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1215354

GENEALOGY COLLECTION

i'i!iiiiJli1iii!iFli''li'li^Pi

3 1833 02250 7377

J 7^ui€^

The Daily Union
history of

Atlantic City and County,

NEW JERSEY.

CONTAINING SKETCHES OF THE PAST AND PRESENT OF ATLANTIC CITY

AND COUNTY. WITH MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS

SPECIALLY PREPARED.

JOHN F. HALL.

COPYRIGHTED JUNE, 1899

ISSUED FROM THE OFFICE OF

A-

THE DAILY UNION PRINTING COMPANY

(jU.^oi

ATLANTIC CITY, N, J

f^Lho.

igcx)

CONTENTS.

rodii

Ackuowlf dgment 7

Atlantic County 11

Atlantic City Before Railroads 169

Advance in Real Estate 310

Atlantic City H(.tel.s 233

Allen Block 321

Atlantic City l'.:\v 55

Assemblynun 63

Atlantic County I'.ar 39

Batsto 81

Bacharacli & Kuns 322

Bakersville 110

Brigantine 351

Board of Healtli 330

Boardwalk and Tiers 253

Building the Narrow Gauge 193

Bounds of Old Galloway.... 101

Beautiful Longport 347

Census 136

I'cntral M. E. CLurcll 301

City ntticials from lK."i4 157

j( Ar

\Vi

Supply 213

City Hospital 327

City Appropriations for 1900 343

I ity i:i's..urccs for 1900 343

Chief Calorie's Address 10

Cottage Homes 227

Climate at the Shore 201

County Medical Society 330

Cost of City Governmeut 342

County Bar Association 53

County Clerks 59

Dolf Parker's Adventure 145

Drives and Good Roads 339

Easter at the Shore 245

Earliest Settlers 137

Egg Harbor City Ill

Early Church History 287

Episcopal Church of Ascension 281

Election Returns 135

Easter Iliiilroml !:.■ -ils 251

First l;:ipii-i ci,,,,, i, 277

First ciiMi-h .11 \l:i> s Landing 309

First CMlni-,.,1 M.Mi

First Iron I'ier

First M. E. Church

First Presbyterian Church.

First Public Building

First Quail and Rabbit....

First Visit and FIr.st Train

First Railroad

i.ravity system sewerage 22.j

Golf at the Country Club 338

Hammonton 69

Horse Show 243

Hotel Luray 241

Hotel Rates and Capacity 237

Hotel Rudolph 230

Hotel Windsor 239

Homoeopathic Club 331

Hotels on Easter Sunday 2,51

Important Trials 47

Indians 9

Invalids 203

Lay Judges 65

Land Company and Surf Hotel 187

Leading Churches 273

Life in the Sands, by Dr. Baily 363

Map of the County 8

Marine Algae 357

Members of Council 344

Morris Guards 333

New Steel Pier 261

Newspapers 323

Ocean Piers 257

Old Gloucester County 17

Old Church at Weymouth 303

Old Fort and Its Defenders 97

Old Church at Tuckahoe 309

Old Salt Works 155

Olivet Presbyterian Church 285

Our Lady, Star of the Sea 299

Persistent Publicity 325

Port Republic 89

Pleasant Mills 103

Plenty of Wild Game 139

Plenty of Black Snakes 341

Prosecutors of the Pleas 57

Public Schools 263

Ryon Adams Moves Up 167

Real Estate Investment Co 313

School Superintendents 63

Sea Air 353

Sheriffs 61

Six Tb..usMn.l I'.uil.liiiys 319

Sketch of I II. 1 Weymouth 23

South .lers.-y in Congress 345

St. Andrews Lutheran Church 305

St. Nicholas' R. C. Church 295

St. I'aul M. E. Church 281

State Senators 63

Storms and Wrecks 141

Supreme Court Judges 59

Surrogates 61

Walker's Forge 109

West Family 35

West Jersey Railroad 199

BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX.

1215354

lutroduetiou H'^

Adams. Israel Seiill.
Adams, Harrold F. .
Adams, James B...

Adams, John B

Adams, Lewis R

Aikman, James M...
Albertson, Levi C. .

Aiien, George

Baake, Charles A. ..
Babcock, Charles (J
Bacharaoh, Harry .

Baily, Alfred W

Ball, Joseph

Barstow, Joseph A.

Balliet, L. Dow

Bartlett, William (J
Bell. William A....

Boysen, Theo. H

Brown, Benj. H

Bryant, John L. . . .
Bryant, Lewis T...
Breder, George F...
Boyer, Charles B...
Berchtuldt. F

Champi..!). Jcs.-pli S ITii

Collins, Isaac -<«'•

Collins, John i;ii

Cook, Franklin P isi;

Colwell, Stephen

Conorer, Smith 174

Cordery, Enoch 42

Corson, Rodman 96

Corson, Walter A 290

Cordery, Mary Clark 459

Crosby, George W 302

Crosby, O. H .306

Cresse, Lewis M 324

Cromwell. Lrrtin H 224

Curri.v (JonrL'M V 12

366

485

■pi. E....

486

■m. K....
■lay

487
487

48T
48S

488

334

48S

206

48!>

2S0

490

491

-.1 i:

178

492-

190

494-

416

417
492

.314

493:

124

493:

494

423.

188

423.

422

421

494!

425.
495

.•1 i:

426

495

424

142

497

216

498

288

498

272

498

499

51»

501

418

499'
500.

4.32

431

430

500.

506

Disstoii. Hcurv yo -li;7 - . i . i P.

Down, L. A 4i;s - .lames D

Endicott, Allen I! H'.iC 4i;s ~ I w. E..

Enai.-..tr. Chai-lrs (J ::'.i4 -ir,s > .,,. n. j

Heckler, Henry . . . .
Hoopcs, Martha E. .

Hoopes. Wm. G

Hoffman. V. P

Hoffman, Samuel D.

GENEALOGICAL INDEX.

Clark I\
Collins I
Doughty
Endieott

jwnsend Family.

INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS.

Bank Buildings

Bargaintown Mill..
Batsto Lake

Batsto Stni-p .niul Lr

Galun

Griini

Gnnii

..( S.-li

...1 II. '11

Grist'

Hanu]

Horn..

I'W 1,1'C

Home

ol Jam,

Home

ot Jolil

Leeds.

Horse

Show.

Hotel

Shellrame

Citv

Will- Money

Iszard Iron Foundry

r,.\\^

■II Mansion

Lighthouse

C<itU

ac llinnes of

Lougport Breakers

Allen, George

•20-,

Mansion H(ju.se in 1876

Adams, C. J

-'18

Morris (Jininls

Champion, John B

JSO

Mos.iiiil.i n...-il

Crosby, George W

2i2

New St,., -1 lM,.r

Champion, Jos. S

212

Net Hiiiil ,.11 '|-..iin--s l'i,.r

Currie, George F

22^

Old Clmivli 111 Tu.kiil,,,,.

Down, L. A

Olil Chill, h, .i. w . > ii,..,itli

Evans, Charles

2i2

01,1 i:ii 1

Evans, Lewis

22H

Old r.iii' 1

Fleming, J. R

22R

01,1 I'. .11 • . : 11

First Mayor

231

Old.., -..,11 II..I1,,,.

Godfrey. li. r

Old Stilt II. .ns.

Godfrey. C.nlton

22S

Oid-tiiii,. ItatlHis

Hemsli'y. Fred

22<)

Old S,Ii,>,,l 11, .Its,-

Jae<ibs. Jlrs. .T. c

21S

Old S IS M;Lllsi,.ll

Jordan. A. M

2V)

Paper Mill 111 IM.-a^.iiit Mills..

Kellev. S. H

221

Paper Mill ,11 \\-..> i,i,.iitli

Mun.son. L. M

22H

Pon.I .11 W.ilk.i .. l-..i--e

North. .I.iiiH's

211

Pumi.iliL; ,siali..ii

Parsons. H. (i

207

Penililii;l l..ni.-M..a,l

Parsons, John W

204

Resi,I,-ii. .- ..1 .1.1.1^. I'.vrnes....

Petrofl, E. J

2(r>

Resl,l,.ii.-.- ..f William J. Smith

^^kl.'-:::: ■:■■■.

Riehar.K- M,iiiM..i,

2il

Riehar.l-- \,ii.K iin.l Ilarns....

Somers, Samnel

222

Sweigard, A. L

228

Saahtiaii ''\"in,.vai-','l'."'. ..'.■.■.'.■.■.■.■.'

Thompson. Joseph

2S0

Sailboat ill c-l,,u,is

Young, JohnL

2S0

Salem Cliitt-.-It

Upham Cottage

215

Schantl,-rs H,.t<l

AValil. Wni. F

2i2

Sea Alga,-

Cot 1 ;

i-)2

Sea ami Skv

Conn

" ' ■ III.::;-., xorthtiei.i;:;

2 58

Seaside Hens,-

Conn

i: l^u Ilarlx.r City

117

State SiMiator's II, one

Com

|.. - i.iil

St. Ni,-li,.las' Chiii-i-li

Dem

622

Sea Shells

Dow

> W ill.' '\, mil ^,V.V.'. '.'.'. V.V.'.'.

HI m

The Roller Cliair

Don^

Tomb ot Jesse Riehai-ils

Easi

r '..11 i'li..V."'iir.r\\Mlk.' .'.'.■ .'.'.'.'

247

The Citv from tli,. Oee.-ui

Egfi

Iinli... S,li.,..l II..nse

121

Under Full Sail

Bndi

,,11 II. .1,1,-1, .11.1

V)7

United States Hotel

First

Boardwalk

IMS

Views of Long Ago

First

City Hall

Yaidit Rare..:....

First

City Depot

17 1

7-ioii Chnreh

Introduction.

^ L'XDREDS of bright writers have found pleasure and profit in
picturing x\tlantic City, these many years, and it is more of a
pastime than a task for one who, during tlie last twcnt)- years
has been writing of and for the city, to tell the stury ot its
phenomenal growth and gratifying prosperity. I'runi the
''^ most inaccessible and least Iia1)ita1)lc corner, this inland has

become the most populous and attractive business centre of
Atlantic County. From a briar-covered area of duck ponds
and sand hills, these acres have become a modern city of fine hotels and handsome
cotta,i;es. and attractive stores and business blocks: a summer health resort, and
winter sanitarium, with regidarly laid out and paved streets: ample water supply;
complete sewerage; electric lights: first-class fire protection, and all the appoint-
ments of a modern citv.

I'rom being the home and i)lantation of a stalwart soldier of the Revolution,
the scene of shipwrecks, and a resort for an occasional s]3ortsman, and sunnner
"beach parties," this strip of sand on the edge of the Continent has l)cc<>nie famed
throughout the world as the most popular bathing resort in ^unnner and the
most comfortable and satisfactory health resort in winter, ior pcrsuns wlm wnuld
escape the vigorous climate of Northern cities, and find rest and mildei^ tempera-
ture not too far from great business centres.

Natural causes and well warranted enterprises have operated to effect the
remarkable changes of forty-five years. The decline of Atlantic County in thrift,
and manufacturing enterprises, is not less striking than the rise of .\tlantic City
like a Phoenix from forbidding sand dunes to be what it is to-day.

English Quakers and their associates, two hundred years ago. took jjcisscs-
sion of West Jersey in search of religious liberty, and laid the foundation for the
thrift and progress which has followed through their descendants. They dealt
justly with the Indians and lived peaceably with each other, and made it possible
for an educated, religious, and prosperous people to subdue the wilderness, erect
glass and iron works, build ships out of the cedar swamps, and enjoy the great
natural privileges of the bays and rivers oi the coast.

In spite of the devastation of the War for Independence the progress of
^^'est Jerse\- continued. Roads were opened, churches built, and goixl old-fash-
(5)

6 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

ioned families raised. The sailors and whalers from Long Island and New Eng-
land moved down the coast, till the territory now included in Atlantic County,
at the beginning of the century, had a population of four thousand, which fifty
years later, when the first railroad was built, had increased to ten thousand people.
To sketch clearly and concisely the honorable record of Atlantic County,
since it was created, and forge accurately the strong links in the interesting chain
of events that have made Atlantic City as the stranger finds it to-day, its favored
location, out in the sea, its sanitary conditions and surroundings, its commendable
enterprises, its leading citizens, its popular features, up-to-date hotels, and unsur-
passes railroad facilities will be the scope and purpose of this book.

BEACH SCENE, ATLANTIC CITY.

J|CKN0WLEDGMENT.

"^ 'HE writer would make due acknowledgment to all whose assistance and
rS) encouragement has made it possible at so much labor and expense to com-
^r pile this book. An earnest endeavor has been made not to disappoint our
friends and to produce a volume that will be accepted as authentic history,
giving proper credit to the good men and to the enterprises that have contributed
so much to the early development of Atlantic County, and to the more recent up-
building of Atlantic City.

To Rear- .Admiral ^lordecai T. Endicott. Chief of the Bureau of Yards and
Docks. Department of the Xavy, \\'ashington. D. C. are we indebted for the
sketches of the Pennington and Endicott families.

-\liss Gertrude Albertson, especially, are we mdebtcd for compiling thee ^^ ^Jl^'^^ /*

of the Leeds, Scull, Lake and Collins families and otherwise assisting. \ Ly/^^^ , k*"** ^ <*'

.\rthur \\ . Kelley, Esq.. for articles du the county bar. important trials, \ * ^^jK*^ "

the courts, lay judges, etc.

To Mr. Hubert Somers are we indebted for researches in the line of the
Somers and Frambes genealogy.

To ;\Ir. A'alentine P. Hofifman, for his authentic sketch of Egg Harbor City;
to Dr. James North, for original designs and the story of Hammonton; to Dr.
W. Blair Stewart, for his article on Sea Air: to Mrs. Vl. S. .McCullough, for her
chapter on Sea Algae: to Dr. A. W. Baily, for his story of .Shell Fish.

To Edward S. Reed and to S. R. Morse, for views of Atlantic City, and to
others who have taken a kindly interest in and generously co-operated in the
production of this volume do we extend our thanks and acknowledge our lasting
obligations.

The Autlwi:

(7)

Q- lD^2

Ill

Ailaniic County a ic

irtheii

pots and ston

Ite

•d this

resjioii for ee

11.

A i(
here tl

L-w (.f the sliel
lieir cani])tires

K-

ts nl t'

he l)a} s. Ther

Zbc Xast of the lltiMans.

THERE are still to he seen in Atlantic Countv a lew m" the skull
bones, tlint arrowheads,
the red men who popul
the da\s of William I'ei
still left along the coast wh
they feasted on the

shell mounds on this island when the white man first came
here not far from the present site of the Islaml llnuse at
Baltic and Georgia avenues.
In the sand hills nearby Indian bones were unearthed by .\ndrew Eeeds
about 1850, and were carefully preserved till qtiite recently.

The Delaware Indian occupied all of Xew Jersey south of the Raritan river,
and were a branch of the large and powerful Leni Lenappi tribe of Xew \ ork
State. By an act of the Colonial legislature of August, 1758, on record in the
State Library, it is recited that the legislature to satisfy the just demands and
wants of the Indians, appointed live commissioners to pay them from any money
■"which may be current for the present war." for any and all just rights and claims
that may be due the Indian nations of the Colony. Such sum shall not e.\ce-d
1600 pounds, and that for the Delawares MUith of the Raritan the sum so ex-
pended shall not exceed 800 pounds.

The Delawares wanted part of the money expended for laml on which they
could settle, and the legislature wanted the Indians to have in their view "a last-
ing monument" to the justice of the Colony toward them. Careful provision was
made for the protection of the Indians on such reservation. On August 29, 1758,
Benjamin Springer and Hannah, his wife, sold to this commission in the name
of Governor Francis Bernard, for 74 pounds. 3044 acres of land at Edge Pillock,
near Atsion. in Burlington County. It is now known as Indian .Mills. Here
for years John Brainard. the famous missionary, labored among them before the
Revolution when the settlement was called Brotherton.

The legislature provided for raising money by lotter\- to pay for these lands.
From 1758 to about 1800 this remnant of the Delaware tribe, about sixty persons,
were in possession of these lands and enjoyed hunting and fishing privileges
elsewhere.

On Alarch 17, 1796, the legislature ap])c)inted another conmii?sion to lease
these lands and apply the proceeds to the needs of the Indians, which was done.
Another act passed December 3, i8ot. provided for the sale of the Brotherton
tract, the proceeds to be applied to the removal of the survivors to Stockbridge,
near Oneida lake, in Columbia County, Xew York. The two tribes had agreed
to unite. After several years at Stockbridge, in conjunction with several other
tribes, they purchased of the Menomonie Indians a tract of land near Green Bay.
in Michigan, on the Eox river, and formed a settlement there called Statesburg.
(9)

10 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

They subsisted almost entirely from agricultural pursuits. In 1832, when only
about forty of the Delawares were left, cherishing a tradition of their hunting and
fishing rights in Xew Jersey, which they had abandoned, they delegated B. S.
Calvin, one of the tribe, to obtain from the Xew Jersey legislature compensation
for their relinquishment. Bartholomew S. Calvin, among his own people, was
known as Shawuskukung or Wilted Grass. He was educated at Princeton Col-
lege at the expense of the Scotch :\Iissionary Society, and taught school for years
both for whites and Indians at Brotherton. He was a soldier in the Revolution
and was highly respected. He was 76 years of age when he presented to the
legislature his numerously signed petition, written in his own hand. The petition
was referred to a special committee, which recommended the payment of $2,000.
which was promptly done and was all that was asked.

CALVIN'S ADDRESS.

Mv Brethren: — I am old and weak and poor, and therefore a fit representa-
tive of my people. You are young and strong and rich, and therefore fit repre-
sentatives of your people. But let me beg you for a moment to lay aside the
recollection of your strength and our weakness that your minds may be pre-
pared to examine with candor the subject of our claims.

Our tradition informs us, and I believe it corresponds with your records, that
the right of fishing in all the rivers and bays south of the Raritan, and of hunting
in all uninclosed lands, was never relinquished, but on the contrary was expressly
reserved in our last treaty held at Crosswicks, in 1758. Having myself been one
of the parties to the sale, I believe in 1801, I know that these rights were not sold
■or parted with.

We now offer to sell these privileges to the State of Xew Jersey. They were
once of great value to us and we apprehend that neither time nor distance nor
the non-use of our rights has at all afifected them, but that the courts here would
consider our claims valid were we to exercise them ourselves or delegate them
to others.

It is not, however, our wish to thus excite litigation. We consider the State
legislature the proper purchaser and throw ourselves upon its benevolence and
magnanimity, trusting that feelings of justice and liberality will induce you to
give what you deem a compensation.

And as we have ever looked up to the leading characters of the United States,
and to the leading characters of this State in particular, as our fathers, protectors
and friends, we now look up to you as such and humbly beg that you will look
upon us with that eye of pity, as we have reason to think our poor untutored
forefathers looked upon yours, when they first arrived upon our then extensive
but uncultivated dominions and sold them their lands, in many instances, for
trifles in comparison as "light as air.'"

From Your Humble Petitioners,

B.VRTHOLOMEW S. C.VLVIX,

In Behalf of Himself and His Red Brethren.
Trenton, X. J., ^larch, 1832.

}:^:m*^

LOUCESTER COUNTY at oik- time extended from the Delaware to the
sea, including what is now Camden, Atlantic and Gloucester Counties.
Camden was made a county by an act of the legislature passed ^larch 13,
1844, seven vears after Atlantic L'mmty had been created.

COUNTY JAI

On Eebruary 7, 1837. an act was ])assed creating Atlantic County. There
were then only four large townships or voting places in this count}': Egg Harbor,
Weymouth, Hamilton and Gallowa\-. Mullica was created later out of Galloway,
and the town of Hammonton out of Mullica. lluena Msta, in 1867. was created
out of Hamilton and Atlantic Citv set otT from bigg Harbor township in 1854.
(11;

GEORGE F. CURRIE.

SKETCH OF OLD GLOUCESTER COUNTY. 13

Tlie first deed was reconlcd by J. II. Collins, tlio first cimnty clerk, on .Ma\
4. 1S37. ami was fur 40 acres of land in ly-- 1 larlu.r township, sold In 1). Kol.arl
and wife to Sanmel Saunders.

Samuel Richards and wile -ave the I'.oard of h'reeholders the lot at Mays

court house was soon after erected thereon.

.\t the annual nieetini^ of the Hoard of iMceholders of ( lloucester ( onnt\,
held in .May, 1836, 28 nienil)er> constituted the I'M.anl, while at the annual meet-
in,!; on the loth of May, 1837, JO meml.ers composed that hody, the townships
of Hamilton, Weymonlh, " K-- Ilaii.or
^^^^^ and dalloway having been set otif from

~ fl|, ' < doucester County, forming a new countv
w -fWi^^^^ -^^"^i^Sl called Atlantic, by an act of the legislature,
'"'''^'jII^^SIs.^^BB pa.-sed the 7th daV of February, A. D. 1837.
.\t this meeting commissioners were appoint-
ed to \alue the public buildings at Woodbury,
the almshouse property, and other assets of
the I'ountv of Gloucester, and to a.i^certain

OLD ISZARD FOUNDRY ' . r , , •

what proportion of such valuation would be
due to the count\ ot \tlaiitK according to the ratio of population determined by
the. 1 1st census

11k commissioners appointed for ( doucestcr County were: John Clements,
Lhjah Uowei and Saundeis, for Atlantic County, Daniel Caker, Joseph Endicott
and Enoch Doughtv. These gentlemen met at the court house in Woodbury
on the 9th day of May, 1837, at 10 o'clock, and were each sworn or affirmed
faithfully and impartially to valr^e the public properties of Gloucester County,
which appears as follows:

Two tracts of land in Deptford township, adjoining lands of John

Swope, containing 248 47-100 acres $ 850 00

Movable property at almshouse 3v-8 00

The entire almshouse lands, with the buildings and improvements. .. 16,150 00
The courthouse, jail, clerks and surrogates' of^ces. with their contents,
with all other property at Woodbury, "including the man
O'Hoy" II ,400 00

Total ^3,2. 1 28 00

l'"rom which deduct the debts of the county 7.93-2 5.=i

I'.alance to be divided between the two counties $24,195 45

\\\ the census taken in 1830, the county of Gloucester contained
28.431 inhabitants, of that number 8,164 were contained in the
townships of Galloway, Egg Harbor, Weymouth and Hamilton,
composing the new count}- of .\tlaiitic, its proportional share or

part was placed at 6,947 -^

Gloucester County's proportional share I7--47 ^9

Total 24,195 45

CHARLES EVANS.

SKETCH OF OLD GLOUCESTER COUNTY. 15

The above report was submitted to the resjicctive Boards of I'VeehoIdcrs of
the counties of Gloucester and Atlantic, with the sincere wish, now that their in-
terests are about to be separated, that in all the future transactions and intercourse
of the officers and inhabitants of the said district with each other, they may ever
be actuated by the same charity, forbearance and goodwill, that we trust and
believe, have governed us in our labors to arrive at the conclusion as above stated.

The above report was signed by all of the commissioners and approved by
the respective Boards of Freeholders.

COUNTY ASYLUM AT

Atlantic County has been still further divided up into cities and boroughs,
till now it has 28 voting precincts instead of the original four of 60 vears ago.
-Atlantic City was incorporated in 1854, Egg Harbor City in 1858, Hammonton
in 1865, Buena Msta in 1867, Absecon in 1872, and Somers Point, Pleasantville,
Linwood, Brigantine City, and South .\tlantic City more recently.

HON. JOHN J. GARDNER.

Sketch of ©lb (Gloucester ©ount^.

Ni^ Icntdii. (if Tivntnii. in iXj;4, cunlain- tl

i-il l>y Daniel
.llouiii}^- inter-
■li :it that time

Abse-
ntains
■ sand

Atlantic C'nnnty formed a part.

.■ihscciiDi. — A post town of (ialloway townsliii
cum creek, about two miles above .\bsecum ba
,1 tavern, a store and 8 or lo dwellini^s, surround
;.nd pine forests.

.-ibscciiiii Beach (Atlantic City), on the Atlantic Ocean,
extends eastwardly from Great Egg Harbor Inlet, about 9
miles to Absecuni Inlet; broken, however, by a narrow inlet
near niithvay between its extremities.

Bargaiiihn^'ii. in Egg Harbor township, 4 miles from
Egg Harbor bay, contains 2 taverns, i store, a grist mill,
Methodist Church and about 30 dwellings.

OLD BARGAIN-OWN GRIST

(17)

ION. LEWIS EVANS.

SKETCH OF OLD GLOUCKSTER COUXTY. i;i

Gnnrlly Laiuiing (Port Republic), of Galloway townshii). 40 miles southeast
of Woodbury, the county seat, and 79 miles from Trenton, on Xacote creek,
contains a tavern, a store and 10 or 12 dwellings.

Leeds Point, post town, in Galloway township, 83 miles from Trentim, con-
tains a store and tavern and 4 or 5 houses.

Martha Furnace, on the Oswego branch of Wading river, about 4 miles
above navigation, in Washington township, Burlington County, has a grist and
saw mill and iron furnace; makes about 750 tons of castings annually, employ-
ing 60 hands, making a population of nearly 400. requiring 30 or 40 dwellings.
There are about 30,000 acres in the estate.

Mays Landing, of Hamilton townshii), on the Great Egg Harbor river, at
the head of sloop navigation, 16 miles from the sea and 35 miles southeast from
Woodbury and y^ miles from Trenton, built on both sides of the river, contains
3 taverns, 4 stores, a Methodist Church and 25 or 30 dwellings. Considerable
trade in lumber, cordwood and shipbuilding is carried on at this place.

Pleasant Mills, of Galloway township, on the Atsion river, contains a tavern,

2 stores, a glass factory, belonging to Coffin & Co., a cotton factory with 3,000
spindles, and from 20 to 30 dwellings.

Soniers Point, port of entry for Great Egg Harbor district, on Great Egg
Harbor bay. Tavern and boarding houses and several farm houses here. Is
much resorted to for sea bathing in summer and gunning in the fall season.

Sniitlivillc. village in Galloway, 2 miles from Leeds Point, contains a tavern,
a store, Methodist meeting house, and 10 or 12 dwellings, surrounded b\- pines
and near salt marsh.

Tiiekahoe. on both sides of the Tuckahoe river, over which there is a bridge.
10 miles from the sea. contains some 20 dwellings, 3 taverns and several stores.
It is a place of considerable trade in wood, lumber and shipbuilding. The land
inmiediately on the river is good, but a short distance from it is swampy and low.

The post towns of Gloucester County are Absecum, Bargaintown, Camden,
an incorporated city, Carpenters Landing, Chews Landing, Clarksboro, Glass-
boro, Gloucester Furnace, Gravelly Landing, Haddonfield, Hammonton, Jack-
son Glassworks, Leeds Point, Longacoming, Malaga, Mays Landing, ^lullica
Hill, Pleasant ^lills. Smiths Landing, Somers Point, Stephens Creek, Sweedes-
boro, Tuckahoe, and Woodbury, the seat of justice of the county.

There are several academies for teaching the higher branches of education
and primary schools in most of the agricultural neighborhoods. There are also
established Sunday-schools in most, if not all, the populous villages; a county
bible society, various tract societies and many temperance associations, which
have almost rendered the immoderate use of ardent spirits infamous.

In 1832, the report of the county assessors gave 3,075 householders, whose
ratables did not exceed $30 in value; 978 single men, 102 stores, 21 fisheries, 45
grist mills, 2 cotton and 2 woollen factories, 4 carding machines, 4 blast furnaces,

3 forges, 63 saw mills, 4 fulling mills, 8 ferries, 9 tan yards, 29 distilleries, 7 glass
factories, 2 four-horse stage wagons, 967 covered wagons with fixed tops, 204

HON. JOSEPH THOMPSON.

SKETCH OF OLD GLOUCESTER COUNTY. '21

riding chairs, gigs, sulkies and pleasure carriages. 4 two-horse stage wagons,
31 dearborns with steel, iron or wooden springs: and it paid a county tax of
$10,000; poor tax, $5,000; and road tax, $15,000.

By the census of 1830 Gloucester County, twelve large townships, contained
28,431 inhabitants, of whom 13,916 were white males: 12,962 white females; 14
female slaves; 835 free colored males; 714 free colored females. Of these there
were deaf and dumb, under 14 years, 64; above 14 and under 30, y^; above 25
years, 80; blind, 205 white, 22 black; aliens, 3.365.

There is a county poor house on a farm of 200 acres near Blackwoodstown,
in Deptford township.

The following extract from the records of the county presents singular
features of the polity of the early settlers. It would seem that they considered
themselves a body politic, a democratic commonwealth, with full power of legis-
lation, in which the courts participated, prescribing the punishment for each
ofifence as it was proven before them.

Gloucester, the 28th May. 1686.

By the proprietors, freeholders and inhabitants of the third and fourth tenths
(alias county of Gloucester), then agreed as follows:

Imprimis. — That a court be held for the jurisdiction and limits of the afore-
said tenths, or county, one time at Axwamus, alias Clloucester. and at another
time at Red Bank.

Item. — That there be four courts, for the jurisdiction aforesaid, held in one
year, viz: Upon the first day of the first month, upon the fir-t day of the fourth
month, upon the first day of the seventh month, and upon the first day of the
tenth month.

//(';;;. — That the first court shall be held at Gloucester, aforesaid, upon the
first day of September next.

Item. — That all warrants and summons shall be drawn by the clerk of the
court and signed by the Justice, and so delivered to the sherilY or his deputy to
serve.

Item. — That the body of each warrant shall contain or intimate the nature of
the action.

Item. — That a copy of the declaration be given along with the warrant, that
so the defendant may have the longer time to consider the same, and prepare
his answer.

Item. — That all sunnnons and warrants shall be served and declarations
given at least ten days before the court.

Item. — That the sherifif shall give the jury sunnnons six da_\s before the court
be held in which they are to appear.

Item. — That all persons within the jurisdiction aforesaid l)ring into the next
court the marks of their hogs and other cattle in order to be approved and
recorded.

22 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

REX vs. WILKES

Indicted at Gloucester Court, N. J., loth Sept., 1686, for stealing goods of
Dennis Lins, from a house in Philadelphia. Defendant pleads guilty, but was
tried by jury. Verdict guilty, and that prisoner ought to make payment, to
the prosecutor of the sum of sixteen pounds. Sentence; The bench appoints
that said Wilkes shall pay the aforesaid Lins £16 by way of servitude, viz: If he
will be bound by indentures to the prosecutor then to serve him the term of four
years, but if he condescend not thereto, then the court awarded that he should
be a servant and so abide for the term of five years. And so be accommodated in
the time of his servitude by his master with meat, drink, clothes, washing and
lodging according to the customs of the country and fit for such a servant.

The four townships then comprising what is now Atlantic County had area
and population as follows, according to the same authority:

Acres. 1810 1820 1830

Egg Harbor 85,000 1,830 1,635 2,510

Galloway 147,000 1,648 I-895 2,960

Hamilton 106,000 877 1.424

Weymouth 50,000 781 1,270

388,000 3,478 5,188 8,164

^^^Li^

Shctcb of ®[b Mc\?niouth.

Aslil)

1 f.,r-e
h was !
lo l.i-a

mEYAIOUTH ]R()X WORKS, on th
miles aJjovf Mays Landing, were e
Joseph r>all, Cliarles Shoemaker, am
Duberson. The works consisted of a saw mill
for rendering and manufacturing bog iron me.
a wild country. The native Indian still lnmte(
numerous streams and was paid a premium
by the authorities for the wolf or panther
heads which he captured. The original,
heavy growth of timber covered the country
and the streams and swamps carried very
much more water than since the iron horse
came snorting through the land, blowing-
sparks and landing the careless pioneer from
whose clearing many a destructive forest fire
has spread, working havoc among the trees
and consuming the vegetable accumulations
of centuries on the surface of the soil. Bricks
were made of the clay found at Weymouth
in the early da_\s, but their manufacture seems
to have been limited.

One Jacob ^^'intland, a German, built
the first iron furnace and cast the first iron
pipes. The furnace stood where the new-
paper mill now is. It was made of stone
from neighboring quarries and was twenty-
five or thirty feet high. It was twenty or
thirty feet square at the bottom, tapering to
top. The circular opening in the to]i
inside was lined with long, heavy ston
long wooden bridge or incline, with
to charge the furnace. It req
keep up the blast

baskets of charcoal every few minutes in at the top with a lot of ore
called a charge, and soon as it had settled sufficiently was charged ag
blast of air from below forced the combustion and maintained a sm
and other men removed the molten n-.etal as it ran out below.

\er.

Sl.\

.Sod

Ige

and

furnace

heai

t of

.4M.

i J

^,^y 1

'^'E

OLD ETNA FURNACE, TUCKAHOE.

eel sfjuare at the

in diameter. The

1 the heat. Up a

jarrows. men carried the charcoal and iron

red eight large wagon loads of charcoal daily to

rwo men were kept constantly bus_\- dumping si.x large

This was
in. while a
Iting heat.

GEORGE ALLEN.

hutjc hi'llows (irivt-n

li\ watiT

power and

' the iiKiltcn nu'tal b\

■ means .

>f iron and

arv as air oIkiihIkts 1

c) niaiiitai

m a stea.lv

SKETCH OF OLD WKVMOUTH. 2>

The air blast was inaintainec'
connecting' with the furnace just
leather pipes. Huge tanks were
blast.

Stoves, cannon, cannon balls, pipes of all sizes and other articles were made
at Weymouth from bog iron ore for many years. Bog iron, formed by chemical
action, is without the slag or rock which characterizes the ore from the mines,
and is of a superior quality. Hitching posts still stand along Delaware avenue,
Philadelphia, which are old cannon made at Weymouth in 1812. They bear the
imprint W for Weymouth.

For forty years iron pipes of all sizes from one and a half to twenty inches
in diameter, but mostly of the smaller sizes, were made at \\'e\inouth. where
sand for the moulds, hay for winding the cores and charcoal for smeltmg the
ore were cheap.

At the forge with two powerful trip hanmiers, operated by water ])ower. two
men could turn out a ton each per week of malleable iron, i'.y a later i^rocess
a ton a day was possible. This was before rolling mills were more than thought
of. On clear winter mornings the sound of these triphainmers could be heard
in coalings a dozen miles away. To obtain the ore, canals w^ere dug and scows
were run into the swamps where it abounded, and where it may still lie found.
There are two kinds, one in large sheets from two to six inches thick, ;inil the
other in fine particles which is known as shot ore. It was smelted in the larger
furnaces just as pig iron was smelted in the smaller cupulas.

The late John Clements, of Haddonfield, in his sketch of .\tlantic County,
printed in a volume of the West Jersey Surveyors" Association, in 1880, says:

"The manufacture of iron in New Jersey from bog or meadow ore may be
traced to a very early date, and gave employment to many laborers and artisans.
Much of the largest deposit of this peculiar formation was on the western tribu-
taries of Atsion or Little Egg Harbor river, in Atlantic County, extending from
near the sources of these streams as far southwest as where Egg Harbor City
now stands. As late as 1830 fourteen furnaces and cupulas, and as many forges,
were in active operation in Xew Jersey, using only the bog ore found in the
sw^amps and low lands. Many conveyances are on record showing the purchase
of land merely for the purpose of removing the surface ore, and after such ore
had been removed, reverted to the grantor.

The supply in South Jersey seems to have been pretty nearly exhausted,
but the old bog ore swamps are again filling up and one hundred years hence
may find the same places supplied with ore, ready for the furnaces, but never
again so valuable as it was to our ancestors. The same elements are still there
and the waters that permeate the soil bringing to the surface the oxide of iron
which they precipitate when in contact with the atmosphere, is doing the same
work and producing the same crude material as that used so advantageously by
the first emigrant settlers in this region. How curious and how interesting would
be the historv of the discoverv of iron in West Jersey!

WILLARD WRIGHT, M.D.

SKF.TCH OF OLD WEYMOUTH.

>cred with a roil slimy suhstanco. that stained

s progress; and while contemplating- his sad plight,

discovered what he thought were particles of

iron ore adhering to his dress. From inquiry

ong

the

[

ndians. he

found th

■V kl

lew

thing

of i

ingredients,

and only

used

11,

xed w

ith

ar s oi

. for war paint.

daul

Ulg

ir nal

ced 1

lies ai

d thus

making themse

ves

eons

to 1

lol.l.

A mo

-e careful

."xanuna-

n i)n

Vld

at in

the .

r\ er |)art

the

;\vamp, tlie suDstance was liaru and coiiui i)e
hig with facility, confirming his suspicions as
to what it was and deserving an experiiuent

MANAGER'S HOUSE, ETNA FURNACE. SI

how to utilize it. In due time a rude furnace is
built and a few pounds of metal produced to his surprise at the great discovery."

At Etna and old Ingersoll on the Tuckahoe river, at Walkers Forge and
-Mays Landing, Old Tdoucester, and at Batsto, Atsion, Washington, and Martha
in Burlington County, similar works were successfully operated for many years.
These furnaces opened up in Alarch, soon as cold weather broke, and were in
constant operation '.till the end of the year, not excepting Sundays.

When Stephen- Colwell succeeded his father-in-law, Samuel Ivichards. as
part owner of Weymouth, he resolved to try the experiment of closing tlown

MANSION WEYMOUTH.

HON. S. D. HOFFMA^

SKKTC

Wl-AMOL

that Sunday
cction (if the

lie tires on Sundays and found tlial it worked
,iirk stopped and religious peo])le were highly gratitied
In 1807, the religious work at Weymouth culniinatt
ittle ehureh whieh lias served its ohjeels so well up U> tliis day.
reely granted the use of the lan.l Imv a cliinvh and cemetery fnr tl
if both Presbyterians and .Melhodisl^ cm alternate Sundays, and hori' the prin-
ipal share of the expenses afterwards for maintaining the services. In this snug
ittle edifice which stands in a lieautiful oak grove, the ninety-second anniversary
i-as celebrated with appropriate ceremonies on Sunday, September 24, i8()().
•"fiends gathered from various ji. lints and renewed the pleasant associations
if other years. On the head.-tunes in the adjacent cemetery names (Mice familiar
hroughout the county may be found. Xo deed for this property was ever given
o anv religious body. It still belongs to the Weymouth estate.

OLD CHURCH AT WEYMOUTH, 1807.

Lewis M. Walker was the first manager for the founders and owners of
A^eymouth. Later he started a forge and saw-mill for himself at South River,
hree miles southerly from ^lays Landing, in Weymouth township. Walker was
lucceeded by John Richards, who was manager for sixteen years, when with a
:ousin, Thomas S. Richards, he engaged in a similar business for himself at (Md
jloucester. John C. Briggs succeeded him at Weymouth for an equal period.

When William Moore succeeded Briggs, in 1846, he built the mule traiu-
vay for the better transportation of freight through the woods to and from Mays
Landing. Previous to that time most of the iron was transported to tide water
3n scows, down the Great Egg Harbor river. These fiatboats were carried down
Dy the current and poled back by hand with whatever supplies in the way of

JOHN B. CHAMPION.

SKETCH OF OLD WEYMOUTH. :'.!

groceries it niigiit be convenient to carry. There are to this day "Lock Rights"
in tlie cotton mill dam at Mays Landing, in behalf of the Weymouth estate.

W. Dwight Bell and Stephen CoKvell, whose wives were daughters of Samuel
Richards, were then the owners of the estate, which comprised 80,000 acres, in-
cluding the greater portion of Hamilton and a considerable part of what is now
MuUica and Galloway townships.

Not less than one hundred vessels were built at Mays Landing frcMn Wey-
mouth forests and foundry during the half centur\- beginning with 1830. There
were two shipyards and as many as four vessels were built in one year. The
hulk of one of these, the Weymouth, named in honor of the estate, built by
Richard S. Colwell about 1870, lies in the river at Catawba, a few miles below
the spot where it was built. One of the last ships to be built at Weymouth was
the barkentine Jennie Sweeney, still owned and sailed l)y Capt. S. S. Hudst)n. the
builder.

One hundred or more families lived and prospered on the \^'eymouth estate,
in the coalings, saw-mills, foundries and shipyards. Three six-mule teams oper-
ated the tramcars to and from Alays Landing, and there was a one-horse passen-
ger car for use as needed. Two or three yoke of oxen were used on the estate
and half a dozen four-mule teams in hauling wood, charcoal and lumber, l)esides
two-horse teams and several driving horses.

During the Harrison administration, beginning in 1840, business was at a
standstill. There was no sale for iron pipes, but Samuel Richards, the wealthy
Philadelphia merchant, kept his men at Weymouth at work, thereby accunuilating
a large stock of iron pipes, before he found a market for it.

Waterworks was started at }iIobile about that time. By subscribing for
stock and paying in iron pipes Mr. Richards found a market for the accumulated
products of his estate. He died January 4, 1842, and his successors completed
the contract.

William Moore continued as manager for more than twenty years. One
of his sons, M. V. B. Moore, who was employed in the Weymouth store, declares
that it was no unusual thing on a Friday or Saturday, when the week's supplies
were given out to the men, to weigh out four or five barrels of pork, and a ton
or more of flour, and to measure out forty or fifty bushels of potatoes and a hogs-
head of molasses. Mr. Moore remembers to have seen, more than once, as
many as twenty-five double teams loaded with fresh pork from Salem and Glou-
cester Counties, drive into Weymouth in one string. This pork was salted down
in large tanks in cellars and retailed as needed. The woodmen were great lovers
of fat pork. It required 90,000 pounds a year to supply the estate.

The old iron forge accidentally burned down in 1862, and the old foundry
three years later, when the iron industry was abandoned. The war had closed
the markets in southern cities, and improved methods and railroad transportation
and the use of anthracite coal, made it no longer profitable to ship pig iron into
the charcoal districts of South Jersey to be manufactured.

In 1866 Stephen Colwell built the first stone paper mill near the site of the

CARLTON GODFREY ESQ.

SKETCH OF OLD WEYMOUTH.

old stone forge and furnace, and leased it for ten years to McXeal, Irvin;^- & Rich,
who were operating the paper mill successfully at Pleasant Mills. In 1876 the
control of this mill reverted to the Colwell estate and the manufacture of manila
paper from old ropes, the abandoned rigging nf vessels, was successfullv con-
tinued till 1887.

WEYMOUTH PAPER MILLS.

A second frame mill was built in iSOo, which liurned down in 1S76. and was
replaced by a substantial stone structure. Natural causes or the relentless laws
of trade have operated very largely against the old industries of South Jersey
during the last half century. Cheap labor in the South depreciated the charcoal
market. Forest fires and cheap transportation from the South and West, cut
down the price of lumber. Iron bands supplanted wooden hoop-poles, which was
quite an industry. Cedar lumber which sold for $25 per ^L. now brings but $16.
Boatboards have dropped from S40, $50, $60 per 'SI. to $30. Cedar shingles
which once brought $15 per M., now bring $8. Measured by these products
money has become higher and harder to get, while interest and mortgages have
suffered no such decline.

The \\'eymouth estate is still rich in wood and timber, bog iron and valuable
clay beds. Its water power is immensely valuable and may soon be more fully
developed and utilized.

*r5 ^^s

M. A. DEVINE.

<L\K meet Jfaimlv.

One of the noted chai cters of Atlantic Lounl\ furty years a,L;ii was knuwn
by the name of Joe West. He was a man of jxiwerfnl ImiKl and Inie i)ersonal
appearance, with many a ;oniplishments. a hiwyer hy prnfessii m, ha\inL; hut
httle practice. His fathei George \\'est, lived in a niansinn at t atawha. twn
miles or more below Mays Landing, overlooking the (ireat Egg Jlarhor river,
where in those days many vessels were constantly passing. The old-fashioned
mansion, just back from the road opposite the little church which is still stand-
ing, was elegantly furnished and the family lived in princely style. J(ie West
became known throughout the county for his transactions, anil was buth feared
and despised by people who came in conflict with him. His father, nit ther and
two brothers died at about the same time, under peculiar circumstances, and
people had their suspicions as to the causes of their sudden deaths. In the rear
of the little church may still be seen the large marble slabs which Cdvered the
brick vaults holding the luortal remains of the suddenly-reduced West family,
inscribed as follows:

1215354

JAMES S. WEST,

Son of George and .Amy West, born .\pril 7, 181Q;

Died August 24, 1S29.

GEORGE S. WEST,

Son of George and Amy West, born May 7, 1S06;

Died September 3, 1829.

GEORGE WEST, Esq.,

Born August i. 1774:
Died September 10. 1829.

AMY W^EST, widow of George West;

Born January 26, 1777;

Died September 15. 1829.

(35)

Wkli^r^'

M. A. DEVINE.

J^ lOXEp FOn HIS MOXITV

\i,ONG wrrii iwTiiKu, M<yrHBH

.^.Vl) Bl^OTHKi; NKAHl.Y A CEX-
TVT V AGO.

One of the noted char,
by the name of Joe West,
appearance, with many ac
Httle practice. His father,
miles or more behDw Ma\s
where in those davs man\

of the httle church may stis
brick vaults holding the
inscribed as follows:

W- iiilp ramhiing- through the coiintr.v

|.yee.^terday a party of Atlantic City peo-

nlf '- discovered that some heartless van-

J' al had desecrated the grave of a man

' *ho had been hiiried nearly a century

ago In an old abandoned cemetery at

(Catawba by tearing off the marble

slab of the tombstone in order to .steal

aJiuantSty of tirick.s from the foiinda-

jtion.

There is no means of knowing- how
mansion, just back from th^,ong ago the vandalism was perpe-
ing, was elegantly furnishei;trated, .but the matter will be called to
became known throughout 'he attention of decendants of the

and despised bv people whc ^^^^ n^^" "■ ^"J' '^''>" ''<' f"""* "'>■'»■?

, ,, i- 1 ^ 1 in Allantic Countv.
two brothers died at about . „ ;

, , , , . . . A GRUESOME THEFT,

people had their suspicions ^he grave is that of George S. West.
on of George and Amy West, who
m was born May 7, 1806, and who died
September 5, 1829. The large marble
Blab had been torn from the gTa\e- as
j it with a crowbar and had broken
into four pieces as it struck the
I ground. This pro\-ided easy access to

ithe brick foundation, the mortar of
which had wonked loose with as?.
There is ample evidence that some of
'he bricks had then been knocked
■^•>|3e and taken away.
,^.,,,,Jie graveyard had been abandoned
/ years and is all grow;! up with
"^ss and shrubbery, not been visible
»-om the River road, which runs be-
.ween English Creek and IMay's Land-
ing. Directl.v in front of the graves,
which are clustered together and bear
J- faded stqnes that show that the occu-
" pants of the graves were placed there
nearly a century ago or about the time
of the War of 1812, and that the rums
are that of the old Catawba Church,
nothing being vi.sihle now but the rem-
nats of a sturdy foundation.

WHOLE FAMILY POISONED.

Along side of the desecrated grave of

3eorge S. West are the graves of his

fathf-X. mother and brother, alll hav-

ng the same kind of a tombstone. It

s a singular fact, known from the in-

AAiTjcription on the tombstones, that each

' liember of the family died in the same

ear, 1829, and within a few weeks of

|ach other, as if the hou.sehold had

leen strickf n down with soiiie malady

r plague. There is a story ^pld tlvii

jie entire family had been p!>^.<*ned by

[relative for their mctriey in the days
hen fortunes were made in charcoal
t May's Landing. It is said U^ the
[urdeopr Vas V flesperado \)ilff) lived
ke aJpriKce dn" his- ill-^^en gains
bt aflervjEir^ had ^ietfin a Penn-
hvanil th-i.son, wheft? he had been

L»=.,^l/l to.- nottv thpft

tg Ilarljor river,
he old-fashioned
|ch is still stand-
ktyle. Joe West
was both feared
ther, mcther and
cumstances, and
iths. In the rear
hicli covered the
:cd West family.

Son ot

JOSEPH A. BARSTOW.

THE WEST FAMILY,

Thomas Biddle West, died May 17, 1826, aged 14 years, after fifty hours'
illness. Joe was the only survivor, and was of course in full charge of the
estate. He lived in extravagant style, kept four dun mules and a mulatto driver,
and made tours of the State in a manner to attract at-
tention. He took with him silk bedclothing- for his
personal use at whatever hotel he might lodge for the
night. He was a surveyor of lands and an expert in
looking up titles. He would set up claims to lands
which he as a Iaw\er could contest in the courts or
settle for cash to help him continue his extravagant
habits of living.

His estate was finall\- suld hy the sheriff on fore-
closure of claims against him. West was at one time
convicted of forgery of the records in the office of the
clerk of Burlington County and was sentenced to im-
prisonment for five years. He was released before the
expiration of his term. He had a beautiful Christian
woman lor a wife, Miss Huldah. daughter of one
Charles Stewart, of Philadelphia. He is said to have
led a domestic career no more creditable than his other
doings. He finally left Xew Jersey and spent his last days in his native State.
None of his relatives are now living.

CATAWBA CHURCH

CATAWBA GRAVES.

WILLIAM B. LOUDENSLAGER.

Otlantic Qom\t\2 Ear.

HE BAR of Atlantic L'lnint) is in reality a creation of quite modern times. A

record of its early history would necessarily include that of the county in

general, extending back to a time when Atlantic City was not. as it is now,

center and chief source of liti,L;ati<in in our courts: and beyond that to a

period when Atlantic City, as a settlement boasting a name, was hardly in

existence.

To go back to the birth nf our cdunty is not a great stride, as il was only
in 1837 that it was formed by cutting ..ff the easterly half of Gloucester C. unity.
At that time the population <if the cdiinty was about eight thousand, and the
amount of litigation correspondingly small. Then a railroad was a novelty, and
only one line, that of the old Camden «& .\mboy, was in operation in the State.
The only regular means of conveyance to the county capital was the stage coach
line running from Absecon through Bargaintown and Mays Landing to Camden.
On the first day of court the judges, lawyers, suitors and witnesses congregated
at the court house from all sections of the county, traveling by stage-coach or
wagon, or even on foot or horseback.

The first session of court in the new county was the Court of (Juarter .Ses-
sions of the Peace, held by six justices of the peace, viz: Joseph Garwood, Joseph
Endicott, Daniel Baker, Benjamin Weatherby, John Godfrey and Jesse H. Bowen.
At that time this court was composed of the justices of the peace of the county,
or any three of them. The court was held at Mays Landing on July 25, 1837,
at the hotel of Capt. John Pennington, a prominent character in the early history
of the county, and the grandfather of present Law Judge Endicott, former Judge
Thompson, Dr. B. C. Pennington and County Clerk Scott. This hotel con-
tinued to serve as a court house for several terms, and the old church building
then standing on the main street, near the site of the present church, was also
pressed into service on one or two occasions. The first session held in the new
court house, which is the one still used, was at the December Term, 1838.

At the second term, held October 17, 1837, Chief Justice Joseph W. Horn-
blower presided, and, together with the same six justices of the peace, held a
session of Oyer and Terminer and General Jail Delivery. Li the first criminal
■cases John Moore White, attorney-general, and Robert K. Matlock, of Wood-
bury, appeared for the State as prosecutors. Mr. White afterwards became a
Justice of the Supreme Court and held the circuit in this county for two years,
in 1839 and 1840.

(39)

HON. WILSON SENSEMAN.

THE ATLANTIC COUXTY BAR. -U

In the early years of the county's history the menilDers of the bar of neigh-
boring counties were prominent in the courts. In fact, for a short time after
the formation of the county all the liti,iration was conducted by them, as Atlantic
County had no resident lawxer. Among the prominent visitors of that period
were Thomas P. Carpenter, of Camden, who was afterwards appointed a Justice
of the Supreme Court and held the Atlantic Circuit from 1845 to 1852; Abraham
Browning, of Camden, who afterwards became attorney general and who officiated
on several occasions as prosecutor of the pleas; John T. Xixon, of Bridgeton,
who was afterwards appointed Justice of the United States District Court; Lucius
Q. C. Elmer, of Bridgeton, who later became a Justice of the Supreme Court
and held the Atlantic Circuit from 1852 to 1859, and from 1862 to 1869; Robert
K. Matlock and William N. Jeffers. of Woodbury; Jeremiah Sloan, of Mt. Holly;
and John B. Harrison, of ^^'oodbury, who was the first regular prosecutor of
the pleas.

The first resident member of the bar in the count} was Elias B. Caldwell,
of Newark. He first appeared in the courts in 1837, shortly afterward located
at the county seat and remained there until he died, in December, 1847. He
built and lived in a house immediately opposite the court house, where he also
had his oflice. While sick in bed he accidentally set fire to the curtains and
inhaled the flames, as a result of which he died in a few days.

Joseph E. Potts, of Trenton, appeared in the courts about the same time,
and shortly after Caldwell he also took up his residence in Mays Landing and
practiced there for a number of years. About 1854 he obtained a clerkship in
the Treasury Department at W^ashington, D. C, and resided there until his death,
which occurred a few years ago. He served as County Clerk fmni 1S45 to 1850.
About the year 1840, Robert B. Glover, of Woodbury, took up his residence
at the county capital and practiced there until about 1854. Pie then gave up
the practice of law and removed to Camden, where he died, about 1856.

Another lawyer of the same period was Francis J. Brognard, of Mt. Holly.
He removed to Mays Landing about 1842, and lived and had his oflicc in a
building nekt to that of ^Ir. Caldwell. He remained in Mays Landing for seven
or eight years and then removed to Jersey City, where he shortly afterwards died.
He served as prosecutor from 1846 to 1850.

After the death of Caldwell and the removal of Brognard, ( ieorge S. Wood-
hull moved to the county seat from Freehold on March 5, 1850. In a few months
he was appointed prosecutor of the pleas, which office he held until 1865, and
during the same period also served as prosecutor of Cape May County for two
terms. He was appointed Justice of the Supreme Court in 1866. His actual
residence in the count}-, however, continued only until 1 861, when he removed
to Camden and opened an office there.

The first native of the county to represent the profession in its courts as a
resident lawyer was William W. Thompson, of Mays Landing, the father of ex-
Judge Joseph Thompson. He read law with Judge Woodhull in Mays Landing,
and was admitted to the bar at the Februarv Term, 1852, and practiced there

JUDGE ENOCH CORDERY.

THE ATLANTIC COUNTY EAR. 43

until his death, whicli occurred in Xovemher. 1865. I'"r(nii 1861 to 1S65 he was
the only lawyer residing in the county.

The next native lawyer after Mr. Thompson was Joseph I-".. 1'. .\bbott, of
Mays Landing, a namesake of Joseph E. Potts, who stuilied law with Judge
WoodhuU. He was admitted to the bar at the Xovembcr Term. i8()5. and the
next month located in his native town, where he has continued to the present
day. On the day immediately preceding Mr. Abbott's settlement at Mays Land-
ing, Mr. Thompson suddenly died, and Mr. Abbott bought his office fixtures
and library, and took up his practice in the same office; so that up to that time,
not even for a single day could the county boast of two native lawyers. Mr.
Abbott is now the oldest practitioner in the county, and bears the appellation of
"The Father of the Atlantic County Bar." He is the present Prosecutor of the
Pleas, having been appointed by Governor \'oorhees in 1898. succeeding Samuel
E. Perry.

Next after Mr. Abbott came Lewis Humphreys, of Mays Landing, who
was admitted at the June Term, 1870, and located at Absecon immediately. He
studied law under J. E. P. Abbott. After remaining in Absecon several years he
removed to Mays Landing, where he continued to reside and practice until his
death, in 1878.

Alexander H. Sharp, of Salem, came to this county about 1861J, and opened
an office at Egg Harbor City, and was shortly afterwards appointed Prosecutor
of Pleas, to fill the unexpired term of Alfred Hugg. who had resigned. He served
until 1871, removing to Mays Landing shortly before the expiration of his term.
He remained at the county seat for two or three years, and then removed to
Absecon. While there he had a branch office in Atlantic City on Atlantic avenue,
where Myers' LTnioit Market now stands, at which he spent some days in each
week. During this period Hon. John J. Gardner, our present Congressman,
read law under his instruction for some time. For a portion of the period be-
tween 1871 and 1878 he gave up the practice of law, and resided at Estellville,
near Mays Landing, where he conducted a glass factory. He next removed to
Mays Landing, and was again appointed Prosecutor in 1878, and continued in
office until 1883. Shortly after this appointment he returned to Absecon to live,
and resumed his Atlantic City office. At the expiration of his term he went to
Philadelphia, and thence removed to the West.

The next was William Moore, of Alays Landing, a student irom the office
of Alden C. Scovel, of Camden, who was admitted at the November Term. 1873.
He took up the practice of law at once at the county seat and remained there
imtil his death, on November 17, 1889.

In 1876, Harry L. Slape came from Woodstown to the county seat and
opened an office and remained there about two years. He then removed to
Atlantic City and began practice in an office in the Champion House, on \'irginia
avenue, on the site of the present Allen Building, the same office afterwards
occupied by Samuel D. Hoffman. Mr. Slape was the City's first resident lawyer,

THOMAS J. DICKERSON.

THE ATLANTIC COUNTY BAR. 45

and served as Mayor in iSSoiHSi, and also as City Solicitor for a nnmber of
years. He died May 2~ . 1887.

The second member of the bar to take up a residence here was Major George
T. Ingham, of Salem. He read law in the ofiftce of Clement H. Sinnickson, now
County Judge of Salem, was admitted to the bar in 1880, and in .\ugust of the
same year came to this city and opened an ofifice in the Citv Hall.

Following Major Ingham came Jose]iIi TlKinipsdn, of Mays Landing. He
served his clerkship in the offices of .Vlden I'. Scovel, (jf Camden, and William
Moore, of JMays Landing, and was admitted to the bar at the June Term, 1878,
at the same time with Charles T. Abbott, a graduate from the office of his brother,
Joseph, in Mays Landing. Air. Thompson practiced law in his native place from
that time until the fall of 1880. when he opened an office in this city, at 1208
Atlantic avenue. He served as prosecutor from 1883 to 1893, and as county judge
from 1893 to 1898. He was elected Mayor of Atlantic City in the spring of 1898,
and a short time afterwards was appointed a member of the State Board of
Taxation.

At the February Term, 1881, were admitted to the bar two students from
Atlantic County — August Stephany. of Egg Harbor City, and Samuel D. Hoff-
man, of Alays Landing. They both read law with William Aloore at the county
seat. Immediately on his admission Mr. Stephany located in this city in an
office adjoining Keuhnle's Hotel, where he had for several years previously car-
ried on a real estate business, coming here certain days in the week. Dn January
I, 1884, Air. Stephany entered into partnership with Mr. Slape, in offices on the
second floor of the building next to the Alansion House, at mo Atlantic avenue.
They continued together until Mr. Slape's death. After that Air. Stephany con-
tinued in practice until his death, on June 9. 1898. being joined a few years
previous by his son Robert as partner.

Samuel D. Hoffman, Air. Stephany's classmate, remained in Alays Landing
a few months after admission, and in the same year came to this city and formed
a partnership with Joseph Thompson. Their office at that time was in the City
Hall. The partnership continued until 1883, since which time Air. Hoffman has
had an office by himself, in the Champion House. Air. Hoffman has been active
in political life, having served the city as City School Superintendent in 1885,
Alderman in 1884, Alayor for several terms, 1886 to 1892, and represented the
county as Assemblyman in 1892, and State Senator 1893 to 1898. In 1896 he
was appointed County School Superintendent.

The next Lawyer of Atlantic City was Allen 15. Endicott, of Alays Landing,
the present law judge, who was admitted at the June Term, 1880. He read law
with J. E. P. Abbott and also with Peter L. \'oorhees. of Camden, and graduated
from the law department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1879. After ad-
mission he located in his native village and remained there about three years.
On the 28th of April, 1883, he came to Atlantic City and succeeded Air. Hoff-
man in partnership with Mr. Thompson, continuing with him until 1887. Their
office at that time was in the Iniilding on Atlantic avenue, standing on the site of
the present Alensing Block.

ALOIS SCHAL'FLER.

THE ATLAXTIC COUXTV BAR. -17

Samuel E. Perry, of Huiitcrdcin C'ounty. came here in 1883, ami ()])ened an
office in the building at the corner of Indiana and Atlantic avenues, a jiortion of
which is now occupied by Grisconi's Market. He had fomierly practiced in Con-
necticut and also in his native county. He was appointed prosecutor in 1893 and
served until 1898.

From that time on the City had a firmly established le.s;al fraternity, and
students began to graduate from the local oiifices and other memljers to immigrate
from other sections with increasing frequency, until at the present time the bar
of the City is represented by thirty-four lawyers, mostly young, active and enter-
prising men.

From the period of the 8o"s the city with its almost miraculous growth began
to be an inviting field for the new disciples of Blackstone. The growth and ex-
pansion of the' town, the accretions of land on the ocean front, tlie formation of
land and improvement companies, the extension of streets and railroad lines, all
contributed to the creation of the inr\itablc disputes as to land titles. The m-
creasing values of building lots, with inches as valuable as were the acres of other
decades, made every owner careful of his property rights. The errors and mis-
conceptions in municipal legislation incident to providing for the needs and de-
mands of a rapidly growing city became such as to require constant legal aid
in straightening the tangles. The commercial transactions involved in the busi-
ness of entertaining hundreds of thousands of visitors entailed the preparation of
countless legal papers, and the natural outgrowth was controversies of endless
variety.

While the absence of the great trusts and corporations of the larger cities,
with their weighty litigation, precludes our practitioners from the princely in-
comes of their legal advisers, and while the field of practice is yet too limited for
the development of specialists in the legal profession, yet there is an interesting
diversity of work that comes to the hands of the Atlantic City lawyer that many
localities do not afiford, which serves to keep him constantly bright in every
department of practice, and makes monotony impossible.

IMPORTANT TRIALS.

Among tlie important civil cases that have l)een tried in the courts i>f the
county was that of .\ndrew K. Hay vs. John L. McKnight, an action in\i living
title to large tracts of land in the county. The plaintifif was represented by Joseph
P. Bradley, who was afterwards Justice of the United States Supreme Court, and
the defendant by .\braham Ilrowning. The case wa- tried in 1865. and the trial
lasted three weeks.

Another important case involving title to land was that of David S. I '.lack-
man and others against Absalom Doughty and others, tried in 1877. I'or the
plaintiffs appeared David J. Pancoast, while I'etcr L. X'oorhees and .\braham
Browning represented the defendants.

JOHN E. MEHRER.

IMI'okT.WT TRIALS l;i

In December. i88_', was tried a famous case j;eiierally kiiDWii a.> tlie "Sturiii
Tide Line Case." Nominally the suit was between the Camden & .\tlantic Land
Company and Edwin Lippincott, and involved directly the title to a tract of i)each
front seven hundred by one hundred and fifty feet, a part of the Haddon Hall
property; but as an extensive tract of proi)erty in that neighborhood was held
under a similar title, chiefly by the defendant and Charles M'.vans. of the .Sea-
side, the determination of the suit settled all these titles. The value nf the land
involved was at that time in the hundreds of thousands of dollars, and tii-da\-, of
course, is still greater, it being now- one of the most valuable portions of the city.

In 1856 the land company sold Thomas Mills a tract of land east of Xorth
(."arolina avenue, bounded by Pacific avenue on the north, and e.xtendini;- smith "a
distance of three hundred and twenty feet, be the same more or less, to >tiiiin title
mark of the Atlantic Ocean: thence along said storm tide mark. "U a course
of northeast, for a distance of one Inmdred and fifty feet, be the same more or
less, to the west side of a twenty feet wide street," etc. Title descended from
Miles to Lippincott.

Between 1856 and 1880. when suit was bmught. the beach had "built up" by
accretions of sand, for a distance of stime twehe hundred feet. The land com-
pany brought suit in ejectment, claiming title to all the accretions, on the theory
that the "storm tide mark," as it existed when the grant was made, was a definite
and fixed boundary; that this line was different from ordinary high water line,
to which their original title extended, thus leaving in them a stri]i of beach to
which title to any accretions would attach.

The defendant resisted on the principle that the line was variable, and that
the boundary followed the changing line, thus giving the accretions to the grantee.

After a number of postponements, trial was begun before Judge Alfred Reed,
and a struck jury at Mays Landing on December 12, 1882, and occupied nine
days. The plaintiff was represented by Cortlandt Parker, Barker Gummere, Wil-
liam Moore, and Alexander H. Sharp. I-"or the defendant appeared Peter L. \'oor-
hees, Frederick \'oorhees, Samuel H. Grey and Thompson & Endicott.

A special verdict was taken, the jury finding answers to fourteen sejiarate
questions of fact, and the record submitted to the Supreme Court for judgment.
Judge Reed stated in his charge that there was not found in the books ui this or
any other country a case which had the same features or was exactly analogous.

The case was argued at the June Term of the Supreme Court, 1883, and at
Xovember Term an able and exhaustive opinion was rendered by Justice Dejnie
(reported in 16 \'room, 405), in which he sustained the defendant's title to the
accretions. A portion of his language was as follows:

"In grants of lands lying along the seashore, the parties act with knowledge
of the variety of changes to which all parts of the shore are subject. The grantee,
by such a boundary, takes a freehold that shifts with the changes that take place,
and is obliged to accept the situation of his boundary by the gradual changes
to which the shore is subject. He is subject to loss by the same means that may
add to his territorv; and as he is without remedv for his loss, so is he entitled to

JOHN BAKER ADAMS.

I.Mr(.)K TAXI- TKIALS. r,l

the gain which may arise Imni alhu ial formations, and ho will, in sneh case, h<iKl
by the same bonndary, including- the accumulated soil.

"A grant of lands with a bonndary "along storm-tide mark of the Atlantic
ocean,' will leave in the grantor that space of the beach which lies between the
ordinarx' high water and the fast land, and is washed over by inuisual tides so
frecjnently as to be waste and unprofitable for n^e; but the title of the grantee
will advance or recede as the line of storm-tide changes from time to time.

"The object the company had in view in adopting in its conveyance such a
boundary for lands lying along the sea is apparent. It was a company formed for
the purpose of building a city, as a place of summer resort. The use of the strip
of waste land lying between the fast shore and ordinary high water for a prom-
enade, or for boating and bathing, by residents in the city, and persons who might
resort there for pleasure or health, would add greatly to the success of the en-
terprise. The company seems to have exercised some control in that respect over
the beach. Mr. Richards, the president of the company, says that it was a uni-
versal assurance given verbally to purchasers of lots, that they should have the
jirivilege of putting bath-houses on the beach for bathing purposes.

"We think that, under the description in the ]\Iiles deed, the seaward
boundary was on the line of the storm-tide, as that line was advanced towards
the ocean by alluvial deposits. The proof is that, at the time this suit was brought,
the line of the storm-tides was considerably seaward of the lands in controversy,
and consequently the defendant has the legal title to the premises in dispute."

In consequence of an error of the jury in answering one of the questions,
judgment was not ordered, but a new trial was granted. This, however, was not
followed up, but a non-suit was afterw-ards granted the defendant. An amicable
settlement was afterwards made concerning the strip between storm-tide and
high water line, which it was decided the land company still owned, and this
ended one of the most novel as well as important land suits ever tried in Atlantic
or anv other countv.

Among the important criminal cases tried in our courts was that of The
State against Louis Waldenberger, tried at the December Term, i860. The
defendant, who lived near Egg Harbor City, was indicted for poisoning his child
by means of pounded glass and sulphur matches, and was convicted and sen-
tenced to be hanged; but on March 6, 1861, his sentence was commuted by Gov-
ernor Olden to imprisonment for life. He served eighteen years in the State
prison, when finally his wife on her death bed confessed that she had committed
the act for which he was sentenced. His case had been before the Board of
Pardons for ten years or more, but he was finally pardoned, — the first case in the
State of pardon of a life prisoner. This was the first conviction of first degree
murder in the county. The prosecutor was George C. WoodhuU, afterwards
Supreme Court Justice, assisted by William W. Thompson.

The next first degree conviction was that of John Hill and John Fullen, who.

WILLIAM M. POLLARD, M.D.

nir

rcU-r

in the

iluables

com

iiiiitted,

IMI'OKTAXT TRIALS. 53

together with Isaac Dayton, were ciiargcd with nuirdcring an old man named
George Chislett, at Ehvood. for liis money. Mill and FuUcn were tried together
at the September Term, 1876, and convicted. Albert II. Slape. prosecutor, ap-
peared for the State, and his brother. Marry L. Slape. defended. — his tirst case
in the connty. Hill and Fnllen were hanged on ( )ciober 7. 1X76, — the first hang-
ing in the county, Dayton was tried seiKuatcly. cnnxicte
second degree and sentenced to t\\ent\- years in State I'ri
which the victim was supposed to carry, and for which the ci
turned out to be an old pocketbook containing one ceiU. which articles are still
preserved in the County Clerk's office.

On the evening of July 10, 1881. in this city. William Musson. a special
officer for the Disston Mill, was brained by an axe in the hands of John Somers,
another employee, while trying to act as peacemaker between Somers and his
wife, w-hom the latter was abusing. Somers, who was crazed with drink, was a
war veteran, having held a captain's commission. He was tried and convicted
of murder in the first degree, and sentenced to be hanged, but the sentence was
connnuted to imprisonment for life. Harry L. Slape defended him. For a
number of years strong efforts were made to secure his release on parole. These
efforts were finally effective, and in 1897 he returned to this cit}'. where he re-
mained until his death, about a year later.

The next hanging was on January 3, 1889, — that of Robert Elder, who was
tried and convicted on October 23d, 1888, of killing his father near Hamnionton.
The case was prosecuted by Joseph Thompson and defended by Samuel E. I'erry.

Before the expiation of this crime another of similar character was com-
mitted by James Grimes, a colored sailor, who, on Christmas night, 1888, mur-
dered the mate of his vessel while lying in Absecon Inlet. He w-as tried at April
Term, 1889, convicted, and hanged on June 20, 1889, by Sheriff .Smith E. John-
son. This was also during Judge Thompson's term as prosecutor. The prisoner
was defended by J. E. P. Abbott and James B. Xixon.

Another celebrated case occurring the same year was that of Evangeline
liamilton, who was tried at the September Term for stabbing a nurse in Atlantic
City. Death did not ensue, and the charge was only atrocious assault, ."^he was
defended by Samuel E. Perry, was convicted and sentenced to two years in State
Prison. Her husband was a grandson of Alexander Hamilton, and owing to a
number of sensational features in the case it attracted w idesiiread attention.

ATLANTIC COUNTY BAR ASSOCIATION.

For some ycar^ the nieniber> of the bar nf the county had felt llie need and
appreciated the benefits that would accrue from organized and conil)ined action
looking towards the mutual protection and benefit of the members and the main-
tenance of the standing and promotion of the interests of the profession in gen-
eral. For some time the matter was discussed without anv definite .action, until

THOMAS K. REED M.D.

THE ATLANTIC CITY BAR. 55

1895. when through the efforts chietiy of W'iUiam M. Clevciiger and Louis A.
Repetto. counseled by August Stephany, the idea took form and the organization
became a fact. The signatures of twenty-five members of the bar were secured
as incorporators, and on June i. 1895, articles of incorporation were executed and
acknowledged, and on the 19th of the same month were fileii in the .Secretary
of State's Office.

The first meeting was held on the first day of the fall term of court. Septem-
ber 10. 1895. in the library of the court house at Mays Landing. Tlie first presi-
dent elected was Mr. August Stephany. William AL Clevengcr was elected sec-
retary and Clarence L. Cole treasurer. Since that time a new president has been
elected annually, viz: In i8c)6. Hon. Joseph Thompson: in 1897. Hon .Mien B.
Endicott; in 1898. Mr. Enoch .\. Higbee. The secretary and treasurer have
been re-elected each year.

While the association is yet in its infancy, its power for good has been ap-
preciated, and it is destined to be a potent factor in the future growth and de-
velopment of the city and county. In addition to the general benefits to be derived
from a closer association and union of the members and the maintenance of the
honor and dignity of the profession, one of the chief objects of its existence is to
collect and maintain a law library for the use of its members and visiting lawyers.
.\ fund is rapidly accumulating for this purpose, and the association is patiently
awaiting the action of the City Hall Commissioners looking towards the erection
of a municipal building, in which it has been premised it shall find a horn?.

ATLANTIC CITY BAR.

" *^'^ ATH.K.NH\ C<m NSEI.K-iR

James L. \'anscykel June. iSGcj

Samuel E. Perry June. 1877 Feb.. 1881

Joseph Thompson June. 1878 Feb.. 1883

Geo. T. Ingham June. 1880 June, 1883

Allen B. Endicott . June. 1880 Feb., 1884

Samuel D. Hoffman Feb., 1881 Feb.. 1884

Ulysses G. Styron Feb.. 1885 Feb.. 1888

Charles A. Baake June. 1885

John Stille "Xov.. 1885 Xov.. 1888

-John S. Westcott June. 1888

Clifton C. Shinn .\'ov.. 1888 I-eb.. 1893

-Geo. A. Bourgeois Xov.. 1889 Xov.. 1892

Carlton Godfrey ....''. .Xov.. 1889

Clarence L. Cole June. 1890 June. 1893

Robert H. Ingersoll .' June. 1890 June, 1895

S. Cameron Hinkle Feb.. 1892 June. 1895

ADOLPH SCHLECHT.

THE ATLANTIC CITY BAR.

^*"" Ai'...Rn'J'v Ctn-NSELLOR

Arthur W. Kelley . . . .' June, i8y2 June, 1895

Harry Wootton -. June, iSf)2 Feb., i8()0

Wm. ^I. Clevenger June, i8(j4 June, 181)7

Louis A. Repetto ....'. June, 1894

Burrows C. Godfre)- . '. June, 1S94 '. . . . Tune, 1897

Robert E. Stejjhany . .' Nov., 1894 Nov., 18(^7

Charles C. Babcock Feb., 1895 Vv\).. iS()8

Enoch A. Higljee . .'. Feb., 18^5

John C. Reed Feb., i8.)5

Henry W. Lewis . . .' Xov., 1895

William 1. Garrison Xov., 1896

James B. Adams Feb., 1897

Clarence Pettit ....'. Feb., 1897 • ■ ■ ■

John C. Sims .....' June, 1897

Eli H. Chandler . . .* Nov., 1897

Albert Darnell Nov., 1897

Lewis T. Bryant . . ^ Feb., 1898

Rodman Corson . . y. Sept., 1899

PROSECUTORS OF THE PLEAS.

1837, July Term. John .Moore White, Atty. ( 'iciil.

1837, October Term, Robert K. Matlack.

1838, .Alarch Term, to 1844, April Term, John II. Harrison and .\l)raliam

Browning, Atty. Cenl.

1844, April Term, to 1846, ^March Term, Richard P. Thompson, .\tty. Genl.

1846, March Term and October Term, Abraham Browning, Atty. Cienl.

1846, December Term, to 1850, June Term. Elias Brognard, with Abraham
Browning and L. Q. C. Elmer, Attv. Genls.. and Robert K. Mat-
lack, occasionally.

1850, June Term, to 1865, .\pril Term, George S. \\'oodhull.

1865, April Term, to 1869, April Term, Alfred Hugg.

1869, April Term, to 1871, April Term, Alexander Sharp.

1871, April Term, to 1873, April Term, William E. Potter.

1873, April Term, to 1878, April Term, Albert H. Slape.

1878, .^pril Term, to 1883, April Term, Alexander Sharp.

1883, April Term, to 1893, A]iril Term, Joseph Thompson.

1893, April Term, to i8f;8, A]iril Term. Samuel F. I'erry.

1898, April Term, to date, Joseph E. P. Aljboit.

BENJAMIN H. BROWN.

THK ATLAXTIC CITY BAR. 59

JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT WHO HELD CIRCUIT.

1837, October Joseph C. Hornhlower.

1838, Alarch to Octol)er "Wm. L. DaytDii.

1839, r^Iar. to Oct.; 1840, April to Oct John Moore White.

1841, October, to 1845, December Daniel Elmer.

1845, December, to 1852, May Thomas P. Carpenter.

1852, May, to 1859, April Lucius Q. C. Elmer.

1859, April Xo circuit judge.

1859. September Peter A'redenburg.

i860, April Edward Whelpley.

i860, September, to 1861, September Wm. S. Clawson.

1861, September John Vandyke.

1861, December Daniel Haines.

1862, April Lucius O. C. Elmer.

1862, September Edward Whelpley.

1862. December Lucius Q. C. Elmer.

1863, April Geo. H. Brown.

1863, September, to 1869, April Lucius O. C. Elmer.

1869, April, to 1875, April Dennett \'ansyckel.

1875, April, to 1895, September \lfred Reed.

1895, September, to date < '-co. C. Ludlow.

COUNTY CLERKS.

Atlantic County, during its early history, was solidly Democratic. Democ-
racy in those days meant government by the people as opposed to the dictum of
the King or his emissaries. The first six county clerks were all Democrats but
one, but the office in those days was of very little account. Abram L. Iszard,
who was appointed to this position by the State Legislature, was a Republican,
or Whig, as that was before the Republican party was born. It was not till 1845
that county clerks were elected by popular vote. The first Republican county
clerk to be elected was Daniel Estell, son of Abram L. Iszard. He was elected
on the ticket with .\braham Lincoln, in i860, and being a young and popular
man had a majority of 137 votes in the county. The business of the office was
trifling then, and he was the first to keep the office open constantly. The founding
of Egg Harbor City and later Hammonton made the keeping of the records a
nuich more extensive occupation. Mr. Iszard became an expert as a search clerk,
and till a recent date has been connected with the office ever since.

The following have served as county clerks since the organization of .Vtlantic
County :

-James H. Collins 1837

-Samuel B. Westcott 1838-39

*Joseph Humphries 1840

JOHN COLLINS.

ATLANTIC COUXTV Ul-I-TCIALS.

"'Abrain L. Iszard i S40-45

Joseph E. Potts 1 845-50

Joseph B. Walker 1850-55

John Ackley 1855-60

Daniel E. Iszard 1860-65

Somers L. Risley 1865-70

Christopher X. Rape i<^70-75

Lorenzo A. Down 1875-85

Lewis Evans 1 885-95

Lewis P. Scott 1895

SHERIFFS.

1850-1852 jnhn I'. Walker.

1852-1855 I lo.ea V. Madden.

1855-1858 Ezra Cordery.

1858-1861 Simon Hanthorn.

1861-1864 Jesse Adams.

1864-1867 Timothy Henderson.

1867-1870 Samuel H. Cavileer.

1870-1873 lulward n. Redman.

1873-1878 Samuel \'. Adams.

1878-1881 Martin Moore.

1881-1884 Isaac Collins.

1884-1887 Charles R. Lacy.

1887-1890 Smith E. Johnson.

1890-1893 Charles R. Lacy.

1893-1896 Smith E. Johnson.

1896-1899 Samuel Kirby.

1899 to/SiS^ Sjnith E. Johnson.

SURROGATES.

Philemijn Dickerson, who \\a^ the Democratic Ciovernor of New Jersey,
1836-1837, on April 7th of his last year, commissioned Julius P. Taylor to be
the first Surrogate of Atlantic County. For reasons nut known, he only .served
till the following October, when John C. Uri.i^i^s succeeded him.

The first official act of Briggs, according to the reords at Mays Landing,
bore date of February 7, 1838, and his last act June o, i.^). The populatiiju and
official business was small at that time.

JOHN LAKE BRYANT.

ATLAXTIC COUXTV OFFICIALS. 03

loseph Thompson, of Thonipsontowii. graiult'atlKr <>{ Maynr juseph TlKiiup-
son, of this city, succeeded Briggs. His first official act bears date uf April 4.
1847, and his last offtcial act "September 9. 1857.

Following him came Solomon R. Devinney, who was surrogate twenty-tive
years, till he was succeeded by John S. Risley. who was electetl in Xovcinber.
1882, and has been twice re-elected since.

COUNTY SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENTS.

ganizcd in New Jersew in
n of County School Super-

Since the present public school system was

1866, the following gentlemen have filled the ])osi

intendents:

Calvin Wright 1867 to 1875

Rev. Geo. B. Wight 1875 to 1877

Silas R. Morse 1877 to 1892

John R. Wilson 1892 to 1895

S. I). Hoffman 1895 to date.

The following gentlemen h
1845:

1845-1847. Joel Adams.
1848-1850. Lewis AT Walker.
1851-1853. Joseph E. Potts.
1854-1856. David B. Somers.
1857-1859. Enoch Cordery.
1860-1862. Thomas E. Morris.
186^-186=;. Samuel Stille.

STATE SENATORS.

rved this county as State Senators since

1866-1868. David S. Blackman.

1 869- 187 1. Jesse Adams.

1 872- 1 874. William Moore.

1875-1877. Hosea F. Madden.

1878-1892. John J. Gardner.
1893-1898. Samuel D. Hoffman.

1899-1901. Lewis Evans.

MEMBERS OF THE ASSEMBLY.

The following gentlemen have represented Atlantic County in the !o\ser

branch of the State Legislature since 1845:
1845-46. Joseph Ingersoll.
1847-49. Mark Lake.
1850-51. Robert B. Risley.

1852. John H. Boyle.'

1853. Thomas D. Winner.

1854. Daniel Townsend.

1855. Nicholas F. Smith.
18^6-57. David Frambes.

1874-75. Lemuel Conover.
1876-77. Leonard H. Ashley.
1878. Israel Smith.
1879-80. James Jefifries.

1881. George Elvins.

1882. Joseph H. Shinn.

1883. John L. Bryant.
1884-8^ Edward North.

LIEUT-COL.' LEWIS T. BRYANT.

ATLAXTIC COUXTV OFFICIALS.

1858. John B. .Madden. 1886-87. James S. Ueckwith.

1859. Thomas E. Morris. 1888. James B. Nixon.
1860-62. Chas. E. P. Mayhew. 1889-90. Shepherd S. Hndson.

1863. John Godfrey. 1891. Smith E. Johnscjn.

1864. Simon Hanthorn. 1 i8t)2. Samuel D. Hoffman.

1865. Simon Lake. I 1893. Charles A. Baake.
1866-67. P. M. Wolsieffer. 1894. Fred. Schuchardt.
1868-69. Jacob Keim. 1895. Wesley C. Smith.
1870-71. Benj. H. Overheiser. 1896-97. JMarcellus L. Jacksoi
\8"2-j2. Samuel H. Cavileer. _ I 1898-99. Leonard PI. Ashley.

I 1900. Charles T. Abbott.

THE LAY JUDGES OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

In its early history, Atlantic County, like the other counties, had three courts
which arc usually considered the county's own exclusive tribunals, viz: The
Court of Common Pleas, the Court of Quarter Sessions of the peace, and the
Orphans" Court. These were modeled orig'inally after the courts of the Province
of \\'est Jersey, which in their turn were adopted, with some modifications, from
the courts of England.

The composition of the three courts was, the same as to-day, identical, that is,
the same judges held all three courts. This fact often causes considerable con-
fusion in the mind of the layman, with little or no knowledge of their jurisdictions,
when he sees one court transform itself into another with small formality. Orig-
inally these courts were held by all the justices of the peace of the county, or any
three or more of them.

These courts were always near and dear to the hearts of the people, and w^ere
held in high esteem. The judges, originally the local justices of the peace, and
afterwards appointees from the county, usually men of importance and high
standing in their community, made their intimate acquaintance and close knowl-
edge of the people and affairs of the county of great advantage in the adminis-
tration of local affairs. In the early days, practically all the litigation was con-
ducted in these courts. The office of judge in those days carried with it con-
siderable dignity.

The new constitution of 1844 made a change by providing that there should
be no more than five judges, who were to be appointed by the governor. This
arrangement continued until 1855, when an act of the legislature reduced the
number of judges to three. After this period, the feeling began to arise in the
niiire populous communities that important matters of litigation, such as fre-
quently arose in these courts, were entitled to be passed upon and the procedure
conducted by judges who were learned in the law. As a result, in some of the
upper counties, president judges, who wore to be counsell(jrs at law. were pro-

JOHN T. FRENCH.

LA\- JL-U(;i-:S. 67

vided for by the legi.-latui-c. It was scion found that the- ])rosidcnt nr law jndire
was in fact the court, and by reason of his superior learnins;- in the law, took the
responsibility and decided all legal questions.

The lay element was still represented by the two other judjjes, as the people
still held to the idea that the ends of justice would be best subserved by havin.^:
'in the bench some representatives of and from the laity, as distinguished from
the bar, on the principle that this element of the l>ench might temper and miti-
gate the rigors of the strict interpretation of tlic law, by the application of sound
common sense and equity, from the standpoint of the common people. The
sentiment continued to grow, however, that the proper person to administer the
law is one who knows the law, or who at least has made it his study and profes-
sion. In accordance with this idea, additional acts were passed constituting law
judges in the various counties.

In 1889 it was enacted by the legislature that Atlantic County should have
two lay judges and one law judge, to be appointed by the Governor, the number
of lay judges then in office to continue until reduced to two by expiration of office
of one of them. Under this act, no appointment was made until 1893, when the
term of Lay Judge Joseph Scull expired. Joseph Thompson was then appointed
law judge for five years. The lay judges who then sat with him were Wilson
Senseman, of Atlantic City, and Richard J. Byrnes, of Hammonton.

In 1895, another law was enacted, which was the final blow to the lay element
in the county courts, by abolishing it entirely and constituting the law judge
the whole Court of Common Pleas, Quarter Sessions and Orphans' Court. Tliis
particular act was the next year declared unconstitutional, but another was im-
mediately passed which avoided the objectionable features of the first one. The
lay judges, unwilling to relinquish their hold upon the dignity and perquisites
of the office and thus be cast into a condition of innocuous desuetude, with the
empty title of "ex-Judge," representing nothing but reminiscences of by-gone
glory, stubbornly fought the act through the highest courts on the question of
constitutionality, but were finally beaten, and the act was affirmed.

The following is a list of those w^ho have served as Lay Judges of Atlantic
County, with the date of the first appearance of their names on the records of
the Orphans' Court:

Joseph Garwood 1838

Benjamin Wetherby 1838

Edmund Taylor 1838

Jesse H. Bowen 1838

John Estell 1838

Lewis M. Walker 1838

John C. Abbott 1840

Daniel Baker 1841

Isaac Smith 1841

Jacob Adams 1843

Wm. Westcott 1844

DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

Mahlon D. Caiificld 1843

Thomas Parsons 1844

Jacob Godfrey 1844

John Endicott 1844

Philip Imlay 1845

Enoch Doiio^hty 1849

William j\Ioore 18:^0

A. L. Iszard 1850

Joel Adams 18:; i

Geo. A. Walker 1854

Joseph Endicott i8s4

John H. Doughty

George Wheaton

Edward T. JMcKean 1870

David B. Somers 1857 to 1872

Simon Hanthorne 1870 to 1875

John Godfrey 1872

David S. Blackman 1875 to 1880

Richard J. Byrnes 1877 to 1896

Enoch Cordery 1877 to 1891

Joseph Scull 1880 to 1895

Wilson Sensenian 1891 to 1896

ammonton.

5(") THE traveler, speediiis^- from the "Great Metropolis," via the South Jersey
R. R. to the sea, after passing throtigh the dreary, dusty ^vaste of saml.
scrub-oaks and stunted pines, scorched by the vertical sun and seared by
the demon fire, the billciw}' expanse of Inid .-md lilossom. nr receding pyra-
mids of golden blusliing fruit of ilanmionton. seems like a favored glimpse of
fabled Hesperides.

To the sturdy sons of New England, fleeing from its ice-lxmnd winters, this
verdant spot of earth, with its genial climate, its balmy sea-born winds, liearing
the healthful fragrance of sixty miles of pine and cedar, its flowers, fruits and
prolific soil, must have seemed like paradise. So in the early fifties, they came,
like the second pilgrim fathers, to make the wilderness of South Jersey blossom
like the rose, infusing new life, new blood and new enterprise into a district
which had commenced to feel the loss of industries, crowded out by those of
greater magnitude, and which were to make such a radical change — an industrial
revolution — which, like the magician's wand, was to turn the sandy stageway
into a road of steel, the forests and neglected fields into flourishing fruit farms,
the hamlets into thriving villages, and to hang upon the wave-kissed shore the
gem city of the world.

For the advent of the railroad had destroyed the wheel-traftic between the
shore and the Delaware, and in prophetic dreams, the carter, the Jehu of the
stage-coach and mine host of the "White Horse," the "Blue Anchor," and a
hundred other inns which appealed to the tired traveler, saw their "occupation
gone," while the opening up of the iron and coal fields extinguished the fires of
the bog-furnaces and charcoal pits, and the glass factories sought more favorable
locations near the great centres of trade, and in the inevitable readjustment of
their existing conditions the foreign and domestic trade of the Xew Jersey coast
was driven to the greater ports of commerce.

Their coming was like a new lease of life to the "Old Town," whose land
titles ran back to the days of Charles H., and whose soil had been pressed by
the patriots of the Revolution, in throwing ofi the yoke and claims of that same
England over which he once reigned. From Charles H. to the Duke of York,
from York to Berkeley and Carteret, from Carteret to Fenwick and Byllinge,
from Byllinge to the West Jersey Proprietors, from these to Shoemaker. Ash-
bridge, Robinson and Ball, to Richards, to Griffith, to Coates, to Coffin, and
from the last to his two sons. John Hammond, from whom the town of Ham-
monton was named, and Edward ^^'inslow Coffin, was a chain of real estate
(69)

HON. RICHARD J. BYRNES.

I STORY OI

AMMOXTO:

transactions, cxtcndino- dvlt nearly two Innidrcil years, from 1(1^4 to
can remember seeing, nearly forty years a,e:o, the rotting piling, tlu' hn
sheds and the unquestionable remains of the "white man's abode" on the
Harbor road, where it crosses the head of the lake, and where tratliti
the oldest inhabitant's home; but be it true or false, the "Irishman"
and the "whiskey"' remains. There were many houses in and arou
nionton previous to 1850, but the wheel of the "old mill" at the lake
William Cofifin in 1812, had ceased to turn: the furnace fires of the gla
Iniilt by the same enterprising descendant of the Xantucket Yankee,
out: the rotten posts and crumbling stones of their foundations alone
over which the lizards ran or warmed themselves in the noon-day sun

1844.

.,ken ,

ot-

( )l.l 1

-Rg

on 1)1;

ces

has g

ine

nd il:

un-

. built

iss wo

•ks.

had g

remaii

ed.

. A I

lile

' cars

ID J. BYRNES' RESIDENCE

of sunshine and storm, told on their crumbling head-stones the abbreviated his-
tory of those who broke the primeval wilderness into fields of plenty, and who
reared the temple to the God in whose bosom they long had laid at rest. On
this foundation, and with the blessing which nature abundantly showered upon
them, the pioneers of 1850 built up the thriving village of to-day, labored and
struggled that their children and children's children might enjoy the fruit of
their industry, nourished by their brawn and watered by the sweat of their brows.
Many of them, too, have passed away, but their works and memories remain.

To Judge Richard J- Byrnes, more than to any other individual, is due the
success and growth of Hanmionton, from 1856, when as a young Philailelphia

CYRUS F. OSGOOD.

HISTORY UK HA.MMOXTOX. 73

banker, in partnership with Charles K. Landis, he opened up this section to set-
tlers, and by liberal terms and advertising made known far and wide tiie many
advantages of soil and climate until the present writing, honored and res])ected
by his townsmen, he still is identified and interested in its welfare. It would he
tedious to enumerate all who have contributed to this happy consummation, and
an injustice to the memory and endeavors of those on whose shoulders was Ijorne
the first burden, to omit their naiues. Capt. A. Somerby, George M^ers, .Sr.,
Capt. C. J. Fay, Dr. Joseph H. North, Sr., Thomas and Henry Wetherbee, (ierry
Valentine, Henry Pressey, Judge E. F. McKean, H. F. Crowell, Asher Moore,
Henry S. Ferris, Capt. Burgess, Capt. Davie, George Miller, and others, of which
want of space prevents the mention. In those early da}s the station i>i the
newly built Camden and Atlantic R. R. was located at what is now called
Da Costa, named from John C. Da Costa, one of the early Directors and after-
wards President of the road, and the land ofifice of Byrnes and Landis was in
the Old Coiifin Mansion, at the lake, part of which was built in iSu. and which
still stands on the right hand of the road as it crosses the dam. The old company
store stood between the house and the lake, backed by a beautiful grove of stately
oaks, where the village lads and maidens picknicked under their spreading bough,-,
and celebrated with the older generations the Nation's birthday.

.■iM^jPwppi

PMHpi^K^ ' '-i* ' '"-''■'. S

HAMMONTON LAKE.

For miles around the natives came to the old store to purchase provender,
to swap stories and to fish for pickerel and catfish along the shore of the pond

DR. JOSEPH H. NORTH. SR.

Ill

MAMMON

and l)(.'lu\\ tlu- (lain, llcri- tarried llic towering; loads <if lia> cut from iho salt
iiiarslies near the crest and scowcd up the .MiiUica to I'leasant Mills. Here
stopped the clam and fish vender, whose melodious voice waked the echoes of
man\ a silent lane from Ahsecon to Caiuden, and once alontj- and over the little
stream the colonial forces passed to I'hestnut Xeck. I'.y there the old sta,L;e ran.

Saturday, and hack aj^ain Thursdays antl Mondays, and this was the tirst mail
route of the early days, and from the old store the mail was delivered as late as
1859. Captain Kiml)all and his staj;e-coach are within my recollections, old
Judg-e I'orter and his famous Macks have not ]i;issed from m\ nienior\ . ;ind the
old family carriage of the Richards of r.ai.--to. hea\ \ and .-.mihre. is noi fori^otten.

villan;e. and over uho.-e sh(jrt counter youn- Lew l-'.v;ins. now the handxune
Staid State Senator, passed tickets in exchange for coin of the realm, for so n
years has passed away, only the memories of the wonderful ticker, the rush
whirl of a passing express or excursion, and the advent of a new arrival in ti
impressed upon the brain of a freckled bare-foot boy remain. It is a long -
from the Hogs-head to the modern brick depot, from the old Delano Hotel,
its long porch and flat roof, to the commodious and comfortable Hotel R(
from Robinson's little cobbling shop on Third street to the bustling factor
Osgood & Co., from the tallow dips to the electric lights which hang like .
along the highways and byways.

DR. EDWARD NORTH.

;v uF

AM.\1

Previous to 185^ the preacher made his weekly visit, and the doctor, when
needed, was called from Haddontield. Dr. Joseph H. North. Sr., was the tirst
local physician, coming from Maine in 1858. The first church, in which also
was held the first school, was built probably about the time \\'illiam Coffin came
from (ireen Bank to build and operate the saw mill for John Coates, for there
his children were educated. It was located off the old Waterford road, near the
Minor Rogers farm, later a school house was built nearer the lake, which was
torn down to make room for the present brick l^uilding, Hammonton now has
seven cluirches and five school houses, the central or high school a lieautiful and

til 11 -toUf- ot -Ueee-s

SMITH'S RESIDENCE,

Hammonton has had its "characters" and its legends; as a boy I once got a
glimpse into the lockers and chests of an old woman, whose husband was said
to have been a smuggler. Laces, velvets and silks fit for a duchess, and these in
an old house miles from neighbors, and where at that time bears roamed at large.

So, too, the "haunted house" figured in its annals, just across the dam,
where the weeping willows shade the unruffled surface of the lake, stood a weath-
er-stained, unfinished building, long the aliode of an eccentric biped whose long
hair and doubtful title of "Dr." frightened the children and made sceptical the
would-be credulous. It was also the abode of strange sounds and weird sights,
but time and the disappearance of the canny owner has exercised the uneasy
spirits that roamed througli its dust}', empty hall.-.

THOMAS J. SMITH

HISTORY Ol' IIAM.MOXTDX. 7'.>

A famous character of tho.-^e days was Wesley I'.iuUleii, one of God's un-
fortunates, as we were prone to think, but who read the book of Nature nearer
right, perhaps, than we who congratulated ourselves on having more sense.
Six feet in his bare feet — for he seldom wore boots or shoes — straight as an
Indian and with the Indian's acuteness in forest lore, he knew' every foot of
land from the Delaware to the forks of the Mullica, every pickerel haiuit from
Atsion to the "Penny Pot,'' ever}- rabbit run and quail ground in Camden or
Atlantic Counties. Of Quaker dcscnit, hut Methodist by profession, he could
lead a choir or ofifer prayer, and no canip-nieeting was complete without "John
Wesley." He was the reincarnation of Cooper's "Deerslayer," simple, honest,
(_;od-fearing, and many a lonely housewife felt safer by his presence and richer
l)y a string of shining pickerel or a plump rabbit, and many a child happier by his
friendly face and quaint stories. He knew the names and histories of every
one for miles around, and every legend from the finding of the "pot of pennies,"
which gave the name to his favorite fishing stream. In the ghostly flame that led
belated travellers into the morasses of its endless swamps.

If he be dead, may some kind hand have soothed his last moments and cut
upon his tombstone the word "Faithful." I have before me a "pass," signed
by SherifT Sam Adams, to witness the execution of Hill and Fullen, for the
nuirder of old man Chislett. Well do I remcnibcr the excitement when the news
i>f this dastardly crime reached the ipiiet little \-illage, and the hours -pent by
the men and boys, with shot-gun and rifle, searching the thickets ot Little Egg
Harbor swamps for the fugitives. In the same swamps during the Civil War a
number of deserters and bounty-junipe^rs livetl, making nightly raids on the
chicken coops and larders of the surrounding farmers, and bringing terror to the
women folks and children. At that time "Tar Kiln Xeck" was as safe for a
stranger after dark as would have been the White Chapel in London or Se\-en
Points in New York.

The mystery surrounding the disappearance of William Clark, who lived on
the New Columbia road in a small cabin a mile or so below the lake, has never
been explained, though it is believed he was murdered and his body thrown into
the well near the cabin and removed before the slow hand of authority had time
to investigate. Years before an old woman of eighty had disappeared in a like
manner. It was said she had wandered to the swamp not far from home, but
though they were searched by the whole male jKjpulation of the town for a week,
day and night, no clue was ever found.

Hammonton, too, has entertained its quota of celebrities, Charlotte Cush-
man, the great American actress, owned many acres lying to the north of the
town, and her agent, Col. Obertypher. a Hungarian exile and friend of Kossuth,
there for a time made his home. Samuel Wylie Crawford, the hero of Cedar
Mountain and Crigadier-General. was ])rincipal of the High School for one term.
Patriot, soldier and scholar, he is well remembered by those whose fortune it
was to listen to his instruction. Solon Robinson, Bishop Odenheimer, Moses
Ballou, Ada Clare, the "Queen of Bohemia," whose tragic death ended a pic-

80 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

turesque life: Selma Borg, Edward Howland and Marie, his wife, whose enter-
taining articles ran for so many years through Harper's Magazine; James M.
Peebles, the scholar, traveler and author, and last but not least among many
others, Doctor Bartholet. the "old man statuesque," whose classic lore made
him as much sought after in the study and drawing-room as did his herculean
frame and patriarchal brow in the studio of the artist. His portrait in the
Academy of h'ine Arts of Philadelphia, shows a subject who would have brought
delight to the heart of the old Dutch masters.

Hammonton has been the theme of "Poem and Story." There lived and
sung William Hoppin, a bard of no mean calibre, whose fine poetic nature de-
served a better fate than Fortune cast around his untimely death. In the story
"Bunker Hill to Chicago," Eloise Randall Richberg has drawn many of the
scenes and characters from the little town which was so long her home. There
lived Libbie Canfield, the dark-eyed, raven-haired beauty, who became the wife
of Brigham Young, Jr. There died Dr. James North, the skillful dentist, the
friend of Baron Stein and the Arch Duke Charles, of Austria.

The past has been kind to the namesake of John Hammond Coffin, what
the future has in store is a sealed book which is not in my power, nor is it my
province to open.

DR. JAMES NORTH.

^atsto.

"TW PATHETIC as well as poetic story is tliat nf the rise and decadence of
§^ the village of Batsto. Let others exi)lain the philosoiihy of the strange
J I industrial changes of the past century. Liatsto, in the language of the
Indians who knew the place well, means a bathing place. It is situated
in Burlington County, at the head of navigation, on the northerly bank of the
Mullica or Little Egg Harbor river. The Indian name of this stream was Minne
lo la, which signifies Little \\'ater. This place was knowu in the olden times as
the Forks of the Little Egg Harbor. Here four streams or forks unite to form the
large river which flows thirty miles into Great Bay and the ocean. With the towns
along the river for many years there was extensive commerce with Xew York
and other seaports. The iron, glass, wood, timber and charcoal from the Jersey
villages were transported to market in ships built by the workers in wood and
iron from adjacent forests and exchangetl fiir groceries and supplies rec|uire(l 1)\-
the sturdy inhabitants.

The Batsto river, Atsion river, Xesco or Jackson creek, and West Mill creek
were cjuite considerable streams in the earlier days, before forest fires had de-
voured the herbage and vegetation that covered the swamps and woodlands and
held back in Nature's own good way, the floods which now so cjuickTy find the
channels and disappear, leaving a denuded, almost desert region on all sides.
Forty years and more ago there was ample water power on any of these streams
to drive a mill any month in the year, while now by means of dams and canals
four united streams are hardly suiificient for the Pleasant Z^Iills paper mill during
dry seasons.

Batsto and Pleasant ]\Iills are practically une village with bridges over these
rivers uniting them. Forty years ago fully a thousand people found work and
hapiiy homes there, where one-fifth of that number now struggle for a livelihood.

Ten years before the Declaration of Independence the first iron furnace was
started at Batsto. It was the second one to be started in the State, the first being
up in Warren County. Batsto was then the property of one Israel Pemberton,
and was known as Whitcomb Manor. It was sold to Charles Reed, a relative by
marriage, and then consisted of several thousand acres. Col. John Knox suc-
ceeded Reed as owner in 1767. and Thomas Mayberry succeeded Knox the fol-
lowing year. Later it became the jiroperty of Joseph Ball, a wealthy Quaker of
Philadelphia, who owned land in several states. He paid $275,000 for Batsto
and developed the bog iron works there during the Revolution. Iron cannon,

COL. WILLIAM RICHARDS.

THE RISK AXD DI-:CADK.\C'

BATSTl

shot and shfll were cast then.- and the place l)ccainc imc of cc
qlR-ncc to the colonists. A detachment of the Urili^h lleet w ,
the ])lace and the battle of Sweetwater was the C(in>ei|uence.

( )ne of the stalwart men who, conmiissicined as (.dlniK-l
ins'ton distin-nished service in the lersevs. was William Rid

^^^^^^^^^^^£i^""^^^*^'"aai^''MtBBB

til llatsto as nianag:er for
Joseph Ball, his nephew.
1 !e was one of the six uncles
and six aunts who later in-
herited the Hall estate. He
was a man of wonderful
energy and enterprise, and
soon became sole owner and
lived like a prince. He
l)r()U,L;lit in inuiiii^rants. de-
built up the otate and
reared a lari^e familv. He-

iE RICHARDS I

Willi,

■!-',V 1^

tore tlie dea
Richanls. in

oldest son, succeeded the father as master of the manor, and he ruled llatsto as
his father had done with great energy and success for thirty years, enlarged the
estate and made it exceedingly prosperous. From the big house, which still
stands, he could survey a thriving village whose people were employed in the
manufacture of iron, glass, pottery, huuber. farming and ship-building, ."^hade
trees were planted along the four streets of the village and an assembly of ha])py
homes and miles of farm and woodland were the wealth of Jesse Richards. From
his own store and mills he supplied his people and was loved and honored as a kind

and worthy master. In person he was very large ami

powerful, weighing close to three hundred pound.;,
and full of enterprise and good nature. The large farms
made larger by the wood choppers and the charci lal
burners yielded bountifully of all kinds of fruits and
grains, and the several mills were kept busy making
Hour, feed and lumber of the products of the woods
and fields. Batsto, in the heart of South Jerse}', was a
picture of peace, plenty and happiness for many
years. But the development of railroads and steam
power, the discovery of anthracite coal in Pennsylvania and the opening

TOMB OF JESSE RICHARDS.

tlie

iron nunes there and the advantages to manutacturers ot proxmu
cities, had a fatal effect upon the bog iron industr\- in and about Batst

In 1848

JESSE RICHARDS.

THE RISK AXl) DKCADF.XCi-: OF BATSTO.

the tires in the I'.atsto furnaces were allowed to die out and they were never a,t,^ain
relighted. This was a severe Jilow to Jesse Richards, who died six years later, in
1854, aged seventy-two vears. Xear the old church in the village a costly marble

monument marks his last
rcsiing place, on which
Ihe words -I'.cl.ived, ll..n-
'ired. Mourned." are a tit-
ling epitaph for this re-
markable man.

Three sons. Tlmma--
1 I., Sanuiel and b'sse. and
iliree daughters. inlierite('
I lie large estate. The sons
were the e.xectitors. Thev

THE RICHARDS YARD

iotl. New inventions and cor
perity of Batsto. They
Stewart, and resided in
Xew York agency serious-
ly affected the estate, and
they were induced to sell
thirty thousand acres of
their lands. Workmen at
times failetl of their wages
as the clouds of disaster
gathered over this once
happy village. Later the
fires in the glass furnaces
went out and the bus}' vil-
lage of half a century was
idle. Efforts were made
by the residents to again
start up the fires, but the
com])etition and advan-
tages of other places could
not be met successfully.
Batsto gradually ceased to
who sold tons of pork and

le w ith the great indus-
d changes of that per-
s effect upon the pros-
1 manager, Robert
losses through the

OLD CORN-CRIB AND uR.tJ V.^L.

■ the ni

arke

-place for the farmers alxnit .Mt.

lb. 11

oduce

lere

luring the prosperous years. 1 h

e mil

ION. BENJAMIN W. RICHARDS.

THE

AND Dl-.CADI

i;a'

E ABOVE THE ROAD.

were idle, and the houses and foundr\- l)ec;an to cruniljle and tlie canals in ciit)ke
up and go to ruin. A few of the old families still lingered, occu|)\ing the liahilalile
houses, finding employment in the coalings or chopping wood. The "I'.ig I louse"
was enipt_\- at last. Xo member (if the Richards family remained there. ( )ne of

the (laughters had marrie.l

Judge liicknell of ( )hio: an-
other had been buried on
the hillside by the. .Id church.
while the third had married
a Confederate officer and
ived in the South.

On the night of Febru-
iry 2^, 1874, a spark from
:himney of Robert Stew-
u't's house set fire to the
Iwelling- and spread to other
louses and buildings and
aid Batsto in ashes. It is
now but a suggestion of its
former self, a deserted coun-
try village. Mortgages had
accumulated against the property and the Court at Alt. Holly had given Robert
Stewart a mortgag-e against it for $20,000, and smaller amounts to other parties.
In 1876, at a Master's sale, on a mortgage for $14,000, which had been running
since 1845, Joseph ^^'harton of Philadelphia, purchased the Batsto estate of about
100 square miles. Mr. Wharton expended thousands of dollars in the improve-
ment of propert)-, repairing the buildings, clearing up the farms, planting hedges,
building miles of roads, cultivating cranberry bogs, and restoring the attractive-
ness of the estate. The "Big House" was very much enlarged and improved to
the extent of over $40,000. It is a niddel country mansion, standing on a sightly
knoll overlooking the lake and village, surr<;iunded by grand old shade trees. It
contains 36 rooms and is surmounted by a tower 116 feet from the ground. The
dining room is finished in ash. the parlor in cherry and walnut and a large old-
fashioned stairway in oak. heavily carved, leads from the spacious hallway to the
floors above. Every room is provided with hot and cold water. There are marble
top washstands and several bath rooms. ( )n the fourth floor is a billiard room.
The walls are beautifully frescoed and the mansion is fit to entertain the President
and his cabinet. From the ample porch one may see the carp pond just below
the road where for years the old iron furnace stood, the beautiful lake to the right
and above the dam and road, and to the left the stone grist mill, corn crib, the
old stone store and stables and cattle sheds. What a lively ])aniirania of past
scenes do these substantial buildings and this grand estate suggest! .Mr. Whar-
ton has since jnu-chased other lands and is probably the lar-c^t frcehnhkr in the
State of Xew Jerse}-.

DAILY UXION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

With the decadence of general agriculture and the extinction of old-time
industries at Batsto, the growing of cranl^erries for a number of years has been
receiving considerable attention. Augustus Richards, twenty odd years ago, was
one of the first to engage extensively in cranberry culture at Batsto. The wild

berry abounds in the swamps and foi
}ears has been gathered by the hundreds
of bushels. Swamps have been drained
and cleared up and hundreds of acres
added to the cultivated area and the cran-
hcrr\- made a very important product oi
this section. It is estimated that not less
than fifty thousand bushels of wild and
cultivated berries were harvested from
tlic varinus bogs and swamps of the
W'hartun tract during the season of 1S98.
Xaturalh- a large portion of the resi-

STORE AND LAWN , - , . ' .

dents ot this territory are not property
owntis ihtu income is parth obtained as day laborers and more largelv derived
from the harvest of the wild huckleberry, which is even more abundant through-
out the woods and swamps than the wild : cranberry. The- huckleberry season
lasts from the first of June till the middle nf Sc])tcni1)cr. and hundreds of people
gather enough of these wild berries to pay their entire huusclnild expenses. Men,
women and children scour the swamps for them, expert pickers gathering a bushel
a day each. This fruit of the Jersey swamps finds a ready market and is sent away
by the carload. Requiring no capital to become a huckleberry picker hundreds
of people make a comfortable living from this great natural
privilege of the wild lands.

The old iron plate bearing the date of the original
building of the Batsto furnace, and its rebuilding twici
is still in existence and is treasured as a relic by ]Mr. B. \\
Richards, at his office in Philadelphia. This plate f. u
years was a conspicuous mark on the last stmie furnaor,
and was saved from the ruins when the furnace \\a-~ di'--
mantled.

« V,/-^ w

port Republic.

•L " HE first settlement in what is n(i\v known as Atlantic t;onnty, was made
\S) at Chestnut Xeck. on the west bank of the Mullica river, near where
-|- the village of Port Republic is now locateil.

