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THE 
FUNDAMENTALS 

OF THE 

ENGLISH LANGUAGE 

FOR 

NON - ENGLISH -SPEAKING 
PEOPLE 



INCLUDING 

A GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION WITH SPECIAL DRILL AND 
PRACTICE IN READING. 

THE MOST IMPORTANT PRINCIPLES OF ENGLISH GRAMMAR. 

WORDS AND DIALOGUES COVERING ALMOST EVERY PHASE 
OF LIFE. 

THE HISTORY AND- GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES 

WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON THE REQUIREMENTS 

FOR ADMISSION TO AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP. 

THE SIMPLIFIED PRONUNCIATION OF ALL WORDS USED IN 

THE BOOK, AND THEIR TRANSLATION INTO 

SEVERAL LANGUAGES. 



BY 

NICHOLAS C. ANDRONIS, A. B. 

TEACHER OF ENGLISH TO FOREIGNERS IN THE EVENING SCHOOLS 
OF LEWISTON, MAINE 



REIN & SONS COMPANY 

PRINTERS AND PUBLISHERS 



A^i«»<li« 



COPYRIGHT I9I|^ 
BY REIN & SONS COMPANY 
HOUSTON, TEXAS 



THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED TO 

MABEL E. MARR 

IN GRATEFUL RECOGNITION OF 

ENCOURAGEMENT AND 

ASSISTANCE 



PREFACE 



The justification and aim of this volume may 
be stated in the following words: To present 
to the non-English-speaking people, by a simple 
and practical method, the fundamentals of the 
English language, in order that they may be 
able to communicate with the people with whom 
they come in contact in their daily lives; to 
present to the foreigner the history and develop- 
ment of the American nation, in order that he 
may appreciate fully its value; to present to the 
■foreigner the form of government of his adopted 
country, in order that he may vote intelligently. 

The need of a volume that will fulfil this pur- 
pose by a condensed but comprehensible method 
is felt both by the teacher and by the foreigner. 
The former is confronted with the problem of 
how to teach the foreigner, and of what system 
to follow. The latter, seeing the apparent diffi- 
culty with which the English language is mas- 
tered, gives up all hope of learning the speech 
of his adopted country. 

With an experience of several years as a 
teacher of the English language to foreigners, 
the author has devised a system that has been 
given a thorough test in his class-room for fqur 
years. The results obtained by the students- 
have proved the good success of the system. 

The book is divided into five parts, arranged 



VI PREFACE 

in such a way that it can be completed by the 
end of a school year in an evening school. A 
student who has carefully learned every lesson 
will be able to read, speak, and write the essen- 
tials of the English language with considerable 
ease. 

Part I attempts to present to the student the 
correct pronunciation of the English language. 
The different sounds and combinations of the 
alphabet, with special drill in words containing 
the different letters, are studied carefully. The 
exercises at the end of Part I afford an oppor- 
tunity for further practice in reading and correct 
pronunciation. 

This part having been completed, the student 
is able to get the approximate, if not the correct, 
pronunciation of every word in the English 
language. 

He is now ready to^take up the most important 
principles of grammar, in order that he may 
speak and write correctly. Part II attempts to 
present the essentials of grammar by a simple 
and practical method. Rules and principles 
are taken up in a simple but effective way, and 
technical terms are avoided without any loss to 
the student. Every part of speech, especially 
the verb, is simplified, and can be learned in a 
short time. 

The ability to read and write correctly having 
been acquired, the student is now ready to en- 
large his vocabulary. What words is he going 



PREFACE Vil 

to learn? In the case of an immigrant, who 
toils from morning until night, he needs words 
that are in every-day, common use, words that 
are used in his work. Part III attempts by 
means of dialogues, to pres'ent to the student a 
working vocabulary. Desultory and meaning- 
less sentences are avoided. The order of con- 
versation is natural and logical, thus leaving a 
strong impression upon the mind of the student. 

Each dialogue is preceded by a list of words 
used in connection with the subject chosen. In 
the "Grocery Store", for example, the names of 
most of the articles in the grocery store are 
listed, and later are used in conversation. The 
same system is used- with all the dialogues, 
covering almost every phase of life. With the 
knowledge acquired in the two preceding Parts, 
and with a little study of each dialogue, the 
student should have no difficulty in understand- 
ing others or in making himself understood. It 
should be kept in mind, however, that the dia- 
logues are by no means complete, but should 
serve as a motive for further conversation. 

Having learned how to read, speak, and write, 
the student is now ready to go further, that is, 
to read for valuable information. What more 
important and more interesting subject is there 
than that of history and government? A knowl- 
edge of it means progress in the country; ignor- 
ance of it means deterioration of the country. 
Part IV attempts to present in simple language 
the growth and development, as well as the 



VUl PREFACE 



present form of government, of the American 
nation. Suggestions are given to the new comer ; 
the difficulties and opportunities met with in 
this land are shown to him; how to improve his 
condition, how to serve his adopted country. 
The national, state, and municipal governments 
are studied by means of easy lessons, maps, 
diagrams, and tables. Facts about naturaliza- 
tion, information necessary before obtaining the 
certificate of American citizenship, and questions 
and answers on the requirements for admission 
to citizenship, are presented in a ' simple and 
practical way. Moreover, Part IV serves for 
further study of the English language; reading, 
writing, and conversation can be developed from 
it. 

Part V includes the words used in the entire 
book, with their simplified pronunciation, and 
their translation into German, French, Italian, 
Spanish, Greek, and Yiddish. 

The author takes great pleasure in acknowl- 
edging his indebtedness to Professor George M. 
Chase of Bates College for reading portions of 
the manuscript and for his many V9,luable sug- 
gestions; and to Professor R. R. N. Gould for 
reading a portion of the manuscript. 

The author wishes to thank Miss Harriet W. 
Marr, Mr. Vincent Gatto, Mr. Costas Stephanis, 
for their many helpful suggestions. 

Finally, and above all, the author wishes to 
recognize the unceasing service rendered by Miss 
Mabel E. Marr, Assistant Librarian at Bates 



PREFACE IX 

College. From beginning to end, she has en- 
couraged the work, ofifered many helpful criti- 
cisms, read and arranged the manuscript and 
assisted in preparing it for publication. To this 
help the cofnpletion of this volume is due. 

In conclusion, it is a great pleasure to ac- 
knowledge the ability and courtesy of the Rein 
& Sons Company in carrying "out the plans of 
the author. 

July 20, 1915. N. C. ANDRONIS. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page. 
PART I.— GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION— 

The Alphabet of the English Language. .... ,3 
Phonology of Vowels and Consonants, 
With Special Drill in Words Containing 

the Different Letters 4-17 

Exercises for Practice in Reading 18-20 

PART II.— GRAMMAR— With Special Exer- 
cises Showing the Most Important Prin- 
ciples of Grammar. ; 23-57 

The Article 23 

The Noun 24-27 

The Adjective 28-31 

The Pronouns 31-35 

The Verb 36-53 

The Adverb 54-55 

The Preposition 56-57 

The Conjunction 57 

Abbreviated Words Used in Everyday 

Speech 57-58 

^Abbreviated Words Used in Writing 59-61 

PART in:— DIALOGUES— Preceded by a List 

of the Most Common Woflls 65-152 

Usual Phrases 65-68 

The Weather 68-70 

Time — Seasons, Months, Days, How to Ask 

the Time 70-73 

The House and House Utensils. Renting a 

Room, a House 73-78 

Looking for Work — ^Trades, Employment" 

Bureau 79-82 

The Restaurant— Bill of Fare.V 82-87 

The Clothing Store 88-93 

The Shoe Store 94-97 

The Grocery Store 97-100 



TABLE OF CONTENTS XI 

Page. 

The Fruit Store . . ., 101-103 

The Barber Shop '. 104-106 

The Post Office 106-110 

The Telegraph Office 111-112 

The Telephone Office 113-115 

The Railroad Station ; . . .115-118 

The Steamboat 119-121 

The Human Body 122-123 

The Physician 124-128 

The Dentist 128-130 

The Drug Store 130-132 

The Evening School 133-134 

Nationalities 135-136 

The Lawyer. The Court 136-142 

The Bank. The Insurance Company 142-146 

Agriculture and Agricultural Implements . . . 146-149 

The Jewelry Store 150-152 

Relationships 153 

The Schools 154 

In the City 155 

Advertisements- — ^Wanted, Lost and Found, 

To Let, For Sale 156-159 

Letter Writing 159 

Business Letters 161-167 

Letter of Introduction 167 

Invitations 169-170 

Social Letters 170-171 

PART ly.— HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT— 

The American Flag — Illustration 175 

The American Hymn 177 

Suggestions for the Immigrant 177-183 

Map of the United States 184 

, Washington, Portrait of 185 

A Brief History of the United States.- 187-190 

Lincoln, Portrait of 191 

The National- Government 192 

The Legislative Branch 193-194 



XU TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page. 

The Executive Branch : . . . 195-197 

The Judicial Branch 197 

The State Government 199 

The Legislative Branch 200 

The Executive Branch ; 200 

The Judicial Branch 201 

City Government 202 

The Legislative Branch 202-203 

The Executive Branch 203 

The Judicial Branch 203-204 

Facts About Naturalization 204-206 

How to obtain the "Declaration of Intention" 

Paper 206 

Copy of "Declaration of Intention" 206-207 

How to obtain the Certificate of Citizenship. 207-208 

Copy of "Petition for Naturalization" 208-210 

Questions and Answers on Requirements for 

Admission to American Citizenship 210'-222 

Presidents of the United States 223 

1910 Census : United States and Territories 

With Area of Each State 224 

Principal Cities of the United States 225-232 

Population of the United States According to 

Race, Nativity and Parentage 232 

Population and Area of the World 233-234 

Value of Foreign Coins in United States 
Money 235-236 

PART v.— VOCABULARY — Including the 
Simplified Pronunciation of Every Word, 
and Its Translation Into Several Lan- 
guages Appendix 



SUGGESTIONS TO THE 
TEACHER 



1. Examine the book carefully and see what 

is in it. 

2. Become interested in your subject and in 

your class. Have something definite to 
give to your students every evening. 

3. Be patient with your students. Remember 

that the average student in an evening 
school class is advanced in age. More- 
over, remember that learning a foreign 
language is not an easy task. 

4. To arouse the interest of your class, show, 

as an introduction to your course, the 
value and importance of the English 
language ; what part it plays in the busi- 
ness of the world, and of what value it 
will be to the students after they learn to 
speak it. The English language is com- 
ing to be a universal language, and there- 
fore its importance is evident. 

5. Use nothing but English in class. 

6. Remember that imitation and practice are 

necessary in legirning a language. The 
ear and the eye should be trained. 

7. Divide the time allotted into three pe- 

riods — treading, writing, knd conversa- 
tion. One-half of the time should be 
spent in conversation, in connection with 
which special attention shotild be paid 



XIV SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER 

to correct and idiomatic English. Prog- 
ress in conversation encourages the stu- 
dent greatly. 

8. One-fourth of the time should be spent in 

reading, in connection with which special 
attention should be paid to pronunciation. 

9. The remaining fourth of the time should be 

spent in writing, in connection with 
which special attention should be paid 
to spelling. 

10. Teaph the student how to use a dictionary 

with the least effort, and with the least 
loss of time. Ask the students to procure 
a vest-pocket dictionary, if possible. 

11. Ask the students to learn a definite number 

of new words every evening. 

12. Never use words that the students do not 

understand. To be able to understand 
you is a great encouragement to the stu- 
dents. 

13. Read the lesson slowly and distinctly be- 

fore you ask the students to read it. 

14. In conversation, avoid "yes" or "no" for 

answers. Remember that your questions 
are not asked for the sake of information, 
but for the sake of conversation. There- 
fore demand complete sentences. 

15. Give the students something to write, 

either from dictation, or by assigning a 
certain topic. Letter writing should be 
taken up later in the course. 

16. Do not spend all your time on one subject. 

It may grow monotonous, and therefore. 



SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER XV 

uninteresting. Be careful especially in 
using the Guide to Pronunciation, or the 
Grammar. Except in conversation, do 
not spend more than thirty minutes on 
any one subject in one evening. 

17. Do not pile up too much work. Give time 

to the students to learn each lesson 
thoroughly. 

18. A review of the previous lesson will be very 

helpful. 

19. Ask the student to procure a small note- 

book in which he can put all the new 
words that he learns. 

20. Although the grammar should be made 

practical, a certain amount of drill on 
various" forms is necessary. 

21. The list of words preceding each dialogue 

in Part III should be mastered thoroughly 
by the student. They are words that are 
used in every-day speech, and therefore 
they are necessary for conversation. 

22. The. dialogues in Part III are by no means 

complete. They should serve as a motive 
for further conversation. 

23. In connection with the History and Govern- 

ment lessons, avoid using technical terms. 
Make the lessons practical and interest- 
ing. Put a great deal of emphasis on the 
local government. 

24. Part IV, "History and Government," 

should be used not only for information, 
but also for further study of the English 
language. There is abundant material 



XVI SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER 

in this part for reading, writing, and con- 
versation. 
25. At the end of Part IV will be found "Ques- 
tions on Requirements for American 
Citizenship." Having mastered the an- 
swers to these questions, the student 
should have no trouble in obtaining his 
certificate of citizenship. 



PART I. 



GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION 



ALPHABET 

ABCDEFGH I JKLM 
NOPQRSTUVWXYZ 

abcdefghi jklm 
nopqr s tuvwxyz 



"IJi W- X 



f ^ 



VOWELS. 

a e i o u 

w and y sometimes vowels and sometimes 

consonants. 

CONSONANTS. 

b c d f gh'j k 1 
mnpqr s tvxz 
3 



LESSON I 



GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION. 
VOWEL SOUNDS. 

Letter "A" 

a as in lak^, lam^, mal^.- 

§, as in mail, can, land, /^p^:^ 

k as in fast, in4chi6e, parMe. 

a as in hire, fire, cire. J^JL^yx^ 

a as in half, hard, farm. 

a as in h9.ll, fall, false. 

\ , Drill in Words containing Letter s'A" * 
rat, cat, play, late, date, came,, part, hand, 
shave, man, are, all, fan, ask, cire. 

SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

The teacher should explain thoroughly the 
different sounds, of the letter "a." The words 
given above for drill are to be read by the stu- 
dents. To obtain results in pronunciation, fre- 
quent repetition is necessary. 



LESSON II 



VOWEL SOUNDS. 

Letter "EL' 

e as in jg^iing, femalj^, hero. 

e as in men, tSn, bSd; 

e as in hei;;; corfier, bStter. 

^ silent as in . . . camj^-, lam^, taril^. 

Drill in wormcontaining Letter "E" 
set, fertit^, pSn, tSll, matter, fern, mad^, sam^j 
ifiSck, person, vyell, together, qui St, th^m,, miliar, 
sell, b^nch, pepper, tabl^, water, rest, Snd, leg, 
powder, bSst, register, evening. 

SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

For further drill in pronunciation the teacher 
may put new words on the blackboard. He 
rnay, then, ask the students to give the pronun- 
ciation of the words. The teacher should also call 
the students' attention to the silent "f which 
makes the preceding vowel long. 



LESSON III 



VOWEL SOUNDS. 

Letter "I" 

i as in likj^, ris^, fiv^. 

3[ as in pin, big, him. 

i before r as in. .girl (gerl), bird (berd), stir (ster). 

Drill in words containing the Letter "I" 
habit, sing, it, is, six, mill, sit, firm (ferm), slice, 
time, pictur^, hospital, mice, Friday, sick, violSt, 
oflfic^, bridg^, lim^, tired, shin^. 

SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

Owing to the brevity o f these lessons , the 
teacher may ask the students to spell the words 
connected with the exercises* The meaning of 
the words also should beTnade known to the 
students. 



LESSON IV 



VOWEL SOUNDS. 

Letter "O," diphthongs "O I," "O Y," "O U," 
"O W." and the double letter "O O." 

o as in sprji^, hol^, morjif. 

6' as in pond, long, 16ss. 

6 as in f6ric, 6rb, 16rd. 

o as in do (doo), move (mdov). 

o as in mother (rniither), love (liiv) 

' other (iither). 

oo as in fool, food, boot. 

66 as in fd&t, bd6k, brd^k. 

oi as in point, oil, soij. 

oy as in bqy, toy, royal. 

ou as in otit, round, motint. 

ow as in how, town, allow. 

Drill in words containing the Letter "O," the 
Double Letter "00," the Diphthongs "01," 
"OY," "OU," "OW." 

found, mountain, spool, soon, noon, cool, root, 
smooth, Id^, coin, gfi&d, outad^, owl, towel, 
vowel, voyage, ground, moon, c6&k, trouse rs 
brown. 



LESSON V 



VCiWEL SOUNDS. 

Letter "U" 

u as in music, p^r^, us^. 

■fl, as in Mg, dit, siin. 

il as in treasiire, measilre, pleastire. 

u only after r as in . rule, rude, true. 

ij as in fuU, pijll, put. 

H before r f<ir, p^se, piirple. 

Drill in words containing the Letter "U" 

giim, miich, sure, use, Mng, pupil, auttimn, 
bureau, niimber, iinder, ctiff, miist, rtin, diist, 
n^se, jiig, biirst, dut^, mM, iip, shttt, nfit,. 
s&pper, riibber, bfitter, tdm, pikse, ptjt, union. 

SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

The teacher should explain the meaning of all 
words. Later they will be useful to the students. 



LESSON VI 



yOWEt SOUNDS. 

Letter "Y," "10," "lOU," "OA." 

y as in dry, cry, sky. 

^'^ as in boj^, ver^, raan^. 

io as in nation (nashiin), election 

(elSksMn). 

iou as in ctirious (kuriiis), serious 

oa as in. . . .soap (sop), coat (kot). 

Drill in words containing the Letter "Y" and 
the Combinations "10," "IOU," "OA." 

pay (pa), day (da), my (ml), stay (sta), buy 
(bi), ready (rSd^), trul;^, every, fly (fli), early 
(erW), employ (emploi), sorr^, heavy (hey^), 
selection (selSkshiin), protection (protSkshiin), 
direction (dirSkshiin), collection (coUekshiin) , 
position (pozish&n), precibus (preshiis), coal 
(kol), road (rod), cloak (klok), boat (bot), 
board (bord). 



LESSON VII 



CONSONANT SOUNDS. 
Letters "B," "C," and the digraph "CH7 

b as in boy (boi), barrel, barber. 

b usually silent after m in the same 
syllable, and also before t. 

as in tomb (toorri), lamb (l&m), debt 

(dgt). 
c has the sovmd s and k. 
c before e, i, y, has the sound of s 

as in ic^ (is), cycl^ (sikl), slicji (slis). 

c before a, o, u, or a consonant, has the hard 
sound k as in. .cat (kat), collar (k611er), cuiF 
(ktif), cross (krSs). 
ch usually has the sound tsh 

as in. . . .church, chSck, cheek (chek), cheese 
(chez). 
ch sometimes has the sound sh 

as in. . . .mustache (miistash), machine (ma- 
shen). « , »- 

ch sometimes has the sound k * 

as in. .chorus (korfis), character (kS,rakter).. 

Drill in words containing the Letters "B," "C," 
and the Digraph "CH." 

come (kdm), cold (kold), child, coat (kot), cap 
(kap), cry (kri), mftch, peach (pech), mS,tch,. 
spice (spis), mice (mis), rice (ris), chaos (kaSs),, 
chemistry (kgmJstr^), chest, chew (chu)^ 

10 



cholera (k61era), chord (k6rd), Christ (krist), 
circle (serkl), cigar (^gar), cigarette (sJgarSt), 
certain (serlin), cemetery (sSmetSry), citizen 
(^tJzn), clear (kler), coal (kol), clock (kl6k), 
close (klos), color (kdler), cut (kit). 



LESSON VIII 



CONSONANT SOUNDS. 
Letters "D," "F," and "G." 

d as in day (da), dead (dSd), dry (dri). 

f as in firjiJ, food, after. 

g (hard) usually occurs before a, o, u, 1, r, s, in 

the same syllable, as in. .go, gold, giin, glad. 

Sometimes hard g occtirs before e, i, y, as in . . 

giv^, gSt. 
g (soft) has the sound of j, as in. .gentle (jSntl), 

gin (jin), gjminastics (jimnastiiks). 
g is silent before m or n, as in. .design (dezin), 
sign (sin). 

The g sound is not heard in the digraph "ng" 
as in. .strong, nothing, ceihng. 

Drill in words containing Letters "D," "F," "G." 

giim, dig, ground, friend (fr6nd), dinner, bed, 
gat^, vegetable (vSjetabl), orange (6rSnj), good, 
grand, farm, rag, shoulder (sholder), coffee, 
h&ngrf, grocery (groser^), rtog, long, nothing 
(niithing), wrong (rong). 

11 



LESSON IX 



CONSONANT SOUNDS. 
Letters "H," "J," and Digraph "GH." 
h as in half (haf), high (hi), hail (hal). 

h is silent in the following words . .heir (dr), herb 
(erb), honest (6n6st), hour (our), honor 
(6ner). 

j as in jtimp, jok^, jof. 

gh is sounded like hard g at the beginning of 
words, as in. .ghost (gost). 

gh is silent after "i," as in. .eight (at), high (hi), 
freight (frat). 

gh is silent before "t," as in.. caught (kat), 
thought (that), daughter (dater). 

gh has the sound of "f" after au, ou, at the end of 
a syllable, as in. .laugh (laf), cough (kaf), 
enough (enfif). 

Drill in words containing Letters "H," "J," 
and the Digraph "GH." 

hS,bit, harbor, hard, jar, j6b, j611j^, hS,ng, hS,nd, 
hair (h5,r), hammer, tough (tiif), laughter (lafter), 
rough (rtif), cough (kaf), heal (hel), right (rit), 
height (hit), through (throo), handle, honor, 
hours, heaven (hSvn), J&nuar^, jiig, heat (het), 
heart (hart), just, hedge (hSj), rejSct, hospital. 



12 



LESSON X 



CONSONANT SOUNDS. 
Letters "K," "L," "M." 

k as in keep (kep), kick (Mk), kind. 

k before "n" in the same syllable is silent, 

as in. . . .know (no), knife (nif), knock (nok). 

ck has the sound of k, as in. .kick (kik), back 
(bak). 

1 as in lad^, nulk, canal (kanal). 

1 is silent in the following words, .would (wood), 
should (sh66d), could (kd6d), balm (bam), 
alms (amz), calm (kam), palrn (pam), 
psahn (sam), almond (amiind), salmon 
(samiin), half (haf), halve (hav), calf (kaf), 
chalk (chak), talk (tak), walk (wak), folk' 
(fok). 

m as in mother (miither), nam^, small. 

Drill in words containing Letters "K," "L," 

"M." 

knot (not), knob (nob), Mng, weak (wek), takj^, 
knight (nit), kned (nel), knelt (nelt), kindly, 
knee (ne), key (ke), Idd, leather (lether), puU. 
bottle (b6ttl), shovel (shiivl), duckSn, people, 
(pepl), cellar, alms (ams), walk, would (wd6d), 
poht^, should (shd6d), could (kd&d) man, animal, 
milk, mysSH, himself, lamp, lamb (lam). 



13 



LESSON XI 



- CONSONANT SOUNDS. 
Letters "N," "P," "Q," Digraph "PH." 
n as in mS,n, lemon, onion. 

n is silent when it is final and after m, 

as in. . . .hymn (him), condemn (condSm). 

p as in apple, pear, pip^. 

p is silent at the beginning of a word before n, s, 
and t, as in. .pneumonia (numonia), psy- 
chology (sikSlojj^). 

ph has the sound of f, as in. .autograph (auto- 
graf), photography (fotdgrafj^.) 

q is always followed by u, and the two have the 
sound kw, as in. .quiet (kwiSt), liquor (liker), 
queen (kwen). 

Drill in words containing Letters "N," "P," 
"Q," and Digraph "PH." 

physician (ftzishan), lips, then, quick (kwik), 
quilt (kwilt), quinine (kwinin), not, answer, 
question (kwgschtin), can, soon, spell, up, up- 
stairs, night, put, final, begin, anything, help, 
pay, kind, pray, paradise, cotton. 



14 



LESSON XII 



CONSONANT SOUNDS. 

Letters "R," "S," "T," and Digraphs "SH," 
"TH." 

r as in fir^, farm, rain. 

s as in some, sing, see. 

s as in is, lose. 

sh as in she, sharp, shovel. 

t as in fdot, after, trtink. 

th as in think, thread, throat. 

th as in mother, them, father. 

Drill in words containing Letters "R," "S," "T," 
and Digraphs "SH," and "TH." 

grass, there, thin, say, red, eyes, a(x, ros^, what, 
speak, English, shall, shoidd, thank, this, the, 
work, shoe, salary, shop, com, table, slow, three, 
afternoon, round, slipper, please, seven, wish, 
shut, tie, show, something, tailor, short, order, 
sal^, ship, as, both, clothes, cloth, shin^. 



IS 



LESSON XIII 



COMBINATION SOUNDS. 
EO, EOU, lA, EA, IE, EAU. 

eoasin., people (pepl), theology (theoloji), 

geography (jeografi). 

eou as in. . . .bounteous (bounteus). 

ia as in marriage, carriage. 

ea as in year (yer), heart (hart), cheap 

(chep). 

ie as in die (di), cried (crid). 

eau as in.. . .bureau (buro), beautiful (butiful). 

Drill in words containing EO, EOU, IA, EA, 
IE, EAU. 

near (ner), leaf (lef), weather (wSther), wear 
(wS,r), bread (bred), wealth (wSlth), sieve (siv), 
believe (belev), ready (rSd;^), dead (dSd), easy 
(ezf), meal (mel), dream (drem), clean (Men), 
read (red), lead (led), earth (erth), clear (kler), 
tea (te), beauty (but^), pleasure (pl^sure), 
teach (tech), dear (der), hear (her), head (hSd), 
heard (herd), friend (frSnd), leave (lev), heavy 
(hevy), weary (werj^), healthy (hSlth^), pear 
(p^r), season (sezn). 



16 



LESSON XIV 



CONSONANT SOUNDS. ' 

Letters '-'V," "W," "X," ^'Y," "Z," and 
Digraph "WH." 

V as in vot^, vSst, river. 

w as in wifj^, woman (wooman), walk. 

wh as in. . . .who (hoo), what (hw6t), wheat 
(hwet). 

X (ks) as in. . box (boks), anxious (Siikshiis), ax 
(&ks). , 

X (gz) as in. . exist (Sgzist), exhibit (Sgzibit), exact 
(ggzSkt). 

y as in. . . . .you (u), yeast (yest), yard. 

z as in zinc, zealous (zSliis), zero. ' 



Drill in words containing Letters "V," "W," 
"X," "Y," "Z," and Digraph "WH." 

evening, well, when (hwSn), week (wek), weak, 
travel, wind, every, watch (w6ch), wound, widj^, 
wash, your, wages, zeal (zel), wood, wool,, yes, 
yesterday, yellow, yet, excuse (Skskuz), exhale 
(Skshal), except (Sksfipt), ox (oks), weigh (wa), 
which (h-w(ch), wild, will, whiskey (h-w^sk^), 
white, pox (poks), whose (hooz), window, why 
(hwi), widow, via, velvet, vinegar, pavement, 
sidewalk, water, stove. 



17 

3 



READINGS FOR PRACTICE IN 
PRONUNCIATION. 



LESSON XV 

EXERCISES FOR READING. 

What is your nam^? 

My name is John. 

Where do you Hv^? 

I live on Chestnut Street. 

Is it far. from her^? 

No, it is n6t v&rf far from here. 

Do you go to school? , 

Yes, I go to school. 

Where is your school? 

My school is on Hill Street. |' 

How old are you? ' 

I am twSnt^-five years old. 

When werj^ you b6m? 

I was b6m on March sScond, eighteen nln^t;y^. 

-What tim^ is it? 
It is fiv0 o'clock. 
What daj^ is it to-day? 
What is the dat^ to-day? 

Where are you going? 
I am going to work. 
Where do you work? 
I work in the mill. 
Where is the mill? 
The mill is on Pine Street. 

18 



Do you speak English? 

No, I do not speak English. 

Can you talk German? 

Yes, I can talk Geirman. 

How long havj^ you been in this country ?^e 

I have been in this country two years. 

When are you going back to your country? 

I anTnot going back to my country. 

What time do you g&t_to in the_m6ming? 
I get up in the mornmg at half -past five^ 
"V\^at time do you go to work? ft*-f-^A 
I go to work at half -past six. 
What do you do from half -past five to half- 
past six? 

I wash my fac^. 

I prSp^r^ my breakfast. 

I eat my breakfast. 

I wash the dishes. 

I clear the tabl^. 

I put on my coat. 

ThSol go to work. 

Where do you have your dinner? 

I have my dinner in the rSstatirant. 

Where do you have your siipper? 

I have my supper at my hous^. 

Can you cd6k? 

Yes, I can cook. 

How man^ hours a day do you work? 

I work ten hours a day. 

Ho w mu ch money do you g.e^.? 

I get two dollars a day, 

Hdw many feet do you have? (or, have you?) 

I have two feet. 

19 



What do you do with your feet? 

I walk with my feet. 

I see with my eyes. 

I smSU with my nose. 

I hear with my ears. 

I feel with my hands. 

Gd&d morning, George. 

Good evening. Good night. 

How are you James? 

I am very w611, thank you. How do you do? 

Nicel;^, thank you, biit my mother is sick. 

What is the matter with your mother? 
, I do not know. The doctor will come in this 
afternoon to see her. 

Does she have a cold? 

I do not think she has a cold. 

I will come to see her to-night. 

SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER 

The teacher should, from time to time, put 
easy selections on the board, and let the stu- 
dents read them. In this way, practice in read- 
ing is acquired. The teacher in these exercises 
shotdd pay more attention to the pronunciation 
than to the meaning of words. The rules of 
pronunciation taught in the previous lessons 
should be put in practice while these exercises 
are read. 



20 



PART II 



GRAMMAR 



LESSON XVI 



THE ARTICLES, "the," "a," "an." 

Examples using "the" — 

The man the men 

The woman the women 

The boy the boys 



Examples using "a," "an" — 

A man a boy 

A woman an hour 

An eye an apple 

EXERCISE. 



1. 


The book is red. 


7. I' see a book. 


2. 


The seat is high. 


8. I have a high seat. 


3. 


The apple is red. 


9.. I ate an apple. 


4. 


The dog went out, 


10. I saw ^ dog. 


5. 


The man is here. 


11. A man is at the door, 


6. 


I have a pencil. 


12. The pencil is black. 




13. I see a 


clock on the wall. 




14. He is an uncle of mine. 



SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

Explain the use of the definite and the in- 
definite articles. Show when to use "a" and 
when to use "an." It would be very valuable 
if the teacher put nouns on the board and let 
the students use "a" or "an" before them. 



23 



LESSON XVII. 



THE NOUJ^. 
The formation of the plural. 
Regular formation of tlje,plural. 
Examples — 



Singular 


Plural 


boy 


boys 


apple 


apples 


hand 


hands 


, house 


houses 



Nouns ending in s, sh, ch, x, z. 

Singtilar Plural 

Examples — glass glasses 

dish dishes 

box boxes 

church . churches 



Nouns ending in y. 




Singular 


Plural 


Examples — boy 


boys 


city 


cities 


fly. 


flies 


spy 


spies 


Nouns ending in o. 




Singular 


Pltu-al 


Examples — tomato 


tomatpes 


potato 


potatoes 


negro 


negroes 


folio 


folios 



24 



6. 



Nouns ending in f . 






Singular 


Mural 


Examples — 


wife 


wives 




knife 


knives ^ 




wharf 


wharves 




leaf 


leaves 


Memorize the following nouns: 


Singiilar 




Plural 


man 




men"" 


woman 




women 


child 




children 


tooth 




teeth 


foot 




feet 


mouse 




mice 


Touse . 




lice 


goose 




'geese 


deer , ' 




deer 


sheep 




sheep 


ox 




oxen 

scissors 

trousers 


Mr. 




Messrs. 


Miss 




Misses 



SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

The teacher should train the students to form 
the plural of any noun by putting words on the 
blackboard and then asking the students to form 
the plural. Rules derived from the above head- 
ings should be mastered thoroughly by the 
students. The student should know that, un- 
like many other languages, proper names do 

25 



not take an article before them. Explain the 
gender of nouns. 

EXERCISE. 

1. The apples and the pears are ripe. 2. The 
boys and girls go to school every morning. 3. 
The two cities are very near to each other. 

