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Cornell University Library
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The standard question book and home stud
3 1924 014 112 761
The original of tliis book is in
tlie Cornell University Library.
There are no known copyright restrictions in
the United States on the use of the text.
http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924014112761
The
Standard Question Book
and
Home Study Outlines
The Frontier Press Company
Buffalo, N. Y.
1919
Copyright, 1914
By The Frontier Press Company
Copyright, 1918
Press Company
i"^ reserved.
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PREFACE
The days of the cave man have passed. Physical strength alone
no longer gives prowess to the individual. What the twentieth century
demands is the trained intellect. The man who knows is the man of
the hour.
A very large percentage of all fundamental knowledge is and must
be gained through books. They are the storehouses of the world's
wisdom from which we aU must draw; but of the making of books
there is no end. More than ten thousand new ones make their appear-
ance each year. As this process continues from year to year, the
world's wisdom becomes more and more scattered. In every book
that aims to be instructive there are some things of value while in
many there is much that is irrelevant.
It has well been said that, if all the book knowledge of the day
could be sifted through a fine screen and only the best things pre-
served, the process would be highly beneficial to aU seekers of wisdom.
It was this thought that prompted the building of The Standard
Dictionary of Facts. This practical and very instructive work has
now been on the market for several years. Its contents have been
greatly improved and its sale has greatly increased with the passing
of each year. The American people have already invested over three
million dollars in the purchase of this single-volume book and those
intelligent purchasers are enthusiastically recommending it to their
friends.
When The Standard Dictionary of Facts was first issued it was
accompanied by a small book of questions designed to caU attention
to the great mass of information within the one volume. The questions
were divided into chapters corresponding to the divisions of the com-
plete book. There was no attempt at further classification. In each
chapter the questions were miscellaneous. The Uttle question book
went into thousands of homes; it was enthusiastically received. The
publishers were surprised by the demand for it made by their sales
organization.
Gradually there developed in the minds of the pubhshers the idea
that additional material with careful classification would render such
a book of questions more useful and with this thought in view the
present question book has been prepared.
The subject matter is divided into fourteen distinct groups embrac-
ing approximately seven thousand questions. One particular feature
is noteworthy. No separate department of biography is given. Under
the subject of science, for example, we find reference to Benjamin
Franklin, the discoverer of electricity; under invention reference to
Morse, the inventor of the telegraph, and to Edison, the inventor of
the phonograph. We are referred to Geo. W. Goethals in connection
with the Panama canal, to Homer in connection with Greek Uterature,
to Baron Strathcona in Canadian history, all important figures in the
world's history down to the present day. Thus the biographical
characters are associated or interwoven with their particular fields of
activity.
The survey of ancient, mediaeval, and modern history is especially
complete; the older coxintries are separately treated from their earliest
history bringing together much information often difficult to obtain
in connected form.
The Uterature section also is particularly useful, outlining the
literatures of ancient and modem times and developing facts from the
biographies of many of the world's best writers.
It will be observed that the questions under the various headings
are logical, chronological where point of time is to be considered,
practical, and cover sufficient material to give a thorough review of
the subject treated. Often in one question reference is made to dif-
ferent departments thus linking together points of interest which
otherwise the reader might not associate. Page numbers are fre-
quently not in numerical order but should always be consulted in the
order in which they are given.
It is the aim of the publishers that this question book serve the
following purposes:
he teacher a carefvil review of many
ohool work, referring them to much
1 the ordinary textbook or in the
merous questions in the various
aepanmeuiB upuu uuc cvcx^uo ui >.^J day are of particular value to the
student and the teacher in securing knowledge that is up-to-date.
The Uterary club woman will find the history, language, and Utera-
ture departments especiaUy useful, outlining a course of study unique
in points of arrangement, completeness, and up-to-dateness.
^, The question book should appeal to those who, having left school
early, find their lack of knowledge a handicap. For commercial
reasons some desire to improve, others for social reasons, yet lack the
means to this end. To all such the question book affords a systematic
course of home study enabUng one to acquire an immense amount
of practical information of inestimable value.
To build a question book is no easy task, but the pubUshers feel
warranted in saying that this Uttle book serves all the purposes enum-
erated. No aim is made to exhaust the material upon the various
Bubjects, nor to treat aU subjects found in the complete book, but
I&ther to caU attention to the vast amount of information available
in this one-volume reference work, and to show what can be accom-
plished by diUgent and careful use of The Standard Dictionary of
Facts.
HOW TO USE
The Standard Question Book is founded on the comprehensive
manual entitled The Standard Dictionary of Facts. It is practically a
part of that reference volimie, having been planned and prepared for use
solely in connection with the information therein contained.
This question book, therefore, should always be studied in associa-
tion with The Standard Dictionary of Facts in which will be found the
answers to the questions. At this point it is important to remember
that no other single source of information wUl furnish all of the answers
to these questions. While about seven thousand are specially classified
for study in this question book, The Standard Dictionary of Facts will
answer in the neighborhood of a hundred thousand similar questions.
How to Study. The first necessary step is to get at the start the
clearest and most definite idea possible as to what The Standard
Dictionary of Facts actually contains. The second necessary step is to
learn how to find any desired item of information with ease and speed.
Both of the foregoing are best accomplished by a careful reading
of the Pi^face, pages 3 and 4 of this volume, and the Publishers' Preface,
page 3, and How to Use, page 6, in The Standard Dictionary of Facts,
supplemented by a little practice in usiijg the Index and in referring
to some of the alphabetical lists given at the beginning of the Index,
page 867.
Suppose that one desires to acquire more information concerning
the geography of Europe. First turn to the index to this book, page
155. Here one will find a list of more than a hundred important sub-
jects, alphabetically arranged and cross-referenced, all of which are given
special treatment in this question book.
Opposite the subject "Geography," which one wiU find.among the
other subjects in alphabetical order, are the figures "115-130." These
figures indicate the pages where the whole subject of geography is
treated. But under the head of geography one at once notices several
subheads or subdivisions, beginning with "Africa." Glancing down
this Ust of subheads, which is likewise arranged alphabetically, one soon
finds "Europe," the subdivision desired. Opposite "Europe" are the
figiures "122-127" telling the pages on which European geography is
treated. If, however, one shoiUd look for Europe first instead of
geography, one would immediately find under "Europe" the subhead
"Geography" with reference to pages "122-127." This illustrates
how carefully all subjects treated are indexed.
Turning to the section indicated by the page numbers, one finds
about five pages filled with important questions, the answers to which '
will fimiish a good working knowledge of the geography of the whole
continent of Europe. The figures following the questions indicate the
pages in The Standard Dictionary of Facts where concise and accurate
answers may be found. In a like manner the questions on all of the
other subjects trfeated may be easily found and studied.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
HISTORY
Ancient — ^ English — United States — Canada — Conti-
nental EtfEOPB — Mexico — South Ambeica — Asiatic Coun-
TEIES U-68
LANGUAGE
Capitals — ^Puncttiation — Correct Use op Words — Let-
ter Writing — Higher English 69-80
LITERATURE
Ancient — Oriental — Greek — Latin — Modern Euro-
pean — ^English — American 81-114
GEOGRAPHY
North America — South America — Europe — Asia — Africa
— General 115-130
GOVERNMENT
United States — European Countries — Asia — Central
America — South America 131-138
INDUSTRY— INVENTION— COMMERCE
Iron and Steel — Imports — Exports — Shipping — Manu-
pacturinq 139-142
SCIENCE— EDUCATION— FINE ARTS
Electricity — Engineering — Physiology — Colleges and
Universities — Sculpture — Painting — Music 143-146
NATURAL HISTORY
Mammals— Birds — Fishes — Fruits — Flowers — Minerals
— Precious Stones 147-150
MISCELLANY
General Information — Points of Interest — Origin and
Meaning of Names — ^Arithmetic — Parcel Post — Red Cross . 151-154
ANCIENT HISTORY
In studying human progress what two kinds of knowledge are
considered? 54
State the distinction between prehistoric times and historic times. 54
Into what two parts is the Prehistoric Period divided? Name
important achievements which preceded the invention of
writing 64
Name ten economic plants which were among the first to be placed
under cultivation. Mention ten important animals domesti-
cated before the dawn of history 54
With the peoples of what regions does the earhest recorded history
begin? At approximately what dates? 54
How must all assigned dates at the beginning of history be regarded? 64
Mention the names of five of the world's lost cities. Tell by
whom and when each was founded and how and when each
was destroyed 128-130
What are five of the notable wars of history? During what years
did each occur? Name the chief leaders and some of the
most notable battles of each war 138-139
What was the earliest known nation? 43
EGYPT
What characters were used for the earliest Egyptian writing? .... 282
What is the Rosetta stone? When was it discovered? 378, 282
Who is the author of the list of Egyptian kings which is still
used? Into how many dynasties does he divide them? 43
By whom was the Egyptian monarchy founded? What was its
capital? 43, .54
What are the dates assigned to Menes by different chronolo-
gists? Why do they vary? 43
Describe the pyi-amids. When was the great pyramid built? .... 561
When was the city of Thebes founded? Distinguish Egyptian
Thebes from Thebes in Greece 161
When was geometry used in Egypt? Give the date of a treatise
on geometry 65, 282
Who were the shepherd kings? When did they conquer Egypt,
and how long did they hold it? 55, 43, 119
When were letters first used in Egypt? By whom and when was
the Egyptian alphabet invented? 55
When were the temples and palaces at Thebes built? 43
Describe the early Egyptian architecture 611
What king was probably the Pharaoh of the exodus? 43
During what period did the decay of the empii-e begin? 43
What does the word Pharaoh mean? 834
When were horses introduced into Egypt? 55
Give the origin of the name Egypt 55, 812
When did Shishak reign? After the death of Shishak by whom
were the Egyptians conquered? 56, 43
What date is given to the first record of Egyptian sculpture? 67
When did Memphis become the capital of Egypt? 57
What great canal was begun in 610 B. C? 57
In what year was Nebuchadnezzar's invasion of Egypt? 57
At what time and under what ruler did Egypt become a Persian
province? 43
Give the date of Alexander's conquest of Egypt 43, 60
By whom and in what year was Alexandria founded? When
was it destroyed? 128, 60
After whose death did Ptolemy take the throne? 43
What were the characteristics of the reign of the Ptolemies, and
what name was appHed to that period? 43, 60
Name a great canal built in Egypt 267 B. C 61
Name the first lighthouse on record 61, 849
Who was Cleopatra, and what did her influence accomplish for
Egypt? 420, 43, 63
What became of the Alexandrian library? How many books
did it contain? 63, 684
Who conquered Egypt in 47 B. C? 63
Upon whose downfall did Egypt pass to Rome? Give the date . 43, 63
Describe reUgious conditions in Egypt following the Roman
conquest 43-44
Name a celebrated Egyptian astronomer and geographer 65, 478
When Rome was divided into eastern and western empires, of
' which empire did Egypt become a proAnnoe? 44
Who were Osiris, Isis, Horus, and Apis? 325-338
What city was called the city of a hundred gates? What deity
was especially worshiped in that city? 161
What are obelisks? For what purpose were they erected?. . . . 550
CHINA AND JAPAN
Why is it difficult to state facts about the early history of China? . 35
Name six plants cultivated in China 2700 B. C. still of great im-
portance in agriculture 55
At what time was silk culture in China established? 55
When did the Shang dynasty begin? 55
What is known of the Chow dynasty and when did it begin? .... 35, 56
12
For how long has the mariner'B compass been known to the
Chinese? 56
Who was Confucius? During whose reign was he bom? .... 422/35
From what dynasty did China take its name? 35
When was the great wall of China built, what was its purpose,
and what is its length? 35, 817
How early was the art of printing known in China? 61
In what coimtry was paper invented? Give the date 62
When was Buddhism introduced into China? 35
What Roman emperor sent ambassadors to China? 65
Name the forms of government through which Japan successively
passed , 124
How many centitties of unbroken reign does the Japanese empire
claim? 124
Who was the fabled first mikado and what was his descent? 124
From what_time does the authentic history of Japan date? 124
Name a conquest personally made by the empress in 270 A. D. . . 124
From what country did Japan receive the Confucian classics?. . 317
What is the signification of the word Japan? 822
CHALDEA, ASSTBIA, BABYLON
Who made Babylon preeminent? Mention his achievements 55
Where was the kingdom of Assyria? 21
When and by whom was Nineveh built? 65
When was the Assyrian empire estabUshed? 21, 65
Name the oldest Chaldean book 281
At what time did the Babylonian decline begin? 281
Give the date of the second Assyrian dynasty 56
Who were the most famous nilers of Assyria? 21
What period witnessed the revival of learning in Assyria? 281
Who was Sardanapalus? 57, 21
What size was attained by the hbrary at Nineveh? 281
When was Assyria imited to Babylon? 21
Who was Nebuchadnezzar? When did he capture Jerusalem and
when did he invade Egypt? 67, 470
What ecHpse was observed at Babylon in 721 B. C? 57
At what time and by what nation was the final conquest of
Babylon accomphshed? '68
How long did the city of Babylon exist? 128
THE HEBBEWS
What dates are usually accepted for the birth and the death of
Abraham? 55
13
Who was Joseph? When was he sold into Egypt? 452, 55
When was Joseph viceroy of Egypt? 119
Give the date of the death of Jacob. The death of Joseph 55
What does the name Israel mean and to whom was it appUed? . 122, 822
<3ive the principal events in the life of Moses. What education
' did he receive? ._ 468, 282
What is the date of the exodus from Eg3rpt? The date of the
law from Sinai? 55
What position did Joshua occupy after the death of Moses? 452
When did Saul become king of Israel? When did he die? 56
Give the principal facts in the life of David and the dates of his
birth and death 425, 56
For how many years and at what period was Solomon king? 56
State some important facts concerning Solomon's hfe 489
Describe Solomon's temple 160
What is meant by the revolt of the Ten Tribes? When did it
occur? What new kingdoms were formed from the Hebrew
tribes? 56, 122
Give the names of the Ten Tribes, their population, and the
causes of their revolt 122
When and why did Jeroboam establish idolatry? 56, 123
By what conquest did the kingdom of Israel come to an end?
Give the date 57, 123
How did the title Jews come into use? 122, 125
After Nineveh was united to Babylon in what kingdom were the
Israelites captive? 125
Where did Daniel prophesy? Why was he in that city? 125, 424
By whom was Babylonia conquered in 538 B. C? 58
What did Cyrus do for the Jews? 58, 125
When was Persia conquered by Alexander the Great? 60
Trace the history of the Jews under the Macedonian empire 125
Of what coimtry did Judea become a province in 63 B. C? 125
Who was Caligula? Why did he persecute the Jews? 125, 146
By whom were the Jews banished from Rome? 125
What did the Jews suffer imder Titus? 125
When was Jerusalem founded and when was it destroyed? 129
What is meant by the final desolation of Judea? 125
PHENICIA AJTD PERSIA
Where was ancient Phenicia? 557
According to tradition, who introduced the Phenician alphabet
into ancient Greece? 283, 326, 557
By whom was Carthage founded? 56
14
With whom did the kisg of Tyre form an alliance in 1000 B. C.7 . 56
Upon what great building were Phenician workmen employed? . 557
Who first circumnavigated Africa? 57
What Persian ruler invaded Phenieia and captured Tjo*? 57, 58
What country received the Phenician alphabet about 500 B. C? . 58
On what continents were Phenician colonies planted? 557
For what knowledge were the Phenicians noted? 557
Where was the original country of Persia? 141
By whom was the Persian empire founded? Of what countries
was it composed? 58, 141
Who was Cambyses? How did he extend the empire? 415, 141
Why was the battle of Marathon of especial importance? Name
the leaders ."■ 22
What conquests were made by Darius? 141
Who was Xerxes? What death did he meet? 58
Name the commander of the Persian army at Thermopylse.
Give facts about the battle 161
When was the royal family of Persia poisoned? 59
At what time were the Greek cities of Asia tributary to Persia?. 59
How was Persian civilization affected as a result of the battle of
Arbela? 22
Name th^ commanders at the battle of Arbela. What nation
thereafter controlled Persia? 22, 60
When and how long was Persia tributary to Parthia? 60
Who was Zoroaster? Where and how long did his religion pre-
vail? State its effect upon the Greeks 504, 278
Who are the Parsees? What is their behef? How do they
dispose of their dead? 278, 710^
What style of writing was used by the early Persians? Upon
what material did they prefer to write? 281
GREECE
Why are both the history and the hterature of the ancient Greeks
obscure? 116, 283^
When was Athens founded? Who was Cecrops? 55, 327'
Give the dates of the founding of Corinth and Sparta ~ 55i<
Who was Cadmus? What alphabet did he introduce into Greece?
283j.S2ff
When and where were the first Olympic games held? What
were these games? 55, 832
Mention the first naval expedition on record 55
Who was Jason? Who were the argonauts? What was the
golden fleece? 325-333
15
Who was Apollo? When was the temple of ApoUo at Delphi
built? .325, 65
When and by whom were masts and sails for the use of ships
invented? ,. . . . 56
What was the cause of the Trojan war?. . . . , 165
Give the supposed dates, the leading battle, and the chief leaders
of the Trojan war 66, 138, 130
Who was Agamemnon? Hector? 324, 331
Tell what is known about Homer 446
Give the theme of Homer's lUad. The theme of the Odyssey. . . 363, 373
Who was Ulysses? What part did he play in the Trojan war?. . 342
Tell how the Greeks captured Troy in the Trojan war 165
Where was the Peloponnesus? 556
What is meant by the HeracUdse? 331
Who reformed the constitution of Sparta? 56
When and by whom were gold and silver first coined? 56
What boats were used by the Corinthians in the 8th century B. C? 57
When was the Greek city of Syracuse founded? What is the
origin of the name? 57, 842
When did the Messenian wars occur? 116, 138
Between whom was the first sea fight on record? 57, 116
Who was Draco? When was the Draconian code formulated^ . . 428
Who were the seven sages of Greece? When did they flourish?. 116
When did Solon's code come into use in Athens? 57
Mention three noted battles of the Perso-Grecian war. Which of
these is one of the decisive battles of the world's
history? 138, 116, ?2
Give the dates of the following battles: Marathon, Thermopylae,
Salamis 58, 116
Who was the leader of the Greeks at the battle of Thermopylae?
Of what country was he king? Give result of battle.. 161, 116
Give facts about Sparta. What position did Sparta occupy in
the 6th century B. C? 158
When was a school of sculpture opened at Athens? The first
public library founded at Athens? 58
Who was Minerva? What was the Greek name for Minerva?
What Grecian city is said to have received its name from
Minerva? 335
When was the temple of Minerva built? Where was it? 555
When was Pericles prominent in the affairs of Athens? What
great biiUding was erected during his administration?. . . .58, 555
Describe the Parthenon. What great Greek sculptor superin-
tended its erection? What was its style of architecture?. 655, 476
16
Name three orders of Greek architecture. In what age did
Grecian architecture attain its greatest perfection? 511
What is meant by the AoropoUs? 797
Who were the principal Greek writers during the "golden age of
Pericles"? 201
Who was Phidias? Name some statues which he executed .... 476
When was the Peloponnesian war? Name the chief leaders and
the cause of the war 138, 158
Who was the historian of the Peloponnesian war? Give facts
about him 284, 494
Trace the alternating supremacy of Sparta and Athens 158
When was Thebes predominant in the affairs of Greece? 59, 116
Who was PhiUp of Macedon? When did he subdue Sparta? . . 476, 59
What were the PhiUppics of Demosthenes? 426
What position as an orator did Demosthenes hold? What
obstacles did he overcome? 426
Who instituted the Macedonian phalanx? 59, 476
When and by whom was Thebes destroyed? 60, 130
In what war was the battle of Arbela? Give the leaders of the
battle and the result 138, 22, 60
Why is the battle of Arbela of particular importance? Give
the date 22
Give a brief account of the life of Alexander the Great 395
Name two countries that were conquered by Alexander the
Great. In what year did he establish the Macedonian
monarchy? 60
In what year did the Grecian cities revolt from Macedonia?
Who became regent of Greece? ' 60
By whom was the first work on mechanics written and in what
year? • 60
Who was Aristotle? Of what great teacher was he a pupil? 399
What was the Achaean league? When did Athens join it? 9, 61
What caused the Achaean war? 9
When did Greece become a Roman province? 62
Give the meaning of "laconic" 365
Give an account of the legendary achievements of Hercules. ... 331
Why has Sparta no imposing ruins? 158
Who was Herodotus? 445
State some facts in the life of Plato. What great philosopher
was the teacher of Plato? 477, 284
What was the fate of Socrates? 489
What is the theme of Xenophon's Anabasis? 284, 504
What celebrated Greek mathematician Uved about 300 B. C.?.60, 431
17
Who was Plutarch? 477
Describe the Colossus at Rhodes 809
What are the Elgin marbles? 813
What is the sculpture known as the Laocoon group? Where
is it now? 333
Describe the mythology of the ancient Greeks. Explain how
they worshiped these deities 323
Who were the following: Zeus, Poseidon, Aphrodite, Dionysus,
Hermes? 325-342,
BOME
Legendary Age
What is the mythical connection of.jEneas with the founding of
the Roman empire? 343
When and by whom was Alba Longa built? 56
Give the year in which Romulus became king of Alba Longa.
The year in which he was supposedly murdered 56, 57
In what year was Rome founded? By whom? • 57, 567, 378
What change was made in the Roman calendar in 710 B. C.?. . . 57
Give in order three important kings of Rome from 672 B. C.
to 578 B. C 57
What is the Cloaca Maxima, and imder what ruler was it con-
structed? 809
What was the Roman foriim? 110
Explain the Circus Maximus 808
Who was Servius TuUius? When did he die? 567
How large had Rome become in the time of Servius Tullius?. . 567
Name the seven hills of Rome 567
What great building of ancient Rome stood on the Palatine
hill? 566
Under what ruler was the coining of money begun at Rome? .... 57
When were the Tarquins expelled from Rome? What uprising
of the people took place in Athens a year earher? 68
Who were Janus, Juno, Jupiter, Mars, Minerva? 333-335
Who was Vesta? What were the Lares? The Pmates? The
Manes? 334-342
The Republic
What great change in the government of Borne took place in
509 B. C? 58
When was the Capitol at Rome finished? The temple of Minerva
built? 5&
In what year were tribunes of the people first chosen? 58.
18
Where is the Tarpeian rock and what is its history? 159
When was CSncinnatus made dictator? 59, 420
Who were the decemviri and what did they do? 39
WTien were the laws of the twelve tables adopted? 59
In what year was Rome destroyed by the Gauls? 69
What civil strife took place in 376 B. C? Who was made the
first plebeian consul? 59
When were military tribunes abolished? ' 69
When did the Samnite war begin? How long did it continue?. 69
When was the Appian way constructed? Where was it? 60, 800
When was the sun dial at Rome erected? 60
In what year did Rome become mistress of all Italy? 61
Give the dates of beginning and ending of the Punic wars 138
Who waa Hannibal? What had he to do with the. second Punic
war? 442, 61
When did Macedonia become a Roman province? 62
Name the principal events between the second and third Punic
wars 61-62
During what war did Greece become a Roman province? What
great cities were taken by Rome in that year? 62
When did Spain pass under Roman rule? 62
Who was Caius Gracchus? When did he become tribune? 439, 62
Sketch the life of ComeUa, "mother of the Gracchi" 422
Give the dates of the Jugurthine war and the names of the leaders.
State facts about Jugurtha 138, 452
What was the Roman social war and what waa the result?. . . . 138
Who was made perpetual dictator of Rome as a result of his
successes in war? 63
Give the dates, the leaders, and the important battles of the
Mithridatic war 138
Who were the gladiators? What waa Cicero's reason for approv-
ing of their contests? 116
Who were the chief leaders of the Gladiatorial war and when
did it occur? 138, 423, 489
Who was Catiline? When and by whom was his conspiracy
discovered? 417, 63
OutUne the events of Cicero's life 419
What is a triumvirate? Name the members of the first Roman
triumvirate 165, 63
Sketch briefly the hfe of Julius Caesar, giving dates of birth
and death 414
When did Caesar become dictator of Rome? 63
For whom was the month of July named? 823
19
When did Csesar invade Britain? 63
What became of Crassua and Pompey? 63
Who succeeded Csesar as master of Rome? 63
Name the members of the second Roman triumvirate 63
Give briefly the life of Mark Antony. By whom and in what
battle was he defeated? .'462, 63
Sketch the life of Cleopatra 420
Name the wars in which Rome was engaged before the beginning
of the Christian era 138
What aqueducts were built during the period of the republic?. . . 510
The Empire
In what year did the republic of Rome become a monarchy?
' What was the population of Rome at that time? 63
What titles were conferred upon Octavius by the Roman senate? 63
How long did Augustus (Octavius) rule? What was the charac-
ter of his reign? 146, 401
For what writings were SaUust, Virgil, Horace, and Livy noted?
Compare the time in which they Uved with the date of
Augustus' reign 447-497, 146
For whom was the month of August named? 801
In what year did Augustus correct the calendar? 64
In what year did the birth of Christ occur? 64
Mention the principal events in the reign of Augustus, noting
particularly all conquests made 63-64
Describe the Pantheon. When was it bmlt? 554, 566
Which one of the decisive battles of history took place in 9 A. D.? 22
Under which of the Roman emperors did the crucifixion of Christ
take place?^ 64, 146
Name the Roman emperors from 14 A. D. to 96 A. D 146
For what quaUties were CaMgula and Nero noted? .64, 415, 470
During whose reign was the city of Rome burned? What great
palace was built in the same year? 64, 817
How did the streets of the rebuilt city compare with those of
the old city of Rome? 566
Who first persecuted the Christians? 64
State some facts about Titus. What were the baths of Titus?. . 64, 566
What volcanic eruption caused the destruction of Pompeii?
Who was emperor of Rome at the time? 558, 576, 146
What is the arch of Titus? The Colosseum? 800, 809, 566
Who were the five good emperors? 146
During whose reign was the Roman empire at its greatest extent? . 65
State five facts about the life of Marcus Aurehus Antoninus .... 401
20
When did the period of military despotism begin? 146
What kind of ruler was Septimius Severus? Mention three
events of his reign 65
What rights did CaracaUa grant the people of Rome? What
was the character of his reign? 65, 415
What is meant by the thirty tjrrants of Rome? 161
Who was Aurelian? When did he rule Rome and what con-
quests did he make? .401, 65
What was Diocletian's form of government? 65
Trace the persecution of the Christians under the Roman em-
perors 64-65
What action did Coiistantius take in regard to the persecution
of the Christians? 65
Describe the catacombs 781
Who was the first Christian emperor? 65
What is the story of Constantine's conversion to Christianity?. . 422
Give the earlier name of the city of Constantinople. Why
was it changed? 809
By what decree was Christianity made the state religion? 422
What is the arch of Constantine? 800, 566
Who was JuUan the Apostate? What attempt particularly
distinguished his reign? 452
Under what rulers was the Roman empire divided? 65
Upon the death of Valens who succeeded to the eastern empire? . . 65
When did Theodosius become emperor of the East and the
West?. 66
Between whom and in what year was the Roman empire finally
divided? 66
Who where the Goths? 116
When was Rome sacked by Alaric? . . . . ; 66, 394
How many years elapsed between the sack of Rome by the
Gaids and the sack of Rome by Alaric? 69, 66
By whom and in what year were public schools established in
Rome? 66
Mention the conquests made and the Roman provinces acquired
by foreign tribes between 410 A. D. and 433 A. D 66
Who were the Huns? 119
Give three facts from the hfe of Attila. By whom was the city
of Venice founded? '401
Sketch the life of Genseric. When did he sack Rome? 436
Who was the last of the Roman emperors of the West? 147
What king was the final conqueror of western Rome? 66
21
How many years elapsed between the founding of the city of
Rome and the fall of the western empire? 66
Mention some great Roman temples and the rulers by whom
they were built 566
Describe the bridges of ancient Rome 778
Who were the augurs? Distinguish between auguries and
auspices 21-22
When was the first Ubrary opened at Rome? How many years
earlier was the first hbrary opened at Athens? 62, 58
What were the sacred groves at Rome? 330
Give an account of the Flaminian way. Describe the Appian way.
Compare these two examples of Roman road buildiiig 815, 800
Quote the words of the king of Parthia when Crassus, of the
first Roman triumvirate, was killed 423
State the customs connected with the temple of Janus 333
For what reason did Csesar build a temple to Venus? 566
What became of Brutus after the assassination of Caesar? 412
When was the circus of Romulus built? How do its ruins com-
pare with those of other circuses? 808
Where is Fiesole? For what is it noted? 815
la what year was the arch of Constantine built? To com-
memorate what event? 800
Describe the sculpture known as "The Dying Gaul". Of what
school of sculpture is it a specimen? 786
When was the capitol at Rome destroyed by Ughtning? 65
In what year was Rome entirely surrounded with a wall? 65
When was the city of Pisa founded? What was its condition
during the empire? 558
Describe the ancient city of Pompeii as disclosed by excavations.
What was the size of the houses and of what were they mainly
built? Who usually occupied the ground floors of the
dwellings? 558-559
By whom was the city of Cologne founded? 526
From what century does the cathedral of Ravenna date? 563
22
ENGLISH HISTORY
By what name was Britain known to the Phenicians? 804
How did Britain receive its name? 804
In search of what metal did the Carthaginians visit Britain?. ... 58
From what country did most of the gold antiquities of British
history come? ,. . . 121
Name two metals used for coins in Britain before the Roman
invasion 656
What was the original name of Scotland? 840
By what name is Ireland mentioned by the early writers? 121
To what people did the early British owe their languag.e? 185
Who were the Druids? 42
What aboriginal race stiU inhabits some parts of Wales? 577
Roman Period
When did the Romans first invade Britain and under what
leader? 63
Under what governor was Roman power established in Britain? . 64, 394
For what purpose was the wall of Antoninus built? How far
did Agricola penetrate into Scotland at that time? 846, 154
Give the extent of the wall built by the Roman emperor
'Hadrian 65, 818
In what British city was Constantine the Great proclaimed
emperor of Rome? 422
What was the capital of Roman Britain? 581
Name five English words of Latin origin which date froni the
Roman occupation of Britain 185
Give five English words of Latin origin introduced when the
Britons were converted to Christianity 185
What was the state of agriculture in Britain during the Roman
period? 647
When was Britain abandoned by the Romans? 66
Why was Rome unable to defend Britain against the Scots and
Picts? 45
How long did the Romans occupy Britain? 647
State some facts regarding the history of Ireland before the
sixth century 121
When did St. Patrick imdertake to convert the natives of Ireland? 121
23
Coming of the Saxons
After the withdrawal of the Romans to whom did the Britons
appeal for aid? 45
Who were Hengest and Horsa? What as^tance did they
render the Britons? 45, 66
Why did the Saxons remain in Britain? What part of the
island did they conquer? 45
Mention three tribes of Teutonic invaders 45
What part of the island was occupied by the Angles? 45
Which of the Teutonic invaders formed the first settlement?
Where? 45
What was the witenagemot? 67, 847
Trace the development of the Saxon heptarchy. Under what
ruler were these Saxon kingdoms united? 45
Give the origin of the word Saxon 840
Describe the development of Christianity through the influence
of Ethelbert, king of Kent 45
By whom was St. Augustine sent to preach Christianity in Britain
in 597 A. D.? i 401
When and by whom was St. Paul's church in London founded? . 68
Wlio published the first code of laws in Britain? 68
In what part of Britain did literature Gave its beginning? 297
Anglo-Saxon Kings
Who was the first king of England? 150
Name the Anglo-Saxon kings in the order of succession. How
long did they rule? 150
What is the origin of the word England? When was the name
applied to Britain as a whole? How was the word at first
speUed? 813, 45
Give three facts which distinguish the reign of Alfred the Great . 70, 395
Who was Dimstan? What power did he exert? 70, 46
Where was Glastonbury abbey? 816
Mention the principal changes brought about during the reign
of the Anglo-Saxon kings 46
Danlsb S^ngs
Who succeeded the Anglo-Saxons in 1017? 150
Name the Danish kings in order of their reign. How long did
they rule? 150
What countries besides England were ruled by Canute? 46, 72
Characterize the reign of Canute 415
24
Saxon Kings
Under what king was the Saxon power restored in 1042? 46, 150
Name the Saxon kings and state how long they ruled 150
What was the character of the reign of Edward the Confessor? . 46, 429
What abbey was built during the reign of Edward the C!onf essor? . 579
Norman Kings
Who was the first Norman king? What was his claim to the
throne? 150, 502
By what battle did WilUam the Conqueror gain the EngUsh
throne, and on what date was he crowned? 502
What was the character of the reign of WilUam the Conqueror? . 502
Name the Norman kings. Give period of their rule 150
What is meant by the feudal system? When was it introduced
into England? 110, 74
What was the Domesday book? 353
Describe the tower of London. For what was it used in early
times? 163
By what name was WilUam II commonly known? Give meaning
of the name 46, 838
What events characterize the reign of Henry I? 46, 445
To whom did Henry I will the crown?. 46
How did Stephen attain to the EngUsh throne? 46
What were the tournaments and when were they introduced
into England? 163
What was the effect of the Norman conquest on the English
e? 185-186
Tbe Plantagenets
Who was the first Plantagenet king? Explain his right to the
throne 46-47
Name the Plantagenet kings in order of succession. How long
did they reign? Why were they caUed Plantagenets?.150-151, 835
What were the inherited possessions of Henry II? 47
Give the most important events of the reign of Henry II 445
What reUgious controversy arose between Henry II and
Thomas k Becket? 47, 404
Mention the circumstances in connpction with the death of
Thomas a, Becket 404
In whose reign was Ireland added to England? 76, 150, 445
By what name was Richard I popularly known? 151, 47
What were the crusades? Who led the third crusade? 38, 47
Who attempted to take Richard I's throne? 47
25
Outline the principal events in the reign of John 47
What was the Magna Charta? In whose reign was it signed?