In 1637 John Mullica sailed up the river that took his name, landiui;-
at Chestnut Neck, Green Bank and Sweetwater (now Pleasant Mills): from thence
he journeyed across country to Mullica Hill, where he settled, lived and died.
The river and the town still bear the name of the first explorer of this section
of New Jersey. He reported the country a vast wilderness, inhabited by Indians;
the forest luxuriant in wild grapes and nuts; the waters teeming with fish, geese,
ducks and sea birds. Here on the beach sands the sea birds laid their eggs and
reared their young. The presence of large numbers of eggs gave the place the
name of Egg Harbor in after years.

The Manahawkin, Shamong and Xacut tribes of the Delaware (Lcni Lcnapcs)
nation of Indians lived along the Mullica; at peace with the white settlers for
more than a century before the last remnant of the finest type and most powerful
nation of the Aborigines of the Western Continent retreated ominously toward
the setting sun. There is no record or tradition of any massacres or treachery by
the peace-loving Lenapes in this section of New Jersey. Tamanend. their be-
loved prophet and chief, loved peace and justice and he instilled these sentiments
into the hearts of his tribes.

Many of the first settlers were the peace-loving Quakers, who dealt fairly and
with justice w-ith the Indians. Their lands were bought, and when the last of
the tribes moved west they received pay for their remaining territory.

In 1676 the province of West Jersey (the Mullica river was the dividing line
between East and West Jersey) passed under the control of William Penn. The
liberal code of laws instituted by Penn induced four hundred families of Friends
to settle in the Province the first year. .Many families in Atlantic County trace
their lineage to these first Quaker families. The Leeds were Quakers. .\ Friends
Society was organized and a meeting house built about this time near Leeds
Point. This old meeting house has since been converted into a store and dwelling.

In 1776, when the Independence of the colonies was proclaimed. Chestnut
Neck was the largest village on the New- Jersey coast — a trade centre — vessels
making regular trips to Xew York, taking out a cargo of lumber, fish, furs and
agricultural products and returning with i^roxisions and the mail. In that year

(ENRY DISSTON.

Families b

• the

names

r. r.R

wcr.

Smal

wood.

. r.ur

K-tt,

Aice-

(lliini.

Xccl

(n.i

V \'n

•t Re-

h Knolaiid

heoa

n, the

1 the

aurd

• sett

ers of

r cnni

iiaiK

of t

iptaiii

)ank 1

f the

ri\er

helow

SKETCH UF l^iJKT REPUBLIC. SI

Patrick AlcCoUum and Micajah Smith, having- olnair.ed a charter from the Kiu};-

of England, began building the mill dam across Xacut creek at Port Republic

and erected mills for sawing lumber and grinding corn.

of Matliis. Johnson. l!ell. Collins. Soo\-. Giberson. Turnt

Miller, Bowen. Adams. Leech. Trench. Iligliee. Smitl

and Martin had settled at or in the \icinity of Che.-tmv

public).

\\'hen indeiH-ndence was declared and hostilities wi
spirit of patriotism and lo^ e of liliert}- fired the hearts u
this section. A company of volunteers was formed, undt
John'son. and a crude sand fort constructed on the south 1
the village of Chestnut Xeck, Another company of Rangers had lieen formed
with Captain Baylin in commanil. at the forks of the river, below Pleasant Mills.
Dr. Richard Collins, who was the tirst resident physician of Atlantic County.
joined the Continental Army as a surgeon. Jack Fenton, of the Continent,-''
Army, was dispatched by Gen. Washington to this neighborhood as a scout, firs'
to assist Capt. Baylin in exterminating the renegades who were plundering
throughout the settlements, and later to reconnoitre for British expeditions that
might be sent against Chestnut Neck, which now had become an important post.
The British were in possession of Philadelphia and Xew York, and Washington,
with his bare-footed, half famished army of patriots was between these two centres
of trade with no means of obtaining supplies excepting from the sparsely settled
countrj- district. It was at this time that supplies were brought into the harbor
at Chestnut Xeck, in vessels from the .South, and conveyed by wagon trains across
the State to the Continental .\rni\ , then at \'alley Forge. Cannon balls were
moulded of bog iron ore at ( )1(1 ( doucester furnace and at Batsto, for use in the
American Army. The harbor being landlocked and secluded by the forest, made
it an excellent and safe rendezvous for prize vessels captured by American pri-
vateers. There were thirty of these prize vessels in the harbor, beside the mer-
chantmen, when the battle of Chestnut Xeck was fought.

In the spring of 1778, a renegade by the name of MuUiner, acted as a IJritish
spy and gave such information to the British that Gen. Burgoyne sent an expe-
tition, eight hundred strong, against Chestnut Xeck. Jack Fenton, the scout,
learned of the expedition and sent a messenger to the camp of Gen. Washington,
who dispatched Count Pulaski from Red Bank to the X^eck to check the move-
ment. During a terrific rain storm, on the 12th of April, 1778, the British came
into Little Egg Harbor Inlet and proceeded up Great Bay and the Mullica river.
When the storm ceased and the fog lifted the I'.ritish were within gun shot of the
village. The volunteers opened fire from their sand fort and continued the fight
until their scant supply of ammunition was exhausted, when they retreated Ijefore
greatly superior numbers, covering the women and children, who fled to the
woods, and firing from tree t(j tree. Tradition tells us that the last shot was fired
by Capt. Johnson, from behind a tree, and killed a British officer who was lead-
ing his men up the river bank. The British burned all the vessels in the harbor.

ALBERT M. JORDAN.

SKETCH OF I'URT RRPUBI.IC. it:!

plundered and burned the village and ravaged all the surrounding eountry, taking
cattle, provisions and whatever valuables they found from the settlers.

While a portion of the British were plundering, a detachment of regulars
were sent against Sweetwater, where Captain Baylin's Rangers were located.
The "red coats" camped for the night in a pine grove along the river road. Jack
Fenton.the scout, followed their trail, located their camp and hastened to Sweet-
water to apprise Capt. Ba_\din, who immediately broke camp and marched down
the river road to meet the enemy. In a ra\ine he halted, and taking a ])art of his
command to the top of a hill, anil placing the scout in command of the others
in the thickets by the roadside, Capt. Ba\lin ;ind lii^ lirave patriots, although
greatly inferior in numbers, lay inipatientl\- awaiting the coming of the enemy.
The sun had not yet pierced the heav\" fog that hung over the valley when the
sound of martial music reached their ears, and soon the steady tramp of the King's
regulars appeared in sight. Not until they were directly opposite did the order
from the scout ring out "fire!" And instant!}- a \-olley was poured into the
enemy's ranks, followed closely by another \olley from Capt. Baylin's men. So
unexpected was the attack that the British ranks were broken, and taking ad-
vantage of their consternation the patriots with a yell rushed out into the high-
way and pursued the retreating enemy. Once the British Captain attempted to
rally his men in the narrow highway, but after a skirmish they again broke ranks
and retreated, hotly pursued by the .Americans. Arriving at the Neck they found
their comrades making a hasty embarkation, for Pulaski was coming with his
command of Continentals. So enraged was the fiery Pole at the wanton destruc-
tion by the British that he collected what vessels he could from Bass river and
gave chase. So closely did he pursue them that one of the British vessels, which
had run aground on the Range in Great Bay, was set on fire to save her from
falling into the hands of the Americans. The others got safely out of the inlet
and Pulaski's boats not being large enough for the open sea, he gave up the chase.

Mulliner was captured by the scout, convicted and hung as a spy. Their
leader gone the renegades left this section of the country. Jack Fenton was
transferred to the Southern division and was killed in the battle of Camden, S. C.

Thus the first settlers of Atlantic County suffered the loss of their homes,
their cattle and provisions. Onlv three rebuilt at the Xeck, the others moved back
to Gravelly Landing, on Xacut creek, and built the first dwellings, where now is
the village of Port Republic.

Ax Er-\ of Prosperity.

After the close of the War of the Revolution, when the English army had
been withdrawn; when peace had been declared; when the young Republic had
been established; when Washington had been elected and inaugurated President,
an era of great prosperity dawned upon the hitherto struggling colonists. They
were now a free and independent people and stimulated by the advantages of a
liberal government, they went to work with a will and an ambition which only
a people living under a free, independent Republic possess. The forests were con-

E. H. MADDEN, M.D.

u- t

iiiihiM-

lot

,1 ;,„,,,^-

towns

\. innmi-

1)1(1

brick

Main

Jonas

1 th

at are

SKF.TCH oi- r(_)RT ki-.rrni.ic.

verted into fertile farms, streams were danmied. saw mill,> erected ai

converted into lumber. Xew settlers came in and towns were bnil

composed of frail shanties, bm substantial dwellings of the sjiacion^

tive colonial style of architecture. Many of these buildings stand V

ments to the prosperity and comfort of the people a century ago.

dwelling, built by John Endicott at the drawbridge, the old mans

street, built bv Nicholas \'an Sant, and the lirick store at tlie dam. 1

Miller at Port Republic are among the colonial buildings a centnrv

still tenanted and have been preserved as landmarks of a more substantial age.

The vast swamps of cedar along the Mullica river and its tributaries were
valuable for house building, and the giant oak forests were valuable for ship
building. Lumbering became an important industry, and a line of trading
schooners made regular trips between Gravelly I^anding and Manhattan mow
New^ York City). Many \essels were built here at the A'an Sant ship vards. of
which there were tliree. and some of the finest ami fleetest in the coasting trade
were built here.

Farming paid well in these da\s, and the agriculturists found a ready sale
for their produce, potatoes, wheat, corn, rye. barley, beef, pork, and wool among
the lumbemien, carpenters, fishermen and hotel proprietors. Clothing was luade
from home-spun wool, woven by the fair hands of the village daughters. There
was then no tariff and no shoddy clothing. Silver was coined free the saiue as
gold, both were freely circulated. Money was plenty, times were prosperous. So
the village of Gravelly Landing grew into a tow n. and an important trading post.
After the burning of Chestnut Neck by the British, in 1777, the residents, fearing
a recurrence at some future time, moved back on the Nacut creek and were new-
residents of Gravelly Landing. A post ofifice w'as established, with James Hat-
field as the first postmaster. He was succeeded by James Endicott. A stage line
was established to Philadelphia and the mail arrived and departed once a week.
The arrival and departure of this overland mail coach, with its driver in braided
hair, cocked hat, knee breeches and buckled shoes, loudly blowing a trumpet
to herald his approach, was an event in the annals of the town. The coach was
large and seated twelve passengers, and was drawn by four horses. The start was
made at 4 o'clock in the morning from the hotel of Japhet Leeds (now Leeds
Point), stopping at the Gravelly Landing post office, Franklyn Inn at the dam,
Clark's Mills hotel, Indian Cabin, Blue Anchor and Long Coming (now Berlin).
Usually the whole populace gathered on the arrival of the coach, greetings were
exchanged and refreshments partaken of at each stopping place.

Daniel Mathis, who built and kept the hotel at Chestnut Neck, which was
looted and burned by the British in 1777, built the old Franklyn Inn, which still
stands near the dam at Port Republic. Jonas Miller, a young brick mason and
builder, married a daughter of Daniel ]^Iathis, and afterwards became proprietor
of Franklyn Inn, wdiich he conducted successfully for several years. His four
daughters, all of wdiom married hotel men, grew to womanhood here and were
noted for their personal beauty and force oi character. They were leaders of th.'

RODMAN CORSON, ESQ.

THK OLD FORT AND ITS DF.F F.XDERS. 07

society of the village, and in after years frequently returned to visit the scenes of
their girlhood days. Jonas Miller removed to Cape May and built Congress
Hall, when that resort was at its zenith of popularity, before the Civil War. His
son. Burroughs Miller, served Cape ;\Iay County in the State Legislature as
Senator for several terms, and held several municipal offices in Cape May. For
\ ears he was the leader of his party in Cape May, and under his leadership the
cnunty was always Democratic. He was a man greatly beloved by the pen])lc
I if Cape May, and was identified with its best antl most progressive interests.

THE OLD FORT AND ITS DEFENDERS.

^^ HORTLY after the declaration of war by the L'nited States against Great
/-^N Britain, in 1812, John R. Scull, of Egg Harbor township, living near
[i) Somers Point, formed a company of infantr\-. known as the "First Bat-
talion, First Regiment of the Gloucester Coimty (Atlantic County at this
time was not formed) Brigade. Xew Jersey Militia, \'olunteers," for the protec-
tion of the maritime frontier..

The following persons were commissioned or enrolled as ofticers of this
company on May 25, 1814.

John R. Scull, Captain; Samuel Scull, ist Lieut.; Levi Holbert, 2(1 Lieut.;
Jiib Frambes, 3d Lieut.; Zachariah Dole, ist Sergeant; Lsrael Scull, 2(1 Sergeant;
Samuel Lake, 3d Sergeant, and Richard I. Somers, 4th Sergeant. John I'ine, ist
I iDrporal; Thomas Reeves, 2d Corporal, and Isaac Robinson, 3d Corporal. Robert
I'l. Risley, drummer, and James M. Gififord, fifer.

The following are the names of the privates found in the company: James
.\dams, Jeremiah Adams. Jonas Adams. Solomon Adams, Jacob Albertson. John
r.arber. David E. Bartlett. John Reaston, Andrew Blackman, Andrew B. Black-
man, Thomas Blackman, Derestius Booy, Joseph H. Booy, James Burton, Jesse
( hamberlain, Jesse Chambers. Enoch Champion. John Champion. Joseph Cham-
I-ion, Joel Clayton, John Clayton. Absalom Cordery, Samuel Delancy, Daniel
Doughty, Enoch Doughty, John Doughty, Daniel Edwards, Daniel English.
Hosea English, Aaron Frambes, Andrew Frambes, Stephen Gauslin, Andrew
liodfrey, Andrew Hickman, Ebenezer Holbert, Clement Ireland, David Ireland,
Elijah Ireland. Job Ireland, Thomas Ireland. Andrew Jeffers. Daniel Jefifers,
Lvin Jeffers, Nicholas Jefifers, John Jeffers. \Mlliam Jeffers, Enoch Laird, David
Lee, Jesse Marshall, Daniel Mart, John Alart, Richard Morris, David Price, John
iVice, Sr., John Price, Jr., John Reggins, Jeremiah Risley, Sr., Jeremiah Ris-
ley. Jr., Nathaniel Risley, Peter Risley, Richard Risley, John Robarts. John
Robinson, Andrew Scull, David Scull, John S. Scull, Joseph Scull, Richard Scull,
Damon Somers, Edmund Somers. Isaac Somers, James Somers, John J. Somers,
John S. Somers, Joseph Somers. Mark Somers, Nicholas Somers. Samuel Somers,
Thomas Somers, Abel Smith. Enoch Smith. Isaac Smith. Jacob Smith. Jesse

JAMES D. SOUTHWICK.

\l)

•:ks.

1, !•
.1.

•aiK-i>
aphc

THE OLD I-ORT AXD ITS 1)

Smith, Zophar Smith. Davi.i Stcdman. I'.lijah Strc

erick Steehiian, James Stcohiian. Jesse Sierhuan. I

man, Samuel Steehiian, Daniel 'rilton. James Tnw

Vansant, Joseph Wilkins, Martin \Vil>e> . JmIhi Winner aiul Jn>.-ph Wimur,

making- one huiulred and two privates.

This company was discharged on hehrnary i _', 1815, an<l iimIw ith>tan(liny
more than eiohty-five years have ])assed away, yet to-day, thr(iUL;li the vein> of
some of our most energetic, enterprising and patiiotic citizens nf Allaniie and
Cape yiay Counties, flows the blood of some of these men.

During the short time this company were in service, the\ were not idle.
Selecting a spot near the (ireat Egg Harbor river, one that not only gave them
a full view of the Great Egg Harbor Inlet, but absolute command of the harbor,
here they erected a fortification in the form of a semi-circle fifty feet in diameter,
with a base of twenty feet and fifteen on the top, with a height ranging from six
to ten feet. This they mounted with cannon capable of carrying a ball from four
to six pounds: and woe be to the P>ritisli Lion should he attemjit to intrude on
these waters.

After the erection of this fi.irtitication, e'ai)tain Scull had his men ever stand-
ing guard both night and day. watching, as it were, with an eagle e}e. for their
dreaded foe, the British Lion, should he be seen prowling near, and horsemen
ready to mount swift steeds and hasten to inform the sturdy yeomen of a]i]iroacli-
ing danger. Patriotism caused him to leave his |)low in the field, hasten to the
house, seize his trusty flint-lock gun. powder horn and shot iioucli. 'Ihus equiiiped
he impressed one kiss on the lips of the one near and dear to him, then hastened
to this little fortification to wait for the unwelcome \isitors, and treat them to
the repast prepared for them, iron lialls and lead ])ills.

So much respect had the land holders for this little historic spot, that it
remained untouched only b_\- the hand of time, for a ])eriod of more than seventy
years, when the progress of iin]>ro\cnunts demanded its removal. 'Twas then
that workmen found mounds of l)alls remaining in the same position as they
were placed by our forefathers in 1S14. .Vow the iron horse treads where the
boys of 1814 tramped to and fro. and with a lynx eye pierced the darkness over
the waters of the Great Egg Harbor, to catch the first glimpse of their dreaded
foe. The first obscure object seen thereon causeil them to more hrnil\- gras])
their trusty fire-arms. silentl\' pletlging their Hve> anew, to the ])rcjtection of the
homes of their loved ones.

Well may the American nation feel protul o\er the bold and daring acts
of "Rear Admiral Dewey" at Alanila. and Hobson at Santiago, as their acts of
heroism were sent with lightning speed from nation to nation, and their names
enrolled high on the honor of fame, in the annals of the navies of the world, ^'et
let us forget not. that Sonier's Point, in all of its ol)scurity, is the birth place of
one of the l^ravest of the lorave officers that ever trod the deck of an American
man-of-war; future naval histories may record his equals, the past cannot: this
is no other jierson than that of "Alaster Commander Richard Soniers." who sac-

^Uf

ARTHUR H. STILES.

BOUNDS OF OLD OAI.I.c t\\■A^• Ti -iWXSIM P. KM

riticcil his life on the 4th day of Septeniljcr, 1S04. in the harlior of Tri]). ih, in
an attempt to rescue his fellow countrymen who were thmigiu t(j be barbarously
treated by their captors.

Less than a half mile from where Captain John S. Scull erected his fortiti-
cation. in 1814, this brave man, Richard Somers, was born, on the 15th day of
September, 1778; still nearer this spot he received the first rudiments of his edu-
cation: yet still nearer he received his first lessons in seamanship. iM-cmi this
port he first shipped as a sailor. In the sunuuer of 1803, at his birth ])lace. we
find this noble conunander bidding- his friends, relatives and birth place the
last adieu.

The monument erected at Somers Point, to perpetuate his memory, marks
not his last resting place, but reminds the one that reads the inscri]ninn thereon
of the heroic acts of this brave man.

BOUNDS OF OLD GALLOWAY TOWNSHIP.

^^ EORGE THE THIRD, by the t;
l^ and Ireland, King defender of 1
•«!► shall come, greeting:

Know Ye, That we of our specie-
motion, have given and granted and by
us and our successors, to the inhabitants of the north-east part, of the township
of Great Egg Harbor, in the county of Oloucester, ui our I'rdvince of Xew
Jersey, wherein the following boundarys, to wit: lieginning at a pine tree stand-
ing on the head of the North branch of Absequan creek, marked on four sides:
on the south-west side lettered E. G., and on the north-east side N. W., and from
thence running north forty-five degrees eighty minutes west (the eighty minutes
must be an error in the records), sixteen miles a ipiarter and a half-(|uarter to a
pine tree standing south-west, sixty cliains from the new road, and near a small
branch of Penny Pot, and in the line of the former township aforesaid, and
marked as aforesaid: and thence running by the aforesaid line north forty-five
degrees east, nine miles to Atsion branch, thence down the same to the main
river of Little Egg Harbor; thence down the aforesaid river, by the several
courses thereof to the mouth: thence south thirty-five degrees east, six miles and
a quarter through the Great Bay of Little Egg Harbor, to the south-west end of
the flat beach at Brigantine Inlet; thence southwesterly, crossing the said Brig-
antine Beach and the sea to Absequan Inlet: thence north sixty degrees west,
five miles, crossing the sounds and Absecpian Bay to .\mos Ireland's Point, near
the mouth of Absequan creek; thence bounding by the several courses thereof
up said creek, and north branch of Absequan to the pine first named, and place
of beginning, to be and remain a perpetual township and comnumity in word
and deed, to be called and known by the name of the Township of ( ). (n'lllowav.

^•race 0

f (iod, of

(^reat 1

ritain, France

the fait

li. etc., to

whom

these presents

al gran

t. certain

knowlct

l^re and mere

N- these

presents (.

0 give

md grant, fur

102 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

iVnd we further grant to the said inhabitants of the township aforesaid, and their
successors, to choose annually a Constable, Overseer of the Poor, and Overseer
of the Highways of the township aforesaid, and to enjoy all the rights, liberties
and immunities thus any other township in our Province may of right enjoy.
And the said inhal^itants are hereby constituted and appointed a township by the
name aforesaid, to have, hold and enjoy the privileges aforesaid, to them and
their successors forever. In testimony whereof, we have caused these letters to
be made patent, and the Great Seal of the Province of New Jersey to be here-
unto ai^xed. Witness our trusty and well beloved William Franklin, Esq.,
Captain Cieneral, (iovernor and Commander-in-Chief in and (jver the Province
of New Jersey and territories thereon depending- in America. Chancellor and Aice-
Admiral of the same, etc., the fourth day of April, in the fourteenth year of our
reign. Anno Domini one thousand seven hundred and seventy-four.

N. P). — The first line was run from the head of Absequan to tlie head of
Gloucester township line. June the first. 1797.

Wm. L.\ke.
January 27111. 1899.

/-^

W
%'

Pleasant illillB.

TH Uk' exception of Chirks Laiulins-. several miles further dciwii the
river. Pleasant Mills is the oldest settlement in Atlantic Countv. As
early as 1718 the site (if the present village was a collection of log huts
where hard}' pioneers found a free and exciting life with but few enervating lux-
uries and li\ed hy hunting, fishing and farming. Indians were numerous in
Jerse}- at that time and had their villages in this locality, but these white men
early distinguished themselves from their red neighbors b\' erecting a cabin of
rude, square logs, roofed with rough boards and dedicated to the dreat i^pirit,
who made the white man and the red man friends, for in truth it can be said that
in this State they were alwa\s at peace; there never was any strife or bloodshed
between them.

The site of the first rude church, which was known for many vears as Clarks
Meeting House at the Forks of the Little Egg Harbor, is still pointed out as
being near the present edifice, in the pine grove, on the margin of the old ceme-
tery, where sleep several generation? of the villagers.

LESFORD MA\'SION.

I'ew in our day can ajipreciate the imlettered teachin;
preachers, and the plain manner of living of those whose race
paths than ours. Rev. Simon Lucas, a Revolutionary soldie

WILLIAM E. FARRELL.

TLEASAXT ^IILLS AXD

;\\(K1DS.'

10.-.

primitive Methodists who otiiciatecl in this old
fore it gave place to a larger ami more sightly
Peterson and Simon Ashcroft were three of tl
church, which was dedicated in 1809 by the Re
Methodist I'.ishop. The Bible used on that tic
relic and is used by tlie present worshipjicrs. It
having been printed in 1808. In these the cJMsii
but few gather in this tem]ilc of wnrship. CMni]ia
congregations that gathered here tliirix. fMi-t\, I

church twenty years or more be-
edifice, in 1808. He. Lawrence
le trustees who built the present
•. Francis Asbury, America's first
casion is still kept as a precious
is cif the same age as the church.
ig day> ,.f the nineteenth century,
-ed with the lar-e and fashinnabl,-

Sweetwater was the first name <
of what is now the Jackson stream,
mill. The first industrv to be estab

■ taken from the Indian nrme
eSdUie waters drive the ]ja])er
saw-mill, which for tiftv \-ears

helped to advance civilization at the head of what is now Xesco pond. A cotton
factory followed within the memory of persons still living, and was operated till
it was destroyed by fire. Since 1861 the paper mill has been the main industry
of the village.

The plant of the Pleasant Mills Paper Company is almost a solitary survivor
of the many industries which thrived in the interior of Atlantic County before
the advent of the locomotive, W'hUt other enterprises have struggled and finally
yielded to the changed conditions. Pleasant Mills has steadily flourished and
forged ahead, and is to-day one of the leading paper mills of its kind in this

CHARLES F. WAHL.

PLEASANT MILLS AND

•OLi:» UV

:\\( )( 1

country. From Monda_\- niornin^- to Saturday evening-, ni^ln and da
from the busy wheels can be heard echoint;' through the ruins of what
ago were busy communities in this vicinity. Raw materials are bou<jht

ilippines. and some a

oljscure spot in the int
are transformed into pajx

OLD BUTTONWOODS.

possessions, tin.
_,• our antipinU
from JMiyland
shipped to thi;
Atlantic Count}

market is the world. This process of manufac-
])loys and i.-. the sole support nf some

During the Revolution a battalion of soldier>
under the command of Major Gordon nccn])ied
barracks at Sweetwater, just below the old button-
wood trees on the bank of the Mullica. .\earl)\
stood the old Washington tavern, where mer-
chants, brokers, sailors and teamsters made thi>
an exciting place. \'essels captured by American
Egg- Harbor were unloaded here, and the sup-

quUe a prosperous and at tunes a

privateers and brought into Littl

plies that were intended for the iJritish army were transported from the midst

of Soittli Jersey forests over sandy roads by the invincible colonists to the suffering

patriots at A'alley Forge. The Delaware was crossed at I'lurlington and I'.ristol,

and the distress of those memorable winters of 1777 and 1778 was made more t(jl-

erable by the supplies thus obtained.

Refugees and Tory sympathizers who defied authorities had their head-
quarters in neighboring swamps, near what are now Elwood and Egg Harbor
City, and made murderous raids upon defenceless people. Two such leaders of
Tory gangs, Giberson and Alulliner, visited the house of a widow Hates and
insulted and tortured her by burning
down her home before her eyes. She re-
sisted and fought the fire so successfully
that they tied her to the fence and re-
newed the torch. They were pursued and
overtaken, but Giberson escaped by swim-
ming the river at Green Bank, and was
shot and killed later at Cedar Creek. Tra-
dition says that Mulliner was captured
at Columbia, court-martialed in slmrt
order and hanged from a limb of one of
the old buttonwood trees on the bank of
the river, which have since been monu-
ments of this exciting event. Another
story is that ]\Iulliner was captured, tried i
burv and hanged there, and that two othe

^^^mk^ik^'^

OLD BUTTONWOODS.

a sp\
spies

and disloyal per
were strung up

at W.

ith

ittlc

DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

ceremon\' from
this- iiia\ be. hi"-

the liml.s of tr
nia\ still be :?e(

THE OLD CATHOLIC CHURCH

was the American home of Kate .\\ lesfi i
ular novel celebrating local history ;uk1 .
events. She was married in the historical Episcopal
Church, on Second street above Market, Philadelphia,
in the presence of Gen. Washington, to Major Gor-
don, who was in command of the battalion of patriot
troops stationed at Sweetwater, and who had rendered
her invaluable services when in peril. For some years
it has served as the residence for the manager of the
paper mill, which together with the Aylesford Man-
sion is now owned by Mrs. L. M. Cresse, of Ocean
City.

:hree old buttonwood trees. However
not far from these old trees on a knoll
just back from the river. For many
years a fence inclosed it, and the inci-
dent has been an inspiration- to many
a school boy who has been led to shun
the fate of this heartless refugee.

\Miat in the days of the Revolution
was the ulil -Aylesford Mansion, or
home of the owner of this estate, still
stands on its original site on the shore
of Xesco pond, the oldest, most histor-
ical and interesting structure in the vil-
lage. Large shade trees shade the lawn
opposite the mill, and from the spacious
porch a beautiful view is presented of
the pond and the village. This mansion
, the heroine of Charles Peterson's pop-
\(ilutionar\'

ilJUM

(Ijalher 8 Forge.

ITL'ATED on South rivLT. in Wcvnionih township, tlirc- miles In mi
Mays Landing, was founded by Lewis .M. Walker, about iSifi. Walker
was bom in Oley township, Berks County, Pa., .\ugust lo. \-n\. He
came to Xew Jersey in 1811, and became one of the first superintcndeius
for biseph Hall and others of the \\'eymnuth iron
works. When he resigned to establish a plant of
his own at ."^outh River, he was succeeded by John
Richards. He built a saw mill and iron forge and
])rospered for many years, employing in his coal-
ings, mill and forges as many as one hundred hands.
He married Charlotte Pennington, nf .Ma\s
Landing, who was burn XprW 25. 17SC,. and died
May 25, 1S72. They had live chil.lren: J..l,n I'., b.
February 8, 1820: d. .March 26, 1853, who was
the first Sheriff of Atlantic County, George, who
s the father of Samuel John P., and Emma: Joseph P>,,
nnnon<l ot Fieehold and had two ehiMun. both dead;

HOUSE AT WA

larried

who married Mar\ I)
.\melia, who mairied To'-tph
Humphrie- and was the
mother ot two ehildien
-Mary and Le\is, and Rl-
l)ecca, who became the -e^
ond wife ot Simon Han
thorn. So tar as known
John P., the son of Geoige
is the only surviving mem-
ber of the family. The es-
tate is owned l.iy him. and
the fine stone house, built in
more prosperous days, is his
summer residence.

It is a tradition that the
first iron pipes used in Philadelphia
AValker's Forge.

POND AT WALK

)g a(|ue(lucis. were

no DAIL^' L'XIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

HOW BAKERSVILLE WAS NAMED.

Daniel, son of John JJaker, a well educated and well-to-do descendant of
Nantucket whalers, who settled and prospered in Cape May County in the last
century, settled at Bakersville and gave the place its name in 1815. He was a
surveyor and civil engineer, magistrate and execute ir of estates. He married
Mary Babcock, of Cape May County, and lived un a i)lace purchased of George,
father of the noted Joe West. He persuaded Pardon Ryon, a Yanl«e peddler
from Connecticut, to settle at Bakersville and start a store there, which he did
and prospered. Ryon married Elizabeth, a sister of the late Israel S. Adams.
Emeline Ryon, a school teacher from Connecticut, married John Barnes, the
shoemaker, and that made another family in the village. William B. Adams, the
blacksmith, married Rebecca Cordery, and Joseph Way, the tailor, married Cath-
erine Steelman, and Bakersville became quite a village.

In those days the wood and charcoal business with Xew York kept many
men and teams employed along the shore. Fish, oysters and clams were wonder-
fully plenty in the bays, where vessels from New York were nearly always ready
to buy, spot cash, from the baymen. An empty basket run to the topmost peak
was the signal to the baymen to come alongside with what they had to sell. There
was plenty of money and prosperity in every home in the township.

Daniel Baker, for many years was one of the Lay Judges of Atlantic County.
He was a particular friend of Dr. Jonathan Pitnew and was with him one of the
commissioners to divide Atlantic from Gloucester County, in 1837. It was Daniel
Baker who suggested and insisted that the name of the new county be called
Atlantic, after the ocean on which it borders. Mr. Baker was the father of eleven
children: John, Joseph, Elizabeth, Phoebe, Huldah, Jeremiah, Daniel, James,
Mary, Frazier, and Hannah Ann C. Baker. The last, who is the widow of the late
Captain Barton Frink, is the only survivor of the family.

^Og ^arbor (^itv.

the Canulcn & Atlanti

- R;

ih-oad.

as attracted to the vast

ex|.

inse of

inc.

f^ y OON after the formal ojienin!:;- c
^V ► in 1854, the attention of parties
(^^ ^ unsettled lands adjacent to this

w The said lands consisted mainly of second-growth pine lands,

w here the timber had been cut ofif years before for use at Gloucester
Furnace and for charcoal for outside markets. In some sections choice forest
lands still remained, where in later years consideralile timber for lumber and ship-
building purposes was cut and marketed previous to 1875 oi" 1878. Along the
Alullica river and the adjacent creeks beautiful and dense cedar forests were
standing. From 40 to 50 hands were eni])l(i\e(l during the years i860 to 186S
in cutting these cedars for staves, lumber ami shiiigie.>, which kept three saw mills
in full operation. Annually about 150 schooners sailed awav from Gloucester
Landing, and two or three schooners were always at the dock loading with lum-
ber for New York and other ports. During the years 1865 to 1867 the steamer
Eureka (Capt. Crowley) plied regularl\- between this port and Xew York.

Messrs. J. L. Baier, A. Eble, Clemens and Frederick Kah. E. liernhard. W'm.
Mischlich, D. O. Eckert, and H. Kayser were engaged in this industry.

To open some of these lands for settlement an association was formed under
the title of "The Gloucester Farm and Town Association," which organized itself
on Xovember 24, 1854, in the City of Philadelphia, and elected the following-
Board of Directors: President, William k'ord: Secretary, Frederick A. Roese;
Treasurer, Henry Schmoele: Superintendent. William Schmoele: Hon. Andrew
K. Hay, P. M. WolsiefTer, Garrick Alallery, Jr.. J. 11. Schomacker, and James H.
Stevenson.

They purchased from Stephen Colwell the so-called Gloucester I'urnace
Tract, comprising about 30.000 acres: 5,000 acres of the Batsto tract, anil alxjut
1,000 acres more of so-called exceptions to round out the tract. It was the in-
tention then of laying out these lands into twenty-acre farms and two towns, one
embracing about four square miles, adjacent to the railroad station, "Cedar
Bridge," to be called "Pomona," and one five miles distant, adjacent to Gloucester
Lake and Furnace, where a considerable number > if 1)uildings were still standing,
and were occupied by the tirst settlers, arriving during the years 1855 and 1856,
to be called "Gloucester."

Every purchaser of a farm of 20 acres was considered as a shareholder. There
were two series of shares. In the tirst series the price of each share was $300,
(lip

JAMES NORTH, M.D., D.D.S.

i:i;(; n.\Rr.ok cvi\. 113

and in llic second scries S450. luich sharcJKilikT was rniiilcd i.i a Im 100x150
feet in size within the city Hniits; to a house of the value of S400 on his farm, and
to a fence around the same, all at the c^st nf the association.

The price of a city lot 40x150 feet was placed at SjS. and suhsequently raised
to S103.

There was. 1)esitles a ijremiimi to he paid on each farm rant;in,i; from ncithin.i;'
to $350, according: to the conti,L;uit\ to cit\ hound.arx. railroad, condition of soil
and forest growth.

In April, 1856, a commission of tive memhers was appointed 1)\ the associa-
tion to view the 1439 laid-out farms and appraise the premiums on each, liider
date of August 5, 1857, the commission made a report of every farm mentioned
on the plan. A few examples of their report are lierewith appended:

I'arni Xo. 1. — H. Id. S. L.* Level location inclined to the northeast. |)ar-
tiall}- swamp with maples and ])artially dry overgrown with small pines and scruh
oaks. Premium $350.

Farm 403. — H. S. Sd. L. Nearly level location on the southeast side, rather
moist, plenty oaks and pines; ahout three-quarters of the farm cultivated land.
planted with about thirty fruit trees. Premium $125.

Farm 958. — H. S. L. G. Beautiful rolling location, hickory, oaks and scrnh
oaks, with wild grape vines. Premium $200.

Farm 1219. — H. S. S. Somewhat hill_\-. inclined towards X. \\". and S. P..
maple and cedar brooks, with very large pines and oaks standing denselw I'rc-
mium $1)0.

Farm 1308.— H, S. L. C. ( ;. In the middle a nice hill, burnt pines and scrub
(jaks. Premium $200.

The well formulated and advertised plans of the association met with unpre-
cedented success among the German population of the Union, who were at the
time sufifering under the rampant spirit of Xativism, then sweeping over many of
the states, and thus inciting many ("icrmans to join this association and ultimately
settling upon these lands.

In a short time all the farm shares were signed, which led the managers,
under date of March 13. 1856. t<_i change some of their proposed plan.>. so that
the present limits of the city were decided upon, taking up all the intei\ening
space between the proposed towns of Pomona and Gloucester, the whole to be
called "Egg Harbor City," fronting one and one-quarter miles along the line of
the railroad and extending northeastwardly seven miles to the Little Egg Ilarbor
or AluUica river.

D. Hudson Shedaker was appointed surveyor, to lay out the city and the
farms, and he commenced operations in 1856.

The 20 acres were laid out so that twelve farms should form a block, six
farms fronting on one avenue and six on another: every seventh street within the

VALENTINE P. HOFMANN.

F.GG IIARHOR CITY. Uo

city limits winiKl cxtcinl tlir(mi;li the farniiii- district, .uixiiii;- tlic fariiK-rs easy
ingress to the proposed city.

The respective Board of Dirccturs were kcjjt l)us\ in ])r(i\iiling means for
the opening and grading of streets, erectimi of hrick yard.-, building houses, fenc-
ing farms, providing fund- fur the niaintcnance nf schncils. etc.: and also during
the first year after the inccirpnratinn n\ the cil\ to ])rovidc means f(ir the expenses
of the municipality.

In course of time considerable dissatisfactimi arose over the maimer in which
the funds of the association were used anil diverted. 'i"he In'others, liem-y and
William Schmoele, were specially accused of using said funds in furtherance ni
their private schemes, and the officers generally in not carrying out the proposed
jiromises, in needless expenditures, and in not suf-ficiently aiding the first settlers.

On May 2, i860, a new Board of Directors were elected, consisting of prom-
inent settlers, but they were tmable to cope with the spirit of mistrust and the
financial panic arising and continuing during their years of rule.

Finally, on November 17. iSoj. tlii.- association was merged into "The I'.gg
Harbor Homestead and \'ineyard Company." leaving the greater jiart of all the
promised improvements unfulfilled, gathering in all the liabilities that ccmhl be
forced and finally ending in dis.-;ohition.

The association commenced tn ])ublish, in 1X5(1. a monthly ne\vs]iaper, called
the "Independent Homestead."' ])rinted in b'.nglisli and ( lerman. It contained all
the ofificial reports, proceedings, etc.. of the association, and also the news of the
settlement, it being the only medium of interc(jurse ihiring the first vears of the
settlement, until 1858, the first venture in private |>id>li>hing was attempted.

"Egg Harbor City" is so laid out that sixteen .avenues, ranging from 70 to
JOG feet in width, and named after principal cities of the Cnited States and Europe,,
run from the line of the Camden and Atlantic Railroad, in a northeasterly direc-
tion, to the .Mullica or Little Mgg Harbor River. Running at right angles with
these avenues are the cross streets which are from forty-eight feet four inches to.
sixty feet wide, named in alphabetical order — two to each letter — after celebrated
personages in science and letters. The squares bounded by these streets and
avenues are each 330 feet wide by 600 feet long, being intersected lengthwise b\-
an alley 30 feet wide, which alley gives every lot owner a double front: first one on
a broad avenue, and second one on a so-called alle\- which, however, is wider
than many pretentious streets in large cities. The advantages of this arrange-
ment of streets and alleys are numerous and self-evident. Each block is divided
into thirty building lots, each 40x150 feet in size, or in certain cases into twelve
farm lots, each 100x150 feet. The direction of the avenues l)eing from northeast
t(,) southwest, while the streets run from northwest to southeast, makes the cor-
ners of all houses fronting on the same point to the four cardinal points of the
compass, north, east, south and west; thus every room in a house standing alone
is accessible to the sunlight, which is a very valuable sanitary feature.

Two parks, each 600 feet s<|uare, called the Singer and Turner Parks, are pro-
jected, one at the southeastern and the other at the northwestern corner of the

HARROLD F. ADAMS.

RGG HARBOR L'IT\\ 117

city. Another park is situated in tbo centre of the eit\ . as laid cmt. it Odniains
nearly 500 acres of land ami is traversed hy three small streams, the Landini;
Creek, Indian Cabin and I'.lihn hranches. erne nf which has been converted into a
miniatnre lake.

Xear the park is situated the (lloucester Lake, cowrinj; almut uo acres,
which is fed l)y the aforesaid three streams. The water suiiiilx is :i never failing'
one. and the power that can he produced is ipiite extensive. The .mtlei of this
lake, the Landin-- I'reek. is naviyal.le f.ir small craft to within a short distance .if
the lake.

In 185(1 =1 P''-'^t ot^ce was estahlished here, and Charles Herman ap|)ointed as
its first ])ostmaster.

( )n March 1(1. 1S3S. it was incorporated as a city hy the State Le,<:jislature.
The city Government is composed of the Mayor. City Clerk. City Treasurer, As-

r.OUNTY FOAD THROUGH EGG HARBOR CITY.

sessor, nine members of Common Council to serv
thereof to be electeil anmially. City Marshal, and
election was held June S. 1S3S. when 35 votes wi
cers were clectetl: Mayor. 1'. .\1. Wolsieffer: Ck
urer, Daniel Hax; Assessor, William Kusche; Ci.
Darmstadt. Frederick Sautter, Christian Preiser,
Jacob Gruen, Ch. F. Schurig and Fr. J. Keller.
In the charter election of 1859, 150 votes w
Czeicke contested the election of P. M. W'olsietTe
by the Supreme Court, was decided in the fornn

)hn Scherft. .M

.rtell. Willi
itz Stutzba

>ear Jo-
fter a re\

•ph

W. E. SHACKELFORD.

l-:ncll.

Willi;

un 1 )ariu-

Louis

Kueliu

k'. Merit/.

^ingliai

nnuT.

i'Vedcrick

1 Triscl

1. Chri

stiaii i'rei-

n Crun

LT. I'n

UK-is ,\(.r-

. ilnl.^

, Iknr

V Sclunitz,

Ul)LTt I

',alll),-ic

■ll, K.llKTt

KCC, IlARI'.oR CrrV. 119

The chief offices since the tirst charter electimi have been filled hy the fnl-
lowiui;'. many of them serving- repeated terms:

Mayor. — Moritz Stutzbach, Frank P>ier\\irtli, \.n
stadt. Daniel Hax. William H. I'.olte. ( leor-e Muelk
Rohrberg. Theeiphylus II. Boysen. .M. 1)., jwlni S>
Schitchardt, William Mischlich and Lnuis (iarnich.

City Clerk. — Julius Merker, Loui.> .^eliniitz, llern
ser, Ernst .\delung, August Stephany ( 13 \earsi. Will
man and \'alentine P. Hofmann.

City Treasurer. — Daniel Ha.x. h'rancis Strauss, Le
Ernst Adelung. \'. P. Hofmann, \\'illiam 11. I'.olte, .\1
Ohnmeiss and William Suykers.

The present officials of the city are: Mayor, Louis (larnich; City Clerk, \' .
P. Hoftnann; City Treasurer, William Suckers; Assessor. Llenry G. Regensl)urg;
Councilmen, .\ugust .\rnoldt, Frederick Morgenweck. William Mischlich, Sr.,
Robert ^^'eiler, Henry \\". Breder, John Prasch. Henry (loeller, John Xatter and
Cieorge Sorg; Justices of the Peace, William Mtieller and Frederick P.erchtold;
City Marshal, (leorge W. Senft; Constables, William G. Stroetmann and .\nthony
Sauer; Overseer of the Poor, .\nthony Xeu: Cnnnnissioners of .\ppeal, \Villiam
Behns, J, J. Kraemer and John Reichenbach ; Harbor Master. James I. Loveland;
Pound Keeper, Jacob Kaenzig; City Attorney, Robert E. Stephany; Cit>- Con-
veyancer, Charles Cast; Fire Marshal, Henry Wimberg.

In 1858, Common Council decided that the seal of the City should be as fol-
lows: An oak in the foreground, vessel and rising sim in the background, en-
circled by the letters "Egg Harbor City, New jersey."

In 1859, a census was taken of the population of the City, then consisting of
454 males and 419 females, total 873. In 1S75. the ])opulation was 1311; iXXo,
1232: 1885, 1232: 1890, 1438: 1895, 1557.

Bo.\Ki) OF Educ.miox.

As per provisions of the City Charter, this Board consists of five members,
three Trustees, the School Superintendent and Mayor ex-officio. The present
members are: Louis Garnich, ;\Iayor; Herman Dietz. .Superintendent; Trustees,
J. V. Elmer, M. D., George iMueller, Charles Cast.

The Gloucester Farm and Town Association provided the first means towards
paying the salaries of teachers, providing rooms and necessary utensils. ( )ne of
the first teachers engaged was Herman Trisch; subsequently Messrs. O. Buelmer,
John Schuster and Miss Wheaton were engaged. For a great number of }ears
Excursion Hall (now removed) was used for school purposes, until the growth of
the city necessitated the renting of additional school room and increase of teachers.
The school rooms being widely apart it was quite an arduous task for the teachers
to hourly meander from one place to another. I-'inallv, in 1876, the present com-
modious school house was built, but with the increasing number of pupils its
rooms were inadequate to seat the same, so that additional rooms were rented.

ISRAEL SCULL ADAMS.

until i8ij(), wlKii an ;
one roof.

Under the able
Henrv C. Krel)s and 1

SCHOOL HOUSE.

built, but as the ]jo])ulatior
and removed in 1881. Alt

.Is are known in 1
;ed wlien they -o forth t<
stru,L;L;le nl life.

.ars 1858 to i87(, a

scboo] with ro.mis for a resident teaeher was
1\ decreased there the school Ijuildin"' was sold
nan .Mthoff was the first teacher, and was fol-

lowed by Dr. L. von Oslovsky. \'. 1'. llofniann and Aliss I'.ertha Cast.
r.oAKn oi-- Hi:.\LTii.

Council for a term of
fifth being the City
present Board is or-
President, George F.
P. Hofmann; Inspec-
M. D.. J. C. Elmer,
gensburg.

There is an organ-
consisting of the La-
and Good Will Hook
each housed in com-

For the better pro-
also to supply the citv
an ordinance was pass-
granting to George
chise for a water sup-
entered into to supply
annual rental of $1,200.
enabled to have the
May Tst. following.

The water is sui)ldie(
Five and cjne-iiuarter mi

Clei-k, ex

officio. The

ganized

as follows:

Breder; Secretary, V.

tors. The.

.11. r.oysen.

M. U., 1

enry G. Re-

ized I'ire

1 )epartnient.

fayette 11
and I.aili

i>e Company

ieadi|uaners.

tection ;i,l;

ainst lire and

with who]

esome water.

ed ( )ctol

er 17. iSyfi-

Pfeiti-er.

Jr., a fran-

ply. and a

contract was

rHEO. H. BOySEN, M.C.

1 driven well.-., one T,nJ feet
lains were laid; the >tand ]>

ants at an

il the other 40T.
feet high has a

ION. J. C. JACOBS.

capacity of 68.000 gallons, with a regular pre:
creased when necessary to 100 pounds.

Up to 1886 the city was sparsely lighted.
lighting the streets by oil lamps was institiitet
by electrical illuminatinn cm April Mi. iSijS.

entered nit
candle pow

ith Th

.mas T. .Mat
1)6 per annul

.n-e ot 4.:; piiunds. and can be in-

In this year a regular system of
until this system was superseded
< hi this date an agreement was
he city with 23 arc lights of 2.000

of tivc vears.

■'.WSI

1 was
of the "C
edited by 1
-March U).

•l)e

nib

scr\ativer Maenner \'erein." and was
Robert Reiniann.lnitwas discontinued
<5.j. ( )n March 22. i860, it reappeared
under a different management, and is still pub-
lished by I lug.) Maas.

"Der iJeobachter am Egg Egg Harbor River"
appeared also in 1858, published and edited b\-
Louis Bullinger. but was soon discontinued.

In 1S63 the ".\tlaiitic Democrat" made its ap-
pearance and was ]niblislied by 1). ( iiff.inl. It soon
ands of Regensberg liros., Frank
."^.. .\le.\ander J- and Henry G. Regensberg. the
latter finally. September 4. i88g, selling it to John
I', flail i.f the Atlantic Times.

The ".Vilantic Beacon." starting in ( )ctober,
1870. was also published for a short time by Milton
R. I'ierce, to be succeeded the following year by
lied by M. Stutzbach & Co. for many years. In
< & (.)liver, at Mays Landing, and finally came t<i
veral changes and vicissitudes.

pui

ish

the "Atlantic Journal.

1884 it was purchased b

Atlantic City, where it expired in i8y8. afte

"Der Zeitgeist" appeared April 6. 1867, and was published for man}
M. Stutzbach & Co.. who some years ago sold it to George F. Breder.
the name of the paper was changed to "Deutscher Herold." and is s
istence.

"Der Beobachter" apjjean
Mueller.

"Der Fortschritt" is the lat
is published by Robert ^^'eiler.

The "Egg Harbor (iazette" was establi.died in 1891 by George F. I'.reder.
the present pubHsher of the "German fferuld." Two years later he sold to Dr.
G. H. Gehring. who published the "Mays Landing Star." thus forming the "Star-
Gazette." This property, in 1894. was purchased Ijy Henry C;. Regensburg. who,
two years later, sold to Ernest Beyer, who moved the office to .\tlantic City. In
June, 1899, the "Star-Gazette" was consolidated with the ".Atlantic Times- Deino-

ipearmg

SAMUEL E. PERRY, ESQ.

EGG HARROR CITY. 12.->

crat." ami is still cuiuluctfd liy .Mr. I'.rycr ami puhli.shed i)y the Daily L'nidii
Printiiii:^- Cunipany.

CiirucHES.

There are five cliurches, one Catholic and four Protestant.

The St. Nicholas Roman Catholic Church was first supplied l)y Redenipiorist
Fathers from Philadelphia, in 1858, until Rev. Joseph Thurnes was appointed as
the first resident pastor, who was succeeded by Rev. ,\. lleckin.L^er and Idscjih
Esser, and is now under the i)asti>ral charge of Rev. .\nthnny \'au Kiel. With
this congregation for the last four years a parochial school is coimected under the
supervision of Franciscan Sisters.

The ^loravian Congregation, nearly 40 years in existence, w as first pastorated
by Rev. J- C. Israel; its present pastor is Rev. Wilsmi .\. Cn])e.

The Lutheran Zion's congregation was founded fortx years ago, and is now
under the pastoral charge of Rev. Ottamar Lincke.

The St. John's Reformed Church, under the first jjastoral charge of Rev. .\.
von Puechelstein, is now supplied fortnightly by Rev. Martin Oual, of ( dass-
boro, X. J.

The Baptist Congregation is the latest congregation instituted, and is under
the pastoral charge of Rev. J. AI. HoeHlin.

Societies.

( )n June 28, 1857. the first Singing Society was (jrganized by Prof. P. M.
^^'olsieft"er, the founder of the first Singing Society in the I'nited States, and it
was named "Aurora." During its existence it has participated in many Singer
Festivals abroad and carried of¥ beautiful trophies; it held also several Singing
Festivals in our midst, where many societies from the Eastern, Middle and South-
ern States participated. Its present president is Theo. H. Boysen, AI. D.; Leader,
George Mueller. It is the onl}- society of this nature still existing, where for-
merly a "Caecilia"' and "Beethoven" Alaennerchor competed with them in pro-
viding musical entertainments for the population.

The other musical societies are the Germania Cornet Band, Jacob ( )berst,
leader; Egg Harbor Amateur Orchestra, George Mueller, leader, and (ioldcn
Eagle Band, B. Bollniann, leader.

.\mong the benevolent associations can be named Pomona Lodge, Xo. 119,
I. O. I ). 1'.; Ottawa Tribe, Xo. 72. I. O. R. M.; Union Lodge, Xo. 18, A. O. U.
\V. ; Ringgold Council, Xo. 969, .\. L. H.; Antioch Castle. Xo. 44, K. G. E.; Pride
of Egg Harbor Temple, X"o. 16, L. G. E.; Egg Harbor Mutual Life Association.

The Agricultural Society was organized March «;, 1859. Its object in dis-
seminating useful seeds and plants, in keeping a model garden for testing of fruits,
vines and plants, proved eminently successful during the first years of the settle-
ment. After the County Society had relinc|uished the holding of annual agricultural
fairs, this society took hold of it. It obtained a lease from the city of the present
Fair Grounds, where from year to year it erected the necessary buildings and
improved the same and also the grounds. It continued to hold the annual fairs

CHARLES E. ULMER, M.D.

ARMOR CITY.

until June i. 1888. wlu-n the nu-nihers the
interests to a stock association, entitled tl
Horticultural Association." which has evei
it has for later years always suffered a defii

The (k-rnian St. Xichnlas 1

Eji-o- Harbor Buil.lin- and
shares are issued in annual ser
1899. l-ive series liave ahead

)t the

. I'.enehcial .society wa^ i.r-anized in i8f)(..
lan Ass.ieiatidu was .iri^anized in 1884. The
an<l thf sixteenth series was cjpcned in June,
ualui-ed; a series generally niaturiuL;- in \ t,!)
lunnllis. The receipts for the year ending;-
June 12. iS(j(). were $32,784.20: assets. $101.-
.^3,v.^4: liabilities, $95,275.38, nn 1638 shares
and matured certificates, showini; a net ,^ain
lor the fiscal year of $6,058.1(1. The ].r(.scnt
iifticers are: blenry Kann, President: Idien.
II. I'.ny.^ui. M. I). .'Secretary: ITe.l. W. I'.er--
niann, Treiisurer: Directors. John Roesch,
Henry l-T^cher. William Mall." Henry lleitz.
Henry \'o.-s. |ose].h En.oelhardt.

The Eo-g Harbor Conunercial I'.ank was
organized in 1889. with an authorized capital
of $50,000. of which $25,000 is paid in. Its
first president was Samuel Rothholz. The de-
posiis. (Jctober. 1889, amounted to $22,087.47:
in (.)ctober, 1899, they amounted to S113,-
410-83. Present surplus fund, S4.f)3().oo. Tinil
three years ago no diviilends were declared,
declared a regular annual di\i-

nu suice.

FREDERICK BERCHTOLDT,

The

(lend ol SIX per

ilious bank Imilding was erected in i8i)(i. at
a cost of about $5 .000.

The officers and directors are: Ktjbert ( >hnmeiss. Tresident: I'rederick
Schuchardt. \'ice-President; Charles A, I'.aake. Secretary and Solicitor: ( ieorge
Freitag. John Roesch, Charles Cast. John C. Stenlx'r. Earnest A. Schmidt. John
Cavileer and Herman Dietz. Cashier.

.AL\xu

URE:

The leading manufactory is that of clothing, in about twenty establishments
employing nearly 300 hands; the leading establishments are those of Frederick
Schuchardt and George Roesch. employing from twenty to thirty hands each.

Jacob Eiselstein's Parchment Paper Factory is one of the leading (.>nes in
this State, and he is hardly able to fill his numerous orders.

Winterbottom. Carter & Co.. in South Egg Harl)or. employ about twenty-
five hands in the manufacture of bone handles for knives, etc.

The manufacture of cigars, which twenty-five ijr thirty years ago was the

JOSEPH FRALINGER.

v.r.G

AKB(.)K CITY.

leading industry, has gradually duindkd
a small number of hands. The leading
John \ autrinot, Philip A. llergmaiui. juli

As early as 1858, A I
vations was leil tei the
adapted to the growth (
sueh a i)ri)noiniced chara

CAPTAIN CHARLES SAALM«

Wm. Str
lin Charl

Wink.

(lied ent.ininlngist, frcint his . .hser-

ni .if the country uas prenliarlx

farmer and lot owner, and

it proving so successful and
remunerative, it gradually
extended to such a se()])e as
to be the leailing place in
the Eastern States, and to
be the inducement of draw-
ing many settlers to this
community.

Among those most active
in this industry at its start
may l)e mentione.l .Messrs.
.\ugust lleil, John II. lian-
uihr. lohn lUitterliof. Chn>.

Saalman, llernKui Kayser,

I'hili]) .^teigauf. (,'hri.-.lian
Kuebler, William I'.ehn^ .\

lohn Steinlein and others.

m. Julius 111

Iman. in 1865, after serving his adopted ct)untry four
\ears during the civil war. joined the settlement at Egg Harbor City, and with
youthful vigor, commenced to clear and cidtivate his acres, ^^'ith that inborn
love of the German for the vineyanl and its ]>roducts, the wine, he planted the
grape, first for his own use, because the educated German hates whiske\ and
brandy and regards them as abominations. It was up-hill work at first. a> onl\
the Isabella and Catawba varieties were then grown. They were meagre yielder-
of an inferior quality. Mr. Hull, of Massachusetts, had not then originated his
Concord grape, an enormous yielder of a fair quality for wine. I'.ut it was not
till the Norton of Virginia, the Ives and the Clevner grape were discovered that
the wine growers could cry out ''Eureka," and Ijy judiciously mixing these varie-
ties produce a red wine of the Burgundy tyjje ecpial to the best varieties of sunny
France. The soil on gravelly slopes, full of iron, with a favoralde climate. hel]icd
to bring the grapes to perfection, so that in 1872 about 700 acres were jilanted in
Egg Harbor vineyards where large stone \aults were erected from local quarries
for its extensive manufacture and storage.

It was at this time that our national government, appreciating the great help

CAPT. S. S. HUDSON.

EGG H.\KBOR CITY,

which Hght, pure wines would affdnl to combat the use of stroiiy and (
drinks, authorized the 1 department of Agriculture to make a cliemica
of some of the American wines, and the follow iiit;- was the report from i'
from Egg Harbor Cit\-:

ll'iishingtoii. D. C. May 3,

DlCI'ARTMICXT OF Aoi^K ri/ITRi:.

Examination of "lllack' Rose'" wine, \intaj,;e of 1S77, fmr.! ('lias.
Egg Harbor City, N. J. Received April nth, iSSi.

Specific gravity OjjgJi

Weight per cent, of alc( ihol g.86

Volume per cent, ui alcohol 12.3 i

Per cent, of total solids 1.94

Per cent, of total ash 0.170

Per cent, of potassium O.095

Per cent, of bitartrate

Per cent, of volatile acids staled as acetic acid 0.375

Per cent, of fixed acids -lated as acetic acid 0.287

Per cent, total acids as tartaric acid 0.736

A sound agreeabk' "L'laret," free from harmful or unwarrantable
moderately astringent, and well suited fnr medicinal use. It lias evide
carefully made and jireserved.

\'erv respectfullv,

PETER COLLIER, C

ft'V.l I'fn

Klilitions,
mlv been

DEWEVS WINE VAULTS

Recent results are much more favorable than the first, and since then man_\
medals and honors have been bestowed upon the pro<lucts cjf these vineyards, liko

fl ^

NICHOLAS J. JEFFRIES.

the ,i;ol(l an.l silver medals trom the I Vnns\ Ivaiiia hair ni I'hiladelphia and the
I-'xpositidii rniverselle at I'aris. TIk- i'< isierin^; eare nf ilu- direeinr- .if the
Camden and Atlantic Railroail Company hnnii^ln many prominent men i<i the
vaults and vineyards. The industry prospered heycuid expectatiMii till iS.Sd. when
a threatening cloud came upon the horizon. Tlie L;rape rot ai)peared and sn.in
spread over the entire district, destroying- \ear after year this important cro])
which had become the main dependence of many a German settler and farmer,
filling with dismay the owners of productive acres. ( irape vines were extensivelv
dug up and the land devoted to other croi)s.

Through the persistent efforts of the Depanment of .Agriculture, a remedy
for this terrible scourge was found at last in the spraxing of the vines, with the
so-called Bordeaux mixture. Hope returned to dur \intners: neglected vinevards
were trimmed anew and new vines planted. There is now a strong belief that
the wine whose virtues are praised by the pi)ets of all nations will bring pr<ps-
perity again to our farmers and happiness to man.

The accompanying illustrations are of the vine-embowered home of Capt.
Saalman and the large, crowded vaults of H. T. Dewey & Sons Com])any. whose
enterprise makes a ready and unlimited market for the products nt every vine-

yard of the surrounding territory. 1".
skill required in converting the several
of wines to give the proper color and tl
During the harvest season, day an
firm whose main office is at Xo. 138
divided attention to cverv detail of the

E VAULTS

n-eci

ate

the

spec

kn-

wle.l.

■iet

es n

gr.

ipes

into

the

my v,i

ir \

vhicl

dis

tin,L

uislu

s t

len

i.d

t .M

( ;

■1 irL

re E.

we\

. one

lltc

n St

eet

w ^■

.irk

. g

ves h

.rk

{ )

m ^

xpcr

en.

wine

i:i4 DA1L^' L'XIOX IIlSTom' OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

can fully appreciate the great care necessary in handling the juices from the
several varieties of grape as the_\- pass through the various stages of fermentation
and purification to produce the proper color and flavor. The hundreds of casks
of all sizes and ages in the large vaults, kept under the strictest regulations are
a sight worth seeing.

Unfermented grape juice for medicinal antl sacramental purposes is sent to
market by the carload to meet an unlimited demand. Should grape growing
regain its old time proportions the Messrs. Dewey would still be unable to meet
the demand for this product of German skill and industry from South Jersey soil.

Others at present engaged in this industry are John Schuster, S. Oberst &
Sons, Joseph Butterhof. Herman Kayser, August Heil, Charles Borm, L. F.
Schirmcr, P'rederick I'iedler. I'hilip Bergniann, Rev. A. \"an Riel, and L. N.
Renault.

The best varieties of grapes grown in this vicinity are Norton's Virginia
Seedling, Claevenar, Ives Seedling, Concord, Diogenes, Franklin, Elvira.

Among the oldest settlers of Egg Harbor City still surviving may be men-
tioned: Louis Roesch, Ignatius Roesch, Christian Oeser, John Neubauer, Chris-
tian Wey, John Butterhof, August Heil, Herman Kayser, William Beyer, Charles
Schwoerer, Christian Gaupp, William Karrer, Philip Bergmann, Sr., John Ul-
brich, Frederick Storz, Franciz C. Regensburg, George Freitag, Henry Winter-
berg, John Reichenbach, Louis Lurch, Charles Kraus, Frederick Masche, Moritz
Rohrberg, John C. Steuber, John Prasch, Kasimer Stattler, Bernard Grawe, B.
A. Wennemer, Sr., George Eckelkamp, Jacob Kaenzig, Joseph Wehming, J.
Daniel Roeder, Frederick NefT, J. J. Seilheimer, Conrad Karrer, Philip Doell,
Frederick Bub, Charles Grunow, William Krieg, Peter Joseph Schwickerath,
Gustav Guenther, Edward Richter, Frank Lothspeich, V. P. Hofmann, Ernst
Roel, Peter Hartmeier, Edward Ivauscher, L. X. Renault. John Hucnke, A.
Kienzle, Jos. Sahl, E. W. Auerljach, August Ebert, Airs. Agatha Schorp, J. L.
Baier, Sr., Mrs. Henry Brander, Mrs. E. S. Mueller, John Schuster, Mrs. J. J.
Fritschy, Frederick Hennis, Mrs. E. Weisenborn, Mrs. Martin Henschell, Mrs.
E. Weldy, Mrs. Sophia Kaelble, Mrs. Casper Breder, Henry Bange, Mrs. Peter
Goebbels, Mrs. A. Beyer, Dr. Roljert Reimann, Hugo Maas. Carl Winterberg,
Peter Braun, Airs. E. Aleister, Airs. E. Braunbeck, Airs. Sophia Hiller. Airs. H.
Trisch. J. F. W. Schulz, Afrs. Alary Heitz, Airs. Rosine Oberle, Louis Alessinger,
Henry W^interljerg, John Xanke.

Htlantic (rount\?

OFFICIAL ELECTION RETURNS

As Canvassed by the County Board of Klection at Mays' Landing on Friday,
November lo, iSgo.

Wards, Tow>

AND

Townships.

Atlantic City.

First Ward— 1st Preci

Setond " — 1st "

" " —2d

Third " —1st '■

" —2d

" —3d

Fourth " —1st

Absecoii

Brigantine — 1st Precinct..

Buena Vista

Egg Harbor City

Egg Harbor Township

Gallowav — 1st Precinct...
" " —2d

Hamilton

Hammonton — 1st Precinc

Linwood

Longport

Mullica

Pleasantville

Somers' Point

South Atlantic City

VVevraouih

Totals

Total Rep. Pluraliti(

191
313
145
227

298
134

;!S(54 1S90 391

,_;

—

183

2r,(i

2U)

273

120

163

240

2S(1

242

109

122

IS4

148

192

257

150

117

146

125

167

112

170

117

li:'.

110

187

14.1

-40

•>•)

♦35

(iO

120

210

1.55

1 43

7()

105

i:;

1.58

1.5

■~^

3645

2139

369

]il74

233

132

119

101

136 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

State Census, 1895.

The follow iiit;- is a copy of the tabulation of the State Census of 1895, ^s
pre])are(l 1]\ the Secretary of State; and for the purpose of comparison, the
I'niteil States Census of 1890 is also triven:

Atlantic County. 1895. 1890.

Al)>econ 5^^ 501

Atlantic I'ity 18, 321) C^055

Mrst W anl 3,622

Secon.l Wanl 3.114

Thinl W'ar.l 5.720

P'ourth ^^'ar^l 5'873

Brigantine Borough 138

Buena Vista Townshi]) i .424 i .299

Egg Harbor City i .557 1 ,439

Egg Harbor Township (n(5t including llonnigh of

South Atlantic Cit\ 1 1 .^,-2

Borough of South Atlantic City 85

Galloway Township -.375 2,208

Hamilton Township (not including relays Lan<lingi. . 462

Alays Landing 'v^S')

1,821 1. 512

Hammonton Township 3428 3.833

Linwood Borough 526 ....

Mullica Township 825 697

Pleasantville Borough 1.543 ■ ■ • •

Soniers Point Borough 230 ....

\\'eyniouth I'.orougli 573 538

34.730 28,856

'^x^'W'iy

'%%^

THE EARLIEST SETTLERS.

R|-'.\ l( )L'S l,i the ailvc-nt cf K-reniiah Leeds upnn -AhseediKr' heacli

resiilents here. \\ hatever title to the hinds there iiiii;iu have-l)een
at that early da_\- seems to have vested in tlie muiieroiiN Steehiian
family or in the West Jersey imiprietor^. successor, to the Kiii«- l)etore the War
for Independence.

The abundance .if j;anie and U>h. the fre(|nency of shipwrecks and the un-
disturbed isolation of the ishmd. must ha\e made it an attracti\e spot for refugees
from war or justice.

Several cabins had luen built and clearings made among- the sandhills when
Jeremiah first stei>ped f( m it ii|ion the >oil, making it tirsi his temporary and in
about 1783 his i)ermanent abode.

These different clearmgs or -fields," as they called them, even after Leeds
little li\ little aci|uired title to and control nl

- - ' ■ _• entire island, bore different

)an's l-ield." -o called fn.m it^
land, coutaint

first house, in 1844, and 1

IN DAYS OF OLD.

HISTORY OF ATLANTIC CriA', 13'.

"Samp's I'ield," whicli took its name from 1 Iczoiliali Sampson, inchulnl the
present site of Central .M. !•:. Church and the l'ir>t I'.aptist t'lmreh. on I'acifu
avenue.

"Inlet Field" was a leveled clearing, where the ol.l -ah uork. were huill al
the Inlet, at present mostly loeated in the Inlet Chaimel outside the lloardwalk

"Beach Field" was near the corner of .Massachusetts and Atlantic avenues
nearer the beach than the "old field" where pioneer Leeds s|icnl the last hll\
j-ears of his long life.

On the inside beach at .South .\tlantic in an ol)scure s|iot \\a- a ca\e oi
hiding place occupied for a time during the war of iSij 1)\ one I'.ill l)a\. ar
alleged deserter, who was employed by Hezediah .Samjison. who lived near, am
who would give Day a signal when <langer was nigh so he coulil escape to hi^
cave and elude his pursuers.

PLENTY OF WILD GAME,

Robert 1'., Leeds still own> the old-fa.-l
used in preparing ammunition for his big gui
providing fresh meat for his family, d hi^ g
ordinary man could easily handle. With it
black ducks at one shot, and firing into a He
of them. On another occasion Leeds fired
larger than a mudhen, wdiich then abounded
discharge of his big gun.

The eggs of wild fowl were gathered b\
rich and wholesome food.

There were acres of duck iionds where now are graded streets and hand-
some homes. The section from Alaryland to South Carolina avenues from At-
lantic avenue to the meadows, was known as Squawktown, — low, swampy ground,
with trees, vines and briars, where fiocks of squawks could always be found.
Many kinds of birds which are now rarely seen could lie gathered on the meadows
and about the l)avs bv the l)ushel.

CITY COAT OF ARMS.

|<|r\ R. JA.MES NORTH designed the nuuiicipal coat-of-arms for .\tlautic
J^ City, The escutcheon consists of a shell, in which is a view of the ocean,
a section of the boardwalk and three yachts, suppcjrted by two dol|ihin>.
and two Lirecian maids personifxing health, holding the caduceiis, meaning |)o\ver,
wisdom and activity in one hand and fiowers of pleasure in the otiier. Sur-
mounted by dolphins and the light-house. The motto "Consilio et Prudentia" (l)y
counsel and prudence), makes complete the typical characteristics which are repre-
sented. The citv colors are blue and white.

.ne.l s

lot moul

1 whicl

his f

itlu-r

which

destroy e(

so mu

ch game in

n was

larger ai

d heav

er thr

n an

the o\

vner onc(.

killed

twent

v-si\

k of s

[uawks h

■ killed

forty-

eight

nto a

fiock of

lady sn

ipe. a

bird

and k

lied seve

ny-ti\e

at a s

ingle

the ])(.

ck or bu.

hcl auc

were

very

— <!

\
j \

/ ^

^kP

^^ '

^'^""^Tl^'

■"^|21-^

■jb/

j^i^ -^

ij^TW^

W^MC

■n

3^jj

vSvwv sK

OLD WHALER BEACHED.

5tonni? an^ lUicchi?.

;. uh.. wa,- l.nni Mil iln> i>lan,

1 ill

tin.' worst sioriii that lu- o\ct

kiK-

r. Jciviniali l.ce.

1>. cliol.

■htisctts avciuios.

with a

; now all built up

. Then-

ic: the house of

Andrew

V*: he was a boy. i i years old.

He remembers distiiietl\- ni hearing; the roar ol' the surf almi!; liie
beaches particularly loud ami threatening;- as he stnud in the doorway of lii> iionie
while the northeast storm was oalherinii'.

It was in Deeeml)er. 1831). the year after his fa
Their house stood at the corner of lialtic and .\la:
large field and farm eastwardly from the house where
were only four or tive houses on the island at that time

Leed... where the Islan.l House now is. the old >ah work- al least one s.|
out in th.e Inlet channel from the r.uanlwalk at Mediterranean avenue, and
Ryan Adams house still standing near Maryland and Arctic avenues.

The storm rageil for several days as only a coast storm can. dri\iiig
waters into the bays and flooding- the meadows and higher land as the\- had 11
been flooded l.)efore in the memory of man. I'.oats could sail in tlu' field> al
the house. Water stood one and a half or two feet deep around the barns
haystacks where sheep and cattle were. Xo storm tide since that time has
flooded the island there as the great storm of 1839 did.

The most remarkable storm Mr. Leeds ever knew was a .St. Patrick
nor'easter. in ?\Iarch. 1852. He was a young man then and used to go off s
to see hi- girl, a certain Miss Caroline English, who. the following \])ril. bee
his wife, and has been his devoted helpmeet ever since.

I )n March 16 two distinct sundogs were notice<l, an omen of foul wea
Init that did not prevent the sn-iitten Barclay from going in his sloo]) yacht ac
Lake's Bay to attend a party. The next morning the -torin was worse, bu
hardly realized how severe it was as he started in his boat to return. 1 K-
nearly swamped on the bay liefore he reached this island, cast anchor and dro]
his sail. A tei-nporary lull in w-ind enabled him to pnx'eed and safel\- inakt
landing, after an exciting and desperate experience.

That was the time that 125 vessels of all sorts found a harbor of reuige 1
It so happened that a large fleet, none of them larger than Joo tons, had leit
York for the south when the storm can-ie up. Some of these vessels ])ut in at 1
Egg Harbor, above: some made (Jreat Egg Harbor, below, but most oi t
filled the bay and thoroughfare here, from the Inlet around to where the d
bridges are now. I-'or two or three days they were here waiting for tlu- -1
to clear up. The scene of so main- sails and sailors can better be imagined
descril>ed. There were collisions and more or less excitement and coiifti
luit i-io serious losses. Xever before nor since has sue!) an incident occurreil.

About I8^7 or 48. the I'lorida came ashore on llrigantine beach, lo.

JOHN COLLINS RISLEY.

Ii \\a>

im(ll,T-lMn,l

,h ni (,;.

.■liar (.reck.

w sunk

(lurinii; il-.e

apt. IT,

ice told the

niucli 1.

.11-er. Tlie

with tea. >\\k. hie eraekers an.l other - U -lireel tr,.ni U.ma. I his wreck

occurred in broad daylioln and was a total loss. 'I'lie |.eo|ile -allured uji cliots

April J3. iStiO. the slii]) Zimho. of I '. irtsiiioiith. hound from Calcutta to .\ew
York, witii a cargo of juti-. struck on r.riu;aniine Sh>pal> dnrini;- a lu'axy fo.u; and
had to cut away the sjjars. Iler rudder was -due and >he was leakin-- sli-hil\.
.\ wreckiii!.;- steamer was sent to her as-istanci- fnim .\\\\ \'ork.

a ver\ se\ere snow storm on h'riday ui^lii. .Maridi J3
that he had run his vessel, leaded with manure, into
aud was floating a scow of the manure u\) the creek.
nit,dit, while u]) the creek, and after walking;- some di

the storm until niornin-. When at la-t he had reached the mainlau.l and -iveu
informati'iu. search was at once nunle. hut when found Capt. I 'rice was frozen
dead.

.\ storm which l.e-au on I'riday. .March 23, iSdS. was by far the ^evereM
of that year. The winil was territic. howling, teariui; and driviut; the sn.iw in
all directions, piling huge drifts behind every 1)uilding, fence aud tree, comi.letely
obstructing travel on the highways as well as on the railroad. It wa> estim.ited
from careful measurement that tb.e snowfall was iS inches. The trains were not
able to resume their regular trips until the following .Monday.

( )n December 17, 1866, the llritish brig Huron, (./apt. Rayt. from Cardenas,
loaded with sugar, went ashore about twci miles south 1 pf ( ireat h.gg liarbor and
became a total wreck.

l-"e1)ruary 5, 1867, there was a large .steamer asln
bearing the name of Cassandra, from .\ew ( )rleaus foi
oak-built vessel of 1284 tons register, aud about tin-
consisted of 836 bales of cotton, 82 l:)ales of moss, 301
14 rolls of leather and 16 packages of merchandise.
Capt. Daniel McLaughlin and was a total wreck.

A verv severe storm of rain and wind occurred (jv
The tides were very full.

The schooner Rapidan, from Yorktown, \'a., v

ashore by the heavy sea near the lighthouse, on ( )ctol)er

off by Capt. J. Townsend, after being ashore o\-er foui

Among the severe storms recorded as \i-iting .\t

storm of December 2^. 1870.

The schooner C. I'. Hot=fman, Capt. J. \ . .Mbertsou, from Chincoteague for
New York, loaded with oysters, went ashore tifteen mile.- south of h'euwick's
Island, on .Saturday, March 2, 1872. The crew were all >aved, but sutTered
severely from the storm and cold. In this storm ('apt. Henry Kisley, of the
schooner \Vm. J. Rose, and a brother-in-law of Cain, .\lbertson, wa- lost witii
all her crew off H(ig Islan<l.

I'.riga

mine

York.

She

rs .lid.

llei

;obacc.

'• -'.X^i

ismasi

ted am

1 di

870.

She wa

■s g'

ks.

■ Cit>

was tl

le ■

JOHN LAKE YOUNG.

-DOLl'H" l'ARK|-.RS A DN' I-:.\TUK1C^ 1 |.-,

Capt. Samuel H. Cavilccr. (if \\>r{ Kcpulilic, was lost at -ra in Scptcmln-r.
1876. Duriny- the civil war lie served with ^reat credit and came licmie a lieu-
tenant. He was Sheriff of Atlantic C'cunUy during the year> n\ iSdS. iS()i) and
1870, and was elected hy the Repnhlican party to the Legislature in 1S71, and
re-elected in 1872. After conclusion of his leo'islative labors, Cajit. Cavileer
opened a store at Port Repidilic. which he attended until he aj^'ain became' ile-
sirous to follow the sea.

The tempest in September, \^jl>. was the most severe experienced at Atlantic
City for the previous ten years. The intense force of the wind snow-cap])ed the
breakers, and drove the tides in which washed away the frail boardwalk, upset-
ting bath houses and sweeping- away pavilions. Xo dwellings were injured.

The heaviest snow storm that had visited .\tlantic City for sexeral \ears
was on January i, 1877.

"DOLPH" PARKER'S ADVENTURE.

One of the most thrilling- adventures and escapes that ever occurred in this
city was that of Adolphus Parker, who. alone on the schooner Twilight, was
driven to sea in a severe storm on the morning of Thursday, January 27,. 1878.
Young Parker, then a boy of fifteen, was alone on board this seventy-ton schooner,
which was anchored in the Inlet off Ktim Point. A furious gale from the north-
cast was blowing when, at 11 a. m., the cable parteil and the craft was like an egg
shell at the mercy of the storm. In passing out tlie Inlet channel the boat struck
bottom below the pavilion and then veered to the north. \'ouiig Parker, at the
wheel, tried to beach her on Brigantine, biU in vain. (Jft' the it-iside buoy he
dropped the kedge anchor, but lost it. The life saving crew discovered him and
launched their boat, but were unable to reach him through the boiling surf.
Citizens saw the boat pass out the Inlet and soon learned of the peril of the boy
on board. That was an anxious night for his people, who could render no aid
in such a storm. Parker realized his danger, but with great courage and presence
of mind kept at the wheel all that day and night as he was driven away from the
continent. ^lorning dawned and brought slight cessation of the storm. Ilunger
forced the boy to lock his wheel and go into the cabii-i for a lunch, which his con-
stant exertions 'and privations the previous twenty-four hours made imperative.
While eating- he was startled by a voice outside, "Hello! Do you want your boat
sunk?" Rushing on deck he saw a vessel that had passed and was soon out
of sight.

The story of the Twilight and the boy at the helm might have ended there.
The weather continued thick, but Parker bent all his energies to pointing his
ship towards the shore and before nightfall was gladdened by the sight of land.
He tried hard to reach the Inlet he had left, but alone and exhausted he was
unable to do so. Finally, worn out and with bleeding hands he succeeded in
beaching the Twilight at Shell Gut Inlet, near Little Egg Harbor station, Xo. 24,
where he was rescued by the life savers and where his vessel went to pieces. It
was several months before Parker recovered froni the exhaustion of his severe
ordeal.

HARRY H. DEAKYNE.

XTbc IDcluntcer jfire 2)cpartincnt.

■ The early history of the Athintic C'it\ Xnhiiitecr l-irc I JepartnuTit i> practi-
cally a history of, and begins with, the L'nited States I-'ire Cunipany, Xo. i. Tnis
company is the pioneer of the present extensive and nnulern deiiaitnirnt. hut it
was not surrounded with any luxuries at its l)irth or in posression, durint; the
early years of its existence, of even what would now be consideretl the barest
necessities in the way of fire apparatus. The cit\' had no organized fire protec-
tion or apparatus excepting two small hand ]Hun])s. one belonging to Win. (i.
Bartlett and tlie other to Alois Schaufler. until 1874. Early in that vear C'itv
Council, by resolution, appointed thirteen citizens as a fire committee, wiio were
to turn out and fight fire when needed, and on October 19. T874. a coimnittee
of Council was appointed with power to purchase such fire apparatus as. in their
estimation, the city needed. This committee, on Xovember 2d. re])orted the pur-
chase of a hand engine and truck of Thomas H. Peto. a well-known dealer in
second-hand fire apparatus in Philadelphia. The total ecjui]Mnent was oik- hand
engine. $650; one ladder truck and fittings. $450; 700 feet of second-hand ruliber
hose. $658; total. $1,758. Also a two-wdieeled hose crab.

It will be observed that our cit\- fathers did not Ixdiexe in jnu'chasing an\'
new apparatus. Probably they had their dnulits al)out the city existing long
enough to wear out new goods.

In the meantime the fire coimnittee of citizens (the majority of them having
been members of volunteer fire comiianies in Philadelphia. lialtiniore and other
cities previous to taking up their residence here.) had decided to merge themselves
into a fire company, the result being that the L'nited States I^ire Conipanx'. \o. 1.
of this city, was organized on the evening of December 3. 1874. in the West End
Hotel, occupied by Archie Pleld.

The original thirteen citizens appointed by Council, constituting the charter
members, are as follows:

George W. Martin. Robert A. I-"ield. (leorge Eeates. Andrew Snee. Sanniel
Trilley, Thomas Trenwith. William S. Cogill. 1). K. I3onnelly. l'.>ron P. Wilkins.
William Somers, Hosea Blood. William Baker. Henry McKinsex .

Of these original thirteen four are deceased, four have long since moved
away, and the remaining five are still living in this city.

(Jn December 7th Council appointed Messrs. Kep]). Riley and I-Vench a
coimnittee to select a lot upon which to erect an engine house, and on December
2 1st the committee reported in favor of the rear portion of the City Hall lot.
fronting on Tennessee avenue. On January 4. 1873. the committee's report was
accepted and a committee consisting of Messrs. Erench. Riley, bihnson and
Shinn appointed and in.structed to secure bids for the building. The contract
for erecting the engine house was awarded to Joel K. Leeds nn l-ebruary 15th
(147,

WILLIAM A. BELL.

Till- \-()LL-XTRF.R FIRI- DI-.TARTM F.XT. UO

and on July 17th follow in^;'. Cmincilnian Kcpii rc))cirtccl (irdrrin^-. fnun llu-
McShane Foundry ,if UaltinKnc. a lirr IkII t.. wi'i-h 1300 ]unuuU. al a o,>i ni
$450. This bell was placed in the Inwer uf the City liall. and its iron tnn-tie
sounded man)- a hre call in ileep and well reinemhered tones. tinall\ strilsin.i; its
own death knell on the ni.n-nin.; of An-tist 17. iS.,,:;, wlun the Cit\ Hall and
Opera House were Imrnicl.

The engine house was aecepte.l hy Council in October. 1S73. and the lirst
apparatus, which had been kept in I'.artlett's barn, was housed therein.

But, among our citizens and C'oiincihneii of those earl\ d;i>s could be lound
a good many pessimists who were ikcidedly o])posrd to the lorniation ot ,a tire
company. Tliey looked with suspicion ii]ion the nio\e and expressed -raxe
doubts as to the otitconie. .^onie of the ol.lest and. supposed to be, wisi'st of our
citizens were the strongest o])poneiits. and ga\e it as their solemn opinion and
conviction, that "You ma}- look out for lots of tires now that some of them old
Philadelphia fire sharps and toughs have started a fire company." In f.ict to
them, a volunteer fireman seemed to be only another name for a tire bug. As
a natural result there was considerable friction and diti'erence of ojiinion between
the fire company and the city fathers.

Council was willing to allow the company to drag the apparatus to fires and
do the work, but would not trust that valuable outfit in their sole charge. The
compariy, very justly, claimed that they should be the custodians and have entire
charge of the apparatus, without an\- conncilmanic strings attached, it the\- were
expected to do the work when needed.

Finally, on March 5, 1877, Council decided to be very liberal in the matter,
and by resolution agreed to permit the company to use the building and apjja-
ratus "under the supervision of the Committee on Protection of Property. ' and
certain other restrictions and conditions.

The company refused to accept the offer or operate the engine under these
conditions, and notified Council to that effect at their next meeting, on .March
I2th, but decided to continue their organization for mutual protection and benefit
in case of fire, whereupon Council accepted their resignation and. on iiiotir)n,
declared them discharged and disbanded, and proceeded to authorize a prominent
member of their body to organize a new committee of citizens "to take ch.irge of
the apparatus and operate the same in case of fire." It appears there was ver\-
little loose material from which to construct this new committee, and the tem-
perature must have dropped somewhat below fever heat during the next se\en
days, as the records show that on March igth, on motion, the word "discharged
and disbanded," as referring to the fire companx', were stricken frtim the niintites
of Council, and on April 6th, the entire body was a])i5ointed a committee to confer
with the fire company.

Three days later, on April 9, 1877, the Uarstow fire occurred. This fire is
well remembered by our older citizens as one of the "wicked" ones. Starting at
the corner of Pennsylvania and Atlantic avenues, and fanned b\- a stiff northeast
wind, it was soon under full headwax". and it aiiiieared but the (luestioii of a ivw

HARRY WOOTTON, ESQ.

THF; \-ni.L-X-l-l-.I'R riKK i:il- IWKTMI'XT, i.-,i

minutes before the entire hlnek to XDrtii Caroliiia avemu- wnuld l)e in tlaine> ami
doomed to destruction. Tlie ajjparatus was hurried tn the -ccne. luit those wim
were in charge, not having the requisite "know liow." were unable to |)nt the
engine in service, and tlie niendiers of the tire coni|)an\- had r.illied to the assist-
ance of their foreman. ( ieo. W. .Martin, and were moving iiis goods from the
Bartlett Hall Market, but the\ promptly res])onded to the urgent requests of
their fellow citizens to take charge of the apparatus, and soon had the pumps
going and two good streams playing upon the fire, and after a stiff battle checked
the flames when half way to the alley, and within a space of less than twelve
inches between buildings. Two of the pipe men, (ieo. Keates and Theodore
^lartin, both since deceased, were nearly o\erconie by the heat and smoke, but
stuck to their posts to the finish, when the\- had to be assisted from the roof of
the adjoining building. Mr. Keates came very near losing his eyesight from ex-
posure to the intense heat. This fire burnt U]) all of the red tape and controversv
on the subject and most of the pessimists had their fear and susi)icion of vohnueer
firemen roasted out of them at the same time.

Shortly after this fire an ordinance passed Council givin.g to the fire com-
pany entire control of the apjiaratus and management of the fire service, includ-
ing occupancy of the engine house.

The water supply at that time was obtained entirely from cisterns and sur-
face wells, about six feet deep. As it took but a few minutes to empty one of these
supplies it reciuircd frequent changing of hose and moving of the apparatus to
keep up the service. Idie hand engine was a powerful one of its kind, and re-
quired thirty-two men on the levers when under full swing. It was constructe<i
by Pool and Hunt, who were celebrated engine builders of r.altiniore, where it
was in service for a number of years before the civil war. It was sold to a fire
compan}' in Hagerstown, Marvland, and while located there, during the war. wa^
put in service at a fire by Federal soldiers, who were volunteer firemen from
towns in Pennsylvania.

In June, 1878, the I'nited States h'ire Company purchaseil a second-hand
Amoskcag engine. This was the first steam fire engine in this cit\ .

The next large fire, known as the Reed fire, was on Xo\end)er 13. :.S7S.
when Edward S. Reed's cottage and ,-tore, Lewis Reed's store and dwelling;.
Shinnen's shoe store and James Reed's cottage were burned.

Another well remembered fire of the early days, which destroyed the Wind-
sor Hotel on Pacific avenue and the Dullmore on North Carolina avenue oc-
curred on the morning of December 30. 1880, with the temperature six degreees
below zero and two feet of snow on the level. At this fire the old hand engine
performed its last great service. The steamer was disabled at the start on accoimt
of frozen and bursted water flues, but the hand engine was kept hard at it for
over three hours under great difficulties and won a splendid victor\-. The col<l
was so intense that boiling water hatl tn be jxiured inln the pinnj) cxlinders con-
tinuously to prevent freezing while in o])eration. just after ihi- lire, on J.amiary
II. 1881, the city purchased a small Clapp and Jones engine and placed it in
charge of the United States l-'ire Company.

ARTHUR W. KELLY, ESQ.

TFIF. VOI.UXTF.F.R FIKF. DFl'AKTM F.XT lo3

( )n June K). iSS_>. water was first turiR-d inm ilu- mains ni' ilu Atlantic (.'ily
Water Works Company (knuwn as thr W.i. ul t'nnii)anvi. 'I'lu- liand m-ino linn
passed out of service and cisterns were nn l.mi^er depencU'il njiiin fnr liie cinl\
water supply in case of tire. A I'ew year- later the Stales nhtained title to the
hand engine and it is still in their possessimi.

The I'nited States l-'ire Company, as the pioneer (ir^anizati.in, ]ierf. irnied
fire service in this city for eii^iit years hefure the intrdductii )n of a niudern water
supply, and during the first years of its existence received nci t'mancial aiit fn mi
the city, depending entirely upon themselves and their friends for maintenance.
Their first appropriation was $50 per year, later this was raised to $100. at which
figure it remained until 1884. when it was made S200. At present api)ropriations
are $2,500 for some of the comjxanies.

During the twenty-five years of its history over two lumdred citizens h.ave
been members of the I'nited States I'ire Com]nm\-. Thirty-fixe are deceased.
some haved moved away, other- joined other companies and some dro]ipe<l out
of line.

In addition to the thirteen charter ineiiiliers, the following are some of oiu'
well-known citizens who joined the company during its earlx hislorv :

Charles W. Maxwell. David Johnston. Wm. H. Smith. Samuel I'.. Rose. Wm.
Caemmerer, Simon L. Westcott, George F. Currie. John 1'.. Cliam]>ion. ritinan
Carter, Joseph Thompson, Charles R. Lacy. Benjamin V. Sonder. C harles S.
Lackey, Charles W. Barstow, Jarvis Irelan. Josiah Irelan, Aanm 11 inkle. V.. (i.
Pettet, Benny Williamson, '■' Harry L. Slape.* Joseph H. Shinn." John S. Taylor.*

Seven years of active service entitles a member to be placed on the honorary
roll of his company and be relieved of fines for non-attendance at tires ,ir meet-
ings. Many, however, continue to perform active duty and remain on the
active list.

The department comprises the following conijianies chronologically arranged:

United States Fire Company. Xo. 1. December ,^. i^^74.

Neptune Hose Compaii}'. Xo. 1. ( )ctober 7. i88j.

Atlantic Fire Company. Xo. 2, December 15. i88j.

Good \yU\ Hook and Ladder Company. Xo. 1. I'ebruar} if). 1886.

Beach Pirates Chemical Company. Xo. 1. I-\'bruary 21. 1895.

Chelsea Fire Company, X'o. 6, Xovember 6, 1S95.

Rescue Hook and Ladder Company. Xo. 2, March 16. 1896.

^^'est Side Fire Company, Xo. 4, July, 1899.

\\'ith up-to-date ecjuipments in every engine house, and the ( iamewell fire
alarm system with boxes in all parts of the cit\' and atixiliar\ boxes in leading
hotels, a lightning response is made whenever a fire starts, and usuallx' the chem-
ical engine is all that gets in service.

There are thirty-six salaried men, drivers and engineers: thirty-nine trained
horses at all times in readiness at the various houses to respond to an electric
alarm. The ease and rapidity with which they get in action is really marvelous.

CHARLES G. BABCOCK.

Then.' arc tww huiidrrcl and tliirt\ arlixo and dui-
members t)f the several tii'e ei inijianies; thii-l\ -sevi
class engines, ^^S Cdniliinalinn cheniieals. d linse w;
hinatiein chemical truck and hose \\ai;cin. j jiatrol
hand carriage, ,:; i>arade wagnns. i crah, i chiel">
extinefuishers.

THE OLD SALT WORKS.

In iSi_', when there was an embargo on salt, that infant industry \\a> >tarted
on this island in charge of Zedock I'.owen. The works were located at .M.aitie
and Baltic avenues and consisted of six large tanks, two row- of three each, a
large windmill piuiip with cedar log piping to keep the xats hllrd with salt water.
Movable roofs were made so as to cover these tanks at night and on rainy days.
The water was pumped from surface wells dug in the beach san<l, as this water
was found to be very much Salter than that of the ocean. This was due to the
evaporation of so much sea water on the beach that the sand was full of salt that
could be dissolved in such wells. That was Ijefore iron pipes were made in this
part of the country. The casting of iron pipes became an important industry in
Atlantic County 40 years later.

There had previously been for many years boiling salt works on I'eter's
Beach, near P.rigantine. where salt was extracted from sea water by boiling it in
large iron pots. The evaporation process was thought to be nuich cheaper.

With canvas or muslin sails as crude wings for the windmill, ocean breezes
were utilized for power in extracting native salt from local waters at very little
expense. The works could onlv be operated in the summer time. .V good yield
was 500 to 800 bushels a year. It found a ready market in Xew \'ork and among
the resident population.

A stormtide destroyed the works in 1825. but they were rebuilt by llosea
Frambes and Ryon Adams put in charge of them till i8_^6. wdien he was suc-
ceeded by John Bryant. The latter operated the works four years successfully,
and then moved to what is now South .\tlantic City, where he oi)erate<l another
plant and was in charge of the ( iovernment Life Saving Stations foi- m.uiy years.
His house was among the sandhills on the high ridge of land where onl\ the
highest storm tides could get near it. In watching for wrecks, and signalling ti'
the mainland for assistance and aiding stranded vessels, his position was an im-
portant one after the salt industrx went to decaw

SAMUEL HASTINGS KELLEY.

Citv^ Officials fioin 1854 to 1900.

1854,— (Mayl Maycn-. IhalkKy S. l.rc-,ls; ( ii y Hcrk, )n^. li. Walker; Re-
corder." Wni. Xeligli: Alderman, Daniel Rlindes; Umncil. Steelnian Leeds. Wil-
liam Xeligh, JamJs Leeds. Kichard ilaekeit, JMlm Leeds. Ryan Adams; Treas-
urer, Robert B. Leeds.

1854.— (.Nov.) Mayor, Chalkley S. Leeds; City Clerk. I'lios. L. darretl; Re-
corder. Maurice Sanders: Alderman, Daniel 1. Rhodes ; ('i)nncil. Uieliard Maekelt,
Steelnian Leeds. Richard C. Souder, John Leeds. Ryan Ad.anis. Roheri I'.. Leeds;
Treasurer. Robert 15. Leeds.

1855.— -Mayor, Chalkley S. Leeds; City Clerk. John T. .Kndrews; Reeonler.
Robert 13. Leeds; Alderman, Robert T. hAard; Council. Rielianl liackelt. .\lan-
assah McClees. Smith Crey, Thomas C. ( iarrett. .Saiuuel Adams, Ryan Ad:ims;
Treasurer. Robert B, Leeds.

1856,— :\Iayor, J. G. W. .\very; City Clerk. Thomas C. C.arretl ; Recorder,
A\"m. W. Carter; Alderman, B, C. Danning; Council, C. S. Leeds, M. AleClees,
S. Adams, A, Turner, T. H. Bedloe, Ryan Adams; Treasurer, Smith (Irey.

1857. — Mayor, J. G. W. Avery; City Clerk. Thomas C. Garrett; Recorder,
William M. Carter; Alderman, Joshua Note; Council, C. S. Leeds, J. A, Barstow,
S. Adams. Ryan Adams. Augustus Turner; Treasurer. Wm. AL Carter,

1858. — Mayor. Dr. Lewis Reed; City Clerk, Thomas C. Garrett; Recorder,
R, C, Souder; Alderman, Jacob ]\Iiddleton; Council, Wm, Conover, C. S. Leeds,
Lemuel Eldridge, R. I!, Leeds, R. T. Evard; Treasurer, Lemuel Eldridge.

1859. — Mayor. Dr. Lewis Reed; City Clerk. Tlmmas C, Garrett; Recorder,
Smith Grey; Alderman, Jacob Middleton; Council. Wm. Conover, C. S. Leeds,
Lemuel Eldridge, John Smick, R. T. Evard; Treasurer, Lemuel Eldridge.

i860. — Mayor, Dr. Lewis Reed; City Clerk, G. S. \'arney; Recorder, Michael
Lawlor; Alderman, Wm. Souder; Council, Thos. H. Bedloe, Wm. Adams, Ryan
Adams, C. S. Leeds, Amasa Bowen; Treasurer, C. S. Leeds.

1861.— Mayor, Dr. Lewis Reed; City Clerk, E. S. Reed; Recorder. .Vl.salom
Westcdtt; Aldc'rman. Wm. Zern; Council. C, -S. Leeds, Amos Bullock, R, T.
I'Aard, Joshua X,ite, Jos. A, Barstow; Treasurer. John McClces.

1 8()2.— .Mayor, Chalkley S. Leeds; City Clerk, E. S. Reed; Recorder, William
S, Carter; .\lderman, William Zern; Council, Irving Lee, Thomas Morris, Lenuiel
Eldridge, R. T. Evard, Jos. .\. Barstow; Treasurer, John McClees.

1863.— :\Iayor. Jacob Middleton; City Clerk. K. S. Reed; Recorder. William
S. Carter; Alderman. .Michael
Adams, Lemuel Eldridge, jo
Treasurer, Jacob Keim.

1865,— Mayor, Robert T,
S. Carter; Alderman. R. B. Le

Horner; Council, J

ethro W Albertso

1. je

■emial

■ph .\. Ilar.stou, j

,shna Xote, John

nman

Kvard; City llerk.

!•:. S. Ree.l; Rec

.nler

Is; Council, Jose])h

.\. BarMow. llenr

V W.

.otton

(157)

Jeremiah Adams, Richanl Hacl^ctt. Amos lUillock. Irving Lee; Treasurer, Joseph

A. Barstow.

1866.— Mayor. David W. I'.elisle; City Clerk, I-.. S. Reed; Recorder, Wm.
S, Carter; Alderman, R. ]'.. Lewis; Council. Jacob Keim, Ur. Lewis Reed. Henry
Wootton. R. T. Evard, Eli S. Amole. Silas R. Morse; Treasurer. Richard Hackett.

1867.— Mayor. David W. Belisle; City Clerk. E. S. Reed; Recorder, William
S. Carter; Alderman, Jacob Middleton; Council, .Sihis R. Morse, Chalkley S.
Leeds, Joseph H. Rorton. Jos. A. Rarstuw, Jds. Shinnen, K. T. k".\-ard; Treasiu'er,
Jonas Higbee.

1868.— Mayor. John J. Canlner; City Clerk, Lewi> I'.vans; Recmler, Wil-
liam S. Carter; Alderman, Edmund S. Westcott; L'ouncil, Joseph II. Rortmi,
Joseph T. Note. Lemuel Eldridge, Amos RuUock, John L. llryant, Robert T.
Evard: Treasurer, Jonas Higbee.

1869. — Mayor. John J. Gardner; Cit\' Clerk. Lewis Evans; Recorder, Robert

B. Leeds; Alderman, Amos Bullock; Council. Lemuel Eldridge. Irving Lee,
Joseph H. Borton, Joshua Note, Joseph A. Barstow, John Gouldey; Treasurer.
Jonas Higbee.

1870. — Mayor, John J. Gardner: City Clerk. Lewis Evans; Recorder, Chalk-
ley S. Leeds; Alderman. J. Henry Hayes, elected by City Council, November 29,
1870, as R. B. Leeds and Jas. Shinn each received 97 votes; Council, Levi C.
Albertson, Jos. A. Barstow, Geo. E. Currie, Irving Lee, Paul Wootton. Jacob
Keim was elected by City Council. November 29, 1870; Chalkley \\'. Tompkins
and Thomas Bedloe each received loi votes; Treasurer, Chalkley S. Leeds.

1871. — Mayor, John J. Gardner: City Clerk, Andrew W. Tompkins; Re-
corder, Chalkley S. Leeds; Alderman, James S. Shinn; Council, John (iduldey,
Edward Wilson, Jonathan R. Doughty, Thomas E. I-Vench, Alois Schautler,
Eliakim Conover; Treasurer. Chalkley S. Leeds.

1872.— Mayor. John J. Gardner; City Clerk, Jos. T. Note; Recorder, Jacob
Middleton; Alderman. Hugh H. Y. AMcks: Council, James Ryder, I'ranklin 11.
Lippincott, John Harrold, Thomas E. French, ( ieo. C. llryant. Thomas C. ( iar-
rett; Treasurer, Chalkley S. Leeds.

1873. — Mayor. Dr. Chas. Bonder; City Clerk, Lewis Evans; Recorder, Jacob
Middleton; Alderman, Hugh H. ^". Wicks; Council, Geo. E. Currie. George
Anderson. Joseph A. Barstow. Richard Hackett, Richard Turner. J. Henry
Hayes; Treasurer. Chalkle\- S. Leeds.

1874. — Mayor, John J. Gardner; City Clerk, Joseph T. Note; Recorder,
Jacob Middleton: Alderman. Edward B. Reilly; Council. James S. Shinn. Jonas
Higbee. Eli M. Johnson, Edward Wilson. Thos. E. French. Lewis Repp; Treas-
urer, Chalkley S. Leeds.

1875. — Mayor. John J. Gardner; City Clerk, A. M. Uailey; Recorder, Jacob
Middleton; Alderman. Dr. Lewis Reed: Council. Joseph T. Note. Henry Wo. it-
ten. Paul Wooten. Jonas Higbee, Hugh H. Y. Wicks. Jos. A. Barstow, John L.
Bryant. Thos. E. French. R. T. Evard; Treasurer. Chalkley S. Leeds.

1876.— Mayor, Dr. Willard Wright; City Clerk, James Godfrey; Recorder.

JOHN GORMAN.

Taco

) -Mi.l,

Haninian. 1

\\n,

Mauk

1877.-

FKICIAI.S,

]i>

ikc; r,.unci
1 j. C.anliU'

. ( ico. I', (.urrir
•. jonatlian R. Do

|o|u

igluy

rrasurcr, 1 1

crk. lulwar.

A. (Jui-lry; Re.

onkT

Council, f

las. \V. Maxwrlk

T. A

. .Mason. (

ro. W. Ilinklr. 1

,s. A

ROSTER OF CITY ()

Hcton; Akk-rnian, k'.dnnnul L L;i
•:iias WVi-in. W. A. Mitclielk Join
;. j.iscph T. X.iU', Win. .Mann; T
-AJayor, Willanl Wright; City Ck
Jacob Middleton; Alderman. Joseph Shinn;
Byrnes, J. R. Doushty, John" llarrokl. J. 11
Barstow, Eli M. Johnson. James S. Shinn: Treasurer. Chalklev .S. Leeds.

1878.— -Mayor. John I,. I'.ryant; City Clerk. I'.uoeh .S. C..n..ver; Keeonler.
Jacob Middleton; Alderman, Mdward Eldridoe; Council, Jos. 1'. L'anby, J. K.
Doughty, R. T. Evard, Wm. Fulton. Geo. W. Holmes, Joel R. Leeds, Cha.s. \V.
]\Lax\veli, Lewis Reed, Jr., Hush H. Y. Wicks: Treasurer, Chalkley S. Leeds.

1879.— Mayor, Willard Wright: City Clerk. Jas. llarrokl; .\l,k"-rman, I'rancis
P. Quigley; Recorder, Nathaniel Wehh; Council. T. .\. I'.yrnes. R. T. I'.vard.
Wesley Robinson, Geo. Hayday, Sr.. I'.li .M. Johnson, Thomas C. k'rench. J. R.
Champion, J. R. Doughty, Enoch R. ."^eull; Treasurer, Chalkley .S. Leeds.

1880.— :Mayor, Harry L. Slape: City Clerk, Enoch -S. Conover; Alderman.
Jas. Stokes: Recorder, Jas. Hitchens; Council. John C. Alherts.m. Jds. A. Rar-
stow, Jos. H. Borton. John L. Bryant. Geo. 1". Currie. Wm. T'ldridge. t/has.
Evans, Chas. W. ^Maxwell, Simon L. Westcott: Treasurer, Chalkley S. Leeds.

1881.— ALayor, Willard Wright: City Clerk, Henry R. .Vlbertson; Recorder.
James Hitchens; Alderman, Jas. Stokes: Council, John C. Albertson. Wm. JL
Aikin, John B. Champion, Eli M. J,)hnson, Jos. R. Canby, Chas. W. Maxwell.
Henry Wootton, Franklin P. Cook. Wesley Robinson: Treasurer. Chalkley S.
Leeds.

i88_'.— Mayor, Charles W. .Maxwell; City Clerk. Henry R. .Mbertson; Re-
corder, John Gouldey; Alderman, James S. Endicott: Council, John llamman.
Franklin P;. Cook, John L. Baier, Jr., Frank Barber, Henry Wootton. John \l.
Blake, Wesley Robinson, Wm. Aikin: Treasurer, Chalkley S. Leeds.

1883.— Mayor, Charies W. Maxwell: City Clerk, Henry R. Albertson: Re-
corder, James Hitchens; Alderman, Jacob Leedom; Council, William L. Adams,
Joseph A. Barstow, Francis Barnett, Henry X. Bolte. Franklin P. Cook. (leorge
F. Currie, Jolm B. Champion, Wesley Robinson. ( leorge R. Zane; Treasm-er,
Chalkley S." Leeds.

1884.— Mayor, Charles W. Maxwell: Clerk. H. R. Albertson: Alderman.
Jacob H. Leedom. City Council. — Councilman-at-Large, (leo. B. Zane; I'irst
Ward. \\"illiam L. Adams, Francis Barnett, Joseph .A. Barstow. Henry X. I'olte;
Second Ward. John R. Champion, l-'ranklin R. Cook. Geo. 1'. Currie. Henry
Wootton.

1885.— .Mayor. Charies W. Maxwell; Clerk. H. R. .Mbertson; Alderman.
Samuel D. Hofl'man; Councilman-at-Large, James Jeffries: hirst Ward. I'rank R.
Cook, Louis Groff, E. S. Reed. H. X. BoltJ: Second Ward. S. R. Rose. Wesley
Robinson, E. \'. Corson, (ieoreg B. Zane.

1886.— Mayor, Thomas C. Garrett: Clerk. H. R. .Mbertson; Alderman,
Jacob H. Leedom: Councilman-at-Large. J. B. Champion; l-'irsi Ward. l'raid< V.

JAMES B. ADAMS, ESQ.

ROSTER Ol' CITY (

Cook. Henry Woottnn. loscph A. I'.arslow
Rose. Eli .M.'johnson. K."\\ . .Sayiv, ( IcMi-r
1887.— .\layin-, .Saimicl I ). ll.itTnian; C
James Stokes; Couiicil-at-Lart;'e. W esky l\i
Currie. Louis Groff, Josepli A. Baistow . 11.
Borton. John W. Bowen. Richard \\". Sayre,
1888.— Mayor, .Sanuiel 1). Ilnffnian :\le
Goulde} : Council-at-Lari^e. Alahlon (,'. I'rani
Louis Groff. John l'>. Champion, h'dw. .'^. l.ei
Rostoll. R. W. Sayre. John A. .MeAnnex.

1889.— Mayor Samuel I), Hoffman: Cle
Gouldey; Council-at-Large. Mahlon C. hVani
Lewis Groff, Fred. P. Currie. Edw. S. Lee: .^e
B. Rose. H. H. Postoll, R. W. Sayre.

1890.— Mayor. Samuel D. Hoffman : C
Robert Stroud: First \\'ard, h'ranklin T. C
S. Lee: .Second Ward. J..hn W. Clark, liai
W. Sayre.

1891. — Mayor, Samuel D. Hoft'nian:
Wilson Sensenian; Council-at-Laroe, }n\
P. Cook. Austin ALithis, J. W. Parsons.
Lewis Groff, \'an Buren Ciiftin, E. S. l.e
Cluin. Sylvester Leeds, S. P>. Rose; I'mn-
H. H. Postoll, R. W. Sayre.

T892.— ALayor. Willard Wrioht; City Clerk, J. P. Winters: Recorder. Jacob
H. Leedoni; Alderman. Joseph R. Bartlett; City Treasurer, e'halkley S. T-eeds;
Assessor, William Riddle: Collector, Machiel .\. Pevine: Superintendent of
Public Schools. C. J. .Vdam.-;; Mercantile .Ajipraiser. C. l'. Sliinn; lity Surveyor.
,.lice, llarrv C. I'.ldrid-e: City Solicitnr, .\. W. Fu-
ll enrv (,-. Xnrman: Huildin- Inspector, I'.nierv D.
i-ert: Cdimcil, President, Joseph R. r.artleit, Risley
iwler, J. r.. Champion, F. P. Cook, Jus. C. Clement,
.. l)(in-lu.\, \'. B. Giftin, Eli AC Joluiscm, Svlvester
;ons, H. 11. I'..st.ill, I'. P. Stoy, R. 11. Turner.
1893,— Mayor,"willard Wright, .M. D.; Rec.rder, Jacob H. Leedoni: .\lder-
man. Joseph R. P.artlett; Treasurer. Chalkley S. Leeds; City Clerk. ICniery 1).
Irelan; Assessor, William G. Hoopes; Collector. Carlton Godfrey: Chief of IVilice,
Harry C. Eldridsjc; Solicitor. Allen P.. Fndicott; ISuildin.c: Inspector. S. L, West-
coat; Electrician, l)ahli,M-en .Vlbertsc .11 : C'onncil, I 'resident, J. R. I'.artleit. William
Bowler, Jos. C. Clement. Ceor-e lluin. S. L. l)..u.t.;lu\, \an lluren ( ,iflin, Wm.
A. Ireland, Eli .M. [Mhn.^nn. Sylvester Leeds, I'.dward S. Lee, .Mberi I-.. Moerk.
JohnW. Parsons, I'.dwin .\. Parker. Harry 11. I 'nstoll, .^amue! 1'.. Rn^e, I'ranklin
"p. Stoy. Richard II. Turner.

1894.— Mayor, Franklin P. -Stoy; Reorder, John Gouldey: .\lderman.

. 11.

