var. «.) ; R, et
Sch. s, V, 2. p, 95 ; Link. h. Ber. 1. p. 290. — Fimbristylis, WaU. cat. n. 3616. a

(ex parte). In Nepalia ; Wallich,

Similis est Fimhristyli ptibescenti, sed abunde diversa caryopsi longiori
(ratione latitudinis habita) brevissimaque, nee costata^ umbella minus com-
posita^ et singnlari modo quasi torsione quodam radiorum patens atque de>
pressa. A nostratc F. dichotoma, heeece differt caryopsi vel sub fortissima
lente laevi, nee omnino striata. An species distincta ? An F. astivulis Y&t.
spiculis majoribus squamisque minus cuspidatis ?

19. F. astivdlU (Vahl:) umbella composita subdecompositaque radiis stric-
tis plurifloris, spiculis ovato-oblongis acutis, squamis ovatis mucronato-acu-
niinatis arista recurva uninervibus monandris, caryopsi obovata biconvexa !»-
vi pallida^ involucri 2-6-phylli foliolis tribus umbella longioribus, involucellis
fpliisque lineari-setaceis culmum subsequantibus spiculisque viUosis^ culmo
humili compresso-angulato. — Vahl. en, 2. p. 2SS ; R. et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 596;
Wight, cat. n. 1880. — Fimbristylis, WaU. cat. n. 3616. a (ex parte), 3617. e. —
Scirpus aestivalis, Retz. obs. 4. p. 12 ; WiUd. sp.pl.l. p. 398 ; Rowb.fl. Ind. 1.

p. 227; {ed. Wall.) l.p. 230 (excl. observ. Wall.). Peninsula Ind. or. Cey-

lona. Nepalia ; Roxburgh. Ripa Irawaddi, WaUwh.

20. F. comata (N. ab £. :) umbella simplici oligostachya involucre diphyl-
lo basi scarioso nirtoque longiori, spiculis oblongis glabris, squamis ovatis
aristato-acuminatis acumine recurvo dorso tnnervibus monandris, stylo ad-
hserente, canropsi obovata kcvi a pericarpio a basi sursum in fibras soluto ca-
lyptrata, foliis nliformibus culmo brevioribus, vaginis birtis, culmo hupaili com-
presso-angulato. — Isolepis, WaU. cat. n. 3479, c. — Scirpus aestivalis, Wallich
in observ. ad speciem hujus nominis in Roxb.fl. Ind. or. (ed. WaM.) 1. p. 230,
—In Bengbalia inferiore ; Nepalia ; Sillet ; WailUih. Patna et Salpighum ;
Hamilton.

Distinctissima est species, facilique negotio ab antecedente distinguenda.
Culmi bumiliores, folia et involucra sunt breviora, umbella 3-4H9tachya, spi-
culis 2-3 pedunculatis mediaque sessili. Stylus basi incrassatus, cum peri*
carpio arctius conjunctus ejusdemque fibris quasi retentus, supeme pilosulus,
breviori spatio bindus.

21. F. scaberrima (N. ab E. :) umbella decomposita et supradecomposita
involucro diphyllo breviori, spiculis (parvis) ovalibus |)aucifloris, squamis t^i-
andris ovatis obtusis submucronatis alte carinatis carina subtiUter nervoso-
striata lateribus membranaceis luteo-nebulosis, foliis long^ linearibus planis
obtusis glaucis margine facieque apicem versus scaberrimis, culmo compresso
ancipiti latere altero piano uninervi mamne scaberrimo. — Fimbristylis, Wal^.

eat. n. 3607. In Silbet; WaUieh. Peninsula Ind. or. Heyne. Mauritii

ins.; Telfair.

Species bsec primo intuitu persimilis esse videtur Trirhelostyli comjplanat^
sed differt non modo stylo (ultra medium) bifido, sed etiam forma spicula*
rum atque squamaram florantium, foliis involucrisque longioribus, illis culmum
(pedalem) eequantibus, &cie apicem versus scaberrimis magisque glaucis^ turn
culmi maiginibus scindentibus scaberrimis nee Iseviusculis.

VI. TRICHELOSTYLIS. Lestiboudds ; N. et Mey.
§ 1. Spicula solitaria, terminali.

1. T. filiformis (N. ab E. :) culmo filiformi striato, vagina baseos aphvlla
oblique truncata, spicules lanceolatse squamis ovalibus obtusis dorso stnatis
duabus intimis majoribus, caryopsi obovata tubercukta. — Isolepis, WeUl. cat.
11.3488. 6. Singapur; WaUich.

FimbriHylin acuminatam inter Trichelostyles refert, sed habitu onmiiio re-
cedit ab hac et a reliquis, presertim quod ad squamas spicules attinet.

[

, Spk-alk umbellatia, radioHa extremu i-li^taehgiti, spifulit taternlibui dii-
tincte pedieeHali".
a. Cultim oampreiac, aut aneipili, aul trisona.

2. T. Ceneila (N. ab E. ;) culmo filiformi angulato compreseiusculo, uiiibel-
i& aubcomposila radiis tri-di-monostachyis, Epiculis ovato-oblongis media m-
diorum aessili lateralibus longe pcdunculatis patentibus, squamia ovatia acu-
tia cam mucronulo carinatis glanduloso-punctatis brunneis carina viridi tri-
nervi, caryopsi obovata obtuse trigona grosse tuberculata alba, involucro di-
triphyllo umbella niulto breviore, foliis lineari-filifonnibiis ciilmoque apice
Bcahm.~Wighl. cat. n. 1881.— Sciipus teocUus, Roxh.fi. Ind. J. p. 226; (ed.
IFitU.) 1. p. 237. PeniuBnla India; orientalis; Roxburgh; Klein; Wight

Proxins T. scabrie, Bed differt gracilitatej Epiculis brevioribua, aliisque

3. T. acobra (N. ab E. :) culmo trigono striato eubcompresao, umbelU sub-
composita, spiculis laiiceoIuto-obloDgia geminis teiniave longe pcdicetlalis pSi-
tentusimifi num intenuedia sesNili, aquamis oTatis obtusis cuin mucrone gla-
bris cBstaneiS] can'opsi obovata obtuse trigona obaoiete striata punctulataquej
iDTolucello diphyUo umbella breviore foliisque liiieari-falcaCis obtusis Bcuber-
rimia.— iV. ab E. in herb. Cyp. Royl. n. 44. Nepalia.

Similis Tr. ntttumnali, a qua differt : culmo altiori pedali circiler, trigono
noc multum compressOj spiciiUs majoribus obscure caetaneis magis patenti-
bus, Bquamia latioribua obtnsis, foliis valde ficabiis submatgiuatia dimidii fece
cnlmi loDgitudine. Fimbristytin dichotomam refert; hcec autem differe stylo
bifido, nee trifido.

4. T. eompianata (N. ab E.:) involucro dipbyllo umbella aupradecomposi-
ta divergent breviore eamve euba^quatite foliisque platijs ubtusissimis, caty-
opsi obiter punctata alba, stipite cyathiformi eziguo luteo. — a; involacri ui-
lio altero unbellam lequante.— Scirpua complauatus, Vafil. en. 2. p. 279 ; R.
etSdt.t.v. 2. p. 119; mant.Z.p. 56 {sub FimbriatjL autumnali). — 0; invo-
luori \am alterove folio umbeUam superante. — Fimbristylis, Wait, eat, tt. 3526.
f. — F. eompianata. Link. hoH. Rer. 1. p. 292 (exel. pleriaquo Bynon.) — Isole-
pia WilldenoTii, R. e( SfJt. g. tt. 2. p. 120.— Scirpus aneeps, WiUd. Btrl. mag.
2, p. 288. (. 8./. 2.— Cyperus compknatus, WilU. gp. pi. 1. p. 270 (excl. ayn.
Relx.) — y; involucni umbella breviore-(l); spiculia pauoifloris. — Wight, eat.
n. 1882.— Fimbristylis, Waa. cat. n. 3622 et 3626.— F. autumualia uor Indica,
Jloti. tUK. up. pi. 1. p. 26. — Scirpus complanatus Setts, obii. 6. p. 14; Rojrb.
fi. Iwi.\. p. 228 ; (erf WaU.) 1, p. 2.33 [eicl. syn. FoW.) ; in eml. mere. Ind.
or. mag. tab. 760 (fide Am.) — y 2 ; apiculis multifloris.— (FigAf. eat. n. 1882.

i. Crescunt var. a ety in Peninsula Ind, or. ; Koenig; Roxburgh; Heyne;

Klein; Wight. Sunderbun ; Nepal; Ava,;Silhet; WaUich.—H'iaiavaiDmi-
^a. — y in C^p. b. ap. ; Ec/elon. China ; Meyen ; VackeU. Acrai ; Don. Ba-
hiw; Saixrnann.

Ail species plures liic latent, denique diatinguendfe ? Nostris omnibua in-
volacrum est umbetla duplo brevius, olitusissimum. Stylus trifldus, altero
ismulo bieviori. Dcscriptio Rothiana, nd stigma usque, quod bifidum de-
Bcripsit, forte neglecto ramulo mtnore, ^curatisaima est. Caryopsis non fla-
vida est, scd alba, neque tranaversim rugosa, sed punctulata, et circa verti-
cem obtusissimum tuberculata, basi contracta ct disco brevisaime stipitato,
margine anuto, a postico latere magis piominente luteo imposita. T.aufum-
vaUt describenda : involucro dipliyllo umbella composita pauciflora brevioic
foUisque acutis, earyopsi Icevi lutesccnte angulis obtusis discretis.

6, T. miliacea (N. ab E. :) involucro involuoellisque diphyllia aetaceia bre-
vtbus basi vaginantibua, umbella supradecomposita subverticillata, spiculia
Babglobosis, oiilino basi quadrangulari apice compresso ancipiti foliieque li-

104

aciBPEJi.

Tbiuhulubtyuk I

QetLri-CDBifonnibus Bcuminatis e;li>l'fis, caryopsi ubovata subtrigoni
ttansvecsim Btriolnto, uroeolo bypugjmo diacoideo. — Wight, col. n. 1883<r1^
Fimbristjlu, mUl. ail. u. 3G0O (cxcl, o.) ef WZl.— F. miliacea, VahLen-i
;>. 2S7 ; R.et Sek. ». c. 2. p. 03; mant. %. p. 63 (ezcl. flyn. IttMb.), et p. 47Al_
fnant. S.p.530; Spr. *y»t. 1. p. 202 ; Zthtk. k. Ber. I. p. 292.— K. Bengbalonrii^

a~ *t Seh. «. f. 2. p. 91 ; m«u(. 3. p. fiSO. Scirpus miliaceus, RUIb. griHt, ■

p. 57 n.77. I. B.f. 2; Lma. »p. pi. p. 72 ; WiUd. ap. pi. 1. p. 306 ; Burm.J^

Ind- 22. ;). 22. /, 2.^. Bcnghalensis, Pera. tyn. 1. p. 68.— S. tetr^on

Pair. mc. meth. 5. p. C67 ; *'w'. 5. p. 81 ; il. rf StA. ». v. 2. p. 138 ; Sieb. j

M(iaf.n.26; iio*6.^. /nd. l.p. 228; (erf. B'aH.) 1. p. 382.— ^; mi

Ilia culmum 4r-6--polIicnirem superautibas, mnbclla minore minusque ci

ta. — y; dcpaupecata, umbella oligoatachya, involucro aaape monophyllo i .

bella longiore, culino humili. Id Ind. orient, pascuis humidia. In Peni

Bula, Oongachofa, Silliet, Ava, Nepal. In Ceylona; Sw

la Manila inHylvishuinidie; Meyen. In Java insula; Bhrne. Cliina; 3I<^

en. In Madi^iascar circa Monplaiair; Aub. de Petit Thoaari.

Descriptioaes Poirotiana el Uoxbuigtiianu elegantissims. Kottbo
cnlmi non nini Bummitatcm pinguns, prorsusquo parte inferioce plants ct
carinam mcdiata, in aXUita cu^i parte eTidentiorcm, angulunt esse te
pressione coniplanatum csutimavit ct culmum triquetrum descripait, qui q
dum fons omnium crrorum, qui Beiiati tempore hanc spcciem vexavere. \e
RottboglUana nixlum eolfit: " SUuuina triu, ct stigmatn duo" vorbiB, i
&g\ua expressa sunt. Monandmm nos Eeiiipcr, Roxburgbius etiam diandt
repent. Stigmata adaunt tria.

XSnirpum tetragoitum, Rtixh., ax parte ad T. miliaeeam, ex parte oAT.i
tragtmam pcrtinere facile patet tarn ex deGcriptione sua quam ex tabula plfi
(in ctet. mere. Ind. or. raus. n. 761) ; ncc fere uUum descrimen inter ia '
species indicare posnun : in una ct altera folia di^ticba et ensiformia, c
apbyllus Ta^inatus et acute tetr^onus; in hac tamen culmi apex ti
Sim sectus Gguram apud matbcmaticos quadram dictam, in ilia riiombnm «
bibet; rhombus autem in nonnuUis eiemplia ad quadram ita valde ai
nt hoc vix ex juBBu naturas descrimen cat. — Ahn.]

:t, iispe aphfUo out faliit ut^ii ni

6. T. tetragona (N. ab E. ;) culmo bosi apbyllo pmfimdc quadmngulari ■
puIiB aeutiaaimis, urabclla oomposita decompositaque patula, spiculis subgl
bosia, fl< . . . . f.

taUide ti

i, BquamJB ovatiji obtnsis membranaceia elabria pailide testaceis, curyo]
subglobosa obtuse trigona acabra alba, involucro involucelliaque dipbyUu.
baai ovata menibranacca aetaceia umbella umbelluliaque brevioribus, fofiis n
dtcalibns anpuate ensiformibus diatichia culmum eequantibus Euperantjbui
UovibuSj vagma ad basin culmi aphylla. — Wight, cat. n. 1833, b.- — Seiiji — '
tra^DUB, Roxb.^. Iiid. l.p. 228; {ed (TaW.) 1. p. 232 ; Wall. cat. n. 31
— 8 ; euimo folils duplo breviore. — N. ab E, in herb. Cyp. Royle. n. 6i
cxigua, ciilmo vix aemipollicari foliis multo breviori, spiculis paiicis in

apicc BubcapitiLtis involucro brevioriliuH. Peninsula Ind. or. ; Wigbt,

bet ; Wailich. Nepal ; Royle. Qongacbora ; Hamilton.

CulmuB per ae apbyllus, infeme vo^nis longis membranaccia vestitua.
lia equitanlia, disticha, ensiformia, lineari-attenuata, kcvia. Vaginie m
ac membtanacea) valde comprcsBffi. Pecsimilis cat T. quinquangvlan ; I

7. T. fainquangjilori* (N. ab E. :) cutmo profunde quia qua ngulari, u
la compoaita decomposilaque patcntc, radiia lon^oribus deraum mutentibii
Bpicitlis ovalibua, st^uamia monanilria ovatis obtnsis nmeconatia glahris ntfo^
femigineis, earyopsi pnrva obovata lubtrigona lutcsconte ttanavcrsjm paral-

marpne scabra cnlmum aubsqnantibus. — Scirpus qniDquan|nilani.~~fiBM.

TmoHSLoaTYLis. 8CIHPEA;. IM

tn.2.p.Z;9;H.et&,h.a.v.2.p. 1«; ltoaA.?fl.Ind.l.p.i29;(ed. Wall.)
i. p. 233.— S, pentagonua, Bo.Tb. in art. mere. Ind. or. rnus. lab. 762 '" '
.4™,)— 8, plantagincus, Soxb. ex Wall. cat. n. 3513, a. — « ; umbella m
compOEtts. — JV. aft E. in herb. Royle. n. 43. — ^ ; wmbella decorapoaita pa-
tente. — AT. ab E. in herb. Royk. n. Ifi" ; Wight, cat. n. 1884,— rimbriaty lis,
Wnll. eat. n. 3512, c, d. — ■ et ^ in Nepalia ; Hoyfa.— ;! Peninsula India orient. ;
Saxburgh; Wight. Bengliala inferioci ; WaUieli.

8> T. penlaptera (N. ab B. :) culmo pcofundc quisquangulari hitsuto, in-
votucris uivuliicellisque bievibus scariosia aiistatis hirtis, nmbella subdecom-
posita, spiculis BqiiainisqUG fuscia li^dulia ovatis acutis, staminibus tcnus,

Caryopsi obovato-ttigflnn tubecculalo-o^era ; foliia Cejlona;

Macme.

Differt a Tr. angulari et euTvifoiia, Schrad., turn a Se. quinquangulari,
Valll., ct pentagona, Boxb., hirsutie ct involucroram.

9. T- nalbwndia (N. ab S.:) culmo profunde quinquangulacl glabro, idvo-
IqctO umbcUa multo breviori subukto fofiolia basi involucellisqne scarioao-
marginatig, umbella decampositn ovatn, spicuUs ellipticis, aquamia u-vatia ob-
tilsia doreo trinervibiis imtr^oe membranaceia colomtis, staminibus temiB, ca-
TTopei tnmcato-obovata obtuse carinata Eubtilitei pUDCtato-sttiata sui
nne in arobitu tuberculata, foliis nuilis, — Fimbristylis, Wall. cat. n. 34L„. ^.

S626.-^Scirpu8 aalbundins, Hamilt. Burrisoil et Munghir; Hamilloa.

Taonff Dong, Nepalia, etSilhet; WalHch.

tKnert a Tr. peiilagonaf culmo profunde quinquangulaii nee obiter pen-
tagono, ct flocibna triandriaj a TV {Seirpo) qainquangiilari, VabL, magnitu-
^ne vis diinidia, Taginis aphj-Uia, etc.

10. T, globulosa (N. ab E. :) umbella simplici semicompoaitaqne involucro
aabtettaphyllo obCuso multo longiori, apiculis aolitariia oYato-subgloboals,
aqnamis ovatia obtiisU Bubmucronalis, culmo teretiusculo aphjllo basi vagi-
ntto.— Sciijus globulosus, Fahl. m. 2. p. 277 ; Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 301. ~-lso-
lepia globulosa, R. et Sch. «. v. 2. p. 119,— Fimbristylis umbellata, Fahl. en.
2. p. 201; Ji. et Sch. s, v.Z. p. 9Q.— 8. viaheWaiis, Lam. iliust. gen. l.p. 141.
— '--'Oeylona ; Macrae.

In noatta caryopsia oboTata, brevis tuberculis seriatis aspera, nee teyis, t
stytas triildus.

f Hnio valde affinis est Sc. pentngrmus, Roxb. (tab. pict. 746, aab S. dieho-
tomo), in quo nmbella siibcomposita d-12-atacliya tadiis splculas subteniaa
ovatas gcroutibus, culmns aphjUus basi vaginatus, ac folia nulla. — A rn.]

5 3. Capitatm aul tnhcapitata, apieulU in radintis sfxsUibui ant saltern brevfa-

,,, time pedieellatii, 3~S, capiivlum exhibentHni^, teretibut, magutculit, calmo

^j^lrigono aut semitereti compretao,/oliii rigidii obtiiHs curvit aut torlis,pk-

ii,\\i- iriaque radiealibua.

11. T. torta (N. ab E. :) involuero di-triphyllo e basi inembranaeea lineari
ohtuao umbella decomposita biradiota laxiuscula multo bcevioce, culmo aul-
cato-aBgulato compressiusculo foliisque linearibus recurvia ex. apice rotunda-
to roucronatia concoloribus cigidulis contortia, spiculis temis sesailibus aut
treVipcdicellutiB oblongis, squamiH obtusis glabris rufo-fiiscia undique albo
marginatis triandria, caryopai obovata trigona alba tuberculata, rhizomate

ciasao tepente fibroao iibris flugeUaribna. — Wight, cat. n. 1885. Peninsula

InduB onentalis ; Wight ; Rotthr.

