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D^-

'YlNPAL.t,

Steam

AVIGATION

AN ILLUSTRATED GfflDE ^

To r-~N

StoomvcJ^i i Maatechappy

"Nederland

Headquarters :

Prins Hghcfrikkade, 159/160, AM5TE.R0AM.

Rotterdamsche Lloyd

Headquarters ;

Messrs. Ruys & Co., Veerkade 8,. ROTTERDAM.

Regular Fortnightly Mail
Service from

AMSTERDAM, via Southamp
ton, Lisbon, Tanger, Algiers,
Genoa, Port Said, Colombo,
Sabaiig, Singapore, to Java.

ROTTERDAM, via Southamp-
ton, Lisbon, Tanger, Gibraltar,
Marseilles, Port Said, Colombo,
Padang, to Java.

Through Tickets

Issued at favourable rate.s to all ports
of the INDIAN ARCHIPELAGO and
to Bangkok. Saigfon. :\raiiil]a. Hong-
kong:, Shanghai, Japan and Australia.

ROUND-THE-WORLD TOURS are

airanged at special rates.

TRIPS to the MEDITERRANEAN m con-
nection with Coutiuenlal Railways.

ROUND TRIPS from Ceylon and Singa-
pore to lavn.

AGLNT5 of the COMPANIES:

5.M.N.

SOUTHAMPTON :

R. L.

Messrs. Keller, WaWis & Co. v. Messrs. Esconlbe, MacGralh & Co.

LISBON : Messrs. Ernest George Succ ,, GENOA : Agenzia Maritima Olandese

MARSEILLES: N^srs. Ruys & Co.

COLOMBO : Messrs. Aitfc;!?n, Spance & Co.

SINGAPORE and JAVA : The Ships Agency Ltd. (De Scheepsagentuur)

Internationale Crediet and Handels Vereeniging " ROTTERDAM."

AND ALL OVER THE WORLD.

,, NAIL WfSHt^hWL

""W^

-0-^ -.'

NEDERLAND LINE:

ROTTERDA^

Reg. Tonnage

Koning Willem I. ... 4448

Wilii

Koning Willem III. ... 4526

Rindjanl ..

Oranie 4413

Opliir

Rembrandt ... 5860

Kawi

Vondel 5847

Tabanaii

Grotius 5858

Sindoro

Prinses Juliana 8300

Tambora

Koningin der Neder-

Goentoer .

laiiden ... ,., 8300

Building

Building 10,000

Keg. Tonnajie
4738
4769
... 4729^
... 4877
52S0
5469
5602
5894

<i»rf ,/*,»*

ROYAL PAC

)Steam Navigati

DATE DUE

URIS FESERVE: FALL

HAPPIJ

h. lb. von B^

•yr

atje WoHfstraat !
_3_'s-GravenHage

">T 1ND1L5 ■
~)f Netherlands

:INL

and Melbourne
"day Island, Port

.AMSTERDAM
DLN (Batavia)

■ngs\ 5YDNE.\'

-lerson & Co.

PRINTED fN U.SA ., Ltd.

N'ew^astle-'" " -"■ - ^^^rp oms. & Co., Ltd.

Adelaide E.lder, Smith & Co., Ltd.

Townsvilie and Cairns Adelaide Steamship Co., Ltd.

Port Moresby C. R. Baldwin. Ltd.

Thursday Island Bowden Bros. & Co., ltd.

Batavia, Samarang, Sourabaya, Macassar, Singapore - De 5cheeps»gentuur

The OCEAN Accident and
Guarantee Corporation Ltd.

The Largest, Wealthiest and Most Progressive
ACCIDENT COMPANY in the World

Policies World-wide as to Travel,
and free from vexatious conditions

BRANCHL5 AND AGE.NCIL5

: : : : throughout the World : : : :

HEAD OFFICE for AUSTRALIA:

Ocean House, 22 Moore St., SYDNEY

Branches in Australia:
MELBOURNE, ADELAIDE, BRISBANE,
PERTH, TOWN5VILLE, ROCKHAMPTON

SEND FOR PROSPECTUS.

Extract from " London Financial Times," 1 8 2 ' 1 2

"A striking iUiistration of the risk i;uu in daily
life is afforded by the Ocean Accident Company's
statement that for the year just ended they have
been called upon to deal with the huge total of
98,886 accidents, an average of 271 each day, of
which 966 were fatal. This expedience brings
home to everybody the need for the protection
afforded by an accident insurance policy."

% /

Cornell University Library
DS 614.182

Isles of the East :an Illustrated guide

3 1924 010 584 682 «..»..

^ir THE ■>

Official tourist Bureau

(UNDER GOVKRN'MEXT CONTROI,),

Corner of Ryswyk and Gang Pool,
W[LTEVR[DEN (BATAVIA).

Gives free INFORMATION on all
Tours throughout Java and the
Archipelago.

For ITINERARIES, MAPS, TIME-
TABLES, &G., S-c, apply to the
Secretary of the Official Tourist
Bureau, Weltevreden (Batavia).

GUIDE BOOKS to be had on appli-
cation at a small charge.

OFFICE HOURS | "° ^^ f ' P-"--' '^ ' '? Y"'\
\ 4.30 p.m. to 7-30 p.m. ' ,, i

Gable Address ;

"TOURING, A.B.C. CODE. 5th Edition,

WELTEVREDEN." Used.

Nederlandsch-Indische

Lscompto Maatschappij

(Netherlands-India Discount Bank.)

Authorised Capital -/ 12,000,000

Paid up Capitall // 7,500,000

Y December, 31st, 1910 -{ ' ^^^ ^^^

Reserve Funds J 1/ 1,500,000

ESTABLISHED 1857.

Head Office : BATAVIA.
Branches :

Amsterdam, Soerabaia, 5amarang,
Weltevreden, Bandoeng, Padang,
Cheribon, Macassar, Tandjong Priok

Correspondents in the Principal Towns of the Dutch East Indies.

.^—^ =

Agents in Australia :

COMPTOIR NATIONAL
D'LSCOMPTL DE PARI5
Sydney and _ _ Melbourne

Issue Letters of Credit and drafts on all parts of the

world, exchange foreign money and transact banking

business of every description.

ESTABLISHED 1872.

SAMUEL ALLEN t SONS,

LIMITED,

General, Wine and Spirit
and Produce Merchants.

Forwarding, Shipping & Customs Agents

TOWNSVILLL, N.Q.

Cairns

Cloncurry

Charters Towers Vi)

Tvondoa

.Sydney

Agencies throughout North Qi^eensland.

AS ME,RCHANT5

We carry large stocks of all Merchandise Lines,
including Island Products.

AS FORWARDING AGLNTS

We receive and despatch goods trom and to
all parts of the World.

AS SHIPPING AGLNTS

We represent in Townsville the Deutsch-
Australische Dampfschiffs Gesellschaft.

Correspondents at all principal Continental and American Cities.
Enquiries Solicited.

^XI^s- 1

Nederlandsche
Handel - Maatschappy

(Netherlands Trading Society)

ESTABLISHED - 1824.

Head Office AMSTERDAM

Agencies at ROTTERDAM and THE HAGUE.

Capital Paid-Up : /45,000,000 (£3,750,000)
Reserve Fund : /7, 124,3 17 (£594,000)

Head Office for the Eaft : Factory, BAT A VIA
EASTERN BRANCHES:

BANDJERMASIN MEDAN SHANGHAI

BANDOENG PADANG SINGAPORE

CHERIBON PAEEMBANG SQERABAIA

DJEMBER PEKALONGAN TEGAE

HONGKONG PENANG TJILATJAP

KOTA RADJA RANGOON WEETEVREDEN

MAKASSAR SAMARANG

BANKERS :

Union of London and Smith's Bank, Ltd., London

EASTERN BANKING BUSINESS OF EVERY
DESCRIPTION TRANSACTED.

viii.

I5LL5 OF THL LA5T."

Founded 1843. Ml] | jy) Combined Accumulated Funds

Established in N.S.W. 1872. V^s, Li^ Exceed £1,000.000 Sterling.

B ATAVIA S[A & fIRE INSURANCE CO,

for TN LIMITED. /^ "^

FIRE. MARINE & ACCIDENT.
All Glasses of Fire and Marine Risks covered at Lowest Current Rates.

The Company has Vacancies for First-Class Agents, in the City and Country.

The Company undertakes all Classes of ACCIDENT INSURANCE, including
WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION and THIRD PARTY RISKS.

W. MEDHURST TAYLOR, General Manager for Australasia, 21 Queen Street, Melbourne.

New South Wales Branch
20 BRIDGE STREET, SYDNEY.

New South Wales Branch P. H. M, CRANE, ( ,^.

ALBERT HERRON, f "^^omeys.

Tel Central 895.

Batavi a Sea & Fire Insurance Co .

Established 18A-3.

FIRE. MAKINE, ACCIDENT
EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY
LIVE STOCK
LOSS OF PROFITS.

COMBINED FUNDS EXCEED £1.000,000. >

Head Office for Australasia :

21 QUEEN STREET, MELBOURNE

W ME.DHURST TAYLOR,

General Manager.

van NIL & CO.

Ships and Forwarding Agents
Importers, Insurance Brokers

MEDAN, TANDJONG BALEI

BELAWAN DELI. ^" (ASAHAN.)

3) Agencies :

Koninklijke Paketvaart Maatschappij.

Stoomvaart Maatschappij " Nederland."

Stoomvaart Maatschappij " Rotterdamsche Lloyd."

Java-Bengalen Line. Java-China-Japan Line.

Jebsen & Co., Hongkong Steamers " Johanne " and " Signal."

Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij.

Asiastic Petroleum Company, Limited.

Centrale Guano Fabrieken at Rotterdam.

Borneo Sumatra Handel Maatschappij at Bandjermasin.

Assurantie Mij Tegen Brandschade en op het Leven " De
Nederlanden " van 1845.

Algemeene Mij van Levensverzekering and Lyfrente at Amster-
dam ; Chief Agency at Soerabaya.

Nederlandsche Lloyd (Marine Insurance).

Motor Union Insurance Co., Ltd., of London.

Beiersch Beerbrewery " De Amstel " at Amsterdam.

Tollens & Co., Rotterdam, for Paints, &c.

Merrem & La Porte's Rubber Installations.

Ned. Indische Portland Cement Maatschappij of Padang
(Sumatra West Coast).

Rangoon Rice, Cooly Tea, Estates, Implements, Sic, Sic

zVQ.:

Telephone 234 City.
2010 „
3408 „ ESTABLISHED 1841.

^atrimagp at

Cable Address : "STANLEY."

I^i0 Exrrllpnrg

STANLEY X CO.,

Wholesale & Retail Gardeners,

POULTERERS

FRUITERERS

GREENGROCERS

And

SHIPPING
PROVIDORES.

Importers and Exporters.

CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.

We are anxious to extend our Trade relations to the
East ! We are seeking to introduce your commodities.
Write us and exchange proposals.

STANLEY & CO.,

495-7-9 George Street.
(AUSTRALIA) SYDNEY

=0(j-

ISLES OF THE ERST."

An lllastratcd Quidc.

FiUSTRFiLin,

pnpun,
]mn,

SUMHTRFS,
SlNOnPORE,
Etc.

Edition

Luxe

2/6 = fl,50

APOLLINARIS

l^^h

ilfARISBRl

BUCHANAN
WHISKIES

iLICK a WHITE

RED SEAL

C-.

Round Australia

via JAVA.

"The Garden of the Last/

^Singapore

rt^M»^

banda, ^"Vv-^ new'

P^Darwiiv

Or^sir, ^ -4^/ Broome
Carnarvon
Gladstoine.

\LM0RESBY

Cairns

TOWNSVILLE '

AUSTRALIA

rGERALDTON

IFremantle

\LBANY

Brisbane^

Sydney 1
[Melbourne J

The New
Tourist Route

Java Produce Trading
Company

50URABAYA o AM5TLRDAM

General Lxporters 'of
JAVA PRODUCL,
HIDL5 and 5K1N5,
TOBACCO, etc., etc

Largest Exporters of Java Kapok
in the World.

General Importers.

CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.

H. HLIML55LN,

Managing Director.

XVI.

VISITORS, TOURISTS cind OTHERS are hereby recorn-f,>/
mended to obtain their Cigars, Cigarettes or Tobacco, etc., from ."

C. p. LiiND Sl Co.,

Purveyors to His Excellency the Staie Governor
and Officers of H.M. Nav3B,

CIGAR AND CIGARLTTE, I1MPQRTE-R5,

Manufacturers and Direct Importers of Fishing
Taci^le.

Specialities— No. 2 Mixture," The Exchange" Cigarettes and Tobaccos

" Bigio Hazan " Cairo Cigarettes, " E.F.L." London-made Bpiars.

Walking Sticks, Pipes and Sundries ifi great variety.

38Q .George Street, Sycliicy, Aastralici,

Near King Street.

'Phone City 2818. '

Orders by Post receive Prompt Attention.

There is no Camera
to Equal the KODAK

There are many Kodaks, but the one which meets with the
greatest approval i-^ undoubtedly the No. 3a FOLDING
POCKET KODAK CAMERA. It takes pictures post-card
size, 5i X 3i ins. and has double combination R R. 3>ns, ball-
bearing shutter, rising and sliding iront, brilliant reversible
finder, tripod sockets, and automatic focussing lock. Daylight
working throughout.

Price, 90,'-. Ppstage extra, 1/3.

Other Kodak Cameras from 26/-. Brownie-Kodak

Cameras from S/-'.

For best results, Tourists should have their
Films Developed and Finished in the
KODRK WHY at a RODHR HOUSE.

KODAK (Australasia) LTD.. ^^^^^^tZ^^.

Sydney. "The Block," 284 Collins Street, l^elbourne. 37 Rundle Street,
Adelaide. 78-80 Queen Street, Brisbane. Ruthven Street, Toowoomba.
Flinders Street, Townsville. 346 Argent Street, Broken Hill, and 6 Mercer
Street, Wellington, N.Z.

EARP BROTHERS & CO.

NEWCASTLE, N.S.W.

And at 60 MARGARET ST., SYDNEY.

General Merchants & Importers

COLLIERY, SHIPPING

AND '

INSURANCE AGENTS

Mr. CHARLES A. EARF, Vite Ccnsur for the Netherlands.

AGENCIES

L-

EAST GRETA COAL MINING CO,, LTD. East Greta and
Stanford'Merthyr Collieries).

HEDDON GRETA COAL CO.. LTD.

EARPS' NAVIGATION BUNKER COALS.

ROYAL PACKET STEAM NAVIGATION CO. iKoninkl.jke
Paketvaart Maatschappij'.

WATTS, WATTS t CO., LTD.. London.

BRITAIN STEAMSHIP CO., LTD., London.

UNITED ALKALI CO., LTD., Liverpool.

EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY ASSURANCE CPRPORATION, LTD.

AACHEN AND MUNICH FIRE INSURANCE CO

MERCHANTS' MARINE INSURANCE CO., LTD.

BRITISH AUSTRALIAN OIL CO., LTD. ('•Argolite' Kerosene).

COMMONWEALTH PORTLAND CEMENT CO., LTD.

AULSEBROOK'S BISCUITS.

<LI

Hotel Homann

"k^"

BANDOLNG.

Entirely rebuilt in a complete
modern style. Is one of the few
Indian Hotels that is specially built
for an Hotel, with more than sixty
spacious and airy chambers, amongst
which Pavilions and rooms with mag- ii^

O, nificent mountain views. Separate Zy

Recreation and Reading Saloons, and
a newly rebuilt modern Dining-hall.

Garage for Motor Cars.

The Hotel is throughout fitted with Llectric
Light.

LXCLLLLNT LUROPLAN

ATTLNDANCL. ^ CUI5INE..

Acknowledged to be the most excellent in Java.

Telegraphic Address : " HOMANN, MNDOLNG.'

xvu.

Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands.

llivlii kiifil!, gappHiihy Vi^'tr S, C. Sdk'ii

TOUfilSTS

De "Salamander" Dispensary

5oerabaya and Modjokerto.

Chemi^s & Druggies.

/^ ... .. . ■' I

^\ PATENT & HOMCEPATHrC MEDICINES.

ANTISEPTIC DRESSINGS.
SANITARY articles!

SPECTACLES. PERFUMERY.

1 A Large and well Assorted Stock of Up-to-date Toilet
Requisites of every description always on hand.

Prescriptions carefully made up from Pure^ Drugs only.

Well situated in the centre of the Town.
ENGLISH SPOKEN.

Honorary Diploma Agri-Horticulture Show,
Singapore, 18th August, 1906.

DIAMOND
MLRCHANT5.

MANUFACTURING
JLWE-LLLRS.

DEALERS IN PRECIOUS STONES.

Nos. 82=1 & 82=2 Bras Bassah Road,

SINGAPORE

Are showing a Spleiidid Stock of High-Class Jewellery
Set with Diamonds, Pearls, Rubies, Emeralds,
Sapphires. Cat's Eye, Opal and all Colonred
Stones.

A large Assortment of SOLID GOLD and SILVER ARTICLES from

China and Japan in choice varieties of
Diamond Necklaces, Diamond Tiaras, Diamond Aigrets, Bracelets,
Bangles, Rings, Brooches, Pendants, Studs, Scarf Pins, Sleeve Links,'

Watches, &c.

SOUVENIRS FOR TOURISTS A SPECIALITY.

I - - - - __

[ INSPECTION INVITEi?.

McALI5TLR & Co.. Ltd.

SINGAPORE, PENANG, IPOH S KUALA LUMPUR.

LONDON C0RRI5SP0NDli,N-TS :-

Messrs. MtlLWRAITH, McUCHARN & Co. Propty., Ltd., Billiter Square Buildings, E.C.

SHIPPING, INSURANCE & GENERAL AGENTS,
IMPORT, EXPORT & COAL MERCHANTS.

Registered Telegraphic Address :—" McALlriTER."
Codes used:— Al., ABC 6th Hd., Scott'.s, Watkins, Beutleys and Private.

Ship OhsLndl^t-y — A Speciality is made of this Departiuejit, all probable require-
ments for Steamers and Sailing^ Vessels being- kept in stock at both Singapore andPenang.

Sa.ilm£b.lcin^ DepSLt*tmeni:— Special Plant is used aud close European super-
vision is gfiven to the making of Sails, Awnings, Tarpaulins, Ore Bags, Screens, &c.

Aus'tt-ELliSLn Pi-oduoe— Various descriptions of Australian produce and live stock
are imported regularly from Australia.

Rubbei" Reciuisites^A stock is kept at all Branches of every deseriptioi;! of
implements and tools usually required on Rubber Estates.

Ens'ine^i's' Fwi-nishirig^s— All kinds of Packing, Rubber, Hose, Insertion
Cloth. Wire Gauze, Valves and other Brass Goods and ajjl classes of Cylinder. Illuminating
Oils, and Engine and Motor Oils in stock.

Guns ^nd Revolvers— Best English, American an^^ Continental Makes in stock.
0£ir-r-i£L^e Depsit-tment— American Carts and other Vehicles are kept in stock.
n/IO'toi* Oa.1" DepEt.i-*mont— Agents for Messrs. Alldays & Onions, Ltd.,

Birmingham, Makers of High Class Motor Cars and Motor Busses.
■VlELChinery DepEi.r*tin©r»t— Portable Steam, Engines, Centrifugal Pumps, Oil

Engines and Suction Gas Producer Plants in stock. r

IVIirKins' Wlsicliinefy— Agents for Thompson & Co . Castlemaine, Victoria, makers

of all kinds of Mining Machinery. Suction Dredging ^nd Bucket Dredging Plants a

Specialty.
Rope Dep^i-trt^erit— Wire Ropes, Steel, Iron, Marilla, Coir, Bolt, Lanyard, Signal,

Halyard, Seizing Wire, Log and Lead Lines, &c. *"*

Expoi*t Depa-ftment- Exporters of Straits Prod ice (Peppers, Tapiocas, Sago,

Pineapples in tins. Nutmegs, Mace, Gambler, &c.) to all pp.rts of the world.

AGENCIES.

The Bucknall Steamship Lines, Ltd.

(American £& Manohuricvn Li/ne) .
Archibald Currie & Co.

(Indian & Australian Line).
McUwraith. McEacham & Co. Propty., Ltd.

(Indian & Australian Line).
Toyo Kisen Kaisfaa (Oriental S.S. Co.)
Queensland Insurance Co., Ltd.
Commercial Union Assurance Co., Ltd.

(Sub-Agency).
Associated Southern Coal (Australia).
Seaham Colliery Co. Ltd. (Australia).
Hetton Coal Co., Ltd. (Australia).
Belat Tin Mining Co., Ltd.
Kuantan Tin Mining Co., Ltd.
Ting Kil Tin Prospecting Syndicate.
Allagar Rubber Esta^tes, Ltd.
Port Swettenham Co., Ltd.
Bukit Kubu Rubber Estates, Ltd.
Thompson & Co., Castlemaine

—Mining Machinery.
Remington Typewriter Co.
Alldays aud Onions' Motor Cars.

Clayton & Shuttleworth, Ltd., Lincoln

— Portable Engines, &c.
R. & J. Dick'e Genuine Balata Belting

(Original Patent).
Cyrus Price & Co.'s Prize Medal Safes.
Heinke & Siebe Gorman

—Diving Apparatus.
Trewhella Brothers— Wallaby Jacks.
Sechler & -Co.'s Carts.
Pharos Disinfecting Fluid.
Ammonia Co. of Australia.
Wood's Australian Butter and Cheese.
Irvine's Australian Wines and Brandies.
Jas. Watson Sl Co., Ltd.— Scotch Whisky.
Aitken Brothers, Sydney-i-^'A-B." Flour,
Ockerby, L^hmann & Co., Fremantle

— '* Eureka** Flour.
Parson Brothers & Co. Propty., Ltd., Melb.

^Australian Tallow.
Bangkok Dock Co., Ltd.
Falk Stadelmann & Co.
O. T. Limited.
The Kaufman Ine&ndescent Light.

z£)Cz

XXI.

^^ CZH ^33^.

hotel des Indes

Batavia, Weltevreden,

standing in 15 acres of well laid out grounds, and
situated fn the heart of the Garden City, is the
leading Hotel in the Dutch Indies.

The recognised Home of the Tourist.

Bungalows and apartments replete with every modern
convenience.

PERFECT SERVICE.
MAGNIFICENT DINING rfALL.
UNSURPASSED CUISINE and CELLAR.

Motor Cars and Carriages at the disposal of guests at
shortest notice.

Steamers and Trains met. on arrival. Luggage care-
fully attended to.

All Borrespondenee promptly attended to.

Telegraphic Address: THE. MANAGING DIRECTOR,

Weltevredren. Hotel (IBS lOCleS,

'^^^s Weltevredren.

''^^ CZD i^Z^

I5LL5 OF THL LA5T"

An Illustrated Guide.

AUSTRALIA, NLW GUINLA, JAVA,
SUMATRA, SINGAPORE.,

Etc.

Distributed Gratis by the

Royal Packet Steam Navigation Company

( K. p. M.)
Head Office BATAVIA, JAVA.

Australian Offices :

ROYAL LXCHANGL BUILDINGS, S6 PITT ST., SYDNLY.

W. LORCK, Editor-in-Chief

Sydney .

edward lbb & co.,

art printers, u carrington street.

January, 1912.

[ COPYRIGHT ].

The Adelaide Steamship Company Limited

Cable Address " Steamship, ".AdEI,aide.
West Australian Service Melbourne, Sydney and

Kegularly, by new Express Passenger Queensland ServiCC

Steamers, fastest on the Coast, con- gj weekly bv well-known and favourite

nectmg: at Fremautle with Mail steamers. The far-famed trip to Cairns

Steamer for Geraldtou and all North- | • „„rivalled

West Ports. 1^

w 1, w Q • ^ Spencer Gulf Service

JNorth-West Service steamers twice a week from Adelaide

Monthly Sailings to all North-West to all main ports in Spencer Gulf;

Ports from Fremantle. weekly to others.

rastest and Most Luxurious Steamship Service on the Coast.

Passenger Steamers equipped with Wireless Telegraphy.

Bver3- Comfort for a Sea Voyage— Hot and Cold Sea-Water Baths, Electric

I,ight and Fans, excellent Cuisine, Wines, Cigars, etc.
I,arge Cargo Steamers specially fitted for the carriage of Live Stock.
Refrigerating Chambers for the carriage of Frozen Cargo.
Contracts entered into for Coal Deliveries at all Australian Ports.

BRANCHES and AGENCIES throughout Australia.

Head Office : Steamship Buildings, Adelaide, South Australia

Agents for K.P.M. at TOWNSVILLE, North Queensland.

Cable Address: "Steamship," Townsville.

Cable Address - '* Fairplay,'* Sydney

Codes: A. B.C. 4th & 5th Edition.

THOMAS PLAYFAIR

Established 1830.

Wholesale Shipping & Export Butcher

1 66 & 1 68 George St. North, SYDNEY

!0i

Purveyor lo the ROYAL and FOREIGN NAVIES.

CORNED BEEF, PORK and MUTTON, in Tierces, Barrels and Kegs A
SPECIALITY.

MUTTON HAMS, OX TONGUES, SHEEP'S TONGUES, TRIPE IN JARS
BREAD, MILK, VEGETABLES and LIVE STOCK always on Hand.

LARGE QUANTITIES of FROZEN MEAT can Be Supplied at Shortest Notice
^.v Refrigerator.

Telephones: CENTRAL, 1128 & 3657.

vo-

'^y7>

Sarl^ies' Motels

Raffles Hotel

51NGAPORL

( Facing: the Harbour)

The Hotel that has made Singa-
pore Famous to Tourists.

The Rendezvous of PLANTERS

Llectric Fans in all the Rooms
Day and Night.

E.LLCTRIC LIGHTS throughout

Crag Hotel

PLNANG HILLS,
PLNANG.

The Sanitorium of Straits Settle-
ment (2500 feet above sea
level). A perfect Health Resort.
An ideal spot for spending
Holidays and Week-Ends.

BUNGALOWS FOR FAMILIES.

Single and Double Rooms, with
Bathrooms attached and water
laid on from the Crag Springs.

Eastern and
Oriental Hotel

PLNANG

Position unrivalled . . Entirely
facing the Sea.

The only First-class Hotel in
First-class style in Penang.

E-lectric Lights, Fans, Bells

Table unsurpassed.

^^(^(^^ 0=^ ^? ^P^

Strand Hotel

RANGOON.

The Premier Hotel of BURMA
Facing the River

A Real First-class Hotel

Sarkies

Telegraphic nddress.es :

Singapore Sarkies

Sarkiesian Rangoon

Penang

SarHies Brothers, Proprietors

-G/c

.,^/>t

=il

BOWDEN t MACKENZIE,

Pearlshellers

'THURSDAY ISLAND,
QUEENSLAND.

Commission Agents and Auctioneers,
Land Salesmen and Property Agents,
Valuators - - Insurance Agents

Agents for

The Commercial Union Assurance Co.

Lid.
New Zealand Insurance Co. Ltd.

(Marine Branch)
Sun Fire Office of London

Atlas Insurance Co. of London (Incor-
porated with Manchester Assurance
Co.)

Marine Insurance Co. Ltd., of London

London & Lancashire Fire Insurance Co.

Palatine Insurance Co. Ltd.

The Mutual Life & Citizen's Assuiance

Co. l.td:

The Queensland Trustees Ltd.
Johns' Asbestos Paints
Royal Utrecht Cigar Works, Holland
" La Yebana " Cigar Factory, Manila

o (o) o

__o_ DEPARTMENTS; _o_

MARINE PRODUCE -Pearlshell Fishers. Pearlshell, Beche-de-Mer and Tortoise
Shell bought and sold.

COMMISSION AGENCY — Forwarding and General .Commission Agents.

AUCTION -Land, House and Furniture Salesmen. Foreign and Home Consign-
ments received for Sale by Auction.

VALUATORS— Landed Properly, Buildings, &c., valued and reported on.

INSURANCE— Marine, Fire, Life, Accident, Workers" Compensation, Registered
Mail, &c.

INDENT— Foreign and Home Indents attended to.

AJSllmted with

BOWDEN BROTHERS & CO., LTD., Eastern and Australian Merchants.

Agents for the Royal Packet Steam Navigation Co.

BoWDEN & Mackenzie, d Thursday IsUnd

--^-0^-

birt 6l Company

Limited.

Meat 6upplien and txpcrters^

Refrigerators, Ice Manufacturers
and Shipping Agents.

KILLING, FREEZING, PRESERVING and BQILING DOWN WORKS
at MURARRIE, near BRISBANE.

COLD STORES and BUTCHERS' CHILLING COMPARTMENTS
at STANLEY STREET, SOUTH BRISBANE.

Chilling compartments let to Butchers at a weekly rental according to size.
Large and small quantities of Butter received for Freezing and Shipment.
Rooms specially set aside for Milk, Cream, Fish, Etc.

AGENTS FOR

The Royal Packet Steam Navigatiw Company, Java= Australia Line.

The FederaUHoulder-Shire Line Refrigerated Steamers to South Africa
and London.

Moulder Bros. & Co., Limited, Refrigerated Steamers.

The Federal Steam Navigation Company, Limited, Refrigerated Steamers.

American and Australian Line of Steamers from New York,

The AustraUEuropean Line of Steamers to Continental Ports.

The Hungarian=Levant Steamship Co., Limited.

For Rates of Freight and Passage Money, apply to

5IRT 6i COnPANy, Limited

1 — I riusgrave Wharf,

Sydney Office: SOUTH BKI5BANE.

7 MACQUARIE PLACE.

London Agents :
^ BIRT, POTTER & HUGHES, Limited. 2 Fenchurch Avenue, E.C.

Hotel Belle V ue

BUITENZORG,

^^=^^^^>^^==^ JAVA,

/^FFERS unrivalled accommodation
to Tourists and Visitors.

Large, Airy and Com«fortable
Apartments.

Up-to-date Cuisine and Cellar.

Perfect Attendan.ce.

Moderate Tariff.

A Carriage meets all Trains.

Garreau Freres,

PROPRIETORS.

Also Managers and Proprietors of the favourite

HOTEL DU CHEMIN DE PER,
-BU1TENZ0RG._ '_

Coprespandenee receives prompt attention.

XXVllI

Foreword.

In presenting to the reader the first editidh of Isles of the East,
it is hoped that its pages may prove of interest to those, who seek
information regarding Java and the Dutch Indies generally, as a pleasure
resort on the one hand, and as a country offering exceptional commercial
opportunities, on the other. For this reason the work is divided into two
sections, the commercial part forming no incbnsiderable portion of the
whole.

The illustrations appearing in the volume have been obtained from
various sources, but special mention should be made of the ateliers of
Kurkdjian, Ltd., Sourabaya, Java, and C. J. Kleingrothe, Medan-Deli,
Sumatra, to whom I am indebted for their excellent photographs.

I desire to offer here my grateful thanks to the managers of the
Koninklijke ' Paketvaart Maatschappij, Batavia, their staff and agents,
for the extreme courtesy which they extended to me during my stay in
the Dutch Indies, as also to the Managing Directors of the Government
Railway and the Ned. Ind. Railway, for the facilities kindly placed at my
disposal, enabling me to traverse the island at leisure.

I further wish to place on record my appreciation of the valuable
assistance rendered me by Mr. Ronald J. Johnstone, Artist, who was my
secretary during my trip to the East.

W. LORCK, Major,

Sole Editor.

Established - 1820

Rathkamp & Co.

LIMITED

CHEMISTS and DRUGGISTS

111 ^i^yal
CAPITAL

Ajipnintinpnt
Fl. 1,250,000

Pharmacies at —

BATAVIA, Ryswyk
BATAVIA, 5enen
BATAVlA,J>intoe Besar
50URABAYA, Kampong Djepon
50URABAYA, Toendjoengan
MLDAN (Deli) BANDOENG

DJOCJAKARTA MACA55LR

Up-to-Date Chemical, Technical and Microscopic Laboratory

All MEDICAL REQUISITES, SURGICAL
APPLIANCES AND INSTRUMENTS

MINING IMPLEMENTS AND PATENT MEDICINES

Undoubtedly the Largest and Best Equipped Pharmacy
in the Far East.

GENERAL INFORMATION FOR PASSENGERS.

Passage Tickets. — Passages are granted subject to the terms and
conditions of the Company's form of contract ticket, which is not
transferable.

Passage Money Deposit. — All passage money is payable in advance,
10% being due on securing accommodation, and the balance before
steamer's departure. Passengers not embarking after engaging pas-
sages, forfeit their 10% deposit money, but their passages may be trans-
ferred to a subsequent vessel on giving not less than a week's notice.
The deposit is not transferable.

Accommodation. — No berth or cabin is to be occupied by a passenger
without application to the Company's agent on shore. The same applies
to return tickets, which must be endorsed for the return journe>.

Passage Fares. — The rates of first and second class passengers in-
clude messing, but not wine or liquors, which aTe provided on board and
charged for as per scale. Passengers will not be allowed to take their
own wines or liquors on board. Passengers if dieted on board at terminal
or intermediate ports where they could have transhipped to another con-
necting steamer, but choose to remain on board for their own convenience,
pay los. per diem in the first class and 5s. in the second class.

Return Tickets are available for twelve months.

Single Tickets for six months from date of issue. Passengers who
paid full single fare and return within six months of sailing, are allowed
10% on the single fare for the return journey.

Interchange of Tickets. — Passengers holding single or return tickets
who wish to break their journey at Port Moresby or Thursday Island
may continue by a steamer of either K.P.M. or Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd.,
subject to accommodation being available. Return tickets are inter-
changeable between K.P.M. and Burns, Philp lines.

Baggage. — Each adult first-class passenger is allowed 20 cubic feet
(not to exceed five cwt.) of personal baggage; each second-class passen-
ger ten cubic feet (not to exceed two cwt.). Half allowance for children
at half fares. Any baggage in excess will be charged for on board at
cargo rates. Deck-chairs are carried free of charge. A passenger taking
a reserved two-berth cabin and paying 50% additional fare is entitled to
take a double allowance of personal baggage. Cabin luggage and deck-
chairs are at passenger's own care. All other baggage is handled at
Company's expense, but at owner's risk. All baggage to be properlv
labelled for port of destination or disembarkation.

xlvii.

INFORMATION FOR PASSENGERS ARRIVING
IN AUSTRALIA.

Reduced Railway Fares. — Passengers disembarking at Brisbane or
Sydney and wishing to proceed by rail to Sydney, Melbourne or Adelaide,
should apply on board to the purser for a certificate, which must be
presented to the Company's Agent on shore, and entitles the holder to
the following reduced railway fares, providegl the railway journey is
commenced within seven days from the date of the steamer's arrival in
port : —

SixGLE. Return-.

ist Class. 2nd Class. ist Class. 2nd Class.

Brisbane — Sydney . . .

£^ 13

£^ I.S

£\

£^ 13

,, Melbourne

5 6

3 13

5 10

Adelaide .

6 13

4 6

6 10

Sydney — Melbourne . .

2 14

,, Adelaide ..

2 12

Breaks of the train journey are permitted ; single tickets will be
available for one month ; return tickets for six months. Return railway
tickets will only be issued to passengers holding return steam.er tickets.

STEAMSHIP CONNECTIONS AT SYDNEY.

To New Zealand. — Twice weekly by the Union S.S. Coy. of New
Zealand and Huddart, Parker & Coy., Ltd. ; to Auckland on Wednesdays
and to Wellington on Saturdays.

Fares to Auckland or Wellington : Single, £.- ys. first class ; ;/^4 4s.
second class. Return: ;^i2 2s. 6d. first class; £y 5s. second class.

To Tasmania. — Weekly by the Union Line and Huddart, Parker
Line.

Fares to Hobart or Launceston (first class only): ^^j i^s. single,
and ;^4 8s. return.

The connections from Melbourne with Xew Zealand and Tasmania
are maintained b\' the same companies.

To Europe.— (t() I/a Suez Canal: FortH%htly bv P. & O.S.N. Co.
and Orient Co., and four weekly by Messageries Maritimes, sinole first
class, £ji lOB. to £X' IDS. ; second class, ;^';4i i6s. to £^46 4s. Four
weekly by N.D.L., single, first class, £^'66 ; second class, ;^38 los.

(b) \'ia South Africa, calling at Durban and Cape To« n : Blue
Funnel Line (first class only), ;^4o to ^"6o. Four weekly bv P. & O.
Branch Service (third class only), £17, 13s. to £iy 17s. Four weekly bv
Aberdeen Line, first class, ;^:45 to £:52 los. ; third class, ;^i -, 13s. to
^17 17s. Four weekly by \Miite Star Line (all one class), £if.) io £^2.

xlviii.

(c) Via Cape Horn. — Route : From New Zealand to London via
Monte Video, Tcnerift'e and Plymouth. Four weekly by Shaw, Savill
and Albion Co., Ltd., and four weekly by New Zealand Shipping Co.
Fares from Sydney: First class, ;^68 to £78; second class, £41 to ;^46.

To America. — (a) Vancouver (via Auckland, Fiji and Honolulu),
four weekly by Canadian-Australian Royal Mail Line. Fares from
Sydney : First class, £6^ to j£j2 los. ; second class, ;^39 15s. to ;£47 53.

(b) San Francisco [via Wellington, Raratonga and Tahiti), four
weekly by Union S.S. Co. First class, £40; second class, £2^.

To China and Japan. — Four weekly by Nippon Yusen Kaisha,
E. & A., and N.D.L. To Hongkong, first class, £^0; second class,
;£J'26. To Yokohama, first class, ;£47 ; second class, ;^3o. About
monthly by China Navigation Co. To Hongkong, first class, ;^3o;
second class, £ig ids.

ROUND THE WORLD via JAVA.

The Australian tourist who wishes to make Java a stepping-stone on
his trip to other parts of the East, to Europe, America or "Round the
World," will find the following resume of steamship connections useful
when making up his plans.

This resume has been most carefully compiled, but no responsibility
attaches to the Company for the information given below : —

FROM JAVA DIRECT.

To Europe via Singapore, Sabang (Sumatra), Colombo, Suez,
Genoa, Algiers, Tanger, Lisbon and Southampton to Amsterdam fort-
nightly per "Nederland" Line (S.M.N.). To Southampton or Amster-
darn, first class, £yi los. ; second class, £^1 15s.

To Europe via Padang (Sumatra), Colombo, Suez, Marseilles,
Gibraltar, Tanger, Lisbon to Rotterdam: Fortnightly per "Rotterdam
Lloyd." To Rotterdam or London, first class, £71 los. ; second class,
£4^ 15s.

Through passengers booked from Australia to Europe by "Neder=
land" or "Rotterdam Lloyd" Lines at reduced rates. For further
particulars, see page 157.

To China via Macassar, per Java-China-Japan Line: First class,
^12 los. to Hongkong; ;£'i6 13s. 4d. to Amoy and Shanghai.

To Japan via Hongkong, per Java-China-Japan Line: First class,
£12 6s. 8d. to Yokohama; £1^ iis. 8d. to Kobe and Moji.

Tx) Singapore and Penang, per K.P.M. (Royal Packet S.N. Co.):
First class, single, ;<^5 5s. and ^^'S 15s.

xiix.

FROM JAVA via SINGAPORE.

In most cases Singapore will be found the most convenient centre
to continue the voyage from, as it is a port of call of all steamship lines
between Europe, India and the Far East, as well as an important centre
of the Island trade.

The connections from Singapore are : —

To Europe {via Colombo) —

By P.& O. (fortnightly)

„ N.D.L.

„ M.M.

,, S.M.N.

,, N.Y.K.

To China and Japan.

By P. &. O. (fortnightly) .
„ N.D.L.

„ M.M.
„ N.Y.K.

1st Class.

2nd Class.

;^66 o o

■ ;^44

66 o o

41 15

50 o o

To Hongkong. To Shanghai. To Yokohama.
;^8 16 o .. £12 15 o .. ;^i6 10 o
8 16 o . . 13 15 o . . 16 10 o
8 16 o . . 13 15 o .. lb 10 o
800.. II 00.. 1400

To Saigon.—

By M.M. (fortnightly), first class, ^5 12s.; second class, j£^ 4b.

To Bangkok.—
By N.D.L. (every four days): First class, £g 6s. 8d. ; second class,
£^ 13s. 4d.

To Rangoon. —
By B.I. : First class, £8 6s. 8d.

To Calcutta.—

By B.I., via Rangoon (weekly)
,, Apcar Line, direct (fortnightly)
,, Indo-China S.S. Co., direct (fortnightly)
,, P. & O., via Colombo (fortnightly)
,, M.M.

To Bombay, —

By P. & O. (fortnightly)
,, Austrian-Lloyd (fortnightly)
,, Florio Rubattino Line (fortnightly)

.,, M.M. (fortnightly)

To Madras.-

By B.I., via Penang (fortnightly)

First class,

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23 2

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2nd Class.

£23 -'

£j7 12
1 1 1 4 8
II 00

£23 2

17 12

First class, ^11 13 4

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JAVA - AUSTRALIA LINE.
SHL-OON PHSSMGE RPJTES

From 1st JULY, 1912.

Melbou rne
£'i Sydney

£5

^10

£li

£16

;^22

£^0

£32

£»2

^34

;f37

£S

£^

£i-2

^14

^20

.^28

^30

£»^

^32

^35

Brisbane

i:i2

^12

Cairns or Townsville

£ilio/-

£»

Port Moresby

^4/10/-

Thursday Island

^18

£-2^

£i-i

£^s

£^0

£'23

£& Dobo

£21 , Macassar

£28 £25 j ;^25 ^23 5ourabaya

£■29

£30

£3S

£26 £26 £24 5amarang

£^7

£30

£11 \ £25 Batavia

£ZQ £2% Singapore

Return Tickets (available for 12 months) issued at Double Single
ilates, less 20 per cent,, with the following exceptions : —

Melbourne — Thursday Island, £21 ; Sydney— Thursday Island, ^25 4s. ;
Brisbane— Thursday Island, ;^21 10s. ; Melbourne— Port Moresby and
return by direct steamer, /■23 10s. ; via Thursday Island, ;^27 ; from
Sydney and Brisbane, /20 and £2b 4s. ' Ho Return Tick^s issued to
Macattar.

Introduction.

Java! There is music in the word when spoken. It sounds like a
bar of a soft melody, like the first syllables of a poem appealing to one's
sympathy.

And the Island of Java certainly can claim not only one's sympathy,
but the greatest interest, may the visitor to. its shores be a sight-seer,
a man of affairs, a scientist or a literateur in search of knowledge.

The field of attraction is so diversified, the horizon of enthralling
beauty and scenic magnificence so wide, that it becomes a difficult task
indeed to finally settle on a choice of route through the glories of this
wonderful Isle of the East--Java.

The following pages have been compiled in the endeavour to place
before intending tourists some of the most prominent attractions, in
picture and word, touching also to a smaJl extent upon commercial
matters of the Dutch Indies.

The Editor.

UNDER DISTINGUISHED PATRON ACE.

..nmzins'.

Corner of BOURKE. & WILLIAM STREETS, MELBOURNE

VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.

THE WALDORF ASTORIA OF AUSTRALIA.
THL RLPUTATION OF MENZ1L5' 15 WORLD-WIDE

Raukiiig as it doe.'; witli the palatial establishments of other
lauds, "MENZIES," is rightly regarded as the leading
Hotel in the .Southern Hemisphere.

Modern Lounges and Winter Garden on the Ground Hoov
in the Italian Renaissance Style, with perfect Plenum
System of Ventilation, Heating and Cooling.

Hl,UVATORS.

MAONIFICBNl- DINING HAI,I,. TELEGRAPH OPKICK.

Convenient to Theatres, Railways and Steamers.

J. KIRK SPEEDIE

anager.

Section I.

CHAPTER II.

Ihc Official Tourist Bureau at Weltevrcden,

BATAVIA.

is situated in the heart of the city at the corner of Ryswyk and Gang
Pool, facing the Canal.

The management consists of prominent city gentlemen who,
together with a Secretary, direct the methods to be adopted for the pur-
pose of advertising their glorious country and of advising visitors and
intending tourists as to the variety of tours, their cost, duration, railway
facilities, and so forth.

A liberal grant by the Government, under whose control the Bureau
is conducted, is augmented by a pro rata contribution by the local
residents, and enables the Official Tourist Rureau to do most useful
work in the direction indicated.

The office hours are from 7.30 a.m. to i p.m. and from 4.30 p.m.
to 7.30 p.m., the telephone being No. 443.

The Official Tourist Bureau has a branch office at Sourabaya
situated at Willem Straat (Rotterdam Lloyd Office) for the convenience
of those visitors who arrive at that port and are leaving their vessel there.

An Australian agency has also been established at the office of the
Royal Packet Steam Naviga'tion Co., Royal Exchange Buildings, 56
Pitt Street, Sydney, where fullest information is available, photographs
of some of the more prominent beauty spots of Java may be inspected,
and illustrated booklets, published by the above Bureau, obtained.

The following pages were supplied by the Official Tourist Bureau
as outlining the great possibilities of the Island of Java for the tourist

jnvn.

Although not the largest, Java is the most important of the numerous
islands which form the Netherlands Indian Archipelago; it is a vgiT
interesting tropical island.

It is some 660 miles long, and has a maximum width of 130 miles
which diminishes to 55 miles at the narrowest point.

The area of the island measures some 51,350 square miles, and so
fertile is the soil that there is hardly a part of it which is not cultivated
with success. Java is not only a land of beauty, but also a land of
plenty. It supports with ease a population of nearly forty million people.

Java in the past has not been visited so extensively and made known
to the world as it deserves to be. Of recent \ears, however, much has
been done by the Official Tourist Bureau at Batavia to attract the atten-
tion of tourists to this beautiful Island, and, being accessible from
Singapore by frequent Dutch steamers, it is becoming better known to
the tourist, as well as to the man of business. It is gratifving to note
that the number of tourists in Java is increasing, the estimated influx
being more than a thousand everv vear.

Java is situated on or about "one of the great fissures of the earth's
crust," and some fift}- of its mountains are volcanoes, several of which
have been terribly destructive at different times in the past.

rhe railway service of Netherlands India is well regulated, the cars
are clean and comfortable, the oflicials well-trained and obliging. Most
trains include first, second and third class carriages; a special article
about the Railways will be found further on.

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FROM BLTFENZORG TO SINDANGLAVA.— FJve hours in a two

wheeled \ehicle does not sound
entrancing, but the \ie\vs on the
road are so fascinating, and
the air is so cool and healthful
that the \isitor will never regret
this trip. The road from
Buitenzorg to Sindanglaya has
many steep grades and curves.
The highest point of the road
is the Poentjah Pass. Here
the eye is drawn towards the stately mass of the volcanoes, Pangerango
and Gedeh, and then rests upon the valley covered with sawahs (rice-
fields), set off by the
deeper shades of the
woods. In the far
distance the roof of
the Hotel Sindang-
laya may be per-
ceived. The visitor
should not omit to
see the Lake Telaga
Warna, at a quarter
of an hour distance
from the Ppentja'k
Pass. The tourist
who visits Sindang-
laya by starting from
Tjiandjoer will reach

the hotel in two and a quarter hours along a most picturesque road, past
Tjipanas (the country seat of the Governor-General) and the little Lake
Tjisaroewa.

INDANGLAYA is situated 3479
feet above sea level. It is a
favorite hill resort. The Hotel
Sindanglaya is nicely situated
on a little hill and affords a
most charming view of the
landscape, with the volcanoes,
Pangerango and Gedch, in the
background. Some beautiful
excursions can be made from
Sindanglaya. The trip to the Falls of Tjibeureum, Tjihoendool and
Tjibodas, via the country seat of the Governor-General at Tjipanas, and

View of Sindanglaya.

A Typical Kice Field.

the "Mountain Gar-
den" at Tjibodas
can be made in half
a day. Leaving
Sindanglaya in the
early morning, one
can be back for
lunch. The excur-
sion is made on foot
or horse-back or by
sedan chair.

'Ihe Goenoeng
Kasoer ("Breakfast

Hill") can be reached in one hour. A splendid view of the surrounding
mountains can be obtained here. The market of Patjet (two and a half

miles distant from Sindanglaya)
is well worth a visit on Saturday
morning when hundreds of
natives swarm together, the
man\-colored dresses of the
red-cheeked Soendanese women
affording a pretty sight.

BANDOENG is an import-
ant centre of the Preanger Re-
gencies. It is a thriving town
and is rapidly extending its
borders. Bandoeng is a pleasant
town and well worth visiting for its own sake. It possesses two first-
class hotels, the Hotel Homann and the Preanger Hotel.

The most im- ,

portant and cer-
tainly most inter-
esting excursion to
be made from
Bandoeng is that
to the volcano,
Tangkoeban Pra-
hoe. The ascent
of this mountain is
very easy. One
proceeds per trap
to Lembang (ex-
cellent hotel, Beau L^ke Tubodas. Sindanglaya.

One of the Many Viaducts on the Govern-
ment Railroad to Bandoeng.

S6jour). About half way the
visitor will have a beautiful
view of the plain. From
Lembang he continues his
way up to the crater on
horse-back or per sedan chair,
passing through cinchona
plantations and through a
magnificent jungle, till at
last he arrives at the edge of
the open crater, where bub-
bling sulphur pools and a wide
view over the fertile valley are a sufficient reward for all his exertions.

The Volcano Papandayan.

Another charming excursion to be made from Lembang is to the
Kawah (Crater) Domas, which trip can also be made on horse-back, and
of Krawang.