4. Put two glasses and three dishes on the table. 

5. There are eight churches in this city. 6. The 
expressman brought two boxes. 7. Please give 
me three pounds of tomatoes and one bushel of 
potatoes. 8. We cut the leaves of the tree with 
our knives. 9. Men and women went to hear 
him. 10. A man and a woman are at the door. 

11. A child likes to play with other children. 

12. He likes to have his teeth filled. 13. We 
have mice in the house. 14. He killed two deer. 
15. Please give me a pair of scissors. 16. He 
went to wash his feet. 17. I would like to have 
a glass of water. 18. We go to church every 
Sunday. 19. He put the wood in the box. 20. 
My hands are white. 21. Mr. Brown went 
away. 22. Messrs. Brown, Nicholson and Sidell. 
23. Miss Brown is waiting for you. 24. Misses 
Brown, Nicholson, and Sidell. 



26 



LESSON XVIII 



THE NOUN 

The Possessive Case. 

Singular Plural 

Nominative — boy boys 

Possessive — boy's boys' 

Objective — boy boys 

Nominative — the tree the trees 

Possessive — of the tree of the trees 

Objective— the tree the trees 

Nominative — Mr. Johnson George Peter 
Possessive — Mr. Johnson's George's Peter's 
Objective — 'Mr. Johnson George, Peter 

EXERCISE. 

1. John's hat is black. 2. Mr. Johnson's 
house is yellow. 3. The boy's shoes are ready. 
4. We sell boys' clothes. 5. George's coat is 
white. 6. The leaves of the tree are green. 7. 
I went to my sister's house. 8. Peter's, shirt is 
white. 9. We sell men's and boys' clothes. 10. 
The color of my coat is blue. ll. My brothe-'s 
picture is on the table. 

SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

Explain the possessive case. Show the differ- 
ence between these sentences: "The boy's hat 
is black." "The leaves of the tree are green." 
"George's book is on the table." 

27 



LESSON XIX 



THE ADJECTIVE. 

Examples: 

I have a redapple. 

I ate a large orange. 

I bought a blue suit, and a black hat. 





COMPARISON 




Examples: 






short 


shorter 


shortest 


tall 


taller 


tallest 


wide 


wider 


widest 


happy 


happier 


happiest 


beautiful 


more beautiful 


most beautiful 


dangerous 


more dangerous 


most dangerous 


beautiful 


less beautiful 


least beautiful 


dangerous 


less dangerous 


least dangerous 


Memorize the following — 




bad 


worse 


worst 


far 


farther 


farthest 




further 


furthest 


good* 


better 


best 


little 


less 


least 


late 


later 


latest 




latter 


last 


much, many more 


most 


near 


nearer 


nearest 
next 


, old 


older 


oldest 




elder 


eldest 



28 



SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

Explain the use of the adjective and its position. 
The students should know that, unlike many 
other languages, the adjectives in English have 
no inflection for number, case, or gender. The 
three degrees of comparison, and how to form 
them, should be explained thoroughly to the 
students. Adjectives should be put on the board, 
and the students should be asked to form the 
comparative and superlative. The use of "than" 
should be explained. Show when to use "er," 
"est," and when to use "r," "st," when to use 
"more," "most," "less," "least." The adjectives 
compared irregularly should be committed to 
memory. 

EXERCISE. 

1. I am the oldest boy in the family. 2. My 
brother is two years younger than I. 3. I 
bought a white shirt and a black necktie. 4. 
This table is longer than that. 5. John is the 
best boy in the school. 6. He is the tallest boy in 
his class. 7. George is the shortest boy in the 
school. 8. He is worse than I. 9. He is the 
worst student in the school. 10. This lesson is 
less important than the next one. 11. She is the 
rnost beautiful girl in the school. 12. I am less 
beautiful than ^e. 13. This path is less danger- 
ous. 14. It is more difficult to read than to 
speak. 15. This book is easier than the one we 
had last year. 16. She is taller than you. 17. 
I am nearer the school than you. 18. John is 
the farthest from the school. 19. George lives 
next to us. 

29 





LESSON XX 




NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. 


Cardinals 


Ordinals 


1 


one 


first 


2 


two 


second 


3 


three 


third 


4 


four 


fourth 


5 


five 


fifth 


6 


six 


sixth 


7 


seven 


seventh 


8 


eight 


eighth 


9 


nine 


ninth 


10 


ten 


tenth 


11 


eleven 


eleventh 


12 


twelve 


twelfth 


13 


thirteen 


thirteenth 


14 


fourteen 


fotirteenth 


15 


fifteen 


fifteenth 


16 


sixteen 


sixteenth 


17 


seventeen 


seventeenth 


18 


eighteen 


eighteenth 


19 


nineteen. 


nineteenth 


20 


twenty 


twentieth 


21 


twenty-one 


twenty-first 


22 


Lwenty-two, 


etc. twenty-second, etc, 


30 


thirty 


thirtieth 


40 


forty 


fortieth 


50 


fifty 


fiftieth 


60 


sixty 


sixtieth 


70 


seventy 


seventieth 


80 


eighty 


eightieth 



30 



90 ninety 


ninetieth 


100 one hundred 


hundredth 


101 one hundred 


hundred and first, 


and one, etc. 


etc. 


200 two hundred, 


two hundredth, etc, 


etc. 




1,000 one thousand 


thousandth 


100,000 one hundred 


hundred thous- 


thousand 


andth 


1,000,000 one milUon 


millionth 


LESSON XXI 


THE PRONOUNS. 


THE PERSONAL PRONOUNS. 


First Person 


Singular 


Plural 


Nominative — I 


we 


Possessive — my 


our 


mine 


otirs 


Objective — me 


us 


Second Person 


Singular 


Plural 


Nominative—^ you 


you 


Possessive — your 


your 


yours 


yours 


Objective — you 


you 



31 



Third. Person 

Singular Plural 
Masctilar Feminine Neuter 

Nominative — he she it they 

Possessive — his her its their 

hers theirs 

Objective — him her it them 

COMPOUND PERSONAL PRONOUNS. 
First Person 



Singular 
myself 


Plural 
ourselves 
Second Person 


Singular 
yourself 


Plural 
yovurselves 
Third Person 


Masculine- 


Singular Plural 
- himself themselves 


Feminine — 


herself 


Neuter — 


itself 



EXERCISES. 

1. I go to school. 2. We go home. 3. My hat 
is black. 4. Our hats are alike. 5. This is ours. 
6. He saw me when I came. 7. He came to see 
us. 8. You work ten hours a day. 9. I saw you 
when you were in Boston. 10. Your uncle is 
sick. 11. This book is yours. 12. He is com- 
ing to see us to-morrow. 13. They are here 
now. 14. She came last night. 15. Her baggage 
is here. 16. I saw her this morning. 17. Where 
is your tmcle? 18. He is here. 19. His trunk 

32 



came this morning. 20. I will tell him to 
come in. 21. Bring the trunk in. Where is 
it? 22. It is on the piazza. 23. I want to open 
it. Where is its key? 24. Take out their 
clothes. 25. I took them out. 26. Are these 
clothes theirs? 27. I wash myself before each 
meal. 28. We did that ourselves. 29. He 
hurt himself. 30. He himself told me that. 
31. It hurt itself. 32. Somebody knocks at the 
door. Who is it? 33. It is I. 



LESSON XXII 



THE RELATIVE PRONOUNS, 

THE INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS. 

The relative pronouns are: who, which, what, 
that. 



Nominative- 
Possessive — 
Objective — 



who 

whose 

whom 



which 
whose 
which 



"who" This is the man who hit me. 

"whose".. I saw the woman whose daughter 

is lame, 
"whom" . . I saw a man whom I knew, 
"which" . .He gave me the apple which I threw 

out of the window. 

"that" Was it you that knocked at my door? 

"what". . .1 do not understand what you say. 

33 



The interrogative pronouns are: who, which, 
what. 

"who" . . . .Who goes there? Who did this? 
"whose" . .Whose apron is this? 
"whom" . .Whom did you see last night? 
"which" . .Which of you came first, 
"what" . . .What is your last name? 

EXERCISE. 

1.. Who is it? 2. Who knocks at the door? 
3. Is that the man who bought the suit? 4. I 
found the book that he gave me. 5. Whose 
hat is this? 6. I know a man whose hat is like 
this. 7. Did you see the man whom I met on 
the street yesterday? 8. The dog which we 
saw this morning bit my little brother. 9. 
What do you have in your desk? 10. The coat 
which you gave me was torn. Whose fault was 
it? 11. Who gave you permission to go home? 
12. The man who works downstairs gave me 
permission to go. 13. Here are two apples; 
which will you have? 14. Which of the two do 
you like best? 15. Will you please tell me 
whose house this is? 16. Kindly tell me who 
lives here. 17. Whom do you wish to see? 18. 
I wish to see the man that owns this house. 
19. What do you want? 20. What is the matter 
with you? 21. What do you mean? 22. With 
whom did you go to school this morning? 23. 
To whom did you give the apple that I gave 
you this morning? 

34 



LESSON XXIII 



DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. 
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. 

Demonstrative pronouns: this, these, tliat, 
those. 

"This" . . .This is my hat. This is mine. 
' 'These' ' . .These were my skates, but I sold them. 
"That". . .That was the best dinner I ever had. 
"Those" .. Those were the boys that we saw 
last night. 

The most importaiit indefinite pronouns are: 
some, each, both, any, none, few, many, such, 
somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, any- 
thing, something, nothing, nobody else, some- 
body else, anjrthing else, everybody else. 

EXERCISE. 

1. That was all right. 2. This is not what I 
want. 3. These are very good to eat. 4. Those 
are not very good. 5. You keep this, and I will 
keep that. 6. Somebody called me a minute 
ago. 7. It was not anybody. 8. It was nobody. 
9. Everybody clapped when he came out. 10. 
Is there anything you would like to have? 11. 
No, thank you. I do not want anything. 12. 
I want something. 13. Do you want anything 
else? 14. Very few went to the dance. 15. 
Both of us went. 16. Some went out early. 17. 
Many stayed to the end. 18. That's (that is) 
all I had. 19. Neither of you is right. 

35 



LESSON XXIV 



THE VERB. 

Active voice I like John. 

Passive voice I am liked by John. 

Present tense I work every day. 

I go home. 
Past tense I worked yesterday. 

I went home. 
Future tense I will work to-morrow. 

I will go home. 
Imperative mood . . Send me a book. 

Work well. 

Come quickly. 
The infinitive To write a letter. 

He asked me to go. 
The participle. .... I saw him working. 

My shoes are fixed. 

EXERCISE. 

1. I speak the English language. 2. I work in 
the mill now. 3. I worked in the shoe-shop last 
year. 4. I will work in the store next spring. 
5. I planted an apple-tree. 6. The apple-tree 
was planted by me. 7. Go, or I will call the 
police. 8. I asked you to leave at once. 9. I 
told you not to smoke here. 10. Seen from that 
side, the building looks round. 11. We saw the 
working men on strike, 

SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

Explain the meaning of active voice and of 
passive voice. Show the relation of time by 

36 



using examples. Show how to form the past 
and the future tenses of verbs. To avoid con- 
fusion, use "will" all through the future. The 
difference between "shall" and "will" may be 
shown later. Do not confuse the students with 
the subjunctive mood, past perfect, future per- 
fect, and other tenses that are not necessary, 
and are difficult for the beginner to use. Use 
orily the present, the past, the future, the present 
perfect, the imperative, infinitive, and participle. 
A list of the most important irregular verbs will 
be found elsewhere in this book. The student 
should learn five irregular verbs every day. 



LESSON XXV 



THE VERB "TO BE." 



Answer 
(Affirmative) 
I am 
you are 
he is 

we are 
you are 
they are 



1 was 
you were 
he was 



PRESENT. 

Question 
am I? 
are you? 
is he? 

are we? 
are you? 
are they? 

PAST. 

was I? 
were you? 
was he? 

37 



Answer 

(Negative) 

I am not 

you are not 

he is not 

we are not 
you are not 
they are not 

I was not 
you were not 
he was not 



we were 
you were 
they were 



I will be 
you will be 
he will be 

we will be 
you will be 
they will be 



were we? 
were you? 
were they? 

FUTURE. 

sfeall I be? 
will you be? 
will he be? 

shall we be? 
will you be? 
wiU they be? 

PRESENT PERFECT. 



we were not 
you were not 
they were not 



I will not be 
you will not be 
he will not be 

we will not be 
you will not be 
they wiU not be 



I have been have I been? I have not been 

you have been have you been? you have not been 

he has been has he been? he has not been 

we have been have we been? we have not been 

you have been have you been? you have not been 

they have been have they been? they have not been 



be 



IMPERATIVE. 

do not be (don't be) 



INFINITIVE. 

to be 

PARTICIPLES. 

Present. . . .being 
Perfect. . .been 



38 



LESSON XXVI 



THE VERB "TO HAVE." 



Answer 
(Affirmative) 
I have 
you have 
he has 

we have 
you have 
they have 



I had 
you had 
he had 

we had 
you had 
they had 



I will have 
you will have 
he will have 

we will have 
you will have 
they will have 



PRESENT. 

Question 
have I? 
have you? 
has he? 

have we? 
have you? 
have they? 

PAST. 

did I have 
did you have? 
did he have? 

did we have? 
did you have? 
did they have? 

FUTURE. 

shall I have? 
will you have? 
will he have? 



shall we have? 
will you have? 
will they have? 



Answer (Negative) 
I have not 
you have not 
he has not 



we 



have not 
you have not 
they have not 



I did not have 
you did not have 
he did not have 

we did not have 
you did not have 
they did not have 



I will not have 

you will not have 

'he will not have 

we will not have 
you will not have 
they will not have 



39 



Answer 
(Afifirmative) 
I have had 
you have had 
he has had 


PRESENT PERFECT. 

Question — Answer (Negative) 
have I had? I have not had 
have you had? you have not had 
has he had? he has not had 


we have had 
you have had 
they have had 


have we had? we have not had 
have you had? you have not had 
have they had ? they have not had 




IMPERATIVE. 


have 


do not have (don't have 




INFINITIVE. 




to have 




PARTICIPLE. 




Present having 

Perfect. . . .had 




LESSON XXVII 


THE VERBS "TO WORK" AND "TO GO." 




ACTIVE VOICE. 


Present — 


Present — 


I work 


I go 


you work you go 
he works he goes 


we work we go 
you work you go 
they work they go 



40 



Past— 


Past— 


I worked 


I went 


you worked 


you went 


he worked 


he went 


we worked 


we went 


you worked 


you went 


they worked 


they went 


Future — 


Future — 


I will work 


I will go 


you will work 


you will go 


he will work 


he will go 


we will work 


we will go 


you will work 


you will go 


they will work 


they will go 


Present perfect — 


Present perfect — 


I have worked 


I have gone 


you have worked 


you have gone 


he has worked 


he has gone 


we have worked 


we have gone 


you have worked 


you have gone 


they have worked 


they have gone 


Imperative — 


Imperative — 


work 


go 


Infinitive — 


Infinitive — 


to work 


to go 


Participles — 


Participles — 


Present, .working 


Present . . going 


Perfect . . having worked Perfect . . having gor 



41 



FULL FUTURE FORM. 

I shall work we shall work 

350U will work you will work 

he will work they will work 



I will work 
you shall work 
he shall work 



we will work 
you shall work 
they shall work 



LESSON XXVIII 



PASSIVE VOICE. 
THE VERB "TO LIKE." 



I am liked 
you are liked 
he is liked 

I was liked 
you were liked 
he was liked 

I will be liked 
you will be Uked 
he will be liked 



PRESENT. 



PAST. 



FUTURE. 



we are liked 
you are liked 
they are liked 

we were liked 
you were liked 
they were liked 

we will be liked 
you will be liked 
they will be liked 



PRESENT PERFECT. 



I have been liked 
you have been liked 
he has been liked 



we 



have been liked' 
you have been liked 
they have been liked 



42 





IMPERATIVE. 






be liked 






INFINITIVE. 






to be liked 






PARTICIPLES 




Present .... being 
Perfect. . . .liked, 


liked 

having been liked 




LESSON XXIX 






PRESENT TENSE. 




I can 
you can 
he can 
she can 


I may 
you may 
he may 
she may 


I shall 
you shall 
he shall 
she shall 


I will 
you will 
he will 
she will 


we can 
you can 
they can 


we may 
you may 
they may 


we shall 
they shall 
they shall 


we will 
you will 
theyTvill 




PAST TENSE 




I could 
you could 
he could 
she could 


I might 
you might 
he might 
she might 


I should 
you should 
he should 
she shotdd 


I would 
you would 
he would 
she would 


we could 
you could 
they could 


we might 
you might 
they might 


we should 
you should 
they should 


we would 
you wotild 
they would 



43 



PRESENT PAST 

I must I ought 

you must you ought 

he must he ought 

she must she ought 

we must we ought 

you must you ought 

they must they ought 

SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

Explain the emphatic form used with "do;" "I do 
know where he is." Show how to ask a question 
and how to answer negatively, "To" is omitted 
after "will," "shall," "can," "may," "must." For 
example, "He can go." "I must work." 

THE VERB. 

EXERCISE. 

1. Have you been away? 2. No, I have not been 
away. 3. I have been here all the time. 4. Did you 
go home for Christmas? 5. Yes, I went home for 
Christmas, but I did not stay there very long. 6. 
Will you go home for Easter? 7. I will not go home 
for Easter. 8. I will be working then. 9, Where do 
you work? 10. I work in the shoe-shop. 11. How 
long have you been working there? 12. I have been 
working there two years. 13. It is a fine place; I' 
like it. 14. Will you come with me? 15. No, I am 
busy; I cannot go with you. 16. Do you speak 
English? 17. Yes, I speak English. 18. Did you 
read your lesson? ' 19. I did not read my lesson. 
20. What nationality are you? 21. I am German. 

44 



22. My brother will come to see me to-morrow. 23. 
Will he stay here very long? 24. Did you receive a 
letter from your sister? 25. Yes, I received a letter 
from my sister to-day. 26. What did she say in the 
letter? 

27. Do you work? 28. No, I do not work. 29. 
Does he work? 30. Do your iDrothers go to school? 
31. When will they come to see you? 32. Are you 
loved by your mother? 33. Were you seen when you 
came here? 34. No, nobody saw me. 35. My brother 
was taken to the hospital yesterday afternoon. 36. 
Was he taken in an ambulance? 37. I will not see 
my brother this week. 38. He will not be allowed 
to receive visitors. 

39. When do you go to work in the morning? 40. 
I go to work at six o'clock. 41. Did you have your 
supper? 42. I did not have my supper. 43. Did your 
brothers have their dinner? 44. Do they go out in 
the evening? 45. Yes, they do. 46. Last night they 
went out at seven o'clock. 47. Is your sister working 
in the office? 48. No, my sister goes to school. 



LESSON XXX 



THE VERB. 

QUESTIONS. 

Present Past 

do I work? did I work? 

do you work? did you work? 

does he work? did he work? 

do we work? did we work? 

do you work? did you work? 

do they work? did they work? 

45 



ANSWERS 

Present 

I work 

you work 

he works 

we work 
you work 
they work 

ANSWERS 
Present 
I do not work 
don't 

you do not work 
don't 

he does not work 
doesn't 

we do not work 
don't 

you do not work 
don't 

they do not work 
don't 



(Affirmative) 

Past 
I worked 
you worked 
he worked 

we worked 
you worked 
they worked 

(Negative) 

Past 
I did not work 
didn't 

you did not work 
didn't 

he did not work 
didn't 

we did not work 
didn't 

you did not work 
didn't 



they did not work 
didn't 



QUESTIONS 

Future Present Perfect 

shall I work? have I worked? 

will you work? have you worked? 

will he work? has he worked? 



shall we work? 
will you work? 
will they work? 



have we worked? 
have you worked? 
have they worked? 



46 



Future 
I will work 
you will work 
he will work 
we will work 
you will work 
they will work 



ANSWERS (Affirmative) 

Present Perfect 
I have worked 
you have worked 
he has worked 
we have worked 
you have worked 
they have worked 



Future 
I will not 
won't 

you will not 
won't 



ANSWERS (Negative) 

Present Perfect 
work I have not worked 

haven't 



he 



we 



will not 
won't 

will not 
won't 



work 



work 



work 



work 



you will not 
won't 

they will not work 
won't 



you have not worked 
haven't 

he has not worked 
hasn't 

we have not worked 
haven't 

you have not worked 
haven't 

they have not worked 
haven't 



47 



X 

S 



■ s 

o 
m ^ 

w S 
> t^ 

Hj w 

H (^ 
O 
O 
P^ 



c,. b« bo bo 



oJ w fa h o o o 



§3 fl 



-(f -(J -tj 
o o o 
■ PI PI 



(U 



c3.2 



(U <U (U 

»H »-( Vh 

Co Co Clj 



15 

tn 
M 

« 
Pi 



o <u g 6 S 



gllllll 

9 fa fa fa o o o 

^ i i i ^ ^ i 



a 



;3 
P (U 



cd 



2 ^ 






0) ID 



bfibp bo 



bo bo bo 
fi Pi 

^^ 

IH (h (h 

o o o 




r*-. r^. n.. 



r»-. ri.. rv. 









a 



o 



<u 



w (U ^ CD _g 

w j;, w (1: iL c 

cs <u 03 53 S S 

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 



cd bo bo bo 
^ PI <u 

PI 

<5 



(U 



rking 
rking 
rking 


%%^ 


CO CO 


i 


a. 3 


^ 



5^ 



48 



0) 
M ^H OT 
OS (U cd 



1 



|^gp*»» 



bo bo bo 

III 

a> 0} a> 

Ih 1^ £d 

S3 S 0) 









S< +? if -g o o o 



!h !h t-i •jr-j -r-j •jr-j 

w i^ ^ ^ -e -e -e 

g flpopggg 

^ 3 -. ? ^ 



a 



o oj a^ o^ 



CO *--! •^ Co *—( 1— I 









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PI PI fl 

(D OJ 0) 
0) d) (U 



bfl^ ^ ^vQrQ *Q 



PI 

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PI 


PI 


PI 


a; 


CD 




> 


> 


w 


a 


■oS 


nJ 


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3 






o 


m 


1— 1 


>^,c| 



o 
PI 



> 



o 
PI 

.. ^ . 

r>-. n-. fv. <>■ f>- <>■ 

S o o o P P P 

g a ^ ^ i ^ ^ ^ 

•2 rt rt fl S Si S 



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11-1 -s-r^ 

49 



SO! § oj a; g^ 

0) OJ 0) dJ OJ 

> > w > >■ t> 

Co CU Cti C€ Cj Gj 
^^^^^^ 

t« ba bo 5^ ^ ^ 

^ pj Pi Pi.S.S.S 
sf ;3 3 ;3 ri<( ^ ,i4 

>■ t2 T^ "S ^-1 ^ ^ 
■^ g P P i g g 

eg ^ ^ I ^ ^ p 

S CJ d C3 P< Pi Pi 
h S 8 § 9^ Ji 9^ 

I ^ ^ ^ -« 'Pi -^ 



bo biO 

ri*i ,ii| 

(U ID 

6 o o H 15 
< •n'ti & P 

" o. 






LESSON XXXII 



PRINCIPAL PARTS 

of the 
MOST COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS. 



Present 

a awake 
i beat 
j/^ begin 
^ bend 
C'bet 
^ bid 
bind 
bite 
bleed 
blow 
break 
buy 
build 
bum 
burst 
catch 
choose 
come 
cost 
creep 
cut 
dig 
do 

draw 
drink 



Past Past Participle 


was 


been 


awoke 


awaked 


beat 


beat, beaten 


began 


begim 


bent 


bent 


bet 


bet 


bid, bade 


bid, bidden 


bound 


bound 


bit 


bit, bitten 


bled 


bled 


blew 


blown 


broke 


broken 


bought 


bought 


built 


built 


burnt, burned 


burnt, btimed 


burst 


burst 


caught 


caught 


chose . 


chosen 


came 


come 


cost 


cost 


crept 


crept 


cut 


cut 


dug 


dug 


did 


done 


drew 


drawn 


drank 


dnuik 



50 



esent 


Past Past Participle 


drive 


drove 


driven 


dwell 


dwelt 


dwelt 


eat 


ate 


eaten 


fall 


fell 


fallen 


feed - 


fed 


fed 


feel 


felt 


felt 


fight 


fought 


fought* 


find 


found 


• found , 


fly 


flew 


flown 


forget 


forgot 


forgotten 


forsake 


forsook 


forsaken 


freeze 


froze 


frozen 


get 


got 


got 


give 


gave 


given 


go 


went 


gone 


grind 


ground 


ground 


grow 


grew. 


grown 


hang 


hung, hanged 


hung, hanged 


have 


had 


had 


hear 


heard 


heard ■ 


hide 


hid 


hidden, hid 


hit 


hit 


hit 


hold 


held 


held 


hurt 


hurt 


hurt 


keep 


kept 


kept 


kneel 


knelt 


knelt 


knit 


knit' 


knit 


know 


knew 


known 


lead 


led 


led 


leave 


left 


left 


lend 


lent 


lent 


let 


let 


let 



51 



Present 


Past 


Past Participle 


lie 


lay 


lain 


light 


lighted, lit 


lighted, lit 


lose 


lost 


lost 


make 


made 


made 


mean 


meant 


meant 


meet 


met 


met 


put ' 


put , 


put 


quit 


quit 


quit 


read 


read 


read 


rend 


rent 


rent 


ride 


rode 


ridden 


ring 


rang 


rung 


rise 


rose 


risen 


run 


ran 


run 


see 


saw- 


seen 


seek 


sought 


sought 


send 


sent 


sent 


shake 


shook 


shaken 


shine 


shone 


shone 


shoot 


shot 


shot 


show- 


showed 


shown 


shrink 


shrank 


shrunk 


shut 


shut 


shut 


sing 


sang 


sung 


sink 


sank 


sunk 


sit 


sat 


sat 


slay 


slew 


slain 


sleep 


slept 


slept 


slide 


slid 


slid 


smell 


smelt, smelled smelt, smelled 


speak 


spoke 


spoken 


speed 


sped 


sped 



52 



Present 


Past 


Past Participle 


spend 


spent 


spent 


spin 
spit 
spread 


spun 

spit 

spread 


spun 

spit 

spread 


spring 
stahd 


sprang 
stood 


sprung 
stood 


steal 


stole 


stolen 


stick 


stuck 


stuck 


sting 
stink 


stung 
stunk 


stung 
stunk 


strike 


struck 


struck 


string 


strung 


strung 


swear 


swore 


sworn 


sweep 
swell 


swept 
swelled 


swept 
swollen 


swim 


swam 


swum 


take 


took 


taken 


teach 
tear 


taught 
tore 


taught 
torn 


tell 


told 


told 


think 
throw 


thought 
threw 


thought 
thrown 


wear 


wore 


worn 


.weave.. 


wove 


woven 


weep 
wet 


wept 
wet 


wept 
wet 


win 


won 


won 


wind 


wound 


wound 


wring 
write 


wrung 
wrote 


wrung 
written- 



53 



LESSON XXXIII 



ADVERBS. 

when When did you come home? 

where Where did you go? 

how How did you do it? 

why Why did you do it? 

now I am going to work now. 

never I never went there. 

always I always go to bed at ten o'clock. 

early You go to bed early. 

late This is not late. 

often How often do you shave? 

to-day I shall be here to-day and to- 

tomorrow morrow. 

down Come down quickly. 

here Gome here. 

there Go there. 

near Do not come near. 

back Get back. 

below Who lives below? 

above We are above. 

right Keep to your right. 

left Do not keep to your left. 

certainly I certainly would like to have 

some water. 

well ;....! am very well. 

again Come again to-morrow. 

much How much do you want? 

enough That is enough. 

too much Do not give me too much. 

once I went there only once. 

twice He went home twice. 

54 



three times . . . She went home three times. 
four times .... I recited my lesson four times. 

wherever Write me wherever you go. 

whenever Come to see us whenever you 

come to town. 
Perhaps Perhaps he came when I was 

not in. 

not Is dinner ready? Not yet. 

up Come up, John. 

nowhere Where did you go last night? I 

went nowhere last night. 

seldom I seldom go home. 

while. Work while you are strong. 

SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

Explain how to form the adverbs. Show how 
to form adverbs from adjectives. Explain the 
comparison of adverbs. 

EXERCISE. 

1. He sang sweetly. 2. He walks quietly. 3. 
Speak slowly and read carefully. 4. George 
plays well. 5. Speak softly when you are in the 
car. 6. Step lively when you mount a car. 7. 
Do yotir work faithfully and carefully. 8. The 
soldiers fought bravely. 9. Dress not richly, 
but neatly.' 10. They lived happily until they 
died. 11. Speak slowly if you want to be un- 
derstood, and listen carefully if you want to 
understand. 12. Listen very' patiently if you 
want to learn. 13. The sun shines brightly. 
14. Always write plainly. 

S5 



LESSON XXXIV 



PREPOSITIONS. 

about He spoke to me about you. 

above John lives above me. 

across He went across the street. 

according to. . .He is a Uar, according to you, 

after He went after him. 

against He fought against you. 

along He walked along the street. 

among He divided the apple among you. 

between He sat between us. 

around We went around the house. 

before He stood before us. 

through I went through Boston. 

behind ..;... .We went behind the house. 

during He caught only one during the 

day, 

for Do not wait for me. 

from They came from New York. 

like He looks like you, 

of . ; I always think of my friends. 

on I put the book on the table. 

upon He placed it upon it, 

over Jump over the table." 

since He has not eaten since last night. 

till, until Wait till (until) I come. 

in He is in the room. 

into He fell into the water. 

at I will meet you at the comer. 

to He went to school. 



56 



toward He moved toward me. 

with I drink tea with milk. 

without ...... I drink coffee without milk. 

CONJUNCTIONS. 

and You and I are friends. 

because I went because I had to work. 

If Come if you can. 

but I would like to come, but I 

cannot. 

so So you came. 

neither, .nor. .Neither cold nor hot. 
either, .or. . . .Either tea or coffee. 



LESSON XXXV 



ABBREVIATED WORDS USED IN EVERY-DAY 
SPEECH. 

ain't used for. . .am not, are not, is not. 

aren't used for . . . are not. 

can't used for. . .cannot. 

couldn't . . . used for . . . could not. 

don't used for. . .do not. 

didn't used for. . .did not. 

'em used for. . .them. 

haven't used for. . .have npt. 

hadn't. . . .used for. ...had not. 

he'd ...... used for . . . he would, he had. 

he'll used for ... he will. 

I'll used for... I will. 

he's used for . . . he is. 

57 



here's used for . . 

I'd used for. . 

she'd used for . . 

shouldn't . . used for . . 

that's used for. . 

there's. . . .used for. . 
'twasn't . . .used for. . 

'twere used for . . 

'tisn't used for . . 

I'm used for. . 

I've used for. . 

isn't used for . . 

it's used for. . 

let 'em. . . .used for. . 

let's used for. . 

you've .... used for . . 
wouldn't. . . used for . . 

won't used for . : 

oughtn't, . .used for. . 

shan't used for. , 

what's .... used for . . 
Where's .... used for . 

who's used for. 

Messrs ..... used for . 

Mr used for . 

Mrs used for. 

ma'am .... used for . 



.here is. 

. I would, I had. 

.she would, she had. 

. should not. 

. that is. 
. .there is. 
, . it was not. 
. .it were. 
. . it is not. 
. . I am. 
. . I have. 
. . is not. 
. . it is. 
. . let them. 
. . let us. 
. . you have. 
. . would not. 
: .will not. 
. . ought not. 
. . shall not. 
. .what is. 
. .where is. 
. . who is. 
. . Messieurs, Sirs. 
. . Mister. 
. . Mistress. . 
. . Madam. 



SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

Some of the abbreviiated words given above 
should not be encouraged by the teacher. They 
are put here in order that the student may 
recognize them when others use them. 



58 



ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRITING. 

U. S. A for United States of America. 

C. O. D for Collect on Delivery. 

D. C for District of Columbia. 

A. D for In the year of our Lord. 

B. C for Before Christ. 

etc for and so forth. 

M. D for Doctor of Medicine. 

per cent for by the hundred. 

Supt for Superintendent. 

U. S. M for United States Mail. 

A for America. 

Agt for agent. 

A. M for before noon. 

Amer for American. 

Ans for answer. 

Aug for August. 

Ave for avenue. 

Cal for California. 

Ala for Alabama. 

Ariz for Arizona. 

Colo for Colorado. 

Cr for credit, creditor. 

Del for Delaware. 

D. L. O for Dead Letter Office. 

D. M. D for Doctor of Dental Medicine. 

Dr for debtor, Doctor. 