Give the date 827, 47
What circumstances led to the granting of the Magna Charta?. 47
By whom was the Magna Charta declared void? 47
What was the character of the reign of Henry III? 47
When was the so-called ''mad parUament"? 47, 76
To whom is the origin of the house of commons due? In what
battle was ixe slain? 47
What was the cause of the battle of Lewes? What was its effect
upon Henry Ill's reign? 47, 445
In whose reign was Westminster abbey as it now stands begun? . 579
In whose reign did the first regular parUament meet and of what
did it consist? 47, 76
What nickname was given Edward I? 439
When was Wales annexed to England? Give meaning of word
Wales 47, 76, 846
Name two contestants for the throne of Scotland during the
reign of Edward I - 76, 429
What part did Edward I take in the struggle for the Scottish
throne? 429, 47
What legislative reforms took place in the reign of Edward I?. 47
In what year was Robert Bruce proclaimed king of Scotland? ... 78
In whose reign did Scotland gain her independence? By what
battle? Give date 47
Sketch briefly the life of Robert Bruce 412
What title was first conferred upon Edward II? 429
What was the fate of Edward II? 48, 429
Contrast the reign of Edward III with that of Edward II 48, 47
Give the cause of the hundred years' war. How long did it
last? Who was king of England when it began? 118, 151
Give an accoimt of the battle of Cr^oy. Name two other battles
won by Edward III 527, 48
Upon what condition did Edward III receive the west of France? . 48
Who succeeded Edward III? What was his age at the time of his
accession? 151
What was Wat Tyler's insurrection? 48
Under what circumstances was Richard II deposed? From what
noted house was his successor chosen? 48, 151
During the reign of what Plantagenet king was the scene of
"Ivanhoe" laid? 363
About what time was gunpowder first used by the English? 78
Name two inventions ascribed to Roger Bacon 402
Mention three noted Enghsh writers of the 14th century 298
26
House of Lancaster
Name the kings of the house of Lancaster, and give period of
reign 151
Who was the rightful heir to the throne at the time of the
accession of Henry IV? 48
From what Plantagehet king was Henry IV descended? 161
Who were the LoUards? 48, 127
Under whose reign were heretics first burned in England? .... 48
What foreign crown was claimed by Henry V? 48, 78
In what war was the battle of Agincourt? By whom was it
won? Give date 138, 78
What were the provisions of the treaty of Troyes? '. 48
How old was Henry VI when he was crowned king? 151, 48
Give an accoimt of the life of Joan of Arc. How did she aid
France in the hundred years' war? 399, 22, 81
Describe Cade's rebelhon 33
What was the only French possession retained by the English
at the close of the hundred years' war? 118, 138
Give the cause of the wars of the roses. Why were they so called? 48
For how many years did the wars of the roses continue? Name
the principal battles fought 48, 138
House of York
Who was the first king of the house of York? How did he
obtain the throne? 151, 48
Name the kings of the house of York arid give the period of
their reign 151
What influence had the earl of Warwick upon the reign of
Edward IV7 .498, 80
What term is sometimes applied to the earl of Warwick? 498
How long did Edward V reign? What were the circumstances
of his death? 48, 429
How did Richard III obtain the crown? 48, 480
What battle closed the wars of the roses? What EngUsh king was
killed in this battle? 48, 480
Who published the first printed book in England? 299, 417
House of Tudor
By the accession of what English king were the houses of Lan-
caster and York united? He was the first of what line of
kings? 48, 151
Why were the Tudor kings so called? 165
27
Name the Tudor kings in order of auccessioii. How long did
they rule? 151
What was the "star chamber"? In whose reign was it revived?. 158
What was Posming's law and when was it passed? 121
How many times was Henry VIII married? 49
Who was Cardinal Wolsey? 503
What was the most important event in the reign of Henry VIII?
What was its cause? 49, 445
How did Henry VIII secure for himself the position as head of
the English church? 49
What king of Scotland was'killed in the battle of Flodden? In
what year? 154, 80
What king of England assumed the title of king of Ireland?. . . 121
Name the three children of Henry VIII who succeeded him to
the throne 151, 49
Sketch briefly the reign of Edward VI. How long did he reign? . 49, 151
What led to the execution of Lady Jane Grey? In whose reign
was she beheaded? ^ . . . 49, 82, 151
What were the religious conditions during the reign of Mary? ... 82, 463
Who was Thomas Cranmer? Nicholas Ridley? 423, 480
Explain the claim of Mary, Queen of Scot^, to the English throne
at the time Elizabeth became queen 463
Whose daughter was Mary, Queen of Scots? 463, 154
What was the Spanish armada and when was it destroyed? 21, 82
What were the achievements of Sir Walter Raleigh during the
reign of Ehzabeth? What colony did he name for the
queen? 479
In what year was the first newspaper pubhshed in England? 82
Mention three writers of the Elizabethan age 299
During whose reign was Mary, Queen of Scots, beheaded, and
why? 463
Who succeeded Mary, Queen of Scots, as ruler of Scotland? 154
House of Stuart
What house of kings succeeded the Tudor Une? 151
Name the kings of the house of Stuart? How long did the
Stuarts reign? 151
Of what country was James I already king when he became
king of England? What countries were thus united under
one sovereign? 49, 82, 449, 590
What is meant by the "divine right of kings"? What influence
had this claim upon the reign of James I? 42, 49
28
Who was the bead of the conspiracy known as the gunpowder
plot? Explain the plot 117
When and where was the first English settlement made in Amer-
ica? For what English king was the colony named? . 168, 82, 822
Give the date of the King James version of the Bible 300
Upon what charge was Sir Walter Raleigh executed? 479
In what year did the Pilgrims sail for America? Give name of
the vessel 82
What province of Ireland was seized by James I? By whom
was it settled? 122
Who discovered the circulation of the blood? Name the king
of England at that time 82, 151
Sketch the trouble between parliament and the king in the reign
of Charles 1 49, 418
By what parliament was the ''star chamber" abolished? In what
respect did it violate the Magna Charta? 158
Mention the leading battles and chief leaders of the English
civil war 139
What were Cromwell's ironsides? 122
Sketch the principal facts in the life of Oliver Cromwell 423
In what manner did Cromwell secure the execution of Charles I? 423
When and where was Charles I beheaded? 418
What was the result of the English civil war between king and
parliament? 139
Under what leader was the commonwealth'estabUshed? 84, 49
Describe the poUtical conditions which existed during the early
years of the commonwealth 49
Mention two battles in which Cromwell defeated the Scottish
royaUsts 423
When and how did Cromwell dissolve the "long parliament"? . .423, 49
What title was conferred upon Cromwell by "Barebone's par-
Uament"? 49
Whom did George Monk proclaim as the successor of Oliver
CromweU? 467
In what year did the commonwealth begin? When was the
house of Stuart restored? 84, 151
Who brought about the restoration of the Stuarts under Charles
II? 418, 467
What great legislative act particularly distinguished the reign
of Charles II? 418, 50, 84
Who were the covenanters? The dissenters? 38, 709
When was the great fire in London? 84
Give the characteristics of the reign of James II 50
29
Who were the tories? The whigs? 163
By whom was James II driven from his kingdom? 449
By what authority did William III become king? Who ruled
jointly with him? 50, 151
Over whom did William III gain a victory at the l^attle of the
Boyne? Give date of battle 502, 84
To whom was the term "Orangemen" applied? 832
In whose reign was the bank of England founded? Give date. .84, 151
Mention some provisions of the "declaration of rights" 50
What was the "toleration act"? 162, 50
Explain the purpose of the grand alliance fortried by WiUiam
III. What advantage did the aUiance give England dur-
ing Queen Anne's reign? 50
State some facts about the first duke of Marlborough 50, 463
Mention two battles won by the duke of Marlborough. Which
one of these is one of the decisive battles of the world's
history? 50, 22
When was the war of the Spanish succession? What great
fortress was taken by the English during that war? . . 139, 84, 533
When were England and Scotland united as The United Kingdom
of Great Britain? 50, 86
Give the date of the first vmited parUament of Great Britain. ... 86
What territories did England gain by the treaty of Utrecht?. .50, 165
Describe St. Paul's cathedral. When was it rebuilt and at what
cost? 571
Who was the architect of St. Paul's cathedral? Where is he
buried? .' 571, 503
Under what ruler did England adopt the "Union Jack" as the
national flag? Give the origin of the term 852
What progress in science was made by Sir Isaac Newton? 470
What name is given to the age of English literatm-e of the period
of Queen Anne? 398
What religious persecution did John Bunyan suffer during the
reign of the Stuarts? 413
House of Hanover
What house of kings succeeded the house of Stuart? Why were
they so called? 50
Name the kings of the housse of Hanover. How long did the
house of Hanover rule? 151
What was the .south sea bubble? 841, 50
What influence did Sir Robert Walpole exert on the reigns of
George I and George II? 50
30
In what wars did George II take an active part? 50-51, 13§
What treaty closed the war of the Austrian succession? 51, 164
Who was William Pitt? What important position did he hold? . . 477, 51
What is meant by the black hole of Calcutta? 777
In the reign of George II what changes were made in the calendar? 51
When was Canada formally ceded to Great Britain? 34
When was Great Britain at war with the American colonies?
What was the result of this war? 86, 51
What led to the impeachment of Warren Hastings? In whose
reign did it occur? 443, 86, 151
What caused the war between England and France in 1793? .... 52
What brilliant naval victory was won by the English in 1805? . 52, 88
Give some facts about Horatio Nelson. In what battle was he
killed? 470
What were the Berlin decrees? 52
Describe the battle of Waterloo. Give leaders, date, and result . 179
Of what particular importance is the battle of Waterloo? 22
With what country did Great Britain engage in war in 1812? . . 88
In what year was the legislative union of Great Britain and
Ireland consummated? 122
When was the spinning machine first used in TIngland? 86
Give the year in which iron railways were first used in England.
Steam carriages 88
When was gas first used for lighting the streets of London? .... 88
What important medical discovery was made by Edward Jenner?
Give date 450
Name important inventions made by the following: Arkwright,
Crompton, Watt 399-499, 668
Mention some of the reforms of the reign of George IV 52
What was accomplished by the reform bill of 1832? 52
During whose reign did Great Britain abohsh negro slavery?. 52, 151
Sketch briefly the main facts in the life of Queen Victoria. . . . 497
Of what political party was Sir Robert Peel the leader? Under
what name did he reorganize this party? 52, 475
Upon whose recommendation and in what year were the English
com laws repealed? In what part of the empire did severe
famine exist? 52, 90
Upon what plea did Great Britain become involved in the Crimean
war? What alliance was formed against Russia? 52-53
Give leading battles, chief leaders, and period of the Crimean
war 139, 38
In what year was the government of India transferred to the
British crown? 53
31
Uive chief events m the lives of the following: Gladstone, Disraeli,
Cecil Rhodes ." 438, 428, 480
When was the first Atlantic cable laid? 670, 92
In what year were the British North-American colonies united
as the Dominion of Canada? 34, 63
Give the dates of two Irish land acts passed during Gladstone's
administration as prime minister 53
Upon what queen was the title of empress of India first conferred? . 63, 94
What were the causes of the Boer war? How long did it last? . 63, 27-29
Mention five writers of the Victorian age of Enghsh literature. . 303
Honse of Saxe-Coburg
Show how the name Saxe-Coburg is appUed to the successors of
Queen Victoria 497
Name the first king of the house of Saxe-Coburg. The present
king. When did the reign of each begin ? 161, 605
Wlien and by whom was the name of the royal house of England
changed from Saxe-Coburg to Windsor? 161
Who became premier of England in 1902? What pohcy did he
oppose in 1903? 53, 402
What measures were proposed by Rt. Hon. Joseph Chamberlain
in 1903? 417
Who succeeded Balfour as prime minister of England? In what
year? 53, 415
When did Asquith become prime minister of England? What
wage bill did he introduce? 53, 40C
Mention two important measures of which Lloyd George is the
author 45S
In what year was the old age pension act passed? The mini-
mum wage biU? 63, 96
What important legislative act in behalf of Ireland was intro-
duced by Premier Asquith in 1912? 125
Of what does the present British parUament consist? 69C
Name the countries composing the United Kingdom 634-53f
When and how were Wales, Scotland, and Ireland acquired by
England? .534-53£
Name the deposed kings of England ; 41
What ruler of England ruled the greatest number of years? ..... 151
AMERICAN HISTOBY
Name five Norsemen who visited America in the 10th and 11th
centuries. In what early writings are accounts of their
voyages found? 98, 168, 146
Tell what you can about Eric the Red 431, 98
To what part of North America was the name Vinland given?
What discoverer is believed to have named it? When did
he land? 386, 146, 168
When and where was Christopher Columbus bom? State his
early occupation, the voyage of discovery he planned to make,
the years of waiting, the attitude of Queen Isabella towards
his project 421, 448
Give the date on which Columbus discovered America, and name
the place at which he first landed. What does San Salvador
mean? 421, 839
From what coimtry did Columbus sail? What large island did
he discover? How many voyages did he make? 98, 810, 421
Give an account of the voyages of John and Sebastian Cabot.
What land was discovered by each? Give dates 168, 414, 98
Who was Amerigo Vespucci? What claims did he make in
■ regard to his discoveries? 396
When, for whom, and by whom was America named? 799, 396
By whom was Florida discovered? In what year? Why was
the name Florida chosen? 98, 477, 815
Name the discoverer of the Pacific ocean. Where did he plant
a colony? 98, 402
By whom was Mexico discovered? By whom was it conquered?
Give details of the conquest. . 98, 423
When was Panama settled? What does the name Panama
mean? By whom was the city of Panama founded?. .98, 833, 552
What was the nationality of Jacques Cartier? In whose name
did he claim North America? Why was the gulf of St.
Lawrence so named? 416, 34, 839
Name a discovery made by De Soto. Give the date. How
far did he explore the country? 427, 168
Who founded the city of St. Augustine, Florida? In what
year? For what historical fact is it noted? 98, 838, 168
When was Santa F^ founded? What is the meaning of its name?. 839
Where did Sir Walter Raleigh's expedition plant a colony? In
what year was this settlement made? What name was
given to the territory? 168, 98, 179
33
What English colony did Sir Francis Drake visit? Name a
naval achievement for which he is celebrated 98, 428
For whom was the city of Raleigh named? When was it settled? . 837
Mention the first EngUshman to visit Massachusetts. What
part of the coast did he discover? 132, 98
Connect an important discovery with each of these dates: 1492,
1497, 1534 " 98
Name the oldest European settlement on the American continent.
The oldest in the United States. The oldest permanent
- English settlement in America 552, 168
Give the name of the first EngUsh child bom in America. The
first white child born in New England 98
The Period of Colonization
To what company did James I grant a charter for the territory
known as Virginia? What was the extent of their terri-
tory? 179
When did the English make their first permanent settlement at
Jamestown, Va.? Why did they caU the place James-
town? 98, 822
Give an account of the life of Capt. John Smith. Of Poca-
hontas 489, 477, 179
By whom were the first slaves brought to Virginia? When? . . 98
When and by whom was Quebec settled? Are any Canadian
cities older than Quebec? 98, 562
Give the population of Virginia in 1641 179
Who became governor of Virginia in 1642? What was the cause
of Bacon's rebelhon? When did it occur? 99, 179
In what year was Maryland settled? By whom? When was an
act of reUgious toleration passed? 98, 168, 131
When was the city of Baltimore founded? For whom was it
named? , •. 131, 801
What is Mason and Dixon's line? When was it adopted? 132, 131
Trace the history of the name Carohna as applied to North and
South Carohna 806
Name the first settlement in South Carolina. Give date. Until
what date were the two Carolinas united? 155, 99
For what is John Locke known to Americans? 458
Name the first settlement in Georgia. Who made it? After
whom was Georgia named? 624, 113, 472
When and by whom was the first settlement within the state of
New Jersey made? Where? Of what state was New Jersey
originally a part? 135, 624
34
Explain the circumstances which led to the granting of a separate
constitution for New Jersey. Why was New Jersey so
named? 135, 831
When was Plymouth, Mass., founded? State the origin of its
name 168, 835
Tell what people settled Plymouth, from what country they
came, and the name of the ship ia which they sailed. Who
was their leader? 132, 168, 98
Name the first governor of the Pljmaouth colony. The second . . 98
Sketch the life of Miles Standish. In what way was he helpful
to the Pljrmouth colony? 490
In what historic poem by Longfellow is Priscilla a character? Tell
the story of the poem 376
What company sent John Endicott to America? What settle-
ments were planted by his expedition? 132
When and by whom was Salem settled? Boston? Give the
origin of both names 168, 839, 803
Who were the first and second governors of Massachusetts
colony? What influence did the second exert? 98, 503
Why was Roger Williams banished from Massachusetts? 502
In what year was Harvard college founded? By whom? . 98, 699, 443
By whom and where was the first printing press estabhshed in
the British American colonies? In what year? 98
In what part of America did King PhiHp's war take place? How
long did it last? Give dates. Who was King Philip?. . .168, 476
Mention two colonies which were affected by King Philip's war. . . 132, 146
When did Massachusetts lose her charter? When was a new
charter issued? Name two colonies united in 1692 132
Who was at the head of the Plymouth company which made unsuc-
cessful attempts to settle the Maine region? Between what
parallels did this territory he? 131
When were the first two settlements made in New Hampshire?
Name them 135, 168
When was Maine first set apart? To whom was its charter
granted? 131
Why was New Hampshire so named? Maine? 831, 827
Under the jurisdiction of what province did Maine and New
Hampshire fall? When, did New Hampshire become a
separate province? 168, 131, 135
Name two countries claiming the Connecticut territory. Which
finally secured it? 37
Where and by whom were the first three settlements made in
Connecticut? Give dates 37
35
By whom was the city of New Haven founded? 37
Give the date of the first constitution of Connecticut. Why is this
constitution worthy of special mention? 98, 37
Tell the story of the charter oak. Where was it? Who was
governor at that time? What action was he endeavoring
to take? 35, 37
Give an account of the settling of Rhode Island, with date. Name
the first settlement in the state. Mention three later
settlements in Rhode Island 98, 146, 168
When did Hendrik Hudson explore the river which bears his
name? By whom was he employed? 135
By whom was New York state first settled? Where? When? . . 135, 98
State the extent of the territory called New Netherland. Into
the possession of what company did it soon pass? 135
When and by whom was Albany settled? Under what name? . . 168, 135
How did the Dutch acquire Manhattan island? Who was their
governor at that time? 135
When did Peter Stuyvesant become governor of New Amsterdam?. 99
On what grounds did the English claim New Netherland? How
were these claims enforced? 135, 168
Give the date upon which New Amsterdam became New York.
For whom was New York named? 135, 168
State the nationality of the first settlers of Delaware. By whom
were they driven out? To what country was Delaware
next subjected? 39
To whom did the English sell Delaware? With what state was
it governed until the revolution? For whom was Delaware
named? 39, 811
Who colonized Pennsylvania? Give date. State five important
facts concerning the settlement of Pennsylvania 140-141
Tell some facts about WilUam Penn. What city did he found?
What does its name mean? .475, 140, 834
Where did each of the following make explorations: Marquette?
Joliet? La SaUe? ' 99, 456, 130
By whom was New Orleans founded? When? 130, 99
Name three wars between the French and the Enghsh from 1692 to
1748. What was the principal event of King George's war? . 168, 99
When did the French and Indian war begin? Name six of its
prominent events 168
Who won the battle of Fort Duquesne? Give facts about the
English commander 99, 410
Mention two generals killed in the battle of Quebec. State
which army was victorious 99, 467, 503
m
What country was called Acadia? Where were the Acadians
taken in 1755? When was Acadia ceded to the British? ■•'
797, 99-100, 343
By what treaty was the French and Indian war ended? To
what countries did France cede Canada and Louisiana?. 168, 34, 130
When did Franklin discover electricity? 86, 99
Name in the order in which they were settled the thirteen original
colonies. Give the dates of settlement of Virginia, New
York, Massachusetts, Maryland 624
Mention an important event in the history of British America
that occurred during 1620. Of French America. Of
Spanish America 98
Explain what is meant by the Mecklenburg declaration 132
What were the Blue Laws? In what state and in what year
were they compiled? 27
The KeToIutlonary Period
Who became king of England in 1760? 151
State the sentiment of the colonies after the close of the French
and Indian war. What were "writs of assistance"? 169
When was the stamp act passed? Tell of its provisions and
how it was received by the colonists. 169
In what city did delegates assemble to resist the stamp act?
Give details of the action taken by the congress 100, 169
When was the stamp act repealed? By what other taxes was it
followed? 169
Describe the Boston massacre. The Boston tea party 169
What were the provisions of the Boston port bill? 169
Give the date of the first continental congress. Where did it
meet? How many colonies were represented? What
action was taken? 169
State some facts about John Hancock 442
Who warned the people of Lexington of the British attack?
Describe the battle of Lexington 127, 480
Give the exact date of the battle of Lexington. Tell why this
battle was of so great importance '. 169, 127, 100
Mention the important conquests made by Ethan AUen . . 169, 396, 162
Relate in detail the proceedings of the second continental con-
gress 169
In what year was George Washington appointed commander-
in-chief of the American forces? 100, 169
Describe the ba,ttle of Bunker Hill 32, 169
Mention an iinportant event of March 17, 1776 169, 519
37
When and where was the declaration of independence adopted?
By whom was it written? 100, 169
Give in substance the first, second, and last paragraphs of the
declaration of independence. Name five of the prominent
signers 599-600
When was the first United States flag unfurled? Explain the
origin of the stars and stripes. When was the flag adopted
by congress? Who caUed the flag "Old Glory"? 100, 789, 110
Give the history of the Uberty bell 794
What was the result of the battle of Long Island? Of White
Plains? What is meant by Washington's retreat? . 169
How did Washington spend Christmas night, 1776? 169
What part did each of the following take in the revolution:
Comwallis? Lafayette? Kosciusko? 422-455
Name an American city taken by the British forces in 1777. . . 100, 170
Name the commanders at the battle of Saratoga. What was
the result of this battle? 170, 413, 436
Mention three battles of 1777 in which Gen. Burgoyne partici-
pated ' 170
Give the date of Burgoyne's surrender at Saratoga. Why is
Saratoga one of the decisive battles of history? 170, 22
Where is Valley Forge? For what is it noted? 845, 170
State which army was victorious at each of the following battles:
Monmouth, Savannah, Stony Point, Charleston, Camden,
King's Mountain 170, 11-19
Give three important facts concerning the life of Anthony
Wayne. When was the battle of Stony Point? 499, 18
What brilliant service did Paul Jones render the American
colonists? 100, 170, 452
Tell the history of Major Andf6 and Benedict Arnold. . .397, 399, 100
In what part of the country were most of the miUtary operations
of 1781? Under what commander? 170
Mention three battles of 1781 in the South 170
What was the last battle of the revolution? Give date and
place of Cornwallis' surrender 170, 100
In what year were the articles of confederation adopted by the
thirteen colonies? When were they ratified? When did-
they go into effect? 100, 586, 170
£n what city and in what year was the bank of North America
established? Give facts about Robert Morris 100, 468, 652
By what treaty was the revolution closed? 100, 164
Give an accoimt of Shays's rebellion 100, 154
38
In what year did the constitutional convention assemble at
Philadelphia? When was the constitution adopted? When
did it become effective? 100, 170, 594
Show why the achievements of the following entitle them to
be ranked as noted Americans: Benjamin Franklin, Patrick
Henry, Thomas Jefferson, Samuel Adams, John Jay 394-450
In what year was the independence of the United States recognized
by Holland? When by Denmark? Sweden? Spain? Russia? . 100
The Development ot the Union
Who was the first president of the United States? In what
year was he elected? How long did he serve? 101, 144-145
Give a brief account of the life of George Washington 498
To what political party did Washington belong? State the
number of candidates for president of the United States
in 1789 144-145, 618
On what date was Washington inaugurated? In what city?
How was the date of inauguration chosen? 170, 794
Of how many departments did Washington's cabinet consist?
Name them. Give the names of the members of Washington's
cabmet in 1789 636-638
Which member of Washington's cabinet planned the organiza-
tion of the United States bank? Tell" something of his life . 652, 442
Where did the first congress of the United States meet? When?. 101, 794
Name three states admitted to the Union during Washington's
administration 101
During whose administration as president was the United States
supreme court organized? The first census enumeration
ordered? The first tariff bill passed? 101
Who laid the cornerstone of the United States capitol? When
was the capital removed from Philadelphia to Washington? . 101
By whom was the cotton-gin invented? State some facts
about the inventor 101, 501
Name two pohtical parties existing in Washington's time, and
state their views 171
Name the second president of the United States. How was the
vice-president chosen? , 101, 171
Explain the alien and sedition laws. With what country was
the United States having trouble at the time these laws
were passed? 171
Was John Adams a popular president? Give reasons 171
What president was elected by the house of representatives in
1800? Why? 171
Why was the twelfth amendment to the constitution adopted?
What are its provisions? 171, 598
Under whose administration was the District of Columbia
established? 101
Give an account of the purchase of Louisiana, telling from what
nation it was purchased, the price paid, and the date of
the transaction 171, 101, 130
Name two explorers who traveled through Oregon and Wash-
ington, 1804-1806. By whom were fur traders sent to these
territories? 140, 179
Give an account of Aaron Burr's conspiracy. What office did
he hold under President Jefferson? 171, 414, 101
Who built the Clermont? When did she make her first trip
from New York to Albany? What was her rate of speed? . 101, 435
Explain the embargo act and the conditions that led to it. When
was it passed? When was it repealed? 171, 101
Name two important events of Adams's administration. Of
Jefferson's 101
Against what country did the United States declare war in
1812? Review the causes of this war 101, 171
Mention four naval engagements in 1812. Compare results of
the battles on the land with those on the water 101, 171
Describe fully the battle of Lake Erie. What fact did this
battle establish? 126, 476
What were the results of the battles at Chippewa and Lundy's
Lane? 171, 130
Mention some buildings in Washington burned during the war
of 1812. Give the date and some details of the attack. . . . 171
Name the treaty of peace closing the war of 1812. What battle
took place after this treaty was signed? 171, 164
Who commanded the American forces at the battle of New
Orleans? Compare the two armies 102, 449, 171
Why was Monroe's administration called the "era of good feeling"? . 172
What were the provisions of the Missouri compromise? Why
was it called a compromise? 172, 134
When and from what country did the United States acquire '
Florida? 102, 110, 172
What are the principles of the Monroe doctrine? In what year
was it proclaimed? 172, 102
Name the states admitted from 1803 to 1825, and state who
was president when each was admitted 101-102
Give briefly the most important facts in the Uvea of James
Madison and James Monroe 461, 467
40
Mention five important events during the administration of
James Madison. Of James Monroe 101-102
In what year was the Erie canal completed? Where is it?
State its length 102, 653
When was the first railroad built in the United States? What
was its motive power? When was the first locomotive built
in the United States? 102, 674, 103
Mention a subject to which William Lloyd Garrison devoted
much time after 1831. State the character of a book by
William EUery Channing pubUshed in 1841 436, 418
What position was taken by Andrew Jackson in regard to the
United States bank? , 172
State the origin of the political parties known as whigs and
democrats 172, 171
Explain the nullification act of South Carolina. How was the
affair finaUy settled? 172
Show why the attainments of the following entitle them to be
regarded as noted Americans : Calhoun, Clay, Andrew Jackson,
Daniel Webster. . . ; ' 414-499.
Relate the conditions existing in Texas early in the 19th century.
Describe the battle of the Alamo 160-161, 11, 103
Under whose administration was the Morse system of telegraphy
patented? Between what cities was the first message sent?. 103
How long did William H. Harrison serve as president? By
whom was he succeeded? ' 103
What was the Dorr rebellion? State the causes. .42, 103
Name the official position held by Daniel Webster when the
Ashburton treaty was signed. How did this treaty affect
the state of Maine?, 499, 103, 131
Give two important events from the administration of each of
the following: John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson, Van
Buren, Tyler 102-103
What was the Oregon question? Mention the two parallels
named in the dispute. How was the matter settled? 172
State the cause of the war with Mexico in 1846. Name impor-
tant battles and leaders. What territories did the United
States acquire as a result of this war? 172, 139, 103
Explain what is meant by the Wilmot proviso ,. 103, 173
Associate the name of each of the following with some crisis in
American history: Sam Houston, Winfield Scott, Santa
Ana, Zachary Taylor 447-493
Name the states admitted during the administrations of Jackson,
Van Buren, Polk 103, 624
41
Outline the principal events of James K. Polk's administration . 103, 477
What discovery greatly increased the population of California
in 1849? 104, 33
Give full details of the compromise of 1850. Name its author.
Which provision of this compromise is called the fugitive
slave law? 173
How did the United States acquire New Mexico? What was
the Gadsden purchase? 135
What was the Kansas-Nebraska bill? When was it passed? . . . 173, 104
Describe the feeHng existing between the northern and southern
states from 1850 to 1860. What was the principal issue?. . 173
Give facts abput Stephen A. Douglas and Charles Sumner, show-
ing their attitude towards the public questions of their time.428, 492
Explain the troubles in Kansas, 1854 to 1859 173, 126
From what earUer political parties was the republican party of
1856 formed? '. 173
Name the states admitted and other important events occurring
during the administrations of Taylor, Fillmore, Pierce 104
During what years was James Buchanan president? 104
For what is Cyrus W. Field noted? When was the first message
received over the Atlantic cable? 433, 104
Which was the first southern state to secede from the Union? .... 104
Give the names of three men who were candidates for president
of the United States in 1860. Which was elected? . 619, 173, 104
Name the states which seceded from the Union in 1861 104
Where and when did the organization of the "Confederate States
of America" take place? Who was chosen president? .... 104, 174
Give an account of the life of Jefferson Davis 425
Describe the first attack on Fort Sumter. Who commanded
the confederate forces? The union? 174, 158
Give the date of the first battle of Bull Run. The second. In
what state were these -battles fought? Name the com-
manders. §tate the result 32, 12
Name six battles of 1862 — two fought in the North and four
in the South 105
By whom was New Orleans captured in 1862? Give facts about
Farragut 16, 105, 432
What was the nature of the emancipation proclamation? When
and by whom was it issued? , 44-45, 105, 176
Name four important battles of 1863. Which army was victorious
at ChancellorsviUe? At Chickamauga? At Gettysburg? . 105, 11-19
Describe the battle of Gettysburg. Who were the commanders?
Give its date .' 115
Mention three battles of 1864. Which army was victorious in
each? 105, 11-19
In what year was the battle of Antietam fought? The Wilder-
ness? How many were killed and wounded in each battle?. 11, 19
By what battle was the civil war terminated? , 175
Review briefly the civil war, giving dates^ battles, leaders, and
result 139
Give facts about Robert E. Lee, stating his education and the
wars in which he fought 456
When was General Lee made commander-in-chief of the con-
federate armies? Name four battles of the civil war in
which he commanded 456
What service did the following render the confederacy: Beaure-
gard? Early? "Stonewall" Jackson? Albert Sidney John-
ston? Joseph E. Johnston? 404-451
Give an account of the life of Ulysses S. Grant. In what year did
he become commander-in-chief of the federal armies?
When general of the army of the United States? 439
How did each' of the following distinguish himself during the civil
war: McCleUan? Meade? Sheridan? Sherman? 464-488
When was Abraham Lincoln assassinated? Sketch the principal
events of his life. How long was he president? 457, 144-145
By whom was Lincoln succeeded as president? 105
What two amendments to the constitution of the United States
were proclaimed during Johnson's administration? State
the purpose of each 105-106, 598-599
Tell fully how and when Alaska came into the possession of the
United States 105, 177, 508
What conditions led to the impeachment of Andrew Johnson?
Before what body was he tried? What was the verdict? . . 177, 451
Who became president of the United States in 1869? 106, 439
What was the fifteenth amendment to the constitution? When
was it ratified? 106, 598-599
For what claims was the Geneva award paid? State the amount.
By what treaty was the matter adjusted? 177, 106, 165
Give the history of the Alabama claims. How were they arbi-
trated? Who named the arbitrators? 11
For what is Horace Greeley noted? When was he a candidate
for president of the United States? 440, 177
Who was Sitting Bull? How was he regarded by his tribe? What
was his attitude toward the whites? What American general
was killed in the battle of the Little Big Horn? Give date . . 106, 488
Name six notable events of Grant's administration 106
43
By what body was the election of president decided in 1876?
Which candidate was declared elected? 177
Mention three events of Hayes's administration 106
How long did James A. Garfield serve as president? Give some
of his personal characteristics 106, 144-145, 436
Who succeeded to the presidency ■after the assassination of
Garfield? 106
Describe Bartholdi's statue of Liberty. Where is it? By whom
was it unveiled? 539, 107
Under whose administration was Chinese immigration prohibited? . 107
During whose administration was the McKinley tariff bUl passed?
The Wilson tariff bill? 107, 108
Give the more important events of Cleveland's two administra-
tions. Outline the leading facts of his life 107-108, 420
What states were admitted under President Harrison? 107
In what year did McKinley take office as president? 108
Name a tariff bill which became effective during McKinley's
administration 108
What was the cause of the Spanish-American war? 156, 38-39
Name the leading battles and the chief leaders of the Spanish-
American war. How long did this war last? How much
money did it cost the United States? 139, 156-158
Describe the battle of Manila Bay. Name the American com-
mander. Compare this battle with Trafalgar 131, 427
Give facts about Sampson, Schley, and Roosevelt in connection
with the Spanish- American war. 156-167, 486, 482
For what military service is each of the following distinguished :
Adna R. Chaffee, Robley D. Evans, Richmond P. Hobson,
Nelson A. Miles, Charles D. Sigsbee, Joseph Wheeler,
Leonard Wood? 417-503
By what treaty was the Spanish-American war closed? What
territory did the United States acquire? How much money
did the United States pay to Spain? 177, 164, 139
When did congress authorize seK-government for Cuba? In
what year was the government formally transferred to the
Cuban authorities? 39
When and in what city was President McKinley assassiaated?
Sketch briefly the life of McKinley 108, 177, 464
By whom was McKinley succeeded as president? 108
Under whose administration was the Panama canal purchase
made? When was the treaty signed? What are its terms? . 108, 553
What cabinet department was created in 1903? 108, 639
In what year was Japanese immigration restrained? 177
44
When did the pure food law take effect? 109
When was the San Francisco earthquake? 109
Mention the leading events of Roosevelt's first administration.
His second. Give a brief sketch of his life 108rl09, 482
Name some prominent positions held by William H. Taft before
his election to the presidency. When did he become presi-
dent? 492
What were the chief features of the Taft administration? . . . 109, 178
Under whose administration was each of the following states
admitted: Arizona? New Mexico? Oklahoma? 109
When and by whom was the north pole discovered? 109
In what year were postal savings banks established? The '"
parcel post system? 109, 849, 848
When was the progressive party organized? 94
When were the sixteenth and seventeenth amendments to the
constitution ratified? In whose administrations? What
are the provisions of these amendments? 109, 599
In what field of activity was Woodrow Wilson prominent before
he entered political life? Give a brief sketch of his
career 502-503
What are the noteworthy events of Wilson's administration?. .109, 178
Who was president during the war of 1812? The war with
Mexico in 1846? The civil war? The Spanish-American
war? The world war? 139, 101-109
How many presidents served two fuU terms? 144-145
Which president served the shortest term? 144-145
How many presidents were coUege men? How many were
self-taught or had only common school education? 144-145
How many presidents were bom ia the state in which you hve? .144^145
Which state has produced the greatest niunber of presidents? . 144^145
State the number of democratic presidents since 1860. Repub-
hcan ! 144-145
Where is Lincoln buried? Grant? FiUmore? 144-145
Which president once killed a man in a duel? 785-786
Mention a cabinet department created in 1913 640
Associate each of the following names with some public enter-
prise: Jane Addams, Clara Barton, Andrew Carnegie, George
W. Goethals, Jacob Riis 394-481
With what country and in what year was Perry's treaty made?
How many important treaties in American history have
been made at Paris? 164
Who is now president gf the United States? 144-145, 605
45
CANADA
By whom was the giilf of St. Lawrence first explored? When? ... :
When and by whom was Quebec founded? What was the
character of the settlement? 34, 98, 5
State the year in which the French Jesuits settled at Port Royal.
Where was Fort St. Louis built? By whom?
Give an account of the life of Samuel de Champlain. When did
he become governor of Canada? i 418,
What name was given to Canada by the French settlers? 8
By what people was Port Royal taken in 1628?
What country took Quebec in 1629? Name the leader 562,
How long after 1629 did the English hold Quebec? By whose
influence was Canadian territory restored to the French?
Give date 562, !
Mention two classes of missionaries active in Canada early in
the 17th century. Give three facts about them
By whom and when was Montreal founded? Who named the
place? 546, 8
Name the first bishop of Quebec '
Mention a mission founded in 1668
When was the Hudson bay company chartered? What territory
was granted the company? ;
From what stronghold and throughout what district did the
French rule during the 17th century and the early half of
the 18th century?
In what year did Frontenac become governor of Canada?
Locate a fort named for him !
Of the Indian tribes in Canada name one friendly to the Engjish '
and one hostile tribe I
What tribe of Indians captured Lachine? !
During the greater part of the 18th century what European
countries were struggUng for control of America? \
Name the principal event of King George's war 168, !