GAROET is situated in the
great green plain of Garoet, 2500
feet above sea level, and is sur-
rounded by splendid mountains-
It possesses three excellent hotels,
Hotel \an Horck, Hotel Papan-
dayan and Hotel \'illa Dolce, and
is a favorite hill and pleasure
resort.

The Plain of Tasikmalaya.
Pretty though the town is in

itself, its greatest attraction is to be found in the beautiful excur-
sions which can be made from here. A great excursion from Garoet

is to the crater
of the active volcano,
Papandayan, a moun-
tain fifteen miles in
length by six in
breadth. It has been
in vigorous eruption
within the eighteenth
century; it still
steams and rumbles,
and, like the Goen-
oeng Goentoer, or
"Thunder Mountain" across the plain, it may burst forth again at any
moment.

The Pish Ponds en route to the Hot Springs
(Tjipanas).

Hot Sulphur Springs, near Telaga Bodas.

The trip is made partly per. trap (as far ate the Hotel Villa Pauline,
at Tjisoeroepan), partly on horse-back or per sedan chair (from Tjisoe-
roepan to the crater).

Another beautiful excursion is to the White Lake, called by natives,
Telaga Bodas ; this trip is also
made partly per trap, partly on
horse-back or per sedan chair.
Interesting trips arc also
to the Kawah Manoek, Kawah
Ka, Modjan, and by carriage
to the Lakes of Leles and Ba-
geodit.

DJOKJAKARTA (abbre-
viated, D ]' o k j a) creates a
favourable impression on the
visitor. The town has a quiet
charm of its own which dis-
tinguishes it from all other towns in Java. The plan of the
town is very simple. In the centre is the fortress, X'redenburg,
in a square, with beautifully shaded avenues. On the west side is
the Toegoe Road, past the Residency, the Palace of the "Ryks-
bestuurder" (Regent) and the Hotels Toegoe and Mataram. The
Kraton or Sultan's Pa.lace has a circumference of four miles and a
population of 15,000.

Djokja is particularly known for its Javanese hand-work, batik,

leather, silver, brassworks, krisses and
other weapons, etc. There is a show-
room of Mrs. ter Horst, where modern
languages are spoken. The principal
attraction of Djokja is the famous
Buddhist temple called Boro Budur.
In order to reach it the visitor can
proceed by steam tram as far as Moen-
tilan, thence per carriage to Boro Budur
or per motor car from Djokja to Boro
Budur.

The Chandi Mendoet is on the
route from Moentilan to Boro Boedoer,
and near the Progo River. It is a
roof-covered sanctuary, and makes a
great impression, though it is not so
very big. The three gigantic Buddha images are works of art by first-
class sculptors. The phantastic light on the heads, the indefinable beauty

On the Hoad to the Volcano,
Kawah Manoek.

of this very fine piece of sculpture will not easily be forgotten.. This
temple is called the gem of the Hindu monuments in Central Java.
In architectural beauty it is superior to the Boro Budur, but it is
much smaller. On the sides
of the staircase are sculp-
tured legends.

A short distance farther
on and across the Progo
River is the Boro Budur,
the beauty of which cannot
briefly be described.

A group of very re-
markable, fine, old temple
ruins is to be found in the
plain of Prambanan, about
30 minutes by rail from Qn the Main Boad to Mount Darawatl.

Djokja. If travelling by
carriage one can also have a look at the Chandi Kalassan, or Kali
Bening, with the ruins of the monastery Chalidi Sahri. The temple is
older than the Boro Budur, which is supposed to date back from 850
A.D. The style of the Chandi Kalassan resembles that of the Chandi
Mendoot.

SOERAKARTA, commonly called Solo, has also a fortress in the
centre of the town, and a kraton with an aloon-aloon on a scale even

larger than at Djokja. X'isitors to
Solo should not fail to visit the Royal
Park, Sri Weedodari, which is open to
the public on payment of a small fee.
The garden, is well laid out and con-
tains splendid trees, pounds covered
with lotos flowers, and a good collec-
tion of anirtials, such as monkeys,
bears, tigers, peacocks, etc. The
term \^'eedodari means "heavenly
nymph." From Solo a branch line of
the raih\ a>' leads to Samarang, on the
north coast of Java.

SAMARANG is an important com-
mercial town, and the new port, which
is in course of construction, will doubt-
lessly add to the prosperity of the town.
Though Samarang can boast of some ^ cry fine avenues and an excellent
hotel (Hotel du Pavilion), the town is of little importance to tourists.

Tjemaras and Perntrees.

MALANG is situ-
ated in the Plain of

Malang at 1400 feet

above sea level. It is a

healthy, lovely little

place, where races are

held in the month of

September.

Hotels: Hotel

Marinus Jansen, Hotel

Jensen.

Charming little

excursions are those to ^^® Summit of Mount Welirang, near Lawang.

the bathing-place, Mendit (Wendit), to Singosari (Hindu ruins), to the

bathing-place, Soember Ringin, which trip can be connected with a

trip to the Hindu ruins at
Kidal and Toempang.

An excursion which
can be highly recom-
mended is that per trap
via Batoe to Poedjon,
whence several beautiful
trips can be made.

The Hotel Poedjon is
3662 feet above sea level,
it is a good up-country
hotel, built on the
Pavilion system, and is

frequently visited by Sourabayan families during the holidavs. Of all

roads in East Java the one from Poeajon to Ngantang is no doubt one

of the most beautiful.

Past hill-tops over-
grown with fallow

grass glittering like

pure gold in the sun,

past \'ertiginous

ravines, apparently

filled with an indescrib-
,able richness of \ege-

tation, past mountain

ridges where the

primeval forest is left

and at the foot of

Mount Welirang.-One of the Crater Pits
1«

On tlie Lawang Eoad.

which rustles the Kali Konto. Through this paradise the road leads to
Ngantang, ascending and descending, winding around the rocks and
hill-slopes at the foot of the Kawi Mountains, the Pardorg Klakah and
Darawati. The finest falls on this road are those of Trfetfes and Kedong
Redjo.

LAWANG is situated at 1635 feet above sea level on the railway
from Sourabaya to Malang. It is quite a small place, but is chiefly
Interesting for its lovely surroundings. It is the starting-point for
tourists who wish to visit the health resort, Nongko Djadjar, or who
want to go to Tosari via Nongko Djadjar. Tosari can also be reached
from Sourabaya via Pasoeroean. Fhe tourist goes by rail as far as
Pasoeroean, thence per trap via Pasrepan to Poespo (Hotel Poespo),
and from there on horse-back or per sedan chair to Tosari. The road
from Pasoeroean to Poespo is in very good condition ; past Pas-
peran it has many

grades and curves, and ...„^.,,<<.-j«.Ai»t.., . > . ,,,

is a lovely mountam «*..

road.

Poespo is situated
at 2500 feet above sea
level. It is the acclim-
atisation station for
the Sanatorium Tosari,
and affords a lovely
view of the plain.

The road from Poespo to Tosari leads through a beautiful region,
past vertiginous ravines bordered with tjemara trees which have some
resemblance to fir trees.

TOSARI, at 6000
feet above sea level, is
often called the Paradise
of the East. Numerous
excursions can be made
in the vicinity of Tosari,
and good walkers can
make several trips on
foot in this delightfully
cool climate.

We mention the
walk by the "Lever-
laantje, ' ' past charming

Mount Welirang, TUe Stone Field.

Mouutaln Brook, near Tosari.

ravines, the trip to Ngadiwono (on the road from Nongko Djadjar to
Tosari), the very nice walk to the Nymphean Bath, a small waterfall,
extremely romantic and pretty.

The Idjeu Plateau, Lake Djediug.

A zig-zag path leads from near the fall to the Hindu village, \\ ono-
kitri, and, turning to the left, to the Hindu villages, Proewono and
Sedaeng. Though in themselves the villages are not beautiful or
picturesque, the trip to the "Three Desas" (as they are called at
Tosa:ri) is of great charm.

The trip to the Moengal Pass and the Bromo is verv easv, as it
can be made on horse-back (or per sedan chair) almost to the crater
ridge. The last 300 or
400 yards must be done

t>n foot, but there is a ■»/

Leton staircase to
iacilitate the climb. — ' *•■

A very fine excur-
sion is that to the Lakes
on the saddle of the
T e n g g e r and the
Smeiroe, by wa}' of the
Sand Sea. The Lake
R a n o o Pani is the
nearest, and the trip

The Kawah Idjen.

there and back takes fourteen hours on hor^e-back, so that intending
visitors should leave Tosari very early in the morning. An excursion to
(Lake) Ranoo Koonibolo takes twenty hours there and back.

The Kawah Idjen, Solfatara.

Highly recommended by' tourists is a trip to the Pcrandjaon, from
the top of which the spectacle of the Sand -Sea and Bromo is an over-
whelming one. It is, however, impossible to descend from the Perand-
jaon to the Sand Sea.

NONGKO DJADJA has also splendid surroundings of forest and
mountain scenery. The Sanatorium is very good and within easy reach
from Lawang and Tosari. Visitors to the Tengger Mountains can
arrange a lovely round trip — Pasoeroean, .Tosari, Nongko Djadjar,
Lawang, Bangil.

BANJOEWANGI
is situated on the east
coast of Java, in the
Straits of Bali. It is
connected by rail with
Sourabaya. The place
itself is hardly worth a
visit, but the excur-
sion to the Idjen
Plateau is made from
Banjoewangi.

The Idjen Plateau,
covering an area of The Kawah Idjen.

53,ooo acres, is the bottom of a very large, old crater. Like the Sand
Sea, it is surrounded by a crater wall, 2000 feet high, from which rise
several mountain-tops. In the south-east are the enormous craters of

The Path to the Volcano, Bromo, during the Native Festivities.

the Raoon and Socket, to the east the Djampit and Ranti, and in the
west the Merapi ; in the north-east are the Ringgih Mountains, while
the old crater is bordered on the north by the Kendeng ridge, in which
is a clough through which the water of the Banjoepoetih flows to

the sea.

The Idj.en Plateau is not a sandf
sea. Large, barren-looking grass;;
plains extend beyond coffee plantationsj
and forests.

Tra\ell.ers who visit the Idjen =
Plateau generally go there solely for
the purpose: of seeing the Kawah Idjen
(6867 feet above sea level), the crater
lake and Mount iNlerapi (9153 feet
above sea level).

The jojirney is made per trap in
one hour and a half as far as Letjin,
and thence on horse-back, past rice-
fields and rt^ffee estates, and through;
a magnificent virgin forest. About

Water Tall of the Banjoepoetih Elver,
Idjfcn Plateau.

Idjen Plateau— The Djeding Elver.

four and a half hours
later on a junction is
reached ; the path on the
right leads to the Ka-
wah Idjen in about one
hour. Suddenly the
traveller sees the crater
walls, and, far beneath
him, the deep-green lake
surrounded by perpen-
dicular rocks. The
grandeur of K a w a h
Idjen is beyond com-
parison. The rocky walls glitter in the rays erf the sun, and in the after-
noon, when hit by the setting sun, show a wonderful richness of colour.
The lake is a great wonder, and its splendour beggars description.

SOURABAYA, the

capital of the Resi-
dency of the same
name, is the first com-
mercial town of Nether-
lands India. Passen-
gers arriving by steamer
disembark at the Oed-
joeng, . whence a car-
riage will convey them
to the Upper Town,
where the best hotels —
the Oranje Hotel, Hotel
Simpang and Hotel Embong Malang — are to be found. Travellers by
train should leave the train at the Upper Town Station (Goebeng Station)
as it is near the above-
mentioned hotels. To
obtain a general im-
pression of the town
the traveller is recom-
mended to take a drive
through the Upper
Town (along Simpang,
Kayoon, Kaliasin, To-
endjoengan, Gemblon-
gan and the banks of

the Kali Mas.) and the Tjje Coramerr.ial Quarter, Sourabaya.

Street View, Sourabaya.

street and Eiver Scenes— Socrnbaya-

Lower Town, especially the Chinese quarter, where the tourist will get
some idea of Sourabaya's trade. He will find it interesting to spend
part of the evening on the terrace of the Restaurant Hellendoorn, on

Passar Besar, one of the
busiest parts of the
town.

Sourabaya has a
large naval establish-
ment and naval dock-
yards, which are, how-
ever, not open to the
public.

A few general hints
concerning the language,
the mode of living, the
hotels, the currency and

other important points may not be out of place, but become useful to

travellers visiting Java.

Sourabaya, Passar Besar.

Kiver View, Sourabaya.

GENERAL HINTS.

Refrain from giving tips (person) unless for actual performed service.
Usual tips are : Room boy (jonges) for single day, 50 cents ; for week or
longer, f2 per week. Drivers : 25 cents half-day and 50 cents for whole
day. Guides : 75 cents.

Avoid argument with sado or ebro drivers. Their tariff is : — Sados :
/0.15 per each quarter-hour, or /0.60 per hour. Ebros : /0.25 per each
quarter-hour, or /i.oo per hour.

When alighting, place proper fare on seat nearest the driver and
depart.

Rubber-tyred mylords (victorias), obtainable from the best hotels or
livery stables, are from /5 upwards for a period not exceeding two hours.

Motor cars, either from hotels or garages, charge about /15 for the
first hour, with about /6 for each additional hour. Distance drives as
per arrangement.

CURRENCY.

One guilder=is. 8d. divided into four "kwartjes" of 25 cents = 5d.,
or 10 "dubbeltjes" of 10 cents = 2d. equal to 100 cents.

MALAY VOCABULARY.

A few every-day single words and sentences, etc., in English and
Malay may be useful.

The \o\\"els are pronounced thus: — A fuH as in father. E as e in
neck. I as ee in feel. O full as in open. Qe as u in full. / as y : —

Boat

Boatman

Coolie

Customhouse

Electric train

First class

Second class

Third class

Ticket

Gold coin

Silver coin

Copper coin

Hotel

House

Letter

Luggage

Money

Office

Paper money

Pier

Railway

Railway carriage

Room

Shore

Steamship

Stop

Telegraph office

Ten-cents piece

Twenty-five-cents piece

Time-table

Tram

Policeman

Police Station

Sampang

Toekang sampang

Coolie

Kantor douane

Trem lekstrik

Klas satoe

Klas doewa

Klas tiga

Kartjes

Wang fnas

Wang perak

Doewit tembaga

Roemah makan

Roemah

Soerat

Barang

Wang

Kantor

^\'ang kertas

Plantaran

Spoor

Kretta api

Kamar

Darat

Kapal api

Brenti

Soerat kawat

Kantor kawat

Sketip

Talen (stali)

Soerat Ijretta api

I rem

Oppas policie

Kantor a?olicie

Postal-card

Post Office

I will go

Go quickly

How much (price) ?

How much (quantity)?

I won't do it

I won't give it

I don't allow it

That's enough

All right ; it is enough

Come here

Don't want it

Wait a little

It is no use bothering me any
more

Hold your tongue

Be off

Here, coolie, take my luggage

Two men only

Five pieces

Are vou the mandoer from
Hotel X?

Yes, Sir.

Here is the receipt of my lug-
gage, you take care of it,
pay the coolies for me and
bring it to the Hotel.

Here is a quarter (/ 0.25) to
pay the coolies.

W^here is your bus (waggon)?

Everything allright?

Go on, then.

Have you a room?

Where is the landlord?

Boy, take my luggage to
"No. 50," five pieces.

Have you got them?

I want some tea or coffee.

Is there no barber?

Yes, Sir, he will be here after
a while.

Call the washerman for me.

Here, washerman, are 20
pieces. I want them back
in three days ; that means
on the 2gth at 5 o'clock in
the afternoon.

All right. Sir.

Boy, I want some writing
paper, some ink and a pen.

I want some icewater.

I want a bottle of apollinaris.

Where is the lavatory?

Where is the bathroom?

Ooen this bottle.

Kartoe pos

Kantor pos

Saja pigi

Pigi lekas

Brapa doewit

Brapa ada

Tida maoe

Tida kassi

Saja tida kassi

Ini sampeh

Soedah

Mari sini

Tida maoe

Pigi

Nanti sedikit

Soedah, habis perkara

Diam kwe

Pigi

Sini, coolie, angkat barang

Doewa orang sadja

Lima pptong

Kwe mandoer Hotel X ?

Saja Toean

Ini recu deri bagazie, kwe

djaga, bajar coolie dan

bawa di Hotel.

Ini satoe talen (stall) (/ 0.25)
boewat bajar coolie.

Mana omnibus? Kareta?

Soedah klar?

Madjoe.

Ada kapiar?

Mana toean roemah makan?

Jonges, bawa barang di "ka-
mar SO," ada lima potong.

Soedah ada?

Saja minta te (koppie).

Tida ada toekang tjoekoer?

Ada toean, nanti datang.

Pangil menatoe.

Sini, menatoe doewapoeloe
potong, minta kombali
dalem tiga hari, djadi hari
doewapoeloe sembilan, poe-
koel lima sore.

Baai Toean.

Jonges^ minta kertas toelis
dan penna tinta.

Minta ajer ice.

Minta ajer blanda.

Mana kamar ketjil?

Mana kamar mandi?

Boeka ini bottel.

Open this trunk.

At what time is dinner, boy?

Remember, if you don't look

after the mosquitos, you

don't get your tip.
Wake me up to-morrow at 6

o'clock sharp. I want to

leave by the first train to

Buitenzorg.
Can I have some breakfast

before I leave?
Yes, Sir, breakfast is always

ready at 6 o'clock.

I want a carriage and a lug-
gage car.

I want some half-boiled eggs.

Let me have a couple of fried
eggs or ham and eggs.

I want some tea, boy.

Where is the menu?

Bring me some soup first.

I don't want any rice.

Let me have some rice but
none of the hot dishes.

I want only chicken, eggs and
fish.

Let me have some beef-steak
and salad.

Boy, I want some bread.

Let me have the wine-list.

Bring me a bottle of Claret
No. lo.

Give me some ice, boy.

Give me some fruit.

Have you a match for me?

To the left.

To the right.

To the British Consul.

Glass

Fork

Ice water

Knife

Plate

Spoon

Teaspoon

Teacup

Tumbler

Tablecloth

Wine glass

Bed

Bench

Chair

Desk

Drawer

Table

Screen

Boeka irii kopper.

Poekoel brapa makan, jonges?

Ingat, kaloe kwe tida djaga

njamok kwe tida dapat

presfen.
Kassi bangoen bissok pagi

poekoel annem betoel. Saja

maoe pigi di Buitenzorg

(Bogor).
Bisa dapat makan doeloean?

Saja Toean. Makanan deri

poekoel annem soedah

klaar.
Saja minta karetta dan kar-

etta bagazie.
Minta telor stengah mateng.
Kassi doewa mata sapi atauw

mata sapi dan ham.
Jonges, minta te.
Mana soCrat makan ?
Bawa sop doeloe.
Tida makan nassi.
Minta nassi, tapi tida maoe

sambal.
Minta ajam, telor dan ikan

sadja.
Minta biefstuk sama salad.

Jonges, 'minta roti.

Bawa soerat anggoer

Kassi satoe bottel anggoer

merra No. sapoeloe.
Minta ice, jonges.
Minta bpea.
Kwe ada korrek api?
Kiri.
Kanan.

Pigi di kantor konsul Inggris.
Glas
Garpoe
Aer ice
Piso
Firing
Sendok
Sendok te
Mangkok
Glas besar
Taplak

Glas .\nggoer
Tampat tidoer
Bankoe
Krossie
Medja toelis
Lemari
Medja
Adangan

Pitcher
Beef
Beer
Bread
Chicken
Eggs
Kish
Milk
Mustard
Pepper
Rice
Salt
Sugar
A little
Half
. Large
Small
Cold

Fine weather
Hot
Rain
Thunder
Crater
Shirt
Shoe
Slippers
Soap
Socks
Spectacles
Sun

That man
Tree

Tooth brush
Tooth powder
Towel
Bath
Trousers
Trunk
Umbrella
Waist coat
Watchmaker
Water closet
Window
Wood
One
Two
Three
Four
Five
Six
Seven
Eight
Nine
Ten
Eleven
Twelve
Thirteen

Karap

Daging

Bier

Roti

Ajam

Telor

Ikan

Soesoe

Mosterd

Lada

Nassi

Garam

Goela

Sedikit

Stenga

Besar

Ketjil

Dingin

Hari Bagoes

Panas

Oedjan

Gloedoek

Kawah

Kemedja

Sepatoe

Slop

Saboen

Sarong kaki. Cowse.

Katja mata

Mata hari

Ini orang

Pohoon

Sikat gigi

Obat gigi

Handoek

Mandi

Tjelana

Kopper

Pajong^

Rompie

Toekang lontjeng

Kamar ketjil

Djendella

Is^ajoe

Satoe

Doewa

Tiga

Ampat

Lima

Anam

Toedjoe

Delapan

Sembilan

Sepoeloe

Sablas

Doewablas

Tigablas

P'ourteen A.mpatblas

Fifteen Limablas

Sixteen Anamblas

Seventeen Toedjoeblas

Eighteen Delapanblas

Nineteen Sembilanblas

Twenty Doewa poeloe

Twenty-one Doewa poeloe satoe

Twenty-two Doewa poeloe doewa

Thirty-four Tiga poeloe ampat

Forty-six Ampat poeloe anam

Hundred Seratoe^

thousand Sereboe

Clock or watch Lontjen^

Time Tempo

Minute Minuut

What is the time? Poekoel brapa?

One o'clock. Poekoel satoe

Two o'clock Poekoel doewa

Half-past two Stengah tiga

Quarter-past two Poekoel doewa sprapat

Morning Pagi

Noon Siang

Afternoon Sore

I Eng. mile i paal

MODE OF LIVING.

It is advisable to rise at 6 a.m. to enjoy the glorious morning, which
will be appreciated as the best part of the day. Take a shower-bath and
order your tea or coffee which will be brought by your room "jonges. "

If a good pedestrian, a walk is recommended. If driving is pre-
ferable, order a carriage from the hotel or engage a public vehicle and
obtain a \'iew of your surroundings. Return by 8 o'clock and breakfast.

Further excursions may be made till noon, when all principal stores
close, opening again at 4 p.m. Business houses are open all day until the
last-named hour.

After tiffin (12.30), rest; rising at 4 o'clock a second bath will be
welcome, after which order your afternoon tea or coffee. .A visit to the
city with a call at the Club will fill in the evening till 7.30 p.m., when it
is time to return to your hotel and to dress for dinner (8.30).

To ladies, lightest muslin or silk is recommended. To gentlemen,
white clothes and boots for every-day wear are necessary to spend your
time in comfort. \'ery light woollen underwear is recommended. Native
laundrymen are quick and cheap.

The stores in all settled towns are up-to-date, and European doctors
and chemists are easily available.

Make your complaints, if any, to the hotel manager and not to
native attendants.

- LIST OF HOTELS. -

In Java, Sumatra and Singapore.

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.

Prices are quoted per diem.

Rs— Ro

AMBARAWA. Hotel Arabarawa, 22 Rs, f S.

Spoorhotel Vau Rheedeu,
,_ reKs, fS.W.

BANDJARNHGARA. Hotel Bandjarnegara,
6Rs, f4.

BANDOBNG. 'Hotel Homaiin, 02 Rs, f 5.2S

tofT.as.
Hotel Mignon, 22 Rs, f 3 to f 4.
Spoorhotel Phoenix, 17 Rs,

f 2.50 to f 3.50

•Preanger Hotel, 28 Rs, f 5.60
tof V.
Hotel ■Wjlhelmina, 16 Rs, f 4
tof6.

BANJOUMAS. Hotel Banjoemas, 10 Rs, f 3.60
to f 4.

Hotel De Lyon & Co., 8 Rs, f 5.
BANJOEWANGI. Hotel Banjoewangi, 17 Rs,f 5.
BATAVIA. See WELTEVREDBN.

Hotel Besoeki, 4 Rs, fS.

BESOEKl.
BIJMBING.

BLITAR.

BODJA.

BOJOLAIJ.

BONDOWOSO.

Hotel Weudit, 9 Rs. f 2.60 to
f3.50.

Hotel du Chemin de Fer, lf> Rs,
f5.

Hotel Bodja,4Rs, f 6.

Hotel Bojolali, 6 Rs, (4 to f 5.

Hotel Bondowoso, 10 Rs, f 6.
HotelHoefce, 4Ra, f6.

BHITENZORG. 'Hotel Bellevue, 32 Rs. f 5 to
f6.

•Hetel du Chemin de For,
40Rs, f6tof7.

Hotel de I'Europe, 16 Rs, f S 50,

Hotel Cheribou, 46 Rs, f 6.
Hotel Cheriex, 13 Rs, f 6.

CHERIBON.

DIENG PLATEAU. Hotel Dieug-, 4 Rs, f 5.

DJOEWANA. Hotel Djoewaua. 7 Rs, fS.

DJOCJAKARTA. Hotel Matarani, 30 Rs. f 4 to
f6.
Hotel Toegoe, 40 Rs, f 6 to f 8.
A new Hotel building.

DJOMBA'NG. Hotel Paviljoen, 18 Rs, f 6.

GOMBONG.
KAMAL.

KEBOEMEN.
KEDIRI.

KLATEN.

KOEDOES,
KOENINGAN.

KRAKSAAN.
KRAWANG.
L.^MONGAN.
LAWANG.

LEMBANG.

LOEMADJANG.
MADIOEN.

MAGELANG.

MAGETAN.

Hotel Qoentoer, 7 Rs, f 6,

Hotel Pension Hielckert. 12 Rs,
f4.

•Hotel Villa Dolce, 36 Rs, f 6
tof7.

•Hotel van Horck, 30 Rs, f 8.
*Tourist Hotel " Papandajan.''
14 Rs, fO.

Hotel Goniboug, 6 Rs, f 4.

Hotel Nieuw Scheveningen,
7 Rs, ff:.

Hotel " Le Bienvenu," 8 Rs, f 6.

Hotel Centrum, 7 Rs, f 6.
Hotel Kediri,23Rs,r3.60to [i.

Hotel Klaten, 4 Rs, f 3.50.
Posthotel. 5 Rs. I 5.

Hotel Koedoes, 12 Rs, f 4.

Hotel Sarkies, 5 Rs, f 4.

Ladies Van der Sraitte, 6 Rs,
f 3 to f 3.60.

Hotel Kraksaan, 6 Rs, f 5.

Hotel Krawaug, 7 Rs, f 4.

Hotel Laraongan, 2 Rs, f 6.

Hotel du Chemin de Fer, 11 Rs,

f5.
Hotel Lawaug, 20 Rs, f 6.

Hotel "Nongko Djadjar,"
4000 feet above sea level
(12 miles distant front
Lawaiig),30Rs, f5 tof6.

Hotel Rozenhof (Annex of the
Batavia Hotel der Neder-
landen), 20 Rs, f 6 to f 7.60.

Hotel Bergzicht, 16 Rs, f 3.50
tofS.

Hotel Mesker, U Rs, fa.

Hotel van Beresteyn, 22 Rs, f 6.
Spoorhotel, 4 Rs, t 3.50.

Hotel Centrum. 17 Rs, f 4.
Hotel Loze, 20 Rs, f 6.

Hotel Stoove, 3 Re, f 6.

MALAKG. Hotel Janseii, 30 Rs, f S.55.

Hotel Jensen, 37 Rs, f 3 to f 5,
Spoorhotel, 10 Rs, f2.60tof 6.

MAOS. Government Hotel (Staals-

hotel),24R5, f 4.

MODJOKERTO. Hotel Modjopait, 25 Rs, i 6.

NGANDJOEK. Hotel Wilhelniina, 7 Rs, f 6.

NGAWI. Hotel Ng-awi, 3 Ks, f 5,

OENGARAN. Hotel Oengaran, 11 Rs. f 4

tofo.

PAMEKASAN. Hotel Pamekasau, 12 Ks. f 6.

PATI. Hotel Pati, 12 Rs, f6.

PATJITAN. Hotel Patjitan, -2 Rs, f 6.

PARE;E. Hotel Minerva, 10 Rs, f 6.

PASOEKOEAN. Marine Hotel, 66 Rs, f S.

Hotel Tonjes, 12 Rs, f 4.50.

PEKAi:,ONGAN. Hotel Niepoth, 24 Rs, f 5.

POERWAKARTA. Hotel Poerwakarta.lORs, f6.

POEKWODADI. Hotel Verdier, B Rs, f 4 to f 6.

POERWOREDJO. Hotel Centrum, 10 Rs, f 4.
Hotel van Laar, 10 R.-i, f 5.

POEDJON. Hotel Poedjon, 20 Rs, f 5 to f 6.

PONOROGO. Hotel Ponorogo, 4 Rs, f 5.

PRIGKN. Hotel Prigen, 17 Rs, f 8.

PROBOLIKGGO. Hotel Pension Houingr, 8 Rs,

f 4.
Hotel Probolinjsio, 24 Rs, fS.60
tof 5.

RANGKAS BETOENC. Hotel Lebak, 4 Rs, f 5.

SALATIGA. Hotel Kali Taman, 24 Rs, f 4 to

fe.

Hotel Van Kleef, 18 Rs, f 3.60
tof 4.50.

SAMPANG. Hotel Sampang^, 6 Rs, f 5.

SEMAKANG. Hotel Jansen, 50 Rs, f 5.25,

Hotel du Pavilion. .TO Rs, f 5.50
tof 7.

HOTELS IN JAVA- Continued.

SOEMEDANG. Hotel Soemedaug, 7 Rs, f 5.
SOEM9NAP. Hotel van Duyne, B Rs, f 5.

SERANG.
SINGAPORE.

SOERABAIA. 'Oranje Hotel, 200 Rs, f 6.50

tof 24.
Hotel Erabong Malang, 40 Rs,

f 6 tof 6.
Hotel Gentenjr Ketabang,

16 Rs, f 5 tof 6,

Hotel des Indep. (in the Lower
Town), 42 Rs, f 5.25

Hotel Sarkies, 24 Rs, f 5.

Hotel Simpang, 62 Rs, f 6.

Pension Slier, 40 Rs, f 5 to f 7

SOLO. (SOERAKARTA) Hotel Rusche, 36 Rs, f 5.
Hotel Slier, 33 Rs, f 6.26.

SRAGEN.

Hotel Schwidder, 6 Rs. f 4.60.

SUMATRA. ♦Hotel de Boer.

(Med^n) 'Medan Hotel.

TASIKMALAJA. Hotel Vogel, 16 Rs, f 4.60.
TKGAL.

Hotel Insulinde, 20 Rs, f 6.
Hotel Tegal, 30 Rs, f 5.

Hotel Serang, 10 Rs, f 4 to f .=i.
•Raffles Hotel.
Grand Hotel de TEnrope.
Adelphi Hotel.
Hotel Van Wyck.

SIDOARDJO. Hotel Sidoardjo, 6 Us. f6.

SINDANGLAJA. Hotel Sindan^laja, ;ii Us, 7
pavilions, f C.

SITOEBONDO. Hotel van Blomnieuatein, i) Rs,
f8.

SOEKABOEML Hotel and Sanatorium SeLi-
batoe, 50 Rs. f tito fS.

Hotel Victoria, 60 R';, f (> lo
fS.

Note. — The asterisk affixed to the name of
recommended.

TEMANGGE;0XG. Hotel Temanggoeng, 6 Rs-
f 5.

TE^'GGER MOUNTAINS. Hotel and Sanator,
• ium, PoespoHill.ll Rs,f5.

Resort Tengger, 30 Rs, f 5,

*HoteI and Sanatorium Tosari,
100 Rs, f7.

TJIANDJOER- Hotel Beyerinck, 12 Rs, f 5.

TJILATJAP. Hotel Bellevue, 17 Rs, f 4to f 5.

Hotel du Chemin de Fer, IS Es,

f3.60 tof 6.
Hotel Tjilatjap, 15 Ss, f 4.

TOSARI. See TENGGER MOUNTAINS

TRENGGALEK. Hotel Trenggalek, 4 Es, fl
tof 5.

TRETES. Hotel Tretes, 24 Es, f5 tof6.

WELERI. Hotel Beek, 2 Es, f 6.

WLINGI. Hotel Wtiugi. 14 Rs, f 4 to f 5.

\\ tlNDSOBO. Hotel Wonosobo, II Rs, f 5. *

WELTEVREDEN. Hotel de France. SO Es, f 4
tof 6.

•Hotel des Indes. 126 Bs, f 6
to flu.

Grand Hotel Java. 78 Es, f6
lo f 10.

Hotel Molenvliet, ■_>5 Es, f4 to
f6.

• Hotel der Nederlanden, 105 Rs,

f f. tof 10.
Hotel Ort, 30 Rs. f 3.50 to f 6.

Hotel Wisfc, 36 Rs, f 5.50 to
f 7.60.

an hotel denotes that it can be specially

Telegraphic Code

MOTELS in jnvn.

Please reserve one single bedroom ALBA

,, ,, one double bedroom ALBUM

,, ,, two single bedrooms BABEL

,, ,, one single and one double bedropm BAZAR

,, ,, two double bedrooms BADINEJ

,, ,, one single and two double bedrooms CADEAU

,, ,, two single and one double bedroom CABLE

,, three single bedrooms CABIN

three double bedrooms CRAPAUD

,, four double bedrooms DAISY

,, ,, one single and three double bedrooms DELAWARE

,, two single and two double bedrooms DISTANCE

,, ,, three single and one double bedroom DORPER

,, ,, four double bedrooms DEDUCT

I (We) don't want the rooms we ordered CANCEL

I (We) shall arrive one day earlier DEARLY

,, „ „ two days earlier TWEAK

one day later RELATE

two days later LATELY

EXAMPLES :

Hotel X.

Weltevreden.

BADINE TO-MORROW.

MEANS : Hotel X. — Weltevreden. Please reserve two double bed-
rooms for to-morrow.

Hotel A.

Bandoeng.

CABIN WEDNESDAY.

MEANS : Hotel A. — Bandoeng. Please reserve three single bed-
rooms next Wednesday.

If the visit is postponed, use one of the last mentioned suitable
words with Signature.

Suggestions for a Mumbcr of Trips,
occupying from 7 to 21 Days.

7 DAYS' TRIP-
No. 1.

I St and and DAYS. — Batavia and Weltevreden.

3rd DAY. — In the early morning to Bui'tenzorg. From Konings-
plein Station, 75 minutes. Visit Botanical Gardens. Leave in afternoon
for Soekaboemi.

4th DAY. — Leave Soekaboemi early for Garoet. Change carriage
at Padalarang for Tjibatoe. Here change carriage for Garoet. Arrival
in the afternoon. At 3 o'clock trip to Lake Bagendit. Return via
Tjipanas.

Sth DAY. — Excursion to Crater of the Volcano Papandayan, to the

White Lake (Telaga Bodas), the Volcano Kawah Manoek or the Lakes

of Leles (Tjangkoewan).

6th DAY. — Leave (iaroet early for Bandoeng. Arrival early after-l

i
noon. Drive through Bandoeng. i

7th DAY. — Leave Bandoeng early for Weltevreden.

No. 2.

1st and 2nd DAYS. — Batavia and Weltevreden.

3rd DAY. — To Buitenzorg. From Koningsplein Station, 75 minutes-
by fast train. Visit Botanical Gardens in the morning. Leave Buiten-
zorg in the afternoon for Soekaboemi.

4th DAY. — Trip to Selabintana.

5th DAY. — Leave Soekaboemi in the morning for Garoet. Arrivals
afternoon. Trip to Lake Bagendit per carriage. Return via Tjipanas.

6th DAY. — Excursion to the Crater of the \'olcano Papandayan, to
the White Lake (Telaga Bodas), the \olcano Kawah Manoek or the
Lakes of Leles (Tjangkoewan).

7th DAY. — To Weltevreden. Leave Garoet before noon. Arrival
Weltevreden (Kemajoran Station) in the afternoon.

10 DAYS' TRIP..

I St and 2nd DAYS. — Bataxia and Weltevreden.

3rd DAW -In the early morning to Buitenzorg. From Koningsplein|
Station, 75 minutes. \'isit Botanical Gardens in the morning. Leave
in the afternoon for Soekaboemi.

4th DAY.— Leave Soekaboemi in the morning for Garoet. Arrival
afternoon. At 3 o'clock trip to Lake Bagendit. Return via Tjipanas.!

5th and 6th DAYS. — Excursions to the Crater of the Volcano Papan-
dayan, to the White Lake (Telaga Bodas), the Volcano Kawah Manoek
or the Lakes of Leles (Tjangkoewan).

7th DAY. — To Djokja. Leave Garoet in the early morning. Change
carriage at Tjibatoe (Java express with dining-car). Arrival Djokja early
afternoon. Drive through Djokja.

8th DAY. — To the Hindoo Temple Ruins of Boro Boedoer. In the
afternoon visit Water Castle.

gth DAY. — To Bandoeng. Leave Djokja before noon. (Java express
with dining-car). Arrival Bandoeng before dinner.

loth DAY. — Leave Bandoeng in the early morning (fast train) or
early in the afternoon (through-train with dining-car). Arrival Weltev-
reden in the afternoon.

14 DAYS' TRIP.

I St and 2nd DAYS. — Batavia and Weltevreden.

3rd DAY. — In the early morning to Buitenzorg. Visit Botanical
Gardens in the morning. Leave Buitenzorg afternoon for Soekaboemi.

4th DAY. — Leave Soekaboemi by the morning train. Change
carriage at Padalarang. Arrival Bandoeng at noon. After titTin drive
through Bandoeng.

5th DAY. — Visit the Volcano Tangkoeban Prahoe.

6th DAY. — To Garoet. Leave Bandoeng in the early morning by
through-train (dining-car) or Java express. Change carriage at Tjibatoe.
Arrival Garoet in the afternoon. Trip to Lake Bagendit ; return via
Tjipanas.

7th DAY. — Excursion to the Crater of the Volcano Papandayan,
the White Lake (Telaga Bodas), the \'olcano Kawah Manoek or the
Lakes of Leles (Tjangkoewan).

8th DAY. — To Djokja. Leave Garoet in the early morning (Java
express with dining-car). Arrival Djokja early in the afternoon. Drive
through Djokja.

9th DAY. — To the Hindoo Temple Ruins of Boro Boedoer. In the
afternoon visit Water Castle.

loth DvVY. — To Spurabaya. Leave Djokja in the morning by
through-train with dining-car or Java express. Arrival Sourabaya (Goe-
beng Station) in the afternoon, before dinner.

nth DAY.- To Tosari.

1 2th DAY. — To the Volcana Bromo.

13th DAY. — Return to Sourabaya.

14th DAY.— Embark.

21 DAYS' TRIP.

I St, 2nd and 3rd DAYS.— Batavia and Weltevreden. In the after,
noon of the third day to Buitenzorg.

4th DAY.— Visit the Botanical Gardens in the morning. Drive
through Buitenzorg. Leave in the afternoon for Soekaboemi.

5th DAY. — Trip to Selabintana.

6th DA v. — Leave Soekaboemi in the morning. Change carriage-at
Padalarang. Arrival Bandoeng at noon. After lunch drive through
Bandoeng.

7th DAY. — To the \'olcano Tangkoeban Prahoe.

5th DAY. — Leave Bandoeng in the early morning for Garoet.
Arrival afternoon. - Trip to Lake Bagendit ; return via Tjipanas.

9th, loth and nth DAYS. — Excursions to. the Crater of the \dcano
Papandayan, to the White Lake (Telaga Bodas), the Volcano Kawai|
Manoek or the Lakes of Leles (Tjangkoeviran).

12 DAY. — To Djokja. Leave Garoet in the early morning. Arrival
Djokja afternoon. Drive through Djokja.

13th DAY. — To the Hindoo Temple Ruins of Boro Boedoer. In
the afternoon visit Water Castle.

14th DAY. — To the Prambanan Temple Ruins. '

I
15th DA\ . — To Sourabaya. Leave Djokja in the morning or early

in the afternoon ; resp. through-train with dining-car or Java express.

Arrival Sourabaya (Goebeng Station) resp. in the afternoon or in the '

evening, before dinner.

1 6th DAY.— To Tosari.

17th DAY.— To the \'olcano Bromo.

1 8th DAY.— To the Penandjaan.

igth DAY. — To Sourabaya.

2oth DAY. — To Bandoeng. Leave Sour^baya-Goebeng in the early
morning ; Java express with dining-car. Arrival Bandoeng in the even-
ing, before dinner.

2 1 St DAY. — To Weltevreden. Leave Bandoeng in the afternoon.
Fast train with dining-car. Arrival Weltevreden late afternoon.

For further information or more lengthy itineraries apply to the
Official Tourist Bureau, Rijswijk, Weltevreden.

Important Notice.

Visitors to the ports of Sourabaya and Batavia particularly, ha\e
been deceived into the belief that smooth-tongued agents, representing
themselves as coming from the Tourist Bureau, are really authorised by
the Official Tourist Bureau, which is controlled by the Go\ ernment. Such
is not the case ! To avoid misconception, it is well to note, that
the Official Tourist Bureau is an institution established for the pur-
pose of affording free of cost or profit every available information in
order to assist the visitors to Java. The Official Tourist Bureau does not
attend to luggage or baggage ; it does not conduct trips through Java, it
does not sell hotel coupons in order to make a commission.

The best advice to Tourists requiring accommodation is to wire to
one of the leading Hotels (a li.st is to be found in these pages), and they
will attend to luggage, etc., at the recognised rates — without overcharge
or commission.

The Editor.

Special Attention

is drawn 'to a Royal Decree of the 20th January, 1911, No. 22,
relating to the admission of foreigners to Java. Passengers arriving
from foreigii- ports are not allowed to land in Java without a
Landing Certificate, which may be obtained from the Purser, free
of charge, in the case of Dutch subjects, or on payment of /25 =
£2 Is. 8d., in the case of foreign subjects. This certificate may include
the passenger's wife and children (if under age), and must be exchanged
at the Office of the Secretary of Immigration for a Permit ("Toelatings°
kaart"), which entitles the holder to stay or travel in Java for two years.
The amount of /25 paid for the Landing Certificate will be refunded to
the holder of the corresponding Permit, when leaving Java within six
months of arrival.

/MELBOURNE
Boto.nic&l
Gardens

Section I.

CHAPTER 111.

"n Trip to Java by a K.P.M. Steamer."

Melbourne is the Australian starting and terminal point, respectively
of the steamers of the Royal Packet Steam Navigation Company

(K.P.M. Line) to and from Java and the
MELBOURNE. Dutch indies. The city and its vicinity has

many attractive features for the visitor, and
the Victorian Government Tourist Bureau, at the corner of Collins and
Swanston Streets is always prepared to furnish gratuitous information,
pamphlets, etc. to the intending sightseers. Visitors are recommended
to call at the Bureau which supplied the following particulars useful to
tourists : —

"Melbourne, the capital city of Victoria, lies on the River Yarra at
a distance of five miles from its mouth, and has, with its suburbs, a popu-
lation of 592,000. It enjoys an equable climate, ha^•ing a mean
temperature of 58*3 degrees and an average rainfall of 25^44 inches.

The city proper, "which is approximately a mile in length by half-a-mi!e
wide, has been built upon the lines originally surveyed, and its splendid
symmetry is an enduring testimony to the foresight of those entrusted
with the task. The streets, which run at right angles to each other,
dividing the city into rectangular blocks, are -wide, the roadways of the
most important being wood-blocked, and all have broad, well -paved
footpaths.

The four principal thoroughfares are Collins and Bourke Streets,
lying parallel to each other and running east and west, and intersecting
them at right angles are Swanston and Elizabeth Streets. At the head of
Bourke Street stand the Houses of Parliament, and, travelling westward,
thriving retail businesses line the thoroughfare ; and the busy Eastern
Market, at the corner of Exhibition Street, and running through to Little
Collins Street, is well worth a visit. The extreme end of Bourke Street
leads into Spencer Street and its railway station. Swanston and Eliza-

rjSs^^agg

beth Streets are important business thoroughfares, and are the two main
arteries through which flow the inward and outward traffic of pedestrians
to and from the trains at the Central Railway Station.

\'isitors cannot fail to be struck with the splendid architecture dis-
played in the erection of public buildings, business premises, and
ecclesiastical edifices, in the main streets, and many of the principal
theatres are imposing and handsome structures, whilst the various hos-
pitals are designed to afford the maximum of eomfort to their inmates.

Cable-car services are maintained through the main streets and to
the distant suburbs, and afford comfortable transport, while a network
of suburban railways link all the principal suburbs with the metropolis,
and specially cheap fares are charged within the suburban radius of the
city. During the twelve months ending Junie 30th, 191 1, the colossal
total of over 86^- millions of passenger journeys was made on the suburban
railway system.

The metropolitan railway stations are Spencer Street, !)ing at the
western end of Collins, Little Collins, and Bourke Streets, from which
start the interstate services and those of the Victorian system, except the
eastern and south-eastern lines, which run from the handsome new
Central Station at the south end of Swanston and Elizabeth Streets, as
do also the whole of the suburban services, with the exception of those
to Clifton Hill, Preston, Heidelberg and Eltham, which leave Prince's
Bridge Station, at the corner of Swanston and Flinders Streets, and those
to St. Albans and Werribee from Spencer Street.

Recent additions to Melbourne's transport system are the electric
tram car services connecting St. Kilda and Brighton, and running for
some distance along^the Bay foreshore.

Overseas vessels plying to and from Melbourne find berthage either
at the Railway or Town Piers at Port Melbourne, two and a half miles
from Melbourne, reached by frequent train or tram services, or at the
Railway Pier, Williamstown. The interstate fleet comes right up the
river to \\ harves at the ver}' door of the city. Some very large ocean-
going vessels also find accommodation at the river wharves or in the
roomy Victoria Dock, at the western end of Flinders Street.

The present seat of the Federal Government of Australia is the
Houses of Parliament, situated in Spring Street, at the eastern end of
Bourke Street, and the \'ictorian Legislature has temporary quarters in
a portion of the Exhibition Buildings, in the gardens of the same name,
and approached by v\'ay of Nicholson or Rathdown Streets.

Melbourne citizens are justly proud of the magnificent parks, gar-
dens, and recreation reserves, which afford such splendid breathing space

for her population, and playgrounds for all classes. The visit of Iheir
Majesties King George V. and Queen Mary in igoo stirred the authorities
to action in the direction of further beautifying the St. Ivilda Road, the
southern gate of the city, by which the Royal party entered Melbourne.

Outdoor attractions in Melbourne are of the most diverse. The
traveller will not fail to see the Alexandra Drive, with its rockeries, lawns
and flower beds and fine stretch of road, the beauties of which have done
so much to destroy the absurd tradition that the Yarra is a thing to be
avoided. This will take him to the botanical gardens, situated on the most
picturesque spot around Melbourne. The gardens command a lovely
panorama of the city and northern suburbs, and whether it be from the
point of view of botanical interest or effective arrangement, the gardens
themselves are undoubtedly the finest in Australia. The visitor must also
inspect the Queen's statue, overlooking the fine park on the right of the
entrance to Alexandra Avenue.

Short journeys by tram or railway will take the \\anderer to the sea-
side resorts of South Melbourne, St. Kilda or Brighton. Each has fine
stretches of beach and briny atmosphere, while the drive to Brighton by
road, past the bold Red Bluff at Elsternwick, will be regarded as one of
the most enjoyable experiences of the trip.

If the stranger would like a half-hour's blow on the briny, he can go
to Williamstown by rail, a half-hour's journey, where he can see the fleet
of grain and wool ships loading cargo with extraordinary expedition for
markets over seas, while a short walk will take him to the Back Beach,
which is a popular holiday rendezvous. From Williamstown a ferry
steamer runs across Hobson's Bay to Port Melbourne, where the great

Healesville

WatrleReaich, RiverYarra^

mail steamers and ocean liners may be inspected from the Railway Piet,
and if the observer strikes a day when one of the Orient or P- and O.
boats is leaving for England, he will take part in an animated scene, for
the practice of seeing one's friends off on a trip has developed into a
fashionable rite, and there is colour, movement, and every form of
emotion in the leave-taking, cheering and fluttering of handkerchiefs
that accompany the occasion.

And now for a few thumb-nail sketches of extra-metropolitan
attractions.

SANDRINGHAM affords a very pleasant outing, having a fine ex-
panse of beach and a bold cliff, on which you get a cool breeze on the
hottest day. Vou can reach Sandringham by rail from Flinders Street.

BEAUMARIS. — A tram ride will take you to this pretty bay-side
resort, shortly, it is to be hoped, to be connected by electric tram or rail
with'the city. There are many delightful bays and nooks about the coast,
and the road from Black Rock, where the holiday-makei is sure to pause
for a time, is lined with masses of ti-tree, that furnish a perennial shade.
All this part of the coast is worth inspection, and the journey by train may
be completed in a very effective manner by 'going on to Cheltenham,
through market gardens and orchards, returning to Melbourne from
Cheltenham by rail.

MENTONE is another shore spot on the east side of Port Phillip,
and fast becoming a residential suburb of great importance. It is only
fourteen miles from Melbourne, and is reached bv train from Flinders
Street. Many handsome villas adorn the Beach Road, overlooking the
sea and the beach, which extends for miles, offers splendid bathing
facilities.

MORDIALLOC, farther on, has a railway terminus close to the
beach. It has become a favourite resort for holiday trippers and Sunday
excursionists, and presents a variety of amusements in sea-bathing, boat-
ing on the Mordialloc Creek, dancing, and many other allurements.

ASPENDALE has bounded into popular favour within a few vears.
It makes an excellent camping ground, which the tall ti-tree scrub speci-
ally favours. The tents are often most elaborate structures, supplied with
all the latest conveniences, and life in such cjgreeable circumstances is
elevated to a fine art. Mixed bathing is the mode, the wide expanse of
sea, protected by a natural bar, giving opportunities for a dip which both
sexes appreciate to the full.