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. J. W. Par^

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KOSTF.K OI" CIIA' I

Joseph R. I'.ank'tt; Trcasur^-r, J..lm A. ]v
Collector. Carlton Liodfrey; Chief of I'olice
B. Endicott: Overseer of Poor, Henry Xi
Rich: Supervisor of Streets, Lewis 1^. Wilk
Electrician. C. Wesley llnihaker; Coimci
Barton. Albert r.eyer. Jos. C. Clement. S. 1.
Johnson. Etlw. V. Kline. Daniel Kn
George H. Long-. Albert E. Mnerk. l-Idwin .\.
B. Rose. Richard H. Turner.

i8q5. — ^Layor, Franklin T. Stoy: Rt
Robert H. Ingersoll; Treasurer. John A.
Collector. Carlton Godfrey; Chief of Poli

B. Endicott; Overseer of Poor, Robert Dunlevi
Parsons; Supervisor of Streets, Lewis E. Wills; Building Inspector. S. L. West-
coat; Electrician. C. Weslc}- lirubaker; Council. President. R. II. Ingersoll.
Samuel Barton. Albert Beyer, Jos. C. Clement. S. L. Doughty. \\'m. .\. Ireland.
Edw. F. Kline. Daniel Knauer. Edward S. Lee. Henry \\'. Leeds. JdS. I',. Lingcr-
man. George H. Long. Albert E. Moerk. luhvin .\. Parker. Harry II. I'nstoll.
Samuel B. Rose. Erank L. Southrn.

1896.— Mayor. Franklin P. Stoy; Reconkr. Robert H. lnger>.ill; .Mder-
man. James D. Southwick; Treasurer. John A. Jeffries; City Clerk, i-jnery D.
Irelan; Collector, Carlton Godfrey; Solicitor, Allen B. Endicott; City Coni])-
troller, A. M. Heston; Chief of Police. Harry C. Eldridge; Overseer of Poor.
Robert Dunlevy; ]\Iercantile Appraiser. J. \\'. Parsons; Superisor of Streets.
Beriah Mathis; Building Inspector. S. L. Westcoat; Electrician. C. Wesley Bru-
baker; Council. President. Jas. D. Southwick. Samuel Barton. Albert P.eyer, Jos.

C. Clement. S. L. Doughty, Enos F. Hann. Wm. .\.. Ireland. Edw. V. Kliue:
Daniel Kanuer. Edward S. Lee, Henry W. Leeds. J' is. K. Lingerman. George H.
Long, Edwin A. Parker. Harry H. Postoll. Samuel P.. Rose. Erank L. Southrn.

1897. — INIayor. Franklin P. Stoy; Recorder. Robert H. Ingersoll; .\lderman,
James D. Southwick; Treasurer. John A. JeiTries; City Clerk. Emery I). Irelan;
Collector. Carlton Godfrey; Solicitor, Allen B. Endicott; City Comptroller, A.
M. Heston; Chief of Police. Harry C. Eldridge; Overseer of Poor; Daniel L.
Albertson; ^Mercantile Appraiser. J. W. Parsons; Supervisor of Streets, Beriali
Mathis; Building Inspector, S. L. Westcoat; Electrician, C. Wesley Brubaker;
City Alarshal. Cornelius S. Fort; Council. President, Jas. D. Southwick, Samuel
Barton. David R. Barrett. Albert Beyer, Jos. C. Clement. .S. L. Doughty. Enos
F. Hann. A\'m. A. Ireland. Samuel H. Kelley, Daniel Knauer. ICdward S. Lee.
Henry W. Leeds. Jos. E. Lingerman, George H. Long, lulwin .\. Parker. Sanuiel
B. Rose, Frank L. Southrn.

1898. — Mayor. Joseph Thompson; Recorder. John S. W'eslcott; .\lderman.
James D. Southwick; Treasurer. John A. Jeffries; City Clerk. Emery 1), Irelan;
Collector, William Lowry, Jr.; Solicitor, Carlton (iodfrey; City Comptroller. .\.
:\L Heston; Chief of Police. Harry C. Eldridge; Overseer of Poor. Daniel L.

ROWS C. GODFREY, ESQ.

ROSTl'.K ()|- lTI'V Ol-I-ICIALS, lUT

Allicrt^.ni: AKTcamilc .\p]irai>rr, J. W. I'arsnns; Sui.crviv.r of Stivci-. I'.oriah
.Mathis: lUiildin-' Inspector. S. 1.. \\\-tcoal ; I'.lcclrician. l\ \\\->lr\ llrnl.akLT:
Lily Alarslial, C onu-lius S. I'.irt; Couiu-il, I 'ivsi.knt. janics 1). Somliuick. Saimicl
r.artoii, Davi.l R. I'.anvtl. Allien I'.rNrr. Jo., C. Ck-nn-ni. S. 1.. Don-lily, llu-..
Gamicli, Knos 1-. llann, Wni. A. Irelan'.l, Sanniel 11. Kellev. I )aniel Knaner,
Edward S. Lee. Henry W. Leeds, Jos. !■.. Lin-erni.an, ( leor-e II. Lon-: I'.d^in
A. Larker. Samuel 11. Rose.

iSc),).— Mayor. Joseph 'rii.inipson; Reoonler, John S. Wesieou; .Mdernian.
James I). .Southwick: Treasurer, John .\. JeHrie> ; Lily Clerk. I'.mery I). Irelan;
Collector, William Lowry. Jr.; City Complroller. .A. M. lleslon; ."Solicit, jr, Carl-
ton Godfrey; Chief of Police, Harry C. Lldridge; Overseer of I'oor, Daniel L.
Albertson; Mercantile Apjiraiser, J. ^^'. Larsons; City luiii^jineer, |ohn W. llack-
ney; Supervisor of Streets, Samuel 1'.. Rose: llmldinL;- Inspector. S. L. Wesicoat;
Electrician, C, Wesley I'.ruhaker; City Marshal, Cornelius S. l-'ort; t.'onncil.
President, James D. Southwick. Samuel liarton, David R. I'.arreti, .\lliert l'.e\er,
Jos. C. Clement, S. L. Doughty, John R. Fleming. I lugo i .arnieh. k'.nos 1'. I lann.
Wm. A. Ireland. Samuel H. Kelley, Daniel Knauer, lulward S. Lee, llenry W.
Leeds, Jos, E. Lingerman, Cieorge H. Long, f-ldwin .\. Parker.

Hjoo.—^layor. Franklin P. Stoy; Recorder, Robert !•:. Stephany; .\l<lernian,
Harry Pacharach; Trasurer, John A. Jeffries; Collector, William Lowry, Jr.;
City Clerk, Emery D. p-elan; Controller. A. ^L Heston; Overseer of Poor. Daniel
L. Albertson; Council. Harrv liacharach, David R. liarrett, Alliert Pe\er. |os. C.
Clement. E. A. Parker, Edward S. Lee, K. V. llann, John Donnelly,' I lenr\ W.
Leeds, George Long, John R. l-'leniing, Willis \'ananian, Sonier> L. Doughty.
W. A. Ireland, Thoma.s II. •rhonip..on, W illiam P.iwker and Hugo Garnich.

RYAN ADAMS MOVES TO TOWN.

Ryan .Vdams, one of the early settlers on this island, erecting the tilth house,
the first on the Chamberlain tract at Arctic and Delaware avenues, first lived on
Inside Peach, near the Cedar Grove house at South Atlantic, He moved up and
was the first to occupy and operate the old salt works at the Inlet, before John
Bryant moved over from Absecon and took charge.

In those days the important article of salt was made along the coast before
inland salt springs had been discovered or developed. There had previously been
a boiling salt plant on this island and on Prigantine, but projectors decided that
an evaporating plant would be more profitable. Large shallow tanks, with
movable roofs and windmill inimp.- were constnicled and the siu-roiinding country
was supplied with pure rocksalt

At that time vessels could sail, at high tide, through what is now known as
Dry Inlet, above ^'entnor. At low water it was safe for a team lo ford the channel.

Joshua, son of Ryan Adams, on the day of the moving, drove the old mare
up the beach attached to a light wagon. It was not yet low tide when the boy
reached Dry Inlet and the old mare with the wagon to jnill had to swim through
the ebbing tide. She barely escaped being carried t)ut to sea. The team was
swept down the channel to the ocean side of the beach, where the old mare luckily
touched bottom and got ashore.

Ryan Adams and his wife Judith had four son>: Joshua, ( )wen, I'eter and
Daniel', and two dau,ghters: Lcnenia, who became the wile of Joseph Showell,
and .\rmenia, who never married.

ENOCH A. HIGBEE, ESQ.

Btlantic Cit\> JSctorc the IRailroab.

wIktc

Allaiitii.

C'it\

>tanc

s tc-day.

the las

residence o

Jeremiah Leei

by his

family

and

was a

frame st

corner

of Halt

c an(

.Mas,

ichusetts

.leath ,

>{ leren

iah 1

-eeds.

n iS^iS, ;

. -Aunt Millie." a, si
age, engaged more c

C ^^^ bunt to u an

then forty-eiglit years
'^ the business of taking boarders. Sportsmen frmn the citv

then as now found a visit to the seashore enjoyable. l''or
ten or a dozen \ears "Annt Millie" had the niily licensed house on the island. In
1853, just before the building nf the railmad. she rented the pro])erty to one
Thomas McNeelis and went to live with her oldest son, Chalkey, where site
spent the last twenty years of her life.

Close to it stood the cedar log house in which patriarch Leeds lived many
years. This was built of good cedar logs, shingled on the outside and sealed with
plowed and grooved boards inside. It had two rooms below and plenty of cham-
ber room above. An ordinary man could walk under the mantle inlM the large
open fireplace which had but one jamb, so that large logs could be mlled iti and
one end burned off, when the log could be pulled up into the tire. Tlii- >aved
chopping wood. This house was used as a shed and storerocmi when a larger
frame house was built near it later, and was finally torn down in ■■'^^t.^ when the
railroad was building and the cedar logs were conxerted intd shingles.

The next house in point of age standing at that time was the re.-idence ni
Andrew Leeds, youngest son of Jeremiah by his first wife. It stdnd where a
section of it still stands as a part of the Island Hciuse property, near the draw-
bridge. It was built about 181 5 and was a con-
spicuous landmark from the bay side of the island.

The next house was the old salt works near
the head of Baltic avenue, where the Inlet channel
now flows. It was built and occupied by one John
Bryant, who operated the salt works till one John
Horner came here from Tuckertcii. when I'.ryant
moved to .Absecon. The building is still standing.
being a portion of the residence of Irving Lee on
Pennsvlvania a\ enue.

Ha^M

(169)

-:ou^E

JOSEPH S. CHAMPION.

AiKither of those islaml homo was the resicU
of R\an Adams, at Delaware ami Areiie a\ en
In it the first city election was held. The huildir
still standing, but not on the original site.

The sixth house was the home of J:imes l.e
another son of Andrew, at Arctic and Arka
avenues. It now forms part of the second stor

a tenement on Arkansas aven

The seventh and last hoi

island liefore the railroad was

erected in 1S44 ami was deni

HOUSE OF JOHN UEECS.

OLD RYAN

hat of Richard Hackett and Judith Leeds. It was

lished in i8y8. It stood in an open square near

Lialtic avenue between Xew York and Tennessee.

The first log hut that was occupied by Jere-
miah Leeds when he first came to this island, in
i/i)^. to li\e permanently, stood near the corner
of Arctic and Arkansas avenues in what w as after-
wards known as the old Leeds Field. In this rude
cabin the children by his first wife were horn.

Till the narrow gauge railroad was bnili. in

Jeremiah built a better one nearer the Inlet. That
DAMS HOUSE Cedar tree is still preserved as a post and is the

property of Mrs. Abbie Leeds, of this city,
tion to these seven houses, which stood within the present city limits,
two or three houses at or near .South Atlantic Citv. where different

In adt
there were
families have alwavs lived

JAMES M. AIKMAN.

^be jfirst liMsit an^ jfivst Crnin.

^^ 111", first visit of the lu'w railroad directors to the site of the jjroposed

iSj bathing village was made in Jime, 1852. After a tedious drive by car-

J^ riage across the country they reached Absecon, and thence proceeded by

boat to the forbidding sand hills which little suggested the siti' of a city.

But the discouraging aspect of the island was made an argument in fa\'or
of buying up the land at a nominal ligure, which the railroad when opiTated
would vastly enhance in value.

The party consisting of Sanmel Richards. W. Dwiglit I'.ell an.l Richard I!.
Osborne. Dr. Jonathan Pitnev and ( ien. l-'.n.ich n.iught\, landed at the Inlet and
spent a few hours inspecting the plantation or e.-tate of the Leeds family. They
came unannounced, received no welcome, and were unable even to get dinner
before they left for the mainland. Some of them ciuestioned if the soft meadows
would bear up a railroad train or an engine, but were assured by the engineer,
Richard B. Osborne, that their fears were groudless. The extension of the road
from \Mnslow to the ocean all depended upon reaching the beach and successfully
establishing a "bathing village" thereon.

At the meeting of the directors August 25. US52. the location of the road to
Winslow was settled and John C. DaCosta succeeded Thomas II. Richards as
director and was elected President of the small board.

September 28, 1852, Samuel Richards was chosen Secretary, pro tern., and
the action of a special committee was confirmed to buy one thousand tons of iron
at fifty-five dollars per ton.

December 10, 1852, Andrew Ix. Hay was elected President to succeed John
C. DaCosta, who resigned.

January 7, 1853, DaCosta and Richards were given full power to close the
contract for ferry-boats and property at the X'ine street wharf.

January 31, 1853, committee reported they had purchased 168 acres of Mark-
Reed at ten dollars per acre on Absecon Beach.

:\Iarch 10, 1853, sale of land to Wm. Xeligh, at one Inmdre.l dnllars per acre,
confirmed, provided he give security that one wing of the I nited States Hotel
on the property be completed by July ist, foll(.)wing.

May 30, 1853. Executive Committee authorized to negotiate five hundred
thousand dollars of the company's bonds.

January 2, 1854. Train time adopted to and from .\tlantic. Richards and
others to arrange for the opening of the road, six hundred tickets to be i>-ued.

September 2, 1852, the construction work was sublet to P. ( )'l\eill\. and he
two days later received bids from sub-contractors for sections of one mile e.ach.

The crossing of the Camden and Amb.iy railroads at Tenth street in t 'ainden
was effected one night in July. 1833.

(ITS)

SMITH CONOVER.

c. ci

il ni^iiK

iT,

•C- I'll I

rtlis lit

the

i.kn
lla.l

In Iladd
l.mful,!

111-

■^34

lie railr.

ad.

1 will

ch hail b

■on

THF. FIRST \-iSrr WD FIRST TR.\

Dii June 20th of that year the wlinle arraii^cnicm <'
construction was given over hy 1'. ( >'l\eilly to jdhn II. ( )
who completed the reniaiiiini;- |)(irli<in, which was ahcuii
whole contract. Rails were laid at .Vhsecon, ami alsn (nni
field in August, 1853.

Passenger trains ci minienceil ninning frnni ('anidei
same month, and to W'inslnw. jj miles, I'cgiilarly in J anna

The winter had been mild and upen and favorable to
but in February a storm tide made a clean sweep of the roadbed
graded on the meadows, and again the following April a terrible northeast storm
prevailed for a week, flooding the meadows, sweeping away miles of the gratled
roadbed which was ready for the track and scattering the lies and wheelbarrows
for miles along the coast. This was the storm which wrecked the emigrant
steamer Powhattan on Long Beach, April 16, 1854. when 311 lives were lost and
some eighty bodies were picked up and buried in this country. The track was
then laid on the original soil where it remained securely for twentx -five years.

Damages were repaired and the whole work completed in time to celebrate
the opening of the entire line with a special excursion on Jidy 1. 1834. llie
pioneer excursion train of nine cars, attached to the new engine ".Xtsion," steamed
out of the Camden station at 9.30 o'clock that nmrning. There were -ix hundred
invited guests aboard, stockholders, merchants and newspaper men fr.mi Phila-
delphia, Camden and New York. Several stops were made at I laddonfield,
Waterford. Winslow and Absecon, where salutes with guns and tloral welcomes
were given in honor of the event. It was the consummation of twenty-two
months of hard work, which involved the expenditure of Si. 274,030. with only
$240,100 paid in for capital stock. The train arrived at the United States Hotel,
which then faced on Atlantic avenue, at 12 M., making the run of 58 6-10 miles in
23X hours. A banquet was spread in the big saloon of the new hotel. Judge
Grier presided and spirited addresses were made by Henry C. Carey, .\braham
Browning, J. C. TenEyck. Gen. Wyncoop. John C. DaCosta. Thomas 11. Dudley,
and others. That event was celebrated by the survivors twenty-tive years later,
after a beautiful city had been built and when the wisdom and enterprise of the
pioneers and promoters could be appreciated and their fondest anticipations be
so fully realized.

Every train that has crossed the meadows since has added more or less to
the business, wealth and population of the island.

The train and its guests made the return trip in equally good time, leaving
the hotel at five or six o'clock. Three days later the road was opened to travel
and trains run regularly. The earnings of the road, the first full year, ending
with June. 1855. was $122,415, which was more than Mr. Richard.-' first and only
estimate, and the expenses were $71,751. Robert Frazer was the faithful and
trusted Secretary and Treasurer of the Company from Xovember. 1852. till
November. 1863^ 11 years, and was then chosen President of the Board, serving
till 1873. He was both a lawyer and a civil engineer an<l filled these important
positions with great satisfaction.

CHARLES A. BAAKE, ESQ.

Zbc fixQt 1Rallvoa^.

THE FOUNDING OF ATLANTIC CITY.

nui.sl

^J"' ( ) the charm and fasciiialimi of the ocean chicll\

^\ remarkable -mwth and prosperity of Athmtic City. In 1S3,). when a
^T railroad in this direction first he.^an to be talked abont, Atlantic t oniUy
had a population of eS.i/H, The sea captains and vessel owners, oy-ter-
nien and fishermen along the bay shore, and the wood choppers, charcoal bin-ners,
and shipbuilders, and glassblowers, along the rivers, were not clamoring for
railroad facilities. Indeed they gave the enterprise very little encouragement.
They were busy antl pro-perous. with their sliii^s, and their industries, carrying-
glass, iron, wood, charcoal, oysters and clams to Xew \'ork, and getting supplier
in return. The associations and habits of many of them were more of the sea
than of the land, especially in matters afifecting their livelihood. Limited lines
of travel were over sandy roads. There were but a few miles of railroad in the
State.

To the sagacity and enterprise chietly of I'liiladelphia merchants and manu-
facturers who owned vast tracts of land with glass and iron works, particularly
in Camden County, is due the credit under such circumstances of sending the
first iron horse to this seashore resort, opening up a favored and important sec-
tion, establishing on this island a seashore city, and fine farming towns along
the line, bringing thousands of immigrants and vastly increasing the wealth and
population of the territory.

Of the live and enterpri.-ing merchants who fostered and i>romoicd tlie
building of the first railroad, the Richards family figured conspicuously. William
Richards, the first of that name to settle in South Jersey, was a grandson of
Owen Richards, who came to this country from North Wales, before 1718.
William Richards was a man of great physical strength and untiring energ\.
He acquired a vast estate at Batsto, at the headwaters of the Mullica river, and
prospered as a manufacturer of glass and iron. He stood si.\ feet four inclies in
height, and is said to have been as great in mind and integrity as lu- was jihysi-
cally. He was the father of nineteen children, fourteen sons and five daughters,
by his two wives. He died at Mt. Holly in 1823, aged 85 years. ( )ne of his
many sons was Thomas Richards, the father of Samuel, the principal proniot.ir
of Atlantic City. Thomas became a glass manufacturer on a portion of his
father's estate, at Jackson, a small village in Camden Count)-, near what is now
Atco, and his son Samuel became a partner with him previous to 1850.
12 (177)

RICHARD B. OSBORNE, C.E.

Til

iliiU

.1 tl

I'hihuk

m.l

had -1
,1. An

..rks ;
K. II:

Will

Many teams wore rcqnired tc
glass and the manufactured produ
reduce this heavy expense a railri
to be talked about before 1850.

Joseph Porter, at this time,
owner of six thousand acres of lai
making olassware at Winslow and
thirty thousand acres and was
en,i;agetl in the same business
at Atsion, a few miles above,
and one Hammonton Coilfin
had owned land and operated
a similar plant at the foot of the
lake at what is now known as
"(Jld Hammonton." Tesse
Richards, a brother of Thomas,
succeeded his father at llatsto,
and was actively operating an
estate of fifty thousand acres,
including an iron furnace ai
glass works. Steplien Colwc
and \V. Dwight Bell operated
a similar estate at Weymouth,
ten miles soutli from Batsto,
covering one hundred thcius-
and acres, belonging to the
estate of their father-in-law,
Samuel Richards, another son
of William.

Gen. Enoch Doughty, at
Absecon. owned an estate of twenty-live thousand acres, and was supplying >hip
timber, gathering tar, and selling wood and charcoal.

Dr. Jonathan Pitney had been practicing medicine in .MisecdU ami surnumd-
ing territory for thirty years when the railroad question began to be agitated, in
1850. Since he rode into Absecon on horseback, with his saddlebags, from .Mend-
ham. Morris County, X. J., one .May morning in 1820, and announced that he
had come to stay. Dr. Pitney had liecome one of the best known and UMst
highly esteemed citizens of .Atlantic County. He had taken an active part in
the creation of Atlantic County from a part of old Gloucester, in 1837. and
had always been as he continued to be till his death, a close personal friend of
Gen. Enoch Doughty, who was High Sheriff of old Gloucester County before the
division. In 1844 Dr. Pitney represented Atlantic County in the State Constitu-
tional Convention. In 1848 he was a candidate for Congress. Before 1840 he had
agitated and advocated the building of a lighthouse for the protection of shipr.

IRST RAILROAD STATION, LOOKING !

JACOB H. LEEDOM.

Till'. I'lKST KAll.KdAl) 1^1

along this dangcrou> cuast. Wlu'ii the raih-nail i|iK->iinn cau\c iij). in 1X30. n' 1
man was more prominent nr inlUuinial liian he. nr hilinil nimv i.i sliapc inatUT>
to speedy conclusions, lie sci-nis to have luen the liist ]ili\sieiaii Id appreciate
the heneficial effects of ocean air npnn invalids ami the manifold advantages <<i
a "bathing village" upon Absecon beach.

Dr. Pitney and Gen. Doughty .111 their fre(|nenl irijis tn I 'luladeliihia. met
and discussed the railroad project with .\ndre\\ 1\. May, ( len. Jn.-eph I'lirter.
Thomas and Samuel Richards and others, sonie nf whom cpieslioned the advisa-
bility of extending the railroad farther than the glassworks at W'inslow or tlie
iron works at Weymouth. It was nndoulitedly due largely to the work and in-
rtuence of Dr. Pitney that the railroad was eonliiuted to the beach, as he seems
to have understO'id th.e value atid im|)ortaiice of the coast regioti better than hi>
contemporaries.

It was in the little old store of John Doughty on the hill at A1)secon that
Dr. Pitney and ( ien. Enoch Doughty dictated the first draft of the charter for
the Camden and Atlantic Railroad. As they dictated. John Doughty, tlie .mju.
wrote it out. That was in the winter of 185 1. Whether this first draft was later
revised and amplified by Abraham Browning, counsel for the incorporators, can
only be conjectured. But it was largely due to the personal efforts of Dr. I'itney,
as well as to the unflagging and persistent support of Samuel Richards, who
followed the bill through the Legislature, and to the resolute advocacy of .\s>ein-
blyman John A. Boyle, of Atlantic County, that the charter became a law. A I arch
19. 1852. The Camden and Amboy politicians waived their objections at last, tm
the grounds that this "air line" to the coast was an impossible scheme that could
never be consummated. Xo railroad witlniut a town at the teriuintis could ever
amount to anything.

The incorporators mentioned in the charter were John W. .Mickle, .\brahani
Browning, Samuel Richards, Joseph Porter, .\ndrew K. Hay, John 11. Cottin.
John Stranger, Jesse Richards. Thomas II. Richai-ds, I'.dmiind Taylor, Joseph
Thompson, Robert B. Risley. Enoch Doughty and Jonathan I'itney.

Samuel Richards had been from the first one of the most active of these
men. He was thirty years of age, of pleasing manners, tireless energy, perse-
verance and great ingenuity, being the patentee of several useful inventions. He
accomplished what others regarded impossible, and entered heart and sonl into
this enterprise of railroad building. It was he who, on May J2. \X^j. wrote the
first letter to engineer Richard ]!. ( )sborne. instructing him to make the ])re-
liminary survey as ordered by the incorporators. Mr. Osborne completed his
work on the i8th of June following, after which the company was organized and
the location of the road onlered to l)e made liv the director-. Samnel Ricli;n-(N
made the first estimate of the probable bnsine-s of the proposed road, and n-ed
it as an argument in favor of the enterprise.

Some of the objects of the line which he had in \iew were:

First, to secure better transi)ortation for the glass works at Jackson, Water-
ford. \\'inslow. Batsto and Wevnioutli.

W. BLAIR STEWART, M.D.

THE FIRST RAILROAD. IsS

Second, to convert larjjc tracts of waste lanils, owiicil hv his relatives and
associates into fruit and truck farms.

Third, to open up South Jersey ijy estahlisiiin.L: an attractive batliin;.; resort
at the nearest possible point from Philadelphia.

At a meeting- of the directors held in Philadel|)liia. \i\uc i i. 1S52. Jesse Rich-
ards, Esq., was chosen President, and Andrew K. Hay. Secretary. The lullowinir
resolution was adopted:

Resolved, That John W. Alickle. Samuel Richards, Joseph Porter, .\ndrew
K. Hay, Enoch Doughty. Jonathan Pitney, Jesse Richards, and Aljrahani llrown-
ing, be severally authorized to procure subscriptions to the capital stock of the
Camden and Atlantic Railroad, and report at the next meeting of the company.

In the diary of the late W". Dwight P.ell, occurs this memorandtun : "June
22, 1852. Meeting at the house of Sanuiel Richard.--, h'ifth Street. 1 'hiL-ideljihia,
of people interested in construction of Camden and Atlantic Railroad. PreseiU,
Samuel Richards, W. Dwight r>e\\. Enoch Doughty, Jonathan Pitney, Joseph
Porter, Stephen Colwell, Thomas Richards and Jesse Richards."

Samuel Richards continued in the Hoard of Directors twenty-four years, and
was an active of^cer as Director or Assistant President. The following letter
indicates as much.

Richard B. Osr.oRX, Esq.

De.\r Sir: — A resolution was passed at the last meeting of the Board, re-
questing you to prepare for filing in the office of the Secretary of State that por-
tion of the Camden and .\tlantic Railroad commencing where it crosses the
White Horse Road, and ending at Longacoming.

Yours respectfully,

SAMUEL RICIP\RDS,
Philadelphia, October 21. 1S52. Sec'y, pro tem.

At another meeting of the P.oard that same year he offered a resolution
which was adopted, deciding on the natne of "Atlantic City," a city on the .\tlantic
for this resort, as Mr. Osborne had suggested on the map which he had prepared.
He thought there was as much in a name here as in Philadelphia, and by his
wise suggestion and prompt action the names of the streets and avenues were
named for the several States of this land of liberty, and the great oceans of the
world.

The old minute book of the Company gives a report of the subscriptions to
stock, fifty dollars a share, at the meeting held June 24, 1852, in the .\rch Street
House, Philadelphia.

SH.\RES.

Colwell & Bell 400

Thomas Richards 200

Joseph Porter 200

A. K. Hav 200

SII.NRF.S.

John H. Doughtv

]

Robert P.. Leeds

ALFRED ADAMS, JR.

THE FIRST RAILUDAU.

Enocli l^ouohty loo Kichanl 1 hicK

W. \V. Fleming loo Clialkky S. 1

William C'dffin loo John Leeds .

Tonatlian I'itney 20 James Leeds

Jesse Kicluirds _'0 John C. DaC^

Thomas II. Richards JO

At this meeting- the Inllowing direettn^ were elected; ,
Chairman, and Samuel Richards. Secretary. William rnftii
Thomas H. Richards, luiocli 1 JMUghty, Jonathan I'itnex, Ste|
W. W. Fleming.

The foilowing is an ot^cial list of all the Presidents of
-Atlantic Railroad:

August 25, 1852. John C. DaCosta. elected President.

December 10. 1852. .\ndre\v K. Hay, elected Fresiilent.

April I, 1853, John C. DaCosta. elected I'resident.

September i, 1854, Samuel Richards, elected President, pn

April 6, 1855, George W. Richards, elected President.

July 13, 1857, John Brodhead. elected I'resident.

October 22, 1863, Joseph W. Cooper, elected President.

December 18, 1863. Robert Frazer, elected President.

October 2t,. 1873, Andrew K. Hay. elected President.

November 18, 1875. William JMassey, elected President. pr(

November 18, 1875, Samuel Richards, elected Assistant P

March 16. 1876. John Lucas, elected President.

October 2^, 1877. Charles D. Freeman, elected President.

February 22. 18S3, William L. I-Ilkins. elected Presiilent.

Dr. Pitney and Gen. Enoch Doughty were instrumental
scriptions to shares of stock throughout the Cmnux. h'nini o
following names and aniouiits are copied.

ni seem
iginal ])

Peter Boice, Absecon

Joshua Gorton, Mays Landing.

John Horner, Absecon

John Albertson. Blue .\nchr)r.
John C. Shreve. Blue Anchor.
Charles Collins. Blue .\nchor .

Daniel Baker

John Doughty, Leedsville . . . .
David Doughty. LLedsville . . .

Joseph Merritt

James English. Smiths Landir

John Walker. Mays Lan<
Ebenezer Applegate. Al>
I'elix Leeds. Leeds Poini
.Augustus Turner, Leed>
Charles C. .Murphy, Al.-.
Hezediah Sampson. .\b>

Jonas Higbee

Daniel Bowen, Momu P
Frederick Chamberlain.

l-:.lward Wil.-on

I-:noch Corderv

ling.

LEWIS R. ADAMS.

Sbe TLan^ Company) an^ Surf Ibotel association.

"T N connectidii with thu railrnail coiiipan\ it was largely, it not cliiclly due to
I Samuel Richards that the Camden and Atlantic Land Company was formed,
y also the Surf House Association — the first to share some of the advantages
in the advancing values of real estate, and the latter to provide a fine hotel
to attract visiting thousands so that the railroad wouhl liave nmre business, and
real estate values would more rapidly advance, llcith (if these proved wise, saga-
cious and successful enterprises.

The Act to incorporate the latter company was approved March lo, 1853.
Its incorporators and first directors were William Coflin, John C. DaCosta,
-Samuel Richards, William W. I'leming, Daniel Deal. W. Dwight I'.ell, Joseph
Porter, Jonathan Titncy and .\ndrew K. Hay.

The following portion of an address issued to the stockholders, and no doubt
written by Mr. Richards, in 1853, fully and accurately describes the geography
and conditions of this island at that time.

"The principal pcirtiim cif the lan(U Udw in possession and contracted for by
the coni])an_\-, lie in intermediate sectii ms upon the beach, and comprise about one
thousand acres, at an average cost of ten dollars per acre.

"To give an idea of the greatly enhanced value of these lands since projec-
tion of the railroad, bona fide sales have been made of the lanil adjoining those
•of the company (and not more advantageously located) at one hundred to three
Tiundred dollars per acre, and we consider these prices now no approximation to
the value of a portion of the land purchased by the company.

"Our lands are situated upon an island at the eastern terminus of the Camden
and Atlantic Railroad, in the County of Atlantic, about fifty-seven miles south
of east from this city, and about four miles from the main land, directly upon the
ocean. This island is about ten miles in length, and the northern portion, for
about two miles, is half a mile in width — the soutliern jiortion being much nar-
rower.

"It is separated from the land by the Hay of Absecon, a vast expanse of
-meadows, and an inland channel extending along the coast for a distance of eighty
miles, commencing at Cape May. and running north. The railroad, when com-
pleted, will form an easy communication with this city for an extensive district of
country, well cultivated, improved, and thickly settled, the principal means of
■communication with which is now by coasting vessels to Xcw York; the great
■distance to this city by bad roads rendering it almost inaccessible.

"Across the meadows and this stream, by an embankment and swivel bridge,
the railroad reaches the island at a point about two miles south of the Inlet, ujion

EDWARD S. REED.

LAND COMPAXV AXD SURF IloTF.L ASSOCTATK )X.

which It has its tuniiimis on 1\vlmU\ -Inc kct <>i walrr, alter rum
center of the island in a jiarallel line with the ocean.

"This portion of the island is co\ered with a heantifiil i;
which is now beint;' trininied — the inideri^rowth reinoxed- ihe 1
drained— laid out in streets and walks, which, when conipK-led. v
attractive.

'"These groves are dense and extensive, and will form a
from the scorching- sun and sands, from which nature rarely ])
upon the seaside.

"Adjoining one (_)f these fine groves, and near the heach
being erected, which, when completed, will e(|ual in beaiil\, cc
fort and situation those to be fouml upon any other place on
wing of this hotel (of which there are to be two. with an exteiisi
readv for visitors before the end of summer.

lUlihll

ides a

THE OLD SURF HOUSE.

"The arrangement is such, that the railroad
other hotels, that will lie erected, and the visitors
to their point of destination. This will sa\e much
much to the comfort of the throngs which will s(
of summer.

"The Inlet (upon which the railroad terminate
con with the ocean, is about three-fourths of a mile
nel and outlines distinctly marked, forming an
spacious bay, with good anchorages, and afTordiiu
winds, for large fleets of coasting vessels.

safe
arbor

itusion,

a straig
en trail CI
.shelter

tills and
directly
and add
the heat

of .\bse-
lit chaii-
; to the
from all

CLARENCE PETTIT, ESQ.

THE LAND CcniPAXV AND SURF IIOTF.I. ASSt JC'I ATK )X lyi

"A bar at the iiioutli oi this ink't, which is covered from ten to twelve feet
at low water, preckides the entrance of vessels of lar_e^est draft of water; this harbor
is never ice-bound during the severest winters, and by the way of railroad will
be within one and a half hours of Philadelphia. W'e have sjood assurance that
when the road is completed an appropriation for a lisjhthouse, and for improve-
ments of harbors, making it practicable for the larger size of vessels, can be
obtained from Congress, and it will thus be made a complete winter harbor for
the city of Philadelphia and greatly tend to promote our shipjiing trade.

"We need only ask the question, wliether a location like this will not grow
into importance? It will be a direct, cheap, and quick rmue to the eastern ports,
and will be always accessible when our river may be entirely ol)strucled with ice,
as it is too frequently the case during winter. The bay abounds witli shell and
other fish of many varieties, which are caught in large quantities; and to those
fond of angling and sailing, who may seek pleasure here, it will contribute its full
share of enjoyments. The meadows are the resort of all the different species of
game usually found upon the seacoast, and form very extensive gunning groimds.
The scenery from the beach is diversified and quite interesting.

"The ocean rolling in upon the front, and breaking U]mn the beach for a
distance of ten miles, in an almost straight line — the Inlet, with its entrance
marked by the spray, dashing and leaping upon the bar far out in the ocean —
the bay and meadows forming an immense expanse of green and blue — the un-
dulating outline in the distance, dotted with farms and improvements, combine
to render the location one of the most pleasant to be found upon the seacoast.

"The surface and beach are certainly unsurpassed, if at all equalled, upon our
coast. The breakers are similar to those at Cape May; but extend along the
entire beach for a distance of many miles: the strand is entirely level and smooth,
at low water forms a drive of two hundred feet in width (so gentle is the slope)
for a distance of ten miles.

"The country through which the road passes is proverbial for its pure air —
its fine water — and extreme healthfulness. The land in many places along the
road is highly susceptible of improvement, and can be purchased af moderate
prices. Situated upon this great thoroughfare, it must be largely enhanced in
value at an early period. The land company, with their capital of $100,000. will
be enabled to secure a large amount of these lands (a course which they intend
pursuing) upon which, in a short time, they will be enal.iled to realize a hand-
some advance.

"These lands, sold to actual settlers, cultivated and improved, will tend to
swell the revenue of the road."

The "Surf House Association of Atlantic City" was incorporated by Act
of the Legislature, March 4, 1857. Its incorporators were George \V. Richards,
John C. DaCosta, William A. Rhodes. E. E. Bondissot, William C. Milligan,
Daniel Deal Isaac Lloyd. Andrew K. Hay. John L. Xewbold. Sanniel Richards.
P. Maison, William H. Miller. George T. DaCosta. J. Freas. Thomas .Mlibone,
J. J. Slocum, Charles Wurts, Simon Cameron and \\'illiam H. Yeaton.

192

DAILY UXIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

The Surf House, which was built by this association, was a large, fine two-
story building, occupying a full square of ground bounded by Atlantic, Pacific,
Kentucky and Illinois avenues. It was built in 1854, and conducted with great
advantage to the city, if not to its owner for many years, till 1880, when the
property was sold to Alessrs. Morris and Archer for $30,000. They sold and
scattered the buildings to a dozen widely different sections of the city, where they
are still used as stores, hotels or tenements, and divided the land into building lots,
opening Mt. A'ernon avenue, where the main entrance and principal section of the
large hotel stdnd.

The Camden and Atlantic Land Company, whose policy of encouraging early
settlers by selling lots on easy terms promoted improvement, and whose history
is so intimately associated with this city, still continues its work of development
and has erected a hotel and cottages, graded and graveled streets at Ventnor, the
sdutlurn sii1)url) of Atlantic City. The Presidents of this company have been:
April _'_>. 1S53, William Coffin: June 22, 1854, William C. Milligan; March 20,
1868, \\'illiam A. Rhodes: March 20. 1873, Andrew K. Hay: January 9, 1874.
Samuel Richards, until his death, February 21, 1895, when John 1'.. Hay was
elected his successor.

I the np,

'iU.ni I,

BuilMno of tbc *' IHaivow ^aiujc "

/g^ ARI.V in 1S76, owiiiL; t" (li>^in-i( ms ami (liffi,T>-iKT> animi-- SMinr m
t?)/ directors of the Camden and Athiiilic i\aih-(iail runipanx. Samuel I
ards. William Massey, Charles R. Cohvell and W". 1 Jui-ht I'.ell with
from the Board of Directors. Mr. Massey had been elected President n
Board of Directors and he had appointed Mr. Ricliar(l> A--istant I'residei
the road, when difterences with other directors caused these four ic
his twenty years of experience Mr. Richards saw a l)etter niienim
tion of a second line than he did the first. The\- associated with
directors of the new narrow gano^e line James M. Hall, J. Lapsle\
E. Shaw. John J. Sickler, Levi C. Albertson, Thos. C. Garrett. Jo
Mehin R. Morse and Jacob (i. Campbell.

Sanmel Richards was President; H. 11. Rinderman. Secretar\ and Treasurer;
Samuel 11. Grey, Solicitor: John J. Sickler. Chief Engineer, and Theodore 1".
\\Tirts, Consulting Engineer.

The new company was organized under the general railroad law that was
enacted in 1873, providing "that the actual amount of money borrowed b\ any
railroad organized under this act shall not exceed the actual amount paid in cash
by the subscribers to the capital stock."

The company was organized for the pm-])ose of building and operating a
narrow-gauge railroad from Camden to Atlantic City, fifty-tour miles, connecting
with Philadelphia by steamboat. The original intention was for a three-foot
gauge, but this was finally changed to three and one-half feet with Bessemer
steel rails, fifty-four pounds to the lineal yard, instead of the standard broad gauge
of four feet eight and one-half inches.

A few capitalists wdio had thoroughly investigated the cost and prospects
of the new line at once subscribed to a sufficient amount of stock to secure its
completion. The original estimate of the cost of building and equipment was
about $700,000, and all the contracts at the finish amounted to less than that sum.

The Camden and Atlantic road had cost up to that time S_'.4_'3.47S. or .S40.-
000 per mile. The capital stock was 81,248,150, and debt Si.io.vo^S. The esti-
mated cost of the Narrow ( iauge was less than $13,000 jier mile, with .'^130,000
for rolling stock.

The population of Atlantic City in twenty-three years, since the first road
was built, had increased fr(.)m half a dozen families to 3,000 people. The gross
receipts of the old road had increased from Si 17,000, in 1856, to $564,000, in 1876,
and the steady growth of traffic with towns along the line as well as at the ter-
minus was very encouraging. In the building of the new road as for years he
had been in the management of the old. Mr. Richards was the active spirit.
1;^ li'.i:;)

HARVEY J. SHUMWAY.

)F TTTF.

■■XARR(

r.AU

c.v.r

lys

)n the

lew hue

\as

in Atlantie

I'i

\-,

where

the

irf ,jn t

le west s

,f th

■ Tho,

hf;

re f( Pi-

the

fnmi 1

hiladelph

a 1

V Ste

amho;

t f.

se on

llie

.March

and on

il I,

1877,

leti

\-e

pperat

ons

\iy and

nioht the

e.)

itrae

ors 1)1

she

1 f.

rwanl

the

)nal su

ier\-isi(in

Samuel K

ieh

ird

-. X

■\vr

ciiK-ro-

■ncy (hd

rai

roa<l

l.uildi

i.i;-

!"■'

eee.l

vith

s l.uih.

( )ver t

le I

lead.

nvs th

e ei

o~S

ties \

ere

id fouiK

ation till

yr:

vel c.

)nl(l 1)

• til

11. T

lere

olistriK

tions, especi

dly (

n the

ido

ws, w

lere

.rs of th

.^ old roa(

, owned

I strip

ofl

Ul.

• 'J"

etly

About the first work done
late John L. Bryant built a wh;
landing of ties and timber sent
meadows.

Ground was first broken in
began at both ends of the line. 1
work under the vigorous pers
before exct^iit in war or specia
such speed.

In ninety days the road w;
laid on timbers which made a so
were some annoying dela_\s ami
E. A. Doughty, one of the direct.
one night one hundred men proceeded and by laying a temporary track on the
turnpike an engine was step by step pulled across by the men to the opposite side
so that the work beyond could proceed till commissioners adjusted the damages
for the disputed property.

On Saturday. July 7, 1S77. the first trip of the officers and directors, with
a few invited friends, was made from Camden over the new line. The train
started at 1.43 P. .M., in charge of conductor Stewart Drake, formerly of the
Lehigh Road.

Owing to several stops and delay in laying the last rails and driving the
last spike, the train did not reach Atlantic City till (j F. .M. .\ large number of
people welcomed it in the depot with demonstrations of delight, believing it to
be an important event in the history of the city, which it proved to be.

The party was entertained at Congress Hall that night by the late Col. CJeei.
W. Hinkle. and made the return trip next day. leaving this city at 8.23 .\. .M., and
reaching Camden at 1.25 V. AI.

Considerable feeling was engendered among the people in this city and
along the line by the building of the opposition road. Some bitterly opposed the
new enterprise. The matter was discussed in public print and in public meet-
ings. Many naturally es])oiise(l and contended for the interests of the
pioneer line.

Editor A. L. English, of the Review, which till that time had been the only
newspaper in Atlantic City, espoused the cause cjf the "old reliable" with con-
siderable spirit, but most peo]5le felt that railroad ri\alry would help the te)wn
and they were not mistaken.

The location of the depot among the sand hills at Arkansas and .\tlantic
avenues was considered by some as tO(j far down town. Excepting the Island
House and the Seaview Excursion House, there were very few buildings in that
part of the island at that time, but subsequent events proved the wisdom of that
selection.

The landing of thousands of passengers in the new station made better stri'i'ts
in the vicinity a necessity, increased business, made a market for real estate, started

FRANKLIN P. COOK.

BUILDING

new luin

)er \ arils, eiu-nura.i;!

season of

1 87(1.

The

.1(1 Cam. leu an.l Ami

the only

■ailroail in the State.

the Cam

len and Atlantic ro;

sc.ftV,! at

the idea of Intildint;-

■ Chan

er lor

lan-he

1 ami

." As

there

■came

1 law.

was 111) t<iwn or business at the ocean terminus the absurd charter h

\\'hen the Xarrow Gauge road was built as a seiiarate and indeitemleni line,
the idea was tii construct a road especially adapted to the jieculiar character '.)f
seashore travel and to the light and variable business of towns along the line.

Lighter and much less expensive rolling stock would cost less and greatly
reduce operating expenses. It was argued effectively that engines weighing ten
to twentv tons instead of thirty to thirty-five, and freight cars weighing 6,000 lbs.
instead of 18,000 lbs. would be much better adapted to the business of the country
whicli this line was to serve and for the safe and speedy through traffic.

The new line was built with as little delay an.l expense as possible, s.i that
when completed it was able to do business on a greatly reduced schedule of ]jrices.

The reduction in fares and freight rates was quite decided, which encouraged
travel, ]iopularized the line and brought hundreds of new ]ieo])le to the seashore.

Ronn.l trip tickets, which had been three d.illars. single fare two dollars,,
were suld fur .me d.)llar and a .piarter an.l one .lollar. Sunnner excursion
tickets sold for one dollar, and at times for fifty cents for the round trip.
Yearly tickets sold for $20, instead of $40. and for a time passes were
given to the proprietors of hotels and boarding houses with twenty or more
sleeping rooms. Freight was carried at ten. twelve, fmn-teen an.l sixteen
cents per one hundred pounds. Horses were brought il.iwn at tw. > .lollars per
head, or one dollar and a quarter per head in carload lots. The result was that
the rolling stock was barely sufficient for the demands upon it, and the crowds
in the city were so large at times, especially over Sundax', as to nearl\- exhaust the
supply of meat, milk, bread and provisions in stock. All ])revi.ius rec inls were
exceeded, new capital and enterprise were invited and expansi.m became p. )pnlar.

The Xarrow Gauge was formally opened for traffic Saturday. July 14, 1877.
Two trains began running either way on that date: an excursion train leaving
Camden at 6.30 a. m.. arriving in Atlantic City at i).20 a. m.. and a supply train
leaving Camden at 3 p. m.. arriving in .Vtlantic City at 7.30 ]>. m.

Returning, these trains left Atlantic City, the sujiply train at 6.30 a. ni..
arriving in Camden at 11.30 a. m.; excursi.m at d p. m.. arriving in Cam.len at
8.55 p. m.

Regular passenger trains began running jul\- Ji, 1877. The .ipening m the
road was celebrated with a special excursion to Atlantic City .m July 23. when
some eight hundred invited guests went to the sea.

The company began busines.s with eight first-class loc. nn. iti\-es, f.jrty pas-
senger cars, two smoking cars, two baggage cars, twent\ freii^ht box cars an.l
fortv construction cars.

198 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

Pier 8, at the foot of Walnut street, was secured for the Philadelphia terminus
or landing of the steamers that run from the Bulson street wharf in Camden.

An excursion house was built at the ocean end of Florida avenue in this city,
on a half square of land extending from Pacific avenue to the ocean. A storm
tide undermined and wrecked the building before it was finished, and the lot
which cost $5,000, in 1877, was sold fifteen years later for $25,000. It has since
been sold for $65,000. and is probably valued at twice that sum now.

The company met with reverses and passed into the hands of Charles R. Col-
well, as Receiver, July 12, 1878. One year later it went into the hands of William
H. Gatzmer and G. B. Linderman, trustees for the mortgage bondholders.

In September, 1883, the road was sold in foreclosure proceedings to George
R. Kearcher for the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company, which has
since operated it. It was made a standard gauge, double-track line and given
the finest roadbed and rolling stock. It has maintained its popularity and each
year increased its business.

While not the financial success at first that its projectors anticipated, the
Narrow Gauge enterprise popularized travel to the seashore and gave Atlantic
City an impetus of ])ri)S]ierity that has continued ever since.

THE FIRST BOARDWALK.

^be TKHest 3er9ev> IRailroab.

<tt^'OR twenty-three years. 1854 to 1877, Atlantic City had but one sinj^le track
J* railroad connecting with the outside world. That railroad had cost nearly
double the estimated amount and had ruined, financially, all of its original
incorporators except Gen. Enoch Doughty, of Abscccin. and he was a li)scr in
the sum of fifty thousand dollars. Fortunately, the C'anulen and Atlantic Land
Company pledged its valuable holdings to secure the notes and obligations of the
railroad, so as to continue its operation and sustain the enterprise.

When the Narrow Gauge was built, in 1877,
the permanent population of Atlantic City was
about 3,000. The reduction of fifty per cent, in the
tarifif schedule, increased number of trains and
quicker time, resulted in a general rush to the sea-
shore. Hotels and boarding houses were too few
and too small for the demands upon them. \'is-
itors, at times, walked the streets all night or slept
in chairs on porches or in pavilions along the beach.
imable to secure lodgings.

Business of all kinds became exceedingly ac-
tive. Real estate advanced rapitU}" in value and
building operations were prosecutetl with great
vigor.

In four \ears from the ojiening of the Narrow
Gauge the population of the city had floubled. This
was the situation in 1880, when (len. W. J. Sewell.

the ablest and most active railroad man in the State, representing the rLnns\ Kania
Railway interests, organized the \\'est Jerse}- and Atlantic Railroad Com[)any. to
build a branch from the Cape May line at Newheld. 34.4 miles, through .Ma\s
Landing and Pleasantville to Atlantic City.

This third line to the sea was formally opened with an excursion on Wed-
nesday, June 16. 1880. Dinner was served in the new West Jersey Excursion
House at the ocean end of Georgia avenue. Addresses of welcome and praise
were made by George Wood, ex-Judge James Buchanan, Hon. Edward Bettle,
Mayor Harry L. Slape. William Massey of the Narrow Gauge, Edwin E. Reed of
the C. & A.. Hon. A. Louden Snowden, State Senator Gardner and others.

The Directors of the new West Jersey line were George Wood, President;
Israel S. Adams, George C. Potts, Samuel Lewis, Wm. S. Scull, Mahlon Hutchin-
son, Charles P. Stratton. Gen. Mott, Edward A. Warne and Benj. F. Lee.

This third line soon made the name of Atlantic City familiar in every ticket

(109:

DAILY UXIOX

ATLA.VTIC COUXTV.

juglunit the land and gave this city a

Atlantic City with Phila-
"he Camden and Atlantic,
. (ii)ene(l in 1877: and the

ottice 111 tlie great I'ennsylvania syste

There were now three rival railr(jads connecting
delphia, the second largest city in the United States:
59 miles, opened in 1854; the Narrow Cange. 55 niik-
West Jersey, 63 miles, opened in 1880.

I'lUt the enterprising Directors of the West jersey road were nnable to
secnre the terminal facilities in this city which they needed and desired. The
C. and A. had a valuable and exclusive franchise on Atlantic avenue. City Coun-
cil had granted the Narrow Gauge the privilege of a double track on Baltic to
Massachusetts avenues. This put the third and last road at a considerable dis-
advantage. Representatives of this company offered to give the city $100,000
for the same privileges on Atlantic avenue as the old road then had.

The result was that when William L. Elkins was elected President of the
Camden and Atlantic Railroatl Cijm])any, February 22, 1883, the West Jersey
people had secured a controlling interest in the line that owned .\tlantic avenue,
the Longport route and the valuable street car privileges.

Both roads since then have been under one management, with combined and
improved terminal facilities.

In i8y7 these and all other branches of the IVnnsylvania system in South
Jersey were reorganized as the West Tersev and Seashore.

Mi.

t» ^ , S^aas^ill

GROUP OF OLD-TIME BATHERS.

Hhc (Iliinatc.

«^

V^y tell half of its delightfulncss and healthfulness. Tlic hcacli with its
(«) many attractions, and the city with its beantw could nut Imld the many

invalids that visit this shore, did they not all realize that the climate
was the one thing that they re(|iiire(l. The air is dry, and the liammetric and
therniometric readings are remarkably regular, there l)eing ver\ little variaticni
in atmospheric pressure or temperature. This is due to freedom from the influ-
ence of large bodies of fresh water. Xo river is here pouring its volumes of ice-
cold water into the ocean, lowering the temperature: and no large fields of ice,
broken or unbroken, over which the winds must pass and become chilled, here
abound. The prevailing winds dinnng the sunmier are from the southwest; these
are seabreezes, are delightfully cool and refreshing, and do not permit the tem-
perature to rise very high. The north and northwest winds are likewise dry, and
not cold even in winter. They pass for miles over dry pine barrens, losing much
of their moisture; true they are cooler than the winter ocean breezes, but they
are far from being chilly.

The atmosphere, as already stated, is dry, the rainfall being less than at
either New York or Cape May, places representing the extreme points of the
New Jersey coast, and both influenced by large rivers. Foggy days are rare;
fogs follow water lines as river or coast, and .\tlantic City being out in the ■ icean
beyond the general coast line of New Jersey escapes the fogs that are lre(|nentl\
seen elsewhere.

^02 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

There is a mildness ami baliiiiness in the air that cannot be expressed in
words, it must be felt to be understood. So pronounced is this, that invalids
coming here in the winter from snow-bound cities call Atlantic City the "Florida
of the North;" they unbutton their heavy wraps, walk up and down the board-
walk, or along the beach, and thoroughly enjoy the climate.

The question is frequently asked, what are the causes that contribute to this
delightful climate? In general they are three, two of which have been already
mentioned, llie topography of the place; there being no large body of fresh
water near, chilling the air in winter, or saturating it with fresh vapor in summer.
The air being dry it is ever ready to take up moisture, thus evaporation takes
place readily from the human body, keeping it cool. The advantages of this
freedom from fresh water cannot be too strongly expressed. The southern ex-
posure that the city enjoys is another cause for the mildness of the climate. The
ocean breezes from the southeast, south and southwest blow directly from the
gulf stream onto the beach, and the gulf stream is of itself one of the most potent
factors in the climate. Its waters are a deep blue, contrasting strongly with the
green of the ocean, and opposite Atlantic City this stream has a temperature
all the year round of about •]'j° , and is nearly five hundred miles wide. Winds
passing over it are tempered and possess that peculiar baliuiness so well known
here.

Another point that must not be overlooked in the freedom of Atlantic City
from fresh water influence, is the absence of malaria. The mixture or alterna-
tion of salt and fresh water is one of the most potent factors in the production
of malarial poison. If a large tract of meadows is for one-half of the twenty-
four hours covered with salt water and the other half of the day covered with
fresh Waaler, malarial poison is sure to abound. This condition of things cannot
obtain here. Besides this there is a preservative quality in salt water and salt air
which prevents the growth of germs; hence contagious diseases do not get a
-foothold here. The ])revention of decomposition is manifest in our stable yards
where manure may lay for months without becoming rotten. Lots in the city
which were below grade were filled years ago with sand to a depth of one to
three feet; upon digging down now to the old ground the grass that covered
these lots is found discolored but still tough and not rotten.

ABOVE THE CLOUDS.

^K flnvalit).

/^ \'ERV newcomer to Atlantic City, whether he be well or sick, is usually
r^ surprised by two sensations, one is a feeling of sleepiness and the otiier
is an increased appetite. Thousands of visitors for the first few days of
their stay here seem to do nothings l)ut eat antl sleep. They will be found in the
hotels, in the sun-parlors, along the boardwalk or on the dry sandy beach, with
neglected book or paper, either sound asleej) or drowsily drinking in the beauty
around them. This is not the listlessness of a warm, depressing, sultry, soutliern
climate, but simply the result of perfect oxydation of tissue securing this very
important factor in the recovery of the invalid. The increased appetite is due
to the same cause, and with it conies the ability to digest more food, esi)ecially
animal fats and oils: still the invalid needs to be cautioned against excessive
eating, for with an increased appetite, and a tempting menu before him he may
be led into sinning, and as a result sufTer the pangs of acute indige-tinu.

What class of invalids will be benefited by a visit to Atlantic (.'ii\ is a i|ues-
tion frequently asked, and one not very hard to answer, in a general w.iy. (,'nn-
sumptives, as a class do well here. Xot all cases of consuniptinn she mid visu the
seashore, but there are cases that are vastly benefited by
the sea air, an^ if not radically cured the disease is ren- /

dered so latent, and the system given such an iniiietus,
that the disease will trouble the invalid no further, unle-s
some special influence is exerted to reawaken it. In-
cipient cases are those that receive the most radical and
lasting good. A patient with a family history of con-
sumption may have an attack of pneumonia from which
he does not convalesce nicely, there is but little cough,
but he does not gain strength as he should. He tires
easily, has no energy, appetite is poor and his sleep is

disturbed. Or without any previous sickness he complains of lassitude, ilecreased
digestive powers, has some cough, a constant daily elevation of temperature, and
perhaps, beginning tuberculosis. To such a case a residence in Atlantic Lity,
more or less prolonged, as the case may retiuire. will prove very beneficial be-
cause these cases demand an out-door life such as can be found here, for hardly
is there a dav even during the winter, that the consumptive cannot spend at least
a few hours in the open air without danger of taking cold. In cases further ad-
vanced the outlook is, of course, not nearly so hopeful, but even these are bene-
fited. As a rule they sufifer from hectic fever and profuse night sweats, both of
which are much modified or entirely disappear after being here a few days. Api;c-
tite and digestion are always improved, and that brings increased strength. There

|*-**ir*'1*'

SCENES AT THE INLET.

AS A III- \1.TH K

is still anotlKT CDiiditinn in which tin.- Iinii^s hiv-onu' ctmlrai-U'il and hanli'iUM
the air cells hccnnio ni..rc nr less ohliicralol. In snch cnn.liiinn thi> cliniat.

RESIDENCE OF E J. PETROFF

two-fold benetil. for the invalid will receive more oxygen each time he tilK h
Jiino's. and the salts in the air ha\-e a direct effect npon the hardened tissiio.
The season ni the year when Cdnsumptive- -Ik mid visit Atlantic (.'ity

SUMMER HOUSE OF MR. GEORGE ALLEN.

ISAAC COLLINS.

1! rf;-

L'OT

particular!) fn_nn the middk- i.)t St-jUcmhiT to tlu- iiiiddU- of .Ma\. tli(nij;:li some
cases are benefited at any season of the year. Cases that should not conu' to
Atlantic City are those that have had heiuorrha.fre or that are liahU- to have hemor-
rhage, for this very serious contlition will most likely he increased liy a visit to the
seashore.

Invalids that suffer from chronic bronchial, po>t nasal, or laryns.;cal catarrhs,
with the attending annoying cough, which is aggravated every winter, d^i well
here: in some cases the cough becomes entirel\- relieved. Asthmatics are ;in<ither
class of sufferers who bless the balmv breezes of .\tlantic Cit\-. The "hav-fiver"

RESIDENCE Of-

if h

for several

victim here finds iuununit\- froi
stays long enough, and repeats
may be cured of his trouble.

Another great class of invalids are those suffcrin
poisoning. These are abundantly helped here. As is
may lay dormant for a long w
it has an influence, and tl

rlv euoiit;h a
ices are that

le in the system,
victim does not feel

from chronic malarial

ell known this jjoison

but even in this dormant state

ivell. .'^nch conditions may be

CLEMENT J. ADAMS

AS A 111". ALT

radically changed, ami after a rcsidciici.' I'l
erally expressed thus. "1 feel better than 1

The poor sufferer from rheuniati^in
more — a positive cure. Many nf the per
old rheuinatics that are living here simply

Here, also, is the Mecca of the ner\
business, who. for years has devoted all his
taking- any rest: he ma\ he a student ui
eighteen hours out of the twenty-four;
brilliant exciting whirl month after month

uentv ^
id he ',
Atlanli

V he t

RESIDENCE OF JOHN W PARSONS.

this ideal spot for rest and find it. Peaceful sleep, which iua\ ha\e been
months unknown, takes the tired feeling from the brain, and awakens within
invalid a hope that he may recover, and he im])roves. He sits entranced by
hour watching the rolling deep in its grandeur, and as he inhales the stinmlal
air his mind is soothed, worry is removed, and he forgets that he is sick.

Many other conditions could be mentioned, but the little invaliil nnist
be forgotten. During the heated term the beach is a grand baby show. 1
14

J. ADDISON JOY, IV. D.

c lia.l all llu- (lisoast-s that

RESIDENCE OF DR. JAMES NORTH.

■childhood is supposed to bn heir to; or have grown to(j rapidly at a fearful cost to
their animal economy. A few weeks in Atlantic City will change all this, and
the little invalid will become a healthy, rosy-cheeked child. This is not a miracle,
it is simplv a natural result.

HANNAH SOMERS DAVIS.

Ilj

®ur Citv liUlatcr Supply.

ITH all tlK- a,

of these a?

intaL;es

livm-

(Ivant

, it may well
Tlie L;;reate>t

aier ])um]i

(,of

.■Ids

,r,-. tile
mi.re--

is found.

iiaiid fnr
rvest tin-
soft and
an skies.

-Vtlantic Cit\
insufficient .supply of potable wati

For many years before the i.
to five million gallons of jnire spr

first inhabitants depended ui)on .surface wells. The .Miil wa> Udt tl
nated with the deleterious waste of a dense pojnilation and good water was obtain
able along the ridge of wooded sandhills that formed the backbone or ridge of tin
island. In most places where wells were dug, salt or brackish water
which was worthless for dimiestic purposes.

Chalkley, John, Steelnian Leeds and others were favored in h
near their homes that furnished excellent water.

But as hotels and cottages were built, travel increased, and the
water grew, brick cisterns were built beneat
proceeds of every storm and shower. Xn
wholesome water as a clean, well ventilatec
Occasionally it happened in times of drought that the railroad company was ap-
pealed to and did bring large tanks of spring water from .-Vbsecon to he peddled
about the city and sold to tho,=e whose cisterns were dry. So late as if^So. when
there were i,ooo buildings and as many \oters. and five times as many inhabi-
tants, a water famine was tided o\ er by the water peddler in this way.

City Council had caused to be built a number of brick wells at accessible
street corners about the city for recourse in case of fire, and pumping stations on
the meadows at South Carolina and Massachusetts avenues provided sea water
for sprinkling the streets for several years.

So early as 1856, ;\Ianassa McClees. owner and
builder of Cottage Retreat, or the Metropolitan, at-
tempted to solve the water problem by sinking the
first artesian well. With a nine-inch pipe he went
down ninety to one hundred feet, at a cost of Si.oki.
and striking salt water at that depth, gave it up in
disgust. Many of our large hotels now are suji-
plied chiefly in this way, finding a strata of pure and
satisfactory water at a depth of eight hundred feet.

John W. :\Iotfiy, Walter ^^'ood and other caiii-
talists of Philadelphia took the first ])ractical ste]is
towards giving this wooden cit\' proper fwv |)r( Sec-
tion and water supply.

(213)

AUGUST STEPHANY.

Till- CITY WATFR SLTri.V. -.'IS

On C)ctober 21, 1880, Council passed an ordinance giving tlieni and their
associates the right to lay pipes and supply water for all domestic and public uses.

A supplemental ordinance was passed November 19, 1880, more particularly
reciting the conditions of this contract and securing to the itivestors certain ad-
vantages which created prejudice and caused controversy which lasted for years.

The Moffly-Wood Company prc^sccuted vigorously the building of their
plant, erecting a steel standpijic in this cit\. connecting at first with a twelve-
inch main across the meadow.-^ six miles tn the brick station where powerful
pumps forced the purest and sweetest water .ibtainal.le, to a people that neede<l
it badly enough, but olijected to iIk- contract for its coming.

THE UPHAM COTTAGE.

Tlie ordinance of the Moftly-Wood ( omjiany was repealed by Coinicil on
May 24, 1882. after several hundred thousand dollars had been invested, but such
action was ignored as illegal. It certainly was not effective.

The streets had been thoroughly piped and one hundred and tifty fire-plugs
had been located and put in service for the water which was first turned on June
19, 1882. The excellence and abundance of the water proved a great blessing to
the town, restored confidence, promoted expansion, and greatly encouraged build-
ing improvements.

JOHN J. ROCHFORD.

■nil-: clT^■ \\\ti-:k sl-itln-. .mt

i'.ut the taritt cliar!;vil !>> the \\\in,l I'oiiipany was c. Mi-.icKr(.il l>\ xmu' to In'
extortionate and the feehnj; a;;ainst its pic mii itrrs lueanu' intense, ('nuncii re-
fnsed to pay and never chd ]iay the sii|mlate(l S7.5(xi a \ear i"v the 150 tire-plni^s
and made special arranL;enients I'nr >|uinkhui; ihe >treei>. m' thai ei mtracli irs U>v
the work shouUl l)uy nf whiuu they pleased tlie water which ihey n-rd.

A special election was held in iSSi, tn vote on the i|Uesti.iii ,,| the city hnihl-
int,' and ownin- a water |ilant oi its own. ( )nly half the total vote was polled,
or ahont 'uio hallots east, Imt the resnlt was five l(. one in favov of the lu-oi.ositi, .n.

RESIDENCE OF FRANCIS

!-s Watei

. .^ivirg the Co
pipes and su].)])ly the city wit
l-re.l Hemslev. Daniel Me.rri:
1. .Mark Malatesta and Win. (
Iv from artesian wells, lint as

Conncil passed an ordinance .March 3.
Company, a local organization, the right to
water. The incorporators were Henry J. W
George Allen, John D. Champion. Dr. T. K.
Bartlett. This company proposed to get its
precantion. secured an option on the pond at l'(prt Kt]iulilic.

.Seven wells in all were driven b\- the I'oiisnmers t"onipan\. twi at .\rctic
and Michigan avennes. on the (las House projirrtx. which ha\e since Keen dis-
connected, and five at the jniniping station. Kentucky and .Mediterranean ave-
nues. These wells were four, six and eight inches in diameter and at a dei^th of
nearly eight hundred feet reach a water-bearing strata that has yielded satisfactory
results.

RESIDENCE OF C J ADAMS

RESIDENCE OF MRS. JACOBS.

HI-: CITY \V \l

219

For several years the water controversy and costly litigation CDiitiniuci. Tlie
two rival companies fixed a low tariff schedule and furnished in abundance an
excellent article, creating- careless and extravagant habits in the use and waste
of water which had to be checked years afterwards by a costly system of meters.

But some of the stockholders were practical business men and noticeil that
as expenses increased dividends did not materialize. The demands of a growing
city maile further investment and improvements constantly necessary. 'The re-
sult was that the two companies consolidated with a view of the city taking both
plants, which was finally consummated on .August i, i8o5-

THE OLD OCEAN HOUSE.

A Special conmiission, consisting of ex-Ciovernor deorge C. Ludlciw, \\'ash-

ington G. Robeling and Harrison, with Robert Herschel. an expert engineer,

went over the records and appraised the plants at $771,783. This large sum is
supposed to cover every dollar of the original investment with interest to date,
■with all the unpaid water rent due the Wood Company.

At the time of the purchase engineers estimated that the plant could be
•duplicated for a tritle more than half the amount for which city bonds were issued.
Extensions and improvements since have increased the amount of water bonds
issued to about $900,000.

The property is more than self-sustaining on a low schedule of charges and
is economically managed by a board of three commissioners, consisting at present
of Messrs. L. Kuehnle. Dr. E. A. Reillv. and Rufus Boove.

fl^%

LOUIS KUEHNLE, SR.

Till". CITY WATl-K SriMM.V,

There are fifty-three miles nf pipe in the city, t. >iir hmiih-ed and twei
firc-phlgs, close to four thousand services in use and over three ihonsand

The full pumping capacity nf the jilant is nver
i3,cx)0,ooo gallons daily. A 20-inch and a i_'-inch
force main bring over the meadows the sjjring water
from the mainland in quantities ranging from 1,500,-
000 to 5,000,000 gallons dailw The Consumers sta- ^ nm m '

tion is also operated for those who prefer that water, i|^^[i^J|?^
which is pumped in quantities ranging frnni 250,0150 ^Hfi^'Hf ?
to 700,000 gallons daily.

The excellent quality of these waters is shown
by the last report and analysis made h\ I'rof. W'ni.

P. Mason, Professor of Chemistry at the Rensse- l

laer Polytechnic Institute, Troy. \. \'.: first city ha

1st. Sample from 30-foot wells at the mainland
pumping station in .\bsecon:

Analytical results in parts per million;

l-'ree Ammnnia 023

Albuminuid Aniniunia 05

Chlorine [j.

Nitrogen as Nitrites Trace.

Nitrogen as Nitrates 5

"Required ( )xygen" 4

Total Solids 3"-

The mineral solids of the above are composed as follows:

Silica (Si 0, ) 7-75

Oxides of Iron and Alnininum ( l'e_. ( i, +AL U 1 0.51

Sodium Chloride (.Na. Clj f'-4

I^Iagnesiuni Chloride (Mg C1=J 40,^

Calcium Chloride (Ca CI,) ,^3

Calcium Sulphate (Ca S O,) .S.03

■■This is of excellent (|uality. ^'ou are fortunate i
The water is not of local origin, being (juite di.-tinct
your immediate neighborhood, and, although the well:
feet in depth, there are sundry reasons why it would 1
'deep-seated water." "

Second sample taken from the artesian wells at tr.

: E'-IDE', L I F I --LPH S CHAMPION.

RESIDENCE OF CAPT. SAMUEL SOMERS.

Till-. c\T\ w \ri:R sl•l'l■I.^^ -.'ea

tion. As there is no question a> to the pnrity ami putal)ilil\ cjf tliis water eoniing
up 800 feet from the surface of the earth, no sanitary analysis was made, but simply
a determination of the minerals contained.

Analytical results in parts per million:

Silica (Si O.,) 35.5

Oxides of Iron and Aluminum ( !-\'„ O^ -}- Al., O., ) 1.8

Magnesium Sulphate (Mg S C)^ ) 8.4

Calcium Phosphate (Caj [I' O^] ,_, ) 2.0

Calcium Carbonate (Ca CO3) 23.6

Sodium Sulphate (Xa.^ S O ^ I 39.7

Sodium Chloride (Xa CI ) to.7

Sodium r.icarbonate (Xa H C U.j ) 23.1

144.8

"Regarding this water, from the artesian wells, mithing need be said bevond
the statement that its quality is good."

The following is a statement of the expenditures antl receipts for year ending
August I, 1897. \\'ater Department of Atlantic City.

Items, Expenditures. Receipts.

Management and Repairs $14,680 52

Pumping Expenses 1 5,392 55

Interest 43.250 00 $539 66

Construction, Meters, Etc 210 39

Sinking Fund 22,580 00

Water Rents received Aug. i, 1896, to Aug. i, 1897. . . 66,499 I4

Penalties 160 02

Bills of Series of Aug. i, 1896, and Feb. i, 1897, unpaid

Aug. 1 , 1897 645 5 1

Meter Bills due Aug. i, 1897, for water used in pre-
vious six months 14,030 00

Sundry Account 91 1 82

Bills on Sundry Account unpaid Aug. i, 1897 64 01

Rebates 66 43

Street Service Account 3402 17 3,306 60

Street Service Account, Material on Hand Aug. i,

1897 35^ ^7

Rent of Bargaintown Mill Property 150 00

Amount received from Tax Duplicate as payment to

Sinking Fund 12,100 00

Expended on Permanent Improvements to Plant,

charged to Management and Repairs 840 85

Totals $99,371 67 $99,810 27

LYDIA H. CROMWELL, M.D.

Cravitv^ 5\i3tcni of Scwcuaoc.

After more than a year of agitation and discus-ion. t/ity C onneil. on Heceni-
ber 12, 1884, passed an ordinance yrantini; the Improved Se\vera,s;e and Sewa.i^e
Utilization Company of Xew York the ri^ht to lay ]iipes in the streets ami alleys
of Atlantic City, to take away the waste water from
hotels, cottages, bath houses, etc.

The verv great importance of a feature of this m

character can only be imagined by those who were '^

personally familiar with the situation and conditions *

in this growing city at that time. The disposal of j| ^4

slops and waste water of all kinds was attended Ijy ^^IHHT "

great inconvenience. r^^iP^^^^'tmT ""^ ^

A supplemental ordinance was passed Decern- ^^Hii I' B| ini A 1

ber 15, 1884, when the promoters of the "West WBg ' ,_ , W^ 'm^

patent" proceeded with the constructiim of the *°~
plant. • - •-

W'infield Scott West was a civil engineer from
\-irginia, with headquarters in Xew York, and his p^^p,^^ 3^^^,^^

system consisted first of all of a pumping station

with a receiving well sufficiently large and deep to bring the sewage by gravity
from all parts of the town through pipes laid in tlie streets. This well was centrally
located at Baltic ancl North Carolina aveniio. and was excavated 24 feel in
diameter and 20 feet deep by the use of sheet piling. This held the sides from
caving in while powerful pumps removed the water till the timbers, brick and con-
crete of the bottom and sides could be secured in ]5nsition.

The brick and stone engine house and jjumping station was built over the
well as over a cellar and the work of pumping water out i_if this cellar has been
prosecuted without intermission for the past fifteen years.

There is never any oiifensive odor in or al)out the well or station. The sewage
is all pumped far away before any decomposition can take place or anv offensive
gas be generated.

The sewage enters the well 15 feet below the surface through a jo-inch iron
pipe which extends across the city and to which lateral mains are connected lead-
ing from either extremity of the town.

These pipes are all laid at a grade of 7'.. feet to the mile, which covers most
of the city.

Recent compressed air devices have been attached tn the pipes in Chelsea, tlie
most distant point, so that the sewage there is lifted ini(i the i)ii)es from receiving
wells automatically and forced along the same as from nearer jjoints. .\ suitable
iron screen at the mouth of the pipe in the well jjrevents rags and all solid matter
from going into the pumps and pipes beyond.
15 (225)

22(; DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

Two 100 liorse power boilers and two centrifugal pumps with a daily cajiacity
of 16 million gallons are at present ample for all requirements in keeping the well
free. There is also a reserve five million gallon Holly pump in the station.

The daily pumpage varies from 2 million to 6 million gallons.

A 16-inch iron pipe leads from this well and station two miles back on the
meaddw.s to the northerly side of the city, where the sewage is disposed of in a
manner so highly satisfactory as to meet the approval of the highest health au-
thorities and the best sanitary engineers.

There are now about forty miles of sewer pipe laid in the streets of Atlantic
City, and 4,475 properties connected therewith. While the city authorities under
the ])re^ent laws cannot compel people to connect with the pipes of a private cor-
poration, the rates are so low and the service so efiFicient and satisfactor\' that
more than two-thirds of all the buildings b\- actual count are connected with the
service.

The Atlantic Cit\- Sewerage Compan\-, its name since the reorganization, in
1885, represents an investment of $400,000. It is paying interest on its bonds and
dividends on its stock and is one of the most essential and important features of
this resort.

SAILBOAT AMONG THE CLOUDS.

®ur (Tottaoe UDonies.

'TW L( )TTAGE by the sea ha.s luinishcd a cuminandiug Uieiiic fur

mm story tellers in the years agone, but we doubt if any song or

^ I ever been inspired by such delightful surroundings as make tlic

cottages of Atlantic City the ideal homes by the shore.

Of the six thousand and five hundred buildings on this island twc

them are cottages and the illustrations on this and other ])ages give thi

an adequate idea of this striking feature of the town.

)uels and
story has
beautiful

-thinls of

RESIDENCE OF SAMUEL

These cottages that breathe forth in every ilelicate detail and elegant orna-
mentation the artistic spirit of the owner, hecunie every season the tempi )rarv
homes of a nniltitude of summer sojourners, who. while they nia\ have no voice
nor vote in the local government of the cit\-. consider this \\a\e-kissed island
their home.

One may stroll for miles along the avenues and become bewildered l)y the
many well kept lawns, the luxuriant shade trees, the inviting residences tliat
harmonize delightfully with the tranquil feeling engendered by the dreamy
cadence of the ocean swell that pulses soothingly through the bracing sea au".

it'f»»»Mi.ii».m.»n.ui.m.iu.§ag.t<e ^^iiiiiFTn

SOME COTTAGE HOMES.

A(,l-. Ill IM

Men nf infliK-ncc ami
trade, escape the clalterin-

pri ilessiniis. Ill liiiance

RESIDENCE OF FRED HEMSL

our peaceful surroundings coiunume with nature and enjoy otiiiiii ciiiii digiiitiiti:

Our well graded streets, fringed with handsome homes, make an indelible

impression upon the mind. The infinite variety in the styles of architecture adds

RESIDENCE OF GEORGE F. CURRIE.

RESIDENCE OF HON. JOS. THOMPSON

lfA

1 1 —

IDENCE OF L. A. DOWN.

ilDENCE OF JNO. L. YOUNG.

RESIDENCE OF JOHN B. CHAMPION.

RE6IDE\CE OF THE FIRST MAYOR.

to the general effect aiul relieves the dfal) miifnini-
ity that soinetiiiies prevails.

The material prosperity eif .\tlaiitie (."ii\ \er\
largely depends iijion the renting- uf eutiages. as
probably half of them in stnimur are not noeuiiied
by the owners. Some of them priidnee an inenme
of $ioo per month, or S500 to Si. 500 or S '.00 > for
a summer season.

In July and August, when the sun-kissed
waves invite a plunge in ( )ld Xeptune's bosom, city
folk take possession of many of these cottages, and

children in gay attire may be seen disporting themselves at play on the green
sward, afterward forming merry parties that wander to the neighboring beach,
guarded by attentive maids, and happ\-hearle<! ])arents glad to i>ring an added
lustre to the eyes of childhood by the unrLstricted jirivilege of digging in the clean
white sand.

Of late years the fame of Atlantic City as a cottage home tor fashionables
has been growing, and there is hardly a family of any prominence residing within
a thousand miles of this favored region that lias not at one time or anotlier occu-
pied, as host or guest, one of the beautiful JKimes which fnrm tlie crowning glory
of the town.

Fair as she is. .\tlantic City would Idse the richest gem^ in her diadem were
she divorced from the pretty little hoiues that luake her the magnet for beauty-
loving cottagers.

RESIDENCE OF E.

(231)

RESIDENCE OF CHAS, EVANS.

RESIDENCE

OF W

M.F.

WAH.

^ ^

|s3

i^H

|i r

i^Hm^^^HHi

H —

— ■

■

Mifl&l

RESIDENCE OF GEO. W. CROSBY, M.I

RESIDENCE OF B. C. GODFREV

Btlantic Citv^ IfX^^tcU.

■i" X tlK- amount of cajiital iiivc.-tcd the lu.lel iiUrr
"I" second only to those of the raih-oa«l-. hut ii
T hotel interests are by >;reat udds in ilie leac
on the \\'estern Continent do the hotel inter
the amount of money invested, tlie number of peo
of business transacted, this is preeniinentl\ a hoti
a failure.

The busine.-s of eutertainin-- strangers or "ket
dates from the time in 1839. when ■■.\uiu Millie
patriarch husband died, enlarged her home, ^ecur
or fifteen years conducted the only tavern on the
city folk sojourned at the seashore durini^ the <;
\ears before railroads were in fashion or had beei
this direction.

When the railroad did come, fifteen years lati
than the old Leeds liomestead came into existenci.
States Hotel, the still larger Surf House, the Mans
dispensed lavish hospitality to visitino- thousands du
early years of the city's history.

I-'rom that time to this, as the country ha> pro:
great cities have made pilgrimage to ocean roorts.
City have led the van. catering with un-
paralleled success to popular demands.
till not less than ten million dollars are
now represented in the five hundred
hotels and boarding houses which line
the well ]javed avenues and attractive
beach front, which once were sandhills
and the least desirable sections of the
city.

The pro.ximity of many of our
hotels to the ocean where wrecked ves-
sels of other <lays with valualile cargoes
were driven ashore upon the sands, has
robbed th.e stormy deep of some of
its terrors and guaranteed to visiting

(thing sea
■n on pajii

d Congr

I'ni

tude f
f .\tl;i

IITEO STATES HOTEL.

,1 all the
ossiii- tl

thousaiKls at all scas.m> all tl
without goiiis; to sea. and <oci
bathing when winter wintls ar
of the gnests" rooms.

While Atlantic tity may nnt liav
comiiare with the Waldorf- Astdria. W"
dc Leon. St. Augustine; the I'alace 11 (
the Cireat Xorthern or the Auditorium
Palace, Denver; the Del Monte of Monterey.
Coronado, Santiago. California, the same may he

Nowhere else on the hahitahle globe is si
other lines of trade. re]iresented in hotels and 1
Atlantic City.

The story of this stupendous extension and
fifty _\ears of the town. The illustrations on
elegance and completeness our hotels are eipupp
iiients for moderate or the most fastidious tastes.

Our enterprising and progressive hotel proprietors e.xert
fluence in the affairs of the city. In securing a suitable water s

l.alatial h..tels to

York; the I 'once

;el, San Francisco;

Chicago; Brown's

or the Del

said of I'hi

SCHAUFFLER'S HOTEL.

ding h

.l.Mrii
-In h.

ision 1

page

■ all se

a (lonnnatnig m-
pply and tire pro-
tection, paved streets and perfect sanitary conditions, street lighting, an attractive
beach front and popular local administration of affairs, our hotel men have always
been active and prominent. A considerable i)ortion of the population are in their
employ as mechanics, artisans or servants, or dei)endent ujion tlu'in largely for
trade or auxiliary service.

Our hotel men spend thousands of dollars every year in giving .\llantic City
favorable publicity in the leading ptiblications of all the larger cities. They are
first and foremost in welcoming State and National delegates to amiual conven-
tions and promoting the best interests of this resort.

Atlantic City during the open seasons is a vibrating heart of the world of
fashion, culture, amusement and health. \\'hat a contrast do the hotels of the
closing century present to those primitive stopping places of fifty years ago!

Now we have modern palace homes, including within their secure and hos-
pitable walls, priceless paintings, ex(|uisite furnishings and luxurious couches
in cozy sun parlors, where a day is a veritable dream of delight. The ocean in

HOTEL ST. CHARLES.

H(vri:i. RATi:s \xn cai-aci rv •.-:!:

iniiiiatuic. with all its valuable i)ni|H-nii.s. is iilacid at llio (lis])<)sal of llu- ^'ucst.
and thus in curiously wrousht. seductive tubs of limpid sea water one may splasii
to his or her heart's content, alisorbiui^' energy anil that peculiar buovancv that
lends such zest in every ])leasure. Afterward, well wrai)ped up. a ride in a rolling
chair is within the ran-e of p. i>-ibility. and ai'ter one has been wlieeled for a
stretch alotiL; the lioardwalk. dined at the celebrated tables for which otir hotels
are noted and aherward listened tn a hi-h-cla-s cncerl. he nr >he is rea.lv to
smile ;i welcome to the sandman, kn.iwin.i; full well that uothins.; but beautiful
<lreams can follow in the wake of such a delightful day.

HOTEL RATES AND CAPACITY.

Hotel. k;iUs |RT IJ.i', i;.lUs IHT V

Hotel Traymore ■'>.v5o to $3.00 Sjo.oo to

St. Charles 3.50 to 5.00 20.00 to

\\'indsor 3.50 to 3.00 iS.oo to

Rudolf 3.00 to 5.00 JO. 00 to

Waldorf-Astoria ,^.00 to 3.00 jo. 00 to

Shelburne 3.00 to 3.00 jo.oo to

Chalfonte 3.00 to 3.00 tS.oo to

Dennis 3.00 to 3.00 iS.oo to

Haddon Hall 3.00 to 3.o:> iS.oo to

Luray 3.00 to 3.00 16.00 to

Iroquois 3.00 to 3.00 1 3.00 to

Seaside 3.00 to 3.(X) 18.00 to

.Senate 3.00 to 3.00 1 3.00 to

Islcsworth 3.00 to 3.00 JO. 00 to

Sandhurst J. 30 to 4.00 1 3.00 to J3.00 lOo

Wiltshire J. 30 to 4.00 1 3.00 to JO.oo 300

Cialen Hall 3.00 to 3.30 u.oo to J3.00 ttx)

Pennhurst J. 30 to 3.30 iS.oo to 30.0 > Joo

Waverly J.30 to 3.30 iS.oo to Jo.oo J50

Grand Atlantic 2.30, to 3.30 13.00 to jo.oo 300

•Morton j.oo to 3.30 ij.cm to J3.00 joo

Irving-ton J.30 to 3.00 1 3.00 to jo.oo JtX)

Glaslyn J. 30 to 3.00 1 J.oo to jo.o:) 1 J3

Hohiihurst J.30 to 3.00 13.00 to iS.oo 130

Berkeley J.30 to 3.00 14.00 to iS.(K) 3(»

Kenilworth J.30 to 3.00 1 J.oo to 1 3.00 1 73

De \'ille j.30 to 3.00 10.00 to lO.oo 3ix)

Little Brighton J.oo to 3.00 u.oo to iS.oo joo

Leiande J.oo to 3.00 u.oo to iS.txi 150

Strand J.oo to 3.00 10.0:1 to iS.co J50

i-rk C-,

aiiacity.

33-'^"

500

33.00

300

35-^10

-'50

33-00

350

30.00

300

33-00

300

33.00

JOO

35-00

300

3.vOo

300

J 3. 00

400

J 3. 00

400

JO.OO

300

iS.oo

J 30

J3.(K.

430

DAILY UNON HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

Hotel

New England .
Runnymede . .

Kuehnle

Cedarcroft . . .

Revere

Canfield

Ponce de Leon
Richmond ....
Chester Inn . .
La Belle Inn . .
Norwood . . . .

Rates pt

r Day.

Rates

per

Week.

Capacity.

2.O0 to

$3.00

$10.00

$16.00

150

2.00 to

3.00

10.00

16.00

175

2.O0 to

3.00

10.00

15.00

200

2.50

200

2.00 to

2.50

12.50

18.00

200

2.00 to

2.50

12.00

15.00

too

2.00 to

2.50

10.00

15.00

2.00 to

2.50

10.00

15.00

125

2.00 to

2.50

10.00

15.00

200

2.00

10.00

12.00

150

1.50 to

2.50

8.00

T5.00

125

1.50 to

2.00

8.00

12.00

125

HISTORY OF HOTEL WINDSOR.

In ihc year <>l 1SS4. William I'rank Waters purcha-id a small h. .ardin.i,'
house called' The .Miiienla. Inr Si().o(ii>. tr.im the lale L'apt. r.art.m I'viuk. At
that time the house cimtaineil iS roum- and had an extended view ni the ocean,
two vears later Sophia I'.ew erected the linardini; liouse called The iierkelev.
which was conducted hy the late li. W. Spence, who afterwards had the present
lldlniluu'st on rennsylvania avenue.

Mr. Waters died in 1888, and his son. who was at the rniver>ii\. Kit coUeiiC
and came down to as.-ist his mother with The Mineola. The following; stimmiT
he purchased The Berkeley and built a temporary connection. The capacity of
the house at that time was 150 t^niests. Two years later .Mr. ( i. jas.ni Waters
rebuilt the two hotels antl built the first modern IkjIcI in .\tlantic City with baths,
electric lights and salt baths. Tw.) years after this a number of other hotels
started to improve to exceed the Windsor. In i8<jo .Mr. Waters bouy;ht out his
mother's interests and has conducted the hotel ever since. In 1893 .Mr. Waters
made another large improvement, adding enough rooms to accommodate 400
guests: also making the ground floor the most attractive feature with Tm-ki-h
room, ball room and reception hall of large dimensions. .\lso engaging the first
hotel orchestra in Atlantic Citv for the diversion and entertainment of his guests.

In 1895 Mr. Waters conceived the idea of utilizing his basement for cafe
and restaurant, erecting a room to represent a ship's cabin with port holes, mast
tables, etc. This idea has been copied l>y other beach front hotels. In iScjj .Mr.
Waters built the first French courtyard in .\tlantic City, making a mo>t attracti\r
])lace in the center of the hotel.

.^ince the original hotel was started, in 1884, of 18 rooms and lot 40N 1 50,
-Mr. Waters has built on and added 140 rooms covering a s].)ace of 300x150, and
purchasing four cottages on Illinois avenue, and now the entire gniund owned
and controlled by The Windsor is 680x150.

The Hotel \\'indsor to-day is the most modern hotel on the .\tlantic Coast.
It has cost $325,000, and is the only hotel conducted on .American and I'.iiropean
])lans on the Jersey Coast.

HOTEL RUDOLPH.

Famous as Atlantic City is, as a resort and for its hotel accommodations, it
may be said, that the Hotel Rudolf is uneciualled in its location and unobstructed
view of the ocean. Situated directly on the beach front — in the most aristocratic
part of the city — with broad piazzas — balconies, bedrooms and diningroom over-
looking the sea. The luxuriousness of furni.shings and appointments, the service,
its popularity, and liberal management have advertised it throughout the United
States and Canada. Hotel Rudolf is heated with steam and open fires, when
weather demands it. Lighted by its own electric plant, has elevator service, rooms

\DSOR HOTEL.

ATLANTIC CilA' llOTI'l.S. -jll

Inline ami i-nsuiu- with l.atli and miKi atiaclu'd. '\'hv liath> liavi- a doiildc sv>icm
ni- service nf Iml ami cold sea water and Ire-li water as desired.

A spacimis ball-room, parlnr and nmsie rM, nn adjciiiis the i>t'tiee and excliani;e.
which is lurnished with iln!lan<l and Irench dcH-ns and ,>n the |M.lislied llours
( irienial rn^s of -real beauty are )inticed.

To insin-e pure water an artesian well has lieen ,-nnk nn the premises.

In addition to the orchestra, and ilance- i m l''ri<la\ e\ eiiin-^. and nnisic dui-ins;
meal hours, none merits more special attenliipn tli.an the laimin> ^rcU,. and its
cafe, where su])erb concerts are ijiven by :i lar^e Mrche.-tra. At nii^lit when the
L;rotto is illuminated by its many varietiated colored incandescent li-his. ihnin,L;h-
out the larjje cavern-like retreat, a scene of fairyland greets one and all.

The capacity of the Rudolf is four hundred guests. I'.ooklets are furnished
on application. The owner and proprietor is Chas. R. Myers, who is possessed
of a cordial and kindly manner; generous in all his dealings and indefatigable in his
efforts not only to maintain but enhance the high standard of excellence and
popularity which has i)een associated with the Rudolf.

THE LURAY.

Hotel Luray. one (if the large>t and hnest of onr beac
been under the ownership and management of Mr. losiah Wli
By gradual evolution and changes it has become a nio(lel all il
first-class accommodations for four hundred guests.

An expenditure of more than fifty thousand dollars in
Luray to the front in appointments and prestige.

The i)n.i]ierty covers 150 feet front by 356 feet dt-e]) at the
tucky a\enue.

Since January. 1M97. the firm n;ime has been jo.-iali W
admission as a iiartner of .\llen K. White. l-:st|., son of the lire

;S brought th

■^^i^^^m^rc-^mmmm^m

av'isAsfe.

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ATI.WriC C\r\ linKSF. SHOW, 2-l:{

atlamic (Iit\? Ibovsc Sbow.

Mr. (i. Jasnii W at I.' IS. ..f 1 l,,til \\incU,if. was llu- active spirit in the MrM-ani/a-
tioii oi tlK' Ailantii- Chy llnrsi.- Show .\s>nciatinii. wliifli licUl its I'lr-t nu'i^t in t'lc
Inlet I 'ark. July 13. 14 ami 13. iSi;<j-

His enterprise and enersjy enlisted the liearty eu-operatii m m' leading; iMtel
and business men. and the dis|)ta\- of line Imrses was hiL;hl\ satisl'aet( iry. as well
as the financial results. .\ still iwnx- aniliitiuus elTnrt will he inaile the present
season for a tour-day event, which has been marked .lown m .jjun Wednesday.
July II. moo.

The .\tlantic t'it\ llnrse .^Imw may imw lie con.-idered a permanent institu-
tion, and that it is not to he one of the least attractive I'eatm-es .it' the suntmcr
season is attested hv its brilliant inani^iiration last year and the character of the
men who are at it.- head. The I'ullowin^- are the ufticers:

G. jason Waters. President: Charles Evans. X'ice-i'residcnt : I h 11. .Mien W.
Endicott. Treasurer: Walter J. lUizby. Secretary: William S. I'.litz. .\ssistant ."Sec-
retary. The Directors are the above, and V. W . Ilemsley. J. II. l.i|ipiiiCMtt. H.
W. Leed.-. 1). .^. White, jr.. .\. ( ). Dayt.m. .\. T. .McClellan". Dr. 1. R. |-"lemin-.
jac.l) .Myers. W. 11. Catlin. .\. j. .\utlin-. Wnvum W". .^milh. J.l). .s,.nthwick.
I'hilipJ. Leigh. Josiah White, j. 11. I'.nrtnn. Xewlin llaiiu-. W. "l-:. Ivl-e. Charles
R. Mvers. .E B.' Reillv. M. 1). \'..un-man. .\l. I).. Charle- .<. Eackv. |ohn (E
.shreve. an.l ],^hu M. .Siaw .

CITY HORSE SHOW.

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l^^^p

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VIEW FROM LIGHTHOUSE, 1870.

VIEWS OF LONG AGO.

Eastev at tbc Shove.

\\'

a.o-L

TLAXTic c^^^■ ;i

the late V. W. llcin^ley opened I'.ri--

house. The Brighton then hail tilty-three runnis, insiea.l <A two
hundred as now, and speedily built up a profitable sijrin,- and w niter
trade. The late George V. Lee. the owner, encouraged the lessee
bv enlarging the house and providing up-to-date appointments.
which were appreciated, and other hotels were not slow in catering
to the same class of patrons. Physicians and railroad ofticiaL-
heartily co-operated with satisfactory results.
The advantages of this city as a place of retirement for society's devotees
(luring the Lenten season are now widely appreciated, fashionables from \\\v
York. Philadelphia and more distant centers coming here to find the restful
changes and relief that come from the peculiar advantages and characteristics
of this resort.

Here it is that the fair women and brave men who grace the social circle at
home, drink deep of the ocean air and diverting surroundings for which this sea-
lashed island is noted. Thus in a few weeks is a reserve fund of energy gained
that enables them to resume with fre^h delight the routine of life and care in the
great metropolises.

During the forty days which usually include parts of March and .\pril. the
shore is a veritable paradise, everything being conducive to a sense of peace and
tranquil enjoyment. The tedium of travel to distant southern resorts is avoirled
by a trip to Atlantic City and the benefits of an ocean voyage secured without
the risk and objections of being at sea.

As the great religions festival of Easter approaches, the arrivals become
more numerous and the scenes, like those in the
illustration, more frequent and striking, ^^^^en the
sun shines forth on that glad Sabbath morning,
sackcloth and ashes are cast aside and Queen
Fashion, arrayed in all the bewitching beauty of her
gracious loveliness, is revealed to the crowd that
promenades the Boardwalk.

Easter is the culmination of the spring sea.-on
and the churches are usually largely attended, after
which the procession along the Boardwalk is at its
height. Such an array of fascinating women in

(24.i)

GALEN HALL.

AT -l-

•J47

tu>icm cm I'.aster ni(;nii
iiitluisiasni nf \iuUli alu
(.iiv'.N faiiKuis r.oanlwa!

md niilliiKTv aivniily >c.
ir \v<,'ck> aftcr\var,l> tlic

■!. l-rwiKkTiii-pi-M
(,rl,l talks with th
,-sc(l alon- Atlaini

.1«.-L.«.a5jl mill iii;^;,^

EASTER ON THE BOARDWALK.

The i^reatest Easter Sunday in the b.istory of Atlantic City was on Ai)ri! _'.
1899. It was not an ideal one so far as the weather was concerned. The air was
chilly and raw. The wind l)lew a .L:;ale at times and shortlx' after noon a snnw
sqnall passed over the city. lUit the weatlur conditions did imi |irevein the
greater part of the estimated furty thousand visitor,- taking a stmll .m tiu- I'.oard-
walk.

r.etwcen the h(.nirs of eleven .\. .M. and one 1'. M.. the numlicr of promen-
aders on the lloardwalk was the lari^est of the day. There were two >leady
streams of people, one yoing up the walk and the other down, that reached from
rail to rail.

There was a marvelous display of Easter garments and headgear Ijy botii
old and young. There was an abundance of smart frocks and perfect dreams
of hats and bonnets. The women that came forth in their light .spring tailor-made
suits also had use for light furs and capes. Many bright and chipper Easter girls
and many fashionably attired young men scorned to wear over their natty suits

HOTEL ISLESWORTH.

EASTER AT THE SllURl', -.'40

a wrap or an overcoat, 'riiey preft-rred to carr\ tliL-ni mii their arin>. aiul make
themselves believe it was a halniy day.

Between the hours of four and live o'clock in tlie afternoiin the I'.oardwalk
was for the second time tilled with a double stream of .-trollcrs. Although nearly
every roller chair was in use. there was very little interference to pedestrians.
Since the order of the police, making- tlie attendants wheel the chairs in sing'le
file, there is more comfort to pronunaders than when the chairs were allowed to
be wheeled two or three aljreast.

The trains that arrived in this city on Saturda}- came in section^, the same
as they did the two days previous. The Camden train on the I'ennsx Kania that
arrived Sundav morning; about io._^o came in three sections, two of ten cars and

RESIDENCE OF

one of five, a total of twenty-five cars, of wliich five were pari
coaches and two baggage. The l.iridge train that f. illoweil the A
into the depot brought thirteen cars in twt) secticm.s. six ]iarlor
and one baggage.

The 5.30 train from this cit\ Sumlav evening to Market
composed of twenty-four cars, in twd seciinns nf twel-ic cars eac
was taken and railroad men estimate sixt\ persnns to a car, more th
hundred persons left on that train.

Both railroads report traffic ahead of all records for the week.
ing figures of the last two years are of interest, showing a gratifying
of advance.

treet
. As

rhe fcill.
percent;

.C^rf , ■'■'i^-

^ /

v^v\rf*

"^'JS^'

-4

♦V

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rHE SEASIDE HOUSE.

ROYAL READING.

i8()!<.

tX't).
88 c

S-itiirdav

Sunday

Total

41 '■

44
,128 c

WEST JERSEY AND SEASHORE.

189S. iSgg. 1900.

Tlu^l■^dav 54 cars. 83 cars. g6 cars.

Fridav 63 " 87 " HO "

Saturday 71 " 103 ■" 125 "

Sunday 35 " 60 " 66 "■

Total 223 car<. 333 cars. 307 cars.

r.y this it ap]jcars that a tutal d" 642 cars nr 3S.520 ])ass(.-n,t;i:'rs were hnm^lit
down in funr days of lyoo: 661 cars 1:4- 3^.663 iur the same period of i8yy: and
4CJ5 cars or 2g.joo passengers for iSgS.

THE RUSH AT THE HOTELS.

An idea of tiie Easter business may Ije gained by the i
at leading- hotels compared with that of tlic past two yea

1898.

Grand Atlantic 604

Hotel Dennis

Islesworth 355

Garden 300

Rudolf 3S5

St. Charles 450

Hotel Brishion

Hotel Travmorc 250

Hotel Berkeley

Hotel Windsor

Hotel Senate 22-,

Hotel DeVille

Seaside House 240

Shelburne 226

Pennhurst ifi?

Lurav

Wilts'hire

Iroquois

^'ictoria

Bleak House

Belmont

Galen Hall

Gladstone

Morton

Majestic

Ocean Queen

S99.

752

52S

1900.
600
600

S2^

;oo

500

300
600

4.^5
475

450
(100

400

525

355

325
270

300
300

252 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

\'erily is Easter at tlie seashore a time when wealth, fashion and culture
form the three graces that sway the hearts of the multitude. The surroundings
here seem especially designed for a proper celebration of the day. The sublime
majesty of the deep teaches a silent lesson of the omnipotence of the Creator and
the dependence of frail humanity.

Atlantic City as an appropriate place in which to observe and magnify the
day has been recognized for years, and the hotels make it a point to cater par-
ticularly to the rush that comes just prior to the great festival. Easter week, as a
rule, is devoted to private card parties and dances which are toned down to meet
the recpiirements of the season.

In the hotel world especially at this season our city is invested with a halo
of romance that appeals to the sentimental natures of young people who admire
the moon and see loved faces in the foam as they gaze at the surf and dream of
the day when their happiness will be consummated. "You'll remember me" is
the favorite melody at this time as the jingling cadence of the music chimes har-
moniously with the throbbing hearts of the cit}- lovers. For it must be borne in
mind that the Goddess of Love is the divinity that presides at the seashore and
the matches that are made within sight of the sea, while not as numerous as the
sands on the beach, are of frequent occurrence.

The post Lenten season marks a disappearance of those who have added a
touch of color to the resort during the preceding forty days, but many weeks do
not elapse before the Boardwalk is once more crowded with strangers in search of
health and pleasure.

XThc Boarbwalh nnb ©ccan Ipicie.

^-^ HE ceaseless chai
f^^ ciinie to this isl
^r the main feature
pedestrians only
glittering- sun

nd and capitali>ts U, l.niM railmads here. Sn i,,-day

of the city i> the four miles nl elevated l.nardwalk for

along the beach where all the glories of the sea — the

ht on the waters, the rolling breakers, the spray and tunnilt of

the storm, and the tireless ebb and flow of the water along the shore — may be
enjoyed l)y inland strangers, who find a peculiar fascination and inspir.atii m in
the power and beauty and life of the sea and hear nuisic in its ro.ar.

Xo other promenade in the country is so unique and enjoyable as .\tlantic
City's Boardwalk. It was first built in 1870, when the population of the place was
only about 2,000. The beach then was a wild public common, with scattering
bath houses and tiresome areas of mos(|uito marsh and soft sand. Tlie first
boardwalk cost ?5,ooo. which was a considerable sum in those days, when no
legal opinion was asked for and when public sentiment was strong enough to
push the scheme successfully along. It was at first only eight feet wide, set on
piling three feet above the sand. It extended from the lighthouse to the .'^ea-
view Excursion House at Alissciuri avenue, and was in use onlv a few months
in summer. Eashion in those tlays did not disport herself along the beach in
winter or at Eastertide as she does now.

Before winter came the walk was piled up in sections and secured to prevent
storm tides from wrecking it and bearing the pieces and piling too far away.

Larger and longer walks succeeded the first one as the town exten
need was felt, till in i<Si)i. at an expense of $55,000. a 24-foot wide wa
from the Inlet to Chelsea to replace the old one which was worn out.

The rapid growth of the city made necessary a larger, more
structure. It was built high and strong on wooden piling. It was
ones, all of wood. This investment proved a good one. All agre
attractiveness and popularit}' of the wider and
stronger walk, with an unobstructed view ocean
ward, made it pay for itself in two years. At thi
end of five years parts of the structure, for thi
safety of the crowds upon it. neciled rebuilding
It was then tlecided by the cit\ fathers to build ;
steel or iron structure, costing more and to las
for many years.

The piling and entire framework of this nev

(253)

d and th

.' the old
that the

,. ^^

^mr 'J ';. ««"

BiJAKDWAl

AND

proniL-iKuIc. from Kluulc Islaiul in Texas aviniio.
heart pine from Cieoryia, laiil mi c-xtra heavy ji
extend along either side wlure 'utikil a> a >ai'r.m
feet or more in the sand by liy(h-auhc iimccss and a;
the way this new walk is forty feet w ide and this y.V'
which throng it at Easter and in July anil August.

Excepting the two piers. (inl\ upen pa\il-
ions are budt along the ocean side, where seats
are provided for their patrons and the pulilic li\
the owners of the stores and liath luiuses on the
opposite side. Erom any iioint along its entire
four miles one has an unobstructed view oi the
ocean — of the ships and steamers passing a safe
distance from the shoals, out where the water
meets the sky. and of sailbnnts which, like ducks,
float leisurely with pleasiu'e parties in the dis-
tance or troll for the bluetish in season.

The Boardwalk is brilliantly lighted at night
the entire year by electric arc lamps, and during
the summer months is incomjiaralily the nmst
fascinating boulevard in the world. Man\- bril-
liant journalistic pens have made it fauKjus in
history, and many tongues have told the story nf
its attractions.

Between the Boardwalk and the ocean is the
magnificent stretch of surf bathing grounds,
where from lo.ooo to 20.000 men, women and
children may be seen any day during the bathing
season, disporting in the foaming breakers,
creating a living picture which the meist gifted
artists have not equalled on canvas, which
talented pens have failed to fully describe and
which no other watering place on the planet can
approach. It is unrivalled, unec|ualled. and. like
Pleiades, "the loveliest of her train." Atlantic
City is the gem of all ocean resorts in this
respect.

(Jn the other side of the Boardwalk is a
wonderful kaleidoscope of merry-go-rounds, an
opera house, haunted forests, shell bazaars, bath
houses, swimming pools, shooting galleries, liric-
a-brac stores, mineral-water fountains, phoiTi-
graph parlors, and a hundred charming exhila-
rating, harmless entertainments into which th.

( ialxaui/.ed ir( >

1 rail

The piling an.

sunk

firm a.- the hilts.

.\l.i-

too narrciw fnr 1

le cr..

M. D. YOUNGMAN, M.D.

with so liuii-li

!'.() \:;'.)V.A1.K AX!) 1MI-R>

visiter (.-lUors with zest ami upon which ho speiuls liis sinirc- i
])lcasiire and l)cnefit.

It is a typical American crowd, lull of life, luu never ,li>onlerl\. full of t!
charminor vivacity that seems to lie an inheritance from the sea. llere ma\ I
seen a Senator or Cardinal, a millionaiie. priot. merchant or proiessional ma
of eminence. happ\' aniony the more nimierov,> mem-
bers of the middle classes, hlvery eivili/.ed nation on
earth is represented in the cosmopolitan jii-ocession.

®cean ipicrs.

The first ocean pier to be projected in thi.s city was
the enterprise of the late Col. George Howard, of
Washington, D. C, in 1881. This structure, which
stood only for one season, celel^rated its opening- Jtily
I J. 1882. It extended 650 feet into the ocean, at the
foot of Kentucky avenue, on what is now the Hotel
Luray property. The science of sinkino- piling in heavy
beach sand was then in its infancy. The expeditious
hydraulic process had not then lieen used here and the
methods effective in softer soils were not satisfactory-
along- the beach. A September storm destroyed this
pier, but did not discourage the builder.

Col. Howard proceeded at once with a stronger
one, S50 feet long. At considerable expense screw-
threads were cut by hand on the sharpened ends of
heavy log piling, with the expectation of screwing them
deep enough into the solid sand of the beach. This
method proved ineffective, as power sufficient to twist
the logs to splinters would not penetrate the sand. This
crude thread failed of its purpose.

Steam power and the water process was then in-
troduced and the firiancial possibilities of ocean pier>
tested for several seasons.

The outer pavilion of the Ibjw-ard pier was
ilamaged by the Robert Morgan, a large new vessel in
ballast w-hich was driven ashore high on the beach just
above Kentucky avenue, on the night of Januar\ 1;.
1884. This pier was never a great success financiall\
and was ren-ioved by the commissioners who con-
tleiuned property for the building of the new- board-
walk in i8yi. It was assessed at S8.000.

J. R. Applegate. in 1883. was next to embark in

jdui^' -"■*».»

f %!

jp O |4

ri \^

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^l4

■nil

s]1

^jr

REV. CALEB K. FLEMING.

P.n AKinVAI.K AXn riF.RS. i"j

tin- pier l)usiiK-ss. Ik- hnii-lu oik- Inuulivil iVit of lii-ach fmiu at tlic ii»<\ .it
Tennessee avenue for Sio.ocx). ])ayint; .S,v5^x' i'"' "»<■' tin>-t''"it l^i and S().3(kj for
another next adjoining- where his picture ijalk-riis were, h was a douljle decker,
artistically finished, with an annisenieni pavilion at the outer end ')J3 feet from
the I'.oaniwalk.

This ])ier from the n]i]Kr ikck affonled a line ocean view and was Imilt to
acconmiodate several thoii>an.l ]h-.i]iK-.

This pier and real date wa> sold in iSi,i to Messr.. \'oun- and McShea.
for $56,000. and has heen extensively enlari;ed and imjiroved since, till it now
extends 2.000 feet itito the ocean, and for years l.a.- been the c;re:it centre of
attraction aleiny; the lieach from.

ON YOUNG'S FIER.

A larije net, hauled twice dail\- in summer at the outer end. lirini^s up a lar^-e
and varied assortment of the animal life of the sea, which is of infinite interest t'.)
visitors. From this net specimens of fiih of all sizes are secured for the lari^e
tanks on the pier, where living- specimens may at all limes be seen.

In one large pavilion, 80 bv 200 feet, hops, cakewalks. baliy shows and en-
tertainments are given, and in another still larger auditorium meetings ami con-
ventions are provided for.

-260

DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

As a resting place, where the ocean and batliing grounds may be viewed,
the pier has become indispensable. Otherwise the congestion of travel on the
Boardwalk might become decidedly unpleasant, where now the surroundings are
of the most novel and enjoyable character.

^bc Qli) llron pier.

In 1 88/ a company was organized in this city to build an iron pier as a popu-
lar beach-front attraction at the ocean end of Massachusetts avenue. Iron bridge-
work was used and a fine structure built, i.ooo feet into the surf, at a cost of
$60,000. It was kept open several years, but was not a success financially and
was sold at a forced sale, becoming finally the property of Messrs. Young &
McShea. who purchased a square of land at the entrance.

A storm-tossed vessel wrecked a portion of the outer pavilion and a severe
storm a few }ears later carried away several sections of the pier nearer the en-
trance. Damages were repaired and the old iron pier is still rented and used
for business iniri)oses.

^Hn^i

C;hc H-lcw steel picv.

In l8i)8 tlK- Atlantic City Stcrl I'irr (nniiiany \\a- nr,i;aiii/A.l and incor-
pnratctl an.l the hamlstnnc strnctnri.' hiiill K130 Kct into tho ocean, at the I'not -if
\irginia avenue. The capital slock of the company is $4O0,cx)o.

At the entrance from the Boardwalk a two-story casino and mnsic hall, -la-s
inclosed and steam heated, scats 1200 in-oplc and is a favorite snnparlor and wait-
ing place for social gatherings or visiting org.anization-.

.\ large dancing pavilion or atulitnriiun fnrther along acconnnod,-ites 3.500
people at one time, and a still larger one at the extreme .niter end aecoinniodalo
4.500.

As many as 18.000 people have been admitted to the >teel ])ier on a single
occasion during its first season. It is a substantial, safe and select resort for
visitors, conducted to please the best class of ])eople.

A dividend of seven per cent, was declared on the stock at the end of the lirst
season.

George W. Jackson was one of the leading jiromoiors and Largest -hare-
holder. The structure was built on lands that were his.