Name the leaders at the battle of Quebec. Which was vic-
torious? On what "plains" was the battle fought? What
contest was practically ended by this battle? 34, 503, 467, 5(
Give the date of the conquest of Montreal by the English. State
the importance of this capitulation 34, 5'
By what treaty of peace was the French and Indian war ended?
What were its terms? 168, J
How were Montreal and Quebec affected by the American revo-
lution? 546, 1(
46
At what time were St. John, N. B., and Kingston, Ontario,
founded? 100
In what year was Canada divided into Upper and Lower Canada?
What was the character of each division? 101, 34
When and by whom was the city of Toronto fomided? Give
the name of the fort which formerly occupied the site of
Toronto 575, 99, 844
At what time was slavery rendered illegal in Upper Canada? In
Lower Canada? Was this earlier or later than the aboMtion
of slavery throughout the British dominions? 101, 155
Who was the founder of Ottawa? By what name was Ottawa
formerly known? 551
In what year was the WellandKianal completed? What cities does
it connect? 102
When was constitutional government granted to Newfoundland? 103
At what time were Upper and Lower Canada revmited for legis-
lative purposes? 34
What city became the capital of Canada in 1858? 104
By what legislative act were the British colonies in North America
united? What name was given to their union? 34,53
Name the colonies included in the Dominion of Canada at the
time it was constituted. Mention three others added from
1868 to 1873. What colony refused to join the confed-
eracy? 34, 105, 106
Who was the first governor-general of Canada? 151
Name the first premier of Canada. Mention other important
offices held by him What was his influence in the federa-
tion of the colonies? 152, 460
Give a brief sketch of the life of Alexander Mackenzie. What
honor did he decline? 460
What agitation took place in Nova Scotia in 1868? 106
State the cause of Rial's rebellion. How was it suppressed?
-Give its date 34
In what circumstances was Manitoba organized? What name
was given to the unorganized territory beyond Manitoba?. . . 34
Name the divisions of the Northwest Territory made in 1882. . . . 107
By what treaty of 1871 was the fisheries dispute with the United
States settled? What arrangement was made? 34
Describe the second rebelhon headed by Louis Riel 34-35
When did the Washington treaty expire? How did its expira-
tion affect the fisheries question? 35
How and when was the Bering sea question settled? 35
47
In Vhat year was the controversy over the Alaskan boundary
decided? In favor of which country? 35, lOS
When was the Canadian Pacific railway completed? 107
In what year was the Canadian-Australian cable laid? lOS
When was the university of Ottawa founded? McGill university?
King's CoUege, Windsor, N. S.? 100-lOS
In what year did the first transatlantic steamer arrive at Quebec?
When was the suspension bridge at Niagara Falls opened?
The Grand Trunk raiboad? 104
At what time did Canada adopt .the decimal system of coinage? . . KM
What administration changes occurred in 1911? What reciprocal
measure was defeated at the same time? 109, 3'
State the important facts from the lives of Sir Charles Tupper,
Sir Wilfrid Laurier, Robert Laird Borden, Duke of Con-
naught, Baron Strathcona, Sir Lomer Gouin 409-49'
Name the present governor-general of Canada. The present
premier 151, 152
MEXICO
According to traditional history what different dates are given
for the occupation of Mexico by the Toltecs? 98, 132, 162
Describe the Toltecs^their mode of life, their reUgion, their
progress and civUization 132, 162-163
What was the fate of the Toltecs in Mexico? By whom were
they succeeded? Give the approximate date 132, 162, 98
Give an account of the government of the Aztecs. Of their
religion 132
When was the city of Mexico founded? What is the origin of
its name? 98, 132, 829
Name the first Spanish discoverer to visit Mexico. Give the
date. What sort of government did he set up? .... 132, 423, 98
With what territories was Mexico united in 1540? Under what
name? How was all this territory governed? 132
How did Mexico rank with other Spanish colonies? With what
country was Mexico compelled to carry on all its foreign
trade? 132-133
For how long did Spain rule Mexico? Under what circumstances
was the republic of Mexico established? 132-133
Who became president of Mexico in 1833? Give the leading
events of his life 103, 485
Give the dates connected with the independence of Texas. What
war was the result of the annexation of Texas by the United
States? , 133, 103
48
Name the Mexican leader in the war against the United ' States
in 1846. State the result of the war 139
Sketch affairs in Mexico from 1855 to 1867 133
By what country was the Emperor Maximilian sent to Mexico?. . 133
How long did Maximilian rule Mexico? How did the empire
end? Who resumed the government of Mexico? 105, 133
In what year did Porfirio Diaz become president of Mexico?
How long did he serve? Name two events of his admin-
istration 133, 427, 109
Why did Porfirio Diaz resign as president? Give facts about
Madero 133, 109
Who led an insurrection beginning in 1912? 133
Name the leader of an insurrection commencing in 1913 109
What led the U. S. to take Vera Cruz in 1914? 133
SOUTH AMERICA
When did the Incas rule Peru? 120
By whom waa Peru conquered in 1533? 120, 477
Who were the first two European explorers of Argentina? At
what time were their explorations made? 20
When was Buenos Ayres founded? , Why was the site chosen?
What does its name mean? 20, 804
From what European country, did some of the colonists of
Argentina come? 20
Where did the Spanish establish themselves in 1729? 99
Until 1775, how was Argentina governed? What change of
government was made in that year? What territory was
added? What city became the capital? 20, 100
What people regarded Titicaca as a sacred place? Tell one of
their legends 844
Wien were Buenos Ayres and Montevideo occupied by the
English? What was the effect on the colonists? 20
In what year did the independence of Argentina begin? 101, 20
What confederation was formed in 1816? In 1831? Describe
conditions in the Argentine confederation, 1831 to 1859. . . 20
When was the constitution of Argentina decreed? 102
Mention the territories acquired by Argentina in 1881. Between
what two countries were Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego
divided? 20, 106
Tell something of the development of railroads in Argentina . . 108, 20
How did Argentina restrict immigration in 1911? 20
49
Name a large battleship launched for the Argentine navy. Give
date 109
Make a statement about Argentina's expenditures for education
in recent years 20
Name the president of Argentina 604-605
What Portuguese navigator discovered Brazil? When? 143
When did Amerigo Vespucci visit BrazU? 396
Who made the first settlement in Brazil? In what year? 31
Under the power of what country did Brazil fall in 1578? To
what country did it become a prey? 31
When did Portugal recover Brazil from the Hollanders? 31, 84
Why was the seat of Portuguese government once at Rio de ,.
Janeiro? When did Brazil become a kingdom? 143, 31, 102
Who was the "perpetual defender" of Brazil? When did he
proclaim the independence of the country? 31-32, 102
When was the republic of Brazil founded? 32
What important international steps were taken by Brazil during
the year 1906? 32
Name a conference held at Rio de Janeiro in 1906 109
What demonstration of international interest was given by Rio de
Janeiro in 1908? 32
Who is the president of Brazil? 604-605
To whom did Chile originally belong? By whom was it con-
quered in 1535? 35
When and by whom was Santiago founded? 839
For how many years was Chile a Spanish colony? When did
Chile gain her independence? 35
Compare Chile with other South American states with respect
to internal disturbances 35
From what countries did Chile gain large territories in 1881?. .35, 106
What serious disaster visited Valparaiso in 1906? 788
Who is now president of Chile? 604-605
Give facts about Atahualpa, Simon Bolivar, Santos-Dumont. . 400-48S
SO
raSTOET OF CONTINENTAL EUROPE
ITALY
Under whom did the kingdom of Italy begin? By what con-
queror of Italy was he put to death? 66, 67
Who was Belisarius? Justinian? For whom did Belisarius
take Italy? 405, 452, 67
What parts of Italy did the Lombards conquer? Give date.
Give meaning of the name Lombards 127, 67
Where and when was Charlemagne crowned king of Italy? What
other countries did he rule? , 69, 418
To what empire did southern Italy become subject in 890 A. D.? . 70
Where, when, and by whom was Otto I crowned king of Italy?
Of what country was he already king? 473
In what year was Italy united to Germany? 73
What is meant by the two Sicilies? 154
By whom was Sicily taken from the Saracens? What title did
his son receive? 75, 482
In what century did Venice become a great maritime power?
From what period does the cathedral of St. Mark date?. . .75, 576
Who were the Ghibellines? The Guelphs? What influence
had their feud upon Italy? 115
What were the SiciUan vespers? 123, 155
State some facts about Savonarola. When did he Uve? 485
Describe the progress made by the republics of Italy during
the 12th and 13th centuries. How did these conditions
lead to the downfall of the states? 123
When did the dominion of Italy pass to the pope? 76
Give an account of Dante's Ufe. Why was he banished? 424
Who was Lorenzo de' Medici? For what was the Medici family
distinguished? 465, 80
For what is the pontificate of Pope Leo X noted? How was
he related to Lorenzo de' Medici? 80, 456, 26
For what is Michaelangelo famed? Of what great structure
was he the architect? 397-398, 572
Give the date of Napoleon's Italian campaign 86
When was the ItaUan republic proclaimed? Who became its
president? 86, 88
What coronation took place at Milan in 1805? How long did
the kingdom of Italy last? 543-544, 88
51
After the fall of Napoleon by what authority was Italy recon-
stituted? 123
AATiat was the result of the revolution of 1848? Explain what
Cavour accomplished for Italy at this time 91, 417
When did Victor Emmanuel become king of Sardinia, and when
king of Italy? 497, 93
Describe Garibaldi's career. Mention one of his conquests. . . . 436, 123
When did Rome become the capital of Italy? Under what
control was Rome from 728 to 1870? 95, 567
What is the Vatican? Under whose power is it? 576, 567
With whom was Italy at war, 1911-12? State result 123, 139
Sketch briefly facts about the following: Raphael, Titian,
Leonardo da Vinci 479-497
What did Galileo do toward the progress of science? What
opposition did he meet? 435
What Italian city was the birthplace of Christopher Columbus?
What great discovery did he make? Give date 421,98
THE EASTERN EMPIRE
TVKKET, OR THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE
When did Justinian become emperor of the east? What were
the characteristics of his reign? 67, 452
Mention some territory acquired by the eastern empire before
600 A. D. Give the extent of the empire in 600 67, 68
How was Constantinople twice saved from the Saracens? 68
From what part of the world did the Ottoman Turks come?. . . 166
When were the Turks first recognized as a nation? 67
From whom did the Turks get their reUgion? In what century? . 166
What does Ottoman mean? Who was Othman? 833, 166
By whom was the Ottoman empire founded? When? 76
When did the Ottomans establish themselves in Europe? 79
Trace the Ottoman encroachments upon the eastern empire 78-80
For what purpose did John VII of the eastern empire visit Italy? . 78
When did the eastern empire end? How long had it existed?. .80, 42
During the 14th and 15th centuries what was the military rank
of the Turkish empire? 166
Mention the territory acquired by Turkey between 1360 and
1520 166, 81-83
By whom was the Turkish navy created? In what century?. . 166
Under whom did the Ottoman empire reach its greatest power? . . 166
For what was Solyman the Magnificent celebrated? 166, 489
Mention the first great naval defeat and the first great reverse
on land which the Ottoman empire met 166
52
When was the battle of Lepanto fought? By whom? 166, 127
Name Turkey's strongest opponent in the 18th century 166
What Russian territory did Turkey hold at the middle of the
18th century? 166
When did the Turkish empire lose the Crimea? 167, 87
By what means and at what time did Greece become independent
of Turkey? 167
Give the cause of the Crimean war. What countries united with
Turkey in that war? - 167, 38
What was the result of the Crimean war? 167, 139
Explain the causes and the results of the Russo-Turkish war. 167, 139
Name the territory lost by Turkey between 1878 and 1885 . . . 167
By whom was Abdul-Hamid forced to abdicate? What is the
order of succession to the Turkish throne? 167, 393
Give the cause and the result of the Balkan war ; 167, 139
SPAIN AND POBTUGAL
By what names was Spain known to the Greeks and to the
Romans? Why was Spain so named? 155, 842
In what century and by whom was Barcelona founded and
named? 155-156, 801
In what order was Spain successively controlled by the Moors,
the Visigoths, the Greeks, the Romans? Trace the same
nations in Portugal 156, 142
Under the power of what invading nation was Spain at the time
of the fan of the westejrn empire, 476 A. D.? What invaders
made Toledo their capital? 156, 844
Describe conditions in Spain under Roman rule 156
When did the Moors obtain control of Spain? When did they
lose it? When were the last Moors expelled? 156, 19, 82
In what century did small Christian kingdoms begin to spring
up in Moorish Spain? 156
What ia the Alhambra? When was it founded? 798, 77
Show how Ferdinand V of Castile became monarch of all the
Spanish kingdoms 432, 156
When was the conquest of Granada made? 80, 156
Name an important discovery made during the reign of Ferdi-
nand and Isabella. Give the date 432-433
What Portuguese city was the market of the world in the 16th
century? 82
Mention some celebrated Portuguese navigators, their voyages
and discoveries 143
When did Spain acquire the PhiUppines?. 82
53
Between what dates was Portugal under Spanish rule? 82, 84
Describe the Spanish armada. In what year and with what object
was it sent out? What was the result? 21
Under what ruler were Mexico and Peru added to Spain? Give
dates 156, 83
When did the war of the Spanish succession occur? Give result . 156, 139
Why did Spain declare war against Napoleon in 1808? What
country aided Spain in this war, and with what result? 166
When was Portugal released from Napoleon's power? When did
it become a constitutional monarchy? A republic? 143
Upon the abdication of what ruler did Spain become a repubUc?
How soon was the monarchy restored? 156
State the cause of the Spanish-American war. What possessions
did Spain lose as a result of this war? 156, 139
Who were Cervantes, Gid, Cortez, Velasquez, Magellan? 417-496
FRANCE
By what name was France known to the Romans? What
Roman ruler first conquered France? . . ., 110, 63
Give the origin of the name France. When are the Franks
first mentioned in history? 815, 65
How early was Paris known to the Romans? When and under
whom did the Franks take Paris? 555, 66
Under what power was Gaul when the western empire fell?. . .66, 110
Who was the founder of the French monarchy? 67, 421, 110
To what dynasty did Clovis I belong? How long did the Mero-
vingians rule France? 110, 147
What was the SaUc law? 153-154, 67
Who was Charles Martel? What decisive battle in the world's
history did he win? 419, 22
Name the founder of the Carlovingian dynasty 147, 476
During whose rule did France reach its greatest power? 110, 418
Between what years was Charlemagne king of France? 147
Who was the founder of the new western empire? In what year?
Over what countries did he rule? 69, 418
Explain the song of Roland and its connection with French
history 382, 378
Trace the divisions of the empire among the descendants of
Charlemagne 69
How and when did Normandy get its name? Who were the
Northmen? 136, 832
Name the first king of the house of Capet. Over what Euro-
pean countries has the house of Capet ruled? 148, 415
54
At what time was the French language first written?- 72, 293
What were the crusades? Name three French rulers who led
the crusades 38, 75, 77
When was the university of Paris founded? What colleges
existed in Paris prior to that time? 76, 111
Which king first levied a tax to maintain a standing army? Ill
By virtue of what law did Philippe of Valois become king? Ill
Between whom and when did the hundred years' war occur?
Name king of France at the beginning and at the close. . . . 138, 148
What country was victorious in each of the following battles:
Cr6cy, Poitiers, Agincourt? 527, 78, 111
What part did Joan of Arc play in bringing the hundred years'
war to a close? What title is appUed to her? 399, 111, 81
What was the Bastille? 518
Who were the troubadours? Name the first troubadour of note. . 385, 74
Sketch the conditions which brought about the renaissance 294
Who were the Huguenots? Under what French king did their
persecution begin? 118, 111
Describe the massacre of St. Bartholomew. Who instigated
it? 118, 153, 111, 417
Who was the first king of the house of Bourbon? 148, 111
By what edict were the rights of the Huguenots estabhshed?
What war did this close? 118, 42, 164, 138
When did Cardinal Richeheu administer the government? Ill, 480
Give an account of the reign of Lom's XIV. What cardinal
was his prime minister? 459, 464
From what is the name Fronde derived? When did the wars
of the Fronde occur? 113
By whom was the edict of Nantes revoked? .' 42, 85
How did the American war for independence influence the
people of France during the latter part of the 18th century?. Ill
State the conditions which led to the French revolution begun
in the reign of Louis XVI. How long did it last? 459, 139
Sketch briefly the life of Marie Antoinette 398
What class of people composed the tiers etat? What other classes
controlled most of the wealth of France? 162
What is meant by the states general? 842
When did the national assembly begin? By what other name was
it known? What did it do? 21
What was the national guard? When organized? Give facts
about its first commander 113, 87, 455
What action was taken by the legislative assembly? 21
When did the "convention'' meet? What did it proclaim? 21
55
Who were the' Girondists? When did most of them perish?. .115-116
Who were the Jacobins? What poUtical power did they exert? . 123-124
What organization was responsible for the reign of terror? When '
did it begin? 124, 113
Give facts from the life of Danton, Marat, Robespierre, Char-
lotte Corday, Madame Roland 422-482
Mention the principal events of the French revolution 112-113
What was the French directory? Of how many members was
it composed? 41
Who became commander of the French army in 1795? 87
When was the directory overthrown? By whom? What official
position did he take? How long did the consulate last? .112, 469, 148
What is the legion of honor? Who instituted it? 366, 793
When was Napoleon I proclaimed emperor of France? How long
did he reign? Explain the cause of his downfall. . . .89, 148, 470
After the abdication of Napoleon, to what island was he exiled?
How long did he remain there in exile? 469-470, 813
Sketch briefly the life of Napoleon 1 469-470
Upon the restoration of the Bourbon line who became king?. 148, 112
What was the hundred days' war? What battle ended it? 470, 112
Describe the battle of Waterloo. Name the leaders. Give
the result. Why is this battle of particular importance? . 179, 22
To what island was Napoleon I banished after his defeat at
Waterloo? When did he die? 112
For what purpose was the holy alliance formed? What coun-
tries entered into it? 89, 117-118, 164
Namp the leading battles and chief leaders of the Napoleonic
wars. What position did France hold at their close? 139
How was the reign of Charles X affected by the revolution of
1830? 112, 148
When did the second republic begin? Who was its president?
Under what title did he become emperor? 148, 112, 470
In what war was the battle' of Sedan fought? What emperor
was captured? Give facts about the battle 139, 112
Give the chief facts in the history of Alsace-Lorraine 11
What change of government followed the defeat and the capture
' of Napoleon III? 148
What were the Tuileries? 165
In what wars did Bazaine and MacMahon distinguish them-
selves? Which commanded at Sedan? Which at Metz? . 404, 460
Mention five kings of France who were deposed 41
When did the final disposition of the Dreyfus case occur? 112
For how many years has France been a repubUc? 148
56
To whom was the Nobel prize for chemistry awarded in 1911? , . 97
Connect each of the following with some important period in
French history: Cond6, Grouchy, Turenne 421-495
For what is each of the foUowing celebrated: Bonheur? Dor6?
Eiffel? Rodin? 409-481
Who is the present president of France? 605
GERMANY
What is the meaning of the name Germany? 816
Who were the Teutones? What region is supposed to have
been their original settlement? 160
When did the Teutones invade Gaul? Compare with the date
of the first great migration of the German nations 160, 62
By whom were the Germans defeated in 55 B. C? 63
Where did the Frisians live? When and by whom were they
subjected to Roman rule? 113
Name two German cities which grew out of the fixed camps of
the Roman legions 64
Give the year in which Germanicus subdued Germany 64
In what manner did Varus govern lower Germany? Who was
emperor of Rome at that time? 64, 146
When was a Roman bridge built across the Danube? Under
what Roman emperor? 65, 146
Mention a wall built in Germany by the Roman emperor Hadrian. 65
Where did the Goths originally dwell? Name the two divisions
into which they separated in the 3rd century. Where did
each division settle? 116
What people established a confederacy in Germany at the middle
of the 3rd century? 65
From what people did Hungary take its name? What was its
ancient name? : . 821, 65
When did the Huns invade Hungary? Wheie did they come
from? Why are the Germans called Huns? 821, 119, 65
When did Teutonic tribes first overrun Alsace-Lorraine? 11
Where did the Lombards five? In what century did they leave
their original location? How far south did they migrate?. 127
In what parts of Germany did France claim supremacy? Where
did the Franks set up their kingdom? 66, 113
Who are the Czechs? When did they settle in Bohemia? .... 528
When did Charlemagne become king of Germany, Italy, and
France? What was the character of his reign? 69, 418, 113
What king is regarded a^ the founder of the German empire?
How was he related to Charlemagne? 149, 69
57
When did the Carlovingian dynasty end? At this period what
nations were in Germany? By whom was their king
crowned? 149, 113-114
Mention some conquests made during the reigns of Henry the
Fowler and Otho the Great 149, 114, 473
During the 10th century what was the attitude of the Hun-
garians towards other nations?' Who subdued them?
When did Hungary become subject to Germany? 118, 114
Give the main facts of the disagreement between Henry IV of
Germany and Pope Gregory VII 75, 445, 440, 522
When did the Hohenstauffen dynasty begin? 149
Under whose reign did the wars of the Guelphs and the Ghibel-
hnes begin? At what time? Explain their strife. . . . 114, 149, 115
When was the Hanseatic league formed? Explain why the
Hanse towns formed a league 77, 117
By what emperor was the house of Habsburg founded? What
historic feud did he terminate? 114, 149, 483
What invention was made by Gutenberg? Where? When?. . .441, 80
Of what country is it said that its history is the history of the
house of Habsburg? 22
In what century and under what Austrian ruler was Hungary
united to Austria? 22, 118
When did the reformation begin? In whose reign? 80, 150, 464
Give a brief sketch of the life of Martin Luther 460
What was the attitude of Charles V towards the reformation?
State the importance of the period in which he reigned. . . 418
When was the, diet of Worms held? What was it? What plea
did Luther make? 82, 165, 460
Of what did the confession of Augsburg consist? What was its
purpose? Give facts about the compiler 688, 465
Explain the cause of the thirty years' war. Give the dates, the
leading battles, the chief leaders 114, 161, 138
What was the defenestration of Prague? 39, 560
Name the countries involved in the thirty years' war. By what
treaty was it closed? 161-162, 114
Give facts about Tilly. Wallenstein 495, 497
By what country was Maria Theresa supported in her contest
for the throne of Germany? How long did' the war of the
Austrian succession last? 462, 139
When and where was the battle of Liitzen fought? In what
war? What king was killed in this battle? 131, 441
In what condition did the thirty years' war leave Germany?. . . 114
ss
Name the chief contestants in the seven years' war. What
nations were involved? State its effect upon Prussia. . . 154, 61, 139
Give some facts from the life of Frederick the Great of Prussia. . . 434
When did Francis II of Germany take the title of Emperor of
Austria? By whom was he driven out of Germany? .... 88, 22
At what time was Germany under the power of Napoleon? How
was it governed during that period? 114, 150, 37
State the object of the holy alliance. When was it formed?. . . 117-118
How long did the Germanic confederation rule? By what vote
was Austria excluded from the confederation? 150,114
State the cause of the seven weeks' war. Name the principal
battles. How did it result? 114, 139
In what year was Austria finally excluded from Germany?
What is meant by the North German confederation? How
long did it rule Germany? 22, 136, 150
Who became king of Prussia in 1861? Premier in 1862? 92
When was the Franco-Prussian war? Name the leading battles.
The chief leaders. What did Germany gain by this war? . 139, 114
Give the effects of German rule in Alsace-Lorraine 11
Tell some facts about Bismarck, Frederick Charles, von Moltke.
Which commanded the German forces at Gravelotte?
Which received a title in recognition of his services during
the Franco-Prussian war? . 407-467
When was the Germanic empire reconstructed? Who was its
first emperor? How long had he been king of Prussia? . 1 14, 150, 502
In what year did William II become emperor of Germany? What
characteristics make his reign conspicuous? 150, 502. 114
Name the present ruler of Germany 605
AUSTRIA-BUNGAKT
By what battle of the seven weeks' war was Austria perma-
nently separated from Germany? Give date 22, 119
In what respects is the government of Hungary distinct from
_that of Austria? 22, 119
When did Austria pass a universal suffrage law? 94
What territories were acquired by Austria in 1909? 22
When did Francis Joseph become emperor of Austria? When
was he crowned king of Hungary? Outline the principal
events of his reign 434, 119
For what was Metternich distinguished? Kossuth? 466, 454
Who is now ruler of Austria-Hungary? 605
59
DENMAKK
Give the meaning of the name S6andinavia. la early Uterature
what people were called Scandinavians? 840, 286
How early did the Romans know the inhabitants of Denmark? . . 40
Who was Odin? Name the mythical first ruler of Denmark. . . . 40^ 337
Name two classes into which the early people of Denmark were
divided, and state their occupations 40
Give the date of the first recorded invasion of Britain by the
Danes, or Northmen 69, 136
Who was the first authentic king of Denmark? What countries
did he unite? In what country did his descendants reign?.40, 71
What are the Eddas? When were they composed? What is
meant by the sagas? 286, 354, 379
When did Canute reign in England? When did his dynasty in
Denmark end? 415, 150, 40
State the extent of the Danish kingdom in the 12th and 13th
centuries 40
Mention a queen who* ruled Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. By
■ what act were these countries united? 40, 462, 164
When was the union of Calmar dissolved? 83
How long did the Oldenburg line rule Denmark? 40
Who was the ablest Danish ruler? When did he reign? 40, 83
At what time was serfdom prevalent in Denmark? What king
was active in abolishing serfdom? 40
What effect have the Schleswig-Holstein troubles produced? 40
Who is the present king of Denmark? 605
When, to what country, and for what sum did Denmark sell the
Virgin islands? 41, 577, 621
SWEDEN AND NOEWAT
Divide the early inhabitants of Sweden into two groups. State
their origin. How did an attempt to unite them result? 158
From what deity did the Ynglingar dynasty claim descent? . . 158, 337
Who were Odin, Frigga, Thor? 330-342
Give the origin of Friday, Thursday,, Wednesday 816-846
Name a king who ruled the whole of Sweden. When? 158
When and by whom was Stockholm founded? What does its
name mean? 571^ 842
Who was the first Christian king of Sweden? 73
Who became king of Sweden in 1150? Why did his death cause
trouble with Denmark? 75, igg
When was the throne of Sweden offered to the ruler of another
country? 159, 462
60
What countries were united by the union of Calmar? Give
date 159, 164, 462
When were the Danes driven from Sweden? Who then became
king of Sweden? 159, 83, 441
In what condition did Gustaf Vaaa leave Sweden at his death? . . 159
How did Sweden become involved| in the thirty years' war?
Who was king of Sweden? Where was he killed? 161-162, 131
How does Gustavus Adolphus rank with other riders of his time?
When did he reign? 159, 441
When was Sweden declared an absolute monarchy? 85
Characterize the reign of Charles XII of Sweden 418, 85, 87
Who was Bernadotte? How did he become king of Sweden?
' Characterize his reign and the Bernadotte dynasty 406, 159
In what year were Norway and Sweden united as two kingdoms
under one monarch? How long did this union continue? 89, 95, 159
For what is each of the following noted: Alstroemer? Ericsson?
Linnaeus? Oxenstierna? Swedenborg? 396-492
Name the present king of Sweden 605
With the history of what countries is that of Norway interwoven?. . 137
Who was the first king oJf Norway? 71
In vhat century does the authentic history of Norway begin? .... 137
What expeditions led to the introduction of Christianity? 137
When did Olaf II rule Norway? Name a king with whom Olaf
was at war. To what country did Norway pass as a result
of that war? 137, 472
In what year was Bergen built? 75
Explain the conditions that brought Norway under the rule of
Queen Margaret. What other countries did she rule? . . 137, 462
When was Norway first united to Denmark? During what critical
period in European history was this union severed? 137
Why was Denmark compelled to give up Norway? With what
country did the treaty of Kiel unite Norway? 137, 164
How did the Norwegians receive the treaty of Kiel? Why did
Bernadotte invade their country? 137
On what conditions did Norway consent to Swedish government?
Who was the first joint king of Sweden and Norway? 137
What caused the final separation of Norway from Sweden?
When did it occur? Who became king of Norway?. . . 137, 95, 159
When was the first book printed in Norway? What was it? ... . 289
What great discovery was made by Roald Amundsen in 1911?
Sketch his career 94, 397
V^Tio were Bjomson, Ole Bornemann Bull, Ibsen, Nansen? 407-469
Give the name of the present Idng of Norway 605
61
RUSSIA
Who is regarded as the founder of Russia? State his nationality,
the territory controlled by him, and the date of the found-
ing of the empire 152
What Russiaii ruler invaded Constantinople in the 10th century?
Name an invasion made by him in 907 70-71
Who became ruler of Russia in 945? 71
What ruler is called the Charlemagne of Russia? When did he
reign? Mention some of his deeds 152, 73
Describe conditions in Russia during the 11th and 12th cen-
turies 152, 73
Name two Russian cities founded in the 12th century 75
Give the approximate date of the Mongol invasion of Russia.
By what name were the invaders known? Until what date
was Russia under Tartar rule? 77, 79
Give the year in which Ivan the Great became ruler of Russia.
What title did he assume? 81, 149
What was the character of the rule of Ivan the Terrible? When
did he reign? 315, 83, 149
By whom was the house of Romanoff founded? 83, 149
State facta about the reign of Alexis.- 149, 395
Give an account of the reign of Peter the Great. Why is it said
that Russia's greatness dates from his accession? 149, 152, 476
Who founded St. Petersburg? Give details 834, 85, 572
When and under what niler did the three partitions of Poland take
place? What portion of Poland did Russia receive?. .164, 152, 142
Describe the reign of Catherine II 149, 417
In what battles was Russia engaged during the reign of Alexander
I? What wars were then taking place throughout Europe? 395, 139
When was Poland united to Russia? When did it become a
part of the Russian empire? 89, 152, 142
Name a war which was terminated by Alexander II. By means
of what treaty? What death did Alexander II meet? . 395, 164, 152
Give a brief account of the Crimean war and its consequences.
Name some of the battles 38, 152, 139
To whom and when was Russian America sold? 93
With what country was Russia at war in 1877? 139, 152
What territory was acquired by Russia from 1858 to 1909? 152
In what year did Nicholas II come to the throne? State some
of his personal characteristics. Mention important events
during his reign 149, 471
What privileges were given by China to Russia in 1900? How
did this lead to the Russo-Japanese war? 152-153
62
Name the leading battles and the chief leaders of the Russo-
Japanese war. Give its result 139, 153
Give the origin of these names: Moscow, Russia, Warsaw 830-846
At about what time did the spread of nihilism begin? Who is
Prince Kropotkin? 95, 152, 454
Give facts about Gorky, Kosciusko, Stolypin, Tolstoi, Witte. . . 439-503
Give the chief facts concerning Russia's part in the world war. . . 97, 153
BELGIUM AND HOLLAND
In the time of Caesar what name was given to the territory now
known as Belgium? What was its extent? How long did
it continue under Roman rule? 22
How early is Antwerp mentioned in history? 510
Trace the history of Belgium from the fall of Rome to 953. Into
what parts was Belgium divided in 953? 22-23
What royal house acquired the whole of the Netherlands ia the
15th century? For how many years had Holland been an
independent country? 23, 117
When and why did Belgium and Holland become Austrian posses-
sions? Why did they later pass under Spanish rule? 23, 117
When and under whom did the seven northern states estabhsh
their independence? What country retained Belgium? 23, 117
Outline the changes made in the territory and government of
Belgium from 1598 to 1714. What disposal was made of Bel-
gium by the treaty of Utrecht? What name was given
to Belgium by that treaty? 23
By whom was Belgium conquered during the Austrian war of
succession? What restoration was made in 1748? By
what treaty? 23
At what time did the Belgians attempt to set up an independent
government as United Belgium? Trace the happenings of
the next ten years 23
When w&s the kingdom of the Netherlands formed? Of what
countries was it composed? Who became king? 23, 89, 117
How long did the kingdom of the Netherlands exist? Why
was it dissolved? Who was made king of Belgium? 23, 89
What was the character of the reign of Leopold I of Belgium? . 456, 23 ■
How long did Leopold II rule Belgium? 456, 23
By what treaty was the Congo Free State constituted? Who
became its sovereign? To what country was the Congo
State annexed in 1908? 23
For what are Rubens and Van Dyck celebrated? 483, 496
63
Who is now king of Belgium? 605
Give the chief facts concerning the German invasion of Belgium
in 1914 23
How many provinces united to form the Union of* Utrecht?
By what collective name were these provinces known? 117
Give an accovmt of the life of Hugo Grotius 440
Who was John de Witt? What positions did he hold? So, 427
When were Holland and Belgium united? Give the name of
the kingdom thus formed. Name the ruler 117
In what year did Holland become a separate kingdom? How long
did WiUiam I continue to rule Holland? 117, 91
How many years did William III reign in Holland? 117
Give a brief sketch of the life of WUhehnina of Holland 501
What international court of arbitration meets at the Hague?
When was it established? 603
To what country is the name Netherlands now restricted? 648
Name the present ruler of the Netherlands 605
MODESN GEEECE
When was Greece taken from the eastern empire by the Latins? . . 116
By whom and when was Greece added to the Turkish empire?
How long did Greece remain a Turkish province? 166, 116
Give date and result of the war of Greek independence. ... 116, 89, 139
When was the kingdom of Greece founded? Give nationahty
of the first king 89, 116
In what year did the people demand a constitution? When was
the king forced to abdicate? 91, 117
Give the name and nationality of the second king of Greece 117
When did Greece annex the Ionian isles? 93, 117
What was the result of the war with Turkey in 1896? 117
With whom did Greece engage in war in 1912? What countries
united with Greece? 117, 167
What territory did Greece acquire in the Balkan war? 536, 117
Name the present king of Greece 97, 605
64
HISTORY OF ASIATIC COUNTRIES
THE SARACENS
What Semitic chiefs are supposed to have been the fathers of the,
present inhabitants of Arabia? 19
With what great rehgious character does the history of Arabia
begin? 19
At what time did the Jews migrate into Arabia? What conditions
were favorable to the introduction of Mohammedanism? 19
Sketch the life of Mohammed 467
When was the Koran pubhshed? What does it contain? Explain
the doctrines of Mohammedanism 68, 282, 717
Who] succeeded Mohammed? Give some facts about Abu
Bekr 717, 393
During how many centuries does the dominion of the Arabs form
an important period ia the history of civilization? 19, 467
When did the Saracens take Jerusalem? How long did they hold
it? 68
In what century was the power of the caliphs established in the
east? What authority had the caliphs? What does the
word caliph mean? 68, 34
When was Mohammedanism accepted in Persia? 68
What part of Africa was subdued by the Saracens in 698? In
709? 68
When was the art of paper-making introduced by the Arabs?. . 68
How large a portion of Spain was acquired by the Moors in 711?
How did they govern it? 156
Trace the attacks and conquests made by the Saracens from
673 to 1055 68-73
In what battle were the Saracens defeated by France? Of
what importance waS this battle? 69, 22
When did Bagdad become the capital of the Saracenic empire?
Under whom did it attain its greatest splendor? 69, 34
Who was Haroun al Raschid? What famous romances date
from his tune? 69, 443, 362
Whose reign was called the golden period of learning in Arabia?
In what country did thp Saracens promote agriculture and
horticulture at this time? 282, 69
By whom and when were the figures of arithmetic brought into
Europe? 70
65
When did the decline of the caUphate begin? In what year
was Bagdad overthrown by the Turks? When did the
caliphate of Bagdad come to an end? 70,- 73, 19
State the results of the Saracen conquests from 710 to 1492.