HEIDELBERG is only a short journey from the city, but it plunges
the visitor at once into country scenes, and fresh, fragrant meadow lands.
The \'arra here is remarkably prettx , and quite denies its reputation as
a woe-begone stream of the popular huriiourist.

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SOUTH MORANG, on the Whittlesea line, is another fine picnick-
ing ground, which is every year attracting more attention. The elevation
is high enough to take one into pure fresh air, and the Plenty, flowing
through a rugged, rockbound \alley, presents not only effecti\ e scenery,
but at times good fishing for the skilful angler.

The Melbourne Cricket Ground, in Yarra Park, is the head-quarters
of athletic sport in this State, but every suburb rejoices in the possession
of its own recreation reserve, more or less completely equipped with
grand-stand and seating accommodation.

The leading racecourses are those at Flemington, now world-famous
as the deciding ground of the Melbourne Cup, and at Caulfield, whilst
other race clubs and proprietaries provide sport on racecourses in \arious
suburbs, pony racing being carried on at Richmond, Fitzroy, and Ascot.

BRIGHTON, eight miles from Melbourne, is one of the most
popular watering places on Port Phillip Bay. The broad, sandy beach
stretches from the Red Bluff to Sandringham and is thronged during the
summer months with country visitors and the weary toilers of the city.
The town council spare no expense in adding to the comfort and beauty
of the place. There are two piers, commodious baths, a rotunda, where
refreshments are provided, tea gardens, and beautiful grass lawns.
There is an excellent train service, also a system of electric trams via
St. Kilda.

Australia is a land of unique characteristics. New South Wales

epitomises Australia. The world-travelled tourist blase with sight-seeing

in many lands, finds in New South Wales much that

SYDNEY. '^ new. It appeals to him by its strangeness, and

kindles a fresh interest, and raises new sensations.

In his tour among the resorts and scenic beauties of New South ^\'ales,

the oldest of the six States of the Great Island Continent, he discovers

many things of interest and abiding fascination.

From the strangeness of the forms of its animal and vegetable life,
New South Wales is one of the most interesting countries in the world.
Cut off by the ocean for untold centuries from the rest of the world, the
vegetation of the Island Continent, and its indigenous animals, are
peculiar for their mingling of quite modern with archaic forms. The
flora has developed from primitive forms, while the fauna embraces
animals long extinct elsewhere, and are relics of an age when the earth
was younger. In place of the familiar groves of his native land, the
traveller finds in New South Wales forests of giant eucalyptus, giant
trees that shed their bark but not their leaves, and \ast groves of wattle,
making the bush golden with their gleaming yellow sprays. Exery gully

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has its robe of ferns from the tiniest coil of tender green to fronds which
extead to a spread of twenty feet. The cabbage tree and bangalow palms
rear their giant, naked stems for scores of feet, unfolding at their tops
exquisite clusters of polished foliage. The waratahs bloom like balls of
fire in all the coastal forests, side by side with the germea or giant lily,
a noble flower of deepest red, larger than any cabbage, tree ferns growing
to handsome proportions in the riot of verdure along the coast where the
tree-tops are matted in rolling, woolly masses by many varieties of
flowering creepers.

The native fauna con-
sists almost entirely of differ-
ent varieties of queer mar-
supials, ranging in size from
the "old man" kangaroo of
the plains, standing taller
than a man, to the diminu-
tive bandicoot, and include
wallabies, wombats, native
bears and dingoes or native
dogs. Queerest of all the
nati\'e animals is the platypus
[O rnithorhynchus paradoxus) ,
a four-footed creature with
the bill of a duck and furry
coat, which lays shell-less
egg's, and lives in the water.
Bifids are represented by the
emu and cassowary, as large
as ostriches, and of similar
type ; the lyre bird, with a
tail shaped like the ancient musical instrument, noted for its marvellous
powers of mimicr)' ; the kookooburra, or laughing jackass ; swans ; end-
less varieties of pigeons and gorgeous-plumaged parrots.

New South Wales possesses no fewer than twentv-six different
systems of _ limestone ca\erns, the most famous of which are those at
Jenolan. The Jenolan Caves rank among the world's wonders. They
are bewildering in their immensity, and mystifying in the weirdness of
their phantastic formations. Twehe chambers, each distinctive in the
variety and colouring of their formations, are open for inspection. They
are highly improved by pathways and stairways and electrical installation,
and are viewed with the utmost ease and comfort. They hold mvriads of

K. P.M. Steamer van Linschoteu
leaving: Sydney Harbor,

Katoomba Falls, Blue Mountains, New South Wales.

delicate dripstones of hues graduating from lemon yellow to the colour of
ripe apricots, and from the deepest chocolate to the most stainless white,
which depend from the ceilings, while fluted stalagmites, some as slender
as the finest wire, others fifty feet in circumference, rise from the floor.

Within an hour's train journey of Sydnev, the capital, the tourist
finds himself in the heart of the upland forests of the world-renowned
Blue Mountain Range. The scenery here is of rare magnificence. The
rarefied atmosphere makes the whole region a marvellous sanatorium.
Through countless teons of time the rivers at the brink of the tableland
have carved out stupendous gorges, comparable only with the famous
canyons of Colorado. The traveller over the Blue Mountains carries
away abiding memories of graceful cascades and waterfalls leaping from
giant cliffs, or splashing over boulders through dense fern-clad bowers,
gleaming rock-walls of enormous height, with eucalyptus-covered slopes
at their feet, and gaping valleys, where tall tr^es, seen from above, seem
but a dark-green carpet, and a river but a siKer thread. E\ery turn
opens up a new and enchanting vista. A peculiar blue haze, definite yet
transparent, shimm.ers over this waste of mountain, valley and forest,
wrapping the whole scene in haunting mystery. The rarefied atmospheres
that blow off these eucalyptus forests have a wonderfully exhilarating
effect upon the system.

In the Australian Alps, at the southern extremity of New South
Wales, are many snow-clad peaks as yet unknown to fame. Mount
Kosciusko, Australia's greatest mountain, lies in the heart of them.
Higher than the Righi or Pilatus, of the Swiss Alps, Kosciusko provides
the, citizens of New South Wales with opportunities for enjoying the
pastimes of Norway, Switzerland and Canada. The mountain is easy
of access, and motors reach its very summit over an easy road. In
winter, the descending snow-drifts become the centre of attraction for
ski-riding, tobogganing, and on the ice-clad lake skating in the open air
is enjoyed. A palatial, elaborately-appointed spa, erected by the Govern-
ment within the winter snow-line, is a magnificent tourist's headquarters.
The streams, born in the melting snows of the Kosciusko Ridge, form
a trio of trouting waters which acknowledge no superior. The Creel,
a comfortable bungalow at the Kosciusko foothills, provides ideal com-
fort for the trout fisherman.

The Classic Lido, where the blue Adriatic washed the golden Italian
strand, is a famous bathing-place; Coney Island on a warm summer's
day seethes with myriads of swimmers ; the long, warm sweep of the
breakers on the beach under Diamond Head, on Waikiki, caress the most
daring surf-shooters in the world, but nowhere can the siirf-bather find
better sport than on the dazzling, sunlit beaches that fringe the Pacific

within half an hour's electric car ride from Sydney. Ihe beaches at
Manly, Bondi, Coogee and Maroubra have become world famous. These
semi-circular beaches of fine golden sands sweep for miles hundreds of

The Willows, Jenolan Cavea, New South Wales.

feet in width, laved by the crystal-clear breakers "bf the illimitable, blue ]
ocean. Surf-bathing is the perfection of physical enjoyment. '

"Hundreds of feet below, to the front and right and left, lies the
dimpled ocean of the deepest sapphire, fading "into the clear-cut horizon '

to the palest turquoise. The sands by the margent sea are gold, edged
with snowy lace. A line of white foam following the outline of the shore
breaks unheard away and away, and to the dim distance on the right
waves this triple line of blue, white and gold, until it merges in the
infinity of space."

This is the vision from the Bulli Pass, one of the grandest of the
world's panoramas, to be seen on one of the railway routes from Sydney
to Melbourne, or on a short side-trip from Sydney. At the back of this
famous tourist district is the great Southern Plateau, crossed by the
main line of railway connecting the capitals, Sydney and Melbourne. On
the route run the finest express trains. Moss Vale, one of the leading
centres of this district, with many splendid health and holiday resorts in
its vicinity, is the starting-point for the cross-country trip over the coastal
ranges to Nowra, on the Shoalhaven. Nowra is the terminus of the South
Coast Railway, and Interstate tickets are available for continuation to
Sydney on this route. The traveller will visit absolutely novel scenes,
passing in the coach immediately over the head of the Fitzroy Falls,
which drop sheer into a rugged, sunken valley to a depth of iioo feet.
The vegetation on the ranges is semi-tropical and luxuriant, and the
journey on the coastal railway has no rival in its exquisite beauty
outside the glorious scenery along the Mediterranean Littoral.

The visitor to Sydney should drop in at the Government Tourist
Bureau, Challis House, opposite the General Post Office. The Bureau
is a live institution, splendidly equipped, and the visitor finds expert
officials ever willing to tell them just what they want to know about
Sydney and New South Wales.

After a pleasant run of about two da}'s we enter Moreton Ba)' and

steam some miles up the Brisbane River, on the banks of which is

situated the city and the capital of the State.

gj^jgg^f^^^ \'iewed from the stearHer, Brisbane is very pic-
turesque. The city is well laid out and possesses
rnany attractive features. Handsome buildings line the principal
thoroughfares, and the general appearance of the city is up-to-date. The
public are well catered for by an excellent tramway system, and from
many of the routes fine views of the river may be obtained. The public
buildings and private institutions compare favourably with those of other
capitals of the Commonwealth.

The public parks are well laid out and kept, and add considerably
to the attractiveness of the city. Some fine drives miay be taken in the
environs and a fine panoramic view may be obtained from Mount Cootha

or White's Hill. The population within a ten-mile radius of the city
numbers about 140,000. The climate is very agreeable, although some-
what oppressive in the summer.

Brisbane.

Having passed an enjoyable day on shore viewing some of the many
sights, we return to our steamer and procfeed on our journey to
Townsville.

Cairns, Nortn Queensland.

CAIRNS.— Occasionally the K.P.M. steamers call at Cairns, a
pretty little township famous on account of the wonderful "Barron" Falls
which, particularly after a flood, afford a spectacle of singular grandeur

and beautv.

Reaching Townsville late at night \\ e anchored in the roadstead as,
owing to the narrow entrance of the harbour and shifting mud banks at

the mouth, navigation at night is rather diffi-
TOWNSVILLE. ^ult. Substantial breakwaters of consider-

able dimensions protect the harbour, and at
daylight we up-anchored and steamed slowly to our berth at a wharf on
the long southern breakwater. Along the latter, rails are laid, and all
cargo can be loaded directly into the steamers. Cabs pi) between the
wharves and the town, some two miles distant. Beyond the town rises a
bold range of hills, of which Castle Hill is the highest, and from its
summit a magnificent panoramic view of Townsville, its harbour,
the bay and Magnetic Island may be obtained. The town itself
is well laid-out with wide and clean streets. The main street,
which is about a mile in length, is faced by imposing shops, banks,
shipping agencies, etc. ; the general appearance of the town being dis-
tinctly prosperous. At the end of the main street and facing the Bay
stands a large hotel, where the comforts of visitors are well catered for.
'Busses run to different portions of the town at frequent and convenient
intervals. Townsville does not possess many great attractions for
tourists beyond a drive to the "Tea Gardens" situated some little distance
out of town. The principal industry is gold mining. Two hours'
journey from Townsville stands the important mining town of Charters
Towers, which has become famous on account of the phenomenal gold
discoveries made during the few years of its existence.

After a pleasant stay of some hours we embark once more and steam
for our next port of call, Port Moresby.

About two days after leaving Townsville v&e caught the first glimpse
of the rugged coast of New Guinea, lying as a dim blue streak on the

horizon. As we drew nearer, the white
PORT MORESBY. houses could be discerned showing

plainly against the dark edges of a bald
ridge. Making a bold sweep round this ridge we steamed slowlv into
the harbour and finally came to our moorings at a small wharf, which was
crowded with natives, vs'ho looked extremely picturesque with their long
hair and quaint markings on their copper-coloured skins.

Port Moresby is pleasantly situated on the eastern coast of New
Guinea. The harbour is of crescent shape and the town, if such it might
be called, is built on the north-eastern portiqn of it, on the slopes of a
hill sparsely covered with low trees.

The dwellings are -constructed mainly of concrete, wood, and gal-
vanised iron, and with very few exceptions are erected on piles to ensure
coolness. The streets are in a very primitive condition and walking be-

comes very tiresome. Looking westward across the harbour one
percei\es a native village built right upon the water which, with its back-
ground of waving cocoanut palms and the brilliant colour of sky and
water, produces a most striking picture. The village is reached by boat,
although there is also a road running round the harbour connecting the
town with the village, being the chief point of interest to visitors.

The natives appear to be a fine race and 'are evidently fond of fre-
quent bathing. It was very amusing to see the young Papuans, of all
sizes, swimming round the steamer and diving for any silver money which
might be thrown to them. They are perfectly at home in the water and
never fail to secure the coveted coin.

The Wharf.— Native Village.— The 5.s van Waerwijck" coming into Port.

Prominent among the buildings of the "Port" are those forming the
official quarters of His Excellenc) the Lieutenant-Governor. At the time
of writing the Honorable Stanisforth Smith was Acting-Governor and
had just returned from an exploration trip into the interior. As no news
came to hand for many weeks, grave fears were entertained for the
safety of the party. Fortunately, howe^ er, the explorers returned safely
after accomplishing a long and hazardous journe\ .

The climate of New Guinea is healthy although hot, but the south-
east trade winds, which blo« for eight months in the year, temper the
heat considerably and make existence bearable. The future of Port

Moresby seems assured as the efforts of various trading companies to
promote business relations with Java and Aus*tralia, have met with the
most gratifying results, and the action of the Royal Packet Company in
making the Port a regular place of call has considerably augmented the
commerce between these countries.

Having spent a few enjoyable hours at this port our vessel steers
in a westerly direction for Thursda} Island, the northermost part of
Australia.

Steaming almost due west through a network of small islands,

extremely picturesque in their setting of a brilliant turquoise blue ocean,

we arrive at Thursday Island. Hardly a ripple

THURSDAY stirred the surface of the water, and one might

ISLAND. have easily imagined our navigating a great calm

lake. Numerous pearling lug^rs lay ^t anchor

in the bay, the dark figures of the native crews clearly outlined against the

white vessels. A wharf of great length connects with the shore, at the

extreme end of which stands the post and telegraph office. The town is not
very large and all buildings are constructed of wood and galvanised iron.
The streets are wide, fairly well kept and in some cases lined with cocoa-
nut trees. All the principal commercial houses have ofBces fronting the
beach, some little distance south of the Post Office. The town possesses
several hotels and one Bank.

Thursday Island is the centre of the great pearling industry and
many valuable pearls have been found here. The boats used (luggers as
they are called) are staunch little vessels and frequently have accomplished

S.S

voyages from Sydney to Dobo, in the Aroe Islands. They are manned
usually by natives under the command of a vi'hite man, the majority of
the di\-ers being Japanese.

I'he pearler's lot is an arduous one, the work is hard and the frequent
storms often occasion loss of life. The pearl fishing season lasts for
about eight months of the year, the remaining months being devoted to
refitting and repairing the luggers.

The town is connected with Brisbane by a telegraph line and the
Royal Packet Steam Na\igation Compan}- and other steamers trading
between Australia and the East make periodical calls at this port. The
climate, although hot, is very healthy, and the sportsman \\ ill find game
plentiful, while excellent fishing may also be enjoyed.

Messrs. Bowden Bros. & Co., Ltd., are the agents for the Royal
Packet S.N. Co., and are ever ready to attend to the wishes of
passengers.

Among the leading business houses may be mentioned Messrs.
Hodels Limited, carrying on extensive operations as general merchants
in Eastern and Australian produce.

The Torres .Straits Fresh Food and Ice Co. are established here,
their specialty being indicated by the name under which thev trade.

Bidding Australia a temporary farewell \ve take our departure for
the Aroe (Aru) Islands and the village of Dobo, entering for the first time
the Dutch Indies.

Steaming slowly through a group of low, heavily- wooded islands we
made our way into a narrow strait between the Aroe Islands and finally

stopped alongside a cargo hulk which serves in lieu of
DOBO. ^ wharf. All cargo is discharged into this hulk owned

by the Celebes Trading Company. Communication
with the shore is carried on by means of the ship's launch and
motor boats pri^■ately owned. The arri\ al of a steamer is a great
event in Dobo, and the small strip of gleaming white sand on the
foreshore was crowded with the bronzed figures of natives, interspersed
with a few Europeans. Here we obtained our first sight of the Aroe
Islanders in their unique canoes hollowed out of the trunk of a tree.
Using short paddles with great dexterity the>- came alongside and pro-
ceeded to barter their produce, consisting mainly of fish, mats, feather
ornaments, aigrettes, etc.

At the beach ue landed at a roughh- constructed wharf and pro-
ceeding through a primitiNe palisading, guarded by two peaceful looking
native policemen, found ourselves in the main street of the township. A

favourable impression was created by the cleanliness of the streets which,
although very narrow (about twenty feet in width), are kept spotlessly
clean. They are made of firm, hard sand anil each occupier of a store
or dwelling is obliged to sweep and keep clean half the width of the street.
The houses are mainly two-storeyed, and, unlike Port Moresby, are built
on the level ground, the upper portion being reserved for sleeping quarters.
The population is very cosmopolitan. One notices Japanese women trip-

Aru (or Aroe) Islands.

ping to and fro in their quaint costumes, Aroe Islanders, Chinese, natives
from Celebes and from all neighbouring isles. The principal industry
is pearl fishing and during the months of May, June and July, when the
luggers are compelled to cease work, owing to the discolouration of the
water, the tow n is crowded and presents a very gay spectacle. Beche de
meriishing is also cultivated, and during our visit to the town we noticed

large quantities of these sea slugs being classed and sun-dried in the open
streets. One striking feature of Dobo is the entire absence of white
women, and during our progress through the town, the ladies of our
party were objects of great interest. Entering, a shop to purchase curios,
we found that the doors and windows were soon occupied with natives
of all sizes and colours eager to obtain a closer view of us. The weather
although hot was rendered rather pleasant by the cool trade winds. Re-
turning to the ship we
encountered a party of
natives bearing on their
heads large copper gongs.
These gongs represented
part of the wealth of a
native chief, who, upon
State occasions, is forcibly
reminded of his wealth by
-the din caused by his sub-
'jects vigourously beating
the gongs. One must ad-
mit that, although not
"beautiful, Dobo is pictur-
esque. The white houses
show prettily against the
tall, graceful palms, and
J"ocal colour is supplied by
the natives in their quaint
canoes. Good shooting is
"to be had on the island,
^pigeons, ducks, deer, and
also the beautiful bird of
paradise being plentiful, g

On lea^•ing Dobo we
enter the last stage of our
voyage to Java, as in four or fixe days we will reach Sourabaya, the
principal commercial port of the Island.

In a lew more days we shall leave our steamer, and this might be a
fitting opportunity of taking a final glance at the good ship, "van Lin-
schoten," which h^s carried us safely over the "deep blue sea."

The two steamers, "xan Linschoten" and the "van Waerwyck," are
sister ships, iron vessels of over 3500 tons and have both been des'ignedi
with every regard to safety and comfort. The cabins are bright and'
air\- and have large w indows instead of port holes. Electric lights and,;
fans are fitted in each state room and throughout the ship. Hotmid cold

Afternoon Tea on Board a K.P.M. Liner.

sea baths and fresh water showers are a welcome addition to the creature
comforts of passengers. The dining saloon is situated immediatelj' below
the bridge, on the same level as the cabins, the promenade deck and the
cosy smoking and music room, further aft. . The menu on board is
exceptionally good and, together with the nicelv iced refreshments of
every kind, forms one of the features on board a K.P.M. liner. The
attendants (jonges or spada) are Malay boys and must be praised on
account of their smart appearance and polite, quiet behaviour.

It is advisable to rise
at 6 a.m., and after an en-
joyable bath (mandi) par-
take of tea or coffee, which
is brought by your cabin
boy (Kamar jonges). Dress
lightly, and spend the early
morning on deck, being the
best part of the day.
Breakfast is .served from 8
to g o'clock, and at 1 1 a.m.
tasty ices are handed
round, which are always
much appreciated; at 12.30
luncheon (tiffin) is an-
nounced. After a pleasant
repast the usual practice is
"to retire for a siesta till 4
p.m., when tea is taken
round, both on deck and to
j'our cabin. The time be-
foore dinner is usually
filled in by games, and, in
this respect it will be ad-
mitted, a large variety is
kept handy for selection.
About 6.30 the dressing bell is heard; a second warning is given at 7,
and dinner is announced. The route being almost all the way across a
calm sea, this function is attended by the whole of the passengers and
brings to a close an all too short day.

Although only three years on the Australian "run" the captains and
officers have won golden opinions for their uniform kindness and courtesy
to passengers, who always say a reluctant "farewell" on the completion
of a journey with a distinctive character of its own.

Tiffin Bell.

The K.P.M. are building, at the time of writing, two up-to-date
steamers of 6000 tons, replete with the latest improvements, to meet
the increasing demand for passenger accommodation, the "new tourist
route" to London via Java becoming more fashionable every year. '1 Jiese
steamers will carry a doctor and have installed a barber's shop, a
laundry, etc., etc.

After an enjoyable trip of about five days we enter the well-sheltered
"roads" of Sourabaya.

Sourabaya, the metropolis of the east coaist of Java, situated on the
banks of the Kali Mas (Golden River), and possessing an excellent road-
stead protected from all winds, may justly be
SOURABAYA. described as the commercial capital of the
Netherlands Indies. Originally said to be
founded by Raden Rachmat in the fourteenth centurv, the quarter in
which he settled, Amp6I, is still in existence, and from this modest
beginning has sprung up the present prosperous city. The advance of
the town has been remarkably rapid and sound, the population since
1850 having increased from 60,000 to i6o,ooO.

The roadstead, dotted with great steamers with their fleets of
attendant lighters, each a hive of bustle and activity, and the multitude
of strange crafts that swarm its water, gives the visitor the impression
of the extensive trade of this busy port.

From the bridge of our comfortable K.P.M. steamer an excellent
view of the harbour is obtained ; looking south the mouth of the river
is observed on a flat, somewhat uninteresting coastline, and awav in the
distance tower the lofty Tengger Mountains and the Ardjoeno, their
brows clothed in a mantle of white, fleecy clouds. On a clear day the
highest volcano in the island — the Smerofe (12,000 feet)— can be seen.
Owing to its sheltered position, very little of the city is visible from the
"Roads." Passengers are conveyed to the shore by steam launches or
per tambangan, a native craft with enormous sails and a crew of three
or four men. Crossing the placid waters of the bay \\e enter the canal
or river, which here shows signs of vigorous maritime activity.
Hundreds of crafts move slowly up and down. The canal seems alive
with vessels of every kind, and it looks impossible to proceed, but, by
means of constant footings of the iiren and the incessant strange shouts
of the boatmen, we glide slowly past the stern of a large lighter, barelv
avoiding another, and finally "make fast" to a white stone pier on the
eastern bank of the canal, known as the "Oedjong," where the
Customs House stands. Here courteous officials quickly go through
the necessary formalities, and, issuing f»-om the portals of the

Customs House, we find ourselves in the main road leading to
the city. On our left is a small, shady 'park wherein stands a
tall, white structure, the Wilhelmina Tower. A broad tree-lined
street stretches away south along the canal and is traversed by a
steam tram connecting with the city. Shortly after leaving the "Point,"
the extensive buildings of the Naval Dockyard are noticed on the left,
and a visit should be made to this busy centre ; the works cover a con-
siderable area and give employment to some 2500 people. The floating

Sketch Plan of the Harbour Improvements, Sourabaya.

docks, two in number, one accommodating vessels up to 5000 tons and
the other 1400 tons, are in continual use ; huge cranes are employed
lifting burdens up to 60 tons. Everywhere crowds of busy workers and
great workshops replete with modern machinery meet the eye, whilst
the air is filled with a confusion of sounds.

Regaining the main road running past large godowns and some
rather dilapidated dwellings fronting the canal for a considerable distance,

one turns away to the left, passing the disused picturesque old fortress,
"Prins Hendrik," half hidden in beautiful foliage. The road, continuing
straight along the canal, passes into the Kampong Baroe where many
Chinese storehouses and their offices are situated. The street is thronged
with coolies busily engaged loading and unloading cargoes from a
multitude of "prauws" or lighters, lining the.banks of the canal. After
passing the fortress one turns to the right into a fine, shady avenue of
tamarind trees, which leads to the crowded Chinese quarter. Here
hundreds of Javanese, Chinese, Arabs, etc., throng the narrow streets,
making progress difficult. Small carts with enormous wheels and quaint
roofs, drawn by patient buffaloes, contrast strangely with the up-to-date
motor car and innumerable sados, carriages and cycles, intermingling
with pedestrians, surge past amid the chatter of the natives whose
shrill whistles and clang of their warning gongs is often deafening.

Reaching a
small square on an-
other branch of the
river, a broad road
branches off to the
r i g h t — the Kem-
pang Djepoon — and
connects with the
Red Bridge over
the main stream.
Kali Mas. Here the
ri\er is much wider
but still almost en-
tirely blocked with
lighters and prauws.
The left bank is called the Willem's Quay. The district between the two
rivers is practically the commercial centre of the city, and in the vicinity
all the banks and principal European business 'houses are situated. Near
this bridge are the offices of the Resident, the Assistant-Resident and
those of \arious police ofTicials. Crossing the bridge past the Government
Bonded Warehouses the building of the Shipsagency and the IC.P.INl.
are obserx'ed on the left. Here the road lea^•es the river running south.||;
past numerous shops, the handsome building of the Concordia Club, etc.
A little further on the public gardens attract attention where every
Sunday a first-class band discourses excejlent music. The main
thoroughfare, Passar Besar, is lined with fine buildings, while here and
there open spaces and shady trees with their vivid tints affording an „! '
agreeable contrast to the heat and bustle of the business quarter. Cross- ^il >

Bridge Over Kali Mas.

ing the railway near the Court of Justice and continuing southward the
famous Restaurant Hellendoorn, the favorite rendez\'ous of the eHte
of Sourabaya, is noticed. At this point the main street branches off
and continues through the European residential quarters of Toend-
joengan, Genteng and Simpang ; the one to the right leads to a small
park where a monument is erected to Von Bultsingslowen, of Atchin
fame, the park also bearing his name. The leading hotels situated in this,
the Upper Town, as it is called, are first-class, particularly the Oranje

Phut,,:^ K,i^l.,lj,„n.

Passar Besar, Sourabaya,

Hotel which offers every convenience for the comfort and pleasure of
their guests.

Sourabaya is connected with Batavia by rail and possesses two main
stations — Sourabaya-Goebeng in the Upper Town, and Sourabaya-
Kotta in the Lower, where tourists generally alight. The railway
some distance south of Goebeng Station forms a rough circle round the
business quarter and connects on either side of the I"Cali Mas and the

qU A V -A

'~L> ! iV; vfffl)^

u^^'-

•US!....... \

K If © II A I^

(D C E A P

MAP OF

EAST JAVA.

wharves, whilst a steam tram runs from the Oedjong through the centre
of the town to the southern suburbs.

The Brantas River flows through the town, and near the Genteng
Bridge divides into two streams, the Kali Mas and Kali Pigirian, each
arm discharging its waters into the sea, north of the city. Just above
the bridge is a fine sluice with lock for shipping, an excellent piece of
engineering work, with series of vertical bearfts to regulate the supply of
water.

The roads in Sourabaya are very well made and kept in excellent
order, being mainly macadamised and then coated with asphalt, well
watered, and lighted with the electric light. In the crowded business
quarter narrow streets seem the rule, but the main roads are all con-
siderably wider and generally shaded by avenues of old trees in all the
residential suburbs.

In the evenings
some very nice
drives may be taken.

The climate,
though hot, is by no
means unhealthy,
and the water sup-
ply, drawn from the
Kasri Springs on
the distant slopes of
the Ardjoens in
large mains, is un-
equalled in Java. '
This huge under-
taking was completed in October, 1903, by skilful engineers, after over-
coming many difficulties, chief of which were the numerous rivers to be
negotiated. A clever plan was adopted of utilising the railway bridges
for suspending the pipes under the girders to prevent undue vibration.
The total cost of the whole work was f3,ooo,o(3o, and since the inception
of this water system the dreaded scourge, cholera, which formerly
claimed so many victims, has entirely disappeared. Furthermore, owing
to the strict sanitary regulations enforced, both in European and native
quarters, the public health has greatly improved.

In the fine suburb, Simpang, beautiful shady streets abound, and,
following the Simpang road, the Residency House, with its fine, large
grounds, forms a landmark, whilst on the right a beautiful little park
(Kroesen), where, under the heaxy foliage, flowers bloom in abundance,
makes a pleasant picture. Within its confines is a collection of images

River Scene, Sourabaya.

where the natives still make offerings to the chief idol, an image of
Buddha called Djegedellek ; these offerings generally consist of lotus
flowers laid at the feet of the Buddha.

At the junction of three roads stands the palatial Simpang Club,
the centre of the social life of the city, in well-kept grounds. The
building, lighted throughout with electricity, possesses large, airy
reading, writing, billiard rooms, etc., and every convenience installed
for the comfort of its members. Twice a week a fine band performs in
the garden. Some little distance further is the Simpang Park and the
Military Hospital; the park, covering an area of about fifteen acres, is
nicely laid-out with ornamental beds of tropical shrubs and flowers ;
shady walks traverse the grounds, bordered by grassy lawns; great
spreading trees cast a grateful shade over all, a pretty river forming one

of its boundaries adds the gentle mur-
muring of its voice to the quiet beauty
of the scene. Before reaching the
Goebeng Bridge and turning into
Rajoen, one obtains some fine views of
the distant ranges and the placid sur-
face of the winding river (Brantas),
which here and there is studded with
beautiful lilies ; stately bungalows face
the water, and occasionally an out-
rigger sweeps past, the rhythmical click
of the oars falling pleasantly on the
ear. This quarter is considered the
healthiest portion of the city, and many
fine modern -S^illas line the cool, pleasant

Photo: Kurkii^ia

A Native Earber.

roads generally bordered by great trees
forming shadowy forest aisles. Across
the river to the east lies the small suburb of Goebeng where the Upper
Town Railway Station is situated on the main line from Batavia.

The Kepoetran Road takes us back towards the city, past the
Telephone Exchange, and here we branch off westwards along a fine
thoroughfare, the Embong Malang, and pay a visit to the native quarter
of Boeboetan by taking the Blaoeran Road, turning off the Embong
Malang to the right. The village and the native industries established
here are most interesting. On the Embong Malang some old Chinese
cemeteries are observed, and also numerous modern dwellings. Pro-
ceeding northward we issue upon the Passar Besar which leads us along
its course to the railway crossing where a turn to the right, past the
large artillery barracks, the Protestant Church and an old fortress, brings

us, with another turn to the right, into Soeloeng Road; crossing the
Djagalan Bridge and proceeding along the road of the same name east-
wards, the Kali Pegivian is crossed near a busy native market. Along
the eastern bank of the river, past the lovely residence of the "Captain
of the Chinese" and the Ngemplak Hospital, a fine view is obtained of
the Goebeng sluices, the bridge and the lovely reaches of the river.
Again crossing the river at the Kelabang Bridge, with one turn to the
left, we issue upon the beautiful Simpang q-uarter near the Simpang
Hotel. The Kembang Djepong, before meHtioned, with its scores of
busy shops crowded with purchasers, is worthy of more than a casual
glance, and here the visitor can obtain curios of all kinds in the various
Chinese, Bombay and Japanese shops. Close to the Red Bridge is the
Passar Glas (or Dark Market) where a heterogeneous collection of articles
is displayed for sale in numerous small stalls kept principally by Javanese ;
coming and going
in seemingly end-
less numbers are
the gaily-a 1 1 i r e d
native s, and the
scene is both novel
and i n t e r e s ting.
From early in the
morning until late
at night this quaint
throng may be seen
chattering, laugh-
ing and attending to
their different occu-
pations — a busy hive

of practically all Eastern races. The bargaining is all conducted in good-
humoured style ; although generally exorbitant prices are asked, the
salesman is not a whit abashed when a sale is effected at about one
quarter of the original figure quoted.

Just before the Tjantran Bridge one should turn to the left and visit
the oldest portion of the town, the Ampel quarter, where a large Moham-
medan mosque and the tombs of Redan Rc^,chniat (supposed to he the
original founder of the city) and his family arfe built. Permission to view
the tombs and mosque is obtained from a native priest who lives in the
vicinity. Turning into Prins Hendrikstraat and going south, we observe
another large market, the Passar Pabejan, the main entrance of which is
in the next street on the right, which is also worth a \isit.

A Market Scene, Ohipese Quarters, Sourabaya,

From Sourabaya excursions can be made to thi: Isle of Madura, to
Grissee and to the beautiful health resort, Tosari. The first-mentioned
place can be reached per steamer from the Kali Mas Station near the
fortress, Prins Hendrik, at the moderate fare of 60 cents (is.). Grissee
mav be reached by steamship, tram or motor car, but the steamer is
recommended, owing to the beautiful scenery en route. An interesting
Mohammedan tomb is situated at Grissee where the first Islam priest in
Java is buried. About four miles from here, at Giri, is another tomb
and a mosque where a sacred kriss, called Soroo Angoon Angoon, is kept.

The means of transit about Sourabaya and suburbs are up-to-date
and inexpensive. In addition to the railways and trams comfortable
two-horsed carriages (kosongs), motor cars and the inevitable "sado"
can be procured, and, as the streets, both in the city and suburbs, are
kept in excellent condition, motoring is the order of the day. The traffic
is regulated by native policemen, the uniform consisting of dark blue
serge with yellow facings, and in most instaryres they are armed with a
short sword or baton. All heavy merchandise is transported by coolies
or drawn in small carts by ponies or miniature bullocks (sapis).

Sourabaya is the centre of the great sugar industry, and during the
months \^hen the sugar is being shipped the scenes on the canal and
roadstead are exceptionally interesting. The cfanal is at this time packed
with lighters and prauws along its entire course, and feverish activitv
is displayed everywhere ; half nude coolies stagger to and from the boats
with their sweet burden, strange shouts and whistles rend the air, and
on the water and along the quays the bustle prevailing is astounding.

Sport in Sourabaya consists of football, lawn tennis, cricket, golf
and rowing, each game being popular, but, in spite of the heat, football
is easily first; the British Association game finds most favor, and a
football league established here, offers each season a competition for
first and second grade players. The golf links are about four miles from
the town at Goenoeng Sarie on nice undulating country, and an annual
match for the Inter-Port Golf Shield has been instituted. On the Brantas
River fine stretches of calm water are available for rowing, and a regatta
held here was so successful that the club ha's decided to make it an
annual e\ent.

THE SUGAR INDUSTRY.

The cultivation of sugar was already in existence before the estab-
lishment of the old East India Company in Java. This Company
regulated all economic questions at its own discretion, limiting the output
of the \arious mills, which in 1710 numbered 130 to 300 piculs for each
factory. This measure reduced the existing number of mills to 65, when

the company decreed that the number should be 70. In this arbitrary
way the company controlled the production for a number of years, and
in 1777 a delivery of 64,000 piculs was enforced, increasing each year
until in 1808, 95,000 piculs was demanded. These restrictions had a
depressing effect on the industry, and upon the liquidation of the com-
pany the Government assumed control, abolishing these measures. A
new system was introduced by which the natives were compelled to
cultivate certain areas and to sell the yield to Go\'ernment at fixed prices.
This mode proved unsatisfactory. The industry underwent numerous
trials under a variety of conditions, none of which had the desired effect.

Sugarcane Transport, Sourabaya.
In 1892 the last traces of the old ctiltivation system had dis-
appeared, and, private enterprise being encouraged, a gradual improve-
ment in the cultivation and working methods was the result.
Troubles again, however, menaced the industry, the selling price
of sugar falling (causing heavy losses) and the appearance of the
sereh disease in the cane. This disease spread rapidly and almost para-
lysed the industry. The Government, instead of fostering the industry,
regarded it with disfavour and it was only after long delay that the
heavy excise duty on land was abolished. An experimental station which
had started at Pasoeroean was refused a subsidy three times by the

Government, while little attention was paid to the reduction of freights
on the State railways. Finally the proper remedy to combat the sereh
disease was discovered by Dr. Soltwedel, i.e., the selection and granting
of cuttings of canes from the mountain districts. Dr. Soltwedel was also
the first to show the possibility of sexual propagation of the cane.

It is solely due to the unaided efforts of the planters themselves that
the sugar industry in Java of to-day is an extremely profitable business.

We append the Grand Totals ot the output of sugar of the various
districts compiled to January, 191 1 : —

District.

Crop, igo8.

Crop, 1909.

Crop, 1910.

Cherlbon

. P.

1343308 .

. P. 1456222

. P.

I 395581

Tegal

1071387 .

■ ,, 114897s

1153961

Pekalongan . .

J 1

■ 855759 ■

• M 834477

765841

3^69454 .

• .. 3439674 ■

3315383

Samarang

J )

453385

(Japara)

J }

1570753 •

• M I524S57 •

1 y

1045907

Soerakarta . .

1488130 .

■ M 1394041 •

1488849

Djocdjakarta

>»

171 1487 .

■ .. I5II325 •

) 5

1690074

Banjoemas . .

) >

558699 •

• n 509867 .

J »

531867

Kedoe (Bagelen)

) 7
1 )

153475 •

• .. 149722 .

1 y
1 J

220051

5482544 ■

,, 5089812

5430133

Sourabaya

4031850 .

,, 4030450 .

4286467

Kedirie

' T

2434855 •

" 2484579 .

2552870

Madioen

733604 .

740846 .

■ ,,

705607

Pasoeroean . .

■■ ,,

2688227 ■

,, 2607434 •

J >

2950843

Besoekie

y )

970572 .

,, '946310 .

» 1

1013898

I 0859 I 08

,, I0869619 .

1 1 i;oq68^

Grand Total, Crop, 190S, P. 19611106; Crop, 1909, P. 19399105;
Crop, 1910, P. 20255201.

One Picul = 136 lbs. English.

Hotels: Oratije, Embong Malang, Genteng Ketabang, des Indes,
Sarkies, Simpang, Pension Slier.

Chemists : Vriendschap, Rathkamp, de Salamander.

Jewellers: van Arken & Co., Wolf, Mager.

Livery Stables : Fuchs.

Outfitters : Henderson, Prottel.

Curios : Inagaki.

.Dentist : Dr. Koch.

Cigars, etc. : Dobbelmann.

Pianos : Naessens & Co.

Delicacies : Slmpangsche Bazaar.

Libraries : Nijland, Fiihri.

Having inspected Sourabaya we now propose to take the reader to
Batavia, being th« capital, the seat of the Governor-General and the
Government, and visit the principal places of interest on our journey
through the Island.

Bas Kelief, Boro Boedoer.

>-r ^:9^,

Arriving at the narrow entrance to the Port of Batavia, Tandjong
Priok, the steamer moves slowly through, and in a few minutes enters

the inner harbour, where an animated scene is
gyfl^'y^\/J^_ presented to our eager eyes. A calm sheet of

water, two-thirds of a mile long and about 600
feet wide, is dotted with shipping of e\-ery description, the unwieldy-
looking lighters pushed slowly alongside by natives with long bamboo
poles, contrasting strangely with the trim little steam launches fussing
here and there. Long white stone wharves and huge sheds form the
eastern and western boundary, and here great steamers are busily en-
gaged loading and discharging cargo into the large warehouses forming
part of the wharves. A constant stream of strangely attired Javanese
coolies drawing trucks, handle the cargo, etc. , passing to and fro, and
their quaint cries mingled with the clanking of numerous steam winches
and the shrill blasts of the sirens form a fitting accompaniment to the din
and bustle of the scene. Proceeding safely to our wharf, the gangway is
lowered and runners from the different hotels clamber on board. En-
trusting our luggage to the "iVIandoer" (Hotel Porter), who will see
that it is taken to the Custom House — a short distance — and then to
our hotel, we walk along the wharf and, turning to the right, to
the railway station, just opposite the exit of the former. Here we take
train to Batavia, fifteen minutes' journey, and arrive at the JBatavia sta-
tion. The first impressions of Batavia are, perhaps, a little unfavourable.
One drives past old-fashioned, .gloomy buildings lining narrow
streets, teeming with natives, Arabs and Chinese, the latter element
being much in evidence. The sidewalks are thronged with but sparsely
clad Chinamen industriously following their various occupations.

Batavia is divided into two parts, the upper town (Weltevreden),
and the lower town, called Old Batavia. History tells us that originally
a native city, Jacatra, existed here, and that in the year 1618 Governor Jan
Pietersz Coen established and occupied a garrison with a limited number
of soldiers. Troubles soon arose with the Jacatrans, and Governor Coen,
building a fortress, decided to return to the Moluccas for reinforcements.
In his absence the commander was captured, fever and privations so
weakened the garrison, that their position became very critical. How-
ever, a Captain Raay, in order to cheer the survivors, gave a feast, and
during the ceremonies the town Was christened Batavia. Upon Governor
Coen's return, the town was seized and razed to the ground, and upon
the old site, the present town of Batavia was built. Ten years later
a thriving commercial town had grown up, but, owing to its extremely
unhealthy position, it earned for itself the unenA'iable name of "The White
Man's Grave." Huge swamps surrounded the township, and thousands
of people died from malaria and other kinds of fever. In consequence

Chs. vail Ks-s (I- Co., Batiii>ia.

The Pish Market— The Holy Cannon,— Fruit Sellers.— A "Bamboo" Orchestra.

A Play.

of these adverse conditions, it was not until "the vear 1808, during the
Governorship of General Daendels, that a ne« city was established on
the higher ground, about t« o miles distant, now known as Weltevreden,
which has become the residential part of Bata\ia.

Both towns are traversed by an elaborate system of canals
running from south to north, the water for which is obtained
from the River Tjiliwoeng, originating in the mountains above
Buitenzorg, some forty miles inland. These canals are built through,
the whole city, and finally discharge their waters into the ocean
north of Batavia. The banks are well constructed, mostly of
stone work, and at frequent intervals bridges span the stream ; steps
conveniently arranged allo^s easy access to the water, and here
hundreds of natives may be seen washing clothes, bathing and fishing.
The colour of the water does not invite one to emulate them, and the
visitor will rest content with the facilities provided by the leading hotels.
Batavia has two railway stations, one be-
longing to the Government or "Staats-
spoor," and the other to the Nederland
Indische Spoor (N.I.S.), within a short dis-
tance of one another. From the Govern-
ment station a line runs directly to the
pretty suburb Meester Cornells, and another
round Chinatown to Tanah Abang, then
turning due east, connects with the line to-
Meester Cornells at Struiswyk, thus com-
pletety encircling the town and the outlying
suburbs. From the N.I.S. station a line
running due south almost divides the circle,
and after passing through ■ the city, con-
tinues on to Buitenzorg, a short line branching off to Meester Cornells.
Steam and electric trams also run between the old and new towns,
the former via Molenvliet, and Rijswijk to Meester Cornells, and the
latter running parallel to the State line, towards Meester Cornells, for a
considerable distance, turning abruptly westward, crosses the Tiljiwoeng
near the Zoological Gardens, to Tanah Ahbang, and then north to the
terminus opposite the "Harmonie Club." The fares are very moderate
on both systems ; three classes of carriages are used, one being reserved
for natives, or "inlanders," as they are called.

Chinese Qiiarters, Batavia,

Old Batavia is the main business portion of the city, and here, front-
ing the Kali Besar on both sides, are the leading commercial houses. The
pripxipal points of interest to the visitor are: The Stadhuis (Town Hall),
containing the offices of the Resident, Assistant-Resident, and other

Government officials, situated on two sides of a small square, and the
Courts of Justice. Further north, a relic of Old Batavia stands the
Penang Gate, in the vicinity of which the holy cannon, about fifteen feet
long, will prove an object of much interest, being held in great veneration
by the native women, who often burn incense there for the purpose of
securing its blessing for generations still unborn. Continuing onward,
some old buildings from the time of the "Dutch East India Company" are
passed, and we arrive at the old "Stadsherberg" (the Town Tavern),
opposite which is situated the fish market. Close by is a big mosque and
the tomb of a famous "hadji," to enter which one must remove one's
shoes.

Retracing our steps to the terminus of the steam tram, and turning to
the right, a short street connects with the Kali Besar, running along both
sides of the canal, which is faced by large commercial houses, banks,
shipping agencies, etc. These buildings were, some 300 years ago,
occupied by Dutch patricians, but have long since been transformed into
offices and stores. After nightfall Batavia is cjeserted by the white popu-
lation, who reside at Weltevreden, or in the suburbs, to which extensive
additions have been made quite recently (1911). Regaining the main
street, we proceed towards Weltevreden and pass the Glodok bridge.
If desiring a visit to the Chinese commercial quarter, we turn to the
right, and soon the visitor finds himself transported into a typical Chin-
ese town. Narrow winding canals, a labyrinth of streets and lanes radi-
ate in all directions, while thousands of Chinamen pass ito and fro. Some
20,000 Chinese inhabit this quarter, and the houses with their quaintly
arched ridge cornices give a distinctly Oriental appearance to the
quarter. Returning to Molenvliet, we perceive, across the canal, the large
prison, and leaving Batavia with its heat and dust behind us, approach
the beautiful residential quarter of Weltevreden.

On the right stand the offices of the Govennment Mines Department,
and a short distance further on, \\here a road branches off to Taftgerang,
the Department of Public Works and the head office of the Railway
Department. On both sides of the canal are well-kept bungalows 'n
spacious grounds, the white walls blending harmonioush with the wealth
of green foliage surrounding each residence. Strolling onward, the Hotel
Des Indes is observed on the right, and immediately opposite across the
canal, another hotel. Here, Molenvliet terminates and the canal turns
away to the east. Crossing a small bridge we follow the canal and the
fine tree-lined boulevard "Noordwyk;" the street on the opposite
side is the "Rijswijk." The continuation of Molenvliet runs through,
what is known as, the French quarter, and fronting both stands the
"Harmonie," one of the principal European Qlubs. These three streets

are lined with large up-to-date shops, which would be an ornament to
any city. The streets, kept in excellent order, are wide, and along the
canal, great a\enues of trees throw a welcome shade on the thorough-
fares. On Noordwyk are situated the principal cafes, and the scene
at night is exceptionally brilliant. These cafes, with their hundreds of
small tables extending right to the footpath, are thronged with Batavia's
elite, bands discourse excellent music, well-appointed carriages with

fashionably attired folk dash past, scores of electric lights gleam softly
in the leafy canopy, and the visitor might well*be pardoned lor imagining
himself on a popular boulevard in Paris.

On Rijswijk is situated the palace of the Governor-General,
two large hotels, the Hotel der Nederlandeij, and Grand Hotel Java ;
likewise the Official Tourist Bureau. Along Noordyk and across
the railway line on the left are the extensive offices of the Royal
Packet Steam Navigation Company, and on the right Wilhelmina
Park, abounding in lovely shady nooks. At the entrance to the
park is the Achin Monument, and a short distance ihto the park,
brings one to the picturesque old citadel of Prins Hendrik. Cross-
ing a small bridge, and turning to the right, a beautiful shady
avenue of lofty trees is traversed, and in a few minutes we reach
Waterloo Plain, an open green surrounded by fine, old trees. In the
centre of this great square stands a column, about loo feet high, sur-
mounted by a lion, commemorating the Battle of Waterloo. Handsome
buildings front the park on all sides, the most important being the fine
High Courts of Justice, the Palace built by Governor Daendels, the fine
Roman Catholic Church, with delicate spires towering far overhead, the
Military Barracks, and the beautiful Military Club, "Concordia," with its
splendid gardens. Following Hospital Road south, we pass the Palace
of the Commander-in-Chiel, Government store houses, officers' quarters,
Military Hospital, and the School for Native Doctors. Reaching the
canal, we turn to right, and, crossing the River Tjiliwoeng near the Eng-
lish Church, and the Observatory, another turn to the right brings us to
the residence of the Resident fronting the "Koningsplein." This plain is
about half a mile square, fringed with tall leafy tamarind trees, and within
its confines are the training stables and racecourse of the local Turf Club,
and the English and Dutch tennis grounds. Splendid roads border the
plain on all sides, and thi^ being the chief residjential quarter of the cit\ ,
line villas are observable in all directions. On the northern side, another
view is obtained of the Governor-General's Palace, which is onlv used on
official occasions by His Excellency, his residence being at Buitenzorg,
some forty miles inland. On the western side are situated the various Con-
sulates, the Library of Arts and Sciences, and-the Museum. Here many
pleasant hours may be spent in viewing the wonderful collection of Jav-
anese antiquities and art works. Interesting models of native houses
and -kampongs are exhibited, and the walls are lined with grotesque
masks, strange weapons, and models of canoes. In tall glass cases are
wondrous specimens of old metal work, ornaments, costumes, textiles,
weapons, coins, and other articles too numerous to mention. In front
of the building stands a bronze elephant, presented by the King of Siam.
On the southern side anc find the Armenian Church, the Roval Natural

Historical Society, and the Resident's official quarters. Continuing
northwards on the western boundary stands the handsome Willems
Kirk and numerous bungalows, and on the left the railway station
"Weltevreden." Crossing the railway line and bearing to the left
along the northern side of the Plain we pass a small bridge, and turning
to the right, through the French quarter, issue on to Molenvliet,
near the "Harmonic." At the Harmonic Club every Sunday, from 6.30
to 8.30 p.m., an excellent musical programme may be enjoyed, whilst at
the "Concordia" Club on Wednesdays, from 6 to 8 p.m., and on Satur-
days from 9 till 12 p.m. the exceptionally fine Military Band entertains
the members and their friends. Both clubs are well appointed, and pos-
sess fine billiard rooms, libraries, large ballrooms, and spacious reading
rooms. The "Concordia" has a membership of well over a thousand,

jlior

A Corner View of the K.P.M, Office.

including ladies. Msitors can obtain admission to both clubs through
their respective Consuls, or through a member of the Committee. The
sights of the city are by no means exhausted, and a visit should be made
to the Pasar Baru, chiefly inhabited by Chinese. Bombay, Japanese, and
Chinese shops line the narrow roadways and here very beautiful and in-
teresting articles are sold, but the purchaser will have to drive very hard
bargains before obtaining them at a reasonable price. The streets are
thronged with a' very cosmopolitan, good humored crowd, the universal
white suit of the European relieved by the brilliant tints of the Javanese
sarongs. Street vendors with their dubious looking wares are scattered
here and there, and coolies, nude save for loose trousers rolled up to their
thighs, swing past at their peculiar trot, laden with firewood, water and
all kinds of burdens suspended on each end of a bamboo pole. Practic-

ally everything portable is carried on the shoulders or backs of coolies, as
tvith the exception of very small carts drawn by miniature ponies, heavy
vehicles, such as lorries, are unknown in Java, and it is a common sight
to see coolies transporting through the streets pianos, bedsteads^ and
all the necessary impedimenta of a household. North of the Pasar Baru
is a unique Chinese 'Jemple (Klenteng Sentrong), and in the neighbour-
hood some interesting Chinese graveyards, wherein may be seen a
number of Hindu images.