The officers and directors of the cnnpany are: I'l-eMdent. Wm. Jay Turner,
929 Chestnut street, rhiladelphia; Nice- 1 'resident, bfank |. 1 'alter-on: Treas-
urer. George W. Jackson: Directors, the above and A. ( ). 1 )avion. Win. T. Tiers,
L. W. Passmore,"D. F. Keenan. Fred llurk, Charles F. (in.shol/, Robi. T. Hast-
ings, L. E. Filbert. A. S. Elliott. Morris I'laclzer and f. T- Sullivan.

®ur public Schools.

1-1 F. orowth
many j^ral

and d
tifyinj;

eyelo,,,

uent cif

liuildinys.

seven

ty odd

teaclie

methods '

A-hich

now c

■omprist

huml)

If conditions

forty

years a

igo.

io early as li!

<36 on

e Rich:

u-<l Rid

to ins

-truct less ih;

an a i!

liizcn e

liiKlren

listiiry ui Allanlie C'it\. Tlu- >!>: fiiu-
fnur thnnsand pupils and np-ln-d;i!e
nr public scIkihIs, Marled Irnni very

meager were tlie means and nietlidds (if in-triicti(iii in the rudiments in ihn^e da\s
l)y private tuition.

Risley was succeeded by .me M.irtimer ( inndrich. wii.. had his i)rivate ^cli.iol
in the Ryan Adams house, which sto.ul exactly at the intersectinu ><i Arctic and
Delaware avenues. Tradition says that John Weaver ftillnwed (ici.xlrich, and
there were probably others during- the long winters that intervened liefure the
incorporation of the city and the advent of the railroad in 1854.

Anna ^laria Gaskill taught a private school in the dining room of the thalk-
ley Leeds residence, in 1856, and later in the same year F.ilward S. Reed, assisted
by his wife, opened a school near I'.altic and Rhode Island avenues, in a house
which still stands next to the I-'irst .M. E. Church on Atlantic avenue.

.V Miss Thomas succeedcil Air. Reed, having her school in a basement rooui
of the -M. E. Church, which had just been erected. There were then some thirty
or forty school children on the i-land.

The late Arthur We.-tcott. who f, ,r many years was City .\s>essor. tanglit a
private school in a small building erected for that purpose by Richard 1 lackelt
on South Carolina avenue above Arctic.

A ^liss Slade had a school in Mt. \ernon Cottage, ne.vt to .st. Xicholas
R. C. Church, on Atlantic avenue, and a .Miss I'rice ha.l a scho,,l for a time in
the Chester County House at Xew ^'ork ami I'acihc avenue-.

The lirst public school was opened about 1858, in the old ( Iceaii House, at
Maryland and Arctic avenues, where l'eyer"s Hotel now stands. It was first
taught by Mr. Chas. G. \'arney. The I'ollowing year the .School Trustees were
able to provide the first public school house, a small iVame building, on an ample
lot at Arctic and T'ennsxlvania avenues. Mr. Aarney was succeeded by .Alex-
ander L. Bellis. a graduate of the State Normal School, whose system of disci-
I)!ine proved an innovation. During liis two years" stay I'.eilis was assisted by
his sister. Miss Sarah, [Nliss Fannie Smith, Miss Deborah Cordery and Miss Lena
Scull.

OF PU3LIC SCHOOLS.

I'L'DLlL SCIK

)I.S.

.Schoolboys tO!;cthe.- in tlir ■ il.
Bartlett, John Wilson, juhvanl an.l Joseph W
Harry S. Scnll. William and 1',. I-." Snu.U-r.
Evanl, Charles LcaL-. Will Smith, ami other.

.\bout 1S63. the link- three-room >ehool
trustees awarded a contract to Kichanl Soud
room structure, as a more imposing front to
difliculty in providing funds, and the contra
Robert T. Evard, at pecuniary sacrifice tn him.
n-.uch-needed school facilities. I'or many \ e:
school trustee. His sturdy sense, ru-^ed Imi
select good teachers and tell \v

liouse. in |S5<; and ho. were ICzr.'i
dlow, Henry and .Andrew lligbce.
Tom .\dams. h'.noch Turner, .^am

louse became .so crowded that the
.-rs for builtling a tW(j-slory, four-
the original building. There was
■tor was unalile to proceed. .Mr.
ell. CMmplete.l the i. .1, and pn ,vided
r> afterwanl Mr. KvanI >erved a^

came with him and for seven years wa:

dreds of our best known citizens have pleasant

Mr. and Mrs. [Morse.

Other assistant teachers under .Mr. Morse
Hayes, Caroline Bigelow, of Livermore. .Main
boken; Miss Ina Ross, of Burlington: .Miss
Eldredge.

In the fall of 1872 Mr. }*Iorse resigned ar
elected, who two years later was succeeded b\-
Dickerson, who remained one }ear onl\-.

In September, 1877. the schools opened w
man. as principal. He had taught several year:
at Weymouth, in .\tlantic County. The trust'
Barstow, Robert T. Evard and .\ndrew W.
years, resigning in 1879. having embarked in ji
during the two years of his administration were

were .\li-.>es I'-Uintt. .Mary .\ellie
,: .\li<s I'-.li/al.eth .Mien, of llo-
Anna Weatheiby. .Mis> Samaria

d .Mr. Charles i\. Kingman wa-
|..hn li. r.atten. and he bv .\. R

ith John E. Hall, another .Maine
. in his native State and one year
.'es at that time were Joseph A.
romiikins. Hall continued two
urnalisni. The assistant teachers
.Mis-es .\dah M. Seelv, Eliza U.

SILAS P. MORSE.

rri'.Lic SCHOOLS. aov

Xorth, .Mar\ Lara, llck-n L'. S.cl\ . Sarah lla-aii, l-.va Ma.l.Kn. W-llic •nmnip
son. Carrie I'.. Adain.^. Annie .\l. A.lanis, an,l Mrs. jnln.snn.

Osmond C. Evans, from Maine, .-ncceeded Hall, and taught Iwu years, lie
was succeeded in the fall of iS8i as iirincijial by Clarence ]•". Morse, also from
Elaine, who had been in charge of the school at Mays Landing several \ears, and
was assistant jirincipal in the Indiana A\enue ScIimu] in the ])reviims ye;u-.

About ilii> time a separate .-chonl fcir colored children wa.- opened in rooms
now occupied l)y the L". S. l-'ire C'ompany. It continued successfully se\eral
years, till political influences prevaileil against separate colored schools.

Prof. AX'illiam .\. 1 )eremer took charge of the schools of this city in the fall ..f
1801. and ciintinued in ( .tiice as ."Supervising Principal muil ( Iclnber. iSo.^ when

from Cumberland, Md., and had taught very successfully at \ ineland, .\. J.,
several years. He was an indefatigable worker, with tact and originality that
made him popular with his associates. He introduced manual training and a
system of moral training which comes from having teachers and pu|iil- investi-
gate and relieve cases of want and sufifering among the worthy poor ni the city.

During his term of office four schoolrooms were added to each of the follow-
ing buildings, viz.: Xew Jersey avenue, Indiana avenue and Texas avenue. The
teaching force was increased from thirty-five to forty-seven teachers. .Manual
training was added to the course and L. 1". Ackerman, a graihiate of tlu' I'ratt
Institute, Brooklyn, was elected to be in charge of this department in the spring
of 1893.

In October. tSqt,. Chas. L'.. I'.oyer. then principal of the High ."Schniil. was
elected to fill the vacancy by the death of Prof. Deremer. Henry P. .Miller, a
native of Sharpsbnrg. Maryland, was at the same time elected to the princiiialshi])
of the High School.

Since 1893 the teaching force has been increased from forty-seven to sixty-
seven regular grade teachers and live special teachers. The total enrollment
June 30, 1894, was 2,311, while that of June 30, 1898. was 3,391, an increase of
1,080 schoolable children in four years' time.

The following table concisely gives the dates of the construction, the capacity
and present value of the several school pmperties in Atlantic C'ity:

Schools Koom:

High School 10

Pennsylvania Avenue ifi

Indiana Avenue 12

Xew Jersey Avenue 12

Texas Avenue ' -

Chelsea ''

Total 68

.896

843.000

887

40.000

.^J<)

30,000

^x^

33.000

^x:.

J^.OOO

897

30.030

$203,000

ISRAEL G. ADAMS

I'LMU.ir SCHOOLS. -y.'^

In the- fall I if 1 8^8. the niamial training; cnursc was exti-mlcd, in urdcr tliai all
pupils of the grammar grades should receive the benefits from such a course of
training. At the present time there are five manual training rooms located as
follows: One at Xew Jersey avenue, one at Pennsylvania avenue, one at Chelsea,
and two at the High School Building.

A regular commercial course was introduced in the fall of iHcjS, and F. J.
Klock. a graduate of the Rochester business University, Rochester, X. V., was
elected to take charge of this department.

\'ocal music, as a regular class study, was introduced into tiie schools in
January, 1891. The department was placed in charge of Miss Josephine Fletcher,
who continued as supervisor of the same initil the sjiring of 1803 She was suc-
ceeded as supervisor by Miss Rispah I'Mtler. wlm tiMik chargi' nf the de|i;irlnu-ni
in the fall of 1893, and she was siiccecled by Mrs. Helen C. flnier in the fall nf
1899. The results obtained thus far have been ver\- gratifying.

All expenditures are wisely made, and of the $80,560.^8 ai>i)rui)riated by
City Council for educational purposes during the past year, $67,267.12 was spent
in behalf of the schools of this city. The best interests of the schools have at all
times been considered and the Board has acted wisely and judiciously with all
questions pertaining to the welfare of the boys and girls. The work in all depart-
ments is in the hands of faithful teachers.

While .\tlantic City may boast of her magnificent Boardwalk, her modern
hotels, salubrious climate and world renowned popularity, she may also feel [)roud
of her public school system and the influences emanating from the same.

High School graduates who have entered higher institutions of learning have
been successful in their various lines of work. The future of the schools of this
city is bright.

The demands fur the support of the schools have always been met with a
willing response from the generous public.

At a public scliool meeting held early in I'ebruary of the pre-ent year, the
Board of Education was authorized to purchase the site of Hotel \\ averly. ai the
corner of Pacific and Ohio avenues, lot 150x150. for $50,000, and build ujion it a
fine high school building costing SScooo more: also to purchase a lot at Lincoln
and Ohio avenues and provide for the lower grades at a cost of $35,000 additional.
The present organization of the public schools consists of the foll.iwmg I'.oard
of Education:

Aaron Hinkle, First Ward: S. R. M.)rse, Paul Wootton. .Second War.l:
Carlton Godfrey. William A. P.ell. Third Ward: C. J. Adani^. .S.nnuel 11. Kelley.
Fourth Ward. President. C. J. Adams: \'ice-l'resident. Carhon ( ,o,lirey: District
Clerk. Aaron Hinkle: City Superintendent. Dr. W. M. Pullar.l: Supervising Prin-
cipal. Chas. P.. P.oyer.

Special Teachers.— L. E. Ackerman. Manual Training: Wilhelmine Ochs.

JOHN R. FLEMING, M.D.

Siiperviso

T of Ih-d

wiiii;:

Akx^

.■mail T

linnias,

. SniK

G. L"lnK-r

. Superv

is.ir ,,

1 Mils

w: Ann

a S. \U

.nsall.

Ilioh

1 Sell..,,]

. mil

Mis a

n,l Arc

tic Av

cnucs

Mathcniai

tics aiul

Scici

icrs—

-Kailiar

ine Sli

aul>.

■cl-c.

nicini .\u. ^y. n

■ni Xm

. 56. o-eograph;

i-li>h.

arithmetic and

■. Miller, i

•rincipal.

Inrencc A.

.\\ls,,n.

-v: l-nnKli:

I \rn..l,l.

pl,VMnl,.^y

. .-pcliinij;
nianshii);

.u';Tlic.»l,.r

c I'arkcr.

li -ra.lc: I

'arric I-"..

j. I'ndcrw.

mmI. tifih

fourth -rad<

- l-.su-lla

iric Jnhn-..,

1. sccnnd

n-si -ra.lc;

liracc 1).

). Rccina. t"n-

si i^railc:

Latin and Algebra: Alice 1'.
Arithmetic and Algebra: 1'

Eighth Grade.— Ella K
and music; ]May K. Biggin
Ethel .M. Davie, room Xo. ■
janitor.

New Jersey Avenue School.— Mary .\1. .\lnrra\
Adams, tilth grade: Lida E. Tyler, seventh grade: 1-
grade; Emma J. Chamberlain, fourth grade: ^ledora R
M. Davis, third grade: Anne M. .\danis, third grade:
grade; Bertha M. Davis, second grade: Ernestine Str:
Morton, first grade; Elizabeth C. Mster, third grade: 1-
E. Xaomi Murdock, second grade. Constant Conover, Janitor.

Pennsylvania Avenue School. — Carrie W'isner, seventh grade: .\nnie C'on-
over, si.xth grade; Lottie Hutchinson, fifth grade; Ezanna Comiver. imnth gr.ade;
Stella -AL Cromwell, fifth grade: .Maud .M. P.reneman. sixth grade: ( icMrgi.-i .Mor-
ris, seventh grade; J- ^lay I'.renenian. first grade: l-'lora C. .\sldiack. lirsl -rade;
Elizabeth C. Allen, second grade: M Pauline Reed, second grade: Eli/.abeth
Albertson, third and fourth grades: C. Alberta L'nderwood, third grade: Mary
Walker, third and fourth grades: Lillian \'. Thompson, first and second grades.
Jacob Staton. Janitor.

Indiana Avenue School.— .\ddie Wescott. seventh grade: Sallie K..thernu-1.
sixth grade; Florence Hayday. third grade; Hannah D. Pierce, fourth and fifth
grades; Agnes Schwalm. fifth grade: Lizzie English, third and fourth grades;
Louise Pinchon, second grade: INIinnie E. Morse, first grade: Emily .\. .Mitchell,
first grade; Edith ^L Boothliy. fourth grade: M. Kate Jay. first grade: .\l;irie
Ostrander. second grade. ( ieorge Thomas. Janitur.

Lndiana Avenue Branch. — Hattie E. Merritte, first grade: Lulu Pierce. >eciinil
and third grades: Frances G. .\nderson, second grade.

Texas Avenue School. — Clara B. Lockwood. sixth grade: Harriet .\1. I'.resee.
third grade: AL Bunlella Lindsay, third grade: P.essie W V.iuiig. fnurili gnide;
Lidie Gilch. fifth grade: .Sylvia Adams, thinl grade: l-.lii-alK-ih Kaiidlc >ec..nd
grade; Elizabeth Prowell. first grade: Laura Wick, first grade: Xan 1.. Mildreu,
first grade; \'ioIa E. Batten, second gr.-nle: I-Jiuiia Allen. >ecnnd grade. IPiw.ard
Collins, Janitor.

Chelsea Building.— Robena Gk.ver. >eventh gr.ade: Clara llinkle. fnurlh
grade; Ella J. Hamilt.m. fifth grade: .Mice Plarford. .-ixtli grade: l-'rances J.
Stauffer. secon-l and thir.l grades: .Mabel 1 Iin>hehvo,.d. first grade, .\nios Tih...n,
Janitor.

iniR^

PARDON RYON.

Sonic of the Xcabino Churches.

jfirst fID. le. (Tburcb.

^bL HE First .Methodist Episcopal riiurch in this city, (ui A

Jfl Connecticut avenue, was built in 1S57. 'flic ci inuisinnr \\a

V^ of that year. The lot, 60 x 150, was oivrii tn the church !>■

Leeds, who then owned many acres in that |iart ni the i>hii

The first reHgious services were held in a hmise then standin;
field." Local cxhorters conducted services at first, till ;ui ur^a
effected. Rev. Edward H. Durreil is said to have preached the
sermon.

A Sunday-school was organized in Cottage Retreat liefore roon
church building were ready for use. During its construction Will
was killed by the falling of the tower from the roof, one of the L;iril

Since first occupied the church has twice been enlarged and ini]
free from debt and valued at $12,500. There is a comfortable pars'
30 North Delaware avenue, valued at $4,500.

The membership of the church now numbers nearly three huni
and the Sunday-school nearly four Innidred. The annual receipts ;
exceed $3,000.

The twenty ministers who have ofticiated at this church since
preached his first sermon are the following:

liil in July
h.alkley S.

11 the -old

■St re-ular

in the new
1 I'onover
breaking,
ive.l. It is
ige at Xo.

d jiersons.
1 expenses

1. \V. B. CULLIS.

2. J. T. TUCKER,

3. R. J. .ANDREWS,

4. MILLARD FOGG,

5. W. S. B.\RN.\RT.

6. R. M. STR.\TTON,

7. A. M. XORTH,

8. .A. J. GREGORY.

9. J. F. HEILENI\L\N.
10. J. T. HUTCHINSOX,

The present official board
JOSEPH C. CLARK,
JOHN J. ^L\SOX,
CLARENCE L. COLE,
JOHN A. CLE.MENT,
MRS. AL\RY REPP,
F. H. BOWEN.
HARRY PARSONS.
MRS. LEWIS EV.\NS,
LEWIS BARRETT.
LUTHER EDMUNDS,
ELWOOD lOHNSON,
JOHN W. PARSONS.
18

11. lAMES .\hDU(;ALL,

12. W. S. ZANE.

n. W. T. ABBOTT.

14 J. L. ROE.

iv PHILIP CLINE.

16. I. H. BOSWELL.

17. j. B. DILKS,
iS. J. H. PAYRAN.

19. HENRY BELTING.

20. GEORGE S. MESEROL

the following persons:
MRS. E. .S. REED.

i:lli()T repp.

MRS. MARY WOOTTON,
THOMAS RILEY.
THOMAS M.\THIS,
WAI. G. LORE.
MRS. W. G. LORE.
JOB. G. MONROE.
S. P. DUBOIS.
ALBERT DOUGHERTY,
URIAH RILEY.

A. W. BAILY, M.D.

site of tl

lie First V

resliyterian L'lui

small pa

rt of a tra

ct that ciist the

siderablc

■ to grade

the ]iropert\-, hr

tiee was laid

August 2 1

• i''^:

h.hn Chanil

lers, D.D..

J.ih

•ev. William

11. Creen

, LI

Jfiutit iprc£?bvtci*ian (Il?iu-cl?.

The first Presbyterian services ever held in ilii> eii\ were d inducted in the
house of the first -Mayor, Chalkley S. Leeds, un January _'i, 1S53. Missiunarie-
of the Presbytery conducted services for some xears in private houses durinj;
the winter months and in hotel parlors during the summer. So early as 1855 the
Camden and Atlantic Land Compan\- very oenerousl\- save to trustees the i)resent
rch. It was swampy gnumd al that lime, a

t >aiul hills were not far away. .\l that lime
there was no building- of anv kind nn 1 'enns\ hania avenue, except the Man^inu
Mouse.

The corner stone (if the h
sion addresses were made by

and Samuel Beach Jones, D.D. Kev. William 11. Creen, LL.I)., mI I 'r
Seminary, also was present.

The first public services were hehl in the Imilding July Jd. 1S57, with nnly
temporary seats and unplastered walls. In the same nmnth nf July. 1S57, the
corner stone of the First Al. F. Church was laid.

In 1838 the Presbyterian property was seized by the sheriff for outstanding-
debt and was extricated with considerable difficulty. Stock was issued in S50
shares, bearing six per cent, interest, to run five years. All were finally redeemed.
For years the church was only occupied in sunniier, anil |)reachers were >ecnred
by giving them free entertainment at the United States Ibitel fnr their ser\ices.
The building was too large and coUl for winter use.

The church was dedicated June _',v 1851;, when Dr. C'harles Wad-worth
preached from Luke 7:3.

On December 29, 1870, a regular church organizatinn was effected liy the
following seven charter members: Air. and Airs. Lemuel Flilridge, Ileiu'y. son
of Rev. W. ^^'. -McXair, Airs. Henry AlcXair. Aliss Alary .Scull, Airs. Rachel' Scull
Turner and Airs. Rebecca R. Townsend. Airs. Turner is the only luu- ni them
living to-da}-.

Rev. Ailen H. Brown, Rev. Dr. A'. D. Reed and Rev. S. W. I'ratt were the
committee of the I'resbytery on organization. Zealous missinnaries in the earlv
days of the church were Rev. Allen H. Ib-ciw-n and Rev. F. R. Brace, wlm are
still among the living.

For years the church was dormant, till with increasing i)o|)ulati' ni it l)ecame
self-sustaining.

Rev. AA'. AA'. Ak-Xair was the first stated supply. He continued about tw'.>
years after the organization, when various ministers filled the puljiit irregularly.

Rev. A. G. Baker officiated about two years, till 1878, when Rev. II. Alartin
Kellogg became the stated supply till February. 1880.

The building was enlarged to its present size, in 1876, at a cost of $.^,300.
The chapel was erected in 1878 at a cost of $2,400, and was dedicated January 14,

yjc'j^ :

i^,£^

GROUP OF CHURCHES.

FIRST I'.APTIST CHUKCIl. 277

187.;. It has since bwn twice cnlar-cl aiul is an in.lispcn.-al.lc auxiliarv ni tlu-
church.

In March, 1880. Rev. Edward liryan. a classmate of .Mr. Kellogg, came and
officiated acceptably till October, 1882. \arious supplie.'; and candidates lilled the
pulpit till the fall of 1883. when Rev. Dr. William .\ikman was installed as the
first regular pastor. He officiated ten years, till .\pril 17. 18(14. ( )n \'n\eniber
21, 1894. Rev. F. J. Mundy, D.D.. was elected pastor .-ind -erved till March
31, 1896. He was never installed as pastnr, but withdrew with seveiity-fnnr mem-
bers April 2"/. 1896. and organized the ( tjiwt I're.-liyterian t'lnirch nf .\tlamic
City.

January 20. 181)7, Rev. 1-Vederick Junte .Stanley, D.D.. was elected jiastor.
He began his labors I'ebruary i, 181)7. and was installed jiastor by the Presbytery
April 26, 1897, becoming the second regular pastor in the tweiUy-niiu' ye.ars"
history of the church.

The church property is clear of debt and is valued at S.V'.cxio. It ha- an
active membership of 253 persons. The schdlars. teachers and officers of the
Sunday-school number 314.

The annual receipts and disbursements by the last rejjnrt amnunted to
$7,685.93, an increase of $1,606.66 over the ])revious year.

In November, i8g8, this church started two mission chapels uiuK'r tin- per-
sonal direction of Rev. H. R. Rundall. one in Chelsea and one in the nnrthern
section of the citv.

Jflrst Baptist (Iburcb.

The history of the First Baptist Church is a story of consecrated effort and
abundant success. In February, 1880, a few earnest Baptists met one evening in
the home of ]\Irs. Jane B. Shane, 225 Atlantic avenue, and after a good deal of
discussion concluded that they would at least make an efifort to organize a Sunday-
school, and hold regular services on Sundays and a prayer meeting during the
week. The thought of organizing as a church had not at that time been ex-
pressed.

The Sunday-school was organized in the Pennsylvania .\venue School House,
where it met for a few months. The school building not answering for ])reaching
purposes, the hall at the corner of Atlantic and Chalfonte avenues, known then
as Mehler's Hall, was rented. Here, for a few weeks, gathered the faithfid found-
ers of the church. They were not alone in their meetings, for ni.iny \isitors to our
city found them out and met with them.

Thus encouraged, the subject of organizing a church was talked of. Some
of the Philadelphia visitors advised it, and a meeting was called for the 29th day
of June, 1880. At this meeting were jiresent the following clergymen: I\e\-.
R. F. Young, of Haddonfield, who was really the fatl.er of the church: 1.. i '.

£/i/CL/SH LUTHERA/^ CHUPC/^ CfRMflN PReiiByTefiM/v cHu/^c^

GROUP OF CHURCHES

1-1 KST I-.AI'TIST CHL-RCll. 279

Hornbcriicr. ( .coi-.^l- (.ohikt, C_\ C. l-n..u-, W. I'.. Tnlan. aii.l 1. ( ,. W alkrr. ..I
rhiladelphia: T. L. llaiky. ..1 I'misiowu. I'a.. an<l A. 11. l.un-. .",f Cain.K-ii. Rev.
Mr. Young presided, and Rev. .\lr. Walker acted as elerk.

At this meeting the eluneh was organized with the t'lillnwing members: J.
II. Leedom, Mrs. Harriet Leed..m. F.dward Ross. .Mr-, lunma Ross. Mr.s. Maggie
A. Peterson. Miss Mary A. McClees. Mrs. .\deline .^. l.ee. .Mrs. Maggie Shinnen.
Dr. A. W. r.aily, Mrs. Jane Black ( Shane i, .Mrs. .Max .\. I'.nrhek. Mrs. Laura A.
Bewley, Jacob L. Peterson. Rev. T. L. I'.aily. .Mrs. Carnline .\. liaily. Miss Susan
L. Baily, Mary A.-Simes. Mrs. Esther .\. Moore ami .Mrs. .Margaretha Camerer.

At this meeting Jacob H. Leetlom was eleeti.d l)eao(in .-md Treasurer. ;ind
Dr. A. W. Baily. Clerk. During the summer of iSXo the church worshipped in
the Presbyterian Chapel, returning to the hall in tlu- fall. Tliey were without a
])astor. depending upon supplies from Sabbath to .Sabbath, and also without a
church home, but an active building committee at work.

In the summer of i88i the Presbyterian Chajiel was again secured. During
the summer of i88i Mrs. Isaac Ford presented to the church the lot on which
the building now stands, and on the 8th of September groiuid was broken lor the
foundation. On the 2gth of the same month the cornerstone was laid, and during
the fall the work of erection was pushed along slowl\ , for the church weiu upon
the plan of "paying as they went." One of the noted events in this historv
occurred October 31st of this same year. That day Rev. Sidney Dyer, of Wood-
bury, was elected the first pastor, and from that date to January i. 1S85. he served
most faithfully. Under him the building was completed and paid for. In the
June following his election the building had been ])ushed forward to the jjoiut
when it could be occupied. It was little more than a liarn. though, for there was
no plaster on the walls and nothing Ijut muslin in the windows. But if ever there
was a happy congregation it was the one that worshi])ped for the first time in tliat
incompleted building.

Dr. Dyer was compelled to resign on account of ill health. Cnder his jkis-
torate the membership increased to fifty-five.

After three months the church called Rev. William E. I'.oyle to the iiastorate.
March 4. 1885. He remained pastor until the close of iSijo. I'nder his care the
membership was increased, but no s])ecial work was accomi)li.-hed. exce])t or-
ganizing the Young People's Society of Christian Ivndeavor. the first society
formed in the city.

Rev. T. J. Cross began supplying the church in iScji. lie was then a student.
In June of that year he became regular su])i>ly for four months, at the exi)iration
of which time he was elected pastor. L'nder his care the church has had its
most successful period. The congregations grew till the building became too
small and it was enlarged. There is no debt upon the church, and at the present
time it is united and harmonious, and has alwavs been so.

Bethany Baptist Chapel, a flourishing mission, at present li>caled on .\tlantic
near Florida avenue, is the health v child of this church.

M. L. MUNSON, M.D.

lepiscopal (Iburcb of tbc ascension.

A movi.'nK'nt to establish all llic year nmiul rclis;i(>ii.- miiii.-tvatioiis j^aiiud
headway among; tlie Mpiscopalians of Atlantic City during the later Seventies an<l
resulted in the purchase of a lot at 2015 Pacific avenue. The late Mrs. [■". <"i.
Taylor was chiefly instrumental in the erection of a frame chaiHJ. whicli was
formally opened by Bishop Scarboroui;h. Aumist 10. 1S711. Rev. 1. Rice Taylor.
the first rector, began regular services in June. iXSo. whieli have been maintained
without intermission ever since. L'ncler liis direction, the parish was diil\ incor-
porated January 3. 1881, entering- legally and canoiiicall\- into poss^■ssion of the
church property.

Rev. Wm. H. .\very succeeded to the Rectorship in I'chrnary. iSSj. and
continued in charge for some years.

In 1886, the vestry, seeking a more central and convenient location, bought
ground at Pacific and Kentucky avenues, and with the advice and consent of the
canonical authorities removed the frame chapel thither, adding an annex for
Sunday-school purposes.

Rev. J. H. Townsend became rector Decendx-r i, i8i)i, and laid the corner
stone of the present edifice April zj, 1893, which was completed by the liluT.d
offerings of resident and transient worshippers and opened for use May 13, i8<)4.

This structure was designed by Mr. Lindley Johnson, is in the Spanish
Renaissance style, and is a good example of a commodious, yet inexpensive
hard material building, well adapted to the varying needs of this population and
climate.

St. ipanl's flD. E. (Xburcb.

The St. Paul M. E. Church was organized from the small lieginning known
as the Union Sunday School, in ( )ctober, 1879, by Rev. E. C. Mill, jjresiding elder
of the Bridgeton district, who appointed John M. Hartley as pastor.

The following were members of the (|uarterly conference: I. 11. Hartley,
pastor; Thomas Sovereign, superintendent; I-'lwood M. Hadley. local pre.iclier;
Solomon Mason, exhorter; Obadiah Reed. James Ireland. John I'.r. 'wn. William
Eldredge and John A. Jeffries.

The services were held in Union Chapel, corner of Baltic and .Micliigan
avenues. Mr. Hartley served as pastor until March. 1881, when Rev. Z. T. I )ngan
was appointed by the Bishop presiding over the Xew Jersey Conference of that
year. The L'nion Chapel soon becan-.e too small for the growing congregation
under Mr. Dugan's pastorate, and it was decided to build a new church. .Accord-
ingly, a lot was purchased at CM-.io and .Arctic a\ennes. and the church erected.
The basement story only was completed under the jiastorate of Mr. Dugan. who
served the church faithfully for three years.

In the spring of 1884. Rev. C.eorge S. Meseroll was ai)i)ointeil pastor. I )nring

ROBERT E. STEPHANY, ESQ.

ST. I'AL'l.S M, l'„ ClirKiU, 2S3

the three years of Mr. MeserollV past. Male llie au.lienee n.,„n was eomplete.l and
the iiienihership increased lars;ely.

In the spring of 1887 C K. l-"leniint; was ajipninleil as pa>lnr. 1 ie >erved the
church faithfully ami with s;reat success for tiu'ee years, when Kev. S. S. Weath-

the old church was built. To .Mr. Weatherhy is due the credit ..f sui^-otins.; and
frequently urging' a new cluu'ch on I'acitic avenue.

Rev.' J. Ward Gamble followed Mr. Weatherhv and reuKiined two years in
the pastorate. He did much to create a sentiment ami zeal in favor of a new
church. At the close of his second year the t.'uural (■Jnu-cli nf this eity was
organizeil. when aliont twenty of the .'■^l. Taul nieniher- left and joined that.

In the spring of 1895 i'^*^^'- George L. l)t)l)bins was api)ointed. .\fter nearly
four years of united and hard toil of pastor and congregation they were able to
occupy their new stone edifice, which represents an investment of $45,ix)o.

It is Gothic architecture. The frontage on Pacific avenue is sixty-tive feet
and the ( )hio avenue portion one hundred and twenty feet. 'The building is of
Holmesburg granite with trimmings of Indiana stone. The main entrances are
on Pacific avenue, two in number, and both are reached by a high flight of stone
steps, over which a hood is placed, which adds to the appearance of the structure.
It was designed In- Architect J. Gather Xewsome. and was dedicated Simday,
November 20. 1898.

The Xew Tersev Gonference held its annual session in thi> handsome edifice
in March, 1899. Rev. J. Morgan Reed succeede.l .Mr. l),.bl,ins as pastor at this
conference.

6ennan PresbvUerian CburcD.

The German Presbyterian Ghurch, at Pacific and Ocean avenues, was built
in 1884. The congregation then numbering forty or fifty, had been organized
two years before. Rev. Arnold W. l-"ismer, now pastor of the lloi)kius .Street
Church, in Brooklyn, X. Y., was the first pastor. The lot. 9o by ijo feet, was
purchased for $4,000 and the church built for $3,000 before he left, in November,
1885. The corner stone was laid February 28, 1884. After him came Rev. P. H.
Schnatz, who labored acceptably four years, till i8<iO. the menibersliip steadily
increasing. Rev. H. Hortsch was jjastor for a short time after Mr. .^chnatz was
called to the Martha Memorial Ghurch of Xew ^'ork (.'ity.

On the fourth Sunday of advent, i8<;i. Kev. .\. K. Staiger came to be in
charge of the little church, where he was installed as pastor June, 1892. and has
served faithfully up to the present writing. During the pastorate of Mr. Schnatz,
a portion of the lot was sold for $500 and the mortgage reduced to $1,500. 1 his
has been paid ofif since Mr. Staiger came, the church enlarged, a i)arsonage added
at a cost for all of $6,000. There is at present a debt of $3,500 against the proi)erty
which is worth $15,000. The membership of the church has grown to 100 and
the Sunday School to no pupils and 12 teachers. There is a very active Ladies'

JOHN W. WESTCOTT.

OLl\ET PRI-:SBVTi:kl.\.\ CIIL'KCII 285

Aid Society, uiulcr the leadership of Mrs. Matihla Stadler, and an excellent clmir
•of voung voices, under the direction of Robert Kirscht.

The present officers are: President of the lioard of l-^lders, l-'erd StadUr;
Secretary, Emil Werner: August Steuber, Jacob Soberer, Charles Speidel an(J
Henrv Obergfell.

Olivet Prcsb\>tci*ian Cbuvcb.

On April 27, 1896, seventy-four members of the First Presbyterian Church
-of Atlantic City withdrew from that church, and at their request the Presbytery
of West Jersey organized the Olivet Presb\terian Church, of Atlantic City, and
installed Rev. F. J. Alundy, D.D., pastor. At the same time three persons united
with the church by letter from other churches. .\t that time they had neither a
Bible or a Hymn-book, nor an abiding place. Soon thereafter Odd Fellows' Hall
was engaged in which to hold services, and the lecture room of the German Pres-
byterian Church, in which to hold prayer meetings. In the summer of 1897
services were held in the Academy of Music on the Boardwalk.

On November 6, 1896, the lot at the southeast corner of Pacific and Tennessee
avenues was purchased and the following September members and friends assem-
bled and broke ground for the foundation of a new church home. Contributions
and assistance were liberally made for the handsome stone structure which, on
Sunday ]\Iarch 27, and April 3, 1898, was duly dedicated.

Following are the names of the charter members of Olivet Presbyterian
Church:

MARY H. PORTKR.
IIAXX.VH C. PORTER,
ELIZABETH H. PORTER.
SALLIE D. EARTHING.
LIZZIE BOSTLE.
S. MARIE JOHXSOX.
SARAH A. JOHXSOX.
LILA R. WOODRUFF.
JESSIE MAUDE BEXDER.
MALVINA TOWXSEND.
JESSE L. TOWXSEXD,
EVA V. ARMSTRONG,
HATTIE H. ARMSTRONG.
GEORGE P. EIXWECHTER.
MRS. GEO. P. EIXWECHTER,
GEO. EIXWECHTER. Jr..
ARTHUR KXAUER,
JOS. L. SHAXEk.

helen c. fairbairx.
joseph r. woodruff,
julia c. keffer.
:mrs. c. b. whitxev,

C. B. whitxev.
MARTHA B. FAIRBAIRX,
JAMES C. FAIRBAIRX,
HEXRV L. FAIRBAIRX.
NELLIE M. LIPPINCOTT,
C. K. LIPPINCOTT,
MARTHA LIPPIXCOTT,
HELEN H. LOXG,
MARY LOGAX REILEY,

PHILIP G. SMALLWOOD.
LULU S. SMALLWOOD.
LILLIAX R. MILLER.
HARRIET A. DOXXELLV.
ELIZA A. MESSICK,
IDA E. KXAUER,
lEXXIE S. MALONEY,
XIXA E. SHAXER,
SALLIE J. FREEMAN,
JEMIMA M.TXTYRE,
JAMES MrlXTVRE.
SARAH X. WEIDEMER,
HEXRIETTA FILER,
BEXJIE E. BOWMAX,
\'ALERIA ^L\RSH,
C. R. RAITH. D. D. S..
CORA S. RAITH,
LOTTIE C. WOODRUFF.
MRS. F. J. MUNDY.
JOSEPH S. STINSON.
WILLIAM N. MILLER.
EMMA E. BOWMAX.
MARTHA M. >L\RSII.
ESTELLE M. LIPPIXCOTT,
SALLIE J. RAITH.
E. A. REILEY. M. D .
MIRTIE R. XORRIS.
MARIAX MUXDV.
MRS. MARY A. WILLITS.
HOWARD A. STOUT

GEN. ELIAS WRIGHT.

early Cburcb Ristory.

In 1676 Will, rcnn and lii> a->Mciau- I lun.ls l.r..u-lil 411(1 faniilirs tn >rtt1o
in West Jersey. Some uf tlie.se l.icaied .m lan,l> n,i\v incliule.l in .\tlantic County.
As early as 1728 there were three seleeted places for hol.lin- I'riemls' nieelinL;'>;
at Leed's Point, at Abseeon and at Soniers' Point.

The old Richard Somers" mansion at the latter place is still stan.liii-
where Friends' meetings were held. Persons still livini^- can rememher the old
Friends' Meeting House at llakersville, opposite Central .M. I"., church. The
house recently occupied by Absalom Higbee at Leeds' Point, since the services
were discontinued in 1843, was the second and better Friends' Meeting House
that succeeded the first crude, small building which stood for many years adjacent
to the present Smithville M. E. church.

For one hundred years or more the Quakers predominated in this sparsely
settled region. Rev. Allen H. Prowii. who for more than forty years has been a
missionary of Presbyterianism in ."^outh Jersey and Atlantic county in particular,
has collected much data on the early church history. Tn the Woodbury Constitu-
tion of September 3, 1850, he publisheil seveial columns of earl\ church history
which gives an excellent idea of the civil and religious life in this section just
previous to the Revolution. The following are some of the extracts given from the
journal of Mr. Philip \'. I^'ithian, who was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of
Philadelphia, Xovember 6, 1774, and who visited "Egg Harbour" (Atlantic
county) in 1775.

"Friday, February 3, 1775. — luirly in the morning, in company with 1 )r.
Elmer I left Cohansie for Egg Harbour. We arrived at Mr. Thomas Stites' at
Great Egg Harbour, about 4 P. M. Sermon was appointed for Siniday at .Mr.
Champion's (near Tuckahoe), a half brother in the cause. — Sunday 5. Many
straggling, impertinent, vociferous swamp men accompanied me this morning:
they however, used me with great civility. At 12 began service. There were
present between forty and fifty persons, who were attentive without any impro-
priety of behaviour and seemed to have some solemnity. I spoke with great free-
dom of spirit, yet I hope with a real reverence of the universal presence and awful
majesty of the great God.

Monday 6. I rode to the I'orks at Little Egg Harbor (Pleasant Mills) and
put up according to direction at Elijah Clark's, Esq. ^Ir. Clark is a man of fortune
and taste. He appears also to be a man of integrity and piety, an Israelite indeeil.
And O Religion, thou hast one warm and unfeigned advocate in good and useful
Mrs. Clark. I had rather have her spirit with the condition of a starving beggar,
than destitute of it to have the wealth of worlds. She has more than the form, — she
has the spirit of religion. This peaceful, friendly, heavenlike spirit is breathing
from her in every sentence. — Wednesda}-, I'ebrnary 8. According to appoiniineni
f2.s7)

JAMES RYON.

RARLV CHL'KCII HISTORY. '.'8!)

I preached in Mr. Clark's little Ihl;- nieetiii!^ house. I'resent alxmt fnrt\. 1 imder-
stand the people in this wild and thinly settled eonntry, are e.\treinel\- niee and
difficult to be suited in preaching. ( )ne would think that scareelv anv hnt a
clamorous person who has assurance enough to make a runii)us and bluster in the
pulpit would have admirers here. It is however, otherwise. They must have be-
fore they can be entertained g'ooil speaking, good sense, sound divinity and neat-
ness and cleanliness in the person and dress of the preacher. This I found from
the remarks which several of them freely made upon gentlemen who had fornierlv
preached here. — Sunday, u. \\e had at the small log house a large assembly.
The day snow y. 1 ])reached but once. — ^^londay, 13. I rode by appointment up to
Brotherton (near .\tsion) and preached to Mr. P>rainard's Indians. Present about
thirty and as many white people." .Mr. JMtliian then i)roceeded to Greenwich and
returning on the 21st to Egg Harbour writes thus:

"Saturday, 25th. I-"rom the Forks of Little Egg Harbour 1 rode to the sea
shore to 'Sir. Price's (later the estate of Gen. Enoch Doughty), an English young
gentleman of fortune and breeding, with a design to preach still lower down. —
Sunday, 26. I preached to a thin asscnd)ly at Cedar Bridge meeting house ( Pdack-
man's meeting house, now Zion M. V.. church, near liargaintown ). At 2 P. M.
I preached at Abseeon, at one Mr. Steelman's; a full house. — Monday, 2~. At

ZION CHURCH

II I preached at Clark's Mill meeting house (near Port Republic). The assemblv
very attentive. Here they gave me a dollar. Afternoon: 1 returned to the Eorks.
found Mr. and Mrs. Prainard there. — Sunday, March 12. Our little meeting
house almost filled, ^bjst of the people from the furnace, almost every one from
Mr. Clark's little settlement and Mr. Wescott's, and, blessed be God all seemed
attentive. 1 preached twice. — Alonday, 13. .\fter dinner I rode over to the
furnace" at Batsto, "and visited friendly and agreeable Mrs. Richards. Toward

evening with Mr. and Mrs. R and Mrs. B called to see Mrs. P wdiere

we had some useful conversation. In the evening rode from the furnace to the
singing school. We had not however the greatest harmon\-. ( )n our return, at

W. A. CORSON M.D.

291

agings
-niorro\

him

1 listci
1 1h-,1.-
r. At

eleven, wlun I went reluctantly m i>eci. — uiesiiay, 14
rainy. We have \ et a gt)od 1
Irtini LainentatiDiis iii. 40, cinnpdsi'd lUr the (lecasimi. .\lr. I
an excellent discourse on the haiii>ine>s i.f a sliinii.; ,ind >iii
merits of the Redeemer.

I have said that the people here are nice in their taste i
It is not without reason. They ha\-e had sulijects fur coiii]),
and Mr. Clark enumerated the following geiilleineii wlm li
some of them \-ery uften. preacheil here as sn|
Smith, Benj. Chestnut, Hunter, Spencer, Dr. J
Ramsey, Xeheniiah Grecnman. Green, J. Clark, S. Clark
:\litchell, Watt, i'.oyd, eiravis, L'.rockway,, \'an Artsdalei
Frisbv. Keith, and .\ndrew Mnnter. Ir."'

rcises appninted
lul iliscourse till
1111 fast, the day
I preached first
rwards preached
reliance mu the

lines Spruat. L'harles lieatty, Wm.
.\ I c Knight, .McCracken,
Hollinshead, .McClure.

SALEM CHURCH. SMITH'S LANDING.

Here are the names of twenty-six Presbyterian ministers, besides .Mr. Fithian.
who left their flocks in Cape May, Philadelphia and other places, and travelled long
distances on horseback that they might seek and feed the few scattered sheep in
the wilderness. Mr. Greenman at one time left his congregation at Pilesgrove,
now Pittsgrove, ami spent six months on the shore and almost made an engage-
ment to settle there.

What conclusion shall we draw? Did tlmse servants of (iod. esteem this
re.i;ion more important, or had they any more of the spirit of self-sacrifice than
their successors, that until recently and with a vastly increased population, the
existence and situation of these churches were actually unkntnvn to the two
Presbyteries, within, or rather between whose Ixninds tlii< F.gg Harbcmr cciuntry
is situated. ^lay a double portion of their spirit fall upon 11-. and max their God
raise up and qualify many to walk in their footsteps.

KARI.V niL'KCIF ITISTORV

lUacknian's Mcctiiiy; lldusv was near the villa.^c uf r.art;aiiu.)\vn and ;
ten miles southeast of May's Landing. It was Imilt of uprij^ht planks.

The following- extracts from a deed ncnrdtd in Trenton, Liber X, fdic
408, a copy being certified by James I). \\ estcutt, .Secretary of State, will ]
the existence of a Presbyterian church and id w lumi the property of right beli

"This Indenture, made the nineteenth day of .March in the vear of our
one thousand seven hundred and sixty-four, between .\ndre\v P)lackiiian. (
wainer of Egg Harbor, in the county of Gloucester and Province of Xew |^
of the one party, and Joseph Ingersoll. John Scull. Joseph Scull and Reiuni
cock, of the aforesaid township, C(iuni\- and ])ni\ince. i>f the Mtjur iiait\. W
seth that the said Andrew Blackmail for and in consideration of the sum o
])ounds proclamation luoiiey, to him in hand paid before the ensealing herei
Joseph Ingersoll, &c. - * hath granted, sold, &c. * * and confinued
Joseph Ingersoll. John Scull. Joseph Scull and Return P.abcock and their su
sors, a certain ])iece of land situate, l\ing and beini; in the townshi]) of I'.gg

ibout
407,

)ngs:
Lord

)f. by
imto

lar-

CENTRAL CHURCH AT BAKERSVILLE.

bor. in the county and province aforesaid, near the head of Dole's Uranch, Begin-
ning at a stake standing in the line of Joseph Dole's and Atwood's. near the
Branch, thence south twenty-one degrees east tifteen perches to a stake; thence
south sixty-nine degrees west thirteen perches: thence north twenty-one degrees
west to Atwood's line, Bounded by Atwood's line north eighty degrees east to the
place of beginning at Dole's line; containing one acre more or less, together with
the mines, &c. * * for the erecting, building and standing of a Presbyterian
Meeting House, for the carrying on of Publick Religious worship for all that shall
incline to meet and assemble in it; together with a publick Burying yard for the
interment of the deceased of all denominations, to have and to hold * * unto
the said * * and to their successors for ever, that shall be chosen and ap-
pointed by the proprietors of the aforesaid meeting house or their heirs, to the sole
and only proper use and benefit of maintaining a meeting house and burying yard
as above mentioned." Andrew Blackman then on behalf (jf himself and heirs,

294 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

warrants and guarantees to the above mentioned persons and their successors, to
defend them and their successors in the "lawful, quiet and jjeaceable possession of
the said premises, for the use before mentioned of maintaining a meeting house
and ])iu-\ing yard as of fee without any let. suit, troulile or molestation whatso-
e\er." lie then signs his name and the receipt for the sum of two pounds pro-
clamation money.

Charles Jeffrey Smith. Andrew lilackman, Jr.. an,l Jesse Lewis subscribed
their names as witnesses, and the affidaxit of one of them was taken before John
Ladd, Esqr., one of his ^Majesty's Counsel for the rr<ivince of New Jersey.

Three x'ears afterward, June 2, 1767, a memorandum was written on the back
of the deed, explaining the views of the persons named and proving that the house
had then been erected. — It reads thus:

We, the within Grantee, '•' * having been chosen Trustees to carry on and
manage the building of a Presbyterian meeting house upon the lands within
granted and sold for that purpose, do hereby acknowledge that the said land and
meeting house is not our own personal property, but is bought and built by a
subscription of many persons ; neither do we claim any other interest in it but what
we have in common with all who have subscribed hereto and though the legal title
is vested in us, yet we hold it only in behalf of our constituents and do promise
that it shall be kept as a house of publick worship and the land for a free Burying
yard in which all may have equal privileges with ourselves, without monopolizing
it or engrossing and applying it to any private use of our own. A memorandum
whereof we leave on the back of this instrument, that posterity may not be de-
frauded of their right or mistaken about the intent hereof which is to secure a
House of Public Worship, as before mentioned. In testimony whereof we have
hereunto subscribed our names, hands and seals.

loseph Ingersoll, John Scull, Joseph Scull, Return X Babcock, John Inger-
soll, Ebenezer Ingersoll; and Ebenezer Ingersoll as a witness gives his affirmation
before John Ladd. Esqr.. one of his Majesty's Counsel for the Province of New
Jersey.

ZION CHUR

>1.AS' k. C, CIIL'KCH.

$t. nicbolae' Cburcb.

)nlci- 111 St. Auou^tiiu'. 'I'i
islaiul. In lad. ycui iiiii^lu
summer season to wash and l)e cler
rapid growth, since then, or those
eked out a miserable existence h)
aright, or they WDuld to-ilay l)c n
poor and honest, than ricli w ithout

,.f ih

wii

. Athuitic City did not tlien show sij,Mis of its

■ho l)uilt wooden ^hantio i in sand dunes and

sunning- and tishing (Hil not read the signs

\ l)e nuilti-niilhonairo. Ilnwever. it is better to be

The Augustinian Fatliers came to look after lost or strayed sheep, and found
a few such scattered among tlie sand hills of which there were plenty in those days.
The eloquent Dr. Moriarty. O. S. A., was the first of the Augustinian fathers to
preach the gospel of good tidings to those children of the church. It is said that
many, not of his flock, were drawn by his matchless eloquence, to listen attentively
to the saving truths he propounded in the name of the Master. Even on the barren
sands, the seed thus sown, soon produced fruit, and the little flock began to speak
of a regular service, a church and a pastor. The Lawlors. the Ouiglevs, the Dalvs,
the Doxies, and the Ale Adams, with cithers came together in the name of the Lord,

ST NICHOLAS' CHURCh

and pledged their all for a suital)le ]il
Rev. Michael (iallagher heard their
their service, and thus the little gut!

Ill

■ed

him.-ell at t

dure I
leir he

St.

XiclK.ilas o

Tole

ntme was

REV. J. J. FEDIGAN O.S.A.

ST. XICHOLAS' K. C. CIIL-RCH. 297

begun and hni'^IuHl in the year 1856. It was nnniest. but pretty, and dedieated tu
God as the ottering of his poor people. It weathered the storms of twenty-tivc
vears and told of many who sought and found consolation there under the direc-
tion of dear old Father (iallagher, the true friend, the l'"ather of the i)oor, and the
Priest of God. Rest to his soul! He was worthy of heaven, and on earth lie is not
vet forgotten by the few older people who still remain to Ijless his memory.

With the growth of the city, new demands were made, and more room re-
quired by the Catholics of Atlantic City. They asked for a resident i)astor. stating
that they could support one all the year around. The Rev. John Josejjh l-'edigan.
O. S. A., then President of N'illanova College. Penna.. being out of health was
sent them to buikl himself up in health, and to build them u]5 also. Poth were
happily accomplished, and that. too. in short order, and without the slightest
difficulty, or difference of opinion among his little congregation. True, there was
a great veneration for the old chapel and its founder, but it was too small, and
ground could not be purchased on either side to enlarge it. So I'ather I'edigan.
vielding to the wishes of the people bought a new site on Pacific avenue, moved
the chapel there and then enlarged it to its present seating capacity of (jver one
thousand people. Later on as the summer season poured its hundreds and thou-
sands of strangers into our city by the sea, it became necessary to fit u]) the base-
ment so that another thousand are accommodated there in July and .Vuuust. and
it is a reminder to those who think the faith is dying out to stand on the corner of
Tennessee and Pacific avenues and watch the crowds leaving St. .\icholas L'hurch
at the nine o'clock mass in the summer season.

The fine residence adjoining the church is also the work of l'"ather b'ecligan.
and this together with the church represents an outlay of about fifty thousand
dollars, and paid without anybody feeling that it cost them even an effort, for this
was one of the many happy faculties Father Fedigan possessed, that in dealing
with his people in money matters, he never forced, nor even demanded their
money, but made his appeal to them so convincing that they really felt it was
"better to give than to receive." He received material assistance from his Pro-
testant friends, also, and it seemed as if these vied with their Catholic fellow-
citizens in doing honor to the pastor of St. Nicholas' Church. We but give ex-
[iression to the pulilic sentiment, when we state that no man in public or private
walks of life won the heart of all classes as did the Rev. Father l-"edigan during
the eighteen years spent in Atlantic City. The thousands of summer visitors have
the same story to tell at the mention of his name.

.\s the city extended southward, the only way it could extend, his watchful eye
soon saw the necessity of sutnmer accommodation in that section and hence he
purchased a large lot on the corner of California and Atlantic avenues, and erected
thereon the beautiful and spacious church of St. Monica in 1887. For this work
the Right Rev. Bishop 0'F""arrell. of Trenton. X. J., gave his consent publicly, and
privately expressed, and the work went on to a finish so marvelous that when the
church was dedicated many were surprised to see such a fine church among the
sand hills, and asked the I'ather how he could have put so fine a building there.

, G. GARDINER,

OUR LADV. STAR OF THE SEA. 2&9

-The hills will sonn oivc way u> Imuscs," lir said, •'and Si. Mmiica will l,lr>s thnsr
who dwell therein." What was a theciry tlim is a fact to-daw

For more than seven years this (.-lunch was attended from .Si. .Xidiolas. afur
much e.xpense and many sacrifices made on the part of the .Vus^ustinian hathers;
until in 1893 the Bishop saw fit to take the church and lot adjoining and send a
priest of the diocese to be pastor of St. .Monica's Church. This did not please
I'"atlier I'edigan. who on account of this Icndcrcd his resij^nalion and asked for a
new field of future labors. It is still rcnicmbercd li.)\\ I'roiestauts and (,'alholics
alike, upon that occasion, gathered around him. and begged that he would not
leave the city, the scene of his many labors. In just three years from that time the
Church of St. Monica was burned to the ground, and two firemen lost their lives
in the devouring flames. Such is the brief history of St. Monica's Cluiri'h.

There are a few other facts worthy <if note in regard to Si. .Vicholas' C'lmrch.
namely, that the iron colunms supporting the floor of that church were silent wit-
nesses of the riots of '44, in Philadelphia, where they were used in the Second
Street Market House. All, or nearly all of the prelates of this country have at
one time or another said mass and preached in .St. Xiclmlas Church, ,ind con-
sequently have been the guests of the Augustine bathers. ( )nc of these, ihc late
Archbishop of Kingston. Canada, preached a tine discourse on the words of St.
Paul — "To live soberly, piously and justly." but sat down to it for just two hours,
when Father Fedigan. who was in the vestry thought it well to call the attention
of the eloquent prelate to the length of time already s]ient in developing his triple
subject, and for this purpose jnished the sliding door of the vestry just enough to
catch the eye of the Archbishop who quickly said: "Will you be kind enough to
close that door, I perceive a draft." The door was closed, and the sermon went
on. Mr. M. T., a merchant who gave six days iii the week to business, and only
an hour on Sundays to the Lord, thought this was too much of a good ihing. and
meeting Father Fedigan during the following week, asked him if that man was
going to preach again next Sunday, for if he is I want to go to an earl_\- mass.

Many other humorous and interesting stories I have heard from I'ather
Fedigan regarding the church in Atlantic City, but it takes Father Fedigan to tell
them. For about fifty years the Augustinian Fathers have been attending to the
Catholics of Atlantic City and to their efforts, zeal, and labors must be attributed
the high standing that church has attained in our midst. Father Fedigan was the
first resident pastor, coming here in August of 1880 and remaining till July, 1898,
when he was elected by his brethren to preside over the province of St. Thomas, of
\'illanova, with residence at llryn Alawr. Penna.

®ur Xat)v>, Star of tbe Sea.

In 1885 Rev. Father Fedigan purchased the lot at California anil .Vtlantic
avenues for St. Monica's Roman Catholic Church which was erected ilie following
year and dedicated by Rt. Rev. Bishop O'Farrell of Trenton. It was in charge of the
.\ue:ustinian I-athers of St. .Xicholas' Church till i8(M. and was open for service

WESTNEY, M.D.

CHXTKAI

iCW

onl\ (lurin,i: July and Aus^ust. I'.isli(i|i ( )'l'arri'll a])])! linlcil Kiw I', j. rctri as
resident paslLir, who has since l)een in ehaii^e of iliis ehnrcli. In 1S03 tlie new-
Rectory was hnih. Deceniher j. iS. f,, the chnrch edifice was de>tro\cd l.v tire.
On Easter Monday, April ly. ti^yj. llishop .\lcl''anl hiid tlie curntr stone u\ the
present edifice when the name was changed to "Onr Lady, .'^t.ir nf thi' Se.i."' Rev.
Fatlier Lealiy of Swedesboro preached the dedicator)- sermon. ( )n July iS. iSi^j.
the new chnrch was dedicated by the Bishop, solenm pontifical nia>s lieint; cele-
brated by r.ishop Prenderg-ast of Philadelphia, and the sermon preached by r.isiio])
Haid of North Carolina. The new- chnrch, furnished, cost .'^j.S.ooo. The cost of
the rectory was 87,51:0. The lot 175x300 feet is valued at $25,000.

FRIENDS' MELTING HOUSE.

Central m. 6. Cburcb.

Central M. K. Church of this cit\ was the cuturowt
of a Methodist house of worship in the central ])art of t
hotels and the sea.

The nucleus of the church was forme(l ])rinci])allv b
of earnest people who came from the I-'irst M. \\. Churcl
formed by a few nien who met first at the residence o
afterward organized in Pennsylvania avenue school hi
July, 1894. The original members of the ofScial boarc
Down, L. C. Albertson, C. P.. Young, C. F. W'ahl, Hen
R. H, Ingersoll, Irving Lee, Smith Cunnver, James 1).
Dr. Munson, Mrs. Thos. Scull.

The old hotel jiroperty known as The (_'ol(innade

urgent nc
nearer thi

great

)\- a considerable number
h. The organization was
.Mr. I-". -V. Souder and
se abnnt the 15th day of
Acre !■'. .\. Souder, L. A.
■ Wouiton, Peter Corson,
vn. lames Cc mover. .Mrs.

1894. and the interior fittc

pel. II

lased in .\ugusl,
he first Sundav-

. CROSBY, M.O.

OLD ClIl'KCIl AT \\I:N MOUTH. :?0S

school service was lu-Ul. Scptcinlirr iS. 1X1)4, and the I'lrst >eniiiin iireaclied liv
Rev. C. K. Fleming-, Xoveniher 24, 1894. l-r. mi that time till liie fullnwinQ- Marcli
the pulpit was supplied by various clergxnun. thi> arran<jenicnt beiu'; kit with
a committee appointed for the purpose, Urn. L. A. Down in charge.

In March, 1895, Rev. \\ 111. M. Wliite was appointed by the Conference as the
first pastor and under Jiis wise administration the society prospered and .<;rew in
every department. The new house of worship, neat, handsome and capacious was
erected on the site of the old hotel and was dedicated by Bishop Foss in June, 1896.

Rev. Wm. M. White died during- the conference session at Camden in April,
1898, and Rev. R. H. Eberhardt, under whose admittistration the church has had
continued prosperity, both tem]ioral and spiritual, succeeded to the pastmate.

The Society originally numbered 67 at the time the first sermon was iireached.
It now numbers over 200 and has 240 on its Sunday-school roll, and li.-i> had a
prosperous history under the superintendencx- of Mr. F. A. Souder.

The church property is valued at $25,000. At the 4th anniversarx . held 1 )e-
cember, 1898, it was shown that the church ha<l raised for all ]>urpii>e- about
$24,000. The Ladies' Aid Societv, a notable and successful ort^anization in the
church, showed at its am-iual meeting in December, i8()S, that in that \ear it liad
raised $1,262.

Old (Zburcb at (Ueymoutb.

In a beautiful oak grove on the high 1)ank of the Great Egg Harbor river
stands the neat little church at Weymouth, l-'or near!}' a century it has served the
purposes for which it was erected and in the adjacent cemetery are the graves of
persons some of thei-n long since widely known for i-nore than ordinary talent and
usefulness. Joseph Ball, the Quaker merchant and relative of Washington, was
one of the owners and founders of Weymouth, when this edifice was erected.
From a recent sketch compiled by Mrs. Charles K. C(jlwell and read at the 91st
anniversar}- the following sketch is taken ;

"The Iniilding of the Weymouth Meeting House was begun in 1807 and corn-
pleted in 1808 at the expense of the Proprietors of Weymouth. The time books
show the carpenter work to have been done by "Eziel Prickett and his son," the
former working- three hundred and si.xty-five days at $1.25 and the sou three hun-
dred and sixty-six days at $[ per day. The plastering and mason work was done
by C. McCormick, the material and work on the building coming to $3,690,00.
The Weymouth Meeting House was intended as a non-Sectarian jilace for
religious meeting rnore especially for the benefit of employees of \\e\iiiouth.
Both tradition and record show that it has been chiefly used l)y Presby-
terians and Methodists, although services have been conducted and ser-
mons preached by Episcopalians, Baptists, Dutch Reformed and in February,
1825, a sermon was preached by "Miss Miller," presumably a Quakeress. Xo
records are accessible of the occupants of the inilpit of We\-ni<iuth Meeting House
from its completion until 181,5. From 1813 to 1S43 the Time Hooks of \\ eyn-iouth
furnish the names of many ])reacliers and dates of service.

DOW BALLIET, M.P.

ST, AXnRKWS CHL'KCH, 305

St. Andrew' $ Church.

St. Andrew's luiglish l-".van,L;rlii."al Lutlui'an C'lmrch had its inception in a
service held in Wolsieft'er's Hall, Jnne 30, 1881). The service was conducted by
the Rev. Win. Ashniead Schaeffer. D. D. Twenty-nine persons were in attendance
and after consultation it was agreed to undertake the estal^lishnient of a con-
gregation.

A room was rented and services l)egun at the corner of Atlantic and Indiana
avenues. In 1S90 Philopatrian Hall on Xew York avenue was purchased, anil the
name changed to St. Andrew's Hall. St. Andrew's Hall was sold in ]8(>2 to joe
Hood Post, and the present location at I''acific and Michigan avenues secured.

The corner stone for the church was laid June 8, 1892. and the edifice was con-
secrated July 2, 1893.

Preaching was regularly maintained l)y Dr. Schaeffer, assisted by pastors in
Philadelphia and students in the theological seminary. In the fall of the same year
a call to the pastorate was extended to Rev. D. L. Passmant, but was declined.

In the spring of 1894 Rev. J. A. Kunkelman. D. D., was elected pastor. He
accepted the call, and entered upon his duties April i, 1894. He was the first
settled pastor, and is still in charge of the congregation. The growth of the con-
gregation has been slow but steady. The Sunday-school is in a flourishing con-
dition, and the St. Andrew's ?kIission League is doing good work. The congrega-
tion has sustained serious losses in the deaths of Mrs. Emily (i. Taylor and Mr.
Henr\' L. Elder, wdio were among its earliest and most lilieral members. It has
also received manv evidences of kindly interest. A beautiful marble baptismal
font, of chaste and exquisite desig-n was presented by ^Irs. Dr. Wm. Ashmead
Schaeffer. Mrs. Lewis Steuber had specially cast and put m the belfry a sweet-
toned AlcShane bell; and Mrs. A. D. Ereas gave an elegant Mellor Pipe Organ,
which sweetly leads and greatly aids in the beautiful service of the Church Book.
An elegant silk robe was presented to the pastor by the Ladies' Guild of St. Mark's
Lutheran Church of Philadelphia, of which he was pastor many years.

The congregation and pastor are in connection with the Ministerium of
Pennsylvania. Conservative in its methods it moves along cjuietly. fultilling an
important mission in this wonderful city by the sea.

Its doors are open, and all residents and visitors are most cordially invited to
attend its services.

friendship m. €. Church.

Friendship M. E. Church, near Landisville, X. J., was built in 1808. The
exact records of its uneventful early history have been scattered and lost. That
was a wild and sparsely settled region at that time before Mneland on the south
or Hammonton on the north were dreamed of and before any railroad had been

O H. CRObbY M D DECEASED.

FRIEXDSHIP CHURCH. 307

built in America. Like the zealous pioneers at Tuckalioe. Weynioutli. JJatsto and
Clark's Landing, the settlers in what was then Hamilton township, constructed
from the primeval forest the very substantial frame edifice, which with the repairs
and improvements made in 1853. is acceptably serving the needs oi the present
generation.

A beautiful oak grove whose welcome shade has refreshed the several genera-
tions of worshipers of old Friendship church, covers the grounds on the westerly
side of the building, while an iron fence incloses the cemetery and three sides of
the building. The history of that neighborhood for a hundred years is suggested
by the names on the tombstones, some of which are the following:

Andrew Pancoast, died March 6, 1855: Rebecca D. I'ancoast, died l"el)ruary
6' 1873; John Pancoast, died February 15, 1854; W'ni. 15. \'ananian. born .\u-
gust9. 1808, died November 10, 1868: Mary .M. Down, died .March u. i87_>; Juhn

FRIENDSHIP CHURCH.

Down, died May 11. 1872, aged /j years; Charles Down, died March 20. 1866,
aged 7/ years: Rev. James Down, died June 27, 1850, aged 53 years; Buelah
Down, died November 29, 1848. aged 44 years; Samuel Down, born May 4, 1769,
died September 1 1, 1826; Jane, wife of John Claypool, born January 12, 1799, died
March 16. 1866; John Claypool, died November 28. 1877; J. Ouincy Adams, died
October 7, 1S63, aged 31 years; Susanna. John \\'.. and Archibald Campbell,
burned to death October 26. 1858.

Friendship church is at present organized as follows: Pastor. Rev. Charles

WALTER C. SOOY, M.D.

OLD CHURCH AT TL-CKAHOE.

H. liarncs; Trustee, Charles Wray: rresideiit, C'. A. Cross; Secretary. A. 1', \'
man; Treasurer, Wni. lluwell; J. Henry Vnuii- Richard C. Cake. Win. 1'.. C..
Stewards, Charles Wray. A. 1'. \ ananian. .Miss Lizzie R. (imss. .*^uperinien
of Snndav-school, A. T. \ ananian. Class Leader. .Mahlon Cross.

first Cburch at may's Dnding.

The present Methodist Church at ^hiy"s Landinj;- was built in if<SS. to re-
place the old-fashioned edifice destroyed by fire which was erected in 1S4S.
Nearly forty years previous to that a church was Ijuilt on or near the same site
and served the early inhabitants of a wild and rugged coimtry.

The original deed is still in existence and bears date of May 20. 1812. It was
given by "Richard \\'estcott. Sr.. of (ireat Kgg Harbour Townshi])." who had
purchased a tract of one hundred and thirt\-hve acres of the West Jerse\ pro-
prietors, where the village of May's Landing now is. He gave a lot deseribe(l as
consisting of 2 roods and 17 perches, including the church building ujion it. to
seven trustees, part of theni Baptists and the rest Methodists, who. with their
successors and assigns, sliould forever allow the church to be used free by Metho-
dists, Baptists, Presbyterians and Quakers. The first trustees were I-'lias ."-iniith,
John \\'icks, John Wheaton. .Abner ( laskill. Thomas Doughty and John Steelinan.
described as "citizens of Wevniouth townshiii."

Old Cburcb at CucKaboe.

So far as known, the oldest church in Atlantic County is the old .M. K.
Church at the "Head of the River." in \\'eynioinli Township, about four miles
westerly from the village of Tuckahoe. It was Imilt about 1770, by the people
who formed a considerable population in a section now but sparsely settled.

Old Aetna Furnace near it was a village of some forty families at a time when
the mining and smelting of bog iron ore was a profitable industry.

Old Ingersoll, about three miles distant, near what is now Risk\. was
another settlement which contributed to the support of this pioneer elun-ch.

Rev. Benjamin Abbott, a preacher of considerable note in his day. dedicated
this church, so rudely and sul)stantially built of the best timber which then
abounded in South Jersey.

The oldest living inhabitants still remember when pine slab seats served wor-
shipers, who assetnbled about the high pulpit, now modernized, which then as now
commanded a full view of the spacious galleries around three sirles of this old-
fashioned temple of ^lethodism.

Services are still held every other Sunday at the Head of the River, by the
pastor at Tuckahoe. with a prosperous school every Sunday. The membership

310 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

includes some twenty-five families. The building has recently been painted and
renovated by friends and descendants of the "rude forefathers" of these hamlets
who have been laid to rest in the adjacent cemetery during the past century.

Peo])le from far and near still bury their dead in the adjoining cemetery and
every fall hold anniversary services there, decorate the graves, recall the sacred
past and help perpetuate and keep in repair this old church property.

Directly across the road is the site of one of the first Baptist churches in
South Jersey, long since gone to decay. From the headstones in the adjacent
cemetery the following inscriptions are taken :

Jacob Godfrey, died 1864, aged 73 years; h'nnnelinc Godfrey, died March,
1889, aged 78 years; Solomon Warner, Died 1866, aged 82 years; Mahala Warner,
died 1876, aged 86; Ebenezer Seeley, died 1848, aged 50 years; Mary Seeley, died
1876, aged 71 years; John C. Estell, died 1793. aged 46; Peter Corson, died 1793,
aged 23 years. He preached the gospel of the Lord, and is gone to his reward.
John Hogan, died June 4, 1868, aged Tj; Catharine Hogan, died August 19, 1879,
aged 86 years; John Burley, died December, 1875, aged ^2 years; Roxanna Hurley,
died 1879, aged 69 years; George Champion, died August, 1894, aged 88 years;
Abigal Champion, 72 years, died 1888; Nathaniel Steelman, died 1864, aged 64;
Elizabeth Steelman, born 1808, died 1897; Theophilus W. Weeks, born 1817, died
1895; Hannah Weeks, born 1819, died 1882.

OLD CHURCH AT lUCKAHOE.

fm BanKltid Tn$titution$.

HIS city is well provided with tinancial institutions. It lias three Xational
banks, two safe deposit and trust ccmipanies and half a dozen huildint; and
loan associations.

The P"irst Xational Bank was organized March 18, 188 1, after several
months of persistent canvassin.u' on the part of l\(jl)ert 1). Kent, who became the
first cashier.

The first Hoard of Directors were: Joseph A. I'.arstow, John 1'.. Chani])ion,
George F. Currie, Charles Evans, Richard H. Turner and I^lisha Roberts. The
officers were: Charles Evans, President, and Robert 1). Kent, Cashier. The Ijank
was first opened for business on Alay 23, 1881, occupying temporarily a room in
the Currie Building, near the corner of South Carolina avenue.

Later the bank moved into the Bartlett Bank Building, which was erected
especially for the purpose.

No dividends were declared the first year but semi-annual three per cent,
dividends were paid thereafter, till now the surplus is three times the invested
capital of $50,000, and semi-annual dividends of nine per cent, are paid.

The following are the present officers and directors: Charles Evans, Presi-
dent; Joseph H. Borton. A'ice-President; George Allen, George W. Crosby. Dr.
T. K. Reed, J. Haines Lippincott, John B. Champion, Elisha Roberts, Fred
Hemsley, Francis P. Ouigley, Cashier. It will soon occui)y its own handsome
building on the site of the old Mansion House.

The Second Xational Bank was organized December 18, 1886, with a capital
of $100,000, and began business January 24, 1887. in its own brick and stone
building at the corner of X'ew York avenue. It has steadily prospered and has
paid dividends regularly since the second year amounting to $66,000, and accu-
mulated a surplus of $50,000. The officers and directors are: Geo. F. Currie,
President; Levi C. Albertson, A'ice-President; Robt. B. AlacAIuUin, Cashier; Jos.
Thompson, Louis Kuehnle, Enoch B. Scull, Israel G. .Adams, Jas. H, Mason,
Samuel K. Marshall, Jos. Scull, Absalom Cordery, E. A'. Corson, Lewis Evans,
Warren Somers.

The Atlantic -Safe Deposit and Trust Company is located in the same build-
ing, with a capital of $100,000. It pays interest on deposits, rents boxes in its
burglar and fire-proof vaults and exercises all the powers and privileges of such
institutions. The officers and directors are: Geo. F. Currie, President; Jos.

FIVE BAXKIXG IXSTITL-T

Thonipsiin, X'ice-Presitk'iit : Knbert 1'.. MacMiillin. Secretary and 1 rca>uri'
Thompson & Cole, Solicitors. Levi L'. Alliertsoii. Israel C. Adaius, I'.m
Scull, Jas. H. Mason, Samue! K. .Marshall. Jnhn C. iMtieKl. .\l. I). NCun
C. L. Cole, Warren Somers and Alfred C. .\lcClellan.

The Union Xatimial I'.ank was (irt;anize(l in .\ni;ust, iSijo. and upened fur
business October iith of the same year with a capital stock nf .Sion.oni). It alsu
occupies its own handsome brick buildini; at the corner of Kentuck) a\enue.

The Union Bank has proi^ressed steatlily. having ac(|uircd a surplus of
$50,000.

The officers and directors are: Mnn. .Allen 1'.. Knilicutt. I'resident: Smith
Conover, Vice-President: C. J. Adams, James I). Southwick, Alfred W. Bails-,
James Flaherty, Thomas J. Dickerson, Lewis P. Scott, Lucien C). Corson. George
W. Jackson, Thompson Irvin, G. Jason Waters and James J\L Aikman, Cashier.

The Real Estate and Investment Company of Atlaiitic City i- an nrganiza-
tion formed by representative business and professional men and pruininent real
estate holders in Atlantic City, in November, 1897, under a liberal charter for
the purpose of making a profit from the judicious purchase and sale <>{ lands.
Individual effort along this line even with limited capital has brought fortune to
many of the citizens of Atlantic City. This company was formed by a number
of the most successful of these gentlemen, who feel certain that by using the com-
bined brain and capital at the service .)f the company large returns must be
realized. The company was not formed to develop any particular tract or to
confine its work to any particular section of the city, but to avail itself nf every
desirable opportunity.

Its capital is $200,000, in shares of $100 each. -\t the close of its first fiscal
year a dividend of twenty per cent, was declared and paid in cash.

The officers of the company are: Carlton Godfrey, President: William .\.
Faunce, Treasurer, and Rodman Corson, Secretary. The Directorate is com-
posed almost entirely of practical and successful business men who have been
residents of Atlantic City for years, and who are thoroughly conversant with and
alive to its needs, and familiar with the opportunities which arise out of its rapid
and substantial development. The entire Directorate, which was unanimously re-
elected at the annual meeting, is as follows:

Clement J. Adams. William .\. Bell, George W. Crosby. R.ulman Corson.
Thomas J. Dickerson, George P. Eldredge, William A. Faunce, John J. Gardner.
Carlton Godfrey, Samuel D. Hoffman, Xelson Ingram, Louis Kuehnle. .\rvine H.
Phillips, Francis P. Ouigley, J. Byron Rogers. Maurice D. Youngman.

314 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

The Guarantee Trust Company is the youngest banking institution in this
c-ity It was organized November 8. and was incorporated November 14, 1899.
It opened for business January 2, 1900, and at the end of its first month had de-
posits amounting nearly to its capital stock. The following are the incorporators,
directors and officers: Carlton Godfrey. President: Louis Kuehnle, Vice-Presi-
dent; John J. Gardner, A. H. Phillips, Wm. A. Faunce, Clifton C. Shinn, O. J.
Hammell, Hubert Somers. William F. Wahl, James Parker, Dr. Nelson Ingram,
M. S. McCullough, Dr. Wm. M. Pollard. S. R. Morse, George P. Eldredge,
Henry W. Leeds, Walter E. Edge, James li. Rcilley, L. G. Salmon, Heulings
Lippincott.

JOHN W. PARSONS.

Great Munct in Real Estate.

•L HE increase in the values nf real estate in this city lia^ heen niarvel<jus.
\^ Fifty feet lots fronting un Atlantic avenue, which sold thirty years atjo
•^ for $500 each, are now .sold and held for $500, $800 and more ])cr front
foot. This is on land which in the early fifties was purchased by tlie
Camden and Atlantic Land Coni]iany for $17.50 per acre. Land alonj:; the lieach
which was considered almost valueless in 1878 is now valued at .'^i.ooo per fcjot
fronting on the Boardwalk.

When John L. Young, in 1885. purchased the old \'ictoria rink, at the foot of
South Carolina avenue, he paid $6,000 for the rink property; $4,500 for three lots
adjoining, and $10,000 for several lots in front to low water. He sold one fifty-
foot lot on South Carolina avenue for $12,000, which left $8,500 as the net cost
of all the rest. Seven years later this property, containing the rink and merry-
go-round was sold to the Signers Casino Company for $150,000, and in 1898 was
bought back by Air. Young and his associates for $200,000. The lot is 150 feet
front by 400 feet deep.

The old Chester Coimty House property on Xew York avenue was bought
by Mr. Young for $65,000 in i8gi or 1892. He sold off the hotel section to
Westminster avenue for $33,000. and disposed of other lots at $100 per front foot
till he got all his money back, leaving him 90 feet of beach front clear, worth
$1,000 per front foot.

Another lucky purchase was in front of the Hotel Luray at the ocean end of
Kentucky avenue. This lot fronting 150 feet on the lloardwalk and extending
back 200 feet, cost Mr. Young, in 1893. $75,000. John Hagan, three years before,
had ofifered to sell it for $6,000. After hoUling it three years Mr. Young sold it
to Mr. White of the Luray for $115,000, and it is worth $200,000 any day.

Another fortunate speculation was at the foot of Maryland avenue. This
block, 175 feet front by 300 feet deep, was purchased in 1892 l^y Mr. Young for
$25,000. He soon sold a part of it to James Bew for $10,000: another lot was sold
to the Rutter Bros, for $16,000; a third lot to Hotel Islesworth for $12,000, and a
fourth lot for $4,000; total, $42,000, leaving the corner lot, /•, feet front by 300
deep, worth $75,000. which Mr. Young sold to Nicholas Jeffries, in 1898, for
$100,000.

About 1894, Mr. Young, with four others, purchased at public sale a full
square of land near the ocean end of Atlantic avenue for $650. Two years later
the land was sold for $21,000, and in t )ctober, 1898. it was sold again for $63,000,
which is much less than its selling price to-day.

George W. Jackson purchased property fronting on the Boardwalk for
$4,500. He paid John I'. Starr $20,000 for lands in front to the water's edge.
About fifteen years later Mr. Jackson sold the whole to the Steel Pier Company
for $150,000.

(S15j

HARRY BACHARACH.

GREAT ADXAXCI-: l.\ KF.AL ESTATE. .{17

The old ( )pera House lol on Atlanlii.- avenue near lennessee. 50 hv 175 feet
deep, was purchased in 1880 by liarclay Lippincott for $4,000. It was i)urchased
to enlarge the City Hall site adjoininii, in 1897, for §23,000. The Mensinij lot, in
the same square, 40 by 1 10 feet, was suld in 1867 for Si. 100. Tn March, 1874. tlie
Kuehnle Hotel property was purchased nf Wiliiani C'onover, 1 10 feet on .\tlantic
avenue, for $6,200.

The lot on which Hotel Shelhurnc nnw stamis on the wc.-^terly side of .Mich-
igan avenue, 150 feet deep and includin;;" e\-crythint; frmn a point 450 fet't frnni
Pacific avenue to highwater mark, was purchased b\- Elisha Roberts, in 1874.
of the Camden and Atlantic Land Company for $1,500. The hotel has been
moved nearer the ocean and many thousand dollars worth of cottage lots sold
froiu the original tract. The Shelburne property is probably worth $250,000.

The Chalfonte property, which was sold in 1898 for $225,000, was purchased
by George T. DaCosta, in 1868, for $6,500. It then bounded 279;/; feet on
Pacific avenue and extended 310 feet, more or less, to high tide line. It now
begins some 1.500 or 2,000 feet from Pacific avenue, thousands of dollars worth
of cottage lots having been sold off during the past twenty years and the hotel
moved nearly 2,000 feet nearer the ocean. DaCosta paid only $3,000 for this
property in 1856, buying it of the land company. The purchase included the St.
James Church property and the lot where Dr. Pennington's cottage now stands,
all together now worth a million dollars.

A few years ago Air. Joseph H. Borton, of Hotel Dennis, refused $300,000
for that property. It is probably valued at $500,000 to-day. It has Ijcen known
to clear over $50,000 in one year. When Air. Bortou purchased the property,
April II, 1867, he paid William and Susan B. Dennis $12,500 for it. The Dennis
cottage then stood near Pacific avenue, and the ocean was not very far away.

The lot consisted of three 50-foot lots, making 150 feet on Pacific avenue,
and extending to "low-water mark." The first lot on the corner Dennis bought
June 4, 1863, of Joseph C. I'.ye, for $800. The next lot of H. D. (Jummer cost
$150, in 1862, and the third of Charles W. I!acon, December i, 1S62, cost
Dennis $364.

After holding this property four or live years Dennis sold for $12,500. the
three lots which cost him $1,314. not including a 40-room boarding house which
he had built and which is shown in an illustration.

The next 50-foot lot on Pacific avenue or the ocean end of it. lieginning 300
feet from Pacific avenue. Mr. P.orton purchased of the Charles X. Picrsoll heirs
December 11, 1886. for $3,500. Tliis lot from Pacific avenue cost Picrsoll $850
in 1872.

Mr. Borton has sold cottage lots on Pacific avenue for more than the amount
of his original purchase. He has enlarged his hotel several times and moved it
perhaps 1,000 feet nearer the ocean, on land which old ocean has so lavishly
throwii up at his door during the past 30 years. Fortunate, indeed, were they
who purchased land to low-water mark 30 years ago.

In 1886 Lewis A. Haines, of this citv. bought sixty feet of beach front on

WILL'AM G. HOOPES

GREAT ADXANXE I.\ REAL ESTATE. 31&

the easterly side of Ocean avenue for §6,000. It extcmlcil back from tlic lioard-
walk over 100 feet and the beach was constantly making out and new boardwalks
were moved out accordingly. In October, 1897, after eleven years, Mr. Haines
reserved a sixty-foot lot in the rear and sold to \'ictor Freisinger the remainder
of the 330 feet on Ocean avenue, which he then had, for $72,000. The property-
has since been sold for $90,000, or $1,500 per front foot for hotel purposes.

Every square foot of sjiace in the city has shared in this great advance in
value, that along the beach front being especially remarkable.

Of the nunilier of buildings in .\tlantic City, the following list compiled from
late records of the underwriters' association, gives a very accurate idea:

D\\ ellings 4-^34

Stores and Dwellings 541

Stores 155

Hotels and Boarding Houses 422

Stables 584

Shops 67

Storage Houses 3b

Boat Houses 35

Fire Engine Houses 8

Schools (Public ) 7

Churches 32

Along the Boardwalk 250

Railroad Depots 3

Ocean Piers 3

Total 6.377

In 1872, twenty-seven years ago, John Trenwith purchased three scjuares of
sandhills, Xos. 21, 22 and 23, just below the Excursion House, between Raleigh
and Columbia avenues, for $900. Twenty-three years later, in 1895, Trenwith
sold his three squares to four gentlemen in this city, A. B. Endicott, I. G. Adams,
C. J. Adams and Samuel Bell, for S35.000. After holding the lanil four years, this
syndicate, in April 1899, sold two of the blocks at $20,000 each, and in August
sold the third block, the one fronting on the ocean, for $25,000. The purchaser
refused $62,000 for this square in November, asking $75,000 for the block which
cost him $25,000 four months before. He could pay President McKinley one
year's salar}- on the ])rofits of his beach front sandhills in so short a time. This
land was purchased for five dollars per acre soon after the first railroad came to
this island.

MRS. M. E. HOOPES.

GREAT AD\AXCE IX REAL ESTATI

tri3c Hllen ffiloch.

Xuiiierous luuulsoiiic and sul)>tamial l)usinc's> l)lni.-ks liavi.' l)rcii iTrcU-i
along Atlantic avenue the past few years, like the hanks, the \-.\\<> hnilding. tlr
Currie hlock and Xassano huilding. I'raine structures are nci linger \\arranle(
nor permitted. (_)ne of the newest and most attractive of these brick and inn
buildings, significant of the growth and prosperity of the tnwn. is the new mil
linery store anil apartment house of Mr. George Allen, at the comer of \ irgini;
and Atlantic a^•enues.

STORE AND FLATS 0= GEORGE ALLEN

This fine building with all latest facilities for heating, lighting, living, and
business purposes, is shown herewith. \'isitors pronounce it the completest and
best stocked millinery, notion and gents' furnishing store in the State. Mr.
Allen first opened a store in this city in 1879. and has been constantl\- enlarging
and improving to meet the demands of trade ever since. At 12 14 Chestnut street
he has the largest store in Philadelphia, devoted almost exclusively to millinery
goods. It is five stories high, 25 feet front by 235 feet deep, and employs about
225 hands in manufacturing and selling goods. The business is of such a grade
and character that a greater portion of the stock has to be imported from Europe.
The Atlantic City store is a revelation to strangers who come here too little ap-
preciating the enterprise of our leading business men.

DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY,

Bacbaracb Si Sons.

Two leading clothing and gents' furnishing stores in this city are conducted
by Messrs. Bacharach & Sons. They were founded in 1871, by the senior member
of the firm, for summer business only. In 1881 the store at 931 Atlantic avenue
was enlarged and kept open permanently, and in 1891, Isaac Bacharach, one of
the sons, taken into the firm. The business prospered beyond expectations, wide-
awake enterprise meeting with popular appreciation. In March, 1892, a larger
store was occupied at 1028 Atlantic avenue, next to Tower Hall shoe store. In
September, 1895, another still larger store was opened at 1420 Atlantic avenue,
and both stores were conducted with characteristic enterprise. The last advance
of this enterprising firm was in opening their present fine store at the corner of
New York avenue, on March 14, 1898. The firm now includes the three brothers,
Benjamin, Isaac and Harry, who, with a large force of salesmen in their two
stores, do a surprisingly large business every month in the year. These gentle-
men are also largely interested in real estate and other local enterprises which
share the success of the town.

DENNIS COTTAGE.

ATLANTIC CITY PRESS. 323

XEbe Daili? Tllnion.

The Daily Union is the only evoiiinjj nc\vs]}a])cr in Atlantic City. It was
first printed September 3, 1888, and has been iniblished continuously since. It is
second to none in advocating measures for the best interests of the city, and aims
to be fair, generous and just towards all. It is published in connection with a
first-class job printing office, where booklets, cards, legal blanks, and all kinds of
mercantile printing is done in popular styles at popular prices l)y the l)ail\ I'liidn
Printing Company, John F. Hall, editor and manager.

Zbc Htlantic IReview.

The Atlantic Rciici\.\ daily and weekly, was first established in 1872. by .\. L.
English, and was Atlantic City's first newspaper. It became the property of
John G. Shreve and A. M. Heston, March 8, 1884, and after several years of
joint proprietorship, during which it prospered, became the property of Mr.
Shreve, by whom it is still published. The Rcviezv was an early school for jour-
nalism of many men now prominent in this connection in other cities, and while
never aspiring to any great heights — owing to the proximity of Philadelphia and
the facilities of bringing the journals of that city here in the early morning — and
its management has only desired that it meet the demand for a reliable and pop-
ular home newspaper. To this end the Rcz'iczv has been improved greatly of
late years, and now possesses a brick publication office at 906 Atlantic avenue,
and an excellent mechanical department, including typesetting machines and all
other up-to-date essentials.

The Rci'iczv has always championed any improvements for the betterment of
the resort, and has always endeavored to do what it could to increase the popu-
larity of the City by the Sea, the growth of which — from a small, little-known
watering place on the coast of New Jersey, in 1872, to a grand seashore metropolis,
the greatest pleasure resort in the country, in 1900 — it has witnessed with great
pride and satisfaction.

XLbc xrimes=H>emocrat an5 Star=(3a5ette.

The Times-Democrat and Star-Gazette is a combination of four newspajiers.
The Democrat was first printed at Absecon, in 1861. The Times was first pub-
lished by Gen. Joseph Barbiere, at Hanimonton, in 1877, till it was brought to
Atlantic City in the interest of the XSrrow Gauge railroad the following year, and
purchased by the present owner in August, 1879. The Star originated in Mays
Landing, and the Gazette in Egg Harbor City, finally reaching their present
hyphenated group in Atlantic City, forming the leading weekly newspaper of
Atlantic County. The paper is conducted chiefly by Mr. Ernest Beyer, and owned
by the Daily Union Printing Company, of which John F. Hall is manager and
principal owner.

ATLANTIC CITY rRI-:S?. 32.5

Htlaiitic (litv 2>ail\: iPiess.

the Atlantic City Daily I'rcss was .-tartcd hy its prcsnit <i\vikt and ])n i|)rii'tor.
Walter E. Edge.

I\Ir. Edge had previotisl\- for a shcirt season ]nil)lisluil a distinctly Imtrl ijapcr
known as the Atlantic City Daily (iiu-st. wliicli inun a tinancial stanil]»iini was
one of the most successful iniMicatidns ever issued in Atlantic Cil\. Tlii^ iiu'iiur-
aged Mr. Edge to the work of conductin.i; an all the year daily new spaper. and the
Daily Press has occupied a position in the cit\- which has heen the natin'al jiriilc
to its publisher and his friends.

The Daily Press has been conservative }'et at all times advanced the he-i
interests of Atlantic City as a popular all the year restart. It is Kepnhlii-an in
politics but its policy has never been offensive in a political direction.

Its publisher has been interested in all matters relating to the welfare «if
Atlantic City, contributing to a considerable e.xtent from a newspaiier standpoint,
to the advancement of the resort, besides ijccujiying various ]). isiiidus ni trust
and confidence in the cit\"s social, nuuiiciiial and financial wnrld.

Ubc atlantlc Cxtv jfreic prcssc.

The Atlantic City Freie I'resse (flerniani was first ])ul)lished in ."September.
1889, by P. J. Dalborn. In 1891. Mr. I'arl \nelker purchased the property and
has since conducted it in the interest of the 1 'iernian--\merican citizens. He has
been greatly assisted in his literary work by Airs. X'ejelker. a highly educated
woman. The Freie Presse is Deiuocratic in politics, and wields a large influence
among the German element of this city and county. Its circulation extends be-
yond the State among friends of Atlantic City, in Pittsburg, New York, lUifTalo,
Philadelphia, Cleveland an.l Washington, D. C.

TLbc 5unC>a^ Gazette.

The Sunday Gazette, the onl\' ."Sunday newsjiaper in Atlau'
been edited and published by William J. McLaughlin since iXiji
lican in politics and gives special attention to social events and sen

persistent iPublieitv.

In the history of this county, dwellm.tr upon the remarkable and rapid growth
of Atlantic City, a few words as to the notable results obtained through the
judicious use of newspapers by leading business men of the city would ])erhaps
be well in place. There have been many instances of success in advertising but

326 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

it remained for Atlantic City to demonstrate to the world at large that it was
possible, through a combination of natural attractions and an expenditure of a
few thousands of dollars, to distinguish Atlantic City from a popular summer
resort to unquestionably the best and most favorably known all-the-year resort
in the world.

Ten years ago to have suggested to the tourists of large Eastern cities that
m a few vears Atlantic City would offer them attractions for a Winter sojourn
superior to Florida or California, would have seemed ridiculous in the extreme.
Situated on an island, on what would be supposed to be the bleak North Atlantic
Coast, with no particular beauties of nature or tropical surroundings, it was a
proposition that even the most enthusiastic citizen would have questioned before
attempting.

The leading hotel men of the city, however, supported by the business element
and municipal government, undertook this proposition but first at an acknowl-
edged loss, keeping their hotels open throughout the winter, following this by
continual and effective newspaper advertising in all sections of the country,
sending out personal representatives of the city to interest the railroad companies
and prospective tourists in the resort, providing winter diversions and attractions
for them. The progress was exceedingly slow and for several years in the early
nineties it seemed that a paying winter business was almost impossible. This fact,
however, made the Atlantic City business man all the more determined to succeed
and more strenuous efforts were put forth during the past five years in the way
of increased advertising appropriations, increased railroad facilities, increased
popular attractions in the city, and increased hotel facilities. The results have
been that to-day Atlantic City is enjoying two distinct and profitable seasons,
while Asbury Park, Cape May and other neighbors, look on with envy and are
compelled to work long and arduously to enjoy one.

At this time, the success of Atlantic City as an all-the-year resort is assured.
It is the only resort in America that can attract tourists four seasons in the year;
it is the only resort in America that has a combination of business men who will
stop at no expense that Atlantic City may continue in this enviable position. Con-
tinuing in the future as the city has m the past, it is a question of but a very short
time when we reach the position as the popular all-the-year health and pleasure
resort so far removed from any possible successful competition that to be a
citizen of this progressive city will be a matter of pride to all.

This is merely another demonstration of what newspaper publicity will do.
combined with perseverance, enterprise and skill.

WALTER E. EDGE.

OUR CITY IU)S1'1TA1. 327

®ur Cttp Ibospital.

fHE first attempt to provide a hospital in this city was made a dozen years
or so ago when one of the rooms in the old City Hall was set ajjart for
emergency cases. In 1891 or 1892 the ladies and others interested effected an
organization and held receptions at the Mansion and United States hotels and
raised the first hospital fund, about $1,100. Later when this money with the
interest amounted to $1,253, 't ^^'^s turned over as a free bed fund to Superintend-
ent Rochford. of the Sanitoriuni Association, who under a contract with City
Council was doing the hospital work of the city. By means of progressive euchre
parties, an Academy concert and other schemes promoted by Mr. Rochford, this
fund finally amounted to $3,000.

For five years the hospital work was done at the Sanitoriuni uiuler cmiiract
with council or the board of governors at an expense as follows :

1894. Paid for rent, $500; 42 weeks at $5, $210.25. Total, $710.25.

1895. Paid for rent, $900; 44 weeks at $5, $224.25. Total, $1,124.25.

1896. Paid for rent, $1,200; 1 16 weeks at $5, $583.65. Total, $1,783.65.

1897. Paid for rent, $1,200; 248 weeks, i day, at $5, $1,241. Total, $2,441.

1898. Paid for rent, $1,100; 157 weeks at $7, $1,101. Total, $2,201.
Total for iive years, $8,260.15.

The first year the work was done at the Carrolton on New York avenue, and
the four years following at the Sanitoriuni at Pacific and Mt. \'ernon avenues. It
was at the latter place that those injured in the Baltic avenue Casino crash during
the Elks convention, July 5, 1895, were cared for. Also the sixty odd persons
injured in the meadow railroad accident July 30, 1896.

During these five years the city was favored in having ample hospital facilities
but the rates were so low that they were provided at a loss and disadvantage to the
Sanitoriuni Association.

On February 12. 1897, a meeting of representative citizens was called b\- Mr.
Rochford at the Sanitoriuni to organize a hospital association. The result was a
regular incorporated body and the selection of the following board of governors,
except that Mr. C. J. .\danis has succeeded William G. Hoopes, deceased. Presi-
dent. Franklin P. Stoy; secretary, A. M. Heston; treasurer, Lewis Evans: Chas.
Evans, Stewart R. McSliea. Louis Kuehnle, James D. Southwick. Pfarry S. Scull,
J. Leonard Baier, M. A. Devine, H. H. Deakvne, AI. ^'. B. Scull. Isaac Bacharach,
J. F. Hall.

The certificate of incorporation bears the date of April 9, 1897, when the C(jn-
stitution and by-laws were adopted and a permanent organization effected which
has since continued. In September of that year council appropriated $2,500 for
hospital expenses and placed that sum at the discretion of the board of governors.
The next year the appropriation was $4,000, the Henry J. White property on south
Ohio avenue having been purchased and the building enlarged and renovated
at an expense of $3,000 for hospital purposes. The building contained twelve good
rooms, the lot 100 x 175 feet and the price paid $16,000.

f^^

PETER BOICE.

OUR CITY

ITAL.

Mr. Charles Evans, of ihc Seaside, was tlie lirsl pel
wliich was apiilicil to tlie purchase iHoiie\ .

The Woman's AnxiHary oryanizeil Xovenilier j;
several hundred dollars worth of furniture and furnislii
furnished rooms and contributed supplies. This orj.;aii
F. Hall, president: Mesdames J. D. Southwick, II. S. .^
vice-presidents: Mrs. John (Hover .'<hreve. secriiar\ ; .\
secretary: .Mrs. M. .\."l)evine, lre:i>uver. an,l nearly ou^

In April, 1899, Miss Elizabeth C. lioice, of Alise
erect a brick annex to the Hospital as a memorial to
P.oice. The board of governors sreatly ajipreciaied

nf Ml

W. E.

r father,
er ,<;-enei

CITY HOSPITAL SHOW.NG BO!C£

Secretary Heston and others discussed plans and suggestions with Miss I'.oice and
reported from time to time to the board. Architect Harold 1". Aiknns prei)ared
plans and estimates which were finally approved.

On Thanksgiving Day. 1899, at a public reception in this handsome brick
building, which cost slightly more than Sio,ooo, :\Irs. Elizabeth Xourse, nee lloice.
in a very appropriate and pleasing address formally presented the keys and deed

.330 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

to President Stoy, that the institution might ever be as intended, a memorial to
her father. One of the rooms was designated as a memorial to her mother, Mrs.
Kate M. Boice.

Several other generous friends furnished rooms ami Mrs. Peter V. Brown
.gave $5,000 cash to endow a room as a memorial to her late husband who died in
this city.

The development and progress of this institution has been very gratifying. It
is in constant need of funds and supplies to meet expenses which are nearly $100
per week and to liquidate the mortgage of $16,000 against the property. Plans
have been discussed for a large central building where visiting invalids, pay
patients, could be properly cared for and the institution made more nearly self-
.supporting.

BoarC* of Ibealtb.

yOr TLANTIC CITY for twenty years has been fortunate in having an efficient
Ij Board of Health, pioneers in establishing new rules and regulations for a
health resort, vigorously seeking to keep down and out all contagious
■diseases and strictly maintaining proper sanitary conditions. The grading of low
lots, disposal of garbage and other filth were at first serious problems. It required
years of study and experiment to secure not only efficient sewerage, but a garbage
crematory, where tons of waste may be daily disposed of at minimum cost.

Among the early members of the health board were; Dr. Boardman Reed,
Dr. F. B. Lippincott, Dr. J. J. Comfort, Thomas McGuire, George Hayday, St.,
Mahlon C. Frambes, Joseph H. Borton, John L. Bryant. Among the later mem-
bers were Edward S. Lee, Wm. G. Hoopes, Harry S. Scull, Wm. B. Louden-
slager, Dr. A. W. Baily, Elwood Johnson, Thos. McDevitt, Dr. M. D. Youngman.
and others who have done much to preserve prime sanitary conditions and make
it easier these days to dispose of all waste at great advantage. Low lots have dis-
. appeared, garbage is gathered daily and destroyed by fire in a costly crematory,
and a house to house canvass of the city at frequent intervals is a safeguard of
the prompt abatement of all nuisances.

The remarkable growth and popularity of the city have largely resulted from
the good work done bv the Board of Health.

Counts /IDe^ical Society.

The Atlantic County Medical Society was organized in 1880 by Dr. Job
.Somers of Linwood; Drs. Madden and Waters of Absecon; Dr. Boy son of Egg
Harbor: Drs. Abbott and Ingersoll of May's Landing, and Drs. Willard Wright
and Boardman Reed of Atlantic City. Dr. Somers was elected President, Dr.
Theo. Boysen, Secretary and Dr. Madden, Treasurer. Dr. T. K. Reed was
selected as the first essayist of the Society. At the close of Dr. Job Somers' term
of office he read a very interesting paper on the medical history of the county
from the earliest colonial days.

THE ATLAXTIC CITY IK )MCM:0PATHIC CI. UP,

The Society continued to jirosper. It met in tlie old Cits llall in lliis c
Many able men front Philadelphia and other cities addressed the Society from ti
to time. During the year of iSij/ a local medical society, the ".\cademy of .Mi
■ cine," was organized, taking the place in jjart of the county society.

Ube Htlantic Cit? •fcomaopatblc Glub.

0X the e\-ening of Ma\- 17. 181)7, in response to an invitation sent to all the
homoeopathic physicians of .\tlantic County, there met at the ofiice of
Dr. AI. D. Youngman, the following physicians: Drs. Bull, I'.ieling,
Balliet, Baily, Crosby, Corson, Fleming. Redman and Sooy, of Atlantic
City; and Gardiner, of .\bsecon; and after discussion, unanimously determined
to band themselves into a club for the advancement of Homoeopathy and the
mutual advantage of each member. A constitution was adopted, name selected,
and the following officers elected to serve until the annual meeting in January;
President, John R. Fleming: Secretary, John L. Redman; Treasurer, L. D. Balliet.

The club liolds its meetings monthly, except during the months of July and
August, at the houses of the various members, at which meetings papers are read
and discussed, cases are reported, and prevaihng diseases and their treatment
brought to the notice of the members.

Since the organization of the club Drs. Mary Miller, Lydia H. Cromwell and
Alfred W. Westney have been elected to membership, and Drs. Redman, Bull and
Beiling have lost their mend:)ership, having removed from the city. Dr. (lardiner
has changed his location from .\bsecon to Atlantic City.

At the annual meeting of January, 1898, Dr. Fleming was re-elected Presi-
dent, and Dr. Balliet was re-elected Treasurer, Dr. Corson being elected Secretary.
In 1899, at the annual meeting, all the old officers were re-elected, and Dr. Crom-
well elected .Assistant Secretary.

In April, 1897, just one month after the organization of the club, Drs. Baily,
Bull, Fleming, Crosby, Munson and Youngman were appointed a committee to
attend the meeting of the American Institute of Homoeopathy at Bufifalo in June,
and invite that body to meet in .Atlantic City in 1898. The committee did their
work, secured a club room at the Genesee Hotel, which they decorated, and had
the pleasure of seeing many of the Institute members in their room. But the
Institute pleaded a previous engagement and went to Omaha. To the Omaha
meeting the club sent another invitation, which was unanimously accepted, and
in June. 1899. the club had the pleasure of entertaining the Institute in .Atlantic
City.

The club now numbers twelve members, and has at its monthly meeting
an average attendance of ten. Of the members, Drs. Fleming, Baily. Balliet,
Munson. Sooy. Corson, Gardiner and Westney are graduates of Hahnemann
Medical College of Philadelphia: Drs. Crosby and Youngman of the Xew York
Homoeopathic Medical College: Dr. Cromwell of Hahnemann Medical Col-
lege of Chicago: and Dr. Miller of Xew York Medical College and Hospital for
Women.

THE MORRIS CUAKDS :m

Zbc /IDorris ©uarCis.

Seventv-two NOuns; nicii rrs|niii(kMl in a circular call Inr a iiicctin^. licld in
the parlor of Malatesta's Imtcl mi Satunla\. March u, 1SS7. in cnii^idrr the
organization of a social-niilitar\- ccmipany which has since liccii knnwii as the
Morris Guards. The call for the nK-ctius; was sriit i.ut and si,';iu'd hx h'.dwin
Smith, Jr.. and Russell G. Bing-. At a sul)sc(|ucm meeting held 1.11 .March iS. iSSj,
these civil officers were elected: President. J as. S. I'eckwiih : \ ice- I'resi dent, ( ien.
\\'. Connely; Secretary, R. G. Bing; Assistant Secretary, \V. .\. lianunaii; Treas-
urer, Fred. P. Currie; and the following officere in the military department:
Gaptain, Ed. Smith, Jr.; First Lieutenant, Russell G. liing, and Second Lieutenant,
Fred. I"". Currie, beside five Sergeants and eight Gor])orals in the non-commis-
sioned class.

The names of the boys who stood shoulder to shoulder in this manly endeavor
to maintain an organization for the purpose of securing military training and pro-
moting social intercourse: Josejjh L. Shaner, Dahlgren Albertson, Frank Keates,
H. R.\\lbertson, John P. Tompkins. Alfred 11. Turner, C. W. I'.olte, L. S. Gon-
over, Clifton C. siiinn, S. G. Hinkle, W". J. :\li(ldletc,n. Harold [■. .Xdams. James
S. Beckwith, William G. Bullock, G. W". Borden, Thomas Brady, Jr., Robert
r.rady. \\'. S. Glarkson, Edward Evans, A. S. Faunce, U. G. France, Frank Glenn,
Evan J. Hackney, Wm. A. Hutchinson, John J. Harkins, H. J. Irvin, Joel Leeds,
Jos. McBvaine, Chas. T. .Murphy. Ghas. W". ( )at, Joseph C)bert, Lewis L. Rose,
G. Sumner Reed. E. E. Richer, John S. Westcoit, E. C. Shaner. H. 1). Turner,
S. S. \'ansant, Silas Wootton, William H. B.urkard, Harry I'owell. A. 1'. Jdhnson.
Clarence Myers, besides the officers named above.

The company, which was greatly augmented from time to time, under the
skillful guidance of Captain Edwin Smith, an old State l-'encible man, rapidly
acquired the foot movements utilizing small halls and. in fair weather, the streets,
as their training grounds. In May, 1887, the first fair was held and with it came
the first uniforms, the fatigue. On May 11, 1887, the company was legally incor-
jjorated. Li October following the Company purchased their rifles, the Governor
having vetoed the bill passed by the Leg-islature authorizing a loan of arms.

About this time Colonel Daniel Morris, who had from the very start of the
organization materially aided it, starteil to erect the Armory building on Xew
York avenue where the company has beeu quartered to this day. It was first
occupied for military purposes on the evening of January 26, 1888. and has been
the scene of many distinguished gatherings, elaborate functinirs and merry socials

In an incredibly short time the Guardsmen became very pmficient in martia,
movements and the use of the rifle and on many occa.sions in succeeding years and
to this time, have jjroved their superiority as a well drilled body of men. Their
"exhibition drill squad" has always been a synonym for discipline and skill in
soldierly maneuver and, although frequentl\- under the critical gaze of some high
nnlitary personage, promptness and precision have never l)een missing.

.\fter the companv had l)een instituted some four or five years there was an

COL. DANIEL MORRIS.

THE MORRIS GUARDS. 335>

infusion of newer blooil in the ranks and energetic, willins; hands took up tlie work
of the pioneers. The latter never faiHng^ in their loyalty, and the former ever
anxious to accept the promising future ahead. Upon Capt. Smith's resignation,
Harold F. .Adams, then a Lieutenant, became Captain, .\fter a brief period of
practical usefulness he. too. resignetl and Lieutenant Lewis T. Bryant was pro-
moted to the command of the Guards, the duties of which oiifice he has so faithfully
and successfully performed.

Captain Bryant is a graduate of the Tennsylvania .Military .\cademy and com-
bines a kindly, courteous disposition with a thorough knowledge of military
science and the details of discipline. Other changes took place in the course of
time. L'pon Capt. Bryant's promotion, Robert E. Stephany was elevated to the
First Lieutenancy. In the earlier days Dr. Eugene L. Reed was made .\ssistant
Surgeon with rank of First Lieutenant.

In the line of Second Lieutenants. \\'illiam H. Bartlett succeeded Fred. P.
Currie resigned, and upon his resignation, Robert H. Ingersoll, Esq., was elected.
.\fterward Lieutenant Ingersoll resigned and C. Stanley Grove, was elected and
served in a most acceptable manner as the "leader of the Second platoon."

Of late years many substantial and decorative improvements have been made
in the Armory and to-day it stands as a model home of a meritorious organization.
Military details, while strictly adhered to, are not permitted to crowd out the sunny
side of life and in this splendidly equipped building the Morris Guards have, by a
long series of brilliant social affairs, earned for themselves, and justly too, the
reputation of being premier entertainers. The active members are assisted by the
life and contributing meinbers on these occasions and, from Early Fall until Sum-
mer Comes again, the armory resounds with social merriment and pleasure reigns
supreme. In their business afTairs the Guards are well governed and their person-
nel is that of the best young element in the city.

Providence has smiled graciously on the members and their undertakings.
The doleful notes of "taps" have sounded but three times in the active ranks out-
side of their annual encampment. Those three who have gone beyond came from
the charter members — they were, Hutchinson, Beckwith and Glenn.

-Vthletics have a warm ])lace in the (hiardsman's heart and their splendid array
of apparatus, combined w ith the health giving effects of the yearly encampment,
sers-es to keep them in good physical shape.

There is little lacking in any way in this body of men and for what they have
achieved an appreciative public will surely wish them renewed successes.

In looking backward a decade and more one cannot fail to see what grand
liberality, aided b\- energetic, ambitious work, will achieve.

In other years the company had minstrel "shows," as they were termed, which
netted some coin of the realm as well as vast amusement for both the public and
])articipants and notable among these events was the perfomiance of the Guards
.Minstrels, soon after the horrible Johnstown disaster, for the benefit of the suffer-
ers. The old Opera House on .\tlantic avenue was the place where they appeared,
and a crowded house greeted the players. ( )vr six hundred dollars were netted
for the cause of humanitv.

ROBERT H. INGERSOLL, ESQ.

THK MORRIS GUARDS. 337

After that nicnuirahk' cvciiiiijL; tluTc was a cossatidii nf niinstrrl>\ aintniL; tlir
Ciuarils for several years when a \er_\- elal)i)rate perforniaiu-e was ^iveii in tin-
Armory. Extensive preparations had been made for another w hieli was prevented
by the destrnction of the place by fire February 7, 1898. 'i'liey hi)we\er decided td
enlarge the stage in the Arnmry which they diil and gave the eiitertainineni
successfully.

When President AIcKinley issued his first call for troops in tlie war willi
Spain a number of members of the .Morris (iuards were anxious to enter the
service, but Governor \'oorhees decided that preference shouUl he given tn the
Xational Guards in making up the quota of troops for service. Assurances were
given that in case of a second call the Guards should receive recognition.

Acting on this suggestion, a meeting was held at the Armory on the evening
of June 20, 1898, and officers elected. Ten days later, on June .v- an official call
for another regiment of volunteers was issued by Governor \ ddrhees. The same
night a meeting of the ]\lorris Guards \"olunteers was held at the Armory and a
number of members signed the enlistment roll. The next day the company was
officiallv accepted. Drills were l)egun July 5 and held every night thereafter until
the Company left for the front. The recruits, 113 in number, were exanuned Jidy
8. and 91 accepted — the best record in the State.

The volunteers were tendered a public reception on the new steel pier, pre-
ceded bv a banquet at the Hotel Dennis, on the evening of July 11. The pier was
crowded, hundreds of representative citizens being present. The next day, Tues-
day, July 12, 1898, the Company departed for Camp Voorhees, Sea Girt, N. J.,
When the men assembled at the Armory, 120 strong, every one was taken by the
hand by Col. Daniel Morris, the patron of the Guards, and wished (lod-speed and
a safe return. The boys were escorted to the train by the G. A. K. veterans and
other oTganizations. There were stirring and dramatic scenes at the railroad
station, and many eyes were dinuned with tears as the train rolled awa_\-, aiuid the
cheers of the assembled multitude, bearing the volunteers to the defense of their
country's honor.