Eng for England. 

Fla for Florida. 

Fri for Friday. 

Ga. for Georgia. 

la for Iowa. 

59 



Id for Idaho. 

Ill for Illinois. 

Ind for Indiana. 

I O U for I owe you. 

Kans for Kansas. 

Ky for Kentucky. 

Jul for July. 

Jr for Junior. 

Jan for January. 

Maj for Major. 

La for Louisiana. 

lb for potind. 

Mass for Massachusetts. 

Me for Maine. 

Messrs for Gentlemen. 

Miss for Mississippi. 

Mich for Michigan. 

Minn for Minnesota. 

Mo for Missouri. 

Mont for Montana. 

M for noon. 

N. C for North Carolina. 

N. D for North Dakota. 

Neb for Nebraska. 

Nev for Nevada. 

N. H for New Hampshire. 

N. J for New Jersey. 

N. Y for New York. 

N. M for New Mexico. 

Nov for November. 

Okla for Oklahoma. 

oz for ounce. 

Pa for Pennsylvania. 



60 



p. S for Postscript. 

Pt for part. 

P. for Post-office. 

R. I for Rhode Island. 

R. R for Railroad. 

S. D for South Dakota. 

,S. C for South Carolina. 

Tenn for Tennessee. 

Tex for Texas. 

U. S for United States. 

Ut for Utah. 

Vt for Vermont. 

Wash for Washington. 

Wis for Wisconsin. 

W. Va for West Virginia. 

Va for Virginia. 

Wyo for Wyoming. 

Xmas for Christmas. 

yd for yard. 

Y. M. C. A... for Young Men's Christian 

Association. 

Y. W. C. A... for Young Women's Christian 

Association. 

Ore for Oregon. 

Ark for Arkansas. 

Conn for Connecticut. 

Md for Maryland. 

O :.for Ohio. 



61 



PART III 



DIALOGUES 



LESSON XXXVI 



USUAL PHRASES. 

V Good morning. 
VOood afternoon. 
vGood evening. 
v/Good night. 
n/How are you? 
v^How do you do? 
J^T i^va.^ipry wpJIj t.hanV ymi ., 

What is it? 

What is 1;he matter? 

Look out! 

Danger! 

Hurry ub >- — - 
yi am hungry. 
\/I"am t ^^TRty — 

What time is it? 

It is five o'clock. 

Thank you. 

Don't mention it. 

Where are you going? 

What is your name? 

My name is John. 

What do you want? 

v/Do you understand? 
/Yes, I understand. 
VyDo you speak EngHsh? 

oJjioJaat-spfiakJElQglislL 
What did you say? 






Excuse me, I did not speak. 
Pardon me. 

65 



I beg your pardisn. 
Keep to the right. 
Keep to the left. 
Up stairSi_ 
Down stairs. 
Get up. 
Come here. 
How many? 
How much? 
Why? 
Because. 
Keep still. 
•Keep qtiiet. 
Good-bye. 
Good day. 
Please. 
It is late. 
It is early. 
Go there. 

A glass of water. ^ 

How long have you been in this country? 
I have been in this country two years. 
To-morrow. 
To-day. 

Where do you live? 
I live on Chestnut Street. 
How old are you? 
I am twenty years old. / 
Do you know me? 
Yes, I know you. 
Come up. 
Come down. 
I am very glad to see you. 



66 



Open the door. 

Close the door. 

Never mind. 

Not responsible for lost articles. 

Entrance. 

Exit. 

Fire. 

Fire-escape. 

Admission. 

Give me a glass of water. 

All right. 

Come on. 

Very well, sir. 

I am tired, 

I think so, 

I am sorry. 

I am glad. 
-You are right. 
-You are wrong. 

You are mistaken. 

Pardon me, I made a mistake. 
- Smoking not allowed. 
-Spitting not allowed. 

I am sure. 

Maxjie. 

Perhaps. 

-Let us go. 

Every day. 

I am afraid. 

Listen. 

Come with me. 
-Put the light on. 
-Put the light out. 

Not yet. 

67 



Always. 

Take off your hat. 
-AH aboard. , 

How are you getting along? 
Keep off the grass. - / 

Railroad crossing — ^look out for the engine. 

SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

These phrases are veiy useful, and are to be 
committed to memory and mastered thoroughly. 

The teacher should not limit himself to these 
phrases. They should serve as a motive to 
further conversation. 



LESSON XXXVII 



/ 



THE WEATHER. 

? Good morning, George. This is fine weather. 
Yes, it is a fine day. We had a beautiful day 
yesterday. 
, It is cloudy now. 
\ I i^filtk we sAall have some snow very soon. 



^ How is the weather? 
' It is a little better now. It was a terrible 
rainfetofm we had yesterday. 

We need the rain. We haven't had rain for 
, two months. ' ^,.> 

Did you see the weather bttlletin this morning? 
• Yes, IJookgd at it while I was passing by 
Jthe square, /' 

m 



The bulletin says that we shall have warm 
weather to-day and to-morrow, with a light 
breeze in the e^^ing. 

It was cold this morning. 

It" is getting warmer liow. 

How is the weather, John? Is it raining or 
snowing? '' 

it was pouring hard about an hour ago, but 
it is hailing nbw. 

, It looks as though we were going to have a 
shower. 

_Do you feel cold, George? 

Yes, I am frozen to death. I am going in to 
get warmed up a little. 

Evefythmg is frozen. I think we shall have 
a show storm. 

Too bad. We cannot skate if it snows. 

No fear of that. The weather is getting milder. 

So much ' thfe worse. Mild weather nifeans 
that we are going to have show. 

What is the weather forecast? 

I don't know. I haven't seen the newspaper 
to-day. 

Here is one. Let us see. , 

— . — ' ^ ^ c- 

It is windy. The weather is very unsettled 

now. It may clear up later. 

We expect this kind of weather in the fall. 
It is damp. 

It is foggy. 

It is misty. 

It hails. 

It thunders. 

69 



It lightens. 

The sun is coming out. 

The ice is melting fast. It will be muddy- 
after the ice melts. 

It is getting dark. We must go. 

It is daylight yet.- 

We have full moon this week. 

The thermometer at my window registered 
five below zero this morning. 

Quite different from mine. My thermometer 
registered two above zero at nine o'clock. 

The sun rises in the East. 

The sun sets in the West. 

The wind blows from the North., 

The South wind is warmer than the North wind. 



LESSON XXXVIII 




TIME. 


year 


afternoon 


month 


night 


week 


midnight 


day 


evening 


horn- 


to-day 


half an holu" 


to-morrow 


quarter ,of an hour 


now 


minute 


the day before yesterday 


second 


the day after to-morrow 


an hour later 


a week from to-day 


night 


a week ago yesterday 


yesterday 


ten days ago 


morning 


one year ago 


forenoon 


next week 


noon 


last month 




70 



THE SEASONS. 

Spring 
Summer 

Autumn (or Fall) 
Winter' 

THE MONTHS OF THE YEAR. 

January " July 

February ' August 

March September 

April October 

May November 

June , _ December 

• THE DAYS .OF THE WEEK. 

Monday Thursday- 

Tuesday Friday 

Wednesday ■ Saturday 

Sunday 

.HOW TO ASK THE TIME. 

What time is it, please? 

It is ten o'clock. 
' It is twenty minutes past ten. 
T^It is half -past ten. 

It is twenty minutes of eleven. 

Jt is^wenty minutes to eleven. 

Tt ig qnprtfvr nf twelve. 
•^It is**5 uarter to twel^Tgr 

It is quarter past two. 

Wliat time does ^ he train leaj ^? 

Tt leaves^ven fifty. 

71 



You are mistaken. It leaves seven twenty- 
five. 



It is noon. 
It is midnight. 



It is afternoon. 

What time is it by your watch? 

My watch has stopped. I forgot to wind it. 

'My watch goes fast. It does not keep good 
time. ~^ 

Mine goes slow. I don't kijow what is the 
matter with it. It is five minutes slow now. I 
must have it fixed. 

Do you have an alarm clock? 

Yes, I have an alarm clock. 

Set the clock for half -past five. 

What time do you have your breakfast? 

I have my breakfas t at six o'clock , my dinner 
at twelve, and my supper at six. 

There are four seasons in one year. 

Name the four seasons. 

Spring, Summer,,,j^^mnn or -Fall,. Winter. 

One year has twelve months. 

A month has four weeks. 

Next year is a ]ga£__year. 
^ Can you name the months of the year? 

January, February, March, April, May, June, 
July, August, September, October, November, 
December. 

Name the days of the week. 

Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, 
Thursday,. Friday, Saturday. 

72 



What day is it to-day? 

To-day is Wednesday. 
^lA^hat is the date to-day? 

To-day is the twelfth of January. 
TWhat day of the month is it to-day? 

To-day is the twentieth of August. 

How long have you been here? 

I have been here two months. 

I came to this town two weeks ago. 

I came here a week ago yesterday. 

I am going away the day after to-morrow. 

I came home ten days ago. 

I>wettt to Boston last month. 

I_am going to New York next week. 

A week from to-day I shall be home. 



LESSON XXXIX 



THE HOUSE AND HOUSE UTENSILS. 





^^OCABULARY. 




landlady 


table-cloth 


mat 


landlord 


basin _ 


_ thread 


Janitor 


towel 


needle 


tenant 


pitcher — ■ 


-Spool : 


house 


soap 


pin 


apartment 


door 


safety-pin 


room 


window — 


- clothes-line 


suite 


window-shade 


kettle 


tenement 


screen' -__ 


_water-pa,i1 


flat 


— blinds ^ 


_ wringer 


kitchen 


key -^ 


saw 



73 



hall 


f)ass-key 


sewing-machine 


drawing-room 


lock 


-~-oil-cloth 


vestibule 


wash-stand 


iron 


parlor 


desk 


— mop 


sitting-room 


chair 


■-^strainer 


stairway _ 


. stool 


ash-sifter 


cellar 


ann-chair 


barrel 


attic 


piano 


pan 


dining-room 


stove 


chimney 


fumittire 


trunk 


wall 


fire-escape 


lamp 


bell 


roof 


knife 


knob 


basement 


fork 


bolt 


yard 


cup 


"" "ceiling 


floor — 


- saucer 


^^ latch 


bed-room 


spoon 


table-spoon 


pantry 


glass 


tea-spoon 


water-closet "^ 


tumbler 


bowl 


toilet 


napkin 


bottle 


furnished 


coffee-pot 


lid 


unfurnished 


tea-pot 


oven 


front 


plate 


,— sieve 


back 


dish 


gas-range 


bath-tub — 


-platter 


sofa 


bath - 


- drawer 


shelf 


curtain 


broom 


sink 


picttire 


match 


bed 


chair 


shovel 


bedstead 


looking-glass 


clock 


cover 


mirror 


scissors 


blanket 


steam heat - 


- fr3dng-pan 


spring 


radiator — 


- funnel 


mattress 


electricity 


tray 


— pillow 



74 



-bureau pot pillow-case 

table cork-screw spread 

-carpet boiler sheet 

'rug , lace curtains quilt 

RENTING A ROOM, A HOUSE. 

To let. Tenement to let. 

To rent. Flat to rent. 

To hire. Apartment to let. 

To lease. Furnished rooms to let. 

To let, a suite of four furnished rooms. 
Electric lights, heat, bath, and use of telephone. 

To let, tenement of five rooms, with all modern 
improvements, pantry, bath, hardwoo(i floors, 
hot water, electric lights, gas. 

Will you please tell me where I can find the 
janitor? 

Yes, he lives upstairs on the second floor. , 
His name is Mr. Cook. 

Good afternoon. Is this Mr. Cook? 

Yes, this is Mr. Cook. 

I read in to-day's paper that you have some 
furnished rooms to rent. May I see them? 

Yes, come right in. This is one of the rooms. 
We charge for this two and a half dollars a 
week. It is a front room and well ftirnished. 
Let me show you the other room. This is one 
dollar and seventy-five cents a week. It isn't a 
front room, but you get the sun all the after- 
noon, and you have just as many conveniences 
as in the other room. 

How is the room heated? 

75 



There is no steam heat on this floor, but you 
can heat the room with gas. 

Have you any rooms to let on the first floor? 

Yes, I have one, but I am afraid the rent will 
be too high for you. 

Will you please let me. see the room on the 
first floor? 

Come, we will go downstairs to see it. This 
is the room. The rent is three dollars and 
•twenty-five cents a week, but you have the use 
of the parlor. You can receive visitors in the 
parlor. You have the use of the piano and of 
the telephone. Here is a closet for your clothes. 

How is the room lighted? 

It is lighted with electricity, and is heated with 
steam heat. Do you think you can afford to 
pay three dollars and twenty-five cents for your 
room? The room is large enough for two. If 
you can- get one of your friends to room with 
you, the rent will not be so high. 

How much do you charge when two persons 
have the room? 

The rent for two is four dollars. 

If I can find some one else to room with me, 
I will have this room, but if I can't find any- 
body, I am afraid I shall have to look around 
for another room. 

Wotold you like to have a room on the third 
floor? I have one room that you can have for 
one dollar and twenty-flve cents. It isn't a very 
large room, but it is pleasant and comfortable. 

Let me see the room, please. 

Here it is. It is not fixed yet, but I shall 

76 



have it ready by this afternoon. I have to 
bring in the furniture from downstairs. There 
are no electric lights in this room. You have to 
use a lamp. You heat the room with gas. 

Can you give me a double bed? I cannot 
sleep in a single bed. 

I haven't any other bed now, but if you wait 
a day or two, I can give you a double one. 

I would like to have one more pillow, a bureau, 
two window-shades, and a blanket. 

Very well, I will have them ready this after- 
noon. Here is the key to the room. This key 
here opens the front door downstairs. 

Shall I pay the rent now? 

Yes, please. I like to have the rent paid in 
advance. Thank you. May I know what 
your name is? 

My name is George Brett. I work in the 
Olivet shoe-factory. 

Good morning, George. I want to rent a 
house, and I don't know where to look for it. 
Do you know of anyone who wants to let a 
house? 

Do you want to rent a whole house, or a floor? 

Well, I don't know yet. I would like to rent 
a whole house if I can, but, of course, I may have 
to rent a flat. 

I don't know of anyone who wants to rent a 
house now, but .we can look in to-day's paper 
and see if we can find one. Sometimes you find 
a good house through the paper. Here is the 
advertisement page. To let. Here is a tene- 
ment of five rooms on Chapel Street. Another 

■77 



one of fotir rooms on Spring Street. There is 
another tenement of seven rooms on Spruce 
Street. Do you like any one of these? The 
tenement on Spring Street ought to be a good one. 
I don't like that. It is too small. We are a 
family of six, and need a large house. The tene- 
ment on Spruce Street may be a good one. I 
like the location, too. I will go and see it. Good- 
bye, George. Thank you for your help. 

Is this the landlady? 

Yes, this is Mrs. Brown, the landlady. 

I saw in the paper that you wish to rent a 
tenement in this house. 

Yes, I have a tenement here. Come right in, 
and let us go up and see it. There are seven 
rooms in all, a dining-room, a parlor, three bed- 
rooms, a bath-room and a kitchen. You have 
all the conveniences here. Electric lights, steam 
heat, hot water, hardwood floors, bath, window- 
shades, a large shed in the yard, and you can 
use part of the cellar if you wish. Every room 
is clean, free of bedbugs, and well lighted. 

How much do you charge for rent? 

The rent is eighteen dollars a month. 

Very well, Mrs. Brown. This tenement suits 
me. When can I move in? 

You can move any time to-morrow. The 
rooms will be ready this afternoon. 

What is the arrangement abput the rent? 

The rent must be paid in advance on the 
first day of every month. You can pay now or 
you may pay when you move in to-morrow. 

I have not enough money with me to pay you 
to-day, but I will pay you to-morrow. 

78 





LESSON XL 




TRADES. 


actor 


manager 


agent 


— , mason 


author 


mechanic 


baker 


merchant 


banker 


"-"^milliner 


barber 


minister 


blacksmith 


motor-man 


— brakeman 


musician 


business-man 


'-"'^oculist 


butcher 


painter 


carpenter 


,, — 'peddler 


clerk 


photographer 


commissioner 


physician 


conductor 


porter 


cook 


postman 


dentist 


postmaster 


doctor 


priest 


dress-maker 


printer 


driver 


professor 


druggist 


publisher 


. editor 


sailor 


engineer 


servant 


farmer 


shoemaker 


florist 


soldier 


fruit-dealer 


stenographer 


grocer 


stone-cutter 


head-waiter 


student 


hotel-keeper 


superintendent 


instructor 


surgeon 


interpreter 


tailor 



79. 



janitor teacher 

jeweler typewriter 

lawyer watchmaker 

letter-carrier weaver 

mail-man workman 

THE EMPLOYMENT BUREAU. 

.Good morning, sir. I am out of work, and I 
wish to find something to do. What positions 
do you have to-day? 

What can you do? What did you do before? 
What kind of work do you want? 

I don't care what it is. I have been without 
work for about a month, and I must find some- 
thing now. 

Where were you employed before? 

I worked in a hotel as a waiter, and as a head- . 
waiter also. 

Why did you leave your job? 

I left it because I wanted more money. 

Fill this application here, and come back to- 
morrow morning. I believe I can give you a 
position to-morrow. 

Thank you, sir. Good day. 

Are you the man that was here yesterday 
afternoon? 

Yes, sir. You told me to come back to-day. 

Come over to the desk. Sit down. What is 
your name? 

My name is James Miller. 

They need a waiter in a country hotel. Can 
you go? 

Yes, sir. I can go anywhere. 

. 80 



Take this letter with you, and give it to the 
manager of the hotel. Your salary will be 
twenty-five dollars a month. Of course there 
is a chance for you to make some tips, too. 

What is the fee for this position? 

The fee is two dollars. If you lose your job 
in two days, half of the money will be given 
back to you. 

What kind of work are you looking for? 

Can you tell me what kind of work you have? 

I need some farm laborers. Do you want to 
work on a farm? 

Yes, I do. What is the pay. 

The pay is twenty-eight dollars a month, 
your board, room and washing. Here are some 
other kinds of work. Railroad work. One 
dollar and fifty cents per day. The Company 
provides for sleeping quarters. 

How far is it from here? 

It is near Chicago. The Company will pay 
your fare, and your return fare also. If you 
don't like the work, you can come back. 

Do you have anything else? 

Yes, here is another kind of work. I can give 
you a job in a coal mine in Pennsylvania. The 
pay is one dollar and seventy-five cents. Do 
you want to go to a lunjber camp? It isn't far 
from here. You can come to the city every 
Saturday to see your friends. The work is not 
very hard. You get two dollars a day and your 
room. The board is very cheap up there. You 
don't have to spend any extra money. Are you 
a Union man? 

81 



Yes, I belong to the Union. 

Do you want to sign the contract? There is 
another group of laborers who leave next Mon- 
day. If you want to go, you have time enough 
to get ready and go with them. 

I don't know what to do. I will think it 
over. I will talk over the matter with my family, 
and I wUl let you know by to-morrow afternoon. 
Will that be all right? 

Yes. Please let me know as soon as you can. 



LESSON XLI 



THE RESTAURANT VOCABULARY. 





TABLE UTENSILS. 


table 


cork-screw 


chair 


pitcher 


table-cloth 


bowl 


napkin 


bottle 


fork 


tea-pot 


spoon 


coffee-pot 


tea-spoon 


' catsup 


soup-spoon 


mustard 


knife 


salt 


cup 


pepper 


plate 


salt-cellar 


dish 


^_^ pepper-caster 


saucer 


glass 


water 


bill of fare 


vinegar 


menu 


platter 


tray 



82 





BREAKFAST. 


oatmeal 


cakes . 


corn-flakes 


^^^ritters 


grape-nuts 


liver 


shredded wheat 


bacon 


rolls 


meat hash 


biscuits 


pork chops 


crackers 


sausage 


milk 


cream toast 


doughnuts 


fried eggs 


coffee 


boiled eggs 


tea 


scrambled eggs 


cocoa 


_,^- dropped eggs 


griddle cakes 


omelet 


dry toast 


plain omelet 


buttered toast 


steak 




small steak 




DINNER. 


Soups 


Sandwiches 


rice soup 


egg sandwich 


tomato soup 


chicken sandwich 


chicken soup 


cheese sandwich 


broth 


ham sandwich 


vegetable soup 


^minced ham sandwich 


pea soup 


roast beef sandwich 


macaroni soup 


sardine sandwich 


clam chowder 




fish chowder 




corn chowder 


* 



83 



MEATS, STEAKS, CHOPS AND FISH. 



—sirloin stea,k 


kidneys 


large sirloin steak 


baked beans 


small sirloin steak 


frankftirters 


boiled beef 


sausage 


beefsteak 


bologna sausage 


--43eef-stew 


fricasseed lamb 


roast beef 


chicken 


corned beef 


chicken dinner 


lamb chops 


turkey 


leg of lamb 


^ fried tripe 


roast lamb 


codfish 


roast mutton ^ 


^ mackerel 


mutton chops ^^ 


-—halibut 


/ roast veal 


salmon 


pork chops 


fish cakes 


roast pork 


meat hash 


bacon 


trout 


boiled ham 


fried oysters 


fried ham 


clam stew 


bacon and eggs 


oyster stew 


ham and eggs 


fried oysters 


hamburger steak 


raw oysters 


minced meat 


salad 


minced meat on toast 


/gravy 


liver 


/ dressing 


VEGETABLES. 


French fried potatoes 


olives 


mashed potatoes ' 


squash 


boiled potatoes 


beets 


baked potatoes 


turnips 


Lyonnaise potatoes 


cucumber 



84 



green peas 
string beans 
tomatoes 
com 
-lettuce 



cake 
pie 

cream cake 
apple pie 
cream pie 
mince pie 
raisin pie 
squash pie 
pumpkin pie 
custard pie 
chocolate pie 
cocoanut pie^ 



cauliflower 

onion 

cabbage 

radish 

celery 



PIES AND FRUITS. 

lemon pie 
orange pie 
cherty pie 
pineapple pie 
strawberry pie 
blueberry pie 
blackberry pie 
pudding 
jelly 
banana 
orange 
walnut 



apple 
pear 
peach 
grape 
grape fruit 
water-melon 
x;antaloupe 
plum 

strawberry- 
pineapple 
date 
nut 



IN THE RESTAURANT. 

I am hungry. I haven't had my breakfast 
yet. I must eat something. 

Where do you take your breakfast? 

I -take my breakfast at the City restaurant. 

Come with me. Let us have breakfast 
together. 

Have you given your order? 

No, I have not. Let me have some oatmeal and 
cream, a cup of coffee, hot rolls, and two fried eggs. 

What will you have? 

I would like to have an order, of pork chops, 
a cup of black tea, an ord€r of griddle cakes, 
and some doughnuts. 

85 



Is there anything else you wish to have? 
No, thank you, unless the other gentleman 
wishes to have something else. 

No, thank you, I have had enough. 

Has anybody taken your order? 

No. Give me some milk and crackers, an 
order of buttered toast, and a cup of coffee. 

Waiter, bring me a .glass of water and a tea- 
spoon, please. 

What time is it? 

It is almost time for dinner. Do you want to 
have your dinner with me? 

Certainly. I will be with you in five minutes. 

I am ready. Where shall we go? 

Where do you take your dinner? 

I usually go to the Dairy Lvmch. They serve 
good food' there, and the prices are low, too. 

Let us go there, then. 

Waiter, hand me a bill of fare, please. Do 
you serve a special dinner to-day? 

Yes, we do. Here is the special dinner, 
chicken soup, roast chicken, green peas, coffee 
or tea, pie and pudding. 

I don't think I will have the special dinner. 
Let me have some vegetable soup, an order of 
roast beef, baked potatoes, a side of beans, and 
a cup of coffee. 

What wiU you have? 

I will have some tomato soup, an order of 
roast lamb, boiled potatoes, and a cup of tea. 
Bring me some crackers with the soup, too. 



86 



This meat is too tough. Will you bring me 
a tender piece of meat? 

What will you have for dessert? 

Have you any raisin pie this noon? 

We have no raisin pie to-day. We have apple^ 
chocolate, lemon, orange, custard, cherry, and 
squash. 

I will have a piece of lemon pie. 

Will you have the same kind of pie? 

No, I will have apple, and a glass of milk. 

This milk is sour. I would like to have it 
changed. 

Do you serve any fruit here? 

Yes, Sir, we have all kinds of fruits. You will 
find a list of them on the bill of fare. 

Let me have an orange and two bananas. 
What will you have, George? 

I will have some grapes. 

Do you serve any drinks here? 

No, Sir, we serve no drinks here. Do you wish 
to have anything else? 

Do you put up lunches to take out? 

Yes, we do. What will you have? 

I would like to have two egg sandwiches, 
some buttered toast, and a piece of apple pie. 

How much is it for the two of us? 

One dollar and thirty-five cents,' with the 
lunch. Please pay to the cashier. 

Good-bye, George. I shall see you to-night 
at supper. 

What time do you take your supper? 

I take my supper at half past six. 

87 





LESSON XLII 


THE CLOTHING STORE AND THE DE 




MENT STORE. 




VOCABULARY. 


suit 


pocket-book 


cloth 


towel 


clothes 


napkin 


tailor 


umbrella 


order 


parasol 


overcoat 


dark color 


coat 


light color 


trousers 


black 


pants 


white 


vest 


red 


raincoat 


brown 


hat 


green 


cap 


gray 


shirt 


purple 


collar 


orange 


underwear 


yellow 


drawers 


blue 


stockings 


shirt-front 


garters 


dress 


apron 


sheet 


button 


pillow 


button-hole 


pillow-case 


collar-button 


curtain 


cuff-button 


mark-down sale 


belt 


clearance sale 


gloves 


traveling-bag 


sleeve 


suit-case 



88 



lining 


shawl 


han&erchief 


muff 


neck-tie 


sweater 


suspenders 


night-shirt 


pocket 


rubber-coat 


union suit 


short 


jacket 


long 


cotton 


wide 


wool 


tight 


silk 


narrow 


linen 


thick 


velvet 


thin 


purse 


light 




heavy 



IN THE CLOTHING STORE. 

We buy our clothes from the clothing store. 

I always buy. ready-made suits. You can buy 
them cheaper. 

Perhaps you are right, but I never liked a 
ready-made suit. I always have a suit made 
to order. You pay a little more for suits made 
to order, but they fit you better, and last longer. 
They are made carefully, and the lining is better. 
I had a suit made to order three years ago, and 
I have it yet. No ready-made suits for me. 

I like a suit made to order, myself, but I 
can't spare the money now. I think I shall 
buy a ready-made suit. Where do you buy 
your clothes? 

I buy them from the Department Store. It 
is a reliable place, and they treat you well. If 
there is something the matter with your clothes, 

89 



you can take them back and have them changed 
or altered. 

Do you know anybody in the Department 
Store? 

Yes, I know the clerk in the Clothing Depart- 
ment. 

Let us go up together and buy a suit. 

Let us go. 

I want to buy a stiit of clothes. 

What kind of suit do you wish to have? 
Light, dark, a summer or a winter suit? 

I want a blue suit for the summer. I don't 
want it very heavy. 

We have quite a variety of blue suits here. 
Let me show you some of them. Here is a suit 
that is very popular this season. 

I don't like the color of it. I like a very dark 
blue suit. 

Here is a darker color. Try it on, and let us 
see how it fits you. 

The cloth is too thick. I want it a little 
lighter. 

How much do you want to pay for your suit? 

About eighteen dollars. 

Here is a good sviit that you can have for 
twenty-one dollars. Its regular price is twenty- 
five doUars. 

I like the color of that. Let me see how it 
fits me. 

Take off your coat and vest. 

The coat is a little too long. The sleeves are 
too wide. 

90 



We can alter the coat. It wouldn't cost you 
anything. It is a good suit. It fits you well on 
the back. 

Let me see the pants of" this suit. Shall I 
try them on, or will you take the measure? 

You had better try them on. 

The trousers are long and tight. 

How long do you want them? Do you want 
them with ctiifs? 

Yes, I'll have cuffs on them. 

How wide do you want the cttffs? 

About three inches. 

Do you wear a belt all the time? 

No, I use suspenders most of the time. 

Do you think you like this suit? 

I think so. I don't know how good the stuff is. 

The stvtff is guaranteed. If it loses its color, 
bring it back and we'll change it for you. 

When will you have it ready? 

It will be ready this afternoon at three. Will 
you call for it, or shall we send it to you? 

I will call for it this afternoon. 

Is there anything else you wish to have? 

I would like to have two shirts and four collars. 

What size shirt dp you wear? 

Fifteen, 

Do you want something white? 

Yes, I want it plain white. 
' What kind of collar do you want? 

Quite high, and closed in frotit. 

What size collar do you wear? 

Fifteen and a half. I also want a hat. 

Do you like a derby, a soft hat, a cap, or a 
straw hat? 

91 



I would like to have a derby. 

Here is a hat that is used very much this 
season. 

I don't like this hat. The brim is too wide. 

Here is another one, with a narrow brim. 

I like this better. What size is it? 

Six and seven-eighths. 

What is the price of this hat? 

Two dollars. 

Put this with my stiit, and I'll caU for it this 
afternoon. 

Is there anything else you wish to have? 

No, nothing for the present. 

Probably your friend wants something. 

I would like to have a suit made to order. 
Have you any good cloth to show me? 

Yes, we have all kinds of new patterns. They 
came in this morning. You are the first one to 
look them 'Over. Here is a cloth that will make 
a good spring suit. It is of light color, and light 
in weight. 

Do you have something darker than this? 

Here are some other colors. Here is a brown 
cloth, and here is a grey. 

I don't like the brown. It is too thick. I 
want something lighter. I like this grey cloth 
pretty well. Take my measure. I think I'll 
have a stiit made of this stuff. How much will 
it cost, coat, vest and pants? 

Twenty-five dollars. 

I don't want the trousers too long. 

How wide would you like to have your 
trousers? 

92 



I don't want them very narrow. Make them 
the same width as those I have on. 

How long do you want your coat? 

About one inch shorter than the one I have on. 

How many buttons will you have on your 
coat? 

Three. 

What kind of lining do you wish to have in 
your coat? Here are two colors, a brown and 
a grey. 

I think the grey goes belter with the grey 
cloth. 

Yes, sir, we'll use the grey lining. 

How much money do you want for deposit? 

Five dollars. 

When will you have the suit ready? 

It will be ready two weeks from to-day. 
Come in a week from to-morrow to try the coat 
on. Is there something else you wotild like to 
have? 

I would like to have a half dozen handker- 
chiefs, a pair of garters, a necktie, a pair of 
stockings, and two towels. Put them all to- 
gether in one bundle. 

Good-bye. Be stire and come in a week from 
to-morrow to try the coat on. 



93 



LESSON XLIII 



THE shoe' STORE. 


shoe-store 


shoe-polish 


shoe 


shoe-lace 


boots 


shoe-string 


high 


niunber 


low 


size 


leather 


stretch 


tan 


pointed 


black 


button-shoe 


red 


lace-shoe 


shoe-horn 


patent-leather 


button-hook 


rubbers 


soles 


slippers 


heel 


pair 


nail 


tight 


repair 


last 


shoe-blacking 


shine 




shoe brush 



IN THE SHOE STORE. 



Where is there a good 
They sell good 



I need a pair of shoes, 
shoe-store, John? 

There is one on this corner, 
shoes there at a low price. 

Thank you, John. I am going there right 
now. 

Good morning, sir. I would like to have a 
pair of shoes. 

What kind of shoes would you like to have? 

Let me see some black high shoes. 



94 



Button shoes, or lace shoes? 

Button shoes. 

What number do you wear? 

Seven and a half. 

Here is a shoe that is very comfortable. 

I don't like the shape of that shoe. It is too 
pointed. 

Let me show you some other kinds. Here is 
a shoe that isn't pointed. Try it on, and see 
how it fits you. 

They are too small. I can't put them on. 
Give me another pair, half a size larger. 

These are seven and a half. Try them on. 

I can't wear them. They are too tight. I 
am afraid they'll bother me. 

Don't be afraid. These shoes will stretch 
after you wear them for a while. 

I have a corn on my toe. I don't want to 
take any chances. 

We have all kinds of shoes here. We ought 
to find a pair that will fit you. Would you like 
a pair of low shoes? They are good shoes for 
the summer. 

I don't like low shoes. Let me see a pair of 
high lace shoes. 

Black, or tan? 

Black. 

Do you want them with high or low heels? . 

With -very low heels, if you have them. 

Try this pair on. How does it fit you? 

It fits me just right. I'll have this pair. 
What is the price? 

The price of this pair is four dollars. 