Most enjoyable drives may be taken early in the morning or
in the e\ening between the hours of five and seven o'clock, to
avoid the heat of the day, which is rather trying to the newcomer. A
favourite drive is to the charming suburb of Meester Cornelis with its
hundreds of fine villas. Securing a comfortable "Mylord" (a rubber-tired

Victoria drawn by
two ponies), the
visitor proceeds via
the Noordwyk, and
after passing W il-
helminii Park and
the small bridge,
turns to the left
along the canal,
viewing en route
the Post and Tele-
graph Office, the
offices of the East-
ern Extension Tele-
graph Company,
and the large
theatre. At the theatre, drixing to the right along the steam tram line,
past officers- bungalows, the Public Library, and the Masonic Hall, anci
southward past Waterloo Plain, xxith its impressive buildings, to the
canal (Parapattan), cross the Seven Bridge, and issue upon an excellent
road, splendidly shaded b>' an axenue of tall old trees. These magnifi-
cent monarchs of the forest line the road on either side, and "their
branches far-oxerhead interlace ; the rays of the getting sun, tint the sombre
shades of green wilh streaks of burnished gold, and throw fantastic sha-
dows upon the roadway. Here, as elsewhere, we gain the impression of
dnvmg through one huge garden, the white classic villas with their
gardens of beautiful stnmge blooms, deepening the impression.

Meester Cornells is an important militam- centre, large barracks
magazmes, Protestant Cluuvh, and schools being located here, the eleval
tion of the suburb enhancing its popularity as a residential quarter, apart

i'hnto: A\.-ftA.K,» van. iVaorwi/alf

The Eoman Catholic Cathedral, Weltevreden.

from the natural beauty of the surroundings. Retracing our steps, we
cross the Tjiliwoeng, here a picturesque, win'ding stream, dotted with
bamboo rafts, which the natives float down from the interior, and shortly
striking the railway line to Buitenzorg, follow it northwards towards the
city, passing the Zoological Gardens on the right. Strange to say,
there are no animals kept, but the grounds abound in pretty shad}- spots,
and a spacious pavilion erected here, is frequently the scene of gay enter-
tainments, fancy dress balls, concerts, and other amusements. The
festivities in connection with theCoronation of H.M. King George V. were
held here on June 22, 1911, when the British community of Batavia gave
a splendid ball to the Dutch residents, the animated picture presenting
a most brilliant spectacle. Reaching Parapatan, we turn along Kebon
Sirih, a fine, shady thoroughfare, flanked on either side b\ handsome
villas, to Tanah Abang (European cemetery), and follow the electric
tram line back to the "Harmonic."

Public conveyances, besides the trams, as mentioned above, in Ba-
tavia are limited to the Sado and Ebro. The former is a low, two-wheeled
vehicle drawn by sturdy ponies, whilst the latter is a four-wheeler capable
of seating 3 to 4 passengers, but neither are recommended for sight
seeing.

The water supply of the city is obtained from artesian wells, but in
every hotel additional precautions are taken, and all drinking water sup-
plied to visitors is first boiled, and then bottled ready for use. The hotels
in Batavia are excellent, the tariff moderate, varying from to 8 guilders
a day, and every convenience is installed for the comfort of \isitors.

The bedrooms are large and airy, simply furnished, every room open-
ing on to wide, spacious verandahs, lighted b_\ electricity, telephones con-
nect with the main building, while capable Javanese servants attend to
every want, and the cuisine leaves ncvthing to be desired, either in \'ariety
or quality. All soiled linen is well and quickly washed by the hotel
"menatoe" (washerman) at five cents an article, or, if required within a
day, at ten cents. In the evening, along the canal, one will observe
the men busily engaged immersing the clothes in the water and then
thrashing them heavily on a small stool, or failing that, a convenient flat
stone, and he will offer up a prayer that at least some small remnant wil)
be returned to him. The canal is used by the Javanese for bathing and
washing purposes, and hundreds of natives can be seen disporting in the
rather muddy element, small boats laden with miscellaneous cargoes
glide past, and the scene to the newcomer is both novel and interestmg.
Batavia's population is of a very cosmopolitan character and num-
bers, together with the suburbs, about 120,000 people. Many races
are represented here, Chinese and Arabs predominating. The Chinese
have inter-married freely with the natives, and the issue from such

unions regard Ja\a as their home, and, generally speaking, make good
citizens.

The dry season is from May to October, and during this period
the temperature averages 80° F., and about 78° F. in the wet months,
January and February. The climate, although warm, is considerably
tempered by the pleasant breezes which spring up at night.

The visitor will leave Batavia with a sense of regret, and a pro-
found admiration for the Dutch, who, by their energy and industry, have,
succeeded in building one of the finest cities of the world, upon the site
of a once impenetrable jungle.

Hotels : des Indes, Nederlanden, Grand of Java, Wisse, de France
and Ort.

Outfitters : Eigen Hulp, A. Savelkoul ; Firma van der \'een.
Jewellers : van Arken & Co.
Livery Stables : Fuchs.
Chemists : Rathkamp & Co.
Auctioneers: J. Pryce & Co.

I\ Few Remarks Rbout the Bamboo f)at Industry.

An enterprising Chinaman is credited with being the pioneer of the
bamboo hat industi-y in Java. Settling at Tangerang, some 23 kilome-
tres from Batavia, he commenced to manufacture hats by the method of
twisting them out of bamboo strips. (Bamboo tali or Rope Bamboo.)
Success attended his efforts, and with the aid of native workmen, he
gradually extended his operations until he had built up a successful busi-
ness. Competitors soon sprang up, and the industry from such a small
beginning increased till at the present time over 60,C00 natives find em-
ployment in connection with same. A ready market was found all
over the Dutch Indies. The next step was further afield. A French-
man, M. Petitjean, of Tangerang, in 1899 sent a collection of hats manu-
factured at his establishment to the Paris Exhibition, which attracted
great attention. The exhibit took the form (Si a Javanese "Kampong"
(a native house), with an entire native famil\ engaged in making his now
famous bamboo hats. As far back as 187b M. Petitjean started export-
ing hats to all corners of the globe, chiefly to England, France, Germany,
Austria, Italy, and Greece. His efforts to pjease the customers of all

nations were crowned with gratifying success since 1882, and of late years
he has shipped large stocks to America and Australia, where his hats are
much admired. The method of making the hats is most interesting to
witness. The tools employed by the natives consist of a knife, a wooden
board with a hole equal to size to the crown of a h'at in it, and a fial-
headed nail. The bamboo is first of all cleaned, the outer covering is
stripped off with the knife and the inner portion exposed to the dew at
night and to the heat of the sun by day for a period of 48 hours. The
next step consists of cutting the bamboo into pieces at every knot, and
these pieces are split into blades 3 to 4 inches in width. These are again
split, and only the hard portions retained, the centre, being too soft, is
thrown away as useless. Many cuttings of the blades are made until the
desired width for the tapes is attained, and then the material is handed
to women and cliildpen, who weave the hats. The length of time re-
quired to finish a hat varies from two days to as many months, accord-
ing to the quality desired. The districts of Tangerang and Bantam
supply most of the hats for export. Tangerang is only a few miles from
Batavia, affording a most pleasant motor ride, the return journey occu-
pying about H hours.

48^

Buitenzorg may be termed as one of the show places of Java, and it
is well-named "The Free from Care," nestling at the foot of the majestic

volcanoes, Gedeh and Salak, at an altitude

BUITENZORG. of only S50 feet. Although only one and

a half hour's journey by rail from Batavia,

the difference in climate is remarkable. On leaving the station the

traveller is agreeably impressed by the handsome park which faces the

railway. Ornamental shrubs, beds of multi-coloured flowers and fine,

old trees make a most pleasant setting and bid one a cheerful welcome
to this beautiful world-famed resort.

Turning into the main street (Palambang) the Hotel du Chemin
de Fer comes in view. At right angles to the station a lovely
avenue of trees leads tov/ards the town, and in a few minutes the main
road is reached. On our left stretches the famous Botanical Garden,
reputed to be the finest in the world, and to the right, clean white bunga-
lows, with occasional stores, face the roadway. Five minutes more
brings us to an open square, and, turning to the right, we enter the Hotel
Belle Vue's grounds.

Three or four days are necessary to exploit some of the more
prominent beauty spots of Buitenzorg.

j;iM7i.l. snEi<AHiltMI.SIMI)AWGLAVA iXNIl TIUVDjnCH

■> M,.,i,il,iiri. TlR. hi'ieli' .ih.Ki

G, G%fi..i.-'n (AV'ii'i

r'^W

MAP OF BUITENZORG, SOEKABOEMI,

SINDANGLAYA AND TJIANDJOER.

Within the confines of the Botanical
Gardens stands the palace of the Governor-.
General, the large white building crowned
with a cupola peeping gracefully through
its green setting. Well laid out grounds
surround the Palace extending into a fine
park, wherein a large number of deer dis-
port themselves on the vi\ idly green sward.
Entering the Gardens by the main gate
near the Chinese quarter, the visitor finds
himself in thfe wonderful avenue of
Kanari trees. The roadnay, some

twenty feet in width, is lined on either
side with these great forest monarchs,
whose trunks are almost entirely hidden with climbing plants,
which hang in graceful festoons eighty to ninety feet in the air, enlivened
here and there by beautiful orchids, bird-nest ferns and staghorns. The
branches, a hundred feet oxerhead interlace, forming a grand natural
aisle through which the sun rays shine, softened and subdued. \\'alking
onward, a small artificial lake comes into view w ith tiny islets, apparently
floating upon Its calm waters which, on closer inspection, prove to be
huge lotus flowers and Mctoria Regias. Rising from a small island is
noticeable a group of curious looking palms, their crimson-stained stems
contrasting strangely with the brilliant green of their leaves. In the
background is \ isible the Palace of the Goxernor-General. .\ccess to
the private grounds is provided by means of a small rustic bridge.

Victoria Kegias.
Bultenzorg Botanical Gardens.

Many pleasant w alks radiate in all directions amidst thick groves of
magnificent trees, palms, feathery bamboos and forest growths of every
description. Here the visitor may wander along winding paths in soli-
tude ; at ever}- turn he is attracted by strange novel plants and tropical
fruits. Lovely blooms are espied high in the thick foliage, elegant bam-
boos, silhouetted against the
sky, delicate ferns, over-
shadowed b\- graceful palms,
and the gentle murmur of dis-
tant rixulets comes fainth to
the ear. A picturesque stream
— t h e T j i 1 i w o e n g — flows
through the gardens, its rock\'
bed causing the water to break
into miniature foaming cas-
cades. Crossing the iron

The Pond, Botiiuical Gardens, Buitenzorg.

bridge which spans the TjiHwoeng, a nursery garden is reached,
and here a new Kanari avenue has been planted, which only
requires the aid of years to become equal to the old one in grandeur and
extent. 'J'he best time to view these gardens fs early in the morning, as
rain frequently falls in the afternoon between the hours of two and five
o'clock.

The streets are wide and well kept, and many pleasant excur-
sions can be made through the town and its environments. The
bungalows are large and beautifully situated. A handsome club stands
off the main road and a fine convent and large military hospital are
prominent features. Near the liailway Station we find a native "Passar"
or market, .where all kinds of edible fruit are displayed. The smiling
Javanese in their gay raiment lend the necessary colour to the scene, and
the visitor will find it quite interesting to pasis an hour or two strolling
round the various stalls.

An excellent bathing establishment is situated at Kota-Batoe, about
half-an-hour's drive from the Hotel Belle \'ue, where for 15 cents a
splendid bath can be enjoyed.

After bathing, a short walk brings the visitor to Batoe Toelis, where
a large stone bearing hieroglyphics of the Hindoo period is to be seen,
and from where an excellent bird's-eye view of the fertile Tjidani Valley
may be obtained.

The principal modus vivendi to be secured for sight-seeing is a
"Dos-a-dos" (abbreviated into Sado), a small two-wheeled vehicle
drawn bv one or two sturdy little ponies, the charge for which is a
modest shilling per hour (60 cents).

Motor cars or carriages may be hired from the Hotel Belle \^ue or
Hotel du Chemin de Fer, and naturally prove the more comfortable when
viewing the country.

An excellent road connects Buitenzorg with Batavia, some 40 miles
distant, and offers one of the most pleasant and enjoyable "runs" of the
neighbourhood.

RICE.

Rice forms practically the chief article of the Javanese diet. Every
kampong (village) has its own plot of ground, which is worked by the
members. The ground -is prepared by primitive wooden ploughs drawn
by buffalos, and then small terraces are erected around it, to retain the
necessary water. After the ground has been flooded and well worked, it
• is ready for planting. The rice is usually grown in small seed beds very
thickly sown, and at the proper season is removed to the rice fields, where

It is planted some inches apart in water. After full growth is attained
and the grain well formed it is harvested by women who cut off the ripe
grain and tie them in small bundles, leaving the stalks as fodder for their
cattle. It is then taken to the kampong and the grain is separated from
the ears by threshing. This process consists of placing the bundles into
a hollowed block of wood and stamping them with a short heavy pole
until the grains become separated. The rice is then ready for domestic
purposes. Irrigation plays an important part in rice production and the
Javanese employ a most elaborate system. Sloping ground is taken
advantage of and the water is conserved in every way, of which, owing
to the abundant rainfall, there is no lack. These rice fields or "sawahs"
extend in some cases to the very top of large hills and present a very fine

-<saa5s«^.:.q^.

'I^T'^'^'mmmi^;

Eice Fields.

picture. The terraces of water gardens seem to hang one upon another,
with small streams of \\ ater trickling downwards through the green rice
fields.

Maize also figures largely with the natives, being sown imme(Jiately
after the harvesting of the rice crop and being well adapted to the dry
season. Cavassa is also grown and the dried discs or roughlv prepared
flour of this product furnish the raw material for the tapioca factories of
Europe. Another plant of commercial value is the "sesamum," from
which is obtained castor oil, as also a fine lubricating oil, used in many

Photo: Kiirhlj'ian, ■^■ut-abayti.

Transplanting Rice.

factories in Java, Cotton is grown in the district of Samarang, where
large plantations exist. In view of the rice cultivation, only that variety
of cotton that will thrive between the rice seasons is planted here. It is
almost impossible to enumerate in a limited space the many products of
this fertile country, but the following may be mentioned : — capsicum,
cucumbers, arrowroot, potatoes, cabbages, onions, ginger, curcuma,
cocoanuts, cloves, nutmeg, cocoa, vanilla, and kapok.

THE RUBBER INDUSTRY.

It is only of recent years that extensive cultivation of Para rubber
has taken place in the Dutch East Indies, although great interest was
manifested in the operations of planters in the Federated Malay States
and Ceylon. When these were reaping the reward of their enterprise,
planters in Java and Sumatra realised the possibilities of the industry and
obtained practically all their young plants from these countries. Formerly
only the Rambong rubber tree was tapped, but owing to the great size
to which they attain, allowing less trees to be planted to the acre, and the
fact that good rubber cannot be obtained until the trees are many years
old. Para rubber trees have been selected for cultivation. Many large
plantations are scattered over the Netherland Indies, and in Sumatra
estates are rapidly being developed, both cultivated land and virgin forest
being employed. In the latter case the planter or agent having inspected
the area, applies to the Government for its use, which is then put up for

tender and goes to the highest bidder. The land is not sold outright, but
leased for lengthy periods, the majority being for ninety-nine years. The
rent is small, varying from one to two shillings per acre, according to
quality of soil. Under an old law by Sir Stamford Raffles payment for
land need not be made until the purchaser has held it for six years, thus
giving him every chance of recouping himself for the necessary outlay.

The task of clearing the jungle is effected by felling a large pro- '
portion of the trees, drying and packing their trunks around those that
are still standing, and awaiting a suitable opportunity when fire applied i
to one side, aided by favourable winds, sweeps right across the desired i
area, leaving blackened stumps and gnarled trees behind it. These are
again burnt out and the ground is then made ready for planting.

The young trees, which have been grown in nurseries for some six
months, are planted out and stumped. Sometimes planting takes place
from seed, but the former operation is easier and generally adopted. In
order to give admittance for sunlight the trees are planted at unequal
distances, namely in avenues of ^4 x 30 feet or 20 x 17 feet; they are
kept back for some six weeks until the roots have formed properly, when
they are allowed to grow steadily in height and girth. During the time
of preparatory growth, catch crops such as coffee, tobacco and tea are
grown among the young rubber, this method giving a fairly good return
until the trees are matured and fit for tapping. Rubber consists of the
dried milk or latex of certain plants or trees ; it is extracted from the trees
by incisions made in the trunks about six feet from the ground, cups

being affixed to receive the juice. Water contained in suspended vessels
is allowed to drip upon the incisions, preventing coagulation and accelera-
ting the flow of the latex. The incisions are sometimes made on the
branches and up to twenty feet from the ground and great care has to be
taken to prevent injury to the tree. Generally tapping takes place when
the trees are seven years old, or upwards, as premature tapping lessens
the quality and seriously endangers the tree. When a sufficiently large
quantity has beep gathered it is taken to a central factory, freed from
impurities, such as bark and sand, and then immersed in a settling tank
or coagulating receptacle. Sometimes it is smoked to prevent subsequent
softening. Next it is placed in a bowl-like apparatus, acetic acid is
added and the whole revolved. The latex gradually accumulates in the
centre and the watery portion on the outside. When the water is clear

the rubber is removed, and after being pressed, stretched and washed, is
ready for market. All labour is done by coolies. The rate of pay is
low, women being paid fourpence and the men fivepence a day. Every-
thing possible is done to induce them to remain on the estates, even
theatres and other amusements being provided. An efficient hospital is
maintained on each of the large estates. Most of the large estates in
Java are situated within the Preanger district.

Soekaboemi is another health resort, 2000 feet above sea level, and
surrounded by magnificent mountain scenety. It is connected with

Buitenzorg by rail (about two and a half
SOFKABOEMI hours). Soekaboemi is noted for its lovely

climate and natural beauty of its surround- 1
ings. The average temperature being 75° F. the tourist can enjoy
walking excursions at almost any hour of the day, along cool, shady paths '^

and roads, kept in excellent condition. The
township, although small, has two large
hotels, but it is advisable to secure rooms
beforehand, as, owing to the popularity of
this resort, th^ accommodation is often
severely taxed. An excellent sanatorium is
situated here, and people wishing to undergo
the open-air cure and lead "the simple life"
will find every convenience. Charming car-
riage drives through luxuriant tropical
forests can be m^de, the charge \ arying from
three to six guilders. From Soekaboemi a
journey may be made to the, yet active, vol-
cano Gedeh, but* it is easier approached from
Sindanglaya. The many private residences |
are surrounded by beautifully-kept gardens,
studded with all kinds of tropical blossoms,
mingled with creepers, palms and magni-
ficent roses which bloom all the year round.
The white bungalows, ensconced in such
surroundings, with their background of virgin forest, present a most
pleasing picture, and at night, when the villas are illuminated, the whole
villages, w ith its hundreds of gleariiing lights,'remind one of Fairyland. The
tastes of the sportsman are also catered for, and in the wild country of the
Southern Preanger he will find game of such calibre as to satisfy the most
ardent enthusiast, notably rhinoceros, tigers, deer, panther, wild bufifaloes
and boars. Before starting on such excursions arrangements should be
made with some of the landed proprietors in this district, who would
materially assist in the obtaining of guides and native servants, necessary

"Palis. Soekaboemi.

for big game shooting. The Soendanese of the Preanger districts are a
quiet and obliging people and willing to help at a small fee.

_ -■ A very nice excursion can

be made by auto car to Sela
Bintana on the Gedeh Moun-
tain, from where, within an
hour's walk through rich tea
plantations, a small plateau is
reached, and further down a
narrow, winding path, a ravine
into which a charming water-
fall dashes from the mountain
close by. A couple of days
can easily be spent viewing

A Basket Maker. Wijhkoopers Bay, about thirty-

three miles away on the southern sea-shore of Java, approachable by a
very nice road ; the charge of the vehicle being about /12.

Very fair accommodation can be secured at the rest-house on the bay.
Some interesting spots are to be visited here, and the scenery is magnifi-
cent, bold majestic cliffs ascend from thfe water's edge and against their
rugged sides the high surf beats itself into beautiful lace-like patterns.
The beauty of the scene at sunset is glorious, the small fishing boats idly
floating on the blue waters, the dark mountains with their sombre shades
of green, the everchanging surface of the restless ocean and the gleaming
strip of yellow sand, all softened and subdued in the evening light, pre-
sent a picture, which would tax to the utmost the powers of an artist to
portray.

As the journey in these altitudes is often taking us through coffee
plantations a short resum^ of the planting, growing, and handling of
this commodity will no doubt interest the reader.

Bas Belief, Boro Boedoer.

COFFEE.

East Java is easily the premier coffee-producing district of the
Island, and practically over one half of the total number of plantations
are within its confines, but of late years very few of the estates are

devoted exclusively to the
cultivation of coffee, but
combine it with other crops,
such as tea, rubber, pepper
and cinchona, etc. The
coffee plants thrive well
upon levels from 1500 to
3000 feet on undulating
country. Different methods
prevail of clearing the
jungle, some planters en-
tirely clearing the ground -
with the exception of big
wind-breaks ; others only
clear the shrubs and under-
growth, leaving the tall
trees for shade. The
ground is broken up by the
"patjol" (a kind of hoe),
and sometimes by the
plough ; w here necessary,
terraces are made on slop-

COFFEE.

The plants are
grown in nurseries
from seed, and at
the beginning of the
rainy season are
planted out, usually
in holes two feet
square, and well
manured. The trees
commence to bear
fruit (berries) after
two or three years,
but abundant crops
should not be looked
for until the fifth
or sixth year. The inter\-ening time is taken up by the care of the young
trees; suckers must be removed, all diseased or dead plants renewed by
healthy, fresh ones, and the shrubs restricted in height by constant
topping. Shade trees are planted at regular intervals, and the proper
maintenance of the plantation goes on throughout the year. The trees
ordinarily bear fruit three times a year, and the berries are plucked by
nurnerous native women, con^■eyed to the factory and pulped by machinery
to remove the fleshy substance which encloses them. After pulping, the
berry is thoroughly washed, dried, then moulded or stamped, and the
husks removed by fans. This method, called the West Indian or
Brazilian method, imparts a fine, bright appearance to the berrv which

Cotfee Cleaning.

^XA^j^. ..AuUiMfl Jti.jU?'^. .4 '

.•9ikbJi^Jiw.iHu.v

Kurktljian, Huuraliaya.

CoSee (Robusta) The Berries.

is so much appreciated in the market. The coffee next passes through
the hands of the sorter and is then packed 'in strong bales ready for
export. It is sometimes stored before baling, as this strengthens the
quality of well-prepared coffee. Very few qf the estates prepare the
beans by grinding, etc., but simply sell the -beans in bales containing
one picul of coffee (6i'76 kilos).

Coffee (Robusta) in Bloom.

\'ery many kinds of plants have been introduced into Java, but the
Liberia variety seems the one most favored. The bulk of the coffee is
still shipped to Holland, owing, probably, to the fact that it enters
that country free of duty.

Sindanglaya lies to the north-east of Soekaboemi, on the heights of
the Gedeh range of mountains. The climate, owing to the height above

sea level (3479 feet) is very cool and

SINDANGLAYA. healthy and a pleasant time may be

passed in this beautiful hill resort. An
excellent sanatorium is situated here, and visitors will find every con-
venience for their comfort at moderate charges. To reach Sindanglaya
two routes are open, the first, by rail from Buitenzorg to a small station,
Tjiandoer, on the main line and then per car or carriage along a well
made mountain roadi or,- by natiA-e trap direct from Buitenzorg over the
Poentjak Pass. This route, although it entails five hours in a small trap
drawn by sturdy mountain ponies, is much t« be preferred. Leaving
Buitenzorg early in the morning one enjoys- the splendid scenery en
roiilc. Distant views of picturesque kampongs, fertile valleys with their
ever-attendant rice fields gleaming brightly in the morning sun, and the
wild grandeur of the majestic mountains amply repays one for the extra

100

exertion. Reaching the top of the Pass a visit should be made to a pretty
little lake (Telaga Warna), surrounded by tMck foliage to the water's
edge. From here it is about one hour's journey to the hotel. The trip,
which takes about five hours altogether,
costs twelve guilders (/12).

Many beautiful shady walks can be
taken, and the traveller should not neglect
to visit the country residence of the
Governor-General, situated at Tjipanas
in a well laid-out park, and the hot springs
where a bath can be enjoyed, free of
charge. Continuing our walk, a branch
road leads to a section of the Botanical
Gardens on the slope of the Gedeh (4500
feet). This hill garden possesses many
plants from all parts of the globe, and the
writer was pleased to renew acquaintance
with such old and familiar friends as the
Australian eucalyptus and acacias. Laid
out like a park, with its wealth of tropical
blooming flowers on all sides, this beauti-
ful spot affords keen enjoyment to the
lover of Nature.

Another pleasant walk is to the water-
fall of Tjibeureum and the Bat Grotto.
Following a road branching off below the
gardens, we ascend gradually to the Bat
Grotto and the waterfalls. The view is
superb, three distinct waterfalls being ob-
served, that of Tjibeureum falling 450 feet
into the depts. Delicate ferns grow in
wild profusion amid the rocks, and the
lace-like curtain of water gleams brightly
against the dark green back-ground.

Before making the ascent of the Gedeh
it is advisable to ascertain at the hotel the
necessary details for such an excursion.
The easiest way is to inspect the gardens
and waterfalls in the morning and a son of Toil.

ascending to the re.st-house at Kandang-Bodak, passing the night there.
This mountain derives its name from the rhinoceros who formerly fre-
..quented it, but it is doubtful if one of the species now remain within its

lOI

wooded confines. 'Jo reach the rest-house one takes the road leading tc
the waterfalls and at an open space where the road divides, turns to the
left, climbing steadily along a narrow mountain path for two and a half-
hours, the summit is attained. For a charge of one guilder, accommo-
dation at the rest-house is procured and at 4 a.m. next morning a start
shoiild be made in order to see the Gedeb and return the same day to the
hotel.

A magnificent view of the surrounding country is obtained from the
summit of the Kasoer (3640 feet) and it is pcfssible not only to catch a
glimpse of the Gedeh, but frequently to see a column of white smoke
ascending from it. Mountain peaks, their summits hidden by phantas-
tically-shaped clouds lie before us, deep valley and ravines clothed with
luxuriant virgin forests, and away on the distant horizon the blue waters
of the Java Sea gleam fitfully in the bright sunshine.

Situated in the Preanger highlands, upon the great plain of the same
name, at an altitude of 2400 feet above sea level, Bandoeng possesses
many attractions, not only for the tourist but
BANDOENG ^'^o for the resident of the plains, who, during
the holiday season, visits this prosperous town in
great numbers to enjoy their well-earned vacation. A more delightful
change from the sultry heat of the plains, to this cool bracing climate
cannot be imagined. Bandoeng is the capital of the Preanger Regencies
and the centre of se\ eral important industries, such as tea, quinine, coffee,
rubber, rice and food preserving. The town is well laid out with clean
broad streets, smart up-to-date shops and private residences. It possesses
five banks, two first-class hotels, viz.. Hotel Homann and the Preanger
Hotel, two newspapers, a church and other public buildings. The popu-
lation numbers about 100,000 people and is constantly and rapidly
increasing. Bandoeng's future seem.s to spell "success." The stores of
the War Department and the workshops of the State Railwavs established
here have helped considerably in the development of this town.

The plains of Bandoeng have an area of about 12,000 acres, which
are almost exclusi\ elv devoted to the cultivation of rice, the view from
any of the surrounding hills giving an excellent impression of the fertility
of th^ goil. The mountain scenery in the vicinity is extremelv beautiful
and long walks may be taken in all direction^ without an\ great dis-
comfort, the pure in\igorating mountain air acting as a fine tonic. A
trip recommended to the tourist is that of the ascent of the volcano,
Tangkoeban Prahoe, which ma^- be easily accomplished. Bandoeng
should be left early in the morning (5 a.m.) and securing a native trap
the visitor gradually ascends to the small village of Lembang, 4000 feet
above sea level. En route a magnificent panorama of the great plains

Another Beautiful Fell

103

unfolds itself to the beholder. Bathed in the rays of the rising sun lie
the green picturesque rice fields, stretching away into the dim distance,
interspersed with groves of tropical growths. The gleaming waters of
the mighty river Tjitaroem, bold rugged mountains looming in the back-
ground, with their wealth of virgin forests seemingly acting as sentinels,
present as fair a scene as can be enjoyed in the whole of Java. At Lem-
bang sedan chairs or horses must be secured and the journey continued

104

upwards, through a cinchona plantation and a dense tropical forest, to the
edge of the crater, where a splendid view of the bubbling sulphur pools is
obtained. There are two deep craters here (a .small one being in process
of forming) from which a column of smoke arises and although the
descent to the bottom of the crater is rough and dangerous, it is quite
possible to accomplish it. This trip costs about ten guilders (i6s. 8d.).

Another pleasant excursion is to the Fall of Tjitaroem, which should
not be missed as this fall is the most important one in Java. Where the
River Tjitaroem leaves the plain of Bandoeng it breaks through the
western chain of mountains at a point, where in the course of ages, a
narrow ravine, over 1600 feet deep, has been hollowed out of the rock.
Through this ravine rushes the waterfall or rather a series of small falls
to the depth below. The trip, although tiring, amply compensates one by
the beauty of the scene. To reach this spot one takes train to Tjipen-
jeum and from there proceeds on horseback seven miles further to the
village of Tjatjabau. From there a walk of half-a-mile brings one to
the fall. The charge of this excursion is f3-2^ {6s. 3d.).

The Quinine Factory, Bandoeng.

Perhaps one of the most important industries, touching as it does
every part of the civilised world is the manufacture of quinine — the
greatest fever-suppressing agent known to medical science — and to Ban-
doeng belongs the honour of having a factory of this nature within the
city walls. The Bandoeng Quinine Factory was established in the year
1897, at the then small mountain place of Bandoeng, which is totally
surrounded by a number of cinchona estates.

'05

The extensiveness of the whole of the factory buildings makes a
great impression and if the entrance were not forbidden (as the manu-
facture is kept a secret) many a tourist would be eager to have a look
round in this interesting concern.

The situation, in the centre of the cinchona estates and in the im-
mediate vicinity of countries, where much quinine is consumed, is very
favourable.

This, in connection with the superiority of its products, enables the
factory to most energetically compete with those in Europe and America.

A quantity of about 2,800,000 ounces of sulphate of quinine and
other quinine salts, such as hydrochlorate, bisulphate, bihydrochlorate,
tannate, etc., complying with the requirements of the different pharma-

ntm:h\piin iirx.

.•«?; ■"

MAP OF THE

106

copcEJas, is prepared every year, the factory being at present the largest
quinine factory in the world.

A-s a specialit}', sugar-coated quinine tablets are manufactured, and
the large exports of this product, sufficiently demonstrates the superior
quality.

JPrices, however, are very low and this enables the managers of many
tea and rubber estates to keep their workmen free from malaria, by the
distribution of these prophylactical tablets.

The small cost of the jprophylactical fight against the malaria by
means of the quinine tablets of the Bandoeng Quinine Factory are of no
importance if compared with the advantage of prompt working.

PREANGER REGENCIES.

KHrkilginn, Sourabnya.

A Glimpse of Garoet.

Lying 2500 feet above sea level on a great fertile, green plain, sur-
rounded by mountains, Garoet possesses many charms for the tourist.

The climate is healthy, lovely and cool, the mountain
GAROET ^''' exhilarating and the scenery very fine. The town

although small is \ery picturesque, and visitors will
pass a pleasant time inspecting the native markets wherein all sorts of
edible fruit and other products are displa}ed. The busy market with its
crowds of chattering good-humoured Javanese buying and selling their
produce is distinctly of strange interest, and the visitor's eye will be fas-
cinated by the constantly moving throng of g^aily-attired natives with
their bright sarongs and multi-coloured head-dresses, which are quite
distinct from other districts.

On the town square is situated a quaint little Mohammedan mosque
and the houses of the Dutch Resident and the Native Regent. Three
hotels cater for the public taste and give every satisfaction. Manv charm-
ing excursions can be made in the vicinity of Garoet and, as the majority
of these trips are easily accomplished, the lover of nature can gratify his
desire in that direction without over-exerting himself. A trip to the
volcano Papandayan should be taken ; earlv in the morning a trap is
secured and after a drive of twelve miles through open country the foot of
the mountain is reached, where a horse or sedan chair is procurable
at the small village of Tjisoeroepan, and the ascent of the mountain

108

begins. In the glow of the rising sun
the scene displayed is glorious, each
lofty summit, bathed in liquid fire,
stands out distinctly in the clear chilly
air, and looking backward towards
the plain a splendid view is obtained
of the picturesque rice fields, the
water gleaming brightl)' amid the
waving fields of green rice, and
here and thpre industrious natives with
their patient oxen ploughing and
tending their crops can be discerned.
Continuing to climb upwards through
belts of tropical growth the denser
jungle is reached, and here solitude
reigns supreme. Magnificent tree
ferns with their delicate green fronds
grow in wild luxuriance. Creeping
palms and runners of all kinds hang
in graceful festoons from the tall
forest giants, and the dark green hues are relieved by the lovely colours
of the superb orchids and other strange tropical blooms. At last, enter-
ing a cutting in the solid rock, the visitor follows a narrow path which
leads to the crater. Here, standing on the edge of the precipitous walls
that surround the cup-like bowl, one can view the boiling, seething mass
in the crater below. The rumbling noises, the roaring and hissing of the
steam jets, form a fitting accompaniment to the wild, indescribable
grandeur of the scene. Returning, one can have a good tiffin at the Hotel
Villa Pauline and be back in Garoet between three or four o'clock; the
charge for the trip being about ten guilders {i6s. Sd.).

A Sarong Painter.

-»jt'

A Javanese Orchestra (Gamalang)-
109

TELEGA BODAS.

In order to visit this lake the start must be made early in the morning

and it is wise to take along some refreshments. We proceed per native

trap to the village of Wanaradja, where a horse or sedan chair must be

procured, and then across the plain to the road to Telaga Bodas, passing

G MANDaUWAMC

5 RAKOETAK

■«v . *-i

MAP OF GAROET

native kampongs on all sides. Some five miles further a steep grade is
negotiated, and shortly after turning to the right a rest house is reached,
from where a fine view is obtained. A better view, however, can be seen
a little later at a resting place where the coolies refresh themselves. At
one's feet the great plains of Garoet and Leles stretch away into the dim

AND ITS VICINITY.

Views of Hotel Villa Dolce. Garoet.
112

distance where rises the majestic mountain Goenoeng Goentoer, and a
silvery gleam at its base betokens the lake of Bagendit. Farther afield
towards the left may be seen the white residences of Garoet, and on the
glittering horizon the tall peaks of the volcano Papandayan, while
numerous other mountains seem etched against the sky-line. Turning to
resume the upward path one enters a dense forest with its palms, tree
ferns, creepers, and other tropical growths tangled in wild confusion,
and scattered here and there grow gigantic white flowers of a poisonous
plant called atropine, so well known to the eye specialist. Soon a small
white stream is noticeable rushing down the mountain side, and here the
road divides — the one on the left leading to the lake which suddenly comes
into view — a most impressive sight. Pale green in colour and continually
bubbling owing to the presence of small craters at the bottom. It is
almost circular in shape and on the opposite side vapours are seen issuing

'''y^'fc-i^^'^iii^^^;!^^^'^'-^'''

Tjipanas, near Garoet.

from the rocks, showing that the crater there is still active. A path
leadiilg to the right takes one to a smaller lake and to some hot sulphur-
ous springs and small waterfall. The trip takes about seven hours and
costs ten to twelve guilders (i6s. 8d. to 20s.).

A pleasant time can be spent in an excursion to Kawah Manoek, a
crater. Leaving early in the morning this trip can be easily accomplished
before noon. The view from the summit of the famous Plain of Leles is
splendid. In a little over half-an-hour a visit can be made to the small
lake, Sitoe Bagendit where, at a small cost, the visitor can be rowed
across the lake to a hill on the west bank, from which a fine \ iew of the
surrounding country is obtained. The "ferry" consists of two hollowed-
out trees, fashioned into long narrow boats, over which is securely
fastened a frame work of strong matting, on which are placed some com-

fortable chairs. The whole structure is covered by a bamboo roof to make
matters comfortable.

On the return journey to Garoet a detour should be made to the hot
springs, Tjipanas, where a fine hot mineral bath may be enjoyed at the
rea.sonable fee of 50 cents. A small rest house is adjoining-, where re-
freshments of any kind can be obtained.

Hotels : Villa Dolce, van Horck, Papandayan.

Store : Meyer.

We are leaving by an early morning train for Djocjakarta, arriving
about tiften-time at our destination.

Djocjakarta is situated in the south of Middle Java and is the seat of
the once powerful Sultan of Djocjakarta. It has many points of interest

for tourists and is a convenient starting
DJOCJAKARTA. point for an excursion to the famous Boro

Boedoer Temple. The town is well laid
out with broad sandy streets well shaded, and possesses some handsome
buildings, including an excellent club and two hoteLs, a third one being in
course of construction.

114

Many pleasant walks can be taken in and around the town.
Here may be inspected "The Kraton" or Palace of the Sultan, en-
closed by a wall over four miles in length, and containing many build-
ings, canals, and streets, the Sultan having some 15,000 people connected
with his court. By special arrangement with the Resident it is possible to
be presented to the Sultan. The Sultan still retains much of his former
splendour and when the State procession with his gaily-attired retainers,
musicians, dancers, fan bearers, singers, etc. in gorgeous array goes
abroad, the sight presents a gay scene. The Palace is worth looking over.

A visit should also be paid to
the "Water Castle" in the old por-
tion of the town. The castle
formerly stood in a small lake,
connected with the shore by a
secret tunnel, and was used as a
cool summer retreat by the great
Sultan Mankok Boeni and his
harem. Repeated shocks of earth-
quakes partially destroyed most of
the important buildings to shape-
less mounds, and the ravages of
time have covered the remainder
with vegetation. Viewing this
scene of desolation, the ruined
gateways, age-blackened walls,
staircases and galleries dripping
with water and covered with moss,
gives the keen observer some idea
of its ancient grandeur. Here and
there solitary pa\ ilions with
quaintly-curved gables seem the
sole survivors of this once-pictur-
esque castle.

A Native Woman, Djocja.

A walk through the native streets will prove of interest, as Djocja is
the centre of the sarong industry and manufactures this garment in
immense numbers and designs. The sarong is the native dress and may
vary in price from half-a-guilder to /loo or more, according to quality
or pattern. A permanent exhibition of native crafts and arts is established
in the town, and one may watch the makiijg of gold and silver ornaments,
krisses, wood carving, etc., and artistic work of every description by
natives with their primitive tools and crude methods.

The native kampongs are next visited and -are very interesting. The
small huts, roofed with red tiles or thatched with leaves and sides

ii6

r«^.

S-*

i;»^« ■, '*4<.

(* (I

-,. '?■?; ;

Creneral View of iJoro Boedoer J^efore Eestoration.

of plaited bamboo closely woven together, appear to be clean and
neat. Lying generally half-hidden among a clump of banana or cocoa-
nut trees, with swarms of nude children in the foreground, they produce
an extremely novel effect. The Javanese are generally a courteous, good-

117

humoured people and willing to allow inspection of their huts. All the
dwellings are built some few feet off the ground for the sake of coolness
and to avoid the damp. They are not built in rows but as their own sweet
will desired it, and they face all quarters of the compass.

On a clear day the visitor can discern froin Djocja the volcano Merapi
with heavy clouds of smoke hanging above the summit and which at night
take a reddish hue, making quite a most unique spectacle, well worth
witnessing. In the neighbourhood of Djocja, sugar cane, tobacco and
rice are extensively cultivated and i8 large sugar refineries fitted with
modern machinery, situated within the district, testify to its importance
as a producing centre. The town is connected with Batavia and Soura-
baya by rail, and a branch line runs north towards Samarang. After
half-an-hours journey on this line the tourist takes coach (to be ordered
from the station master beforehand) for the X^ins of Prambanan which,
although much smaller than the Boro Boedor, are rich in sculptures of the
experiences and life of Buddha. To the south of Djocja the Indian Ocean
can be reached, and a charming drive to Parangtritis should be taken,
where excellent sea bathing may be enjoyed. The charge for the carriage
is fi2 (20S.).

BORO BOEDOER.

Without doubt the most important and impressive sight in the Island
is the wondrous Hindoo temple, the grandest the world has ever seen —

Boro Boedoer.

In describing the beauties of
this great Hindoo monument,
which is probably the oldest in the
world, we confine ourselves to an
extract kindly supplied to the
writer by Major T. van Erp, who
was in charge of the restoration of
this temple for several vears.

In 1814, when British en-
gineers arrived at Boro Boedoer,
no indication of a hidden temple
was to. be seen, nothing, save a
tree-covered hill, .\fter nearly two
months of excavating, the greater
portion of these ruins were brought'
to light. 'I'he structure is built in
several terraces of volcanic stone
on a natural hill. The base is
square, with two rectangular
118

The Tjandi Pawon.

A Buddha on Foiirtli Gallery.- Exterior Before Restoration.— The Steps Reading
to the Galleries.— The Restored Dome. -The Top Gallery.

119

Chandi Pawon, on the Road to Boro Boedoer.

projections on each side, having a length of about 340 feet. This square
form is repeated on the four higher terraces or galleries , which on the
outer sides have balustrades. Ascending stone steps the plateau is
reached, where the square ends and three consecutive circular terraces
are seen supporting open work dagabas, each containing Buddha images.
On the upper terrace rises the central dagaba, now fully restored.

Hundreds of life-size statues ornament the ruins, and upon the walls
are carved beautiful bas-reliefs depicting the birth and episodes of the life
of Buddha. Twenty monumental gateways lead to the several galleries
and the plateau. These gateways are carved' with the "Kali-Makara,"
consisting of an open niche containing the intage of a Buddha and sur-
mounted by a temple-like structure. This plan has been repeated by the
architect of the temple 432 times, with many variations, however, on the
different terraces, and forms one of the most attractive features of this
wonderful edifice. Upon climbing to the plateau, or round terraces, all
decoration ceases and within the central dagaba upon the last terrace
is found an unfinished Buddha statue supposed to be the likeness of "Adhi
Buddha."

A Corner of Gallery, Boro Boedoer
The most advantageous
plan to inspect the tem-
ple is to leave Djocja
by the 2 p.m. train,
arriving at Boro Boe-
doer about 6 p.m. by
carriage from Moenti-
lan. Instruct your
driver to return for you
on the following day, in
time for the afternoon
train for Djocja, leav-
ing the morning of that
day free for the viewing.

Hotels; Mataram,
T o e g o e, new hotel
building.

Chemists : van Gor-
kum & Co.

Curios : ter Horst.

Retracing our steps
reluctantly from the
Boro Boedoer we return
to Djocja. A short train
journey takes us to Solo.

Everywhere throughout the
galleries are texts carved on the
walls, but most of them have not
been finally identified. It is re-
markable that the whole of this
great monument of ingenuity and
its terraces was built without
mortar or cement.

The Netherlands Government
has spent during the last ten years
/i, 500, 000 upon the restoration of
the ruins. Major ^an Erp im-
parted much interesting informa-
tion upon this wonderful temple
and the gigantic task of its re-
storation, which is now practically
completed.

The view from the top plateau
is beyond description, beautiful.

A Buddha Image.

Soerakarta (Solo) is situated in the heart of the once-powerful Java-
nese kingdom of Mataram. Here we find native princes still holding their

courts in time-hoaoured style but, of course,

SOLO. minus the independence of former days. Solo

is connected with Batavia by rail and a

branch line also runs north to the seaport town, Samarang. The climate

is healthy and temperate (average shade temperature, 86^) with cool

nights, and the picturesque little town is well worth a visit.

Among the more conspicuous places of interest may be mentioned
the Sultan's palace. This edifice is enclosed by twelve-feet high white
walls and contains numerous buildings for the various officials and
ser\'ants connected with the court. An introduction to the Sultan may
be obtained through the Dutch Resident, but it is not always easy to
secure.

A Dutch fort is
situated here, called
" Vastenburg," and
a permanent force is
always maintained.
The street scenes are
particularly interest-
ing, and one may
meet a company of
strolling actors in
hideous masks
gravely performing
in the crowded
streets, oblivious of
the din and bustle.
Driving through magnificent avenues of Tamarind trees, the visitor's
attention is drawn to the constantly moving throng. Here a street
hawker may be observed squatted on the ground, with his two
baskets, displaying his dubious-looking wares which evidently find
favour in the eyes of several Javanese youtlis who are spending their
money to the best advantage. Comely, gaily-attired women wend their
way along, with their quaint little children suspended by a band from the
shoulder. Hundreds of good-humoured chattering Javanese pass to and
fro, all looking neat and clean in the universal sarong, and occasionally
a court dignitary with golden umbrella in his wfell-appointed carriage.

Many drives of great beauty may be taken in and about the town
through beautifully shaded streets, with a distant view of the mountain
peaks in the background. Before leaving Solg the tourist should avail
himself of the opportunity to visit the most interesting home of the Chief

122

Solo street Scene.

Architect to the Sultan. Every object within the building has been de-
signed by himself, assisted by natives. The dcJors, walls, picture frames,
and furniture of all
kinds are beauti-
fully inlaid with
hundreds of various
native woods, the
whole blending and
harmonising to pro-
duce a most artistic
effect. Another
striking feature of
this unique home is
that every settee,
table, chair or
bookcase has for

legs or arms an Entrance to Kraton, Solo,

exact imitation of some agricultural implement used in Java. Weapons
of eyery description cover the walls, and scattered through the various
rooms are works of art of great variety in seemingly endless numbers. A
couple of days may easily be spent viewing this most artistic and pic-
turesque dwelling. In Solo the traveller
has the pri\-ilege of \^itnessing the "wa-
jang wong" (wajang representation by
living people*) or puppet drama. His-
torical exents or ancient legends are
portrayed by means of grotesque
shadows thrown upon a sheet or cur-
tain, with the aid of exaggerated pup-
pets made of leather or cardboard and
manipulated by unseen hands.

His Highness the present Sultan of
Solo possesses a Aery fine native band
or "gamelang," from whose queer-
looking instruments quaint harmonious
music is produced. Here also one may
see the Serimpi (a body of special
dancers), maintained by the Sultan, in
their quaint attires and graceful dances.

Solo can boast of a fine City Park,

beautifully Slaid out, a portion of

which is arranged as a Zoological Gardens, where a large collection of

wild animals, such as tigers, leopards, jaguars, also crocodiles, stags,

123

A Native Woman and Child.

monkeys, snakes, birds, etc. are kept. A visit to these gardens should
not be omitted, the entrance fee being only ten cents, (ad.).

There are two hotels in the town, but no special recommendation
could be given to either.

Hotels : van Slier, Rusche.
Chemists : Volksapotheek.

After a short sojourn in Solo we take train once more, for Samarang,
arriving there about 4 p.m.

Samarang is a thriving commercial town, the third of importance,
situated on the north coast of Java. Communication with Batavia and

Sourabaya is maintained by means of the Neder-
SAMARANG. lansche Indische Railway, running south and
connecting with the State line at Solo, and also
by steamers, which call weekly from both ports and Singapore. To the
east of the town an extensive tramway system also connects with Soura-
baya. These lines are the property of the Samarang Joana Steam Tram
Company, and extend in various directions, serving the town and port
and traversing the coast as far as the scaportltown, Cheribon. There is
also a railway line connecting with Djocja via Magelang, which is most
picturesque.