The Company was sworn into the United States service July 14, 1898. They
remained in camp at Sea Girt till ( )ctober 8th, when they were transferred to Camp
Meade, near Gettysburg, Pa., where they remained till November 12th. They
arrived in Camp \\'etherill, at Greenville, S. C. Xovember 13th, and remained
there till they were mustered out. April (>, 1899.

The present officers of the Cnipany are Captain Lewis T. L!ryant; First
Lieutenant, C. Stanley Grove; Second Lieutenant, Harry E. Smith; Sergeants,
Walter Clark, D. W. Kerr, W. A. Stephany, Phillip N. Besser, William Voss;
Quartermaster, William F. Pfaff; Corporals, William Dill, Samuel lob, and
George Bailey. _ _

338 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

(Bolf at tbe Counttg Club.

^~* 1 1 \l Country Club, composed of prominent citizens has provided handsomely
I^J for the lovers of golf, who visit this resort.
^ On a beautiful rise of ground on the mainland six miles away a model

club house has been built and eighteen-link grounds laid out that are much
enjoyed by golfers.

All conveniences are provided and the soil is of such a character that wet sea-
sons hardly interfere with this health-giving game. The grounds are easily acces-
sible by rail, bicycle or carriage over good roads and are greatly appreciated.

From the perfectly appointed club house, a line example of colonial archi-
tecture, one may look over miles of cultivated fields that slope to vast and pictur-
esque areas of bay and meadow land, and beyond all oceanward, Atlantic City,
Ventnor, South Atlantic and Longport, with the prominent buildings rising and
vibrating as in a mirage along the horizon line.

Golf (in its older forms golf, gouiif, gowff, the latter of which gives the genuine
old pronunciation), is an amusement formerly so peculiar to Scotland, that it was
well and truly termed the national game of that country.

Not many vears ago, however, the game was taken up in England, where it
at once became immensely popular; finally it was brought over to America, and
to-day throughout this country, and in England as well, it is the most popular, as
well as one of the most healthful of all open air games, and the fact that it brings
all the muscles of the human body into healthy action conmiends it to all and
makes it a really desirable game, though there are those who look upon it unjustly
as a senseless pastime.

COUNTRY CLUB AT t

DRl\i:S AXD GOOD ROADS. 339

H>rivc5 an& <5oo^ TRoaDs.

In ciMitrast with the i^ood county roads tliat luive lurii huilt the pasi. few
years at public ex])eiise: t\\ eiit\-t\vo miles from Ahsecon to llammniitou: sex'eii
miles from Egg Harbor City to .Mays Landing ; seven miles on this islan<l to
Longport, and five miles of private turnpike across tlie meadows to the mainland,
the following description of the first ]iublic road laid out in this county is inter-
esting. It was first laid out in 171(1 leading fnim Xacote Creek (Port Re]nil)lic),
along the shore to Somcrs I'^erry at Soniers I'nint. This road was altered and laid
out l\v six surveyors fr<jm i'.urlington county, and six from Cdoiiccster coimtw
Their returns bears date the 15th day of March. 1731.

Previous to giving the location of the road, they recite, tliat the former road
that was laid out for the inhabitants of the township of Egg Plarbor in the county
of Gloucester, to travel from the east end of the shore to Somers" Ferrv b\' reason
of the swamps and marsh through which the road passed, had fomid it to be
inconvenient for the inhabitants to travel, and had made aiiplicati< m to Tlmmas
W'etherill and five other surveyors from Burlington County and tn jnhn I-'slick of
<;ioucester County. These twelve surveyors having found the former road
inconvenient made the following alterations, viz:

riegimiing at .\aked Creek, and from thence as the same was formerly laid
out and now beat, to Jeremiah .\dams' bridge. Thence over the same, and S(3
on, as the road is now Ijeat, till it comes near William Mead's house. Then b\- a
line of marked trees, on the northwest side of said road, till it comes past the said
Mead's house. Then along the beaten road, till it comes to John Steelman's land.
So then by a line of marked trees, on the northwest side of the beaten road, till
it comes near across said Steelman's land. Then along said beaten n^ad to
Absequon bridge. Then over the same, and so along the beaten road till it comes
near Jeremiah Risley's house. Then by a line of marked trees, on the northwest
side of the beaten road, part over Daniel Lake's land and part over the said
Risley's land, and so into the beaten road to Abel Scull's land. Thence crossing
said Scull's land by a line of marked trees till it conies near David Conover's
house, and from thence along the road as it now lyeth. to the landing near Richard
Sumer's house.

Jfirst Quail an5 IRabbit.

Richanl. a brother ni Ryan Adams, first lirought live ralibits and (|uail tcj this
island, sometime after 1800 and previous to 1820. They soon became very plenti-
ful for a number of years, till one very severe winter when a deep snow and un-
commonly high tide very nearly exterminated the cpiail and destroyed many oi
the rabbits. The latter living auK.mg the shrubbery on the high land were able to
stand the storm better than the birds, which buried under the snow on the
meadows were overcome by the high tides and were nearly or i|uite exterminateil.

340 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

/'m% i' 'lo point along the New Jersex' coast can so many yachts and saihng craft

\^ J he found as here. While the shifting sands and bars at the Inlet channel

make this harbor inaccessible to large vessels, many private pleasure

}achts come here during the sunmier and the Inlet wharves present a

scene of unusual animatimi at all times.

Since 1883 a Yaclitsmciis' Association has maintained an organization and a
large active membership. Stringent rules are enforced to maintain suitable
wharves and permit only experienced, capable seamen to engage in the business.

A fleet of one hundred or more pleasure yachts, some of them large and hand-
somely furnished, handle thousands of people daih' in sununer time at very reas-
onable rates.

As man\- more smaller craft are owned by cottagers and citizens.

Fishing in the bays or on the ocean is one of the exhilarating pastimes of
visitors.

Cabin yachts are available during the winter months in which those who wish
may spend a week or more at a time, gunning about the bays.

MOSQUITO BOAT,

FIRST rUBLlC BUILDINGS. 341

ifirst public BuilJMutis.

Tho top story of Ryan Adams' old ( )cvau I l.msc was usr.l as a jail . .r Incknp
for a mmilier of vears. Souk- of tlu' prisoners suhinittcil to cIom.' (|uanirs s^raci--
fully. l)ut Olio man in attempting to escape from a third-story window fell and
broke a leg.

The first city jail which is still standing: near its original site in the rear of the
\"ermont House, was built of joists 3x6 inches laid together like brick and si)iked
firmly. It contained two cells, 10x10 roouis with one window in each. The first
man locked up is .saitl to have escaped in the niyht. I'rexious to its erection in
1869. offenders were handcutil'etl aroimd a tree in the mayor's front yard. .\t any
rate that was the practice that prevailetl when Robert T. l-lvard was maxur in \Xft^
and livei.1 on Pennsylvania avenue, near wli.'it is now 1 leckler's 1 lotel.

Ubc JFlrst (IoIote& /IDan.

The first colored man to take up his permanent residence in this city was
■'Billy" Bright. He lived in a shanty on Rhode Island avenue in iS3(j. The first
colored boy to attend school in this cit_\- was Joe Ross, who had his se])arate desk
in one corner of the n.ioni in the first public school house on I'ennsylvania a\enue.

IPlcntg of J6[achsnahes.

Few people these times Iiave any concejnion how Ijlack snakes infested this
island in its early days. They seem not to have disturbed Jeremiah Leeds to any
extent: indeed, he is said to have protected the snakes, as they destroyed rats and
mice and did more good than harm. They were plowed out of the ground in the
spring and scratched out with the harrow when they burrowed to deposit their
eggs and were found in the woods everyw here. They were often six to eight feet
long and as large around as a man's w rist. Their bite was not dangerous, but they
were killed with clubs and guns.

Richard Ilackett tells of killing twelve black snakes one day on his way from
Jeremiah to Andrew Leeds' residence.

James Blackman, of Absecon, \\hile \isiting the island one da\- came n])on
one so large and long that with a loaded gim he dare not attempt to kill it. lie
left it undisturbed.

When Chalkley S. Leeds was a boy, he came upon a black snake while cross-
ing a field one day. The snake chased him and bit his clothing several times before
the boy could get to the nearest fence, where he found a club to use effectively.
He could not outrun the snake. It is only occasionally these later years that these
ancient emblems of wisdom have been found in the groves and sandhills.

DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

Cost of Cits Government.

N ordinance to provide for the anionnt of tax to Ije levied in Atlantic City
in the year 1898, to make appropriations and limit the expenditures of
Atlantic City for the fiscal year beginning the first Monday in September,
i8ij8, and ending the first Monday in September, 1899.

Section i. Be it ordained by the City
Council of Atlantic City, That for the fiscal
year beginning the first Monday in Sep-
tember, 1898, and ending the first Monday
in September, 1899, the following amounts
are hereby appropriated and ordered
raised for the respective purposes herein
stated, and from any funds in the Treasury,
to be used for the respective purposes:

County Tax $46,398 75

State School Tax 36,161 28

City School Tax 35.300 00

Special District School Tax.... 9,105 00

Sinking Fund 25,000

Water Department 105,940 00

Foating Debt 2,500 00

City Notes 25,000 00

Interest on Bonds 10,576 97

Interest on Notes 5,000 00

Lighting 28,000 00

Streets 1 7,900 00

Poice Department 29,500 00

Fire Department 20,000 00

Detective Service 1,000 00

Protection and Improvement

of Property 11,200 00

Printing and Stationery 2,500 00

Salaries 18,650 00

Legal Expense 3,000 00

Poor Fund 4,000 00

Sanitary 14,000 00

Board of Health 3,000 00

Atlantic City Hospital 4,00000

Election Expenses

IMemorial Expenses

Armory Rent

United States Fire Co

Atlantic Fire Co

Neptune Hose Co

Good Will Hook and Ladder

Beach Pirates Chemical Engine

Co 800 00

Chelsea Fire Co 1,750 00

Rescue Hook and Ladder Co.. 300 oc

Deferred Bills 20,303 00

1,000 00
$100 00
100 00
2,250 00
2,500 00
2,250 00

2.250 00

Building Streets and Sidewalks
Revising, Compiling and Print-
ing Charter and Ordinances..
Flower Beds

Total $494,435 00

Sec. 2. And be it further ordained,
That the moneys appropriated by the first
section of this ordinance shall be derived
from the following sources:

Tax Duplicates, 1898 $314,435 00

Licenses 93.0OO 00

Fines and Costs i ,400 00

Building Permits 800 00

Sale of Street dirt 1,200 00

Registration of Dogs 500 00

Sundry Services 1,543 59

Cash on hand to credit of Water
Department, September 5th,

41.843 71

9,3-'o 00
$7,000 00

Unpaid Water Bills, series of
August 1st, 1898

Receipts of Water Department,
series of February ist, 1899. . .

Sundry account, Water Depart-
ment 1 ,000 00

Street Service account, Water

Department 3, 500 00

Cash on hand to credit of Gen-
eral Fund, September sth,
1898 18,892 70

$494,435 00
Sec. 3. And be it ordained, That this
ordinance shall take effect immediately.

Passed at a regular meeting of City
Council, September 12th, 1898.

JAMES D. SOUTHWICK,

President.
Attest:

E. D. IRELAN,

City Clerk
Approved September 16, 1898.

JOSEPH THOMPSON,

Mayor of Atlantic City,

APPROPRIATIOXS AXD RF.SOUKCKS

CITY APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1899— 1900.

State School Tax $.?7.T 17 ^o

Cf.untv Tax 5J.065 88

Cit- S'chool Tax 40.000 00

S|,ccial District School Tax 14J05 00

Sii king Fund .Sf).400 00

\\'ater Departmeiit 107.000 00

Cifv Notes .30.000 CO

Interest on Bonds trx/.'d 58

Interest on Xotcs .S.ooc 00

Lighting J9.500 00

Streets 25.000 00

Police Department .?2..i00 00

Fire Department 40.900 00

United States Fire Company 2.-250 00

Atlantic Fire Company 2.250 00

Neptune Hose Company 2.250 00

Good Will Hook and Ladder Company 2.250 00

Beach Pirates Chemical Engine Company 1.500 00

Chelsea Fire Company 2.250 00

Rescue Hook and Ladder Company 250 00

Deferred Bills 47.f>79 24

Detective Ser\ ice 1.000 00

Protection and Improvement of Property 7.500 00

Printing and Stationery 2.500 00

Salaries" 16.000 00

Legal Expenses 4.000 00

Poor Fund 6.500 00

Sanitary i Q.ooo 00

Board of Health 570O 00

Atlantic City Hospital 4.800 00

Elf ction Expenses i .000 00

Memorial Services 100 00

Ai morv Rent 100 00

Public ' Fountains 5° 00

Building Sidewalks i.ooo 00

Revising. Compiling and Printing Charter and Ordinances 2.000 00

Total S598.4+4 00

RESOURCES.

Tax Duplicate, 1899 $419,644 00

Licenses 95.000 00

Fines and Costs i.ooo 00

Building Permits 1,000 00

Sale of Street Dirt 100 00

Registration of Dogs 500 00

Sundry Sources 1.700 00

Cash on hand to credit of General Fund. September 4. 1899 1,370 34

Cash on hand to credit of Water Department, September 4, iSgy. . 50.99.? 20

Unpaid Water Bills sr's .\ugust i. 1899 17.106 80

Receipts Water Department sr's February i. iqoo 2.000 00

Sundry Account. Water Department 2.500 00

Street Service Account. Water Department 4.200 00

Back Bills and Fines 8.50 00

Interest on Deposit of Water Department 479 66

Total $598,444 00

atlantlc Cits ©fficials.

Mayor, Franklin P. Stoy; Recortler, Roljert K. Stephany: Alderman, Harry
Bacharach; Treasurer, John A. Jeffries; City Clerk, Emery D. Irelan; Tax Col-
lector, William Lowry, Jr.; Solicitor, Carlton Godfrey; City Comptroller, A. M.
Heston; Chief of Police, Harry C. Eldridge; Overseer of the Poor, Daniel L.
Albertson; Mercantile Appraiser, J. W. Parsons; Supervisor of Streets, S. B. Rose;
Building Inspector, S. L. Westcoat; Electrician. Albert C. Farrand; City Mar-
shal, Cornelius S. I'^ort ; Assessors, Stewart H. Shinn, .Seraph F. Lillig, Andrew J.
Withniw.

/IDembers of Council.

HARR^' BACHARACH. HANN, ENOS R,

President

BARRETT, DAVID R.,
BEYER. ALBERT,
BOWKER, WILLIAM W.,
CLEMENT JOSEPH C,
DONNELLY, JOHN,
DOUGHTY, S. L.,
FLEMING, JOHN R.,
GARNICH, HUGO,

IRELAND, WM. A.,
LEE. EDWARD S.,
LEEDS, HENRY W.,
LONG. GEORGE H.,
PARKER, EDWIN A.
THOMPSON. THOMAS H.
VANAMAN. WILLIS,

JOSEPH E. LINGERMAN.

The as
Inch

SOUTH .1FKSI-:V 1\ COXi
it\- i;c)VLTiiiiK'nt, l8i;v. anuuin

Water I'laiit

City Hall Property

Steel Boardwalk

Sinking I'^mul

Tax Duplicate of iS.)8

Personal and ( )tlier Pronert\

75,000

74.144

The total liabilities.
Consistini;- of:

:itv atrijretiati

City Bonds

Improvement I'.onds

Paving Bonds

City Hall Bonds . . . .
Water Bonds

$9,831
1 87,000
100,000

24,000
887,000

v-.-^.u

The story of Atlantic City's wonderful growth and prosperit)
following figures:

Voters. Populatii.n

1834 { h'irst F.lection ) 18 100

i8s7 77 400

i860 IK) 687

1865 126 746

1870 173 1.043

1875 45<^ -2.009

1880 962 5.477

1885 1,676 7,94^

1890 2.840 13.037

1895 3,600 18.329

1899 (Estimated) 5.680 25.000

880,025
1 .707,760
2.6n2.V2
4.4i=;.'^')6
[2,172,646
I 5.000.000

SOUTH JERSEY IN CONGRESS.

While Atlantic County at present i> a part of
was formerly included m the First, and has been
The following gentlemen have represented South J
was formed in 1837:

18.C. Charles C. Stratton, Gloucester.

i8,3<j-'4l. William B. Cooper. Gloucester.

i84i-'43. Charles C. Stratton. Gloucester.

1843- '45. L. Q. C. Elmer. Cumberland.

i845-'4g. JamesG. Hampton. Cumberland.

iS4g-'5i Andrew K. Hay, Camden.

l85l-'55. Nathan T. Stratton, Cumberland.

i8s5-'5g. Isaiah D. Clawson. Cumberland.

i85Q-'63. John T. Ni.xon. Cumberland.

iSt.V'fi'-. .lohn F. Star, Camden.

TS67

■71.

1871

■7^

1871-

'7:.-

187.^

'77-

1877

70.

IK70

■8i.

lS,Vl

•8s.

188=

'J.v

l8(j3

— .

the Second Congressional District it
lu)nored by representation in Congress,
crsey in Congress since .Mlantic County

William Moore. Atlantic.
John W. Hazelton. Gloucester.
Samuel C. Porker (Second

District). Burlington.
Samuel -A. Dobbins. Burlington.
J. Howard Pugh, Burlington.
Hezekiah B. Smith, Burlington.
85. John Hart Brewer. Mercer.
James Buchanan. Mercer.
John J. Gardner. Atlantic.

HON. J. E. P. ABBOTT.

Beautiful Xouopovt.

CI IF. borouyh uf Lonop.irt at the soutlK-rly end (if tlii> island i> a (K-li-hiful
family resort, with two lar^e lidtels, twenty or mure tine cottai;"es, a lari;e
club house, a (ui\-ernment life sa\ing statiim, a steamboat landing and
trolley terminus and scmie iither buildinj^s. This municipality was incor-
jjorated in 1898 when a niayor. Ixiroui;]! council and other officials were elected.
Seventeen years ago 'Sir. M. S. Alcl'iillough, the founder and its first mayor,
purchased the greater portion of the land now comprised within the borough limits
and decided to convert the sand dunes into a first-class pleasure community.
Time has vindicated his judgment and the attractions, improvements and valua-
tions have increased amazingly. Intervening wastes are being rapidly developed,
a magnificent speedway built 1)\ the cunntx an<l this resort made a very promising
suburb of the older, larger and better known .\tlantic City at the northerly end
of the island.

Automobiles will soon be rivaling trolley cars between the ]iiiint and a
parade of pleasure and fashion revealed, unique along the coast, especially at night
when it will be brilliantly lighted by artificial suns.

The bathing beach and surf at Longpori is unsur]iassed. Sloping gradually
the shallow sands extend all the way around the Inlet point below where ves-
sels enter and leave the bay, and far up the lia\ shore where boats are always at
anchor.

In his first annual message to the borough council in April, 1898, ;\Iayor AI. S.
^IcCullough. concisel}" recited the historic facts of this budding resort. In 1882
Mr. McCullough purchased from James Long of Philadelphia, the entire area
below Twenty-fourth avenue to Great Egg Harljor inlet, then a primitive waste.
The first building erected was for a restaurant at Beach avenue and Sixteenth
street, which has since been removed.

The first great task was to level the sand hills and establish properly graded
streets and building sites. These sand dunes were so high then that the thorough-
fare could not be seen from the present site of the Aberdeen hotel.

Mr. McLullough made a careful study of the situation, noting the hard
smo(_ith beach along the ocean, the long port or harbor on the l)a_\- or thoroughfare,
the freedom from meadow land, the close proximity of Atlantic City, the grand
outlook over the sea and quiet waters of the bay and the landscape beyond, and
was deeply impressed by the ideal surroundings for a family resort. Building
lots were ofifered for sale and a special excursion train run from Philadelphia in
1883, reaching Longport from South Atlantic in carriages, a pleasant party that
became real estate owners and because permanently identified with the place.
The rosy forecasts made on that occasion have been more than realized long since.

The first to build cottages were Amos Dotterer and ^Irs. S. L. ( )berholtzer,
the first at Xinctcenth and the second at Seventeenth and Beach avenues. In 1884
(-47)

EICAL-TIFLI.

).\(;i'

lintel Al.rrck'cn.c.

,ilcl \va^ l.uilt and

\i,,L;ii>t 31. 1SS4.

■ present c

I'rof. J. 1'. Roniington and liis si
homes. The restaurant, now a iiari
date all who wished to cmhr-. 1
The first train entered Lnni^iMi
frequent motor trains were succeeded
with steamboat cnnnectiuns across the l)a\ lo ( icean
City and Soniers' i'oint.

Among- the events of 1SS4 was the nri^anization
of the Agassiz Associaticni for the pleasure and
benefits derived from the study of the aniiual and
vegetable life of the sea and the wild llnwers nf the
shore. The Oberholtzer family were the prime
movers in this event which culminated in the erection
of Natural Science Hall, which also served the \iuv-
poses of divine service and other meetings. In 1886
Mr. James Long built a beautiful cottage and made
it his siunmer home for several years. The Bay
\"iew Club erected their fine liuilding and have done
much to promote the best interests of Longport.

In 1895 Air. Fred lioice and sisters built and
have since successfully conducted Hotel Devon-
shire. Mr. A. H. Phillips became interested in
Longport in 1896, making large purchases and fine
improvements for himself and friends. He erected
a beautiful summer home which he has since occu-
jned and is building other cottages with the same
elegant and attractive features. While ]\Ir. Phillips
has disposed of the greater portion of his holdings
he is still largely interested in Longport.

Captain James B. Townsend, who conducts the
restaurant in the pavilion at the trolley terminus aiul
steamboat landing, has built a cottage for himself
and opened a store which is a great convenience. In
1895 the Longport Water and Light Company was
formed to obtain a water supply for all the in-
haljitants from an artesian well. The flow is so
abundant that for nine months in the year the sur-
plus is utilized as power for pumping.

Sanitary questions have been given proper
attention and street grades and surface drainage are
very satisfactory.

Longport borough was created by an act of the
legislature, March 7. 1898. and the t,,ll,,wing first
officials were elected April 3th, following: Mayor,

nungic
uldno

,ecured.
till the

350 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

;\I. Simpson McCullougli; councilmen, Arvine H. Phillips, Joseph P. Remington,
Samuel Stetzer, Wni. H. Bartlett and John R. JMinnick; assessor, Robert M.
Elliott; collector, James ]'>. Townsend; Justice of the Peace, J. P. Remington, jr.;
commissioners, W. W. Lamborn, Bolton E. Steelman, J. P. Remington, Jr.
Wiimer W. Lamborn was chosen borough clerk; Carlton Godfrey, solicitor; John
P. Ashmead, serveyor; M. McCoy, street supervisor and Daniel Yates, marshal.

]\Iore hotels and homes are on the list for the near future. Broad areas still
unoccupied will soon be covered with fine streets and cottages. New neighbors
bring greater ambitions for beautifying this ideal resort. Xothing can halt the
impetus of its steady progress.

BELL BUOY, ABSECON INLET.

Brigantine Beach.

tg^RIGANTIXE BEACH lias been known since the earliest times chietiv in
1^ giving a name to the famous Brigantine shoals or shallows on the coast
where many a vessel has struck bottom and become a total wreck.

In these later days this shoal beach has become famed for its excellent
surf bathing, its fishing grounds and as a rendezvous for sportsmen and others
who here find the retirement, solitiKle. relaxation and that peace which ])asseth all
understanding.

The resident population of lirigantine enables this coast village to be incor-
porated as one of Xew Jersey's smallest cities, containing two wards, a }ilavor and
City Council. Three hotels and fifteen or twenty cottage homes for citv sojourners,
several miles of graded streets, fre(|uent trolley cars, connecting with steamboats
across the bay, have during the past few years converted bleak and lonelv sandhills
into a very promising young sister of the Queen of ocean resorts, Atlantic City.
Brigantine possesses advantages which are regarded as blessings to those in quest
of a quiet, luxuriant retreat, far from the madding crowd. It has all the ad-
vantages of a great cit\- and inland town togetlier with the features that make
Atlantic City famous without any of the disadvantages of these places.

There is a restful, slumbrous air brooding over Brigantine that creates in-
sensibly a feeling of subdued pleasure that makes life one long holiday w hile the
view of the ocean and the consciousness that each respiration of health-invigor-
ating ozone, contributes to the general feeling of elasticity.

Brigantine is exclusive unto itself. Its limits have been carefully maintained
and those who look upon it as a paradise in which to escape the annovances of the
htated, bustling cities are numbered among the prominent of the nation.

Hon. M. S. Quay, who is credited with being a judge of what is pleasing, visits
Brigantine frequently and there finds solace for the harassing cares of state by
catching drumfish, and the late Congressman Harmer. of Philadeljihia, also had
a lovely cottage there.

Artesian wells furnish water as pure as the air in which ( )ld ( ilor\- rioats above
the highest building, while electric lights of many horse power make night as
brilliant as the brightest day.

Graveled streets that invite driving and cycling have been built through and
across the island.

Brigantine has recently awakeneil from l(.)ng time conservatism and ins])ired
by well-directed enterprise is taking on new life and is making commehdable
progress.

Its nearness to Atlantic Citv, its moderate cost of livin;:. its elegant hotel
accommodations make its natural features especially delightful to thousands of
people.

(351)

Sea Hii\

^L kind l(ir centuries. Ancient writers tell us of the periodic niit;ralicin (it aris-

tiicracx to the seashore at certain seasons, there to be restored and .-treniith-
ened fur more tryin,!:; times in the interior. Modern civilization is still leaniint^ the
same lessim. Physicians and families leave pleasant homes for renewed vi-or and
recuperation by the rolling waves. The purest air in nature is that found on the
high seas after traversing hundreds and thousands of miles of ])ure salt water, un-
contaminated by smoke, dust and the exhalations of cities Here it is that salt
mists and fogs clarify, purify, and ozonize vitalized air as only Mother Nature can
do. to present it later for man's sustenance. Sea air is so tempered 1)\ its sur-
roundings that in summer it is cooled by radiation from the cooler water tem-
perature and in winter warmed by the higher water temperature. Moisture is
also taken up by it and an infinitesimal percentage of salt. Some claim a trace of
iodine, but this is doubtful and can not be satisfactorily demonstrated. .Sea air is
alterative, but whether this is due to its sup|iosed iodine is doubthil.

Outside of an island in mid-ocean, .\tlantic City is probably located in the
best situation for pure sea air of any point on the Atlantic coast. To the late Dr.
Jonathan F'itney, of Absecon, is due the credit of first recognizing and presenting
the benefits of Atlantic City's ocean air and surroundings upon invalids. The
geographical location on an island of ]nire sand, five miles from the mainland and
twenty miles seaward of the head of tide water: at the point of a remarkable bend
in tlie coast line, thirty miles northeasterly from Cape May where the fresh waters
of the Delaware mingle with the sea and seventy miles from Xew ^'ork I)av where
the fresh water of the Hudson joins the ocean. Atlantic Citv is surrounded b\' a
body of salt water, uncontaminated by fresh water streams, and entirely free from
malarial or any other paludal poisons. In fact the sea and land breezes are both
uncontaminated and pure. The Gulf Stream tlows one hundred miles from our
shores and has a temperature of 80 I", in summer and 70 1\ in winter at this
point. This certainly tempers the sea air and surrounding waters so that in winter
Atlantic City is from ten to twenty degrees warmer than the interior, and ten to
twenty degrees cooler in summer. High winds are less frequent than at other
points on the coast, although sea air is always in motion. Sea air fixed w ith sea
fog is not injurious to most cases as it contains no noxious elements: is non-
irritant: and is quite equable in temperature.

The effects of sea air vary with the individual and conditions of health. The
two greatest effects are upon the nervous system and digestion. Coming from the
dense air of cities and the rarified air of high altitudes, respiration and heart action
are both lowered, at once reducing the consuming energy of the body and lessen-
ing waste. .Sea air being dense and ozone ladened increases the oxidizing iiciwer

■S-: (3.53)

of tlic blooil ami is nature's best rcnicily tor anoniia and inipoxrrislK-il hlooil. It
also assists nature in fighling the malarial parasite and will in time eliminate the
]ioison from the system in many cases. Malarious subjects frequently overload
their stomachs and overheat themselves when they first come here and sit and ride
in the cool air and bring on acute paroxysms, but if care is exercised the usual chill
can be escaped. One can also go out at night without danger of developing the
malarial poisons in the svstem if care is taken to avoid chilling and cold. Heart
diseases usually do better in sea air than at high altitudes as the work thrown nn
that organ is lessened and oxidation of the blood is so much better that imprdve-'
ment is the rule. Cardiac dropsy often improves from this cause.

Probably no cases are more benefited than convalescents from disease, and
those who have been debilitated, overworked, and confined to their nxinis and
offices and who need a change. Thousands come here and live under hygienic and
dietetic rules and improve rapidly. The effects of sea air are usuall}' stimulant at
first, and impart a sense of renewed vigor and tone. Appetite is increased and a
drowsy feeling is almost certain to come, which gives way to refreshing nights
sleep. Many business men in neighboring cities come to Atlantic City periodically
to get a full night's sleep and rest — a much wiser course than sleeping powders and
potions. Strumous and tubercidar children and adults will improve rapidly if they
live in the sea air and follow pro])er dietetic lines. Many such cases have been
apparently cured here. Tuberculosis in its early stao'es is amenable to treatment
in sea air and sunlight but when cases come to the shore they should invariably act
luider physicians' advice to gain most advantage. Consumption and other diseases
in their last stages are best at home and should not come to the shore, as they
rarelv get relief. Alany cases of bronchitis improve rapidly and are permanently
cured by sea air. There is less danger of pulmonary hemorrhage at sea level than
in high altitudes, owing to the fifteen pound to the square inch pressure and
density of the air at sea level, while at high altitudes the internal blood pressure is
so much greater at first than that of the air. For this reason some cases of emphy-
sema and asthma do best in Atlantic City. Hay fever will invariably disappear in
sea air, but when the land breezes come it may not do so well, even though the air
is filtered by the pines and affected some by the salt marshes and inland tidewater
salt lakes and bays. It is a mistaken idea to think that one can not catch cold at
the seashore. A person coming into the sea air with a cold will throw it off more
rapidly than in the interior. Some people cure their colds by sailing every day or
by living on the Boardwalk. Fresh air is the life of every one and when you come
to the shore do not come to live in close rooms and to be overloaded with clothing,
but come to live in the air and benefit by it. Hot close rooms are to be avoided at
the seashore as they are productive of colds and depression. Laryngitis and
catarrhal troubles do well in sea air if properly managed, but do poorly if smoking,
late hours, and carousing are encouraged. Acute lobar pneumonia is rarely seen
in Atlantic City but when it is its course is usually mild. Bright's disease and dia-
betes seem to do well if properly managed and taken in their first stages. Contrary
to the writings and opinions of some writers, many cases of eczema and skin

356 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

troubles improve perceptibly and are cured in sea air. This is particularly so in
young strumous children. Digestive disorders are very amenable to treatment in
sea air if patients will follow instructions; but if they follow the dictates of an over-
stimulated appetite they return home in worse condition.

The effects of sea air on neurasthenia and nervous dirorders vary considerably.
Most neurasthenics will do well in .Atlantic C"it\- in the fall, winter and spring
months, Ijut not so well in July and .\ugust. In the latter months the crowds are
so large and the nervous strain is too great unless in the quiet parts of the island.
Thousands of neurasthenics come to Atlantic City every year, live under strict
rules from their physician and improve. ]\Iany come on their own responsibility,
eat all Icinds of food, bathe indiscriminately, attend Ijalls and suppers, keep late
hours, and tjien wonder why the\- do Udt improve! Every physician here can
report numerous cures and phenomenal improvement in many cases. Sleepless
nights are forgotten and nerve tone improves. Many melancholic cases are aggra-
vated by sea air as it is too stimulant. The same is true of mania and insanity.
Hysteria may or may not be improved according to cause. Xervous cases may find
their first night or two restless and sleepless, but this period is rapidly followed by
soporific effects. This class of cases must be watched closely and forced to follow
certain strict rules if improvement is expected.

\\'ith Atlantic City at the very doors of Eastern and Western cities, a typical
sanatorium summer and winter, furnishing pure sea air and home comforts, and
possessing a Boardwalk second to none in the world, why go to the enervating
climates of the south? When the tonic, stimulant (sedative to some) and alterative
■ sea air is free to all, disease should no longer be neglected, when finance is not a
leading factor.

marine Jllgee,

nt l,dn„o- to t

he -r

\- nf tlioiii an

; SI) (

riatc, xve tlu-,

|-c'f( )n.

ss plants, liai

.-c 1)C

■tly niariiK- p

hints

'LM -Ml >X*', the many attraeti.ins of the seashore may lie ineln.le,] the sea llur;
9 I variously known as "sea moss," "sea weeils." and "marine al^ie." Ac

cording- to Professor W. ( i. l-'arlow the
Lichens, and sliould not be called "sea moss;'

beautiful that the name "sea weed" seems inap])roi:)riate, we therefore prefer ir
speak of them as algas.

The lowest order of the cryptosanis, or tie
into three classes, algs, fungi and lichens. All strictly marine plants belong to
the first of these three divisions.

.\lmost everywhere alonfr the -Atlantic and Pacific coasts some species of
algae may be found, excepting sandy beaches, devoid of rocks, idling or other foot-
hold, where there seems to be a dearth of them.

In the warmer waters of the Pacific ocean, along the coast of California, the
algae are less delicate in form, but are generally more brilliant in color than those
found on the -Atlantic coast, where they vary according to localitv as well as
according to season; some of the most beautiful and delicate in structure are found
in winter, and are not confined to the warmer climate, while the more Ijrilliant in
color appear in greater varietx- and abumlance along the middle and southern
coasts.

Marine algae seems to have but little commercial value. Chondrus crispus.
called Irish moss in .America, is used as an article of food, and makes a delicate and
excellent blanc mange. It is gathered in large quantities at Hingham. Massa-
chusetts, and other places on the .\'ew Pngland coast, and is l)leached before
sending to market.

Porphyra lacineata (Laver) is used 1)\ the Chinese employed in the shoe
factories of Massachusetts, who import it from China, but could obtain the same
species in great quantities in Massachusetts. Dulse is also used for culinary pur-
poses, much of it is imported, although it grows, in abundance, in our northern
waters. It is frequently seen in barrels in fruit and grocery stores, and is eaten,
principally by sailors and foreigners from seaport towns. In some sections, near
the coast, the coarser sea weeds are gathered and used as fertilizers, but nian_\-
farmers consider them almost worthless and do not use them.

Only three or four flowerless plants grow submerged in salt water, therefore,
w ith these few exceptions, the propagation of marine plants is by means of spores,
under the different kinds known as zoospores tetraspores, and o-o-spores.

By most botanists the classification of algae is on the basis of reproduction,
but Professor W. H. Harvey of Dublin has divided them into three classes dis-
tinguished by their color. Grass green algae, olive brown or green algae, and red
or purple algae running into brown or black. Of these three groups, grass green
(357)

MARIXI". ALC.AE. 359

is the lowest in oroanizatic m. 'I'Ik' ulva. or sea k'ttuce. fcmnd -row in- .m slidls,

stone or tufts of grass, hetwecn higii and Idw -water mark, is a g I and c-cmnnem

exani])le of tliis class of alg;e. 'I'hese are likely to fa<le and do ndt adlieie well in
paper when pressed and dried. Init are \ery interesting and xaluahle Un- the lierh-
ariiini. Although the bright green algse are generally found grnwing in the
shallow water, where they are left uncovered at the reeessicm of ilu- tide, sonu- (if
the most beautiful species belonging to this group are found l)elo\\ low-water
mark, as for instance, bryopsis plumosa (see figure i ), a |)lunK'-like pl.-mt of rich
dark color, growing from two to five or six inches high, and is \ery lieautifnl when
mounted and pressed.

The Cladophora. with thread-like branches, tufted with delicate green (figure
3) is another beautiful species belonging to this tlivision. and is found bekiw low-
water mark, attached to piling or brush.

The second in this division are the olive or brown green algse. Manx- more
species are contained in this class than in the first named, and they are of a higher
organization. The genus ectocarpus, alone, contains fifteen or eighteen species,
which are of hair-like fineness. They grow on fucus, eel-grass or piling between
high-water and below low-water water mark, and can be gathered from early
spring until June. The color is bright olive green and they are beautiful when
mounted on paper.

The third division consists of the red or purple algse. These are the highest
in regard to reproductive process, to structure and to color. The plants in this
division seek deeper water and are seldom found above low-water mark. The
collector will at once become interested in the rosy ribbon-like Grinnellia, named
in honor of Henry Grinnell. the philanthro])ist of Xew York. \\'e have but one
species, the Grinnellia Americana (see figure 11). It is a graceful plant as seen
floating on the undulating water or waving from its foothold on jutting rock or
piling. This species is biennial, attains a length of twelve or fifteen inches, and some
species measuring two feet have been found. It is abundant, and can be gathered
from early June to October.

Another very beautiful genus is the Dasya. only one species of which is com-
mon along this coast, the Dasya elegans (see figure 2). This is an irregularly
branched plant, growing from three or four inches to more than two feet long, ac-
cording to the depth of the holdfast, which may be above low-water mark or four
or five fathoms below. The color is rich dark purple, the branches are covered
with cilia, which gives the appearance of chenille, and is popularly called chenille
plant, being one of the few species of algs bearing a common or local name,

Polysiphonia is the genus most abundant in species of the red algae. In a
work prepared by J. G. Agardh, one hundred and twenty-nine species are reported.
About one-fourth of this number are found in American waters. The color of
these plants ranges between light purple, brown and black, — the red being con-
cealed in the darker shades. They grow on piling, rocks or fucus, in shallow
pools or in deep water. Some species are common in summer, and others, the
more robust, appearing in their prime late in the fall or in winter. The plants are

SEA ALGAE.

MAKIXI-; Al.CAK. 361

variable and sonietinu-v attain tlir Icnuth ni ci-littcn nr t\\int\ inclK-s, Snnic
species have a very lacy appearance when nionnted on jiaper and make heatnifnl
pictures for framing. An illustration of this genus is shown in i'i-iire X.

The genus Callithaninion, although the simplest in stnictme of the red alg;e,
is perhaps the most beautiful to the collector. We have about tweiUy-livc species
in our waters. They are widely distributed, are very abundant, many of them are
of cobweb fineness, brilliant in color and are common along the whole coast, de-
veloping a more rosy color in the warmer waters. \Mien seen lldalin- mh the
water some species look, and seem, like a mass of jelly, showing to the naked eye
no stem or branches, but with careful handling they can be transferred successfullv
CO paper and are very brilliant and attractive (see figure 6).

\'ery interesting plants belonging to the genus sargassuni, sargassum bacci-
ferum, and sargassum vulgare (see i and 2, figure 5) were found on the beach at
Longport in the fall of 1889, but have not since appeared on this coast. Professor
W. G. Farlow, in "Marine Algae of Xew England." says "Sargassum grows.
attached, in the West Indies where it fruits, and is found tloatitig in the ( hilf
Stream and in the so-called Surgasso Sea."

The list of beautiful species of algs is so great that only a few of the most
common can be noted here. The visitor, or dweller by the sea will find manv
more, quite as worthy of notice as these that have been named. The numher of
species found on the .\tlantic coast is not definitely known, hut over fift\- have
been collected at Longport, for their l)eauty alone, and many mure lia\e been
found by scientific collectors.

A pleasant and healthful recreation will l)e found in a walk along the beach,
when the tide is coruing in, bearing upon the surface of the water these grcicei'nl
and beautiful plants. To collect theiu is a \ery easy matter when water flows
gently as it does on the bay or Thoroughfare at Longport. The collector should
be provided with rubber boots or shoes, a long slender pole, smooth at the end,
so that the specimens may not be torn in reiuoving them, and a pitcher or pail
partly filled with salt water. It is not necessary to go into the water to secure the
algae, for the rolling waves will firing them to you on the shore, but if }ou are bent
upon making a scientific collection you will need a boat, and nuist luake a tour of
the Thoroughfare, seeking them along the wharves, the pilmg and the grassy
banks. Having made your collection for the day you will repair to your cottage
or room at your hotel, and there, in a basin of salt water, place your specimens, a
few at a time, let them float out, that you may choose the best, lift it carefully into
another basin of salt water, and ha\ing provided yourself with thick paper or card-
board, neatly cut (5x6, 6x8 and 7x9 inches are good size); you will take up one of
the cards, place it in the water beneath the specimen to be mounted, and w itli the
aid of a pointed instrument la lijng brass pin is very gooil) move the s])ecimen
into graceful form, when this is done to your satisfaction, gently raise your card
letting the water flow from it without disturbinu- your speciiuen, — this recjuires
practice as well as great care. When the water has drained ofif sufficiently lay your
card on a piece of absorbent paper (blotting paper is the best) which has been

362 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

previously placed upon a smooth board and covered with a piece of old muslin,
cover your specimen with a piece of old muslin, lay on another blotter, cover it
with muslin, as before and it is ready for your next mounted specimen when you
have mounted all that you desire to preserve, place a smooth board over your last
blotter and put a weight upon it. The weight must not be too heavy at first, — ten
or fifteen pounds of pressure would be sufficient for the first eight or ten hours, at
the end of that time take ofif the weights, carefully remove the wet blotters and wet
muslin, place your specimens between dry muslin and dry blotters, put a somewhat
heavier weight upon them and let them remain several hours or until the next
day, when they will be dry and firmly adhered to the card, and will fully repay you
for the time spent in taking care of them. Some of the coarser varieties of algae
require very heavy pressure to flatten them out and hold them to the paper, while
the finer specimens would be ruined by too great weight upon them. This can be
learned iinl\- by |)ractice.

A collection i )f algsc. made during a soj(jurn by the sea will be a beautiful
souvenir to carry to }'our home and a lasting pleasure to you.

MRS. M. S. McCULLOUGH.

marine Cife in the Sands,

seventy varieties uf shell tish. Some ui these are rare and hard to
find, and the collector, nnless he knows where to seek for them, w ill p.iss
them by; but many of these shells are easy to discover, and some df tlu-ni
are so mmierous that they are crushed under foot at every step upon the beach.

In abundance are found two little snails, the nassa obsoleta and nassa trivittata
(Fig. i). These little animals are very active, and not at all shy when kept in
confinement. They feed on other molusks. securing their game by perforating the
shells of their victims and sucking the mollusk through the hole. The "trivittata"
is seen on the sandy beach at low water, but far the greater nuniljer of specimens
found are empt}- shells that have been appropriated by a tiny hermit crab, and
whether he has secured his home by lawful conquest, or by borrowing or by theft,
may be an open question. The "obsoleta" prefers the quiet of the inlet waters and
is there found by the millions when the tide is out. It is a little scavenger, feeding
on dead crabs and molusks. In appearance it is not at all attractive, for specimens
over a year old are badly eroded, and are co\ered with a brownish green fungus.
The "trivittata" is quite a pretty little shell.

Two large snails are found on the beach quite frequently; the_\- are the "natica
heros" (Fig. 12) and "natica duplicata" (Fig. 13), In habit these animals are active
for snails, as they move with a good deal of rapidity. They are carniverous and
delight to feed upon the young tender sand clams, the shells of which they per-
forate. They hide in the sand, and often burrow deeply in searching for their
favorite food. They are easily distinguished from each other, for in the "heros"
the umbilicus is uncovered, while a large, thick lip partly covers it in the "du-
plicata."

The nidas, or egg, ribbon of this snail is made of sand, and does not look
unlike a collar. When held up to the light the eggs can be seen as transparent
spots.

Another little snail, the "L'rosalpinx cinerea" (Fig. 2), is found clinging to
the stones and piling in the inlet and bays. It is a sluggish little fellow and moves
at the proverbial snail's pace, when it moves at all. It is very careful in the manner
in which it deposits its eggs. I'or their safety it constructs little vases which it
firmly fastens to the under side of some overhanging ledge, and in this the eggs are
deposited. As the tide is falling a large number of these little snails can be
gathered in an hour's hunt.

Two large conchs, the "I-'ulgar carica," and ".^ycotxpus canaliculatus." were
at one time found in large quantities upon the beach, but these shells have been
sought after to such an extent in their deep water home, for use as garden orna-
ments and llower pots, that they are now comparatively rare. By the Indians they
(3G;{)

304 DAILY UXION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

were used as driiikiiif; cups, and the ceutral white spiral was made iuto wampum.
The egg cases of these conchs are formed of strings of cajisules. there being twenty
or more capsules in a string. They are found upon the beach during the latter
part of winter.

Adhering to stones or shells, especially the inside surface of small shells that
have lost their inhabitants, will be found the curii.nis "crepidula." Thi.s shell is
simply a liood. more or less flattened, in the end of which is placed a tiny "shelf."

£EA SHELLS.

The shell confuniis to the surface on which it rests, and the little animal attaches
itself to this surface by a strong muscle that has the power of suction. The "crepi-
dula ungiformis" (Fig. 6) is flattened and usually white, and it more frecjuently
found on the inside surface of other shells. The "crepidula fornicata (Fig. 5) is
larger, and deeper, and is usually found on the outside surface of shells or piled in
groups one upon another. The "crepidula" feeds upon sea weeds.

Another snail found upon the stones along the inlet is the "Littorina littorea"

MAK1X1-: LIFF. IX THI-: SAXUS. 3ii.-,

(Fig-. 31. It is a native of iiortluTn iuiniiic, ai-.d -tcius tn have lieeMiiu- nalurali/.eil
Upon the Xew England coast, and is rapidlv extending smitinvanl. Large num-
bers of them can be gathered at Idw -water an\ dav nn tlie stones that form the
break-water at the trolley station at Lnngimrt. They are voracious feeders, living
on sea weed, and are often gathered and distrilnited over oyster beds to free them
from troublesome weeds. These little "periwinkles," as they are called, are almost
amphibious, in fact some varieties will live for months out of water. In luirope
the periwinkle is eaten, 2.000 tons being sold annually in the cit\- of London.

The oyster ("Ostrea Virginica") is both native and cultivated in the waters
surrounding Atlantic City, and the shell is too well known to require illustration.
Frequently the shells, both living and dead are found almost honeycombed. This
is the work of a sponge, which is the greatest enemy of the oyster, frec|uent!y
entirely destroying the shell. Another enemy of the oyster is the star tish.

Of the clam, three varieties are found here in large numbers. ( )n the sandy
bottoms of the inlet lives the "venus niercinaria," the clam of commerce. The
shell is thick, heavy and hard, and was used by the Indians, they cutting it into
buttons and stringing them u]3on leather thongs for dress ornament and wampum.
The "mactra solidessima" is the large sand clam found so frequently upon
the beach. It is quite active for a clam, and hides itself inst beneath the
surface of the sand when the tide goes out. Frequently the shells of the younger
clams are found with a smocjthly cut hole, a quarter of an inch in diameter, near
the hinge. This is the work of one of the snails already mentioned. These clams
are also eaten by the star fish.

The third clam, the "mya arcnaria," is found in large numbers on the nmd
banks on the meadows. It is known as the soft shell or sweet clam, and is
much prized as an article of food. It is very active, and can burrow^ into the sand
or mud quickly. Unlike the other clams it has its home, which is simply a hole a
foot or more deep in the sand or mud. At high tide it comes to the mouth of its
hole to feed, but as the tide goes out. it retires to the bottom. The "mactra" buries
itself when the waves leave it. the "venus" wanders about cin the bottom of the
inlet and bays, but the "mya" seldom leaves its home.

The "solen ensis," or "razor fish," is sometimes called the "razor clam" (big.
7). Its home is on sandy bottoms, and the dead shell is frequently found upon the
beach. He who would secure a live specimen must be a careful collector, for the
"ensis" is very strong and very quick in its motions. When fi umd half sticking out
of the beach, it will require a grasp almost strong enough to crush the shell to pull
it out of its hole, if indeed one can approach near enough to grasp it, for the
jarring of the sand by an approaching step will give it warning of pending danger,
and quick as a flash it is gone. It will then be almost useless to dig for it, as it can
burrow faster than one can dig. The razor is also a swift swinuuer, or rather has
the power of leaping through the water.

The "pholas costata" (Fig. 14) is a burrowing shell fish sometimes found upon
the beach. It will perforate clay, wood, and even soft rock, the burrows being
vertical, and though thev may be very close together, seldom does one burrow

EDWARD S. LEE.

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After a strong southwest wii
delicate and beautiful ])urple shell.
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home is far below low-water mark, and live specimens are difficult to secure.

Another deep-water specimen that is hard to secure alive is the "siliquaria
gibba" (Fig. 8). It is a second cousin to the "razor" and about as active.

The "mytilus edulis" (Fig. 9) and "modioal plicatula" ( big. 1 1 1 are two nuis-
sels constantly met on the beach. The home of the "mytilus" during the first
months of its life is deep water, but at the end of the first year it is found between
the tides, or just below low-water fastened together or to large stones or piling by
a strong thread that the animal spins. The "modiola" is found upon the mud
banks of the meadow or on the beach, it too spins a thread or byssus. .\ deep
water modiola is often found attached to the "devil's apron," a sea weed that is
thrown upon the beach by heav\' storms.

SEA SHELLS.

6enealooical llntro^uction.

X'C. , ,. "' 'T^ ' '"'^ HISTORY of ;my comnniiiity is largx-ly the story of its leading fami-

"*"" ■' ' '"-■^- For nearly two centuries the white man has been enjoying the great

natural privileges of the ocean, bays, rivers, forests, and climate which
made South Jersey previously a paradise for the red man.

In our day it seems strange enough that catching whales in small boats along the
coast was the nourishing occupation that brought hither from Long Island and New
England some of the first Sculls, Sonierses. Adamses, Conovers, and Doughtys. The first
Clarks came from Connecticut, the first Sculls, Leeds, Penningtons and Endicotts from
England, the first Frambes and Boices from Holland, the first Bryant from Scotland, the
first Richards from Wales. Great have been the industrial changes during these generations.

Catching the leviathan of the deep for his "oyl and bone" is now only a memory; the
wild birds of the bays are no longer an important element as a food supply of the residents;
fish and oysters in the bays have been vastly decimated, the iron industry of the swamps has
disappeared and the timber and ship building interests have nearly vanished and changed
the occupations of a people whose ancestors served their day and generation well and made
interesting history. The writer has endeavored to gather from all available sources the
records of as many of the old time families as possible, having been generously assisted by
the willing hands of some, the printed works of a few, the accessible purse of many appre-
ciative citizens, who have made this work possible, and to the retentive memories and the
family bibles of others.

Whatever slight imperfections may be found, we are confident that the result of these
researches will be appreciated by many who are rightly proud of their family lineage and
whose encouragement has been of great assistance in compiling this work.

0ft»fili<O(r^

ALBERTSON FAMILY.

As early as 1647, the name Albertson is mentioned in O'Callahan's Register of New-
Netherlands. Jan Albertson, wife and six children, came from Stemeyck, Holland, before
1650. In 1663 Jan Albertson, his wife and one child, were killed by the Indians. The regis-
ter above mentioned records that William Albertson. son of Jan, received a commission as
a soldier in 1653.

1. William Albertson, the founder of the New Jersey family of Albertsons, resigned his
commission as soldier, having become converted to the religion of Friends, and, JMay 2,
1682, located a large tract of land in Newton township, Gloucester County. N. J., lying
between the south and middle branches of Newton creek. The house that he built stood
by the middle branch of said creek and nearly fronting the little settlement called Newton
by those first settlers. William, as before stated, was a Friend, being one of the first trustees
of Newton Meeting, established 1681. This trust was continued until 1708, when younger
men were needed to continue the same, to wit: March 7, 1708, Benjamin Thackara and
William Cooper, of Gloucester County, N. J., and William Albertson, the elder, late of
Newton, in Gloucester County, N. J., but now of Byberry, Bucks County, Pa., as Trustees
of Friends Meeting at Newton, conveyed said property to Thomas Sharp, John Kaighn,
and Joseph Cooper, as trustees, etc. (Sharp's Book, p. 30. Surveyor General's Office. Bur-
lington, N. J.) A man of estate and ability in the community, William (i) was returned in
1685 as a member of the Colonial Legislature, and also held other minor county and town-
ship offices. December 16, 1688. he located a tract of land in Gloucester township, on a
branch of Timber creek, called Otter branch. This property he bequeathed by will, 1709,
to his son Josiah, June i, i6g8. William (i) conveyed his land in Newton township to his
son William, and soon after this removed to Byberry. on the Poquessink creek, Bucks
County, Pa. Here he purchased large properties, consisting of mills and lands, some of
which formerly belonged to Walter Forrest. In 1692 he purchased of Andrew Robeson a
tract in Gloucester County. He died at Poquessink in 1709, leaving a will, proved January
17, 1709, in which he mentions his wife Hannah, seven children, and his son-in-law. Jervis
Stoddale. William married Hannah Druit. daughter of Morgan Druit. Hannali Druit Al-
bertson transferred her certificate from .Abington
children were:

2. Benjamin, m. Sarah Walton. 3. Cassandr
24 (369)

Philadelphia meeting, in 172
Joshua Walton. 4. Josiah,

Their

1^^

LEVI C. ALBERTSON.

AL15F.KTS()X l-AMII.W 371

Austin. 5. Ami. d. 1O96: 111., first, Walter Forrest; vce.ind. JmIu, Kai^ilin. 1094. 6. William,
d. 1720; m. Esther WUlis. 7. Abraham, m. Mannali Medctt. S. Kebeoca. 111. Joseph .Sat-
terthwaite. 9. Daughter, m. Jervis Stoddalc.

2. Benjamin Albertson m. Sarah Walton. They had: 10. William. 11. Jacr.b ij.
Josiah, b. 1741; d. 1827; m. Ann Chew. 13. Benjamin, m. Susannah Shoemaker. 14. Mar-
niaduke. 15. Chalkley. 16. Hannah, m. Hamilton. 17. Sarah, m. Constantine l-"ord.

4. Josiah Albertson inherited from his father, William (1), the place on Timber creek.
Gloucester township, where his house was built in 1743. This house is still standing, being
occupied by a brother of John J. Albertson, the present Camden County engineer and road
builder. Josiah m. Ann Austin. They had: 18. Hannah, b. 1728; ni. Jacob Clement. 1747.
19. Mary, b. 1730. 20. Cassandra, b. 1732; m., first, Jacob Ellis; second, Jacob Burrough.
21. Elizabeth, b. 1734. 22. Patience, b. 1736; ni. Isaac Ballcnger. 23. Josiah, b. 1738; m.,
first, Eleanor Tomlinson; second, Judith Boggs. 24. Sarah, b. 1740; m. Samuel Webster.
25. Heturah, b. 1743: ni. Isaac Townsend. 26. Ann, b. 1743; m., first, Ebenezer Hopkins;
second, Jacob Jennings.

6. William Albertson, d. 1720; m. Esther Willis. They lived on the place at Ne\vt...n.
Children were: 27. John. 28. Abr.aham; m. Sarah Dennis, 1742. 29. William. 30. Jane.
31. Mary. 2-- Esther.

12. Josiah Albertson. b. 1741; d. 1827; m. Ann Chew. Tliey had: a. Sarah, b. March
7, 1767. 34. Mary, b. October 12. 1768; m. John Ware. 35. Josiah. b. October 12, 1770; d.
October 4. 1859; m. Elizabeth Mattox. 36. Nehemiah, b. July 4, 1773; m., first. Sarah

McCarty; second, Rhoda Downs. 37. Rebecca, b. June 4, 1775; m. Strang. 38. Aaron,

b. September 16, 1777; m. Margaret Overleift. 39. Thomas, b. April 7, 1779; m. Ann
\\'elden. 40. Hannah, b. }klarch, 1782; ni. Thomas Strang.

23. Josiah Albertson, b. 1730; m., first, Eleanor Tomlinson. They had: 41. Hannah,
b. 1760: m., first, Samuel Glover: second, Paul Troth. 42. Isaac, b. 1768: d. 1774. 43. Jnhn,
b. 1771; m. Ann Pine. 44. Josiah, b. 1774; d. 1777. 45. Mary, b. 1776: d. 1777.

i2s) Josiah, b. 1730; ni.. second, Judith Boggs. They had: 46. Marv, m. Thomas
Gaskill.

28. Abraham Albertson lived in Gloucester, Newton township; m. Sarah Dennis, 1742.
They had: 47. Isaac, m. Deborah Thorn, 1761, 48. Jacob, m. Patience Chew, 1731. 49.
Abraham, m. Sarah Albertson, 1764. 50. Ephraim, m. Kesiah Chew, daughter of Thomas
Chew. 1741. 51. Joseph, m. Rose Hainpton, 1743. 52. Aaron, m., first, Elizabeth Albert-
son. 1756; m.. second, Margaret Wells, 1765. 53. Levi, m. Keziah Roberts. 1756. 54. Jona-
than, lived at Penn's Xeck, Salem County. 55. Rebecca, m. Beverly. 56. Daughter.

m. Richard Chew.

35. Josiah Albertson, b. October 12, 1770. Lived at Blue Anchor, Camden County.
\. J. He married Elizabeth ^Mattox. They had: 57. Sarah, b. November 15. 1797; m.
Joseph E. Lippincott. 58. Ann, b. October 10, 1799: m. James Kellum. 59. David, b.
January 18, 1801: m. Rebecca Evans. 60. Eliza, b. August 10, 1802; m. Isaac W. Jcssup.
61. Mariah, b. November 2. 1804; m. Cornelius Till. 62. John, b. December 12, 1806; un-
married. 63. Rebecca, b. October 24. 1808: m. John C. Shreve. 64. \Mlliam. b. February
II, 1811; d. 1811.

54. Jonathan Albertson. son of Abraham Albertson and Sarah Dennis, lived at Penn's
Neck, now near Pennsgrove, near the Delaware, in Salem County. His children were: 65.
Abraham. 66. Levi, b. 1776; d. 1822; m. Pheba Simpkins, September 3. 1810.

66. Levi Albertson. b. 1776, at Pennsgrove, Salem County, N. J. He was a shoemaker
by trade. He removed to Gloucester County and married Pheba Simpkins, September 3,
1810. They had: 67. Jonathan, b. November 3, 181 1; d. May 28, 1888: m., first, Elizabeth
Mathis, February 7, 1835; m., second, Asenath Collins, July 17, 1841. 68. Millie, b. Sep-
tember 28, 1813. 69. David, b. January i, 1817; d. November 2, 1817. 70. Levi. b. Septem-
ber 15, i8i8; d. August 20, 1856. 71. Pheba B., b. March 4. 1821.

372 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

67. Jonathan Albertson, b. November 3, 181 1, was a shipcarpentcr. He came to Smith's
Landing when about 16 years of age. Married, first, Elizabeth Mathis. They had: 72.
Pearson Smith, b. December 4, 1835; d. June 20, 1837. 73. Jethro Vansant, b. June 17, 1837;
m. Mary EHzabeth Rislcy.

(67) Jonathan married, July 17, 1841, second, Ascnath Collins, daughter of Levi Collins
and Asenath Lake. They had: 74. Levi Collins, b. December 6, 1844; m. Elizabeth Leeds,
October i, 1868.

75. Elizabeth IMathis, b. July 2, 1846; m. May Humphreys, November 14, 1878.

76. John Collins, b. September 15, 1848; m. Julia Townsend Young, November 27, 1871.
■jj. Daniel Lake, b. July i, 1851; m. Eliza V. Endicott, November 22, 1871.

73. Jethro Vansant Albertson, b. June 17, 1837, served in the war of the rebellion,
First Lieutenant Company "B," 25th New Jersey Volunteers; mustered out December 22,
1862, on account of injuries received. Married Mary Elizabeth Risley. She was the
daughter of John Risley and Sophia Smith. They had: 78. Henry Risley, b. September 21,
1854: ni. Amanda S. Furey. 79. Richard Risley, b. October 22, 1857; m. Adelina Steelman.
80. Jonathan, b. November 23, 1859; d. December 28, 1859. 81. Elfrida, b. October 13, i860;
d. September 20, 1862. 82. Ulric Dahlgren, b. March 17, 1864; m. Elizabeth Guttridge,
December 24, 1885. 83. Cora Murphy, b. August 20, 1870. 84. William Henry Christie, b.
January 27, 1872; ni. Anna M. Thornley, April 30, 1894. 85. Casper, b. August 25, 1873; d.
November 25, 1873. 86. Sidney, b. September 19, 1878.

74. Levi Collins Albertson, b. December 6, 1844, at Smith's Landing, N. J., served in
Civil War, September 6, 1864, to June, 1865; Postmaster of Atlantic City from February,
1872, to May, 1886; also 1890 to 1894. He married Elizabeth Leeds, daughter of John Leeds
and Hannah Webb, October l, 1868. They had: 87. Gertrude, b. April 2, 1871. 88. Casper,
b. July 10, 1872; d. September 30, 1873. 89. Myra, b. February 26, 1878.

76. John Collins Albertson, b. September 15, 1848; m. Julia Townsend Young, Novem-
ber 27, 1871. daughter of Somers Corson Young and Elizabeth Corson. They had: 90.
Nicholas Burton, b. December 14, 1875; m. Mary Jane Walton, June 20, 1899. 91. Eliza-
beth May, b. November 8, 1877.

■jj. Daniel Lake Albertson m. July i, 1851; m. Eliza Vaughan Endicott, November 22.
1871, daughter of William Endicott and Elizabeth Vaughn. They had: 92. William Endi-
cott, b. October 22, 1872; m. Mary Virginia Pierson. 93. Lylburn Curtis, b. February 3, 1883.
94. Charles Cleare, b. May 9, 1894.

78. Henry Risley Albertson, b. September 21, 1854; m. Amanda Furey. She was the
daughter of Robert L. Furey and Elizabeth Ann Smick. They had: 95. Ella Furey, b.
September 18, 1873. 96. Elizabeth Rankin, June 23, 1884.

79. Richard Risley Albertson. b. October 22. 1857; m. Adelina Steelman, September
30, 1878, daughter of Benjamin Steelman and Margaret Frambes. They had: 97. Richard
Warren, b. May 14. 1879. 98. Clarence, b. Noveinber 3, 1881. 99. Alice, b. January 17, 1885.
100. Earnest, b. August 19, 1887. loi. Jessica, b. July 2, 1891.

83. Cora Murphy Albertson, b. August 20, 1870; m. Harry Clayton, April 8, 1896, son
of Enoch Clayton and Catherine Risley. They had: Arthur J., b. June 7, 1897. Dahlgren
S., b. March 18, 1899.

84. William Henry Christie Albertson, b. January 27, 1872; m. Anna Thornley, April
30, 1894, daughter of William Thornley and Sarah Shibe. They had: 102. Mary Elizabeth.
b. July 19, 1895.

92. William Endicott Albertson. b. October 22, 1872; m. Mary Virginia Pierson. daugh-
ter of Robert Allen Pierson and Mary Margaret Fisher. They had: 103. Franklyn Adams,
b. November 25, 1896. 104. Walter Earl, b. November 22, 1899.

BABCOCK FAMILY. 373

BABCOCK FAMILY.

For many years the Babcock family has been one of the best known in Atlantic County.
The house is still standing close to the bank of Great Egg Harbor River where Joseph
Babcock and Esther Giberson reared a family of twelve children. She was born in the
year 1800 and he was a few years her senior. Their home was near Catawba, then quite
a promising town of a dozen houses, a blacksmith shop, store, church, and other build-
ings where now only a weather-worn chapel stands in a second growth of woodland.

Just above Catawba was Thompsontown, where was a school house, several fine farms
and large peach orchards and a distillery where peach brandy was made. Joseph Bab-
cock was a farmer and dealer in wood and timber, kept a store, employed men and teams
lumbering before forest fires had denuded valuable areas. In his own vessels he carried
to New York wood, charcoal and lumber to exchange for supplies and for years was pros-
perous. After his death, about 185a, the widow became the second wife of Absalom Cor-
dery, Sr.. of Absecon, where she passed the last years of her life, dying about 1864.

The several sons early became familiar with the business of their father and most of
them accumulated fortunes as seafaring men.

The Babcock children were:

1. Jonathan, who married .^ner Boice. They liail tliree children. Peter and Laura
and Emily, late wife of Peter Reed, of .\bsecon.

2. Job married Anna E. Cordery. of Absecon. both deceased.

,^. Hannah, who married Irving Lee, who for twenty years was the miller of the
famous old grist mil! at Bargaintown. They moved to Atlantic City in 1864 to reside
permaKently. He died March 2. 1900. They had eight children, four of whom are living:
Joseph, who lives in Washington, D. C; William, at Absecon; Mrs. Joseph G. Reed, at
Ocean Grove, N. J., and JNIrs. William Ridgeway. of Atlantic City. John was lost at
sea about 1S76. Reuben died in Baltimore in 1895. Job died in Philadelphia in 1893. and
Ella died when quite young, from the results of an accident.

4. Amy married Aaron Frambes. Both are deceased. They had four children: Esther.
wife of Steelman Tilton; Maggie, wife of Jonathan Joslyn: John B. and Corena. wife of
Tilton Eoice.

5. John married Harriet Steelman. Both are deceased. They had one child. Mrs.
Deborah Tuen, of Sonier's Point.

6. Joseph W. married Mrs. Hannah Smith, nee Hickmon and lives at English Creek.
Their only child, Frank Babcock, was lost at sea in i8g8.

7. Reuben married EliEabeth. daughter of the late Enoch Cordery. of .•\bscc(>n, wliere
they reside.

8. Esther married Baker Doughty. They live at .Absecon and have three children:
Baker, who married Ella Ireland: Joanna and Fraley, who is a member of the Board of
Chosen Freeholders.

9. Sarah married Capt. Samuel Price, who died in 1878. They had five children:
Loiiella, Emma, who married .Albert Newman; Hettie. who married Horace Xewnian;
William and Fred. The two last are deceased.

ID. Abel married Lida. daughter of the late Felix Leeds. They live at .Absecon and
have two children : Charlotte and Reuben, Jr.

II. Aimira married first Richard Garwood and lived at Bargaintown. They had five
children: William, who married Lenora Steelman; Aura, who married Somers Leeds;
Charles, who married Mabel Potter; Margaret, who married Robert Race, and Richard,
who married Maggie Boice. Aimira married second. Isaac Collins, and lives at Smith's
Landing.

IJ. Lewis married .Annie, daughter of the late .Absalom Doughty, of .\bsecon. and
lived at Haddonfield at the time of his death. They had three children; Walter. Mary
and Lewis. Jr.

WILLIAM G. BARTLETT.

BARTLKTT FAM1L\\

BARTLETT FAMILY.

During or soon after the Ke\ ..lution. uiic OMvaUl Good LSartlctt. a Gcrnum soldier.
engaged in farming on the seaward side of the shore road at Pleasantville. He died about
1836. and is remembered a> ..ne ><i the first German citizens of this county. He married
and raised a family of five children; (_>) David Good. (3) John Good. (4) .Mcxandcr Gnnd.
(5) Nancy, (6) Eliza.

The oldest son. David Good Bartlett. lived at Cooper's Point. Camden, lor several
years, and later settled down as a farmer near the Mount Pleasant Church, at Pleasantville.
The old house is still standing where he raised a family of seven sons. His wife was Mar-
garet Jones, a native of the county. The seven sons were: (7) William Good. b. November
3, 1820. d. June 15, 1896; (8) Henry Good, (9) Alexander Good, (10) John Good, fii)
Joseph Good, (12) Lewis Good, and Enoch Good. The last three are still living,

(7) William Good Bartlett was born at Cooper's Point, in Camden, and lived there
till his father moved to Pleasantville. As a young man he was noted for his energy and
business enterprise. When twenty years of age he engaged in the oyster business, in which
later he reaped a fortune. He went into the woods and cut the timber to build a boat, a
sloop yacht, the Essex, in which he carried oysters and clams to New York. In those days,
before railroads, the products of the bays were also hauled in wagons extensively over sandy
roads to Philadelphia. Young Bartlett often came to this island with beach parties on a
day's picnic for surf bathing, when the only bath houses were the groves and IkiHous aniung
the sand hills.

In 1848, William G. married .\rnienia. daughter of Daniel Lake and Sarah .Ann Tilton.
About that time he engaged in the oyster commission trade in Philadelphia, which he con-
tinued till near the close of his life. For yea?s he received and sold all the products of
Atlantic County bays and elsewhere that were sent to him. As soon as the building of
the first railroad was proposed, in 1853, he secured space near the Vine street wharf, and
there prospered greatly for many years. He was one of the first to come to this island with
the first railroad, buy land, build houses and stores and share in the various enterprises
and successes that followed. He paid $800 for the lot wdiere the Atlantic City National Bank
has been, and other lots later in that locality. In T857 he started the ice business, wdiich
is still continued by his estate. About the same time he started the first market house
on this island. In 1869 he built Bartlett's market building, in which Charles Hotz con-
ducted business many years.

In 1870 Mr. Bartlett succeeded John Cordery. of Absecon. as lessee of the street car
system on Atlantic avenue. He paid the railroad company $500 a year each for the privi-
lege of operating four cars drawn by mules over the steam car tracks, between the Inlet
and the old Seaview Excursion House at the ocean end of Missouri avenue. Fares were
ten cents. There were no tickets nor gongs nor any regular schedule for the cars, which
had to stop when trains were on the track and which waited for loads at either end. Fare
was not exacted of local people, but visitors made that mule tramway profitable.

In 1875, when the railroad company demanded $1,000 rental for each car, Mr. Bartlett
gave it up and became one of the incorporators of the Passenger Railway Company. Asso-
ciated with him were Alexander Boardman, Joseph A. Barstow, Henry L. Elder, Joseph
H. Borton, D. C. Spooner and Horace Whiteman. This company was organized at
Schaufler's Hotel, April 13, 1874. City Council had given the new company a right, by
ordinance, to lay tracks on Pacific, New Hampshire, Michigan and Ohio avenues. Tracks
were laid by strategy in the night over the disputed territory between North Carolina and
Massachusetts avenues, and the ties still lie buried in the street. An injunction, secured
by Andrew K. Hay, stopped the work and the railroad company operated its own mule
cars and later its trolley cars without ever having any franchise except for steam railroad
purposes.

In 1865. Mr. Bartlett engaged in the shipbuilding business in Canulcn and was very

376 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

successful. During the war, when vessel property was very profitable, Mr. Bartlett was part
owner of twenty vessels. He disposed of his interests in the shipyard in 1885.

In 1881 he erected the first large brick building in this city for a bank. Until 1887 he
made Atlantic City his summer home only, continuing to live in Philadelphia.

He was the father of twelve children, all but one of whom are living.

BOICE FAMILY.

1. William Boice came from Holland to Poughkeepsie, New York, with two brothers,
about 1755. He left his brothers. Daniel and Mathew, and came to Absecon, about 1760,
married Priscilla, daughter of Levi Price, of Bakersville, and followed the occupation of
farming, buying a large tract of land near the creek in Absecon.

There were seven children: 2. Peter; 3. William; 4. John; 5. Hannah; 6. Meriche;
7. Kate; 8. Sarah.

2. Peter, b. 1764, m., first, Rachel, daughter of Peter Frambes, and d. 1849. He was
a farmer and lived where his great grandson, Fred Boice, Jr., now lives. He later built
the house now occupied by the employes of the Atlantic City Water Works.

They had four children: 9. Mary; lo. Richard; 11. Peter; 12. William.
He m., secondly, Sarah, widow of Mark Risley, nee Scull. They had four children:
13. Richard; 14. Ebenezer; 15. Angeline: 16. David.

3. William Boice m. Leah Steelman and had two children: 17. Leah, who m. Absalom
Barrett, and 18. Peggy, who m. Townsend Risley.

4. John, b. December 26, 1774. d. December 30, 1865, lived in Absecon; m. Sarah
Champion and had five children: 19. Rebecca, who m. Jerry Conover; 20. Priscilla, who m.
John Hackett; 21. Sophia, who m. Peter Hackett; 22. Hannah, who m. Allen Jefifers; 23.
Anna Maria, who ni. James Risley.

5. Hannah, m. Reeves.

6. Meriche m. David Smith and had four children: 24. Absalom, who m. Leah Har-
man; 25. Feli.x, who m. Sylvia Conover; 26. Sophia, who m. Noah Adams; 27. Polly, who
m. John Risley.

7. Kate m. Diah Samson and had eleven children: 28. Joseph; 29. Daniel; 30. Thomas;
31. Sarah; 32. Diah; 33. Delilah; 34. Hannah; 35. Elizabeth; 36. Priscilla; 37. Rebecca;
38. Mary.

8. Sarah m. Joshua Adams and had seven children: 39. Ryon; 40. Peter; 41. W. Boice;
42. Richard; 43. Katie; 44. Mary: 45. Sarah Ann.

9. Mary. b. 1801, d. 1880, m., first, James Risley, and had three children: 46. Mary;
47. Judith; 48. Rachael. Married, secondly. Risley Adams and had two children: 49.
Phoebe; 50. James.

10. Richard, b. 1803, drowned at sea.

11. Peter, b. December 23. 1805; d. August 30, 1892; m. Sarah Ann, daughter of Wil-
liam and Sarah Chamberlain. She was b. December 17, 1807; d. September 6, 1880. They
were m. in 1823 and lived on the farm north of Absecon all their lives. They had twelve
children: 51. Aner S.; 52. Rachael; 53. Henry; 54. Frederick C. ; 55. John; 56. Rebecca;
57. Enoch C. ; 58. Ezra C. ; 59. Hannah Ann: 60. Enoch C. ; 61. Sarah Ann, 62. Anna
Mary, twins.

51. Aner S.. b. August 20, 1825; m. Jonathan Babcock and liad three children: 63.
Emma C, who died March 31, 1898; 64. Peter, b. ; 65. Laura A.

52. Rachael, b. August 17, 1827; d. September 30, 1866; m. James Dunham in Phila-
delphia; d. September 8, 1880. They had four children: William. James. John W., Howard.

53. Heny, b. December 8, 1829; d. March 19. 1899; m. Kate, daughter of Jonathan

BOICE FAMILY. 377

and Eunice Smith, December 21, i&bg. She d. Xovember j8. 1S88. They had one clnld.
66. Elizabeth Clement, who married Clarence Doughty Nourse.

54. Frederick C, b. February 8, 1832; d. November 5, 1889: m. Sarah Scull, daughter
of Thomas and Sarah Ann Irelan, August 11, i860. They had eleven children: 67. Es-
tella; 68. Willanna; 6g. Lena; 70. Frederick C: 71. Lorine; 72. John, b. April 3, 1871, d.
August 29, 1871; 73. Frank, b. May 9, 1874, d. March 30, 1874: 74. Tliomas, b. March 7,
1875, d. July 20, 1876; 75. Rachael D.; ;6. Henry; 77. Howard, b. December 25, 1882; d.
July 20, 1883.

67. Estella m. James B., son of J. Towers and Eleanor ]\L Townsend, June 4, 1885,
and live at Longport. They had two children, James Stanley and Eleanor Melissa.

75. Rachael D. m. Valdemar Emil, son of Stein and Mary Edwards, and lives in
Bridgeton.

55. John, b. May 14, 1834, m. Hannah Ann, daughter of Daniel and Maria Tilton,
April 12, 1861, and had five children: 78. Daniel Tilton; 79. Cora; 80. Leira, b. November
8, 1866, d. January 10, 1871; 81. John, Jr., deceased; 82. Peter Harlan.

78. Daniel Tilton Boice m. Amy Corena, daughter of .^niy and Aaron Frambes, June
6, 1899. and lives in Absecon.

79. Cora m. Harry L., son of David and Abigail Conover. September 12, 1888. ami
live in Absecon. They have one child: Leira Boice Conover.

56. Rebecca, b. August 31, 1836; d. April 3, 1837.

57. Enoch C, b. February 25, 1838; d. October 25, 1843.

58. Ezra C, b. April 16, 1840, lives in Absecon.

59. Hannah Ann, b. November 3, 1842; m. Charles E., son of Benj. and Mary Jack-
son, deceased, December 18, 1867, lived in Camden. They had two children: Harry B. and
Ella B. Jackson.

60. Enoch C, b. November i, 1844; d. March 22, 1899; m. Maggie, daughter (jf William
Good and Armenia Lake Bartlett. They had four children: 82. Armenia; 83. Edna; 84.
Helen; 85. Enoch Lee, born November 21, 1887; d. March 29, 1888.

61. Sarah Ann, b. June 16, 1849; m. Isaac A., son of Joseph and Priscilla Lee, Novem-
ber 18, 1886, and lives in Camden.

62. Anna Mary, twin sister of Sarah Ann, m. Israel G. Adams, June 23. 1887.

12. William, b. June 26, 1898; d. August 13, 1869; m. Leah Robinson, June 8, 1839.
She d. August 15, i86g, and was buried the same day, a double funeral. They had 13
children: 86. James S. ; 87. Wesley S.; 88. Arabella; 89. Rachael; 90. Silas; 91. Harriett;
92. Reasin R.; 93. Peter; 94. William; 95. Macajah C; 96. Lemuel C. ; 97. Argereene; 98.
Frederick.

86. James S., b. April 6, 1840; d. May 18, 1898; m. Sarah Price. They had three chil-
dren: 99. Mark P.; 100. Narcia; loi. Sarah, who m. Geo. McKeague.

99. Mark P. m. Sarah Blakley. They had two children: 102. Leroy M.; 103. James
Alton.

87. Wesley S., b. June 29, 1841; m. Josephine S. Adams, December 20, 1871. They had
one child, James Ellis, b. April 10, 1882.

88. Arabella, b. January 21, 1843; m. John Showell, September 12, 1864. They had
two children, Sarah A., and Mary B.

89. Rachael, b. July 2, 1844; m. Ephraim Connelley, December 25, 1864. They had
six children: 104. David S., b. September 16, 1866, d. October 23. 1867; 105. Leah W.;
106. Narcia; 107. Abigail; 108. Lorine; lOg. Japhet T., b. .August 8, 1888; d. June 6, 1898.

90. Silas, b. September 13, 1846; m. Mary L. Reeves, November 2, 1869. They had
seven children: no. William; in. Leabetta, b. .August 22, 1872. d. November 16. 1879;
112. Thompson; 113. Katie, b. February 21, 1877; 114. Rachael; 115. Oscar; n6. Sinclair.

no. William m. Caroline Lake, .^pril 22. i8gi. They had three children: Irwin,
Leahetta and Rebecca.

378 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

92. Reasin R., b. April 10, 1849; 111. Mary Ann Conover, They liad three cliildren:
117. Ehiiira; 118. James S. ; iig. Mayme.

117. Elmira m. John W. Mathews. They had three children: Viola, Hattie and Olive.

118. James S. m. Hattie Holmes. They had one child, Marvie.

119. Mayme m. Burroughs Crowley, no children.

93. Peter, b. March 8, 1851; drowned at Ocean City, November 14, 1885; m. Ira Lasliley,
March i, 1882. They had two children: Somers and Carrie.

94. William, b. December 6, 1852; m. Jemima G. Conover, August 21, 1878. Tliey had
one child: Oscar, b. December 25, 1880; d. February 26, 1881.

95. Macajah C, b. October 2. 1854; m. Louisa J. Doebelle. October 9, 1881. They had
two children, Ephraim C. and Rena.

96. Lemuel C. b. December 21. 1857; m. Alnieda Blackman, December 21, 1881. They
had one child, Alice.

97. Argereene, b. May 12, 1859: m. Thomas Stewart. September 12, 1880. They had
one child. Thomas.

98. Frederick, b. August 23. 1861 ; m. Dora Ross, January 12, 1889. The have one
child, Etta K.

13. Richard, b. April 20, 1825; m. Margaret Risley. They had one child: 120. David
R. Boice, who m. Alice, daughter of Joseph Irelan. They had two children: Maggie, who
m. Richard Garwood, and Minnie, who m. John Scull.

14. Ebenezer, b. June 20, 1828, supposed to have been drowned.
13. Angeline, b. July i, 1830; d. November 20. 1852. not married.

16. David, b. December 14. 1836; m. Sarah Penyard in 1861. They had four children:
121. George; 122. Edward; 123. Theodore; 124. Harrison.

121. George, b. 1862, m. Sarah . No children.

122. Edward, b. 1864; m. Annabelle Rice in 1884; one child, Dora, born 1885.

123. Theodore, b. 1869; d. 1894; m. Eva Riley. No children.

124. Harrison, b. 1871: m. Christine Keohermick in 1891. They had one child,
Theodore.

BRYANT FAMILY.

Isaac Bryant and his fainily emigrated from Scotland to Canada about the year 1780.
His son (2) William was then a baby. When the boy was older, so family tradition runs,
he ran away from his Canadian home, and came to Philadelphia, where he learned the trade
of 1 blacksmith. He found employment at old Martha iron furnace, in Burlington County,
and thert married Mariby Clifford, of Tuckerton, and had a family of five children: (3)
Hcttie, (4) Isaac, (5) John, (6) Hannah, (7) George.

In the war of 1812. William, the father, enlisted and saw service with Commander
Oliver H. Perry, who vanquished Commodore Barclay on lake Erie in that memorable
engagement of September 13, 1813. William died at the home of his son John, when he
was in charge of the salt works on Absecon Beach, about 1838.

(S) John Bryant was born in Philadelphia in 1803. He probably learned the trade of
his father. When a young man he went to Martha Furnace, where he was employed smelt-
ing iron for Daniel Lake, whose sister. Sarah, he married. About 1836 he moved to this
island from Lehman's Beach, in Cape May County, to operate the salt works at the "Point
of Beach," or near Baltic and Maine avenues. In 1840 he moved to what is now South
Atlantic City, where he operated another salt plant and where he continued to live for
thirty-five years. There he was in charge of the Government Life Saving Station, and was
a wrecking master when vessels came ashore, which they often did in those days.

In a story and a half house. 24x24. with a little bedroom in one corner and two rooms

up stair-. Ik- live,!, -cllin- ^ah. oyster- aiul .-lam-, aiul rcariii- a larj-c lainily ,n cliil.lrcn.
It was here that cx-Maynr John Lake liryain \va> b..rii aiul passed his hoyhoo.l .lays with
plenty of rough experience. It was here th.it John Lake Youiii; pas-eil his early years at
the home of his grandfather, alter the death ol his father. James ^■ollll.^. and his mother.
Mary Ann Bryant.

A few years before his death, whicli occurred April 3. 1878. when sick and infirm he
was moved by his family to this city to a cottage owned by his wife on Georgia avenue,
where a room was especially prepared to suit him. The old house w\is torn down so that
his return to it should be an impossibi1it\ . His widow. Sarah Lake Bryant, survived him
several years, dying February 16, 1895. ai;ed S; year-. The cliildren were:

(8) Alice, who died young.

(9^ ^Largarct. b. August 30. 1828. m. Lake .Mbertson. d. August. 1S76.

(10) Mary Ann. b. June 20. 1830. m. James Young, d. 1856.

(11) Abagail, b. :May 20, 1832; d. 1846.

(12) Sarah Jane, b. May 10, 1834; m. Thomas Sampson; d. 1858.

(13) Hannah, b. March 23. 1836: m. Thomas Westcott; d. July. 1872. Their only child,
William Carter Westcott, b. October 25, 1868. is the well-known druggist of this city.

(14) Clara, b. March 21, 1836: m. Alfred Adams, in 1859, and had seven children: Lewis
Reed. b. January 10, i860, m. Sarali Inman; Alfred Barclay, b. November 30. 1861, m. May
Lindley: George C. b. May 6. 1864. d. September, 1865: May Olive, b. .-Vugust 14. 1866;
Carrie, b. October 26. 1869; Bently Bryant, b. December 21. 1871: and Pauline, b. .\ugust
3. 1875, m. Fred S. Holmes, and lives in Pittsburg.

(15) Asenath. b. March 21. 1840: m. John Sloan, has one cliild, Charles, and lives at
Spring Lake, X. J.

(16) Elnora. b. May 29, 1842. m. Benjamin Willits. d. October 1. 1879. had five children:
Elmer, b. November. 1861. d. 1895: Sallie. b. February. 1865. m. Thomas Lotton: William,
b. April, 1863. m. Ella Royal; George, b. August. 1870. m. Lizzie Wicks; John. b. Mny. 1873.
m. Emma Lee.

(17) John Lake. b. April 25, 1844, at the home of his uncle. Lucas Lake, at Pleasant-
ville: m. on Tuesday. January 8, 1870. Sarah Thompson; d. October 8, 1883. He was a
contractor and builder and was prominent in public afTairs. He was a member of Council
in 1875 and 1880; was Mayor in 1878. and was elected to the State Assembly the year before
he died, serving during the session of 1883. His only surviving issue is Lieut. -Col. Lewis T.
Bryant, of the Morris Guards.

(18) George C, b. May 14, 1846; m. Amanda Leeds: d. September. 1872. He was a
member of Council in 1872.

(19) Abbie T.. b. December 16. 1846: m. Christopher Wolliert. and h;i<l four children:
Ethel and Lottie, twins; Ethel m. William Rice and Lottie m. Roland Lake; Charles and
Hattie.

U'O) Harriet S.. 1). January 11. 1853: m. Soloman Johnson.

CLARK FAMILY.

In the early history of Atlantic County the Clark family was prominent, as witness
the name Clarktown. near Mays Landing, and Clarks Landing, on the Mullica I^iver. near
Egg Harbor City.

Now, Clifford Stanley Sims, in 1870. while a United States Consul at Prestcott. Canada,
compiled and published the following account of the Clark family, which is regarded as
authoritative. Copies of this pamphlet are quite rare:

I. Thomas Clark, of Milford, Connecticut, probably brother of George Clark. Jr.. of

Milford. and of John Clark, of Saybrook. who came from . Hertfordshire. England:

took the oath of Fidelity at New Haven, 1654; married Ann, widow of John Jordan, of

380 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

Guilford, 1654. She was a relative of Governor Fenwich. After his marriage he lived at
Guilford, where, December 2, 1658, John Hill, of Guilford, sued Thomas Clark for slander.
The plaintiff declared that the defendant both slanderously reported that he, the said John
Hill, laid violent hands upon him and took him by the collar or throat and shook him and
offered to strike him with his fork and another while with his fist, which the said Hill
denied, and so looks upon himself as wronged and desired satisfaction of the slander.

Mr. Clark gave the truth in evidence, which he fully sustained, so that the court
awarded that the defendant was not guilty of slandering Hill and awarded the defendant
his cost.

Thomas Clark died October 10. 1668: Inventory, £220; Mrs. Ann Clark died at Say-
brook, January 3, 1672; Inventory at Guilford, £26; at Saybrook, iyy. Abraham Post, of
Saybrook, who had married her daughter. Mary Jordan, was her administrator.

Children. — i. Daniel, b. January, 1657-8. 2. Sarah. 3. Elizabeth.

II. — I. Daniel Clark, of Killingworth, Conn., married Mary .

Children. — 4. Daniel, b. February 3, 1683-4. 5. Thomas, b. February 11, 1686-7. 6.
Mercy, b. October 9, 1702; married John Willett. Mrs. Mary Clark, the mother, married,
secondly, Philip Bill, of New London and Groten, and died July 10, 1739, age 80 years.

III. — 5. Thomas Clark married Hannah . Married, second, in 1735, Ruth, by

whom he had no issue. He settled at Clarks Landing, on the banks of the MuUica river,
within the present limits of Egg Harbor City. By the first wife, Hannah, there were four
sons: 7. Thomas, m. Sarah Parker, of Saybrook, in 1740. 8. David, m. and had five sons
and one daughter, g. Samvtel, a Presbyterian clergyman. 10. Elijah, b. 1732. After the
death of Hannah, the first wife, Thomas, the eldest son, then a young man of nineteen, was
sent on horseback by his father to Connecticut to bring back a certain old acquaintance of
his father's for a step-mother. While in New Haven on this delicate errand, he met and
fell in love with the beautiful and accomplished Sallie Parker. He secured the step-
mother and brought her home on the led horse which he took with him, and two years
later, in 1840, returned for his bride. For a wedding gift he gave her a string of Guinea
gold beads, which are still held, with the gold eardrops, by the Misses Porter, of Atlantic
City, descendants of the family, as an interesting heirloom.

IV. — 10. Elijah Clark, of Pleasant Mills, and afterwards of Hincliman Farm. N. J.,
married Jane Lardner, was a Colonel in the New Jersey Militia during the Revolution, and
a member of the Provincial Congress, in 1775; d. December 9, 1795.

Children. — 11. Lardner, left issue. 12. EHsha, m. Louisa Clark, a cousin. left issue.
13. Rebecca, m. James Vanuxem, and left issue. 14. Debora, d. s. p. (d. without issue). 15.
John Lardner, b. March 20, 1770. 16. Josiah, d. s. p. 17. Mary, m. Francis Bernoudi and
left issue.

V. — 15. John Lardner Clark, of Philadelphia, married first in August. 1797, Sophia
Marion Ross. She died January 25, 1812; married, second. Ann Cox, September, 1815.
She died in December, 1817, without issue. John Lardner died May 7, 1837.

Children. — 18. Charles Ross, b. January i. 1798. d. s. p. 19. Charles Ross. b. September
17, 1799, d. s. p. 20. Louisa Vanuxem, b. August i, 1801. 21. Brainerd, b. July 25, 1803.
22. Emeline, b. July 22, 1805, d. s. p. 23. Emeline Marion, b. October 8, 1807.

VI. — 20. Louisa V. Clark married June 3, 1823. Thomas Neal Sims, of Mount Holly,
N. J.; married, second, December 26, 1839. James Peacock, of Harrisburg, Pa., by whom
she had no issue; died May 2, 1869.

Children. — 24. Sophia Marion, b. March 25, 1824, d. s. p. 25. .-Mtred William, b. Sep-
tember 21, 1826. 26. Louisa Clark, b. June 10, 1830, d. s. p.

VII. — 25. Alfred William Sims, of Woodstock, Vermont, married June 2, 1856, Adelaide,
daughter of William Sowden, of Port Hope, Canada.

Children.— 27. Harry Neal, b. July 30, 1857. 28. William Sowden. b. October 15. 1858.
29. Louisa Peacock, b. June 22, i860. 30. James Peacock, b. Jilarch i, 1862, d. s. p. 31.
Alfred Varley, b. September 21, 1864. 32. Mary Stewart, b. April 16, 1868

t)| 9BBSBT AKOE8TOBS

Ileal sketches of the late
Irk furnished by himself for
yl Congressional Directory
i: back of his birthplace In ^

Ijf Kentucky.
he late Congressman John
I, of Now Jersey, who un-
« fact that iho former "
tu a grandson of Adrlel
e a prominent citizen of ;
ir. Congressman Gardner

•aiiiard Clark, of Mount Holly, marricil Saral

,? Adelaide Louisa, b. August 30. iS.^i. .54
edcrick William, b. May. 1836.
mis James Clark, of Philadelpliia, married Sus;
edcrick William Clark, of Norfolk. Va . marr

Louis James. 1). Ni

February
GamaKe,

1869.

Ni:

\^o. J,

Clark Si

Phila

b. F.

athorlty or South Jersey December, 1S62.

He knew the Clark fam- ,„ i.'rederick William, b. Septendjer. 18
,ien he first met Champ ^^ ,._^^ ^,,^^j_^_^ ^.|_^^^. „,^,^^,^.^ December
Washington was struck by
>]Ajice to members of the
lom he knew In Atlantic 37 —Henry Augustus, b. Decend)er _'-', 183-'. j8. Clifford Stanley

s. i>. 39. Celanaire Bernoudi. b. July 21. 1837. 40. ClilTord Stanley, b. Feb-
Investlgation satisfied Mr. ^, John Clark, b. September 12, 1845; admitted to membership in the
hat Champ Clark waa » _^^^,j ^f y^^^. jersey, July 4. 1867. as representative of his great, great grand-
'■i!.d''i"nt%rKe"'n°t"ln Alexander Ross. 42. James Peacock, b. November .5. .84.,.
Uf of the last century. He Iciiry Augustus Sims, of Philadelphia, married June 30. 1864. .Mary
Vllssourl representative of es. of Prescott, Canada.

and the latter neither ad-^, jol,,, d^rk, b. April 19. 1865. d. s. p. 44- John Clark, 1. M:
,r denied the fact. He. ^ Bernoudi Sims married. November 3. 1859. William Sniit
itlsfied to rest upon Ut.

1 Maryland ancestry.— del phia.

- 45. Emeline Sims. b. July 29. i860. 46. Murray, b. June 23. 1863.
Sims. b. May 7. 1866. 48. William Sims. b. November 2!. 1868.
Vn.— 40. Clifford Stanlev Sims, of P

:iugliter

i860,
irbes.

John

irie Ridge Plantation, .'\rkansas, married. .Xugust
rles Steadman .\mbercrombie, M. D.. of Rose-
1 the Society of Cincinnati of New Jersey. July 4,
ther, Major John Ross; entered the U. S. Navy
tant paymaster. 1863; appointed Judge Advocate
gate to the State Constitutional Convention, in
ture. in 1868: appointed Commissioner to digest
to Prescott. Canada, 1869.

b. June 5. 1866. 50. Clifford Stanley, b. January
5. 1870, ^
previous to 1740. and liail three sons and live

of Haddonfield: second. Elizabeth |^illmnu- by
Dr. Reuben Baker and had one child; Harriet
.d two children. Gideon and Elizabeth; Alice m.
let. Alice. Judith. Adriel. Henry and Isaac; John
> have been drowned; George, who likewise dis-

:n children: Ann. b. December 6, 1791: m.

■id Frambes: d. 1882. Charlotte, b. December 2,

nine children. (See sketch of Doughty family.)
h. b. March 11, 1800; ni. Nathaniel Doughty; d.

James, b. September 17. 1804; m. Maria Sooy; d.
Jacob Somers; second. Absalom Cordery. d.

1810; m. Isaac Smith. .Martha, h. Xoveniher 4.

aac Smith. Martha, b. November 4. I«i-'; <1- 188/.
ond. Olivia Clark. By his first wife he had two
oung). Hannah, b. 1793, m. Judge Joseph Porter;
v store at Haddonfield. Later with Thomas and

■<jtun (lark, falher of Champ Clarlt.
i»|ood carriage-builder, a good sing-
It a good dentist, a good Democrat.
Ihrislian. and a fine cilizer '

J.i'

380 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUXTY.n

Guilford, 1654. She was a relative of Governor Fenwich. After his mam;
Guilford, where, December 2, 1658, John Hill, of Guilford, sued Thomas Claj^
The plaintiff declared that the defendant both slanderously reported that lic^r
Hill, laid violent hands upon him and took him by the collar or throat and ly
ofifered to strike him with his fork and another while with his fist. whicHe
denied, and so looks upon himself as wronged and desired satisfaction of th

Mr. Clark gave the truth in evidence, which he fully sustained, so -^
awarded that the defendant was not guilty of slandering Hill and awardedft
his cost. [^

Thomas Clark died October 10, 1668; Inventory, £jm; Mrs. Ann CIar,t
brook, January 3, 1672; Inventory at Guilford, £26: at Saybrook, £/~. Abi
Saybrook, who had married her daughter, Mary Jordan, was her administratn

Children. — i. Daniel, b. January, 1657-8. 2. Sarah. 3. Elizabeth. '^'

II. — I. Daniel Clark, of Killingworth, Conn., married Mary . h

Children.— 4. Daniel, b. February 3, 1683-4. 5- Thomas, b. February g®.
Mercy, b. October 9, 1702: married John Willett. Mrs. Mary Clark, the my
secondly, Philip Bill, of New London and Groten, and died July 10, 1739, a;,"

III. — 5. Thomas Clark married Hannah . Married, second, in s

whom he had no issue. He settled at Clarks Landing, on the banks of th^
within the present limits of Egg Harbor City. By the first wife, Hannal
sons: 7. Thomas, m. Sarah Parker, of Saybrook, in 1740. 8. David, m.
and one daughter. 9. Samuel, a Presbyterian clergyman. 10. Elijah, b.
death of Hannah, the first wife, Thomas, the eldest son,i replace
sent on horseback by his father to Connecticut to brinfhe men
his father's for a step-mother. While in New Haven iring the
fell in love with the beautiful and accomplished Saj chapel
mother and brought her home on the led horse whicDossible.
later, in 1840, returned for his bride. For a wedding t would
gold beads, which are still held, with the gold eardroihat \va.s
City, descendants of the family, as an interesting heii

IV.— 10. Elijah Clark, of Pleasant Mills, and aft)od over
married Jane Lardner, was a Colonel in the New JersJOut the
a member of the Provincial Congress, in 1775; d. Declk in the

Children. — 11. Lardner, left issue. 12. Elisha, nld Stroll
13. Rebecca, m. James Vanuxem, and left issue. 14. if like a
John Lardner, b. March 20, 1770. 16. Josiah, d. s. pjow and
left issue. ^rne-run

V. — 15. John Lardner Clark, of Philadelphia, rPuld see
Marion Ross. She died January 25, 1812; married'ng and
She died in December, 1817, without issue. John La orang-

Children.— 18. Charles Ross, b. January i, 1798. (? slobber
17. 1799. d- s. p. 20. Louisa Vanu.xem. b. August i Worked
22. Emeline, b. July 22, 1805, d. s. p. 23. Emeline Nss. He

VI. — 20. Louisa V. Clark married June 3, 1823,
N. J.; married, second, December 26, 1839, James Jand not
she had no issue; died May 2, 1869. 'S Story,

Children.— 24. Sophia Marion, b. March 25, i8.on were
tember 21, 1826. 26. Louisa Clark, b. June 10, 1830,

VII.— 25. Alfred William Sims, of Woodstock, ^He di.s-
daughter of William Sowden, of Port Hope, Canad'ewards.

Children.— 27. Harry Neal, b. July 30, 1857. 2i of him
29. Louisa Peacock, b. June 22, i860. 30. James Before,
Alfred Varley, b. September 21, 1864. 3-'- Mary Stk had

Girls could not
Phone service, bi
mati-imonial cliaiK
never to use tile
it is absolutely
think they rnake a

Victrol

Mahogany,

732. .After the

tU i ?' "'"Pteen. was

thought that he could hear"
™lt^^^ the "sweet chario
watchword was "Glory halle,
He grew so well that his
former self, and longed to
business. When the Warded
would do when he was free a
a charcoal seraphin and said-
Fust thing I do is go git 'i

Aielfodis parson I"

here. Do you hke this place's

I hke this place mighty ,

Wawden, speakin' compfradv

™^ty better. I gotta "ft "h

-li you get that ladv vou'll

"MK^^^^^^^^the-bigch

Mebbe so mebbe so.^u

S" J^' ^°°^ L^"d don-t .

that black smutch on His ni

aside h;'''''f '^^^^""certing and
thX F^''"' ^°' «™ding We.
the Board of Parole. li% in,:
and h,s childlike amifbOitv^
ehgible, but the Warden ould
him for such a quest
m.t,f J" and again the Warden
Idfa^'T^- «^PJeadedwiY

''It ain't right to let no such f,

the ground, as the Good Book sa
-uldn't ask me to be good ti 1

CLARK 1AMI1.\

\'I1.— -'I. Hrainanl Clark, ul Mount Holly, married Sarali Jam- Coppiuh. July. 1830
died April 17. 1837.

Children.— 33. Adelaide Louisa, b. Au^nist .50. 1S31. 34. Louis James, h. November
9. 1833. 35. Frederick William, b. May, 1836.

VIL— 34. Louis James Clark, of Philadelphia, married Susan Stones. February 11. i86g.

VIL— 35. Frederick William Clark, of Norfolk. Va.. married Susan Gamane. N'oveni
ber, 1861; died December, i86j.

Children.— 36. Frederick William, b. September. 1S62.

VL— 23. Emeline Marion Clark, niarr.ed December 8. 1830. John Clark Sims, of Pliila
delphia.

Children.— 37-—Henry Augustus, b. December 22. 1832. 3«- Clifford Stanley, b. Feb-
ruary 2. 1S55. d. s, p. 39- Celanaire Bernondi. b. July 21, 1837. 40. Clifford Stanley, b. Feb-
ruary 17, 1839. 41. John Clark, b. September 12, 1845; admitted to membership in the
Society of Cincinnati of New Jersey. July 4, 1867, as representative of his great, great grand-
father. Surgeon Alexander Ross. 42. James Peacock, b. November 15. i84<).

V'lL— 37. Henry Augustus Sims, of Philadelphia, married June 30. 1864. Mary, daughter
of Alpheus Jones, of Prcscott, Canada.

Children.— 43. John Clark, b. April ig. 1865. d. s. p. 44- John Clark, b. May 4. i86<).

VIL— 39. Celanire Bernoudi Sims married. November 3, 1859, William Smith Forbes,
M. D., of Philadelphia.

Children.— 45. Emeline Sims. b. July 29. i860. 46. Murray, b. June 23. 1863. 47. John
Sims. b. May 7, 1866. 48. William Sims. b. November 21. 1868.

\'IL — 40. Clifford Stanley Sims, of Prairie Ridge Plantation. Arkansas, married, .\ugust
2. 1865. Mary Josephine, daughter of Charles Steadman Anibercrombie, ^L D., of Rose-
land, Tennessee, admitted to membership in the Society of Cincinnati of New Jersey, July 4,
1861. as representative of his great grandfather, Major John Ross; entered the U. S. Navy
as Captain's clerk, in 1862: appointed assistant paymaster, 1863; appointed Judge .Advocate
General of. Arkansas, in 1864: elected Delegate to the State Constitutional Convention, in
1867; elected Representative to the Legislature, in 1868; appointed Commissioner to digest
the statutes, 1868: appointed U. S. Consul to Prescott. Canada. 1869.

Children. — 49. Charles Aubercrombie. b.' June 5, 1866, 50. Clifford Stanley, b. January
12, 1868. 51. Lancelot Falcon, b. January 5. 1870.

7. Thomas Clark, m. Sarah Parker, previous to 174". and had three sons and five
daughters.

52. Adriel m,. first. Tndith Hnm[iton of Haddonfield; second. Kli/abelli |Tillni.iu- by
whom he had seven children: Frances m. Dr. Reuben Baker and had one child; Harriet
m. Wm. Irving, of Old Gloucester, and had two children. Gideon and Elizabeth; .Mice m.
Sherman Clark and had six children. Harriet, .Mice. Judith. Adriel. Henry and Isaac; John
who mysteriously disappeared, supposed to liave been drowned; George, who likewise dis-
appeared; Elizabeth; Tohn. secT)nd

53. Parker m. Martha Leek and had ten children: Ann. b. December 6, 1791; m.

Murphy; d. 1885. Louisa, b. 1793: ni. David Franibes; d. 1882. Charlotte, b. December 2,
1795; m. Gen. Enoch Doughty and had nine children. (See sketch of Doughty family.)
Thomas, b. 1798; d. of yellow fever. Sarah, b. March 11, 1800; ni. Nathaniel Doughty; d.

1889. Reuben m. Phoebe ; d. 1865. James, b. September 17, 1804; m. Maria Sooy; d.

1894. Mary. b. December 14. 1806; m. first, Jacob Soniers; second, .Absalom Cordery. d.
March 19. 1900. Susanna, b. :Marcli 2,. 1810; m. Isa.ic Smith. Martha, b. November 4.
1812; (1. 1887.

living. Susanna, b. March 2-:.. 1810; m. Isaac Smitli. Martha, b. November 4. if^i-'; '1- 1887-

54. Reuben m.. first, Mary Rape; second. Olivia Clark. By his first wife he had two
children. Hannah and Christopher (died young). Hannah, b. 1793. m. Judge Joseph Porter;
d. 1875. Judge Porter first had a country store at Haddonfield. Later with Thomas and

382 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

John Evans and Samuel Shrevc as partners, he estabhshed glassworks at Watertord, where
they made fortunes. He was one of the promoters and directors of the first railroad to the
seashore and lost his fortune in this enterprise. He died in 1861, aged 72 years. They had
nine children: Joseph C. Thomas, Mary H., Reuben Griffin Porter, who still lives at
Waterford, and has one son, Richard, living at Rehoboth, Md.. ^largaret Griffin, William
C, Richard, Hannah Chew, Elizabeth. Mary H.. Hannah C. and ElizabeUi, are the
owners of Porter Cottage in this city.

By his second wife Reuben Clark had four children: ]\Iary m. Wencil Kinsley; Rox-
anna m. Mark Clark and went west: Christopher m. Mary Ann Bates; and Walter m.. first,
Elizabeth Doughty; second, a widow, and lives in Baltimore.

55. Hannah m. four times in twelve years: First to George Gardner, by whom she had
a son, Rufus; second, to Arron Chew, a captain in the Revolutionary war, by whom she
had a daughter, Hannah, who m,, first, Capt. Hand of Cape May; second. Judge Clements
of Haddonfield. She was his second wife and he was her second husband; (3) to Joseph
Griffin, by whom she had a son, John; (4) to a Mr. Zane of Chew Landing.

56. Abigail, who m. a Chew of Gloucester.

57. Louisa m. Elijah, son of Elisha Clark, a cnusin, and had three children, Caroline,
Edward and Lardner. The two first were dwarfs.

58. Submitta d. of yellow fever in Philadelphia, in 1893.

59. Sarah never married; d. at an advanced age, in 1857.

60. Elizabeth m. Williams and had one child, Clark Williams.

8. David Clark, son of Thomas and Hannah Clark, married and had five sons and one
daughter, viz. 61. Thomas. 62. Benjamin. 63. Joseph. 64. Abner. 65. Nehemiah. 66.
Rebecca.

Benjamin, Joseph and Abner lived many years at the place of their birth, viz; Clarks
Landing, but finally joined the immigration westward and settled at a place called Jersey
Settlement, in the State of Ohio.

Nehemiah and Thomas both lived at Clarks Landing.

65, Nehemiah had but one son (67), Parker, who fought through the Revolutionary
war, was killed by his pugilistic brethren of Burlington County. . He, in company with
others from Atlantic County, used to visit their neighbors across the river, and on various
occasions engaged in a fraternal wrestle or exchanged blows to test the merits of their
respective communities, for in those days a place was judged by the physical strength of
its members, and when a conflict ensued both parties did their utmost to maintain the
standing of their village. In one of these exciting contests Parker proved too much for
the champion of Burlington, and when the Atlantic County men left for home and gave the
triumphant shout, the Burlington men swore vengeance on Parker if ever they caught him
alone. The next time he went among them unaccompanied he never returned. His body
was found a long time afterwards hidden in the reeds far down the river.

61. Thomas was born, lived and died at Clarks Landing. He owned and tilled, until
the time of his death, one of the most prosperous farms ever worked in Atlantic County.
New Jersey was then a slave holding State, and he was the ovvmer of many slaves. In his
pasture lands could be seen from fifty to a hundred head of cattle, beside large flocks of
sheep and swine. The place spoken of is now owned by Thomas Weber.

Thomas was born October 7, 1758; died :\Iarch 28, 1827. He was married August 17,
1797, to ]\Iary Giberson, who died December 24. 1849. They had the following children:
68. Submittee, b. July 19, 1798; d. 1882. 69. Rebecca, b. February 19, 1800; d. 1888. 70.
James, b. February 24, 1802; d. 71. David, b. June 29, 1804; d. 1888. 72. Mark, b.

August 6, 1806; d. February 23, 1895. 7^. Elizabeth, b. October 18, 1809; d. November 8,
1855. 74. Thomas, b. May 29, 1812; d. December 23, 1893. 75. Lardner, b. December 17,
1814; d. February 6, 1886. 76. Mary Ann, b. December 19, 1816; d. 77. Caroline, b.

March i. 1819; d. 78. Emeline, b. June 5. 1812; d.

CLARK lAMlLV. 383

(i8. Sul.iiiuiL- iiKirricl. hr>t. Walur Clavk. Dcc-ml.cr jS. i8iS; sccmi,!, Ab:-aloni lli.ubce.
No issue by either.

69. Rebecca married George Clark. I'eliruary iS. iSj;: .lied and buried in Xew York
State. Children: 79. Subniitte, b. January 11. iSjS. «ln. married William W. Williams
of New York: had children. 80. M.,rt..n. Si. Jennie. Sj. .Mary. S.?. 1-1, ,ra. S4. \Vd-
liam W.

70. James Clark m. Sarah F.ndiec.tt. .\u,uust l,^ i8.'ti: he d. and was buried in Xew
York State.

71. David Clark m. Phoebe Turner. October 25. 1828: had children: 85. Bethiah. b.
September 17. 1829. 86. Thomas, b. August 22. 1831: drowned off Brigantine.

85. Bethiah Clark m. Enoch Higbee. May 16. 1852: had children: 87. Absalom H.. b.
May 3, 1853. 88. Joab. b. May 11, 1855. 89. Thomas, b. September 22. 1858: d. October
22, 1892. 90. Mittee. b. January 14. 1861. 91. Enoch A., b. April 22. 1863. 92. Sallic, b.
July 27. 1866: d. September 7. 1867. 93. Evalena. b. April 7. 1871.

72. Mark Clark ni. Roxanna Clark, June 25. 1831. daughter of Reuben and Olive Clark,
of Clarks Landing: had children: 94. Addison. 95. Nelson. 96. George. 97. Joseph. 98.
Mark. 99. Edward. 100. Angeline. loi. Hannah. 102. Mary. 103. Olive. 104. Rebecca.
105. Roxanna. 106. Clara.

Of the above -Addison. Nelson. George. .Angeline and Roxanna are dead.
102. Mary Clark m. Herman Kayser: Iiave children: 107. Clara. loS. Herman. 109.
Louis.

73. Elizabeth Clark m. John Collins. August 7. 1831: had chddren. I Sec history of
the Collins family.)

74. Thomas Clark m. Sarah C. Cordery. Xnveniber 6. 1840. Children: no. .Absalom
E., b. October 7. 1842.

110. Absalom E. Clark m. Annie Rose, of Trenton. X. J.. January 29. 1873; she d.
December 23. 1894: had children: in. Warren T.. b. January 1. 1874. U2. H(nv;ird B..
b. May 31, 1878. U3. Edna, b. September 2^. 1892.