<Juod ad habitum aceedit Tr. juneiformi, N. ab E., a (jua diffect apiculis
multiflonfi duplo et tdplo majoiibua involncelliaque e basi latiuscula setaceis,
nac squamis apicul.TTom oonformibua. Kadicem si apectas et spiculas, pro-
pinquioiem existimabis Tr.ehatorrhixte, N.abE. Sed nostrse culmus(scQi'
p«duliB circiter) iitegnlariter angulatus est, nee trigonus, folia ladota sun

106 SClRPEiE. Trichblosttles.

involucra breriora, spiculse majores^ umbellsB radii ^7 lin* longi^ j^raciliores
et patuli^ alter tristachyus^ alter 4-5-8tach jus^ spictuiB binis scssiliboB^ Imius
temisve radiolo brevissimo sublatis. Caryopsis omDino ut in Tr, cfuBtorrhiza.
[In exemplo altero herb. Wight. culmuB phisquam pedalis^ umbella fere
duos pollices longa^ spiculse subquinse omnes centrali excepta longiuscule pe-
dicellata;. — A bn.]

12. T. efuBtorrhiza (N. ab E. :) involucre di-triphyllo e basi membranacea
gubulato umbella dccomposita erecta stricta multo breviori^ culmo compregso-
trigono stricto^ foliis anguste linearibus recurviB obtusis culmo breviorlbus
concoloribuS; spiculis subcapitatis ovatis^ squamis obtuse carinatis acutiuscu-
lis Iseyibm} fuscescentibus, carjopsi obovata trigona alba tuberculata^ rhizo-
mate crasso repente fibroso. — * ; culmo distincte trigono. — N. ab E. in herb,

Royle, n. 41. — /3; culmo magis compresso. — Wight, cat. n. 1886. « In Ne-

paUa. — (i In Peninsula Indise or. ; Wight.

Affinis Tr. obtvMfolia. Stylus est trifidus. Spiculae in radiis simpliciter
aut composite fasciculato-umbellatse, brevissime pedicellate. Var. /S nescio
an potius cum Tr. kUi/olia sit conjungenda.

13. T. lati/olia (N. ab E. :) involucro 2-d-phjllo subulato umbella dccom-
posita contracta laxiuscula multo breviori^ culmo sulcato-angulato supeme
compresso gracilis foliis lato-linearibus obtusis margine parum scabris glauciB
contortis^ spiculis capitatis temis quinisre ovatis angulatis^ squamis ovatis ob-
tusis fuscis maigine omni membranaceis carinatis subtilissime exasperatis^

stylo basi bulboso glabro^ ovario trigono. — Wight, cat. n. 1887. Peninsula

Ind. or. ; Wight.

Difiert a Tr. junci/ormi foliis latioribus, brevioribus^ |-^polL longis^ line-
am latis^ valde contortis elaucis> caeterum^ ut illius folia^ subtus cum vaginis
sois confertim striatis^ cuhno et tmibeUse radiis gracilioribus^ spiculis angula-
tM, quandoque compressis plurifloris^ e squamis trispiris (9-15) latioribus ob-
scunus fiiscis carina autem omnique mars^ine latius pallidis setulis exi|^ non
nisi sub bona lente distinguendis appressis scabris et nonnihil micantibos^ in-
volucellis e basi ovata setaceo-aristatis.

14. T.Junei/ormis (N. ab E. :) involucro di-tetraphyllo ebasi latiori subu-
lata umbella decomposita erecta stricta duplo breviore^ culmo tereti-compres-
so sulcato^ foliis linearibus recurvis obtusis culmo brevioribus concolonbns,
spiculis capitatis temis ovatis paucifloris, capitulis globosis bracteis duabus
s^uamiformibus sufiiiltis^ sc^uamis ovatb acutiusculis brunneis leevibus mar-
gme pallidioribus^ stylo basi bulboso^ supeme scabro^ ovario tri^no glabro^
culmo basi bulboso. — N. ab E. in herb. Royle. n. 54. — Fimbris^lis^ Wall, cat,

n. 0620, a. Nepalia; Royle; WaUich. Ad ripas Irawaddi fluminis; Wal-

lich.

Simillima Tr. chijetorrhizce ; diffcrt autem^ culmo baud trigono, sed e tereti
compressor basi bulboso, foliis latioribus, spiculis in capitula densa bibrac-
teata tematim compactis, d-5-floris, squamis carina pamm viridibiis, csete-
rum fermgineis, margine multo angustiori spatia albidis. An utr»que con-
judgendser

[Exemplum meum Wall. n. 3520, a, vix hujus loci, vel saltem character!
supra dato baud convenit ; illi umbella laxiuscula decomposita, spiculis la-
teralibus graciliter pediceUatis baud in capitula globosa aggregatis, et culmus
compressus. — ^Abn.J

VIII. ISOLEPIS. R. Br.
§ 1. Lateriflora.

1. I. squarroBa (Vahl. :) culmo fasciculato compresso-subquadrangulari
basi unifolio vagina laxa, folio vagina breviori lineari complicato-subulato
striate, spiculis ^-4-nis sessilibus ovatis, squamis e basi membranacea obo-

IsoiEns. SCIIiPE*.

Tata loDge subulatis subula recurva scvabco, stylo breviBeimo trifido, caxyopA
ftbloDgR trigonn Ueri, invnlucro dipliyllo e liaai dilatata sabuiato altero capi-
tiib longiore culraum mibcoDtiDuante. — ralii. en. 2. p. 259; R. et Sch. s.c. 2.
p. Ill; WiffltLcat. n. ISS8. — Isolepis, (Ta/f.mt.Ti. 3477-— Scirpua squanosuB,
Linn, tttant. p. 161 ; Roitti. gram. p. 4a. /. 1:. /. S; Wiltd. tp. pi. 1. p. 308 ■
Roxb.Jl. Tiid. 1. p. 222 ; (ed. R'all.) 1. p. 224 ; ia amt. mere. Ind. or. mia. tab.
761 (ai vlrii.).— Scirpus cbinensis, Otlieck. Ker, p. 220. — Rheed. Mai. ] 2. t. 98
(m cadcm tabula cum 36 et 37 ; tab. 3&, a. WUldKuOTio eitats, Filia: est) ; Pluk.
t- 60. /. 6.— B ; spjculis majoribuE, oblongo-cylindricis. — Wight, cat. n. 1S86,
6. — Wait. cat. n. 3^78.^ — —In pasimis atenosis siccis Peninsuto Indiee orionL^
SaaAurgh; Wight.

E^cciea inter omnes dlstinctisaima sqiianiis obovato-cunentis aiiatal
pidatis. Hand immerito Lipocarplux couiparat banc apeciem cl. Vnhl : at
■vero et ego aqiiamulas interiores frustra qutesivi. Stylus breyissimua ab Iiole-
pidibiu est abeniis.

2. I, Roy!ei (N. ab E.;) spicis ad speclcm lateralibus sggregatis sessilibuB
ovatis, aquamis ovatis muctonato-acutia soarioais sub fnictu erectU, folio in-
Yoluciali culmum continuontc erecto elongato teretiuEculo articulato-nodoso,
infeto nulio, caryopsi obovato-trigona uiidiqiie tcansvetsim imdato-cugoaa
atia niMnte, culmo subCcieti glauco bosi yaginatOj vagina oblique tnincata

aphyllft.— iV, ab E. in /uirb. Rogle, n. 48. Nepalia; Royte.

Sunillima omnino I. btpvliruE, sed diffeit eTidentissime parte involucraS
culmi capitulum laterale superante distinctissinie articulalo-nodosa, intersti-
tiia feco aemipollicaribua et squamis fcuctuum baud patentibus.

5, I, luputitut (N. ab E. ;) spicia ad speejem laferalibus 3-6 ag^regatis sea-
I^UbiiH ovalibus, scjuamis ovatis mucronato-acutia acariosis sub frnctu patently
bus, folio involucrali culmum continuante eteoto elongato compieeso-oanali-
Cnlato, intero nulio, caryopsi obovata Ciigona undique intenupte rugosa atn
nitente, culmo tereti-corapresso basi -vaginato, vagina oblique tnmcata (in
ndHtris) aphylla. — ,V. ab. E. i» herb. Rogte. n. 31, — —Nepalia ; Royle.

I. »upijue et commtilatiB, herb. Lindl., similis. Bed diatincta apiculia sim'^li-
citer ag^egatis, 4-S lin.'lon^s, tempore maturi fructus recto ang^lo patenCi-
bua pwUde ferrugineis scarioais. Involucri folium tcrminans baud raro cul-
mum aaquat, per ee 1-4 poll, altum. Radix fibrosa.

4. I. letanea (R. Br.:) culmis foaciculatis teretiusculis setaoeis basi unifo-
Ine, spiculia 1-2 nvatia involucri BubdipbjUialterofbliotobrevtoribus, aquamis
membranaceia ovatia articulatia supemc vcnuloais 2-aDdris, caryopai obovala
oonvesa longitudinalitcr (7— 11-) costata inCerstitiia transversim atriotiB, stylo
proftmde triBdo, radice fibrosa. — Br. prodr. ft. nov. ffoU. 1. p. 222. — Scitpus
setaceus, Linn, sp.pl. 1. p. 33; Smith. ft. Brit. 1. p. 5i; Engl. hot. t. 1693;
S^rad.jl. Qerm. 1. p. 137 ; Hoel. gram. Auttr. 3. p. 44. t. 65. — ^,fu»cula!
culmis atrictiusculis 1-1^ poll, lougis, aquamis saturate castaneo-fuacia, ca-
rina viridi, caryopsi 7-costata. — N. oft E. in Cgp. Royl. n. 63. fl. In Ne-
palia; Itoyle.

Btylus profunde trifidus (nee bifidus, ut babet Linkius), scilicet: bifidua,
altero ramo bipartito.

G. I. svpiim (R. Br.:) culmis iasciculatis obtuse trigonis validiuaculis {^-l-
pedalibus) basi unifoliis foliolo bievi lincari-canaliculato, epiculis ad speciem
lateiHlibna simpliciter compositeve glomeratis ovato-obloDgia pallidis, squmnis
alte carinatis ovatis acuminatJB, caryopsi obovato-tiigona tranaversim undu-
Jato-rugosa nigra pallidave, involucro diphyllo, folio altcio culmum continu-
ante erecto longisaimo trigono-complicato, altero inferiore apiculis breviore. —
«; fruetu nigro, foliis distinctia. — Wight cat. n. 1889. — laolepis supina, Br.
prod.ji. now. HnU. 1. p. 221 ; Fahl. rni. 2. p. 2B7 ; LijUe. h. Ber. 1. p. 284.—
Scirpus EUpinua, Linn.; WHId. gp. pi. 1. p. 299; Schrad.ft. Germ. I. p. 38.
t. l.f. 1 ; Heat. gr. AvHr. 3. t. 64 ; RwA. fi. Ind. 1. p. 217 ; («(. WaU.) 1.

'*»H«^H

lOB SCIRPE^. Ji

p. 218 ; in cat. mere. I. o. m««. lab. 1B33. (fide Am.)—S. kteralis, fief*, abt. 4.
p.l2;et 6. p. 16 ; Wall. eat. n. 3469, a. — iS ; fructu lagto, vagiuia ob kmioam
bceviffiimam subaphylliH.— ffij^U. cat. n, 1889, b,- W^l. oat. n. 3461, H 3468
(ex parte). — y, letieotperma ; caiyopsi alba. — N. ob E. in kerb. Royk. n. fift^ ■

t. 71. Peninsula Ind. or.; Klein; Heyne ; Wight. Bcnghalia infeiiM'

Roxburgh; WaUieh. Silliot; Wallich. — y. In Nupalia; Royk.

6, I. eorymboia (Rotb. :) culmo compreaso (?) vagina baseos apbylla,
cutis ad spcciem latcralibus cotymbciGis ovatis parvis, squamif ovatis si
mucronulatis flavo-fiiecoque vaiiia carioa viridi, involucre communi
pbyllo culmum contbuante erccto terotiusculo corymbo paulo breviarij
tialibus scariosis. — Scirpiu cor^bosua, Heyne in Roth. nov. tp. pl.p. 28.
Es India oricnUli misit Heyne.

7. I. prolangata (N. ab £. :) spiculis ovatis ovatovc oblongis teretibns
pitatis, capitulo globoeo scesili ad apucicm latcrali, invtilucro culmo tri]
quadruplove longwre teretl obgcurius artioulato, sqiwinis late ovatis obtU
metobraDaoeis niio-teataceis carina obtuaa late vircnte trinervi, caryopsi obo-
vata triquetra transvcrsim rugulosa opaca Aiaca, culmo tcreti aphyllo fistu-
\aso.— Wight, cat. n. 1890.— I. articulata, N. ab E. in Cyp. Soyle, n. 151. —
Boirpus prtilungatuB, Pair. ene. meth. 6. p. 764 ; mippl. 6. p. 91 ; R. et Sch.
». V. 2. p. 131,— S. Bubarticulatua, Moxb. fi. Ind. 1. p. 2lfi; (ad. Wall.') 1.

p. 217 ; in cat. mere. I. o. ma*, tab. 740 (fide Ani.)—WaU. eat. n. 31fi7.

In Peniaaube Ind. or. ; Roxburgh; Wight. In Ncpalia, Silbet, Sagaea ad
ripam Irawaddi fluvii, Kamaon ; Wallich.

Differentia patct ex iis, quce diiimus ; synonymia baud ita. Primo intuitu
difitinguitur ha:c nostra squamis spLculte latioribus, vis evidenter carinatiff
dorso medio lanceolato spotiu viridi trinervi bcrhacca partem utembranoceaia
apicia baud penetrante, lateribus nifo-testaceis, margine omni pallescente.
Stylus apice trifidus, ramis brevibus. Stamina tria. Cacyopsii obovato-tii-
gona, traaaversim undato-rugulosa, fusca {aec alba ut babet Roxb.), opaca. ,
, 8. I. artieuiata (N. ab E. :) ipicnlis ovato-pyramidalihus acutis capitfttis,'
capitulo globoBO ad specicm laterali, involucro culq;io dupio long^ore tereti
intense articulate, squamis ovatis acutis membranaceis testaceis concoloribus
carina angusta viridi, caryopsi obovata triquetra lievi atra nitente, culmo te-
reti aphyUo striato.— lf7^A(. cat. n. 1891.~ScirpUB articulatiu, Linn. $p. pt. 2.
p. 70 ; Willd. ip. pl.l.p.2S0; Raltb, gram. p. 43 ; Vahl. nytnb. X.p.B; Jtoxb.
^. Ind. 1. p. nii {ed Wail.) I. p. 2n; in etEt. mere. I. o. mtu. tab. 7B9 (Ue
^rn,)— S. fistuloBUB, Farik. deter, p. 14.— Wall. cat. n. 345S.—Rheed. Mat. 1',

t, 71 ; Merit, hint. pi. 3. p. 81. tect. 8. ». 3. In aquis stagnantibus Pcoin-

gulffi Indin orientalts.

Seirpum figtntotuni, Forsk. divenmm esse ab articidato docet Link. (Jalirbl
3. p. 79). S. articalatue, VabL excludendus, quippe cui perigjnium sctosi^^

d, l.ineitrvata (N. abE.:) ^piculia ovato-oblongis capitatis, capitt^ ad
specicm latemli late ambientc culmi baai propinguo, involucro ralma mnltq
longiore tereti intense articulato, squamis ovatis obtusis, caryopsi obd^tfc
trigona.— Scirpus incurvatus, Roxb. }t. Ind. l.p. 214; (ed. WaU.) 1, p.2\6i
in cat. mere. Ind. or. mut. lah. Ifl32 (fide Am.)—S. artieulatus B temii^
Roth. nov. pi. tp. p. 26. Locis buinidis circa Calcuttam ; Roxburyh.

Differt ab /. artieuiata et protnngatti culniis tcncrioribua, 6~!) pollices longiiy
itaincurvis, ut csapes globi figuraiQ adipiacatur.— Decxt in collcutiunibusi"

§ 2. Terminates.

10. I. trifida (N. ab &. :) spicis tenninalibus subtcmis obloneia, latcralibi^

longc pedicellatis patcnribus, squamis ovatis carinatia acutis, involucto sub-

dipbyllo foliolia e basi ovata ntcmbmnacea sctaceis apica sesaili brevioribua,

caryopsi obovata trigona ttanfiveisita crenulato-aubrugosa Digro-mucronata^

1

IsoLBPiB, BCIBPE..E, 100

culmo filifonai boat unlfolko, folio aetoceo canaljcukta culmo multo breviori,
»n^na ore bnrbata. — JV. o* E. in herb. Royte. n. 51.— — Nepalin; Royln.

Ab. /. brevifoHn, Bernli., (Seirpo capiilari, Muhl.j seu Mtthl&ibergiano, Spr.)
differt spiculia Ai9ci«, later&linm pcdicellis spicula sua plerumque longioiibus.

11. I. deiua (Wall. :) spiculia ovalibua angulntia in umbeliani aimpUoem
aut composiUim dispoGitia, radiolis (Todiiave) imiflorla etongatis, aquamis tri-
taaiB OTstis acutia nrudcis alte cariniLtis fiiEcis glabris moDaadriB, caiyopri
oboxata trigona confertim et irregnlaritec tiansvetse grannlato-tugiiloBa lu-
tescente, involucri subdipliylli foliolis e basi scariosa aetaceia umbejla brevio-
ribus, involucellia finbrnuticia, culmo filiformi sulcato-aDg^ilato glabro, vagimB
Bpicc hacbatifij foliis setaceia (canaliculatis)breTibus. — Wali. in Roxb.fl.Ind.
{ed, WaU.) 1. p. 231. — Fimbriatylis, Wall. cat. n. 3514, i; d, e.— Isolepia, Wall.

col. ».3476. InNepalia, Karaaon, Benghaliainferiori, etmontibiisSilhet;

UTqUicA.

Similia /. gracili ct barbatce., sed differt prteter characteres supfa celatoa,
el^iantia quadam sttuctuca et umbclUe gracilitate atque Ubenori evolutione.

1. LgracUin (N.abE.:) apiculis obl-ongia angulatis capitato-gomiaia ter-
niBTe, capitulis in umbellam compoaitam decompoaitainve ciepresao-patentcm
coUectis aut simpliciter aggregatiB, Bquamis trifariis ovatiB alte carinatis mu-
cconato-aeutJE rufo-fiiscia scabris monandris, caryopsi obovata trigona trans-
veraim rugoaa luteacentc, involucri et involucelli fiitiolis e basi ovata scaiioBs
subulato-cuspidatis mnbella unibellulaque brerioribus longioribusve, culmo
filifonni tetcagono compresso, vaginiB apice dehiscentibua villoais, foliia seta-
Ceis. — B ; apimiiia pluribus umbeliatiBj foliia btevibvw. — Wight, cat. n. 1882. —
S; spiculia subternis vel plunbua lateralibus pcdicellatis, involucro diphyUo
mtdto brcvioribus, culmo capiilari, foliis dimidium culmuu attiugentibus. —
B^oA/. cat. n. 1892, 6. Peninsula Ind. orient. ; Wight.

' Ab leokpidt barbata differt spiculia acabris in capituia umbellarin dispositia
aec BggrogatiB, et fractu tranaveraim nigoao ; ab Isolepide arenaria umbellari
iDflaieBcentta et aquamia alto carinatis Cnfariis.