The roadstead is very shallow, owing to the continuous silting up
of sand and mud, and the steamers are compelled to anchor about two
miles from the entrance to the canal. Two breakwaters about half-a-mile
in length protect the mouth of the river or canal, and continuous dredging
is necessary to keep the passage navigable. A tall white lighthouse
stands on the western bank ; opposite is the small customs house, where a
landing is effected. Despite these natural disadvantages of the port, its
trade has increased enormously, and in 1898, 835 vessels, representing
a gross tonnage of 1,639,161 tons, cleared the port, which figures have
since more than doubled. Amongst the priijcipal exports were coffee,
cocoa, tobacco, spices, etc., and about 300,000 tons of sugar. That
these figures have been materially increased is natural, as, owing to its
position, Samarang is the outlet for the trade of the rich lands of Middle
Java.

Tlic town is bounded on the east and west by huge swamps, and,
to guard ai^ainst floods, two large canals protect it on either side. The
Samarang River flows through the centre of the city and empties its
waters into the harbour some distance west of the lighthouse ; formerly,
during the rainy season, the \\estern portion pf the town was frequently
submerged, but since the inception of the two great canals the trouble
has disappeared, and the public health has greatly improxed.

124

Samarang possesses some very fine buildings.

The town may be divided into two portions, the old and the
new quarter; the former lies nearer the sea and with, perhaps,
the exception of a visit to the busy canal, has nothing in the
shape of attractions for the tourist. Blocks of queer, old two-
storeyed buildings line the narrow, dusty streets, and the general absence
of sh'ade trees adds considerably to the temperature of that quarter.

125

The total population of Samarang is abqut 120,000, of which 5200
are Europeans.

Leaving the small Customs House, we proceed along the canal
which presents a very busy scene. Hundreds of strange crafts swarm
on its waters, prahus, junks, dhows and large Mghters capable of carrying
400 tons lie in a seemingly inextricable tangle. Fronting the canal,
which is well constructed of solid masonry, lie huge godows (bulk stores),
and constantly passing and repassing moves a stream of coolies laden
with merchandise. Some distance along the canal is the large Customs
House, and all dutiable goods must go through a lock to reach it. This
building is shortly to be remo\ ed to the beach near the breakwater, where

Flashlight picture of the Opeuiiig of the New Skating- Riiik at the Club " Harnionie,"
Samarang, on the Eve of the Queen Mother's Birthday, August i.st, ion.

harbour improvements are going on, and where quays are to be con-
structed, thus simplyfying the handling of all cargoes. Some distance
to the east, outside the town, lies the railway station, and a line connects
with the wharves.

Turning away from the canal slightly to the left the large
buildings of the Schcepsagentuur and the Ro\al Packet S.N. Co.
are passed, and, crossing the town bridge over the river, which
forms the division between the old and new town, we issue upon a
broad, well-kept road (Heerenstraat). On our left lies a large triangular
park or public garden where hundreds of nati\es may be observed in
the evening chatting or playing football and other games. On the
north of this park stand the substantial buildings of the Town Hall and
the Post Office, and on the west the Hotel Du Pavilion and the residence

126

of the Regent, being situated towards the south. Continuing from
the Heerenstraat runs the main street known as Bodjong, lined on either
side with well-kept bungalows and huge tamarind trees. Prominent
features of this portion of Samarang are the New Club, "The Har-
monle," and the Protestant Orphanage. After running south-west for
about one mile and a half, flanked on either side by beautiful white

Chinese Market.— Tlie Canal and lighthouse.
A Residence at Tjandi.

bungalows, the road ends in a large, grassy park where, in the evenings,
the music of an excellent band may be enjoyed. Here is located the
handsome town house of the Resident in a well laid-out garden.
Formerly a magnificent old castle, erected by Governor Daendels, stood
here, but, upon the division of Java into Residencies, it became the
home of the Resident, and, proving too large for modern requirements,

\2i

was finally demolished. From here a post road runs west along the
coast to Cheribon, a seaport, and three other roads branch off in different
directions, one — the Pendrian — running back towards the town past
the racecourse and the entrance to the disused Orange Fort. Away to
the east, bordered by leafy trees, stretches a fine road which connects
with another road running south from the station, which offers a very
plea:sant evening drive through picturesque kampongs, quaint Chinese
burial-grounds, and well-cultivated fields. Ui)on reaching the Oenarang
Road one turns to the right and proceeds southwards towards Tjandi,
a charming residential suburb — almost entirely English — situated on a
gentle slope some 300 feet above sea le\el, from whence an excellent
view of the town and harbour is obtained. A steam tram also traverses
this road, but a carriage must be ordered to convey tourists from the
foot of the hill to the hotel.

Tjandi possesses a club, an hotel, two .tennis clubs, and splendid
golf links. Along the road are some handsome Chinese graves reputed
to be the finest in existence, one in particular being constructed of the
finest marble, the carvings taking nearly a year to execute at a total
cost of over 100,000 guilders.

In the neighbourhood resides probably the richest Chinese gentle-
man in all Java. His mansion is fitted with all modern luxuries
regardless of cost. Adjoining his home is laid out a typical Chinese
garden which is open to visitors. Everywhere quaintly arranged rock-
work enclose charming flower-beds planted with rich blooms. Winding
paths flanked by miniature temples, grottoes or grotesque stone idols
traverse the garden in all directions, and the visitor is confronted every-
where by novel specimens of Chinese architecture. In the centre stands
a large temple surrounded by a small moat, the dark green waters
fitfully disturbed by numerous fish. The scene at sunset is weird and
impressive. The glow of the fading sun casting strange shadows upon
the white pavilions and gateways, and the uri,canny silence of the sur-
roundings gives one the impression of disturbing the sanctity of some
holy place.

From an artificial hill in the rear of the gatden an excellent panorama
is obtained. The fertile plains of Demak lie before us, huge marshes
and rice fields stretching far away to jungles of teak, and in the back-
ground loom numerous high mountains, and the active volcano Merapi
is clearly visible. Awa>- behind the Japara coastline rise a group of
peaks (the Moriah), below which the richest oil wells in Java are located.

Returning, a visit should be paid to the large Chinese kampong,
where the Celestial ma)' be seen in all his glary, a very hive of bustle
and activitN ; and afterwards to the Arab and native kampongs situated
in the western end of the town.

Samarang is a very important sugar-producing centre, and in the
neighbourhood are large plantations devoted to' the culture of sugarcane,
coffee and other products.

To the east of the town is a famous post road, some hundreds of
years old and probably dating from the Hindu period. The road, which
is excellent for motoring, runs away into the interior, passing through
Solo and Djocja. Many pleasant trips can be taken by the steam trams
in all directions and a walk or drive should be undertaken to the great
locks on the Western Canal at Simongan and to the old fort of Prins van
Orange near the racecourse. Harbour works are in course of construc-
tion which, when completed, will add considerably to the safety and
importance of Samarang as a port.

Hotels : Pavilion, Jensen.

Chemists : Klaasesz.

Jeweller : Wolf.

Outfitters: Rixtel, Zikel & Co.

Auto Cars : Velodrome, Tropical.

Pianos : Seelig & Zoon.

A trip through Java cannot be considere'd complete without a visit
to Tosari, which can truly be designated as one of the wonders of the
world. To cope with the ever-increasing demands
TOSARI. by residents, as well as tburists, up-to-date residen-

tial quarters and a fine sanatorium on modern lines
have been established here, presided over and conducted by Dr. D. J.
Fangman.

Bungalows of various sizes are available for the accommodation of
guests, which offer all the advantages of a first-class hotel. During
a chat with Dr. Fangman the writer gathered the following kindly sup-
plied particulars regarding this wonderful resort which, although not
entirely original, will no doubt prove of interest.

In the beautiful island of Java one of the finest spots is Tosari, situ-
ated in the eastern part in the neighbourhood of Sourabaya. Especially
the famous volcano Bromo, which is only a few miles off, has a great
attraction for globetrotters : there they behold a spectacle which may be
called unique in the world.

As regards Tosari itself, in the Straits Times Annual, 1905-1906, it is
described "as the Massooric or the Darjeeling of the Netherland Indies.
At any rate it is the coolest and loveliest spot with the European hotel
accommodation between India and Japan." And further on: "From
Tosari one may take the most entrancing walks and rides — though of

129

ilf^'flJ-S^,,: ,t

'P^r'

Photo : Kurkdjian, Sourabaya.

An Eruption of Mount Smeroe.

course there are no wheeled vehicles on the hill tops — and of the many
places worth making an excursion to, the most wonderful by far, and the
most fascinating, is the trip to the Bromo crater, which is found in the
middle of the Sand Sea, about ten miles from the Tosari Sanatorium.
Volumes might be written to describe the impression that the view of this
extraordinary spectacle conveys to the astonished traveller when it first
bursts upon his gaze from the top of the Moengal Pass. It is one of the
wonder spots of the world — unique, unforgettable."

To reach Tosari, one takes train from Sourabaya to Pasourouan —
about two hours — whence a five hours' climb brings one to Tosari.
For two-thirds of the way, as far as Poespo, a lesser hill resort, some
2500 feet above sea level, one can dri\e by carriage.

A much quicker route, however, is about to be established betwen
Sourabaya and this grandest spot in all Java, the energetic proprietor
of the Tosari Sanatorium, Dr. D. J. Fangman, having succeeded in
obtaining official leave to run motor cars daily for the conveyance of

130

passengers. By this means the journey will be rendered shorter and
more comfortable, whilst the cost will not be unduly raised.

The nearer we get to Tosari the scarcer become the high trees ; the
forest changes gradually into fields, with only a few tjemara trees
(casuarinea;) here and there.

In these fields European vegetables are cultivated, especially potatoes,
cabbages, maize and onions. These and the tjemara trees give to the
Tenger landscape a peculiarly bare, European character, quite unlike
that of the Preanger volcanoes.

If you are fortunate enough to get there when the Bromo crater is
active, you will see every now and then, and quite suddenly, fantastic,
dense, dark-grey clouds rise above the summit of the mountain, moving
slowly like an apparition, and then steadily spreading into many curling
peaks, v\ hich resemble huge mounds of dirty wadding. When at last
they manage to get free from the mountain edge, they assume the most
peculiarly deceptive appearances, and float slowly away toward the west,
whilst some fine oblique streaks at the bottom indicate the volcanic ash,
of which the cloud of smoke disburdens Itself. The dull roaring, which
accompanies these periodical eruptions, may often be heard at a con-
siderable distance.

Tosari, standing on a small promontory of the Tengger ridges,
is the highest health resort of Java, and is famous for its cool, and at
the same time dry, mountain climate, which makes it especially suitable
for the cure of malaria and nervous complaints.

From the balcony outside the conversation-room, one of the most
magnificent views of East Java may be obtained. Right before us lies
the strait of Madoera, bordered on the south and west by the continent of
Java. The lowland, with its numerous fish-ponds and rice-fields, covered
with water, shines and sparkles just like the smooth surface of the sea
itself, which gives one the impression of the latter everywhere penetrating
into the very heart of the land. The island of Madoera is only distinctly
visible in clear west monsoon weather. To the left, from north to south,
we observe three mountains, viz. the sugar-loaf shaped Penanggoengan,
the Ardjoeno with its five summits, and the Kawi with its three peaks.

All round Tosari are seen campongs on the projecting edges of the
mountain ridges, with pecuHarly-shaped houses. These are the dwelling-
places of the Tenggerese, a race of Javanese that remained true to their
old, half-Brahma, half-Heathen religion. It was on the spreading of the
Islam, and the downfall of the realm of Madjapahit, that they
retreated to these mountain ridges, which in those days were hardly

131

accessible, and where they managed to hold their ground in spite of all
difficulties. The Tenggerese, though kind and honest, are a rather
ignorant and uncultivated race. The strict etiquette of the Javanese is
unknown to them, and they are free and familiar in their manners
towards strangers. In the surrounding districts of Tosari this familiarity
has, through the conduct of visitors themselves, changed into downright
impudence and covetousness

They dwell en famille in large, square houses without windows
and with only one door. The long side of these houses faces the Crater
Bromo, which they worship. The passages between the houses are
very clean, though the interior is the reverse, as are the inhabitants
themselves, who, in consequence of the cool climate and the scarcity of
water, seldom if ever bathe. They occupy .themselves in cultivating
vegetables, and till their fields with great care and industry, even along '
the slopes of the steep mountains. They have almost entirely stripped
the Tengger of its original forest, leaving only here and there a single I
tjemara tree for the necessary fuel. ."i

Anatural consequence of this is that the rainfall upon the Tengger
has decreased, the water running away too quickly, which, added to the
existing dryness of the climate of East Jav.a, causes lack of water.
Whilst formerly the houses were compactly built of various and beautiful
kinds of wood, we ntjw see them built of nothing but bamboo, and even
this material the Tenggerese have to drag with the greatest difficulty from
the ravines, along steep hewn-out mountain paths. The Tenggerese do '
not cultivate rice, because during their retreat before the Mahomedans,
they were forbidden to do so. They bring their vegetables down on strong
little mountain ponies. The whole of East Jaa/a is provided with veget-
ables from the Tengger.

Visitors, more particularly those who have already passed some time
in the tropical climate, should know that they fnust be very careful when
bathing for the first time in the cold mountain water, as it is apt to cause
dangerous catarrhs. They should also see that they are warmly clad, and
have warm coverings at night.

The number of delightful walks and rides' one can take from Tosari
is practically unlimited, the beauty of the scenery being of the very
finest all around.

Of the longer trips we w ill only mention the following :

1. To the Bromo Crater, the return journey taking about seven
and a half hours ; a description of which is given below.

2. To the summit of the Penandjaan, which commands a splendid
view of the mountain district around and the Sand Sea beneath. One

133

Photo: Knvkcljicn, Sourabaya.

K^.^

J'liiild ; Kiirkiljidii, Soumbauit.

•34

should try to be up there by sunrise in order to see tlie shroud
of. mist rising from the Sand Sea. The Penandjaas being con-
siderably higher than the Bromo, it is possible from its summit to look
some way down into the crater of the latter volcano, whilst during part
of the way the traveller catches frequent glimpses of the Sand Sea below.

Upon the whole this trip (seven hours) affords more magnificent
scenery than the one to the Bromo Crater, whilst it is decidedly less
fatiguing.

3. To Nongkodjadjar, a health resort at an altitude of, about 4200
feet.

This excursion (seven hours) derives its interest, ipainly from the
descent down the famous Gletek Pass, undoubtedly one of the grandest
mountain passes in Java. After the bareness of the Tosari scenery the
densely-wooded mountain-sides here offer quite an agreeable change.

4. To the Smeroe Lakes, lying about 9000 feet above sea-level.

Starting from Tosari at daybreak the ne.arest- lake-^ELanoe Pagi —
may easily be reached before sunset, a strong pony being even able to
carry the traveller to the further lake — Ranoe Koembala'i^before dark.

As no habitations of any kind for miles around eiiist,, one. .has to fit
oneself out with a tent, provisions, guides, etc., which can be obtained
at the Tosari Sanatorium. Taking three days for this excursion, night
should be passed on the shore of Ranoe Pagi, reaching Ranoe Koembala
— the larger and more beautiful of the two — the next morning (about
four hours' riding) and returning to Ranoe Pagi on the sarne day. Th;-
home journey to Tosari may be comfortably accomplished on the third
day. - - '

5. To the Smeroe Crater, the highest voKano in Java (12,300 feet).

This expedition can be thought of only by stout climbers' with
perfectly sound heart and lungs, as several steep mountain-sides have to
be negotiated on foot. To accomplish the journey with any degree of
comfort, five days are necessary.

The particulars of this excursion will be found dealt with in a
separate booklet obtainable at the Sanatorium.

It is advisable to start before sunrise, on horseback, equipped with
large hat, gloves, and gauze \'eil to protect your skin from scorching.

The road gradually ascends through cabbage, potato, onion, and
Indiancorn-fields, with a young tjemara tree here and there and some fine
blooming shrubs.

'35

If It be remarkable in itself to see so many different blooming shrubs
together in the Dutch East Indies, still more surprising it is to observe
the similarity to European mountain plants of Alpine character, such as
Wolf's milk, mint, blackberries, rhododendruns, camomile, dandelion,
wood violets, valerian, edelweiss, wild mignonette, strawberrits,
brambles, stinging-nettles, for-get-me-nots, sorrel, etc.

Half-way en route to the iMoengal Pass a magnificent perspective
opens out in the south. There we see a volcanic peak, grand Smeroe,
standing in all its nakedness, and basking in the golden rays of the
morning sun.

It appears as if painted in vivid colours against the beautifully blue
expanse, rising from an irregular girdle of olive-green tjemara woods.
From time to time a white cloud of smoke ascends from the west, similar
in shape and movement to that of the Bromo.

After a ride of about two hours we reach the Moengal Pass. Here
the road divides, the left one leading up a steep path to a small plateau,
on which stands a little hut. On the top, suddenly, and quite unex-
pectedly, an overwhelmingly beautiful spectacle is revealed to the
astonished eye. This is the \iew over the Zandzee (sea of sand), with its
volcanoes Batok, Bromo and W'idodaren. Standing on the edge of a
steep precipice we see below us in the valley an extensive lake, as smooth
as a mirror which, howevr, is not filled with \\«ater, but with a yellowish-
grey desert sand. Out of this sandy plain rise the three separate moun-
tains ; the Batok, with radiating ribs and cur\;es, scalloped bases, and a
softly indented, fiat top, so regularly shaped that we might fancy we saw
before us a gigantic pudding mould.

Behind the Batok, partly obscured by it, a murky, fantastically-
carved ridge is seen, evidently enclosing a deep cave, as a portion of the
steep, precipitous, and pitch-dark inside can be observed, set off against
the green declivity of the Batok. This is the "furnace" of the crater
Bronio, from \\ hich emerge alternately vapourish light-blue clouds of
smoke, or enormous black ones, varying in hue according to the activity
of the volcano.

These ashy-grey, bare, mountain ridges border on similarly shaped
verdant ribs pending downwards from a graduall) rising brink, to the
west, which is the north crater wall of the Wi'dodaren.

Behind and almost entirely hidden by this triple mountain complex
standing in the sandy plain, we obser\e a high, steep wall rising with an
irregular border. This is the Id^r-Id^r. To the left (east) this border ^^•ill
of the Sand Sea suddenly slopes down into a much lower and perfectly
straight bulwark, which reminds one of a dyke wrought by human hands,

136

running parallel to the Id^r-ld^r, and to the Moengal (the northern moun-
tain ridge upon which the traveller is standing. The latter wall, we see,
extends in a fantastic and declivitous manner right and left. To the right
it becomes, by means of hill ranges, connected with the Idfer-Idfer, and the
south-west border of the Widodaren. To the left, it rises with a row of
continually graduating tops, to the Penandjaan (2770 M.), and the
Argawoelan, which obstruct the view on that side. The Idfer-Idfer

also reaches its highest point close above the connecting dyke towards the
east, called Goenoeng-Poendaq-Lemboe (2628 M.). The dyke itself is
called the Tjemara-Lawang, or the Gate of the Spirits.

Right across it an extensive view is obtained. In bright weather we
can see the notched edge of the Ijang mountain and the clean cone of the
Lamongan, which is always smoking. To the south, of course, is the
majestic cone of Smeroe ; thus there are three working volcanoes close to
each other. The following explanation with regard to this landscape is
generally accepted. -

The Dasar, Sand Sea, is the bottom of the gigantic crater of a no less
gigantic volcano, the Tengger. The crater is surrounded by a circular
wall, of which, in the north-east, a small part has been cut away. The
rounded sides form, on the north the Moengal, and on the south the
Ider-Ider. The interruption of the circuitous crater wall by the linear
dyke Tjemara-Lawang is evidently the result of an eruption which caused
the mountain to split to the very foot, and allowed the mud and lava to
run from the crater through the gap into the valley, while the high north
and south walls (Moengal and Idfer-Id^r) stretch far away in an easterly
direction, past the Sand Sea along the whole mountain slope, like the
side walls of a mountain rift that kept getting lower. This rift is the
ravine of the Kali-Bates.

When the working of this giant crater had decreased, or entirely
ceased, new craters formed in its interior. There are four of these, three
of which lie upon one volcanic cleft, running in a S.W. — N.E. direction
along the head-axis of the Sand Sea, which at the same time is the middle-
line of the ravine of Kali-Bates. They form iiiner and outer circles, and
have apparently risen consecutively — the Widodaren, the Giri (which seen
from the north is hidden by the former), and the Bromo.

The fourth, the Batok, lies north of the great eruption-cleft, stands
by itself, and is quite undamaged. A fifth small volcano, the Goenoeng-
Kembang, lies south of the Giri, and forms, apparently, the highest point
of the Widodaren. The crater-bottoms of the Widodaren and the Giri
we find as small sand lakes between their partly-destroyed surroundings.
They are called the Segara-wedi Kidoel and the Segara-wedi Lor. The

137

138

Giri has destroyed the east edge of the Widodaren, and cast' itself up
again inside its crater, to gi\ e place in its turn, on the east side, to the
Bromo, rising as an outward touching crater. A deathlike silence reigns
over this spectacle of the destructive forces of the earth ; the mysterious
quietness of the greyish-green mountain-sides and the bleak sandy desert,
is undisturbed by the metallic rustling of the wind through the tjemaras,
a sound that makes one think of the approach of a train.

Sometimes we are surprised by the sound of voices from the other
side of the sandy plain, but we seek in vain for human beings. If we
accidentally distinguish a pedestrian or horseman in the midst of the
Dasar, then, and not till then, does it strike us what gigantic dimensions
that plain and also the surrounding mountain-sides must have. Every-
thing is too light, too clear, too peaceful, too silent to bring home to the
spectator that inside the bowels of those apparently slumbering mountains
are hidden the blazing crucibles of the earth. But the consciousness of
their presence gives to the extraordinarily bautiful landscape, something
mysterious and thrilling. The conviction that the rest and stillness arc
deceptive and treacherous, fills us with wonder and awe.

If we happen to be present at an eruption of the Bromo, then, of
course, tjie aspect is totally different. The blkck volumes of smoke rise
wih a roaring noise, and with tremendous speed, whilst a shower of
stones and lava falls in and around the crater, and the thundering voice
of the volcano between the trembling rocks is terrible. All of a sudden
it ceases, as if listening in astonishment to the overwhelming silence that
reigns around, whilst the soft entwining "folds of smoke float away like a
mountain spirit clad in a garb of fleecy white.

The descent to the Sand Sea is along a very steep zig-zag path, which
is rather too dangerous and difficult for horses, so it is safer to dismount.

At the top of the stair-Jike path we discover, on both sides of the
hill ranges, small vault-like holes, dug by human hands. These are the
places where the Tenggerese sacrifice to their Dewas, or spirits, when
setting foot on the dwelling-places of these invisible beings.

On the precipitous Moengal Pass we often go by scooped-out walls,
where we have occasion to observe how the whole mass that forms the
crater wall, consists of parallel sloping layers of volcanic sand, lava and
stones (hardened mud or coagulated lava). This makes it apparent, that
at least the more superficial layers, that build up the Tengger, have fallen
and settled there by consecutive eruptions of the Sand Sea crater. When
those eruptions decreased so much in violence, that they no longer burst
up the whole bottom of the crater and threw it over the wall, the four
mountains that are now to be seen, raised themselves, one after the other
on a crack in that bottom.

139

To reach the Bronio, it is necessary to ride round the west and north
sides of the Batok. When doing so, we fancy, from time to time, that
we are riding in a desert. The grey sand sparkles in the sun, sends up
whirhng eddies in the trembUng hot layers abo\e its surfaces, and causes
a mirage that reminds one of the fata morgana.

Here and there -grow greyish heather and lank cypress grass. The
Roedjak, the south part of the Sand Sea, is better covered with a thick
grass carpet and ferns. Here graze hundreds of half-wild horses, that
run about entirely free. At times we observe their bones lying about here
and there, which is a sign that a dying horse is sometimes attacked and
de\ oured by wild dogs, called adjak.

Should dark clouds gather over the Tjemara-Lawang, and float
slowly over the soitly-rimpled waves of sand and hillocks that have been
swept there by the wind, then we imagine ourselves suddenly removed to
the shores of the North Sea, and fancy we breathe the chilly air of a misty
Autumn day.

On arriving at the east side, the Bromo appears in its entire circum-
ference as a gigantic, naked, compact belt of lava, with sharp edges and
deeply-notched and carved slopes. A labyrinth of rounded sand-hills,
confusedly mingled together, has been washed away from its foot, by the
water. The shining tops of these hills, hardened by the sun, are marked
out like the lining of square tarpaulins against the opaque grey slopes
caused by the rain. These rain gullies begin about the middle of the
slope. Higher up it gets steeper, and covered all over with volcanic ashes.

From one point of this border we observe wooden stairs which run
up to the edge of the crater. These stairs are renewed by the Tenggerese
once a year, when the great Bromo festivities take place, which they cele-
brate in honour of their principal god, Dewa-Soelan-Iloe, in the month of
May. Thousands of people camp on this occasion on the Sand Sea at the
foot of the Bromo, whilst their priests, dressed in odd robes made of
different highly coloured patchwork, and adofned with rough cabalistic
figures, ascend the stairs and throw offerings into the crater. Dried Indian
corn-stalks, palm leaves, empty match boxes, and other remains remind
one long afterwards of the presence of these cr-owds.

the huge pieces of stone spread about the Bromo and upon its slopes,
are the result of extraordinary violent eruptions. They consist of dark
lava, intermingled with large sparkling crystals. The ascent of the
Bromo (only 220 M. above the surface of the Sand Sea) is very easy, and
unattended with danger, unless at the time of the before-mentioned violent
eruptions, which are, however, very rare. We can go on horseback as
far as the stairs.

T40

Arrived at the top, we look down into a steep crater to a depth of at
least 200 metres, without a sharply-deiiried bottom. Far below in the
depth, fumaroles and solfatara are boiling and foaming ; blue sulphurous
fumes rise to the surface, whilst small streams of ashes are hurled with a
whizzing, rumbling noise along the smooth walls and back again into
the depth. It is possible, but not easy to walfc along a small upper ledge
entirely round the crater. Having reached the highest point, on the side
of the Segara-wedi Loi', we can from there look into this latter crater
bottom, which forms a sand sea in the shape of a crescent.

Those who wish to see as much as possible of the Tengger mountains
within a short space of time, would do well after having ascended the
Bromo, to push on immediately, across the inner wall of the Tjemara-
Lawang, to Ngadisari, the highest village of the Tengger, where a rest-
house (pasangrahan) affords a good opportunity for passing the night.
The little village is splendidly situated on a small mountain ridge formed
by the rivulets that run into the large crevice of the Tjemara-Lawang, and
have dug out ravines, which admit of a view into the structure of the
deeper layers of the volvanic mass, that consist of a bright coloured lava
stor>e, interspersed with soft tufa. If not too fatigued, we may, after
having partaken at Ngadisari of the customary rice-meal (rijst tafel), ride
on to Soekapoera, along the beautiful path that follows with precipitous
slopes and bold leaps, the ravine of the rivulet or brook, the Prahoe. To
the left, we first have the huge piles of the Goenoeng-Penandjaan and the
Argawoelan ; next the latter suddenly protrudes as if it would obstruct the
road, but the path opens itself a way through a narrow crevice at the foot
of the mountain, to descend into the valley of Soekapoera which gets
gradually wider.

The tjemaras give way to all kinds of wiM foliage that, in turn, but
too. soon, change into extensive coffee plantations. However, the
delightful coolness of these dark-green plantations somewhat compen-
sates the tired horseman for their monotonous gloom.

For /6. — we hire a cariage (which must be ordered beforehand) by
means of which we can reach Probolinggo before sunset.

[ L < JU <«l -U I . I .»ll*l l ll il|» > ll» JVi ""^cVi

Bas Eelief. Boro Boedoer.
(41

Fhotos: Kleinorotho, Medon-Dcli.

143

SUMATRA.

Sumatra is one of the largest and most important islands of the
Dutch Indies, lying to the N.W. of Java and separated from the latter by

the picturesque Sunda Straits. Sumatra
MEDAN-DELI has an area ot 167,563 square miles.

Numerous small islands are .dotted around
it, the more prominent being Banka and Billiton. Communication is
maintained by means of the very comfortable K.P.M. steamers, "Rum-
phius" and "van Noort," from Batavia and also direct from Singapore,
which is situated due east across the Malacca Straits.

The first place of importance on the east coast visited by the
K.P.M. is Palembang, on the banks of the Moesi River. The town is
very interesting. All the native houses are erected on piles some distance

above the ground,
while along the
water-front are
moored hundreds of
raft dwellings, ris-
ing and falling with
the movements of
the tides. The scene
on the broad river
is full of interest,
quaintly shaped
canoes passing and
repassing, while the
bronzed attendants, clad in bright-hued garments, furnish a dis-
tinctly eastern colour. Many delightful trips can be made on this
fine river through thickly-wooded country. Resuming the voyage,
one passes the island of Banka and proceeds northwards through
the Straits of Berhala and Doerian. The latter is studded with a number
of small richly-wooded islands forming the Lingga Archipelago, through
which the steamer ploughs her way. Soon one reaches the port of Bela-
wan, the harbour of Medan Deli ; crossing the bar at the mouth of the
river, the anchorage of the K.P.M, Company's steamers, adjoining the
Railway Station, comes into sight; ■ After passing through the Custom
House and crossing the overhead bridge, we reach the station where we
entrain for Medan, some 25 miles distant. In about fifty minutes we
arri\'e at the town and secure accommodation at either of the two large
hotels, the de Boer or the Medan Hotel. The town itself, situated on the
Deli River, is well laid out, and possesses a fine club, several hotels, many
handsome buildings, and is in every respect up-to-date. The principal

'43

commercial houses, banks, post and telegraph offices and municipal
buildings occupy the four sides of a large square in the centre of the town.
Originally a private garden, intended for the fecreation of the daughters
of the Sultan of Deli, this square is now the favourite evening promenade
of Medan. l^pon the green sward in the evenings football matches are
played and a native band discourses pleasant music. Smart up-to-date
vehicles are seen dashing past containing well-dressed people and oc-
casionally a fair equestrienne joins the throng. The scene is a particularly
gay one and the many handsome equipages and motor cars with their
gaily-attired occupants, impress the visitor as to the prosperity of this
flourishing city. The streets are well kept and clean, and the whole town,
being lighted with electricity, gives a distinctly European effect to the
scene. Within the last few years the town has be-
come a municipality, and the prominent local men
associated with it have accomplished many improve-
ments.

A visit should be paid to the Palace of the Sultan
— built in Moorish style — the fine Chinese temple, the
Mahomedan mosque and the private zoological collec-
tion belonging to the Chinese captain at Pulo Brian.
Medan is also the seat of the Resident of the East
Coast of Sumatra, the Residency itself being a very
fine building. Deli, as well as the three neighbouring
States of Langkat, Asahan and Serdang, are famous
for the excellence of the tobacco leaf it produces. Other
products are Liberian coffee, rubber, pepper and cocoa-
nuts. From Langkat, benzine and kerosene oils are
exported in large quantities, and in this industry, as
well as in rubber, Sumatra has an assured future. The
population of the East Coast is about 700,000, of
which total the Malays and Chinese are greatly
A trip can be made to the coastal town of Tandjong
Balei per steamer along the broad Asahan River and from there down the
river to its junction with the Pane River to Laboean Bilik. From here
the K.P.M. steamers leave direct for Singapore or via Bengkalis and Siak
along the coast.

The short journey by boat to the principal tow n on the \\'est Coast of

Sumatra, Padang, is full of interest and the beautiful views en route

the picturesque Sunda Straits and the numerous
PADANG verdure-clad islands seemingl)' floating on a sea of
glass— will strongly appeal to the artistic tastes of
the traveller. The bold rugged coast line abundantl}- clothed with vegeta-
tion offers views of magnilicent mountains, range upon range, until their

144

A Native Woman.
Sumatra.

in the majority.

3 beli'3 Old i

"2-

Photo : Vervloet, Medan Deli

145

summits are lost in phantastically shaped clouds. The scenery is wild and
beautiful. Landing at Emma Harbour, the seaport of Padang^some six
miles from the town — the train carries us across the Padang River and in
twenty minutes we arrive at the station, where carriages await us from
. the two hotels (Atjeh and Oranje). The town itself is beautifully laid out ;
the streets lined with avenues of fine tre^s, and the first impressions are
most agreeable. Two well appointed clubs are located here ; the sani^
tary arrangements of the town are excellent and the climate, although
hot, is very healthy. Imposing mountains are seen bounding the town
on two sides, whilst the other two face the calm waters of the Indian
Ocean. The residences, mainly constructed of wood, are erected on

Emmaliaven, Sumatra.

piles in spacious grounds, well ornamented with flower beds and great
shade trees. The town itself has few attractions to offer the tourist, and
after visiting the Square of Rome, the club houses and the native quarters
the visitor is ready to proceed to Padang, some twenty-four miles
distant by train. Away to the north-east of Padang^ are situated the
Oembilin coal fields, connected with the town by a railway running
north to Padang and there turning south past the beautiful lake
of Singkarah to Solok. The three hours' jaurney to Padang is full
of interest, the wild rugged scener)- of the Aneh Pass providing scenes of
unusual beauty. Huge mountains tower on either side, their lordly crests
clothed with rich vegetation, whilst far below, glimpses of the mighty
Aneh are obtained, sweeping onward to the sea. From Kajoe-Tanam

146

the rack-rail system commences and, as the engine is attached to the rear
of the train, an uninterrupted view of the magnificent scenery is obtained
from the leading carriage. Just before reaching Padang Pandjang the
imposing volcano, Merapi, is observed. The small town, lying on a
plain almost destitute of trees, possesses a comfortable, though small,
hotel (Merapi) and a fine little military club, an introduction to which may
be obtained from the Assistant-Resident. Many interesting excursions
can be made to the beauty spots in the vicinity. The climate is all that
can be desired and the morning walks in the cool invigorating mountain
air riiost enjoyable. Wishing to ascend the Merapi, notice should be
given to the Laras, chief of the Soengei-Poera, at least one day in
advance in order to provide coolies, guides and accommodation, as the
night must be spent at a hut some distance from the summit of the
mountain.

From Padang Pand-
^ ' ' '''""'^^^HB , adHSBS^M j^'^ng the rack-rail runs

" ' " north towards Fort de

"Kock, and taking train
the visitor proceeds to
I-iota-Bahroe, ' where cars
convey him some six miles
to the chief's house (/5
return). From here the
ascent of the volcano is
begun through dense jun-
gles, and just before dark,
the hut (where the night
is passed) is reached.
After an early breakfast we push on again, and in two hours
attain the summit, where we peep into the crater. Clouds of
vapour rise from a depth of nearly 300 feet, and the silence is
broken by the dull roaring of the sulphur fumes in their ascent.
From here a magnificent panorama unfolds itself and an uninter-
rupted view north, west, and south is obtained. The descent takes
about three hours. A pleasant walk leads through the Aneh Pass
to the Kandang-Ampat Station, returning by rail. Excursions can be
made to the lake of Singkarah, to the springs and watering place, Mata
Koetjing and to the Singgiang mountain, north-east of the town. Re-
suming our trip northward to Fort de Kock through fine mountainous
scenery and thickly populated districts the town is reached in about two
hours. It is very prettily situated on a fertile plain, with huge mountains
loornirlg in the background. A large military encampment is established
here, and the town possesses one hotel, a school for native teachers, a

147

Fadaug. Sumatra.

Native Villages,

large native market and a racecourse. The climate is cool and healthy
and from here excursions can be made to Kota-Gedang, to Kota-Bahroe,
and to the beautiful crater-lake of Manindjoe, about thirteen miles to
the west ol the town. This trip can be made by native cart (fi6 to /20) or
on horseback {/5, there and back in about seven hours) or, if preferred, a
night can be spent al Matoer, where a fairly comfortable rest-house is
provided ; charge, /s- The road is very steep in places, and close to

148

the town the two rivers, Masang and Si-anok, have worn a broad gully
(Karbouwengat or Buffalo Gully) about 150 feet wide into the soft tuff
stone. Rugged walls, some 400 feet high, bare of vegetation, line the
course of the rivers, in the centre of which an island-hill rises 245 feet in
the air. The lake itself is eleven miles long, five miles broad, and about
500 feet deep ; steep crater walls rise abruptly from the blue waters, and
the scene is calm and beautiful. Luxuriant vegetation clothes the pre-

149

cipitous crater walls, ranging in height from 800 to 4000 feet, and from
where a distant view is obtained of the sea. An interesting trip by rail is
to Paja-Kombo, where a great market day is held every Sunday, in a
spacious "pasar" enclosed by stone galleries. Here some thousands of
nati\ es may be seen attired in bright-hued sarongs (in some cases woven
of gold and silver thread) and wearing gold bracelets, breast-plates, ear-
rings, etc. From here a trip can be made to the black marble quarries
at Soeliki, north of the village. The accommodation is limited to a small
wooden house with a few rooms, but the table is fairly good. Returning
to Fort de Kock and thence to Padang Pandjang we follow the main line
solith past the lake of Singaikarah to Solok and then to the coalfields of
Sawah Loento. The lake is extremely beautiful and covers an area of
about seventy-five square miles. From the train running along its eastern
boundary excellent views are obtained and at one time the whole width
of the lake is observed. Passing through the village of Singkarah, sur-
rounded by picturesque rice fields, in about two hours we reach Solok,
a small rising village, containing a hotel, a few houses for Government
officials and a small garrison of soldiers. From Solok the journey is
continued northwards to the coal fields, between steep, hilly ranges, and
here access to the pits may be arranged through the courtesy of the
manager. There are three seams of coal six and a half feet thick lying
above each other at distances of eighty feet at a slope of eight degrees.1
Main galleries have been bored and connected by intersecting passages
and small tracks convey the coal down gradients to an iron shed 150 feet
long, where it is washed and sifted. Many buildings cover the steep
slopes and everywhere reigns bustle and activity. The coal is taken by
rail to Padang and shipped from there. A road, fifty-four miles long, con-
nects with Padang, and although very steep slopes are encountered, is
practicable for conveyances, costing from /40 to /50. The return journey
to Padang by rail occupies about seven hours, and boarding tbe steamer
at Emmahaven we steam along the picturesque coast towards Batavia,
Galling at the prett>' little town, Benkoelen, charmingly situated on the
seashore. Formerly occupied by the. British it has an English appearance
and the .small town is neat and clean; the fort, dating from the English
period, is now garrisoned by a company of Dutch infantry. From this
point it is possible to journey right across Sumatra by motor car to the
East Coa.st and the Moesi River and catching the small ri\-er steamer,
proceed to Palembang, where the K.P.M. steamers call. A railway is
now in course of construction which is to connect Telok Setong, the-
sputhern-most port of Sumatra, with Palembang, and ultimately with
Padang, while the K.P.M. maintains a ferry service between Telok
Setong and Anjer, the Terminus of the Java railways, thus linking up
the JaAa and Sumatra railway systems.

150

] BORNEO.

This Island, with an area of about 290,000 square miles, is situated
fairly in the centre of the Dutch East Indies Archipelago, and, with the
exception of Australia, is the second largest island in the world. It is
separated by the Straits of Macassar from the Island of Celebes.

Its inhabitants number about two and a half million people, the
major portion of whom are included in the territory, belonging to the
Dutch, who occupy about 200,000 square miles, while the British pos-
sessions extend over 50,000 square miles, and Ihat of the British North
Borneo (chartered) Company over 30,000 square miles.

Balik Papan, East Borneo.

The Island is very mountainous, some ranges rising some 9000 feet
abov€ sea level, and is, as yet, only partially explored. The climate
is not as trying as might be expected, although humid ; but the tropical
insects, such as stinging ants, mosquitos, sand-flies, etc., make an
unpleasant addition to everyday existence. The forests abound with
animal life of every description, from the large orang outang and long-
nosed ape to the rhinoceros, elephant, deer, wild oxen and panther. The
flora is magnificent in its luxuriant profusion, and in the woods abound
pheasants, partridges, parrots, doves, etc.

The inhabitants are principally natives, with a fair percentage of
Chinese and Arabs.

The products include bananas, pineapples, melons, pumpkins,

151

cucumbers, cinnamon, pepper, nutmegs, cloves, betel nuts, the delicious
mangosteen (a kind of peach), also tobacco, cotton, sugar, camphor,
rubber, etc.

Of late years mining has been successfully carried on, oil forming no
inconsiderable part of that industry, the port for export being Balik
Papan.

CELEBES.

The extensive shipping facilities offered by the Royal Packet Steam
Navigation Company (K.P.M.) make it possible for tourists to visit the
whole of the Molucca Archipelago with east and comfort.

A K.P.M. steamer Loading Wood, Celebes.

The Island of Celebes is reached from Sourabaya in about thirty-six
hours, and from Macassar, the principal port, a number of highly inter-
esting and pleasure excursions can be undertaken by steamer, the route
practically encircling the whole of the Island.

SINGAPORE.

Singapore, the capital of the British Straits Settlements, is situated

on an island of the same name, east of Sumatra and separated from the

mainland by a narro\v„strait some three-quarters

SINGAPORE. of a mile in width. The city is built on the

shores of a beautiful and extensive harbour well

protected, owing to its excellent position, from, adverse winds, and may

be likened to the intersection of very busy streets. For here all shipping

from the Eastern and Western Hemispheres must cross, which has given

rise to the name of "The Cross Roads."

Entering this picturesque harbour, a loxely \iew is unfolded before
the c\e. Groves of \erdant cocoanut palms line the gentlv-sloping
coast lines, their leafy crowns swaying gracefully in the soft breeze;

spiall canoes float on the calm, blue waters, and in the distance loom the
white spires of the city. Ships of all nations lie alongside the spacious
wharves, and a landing is quickly effected.

Singapore being a free port, the traveller experiences no delay
with Customs examination. The wharves are some two miles in
length, and at all periods of the year present a busy and animated
spectacle. Everywhere gangs of coolies hurry to and from the
large steamers laden with miscellaneous burdens ; hundreds of canoes,
each with its brorized crew, line the water's edge. The bustle and
confusion of the busy scene is indelibly imprinted on the mind.
Obliging porters of the different hotels are in attendance at the
docks, and, securing a gharri or rickshaw, the visitor is driven to the
city, about two miles distant.

6mge)^pore^

Founded by Sir Stamford Rafifles in 181.9, the city of to-day has
much to be proud of, as its fine streets are lined with splendid buildings,
and even in the native quarters moderh residences are to be seen. On
the outskirts of the city, on a small hill, stands the Governor's Palace,
in a charming, well laid-out park.

A magnificent thoroughfare, the pride of the city, fronts the outer
harbour, and well-shaded avenues on the foreshore provide a fashionable
promenade. A military band discourses excellent music, and the throng
of well-dressed people create a picture of singular attractiveness. In
the centre of the town is the Commercial Square, where most of the banks,
the financial institutions and leading commercial houses are situated.
It is about 200 yards long by 50 yards wide,, with garden plots in the
centre, and, with the adjacent streets, forms the hub of business life in
Singapore. The shops are large, handsomely fitted, lavishly stocked;
capable of supplying almost any want. The most notable buildings are

153

the City Hall, the Cathedral of St. Andrew's, the Roman Catholic
Cathedral, the Raffles Museum and Library and the Hongkong and
Shanghai Bank. Along the esplanade are the principal hotels, Raffle's

Baffle's Hotel. Singapore.

Hotel, Hotel de L'Europe and the Adelphi, and near the landing-stage
on the quay stands the fine post and telegraph offices and a club replete
with modern conveniences. Within easy distance of the town are the
Botanical Gardens where one may wander among shady palms, beautiful
flowers and magnificent tropical vegetation of all kinds — a \eritable
Paradise. Connected with the Gardens is a Zoo where a great \ ariety
of animals from the Malay Peninsula may be observed. One of the
greatest attractions of Singapore is its busy street scenes, and here the
reflective student of human nature will find abundant food for contem-
plation ; every thoroughfare is thronged with a motley crowd of humanity,
passing and repassing, the gay head-dresses and bright-hued sarongs
of the Javanese relieved by the flowing white garments of the stately
Arab. Surging through the traffic at his peculiar trot comes the bland
Chinee, making little of the obstacles in his path, followed by grim-
visaged, soldier-like Sikhs, Malays, Tamils, Siamese, Burmese, Cingalese,
Parsees, Malabars, Sasars, rich and poor, of high caste and low, each
playing his small part in the great game of life upon this temporary
stage.

Singapore has a fine system of electric trams traversing the water-
front and city, and a Government railway line connects with a ferry to
Johore, some fourteen miles distant; trains leave e\ery hour, and the
return fare is $2.00. Other public conveyances are hackney coaches and
rickshaws.

154

Biennial race meetings are held in May and October on the pretty
racecourse on a plain to the east of Government Hill.

In the rear of the town is built a large fort (Fort Canning) well-
equipped with modern batteries and commanding the entire harbour,
but it is almost impossible to obtain permission to view these, and the
taking of photographs is forbidden under pain of heavy penalties.

South of the fort is an Interesting old 'tomb, found by accident
-whilst the jungle was being cleared on the out-skirts of the fort. A lofty
grove of trees surrounds the tomb which ife much venerated by the
Mohammedans, and within a vessel containing incense has been burning
for the last fifty years. A very fine view of the town and harbour is
obtained from the summit of Bukit Timah Hill, about 519 feet high.

A visit should be paid to the native quarters, also in the evening to
the Chinese Theatre where, to the discordant sounds of music, the
Chinese drama is enacted. Other places of interest are the fine Museum
in Stamford Road containing a splendid collection of zoological and
ethnological specimens connected with Malaysia. An early morning
walk to one of the fine, large markets wherein fish of all kinds are dis-
played will be found in.structive.

A nice excursion is that to the Sultanate of Johore. A motor ride
to Woodlands and thence by comfortable ferry steamer across the
narrow strait to Johore will be much enjoyed. The internal affairs of the
territory are in the hands of the present Sultan, assisted by a Council of
State, although internationally the State is under the Protection of the
British Government.

Among the various attractive sights we mention a beautiful mosque,
the four corners surmounted by fine towers, the gambling saloons with
their cosmopolitan crowds, and the Sultan's Palace armoury and crown
jewels, which are of wondrous beauty. Permission to view may be
obtained from the manager of the fine hotel maintained by His Highness.

The climate of Singapore although hotSs healthy and considerably
tempered by refreshing rainfalls; the average temperature being 81°. The
difference between winter and summeir, however, is only two degrees !
Rain falls on about' 180 days in the year, the month of January being
particularly wet.

Special Notice

of shippers and merchants generally is drawn to the firm ol C. A.
Fairland, of 59 Pitt Street, Sydney, Australia, who, as Customs,
Forwarding and Shipping Agents, are thoroiighly to be relied upon.
The firm also acts as General Insurance Brokers.

15s

i;6

I lyx •^x-'^'v-, "^

Bas Relief. Boro Boedoer.

Section II.

CHAPTER 1.

Commercial Section — Business Notices.

The commercial interests of Java, Sumatra and the Dutch Indies
generally are of such magnitude that it would require a large volume
of its own, to deal with this important subject.

As the purpose of this work is, primarily, to point out the many
wonderful advantages of these isles for the tourist and sight-seer, we
purpose merely to take a cursory glance at the commercial life of these
countries and to mention, in condensecj form, some of the business houses,
who have added by their enterprise to the general welfare of the com-
munity, and who, at the same time, are of interest to the visitor.

With this object in view, short , articles touching upon shipping,
industries and mercantile matters are offered to the reader for information.

JAVA.

One of the principal factors responsible for the development, pro-
gress and prosperity of Batavia and Java and the Dutch Indies generally,
was, and still is, the establishment and maintenance of a first-class steam-
ship service between Holland and these colonies, which was inaugurated
by the Netherland Line and the Rotterdam Lloyd. A short article, dealing
with the principal feature of these companies, ports of call, etc., will
prove interesting..

The Steam Navigation Company, "Nederland," better known as
the "Nederland" Line, and the Rotterdamsche Lloyd Steamship Com-
pany (Rotterdam Lloyd), in conjunction, maintain a regular weekly mail
service between Holland and her East Indian p^ossessions, under contract
with the Dutch Government.

'57

158

The Nederland Line was established "in 1870, and the Rotterdam
Lloyd in 1883. Although both Companies in the beginning of their
existence met with a considerable amount of trouble and difficulties, they
eventually succeeded in overcoming all obstacles and have grown to
powerful concerns, with a magnificent fleet of steamers.

The Mail Service is maintained by fast, first-class steamers, which
embody in their construction all modern improvements, including wire-
less telegraphy and submarine signalling ; they are recognised as
among the best equipped and most comfortable liners of to-day.

The passenger accommodation is specially comfortable, spacious
cabins, many single berth rooms, electric fans, etc., together with an
efficient service and excellent cuisine, being amongst the principal
features.

The steamers carry the Royal Netherlands and Royal Italian mails
to the Far East.

Through passengers from Australia tranship at Sourabaya or Batavia
and, if wishing to travel overland between these two ports, can obtain
a free railway ticket from the Companies' Agents at Sourabaya (De
Scheepsagentuur for the Nederland Line, and the "International" Co.
for the Rotterdam Lloyd).

Intending passengers from Australia to Europe via Java are par-
ticularly advised to book their passage well in advance, as the home-
going mail steamers are often fully booked for months ahead, especially
during the earlier part of the year.

Although Sourabaya is the terminal port of both mail companies, the
mail service only exten'ds as far as Batavia, which is the final port shown
in the time-tables, and here the mail steamers leave on the home journey,
their departure being fixed for every Wednesday, 5 p.m.