75. Lardner Clark m.. first, Ann Chamberlain. January 7, 1843, 'i>' whom he had three
children: n4. Sarah. 115. Thomas. n6. Joab. all dead.

Married, second. Elizabeth Endicott, June 5, 1852, by whom he had the following
children: n7. .Ann S.. b. February 26. 1853. nS. Whitfield, b. December 2. 1854: d. July
28, 1883. n9. Mary Etta. b. November 28. 1859. 120. Elizabeth, b. Jidy (1. 18(14. 121.
Irene C. b. .August 16. 1866.

76. Mary Ann Clark ni. John Higbee: had children: 122. Walter. 123. Burroughs.
124. Sarah. 125. Mary Ann. 126. Absalom. 127. Thomas. 128. Emeline. 129. Mark.

77. Caroline Clark m Henry Simons: had children: 130. Thomas. 131. Caroline. 132.
Frances. 133. Harry. 134. Jennie. 135. Charles. 136. Laura.

78. Emeline Clark m. Jacob Philips, had one son. who lived to urrow uji. Married an<l
died at the age of forty, leaving several children in Philadelphia.

A number of the Clark family fought on the side of the colonies in their struggle for
independence. Among the names of Revolutionary soldiers of 1776. as compiled by Wil-
liam Stryker. .Adjutant-General of Xew Jersey, one may find on the roll from the County
of Gloucester. Benjamin Clark. Joseph Clark. Reuben Clark. Adriel Clark. David Clark.
Parker Clark. Thomas Clark, and John Clark, and on page 358 of said record you will find
this note:

Elijah Clark. Lieutenant Colonel Second Battalion Gloucester. re~igne<l .Xnvember (i.
1777, to become a member of Assembly.

Thus nine descendants of the early settler. Thomas Clark, fought to establish the inde-
pendence of this country. The graves of four are to the writer unknown. Five lie buried
beneath the sod of the Clark's Mill burying ground. Port Republic.

Not only were the Clarks prominent as soldiers of the Revolution, but thev were

384 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

leading members of the community in whicli they resided. Many of them were identified
with the early Christian work in this county. The old Clark's Mill Meeting House, which
stood on the outskirts of what is now Port Republic, was established with their aid, and
the Clark's Mill burying ground was one of the first church burying grounds of this county.

COLLINS FAMILY.

The founder of the Collins family in this country was one Richard Collins, M. D., the
first resident physician in Gloucester County, as it was called at that time. He came as
early as 1765 to the new world, from Ireland, where he was born, May i, 1725. A large
tract of land in Galloway township was purchased by him and improved, and has since been
known as Collins Mills. It is located about one mile west of Smithville, in this county.
Dr. Collins was married previous to his coming to America, his one child by the first
marriage being Elizabeth, who married, first, John Holmes, and, second, Christopher
Ludlam, both of Cape May County. Dr. Richard afterward married Sarah Griffith, of
Pennsylvania, who bore him five children. Here in the wilderness Dr. Collins toiled,
reared and educated his family while ministering to the physical needs of the people over
a large tract of country, embracing what is now Atlantic County, and parts of surrounding
counties. Physically Dr. Collins was a giant, and even though great age came upon him.
his form was ever erect and active. He was a man of great intellectual as well as moral
force and of positive character; so much so indeed as to incline to eccentricity, in the opin-
ions of his neighbors. Living, as he did, in the midst of Quakers, he adopted their mode
of dress and speech, though he was a Roman Catholic when he arrived in America. Letters
in the possession of some of his descendants prove, however, that the Doctor died in the
Methodist faith. In a letter he wrote. "I have reared one son a Methodist, one a Quaker,
and one a Universalist, but one of these days I'll take a short cut and beat them all to
heaven."

Not long before the Doctor's death he invited home all his accessible children and
their families. Andrew Scull. Sr., a grand-child, then aged 10 years, said of him: "That
he had provided immense quantities of bread and honey for the children, and he remem-
bers him alternately laughing to see them make way with it and weeping because he prob-
ably should see their faces no more. Dr. Collins died in 1808, and was buried on his farm
at Collins' Mills, where his tomb and those of his wife and some of his children may yet be
seen.

The children of Richard Collins and Sarah Griffiths were: 2. Matthew, b. May 7,
1764; d. September 29, 1851; m. (i) Judith Smith; (2) Sylvia Endicott Smith.

.5. John, b. November i, 1769: d. August 22. 1845; ni. Sarah Blackman, November, 179,3.

4. Levi, b. September 20, 1772: d. ]\Iarch 24, 1813; m. Asenath Lake, August 16, 1801

5. Alice, b. August 27, 1776; d. November 12, 1833: m. Abel Scull.
A daughter, who died in infancy.

2. Matthew Collins, b. May 7. 1764: d. September 29, 1851, was a celebrated surveyor
in New Jersey. He was collector of customs for the District of Great Egg Harbor from
1807 to 1809. He married, first, Judith Smith and had the following children: 6. Elizabeth,
m. Richard Ireland. 7. Sophia, m. Joseph Endicott. 8. Alice (or Elsie), m. Benjamin
Smith. 9. Mary, m. Jesse Clark. 10. Nancy, m., first, Reed Steelman; second. Leeds Steel-
man. II. James H., m., first, Amy Wolberton; second, Abigail Strang. 12. Mark, un-
married. 13. Levi, unmarried. 14. Phoebe, m. Anthony Ireland. 15. Sarah, m. Absalom
Higbee 16. Richard, b. October 11. 1798; d. May 22. 1833: m. Elizabeth Sooy or Wilson.
17. Elisha, m., went west.

2. Matthew Collins afterward married Sylvia (Endicott) Smith, widow of Robert
Smith.

COLLINS FAMILY. 385

6. Elizabeth Collins m. Ricliard Ireland, and lui.l Letice. m.. first. Jaeol, Henry Win-
sorn; second, Absalom Higbee.

Letice and Jacob Henry X'ansorn bad Henry, ulio m. Sarah B. Cordcry. daughter of
Enoch Cordery.

7. Sophia Collins m. Joseph Endicott. and had Rebecca, who ni. Peter Wright; Harriet,
unmarried; Sarali, m. Jerry Adams; John, m. Smith; Joseph Henry, unmarried.

8. Alice Collins, m. Benjamin Smith, and had Lardner, Benjamin, John, Judith, Phoebe,
Elisha, Sylvia. Mark.

9. Mary Collins m. Jesse Clark. They had Ralph, d. in early life: Oliver, d. in early
life; Alden. d. in early life; Lizzie, d. in early life: Mary. m. Jerry Adams; Jesse, d. in
.\ndersonville prison, war of the Rebellion.

ID. Nancy Collins, m., first. Reed Steelman. They had Judith, unmarried; Rainy, m.
Finly: Elisha, Absalom, Wesley.

II. James H. Collins m., first. Amy Wolberton. They had: iS. Ann. m. Samuel Slim.
19. Urbana, ni., first, James G. Carter; second, William Grifftths.

Ann and Samuel Slim had Walton, m. Lizzie Jackson: Frank, m. Jennie Robinson;
Emma. m. Frank Haley; Lewis. Charlotte.

II. James H. Collins m.. second, Abigail Strang, and had: 20. Emma. in. .Albert
Willis. 21. jMatthew, m. Jane Simpson. 22. Isabelle. m. James Allen. 23. Joseph, m.

Arivilda Steelman. 24. Thomas, m. Miss Wince, of Sweedsboro. 25. Lillie. m. Spitzer

26. Walter, m. Nettie App. 27. Abigail, m. Jacob Lollard.

3. John Collins, b. November i. 1769. was the second son of the pioneer. Dr. Richard
Collins, and may be rightly claimed as one of the founders of Metbodisin in America.
Converted at Smithville. this county, in 1794. he was soon licensed as a local preacher and
travelled extensively through a large part of West Jersey. His wife was Sarah Blackman,
daughter of David Blackman. of English Creek. She was a most loyal and efficient help-
meet in his Christian labors. In 1803 he removed to Ohio with his family, and took up an
extensive tract of land in Clermont County.

Mr. Collins preached the first Methodist sermon in Cincinnati in 1S04 and joined the
travelling connection in 1807. He established the first society in Dayton. 1808. and was
made Presiding Elder in 1819. It is said by various historians of the church that the Meth-
odists had not in its early days a more successful preacher than Mr. Collins. The follow-
ing is a description of him, given by an eye-witness:

"The occasion was a quarterly meeting in Ohio. The meeting was opened by a young
man who, I was informed, had been recently initiated into the ministry. He was followed
by an old man dressed in linsey woolsey. He was tall and thin; his head was whitened by
the frost of years: his countenance was one that men love to look upon; there w-as nothing
remarkable or peculiar in his features; his forehead was high and a little projecting; his
eyes small and sunken: his nose thin and a little aquiline, and chin rather long. But he
had an expression of countenance that is not easily forgotten. As he arose every eye was
riveted on him. and such was the silence of the large assembly that the softest whisper might
have been heard. I felt that I was in the presence of no ordinary man. He read the
parable of the "Prodigal Son," and so preached and illustrated the text that the whole
assembly burst into an involuntary gush of tears, such were his oratorical powers."

After being in the west for a short time. Rev. Mr. Collins became worried over the
spiritual welfare of his father, the old Doctor, who had tried the Quaker religion after
renouncing Catholicism, so he returned to the old homestead at Collins' Mills on a religious
mission. Some days after his return his father said to him: "John, we arc all glad to see
thee, but I don't like thy religion." This was unexpected and greatly depressed John.
-After some reflection he resolved to spend the whole of the ensuing night in iirayer for his
father.

.Accordingly, at nightfall, after supper, he retired to the barn, tliat he might not be
25

386 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

interrupted. Here he engaged in fervent prayer until near lo o'clock. Some one knocked
at the barn door, but he made no answer. In a short time another messenger came and
opening the door discovered him. This messenger was his sister, who had experienced
religion and who informed him that he had been sought for in his room, at his brother's,
near by, and at other places, and that he was supposed to be in the barn. She told him
their father was suffering the greatest mental agony and wished to see him. With joyful
heart Mr. Collins hurried to the room of his father and, embracing him, wept and prayed
with him. The struggle continued until near daylight, when deliverance came. His father
was filed with peace and joy and triumph." Life of John Collins. This briefly is a part of
the life of this great man who, his contemporaries claim, was the greatest apostle of Meth-
odism through the Northwestern Territory. A sketch of his life was published by the
Western Book Concern in 1849; to this the writer is indebted, and also to Mrs. Anna
Collins Fleming, who is the possessor of many of the letters and private papers of John
Collins.

He died in 1845, at the age of 76. A marble shaft marks his resting place in the little
churchyard at Bethel, near the road to Ripley, Ohio. The children of John Collins and
Sarah Blackman were four daughters and three sons, David, Wesley and Richard.

4. Levi Collins, b. September 20, 1772; d. March 24, 1813; m. Asenath Lake, August 16,
iSoi. She was the daughter of the original pioneer. Daniel Lake and Sarah Lucas, his wife.
Levi was a prosperous land owner and farmer, and lived near Port Republic. The children
of Levi and Asenath Lake Collins were: 28. Samuel Griffiths, b. April 17, 1803; d. April 19,
1834. 29. Esther, b. December 3, 1804; m. Peter English. 30. John, b. October 13, 1806;
m. Elizabeth Clark, August 7, 1831. 31. Daniel Lake, b. July 17, 1808; d. November 5,
1887: m. Mary Ann Ingersoll, November 30, 1831. 32. Asenath, b. December 25, 1810; d.
April 23, 1890; m. Jonathan Albertson, July 17, 1841. 33. Levi. b. February 24. 1813; d.
March 20. 1813.

5. Alice Collins, b. August 27, 1776, m. Abel Scull, son of Joseph and Sarah Scull.
They had: Joseph Scull, m. Susannah Blackman; Richard Scull, m. Elizabeth Hickman;
Andrew Scull, m., first, Eunice Scull; second, Mary Gifford; Enoch Scull, m. Ann Hick-
man; Mary Scull, m., first, Andrew Blackman; second. Daniel English: third, Clayton
Leeds; Sarah Scull, m., first, Capt. Robinson: second, David Smith: Elizabeth Scull, m.
John Broderick; Nancy Scull, m., first George Hickman; second, Elvy Scull; third. \\'il-
liam Scull.

29, Esther Collins, b. December 3, 1804; m. Peter English. They had: Albert, m.. first,
Louisa Albertson, of English Creek; second, Emma Souder.

Asenath m. Nathaniel Risley.

Caroline, b. September 18. 1834, m. Robert Barclay Leeds. April 29. 1852.

Mariette m. James R. Adams, of I\Iount Pleasant.

Matilda m. Solomon Conover.

James T. m. Dorcas Hackney.

30. John Collins, b. October 13, 1806; m. Elizabeth Clark, August 7, 1831. She was
the daughter of Thomas and Alary Clark. They had: 34. Judith, b. September 8, 1832; d.
September 8. 1832. 35. Levi. b. October 13, 1833: m. Sarah Leonard, October 8, 1861.
36. Thomas JeiTerson, b. February 4, 1836; lost at sea. 37. Daniel, b. October 17, 1837; d.
January 30, 1865; m. Elizabeth Lippincott, October 17, 1861. 38. Mary Caroline, b. August
25, 1839; m- William Nelson French, December 10. 1864. 39. Richard Siner, b. July 17,
1841; m. Adaline S. Green, May i, 1867. 40. Georgianna, b. September 17, 1843; m. Jesse
S. Clark, August 23, 1867. 41. Emeline. b. August 20, 1845. 42. Sarah Elizabeth, b. March
17, 1847; m. Dr. D. M. Stout, July 25, i88g. 43- Ann C, b. August 23, 1851; m. Rev. C. K.
Fleming, April 28, 1892. 44. Alice, b. June 21, 1853; m. Roland Ashley Cake, September
3. 1874-

35- Levi Collins, b. October 13, 1833; m. Sarah Leonard. October S. 1861. Thev had:

COLLINS FAMILY. 387

45. Gilbert Henry, h. Dcociubcr .';. iSOj; m. Florence Shivers Fortiner. Xcveinber q. 188;.

46. Carrie Francis, b. May, 1865: ni. William Brooks.

37. Daniel Collins, b. October 17, 18.57; "i- Elizabeth LMilinu-..tt. October i;. i8t>i
They had: 47- Thomas Jefferson, b. December .'8. i86j: ni. May Mitchell. December 4.
1890. 48. Daniel Newman, b. May 23, 1865.

38. Mary Caroline Collins, b. August 25. 18,50: m. William .Nelson I'rench. December
10. 1864. They had: Courtland Y.. b. September 27. iSCiO; d. October ,5. 18(17. lon:i. b.
June 10, 1869: d. August 16, 1870. William Collins, b. July .50. 1870. Alice Matild:.. b.
August 22. 1S72. Emma Belle, b. March 25, 1874. Bessie \'irginia, li September j. 1S75.
Samuel Tilden, b. January 23, 1877.

39- Richard Siner Collins, b. July 17. 1841; m. A.laline S. Green. May 1. 1867. They
had: 49. Elizabeth, b, March 5, 1868. 50. Clarence Warren, b. June 5. 1870; m. Anna
Ridgway Gallagher. June 29, 1898. 51. Georgianna. b. March 7, 1872; m. Charles N. Blake,
May 20, 1891. 52. Maria Taylor, b. March I, 1876; m. John Godbou Thomas. June 21. 1899.

31. Daniel Lake Collins, b. July 17, 1808. at Collins Mill, near Smithville, Atlantic
County, N. J., was bound out to his mother's brother, Daniel Lake, when four years of age.
He received his early instruction under said Daniel Lake, who was a Quaker and surveyor,
living in Smith's Landing, on the shore road, on land now owned by John B. Smith.
Daniel Lake Collins learned surveying, and when he became of age received $1,600 as his
share of his father's estate (4. Levi Collins). Soon after he took a nine months' trip
through the west with Mark Lake. Upon his return he was married and lived on the
Ingersoll place. His marriage took place November 30. 1831, to Mary Ann Ingersoll.
daughter of Isaac Ingersoll. and Millicent Steelman, who after Isaac's death married Jere-
miah Leeds. He bought the Collin's homestead, which extended originally along shore
road from Wood lane (Tilton road) to the county farm, and contained about 108 acres.
Daiiiel was a very well read and thoughtful man, contemporaries saying of him that his
was one of the greatest brains this county had ever produced. In form he was large and
powerful and had great endurance, part of which he attributed to absteinious habits and
the cold water treatment to which he was an adherent. Also learned the trade of plasterer
(mason) in Philadelphia, and cobbler, having done the family mending. His property was
afterward increased by the purchase of one-third of the Daniel Lake farm, and from this
purchase he followed farming and oyster planting, making considerable money in the latter
business. About 1850 he began investing his earnings in beach property, owning at different
times with Col. Daniel Morris, Joseph Ireland, etc., large tracts on the now famous Absecon
Beach. About ten years before his death he lived a retired life. Died November 5. 1887,
and was buried by his own request in the family burying ground on the old Dr. Richard
Collins farm, near Smithville. His children were:

53. Isaac, b. August 7. 1832: m., first, Catlierine Golden. November 23. 1854: m..
second, Alniira Garwood, June 13, 1885. 54. John. b. September 24. 1834; m. Rebecca
Price, September 24, 1855. 55. Milicent, b. December 13, 1836; d. July 21, 1874: m. Henry
Risley. October 12, 1854: 56. Asenath, b. April 26, 1839: d. February 10. 1870; m. William
A. Bowen, September 10, 1859. 57. Sarah, b. July 26, 1841: m., first, William S, Cazier,
January i, 1858; second, Noah Adams, April 26, 1865: m., third, Daniel Peterson, January
2g. 18,-5. 58. Joseph B., b. February 8. 1844: m. Eunice S. Bevis, June 16. 1864; 59. Steel-
man T., b. July 15, 1846: m., first, Isabella O'Donnell, November 10, 1866: second, Georg-
ianna Reeves, Noveinber 7, 1886. 60. Esther Ann. b. .\pril 4. 1849; d. December 24. 1872.
61. Nur L., b. June i, 1851: d. May 9, 1876. (ij. Mary Ann. b. November 29. 1854: m.
James Lewis Risley, January i, 1873.

53. Isaac Collins was born August 7. 1832, on the In.gersoll place, south side shore
road, near the residence of John Collins, Pleasantville. He received an ordinary school
education at Salem school (Smith's Landing), and worked on the farm until 21 years of
age. when he received from his father one acre, where his present residence now is. Mar-

388 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

ried November 23, 1854, Catherine Golden, of Philadelphia, and built his present home
1855. His occupation was farming and oyster planting, delivering the products to Atlantic
City, when the business was first started by boats and still continuing. He is a successful
large asparagus and strawberry grower, having a system of irrigation in operation during
strawberry season to overcome the usual drought. In 1881 was influenced by the united
parties of Independents, Democrats and Prohibitionists, to accept the nomination for
Sheriff. The fight was warm and well contested, he being successful by a majority of about
300 over his opponent, Simon L. Westcott. His Deputy as Sheriff was Jos. A. Peck. In
1882 Isaac was nominated for State Senator, but defeated by 300 votes by John J. Gardner.
His life has been influential and exemplary, and retired from active political life, he repre-
sents a sterling type of Atlantic County's country-gentleman. He married Mrs. Almira
Garwood, June 13, 1885, some years after the death of Catherine Golden.

Children of Isaac Collins and Catherine Golden were: 63. Annie E., b. February 14,
1856; d. April 28, 1883; m. John Parcels, April 14, 1879. 64. Mary Caroline, b. May 31,
1858; m. John P. Ashmead, January 20, i877- 65. Thomas Near, b. i860; d. i860. 66.
Katie Near, b. 1862; d. 1863. 67. Nur J., b. March 5, 1864; m. Evalena Ireland, March 22,
1887. 68. Hugh M., b. May 18, 1865; m. Kate Blanche Newell, December 10, 1884. 69.
Daniel Lake, b. April 22, 1867: m. Elizabeth Ryon, October 10, 1894. 70. Kate Golden,
b. January 21, 1871; d. September 7, 1889. 71. Agnes May, b. April i, 1876; m. John
Andrews, February 20, 1896. 72. Ida. b. February 12, 1878: d. February 13, 1878.

54. John Collins, b. September 24, 1834; m. Rebecca Price, September 24, 1855. They
had: yz. Burris, b. March 22, 1856; m. Sarah Elizabeth Jester, May 31, 1881. 74. John
Henry, b. February 20, 1858; m. Arabella Kings, April 7, 1878. 75. Thomas Jefferson, b.
April 2, i860; d, February 6. 1861. 76. Mary Eliza, b. January 13, 1862; m. Frank Blackman,
December 9, 1886. 77. Milicent Leeds, b. April 16, 1864; m. Josiah E. Risley, August 12,
1891. 78. Mark Price, b. April 23, 1867; d. September 27, 1868. 79. Alice Moore, b. Jan-
uary 8, 1870. 80. Haddie Nelson, b. January 15, 1872; m. Wilbur Reed, May 20, 1896. 81.
Royer Moore, b. July 6, 1874; m. Sarah Clark, April 29. 1893. 82. Rebecca, b. February
16, 1877.

55. Millicent Collins, b. December 13, 1836; m. Henry Risley, October 12, 1854. They
had: Mary R., b. October 10, 1855; d. August 25. 1856. John C, b. September 30, 1857; m.
Mary Emma Smith, October 31, 1877. Daniel Collins, b. October 29, 1859; d. November
12, 1859. Sophia, b. June 19, 1862; m. Otto Lewis Lehman, May, 1887. Laura, b. Sep-
tember 14, 1865; d. March 30, 1868. Garrett P., b. April 26, 1870; m Mary Fuhrer. October
I, 1893.

56. Asenath Collins, b. April 26, 1839; m. William X. Bowen, September 10, 1859. They
had: Margaret, b. September 3, i860; m. Samuel Ireland, November i, 1876. Catherine,
b. September 2, 1862; m. Elwood Adams, May 24, 1881. William Sharply, b. August 29,
1864; d. August 9, 1865. Anna Mary, b. April 8, 1868.

57. Sarah Collins, b, July 26, 1841, m., first, William S. Cazier, January i, 1858. They
had: Mary A., b. November 6, 1858; m. Washington Somers Conover, March 21, 1875.
Sarah Collins, m., second, Noah Adams, April 26, 1865. They had: Felix, b. February 22,
1866; d. March 28, 1870. Lucinda, b. April i, 1868; d. April 3, 1870.

58. Joseph B. Collins, b. February 8, 1844; m. Eunice S. Bevis, June 16, 1864. They
had: 83. Harry, b. February 5, 1865; d. September 2, 1865. 84. Annabel, b. September 26,
1866. 85. Lena, b. June 14, 1869; m. Milton Sooy, May 22, 1892. 86. William S., b. Sep-
tember 6, 1871. 87. Mary Ann, b. February 4, 1874. 88. Isaac Lemuel, b. April 18, 1876.
89. Emma Madalene, b. February i. 1878. 90. Eliza A., b. May 21, 1881. 91. Nettie, b.
December 27, 1886.

59. Steelman T. Collins, b. July 15. 1846; m., first. Isabella O'Donnell, November 10,
1866. They had: 92. Thomas, b. June 9, 1867; m. Ida M. Taylor, June 9, 1893. 93. William
C, b. February 28, 1869; d. November 27, 1869. 94. Charles T.. b. August 8, 1870; m. Flora

DorCHTV 1-A.MlI.V. 389

Stebbins, February 4. 1892. 95. Harry R., b. July 15. iSOg. 96. Frank M., b. October 2.
1874; d. May 14, 1878. 97. Fredie G., b. November 4. 1876; d. September 13. 1877. 98.
Martha M.. b. January 21, 1878: ni. Joseph Wilson Collins, April 27. 1899. 99. Lilly A., b.
January 9. 1880: d. October 7, 1885. Steelman afterward m. Georgianna Reeves, Kovember
.7. 1886. They had: 100. Florence, b. May 9, 1892. loi. Edwin, b. August 29, 1893.

63. Annie E. Collins, b. February 14, 1856: m. John Parcels, April 14. 1878. They had:
Harry E., b. January i, 1879- Howard S., b. February 12, 1883; d. February 12. 1883.

64. Mary Caroline Collins, b. May 31, 1858; m. John P. Ashmead, January 20, 187;.
They had: James Edward, b. May 20, 1878.

67. Nur J. Collins, b. March 5, 1864; m. Evalena Ireland, March 22. 1887. They had:
102. Earle. b. February 18, 1888. 103. Gilbert C. b. December 8. 1890. 103. Kathcrine, b.
June 18, 1892. 105. John, b. November i, 1894.

71. Agnes M. Collins, b. .^pril i. 1876: m. John .Andrews. They had: James Lewis.
b. December 15, 1897.

73. Burris Collins, b. ALarch 22, 1856; m. Sarah Elizabeth Jester. May 31. 1881. They
had: 106. William Jester, b. March 18, 1882; d. August 13. 1882. 107. Leon Leroy. b.
March 27, 1883. 108. Emily Blanche, b. January 17, 1885. 109. Harry Burdell. b. .August
7, 1887. no. Josie Risley, b. Deceinber 18. 1895.

74. John Henry Collins, b. February 20, 1858; m. Arabella Kings, .April 7, 1877. They
had: III. Charles Lester, b. September 7, 1878: d. June 9. 1879; 112. Annie Bell. b. Sep-
tember 7, 1878 (twins): m. Harry Campbell, September 26, 1898. 113. Charles Lester, b.
October I, 1880. 114. Archie ^lark. b. January i, 1882. 1 15- Ethel May, b. December 29.
1884. 116. Bella, b. April 27. 1887. 117. Emily Jester, b. April 9, 1890. 118. Mark Roger,
b. September 10. 1892: d. June 18, 1893. 119. Irene, b. May 14, 1894. 120. Millie Leeds,
b. September 26, 1896.

76. Mary Eliza Collins, b. Jan. 13. 18&2; m. Frank Blackman. December 9. 1886. They
had: Florence, b. February 4, 1889. Myrtle Somers. b. May 31. 1891.

32. Asenath Collins, b. December 25, 1810; m. Jonathan Albertson. July 17, 1841. They
had, Levi Collins, b, December 6. 1844: m. Elizabeth Leeds, October i, 18(18. Elizabeth
Mathis, b. July 2, 1846; m. May Humphreys, November 14, 1878. John Collins, b. Sep-
tember 15, 1848; m. Julia T. Young, November 27, 1871. Daniel Lake, b. July I, 1851; m.
Eliza V. Endicott. November 22. 1871. Nicholas Sooy. b. .August 5, 1856; in. Sophie E.
Godfrey. June 20. 1880.

DOUGHTY FAHILY.

The Doughty family has lived at Absecon for two hundred years. (i) Edward
Doughty. Sr., is the oldest of whom there is any tradition. His son (2), Edward, Jr.. was
the father of (3) Jonathan, and the grandfather of (4) Abner Doughty, who was the father
of Gen. Enoch Doughty. Abner Doughty was born in 1755, and died in 182a. He married
Leah Holmes, nee Risley, widow of Capt. James Holmes of the Regular Army of the
Revolution, who was mortally wounded at the battle of Princeton. It is a tradition that
Gen. Washington dismounted that the wounded man might be carried from the field on his
horse, led by Sam Day, his servant.

Leah Holmes brought her wounded husband home to Absecon and cared for him till
he died, a short time afterwards. Later she married Abner Doughty and had five children.
The two first (5), James Holmes and (6) Joseph Rainard, died young.

(7) Daniel Doughty, who lost his life in the e.xplosion of the steamboat Mosell. the
tirst boat built to ply between Cincinnati and New Orleans. He married Emma Hilman
and had seven children, who have always lived west. These are Samuel, Elizabeth, Harriet.
Mary, Emma, .Abner and Edward.

(8) Nathaniel, son of Abner. b. November 25, 1794. lived with his brother. Gen. Enoch
Doughty, and died childless on his birthday, in 1852.

390 DAILY UNIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

((J) Gcii. Enoch Doughty, b. March 4, ijgj; <1. April 17, 1871; m. Charlotte Clark. He
was a iiKiu of powerful build and of great physical strength. He could lift one thousand
pounds with case and had great powers of endurance in supervising the interests of his
large estate and in traveling usually twice each week over primitive roads to Philadelphia
on business. He sent many cargoes of lumber, charcoal and tar to New Y'ork on vessels
built from his own estate.

Tar in those days was made from pine knots split and piled up on dish-like founda-
tions, made of smooth clay, so that from the centre a pipe underground would carry the
melting pitch to a nearby barrel. Even as charcoal is burned was the pitch driven out by
tire from the pile of pine knots and a superior quality of charcoal left behind. When the.
war of the rebellion broke out and the southern supply of tar was cut off, fancy prices were
paid for the tar from the Doughty estate.

Probably seventy-five or one hundred men at times found employment on the forests,
farm, coalings, mills and tar kilns of the estate for many years, and the business is con-
tinued by his daughter, the only survivor of the family, at the present time.

When Gen. Lafayette visited this country in 1825 Gen. Doughty was in command of
the militia that escorted him from New Y'ork to Philadelphia.

Gen. Doughty was a life long disciple of Democracy, and died in his 86th year, loved
and esteemed by all who knew him. He was long a leading man in this locality and held
many positions of honor and trust. During the war of 1812 he was a member of the Coast
Guards and ranked as Captain. He was High Sheriff of Old Gloucester before Atlantic was
cut off, in 1837. He was fearless in the discharge of his duty, and at one time refused a
challenge to fight a duel by a printer of Woodbury, who had some grievance against him.
He v.'as made Major of the First Division of the New Jersey Militia, and later promoted
to Brigadier General, a position which he held for many years. He was one of the original
promoters of the C. & A. Railroad, and a large stockholder in the enterprise, and a director
so long as he lived. He lost fifty thousand dollars in the enterprise, besides the heavy losses
from forest fires which devastated his estate. He was a member of the M. E. Church from
early youth, and largely interested in the welfare of the church and county. He passed to
his grave full of years and honors.

They had nine children: (10) John Holmes, who d. August 18, 1898, aged 80 years;
(11) Rebecca Wilson, d. October 2, 1889; (12) Abigail Hugg, d. March 18, 1851; (13)
Martha, d. young, March 11, 1829; (14) Leah, d. young, November 2, 1856; (15) Enoch
Alpheus, d. July 22, 1896, aged 60 years; (16) Sarah Natalie, only survivor; (17) Jane C,
d. young, June 14, 1852.

(10) John H. Doughty, for many years was one of the Lay Judges of Atlantic County,
and was highly respected by all who knew him. For fifty years he lived in a fine house
on the shore road in Absecon village, opposite the store which he kept, spending the last
seven years of his life at the old homestead, four miles westerly of the station and half a
mile from the railroad which his father helped to build. His only surviving child is Mrs.
Charles T. McMullin, of Philadelphia. He married Arabella Somers.

(15) Enoch Alpheus never married. For many years he was the manager of the
estate, succeeding his father as one of the directors of the Camden & Atlantic Railroad.
He had a wonderful memory and exceptional talents as a wit and a mimic, and was a social
favorite among his associates.

(12) Abigail Hugg m. David S. Blackman, of Port Republic, who d. October 13, 1884,
aged 69 years. They had five children:

Charlotte Amanda, who m. Dr. Jonathan Kay Pitney.

Sarah Francis, who m. Rev. James AI. Nourse, D. D.. President of New Windsor Col-
lege at New Windsor, Md., May 18, 1865.

Edwin H., d. April 30, 1873, aged 27 years.

Evaline Constantia m. William Glenn, a mining engineer of Richmond, Va., but who
now lives in Baltimore.

EXDICOTT FAMILY. 391

Winfield Scott, who d. young.

The children of Sarah Francis are Ilattie, Alplieus, Homer, Clarence Doughty, James
Francis and Mary Nourse.

The children of Evaline Constantia are Eva Constantia, \\'illiam Edwards, Charlotte
Sewel! and Robert Sterling Glenn.

^nfticciff,

SKETCH OF ENDICOTT FAMILY IN ATLANTIC COUNTY, N. J.

The Endicott family became settled in what is now Atlantic County probably iii the
early or middle part of the seventeenth century; the exact date is not now known. Ben-
jamin Endicott is the first of the name wdio is known to have resided within its limits. He
was a resident of Port Republic prior to the Revolutionary war. He served in that war
and was a prisoner in the hands of the British for a considerable time, confined in the
prison ships in New York harbor. He sufifered with his companions in this confinement,
all the inconveniences and bodily discomforts which gave to these prison-ships their hor-
rible reputation, the tradition of the family tells us. He suffered in other ways, for, whilst
he was in arms in the defence of his country, his property at home was greatly injured
when it was on the hne of the enemy's march. Hardships like this called forth the fnllowmg
action of the Continental Congress, December 19. 1777:

"Resolved, That General Washington be informed that, ni the opinion of Congress,
the State of New Jersey demands, in a peculiar degree, the protection of the armies of the
United States so far as the same can possibly be extended consistent with the safety of the
army and the general welfare, as that State lies open to attacks from so many quarters, and
the struggles which have been made by the brave and virtuous inhabitants of that State, in
defence of the common cause cannot fail to expose them to the particular resentment of a
merciless enemy."

Jacob Endicott was a brother of Benjamin. He was an officer in the Kevolutiuiiary
army, being second lieutenant of Captain Snell's Company, 3d Battalion. Gloucester County
troops, commissioned September 18, 1777.

The tradition in the family is that there were three brothers who first came to this
county, and that their settlement in Port Republic was directly the result of their being
shipwrecked upon the coast. It is probable that their ship was lost upon the Absecon or
Brigantine beach, and, if unmarried men, they may have found it agreeable to make their
future home in a place where, in unfortunate and distressful plight, they were welcomed
and relieved by a kindly people. Certainly they could not have found here a people such
as some writers have denominated "'Jersey Pirates," who are said to have lured unfortunate
mariners to their destruction by false lights on the shore in order that they might be
plundered in their helpless condition. The third brother was probably Samuel, and as he
is said to have been lost at sea and his body washed ashore at Cape May, may it not have
been in the original shipwreck named, and Cape May have referred to the South Jersey
coast generally? All these were sons of John Endicott. of Xorthamptnn. Burlington
Countj-, New Jersey.

DR. GEORGE T. ENDICOTT.

EXDICOTT FAMILY'. 393

Benjamin appears to be the only one wlio left issnc. He died in ijcjj. All the ICiuli-
cotts in Atlantic County are descended from him. His children were John, William, Jacnh.
Nicholas, Joseph, Sylvia, and Mary. All these children married and liad families, and up to
the year 1847 all the sons named were living.

Of the daughters. Sylvia married Matthew Collins, and Mary married KVi HiKhec.
Both of these left children, who reside in the vicinity of Port Republic.

The descendants of Benjamin were quite numerous. They inherited a love for the
sea. and many of the males gained a livelihood upon its waters, braving its dangers. Not
a few have found their final resting place in its deeps. This love of the sea goes back
further than those of the family who were the first to settle in this county. The same
spirit existed in the Massachusetts family, from which our branch is descended, and many
of those were daring and successful sailors in foreign seas, engaging in the trade with the
West Indies and China. All seem to have shared in those qualities and habits of life which
are so much influenced by the dangers, grandeurs and mysteries of the sea. They have
lived quiet, peaceful, useful lives, with little taste for public place or those activities which
are associated with public alTairs.

John, the eldest son of Benjamin, was born in 1772. He resided in Port Republic. He
was a man of considerable property and influence in the community, and was for a time
one of the County Judges. He lived to an advanced age, dying in 1857.

William, the second son. born in 1789, married Hannah Smith, and was the father 01 a
large family. He died in 1856. Of his eleven children, all four of the sons, Thomas,
Wesley, Samuel and William, followed in the footsteps of their father and became wedded
to the sea. Wesley and William went down with their vessel in a terrific southwest snow
storm, in 1857, a"d no vestige of any kind was left to tell the story.

Jacob, the third son, left children, whose descendants are living. Nicholas, the fourth
son, was born in 1791. and died in 1867. He married Rebecca Higbce, who sur\ive(l him
until 1883. when she died at the advanced age of 88 years. Their son, Captain Richard
Endicott. died in 1883, at the age of 62 years, without issue.

Other grandsons of Benjamin who have passed away in recent years are Jeremiah
Endicott and James L. Endicott, well known in the present generation. Their children are
living in Port Republic and Atlantic City, and a daughter, Mrs. Walters, in Absecon.

Of the grandsons of Benjamin. Thomas Doughty Endicott, son of William, was born
in Port Republic, January 14, 1815. Adopting the calling of his ancestors, he became the
master of a vessel at a very early age. and marrying Ann Pennington, a daughter of John
Pennington, of Mays Landing, in 1837, he took up his residence in that village. He im-
mediately built the Endicott homestead, which stands to-day the home of one of his daugh-
ters, maintained by his estate. All of the Mays Landing Endicotts are his children, and all
except the eldest were born in this home. Thomas was a man of rare qualities of mind
and heart. His life was exemplary in every respect. Upright, honest, just, kind hearted,
of superior judgment, he was successful in business and was held in the highest personal
esteem by the community. His wife was a woman no less noted for her o'wn ' superior
judgment and loving heart, and her unselfish devotion to her family and community, their
position was one of great usefulness. Thomas was a staunch friend of the church and
school, in which his ten children was brought up, and his thought, counsel and means
were given without stint to both. He never sought any public place of any kind, and in
his whole life never held but one office, that of a Pilot Commissioner of the State of New-
Jersey, and this was tendered to him because of his eminent fitness for the post, and without
any application or request of his own. Having acquired a competence and being in rather
delicate health he retired from the sea comparatively early in life to enjoy his home and
the companionship of his family and friends. He died May 28. 1884, surrounded by his
wife and the nine children who survived him.

Thomas had ten children, Charles G., Lucv. Catliarine B.. Mordecai T.. Isabella R.,

CHARLES G. ENDICOTT.

HXDICOTT FAMILY. 3;i5

Mary D,. Elizabeth P.. George W.. Hannah, ami Alhn H. Lncy ilioil in i,S(,5. All the
other children are living. Charles is a very succc-sliil ^hip-i.wner and niercliaiit in Xew
York City, but residing in Westfield. N. J. He is widely known in this State, and in ship-
ping circles, as a man of high character and of exceptional business probity and ability.

Mordecai is a civil engineer, graduating from the Polytechnic, Troy, N. Y., in the class
of 1868. After practicing his profession upon several works in private life, he was com-
missioned an officer of the corps of civil engineers in the U. S. Navy, in 1874. After a long
service upon many public works of the Navy, he was selected by President Cleveland, in 1895,
as one of the commission of three expert engineers to visit Nicaragua and make an exam-
ination, survey and report upon the possibility, permanence and cost of the construction
and completion of the Nicaragua Ship Canal. This commission was constituted by special
authority of Congress. In 1897 Congress directed the organization of the Armor Factory
Board to prepare plans, specifications and estimates of the cost of a plant for the manu-
facture of armor for war ships by the Government, m consideration of the high prices for
the same demanded by private establishments, and Mordecai was selected as a member of
the Board. In 1898 President McKinley appointed him Chief of the Bureau of Yards and
Docks of the Navy Department, with the rank of Commodore. In 1899, by autliority of an
Act of Congress, he was raised to the rank of Rear-.Admiral, U. S. Navy. He resides in
Washington. D. C.

, George graduated at the Jefferson ^ledical College in Philadelphia, and is a very suc-
cessful physician in Plainfield. N. J. He enjoys an exceptional reputation as a skillful
surgeon.

Allen graduated at the University of Pennsylvania, in tlie law department, and was
also a pupil in the office of the late Peter L. Voorhees. He is one of the first citizens of our
county. He is prominent in the practice of his profession and a most public spirited man.
He has served as County Collector, Solicitor of Atlantic City, and now fills the post of
Law Judge of the County. He resides in Atlantic City.

Of the daughters who survive, Catharine is the only one unmarried. She occupies the
old homestead in Mays Landing, which, by a provision of the father's will, is maintained
by his estate as a home for the unmarried daughters as long as any remain single. Of the
others, Isabella married Mr. Lucien B. Corson; ]\Iary D. married Mr. Daniel E. Iszard;
Elizabeth married the Rev. H. Rundell. and Hannah married Mr. Lewis Howell. Elizabeth
resides in Atlantic City, where her husband is a Presbyterian minister, and all the rest
live in Mays Landing. All these daughters are gentle, earnest, devoted women, who are
living useful lives, particularly earnest in their religious duties, and making the world
better for their presence.

The Endicotts of Atlantic County come of a distinguished ancestry, the very bluest
blood of New England. They are direct descendants of John Endicott, the first Governor
of Massachusetts.

John Endicott was born in Dorsetshire. England, in the year 1588. Very little is known
of his early life prior to the time he became known as a Puritan and a member of a little
colony organized in England, which came to the shores of New England in 1628. The
family to which he belonged was of respectable standing and moderate fortunes. He be-
longed to that class in England called "esquires," or "gentlemen," composed mainly at
that time of the independent landholders of the realm.

The Puritans sought refuge from persecution for religious opinions. A small settle-
ment was effected at Plymouth, in 1624, and this was so far successful that some men of
substance and means resolved to purchase a grant from the crown, which they effected "by
a considerable sum of money," and the project of establishing a colony in New England
was launched. One of this company, and the principal one to carry out its objects, was
John Endicott. He arrived at Cape Ann with his followers in the "Abagail." in 1628, when
40 years of age. The life of Mr. Endicott from this time to his death, in 1665. is a part of

HON. A. B. ENDICOTT.

:dic(

A.\l

;!07

the history of New Ensland. ntul the estabhshnicnt of free institiilnms in thi^ eouiitry.*
He was Governor of tlie Massachusetts Colony it> years, and served longer continuously
than any other. Dr. Bentley, the historian, says: "Above all others, he deserved the name
of the father of New England." Mr. Felt calls him "The father of New England." Mr.
Upham says of him. "Mr. Endicott was the most representative man of all the New England
colonists."

He passed through all the military grades to that of Sergeant Major-General of Massa-
chusetts. He was an intrepid and successful leader, a man of superior intellectual endow-
ments and mental culture, vigorous mind and a fearless and independent spirit. With great
energy and firmness of character, aided by religious enthusiasm, his faith and confidence
never forsook him, and the whole colony looked up tn him in all their hardships, privations
and struggles for livelihood and religious ami pulitir.il freedom. He was a man of very
tender conscience. Longfellow says, "He i- a man Imtli loving and austere; and tender
heart; a will infle.xible."

Such was the first Endicott to come to this country, ami from whom tlmse of the family
in this county trace their descent.

Governor Endicott had two sons. John and Zeru])baliel. John died without issue.
Zerubbabel had seven children, five sons an,l iw.. .laughters. One of the sons. Joseph,

^E ENCICOTT HOMESTEAD AT

was born at Salem, Mass.. in 16O9. He was christened at the Fir-t Churc
17. 1672. He moved from Massachusetts to Northampton, in the count
New Jersey, in 1698. As he was the first to enter this State, this year is

)f Burlington,
J02d anniver-

;ov. Endicott t

revalent in the colonies, and the Ear

of Clarendon

in framinf

marked that ■■/liey wen- all luirdened

MORDECAI T. ENDICOTT.

EXDICOTT FAMILY. 399

sriry of tlie settlfim-iit of tliis family in Xcw .K-rscy. Joseph was the only graiulson fii the
Governor to come to this State, and all the Xew Jersey Endicotts are descended from him.
He died in May. 1747, at Northampton, aged 75 years. He left at his death, according to
his will recorded in the ofifice of the Secretary of State, at Trenton, two sons, John and
Joseph, and two daughters, Anna Gillam and Elizabeth Deloraine. A grandson, Joseph
Bishop, is also mentioned. In a deed executed by him and recorded in what is now Rox-
ford, Massachusetts, he styles himself "Joseph Endicott, of Northampton. County of finr-
lington, in West Jersey, in the Government of New York, yeoman."

Joseph had two sons, as stated above. Of the second. Joseph, there i^ n<i memorial.
and he probably never married. The first son, John, is the only one who left issue. ;ind
all who came to Atlantic County are descended from him.

John Endicott had six children: Samuel, Zerubbabel. Benjamin. Jacob. Mary, who
married a Mr. IMatlock. and Sarah, who married a J\Ir. Hancock. He is said to have died
at a very advanced age, but the year is not now known. Three of his sons came to Atlantic
County, and the only one of these who left issue is Benjamin Endicott. the soldier of the
Revolution, with whom our story began.

Portraits of Governor John Endicott show that his descendants in the seventh gen-
eration, in New Jersey, bear much resemblance to him, as do the children in the eighth.
Many of these possess the traits, of character which history records as belonging to their
distinguished ancestor. Few of this family in this country have held public office. Governor
Endicott was a central figure in the early colonial history of New England for nearly 40
years, but all the great duties and honors came to him; it is said that they "fell upon him."
Not one is known to have been a politician in the ordinary acceptation of that term. Mr.
William Endicott, of Salem, Massachusetts, who was the Secretary of War in President
Cleveland's Cabinet, is a fifth cousin of the present generation in this county. His daugh-
ter, Miss Endicott, married the present Right-Honorable Joseph Chamberhiin, of the
British Cabinet, being Colonial Secretary. He is the central figure in the present war con-
test between Great Britain and the Boers in Africa. It is believed that the very cordial
relations which have existed in so marked a degree between Great Britain and this country
since Mr. Chamberlain's advent to power as a leader, arc largely the result of his marriage
with this beautiful American girl.

400 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

FRAMBES FAHILY.

1. Peter Franibes, b. September 15, 1723, in Holland, early emigrated to this country,
being a small child. He settled in Pennsylvania, but was driven out by the Indians.
On the same ship came Mary Margaretta Hoffman, also a small child. Peter Frambes
married Mary M. Hoffman and they moved to Gloucester CouiUy, N. J., settling on a
tract of land back of Zion Churcli, this county. Peter was a weaver by trade. He had the
following children:

2. Nicholas, b. June i. 1758; d. June 25, 1835; m.. first, Sarah Rape; second, Naomi
Scull; third, Elsie Collins Scull. 3. Andrew, b. October 7, 1759; m. Sarah English. 4.
Peter, b. December 22, 1761; m. Alice Somers. 5. John, b. December 28, 1763; d. Sep-
tember 2, 1861; m., first. Polly Chamberlain; second. Margaret Garwood; third, Elizabeth
Garwood Risley. 6. Mary Ann, b. December 30, 1765; d. October 15, 1851; m. David
Dennis. 7. Michael; m., first, Mary Dole; second, Sallie Brandriff. 8. Sarah; d. February

23, 1825; m. Thomas Garwood. 9. Margaretta, b. October 20. 1772; d. March 22. 1824; m.
Christopher Vansant. 10. Rachel; m. Peter Boice.

2. Nicholas Frambes, b. June i, 1758, was a tar-maker by trade, and lived at Catawba,
then a flourishing village near Mays Landing. He served in the revolutionary war. June,
1785, he married Sarah Rape, daughter of Christopher Rape. Their children were:

II. Mary, b. April 6. 1786; d. February i, 1862; m. Daniel Edwards. 12. Job. b. June
9. 1788; d. April II, 1884; m.. first. Hannah Irelan; second, Alice Vansant. 13. David, b.
Sentcmber 15, 1790; d. April 28, 1867; m. Mary Ann Frambes; second, Louisa Clark. 14.
Sarah, b. November 12, 1792; m. James Smith. 15. Andrew, b. February 12. 1796; d. June
•25. 1875; m., first. Sarah Somers; second. Margaret Adams Baker.

2. Nicholas Frambes m.. second, Naomi Scull, daughter of Joseph Scull, and went to
Bargaintown, living on what is now known as the Richard Scull farm. Nicholas' third wife
was Elsie Collins Scull, daughter of Richard Collins and widow of Abel Scull.

3. Andrew Frambes. b. October 7. 1759, served in the war of the revolution. He m.
Sarah English. They had: 16. Joseph. 17. Peter.

4. Peter Frambes. b. December 22, 1761, was a farmer and lived in this county on what
was known as the Doughty Place, above Zion Church. He was drowned in Great Egg
Harbor inlet, his widow supported the children by running the old mill, which is still
standing at Bargaintown. Peter m. Alice Somers. They had: 18. Rebecca, d. November

24, 1848; m. Daniel Tilton. 19. Hosea. b. December 20, 1785; d. January 17, 1857; m.
Amelia Risley. 20. Aaron, b. 1790; d. February 22. 1822; m. Charlotte Cordery. 21. Mary
Ann. b. 1791; d. December 7. 1823; m. David Frambes. 22. Margaretta, m. Enoch Inger-
sol. 23. James.

5. John Frambes. b. December 28, 1763: d. September 2, 1861. He lived in the old brick
house still standing in Pleasantville. He m.. first, Polly Chamberlain. They had: 24.
John, b. January 16. 1803; d. November 5. 1891; m. Eliza Dennis.

(5) John Frambes m., second, Margaret Garwood. Thev had: 25. Peter, m. Alice
Tilton.

(5) John's third wife was Mrs. Elizabeth Garwood Risley, sister of his second wife.

6. Mary Ann Frambes, b. December 30, 1765; d. October 15, 1851; lived at Catawba,
English Creek; m. David Dennis. They had: 26. Joel; m., first, Margaret Risley; second,
Sarah Ann Risley. 27. David, m. Hannah Hickman. 28. Eliza, ni. John Frambes. 29.
Sarah, m. John Barber. 30. Eunice, ni. John Leap. 31. Abigail, m. Merrick Lambson. ^2.
Hannah, m. Samuel Barber. 33. Constant, m. Polly Scull.

7. Michael Frambes; m., first, Mary Dole; second, Sallie Brandriff. He lived at Pleas-
antville. His children were: 34. Nicholas, m. Lydia Kendall. 35. Joseph Dole. in. Rachel
Lee. 36. Joel. ^y. James Coates. 38. Mary Ann. m. Aaron Ingersoll. 39. Rachel, m.
George Robinson. 40. Eunice, m. Felix Leeds. 41. Richard.

8. Sarah Frambes, m. Thomas Garwood. Bargaintown. They had: 42. Joshua, m.

FK.\.MBi:S FAMILY. 401

Lydia Shaw. 43- Thomas, b. May 17. 1805; d. September ;. 1874: m.. first. Mary Smith;
second, Jemima Somers Bennett. 44. Davis, m. Lettice Ann Somers. 45. I'olly. m, Sanuui
Price. 46. Meriam. m. William Price. 47. Margaret. 48. Hannah, ni. Japhet Irelan.

g. Margaret Frambes, b. October 20, 1772; d. March 22. 1824; m. Chri.stopher \an-
sant, ship carpenter. They had: 49. Jethro, b. October 29. 1797; d. May 30, 1832. 50.
John. b. Xovember 15. 1802: d. November 16. 1884: m. Talitha Suthard. 51. Job. m. Sarah
Risley. 52. Alice, b. February _■(.. 1807; .1. January 15, 1884; m. Job I'rambes. 3,i. .Margaret,
m. Francis Somers. 54. Mary .\nn. m. Cornelius Robinson. 55. D.miel. 111. I'.meline Ben-
nett. 56. Susan, m. Thomas Morris.

10. Rachel Frambes m. Peter Boice. They had: 57. Peter, b. Decem1>er 23. 1805: d.
August 30, 1892; m. Sarah Ann Chamberlain. 58. Mary, b. 1801; ni., first. James Risley;
second. Risley Adams. 59. Richard, b. 1803. (10. \\illiam, b. June 28. t8o8; d. Septend>cr
13, 1869: m. Leah Robinson.

11. Mary Frambes, b. April 6. 1786; d. February i. 1862; m. Daniel Kdward-. They
had: 61. Susanna, b. 1805; d. 1808. 62. Sarah, b. November 15. 180O: d. Fcbru:iry 5. 1877;
ni. Constant Somers. 63. Mary, b. 1816; m. Henry S. Stcelman. (14. Susanna, b.
1819; m., first. John R. Somers; second, John Somers.

12. Job Frambes. b. June g. 1788; d. April 11, 1884; m., first, Hannah, daughter of
Japhet Irelan. They had: 65. Frances Anna, b. October 3, 1817; d. November 21, 1893; m.
Mark Lake. 66. Mary, b. October 3, 1819: d. May 9, 1821. 67. Lewis S.. b. January 10,
1822: d. March 7. 1878; m. Charlotte Irelan. 68. Richard I., b. April 28. 1824; m. Mary
Tilton. 69. Mary P., b. November 28, 1826; m. Sedgwick Rusling Leap. 70. .Mahlon C.
b. January 10. 1829: m. Mary E. Steelman. 71. Japhet I., b. September 14, 1831; ni. Eliza
Price. 72. Hannah, b. November 20, 1836; m. Rev. John I. Corson.

(12) Job Frambes was a sea captain and ship builder. During the war of 1812 his
vessel was captured, burned, and the crew put ashore. Later he served as a Lieutenant in a
Gloucester County company, called Home Guards. He m., second, .\lice Vansant.

13. David Frambes, b. September 15. 1790; d. April 28, 1867; m., first, Mary .Ann
Frambes, daughter of Peter Frambes. David was a farmer and vessel builder and lived at
Steelmanville. They had: 73. Nicholas. 74. Matilda, m. Enoch Risley. 75. Hannah, m.
Enoch Risley. 76. Daniel, m., first, Mary Margarum: second, Mary Predmore.

(13) David m.. second. Louisa Clark, April 17, 1825. They had: 77. Mary .\nn. b.
January 3, 1826; d. August 21, 1826. 78. Charlotte Rebecca, b. December 13, 1827; m. Wm.
Moore. 79. Martha, b. October 21, 1829; m. John Brown. 80. Mary Ann, b. September
l6, 1831: m. Jonathan Waters. 81. James Somers. b. December 4, 1833; d. March 16, 1858;
drowned in Illinois River. 82. Susan C. b. August 28. 1835; m. Ezra Price. 83. David
Clark, b. June 9. 1838.

14. Sarah Frambes, b. November 12, 1792, daughter of Nicholas and Sarah Rape
Frambes, m. James Smith. They had: 84. Nicholas, d. July 24, 1890; m. Sarah Lake. 85.
Richard, m. Emeline Somers. 86. James S., b. October 22, 1825; d. January 22, 1898; m.,
first. Juliet Somers Blackman; second. Margaret Ingersoll: third. Polly English. 87. Job,
m. Elizabeth Ingersoll. 88. Hannah, m.. first, Lewis Somers; second. Lucas Lake.

15. Andrew Frambes, b. February 12. 1796; d. June 25, 1875; was a farmer and lived on
the Richard Scull farm at Bargaintown. He m., first, Sarah Somers. They had: 89. Rox-
anna. b. October 19, 1822; d. November 17, 1896; m. Jonas Higbee. 90. Phoebe, b. .August
24. 1833; m., first, James Johnson; second, John Preston. 91. Sarah, b. January 24, 1825;
d, January 8, 1858; m, Daniel Leach. 92. Mary E.. b. January 14, 1828; d. July 18, i860;
m, Wesley Leeds. 93. Nicholas, b. November 12, 1830; m. Amanda Ingersoll. 94- Caroline
S., b. March 18, 1836; m. Samuel L. Wayne. 95. Samuel Somers, b, .August 11, 1838; d.
January 28, 1889; m., first, Hester Blackman; second, Josephine Race Yates. 96. Eliza
Ann S.. b. May 2. 1841; m. John Henry Tilton. 97. Howel Cooper, b. January 18. 1844: m.
.Abby Higbee.

402 D.MLY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

(15 1 Amlrcw m., second. Margaret Adams Baker. Tliey had: 98. .Andrew, b. .May ,s.
1850; d. July J9. 1850.

18. Rebecca Franibes ni. Daniel Tilton. Slie died November 24, 1848. Tliey had:
99. Peter, d. July 29, 1828. 100. Elva, d. September 2. 1828. lOi. .-Mice, m. Peter Frambes.
102. Daniel Edward, d. September 16. 1835. 'O,?- John Walker, m. Caroline Somers. 104.
Margaret.

19. Hosea Frambes. b. December 20. 1785; d. J:inuary 17, 1857; m. Amelia Risley.
They had: 105. Joseph R.. b. August 17, 1820; d. July 8, 1853: m. Jemima Leeds. 106.
Alice, b. June 27, 1822; m. Enoch Lee. 107. Mary, b. October 31, 1824; d. November 5,
1882; m. Absalom Doughty. 108. Elizabeth, b. November 6, 1826; d. September 7, 1875;
m. John Somers. 109. Sarah Keen, b. August 19, 1828; d. September 16, 1844. no. Judith,
b. June IS, 1830: m. Dr. Samuel Edmonds, in. Rebecca, b. October 24, 1832; d. July 5,
1886; m. John Somers. 112. Fannie, b. May 17, 1835; m. Benjamin Burrough. 113. .\melia,
b. May 6, 1837; d. July 13, 1851.

20. Aaron Franibes, b. 1790; d. December 22, 1822: m. Charlotte Cordery, November ig,
1815. They had: 114. Peter, b. February 14, 1816. 115. Rebecca, b. January 14, 1817; m.
Fred. Chamberlain. 116. Mary Ann, b. January 17, 1819; m. Daniel Steelman. 117. .Aaron,
b. March 14, 1822; d. January 4, 1895; m. Amy Babcock.

22. Margaret Frambes m. Enoch Ingersoll. They had: 118. James. 119. Fransanna.
m. Samuel Gaskill. 120. Samuel.

24. John Frambes, b. January 16, 1803; d. November 5, 1891 ; m. Eliza Dennis.
They had: 121. Margaret, b. August 4, 1826. 122. Walter Burroughs, b. December 4. 1827;
m. Jane Champion. 123. Ruth E., b. September 9. 1829; m. John Leeds. 124. .Anna Mary,
b. October 9. 1833: m. Dr: Willard Wright. 125. Emeline, b. March 3, 1841 ; m. Pardon
Ryon, Jr.

25. Peter Frambes m. Alice Tilton. They had: 126. Elva. m. Belle Stephen. 127.
Lewis S., m., first Susan Taunton; second, Elizabeth Brown. 128. Edward, m. Caroline
Seal. 129. Rev. John, m. Adelaide Hoopes. 130. Margaret.

34. Nicholas Frambes m. Lydia Kendall. They had: 131. Ann, m. Joseph Race. 132.
Susan, m. Robert Moore. 133, Hannah, m. Israel Shaw. 134. Sarah, m. Joseph Bowen.
135. Emeline, m. Evan Risley. 136. Charles, m. Sophia Adams. 137. Harriet, m. Jesse
Reed. 138. Elmer, m. Elizabeth Barhoff.

35. Joseph Dole Frambes m. Rachel Lee. They had: 139. Richard Lee. 140. Peter
Tilton, b. December 8, 1830; d. April 19, 1878; m. Ellen Wright. 141. .Abraham ^^'oolston,
m. Rebecca Jane Ingersoll. 142. Margaret Vansant, m. Benjamin Steelman. 143. .Alice
Rebecca, m. Evan Adams. 144. Caroline, m. John Harrold. 145. Elizabeth Somers, m.
Bailey Tomlinson. 146. Elijah Lee. 147. Joseph Alonzo.

38. Mary Ann Frambes m. Aaron Ingersoll. They had: 148. Annie, m. Richard
Harris. 149. Joseph Frambes, m. Susan Somers.

Rachel Frambes m. Geo. Robinson. They had: 150. Alary Rebecca, m. Searad.
151. Lifelett. 152. Samuel.

40. Eunice Frambes m. Felix Leeds. They had. 153. Elizabeth, m. Joseph Sapp. 154.
Eliza, m. Abel Babcock. 155. Mary, m. Henry Martense.

65. Polly I. Frambes, m. Hugh Wicks; William, m. Ann Lee; Job, m. first, .Annie
Jeffries, second Elizabeth Clark; Edward; Hannah, m. John W. Smith; Annie, m. Edward
Pryor; Lewis, m. Abby Burroughs; Daniel, m. Carrie Adams; Henry, m. Jennie Carney.

67. Lewis S. Frambes, b. January 10. 1822; d. Alarch 7, 1878; m. Charlotte Irelan,
October 8, 1854. They had: 156. Julia, b. July 27. 1855; d. April i, 1856. 157. Alfred I.,
b. May 21, 1858; m. Almedia Smith. 158. Alice. 159. Sarah .A., m. Geo. J. Sickler. 160.
Harriet I. 161. Lottie L., m. Wm. Hutchinson.

68. Richard I. Frambes, b. April 28, 1824; m. Mary Tilton. They had: 162. Margaret,
m. Daniel Collins. 163. Hannah. 164. Ezra. m. Elizabeth .Adams. 165. Harriet, m. James
E. Steelman. 166. Job.

FRAMBi:S FA.\1!L\. 403

69. Wary 1'. Frninbcs. b. Nnvcmhcr j8, 182(1; in. Scdgwiclc Rvi>liiiji Ltap. Tluy liad:
167. John P.. m. Julia Ware. i68. Laura.

70. Mahlon C. Franibes. b. January 10. 1829: ni. Mary E. Stccbiian. They had: 169.
Henry, b. February 7, 1856; ni. Mary Louisa Price. 170. Smith, b. June 22, 1859; m. Kate
Waters. 171. Lizzie, b. September 2, 1862; d. February i.^. 1863. 172. Lizzie, b. May 18,
1866: m. Jas. H. Mason. 173. SalHc E.. b. April 22. 1868; m. Harry H. Smith. Jr.

71. Japhet I. Frambes. b. September 14. 1831: m. Eliza Price. They had: 174. Han-
nette, m. Bolton Stcelman. 175. Polly P., m. Albert Wilson. 176. Julia, m. Geo. English.
I//- Japhet. 178. Ina. m. Ira Smith. 179. Ulysses. 180. Asbury. 181. Elijah.

74. Matilda Frambes m. Enoch Risley. They had: 182. ;Mary, m. Henry Bates. 183.
Mark. 184. Hannah, m. Walter Steelman. 185. Jane. 186. Elizabeth. 187. Edward, ni.
Eunice Turner. :88. David.

76. Daniel E. Frambes m.. first. Mary Margaruni. They had: kSc). Eva. irjo.
Ella, m. Daniel Williams. 191. Lizzie, m. Then. Mackeral. 192. Enini.-i. m. Hor:ice Wood.

76. Daniel E. m.. second, Mary Predmore. They had: 193. Frank.

78. Charlotte Rebecca Frambes, b. December 13, 1827, m. \\'m. .Moore. Tluy had:
194. Will, m. Laura Price. 195. Howard. 196. Ida. 197. Edward.

80. Mary .Ann Frambes, b. September 16, 1831, m. Jonathan \\'aters. Thev had: 198.
Kate, m. Smith S. Frambes. 199. Claude, m. Augustus Pitenger.

82. Susan C. Frambes, b. August 28, 1835, m. Ezra Price. They had: 200. Edwin F.,
m. Rachel Steelman. 201. ilary Louisa, m. Henry Frambes. 202. Laura. 203. James
204. Laura, m. Will Moore. 205. Martha, m. Harry Hawkins. 206. Sarah. 207. Clark.
208. Eunice. 209. Jehu m. Sallie Brown.

89. Ro.xanna Frambes. b. October ig, 1822: d. November 17. 1896; m. Jonas Higbee.
They had. 210. Henry, m. .Annie Shrouds. 211. Lewis. 212, John. 213. .Andrew Franibes.
214. Chas. Ezra. 215. Wilmer M., m. Sarah Hagan. 216. Sarah Cornelia, m. Eli S. .Amole.

90. Phoebe Frames, b. August 24, 1833; m., first, James Johnson. Tluy liad: Charks.

90. Phoebe m., second, John Preston. They had: ^Mortimer.

91. Sarah Frambes. b. January 24, 1825: d. January 8. 1858: m. Daniel Leech. They

had: 217. Sarah, m. Ricliard Da\ is. 218. Charles, m. Lillian . 219. Lewi-. 220.

Annie, m. Harrv Keates.

92. Mary E. Frambes. b. January 14. 1828: d. July 18, i860: m. Wesley

Leeds. Thev

had: 221. Eliza Ann. m. Parker Tilton. 222. Lewis, m. Lettice Robinson. 2

23. Annie, m.

Philip Lindle.

93. Nicholas Frambes, b. November 12, 18.30; m. Amanda Ingersoll. Th

ey had: 224.

Walter, m. Ida Loveland. 225. Laura, m. Morris Cheyeny. 226. Emeline. .

-'27, William.

m. Clara Sampson. 228. Rena.

94. Caroline S. Frambes. b. March 18, 1836: m. Samuel L. Wayne. Th

ey had: 229.

William. 2.30. Helen; 231. Sarah, twins. 232. Harry. 233. Samuel. 234. I

■rederick. m.

Jennie . 235. Harriet, m. Lewis Somcrs.

95. Samuel Somers Frambes. b. August 11. 1838: d. January 28, 1889; m,.

, first. Hester

Blackman. They had: 236, Winfield, m. Selina Collins. 237. Risley. m. .>

umie Gaskill.

238. Annie, m. Edward Higbee.

Samuel Somers Frambes m.. second, Josephine Race Vates. They had:

239. Jr.seph.

240.. Somers.

96. Eliza Ann S. Frambes. b. May 2, 1841; m. John Henry Tilton. Th.

ey had; 241.

Ephrina, m. John Norwood. 242. Howel. 243. Wallace.

97. Howel Cooper Frambes. b. January 18. 1844: m. Abby Hi,i;l.ee. Th

ey ha.l: 244.

Lucilla, m. George Harris. 245. Curtis.

105. Joseph R. Frambes, b. .August 17. 1820; m. Jemima Leeds. Tluy ha<

1: 240. Mary

Louise, m., first, Aaron Chamberlain: lost at -ea. Sei.teniber. 1876. age 32 y<.

■ars; -econd,

Small.

404 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

loG. Alice Fninihcs. b. June- 27. ii<^^: "i- Enoch Lee. They had: 247. Richard Ed-
mund. 248. Richard H., m. Ellen Mathis. 249. Elizabeth, m. Josiah Lee. 250. Flora.

107. ]\Iary Frambes, b. October 31, 1824; d. November 5, 1882; m. Absalom Doughty.
They had: 251. Annie, m. Lewis Babcock. 252. John, m. Emma Smith. 253. Joseph.
254. Henry, m. Emma Boyd. 255. Hosea, m. Helen Peverly. 256. William, m. Alice Cooper.

108. Elizabeth Frambes, b. November 6. 1826; d. September 17, 1875; m. John Somers.
They had: 257. William H., b. March 25, 1841; d. September 18, 1848. 258. Winfield, b.
February 18, 1849: d. August 18, 1850. 259. Sarah Amelia, b. July 27, 1851; d. June 22,
1881; m. Edwin Haddock. 260. Winfield, ni. Annie Welch. 261. Louise, b. December 26,
i860: d. July 5. 1886.

Judith Frambes, b. June 15, 1830; m. Dr. Samuel Edmonds. They had: 262. J\Iary,
d. September 16, 1879. 263. Joseph, m. May Tomlin. 264. Laura. 265. Arfe, b. December,
4, 1899. 266. Minnie, d. August 19, 1880.

115. Rebecca Frambes. b. January 14, 1817; m. Fred Chamberlain. They had: 267.
Joel, m. Rachel Ann Higbee. 268. Richard, m. Rebecca Steelnian. 269. Mary Ann, m.
Holmes Henderson. 270. Aaron, m. !Mary Louise Frambes. 271. Jesse. 272. Elizabeth.
273. Evalina. 274. Sarah Ann.

116. Mary Ann Frambes, b. January 17, 1S19; m. Daniel Steelnian. They had: 275.
Joel, m. Higbee. 276. Charlotte, m. Abel Babcock. 277. Rebecca, m. Charles Tilton. 278.
Frederick. 279. Kate. 280. Walter. 281. Florence. 282. Augusta.

117. Aaron Frambes, b. March 14, 1822; d. January 4, 1895; m. Amy Babcock; b. }\Iay
8, 1825; d. February 10, 1899. They had: 283. Hester, m., first, Joseph Joslin; second.
Steelman Tilton. 284. Margaret, m. Jonathan Joslin. 285. John B. 286. Amy Corena, m.
Daniel Tilton Boice.

122. Walter Burroughs Frambes, b. December 4, 1827; m. Jane Champion. They had:

123. Ruth E. Frambes, b. September 9, 1829; m. John Leeds. They had: 289. Annie.
287. George, m. Nell Hammell. 288. Eliza, m. John Howell.

290. Frank. 291. Eliza. 292. Lewis. 293. Revilla. 294. Emma, m. Dr. Clarkson.

125. Emeline Frambes, b. March 3, 1841; m. Pardon Ryon. Jr. They had: 295. John,
m. Mary Ireland. 296. Frank, m. Clara Treen. 297. Arthur.

127. Lewis S. Frambes, m., first, Susan Taunton. They had: 298. Margaret, m. Frank
Fisher. 299. Alice. 300. Lorine. 301. Charles. 302. Lewis.

127. Lewis S. Frambes m., second, Elizabeth Brown. They had: 303. Emma. m.
Richard Landis. (304- Stella. Third wife's child.)

128. Edward Frambes, m. Caroline Seal. They had. 305. Ella, m. James Wilson. 306.
Florence. 307. Alice. 308. Theodore.

129. Rev. John Frambes m. Adelaide Hoopes. They had: 309. Adelaide. 310. Lewis.
311. Horace. 312. Walter.

131. Ann Frambes m. Joseph Race. They had: 313. Arnold, m., first, Etta Sooy;
second, Nettie .\shton. 314. Josephine, m., first, Wm. Yates; second. Samuel Somers
Frambes. 315. Emma, m. William Hammell. 316. Martha, m. William Champion. 317.
Willis.

132. Susan Frambes ni. Robert ^loore, of Philadelphia. They had: 318. Reuben, m.
Lydia Steelman. 319. Mary, m. Sheppard Sooy. 320. Joseph, m. Jennie Ireland. 321. Ida.

133. Hannah Frambes m. Israel Shaw. They had: 322. Alonzo. 323. Frank. 324. Ida.
325. Mary Emma. 326. George.

134. Sarah Frambes m. Joseph Bowen. They had: 327 . Clark, m. Experience Barrett.
328. Nicholas. 329. Lydia Ann, m. Faulkner Willis. 330. Samuel G. 331. Somers, m.

Mattie . .332. Charles, m. Lizzie Booye. 333. Alice, m. Richard Willis. 334. Rox-

anna. ni. Harry Helfrich. 335. Joseph.

135. Emeline Frambes m. Evan Risley. They had: 336. Nettie, m. Preston B. .\dams.
337. Harry, m. Sallie Bamstead. 338. Kate. m. George Adams. 339. Charles, m. Lilian

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Blake. 340. Edna. m. Clarence Nicholson, .^i. Ma. 111. Howard H.irriv .?4^. Gertrude.
343. Warner. 344. Raymond.

136. Charles Franibes m. Sopliia Ailanis. They had: ,;45. liami.di l.ydia. m. David
Leeds.

137. Harriet Frambes m. Jesse Reed. They ha,l: 340.
347. Josephine, m. W'intield Scott Price. 34S. I'.lnor.i. m. ['1
ni. Martin Lear. 350. Lizzie. 111. Gideon .\danis. 331. luiini
354. Walter.

140. Peter Tilton Frambes ni. Ellen Wright. They hac
July 28, 1856. 356. Eva W.. b. September i, 1858: m.\'incent
b. August 26, i860: m. Jerryetta Mason. 358. Mabella .\zile.
5. 1882. 339. Nell Marette, b. April 16, 1875.

141. Abraham Woolston Frambes m. Rebecca Jane Ingersoll. TIu> had: 3(10. Joseph
Dole. m. Clara Buzby.

142. ^Margaret Vansant Frambes m. Benjamin Steclman. They had: 361. Eliza, m.
William Steelman. 362. Susanna, m. Al. Paynter. 363. Etlena. ni. Richard R. Albertson.
364. Calvin, m. Lizzie Tyler. 365. Ella, m. Edward Horner. 366. John. 367. Josephine.
368. John, m. Eliza Lippincott. 369. iMargaret. 370. Bradford, ni. .^nnie Mumford.

143. Alice Rebecca Frambes m. Evan Adams. They had: 371. Susanna. 372. Susanna,
m. Henry Haines. 373. Oliver. 374. Willis. 375. Abby, m. Frank Smith. 376. Willis.
377. Olive. 378. Adelia, m. Frank Abbott.

144. Caroline Frambes m. John Harrold. They had: 379. Joseph Frambes. m. Bessie
Dunlap. 380. Charles Dennis, ni. Mary Donnelly. 381. William. 382. James \\'ood. m.
]\Iary Kennedy. 383. John. m. Anna Birmingham. 384. Thomas. 385. Caroline, m. Peter
Smith.

145. Elizabeth Somers Franibes m. Bailey Toinlinson. They had: 386. Joseph Dole,
m. Helen Watson. 387. Charles Woolston. 388. Isabel. 389. Agnes. 390. Grace, m.
Evermond Reeves. 391. Frederick Lee. 392. Jesse Radnor. 393. Walter Somers.

156. Alfred Frambes, b. May 21. 1858: m. Almedia Smith: b. September 10, 1859. They
had: 394. Lewis, b. January 6. 1884. 395. Edward, b. February 27. 1888. 396. Horace, b.
December 5. 1889. 397. Lottie, b. April 9. 1893.

158. Sarah A. Frambes m. George J. Sickler. Thev had: 3(18. Harrv Tieticn. b. July
21, 1883.

159. Lottie L. Franibes m. William Hutchinson. They had: 399. Flelen.

161. Margaret Frambes m. Daniel Collins. Tliey had 400. Mary. 401. Liiia. m. Jolin
Race. 402. Martha. 403. Richard F.. m. Kate Scull. 404. Daniel, m. Lizzie Babcock.

163. Ezra Frambes m. Elizabeth Adams. They had: 405. Ezra.

164. Harriet Frambes m. James E. Steelman. They had: 406. Mary- 407. Harriet.
408. Rose. 409. Edward.

168. Henry Frambes. b. February 7. nSjO: in. Mary Louise Price. They had: 410.
Ella. 411. Page Winberg. 412. Susan. 413. Mabel. 414. ^lahlon.

169. Smith Frambes, b. June 22, 1859: m. Kate \\'aters. They had: 415. Mary. 41').
Raymond; 417. Stanley, twins.

171. Lizzie Frambes. b. May. 1886: m. Jas. H. Mason. Jr. They h:,rl: 41X. Mary. b.

Feljruarv

December 10. 1892. 419. James F.. b. November 14. 1893.

420. Lewis F.. b.

7, 1894-

172. Sallie E. Frambes. b. April 22. 1868: m. Harry H.

Smith. Jr. They h

Alice, b. August. 1894. 422. Marion, b. January, 1896.

173. Hannette Frambes m. Boltcjii Steelman. Thev had:

423. Mary. 424. M;

Edna.

174- Polly P. Frambes ni. .\Iben Wi!-.,n. They had: 4^

!(,. Ethel. 4-'7- Mert

I\Lirjorie. 429. Albert.

406 DAILY UXIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

175 Julia Franibcs 111. George English. They ha.l: 4,30. George llilyard.

177. Ilia Franilies 111. Ira D. Smith. They had: 431. Herbert.

■235- Winfield Franibes m. Seliiia Collins. They had: 432. Ida. 433. Roy.

236. Risley Franibes m. Annie Gaskill. They had: 434. May. 435. Charles.

237. Annie Franibcs 111. Edward Higher. They had: 436. Essie. 437. Fred.

245. Mary Louise Franibcs 111. Aaron Chamberlain, who was lost at sea in September.

1876. They had one child. The second husband is Small, and they had one child:

438. Ethel.

286. George Franibes 111. Mell Hammell. They had: 439. 440. Clarence. 441.

Walter. 442. Rena.

297. Margaret Franibes m. Frank Fisher. They had: 443. Frank. 444. Adelaide.

304. Ella Franibes m. James Wilson. They had: 445. Marion.

355. Eva W. Franibes, b. September i, 1858, m. Vincent F. Lake of Pleasantville, July
S. 1876. They had: 446. Eugene Tilton, b. May 3. 1877. 447- Miranda D., b. June 8, 1880.
448. Mabelle F.. b. July 27. 1882. 449. Victor Edwin, b. March g. 1885.

356. Edwin Bartlett Franibes. b. August 26. i860; 111. Jerryetta Mason. January 15. 1881.
They had: 450. Mary A. H.. b. October 3. 1884.

r.S'J. Joseph Dole Franibes m. Clara Buzby. They had: 451- Frank. 452. Roy.

LAKE FA/niLY.

I. Daniel Lake. Ijorn in 1740. was one of the early settlers in Gloucester, now .\tlantic
County. He married Sarah Lucas, of Burlington County. Their children were: 2. Chris-
topher, b. October i, 1765: m. a Dutch woman. 3. Daniel, b. August 7, 1767: m. Ann
Leeds. 4. Jemima, b. October 18. 1768. 5. Tabitha, b. May 27, 1770. 6. Sarah, b. Decem-
ber 2, 1771. 7. John, b. December 21. 1773; 111. Abigail Adams. 8. Lida. b. March 17, 1776.

9. Aniariah, b. April 5, 1778; d. June 26, 1847; m. Margaret Adams, September 20. 1801.

10. Maiy, b. September 15. 1780. 11. Asenath, b. January 23. 1783; d. July 18. i860; m.,
first, Levi Collins, August 16, 1801 ; second, Paul Sooy, February 13, 1815. 12. Lucas; 13.
Lois (twins), b. October 25, 1785.

3. Daniel Lake. b. August 7. 1767; ni. Ann Leeds, of Leeds Point, a daughter of Samuel
Leeds and Lovica Barber. They had: 14. Dinah Ann; m. John Moore. 15. Lucinda.

7. John Lake. b. December 21. 1773; m. Abigail Adams. They had: 16. Armenia, b.
April 26, 1797; 111. Andrew Leeds; d. September 18. 1853. 17. John, b. January 12. 1799; m.
Deborah Gaskill. 18. Asenath. b. December 24. 1801. 19. Daniel, b. May i, 1803; d. Feb-
ruary 13. 1851; 111. Sarah Ann Tilton. 20. JNIargaret. b. November 30. 1804; m. James Tilton.
21. Sarah, b. j\Iarch 23. 1808: m. John Bryant. 22. Jesse, b. December 16, 1810; inventor
of self-holding steering wheel for yachts. 23. Simon, b. September 3, 1813; ni. Sarah Blake.
24. Lucas, b. April 25, 1816; m.. first. Rachael Scull; second. Hannah Smith-Somers. 25.
David, b. October 17. 1818; m. Amanda Robinson.

9. Amariah Lake. b. April 5, 1778; d. June 26, 1847; 111. Margaret Adams. September 20,
1801. They had: 26. Mary, b. 1802; d. May. 1879; m. Elijah Adams. 27. Joshua, b. 1803;
d. March 10. 1869; m. Hannah Leeds. 28. Lydia, b. April i. 1804; d. November 3. 1839; m.
James English. 29. Mark, b. February 26, 1808; d. February 17, 1868; m. France Anna
Frambes, February 11, 1835. 30. Enoch, m. Eliza Ann Adams. 31. Jemima, d. 1833; m.
Jeremiah Baker. 32. ^Margaret, b. 1814; d. November 10, 1896; 111. James English. 33.
Rebecca, 111. Rev. Joseph Parkyn. 34. Christopher, 111. Harriet Kendel. 35. Phoebe, m.
Capt. Joseph Price.

19. Daniel Lake. b. >Iay i. 1803; d. February 13. 1851; m. Sarah Ann Tilton, daughter
of Esperus Tilton and Hannah Steelman. They had: 36. Jesse Steelman, b. 1825; m.
Phoebe Scull. 37. Hannah Ann, b. July 6, 1826: m. William Blake. 38. John Tilton, b.
August 6, 1827; 111. Amanda Adams. 39. Armenia, b. December 27, 1829; m. William G.
Bartlett. 40. 'Sl'Ary Jane. h. March 14. 1831: m. Josiah Risley. 41. Lewis S.. b. December

LAKE FAMILY. 407

J7, 18.^5: in. Anna Liza Rose. 4-'. Ezra A., b. April, 1840; ni. llarriLi .\.l nn-, 4,5. Anna-
belle, b. 184O.

23. Simon Lake. b. September 3. 1S13; m. Sarah Rhike. I'licy luul: 44. Ezra B., b.
December 28, 1833; m. Alice Elizabeth Core. 45. Mary Kletlia. b June 8. 1835; d. July 10,
1857; m. John Race. 46. Abigail Ann. b. Au.unst 23, 183(1: d. .Vutjust g, 1850. 47. Annie
Margaret, b. April 14. 1838; m. Somers Champion. 48. l■"r.■llK■^.■^ .\nielia, b. March 27, 1840;
in. Vincent Robinson, March. 1856. 49. Simon \\\s], y, b. .\ui;ust 7. 1842; m. Mary Jane
Scull. February 6. 1864. 50. James Edward, b. jaiuuuy n;. 1845,; m. Emily Venable. 51.
John Christopher, b. September 2. 1847: m.. tirst. Mary Adams; second. Margaret Corson.
52. Sarah Ellen, b. March 15, 1851; m. Timothy Adams.

Note. — 44, Ezra B.; 49, Simon Wesley, and 50, James Edward Lake, of the previous
family, were all ministers of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and were the projectors of
Ocean City, in the spring of 1879. To them is due much of the prosperity of that city.
44. Rev. Ezra B. Lake. b. December 28, 1833, was the inventor of the window shade roller,
also of ball bearing bicycles reciuiring no oil. He married .Mice E. Core, and they had
one child, Mary Eletha, b. July 23, 1842.

24. Lucas Lake, b. April 25. 1816; m.. first Rachael Scull, dausliter of J..hn R. Scull.
They had: 53. Sarah Cornelia, m. Peter B. Risley. 54- Albert, m. Harriet Eldredge. 55.
Somers S., m. Mercy Adams. 56. Armenia, m. John B. Smith.

25. David Lake. b. October 17. 1818; m. Amanda Robinson. They had: Elizabeth,
John Henry, Vincent, Ira. David. Ella. Leon and Indiana.

28. Joshua Lake, b. 1803: d. March 10. 1869: m. Hannah Leeds. They had: 57. Lettie
J., b. September 28, 1847; d. September, 1847. 58. Lettie J., b. April 7. 1848; <1. fjctober 7,
1864. 59. Margaret Ann, m. William Price. 60. Caroline, m. Lewis Tilton. Oi. Ani.iriah.
62. Lydia, m. John T. Price.

29. Mark Lake, b. February 26. 1808; m. France .Anna Frambes, February 11. 1835.
They had: 63. Henry, b. May 31. 1836. 64. William, b. April 27, 1838. 65. Polly L. b. May
3. 1S40. 66. Edmund I., b. May 16. 1842: d. January 4. 1844. 67. Edmund I., b. August 18,
1S44. 68. Hannah F.. b. December 24. 1846. 69. Job F.. b. July 8. 1850. 70. Lewis C, b.
April 14. 1852. 71. Daniel E.. b. June 8. 1S55. 72. Annie, b. June Uj, 1859.

30. Enoch Lake. m. Eliza Ann Adams. They had: 73. JeniiiiKi. 74. Mary. 75.
Martha. 76. Abel E. tj. Wilbert.

51. John Christopher Lake. b. September 2. 1847; in., first, Mary .\dams. They had:
78. Simon. 79. Arleta.

78. Simon Lake is the inventor of the submarine torpedo boat, recently given a favor-
able test bv the L^nited States Government.

LEEDS FAMILY.

1. Thomas Leeds, the founder of the Xew Jersey family of Leeds, came from Leeds,
England, to Shrewsbury, Monmouth County, N. J., in 1676. He and wife obtained war-
rants for 240 acres of land from the East Jersey proprietors. Before two years passed away
this wife, by whom he had three sons. died. His second wife was Margaret Collier, "of
Marcus Hook upon ye river Delaware." The meeting record tells us that this was the first
marriage recorded in the books of "God's people at Burlington." and took place at Bur-
lington, "ye 6th day of ye 8th mo.. 1678." Thomas Leeds died a Friend, in 1687. and was
buried beside his first w-ife in the yard adjoining the old shingle-sided meeting at Shrews-
bury. His widow removed to Philadelphia. Her will is there recorded, dated 9 mo. 18. 1703.

The sons of (i) Thomas Leeds and first wife were: 2. William. 3. Daniel. 4. Thomas,
Jr., no issue.

2. William Leeds lived at Middletown. Monmouth County. X. J., until :iiter the death
of his wife. Dorothea: his occupation being that of a cooper. In 1705 he purchased 200

m, ^'^'-^

Wf^'

ROBERT B. LEEDS.

LEEDS 1-AMILV. 409

acri-s of land of his brother Daniel, "on the sea coast near Absecon Creek." In i;oS he
bought more land from John Bndd. of Philadelphia.

3. Daniel Leeds was born in Leeds. Knsland. about 1(^152, and fullciwed lii^ father to
the New World in 1678. The archives of the Surveyor (lener.d's ,,|"fice cc.ntaiu the follow-
ing concerning (3) Daniel Leeds:

''Thomas Revell, his wife, children and servants, and Daniel Leeds, came to West
Jersey in the ship "Shield," in December, 1678. landing at Burlington, lieing the tirst
vessel ascending the Delaware to that point."

Daniel married, first. Ann Stacy. 2 mo. 21. 1681. daughter of Robert Stacy, a tanner of
Burlington, and niece of Mahlon Stacy, who settled the "Falls of Delaware," where Trenton
now stands. Ann gave birth to a daughter "ye 3d day of ye 12th mo. in ye year 1681." and
died soon after. In January. 1683. Daniel married Dorothy Young, daughter of Robert
Young, of Burlington. He lived at this time about one-half mile west of the present village
of Jackson, in Springfield Township. Burlington County, his house being on the north side
of the turnpike leading to Burlington. His official position was that of a member of the
Assembly, 1682. Letters from Lord Cornbury to the "Lords of Trade," 7th mo. 9. 1703,
speak of Daniel Leeds as one of his council. In July. 1704. Daniel Leeds was appointed one
of the councillors of New Jersey. Other letters in existence mention his reappointment Sep-
tember 7. 1706.

As early as 1694 he "located land" in Great Egg Harbor, and in 1698 made the following
surveys, having them confirmed by grants from the proprietary council of West Jersey.
This grant covered "all the land from James B. Smith's place, near Smithville. running
north to Holly Swamp Creek, along this creek, to Wigwam Creek, to iMott's Creek, along
Mott Creek to Duck Creek and thence to Lower Island." then known as Further Island.
Daniel sold this island to his son Felix, July 20. 1707. wlm in turn cinveyed it to Japhet 1st,
by indenture dated November 3. 1710.

Daniel brought hither his family, settled upon this land and called it Leeds' Point, in
ground on the Point, and the highest point of land on the coast from the Highlands to the
Capes of Virginia. Amidst the hardships incident to pioneer life in this sparsely settled
locality, Daniel found time and inclination to serve his State, having held several important
offices. He was the first Surveyor General of West Jersey, having for a time the assistance
of his son Bethanah, He began the compilation of the first almanacs in this country, in
1687, continuing until 1716. when his sons Felix and Titan succeeded him. W'm. Bradford
printed these almanacs. Watson's Annals of Philadelphia contains following:

"The first work printed by Wm. Bradford which has reached us with a date is an almanac
for the year of the Christian account 1687. particularly respecting the meridian and latitude
of Burlington, but may indifferently serve all places adjacent. By Daniel Leeds, student of

11 Pennsylvania, pro

:ii Pennsylvania and
single copy of this

ntions Daniel Leeds

as an astrolger. Allibone calls liim the "first author south of New York." being author of
the "Book of Wisdom," only one copy of which is known to exist.
The children of (3) Daniel Leeds and Dorothy Young were:

(5) Japheth ist, b. October 24, 1683; m. Deborah Smith.

(6) Mary, b. April 19, 1685: m. John Stocton.

(7) Felix, b. July 2y. 1687, d. 1744, m. Hannah Hewlings.

(8) Philo. m. Abigail Dennis, daughter of Samuel Dennis and Increase Lippincott.

(9) Bethanah. b. March 24. 1692: m. ist. Mary; 2d. Sarah Mathis.

(10) .^nn. b. February 17. 1694: buried July 4. 1769: m. Revell Elton, son of .Anthony
Elton and Elizabeth Revell.

agriculture. Printed and

sold by Wm. Bradford, near Philadelphia,

anno, 1687."

These almanacs are i

1 the possession of the Historical Societies

New York. The Society

in New York at one time paid $500 for a

almanac.

Benjamin Franklin, ii

his "Poor Richard's Almanac ' for 173.=;. m

410 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

(II) Daniel _>,1, 1i. June 5. i6g-; m. Mary Ncwliol.l, ,lauslitei- of Josln-a and Hannah
Neul»,l.l.

(ij) Titan, h. August 25. 1699. Sheriff of Burlington County. 1725-1730.

3. Japheth Leeds, ist. b. October 24. 1682. Springfield Township. Burlington County.
N. J. Married Deborah Smith, and is supposed to have located near Leeds Point before 1710.
From his father' (3). Daniel, he received Leeds Point, then containing about i.ooo acres.
His house stood well out on "the Point." the site was the present Townsend House.

The minutes of Haddonfield Quarterly Meeting states that "in 1726 there were three
places for holding Friend's meeting in this county, viz: Japheth Leeds', Peter White's and
John Scull's," which were Leeds Point, Absecon and Somers Point, respectively.

Japheth Leeds' will, dated February 5, 1736, bequeathed to his son John the land before
mentioned as Further Island. Children of Japheth Leeds and Deborah were;

(13) Mary. b. 1704: m. Samuel Somers, son of John Somers ist.

(14) Robert, b. 1706: m. Abigail Higbee. daughter of John Higbcc ist and Alice
Andrews.

(13) John. b. 1708; m.. first. Rebecca Cordery. June 17. 1737: second. Sarah Mathis-
Coate. in 1751, daughter of John and Alice !Mathis and widow of Marmaduke Coate.

(16) Japheth 2d. b. March 18. 1710; d. April 12. 1781 : m. Rebecca Woodward.

(17) Nehemiah. b. 1712: m. Elizabeth Woodward.

( 18) James, b. 1714.

(19) Daniel, 3d, b. 1716: m.. first. Susannah Steelman. daughter of Andrew Steelman;
second. Rebecca Steelman.

(20) Sarah, b. 1718. (Probably m. Tiiomas Wilkins.)

(21) Deborah, b. 1720: m. Hugh Neale, February i, 1748.
{22) Dorothy, b. 1722: m. Jonathan Husted, 1748.

(23) Ann, b. 1724: m. Nathaniel Thomas. October 23. 1738.

(24) Hannah, b. February 18. 1726; d. November 24, 1762: m. Peter Steelman. 1st. son
of James Steelman ist.

15. John Leeds, the second son of (5) Japheth Leeds ist; b. about 1708; m. Rebecca
Cordery, June 17, 1737. He was one of the pioneer farmers of this county, receiving bj-
his father's will the homestead at Leeds Point, where he conducted a thrifty and prosperous
farm. He was a minister of the Society of Friends and travelled extensively on ministerial
journeys through what are now Cape May. Atlantic and Burlington Counties. His wife,
Rebecca, bore him four children:

(25) William, b. May 24. 1738: d. February. 1828; m. Mary Osborn, 1768.

(26) John, b. November. 1740; m. Elizabeth Gift'en.

(27) James, b. May, 1742.

(28) .Mary, b. February, 1746.

While travelling in Burlington after his first wife's death. John met and married Sarah
Mathis Coate, 1751. daughter of Jolm and Alice ^Mathis and widow of Marmaduke Coate.
a noted Friend of Mansfield. N. J. The children of this marriage were:

(29) Daniel, 4th, b. July 25. 1752; ni. >Iary Steelman, January 3. 1775. daughter of
Frederick Steelman ist.

(30) Jeremiah, b. IMarch 4. 1754: d. October. 183S; m.. first. Judith Steelman. December
8, 1776: second, m. Millicent Steelman-Ingersoll.

(31) Vincent, b. July 30. 1756: d. December 28. 1841; m. Catherine Smith-Carr. daughter
of Noah and Judith Smith and widow of Job Carr.

(32) Dorothy, b. July 30. 1756. twin sister of Vincent: d. about 1S23; m. Robert Smith,
son of Noah and Judith Smith.

19. Daniel Leeds, 3d, b. about 1716. son of (5) Japheth the first, was another famous
surve^-or of the family. His commission from King George the Second of England, dated
March 3. 1757, to be Surveyor General of the Western Division of New Jersey, is now in
the possession of Mr. H. S. Scull, of this city, and it is a very unique and interesting docu-

LEEDS FAMILY. 411

mciit. Daniel married, first, Susannah Steelman. cl,iui;lncr nf AiuIilw Sueliiiiin i st ; sccoiiil.
he married Rebecca Steehnan. The names of liis chiKlren were Su-ann;ili, who married
James Scull, in May, 1774; Dorcas and Rachel.

30. Jeremiah Leeds, b. March 4, 1754. the first permanent settler on this island, so far
as known, like many of his fellow-countrymen one hundred years ago, was a man of stalwart
mould. He stood six feet in height and weighed fully two hundred and fifty pounds and was
a Quaker. There is no evidence that he left the Quaker neighborhood at Leeds Point and
came to this island to live permanently previous to 1783. when he was twenty-nine years old.
He built his first log cabin and cleared away the field where it stood, where the Reading
station and tracks now are from Atlantic to Baltic avenues. He raised several crops of corn
and rye and became thoroughly familiar with the very great abundance of wild ducks and
geese and many kinds of sea fowl which then were tame and plenty, but are now rarely seen.
He no doubt experienced the great pest of mosquitoes where there were so many ponds and
swamps among the sandhills, and assisted as a WTCcker in those days when many
vessels with valuable cargoes were lost on the Brigantine shoals. It is difficult in these
days to fully appreciate the advantages and the disadvantages which this stretch of beach
afforded a young man who seems to have had no aspirations for political honors, but had
his way to make in the world. The records at Trenton show, that he had risen t(5 be First
Lieutenant in Captain Joseph Covenover's Sixth Company. Third Battalion. Gloucester
County Militia, his commission bearing the date of September 18, 1777.

He seems to have acted wisely in locating where land was cheap — 40 cents an acre — •
where the natural privileges for fishing and gunning supplied food, and where visions of
wealth from the spoils of' the sea and the manufacture of salt were alluring.

Jeremiah Leeds married, first. December 8. 1776. Judith Steelman. daughter of Fred-
erick Steelman. the first. As early as 1695 Judith's great-grandfather. James Steelman, 1st,
owned the western end of this island. Jeremiah owned land and maintained a home on the
mainland for some years, and so far as is known all his children, except his youngest boy
by his second wife, were born on the mainland, where medical attention was available.

The children of Jeremiah Leeds and Judith Steelman were;

{33) James, b. February 26. 1777: d. 1798.

(341 Rhuhama. b. January 21. 1779; d. August 30, i8(ij: m. Joseph Conover. February
20, 1801.

(33) Rachel, b. October 24, 17S2: d. April jj. 1845: in., first, Je-se Steelman: second,
Mark Reed.

(36) Adah, b. April 23. 17S8; d. October 25. 1792.

(i~) Sarah, b. March 26. 1790; d. October 18, 1792.

(38) Andrew, b. .-Kpril 31, 1792: d. Septemljer. 1864; m.. first. Armenia Lake: second,
Ellen De Kurts-Bennett. 1852.

About the year 1816 Jeremiah married a second time. Millicent Steelman Ingersoll,
daughter of Isaac and Hannah Steelman and widow of Isaac Ingersoll. Millicent had a
daughter, Mary Ann, by her first husband, Isaac Ingersoll, who became the wife of Daniel
L. Collins, a w'ell-known farmer of Smith's Landing.

At the time of his second marriage Jeremiah was 62 and his wife 24 years of age. Four
children resulted from this marriage:

(39) Aaron, died young.

(40) Judith, m. Richard Hackett.

(41) Chalkley Steelman. m.. first, Margaret Holland Gaskill; second. Rose Voun^.

(42) Robert Barclay, b. May 2, 1828; m. Caroline Englisli,

. For fifty-five years this stalwart son of the Revolution lived on this lonely islaml and
prospered, occupying log cabins till a more pretentious frame structure could lie liuilt in
his old age. He raised cattle and grain and sold to passing vessels his surplus products
and was under but little expense for taxes or tlie luxuries of life.

412 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

As he increased liis li,,;inl he liought lands and ad. led t.. his i>,,sscssi,,ns, n..l wishing
near neighbors till he (iwned and was master of nearly all the island to South Atlanlie City.

When the first salt works were built, in 1812, Leeds only leased the land to (Jiie John
Black, of whom he bought it, so that he might yet coiitrol the property.

He was careful to build brush fences along the beach to catch the sand and build up
the sandhills to keep high tides out of the fresh water ponds so necessary for the wild fowl
which comprised an important part of his food supply. He disliked to have sportsmen
trespass upon his estate, though he always granted permission to shoot .ijanie under certain
restrictions when he was asked.

He was particular to keep away from his sandhills the cattle and horses which owners
on the mainland brought over here in the summer to pasture. If the grass were eaten off
the sandhills would blow away, which was detrimental to his policy of building up the
island. The big sandhills, which many now living can remember, were the result of the care
and vigilance of patriarch Leeds, the original proprietor.

Jeremiah Leeds died in 1838, in his 84th year, of a cancer on his lower lip. which had
worried him the last forty years of his life. His body was laid at rest beside that of his
first wife in the old Steelman cemetery on the bay side of the shore road near Bakersville.

After the death of Jeremiah Leeds, in October. 1838, his lands were apportioned among
his children by commissioners appointed by the Orphans' Court at Mays Landing.

These commissioners were Joseph Garwood, Japhet Leeds, and John A. Clement.
From their report it appears that Leeds died seized of i,o68M! acres on this island, which
comprised everything to South Atlantic excepting the Chamberlain tract of 131 acres,
located mostly in what is now the First Ward of this city. Leeds also owned 251 acres on
the mainland.

The apportionment of these lands was as follows: To Ruliama (Conover) so'/o acres,
also 185 acres on the mainland; to Rachael (Steelman) 34 acres, also 66 on the mainland:
to Andrew- Leeds 347 acres: to Judith (Hackett) 234 acres; to Robert B. Leeds 176 acres.
To Chalkley Steelman Leeds, 217 acres more or less.

Most of these lands, in 1853 and 1854, were sold to the Camden and .Atlantic Com-
pany, for $5 to $17.50 per acre.

Jeremiah Leeds, in his old age. used to tell the story of a visit which his father, John
Leeds, received one day from foraging Redcoats, just before the Revolution.

A British vessel entered Great Bay in full view from Leeds Point. Two barges with
soldiers and sailors came ashore for fresh meat. The captain ordered the Quaker farmer
to drive up his cattle which were grazing in the meadows nearby. This was done, where-
upon two fat steers were selected from the herd and quickly knocked in the head, their
bodies quartered, loaded on wagons and taken to the barges and to the ship.

"All right. That's all," was the farewell greeting of the captain to the farmer, who
considered himself lucky in losing so little by the uninvited visitors. The steers happened
to be the personal property of Jeremiah and his brother, and were worth perhaps at that
time six or eight dollars per head. This event had its effect in making a soldier of the
Quaker boy in the war of the Revolution which soon followed.

The records of Gloucester County, of wdiich Atlantic originally was a part, show that
one J. C. Smallwood collected the balance of the pension due the widow after the death
of Jeremiah Leeds and secured her claims to a quarter section of land which she sold
afterwards to Daniel L. Collins for one hundred dollars.

Leeds never having been wounded while a soldier, only received a pension a few
years before his death, when a generous country recognized the service of all survivors of
the seven years' war.

LEHDS FAMILY. 413

(,58i Andrew Leeds, born on Absecon beach, at tlu- .Krenn.ih Lee.l- i,lant,-,tiun. mar-
ried, lirst, Armenia Lake, daughter of John Lake and Abi;.iail Adam>, AnihewV huuse
stood on Land that is now the intersection of Baltic and Ceorj^ia avennes. Tlie chil-
dren were:

(43) James, b. August 6. 1818: d. January 10, i8g.^

(44) John. b. October g, 1819; d. December 29, 1867.

(45) Steehuan, b. May 2, 1821; d. June 24, 1896.

(46) Abigail, b. October 19, 1831; d. September, 1859.

43. James Leeds, b. August 6, 1818, was a shipbuilder and farmer. His house stood in
the center of a field bounded by what are now Missouri, Arkansas, Arctic and Atlantic
avenues, the site of the Reading Railroad station. This house was afterwards moved to
the corner of Arkansas and Arctic avenues, and still exists as the two upper stories of a
tenement house at the corner of Arkansas avenue and Division street.

He served as Councilman one term. 1854. James married Abigail Webb. September 4,
1847. dauslner of William Webb and Elizabeth Morse. He died of old age at Ocala!
Fluiida. January 10, 1893. His children were:

47. .\rmenia Lake Leeds, b. September 15. 1848; ni. Israel Nichols, son of .\brahani
Nichols. 1875. They had: Mollie Nicholas, b. May 25. 1876: d. August 30. 1877.

48. Sylvester Leeds, b. December 5. 1849: m. Ella Lee. daughter of Elisha and Maria
Bavis Lee, June 8. 1879. They had: 57. James Elisha, b. February 23. 1882. 58. Maria, b.
October 4, 1893; d. February 28. 1899. 59. Marvin, b. October 4. 1893.

49- Lydia Corson Leeds, b. May 5. 1851: m. Elmer P. Reeves, son of ;
erine Parsels Reeves. They had: James E.. b. January 6. 1871 ; m. Jennie
ruary i. 1892. A\^illiam W.. b. May 28. 1874; d. June i. 1874. Abigail, b.
February 17, 1877. Aldora, b. March 3. 1878. Harry, b. July j8. 1883; d. .
Raymond L.. b. August 22. 1891.

50. Mary Elizabeth Leeds, b. April 26. 1853; m. Tlmnias ( ),ikley. si.n
Naomi ^Lason Oakley. They had: Oscar, b. July 25. 1878; d. .\u,t;u>t 8. i!^
b. June 3, 1880. Lizzie Jeffries, b. August 17, 1883.

51. Benjamin Franklin Leeds, b. April i. 1855; m- Rejoice Treen. Ma;
had: 60. Agnes Freas. b. January 27, 1880. 61. Anna Mary. b. May 17. i8!-
Lake. b. April 15, 1884. 63. Benjamin Harrison, b. Au.gust 12. 1888.

(52) Sarah Abigail, b. April 21, 1857.

53. Ellen Bennett Leeds, b. January 31. 1859: m. John I'. ISaker. July i. 1878. son of
Jesse A. and Caroline Steelman Baker. They had: ^Myrtle Emily, b. May 18. 1879.

54. Hannah Rachael Leeds, b. November 9. i860; m. Edward Shoultes, son of Edvv.
and Sarah Strong Shoultes. They had: Daniel Morris Shoultes. b. .\ugust 5. 1890. ^far-
vin Allred, b. June 8, 1892.

55. Augu.stus Eveline Leeds, b. Ncvenil.er 3. i8()j: m. Charles Hommer, sun .,1 John
Henry and Sarah ^Largaret Wilson Hommer. Tliey had: Flora Myrtle, b. September 4,
1889. Sarah Abigail, b. October 4. 1891. Charles Leeds, b. January 16. 1893.

56. Somers Edwin Leeds, b. July 15. 1864; m. Ira Garwood, daughter of Richard and
Eltnira Babcock Garwood. They had: 64. Abigail Morse, b. November 6. 1888. deceased.
65. Somers Edwin. Jr.. b. January 20. 1889. 6(1. Almira. deceased. 67. .M)it!,iil Mor<e. I).
May 3. 1893. 68. Almira. deceased.

44. John Leeds, b. October 9. 1819. Had a plantati(ni covering land now included with-
in the boundaries of Ohio and Kentucky avenues, from the Thoroughfare to the sea. His
hoiise was originally located on what is now known as the corner of Arctic avenue and
Leeds Place, between Ohio and Indiana avenues. His widow and two daughters. Margaret
and Rachael. now live in a cottage located on this spot. The old house having; been moved
to the rear and now used as two dwellings. He married. January 14. 1844. Haiin.ih Wel)b.

k .1

id Kath-

dy. Feb-
1876; d.

-August

12, 1883.

Thomas and

878.

imers L.,

y 6

9. They

82.

62.

Armenia

414 DAIL^• L'XIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

dauglUcr of Willi;nii \\\lil) and Pllizabeth Morse. He was a member of tlie first Council of
Atlantic City, serving two terms. He was a prosperous farmer and land owner, his house
being a refuge for some of the young men who came from "down East" to carve their
fortunes on this fair island. Among these might be mentioned Joseph A. Barstow and John
W. Avery, who married John Leeds' sister Abigail and had three children, who all died
young. John Leeds died December 29. 1867. His children were:

(69) Andrew, b. November 19. 1844; m. Mary Bramble, June jg. iSgj.

70. Charles Edward Leeds, b. July 11, 1846; m. Arabelle Smith. 1871, daughter of John
H. and Harriet Sooy Smith. They had: 76. John Smith, b. April 11, 1872: ni. Lizzie S.
Collins, October 26. 1893. T/. Hamilton, b. December 12, 1874; d. IMarch 4. 1875.

71. Elizabeth Leeds, b. May 24, 1848; m. Levi Collins Albertson, October i. 1868. They
had: Gertrude, b. April 2, 1871. Casper, b. July 10, 1872; d. September 30, 1873. Myra,
b. February 26, 1878.

(72) Margaret A., b. Feluuary 24. 1850.

73. Daniel Lake Leeds, b. June 27. i8,:;2: ni. Amy White, They had: 78. Curwin. 79.
Ada. 80. Oliver. 81. Mina.

(74) Rachael, b. October 21, 1856.

(75) John, Jr., b. January 8. i860: d. December iS, i860.

76. John Smith Leeds, b. April 11, 1872; m. Lizzie Smith Collins, daughter of Edwin
Steelman and Roxanna Smith Collins. They had: 82. Margaret Ray, December 22, 1895.

45. Steelman Leeds, b. May 2, 1821, lived in a house that is still standing back of the
Island House, near the turnpike road. He was elected to the first City Council. Married
Rachel Miller, October 31, 1854. In 1867 they moved to Maryland and afterward to Texas,
where his children, Rebecca and William, died. He lived the last eight years of his life at
Boseman, Montana. The beautiful willow trees now standing near the Island House were
set out by Steelman Leeds, in 1862. He died at Boseman, June 22,. 1896. A branch of these
willows was sent to his w'idow by Mrs. Abigail Leeds, in 1896, and it still flourishes over his
grave in faraway Montana. His children w^ere:

(83) Frank, b. August 30, 1855; m. Sarah .Mien.

(84) Rebecca Cecilia, b. October 30. 1856; d. February 9. 1882: m. Augustus .\llen.
Had Robert Vincent. September 26, 1879.

(S.O Abram Titlow. b. October 27, 1858.

(86) William, b. May 31. i860: d. September. 1866.

(87) Anna Mary. b. July 28, 1863; m. John Charles Borgcrs. Had Bessie Mary. Feb-
ruary 3, 1892.

(88) Ruhama. b. November 24. 1864: d. August 15. 1865.

40. Judith Leeds, m. January 16, 1840, Richard Hackett, son of Richard Hackett and
Hannah Mason. Their children were Matilda, b. June 2J, 1842; m. John Hammond.
Joseph, b. December 7. 1848; d. August 4, 1888: m. Tamar Oakley. Josephine, b. January
13, 1850; m. Samuel Reeve.

41. Chalkley Steelman Leeds was the first Mayor of Atlantic City, being elected to
that office in 1854. 1855. and again in 1862. His name appears as a member of the early
councils of the city, and from 1870 to 1894 he was City Treasurer.

He married, first, Margaret Holland Gaskill. daughter of Edward Gaskill, of Tucker-
ton, N. J. Their children were:

(89) Amanda Elizabeth, b. December 14, 1847: m., first, George Clifton Bryant. Jan-
uary 26, 1870; m., second, Thomas Jefferson Horner, November 12, 1882.

(90) Maria, b. August 2i. 1849; m. Lewis Evans, October i, 1868.

(91) Millicent, b. March 8, 1852; m. William C. Heath. Had Charles and Herbert.

(92) Jeremiah, b. July 26, 1854; m. Annie Cramer, February 11, 1881.

(93) Mary Rebecca, b. October 29, 1856: m. Charles Daugherty, November 30, 1881.

(94) Charles Gaskill, b. September 19, 1859: deceased.

: Ralph, 1). A
5. iSSS. W-tt

l.SUSt

e. b.

an,l Su-an IK
-y, li. -May .^io.

1SS7;

SdS. si.n ijl S;
Tohn F.stell. b.
ccnii.er 21, K^-

imicl
July
5: a.

Isaac an.l H:
December Q.

1881.

LEEDS FAMILY. 415

195) Isaac Steelman. b. X..veniber 11. iS(._'; 111. Mary Parker.

(gb) Laura, b. October 27, iS(i5; 111. Fred W. Hogan. December .^,1. iSqo.

Chalkley Steelman Leeds m.. second. Miriam Kosclla Young. Their chiUhen were:

(97) Mable Chalkley, b, March 30, 1S83.

(98) Minnie Warren, b. March 2. 1885.

(99) Margaret Evans, b. March 20. 1888.

89. Amanda Elizabeth Leeds, b. December 14. 1S47. m.. first, tieortie Clifton Bryant,
son of John and Sarah Lake Bryant. January 26. 1870. They had twins
28. 1871; d. November 20. 1891 : Maud, b, August 28, 1871: d. June
April 25, 1873.