95 



Do you keep patent leather shoes here? 

Yes, we do. 

Let me see a pair of them, please. 

Here is a pair of shoes that we guarantee. If 
they are cracked within four months, bring them 
back, and we will change them for you. 

What nurhber are they? 

These are seven and a half. Put them on. 

What is the price of these shoes? 

The price of these is six dollars. They are 
shoes of high quality. We give you a pair of 
silk shoe strings with them, too. 

I'll have this pair, also. 

Do you want them in a box? 

Do you do any repairing here? 

Yes, we do all kinds of repairing here. 

Then I'll wear that pair, and leave my old 
shoes to be rejiaired. I want soles put on. 

Do you want the soles sewed on, or nailed on? 

I want them sewed on. Please put rubber 
heels on. Let me have a shoe-horn and a button- 
hook, please. How much are they? 

We don't charge anything for them. We give 
them free. Is there anything else you would 
like to have? 

I need a pair of slippers. 

Tan, or black. 

Tan. 

Do you want a shoe-brush, or any shoe- 
blacking? 

Do you have a good shoe-polish? 

Yes, here is a bottle of shoe-polish that keeps 
the leather clean and Soft. 



96 



How much is this? 




Twenty-five 


cents. 




I also need a 


, pair of rubbers. 


These are seventy-five cents. Those are one 


dollar. 






I'll have these, here. 






LESSON XLIV 


THE GROCERY STORE. 


grocer 




milk 


market 




sardines 


pint 




fish 


quart 




beans 


gallon 




beef 


pound 




steak 


inch 




veal 


foot 




pork 


yard 




chops 


ounce 




lamb 


weigh 




mutton 


measure 




leg 


penny 




chicken 


cent 




turkey 


dime 




sausage 


nickel 




baker 


quarter 




bakery 


dollar 




white bread 


can 




brown bread 


bag 




cake 


bread 




pie 


loaf 




biscuit 



97 



salt 


fresh 


pepper 


stale 


canned tomatoes 


catsup 


sugar 


rice 


coffee 


onions 


tea 


ham 


cocoa 


bacon 


butter 


salmon 


lard 


mustard 


cheese 


crackers 


soap 


condensed milk 


powder 


grease 


flour 


rolls 


vinegar 


doughnuts 


oil 


dry- 


olive-oil 


soft 


kerosene oil 


oysters 


olives 


match 


eggs 


coal 



IN THE GROCERY STORE. 

What are we going to have for supper, John? 

I don't know. There isn't a thing in the 
house. We must buy something for to-morrow. 
Telephone to the grocer to send us half a dozen 
eggs, a can of tomatoes, and a loaf of breaid. 
We'll fry some eggs for supper. Later I am 
going out to buy something for to-morrow. 

You had better go now, because the store 
closes at six. 

I am goin g as soon as I get ready. The store 
does not close at six to-night. To-morrow is 
Sunday. 

What do you have for meats to-day? 

98 



Here is our special list for to-day: 

Leg of lamb 22c lb. 

Lamb chops 16c lb. 

Native fowl 25c lb. 

Veal roasts 17c lb- 

Beef to roast 22c lb. 

Corned beef 15c lb. 

Hamburg steak 17c lb. 

Pig sausage 18c lb. 

Boiled ham 35c lb. 

Sirloin steak 35c lb. 

Native pork roast 20c lb. 

Fores of spring lamb ..16c lb. 

Lamb, stew 10c lb. 

Bean pork lie lb. 

Sliced bacon. 15c lb. 

I'll have a pound of corned beef, and half a 
pound of boiled ham. Do you keep fresh eggs 
here? 

Yes, we do. They are strictly fresh. 

How much are they a dozen? 

Twenty-six cents a dozen. 

I also want some fish. 

We have fresh mackerel, halibut, and salmon. 

How much are they a pound? 

Salmon fifteen cents a pound; mackerel eight 
cents a pound, and halibut thirteen cents a 
potmd. 

Let me have a pound of mackerel, a pound of 
cheese, half a pound of butter, four pounds of 
rice, and one can of pork and beans. 

Is there anything ^Ise you wish to have? 



99 



I would like to buy many other things, but 
I can't carry them home. 

You buy what you want, and we'll put them 
in a basket and send them to you before we 
close to-night. 

Let me ha,ve three pounds of sugar, two boxes 
of matches, one pound of tea, one pound of 
coflEee, two cans of condensed milk, one package 
of com starch, half a poimd of lard, a bag of 
fiotir, two loaves of bread, one gallon of kerosene 
oil, and three bars of soap. 

To what address shall I send them? 

Send them to 42 Court Street. 

What kind of pies do you have? 

We have apple, cream, mince, raisin, squash, 
custard, chocolate, lemon, orange, cherry, pine- 
apple, strawberry, and blueberry. 



100 



LESSON XLV 



THE FRUIT STORE AND THE CONFECTION- 
ERY STORE. 



soda ice-cream can 


.dy choc( 




Fruits and Vegetables. 


fresh 


turnips 


mushrooms 


ripe 


pumpkins 


pepper 


green 


squash 


wheat 


rotten 


onions 


corn 


fruit-dealer 


lettuce 


grain 


vegetables 


tomatoes 


peas 


apple 


cucumber 


raisins 


banana 


celery- 


currants 


melon 


cauliflower 


asparagus 


cranberries 


cabbage 


prunes 


grapes 


string beans 


raspberries 


grape-fruit 


beans 


cherry 


lemon 


potatoes 


apricot 


orange 


chestnut 


olive 


pineapple 


walnuts 


mulberries 


strawberries 


almonds 


pear 


figs 


beets 


plum 


dates 


carrots 


egg-plant 


nuts 


spinach 


garlic 


peanuts 


radishes 


peaches 


watermelon 


parsley 





What do you have for vegetables to-day? 
We have lettuce, squash, spinach, carrots, 
beets, string beans, tomatoes, and turnips. 
Are the tomatoes fresh? 

101 



All these vegetables came in this morning. 
They are all fresh. 

How much do you ask for the tomatoes? 

Ten cents a quart. 

Let me have two quarts. Don't give me 
those green ones. I want to use them right 
away. How much do you ask for the lettuce? 

Five cents a bunch. 

I'U have three bunches. 

Do you wish for any fruit to-day? 

Do you have anything that is fresh? 

Our peaches are ripe and fresh. 

I don't think I'll have any peaches this morn- 
ing. They are not good at this season. 

Would you like some bananas? 

How much are they? 

These are fifteen cents a dozen. Those are 
twenty cents a dozen. 

I'll have half a dozen of the twenty-cent ones. 

We have some good watermelons to-day. 
They are sweet and large. 

How do you sell them? 

We sell them for fifty cents each. I'll put 
one in the ice-box if you wish. 

Let me have that one there. 

Will you take them with you, or shall I send 
them to the house? 

I'U take the tomatoes and the lettuce with 
me. You can send the others with the water- 
melon about eleven o'clock. 

Are the peanuts hot? 
Yes, they are. 

Give me one pint. How do you seU your 
oranges? 

102 



We have different kinds of oranges. Twenty- 
five, thirty-five, fifty, and sixty cents a dozen. 
They are large and juicy. 

I'll have one dozen of the fifty cent ones. 
Do you keep any lemons here? 

Yes, we do. Three for ten cents, and five 
cents apiece. 

Let me have three for ten cents. Do you sell 
bananas by the bunch? I need them for the 
picnic to-morrow. 

How many bunches do you want? 

Four bunches. 

I can sell you four bunches for eleven dollars. 

Do you sell candy here? 

Yes. This is a confectionery and fruit store. 
We keep candy, chewing-gums, ice-creams, 
sodas, cigars, and cigarettes. 

How do you sell your chocolates? 

Do you want them in boxes, or by the pound? 

How much are these a pound? 

These are thirty cents a pound. 

Give me half a pound of these, and half a 
pound of those. What drinks do you have? 

Ice-cream sodas of all flavors, pineapple, 
lemon, orange, ginger ale, strawberry, coffee, 
coca cola, chocolate, grape, peach, and cherry. 

I'll have a lemon ice-cream soda. 

What will you have? 

I'll have a plate of ice-cream with strawberries 
on it. 

Is there anything else you wish to have? 

I want a pound of assorted chocolates, a 
quart of ice-cream, a pound of figs, and half a 
pound of salted peanuts. 

103 





LESSON XLVI 




THE BARBER SHOP.. 


back 


mustache 


bald 


part 


barber 


, powder 


bay rum 


razor 


beard 


round 


blade 


safety razor 


brush 


scalp 


close shave 


scissors 


cold cream 


shampoo 


comb 


sharpen 


cut 


shave 


dry- 


shaving brush 


dull 


shaving cup 


hair 


shaving soap 


hair brush 


side 


hair cut 


short 


hone 


straight 


lather 


strap 


long 


top 


looking glass 


towel 


massage 


trim 


mirror 


wash 


wet 






THE BARBER SHOP. 



I want to have my hair cut. 

Yes, sir. How do you want it? 

I want it short on the sides and on the back. 
Don't touch it on the top. Please don't cut it 
too short on the sides. 

104 



Do you shave yotir neck? 

No, I don't. Cut my hair straight down with 
the machine as close as you can. 

Look in the mirror and see how you Uke it 
now. 

Take off a little from the top. It is a little 
too long. I have my hair trimmed every week. 

Wet or dry? 

I want my hair wet. 

How do you part yotir hair? 

I comb my hair in the middle. 

Would you like to have a shampoo? 

No, I have no time for a shampoo.' I must 
go to work at one o'clock. 

I have twenty minutes more. Give me a 
shave. 

Do you want a close shave? 

Yes, as close as you can. I am going to a 
party to-night, and I want to look clean. Please 
put some bay rum and powder on my face. 

I also wish to have a massage. What kind 
of cold cream do you use? 

We have many kinds. Which one do you 
want? 

Use any one. I don't care. 

Anything else you wish to have? Do you 
want your hair washed? 

No, I have no time for that. I am five 
minutes late now. I must go to work. How 
much is it? 

Fifty' cents. Thank you. Next! 

By the way, my razor is dull, and I would 
like to have it honed. Could you sharpen it 
forme? 

105 



Yes, sir. I will have it ready for you by to- 
morrow noon. You can drop in and get it any 
time after twelve o'clock. 

Do you sell any razor straps here? 

No, we sell shaving brushes, shaving cups, 
and shaving soap, but not razor straps. You 
can get one in a drug store. 

Thank you. Good day. 



LESSON XLVII 


THE POST OFFICE. 


address 


package 


application 


parcel 


blank fonu 


parcel post 


box 


peimy stamp 


cash 


please forward 


deliver 


postage 


domestic 


postage stamp 


envelope 


postal card 


five-cent stamp 


postman 


foreign 


postmaster 


forward 


prove 


general delivery 


receive 


general post ofl&ce 


receiver 


identify 


receipt 


identity 


register 


information window 


. registered letter 


letter 


registry 


letter box 


remitter 


letter carrier 


rent 



106 



mail rent a box 
mail-man special delivery- 
money two cent stamp 
money order United States Mail 
one cent stamp value 
weigh 

THE POST OFFICE. 

Will you please tell me where the General 
Post Office is? 

Yes, sir. It is on Chestnut Street, .between 
High and Pine Streets. If you want to go by 
car, the King Street car will take you there in 
three minutes. 

Thank you, sir. 

Register this letter, please. 

Fifteen cents. Here is your receipt. 

May I have a special delivery stamp, please? 

Here is a special delivery stamp for you. 

Give me a money order blank, please. 

Do you want a domestic money order, or a 
foreign? 

I want a foreign money order. 

For what country? 

For Russia. 

Here is 'a money order blank written in Rus- 
sian. Can you read Russian? 

I want a domestic money order blank, too. 

You will find one on the desk. 

What shall I write on it? 

Write your name, the amount of money you 
are sending, and the name of the person to 
whom you are sending the money, with his 
address. 

107 




May I have a receipt for this, please? 
3, here is yotir receipt. 

Has the mailman come yet? 

No, he has not come. He is a little late to-day. 

Oh, here he comes. Ask him if he has a 
letter for me. 

Any letter for me? 

What is your name? 

My name is John Smith. 

Nothing for you to-day. 

Is there a letter for George Blucken? 

Yes, here is a registered letter for him. Where 
is he now? 

He is in the house. Do you want me to Call 
him? 

Yes. He must sign before I give him the 
letter. 

There is a registered letter for you in the 
post office. 

Is there a registered letter for J. Brown? 

Yes, there is one, but you must prove your 
identity before I give you the letter. Do you 
know anybody in this city who can identify 
you? 

I don't know anybody. I am a stranger in 
this city. Here are some old letters addressed 
to me. You can see my name on the envelope. 

Very well, sir. This will do. Sign your name 
here. 

I want to change my address. WiU you give 
me a blank form? Please forward my letters to 
this address. 



108 



Weigh this letter, please. 

Three cents. 

Give me one two-cent stamp. 

Give me three two-cent stamps.. 

Give me one five-cent stamp. 

Give me two one-cent stamps. 

Give me five postal cards. 

Here is a package for you. 

Weigh this parcel, please. 

I want to rent a box for my letters. 

You can get yoiu- letters in a box, or you can 
get them here at the general delivery window. 

I had better have my letters come to my 
house. It is too far to go to the post office. 

Mail these letters for me. 

Money order department. 

Registry and stamp department. 

General delivery. 

Vakiable letters and parpels should be sent by 
registered mail. 

Parcel post packages. 

Postal money order. 

Domestic money order. 

Valuable mail should be registered or insured. 

Receipts showing delivery will be returned to 
senders of registered mail, if requested at the 
time of mailing. 

Postmaster's office. 

Postal savings. 

Carrier's delivery. 



109 



(Form No. 6001) 

THIRD ASSISTANT POSTMASTER GENERAL 
DIVISION OF MONEY ORDERS 



No. 

stamp of Isstiini Oflice 



The Postmaster 
will insert 



DOLLARS 


CENTS 







here 

the office drawn on, when the office named by 

the reroittCT in the body of this appUcation is not a Money Order Office. 

Spaces above this line are for the Foatmaster's record, to be filled in by him. 

Application for Domestic Money Order 



Amount 



below to IM filled In by purchaser, w, II necessary, 
by another person for him 

;. Dollars 



Pay to \ 
Order of / 



..Cents 



(Name of person or firm for whom order is intended) 



Whose 
Address 



3se ] 
Iress > 
is J 



No.. 



..Street 



Post ' 
Office i 



State.. 



Sent by . 



(Name of Sender) 



Address 1 

of 
sender J No.. 



..Street 



PURCHASER MUST SEND ORDER AND COUPON TO PAYEE 

110 



LESSON XLVIII 



:legraph and 


TELEPHONE OFFIC 


telegraph 


local 


telegraph office 


long distance 


telegram 


slot 


answer 


nickel 


pay 


dime 


word 


quarter 


desk 


receiver 


count 


mouth-piece 


address 


Central 


messenger 


operator 


sender 


number 


forward 


hook 


deliver 


connect 


blank 


line busy 


dispatch 


Information 


day letter 


out of order 


night letter 


ring 


pay station 


coin 


booth 


drop 


telephone 


hello 


directory 


call 



IN THE TELEGRAUH AND TELEPHONE OF- 
FICE. 

My brother arrived in New York yesterday. 
I must send him a telegram to let him know 
that I am here. Let us go to the telegraph 
office, John. We'll be back in about half an 
hour. 

Ill 



No, I cannot go. I have to go to the photog- 
rapher's. I am going to have my picture taken 
to-day. 

Go there after we come back. 

I must go now, because I have an appoint- 
ment with the photographer at eleven o'clock. 
I am sorry I can't go with you. 

Never mind, John. 

I want to send a telegram. 

Here is a telegram form. Write on it what 
you wish to say. Write in plain English. 

How much do you want for it? 

Count the words. How many words are 
there? 

There are twenty-two words. 

Fifty cents. 

You pay less for a night letter. 

Write carefully and plainly your address, and 
the address to which the telegram goes. Write 
the telegram in plain English. 

A messenger takes the telegram and delivers it. 

Pay for the answer if you are anxious to have 
one. 

Answer paid. 

TELEGRAM. 

Boston, Mass., Jan. 4, 1914. 
To John Brown, 
42 Broadway, 

New York City. 
Goods arrived. Business rushing. Come at 
once. G. Sanford, 

22 Spring Street, 
Boston, Mass. 
112 



In the business sections of a city there are 
many telephone pay stations from which you 
can call up any one you wish. 

Look up in the latest directory the telephone 
number of the person whom you wish to call 

^P- . . ■ . 

Lift the receiver from the hook, and give the 

number to the operator. Give the numbers one 

by one. 476-6, four-seven-six, ring six. If the 

line is busy, hang up the receiver, and call again 

in a few minutes. 

If you cannot find the telephone number in 
the directory, caU up the operator, and ask for 
"Information." 

The person in charge of the "Information" 
will give you the number. 

When you wish to call up a person who lives 
outside of the city, call the operator, and ask 
for "Toll Operator." 

Give the telephone number to the "Toll 
Operator," and he will open the line for you. 

George, somebody called you on the telephone 
about half an hotir ago. 

Who was it, do you know? 

I don't know. He left his telephone number. 
You'U find it on your desk. 

Thank you. I'll call him up right away. 

Central. 

Give me nine-two-seven, ring eight, please. 
(927-8.) 

Hello. Is this nine-two-seven, ring eight? 
(927-8.) 

Yes. 

113 

8 



Is Peter there? 

No, he just went out. He will be back in 
about half an hour. 

Thank you. I'll call him up again later. 

Operator. 

Give me nine-two-seven ring eight, please. 

Line busy. 

Central. 

Give me nine-two-seven, ring eight, please. 

Hello. 

Is this Peter? 

Yes, this is Peter. 

This is George. Did you call me up this 
morning? 

Yes, I did. I wanted to ask you if there was 
a chance of getting some work in the shoe- 
factory. 

Well, I don't know. I heard the foreman say 
to-day that they expected to have a rush next 
week. Now if this is so, I believe they will 
need some men next week. Why don't you 
come down and find out about it? 

I wHl, to-morrow morning. Good-bye. 

Operator. 

Toll Operator, please. 

Toll Operator. 

Connect me with two-seven-one, ring fifty-two, 
(271-52) Portland, please. 

What is the name of the person to whom you 
wish to speak? 

Paul Krepps. 

What is your telephone ntimber? Your name? 
Three-0-eight, ring two. (308-2) John Perry. 

114 



I'll call you when the line is ready. 

Hello. 

Is this 'three-O-eight, ring two? (308-2) 
Yes. 

Did you call up two-seven-one, ring fifty-two 
(271-52) Portland? 
Yes. 
The line is ready. 

Central. 

Give me two-nine-five, ring three, please. 
(295-3) 

Drop a nickel in the slot. 

Hello! Is this George? 

George is not at home. 

Do you know when he will be back? 

He will be back at about seven o'clock to- 
night. 





LESSON XLIX 




THE RAILROAD. 


railroad 


smoking-room 


railway 


sleeping-car 


car 


parlor-car 


train 


dining-car 


ticket-office 


special train 


ticket 


freight^car 


time-table 


change 


station 


conductor 


railroad station 


L round trip 


depot 


excursion 



115 



baggage return ticket 

baggage-room mileage 

luggage tnmk 

check suit-case 

parcel-room railroad crossing 

waiting-room danger 

track look out for the engine 

express leave 

local stop 

passenger fare 

signal due 

engine late 

smoking-car information 

transfer 

THE RAILROAD. 

I am a stranger in this city. I don't know 
where I am now. I can't leave town unless I 
know where the railroad station is. There is a 
policeman. I am going to find out from him. 

Will you please tell me where the depot is? 

We have three railroad stations in this town. 
Where do you want to go? 

I want to go to Boston. 

You can't take a train to Boston before four 
o'clock. You just missed the ten-thirty train. 
Don't you have a time-table with you? 

No, I have no time-table with me. Do you 
know where I can get one? 

Let us go to that hotel there, and see if they 
have one. Oh, I forgot; you'll find the time- 
table in the morning paper. 

I have a morning paper here. 

Let us see. Train service from Spring Street 

116 



station. There is a train for Boston at 6.55 
a. m., express; at 9.55 a. m., local; at 10.30 
a. m., express; at 12.10 p. m., local; at 4.03 
p. m., express for Boston. 

I think I'll wait and take the four- three train 
this afternoon. How can I reach the station 
from here? 

Take the Orchard car from here ; ask the con- 
ductor to give you a transfer for Spring Street. 
Get off at the comer of High and Spring Streets. 
Take a Spring Street car, and that will take 
you to the depot. 

Thank you very much. 

Welcome, sir. 

Spring Street station. Here it is. At last I 
have found it. I have no time to lose. I must 
buy my ticket, check my trunk, and have some- 
thing to eat before I go. What time does the 
next train leave for Boston? 

At four- three. 

Let me have one ticket. 

Three dollars and ten cents. 

I wonder if my trunk is here. Oh, here it is. 
I must check it. Check this trunk, please. 

Where is your ticket? I must weigh that 
trunk. I think you'll have to pay excess money 
for it. It weighs more than the limit. 

How much more do I have to pay? 

Twenty-cents. 

Now I can eat something. It is only twenty 
minutes to four. I have twenty-three minutes 
more. 



117 



Information bureau For men 

Baggage room For women 

Parcel room Look out 

Track Number 3 Danger 

Ticket-office Railroad crossing 

Passengers are forbid- Look out for the engine 

den to stand on this Waiting-room 

platform No spitting on the floor 

When you are at the railroad station, and are 
in doubt about the arrival and departvire of your 
train, always go and ask someone in the in- 
formation bureau about it. 

Buy your ticket before you check your trunk. 

When you check your trunk, have your ticket 
with you. 

In a large city, when you buy your ticket, al- 
ways ask the man in charge of the ticket-office 
for the number of the track on which yoiir train 
is found. This will save you much trouble. 

When does the next train leave for New York? 

At twelve o'clock. 

Is it an express, or a local? Is it a through 
train to New York? 

It is a local. You change at Springfield. 
There is no express train before five o'clock. 



118 



LESSON L 


THE 


STEAMBOAT. 


aboard 


oar 


a,nchor 


passenger 


baggage 


port 


baggage-room 


prow 


battleship 


river 


bell 


row 


berth 


sail 


boat 


sail-boat 


bow 


sailor 


cabin 


sea 


canoe 


sea-sick 


chimney 


second class 


compass 


ship 


cork 


steer 


deck 


steerage 


fare 


steamboat 


first class » 


steamer 


flag 


steamship 


freight 


state room 


harbor 


stern 


helm 


storm 


inland 


third class 


island 


voyage 


lake 


warship 


launch 


watch 


life-saver 


wave 


ocean 


wharf 


whistle 





119 



THE STEAMBOAT. 

Will you please tell me where the Central 
Wharf is? 

It is on Bates Street. Go up straight as far 
as that white house, then turn to your left and 
go straight ahead until you reach the pier. 

I thank you, sir. I am very much obliged to 
you. 

Is this the steamship office? 

Yes, sir, this is the steamer for New York. 

What time does the steamboat leave? 

It leaves at seven o'clock sharp. The weather 
is good, and I think we shall start at seven 
o'clock sharp. 

What is the fare to New York? 

Five dollars. 

Give me one ticket. Can I buy a return ticket ? 

Yes, it wiU cost you eight dollars. That way 
you save two dollars. 

Let me have a return ticket. Give me a 
state room, too. What do you charge for the 
state room? 

Two dollars for an outside room, one dollar 
and seventy-five cents for an inside room. 

It is too much. I can't afford it. I think I 
shall go downstairs in the cabin. What is the 
fare for second class? 

Three dollars. 

I would like to travel first class, but the fare 
is too high. 

If you can't afford it, you can travel third 
class. 

All right. Give me a steerage ticket. Where 

120 



is the captain? I want to see him about my 
trunk. 

You can check your trunk here. Do you have 
a suit-case with you? If you have one, bring it 
to the baggage room. They don't charge you 
anything for it. 

Can I have my supper on board? 

Yes, there is a dining-room on the steamer. 
You can have yotir meals at the regular hours. 
Breakfast is served from seven to nine; dinner 
from twelve to two, and supper from half-past 
five to seven. 

It is seven o'clock, and the whistle has not 
blown yet. What is the trouble? 

We shall not start before ten o'clock. The 
weather is stormy. The wind is strong. Per- 
haps we shall not start before morning. 

Oh, there goes the whistle! Hear the man 
calling "All aboard!" We are off. It is only 
half -past nine. I am afraid it will be stormy 
on the way. The worst of it is that I get sea- 
sick. I don't see how I can stand it. 

Well, go to sleep, and you will be all right in 
the morning. We reach New York to-morrow 
afternoon at half-past five. 



121 



LESSON LI 




THE HUMAN BODY. 


4 ankle 


Jheel 


>iarm 


4 hip 


Aback 


intestine 


i beard 


jaw V 


belly ' 


joint 


4 blood 


4 knee 


Abone 


knee-cap 


4brain 


J leg 


4 cheek 


limb 


\ chest 


4lip 


■I chin 


liver 


J ear 


lungs 


X elbow 


■\ mouth 


4 eye 


Jk mustache 


\ eye-brow 


4 neck 


i eye-lid 


nerve 


J face 


nostrils 


4 feet 


4 palm 


J finger « 
4finger-nau 


rib 


4 shoulder < 


flesh 


4 skin 


J foot 


4 stomach 


J forehead 


^fteeth 


J gums 


4 toe 


4 hair 


^tongue 


J hand 


4tooth 


^head 


n) throat 


-1 heart 


>; wrist 



122 



SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

The teacher should develop conversation from 
the words on "The Human Body" by asking 
such questions as these: "Show me your wrist." 
"Show me your eye-brows." "How many eyes 
do you have?" "What do you do with your 
eyes?" 

The members of the body should be mastered 
thoroughly by the students. They will be a help 
in mastering the next lesson, on "The Physician." 



123 





LESSON LII 


THE PHYSICIAN. 


ache 


dislocation 


amputation 


doctor 


apoplexy 


dumb 


appendicitis 


dyspepsia 


appetite 


earache 


bleed 


faint 


bHnd 


fee 


blood 


fever 


boil 


fracture 


bowels 


grippe 


bronchitis 


headache 


bijm 


heart-disease 


catarrh 


heal 


cold 


hospital 


com 


hump-back 


constipation 


ill 


consumption 


illness 


contagious 


infect 


cough 


inflammation 


ctire 


insane 


cut 


itch 


deaf 


lame 


diarrhoea 


leper 


diet 


madness 



124 



diphtheria 

disease 

nose-bleed 

nurse 

pain 

paralysis 

pimple 

pleurisy 

pneumonia 

poisoning 

prescribe 

prescription 

pulse 

rheumatism 

scarlet fever 



measles 

nerve 

short-sightedness 

sick 

sickness 

smallpox 

sore throat 

stammering 

stomach-ache 

swelling 

tuberculosis 

typhoid fever 

visit 

vomit 

wound 



THE PHYSICIAN. 



Good morning, George. Do you know a good 
doctor to whom I can go? 

Why, what is the matter? 

I don't know. I am not feeling very well 
lately. I must see a doctor to-day. 
, You can go to Dr. Bruce. He is our family 
physician. I am sure he will treat you well. 
Go to him. Do you know where he lives? 

No, I don't know where he lives. 

Go up straight until you reach that white 
post, then turn to your left, and go up straight 



125 



again until yoti reach the comer. The doctor's 
house is right on the corner. 

Thank you, George. I am going right now. 

\/^^Good morning, doctor. 

Good morning, Mr. Jones. What is the 
trouble? You look pale and thin. 

I don't know. I have been in bed since last 
Monday night. I am not able to work. Yes- 
terday I had feverj to-day I have a sore throat 
and headache. 

Do you cough? 

Yes, I cough very much, and I feel pain in 
my chest. 

Let me examine you. Lie down. You have a 
cold. You must be careful. You must stay at 
home, or else you will be worse after a while. 
Let me see yotir tongue. Have you eaten any- 
thing to-day? 

No, I have not eaten anything since last 
Monday noon. I have lost my appetite. 

Do you sleep well at night? 

No, I cannot sleep at all. When I go to bed, 
my bones ache. , I feel nervous and weak. 

Let me feel your pulse. Is your stomach in 
good order? 

No, my stomach is out of order. My bowels 
don't move regularly. 

That's enough now. I will prescribe some- 
thing for you. Here is the prescription. Go to 
Maiden's drug-store. Take one pill before each 
meal. Stay at home for two or three days. 
Don't go out at all. You are liable to catch 
more cold. 

Thank you, doctor. 

126 



How do you feel to-day? 

I feel a little better to-day. Yesterday after- 
noon I had the nose-bleed. Later in the after- 
noon I had a headache again. This morning I 
felt still worse, but I am feeling better now. 

Never mind, you will be all right to-morrow. 

Your lungs are weak. You must take plenty of 
fresh air every day. 

How is your brother, John? 

He is very sick, worse than ever. The doctor 
tells us that he suffers from consumption. He 
may die in a few months. It depends on his 
strength. If he takes plenty of fresh air, he may 
get well. 

How is your father? 

He is not feeling very well. He is in the 
hospital now. The doctors say that he has 
pneumonia. A few weeks ago he had rheu- 
matism. 

What about James? How is he? 

He is well, except that he has a boil on his 
neck. 

I have a sore finger, too. While I was work- 
ing yesterday, I hurt my hand with the hammer. 

How do you feel to-day? 

I feel very well, now, doctor, thank you. I 
am very much obliged to you for the good 
treatment. I am wholly cured now. 

Good afternoon, doctor. My eyes pain me. 
127 



My sight is weak. Can you fit me a pair of 
eye-glasses? 

Let me test your eyes. Can you see this 
letter plainly? 

No, I cannot see it at all. 

You are short-sighted. You need a different 
pair of glasses. Let me take .the measure. I 
will have them ready by to-morrow noon. They 
will cost you four dollars. 



LESSON LIII 




THE DENTIST. 




appointment 


gum 


blood 


hurt 


bridge work 


nerve 


cavity 


pain 


cement 


plate 


crown 


pull 


decay 


rinse 


dentist 


root 


false 


set 


fill 


silver 


gas 


teeth 


gold 


tooth 


toothache 





THE DENTIST. 

Is this the dentist's office. 
Yes, sir. Walk right in. Take a chair, 
doctor will be in in a moment. 



The 



128 



Please let me see him at once. I have a terri- 
ble toothache. I can't stand it any longer. 
Wait, I will see if the doctor is busy. 

How do you do, doctor? I wish to have a 
tooth pulled. It pains me terribly. I could not 
sleep at all last night. 

Sit down and let me look at it. Which one is 
it? This one? 

No, the next one. 

Is it the one that has the cavity? 

Yes, that's the one. 

All right. Do you want to take gas? 

No, I can stand the pain for a second. 

Rinse out your mouth. 

I also wish to have a tooth filled. 

What kind of filling do you want? You can 
have it filled with gold, silver, or cement. Gold 
filling will last you longer. 

How much will it cost? 

It will cost you three dollars. You see, I 
have to kill the nerve first, and then fill the 
tooth. 

I cannot stop now. Can I make an appoint- 
ment with you? 

Yes, when can you come? 

I can come any time to-morrow forenoon. 

All right, then you may come at nine o'clock, 

I wish to have my teeth cleaned. How much 
do you charge for cleaning teeth? 

One dollar for cleaning teeth. 



129 



Where are you going, John? 

I am going to the dentist. I must have a 
crown put on my tooth. 

Let me see it. It is of no use to have a crown 
on that tooth. It is decayed. The thing you 
need is a Set of teeth, or you can have a false 
tooth put in the place of that decayed one. 

I don't know what to do. I think I will ask 
the doctor about it. 





LESSON LIV 






THE DRUG-STORE. 


antidote 


tooth-powder 


internal use 


biandage 


soap 


tablespoonful 


splint 


razor 


teaspoonful , 


chloroform 


razor-strap 


glycerine 


camphor 


comb 


gum 


quinine 


absorbent 






cotton 


liquid 


pills 


alcohol 


headache 


prescription 


ammonia 


hospital 


prescribe 


benzine - 


hot- water bottle 


operation 


capsule 


oil 


plaster 


cod-liver oil 


perfume 


ointment 


cold cream 


pharmacy 


ether 


cotton 


pimple 


gargle 


crutches 


poison 



130 



castor-oil 


medicine 


' sterilize 


cathartic 


dandruff 


tonic 


bleeding 


directions 


treatment 


vaccinate 


bottle 


use 


blister 


dose 


witch-hazel 


brush 


drug 


Epsom salts 


tooth-brush 


earache 
external use 


doctor 



THE DRUG-STORE. 