,1^. J.harbaia (R.Br.:) capitulo subg;Ioboso, spiculia multis capiCato-^-
gKgatis comprcsso-trigouia, aquamis ovatia caiiuatia infra apicem mucronatia,
involiicro diphyllo capitulo breviori squajoia aimili, foliis setaceia, vaginie
arcti^ ore barbatis, caryopsi obovato- trigona lojvi. — iV. ait E. in Ltniupo, 8,
l,p. 83; R. et Sch. g. v. 2. p. 112; Wi<iht. eat. n. 1893.— Scirpua baibatua,
^otlb. .gr. p. fi3. (. 17-/. 4 ; Roxh. in «b(. mere. J. o. mua. lab. 7B3 (ex Am.)
— S, ontarcticua, Vahl. en. 2. p. 261 (eicl. synon. Linn.) ; Roxb. fl. Ind. 1.
p.223; {ed.Wall.) 1. p. 22S.— 8. capillaria, Z.«i». gp. pi. 1. p. 73;/. Zsj)/.
p.,aa i fl. Cliff. 21.— Wall. cat. n. 3481.— ; culmo longiori, ^ ped. alto,
capitulo pleiostacliyo. — (1 ; vaginis sanguineis. — 2; vamniapalbdia. — I. fasci-
cularis, Sid:fl. Seneg. — Wall. cat. w. 3481, d, ej. — 3, Roithurghiana ; cnhno
bniniliori strieto, capitulo S-S-slachyo. — Isolepia, Wall. eat. n. 3497. — [Scit-
puj monander, Roab.ft. /mt 1. p. 222; (erf, W^.) 1. p. 226.— S, pygraeeua,
Roxb. in aet. mere. I. o. tntis. tidi. 762,— Ann.]— y, capiilarig ; culmo capii-
lari pollicari, spiculia capitato-temia patladis involucro diphyllo brcvioribus,
vaginis pallidis.— iV. a5 E. inherb. Rnyle. n. EO.—Surm.herb. Zeyl. t. 47./.2.
— 5, recarvala; culmo 1-2-poIlieari foliiaque aetaceia recurvia; his culmum
cequaalibos Bcabcrtimis, spiculia oapitato-temis quiniave cotoratis involucro

di~t»iphyllo lireirioribus, vaginis pallidi*. — Wight, cat. n. 1893,6. «. Cey-

lona ; .Macrae. China; Vackell. Pemasvia Ind. or.; Roxburgh; Wight; &c.
Nepala, Melloon, Taong-Dong, Ava, et ad tipom Irawaddi ; WaUidt. Gon-
^chora; Hamilton. — fi. Promiscuo cum «. Senegal; Sieber. — y. Nepala;
jRoyfe. Ceyiona; Burmann. — S. Peninsula Ind. or.

110 SCIRPE^. Eleooiton.

XIX. ELEOGITON. Link.

1. E. curvukut (N. ab E. :) culmo ramoso folioso flaccido repente natan-
teve, foliis fasciculatis linearibus acutiusculis trinervibus incurvis culmum
tereti-compressum striatum incurvum subsequantibus^ spica solitaria tenni-
nali, squamis subrotundis truncatis inferioribus spica brevioribus, staminibus
duobus; caryopsi obovata lenticulari Isevi. — N, ab E. in Cyp, LindL ; Wight,
cat. n, 1894. In Ceylona; Ma^cras. In Peninsula Indies orien talis ; Wight,

Ab E.fiuitante, cui maxime similis^ differt : foliis latioribus brevioribus ri-
gidioribus culmos (e fasciculis^ ut in illa^ nascentes) et latitudine et longitu-
dine adsequantibus^ nee iisdem angustioribus^ spicee squamis subsequabbus^
plerumque ad latera purpura tinctis.

XX. MALACOCHiETE. N. et Megen.

1. M. pectinata (N. ab E. :) culmo tereti apice trigono, panicula composi-
ta, laminis bypogynis cuneifonnibus pinnatindo-ciliatis. — N, ab E. in herb,
Royle, p. 66 ; in Ed, n, phil, joum, (1834) n, 34. p, 204 ; Wight, cat, n, 1895.
— Scirpus pectinatus, Ilojcb,fl, Ind, \,p, 218; (ed. Wall,) 1. p, 220. — S. cam-
pestroides, Roasb, in cost, mere, I, o, mixa, tab, 744 (fide Am,) — S. plumosus^

R, Br, ? prod,fl, nov, Holl, 1. p. 223. Locis turfosis arenosis Peninsute

Indiae orientalis ; Roxburgh ; Wight, Nepalia ; Royle,

XXI. HYMENOCHiETE. P. de B,

1. H. grossa (N. ab E. :) spiculis decomposito-corymbosis, involucre sub-
triphyllo, culmi angulis leevibus. — N, ab E. in Ed, n, phil, joum. (1834)
p, 264; Wight, cat. n. 1896. — Isolepis, Wall, cat, n, 3470. — Scirpus grossus^
Retz, obs. 5. p.l5 ; R. et Sch. s. v. 2. p. 141 ; Fahl. en. 2. p. 270. — \_Rojpb.fl.
Ind. l.p. 231 ; {ed. WaU,) 1. p. 230. — I. giganteus, Roxb. in cost. mere. I. o,

mus, tab. 764. — Arn.] In Peninsulse Ind. or. aquis dulcibus stagnantibuar

profiindioribus ; Roxburgh ; Wight. Natbpoor et Gongachora ; HamUtm.

Species^ notis in generis charactere 1. c. indicatis sat distincta. Scirpus
maximus, Roxb. (in ccet. mere. I. o. mus. tab. 765 (fide Am.) forsan eadem
planta est^ setis jam delapsis observata. Culmus crassus^ argute triquetes^
angulis Isevibus. Scirpus Kysoor, Roxb. (in ccet. mere. I. o. mus. tab. 2017
(fide Am.) angulis culmi retrorsum scabris^ et setis in fructu persistentibus
differre videtur.

[Roxburgbius nullibi monuit setas in S. Kysoor persistere, et eas eodem
fere modo discripsit ut in S. suo grosso."]

XXII. ERIOPHORUM. Linn.

Spiculee undique imbricatee squamis membranaceis. Perigynium constans
e setis plurimis capillaribus basi fasciculatim cohserentibus squamas plerum-
que longe superantibus lanu^nem aut comam exhibentibus. Stylus trifidus^
longus. Caryopsid trigona^ mucronata.— Inflorescentia : Spiculse raro in apice
culmi solitarise, plerumque in cymam magis minusve compositam involucra-
tarn distributee.

1. E. comosum (Wall. :) culmo subtrigono, foliis lineari-filiforraibus canali-
culatis mar^e scabris^ anthela supradecomposita involucrata, perig^-uii coma
squama triplo quadruplove longiore. — Wall, cat. n. 3446. — iV". ab E. in herb.
Royle. n. 79, 80. — Scirpus comosus, Wall, in Roxb. ft. Ind. (ed. Wall.) 1,
p, 234. — a, nanum; culmo vix bipollicari distachyo, foliis perangustis. —
N, ab E, in herb, Royle. n. 78. Nepalia ; Wallich ; Royle,

2. E. arundina^ieum (Wall.:) culmo obtuse subtrigono alto^ foliis lineari-
bus acute canaliculatis margine scaberrimis rigidis, anthela supradecomposita

coarctata involucratn radiia flongatis, perigytiii coma squama duplo triplove

laogioTe.— Waa. rat. n. 3448, 6. E. Penang ; Wailich.

Quod ad funnniti antbcltc et comnm mediocrem sordide aibam attinet, si-
mile E. eomono, scd ditfert culmu altiore, 2-3-pedati, fol'dsque ktioribus.

XXni. SCIRPU8. Linn.; Lestib.

In hoc eenere stvlum sut hifiduin nut trifidum cum carjoiMi deprenn magia mi-
1 inieniinue, qun sequiCur, divisionem ejiu, quod ad
, nee euentialeDi ; id quod id ei co patero videtnr,
evidenter inveniatur, turn ramua alter pauln niperiua
nt Btylum, ubi vero hffic ulterior divisio auppriinatur,

- !i trigona coujunctua, tharactetem

. _ ,. , _ B magni moinenti Bit; idem deiljlo

n rarjopBi deproBBii. comprcmaye (cianeulata), Ubi caryopsia depreaea

cDDipiekarD tarn cum atylo triSdo quam cum bifido jungitur, atj'li aubdivlBio baud
ropicienda. Idem etiam de caryopsi liigona cuni stylo bifida conjuncCn cenacres,
si talis caaus sano statu otcurterit.

§ 1. Cutmofoliofo, vintella terminali.

1. S. laaritimiu (Linn. :) culmo trigono, basi folioso, foliis lioearibna cari-
natis elongtttis, spiculis terminHlibus ovatis oblongievc in umbellam Bimplioem
aoittpositamve dispositis tunique in radiis subglomeratig totave umbella glo-
meratim conCiacta, squamis ferrugineiB locero-tridentatia e carina aristato-
mucronatis, involucre umbellam supeianCe, cai^opsi anctpiti Itevi. — tAna. ;
lAak. K. Ber. 1. p. 2{ia.—i, qlauau. — t* : radiis di-tristacliyis. — R. Hi. SiA.
t. V. 2. p. 149 ; N. ab E. in herb. Roi/k. n. 99.-3. glaucus, iMm. ene. meth.
I. p. 142; Pair, tnppl. 6. p. 769.— S. tridentatus, Raxb.ft Ind. I. p. 225; (erf.
ffflff.) 1. p. 228; in cat. mere. J. o. mut. (aft. 76S (fide Am.)— Watt. eat.
n. 3fi04. — t**, eylitulriciiii ; radiis monostachyis, spieulis oblong^ in urobella
quadiicBdiatai, binisque centmlibua BesBilibus, involucro subtripliyllo, Foliolo

uno umbella longiote. — Wight, eat. n. IRffl. ^Peninsiila Indite orien talis ;

IbuAurgh: Wight.

. affini* (Rolh. :) culmo trigono infetne folioso foliisque lineoribus lee-
vibus, spiculis terroinalibus ^aucis grandiusculis capiCatis ovato-oblongis,
squamie luteia margine pnllidioribua apiee lacero-den talis nervoque earinalj
squarroeo-aristulatis, in&Tioribus trinervibus, caiyopsi obovata compressa
tfEvi in fiindo grisco subtilissimc fusco-punctulaCa, stylo bifido, involucro di-
triphyllo oapitulo multo longiori. — SoCh. nor. pi. «p. p. 30 ; R. ei Sch. », c, 2,
p. 140; N. ab E. in Royle. Cyp. n. 4fi, 6S, et 66.-8. cepbalotes, Heyn.—

WaiL cat. n. 3463. Peninsnla Indiee orientalis; Hegne. Monghir; Ha-

miUon. Agsufghur; Wallieh. Nepalia; Rayle.

Spiculis majoribuB pallidioribus semper capitatis et fructu compresso &cile
disUnguitui a S. maritimo. Maud improbabde est hunc esse verum S. eepha~
latem, Linn.

[In 5. maritimo EucopieaDo apicas ssepe paucas sesslles et capitatas oSen.-
JO] nee liinitcs iminutabileG inter hasce duas species indicare possum. — Abm.^

§ 2. Culmo aphyllo, inftorescentia ad »pBciem laterati.

3. S. triangulaliit (Roxb. ;) culmo a. basi acute triquetro, capitulo spurie
laCerali sesaili donso involucro terminanCe acute tJiqiietro recto duplo bre-
viore, spiculis ovatis, squamis subrotundis mucronatis striatis brunneo-fuscis
nttentibuB, stylo trilido, carjopsi plano-convcxa obovata Isevi setas rigidas
tM{»imie.— Raxb.fi. Ind. 1. p. 217 ; (erf. WaU.) 1. p. 229 ; WaU. cat. n. 3467.

In Chittagong; Ravbtirgh. Nepalia et Sillet; WalHch. Mongliir,

Amosha, et Sanoshygota; Hamilton. Ceylona; Macrae.

Culmo humiliori, argutisaiine triquetro et capitulo brunneo
ab »pice distante a sequente specie dietinguitur. An ambte

1
I

I nitcnte panim ^^M

112 «CIRPEJE. SciBrus.

4. S. Javanus (N. ab E. :) culmo inferius subtrigono apice triquetro, capi-
tulo poljstachyo sessili denso involucro tenninante recto acute triquetro tri-
ple breviore, spiculis oblongis^ squamis ovatis mucronatis striatis virescenti-
bus fusco-marginatis, stylo tr^do^ carvopsi obovata plano-convexatevi Betas

rigidas sequante. — N, ab E, in Royle dyp. n. 62. In Java ; Bhtme. Cey-

lona; Macrae, Nepalia; Royle.

Difiert a prsecedente statura paulo majore> culmo basin versus compressor
trigone^ acumine longiore^ spiculis majoribus^ adeo in capitulo viridolis
opacis.

6. S. (HeleopbUa ?) WaUichii (N. ab E. :) culmo apbyllo inyolucroque
erecto monophyllo longo tetragonis^ vagina baseos truncata^ spiculis sub*
geminis ad speciem lateralibus ovatis acutis^ squamis ovatis acutis margine
albo-membranaceis in disco viridibus viridi-lineolatis, caryopsi obovato-sub-
rotunda altero latere convexa altero concava transversim undatO'Subrngosa,
stylo bifido.— Fa//, cat n. 3468 (ex part^). Silhet ; WaUich,

Ob similitudinem S. junciformis inter Scirpos reliquimus^ etiamd (in uno
specimine) omnes^ quos vidi, styli bifidi (et completos equidem vidi) obser-
varentur.

6. S, junciformis (N. ab E. :) culmo tereti^ vaginis baseos apbyllis, florali
culmo conformi eundemque continuante capitulum multoties supeiante in-
curvo^ spiculis ad speciem lateralibus 1-5 arete sessilibus ovato-conicis, squ»>
mis subrotundis mucronulatis dorso berbaceo viridibus uninervibus ambita
membranaceis pallidis undique fusco-lineolatis glabris, stylo bifido altero i»*
mo bifido^ caryopsi obovata plano-convexa punctulata subtilissimeque obUqus
rugulosa pallida, setis rigidis denticulis retro spectantibus bispidis caryopsin
sequantibus. — Wight, cat, n, 1898. — 8. juncoides^ Rowb.fl, Ind, 1. p, 226; (erf.
Wall, 1. p, 218.— -S. supinus, Roa^, in ccet, mere, I, o, mus, tab, 742 (fide Am,)

— Wall, cat, n, 3469 excl. a.) Peninsula Indiso orientaUs lociB tidis uligi-

nosis. In Bengbalia inferiori, in Nepalia^ Silhet ; WaUich, In Java ; Bhtme.

Stylus minime bifidus^ sed trifidus^ scil. altero ramo paulo minus profunde
diviso pro bifido, nisi accuratius circumspicias, ad speciem tantum bifidus.
Squamis rigidulis dorso medio viridulis a plerisque confinium disting^tury
turn vero et babitu Junci jUiformis grandefacti ; a S. WaUichii nostro cubno
distinguitur tereti.

[Omnino eadem spedes, ut mihi videtur^ est Sc, debUis, Torrey et Bigelow
(exemplis a Torrey et Greene communicatis), forsitanque etiam Muhlen-
bergii quanquam descriptio in paucis baud quadrat. — ^Arn.]

7* S. Luzonensis (Presl.) culmo tereti, vagina mutica vel brevissime ftdea*
lata, involucro monophyllo longissimo culmum continuante, spiculis latent
libus subtemis sessilibus ovatis, squamis late ovatis mucronulatis fiisco-line-
olatis nervo unico viridi, stylo trifido, caryopsi obovata plano-convexa Toapof
losa, setis perianthialibus sex caryopsin acquantibus. — Presl. reL H^emk. dw

p. 193. In Manila^ ad lagunam de Bay ; Meyen. Ad Portam Soizogon ;

Hanke.

Descriptioni cl. Preslii addimus : spiculse ssepe et geminatee ; sqnamito dorto
viridulfiB, latere pallidse, lineolis ferrugineis irroratee. Vaginee enhnorom
truncatee, foliolo exili subulato vix linea longiori culmoque adpresso pzmfitn.

XXIV. ELEOGENUS.— Eleopbila. Pal, de J?«i«r.— Heleo^n. SekuU.

Eleogiton cosnomen jam a cl. Linkio aliter usnrpatum ; novum igiiur EleogetU no*
men, cum HeteophUa nimis focile cum Heliophila oommatari petut, impomi

§ 1. Genuini, perianihio praditi.,

1. E. capitatus (N. ab E. :) radice annua, culmo breviusculo, spica ovato-
subrotunda, squamis obtusis, perigynio setoso. — Wight, cat. n, lBd9. — ^Eleo-

cbwis capituto, J{. Br. prod.Jl. iiov. Hull. 1. p. 22B j R. el Sch. a. v. 2. p. Ifla
— Scirpus cupitatuE, WUid. up. pi. l.p. 2iH; Vahl. en. 2. p. 2S0 ; Humb, et K.
wtc geti. el ep, pi. I. p. IZ]. ; Roab. f. Ind. l.p.216; (erf. Fa/f.) l.p. 218;
in atet. mere. Ind. or. tnus. tab. 741 (Edc Am.') — S. Caiihseus, RotO}. gram,
p. 46. t. 16./. S.— laolepU? Wall. cat. n. 348G. pf 3493.— a; majoi, Hptca
Hpluerica, aquaniis pallidis. — Wall. cat. n. 3483 (ex berb. Wight.). — j3 ; minor,
^uea ovaUi-glaboBa, squainis fuscU marine pallidis. — y i idem, S()aaiiiifl pal~
lidia> — Wall. eat. ». 3486. c. — ! ; minor, culmia recufvis, apicco ovato-pyra-

midalis sqiiaiaia (wUidiB. Bahitoinlttmidis. Maranhuo j Z)on. — «, y, et!^

PeninHulalndiEEoritntalis; ilojfturijft ; Wight, In Bungaliainfcriocc; yaWol.
— a in Brasilia ad Rio de JHneiro. In Ins. St Croix. I

§ 2. HeterociUi, perigynio deetituti.

2. E. atropUTpurciii (N. ab E. :) monandrusj spicula aoHtaria ovata squa-
misque ovutia marfiine purpureis tibtuais, carjopsi obovata tovi atra basi con-
Stricta atipite candido, cuWo tereti aphyllo, vagina a-tto^MrmanA.— Wight,
oat. n. 1900. — Scirpus atmpurpurcua. Rets. obt. 5. p. 14 ; WilM. »p.pl.1.^. ,
p. 294— Isolepia utnijiuroiirea, Viihl. en. 2. p. 2^; R. et Sch. t. tt. 2. p. 106. ]
In pajcuis ImniidiH Indito orientnlis ; Koenig.; Roxburgh; Wight.

Quod ad fructum et miiversum habitura Eleogeno obseTvante jam Rctzio >
pemtnilis, nLsl quod careat perigjnio, cujus quideui vestigia ReUius vidit}
IMM autem fruatm qu^eiTimua ; nuc Vahliua ejuGmodi aliquid reptnit. Es I
ahamotereigituratyUeCfructue, perigyiiiicurontia J)i(;Ao«(y^MestFidissotIaiiii; |
Htm autem hac in re affinitati luculdDtisalmie conaulere muluimua. Riix-
burghii Sdrpuf hnjuB noiiiinis dubiua est, cuin folils pnedltua esse dicatur.

XXV. ELEOCIIAKIS. R. Br.

A LimiuKihloa iliS'ert Eleocbaria wiuiimurum textum tetiuiuti ct scariwu.

§ 1. .Stylo bifida.
1. E. letraquetra (N. ab. E.;) culmo tetraquelro tenui, spica oblonga den-
aa> squamis ovulibua obtusia cigidutis ritCa intraniarginaU fusca, caryopsi oba-
wta UBTi, toatro caryopsin fflqnante, setis nifia ^titudine caiyopaeos cam
ejus roatro. — Limnocldaa tetiaquetra, iV. ab E. in ctjp. Sogl. n. 67. — Wall. eat.
m. 3462. Nepalia ; Wallieh ; Rogte.

"2. 3!. pahitlriti (B. Br. ;) ciilmo bnai stolonifero tiveti stnato ecodi vnmoi^
tmnratis, apiua ovali aut cylindrica busi squamis duabua auboppositis aubro-
taxuioB, Tcliquis oblongis mombranaccis fiisco-bivittatis, caiyopsi anoipiti len-
lieulari fulva, styti basi bipartita corrugata. — Lhtk. h. Ber. 1. ;j.280. — S, aut'
hvH» / squamis apica? acutiuaculis, totie albU lenuibus, neivu medio pallide
taridl litura euspidata fusca cincto. — N. ab E. in herb. Royl. n. 87. — Wall.
eU. n. 8461. — i, hnmiliti; spica ovali, aquamia obecurioribua albo maigiaatis,
TagiDB oblique truaoata augulo ocuto pallida fusco punctata. — iV. i3> E.m

Rogk. herb. n. 160. 3, In Owahu ins. Sandvicensi, — « et i, Nepalb;

WaRidi ; Royh.