Ihe oversea journey from Batavia to Genoa or Marseilles takes about
23 days, so that London can be reached in 25 days from Batavia, and,
allowing for a week's stay in Java, through passengers from, say,
Sydney, can reach London in seven weeks. North-Queenslanders or
residents of Papua will find the Java route to the Old Country very much
shorter than the one via Sydney, Melbourne and Fremantle, seeing that
the through trip from Cairns, Townsville or Port Moresby to Genoa or
Marseilles via Java (including a whole week in Java) only takes 43 days,
whilst the. Fremantle route, without lengthy stoppages, would take about
the same time and cost considerably more.

159

Return tickets are interchangeable between the two Dutch mail
companies, and passengers going by one and returning by the other line
will find a pleasant diversity in the routes followed. If travelling by the
Nederland Line they will see Singapore, Sabang (a charming island at
the northernmost extremity of Sumatra), Colombo, the Suez Canal and
Genoa, whilst the Rotterdam Lloyd calls at -the beautiful Port of Padang
(west coast of Sumatra), Colombo and Marseilles. If continuing over-
sea instead of overland, passengers by the Nederland Line visit Algiers,
Tangier, Lisbon, Southampton and Amsterdam, and those by the Rotter-
dam Lloyd have an opportunity of seeing Gibraltar, Tangier, Lisbon,
Southampton and Rotterdam. The Rotterdam Lloyd steamers call at
Southampton, Lisbon and Gibraltar on the outward journey, and passen-
gers for London on the homeward journey are provided with a free
passage from Rotterdam by either Flushing or Hook of Holland route.

Descriptive pamphlets, time-tables and handbooks of the Dutch mail
companies may be obtained on application to any Agent of the Royal
Packet S.N. Company throughout Australia, or to their own Agents in
London and the East : —

S.M.N. — Southampton: Messrs. Keller, Wallis & Co. Lisbon- :
Messrs. Ernst George Succ. Genoa : Agenzia Marltima Olandese.
Colombo : Messrs. Aitken, Spence & Co. Singapore and Java : The
Ships Agency, Ltd. (De Scheepsagentuur) ; and all over the world.

R.L. — Southampton: Messrs. Escombe, MacGrath & Co. Lisbon:
Messrs. Ernst George Succ. Marseilles : Messrs. Ruvs & Co.
Colombo: Messrs. Aitken, Spence & Co. Singapore and Java: Inter-
nationale Crediet & Handels, Vereeniging, Rotterdam, and all over the
world.

Sabang.— straits of Malacca.

-Tor passengers desirous of travelling to' Australia from Europe, we
give an outline of a trip as far as Genoa, which is often in request by
holiday-makers, returning overland from that port.

1 60

The starting point of the Nederland Line is Amsterdam, and the
following ports are visited en route: Southamp-ton, Lisbon, Tangier,
Algiers, Genoa, Port Said, Suez, Colombo, Sabang and Singapore to
Java and back, via same ports.

The Rotterdam Lloyd sails from Rotterdam via Southampton,
Lisbon, Tangier, Gibraltar, Marseilles, Port Said, Suez, Colombo and
Padang to Ja\a and back via same ports, excepting Gibraltar, Lisbon
and Southampton.

'Hoogesluis" over
Amstel Eiver.

AMSTERDAM

The steamers of the Nederland Royal Mail Line leave the wharves
of the Company at 12.30 p.m., and passengers are advised to come on
board at about noon. From the Central Station to the landing-stage is
about three-quarters of an hour's walk ; from the Weesperpoort Station
to the Central Station by tram (line 8 or 11) takes about 20 minutes.
There being no tram accommodation from the Central Station to
the landing-stage, passengers will have to go there on foot or take a

cab (ordinary cabs and taxi-
cabs available at both stations).
A steam ferry takes the pas-
sengers from the Handelskade
to the ^'-kade.

Tiokets for entermg the
wharves of the Company and
for coming on board are to .be
had at the entrance at /o. i o (2d. )
and /0.25 (5d.) on the morning
when the steamers leave.

Rijks Museum, AmBterdara.

ifil

To passengers arriving in Amsterdam on the day before the
departure we would" recommend a visit to some of the most notable

features of the town, such as the
* k. Rijks Museum (National Picture

Gallery), the Plantentuin (Botanici
Garden), the Dierentuin, locally
called Artis (Zoological Gardens),
the Stedelijk Museum (Municipal-
Muse u m), the \'ondelpark, the
Koninklijk Paleis (Royal Palace),
St. Nicolas' Cathedral, Amsterdam. etc. They will find no difficulty
in spending a pleasant evening in one of the numerous theatres or
music halls.

Southampton.

The steamers arrive in Southampton at g^bout 2 o'clock on Sunday
afternoon, moor alongside the Extension Pier and leave Southamptoiti

on Tuesday afternoon at i o'clock. Pas-
SOUTHAMPTON. sengers wishing to visit London during.

these two days w ill find a convenient
train for London leaving on

Sunday afternoon at 5.50 . ■- -,_- __:- .

(Docks) ; they may return on
Tuesday morning at 10.15.
from London (Waterloo Sta-
tion) by express train, arri\-
ing at Southampton West
11.52 (Railwa>' time-table
may be had on board). Re-
turn tickets to I^ondon at a " "Z'St Coaching.

1(12

reduced rate may be obtained from the purser on board. If desired,
motor cars with accommodation for four passengers will be engaged
in advance (fares i/- per mile; ^£.^5 5s. for the whole day, maximum 120
miles, and ;^2 12s. 6d. for halt a day, maximum 60 miles). We suggest
the above outing because on Sunday there are hardly any steamers plying
between Southampton and the Isle of Wight, and the services of the well-
known coaches are suspended that day. Passengers nut continuing their
journey per Ned.erland steamer can make a nice excursion via the isles of
Guernsey and Jersey to St. Malo and Granville on the French Coast, or
via Havre and Rouen to Paris.

Lisbon.

The steamers generally arrive at the entrance of the River Tagus
on Friday at daybreak and moor in midstream opposite the town at

about 8 o'clock. As a rule they leave again at 4
LISBON o'clock of the same day. An employee of the

Agency will come on board on arrival of the steamer
for the purpose of making arrangements for conducted tours.
A large steam lauch, be-
longing to the Agency of
the Company, keeps up
communication with the
shore. Passengers should
apply to the purser for a
ticket (i/- each) for going
ashore and returning to the
steamer by this launch.
Those who do not continue

Lisbon.

163

the voyage by the steamer will be landed with their luggage free of
charge.

Tangier Scene,

Generally the steamers arrive at about 2 o'clock on Saturday after-
noon, opposite the town, and leave at about 6 o'clock the same evening.
During these four houre passengers have ample
TANGIER- time to see this interesting Moorish town and
get an idea of life in the Sultanate. Landing
and embarking tickets should be obtained fi;om the purser (i/- each),
thus obviating difficulties with touting boatmen. The steamer lies one
mile from the shore.

The Moorish guides who come on board and wear the badge of the
Company are perfectly trustworthy. Under their guidance passengers
will be absolutely safe and experience no trouble. The necessary horses,
mules or donkeys are always in readiness at the landing-stage. Passen-
gers may join a party conducted by a guide for 5/6 each, and will be
shown the Palace of the Sultan, the Law Courts, the Prison, the Harem

General View of Tangier.

(admittance for ladies only) the large and very interesting market, the
Snake-charmers, etc., the above amount including all charges for horse,

164

mule or donkey toll, and
tea which may be taken at
the termination of the tour
at the Hotel Cecil or in one
of the Arabian coffee-
houses. Those who remain
in Tangier ma\' make
special arrangements for
excursions to Cape Spartel,
Tetuan, etc.

The MQEQue, A.lgier8.

The steamers are timed to arrive at Algiers on Monday morning, at

daybreak, by which passengers are enabled to enjoy the magnificent

panorama of the town in the early morning. At

y^LQJg^f^g about 8 a.m. the steamer is moored alongside the

quay in the harbour, and pasengers may go ashore,

availing themselves either of an improvised landing pontoon or of boats,

for which tickets may be had on board. The steamer sails at noon,

leaving passengers four hours to see the town.

Through the medium of our Agency carriages may be engaged for
an excursion {7/6 each, inclusive of all charges for carriage, guide, tips,
etc.) to the town of Algiers, etc.

Genoa.

GENOA.

The distance from Algiers to Genoa is covered in about forty hours,
so Ihat outward-bound steamers arrive in the harbour early on Wednes-
day morning, where they moor at their berth alongside the Ponte

i6s

Guglielmo. After obtaining permission, passengers may go ashore and
probably, before returning home, will spend a few days in Genoa and
environs.

The town has many points of interest, such as the numerous
Palaces and the Campo Santo, etc., and is, besides, a good starting-
point for a visit to the Italian Riviera.

An excursion to Rapallo and the Portofino Kulm may be recom-
mended. Through the medium of our Agency motor cars may be

General View, Genoa.

engaged and arrangements made for various tours. Passengers wishing
to return overland by rail may avail themselves of the first and second
class through carriages of the Nederland-Algiers express running
between Genoa and Amsterdam via Milan, St. Gothard, Basle and
Cologne or the fast train service via Marseilles and Paris, or via Switzer-
land and Paris to London.

From Genoa the Nederland Line proceeds, as mentioned above, via
the Suez Canal, Colombo, Sabang and wSingapore to Batavia, whilst the
Rotterdam Lloyd touches, after leaving Marseilles, likewise Colombo and
Padang.

A Botterdam-Lloyd Liner.
l6b

Passengers for England are landed at Rotterdam, and are
granted a free passage to London by Hook of Holland or Flush-
ing routes. Return tickets available for two -years are interchangeable
with both companies.

The shipping facilities offered by the above-mentioned two. lines,
combined with the efforts in the same direction by the Koninklijke
Paketvaart Maatschappij have naturally produced most beneficent results
as far as the commercial community of these Islands is concerned.
This is particularly noticeable in the principal cities where fine bankmg
and insurance houses, high class stores and hotels have sprung up, and
are keeping step with the increasing demands which education, refine-
ment and accumulated wealth are making.

THE RAILWAYS OF JAVA.

A few words concerning the railway systems of Java and Sumatra
may be apropos and interesting.

In 1863 a com-
pany called t h €
"N ederlandsch
Indische Spoorweg
Maatschappij"
was formed for the
purpose of laying
down and working
a railroad from
Samarang through
Solo to Djocja-
karta. A conces-
sion having been
granted by the
Government of the
day, the work was at once commenced, and the line, with the addition of
a branch from Tempoeran to Willem I., was opened to traffic on May

2ISt, 1873.

During the first few years the Company had great difficulties to
contend with owing to financial troubles. With the assistance of the
Government, however, they not only complet-ed the Samarang-Djocja-
karta line, but constructed also a line from Batavia to Buitenzorg.

167

On the Samarang-Willem I. Line.

1 68

All these are single-
rail lines fitted up on
European designs. The
carriages and rolling-
stock are up-to-date in
every respect. Sleeping
carriages are not needed
in Java, as the trains do
not a;t present travel after
sunset. The various rail-
way stations, although of
simple construction, are
most comfortable, and the
and understand English.

On the Euitenzorg Line.

principal officials invariably are courteous

Bridge in the Freauger.

THE GOVERNMENT RAILWAYS.

In view of the success attained by the pioneers of the railroads in
Java — The Nederlandsch Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij — the Dutch
Government in 1875 voted a sum of money for the construction of a
State Railway between Sourabaya and Pasoeroean. This line, completed
in 1878, was such a success financially, that the Government was en-
couraged to put down new lines connecting with principal places, which
have since become towns of impTjrtance. To-day the traveller is enabled
to make a journey by rail from Sourabaya to Batavia^j^right through the
Island — a distance of about 700 miles. The railways have been divided

169

into two sections — East and West — and the actual working of the two
systems is controlled by a manager for each division, supervised by an
official, termed chief inspector, who is responsible (or all railway matters
in connection with the Government. Besides the railways in Java an
extensive steam tram service is maintained, which acts as feeders to the
railroads, and these are the means of opening up large tracts of rich
country. Owing to the natural difficulties encountered the main roads
are made use of. A very efficient and cheap ser\-ice is provided.

iTwto; Kurkitjitm, S-mrnbaya

Curved Bridge on Preanger lyiiie.

SUMATRA RAILWAYS.

With the exception of Sumatra, no other islands in the Dutch East
Indies possess railways as yet. In Sumatra three systems are found.
On the West Coast a State line runs northwards to the Government
coal fields at Oembilin, a portion of which is a rack-a-rail.

On the East Coast, the Deli Spoorweg Maatschappij have a private
railway line, in order to deal with the large trade which their tobacco
industry has created, the line between Belawan, connecting the port with
Medan, being the first to be constructed. The tramway to Achin is
owned by the Government and comprises the third system. This line
was built solely for military purposes to provide a quick transport for
troops.

171

172

TIME TABLE.

TANDJONG PRIOK

BATAVIA (lower town)

WELTEVREDEN (m town)

VICE VERSA.

ARRIVAL AT

DEPARTURE

FROM

! Departure
1 from
i Tandjongr Pr

Batavia
S. S.

Kemajoran

(Weltevreden

S.S.)

Batavia
N. 1. S

Noord-
wijk.

We'tevreden

(Konings-

pleln).

» = 5

Noord-
wijic.

Batav'a
N. I.S.

Kemajoran

(Weltevreden

S.S.)

Batavia
S. S.

at
Tjandjong: Pri

DAY-SERVICE.

6.14

—

6.31

—

4.47

5.21

6.17

6.36

— ■

7.2^

—

. 5.29

5.50

7.11

— ^

—

— -

5.55

6.12

7.35

7.SS

—

— .

—

6.19

6.38

8.4

—

8.21

—

6.22

6.f6

6.44

7.1

8.20

8.37

—

—m

—

7.—

7.17

9.6

—

9.23

9.41

9.44

—

7.13

7.34

9.15

—

9.38

—

7.19

7.23

7.37

7.54

9.35

9.52

—

7.39

7.56

10.

—

10.17

10.36

10.39

—

7.48

8.7

10.3

—

10.25

—

8.21

8.40

10.14

10.33

—

8.16

8.20

8.36

8.53

10,28

— .

11.3

—

9.16

9.35

10.54

—

11.11

11.27

11.30

9.10

9.14

9.30

—

9.47

11.30

11.47

—

9.39

9.58

11.45

—

12.7

—

10.18

10.35

12.3

—

_■

12.20

12.38

12.41

10.5

10.9

10.27

—

10.44

12.49

1.6

—

10.54

11.11

1.8

—

1.25

1.42

1.45

—

11.25

—

11.42

I.IS

1.32

—

11.53

12-15

2.3

—

2.20

—

12.8

—

12.27

2.6

2.28

—

12.6

12.10

12.30

—

12.47

2.18

2.35

—

1.14

1.35

3.1

—

3.18

3.33

3.36

—

1.33

—

1.50

3.13

3.31

—

1.48

2.5

3.13

—

3.40

—

2.26

—

2.45

3.35

3.52

—

2.15

2.19

2.34

—

2.51

4.17

—

4.40

—

2.47

3.7

4.20

—

4.37

4.51

6.7

3.36

3.40

3.55

—

4,12

4.44

5.1

—

4.-

4.17

5.12

—

5.35

—

4.17*

4.38

5.30

—

5.47

6.04

6.7

4.27

4.32

4.50

—

5,7

5.45

6.2

—

4.59*

—

5.18

6.18

—

6.42

—

— —

—

5.20

5.37

6.20*

—

6.37

6.50

6.53

5.24 5.28

6.2

—

6.19

6.29

6.47

7.04 '

—~

Nil

5HT-S

ERVICE.

—

6.59

7.8

7.30

7.40

—

7.50

8.3

■ 8.20

8.30

8.50

9.-

—

9;10

9.23

9,40

10.20

10.40

10.50

—

- 1

—

10.56

11.10

11.27

• On Thursday'^ only.

RAILWAY FARES.

Taridjong Priok-Weltevreden S. S. (Kemajoran) 1st cl. /0.40 2nd cl. /0.25

„ -Batavia S. S. (lower town) ,., „ ,, 0.30 ,, ,, 0.20

„ - „ N. I. S „ „ 0.30 „ ,. 0.20

„ -Weltevreden N.I.S. (Noordwijk) „ „ 0.50 ,. „ 0.30

„ . ,, - „ N. I. S. (Koningsplein) „ „ 0.60 ,, „ 0.35

N.B. Subject to alterations.

See Official Time Table— Price 10 cts.

In order to assist visitors in search of commodities of one Icind or
another, it may not be out of place to mention some of the leading
houses, which can confidently be recommended-

BATAVIA.

The choice of an hotel is, of course, of primary importance,
and there no difficulty is experienced in mentioning two leadmg estab-
lishments.

The Hotel des Indes stands out conspicuously as a house of
the first rank. Situated in grounds occupying some 15 acres, in the
principal portion ol New Batavia or Weltevredcn, the hotel has for manv
years been looked upon as the rendezvous of the "Globe Trotter" or vis-
itor from every part of the world. Partly hidden by beautiful palm tree.s
from the street, the main building rises two storeys high behind two huge
Waringin trees, the branches of each shading comfortably a quarter acre
of ground. The hotel was estajjlished over a century ago, but it is only
since the introduction of numerous complete steamships services, some
fifteen years ago, that the "Des Indes" has become famous. The man-
agement, ever watchful of the progress of the times, have added to the
main building, surrounded it with a perfect square of cosy bungalows and
apartments, and laying out the intervening spaces with beautiful lawns,
until, with the necessary annexes for stables, garages, etc., a small vil-
lage took the place of the once modest centre: Even to-day, at the time
of writing, further demands for accommodation have necessitated exten-
sive alterations and additions, and the large sum of /i ,000,000 is being
expended in the erection of elegant two-storey bungalows — a new depar-
ture — and the remodelling of the existing premises. Thus very shortly
the whole establishment will assume a new aspect. The long line of
chambers on the left of the carriage drive will disappear, being replaced
by a new dining hall and other apartments. The old dining saloon, writ-
ing and reading room, etc., will be turned into lofty music, lounge and
drawing rooms, while provision is also made fpr a spacious billiard room

Beyond the original building are olaced the motor garage and the
stables, having accommodation for 60 carriages of every description and
their sturdy little ponies. Towards the river the new bungalows are
being fitted up, and In order to minimise the discomfort of a somewhat
tedious walk several times a day to the dining hall, the managing director
of the company, Mr. Nieue\-enhuis, contemplates the laying down of a
light miniature railway. The Hotel des Indes is one of the most charming
places in the whole of the Dutch Indies, and combines the luxurious com-
fort of a perfecth- arranged and conducted hotel, a delightful
menu and servic*, with the privacy of a mansion.

174

A representative of the Hotel des Indes meets all incoming steamers
and trains and takes charge of baggage, etc. , relieving guests of all
inconvenience in that direction.

Tourists who are making a lengthy stay in Weltevreden desirous of
seeing something of the environments of the city will probably require
some kind of vehicle for that purpose. They would do well to call at the
Carriage Company, Limited, formerly F. J. Fuchs', where arrangements
for horses, a carriage or a motor car can be made at very reasonable
prices.

This company furnishes a practical illustration of the old proverb,
"Small beginning- — big ending." And certairily the beginning was small
enough, as Mr. F. J. Fuchs commenced business with a modest livery
stable and farrier's shop.

^However, energy, enterprise, and business integrity soon told their
tale. A repairing shop for building and repairing carriages was shortly
followed by an addition for the manufacture of harness. Finally, pro-
vision was made for an import branch, dealing with norses. Success
crowned this enterprise, and in 1885 the business was converted into a
limited company with the aid of Mr. M. van Heusden, who still retains
his seat on the board of directors, Mr. Fuchs occupying the position as
Managing Director until 1895, retiring two years later from the company
altogether. He was succeeded by Mr. J. W. Rens, who successfully
managed the affairs for seven years. In the meantime Mr. Fuchs gave
his aid to a competing carriage building house,- but the venture proving
unprofitable, he took over the concern, disposing of it, in turn, to his
former company, who recommenced business — as a branch — on the same
premises. After the retirement of Mr. J. W. Rens in 1902 Mr. D. Rens, a
brother, took up the- reins as managing director. Under his able guid-
ance the company has prospered, extending their operations to the sale
of carriage and motor cars and the importation of Australian cattle and
horses.

In 191 1 a branch office was opened in Sourabaya, quite close to the
Oranje Hotel, and, judging by results, it has every prospect of rivalling*
the Head Office in Batavia, where at the time of writing about 200 people
are constantly employed.

The opportunities for spending money in Java are man}' and \arious,
but most of the tourists, visiting this wonderful island, are desirous of
acquiring some kind of souNenir, more lasting and a little more costly
than the mere curio, obtained from the irresponsible peddler merchant,
who visits hotel guests almost daily, carrying with him an entire shop.

175

We refer to the souvenir representing the.art of the native gold and
silversmith. A visit to the old established house of Van Arken and Co.,
court jewellers, on Noordwijk, will prove most interesting and instruc-
tive, at the same time providing the opportunity referred to above.

The Hotel der Nederlanden, established since 1840, isanother of the
leading hotels in Batavia. Centrally situated, fronting Rijswijk, it
possesses every convenience calculated to ensure the comfort of visitors-
Large airy rooms, lighted by electricity, an excellent cuisine, and a wel)
trained staff of Javanese servants, together with courteous management,
combine to make this hotel a most comfortable place to stay at. Large
bungalows (consisting of three rooms with private bathroom attached),
ensconced amid waving palms, are at the disposal of family parties. The
large dining saloon is capable of seating two hundred people, where
European dishes are served in addition to the famous "Rijstafel." The
grounds are laid out and the private drives .and tasteful walks beauti-
fully shaded. Several languages are spoken and runners from the hotel
meet all trains and boats.

Several large banks and insurance companies are established in
Batavia — viz., the Java Bank, the Nederlandsche Handel Maatschappij,
the N. I. Escompto Maatschappij, the N. I. Handels Bank, the Chartered
Bank of India, Australia and China, and the Hongkong and Shanghai
Banking Corporation, the Batavia Sea and Fire Insurance Co., etc. The
Consular offices representing all the nations are to be found principally in
old Batavia, their addresses can be ascertained at the official Tourist
Bureau — Rijswijk, Weltevreden.

Visitors requiring the services of a reliable chemist are recommended
to Messrs. Rathkamp & Co., whose premises are stocked with every
toilet article, drugs and patent medicines which science has produced
up till now. English prescriptions, although differing from similar
recipes in the quoting of weights, etc., are carefully dispensed by this
firm.

New arrivals who are unprepared for the climatic conditions existing
in Java may have their wants attended to by Mr. A. Savelkoul, whose,
long experience, both in Holland and the East, together with an excep-
tionally fine assortment of travelling requisites, apparel and nic-nacks,
places him in the front rank of this class of business. His Emporium
on the Noordwijk is an education in itself, and well worth a visit. A
detailed notice appears in the advertising section of this work.

.Booklo\ers and others in search of literature are directed to the es-
tablishment of Messrs. X'isser and Co., who receive by every mail the
latest English and Dutch novels, books of science, school books, photo-
graphs and post cards, etc. , and are always ready to assist strangers in the

176

177

• 78

selection of suitable works of every description. The firm was established
in 1895, and its business increased considerably in the last ten years.
Among the departments which needed expansion, those of the "book-
selling" and "printing" are foremost, and are now managed by Euro-
pean experts. The printing department is wo>king now with ten men,
while the principal work is done by machinery.

Mr. J. Obdam was nominated director of the concern in 1905, and is
supported by two assistant-managers, Messrs. G. J. Aalbers and H.
Timmermans.

The firm has branches at Batavia, Buitenzorg, Bandoeng and
Amersfoort (Holland).

Collectors of views will have a splendid opportunity of adding to
their collection by paying a visit to the -Photographic Atelier of Messrs.
Chas. van Ess and Co., who are rightly mentioned as the leading photo-
graphic artists of Batavia. Their studio is in close proximity to the Java
Cold Storage Co.

Ladies desirous of viewing the latest Parisian smart frocks, or the
newest model of hat, should walk through that great emporium called
"Eigen Hulp," almost opposite the Club "Harmonie." This company
was established in Batavia about thirty years ago with a capital of over
a quarter of a million guilders.

By the exercise of good management, business integrity, and acu-
men the company has succeeded in building up a business second to none
in the whole of Java, their peregrinations to-day extending from one end
of the island to the other. A branch of the firm is devoted to the furnish-
ing of residences and has become deservedly popular. In one word
"Eigen Hulp" has become an institution whei-e one may purchase any-
thing from "a needle to an anchor," and it would require great deter-
mination on the part of a visitor to inspect this great place with all its
wonderful treasures and to come away without having found ana pur-
chased some souvenir of this "Bon March6 of the East."

In a climate, such as Java possesses, the existence of iceworks, cold
storage and kindred conveniences play no unimportant part in the daily
life of resident and visitor. Batavia is to be congratulated upon the
fact of its counting such an industry among its many up-to-date estab-
lishments. We allude to the Java Cold Storage and Eastern Trading
a'nd Agency Co., Ltd., at Salemba, where the company has ice and
freezing works, which are situated on the railway line to Salemba, con-
nected therewith by private railway siding, running direct into the works,
alongside freezing rooms. All goods are here loaded and unloaded under
cover from special covered railway waggons, direct from and to the

179

i8o

freezing chambers. The objects of the Company are to supply shipping,
stores, hotels and the general public with Australian frozen meat, butter
milk, fruit, fish, poultry and other fresh provisions of the highest quality
by means of regular shipments from Australia by fortnightly steamers,
having freezing chambers. As far as the quality is concerned it may be
mentioned that all cattle in Australia are inspected by Government
veterinary surgeons, and when slaughtered the meat is inspected
by another Government official of the Health Department. When
frozen and before shipment the meat is again inspected by special Gov-
ernment Export Inspector, who in passing same attaches a Government
label to each individual piece of meat, furnishing a certificate covering the
whole shipment. Butter, fruit and all other goods are inspected and
passed in like manner, certificates of quality and purity being furnished
for each description of goods. These inspections are most rigorous, only
goods of highest quality being allowed to be exported. Consumers can
thus rely that goods supplied by this company are of the highest quality
only.

Prompt delivery can at all times be made. Through having direct
cornmunication with the railway, meat and other goods can be delivered
on board any steamer at Priok within an hour of leaving the works, and
in all instances each parcel of goods is accompanied by an employee
of the company. Ships requiring supplies need only cable their orders
and hour of arrival from the previous port of call, and same will be
ready for pr'ompt delivery upon arrival.

The company also supply meat, butter and other goods retail to the
general public, messengers making daily calls for orders and delivery,
prompt attention and immediate delivery being guaranteed. The steady
growth of this portion of the business is a sign of its warranty and suc-
cess. Owing to the system adopted meat supplied, which, while con-
serving the flavor and richness for which the product of Australia is
celebrated, is ready for immediate use.

Hotels, restaurants and caterers in the 'country are supplied with
meat, butter, fruit, etc. Goods are placed on the trains, and are in the
hands of the consumer within a few hours, in perfect condition.

While many object to the use of frozen goods, it is mainly
owing to their not being aware of the perfection to which the treatment
of goods by freezing has been brought.

The advancement made in cold storage methods, whereby goods can
now be frozen retaining all their original flavor, richness and nourishing
qualities when properly thawed, make the supply of goods, even in the
hottest climate, equal to those obtained at the seat of production an un-
deniable fact.

i8i

The mercantile business in Batavia is, to a great extent, conducted
through the medium of brokers or Makelaars, of whom there is a large
number in the old town.

One of the leading houses is that of Messrs. Gyselman & Steup,
who, apart from having large connections in Europe, are also interested
in Australian matters, produce of a varied kind being the principal feature.
Commercial men desirous of opening business relations with Java will
have no difficulty in obtaining information regarding Java affairs from
Messrs. Gyselman & Steup, who have branches in the principal cities
of the island.

The European population of Batavia and of Java generally is more or
less constantly changing, owing, in the first place, to the climate, no
doubt, which demands a sea trip to Europe as a restorative. Frequently,
again, officials oi military olTicers are transferred from one city to
another, and on other occasions, people, havitig spent a few years in
this glorious country, and gathered sufficient of the world's riches to
enable them to retire from the active performance on life's theatre, return
to Holland altogether. In all these cases it has become customary, 'n
order to a\'oid the expense of removing, to dispose of all goods and chattels
of the old abode, and to purchase another assortment fo'r the new place.
This method has the advantage, apart from renewing one's household
effects, of creating perfectly new surroundings, even within the house
itself. As a natural consequence auctions are frequently held in and
around the cities, and one of the oldest and most reliable firms engaged
in auctioneering are Messrs. John Pryce and Go., of Old Batavia, who
for many years have acted as auctioneers and horse buyers for the Gov-
ernment. A walk through their extensive rooms reriinds one of Dickens'
Old Curiosity Shop, and many a tourist has been fortunate enough to
secure valuable examples of native art of one kind or another. Messrs.
John Pryce and Co. also maintain an up-to-date furniture bazaar on
Noordwijk, Weltevreden, for the convenience of their manv patrons.

Mention should also be made of the Firma van der Veen in the same
thoroughfare. This establishment is conducted in the interests of the
gentle sex, and has, under the able management of Mr. Seehandler, suc-
ceeded in becoming the leading specialists in the dominion of ladies'
requirements. Encouraged b) the appreciation of their numerous clientele
the Firma van der \'cen opened in 191 1 a branch in the lovelv Preanger
district at Bandoeng, and hopes are entertained that this xenture may
prove as successful as the Weltevreden concern.

The intense and thorough cultivation of the soil of the island has
created a demand of every ki.nd of machinery used in the process. The
oldest house devoting their intention to general engineering is that of

182

BATAVIA
BANDOEflO

Batavia Weltevreden.

Messrs. Taylor and Lawson, an English firm, who commenced opera-
tions in premises lacing the Canal between Weltevreden and Old Ba-
tavia, about half a century ago. Their extensive steam plant has turned
out some of the biggest iron works, such as bridges, steam cranes, etc.,
ordered by the Government. The original owners have long since passed
away. The present proprietor, Mr. J. R. C. Semmelink, after complet-
ing his studies as engineer in Scotland, has maintained the high stan-
dard of excellence for which the firm is noted. Of late years motor cars
have become very popular in Java, the splendid roads throughout the
island being especially adapted for this mode of travelling, and Mr. Sem-
melink, anxious to keep up with the times, secured, in 1911, the agency
for the well-known Napier Auto., a car deservedly popular in all parts of
the world where motoring has become a favorite pastime and sport.

Visitors requiring the services of a shorthand writer or typist will
be pleased to know that the Office Appliances Co., Roneo, on Rijswijk,

'83

can supply such want. This firm are agents for the favorite "Oliver,"
"Hammond," "Underwood," "Adler," and Smit Bros.' typewriters,
hundreds of which are disposed of by them annually, and, as the name
denotes, are suppliers of e\ery kind of office requisites and material.

One of the leading merchants in Java are .Messrs. Jacobsen van den
Berg & Co. A reference to this firm will be found in the Samarang
Section, its headquarters being established in middle Java over half a
century ago.

The Batavia branch is holding a prominent position in the import
of cotton goods, general merchandise and Australian produce, especially
Australian butter and flour.

A few words of praise should be given to the mineral and medicated
water factory, "Fortuna," for their exceptiqnally fine tablewaters and
fruit lemonades. The somewhat oppressive heat of Ja\a makes a
refreshing, cool beverage, of a delicious fruit flavor, most acceptable. The
managing director of the "Fortuna," Mr. B. G. A. van der Hoeven, is
always pleased to conduct visitors over the works, explaining the pro-
cess of producing- these most palatable refreshers. Apart from Apol-
linaris, some forty different varieties are available, making the selection
a difficult task.

THE TEA INDUSTRY.

Batavia is the largest market for tea export, as over one half of the
total output of Java is shipped to Holland, England being the next largest
consumer, leaving only a ver} small percentage for Australia, Russia,
Malay States, and other countries. One of the most important indus-
tries is the cultivation of this product. It was formerly supposed to excel
in low altitudes ranging from 1000 to 2700 feet above sea level, but it
has since been proved that Assam tea will tlw-ive and produce more tea
to the acre under favorable conditions at an altitude of 6000ft. The
ground selected is usually gentle, undulating country, with plenty of
water preferred, and is cleared by the felling of trees and burning ; when
dug and levelled, the hilly portions are formed into terraces to prevent
loss of soil during the rainy season. After the formation of roads, stakes
are driven into the ground in long rows, about three feet apart, allowing
five feet between the rows. The cheapest and simplest method is plant-
ing direct from the seed, \\hich Is usually obtained from tea shrubs, which
have been allowed to go to seed, but only the fallen ripe seeds are gath-
ered. Two seeds are planted at each sta'ke, about one inch deep,
germination taking place in the low, warm regions within ten to four-
teen days, whilst on high lying plantetions tw.o to three months is neces-
sary. ^^'hile the plants are young, all w eeds have to be destroyed, and

184

careful pruning and attention is needed in order to keep the trees within
reasonable reach of the pickers, thuL, avoiding injury to the shrubs. In
their third year, the leaves appear in profusion, and regular plucking may
then begin. This is done by hand, but the method employed varies ac-
cording to the quality of tea desired ; the top leaf (pekoe) is taken first,
then the two following leaves and three-quarters of the third ones. The
work is carried out by women, who convey the tea to the factory in
small baskets or cloths, and are paid according to the weight of leaf
brought in. Plucking continues throughout "the year. The tea leaves
gathered are next withered, by means of a warm current of air playing
on them while exposed on special racks until ready for rolling, which is
mainly done by machinery, occupying about three-quarters of an hour.
Many planters first roll the tea for half an hour, ferment it, and then
again roll it from twenty to forty-five minutes. The tea, after being
rolled, is allowed to ferment, that is, to lie for some time in order to allow
the various chemical constituents of the leaf, forced out during the roll-
ing, time to act upon one another. The exact moment when to interrupt
and arrest this fermentation varies considerably, but the operator is
guided to a certain extent by the change of colour in the leaves. They
are then dried, sometimes in the sun, but more often by machinery, and
then carefully weighed. Sorting is the next process, when the different
grades are collected and put through different sifting and cutting
machines. Finally they are handed to women who cleanse the tea of all .
impurities, such as stalks, splinters of bambfio, and other foreign sub-
stances. The tea is then again weighed and will be found much heavier,
owing to the quantity of moisture absorbed *from the atmosphere, the
increase being generally 3 to 4 per centum. The majority of factories
have their own boxmaking plant, and into these lead lined boxes the tea
is poured, pressed, and labelled with weight and brand ready for export.
Native carts convey the tea to the nearest railway station, and this has
been found the cheapest method.

A large proportion of the factories possess electric plants, and wher-
ever possible water is utilised as the motive power. The factory buildings
are spacious and well constructed. The afea of the plantations, of
which the greater number are in the Preanger .Regencies of West Java,
vary from 500 to 4000 acres. The fine Malabar and Tanara estates
together form the largest tea producing area in the world, their output
representing about half of the world's total tea supply.

One of the leading houses connected with the tea Industry is
Messrs. Rowley, Davies and Co.

The Batavia branch of the firm of tea merchants was established in
1904, but since its inauguration seven years ago their name has sprung
into prominence.

185

To a considerable degree the premier position at present occupied
by Messrs. Rowley, Davies and Co. is the result of the pioneer work
undertaken by them, many new outlets for Java teas having been dis-
covered, while the fact cannot be gainsaid that to this exploitation is due,
to a great extent, the strong and increasing demand now existing for the
teas from "The Garden of the East."

Until a few years ago they were the only firm which made a speciality
of tea buying on a large scale for export, so that naturally their influence
on the local market is considerable.

It was in 1906 that the connection was made with Australia through
Messrs. Thompson, Fraser, Ramsay, Pty., Ltd., and since that date the
trade, with the co-operation of this firm, has increased in leaps and
bounds. It is, of course, apparent that Java'*s closer proximity to Aus-
tralia, with its resultant lower freights, lends special facilities for her
teas competing advantageously with those from India and Ceylon, and
everything possible has been done by Messrs. Rowley, Davies and Co. to
encourage and foster their trade with the Commonwealth of Australia.

During the past few years they have successfully floated two of the
largest tea estates in the Island of Java. The first property, known as
"The Tjiliwoeng (Java) Plantations, Ltd.," is situated about fifteen miles
from Buitenzorg, on the border of the Preanger Regency, and is about
10,000 acres in extent. At its highest point the estate has an elevation ol
5500 feet. The second estate, "The Nirmala (Java) Plantations & Lands
Co., Ltd." is in the Buitenzorg district, and consists of about 15,000
acres. Floated two years ago, the Company has already commenced
paying dividends.

In the early months of 1910, the two companies, "The Tangoel
Rubber Estates, Ltd." and "The Kasintoe Rubber Estates, Ltd.," were
floated by Messrs. Rowley, Davies and Co. Present indications point
to those having a \ ery successful future, the former having commenced
tapping at the beginning of this year.

Although their principal business is in tea,- Messrs. Rowley, Davies
and Co. have also a produce branch, in which their energies are directed
to trading in capoc, oils, hats, etc., etc., in all of which their experience
entitles them to take a foremost place.

Recognising the want of a suitable estate supply store in the Prean-
ger (the centre of the tea district), this year— I9I1— the firm has opened
a "Planters' Supply Store" in Bandoeng, the chief town in the Preanger.
In this will be stocked the \'arious accessories necessary for tea and rubber
estates. The representative in charge is Mr. t>u Perron.

186

The partners of Messrs. Rowley, Davies and Co. are MessLs. F.
W'orthington and VV. Hilliers. Their head offices are in London, and
besides their business in Java, they have branches in Calcutta and Col-
ombo. The managers of the firm in Batavia are Messrs. C. H. Taverner
and E. J. Balliston.

Few business houses in Java can look back upon a more prosperous
career than Messrs. K. Dunlop and Co., General Merchants, of Batavia,
Bandoeng, Samarang, and Sourabaya. Chafting with the head of the
house, Mr. E. W. Dunlop, that gentleman kindly furnished the writer
with the following particulars : —

It was only in the year 1908 that the firm of E. Dunlop and
Co. reached their majority, but their growth has been truly remark-
able, as, during the comparatively short period of twenty-nine years,
the business of this house has been extended to, and is now
flourishing in, all the more important towns of Netherlands India.
Messrs. E. Dunlop and Company are general importers, and deal in all
manner of goods — wines, spirits, cigars, cigarettes, sporting goods,
bicycles, Japanese curios, travellers' requisites, and so forth, both in a
wholesale and retail way. Their stores in the'difterent parts of Java are
well known, the articles offered for sale are attractively and conveniently
arranged, and customers have never had cause to feel dissatisfied at the
manner in which their wants have been met. The firm started opera-
tions in 1887 in Old Batavia, where their head office is still situated.
They have now a branch at Weltevreden for the convenience of their
retail trade, both wholesale and retail departments at Sourabaya, a
branch at Samarang, and one also at Bandoeng. The oldest of these
branch establishments is that at Bandoeng, which was opened in 1896,
the wholesale department at Sourabaya was started in 1899, and the
retail store in the following year, while at Samarang the Company com-
menced business in 1908. The retail stores are conducted under the
name "Nederlandsch Indisch Sigaren Magazyn, filiaal E. Dunlop and
Co."

The founder of the firm was Mr. E. W. Dunlop, and his son, Mr. E.
W. Dunlop, is now the junior partner, the senior being Mr. J. R. Mikkers.

■ e -

Among the many important agencies which the Company hold are
those for Pierre Chabanneau and Co. s brandy and wines, the Isle of
Skye whisky. Usher's whisky, Amsiel beer, Wittkampf gin, Henkes' gin,
Boknia gin, Lucas Bols' gin and liqueurs, Gutierrez Hermanos' invalid
port. They are also sole agents for Patria biscuits, Maconochie's provis-
ions, Korff's cocoa and chocolate tablets, Swiss milk (Bear Brand), and
for the cigarettes from the celebrated factories of A. G. Cousis and Co.

>«7

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1 88

at Malta, Th. Vafiadis and Co., M. Melachrino and Co., and the .Anglo-
Egyptian Cigarette Company at Cairo. They furthermore hold agencies
of English, Turltish and Russian cigarettes, and Dutch, Manila and
Havana cigars, different Icinds of bitters, Bordeaux, Greek, and Italian
wines, champagnes and brandies.

A Buddha Image, Boro Boedoer.

BUITENZORG.

The Hotel Belle Vue and Hotel du Chemin de Fer are excellent
and up-to-date in every way. It is advisable to engage rooms by wire,
as, especiallv at the Hotel Belle Vue the "back" rooms, with their fine
verandahs, affording the magnificent view of Mt. Salak and the beautiful
valley of the Tjidani River are always in request.

This Hotel cannot be too highly recommended. Messrs. Garreau
Fr^res, the proprietors have proved themselves expert in the manage-
ment of their hotels and exercise every care to enable their guests to
enjoy a comfortable sojourn.

i8g

The "Belle Vue" stands on large grounds which abut the railroad to
Bandoeng. Built in the bungalow style the main building consists of a
large vestibule, offices and reading-room, adjoining which is the spacious
dining-hall. From the far end of the latter steps are found leading to
the residential quarters, which are arranged in horseshoe fashion about
the main structure. E\ery convenience is placed at the disposal of guests.
The attendants are most attentive, and the menu and cellar leave nothing
to be desired. The whole establishment is under the able management of
Mr. Holzheimer, while Mr. Garreau himself super\ises the Hotel du
Chemin de Fer, a house much patronised by local residents and visitors
alike.

Before leaving Buitenzorg a visit to the "Buitenzorgsch Weefwerk"
should be paid on Pledang Tengah. The "Buitenzorgsch Weefwerk"
is being carried on by Miss H. E. van Motman, a lady of singular
attainments. In this most interesting place a permanent exhibition
of old Javanese art woven things in great variety, design and kind
is conducted by this lady, who has succeeded in preserving the
ancient art of weaving gold and silver cloths. The patterns are said to
have originated from Timor in the South-East, to Sumatra in the North-
West, including, of course, Borneo and Celebes, etc.

Among the articles are curtains, table centres, tea cosies, fancv bags,
cushion covers and a large quantity of other things, and are all highly
artistic and beautiful, yet reasonable at that. Miss Motman takes pride
to show visitors over some of the workrooms ^^ ith their quaint appoint-
ments, which invariably pjjeves very interesting. The by-following
picture in colours will to some degree help to represent these art treasures,
preserved as it were from the long ago.

Hotels : Belle Vue, du Chemin de Fer.

BANDOENG.

The visitor to Bandoeng is recommended to the Hotel Homann,
situated in the centre of the principal part of 'the town. The exterior of
the hotel is most inviting, and the pleasant impression thereby created is
vastly improved after entering its portals. The Hotel Homann must
oertainl.N be st.\lcd as one of the xery first cla.ss hotels of Java.

The rooms are lofty, well appointed, clean and comfortable. The
service thoroughlv ellicient, whilst the dining-hall offers menus which,
together with the excellent products of the world's finest cellars, must
gladden the heart of the most fastidious connoisseur.

190

snMPLEs OF jfwnntsE nm work

from the Weaving Establishment

Miss H. E. van MOTMOn,

Piedang,

Buitenzorq, Java.

IQl

Mr. C. Wi van Deutekom, the courteous managing director of the
company, conducted the writer over the prernises, which stand on large
grounds facing the main thoroughfare. The centre structure contains a
handsome vestibule leading into a dining hall of noble dimensions, where
in Continental style guests enjoy the toothsome fare provided, served by
swift, yet noiseless Malay "jonges." A bep.utifully furnished reading-
lounge, equipped with all leading journals of the globe, leads off the
vestibule, while the oflices adjoin the Sal a manger. The apartments
of guests are arranged in a separate building which at right angles

192

surrounds the main building. Mr. van Deutekom is ever ready to assist
visitors in making their excursions to the mountains and his advice is
always much appreciated.

The progress of Bandoeng within the spa^e of a few years is best
discernible on entering the premises of Messrs. J. R. de Vries & Co. a
"Maatschappy tot Voortzetting der Zaken VQorheen. " Only six short

years ago the business of this progressive house was conducted in a small
building occupying not even one-quarter of the space of the present
magnificent block of buildings which is now the rendez-vous of all the
tourists and visitors to Bandoeng.

The firm, foreseeing the strides towards prosperity which the whole
district has actually experienced, spent no less than ;£'20,ooo upon the
erecetion of an emporium which for graceful elegance of design, lofty
spaciousness and useful allocation of storage space it would be difficult
to surpass in any part of the world.

To describe this fine emporium adequately would occupy a volume
by itself. Suflice to say that Messrs. J. R. de \'ries & Co. have stocked
their "Store" with every conceivable article necessary or desirable for the
toilette of ladies and the outfit of gentlemen, for the adornment of a re-
fined drawing-room or the comforts of cosy smoking apartment, for the
providoring of an afternoon tea or the supplying of choice wines for a
dinner. To give a better idea of how wonderful the success of this firm
has been, we present our reader with some views depicting the exterior of
the old house and some interiors of the new establishment. Visitors to-
Bandoeng should not omit to pay a call to this place, which has become a
landmark in the Preanger district generally and Bandoeng in particular.

Mention should here be made of the Prpanger Hotel, a notice of
which appears in the advertising columns of the work. The Preanger
Hotel is pleasantly situated and its management has for many years com-
manded the support of many residents, tourists and visitors generally.

The Javasche Maatschappy tot \'erduurzaming van Levensmiddelen
(Java Preserving Co. Ltd.) dates from i8g8 and was formerly known as
the "Stoomconservenfabriek "Magnum" (Preserving Factory "Mag-
num.")

This Factor)- was the property of Mr. H. M. van Dalfsen, who
previously had been engaged in the preserving trade, and who since 1805
exported the well-known "Magnum Spring Chicken" to England. The
Company quickly received large orders from the War Department in
Netherlands India, which advised the erection of a second factorv at
Bandoeng, the capital of the Preanger Regencies, to which town the
head office was finally transferred. The accompanying photo, was taken
when the Factory at Bandoeng was completed, but before manufacturing
actually took place.

Mr. van Dalfsen, who was appointed director, was the first to com-
mence preserving tinned provisions in Netherlands India, and is now
the only purve_\or of the Departments of War and Navy.

194

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O

■on
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•95

Mr. van Dalfsen has also been the pioneer for other enterprises, such
as the manufacturing of cocoa, chocolate, confectionery, as well as bis-

View of the Java Preservingr Co., Ltd , Bandoeng.

cuits and cakes. The Factory at Poerworedjo is making cocos-oil, known
in the trade as "Dulcine," and "Desiccated Cocoanut. "

The Factories are fitted with the latest and most up-to-date
machinery, which is driven by water power, developing about 200 h.p.
with full pressure oii the turbines. Two stearp boilers are erected for the
boiling and preserving.

The Company is continually expanding, giving their most careful
attention to delivery of all articles manufactured, such as tinned preserves,
chocolates, confectioner), biscuits and refined oils (specially Dulcine) at
their factories.

The "Java Preserving Company" returned, during the twelve years
of its existence an average dividend of 8 per annum, and its prospects
for the future are excellent.

Almcv^t opposite the Hotel Ho-
mann will be noticed the attractive
premises of Messrs. E. Dunlop and
Co., whoSe head office is situated in
Batavia. This branch also carries a
complete, well-selected stock of high-
class cigars, cigarettes, wines, etc.,
and the \ isitor will find the fine
display of Japanese curios of every
description most interesting.

1 96

rwiTTKAUPrjENCi/CB

Messrs. E. Dunlop & Co 's Offices, Bandoengt.

GAROET. 1

Garoet, being a favourite tourist resort, has splendid hotel accommo-
dation. The choice is somewhat difficult ; visitors, however, can be
recommended^ to the Hotel Villa Dolce, which can offer to its guests the
beautiful mountain scenery which has made the district famous.

Glimpses of the Hotel Villa Dolce. Garoet.

The Hotel Villa Dolce stands in grounds some seven acres in extent,
surrounded by fine old trees, lofty palms amidst tropical blooms, and has
quite recently been remodelled and enlarged. The rooms are exceptionally
large and well appointed, while the attendants are obliging and efficient.
Hot and cold plunge and shower baths are obtainable at any hour of the
day, and a photographic dark-room is provided for the convenience of
"snapshotters. " A large and elegant dining hall has been built to allow
seating accommodation for the ever-increasing stream of guests who, at
separate small tables can enjoy the first-class menu, unrivalled for Its
excellence. Further improvements include a handsome sitting and read-
ing room where English newspapers are on view, a piano and a billiard
table, and musical evenings among the guests have become a fashionable
function.

In front of the- Hotel lawn tennis may be indulged in, the grounds

197

Scenes of Garoet, easily reached from the Hotel vkn Horck
798

with their pleasant surroundings affording every opportunity, having also
special attractions for afternoon tea parties.

The Hotel and grounds are lighted with the electric light, and on
tine evenings the large arc lamps suspended from tall poles give the place
a charming appearance.

Mr. L. H. W. Ingenhoes is the popular proprietor and manager of
the Hotel Villa Dolce, and correspondence or wires directed to him will
ensure prompt attention.

Another fine hotel is the Hotel van Horck, a comfortable place nest-
ling among lovely old trees, which is much patronised by the globe
trottei-s to this district. The Hotel stands in large grounds and has many
fine apartments, single and double rooms and whole suites and, alto-
gether, offers a first-class service to its guests. A notice of the Hotel
appears in another section of the work.