The leading battles. The chief leaders 138
When and by whom was the Alhambra founded? When were
the last of the Moors expelled from Spain? 77, 798, 82
Name three Mohammedan divisions which are now provinces
of Turkey 20
In what countries does Mohammedanism now prevail? ....'.... 717
What older styles of architecture were combined in the Saracenic?
Compare Moorish and Saracenic arches 512
JAPA^
In what century were letters and the writings of Confucius first
known to Japan? From what country were they brought? . . 317
When was Buddhism introduced into Japan? 124
Explain how the noble families of Japan came gradually to rule
the mikados 124
At about what time did Japan adopt the feudal system? What
change of government was made in the 8th century? .... 124, 317
By whom were the Fujiwarra family opposed? Mention two other
families who came into power 124
Give the name of the first shogim 124
Give the meariing of shogun. Compare the powers of the shogun
with the powers of the emperor, in the 12th century 124
What family controlled both the mikadoate and the shogunate
from 1199to 1333? 124
Describe the influence of the Hojo family 124
Whom did the Ashi-Kaga family succeed? What war did they
occasion? 124
State Japan's attitude towards feudalism at the time Europe was
discarding the feudal system 124
Name a shogun who perfected marine architecture. , What name
is given to the period in which he lived? 124
When did Europeans begin to land in Japan? During what
year were all foreigners except Dutch and Chinese banished
from Japan? 124
Give an account of the rehgious strife in Japan between 1549 and
1615. Describe the effect upon Japan of its first hundred
years of intercourse with Christian nations 124
Give the name of the shogun under whom the Christians were
expelled from Japan 124
66
Upon what island were the Dutch traders confined? 124
To whom was the name Tycoon applied? At what time? 124
In what year did the American fleet under Commodore Perry visit
Japan? 90, 124
When was the Perry treaty with the United States concluded?
Why did the making of this treaty hasten the Japanese
revolution? 124-125
What was the Dai Nihonshi? How did it affect the authority
of the shogim? Trace a connection between this work and
the revolution of the 19th century 317
What changes in government followed the revolution of 1868? 125
By what country was Japan opened to the world after several
European countries had failed in a similar attempt? 125
Give the date of the telegraph connection between Japan and
Russia. When did Japan accept the European calendar? . 95, 94
Why was Korea called the hermit nation? At what time did
Korea make treaties with other nations? 37-38
In what year did Japan adopt a constitution? Give the date
of the first Japanese parliament 607, 95
Explain the cause of the war between China and Japan in 1894.
Give the date and the terms of the treaty by which the war
was ended 125, 164
In what year did the Russo-Japanese war begin? When did
it end? 139
What was the chief cause of the Russo-Japanese war and what
were some of the principal battles? In what place in the
United States was the treaty closing this war signed? Mention
the name of a noted American who did much to bring about
this treaty 139, 153
Where is Port Arthur? Sketch briefly its history. Why was
Port Arthur so important a point in the Russo-Japanese
war? 559
In what year did Korea pass under a Japanese protectorate?
When did Japan annex Korea? 38, 95, 125
Sketch briefly the lives of Togo, Oyama, and Oku. Which of
these was called the Nelson of Japan? 472-495
Give facts about Ito, Saionji, Takahira 449-492
State facts about the educational system of Tokyo. What does
the name Tokyo mean? 575, 844
How long did Emperor Mutsuhito rule? What progress did Japan
make during his reign? Give date of his death 125
Name the present ruler of Japan. What is his official title? . . . . , 605
What part did Japan take in the war of the nations? 125
67
CHINA
How long a period of time has elapsed since wheat, rice, tea,
millet, the soy bean, and sorghum are known to have been
in cultivation in China? 55
When was silk culture begun in China? 5a
From what country and at what time was the manufacture
of silk introduced into Europe? 67
Who was Genghis Khan? What conquests did he make in the
13th centuiy? 35-36, 77, 436
By what ruler was the Mongol dynasty founded? In what
year? What city did he build? 36, 77
When was the Mongol dynasty expelled from China? By what
dynasty were the Mongols succeeded? 556, 36
When and by whom were the first authentic accounts of China
written? 36
Who were the Manchus? What dynasty did they estabKsh?
Give date 827, 36
Give the meaning of Peking. Of Nanking 834
When was the first British intercourse with China attempted?
How did China treat the British merchants? 36
In what year did Great Britain make war upon China? 36
Name five ports of China opened to British commerce in 1842.
What other concessions were made to the British at that
time? . , • 36
Explain why the Tai-ping rebellion was so called. How did it
result? 36
During what years was China at war with Japan? State the
results of the war 36, 139
Give some facts about the progress of China in commerce and
science in the 19th century 36
What was the Boxer rebelhon? 30, 95, 36
When did China become a repubUc? Who became its president? 36
For how many years did the Manchus rule China? How long
was China an empire? 592, 36
State some facts in the life of Wu Ting-Fang 504
In what year did China declare war on Germany? 97
Who is president of China? ' 605
68
LANGUAGE
Where does the Hamitic race belong, historically? What
country was the center of the Hamitic civiUzation? 183
In what region do the Semitic races first appear? 183
From what two som'ces has our knowledge of the Semitic language
been chiefly drawn? By what means has our study of this
subject been greatly aided? 183
What later civihzation obscured that of the Hamitic race? Into
what two classes are the Aryan tongues divided? 183, 184
What name is given to the Aryan group that traveled farthest
west? To which Aryan group does the Sanskrit language
belong? 184
Name the three great classes in which all languages originating
on the eastern continents may be included 183-184
To which of the three great divisions does the language of ancient
Egypt belong? From which were the Hebrew and the
Arabic developed? Which gave rise to the languages of
modem Europe? 183-184
Into how many groups may the primitive languages of the Ameri-
can continent be divided? 183
To whom was the British language indebted for its earhest words?
Give some examples 185
By what people were the Celts succeeded in Britain? What
changes did the Anglo-Saxons make in the language? . . . 185
If the English language were divided into a hundred parts, how
many parts would be of Anglo-Saxon origin? How many
of Latin origin? How many of Greek origin? 185
Which early tongue is called the basis of the EngUsh language?. 185
From what source does the English derive most of its mono-
syllables? Verbs of action? Prepositions and numerals?. 185
Explain why the EngUsh language is continually acquiring
new words 185
Name some words brought into Britain by the Romans. What
sort of words did the introduction of Christianity bring
into EngUsh? 185
What did the Norman conquest do for thft EngUsh language? . 185-186
After the Norman conquest which classes retained the Saxon
language? Which spoke French? 185
Contrast the names of ox, sheep, calf, deer when aUve and when
served as food. Account for the difference 186
69
What sorts of words came to us from the Dutch? From which
people did we get the language of chivalry, of law and govern-
ment? 185-186
Name five words in our language of Dutch origin. Five of Latin
origin. Five of ItaMan origin. Two of Danish origin . . 185-186
What characteristics are imparted to English by the German
and the iJatin? 186
What language is the principal source of our musical terms? Of
our scientific terms? Of^our dress and cooking terms? Of
our military terms? 186
Mention five words the English acquired from the native Ameri-
cans 186
From what languages do we get the following words: shamrock,
law, wagon, sing, pie, potato, conscience, telephone, piano,
embroider, ask? 185-186
Give the preferred English plural of focus, syllabus. Which
is the better English usage — technic or technique? Grippe
or gripf 186
CAPITALS AND PUNCnJATION
Give five invariable rules for the use of capital letters. Illustrate
each 187-188
When should oh begin with a capital? When the names of the
points of the compass? 187-188
Should the names of the seasons be capitalized? ; . . . . 187
Which words in the titles of books should be capitaUzed? 187
Give the rule for the capitahzation of titles of office or honor.
When should such titles not begin with capitals? Give the
rule for abbreviated titles 187
State the abbreviations for doctor of philosophy, doctor of
laws, his majesty's service, fellow of the royal society,
September. Pimctuate each correctly 202-207
What is the meaning of the wireless signal C. Q. D.? 203
Give the meaning of each of the following abbreviations and
degrees: A. B., C. P. A., F. R. C. S., I. H. S., R. S. V. P.,
Xn., J. U. D 202-208
What rule for capitals is applied when a title is used in place of
a person's name? 187
In what cases should quotations begin with capitals? When
should they not? 187-188
What is the object of punctuation? Explain the difference
between close and loose punctuation 188
70
Show how changing the position of a comma may alter the
meaning of a sentence 188
Give the names of the marks used for punctuation 188
In what two cases are periods always used? 188
State five rules for the use of the comma. Give an example of
each 188-189
Illustrate the difference between a restrictive clause and a descrip-
tive clause. How is the comma used with such clauses? . . 189
When should a subject clause be followed by a comma? 189
Compare the' use of the semicolon with the use of the comma. . 189
When is the semicolon used between clauses joined by ^or, but,
and? When is it used between the parts of a compound
sentence? 189
How do authorities differ in regard to the punctuation of sen-
tences containing as, viz., that is? 190
Give three illustrations of different rules for the use of the colon . 190
When should the interrogation point be used? 190
Explain the position of the interrogation point when used with
quotation marks 190
When are the marks of parentheses used? When are brackets
used? Give illustrations 190
Show the use of the dash as a mark of punctuation by giving
two illustrations 190
State three uses of the hyphen 190
What is the purpose of the double quotation marks? The single
quotation marks? Illustrate each 190-191
What is the present tendency in regard to the use of capitals
and marks of punctuation? 191
CORRECT USE OF WORDS
VVTiat is the correct pronunciation of the following words: address,
adult, aeroplane, apparatus, chiropodist, clematis, chque,
clothes, eczema? 267-270
Pronounce correctly the foUpwing: Anzac, Apache, Calais, Cleo-
patra, Danish, Eiffel, Goethals, Jekyll .267-271
How should the following be pronounced: abdomen, accMmate,
apricot, aunt, bicycle, frontier? 267-271
Give the correct prommciation of boiftjuet, caUiope, clandestine,
column, comparable, ctrrator 268-270
Is your pronunciation of the following words correct: exit,
exquisite, financier, frapp6, genuine, mauve, meringue,
modiste, vagary, vaudeville? 270-274
71
What is the meaning of prima donna? Give the correct pronuncia-
tion 266, 273
Give the correct pronunciation and the meaning of the following:
apropos, chauffeur, coup6, (i6coIlet6, 6Ute, passi, prot6g6,
t§te-a-tSte, tout-ensemble, vis-Sr-vis 263-274
Do we accept or except invitations? Explain' the correct use of
except as compared with besides and unless 191,226,254
Distinguish between being almost killed and being nearly kiUed. . 191
What are the correct uses of the words alone and only? Compare
the meanings of alone, solitary, lonely 191, 223
Give the exact meaning of anticipate. What is the difference
between prevent and anticipate? 192, 250
Correct the error in the following sentence: "I am anxious to
have you live in New York." What different emotions are
expressed by distress and anxiety?. 192, 237
Give sentences in which the following words are correctly used:
ability, capacity, talent \ 221
How does intellect differ from talent? What is the difference
between talent and genius? 246
When a man beats his horse, is the horse abused or misused? . . . 221
Which of the following is correct: "I am going to make a visit," or
"I am going to pay a visit"? 195
Should we say "Come to see me" or "Come and see me"? 191
What rule apphes to the use of the words farther and further? ... 194
Explain and illustrate the meaning of the words emigrant and
immigrant 193
In what kind of sentence should the connectives so and as be
used together? When as and as? .' 192
State the difference between a dictionary, a lexicon, and an
encyclopedia 236
Do we cite authors or do we qu/)te them? Illustrate the distinction. 229
Are aU authors writers? Are all writers authors? Explain. . 255
What is a calamity? A disaster? Was the San Francisco earth-
quake a calamity or a disaster? How do calamity and loss
compare in meaning? 227, 193
Do we differ from or with a person? Are certain things different
to or different from other things? 193
Compare the correct uses of the following words: difference,
variety; difference, distinction; difference, altercation 236
How are the words affect and effect correctly used? 193, 222, 238
Point out the error in this sentence: He had ought to go 194
Explain the distinction between the meanings of the words
character and reputation 229
72
Correct the following sentence: I know a widow woman in
New York 198
What is the difference between proclaiming and publishing?
Use proclaim correctly in a sentence 234
What is wrong in this sentence: The individual left here on
the last train? 194-195
To what do the words fewer and less apply? Illustrate their
correct use 194
Distinguish between crime and vice by using these words in
sentences 233
When do we excuse and when do we pardon? When do we for-
give? 239, 242
Correct the error in the following sentence and give a reason
for your answer: Those kind of apples are good 197
What is the difference between salary and wages? Between allow-
ance and stipend? 223
How does an axiom differ from a proverb? What is an adage?. 225
Correct the following sentences and give a reason for the correction :
Leave me be. Leave me go 195
Show by sentences the correct use of the words lie and lay in
the present tense. In the past tense. Correct the sentence:
He laid upon the bed a long time 195
Contrast the meanings of the words enough and sufficient 239
.Explain the use of learn and teach. Point out the error in this
sentence: I wish you would learn me to write. 195
Do we lend money or do we loan it? • 195
Which has the highest authority, an ambassador, an envoy or a
plenipotentiary? Explain their different functions 223
What is the difference between truth and, veracity? 254
When do we avenge wrong and when do we revenge wrong? .... 192
Is it possible for a person to be civil without being polite? Give
a reason for your answer. What does genteel mean?. . . .229, 242
Does your coat sit well or set well? Does the hen set on eggs
or does she sit on eggs? 196
Explain clearly the use of the words sit and set. Give the origin
of the saying that the sun sets 196
When do we stop at a hotel and when do we stay at a hotel?. . 197
Is there any difference between correction, discipline, and punish-
■ment? Illustrate by using these words correctly in sen-
tences 233
What word should generally be used instead of lady? What
word is usually preferable to gentleman? 195
Distinguish between error and fault 239
73
Which word in the following sentence is superfluous: A number
of people congregated together in the hall? 193
When do we purchase and when do we buy? 196
Correct the error in this sentence: He lives on Jefferson street. 197
Explain the difference between habitation and home. Between
house and residence 243-244
Do we die of, with, or from a certain disease? 193
Distinguish between contagion and infection. Give the correct
use of contagious, epidemical, pestilential 232
When do we cry and when do we weepf 234
Is a large tree high or tallf Is the bird's nest in the top of the
tree high or lofty? Give a sentence in which lofty is correctly
used 244
What is wrong in this sentence: I took the medicine as a
preventative? 196
Give accurately the use of the following words: business, occupa-
tion, employment 227
Distinguish between the meanings of vocation and avocation. . 227
Explain the difference between increase and grow 246
Do we smeU the rose or smell of the rose? 197
Can a person be conspicuous without being prominent? 250
By what rule is the use of can and may governed? Illustrate by
sentences in which can and may are correctly used 228, 195
Find the error in the sentence: She Hves a long ways from the
school 198
Do ingenious and ingenuous mean the same? Give a reason for
your answer 246
Give the difference between the words intend and purpose. Which
is the stronger word, purpose or design? 195, 235
Show how shall and will are correctly used to express the future.
How to express determination 197
Give the exact meaning of the following sentence: We ivill go to
the picnic tomorrow, rain or shine 197
What does the following sentence mean: I will drown and
nobody shall help me? Transpose shall and ivill and explain
the meaning of the altered sentence 197
Find the error in this sentence: The goods arrived aU O. K.. . . 206
Correct the following sentences and give reasons for the cor-
rections: (a) You may have all of it. (b) She had no
money at all. (c) These hats are both just ahke . : 191-192
Do we put potatoes in the basket or into the basket? Is there
any difference between walking into the room and walking
in the room? 194
74
What rule is given for the use of the prepositions in and into?
Which of the two is sometimes an adverb? 194
Explain the difference between audience and spectators. Is it
correct to speak of the audience at a ball game? 192
"I calculate to go away tomorrow." Correct the foregoing sen-
tence, and explain what calculate means 193, 227
Do we write all over the page or over all the page? 191
Can one have a bad temper with a good disposition? Explain
your answer 237
Why should we not say, "I expect you know aU about it"? Give
the sentence correctly. 194
Give the correct use of the words beautiful, handsome, pretty.
Is a handsome face always a pretty one? Would you call a
delicately colored flower handsome? 226
"To the victors belong the spoils of the enemy." Is the fore-
going statement justified by the meaning of the words victor
and conqueror? 232
Make a careful distinction between the meanings of booty, spoil and
•prey. Use these words correctly in sentences 227
Do we make experiments or do we try them? 197
Do we sustain injuries or receive them? 197
Distinguish between cause, reason, motive. Causes produce a
effects. What do reasons and motives produce? 228
Is it permissible to end a sentence with a preposition? 193-194
What is the difference between a person's manners and his morals?
Between his air and his manner? Illustrate the correct
use of these words 248, 223
LETTER WHITING
Name the six parts of a letter 214
What must the heading of a letter contain? Should the heading
be written on one hne "or on two lines? How should it be
punctuated? 214
In dating a business letter what abbreviations are used for
January, February, and other months? Which months
are not abbreviated? 202-207
On which Kne should the address begin? How should it be
written? Should the word street or avenue in the address
begin with a capital? 214
Give three forms of salutation for a formal letter. What is the
most formal salutation? To whom is it addressed? Is a
compUmentary salutation used for the president of the
United States? 214
75
Why ia it proper to write "My dear Mr. Jones" to a stranger?
Which is regarded as the more formal address — "Dear Mr.
Brown" or "My dear Mr. Brown"? 214
What word of the salutation must always be capitalized? State
the difference of opinion in regard to the capitalization of
its other words 214-215
How should the salutation be punctuated? Why should the
dash not be used? 215
On what Une should the body of the letter begin? Where
should a margin be left? How wide should the margin be? . . 215
What is meant by the complimentary .close? Where should
it be written? Give a rule for its capitals and punctuation. 215
Name the forms of complimentary closing used in business
correspondence. What forms should be used when the
writer intends to show respect? 215
Where should the signature be written? If one wishes to sign
"Miss" or "Mrs." to a business letter,v within what marks
should such words be inclosed? 215
What is the address on the envelope called? 215
Of how many Unes does the superscription usually consist? In
what order are they arranged? Where should the first
line be written? 215
How should the superscription be punctuated? Are commas
to be used on the envelope? 215
What title is prefixed to the name of a clergyman? To what
persons is the term "honorable" apphed? How is it abbre-
viated? 215-216
Should a degree, such as LL.D., be written after a man's name,
if Hon. has been used before the name? 216
Correct these errors: Hon. Judge Boyd, Rev. Jones. Is it per-
missible to address a letter to Mrs. Dr. Brown? 216
Give the exact form for the outside and the inside of a letter
addressing the president of the United States. How is
the governor of the state to be addressed? 216
Give general rules for business letters. How long may a business
letter remain unanswered? 216
Distinguish fully between a business letter and a friendly letter.
.' 216-217, 219-220
How may a letter of recommendation be addressed? Write a
.letter of recommendation 217
In what person are formal invitations always written? In what
person should the reply to a formal invitation , be written?
Give an example of a formal invitation 21S-219
76
wnte a letter of application. A note of introduction. An
informal invitation 217-219
For what purposes may a post card be used? Is it permissible
to write a personal message on a post card? 220
HIGHER ENGLISH
. Accoimt for the origin of figurative language. What is a figure
of speech? 208-209
Make three hteral statements. Express the same thoughts in
figurative language 209
Define figure of grammar. Figure of rhetoric. When we speak
of figurative language do we usually mean figures of gram-
mar or figures of rhetoric? 209-210
Name the classes into which figures of grammar are divided. How"
many figures of orthography are mentioned? How many
of etymology? How many of syntax? 209-210
Give an illustration of each of the figures of orthography 209
What are figures of etjrmology? What sorts of changes are
made in words by these figures? 209-210
What is a figure of syntax? Name two principal figures of syntax
and give an illustration of each 210
Into how many classes are figures of rhetoric divided? On what is
each of the first four baaed? 210
Name" the figures based on resemblance. Give two examples of
simUe. Of metaphor 210-211
By what words is the comparison in simile usually introduced?-
Which are the best similes? 210
How does a metaphor differ from a simile? Give sentences to show
the difference. Illustrate two grades of metaphors 210-211
Which figure of speech is more commonly used than any other?. 211
Compare personification with metaphor. Define personifica-
tion. Give an example ^ 211
What is allegory? -Discuss the resemblance between allegory,
metaphor, and simile. State two marked differences between
the metaphor and the allegory 211
Mention two well-known allegories. Name their authors. Out-
Une the story of each 211, 374, 376
Point out and name the figures based on resemblance which are
found in the following sentences: "Experience keeps a
dear school, but fools will learn in no other." "Falsehood
is cowardice — truth is courage.'' "He had a face like a
benediction." 210-211
77
Give the names of the figures based on contiguity. Define
each 211
Name six varieties of metonymy. Give an example of each
variety 211
State what kind of metonymy is used in each of the following
sentences: (a) Do you enjoy Dickens? (b) Our flag
must be respected, (c) The battleships opened fire at Vera
Cruz, (d) The fisherman's net was drying in the sun 211
How does synecdoche differ from metonymy? Give an illus-
tration 211
State whether synecdoche or metonymy is employed in the follow-
ing sentence: "Shoot, if you must, this old gray head.".. 211
How many figures are baaed on contrast or surprise? Name
and define three of them 211-212
Give three examples of antithesis. Of epigram. To which
class does the pun belong? 212
What is. irony? Quote a famous passage illustrating this figiue
of speech ^212
To what class of figures does hyperbole belong? Name three
other figures belonging to the same class 212-213
Give an example of hyperbole. What is the effect of the fre-
quent use of this figure? 212
Explain the following figures and give an example of each: excla-
mation, apostrophe, vision 212-213
Tell what figure of speech is used in each of the following sen-
tences: "Give us this day our daily bread." "How dear
to my heart are the scenes of my childhood!" "Fools rush
in where angels fear to tread." "RoU on, thou deep and
I dark blue ocean — ^roll!" "Waves moimtain high washed
the boat ashore." "The more haste, the lens speed."
"Thrilling tales told to tiny tots." 211-213
Distinguish clearly between cUmax and anticlimax. In what claBS
of writing is anticUmax often used? 213
Define euphemism, onomatopceia, alliteration. Give illustra-
tions of each 213
Name two tj^jes of composition. Compare the language of
prose with the language of poetry 198
What are the chief varieties of prose composition? What does
each accomplish? 198
State the aim of narration. Mention nine forms of writing
that may be classed under narration 198
What is a plot? How do letters, memoirs, and biographies differ
from stories, novels, and dramas? 198
T8
Name some books of travel and their authors. What books of
travel have been written by Frank G. Carpenter? John
Muir? Theodore Roosevelt? 198, 416-482
What is the difference between biography and autobiography?
■ How do memoirs differ from biography? Mention a well-
known autobiography. What biographies did Washington
Irving write? 198, 448
How does history differ from memoirs? From biography?
Name some well-written histories 198-199
What ia the aim of fiction? Name at least six forms of fiction.
What educational value have the best novels? 199
Explain the difference between a myth and a fable. Between
a parable and an allegory 199
What are folk-tales and legends? To what form of composition
do they belong? Name some well-known writers of short,
stories, and mention some of their best-known works 199
Of what may description treat? Which is easier — to describe
external objects or to delineate character? Mention three
celebrated writers who have excelled in description of
character 198, 199-200
How is description related to narration? In what respect does
exposition differ from both description and narration?
Name five forms of exposition 199, 200, 198
Distinguish between an editorial and an essay. Between a review
and a criticism. Name three writers of notable essays. .. 200
What is the purpose of argumentative discourse? Of what
steps does such a discourse consist? How does it differ
from a debate? 200
Into what classes of composition is persuasion divided? State
the aim of persuasion. How does the appeal made by
persuasion differ from the appeal made by argvunentation and
exposition? 200
How does a lecture differ from a sermon? From an oration?
From an address? 200
Mention two celebrated orations. What rank does the oration
occupy in prose composition? 200
Name the three parts into which orations, addresses, and speeches
are divided 200
What are the three kinds of argimients used in a sermon? Of
how many parts does a sermon consist? 200-201
Into how many groups is poetry divided? Name them 198
Explain how poetry differs from prose, mentioning form, language,
and aim 201
79
What is the character of epic poetry? Name some of the great
epic8 and their authors 201
To what class of poetry do "Evangeline" and the "Lay of the
Last Minstrel" belong? Name others of the same class. . . 201
Give an outline of the "Faerie Queene". Of "The Lay of the
Last Minstrel" 357, 366
How do the ballad and the tale differ from the epic and metrical
romances? 201
To what class of poetry do "Robin Hood" and "Chevy Chase"
belong? Tell something about these poems 201, 378, 350
What are the characteristics of dramatic poetry? Before the
age of Shakespere, what was the highest form of dramatic
art? Who were the dramatists of Pericles' time? .... 198, 201
What are the chief divisions of the drama? Distinguish between
tragedy and comedy 201
Outline the plot of "Hamlet". Of "Macbeth". By whom were
these written? To what class of dramatic poetry do they
belong? 361, 369, 201
Mention five well-known comedies. ' Give the names of the authors. . 201
Give a brief sketch of "Pippa Passes." Of "Merchant of
Venice." Of "Midsummer Night's Dream." Which of
Shakespere's plays are called his fairy plays? 201,376,371
What is the story of "The Tempest"? Of "She Stoops to
Conquer"? Name the author of each 383, 382
How does opera differ from drama? What is melodrama? Name
the author and composer of the world's greatest operas. . . 201
What classes of poems belong to the lyric group? Mention a
lyric poem by Ben Jonson. By Tennyson. By Burns.
201, 390, 202
Distinguish the ode from other poetic forms. Mention some
English odes. Give the first line of Milton's "Hymn on the
Nativity." Wordsworth's "Ode on Immortality." . . .201-202, 389
What is the nature of an elegy? Mention three elegies. Give
their first lines 202, 387-389
Of how many lines does a sonnet consist? What are its themes?
Name three English poetS who have written sonnets 202
Mention a sonnet by Richard Watson Gilder. Quote its first
line 202, 214
Compare didactic poetry with other poetic forms. Give the title
of one didactic poem 202
Account for the popularity of IstIc poems 202
What form of poetry is "Essay on Man"? "In Memoriam"?
"Lead, Kindly Light"? 202
80
LITEEATURE
What is literature, and what is its kindred science? 277
Compare literature and history. Show how the two are closely
affiliated 277
By what maimer of study can any single literature be best under-
stood? 277
Name seven ancient oriental literatures 277
Into what three periods may the development of early hteratures
be divided? 277
Between 2000 B. C. and 1500 B. C. what was the character of
inscriptions made in Babylonia and Assyria? In Egypt?. 277
Compare the golden age of Babylonian Hterature with the literary
conditions of China and Arabia during the same period.. 277
When and by whom were letters first used in Egypt? WTio in-
vented the Egyptian alphabet? 55
Give items showing the degree of civiUzation of Egypt in the
20th and I9th centuries B. C 55
Sketch the progress of Hterature during the period from 1500
B. C. to 1000 B. C. Compare the hterature of Egypt with
that of Babylon and the Hebrews 277
After the year 1000 B. C. what Hteratures began to decline?
Compare the Hterary activity of China during the 500 years
foUowing 1000 B. C. with that of India, Arabia, and Persia. . 277
In what year did Cyrus the Persian conquer Babylonia? Compare
this conquest with the period of decHne of Babylonian
Hterature 58, 277
In aU Hteratures which appeared earlier — prose or verse? 294
To the Hterature of what country does the oldest temperance
ode in the world belong? 278
ANCIENT ORIENTAL LITEEATUEES
Give a brief description of the extent of the Hterature of India. 277
Name five languages included in the Indo-Em-opean group. How
is the Sanskrit related to this group? • 277
Which is the most ancient of the Hindu Hteratures? 277
Which of the oriental Hteratures is supposed to bear the closest
resemblance to the primitive language? 277
Give an account of the Sanskrit, stating to whom it is a sacred
la.nguage, by whom it is now written and spoken, and
naming the earHest form in which Sanskrit appears .. 277, 380
81
What does Veda mean? Divide the Vedas into four classes.
Of what does each class consist? State the two parts of each
Veda 277
Explain the meaning of Vedanga. What does Vedanga include?.277-278
What is the code of Manu? The Mahabharata? The Ramayana?
To what times do these writings belong? 278, 277
When and by whord was Buddhism founded? What are the
sacred books of Buddha called? In what language are they
written? 278, 689
In what country did many of the fairy tales told in English-
speaking homes originate? 278
In the Hindu mythology who were Vishnu, Brahma, Siva? What
does the word avatar mean? 342, 326
Give the legend of Rahu. Who were the Rakshasas?. . . ' ; 340
By what name is the earhest language of Persia known? To
what other language is it allied? What are the evidences
that the people of India and those of Persia were originally
one community? 278
Name some countries in which cuneiform letters were employed.
What are cuneiform letters? 278, 277, 351
What is the nature of the Zend-Avesta? When was it compiled?
State the position it occupies among Indo-European htera-
tures 278, 277
Whom do the Persians regard as the author of the Zend-Avesta?
Of what does the Avesta consist, and in what manner was
it brought together? What is known of the life of Zoroaster?
278,504
When did Alexander the Great conquer Persia? What effect
had his conquest upon the language and the literature of
the Persians? 60, 278
Duiing what period did modem Persian hterature flourish? How
does it compare with the literature of ancient Persia? . . . 278
Mention three later Persian writers — a great moral teacher, a
court historian, and a writer of lyric poems 278
What position did Firdausi occupy? For what is Omar Khayyam
celebrated? TeU some facts about each 278, 433, 472
Mention the chief hero of the Persian romances. Sketch the
story of his hfe 379
Give the Persian myths of Ormuzd, Ahriman, Mithras, 'the
ferohers 324-337
How complete is the hterature of ancient China? What writings
were preserved in the sacred books? 278
82
«ame tne Srst book published in China. What is known of this
book and of its original date? 279
At how early a date was a dictionary of Chinese compiled? .... 56
What is the "Book of History"? The "Book of Rites"? By
whom were they compiled? 279
What are the "Four Books"? By whom were they written?
What was the influence of the "Five Classics" and the "Four
Books" upon Chinese thought and hfe? 279
During what century did Confucius Uve? Mention three impor-
tant facts concerning his hfe 422
Who was Laotse? Of whom was he a contemporary? For what
writings is he celebrated? 455
Who has-been called the Plato of China? Of whom was he a
follower? State one of his teachings. What was his method
of discussion? What is the Mengtse? 279, 370
What effect has the educational system of the Chinese produced
upon their students? 279
Give an account of the poetry of China. In what form are official
documents sometimes issued? - 279
What three philosophies are found in China? Mention some other
classes of works predominant in Chinese literature 279
Which Uterature stands first among the literatures of antiquity?. 279
Account for the universal significance of Hebrew Uteratiu-e. Of
what sort of people is it the story? 279
Mention some of the characteristics of Hebrew literature and
Hebrew law 279
In what form has the most important part of Hebrew literature
been preserved? During what period were these books
written? Prior to that time how was knowledge of Hebrew
history preserved? 279-280
What is the prevalent idea of Hebrew literature? Contrast
the Hebrew conception of God with the divinities of other
nations 280
Outline the four periods into which Hebrew literature is divided . 280
Sketch the life of Moses, tracing the progress of the Hebrews
under his guidance 468, 55
Name the books included in the Hebrew pentateuch. To what
writer are they ascribed? Outline the subject matter of
each book 280, 375
What book of the Bible is older than the books of Moses? 277
Give the names of the historic books of the Bible. Of the poetic
books. Of the books of wisdom 280-281
83
Sketch the lives of David and Solomon. To what class of Hebrew
literature do their writings belong? 425, 489, 281
Who are the major Hebrew prophets? How many minor prophets
are there? 281
State facts about Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Daniel 424-450
What was the period of the Babylonian captivity? What name
is given to the Uterature of the Hebrews from the epoch
of the captivity? 57-58, 280
To what writings is the name rabbinical hterature appHed?
What are its characteristics? What is the septuagint?. .280, 381
Divide the books of the new testament into four classes. . . . 281
Name the authors of the four biographical books. Give addi-
tional books of the new testament written by some of these
men. Which wrote the history of the acts of the apostles?
281, 451-463
How does an epistle differ from a letter? To whom were the
Pauline epistles addressed? Outhne the life of St. Paul.
247, 281, 474
What is the apocalypse? Who is said to have written it?. .281, 345
How many books are there in the old testament? How many in
the new testament? 280-281
Briefly describe the Talmud. Mention its two great divisions . 280, 383
Mention three celebrated schools for the study of rabbinical
Uterature 280
Compare the material on which the Persians wrote with that used
by the Babylonians. What sort of inscriptions indicate
a common origin for these two races? 281
What is the oldest known specimen of Chaldean writing? What
is the oldest Chaldean book? 281
What were the famous tile libraries of Babylon? What subjects
did the works in these hbraries cover? 281
What effect did the decline of Babylon have on the Hterature
of Assyria? 281, 277
Describe the Hbrary at Nineveh. When was it destroyed? . . . 281
Under what ruler did Babylon build up a great library? What
became of it? 281, 128
Mention some valuable records recovered from the libraries of
Babylon and Nineveh. In what form are these records?. . 281
Why did the hterature of Arabia develop slowly? Before the
7th century what was the character of Arabian literature?. 281
What poetic contests were held in Arabia in the 4th and 5th
centuries? Mention the chief characteristics of the Arabian
poets 281
84
state tiie influence of Mohammed on the advancement of learn-
ing in Arabia during the 7th and 8th centuries 282
Name a great reUgious work written by Mohammed. What
was its aim? 467, 282
What centimes are included in the golden age of Arabian letters?
Who ruled at that time? 282
Name three of the leading Arabian universities of the 8th century.
Mention some of the studies encouraged by them 282
Who was Avioenna? What did he write? To what study did
Averrhoes devote his life? 402, 401
Why is Arabic studied extensively by modern scholars? 282
Give the meaning of the following according to Arabian mytho-
logy: peri, Eblis, Azrael 326-339
What are meant by Al-sirat, Israfil, sedrat? 324-341
Of what do the remains of early Egyptian literature consist? . . 282
During what centuries were hieroglyphic characters used in
Egypt? What forms of writing succeeded the hieroglyphic?. 282
What discovery about the close of the 18th century simphfied
the study of ancient Egyptian literature? 282, 378
Mention three religious works of the early Egyptians. Name
a moral treatise contemporaneous with the "Book of the
Dead" 282, 277
What was the golden age of Egjrptian literature? 277
Give the title of the oldest fairy story in the world and tell how
long ago it was written 282
GKEEK UTEBATURE
Name three traditional poets of ancient Greece. Sketch some
of the early legends of Greece 283
What were the twelve labors of Hercules? How does Hercules
rank among the Grecian heroes? What was his distinguish-
ing characteristic? 331
Describe the expedition of the argonauts. The ship in which
they sailed 325
Tell something about Jason, Castor and PoUux, Theseus, Colchis,
the golden fleece, Medea 326-342, 325
In what period did Homer Uve? From what war do his two
great poems date? Which poem is called the beginning
of literature? 282-283, 446
State some theories in regard to the authorship of the Homeric
poems. Give the traditions of Homer's life 446-447
What two poems are the foundation of Grecian literature? To
what class of poetry do they belong? 283, 201
85
When was the Iliad written? Of how many books does it con-
sist? What does it commemorate? 363
Give the mythical history of Paris, Helen, Menelaus. Outline
the story of the Iliad 331-338, 363
According to the Ihad what parts did the following play in
the Trojan war — Agamenmon, Hector, Achilles, Priam?
324-340, 363
Tell the story of the Odyssey. By what other name is Ulysses
known? Describe the characters of Ulysses and Penelope.