(89) Amanda m., second. Tlionias Jefferson Horner, son of Thomas
They had: Helen Haskins, b. June 25. 1885; d. November 25. 1891. Ma
d. August 5. 1887.

90. Maria Leeds, b. August 2^. 1849: m. Lewis Evans. October i.
E. and Emeline Estel! Evans. They had: Lue Ina. b. June 2. 1870.
15, 1872. Emeline Estell, b. November i, 1873. Margaret Leeds, b. Dect
July g, 1876. Margaret Leeds, b. June i, 1878.

92. Jeremiah Leeds, b. July 26, 1854; m, Annie Cramer, daughtei
Rudder Cramer, February 11, 1881. They had: 100. Lewis Reed,
loi. Charles, b. September 30. 1885.

95. Isaac Steelman Leeds, b. November 11, 1862: m. Mary Parker, daughter of Steven
and Elizabeth Lippincott Parker. They had: 102. Elizabeth, b. February 27, 1898.

96. Laura Leeds, b. October 27. 1865; m. Fred \V. Hogan, son of Edward Hogan, De-
cember 31, 1890, They had: Flarold U.. March 4- 1803: d. May 21, 1893; Fre.lerick, h. March
17, 1897; d. January 21, 1898.

42. Robert Barclay Leeds, b. May 2. 182S: m. Caroline English. April 29, 1852, daughter
of Peter English and Esther Collins. Their children were:

(103) Lurilda, b. June 15, 1854; m, Oliver T. Nice, February 28. 187S.

(104) Honora. b. August 24, 1856: d. October 25, 1857.

(105) Neida, b. June 6, 1858: m. Albert B. Richards.

(106) Harry Bellerjeau, b. August g. i860; m. Harriet Somcrs Scull. Xoveniber 24. 1895.

(107) Albert English, b. May 8, 1862; d. July 23. 1863.

(108) Alberta, b. January I. 1864; m. Fred. P. Currie.

(109) Horace Maynard. b. November i, 1865.

103. Lurilda Leeds, b. June 15, 1854, m. Oliver T. Nice. February 28, 1878. They had:
Ralph Emerson, b. February i, 1884.

105. Neida Leeds, b. June 6. 1858; ni. Albert B. Richards. They had Walter.

106. Harry Bellerjeau Leeds, b, August 9, i860: m. Harriet Somcrs Scull, daughter of
Judge Joseph Scull and Hannah Gifford Scull, November 24, 1S95. They had: (no) Alice
Leeds, b. May 19. 1897.

108. Alberta .Leeds, b, January i, 1864: m. Fred. P. Currie. son of George F. Currie.
They had: Fred., December 29, 1885.

C. PENNINGTON, M.D.

PEXXIXGTOX FAMILY.

PENNINOrON FAMILY.

The tirst of the family of Penningtoiis to come to Atlantic County wa^ Xathan I'en-
nington. who was born at Dutch Farms, near Xewark. X. J. He was a soldier in tlie
Revolutionary Army, volunteering at the age of 19. He also served against the whiskey
insurrection. During the Revolution he was taken prisoner and sent to Quebec, Canada,
where he suffered very much, nearly dying of starvation. He escaped with soiue of his
comrades, one of the number mounting to the top of the wall by standing on the shoulders
of the others, the others being pulled up by means of their bed clothing, which was tied
together, and then lowered to the opposite side.

X'athan Pennington was a ship builder. He lived at Chestnut Xeck. X. J., then a part
of Gloucester County, but now in Atlantic County. He was stationed there in charge of
property captured from the enemy. His wife was ^Margaret Wescot, a daughter of Colonel
Richard Wescot. of Mays Landing. They resided in :^L^ys Landing, in a part called Pen-
nington's Point, where was located the ship yard in which he carried on his business, and
which continued to be an active ship yard until recent years. All the Penningtons in
.\tlantic County are descended from him. He died in 1810. He had a large famih', nine
children. John, born in 1791. lived at Mays Landing and was a sea captain, vessel owner,
and for a time Sheriff of the County.

John Pennington had ten children, several of whom are now living, one daughter. Mrs.
Mary Scott, at a very advanced age, in Mays Landing. She is the mother of County Clerk
Lewis P. Scott. Another daughter was Mrs. Ann Endicott. of Mays Landing, who died a
few }-ears ago. One of her sons. Judge Allen B. Endicott, is a resident of the county and
of Atlantic City, Others of her children in this county are INIiss Catherine B. Endicott,
Mrs. Isabella Corson, Mrs. Hannah Howell and INlrs. Mary Iszard. all of ^Lays Landing,
and i\Irs. Elizabeth Rundall, of Atlantic City. Two of the sons reside in other parts of
this State: Dr. George W. Endicott. of Plainiield. and Mr. Charles G. Endicott, of West-
field. A fourth son is Rear-Admiral Mordecai T. Endicott, U. S, Navy.

Another daughter of John Pennington is Mrs. Hester Thompson, now in .Atlantic
City, at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Hannah Moore. Mr. Joseph Thompson, formerly
Law Judge of this count}", and now Mayor of Atlantic City, is her son.

One of the sons. Lewis W.. is now living, a captain in the merchant service in the
Clyde line of steamers, sailing out of New York. He was a volunteer naval officer during
the Civil War. rising from the grade of acting master to a lieutenant commander at the
close of the war. He did gallant service during the war and served under Farragut. was
present in the attacks on Forts Jackson and Philip on tlie Mississippi river, and captured
one of the flags at the latter fort.

Captain John Pennington was the second son. who had a long and honorable service
in the merchant steam marine. He was in command of a transport in the government
service during the Civil War, and was seriously wounded by a shot through the lung in
passing a Confederate force on the banks of the Potomac river. He resided outside the
limits of this State in his later life, but his widow. Mrs. Elizabeth Pennington, now resides
in Atlantic City with her son. Dr. Byron B. Pennington, a very successful physician.

Nathan Pennington's daughter. Charlotte, married Mr. Lewis Walker, of Mays Land-
ing. They resided at Walker's Forge, near the town. Mr. Walker was the proprietor of

LEWIS PENNINGTON SCOTT.

large tracts oi land and ui the iron lor.m-. and liad lart;
several clnldren. one. the late Jnhn Walker, of Trent. .n. \.
P. Walker, whu i> a resident .,1 tli.^ eounly in the ..Id ma
the summer months, lie is a very i.r..nnnent e.lneaf.r. h;
for many years upon the statt of the scho.d for deaf nnue>
ceived an appointment from the Governor of this State at
for Deaf Mutes.

Another child of Charlotte was Reheeea. who marrie.
Mays Landing, being his second wife. One child liy this
Miss Amelia Hantliorne.

The fifth daughter of Nathan Pennington was Rebecc
of Mays Landing. They had nine children, two of whom
ing, William Mattix and Alwilda, wife of Mr. Martin V. B.

rhev

ha.

Mr.

-e. di

rin:..

e pos

iti.ii

cemi

V re

surviv
Moor

MGTON HOMESTEAD.

The first member of the family who came into the State of New Jersey was Epliraim,
who appears in New Haven in 1643. and it is supposed that that was the time of his arrival
in this country. In 1667 they removed to Newark, N. J., and settled there. The Nathan
Pennington mentioned above, who lived in Mays Landing, was a great i,'randson of the
Ephraim who came to New Jersey in 1607. and who was the son of the l-"phraim who
emigrated to this country in 1643.

Of this family two were Governors of the State of New Jersey, the first. William S.,
brother of Nathan, from 1813 to 1815. He was Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of
New Jersey in 1804. and Judge of the United States District Court of New Jersey from
1815 to his death, in 1.S26. He was an officer of the Second Re.giment ..i the New Jersey

ATLANTIC AVENUE, 1870.

MSION HOUSE. 1876.

rEXXIXGTOX FAMILY. -121

Artillery, in the Revulutionary War. -ervni- under General Kn.ix. and tlie rank of Major
was conferred npon him by special act ot Congress. His son. William, ua- also a man of
great prominence in the State, and was a member of the United St.ite^ llonse of Repre-
sentatives from i860 to 1862, and Speaker of the same House. He ua^. aUo (Jovernor of
New Jersey for seven years, from iS.^; to 1S4,?. inclusive: likewise Ch.ancillor of tlie .State
during the same period.

Alexander C. M. Pennington, a cousin of the last named Governor, was a practicin.g
lawyer in Newark. N. J., until 1857. He was a member of the X^'ew Jersey Assembly from
18,17 ■iiitl 1838, and of the United States House of Representatives for two terms, being
elected in 1852. and again in 1854. He was a man of some military education, having been
a cadet at the United States Military Academy for two years, after which he resigned to
study law. He was Brigadier General commanding the Essex Brigade for a number
of years.

Alexander C. M. Pennington, a son of the General Pennington just named, was a
graduate of West Point in i860, in the artillery, and commanded a battery of horse artillery
during the Civil War. He distinguished himself at the battle of Gettysburg, for which ser-
vice he received a brevet of Brigadier General. The battery is comiuonly known as Pen-
nington's. His lineal rank at the outbreak of the Spanish War was that of Colonel, and
he was commissioned a Brigadier General, and retired from active service in October. 1899.

The New Jersey Penningtons are descended from the Penningtons of England, who
trace their ancestry back to the time of Henry H. The ancestry in Great Britain is a long
and distinguished one. and numbers in the 17th century a long list of knights, including
Sir John Pennington, in the time of Henry VI. to whom he was much attached and gave a
secret reception at Mulcaster. now Muncaster. for some time when in his flight from his
enemies. In return, the King gave him a glass cup, to belong to the family so long as
they should preserve it unbroken. It was called the luck of Muncaster. and the family
still have the glass in their possession.

Sir John Pennington is also said to have been a skillful warrior and fought in Scotland
under James II, commanding the left wing of the English army. His son. Sir John the
third, was attached to James \', and had an important comiuand at the battle of Flodden
Field, where James was killed.

The second knight following Sir John the third was a Sir John, admiral to King
Charles I. and was one of his privy council. He was betrayed by Charles II and confined
in the Tower, but died before the time set for his execution. This Sir John distinguished
himself in the wars with France and captured a considerable tleet of French war ve'^els,
bringing them as prizes upon his return to his country.

REED FAHILY.

Dr. Lewis Reed. Atlantic City's first iiliy>ician, move! here Ir.un Milvillc in 1857. He
was the oldest son of a family of twelve children. His father. David Reed, was one of ,a
well-known South Jersey family. He was a tailor by trade and a hotel keeper by occupa-
tion. He died before he was fifty and his widow, Lodemia Reed, married a man of the
name of Barnes. The children, three of whom are still living, were Lew-is. David. Samuel.
George, Charles, William. Joseph. James. Thomas S. Henry. Eliza Miller, and two whr.
died young.

Lewis, born November 10. 1806. married Susanna Stanger. a woman of German parent-
age, born in 1810. For some years he followed the trade of his father, that of a tailor. later
studying medicine and giving his profession his exclusive attention. They had a family of
nine children, all born in Millville. where one of them. Francis Lee. still lives. They were:
2. Caroline Dufi^y. b. 1828; ?,. Francis L.. b. i8,io; 4- Edward Stone, b. iS,?.?: 5. Lewi-, b.

DR. LEWIS REED.

HEED FAMILY -l-JS

1836; 6. Thomas Keniblc. b. 18.39; Goorge. b. 1842; 8, Joseph Ga>kill, 1). iS.((i: 9, Mary II . 1..
1848: and 10, Ella, b. 1853; d. 1S64.

By the mere incident, while gunning in the woods about Wcynimuh. of connecting with
a train to Atlantic City, he made his first visit to this resort \vIkii iIk- population was too
small to support a phy'sician with a large family. But arrangcmciits were made by people
whom he met whereby $500 a year was guaranteed so that he mu\ed here ti> live iierma-
nently in 1857.

He was elected Mayor the four years following. His son Edward, who had just mar-
ried, came with him and soon opened the first drug store, and his son Thomas came a few
years later to be the second physician on theisland. For eleven years Dr. Reed was Post-
master, and always a genial, public spirited citizen who lived under the administration of
every President of the United States save the first two, dying Tuesday, March 22, 1898, at
Ocean Grove. JNIrs. Reed died in 1893, aged 82 years. Before her death the sixty-fifth anni-
versary of their wedding was observed by a family reunion. Mrs. Reed was one of the
well-known Stanger family. Her grandfather established the first glassworks in New Jersey.
She was a sister of Mrs. Hosea Madden. At the time of his death he was the oldest living
graduate of JefTerson ^Medical College.

2. Caroline Dufify, b. 1S2S: m. Dr. Charles Souder, of ^lillville. and had three children,
Charles, Lewis and George. Charles, b. 1858; m. Fanny Tompkins and had si.\ children:
Caroline, Charles, Mary and Elizabeth, Ethel and Lewis. Lewis m. Louise Hutchinson and
is a physician in Atlantic Citv, and George m. Marv Norris and has a drug store in Atlantic
City.

3. Francis L., pattern maker 111 Millville ,^!as^ factury, b. 1S30: m., second. Rebecca
Carmelia. They had two children, h'rank and I.nra l.lereased).

4. Edward Stone, b. 1833; ni. l-.li/al.etli C. (nlkey ..1 Philadelphia, in 185S. They had
nine children: Dr. Eugene, b. March, 1859; m. I^ilias Sweigard; Charles Sumner; Delfes,
deceased; Hortense. Alga. Oras, Dr. Talbert, Edward S., and Thoesda.

Edward S. Reed was City Clerk si.x years, from 1861 to 1867. He was school superin-
tendent nine years and school trustee several years, always alive to the best interests of the
city. He was successful in business, found great pleasure in his home life and served public
interests efficiently. He died December 12, 1895, after a lingering illness, aged 62 years.

5. Lewis Reed, b. 1836, m. Phoebe Hamilton and had two children, Susie, who m., first,
Frank Barber; second, William Bell; and Rena, who m. Thomas Murphy.

6. Thomas Kenible, b. 1S31): m. .\nnie Hutton. They had two children. Ralph, wdio
died an infant, and Ella, who ni. W .[her Xorri< ni Phiiailelphia, Thomas studied medicine
with his uncle. Dr. Thomas S. Keid, ..1 riiiladelphia. and l.icated in this city with his father
as the second resident physician. lie ha~ e\er since lieen one of the active men of the town,
identified with various interest^, >t,inding at the head of his profession and possessing a
fund of wit, eloquence and schoiarshi]i tlKit have made him many friends.

7. George Reed, b. 1842; ni. .\lice Parker. They had five children living, having buried
two: Hattie Applegate, Carrie Lake. .Mice, George and Lura. He is a Methodist nn'nister
and lives at present at Absecon.

8. Joseph, b. 1846; m. Sarah Lee. They have three children. Irving. Susie A. and
Charlotte.

9. Mary. b. 1848: ni. Charles K. McPhcrson, an internal revenue ot'ticcr of Camden,

424 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

RICHARDS FAHILY.

Louis Richards, of Reading. Pa., in 1882. prepared lor the Pennsylvania Magazine a
sketch of the Richards family, from which most of the following information was obtained
of men, who for several generations contributed so much to the development and progress
of South Jersey.

1. Owen Richards, according to tradition, his wife, three sons, James, William and
John, and daughter Elizabeth, sailed from the port of Chester, England, and landed at
Philadelphia before 1718. The first positive trace of him is by his purchase, December 22,
1718, of 300 acres of land in Amity township, now- a part of Philadelphia, from one Mouns
Justice, a Swede. Owen Richards is supposed to have resided on this land till his death,
which occurred after 1734. He sold one-half of the tract to his son James for £7 (seven
pounds), and "natural love and affection.' Owen's second wife was Elizabeth Baker,
whom he married in 1727. She died in 1753, aged about eighty years.

The children of Owen Richards were:

2. James, of whom little is known and who probably left no descendants.

3. William.

4. John, whose wife's name was Sarah, and their children Edward and Susanna. He
probably moved to Virginia and perpetuated the family name there.

3. William was born in Wales, had grown to manhood when he came with his father
to this country, was at one time possessed of considerable property, but died in poverty.
He was a peace officer of the king in the province for a time. He died in 1752. His will
mentions all his children and disposes of property in the sum of £207, 7s. lod., and is on
file in Philadelphia. His daughters, Ruth and Sarah, received is each; his son Owen, and
daughters Mary Ball and Margaret, five shillings each, and his son James, iio and a mare,
the rest going to William after his mother's decease upon his becoming of age.

5. Mary married John Ball, of Berks County. Their son. Joseph Ball, became a
wealthy merchant. In his early manhood he became manager for the owner. Col. John
Cox, of the Batsto iron works, where shot and shell were cast for the Continental service.
He was an ardent patriot and was a loser financially in aiding Robert Morris to restore
the public credit. He died in 1720, aged Ji years, leaving a widow, Sarah, but no children.

6. Owen left little trace. His name appears as a soldier of the Revolution.

7. James.

8. Ruth, m. Daniel Kunsman.
0. William.

10. ^Margaret, m. Cornelius Dewees.

11. Sarah, m. James Hastings and lived in \'irginia.

7. James, b. about 1722, was all his life a farmer. He served as Sergeant in Capt.
Tudor's company, 4th Pennsylvania Continental line, enlisting May 10, 1777. He was a
man of inmiense frame and great physical strength and had many lively episodes of conflict
and adventure. He died in 1804, aged eighty odd years. His wife's name was Mary and
his children were William Frederick, Elizabeth, James Owen, Mary, Sarah, Hannah and
John. \A"illia ./, the eldest, was born January 27, 1754. John Richards, the youngest, m.,
first, iSif, Rebecca Ludwig, who d. in 1840; second. Louisa Silvers. 1841, who d. January
26. 1880. There were seven children. He moved to Batsto, Burlington County, in 1808,
and spent forty years of his life in iron manufacturing at Weymouth and Gloucester fur-
naces. In 1836-7 he was a member of the Legislature from Burlington County. He con-
tinued in tUe iron business at Mauch Chunk, Pa., 1848 to 1854, when he returned, dying
Noveniber 29, 1871, aged 88 years.

9. William was b. September 12, 1738. He learned the occupation of a founder. He
married Mary Patrick in 1764. About 1768 he came to Batsto. where he worked for a
time. August 13, 1776, he joined the Revolutionary forces, his family living at Valley
Forge, where he was in camp with the army that memorable winter of 1777-8.

RICHARDS FAMILY. 425

In 1781 I'.r became resident niana.ner lor Col. Cox. of the Batsto iron works, suceeeJ-
ing his nephew, Joseph Ball. In 1784 he became sole owner of the w^orks, purchased
thousands of acres and acquired a princely fortune. He was of gigantic mould and great
physical strength. By his first wife, Mary Patrick, he had eleven children, seven sons and
four danghttrs. By his second wife, Margaret Wood, whom he m. in 1796, he had eight
children, seven sons and one daughter. In i8og he relinquished his Batsto estate to his son,
Jesse, and moved to Mt. Holly, wdiere he passed the last years of his life. He died August
23, 182J.

The children of William an.l Mary Patrick were:

12. Abigail, b. June I. 17(15; d. May 14, 1794.

13. John, b. June i, 1767; d. November ,30, 1793.

14. Samuel, b. at Valley Forge, May 8. 1769. Extensive iron manufacturer in New-
Jersey and merchant in Philadelphia. He m., first, Mary 'M. Smith, in 1797. She died in
1820, and he m. Anna M. Witherspoon, of New York. He was the father of eleven children.
Two of these were Sarah Ball, widow of the late Steven Colwell. and Thomas S., also an
extensive iron manufacturer. He was the owner of the Atsion and Weymouth Iron Works,
comprising about 75.000 acres each. He took great pride in the Atsion property, building
there a large dwelling, where he spent the summer for many years. He had a large tract
of land under cultivation and was a prominent business man in Philadelphia for a long time,
residing on Arch above Ninth street. Samuel Richards d. January 4, 1842.

15. Elizabeth, b. August 26, 1771. She m. Rev. Thos. Haskins, of Maryland.

16. Rebecca, b. August 7, 1773; m. John Sevier, of Tennessee.

17. William, b. July I, 1775; d. December 21, 1796.

18. Joseph, b. October 6, 1777; d. March 26, 1797.

19. Thomas, b. February 10, 1780. He was a merchant in Philadeliihia and iron manu-
facturer at Jackson, in Camden County. In 1810 he m. Ann Bartram. Iiy whom he had nine
children. He died October 17. i860, the day fixed for his golden wedding and the marriage
of his daughter.

20. Jessie.

21. Charles, b. August 9. 1785; d. May 11, 1788.

22. Anna M., b. February 8, 1789; m. John White, of Delaware, 1810: d. May 2. 1816.
The children of William and Margaret Wood were:

23. Benjamin Wood. b. November 12, 1797; d. July 12, 1851.

24. Charles Henry, b. April 9. 1799; d. April, 1802.

25. George Washington, b. May 6, 1801; d. June, 1802.

26. Augustus Henry, b. May 5, 1803; m. Rebecca, daughter of Hon. John .McLean, of
Ohio: d. 1839.

27. William, b. January 16. 1805: m. 1S31. Constantia Marie Lanian and had five
children; d. April 19, 1864.

28. George Washington, b. .May 3, 1807. Merchant and manufacturer of Philadelphia;
prominent in railroads and insurance. He m. Mary Lee Guen ami had ei.Ljht children: d.
April 22, 1874.

29. Joseph Ball, b. November 9, 181 1; d. January 30, 1812.

30. Mary Wood, b. March 6, 1815; d. September 19, i860.

20. Jesse was b. at Valley Forge, December 2, 1782. He succeeded his father at Batsto.
In 1829 he rebuilt the works, and in 1846 the iron furnace having been abandoned he es-
tablished extensive glass w^orks. These he conducted successfully until his death, June 17,
1854. His estate then comprised sixty-five thousand acres. This estate is now owned by
Joseph Wharton, of Philadelphia.

Jesse Richards was a member of the New Jersey Assembly in 1837-8-9. He m. .'^iirah
Ennals. daughter of Rev. Thomas Haskins by his first wife. Mr. Haskins having previously
married Elizabeth, a sister of Jesse Richards.

SAMUEL B. RICHARDS.

RICHAKUS I-AMILV. 427

JJ. Bcniamiii Wood Ricliards ^v;^^ b. at P.aot.i. Xov.-nil.Li- ij. .79;. IK- :<ra<U,atcd at
Princeton in 1S15, and studied fur the ministry. Init his delicate heahh conipelleil hint to
travel extensively. He later engaged in mercantile pursuits in Philadelphia, was elected to
Cotmcil and to the Legislature, and was a great promoter of public schools. He succeeded
George M. Dallas as Mayor of Philadelphia. (For further information, see Magazine.)
A son, Benjamin Wood Richards, lives in Hammonton.

19. Thomas Richards, b. February 10. 1780; d Dctubcr 17. iSdo; ni. .\nna Bartram.
by whom he had nine children.

24. William B., who died about 1874.

25. Elizabeth B.. who died about 1865.

26. Samuel, b. August 15. 1818: m. Elizabeth U. Ellison: d. February Ji. 1895. They
had two children, Thos. J., b. April 25, 1853: m. Lydia E. S. Winn and have four cliildrcn.
and Samuel Bartram, who m. Mary Dorrance Evans and have two children.

27. Anna B., m. Benjamin J. Crew, deceased.

28. Rebecca B., m. Rev. Thos. E. Souper, deceased.

29. Thomas, Jr.. m. Deborah M. Kimber.

30. Rebecca R. S., m. Walter Newbold and had two children. .\nna Bartram. who m.
J. Remson Bishop, and Elizabeth R., who m. Samuel M. Fox.

20. Jesse Richards m. Sarah Ennals. daughter of Rev. Thos. Haskins and h.id si.K
children, three sons and three daughters. The sons were:

32. Thos. H.. oldest son of Jesse Richards, after graduating at Princeton, ;issisted his
father in the e.xten-ivo bu-iness of Batsto. He was one of tlie most upright and honorable
men that ever Incd am! wa- universally loved and respected. Previous to his father's death
he had shown a hnichu-^ for public life, and served as a member of the Assembly from
Burlington Cotini.\ in 1S41-43, and was State Senator in 1847-49. He took an active in-
terest in township and county affairs an'l scenucl liy nature well suited for public life. But
in the last few years of his father's lite, ami aitrr his death, as one of the executors, he was
obliged to devote his whole time and attention to the affairs of the estate. He was not what
might be called a business ni:in, never having received a strictly business training, which
was needed at that time, in adjusting the varied and extensive affairs of the estate. Though
advised by his counsel. .Mr. John L. Stratton, to take the time, eighteen months, which the
law allows before making payments, he decided to pay all debts, promptly as they matured,
and this eventually caused trouble and embarrassment. His agent in New York robbed
him to the e.xtent of many thousand dollars and caused hint great disappointment. He
died about 1870.

33. Jesse. Jr.. never married. Deceased.

34. Elizabeth, who m. Judge Bicknell. of Indiana.

35. Anna Maria, m. Lachlan Mcintosh, a Confederate oflicer. who after the war lived
for a time at Batsto. Deceased.

36. Sarah Ann, never married. Deceased.

14. Samuel Richards, b. May 8, 1769; d. January 4. 1842. For his second wife m. Anna
M. Witherspoon and was the father of three children. Sarah Ball, who m. Steven Colwell;
Elizabeth R.. who in. W. Dwight Bell, and Thomas S.. who m. Hannah, daughter of Gen.
James Nichols.

Stephen Colwell and Sarah Ball had three children.

Richard Cohvell m. his cousin Annie, daughter of
d. about 1873. He was a young man of extraordinary :
\\"eymouth estate at the time of his death.

Edward Cohvell was an oflicer in the army and w;i
in the grand review of the troops at Washington at tin
never married.

Charles R. Colwell. the only surviving grandchild ..f Samuel Richards, and younges
of the three sons of Stephen Colwell. m. Laura Retz and lives at the old homestead on th
Weymouth estate.

Rich.-ir

d. Edward and Charles R.

■ Willi;

;im Richards, of .Vision, am

ability

and was the manager of th.

< thro-

AU from his horse and killet

e clo-^

■ of the war. .May. 1SC.5- H<

428 DAILY UXIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

SCULL FAMILY.

As early as September lO, 1685, the Scull family was represented in this country, when
John and Nicholas Scull, descendants of Sir John Scull, Knight of Brecknock, England,
emigrated to America. They sailed from Bristol, England, on the ship "Bristol Merchant,"
John Stephens, commander.

In 1706, Edward Scull, their relative, came to America, settling west of the Allegheny
Mountains, where are still residing many of his descendants in western Pennsylvania and
Ohio.

1. Joliu Scull, baptized October 15, 1066. came to New Jersey in 1694, with his wife.
Mary. He was known as a whaleman, whales being so plenty at that time as to make the
business very profitable. He acquired a large tract of land on the Great Egg Harbor
river, and bought of Thos. Budd, in 1695, "250 acres of land lying on Great Egg Harbor
river and Patconk creek, with the privilege of cutting cedar and commonidge for cattle on
yc reaches and swamps as laid out by Thos. Budd for commons." The first religious meet-
ing (Friend's Society) in this section was held at John Scull's house. He died in 1745.
His children were:

2. John, stolen when a child by the Indians and never recovcreil. ,^. .\bel. 4. Peter.
5. Daniel, Collector of Egg Harbor township, Gloucester County, 1753. 6. Benjamin. 7.
Margaret, m. Robert Smith. 8. Caroline, m. Amos Ireland, g. Mary. 10. Rachel, m.
James Edwards. 11. John Recompense, m. Phoebe Dennis. 12. Isaiah, m., had one daugh-
ter, Abigail. 13. Gideon, b. 1722; d. 1776; m. Judith Belange. 14. David, d. January 10,
1741-2. Infant, died unnamed.

II. John Recompense Scull m. Phoebe Dennis. He lived to be of great age and was
a noted hunter. A scrip states he was paid ni 1749 one pound for a wolf's head. Chil-
dren were:

15. Israel, lost at sea. 16. Sarah, m. David Scull; second. Gywnnc. 17. John R., m.

.Sarah Soniers. 18. Phoebe, m. Nicholas Somers. 19. Sophia, m., first. Johnson;

second, Gregory. 20. Mary, m. Joseph Cooper. 21. Abigail, m. John Somers. 22.

Roxanna, m. Samuel Somers. 23. Rachel, ni. John Chattin. 24. Elizabeth, m. Robert
Risley.

13. Gideon Scull, b. 1722; m. Judith Belange, in 1750. She was the granddaughter of
Ires Belange and Christiana De la Plaine, French Huguenots of Poiton, France, and
daughter of James_Belange, Sr. A record states that in 1753 Gideon was paid £1 los. for
two panther heads. Both Gideon and his wife died in 1776. of smallpo-x, contracted at
Salem Quarterly Conference. Their children were:

25. Paul. 26. Mary, m. David Bassett. 2y. James, b. October 2, 1751; d. August 25,
1812; m. Susannah Leeds, 1774. 28. Daniel. 29. Gideon, b. 1756; d. 1825; m. Sarah J.
James. 30. Hannah, m. David Davis. 31. Judith, m. Daniel Offley. 32. Ruth, m. Samuel
Reeve. 33. Rachel, m. Samuel Bolton. 34. ^Nlark, m. Mary Browning. 35. Margorie, m.
Daniel Leeds, 4th.

17. John R. Scull m. Sarah Somers. daughter of James Somers. the miller of Bar-
gaintown. They had:

36. Sarah Ann, m. Thomas Ireland. 37. Wesley, ni. . 38. Somers, m.. first.

Williamson; second, Mary D. Tomlin. 39. Julia .\nn, ni. Peter Steclnian. 40. Rachel, m.
Lucas Lake. 41. IMartha. 42. Phoebe, m. Jesse Lake.

22. James Scull, b. October 2, 1751; m. Susannah Leeds, daughter of Daniel Leeds and
Susannah Steelman. The ceremony performed according to the Friends' custom, May.
1774. They had:

43. Daniel, b. June 3, 1775; m. Jemima Steelman. 44. Gideon, b. October 30. 1777; m.
Alice Higbee. 45. Dorcas, b. October 7. 1780; m.. first. Samuel Ireland; second, Jonas
Leeds. 46. Paul. b. .\pril 2. 1783; m. Sarah Steelman. 47. James, b. March 25. 1786: m..

SCULL FAMILY, -|-j;»

fir~t, Loriniu Stcclman: sccoml, Sniitli. 4S. Siwaniiali, Ij. jaiiiKiiy J5, i;S(;: in. J.ilni

Stcolman. 49. Hannah, b. June .'O. 170J: ni. l-Mwanl Led-. 50. J. .a!.. 1., ^L^^vll j. ',:<,(,:
m. Ann Stackhonse.

29. Gideon Scull, b. 1750; ni. Sarah J. Janus, whu was a iccDnimnuka niinisur ..1 the
Society of Friends. Gideon sold his share oi the patrimonial estate to his brother Mark and
removed to Salem County, Lockheartstown. This was the Swedish name for a place on
Old Man's creek, where Gideon was a merchant. This place was called ScuUtown for more
than 60 }-ears, the name being changed to Auburn. Gideon and wife were members of
Pilcsgrove Monthly ^Meeting. He died in 1825, aged 69 years. His children were Abigail,
dietl young: Abigail second, died 1867, in Philadelphia, of old age. James, died at sea, 1820.
Jonathan. Ofi'lcy. Hannah, m. William Carpenter. Salem County. Sarah. D;ivid. 1>. i7(yj;
m.. first. Lydia Lippincott; second, Hannah D. Wood. Paul. Gideon.

43. Daniel Scull, b. June 3. 1775; m. Jemima Steclman. daugliler of Daniel and Cath-
erine Steelman. They had: 51. Judith. 52. Rebecca.

44. Gideon Scull, b. October 30. 1777: m. Alice Higbee. prob:ilj!y <laii:4liler c.i Jnhn
Higbee and Alice Andrews. They had: 53- ^lary. m. Samuel Irelan.l. 54. Josiah. 55.
James. 56. ^L^rk. 57. Daniel, m. Leah Somers. 58. Samuel. 59. Fdward. 60. Aliee. m.
Samuel Doughty.

46. Paul Scull, b. April 2. 1783; m. Sarah Steelman. daughter of Zcphaniah Slee1m:ni
and Rebecca Ireland. They had: 61. Anna ^laria. b. ^March 12. 1809: d. February 16. 1894: ui-
Benjamin Turner, son of Peter Turner and Mary Leeds. 62. Zephaniah. b. December 10,
iSio: d. August 25, 1887: m. Mary Leeds. 63. James, b. October 3. 1813; d. January 4. 1872;
m. Amelia Smith. 64. John, b. November 3. 1815: d. January 17, 1894: ni. Mary Leeds,
daughter of Cornelia and Ann Dutch Leeds. 65. Lewis W.. b. May 2. 1819; m.. first, Esther
Smith. August 22. 1846: m.. second, IMary H. Sooy Higbee. daughter of Jonathan and .Abi-
gail Bowen Sooy. August 16. 1862. 66. Lardner. b. May 15. 1822: d. F\-bruary i. 1897: m.
Josephine Leeds. 67. Dorcas, b. December 10. 1824: d. June 17. 1S67: m. Thomas Bowen.
son of Josiah and Esther Leeds Bowen.

47. James Scull, b. March 25, 1786: m., first, Lorinia Steelman. daughter of Daniel and
Catherine Steelman. They had: 68. Abigail. 6g. William. 70. Gideon.

48. Susannah Scull, b. January 25, 1789; m.. first, John Steelman. son of -\lis;ilnni Steel-
man. They had: Sarah, James, John, Hannah and Angelina.

50. Joab Scull, b. March 2, 1796: m. .Ann Stackhonse. of Camden, X. J. They had: 71.
Anne. 72. Eiuma. 73. William S. 74. Mary Jane. 75. Caroline.

62. Zephaniah Scull, b. December 10, i8ia: m. Mary Leeds, daughter of Stacy Leeds
and Mary Jackson. They had: 76. Rebecca, b. June 24, 1836: d. June 24. 1859. 77. Susan-
nah. 78. Ebenezer.

63. James Scull, b. October 3. 1813; m. Amelia Smith, daughter of SteeluKin Smith and
Ann Bowen. They had: 79. Helena, b. Xovember 20. 1844: ni. Harry \'ansant. 80. Kliz
abeth. b. October 22, 1846; m. Charles G. Steelman. 81. Henrietta, b. March 1(1. 1841); m.
John Townsend. 82. Albert C, b. September 22, 1855: m. Ella E. Co.x.

64. John Scull, b. November 3, 1815: m. Mary Leeds, daughter of Cornelius and .\nn
Dutch Leeds. They had: 83. Morris T., b. February 21. 1848: m. S:irah C:impbell. 84,
Anna iNL, b. March 11, 1854: d- April 11, 1885; m, Silas Higbee.

65. Lewis W. Scull, b. June 2, 1819: m., first, Esther Smith, daughter of Steclm:m and
Ann Bowen Smith. They had: 85. Henry S.. b. June 4. 1847; m. Mary A. Bruner. October
2, 1868. They had Florence E.. Lewis Bruner, Mae E.. Harry DcMar. Nan B., Frank Rae,
Emily C, Charles Landell. and Helene AL 86. Ella M.. b. January 7. 1851: d. March i. 1879.

66. Lardner Scull, b. ALay 15. 1822: m. Josephine Leeds, daughter of Jesse Leeds and
Ann Bowen Steelman, October 12. 1852. They had: 87. .Anna AL. b. March 9. 1853. 88.
Thomas B.. b. July 22, 1853. 89. Bertha, b. September 13. 1857: m. Gilbert Smith. 90.
Essie, b. Xovember 26. 1861. 91. Sallie. b. February i. 1864; m. Jonas Higbee.

3. Abel Scull was the father of Joseph Scull, b. 1731. who :,t one time was one of the

LEWIS W. SCULL.

SCUl.I. FAMILY. 4M

wealtliicst men in Sonth Jersey. In taking; up amis against Great Britain in the Revolu-
tionary war, Joseph converted his personal property into Continental money, whicli was
never redeemed, and the war left him little but his lands. Washington recommended Joseph
Scull for promotion in the following words: He is a young man, but a brave soldier, and

deserves promotion. He married Sarah . His will contains the following item: "'I

give and devise unto my wife, Sarah, my negro boy, and after the death of my wife Sarah,
I do order that the said negro boy be set free." He died September 30, 1810. He had: 92.

Abel, b. June 3, 1760, who m. .Mice Collins. 93. Enoch. 94. ^tary, ni. English. 95.

Naomi, b. April 20, 1763; m. Nicholas Franibes: d. February i, 1816. g6. Rachel, m.

Higbee. 97. Martha, m. Price.

92. Abel Scull, b. June 3, 1760; m. Alice Collins, daughter of Dr. Richard Collins, the
first resident physician in Gloucester County. They had: 98. Joseph, b. January 2, 1790:
d. May 16, 1853; m. Susannah Blackman. 99. Richard, m. Elizabeth Hickman, too. An-
drew, member of Home Guard, 1812; d. aged 94; m., first, Eunice Scull; second, Mary
GifTord. loi. Enoch, m. Ann Hickman. 102. Mary, m., first, Andrew Blackman; second,
Daniel English: third, Clayton Leeds. 103. Sarah, m.. first, Capt. Robinson; second,
David Smith. 104. Elizabeth, m. John Broderick. 105. Nancy, ni.. first. George Hickman;
second, Elvy Scull; third, William Smith.

98. Joseph Scull, b. January 2. 1790; il. ^May 16. 1S53: was a member of the Home
Guards in the war of 1812. He was for many years :i Justice <t\ the Peace and a prominent
and well respected man in local affairs. He ni. Susannah I'.lacknian. and their children were:
106. Alice, m. Stacy Powell. 107. Andrew, m. Rhuhama Chaniiiinn. 108. .Abel. m. Sylvia
Ann Champion. 109. Joseph, b. August 22. 1826; m. Hannah (iififord. no. Susannah, m.
Enoch Champion, in. Sarah, d. in infancy.

99. Richard Scull m. Elizabeth Hickniai
113. Ann, ni. Beetle Edwards. 114. Mary, n
Vandewater. 116. George, m. Cinderella Sh
garet, m. Thomas ^^'inner. 119. .\licc, m
English. 121. Caroline, m. Alphens Barrel
Abel J. m. Hannah Ann Steel man.

100. Andrew Scull m.. first. Eunice Scnll. daughter of Enoch Scull. They had: Samuel.
d. in Key West. Sarah, m. Jonathan Doughty. Richard, d. a babe.

100. Andrew Scull m.. second. Mary Gifford. They had: 124. Richard, b. .August 25,
1826. 125. Robert, b. August. 1820: killed in battle of Cold Harbor, Civil War, June i,
1864; m. Ann Stevens. 126. Eunice. 1). 1S32; m. Benjamin Hickman. 127. Elizabeth, b.
1834; m. John Willits. 128. >Iargaret. b. 1836; m. John Dickson. 129. Ann, b. September
13, 1838; m. Nicholas Hickman. 130. Andrew, b. April 25, 1840; m. Maria Barrett. 131.
Mary, b. August 11, 1842; m. Jesse Barrett. 132. Mittie, b. August g, 1844; m. John J. Gard-
ner, January i, 1873. 133. Rejoice, b. June, 1846; m. Chester Barrett. 134. Alice, b. June
25, 1850; m. Enoch Thompson Gifford.

101. Enoch Scull m. Ann Hickman. They had: 135. Thomas, m. Sarah Trout. 136.
John, m. Beulah Risley. 137. Morris, d. young. 138. Lydia. m. Jesse English. 139. James,
m. Charlotte Remine. 140. Walter, m. Susan Joslyn. 141. Enoch, ni. Elizabeth Smith.
142. Eliza. 143. Philip. 144. Mary.

107. Andrew Scull m. Rhuhama Champion. They had: 145. Elizabeth, m. Henry
Dennis. 146. Susan, m. William Jeftries. 147. Elmer. 148. Sylvia, m. Richard Risley.
149. ^lartha, m. Benj. Lee. 150. Joseph, m. Mary Somers, daughter of Jesse Somers.

108. Abel Scull m. Sylvia Champion. They had; 151. Abel. 152. ]Martin Van Buren.

109. Joseph Scull, b. August 22, 1826; m. Hannah Gifford. They had: 153. Sarah
Elizabeth, m. George W. Smith. 154. Juliette, d. 1879. 155. :Martin Van Buren. m. Flor-
ence Soiners. 156. Emily Gift'ord, m. Stewart H. Shinn. 157. Josiah H. 158. Susanne.
159. James Gifford. 160. Harriet Somers. m. Harry B. Leeds.

The

v had:

II.

;. Philip, m. Lydia Hickman.

a'ilh

lam Jol

ine.

115. Elizabeth, m. Cornelius

, II

7. Han

mah.

in. Henry Sinith. 118. 'Slar-

5razi

er \\'e

stcot

t. 120. Richard, m. Eunice

I2J

!. Tlu.r

nas

Edward; 123. .\bel J., twins.

HON. JOSEPH SCULL.

ISO of Sir George

SOMI-.RS FAMILY. 4:!3

IJ5. Robert Scull, 1). Au.uust, i8jy; ni. Ann Slcvciis. They had: i6i. Samuel, ni.
Annie Lloyd.

130. Andrew Scull, b. April ->5. 1840; ni. Maria Barrett. They had: 16.'. Mary L., m.
Job Giflford. 163. Elizabeth, ni. Kugene .Mden. 1(14. Hannah, ni. Smith Collins. 165.
Ann. m. Wesley Somers. lOO. Sarah, m. Henry Sooy. 167. James. 168. Cornelia.

120. Richard Scull m. Eunice English. They had: 169. Thomas, m. Annie ^L Risley.
170. Christopher English, m. Annie Cordcry. 171. Joanna, m. William L. Lore. 17J.
I Richard.

I SOHERS FAMILY.

[■■ Somers Would like orlrin "f "^'"'^ family for more than two hundred and fifty years has been
f John Somers of Somers Point,, history of Atlantic County on land and sea. As patriotic citizens,
fe came f'"°'" J^j'°''"^^g®'^'gft",^'^\t '^ ^"J masters of ships they have won honorable names.
lubn'n.''now Somerton. Penn., and In-iniers was born in Worcester. England, in 1640, and died in 1723.
Chased .Sixvi .<icres at Somers Point ^ ^-iijie crossing the ocean to this country, and was buried in the
?.'"'^"j'""He "°etonged V° theannah Hodgkins, b. 1667, d. 1738, came from Worcester, England.
ind. but later he and his ^^ttjed at Upper Dublin, Pa, moving soon after to the Egg Harbor
.laughter. MllUcent, joined ^ ^,^,^^ ^^^ November 30, 1695, he purchased of Thomas Budd 3.000
etv and all three oecanie ^ ^ , r , , • ^

built a Friends meetinge was appointed supervisor ot roads at the first court held at Ports-
cousin o£ Joh"t\. March 20. 1693. His grave may still be seen in the old Somers
r the Point where many of his descendants have been buried.
Bermudas. Among hie nine children:
ants were Colonel Richard Som., j^^^. ^j NQ^.gj^jjpr 27. 1760; m. Judith Letart, b. 1712; d. 1763.
i''s;m:r?"ma'ster:ommand?nt J> ■"• Abigail — , b. July 21, 1695. 4- Samuel. 5. Job. 6. Isaac.
'States Navy. M. B. H. 1704. to Mary Steelman. 8. Bridget. 9. Hannah. 10. Millicent,

l> < !• teller 7. iii^'5: 111, jiiiH' iri, 1704. Richard Townsend, of Cape May.

J kK-liar.i 111. Juihtli. ihiughter of Sir James Letart, of Arcadia, N. S. He burned tlie
biiclv and built at Suiikij Point the old Somers Mansion, which is still standing. They
ha J ten children:

11. Francis. T2.yan]Fi, b July 2. 1739. 13. John. b. October 14, 1727; d. August 27. 1799.
14. Col. Richard, b. November 24, 1737. 15. Edmund, b. May 20, 1745. 16. Joscpli. (The
last two were lost at sea.) 17. Judith S., b. April 5, 1743; m. — Risley. 18. Sarah S.. b.

July 21, 1729; m. Fred gteelman. L9, Elizabeth S., b. April 5. 1733; m. Paul. 20.

Hannah, b. December 22, 1735; m. Peter Andrews.

12. James, b. July 2. 1739; m. Rebecca and had eight children;

21. James, who owned slaves and built the old mill at Bargaintown; m., first. ;

second. Maiy Scull, nee Brannen. 22. Abigail, m. John Steelman. 23. Samuel. 24. .Alice. JAJ-JO V ^~

ni. Peter Frambes. 25. Rebecca, m. Coiiover. 26. Hannah, m.. first. John Holmes;

second, John Shillingsforth. 27. Aaron. 28. Sarah.

13. John. b. October 14, 1727; d. August 27, 1799; m. for his second wife. Hannah
Spicer I.udlam. b. September 3, 1735; d. November II, 1800. John occupied the old brick
mansion M Somers Point and owned, with Col. Richard, the Point property and Pecks
Beach, where Ocean City now stands. He was the father of ten children:

29. John. 30. James, m., first, Lettice Finlcy; second, Aner Blackmail ; third, ^^artha
Wiley. 31. Richard, lost at sea. 32. Jesse, b. October 4. 1763; d. January 29. 1858. T,i.

Frank, lost at sea. 34. Judith, m. David Scull. 35. Rachel, m. Reed. 36. Elizabeth

m- Wescott. ^,7. Joseph, who died of yellow fever. 38. Abigail, m. ■ • Freeland.

14. Col, Richard, b. 1737; d. October 22, 1794; m. Sophia Stillwell, of Cape May,
Decembe' 3, 1761, by whom he had three children. He was a Colonel in the militia, a
Judge of the county court, and his name appears among those of the members from his
native county in the Piovincial Congress, for the year 1775; though it would seem that he
■did not take his scat. Col. Somers was an active Whig in the Revolution, and was much

ress Ilhtsfraied-~
ately braided in a
3:made yoke and
amg:, finished with

55.00

new styles in hand-
y inserts of fine laces
the latest style eff:.cts

25.00

model with scalloned™.

HON. JOSEPH SCULL.

somi-:rs family.

12-,. Robert Scull. I). .\ui;ii>t, i8-'9: in. Ann Steven?. They luul: i6i. Sami
Annie Lloyd.

130. Andrew Scull, b. April -'5. i!^4o; >»■ Maria Barrett. They had: ii>2. Mary
Job Gifford. 163. Elizabeth, ni. Kugene Aldcn. i()4. Hannah, ni. Smith Collin;
Ann, ni. Wesley Soniers. Ib6. Sarah, ni. Henry Sooy. 167. James. 168. Cornelia.

ijo. Richard Scull m. Eunice English. They had: 169. Thomas, m. Annie M.
170. Christopher English, m. Annie Cordcry. 171. Joanna, m. William L. Lure
Richard.

SOHERS FAMILY.

The well-known Somers family for more than two hundred and fifty years has been
closely identified with the history of Atlantic County on land and sea. As patriotic citizens,
soldiers in the Revolution and masters of ships they have won honorable names.

The original John Somers was born in Worcester, England, in 1640, and died in 1723.
His first wife died in 1681, while crossing the ocean to this country, and was buried in the
sea. His second wife, Hannah Hodgkins, b. 1667, d. 1738, came from Worcester, England.

He was a Quaker and settled at Upper Dublin, Pa, moving soon after to the Egg Harbor
region. The records show that on November 30, 1695, he purchased of Thomas Budd 3.000
acres of land for £240. He was appointed supervisor of roads at the first court held at Port>-
mouth in Cape May county, March 20, 1693. His grave may still be seen in the old Soniers
burying ground in the pines near the Point where many of his descendant> h.ivi' been buried.
By his second wife he had nine children :

2. K'iihfiriL b. March, 1693; d. November 27, 1760; m. Judith Letart. b. 1712; d. 1763.

3. James, b. July 15, 1695; m. Abigail , b. July 21, 1695. 4. Samuel. 5. Job. 6. Isaac.

7. Edmund, m. January 2, 1704, to Mary Steelman, 8. Bridget. 9. Hannah. 10. Millioent,
b. October 7, 1685; m. June 16, 1704, Richard Townsend, of Cape May.

2. Richard m. Judith, daughter of Sir James Letart, of Arcadia, N. S. He burned the
brick and built at Somers Point the old Somers Mansion, which is still standing. They
had ten children:

li. Francis. T2.yan]es^ b. July 2, 1739. 13. John, b. October 14. 1727; d. .August 27. 1799.
14. Col. Richard, b. November 24, 1737. 15. Edmund, b. May 20, 1745- 16. Joseph. (The
last two were lost at sea.) 17. Judith S., b. April 5, 1743; m.' — Risley. 18. Sarah S., b.

July 21, 1720; m. Fred gteelman. ig. Elizabeth S., b. April 5, 1733; ni. Paul. 20.

Hannah, b. December 22, 1735; m. Peter .\ndrews.

12. James, b. July 2. 1739; m. Rebecca and had eight children:

21. James, who owned slaves and built the old mill at Bargaintown; m., first, ;

second. Maiy Scull, nee Brannen. 22. .Abigail, m. John Steelman. 2;^. Samuel. 24. .Mice.

ni. Peter Fr?.mbes. 25. Rebecca, m. Conover. 26. Hannah, m.. first, John Holmes;

second, John Shillingsforth. 27. .Aaron. 28. Sarah.

13. John. b. October 14, 1727; d. .\ugust 27, 1799; m. for his second wife, Hannah
Spicer I.udlam. b. September 3, 1735; d. November 11, 1800. John occupied the old brick
mansion ;.t Somers Point and owned, with Col. Richard, the Point property and Pecks
Beach, where Ocean City now stands. He was the father of ten children:

29. John. 30. James, m., first, Lettice Finley; second, Aner Blackman; third, .Martha
Wiley. 31. Richard, lost at sea. 32. Jesse, b. October 4, 1763; d. January 29, 185S. 3,1

Frank. lost at sea. 34. Judith, m. David Scull. 35. Rachel, m. Reed. 36. Elizabctli,

in. Wescott. 37. Joseph, who died of yellow fever. 38. Abigail, m. Freeland.

14. Col, Richard, b. 1737; d. October 22, 1794; m. Sophia Stillwell, of Cape May,
Decembe- 3, 1761. by whom he had three children. He was a Colonel in the militia, a
Judge of the county court, and his name appears among those of the members from his
native county in the Piovincial Congress, for the year 1775: though it would seem that he
A\\ not tak.' his seat. Col. Somers was an active Whig in the Revolution, and was much

^'2 y 1.

JOB B. SOMERS, M.D.

SO.\n-:KS FAMILY. 435

employed, in the field and otherwise, more especially during the lirst years of the great
struggle for national independence.

39. Constant, b. 1760; d. 1797; m. Sarah Hand, of Cape May. He was the first collector
of the port of Great Egg Harbor. He had a son Constant, who was killed at Kronstadt,
Russia, at the age of 17, by falling into the hold of his vessel, August 29, 1811. Constant's
daughter, Sarah, m., first, William Learning; second, Nicholas Corson, of Cape May.

40. Sarah, b. December 31, 1772; d. 1850; m. Capt. William Jones Keen, of Philadelphia.

41. Capt. Richard, b. September 15, 1778; d. September 4, 1804. in the harbor of '\J /} )f^^7^'^ *^^^
Tripoli. (See biographical sketch.) ^/- [ .^ c /y ^

30. James, m., first. Lettice Finley. b. February 27, 1760; second, Aner Blackman, b. ^^f^

Match 3, 1779; d. April 13, 1822; third, to Martha Wiley, b. 1790; d. February 22. 1874. By
the first wife he had six children; second, four children, and the third, one child:

42. Judith, b. October 12, 1793; d. December i, 1876 m. James Garwood

43. ^Lary, b. July 10, 1802: d. July 19, 1882; m. Richard Spain.

44. Susan, b. October 25, 1791; m. James Somers, Jr.

45. Hannah, b. October i, 1795; m. Elijah Davis, September 26, 1S34; d. August 22, 1899.
They were luarried by Rev. Thomas N. Carroll, a Methodist minister, in Philadelphia.
Dying when nearly 104 years old, she left a fortune to church and religious societies, and
was buried in Woodland Cemetery. (See biographical sketch. )

46. Mark, b. Au.gust 4, 1799; d. February 23, 1872.

47. Joseph, b. March 20, 1798; d. July 6, 1859.

48. Constantine, b. April 19, 1812; d. January 8, 1891: m. Marriet Ireland.

49. David B., b. 1807; d. 1874; m. Eliza Ann, daughter of Samuel Somers. He began
life as a school teacher. Later on he opened a country store and took up conveyancing
and surveying, in which occupation he continued throughout his life. He always had a
deep interest in tow^nship affairs and the respect in which he was held in the community
is shown by the various offices to which he was elected. Besides acting as Justice of the
Peace for a number of years, he was Lay Judge of the Court of Common Pleas for fifteen
years, and served one term in the State Senate. He was a staunch Democrat, and for
several years presided at the Democratic County Convention. He was a member of the
Zion M. E. Church, and throughout his life was noted for his integrity and kindly spirit.

50. Deborah, b. September 6, 1814; d. April 24, 1888: m. Washington Somers.

51. Arabella, b. August 10, 1817; d. October 17, 1S91 ; m. Judge John Doughty, of Ab-
secon. (See Doughty family.)

52. Harriet, b. September 15, 1825; m., first. Edward Cordery, and her second husband
was Simon Lake. Lives in Ocean City.

32. Jesse, b. October 4, 1763; d. January 29, 1858; m.. first Deborah Ludham, b. .\pril
4. 1775; d- September 18, 1835, and had eight children: m., second, Elizabeth Baker, d.
September 16, 1848, age 45 years, 7months, 19 days:

53. Priscilla, m. Elton Braddock.

54. John. m. and had two children.

55. Reuben, m. Mary Bank and had two children, Reuben, m. Roxanna Somers;
Jesse, ni. Deborah Bowen.

56. Hannah, m., first, Jatues Scull; second, Humphrey Scull.

57. \\'illiam.

58. Priscilla Ann.

59- Jesse, m. Mary Baker, b. 1817; d. 1876.

60. Richard L., b. December 17, 1809: d. April 6, 1871; m., first. Hannah Somers. b.
January 9, 1807: d. December 16, 1835, m., second. Annie Braddock, «jf Medford. \". J., b.
May I, 1813; d. May 27, 1897. By his first wife he had two children;

61. Deborah Jane, m. George Anderson.

62. Christopher, who was lost nt sea, September 15, 1858. from the schooner "Spray,"
off Cape Cod, aged 22, years.

436 UA1L^ L"XI(:)X HISTORY ()F ATLANTIC COUNTY.

By his second wile he had seven children:

63. William B.. b. January. 1839; d. August 24. 1839.

64. Dr. Job Braddock. b. June 17, 1840; d. April 8, 1895; m. Louisa Corson, b. 1837: d.
1888.

65. Richard B., ni. Harriet Tilton, and has three children. Lena. Maggie and Abbie.

66. John \V., died young.

67. Annie, b. March 16. 1846: d. November 15. 1874: m. Adolph Apella, of Philadel-
phia, and had one child, A. Somers Kapella.

68. Braddock, d. young, September 13, 1858.

69. Hannah S., m. George Hayday, Jr., and had two children, Florence and Louisa.
59. Jesse, m. Mary Baker, and had ten children:

70. Daniel Baker, lost at sea.

71. Ann Eliza, m. Richard Adams, and had one child, Somers.

72. William H.

73. Priscilla Ann, m. Morgan Christopher, of IMedford, N. J.

74. Mary B., m. William Braddock.

75. Cornelia, m. Somers Garwood.

76. Jesse, killed at Scranton, Pennsylvania.

77. Melvina, m. Joseph Scull.

78. Eldorada. m. Steelman Turner.

79. Theresa, m. Joseph L. Veal, of Mays Landing, N. J.

21. James Somers, the "miller," m., first, Sarah , and had nine children; second

wife. Mary Scull, nee Brennen.

80. Samuel, b. November 25. 1779; d. January 4, 1855: m. Roxanna Scull.

81. Nicholas, m. for his second wife. Ruth Corson, nee Willits. and had one child,
Ruth Eliza; m., second. Phoebe Scull and had four children: John, Charles. Abigail and
Rachel.

82. James, m. Susan Somers and had six children:

83. Joseph.

84. David.

85. Jacob, m. Mary Clark.

86. Sarah, m. John R. Scull and had seven children.

87. Richard, m. Leah Holmes.

88. Francis, m. Margaretta Vansant. and had seven children: James, Job. Alfred,
Elmer. Margaret and Amanda. Amanda m. Capt. Wesley Robinson and had two children:
Laura, m. William Middleton and Lena, m. Clifton G. Shinn.

80. Samuel, b. November 25. 1779; d. January 4. 1855; m.. December 13, 1801. Roxanna,
daughter of John Scull, and had eight children:

89. Sarah, b. 1804; m. Andrew Frambes.

90. Constant, b. 1806; m. Sarah Edwards.

91. Washington, b. 1809; m. Deborah Somers.

92. Mary, b. 1812; d. young.

93. Eliza Ann, b. 1814; d. 1872; m. David B. Somers, b. June, 1807; d. April 12. 1874.

94. Mary, b. 1817; d. 1836; m. John Brock.

95. Caroline, b. 1820; m. John W. Tilton.

96. Phoebe, b. 1824; m. Josiah Dilks and had two children: Annie, m. Albert Fleming,
of Philadelphia, and Priscilla, m. William Braddock, of Berlin.

91. Washington, b. 1809; d. 1871; m. Deborah Somers and had ten children:

97. Roxanna, m. Reuben Somers. 98. Henrietta. 99. John, lost at sea. 100. Mary, d.
1896. lOl. Harriet, m. Wesley Ireland. 102. Annie, m. John Towle, of Absecon. 103.
Leonard. 104. Arabella, m. Leonard Melton. 105. Martha, m. Geo W. Fox.

89. Sarah, b. 1804. m. Andrew Frambes, b. February 12, 1796, and had nine children:
106. Roxanna. m. Jonas Higbee and had four children: Henry, Andrew. Sarah C. and

SOMERS FAMILY.

W'ilmer. 107. Nicholas, in. Amanda Ingersoll. 108. Caroline, ni. Samuel W'ayi
Phoebe, m. David Preston, no. Somers, m., first, Hester Blackman; second, J
Yates, nee Race. in. Howell, m. Abbie Higbee. 112. Mary, m. Wesley Leeds. T
Ann, m. John Henry Tilton. 114. Sarah, ni. Daniel Leech.

95. Caroline, b. 1820; m. John \V. Tilton and had five children:

115. Daniel E., m. Ella Duff.

116. Phoebe Alice, ni. Clement J. Adams and had two children. CnrU-tnn ,nid M

117. Luther, m., first, Elnora Somers; second, Emily Duff, and had three
Grace. Ralph and .•\rthur.

118. Irene, m. Lewis Imlay. and luul tliree children, Caroline, llcirace and Jol

119. John Walker, m. Eva Webb, and has one child, Mervella.
64. Dr. Job Braddock Somers, b. June 17, 1840: d. April 8, 1895: 1

Cape May County, b. September 2, 18,^7; d. December 14, 18S8, an

e. 109.
.sephine
.1. Eliza

isa L<

BIRTHPLACE OF

SOMERS DAVIS.

Florence, b. July J2, 1864; m. :\Iartin V. B. Scull; and Lucien Bonaparte Corson, b.
8, 1871; m. Elizabeth M. Stewart, of Philadelphia, and has one child, Richard.

Dr. Job Somers was a very successful physician and a deeply religious man and 1
exemplary citizen. He was one of the founders of Trinity Masonic Lodge, and lal
Keystone Lodge, at Linwood. He was greatly beloved and respected by all who knew
He was the author of several historical pamphlets and found pleasure in serving his i
men and in keeping all his obligations.

90. Constant, b. 1806; d. 1891; m., 1829, to Sarah, daughter of Daniel Edwards
had ten children: 120. Samuel, died young.

121. Maryett, b. 1832; d. 1857: m. Samuel W. Tilton and had one son. Curtis.

122. Daniel E., b. 1834; m. Mary E. Price and had two children: Marietta, ni. 1
Price; and Fred.

123. Samuel, b. 1836: m. Rachel Githens and had two children: W:irren and Hi
Warren, b. 1868; m. Isora Blackman, and have five children; Helen. Samuel, Jr.. liar'
iSq.t: d. 1899: Rachel, and Warren, Jr.; Hubert, b. 1872.

him.
ellow

438 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

124. Lewis Henry, b. 1839; d. 1890; m. Lenora C. Adams and had two children, Mark-
anna and Geneva.

125. Susan E., ni. Harrison Dubois, of Woodbury.

126. Israel S., b. 1844; went to California in 1866; ni. and has nine children:

127. Sarah, m. James Tilton and had six children: Mary, m. Frank Somers; John R.,
Sarah, Somers, Clarence and Ethel.

128. Annie J., b. 1849: d. 1881; m. Jesse Steclman and moved to Kansas, where both
died young, about 1881 or 1882.

129. Aner B., m. James Farrish and had four children: Annie J., Jeanette, Curtis and
John.

93. Eliza Ann, b. 1814: d. 1872; m. David B. Somers and had five children — (For David
B., see Lay Judges.):

130. Aner B., b. 1835; d. 1850.

131. Mary B., b. 1839: deceased; m. John Cordery, and had two children, Emma and
Mae F.

132. Joseph Henry, b. 1847; d. September 8, 1892; m. Judith S. Somers and had seven
children: Eliza A., Lillian. Herbert L., David B., Harry G., Joseph Howard and Mary C.

John Somers, a brother of James, settled about three miles from Somers Point. He
died in 1823, aged 68 years. Four of his sons. Richard I., Edmund, Lewis and Henry, mar-
ried and left numerous descendants that settled in this and Cape May County. Edmund,
the last remaining son, died March, 1881, in his 68th year. Many by the name of Somers
have gone down to the sea in ships, never to return, but are resting beneath the waves wait-
ing the dawn of the resurrection morn.

STEELnAN FAMILY.

1. James Steelman. ist, was a Swede, who, before 1690, had identified himself with the
colony of Swedes, in New Castle, Delaware. He located land in this county in 1694 or 1695,
and owned large tracts, also many head of cattle. He was a member of the Gloria Dei, OKI
Swedes Church, of Philadelphia, and his children, Andrew and Susannah, are also mentioned
in the records of that church. He was married, previous to his coming to this section, to
Susannah Toy, daughter of Christian Toy. The children of this union being: 2. Andrew,

ist, b. 1689-90; d. 1736; m. Judith . 3. Susannah, b. 1691; m. John Kean, November,

1713, son of ]Mathias Kean and Henricka Classen. 4. Hance, ist, will proved 1760. 5. John,
1st, b. January 7, 1692; will proved August II, 1775; m- Sarah Adams. 6. James, 2d. m.
Katherine Kean, daughter of Nicholas Kean and Elizabeth Lock. 7. Elias, ist. 8. Mary,

m. Blackman. 9. Peter, ist, d. 1762; m. Gertrude , record in Old Swedes Church,

Philadelphia, Vol. 2., p. 225.

James ist afterward m. Katherine Ouster, June 3, 1730. He owned a considerable por-
tion of the southwest end of Absequam beach, which he bought of Thomas Budd. James
died in 1734.

2. Andrew Steelman, ist, b. 1690; m. Judith . Their children were: 10. Andrew.

2d, made deeds in 1746; no children. 11. Peter, 2d. b. May i, 1723; d. November 9, 1762;
m. Hannah Leeds, daughter of Japhet Leeds, ist, September, 1750. 12. James. 3d; deeds

in 1743. 13. Frederick. 1st, m. Sarah ; will proved April 29. 1778. 14. ^Nlary. d. May

21. 1797; m., first. Edmund Somers, January 2. 1734; second, Joseph Mapes, May 6. 1746. 15.
Judith, m. Collins. 16. Susannah.

4. Hance Steelman, ist. Had: 17. James. 18. Hance, 2d. 19. Charles, will February,
1779; m. Mary and had Barbara, John. Mary. David. Margaret. Gortery and Phoebe.
2C. John. 21. Daniel.

5. John Steelman. ist. b. January 7, 1692; m. Sarah Adams. They had; 22. John, will

STEEL.MAN FAMILY. -139

1796: m. Abigail Soniers. dauRlUer of James Somcrs. 23. Jeremiah. 24. Zoplianiah. d. 1790;
ni. Rebecca Ireland, daughter of Edmund Ireland. 25. Jemima. 26. Knthcrinc. 27.
Susannah; ni. Daniel Leeds 3d, son of Japhet ist. 28. Rebecca, m., first Daniel Leeds 3d,
son of Japhet ist; m., second, Robert Smith, son of Robert Smith and Eliz. Belange. 29.
Rachel, m. Hi.gbee. 30. Esther, m. Richard Higbce.

13. Frederick Steelman, ist, d. 1778; m. Sarah . They had: 31. James, 4th, m.

Susannah, daughter of Noah Smith. 32. Frederick, 2d, d. 1782; m. Sophia Rislcy. 33. An-
drew, 3d, was shot on Long Island by John Bacon, a Tory, in the war of the Revolution.
34. Sarah, m. Henry Smith. 35. Abigail, m. and had a son, Elias. 36. Judith, ni. Jeremiah
Leeds, December 8, 1776, son of John Leeds. 37. Mary, m. Daniel Leeds, January 3, 1775,
son of John Leeds. 38. Hannah. 39. Rachel, m. Peter Steelman, son of Isaac Steelman and
Mary Andrews.

Frederick Steelman. his father and several brothers served in Xew Jersey State Militia,
war of Revolution.

II. Peter Steelman. 2d. b. May I. 1723; d. November 19, 1762; m. Hannah Leeds,
September, 1850. They had: 40. Japheth. b. January 10. 1752. 41. Judith, b. September 20,
1754. 42. Isaac, b. January 5, 1756; m. Mary Andrews. 43. Deborah, b. October 9, 1757;
d. young. 44. Susannah, b. April 12, 1762; d. March 8, 181a; m. Christian Holdzkom.

42. Isaac Steelman, b. January 5, 1756; m. Mary Andrews. They had: 45. Peter, b.
December 28, 1779; m. Rachel Steelman. 46. Jesse, b. September 27, 1781; d. November 3,
1842; m. Rachel Leeds, daughter of Jeremiah Leeds. 47. Hannah, b. August 25, 1783; m.
Esperus Tilton. 48. Judith, b. Jilarch 13, 1785; m. Enoch Conover. 49. Sarah, b. July 12.
1788; m., first, VVm. Adams: second, Geo. or Thos. Smith. 50. Isaac, b. 1790: m. Margaret
Leeds, daughter of Richard and Sarah Leeds. 51. Millicent, b. August 30, 1792; d. 1873; m.,
first, Isaac Ingersoll; m., second, Jeremiah Leeds, son of John Leeds.

22. John -Stpe-lnj^i]^ will 1796; m. Abigail Somers. They had: 52. John, Major in war
of Revolution, State Troops; m. Margaret Leeds, daughter of Neheniiah Leeds. 53. Daniel,
m. Katherine Reed, daughter of Obadiah Reed. 54. Jonathan, b. December 31, 1762; m.
Sarah Cordery. They had Elizabeth, Isaac and Jonathan. !;c .Misalnm, m Snrah ?yp;-onp^
of Long Island. 56. Hannah. 57. Roxanna, m. Felix Smith, of Absecon. 58. Abigail.
59. Mary. m. Nicholas Sooy, of Leeds Point. 60. Jemima. 61. Zephaniah, m. Rebecca
Ireland and had Esther, m. Nehemiah Clark. 1800: Rebecca, m. Davis; Sarah, b. Feb-
ruary 24, 1787; m. Paul Scull.

46. Jesse Steelman, b. September 27, 1781; m. Rachel Leeds. They liad: 63. Mary, b.
September 7, 1807: m. Mark Reed, November 6, 1831. 62. Parmelia, b. .\pril 13. 1802; m.
Nathan Ramson, of Long Island.

S2. Major John Steelman m. Margaret Leeds. They had: 64. Nehemiah, September 3,
17S0. 65. Zephaniah, September 30, 1785. 66. Julia Ann, September 9, 1788; m., first, Ab-

saloin Higbee; second, — Carter. 67. Abigail, April i, 1791; m., first, Higbee. 68.

Jonas. September i, 1793; m. Ann McCnllough. 69. Leeds. August 21, 1796; m., first,
Abigail Risley; second, Ann Steelman. widow of Reed Steelman. 70. Phannel. b. Sep-
tember 25, 1799; m. Elizabeth Myers.

55. Absalom Steelman m Sarah Sprong. They had: 71. John, m. Susannah Scull,
daughter of James and Susannah Scull. 72. Absalom, m. Deborah Corvode. November
27, 1820. 73. Elizabeth, m. Arthur Westcoat. son of Thomas and Chloe Westcoat. 74.
Charlotte, m. John Westcoat. brother of Arthur.

Absalom Steelman and Deborah Corvode had Elizabeth. John. Charlotte. Sarah. Isaac,
Caroline, Absalom and Katherine.

65. Zephaniah Steelman. b. September 30, 1785. Had: 75. John. b. September 8. 1825;
m. Ruth Wilson, April 4, 1846. daughter of John Wilson and Elizabeth Leeds. 76. Reuben,
m. Lavinia Houston. 77. Ann, m. Hardesty. 78. Margaret, m. Daniel Brown.

68. Jonas Steehnan. b. September i. 1793; m. .\nn McCuIlougli, They lia<I: 79. Mary,

5 {" y'' "^ 440 DAILY UXIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

Vj \v y I ,r m- I'lfiiry Disston. 80. Julia Ann, m. Thomas Morse, son of Joab Morse and Mary Ann

" y \ Lallian'. Si. BeuLah, m. Small. 82. Margaret.

50. Isaac Steelman, b. 1790; m. Margaret Leeds, daughter of Richard and Sarah Leeds.
They had: 83. Richard L., b. 1816; m. Hannah Robinson. 84. David L., b. 1820; m.
Rosetta English. 85. Jesse, d. 86. Mary, b. 1823; m. Andrew Robinson. They had three
children, Judith, Abel and Margaret. 87. Sarah, b. 1826.

83. Richard L. Steelman, b. 1816, m. Hannah Robinson. They had: 88. Margaret, b.
1843; m. Abner Price, 1864. They had three children, Webster, Richard S. and Alice. 89.
Sarah Etta, b. 1846; m. George S. Winner, go. Isaac, b. 1852; ni. .-Mice M., daughter of
Constant Smith

84. David L. Steelman, b. 1820; m. Rosetta English. They had: 91. Dr. Jesse A.
Steelman, deceased. 92. Mary E., deceased. 93. Anna L., deceased. 94. Ida, deceased. 95.
Ella, m. H. S. Collins. 96. Rosalind. 97. James E., deceased. 98. James E., m. Hattie
Franibes. 99. Mary Ida. 100. Dr. Philip, m. Abbie Scull. loi. Sarah, m. Thomas Smith.

CO. Isaac Steelman, b. 1852; m. Alice M. Smith in 1877. They had seven children: 102.
E\\:x'. h. 1879. 103. Cora, b. 1882. 104. Constant, b. 1887. 105. Wilbur, b. 1888. 106. Fred-
erick, b. 1893. 107. ?Iannah, b. 1895. 108. Clarence, b. 1899.

TOWNSEND FAHILY.

Gen. Joseph Townsend, in his early life lived at Green Bank, in JNIonmouth County,
and was in command of local militia in the war of 1812. He settled at Bridgeport, in Bur-
lington County, soon after the war, and conducted a hotel there for many years. The build-
ing is still standing. He raised a family of three sons: (2) Daniel; (3) Joseph, and (4)
Paul, and four daughters: (5) Rebecca; (6) Maria; (7) Louisa, and (8) Elizabeth.

(2) Daniel, b. December 17, 1804; m. Jemima, daughter of Samuel Loveland and
Jerusha Burnett, of Bridgeport, N. J., by whom there were thirteen children, eight sons
and two daughters living till past middle age.

Daniel Townsend settled at Leeds Point, adjoining the well-known Japhet Leeds" farm.
on the most sightly and beautiful point along the New Jersey coast. He prospered as a sea
captain and owner of vessels, trading from New York along the coast. All his eight sons
became captains of vessels.

There being scarcely any public schools in those days, Daniel Townsend, mostly at
his own expense, built a private school house and employed teachers to educate his children
and those of his neighbors. Manj' still living can remember and bless his generosity.
He was the prime factor in building the Presbyterian Church at Leeds Point, close beside
which is his grave. In his later years he founded and named the town of Wheatland, N. J.,
and established tile \vorks there which promised to become immensely profitable owing to
the very rich and extensive clay beds, but owing to financial difficulties the enterprise cost
a fortune and never became profitable. Capt. Townsend was one of the promotors and
builders of the New Jersey Southern Railroad, and but for opposition from his own friends
and neighbors where he might least expect it this line, in all probability, would have passed
through Port Republic and Mays Landing and vastly changed the subsequent history of
Atlantic County.

In 1854 he represented this county in the Assembly, and was one of the most progres-
sive and useful citizens of his day.

The children of Daniel and Jemima Townsend were: (9) Joseph Towers, b. February
14, 1826; d. September 16, 1887. (10) E. Norris, b. November 3, 1828; d. July 31, 1894. (11)
Samuel, lives in Texas. (12) Daniel, lives at Leeds Point. (13) William H., died in Bos-
ton, in i8go. (14) James D., b. August 8, 1839; d. October 14, 1870. (15) Van Doren. m,
Patience Stafford, is a captain of a steamer running between Philadelphia and New York.

TOWXSEXD FAMILY. 44t

His home is at Ashland, N, J. (i6) Jesse L., b. November i,;. 1S45; m. Malviiiia Brugler^
of Warren County, is a carpenter and builder in Atlantic City. (i~) Joanna, a twin sister
of Jesse, widow of the late James S. Robinson, lives in .-Xtlantic City. (18) Adaline, widow
of Thomas Scull and R. S. Barrows, is deceased.

(3) Joseph Towers, the oldest son, was the captain of a coasting vessel at the age of
nineteen. He and his father and brother, next older, each had a vessel and had a large con-
tract to bring fifty or more thousand cords of wood from southern points to New England
ports for Boston and other railroads. This was before the general use of anthracite coal.
Several other vessels were built at Poughkeepsie till their fleet numbered eight or nine and
were very profitable. During the war three of the Townsend vessels were lost in the South.
Two were burned and one captured and stripped. At the close of the war Capt. Townsend
took a cargo of cotton to Russia. During his lifetime he made fourteen trips across the
Atlantic.

On February 16. 1848, he married Eleanor, daughter of James Jones, of Forked River.
Seven children were born to them: Eliza J., b. January 29, 1852; m. Capt. John Lewis,
deceased. Jilordacai T. R.. b. October g, 1854; m. Frances Johnson, and lives in Atlantic
City. James Beach, b. June 30, 1857; m. Estella Boice. Luthera Eleanor, b. September 9,.
1858; m. Arthur H. Butler, deceased. Joseph Towers, b. November 15, 1861; m. Eugenia
Hammell. John E. Jones, b. September 18, 1865; m. i\Iay Madden; d. January 7, 1900.
Georgie Emma, b. July 26, 1872; m. Byron S. Eastburn, and lives in Philadelphia.

During the last years of his life the health of Capt. Towers Townsend failed, and for
some years he did not follow the sea. On his last voyage home he was stricken with fever
and died soon after his arrival in Brooklyn, September 16, 1887, aged 61 years.

His mother, Jemima Townsend, was a woman of many sterling qualities, who had the
full possession of all her faculties till her life went out, February 18, 1894, at the ripe age
of ninety-one years.

All the descendants of Daniel Townsend number seventy-eight: Thirteen children;
thirty-six grandchildren, and twenty-nine great-grandchildren.

Bloorapbical llntrobuction.

IX these hundred and more sketches of individuals and famihes will be found
interesting- and important facts for those who may care what the past has
been, thereby the better to judge what the future may have in store for this
city and county. The life work of sincere and generous souls of our earlier
history are here referred to and a fair and concise presentation made of leading
spirits of the present day, who have useful years and honorable careers before
them for their fellow citizens.

HOX. CHARLES T. ABBOTT.

Hon. Charles T. Abbott of Mays Landing, was born at Tuckahoe. Dcccmlicr 27, 1849.
Tit is a son of the late John C. Abbott and a younger brother of Joseph E. P. Abbott, the
-present Prosecutor of the Pleas.

He was educated in the public schools and studied law with his brother at Mays Landing,
"being admitted to practice June 6, 1879. His practice has been of the general nature in the
county courts. He was search clerk under County Clerk Lorenzo A. Down for several years.
For eleven years he was elected Assessor of Hamilton township and elected a member of the
•county board of freeholders in March, 1899. In November of the same year he was elected
to the Assembly, receiving 3.864 votes to 1,890 cast for C. Bodine Somers, Democrat, and
.391 for Powell, the Prohibitionist. He married Miss Caroline A. Glover of Camden.

JOSEPH E. POTTS ABBOTT.
Joseph E. Potts Abbott, Esq.. Prosecutor of the Pleas of Atlantic City, is a descendant
•of one of the old New Jersey families. His grandfather, James Abbott, was a resident
of Salem County, where John C. Abbott, the father, was born in 1803. He moved to
May's Landing about 1830, having first been employed for a time as clerk at Weymouth
works, after which he became general manager for Dr. Schomburger. of Pittsburg, of
his furnaces on the Allegheny jNIountains near HoUidaysburg. He married Ann G. Treen.
of May's Landing, and had eight children: Rev. William T. Abbott, of Ocean Grove; John
G., ■\\ho was killed at Fort Wagner in 1863; Joseph E. P., Clark W.. of May's Landing;
Dr. Benjamir. T., of Ocean City; Rebecca A. (deceased), Charles T., and Margaret T.
The father was a civil engineer and merchant. He served fifteen years as one of the lay
.judges of Atlantic County, was for several terms a member of the Boar<i of Freeholders,
and lived to the ripe age of eighty-nine years.

The subject of this sketch was born at May's Landing in August, 1840. He was
educated in the pay schools of the county and taught school for three years before enter-
ing the law office of Hon. George S. Woodhull. of Camden, one of the Justices of the
Supreme Court in 1861. He was admitted to practice at the November term. 1865,
-and succeeded the late William Thompson in practice at May's Landing at his death, in
December, 1865. He was admitted as a counsellor at the June term, 1870. and admitted
-to practice in the U. S. Courts in i86g. His law practice has covered a wide range in real
estate and corporation cases. He was appointed Prosecutor of the Pleas for Atlantic
'County by Governor Griggs in 1898 as a testimonial to his ability and to his unswerving
Republicanism. He occupies a beautiful home on the main street of the town where he
(443)

HON. CHARLES T. ABBOTT.

BIOGRAPHY. 445

was born and is known anionic hi- proicssional liruthu-n as tliu fatluT ..i ihu Atlantic
County Bar, beuig the oldest livmi; practitioner.

He married in 1862 Miss Adeline H. Gibson, of Doylestown. Pa. They have had two
children, both deceased. He has a great liking for numismatics and minerals, and has
been over twenty years gathering a collection: having made a specialty of American silver
coins, he has one of the finest to he found, and his mineral collection of over si.\ hundred
species had among it some of the rarest on exhibition at the great Centennial Fair of 187(1.

ALFRED ADA.MS. Sr.

Alfred Adams. Sr.. of this city, was born at Martha Furnace, in Burlington County, in
1833. He was the son of Uriah and Rebecca Adams. His father was employed in the old
Martha iron furnace, and the boy and his two brothers, Joseph and Jere, attended the little
old school house in the woods till old enough to work in the paper mill at Harrisville, a few
miles froin Martha. A few years later the boy found w'ork as a spinner in the old cotton
factory at Pleasant Mills, wdiere, by accident, he broke an arm. He learned the trade of a
brick mason and plasterer, for there w-as prosperity in those days in that section when
Charles K. Landis and Richard J. Byrnes were developing farms and getting New England
people to settle in and about Hammonton.

In 1853-54, when the first railroad was building to the seashore, Mr. Adams lived at
Elwood, and later for a time at Mays Landing, getting work where he could. He was em-
ployed on the railroad and came to this city in 1857 to live permanently, working at his
trade. In 1859 he married Clara Bryant, and has been one of our best known and most in-
dustrious citizens ever since, ^lany a hotel and cottage is in part, at least, the product of
his handicraft.

ALFRED ADAMS, Jr.

Alfred Adams, Jr., the well-known bathing master near the foot of Virginia avenue,
was born and has always lived on this island. He is one of the several grandsons of John
Bryant, who was identified with the early history of this beach as a salt manufacturer and
wrecker. Mr. Adams was educated in the public schools of this city, and by the time he was
of age had mastered the trade of a bricklayer and plasterer. He was enterprising and suc-
cessful, and in summer assisted his father in the bathing business.

At the age of twenty he engaged in the bathing business on his own account, invested
in beach front real estate, and has owned valuable propertj- in various parts of the city.
While a Republican in politics, he has no ambition for official honors, but makes business
his pastime and enjoys the friendship of all who know him. On December 26, 1883, he mar-
ried Miss May Lindley, and has a beautiful home on \"irginia avenue.

CLEMENT J. ADAMS.

Clement J. Adams, the well known real estate dealer and insurance agent is a son
of the late Enoch Adams and was born at Bakersville, N. J., in 1845. He finished his
acedemic education at Pennington Seminary and thereafter graduated from a business
college at Poughkeepsie, New York. He saw service in the war of the Rebellion, rank-
ing as a corporal. He enlisted in Co. B. 25th New Jersey Volunteers. September i, 1862,
and was mustered in Septendjer 26th, of the same year. He was mustered out June 20.
1863. For thirteen years he taught school at English Creek. May's Landing, and else-
where in the county, with great acceptability.

In i88o he came to this city and formed a partnership in the real estate and insurance
business with his cousin, Israel G. Adams, having their first office for some years on
Atlantic Avenue, near Arkansas. Since the completion of the Real Estate and Law Build-
ing in i83S their office has occupied the best half of the first floor.

In 1882 he was married to Phoebe A. Tilton. of Bakersville. and has two very proniis-

446 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

ing children. Miss .Mau N. and :\L-istcr Carlcton. Mr. Adams served this city several years
as Superintendent of Public Schools, and for a number of years as President of the Board
of Education. He is one of the Trustees of St. Paul M. E. Church, has been very suc-
cessful in business and has been largely identified with improvements.

HAROLD F. ADAMS.

Many beautiful and artistic buildings, including churches and cottages throughout At-
lantic County, stand as monuments to the skill of Harold F. Adams as an architect. Mr.
Adams who has an office in the Real Estate and Law Building, is a son of Charles E.
Adams, and was born in Camden County, August 3, 1868. He was a student at the Wil-
liamstown public schools till he moved with his parents to this city, in 1876. He continued
his studies here, and after graduating from a business college he became an electrician, which
occupation he followed for several years. In 1892 he entered the office of the late William
G. Hoopes as a draughtsman and architect, becoming, after a few years, a silent partner.
In 1897 he graduated as an architect from the University of Pennsylvania, and immediately
afterward opened an office for himself in this city. Besides numerous cottages, Mr. Adams
prepared the plans for the Arnold apartment house on Pacific avenue, the Young amuse-
ment building on the beach. St. Peter's R. C. Church at Pleasantville, and Harry Wootton's
fine cottage at Longport, and the remodeling of the Seaside.

ISRAEL GUTHRIE ADAMS.

Israel Guthrie .^dams. tlic head of tlie real estate and insurance firm of I. G. Adams
& Company, comes from good old Quaker stock, for several generations resident of Atlantic
County. His father, the late Israel Scull Adams, was the youngest of four brothers in a
family of seven children. Their father was the late Jesse Adams, of Bakersville. The seven
children were:

I. Clement, who married Elizabeth, daughter of Daniel Baker. 2. Enoch, who married
Naomi Townsend. 3. Constant, who married Sophia Morris. 4. Israel Scull, who married
Louisa C, daughter of the late Dr. Guthrie, Connecticut born, who lived and died in the
South, being buried at St. Augustine, Fla. 5. Abigail, who married Charles Lake. 6. Eliz-
abeth, who married Pardon Ryon, Sr. 7. Margaret, wdio married, first, John Baker, and
second, Andrew Frambes.

The subject of this sketch was born in 1843, at Bakersville. He finished his education
at Pennington Seminary, and before he was twenty-one years of age was master of a vessel.
He followed the sea for a number of years, engaged in trade chiefly at West Indian and
Mexican ports. In February, 1865, he was shipwrecked off Cape Lookout in a severe storm
and nearly lost his life. His vessel, the schooner "Spray," struck the shoals eleven miles
from shore, where no help could reach them in the high sea. From Monday till Thursday
afternoon, Capt. Adams and his five men were lashed to the rigging in great peril, nearly
frozen and starved, the waves breaking over them. A boat's crew from the warship of
Admiral Porter finallj' took them off as the Admiral was proceeding to Washington to
witness President Lincoln's second inauguration.

Capt. Adams was in command of the I. S. & L. C. Adams, crossing the ocean in 1867,
when a hurricane was encountered, nearly sinking the ship.

He quit the sea in 1883 and opened a real estate and insurance office in this city, at
Arkansas and Atlantic avenues. His usual enterprise built up a profitable business, which
has been steadily advancing ever since. His cousin, Clement J. Adams, is associated with
him in the firm. The foresight of his father in purchasing large tracts of sandhills and
meadow lands down the beach has been of vast benefit to the two sons.

BIOGRAPHY. 447

John Baker Adams, of Canulen. is the <inly brother of I>rael C. Israel C. marrie.l. first,
Phoebe A. Sanders, and had five ehildren, Florence. Amelia S.. who married Dr. Walter .\.
Corson; Charles R., who graduated from Chester Military Academy, a civil engineer, and
is engaged in the real estate business in this city; Mabel E.. and Israel Morton, who is a
law student in the University of Pennsylvania.

For his second wife Mr. Adams married Anna M., the youngest daughter of Peter
Boice. He has a fine home at Linwood, while his business office is in Atlantic City. Be-
sides his extensive real estate interests, I\Ir. Adams is a stockholder and director in several
financial institutions. He is a director in the Second National Bank and the Safe Deposit
and Trust Company, President of the Atlantic City Cooling Company, Director in the State
Mutual Building Association, also in the West Jersey Guarantee and Title Company, also in
the Chelsea Investment and Development Company, and the Chelsea Hotel and Improve-
ment Company; Director of the Security Trust and Safe Deposit Company, of Camden.
One of I. G. Adams' late deals was the selling of the West Jersey Excursion House, at
Chelsea, to a syndicate of Philadelphia millionaires for $360,000, from whicli now springs
the grandest hotel on the Atlantic coast.

ISRAEL SCULL ADAMS.

Israel Scull Adams was the son of the late Jesse Adams, one of the early settlers of
Bakersville, and a member of the Society of Friends. He was born in 1819, and died in
1870, in the locality where he had always lived. In his early life he followed the sea and was
always more or less interested in vessel property. He married Louise C. Guthrie, of Wil-
mington, N. C, and had two children, Israel G. and John B. For many years Israel S.
Adams was the Republican leader of Atlantic County. He was appointed Collector of
Customs at Somers Point by Abraham Lincoln, in 1861; reappointed by him in 1865: again
reappointed by Presidents Johnson, Grant, Hayes, Garfield and Arthur, dying December 4,
1884, before his term expired, and his successor was appointed by President Cleveland.

At the time of his death he was a member of the Republican State Executive Com-
mittee and was a candidate for the nomination for Governor. He was also named by the
Republicans as a Presidential elector from New Jersey, but resigned shortly before the
election on account of failing health. Mr. Adams was one of the wealthiest men in South
Jersey. At one time he was a large vessel owner, but disposed of his interests in that line
at the time of his appointment as collector. He was a stockholder and director in the West
Jersey and Atlantic railroad, the Trade Insurance Company, of Camden, the Atlantic City
Water Works Company, the Chelsea Beach Land Company, the South Atlantic City Land
and Improvement Company, the Atlantic Lumber Company, and President of the Morris
Fish, Oil and Guano Company, of Great Egg Harbor.

JAMES B. ADAMS, ESQ.
James B. Adams, Esq., is one of the younger members of the Atlantic County Bar who
has established himself in one of the learned professions. He was born in this city, October
28, 1869, and is the only son of James C. Adams. He was educated in the public schools
and studied law with Samuel E. Perry, Esq., being admitted to the bar in June, 1897. He
had been actively identified with the Sons of Veterans, and has the esteem and confidence of
all who know him.

JOHN BAKER ADAMS.
John Baker Adams was born at Bakersville. August 7, 1846. He is the younger son of
the late Israel S. Adams. He finished his education at Pennington Seminary, in 18O5 and
1866. after attending the West Jersey Academy at Bridgeton. two years. He then went with

44S DAILY UXIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

his brother one year on Iioard a vessel prior to taking command of a vessel himself. His
first voyage was to Trinidad. W. I., and was successful. He followed the sea for a number
of years and has always been interested in vessel property. He married Phoebe D. Baker,
of Camden, and has two children: Clarence F. and Carrie J., all living in Camden. It was
John B. Adams who negotiated the sale of Chelsea Heights to a syndicate comprising Ken-
nedy Crossan, ex-Senator Charles A. Porter, Dr. Jos. J. Filbert, A. Louden Snowden, Gen.
Wm. J. Latta, and others. The tract comprises 460 acres of meadow land adjacent to
Chelsea, which the late Israel S. Adams purchased during his lifetime for $3,000. The price
paid by this syndicate was $315,000. By dredging the surrounding bays and raising the
^rade of this land above the highest storm tide a large and beautiful town site will soon be
established and millions of dollars of property created.

LEWIS R. ADAMS.

Lewis R. Adams is a son of Alfred Adams, Sr., one of the old-time residents of this
■city. He is a grandson of John Bryant, who was one of the first settlers of Atlantic City.
It was his grandfather who operated the famous salt works that flourished here early in the
■century, and although the subject of this sketch was born as late as January 10, i860, he
has seen many changes in his native city, and no one is more competent to detail the
amazing progress that has been made here during his life than he. He received a common
school education, and at the age of fourteen apprenticed himself to the bricklaying trade
under his father. He served the allotted time, and at the age of nineteen, he became a con-
tractor, entering boldly into competition with men who were twice his years. But pluck
and ability, traits which run in his family (he being a cousin of John L. Young), aided him
splendidly, and among his first undertakings was that of building the old Ocean House at
Connecticut and Pacific avenues. He constructed the brick work for the Pennsylvania
avenue school house, the hotel Luray, Osborne and Leland. He did the mason work on
the Real Estate and Law Building, and on Myers' Union Market.

He was the first Building Inspector of Atlantic City, being appointed in 1887. Two
jears later he opened bath houses on the Boardwalk at the foot of New York avenue, and
has been engaged in this business ever since, and is the owner of a valuable beach front
property.

JAMES M. AIKMAN.

James M. Aikman, cashier of the Union National Bank, the youngest son of the Rev
William Aikman. D. D., was born in Wilmington, Delaware, March 13, 1866. He was edu-
cated in the public schools of Detroit, Mich., and in the private academy of Prof. West, of
Morristown, N. J.

In 1884 he began his banking experience as runner for the Atlantic City National Bank,
under Robert D. Kent, cashier. He continued there until the Union National Bank was
■organized, October 11, 1890. He began in the new bank as teller, and on the retirement of
Mr. Hammer as cashier he was promoted and has filled the position with great credit to
himself ever since.

LEVI C. ALBERTSON.

Prominent among our citizens who have been identified with the growth and develop-
ment of Atlantic City, is Levi Collins Albertson, for many years postmaster.

He was born at Smith's Landing, this county, December 6, 1844, the eldest of five
children of Jonathan Albertson and Asenath Collins, who was the granddaughter of Dr.
Richard Collins, the first resident physician of Atlantic County.

His youth was passed on the Albertson farm on the shore road, at Smith's Landing,

BIOGRAPHY. 449

where he attended the public schools. He was a sliulent at Penningtcm Scniinary. i,S(\?-<)4.
After leaving the Seminary he volunteered in the United States Navy and served until the
end of the Civil War. He saw service on the U. S. Gunboat "Kansas." which was attached
to the North Atlantic blockading squadron under Admiral David D. Porter, participating
in the blockade of the port of Wilmington, N. C., and the attacks ui)cin and final capture of
Fort Fisher.

After leaving the service he engaged in mercantile business, principally in the oyster
trade between Virginia and New York, until 1872. He married (.)ctr)ber i. iS'iS. l'".lizalK-lh
Leeds, great-granddaughter of Jeremiah Leeds, the original proprietor of .\bsecon beach.
They had three children, viz.: Gertrude, Casper and Myra.

^Ir. Albertson served as Deputy Revenue Collector of Atlantic County for two years,
School Trustee six years, and as City School Superintendent five years.

In February. 1872. he was appointed Postmaster and served continuously until May.
1886. when he resigned the office and entered the real estate firm of Gardner, Shinn & Co.
He was again appointed Postmaster in 1890, and served four years and two months. He is
now County Collector of Atlantic County, and has always been identified with the Repub-
lican party.

Mr. Albertson is a prominent member of the Central Methodist Episcopal Cliurch.
havinsj been a trustee since its inception.

GEORGE ALLEN.

George Allen, the well-known merchant, was born near Belfast, in County .-Xntrim. in
the north of Ireland. December 11. 1846. He came to this country in 1864 and started in
business with his uncle, the late George Allen. Sr., at 930 Chestnut street, Philadelphia. In
1878 he succeeded his uncle, who retired from business, and in 1891 moved to a larger store
fitted up especially for the millinery trade at 1214 Chestnut street. He has a purchasing
of^ce at No. 3 Rue Bleue. Paris, where the greater portion of the goods are procured which
he makes up for the American trade. At the corner of Pacific and Maryland avenues Mr.
Allen has a handsome summer residence, and besides has other large property interests in
this city. He is the largest individual stockholder in the Atlantic City National Bank, and
a director of that institution. Since he first came to Philadelphia Mr. Allen has been a
member of the Chambers Presbyterian Church, and for twenty years one of the trustees,
being president of the Board. He negotiated the recent sale of the old church property at
Broad and Sansom streets, lot 74x104. for $412,500. He is a member of the Board of Trade
and also of the Trades' League, of Philadelphia, and a member of the Presbyterian Social
L'nion. Mr. Allen occupies a fine residence at 1725 Spring Garden street. He has a wife and
four children: Isabella, Esther. Kathleen, and George. Jr.

CHARLES A. BAAKE.

Lawyer Charles A. Baake, who is prominent legally, fraternally and finaiuially in .\tlan-
tic City, was born in New York City, October 31. 1863. his parents being John C. and .Anna
E. Baake, of Cassel, Germany, who removed to Egg Harbor City when the subject of this
sketch was an infant, and wdiere they have since resided. He attended the public schools
of Egg Harbor City until fourteen years of age. when he entered the law office of August
Stephany. since deceased. He remained with his preceptor until May i. 1883. when lie
entered the law olKce of the late William Moore, at Mays Landing.

He was admitted to the New Jersey Bar during the June term. 1885. and immediately
began the practice of law at Egg Harbor City. He has always been an earnest Republican.
29

450 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

and during '86 and '87 he was Assessor of Egg Harbor City. He lias also been Solicitor of
Egg Harbor City, and of the Board of Health of that town, and is Solicitor of the Egg
Harbor Commercial Bank, in which institution he has quite an interest. In 1888 he moved
to Atlantic City, and while he followed his profession, he also devoted considerable of his
time to financial matters, being at different times an extensive owner in Chelsea, the excur-
sion house tract and other lands.

On the 17th of October, 1889, he was married to Eniilie, daughter of Peter and
Rosinea F. Sehemm. A son and two daughters constitute his family, which is a very in-
teresting one. His home is a domestic paradise, at 1419 Pacific avenue.

He was elected a member of the Assembly froin this county for the session of 1893, and
looked after the interests of his constituents with ability and candor.

He is a well-known Odd Fellow, having been District Deputy Grand Master of At-
lantic County at one time. He is a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, belonging
to the Chapter and Knights Templar. He is also a Red Man. and may always be found in
the midst of those interested in the development of the city and county.

CHARLES C. BABCOCK.

Charles C. Babcock, Esq., is the son of Capt. Theodore Babcock and Miss Caroline
Barrett, representatives of two of the best families of Atlantic County. He was born at
Mays Landing, July 26, 1873, and was educated in the public schools there and by private tui-
tion. At the age of fifteen he came to this city and found employment in the office of the
Wilson Ice & Coal Company for a time, and held other clerical positions till September,
1889, when he registered as a student of law in the office of Hon. S. D. Hoffman.

He was admitted to the Bar as an attorney-at-law in February, 1895, and as a counsellor
in 1898. He rapidly built up a general practice in the criminal and equity courts. He was
appointed clerk of the new District Court when Judge Robert H. Ingersoll took the Bench
under the new law, but the volume of his practice soon became so large that he had to resign
this position. Mr. Babcock possesses decided talent as a public speaker. He is a ready
writer as well as an after dinner orator and an able pleader before a jury. He is a member
of the Bar Association and has a bright and useful career before him. In politics he is a
Republican.

HARRY BACHARACH.

Harry Bacharach, the present Alderman of Atlantic City, was born in Philadelphia in
1873. He is the youngest of a family of five children of Jacob Bacharach, who for several
seasons had a clothing store in this city previous to locating here permanently in 1880, at
931 Atlantic avenue. The son was educated in our public schools, making rapid advance-
ment in his studies and embarking early in business enterprises. On ^larch i, 1892, he was
admitted as a member of the firm of Bacharach & Sons. In March of the following year a
larger store was opened in Tower Hall at Pennsylvania avenue. The firm prospered, and
in November, 1895, a still larger store was secured adjoining the post office, at 1416 Atlantic
avenue, and on March 14, 1899, a still larger store was secured at the corner of New York
avenue. This and the Tower Hall store are conducted by the firm with up-to-date enter-
prise and success. Alderman Bacharach has been quite successful in various real estate
transactions aside from his mercantile interests. He is Vice-President of the Seashore
Hotel Company, controlling the Hotel Islesworth, of wdiich his brother, Isaac Bacharach.
is Treasurer, and Wm. B. Loudenslager, President. For years he has been an active and
popular member of the ^Morris Guards, and has an enviable reputation for being a liberal,
public spirited citizen.

JOSEPH BALL,

Joseph Ball, the wealthy Quaker nicrchaut ul Philadelphia, who owned the Batsto
estate in 1784, when William Richards, his uncle, went there as manager, was a nephew of
or a cousin of the mother of Washington.

Ball owned large tracts of lands in Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and Washing-
ton, D, C, Dying intestate, in 1820, at the age of 73, his large interests were inherited by six
uncles and six aunts, one of whom was William Richards, the manager of Batsto, who
bought out the other heirs and became the sole owner of that large property.

In 1842, when Samuel Richards, who succeeded his father as administrator of the estate,
made his last accounting of the trust imposed upon him, there were seven hundred heirs.
Owing to the absence of any law by Congress to enable an administrator to sell lands in
the District of Columbia, nothing was ever realized from the property which Ball owned
there. The estate has long since been settled, though occasional attempts have been made
to revive an interest in it by some very distant relatives.

L. DOW B.ALLIET.
L. Dow Balliet, ^L D., was born at Milton, Xorthumbcrland County, Pennsylvania,
He received his early education in the public schools and in a private academy at that place.
On March 10, 1880, he graduated from the Hahnemann Medical College of Philadelphia.
His initial year of practice was spent at Gloucester, N. J., and from there he located at
DuBois, Pa., where thirteen years were given to an active and successful practice. In June,
1894, he located and is now following his chosen profession in Atlantic City, He is a
member of the .\tlantic City Homoeopathic Medical Club, also a member of the .\nicrican
Institute of Homoeopathy.

JOSEPH A, BARSTOW.

Joseph A. Barstow was born on the 9th day of April, 1827, in the village of Damaris-
cotta, on the Damariscotta river, Lincoln County, Maine.

He was a direct lineal descendant of Benjamin Barstow, one of four brothers who came
from England, all of whom were shipbuilders. He was brought into immediate and close
contact with the business of his forefathers, and hence followed in their foot-steps.

He lived with his father, Joseph Barstow, at the homestead which now stands and is
known as Belvedere Place, until he was nineteen years of age, when he started out in the
world for himself in company with his school friend, John Avery. They reached Boston
and remained there some time and helped to rebuild one of Boston's old churches.

In 1852 they arrived in Philadelphia and there learned of the seaside resort Cape May,
to which place they went, and were engaged in building and contract work there.

The following year, while the railroad to Atlantic City was being built, Mr. Barstow
made his first visit to Atlantic City. He traveled by stage, via May's Landing and Abse-
con, and thence by boat and landed where the Clam Creek boat houses now stand. He
remained a week, long enough to realize that the completion of the railroad would make
plenty of building for himself and others. He found plenty of work as a contractor and
builder, erecting many houses and hotels, viz., the Seaside House, Chalfonte, Shelburne
and the Mansion House.

He was elected to Council in the years 1857, '61, '62, '63, and for ten or a dozen terms
thereafter. In the year 1865 he was elected Treasurer of Atlantic City. He helped to
organize the first Building Association, and served as president of the same for many years.
He was also at one time director and president of the .\tlantic Lumber Company; In- served

452 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

several terms as a school trustee. He was an incorporator and a director of the Consumers
Water Company, and when that company and the Atlantic City Water Company (more
familiarly known as the Wood Company) were consolidated, he ivas the president of the
new company under the title of the "Atlantic Water Company."

He was vice-president of the Atlantic City National Bank, and was identified with that
institution until his death.

He was also at the time of his death, and had been for many years prior thereto,
president and general superintendent of the Atlantic City Gas and Water Company, a cor-
poration to which he gave much of his individual and personal attention, and because of
the excellent standing attaitied by that company was to Mr. Barstow a theme of particular
pride.

On February 29, :86i at Absecon, he married Elizabetli Ann Turner, daughter of John
Turner, of Smithville, .Atlantic County, N. J. His widow and six children, Georgianna, wife
of William Wright: Charles W., Estelle H., Nettie M., Joseph R., and Henry M. Barstow
survive him.

Mr. Barstow died after a short illness on Monday, August 15, 1898.

WILLIAM A. BELL.

William A. Bell is a son of E. S. Bell, and was born in Philadelphia, December 3, 1859.
His mind was well-drilled when he entered the employ of a prominent carpet firm in the
Quaker City. For seven 3'ears he labored diligently to acquire a thorough knowledge of
the business and succeeded. In 1885 he came to Atlantic City, and being fully equipped to
follow the career marked out by him, his father gave him an interest in his carpet business
and henceforward the firm was known as E.' S. Bell & Son. The house prospered beyond
the most sanguine expectations of its founders, and in 1890 the senior Bell, satisfied with
what he had accomplished, retired, Mr. Wm. A. Bell purchasing his interest, and the busi-
ness was continued under the name of Bell & Scott. In 1896 the firm was dissolved by
mutual consent, and was revived under the present name of Bell & Gorman. Being a public-
spirited citizen, Mr. Bell, in 1896, was appointed by Council a member of the Board of
Education. He is married and is an original member of the Board of Directors of the
Real Estate and Investment Company. As a large real estate owner he is identified with
the most progressive interests of the town, and the promotors of enterprises having for their
object the expansion of the city are always eager to enlist the good offices of the man
whose business is the best testimonial of his thrift and integrity.

FREDERICK BERCHTOLD.

At the head of one of the score or more of tailoring industries is Mr. Frederick Berch-
told. He was born in Germany in 1863. Ambitious to win a. fortune in the new world he
came to America at the age of eighteen, and settled in Egg Harbor City. He applied him-
self closely to the tailoring business and now has a profitable shop of his own. He has
been active in local affairs, is now a Justice of the Peace, secretary of the Agricultural and
Horticultural Association, secretary of the Sterbe Kasse, a local death benefit society, and a
member of Lafayette Fire Company. He has served on the finance committee of the
Building and Loan .Association for the past six years. He has a comfortable home on
Philadelphia avenue, and a happy family.

BIOGRAPHY.

HENRY BOICE.

Henry Boice was born in Abseeon, N. J., December 8. 1829. He was the third cliild,
and the oldest son of Peter Boice and Sarah Ann Chamberlain. After receiving such an
education as the large land owners were able to give their children in the pay-school of that
period, he remained with his father until twenty-one. His ever clear, shrewd mind sought
greater opportunities than could be found in country life, and ambition led him to Phila-
delphia, Pa. After reaching there the natural resources of the waters near his home im-
pelled his interest in the oyster business, in which business he continued until 1877 or '78,
when he retired from active business life.

December 21st, 1869, he married Kate M., daughter of Jonatlian and Eunice Smith.
They had one child, Elizabeth Clement, who survives them. In the spring of 1880 he re-
turned to Abseeon, N. J., settled near the scenes of his youth, continuing his interest in
Atlantic City property, and sincerely enjoying the pleasures of which he had been ever
fondest, hunting and fishing.

He was a man of tireless energy and stern integrity, honorable to all, and unassuming.
March 19, 1899, ten years after the death of his wife, he died peacefully at his home in .-Xbse-
con, N. J., and rests beside his father near the church of which both were generous
members.

To his memory his daughter caused to be built and donated to this city the "Henry
Boice Annex'" to the Atlantic City Hospital.

GEORGE A. BOURGEOIS.
Lawyer George A. Bourgeois, of Atlantic City, New Jersey, was born in Maurice-
town, Cumberland County, on May 15, 1864. After attending the public schools of his
native town, he finished his education with a two years" course in the Woodstown Acadeiny.
He graduated from the Law Department of the University of Pennsylvania with the
degree of L. L. B., in 1888; he was admitted to practice in the Courts of Philadelphia
in June of the same year, he read law with E. B. Learning. Esq., of Camden, N. J., and
was admitted to practice as an attorney in the New Jersey Courts in 1889, and as a coun-
sellor in 1892. Previous to his admission to the bar he taught school four years in New
Jersey, and for three years was Professor of Mathematics in Pierce
Philadelphia.

(n 1892 he came to Atlantic City and soon built up an excelle
careful student and expert accountant and mathematician, and has
member of the Atlantic County Bar.

isine

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jraci

lice. He is

1 hi

gh rank as

CHARLES B. BOYER.

Charles B. Boyer, Supervising Principal of the public schools of Atlantic City, was
born in Hamberg, Berks County, Pa., in i860. He was educated in the public schools and
taught school two years before he attended the Kutztown Normal School, where he grad-
uated in 1882. He also took a post graduate course the following year, before he resumed
teaching at Perkasie, Bucks County, where he continued as Principal for three years. The
four succeeding years he was principel of the schools at Newtown, Bucks County, coming to
Atlantic City in the fall of 1890, to fill the position of principal of the High School, under
Supervising Principal W. A. Deremer. On the death of Mr. Deremer, in October, 1893,
Prof. Boyer was chosen as his successor. How ably he has discharged his responsibilities,
commanding at all times the confidence of the Board of Education and the respect and co-
operation of the teachers and pupils needs no extensive recital here. Under his administra-
tion the prestige of our public schools has steadily advanced.

iU DAILY UXIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

Mr. Boyer lias been (|iiite successful in the building and sale of fine cottages. He now
occupies a beautiful home in Chelsea. In 1887 he married Miss Amanda L. Benner, daugh-
ter of a prominent buikler and contractor of Perkasie. They have one child, Miss Bessie
L. Bover.

THKOPH ILL'S PIENRY BOYSEN.

Theophilus Henry Boj'sen. M. D., was born January 14, 1854, at Ragersville, Tuscara-
was County, Ohio, where his father, Dr. Otto Boysen, practiced his profession nearly seven-
teen years. In 1867 the family moved to Bufifalo. N. Y., where the son graduated from the
medical department of the University of Buffalo in 1874.

After two years' practice in Buffalo, the subject of this sketch moved to Egg Harbor
City, where he has built up a splendid practice. In 1878 he was elected school trustee, and
in 1884 Mayor, serving three terms in succession, and again in i8gi, serving three years
more. He was elected Coroner of the county in 1879, serving three years, and served two
terms as school superintendent. In 1880 he became secretary and one of the charter mem-
bers of the County Medical Society, with Drs. Job B. Somers, D. B. Ingersoll, Boardman
Reed and others. He has been president of this organization and is now a permanent dele-
gate to the State Medical Society. He is a member of the American Medical Association,
and keeps up with the best thought in his profession.

For years Dr. Boysen has been President of the Aurora Singing Society, the first of
its kind organized in South Jersey. He has been secretary of the Egg Harbor B. & L.
Association since its organization, and is one of the town's most progressive citizens. He
is a Jeffersonian Democrat. On October 27, 1878, he married Miss Catherine, daughter of
Abraham Kinzinger, who was one of the freedom-loving Germans who took an active part
in the Revolution of 1848. Their union has been blessed with eight children, seven of whom
are living.

GEORGE F. BREDER.

George F. Breder. editor and publisher of the German Herald and Postmaster of Egg
Harbor City, was born at Egg Harbor City, January 29, 1862. He is a son of Casper Breder,
who came, with his parents, to Egg Harbor City in 1857, being among the very first settlers
in that Colony. In i860 his father was married to Eliza Keller, the daughter of another
pioneer settler, and George is the oldest of ten children. Educated at the public schools,
George, at the age of thirteen, entered the Pilot printing office. After several years of ap-
prenticeship, Mr. Breder worked at his trade as compositor, and being proficient in both
the English and German languages, had no difficulty in obtaining work on metropolitan
daily papers. In 1885 he returned to this county and was employed on the Daily Review
in Atlantic City, and later became City Editor of this paper. In 1889 he purchased the
Zeitgeist printing office at Egg Harbor City, and continues publishing this German weekly,
changing the name to Dcutscher Herold — German Herald. The printing establishment of
]\Ir. Breder is a large one. Besides his own weekly about twenty monthly church papers for
different congregations in New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Pennsylvania and Ohio,
are printed there. The job department has been greatly enlarged by purchasing the entire
Hammonton Mirror- Journal plant a year after, and moving it to Egg Harbor City.