An hffic {& et species distinetEe ? At vera uullis, nisi quos supia adno-
tarimas, characteribus gaudent.

3. E. unigliimi* (Link. ;) culmo basi stolonifero tereti striato enodi, Taginia
tniocatis, spicula uvali basi aquama singula aemicirculari bs«i viridi lato am-
bitu fuaca totam feie spiculam ambiente, rcliqiiia squamis uvatis obtusiusculis
fuec* totam fere Bjuculam ambicnte, icliquis aquamlE ovatis obtuaiusculia
fuscis marine alius carina anguata virente, styli bipartiti boai craesisaima
seqnali virente. — Link. h. Ber. 1. p. 281 ; in jahrb. d, Oewnehsh. 3. p. 77 ;
Scft. mani. «. v. 2. p. 83 ; MertunH et Koeh Deuttehl.fl. 1. p. i2S ; N. ob E. '

egp. Rogt. n. G2. In Qcnnnnia ct Amerie.t septcntrionnli. In Nqialia

^Giiori; Bugle,

I

114 SCIRPE^. LiMNOCHLOA.

XXVI. LIMNOCHLOA. P. de B.

1. L, plantaginea (N. ab E. :) culmis teretibus dissitiuscule interceptia stria^
tis, spica subcylindrica, squamis late ovalibus obtusis anguste marginatis ri-

giduUs kevibus nervo medio carinali^ caryopsi — Wight, cat. n, 1901. —

Scirpus plantagineus, Rotth. gram, p. 45. t, 16./. 2 ; Fahl, en. 2. p. 261 ; Roxb,
Ind. 1. p. 212; (ed. Wall.) 1. p. 214. — S. interceptus, Roxh, in ccst. mere.
Ind. or. mus. tab. 734 (fide Am.^ — Eleocbaris plantaginea, R. et Sch. s. v. 2.

p. 150. — Wall. cat. n. 3454. In Peninsulae Indiee orientalis aquis stagnan-

tibus ; Roxburgh, &c. Bengalia inferiore ; Wallich. Ceylona ; Macrae.

Scirpus tuberosus, Roxb. fl. Ind. 1. p. 210, (ed. Wall.) 1. jp. 213, et in coet.
mere. I. o. mus. tab. 1112 (fide Am.), nil nisi hujus speciei forma bulbifera
esse videtur.

[WalL cat. n. 3512 valde difiert, quamvis hue citet " Sc. plantagineum,
Roxb.," minime fl. Ind. At suspicor, loco : Sc. plantagineus, herb. Roxb., le-
gendum esse in Wall. cat. : Sc. pentagonus, herb. Roxb., et tab. pict. n. 762^
sen Sc. quinquangularis, Roxb. fl. Ind. Scirpus tumidus, Roxb., huic valde
affinis; an varietas.^ — Arn.]

2. L. tumida (N. ab E.:) culmis teretibus confertim interceptis septis tmni-
dulis, spica subcylindrica, squamis ovato-lanceolatis acutis nervo medio ca-
rinali, caryopsi..... — Scirpus tumidus, Roxb.fl. Ind. 1. p. 212; {ed. WaU.)

1. p. 215 ; in ccet. mere. I. o. mus. tab. 735 (fide Am.) In Peninsula In-

disB orientalis ; Roxburgh.

3. L. media (N. ab E. :) culmo trigono compresso striato, vaginis^blique
tnincatis lobulo acuminato, squamis late ovalibus obtusis disco lato striatis
ambitu membranaceis sublobatis pallidis, fructu . . . — Scirpus medius, Roxb.

fl. Ind. 1. p. 213 ; {ed. Wall.) 1. p. 216.— S. submutatus, Roxb. in coet. mere,

I. 0. mus. tab. 738* (fide Am.) In Peninsula Ind. or. ad montes Circaren-

ses ; Roxburgh, Ceylona ; Macrae.

An L. spirilis var. ? ; difiert squamis concoloribus disco lato ovali striatis,
et culmo irregulariter trigono compressiusculo.

4. L. acutangula (N. ab E. :) culmo acute triquetro, vaginis oblique tnin-
catis, spicsB cylindricsB acutee spins paucis diclinibus, squamis late ovalibii3
obtusis disco nerbaceo lato striato viridulo ambitu membranaceis sublobatis
pallidis, caryopsi obovata costata interstitiis transversim striatis. — Wight, eat.
n. 1902. — Scirpus acutangulus, Roxb.fl. Ind. l.p. 213; (ed. Watt.) l.p. 216.
— S. mutatiformis, Roxb. in coei. mere. I. o. mus. tab. 737 (fide Am.) — ^Eleo-
cbaris, Wall. cat. n. 3453. In aquis quietis stagnantibns Peninsulse Indie

orientalis. Benghala; Hamilton; Wallich.

A L. spirali maxime difiert spiris squamarum evidentissimis, et squamis
aliter contractis. Squamee, ex elliptico subrotundae et obtusse, quandoque
apicem versus a latere inflectuntur eoque nonnihil attenuated (" somewnat
acute") nee vero acutee dicendse. Caryopsis pallida. Perigynii sets sex,
planiusculse, rigidse, apice denticulis retroversis preeditee, caryopsin sequaatet.

5. L. spiralis (P. de B. :) culmo triquetro, vaginis oblique truncatis, spico
obloDgo-cylindricse obtusee spiris pluribus obliquis, squamis late cuneiformi-
bus truncato-subtrilobis obtuse carinatis, caryopsi trigona. — Scirpus spiralis,
Rottb. gram. p. 45. t. 15. /. 1 ; Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 290; R. et Sch. s. v. 2.
p. 155 ; Roxb. fl. Ind. I. p. 212 ; {ed. Wall.) 1. p. 215. — S. mutatus, Roxb. in

cat. mere. 7. o. mus. tab. 736 (fide Arn.) In aquis stagUMitibus quietis

PeninsulsB Ind. or. ; Roxburgh.

Inter plantas tarn Wallichianas quam Wightianas hsec species desideratur.

J

Rhynchospora. RHYNCHOSPOREjE. 115

Trib. IV. RHYNCHOSPORE^.

XXVII. RHYNCHOSPORA. Vahl.

SpiculsQ uni-aut sesquiflorae, squamis subtrifariis, inferioribus minoribus^
sterilibus^ penultima fructifera. Perigjniii setae sex, denticulis antrorsum spec-
tantibus scabrse, caryopsin cum ejus rostro sequantes. Stylus ovario articulo
conjunctus, profunde bifidus. Caryopsis obovata, compressiuscula, rostro
lato discreto terminata. — Inflorescentia : spiculse fasciculatse^ fasciculis latera-
libus et terminali magis composito corymbosis. Vaginse truncatee ore mem-
. branaceo.

1. R. Chinensis (N. et Meyen :) culmo triquetro angulis scabro, corymbis
axillarlbus altemis compositis pedunculatis inferioribus distantibus, spiculis
subgeminis, rostello conico longitudine caryopseos obovaJtae transversim scro-
bicmato-rugosae, foliis linearibus canaliculatis margine pedunculisque scaber-

rimis. — ^Rhjmchospora, Wall, cat, n. 3421. In China ; Meyen. In Nepa-

lia; WaUich.

A Rh. laxa Vahlii differt foliis angustioribus et corymbulis distantibus.
A Rh. Brunei et castanea culmo triquetro. A Bh. triflora Vahlii vix differt
nisi corjrmbulis axillaribus plurifloris, et vereor ne hsec sit mera Rh. Chinensis
Tarietas.

XXVIIL MORISIA. N. ab E.

1. M. Wallichii (N. ab E.)— iNT. ah E, in Ed. n. phil. joum. (1834) w. 34.
p. 265. — ^Rhjmchospora, Wall. cat. n. 3422, a. NepaUa ; Wallich.

XXIX. HAPLOSTYLIS. N. ah E.

1. H. Meyenii (N. ab E. :) involucro capitulum superante foliisque glabris,
styli basi pileiformi caryopsin biconvexam tuberculo claudente. — N. ab E. in
Ed. n. phil, joum. (1834) n. 34. p. 265 ; Wight, cat. n. 190S.— Wall. cat. n.

3428. — fi; capitulo viviparo, coma foliorum setaceorum subsecunda. In

China; Meyen; Vachell ; Millet. Ceylona; Macrae; Wight. In Amboina;
Lesson, — ^, Ceylona; Macrae.

XXX. CEPHALOSCHOENUS. N. ab E,

1. C. Zeylanicus (N. ab E. ;) capitulis subtristachyis, axillaribus simplici-
ter corymbosis, terminalibus duplicato-corymbosis paucifloris, radiis foliis-
que linearibus elongatis margine scabris. — iV. ah E. in Ed. n. phil. joum.
(1834) n. 34. p. 265. In Ceylona insula ; Macrae,

2. C. articylatus (N. ab E. :) spiculis subcapitatis, capitulis fasciculatis
corymbosis, corymbis axillaribus decompositis terminali supradecomposito
mnltifloris erectis, ramulis tenuibus, bracteis inferioribus ramos aequantibus
setaceis, rostro caryopsi longiore, foliis lato-linearibus carina et margine sca-
berrimis. — N. ab E. in Ed. n. phil. joum. (1834) n. 34. p. 266 ; Wight, cat.
n. 1904. — Schcenus articulatus, Roosh.fl, Ind. 1. p. 184; fed. WaU.J 1, p. 189.

— §. umbellatus, Roxh. in cwt. mere. Ind. or. mus. tab. 703 (fide Am.)

Locis uliginosis Peninsulae regionis montanae superioris ; Roxburgh ; Wight,

II 2

116 SCL£RI£iE. Sclerm.

Trib. V. SCLERIEM.

XXXI. SCLERIA. Berg.

Spiciilse diclines^ monoecee ; foeminea uniflora : rarius spiculse androgynse.
Squamse distichse aut tristichse^ in foemineis panose^ inferiores vacuse. Stami-
natrk. Stylus trifidus. Hypogynium florw mascuU monophylluiii, charta-
ceuiD aut trifidum^ lobis aut integerrimiB aut denticulatis lacinidattsve. Nux
globosa aut ovata^ papillula persistente aut decidua^ styli basi residua coro-
nata^ basi hjpogynio persistente appresso patulove cincta. — Inflorescentia :
SpiculsB vel solitarise^ et turn vero in eadem inflorescentia s^regatse^ inferiores
foeminesB aut vice yeisa^ vel geminse^ altera foeminea altera mascula, quando-
que et pluies glomeratsd bracteola conununi propriisque sufiultse^ pallidso
aut fusciduls?^: glomeruli dispositi in paniculas ssepe corymbosas, aut in spi-
cas interruptas simplices aut compositas, axiBares^ versus culmi apicem ma-
gis approximatas foliisque suis decrescentibus denique in inflorescentiam ter-
minalem^ plerumque magis compositam^ quandoque et simplicem atque gra-
cilem coalescentes. Culmus seepe altus^ trigonus aut triqueter^ articulatua ;
▼aginis totis herbaceis triquetris^ angulis quandoque alatis^ oris margine op-
positifolio^ lobulo obtuso prsedito. Folia angusta aut latiuscula acnminata
carinata^ pleraque margine serrulato-scabra.

Species orientales omnes squamis spiculanim carina exalatis saudent. Sectionis
secunds subdiviBionis, *' Styli basi mucronifonni atva serius decidua** insigpoita,
nulls adsunt species.

§ 1. Spicula mascuUB et foeminea in diver ea parte inflorescentiiB posita, soli-

taria.

1. S. oryzoides (Presl. :) culmo vaginisaue acute triquetris glabris ore tri-
lobo^ panicula terminali eorymbosa^ spiculis solitariis raraorum ramulorum-
que infimis foemineis superioribus masculis^ nuce globosa kevissima^ hyp>ogy-
nio profiinde trilobo appresso. — Presl, rel, Hcerik. 3. p. 201.— Scleria, WaU.
cat, n, 3413 (ex parte). In Luzonia ; Hanke. In Ceylona ; Macrae^ Pe-
ninsula Ind. or. : Wight.

2. S. macrophyUa (Presl.:) culmo tri^uetro^ foliis latis lanceolatis maigine
scabris, panicula terminali erecta, bracteis setaceis ramulo scabro longioribus,
spiculis sessilibus inferioribus foemineis^ glumis scabriusculis masouUs ovatis
acutis femineis ovato*subrotundis mucronatis^ caryopsi globosa Isevissima
apiculata. In insula Luzon ; Hcenke.

§ 2. SpiculiB geminaUB, altera nuucuia, altera fieminea,

a. Styli batii coneolor brevis persistent mueronnUformis,

+■ Hypogynium ma^um membranace<vchartaceum integrum aut repando-irilo-
bum, nee profiinde divisum.

3. S. Sumatrensis (Retz. :) culmo triquetro^ viginis triquetris foliisque c^Ia-
biis^ superioribus verticiUato-temis ore truncatis ciliolatis^ paniculis axil&ri-
bus in terminalem ad speciem proliferam densam approximatis^ ramulis di-
varicatis, spiculis geminis altera mascula^ nucibus globosis reticulatis cinereo-
nigris^ hypogynio lato obsolete trilobo lobis patulis undiatis crenatisque. —
Retx. obs. 5. p. 19. t. 2 ; WiUd. sp. pi. 4. p. 315 ; Wight, cat. n. 1905.— Scleria,

WaU. cat. n. 34J3 (ex parte). In Ceylona; ifacrae. Peninsula Indite

orientaUs; Wight.

ScLKRiA. SCLERIE-ffi. 117

4. S. scrobumkUa (N. et Meyen:) culmo triquetro foliisque lineari attenua-
tes maigine scaberrimis^ vaginis acute triquetiis scabris ore hispidulis^ pani-
cula tenninali decomposita patula^ spicuUs altemis sessilibus bracteam seta-
ceam subsequantibus, nuce ovata mucronulata scrobiculata. — ^ ; paniculse
summitate aborti^a^ spiculis minimis pallidis. — y ; panicula tota abortiva mi-
crostachya pallida. In Manila ; Meyen, In insula Rawack ; Gaudichaud.

Fonnfie ^ et y ab abortu spicularum superiorum omnisve omnino inflores-
centisd profectsB, alieno quidem guadent habitu^ propter spiculas illas duplo
minores pallidasque ; nee ullam tamen cum Scl. bractecUa, Cav.^ habent con-
junctionem. Caiamagro^tis, Rumph.-amb. 6. p. 16. t. 6. % quam ad Seleriam
teswUatam citat Willdenovius^ AnthistiruB aut saltern Sacokarirue cujusdam
species est.

+■ +■ ^ypogynium parrum, profunde trilobum aut trifidum.

5. S. androgyna (N. ab £.:) culmo triquetro^ yaginis triquetris carinis sca-
bris lobulo opposit^olio rotundato^ folns glabris altemis^ corymbis axillaribus
et tenninalibus cor3anbosis rigidis paniculam elongatam constituentibus^ spi-
culis aliis masculis aliis androgynis^ squama tertia foeminea^ quarta spiculam
masculam bifloram amplectente, nucibus ovatis acutis Isevibus candidis^ hy-

pogynio profunde trilobo integro. — Wight cat, n, 1906. ^Peninsula Indise

orientalis ; Wight,

Stnictura fere S.flagelii, sed notis allatis bene distincta. A S, Sieberi dif-
fert statura majore^ perigynio non ciliato^ nucibus majoribus magis acutis.

6. S, kevis (Retz. : ) culmo triquetro vaginisque Isevissimis, paniculis axil-
laribus corymbosis in terminalem oblongam coalescentibus, spiculis geminis
altera mascula pediccllata, nucibus depresso-globosis IsBvissimis candidis pa-
pflla fusca^ hypogynio profunde trilobo lobis integris. — Retz. obs, 4. p. 13 ;
Willd, sp, pi, 4. p, 314. Indiee orientalis ; Koenig, Ceylona ; Macrae.

Culmo et vaginis lajvigatis nucibusque depressis Isevissimis facile dignos-
eitur.

9. S. lithosperma (Willd. :) culmo triquetro gracili glabro, va^nis trique-
tris latere oppositifoHo linea media lata lursuta, foliis linearibus angustis elon-
gatis margine scabris^ gloraerulis dissite spicatis di-tristacbyis, spicis axillari-
bus terminalique simplicibus aut inferiori composita, nuce ovata trigona Ise-
vissima basi trigono-depressa lateribus pimctato-scabris, hypogynio profunde
trilobo. Willd, sp, pi. 4. p. 316; Wight, cat, n, 1907. — S. tenuis, Retz. obs. 4.
jB. 13 ; Willd, sp, pi, 4. p, 316.— S. glaucescens, Presl, rel. Htenk. 3. p. 202. —
Scleria, Wall. cat. n. 3416. — Sciq)us lithospermuG, Lin. sp.pl. {ed. 1.) p. 61.

— Rheed. Mai. 12. t. 48. Peninsula Indise orientalis. Penang ; Wallich.

Ceylona; Macrae.

Inter congeneres distincta nuce trigona angulis obtuse marginatis (Isevissi-
ma> Candida) plagis post detritum liypogynium baseos punctuiis ferrugineis
elevatis scabris.

8. S. ciliaris (N. ab E. :) culmo triquetro, foliis linearibus obtusiusculis va-
ginis(^ue trialatis margine scaberrimis, lobido oppositifolio elon^to, panicu-
lis axillaribus terminalique spicato-decompositis ovatis, bracteis basi hirto-

dUiatis, nuce globosa, oblique arguteque undulato-ruguloso .mucronata.

In China, in vicinia Macao urbis ; VacheU; Millett,

Habitu propinqua S. margaritiferce, a qua differt : nuce xugoso-exasperata
concolore et bracteis 'basi valde ciliatis. A jS*. scrobiculata discedit : statura
muiore> vaginis alatis, bracteis bracteolisquc ciliatis, nuceglobosa, nee ovata,
nee scrObiculis rugas obtusas elevantibus impressa, sed rugulis crebris undu-
late interruptis acutis exasperata. S. tessellata minor est, ^cilior, vaginis
cxalatis, nuce duplicato-cancellata, &c. Inter species, mihi notas, insignis
est lobulo vaginarum inferiorum ovato obtuso patulo, aliquot lineas longo.

9. S. hebecarpa (N. ab E. :) culmo triquetro foliisque lineari-acuminatis
yaginisque trialatis margine scabris, panicula terminal! brevi fbliacea aUeraquc

118 SCLERIE^. ScLERiA.

axillari minori ovatis, nucibus obsolete trigonis globosis mucronulatis laevibus
nitidis pubesccnti-hirtulis, mucrone concolore. In Ceylona insula ; Mac-
rae,

Differt a S. scabra, Willd., nucibus non scabris, sed setulis exiguis patulis
dispersis hirtulis, turn vaginis alatis. A S, oryzoide, Presl., nuce puberula,
bracteis longioribus^ communibus foliaceis^ panicula non fastigiata spiculis-
que geminis, altera mascula ; a Scleria margaritifera mucronulo concolore ; a
S. kern prsBterea scabritie partium.

10. S. margaritifera (Willd. ? :) culmo triquetro foliisque lineari-attenuatis
margine scabemmis^ vaginis trialatis ore bispidulis^ panicula terminali com-
posita^ ramis spicatis strictis alatis^ spiculis subglomeratis^ bracteis bracteo-
Jisque lineari-setaceis strictis, nuce Isevi vertice tumido depressiusculo papil-
lato. — R, Br, prod.fl, nov. Holl, p. 240 ; Sieb. agrostoth. n, 100 ; Willd, sp. pi,

4. j9. 312 ; Spr. s, v, 3. p, 830.-^Carex lithosperma, Forst, prodr, n, 339.

In insula Tanna ; Forster. In nov. Holl. ; Brown, In China ; Meyen, Ba-
hi» in umbrosis ; Salxmann, E Guiana allatam etiam vidi in herbario Lindl.