373, 342, 339
In what ways were Calypso, Circe, Telemachus, Nestor, and
Mentor connected with the wanderings of Ulysses? . 373, 326-341
Why were the cyclic poets so called? When did they flom'ish?
What do their poems recount? 283
State the time at which Hesiod Uved. What are his two repre-
sentative poems? Contrast his works with those of
Homer 282, 283
By what name are poems that aim to teach known? What is
the theme of Hesiod's "Works and Days"? Of his
"Theogony"? '. 202, 283
During what period was the epic the only poetic form used in
Greece? Explain how the republican movement in Greece
led to the development of the elegy and the epigram .... 283
Name the author of some Greek elegies. When did Thales
live and what did he write? 283, 282, 494
During, what centuries did jEsop live? What is the character
of his writings? Tell what is known of his life 283, 394
What is meant by the seven wise men? Who were they?.381, 283, 116
What is the character of the lyric poems of Greece? Mention
three writers of lyrics. Which is the greatest? 283, 282
Give some facts about Anacreon. To what sort of verse is the
term anacreontic appKed? 397, 344
Mention the founders of three schools of Greek philosophy.
What was the teaching of each school? 284
Sketch the hves of Anaxagoras, Anaximahder, and Diogenes.
To what school of philosophy did they belong? Which
opened the first school of philosophy at Athens? 397-427, 284
Mention three noted Greeks who were pupils of Anaxagoras 397
At about what time did Pythagoras hve? Mention three of his
doctrines. When did Zeno Uve? When was the stoic
school of philosophy founded? 284, 479, 504
How did Grecian drama originate? Who is known as the founder
of dramatic art? 284
86
Mention three of the greatest writers of Greek tragedy. What
Greek writer holds the highest place as a writer of comedy?. 284
Give facts about ^schylus, Sophocles, Euripedes and Aristoph-
anes. Under which did Greek drama reach its highest
excellence? 284, 394-489
Who was the first Greek writer of history? Name two other
great Greek historians and compare their styles of writing. 284
Sketch the Uves of Herodotus. Thucydides, and Xenophon.
Which is called the father' of history? What did Thucydides
write? What historic retreat is the subject of Xenophon's
Anabasis? 44!>504, 284
Name five Greek orators. Which established a school of politi-
cal oratory? What two of these were rivals? 284
Give an account of the lives of Demosthenes and .lEschines . 426, 394
At what time was Socrates born? What was his early occu-
pation? To what great work was much of his Ufe devoted?
How did Socrates' philosophy differ from that of his pred-
ecessors? 489, 284
Through the writings of which cf Socrates' pupils are the prin-
ciples of Socrates best expressed? 284
Of whom was Plato a pupil? What are the characteristics of
Plato's writings? Give an account of his Ufe. What is
Plato's "Phaedo"? His "RepubUc"? 477, 284, 375, 377
Who was the teacher of Aristotle? How was he described by
that teacher? TeU something of Aristotle's philosophic
work : 399, 284
Who founded the epicurean school of philosophy? What are
its teachings? Of what school did it become a rival?. .284, 431
In what century did Euclid lay the foundation for modem
geometry? What is known of his life? 284, 431
What did Archimedes write? In what scientific field was he a
brilliant inventor? What do modern engineers owe to
Archimedes? 283, 399, 284
Who conquered Greece in 146 B. C? What effect had this
conquest on the hterature of Greece? 62, 284
Name some of the writers of Greece after the Roman conquest. 284
For what work is Plutarch celebrated? To what school of
philosophy did he belong? 477, 284
In what century did Epictetus teach? What position did he '
occupy during early Ufe? 431, 284
According to Greek mythology who were the Titans, Kronos,
and Cybele? 342, 333, 327
87
How was the government of the world divided among Zeus,
Poseidon, and Hades? What part did each obtain? 342
Where did Zeus live? What was the extent of his power? .... 342
What important position does each of the following gods occupy
in Greek ms^thology: Aphrodite, ApoUo, Ares, Artemis,
Bacchus, Demeter, Hera, Hermes, Hestia, PaUas-Athene?. 325-338
Over what did each of the following gods preside: .^olus,
jEsculapius, Eos, Helios, Iris, Nemesis, Nox, Pan, Plutus,
Themis? 324-341
Where was the palace of Poseidon? Over what did he rule? . . 340
Who was Triton? What were Scylla and Charybdis, the hydra,
naiada, nereids, Oceanus, sirens? 327-342
Who was Hades? What was the ensign of his power? What
blessings did he give? 330-331
Where was the liver Lethe? To what region was the name
Erebus appUed? Who was Cerberus? 334, 329, 327
Describe the rivers Styx, Cocytus, Acheron. Who was Charon?
324, 327, 341
What were the duties of the Eumenides? Fates? Harpies?
Nemesis? 329-336
Name the nine muses and tell over what each one presided.
Where did they live? 336
Give the legend connected with each of the following: Clytie,
Daphne, Echo, Hyacinthus, Iris, Lotis, Narcissus 327-336
How did 'the Greeks immortalize Andromeda, Casseopeia,
Castor and Pollux (Gemini), Orion, Pleiades, Sirius? 325-341
Tell the story of one exploit of Perseus and one of BeUerophon
as found in the following references: Perseus, helmet of
Hades, Medusa, Pegasus, Hippocrene, BeUerophon, Pirene,
the chimsera 326-339
Who was Theseus? Associate the following with one of his
adventures : Minos, Dsedalus, the minotaur, Ariadne. . 342, 325-336
^Miat and where is each of the following: Castaly, Delphi,
Elysium, Helicon, Olympus, Pamassos, PeUon? 326-339
Tell something of Adonis, Antaeus, Arachne, Atlas, Briareus,
Cadmus, Chiron, Hygeia, Orpheus, Phaeton 324-339
LATIN LITEEATUBE
What is the character of the first writings of the Romans?
Compare with the early literature of other nations 285
In what wars was Rome engaged between 264 and 146 B. C?
How did this affect the intellectual condition and t!he Utera-
ture of the Romans? 138, 285
88
Whose name comes first in the literature of Rome? What was
his nationality? 285
What great change in Boman customs was instituted by Livius
Andronicus? In what year? How long were his writings
used as texts in the Roman schools? 285
Name two great comic poets of Rome. Mention one work of
each 285, 284
Who is known as the father of Latin song? When did> he Uve?
What did he write? 285, 284
Against what were the satires of Lucilius directed? Who invented
the word satire? 285
Give an account of Catb as a writer and as a Roman citizen.'
What was the nature of his greatest work? 285
Mentioti five noted Latin authors who, wrote during the 1st
century B. C 284, 285
What influence did Cicero exert on the Latin language? What
was the varied character of his writings? 285, 284
At what age did Cicero begin to speak in public? . What ofiices
did he fiU? What conditions led to his proscription and
death? 419
E^lain the patriotic act which earned for Cicero the title of
father of his country 419
What was thfe object of Catiline's conspiracy? What was the
result of his attempt to execute his plans? 417
Sketch the life of Julius Csesar, showing conquests made by him.
Of what do his commentaries consist? 414, 63, 285
What was the nature of Lucretius' writing? State the cause
of his death 460
Name three works of SaUust. Why are they valuable? What
was Sallust's literary style? 284, 285, 485
For what is the Augustan age of Roman literature distinguished?
Mention four writers of the Augustan age 285
When did Virgil live? How does he rank among the Augustan
poets? Name three of his works and state the character
of each .284, 285, 497
Give an outline of Virgil's .^Eneid. At what point does it take
up the tale related by Homer in the lUad? Who is jEneas?
Anchises? 343, 363, 324, 325
What are the "Georgics" of Virgil? 359
Compare the date of birth of Horace with the birth date of the
Roman emperor Augustus 284, 146
Name three works written by Horace. State why they are
attractive to cultivated minds 285, 447
89
Who was Cornelius Nepos? In what regard is his only extant
work held? 284, 470
By what name did Livy call his history of Rome? Compare
Livy with other historians. Tell something of his life. .458, 285
What did Ovid write? 285
To what school of philosophy did Seneca belong? Name some
of his works. Give three other facts about the life of Seneca . 487, 285
Mention a work written by PHny the Elder. By QuintiUan . . . 285
Outline the principal events in the life of Tacitus. Name his
chief works 492, 285
What conditions gave rise to the satires of Juvenal? Did Juvenal
live before or after the beginning of the Christian era? . . 285, 452
Through the influence of what conditions did Latin literature
come to an end? 285
Mention five of the Latin fathers of the church. What philosophy
did they follow? Give some facts about the Uves and writ-
ings of St. Ambrose, St. Augustine, St. Jerome. .285-286, 396-450
Which of the Latin fathers wrote the "Te Deum Laudamus"?
Which made the Latin translation of the Bible known as
the Vulgate? 396, 450, 386
Arrange in the order in which they Uved: Horace, Virgil, Cicero,
Ovid, Tacitus, Livy 284-285
According to Roman mythology over what did Jupiter, Neptune,
and Pluto preside? Which ■ of these corresponds to the
Greek Zeus? Poseidon? Hades? 330-342
What relation did each of the following bear to Jupiter: Juno,
Minerva, Latona, Apollo, Diana? 325-335
For what quahties were ApoUo and Minerva celebrated? Who
introduced the worship of Diana into Rome? In which
two of these were the sun and the moon deified? .... 325, 335, 328
Over whom did Saturn and Janus rule? What place had each
of the following in the life of the Roman people: Ceres,
Mars, Mercury, Pax, Pluvius, Vesta, Vulcan? 327-342
Relate the mythological tale of Venus, Cupid, and Psyche. 342, 327, 340
What V. was per^nified in each of the following: Aurora, Flora,
Fortuna, Luna, Morpheus, Nox, Somnus? '. 326-341
What were the Parcse? How many were there?. What was their
power over the life of man? 338
SCANDINAVIAN LITEBATUEE
In earliest Uterature to what people is the term Scandinavian
applied? Until about what time was Icelandic the literary
language of aU the Scandinavians? What name do the
earliest authorities give to this language? 286, 288
90
How does the early Scandinavian poetry compare with that of
other Teutonic races? Describe the poetry of the early
Scandinavian literature • 286
Of what fprm of poetry was the saga the outgrowth? To what
century does the saga in its purest form belong? When
was it lost in biography? 286
What does the word Edda mean and to what is it applied? Of
what does the "elder" Edda treat? The "younger" Edda?
By whom and when was each compiled? 286, 379, 354
Who was the greatest Scandinavian writer of the 12th and 13th
centuries? 286
During what century did Swedish literature begin? Name two
of the earliest writings 286, 287
Of what did St. Bridget's revelations consist? When did she live ? 286,287
By whom was the Bible translated into Swedish? 286, 287
In what form does the earliest Swedish poetry appear? When was
the first book printed in Swedish? 286
Mention two brothers who studied under Luther. What did
they write? How was Swedish hterature affected by the
reformation? 286, 287
How did Buraeus arouse interest in Scandinavian language and
mythology? Who ruled Sweden at that time? '. 286
Dming whose reign did the Swedish drama begin? Who is the
greatest Swedish dramatist? 286
Give facts about the life of Messenius. Mention his first comedy
and his first tragedy 286-287
Who was the father of Swedish poetry? Give an account of
his writings, showing their influence on Swedish hteratvire. 287
What is the character of the writings of Gustavus Adolphus?
Who was he? 287, 83
What discoveries made Rudbeck famous? With what uni-
versity was he connected? State the name and the object
of his greatest work. Characterize his writings 287
Who was Emanuel Swedenborg? What is the nature of his
writings? When did he live? 492
In what year was Linnaeus bom? What was the chief interest
of his hf e? Mention one of his works 457
What author shows the English and the French influence upon
18th century Swedish hterature? Name two of his writings.
After what English authors are they modeled? 287
When was Dahn bom? Compare with the dates of birth of
Addison and Pope. Name three other EngUsh contem-
poraries of DaUn .287, 296
91
What writer is known as the Swedish Sappho? 287
Mention three poets bom in 1740, 1772, 1779, respectively.
Which of these is called the Anacreon of Sweden? 287, 405
In what iield are the writings of Berzehus? When did he Uve?
With what university was he connected? 406
TMiat was the nature of the Swedish academy? The object of
the Gothic society? Name two famous writers connected
with the new school of Uterature 287
Under what pseudonym did King Oscar II write? Mention two
of his works 472
Give the names of four Swedish writers of history. Which of
these was the legal historian? 287
Name two Swedish women who wrote poems. One who wrote
novels 287
What was the year of August Strindberg's birth? Of his death?
Name his greatest work 287
Mention two books of travel by Hedin. Sketch the life of the
author 444
Between what centuries were the Danish ballads probably com-
posed? How much later is the language in which they are
preserved? 288
In what period did Dahish Uterature begin? Mention a writer
of that time. What did he write? 288, 373
What did Tycho Brahe write? In what country did he spend
most of his Ufa? 288, 411
Who was the first original dramatist in Denmark? Who is
called the founder of Danish poetry? 288
What did Holberg write? Wessel? Ewald? Oehlenschlager? 288
Name one Danish author who wrote a medical work. One who
wrote on zoology. One on geography 288
Where and when was Hans Christian Andersen born? What
is the nature of his writings? 288-289, 397
Mention a Danish writer of the latter half of the 19th century. . 289
^^^len was the first book printed in Norway? By whom? 289
Who was the earUest original writer in Norway? 289
By whom was "The Dawn of Norway" written? For what
purpose? 289
Name the two compilers of a collection of old Norse folk-tales.
How was their material gathered? 289
In what year was Ibsen bom? What are three of his best-
known dramas? 448, 289
f^ame Bjornson's leading works. What honor was conferred
upon him by Norway? 289, 407
92
In the Norse mythology who was Altadur? Give the legend of
Ginungagap and Midgard 324, 330, 335
Who were the ^sir? What were Asgard, Bif rest, Glasir? . 324, 325-330
What is the connection between Heimdal, Ragnarok, and Lif?
331, 340, 334
Who were the Valkyrs? What was Valhalla? TeU something
about the GjaUar bridge and the GjaHar horn 342, 330
Relate the tradition of Odin 337
Associate each of the following with Odin: Frigga, Thor, Balder,
Bragi, Iduna. Who were Frey, Freya, Frodi, Hymir,
Loki? 326-342
To what som'ce does Grimm attribute the tale of the sleeping
beauty? 382
GERMAN LITEBATUBE
Mention two of the oldest poems in German Uterature. To
what remote times may these poems be traced? Give a brief
outline of "Reynard the Fox" 290, 377
Sketch the progress of learning in Germany during the reign
of Charles the Great and Louis the Pious. By whom was
the writing of that time chiefly done? 290
What is the first novel in modem European Uterature? When and
by whom was it written? 290, 289, 378
In what language were the histories of the 11th century written? 290
Who became the leaders of hterature in Germany about 1200?
In what class of writings did they excel? 291
Name three great poets of the 12th and 13th centuries 291
What name is generally appUed to the NibelungenUed? Into
how many parts is the poem divided? What is its principal
theme? ■ 372, 291
Who were King Nibelung, Siegfried, Kriemhild, dwarf Alberich,
Hagen, Brunhild, Etzel? 348-382
Mention another epic similar to the NibelungenUed 291, 361
Tell the story of Parsifal. Of Lohengrin. Who wrote them? . 374, 367
Outline the legend of Tarmhauser. What German composer
made Tannhauser the subject of an opera? 383
Through what orders of monks did preaching become a powerful
educational influence? By whom was the mystic school
founded? Who were the greatest writers of the 14th and
15th centuries? 291
Give an account of the life and writings of Thomas k Kempis.453, 291
In what century did modem German literature begin? Name
four writers of that century 291
93
What were the principal works of Martin Luther and Uhich
von Hutten? 291, 460, 289
What did Hans Sachs write? When and by whom was the
German drama founded? 291 80
What was the effect of the thirty years' war on German htera-
t™e? : 291
In whose reign did German hterature revive? 291
Who were Klopstock and Herder? What did they write? What
is Klopstock's "Messiah"? 291 290 371
Teh something of the life of Lessing. Name three of his works.
Which one stimulated historic study in Germany? Which
was a treatise on art? 457^ 290 291
Outhne the influence of the philosophy of Kant on modem
thought. Name three of his works. What name has since
been apphed to his doctrines? 452-453, 291
What was the principle of Fichte's philosophy? 291
Give an account of the Kfe of Goethe. Mention four of his well-
known works. What is the object of Goethe's "Wilhelm
Meister"? 438, 291, 370
Briefly describe the character Faust. Mephistopheles 357, 335
With what other European writers does Goethe rank? To
whose influence did Goethe owe much of his success? 291
What made Weimar the center of intellectual life during the
latter part of the 18th century? 291
Relate the important events in the life of Schiller. Mention
two of his historical works. Five of his dramas 486, 291
What is the greatest drama in the German language? By whom
was it written? 291
Name three poets who were contemporaries of SchiUer. What
did each write? 291-292
Give the names of three works by Jean Paul Eichter. When
did he hve? . ." 292, 290
Mention five noted German scientists. Give facts about the
life and writings of each 292, 441-497
Who was Hegel? What system of philosophy was taught by
him? When did Schopenhauer hve? What did he write?.444, 290
At what time did Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm hve? What did
they write besides "Household Tales"? 290, 440
For what profession did Heine prepare? Mention three of his
best-known works • 444
Name five German historians. Give facts about the, ,hves of
Neander, Niebuhr, Ranke 292, 470-479
94
What is the character of Auerbach's writings? To what
classes of writers do Miihlbach, Freytag, and Paul Heyse
belong? ' , . . .401, 292, 290
Mention three noted operas to which both libretto and music were
written by Richard Wagner 497
Give the name of one German writer bom in the 15th century.
One in the 16th. One in the 17th. Six in the 18th. Three
in the 19th 289-290
Relate the story of the Pied Piper of Hamehn. What was
Koppelberg? 375, 333
What is the German legend of the trusty Eckhardt? 328, 354
In German tradition who was the .Lorelei? What was a gnome?
A kobold? 334, 330, 333
FRENCH LITERATUKE
From what time do the most ancient documents of the French
language date? What are the four divisions of the early
literature of France? 293
Is the song of Roland earlier ,or latei than the troubadours?
What is its theme? 74, 293, 378
What are the Arthurian romances? Tell the romance of the
sangraal. Of Charlemagne 345, 360, 350
What was the nature of the songs of the troubadours? By
what name were the troubadours known in northern France?
By what names were similar singers known in Germany and
England? 385, 76
Who was Abflajd? What did he write? Give an account of
his romantic life 292, 393
At what time were oriental legends brought into France? During
what centuries were the "fabliaux" popular? What are
th^? 293, 357
In what two centuries and by what two authors was the "Romance
of the Rose" written? Discuss the character of the poem.
Give a brief synopsis of it. Outline the story of "Robert
the DevH" and tell when it was written 293, 378
In what way did the crusades stimulate dramatic writing in
France? Give an account of French drama in the 14th
and 15th centuries 293
What document is probably the oldest French prose? Give
its date. When were the laws of WiUiam the C!onqueror
written? 294
Name the chroniclers of the 12th, 14th and 15th centuries. Of
what coimtries is Froissart's "Chronicles" a record? 294
95
By what events was the literature of France greatly influenced
during the 15th century? 294
What is meant by the renaissance? Compare the effects of the
renaissance in France with those in Italy and Germany. . . 294
Outline the characters Gargantua and Pantagruel. Name the
work in which they appear. In what century was it popular?
Who is the author? 359, 374, 294
Give an account of the life and writings of John Calvin. What
tendency of the times is shown in Montaigne's writings?
415, 294, 467
Name three dramatists, two writers of fiction, four orators, and
three influential patrons of learning — aU of the 17th century.
What prestige did the French language acquire throughout
Europe at this time? 294
Mention three representative works of Comeille. On which is
his fame based? Explain the origin of his character Cid
Campeador ' 422, 350
Tell something of MoUere and the purpose of his plays. In
which plays do Tartufe, Sganarelle, and Agnes occur? TeU
the story of the "Love Doctor" 467, 294, 343-383
What position does Racine occupy in French hterature? Name
some of his works. Which is sometimes called the greatest?
, 479, 292
In what fields are Descartes and Bossuet noted? Give some
details of the life of each. To what century do they belong?
292, 426, 410
Why is the early part of the 18th century called a dead season
of French hterature? Name three novehsts of the century.
294,292
What is the character of Voltaire's writings? Show his versa-
tility by mentioning some of his works. Why was he exiled
from France? 497, 294
How was Rousseau's early life spent? Name the most famous
of his writings. What is the nature of his "Emile"?.483, 294, 355
Describe the character Gil Bias. By whom was "GU Bias"
written? Name some other works by the same author.
360, 294, 456
What is the story of "Paul and Virginia"? TeU something of the
author 375, 406
Who wrote the "Barber of Seville"? Justify the term many-
sided genius as appUed to the writer 295, 404
For what lyric is Rouget de Lisle famous? Compare with other
French lyric poems 295
Name Montesquieu's greatest work 467, 294
Name two eminent naturalists of the 18th century. State some
facts about their Hves '. .292, 413, 424
For what sorts of hterary productions are Chateaubriand and
Madame de Stael celebrated? Name two works of each . . 295, 292
Give the names of five French historians of the 19th century.
Mention one work of each. Which has been called the
greatest French writer of his time? 295, 441-494
For what are Cousin, Comte, Renan noted? 295, 480
Give a brief sketch of the life and writings of Jules Michelet. . . 466, 293
Mention three noted modem French dramatists 295
Give a brief sketch of the Ufe of Balzac. What is the extent of
his works? 295, 403
When did Victor Hugo Uve? Name three of his works. Which
is his greatest production? 447, 295
Sketch the life of Dumas the Elder. Which of his books have
been most popular? How was Alexandre Dumas, bom 1824,
related to Alexandre Dumas, bom 1802? 428, 295
What did EugSne Sue write? Compare the birth dates of Dimias
the elder and Sue 295, 492, 428
Is George Sand a real name? What are the names of three of
her books? 295, 485
What is the character of the writings of Taine? Jules Verne?
Sardou? 293, 492, 485
To what class of writers does Zola belong? Maupassant?. 293, 504, 463
For what profession did Calvin prepare? CorneiUe? Molifere?
Balzac? Thiers? 403-494
Give the work and the author from which each of the following is
taken: Candide, Consuelo, Le Menteur, Pantagruleon law
case, Quasimodo, Rigolette 349-377
What is the Gesta Romanorum? 359
Give the real names of the following writers: Pierre Loti, George
Sand, Voltaire, Max O'Rell 292-293, 322-323
ITALIAN LITEBATUBE
How old are some of the manuscripts preserved in Italian libra-
ries? Name three of them. What is a palimpsest? 309 ,-374
Explain how culture was kept aKve in Italy during the middle
ages. Was the taste of the Italians at that time for legends
and poems or for serious history? 309
What early ItaUan traveler and writer described Cipango? Of
what interest did Italy find his travels? 350, 309
During what century did the real ItaUan literature begin? What
was the character of the literature developed? 309
97
What two religious orders influenced Italian life and letters in
the 13th century? To what two writers are most of the
poems and hymns attributed? 309
With whom did the ItaUan drama begin? Show how his personal
influence led to the development of the drama 309-310
What Italian dialect became the language of Uterature? What
was the first prose work written in Italian? 310
TeU some facts about Guittone d' Arezzo. Whom did he take
for his model? 310
In what century and by whom was the "Golden Legend" written?
Why is it deserving of study? 360
Explain why the year 1282 is regarded as marking the period of
development of Italian literature 310
Describe the writings of Cavalcanti. Of what political party was
he the head? Of whom was he a close friend? 310
Give an account of the life of Dante, with dates of birth and
death. Name his principal works. How does Dante rank
with other writers of his time? 424, 310
Tell briefly of what Dante's "Vita Nuova" consists. What is
the nature of his "Convito"? Of "De Monarchia"? 310
Outline carefully the "Divine Comedy". State to what class
of poetry it belongs, into what parts it is divided, what
questions it discusses 352, 310
Why was the "Divine Comedy" so named by Dante? What
effect had this poem upon Italian literature? 310-311
What sort of poems were written by Cina de Pistoia? Give
three facts, about his personal and Uterary standing 311
How is Petrarch classed in histories of Uterature? In what
other way is he equally well known? Relate in brief the
events of his life 311, 476
When did Boccaccio live? What is his most celebrated work?
Of what does it consist? Mention some other subjects on
which he wrote 408, 352, 311
Mention a writer whose work is stiU consulted as an authority on
Florentine history of the 12th and 13th centuries 311
FoK what is Lorenzo de' Medici chiefly remembered? What
was his influence as a scholar? Why did Savonarola
oppose him? Give facts about the hves of both men.
311, 465, 485
Name two leading Italian historians. How did their studies
of historical conditions differ? Mention one work by each.
311, 309, 460
When did Ariosto live? What is his greatest work? 399, 312
98
When and by whom was "Orlando Furioso" written? State
what kind of poetry it is, its theme, its characteristics, its
popularity. Who is Genevra? 373, 399, 312, 359
Who was Torquato Tasso? Give a short account of his life.
Name his greatest work. What does it describe?. .493,309,312
Give a synopsis of Tasso's "Jerusalem DeKvered". Who were
Godfrey de Bouillon, Armida, Rinaldo, Ubaldo, Clorinda,
Erminia, Adrastus, Ademar? 364, 438, 343-385
Under what rule did the period of decadence in Italian Uterar-
ture begin? How long did this condition last? By what
name is it known? 312
In what different fields of ' learning was Galileo conspicuous?
Name his inventions and discoveries. Give other events
of his life. Characterize Galileo's prose 312, 435
When was Italy freed from Spanish dominion? What sort of writing
appeared first in this new period? By what w^s it followed? 312
At what time did Botta, Sismondi, and CoUetta live? To what
class of writers do they belong? Which wrote a history
of the American revolution? 312, 309, 410, 488
When was the movement known as romanticism prominent?
Compare this with the renaissance. Mention the first
realistic writer of Italy. State Goethe's estimate of him. 312, 294
For what is Gabriele Rossetti celebrated? What position did
he occupy in England? Give the names of his son and his
daughter, and tell something of their Mterary and artistic
attainments , 483
Compare Leopardi's writings with those of Shelley and Byron.
Also compare dates of birth, and ages at death. .312, 456, 296-297
Name three fiction writers of the 19th century. Two political
writers 312
What position do the works of De Amicis hold? 312
Give an account of the life and writings of Gabriele d' Annunzio . 398
SPANISH LITEBATUBE
What is the oldest specimen of Spanish literature? The earhest
important work? From what century do they date? 313
Who was the Cid? How has he been immortaKzed in fiction?
419-420, 350
What is the character of the 13th century Uterature of Spain?
Name three writers of that century 313
Who is the author of "The Philosopher's Stone"? Who was
the originator of history written in Spanish? What is the
"Cronica General"? During whose reign was it compiled?. 313
99
Trace the influence of Alfonso X through the historical literature
of the 14th century 313
State some facts about the writings of Juan Manuel and Pedro
Lopez de Ayala 313, 312
In what century were the French romances of the "round table''
translated and imitated in Spain? 313
What is meant by the "arte de trobar"? During whose reign
did it appear? Of what was it composed? Mention two
writers of such verse 313
flow did Spanish drama begin? Trace its development. When
and by whom was "La Celestina" written? What effect had it? 313
From the union of what kingdoms does the golden age of Spanish
hterature date? 314
Give a concise biography of Cervantes. What was the character
of his first writings? Name an Enghsh author whose death
occurred in the same year as Cervantes' death 417, 295
TMiat is the nature of Cervantes' "Don Quixote"? Tell some-
thing of these characters: Don Quixote, Sancho Panza,
Mambrino, Camacho, Ubeda 353, 349-385
What did Lope de Vega write? Of whom was he a contemporary?
314,313
Who was the leading Spanish dramatist during the golden age?
Divide his plays into four classes 314, 414
State how the historical writings of Juan de Mariana differed
from those of earUer Spanish writers. Name three Spanish
historians who wrote of the new world 314, 313
To what extent are such subjects as philosophy, mathematics,
etc., represented in Spanish literature? 314
From what source did the 16th century poets draw much of their
inspiration? To what extent has Spanish poetry influenced
the national Ufe? 314
Why did Spanish hterature make little progress during the first
half of the 18th century? What was the influence of Charles
III upon hterature? 314
Outline Spanish hterature of the 19th century. What author
wrote under the pen name Figaro? Name a famous
novel of the century and its author 314
RUSSIAN UTEBATUBE
Describe the oral traditions which were the foundation of Russian
hterature. By what name are they known? 314-315
Into what five periods is the oral hterature divided? What
are the characteristics of the tales of the first three periods?.314-315
100
What are the principal themes of the tales of the fourth period,
in which Moscow became the capital of Russia? Give the
date of its beginning 315
Show how the accession of Peter the Great is marked by distinct
legendary tales 315
In what century and by whom were some of Russia's songs and
folk-tales preserved in written form? 315
-What is the earhest specimen of written Russian literatiu-e?
What is its date? 315
Mention three prose writings of the 11th century. By whom
was most of the writing of these times done? 315
Who is called the patriarch of Russian hterature? What are his
writings? 315
What is the "Story of Igor"? At what time and by whom was
the "Book of Household Management" written? 315
When was the first printing press set up in Moscow? When
was the first book printed? What was this book? 315
N ame the most important Russian writing of the first half of the
17th century. Where was it written? At that time what
treatment did writers of educational works receive? 315
What country influenced Russia during the 17th century? With
what writers did the old Russian literature end? 316, 315
In what ways did Alexis stimulate the progress of learning? What
books did he burn? When did he reign? 316, 395
When did Peter the Great become czar? What was his influence
in regard to the use of the Russian langtfage? 149, 316
Name three writers of the time of Peter, the Great. State the
purpose of the works of each 316
What was the attitude of Catherine II toward literature? Name
the greatest poet of her reign 417, 316
Who wrote "A Journey to Moscow"? What journey did the
author make in consequence of this work? 316
Mention the most celebrated writer of Russian fables. Who is
called the first novehst of talent? Of what did he write?. 316
Explain what is meant by Little Russia. When was all pubUcar
tion in the language of Little Russia forbidden? Who
was the poet of Little Russia? What name is given to the
cairn marking his grave? 317
What class of people form the main subject of Turgenieff's works?
Give an estimate of the author. Of his "Nest of Gentle
People" 316, 495
Give dates of birth and death of Tolstoi. Name four of his
works. Which do critics consider his best works? 495, 316
Name three Russian historians of the 19th century. Which is
called the ablest of his time? 317
State the subject of Count Witte's writings. What important
positions were held by him? 503
What is the real name of Maxim Gorky? Give a brief review of his
hfe and writings 439
JAPANESE LITERATURE
From what century does Japanese literature date? How early
are historical compilations said to have existed? 317
Give the title of the earliest known Japanese writing. Explain
fuUy how it was compiled 317
What is the most ancient poem in Japanese literature? To
what century does it belong? 317
Name a Japanese history completed in 720. Compare this with
the "Kojiki". In these ancient histories what name is
given to Japan? 317
What is the "Tosa Nikki"? In what century and by whom was
it written? 318
During the 10th century what place did women occupy in
Japanese literature? 318
By whom and in what century was the "Dai Nihonshi" com-
posed? What ' was its purpose? Why have the national
annals of Japan been- so carefully guarded? 317
What do the Japanese works on geography cover? 318
Describe the poetry of Japan. Mention two poetic forms that
do not appear in Japanese literature 318
What sorts of fiction are common in the literature of Japan?. . . 318
Mention a reference work of great value to students of Japanese
language and hterature 318
ENGLISH LITERATURE
Name the oldest song of the Northmen which has been preserved
in English literature 297
How old is "Beowulf"? Outline it briefly. To what class of
poetry does it belong? 295, 347, 297
What is the first great native British poem? 298, 295
Under what influence did literature begin in England? In what
century and in what part of the country? For how many
centuries was learning confined to this locahty? 297
Who was the first writer of Enghsh prose? What did he write?
State the extent of his fame 298, 295
Trace the development of hterature in the 9th century. Give
dates and effect of Danish invasions and conquest. What
place is called the cradle of English poetry? The home of
Enghsh prose? 298, 69-70
102
To what extent and in what way did Alfred the Great advance
English language and literature? 298, 295, 395
When did jElfric write? What. is the best model of English at
the beginning of the 11th century? 295, 298
Why was the Norman conquest so important an event in litera-
ture? What was its effect? 72, 298
Describe the literature of England during the 12th century.
What did Geoffrey of Monmouth write? 298
Give the four cycles into which 12th and 13th century romance
is divided. Tell some of the traditions of King Arthur,
Arthur's drinking-horn, Arthur's ipund table, the graal, Sir
Tristram, Roland, Charlemagne, Robin Hood 298, 345-385
When were the first dramas produced in England? On what
are the mysteries and miracle-plays founded? Give date
and name of the earhest miracle-play on record. , 299, 371
Mention Roger Bacon's greatest work. Who was he? To what
century does he belong? 402, 295
Name two prose writers of the 14th century, mentioning one work
of each. Who wrote "Piers Plowman"? What is it? 298, 375
Give a brief account of the hfe and writings of Chaucer. What
is his greatest work? In what dialect did he write? . 419, 298-299
State the theme of the Canterbury tales. What is the Hterary
value of the prologue? 350, 298-299
What connection has each of the following with the Canterbury
tales: Tabard inn, Harry BaiUie, Arcite, Donegild, Griselda,
Valerian, the pardoner's tale, Madame Eglantine? From
what sources does Chaucer derive some of his tales? .... 345-385
Summarize the hterary events of the 14th century. Name the
greatest writer? Whose name stands second? 299, 298
Characterize 15th century English hterature. What was the
greatest prose work of the century? When and by whom was
the first book printed in England? What was it? 299, 417
Of what nature is Malory's "Morte d' Arthur"? TeU something
of the author. 299, 461
Name Sir Thomas More's most celebrated work. Give a short
outhne of it 295, 468, 385
Who made the first complete Enghsh translation of the scrip-
tures? The second? When and by whom was the first copy
of the whole Bible printed? 298, 299
What is meant by the golden age in Enghsh hterature? What
conditions stimulated intellectual activity at this time? . . . 299
What rank does Spenser take among writers of the Elizabethan
age? Mention two of his works 299
103
Describe Spenser's "Shepherd's Calendar" 299, 381
Outline the "Faerie Queene". TeU something of interest about
each of the following: Red-cross knight, Una, Acrasia, Guyon,
Archimago, Duessa, Canace, Serena, Cahdore, the blatant
beast, Florimel, Malengrin, Philtra, Ignaro 357, 343-385
Name some dramas by Christopher Marlowe. In what year was
he bom? Compare date of his birth with the birth date of
Shakespere 299, 295
TeU what is known of the life of Shakespere. Name three of his
contemporaries. How many plays did he write? 487, 299
Name three of Shakespere's trjigedies. Three of his comedies.
Estimate the hterary value of his works 487, 299
Tell the story of--" As You Like It", "Twelfth Night", "Othello",
"King Lear", "Winter's Tale" 346-386
Describe each of the following characters and teU in which of
Shakespere's plays each occurs: Banquo, Bardolph, Bene-
dick, Caliban, Falstaff, Jaques, Queen Mab, Nick Bottom,
Prospero, Romeo, Shylock, Timon, Viola 346-386
What is considered the measure of Shakespere's hterary great-
ness? In what way does he excel other writers? 299-300
Mention three dramas produced by Ben Jonson. How was his
early life spent? Contrast Jonson's delineation of character
with that of Shakespere. What is the nature of "Every Man
in His Humor"? 300, 452, 356
When did the decay of EngMsh drama begin? How do the plays of
Fletcher and Beaumont compare with those of Shakespere?. .300, 433
Who was the greatest prose writer of the Elizabethan age? In
what three fields of hterature was he prominent? Give a
sketch of his life 300, 402
Name and describe Bacon's greatest work. When was it pub-
lished? In what language? What is his "New Atlantis"?.300, 372
What name is given to the Hterary period following the Eliza-
bethan? Contrast its characteristics with those of the
Elizabethan age. Were its writings chiefly prose or poetry? . 300
In what year was the King James version of the Bible printed?