Do you prepare medicines here? 

Yes, we prepare medicines and fill prescrip- 
tions of all kinds here. 

Please fill this prescription for me. Shall I 
have to wait for it? 

It will be ready in about half an hour. Do 
you want to wait for it? 

I can't wait for it, but will call again later. 

Is my prescription ready? 

Yes, sir, your medicine is ready. 

How shall I use this medicine? 

The directions are on the bottle. Be sure to 
read them before you use it. You are to take 
that three times a day before meals. 

What is in this bottle? 

The medicine in this bottle is poisonous. It is 
only for external use. Be careful not to use the 
wrong bottle. The medicine in that bottle is 
for internal use. Take a tablespoonful from it 
before each meal. The other medicine you use 
for rubbing your chest before you go to bed. 

Thank you very much. How much do I 
owe you? 

131 



Seventy-five cents for the two bottles and 
twenty-five cents for the qmnine pills. 

Will you please give me something to stop 
my toothache. It pains me. 

What do you want? Liquid or gum? 

I woiold rather have a liquid. There is a 
cavity in the tooth. 

Here is some cotton. Put some of it on a 
toothpick, then wet it in this liqtiid, and push 
it into the cavity. 

I have a stomach-ache. Will you please mix 
me up some castor-oil? 

We keep no castor-oil here, but I can give you 
a dose of Epsom salts. 

That will do. Let me have that, please. 

Do you keep cigars and cigarettes here? 

Yes, what kind do you want? 

I'll have a "Blackstone" cigar and a box of 
"Helmar" cigarettes. 



132 



LESSON LV 



THE EVENING SCHOOL. 

Do you speak English? 

Yes, I speak a little, but not very much. I 
don't speak English very well. 

Do you understand me when I speak? 

Yes, I understand what you say, but I can't 
answer you. It is very hard to speak the 
jEnglish language. 

No, the English language is very easy; you 
can learn how to speak if you' try. Do you go 
to the evening school? 

No, I don't go the the evening school.. What 
do they do there? 

In the evening school they teach you to read, 
write, and speak English. Don't lose time. Go 
as sogn a s you can. You can find a better job 
if yoS^now English. You will get more money 
if you know how to write English. 

Where is the evening school? 

It is on Washington Street. This boy will 
show you where it is. Get ready. Put on yotu 
coat and hat and go. 

Yes, sir. I am going right ofiE. Good-bye.. -S 

Good evening. Is this the principal of the 
evening school? 

Yes, sir, this is Mr. Jones, the principal of the 
school. 

I want to come to school. I wish to learn 
English. 

Very well, Come, here. What is your name? 

133 



My name is George Tjenoflf. 

How do you spell your last name? 

T-j-e-n-o-f-f. 

How old are you? 

I am twenty-one years old. 

Where do you live? 

I live on Chestnut Street. 

What is your nationality ? 

I am Russian. 

How long have you been in this countp^? 

J have been in this country ten months"^ 

Here is your book, Mr. Tjenoff . Mr. Brooks 
will be yotir teacher. Go upstairs to room num- 
ber five. Give this card to Mr. Brooks. 

Thank you, sir. 

Good evening. Is this Mr. Brooks? 

Yes, this is Mr. Brooks. 

Mr. Jones sent me here.. I want to come to 
school. 

Have you a registration card? 

Yes, here it is. 

Sit down. Here is your book, paper, and 
pencil. Open your book to page eleven. 



134 





LESSON LVI 


■ 


NATIONALITIES. 


^try^ 


Nationality; 


iHrica 


Atrican 


America 


American 


Austria 


Austrian 


Belgium 


Belgian 


Bulgaria 


Bulgarian 


Canada 


Canadian 


China 


Chinaman, Chinese 


Cuba 


Cuba,n 


Denmark 


Dane, Danish 


England 


Englishman, English 


Europe 


European 


France 


Frenchman, French 


; Germany 


German 


Greece 


Greek 


Holland 


Dutchman, Dutch 


Hungnryi 


Huagariaa-^ 


India 


Indian, Hindu 


Ireland 


Irishman, Irish 


Italy 


Italian 


Japan 


Japanese 




Jew, Jewish 


Montenegro 


Montenegrin 


Norway 


Norwegian 


Persia 


Persian 


Poland 


'Pole, Polish 


Portugal 


Portuguese 


Prussia 


Prussian 


Russia 


; Russian 



135 



Servia 

Spain 

Sweden 

Switzerland 

Turkey- 



Servian 

Spaniard, Spanish 

Swede, Swedish 

Swiss 

Turk, Turkish 



SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

The teacher should develop conversation 
from the words on "Nationalities," by asking 
such questions as these: "What is the name of 
the coiintry from which you come?" "What is 
the name of your native land?" "What is your 
nationality?" 





LESSON LVII 


THE LAWYER.— THE 


COURT. 


lawyer 


court 


misdemeanor 


attomey-at-law judge 

broker jury 

real estate defendant • 


municipal 

detective 

bondsman 


notary public 


plaintiff 


theft 


summons 
case 


swear 
oath 


postpone 
retire 


evidence 
affidavit 


interpreter 
witness stand 


agree 
verdict 


witness 

testify 

examine 


alibi 

appeal 

sheriff 


imprisonment 

•fine 

murder 


contract 
testimony 


marshal 
attack 


manslaughter 
degree 



136 



sue covinsel plead 



expense 


prison 


innocent 


fee 


jail 


guilty _ 


settle 


arrest 


gra.nd. jury 


trial 


partner 


clerk 


try 


warrant 


consult 


police station 


bail 


eye-witness 



THE LAWYER.— THE COURTS. 

Good morning, Mr. Goodwin. Do you know 
a good lawyer to whom I could go for advice? 

Why, what is the matter? 

I received a summons to-day to appear be- 
fore the court next Wednesday. 

Mr. Atwood is a personal friend of mine. I 
am sure he will be glad to help you. Let me 
give you a letter of introduction. ■ 

Is this Mr. Atwood? 

Yes, this is Mr. Atwood. 

I received a summons to-day to appear be- 
fore the court next week. 

Who is the plaintiff? Do you know him very 
well? 

I know him very wdl. We used to be partners 
when we had the store on Main Street. 

What is the case? Tell me all you know about 
the case. 

We had a grocery store together. He decided 
to withdraw, and sold his share to me. I paid 
him seven hundred dollars, and the remainder, 
eight hundred dollars, I was paying by monthly 
installments. 

137 



What is the charge against you now? 

I sold some furniture from the store, which 
he says, belonged to him. When the papers 
were made out, it was made plain that from 
that day on, he ceased to be the owner of the 
store, or of any articles in the store. 

Where are the papers? 

The notary public has the papers, but I have 
a copy here. 

Let me see it. This paper says that from now 
on, that is, July 13, 1913, the said Lambert 
ceases to be the owner of the store or of any- 
thing in the store. This is ample proof that he 
is wrong. 

Call in* the witnesses. 
Do you testify for the defendant? 
No, I testify for the plaintiff. 
Take the stand. 

I am going to sue you if you do not pay me 
the money you owe nie.by to-morrow. I am 
sorry to take such action, but I have to do so, 
in order to keep up my business. It is for your 
own interest to pay or make some arrangement 
about the payment. If we go to court, you will 
have to pay the court expenses and the lawyer's 
fee, a sum which will amount to more than thirty 
dollars. I am willing to settle the matter out 
of court. We can compromise. 

Counsel for the defendant. 
Counsel for the plaintiff. 
The witnesses must be called and sworn in. 
Raise your right hand. Repeat these words 

138 



after me: "I will speak the truth, all the truth, 
and nothing but the truth. So help me God."' 

Will the witnesses for the defendant come 
forward? 

What is yotir name? 

My name is Paul Milliken. 

How long have you been knowing the defend- 
ant? 

I have known him for seven years. 

Is he any relation to you? 

I don't know. 

Can you speak English? 

No. 

Have you an interpreter here? Will the in- 
terpreter come forward? 

A judgment was found for the defendant. 

Are you satisfied with the proceedings? 

I am not. I am right, and the defendant is 
wrong. 

You can appeal the case if you think you 
have grounds for appeal. 

You are under arrest. 

Where is your warrant? When was it issued? 

Yesterday afternoon. 

You are charged with manslaughter, with 
.murder, with vagrancy, with' embezzlement. 

You. are charged with intoxication, with 
nuisance, with non-support. 

He was bailed for $800. 

He was put in prison. 

He will be tried when the Grand Jury holds 
its next session. 

139 



John Mitchell, charged with breaking and 
entering the house of G. Donald last night, was 
arraigned in the municipal court to-day. Judge 
Cole held Mitchell in $1500 for the November 
term of the Grand Jury. 

. He was found guilty. 
He was found innocent (not guilty). 

Yesterday, in the Superior Criminal Court, 
Chester Lyman was found by the jury guilty of 
assault with intent to kill, on his wife. He was 
sentenced to three years in the House of Cor- 
rection. 

He was found guilty of murder in the first 
degree. 

Mtirder in the second degree. 

The jury has retired. In a moment we shall 
hear the verdict. 

George Lombard, charged with operating an 
automobile while under the influence of liquor, 
was sentenced to serve two months in the House 
of Correction. He appealed, and furnished $400 
bail. 

George Peter was arrested to-day on a war- 
rant charging him with the larceny of several 
articles valued at $31.45. 

He is charged with robbing banks by means of 
forged checks. 

He is charged with murder. If he can prove 
an alibi, he will be set free. 

Sum up the arguments of the opponents. 

140 



Paul Sabner was sentenced to-day to fifteen 
years at hard labor for robbing a bank. 

The judge speaks to the jury. 

Here come the jury. At last they have reached 
a decision. 

Your Honor, the jury have found the defend- 
ant guilty of murder in the second degree. 

He must serve twenty years in the State 
Prison. 

Whoever violates any of the provisions of the 
ordinances, rules and regulations, shall be pun- 
ished by a fine not exceeding twenty-five dollars 
for each offense, or by imprisonmeiit and fine. 

He is under cross-examination. 

The evidence is contradictory. 

The witness failed to appear. 

The Grand Jury will begin to-day its investi- 
gation into the murder of Peter Johnson, who 
was shot a week ago to-day. Several witnesses 
will be called. 

District Attorney Blake, with two detectives, 
prepared the evidence. 

George Cole, alias John Buxton, of this city, 
was sentenced to 60 days in jail for intoxication. 

He will take the stand before, the Grand Jury 
to-morrow morning. 

James Alley and John Roberts, charged with 
intoxication, were sentenced to pay a fine of 
15.00 and costs at the municipal cotirt yester- 
day. They paid, and were discharged. 

He was bound over in 1800 bonds from the 



141 



municipal court when he was convicted of illegal 
possession. 

A petition in voluntary bankruptcy has been 
filed at the office of the United States Clerk of 
Courts of this city, by James Cole. His liabilities 
are $4,561.00; his assets, $3,172.35. 

He was arrested by an officer yesterday on a 
warrant sworn out by his wife, charging him 
with non-support. 

The August term of Probate Court was held 
yesterday. Fifteen petitions for the probate of 
wills were continued to the September term. 
Six wills were admitted to probate, and six ad- 
ministrations were made. 

He took the witness-stand. 



LESSON LVIII 



THE BANK.— THE INSURANCE COMPANY. 



bank 


sign 


money 


president 


signature 


change 


banker 


endorse 


coin 


cashier 


bankrupt 


bill 


teller 


bankruptcy 


cash 


clerk 


fail_ 


counterfeit 


deposit 


capital 


note 


interest 


safe 


lend 


per cent 


vault 


loan 


draw 


creditor 


security 


account 


debtor 


owe 


bank-book 


broker 


debt 



142 



check-book 


National Bank 


rate 


agent 


Savings Bank 


mortgage 


partner 


balance 




receipt 


bearer 


insurance 


share 


letter of credit 


insure 


share-holder 


discount 


fire 


forge 


order 




forgery- 


bond 


profit 


remit 


exchange 


loss ' 


dividend 


contract 


-gain 



THE BANK.— THE INSURANCE COMPANY. 

We have several kinds of banks in this country, 
the National Bank, the Savings Banks, State 
Banks, and the Postal Savings Bank. 

For laborers, the Savings Bank, and the Postal 
Savings Bank are the safest places to deposit 
money. 

I want to- deposit fifty dollars. 
I want to open a bank account. 
Please write your name and address here. 
Do you want a check book? 
Yes, I want a check book. 
Make out a check for twenty-five dollars. 
I want to draw ten dollars. 
Please cash me this check. 
Endorse the check. Write your name on the 
back of the dheck. 

If your bank-book is lost, notify the bank at 
once. The Treasurer of the bank usually an- 
notmces the loss in the daily paper. If the book 
is not fotmd, the bank issues another book. 

143 



Please change me a ten dollar bill. 
Can you break a five dollar bill? 

Banking Hours 

9 A. M. to 3 P. M. 

Saturday, 9 A. M. to 12 M. 

Saturday evening, 7 to 8 o'clock 

Interest payable the first days of March and 
September. ^ 

If you lose the bank-book, give immediate 
notice to the company. 

The bank-book must be presented to with- 
draw any money. 

No payment can be made without the deposi- 
tor's book. 

Each deposit is entered in the depositor's 
book. 

Interest is allowed from the day of each 
deposit at the rate of four per cent per annum. 

Interest not withdrawn when payable is 
usually added to the principal and draws in- 
terest. 

In some banks, deposits will be paid on de- 
mand, but a few days notice may be required. 

Safe deposit vaults to rent. Private boxes 
three dollars per annurii, for the safe-keeping of 
stocks, bonds, deeds, mortgages, insurance pol- 
icies and other valuable things. 

Can I borrow two hundred dollars from this 
bank? 

Do you know anybody in this city that will 

144 



be willing to recommend you to us? We cannot 
lend any money unless we know the person 
quite well. 

I am a stranger in this city. I don't know any- 
body. 

Do you own any property in this city? 

I own a house and a farm. / 

We can lend you two hundred dollars if you 
give us a mortgage on your house. 

What interest do you charge? 

We charge five per cent interest. 

It is always advisable to have your house or 
store ins\u"ed against fire. 

I want to have my store insured. 

I want to take out a fire insurance policy. 

The insurance policy can be renewed every 
year. 

For how much do you want your store insured? 
For three thousand dollars. 

For some stores you must pay higher insurance 
than for others. The amount depends upon the 
condition of your building, and upon the natttre 
of your business. For a wooden building you 
must pay higher insurance than for a brick 
building. 

Protection is the most important thing in 
insuring a house or store, or any building. Find 
a reliable insiirance company, which will give 
you the most protection in case of fire. 

145 



Some people try to bttrn their property or 
their store, with the purpose of drawing the in- 
surance money from the company. They do 
not succeed. -Those who attempt this criminal 
act never escape punishment. Persons who at- 
tempt to set fire to their property in order to 
obtain the insurance money risk their lives and 
the lives of others; other lives may be lost in 
the fire, and in almost every case, they them- 
selves go to prison for life. 



LESSON LIX 



AGRICULTURE AND AGRICULTURAL IMPLE- 
MENTS. 



farm 


cow 


axe 


farmer 


hay 


rake 


field 


milk 


crop 


husbandman 


pitch 


weed 


cultivate 


water 


seed 


dig 


spade 


gather 


sow 


thresh '^ 


vegetable 


plant 


harrow 


wheat 


garden 


mantire 


com 


gardener 


team 


land 


soil 


fork 


acre 


fertile 


, scjrthe 


pasture 


tree 


sickle 


pick 


leaf 


sheaves 


stock 


leaves 


graze 


sheep 


plow 


shovel 


well 


horse 


hoe 


fertilizer 


agriculture 


country 
146 





FARMING. 

Do you like to live in the country? 

Yes, I always like to be where there is fresh 
air. 

Do you like to work on a farm? 

I don't like to be a hired laborer, but I would 
like to own a farm. 

Why don't you try to get one of your own? 

I cannot find one. 

Did you consult a real estate agent? 

Yes, I went to a real estate agent, but he did 
not have anything that I liked. He had a farm 
of about twenty-five acres in the suburbs of the 
town, but he asked a large sum of money for it. 
I can't afford to pay so much. I haven't the 
money. 

Do you want to buy a farm in the state of 
Maine? 

I don't care where it is, so long as the place 
is good. 

Let us go and see Mr. Lipton. He is in the 
real estate business, and knows better than we. 

How do you do, Mr. Lipton? This is George 
Cole. He has decided to become a farmer, and 
he vants a good fa;"m. Can you help him in any 
way? 

Why, yes. We have all kinds of farms to sell. 
We sell them on easy terms, too. Here is a 
farm of eighteen acres, near electric cars and 
steam railroad, twenty-five miles from the city; 
includes one horse, two cows, one hundred hens, 
fifty chickens, several tools and implements, 

147 



wagons, all household fiomiture; 4 acres of 
potatoes, two acres of corn, garden, fifty fruit 
trees, wood for home use, six-room house, with 
range and other conveniences, forty-foot bam, 
houses for hens. The land is productive and 
well divided. We sell all this for $3,000, part 
cash, the remainder paid monthly. 

Is this farm in a village? 

Yes, it is right in the village, only five minutes 
walk from, the church and school. 

Is the land cultivated or wild? 

All the land is productive. The soil is rich 
and very fertile. There are no swamps any- 
where near the farm. You can raise almost 
anything, especially com and potatoes. 

Can you raise vegetables? 

Yes. The land was mostly used for raising 
vegetables. Of course it needs manuring every 
year, but you can manage that easily. It is an 
excellent opportunity for a man who wants to 
work. 

Here is another bargain. A farm of seventeen 
acres, five acres cleared, ivood and pasture, 
seven-room house, hen-house for 600 chickens. 
Price $2,000, $400 cash, the remainder in weekly 
payments. 

Have you any other farms to sell? These 
are too large. I would like to buy one of about 
fotir acres. I prefer an unfurnished house. I 
have my own ftuniture, and plan to buy new 
agricultural implements. 

Here is a farm of three and one-half acres, 
house of seven rooms, steam heat, bath, gas, six 

148 



poidtry Rouses, apple, pear, and plum trees, 
land level. The house is unfurnished, and there 
are no tools or other implements. 

What is the price of this farm? 

The price is $1700, $300 cash and the remain- 
der $15 a month. It is a great bargain. 

Is there a store in town that sells agricultural 
implements? 

No, there is no store, but there is an agent 
who will order anything you need on the farm. 

I need a plow, a scythe, an axe, a shovel, 
and a rake. 

Farming is a good occupation. You are away 
from the noise and excitement of the city. You 
enjoy the fresh air, and are free to do anything 
you please with your property. Many farmers 
are rich and prosperous to-day. They become 
rich by selling the fruits and vegetables that 
they raise on the farm. 



149 



LESSON LX 


THE JEWELRY STORE. 


jeweler 


wedding 


watch 


engrave 


ring 


stone 


eye-glasses 


-gold 


spectacles 


( silver 


ear-rings 


'pearl 


bracelet 


'diamond 


iDrodchi 


fegulate 


pin 


wind 


chain 


wound 


initials ^^ 


clock 


necklace 


warranted 


case 


jewelry 



IN THE JEWELRY STORE. 

My sister is going to ht married next month. 
She wants me to. send her a Weii^ng ring. Let 
us go to a jewelry store. 

There is a good place on the other side. Let 
us look at the show-window before we go in. 

This place seems to be reliable. Let us go in. 

Will you please show us a few rings? 

Do you want them for yourselves? 

No. It is for a lady. 

Woiild you like to have a gold or a silver ring? 

I want a gold ring. It is to be a wedding ring. 

About how much would you care to give for it? 

ISO 



Let me see a few of them. I may have to 
pay more than I expect. 

Here is a gold ring; 22 carats, guaranteed. 

What is the price of this? 

The price of this is twenty-eight dollars. 

I '11 have this. Do you engrave the initials on it ? 

Yes. What are the initials? ^ 

The initials are B. M. p 

Is there anything else you wish to have? We 
have all sorts of wedding presents here. I sup- 
pose you win have to buy presents for the bride 
and bridegroom. 

r don't know much about wedding gifts. Can 
you suggest a gift for the bride? 
^ A bracelet would be a good present, or a pair 
of ear-rings. 

Wouldn't a necklace be better? 

That's SA good idea. A necklace would be 
more approjriate. Do you think you can afford 
to buy this peari- necklace? , 

I doubt it. How much is it? / 

One hundred and fifty dollars. 

I can't afford it. Let me see a bracelet. Did 
you say these were ten dollars? 

Yes, this is ten dollars. That one there is 
sixteen doUars. 

Now we want a present for the bridegroom. 
A pin, a watch, or a clock? 

I think he would like a watch better, because 
it is more useful. 

Show me a few watches, please. 

We have a great variety here. Would you 
like to have a gold or a silver watch? 

151 



A gold, watchs 

Here is a watch guaranteed tp keep time for 
ten years. If. it goes a minute slow or fast, 
bring it back, and we will change it for you. 

I wind my watch every twenty-four hours. 

I wound it last night. 

Please regulate the clock. 

My watch is out of order. It needs repairing. 
I must take it to the watch-maker. 

The spring is broken. 

The minute-hand. 

The hotir-hand. 

My watch loses three minutes every twenty- 
four hours. 

My watch gains four minutes every twenty- 
four hours. 

The movement of the watch is good. 

What time is it? 

My watch has stopped. 



152 



LESSON LXI 


RELATIONSHIPS. 


Vocabulary. 


relatives 


niece 


family 


uncle 


home 


aunt 


parents 


husband 


ancestor 


wife 


descendant 


foster-son 


father 


foster-father 


mother 


foster-mother 


son 


godfather 


daughter 


godmother 


grandfather 


stepfather 


grandmother 


stepmother' 


granddaughter 


father-in-law 


grandson 


mother-in-law 


brother 


son-in-law 


sister 


daughter-in-law 


cousin 


brother-in-law 


nephew 


sister-in-law 


twins 





153- 



LESSON LXIi 



THE. SCHOOLS. 



school 

kindergarten 
grammar school 
high school 
college 
university 
academy 
private school 
boarding-school 
seminary 
law school 
medical school 
school of engineering 
theological school 
school of technology 
industrial school 
civil engineering 
electrical engineering 
college of arts 



agrictoltural school 

school of forestry 

evening school 

first grade 

ninth grade 

freshman 

sophomore 

junior 

senior 

professor 

instructor 

teacher 
-student 

pupil 

president 

principal 

public school 

military school 
and sciences 



154 





LESSON LXIII 




IN THE CITY. 


post-office 


town 


police station 


cemetery 


railroad station 


monument 


hotel 


market 


street 


hospital 


avenue 


lodging 


boulevard 


restaurant 


bank 


garden 


library 


train 


museum 


steamboat 


college 


automobile 


university- 


stage coach 


city hall 


cab 


exchange 


car 


capital 


omnibus 


theater 


zoological garden 


church 


bridge 


cathedral 


mint 


road 


public bath 


way 


Young Men's Christian 


park 


Association 


resort 


Young Women's Chris- 


school 


tian Association 


court 


club 


prison. 


lodge 


custom-house 


moving pictures 


city 


opera 


capitol 


public garden 


garage 


fire alarm 


mail-box 


street-car 



155 



LESSON LXIV 



ADVERTISEMENTS.— WANTED, LOST, FOUND, 
TO LET, FOR SALE. 

WANTED— Firemen and brakemen. Wages 
high; experience unnecessary. Write for par- 
ticulars. Address "Railway," care Evening 
Record. 

WANTED— Agents, salesmen, men and women. 
Good pay, experience unnecessary. Address 
221 Fourth Street, Boston, Mass. 

WANTED— A cook, two waiters, and a house- 
keeper, for summer hotel. Apply to S. Moul- 
ton, 21 Reed Street, Auburn, Me. 

MEN WANTED— To learn the auto business, 
at our garage. Many vacancies to be filled. 
Write at once. Auto Co., Boston, Mass. 

WANTED— Position as waiter in a hotel, by 
an experienced man. Best of references. Ad- 
dress Box 16, care Auburn Times. 

WANTED— Board and room in an American 
family, by a young man. Location between 
Main and Chestnut Streets preferred. Address 
P. B., 182 Pine Street, Portland, Me. 

A YOUNG man, industrious and temperate, 
wants position as houseman. Good cook, and 
general housekeeper. Wages asked, $25 a 
month. Best of references. Address Box 28, 
care of Evening Record. 

156 



WANTED - 




10 firemen 


2 waiters 


12 bra,kemen 


1 head waiter 


22 agents 


2 housekeepers 


2 salesmen 


1 book-keeper 


9 woodsmen 


3 boys, 17 to 19 


1 pastrycook 


5 farmhands. 



Employment Bureau, 69 Main Street, 
Springfield, Me. 

WANTED— A man for housework. Must have 
experience and references. Apply at 121 
Maple Street, Madison, N. Y. 

LOST AND FOUND. 

LOST— Lady's watch, Thursday, Dec. 23, be- 
tween Main Street and Post Office. Reward 
for return to Mrs. Benjamin, 22 Fremont 
Avenue, Springfield, Mass. 

LOST — Between Spring Street and Music Hall, 
on Sattu'day evening, a gentleman's pocket- 
book, containing a few letters, a ring, and a sum 
of money. The finder will be weU rewarded if 
he returns the pocketbook to the owner. Ad- 
dress 25 Gordon Street, Auburn, Me. 

LOST — ^An umbrella was taken from 22 Spring 
Street last Monday night. The person who 
took it is known, but may send it to 102 High 
Street, and no questions will be asked. 

FOUND— On Lisbon Street, a gold ring, with 
the initials B. K. The man who lost it may 

157 



have it by calling at 18 Spruce Street. Must 
pay for this advertisement. 

FOUND— Pocketbook with sum of money in it. 
Person who lost it may have it by describing 
the pocketbook and stating when and where it 
was lost. Call at the Journal office. 

TO LET. 

TO LET— Downstairs tenement of five rooms 
in perfect condition, at 18 Horton Street. In- 
quire at 21 Pine Street. 

TO LET— Tenement of four rooms, bath, hot 
and cold water, electric lights and gas, hard- 
wood floors, at 276 Chestnut Street. Apply to 
Mr. Brown, 92 White Street. 

TO LET— Two furnished rooms for light house- 
keeping, with use of bath and telephone, at 
13 Main Street. Telephone 1729-W. 

TO LET — Two unfurnished front rooms, sunny 
and pleasant, at 102 Lisbon Street. Telephone 
121-M. 

TO LET — ^A large store, in good condition, at 
75 Broad Street. Inquire at 25 High Street. 

TO LET— Office to let, at 240 Main Street. In- 
quire of John Middle, 202 Pine Street, or 
telephone 1567-N. 

FOR RENT— Entire house, at 21 Hill Avenue. 
House in good condition, with all modem im- 
provements. Call at Philips Bros., 201 Main 
Street. 

158 



FOR SALE. 

FOR SALE— Farm of 20-25 acres, on Mt. Davis 
Avenue, 1 mile from the city post office. 
Price $3,500. Owner will exchange for city- 
property if desirable. Telephone 123-52. 

FOR SALE — ^A piano in good condition, used 
but very little. Will sell cheap for cash. 
Telephone 1908-M. 

FOR SALE— All kinds of new and secondhand 
ftimiture. Old furniture bought, antiques 
bought and sold. Also goods sold on com- 
mission. 32 Main Street. 

FOR SALE— A six-passenger touring car in 

first class repair. New tires. Owner will sell 

at low price. Address Box 22, Aubtun, Mass. 



LESSON LXV 



FORM OF LETTER. 

102 Spring Street, 
Springfield, Mass. 
May 12, 1914. 
John Roberts, 
102 Main Street, 
Portland, Maine, 
Dear Sir: 

(Body of letter) 

Respectfully yours, 

John Clark. 

159 



CONCLUSION OF LETTERS. 



Yours very truly 
Respectfully yours 
Yours 
Yours truly 
Your sister 



Gratefully yours 
Sincerely yours 
Your friend 
Your brother 



SUPERSCRIPTIONS. 



Mr. Peter Brown, 

29 Summer Street, 
Lowell, 



Mass. 



Miss Helen Williams, 

21 Main Street, 
Portland, 
Care Mrs. James. Maine. 

160 



Mrs. George Smith, 

234 West 22nd Street, 
New York, 
New York, 

U. S. A. 



SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 

Explain the use of Mr., Mrs., Miss, Master. 

The students' attention should be called to 
the use of U. S. A. on letters sent from foreign 
countries to the United States. 



161 
11 



LESSON LXVI 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 
Form of Order to a Jeweler. 

21 Washington Street, 

Ansonia, Conn., 
May 16, 1914. 
Mr. John H. Roberts, 
12 State Street, 
Boston, Mass. 
Dear Sir: 

Enclosed you will find a check for t"wyelve 
dollars (f 12.00) for which please send me by 
Express a gold watch as advertised in the Boston 
Evening Journal. 

Yours truly, 
William H. Booker. 

Form of Order to a Dry Goods Store. 

8 Pearl Street, 
Springfield, Mass., 

May 14, 1914. 
Herman & Company, 
23 Warren Street, 
Worcester, Mass. 
Gentlemen : 

, Enclosed you will find a check for twenty- 
seven dollars ($27.00) for which kindly send by 
Express the following articles : 

2 blankets No. 19 $ 6.50 

1 desk No. 2 3.25 

5 chairs No. 7 12.50 

162 



1 table-cloth 


No. 1 


.75 


2 brooms 


No. 21 


.65 


1 mattress 


No. 10 


3.35 



$27.00 

Yours tnily, 

John Matthews. 

Acknowledgement of the Above. 

Herman & Company, 
23 Warren Street, Worcester, Mass. 
May 20, 1914. 
John Matthews, 
8 Pearl Street, 
Springfield, Mass. 
Dear Sir: 

We wish to thank you for your favor of the 
14th inst. containing order and check for twenty- 
seven dollars ($27.00). We are sending the 
articles by to-day's Express. Enclosed you will 
find receipt. 

We hope to hear from you again. 

Gratefully yours, 

Herman & Company. 

Request for a Price Catalogue. 

21 High Street, 
Portland, Maine, 
' May 2, 1914. 
John A. Skinner, 
21 Battery Place, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
Dear Sir: 

I have recently bought a dry goods store 

163 



which I am fitting up with new goods. Will 
you kindly send me your price catalogue, and 
terms at which you will trade with me? 
A prompt reply will oblige me greatly. 
Respectfully yours, 

Peter Wilson. 



LESSON LXVII 



Postponing Payment of Account. 

108 Main Street, 
Palmer, Mass., 
March 22, 1914. 
Paul H. Reed, 

Boston, Mass. 
Dear Sir: 

We wish to apologize for not having met our 
payments for the past month, and this for the 
reason that business has been very unfavorable 
lately. We find it necessary, and we would 
consider it a great favor, if the time of payment 
could be postponed to the 25th of next month. 
We are sorry to cause such an inconvenience, 
but hope to b'e able to meet our obligations 
promptly in the future. 

Respectfully yours, 

Louis Howard. 



164 



Delay of Shipment of Goods. 

104 Winter Street, 
Bangor, Maine, 
April 2, 1914. 
Carlton Bros., 

Portland, Me. 
Gentlemen: 

It is over a week since I sent you a letter con- 
taining an order for books and a check for seven- 
teen dollars forty cents. As I stated in my 
previous letter, I must have the books on the 
7th of this month. If I do not receive them by 
that date, I shall be obliged to return them when 
they reach me. 

Respectfully yours, 
George Hammond. 

Request for College Catalogue. 

28 Main Street, 
Natick, Mass., 
June 22, 1914. 
The Registrar of 
American International College,' 
Springfield, Mass. 
Dear Sir: 

Will you kindly send me a catalogue of the 
American International College, and greatly ob- 
lige. 

Respectfully yours, 

John Curtis. 



165 



Subscription for a Periodical. 

13 Warren Street, 
Portland, Maine, 
June 22, 1914. 
L. H. Brown, 

New York City. 
Dear Sir: 

Enclosed you will find money order for two 
dollars (12.00) for which please send the Popular 
Review for one year. 

Respectfully yours, 
John Billings. 

Request for Payment. 

' New York City, 

June 12, 1914. 
J. E. Clarke, 

Boston, Mass. 
Dear Sir: 

Enclosed you will find bill, the amount of 
which please send as soon as you can, not later 
than Friday. We have to pay a large sum of 
money next Saturday, and are in need of money. 

Respectfully yours, 

Brown & Co. 

Answer to the Above. 