A special feature of Garoet is the "Anklong," a musical instrument
made entirely of bamboo. A number of these formed into an orchestra
and played by youngsters otten serenade visitors at their hotels in search
of a few cents.

Tourists have access to the local club without fee.

The only other hotel in Garoet, but of co-equal importance, is the
Hotel Papandajan, which is owned and managed by Mr. A. Hacks, a
gentleman who, guided by his long experience and business tact, has
succeeded in securing for his house a large number of clients who speak
in glowing terms of the excellent treatment which they have received at
his hands. A business announcement concerning this Hotel appears in
another section of this volume.

Visitors in search of souvenirs or curios are reminded to call at the
store of Mr. R. F. N. Meyer who, apart frcfm a wine, spirit, tea and
cigar business, has also a stock of various interesting fancy goods to
choose from.

Bas Eelief, Boro Boedoer.

199

DJOCJAKARTA.

The visitor to Djocja, as the town is usually called, when enjoying
an evening drive along Toegoe Road towards fhe club will observe at his
left the bright electric lights of the leading pharmacy — that of Messrs ]-
van Gorkom & Co. Established in 1865 by Mr. van Gorkom, the

premises were totalh' destroxed in the following year by a terrible earth-
quake, devastating town and district. Soon, however, a new building was
erected and added to from time to time by the new proprietor. The

200

present owner, Mr. M. Popta, who gained his diploma for chemistry at
Amsterdam in i8g6, came into possession in the year 1904.

During the eight years of his management the business has been con-
siderably enlarged and is now considered one of the finest wholesale and
retail chemist and druggist stores in Java, where every article known to
the profession is kept in stock. Mr. Popta added a mineral water factory,
the first in the Island, a large steam boiler supplying the distilled water
and two 10 h.p. motors creating the necessary power for the whole of the
" work's, including the sterilising bottle-washing machinery. At night the

202

motors are being used for the lighting of the premises and the private
dwelling by electricity.

The mineral waters produced are of excellent qualit\' and are obtain-
able at the club and all the provision stores. A wine and spirit depart-
ment is also attached to the business, anfl optical goods of every
description kept in stock have in no inconsiderable measure helped to
make the firm of J. van Gorkom & Co. known throughout the district.

A very unique exhibition of Javanese art and handiwork conducted
by Mrs. ter Horst quite close to the Railway Station should be inspected,
where batikwork, stamped leather, wajangs, silk and brass ornaments in
great variety, antique weapons and other curious things are on view.
These articles are of course for sale, although not the slightest effort is
made to induce a purchase. A few of the more striking samples of these
art treasures appear in illustrated form in these pages.

One of the most progressive iron foundries of Java is situated in
Djocja. We refer to the Constructie Atelier der Vorstenlanden. The
above Company was established on the 6th 'November, 1901, with a
capital of ;^8300. From igoi to 1910 the capital increased to ;^50,ooo
as the works had to be considerably extended by the addition of many
new machines.

The Company is now able to undertake repairs to and the making of
machinery for sugar, tobacco, rubber culture of every description of
estates at the shortest possible notice and at lowest prices, and also to
construct the very latest inventions in machinery. In igoi the Company
employed 70 workmen, which number has increased to 400 men since
then. Their iron foundry is well equipped enabling them to make cast-
ings up to 12 tons, and here it may be pointed out that a casting of 12
tons is very large for Java.

The Company has now established a very good reputation in the con-
struction of roofs, bridges, and all descriptions of steel constructional
work. This year they have secured an experienced engineer from Eng-
land, specially for this department. From May till September, igii, they
have secured nine large contracts for roofs, etc., and are always ready
to undertake new orders.

They are likewise agents for two large English and Belgian engineer-
ing firms. The Constructie Atelier der Vorstenlanden are the biggest
and best equipped engineering works of Central and West Java.

Situated in the centre of the sugar industry they always have a great
amount of orders for repairing and making of new machinery for all the
estates of the neighbourhood

203

204

The Company is under the direction of two clever engineers, Messrs.
George Henry Watson and Maurice Stok, who are assisted by an able
technical and mechanical staff.

An illustration of the works accompanies these remarks.

SOLO.

Visitors in need of medicines, toilet articles, etc., will ha\e no diffi-
culty in procuring their requirements from "the Solosche Valksapothcck
of Mr. J. F. L. Knufman, who himself is the Managing Director. A
business notice of this pharmacy appears in another section of the work.

SAMARANG.

Amongst the products of Java, djatti timber occupies a more and
more prominent place, the lumber trade being steadily on the increase.

Djatti is the local name for the universally-known "teak-tectona
grandis," the excellent qualities of which do not require any special
mention, the timber being too well known all the world over.

Java is the happy possessor of immense forests of this timber, which
are under direct control of the Government. A whole staff of officials is
in charge of this. great national wealth, which extends over 673,573 H.A.,
about 1,664,500 acres, and produces yearly about 300,000 M3, about
128,400,000 superficial feet.

The staff of this department consists of one chief inspector of
forestry, five inspectors, 38 foresters and quite a small army of lower
officials. The whole service is under the control of the Director of Agri-
culture.

Up to the middle of last century the felling of this fine timber was
under no control whatever, when, as early as i860, the Government
thought it advisable to regulate and control the working of private
persons in these forests, compelling them at the same time to replace
trees which they had felled.

During the following years much has. been done to conserve the
forests and if not the whole of this vast area has been laid out in
forestries (there are about 140), yet it is not the fault of the Government
but the consequence of scarcity of skilled labour.

Under those circumstances the Government cannot do without pri-
vate enterprise, and welcomes their support.

ao5

2o6

The cut timber which the Government pufs on the market is sold by
auction. The various parcels put up for sale are either very small, so as
to come within direct reach of the consumer, or of larger quantities to
enable the wholesale trade to have a chance of controlling a considerable
part of the total quantity placed on the market.

The annual production has regularly increased of late years and has
grown beyond the limits of the local demand. The trade has therefore
been obliged to look for new outlets, and has found ready markets every-
where on account of the shortness of teak supplies.

The principal markets are Europe and South Africa; the latter
country shows a very regular demand for Java teak sleepers, which seem
to have won great favour with all railway companies.

A prominent place in the lumber trade of Java is held by the Neder-
landsch Indische Houtaankap Maatschappy (Netherlands Indian Lumber
Company), which Company has offices at Samarang (head office) and
Sourabaya.

This Company has leased from the Government some 20 forests, and
ranks first among the buyers at the Government public auctions. The
Company has two timber depots wherefrom her important export business
is being regulated. One yard is at Samarang, whilst the other is at
Grissee, only a little distance from Sourabaya.

Until quite recently all the Company's tinxber was felled and squared
in the forests by manual labour. However, since the Government has
started working the forests, the timber is nearly all being put on the
market in the round log. As a consequence the Company had to establish
a sawing mill at Samarang. The output of this mill was only limited in
the beginning, but regularly new machinery being constantly added,
it is hoped that before long also their saw milling will take a first place in
this new industrj'.

As mentioned above, the Government only intends to put the timber
on the market in the round log, and is not inclined to continue the pro-
duction of sleepers, which have been of so much importance to private
companies. The sleeper trade, as a m.atter of fact, will be very much
hampered by this restriction, and the Nederlandsch Indische Houtaankap
Maatschappy has therefore started exploring the vast forests on the other
islands, in search for a timber, that can replace the djatti sleeper. It is
their firm belief that this attempt will meet with success and that they
will be able to place upon the market before long different kinds of timber
which will undoubtedlv find ready markets all through the Far East.

One of the foremost mercantile houses of Samarang is that of
Messrs. Jacobsen van Den Berg & Co. ; ranking among the oldest com-
mercial houses in Samarang — for it was established in i860 — this im-
portant firm of general importers and exporters, with branches at Soura-
baya and Batavia, carries on an extensive trade with Europe and Eastern
countries. Its European ofifice is Rotterdam. All goods suitable for the
Java markets, along the coasts and in the interior are imported by the
firm, while local grown produce of all kinds, including coffee, kapok,
hides and skins, cotton, tobacco, mace, nutmegs and tapioca are exported.
Piece goods comprise the largest part of the imports, however, while
teakwood, for which the firm finds a ready market in Europe, and Ijapok,
which is shipped to Australia and America, are the chief articles of export.
Imports of Australian butter and Australian, flour are rapidly gaining
importance.

Messrs. Jacobson van den Berg & Co. are. also leading importers of
all kinds of provisions, wines, spirits, etc., and as such hold the monopoly
for the goods of several important European and Australian establish-
ments.

Restored Gateway in the t'ourth Gallery. Boro Boedoer.
308

Samarang is a growing manufacturing centre, and quite a number of
industries fiave sprung up during the last 25 ylears, among which may be
mentioned the "N.V. Mest Fabriek Java," ori|;inally started in 1886.

In 1902 the present Company commenced operations with a capital of
about a quarter of a million guilders, their head office being at Samarang,
with branch at Sourabaya, and their output of fertilisers amounts to about
66 1 '^ of the total amount used in Java.

The ramifications of this concern, which is* the biggest of its kind by
far in the Netherland East Indies, has extended also to Europe and even

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The Java Mest Fabriek, Samarang.

to Japan. Enormous stocks are kept on hand, the Company being sup-
pliers to most of the leading sugar, coffeg and other estates, and
the management is steadily increasing their already large business
connections.

The Directors of the Company are Messrs. E. F. van Zanten Jub
and L. U. Kriisemann, while the business managers are Messrs. C. G.
Th. Kroemer and F. Ingerman.

The small illustrations accompanying this article will help the reader
to estimate the extent of this progressive establishment.

209

The large crops of tobacco grown in Java have induced enterprising
manufacturers to equip and conduct cigar factories, and of these Messrs.
Glaser & Co. established the first under th« name of Eerste Manila
Sigarenfabriek v/h Glasser & Co. in the year 1891, with a capital of
/25o,ooo. This factory produces Manila cigars in every variety of shape
and quality. The cigars manufactured here have become the general
favourites, especially since the Spanish-American war, when importation
of American leaf almost ceased on account of the quality becoming
inferior. Locally grown tobacco manufactured into cigars have won the
appreciation of the smoking public, and to-day the factory turns out a
cigar as high class in every detail as the best brands of Holland. Likewise
cigarettes of specially selected aromatic Indian tobacco and smoking
tobacco.

The establishment covers quite a large area adjoining the Java Bank,
and the arrangements as to its working are business-like and up-to-date.
The department include the sorting and selecting rooms, the actual
manufacturing, the box-making, labelling and packing rooms and are
under the supervision of about a dozen Europeans who control the work
of several hundred natives.

Messrs. E. Dunlop & Co.,
of Batavia, have a branch office
in Samarang which is conducted
on somewhat similar lines to
their branch establishment at
Bandoeng. Here this house has
a carefully-selected assortment
of wines and spirits, also Hav-
anna, Dutch and Manilla cigars,
Egyptian, Turkish, Russian and Virginian cigarettes, and the visitor will
do well to pay Messrs. E. Dunlop & Co. a \ isit of Inspection.

Among the export houses of Samarang the Koloniale Handel Con-
signatie Maatschappy holds a foremost po^sition. The Company is
working with a capital of /40o,ooo and has branches at Batavia, Soura-
baya and Tjlatijaps, while the head office is at Rotterdam, exporting
every kind of Java produce to China, Japan, Europe, America and
Australia.

Visitors requiring the services of a reliable "Tailleur" are recom-
mended to the magazine of Mr. M. van Rixtel, who, having the oldest
establishment of its kind, is commanding the support of civic and military
patrons and tourists alike. A business notice of this well-known house
appears in another section.

Messrs. Dunlop & Co.'s Offices, Samarang.

'1 he exceptionally well appointed aerated water manufactory ot
Messrs. R. Klaases & Co. deserves special mention. In this factory
absolute purity of the water by the most up-to-date scientific process is
a feature which has commended itself to the consumers of their splendid
product sold under the name of Hygeia.

Messrs. Klaasesz & Co. conduct, likewise, a large chemical store, to
which tourists are recommended.

The roads of Samarang being so well adapted to motoring it is not
surprising to see a great number of "autos. " about the city. Tourists
wishing to have a look at the vicinity of Samarang, with only a limited
time at their disposal should obtaiq a motor cfeir from the "Velodrome"

Velodrome, Samarang. -The Garage.— Natives Enjoying Tiffin. -Exterior of

the Premises

Garage, which has for hire a number of touring cars in charge of careful
drivers. Arrangements can be made for trips to Djocja, Solo, and the
Boro Boedoer at very reasonable rates.

Music lovers will be interested to learn that Messrs. J. H.Seelig and
Zoon (son) have extensive showrooms in the Heeren Straat. This old
established business has won the thorough appreciation of the musical
community of Central Java.

Corner of Show Room of Messrs; J. H. Seelig & Zoon Samarang

The firm imports pianos, organs, and other instruments from the
leading makers of the world, and their name has becomn a guarantee of
the excellent quality which their goods represent. The house was
established in 1886 and has since then progressed in a very marked
degree, necessitating the opening of a brlinch in Sourabaya. An
announcement concerning this firm appears in another of our columns.

Of the many beautiful shops which the resident and tourist has a
chance of visiting a place of prominence should be given to Messrs. Zikel
and Co., whose handsome premises are in the Heeren Straat. Messrs.

212

213

Zikel & Co. have made the requirements of tourists a special study, and
consequently are offering to their customers, among hosts of other items,
all and every kind of travelling requisite, stich as deck chairs, bags,
trunks, portmanteaux and other articles too n*umerous to mention. The
local resident is of course accustomed to find at "Zikel's" an assortment
of goods which only excellent taste, backed up by unlimited capital, can
stock under one roof, and bestows his or her patronage unhesitatingly
to this high-class emporium.

An instructive hour can be spent at the N.V. Meubel Industrie
Andriesse, a large factory, where that fine duTable wood called "teak,"
is fashioned into every kind of tastefully desi'gned furniture, beautifully
inlaid with silver and other metals. \'isitors who intend to return to
their home with a substantial souvenir of their trip to Java are especially
recommended to inspect Mr. Andriesse's fine manufactory, which is in
every way on a par with leading European epiterprises of a like nature.

The reader will find further reference to this business elsewhere in
these pages.

Example of Silversmiths Art, by J. Wolf. Samarang.

The writer was shown oxer the premises of the leading jeweller of
Samarang, Mr. J, WoU. Apart from a most complete stock of diamond
jewellery, watches, clocks, and optical goods Mr. Wolf has a large collec-
tion of silver natixe curios, which never fail to attract the attention of
visitors who are always anxious to secure a token or two for friends at
home.

Example or Silversmith's Art, Native Design, by J. Wolf, Samarang

Some little time ago an example of the silversmith's art was offered
to Her Majesty Queen Wilhelmina, of whose letter of thanks we present
our readers with a replica.

There being only a trifling duty on jewellery, tourists are often
attracted by the small prices of the goods obtainable.

SOURABAYA.

One of the largest and certainly one of the most important import
houses in Java-is the firm, Lindeteves-Stokvis, who are trading with a
capital of /5, 000,000. This Company are the principal importers of
machinery of every description, and represent in Java some of the best
English, American, German, Dutch and Austrian manufacturing firms
of engines, boilers, rice-threshers, road rollers, roofing, paint, metal
fittings, rubber machinery, milling requisites,, electrical appliances, etc.

The first care of a new arrival or tourist is to secure suitable Hotel
accommodation. This is not a difficult task in Sourabaya, the Oranje
Hotel being the recognised house to which the visitor unhesitatingly can
be recommended.

The Oranje Hotel stands in large grounds and presents a most
striking appearance, on account of the artistic design selected for
the building by the owner and his architect. The structure occupies
three sides of a square, allowing a well laid-out garden, facing the street,
to complete the block. These sides are set apart for single and double
sleeping apartments, each one having its own water service, with bath-
room and lavatory attached, the sanitary arrangements being perfect.
The main building contains a magnificent dining-hall, providing seating

accommodation for some 200 guests ; the office and bar are on the
ground floor, while on the first floor a reading-room, music and sitting
rooms complete a most elegant and comfortable modern hotel. Access
is obtained from the latter apartment to the two towers, where guests can
enjo}' the beauty of an eastern night over a cijp of mocca and a liqueur.
The whole hotel is elaborately decorated and furnished and is lit through-
out with the electric light. A roomy colonnade and piazza add to the
comfort which leaves nothing to be desired. The menu is a masterpiece
of the culinary art, a; hile the cellar is selected with the matured knowledge
of a connoisseur. Mr. Sarkies, whose family throughout the East can
be described as pastmasters in the art of hotel management, has sur-
rounded himself with a most efficient staff, making the ser\ ice of the
best in Java. A motor omnibus meets trains at Goebeng Station and
passengers arriving by steamer at Oedjong, conveying them in a few
minutes to the "Oranje."

The illustration appearing on the following page will assist the reader
to form some idea of this fine hotel which was opened to the public during
August, 191 1.

Adjoining the hotel will be found the newly-erected premises of
Rathkamp & Co., chemists and druggists, where toilet articles, patent
preparations and drugs may be obtained.

N'isitors requiring the professional services of a dentist should consult
Dr. W C. E. Koch, whose dental surgery is within a few minutes' walk
from the Oranje Hotel. Dr. K.och has seventeen years' experience in
America and holds Dutch and American diplomas of high degree. His
consulting hours are from 7 a.m. to t p.m. agnd from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m.
Appointments may be arranged for by telephone (82 Simpang).

Sourabaya is a large commercial centre^ and many industries are
here established to provide the wants of a growing population and
expanding trade. The number is very considerable and would require to
be dealt with in a special volume. As one of tlie most progressive enter-
prises may be mentioned the Industrial Comphny, Ltd., which has been
founded with a capital of /i ,000,000, for the purpose of working, on a
large scale, products from native vegetables, grown in lava, for native
use and export. The Industrial Company, Ltd., has at present three
factories — one for soap, one for margarine, and one for cardboard, which
are situated on the Ri\er Kalimaas, about 300 vards from the State
Railway.

The soap factory produces, besides soap (which is nearly all absorbed
in Java), oils from animal fat, obtained principally from .Australia.

216

21/

The "Margarine" factory supplies the native and Chinese population
with this commodity, but large quantities are also exported to the Asiatic
Continent. For the manufacture of margarine is used "premier jus" from
Australia, as well as Australian butter.

The oil factory produces oil for consumption, as well as for technical
purposes, from seeds grown locally. The oil for consumption withstands
the most instringent tests demanded for foodstuffs, whereas the technical
oils are of the best quality. The refuse is worked into a cattle food cake,
which has most valuable properties.

The cardboard factory produces straw and cardboard of fine quality
from rice-straw, bamboo and sugarcane Bagasse which is waterproof.
For Australian users of cardboard this factory is as important as it is for
those of Java, as the quality and price of this: cardboard can easily com-
pete with any European-made article. THis cardboard received the
diploma of the highest merit in the Fibre Exhibition of Sourabaya, 1911.
A great variety of articles are manufactured from cardboard, such as
tickets for railways, trams, etc.

The products of the Industrial Company, Ltd., are of great interest
to Australia, especially as regards the trade in animal fat, premier jus,
oil, cattle food cake and cardboard or cardboard articles generalh,.

The comparatively short distance between Java and Australia, as
well as the easy communication by improved steamship lines, constitutes
a factor which will no doubt create the desire of doing business with the
two named countries, in preference to far-distant Europe.

A picture or two of the factories, showing the shipping facilities at
the disposal of the Company, will prove interesting.

Messrs. Jacobson Van Den Bgrg & Co., a reference of whom will
be found in the Samarang Section, where their headquarters have been
established for over half a century, have opened a branch in Sourabaya,
and, although the latter does not go back quite as far as the foundation
of the Samarang head oflfice, the local firm is of co-equal importance.

As in Samarang, piece goods form the principal part of their imports,
but general merchandise is also handled. The firm, in addition, possesses
timber yards at Sourabaya for the export of teak wood, in which con-
siderable trade is done. Imports of Australian flour and butter have
likewise been developed and are increasing largely during the last few
years.

Whilst speaking of export matters mention should be made of the
Java Produce Trading Conipan>-, who deal extensivel}- in lava produce,
such as tobacco, skins and hides, etc., and who claim to be the larcrest

21C)

exporters of "kapok" in the world. The Managing Director of the
Company is Mr. H. Heimessen, a gentleman who has been singularly
successful in establishing important business connections in the principal
markets of Europe, America and Australia.

Reference should be made to another large export house, the China
and Ja\a Export Co., whose head office is in New York, U.S.A., with
head agency and branches respectively at Sourabaya, London, Amster-
dam, Samarang, Batavia, Tegal, Shanghai, Hangkow and Tientsien.
The bulk of their trade is in tapioca, kapok, cocoa, peanuts, copra and
sugar, while maize, citronella oil, copra and castor oil seeds and hides
and skins form no inconsiderable portion of their dealings.

In Sourabaya we find an-
other branch of Messrs. E.
Dunlop & Co., Batavia, which
it situated close to the "Sala-
mander" Pharmacy. The
premises are of larger extent,
perhaps, than those of the
other branch offices, and the
stock is of the most up-to-date
kind, from tourists' requisites,
such as trunks, portmanteaux,
etc., curios and fancy goods,

to cigars, cigarettes, tobacco and other smokers' requirements, and a
large assortment of sundries.

A large bulk store in another portion of the city is used as a whole-
sale department of the firm, who are doing a very extensive business
throughout the surrounding country districts..

Another large firm of machinery merchants is that of Messrs. Ruhaak
and Co. , Ltd. , who carry a large and varied stock of agricultural imple-
ments, tools, electric light and power plants, which latter are often
installed by them in factories, private houses, halls, etc.

Not far from one of the clubs of Sourabaya we notice on our way
through the city the fine pile of buildings occupied by Messrs. Carl
Schlieper & Co., as general machinery merchants, etc. The firm are
large importers of all goods connected with the ironmongery business,
as also with the machinery trade generally. During the vear igii this
house rebuilt and considerably enlarged their Batavia premises, bringing
them also in line with the requirements of their increasing clientele.

Adjoining the leading caf6 of Sourabaya in Passar Besar are situated
the handsome pharmacy and parlor of the N. V.. Apotheek de Wi^ndschap,

Messrs. E. Dunlop & Co.s OflSccs, Sourabaya.

221

to which tourists can be recommended. Mr. Van der V'elde, the genial
managing Director of this Company, has studied the wishes and wants
of visitors from all lands, and it would be difficult to find a more up-to-date,
or better-stocked chemical store than the " Vriendschap. " Another
column of this work gives further and more detailed information con-
cerning this excellent establishment.

If there is one place more than another where tourists of all nation-
alities generally, but from Great Britain and Australia particularly^
meet, it is Henderson & Co. 's. This old-established purely English firm
has, become the rendez-vous of all English-speaking visitors, who usually
make for this house to replenish their library with recent publications add
to acquire odds and ends necessary for their "travelling outfit. Messr^. ■
Henderson & Co. are always ready to assist "new chums" in the selec-
tion of routes of travels and to furnish valuable hints and information
generally, for which they have become deservedly popular.

This huge store is stocked with everything that a European resi-
dential population with modern notions and requirements can demand —
a Javanese Whitley, in fact.

Lovers of the soothing weed are recommended to the Store of Louis
Dobbelmann on the Societet's Straat. Mr. Lampe, the proprietor, is a
connoisseur, as far as tobacco in any shape or form is concerned, with
the result that clients can rely on a well selected assortment of cigars,
cigarettes and smoking tobacco being available for their approval.

The musical world of Sourabaya has one of the finest warehouses in
the whole of Java to choose their instruments in. We are alluding to the
extensive and handsome establishment of Messrs. W. Naessens & Co.
This firm was established at Sourabaya in 1889 and branches were opened
at Batavia in 1899, ^t Samarang in igii, and at Medan-Sumatra in igii.
In Holland this house as represented for purchasing purposes by \^^
Naessens & Co., Amsterdam — Leidsche plein, who represent the Pianola
Company at fhe Hague, Kneuterdyk and Amsterdam, Leidsche plein.
The firm brings into the market especially pianos and piano-plavers as
well as music in great variety.

A piano manufactory on a European motiel has here been estab-
lished, which is supervised by a European staff. The beautiful and
durable djati wood is extensivel}- used for the piano cases, being most
suitable for the tropical climate.

A handsome concert hail forms an important adjunct to the elegant
music rooms of this firm.

The Concert Hall— The Exterior— Views of Two Showrooms.
223

Turning from the last-named place towards the city we notice a
large double-fronted pharmacy— that of De Salamander, which claims
the attention of tourists on account of their specially selected million
and one articles, often completing the toilette of the gentle sex. A separate
and fuller notice appears among the announcements at the commence-
ment of this work.

Living in the East generally produces in a=large degree the desire for
certain dainties and luxuries not so frequently demanded or extensively
used in cooler climes. The Simpangsche Bazaar, situated about a
hundred yards from the Oranje Hotel is a veritable "Moccha" in the
Medina of toothsome morsels, brought here from the four corners of
the earth. In addition to the alread} long and ver)' complete catalogue
of delicacies of every description, the well assorted cellar is also deserving
of praise. A product of far away Australia has found its way into public
favour per medium of this establishment, namely, "Pineapple" cured
hams.

In the centre of the business part of Sourabaya we observe the
attractive windows of Mr. G. Mager's jewellery "Toko," where an
elaborate array of watches, diamond jewellery in great variety, clocks,
etc., also optical goods invite the beholder to inspect and acquire a
souvenir

224

Further down the Societet Straat visitors requiring any kind of
stationery, will easily discern the extensive premises of J. M. Chs. Nijland,
where Dutch and English books, stationery, post cards, pictures, fancy
goods, etc., may be obtained. Mr. Nijland has for some seventeen years
resided in Java and in 1902 commenced business as printer, account book
manufacturer, bookseller and stationer, which has proved very successful
permitting still further expansion and development. The celebrated self-
filling "Conklin" fountain pen has, on account of its reliable quality,
become very popular and is recommended to tburists as a handy addition
to their outfit, and can be secured at this plaae.

The Premises of J. M. Chs. Nijland, Bookseller. Stationer, etc., Sourabaya.

Passing along the Passar Bcsar, the large block of buildings of
Messrs, Protte! & Co. attracts immediate attention. This firm was
founded in 1884 by Mr. A. H. Prottel, under whose direction the business
increased rapidly, being at the present time one of the foremost of its'kind
in Sourabaya, the superior quality of goods gaining for them a high
reputation.

The business premises, which comprise a handsome new building,
built on thoroughly modern plans, are situated in Aloon Aloon Straat.
With splendid windov.' space at their disposal, the firm have apparently
remarkable opportunity of tastefully displaying their many novelties. The
showrooms exhibit a wide range of goods, and the various departments
into which they are divided are arranged so systematically as to avoid
confusion. The intending purchaser has no difficulty in finding exactly

pr'oltel Gebr
Providers

226

what is required. Articles of household furniture, including bedsteads,
mirrors, carpets, lanips, and pianos, even carriages and harness, are im-
ported from Holland, Germany, France, England, and recently from
America. In addition there are ladies' and gentlemen's outfitting de-
partments stocked with goods from the centres of European markets.
The firm have established a large connection, not only in the city, but
throughout the whole of Netherlands India.

Close to the offices of the Scheepsagentuur (K.P.M. Agency) across
the square we reach the printing establishment of Messrs. Fiihri & Co.,
who have been established for over fifty years as booksellers and
stationers, acquiring a large business connection during that period.

Almost every tourist visiting Sourabaya will be advised to pay a call
to that quarter of the city where the "Bombay" shops arc situated.
There is no denying that business men of this section understand the art
of displaying their goods so invitingly, as to tempt a stranger to enter
their shops and become a purchaser. The unfortunate part for the
latter is usually his want of accurate knowledge regarding the quality
■ and value of the goods, and care should be exercised in the choice of
shops to be patronised. There is one firm to which visitors may be
recommended, i.e., Messrs. Inagaki & Co., a branch of the firm in
Kioto, Japan, who offer silk and fancy goods in great variety, and may
be relied upon.

Bas Belief, Boro Boedoer.

SUMATRA.

Although only sparsely populated, Sumatra has, by virtue of its
natural advantages and resources, grown ir>to the second important

centre of Dutch activity. The progress
MEDAN-DELI '* particularly noticeable in Medan-Deli,

where the tobacco industry has been
responsible for the establishment of many progressive business houses,
the leading firms being Messrs. van Nie & Co., Giintzel & Schuhmacher,
Ltd., Harrison Grosfield, Ltd., Kerkhoff & Co., and Naudin ten Gate
and Co.

22'J

Messrs. van Nie & Co. commenced operations in 1885, under the
directorship of Mr. Jacob van Nie, one of the earliest pioneers of the
district. The firm are agents for the K.P.M., the Nederland Line, the
liotterdam Lloyd, and also represent a number of other important steam-
ship, insurance, and manufacturing interests. A branch of Messrs. van
Nie & Co. at Balawan, the port of Medan-Deli, is principal!}' attending
to their shipping agenc}', the export of tobacco, etc.

The Handel Maatschappy, Giintzel & Schuhmacher, also occupy an
important position in the community. Mr., Edward Goldenberg, the
managing director of the Company, kindly volunteered the following
particulars : —

Messrs. Giintzel & Schuhmacher's New Offices, Medan-Deii.

Mr. Carl Hick, who has held the position of German Consul at
Medan for eleven years, has been closely identified with the commercial
interests of Deli for more than t^\■onty years past. Among his other
interests and activities he is Director of the Handel My "Giintzel and
Schuhmacher," one of the most- important firms of its kind on the east
coast of Sumatra.

Founded in 1S89 by Mes.sis. (luslav Giintzel and F. A. Schuhmacher,
for the purpose of carrxing on a general import and estate, agencv busi-
ness, the firm prospered from the \c'r\ start.

In iHi).', the original partners sold the entire concern to Mr. Carl
Hicks and Mr. Aug. Jaenichen, who at that time were assistants on
neighbouring plantations, both having come out to Sumatra from
Germany seven years previously.

In 1905 the business was formed into a limited liability company
under its present title, with Mr. Hick as Managing Director, and Messrs.
Aug. Jaenichen and Eduard Goldenberg to assist him on the Board.

The firm has a capital ol' /i, boo, 000, fully paid-up, and branches at
Belawan and Loebock, Jakan, in Sumatra, and at Hamburg.

Latterly Mr. Jaenichen has represented the Company as Resident
Director at Hamburg, whilst Mr. Goldenberg has taken in hand the
management at Medan.

Amongst the principal agencies held by the firm may be mentioned
the Norddeutscher-Lloyd, the Hamburg-American Line, the Canadian-
Pacific Railway Company, the Kali-Syndicate, G.M.B.H., Stassfurt, the
Langkat Petroleum Works, and a number of first-class Dutch, German
and English Insurance Companies.

Mr. E. Goldenberg, of Guntzel & Schuhmacher, has a little summer
residence in the neighbouring hills which he often courteously places at
the disposal of tourists to this part of the Dutch Indies.

All the principal banks of Java are represented in Medan and private
banks have ahso obtained a solid footing in the district. We are alluding
to Messrs. Nandin ten Cate & Co., who only about three years ago
acquired the business. Originally established in 1892 the firm are now
employing a capital of /i, 000, 000 and enjoying the confidence of the
commercial world as a prosperous and reliable concern.

Messrs. Harrison & Grosfield have a branch office at Medan. Their
operations extend throughout the various tobacco and other estates,
dealing as they do in all the manifold requirements of the whole district.

Another firm of importance is that of Messrs. Kerkhoff & Co., who
were established in 1897 as general merchants and iron and machinery
importers. Messrs. Kerkhoff & Co. conduct a large number of agencies,
among which should be mentioned Lindeteves — Stokvis, Orenslem and
Koppel of London, Calcutta and Johannesburg, makers of portable rail-
ways, switches, waggons, locomotives, signals, and excavators ; also
Eigen Hulp, Batavia.

Visitors to Medan ha^e the choice of two \ery good hotels.

The Hotel de Boer, opposite the new Post Office, is a handsome
building of considerable extent, surrounded by a large number of apart-
ments in the bungalow style. The rooms are lofty, elegantly furnished
with every convenience, bathroom, verandah, etc., and make a most

229

cheerful impression on the guest. The culinary department and the wines
leave nothing to be desired, whilst the ser\'ice is excellent in every way.
The tariff ranges from /lo per day upwards and it is advisable to secure
accommodation by wire to avoid disappointment. The Medan Hunt
Club usually terminate their paper-chase at the Hotel de Boer, making
the scene a most picturesque and animated picture to behold.

N-DELI

230

In order to view the many glorious beauty spots, such as the
mountains, etc., in and around Medan-Deli the visitor should engage a
motor car, which can be obtained from the leading garage, that of Messrs.
van Marie & Co., who will supply a comfortable "auto.," with reliable
driver at very moderate rates. It is advisable to consult this firm regard-
ing the various routes of interest, which offer a great variety of scenic
attractions to the visitor.

2 -SI

The East Coast of Sumatra is well catered .for as regards news-
papers, the Post being the leading organ.

The Sumatra Post was established some thirteen years ago. After
enlarging its issue from a bi-weekly into a daily paper in 1899 the
Sumatra Post has succeeded in increasing the number of its readers year
by year and has now secured a well-known name amongst the Dutch
colonial papers. The Sumatra Post has its .readers in all parts of the
Dutch colonies and even in the Nederlands and the Straits Settlements.
It will be found in all ports from Port Said to Singapore and on board
of all the mail boats en route to the East, likewise in all the hotels of
Java. Locally it reaches all the planters and the technical folks working
in the tobacco and rubber industries.

The paper has always endeavoured to remain a perfectl\ independent
organ of public opinion. It is well-informed and supplies its readers with
news to be found in leading European journals. In order to be up-to-date
the management has secured a large and well trained editorial staff
under the able management of Mr. Aut. J. Lienfegoed, with correspondents
in different parts of the East Coast of Sumatra, Java, and other islands,
in the Nederlands and in other European countries.

The Sumatra Post devotes much attention to politics, interesting
general news and literature, but its financial and commercial columns
and the articles dealing with tropical curcure are also interesting reading,
being handled by experts.

Mr. J. Hallermann is the energetic manager and proprietor of De
Sumatra Post.

The oldest established hotel in Medan is the Medan Hotel, which
opened its doors in the year i888. It is the rendezvous of the planters,
who on the ist and i6th of each month flock to. this fine old hotel for the
purpose of discussing matters of interest. The main building has two
storeys and contains the vestibule and offices, a large dining hall, a
billiard room, and sitting and reading rooms on the ground floor, whilst
the sleeping apartments are on the floor above. Further accommodation
is provided by an annex, erected parallel with the two sides of the
principal building, including a pri\ate dining-room seating one hundred
guests, and a large number of single and double bed chambers. The
whole establishment is most comfortably furnished, the electric light
bcint; fitted in all the rooms. The service is efficient and the menu is
distinctly recherche.

The business of the hotel is conducted by a limited company and the
management is most obliging, and must be complimented upon the
excellent standard it maintains.

232

233

The Medan Hotel, Medan-Deli. Sumatra.

234

MEDAM DELI

Tourists or visitors to Medan, desirous of securing some memento
or souvenir of the district are recommended to visit the atelier of Mr. C.
J. KleingTothe, where a selection from the numerous beautiful post cards
and photographic prints will prove a difficult task. Special attention
must be drawn to albums of Sumatra and the Straits Settlement, which,
for artistic value, variety of subject and high-class production, are un-
surpassed. Atelier Kleingrothe is patronised by the Sultans of Deli and
Langkat and the leading citizens of Medan, their portraiture being of
undoubted merit.

235

Sumatra

Medan - Deli

A visit should also be paid to the establishment of Messrs. Cornfield.
This business was founded by the late \^' Cornfield in 1892 and is con-
ducted by his sons as outfitters and general merchants. The firm are the
oflicial suppliers to the \ arious sultans, and make a speciality of superior
diamond jewellery of every description, although their stock includes
well selected continental fancy goods, pictures and also the latest modes.

236

Mr. Tjons A. Pee, Captain China, and his ramily.

The Chinese community is well represented by
a number of firms of exceptionally good standing.
Foremost among these should be mentioned Mr.
Tjong A. Fee, the Captain China in Medan, who,
with his associates, is responsible to the Nederland
Government for the good conduct of his very
numerous compatriots in and around the city. Mr.
Tjong A. Fee is by repute enormously wealthy, be-
ing the owner of most of the residential allotments
in Medan-Deli. He is also interested in quite a

Mr. Tjong A. Fee,
Captain China.

Oocoanut Oil Works of Tjong A. Pee, Medan.
237

number of mercantile and manufacturing enterprises, such as the cocoa-
nut oil industry, the opium and spirit farms and other concerns of equal
magnitude, and is much respected.

Tile Oardens of Tjong A. Pee, Medan.

Other Chinese merchants include the name of Mr. Khoe Tjing Tek,
who is the recognised leader of the Hokian Chinese in Ueli and pro-
prietor of the flourishing firm of ironmongers and timber merchants, also
carrying on business as architect and contractor, under the style pf Khoe
Tjin Tek, Chop "Kang Chan." The head quarters of the firm are in

Mr. Khoe Tjing Tek's Premises. Medan-Deli

Mr. Khoe Tjin Tek.

Medan, with branches at ^elawan, in Deli, and at
Perak, in the Federated Malay States. In addition to
these interests, Mr. Khoe Tjing Tek is largely inter-
ested in several revenue farms, and his name is well
known as a smart, up-to-date man of business through-
out the East Coast of Sumatra. Born in 1874, Mr.
Khoe Tjing Tek is the son of the late Mr. Khoo Teng
Ko, Titular Lieutenant of Chinese in Laboean, Deli,
who died in 1893 at the age of forty-three. He takes
a great interest in all questions affecting the welfare of his countrymen,
and is a generous subscriber to charities. .A.mong the \arious public
positions he holds is that of President of the Mandarin School. Mr.
Khoe Tjing Tek is possessed of considerable landed property ; his
residence stands on an excellent site on the Medan Esplanade.

The largest wholesale and retail store in Medan is undoubtedly that
of N. V. Handel Maatschappij Seng Hap, which is managed by Mr. Tan
Tang Ho, the capital of the Company being /20o,ooo in 200 shares of
/looo each.

The Fine Stove of N. V. Haudel Maatschappij Seng- Hap, Medaii-Deli.

The \-isitor is impressed with the fine proportions of the building
occupied by the Company, which will bear favourable comparison with
the largest emporiums of Java, and the well-worn phrase, "from a needle

239

to an anchor" may well be applied to the enormous stock and the
opportunity it offers to intending purchasers.

The district being largely devoted to the -growing of tobacco a few
words concerning this industry will be appropriate.

TOBACCO.

Tobacco is grown extensively all over the Dutch East Indies, but it
is reserved for Sumatra to produce the finest leaf, chiefly owing to
the chemical composition of the soil and the suitability of climate. The
districts of Deli, tangkat and Serdang, in the north-east corner of the
island are famous for the excellence of the leaf grown there. The leaf
produced in Java is not as valuable, fetching roughly two-thirds less
than that of Sumatra, but the output is considerably greater, and in
1908 the total rose to 617,000 bales, and up to September, igog, 510,000
bales were exported, while in 191 1 the output reached about 800,000
bales. The planters in Sumatra employ natiVes to clear the jungle, to
build the drying sheds, and to make the roads, but the actual planting
and care of the plants is in the hands of Imported Chinese labour. There
are two grades, trained and untrained Chinamen. Those belonging to
the former have each a field given to them which they are obliged to
drain, cultivate and harvest at the proper time, whilst those of the latter
grade do general work, until sufficiently qualified for the first grade. The
area of these fields is about sixty feet by nine hundred feet. The worker
receives credit advances each month, which .are debited against crops
when harvested. Even after stacking and clearing the field which has
been burned for him, he must plant seed beds, one each week, for seven
or eight weeks, in order to be well supplied with plants. He must also
attend to the watering of them night and morning and keep them free
from weeds and grubs and other pests. The beds are protected by
coverings, and in about six weeks the seedlings are ready for trans-
planting. The ground is again broken up, raked, and the young plants
set in rows eighteen inches apart, with three feet between each row.
They are then covered with small planks to shield them from the sun. In
about a week's time they show vigorous growth. As a number of plants
die in transplanting, these must be replaced by fresh ones, to ensure
uniform growth all over the field. .\ fortnight later the earth is ridged
up to a height of four inches round the stems ; again to nine inches in
another two w eeks ; and a month later to twelve inches. As there are
about 12,000 plants in each field, some idea may be formed as to the
enormous amount of labour involved by these successive operations.
When a month old the bottom leaves are removed and buried at the
foot of the plant, and after fifteen or eighteen leaves have formed, the
terminal bud is brokin off to increase the size of the leaves, and all small

240

suckers removed in order to retain the value of the crop. As the planla
mature armies of coolies, men, women, and children are sent through
the fields hand picking the numerous pests which attack the leaves, such
as grubs and other insects, and each is provided w ith an empty tin which
must be filled at the completion of each day's work. When finally matured
the leaves are picked, one by one, and placed to dry in long sheds.

241

after which process they are carefully bundled together in the various
sizes and colours. They are then taken to the fermenting shed, where
the leaves are cured. The sorting and grading is next proceeded with
and finally the tobacco is packed in bales ready for export. This opera-
tion calls for great attention as regards length, colour, and quality of
the leaf, for when sold only one bale in every ten is opened, the value of
each consignment being based upon that particular package. The crops
are harvested in May and June and the general system is to allow the
land to lie fallow for about seven years after taking off one crop. The
ground is carefully drained and all vegetation is burned off. Sumatra
produces a fine silky leaf, excellent in colour and quality, which is used
for the outside wrapper or cover of a cigar. The present renown of
Sumatra tobacco is due to the untiring efforts artd praiseworthy perse-
verance of the Sumatra planters, whose motto has evidently been, "The
best is good enough for us."

The writer had the privilege of spending a day or two at the U.L.P.
Co. 's estates, where Mr. R. McLean, the administrator, courteously enter-
tained him, showing him over the principal portion of this great tobacco
plantation. A few illustrations accompany this sketch.

SINGAPORE.

Singapore, being one of the busiest ports of the British Empire, is
naturally to the fore in the matter of hotels. It is almost unnecessary
to recommend a hotel to the visitor or tourist as "Raffles" has become
a household word among the travelling public, journeying "East."

Suffice to say that Raffle's Hotel is an institution, where you not
merely eat, but where vou dine, where comfort and luxury blend
harmoniously yet unobtrusively, and where the unspoken wish is antici-
pated, making life easy and your stay most pleasant.

Visitors who ha\e only limited time at their disposal will be able
to inspect all the prominent places of interest in and around Singapore
by engaging a motor car from C. F. F. W'earne & Co.'s Garage, situated
at 2IO-2I2 Orchard Road, where a Napier or a Star, a Renault or a Rover
with a careful driver may be hired, at reasonable rates, per hour or day.

Tourists, requiring the services of an up-to-date chemist, are recom-
mended to the International Dispensary in High Street, occupying No. F.
and G. of Adis Buildings, w here drugs, pateut medicines, toilet articles
of every kind are obtainable, or prescriptions may be made up. The
Pharmacy is centrally situated, being onlv a few minutes' drive from all
the leading hotels or clubs.

Singapore is noted for the large number of fine stores which grace
the streets, and no difficulty is experienced in replacing or obtaining any
article necessary for the well-being of modern existence.

242

Few visitors can withstand the temptation of acquiring a memento
here and there for friends at home. There is one place particularly recom-
mended to tourists, namely, Messrs. Ismail & Raheem, in close prox-
imity to "Raffle's," where .special opportunity is offered for the purchase
of handsome souvenirs. Messrs. Ismail & Roheem are the leading
jewellers, diamond merchants and setters of Singapore, their fame
having spread throughout the Far East, on account of their splendid
assortment of precious stones, manufactured jewellery and gold and silver
Chinese and Japanese curios, etc. Hence visitors may be with con-
fidence recommended to their extensive showrooms at 82, i and 2 Bras
Bassah Road, where a pleasant hour \\i\\ be spent inspecting the beautiful
gems displayed.

The Singapore Cold Storage Co. have a large establishment here,
a detailed notice of which appears in the advertising columns of this work.

stone Carving, Boro Boedoer.

243

5E.CT10N II.

CHAPTER II.

noveRTiseMeriTS.

"v^

^AUG. SAVELKOUL. ^

-^se^

"'SD

A Perfect Fit, a Fiishioiiable Cut and Excel-
lent Workmanship are the three things guaran-
teed by the Gentlemen's —

Outfitting and Clothing Establishment

of Aug. Savelkoul. What more=could even a
dude require ? The firm have been iu exist-
ence in —

..WELTEVREDEN..

since 1886, and the number of their patrons and
the reputation they hold are proof that they can
keep their word. Their premises, including
the workshop, cover an area of over 2200
square metres, and their general equipment com-
pare quite favourably with European houses.
European ' ' Cutters ' ' are employed and are
engaged, not only in making patterns, but also
in superintending all the sewing work in the
Tailoring Department. Gentlemen making a
trip on the Isle of Java may require white clothes
within a day, and will be guaranteed fine fitting.
Prices of these white goods are much cheaper
than in Europe and Australia. In the general
outfitting department an especially large stock
is maintained, and the traveller will be able to
find there practically everything he may require
on his journeyings.

Mr. Aug. Savelkoul. the pfoprietor of the
business, was for some twelve years in Nether-
lauds India. He is now in Amsterdam super-
intending his various interests there. The firm
have branches iu —

SOURABAYA. SEMARANG, AMSTERDAM, ANTWERP
STRASSBURG, LIVERPOOL and PRETORIA

liii.

VAN ARCKEN & CO.

BATAVIA and SOURABAYA

Jewellers, Watchmakers and Engravers

To the Court of the Netherlands since 1854.

Manufacturers

and Repairers

of all kinds of

JEWELLERY

Fancy
Native Hand\work

a. Speciality.

JXL-.

Workshop for

Electroplating and
Gilding.

Specialists in Repairing

Chronometers

and Fine

Lever Watches.

Grandfather,

Westminster Abbey
Clocks, £rc.

SOLE AGENTS for the Netherlands East Indies of the ZENITH WaTCH, which represents
the highest grade of perfection in time keeping and excellence in workmanship

liv.

GYS ELMAN & S BUP,

Genera] Brokers ,
BATAVIA, WELTEVRED[N, SAMARANG, SOERABAYA.

Telegrams :

' podesta, batavia.''
' montbi^anc, weltevri^de^•."
' Gymnast, samarang."
' simplon. soerabaya."

Codes :

ABC 4th AND 5th Edition.
Mercuur Code 2nd Edition.
N. I. Cyfercode.

Partners :

J. P. J. VAN MAANEN
Th. G. H. STIBBE

Batavia.
soerabaya

Powers of Attorney :

C. A. UEBENSCHUTZ

J. A. POnBtON

J. P. A. PARIS

A. J. VERSTEEG .

A. M. DE BUY WENNIGER

Th. tIGTHART

R. VERMEYS

BaVavia.
BATAVIA.

Samarang,
Samarang.
soerabaya.
soerabaya.

WELTE VREDEN .

Brokers in all Java Products.

SPECIALITIES being

Susar, Rice (Java, Rangoon & Saigon), Coffee,
Tea, Coprah, Pepper, Damar, Ground Nuts,
Peanuts, Capoc, Rubber &c., &c.

Lxtensive Business is done in Stocks, Shares,
Insurances, and Exchange.

ADVISED DAILY BY CABLE THE POSITION OF ALL THE EUROPEAN MARKETS.

Batavia Office for the Collection,

Clearing and Desjpatch of

Goods.

Rijswijk, 13 Weltevreden;,..

All kinds of Goods promptly despatched to every
part of the Netherland Indies and to Foreign countries,
by post, rail or steamer. Passengers' Luggage, Goods
from Abroad, etc., cleared at the Custom House,
collected and forwarded at reasonable charges on
receipt of full written instructions and documents.

INFORMATION OF ALL KINDS

■■ Supplied to

TOURISTS AND TRAVELLERS.

The firm has its own Transport Service, with 100
horses and 50 grobaks (vehicles) for the despatch and
collection of Goods entrusted to their care.

In short, the above Office makes it its aim to supply
to the public every possible assistance which they
may require in the conduct of their business.

Ivi.

Office Appliances Co.

N. H. HAMMELBURG.

° — ° Rijswijk, Weltevreden.

HIS business was founded on February 1st, 1908,
by Mr. HAMMELBURG, who remains Sole Proprietor.
Ttie firm holds the Agency for RONLO LTD.,
London, for the whole of the Netherland Indies,
and has made " Roneo " a household word in
this country. The firm's speciality consists in all

kinds of Modern Up-to-date Office Appliances, such as Writing, Copying

and Duplicating Machines, all the requirements for the best " Card "

systems, etc., etc.

There is a Repairing Shop for every kind of Typewriter, and of all

other machines and modern business appliances.

There is also a Department for Typewriting, where by means of the
duplicator the public can be supplied to order with any number of
Circulars, Business Notices, etc., etc. There is a number of Lady Typists
in the office, and Tourists or business men requiring Reports, etc., can
have these typed rapidly and accurately in small or large quantities,
from 1 to 1,000,000 copies. Experienced Typists, may be engaged for
short or long periods. As an indication of the extent of the business,
it may be mentioned that the revenue last year from typewriting alone
amounted to f. 1800, while upwards of 300 Typewriters were sold.

The firm has instituted a School for Typists, the fee for a complete
course of training being only f. 15. There are at the present time forty
students. No less than 543 students have succeeded in gaining
Certificates by examination after attending the School, and most of
these have found employment in the various business houses. The
demand is often greater than the supply.