What was its effect upon the speech of the people? 300
What place does Milton occupy among English writers? Describe
his boyhood, his education, his later life 300, 466
Mention five of Milton's early poems. Tell something of each.
Which of these is considered his finest poem? 300
To what class of writing was Milton devoted from 1640 to 1660?
Give the name of his greatest prose work. Who were the
rulers of England during that time? 301, 151
104
Describe briefly "Paradise Lost". What is its style? To what
classic writers may Miiton be compared? 301
Who is called the second greatest writer of the puritan age? State
the comparative standing of Shakespere, Milton, Bunyan . . 301
Give the principal facts regarding the life of John Bimyan. With
what idea was "Pilgrim's Progress" written? 413, 301, 376
Outline the story of "Pilgrim's Progress". Who are Christian,
Hopeful, giant Despair? What are doubting castle, the
slough of despond, and the valley of humiliation? .. 376, 350-385
TeU something of Samuel Pepys's "Diary''. How was it written? . 301, 375
What is the great historical work of the puritan age? Of whom
was its author an exact contemporary? 301
Contrast Dryden's poetry with that of Chaucer and Spenser.
Name three of his poems. When did Dryden hve?. . .301, 299, 428
Compare Dryden's literary style with that of Pope. What influ-
ence had their writings upon EngUsh speech? 301-302
Describe the conditions of Pope's time. Give a sketch of his Ufe.
Name two of his poems. Which of the classics did he trans-
late? 301-302, 478
Name the greatest work of John Locke. Of Sir Isaac Newton.
State some facts about each 296, 458, 470
For what sort of writing is the first half of the 18th century
notable? What writers developed a new style of essays?. . . , 302
What was the "Tatler"? The "Spectator"? The "Guardian"?
By whom were they published? Name some contributors.
What is the value of Addison's essays? Tell something of
his Ufe 302, 382, 394
At what time did prose fiction develop in England? Who was
the first fiction writer of the century? 302
What are Daniel Defoe's best-known works? Tell the story of
"Robinson Crusoe" 302, 426, 378
Who wrote "Gulliver's Travels"? The "Tale of a Tub"? Give
a short sketch of the author's life. What is the character
of "Gulhver's Travels"? What is LiUiput land? Laputa?
302, 492, 361-367
Mention two novels by Fielding. Name two by Richardson.
Smollett. Sterne. ♦ Tell something of each work 302, 344-381
Give some facts about Fielding, Smollett, Sterne. Which is
called the father of English fiction? 433-490
How does the "Vicar of Wakefield" rank among novels of the
18th centirry? Outline the life of Goldsmith. Give the
theme of the "Vicar of Wakefield", "She Stoops to Con-
quer", "The Deserted ViUage" 302, 438, 352-386
105
Mention well-known poems by Gray, Collins, Cowper. What ia
the hterary value of Gray's work? 302, 296, 439
Name three 18th century historians. Two distinguished orators.
TeU something of their hves and their hterary standing.
What did Blackstone write? 302, 407-448
Give an account of the hterary work carried on by Dr. Samuel
Johnson. What is his most famous work? Why did he
write "Rasselas"? Who was BosweU? 302, 451, 377, 410
What are the themes of Bums's poems? Give the titles of three
poems. At what age did Burns die? 302, 296, 413-414
Name the English poets of the early part of the 19th century.
What changes are observed in the poetry of this time?
302-303
What was the aim of Wordsworth's poetry? Name one of his
best poems. Quote the first hnes of three 303, 389-390
What is meant by poet laureate? Name the first poet laureate.
The present one. Mention four laureates of the 19th cen-
tury. When did Wordsworth become poet laureate?. . .365-366, 503
Name Coleridge's finest poems. Mention some poems by Shelley.
By Keats. Who was the ancient mariner? Endymion?
303, 297, 344, 355
Of what nationahty was Thomas Moore? What is his best-
known work? What is the "Loves of the Angels"? Explain
the following allusions: Nourmahal, Nucta, the veiled
prophet 303, 296, 368-386
For what is Byron's poetry remarkable? After the production
of which poem was it that Byron "awoke one morning and
foimd himself famous"? What is the plan of "Childe
Harold"? Of "Manfred"? 303, 414, 350, 370
Sketch the lives of Byron, Shelley, Keats. State the parentage
of each and the age of each at death 414-487
Mention five prose writers of the first half of the 19th century.
In what fields of literature were they prominent? Which
will be remembered as the creator of the historical novel? 303
Give a brief outline of the Kfe of Sir Walter Scott. Name three
of his poems. What are the Waverley novels? Who are
the following characters : Dandie Dinmont, Ivanhoe, lady
of the lake, Lochinvar, Red-gauntlet ? 486, 386, 351-377
Of what class were most of the writings of Lamb, De Quincey,
Macaulay, John Stuart Mill? State some item of interest
from the hfe of each 303, 426-466
In what year did the Victorian age of EngUsh Hterature begin?
For what is it chiefly known? 303
106
Name two poets, two writers of prose fiction, two essayists, two
philosophers, and two historians of the Victorian age 303
Give the title of one poem by Robert Browning. One by EUzabeth
Barrett Browning. In what countries did they spend many
years? Tell something of the "Ring and the Book", the
Pied Piper of Hamelin", "Pippa Passes" 297," 412, 375-378
In what year was Tennyson born? What honors were conferred
upon him in 1850 and in 1884? What is the purpose of the
'•Idylls of the King"? 493, 363
To what extent do the old legends of King Arthur enter into the
"Idylls of the King"? Who was Elaine? Sir Galahad?
345-359
Is Matthew Arnold's reputation based chiefly upon his work as an
author or as a critic? What educational positions did he
hold? Mention two of his works 400, 297
What place does Bulwer-Lytton occupy in English fiction?
Describe his brUhant Hterary career. Give the titles of his
two best-known works 460, 297
Which class of people furnished material for Thackeray's novels?
For Dickens's? For George EUot's? 303
Give a sketch of the fife of Thackeray. What did he study in
Paris? Name four of his books. Describe these characters:
Col. Newcome, Mr. Sedley, Becky Sharp 494, 372-381
Describe the hardships of Dickens's early Ufe. Sketch his later
successes. What did Dickens purpose to accomplish in most
of his novels? 427, 303
Describe each of the following characters. State in which of
Dickens's novels each occurs: Sydney Carton, Mrs. Gamp,
Gradgrind, Uriah Heep, Mrs. JeUyby, Mrs. Nickleby, Scrooge,
BiU Sikes 349-382
Give the real name of George EUot. Name her best works.
Give the first line of "The Choir Invisible" 430, 297, 388
What lesson did Carlyle undertake to teach? Compare the
teachings of Carlyle and Ruskin. Give dates of birth and
some details of the Hfe of each. Name two of Carlyle's
books. Two of Ruskin's 303, 416, 484
In what hne of writing is Herbert Spencer prominent? What was
his early occupation? 303, 489
Of what did the following write: Hugh Miller, Darwin, TyndaU,
Huxley? In what caitury did they Uve? What was the
effect of Darwin's work? 297, 425-496
What histories were written by Grote, Rawlinson, Froude,
Green? 297, 435-479
107
What was the purpose of Charles Reade's novels? Name three
of them 479, 297
Give the names of three works by Charles Kingsley. State
the character of each. What was Kingsley's profession?. .453, 297
Mention one work by Anthony Trollope. State something of
his life 297, 495
Sketch briefly the life of Charlotte Bronte. Mention three of
her books. What was the success of "Jane Eyre"? How
does it rank? 411, 297
For what profession did Thomas Hughes prepare? Name some
of his principal works .' 447, 297
Mention some writings by George Meredith. Where was he
educated? 465
Tell something of Richard Blackmore and his works 407, 297
What positions were occupied by Sir Edwin Arnold? Name
his most important work 400, 297
In what year was James Bryce born? Mention some of the
important offices held by him. Name three of his books. .297, 412
Give the names of two poems by Swinburne. Mention an essay
and a play by Swinburne 492
Name two books by John Watson. Under what pseudonym
did he write? What was his profession in early hfe? 498
Give the names of three works by HaU Caine. When and where
was he bom? What was his early profession? 414
State the nationality of James M. Barrie. Mention four of his
works for the stage. Give the titles of his first four
books 403
Tell something of the fife of Robert Louis Stevenson. Name
four of his books. Where did he spend his last years? 490
Sketch briefly the life of Henry Rider Haggard. Name two
of his best-known works 441
Where was Rudyard Kipling bom? Mention five of his works.
Quote the first Une of the "Recessional" 453, 390
What English poet is called the poet's poet? The father of EngUsh
poetry? The bard of Avon? The bard of Rydal Mount?
299, 298, 346
What is the real name of each of the following EngUsh writers:
Currer Bell, Marie CoreUi, Boz, Ian MacLaren, Gavin
Ogilvy, Lewis CarroU? 321-323
Name the author of each of the following: "Lorna Doone",
"Vanity Fair", "The Woman in White", "Jane Eyre",
"Scottish Chiefs", "The Compleat Angler", "Last Days of
Pompeii", "Pride and Prejudice" 296-297
108
Identify the following charactors in stories, plays, or poems, and
name tbo author: John Bailoyoorn, Captain Bobadil, Doctor
Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Dolly \ardeu, Fagin, Tam O'Shanter,
Tommy Atkins 346-384
Name the authora of the following poems: "Crossing the Bai'",
"The Colloi's Sntuidny Night", "Liicile", "The Lost Chord",
"Lays of Anoient Bome" 3SS-389, 296-297
Give the title and ihe author of eiu'h of the poems beginning with
the following lines:
"A thing of beauty is a joy forever.''
"Flow gently, sw'eet Afton, among thy green braes."
"How does the water come down at LodorcT'
"Sw-eel and low, sweet and low."
"Lead, kindly light, amid the encircling gloom."
"The year's at the spring."
"Drink to me only with thine oyes." 387-390
AMERICAN LlTERATllKE
Why are Anieriean history and Anieriean hterature not contem-
poraneous terms? 306
Mention three periods into which American hterature is divided.
What years are ineluded in each of the three periods? 306
U"hy did the eluiraeter of eolonial literature vary in diffei'ent
parts of the count rv? 306
Give a brief description of the literature of \'irginia dm'ing the
colonial period, ^^'ho is the author of "A True Relation of
\'irginia"? When and where was it published? 300
Mention two narratives and descriptions of the new world, pub-
lislied in the 17th century. By whom and for what purpose
wei-e tliey written? 306
Company the progress of education in New England with that of
\'irginia during the colonial period. Wliat was the first
book printed in the New England colonies? 306
State the nature of tlie earliest WTitings in New England. In
what form were the events of the first year of the Pl)^nouth
colony recoi-ded? 306
Who wtote the "History of Plymouth"? To what date does it
e.\tend? 306
What w;vs the character of the Uteratm-e of New England through-
out the colonial period? Explain 306
Mention six writers of the colonial period. AMiich three of these
were the greatest? 304, 306, 307
What is tlie representative work of John Winthrop? What
position did he hold? 304, 503
109
Mention three facts concerning the hfe of Cotton Mather. What
is the nature of the "Magnalia"? 463, 307, 369
Give a concise biography of Jonathan Edwards and mention
three of his works. Which is best known? 430, 307
Name three representative works of Benjamin Franklin. Give a
short account of his hfe. What did "Poor Riciiard's
Almanac" contain? 307, 434, 376
In what year was the first newspaper pubHshed in America? Give
the name and the date of the second. The third 307
What was the character of the writings of the revolutionary
period? What Hterary value have its state papers? 307
Who was the greatest orator of Massachusetts during the revolu-
tionary period? Of Virginia? Mention five statesmen of
the revolutionary period who were able writers. Name some
of the state papers partly produced by Thomas Jefferson. . 307, 450
Tell the origin of "Yankee Doodle" 307
Who is the author of the "Battle of the Kegs"? 304
Where was the hterary center of America during the early part
of the 19th century? 307
What is the representative work of Noah Webster? Name three
other work.?. Tell something of his life 304, 499
Who are the best-known writers of the first half of the 19th century?
Name three prose writers and three poets of that century . . 307-308
Divide the New England writers of the 19th century into three
groups. Mention three prominent names from each group . 307-308
Give the names of the great orators of the North. With what
orators of the South were these contemporaneous? 308
In what century were the following bom: Daniel Webster, Edward
Everett, Rufus Choate, Henry Clay, Robert Hayne, John C.
Calhoun? Name Webster's most briUiant address. What did
Everett write? What rank has Choate as an orator? 414-499
Mention two works by William EUery Channing. How does his
hterary style compare with that of other American writers? . 418
Tell something of the writings of Joseph Story and Thomas Hart
Benton 304, 491, 405
Give a concise biography of Washington Irving. For what pro-
fession was Irving prepared? Name six of his writings.
Associate one of his books with his life in Spain 448
Tell the story of Rip Van Winkle. In what work does it occur?
Who was Diedrich Knickerbocker? To what was the name
Salmagundi applied? 378, 364, 379
What weU-known American authors were bom during the Ameri-
can revolution? 139, 304
110
Give a brief sketch of the Ufe of James Fenimore Cooper. Into
what languages have Cooper's works been translated? 422
On what historical fact is Cooper's "Pilot" based? Name the
books composing the "Leather-Stocking Tales". Outhne
the story running through the series. As what character does
Natty Bumppo appear in the different tales? 376, 366, 371
Give the first Unes of "The American Flag" and "The Culprit
Fay". Who wrote them? When did he Kve? 387-388, 304
Mention one poem by Fitz-Greene Halleck. Quote its first Une. . 304, 389
Give a biographical sketch of William CuUen Bryant. At what
age was "Thanatopsis" written? Name some of his other
writings. Give the first line of the "Death of the Flowers".
Of "To a Waterfowl". Of "Thanatopsis" 412, 388-390
By whom were "Hail, Columbia", "The Star-Spangled Banner",
"Home, Sweet Home", "America" written? State facts
about the authors. During what war was "The Star-
Spangled Banner" written? 304-305, 447-475
What is the representative work of Joseph E. Worcester? When
was it pubhshed? 304, 603
When and where was Ralph Waldo Emerson born? How does
he rank among American writers? Mention three repre-
sentative works of Emerson. Of what Enghsh philosopher
was Emerson a friend? Which of the two was older?. .431, 297
State the topics of Emerson's "Representative Men". Quote the
first line of the "Concord Hymn" 377, 388
Mention four of the representative works of Nathaniel Haw-
thorne. Upon which does his reputation mainly rest? Out-
hne the plot of the "Scarlet Letter" 304, 444, 380
^Tiere was Brook Farm? What literary people were connected
with it? In which of Hawthorne's romances is the story told? 348
Relate the principal events in the life of Longfellow. What was
his education? Mention four of his most celebrated poems.
Name another American poet bom in the same year 458, 305
From what source did Longfellow gather the material for "Hia-
watha"? Who was Minnehaha? Osseo? 362-373
What is the subject of Longfellow's "Evangeline"? Name its
principal characters. In what poem do Miles Standish and
Priscilla appear? What are the "Tales of a Wayside Inn"? . . 356-383
Where was John G. Whittier bom? Of what descent was he?
What trade did he learn? At what time was he a member
of the legislature? , . 501
Name three of Whittier's poems. Quote the first fine of the
"Barefoot Boy". Of "Maud MuUer" 501, 387, 389
111
For what works is Oliver Wendell Holmes best known? In what
magazine did they first appear? Quote the first lines of "The
Boys", "The Chambered Nautilus", and, "The Last Leaf".
446, 388-389
Tell something of the life of Edgar AUan Poe. How do his
writings compare with those of other American poets? .... 477, 307
Give the first hnes of "Annabel Lee" and "The Raven". By
whom were they written? Where is the scene of "The Gold
Bug" laid? 387, 390, 360
By what address did Abraham Lincoln attain fame as an orator?
In what year were Lincoln, Holmes, and Poe born? . . 308, 457, 305
Give a brief account of the life and the writings of James RusseU
Lowell 459
Name in chronological order five American historians born between
1795 and 1825 304-305, 308
Of what countries did Prescott write history? Mention two his-
torical works by Bancroft. What period of American history
is covered by Bancroft's work? By Hildreth's? On what
works is Motley's fame based? Name Parkman's best-known
histories 304-305, 403-478
What government positions were held by Motley? How did Park-
man gather material for "The Conspiracy of Pontiac"?. .469, 474
In what circumstances was Thoreau's "Walden'' written? Of
what is it a record? To what department of science was
Thoreau devoted? Of whom was he a friend? 494, 386
What are five representative works of Harriet Beecher Stowe?
Which one is most famous? Tell something of her life 491
For what poem is JuUa Ward Howe best known? Where was it
written? Quote its first fine 447, 387
Sketch briefly the life of Edward Everett Hale. Mention five well-
known works. "Ten Times One Is Ten" led to the founding
of what society? 441, 383
OutUne the army service of Lew Wallace. Name four of his
books. Give a synopsis of "Ben Hur" 497, 347
Name three humorous writers of the 19th century. Which of
them wrote both prose and poetry? 308, 305, 306
Where was Samuel L. Clemens bom? Sketch his early life.
Under what name did he write? Mention five of his works.
Outhne briefly the character Tom Sawyer 420, 384
What state was the birthplace of William Dean Howells? What
position did he occupy at Venice? Name an American maga-
zine edited by him. Give the titles of three of his best novels.
What.material furnishes themes for much of his work?. . . . 447, 308
112
To what class of writers does Thomas Bailey Aldrich bdong?
Sketch his life. What magazine did he edit? Name two
of his poems and one prose work 395, 305
OutUne the life of Edmund Clarence Stedman. Mention three
of his works. To what class of critics does he belong?.490, 305, 308
Quote the first line of a poem by John Burroughs. On what
subject are most of Burroughs's works? Name three of his
books. Give some facts about his early life 390,414
Who was Thomas Wentworth Higginson? What did he write?.446, 305
Give the name of one work by George W. Curtis. One by
Charles Dudley Warner. One by Frank R. Stockton. . . . . 305
In what different occupations did Bret Harte engage? Name
two of his writings 443
Who wrote "Ramona"? Why is it especially noteworthy? Name
the best writers on the American Indian besides the author
of the leather-stocking tales 377, 366
What is the character of Eugene Field's poems? What is he
sometimes called? Sketch his early life. Give the title
and the first Mne of one of his poems '. . . 433, 389
Why is James Whitcomb Riley called the Hoosier poet? What was
his early education? Mention five of his poems. Give the first
lines of "Out to Old Aunt Mary's" and "Knee-deep in June" . 481, 389
Outline the life of Henry James. Name t.wo of his works. . . .449, 305
Name two southern poets, and five fiction writers of southern birth. 308
What rare qualities did Sidney Lanier possess? Give the title of
one prose work. With what words does the "Song of the
Chattahoochee" begin? Sketch his life 308, 390, 455
Who wrote "When Malindy Sings"? Quote its first line. Esti-
mate the literary value of Paul Laurence Dunbar's poems. 390, 308
Tell something of the career of George W. Cable. Name three
of his books .414, 305
Where was Thomas Nelson Page born? State his education.
What diplomatic appointment did he receive in 1913? Name
three of his books 473
Sketch the fife of James Lane AUen. In what colleges did he
teach? What are the titles of five of his books? 396
In what state was Joel Chandler Harris born? To what trade
was he apprenticed? Tell something of the character of
his writings as judged from their titles 443
Under what name did Mary N. Murfree for years conceal her
identity? Mention some of her books 469
For what profession did Thomas Dixon, jr., prepare? Give the
titles of two of his writings 428
113
Give an account of the life of Henry Van Dyke. What has he
written? What diplomatic post did he accept in 1913? 496
Give the names of three works of fiction by Richard Harding
Davis. In what wars did he serve as a correspondent? 425
Mention some works of fiction by Margaretta Wade Deland. By
Ellen Glasgow 426, 438
Mention five books by Kate Douglas Wiggin. In what philan-
thropic work has she been interested? 501
Name a work on history by Woodrow Wilson. One on Utera-
ture. One on politics 502-503
Give the names of two historical works by Theodore Roosevelt.
One biographical work. Two pertaining to western hfe. . . 482
State important facts about Elbert Hubbard. Give the titles
of five of his works 447
What was Owen Wister's education? His profession? What are
the titles of two well-known works by Wister? 503
Give a brief account of the hterary, editorial, and educational
work of Bliss Perry 476
Name the American magazines edited by each of the following,
and tell something of the editor: Albert Shaw, Edward
W. Bok, George Horace Lorimer, Norman Hapgood 408-487
Mention some of the best-known books by Gene Stratton-Porter.
. Give a brief account of the author's life 478
What works have made Harold BeU Wright known? In what
occupations has he engaged? 504
Who wrote the following: "The Hoosier Schoolmaster'', "Huckle-
berry Finn", "The Lady or the Tiger", "Little Women",
"The Man without a Country", "The Oregon Trail", "Dream
Life", "Timothy Titcomb's Letters", "The Marble Faun",
"Ferdinand and Isabella", "Potiphar Papers", "The Fair
God"? 304-306
In what works do the following characters occur: Ichabod Crane,
Topsy, Alice RoussUlon, Sam SMck, Tirzah, Zenobia? 351-387
Name the author of each of these: "America", "Barbara
Frietchie", "Old Ironsides", "The Old Oaken Bucket",
"Old Folks at Home", "Songs of the Sierras", "The Vision
of Sir Launfal" 387-390, 382, 305
Who wrote the "Battle Hymn of the Repubhc"? "Leaves of
Grass"? "Lincohi"? "The Piper"? 305-306
Give the real names of these writers: Ralph Connor, Charles
Egbert Craddock, Martin Dooley, Fra Elbertus, Marion
Harland, Alice Caldwell Hegan, H. H., Josiah AUen's Wife, Ik
Marvel, Mark Twain, Artemus Ward, John Strange Winter. 321-323
114
GEOGRAPHY
What is the distance of the sun from the earth? 725
Define latitude. Longitude 539, 540
Compare the size of the moon with the size of the earth. How
far away is the moon? In how long a time does the moon
make a complete revolution? 717
What are tides? How many times does the tide rise and fall
each twenty-four hours? Define flood tide. Ebb tide 574-575
Explain fully the cause of tides. When do spring tides occur?
Neap tides? 574-575
What is wiad? What causes it? 580
Explain the formation of dew. Why no dew on a cloudy night. . . 709
Of what are clouds composed? How does a fog differ from a
cloud? What is the average height of clouds? 696
Divide clouds into fom* classes and describe each class. Which
of these is highest? Which is called the rain-cloud? 696-697
Give the scientific name for "mackerel sky" 697
What is rain? How is it caused? Upon what does the quantity
of rainfall depend? Give in inches the mean annual deposit
of rain and dew upon the surface of the earth 562
How much water is it computed that the entire atmosphere
can hold in solution? What causes the difference between
rain and snow? 562
What region of the world receives the greatest annual rainfall?
State iu inches the greatest recorded yearly and the greatest
recorded daily precipitation. Compare this excessive rainfall
with the amount received in the interior deserts of Asia. . 515
Show the varieties of climate by comparing the tropical, arid,
and arctic regions of Asia. Where is it hottest? Where
coldest? 515
Describe the raiubow. To what is its formation due? Where
must the observer stand in order to see a rainbow? 562
By what other names is the aiu'ora boreahs known? Describe
its appearance. Where is it visible? When most frequent? 688
What deceptive appearance does mirage give to distant objects?
Name locahties in which it is a common occurrence 544
Arrange in order of size the following continents: Africa, North
America, South America, Asia, Europe, Oceania 852
How much of the world's surface does the Pacific ocean cover? . . 552
115
Through whom did Europe first learn of the Pacific? What
European first saw it? Who first sailed upon it? Who
takes first rank as an explorer of the Pacific? 552, 422
Give the area and the boundaries of the Atlantic ocean. Where
do the trade winds blow? 516
Describe the Gulf Stream. To what is it due? What effect
has it on the climate of lands along its course? 536
Stat6 five facts concerning the Indian ocean 538
What is the southern boundary of the Arctic ocean? 514
What countries are separated by Bering strait? What waters
does it connect? For whom was Bering strait named? 518
Give the names of the first five explorers who attempted to reach
the north pole. Mention three of the 19th century.. ..... 514
How far north did Nansen go? Give some facts about him.
What latitude was reached by Abruzzi? For what other
explorations is he celebrated? 514, 469, 393
By whom and when was the north pole reached? Give a short
biography of Robert E. Peary 514, 475
Mention five facts concerning 20th century Antarctic explorar
tions. By whom was the south pole first reached? In
what ship did he make the voyage? 509, 397
Give an account of the Antarctic expedition of Captain Robert
Scott. On what date did he reach the pole? 509
NORTH AMERICA
What is the area of North America? Compare the areas of
Canada, the United States and Mexico 852, 604
Where is the Rocky mountain system? 565
Name the highest Rocky mountain peak in the United States.
The two highest in Canada. The highest in Mexico. In
Alaska. Which is the highest in North America? 547
Name three principal river systems of Canada 522
How large a portion of the United States is drained by the Mis-
sissippi river? How long is it? What is its chief
tributary? State the area of its delta 544
In what state does the Missouri rise? How far is the Missouri
navigable? Give the total length of the Missouri and the
Mississippi ■ 544-545
Explain the meaning of the word Mississippi. From what did
the Missouri river derive its name? 829
What is the name of the St. Lawrence river at its source? What
lakes does it drain. State its width. Its length. 570, 565
Mention three Canadian tributaries of the St. Lawrence river. . . . 570
116
Describe Lake Superior. How much higher than the Atlantic
ocean is it? By what river and falls does Lake Superior
flow into Lakes Huron and Michigan? 573
How long is St. Mary's river? Where and what is Sault Ste.
Marie? How do steamers pass these falls? 573, 839
How many islands does Lake Huron contain? How many feet
above ocean level is Lake Michigan? Lake Huron?. . . 537, 543, 539
Between what countries does Lake Erie lie? Compare the
surface level of Lake Erie and Lake Ontario 530, 539
Give a brief description of Niagara river and Niagara falls 549
Why was Lake Erie so named? Lake Ontario? What is the
meaning of the word Niagara? 814-832
Between what two countries does Lake Ontario form part of the
boundary? Name five ports 550-551
How do vessels pass from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario? 654
Which of the Great Lakes is wholly within the United States?
Which is the largest? The smaUest? The deepest? ... 543, 539
Why was the Yukon river so named? Compare it with the
Mississippi in regard to length 581, 565
Into what ocean does the Columbia river empty? How far is it
navigable? For what is it famous? 526
How many states compose the United States of America? Name
the capital of the United States. The metropolis. . . . 624, 605, 549
What is the travel distance from Portland, Maine, to San Fran-
cisco? From New Orleans to Minneapolis? 863
Name the territories and the insular possessions of the United
States. Describe the Virgin Islands 624-625, 577
What state in the Union has the largest area? The greatest
population? 624-625
What two rivers unite to form the Ohio? How long is it? Tp
what city is it navigable? Betfween what states does it form
a boundary line? 650
What is the capital of the state in which you hve? The area?
State the origin and the meaning of its name 626-631, 624
Give the area of New York state. Is Pennsylvania larger or
smaller than New York? 624
For what is the city of New York especially noted? How does it
rank in size with the other cities of the world? In commerce? 549
What boroughs compose Greater New York? Mention at least
six points of interest in the city of New York 549
Describe the Brooklyn bridge. When was it built? Give some
facts about the statue of Liberty in New York harbor. 779, 539
Where is Hell Gate? Why was it so named? 536
117
Locate the Palisades and briefly describe them. What are the
highlands of the Hudson? ^ 833, 820
Where is the world's greatest railway terminal? Describe it 533
What is Wall street? How long is Broadway, New York city?
Describe Central park, New York city 846, 549, 806
Between what two cities does the Erie canal extend? What is
its length? What is meant by the term barge canal? 530
Where is Buffalo? What fort is located at Buffalo? What
are Buffalo's principal industries? 521
Where is Chautauqua lake? 807
Locate Pittsburg. Name its most important buildings. Its
two chief industries. Why is it called the iron city? 558
How far from New York is Philadelphia? 556-557
State some facts about Fairmount park, Philadelphia. About
Independence hall. Describe the city hall. How does
Philadelphia rank as a manufacturing city? 556-557
Describe briefly the city of Boston. What are some of the
most important points of interest in the city? 519
Mention some statues and monuments of historic interest in
Boston. Describe Faneuil haU. Locate Beacon HiU ... 519, 531, 802
How far from Boston was the battle of Lexington fought? Where
is Bunker HiU monument? 127, 519
What is the most valuable agricultural product of New York
state? Massachusetts? Pennsylvania? 648-649
Describe the site of Washington. For what purpose was it
laid out? Name the principal street 578, 834
Give a brief description of the capitol at Washington 578
Mention seven important government buildings in Washington.
Ten noted monuments 578-579
Where is the Washington monument located? For what pur-
pose was it erected? State its dimensions 579
How does Baltimore rank as a manufacturing and commercial city? 517
Where and what is Hampton Roads? Why is it famous? 818
Give the origin of the following names: Atlanta, Key West,
Mount Vernon, WheeUng, Wilkesbarre 800-847
Why is Cleveland called the forest city? How does it rank
with other cities of Ohio in regard to population? 526
For what is Indianapohs noted? 538
Locate Chicago. State the area of its public parks. Mention
its principal industries 524
What city of the United States ranks first in commerce? Second? . 549, 524
Name the principal pubhc buildings and points of interest in
Detroit. By whom was it founded? 529, 133
118
Compare the population of Buffalo, Cleveland, and Detroit.
Show the percentage of increase between 1900 and 1910. . 682
How does St. Louis rank as a manufacturing city? As a
commercial city? Name some points of interest 570-571
In what manufacture does Minneapolis lead all other cities? . . 544
Name the most important farm product of each of these states:
Iowa, Illinois, Minnesota, North Dakota 648-649
Give the popular names of the following states: Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, Vermont, Pennsylvania, New York. .850-851
From what did Buffalo get its name? How did the names
of Chicago, Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Detroit originate?. 804-811
Locate and describe the Mammoth cave 541
Into what quarters is New Orleans divided? How is it protected
from the waters of the Mississippi? 548-549
What state is known as the Hoosier state? The blue-grass
state? The buckeye state? The lone star state? The
panhandle state? 850-851
Where is the garden of the gods? Why is it so named? 816
Locate Denver. What is its altitude? Its chmate? 629
Where is Pike's peak? For whom was it named? Give its
height. How is the summit reached? 557-558
Where is the Grand canyon? Give four facts about it 533
Describe Yellowstone park. By whom is it owned? 580-581, 555
Locate and give history of Salt Lake City. Mention its chief
features 568
What is the most valuable product of Nevada? Colorado? CaU-
fomia? Name the chief copper producing states 648-649, 658
Give the location, commercial importance, and industries of
Seattle. Describe its shipping facilities 669
Where is Spokane situated? Of what is it the center? 570
Describe the situation of Portland, Oregon 559
Where is the Yosemite valley? Give a brief description of it. . . 581, 555
State some facts of interest about San Francisco, mentioning its
commercial rank, its harbor, its streets, its parks 568
State the travel distance from San Francisco to Chicago. To
New York. To Washington 863
Where is Los Angeles? Name its seaport 640
How is Oakland connected with San Francisco? Of what raU- "
roads is it the western terminus? 550
Name in order of size the ten largest cities in the United States. 582
What city in the United States is frequently referred to as Gotham?
The city of the golden gate? The city of spindles? The
monumental city? The crescent city? 817, 783
119
Which of the United States leads in the production of com?
Spring wheat? Hay? Potatoes? Wool? 648-649
■^Tiat is the travel distance from New York to Chicago? To
St. Louis? To Denver? 863
Name lour of the largest canals in the United States, and men-
tion the cities connected by them 653
Mention two states in which oranges are extensively grown.
Which state excels in the production of rice? 754, 648
Name the metropohs of each of the following states: New
York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Massachusetts, Missouri 624r-625
Name five of the leading cotton producing states and three of
the leading gold and silver producing states 648-649
Mention three states in which coal is mined. Four in which
abundant supphes of petroleum are found 655-656, 757
^Tiere is the present center of population of the United States?
How far west has it moved in the past fifty years?.. . .781-782
Give the boundaries of Alaska. Its capital. The principal
industry. Tell something of the mining industries 508
Locate Mt. McKinley. How does the height of Mt. McKinley
compare with other mountains of the United States?. . . 547
Mention the provinces of the Dominion of Canada. The capital.
The metropohs 621, 605, 546
^^^lat river divides Canada into eastern and western regions? 521
How does the climate of eastern Canada compare with that of
Europe? With that of southwestern Canada? 622
Mention four mineral products of Canada 522
Where does the Ottawa river rise? Into what does it empty?
Between what provinces does it form the boundary? 651
Locate Montreal. Describe the city. Why was it so named? . . 646, 830
Describe the Victoria bridge.' State its length 622, 546, 778-780
Give a short sketch of Ottawa — its location, important buildings,
chief commercial enterprise 551
What is the meaning of the name Toronto? Of what province
is Toronto the capital? 844, 575
For what is Quebec especially noted? Why is it often called the
Gibraltar of America? 562
Of what Ctoadian province is Halifax the capital? For what
is its harbor noted? What government station is maintained
at Halifax? 536
Name the terminals of the Canadian Pacific railroad 522
In what country is the Klondike gold region? What city is the
biisiness center of the Klondike? 622
In what part of Canada was gold discovered in 1910? 748
120
Name the greatest grain and timber market in America. The
greatest lumber market in the world 524, 521
Of what three natm-al divisions does Mexico consist? State its
extreme length and breadth. Mention its two highest
mountains 543
Give the area and population of Mexico. How many states does
it contain? How many territories? Name the six most
populous states 543
Explain the signification of the following names: Costa Rica,
Guatemala, Honduras 810-820
Give a brief description of the isthmus of Panama. How high
is Culebra pass? 553
Describe the repubhc of Panama. Give its dimensions. Its
capital. Upon what foundation is the city built? 553, 552
Describe the climate of Panama. Mention its staple crop. What
is the character of the interior forests? 553
What are the mineral resources of Panama? What is its chief export? 553
What is the Canal Zone? By whom is it controlled? 553
Give size and cost of the Panama canal. How much does it shorten
the sea route from New York to San Francisco? 553
Locate Porto Rico. Mention the capital. The metropoUs.
Describe the people. What are the exports? 559-560
State the area of Cuba. Name its capital. Its chief export.
A metal found in large quantities 527-528, 605
What portion of Cuba is mountainous? TeU something of the
cUmate of Cuba. The vegetation. The animal life 527-528
What is the meaning of the name Havana? Describe the city
and the harbor. Name the principal manufacture 536
Where is Mt. Pel6e? Describe the volcanic eruption of 1902. . . . 556
What are national parks? National monuments? Name and
locate ten of each 555
SOtfTH AMERICA
Compare the area of South America with that of North America. 852
Give a brief description of the Andes mountains. For what
are they celebrated? 509
Name three South American volcanoes. The highest mountain
on the American continent 577, 547
Give a concise account of the Amazon river. How long is it?