Boston, Mass., June 14, 1914. 
Brown & Co., 

New York City, 
Gentlemen : 

In answer to your letter of the 12th instant, 

166 



we hasten to send you sixty-two dollars ($62.00) 
on account of bill which you sent us yesterday. 
I regret that I cannot send the whole amount. 
Please send receipt for amount received. 

Yours very truly, 
J. E. Clarke. 



LESSON LXVIII 



Letter of Introduction. 

New York City, 
July 18, 1914. 
My dear Mr. Baker: 

This will introduce to you Mr. James S. 
Smith, who wishes to find employment in your 
city. He is a man hi unusual ability, and of good 
character. I shall consider it a great favor if 
you will use your influence toward his securing 
a position. 

Yours very truly, 
Edward Manning. 

Application for Position. 

21 Spruce Avenue, City, 

November 2, 1914. 
Mr. John Moxom, 
P. O. Box 123, 
Portland, Maine. 
Dear Sir: 

I find through the advertising columns of 
to-day's Globe, that you want a man to work on 

167 



a farm. I shoiild like to submit my name to 
your consideration for this position. I am a 
young man, twenty-three years of age, strong, 
industrious, ambitious, and temperate, with a 
considerable amount of experience in farming. 
Best of references can be furnished. 
Yours truly, 

Arthur Stevenson. 

Receipt. 

Boston, Mass., July 20, 1914. 
Received of John Milliken seventy-five dol- 
lars ($75.00) on account. 

George El well. 

Order for Money. 

New York City, 

June 28, 1914. 
Mr. G. H. Wells: 

Please pay William A. Maxwell sixty dollars 
($60.00) on my account. 

John McDonald. 

Receipt for Rent. 

Boston, Mass., 
July 2, 1914. 
Received of H. W. Walpole sixty-two dollars 
($62.00), one month's rent from August 2 to 
September 2, of store at 62 East Main Street. 

Philip Dixon. 

I O U thirty-five dollars. 

John Cole. 
168 



Promise to Pay. 

Portland, Maine, 

June 26, 1914. 
Ninety days after date I promise to pay John 
Billings sixty-five dollars for value received. 

George Call. 

Boston, Mass., May 2, 1914. 
On demand I promise to pay John Billings 
fifty-five dollars for value received. 

, George Call. 



LESSON LXIX 



A Party Invitation. 

Mr. John Smyth requests the pleasure of Mr. 
G. Kelley's company on Monday afternoon, 
June twelve, from three to five. 

141 Howe Street, Portland, Maine. 

Acceptance to Same Invitation. 

Mr. George Kelley accepts with pleasure Mr. 
John Smyth's kind invitation for Monday after- 
noon, June twelve, from three to five. 

« 

Regret to Same Invitation. 

Mr., George Kelley regrets that owing to 
urgent business, he is unable to accept Mr. John 
Smyth's kind invitation for Monday afternoon, 
June twelve, from three to five. 

169 



Invitation to a Wedding. 

Mr. and Mrs. Paul Pendleton 

request your presence 

at the marriage of their daughter 

Elizabeth 

to 

Mr. Robert Small 

on Monday evening, April third, 

at eight o'clock 

Reception from nine to ten 

20 Spring Street Boston, Massachusetts 

Marriage Announcement. 

Mr. Joseph Bliss 

Miss Bertha Young 

Married 

Thursday, September tenth, 1913 

FAMILIAR LETTERS. 

Lewiston, Maine, 

July 8, 1914. 
Dear Philip : 

Your letter asking me to pay you a visit was 
received yesterday afternoon. I wrote you in 
my last letter that I intended to come and see 
you for a few days, but I find to-day that I 
shall hav,e to change my plans. My mother was 
taken ill very suddenly last night, and this will 
oblige me to postpone my trip for an indefinite 
time. 

My sister and younger brother have gone to 
our summer cottage for their vacation. I plan 
to join them later. 

Your friend, 

Greene. 
170 



Ansonia, Conn., 

July 3, 1914. 
Dear John: 

About a week ago I sent, you a letter asking 
you to go to the railroad • station and inquire 
about our baggage. We have been here for 
more than a week, and. our trunk has not been 
brought to us yet. Will you please go and see 
the baggage-master as soon as you can? I gave 
my baggage-check to the Agent' while on the 
train. Enclosed you will find receipt to show to 
the baggage-master in case he asks for it. 

Mother wants you to come out as soon as 
you can. 

Alice and I went fishing yesterday afternoon. 

Your brother, 

Peter, 



171 



PART IV 



HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT 




175 



AMERICA. 

My country, 'tis of thee, 
Sweet land of liberty. 

Of thee I sing; 
Land where my fathers died, 
Land of the pilgrims' pride, 
From every mountain-side 

Let Freedom ring. 

My native country, thee, 
Land of the noble free, — 

Thy name I love ; 
I love thy rocks and rills, 
Thy woods and templed hills, 
My heart with rapture thrills 

Like that above. 

Let music swell the breeze. 
And ring from all the trees. 

Sweet Freedom's song; 
Let mortal tongues awake; 
Let all that breathe partake ; 
Let rocks their silence break, - 

The sound prolong. 

Our fathers' God, to Thee, 
Author of liberty. 

To Thee we sing ; 
Long may our land be bright 
With Freedom's holy light; 
Protect us by Thy might, 

Great God, our King. 

177 



LESSON LXX 



SUGGESTIONS FOR THE IMMIGRANT. 

How many of you, before you came to this 
country, ever asked yotirselves these questions: 
What am I going to do in America? Do I know 
very much about America? Are there any op- 
portunities for work open to me there? How 
can I get those opportunities? Is there any op- 
portunity to educate myself and my children? 
Is there anybody in America to help me, or shall 
I be left alone to fight my own battles? What 
form of government does that country have? 
What is its religion? What are its customs, and 
its ways of doing things? 

These are some of the questions which men, 
like you, ought to have asked before coming to 
this country. But now you are here, you have 
already come to the United States, and of course 
the most natural and most necessary thing for 
you, is to learii something about this country, 
and to try to answer the above questions. 

Having this in mind, let us try to find out 
some of the things which you must know if you 
want to be successful in this country. ' 'Are there 
any opportunities for work open to me here," 
is the question which we shall try to answer first. 

This country differs from every other country 
in that the people of the United States are 
workers. Their real purpose in this life is to 
work. Unlike many other lands, the United 
States has no class distinctions: all people are 

178 



equal. Every one has a chance to acquire 
riches, wealth, and greatness, if he is only in- 
dustrious, and wishes to rise higher. New terri- 
tory is being opened up every year. If an im- 
migrant wishes to become a farmer, he can 
easily become one, if he takes the trouble to 
work. Many opportunities are given to immi- 
grants, and to all Americans, by the government 
of this nation. The public lands of this country 
amount to many millions of acres. West of the 
Mississippi there are great tracts of land. Again, 
there are lands in Michigan, Louisiana, Florida, 
and in many other states. The West and the 
South afford great opportunities to the immi- 
grant if he wishes to cultivate the land. If he 
wishes, he can work as a day laborer on a farm, 
or he can become the owner of a farm. 

Again, the mining districts of the West make 
it possible for thousands of immigrants to find 
work and live happily. The coal districts of 
the United States need laborers who are willing 
to work. The work on the railroads, so exten- 
sive in this country, affords even a greater op- 
portunity. 

These opportunities are found in the interior 
of the country. If, however, one wishes to stay 
in the East, where his friends or relatives are, 
he may do so by getting work in some manu- 
facttiring city. The large cities of New England, 
New York, and Pennsylvania, have many 
factories, such as cotton mills, shoeshops, and 
paper mills, where laborers are needed. 

Now some one of you may say, "This is all 

179 

12 



very well, but how can I get these opportuni- 
ties?" The answer is very simple. To get these 
opportunities, you must first be willing to work. 
As we said before, the people of this country 
are industrious, and do not have any use for 
lazy people. You must work if you want to 
be prosperous. 

The second thing which is necessary if you 
want to have these opportunities, is to learn the 
English language. The language is the key to 
your success. Many immigrants do not like this 
land, because they do not understand the people 
of this country. They do not try to learn the^ 
language, and therefore they do now know what 
take^ place around them. They cannot talk 
with the people, and therefore they do not un- 
derstand them. Ignorance causes hatred. Learn 
the language, a;nd always try to climb up higher 
and higher. Do not stay in the mill or factory 
all your life. Do something else, better, higher. 
But to do this something which is better and 
higher, you must learn the English language, in 
order to understand the people of the country. 
Do not feel a stranger all your life. Try to get 
acquainted with people. It is difficult at the 
beginning, but a little patience will bring better 
opportunities, and therefore a happier life. 
Remember, then, that you must be industrious, 
you must be willing to work, and you must be 
willing to learn. 

Again, one of you may say, "I am willing to 
learn, but how can I find the opportunity to 
learn?" Well, this is an easy matter. Almost 



180 



every city or town in this country has an eve- 
ning school, where people of all races go to learn 
the English language. You can go to the eve- 
ning school, too. If you have children, you can 
send thein to the public schools of your town. 
The town does not ask any money for this. It 
only asks you to use the opportunity it gives 
you to educate your children. Whether you are 
going to accept this opportunity depends on you. 

Again, every city has a library. In most of 
the libraries you find all kinds of books, perhaps 
some in your own language. Get into the habit 
of going to the library a few times a week. It 
will help you very much. In the library they 
have reading rooms, where you can sit down 
and read the newspaper, or any book. You can 
take out books to read at home, if you wish. 

Now all of these, the. evening school, the 
public day schools, and the public libraries, are 
for the people of the town. You are a paj-t of 
that town, and have a right to take advantage 
of these opportunities. If you are not acquainted 
with these institutions, you had better get 
acquairited as soon as you can. They will help 
you very much. Keep going to these places for 
a year, and you will see the value of them. 

All this helps you to learn the . language, 
and to know the language means that your 
work will be easier, and that you can get more 
money. 

"What form of government does the United 
States have?" is the next question which we 
shall try to answer. As this subject will be 

181 



treated later, in a separate section, I will tell 
you only a little about the government here. 
This country has a republican form of govern- 
ment. It is a free country, where you can do 
anything, as long as you do not break the law 
of the country. If you violate a law, you will 
be punished in the same way as in any other 
land. A man can think in his own way, he can 
express his opinion freely and openly, he can 
find justice in the courts. 

This nation is governed by laws made by 
representatives of the people. The President of 
the United States, the members of Congress, 
and the governors of all the states, are elected 
by the people. The people have the right to 
demand many things from these men. They 
can change the laws through these men, they 
can make new laws through the same men. 

A man born in the United States is a citizen 
of the country; a man not born in the United 
States can become a citizen through natural- 
ization. In order to be naturalized, one must 
have lived in this country for five years, must 
be industrious, must be of good character, must 
know the English language a little, and must 
know how this country is governed. When he 
becomes a citizen, he has the right to vote, and 
to hold any office that he may secure through 
election or appointment. 

"What is the religion of the United States?" 
is the last question which we shall try to answer. 
This country has no national religion. You can 
worship in any way that you think is best, so 



182 



long as you do not violate the law of the country. 
You can be a Protestant or a Catholic, an 
Orthodox or a Jew. Your difference in religion 
will not take away the rights and privileges of 
your citizenship. The people that make the 
laws of this country are not of the same religion. 
They have the liberty to think as they see fit. 



183 




GEORGE WASHINGTON 
First President of the United States 



185 



LESSON LXXI 



A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. 

Until 1492, the country which to-day we call 
the United States was inhabited by a people 
called Indians. 

America was discovered in the year 1492 by 
Christopher Columbus. From this time on 
until 1607 it was an age of exploration and dis- 
covery, and permanent settlements in this 
country were unsuccessful. However, in 1607, 
an English band came to Virginia, where they 
founded Jamestown, the first permanent settle- 
ment. 

In 1620, another band of Englishmen, called 
the Pilgrims, landed at Plymouth, Massa- 
chusetts. 

Other settlements were made by the Dutch 
in New York, but in 1664 they lost their terri- 
tory to the English. 

Another colony was founded in Pennsylvania 
by William Penn, in 1682. 

More and more immigrants came into the 
new country, and thef colonies grew in number 
and in population. 

Still other settlements were made by the 
French and Spaniards, who occupied different 
parts of the country. 

The English people increased in number, and 
to protect themselves from the Indians, the 

187 



French, the Dutch and the Spaniards, they 
united more and more, until a time came when 
a little army was raised by the colonists. 

These colonies were governed by the king of 
England, who exacted heavy taxes from them. 
The colonies often complained, and refused to 
be governed by people who were so far from 
them, and who did not know what was taking 
place in the colonies. The English monarch, 
however, paid no attention to these complaints, 
and, therefore, dissatisfaction grew among the 
colonists. They refused to pay the heavy taxes 
which the English government imposed upon 
them. 

Instead of leaving ofE his cruel treatment, the 
king of England . imposed even heavier taxes 
upon the colonies. He taxed them so heavily 
that their prosperity and welfare were endan- 
gered. 

While refusing to pay the heavy taxes, the 
colonists were preparing fof war. They pro- 
tested against the English measures in vain. 
At last the Revolutionary War broke out, and 
in 1776, after one year of fighting, the colonists 
declared their independence of England. The 
war lasted about seven years longer, until in 
1783 a treaty of peace wag signed between Great 
Britain and the thirteen united colonies. 

The United States was now recognized as an 
independent nation. Attempts to form a na- 
tional government were begun. In 1787 a con- 
stitution was drawn up, which guaranteed the 
rights and welfare of the people. In 1789 the 

188 



Constitution went into effect, and George Wash- 
ington, a brave soldier and a great general, in 
the Revolutionary War, was elected the first 
President of the United States. 

Owing to commercial difficulties, another war 
broke out in 1812 between Great Britain and 
the United States, in which the young nation 
was once more successful. 

In 1814 another treaty of peace was signed 
between Great Britain and the United States, 
and since that time the United States has never 
had a war with the mother-country. 

As we saw above, there were Indians, English, 
French, and Spaniards scattered all through 
this country. As time went on, however, the 
territory held by these nations became the 
property of the United States, either by purchase 
or by war. 

The country was now progressing fast, but 
there was another evil in the country which 
caused much trouble between the North and 
the South. The South had negro slaves, and 
did not wish to part with them, because slavery 
was of great value to the Southern indusjtries. 
The North was bitterly opposed to slavery, and 
in the year 1861, while Abraham Lincoln was 
president, war broke out between the North and 
the South. This was the Civil War. It lasted 
about four years, but finally the North was 
victorious over the South. 

As a result of the Civil War, slavery was 
abolished forever. The South united again 



189 



with the North, peace was restored, and the 
country began again a period of prosperity. 

The next war came in 1898, when the United 
States fought against Spain, in order to free 
Cuba from Spanish rule. As a result of the 
Spanish-American War, Cuba was finally de- 
clared independent, and the United States 
gained Porto Rico, Guam, and the Philippine 
Islands. 

About the same time the United States an- 
nexed Hawaii. 

To-day the United States of America is com- 
posed of 48 states, extending from the Atlantic 
Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, and from Canada 
to Mexico. It also includes Alaska, the Philip- 
pine Islands, Guam, and the territories of Hawaii 
and Porto Rico. 

To see how a country, such as the United 
States, is governed, is an interesting thing. In 
the following pages we shall see how the United 
States of America is governed, and how it makes 
the laws necessary for the welfare and pros- 
perity of its own citizens. 



190 




ABRAHAM LINCOLN 



191 



LESSON LXXII 

THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT. 

After the English colonies had declared their 
independence, the most natural and most neces- 
sary thing was to form some kind of government 
which would guarantee the rights and welfare of 
the people. 

With this purpose in mind, a number of leading 
men met to discuss the future government of 
the new nation. It was not an easy thing to 
establish a government, for the states would not 
give up their rights to the National Government. 
After a long -discussion, however, they came to 
an agreement, and the new Constitution was 
drawn up, and in a very short time it went 
into effect. 

In this Constitution, as you will see in the 
diagram below, provision was made for a legis- 
lative branch, an executive branch, and a judi- 
cial branch. 

In brief we shall see what are the duties and 
powers of each branch. 



NAT/ONAL 



/. SEliATE. 



■^zmmwmmmm^ 



I. SECRETARr OF STATE 



GOVeRNMEN ') 

I 



Z. SECRETARY OF TREASURY 



i. SECRETARY OF INTERIOR 



A. ATTORNEY- GrENERAL 



S. SECkETARY OF WAR 



b. SECRETARY OR NAVY 



7. POSTMASTER GENERAL 



6.SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE 



e. SECRETARY OF LABOR 



\O.SECRETARY OFCOMMfRCS 



5 

r 



COURTS 



AND 



JUDGES 



192 



THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH. 

All the laws of the nation are made by the 
Congress of the United States, which is com- 
posed of a House of Representatives and a 
Senate, or of the Lower House and "the Upper 
House. 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 

The members of the House of Representatives 
are elected every two years by the people of the 
different states. 

To be elected a member of the House of Repre- 
sentatives, a man must be over twenty-five 
years old, must have been a citizen of the United 
States for seven years, and must be an inhabitant 
of the Stateln which he is elected. Each member 
of the Lower House represents the district of 
the State from which he is elected. 

The number of representatives from each 
State is determined by the population of that 
State. For about every 200,000 people there is 
one representative. In a State of 800,000 
people, there are four members in the House of 
Representatives. 

THE SENATE. 

The members of the Senate are elected for six 
years by direct vote of the people in the States. 

To be elected a member of the Senate, a man 
must be over thirty years of age, must have 
been nine years a citizen of Mie United States, 
and must be an inhabitant of the State from 
which he is elected. 

193 



There are two Senators from every State of 
the Union. These two Senators represent the 
State as a whole, and not any district in the 
State. 

The Senate has the power to try all impeach- 
ments, that is, try all persons who during their 
term of office do not perform their duty accord- 
ing to the law. 

POWERS AND DUTIES OF CONGRESS. 

1. Congress has the power to collect taxes and 
duties to pay the debts and proyidfe for the 
general welfare of the United States. 

2. Congress has the power to borrow money 
on the credit of the United States. 

3. Congress has the power to regulate com- 
merce with foreign nations and among the several 
States. 

4. Congress has the power to establish a uni- 
form rule of naturalization. 

5. Congress has the power to coin money and 
regulate its value. 

6. Congress has the power to establish post- 
offices and post-roads. . 

7. Congress has the power to declare war. 

8. Congress has the power to raise and sup- 
port armies, and to provide for a navy. 

9. Congress has t*he power to provide for call- 
ing forth the militia to execute the laws of the 
Union, and to put down insurrections and in- 
vasions. 



194 



LESSON LXXIII 



THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH. 

The executive power is vested in a President 
of the United States. 

The President of the United States is elected 
for four years. 

The President of the United States is elected 
indirectly by the people. The people of each 
State choose a number of electors, equal to the 
whole number of Senators and Representatives 
in that State. These electors elect the Presi- 
dent of the United States. 

To become a President of the United States, 
a man must be! a native-born citizen, must be 
thirty-five years of age, and must have been 
fourteen years a resident within the United 
States. 

There is also a -Vice-President of the United 
States, who is elected for four years, and who 
is elected in the same way as the President of 
the United States. 

In case of removal of the President of the 
United States from office, the Vice-President 
takes up the duties of the President until a new 
Executive is elected. 

POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT. 

The President is commander-in-chief of the 
Army and the Navy of the United States, and 
of the militia of the several States. 

He presides and has control over the executive 
departments. 

195 



He appoints the members of the cabinet. 

The cabinet is composed of the following : 

The Secretary of the State Department. 

The Secretary of the Treasury Department. 

The Attorney-General. 

The Secretary of the Interior Department. 

The Secretary of the War Department. 

The Secretary of the Navy Department. 

The Postmaster-General. 

The Secretary of the Agricultural Department. 

The Secretary of Labor. 

The Secretary of Commerce. 

The President has the power, with the con- 
sent of the. Senate, to make treaties, to appoint 
ambassadors, public ministers, consuls, and the 
Judges of the Supreme Court. 

He has the power to pardon. 

The President signs the bills that are passed 
by Congress. 

It is the duty of the President to inform Con- 
gress of the condition of the Union. 

The President has the power to recommend 
measures to Congress. 

He may convene both Houses. 

He receives ambassadors and public ministers. 

It is the duty of the President to see that the 
laws are faithfully executed. 

HOW A BILL BECOMES A LAW. 

A bill, in order to become a law, must be 
passed by the House of Representatives and the 
Senate, and then must be signed by the Presi- 



196 



dent of the United States. If the bill is vetoed 
by the President, it goes back to the Houses for 
reconsideration. If, after reconsideration, the 
bill be passed by two-thirds of each House, it 
becomes a law without the signature of the 
President. If the bill is not returned by the 
President within ten days after it is presented 
to him, it becomes a law in the same way as if 
he had signed it. 



LESSON LXXIV 



THE JUDICIAL BRANCH. 

The judicial power is vested in one Supreme 
Court, and in other inferior courts which Con- 
gress may establish from time to time. 

The judges are appointed, to office by the 
President of the United States with the consent 
of the Senate. 

The judges hold their offices only during good 
behavior. 

DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE SUPREME 
COURT. 

The Judicial Branch has the power to inter- 
pret the Constitution and the laws of the United 
States. 

It has the power to settle controversies be- 
tween the United States and a State; between 
two or more States ; between a State and citizens 
of another State; between citizens of different 
States; between a State and foreign States. 

197 



MISCELLANEOUS. 

No title of nobility is granted by the United 
States. 

The President, the Vice-President, and all 
persons who hold office under the government 
of the United States, shall be removed from 
office on impeachment for treason, bribery, or 
other high crimes and misdemeanors. 

The trial of all crimes shall be by a jury. 

If a person who is charged in any State with 
a crime and who flees from justice, is found in 
another State, he shall, on demand of the State 
from which he escaped, be delivered up to be 
removed to the State where he committed the 
crime. 

No religious test shall ever be required as a 
qualification to any office or public trust under 
the United State.s. 

The citizens of each State are entitled to all 
the privileges of citizens in the several States. 



198 



LESSON LXV 



THE STATE GOVERNMENT. 

There are forty-eight States in the Union. 
Each State makes its own laws; each State has 
laws which guarantee the rights and welfare of 
its own people. Every State, however, is for- 
bidden to do certain things which fall within the 
power of the National Government. Some of 
these things are : 

That no State shall be allowed to make 
treaties or to coin money ; 

That no State shall, without the consent of 
Congress, lay any duties on imports or exports. 

That no State shall, without the consent of 
Congress, keep troops or ships of waf in time of 
peace. 

That no State shall enter into an agreement 
with another State or with a foreign power. 

That no State shall engage in war, unless 
actually invaded, or when there is a great danger. 

Outside of these restrictions, the plan of the 
State government is not different from that of 
the National Government, as you will see in the 
diagram below. Each State provides for a 






ST/^TE GOV£r/=?/S/A/*£-A/7- | 


^ 




^ 


SECRETARY OF STATE 


1 




STATE TREASURER 


^ 


/. SEfiATE 


COURTS 






i^ 


AUDITOR OF STATE 


fiiND 


'"'i 


i.mBiwi0mmmEs 


1 


ATTORNEY GENERAL 


1 


JUDOES 


i 

^ 








ETC. 





199 



legislative branch, an executive branch, and a 
judicial branch. 

THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH. 

The laws of a State are made by the Legislature 
of that State, which consists of two houses, the 
Senate and the House of Representatives, or 
the Upper House and the Lower House. 

To be elected a member of the Legislature, 
a man must be a citizen of the United States. 

The members of the State . Legislature are 
elected by direct vote of the people of that 
State. 

THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH. 

The head of the State is the governor. 

The governor is elected by the people of the 
State. 

The term of office varies from one to four 
years. 

POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE GOVERNOR. 

The governor of the State is the commander- 
in-chief of the State militia. 

It is the duty of the governor to see that the 
laws of the State are faithfully executed. 

He has the power to pardon. 

He has the power to appoint and remove cer- 
tain officers in the State. 

In the different States, there are departments, 
commissions, and bureaus, the officers of which 
in most States are elected by the people. 

200 



Some of the officers are: 

The Secretary of State. 

The Treasurer of the State. 

The Auditor of the State. 

The Attorney-General. 

The State Superintendent of Schools. 

•HOW A BILL BECOMES A LAW. 

A bill, in order to become a law, must be 
passed by the State legislature, and then must 
be signed by the Governor of the State. If the 
bill is not signed by the governor, it goes back 
to the legislature for reconsideration. If, after 
reconsideration, the bill is passed by two-thirds 
of each House, it then becomes a law without 
the signature of the governor. 

THE JUDICIAL BRANCH. 

The States provide for courts of various kinds, 
where the people may find justice. 

The justices' courts are the lowest courts, 
where petty cases are tried. 

The district courts are higher courts, where 
a jury trial is found always. 

There are also county courts, where important 
cases are tried. 

A Supreme Court is found in each State, 
usually located in the State capital. The cases 
tried before this court are of great importance. . 

In many States to-day, the judges are elected 
by the people; in others, they are appointed by 
the legislature, and in still others, they are ap- 
pointed by the governor. 

201 



LESSON LXXVI 



CITY GOVERNMENT. 

We have seen how the nation is governed; we 
have also seen how a State is .governed. Now 
we shall see how a city is governed. 

A city receives its rights to govern itself from 
the State in which it is located. The State 
grants a charter to ,the city, but may change it 
or withdraw it at any time. 

Again, the plan of the city government is not 
different from that of the National Government, 
or from that of the State Government. _ 

As' you will see in the diagram below, in every 
city there is a legislative branch, an executive 
branch, and a judicial branch. 



^ 


Cirr GOVERNMENT 1 




^ 


TREASURY DEPARTMENT 


1 

s 




FIRE DEPARTMENT 


^ 


BOAHDOFALDEIfMEN 


HEAL TH DEPARTMENT 


COURTS 


1 




1 


POLICE DEPARTMENT 


AND 


STREET DEPARTMENT 


i3 


COMMONCOUNCIL 


ft 


BOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS 


JUDGE.S 




S 


SCHOOL BOARD 


*? 




Etc. 



THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH. 

The laws of a city are made by the legislature 
of that city, which consists of the Council. This 
Council is sometimes divided into two bodies, 
the Board of Aldermen, or the Upper House, 
and the Common Council, or the Lower House. 

The members of the legislature are elected 
by the people of the city. The city is divided 

202 



into wards. The people in each ward elect their 
own members to represent them in the Council. 
The Council has the power to arrange the ex- 
penses and the taxation of the city; it has the 
power to grant privileges and rights to private 
corporations and companies. 

THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH. 

The head of the city is the Mayor. 

The Mayor is elected by the people. 

His term of office varies in different cities. 

It is the duty of the Mayor to enforce the law. 

He has the power to appoint and remove cer- 
tain officers of the city. 

In a city, there are departments, which carry 
on the business of the city. 

In some cities, the members of these depart- 
ments are elected by the people, in others they 
are appointed by the Mayor, and in still others 
they are appointed by the Council. 

Some of the departments are: 

The Treasury Department. 

The Fire Department. 

The Health Department. 

The Police Department. 

The Street Department. 

The 'Board of PubHc Works. 

The School Board. 

THE JUDICIAL BRANCH. 

The Judicial Branch of a city consists of 
police courts, of justices' courts, and of superior 
courts. 

203 



Under the Judicial Branch of the State 
Government we saw how the judges of these 
courts are elected, and what their duties are. 



LESSON LXXVII 



FACTS ABOUT NATURALIZATION. 

Aliens, being free white persons, and aliens of 
African descent, have the privilege of becoming 
citizens of the United States of America. 

Chinese cannot become citizens of the United 
States. 

A man wishing to become an American citizen 
may do so by applying either to the United 
States district court, or to the State courts. 

An alien may be admitted to become a citizen 
of the United States in the following way: 

Two years before his admission to citizenship, 
an alien must declare his intention to become a 
citizen of the United States. 

He must have reached the age of eighteen 
years at the time of his declaration of intention. 

He must renounce forever all allegiance and 
fidelity to any foreign king or ruler, and especial- . 
ly must renounce allegiance to the ruler o*f whom 
he is a subject. 

He must not be a disbehever in organized 
government. 

He must not be a polygamist. 

He must declare on oath that he will support 
the Constitution of the United States. 

204 



He must have resided continuously within 
the United States for five years. 

He must have resided at least one year within 
the State in which the application is made. 

He must show that during this time he has 
behaved as a man of good moral character, and 
that he has supported the Constitution of the 
United States. 

He must bring before the cotirt two witnesses, 
citizens of the United States, to show that he 
has resided in the United States five years, and 
that he has behaved as a man of good moral 
character. 

He must renounce, if he has any, all titles of 
nobility. 

He must be able to speak the English language 
at the time of his final application for citizen- 
ship. 

He must pay the sum of one dollar for receiv- 
ing the declaration of intention. 

He must pay the sum of four dollars for re- 
ceiving the final certificate of citizenship. 

Persons who shall falsely make, forge, or 
counterfeit, or cause to be falsely made, forged, 
or counterfeited, or shall knowingly aid in falsely 
making, forging, or counterfeiting any certificate 
of citizenship, with intent to use the same, or 
with the intent that the same may be used by 
some other person, shall be fined not more than 
ten thousand dollars, or imprisoned not more 
than ten years, or both. 

If, within five years after the issuance of his 
certificate of citizenship, a naturalized citizen 

205 



returns to his native land or goes to any other 
foreign country and takes permanent residence 
there, it shall be considered as an evidence of a 
lack of intention on the part of such citizen to 
become a permanent citizen of the United 
States, and therefore his certificate of citizen- 
ship may be cancelled. 



LESSON LXXVIII 



HOW TO OBTAIN THE DECLARATION OF 

INTENTION PAPER, OR THE "FIRST 

PAPER." 

You may take out your "first paper" any 
time after you land in this country. 

No questions are asked when you take out 
your "first paper." 

To obtain your "first paper," you do not need 
to know the English language. 

No witnesses are needed for obtaining the 
"first paper." 

Read carefully the form below, and under- 
stand it thoroughly before applying for the 
declaration of intention paper. 

DECLARATION OF INTENTION. 

(Invalid for all purposes seven years after 
the date hereof.) 

, ss : 

I, , aged years, occupa- 
tion , do declare on oath (affirm) that my 

206 



personal description is: Color , complex- 
ion .;...., height . . . . , weight , color of 

hair , color of eyes , other visible 

distinctive marks ; I was born in 

on the day of , anno Domini ; 

I now reside at ; I emigrated to the United 

States of America from . .... .on the vessel... . . . ; 

my last foreign residence was It is my 

bona fide intention to renounce forever all alle- 
giance and fidelity to any foreign prince, poten- 
tate, state, or sovereignty, and particularly , 

to , of which I am now a citizen (subject) ; 

I arrived at the (port) of , in the State 

(Territory or District) of , on or about the 

day of , anno Domini ; I am 

not an anarchist; I am not a polygamist nor a 
believer in the practice of polygamy; and it is 
my ifttention in good faith to become a citizen 
of the United States of America and to perma- 
nently reside therein. So help me God. 

(Original signature of declarant) 

Subscribed and sworn to (affirmed) .before 

me this day of , anno Domini 

[L.S.] , 

(Official character of attestor.) 

HOW TO OBTAIN THE CERTIFICATE OF CITI- 
ZENSHIP, OR THE "SECOND PAPER." 

To obtain your "second paper," you must 
have lived in this country five years and must 
have lived at least one year in the State in which 
you make yoiir application. 

Two years must pass between the date of the 

207 



"first paper," and the date of the "second 
paper." The first paper becomes invalid seven 
years after the date on which it was obtained. 

Take with you two witnesses who are citizens 
of the United States, and who know you well. 
In court, they will testify as to yoiu: moral 
character, your support of the Constitution of 
the United States, and the number of years 
that you have lived in this country. 

To obtain your "second paper," you must be 
.able to speak the English language, and must 
know how the coimtry is governed. 

If you do not know the date of your arrival in 
the United States, write to the Commissioner 
of Immigration for such information. 

Read- carefully the form below, and imder- 
stand it thoroughly, before applying for natural- 
ization. 

PETITION FOR NATURALIZATION. 

. . . .Court of 

In the matter of the petition of 

to be admitted as a citizen of the United States 

of America. 