Vaginis alatis, ramis paniculse bracteisque strictissimis, his decurrentibus
et ramos rhachinque alatos reddentibus, turn figura caryopseos satis distincta
Species. Quod ad caiyopsin, proxima est Sclerice kem, sed differt scabritie.

5, margaritifera, Willd., qua *^ puncto obscuro apicis notata" describitur,
vix hujus loci est; in nostra etenim papilla nuci concolor. S, melaleuca,
Reichenb. in Weigclt. pi. exs. Surin., et Schlechtend. in Linnsea 6. p. 29., dif-
fert nuce globosa, subovata, nee depressa, infeme Candida, mucronata, qu89
in nostra minutissima papillata.

11. S. tessellata (Willd.:) culmo triquetro glabro gracili, vaginis triquetris
latere oppositifolio strigiloso-tomentoso, spicis axillaribus terminalique sub-
racemosis simplicibusve spiculis geminis distantibus, nuce globosa grosse can-
cellato-reticulata opaca. — WUld, sp, pi. 4. p, 316. — Scleria, Wall, cat, n, 3405.
— [S. biflora, Bjoxb,fl, Ind, 3. p, 573; in ccet, mere, Ind, or, mus, tab, 1294. —

Abn.] Ceylona ; Macrae. Peninsula Indioa orientalis ; Koenig, In Ne-

palia, et Benghalia inferiori ; WaMich,

Nuces subglobossB, opacae, grosse lanceolata;, cancellis singulis cruce hu-
miliori divisis ideoque foveoUs quatuor notatis. Vaginae non alatse, supre-
m» averso latere strigiloso-tomentos» ; culmns la^vis ; folia angusta, margine
parum scabra.

Species dvJbuB,

12. %, poaformis^{^etz,i) culmo aphyllo, paniculro ramis flexuosis, spiculis

sessilibus, femineis axillaribus, mascuHs bifloris. — Retz, obs, 4. p, 13. In

India orientali.

13. S. Zeplanica (Poir.:) culmo triquetro scabro, foliis linearibus ligula bi-
fida, glomerulis axillaribus paniculatis longe bracteatis, nucibus leevibus apice
tuberculatis. — Poir, enc, meth. suppl, Ceylona.

XXXII. CYLINDR0PU8. N. ab E,

1. Cjunciformis (N. ab E.) — N, ab E, in Ed, n, phU, joum, (1834) n.
34. p, 2G6. In Ceylona insula ; Macrae,

XXXIII. HYPOPORUM. N. ab E,

1. H. pergracile (N, ab E. :) culmo erecto filiformi simplici triquetro, glo-
merulis spicatis altemis paucifloris bracteam membranaceam sequantibus, nuce
depresso-globosa mucronata tuberculato-echinata alba, subtus sulcis tribus
eporosis impressa. — N, ab E, in Ed, n, phil, joum, (1834) n, 34. p, 267. —
Scleria, Watt, cat, n, 3406. Sillet ; Wallich.

2. H. capi latum (N. ab E. :) culmo crccto simplici, spiculis capita tis foliis-

DiPLAcauM. SCLERIEiE. 119

one hinuds^ nuce nigosa tuberculata basi trifariam biporosa^ squamis mascu-
hs apice fimbiiato-l^ris. — N. ab E, in Ed, n. phU, joum. (1834) n, 34.
p, 2ffl. Ceylona ; Macrae.

XXXIV. DIPLACRUM. R. Br.

Spiculss didines^ monoBCSB^ pauciflorse. Spicuke masculsd parvse^ ad basin
fteminese laterales^ squamis scariosis. Stamina tria. Spicula foeminea subcen-
tzalis^ e squamis quatuor^ quarum duse superiores majores cuspidated per-
sistentes. Hyi)ogynium nullum aut disciforme. Stylus trifidus. Nux glo-
bosa, squamis duabus supremis spicule in formam utriculi bidentati conni-
ventibus rigidulis inclusa. — Inflorescentia : Glomeruli axiUares et terminales
pleiostachjL Gramina humilia. Spiculee parv®.

1. D. Zeylanicum (N. ab E. :) fasciculis tristachyis capitatis 'axillaribus^
squamis foemineis trifidis aristatis. — Olyra Malaccensis^ WaU. cat. n. 3540. h
(ex Jr».). In Ceylona ; Macrae.

An revera distinctum a D. caridno, R. Br. ?

Trib. VI. ELYNE^.

XXXV. COBRESIA. WiUd.

!• C. laxa ^N. ab E. :) spica subdecomposita subsecunda, spicis linearibus
approximatis inferiori setaceo-bracteata composita^ masculis terminalibus in-
tra squamam nudis^ squamis oblon^o-lanceolatis acutis processu accessorio
filiformi margine semilato-scabro valvulam superante, culmo supeme treque-
tro scabro, foliis lineari-acuminatis planis. — a. ; spica densiori, foliis latioribus
culmo brevioribus. — iV. ab E. in herb. Royle. n, 102. — ^ ; spica laxa^ spicis
partialibus laxe squamosis^ squamis valvula plerumque brevioribus^ foliis an-
gustioribus culmum gracilem subsequantibus. — N. ab E. in herb. Royle, n. 81.
Nepalia; Royle.

Uncinia spartea, Spr., (quea Carex spartea, Wahlenb., C. indica, Schkuhr.),
hujus loci esse videtur. Sed seta nee evidenter clavata^ nee basi ciliata^ qua-
re pro certo effari^ quee suspicor^ nolebam.

XXXVI. TRILEPIS. N.abE.

1. T. Royleana (N. ab E. :) triandra, spica composita densa^ spiculis apice
masculis^ squamula propria subsolitaria^ foliis latiusculis felcatis culmique
trigoni angulis scaberrimis. — N. et E. in herb. Royl. n. 119 ; in Ed. N, Phil.
Joum. (1834) n. 34.^. 267. In Nepalia; Royle.

* T. Lhotzkiana (N. ab E. :) diandra^ spiculis simplicibus fasciculatis axil-
laribus^ squamulis propriis binis^ foliis lineari-subulatis. — N. ab E. in Ed. N.

PhU. Joum. (1834) n. 34. p. 267. — Caxex Lhotzkiana, herb. Endlich.

Brasilia, ubi in Corcovado Lhotzky invenit.

Trib. VII. CARICE^.

XXXVII. CAREX. Linn,

Species Indicae plerseque ad earn sectionem pertinent, quarum spiculae (trigynae) an-
drogyns apiceque masculse in spicas compositas decompositasque, th^oideas aut
corymbosas axillares pedunculatas di8])08it8e sunt, et in communem denique inflores-
centiam tenninalem confluunt. His inter nostrates tres species respondent, sciL
C. panicuUttOt j^radoxa^ et teretiuscula;^ differunt aut em itse baud leviter eo. quod
bracteis foliaceis careant omnesque spiculas circa apicem culmi in unam colligant
inflorescentiam compositam brevibracteatam. Secondo loco, quod ad specierum nu-
merum, Teniunt Carices spiculis androgynis simplicibus aut compositis versus api-

120 CARICEiE. Carex,

cem culmi alteraatim sessilibus, ut in C leporina^ vulfnna, &c. Carex remoia nos-
tras etiam in Nepalia ocurrit. C. vuipinaru vulpimB peraffinis est; C. nubigena^
Don, et notolHa, mihi, C. elongatam, virentem et confines referunt. Hand exiguus est
numerus earum, ciuse spiculis gaudent solitariis axillaribus pedunculatis, aut omnibus
androjspmis aut infimis tantum cum aliquot terminalium masculis. Cum C Btue.
bawntt duse congruunt species : C inftueata et brevibraoteata mihi, quibus spica ter.
ininalis est androgyna, reliquas autem fcemineae. C. lachnosperma, Wall., et Umgicru-
fis mihi, spiculis pedunculatis in axillis foliorum aggregatis et longe vaginatis, ad
CobreHam genus accedunt. C. DavalliamB ad latus accedlt C. trinervu nobis. Qua
apud nos copiosissime eccurrunt Carices, spicis ad sexum distinctis, terminalium una
aut pluribus masculis, inter Indicas nostras parcius sparguntur. Ex hisce respondet :
C, Koyleana, Carioi pihUifera et tameniosa; C. oatpUiHa, C. ciBpitoseB; C. pspchro-
phila, C. fuliginosas ; C. fusifwmis^ C. sylvaticce ; C. Doniana, C. Psetido-Cypero ;
C. Fedia N. ab E., et Wallichtana, Presc. respondent C. pellita^ Muhlenb. C. palu-
do8a nostas etiam in Nepalia offenditur. C. ligtUaris inter omnes excellit membra-
na ligulari, os vaginae atque laminsB axillam cingente.

§ 1. Spicula in culmo solitaria.

1. C. M»en;i* (N. ab E. :) stigmatibus . . . , fructu . . . , spi-
cula mascula cylindrica culmi altitudine^ squaiiiis ovalibus obtusis membra*
naceis brunneis linea viridi apice albo-membranaceis, foliis planis linearibus
trinervibus culmoque teretiusculo Icevibus. — Royk, herb. n. 138 (ex parte.)
Nepalia ; Royk.

Species distincta, sed latet foemina ; 2^ poll, altii, spica 1 \ poll. Vaginas
longSB^ striatee. Folia 3, ad basin culmo paulo breviora, lamina angusta^ dor-
80 trinervi^ demum complicata. Squamse 3 lin. longee^ rufse apice silbsB. Sta-
mina longa. Antheise lineares^ luteee. Quod ad squamas C. DavalliaruB ac-
cedit, sed sunt eee duplo minores et folia longe diversa.

2. C. parva (N. ab E. :) spicula androgjma obconica, stigmatibus binis (?),
fructibus conico-subulatis laevibus ore obbque truncato^ squamis fcemineis infe-
ris panels ovatis obtusis cum acumine longo setaceo^ masculis pluribus lan-
ceolato-acuminatis, culmo striato teretiusculo folioque caulino Isevibus. —
Royk. herb, n 138 (ex parte). Nepalia ; Royk.

In consortio C. trinervis crescere videtur, quacum promiscuum imum in-
veni hujus speciei specimen. Inter cognitas species sola C Wilkknoviana ac-
cedit nostrse.

3. C — Royk. herb. n. 122 (ex parte). Nepalia; Royk.

Spicula longe pedunculata, tota fceminea^ basi subramosa^ cylindrica ; ra-

muli 2 ad basin altemi, pauciflori. Squamse ovatae^ mucronato-acutse^ fructus
ssquantes;; dorso medio virides trinerves, latere rufse. Stigmata 3 : fructus
ovales^ subrhombei^ depresso trigoni^ subpedicellati, brevimucronati^ tomen-
tulo denso griseo-viridi seabro vestiti. — Adest folii pars, rigiduli, 2 lin. lati,
plani, carinati, parum ad margines scabri, quod nescio an ad banc spicam
pertineat.

§ 2. Spiculis androgynia sessilibus compositisve.

4. C. nubigena (Don:) spica composita oblonga, e spiculis pluribus ap-
proximatis confertisve ovatis, bracteis e basi membranacea truncata foliaceo-
cuspidatis, inferiorum foliolo spicula spicave longiore, fructibus erectis ovatis
ovalibusve plano-convexis glabris dorso striatis margine nudo denticulatove,
rostro brevi bidentato, stigmatibus duobus, squamis ovatis cuspidatis albido-
membranaceis vlridi-carinatis fructu paulo brevioribus, culmo obtuse trigono
IsBvi, foliis lineari-angustis carinatis convolutisve margine scabris. — Don, fl,
Nep. p. 42; N. ab E. in herb. Royk. n. 107, 131, 132, 133, 137, et 147 (ex

parte) ; Wight, cat, n. 1908, — Carex, Wall. cat. n, 3396. Peninsula Indies

orien talis; Wight. Nepalia; WaUich; Royk.

Folia in nostris noh convoluta, sed carinata margine scaberrima : Perig3mii
margines modo tuberculis aliquot aspersi, modo nudi et kcves. Var. fi. spi-
culis infcrioribus compositis, et tum Carici divuls€B similis est, qusQ quidem
ffpiculis fhictibusquc duplo fere majoribus aliisque notis satis dilBfert

n

6. C. remola ([lian.:) spiculia HndrosjniE basi maflcnliB Bimplicibus alter-
nis distaDtibus, bracteis foliaceis longissimis, stigiaatibus binis, fructibus otb-
tistlepreasis glabriE obtuse margmatu ore bceri obtuse bidentato, cubno trigo-
no flaocido, laliiB linearibua elongadg mollibus glabris culmum tequaBtibus.— -
Linn. sp. pi. p. 1383 ; WiUd. tp. jd. 4. p. 239 ; Schk. oar. p. 46. n. S6. t. e.f.
23*; Hwf. ifram. 1 . p. 40. (. 52 ; W^leiib. ant. Holm. 1803. p. 148 ; JV. o6. fi.
in herb. Buyle. n. 108, 100, 128, 134. Ntpalb; Rnyle.

Exempla Ncpaleosia ub EuropEeia difienmt : spiculis (in culmo soUtaj alti-
tudinis) stepc miooribus, apicem varsus paulo confertioribus, squamis fnicU-
busque dimidio stspc minoribus, his magia virentibos; sed uullas pneteioa in-
venio diSerentias.

6. C Tiotolsia (N. ab E. i) spies baai subisUimipta, romulis appressia dcdso
spiculigeris obloagts, inferioribus subcylindricis longioribns, euperioribua ap-
prosimatis, bracteis e basi dilatata membranacea setaceis epicis suis breviori-
bns, iafimis tuntum conspicuts, Fructibus erectia ovatis doreo convexo lEBvisai-
mo nitence, rostra brevi bidentato marginibusque superiua aerralato-Bcabtis,
stigmatibns duobus, squamis ovatis subulato-acuminatis flavo-yicentibus, cul-
mo trigono supemi; scabro.— JV. ab K. in Act*. Boyte. n. 106. et 126. — CareXj
WaU.cat. n. 3387 (ex parte). Nepalia; Bos/le; WaiHeh.

Accedit C. rireTiti, Lam. et DC, sed differt spieis partialibus longioribuB
aqoamis marine non femigineis, dorso petigynii la;vissimo. Quod ad liabi-
tum magis fere propiaqiia C. ditmhee ; bujua autem frui^tus nmrginc Iteves in-
veniuntor et squamie acutjuscolie, ncc looge subulate.

7. C. tmtpmarU (N. ab E. :) spiea ovata obtusa compaeta, spiculis com-
positis ovatis imbricatis, fructibus ovatis bldentatis compressis subgibbosis
erectis, squamis ovads membmnsceo-acutis pallide fiiscis, bracteis obsotetis,
cnlmo triquutro fotiiaquc liaeari-cloiigratis margine scabris.— iV. ab E, in herh.
Soyle. a. 73. Nepalia ; Rogle.

Differt a, C. vulpina coluio graciljore, foliis augustioribus et longiotibus,
spicB brevi (j-f poll, louga] imbricata, squamis teuuioribus, pallide bruoneds
mai^ne paltidioribus apice non herbaceo-rigiduleque cuspidads. Bed aoutis
aouBiiiie membranaceo, &uctu dimidio fcrc nuuorc. A C. muUiflora jam bIa(^-
teis minimc cmersiB, brcvissimis mere mcmbrannceis aut brevi-setigeria, fhic-
ta jnajori, &c., distinguitur.

8. C.foliom (Don:) spiculis pluribus androgj'nis com^ositis ovato-oblongia
sdprcBsis approximatis inferioribus cemotiuscubs, bracteis bracteoliaque e 1^-
■i lata membraaacea ttotaceis elougads, stigmatibus duobus, fructu ovali ros-
tnto miLrgine primum scabco dein glal>ro, squamis ovatis aristato-mucronatis
lestaceis carina viridi culmique triquetri angulis scabotrimis, foliis lincaiibus

plauis.— Don.,^. Nep. p. 42.— C. Wallicbiana, Spr. t. v. p. 812. Nepalia ;

Watlich; Royle.

Stature C. maricat(P. Adspeclua spicte fere quabs C. intermedi/e. An C.
vulpirue forma ?

§ 3, Spiculia androggnis brevibus per ae setsHibus, sed in spica» axillaret p6~
dutwulatas toliUtrms vel gaainas, compotilai decampomtasve, coniposilat
laxaive, quandoque et eorymbifonneg aut distiiAo-pluinMit difpotita.

9. C. gpicigera (N. ab E. :) spicuUs androgynia spicatia ovalibus quatenlia
Vupeme xnasculis, spieis axluaribus cxacrto pedunculatis, stigmatibus temia,
fructibus ovatis primuin compressis dcin trigoais ncrvosis marque scabris bi-
dentatis squamam ovatam mucroniLtam superantibus, foliis angustis culmo
loDgioribus. In Ceylona; Macrae.

10. C. Lindlegana |_N. ab E. :) spieis decom|ioeito-glomeratis ovalibus, in-
ferioribus longc pedunculatis solitariis geminisvc, supremis confluentibus,
rhachi strigosa, spiculis ovatis ferrugineis apice roosculis, stigmatibus temis,
Mictu tr^;:ono ovato nerroso g^labro roBtrnto squama ovata acuminato-anHtata

I
I

I

I

ISK

CABICK^.

Cabbx." 1

loDgiore, foliis ongustis apice scirulato-scabria culuio brcviotibua. — Wight.

ml. ». 1909. In Ueylona, et PeoinsQla Ind. or.

Viiriat, a; culmi nrticulJB siiperioribua infra nodoH petluncuUsqve Btrigi-
loso-scabtis, spicis aolilariia. — fi; culiai articulis omnibus pedunculiafjue gla-
bris anguiis superius scabris, apicis mediie geniinia, raclii minus strigiloaa. —
y; ciilmo digitali, foliis breviore.

11. C. Wightiana (N. ab E. :) spicie decomposito-glomeratia obion^s infe-
riocibus longc pedunculatia suprcmis confluentibus, mcbi glabra, spiculis ob-
loogiii imbncatis apice extremo masculis, stigmatibus teniisj fructu erecto tii-
gono ovali norvoao inter nerves scabro rostrate squama' ovali acuta striata |
pallida duplo longiore, folita latO'linearibus scabemmis bracteisque culmam
Bupernntibua. — t^ght. cat. n. 1910. Peninsula Indiie orientalis; Wight.

Froxima C. £in^^nn<?, scd diSbrt: foliis longissimia latisqne, spicis an-
guatioribus oblongia, spieulis flavo-viridibus neo fusco-rufis, fructuque inter
nerros valde prominulcia liispido-acabro.

12. C, rophidotarpa (N. ab E. :) spicis compositia decompositisque oblon-
gia densiusculia aolitariia gemtniavc, infimu longe jpeduncuLita, rcliquis sub-, I
incluse pedunculatis, supremis confluentibus, rachi liirsuta, spiculis altemiB ,
appioximalia ovatis paucifloiis apicc extrcmo mfu^culis, stigmalibua tenia,
fructn patente oblongo trigono longe rostrato netvoso glabro margine aubci-
liato aquama ovali aubolato-acumiuata. duplo lonrioce, foliia linearibua longio

subtus vaginisque birtb. — Wight, cat. n. 1911. -Peninsula IndiiD orientals;

Wight. !

Proxima lia;c species C. Lindleyanm et WightianiE differt nb utraqut
printo adspectu fruotlbus squarroso-patentibus longiori rostro preeditis ct spi- I
cis ioxioribua.

13. C. haeeam (N. ab E. ;') spicis compoeitis Bubinclitsc pedunculatis infe-
riorlbua rcmotis, rachi triquetra scabra rigida, spiculis cy lindricis apice mas-
culis isftrioribus spicnrum geminis temisTe, ati^natibus ternia, fnictu ovato,
inflato dorso gibbo ongulatoque ad nervoa scabro brevirostti patenti-rocurvo' I
squamam ovaCam setacco-cuspidatam subEequaiite, bracteia omnibus foUaceia.| |
elongatia foliisque latiuscule liueiirilms inargine nerrisque scabris culmum tri-'

quetrura tEquantibua. — Wight, cat. n. 1912. Peninsula IndiiB orientalis;

Wight.