How wide at its mouth? What is the area drained by it? . . 509
In what country and in what mountains does the Orinoco rise?
What length of coast line is intersected by its mouths? 551
Where is the La Plata river? Give some interesting facts about
its waters. Name two cities on its banks 564
121
What portion of South America is occupied by Brazil? Compare
the area of Brazil with that of Europe 520, 604, 852
Mention two facts concerning the rivers and forests of Brazil. .
What are the valuable woods? The chief minerals? 520
Describe Rio de Janeiro 564
State the length, breadth, and area of Argentina. Mention the
four chief natural divisions of its surface. Name its highest
mountain. Give its principal exports 515
Where is Buenos Ayres? How does the city secure telegraphic
communication with North America? 520-521
Locate Chile. State its width. What is the climate? Give its
chief source of wealth. What metal is abundant? 525
Name the capital of Chile. Two other cities 525
In what country is Mt. Cotopaxi? For what is it noted? 527
From what South American country do most of the diamonds
of commerce come? Much of the platimma? 520, 526
Compare the wool product of South America with that of the
United States. Of Canada. Name two grains produced in
large quantities in South America 680
What is the origin or the meaning of the following: Argentina,
Brazil, Cape Horn, Chile, Patagonia, Peru? 800-834
EUBOPE
For what three features is the continent of Europe noteworthy? . . 531
Describe the chmate of Europe. Name its chief mountain
systems. What are, its principal rivers? 531
What grand division is separated from Europe by the Caspian sea?
By the Mediterranean? By the Caucasus mountains? .... 523, 543
What boundary is partly formed by the Ural mountains? What
minerals and precious stone s are found in the Urals? 576
Why is the Caspian sea noted? Why is navigation perilous? 523
Locate the Dardanelles. ' How wide is it? 528
Where are the Alps? Between what seas do they form a water-
shed? /. 608
Name four passes of the Alps. Tell something of the Simplon
pass. Name three lesser peaks of the Alps 508-509
Describe Mont Blanc. The Matterhom 545, 542
Define glacier. What are moraines? Name the largest glacier
in the world. The largest in Europe 533
Give a brief description of the river Rhine 563
In what forest does the Danube rise? Describe this river 528
What countries are separated by the EngUsh channel? 530
122
State the name applied to the United Kingdom, with its colonies
and dependencies. What countries compose the United
Kingdom? Name its capital 534-535, 605
What are the boundaries of England? State its area. Tell
something of the river Thames 530, 574
Describe the climate of England. Mention six cities 530
Briefly describe London. What is its rank? 540
Describe St. Paul's cathedral. Give a brief account of West-
minster abbey. What is the "poets' corner"? For what is
Westminster hall chiefly remarkable? 571, 579-580, 835
For what is each of these streets of London noted : Cheapside,
Maiden Lane, Mincing Lane, Paternoster Row, Piccadilly,
Regent street. Rotten Row, Scotland Yard, Whitechapel? . . 807-846
Where and what is Great Tom? Grosvenor square? Hyde park?
Mayfair? PaU Mall? Trafalgar square? 817-844
State three facts about the commerce of Liverpool and its ship-
ping facilities 540
Give a brief description of Wales. Tell something of the people.
Of the valuable minerals. Mention three maniifactures 577
Why are few points in Scotland more than forty miles from
the sea? How many islands does Scotland possess?. . . . 568-569
Name four chief cities of Scotland. Which is the capital?. . . .569, 529
Describe the situation of Edinburgh. Why is it called the modem
Athens? Mention three points of interest in the city . . 529-530
For what is Glasgow celebrated? 533
Describe the surface of Ireland. The climate. Why is Ireland
called the emerald isle? Why has the country few manu-
factures? 538
Where and what is the Giant's causeway? 533
On what land is DubHn built? Describe the city 529
What are the boundaries of France? What great commercial Sf
advantages does France possess because of its position?. . . 531
Compare the climate of France with that of other countries of
Europe. What product is a principal source of wealth? . . . . 531
Name the chief minerals of France. The principal manufactures.
For what is Sevres noted? St. Gobain? Amiens? 531-532
Name the great commercial cities of France. The finest ports. . 532
Describe Paris — its situation, quays, fortifications, streets,
«> boulevards, triumphal arches, principal public square . . 554, 800
What is the Champs Elysees? The Bois de Boulogne? The t^
Bois de Vincennes? 806, 803, 554
Briefly describe the cathedral of Notre Dame. What is the
Pantheon at Paris? The Louvre? 554-555, 826
123
How high is the Eiffel tower? By whom was it designed? 530, 430
Give some facts about Cherbourg, Marseilles, Rheims. For
what production is the vicinity of Rheims noted? 524-563
Why are the passes of the Pyrenees dangerous? 562
Give the boundaries of Spain. Describe the interior 570
To what country does Gibraltar belong? Where is it? Compare
it with other fortresses. Describe the strait of Gibraltar.533, 816
Name some of the principal minerals foimd in Spain. What
portionof Spain is covered by forests? Name some remark-
able trees. Mention five fruits grown in Spain 670
Compare Madrid with other European cities. Describe the city —
its gates, principal street, greatest building, royal museum . . 541
Name the most important manufacturing city in Spain 518
For what is the harbor of Lisbon distinguished? Why has
Lisbon no very old buildings? 640
Name the capital of France. Of Spain. \ Of Portugal '. . .604-605
Give the origin of the following names: Bordeaux, Havre,
Lisbon, Madrid, Portugal, Spain 803-842
Of how many provinces is Belgium composed? ^ Mention an
important fact concerning the farmers of Belgium 518
To whom is much of the coal of Belgixim sold? Name three
manufactures of Belgium. Where is each made? 518
How is Brussels often described? Name some noted bufldings. . . 620
For what is the cathedral at Antwerp celebrated? 610
Locate the Netherlands, or Holland. Mention six possessions of
HoUand 648
Describe the surface of Holland. How far below sea-level are
the lowest parts? For what two purposes are dikes used? . . . 648
On what foundation is Amsterdam built? Describe its mode of
defense. For what expert workmen is Amsterdam famous? 609
Describe Rotterdam. For what is the Hague celebrated? .... 567, 536
Name the capital of Belgium. Of the Netherlands. Compare
the areas of the two coimtries 604-605
What is the chief commercial city of the Netherlands? The
chief port? Mention the bhief port of Belgium 509, 567, 510
What is the Allee Verte? The Binnenhof? 798, 803
Name four countries bordering on the Baltic sea 517
Of how many states is the German empire composed? Name five . 632
Describe the surface of Germany. Where is the Black forest?. . . 532
Name two mountain ranges of Germany. Five rivers. Tell how
far south the Rhine freezes 632
In what agricultural products does Germany excel? Name
five principal seaports. Five commercial cities 532, 680
124
Of what empire is Prussia the principal state? Name three
important cities 561
Why is Berlin an important city? How does it rank with other
cities of Europe? What is "Unter den Linden"? 518, 845
Tell something about the cathedral at Cologne 526
Give three reasons for the importance of Hamburg 536
Describe Munich. Name its principal industries 547-548
What is the most famous institution in Dresden? 529
By whom was each of the following cities founded: Cologne,
Hamburg, Munich? 526-548, 830
Where is Oberammergau? For what is it celebrated? 550
For what is Aix-la-Chapelle noted? 798
Describe Denmark. Name four island possessions. Four seaports.
How .is internal communication carried on? 528-529
Trace the history of the name Copenhagen 809-810
Give the boundaries of Austria-Hungary. Its capital 517, 605
Tell something of the races and languages in Austria-Hungary . . . 517
Locate and briefly describe Vienna. For what is it noted? 577
Of what country is Budapest the capital? Contrast Buda and
Pe'st as to position and character 520
Compare Prague with Budapest. How did the name Prague
originate? 560, 520, 836
Where is Carlsbad? For what is it noted? Ischl? 523, 822
In the basin of what river does Rumania He? Describe the
cUmate. What is the chief occupation of the people? 567
Describe the surface of Switzerland. Are its rivers navigable?
Name five lakes 573-574
Why is Lake Lucerne so named? What is the hon of Lucerne?
Where is St. Bernard pass? Chillon? 808-838
Describe the shape of Italy and its climate. Name its boundaries.
Which province is called the garden of Italy? 538
What range of mountains intersects Italy? Describe Mt. Vesu-
vius. What cities have been destroyed by its eruptions?. .538, 576
Give a brief description of the river Po. Of the Tiber 558, 574
Where is Lake Maggiore? What island in it is renowned for its
beauty? 541
Describe Rome, mentioning the city gates, the finest streets, the
palaces and villas, the Vatican 565-567, 576
Compare St. Peter's cathedral with other churches 571-572
By what name is the Pantheon now known? Describe it briefly.
To what fact is the preservation of the Pantheon due? . . 566, 554
What cities does the Appian way connect? Where are the
most celebrated catacombs found? 800, 781
125
What is the Corso? The Porta Maggiore? The Quirinal?
Capitoline hill? 805-837
For what is the city of Naples noted? What does its name mean?
Where and what is Miseno? 548, 830, 544
Why are Capri and Pompeii interesting? Carrara? .... 623, 558, 806
Give a brief description of Milan 643-544
Describe the situation of Genoa. Why is its architecture celebrated? 532
In what respects does Florence excel most other cities of Europe?
Give an account of the Ponte Veochio 531, 835
Upon what foundation is Venice built? Tell something of the
palace of the doges. Locate the bridge of sighs 576
What is a campanile? Give the history of the campanile of St.
Mark. Of the basihca of St. Mark 576, 521, 828
Locate Pisa. How old is the city? Describe the leaning tower.568, 521
What is the Riviera? 665
By what strait is Sicily separated from Italy? When was this
region devastated by an earthquake? 638, 788
Describe Mt. Etna, mentioning its height, its. circumference,
the Ufe upon its slopes, and its most disastrous eruptions. . 530
Describe the coast of Norway. What mountains separate Norway
from Sweden? Name the plants of the mountain districts . . 550
Describe the surface of Norway. Name the chief industries of
the Norwegian people. Mention three cities of Norway.*. . 550
Into what three regions is Sweden divided? Describe the surface.
The cUmate. The domestic animals 573
What portion of Sweden is cultivated? With what countries
does Sweden carry on most of its trade? 573
Describe Stockholm. Of what does its commerce consist? 671
Give the area of Russia. Describe the ohmate, the soil, and the
surface of European Russia 667-568
Locate the Valdai lulls. Where does the Volga river rise? .... 568, 577
From what mountains does Russia secure most of her minerals?
In what part of Russia are there extensive petroleum wells? 568
How does Russia rank with other countries in extent, power,
and population? With what countries is most of the com-
merce carried on? 567-568
Mention five of the largest cities of Russia. Which are the capitals
of Russia? 567-568
Describe Petrograd — the river, the quay, the bridges, the fortress.
At what times is the city inundated? 572
Name five public buildings of Petrograd. Tell something of St.
Isaac's cathedral. Nevskii Prospekt? Tsarskoe Selo?
Cronstadt? 672, 831-844, 527
126
How far from Petrograd is Moscow? What part of Moscow does
the Kremlin occupy? Describe the great bell 547, 824, 777
Where is Warsaw? How is it connected with Praga? 577-578
Of what is Turkey in Europe composed? Describe the surface.
T\Tiat is the climate? 575-576
Name some attractions of Constantinople. Give its Turkish name.
Of what are the houses bmlt? Name two great buildings.
What is the golden gate? The subUme porte? 526, 817, 842
Mention three divisions of Greece. Describe the shores and the
surface. Mention six plants cultivated there 536
Mention the remains of ancient buildings in Athens 515-516
Name the capitals of Greece, Turkey, Norway, and Sweden. . . . 604-605
^Miat city is the greatest commercial port on the continent of
Europe? What European country exports large quantities
of vegetable seeds? 536, 548
Name the longest river in Europe. The highest mountain 564, 547
ASIA
Give the location and dimensions of Asia. What proportion of
the land surface of the globe does it occupy? 515
State the total population of Asia. What proportion of the
earth's inhabitants does it include? 515
Name ten great rivers of Asia. Which is longest? What four
world rivers exceed all those of Asia? Name the chief Asian
fresh-water lakes. 515, 564-565
Where are the Himalaya mountains? How high upon the
Himalayas is vegetation found? The highest himaan habi-
tation? Name three important peaks 536-537
Give the area of Siberia. Of what commercial value are the
river systems? WTiat is the soil of southern Siberia? 567-568
Omitting Arabia, of what does Turkey in Asia mainly consist? . . 576
Give a brief description of the Euphrates river. What is the
origin of its name? Why is the Tigris so called? 531, 814, 844
Where is Palestine? To what empire does it now belong? Name
the principal cities of Palestine. Describe Jerusalem 552, 539
Where is the Dead sea? Are its waters salt or fresh? Give the
level of its surface. What noted river empties into it? . . .'528, 539
Where is Mount Carmel? What does its name mean? Locate
the land of Canaan 523, 805
For what is Mecca celebrated? Give facts about Medina 542-543
With what countries and in what way is most of the commerce
of Persia carried on? Name a most important staple 555
Give the boundaries of India. Name five cities 537
127
What arc the Hindu btiliefs in regard to the (}anges7 632
For what is Calcutta chiefly noted? How docs it compare with
capitals of Europe? 621
Give a short description of Rangoon 662
Give a brief description of the Taj Mahal. In wliat country
is it? By whom was it built? 'I'l;!! HorrwitliinK of Hljuli
Jehan 57'!, 84:j, 487
Where and what is Mandalay? 'I'Ijo Punjab? (ioU-MixUi.'! (iive
the origin of Monihuy, ('aloutta, and Giiuuch m'.i-H'M)
Locate Ceylon. To what country docH it belong? Name five
native animals. l"'ivo food f>\:udn 624
Of what kingdom is Bangkok the oaiiital? DcHcrWio, Un: wallw
of Bangkok. The native houses. How in the inl.irrnal
traffic of the city carried on? riiJ-ttiB
What iH Singapore? Give the Kieaning of thi; na/rje , 841
How docs the area of Chirja coruii.ire with that of the whole of
Asia? What are the four divitjions of tlje ChinDse refiublii;?
State its'jpopuktion ri2!)
Give the location of the Yellow wta, and (ell why if, is ho namerl , . MO
Give the boundarieH of China jjrofjer. Naine the four priueipal
riverH. lJr;Heribe the Yan^-tKe-kiang !')2r,, Ml)
Where is the great wall of China? 'i'he iinuid canal?. , ,817, Tjiifj
What is the elirnate of Chifja? What are the principal apr/icijltural
products? 'i'he princifjal manufactiircH? 52.0
How is trade carried on by China with Uussia? Wiiih ICuropc
and America? , ,, , , r/i/j
Where and what is Port Arthur? !'j!'i'.t
Name five cities of China. DexiKuate the capital . , , fi'Zr)
Describe the construction of Peking. What is its population?. 5.j.';-.'jrj(J
By what two classfjs is Canl,«n irjhabited? How are they
8fjparat(;d? Give Home facts about tljf; str<--ets fj'/'Z
What are the chariicti:r)Htic featunaj of Shanghai? Why is it
an important city? Tjli'.*
Where and what is Horj(/;-Kong? for wliat in it notafjie? f/.^y
Name the four prinf:ipal islamls of .Japan. What n;imc have
the .Japamsii; given l/j their empin:? M/.i
Give the dimensions of .Nifipon. /Je,Hcribe the, cij.'ihIh, the Kurface,
and the climate of .(af^an. Why is the plant life v.aried?
Name some products of the north. 'I'he i^juth M',)
What agricultural prodiict m the chief food article of .Japan?
Of what is .Jajjaneiv; f;aper ma<lc? T/i!)
Name five principal citi<« of .Japan. l><-w;ribe Tokyo. What
is the Asakasa patroda? M',), r,7r,, WX)
}2H
Where is Osaka? Tell something of the castle of Osaka 551
Describe Yokohama- Nsino the principal exports and imports. 5S1
What can you s;iy of the wilcauic and earthquake destruction
of the ciiios of Japan? 'What and where is Fiiji-yama?. . .539, S16
AFRICA
.\t what point is the distance betweeji Europe and Al'rio;i lejvst?
How is .Vfrioa united to .\sia? 507
Whj- IS the Red sea remarkable? Gi\-e origin of its name 563, So7
By what st\i is the northem co;vst of .Africa w;»slie>.i? o07
Name in oi\l«r erf sL-te the four gn?at rivers of .-Vfrica o(>4-c>cvi, 5S1
Briefly dt>sorilie the Nile. What is its total length? 54i>-oo0. S31
Where is the Zambejti river? StAto the area of its basin. WTiere
are the Victoria kilis? Wluu .\iiieriean waterfall is rivaled
by the Victoria t;ir,s ' S47. oSl
Locate Lake Vutorki Ny;ra.T;-. .\lbert Nv,-m«;i o7i.>-o77
IVscribe the VTL'getation of .\lrio;>. Xame two animals jHvuUar
to Ai'rioa, Give an account of the n»C(^ foimd in Africa, . . o07
Xame two indepead«it governments existing in Africa. By
what Euittpean countries is ^v^st of Africa dominated?. .507-oOS
What are some of the ejqjorts of .\frioa? oOS
Where is Mor^xw? How dvx>s the climate e^vst of the Atlas
mountains differ from that on the west? 546
Of what country is .Algiers the capital? Why is it called the
silvw city? At what season is it a reson for English people? 50S
Xaiue three physical divisions of Egj-pt. Which is chiefly
cultivated? Give a reason for the fertility of the ddta. . . . 530
Dosvribe the climate of Egv-pt. Mention three native trees.
Three mineral dejwsns 530
Where is Oura? State the nationahtiess of its residents. 521
\M»ere are the pyniiiiids? Deiscribe them. By whom and for
what purpose wiere they built? Wher^ is Ghixdt? 5ol. 521
Describe the Sue* canal. What wiiters does it comieot? Xame
its terminal cities 373
How much IS the voyage frcHU Europe to India sivrteoed by the
^o.ei canal? Is the canal r".t>s<v. in time of war? 57o
t>f what two provinces is southern Rhodesia composed? What
territory is ineladtxi in northem Rhodesia? For whom is
Rhodesia named? What is the area of the cold fields ■;' . . .563-564
WTiat provir.ot^ fiwrn the Uivloti of South .\trica? In general,
what is the surface of the region? Irs climate? 570
Locate the province of Cape of Olood Ht^ie. WTiat is its most
'raluaUe nun»al? Name the chief extxirts 522
129
Where are the gold coast, Pompey's pillar, the pillars of Hercules?
For whom were Pietermaritzburg and Pretoria named?. 817-836
GENERAL QUESTIONS
When it is 12 o'clock noon according to eastern time in the
United States, what time is it according to central time?
Mountain time? Pacific time? j . 850
When it is 12 o'clock noon according 'to eastern time in the
United States, what time is it at London? At Berlin?
At St. Petersburg? 850
Name the five longest rivers in the world, and arrange them in
the order of their size ; 564^565
What is the travel distance by steamer from San Francisco to
Manila? New York to Suez? Montreal to Liverpool? . . . 864-865
Name in order of size the ten largest cities in the world 682
What places were destroyed by the three most disastrous earth-
quakes of the 18th century? Name five of the most destruc-
tive earthquakes of the 19th century. One of the 20th. . .786-788
Where is silver most abundant? Compare the silver mines of
America with those of Europe and Asia 765
How many miles would one travel by steamship in going from
Liverpool to Cape Town? Boston to Bermuda? New York
to Havi-e? 864-865
What country produces more wool than any other country in
the world? Potatoes? Beet sugar? Corn? Rice? 680
Compare the production of rye in the United States with that
of Russia 680
How does the production of wheat in the United States compare
with that of Russia? British India? France? Canada? . . . 680
Name the five largest lakes in the world. Which of the great lakes of
the world is the highest above sea-level? Which is the deepest? 539
State the travel distance by steamship from San Francisco to
Honolulu. New York to Liverpool. London to Mel-
bourne. New York to Rio de Janeiro 864-865
Which is the longest ship canal in the world? In Europe? 654
Name the largest island in the world. The highest mountain.
The longest river 516, 547, 564
What is the travel distance from Quebec to Vancouver? Toronto
to Muskoka? Boston to Halifax? Montreal to Winnipeg? . . 866
Name the highest volcano in the world. Mention three volcanoes
of South America. Three of North America. Where is Mauna
Loa? Teneriffe? Stromboh?. Elburz? KiUma-Njaro?
Kilauea? 577
GOVERNMENT— General
What country governs the largest number of people? Which
controls the greatest area? 604-605
Give the titles of the rulers of the United Kingdom, France, Egypt,
Persia, Turkey, China 605
In whom is the executive power of the British empire vested?
What body exercises complete legislative power? 590
Name the two houses of the British parliament. How long does a
parUament last? How often do its members meet? 590
How do the members of the British house of lords acquire their
office? How many members are there? 590
How many members constitute the British house of commons?
How are they chosen? 590
State some changes mad'e in the British constitution in 1911 . . . 590
Of what officers does the cabinet of Great Britain consist? 590
Outhne the local government of Scotland 622
Give the title and the duties of the chief executive of Ireland. . . . 606
Name three classes of colonies belonging to the British empire.
Explain how their forms of government differ 590
Mention a British crown colony in Asia. In Africa. In Europe. . 534
Name two British possessions which have representative govern-
ment. Two having responsible government 534
How is Gibraltar governed? The Bermudas? New Zealand?
Zanzibar? 534, 590, 614, 642
Name the chief executive of Canada 534, 591
Name the houses of the Canadian parliament. What are the
salaries of the members? 591
Give three qualifications required of the Canadian senator. What
is his term of office? 591
By whom is the governor-general of Canada appointed? State
his term of office and salary. The premier's salary 691-592
Name the heads of departments by whom the governor-general
of Canada is assisted 591-592
OutUne the local government throughout the Dominion of Canada.
Od what models are the courts based? 592
Which British cabinet officer has charge of the administration
of the affairs of India? How long does the viceroy hold
office? What salary does he receive? 606
Give in full the official title of the ruler of the British
empire. 590
What important positions under the British government have
been held by the following: Sir Robert Peel, Disraeli, Glad-
stone, Marquis of Salisbury, Earl of Rosebery, A. J. Balfour,
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, H. H. Asquith? 400-485
For what service in the government of Great Britain is John
Morley noted? Joseph Chamberlain? James Bryce? David
Lloyd-George? Cecil Arthur Spring-Rice? 412-490
With what country is the name of Edmund Burke associated?
Daniel O'Connell? John Dillon?. 413-472
Upon what decree is the constitution of the German empire
based? What are the prerogatives of the German emperor?
By whom may government officials be dismissed? 602
Name the two legislative bodies of Germany. Of how many
members does each consist? : 602
How was Wilhehn I chosen emperor of Germany? Give date. 602
Name the imperial secretaries through whom the government
of the German empire is administered 602-603
Describe the government of Austria-Hungary. In what matters
are the governments of Austria and Hungary separately
conducted? In what matters imited? 589
Where do the lawmaking bodies of Austria-Hungary meet? 589
What kind of monarchy existed in Russia previous to 1917?
What form of government was first substituted for it?. . . . 621
When was the Russian duma created? State the term of office
and the salary of the members 621
Compare the Russian council of the empire with the duma. Could
either body pass a measure rejected by the emperor? 621
What was the ruling senate, of Russia? The holy synod? 622
What was an avowed object of the revolution of 1917? 622
Name the divisions of the legislature of France. Who elects the
president of France? What is his salary? 602
State the number of members in the senate of Italy. How long
do they serve? What power has the king over the chamber
of deputies? What compensation do legislators receive?. . . . 607
Describe the body known in Spain as the cortes. In what year
did Spain make military service compulsory? 623
What form of government does Portugal now have? How
often may the constitution be revised? 617
Why is Belgium called a neutral power? How is failure to vote
treated? How many votes may one person cast? 589
State the property qualification for membership in the upper
house of the states general of the Netherlands 612
What form of government was proclaimed for Bulgaria in 1908? 590
132
What is the Norwegian storthing? How may the king's veto
be overridden? 615
In what matters has the king of Sweden legislative power?
Who may impose taxes? B32
Give an outUne of the manner in which Denmark is governed . 601
By the constitution of 1864 who controlled the legislative power
of Greece? What change was made in 1911? 603
Of how many cantons is Switzerland composed? What powers
have the Swiss people under the "initiative"? What official
serves as chief executive of Switzerland? 632
By what code are the powers of the sultan of Turkey restricted?
What authority has the grand vizier? 632
What income must a senator have in Rumania? Describe the
three classes of voters. 620-621
What form of government has Montenegro? Servia? 611, 622
Where is Monaco? How is it governed? 611
Name the form of government in China. When was it established?
What officers are included in the cabinet? 593
What is the standard of currency in China? The German
empire? Japan? '. 604
By what instrument are the powers of the ruler of Japan modified?
How many legislative houses has Japan? Of whom is
the house of peers composed? 607
What is the relation of Korea to Japan? 599
In what year was the first national council established m Persia?
What powers has it? 617
How is Afghanistan divided politically? Describe the govern-
ment of the provinces. Give the title of the ruler 585
Name some provisions of the treaty confirmed in 1905 between
Afghanistan and Great Britain 685
Give the population of Siam. How is it governed? When
does the legislative councU meet? 604, 623
Name two European countries controlling more than half of
Africa. By what country is Egypt governed? The Union
of South Africa? Tripoh? 508
How does the power of the ruler of Morocco differ from that of
the sultan of Turkey? Name the ministers. When are
they consulted? 611-612
What form of government has Liberia? By whom is it peopled?
After what is its constitution modeled? 608
Into how many states is Mexico divided? Of whom is the congress
composed? Who may vote for legislators? How is a vacancy
in the office of^president to be filled? 609
When was the republic of Panama constituted? For how long a
term is the president elected? 616
Upon what conditions was the government of Cuba transferred
from the United States to the Cuban people? 599
How many coahng stations does the United States maintain
in Cuba? At what annual cost? 599
How is Hayti governed? 603
Where is Santo Domingo? What relation has its government
to that of the United States? 601
What form of government has Colombia? What provision is
made for -vacancy in the office of ruler? 593
Who may vote in Bohvia? In Chile? In Ecuador? 589-601
How and on what date is the president of Chile elected? 592
What is the government of Brazil? How are the senators
elected? '. ' 589-590
For how long is the president of Argentina elected? 585
What are the quahfications for the office of president of Vene-
zuela? Can he succeed himself? 641
How long has Peru been a repubhc? Give details of its govern-
ment. How many vice-presidents has it? State their salary. 617
How many central American states are there? Name them.
How are they governed? 604-605
Of whom does the permanent com-t of arbitration at the Hague
consist? What cases are referred to the Hague tribunal?. . . . 603
State the size of the United States army on April 1, 1917. To
about what number did it increase during the first year of the
war against Germany? What three main divisions were con-
soUdated to form the United States army? 775
Of how many officers and men does a regiment consist? A rifle
company? An infantry division?.* 775
State the nvunber of national army cantonments estabhshed during
the first year of the war with Germany. The number of
national guard camps 776
How many men joined the United States navy during the first
year of war with Germany? What remarkable naval appro-
priations were made? Compare with earUer appropriations. 776
Name the departments of the United States navy. Locate the
navy yards and naval stations 776
What officer in the navy corresponds in rank to a general in the
army? To a colonel? To a captain? 776
For how long a term is the president of France ck^i^ted? f)f
Argentina? Of Chile? Of Switzerland? 585-032
Give the form of guvernment of Bohvia, Japan, Persia 589-017
134
CIVICS
On what is the govc'innicnl of llic United States bused?.,.. C32
NiiMie six objeets of I lie eonstitiition of the United States... 594
How many miiendnients to I lie (constitution have been made?
What persons are citizens according to the 14th amendment?
What is the 15th amendment? 597-599
By what name is (he Kith anieiidinent, to the constitution known? 599
Name three depnrdiuails of the government of the United States. 633
Of what does the legislative department consist? 633
How many seivators are elected from each state? Of how many
lueinbers is (he United S(.a(es seiia(e composed? 633, 624
By whom are Uni(e(l S(a(es senadirs elec(e(l? Which amendment
(.1) the eons(i(ulii)n provides for (heir election? 633,599
State (he term of odiee of a llnited States senator. His salary. Who
is eligible to this office? Who ae(s as president of (he senate? 633
Who presides over (he sena(e when it si(s as a court of impeach-
ment for (he (rial of the president of the United States?. . . 635
What provision is made in the 14th amendment for the apportion-
ment of represenlatives? How many members constitute
the present house of represent a(ives? 598, 633
By whom and for how long a (erm is a member of the house of
representatives elected? Name three qualifications 633
State the powera of the house of representatives. Compare
with (he powers of (he sonale 634, 633
What is (he salary of a member of the house of representatives?
Of the speaker? 634
What is (he congress of the United Slates? What is the term
of each congress? Name its general legislative powers 634
On what date does the regular annual session of congress begin?
Who has (he power of calling special sessions? 634
Who is the chief (Executive of the United States? 633
How old must (he candidate for president be? How long a
resident of the United States? Mention a third qualification. 634
When ai'e state presidential electors chosen? To how many
electors is each sta(e entitled? 634, 633
When and where do the state electors meet to vote for president?
To whom must they submit certificates for their vote? . . 634
When and by whom are the votes of the state electors counted? 634
In case there is no choice by the state electors, by whom and
how ia the president of the United States then elected? . . . 634
13S
What is the term of office of the president? What is his salary? 634
Name the powers and duties of the president 634
When do acts of congress become laws? How many days are
allowed the president in which to sign or veto any act? Can
an act become a law after being vetoed by the president? . . 635
How is the vice-president of the United States elected? In case
there is no choice by the state electors, by whom and how
is the vice-president chosen? ; 634
In case of death or removal from office of both president and
vice-president, who would become president? 634-635
Name the ten divisions of the executive department of the govern-
ment. How are the cabinet officers chosen? 635
In what bodies is the judicial power of the United States vested? 633 •
By whom are justices of the United States courts chosen?
For how long a term? 635
Of how many members is the United States supreme court com-
posed? State their salaries 635
When does the supreme court convene? In what cases does it
have original jurisdiction? Appellate jurisdiction? 635
Name the chief-justice and the associate judges who constitute
the supreme court. Who was the first chief-justice? 640
Name five kinds of inferior courts of the United States. In
what cases do these inferior courts have jurisdiction?. . .635-636
When and for what purpose were the United States circuit courts
of appeals organized? Of whom is each composed? 635
How many judicial districts of the United States district courts
are there? 635
What is the jurisdiction of the court of claims? The court of
customs appeals? The commerce court? 636
OutUne the duties of the secretary of state. Of the secretary
of the treasury 636
What matters are in charge of the secretary of war? Name an
institution under his supervision 637
Of what department is the attorney-general the head? 637-638
In what year was the postmaster-general first considered a cabinet
officer? State his duties 639, 638
What matters are imder the supervision of the department of
the interior? When was this department created? 638
Explain the nature of the business under the supervision of the
secretary of agriculture. Of commerce. Of labor 639-640
Name the present cabinet officers 636-640
When was the parcel post system provided for by congress?
Who was postmaster-general at that time? 848, 639
136
What cabinet positions were held by the following; George
Bancroft, Jefferson Davis, U. S. Grant, Carl Schurz, Daniel
Webster? For what was each distinguished? . . . .636-639, 403-499
Who is the present speaker of the house of representatives?
How long was Joseph G. Cannon speaker? 640, 415
Who is commander-in-chief of the army and the navy? 634
Name three men each of whom has on three occasions been a
candidate for the presidency of the United States. State
the political parties represented by them 618-620
Which president received the largest popular vote? The largest
electoral vote? 618-620
Compare the popular vote of the following candidates for presi-
dent in 1912: Woodrow Wilson, Wm. H. Taft, Theodore
Koosevelt. For Woodrow Wilson and Chas. E. Hughes in 1916. 620
Name in order the three states having the largest number of
electoral votes. How many has your state? What is its
voting population? 626-631
What is the voting population of the state of New York? 628-629
Compare the voting population of California with that of Missouri.
Of Florida with that of Georgia 626-629
What previous residence is required in your state, county,
town, and precinct in order to be eligible to vote? 626-631
What are the requirements as to citizenship of voters in your
state? What persons are not allowed to vote in your state? . 626-631
In which states have women full suffrage? 633, 626-627
Mention two states in which the voter must be able to read. 626-631
Give the salary of your governor. His term of office 626-631
The governor of which state receives the largest salary? Which
has the shortest term of office? 626-631
How many years immediately preceding the election must a
candidate for governor of Massachusetts have resided in
the state? Of New York? 609, 613-614
Mention three states in which the governor is not eligible for
election for the next succeeding term 610, 613, 616
How often does the legislature of your state meet in regular
session? What is the term of office of the members? 626-631
Is there a limit to the length of the regular session of the legisla-
ture in your state? If so, what?. , 626-631
For how long a term are state senators elected in your state?
Members of the lower house of the legislature? What sala-
ries do they receive? 626-631
By what name is the legislature of Colorado known? Louisiana?
Massachusetts? 593, 608, 609
137
What is the age qualification for a member of the New York legis-
lature? Of South Dakota? 614, 623
In what year did Oregon adopt the initiative and referendum?
Explain what these terms mean 616
tn what year was the initiative and referendum adopted by
Arkansas? By Cahfomia? 585, 591
State some changes made in the constitutions of the following
states in 1912: Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, Washington 612-642
What pubUc officials are subject to recall in Arizona? CaH-
fornia? Colorado? 585-593
What officials are not subject to recall in Washington? Idaho? . . 642, 603
In what respects is the constitution of Oklahoma notable?. . . 615
How may the constitution of Cahfornia be amended? Of Pennsyl-
vania? Of Tennessee? 591, 616, 632
By whom are the laws for the District of Columbia made? How
do the officials obtain their offices? 601
State one fact concerning suffrage in the District of Columbia. 630
For how long a term and by whom are territorial governors
appointed? How many delegates to congress has each
territory? Do the delegates have the right to vote? 633
What city is the seat of government in Alaska? 508
Does Hawaii have a legislature? 633
Explain how a territory becomes a state 633
Do untaxed Indians have the right to vote? 633, 626-631
Who has authority to declare war? To grant pardons for offenses
against the United States? To estabhsh post offices? 634
Name three cabinet members who cannot succeed to the presi-
dency in case of vacancy. Give the reason 634-635
Where must a crime against the United States be tried? 635
By whom was the date of inauguration day fixed? 794.
What is the unit of local government in New England? In
the South? In the western states? 633
For what is each of the following names well known: John
Barrett, David J. Brewer, WiUiam Jennings Bryan, Joseph
H. Choate, John Watson Foster, John Hay, Philander C.
Knox, Whitelaw Reid, Ehhu Root, Andrew D. White? .. 403-501
State one distinguishing fact about each of these: Augustus
Octavius Bacon, Champ Clark, Henry Cabot Lodge, Serene
E. Payne, Thomas B. Reed, Oscar W. Underwood .... 402-496
Tell something of each of the following: Albert J. Beveridge,
Joseph W. Folk, J. Frank Hanly, Charles E. Hughes, Hiram
W. Johnson, Martin Augustine Knapp, Thomas R. Marshall,
Benjamin R. Tilhnan 406-494
138
INDUSTEY— INVENTION— COMMEECB
Name in order of the gross value of their products the three
greatest industries of the United States. . . , 661-662
Which industry of the United States has the most estabhshments?