For the supply of Typewriters and Up-to-date Office Appliances
this firm has the highest reputation and is the best kno^n throughout
the whole of the Netherland Indies.

The OFFICE APPLIANCES CO. is the Head Agent in this Country
for the " Oliver," " Hammond," " Underwood," " Adier " and Smit Bros.'
Typewriters.

Ivii.

^^s

Established 1883.

I DUNIOP & CO.

General Merchants
and Importers

Wine and Spirit Merchants.

Sole Importers and Agents for the (olUrwine Celebrated
Goods:

Piirre Chabanneau & Co.'s Brandies and Wines.
The Isle of Skye Whisky. Wittkampf Gin.

Usher's Whisky. Menkes" Gin.

Amstel Beer. Bbkina Gin.

l.ucas Bols' Gin and Liqueurs.
Gutierrez Hermano's Invalid Port.
Korff's Cocoa and Chocolate Tablets.
Bitters.

Swiss Milk (Bear Brand).
Bordeaux, Greek and Italian Wines.
Champagnes and Brandies.
A G. Cousins & Co.'s Celebrated Egyptian Cigarette Company,
Malta.

Th. Vafiadis & Co., M. Malachrino & Co . and the Anglo-
Egyptian Cigarette Company, Cairo.

Also English, Turkish and Russian Cigarette's.

Large stock ol Havana, Dutch and Manila Cigars.

Sporting Goods, Bicycles, Japanese Curios, Travellers' Requisites.

Head Office: BAT A VI A.

Branches: WELTEVREDEN, BANDOEInG. SAMARANG
and SOERABAYA.

East India Sea and Fire Insurance Company
Batavia Sea and Fire Insurance Company

Netherlands Lloyd

Java Sea and Fire Insurance Company
Fire Insurance Company "Ardjoeno"
Fire Insurance Company "Veritas"

Subscribed Capital f 11,200,000

Joint Reserve funds • 1,693,992,98

Joint Premium Reserve Punds 1,309,984,30

DOING THE BUSINESS OF

FIRE INSURANCE on Dwellings, Furniture, Public

Buildings, Godowns, Sheds, Goods, Produce, Ships in
Harbour, Etc.

MARINE INSURANCE. -Hulls of Steamers, Cargo,
Advanced Freight, Luggage, Harbour of Refuge, Etc.

ACCIDENT INSURANCE. -Plate Glass, Guarantee,

Personal Accident and Employers* Liability, Burglary,

Theft.

HeaO, OMce: BATAVIA.

L. M. J. VAN SLUYTERS .. Manager.

C. A. WIESSING, h.h.'D. Secretary.

BBANCH OFFICE a IN JAVA:
Sourabayu— fiemarmig—

J. J. SNOUCK HURGRONJE, Manager. H. S. WENTINK, Manager.

BRANCH OiFICES IN AUSTIt'ALIA:

MELBOURNE— Qwfll St., n SYDNEY— Bridge St., 19'»J

W MHDHURST TAYLOR, Manager. P. H. M. CRANE ) Joint

, A. KERRON (Managers.

lix.

MAINTZ & CO.

PARI5,
AM5TE.RDAM,

50LRABAYA,
and

BATAVIA, SLMARANG.

Exporters of all
JAVA Produce.

Importers of Australian Coals.

HLAD AGLNTS OF THE

German-Australian Steamship Company

(Deutsch-Australische Dampfschiffs Gesellschaft),
At HAMBURGH.

AGENTS OF THE.

Wireless Telegraph Company,

" Telefunlcen " Systenj
(Gesellschafl fur Drahtlose Tele^raphie and System Telefunken, G.m.b.H.).

At BERLIN.

^ == " J'

Ix.

6. 0. C. GffiRITS

Importer

AND

Exporter

BATAVIA (JAVA).

Bankers :
NEDERIANDSCH - INDISCHE ISCOMPTO - MAMSCHAPPIJ.

Ixi.

_^^ V _ . . ^.(^^^^ .

J obo Pr yce & Co.

Auctioneers & Commission Agents

- to the Government of the Dhtch Indies. — =

Furniture Store:

Kali-Besar,
noordwijk.

^BATAVIA®

JAVA.

DRILLS-Khaki and White. COTTON-Shiptipgs, Sheeting. PLATE-

— Electro-Plated Goods. KNIVES— ' Rodger-s'" Pocket, Bowie, ete-

SCISSORS—" Rodgers'" 9in. Cutting-out, etc. RAZORS— " Rodgers'"

Best Ivory Handles.

GUNS— Sporting Double-ESarrel, cal. 12, 15, 24, 28, and 12 m.m.

RIFLL5-- "Winchester,"

22 AUTOMATIC, 10 SHOT. 22 SINGLE SHOT.

PISTOLS - " Colts," " Browning " Automatic, cal. 32 and 38.

^^= RLVOLVLR5 -=

•COLTS" POL1CE.-POSIT1VE. Cal. 32 and 38.
■SMITH & WESSON" D.A.. Cal. 38.

FILTERS— "AtUen's," " Army " en "Navy"
SOAP— " Pears'," "Calvert's," " Cutiole," etc., etc.

Ammunition for foregoing Guns, Pistols, Revolvers, etc.

SPORTING ACCESSORIES-Cartridge Cases, etc., ete.

"TOWER BULLDOG" Pocket Revolvers, 450,etG.

A VARIETY OF ARTICLIL5 FOR TOURISTS, Ltc.

WINES -Bordeaux, " Chateau Montagne." BRANDY -Vieux Cognac
WHISKY-D.C.L , King Geopge IV.

Ixii.

A- N.

FABRIEK van STOOM en andere WERKTUIGEN

c^^

TAYLOR & LAWSON

Yzergietery en Kopergietery

Thee', Suiker-, Koffie- en Kubber Machines.

Agenten voor de Automobielen van de merken :

^ de DION BOUTON, NAPIER, LACRE [^

"<\ — f>

Construeeren yzeren bruggen en gebouwen.
WUNDERLICH'S plafond yzer in alle soorten.

^ Diverse pompen W. O. GOULD'S (SENECA FALLS)

Dryfwerk en diverse dryfriemen zooals
CANDY'S en BALATA.

Reparatie van alle soorten van Automobielen.

Telegram' AdreS : I 1 Codes a B C 4e en 5e Ed

" LAWSON." ^' ^"^ineering.

^ =^ =

Ixiii.

Bataviaasch Prauwenveer

(Batavia Lighter Factory)

Ninety lighters with a capacity of
2000 tons.

Lighters for Hire and -for Sale.

Tugs ready for Towing and for Trips
and Picnics around the Islands,
etc., etc.

" Ixiv.

MINERAAL WATERFABRIEK

4( I ^f Al^ "T^T TV T A »9

Molenvliet Oost 33 -

Telefoon No. 187.

Weltevreden.

Tetegramadres FORTUNA.

De Limonades en Minerals Wateren van
deze fabriek munten uit door hunne zuiverheid,
aangename en verfrisschende smaak, gepaard
met hoog koolzuurgehalte. Certificaat van het
ehemisch onderzoek door het Laboratorium
voor MierosGopisch en seheikundig onderzoek
van de "N.V. Bataviasche Volks- en Stads-
Apotheek " ligt in de fabriek ter inzage voor
ieder belangstellende.

iMINERAL WATER FACTORY

"FORTUNA"

The MINERAL WATERS of this Factory are noted for the
excellence of their quaUty, pleasant flavor and refreshing taste.

They are made in the following varieties :

APOLLINARIS

STRAWBERRIES

APPLE

PINEAPPLE

LEMON

CASCADEL

CHAMPAGNE CIDER

CACAO

RASPBEKWES

GINGER

GRENADINE

VANILLA

GINGEFk ALE

CHERRIES

KOLA

APMCOTS

£rC. &-C,

LEMON SQUASH

LONA

PEARS

PEACHES

SINAAS APPLE

WILHELMINA

SOP.BETTA

ORANGE

(

Orders "Promptly Executed.

Molenvliet Weltevreden.

TE.LLPHONL No. 187.

LS.

Kv.

=i^

Buitenzorg Textile factory

(PLLDANG-TLNGAH).

<^.

Native Handweaving Factory

- . . and . . .

Battikwork Symbolical Patterns.

Old Indonesian Art.

OLD LLMURIAN AND PRAL-

ATLANTLAN GLOMLTRICAL

PATTE.RN5.

Proprietress ;

Miss H. E. van MOTMAN SCHIff,

BUITLNZORG, JAVA.

Preanger Hotel

(v/h THEIM),

Bandoeng = dAVA.

Passengers by Lxpress Train will please
advise their arrival by Cable to

-PREANGER HOTEL-
Bandoenq.

A.B.C. Code, 5th Ldition.

T^^~"^,

Bandoengsche
Kininefabriek

(Bandoeng Quinine Factory),

BANDOENG JAVA.

The Largest Quinine Factory
in the World.

SITUATED AMIDST THE JAVA CINCHONA
PLANTATIONS.

Manufactures about 2,800,000 oz. of
Quinine, Sulphate and Salts.

SUPERIOR. QUALITY. 'LOWEST PRICES.

i 1

Speciality : Sugar-coated Tablets.

For Prices and Samples apply to the

BANDOENGSCHE KINI^EFABRIEPx,

Bandoeng (Java). Ji

kix

Man spricht Deutsch. On parte Fran<;ais.

[Ln^lish spoken.

Hotel Van Horck

GAROLT (JAVA).

'CTS'

2200 feet above 5ea Level.

Largest and Most Popular Hptel in Garoet.

Best Accommodation for Tourists.

Comfortable Large Rooms ; perfectly dry.

Excellent Cuisina.

Hot & Cold Baths, 5howerbattis, and all sanitary
arrangements.

Absolutely Up-to-date

LNGLLSH SPEAKING PORTERS
MELT ALL TRAINS AT

Fjibatoe Junction & Garoet Station

® ®

5plendid Excursions in the Neighbourhood.

Ixx

GAROLT(Java) □ ^o^oTr'^'T^'

.^,400 ft. above sea level.

@ Botel Papandajan ^

(or ' ^ ^

Healthy and Central Situation. - Three Ninutes from Station.
Near Post and Telegraph Office.

40 Beds. Each Roam has Separate Verandah.
Gasoline LiSht. Electric Bells.

Hot & Cold Siti Baths. Reading Rooms.

Shower Baths. Dark Room for Photographer.-^

French Cuisine, undar personal supervision of the Proprietor.

Gravel Tennis Court. Babminton Court.

All arrangments for Tours in the District may be made in the Hotel.
Direct Telephonic Communication with the whole of Java.

The Hotel is under the personal supervision of the Proprietor
..and his wife,

Mr. & Mrs. A. Hacks.

Codes: A.B.C 5th Edition; Java Hotel Code.

A Branch of the above Hotel will shortly be opened at the road
to the "Volcano Kawah-Kamodjang, at a height of 5,000 feet above
sea level.

Temperate Climate.

Golf, Tennis, Babminton, Bathing, Boating, Fishing and Shooting.

Magnificent Site, resembling English Park Land.

<7\

English, Dutch, German and French Spoken.

English Speaking Porter meets all Trains at Tjibatoe, the Junction

for Garoet. fP

.3^:

"KUNSTARBEID"

(WORK5 OF ART.)

\ /isiTORS are invited to the Exhibition
of JAVANESE HANDWORK'!

Batikwork - Leatherwork

== Wajangs ^=

- Silver and Brass Work -
Krisses and other Weapons

=^ Carvings, Ltc, Ltc. =

^arrMn^C (P^*'^''" authorized by

OalUl IgO THE SULTAN OF DJOOAKARTA)

No one is pressed to purchase. English, Trench and German Spoken.

Mrs. ter HORST, TOEGOE

Near the Railway Station ^-- JAVA

of DJOCJAKARTA . ^ "^

Ixxii.

Solosche Volksapotheek

rAsk youp Coachman for the Kammep
Obat MACHILIS, di LODJIWETAN

t^ty

Chemists and Druggists

Furnisehers of Z. H. DE SOESSOEHOENAN 10,
and the PRINCE MANGKOENEGORO VI.

English Spoken. Man Sprif.ht Deutseh. On Parle Frangais.

Large Qhoiee of

SPECTACLES

MEDICINES and PATENT MEDICINES

DRESSINGS and BANDAGES

GUMMI-ARTICLES

MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS
PHOTOGRAPHY

Lrste Manila

Sigarenfabriek

C/h GLASER & CO.)

ESTABLISHED 1891

MANUFACTURERS of

MANILA
HAVANA

and

DUTCH POINTED SHAPES

Also

CIGARS

INDIAN TOBACCOS

Pir* ARP'TTP'^ Of SELECTED AROMATIC
\^l\JrAl\l_. 1 1 l_J»J INDIAN T<

SMOKING TOBACCOS, etc., etc.

TRIAL ORDERS will receive every care and attention.

JOH. C. LEBERT ^ Managing Diredor

JOH. C. LEBERT & CO.

IMPORT and EXHORT

Hoofdagenten van de Am^erdamsche Mij von Levens

ver Jeketing

Telegram Address ■: JOHLEBERT.

4th and 5th EDITION A. B.C. CODE.

SAMARANG - Java J

l.wiv.

Deze htils

beschermt de uitschenkopening
tegen infectie door onreine handen
gedurende het transport
van de fabriek naar
den consument.

Hygeiawater

Edel

tafelwater.

Kw.

Machine & Rywielfabriek

" Tropical " Machines and Auto-Cars.

Sole Importers of the Celebrated-

"DURKOPP"

Auto=Cars,

The Finest Mountain Climbing Cars in the Market.

Before pur=
chasing please
inspect our
stock or write
for catalogue
and detailed
information.

H.. FRICKE, Director. :: Samarang, JAVA

Ixxvi.

J. M. KLLIN

^1 ^

Stevedore and ^ ^ samarang
! Shipchandler JAVA

Provisions supplied to Steamers

ON SHORTEST NOTICE

All Kinds of Stevedoring Work undertaken

RATES ON APPLICATION.

S6e

New Samarang Stevedoring Go.

W. ROWLEY, Manage?.

STEVEDORES — SHIP CHANDLERS

SUPPLIERS OF WATER, SHIPS' GEAR, &c.

CONTFkACTOKS to the

K.P.M. Line

BUKNS, PHILP
CURRIE
BKITISH-INDIA

ASIATIC

HANSA

NEW ZEALAND

JAVA'BENGAL

JAVA'CHINA'JAPAN Line.
JARDINE, MATHESON Line, Hongkong.

. SAMARANG

Ixxvii.

--%

^^^'^ voorheen A. H. SUERMONDT. "^

IMPORTERS OF

Motor Oil, Gasoline Lamps ^^ Fittings

And GENERAL COMMISSION AGENTS,

INSPECTION
CORDIALLY

INVITED.

SAIVIARANG

,JAVAi.

E AiV. AGIMTUUR eh COWMISSIErWlDEL MU JBl

BOJONG - SEMARANG.
Benzine, Gasoline en Automabiline, Machine=oIien, Molor^olien (Moesiline).

EN GROS a EN DETAIL.

GASOLINE

reservoirlampen (B est Ligl)
draadinstallaties van af f 60. Ccmpleet
pijpleidinginstallaties .

Op alle lanipeii .\/rt;vn voile (uivnntU' en eeiis om de drie maanden koBteXoos sclioonmakeu en
onderhonden icn hulze van de tfobruiiern.

Contractanten voor gasoUiie-verlichling^en van de Staatsapoorwegen O./L.. Ned : - Ind. Spoorweg
Mij,, vele Tramlijueu, havenverUchtingen, fabrieken, straatverlichlingen enz. ens.
Benzine lev^rnncitrs der Java Motor Club voor Middciijava.
ViviayL onze geiUusli-eerde pnjscourant 19U— lOli.

-U

Kolonialc Mondcl

and

Consignatic Maatschappy

EXPORTERS

SEMHRnHQ

Bninvin

("^3

souRnBHjn

TJILnTJflP

Mead Office- Rotterdam.

Boompjes, 58, N etherland

Head Office in JAVA, SEMarang

Capital

f 400,000

BANKERS ;

NETHERLAND TRADING "SOCIETY,
JAVA.

EXPORTERS of all JAVA PRODUCE to
Europe, America, China, Japan, Australia.

Telegraphic Address; "KOLHAND."

CODES :

A. B.C. 5th Edition." Western Union Code

Private Codes.

^^N-

Ixxix.

,">

-f-' r-^

J. WOLF,

Jeweller, Watchmaker, Optician,
Diamond Setter.

Large and well-assorted
Stock of

CLOCK5,

WATCHES,

DlAnOND

of every description.

Sole Importer of the
Celebrated

"INVAR"

WATCHES

The Best in the
Market.

Birthday, Wedding, and Christmas Presents for Ladies
and Gentlemen in great variety.

Gold and Silver Native Souvenirs for Tourists and Visitors.

REPAIRS CAREFULLY EXECUTED.^

Correspondence Receives. Prorrtpt Attention.

U. WOLr, Ueweller,

Si'f notici> in the Commercial Seotio
of tfiis work,)

SAMARANG, JAVA

^=^ J. WOLF, c=i

Jeweller and Diamond Merchant,

SAMARANG. ^=

SECRETARIE
H, M. DEkONINCIN.

'/V"/ * ..^t^ ■^^r^^tLM-e.^.^-^^t^^if^ ■ if ,y^&^um^^.

ycL^.

Faesimile of a Letter- of Acknowledgment

from the Private Seet-etar, to Her Majesty QUEEN WILHELMINA

to Mr. J. WOLF, Jeweller, Sawarang, Java.

ZIKEL&CO.

Heerenstraat, ^-^ Semarang

Paradeplein ■--^^^''^-^'"- (Java-.

Open from 7.30 a.m. to 7- p.m.

MODERATE PRICES. FREE PACKING.'

A ehoice and varied assortment of Tourists' Outfits espeeially selected
fop theip approved taste and Gonvenienee.

Travellers' Requisites. Deck Chairs.

Steel Trunks. Wooden Trunks. Hand and City Bags.

Time Keepers and Alarm docks.
Portable Lamps. Aluminium Pienie Hampers. Thermos Flasks.

Toilet Requisites. Soaps. Perfumeries. Combs. Sponges.^

Hair and Clothes Brushes. Tooth Brushes. Razors.

A huge assortment of Ribbons of all qualities in different shades and

diverse widths-
Latest Novelties from London, Paris, Berlin and Vienna.
Blouses, Faney Skirts, Frocks (finished and unfinished), Japanese Silks.
Sporting Hats, Motor Caps, Dust Cloaks, Motor Veils.
Ladies' and Gentlemen's Waterproofs.
Belts, Field Caps, Fans, Parasols. Handy Haberdashers.
Summer and Winter Materials for home voyagers. Jaeger's Underwear.
Stationery, Maps, Etc., Etc.
DISPATCH AND SATISFACT-IGN GUARANTEED.

° ZIKEL & CO. °

Semarang (java) Bandoeng

5~-.

N. Y. Semarangsch Stoomboot
en Prauwen Veer

:: Established 1898

Li.RGE FLEET OF LIGHTERS for the discharging
of Cargo available at short notice.

Steam Launches, '&e.

BRANQHES at

MUNTOK, BLINJOE, SOENGEILIAT,
PANGKAL PINANG, KOBA,
TOBOALl and SOENGEISLAN.

Mead Office: SAMARANQ, JAVA

Ixxxiii.

=sc=

soESMnris

Emigratic Venclu en
Commissic Kcintoor

GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
AUCTIONEERS-

riustralian Fodder

AND

Labor Contractors.

HORSE DEALERS.

IMPORTERS OF

Australian Butter, Pork, Hams,

&c.
CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.

s-A.Dyn^iRj^isro, crj^^v^A.

Visitors to Samaranff /

You may require some White Suits,
or Garments made of ENGLISH
FLANNEL or CHINESE SILK !

■TS

For these and all other
Requirements Go to to

IvanfflM

Heerenstraat,
5amamng.

HEEREN MODE MAGAZIN.

THE LmPlNQ
MERCIiANT .

TAILOR.

Material, Style and Fit Guaranteed.

(renUemen of Samarang ! One trial will suffice.
Satisfcwtion in every order placed in my hands.

MDIVTCT THE OLDEST HOUSE

. van KIA. 1 lLL. in samarang

N.V. Meubelindustrie Andriesse

ANNEX

SPIEGEL & GLASFABRIEK

Telegram- Adres : "INTEPvlEUKS."

A.B.D. Oode—Mercuur Code.
Fabriek PONTJOL, SEMARANG,

MEUBILEERINGEN

in alle gewenschte stijlen.

STOFFEERDERIJ.
BEHANGERIJ.
BORDUURIN RIGHTING.

SPIEGEL- FABRIEK.

Glasslijperij. Glas in lood.

Glas in koper.
Geschilderd gebrand glas.
Opnieuw foelien van oude Spiegels.

SEMARANG (javai

Ixxxvi.

Telegraphic Address :
■ 1NTE.RILURS."

A.B.C. and MLRCUUR
Codes.

Cbe flndriessc

Furniture, Mirror and Glass
Manufactory.

Highest Class Furniture of every description
Upholstered, Draped and Installed.

Large ,Stocic of MIRRORS, LOOKING GLAS5L5,

Slc. 5ic.

INSPECTION INVITED. Tourists shown over the Factory.

FACTORY:

PONTJOL, SAMARANG.

LINDETEVES-STOKVIS

AMSTERDAM V7 V BATAVIA

SEMARANG

SOERABAIA TEGAL

Capital - fl 5,000,000.

Principal Importers of Machinery of every
Description TOOLS & HARDWARE.

Sole Agents for

Messrs. RUSTON PROCTOR en COY., LTD., Linooln, England.
Portable Engines, Road Rollers, Rice Thrashers, Steam
Engines, Boilers.

APPINCEDAMMER BRONSMOTOR FACTORY, Appingedam,
Holland. Simplest, Best, Longest During Oil Engines.

PARRAFINE PAINT COY.; San Franeisco, Mass., U.S.A.,
Malthoid and Pabeo Roofing.

VEREINIGTE GUMMIWAAREN FABRIKEN HARBURG-
WIEN, Germany and Austria. Rubber, Asbestos, Belting.

THE MAGNOLIA ANTIFRICTION METAL COY OF
GREAT BRITAIN, England.

Messrs. T. ^ARMUTH & COY., LTD., Manchester, England.
Cocoafibre Machinery.

LE RIPOLIN, Amsterdam, Holland.

Messrs. A. T.. MORSE, SONS & CO., LTD., Lincoln, England.
Calcarium Waterpaint. ,

Messrs. T. A. W. CLARKE, LTD., Leicester, England. Rubber
Machinery.

Specialties for Complete Installations of Sugar Mills;
Ice Plants; Workstiops for Railway Companies; Oil
Factories ; Tapioca, Flour and Rice Mills, etc., etc.

SPECIAL DEPARTMENT FO.^ ELECTRICITY MANAGED
BY ELECTRO-TECHNICAL &>JGINEERS.

~X/\)^

Oranje Hotel

50LRABAYA (Java).

T^His Palatial Hotel, quite recently
opened to Visitors, has been specially
designed for the comfort and convenience
of its Guests.

CENTRALLY SITUATED.

SPLENDIDLY APPOINTED
APARTMENTS.

Each Room having its own Water Service.

MAGNIFICENT DINING HALL.

EXCELLENT CUISINE,
CELLAR AND SERVICE.

A Motor 'Bus meets all Trains and Steamers

CoPPespondence addressed to tlie Manager- receives
prompt attention.

Ixxxix.

0. HAOER

Jeweller :: Gold & Silver Smith
Watchmaker & Optician

5oerabaya .*. iJAVA.

Large and Up-to-Date Stock of Diamond Jewellery of every description.
Clocks, Watches in great variety.

Sole Importers of the Celebrated " UNION WATCHLS."

the most excellent Timekeepers made.

Tourists

will find a specially selected stock
>^>4]^s^ of Souvenirs in Gold and Silver
Ornaments, &c.^ to choose from.

Write or call for Catalogues, fully illustrated.

REPAIRS A 5PLC1ALITY. Optical requirements
carefully attended to.

Field and Opera Glasses, etc., to suit all sights.

Q. riAOER,

Jeweller &
Optician.

xc.

* 5oerabaya.

,==_S^S

5eo^ersor> & Co.

n Soarabaya .'. Java, □ •
GENERAL MERCHANTS - TAILORS AND OUTFITTERS.

Watepppoof Plaids.
Boots and Shoes.
Foxes Putties.
Arms and Ammunition.
English Novels.

Cabin Trunks,
Gladstone Bags."^
Cigars and Cigarettes.
Pipe^and Tobacco.
Playing Cards.

Sole Agents for:

Peter Dawson's Whiskies. o o Gilbey's Invalid Port.

(^* 5?* t^

HLNDLRSON & CO. D ^"Z^i^^:

Tl=^

Carl Schlicpcr = ■
Carl Schliepcr Gcbrs-
Carl Schliepcr & Co.-

BATAVIA

SEMARAN6

SOURABAYA

Suppliers of —

Agricultural Implements :: Lstate,
:: Factory and Mine Requisites ::

Suppliers to —

The Public Works Railway Companies, Ltc.

Groote Voorraden voor-

Landbouw
Mynbouw

Nyverheid
Waterstaat

TECHN15CHE. BURLAUX.

-.JT=\L-.

- INAGAKI & CO.-

RETAIL DEPARTMENT,
KEMBANG DJEPOEN ^ SOERABAJA

The ONLY JAPANESE ESTABLISHMENT
in JAVA, which can supply you with High-class
WORKS OF ART of Latest Workmanship.

COMPRISING—

Handsome SATSUMA VASES and TEA SETS, etc., suitable for
Wedding Presents and Birthday" Gifts.

A Choice Seledlion of DRESS FABRICS in SILKS and TAFETAS
in amazing variety thai will certainly charm you.

You will be delighted with our KIMONOS, JAPANESE SCREENS,
FANS, TOILET BRUSHES, MUTTINGS and LACQUERED
WARES, etc.

Inspection Cordially Invited jt We Guarantee Superiority of our Goods

L DOBBELMANN

Passar Besar SOERABAYA

The Leading Store for Tobacco,
Cigars and Cigarettes.

■* Smokers' Requisites of every description arriving by every Mail.
STRICTLY MODERATE PRICES.

Capstan Tobacco aad[„Xigarettes,
also Three Castles Cigarettes a Speciality.

EFUHRIaCO

SOURABAi>V
JAVA

PRINTERS

LITHOGRAPHERS

DESIGNERS

ETCHERS
IN HALFTONE

AND LINE

ALLKINDSOF

COLOR PRINTING

POSTERSiTC.

% % %

Mtr

ASK fORSCETCHES AND PRICK

R^F. N.MLYLR

TLA IMPORTER.

Wine and Spirit Merchant.

CIGAR5— Best Brands.

General & Fancy Goods Store.

. . GAROLT.

CHINA X JAVA EXPORTS

Head Office
Head Agency

Branohes

Java Branches
China Branches

. NEW YORK (97 Gold Street)
. SOURABAYA

/LONDON (U.K.)
IaMSTERDAM (Holland)

. SEMARANG, BATAVIA, TEGAL

. SHANGHAI, HANKOW, TIENTSIN

Tel. Address: '' RECHNTTZER:

General Exporters of lava Produce

CAPOC
TAPIOCAS
COCOA
PEANUTS

COPRA
COFFEE
SUGARS
MAIZE

CITRONELLA OIL
CAPOC SEEDS
CASTOR SEEDS
Etc., Etc.

Hides and Skins

AND

General Importers

(kr^

.:.gJ)I

oj.p.M, -y

* PRAUW »

MAAT5CHAPPIJ

(Last-Java Lighter Comp.)

SOERABAIA. -

DRAAGVLRMOGE.N 4663 KoYang = 8500 tons.

OPGLRICHT 1874.

Kapitaal - - f 490,000.

Administrateur G. H. 5CHUITLMA.

Technisch Bureau.

HANDEL IN MACHI N ERIEN. . ,

GEREEDSCHAPPEN.

LANDBOUWWERKTUIGEN.

LEVEREN INSTALLATIES VOOR
ELECTRISCH LIGHT EN KRACHT.

LvJL RIJHAAH & CO.

• Soarabaja ;. JAVA.

Technical Bureau,.

MACHINERY MERCHANTS. . . .

Large and varied Stock of TOOLS of
every description.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. .

ELECTRIC LIGHT and POWER
PLANTS installed in Factories,
Offices and Private Houses.

CORRESPONDENCE INVITED

Ruhaak Ei Co.,

LIMITED,

Soerabaya= JAVA.

'iiiif

N.V.NieuwPraaiiwenvcer

(NEW LIGHTERAGE QOMPANY)

SOERABAIA.

Large Fleet of Lighters
assisted by several Tugs
for Service in the roads
and Transport of Goods
to all ports on the. coast
of Java and neighbouring
Isles.

Supply of Fresh Water for Ships' and Boilers* Use.

"^^

Telegram-adre§
" KOJANG."

A.B.C. Code 5th Ed.

Mercuurcode 3e Editie
in Gebruik.

Technisch Bureau,

Behn, Meyer & Co., Ltd.

"y» ^„-S5f^„ •'

^ ^ 50ERABAIA. ^ ^

VERTE6ENW00RDI6ERS VAN :

Fried. Krupp. Akt. G. Grusonwerk, Magdeburg

Suikerrietmolens, Crushers, Rietearriers, Steenbpekers.

Rheinische Dampfkessel & Maschinenfabrik

Buttner G.m.b.H., Verdingen a. Rh.

Stoomketels en Drooginstallaties voor Suiker, Coppah, etc.

Weise & Monski, Halle a. 5.

Pompen.

Gebr. Koerting A. G., Linden b. Hannover.

Petroleum, Benzine, Gas en, Spiritus-motopen.

Dieselmotoren.

Injekteups, Straal -Condensatopen en Ventilatopen.

H. H. Boeker & Co., Remscheid.

Compl. Spooraanleg voop Suikepfabpieken en Mynbouv
Locomotieven voop alle doeleinden.

J. Pohlig Aktien Ges. Coeln-Zollstok.

Dpaadkabelbanen .

L. de la Sauce & Klosse, Berlin.

Yzepen Gebouwen, Dakeonstpukties en Bruggen.

Established 1910.

The Lighter Company :

KALIMAS LTD.

> = SOERABAYA. = i

s
"2)ir(tctor5 :

Mr. G. J. HUPKL5. J. Van den BOSCH.

G. RADEMACHE.R. W. ROSS.

E. SPIER. LI^ SIONG HWIE.

Administrator Mr. F. C. J. HUGHAN

N. V. Apotheek de Vriendschap

"=^3

(Friendship Pliarmcicy)

Pasar Basar (Main street) SOERABAYA.

(Next door to Cafe Hellendoorn).

Branch Druggist Store: ROODE BRUQ.

..To Toifrists..

We invite inspeeiion of our"
large and varied Stoek of
Perfumery, Seents, Soaps,
Powders and Toilet artieles,
Se., of the most renowned
makers of England, A mer^pa
and the Sontinent of EurSp^.

PRESQRIPTIONS carefully
dispensed at any hour of day
or night.

Speetaeles of every desaription.

Bandages, Qotton Wool, Medi-
eal Applianees of Modern
Type, Rubber Sponges and
lee Bags. Rubber Cushions,
Brushes, ete.

Special Laboratory fitted with
,every Instrument known to
the Medieal Profession, also
all Applianees used in eon-
neetion 'with Sugar, Petro-
leum, Rubber, Tobaeeo, and
other Paetories.

Tests made for all Teehnieal
Purposes.

Patent Medicines of English,
American, and Continental
Manufacturers.

All Correspondence receives
prompt attention.

L X. Ph. VAN DER VELDE,

Managing Director

NRMA van der VEEN

Invites Tourists to visit their
HIQM-CLnSS

Emporium of Fashion.

t^* ^* tff*

Latest Parisian Modes arriving by eacii Mail.

^* (^^ ^?*

Ladies' Costumes, f^cits, Fancy Goods.
Perfumery in endless variety.

Correspondence Receives Prompt attention.

HEAD OFFICE:

NOORDWYCK, WLLTLVREDEN
(Batavia),

Also at

Bandoeng (Preanger) - - JAVA.

Suppliers to Their Highnesses the Sultans ]\ /I C" r\ A \]

of Deli, Langkat and Serdang. iVlll.L//AlN.

General Merchants.

THE LEADING TAILORS & GENT.'S OUTFITTERS.

LADIES' FANCY AND HOUSEHOLD GOODS.

JEWELLERY DEPARTMENT—

The largefl selection and stock of Jewellery, Watches,

Silver and Sheffield Plate Goods.

FURNITURE DEPARTMENT—

Complete House Furnitures.

Vienna Bentwood Sets up till the Latest.

Fancy High Class Louis XV. and Jugend style Furnitures.

Smyrna and Axminfler Carpets and Tapestry.

MUSICAL & INSTRUMENTAL DEPARTMENT-

From the ordinary small-sized up to the Giant Gramophone. .

Records in all different Languages.

Always a large seledion of other InSrumental Goods.

Motor Cycles from First-class Manufadlurers.

Best Dutch Cigars, Egyptian Cigarettes and English Pipe Tobacco.

B.B.B. Pipes.

ATHLETIC DEPARTMENT -Everything in the line of Sport.

—I

Banking i Trading Corporation

NtUDIN TEN GATE i Co!, LTD.

MEDAN PENANG.

Discount Bills and Advance Loans for short periods on produce, import
goods, bonds, stiares, and other negotiable securities.

Advance money on goods consigned to Europe.

Open Documentary Credits in Lurope.

Buy and 5ell Shares at the Stock Exchanges of Amsterdam, Rotterdam,
. Batavia, London, Singapore and Penang.

Finance Estates.

Issue Drafts on Europe and Netherlands-India at current rates.

Effect Insurance of every description.

Official Agents for " LLOYD'S," London, and Jhe Association of Under-
writers, Amsterdam.

Messrs. HARRISONS & CROSriELD, Limited

Of LONDON, COLOMBO, CALCUTTA, KUALA LUMPUR,

TANGIER, MONTREAL, NEW YORK,

BATAVIA and MELBOURNE

LJavE a Branch at Medaiig, acting as Managing Agents for many of the
English Companies holding Rubber and Tobacco Estates on the East
Coast of Sumatra, representing approximately 30,000 acres planted with
Para Rubber.

Among these may be mentioned: —

The United Serdang (Sumatra) Rubber Plantations, Limited
The Tandjong Rubber Company; Limited
The Sialang Rubber Estates, Limited
The Rubber Plantations Investment Trust, Limited
The Anglo-Sumatra Rubber Company, Limited
The Sungei Kari (Sumatra) Rubber Lstates, Limited
The Asahan (Sumatra) Rubber E-states, Limited
The Wampoe Tobacco & Rubber Estates, Limited

In addition to their Agency Business, Messrs. Harrisons & Crosfield, Limited,
have established Departments for

Import & Export, Produce Broking and Insurance

® KERKHOFF & CO. ®

"%w

Partners —

B. H. KERKHOFF.

J. C. F. CARKlfeRK. I

General Importers

and Merchants

MEDAN DELI,

SUMATRA (East Coast)

Hi.

Importers of

JAVA CATTLE

LINDETEVES STOKVIS, Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Semarang. Soerabaja,

Batavia. etc.— Machineries, Agricultural and Industrial Implements.
EIGEN HULP, Batavia— Djatti and Rattan Furnitures.
RAVENSWAY & CO., Singapore and Ipoh— Marble Works.
NEDERLANDSCH IND., Houtaankap Maatschappy, Semarang— Djatti Wood .
GE^ENFIELD & CO., Hongkong-China-rattan.
DE LANGE & CO., Batavia- ExpWef Favier

ORENSTEIN & KOPPEL, Semarang— Portable and Permanent Railways.
AKTEIBOLAGET LUX, Stockholm Lux Lamps.
H. H. LUGARD, Deventer— Butter.
J S. MAUL, Weltevreden— Tiles,
j! Van de. VEEN, Dokkum- Gin.
BICKER & MODDERMAN, Amsterdam- Wmes,
I DE BRUYN & Zn. Rotterdam -Wines.
•"■ Etc., Etc., Etc.

°—° Singapore Cold Storage Co.. Ltd. °

Head Office and Works • BORNEO WHARF, SINGAPORE.

Branches at KUALA. LUMPUR and IPOH. FEDERATED MAr.AY STATES, also at PENANG.

Singapore Cold Storage Co.

^:^

LIMITED,

IMPORTERS OF

Australian Frozen Meats r^^

Produce, also Fresh Fruits.

Regular Shipments are received dipect from Englani
of all descriptions of

English and Scotch Fish and Game.

SOLE AGENTS FOR

Queensland Meat Export

and Agency Co., Ltd.

Huttons "Pineapple" Hams & Bacon,

Singapore Cold Storage Co., Ltd.

evil

Telephone Nos. —

Works 514

Residence 714

210, 21 1 & 212 Orchard Road
SINGAPORE,

rt==^

SOLE AGENTS for

Napier, Staadard, Star. Humber, Renault, Rover and
Belsize Cars and Dennis Worm-Driven 'Busses and
Lorries, and other Up-to-dalel Motor Cars, Cabs,
and 'Busses.

/7^

C f. f. WEARNE & Co.

AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERS & IMPORTERS.

HIGH-CLA55 MOTOR CARS FOR HIRE at any hour of

the Day or Night. Charges Strictly Moderate.

^ jt -^

On arriving at the wharf ring up TELEPHONE 514 and a
Fipst-Class Car will be down to meet you in a few minutes.

Oup Drivers, who are all picked men and thoroughly reliable,
will show you all the places of interest and beauty spots
of the Island which should on no account be missed.

C. F. F. WLARNL & CO,,

fr 210.211 & 212 Orchard Road, SINGAPORE. ^

-^2^ I — I ^33^

[ESTABLISHED 1886.]

J. ly. ^eelig & Zooo,

Piano and Masiccil Instrument
Importers and Warehoascmcn.

Heeren Straat^ Samarang.

IMPORTERS OF

PIANOS, ORGANS and every kind of

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS from the

Leading Makers of tbe World.

■j^ t^* t^*

INSPECTION INVITED. ■

t'X.

'-^

This Page is reserved

FOR

°^~° 1 he Papua ° — °
Rubber Planting Co.,

LIMITLD,

PORT MORLSBY.

MODELS LIMITED

(^General Merchants ^^

Insurance, Land and Estate, Forwarding
and General Commission Agents

Accountants and Valuators « • * Pearl Shellers

AGENTS FOK

LONDON MISSIONARY SOCIETY. Missions at Mapoon,
Weipa and Aurukun. Mitchell River Mission.

PAPUA INDUSTRIES, LTD.

SOUTH BRITISH INSURANCE CO., LTD. (Marine).

NEW ZEALAND INSURANCE CO., LTD. (Fire).

UNITED INSURANCE CO., LTD.

CITY MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.. LTD.

UNION TRUSTEES CO. OF AUSTRALIA, LTD.

SIEBE, GORMAN & CO., LTD.

Cable Address : " NARUPAI."

Codes : A B C 5th Edition, Western Union
and Private.

THURSDAY ISLAND, ™r«S

STRAITS

QUEENSLANd, AUSTRALIA

' PRESCOTT LTD .

EsiaWished 1850. 365-375- SUSSEX STREET, SYDNEY.

grain and produce merchants,
Butter Exporters.

Agents for N.S.W.- PINEAPPLE BACON & HAMS.

Cables and wireless : "PRESCOTl', SYDNKY." Codes : ABC 5th Ed., Ai and Private.

AT AUSTRALIA'S NORTHERN GATE !

Fresh Provisions and Food Supplies and Ice.

The Torre s Straits fresh food & Ice Co., lt d,

THURSDAY ISLAND, NORTH QUEENSLAND.

Shipping Suppliers and Contractors to Commonwealth Government, &c.

Have always on hand Fresh Provisions, Frozen, Chilled and Fresh Meat
and all th.. necessary requirements of vessels in the provision line.

Their Beef supplies are of excellent quality. The cattle being
paddocked in verdant pastures on the Mainland and slaughtered there, thus
overcoming the disadvantage of trucking and freighting cattle, which
necessarily injures the health of a beast and impairs the qiiality of the Beef.

The Company has excellent facilities for attendance ou Vessels passing
the Port, and provisions can be supplied at Goode Island per fast Motor
I<aunch, and such an advantage must necessarily s^ppeal to those Captains of
Vessels undergoing long voyages and not calling at Ports, with such ready
conveniences at hand.

Amongst many other lines, they are manufacturing the famed

THURSDAY ISLAND CRATED WATERS,
bottled only from the famous tropical watery of purest quality.

Look us up when passing and we shall be glad to show you an up-to-
date plant at Australia's Gate.

A. STEVENS & CO.

PORT MORESBY, PAPUA.

g=^=S)g=s=S

tr Butchers, General Storekeepers and Commission Agents,

van €ootl) $i Co.

WILLIAM STREET, MELBOURNE,
AUSTRALIA.

Lxporters of '
Pure Australian

Trade

CRLAM
BUTTLR.

■ @

Sole Importers :

5. L van

NILROP & Co.,

SOURABAYA:

JAVASCHE MAATSCHAPPIJ

tot Verduurzaming van Levensmiddelen

(JAVA PRESERVING COMPANY, LTD).

Director - H. W. van DALFSEN.

Purveyor to the WAR and NAVY Departments in the Netheriand Indies.

PRESERVES-

CHOCOLATE, CACAO and BONBONS, BISCUITS and
CAKES, REFINED OILS, prepared in own up-to-date Factories.

• LXIV.

C. R. Baldwin, Ltd.,

GENERAL MERCHANTS
AND SHIP OWNERS.

Port Moresby ,-

-NLW GUINEA.

Drapers, Grocers and Ironmongers. Wine and
Spjrit Merchants. Customs, Shipping, Mining,
Forwarding and General Commission Agents.

Agents for . . .

KONINKLIJKE PAKETVAART MAATSCHAPPIJ

(Royal Dutch Packet Coy.)

SOUTH BRITISH INSURANCE COMPANY, LTD.,

(Fire and Marine), Ltc, Etc.

A New and Up-to-date Assortment of Clothing and General Merchandise
arrives by each Dutch boat.

ORDLR5 PROMPTLY ATTLNDLD TO.

Printing Ink.

and how to apply it on Paper
to your advantage is
our business.

PRINTERS

of this Publication.

TELEPHONE: CITY 372.

14 Carrington 5t., Sydney, Australia

Vein Arcken & Co., Jewellers,

Batavici, Sourcibciya.

■' 1,

This busipess was established at Deventer in 1841, and afterwards

transferred to.' Amsterdam in 1851 by the late Mr. C. G. F. van Arcken,

to whom permission was given by H.M. the late King William III., in

1854, to bear the Royal Arms. This privilege was accorded to the firm
successively by H.M. the Dowager Queen Errtma in 1893, and by H.M.
Queen Wilhelmina in 1894. As early as 1855 the exhibits sent to Lon-
don by the founder of the firm, also those sent in the same year tp the
general exhibition in Paris, and in 1859 to the Amsterdam Exhibition^
were awarded medals for their excellence.

In 1861 the firm was established in Batavia, opening a branch at
Soerabaya in 1880.

In 1867 the firm presented several jewels to H.M. King William III.
as samples of native industry. The firm in dpe course received a letter
from the King, expressing the interest of the Court in the products of
Native Art industry.

H.M. King William III. rewarded the founder's many and great
services in the sphere of art by making him, in 1878, a knight of the
Order of the Oak-Crown, while His Holiness, Pope Pius IX., had pre-
sented him some years previously with the Knight's Cross of the St.
Silvester Order (Golden Spur).

The firm also stood high in the estimation of the Siamese Court ; the
King and Queen of Siam paid several visits to the establishment during
the years 1871-96, and 1901, and in the year 1896 appointed them Pur-
veyor to the Court.

Costly ornaments were often sent out from their work-shops, such
as gold and silver sabre-sheaths, diamond brooches, crown ornaments for
Native Princes, jewelled albums, sirih-boxes, etc. That these articleb,
made by natives under the guidance of European head-workmen, and
showing much artistic taste, are also appreciated outside the Indies, is
exhibitions, inter alia, the gold medal for an exhibit shown at the Exhi-
attested by the various distinctions awarded to the firm at the different
bition at Amsterdam in 1883. The jury of the Exhibition held at Ba-
la\ ia in 1898 awarded the firm two certificates of honour. At the Ex-
hibitiori at Osaka (Japan) in 1903 the firm exhibited productions in pre-
cious i|iftals of their own manufacture and engravings on metal fron\
their workshops, for which they likewise received a diploma of merit

INDEX

1SLE.5 OF THE E.-AST.

5LCTION I.- Chapter I.

The K.P.M. — A Twenty Years' Record
The Java-Australia Line
K.P.M. Island Cruise.^
K.P.M. r.slaiid Services
K.P.M. Company '.s Fleet
General Information for Passengers
Information for Passengers Arriving in Australia
•Round the World via Java
P'roni Java ma Singapore

PAGE.

xxxiii.

xxxvi.

xxxviii.

xli.

xlvi.

xlvii.

xlviii.

xlix.

SECTION I.— Chapter H.
The Official Tourist Bureau, Weltrvreden, Batavia i

Java

Things Worth Knowing

General Hints

Currency

Malay Vocabulary

Mode of lyivipg

lyist of Hotels (alphabetically arranged)

Telegraphic Code for Hotels ...

Suggestions for Trips (7 to 21 days)

5LCTION I.-Chapter III.

A Trip TO Java BY A K.P.M. Steamer ...

Melbourne ...

39-45

Sydney

45-51

Brisbane

51-52

Towusville— Port More.sby

Thursday Island

Dobo

56-58

cxvii.

Among: their principal and staunchest customers the firm counts both
the Courts of the Nati\e PrincipaUties of Soerakarta and Djocjakarta,
and they have had the favour of their patronage since the year 1862..
Among the various fine pieces of workman.ship, successively executed by
them, may be counted all the great jewelled orders, plaques and stars of
H.M. the Emperor of Soerakarta.

The beautiful gold and silver mounted sabre of honour which was
presented by His Excellency the Governor-General, in the name of the
Netherlands Indian Government, to H.H. the Sultan of Riouw, Linga
and Dependencies, also wa^ an example of the goldsmith's craft, and
came from their work-shops. The magnificent sabre belonging to the
Sultan of Langkat, worth 22,000' francs, may be called a master-piece of
artistic chasing and diamond-setting.

The firm have an excellent knowledge of the "motives" of ancient
Indian Buddistic Art, The Kala, Macara, Garoeda, Naga, etc., acquired
from the, alas, too early deceased scholar, Dr. J. L. A. Brandes, and it
can be clearly seen from the various articles executed by them that the
native gold and silversmiths in their services Have both taste and appre-
ciation for this particular art.

The very beautiful and costly fine gold diadem, set entirely with
diamonds, which was executed to the order of the Sultan of Koetei, in
1898, deserves especial notice as an example of the jeweller's art. This
very beautiful diadem was taken to Holland and personally presented by
the Sultan, on the occasion of the Coronation, to H.M. the Queen, as a
Coronation present of purely Indian design and manufacture.

During his furlough in 1892, the present head of the firm obtained
a thorough and practical knowledge of assaying, receiving a certificate
of proficiency from Mr. W. G. Flentge, Assayer-Master at Amsterdam.
He enjoys the distinction of having manufactured the Order and Symbol,
Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice, for a magnificent address-sheet, richly worked
in gold and silver and set with diamonds, pearls, and rubies, which re-
presents the Papal Arms, both correctly heraldic and s\mbolical. This ex-
quisite piece of work was presented to His Holiness by the Roman Catho-
lics of liie Dutch East Indies at the Golden Festival of Pope Leo's Episco-
pate in 1893.

The great Swiss manufacturers of the "Zenith" granted to Messrs.
van Arcken & Co. the monopnlv of their excellent watches for the Nether-
lands Easl Indies, in which territor^■ this watch, which represents the
highest grade of perfection in time keeping and excellence in workman
ship, has been introduced with great and unequalled success.

cxviii.

INDLX.

SECTION I.— Chapter \\\.—Co7iiimied.
SOURABAYA

Map of East Java
Sugar Industry
Batavia

Bamboo Hat Industry

BblTENZORO

Map of Buitenzorg, Soekaboemi, etc.

Rice

Rubber Industry

SOEKABORMI

Coffee

SiNDANGLAYA ...

Bandoeng

Map of Preanger Regencies
Garget ... ... ... ....

Map of Garoet and Vicinity
DjOCjAKARTA ... ' ...

The Boro Boedoer
Soto
SamarAnG

TOSARI

Sumatra —

Medan-Deli

Padang, &c.
Borneo
Celebes
Singapore

page.
60-73
64-65
70-72

74-85
84-85
86-91
88-89

91-93

93-96

96-97

98-100

ICO- 102

102-107

io5- to7

108-114

IIO-III

114-118
118-121
122-124
124-129
129-141

142-144
144-150
'51-152
152
152-155

5E.CTION II.-Chaptlr I.

Commercial Section— Business Notices —

Netherland Line — Rotterdam Lloyd

The Railways of Java

Tandjong Priok, Batavia Time-table

Batavia (Tea Industry, 184-186)

Buitenzorg ..

Bandoeng

Garoet

Djocjakarta ...

Samarang

Sourabaya ...
Sumatra, Medan-Deli ■••

157-167
167-172

173
174-189
189-190
190- 196

197-199
200-204
205-215
215-227
227-243

5LCTION II.— Chapter II.

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