Variat, fl; ftuctu magis inflate, at minus eviilenter nervose, rngeao, craa-
sioscido, caryepsin non minus perfcctam maturamque continente. In uno ]
autem ejuamodi fructu alterius pciigynii rudimenlum ad latus caij'Dpaeos' ]

14. C. wyosaruB (N. ab E. :) spicis eompo^itia axilkribus exacite peduncu- .
tatis, spiculis altemia elongatia curvis multifieris supcine maijuulis, stigmati-'
bus tcmis, fructn trigono gibbo basi attenuate rostro brevi billdo raurgine Be^- '
rulato scabro laciniis proeuterBis, squamis conforniibus imbricatis ovads mu-'
gine mcinbranaceis obtusiusculis mucronatis glabris, inferioribus qnadrifama.
pallidis, euperioribus a medio fere masculia fuscis, foliis linearibus lon^

fine scabna.— B^sftf. cat. n. 1913.— Carex, Wall. cat. n. ^^"^ «"-•"
nd. or. in montibus Dindygul (2600 pedum altitudjne)
Watlii^h.

A C, emineiite vix satis difiert, nisi notis declaratis, pneseitim spiculis
pe lupollicitribus infeme quadrangulia e viridi lutcoque variis, apice squamia
nia«c<ilis arctius incumbontibua fuEcisquc quasi caudatis, nee multo tomcn
angustioribuB. Bractete superiores filiformes, longtc.

Ifi. C. eminent (N. ab E. :) apicis dccomposilis axilluribua exserte pedi
cnlatis nutantibus, spiculis fasciculatis temis quatemlB attenuatis undatis mul-
tifloris supome mascufis, stigmatibus tertiis, fructu ovato-Ianceolato biapida
ciliato, rostro brevi biSde laciniis obtuse trideutatis, squamis Eoqualibus in-
bricatis bnmneit mvginc merobranace^is obtusiusculis, loferiotibue fcemineii

-Peninsula
Nepalia;

\

obkiiifo-laaccolatis subbifnriis, supctioribus a medio ovatia wasculis, supte-
mia acutis, foliis linearibua loogis culmoquescabris. — Coiex, Watt. eat. n. 3307>
Goasain-than ; Wallich.

16. C. Indiea (Willd. :) spjcU Eubdecompositis subpinnatis axUlaribus in'
ferioribus ciserte pedunculatis, racbi angulata acabemma, spiculis altemis
Eubdisdchis Icredbus acutis bast fcemLneia, stigmatibua temia, fnictu trigouo-
ovBto rostraU) nervoBo striate scabro, sqiiamis subi^qualibua imbiicatia ovatis
macronatia fiemineia paulo longius mucronatia E[;abris, foliis latiuscnle linca-
ribus mar^c acabria, floralibna spicas auas auperantibus. — Wilid. up. pi, 4. p.
246; WahUnb. act. Holm. 1803. p. 149 ; N. ab E. in herb. Royle. n. 23. et 85 ;
Wight, eat. n. 1914.— Carex, WaO. cat. n. 3400. a (ex parte), 6 (ex parte).
N^alia ; Royle ; Wallich, Peninsula Ind. or. ; Wight.

Siioiba C. metogywE, aed facilia diatinotu e Bpiculia baai non laxe squamo-
sa proptereaque non attcnuato-aessillbua, turn aquamia cnnformibua ovatis
nervD in Diucmnem producto, quandoque auCem lubmuticis, fiEmitieis mican-
ti-scabris dorao viridlbus margine pallide luteacentJbuB.

17. C. eondensala (N. ab G. :) spicis dccompositis densia ovatis nxiUaribus,
inferioribns exserte pednnculatia rhachi angulata Bulphureo-liispidissiinn, spi-
culis altcmatim appToximatis lanceolatis terctibus acutis basi fiemineia, atig-
matibiis ternis, &uctu ovato-laDceolato rostrato baai tri^ono, aquamia cequa-
libns imbiicatis ovatis mucionatis membtanaccia griaeis, fcemineis tongiiu
mncnmatia, foliis latiuacule lineaiibus margine cubnoque trigono acabna, flo-
ndibus apicas suas supcrantibua mar?i:ne bispidulis. — iV. ab E. in herb. Roffle.
n. 83- — Carex, Wall. cat. n. 3400. 6 (ex parte). — ^,Jlam; apiculia fiavescen-
tibus, iofloresoentia breviori (nondum cvoluta). — Cares, Walt. cat. ». 9398.
InNepalia; Royle. Kamaon ; Wallich.

18. C. valida (N, ab E. :) spicia ffl^sciculato-deeompositis androgynia pe-
dUDCulatia aolitariia, inferiocibua axillaribuB remolia, lenninalibus corymbosis,
apiculis aub^lometatis infeme patulo-fixmineis supeme masculis, stigmatibus
temis, fructibuB ovatia trigonia rostratts patulia glabris squama ovata acumi:-
nata membranaeea fusco-purpuraecente paulo longioribua, culmo crasso valir
do, involncris foliisque lato-linearibus gkbris rigidia culmum sii^uantibus bu-
petantibuave. Id Ceylona. Cbina, ad Macao et in insulis vicmis; VarML

19. C. meiogyna (N. ab E. :) spicia compoaitia axillaribus, inferioribua ex-
serte pedunculatis, racbi angulata raebillaque acabra, apiculia altemia approxi-
matis teretibns acutis baai laxe aquamosia itemineis, attginatibua temis, fracti-
hna . . , aquamia ftEmineia minoribus ovato-lanceolatia subacutis, maacu-
lia pluribus arete imbricntis ovatia obtuaia bronneia, foliis latiuacule Imearibus
planis margine acaberrimis floralibus pleriaque spicas auaa supcrantibua. — iV.
tA E. in herb. Royle. n. 82 ; W'ght. eat. n. I91&.— S ; spicubs minus patulis,

BubimbrLcatiB.— irijA(. cat. n. 1915. 6. — Carex, WaU. cat. n. 3400. e. Ne-

palia ; Wallich ; Royle. Peninaula Ind. or, ; Wight.

DiSert a C. ramosa: spiculis aDg^atioribus bnsi luxe squamosia et aquamia
mascnlia obtuais, ncc fcemineia evidentcr acutatia, omnibus partibua minoribus
et anguatioribua.

20. Cfilidna (N. ab B. :) spiels pinnato-deeompositissupradecomposi
one androgynia peduncnlatis densis, spiculis supeme masculis infeme laxe
femincia, stiginntibus temia, fmctibua lanceolatia subnlato-rostratis squamis
omtia obtusiusculia longioiibus, culmo laxo, foliis latis acabris, — Wight, cat.
n. 1916. — ^, minor; spicis minoribus, magis approximatia, fructjbua paulo

brevioribus.— ITfjAf. cat. n. 1916. 6. In Feniusula Indiffl orientalis ; Wight.

Ceylona ; Macrae.

Pulclira spiciea, C. polgataehj/rt, magisque etiam eladostachya, Wablenb.
milia, aed diveraa dispositione pinnata et colore rubro-fuaco apiculantm, fo-
liis is lineas latis, sqnamia ovatis, tempore fructua obtusis.

21. C. (nin'ota (Wablenb.:) spicis Gabdecompoaitis asillaribua infiraa

1

97. ^M

I

J

}» CAKICE^. Oau<,^

BCTte pedunculata, tachi angukta icabni, epicults altemis divaricatis distantt-
buB linearibufi hxe squamosis, squatuis ma«culis tenninaltbus subtemie, fvim-
neis pluribus, etigmatibus temiB, fnictu subiecuTvo oblongo subtrigono ner-
Toso-atriuto elabro loDgtrOEtii, squomis Ecemineia altarnis ex ovata basi aetaceia
setaceove ansCads fructu brcvionbus scAbris, foliis ktiusculc lineanbua cut-
mum Buperantibus culmoque giacili Crjgono Itcvibua, foUis florallbiu apical
suas superantibus. — f; aquamis paJlidis longe sctaccis. — N.ab E. in herb.
Rogle-n. ma 87 ^-C. cmciala, WiAlenb. act. Rolm. 1803. p. im; WiUd.»p.pl.
4. p. 248.— Carex, ITatf. eat. R.S400.a (ck parte).— ^; e^uamia poIUde feFru- I
gineis ovatU setaceo-amtatis, Gpicis cominuiiibus ternia brevioribus ovato f

anibiCu, dec oni posit is densioribua. — Wight, eat. n. 1917- «■ NepaliBiJ

Royle. Kamaon; Waliidt.^S. Peninsula Ind. or.; Wight.

A C.Jitkina diSeit infloresci.-ntia laxioru el squamia subulato-cuspidatis.

§ 4. SfHculii omnibut andro^nia nolitariit aut conipotUiii, peduaculU axiilan- |
btu fiuviKulatU.

22. C laiAnotipei'ma (Wall. :) Bpicis filifonnibus oomuis &pice mascnliE
longc pcdoDCiUatis, radiis fesciculatia infeiioribua temiinalibuBqne eolitariia,
htanieas foliaccis elocgatia, Togiuia pednaculo multo brevioribua, bucdbiut
ovatis nervoao-striatia pubescenti-seabris patuUs, squamis ovalibos mucronato- ,
acutis Gquanm brevioribus margine scabria cloDgatis. — Wall, cat n. SSJSi ,
X. lib E. in herb. Royk. n. 103.— C, flexilia, Don.Jl. Nep. p. 42.— C. lenta, I
Spr. a. V. 3. p. 811. Nepalia ; Rogle ; Wallich.

23. C. longicrarii (N. ab E. :) apJculis faacicutatia inclase pednncniatitij
compoaitis aimplicibuBvc laxia inclusv peduDCulatk apice masculis, va^~^ ^
biactcalibua superioribua partial ibuaque sctigeria, stigmatibua binia capiBa..
bus pnelongia, fructibus ovalibua bicooveib rostcatia glabria, junioribus matl^ I
glue ciliato-aerratb, sqiiamts fcemincis altemis patulis ovali-oblnnns mucr^l
futto-acutis luteo-Tufis, culmo gracili, foliia longis linearibus stnctis aupA r

scaberrimia.- JV. d6 E.in herb. Ruyle. n. 93; Wight, cat. n. 1918. Ncpa^ I

lia; Roi/le. Peninsula Ind. or. ; Wight.

C. lachjumpentue inter cognitas maiinic propinqua.

§ 6, SpiculU omnibui androgynin peduaculatit. »uperieribttt toiitariit, JnffmA.fl
qmmdoque compoailia.

24. C.longipes (Don.:) spicia plaribiis altcrnis anguKte cylindricia laxl^A
apice maeculia, itiferioribuB basi quandoque compositia pedunculo longo e;^ I
aerto, stigmatibus binis elon^tis, fmcCibua (maturis) lata ovalibua ^bcf f
nervoso-Btriatis lon^ roatratia, rostro marine Bemtlatci ecabro apice bifidivl
BquanuB obloo^ anstatis flavia doiso viridt fructum ffiqiumtibus, culmo gra- I
cili, fuliis angustis acabria bractealibusque clongatia. — Don.Jt. yep. }>.43;

WisW. cat. n. 1919. In Nepalite alpibua; Wallich. Peninaula India

orientalis ; Wight.

BimiUima C. lachmuperma. Wall., a qua diSert fructibua macis deprrarit
latioribus glabria apicisque infcrioribua basi quandoque compositia, (licet uQft
altecsTQ LiDtummodc adait apicula partialis, in aliia autem nulla omninft) ;
turn equamia in acumen setaceum aquajita paulo broviuB excurrentibas. Pb-
dunculi gracillimi, hinc spjcute asepe nutantes. C longieruri* difibrt: spieii
incluao pcdunculatia paucifioris, aquamis brcvimucronatis, fmctibus minraibtB i
ma^ convcxis. a m

5 6. Spiculis mnnilnu androgj/tm, aolitariis, pedujtculatis. , 1

25. C. mpervia (N. ab E. :) spicia subquinis pedunculatis cjlindricis, tcr-
minali infernc maacnia, infima rcraotiiiacula, bractcis foliaccis cvi^inatis,
Rtigmotibus Ccmia, fructibus ovalibus dcprcsais quinque-costatis BUb^iBStiDo
punctato-exaspetatia, fostro aogusto bidente fnictu paulo broviori, si

Carkk. CABICEA'.

fcemiiieiB oLIongiB aj:uLia, mnsculis laiiL'eobtO'Bobutatia, cubno triquetro s
gulis acabris. — JV. ab E. in Itvrb. Rogte. n. 111. Nepalia; Ragle.

C. Caiiimticte, Stcvon. et Buxbaumii noiinihil affinis, dificrt tostro ffuctua
anniato, ejusque superficte dense punctulato-aspera ct basin versuB i
plicata, 5-^-coBtata.

26. C hamatoitoma (N. ab E. :) spjcuiia subaenls alternie exsortc pedtm-
culads erectis cylindricis baai masciilis (an dioicis t) inferioribus bracteatis,
atigmatibus temis, ihictibuE oblongO'lonceolatis pubescentibuB ore fUacO'
ssn^ineo bidcutatis, smiamts oTatis brevi-cuspidatis fusco nitidia albo-cari-
natls maigisatisque, ciilmo compresEo striato infcrne Iteri, foliis lincaribns \
planis marine et carina scabris cultnuni mquantibus. — N. ab E. in Aert. !
Re^le. n. 110.- Nepalia; Royh.

In DOstTo exemplo spicco omnes pure fsminefe squamis paucia ad basin
oninino sterilibus reliquis confonnibuB. Non sufficit igitiu boc unuin speci-
men Bil rite stabiliendam ^eciem. Attatuen diatinctEe specie! esse in propa-
tulo eat Ad C. atratam quudammodo accediU

Z7. C. Nepalentii (Spr. :) digyna, vaginis eiongatja pedunculo brevioribus,
spioia atrictis cylindraceis apice maaculis, glumia lanceolatia longe cuapidatiSj
fructibus ovatis rostratis scaberimb costatia apice bipartids. — C. macrolepis,
Don.Jl. Nep. p. 42. In NeptjiEe alpibua,; Waitich.

Inter exeinpla, quia vidi, hcec non occutrebat.

§ 7. Spicuia lerTiiinati androgyna, rdiguis Jiemineii,

28. C. iii/uecata (N. ab E. :) spicia 4-fi ralde approximatia ovalibua seasi-
libuB, mediis minoribuG, aupTemabaaiTnascuk, inferioribus fisnuneis infimare
sola foliaceo-bracteatis, bractea evaginata, stiginadbiis ternis, fnictibus ovali-
bua gibboso-trigonis glabris mucrone brevi truncato squamas ovaCas acuCas
ftiligmco-nigrss superantibus, culmo triquetro apice acabro incuivo. — iV. a&
E. i» ftert. Royle. n. 1 18. et 123.—? fl ; microcarpa.— Cares, Wail. cat. n. 3381
(ex parte, specimen mutilum), Nepalia; Royki Wallieh.

Diffcrt a C. Buxhaumii : culmo humiliote incurvo, foliis culmo breyioribua,
spicis pluribua brevioribua onmibua aut auperioribus saltern praeter infimam
in formani fere capituli confeitis, mediisque fere duplo minunbua baai aupre-
mnsppreBsi^ aquami^ fere conooloribus niBco-nigria, nervo carinali in pauoia-
tdmis apicem versus virente, in pleriH(]ue paulo pallidiore, fnictu angusCiore
brevi mucrone pnedito nee omnino tnineatOj squamis mascuUs non majori-
bns, ut in C, fluxbaumii, aed minoribua reliquis. Var. £. fortasse diverse est
spetnei, difiert squamia ^cdbuaquc dimidio minoribus, brevioribus, illia ob-
tnsiiiBcalia, culmo altiore gracili.

29. C. parvibracteata (N. ab E.:) spicis fcBtnineis temis, inferiori remota
pedunculata rclic[uis subeessilibus, Ccnninali infeme masculo, bracteia eva^-
natis aubnlada brevissimia, scigmatibus temis, fiucdbua oblongis apice emat-
ginato-bidcntatis stylo prominulo, aqiiamia ovatis acutiusculis apice denticu-
latis fiuicis carina viridi, masculis majoribus, ciUmo triquetro gracili angolis
scabris, foUis clongatis. — JV. ab E. in herb. Royle. n. 124. Nepalia; Royle.

Est societatc C. Buxbaumii, asperuta et affinium, 8(|uamai acutie, nee
acuminatffif, apice denticulatie et Hcabriusculte, fuaco-sanguinese, margine alba,
oarina viridi. Stylus exsei^tus. Culmna gracilis, acute triquetei', angulis
scabris. Folia plana, acuminata, latiuscula, acabra, culmo altiora. Bractete
absque vagina, lineari-subuIaCffi, spica sua multo breviores. Spicie trea, in-
ferior remotior, pedunculata, reliquEB sesailes.

§ 8. Spictiliji tolitariU, inferioribus peduncuktis androgynig, tuprema aut mkt
aut plurSnu mtuculig.

30. C. cona)b» (N. ab E. :) spiculis snbterais maximc distantibua, una
Bubradicali nuaquc media androgpiis lincaribus supcme masculis longe pe-

I

I

126 CARICEjE. Cxrex.

dunculatis brevivaginatis^ saprema (an ctiam androgyna ?) nuda, stigniatibus
temis^ fructibns grossis ventricoso-trigonis rostratis dense subtiliterque stria-
tis carinis scabris squamis rhombeo-ovatis obtusis confertim striatis totis ber-
baceo-viridibus duplo longioribus^ culmo trigone^ foliis latiusule linearibus

planis acuminatissimis cuhno longioribus. — Carex, WaU, cat n. 8891.

R^mabl; Wallich.
rlanta speciosa, elatior^ foliis multis fere radicalibus longis insignis.

81. C. phacota (Spr. :) spicis cylindricis subquinis approximatis nutantibus,
inferioribns foemineis apice masculis^ tenninali binisve terminalibus masculis^
bracteis foliaceis evaginatis^ stigmatibus binis^ fructibus obovatis basi cuneatis
brevissime rostratis papilloso-micantibus depressis^ squamis obcordatis e sinu
setaceo-aristatis^ arista feminea squama fructuque longiore^ mascula breviore^
culmo ane^tissime triquetro^ foliis bracteisque culmum superantibus lineari-
bus planis margine carinaque scaberrimis. — Spr, s. v. 8. p, 826 ; Wight cat

». 1920. — C. lenticularis^ Don, prod, fi, Nep. p. 48- In Nepalise alpibus ;

Wallich. Peninsula Ind. or. ; Wight

CI. Don flores masculos in apice spicularum fertilium baud observavit.
Squamae masculse castaneee^ carina viridi ; foeminese virides^ margine castaneo
p^diori.

82. C. hymenolepis (N. ab E. :) spicis cylindricis (subquinis) altemis, in-
ferioribns androgynis supeme masculis incluse pedunculatis^ superioribus
sessilibus totis masculis^ stigmatibus temis^ fructibus (immuturis; rostratis
bidentatis scabris (lanceolatis)^ squamis oblongo-ellipticis albo-membranaceis
subulato-cuspidatis^ culmo triquetro^ foliis linearibus longissimis scabris^ ra-
dice repente. — Carex, WaU, cat n, 8885. Nepalia ; Wallich.

Affinis C. aetigercBp at major^ et spicis albis distincta.

38. C. setigera (Don. :) spicis pluribus cylindricis erectis, inferioribns an-
drogynis pedunculatis pedunculo infimae remotiusculo exserto^ superioribus
2-8 approximatis sessilibus masculis^ stigmatibus temis^ squamis membrana-
ceis late ovalibus cuspidato-mucronatis testaceis limbo pallido^ fructu late
ovato brevirostri pubescenti-scabro ; bractea inferiori vaginante, foliis lineari-
bus margine carinaque scabris. — Don.fl, Nep. p. 48. — Carex, Wall, cat n. 8381
(ex parte). — /S, ugtilaginosa. — N. ab E. in herb. Royle. n, 117. — y, humilis;
culmo 2-8-pollicari, foliis magis glaucis^ complicatis. — N, ab E. in herb.
Royle. n. 121. Nepala; Wallich; Royle.