To the Court: 

The petition of respectfully shows: 

First. My full name is 

Second. My place of residence is number 
street, city of , State (Terri- 
tory or District) of 

Third. My occupation is 

Fourth. I was born on the day of 

at 

208 



Fifth. I emigrated to the United States from 

, on or about the day of , 

anno Domini , and arrived at the port of 

, in the United States, on the vessel 

Sixth. I declared my intention to become a 
citizen of the United States on the day of 

. . . . , at , in the court of 

Seventh. I am. . . .married. My wife's name 

is She was bom in and now 

resides at I have children, and 

the name, date, and place of birth and place of 
residence of each of said children is as follows: 

» t 

Eighth. I am not a disbeliever in or opposed 
to organized government or a member of or 
affiliated with any organization or body of per- 
sons teaching disbelief in organized government. 
I am not a polygamist nor a believer in the 
practice of polygamy. I am attached to the 
principles of the Constitution of the United 
States, and it is my intention to become a citizen 
of the United States and to renounce absolutely 
and forever all allegiance and fidelity to any 
foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, 

and particularly to , of which at this time 

I am a citizen (or subject), and it is my intention 
to reside permanently in the United States. 

Ninth. I am able to speak the English 
language. 

Tenth. I have resided continuously in the 
United States of America for a term of five 
years at least immediately preceding the date 
of this petition, to wit, since , anno Domini 



209 



, and in the State (Territory or District) 

of for one year at least next preceding the 

date of this petition, to wit, since day of 

, anno Domini 

Eleventh. I have not heretofore made peti- 
tion for citizenship to any court. (I made peti- 
tion for citizenship to the court of 

at ....... , and the said petition was denied by 

the said court for the following reasons and 

causes, to wit, , and the cause of 

such denial has since been cured or removed.) 

Attached hereto and made a part of this peti- 
tion are my declaration of intention to become 
a citizen of the United States and the certifi- 
cate from the Department of Commerce and 
Labor required by law. Wherefore your peti- 
tioner prays that he may be admitted a citizen 
of the United States of America. 

Dated 

(Signature of petitioner) 

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON REQUIRE- 
MENTS FOR ADMISSION TO AMERICAN 
CITIZENSHIP. 

I 

GENERAL QUESTIONS. 

1. What is the name of this country? 

The name of this country is the United States 
of America. 

2. Who were the Indians? 

The Indians were the people who lived in this 
country before Columbus discovered it. 

210 



3. When was America discovered? 
America was discovered in 1492. 

4. Who discovered America? 
Christopher Columbus discovered America. 

5. When was the first English settlement 
made in this country? 

In 1607. A band of Englishmen came to 
Virginia, where they founded Janiestown. 

6. What were the thirteen original colonies? 
The thirteen original colonies we!re New 

Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Con- 
necticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, 
Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, 
South Carolina, and Georgia. 

7. How were these colonies governed? 
These colonies became subject to Great Brit- 
ain, and were governed by the King of England. 

'8. How were the. colonies treated by the 
English government? 

They were not treated very well, and on ac- 
count of taxation without representation, they 
revolted against England. Wa,r was declared, 
commonly called the Revolutionary War. 

9. What was the result of the Revolutionary 
War? 

The result was that on the Fourth of July, 
1776, the colonies declared their independence, 
and formed a separate nation. 

10. How was this nation governed then? 
At first, each colony had its own government, 

but in 1787 all the colonies met and drew up a 
Constitution, jmd in 1789 the first Congress met, 
and the first President was elected. 

211 

14 



1 1 . Who was the first President of the United 
States? 

George Washington was the first President of 
the United States. 

12. What is a Constitution? 

A Constitution is the fundamental law which 
establishes the different branches of the govern- 
ment and which defines the powers and duties 
of each branch. 

13. Who was Abraham Lincoln? 
Abraham Lincoln was President of the United 

States dtiring the Civil War, in 1861. 

14. What did he do for his country? 

He helped abolish slavery in this country. 

15. When was the Spanish-American War? 
The Spanish-American War was in 1898. 

16. How many States are there in the Union? 
There are forty-eight States in the Union. 

17. What other territory does the United 
States include? 

It includes Alaska, the Philippine Islands, 
Guam, and the territories of Hawaii and Porto 
Rico. 

18. What is the capital of the United States? 
The capital of the IFnited States is Washing- 
ton, D. C, 

19. What is the population of the United 
States? 

The population of the United States is about 
one hundred million people. 

20. What kind of government do we have in 
the United States? 

We have a Republican form of government. 



212 



21. What is a Republic? 

A Republic is a country in which the people 
rule by means of representatives. 

22. What are the colors of the American 
flag? . 

The colors are red, white and blue. 

23. Describe the American flag. 

The American flag has 48 stars, which means 
that there are forty-eight States in the Union. 
There is one star for each State. The flag also 
has thirteen stripes, alternate red and white, 
representing the thirteen original colonies which 
declared. themselves free from England. 

II 

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT— CONGRESS. 
THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 

1. Into how many branches does the Con- 
stitution divide the government of the United 
States? 

The Constitution divides the governn::ient of 
the United States into three branches, the Legis- 
lative, the Executive, and the Judicial. 

2. Who makes the laws for the United States? 
Congress makes the laws for the United States. 

3. What is Congress? 

Congress is composed of the Senate and the 
House of Representatives. 

4. Where does Congress meet? 
Congress meets in Washington, D. C. 

5. Who elects the members of the House of 
Representatives ? 



213 



^The people of each State elect the members 
of the House of Representatives. 

6. For how long are they elected? 
They are elected for two years. 

7. What are. the qualifications for a Repre- 
sentative? 

He must be twenty-five years old, must be 
seven years a citizen of the United States, and 
must be, when elected, an inhabitant of the 
State in which he is elected. 

8. Whom do the members of the House of 
Representatives represent? 

They represent the district of the State from 
.which they are elected. 

9. How many Representatives are there from 
each State? 

The number of Representatives is determined 
by the population of the State. For about 
200,000 people, there is one Representative. 
From a State of 840,000 people, there are four 
members in the House of Representatives at 
Washington. 

10. How many Representatives are there 
from the State in which you live? 

(Lookup.) 

11. What is the name of the Representative 
from your district? 

(Look up.) 

THE SENATE. 

12. For how long are the members of the 
Senate elected? 

The members of the Senate are elected for 
six years. 

214 



13. Who elects the Senators of the United 
States? 

The people of ea,ch State elect the Senators. 

14. What are the qualifications for a Senator? 
A Senator must be over thirty years of age, 

must be nine years a citizen of the United States, 
and must be an inhabitant of the State from 
which he is elected. 

15. How many Senators are there from each 
State? 

There are two Senators from each State. 

16. Whom do the Senators represent? 

The Senators represent the State as a whole, 
and not any district in the State. 

17. What are the names of the Senators 
from your State? 

(Look up.) 

18. What are some of the powers and duties 
of Congress? 

Congress has the power to collect taxes and 
duties to pay the debts and provide for the 
general welfare of the United States. 

Congress has the power to borrow money on 
the credit of the United States. 

Congress has the power to coin money. 

Congress has the power to declare war. 

Congress has the power to raise and support 
armies, and to provide for a navy. 



215 



Ill 

THE EXECUTIVE. 

1. Who is the head of the United States? 
The President is the head of the United States. 

2. For how long is the President of the 
United States elected? 

The President of the United States is elected 
for four years. 

3. How is the President elected? • 
The President is elected indirectly by the 

people. The people of each State choose a 
number of electors equal to the number of 
Senators and Representatives from that State. 
These electors elect the President of the United 
States. 

4. What are the qualifications for a President 
of the United States? 

He must be a native-born citizen, must be 
thirty-five years of age, and must have been 
fourteen years a resident within the United 
States. 

5. How is the Vice-President of the United 
States elected? 

He is elected in the same way as the President. 
He is elected for four years. 

6. In case of removal of the President from 
office, who takes his place? 

The Vice-President takes up the duties of the 
President until a new Executive is elected. 

7. What are some of the powers and duties 
of the President of the United States? 



216 



The President is the commander-in<;hief of 
the army and the navy of the United States. 

It is the duty of the President to see that the 
laws are faithfully executed. 

The President signs the bills that are passed 
by Congress. 

The President has the power, with the consent 
of the Senate, to make treaties, appoint ambas- 
sadors, consuls, and judges. 

The President has the power to pardon. 

8. How does a bill become a law? 

A bill, in order to become a law, must be passed 
by the House of Representatives and the Senate, 
and then must be signed by the President of the 
United States. If the bill is vetoed by the 
President, it goes back to the Houses for re- 
consideration. If, after reconsideration, the bill 
is passed by two-thirds of each House, it be- 
comes a law without the signature of the Presi- 
dent. If the bill is not returned by the President 
within ten days after it is presented to him, it 
becomes a law in the same way as if he had 
signed it. 

9. What is the Cabinet? 

The Cabinet is composed of the heads of the 
Executive departments. 

10. How are the members of the Cabinet 
selected? 

The members of the Cabinet are appointed 
by the President, with the consent of the 
Senate. 

11. Name the Executive departtnents. 
Department of State. Has charge of foreign 

affairs. 

217 



DepaTtment of Justice. Has charge of legal 
affairs. 

Department of War. Has charge of the army 
and military affairs. 

Navy Department. Has charge of the navy 
and of naval affairs. 

Treasury Department. Has charge of fiscal 
affairs. 

Postoffice Department. Has charge of postal 
affairs. . • 

Department of the Interior. Has charge of 
domestic affairs. 

Department of Agriculture. Has charge of 
agricilltiiral affairs. 

Department of Commerce. Has charge of 
commerce. 

Department of Labor. Has charge of im- 
migration and labor. 

12. Who is the present Secretary of State? 
(Look up.) 

13. Who is the present Secretary of Labor? 
(Look up.) 

14. Who is the present Commissioner of Im- 
migration? 

(Look up.) 

15. Who is the President of the United States 
now? 

(Look up.) 

16. Who is the Vice-President? 
(Look up.) 

17. How many parties are there now in the 
United States? 

(Look up.) 

218 



18. To what party does the present President 
of the United States belong? 

(Look up.) 

19. Can you name the candidates of the 
other parties? 

(Look up.) 

20. What does each party stand for? 
(Look up.) 

IV 

THE JUDICIARY. 

1. Who interprets the laws of the United 
States? 

The Supreme Court and other inferior courts 
which Congress may establish, interpret the 
laws. 

2. How many members are there in the Su- 
preme Court? 

Nine. One Chief Justice, and eight Associate 
Justices. 

3. How are the Judges of the Supreme 
Court elected? 

They are appointed by the President of the 
United States. 

4. For how long are they appointed? 
They are appointed for life, provided they are 

competent. 

V 

STATE GOVERNMENT. 

1. Into how many branches does the State 
divide its government? 

The State divides its government into three 

219 



branches, the Legislative branch, the Executive 
branch, and the Judicial branch. 

2. Who makes the laws for the State? 

The State Legislature makes the laws for the 
State. 

3.' What is the State Legislature? 

Tlie State Legislature is composed of the 
Senate, or Upper House, and the House of 
Representatives, or Lower House. 

4. What are the qualifications for a member 
of the State Legislature? 

He must be a citizen of the United States. 

5. How are the members of the State Legis- 
lature elected? 

They are elected by the people of each State. 

6. Who is the head of the State? 
The Governor is the head of the State. 

7. How is the Governor elected? 
The Governor is elected by the people. 

8. For how long is the Governor elected? 
The term of office varies from one to four 

years. 

9. What are some of the powers and duties 
of the Governor? 

The Governor is the Commander-in-Chief of 
the State militia. 

It is the duty of the Governor to see that the 
laws of the State are faithfully executed. 

The Governor has the power to pardon. 

10. Who is the present Governor of the State 
in which you live? 

(Look up.) 

220 



11. What is the capital of the State in which 
you Uve? 

(Look up.) 

12. What is the population of the State in 
which you live? 

(Look up.) 

13. What is the name of the County in which 
you live? 

(Look up.) 

VI 

CITY GOVERNMENT. 

1. Who gives the right to the city to govern 
itself? 

The State Legislature grants to the city a 
charter which gives it the power to govern itself. 

2. Who makes the laws for the city? 

The City Legislature, or the Council, makes 
the laws. This Legislature is composed of the 
Board of Aldermen, or the Upper House, and 
of the Common Cotincil, or the Lower House. 

3. How are the members of the Council 
elected? 

They are elected by the people. Each city 
is divided into wards. The people in each ward 
elect their own members to represent them in 
the CoTincil. 

4. What are some of the powers and duties 
of the Cotmcil? 

The Council has the power to arrange the ex- 
penses and taxation of the city. 

221 



It has the power to grant privileges and rights 
to private corporations and companies. 

5. Who is the head of the city? 
The Mayor is the head of the city. 

6. How is the Mayor elected? 
The Mayor is elected by the people. 

7. What are some of the powers and duties 
of the Mayor? 

It is the duty of the Mayor to see that the 
laws of the city are faithfully executed. 

The Mayor appoints and removes certain 
officers in the city. 

The Mayor has the supervision of the city 
departments. 

8. Name some of the city departments. 
The Treasury Department. 

The Fire Department. 

The Health Department, (or Board of Health). 

The Police Department. 

The Street Department. 

The Board of Public Works. 

The School Board. 



222 



PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 

Name Year 

1. George Washington 1789 

2. John Adams 1797 

3. Thomas Jefferson 1801 

4. James Madison 1809 

5. James Monroe 1817 

6. John Quincy Adams 1825 

7. Andrew Jackson 1829 

8. Martin Van Buren 1837 

9. WiUiam H. Harrison 1841 

10. John Tyler 1841 

11. James K. Polk 1845 

12. Zachary Taylor 1849 

13. Millard Fillmore 1850 

14. Franklin Pierce 1853 

15. James Buchanan 1857 

16. Abraham Lincoln 1861 

17. Andrew Johnson 1865 

18. Ulysses S. Grant 1869 

19. Rutherford B. Hayes 1877 

20. James A. Garfield 1881 

21. Chester A. Arthur 1881 

22. Grover Cleveland 1885 

23. Benjamin Harrison 1889 

24. Grover Cleveland 1893 

25. William McKinley 1897 

26. Theodore Roosevelt 1901 

27. Wmiam H. Taft 1909 

28. Woodrow Wilson 1913 



223 



POPULATION AND AREA OF THE UNITED STATES AND 
TERRITORIES— CENSUS 1910 





Gross 






Gross 




States and 


Area- 




States and 


Area 




Territories 


Square 

Miles 


Capitals 


Territories 


Square 
Miles 


Capitals 


Alabama 


52.250 


Montgomery 




77.610 


Lincoln 


Alaska Ter.... 


590,884 


Juneau 




110.700 


Carson City 


Arizona 


113,020 


Phoenix 


New Hamp . . . 


9.305 


Concord 


Arkansas 


53,850 


Little Rock 


New Jersey . . , 


7,815 


Trenton 


California 


158,360 


Sacramento 




122,680 


Santa Fe 


Colorado, 


103,926 


Denver 


New York .... 


49,170 


Albany 


Connecticut., , 


4.990 


Hartford 


N. Carolina, . . 


52,260 


Raleigh 


Delaware 


2,050 


Dover 


N. Dakota 


70,795 


Bismarck 


Dist. of Col.. . 


70 


Washington 


Ohio 


41,060 


Columbus 


Florida 


58,680 


Tallahassee 


Oklahoma. . . . 


70,057 


Oklahoma City 


Georgia 


59.475 


Atlanta 


Oregon 


96,030 


Salem 


Idaho 


84.800 


Boise 




45,215 


Harrisburg 


Illinois 


56.660 


Springfield 


Rhode Island.. 


1,260 


Providence 


Indiana 


36,350 


Indianapolis 


S. Carolina. . . . 


30,570 


Columbia 




56,026 
82,080 


Des Momes 
Topeka 


S. Dakota. . . . 
Tennessee. . . . 


77,650 
42,050 


Pierre 


Kansas 


Nashville 


Kentucky 


40,400 


Fyankfort 


Texas 


266,780 


Austin 


Louisiana 


48,720 


Baton Rouge 


Utah 


84,970 


Salt Lake City 


Maine 


33,040 


Augusta 


Vermont 


9,565 


Montpelier 


Maryland 


12,210 


Annapolis 


Virginia 


42.450 


Richmond 


Massachusetts. 


8,315 


Boston 


Washington, . . 


69,180 


Olympia 


Michigan 


58,915 


Lansing 


W. Virginia. . . 


24,780 


Charleston 


Minnesota 


83,365 


St. Paul 


Wisconsin. . , . 


56,040 


Madison 


Mississippi 


46,810 


Jackson 
Jefferson City 


Wyoming 


97,890 


Cheyenne 


Missouri 


69,415 












Montana 


146,080 


Helena 


Total U. S. . 


3,616,484 





States and 
Territories 


1910 


States and 
Territories 


1910 




2,138,093 
64.336 

204.354 
1.674.449 
2,377.649 

799.024 
1.114.756 




376,053 


Alaska. 


Nebraska. . 


1,192,214 


Arizona 


Nevada 


81,876 


Arkansas 


New Hampshire. . 


430,672 






2,537,167 
327,301 


Colorado 


New Mexico 




New York 


9,113,279 

2,206,287 

577,056 

4 767,121 


Dakota 




Delaware 


202.322 

331.069 

761.139 

2,609,121 

191,909 

325,694 

6,638.591 

2,700.876 

2.224.771 

1,690,949 

2,289,905 

1,656,388 

742,371 

1.295,346 

3,366,416 

2,810,173 

2,075,708 

1,797,114 

3,293,335 


North Dakota 


District of Columbia 


Ohio 


Florida 




1,667.155 

672.765 

7,665,111 

542.610 

1,515,400 

583,888 

2,184,789 

3,896,542 

373,351 

355,956 

2,061,612 

1,141.990 

1.221.119 

2,333,860 

145,965 


Georgia 




Hawaii 


Pennsylvania 




Rhode Island . . 






Indiana 


South Dakota 


Iowa 


Tennessee 




Texas 


Kentucky 


Utah 


Louisiana ... 


Vermont 






Washington. ... 

West Virginia 


Massachusetts 


Michigan 




Minnesota 


Wyoming 


Mississippi 


Total 


Missouri 


9 1.972.266 



224 



PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES 

Incorporated Places of 5,000 or More Inhabitants 



ALABAMA 

Anniston 12,79i 

Bessemer 10,864 

Birmingham 132,685 

Dothan 7,016 

Florence 6,689 

Gadsden,..' 10,557 

Huntsville 7,611 

Mobile 51,521 

Montgomery 38, 136 

New Decatur 6,118 

Selma 13,649 

Talladega 5,854 

Tuscaloosa 8,407 

ARIZONA. 

Bisbee 9,019 

Douglas 6,437 

Globe 7,083 

Phoenix 11,134 

Prescott 5,092 

Tucson 13,193 

ARKANSAS. 

Argenta 11,138 

Fort Smith 23,975 

Helena 8,772 

Hot Springs 14,434 

Jonesboro 7,123 

Little Rock 45,941 

Paragould 5,248 

Pine Bluff 15,102 

Texarkana 5,655 

• CALIFORNIA. 

Alameda 23,383 

Bakersfield 12,727 

Berkeley 40,434 

Eureka 11,845 

Fresno 24,892 

Long Beach 17,809 

Los Angeles 319,198 

Marysville 5,430 

Napa 5,791 

Oakland 150,174 

Pasadena 30,291 

Petaluma 5,880 

Pomona 10,207 

Redlands 10,449 

Richmond 6,802 

Riverside 15,212 

Sacramento 44,696 

San Bernardino. . 12,779 

San Diego 39,578 

San Francisco 416,912 

San Jose 28,946 

San Luis Obispo. . 5,157 

San Rafael 5,934 

Santa Ana 8,429 

Santa Barbara . . . 11,659 

Santa Cruz 11,146 

Santa Monica 7,847 

Santa Rosa 7,817 

Stockton 23,253 

Vallejo 11,340 



COLORADO. 

-Boulder 9,539 

Canon 5,162 

Colorado Springs. 29,078 

Cripple Creek 6,206 

Denver 213,381 

Fort Collins 8,210 

Grand Junction . . 7,754 

Greeley. 8,179 

Leadville 7,508 

Pueblo 44,395 

Trinidad 10,204 

CONNECTICUT. 

Ansonia 15.152 

Branford 6,047 

Bridgeport 102,054 

Bristol 13,502 

Danbury 23,502 

Derby 8,991 

East Hartford 8,138 

Enfield 9,719 

Fairfield 6,134 

Greenwich 16,463 

Groton 6,495 

Hamden .5,850 

Hartford. 98,915 

Huntington 6,545 

Killingly 6,564 

Manchester 13,641 

Meriden 32,086 

Middletown 20,749 

Naugatuck 12,722 

New Britain 43,916 

New Haven 133,605 

New London 19,669 

New Milford 5,010 

Norwalk 24,211 

Norwich 28,219 

Orange 11,272 

Plainfield 6,719 

Plymouth 5,021 

Putnam 7,280 

Southington 6,516 

South Norwalk. . . 8,968 

Stafford 5,233 

Stamford 28,836 

Stonington 9,154 

Stratford 5,712 

Torrington 16,840 

Vernon 9,087 

Wallingford 11,155 

Waterbury 73,141 

Willimantic 1 1,230 

Winsted 7,764 

DELAWARE. 

Wilmington 87,411 

DISTRICT OF 

COLUMBIA. 

Washington ..... 331,069 

FLORIDA. 

Gainesville 6,183 

Jacksonville 67,699 

225 



FLORIDA— Con(i»««(i. 

Key West 19,945 

Lake City 5,032 

Miami 5,471 

Pensacola 22,982 

St. Augustine .... 5,494 

Tallahassee 5,018 

Tampa 37,782 

West Tampa 8,268 

GEORGIA 

Albany 8,190 

Americus 8,063 

Athens 14,913 

Atlanta 154,839 

Augusta 41,040 

Brunswick 10,182 

Columbus 20,554 

Cordele 5,883 

Dalton 5,324 

Dublin 6,795 

Elberton 6,843 

Fitzgerald 5,795 

Gainesville 5,925 

Griffin 7,478 

La Grange 5,i)87 

Macon 40,665 

Marietta . : 6,949 

Newnam .5,548 

Rome 12,099 

Savannah 66,064 

ThomasviUe 6,727 

Valdosta 7,6.56 

Waycross 14,486 

IDAHO. 

Boise 17,358 

Coeur d'Alene 7,291 

Lewiston 6,043 

Pocatello 9,110 

Twin Falls 5,258 

ILLINOIS. 

Alton 17,528 

Aurora 29,807 

Beardstown 6,107 

Belleville 21,122 

Belvidere 7,253 

Berwyn 5,841 

Bloomington 26,768 

Blue Island 8,043 

Cairo 14,548 

Canton. 10,453 

Carbondale 5,411 

Centralia 9,680 

Champaign 12,421 

Charleston 5,884 

Chicago 2,185,283 

Chicago Heights.. , 14,525 

Cicero 14,557 

Clinton 5,165 

CollinsviUe 7,478 

Danville 27,871 

Decatur 31,140 

DeKalb 8,102 



PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES— Continued. 



ILLINOIS— Continued. 

Dixon 7,216 

Duquoin 5,454 

East St. Louis. . . 58,547 

Edwardsville 5,014 

Elgin 25,976 

Evanston 24,978 

Forest Park 6,594. 

Preeport 17,567 

Galesburg 22,089 

Granite 9,903 

Harrisburg ...'... 5,309 

Harvey 7,227 

Herrin 6,861 

Jacksonville 15,326 

Jdliet 34,670 

Kankakde 13,986 

Kewanee 9,307 

La Grange 5,282 

Lasalle 11,537 

Lincoln 10,892 

Litchfield 5,971 

Macomb 5,774 

Madison 5,046 

Marion 7,093 

Mattoon 11,456 

Mavwood , 8,033 

Moline 24,199 

Monmouth 9,128 

Mount Carmel. . . 6,934 

Mount Vernon. . . 8,007 

Murphysboro .... 7,485 

Oak Park 19,444 

Olhey 5,011 

Ottawa 9,535 

Pana 6,055 

Paris 7,664 

Pekin 9,897 

Peoria 66,950 

Peru 7,984 

Pontiac 6,090 

Quincy 36,687 

Rockford 45,401 

Rock Island 24,335 

Springfield 61,678 

Spring Valley 7,035 

Staunton 5,048 

SterUng 7,467 

Streator 14,253 

Taylorville 5,446 

Urbana 8,245 

Waukegan 16,069 

INDIANA 

Alexandria 5,096 

Anderson 22,476 

Bedford 8,716 

Bloomington 8,838 

Bra/jl 9,340 

Clinton 6,229 

Columbus 8,813 

Connersville 7,738 

Crawfordsville. .. 9,371 

East Chicago 19,098 

Elkhart 19,282 



INDIANA— ConfJnMed. 

Elwood 11,028 

Evansville 69,64^ 

Port Wayne 63,933 

Frankfort 8,63* 

Gary 16,802 

Goshen 8,51* 

Greensburg 6,42" 

Hammond 20,925 

Hartford 6,187 

Huntington 10,272 

Indianapolis 233,650 

Jeffersonville 10,412 

Kokomo 17,010 

Lafayette 20,081 

Laporte 10,525 

Lebanon 5,474 

Linton 5,906 

Logansport 19,050 

Madison 6,934 

Marion 19,359 

Michigan 19,027 

Mishawaka, 11,886 

Mount Vernon. . . 6,563 

Muncie 24,006 

New Albany 20,629 

Newcastle 9,446 

Noblesville 5,073 

Peru 10,910 

Portland 5,130 

Princeton 6,448 

Richmond 22, 324 

Seymour 6,305 

Shelbyville 9,500 

South Bend 53,684 

Terre Haute 68,157 

Valparaiso 5,987 

Vincennes 14,896 

Wabash 8,687 

Washington : 7,864 

Wliiting 6,587 

IOWA. 

Boone 10,347 

Burlington 24,324 

Cedar Rapids 32,811 

Centerville 6,936 

Charles City 6,892 

Clinton 25,577 

Council Bluffs 29,292 

Creston 6,924 

Davenport 43,028 

Des Moines 86,368 

DubuQue 38,494 

Fort Dodge ....... 15,543 

Fort Madison 8,900 

Grinnell 5,036 

Iowa City 10,091 

Keokuk 14,008 

Marshalltown .... 13,374 

Mason City 11,230 

Muscatine 16,178 

Oelwein 6,028 

Oskaloosa 9,466 

Ottumwa 22,012 

226 



IOWA — Continued. 

Sioux City 47,828 

Waterloo 26,693 

Webster City 5,208 

KANSAS. 

Arkansas City. .. 7,508 

Atchison 16,429 

Coffeyville 12,687 

Emporia 9,068 

Fort Scott 10,463 

Galena 6,096 

Hutchinson 16,364 

Independence. . . . 10,480 

lola 9,032 

Junction 5,598 

Kansas City 82,331 

Lawrence 12,374 

Leavenworth .... 19,363 

Manhattan 6,722 

Newton 7,862 

Ottawa 7,660 

Parsons 12,463 

Pittsburg 14,765 

Rosedale 5,960 

Salina 9,688 

Topeka 43,684 

Wellington 7,034 

Wichita 52,460 

Winfield 6,700 

KENTUCKY. 

Ashland 8,688 

Bellevue 6,683 

Bowling Green. . . 9,173 

Covington 63,270 

Danville 5,420 

Dayton 6,970 

Frankfort 10,465 

Henderson 1 1,452 

Hopkinsville 9,419 

Lexington 35,099 

Louisville 223,925 

Mayfield 6,916 

Maysville 6,141 

Middlesboro 7,305 

Newport 30,309 

Owensboro 16,011 

Paducah 22,760 

Paris 5,859 

Richmond 5,340 

Winchester 7,166 

LOUISIANA 

Alexandria 11,213 

Baton Rouge. . . . 14,897 

Crowley. .' 6,099 

Houma 6,024 

Lafayette 6,394 

Lake Charles .... 11,449 

Monroe 10,209 

Morgan City .... 5,477 

New Iberia 7,499 

New Orleans 339,075 

Shreveport 28,015 



PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES— ConUnued. 



MAINE 

Auburn 15,064 

Augusta 13,211 

Bangor 24,803 

Bath 9,396 

Biddeford 17,079 

Brewer 5,667 

Brunswick 6,621 

Calais 6,116 

Caribou 5,377 

Gardiner 5,311 

Houlton 5,845 

Lewiston 26,247 

/Old Town 6,317 

Presquelsle 5,179 

Portland 58,571 

RocUand 8,174 

Romford 6,777 

Saco 6,583 

Sanford 9,049 

Skowhegan 5,341 

South Portland... 7,471 

Waterville 11,458 

Westbrook 8,281 

MARYLAND 

Annapolis 8,609 

Baltimore 558,485 

Cambridge 6,407 

Cumberland 21,839 

Frederick 10,411 

Frostburg 6,028 

Hagerstown 16,507 

Salisbury 6,690 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Abington 5,455 

Adams 13,026 

Amesbury 9,894 

Amherst 5,112 

Andover 7,301 

Arlington 11,187 

Athol 8,536 

Attleboro 16,215 

Belmont 5,542 

Beverly 18,650 

Blackstone 5,648 

Boston 670,585 

Braintree 8,066 

Bridgewater 7,688 

Brocton 56,878 

Brooldine 27,792 

Cambridge 104,839 

Chelmsford 5,010 

Chelsea 32,452 

Chioopee 25,401 

Clinton 13,075 

Concord '. 6,421 

Danvers 9,407 

Dedham 9,284 

Easthampton 8,524 

Easton 5,139 

Everett 33,484 

Pairhaven 5,122 

FaU River 119,295 

Fitohburg 37,826 



15 



MASSACHUSETTS 
Continued. 

Framingham 12,948 

Franklin 5,641 

Gardner 14,699 

Gloucester 24,398 

Grafton 5,705 

G't Harrington. . . 5,926 

Greenfield 10,427 

Haverhill 44,115 

Holyoke 57,730 

Hudson 6,743 

Hyde Park 15,507 

Ipswich 5,777 

Lawrence 85,892 

Leominster 17,580 

Lowell 106,294 

Lynn 89,336 

Maiden 44,404 

Mansfidd 5,183 

Marblehead 7,338 

Marlboro 14,579 

Maynard 6,390 

Medford 23,150 

Melrose 15,715 

Methuen 11,448 

Middleboro 8,214 

Milford 13,055 

Milton 7,924 

Montague 6,866 

Natick 9,866 

Needham 5,026 

New Bedford 96,652 

Newburyport .... 14,949 

Newton 39,806 

North Adams 22,019 

North Andover. . . 5,529 

N. Attleboro 9,562 

Northampton 19,431 

Northbridge 8,807 

Norwood 8,014 

Orange 5,282 

Palmer 8,610 

Peabody 15,721 

Pittsfield.; 32,121 

Plymouth 12,141 

Qnincy 32,642 

Reading 5,818 

Revere 18,219 

Rockland 6,928 

Salem 43,697 

Saugus 8,047 

Somerville 77,236 

Southbridge 12,592 

Spencer 6,740 

Springfield 88,926 

Stoneham 7,090 

Stoughton 6,316 

Stampscott 6,204 

Taunton 34,259 

Wakefield 11,404 

Waltham 27,834 

Ware 8,774 

Watertown 12,875 

Webster 11,509 

227 



MASSACHUSETTS 
Continued. 

Wellesley 6,413 

W.Springfield... 9,224 

Westboro 5,446 

Westfield 16,044 

Weymouth 12,895 

Whitman 7,292 

Winohendon 5,678 

Winchester 9,309 

Winthrop 10,132 

Wobum 15,308 

Worcester 145,986 

MICHIGAN. 

Adrian 10,763 

Albion 5,833 

Alpena 12,706 

Ann Arbor 14,817 

Battle Creek. .... 25,267 

Bay City 45,166 

Benton Harbor. . . 9,185 

Boyne City 5,218 

Cadillac 8,375 

Cheboygan 6,859 

Coldwater 5,945 

Detroit 465,766 

Dowagiac 5,088 

Escanaba 13,194 

Flint...., 38,550 

Grand Haven] .. . 5,856 

Grand RapldS .... 112,571 

Hancock 8,981 

Hillsdale 5,001 

Holland 10,490 

Houghton 5,113 

Ionia 5,030 

Iron Mountain. . . 9,216 

Ironwood 12,821 

Ishpeming , 12,448 

Jackson 31,433 

Kalamazoo 39,437 

Lansing 31,229 

Laurium 8,537 

Ludington 9,132 

Manistee 12,381 

Marquette 11,503 

Menominee 10,507 

Monroe 6,893 

Mt. Clemens 7,707 

Muskegon 24,062 

Negaunee 8.460 

Niles 5,166 

Owosso 9,639 

Pontiac 14,532 

Port Huron 18,863 

Saginaw 50,510 

St. Joseph 5,936 

SauItSte. Marie.. 12,615 

Three Rivers 5,072 

Traverse City 12,115 

Wyandotte 8,287 

Ypsilanti 6,230 

MINNESOTA. 