The greatest number of employees? 661-662
Is iron found in a pure state? Name three iron ores 672, 673
What is cast iron? Pig iron? Which of the United States pro-
duces the most pig iron? Which country of the world? 673
Explain two processes of making steel from cast iron. When and
by whom was each process invented? 673, 668, 670
State the effect of the introduction of the Bessemer process upon
the iron and steel trade. When was this process introduced
into the United States by Andrew Carnegie? 406, 416
Name the country producing the most steel. What is the value
of the iron and steel exported by the United States? 673, 662
Name the inventor of the open-hearth steel process. Of nickel
steel '. .671, 672
How does malleable iron differ from steel? What are the proper-
ties of malleable iron? 672-673
Give the meaning of the term cutlery. From what metal are
razors made? How are they tempered? How hardened?. . 660
Give the forest area of the United States. State the amount of
timber taken annually from the forests, and its value. Give
the annual value of the wood product .660-661
Compare the number of persons in the United States employed in
making bread and other bakery products with those manu-
facturing tobacco 661-662
How does the making of flour and other grist miU products rank
among the industries of the United States? 661
Name the most valuable export of the United States. The m'ost
valuable import 662-663
Describe the cotton plant. In what latitudes does it thrive?
Mention three species, and tell in what countries each grows.658-659
Distinguish two varieties of cotton cultivated in the United States.
Which forms the bulk of American cotton? 659
When was sea island cotton introduced into the United States?
From what place? In what two states is it cultivated?. . 659
During what months is the cotton crop of the United States
harvested? Name two uses of cotton seeds 659
Give the steps in the manufacture of coitton yam 659
139
By whom and when was the spinning-jenny invented? The
water frame? The mule spinner? The power loom? The
cotton gin? The roimd bale cotton press? 659, 668-672
Give some facts about Richard Arkwright, Edmund Cartwright,
Samuel Crompton, J. M. Jacquard, Eli Whitney 399-501
How does the United States rank as a wool producing country?
Which is greater — ^its export of wool or its import? . . 680, 662-663
Of what does coal mainly consist? How was it formed? Mention
three varieties of coal in common use. What is lignite?. . . 655
Give the area of the coal fields of the United States. Of China
and Japan : 655
How many of the United States produce anthracite coal? Bitumi-
nous coal? 655-656
State the approximate value of the annual coal export of the
United States 662
How is coke obtained? Coal tar? Mention seven coal-tar
products 658, 656
When was the miner's safety lamp invented? Tell something of
the inventor 669, 425
Mention five leading agricultural products of the United States.
Name the state excelling in each 648-649
What kind of plow was invented in 1784? When and by whom
were the following invented: grain threshing-machine,
"McCormick" reaper, sulky plow, grain-binder, self-binding
reaper, rotary disk cultivator, automatic grain-binder,
steam plow, electric plow, automobile mower? 668-672
Of which orchard fruits has the United States the largest yield?
What is the value of the grape crop? 650
Name four countries of Europe in which making su^ar from
the beet is an important industry 734-735
What is meant by adulteration? State the chief objects of
adulteration. In what manner are butter, cheese, milk, lard,
cocoa, coffee, spices, honey, and vinegar adulterated? 645
In what century and where was paper invented? When was
the first paper miU built in America? 62, 668
In what year was Hoe's lightning press invented? State its
speed. Who invented the Hnotype machine? 670, 672
Mention the principal achievements of Johann Gutenberg,
Robert Hoe, Ottmar Mergenthaler 441-465
How does the printing and pubhshing business of the United
States rank as an industry? 661
Of what is printer's type made? What is a font? In EngUsh,
which letter occurs most frequently? 678-679
140
By whom was the first steaibboat in the United States built?
- The first steam road wagon? When was the first successful
steamboat built in Europe? 668, 88
Name the builder of the first steamboat to navigate the Hudson.
Of the first to make a trip to sea. Name the first sea-going
ironclad war vessel. The first steamship to cross the
Atlantic 668-670, 88
When was the first oil-burning steamship built? The first
electric locomotive? 672
What keeps a locomotive on the track? What kind of iron is
used for rails? 674
Name the inventor of the automatic air brake. The automatic
car coupler. The sleeping car 671, 670
Tell something of the following men and their inventions : Denis ,
Papin, James Watt, Robert Fulton, George Stephenson,
John Ericsson, George Westinghouse 431-500
When and by whom was the cable car invented? When was the
first standard electric railway in the United States bmlt?. . 670, 672
Name the inventor of the hghtning conductor. The electric
battery. The storage battery 668, 671
Who invented the telegraph? Give date of first message sent.
Where was the first commercial telegraph bmlt? 670, 675-676
Give a brief description of the apparatus for telegraphic com-
munication. What system of telegraphy is most exten-
sively used? 675
Name the inventor of the wireless telegraph. Mention three
methods of wireless telegraphy 676
By whom and when was the telephone invented? Explain its
working. Is the voice carried over the wire? 671, 676-677
In what year was the wireless telephone invented? The tung-
sten electric Ught? 672
Give a brief account of the Mves and inventions of Marconi,
Morse, Tesla, Volta 462-497
Explain the telescope and its use. By whom were the first telescopes
made? Name two of the largest refractors in the world. . . 677-678
When was the daguerreotype invented? Color photography? . .669, 672
Name four kinds of clay used for various industrial purposes.
For what is fire clay used? Who was Bernard Pahssy? . . 655, 473
What improvement did Fahrenheit make in the thermometer?
Name* an invention made by Torricelli. When and in what
country did each live? 432,668, 495
What invention by Daimler led to the development of the motor
car or automobile? 651
141
Give figures showing the remarkable growth of the automobile
industry in the United States. How many motor vehicles
were manufactured in 1917? For how many did the industry
provide a Hvelihood? : . . . .651-652
Mention noted aeroplane flights made in Europe and America.
What is the hydro-aeroplane? 646, 672
Give some facts about the inventions and achievements of the
Wright brothers, Santos-Dumont, Glenn H. Curtiss. . .424^504, 672
When and by whom was the phonograph invented? The kinet-
oscope? The kinetophone? 671-672
Give brief sketches of the Uves of Alexander Graham Bell and
Thomas A. Edison 405, 429
Name two countries in which canals were in use in remote times.
Explain the workings of the lock system : 652-653
By whom were friction matches invented? Safety matches?
The revolver? Smokeless gunpowder? 669-671
For what line of invention and its development are Colt, GatKng,
and Krupp noted? 421-454
With what European country is the commerce of the United
States greatest? 663-664
Name three European countries whose imports exceed their exports. 663
Compare the total value of the exports of the United States "
with the total value of the imports 662-663
Name some metals that have been used for making coins 656
What metal is commonly used as an aUoy? What proportion
of alloy is used in the United States? In Great Britain? . . 656
State the value of the franc in United States money. Of the
mark. Of the yen. Of the pound sterhng 657
State the value in United States money of a peso of each of the
following countries : Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Uruguay .... 657
When was the present system of national banks established?
State the minimum capital required in towns of different sizes . 652
TeU something of the required deposit of bonds and the issue of
circulating notes of national banks 652
Give the provisions of the currency law of 1913 652
What is a clearing house? 655
Define interest. Why is interest high when profits are high?
What is the legal rate of interest in your state? 665-666
In how many years does a note become outlawed in your state?
A judgment? 667
Associate each of the following with some branch of industrial
or commercial life: Henry Clews, Marshall Field, Henry
C. Frick, James J. Hill, J.P.Morgan, Henry Phipps 420-476
142
SCIENCE— EDUCATION— FINE ARTS
Define science. Distinguish between theoretical and practical
science 722
Name six abstract sciences. Of what does. each treat? Mention
four concrete sciences 722-723
To what does mathematics relate? 722
What is meant by dynamics? Statics? The law of continuity?
Cosmogony? 710, 707, 708
Name nine subjects included in physics 723
What is the sun? Tell its diameter, its density, its mass, its
inclination, its movement 725
State theories of the constitution of the sun, the nature of its
envelopes and spots 725
How far away are the stars? Classify them 724-725
What are constellations? Name five 707
TeU something of asteroids. Aerolites. Comets 687, 683^ 706
Mention a discovery made or a theory advanced by Copernicus,
Galileo, Kepler, Laplace, Gauss, Barnard 403-455
Define acoustics. Upon what does the transmission of sound
depend? 683
State the difference between a noise and a musical sound. Upon
what does the pitch of a tone depend? 683
Does sound travel faster through air or through water? 683
How fast does hght travel? How is its intensity affected by
the distance of the luminous object? 714-715
Upon what does the color of an object depend? Name the
primary colors. What are complementary' colors? 705
Explain the process of color photography. 705
What is contractile force? Why is a tire heated before it is
placed on a wheel? 707
Define horse power. How may the horse power of an engine
be determined? 713-714
Explain the phenomena of capillary action 689-690
What is meant by convection? Which heats more quickly —
gas or liquid? Why can a fire be built on the ice? 708
What is meant by correlation of physical forces? 708
Discuss the nature of electricity. Define conductor, non-con-
ductor, insulation. Name the best conductors 710, 706
State the difference between a motor and a dynamo. How
may a dynamo be used as a motor? 710-711
113
When and by whom was the electric current first converted into
mechanical rnotion? 669, 432
Trace the course of the electric current employed in running a
trolley car. When and by whom was the contact device
for the trolley invented? 711, 672
Tell the principle of the incandescent light. The arc light 711-712
By whom and when was the first incandescent lamp invented?
The carbon filament for the electric lamp? 669, 671
Why is the air removed from the bulb of the incandescent electric
hght? . 711
How are X-rays obtained? Name the discoverer 726, 672
State the progress along scientific lines made by Galvani, Ampere,
Ohm, Joseph Henry, Joule, Faraday, Sir Wm. Thomson,
Sir Wm. Crookes, Roentgen, EUhu Thomson 397-494
What is distiUation? 709
What three discoveries did the alchemists seek? Name a modem
science developed largely from alchemy 684
Define chemistry. What are compounds? Elements? What is
chemical affinity? 692
Name and explain three classes of chemical changes. Upon
what conditions do chemical changes depend? 692-693
State the composition of water. What does atomic weight mean?
Give the atomic weight of oxygen. Of hydrogen 693, 694
Define atom. Explain the atomic theory. State its three laws. 687
Name an element found in all organic bodies. Name five carbon
compomids. What is the purest form of carbon? State its
atomic weight. Its specific gravity 693, 690, 694
Explain the process of combustion. What is spontaneous com-
bustion? How does it usually take place? 705-706
What is radium? By whom was it discovered? 674
Who discovered oxygen? When? What is ozone? 694, 719
How is liquid air obtained? How is it used? 715
What are acids? Why is the term indefinite? 683
Give the melting point of aluminium, iron, carbon 694
What is the common name of oxaKc acid? Copper sulphate?
Calcium oxide? Sodium chloride? 782
Of what is albumen composed? Name one abundant form 684
What is biology? Name its divisions 723
Of what does the skeleton of mammalia consist? 724
Name and describe the two layers of which the skin is composed.
State its functions 724
Describe the process of respiration in man. State its object.
Describe the structure of the lungs 722, 715
114
Of what does blood consist? Describe two kinds of corpuscles in
the blood of man 688-689
Describe the chambers of the heart. Mention the valves.
Name the movements of the heart 713
What are arteries? Name the largest artery. Distinguish
between arterial and venous blood. Trace the course of the
blood through the circulation 686, 685, 696
Name the digestive organs. Describe the process of digestion.
What is the alimentary canal? 709, 684-685
Of what does the nervous system consist? Name the principal
parts of the brain. Give the number of cranial nerves. Of
spinal nerves. At what speed is nervous energy transmitted?
Is it identical with electricity? 689
When was ether first used as an anaesthetic? Chloroform? 670
Who invented the ophthalmoscope? The puknotor? What are
they? 670, 444, 672
Mention some diseases caused by bacteria. By whom and when
was the typhoid bacillus isolated? Tuberculosis? Diph-
theria? Lockjaw? 730, 671-672
For what scientific progress is BerzeHus noted? Lavoisier?
Liebig? Pasteur? Dewar? Tripler? Harvey W. Wiley?. 406-501
What 'has each of these contributed to medical progress or medical
literature : Galen, Harvey, Jenner, Koch, Osier, Loeb, Carrel? . 416-472
Of what does psychology treat? What theories have been
advanced to accoimt for dreams? 723, 710
Mention some of the writings of Lotze, Wm. James, Royce,
Baldwin, Miinsterberg, Meyer 402-483
What is mechanical engineering? Electrical? Marine? 712
Tell something of John Rennie, John A. Roeblrng, John Hays
Hammond 442-481
What country has the greatest percentage of illiteracy? 714
Which country expends the most per capita for higher education? 788
Mention some ancient hbraries. Which was most noted? Name
the six greatest modem libraries 714, 684
Where and what is the Smithsonian institution? Cooper union?
Carnegie institution? 724, 708, 690
Where is Amherst coUege? Brown? Yale? WeUesley? 698-704
What educational work was accomplished by Pestalozzi? Froebel?
476,435
For what is Charles William Eliot noted? Goldwin Smith?
David Starr Jordan? Arthur T. Hadley? Abbott Law-
rence Lowell? 430-488
Mention one work by Phidias. One by Praxiteles 476, 478
145
Name some works of the following sculptors: Canova, Thor-
waldsen, Crawford, Harriet Hosmer, Rodin, St. Gaudens,
French, Borglum, Niehaus, Partridge 410-494
What influence upon art was exerted by Cimabue? Giotto?
Correggio? 420-437
For what was Michaelangelo celebrated? Da Vinci? Titian?
Raphael? Guido Reni? Bernini? 397-497
Name some masterpieces of Rubens, Van Dyck, Rembrandt,
Murillo 469-496
Characterize the work of Velasquez, Ruysdaal, Gainpsborough,
Rejmolds, Romney, Turner, Bume-Jones 413-496
Tell something of West, Stuart, TrumbuU 491-500
Name some pictures by Sully, Boughton, Whistler, Blashfield,
Abbey, Sargent 393-500
For what is Rosa Bonheur famous? Corot? Meissonier?
Bouguereau? Dore? 409-465
Tell something of the work of Christy, Davenport, Fisher,
Gibson, Peimell, Pyle, Remington 419-480
For what is the gallery at Dresden famous? At Brussels? The
Berlin museum? The Antwerp cathedral? 510-529
Who first reduced music to system? When was composition
in harmony first introduced? 718-719
Tell something of Handel, Bach, Haydn, Mozart, Cherubim,
Beethoven, Rossini and Mendelssohn 402-483
For what is Liszt celebrated? Dudley Buck? Paderewski?
Richard Strauss? 412-491
Mention one composition by each: Wagner, Gounod, Brahms,
Balfe 402-497
Tell something of the lives of Jenny Lind, Patti, Nordica, Melba,
De Gogorza, Caruso, Tetrazzini 416-494
State the distinctive features of Egyptian architecture 511
When did Greek architecture flourish? Characterize it 511-512
Name two orders of Roman architecture. Three of Greek. . . .512, 511
Name the features of Byzantine architecture. Of Saracenic. . . 512
Who originated the Gothic style? Name its essential element. . 512
Of what style is the cathedral at Cologne? The mosque of St.
Sophia? Saint Chapelle, Paris? 526, 669, 554
Describe St. Peter's cathedral. Name its style. Its architect. 571-572
Describe the capitol at Washington. State the style of the
treasury and pension buildings. The patent office. The
congressional library 578-579
Tell something of Sir Christopher Wren. Of Walter, Pelz, McKim,
Carrfere, and Lewis Nixon 416-503
146
NATURAL raSTORT
What are sponges? Where do they come from? 766
Where are barnacles foimd? What are they? 732
Name the parts of a lobster's body. Compare the lobster and
the crab. Where are the crab's teeth? 750, 742
Describe the scorpion. The spider. How many legs has a
spider? What is a tarantula? 763, 766
Explain fuUy the structure of insects. What is meant by meta-
morphosis? 749
What are mining bees? Carpenter bees? Honey bees? Where
do bumble bees lay their eggs? 734
Describe the population of a beehive. How is it governed?
How are the workers distinguished? Which bees hum?
Which sting? 784
How is honey made? Bee bread? Wax? Describe the develop-
ment of the young bee 734
To what order do bees, ants, and wasps belong? 734
Of what and how do wasps make their nests? 769
Tell something of the habits of ants 729
Describe the silkworm, its food, and its cocoon. To what
country is it native? 765
Give the life history of a butterfly. What is a chrysalis? . . . 738, 696
How are moths distinguished from butterflies? 753
How does a fly walk on the ceihng? How long does it take' a
fly to grow up? What diseases are transferred by flies?. 746
Give the history and habits of the boll-weevU 737
Describe a land snail. Name the edible snail. Where do snails
lay their eggs? What is conchology? 765, 706
Describe the habitation and the growth of the oyster 755
Describe the starfish. Where is it found? 766-767
Briefly describe a fish. How does it breathe? What is its chief
organ of progression? TeU something of the fishes in
Mammoth cave 745, '541
Where is the bony pike found? Describe it 737
How large is a shark? Mention three species. Do sharks have
teeth? 764
How does a flying-fish fly? 746
In what water does the salmon live? State its size. Its color.
Describe the different stages of its life 763
To what size does the bass grow? The bluefish? 732, 736
147
Describe the flounder. The porgy. The shad 746-764
Mention four animals classified as reptiles. In what respects are
reptiles and birds aUke? Why are reptiles cold-blooded? . . 762
Distinguish between turtles and tortoises. Have the turtle's
eggs hard or soft shells? Where are they laid? 769
Where are the boa-constrictor and the python found? How do
they secure their food? 737, 761
Briefly describe the crocodile. Is it found in America? Dis-
tinguish between the crocodile and the alligator 742-743, 729
What are amphibia? Name three. How do they breathe? 685
Name two animals classed as anura. Describe the develop-
ment of a tadpole into a frog 729
Where do frogs lay their eggs? Describe the tree-frog's feet.
What is a bullfrog? 747, 729, 738
Distinguish between frogs and toads. Have they teeth? How
do toads protect themselves from their enemies? 747, 768
State the general characteristics of birds. Name and describe
three orders of birds 735-736
Why cannot the ostrich fly? What is the rhea? 754
State the use of the pehcan's pouch 756
Where is the stork found? Describe its habits. Where does
the white stork build its nest? 767
Give the common name for the buzzard. The scientific name
of the hen hawk. What is its food? 738-739
Describe the turkey vulture, or turkey buzzard. State its size. 768
To what family does the eagle belong? Mention four species .... 744
Where is the condor found? State its appearance, size, habits . . 742
Describe the partridge. The quail. Give their family name . 755, 761
Name five birds of the pheasant family. Describe the peacock.
The habits of the true pheasant 757, 756
From what country does the green parrot come? The'parrakeet? 755
On what do owls feed? Woodpeckers? 754, 771
Describe the nests of the crow, the meadow lark, the swallow,
the wren 743-771
Of what value to the farmer are the meadow lark and the crow?. 752, 743
Describe the coloring of the bird of paradise, the blackbird, the
bluebird, the flamingo, the oriole 735-754
Why is the bower-bird so named? To what country is it native? . 737
Give an account of the platypus and its mode of life 758
Describe the kangaroo. How does it travel? Where does it
live? How does the opossum carry its young? 749, 754
From what part of the whale is whalebone obtained? Compare
the mouth of a whale with the mouth of a shark . . . , 769-770, 764
148
Ib the porpoise a fish or a mammal? Describe it 759
What is the manatee? Where is it foimd? 751
Distinguish between the African and the Indian elephant. Which
is domesticated? 744
Distinguish between the camel and the dromedary. To whom
is the camel valuable? 739
To what continent is the camelopard native? Describe it. . 739
Describe the deer. How is it distinguished from other rumi-
nants? Where are deer chiefly found? 743
Of what value is the musk deer? 753
Compare the chamois with the gazelle. With the goat 741, 747
Describe the Rocky mountain sheep. What part of the world
does the musk ox inhabit? 764-765, 753
How large is the hippopotamus? To wtat domestic animal
is it related? 748
What is the most celebrated breed of horses? How is the age
of a horse determined? 748-749
What are camivora? Name three classes 690
How many species of bear are found in North America? 733
For what are the raccoon and the sable prized? 761, 762
Give the characteristics of the dog family. Mention three species
of fox. Of wolf 744, 746, 770
To what family do these belong: jaguar, leopard, Hon, lynx,
puma, tiger? Which are found in America? 749-768
Distinguish between the seal and the walrus 764, 769
Where is the beaver found? To what family does the beaver
belong? The guinea pig? The squirrel? 733, 748, 766
How does a flying squirrel fly? 746
In what part of America is the porcupine found? Describe it. 759
On what food do bats live? Where is the vampire-bat found?. 733
Distinguish between apes and monkeys. Describe the Barbary
ape, the orang-utan, the chimpanzee, the gorilla 729-754
Define bacteria. Where are.they found? Mention five forms .. . 730
Of what does moss consist? Describe its fruit 752-753
Where do ferns grow most abundantly? To what height?
Define CBSTstogamous, acrogen, frond, rhizome, circinate. 745
Describe the structure of a flower. What are double flowers? . . . 746
State the uses of barley. In what climates does it grow? .... 732
What plants grow best on calcareous clay? 655
Describe sugar cane. How is it propagated? 767
Where do palms grow? Name the most valuable pahns. Describe
the cocoanut. State its uses. What is the betel nut? From
what is sago obt0,ined? 755, 741, 735, 762
149
Name four species of pine. State where each grows. Name
foiir pine products 757-758
What is Brazilwood? Redwood? Mahogany? 737, 761, 751
Tell something of the orange tree. How productive is it? Where
is it cultivated? To what country is the lemon native?. . 754, 750
From what fruits is the cultivated apple developed? 729-730
What country is the home of the peach? 756
How does tea grow? How is it prepared for market? 767
Describe the pepper plant. Where is it native? State the
difference between black pepper and white pepper 756-757
Relate briefly how coffee is grown. What country exports the
best coffee? Name the greatest coffee producing country
in the world , 741-742
Where is the banana cultivated? How tall does it grow? 731
Describe the breadfruit. Where does it grow? 738
State the value of the bean as an article of food 733
Of how many layers is bark composed? What is cork? Peru-
vian bark? 731-732
What are cloves? From what are they obtained? 741
How tall does the pineapple plant grow? Name two locaUties
in which it is extensively cultivated 758
Explain how cocoa and cocoa butter are obtained 739
What is manna? 751-752
What drug is made from the poppy? 769
Where is the banyan tree found? Describe its growth 731
To what size does the baobab tree grow? Describe its flower
and fruit. To what use is it put by the natives? 731
Where do pearls come from? What is mother-of-pearl? .... 760, 753
For what is the diamond remarkable? What is the value of
the ruby? 760
What is meant by saying that a diamond is of the first water?. 760
What color is the sapphire? 760
In what forms does salt exist? What is rock salt? Mention
three localities producing large quantities of salt 763
How do scientists beUeve petroleum to have been formed? Where
is it found in abundance? Name four petroleum products. 757
Why is gold valuable? In what forms is it found? Describe
the process known as placer mining 747-748
In what forms does silver occur? Mention extensive silver
deposits on the American continent 765
Tell something of the lives and the work of the following natural-
ists: Linnaeus, Audubon, Darwin, Gray, Agassiz, Romanes,
Burbank, Jordan, Homaday, Bailey 394-482
lAO
MISCELLANY
When was the great fire in Chicago? Boston? Baltimore? . 106, 517
Tell what is known of the runes used by the early nations of
northern Europe. . . .' : 379
What is the Yule clog? Describe its attendant festivities. . . 387
What is the meaning of the term "Gordian knot"? 360
Outline the legend of the wandering Jew ." 364
Who first used the arch in building bridges? 778
Name three noted bridges in Great Britain. Five in the United
States 778-780
State the main characteristics of American bridges 779
What does St. Patrick's day commemorate? 852
Name the chief old English hoUdays. Give the date of Allhallow-
een. Of Candlemas. Of St. Valentine's day 792, 780, 852
Give the dates of the principal holidays observed in the United
States 791-792
In what states is arbor day a legal holiday? Labor day? Jefferson
Davis's birthday? Lincoln's birthday? Columbus day? . . . 791-792
Give the history of Thanksgiving day in the United States 852
What is the origin of the term "money"? "Pin money"? "Red-
letter day"? "Days of grace"? 829-837, 784
Give the history of the United States flag. How many stars has
it? How many stripes? Why? 789, 110
When was the name of the British flag changed to Union Jack?
Of what is it formed? . 852
To whom is the term "Uncle Sam" applied? "John Bull"?
"Brother Jonathan"? Give the origin 852, 794, 780
Give the names of some noted historic giants. Of five dwarfs . 790, 786
Tell the story of the Kilkenny cats 364
State the number of degrees conferred in Freemasonry 789
Give the weight of a carat. Who owns the largest cut diamonds
in existence? 861, 785
Describe various methods of burial among ancient peoples. ... 780
What is the color of moimiing in China? In Turkey? Egypt?
Europe? 796
Where is the hall of fame? State its object. How often are
new names added? 790-791
What is the origin of the word "news"? 831
Explain the origin and the meaning of "Hobson's choice" 791
Where did the term "dark horse" originate? 784
151
Give the location and the height of the following: Eiffel tower,
Woolworth building, Washington monument, pyramid of
Cheops 783
State the origin of the dollar mark 785
Give the origin of the pawnbroker's sign 849
What is camouflage? What are camoufleurs? 780
Where did the Christmas tree originate? What was its signifi-
cance before the Christian era? 782
Give the earliest and the latest date on which Easter may occur.
How is the date determined? 792
What is the origin of the belief in the Easter rabbit? 792
How many states have adopted the goldenrod as the state
flower? What is the flower of your state? 852
Give the popular name of each of the following states: New
York, Maine, CaUfomia, Georgia, Michigan, Texas 850-851
The people of what state are called Rovers? Creoles? Tar
heels? Wolverines? Badgers? 850-851
Give the popular name of your state. Of its people 850-851
Where is the Blarney stone? What is the popular superstition
in regard to it? 777
How many persons out of 100,000 reach the age of 100 years?
What percentage of the population dies before the age of
seven? 795
To what extent has Esperanto been adopted? State its principle.
What so-called universal language was invented in 1879?
788-789, 386
What is the legal weight in your state of a bushel of apples?
Of wheat? Of onions? Of cotton seed? Of coal? 862
Where did the duel originate? Tell something of the practice. 785-786
What part of the country is popularly known as Dixie? 785
Give the origin and the meaning of "catching a Tartar" 781
Name some trades classed as dangerous by the British parUa-
ment. Why? 783-784
How large is the dome of the capitol at Washington? Where
is the largest dome in the world? 785
In what respects do gypsies differ from the people among whom
they hve? When did they first appear in Europe? 790
Tell something of the Ku-Klux-Klan 794
Give the origin of the Red Cross societies. When and by whom
was the American Red Cross society organized? 849, 404
By whom were the Nobel prizes founded? For what are they
awarded and by whom? How many men in the United
States have received Nobel prizes? 849
152
What is a ship's log? How is it used? 794
Why is the barber's pole striped? 776-777
Why does a person who is unable to write mark the form of a cross
instead of his name? 849
What is the meaning of black Friday? Blue Stocking? Boy-
cott? Bohemian? 777
Explain the origin and the meaning of the following words:
Altoona, Minnehaha, Canada, Nevada, Philadelphia 799-834
Name some books suitable for children under six years of age. . . . 319
What is the origin of Santa Claus? Give the name of the Dutch
Santa Claus 380, 379
State the meaning of "Tom, Dick, and Harry". Of "Popinjay"
384,376
Explain the origin of the loving cup 368
From what great philosopher does Platonic love receive its
name? What is it? 376
Tell the story of Cinderella 350
What was the cost of the capitol at Washington? Of St. Peter's
cathedral at Rome? 578, 572
Where is the green sea? Why is it so called? 817
What is the Bayeux tapestry? Where is it? 802
Describe the situation of Monte Carlo. For what is it famous?. . . 545
What incident is connected with the "black hole of Calcutta"? 777
In what sort of tales do the following characters occur: Jack
Homer, Hop-o'-my-Thumb, Old Mother Hubbard, Jack
the Giant-kiUer, Jack and the Bean-stalk? 362, 364
What and where are Cleopatra's needles? 809
Give the origin of the following names : Matterhorn, Mont Blanc,
Spuyten Duyvil 828-842
For what are the swords of Damascus famed? 660
Name the "Seven Bibles" 381
Give one version of the story of the seven sleepers 381
Of what countries is "God Save the King" the national anthem? 360
Name the seven wonders of the world 849
How many pounds equal a cubic foot of anthracite coal? Of
bituminous coal? 860
How many cubic inches in a bushel stricken measure? Heap
measure? What products are measured by heap measure? . . 860
What is the difference in feet between a statute mile and a nau-
tical mile? 861
When was the parcel post established in the United States? What
do the postal zones represent? Give the Umits in size and
weight for mailable parcels. State fee for insurance 848
153
How many cords in a pile of wood 28 ft. long, 6 ft. wide, 7 ft.
high? 860
What is percentage? : 853
This year's income is $900, which is 12}4% more than last year's
income. What was last year's income? 853
What is simple interest? Compound interest? Exact interest? 853
Find the interest on $600 for 3 years, 4 months, 10 days, at 4%.
What is the amount? 853
What is the exact interest on $360 for 90 days at 5%? 854
What is commercial discount? Bank discoimt? True discount? 854
A note for $500 payable in 2 months is discounted by a bank.
What is the bank discount and what are the proceeds,
money being worth 5%? 855
A man bought a lot for 12,560 and sold it at a gain of 20%. How
much did he gain? What was the selling price? 855
What will be the annual income from investing $3,427.50 in
5% stock, purchased at 57, allowing }4% brokerage? 857
What must I pay for 5% stock that my investment may yield
6%? 857
A merchant insured his house for $1,500 at J^% annual premium.
Find the premium 856
Find the cost of digging the cellar of a house whose length is
41 ft. 3 in., width 33 ft., depth 8 ft., the cost of excavating
being 50 cents a load 859
Find cost of plastering a room 16 ft. long, 14^ ft. wide, and 10 ft.
high above baseboard, at 45 cents a sq. yd. The room has
two windows, each 7 ft. by 3 ft., and two doors, each 8 ft.
by 41^ ft 858
How many strips of carpeting 1 yd. wide will be required for a
room 18 ft. long by 15 ft. wide if the strips are laid length-
wise? How many yards in each strip? How many yards
will be required for the room? What will be the cost at
$1.25 a yard? 858
How many cubic feet of masonry in the walls of a cellar 30 ft. long,
20 ft. wide, outside measurement, the walls to be 9 ft. high
and 18 in. thick, deducting 250 cubic feet for openings?. . 859
How many bushels of grain will a bin hold that is 6 ft. long, 3J^
ft. wide and 7 ft. high? 860
How many gallons of water will a cistern hold that is 5 ft. in
diameter and 8 ft. deep? 860
How many feet of lumber will a log 18 in. in diameter at the
smaller end and 14 ft. long yield? 860
1S4
INDEX
Africa:
Egypt, History 11-12
Egypt, Literature, 81-85
Geography 129-130
Government 131-134
America:
Geography, 116-122
Government 131-138
History 33-60
Literature, 109-114
American History, 33-50
Canada, 46-48
Colonization, 34-37
Mexico, 48-49
Revolution 37-39
South America 49-50
Union 39-45
American Literature, 109—114
Ancient History, 11-22
Assyria 13
Babylon 13
Chaldea 13
China 12-13
Egypt, 11-12
Greece 15-18
Hebrews, 13-14
Japan 12-13
Persia, 14-15
Phenicia 14-15
Rome 18-22
Arts, Fine 143-146
Asia:
Geography 127-129
Government, 131-134
History 12-16, 65-68
Literature, .81-85
Asiatic Countries, History, 65-68
China, 68
Japan, 66—67
Saracens, 65-66
Assyria:
History 13
Literature, 81-85
Austria-Hungary :
Gi3vernment, 131-134
History 59
Babylon:
History 13
Literature 81-85
Belgium:
Government : . . 131-134
History, 63-64
Canada:
Geography 116-121
Government, 131-134
History 46-48
Capitals, Use of, 70-71
Chaldea:
History 13
Literature, 81-85
Cliina:
Government, 131-134
■ History 12-13, 68
Civics 135-138
Commerce, 139-142
Continental Europe, History, . . .51-64
Denmark:
Government 131-134
History 60
Literature 90-93
Education 143-146
Egypt:
History 11-12
Literature 81-85
England:
Canada 46-48, 116-121
Geography 122-127
Government 131—134
History 23-32
Literature, 102-109
English, Higher, 77-80
English History, 23-32
Anglo-Saxon Kings, 24
Danish Kings, 24
Hanover, House of 30-32
Lancaster, House of, . . . ■. 27
Norman Kings 25
Plantagenets 25-26
Roman Period, 23
Saxe-Coburg, House of 32
Saxon Kings, 25
Saxons, Coming of the 24
Stuart, House of, 28-30
Tudor, House of 27-28
Yorls;, House of 27
English Literature 102-109
Europe:
Geography 122-127
Government, 131-134
History 15-32, 51-64
Literature, 85-109
Europe, Continental, History,, .51-64
Austria-Hungary, 59
Belgium 63-64
Denmark 60
France 54-57
Germany 57-59
Greece, 64
Holland 63-64
Italy, 51-52
Norway 60-61
Portugal 53-54
Russia 62-63
Spain 53-54
155
Europe, Continental, History — Cont'd
Sweden 60-61
Turlcey, 52-53
France:
Government 131-134
History 54-57
Literature 95-97
Geography 115-130
Africa 129-130
America, North, 116-121
America, South 121-122
Asia, 127-128
Europe 122-127
Germany:
Government, 131-134
History 57-59
Literature 93-95
Government, 131-138
Greece:
Government 131-134
History, 15-18, 64
Literature, 85—88
Hebrews, The:
History 13-14
Literature, 81-85
History, 11-68
American, 33—50
Ancient, 11-22
Asiatic Countries, 65-68
Continental Europe 51-64
English 23-32
History, Natural, 147-150
Holland:
Government 131-134
History 63-64
Industry, 139-142
Invention, 139-142
Italy: I
Government, 131-134
History, 51-52
Literature '. 97-99
Japan:
Government 131-134
History, 12-13, 66-67
Literature 102
Language 69-80
Capitals 70-71
•Higher English 77-80
Letter Writing 75-77
Punctuation 70-71
Words, Correct Use of, 71-75
Letter Writing, 75-77
Literature, 81-114
American, 109—114
English 102-109
French 95-97
German, 93-95
Greek 85-88
ItaUan 97-99
Japanese, 102
Literature — Continued
Latin, 88-90
Oriental 81-85
Russian 100-102
Scandinavian, 90-93
Spanish; 99-100
Mexico:
Geography 116-121
Government, 131-134
History 48-49
Miscellany, 151-154
Natural History, 147-150
North America:
Geography 116-121
Government 131-138
History 33-49
Norway:
Government, 131-134
History, 60-61
Literature 90-93
Oriental Literature 81-85
Persia:
History 14-15
Literature 81-85
Phenicia:
History 14-15
Literature 81-85
Portugal:
Government 131-134
History 53-54
Punctuation, Use of 70-71
Konian Literature, 88-90
Rome, History of , 18-22
Russia :
Government, 131-134
History 62-63
Literature, 100-102
Saracens, History, 65-66
Scandinavian Literature 90-93
Science, 143-146
South America:
Geography 121-122
Government 131-134
History 49-60
Spain:
Government 131-134
History, 53-54
Literature, 99-100
Sweden:
Government, 131-134
History ; . . 60-61
Literature, 90-93
Tin-key:
Government, 131-134
History, '. 52-53
United States: '
Geography, 116-121
Government, 131-138
History 33-45
Words, Corrcit Use uf, 71-75
150
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