§ 9. Spicis seoou distinctis in eodem cuhno, mascula singula terminali.
a. Spicis foemineis tessilibtis vel incluse peduncuUUis.

34. C. obscura (N. ab £. :) spicis foemineis pluribus imbricatis lanceolatis^
inferiori pedunculata^ reliquis sessilibus subsessilibusve^ terminali mascula
obovato-lanceolata^ bracteis foliaceis evaginatis^ stigmatibus temis^ fructibus
(immaturis) oblongis emarg^ato-bidentatis margine scabris^ squamis ovatis
obtusis fiiscis^ culmi triquetri angulis foliisque planis margine scaberrimis. —
JV. ab E. in herb. Royle. n. 112. Nepalia; J?o^/!?.

Ad C. alopecurum, Don., et C. punctatam accedit.

35. C. Victorialis (N. ab £. :) spica mascula una, foemineis subtemis in-
cluse pedunculatis erectis cylindraceis angustis, stig^natibus temis, fructibus
lanceolatis (?) rostratis ore integro glabris, squamis foemineis late ovaUbus
emarginatis interjecto mucrone, masculis majoribus elliptico-oblongis subre-
pandis obtusis cum mucrone, culmo humili, foliis bracteisque foliaceis lineari-
bus vaginatis margine scaberrimis, rbizomate crasso fusco-fibroso. — iV. ab E.
in herb. Royle. n. 145. Nepalia ; Royle.

Exemplum nostrum floribus gaudet absque fructu ; distinctam tamcn esse
spccicm apparet. C miliacea, Willd., verbb descriptionis magis, quaro re-
apse convenit.

CARICE^.

:i

36. C. Rosleana (N. ub E. :) spica niascula Bolitatis, ftamineis subternu

oylindricis, binia suporioribus appcoximatia sessilibus, inferiori incluso pe-
(htnculata, peduncolo brevi, bracteie foliaceia subevaginatis, atigmatibus ter-
nia, frucUbus ovntU subroatr&tis bidentatia pubcsceattbus aqaamam ovalem
aubulato-Guspidatam ssquantibus, culmo gntcili triqaetro basi folioso. — mi
spicia fcemineia duabus.— 2V. ab E. m herb. Soyle. n. 36. — fl ; spicis fcemineia

tribuB.— iV. afr E. in herb. Rayle. n. 1B2. NepaJia; Soyle.

Vices gerit. inter Carices NepaJenses turn C. pUuUfera, turn C. tomsTUogie.
Diffeit autcm a canctis affinibas : squamis pallidU Tiridulis rigidulisqne La
cuspidem subulatum longitudinc ipi^ius sqaamce productia et spica moscnU
Intea, sijiiamb etiam acuti^, apice nonJiiMl patulia.

b. SpicU /amineii magU i»lnu5tiB exierte pedutundatii.

37. C. ligulala (N. ab £. :) spica mascak solitaria, fismineia subquinis ap-
proiimatis subexsette pedunculatis erectis an^te cylindriciaj Btagmatiboa
tetnia, frnctibua oblongia trigono-^bbia roatratis pnboBConti-aspcruua binor-
TibuB, squamia ovatis ^mineis ex apice obtuaiiiBCulo breviaristatia pallidis,
nmacDlifi muticis, culmo trigono ad apicem folioso, foliis bracteisqiie vagina-
tia ligulatisquB planis culmo longioribua. — JV. ab E. in herb. Rm/le. n. 115 ;
Wight, eat. n. 1921. Nepalia ; Moj/le. Peninsula lad. or. ; Wight.

A. Coiicibiia omnibus distincta vaginia culmum totum vestientibua, altera
latere apicem versus fecragineo-membranaceis, liac membrana ad baeiu lami-
naj tcanseunte apiceque libera ligulam veram obtusam formante, infcrioribuB
Itispido-acabna.

38. C. putKlata (N. ab E. :) spies maseula solitarta, f<emiiicia temia sab*
cylindricia baai attenuatia approxiraatia subfostigiatiB, inferioribus puduncu-
latis ; Buperiori aubaessili, bracteia set&ceis evaginatia aniiculatis, Btigmatibua
binis stylo cxscrto, fructibus ovalibus coavexis breviroatribua quioqucaervi-
buB glabris sanguinea-punctatiB squamis ovatis obtUBis longioiibus, culmo tri-
quetro angulis foliisque planis rigidis margine scaberrimis.- — JV. ab E. in herb.
Boyle, n. 110 (aquamis roaae. fiiscis), et 125 (sq. masc. pallidia). Nepalinj

Ob puncta &uctuum baud absimilia C. Isaticulari, Dou., aed differt aquamis
obtusia ct frucCus figura, maximc autem apiculia inferioiibus baud androgynia
(quod semper in lenticuiari videbis, etiamsi cl. Don. non obaervaTerit).
SquamEB aunt fuacie, linea media lata virente. An tamen C, lentieaiaria var,?

39. C. cardiolepig (N. ab B. :) spica maseula solitaria basi bracteata, fajmi-
neia duabus distantibus pedunculatia laie cylindricia, pedunculo semiyag'i-
nato vagina ore membranacea brocbypliylla, atylo e perigyuio ptominente,
Gtigmatibua tcmia, fruetu ovuli pubesccntt-Bcabio on: oblique truncato, squa-
nus ovatibuB emurginatis e sinu subulatis, iiemlneif margiue candidia, maacu-

^1 lis.totis fuacis, culmo obsolete trigono foliisque lineatibus culmum asquauti-'

^1 boa acaberrimis. — JV. ab E. in herb. Royle. n. liS. Nepalia; Royle.

^1 Dietincliaaima equamis late emaigiuatis e ainu aubulato-mucronatis, fcemi-

^B neiB dorso iuscis margine late margaritaceis membranaceis, masculia fUacia.

L

40. C. eaipititia (N, ab E. ;) spica masc. una oblongo-cylindracea, fcemi-
eis tcrnis subupproximatis minoribus apprcssis cyliitdricis. bmcteis foliaceia
va^natis culmi triquetri anguBs foUisquc marque serTuIato^scabeirimia, in~

fima remotiuecula, atigmatibus binia, perigrnio glabro obCuao ore integro,
aquamis OTato-obtongis obtusis, fcemineia mmoribus viridibus, masculia utrin-

que vitta feiTUginea notatifi.— Carcx, Wull. cat. ti. 3302. Silhet; Wallich.

Habitu ad C. cieepitosam accedit, aed diffect chatacteribus adnotatis.

41. C. jmychropMla (N. ab E. :) spica maseula unioa, fcemineis terais, in-
feriori longe pedunoulata cemua, superloribua subsessilibua, bracteis foUaceis
vneinis subnullis, atigmatibus temia, £ructibuB ovalibua trigonia roatratis gla-
bria sqiiamam oblongam acutain nigmm auperantibus, culmo acute triquotro

I
I

I

I

128 CARlCEiE. Cabex.

scabro^ foliis planis culmo brevioribuis. — N, ab E. in fierb, Royle, n. 118.

Nepalia; Royle.

Similis primo adspectu C.fuiiginastB et/rigida, Bed. differt statura altiorc
et firmiore^ bracteis evaginatis solaque infima vagina brevissima instructa^
fnictu breviori gibboso abnipte rostrato.

42. C./tisiformis (N. ab E. :) spicb masculls subbinis^ foemineis quaternis
remotis filifonnibus laxis erectis (j), bracteis foliaceis vaginatis^ stigmatibus
ternis^ fhictibus fusifonnibus attenuato-rostratis squama ovali mncronulata
membranacea duplo longioribus, ore membranaceo bidentato^ culmo elongato

OTacili^ foliis planis margine scabriusculis. — ^. ab E. in herb, Royle, n. 88.

Nepalia; Royle.

Ad C. sylvaticam nostratem accedit proxime^ diflert autem evidenter squa-
mis non lanceolatis attenuatis^ sed ovaubus^ planis^ brevi mncronulo prseditis^
in ambitu albis, in disco pallide viridibus^ et fhictibus angustioribus^ utrin-
que^ maxime autem superius attenuatis^ rostri apioe albo-membranaceo vi-
dente. Habitus omnino C, sylvatiae, et spicse fceminess probabiliter etiam
nutant.

43. C. Doniana (Spr. :) spiculis foemineis ternis quaternisve erectiusculis
cylindricis brevipedunculatis^ mascula solitaiia^ bracteis inferioribus foliaceis
evaginatis^ fnictu patulo ovato lanceolato margine acuto in rostrum planum
bidentatum attenuato obsolete nervoso g^labro^ squamis e basi latiori lanceo-
lato-subulatis scabris albo membranaceis angustis neryo cannali viridi ex-
currente fructu brevioribus^ foliis linearibus planis margine et culmo triquetro
angulis scabris. — Spr. s. v, 3. p. 825. — C, cUorostacbys^ Don, fl, Nep. p. 43.
— -Carex, Wall. cat. n. 3395. Nepalia et Sillet ; WdUich.

Est inter Carices Indicas tanquam C. Pseudo-cyperi nostratis semula.

44. C, alopecuroides (Don. :) trigyna, vaginis nullis^ spicis foemineis erectis
cylindraceis subsessilibus^ mascul^ solitariis^ glumis cUipticis acuminatis su-
peme scabris^ fhictibus Wceolads compressis Isevibus apice truncatis emar-
ginatis. — Don,fl. Nep. p. 43. — In Nepalise alpibus ; Wallich.

45. C. Retzii (N. ab E. :) spicis erectis, mascula terminali, foemineis pe-
dunculatis quaternis, fructibus acuminatis. — C. chinensis, Retz. ohs. 3. p. 42.
——China; Bladh.

§ 10. Spicis seam distinctis in eadem stirpe masculis plurUms.

46. C. tenuis (N. ab E. :) spicis masculis ternis sessilibus, infera bractea
membranacea setigera suffulta, foeminea solitaria remotiuscula lanceolata in-
cluse brevipedunculata, bractea setacea, stigmatibus ternis, fructibus lancco-
^tis compressis margine scabris ore truncato edentulo, squamis ovatis acu-
tiusculis membranaceis rufo-femigineis albo-marginatis, culmo gracili com-
presso basi folioso foliisque angustis linearibus scabris, foliis radicalibus cul-
mum superantibus. — N.ab E. in herb. Royle. n. 120, 122. Nepalia; Royle.

47' C. cruenta (N. ab E. :) spicis masculis subcylindricis nutantibiu foeml-
neisque subternis oblongb pendulis longe pedunculads distantibus, bracteis
vaginatis foliaceis decrescentibus, stigmatibus ternis, fhictibus oblongo-lan-
ceolatis acuminatis bidentibus membranaceis atro-sanguineis glabris squamis
lanceolatis aristato-cuspidatis concoloribus duplo lon^oribus, caryopsi longe
pedicellata trigona, culmo gracili compresso-trigono striato kovi. — Carex,
JTotf. co^. n. 3389. Kamaon; Wallich.

Primo intuitu C.frigidam fin^it Bxxtfuliginosam. Distincta autem est pree
omnibus perigynio semper molli et membranaceo, caryopsi intra perigynium
pedicello longitudine fere caryopseos suffulta, colore atro-sanguineo spicarum
fceminearum, masculis spicis ternis pedunculatis bracteisque vaginalibus de-
hiscentibus microphyllis stipatis cemuis.

Carex. CARICEiE. 129

48. C. FedkL (N. ab E. :) spids masculis fcemineisque temis his cylindricis
distantibus erectis inferiori exserte pedunculata^ bracteis* foliaceis inferiori
vaginante^ stigmatibus ternis, fnictibus ovato-ventricosis brevirostribus hirtis
apice obliquis bi-trilobis squamam ovalem cuspidatam subsequantibus sed
duplo latioribus^ cubno triquetro Isevi, foliis planis margine scabiis. — N, ab E,
in herb, Eoyle. n, 114. ^Nepalia ; Royk.

A C. pellita, Muhlenb.^ segre distinguitur fnictibus majoribus ventricosis,
ore non tarn bidentatis dentibus acutis^ quam bi-etiam tri-quadrilobis, lobis
Xanceolatis planiusculis semilatis obliquis ita ut Fediie imctam baud male re-
pieesentet Reliqui autem characteres omnes fere in Cartcem peUitam con-
gruunt. A Carice WaUichiana distinguendam banc esse censebam ob illius
spicas foem. duas magis a masculis distantibus et omnino sessilibus^ cum
nostrse tres sint^ quarum inferior pedunculata vaginaque bracteee suse^ satis
longa^ ad medium pedunculum vestita. An var. T

49. C. WaUichiana (Presc. :) spicis masc. temis^ foemineis binis remotis
subsessilibus erectis cylindricis, bracteis foliaceis subevaginatis longis, stig-
matibus temis, fructu , perigynio floris valide bidentato hirto, squamis

oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis subaristatis pallide viridibus, masculis latiori-
bus repandis fusco-testaceis membranaceis. — Prescott in Wall, cat, n, 3380.
Oude, Torraye ; WaUich,

60, C, palttdasa (Good. :) spiculis masculis binis temisque, fcsmineis sub-
temis elongato-cylindricis erectis, inferioribus pedunculatis, bracteis foliaceis
evaginatis, stigmatibus temis, fructu ovato nervoso bidentato glabro squama
lanceolata aristato-cuspidata latiore eandemque eequante, cubm triquctri an-
gulis foliisque elongatis carinatis margine scabris. — Good, act. soc, Linn.
Lond. 2. p, 202 ; WUld, sp, pL 4. p, 306 ; Wahknb, act. Holm. 1803, p, 163;
Schk. car, p, 121. n, 101. t, Oo, et Fv.f, 101 ; Host, gr, Austr, 1. p, 68. t, 92 ;
Hoppe car, p. 94. n, 103 ; N,db E, in herb, Royle, n, 130. Nepalia ; Royle,

Forma est squamis foem. minus acutis solito majoribus 2f lin. longis, qua-^
lem e Flora Brasiliensi et Erlangensi omnino similem coram babeo.

XXXVIII. UNCINIA. Pers,

1. U. Nepalensis (N. ab £. :) spica solitaria stricta multiflora supeme mad-
cula^ fructibus lanceolatis compresssis obtusis bidentatis, arista subcylindrica
scabra inclusa foliis filiformibus. — N. ab E, in herb, Royle, n, 147 (ex parte),
c^309. Nepalia; Royle,

Distincta culmo bumili arista, crassa inclusa germine paulo longiore, apicis
appendiculo brevi pallido filiformi bilobo inflexa, (humili rudimento).

NOTE.

In performing the office of an Editor, I have not altered the locality as-
signed by the author to Royle's plants : at the same time it is right to state,
that none, or almost none, were obtained in the valley of Nepal or adjacent
mountains ; but that Mr Royle collected almost all either in the Himalaya
range or in the north-west parts of Bengal. The particular stations to the
respective numbers will be given ere long by Mr Royle himself. — G, A, W,-A.

( 131 )

INDEX

OF THE

ORDERS, TRIBES, GENERA, AND SPECIES.

E,

Aibildgaardia, Vahl^

cyperoides, N. & M,

Eragrostis, N. ^ M.

fusca, N. ah E.

Kottboelliana, N. ab

tristachya, VdM,
AdenoBtemma, Forst,

leiocarpum, DC.

Madurense, Wight^

reticulatum, DC.

rugosum, Wight,
Ageratum, Linn.

conyzoides, Linn.
Anosporum, N". ckb E.

monocephalum, N. ab E.
Artemisia, Linn. ,

flabrata, Wall.
ndica, Willd.
pallens, Willd.
paiviflora, Don.
ASCSiEPIADEiE,

ASCLEPIADEiB VBRiB,

Aster, Linn.

nitidulus, DC.

ASTBBOIDES, .

Belostemma, WaJl.

hlrsutum, WaJl.
fiidens, Linn.

Berteriana, jSjor.

Ohinensis, Wuld.

grandiflora, Balb.
Blainvillea, Cass. .

latifoUa, DC. .
Blepharispermum, Wight,

petioiare, DC.

Bubsessile, DC.
Blumea, DC.

amplectens, DC.

anagallidifolia, DC.

arenarla, DC. .

aurita, DC.

barbata, DC. .

bifoliata, DC. .

eriantba, DC .

glandulosa, DC.

flomerata, DC
ieyneana, DC.

70,95

. 95

. 95

. 95

. 95

. 95

. 8

. 9

. 9

. 8

. 8

. 8

. 8
70,92

. 92

- 20

. 20

. 20

. 20

. 20

. 29

. 29

. 9

. 9

. 9

. 52

. 52

. 19

. 19

. 19

. 19

. 17

. 17

. 11

. 12

. 12

. 13

. 13

. 13

. 13

. 16

. 14

. 14

. 15

. 14

. 15

. 15

Blumea.

hieracifolia, DC
lacera, DC
lapsanoidefl, DC.
oligocephala, DC.
ozyodonta, DC
pterodonta, DC
tenella, DC .
virena, DC.
Wightiana, DC.

Boucerosia, W.&A.

crenulata, Jv. Sc A.

umbellata, W.lj^ A.
Brachylepis, W. &; A.

nervosa, W. Sr A.

Caesulia, Roofb.

ajullaris, Ro»b.
Calotropis, Br.

ngantea, Br. .

Hamiltoni, Wiaht^

herbacea, Wight,

heterophylla, WaU.

WallicW, Wight,
Caralluma, Br.

adscendens, Br,

fimbriata, WaU.
Carex, Linn, .

alopecuroides, Don,

asperula, N. ah E.

baccans, N. ab E.

caespititia^ N. ab E.

caroiolepis, N. ab E,

eoncolor, N. ah E.

condensata, N, ah E.

cruciata, Wahl.

cruenta, N. ah E.

Doniana, Spr. .

eminens, N. ah E. .

Fedia, N. ah E.

filicina, N. ah E,

foUosa, Don,

Aisiformis, N. ah E.

hsmatostoma, N. ah E.

hyineiiolepi& N. ah E.

Indica, Tviud.

infuscata, N. lib E,

15
14
15
13
15
16
13
14
14

34
34
34
63
64

. 11
. 11
. 53
. 53
. 53
. 54
. 54
. 53
. 33
. 33
. 34
72,119
. 128
. 124
. 122
. 127
. 127
. 125
. 123
. 123
. 128
. 128
. 122
. 129
. 123
. 121
. 128
. 125
. 126
. 123
. 125

132

INDEX.

Carex

lachnosperma, WaU.
lijB^ata, N. ab E.
Lindleyana, N. ab E.
longicruris N. ah E.
lon^pes, Don,
meiog3ma, N. ab E.
myoBurus, N". ab E.
Nepalense, Spr.
notoleia, N, ah E,
nubigena, Don,
obscura, N. ah E.
paludosa, Chod,
parva, N, ab E,
panribracteata, N» ab E»
phacota, Spr. .
psychrophila, N, ab E,
punctata, iST. od E,
raphidocarpa, N. ab E.
remota, Linn. .
Retziana, N. ab E.
Royleana, N. ab E.
setigera, Don,
spicigera, N, ab E,
tenuis, Nj ab E,
trinervis, N. ab E. .
▼alida, N. ab E.
Victorialis, N. ab E.
▼ulpinaris, N, ab E,
Wallichiana, Preae.
Wightiana, N. ab E,

CARICEiB,

Carpesium, lAnn.

Pfepalense, Less,
CarthamuS} Toum,

tinctonus. Linn,
Oentaurea, Less,

pulchra, DC. ,
Cepnaloschoenus, If, ab B,

articulatus, N, ab E.

Zeylanicuet, N", ab E,
Ceropegia, Linn,

acuminata, Roab.

angustifolia, Wtght^

Araottiana, Wiffht^

bulbosa, Rosfb,

Candelabrum, lAnn,

elegans, Walt,

hiisuta, W, 4t ^*

^ uncea, Roab, .
anceolata, Wiaht,
on^olia, WaU,
ucida, Wall,

macrantha, W4aht,

pubescens. Wall.

pusilla, W. iA,

sphenantha, iF. ^ A

tuberosa, Roxb,

Wallichii, Wight,

Wightii, Grah,
ChstocyperuB, N, ab E.