Albert Lea 6,192 

Austin 6,960 



PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES— Co»«M«e(i. 



MINNESOTA— Con. 

Bemidji 5,099 

Brainerd 8,S26 

Chisholm. 7,684 

Cloquet 7,031 

Crookston 7,559 

Duluth 78,446 

Mankato 10,365 

Minneapolis 301,403 

NewUlm 5,648 

Owatonna 5,658 

Redwing 9,048 

Rochester 7,844 

St. Cloud 10,600 

St. Paul 214,744 

Stillwater 10,198 

Virginia 10,473 

Winona 18,583 

MISSISSIPPI. 

Biloxi 8,049 

Brookhaven 5,293 

Columbus City. . . 8,988 

Corinth 5,020 

Greenville 9,610 

Greenwood 5,836 

Gulfport 6,386 

Hattiesburg 11,733 

Jackson 21,262 

Laurel 8,465 

McComb 6,237 

Meridian 23,285 

Natchez 11,791 

Vicksburg 20,814 

Yazoo 6,796 

MISSOURI. 

Brookfield 5,749 

Cape Girardeau . . 8,475 

Carthage; 9,483 

Chillitothe 6,265 

Columbia 9,662 

Flat River 5,112 

Fulton 5,228 

Hannibal. 18,341 

Independence. . . . 9,859 

Jefferson. 11,850 

Joplin. . . . ; 32,073 

Kansas City 248,381 

Kirkville 6,347 

Lexington ' 5,242 

Mexico 5,939 

Moberly 10,923 

Nevada 7,176 

Poplar Blufi 6,916 

St. Charles 9,437 

St. Joseph 77,403 

St. Louis 687,029 

Sedalia 18,822 

Springfield 35,201 

Trenton 5,656 

Webb 11,817 

Webster Groves. . 7,080 

WeUston 7,312 



MONTANA. 

Anaconda 10,134 

Billings 10,031 

Bozeman 5,107 

Butte 39,165 

Great Palls 13,948 

Helena 12,515 

KaUspel 5,549 

Livingston 6,359 

Missoula 12,869 

NEBRASKA. 

Beatrice 9,356 

Columbus 5,014 

Pairbury 5,294 

Preemont 8,718 

Grand Island 10,326 

Hastings 9,338 

Kearney 6,202 

LinooUi 43,973 

Nebraska City . . . 5,488 

Norfolk 6,025 

Omaha. 124,096 

South Omaha 26,259 

York 6,236 

NEVADA. 

Reno 10,867 

NEW HAMPSHIRE. 

Berlin 11,780 

Claremont 7,529 

Confcord 21,497 

Derry 5,123 

Dover 13,247 

Franklin 6,132 

Keene . . . '. 10,068 

Laconia. 10,183 

Lebanon 5,718 

Manchester 70,063 

Nashua 26,005 

Portsmouth 11,269 

Rochester 8,868 

Somersworth 6,704 

NEW JERSEY. 

Asbury Park 10,150 

Atlantic City 46,150 

Bayonne 55,545 

Bloomfield 15,070 

Bridgeton 14,209 

Burlington 8,336 

Camden 94,538 

Dover 7,468 

East Orange 34,371 

Elizabeth 73,409 

Englewood 9,924 

Garfield 10,213 

Gloucester 9,462 

Guttenberg 5,647 

Hackensack 14,050 

Hammonton 5,088 

Harrison 14,498 

Hoboken 70,324 

Irvington 11,877 

Jersey City 267,779 

Kearny 18,659 

228 



NEW JERSEY— Con 

Long Branch 13,298 

Millville 12,451 

Montclair 21,550 

Morristown ^ - 12,507 

Newark 347,469 

New Brunswick. . 23,388 

N. Plainfield 6,117 

Nutley 6,009 

Orange 29,630 

Passaic 54,773 

Paterson 125,600 

Perth Amboy 32,121 

PhilUpsburg 13,903 

Plainfield 20,550 

Princeton 5,136 

Rahway 9,337 

Red Bank 7,398 

Ridgewood 5,416 

Roosevelt 5,786 

Rutherford 7,045 

Salem 6,614 

Somerville ; 5,060 

South Amboy 7,007 

South Orange 6,014 

Summit 7,500 

Trenton 96,815 

Union 21,023 

Vineland 5,282 

Westfield 6,420 

West Hoboken. . . 35,403 

W. New York. . . . 13,560 

West Orange 10,980 

NEW MEXICO. 

Albuquerque 11,020 

Roswell 6,172 

Santa Fe 5,072 

NEW YORK. 

Albany 100,253 

Albion 5,016 

Amsterdam 31,267 

Auburn 34,668 

Batavia 11,613 

Binghamton 48,443 

Buffalo 423,715 

Canandaigua 7,217 

Catskill...: 5,296 

Cohoes 24,709 

Coming 13,730 

Cortland 11,504 

Dunkirk 17,221 

Elmira 37,176 

Fredonia 5,285 

Fulton...-. 10,480 

Geneva 12,446 

Glens Falls 15,243 

Gloversville 20,642 

Havgrstraw 5,669 

Herkimer 7,520 

Hoosick Falls 5,532 

Hornell 13,617 

Hudson 11,417 

Hudson Palls 5,189 



PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES— Continued. 



NEW YORK— Com. 

Ilion 6.588 

Ithaca 14,802 

Jamestown 31,297 

Johnstown 10,447 

Kingston 25,908 

Lackawanna 14,549 

Lockoort 17,970 

Malone 6,467 

Mamaroneck. . . . 5,699 

Matteawan 6,727 

Mechanicsville. . . 6,634 

Medina 5,683 

Middletown 15,313 

Mount Vemon. . . 30,919 

New Rochelle .... '28,867 

New York 4,766,883 

Newark 6,227 

Newburgh 27,805 

Niagara Falls 30,445 

N. TanTTtown 5,421 

N. Tonawanda. . . 11,955 

Norwich 7,422 

Ogdensbuig 15,933 

Olean 14,743 

Oneida 8,317 

Oneonta 9,491 

Ossining 11,480 

Oswego 23,368 

Peekskill 15,245 

Plattsburg 11,138 

Port Chester 12 ,809 

Portjervis 9,564 

Poughkeepsie 27,936 

Rensselaer 10,711 

Rochester 218,149 

Rome 20,497 

Salamanca 5,792 

Saratoga Springs . 12,693 

Schenectady 72,826 

Seneca 6,588 

Solvay 5,139 

Syracuse 137,249 

Tonawanda 8,290 

Troy 76,813 

Utica 74,419 

Watertown 26,730 

Watervliet 15,074 

White Plains 15,949 

Yonkers 79,803 

NORTH CAROLINA. 

AsheviUe 18,762 

Charlotte 34,014 

Concord 8,715 

Durham 18,241 

Elizabeth City... 8,412 

FayetteviUe 7,045 

Gastonia 5,759 

Goldsboro 6,107 

Greensboro 15,895 

High Point 9,525 

Kinston 6,995 

Newbern 9,961 

Raleigh 19,218 



N. CAROLINA-^-CoB. 

Rocky Mount 8,051 

Salem 5,533 

Washington 6,211 

Wilmington 25,748 

Wilson 6,717 

Winston 17,167 

NORTH DAKOTA. 

Bismarck 5,443 

Devil's Lake 5,157 

Fargo 14,331 

Grand Forks 12,478 

Minot 6,188 

OHIO. 

Akron 69,067 

Alliance 15,083 

Ashland 6,795 

Ashtabula 18,266 

Athens 5,463 

Barverton 9,410 

Bellaire 12,946 

Belief ontaine. .. . 8,238 

Bellevue 5,209 

Bowling Green. . . 5,222 

Bucyrus 8,122 

Cambridge 11,327 

Canal Dover 6,621 

Canton 50,217 

Chillicothe 14,508 

Cincinnati 363,591 

Circleville 6,744 

Cleveland 560,663 

Columbus 181,511 

Conneaut 8,319 

Coshocton 9,603 

Dayton 116,577 

Defiance 7,327 

Delaware 9,076 

Delphos 5,038 

East Cleveland. . . 9,179 

East Liverpool... 20,387 

Elyria 14,825 

Findlay t 14,858 

Fostoria 9,597 

Fremont 9,939 

GaUion 7,214 

Gallipolis 5,560 

Greenville 6,237 

Hamilton 35,279 

Ironton 13,147 

Jackson 5,468 

Kenton 7,185 

Lakewood 15,181 

Lancaster . .. 13,093 

Lima 30,508 

Lorain 28,883 

Madisonville 5,193 

Mansfield..-. 20,768 

Marietta 12,923 

Marion 18,232 

Martins Ferry. . . 9,133 

Massillon 13,879 

Middletown 13,152 

Mount Vemon. . . 9,087 

229 



OHIO — Continued. 

Nelsonville 6,082 

New Phila 7,542 

Newark 25,404 

Newburg 5,813 

Niles 8,361 

Norwalk 7,858 

Norwood 16,185 

Painesville 5,501 

Piqua 13,388 

Portsmouth 23,481 

Ravenna 5,310 

St. Bernard 5,002 

St: Marys 5,732 

Salem 8,943 

Sandusky 19,989 

Sidney 6,607 

Springfield 46,921 

Steubenville 22,391 

Tiffin.. 11,894 

Toledo...' 168,497 

Troy 6,122 

Urbana 7,739 

Van Wert 7,157 

Wapakoneta 5,349 

Warren 11,081 

Washington 

Court House ... 7,277 

Wellston 6,875 

Wellsville 7,769 

Wooster 6,136 

Xenia 8,706 

Youngstown 79,066 

Zauesville 28,026 

OKLAHOMA. 

Ardmore 8,618 

Bartlesville 6,181 

Chickasha 10,320 

Durant 5,330 

El Reno 7,872 

Enid 13,799 

Guthrie 11,654 

Lawton 7,788 

McAlester 12,954 

Muskogee 25,278 

Oklahoma City... 64,205 

Sapulpa 8,283 

Shawnee 12,474 

Tulsa 18,182 

OREGON. 

Ashland 5,020 

Astoria 9,599 

Baker City 6,742 

Eugene 9,009 

Medford 8,840 

Portland 207,214 

Salem 14,094 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Allentown 51,913 

Altoona 52,127 

Ambridge 5,205 

Archbald 7,194 

Ashland 6,855 



PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE, UNITED STATES—Continued. 



PENTSiA.— Continued. 

Ashley 5,601 

Bangor 5,369 

Beaver Falls 12,191 

Bellevue 6,323 

Berwick 5,357 

Bethlehem 12,837 

Blakely 5,345 

Bloomsburg 7,413 

Braddock 19,357 

Bradford 14,544 

Bristol 9,256 

Butler 20,728 

Carbondale 17,040 

Carlisle 10,303 

Carnegie 10,009 

Carrick 6,117 

Catasauqua 5,250 

Chambersburg. , , 11,800 

Charleroi 9,615 

Chester 38,357 

Clearfield 6,851 

Coaldale 5,154 

Coatesville 11,084 

Columbia 11,454 

Connellsville 12,845 

Conshohocken . . .' 7,480 

Coraopolis 5,252 

Carry 6,991 

Danville 7,517 

Darby 6,305 

Dickson City 9,331 

Donora 8,174 

Dubois 12,623 

Dunmore 17,615 

Duquesne 15,727 

Duryea 7,487 

E. CJonemaugh. . . 5,046 

E. Pittsburgh 5,615 

Easton 28,523 

Edwardsville 8,407 

Erie 66,525 

Etna 5,830 

Forest City 5,749 

Franklin 9,767 

Preeland 6,197 

Gilberton 5,401 

Glassport 5,540 

Greater 

Punxsutawney . 9,058 

Greensburg 13,012 

Greenville 5,909 

Hanover 7,057 

Harrisburg 64,186 

Hazleton 25,452 

Homestead 18,713 

Huntington 6,861 

Indiana 5,749 

Jeanette 8,077 

Jersey Shore; 5,381 

Johnstown 55,482 

Juniata 5,285 

Kane 6,626 

Kingston 6,449 

Knoxville 5,651 



PENNA. — Continued. 

Lancaster 47,227 

Lansford 8,321 

Larkville 9,288 

Latrobe 8,777 

Lebanon 19,240 

Lehighton 5,316 

Lewistown 8,166 

Lockhaven 7,772 

Luzerne 5,426 

McKees Rocks ... 14,702 

McKeesport 42,694 

Mahanoy City. . . 15,936 

Meadville 12,780 

Middletown 5,374 

Millvale 7.861 

Milton 7,460 

Minersville 7,240 

Monessen 11,775 

Monongahela .... 7,598 

Mount Carmel. . . 17,632 

Mt. Pleasant 5,812 

Munhall 5,185 

Nanticoke 18,877 

New Brighton. . . . 8,329 

New Castle 36,280 

N. Kensington. . . 7,707 

Norristown 27,875 

N. Braddock 11,824 

Northampton 8,729 

Oil City 16,657 

Old Forge 11,324 

Olyphant 8,605 

Philadelphia 1,549,008 

Phoenixville 10,743 

Pittsburgh 533,906 

Pittston 16,267 

Plymouth 16,996 

Pottstown 15,699 

Pottsville 20,236 

Rankin 6,042 

Reading 96,071 

Ridgway 5,408 

Rochester 6,903 

St. Clair 6,455 

St. Mary's 6,346 

Sayre 6,426 

Scottdale 5,466 

Scranton 129,867 

Shamokin 19,588 

Sharon 15,270 

Sharpsburg 8,153 

Shenandoah 25,774 

S. Bethlehem 19,973 

South Sharon 10,190 

Steelton 14,246 

Sunbury 13,770 

Swissvale 7,381 

Swoyersville 5,396 

Tamaqua 9,462 

Tarentum 7,414 

Taylor 9,060 

Throop 5,133 

Titusville 8,533 

Tyrone 7,176 

230 



PENNA. — Continued. 

Uniontown 13,344 

Warren 11,080 

Washington 18,778 

Waynesboro 7,199 

West Berwick 5,512 

Westchester 11,767 

West Pittston 6,848 

Wilkes-Barre 67,106 

Wilkinsburg 18,924 

Williamsport 31,860 

Wilmerding 6,133 

Windber 8,013 

Wintou 5,280 

York 44,750 

RHODE ISLAND. 

Bristol 8,565 

Burrillville 7,878 

Central Falls 22,754 

Coventry 5,848 

Cranston 21,107 

Cumberland 10,107 

E. Providence 15,808 

Johnson 6,935 

Lincoln 9,825 

Newport 27,149 

N. Providence. . . 5,407 

Pawtuoket 51,622 

Providence 224,326 

S.Kingstown 5,176 

Warren 6,585 

Warwick 26,629 

Westerly 8,696 

Woonsocket 38,125 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 

Anderson 9,654 

Charleston 58,833 

Columbia 26,319 

Florence 7,057 

Georgetown 5,530 

Greenville 15,741 

Greenwood 6,614 

Newberry 5,028 

Orangeburg 6.906 

Rock Hill 7,216 

Spartanburg 17,517 

Sumter 8,109 

Union 5,623 

SOUTH DAKOTA. 

Aberdeen 10,763 

Huron 5,791 

Lead 8,392 

Mitchell 6,515 

Sioux Palls 14,094 

Watertown 7,010 

TENNESSEE. 

Bristol 7,148 

Chattanooga 44.604 

Clarksville 8.548 

Cleveland 5.549 

Columbia 6.754 

Jackson 16,779 

Johnson City ... . 8,502 

Knoxville 36,346 



PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES— ConUnued. 



TENNESSEE— Con. 

Memphis 131,105 

Nashville 110,364 

Park City 5,126 

TEXAS. 

Abilene 9,204 

Amarillo 9,957 

Austin 29,860 

Beaumont 20,640 

Brownsville 10,517 

Brownwood 6,967 

Cleburne 10,364 

Corpus Christi . . . 8,222 

Corsicana 9,749 

DaUas 92,104 

Denlson 13,632 

El Paso 39,279 

Ennis 5,669 

Port Worth 73,312 

Gainesville 7,624 

Galveston 36,981 

Greenville 8,850 

Hillsboro 6,115 

Houston 78,800 

Houston H'gh's.. 6,984 

Laredo 14,855 

Lonffview 5,155 

MarshaU 11,452 

Orange 5,527 

Palestine 10,482 

Paris 11,269 

Port Arthur 7,663 

San Angelo 10,321 

San Antonio 96,614 

Shennan 12,412 

Sulphur Sp'ngs. . . 5,151 

Taylor 5,314 

Temple 10,993 

Terrell 7,050 

Texarkana 9,790 

Tyler 10,400 

Waco 26,425 

Wazahachie 6,205 

Weatherford 5,074 

Wichita Falls 8,200 

UTAH. 

Logan 7,522 

Ogden 25,580 

Provo , 8,925 

Salt Lake City. . . 92,777 
VERMONT. 

Barre 10,734 

Bennington 8,698 

Brattleboro 7,541 

Burlington 20,468 

Colchester 6,450 

Montpelier 7,856 

Rockingham 6,207 



VERMONT— CoMftnuei. 

Rutland 13,546 

St. Albans 6,381 

St. Johnsbury 8,098 

VIRGINIA. 

Alexandria 15,329 

Bristol 6,247 

Charlottesville... 6,765 

Clifton Forge 5,748 

Danville 19,020 

Fredericksburg... 5,874 

Hampton 5,505 

Lynchburg 29,494 

Newport News. . . 20,205 

Norfolk 67,452 

Petersburg 24,127 

Portsmouth 33, 130 

Richmond 127,628 

Roanoke 34,874 

Staunton 10,604 

Suffolk 7,008 

Winchester 5,864 

WASHINGTON. 

Aberdeen 13,660 

Bellingham 24,298 

Centralia 7,311 

Everett 24,814 

Hoquiam S,171 

North Yakima... 14,082 

Olympia 6,996 

Seattle 237,194 

Spokane 104,402 

Tacoma 83,743 

Vancouver 9,300 

Walla Walla 19,364 

,WEST VIRGINIA. 

Bluefield 11,188 

Charleston 22,996 

Clarksburg 9,201 

Elkins 5,260 

Fairmount 9,711 

Grafton 7,563 

Huntington 31,161 

Martinsburg 10,698 

Morgantown 9,150 

Moundsville 8,918 

Parkersburg 17,842 

Wheeling 41,641 

WISCONSIN. 

Antigo., 7,196 

Appleton 16,773 

Ashland 11,594 

Baraboo 6.324 

Beaver Dam 6,758 

Beloit 15,125 

Chippewa Falls. . . 8,893 

Eau Claire 18,310 

Fond du Lac 18,797 

Grand Rapids 6,521 



WISCONSIN— Cob. 

Green Bay 25,236 

Janesville 13,894 

Kenosha 21,371 

La Crosse 30,417 

Madison 25,531 

Manitowoc 13,027 

Marinette 14,610 

Marshfield 5,783 

Menasha 6,081 

Menominee 5,036 

Merrill 8,689 

Milwaukee 373,857 

Neenah 5,734 

Oconto 5,629 

Oshkosh 33,062 

Portage 5,440 

Racine 38,002 

Rhinelander 5,637 

Sheboygan 26,398 

S. Milwaukee 6,092 

Stevens Point 8,692 

Superior 40,384 

Watertown 8,829 

Waukesha 8,740 

Wausau 16,560 

West AUis 6,645 

WYOMING. 

Cheyenne 11,320 

Laramie 8,237 

Rock Springs .... 5,778 

Sheridan 8,408 

PORTO RICO. 

Aguadilla 6,135 

Arecibo 9,612 

Bayamon 5,272 

Caguas 10,354 

Pajardo 6,086 

Guayama 8,321 

Humacao 5,159 

Mayaguez 16,563 

Ponce 35,005 

San Juan 48,716 

Yauco 6,589 

HAWAII. 
(District means election 
district.) 

Ewa District 14,627 

Hamakua Dist. . . 9,037 

Honolulu City. . . 52,183 

Koloa District . . . 5.769 

Makawao Dist. . . 8,855 

N. HilloDist 12,941 

N. Kohala Dist . . 5.398 

Puna District 6,834 

S. Gilo District.. . 9,604 

Walalua Dist 6,770 

Waliuku Dist 11,742 

Waimea Dist 8,195 



231 



ONE HUNDRED LARGEST CITIES 



CITIES 



NewYork, N. y 

Chicago, 111 

Philadelphia, Pa 

St. Louis, Mo 

Boston, Mass 

Cleveland, Ohio 

Baltimore, Md 

Pittsburgh, Pa 

Detroit, Mich 

Buffalo, N. Y 

San Francisco, Cal 

Milwaukee, Wis 

Cincinnati, Ohio 

Newark, N. J 

New Orleans, La 

Washington, D. C. 

Los Angeles, Cal 

Minneapolis, Minn' 

Jersey City, N. J 

Kansas City, Mo 

Seattle, Wash 

Indianapolis, Ind 

Providence, R. I 

Louisville, Ky 

Rochester, N. Y 

St. Paul, Minn 

Denver, Col 

Portland, Ore 

Columbus, Ohio 

Toledo, Ohio 

Atlanta, Ga ' 

Oakland, Cal 

Worcester, Mass 

Syracuse, N. Y 

New Haven, Ct 

Birmingham, Ala' 

Memphis, Tenn. 

Scranton, Pa.' 

Richmond, Va 

Paterson, N. J, 

Omaha, Neb 

Fall River, Mass 

Dayton, Ohio 

Grand Rapids, Mich . . 

Nashville, Tenn. 

Lowell, Mass 

Cambridge, Mass 

Spokane, Wash 

Bridgeport, Ct 

Albany, N.Y 



Popul'tn. 



L,766,S83 
!,1S5,283 
1,549,008 
687,029 
670,585 
560,663 
558,485 
533,905 
465,766 
423,715 
416,912 
373,857 
364,463 
347,469 
339,075 
331,069 
319,198 
301,408 
267,779 
248,381 
237,194 
233,650 
224,326 
223,928 
218,149 
214,744 
213,381 
207,214 
181,548 
168,497 
154,839 
150,174 
145,986 
137,249 
133,605 
132,685 
131,105 
129,867 
127,268 
125,600 
124,096 
119,295 
116,577 
112,571 
110,364 
106,294 
104,839 
104,402 
102,054 
100,253 



-CITIES 



Hartford, Ct 

Trenton, N. J 

New Bedford, Mass 

San Antonio, Tex 

Reading, Pa 

Camden, N. J 

Salt Lake, Utah 

Dallas, Tex 

Lynn, Mass 

Sprin^eld, Mass 

Wilmington, Del 

Des Moines, la 

Lawrence, Mass 

Tacoma, Wash 

Kansas City, Kan 

Yonkers, N.Y 

YbUngstown, Ohio 

Houston, Tex 

Diiluth, Minn 

St. Joseph, Mo 

Somerville, Mass 

Troy, N.Y 

Utica. N. Y 

Elizabeth, N. J 

Fort Worth, Tex 

Waterbury, Ct 

Schenectady, N. Y 

Hobbken, N.J 

Manchester, N. H 

Bvansville, Ind 

Akron, Ohio 

Norfolk. Va 

Wilkes-Barre, Pa 

Peoria, 111 

Erie, Pa 

Savannah, Ga 

Oklahoma City, Okla 

Harrisburg, Pa 

Fort Wayne, Ind 

Charleston, S. C 

Portland, Me 

East St. Louis, 111 

Terre Haute, Ind 

Holyoke, Mass 

Jacksonville, Fla 

Brockton, Mass 

Bayonne, N. J 

Johnstown, Pa 

Passaic, N. J 

South Bend, Ind 



Popul'tn. 



98,915 
96,815 
96,652 
96,614 
96,071 
94,538 
92,777 
92,104 
89,336 
88,926 
87,411 
86,368 
85,892 
82,972 
82,331 
79,803 
79,066 
78,800 
78,466 
77,403 
77,236 
76,813 
74,419 
73,409 
73,312 
73,141 
72,826 
70,324 
70,063 
69,647 
69,067 
67,452 
67,105 
66,950 
66,525 
65,064 
64,205 
64,186 
63,933 
58,883 
58,671 
68,547 
58,157 
57,730 
57,699 
66,878 
55,545 
55,482 
54,773 
53,684 



POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES ACCORDING TO RACE, 
NATIVITY AND PERCENTAGE 



General Nativity and Color. 



Total 

Native white 

Native parents 

Foreign-born i>arents 

Foreign-born white 

Negro : 

Another. 

232 



Number 



1910 



91,972,266 



68,389,104 



49,488,441 

18,900,663 

13,343,583 

9,828,294 

411.285 



Per Cent 

of Total. 

1910 



100.0 



74 .,4 



53.8 
20.6 
14.5 
10.7 
0.4 



POPULATION AND AREA OF THE WORLD 



COUNTRIES 



Population 



Sq. Miles 



Capitals 



China 

British Empire 

Russian Empire 

United States 

United States and Islands . 

Philippines .' 

Porto Rico 

- Hawaii 

Tutuila, Samoa 

Guam.- 

France and Colonies 

France 

Colonies 

Algeria 

Senegal, etc 

Tunis 

Cayenne 

Cambodia 

Cochin-China 

Tonquin 

New Caledonia 

Tahiti, etc 

Sahara 

Madagascar 

German Empire, in Europe . , 

Prussia 

Bavaria 

Saxony 

Wurttembujg 

Baden 

Alsacer Lorraine 

Hesse 

Mecklenburg-Schwerin . . . . 

Hamburg 

Brunswick 

Oldenburg ^ . . . . 

Saxe-Weimar , . . 

Anhalt ; . . . 

Saxe-Meiningen : . 

Saxe-Coburg-Gotha 

Bremen. . . . .- 

Saxe-Altenburg 

Lippe 

Reuss (younger line) 

Mecklenburg-Strelitz 

SchwarzburgrRudolstad . . . 

Schwarzburg-Sonderhausen 

Lubeck 

Waldeck 

Reuss (elder line) 

German Africa 

Austro-Hungarian Empire . . . 

Japan, (with Formosa) 

Netherlands , . . . 

Netherlands and Colonies. . 

Amboyna 

Borneo 

Celebes 

Java and Madura 

Sumatra 

Surinam 

Ternate 



400,000,000 

435,000,000 

166,250,000 

97,337,000 

109,357,490 

8,460,052 

1.151,579 

200,065 

7,251 

12,517 

93,850,000 

39,601,509 

54,240,700 

5,600,000 

8,850,000 

1,900,000 

32,908 

1,500,000 

3,000,000 

6,000,000 

56,000 

31,000 

500,000 

2,505,000 

64,925,993 

40,165,219 

6,887,291 

4,806,661 

2,437,574 

2,148,833 

1,874,014 

1,282,051 

639,958 

1,014,664 

694,339 

483,042 

417,149 

331,128 

278,762 

257,177 

299,526 

216,128 

150,937 

. 152,752 

106,442 

100,702 

. 89,917 

116,599 

61,707 

72,769 

14,120,086 

51,340,378 

67,142,798 

5,898,175 

43,769,688 

299,491 

1,250,000 

2,000,000 

30,098,008 

4,029,505 

92,736 

108,415 



4,277,170 

13,123,712 

8,647,657 

3,616,484 

3,743,344 

116,026 

3,606 

6,449 

55 

210 

4,372,000 

207,054 

4,165,815 

194,950 

1,600,000 

51,000 

30,500 

67,723 

22,000 

46,224 

7,200 

1,173 

925,000 

227,000 

208,780 

134,616 

29,292 

5,789 

7,534 

5,^23 

5,604 

2,996 

5,068 

160 

1,418 

2,482 

1,397 

888 

963 

764 

99 

511 

469 

319 

1,131 

363 

333 

115 

433 

122 

1.035,086 

261,029 

2^5,886 

12.648 

845,121 

19.861 

213.000 

77,855 

50,970 

178,338 

49,845 

202,040 



Peking. 

London. 

Petrograd. 

Washington. 

Washington. 

Manila. 

San Juan. 

Honoluu. 

Agana. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Algiers. 
St. Louis. 
Tunis. 
Cayenne. 
Saigon. 

Hanoi. 
Noumea. 



Antananarivo 

Berlin. - 

Berlin. 

Miinich. 

Dresden. 

Stuttgart. 

Karlsruhe. 

Strassburg. 

Darmstadt. 

Schwerin. 

Brunswick. 

Oldenburg. 

Weimar^ 

Dessau. 

Meiningen. 

Gotha. 

Altenburg. 

Detmold. 

Gera. 

Neu Strelitz. 

Rudolstad. 

Sondershausen. 

Arolsen. 
Greiz. 

Vienna. 
Tokio. 
Amsterdam. 
Amsterdam. . 
Amboyna. 

Menado. 



Pada,ng; 

Pararoairitjo. 

Ternate, 



233 



POPULATION AND AREA OF THE WORLD— Continued. 



COUNTRIES 



Population 



Sq. Miles 



Capitals. 



Ttirkish Empire 

European Turkey. . 

Asiatic Ttirkey .... 

Egypt 

Italy 

Italy and Colonies . 

Eritrea 

Somali Coast 

Tripoli 

Spain 

Spanish Africa 

Brazil 

Mexico 

Con^o State 



Portugal 

Portugal and Colonies. . 

Portuguese Africa 

Portuguese Asia 

Sweden 

Norway 

Morocco 

Belgium 

Abyssinia 

Albania 

Siam 

Argentina 

Rumania 

Colombia 

Bulgaria 

Afghanistan 

Chile 

Peru 

Switzerland 

Bolivia 

Greece 

Denmark 

Denmark and Colonies . 

Iceland 

Greenland 

West Indies 

Venezuela 

Servia 

Liberia 

Nepaul 

Cuba 

Oman 

Guatemala -. 

Ecuador 

Hayti 

Salvador 

Uruguay 

Khiva 

Paraguay 

Honduras 

Nicara^nia 

Domimcan Republic 

Costa Rica 

Panama 

Montenegro 



31,000,000 

2,000,000 

17,683,500 

9,321,100 

34,700,000 

36,467,000 

450,000 

130,000 

1,000,000 

19,588,688 

276,000 

21,600,000 

15,000,000 

20,000,000 

10,000,000 

5,423,132 

16,000,000 

8,248,527 

910,425 

5,476,441 

2,302,698 

6,500,000 

7,432,784 

7,500,000 

2,000,000 

6,000,000 

7,500,000 

7,600,000 

4,500,000 

5,000,000 

5,000,000 

4,249,279 

4,500,000 

3,741,971 

2,267,935 

4,500,000 

2,585,660 

3,000,000 

78,470 

11,893 

30,527 

2,591,000 

4,000,000 

2,060,000 

4,000,000 

2,048,980 

1,500,000 

1,804,000 

1,500,000 

1.400,000 

1,707,000 

1,111,758 

800,000 

800,000 

553,446 

600,000 

610,000 

399,400 

360,542 

500,000 



11,100 
682,960 
400,000 
110,623 
711,643 

60,000 
300,000 
410,000 
194,700 

82,400 

3,298,870 

768,886 

900,000 

628,000 

35,490 
871,854 
830,000 
7,600 
172,876 
124,129 
314,000 

11,373 
400,000 

21,870 

■1,135,846 
62,760 

438,436 
42,602 

215,400 

291,544 

697,640 
15,976 

709,000 
46,522 
15,388 

106,170 

39,756 

46,740 

138 

363,730 
23,661 
41,000 
54,000 
44,164 
82,000 
48,290 

120,000 
10,204 
7,225 
72,210 
22,320 
97,700 
46,250 
49,200 
18,045 
18,400 
32,380 
4^00 



Constantinople. 



Cairo. 
Rome. 
Rome. 



Tripoli. • 
Madrid. 



Rio de Janeiro 

City of Mexico. 

Boma. 

Teheran. 

Lisbon. 

Lisbon. 



Stockholm. 
Christiania. 
Fez. 

Brussels. 
Adis Ababa. 

Bangkok. 

Buenos Ayres. 

Bucharest. 

Bogota. 

Sofia. 

Cabul. 

Santiago. 

Lima. 

Berne. 

La Paz. 

Athens. 

Copenhagen. 

Copenhagen. 

Reykjavik. 

Godthaab. 

Caracas. 

Belgrade. 

Monrovia. 

Khatmandu. 

Havana. 

Muscat. 

N. Guatemala. 

Quito. 

Portau Prince. 

San Salvador. 

Montevideo. 

Khiva. 

Asuncion. 

Tegucigalpa. 

Managua. 

San Domingo. 

San Jose. 

Panama. 

Cettinje. 



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