Limnocharis, N. ab E
Ghrysantbemum, Less.

Indicum, Linn.

GlCHORACEiB,

Cichorium, Linn.

Oosnia, Ham. .
Giraium, Toum

^ argyracanthum, DC

^bE.

. 124
. 127
. 121
. 124
. 124
. 128
. 122
. 125
. 121
. 120
. 126
. 129
. 120
. 125
. 126
. 127
. 127
. 122
. 121
. 128
. 127
. 126
. 121
. 128
. 120
. 123
. 126
. 121
. 129
. 122
72, 119
. 22
. 22
. 25
. 25
. 25
. 25

71, 115
. 115
. 115
. 30
. 92
. 31
. 32
. 32
. 33
. 31
. 30
. 30
. 31
. 31
. 30
. 31
. 32
. 31
. 31
. 32
. 32
. 30

70, 95
. 96
. 19
. 19
. 26
. 26
. 26
. 25
. 25

72, 119
. 119

Collyris, Vahl,

major, Vahl,

minor, Vahl,
Conyza, Less. .

absinthifolia. Wall.
COMPOSITiE,
Cosmostigma, Wight,

racemosa, Wight,
Courtoisia, N, ab E.

cyperoides, N. ab E.
Cryptostegia, Br.

grandiflora, Br.
Cyanopis, Blum.

erigeroides, DC.
Cyathocline, Cass,

lyrata, Cass.
Cylindropus, N. ab E,

junciformis, N. ab E.
Cynanchum, Linn.

alatum, W. ^ A.

angustifolium, W. ^ A.

Arnottianum, Wight,

auriculatum, Rople,

Callialata, Ham.

corvmbosum, Wtghi,

Dalhousiffi, Wight, .

glaucum, TFall.

Sacillimum, Wall.
enottriense, Wight,
nanum^ Ham. .
ovalijfblium, Wight,
paucifiorum, Br.
Koylei, Wight,
WaUichii, Wight, .
Cysarem,
CYPERACEiE, .

v/YPjBIv£iE, • • •

Cyperus, Linn.

alopecuroides, Roitb.
altus. N, ab E,
angulatus; N. ab E,
angustifolius. Ham.
arenarius, Retz,
aristatus, Rottb.
articulatus, lAnn.
bulbosus, Vahl,
oanescens, VdM,
capillaris. Keen,
camosus, Heyne,
castaneus, WUld.
oompressus, Linn.
difformis, Linn.
digitatus, Roxb.
distans, Linn. .
dubius, Rottb. .
exaltus, Retz, ,
fimbriatus, N. ab E.
Haspan, Rottb.
hexa8tach3rus, Rottb.
inundatus, Rojfb.
Iria, Linn.
lateralis, Forsk.
macrorhizus, ^. ab E.
margin elluB, N. ab B.
mucronatus, Linn. .
nivens, Retz,
obliguus, N. ab E. .
pallidus, Heyne,
parviflorus, Vahl,
pectiniformis, R. Sc S.
pleuranthiis, N. at E.

69,

71,

69,

66

67
16
16
5
41
42
92
92
65
66
7
7
12
12
118
118
55
57
57
58
58
56
56
55
58
57
58
59
57
56
58
56
24
69
72
72
76
84
73
79
77
78
80
80
84
76
83
79
76
88
85
88
85
84
86
80
81
7«
87
73
73
83
72
78
86
79
87
77
73

INDEX.

133

Cyperus

polystachyafl, Roiib.
procerulus, N", ah E.
procerus, Rothf
pulvinatuB, N. ^ M,
pumilus, Linn,
pygmaeus, Vahl^
racemosus, Reht,
Retzii, N» ab E,
Roxburghii, N. ah E.
sanguinolentus, Vahi^
seminuduB, Roteb.
Silletenses, N, ab E,
squarrosus, Rottb,
stolonifenis, Retz^
stramineus, N". ab E,
tenuifloms, Roiib*
tortuosus, Roxb.
venustus, Br,
versicolor, N, ab E,
verticiUatus, Raxb,
Wallichii, N, ab E,
Wightii, N,abE, .

Decalepis, W. SrA,

Hamiltoni, JV, ^ A,
Decaneurum, DC,

Dendigulense, DC.

diver^ens, DC,

epilejum, DC.

reticulatum, DC.

scabridum, DC.
Dicbostylis, Lesi,

Micneliana, N. ab E.
Dichrocephala, UHer,

chrysanthemifolia, DC

latifolia, DC.
Dicoma, Cass.

lanuginosa, DC.
IMplacrum, Br.

Zeylanicum, N, ab E.
Dischioia, Br.

Benghalensis, Colebr,

clavata. Wail.

CoUyris, Wall

cuneifolia, WaU.

nummularia, Br.

Rafilesiana, WaU.

WaUichii, Wight^
Dcemia, Br.

extensa, Br.
Doronicum, Linn.

Amottii, DC.

Wightu, DC.

Echinolytrum, Desv.

dipsaceum, Desv.
Echinops, Linn.

echinatus, Roxb.
Eclipta, Linn.

erecta, Linn.

parviflora. Wall.
Eleocharis, Br.

palustris, Br.

tetraquetra, N, ab E.

uniglumis, Link.
Eleogeuus^ N. ab E.

atropurpureus, N. ah E.

capitatus, N. ab E.
Eleogiton, Link.

curvulus, N. ab E.

75
82
83
74
74
72
85
82
d4
75
80
79
75
81
74
82
75
86
78
87
83
78

64
64
7
7
8
7
7
7

70, 94
94
11
11
11
26
26
119
119
43
43
44
43
43
43
44
43
59
59
23
23
23

70, 9Q
. 96
. 24
. 24
. 17
. 17
17
113
113
113
113
112
112
112
110
110

72,

71,

71,

70,

Elephantopus, Linn,

8

scaber, Linn,

8

Elynss,

. 72, 119

Emilia, Cass.

. . 24

scabra, DC.

. 24

sonchifolia, DC.

. 24

Epaltes, Cass.

. 16

divaricata, Cass.

. 16

Erigeron, Linn.

9

hispididum, DC,
muiticaule, WiM,

. 9

. 10

sublyratum, Roxb,

9

Enopetalnm, Wighi,

'. 35

attenuatum, Wiahiy
IffiYi^tum, Wignif ,

. 35

. 35

parinflorum, Wighi,

. S5

Eriophorum, Linn,

. 71, 110

arundinaceum, PVaU,

. 110

comosum. Wall,

. 110

EoPATOIUACBiE,

8

Filago, Toum,

. 22

proetrata, DC.
FimbristyUs, FaW,

. 22

70, 96

acuminata, Vahl,

. 96

aestivalis, Vahl^

. 102

albicans, N, ah E,

. 100

argentea, Vahi.

. 100

bispicata, N, ^ M, .
cincta, N.ahE.

. . 97

. 98

comata, N, ab E,

. 102

decora, N. ^ M,

. 101

dicbotoma, Vahl^

. 101

diphylla, Vahl^

. 100

ferruginea, FoA/,

. . 97

nutans, VaM^ ,

. 96

oval is, N, ah E.

. 98

pallescens, N, ab E.

. 101

podocarpa) N", ^M,
polytricnoides, KioA/,

90

. 96

rigidula, N, ah E.

. 99

Koyeniana, N. ab E.
scaberrima, N. ab E.

. 99

. 102

schoenoides, VcM^

. 97

tomentosa, Vahl^

. 100

Wightiana, N, ah E.

. 99

Finlaysonia, Wall.
obovata, WaU.

. 65

. 65

Fuirena, Roiib.

. 70, 93

ciliaris, Roxb. .

. 93

pentagona, W. & A.
Rottboellu, N. ab E.

. 93
. 94

Glossocardia, Cass.

. 19

BosvaUia, DC.

. 19

Glossogyne, Cass. .

. 19

pinnatifida, DC.

. 19

Gnaphalium, Less.

. 21

aristatum, DC.

. 21

ellipticum, DC.

. 21

hynoleucum, DC.
Inoicum, Linn.

. 21
. 22

Neelgherryanum, DC.
pallidum, WaU.

. 21

. 22

subdecurrens, DC. .

. 21

Wight ianum, WaU.

. 21

GK>nio8temma, Wighi^

. 62

acuminatum, Wight,

. 62

Grangea, Adans.

. 12

maderaspatana, Poir.

. 12

Gymnema, Br.

. 44

134

INDEX.

Gymnema

acuminatum. Wall.

columnare, WaU»

elegans, W. ^A,

Fimaysonii, VTight^

fflabrum, Wwht,
. nirsutum, W. ^ A.

lactiferum, £r. .

latifolium, WalL

molle. Wall.

Nepalense, Walt.

sagittatum, WaU,

Bylvestre, Br.

tmgens, W. 4r -A-

Wallichii, WigU,
Gjrnura, Com.

Ijrcopersicifolia, DC

nitioa, DC,

Haplostylis, N. ah E.

Meyenii, N. ab E,
HelicluTSum^ Less,

buddleioides, DC.

leptophyllum, DC,

Notonianum, DC.
Hemicarpha, N. ab E.

Isolepis, N. ab E.
Hemidesmus, Br.

Indicus, Br.

pubescens, W. & A.
Heterostemma, W. ^ A

Wallichii, Wu

alatum, WighU
Tanjorenae, W. Sc ^
Wallichii, Wight,

HoloBtemma, Br.
firagrans, Wall,
Bheedei, Spr. .

Hoya, Br.

AjDottiana, Wi^ht,
Brunoniana, Wight,
camosa, Br,
Finlaysonii. Wight,
f uftca. Wall.
gymnanthera, Wiaht,
Hookeriana, Wight, .
Lacuna, Ham.
lanceolata, Wight,
linearis, WcM.
longifolia, WaU,
obtusifolia, Wight,
orbiculata, WaM.
ovalifolia, W, & A,
parasitica, Watt.
parviflora, Wiaht,
pendula, W. & A.
velutina, Wight,
yiridiflora, Br, .

Hutchinia, W. Sc A.
Indica, W. * A.

Uymenochsete, p. B.
grossa, N. ah E.

Hypoponun, N. ab E.
capitatum, N. ab E,
pergracile, N. ab E.

HvPOLYTREiE,

Hypolytrum, Rich. .
gigaiileum. Wail.

Iphisia, W. Sf A.. .
Govanii, Wight,

. 45

. 46

. 46

. 46

. 45

. 44

. 44

. 45

. 45

. 46

. 46

. 44

. 45

. 46

. 24

. 24

. 24

71,115
. 115
. 20
. 20
. 20
. 20
70,92
. 92
. 62
. 63
. 63
. 63
. 42
. 42
• 42
. 42
. 55
. 55
. 55
. 35
. 37
. 37
. 38
. 38
. 37
. 37
. 37
. 39
. 38
. 36
. 36
. 38
. 36
. 37
. 37

. . 37
. 36
. 35
. 39
. 34
. 35

71, 110
. 110

71,118

. 118

. 118

69,92

70,93

. 93

. 52
. 52

Iphisia

multiflora, W. ^ A,
Isolepis, Br,

lMirbata,t£r.

corymbosa, Roth,

densa. Wall.

^acilis, N. ab E.

incurvata, N, ab E.

lupulina, N. ab E.

proloujgata, N. ab E,

Koylei, N, ab E,

setacesi, Br,

squarrosa, Vahi,

supina, Br.

trifida, N, ab E.

Kyllingia, LMm,
brevifolia, Rottb,
cruciformis, Sch^ad,
cylindrica, N, ab E,
melanospenna, N, ab
monocephala, lArm,
triceps, lAnn, .

Lactuca, lArm,
glabra, DC,
napifofia, DC, .
remotifolia, DC,
runcinata, DC,
sarmentosa, Wight,
sativa,jLtnn.

Leptadenia^ Br,

imberbis. Wights
reticulata, fv, & A,
spartium, Wight,

Limnochloa, P. B.
media, N, ab E,
plantaginea, N, ab E.
spirali^ P. B. ,
tumida, N. ab E.

Lipocarpha, Br.

laevigata, N, ab E,
triceps, N, ab E,

Malacochffite, N, ^ M.
pectinata, N. ab E.

IMEariscus, lAnk.

cyperinus, N. ab E,
dilutus, N. ab E.
paniceus, lAhk.
pictus, N. ab E.
umbellatus, Vahl,

Marsdenia, Br,

angustifolia, Wight,
Brunoniana, W, ^ A
Calesiana, Wight,
Hamiltonii, Wight,
Eoylei, Wight
tenacissima, W, ^ A
tinctoria, Br,

Monosis, DC.

Wightiana, DC,

Morisia, N. ab E. .
WaUichii, N, ab E,

MuTISIACEiE, .

Myriactis, Less,

Wightii, DC. .

Myrio^ne, Less., , .

minuta. Less, ,

Notonia, DC.

grandiflora, DC

E.

. b'2
70,106
. 109
. 108
. 109
. 109
. 108
. 107
. 108
. 107
. 107
. 106
. 107
. 108

69,91

. 91

. 91

. 91

. 91

. 91

. 91

. 26
. 26
. 27
. 26
. 26
. 27
. 26
. 47
. 48
. 47
. 48
71, lU
. 114
. 114
. 114
. lU
70,92
. 92
. 92

71, 110

. 110
69,89

. 90

. 90

. 89

. 90

. 90

. 40

. 40

. 40

. 41

. 41

. 40

. 41

. 40

. 5

. 5

71, 115

. 115

. 26

. 10

. 10

. 20

. 20

. 23
. 24

INDEX.

135

Ortlianthera, IVight,
viminca, Wight,

Oxystelma, Br.
' esculentum, Br.
Wallichii, Wight,

Papyrus, Link.

corymbosuB, JST. db E

dehiscens, N. ah E.

elatuR, N. ah E,

Pangorei, N, ah E.
Pentasacnme, Wall.

caudatum. Wall, '

Wallichii, Wight,
Pentatropis, Br.

microphylla, W. Sf; A
Pergularia, Linn.

odoratissima, Sm.

pallida, W. q[ A.
Perifloce^ .
Physostelma, Wight,

Wallichii, Wight,
Picris, Linn. .

hieracioides, Linn.
Pluchea, Less.

tomentosa, DC
Poloa, DC.

Wightiana, DC.
Psiadia, Jacq.

balsamica, DC

integerrima, DC.
Pterostdma, Wight,

acuminatum, Wight,

Ramtilla, DC.

oleifera, DC. .
Raphistemma, W<dl,

})ulchellum, Wall.
Remirea, Auhl.

Wightiana, Wall.
Rhynchospora, Vahl.

Chinensifl, N. ^ M,

RHYKCHOSPOREiE,

Sarcolobus^ Br.

Banksii, B,*^ S.
carinatus. Wall,
globosus. Wall.

Sacrostemma, Br.
brevistigma, W. &i
firunonianum, W.
viminale, Br. .

SCIRPEA,

ScirpuB, Ltnn.
affinis, Roih.
JavanuB, N, ab E.

i'uncifbrmlB, N. ah E.
juzonenslB, PresL

maritimus, lAnn.

triangalatus, FUuph.

WalHchii, JNT. ah E.
iScleria, Berg,

androgyna, N. ab E.

ciliaris, N, ab E,

hebecarpa, N. ab E.

Isvis, Ret»,

lithosperma, WilkL
i macroph^lla, Presl,

margaritifera, Willd.

oryzoides, PresL

pofeformis, Ret»,

A

. 48

. 48

. 54

. 54

. 54

69,88

. 89

. 89

. 88

. 89

. 60

. 60

. 60

. 52

. 52

. 42

. 43

. 42

. 62

. 39

. 40

. 26

. 26

. 16

. 16

. 10

. 10

. 10

. 10

. 10

. 39

. 39

. 18
. 18
. 54
. 55
69,92
. 92
71, 115
. 115

71. 115

47
47
47
47
59
59
59
59
70,94
71, 111
. Ill
. 112
. 112
. 112
. HI
. Ill
. 112

71. 116
. 117
. 117
. 117
. 117
. 117
. 116
. 118
. 116
. 118

Scleria

serobiculata, N". ^ M.
SumatrentiB, Retz,
tesselata, WilkL
Zeylanica, Pair,

SCLBRTE^,

Secamone, Br.

emetica, Br.

FinlayBonii, Wight,
Secamonks, .
Senecio, Linn.

candicanB, Wall.

cor^-mboHUB, Wall.

lavandulaefoliuB, Wall.

NeelgherryanuB, DC.

WightianuB, DC.

SENECIONIDBiE,

Siegesbeckia. Linn.

orientalis, Linn.
Sonchus, Linn.

oleraceuB, Linn.
Sperlingia^ Vahl,

opposita, Vahl.

verticillata, Vahl,
SpheeranthuB, Linn.

amaranthoides. Burnt.

hirtuB, WUld. .

IndicuB, Linn, .
Spilanthes, Jacq.

calva, DC.

oleracea, Linn.
Streptocaulon, W. ji^A.

calophyllum, Wight,

extensum, Wight,

Kleinii, W. ^ A.

sylvestre, Wight,

tbmentosum, Wight,

Wallichii, Wight, .

Trichelostylis, Lest.

chaetorrhiza, N. ab E,

complanata, AT. ah E.

filiform is, iV. ah E. .

^lobuloea, N, ah E. .

junciformiB, N, ab E.

latifolia, N. ab E. .

miUacea, N.ah E. .

pentaptera, N.ah E.

quinquangularis, N, ah £>

Salbundia, N, aoE,

scabra, N. ah E.

tenella, N. ab E.

tetragona, N. tUt E. .

torta, N, ab E. .
Tricholepifl, DC. .

angustifolia, DC.

radicans, DC. .
TrilepiB, N. ab E. .

Lhotzkiana, N. ab. E.

Royleana, N. ah E.
Toxocari)U8, W.ScA.

craBsifolius, Wight, .

Kleinii, W.Jc A. .

laurifoliusj Wight, .

Roxburghii, w. ^ A,
Tylophora, Br.

asthmatics, W.4[ ^'

capparidifolia, W, 4[ '^•

camosa, WaU.

exiliB, Colebr. .

iasciculata, Ham.

. 117
. 116
. 118
. 118
71, 116

. 60

. 60

. 61

. 60

. 22

. 22

. 22

. 23

. 23

. 22

. 17

. 17

. 17

, 27

. 27

. 67

. 67

. 67

. 11

. 11

. II

. 11

. 19

. 19

. 19

. 64

. 65

. 65

. 65

. 65

. 64

. 65

70,102
. 106
. 103
. 102
. 105
. 106
. 106
. 103
. 105
. 104
. 105
. 103
. 103
. 104
r 105
. 25
. 25
. 25

72,119
. 119
. 119
. 61
. 61
. 61
. 61
. 61
. 48
. 61
. 51
. 49
. 50
. 50

136

INDEX.

Tylaphora

nirsuta. fVighi,
lonffifolia, 1VJ0htf .
moUiBsima, JraU,
pauciflora, W, & A.
purpurea, IValC
rotundifolia. Ham, .
tenerrima, Wiffht^ ,
tenuissima, W. jf A,

Uncinia^ Pers,

nepfuensifl, JV. ab S,

Vernon^ Sehreb* .
albicans, DC. .
anthelminthica, WUld.
cinerea, Less* .
conjzoides, DC.
elliptica, DC. .

. 49

. 50

. 49

. 49

. 51

. 50

. 50

. 49

72,129
. 129

5

6
7
6
6
5

Vemonia

leptophylla, DC.
pectiniformis, DC.
physalifolia, DC.
Zeylanica, Less.

VBRNONIACEiE,

Vicoa, Cass. .
Indica, DC.

Wbdeli^ Jaeq.
biflora, DC. ■ .
calendulacea, LMi,
urticsefolia, DC»

Xanthium, Linn. .

Indicum, RoMb.
"Siimenesia, Cav.

enceloideft, Cav.

6
G
6
5
5
10
10

17
18
17
18

17
17
19
19

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