Mr. Breder has held various public offices in his native town. He was Justice of the
Peace for eight years, and Assessor for three years. In 1893 he was elected Coroner of
Atlantic County on the Republican ticket. In 1898 he was appointed Postmaster, and the
grade of the office advancing from the fourth to the third class, becoming a Presidential
office, he was re-appointed by President McKinley and confirmed by the Senate in Decem-
ber, 1899, for a term of four years. Mr. Breder has an interesting family of five children —
two boys being twins.

BIOGRAPHY,

BENJAMIN H. BROWN.

Mr. Benjamin H. Brown, one of the few surviving founders of Atlantie City, was the
son of John M. Brown and Rosanna Hartley, of Philadelphia, and was born in Philadelphia,
December 31. 1S21. Soon after graduating from the University School, he engaged in the
lumber business, and continued therein till he accumulated a handsome fortune. In 1854
he furnished the material for the United States Hotel, on this then rather desolate shore,
in which w-as celebrated with elaborate banquet the arrival of the first train on this island,
July I, 1854. The creditors of William Neligh, the builder of the hotel, demanded their
money. The matter was taken into court and Hon. Thos. H. Dudley was appointed trustee
■of the property. In iSjg Mr. Brown bought in the property to protect his own interests, for
$30,000. It then comprised the entire square betw'een Maryland and Delaware avenues,
from ^Atlantic avenue to the ocean. The following winter he built the large w-ing facing on
Atlantic avenue, and furnished it elaborately and made it equal to any hotel along the coast
at the present time.

Two years following. Jere McKibben leased tlie hotel, but w^as not successful, so that
the following ten years, till 1870. the liouse was conducted by Messrs. Brown and Woelpper,
ivho were partners in the lumber business. Excepting two years, when the property was
leased to Messrs. Davis and Selfredge. Mr. Brown conducted it himself till 1889, wdicn he
sold the property to John S. Davis. In 1899 the site was sold in building lots and this
notable landmark, for the last ten years standing at Pacific and Maryland avenues, was sold
in sections and removed.

During his prime, Mr. Brown, as a Wliig and as a Republican, took an active part in
public aft'airs. He was a member of the last Whig convention, which convened in Baltimore
in 1852, and nominated Gen. Winfield Scott for President. In 1858 he was a member of
Council from the Eighteenth Ward, and in 1859 City Treasurer. In i860 he was a delegate
to the Chicago convention which nominated Abraham Lincoln for President, and in 1865,
just before President Lincoln was shot, Mr. Brown was appointed Collector of Internal
Revenue, Fourth District of Pennsylvania. In 1868 he was again a delegate to the Chicago
convention which nominated Gen. Grant for President, and all his life has taken a lively
interest in public affairs.

The subject of this sketch, who has been so closely identified with the progress of
Atlantic City during its entire history, recalls many pleasing incidents of his life at the
shore, and of a host of old friends and neighbors who have been associated with him in
hotel and cottage experience as the various enterprises have been developed which made
Atlantic City as the stranger finds it to-day.

He still maintains a summer house on States avenue, where he has passed the pleasantest
days of his long and useful life, having his winter residence at 944 Franklin street, Phila-
delphia.

JOHN LAKE BRYANT.

Hon. John Lake Bryant, who died at his home in this city, October 8, 1883, was a
descendant of two of the pioneer families of the county, the Lakes and the Bryants, wli^jse
.genealogies appear elsewhere. He left a widow and one son, Lieut.-Col. Lewis Thompson
Bryant, wdio is the only surviving male descendant of either the Bryant or Thompson
families. The father was born at Pleasantville, but came to this island when an infant and
passed his life here. He had very meagre opportunities for an education when a boy.
living at South Atlantic City, where his father operated a salt works and was in charge of a
life-saving station. By reading and study evenings, when a young man, learning the trade
of a carpenter, he improved his education, and by unusual energy and enterprise became
•one of the foremost and most influential citizens of this city.

450 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

He kept pace with every iinproveinent and was always conspicuous in the front rank.
He became one of tlie leading contractors and builders of hotels and cottages. He built
and owned at various times the Brighton, Traymore. Shelburne and Waverly. He became
proprietor of the Ashland House, now Hotel Heckler, in 1872, and built the Waverly five
years later.

He was elected to Council in 1868, 1875 and 1880, serving one year each, and in 1880
was appointed a member of the Board of Health. In 1878 he was elected Mayor and made
an excellent executive officer. He was elected to the Assembly in 1882 by a decided majority,
and proved himself one of the most useful and most distinguished members. He was active
and aggressive, and at times eloquent, advocating measures and defending the interests of
his native city and county.

His ardent desire to benefit mankind was one of the qualities of his heart. He was vice-
president of the Atlantic City Fire Company at the time of his death, October 8, 1883. Had
he lived he would have been renominated and re-elected to the Assembly and to higher
honors. There never was in the history of this city a more touching testimonial of pathetic
grief than that paid to the memory of John L. Bryant, when his body was taken to its last
resting place. Atlantic City lost an aggressive leader and devoted friend when he departed
this life in the prime of his manhood.

LIEUT.-COLONEL LEWIS T. BRYANT.

Lewis T. Bryant was born in Atlantic City, July 26th, 1874, and belongs to one of its
honored pioneer families. His father, the late Hon. John L. Bryant, was one of the early
promotors of Atlantic City, and always interested in the advancement of the resort. He
was at one time Mayor of the city, and at various times held many public offices of trust,
and at the time of his decease represented Atlantic County in the House of Assembly.

The son entered the Pennsylvania Military College at Chester, and after a full course
graduated with the degree of Civil Engineer in the year 1891, being the youngest graduate
from that institution from the date of its organization. After leaving college and making a
tour of Europe, he returned to Atlantic City and commenced the active control of his hotel,
the Waverly, and under his progressive management it has been very successful and enjoys
the patronage of a large and select list of patrons. The Waverly for years has been one of
the oldest and best established hotels of this resort, it having been previously conducted by
Lieut.-Col. Bryant's father.

During the intervals between seasons Lieut. -Colonel Bryant studied law in the office of
Judge Allen B. Endicott, and was admitted to active practice at the New Jersey bar in
February, 1898.

Lieut. -Colonel Bryant has been Captain of the Morris Guards, Atlantic City's leading
military and social organization, for si.x years, and has also been prominently identified with
other organizations.

At the outbreak of the Spanish-American war the Morris Guards volunteered their
services on the first call, but were not accepted. When the second call for troops was made
they again volunteered and were among the first companies mustered into the United States
service from the State of New Jersey, Lieut.- Colonel Bryant then receiving his commission
as Captain of Company F, Fourth New Jersey Volunteer Infantry, and received his commis-
sion as Major on JNIarch 6, 1899, while in the field. After being mustered out of the United
States service he was commissioned Aide-de-Camp, with rank of Major, on the staff of
Major-General W. J. Sewell, commanding the Division National Guards of New Jersey,
and was later promoted to Paymaster on General Sewall's staff, with rank of Lieut. -Colonel,
which position he now holds.

In the fall of 1899, the subject of this sketch purchased the Convent property, lot 143
feet, fronting on the ocean, by 500 feet deep, between Ohio avenue and Park Place, and
there expects soon to erect a fine beach front hotel, the Waverly property having been pur-
chased by the city for a high school site.

RICHARD J, BYRNES.

Hon. Richard J. Byrnes, of Hammonton. was born in Pliiladelphia in 1830. His step-
father, whose name he bears, was an Irish gentleman in the employ of Stephen Girard for
many years. At the age of ten years the boy went to work in John Grecnleat Whittier's
abolition paper, the Pouisyhaiiid freeman, and later was sent to a private seliool to fit him
for orders in the church. Young Byrnes graduated from the Central High School, and later
began the study of law. He was employed two years in a silk importing house, when he
secured a position in the Mechanic's Bank. He was active and enterprising and successful
in speculations. In 1857 he first met Charles K. Landis, and later left the bank to engage
with Landis in the real estate and brokerage business. In 1858 he came to Hammonton
and engaged actively in selling farms and inviting settlers to locate there, and has been there
ever since.

For four terms of five years each, he was one of the Lay Judges of Atlantic County.
He was active in organizing the first building association, twenty-seven years ago, and has
been its president ever since. Ten years ago he took a leading part in organizing the People's
Bank, and has served as the president of the Board of Directors ever since. .A.t the out-
break of the civil war he helped to form a company of cavalry, which his real estate interests
at that time prevented him from joining. No man has done more to advance the liest niter-
ests of Hammonton during the past forty years than Hon. Richard J. Byrnes.

JOHN B. CHAMPION.

Ex-Councilman John B. Champion, of this city, was the youngest of ten children, and
was born at English Creek, Alay 13. 1834. His father, Enoch Champion, was for many
years a blacksmith and fariner there on the banks of the river and worked hard to support
a large family of children in very humble circumstances. The mother died when the sub-
ject of this sketch was but three years old, and the father died seven years later. John
began work on a farm at $2.50 a month, having very meagre opportunities for schooling.
After he was 15 years old he worked for Richard Doughty on a farm four years. He then
followed the sea four years till he was qualified to be in command of a vessel. Three of his
brothers were lost at sea, were never heard from after leaving port. He then quit the sea
and became a partner of his old employer, Richard Doughty, in the fish and oyster trade.
Transportation then to Camden and Philadelphia was by wagon through the woods and
swamps, over sandy roads. The junior partner made the purchases of the baymen and got
the loads ready, while Mr. Doughty made two trips a week to the city to market. They
prospered and the young man soon married Lydia, his partner's only daughter. In 1864
Mr. Champion built the American Hotel at English Creek, and conducted it successfully
for five years. He then sold it to Capt. David Lee and purchased of the late William I^Ioore
the stone hotel at Mays Landing, which he conducted successfully for seven years.

He moved to Atlantic City in 1876, purchasing the Champion House and livery stable
property of Charles H. Rogers, for $10,000, at the corner of Virginia and Atlantic avenues.
This business he conducted successfully for twenty years, till 1897, when he sold it to Mr.
George Allen for $40,000. It has since been converted into a handsome brick block con-
taining a fine millinery store and flats, also a large boarding house.

Mr. Champion is a member of the Red Men and Masons. He was a member of City
Council eleven years, and has been a director of the first building association, the first bank,
the first gas company and the Consumers Water Company since their organization. He
lacked but 50 votes of being elected State Senator in 1886. He was on the Citizens' Com-
mittee that purchased the first steam fire engine for this city, and advanced the cash, $3,000,
from his own pocket for the purchase, till Council later could reimburse him. He has
always been deservedly popular with his fellow citizens, and has achieved success by well
directed effort, prudence and industry. Two brothers. Enoch and Jacob, and one sister,
Airs. Jane Homan. live near the old homestead in Egg Harbor township.

458 DAILY UXIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

JOSI^ril S. CHAMTION.

Joseph S. Champion, the pioneer undertaker in this city, was born at Mays Landing.
He was the son of Samuel and AngeHne Champion. His father, who is still living, at the
ripe age of ninety years, was the first manufacturer of sash and doors in South Jersey, and
the only one till Disston mill was established in this city, in 1873. The father was also a
ship-joiner, and found plenty of work on many of the several hundred vessels that were
launched at Mays Landing during his prime. There were six children in the Champion
family.

The son followed the occupation of the fatlier. finishing his schooling at an early age in
the pay district school.

Li 1870 he began business as an undertaker, and by his courtesy and enterprise soon
had calls from all parts of the county. He soon saw the advantage of locating permanently
in the center of population and business, and opened an office in the Barstow Block in this
city, where he remained till he moved into his present large and complete establishment,
No. 27 North Pennsylvania avenue.

Here at his office and residence he has well stocked ware rooms, and the most complete
of modern facilities for meeting emergencies, pleasing tlie most fastidious and conducting his
business in the most approved manner.

At Pleasantville he has recently erected a large and elaborate brick and slate receiving
vault, and is conceded to be at the head of his profession in this part of the State.

He is a member of the A. O. U. W.. of the I. O. O. F., and the Royal Arcanum. He
has been successful in real estate transactions and stands high in social and financial circles.

STEPHEN COLWELL.

Stephen Colwell, best known in this section for his connection with the Weymouth
Iron Works, and as one of the original directors of the Camden & Atlantic Railroad, was
born in Brooke County, W. Va., March 25. 1800. He died at his home in Philadelphia,
January 15, 1871. He graduated at Jefferson College, in Pennsylvania, at the age of nine-
teen, studied law in Steubenville, Ohio, and was admitted to the bar at the age of twenty-one.
and practiced his profession seven years in St. Clairsville, Ohio, till he moved to Pittsburg,
in 1828.

Eight years later he came to Philadelphia, married Sarah Ball, daughter of the late
Satnuel Richards, and succeeded his father-in-law in the management of the iron works at
Weymouth. N. J., and at Conshohockin. Pa. He was a charter member of the Union
League, a working member of the American Iron and Steel Association, a director in sev-
eral railroads, a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania, and of Princeton Theological
Seminary, and actively identified with several charitable and religious organizations all his
life. He was a man whose ability and usefulness was widely recognized. He was the author
of many pamphlets on social science, political economy, finance, pauperism, organized
charities and productive industries. One son, Charles R. Colwell, of Weymouth, is the
only surviving member of the family.

FRANKLIN P. COOK.

Franklin P. Cook, of the Hotel Senate, was born in Philadelphia. December 3. 1851,
and was educated in the public schools of that city. His father, the late H. B. Cook, was ex-
tensively engaged in the building business. In the spring of 1872 contractor H. B. Cook
built the Senate House, an unpretentious boarding house of about fifty rooms on the north-
west corner of Pacific and Rhode Island avenues. In the fall of 1879 an addition was built

BlOG

459

to the house, and in 1891 it was raised and extensively enhirged and inii>roved, so successful
was the son in conducting the business wliich <ievolved upon liini through the death of his
father.

During the winter of 1S97 tlie liotel was moved to the ocean front on Ivhode Island
avenue, and again extensively improved, making it thoroughly up-to-date, one of the bright-
est and most desirable beach front hotels in Atlantic City.

In politics Mr. Cook is a Republican. He was elected a member of the City Council in
1882, and three times re-elected. He was a progressive and efficient oflicial, having nuich to
do with the building of an elevated boardwalk along the beach, and in tnaking the city more
satisfactory to visitors. He was appointed a member of the Board of Water Commissioners
in 1895, for which his business experience and tact as a hotel keeper amply qualified him.
He is one of the charter members of the Neptune Fire Company, and was one of the first
to advocate the use of horses in the fire department of this growing resort.

ENOCH CORDERY.

Enoch Cordery, of Absecon, was the oldest son of the seven children of the late .Absa-
lom Cordery, and was born November 11, 1816. where he always lived and where he died on
April 10, 1891. For several generations, the Cordery family have held an honorable place
in the history of Atlantic County. Absalom Cordery had three brothers living along the
shore, Parker, Edmund and Daniel, and their descendants are numerous.

Absalom Cordery was a blacksmith and wheelwright, and a man of acknowledged
worth. He represented his county in the State Senate two terms in the early forties, and
when he left home, his son Enoch was left in charge of the business and conducted it
creditably. The children of Absalom Cordery and Elizabeth Chamberlain were:

Enoch, William C, Daniel Edwards, Sarah, who married Thomas Clark; Annie E., who
married Job G. Babcock; Caddie, wife of James Ryon, and Maria, wife of John R. Steelman.

Enoch, b. November 11, 1816, m., first, Sarah, only daughter of Capt. Edmund Somers,
l)y whom he had one child, Sarah B.; m. second, Lucy Ann Evans, daughter of Hon. John
Willits. of West Creek, Ocean County. They were married November 5. 1846, and had five
children: E. Alonzo Cordery. of Fort Meade, Florida: ^Mrs. Reuben Babcock, of Absecon;

CL4RK CORDERY

460 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

Mrs. John R. Fleming, of Atlantic City; Mrs. William Dickey, of Pittsburg, and John Wil-
lits Cordery, of Absecon.

Judge Cordery was a man of strict integrity and more than ordinary intellectual attain-
ments. He was all his life a very industrious and exemplary citizen. He conducted at the
old homestead the business which his father left him. He was an active and consistent
member of the ]\I. E. Church. He was a charter member and one of the active workers of
the Aurora Lodge of Odd Fellows, the first to be instituted in this county. His influence
and worth was recognized by all who l<new him. Like his father, he represented his county
in the State Senate, serving from 1857 to 1859. It was a period of legislative corruption, but
the member from Atlantic preserved his reputation unsullied.

In 1877 Governor Bedle appointed him one of the Lay Judges of this county. He was
twice reappointed, serving five year terms and having one year to serve of his unexpired
term at the time of his death.

He was one of the first stockholders and directors of tlie Second National Bank, and
was the possessor of a considerable fortune.

RODMAN CORSON.

Rodman Corson, who comes from one of the old-time families of Cape May County,
was born near Beesley's Point, in what is now ^larmora, on June 15, 1866. For some years
he has made Atlantic City his home. His educational advantages were only those of the
ordinary country district school, after leaving which he spent eleven years teaching school
in the various counties of Southern New Jersey. By close application he won the degree
of A. j\I. in the American University. He studied law with Messrs. Godfrey & Godfrey of
this cit)', was admitted to practice in the June term of 1899.

He has for several years helped to collect the taxes of this city, and is well known to
many of our business people through his connection with one of the busiest law offices in
Atlantic County. He is a Director and Secretary of the Real Estate and Investment Com-
pany of Atlantic City, and enjoys the entire confidence of those with whom he comes in
contact.

In 1893 he married ^Miss Genevra Corson, of Philadelphia, and now resides on Georgia
avenue. He is a member of a number of fraternal societies and has passed all the chairs
in our local Castle of Knights of Golden Eagles.

\\'ALTER A. CORSON.

Dr. Walter A. Corson was born at Vine Valley, N. Y., December 9, 1872; moved, with
his parents, to Cape May County in 1876. and from there to Atlantic City in 1881. Was
graduated at the public schools of Atlantic City in 1890. The following year he spent at
school at Pennington Seminary. Began the study of medicine with Dr. G. W. Crosby the
following year, and was graduated from the Hahnemann JNIedical College of Philadelphia
in 1894. He then joined the medical stafT of the Metropolitan Hospital on Blackwell's
Island, New York, where he was soon promoted to assistant superintendent of the hospital.
He returned to Atlantic City after spending 18 months at the hospital, and began the prac-
tice of Medicine with Dr. G. W. Crosby, under the firm name of Drs. Crosby & Corson.

He was married on November 16, 1898, to Miss Amelia Sanders Adams, of Linwood,
N. J. His health becoming impaired, he decided to spend the winter of 1898 and 1899 in
Texas, expecting to return to Atlantic City again the following June. He is a member of
the Atlantic City Medical Club and now lives in Denver, Colorado.

EIOGR.\PHV.

LEWIS MITCHELL CRESSE.

When the shores of New Jersey were almost untrodden save by the foot of the Red
man, and tlie ascending smoke from the camp fires of the tribes of Lcnni-Lcnapes was
the only sign of its inhabitants to the passing mariners; when the sea was most bountiful
in spoils for the whaler, the name of Cresse appears prominently in a company of men
who. attracted by the wealth of these waters, came from Long Island and settled in its
southern section in 1692.

Wl:eii Cape May County came into existence the same year, by proprietary law. with
limits but vaguely defined, this name appears on the county records as a public ofllcial,
and down to the present time it has retained its honorable position.

In 1692, Arthur, patriarch of the Cresse family in this State, purchased 350 acres of
land from the West Jersey Society, and the same year he and John Townscnd became
jointly the first Collectors of the County, which position they held until 1700. when tlu-y
were succeeded by John Cresse and Jacob Spicer.

The early settlers raised cattle extensively. The herds roamed togetlier and each man's
property was distinguished by a brand on the ears. This law- was made by an Act of
Assembly at Burlington. February 7. 1692. The legal form of recording the "ear marks"
was the sketch of a cow's head with the peculiar mark of the owner on the ears accompa-
nied by a written description. The first "ear mark" in the archives of the Cape May CouiUy
courts WIS recorded by a Cresse on July 13. 1692.

-V deep religious sentiment has dominated the family and in church as well as State
they have been leaders. When the first Baptist services, in 1675, resulted in a permanent
organization with a church structure in 1712, at Cape May, the name of Arthur Cresse was
first on the list of its members, as was that of Xathan Cresse first on the list of members
of the first IMethodist Church in the County founded at Dennisville.

The early records of the first Presbyterian Church established in the county are lost
but tradition claims that the Cresse family was also largely interested in its organization.

The name of Lewis Cresse continues in almost unbroken succession down the ancestral
line, appearing officially as early as \-\j. ^\'hen the fiery spirit of patriotism burst forth
in a document of ?vlay 27, 1778, in which 87 Cape May countians renounced their allegi-
ance fo Kin.g George and swore to "bear true faith" to the government of New Jersey,
the names of Arthur, Lewis, Daniel, David and Zcbulon Cresse appeared on the list of
signers,

Lewis was a notorious wag and a verse maker. Daniel, a brother of Lewis and the
great-giandfather of our subject, was a large land owner, the proprietor of the Dias Creek
tavern, and a sea captain. His son Daniel tuarried Hannah Hand, and settled at Gravelly
Run, where he operated one of the largest farms in that region. Six children were born
to this couple: Philip, Rhoda. Ellen, Huldah, Daniel and Lewis. The only survivor of
the six children is the youngest, Lewis Cresse, Sr,, father of Lewis Mitchell Cresse, The
father was born at Gravelly Run in 1824. and was educated in the pay schools of the
county. When a young man he spent three years in California, attracted by the discovery
of gold. Upon his return he married Mary ,^nn HofTman. a teacher in the village school
of Gravelly Run. jMr. Cresse first engaged in the milling business at that place, but
later purchased a farm of 100 acres at Townsend Inlet ("now Swainton") where he has since
resided. Four children have been born to him: Huldah. wife of Coleman F. Learning.
Jr.: Mary HofTman. wife of W. Scott Hand: Lewis Mitchell and Gecrge HolTman. prin-
cipal of the public schools of Dennisville.

Lewis ^Mitchell Cresse was born at Townsend Inlet. September 12, 1867. He acquired
his education in the public schools of his native villa,ge, graduating at the High School
of Cape May Court House, in 1886: the Quaker School of Woodstown, and the National
College of Comiuerce, Philadelphia, graduating from the latter institution in 18S7. Sub-

462 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

sequciitly he engaged in teaching bookkeeping and accounting in that College. He after-
wards became principal of the public schools of Almonesson, Gloucester County, but
abandoned the work of an educator to become identified with the financial interest of
Cape May County; first as Cashier of the People's Bank of Sea Isle City, where he re-
mained nearly three years, when he accepted 'a position with the Union National Bank
of Atk'.ntic City. Three years later, in 1896, Mr. Cresse became the executive head of
the Ocean City office of the Central Trust Company of Camden. This Bank was opened
for business May 13, 1896. A general banking business is conducted and success
has attended the enterprise from the beginning, a fact which is largely attributable to the
eflorts and management of Mr. Cresse. In his work he is assisted by W. Scott Hand,
who occupies the position of teller, and B. C. Marshall, who is bookkeeper.

Mr. Cresse is also extensively interested in the business of paper manufacturing at
Pleasant Hills, N. J. The office of The Pleasant Mills Paper Co., of which he is Presi-
dent, is at No. 608 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, and to the management of this important
enterprise he has devoted much attention.

He is now serving as a member of the Board of Education for the second term and
is President of the Board of Trade of Ocean City.

On the I2th of September, 1896, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Cresse and
Cecilia, daughter of Alexander and Marion Hislop, of Troy, N. Y. They occupy an
enviable position in social circles and enjoy the highest esteem of many friends. Mr.
Cresse is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and is popular in fraternal
as well as social and business circles. His success in all he has undertaken has been
markc('.

LYDIA HERTS CROMWELL.

Dr. Lydia Herts Cromwell was born in Bedford, Pennsylvania, July 28, 1874. She
graduated from the Bedford High School with high honors. May 5, 1893, and immediately
determined upon the study and practice of medicine, notwithstanding the objections and
earnest opposition of her family. Her determined purpose prevailed and she began the
study of medicine with Dr. Amos A. Taylor as her preceptor. In October, 1893, she en-
tered the Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, and was graduated
as Medical Doctor in the regular course, Jilarch 26, 1896.

Immediately upon graduating Dr. Cromwell was engaged as assistant physician with
Dr. Nelson A. Pennoyer at the Pennoyer Sanatorium, Kenosha, Wisconsin. At this insti-
tution, in addition to the Sanatorium practice, Drs. Pennoyer and Cromwell had the care
of an active practice in the town of Kenosha.

At the beginning of the spring season of 1897, Dr. Cromwell accepted the position as
Resident Physician at Galen Hall Sanatorium. Atlantic City, where she has since remained
in the practice of her chosen profession.

GEORGE W. CROSBY.

Dr. George W. Crosby w'as born at Middletown, N. Y., September i, 1851. Was edu-
cated at the Delaware Literary Institute at Franklin, N. Y., and at Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Began the study of medicine with his brother. Dr. O. H. Crosby, in the spring of 187S, and.
graduated from the New York Homoeopathic College February 28, 1878. Located at
Walton, N. Y., the following April. Was the first to introduce homoeopathy in that city.

BIOGRAPHY. 46:t

and soon built up a large practice. By the urgent request oi liis brother, he niovetl to
Atlantic City in the spring of 1S83. and began work in his new field of labor with Dr. (.). 11.
Crosby, under the firm name of Drs. O. H. & G. \V. Crosby, which was continued up to
the time of his brother's death.

Was married February 16, 1892, to Jiliss AI. A. Rathburn, of Franklin. N. Y. Joined
the American Institute of Homoeopathy in 1885, and shortly thereafter became a member
of the New Jersey State Homoeopathic Medical Society, also the West Jersey Homoeopathic
Medical Society, and last, but not least, the Atlantic City Homoeopathic Medical Club.

CROSBY.

Doctor O. H. Crosby was born at Middletown, New York. September _'5, 1849- He
was educated at Del. Lit. Inst., Franklin, N. Y., and in 1869 began the study of medicine at
Rochester, N. Y., afterward coming to Camden, N. J., with Dr. H. H. Cater. He graduated
at the New York Homeo. Med. College in March, 1874, and immediately thereafter located
at Atlantic City, where he began the practice of his profession, being the first and for some
time the only homoeopathic physician in the city. Here he soon built up a large practice
and gained many friends. He was married in the autumn of 1874, to Miss Hattie Shepard.
of Franklin, N. Y., who died September, 1882.

Dr. Crosby was for some years Superintendent of Public Schools in Atlantic City, in
whose welfare and development he was much interested. He took an active interest in
several organizations in which he was identified, and was for many years a member of the
American Institute of Homoeopathy. He died of Bright's disease, at Franklin, N. Y..
January 6. 18S5.

GEORGE F. CURRIE.

George F. Currie was born March 11, 1835, in Dubs. France, and received a common
school education at that place. In 1851 he came to the United States, locating temporarily
at New York, and later at Philadelphia: he then resided in Delaware for a time, and during
the panic of 1857, located at Millville, N. J., where he opened a stove and hardware store.
At the end of five years he sold this businessand came to Absecon and engaged in the same
business. At the outbreak of the War of the Rebellion he answered to his country's call
and enlisted in the Federal Army, serving until honorably discharged, in 1865. Realizing the
business possibilities of Atlantic City, Mr. Currie built, in 1868, at 1216-18 Atlantic avenue,
and there engaged in the stove and hardware business. In 1881 a meeting was held in Mr.
Currie's store to organize a bank, resulting in the organization of the Atlantic City National
Bank. The business progress of the city after a few years warranted another bank, and in
December, 1886, the Second National Bank was organized. This institution was largely
the result of Mr. Currie's efforts, in recognition of which he was elected its first president,
and has been re-elected to that office at each succeeding election, and at present holds that
position. Later the Trust Company connected with the bank was started, and in 1894 he
was made president of that institution.

In politics Mr. Currie is a Republican. He has been a member of Council several
times, and was a member of the Board of Chosen Freeholders for seventeen years.

Mr. Currie w^as married to Miss Mathilda D. Haley, of Haleyville. Cumberland County,
in 1859. Mr. Currie has four children, two boys and two girls.

He is also prominent in Masonic circles, and helped to organize the first lodge at
Absecon, and was its first Junior Warden. He is also a member of American Star Lodge.
No. 148. I. O. O. F.. and was its first Noble Grand.

464 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

WILLIAM EDGAR DARNALL. A. B. M. D.

Born in Pcarisburg, Virginia, William Edgar Darnall, A. B., M. D., obtained an
academic education in the city of Durham, North Carolina, where he remained until 1888,
during which year he entered the Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Virginia. In
1892 he graduated from this institution, having filled the position of private secretary to
General Lee, president of the University, for two years prior to this auspicious event. The
degree of M. D. was conferred upon him by the University of Virginia, in 1895, and after a
year's practice in his native State, he came to Atlantic City.

Since locating here. Dr. Darnall has been honored by appointments as physician to
the Atlantic Cit> Hospital, physician to St. Michael's Baby Hospital, and is also Fellow
of the American Academy of Medicine, member of the Medical Society of New Jersey,
secretary and treasurer to the Atlantic County Medical Society, vice-president of the At-
lantic City Academy of Medicine, e.x-section chief of the Phi Gamma Delta Greek Letter
F'raternity and president of Fortnightly Club of Atlantic City.

Dr. Darnall, who is the son of Henry Thomas and Margaret Pogue Johnston Darnall.
is a descendent of an influential family of Virginia.

HANNAH SOMERS DAVIS.

Mrs. Hannah Somers Davis, as she preferred to be known, was born at Somers Point,
New Jersey, October i, 1795.

Her great-grandfather, John Somers, came to America from Worcester, England (his
place of birth), in 1681 or 1682, when about twenty years of age, and settled in Pennsyl-
vania, at what is now called Somerton, Pa., but which was then called Upper Dublin. After
living there a few years he came to South Jersey, and in 1695 bought of Thomas Budd a tract
of 3,000 acres for the sum of 240 pounds sterling.

Because of this the place received the name of Somers Point, and here some of his de-
scendants live to this day.

James Somers, son of John Somers. grandson of Richard Somers, and great-grandson
of the original John Somers, when a young man, very likely about the time of his marriage,
built a house about one mile west of Somers Point, on what is at present called Hickory
Point, being a part of the original tract purchased by John Somers. The timbers and
boards for this house, which was destroyed by fire February 7, 1900. and which
had been for many years an object of interest, were sawed from the trees of the forest by
the young builder himself.

The house, when completed, was occupied by him and his wife, and here the subject of
this sketch was born.

Hannah was the third of a family of si-x children born to John Somers and Lettice
Finley. After the death of his first wife, her father married Aner Blackman, by whom he
had four children, and after her death he was married a third time, this time to Martha
Wiley, by whom he had one child, Harriet, widow of Simon Lake, who is now living at
Ocean City, at the age of seventy-five years.

Living, as she did, more than thirty years past the allotted three-score years and ten,
and doubtless reaching a greater age than any other member of the Somers family, it seems
as if this long life is at least partly due to the natural longevity of the family to which Mrs.
Davis belonged.

Her great-great-grandfather died at the age of eighty-three. Her great-grandfather
lived sixty-eight years. Her grandfather died in his seventy-third year, and her father in
liis ninetieth, while the ages of her nine brothers and sisters who have died average nearly
eighty years. When Miss Somers was only eight years of age she was taken by an aunt
<ind uncle to Salem, Ohio, which was then in the far west. She remained there until 1813,

HIOCRAI

4ii;

wlu-n she miirned cast and took up her residence in Philadelpliia. where, in iSibi, slie joined
the Methodist Episcopal Church, ahhough lier earlier triiiniuK had been that of a Friend,
both of her grandmothers having been Quaker preachers, connected with the Meeting
Houses, which stood opposite the present Dolphin House, at Soniers Point, and near where
the Central Church now^ stands at Linwood,

On September 26, 1834, she was married to Elijah Davis, a merchant of Philadelpliia,
by the Rev. Thos. M. Carroll, a minister of the M. E. Church.

j\lr. Davis was very successful in business and accumulated a fortune of moderate size
before he retired to private life. He died in iSj.^, a few years after his retirement, leaving
the most of this estate to his widow.

Having joined the Alethodist Episcopal Church. Mrs. Davis took an active interest in
its affairs and gave liberally toward its support. In 1878 she furnished the means for a
chinch to be erected at Clarks. Nebraska, to be known as the Somers Chapel, and became
so much interested in the undertaking that in 1884. when eighty-nine years of age. she went
to Nebraska for the purpose of visiting it.

While there she gave evidence of her vigorous constitution and indomitaljle will. l>y
taking a ride on horseback.

The last quarter century or more of Mrs. Davis' life was passed very quietly in her
home at No. 448 North Fourth street. Philadelphia, where for twenty years she had the
companionship of her faithful and loving niece. Miss Hannah Spain, who cared for her
every want.

Although confined to her house of recent years, because of rheumatism, her mind was
clear and active to the last.

The last time the writer had the pleasure of seeing her was just before tlie Spanisli-
.■\nierican War. at which time she w as found sitting by the window' reading the daily paper.

She took an active interest in the topics of the day, and was well informed on the events
preceding the war. Having seen and distinctly remembering the war with England in i8i_>.
the war with j\Ie.\ico in 1848, and then the awful conflict between the North and South in
1861-65, she expressed an earnest wish that we might not again be compelled to take up
arms, but said if it became necessary, our President, Wm. JsIcKinley, would guide this
country safely through it. as Abraham Lincoln had done through the Civil War.

On the occasion of the visit referred to. she showed me with a great deal of pride her
certificate of membership in General Lafayette Chapter. Daughters of the Revolution of
Atlantic City, together with the gold spoon which had been given to her as an original
Daughter of the Revolution, her father having served during that war.

On October I, 1895, Airs. Davis celebrated her one hundredth birthday at her Iirmie in
a very quiet manner, surrounded by a few of her nearest relatives and dearest friend-.

After this three more birthdays were passed, and the fourth almost reached beinre deatli
overtook her, on August 22, 1899.

On August 25th, she was buried at Woodland Cemetery. Pliiladelphia. the funeral ser-
vices being conducted by the Rev. John Wood, pastor of St. George's M. K. Clnircli.
Philadelphia.

Truly do the Proverbs of Solomon say: -Forget not my law for length of days and
long life and peace shall they add to tliee."

HARRY H. DEAKVXE.

Harry H. Deakyne. tlie well-known druggist, was born in New Castle County. Dela-
ware. August 20. 1858. After graduating from the public schools he took a course in the
Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. He ne.xt spent five years in the drug store of J. W.
Denney, of Smyrna. Delaware. In 1883 he graduated from the store of Henry C. Blair's
Sons, in Philadelphia, and came to this city in March of that year. He continued in the
30

460 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

employ of the late T. M. Galbreath for six years, till his death, in 1889, when as manager,
he continued the business for the estate six years longer.

On January i, 1895, he opened the handsome brick store where he now successfully
presides.

He is a Past Master of Trinity Lodge, a Chapter member, and one of the Board of
Governors of the new City Hospital.

iNIICHAEL A. DIVINE.
Michael A. Divine, our well-known and popular Postmaster, was born in Philadelphia.
His parents moved to this city when he was a child. He received his education in the
public schools and filled various clerical positions with credit and success. For eight years,
up to 1891, he was in the employ of the West Jersey Railroad Company, first in the express
oftice and at the consolidation of the West Jersey with the Camden & Atlantic Companies
he remained with them as chief clerk in the passenger, freight and express departments.
In 1S91 he was elected Tax Collector and re-elected the following year. In 1894 he organ-
ized the real estate insurance and law firm of Divine & Wootton, in which he takes an
active interest. In July, 1896, he was appointed Postmaster by President Cleveland, and
the appointment was confirmed by the United States Senate in February, 1897. He is largely
interested in the development of real estate. As Postmaster he has persistently and suc-
cessfully directed his efforts to the improvement of the service. Few people appreciate the
vast amount of transient mail that is received and handled at a resort like this, and the
fluctuating quantity and the difficulties in its dispatch and distribution. The new post office
building, stamping machines and enlarged carrier service and improved facilities have re-
sulted from his intelligent direction. He occupies a handsome home in Chelsea, and is one
of our most enterprising and public spirited citizens.

THOMAS JEFFERSON DICKERSON.
Thomas Jefferson Dickerson, the well-known merchant, was born in Philadelphia, De-
cember 6, 1849. After receiving a public school education he apprenticed himself to the
trade of a hatter, serving four years. He was only twenty-two years of age when he en-
gaged in business for himself as a manufacturer. Later he resumed work as a journeyman,
and continued as such several years. In 1883 he came to Atlantic City, making this his
residence. Four years later he leased of Mr. George Allen, the store at 1334 Atlantic
avenue, then about one-third its present size, and stocked it with a high grade of gents' fur-
nishing goods, hats, caps, etc., and catered to the best class of trade from residents and
visitors. So great was his success that he leased two adjoining stores and expended several
thousand dollars in up-to-date improvements and met the demand at all seasons for the
most stylish and expensive line of goods.

In 1894 he decided to take into the firm as a partner, Mr. Leonard Algar, who had been
with him as a faithful and trusted clerk since his store first opened in this city. The firm
has since been known as Thomas J. Dickerson & Co.

Mr. Dickerson was one of the prime movers in the organization of the Union National
Bank, and was one of its first Board of Directors, having been re-elected each year since.

He was also one of the Directors of the Real Estate and Investment Company. He is
prominent socially and fraternally. He is a Past Master of Trinity Lodge, F. and A. M.,
and a member of other societies. His business methods are such as to attract patronage and
retain it. His fellow citizens appreciate his public spirited enterprise and progressive ideas.
On April 24, 18/ 2. he married Hannah E. Rodearmel, of Philadelphia, and has two children
living, Mary Elizabeth and Emma Rowe. He has a fine home on Virginia avenue.

HAMILTON AND iMAKV DISSTU.X.

The name of Henry Disston, the well-known saw nianufaclurcr of I'hiladclphia, will
long be remembered in Atlantic City. He had achieved great success as an inventor and
manufacturer before he became interested in this resort, in 1871, when with his usual energy
and enterprise he established here the first lumber mill, built cottages and demonstrated his
faith in the bright future of the place. Henry Disston was of English birth. He came to
this country in 1S33, at the age of fourteen years, and found employment at Second and
Arch streets, making saws by crude, hand methods before steel was manufactured in the
United States. The story of the fifty busy years of his life in developing a large and suc-
cessful industry which for years has given employment to a whole town is the history of
saw making in America.

In 1846 he moved from Sccntid and .\rcli l<j a hu\mr place, wliii-l] was destroyed by
fire in 1849. Larger and better shops were built to niccl the deniands for the best goods
on the market. Again in 1864 the plant burned down, when a large tract of land was secured
at Tacony. eight miles from the City Hall, on the banks of the Delaware, and a town laid
out on an extensive scale and an industry established, which has since become an important
section of Philadelphia, and a credit throughout the world to the United States. Many
thoughtful provisions were made for the w'elfare and prosperity of the cm])l(iyee> of tlu-
firm, peculiar to the generous spirit of the founder.

The annual sales of the output of the works at this time reached half a million dollars.

It was in 1871 that Mrs. Disston authorized a friend and relative. Miss S. E. Turner
of this city, to buy a lot and build a nice cottage for her here, not letting Mr. Disston into
the secret till the cottage was finished and furnished and ready to occupy.

Mrs. Disston came down on a morning train one Saturday so as to have dinner read\
for Mr. Disston, who followed in the afternoon. There was a pleasant surprise i)arty that
evening in their new home at the seashore, which neither had seen till that day. This waN
early in 1872, and the cottage stood on Atlantic, just above Indiana avenue.

So delighted was Mr. Disston with Atlantic City that he bought other lands adjoining,
and considerably more at Arctic and Illinois avenues, and at Pacific and Indiana avenues.
He built the Keystone bakery for his old friend Conway, and started a coal and brick yard
to accommodate the people. The following year he built the first steam lumber mill on
the island, giving employment to quite a number of mechanics. The mill was burned down
in 1875, and in its place the present brick structure of the .\tlantie Lumber Cimipany was
erected, one of the first brick buildings in this city.

Air. Disston died in March, 1878, but the interests of the estate were continued in this
city for years by Mrs. Disston, who erected a handsome villa on Indiana avenue near the
beach, and the sons till within a few years have owned interests in the lumber company.

Mrs. Disston was a native of Atlantic County. She was born at Port Republic. .April 3.
1821. Her parents were Jonas and Ann Steelman. He was a wheelwright by trade. Her
mother was a Mecully, whose grandfather performed the then remarkable feat of recasting
the old Liberty Bell, when it "lost its voice" by having a crack in its side. Mrs. Disston's
grandfather was Major John Steelman, in the Army of the Revolution.

There were five children in the Steelman family: Julia Ann. Beulah. John, Mary and
Jacob. Mary became the second wife of Henry Disston in Philadelphia. November g. 184J,
and becan'e the mother of nine children: Hamilton. Amanda, .\lbert. Frank, Mary. Horace.
William, Jacob and a little girl who died in infancy.

Mrs. Disston was a devoted wife and mother. generc>u> in aidini: the needy and noted
for her many charities. The site for every church in Tacony, Catholic, l'resbyteri:in. Meth-
odist and all, was donated by Mr. and Mrs. Disston.

Th.e Disston Memorial Presbyterian Church was built and furnished complete as a
memorial to Miss Mary Disston, who died in the prime of young womanhood.

Disston Hall of Beacon Presbyterian Church, at Kensington, was built as a memorial to

468 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

lier son Alljcrt. Tlie Mission Chapel at Eiglith street and Montgomery avenue, a house
for a liospital fur the Northern Home for Friendless cliildren; $5,000 for the hospital for
incurables of the University of Pennsylvania; $5,000 for the Hygienic Fund; beds in various
hospitals and homes outright to worthy and needy families were some of her gifts and
benefactions.

Mrs. Disston died June 15, 1895. aged 74 years. Her memory will long be cherished
by thousands who shared her bounty or appreciated her generous, useful life.

LORENZO A. DOWNS.
Lorenzo A. Downs was born at Downsville, Gloucester County, October 9, 1839, his
father being Jesse Downs, who was a native of the same place. Like thousands of other
good American boys, he attended the public schools and secured an education that equipped
him to enter into the competition of life. At the age of twenty-five, he engaged in the
lumber business in his native town, and for ten years attended strictly to his duties. While
thus employed he was elected Clerk of Buena Vista township for two years, and at the ex-
piration of that time he was elected as Collector of Taxes. In November, 1875, he was
elected Clerk of Atlantic County by a majority of seven hundred and forty votes, and re-
ceived all the votes in the township where he resided but three, for a term of five years.
He was re-elected for the same period, being the first gentleman to be so honored at the
hands of the voters in this county. Afterward he was made Deputy County Clerk by his
successor, Lewis Evans, serving one year, and we next find him in the Second National
Bank of Atlantic City, where he first acted in the capacity of bookkeeper. When the
Atlantic City Safe Deposit and Trust Company organized he was at once chosen secretary
and treasurer. May i, 1890, he was appointed cashier of the banking institution with
which he had become identified. He still holds these two positions, enjoying the confidence
of his associates, as well as the public at large. During 1890 he was elected cashier, secre-
tary and treasurer of the Electric Light Company, but later resigned owing to his increas-
ing business cares. He belongs to the Masonic Fraternity, being a member of Vineland
Lodge, No. 6g. He is a Republican in politics, and a trustee of the Central M. E. Church.

ALLEN BROWN ENDICOTT.

Hon. Allen Brown Endicott, President Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Atlantic
County, was born at Mays Landing. March 7. 1857. He finished his academic education,
graduating at Peddie Institute. Hightstown, N. J., in June, 1876. He read law with Hon.
Peter L. Voorhees, of Camden, and graduated in the law department of the University of
Pennsylvania in 1879, with the degree of LL.B. He was admitted to the New Jersey bar
in 1880, and as a counsellor in 1884. He served as Collector of Atlantic County for sixteen
years, from May, 1883, till he was appointed Judge. As a public speaker and an advocate
before the bar he has few equals. He was appointed by the court to defend Robert Elder,
who was indicted for the shooting of his father, and as counsel for John Rech, who was
convicted of strangling Bessie Weaver. In both cases he acquitted himself with distinction.

Judge Endicott for eleven years was City Solicitor for this city, succeeding the late
Harry L. Slape. who died June 4, 1887. He carried through successfully the condemnation
proceedings to purchase the two water plants, also the suit of the city to tax the trolley car
plant which for years had been exempt from any but State tax. Eminent counsel were
arrayed against him.

CPL^RLES GILL ENDICOTT.
Charles Gill Endicott was born in Mays Landing, New Jersey, October 12, 18,38. His
early education was obtained in the Parochial School at tliat place, under the care of the

lUoCRAIMIV. m

Presbyterian Churcli. and aher\varcl> at the West Jersey Acaiieniy of Hri.lK'et.m. He tu,.k
every first prize that was offered at these institutions during liis connection with them.
After his graduation from the West Jersey Academy, he taught school until 1857, when he
became a tutor in the English branches at the WoodhuU Academy, Freehold, New Jersey.
In 1859 he accepted the position of bookkeeper for John Wheaton, of New York, and in
1S65 he became a partner with him in the wholesale grocery and butter business.

In 1871 he formed a partnership with Henry A. Crawford, at Jersey City, and engaged
in the grocery, and ship chandlery business. In 1874 he bought the interest of Mr. Crawford
and continued that business in his individual capacity until five or six years ago, when he
and his bookkeeper, George E. Hammond, formed a partnership, and thereafter the busi-
ness was conducted in the name of Endicott & Co. A few years ago they change<l their
place of business to the corner of West and Cedar streets, in New York City, where they
have done a constantly increasing business.

Mr. Endicott was married to Mary Mclntyre. of New York City, on .April 15, 1S74.
For several years past he has resided at Westfield. Union County. New Jersey.

Mr. Endicott has also been prominent in church work, having acted as Trustee and
Elder of the First Reform Church of Jersey City, and also has held the same position in
the First Presbyterian Church at Westfield.

During the six years he was a member of the Township Committee lie secured lor th.it
town the best macadam roads that can be found in the State. He was instrumental in
having sewerage introduced in the town of W'estfield. as well as electric lights and tele-
phone. He has been Vice-President and a Director of the First National Bank of West-
field since its organization. He is also President of the Building and Loan Association, a
member of the Board of Trade. Executor of many large estates, and owns and controls a
larger number of vessels than any one man in the States of New York or New Jersey.

GEORGE WOODHULL ENDICOTT.

George Woodhull Endicott. M. D.. son of Capt. Thomas Dou-lity and Ann (IVnniiiL;-
ton) Endicott. was born at Mays Landing, Atlantic County. New Jersey, .\pril 10. 185,1. and
is a direct descendant of Governor John Endicott. who came to this country from England
in 1628. as the first Colonial Governor of the Massachusetts Colony.

On his mother's .side he belongs to the famous Pennington family of New Jersey, two
of their number having served as Governors of the State: William Pennington served as
Governor from 1837 to 184,3. and William S. Pennington from i8i,s to 1815.

Dr. Endicott's early education was obtained in the Presbyterian School at Mays Land-
ing. In 1871 he entered the Brainerd Institute at Cranbury. N. J., but only remained there
six months, and then eirtered Peddie Institute at Hightstown. N. J., where his opportunities
to prepare himself for the study of medicine were much greater. He graduated from Peddie
Institute in 1873. The following September he entered the Jefferson Medical College, and
was the youngest member of his class that numbered one hundred and seventy-one. In
1875, upon his graduation, he was appointed House Physician to the St. Mary's Hospital.
Philadelphia, where he enjoyed the rare privilege of assisting such surgeons as Gross.
Pancoast and Keen. After serving his term in the hospital he entered the drug store of
Dr. Jos. Hornblower. of Hudson City. N. J., to acquire practical knowledge of drugs.
While there he studied pharmacy, and in 1878 he passed the examination of the New Jersey
State Board of Pharmacy. Dr. Endicott first began the practice of medicine in Duncllen.
New Jersey. He moved to Plainfield in 1880. There his ability was promptly recognized
and he soon established a lucrative practice and became the leading physician and surgeon
of the city.

Dr. Endicott was appointed Surgeon to Muhlainberg Hospital at its opening, in 1880.
and he has held that position ever since. He is Senior Surgeon, also .Medical Director of

470 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

tlic same institution. The Doctor has been especially successful in surgery, having per-
formed all the so-called difficult operations with an extraordinary low death rate. He was
the first surgeon to perform successfully ovariotomy in Plainfield, and he is acknowledged
by his associates to be one of the ablest in the State.

Dr. Endicott was a member of the Plainfield Board of Health for ten successive years,
and inaugurated many improvements in the sanitary condition of the city. It was during
his time of service that water and sewerage were introduced, and largely through his efforts.

Dr. Endicott owns and resides in one of the many handsome houses in Plainfield. He
is a member of the American Medical Association, the New Jersey State Medical Asso-
ciation, the Union County IMedical Association, and the Plainfield Medical Association.

The Doctor was married in 1879, and has one son, George Woodhull Endicott, Jr.

CHARLES EVANS.

Xo history of Atlantic City would be complete without a sketch of its best-known
citizen, Mr. Charles Evans, proprietor of the well-known Sea Side House. For more than
thirty years he has been welcoming strangers to this island, entertaining them hospitably
and taking an active interest in promoting local institutions and the welfare of the whole
town.

Mr. Evans was born in Delaware County, Pa., August 21, 1838. His father was a
well-known farmer and member of the society of Friends. His early education was at the
public schools and at the Westtown Friends Academy of Pennsylvania. He continued upon
his father's farm until his twenty-seventh year. Evincing at an early age, much ability as
a manager, and being naturally of an ambitious nature, the year of 1867 found him located
at Atlantic City, the proprietor of a hotel kept for many years by a Quaker family named
Scattergood, as a summer house. It was at this time that Mr. Evans demonstrated very
clearly his business foresight and showed he had the courage and stamina to invest his
money where many believed it would never bring any return. At this time Pennsylvania
avenue, where his magnificent hostlery is now located, was considered too far up town.
Mr. Evans believed that in the course of a very few years this would be the most desirable
part of the city. In this belief he was entirely correct. Accordingly he moved his hotel
eight hundred feet nearer the beach and proceeded to lay out in lots the ocean end of this
avenue, which he sold at highly satisfactory prices, and with such restrictions that only the
better style of dwellings could be erected. This has resulted in making Pennsylvania avenue
the most select and desirable avenue in Atlantic City.

In 1875 Mr. Evans took charge of a hotel in Florida for four winters, which he aban-
doned in 1880, and thereafter kept the Sea Side House open all winter, making it an all-
the-year house.

Largely through Mr. Evans' efforts, in 1881, the Atlantic City National Bank was
started and he was made its first President, and at each succeeding election has been re-
elected to that position. That the selection of Mr. Evans by the directors was a wise one, is
attested by the present prosperous condition of the bank. It now ranks first in New
Jersey and twenty-fourth in the United States.

In politics he is a staunch Republican, and stands high in the councils of his party. Mr.
Evans has an aversion to holding public office. Though the highest office in the gift of his
party, in this locality, could have been secured by him, he has only consented to accept the
office of Councilman for several years, believing he could serve the interests of the city of
his adoption in that way.

Mr. Evans has contributed thousands of dollars in various ways to advance the city's
interests, entertaining visiting delegations and aiding local institutions. He was one of the
most liberal contributors to a city hospital fund and the most active member of the Board
of Governors.

His home is in one of the most beautiful cottages in the city, on Pennsylvania avenue,
adjoining his hotel.

LEWIS K\-AXS.

State Senator Lewis Evans was born at Estellvillc. in Weymouth township, in 1S42.
His father, Samuel Evans, was a Quaker, and liis mother. Emetine Estcl!. was one of a
well-known family of that name. Both are now deceased. He left home at the age of tifteen
years and soon found employment in Camden as a messenger boy, before the cable had
been laid across the Delaware. He learned telegraphy and became an operator for several
seasons, which secured his appointment as station agent at Atco for the Camden & .Xllantic
Railway. Later he was given charge of a larger otiicc at Hanimonton, till in 186.1. when
he was placed in charge of the station in this city. He continued in that position twenly-
two years, till 1885, when he was elected County Clerk, holding the latter office two terms,
or ten years. He served four years as City Clerk. 1868, i86g, 1870 and 1873, and was for nine
years a member of the Board of Education. He helped to organize the first building and
loan association, and has since continued to serve as one uf the directors. He is also a
director of the Second National Bank.

Mr. Evans is one of the charter members of the Xejitune Fire Company, and has been
president of the company since its or.ganization, fifteen years ago. Mr. Evans is a past
master of Trinity Lodge, F. and A. ^L, and was for many years its secretary. He is a past
grand of American Star Lodge of Odd Fellows, and one of the governors of the City
Hospital and treasurer of the Board. He is a Republican in politics, and wii- elected State
Senator in November. 180S. by 1. 113 majority.

WILLLAM E. FARRELL.

William E. Farrell was born in St. Louis. Mo.. ^Ltrch 9. 1838. He was the son of John
W. and Mary McKenny Farrell. The father was engaged in the wholesale dry goods
business at that time. The first employment of the boy was in a country- store at Smyrna.
Delaware. From there he went to New York City and worked at first in some humble
capacity for the wholesale dry goods house of Joseph Fisher & Company. He had risen
to be a salesman for this firm when he left them, in 1866, and went to Philadelphia, where
he became interested in the manufacture of paper at Pleasant Mills, N. J., then known
from the name of the stream on which it w'as located as the Nescochague Paper Mills.
This mill was first built in 1861. and operated successfully till it burned down, in 1878.

The Pleasant ^lills Paper Company was incorporated the following year, with Mr. Farrell
as President, and Herman Hoopes as Secretary. The new and larger mill started in Feb-
ruary, 1881, and has been in successful operation ever since. Mr. Hoopes, a little later, sold
his interests to Mr. Farrell. who had at that time become a member of the firm of Bargh.
Farrell & Warren, paper dealers in Philadelphia. This firm later became the Nescochague
Manufacturing Co. In 1887 Mr. Farrell retired from this firm, becoming the sole owner of
the Pleasant Mills, wdiich he enlarged and made more remunerative. In 1892 he married
a most estimable lady, Miss Cecilia G. Hislop, of Troy, N. Y.

The business owned and controlled by him up to the time of his death, March 9, 1893,
passed by will to his wife, the present owner, Mrs. L. M. Cresse, of Ocean City. N. J.

The remains of Mr. Farrell lie in a beautiful grove near the famous old church, at
Pleasant Mills, amid the scenes that he loved and where he passed the best years of his
life. A handsome monument marks the spot and his memory will long be cherished by
those who knew his worth. He was a man of extensive reading and independent thought,
generous to a fault, careful and exact in business. The paper mills which he estab/ished is
one of the few successful industries in Atlantic County at the present tinie.

472 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

REV. CALEB K. FLEMING.

Rev. Caleb K. Fleming, late of this city and county, father of John R. Fleming, M. D.,
was born near Bridgeport, N. J., August 30, 1824. He was the son of John and Abigail
Fleming and of Quaker descent. He was a farmer's son, and his school days were limited,
having only one winter at the Seminary. He was converted at a Methodist altar, baptized
by Rev. J. K. Shaw and united with the church at Paulsboro, where his parents then lived,
January 31, 1840. While a student at Pennington he was licensed as an exhorter by Rev.
Joseph Atwood, and as a local preacher by the Swedesboro Circuit. He was received on
trial in the New Jersey Conference at Salem, April 21, 1847, and was ordained by Bishop
Janes in 1849. He married Emma H. Stanger, of Glassboro. April 30, of the same year.
During the fifty years of his ministry he served the following charges: Glassboro; Kings-
wood; Moorestown; Medford; Broadway, Camden; Pemberton, Burlington. Sharpstown;
Broadway, Salem; Millville, Bordentown; Tabernacle, Camden; Bridgeton, New Bruns-
wick; Port Republic; Ocean City; Mays Landing; St. Paul's, Atlantic City; and Pleasant-
ville. He was a much loved and successful minister. Many souls were saved and churches
built up by his efforts. He never spoke from notes, and his sermons were of the plain,
sympathetic. Gospel order. He filled some of the best appointments in the State, and was a
devoted husband, father and friend.

For his second wife he married Ann C. Collins, of Port Republic. April 28, 1892. and
became a supernumerary in 1895. He died suddenly of heart failure while attending the
Pitman Grove Camp Meeting, August 3, 1896.

Two children. Mrs. E. A. Smith, of Collingswond. N. J., and Dr. John R. Fleming of
this citv survive him.

JOHN R. FLEMING.
John R. Fleming, M. D., son of the late Rev. C. K. Fleming, well and favorably known
in this county, was born in Camden, December 29, 1859. His early education came through
the public schools. Later he attended South Jersey Institute, at Bridgeton, and at Pen-
nington Seminary. He then studied medicine with Kno.x Stewart, M. D., of Philadelphia,
graduating from Hahnemann Medical College in 1882. His first field of labor was on the
main land at Absecon, where he introduced the practice of homoeopathy, having three well-
known opponents, then in active practice. The doctor, after five years of general practice,
left behind no mean following of homoeopaths for his successor. He then moved to
Atlantic City and established himself in his present location. His close associations with
Atlantic City made him no stranger. He is the only President that the Homoeopathic
Club has had in its three years existence. He is a member of most homoeopatliic societies
and enjoys professional work. In 1899 he was elected a member of City Council.

JOSEPH FRALINGER.

Joseph Fralinger, the well-known manager and proprietor of the Academy of Music,
was born at Batsto, N. J.. October 22, 1848. His father was a glassblower. and the son
knew no other kind of work till he was sixteen years of age. When he was eight years of
age his father died and his care devolved upon an uncle. There would have been a hand-
some fortune for the boy from the father's estate, but owing to the failure and death of
Judge Joseph Porter, of Waterford, one of the promoters and builders of the C. & A. Ry.,
there was nothing left for Joseph Fralinger. He worked at his trade as a glassblower at
Winslow, Waterford and Philadelphia for sixteen years, when he became disgusted and
quit the business owing to continued disputes and strikes about wages. He next found
employment as a huckster in Philadelphia. He became known as a baseball player in his
yoimger days, and became manager of the Quaker City club. \\'ith such noted players as

I'.iocRAiMiv. ^r^

Tom Pratt, Al Reach and Fcrgy M alone, lie organized tlie August Flower ehih, uh.eh
played in Atlantic City in 1884. While here he was offered the management ol the Wil
mington club, and as manager he contracted bills that required him to sell all his property lo
pay. Then, almost penniless, he came to this city and accepted the first jol) oi work he
could find, which was to carry the hod for contractor and Councilman Edw. S. Lee. Mr.
Fralinger was the only white hod carrier in the gang. He soon started a soft drink stand on
the Boardwalk, selling cider which he made from apples brought from the Thoroughfare
landing in a basket. He prospered and made friends, who helped him to build a cottage.
He became interested in real estate with Messrs. Yount; and McShea. .nul liad confidence
in the success of Atlantic City.

He noticed the ready sale of salt water taffy, and that the business was not properly
conducted. He went into the business and managed it properly and made it popular and
prospered beyond his expectations, and has continued the business ever since. He became
interested in toboggan slides and other amusement enterprises along the Boardwalk. With
John L. Young and Stewart R. McShea, he first built the Academy of Music, about 1889.
for the use of Bartholomew's Equine Paradox, and soon after, to meet a public demand,
converted it into a theatre and playhouse, the city not being provided with a resort of that
kind at that time. \Mien completed and ready for rehearsal a fire starting near it
spread to the building and burned it to the ground. In just four weeks it was rebuilt. Mr.
Corson, the contractor, being sick, Mr. Fralinger himself superintended the work. By the
use of stoves the theatre was kept open during the winter. In 1897 Mr. Fralinger purchased
the interests of his partners, Messrs. Young and McShea. Before the papers were made
out the Academy was again burned to the ground. A third time it was rebuilt, this time
of brick and iron on the most approved plan, making it a model playhouse, the theatre and
stores costing over $80,000. It seats comfortably 1.600 people. He has been interested in
several extensive real estate deals, helping to open up and build Chalfont and Westminster
avenues. .Mr. Fralinger devotes his time closely to the various enterprises in which he is
interested, and has been greatly assisted and encouraged by his family in his success.

JOHX T. FREN'Cn.
John T. French, the well-known paint manufacturer of Hanimonton. was born in Dela-
ware County. Pennsylvania, March 2, 1851. His education was limited to the public schools.
After living in Philadelphia a short time he moved to Burlington County, N. J., and worked
on a farm till he was sixteen years of age, when he returned to Philadelphia to learn the
trade of a painter. In 1877 he engaged in the paint business on his own account, in the
town of Hanimonton. In 1883 he began the manufacture of paint and established the
Hammonton paint works and has prospered steadily ever since. In politics Mr. French is
a Democrat, and while living in a strong Republican town, has frequently held oftice. He
served three years as town assessor and four years in Council, and four years, till 1899. as
Postmaster. He has for a number of years been a member of the County Board of Regis-
tration. In 1888 he was a candidate for State Senator, and in 1894 for Assembly. He is a
liberal minded, enterprising and public spirited citizen, and has done much to advance the
interests of his home town.

JOHN H. GARDNER.
John J. Gardner, our present Congressman, was born in .Atlantic County. October 17,
1845. He established a residence in Atlantic City in 1856. His early opportunities for ob-
taining an education were limited. He enlisted in Company G. Sixth Regiment. N. J. Vol..
on .August 9, 1861, and was mustered in August 26. He served in the ranks as a private
until January i, 1862, when he was enrolled as a corporal in Company F. 10. N. J. Vol..
being mustered in February 7. 1862. His commanders report that he conducted hiinself
modestly and bravely until the day of his muster out. February 11. 1865. Soon after his
return to this city, he was elected Mayor, filling the office during tlie years 1868 to 1872.

474 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

inclusive, and also 1874 and 1875. The following year he filled a chair in council chamber,
and about the same time was elected one of the Coroners of the county. In 1877 he was
elected State Senator from Atlantic County, and continuously re-elected till he had served
five terms, this being the only instance of the kind in the history of the State. His plurality
over Absalom Doughty, Democrat, in 1877, was 98. over Thomas E. French, in 1880, 867;
over Isaac Collins, in 1883, 356; over John B. Champion, in 1886, 51. with 374 votes cast for
Potter, Prohibitionist, and over John T. French, in 1889, 224, with 230 cast for Wilbur,
Prohibitionist.

He was cho.sen President of the Senate in 1883, and was long regarded as the leader
of his party in that body. He was chairman of the committee that investigated the election
frauds in Hudson County, the result of which landed a delegation of ballot box stuflfers in
State's prison.

In 1884 Mr. Gardner was a delegate at large from New Jersey to the National Conven-
tion at Chicago. He has been a member of the State Committee of his party for
several years. He is now serving his fourth term as a Congressman. In 1892 he was elected
to Congress by a plurality of 2124 votes over George D. Wetherill of Burlington; in 1894,
by 9.741. over Jonathan Haines of Mt. Holly; in 1896, by 17,449 votes over Dr. Abram E.
Conrow of Moorestown, and in 1898, by 6,668 over John F. Hall of Atlantic City.

Congressman Gardner has many pleasing personal characteristics. He is an astute
politician and an agreeable neighbor. By friends he is regarded as somewhat of a political
genius, having held office during the greater part of his mature lite. He claims this city
as his legal residence, but his home is in Galloway township, near Egg Harbor City, where
his family reside most of the time. He is a member of Pequod Tribe of Red Men and of
Joe Hooker Post, G. A. R.

He married Mittie, daughter of Andrew Scull, January i, 1873. They had five children:
Earner, Mary, Josephine, Thomas and Albert. The youngest was killed at a grade crossing
at Egg Harbor City, December 8, 1899. The two oldest had previously died.

WILLIAM G. GARDINER.
Wm. G. Gardiner, M. D., is a son of Dr. David G. Gardiner, of Philadelphia, and was
born in the historic old town of Bordentown, N. J., in 1869. He was educated in the public
schools of Philadelphia and graduated at Hahnemann Medical College, in 1888. He be-
came resident physician in the Children's Hospital for a time, and then served as assistant
physician in the generak medical and ear department of Hahnemann. Later he served as
District Physician of Philadelphia. He located in Atlantic County in 1895, giving a por-
tion of his time to country practice. Since that time he has relinquished his country prac-
tice and devotes his whole time to practice in this city. He is a member of the Homoeo-
pathic Club and the State Society, and is an Odd Fellow and a Mason.

WILLIA:\I I. GARRISON.
Born at Monroeville, Salem County, N. J., September 16, 1869. His education was
obtained during the winter seasons in the public schools, working on the farm being his
occupation during the summer time until he arrived at the age of seventeen, when he be-
came bookkeeper for R. L. Stern, Jr., at Monroeville. He then launched out as a drummer
on the road, and later improved himself in the schools of Philadelphia. He has the honor
of having graduated first from Lauterbach Academy. He afterward taught school at Pem-
berton four months, and during all this time he continued studies with John C. Henderson
of Mt. Holly. He was admitted to practice in 1896, and practiced in Burlington County
until 1897, and came to this city in September, 1897. He became interested in real estate
with S. E. Reilly & Co. He was married in June, 1897, to Miss Lizzie Hagaman, of Cran-
bury, N. J. One child has blessed their union.

BURROWS C. GODFREY.

Burrows C. Godfrey, Esq., was born in Cape May County, N. J., July 22, 1858. His
father was a seafaring man. The son graduated from the public schools at the age of
seventeen, and taught school for several years in his native county. He read law and finally
graduated from the law department of the University of Tennessee, and was admitted to
the bar in New Jersey in 1894. He located in this city in 1891, and has won the esteem
and confidence of a large clientele, and is one of the principals in the law firm of Godfrey &
Godfrey. He is a member of several secret orders and is happily married, occupying a tine
cottage on St. Charles Place.

C.VRLTON GODFREY, ESQ.

Our present City Solicitor was born at Beasley's Point, Cape May County. N. J., Jan-
uary 13, 1865. He was brought up on a farm and educated at the public schools, and taught
school for two years previous to coming to this city to begin the study of law with James
B. Nixon, Esq. He was admitted to the bar at the November term, 1889, and at once began
for himself. When Mr. Nixon decided to enter the ministry, Mr. Godfrey bought out his
effects and good will, and has been on the upgrade ever since.

In 1893 he was elected Tax Collector, and was re-elected five successive years. In 1898
he succeeded to the office of City Solicitor upon the appointment of Mr. Endicott as Law
Judge of the county.

Mr. Godfrey is happily married and occupies a handsome cottage on Ohio avenue.
He is a member of several of the leading secret order of the city, and president and solicitor
of the Real Estate and Investment Company. Four years ago he associated with himself
Mr. B. C. Godfrey, under the firm name of Godfrey & Godfrey. He is also president of the
board of directors of the Guarantee Safe Deposit and Surety Company.

JOHN L. GORM.AX.

John L. Gorman, of the well-known firm of Bell & Gorman, furniture dealers, wa- born
in Philadelphia, February 20. 1864, his parents being James T. and Lydia B. Goriuan. He
graduated from the Philadelphia public schools in 1880 and afterward took a business
course at Hasting's West Philadelphia Academy, graduating in 1882. When he had com-
pleted his studies he equipped himself with a number of drawings he had made and upon
their excellence secured a position with the firm of Wilson Bros. & Co., Philadelphia,
architects, with a view of learning the business, but at the expiration of two years he realized
that his health would not permit him to follow that occupation.

In 1884 he obtained a position with the West Philadelphia Passenger Railway Comp.iny
on the Market Street line as roadway inspector. During the same year the Philadelphia
Traction Company was formed and one of its first acts was to lease the line with which
Mr. Gorman was connected. The following year he was made purchasing agent for the
company, which position he held until January, 1888, when he was a.gain promoted, this
time being appointed .Assistant Superintendent, the duties of which position included the
purchasing of supplies and supervision of car construction shops. As the company built
all their own rolling stock and furniture, such as office desks, etc., he had an opportunity of
procuring a practical knowledge of construction, which, with the purchasing and handling
of all kinds of supplies he found quite a help when he resolved to engage in his present
business, buying Mr. Scott's interest and becoming a member of the firm of Bell & Gorman.
It was on January I, 1896, that Mr. Gorman moved to .Atlantic City, and since that time
he has grown in the esteem of the public, who were quick to recognize ambition and enter-
prise rightly directed.

ALFRED M. HESTON.

alfri-:d m. hestox.

Alfred M. Heston was born at Htstonville. Pliiladelphia. April .50. 1854. IK- i, a son
of I. Morris and Anna Patton Heston and descended from one of the early Quaker ianiilic^
that settled in Bucks County during the life of William Penn.

Mr. Heston finished his education in the Philadelphia High School and was for a time
employed on the West Jersey Press in Camden and later for several years was editor of the
Chronicle at Bridgeton, N. J. He came to Atlantic City in 1884, having purchased with
John G. Shreve the Atlantic Review, the first newspaper established in this city. Later he
liecanu- the proprietor and editor of the Atlantic Journal which he sold too a stock company.
He was elected the first Comptroller of Atlantic City in 1895, when that otTice was first
established and has continued in that position ever since. He was also appointed Com-
missioner of the Sinking Fund in 1896. and is a very painstaking and efficient official.

He has been active in many matters for advancing the best interests and popularity of
this resort and is fond of antiquarian and historical studies. He is the author and publisher
of Heston"s Handbook, which for years has disseminated useful information ami inlire-ting
sketches of this island city.

He has been an active and earnest Republican; was clerk of the House of Representa-
tives during the 51st Congress. For several years he has been a trustee of the First Presby-
terian church. He has been secretary of the Board of Governors of the Atlantic City hospital
and has been very active from the start in promoting this institution.

He occupies a fine cottage on States avenue, has a wife and three daughters, one of
whom is a successful teacher since her graduation from the State Normal School.

I':XOCH A. HIGBEE.

Enoch A. Higbee. Es(i.. was born at Leeds Point, N. J.. April 22. iSd.?. is the son ni
Enoch and Bethiah (Clark) Higbee. He was educated in the public schools at that place,
and at the age of twenty-one elected Assessor of Galloway township, re-elected in 1886, l88g
and 1890. In 1885 he was appointed Postiuaster of his native village and filled the position
acceptably four years. In February, 1892, he registered as a student at law in the office of
Hon. .\llen B. Endicott, and was admitted to the bar three years later.

In February. 1894, President Cleveland appointed him Collector of Customs at Somers
Point for the District of Great Egg Harbor, which position he held for five years and where
he has since resided. In 1895 he was elected Borough Clerk, which position he resigned
the following year to accept the office of Mayor, to which he had been elected and still con-
tinues to hold, having been re-elected in 1898. He is and has for several years been presi-
dent of the school board and president of the fire company and actively identified witli every
movement for better government.

As a lawyer he is painstaking and diligent, and has a reputation among business men
as being careful, conservative and reliable. He has made a specialty of municipal law. and
though young in practice, has been very successful and is attorney for several municipalities
in the county. At present he is president of the Bar .\ssociation of Atlantic County. He
is an able pleader and a popular and pleasing public sjieaker, and the author of articles on
local history of considerable interest and value.

V.VLEXTIXE P.

HOFM.\X.

Valentine P. Hofmann. of Eg.g Harbor City

. was born £

Bavaria. In the year 1850 he emigrated with hi

s parents to

at Baltimore. Md.. in August of that year. Ili^ e

arly life was

was born September 11. 1840, at Iphofcn,
United States, and landed

478 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

lie attended sectarian and pul)lic schools. On March iq. 1858, he moved with his parents
to Egg Harbor City, which at the time numbered about thirty houses. He resided there
only a short time, moving out to Germania Station, on his father's farm, where he stayed
until 1866, when he returned to Egg Harbor City. In 1872 he was elected City Assessor,
and was re-elected every year until 1877, when Common Council, in November of that year,
appointed him as City Treasurer in place of Ernest Adclung, deceased. This office he con-
tinued to hold until March, 1886. In the years 1876 and 1877 he taught school at Gloucester
Landing. In March, 1890. he was elected City Clerk, which office he has since held, and
also the office of Secretary of the Board of Health. He was twice a candidate for Coroner
on the Democratic ticket. From 1871, to January, 1899, he was Secretary of the Egg Harbor
Agricultural Society. He is also Secretary of Atlantic County Board of Agriculture, which
he has held for many years. He is one of the charter members of Union Lodge, No. 18,
A. O. U. W., organized in 1882. and has acted as its Receiver since, excepting the year 1887.
He is also Treasurer of the Egg Harbor Improvement Co., and also acted for a number of
years as Director and Secretary of Egg Harbor Commercial Bank.

In 1879 he was married to Miss Fredericke Hohenleitner, and the result of their union
were five sons, the three eldest living. In 1885 he acquired the tinware and stove business
of his deceased father-in-law, which he has gradually extended, till it is now one of the
largest stores in Egg Harbor City.

:\IARTHA EMILY HOOPES.

;\larth.T Emily Hoopes. nee Watt, was born in Baltimore in 1835. She was the young-
est of a family of six children, three boys and three girls. Her parents died when she
was <iuite young, and the children were cared for by wealthy relatives.

At the age of eighteen she married William Graham Hoopes, an iron broker of Phila-
delphia. She possessed unusual talent for business and in the course of a few years to
help her husband's fortunes opened a boarding house and conducted it successfully. For
a nmnber of years she continued the business on Walnut and Chestnut Streets. In 1874
she came to Atlantic City and leased what was afterwards known as the Waverly, at Ohio
anil Pacific Avenues. She called it the Little Traymore. It had just been built by the
late John L. Bryant and had only twenty bedrooms. So successful was she in this ven-
ture that in the fall she purchased of Mr. Bryant what has since been the Hotel Traymore
property at the ocean end of Illinois Avenue. The building was not then finished and
contai)itd only thirty-two bedrooms. The price paid was $10,000; $2,000 cash, the balance
mortgage.

In 1880 Mrs. Hoopes enlarged the hotel to 6g bedrooms and four years later to 128
rooms. Hei enterprise and executive ability were remarkable. The Traymore was the first
hotel in this city to have its own gas plant, before the city plant was built, also the first
elevator, and the first large exchange instead of a small box office. Her enterprise stimu-
lated others to make extensive improvements, and greatly increase the popularity of this
resort and cater to all the year trade. In 1886 Mrs. Hoopes sold the Traymore to W. W.
Green & Co. for $125,000. It has since been repeatedly enlarged and improved till it now
contains 240 bedrooms, 50 bathrooms and is probably worth $500,000.

After her retirement from active business Mrs. Hoopes lived in Philadelphia and added
to her fortune by wise investments in variotis places, still retaining real estate holdings
in Atlantic City. She was all her life a very courageous, independent and enterprising
woman, possessing unusual tact and judgment in dealing with her guests and in business
matters.

Pier youngest son, Louis Harvey Hoopes. is the only surviving member of the family.
To hir.i and his children she by will left her fortune.

WILLIAM GRAHAM HDOPKS. Jk

Tlie late William Graham Hoopes. Jr., was born in Philadelphia in 1856. He was the
eldest of two sons of the late William G. and Martha E. Hoopes. He w:i> educated in
the imblic schools, graduating from the Philadelphia High School.

For eight \'ears he was employed as clerk in the office of the Lehigh Valley Railroad
Company till 1875, when he came to Atlantic City to assi.st his mother in the management
of the Traymore. .As her assistant he continued till the property was sold in 1886. when
he turned his attention to achitecture. This business he conducted successfully till his
death, which occurred suddenly and unexpectedly on February 20, 1898. As an architect
his work possessed decided merit and helped greatly in the erection of more attractive
cottages and hotels. Some of the finest and most expensive buildings were remodeled
or built from designs prepared by him.

He was a member of the local Board of Health from April. iSgi. till hi> death, and
President of the Board after 1894. To his intelligent and conscientious work wa> largely
due the efficiency of this important body. His experience as a hotel man enabled him
to appreciate the sanitary requirements of the city.

He was a Past Master of Trinity Lodge F. & A. jNL, and a member of Trinity Chapter
and Olivec Commandery at Millville, N. J. He was also an Elk and was an unusually
bri.ght and conscientious citizen. His sudden death at the early age of forty-two years
was a pi'infu! shock to a large circle of friends wlio appreciated his frien<lshi|i and worth.

CAFTAIX SHEPHERD S. HUDSON.

Captain Shepherd S. Hudson, one of the oldest and best-known sea captains of Atlantic
County, was born in Delaware, June 30, 1826. He came to Mays Landing with his father,
the late Elisha E. Hudson, in 1832. and his home has been there ever since. The father was
a mariner, and at the age of eleven years, in 1837, the year that Atlantic County was organ-
ized, the son was made cook for the crew- on his father's vessel. Tliere were no public
schools in this county in those days. When eighteen years old he was put in command of
the sloop Hornet and engaged in trade with his father. He was soon in command of larger
vessels and has followed the business eve-- since, over sixty years. The scliooners Helen
Justice, the Dove, the R. G. Porter, the Mary P. Hudson, and the S. S. Hudson are other
larger vessels that he has sailed.

On September 21, 1846, Capt. Hudson married Mary P. Ingersoll; b. April 21, 1828: d.
August 28, 1891. The}' had si.x children: i. Amanda, who m. Capt. D. F. Vaughn,
November 22, 1866, and had two children: Mary C, deceased, and Shepherd H., the archi-
tect, who m. Lida Eldridge, and lives in Atlantic City. 2. Kate, who m. jMelvin R. Morse,
October 9, 1871, and had four children: Melvin H., who m. Cora M. Sharp, and has one
child; Bessie W., deceased; Amanda V.. and an infant, deceased. 3. Eva B.. d. March 3.
1855. 4. Mina, m. Clarence E. ^^lorse. December 28, 1881. and has two children; Mary L.
and Fayette W. S- Harie, m., June 17, 1880, Capt. Frank R. Davis, deceased, July 4. I'^J-'
6. Mary S., who lives at home.

During the Rebellion he was in command of a United States transjiort about York-
town and Fort Fisher, carrying troops and ordnance for Uncle Sam.

He at present is commander and principal owner of the barkentine Jennie Sweeney,
which he built at Mays Landing in 1876.

Since his boyhood Captain Hudson has taken an active interest in politics as a Whig
or a Republican, but he has never held office except that of Assemblyman, in i88y.

Captain Hudson has not only made the remarkable record of never having lost a
vessel during his long service on the high seas, but there stands to his credit the proud
record of having saved 51 lives from a wrecked steamer, for which he has never received

480 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

any medal or public recognition whatever. A more gallant and heroic service perhaps
never was performed by man than when this young captain of the schooner R. G. Porter,
in a gale seven miles ofif Atlantic City, soon after midnight on Thursday, June 21, i860, saved
51 out of 71 lives. The last five of the 51 wrecked sailors were saved from a furious sea,
when the captain of those he had rescued protested against Captain Hudson's return to the
wreck in the high wind perchance to find still others afloat. The skillful manner in which
he handled his vessel is worthy of all praise. His crew consisted of E. Smith, mate: John
Englison and William Taylor.

The United States steamer Walker, under the command of Lieutenant John Guthrie,
with a crew of 70 men engaged in the coast survey, was run into at 2.15 o'clock a. m. by the
schooner Fannie, Captain Mayhew, bound from Philadelphia for Boston with 240 tons of
coal. Lieutenant J. A. Sewell of the Walker was on the watch. The atmosphere was
cloudy and the wind was blowing fresh from the northeast. It was a cold June storm. Both
vessels had their lights burning, but neither one discovered the other till too late.

The schooner, long and narrow and loaded, was unable to port her helm to avoid col-
lision. She struck the Walker on the port side forward of the paddle box. badly injuring
the steamer but doing the schooner no harm. She hung to the steamer a few minutes and
then slid off. No man on board was seen or heard. She dropped astern and in ten minutes
was out of sight.

The Walker was found to be leaking badly and about to sink. The boats were ordered
out and the vessel turned toward the shore. To prevent explosion the fires in the boilers
were put out and steam blown ofif. Before the mainmast could be cut away the steamer
went down. Besides the crew of 70 men there was one woman aboard, the wife of Lieu-
tenant Sewell. In her night-clothes only she reached one of the boats with 21 of the men,
one of them old and sick.

This boat was fastened to a projecting mast by a light line when the R. G. Porter,
Captain Hudson, hove in sight. The Porter was in ballast from Boston to Philadelphia,
and came close to the steamer ten minutes after it had sunk. It was then nearly 3 o'clock
in the morning. Men not in the boats, two of which had been smashed in the crash, were
clinging to the driftwood and the wreck. The wind was blowing a gale and the sea was
rough. All except enough to man the boats were quickly gotten aboard the Porter and
made as comfortable as possible.

By 8 o'clock in the morning 46 souls had been saved. The Porter had then drifted
about five miles to leeward, when Captain Hudson determined to beat back to the wreck if
possible to find other members of the crew adrift. The spars could be seen projecting 20
or 30 feet above the surface of the sea. Captain Guthrie and his officers thought it would
be of no use to try to get back to the wreck and strongly urged Captain Hudson not to take
the risk in such a wind and such a sea. But he persisted, determined to save every living
soul possible. Nearing the wreck a black spot was noticed on the angry sea, which proved
to be the hurricane deck of the Walker with five men clinging to it. One of them was
Lieutenant Sewell, who was so exhausted that he had to be lashed to the deck with ropes
by his companions. These were gotten aboard about 10.30 o'clock. These live men were
the last of the living to escape from the Walker. The remaining twenty were lost.

Unable to enter Absecon inlet in such a sea. Captain Hudson made direct for Cape May,
reaching that place at 4 o'clock on that Thursday afternoon, passing around the Point in
full view of the big hotels, with colors at half mast. Crowds of people on the beach were
startled at the sight and hastened out to welcome the rescued and destitute crew. They
provided food and clothing and kindly cared for Mrs. Sewell. Before Cape May was
reached Captain Hudson was sent for by Lieutenant and Mrs. Sewell, who after seven
hours separation and a very perilous experience were happily united again and saved by
the skill and bravery of Captain Hudson. They thanked him most heartily for saving their
lives and the gratitude and thanks of the saved is all the thanks or recognition that C.iptain
Hudson has ever received.

BIOGKAIMIV. 481

From Cape May some of tlu- saved got passage to New York and others to Pliiladcl-
phia. While a full report of this thrilling event was recorded in the United States Register
of that date, up to the present time no medal has ever been struck and no recognition by
the United States Government or any department thereof, was ever made of Captain Hud-
son's brave and successful rescue of 51 out of a crew of 71 precious lives.

ROBERT H. INGERSOLL.

Robert H. Ingersoll. Judge of tlie District Court of Atlantic City, was born at Mays
Landing. November 17. 1868. In the public schools and about the court house of his native
village he formed the tastes and laid the foundation for his professional career. He entered
Rutgers College in 1884, at New Brunswick, and while there as a student for several winters,
through the favor of Senator John J. Gardner, he served as a pa.ge in the State Senate and
formed acquaintances and became familiar with legislative proceedings which make him an
e.xpert in those matters. He studied law with Hon. J. E. P. Abbott, the present prosecutor
of the Pleas of Atlantic County, and when admitted to practice, in 1890, associated himself
with Judge Allen B. Endicott. of this city.

In 1892 he was elected Coroner, and in 1895 was elected .-Mderman and President of
Council. When the office of Recorder in this city was made a salaried position as a city
magistrate Mr. Ingersoll was elected to fill the place for two years. 1896 and 1897. and he
made an efficient and popular ofiicer.

Through his efforts, largely, the necessary legislation was secured to establish a Dis-
trict Court in this city, whereupon Governor Voorhees appointed him the presiding judge.

Judge Ingersoll is happily married to Miss Emma, daughter of Hon. William H.
Skirm, of Trenton, N. J., and has a beautiful home on St. Charles Place.

Judge Ingersoll is active in fraternal societies, being Past Regent of the Royal Arca-
num: Past Grand in American Star Lodge, I. O. O. P.: Past Ma.ster of Trinity Lodge.
F. and A. M., and a member of Trinity Chapter. R. A. M. He has recently been appointed
District Deputy Grand Master of the twelfth Masonic district of New Jersey. He is also
an ex-lieutenant of the Morris Guards.

EMERY D. IRELAN.

City Clerk Emery D. Irelan, who is one of our most popular city officials, was born
March 2, 1864. in Atlantic County. He attended the public schools of Philadelphia until he
graduated under Henry M. Hallowell. He then became clerk for the Reading R. R. Co..
but resolving to improve his mind still further, he resigned and returned to school for
another winter. He then accepted a position with Schubert & Cuttingham, manufacturers
of tackle blocks for vessels. In time he became an operator on a wood carving machine and
joined the firm of William B. Allen, cabinet makers at Frankford. Later we find him. in
1885. associated with Frambes. Somers & Co., in Atlantic City. He served with that firm
until the dissolution of partnership, whereupon he drifted to Birmingham, .Mabama. Then
he drifted into legal channels and took up the study of law under Carlton Godfrey. Es(|..
of this city, which profession he foresook when he was elected City Clerk, in 1892. M that
time City Council was equally divided, nine Republicans and nine Democrats, and desiring
to break the deadlock, influential friends prevailed upon him to be a candidate for building
inspector, which resulted in his election and the accomplishment of the object for which it
was intended. The following year lie was elected City Clerk, and has been re-elected con-
tinuously since. Upon the last occasion he received the unanimous vote of both parties.

It was not long before he was made treasurer of the Atlantic City Firemen's Relief .\s»o-
ciation, the funds of which are derived from the insurance companies doing business in this
31

482 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

city, and are used for the purpose of assisting indigent firemen and their widows. He is
trustee oi the United States Fire Company, past exalted ruler of Atlantic City Lodge, No.
2/6. P. B. O. E., and a member of the American Star Lodge, I. O. O. F.. Brotherhood of the
Union, Knights of the Golden Eagle; organizer of Minerva Circle, B. W. H. F., Pequod
Tribe. I. O. R. M. He is a Republican in politics, and attends St. Paul's M. E. Church and
Clirist M. P. Church. He married Miss Emily Fabian, of Wilmington, Delaware.

GEORGE W. JACKSON.

George W. Jackson was born in Philadelphia in 1842. When two years old his parents
moved to Camden, and there the boy was educated in the public schools. At the outbreak
of the war Mr. Jackson enlisted in Companies 4, s, 6 and 7, New Jersey Volunteers. He
was promoted to a lieutenancy. At the close of the war he engaged in business in Phila-
delphia as a contractor and builder, till 1879, when he came to Atlantic City and engaged
in the bathing business with his accustomed energy. His first season was at the Ashland
baths, below Pennsylvania avenue. In 1880 an important law suit pending affecting the
title of the property, he purchased of John F. Star land at the foot of Virginia avenue,
which has since become valuable. It was sold to the Steel Pier Company in 1897, for
$150,000. Mr. Jackson had arranged to build the pier himself, but finally joined interests
with Kennedy Crossan. Dr. Filbert and others, taking a large interest in the pier and
serving as treasurer of the company. He owns extensive real estate and is the treasurer
and active member of P. B. O. E.. No. 276. He is also a director of the Union National
Bank.

MARCELLUS L. JACKSON.

Marcellus L. Jackson was born in Hartland. Maine, September 25, 1846. He first
came to Hammonton in 1868, and spent one year farming and teaching school. He went
west for one year and back to Maine in 1870, and finally decided to locate in Hammonton.
In the spring of 1871 he opened a muat and provision store with Benjamin H. Bowles as a
partner. At the end of three years Mr. Bowles retired from the firm and Mr. Jackson has
successfully prosecuted the business ever since, having as finely equipped a country market
as there is in South Jersey. Mr. Jackson has been a member of the Board of Freeholders
since 1887. and for two years Director of the Board. For eleven years he was president of
his building association, and for twelve years has been vice-president of the People's Bank.
He was elected to the Assembly in 1895 by a plurality of 1.506. and in 1896 re-elected by a
plurality of 2.405. Mr. Jackson is a member of various societies and is the present Post-
master of the town of Hammonton.

JOHN C. JACOBS,

John C. Jacobs, late State Senator of Brooklyn, New York, was born of Revolutionary
stock in Lancaster, Pa., December 10, 1838. He died in this city, the home of his adoption,
at the close of a busy, useful life, on September 21, 1894. In his early youth he moved with
his parents to Brooklyn, where he attended the public schools, served as errand boy in a
law office, worked as a newspaper reporter and gained the power and influence which
enabled him to achieve the success and triumphs at the hands of his fellow citizens. At the
age of twenty, he was the political editor of the New York Express. In 1859 he became the
legislative correspondent of that and several other newspapers at Albany. At the outbreak
of the Civil War he became a war correspondent, and witnessed some of the fiercest battles
in that great contest. In 1867 Mr. Jacobs served witli distinction in the New York Assem-

RIOGRAl'llV. 483

bly. serving seven years, till 1873. He was several times a candidate lor speaker and served
on many important committees. In 1874 he was elected State Senator, a position which he
held for eleven years, till 1885. That he could have been nominated and elected Governor of
New York is a matter of history. In 1879 he was chairman of the Democratic State Com-
mittee which renominated Lucius Robinson for a second term. John Kelly, the chief of
Tammany Hall, desired Senator Jacobs to stand for the nomination, which would have
surely turned the tide in his favor. The Senator in his capacity as chairman would enter-
tain no such motion and declared Gov. Robinson the nominee. The outcome was that .\. B.
Cornell. Republican, was elected Governor. On removing to Atlantic City for the benefit
of his shattered health. Senator Jacobs no longer took active interest in politics, but de-
voted himself to his family. He became very much interested in the city of his adoption
and promoted many local improvements.

.\LBERT M. JORD.^X.

.•Mbert M. Jordan. President of the Atlantic City Sewerage Company, its chief pro-
inotor and manager from the beginning, was born in Auburn, X. Y., July 20, 1847. His
father was a printer. When the boy was eight years old the family moved to the frontier
town of Quasqueton, Iowa, where lived at that time more Indians than white people.
There, with a partner, the senior Jordan started the weekly Guardian, a country newspaper.
In the war of the rebellion the father enlisted and died in the army. After two years at
Cornell College, Iowa, where he took an engineering course, Mr. Jordan came east to
Philadelphia to learn the printing trade. He worked for four years for the firm which later
became that of Allen, Lane & Scott. After holding for six months a position in the Gov-
ernment Printing Office at Washington, Mr. Jordan went back to Iowa and became part
owner of the Dubuque Daily Times. He was active in politics and became a personal
friend of Hon. William B. Allison. In Dubuque, Mr. Jordan devoted some of the best
years of his life to active journalism. He finally disposed of his interests in the Daily Times
at a good figure, and in 1881 came to New York, expecting to open an advertising bureau.
He made the acquaintance of one Winfield Scott West, a civil engineer from Virginia, w-ho
had a patent system of drainage for level towns, and through the suggestion of his father-
in-law, the late Josiah S. Hackett, of the W. J. & S. R. R., Camden, Mr. Jordan proceeded
to introduce the "West system" of sewerage into Atlantic City. He interested Dr. Board-
man Reed, the late John L. Bryant and leading hotel men in the enterprise and accom-
plished what was considered by some an impossible engineering feat, that of laying large
pipes eight and ten and fifteen feet below the surface in the water and quicksand of this
island. He thus secured to this health resort sanitary conditions of inestimable value and
importance. Mr. Jordan was made receiver of the company as first organized, and after
the purchase at public sale by .A. J. Robinson, a wealthy contractor of New York, he be-
came superintendent of the reorganized company of which he is now president. He is the
personal representative of Mr. Robinson, who is largely interested in real estate in this city.

J. ADDISON JOY.

J. Addison Joy. M. D., was bom October 27. 1854. in Peru. Mass.. of Puritanic stock.
His early education was acquired in the district schools of that town.

When fourteen years of age his parents removed to Greenville. 111., where he attended
high school for two years. In 1870 they returned east and located at Toms River. N. J.

Here his studies were continued mostly under private instruction, and in 1874 he en-
tered Amherst College, graduating four years later. After teaching a few years he entered
the medical department of the LTniversity of Pennsylvania, and graduated in 1884.

484 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

Iinnicdiatcly ;iftor graduation the doctor located in Luzerne County, Pa., and remained
there until 1890. In June of that year he came to Atlantic City, and has since practiced
here, gaining the confidence of the people and building up a large and lucrative practice.

In 1886 Dr. Joy married Miss Nettie B. Clark, of East Hampton, Mass., and has two
sons.

The Doctor is a member of the Atlantic City Academy of Medicine, the Atlantic
County Medical Association, the Legion of the Red Cross, and the Patriotic Order of the
Sons of .-Kmerica. In politics he is a Republican.

ARTHUR W. KELLY.

Arthur VV. Kelly was born at West Creek, Ocean County, N. J., June 23. 1869. He
finished the public schools and at the age of sixteen began teaching. After two years at this
and a year at Pennington Seminary, he was for two years principal of the school in his
native town. During this period he also did considerable work as a land surveyor. While
teaching he began the study of law and later served a clerkship in the offices of George
Reynolds, in Burlington, and Hon. Charles E. Hendrickson, in Mt. Holly. He was ad-
mitted to the bar as an attorney in June, 1892, and as a counsellor in June, 1895. In July,
1892, he opened an office in this city, where he has since remained.

While studying law he also instructed himself in stenography, and in 189S was ap-
pointed by Judge Ludlow official stenographer of the courts of his circuit, consisting of
Atlantic, Cape May. Cumberland and Salem Counties.

In 1898 he published "Kelly's Questions and Answers," a legal work which has met
with favor among law students and the bar. It is a compilation of answers to all the bar
examinations for a period of fifteen years.

Mr. Kelly is a member of Trinity Lodge, F. and A. M., and .\merican Star Lodge of
Odd Fellows. He married Miss Annie Haywood, of West Creek, and has three children.
In politics he is a Democrat.

SAMUEL HASTINGS KELLY.

Samuel Hastings Kelley has done more probably than any other one man to develop
the district of Chelsea, which has rapidly become a refined and well regulated section of
Atlantic City.

Born in Philadelphia, September 4, 1857, he attended the public schools of his native
town until he had been grounded in the English branches. During the years 1879 to 1882
we find him in Chicago as travelling agent for the Pullman Car Company. He afterwards
branched out as a stock broker and continued in this business until 1889, when he moved
to Atlantic City.

At this time, the territory now embraced within the precincts of Chelsea, was almost a
barren waste, and Mr. Kelley consecrated his energies to the development of the region.
How well he has succeeded is shown by the forty-eight houses which he has built and
which grace the section where his own pretty home is located. Mr. Kelley deals in real
estate, improved and unimproved. He handles his own property and confines his attention
to the transaction of his individual business.

In the spring of 1897 he was elected to City Council, and in the following year was
appointed chairman of the sanitary committee. He at once resolved to secure the removal
and enlargement of the garbage crematory, which he did, the improved plant at the meadow
end of Tennessee avenue being a monument to his endeavors. He was also energetic in his
endeavors to secure a cheaper light for the city and was instrumental in having the price
per arc light reduced from $127.75 to $105 per year. ;\Ir. Kelley, who is the father of tliree

HIOGK APHV. .18.-)

children, two boys and a girl, the eldest of whom is nine years of age, was a candidate for
Mayor and a't another time for State Senator. He is a member of the Jr. O. U. A. M., the
local lodge of Elks, attends the M. E. Church, and is a stalwart Republican. He is deeply
interested in politics and his friends believe that the future holds rewards commensurate
with his ability, standing and services to the party with which he lia^ been at'fdiated >ince
bovhood.

LOUIS KUEHNLE.

Louis Kuehnle, Sr., who died at his home in Egg Harbor City, August 7. 1885, was
born at Hasnnisheini. Germany, in 1827. He was trained for the occupation of a hotel chef,
and after emigrating to America, in 1849. he found employment in some of the leading
hotels of this country. He was employed in Washington, D. C, where President Buchanan
boarded previous to coming to Egg Harbor City, in 1858. Here he opened the New York
hotel and kept it continuously up to the time of his death. In 1852 he married Miss Kate
Werdasin. They had three sons, George, Louis and Henry, who survive him.

He was highly esteemed by his fellow citizens, was Mayor of Egg Harbor City several
terms, was a member of Council and the school board for years, and represented his city in
the Board of Freeholders for a number of years. He purchased and opened Kuehnle"s
hotel in this city, January 9. 1875, and placed it under the management of his son, Louis
Kuehnle, Jr., who subsequently became the sole owner.

EDWARD S. LEE.

Edward S. Lee, who at the municipal election in March, 1900, was re-elected to Council
from the Second Ward, a position that he has held continuously since 1888, is a son of John
Lee. of Philadelphia, and was born in that city, October 22, 1857. He learned the trade of
a bricklayer and mason and first came to .\tlantic City in the employ of his uncle, the late
George F. Lee, when he purchased the Hotel Brighton property in 1876.

Mr. George F. Lee at that time was considered one of the wealthiest men in Philadelphia.
He had amassed a fortune as a builder of gas works in many large cities, including Chicago,
and was a pioneer in this city in providing accommodations for spring and winter guests.
He was the first to build sun parlors along the boardwalk and a hotel for the winter trade.

The nephew. Councilman Lee. had been employed on the Centennial E.xposition build-
ings previous to coming here. In 1877 he located here permanently and became one of the
most extensive and successful contractors and builders. He was a member and treasurer
of the board of health three years previous to his election to council. He has for years been
an active member of the Neptune Fire Company and a public spirited citizen actively identi-
fied with the progress of the town. He has been chairman of the most important committees
of council and displayed unusual executive ability.

JACOB H. LEEDOM.
Jacob H. Leedom was born in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, in the year 1825, and
died October 13, 1895. He enjoyed the distinction of having been a passenger on the first
train that ever made a through trip from Philadelphia to Atlantic City. That was in 1854,
and the men who composed the crew of the train which carried brick and lumber, worked
tliat eventful night by the light of their lanterns in order to lay the rails across the draw of
the bridge, that is so familiar to the people of this city. True, trains had made trips from
the neighboring metropolis to points near Absecon and the meadows prior to the night
upon whicli Mr. Leedom made his memorable journey, but this fact did not detract from

486 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

the interest attached to the incident in which the subject of this sketch figured. In his
seventh year his father died, and his mother sometime afterward married a second time and
removed to Baltimore, where the boy followed. He was then in his tenth year, and until he
attained his majority he remained at home, devoting himself to school and the trade of
tailoring, which he was soon master of. He was in his twenty-first year when his step-
father died, and he then lost no time in removing his mother and the children to Philadel-
phia, where he carried on the tailoring business for himself. Early in the summer of 1854,
his attention was attracted to Atlantic City, and seeing exceptional inducements here, he
established bath houses on the beach and returned each summer until 1878, when he moved
to this city in company with Mrs. Leedom, whom he had happily married some years
before. In 1885 he arid Mrs. Leedom moved to the present handsome hotel, widely known
as the Leedom, 163-165 Ocean avenue, near the Beach.

He was an ardent Republican during the active years of his life, and during his residence
here was Recorder of the city, and also acted as Mayor during part of one summer. He was
a member of the Board of Health, almost since the day it was organized, and was acting as
treasurer of that body at the time of his death. He was a profoundly religious man and
was largely instrumental in the establishment of the First Baptist Church here. When he
and Mrs. Leedom came to this city, they felt very much the absence of a place of worship
of their denomination, and never rested until they saw the realization of their desires, the
first meeting of the purpose being held in February, 1880, and a permanent organization in
July following with a membership of seventeen. He was elected Deacon, Treasurer and
President of the Board of Trustees, and labored zealously for the best interests of the sect.
Four years before his death, which occurred rather unexpectedly, he resigned the treasurer-
ship, feeling that he was unable to perform its duties with that faithfulness to detail for
which he was ever noted, in all his relations to civil and religious life. However, he lived
to see the church grow from a membership of seventeen to almost three hundred. It was
one of the pleasant features of his life to revert to the time when the congregation of the
First Baptist Church worshipped in a room on the second floor of the building then known
as Mehler's Hall on Atlantic avenue. During the last ten years of his life he was a Prohi-
bitionist and labored conscientiously for the success of the cold water party. He will also
be recalled as a very religious, charitable and generally esteemed citizen of Atlantic City.
His remains rest in Mount Moriah Cemetery and his widow conducts the hotel which has
so long borne the honored name of Leedom.

JOSEPH E. LINGERMAN.

Joseph E. Lingerman was born in Philadelphia, Pa.. March i, 1844. At the age of
fourteen years, he entered the employ of Hon. John P. Verree in the iron business, in
whose employ he continued for 23 years. In i88l, after having accumulated a small amount
of money, he came to Atlantic City and started in the hotel business. He built the hotel
Runnymede on Kentucky avenue, which hotel he disposed of quite recently. He success-
fully conducted the old Memorial House for several years.

Mr. Lingerman has been particularly successful in business engagements, having built
several cottages in this city.

In 1890 he was elected a Justice of the Peace of the Second Ward, but declined to serve.

He has been a member of City Council for the past six years and his popularity is
attested by the fact that in his election to City Council, he secured the largest majority
of votes ever obtained in the Second Ward. He is a member of Odd Fellows and several
other societies.

Mr. Lingerman was married in 1872 and he and his wife are now living a retired life in
one of their pleasant cottages on South Carolina avenue, near the Beach.

BARCLAY I.Il'l'l.XCOTT.

Barclay Lippincott, the well-known Philadelphia merchant and cottager in this city,
was the son of Judge Benjamin P. Lippincott, a wealthy and influential member of the
society of Hicksite Friends, in Salem County, N. J. He was born December 9, 1816. m the
old family mansion which is still standing near Ilarrisville, where several generations of
Lippincotts have lived.

.As a young man, the subject ul this sketch engaged in the dry goods business in Phila-
delphia, having a store on Market street and becoming an extensive importer of cloths. He
prospered and had been a cottager at Cape May for some years previous to his purchase of
a cottage in this city, in 1863, a building which is still standing, being a portion of Craig
Hall, on Ocean avenue.

Since i860 Mr. Lippincott and sons have been wholesale auctioneers, a business which
since his retirement has been conducted by three of his sons.

Through his long and busy life Mr. Lippincott has scrupulously preserved untarnished
the good name of this widely known family, and in the full possession of all his faculties is
peacefully rounding out his more than four score years.

He married Mary Jones, who died in 1894. They had eight children, five sons and
three daughters. Four of the sons. Henry C, Albert G.. Frank B. and George T. are. with
the father, the surviving members of the family.

WILLIAM B. LOUDEXSLAGER.

William B. Loudenslager, of the firm of Loudenslager Bros., at 1013 Atlantic avenue.
was born in Philadelphia, of German parentage, September 18, 1851, and was one of a
family of seven children. His father for more than thirty years was a butcher in the olil
Spring Garden Market. The son received his education in the public schools and learned
tlie trade of a bookbinder. At the age of twenty-one he opened an office on his own account
at Fifth and Walnut streets, and later at Tenth and Arch, where he conducted the business
successfully for thirteen years. In June, 1885, he sold his bindery and came to Atlantic
City to assist his brother, Henry C. Loudenslager, in the Ashland market, and has been
here ever since. For one term of three years, 1892 to 1895, he served very acceptably as
City Superintendent of Public Schools, and for eight years, 1892 to 1900, he has been a
member of the Board of Health. He has been associated with John L. Young, since 1894,
in beach front enterprises, and has been very successful in real estate transactions. He suc-
ceeded Stewart McShea as President of the Beach Pirates Fire Company, a position which
he still holds, and is a very popular officer.

EDML'XD H. M.VDDEX.

Dr. Edmund H. Madden was born in Millville, July 27. 1843. When two and one-lialf
years old his parents moved to Tuckahoe, where the son was educated in the pay schools
of that period, becoming a surveyor. He attended Pennington Seminary two years and
decided upon the study of medicine. He studied one year with Dr. E. L. B. Wales, the
well-known practitioner at Tuckahoe, and graduated at Jefferson Medical College in 1866.
In November of that year he began practice at Absecon and has continued there ever since.

Dr. Madden, like his father before him, is a life-long Democrat and conservative citi-
zen. He stands high in the profession to which he has devoted his best years. He is a
member of the county and State medical societies and has frequently been mentioned for the
highest elective offices in the county.

He married Miss Temperance C, only daughter of the late Captain Theophilus Weeks,
of Tuckahoe. They have eight children: May, widow of the late John J. Townsend; Eva,
Edmund H.. Jr.. Theophilus. who is associated with his father as a physician: Ho-;ea F.,
Hannali. Lcland S. and Herman Lester.

48S DAILY UXIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

HOSEA F. MADDEN.

Hosea F. Madden, who was elected High Sheriff of Atlantic County in 1852, and was
State Senator at the time of his death, in 1877, was a glassblower by trade. His father,
Hosea Madden, Sr., was born in England in 1785. He came to this country previous to the
war of 1812, and was a member of a company known as the Light Horsemen. He was
thrown from his horse and had a leg broken. He became one of the first manufacturers
of glass at Glassboro, N. J., and later engaged in the same business at Port Elizabeth,
where the son Hosea was born. He married Sarah Stanger, a woman of German birth, and
died in his 38th year.

The son followed the occupation of his father and married Catherine Burch. a native
of Cumberland County.

In 1847, on account of his health, he moved to Tuckahoe and engaged in farming, kept
a general store, dealt extensively in wood and lumber and took an active interest in
public affairs. In 1852 he was elected Sheriff, and in 1874 State Senator. He is remem-
bered as a very courteous and popular citizen and official. He was the father of nine chil-
dren: Edmund H., the well-known physician of Absecon; Braddock B., Thomas B., Sarah,
Josephine, Eva, Catherine. Hope W. and Otis S. All are living except the last, who died
January 23. 1896.

JOHN E. MEHRER.

Col. John E. Mehrer. who for years was the most popular man in Atlantic City, was
born in New York City in 1845. His parents hailed from Wurtenberg, Germany, and
finally removed to Philadelphia. About i860 the young man first came to this city to serve
as barkeeper for the late Col. Adolf Mehler. till his death in 1872. During these twelve years
he had proven his ability as a hotel man and entered the employ of the late Alois Schaufler
as manager of his summer garden. In 1880 he formed a partnership with Adolph Schlecht,
a son-in-law of Mr. Schaufler, and leased the property and business imtil its purchase was
effected, in 1890. Messrs. Schlecht and Mehrer, the same year, became the lessees of the
Inlet Pavilion, to which Col. Mehrer has given his personal attention every summer since.
This successful and harmonious partnership continued until 1899, when the Schaufler prop-
erty was sold. Mr. Schlecht retiring and Col. Mehrer retaining the Inlet business. During
his forty years at the shore till his death on February 28. 1900. Col. Mehrer had always been
an important factor socially and helped to entertain thousands, but would never accept any
public position. He was affiliated with over seventy social, benevolent or business organiza-
tions. A thirty-second degree Mason, an Odd Fellow, an Elk, and a member of many
German societies. He was chief marshal at the dedication of the first boardwalk in 1870,
also at the celebration of the new steel walk in 1896. He was chief marshal at the recep-
tions in this city of the Washington Light Infantry and Fifth Maryland Regiment in years
gone by, w'hen they summered at the shore.

The Mehrer Rifles, a local military company which has since become Company F, Sixth
Regiment, N. G. of N. J., was named in his honor. Col. Mehrer was a director in the
Consumers Water Company, in the Atlantic Lumber Company, and the Gas and Water
Company. He also has important business interests in Philadelphia, and during the winter
months occupied a fine residence at No. 518 North Fifth Street.

Col. Mehrer married Mary Crocket. They have one son, Everett, who married Katie
Schwamb. Little Olga Mehrer is the only child and grandchild in the family.

DANIEL MORRIS.

Col. Daniel Morris, who died in this city on the afternoon of December 21, 1898. was
born near Kingston, in the west of Ireland, in 1819. He was one of a family of five children,
he having one sister and four brotliers. He was more than ordinarily proficient in his

ISKKiKArin. 489

studios, making rapid advancement and graduating as a civil engineer. He came tu America
a young man and first found employment surveying for the first railroads built near Phila-
delphia. He became associated with Patrick O'Rcilley, of Reading, a successful contractor,
and when the C. & A. Ry. was built to this city, in 1854, he came to this island resort to
help survey the railroad and the tow'n. He soon became interested in real estate and was
quite successful, living in a modest way and having no family. He owned at different times
nearly all the beach front from Michigan to North Carolina avenues, which is now worth
millions, also other acres at Chelsea, which are now immensely valuable. Perhaps the most
important real estate transaction with which he was identified was the purchase of the old
Surf House property in 1879, for $30,000. and the subsequent sale of the property in building
lots for more than $100,000. It embraced the entire square between Illinois. Kentucky,
Pacific and Atlantic avenues, and the westerly side of Kentucky avenue from Pacific to the
beach, now worth a million dollars.

Col. Morris became a stockholder in each of the banks and other local corporations.
He never held any public position, but was always much interested in the success of the
Democratic party. He lived a blameless, honorable life, giving of his wealth freely to poor
relatives, to churches and to need}- and worthy persons. Few knew of the quiet benefactions
of this generous man. In 1888 he was one of the Presidential electors of New Jersey on the
Democratic ticket.

Col. Morris for years was the patron and helper of the Morris Guards, a social-military
organization of young men of Atlantic City. He caused to be erected the large Armory
building where drills and social functions are frequently held. This organization has been
a decided advantage to hundreds of young men, and as long as he lived Col. Morris took a
keen interest in the success of the organization. In his will he provided that the Armory
property should continue as such so long as the organization is maintained and its objects
are promoted.

His memory will long be cherished by the disposition which he made by will of his
great fortune, which is estimated at over $500,000. Before he died he built and paid for the
St. Michael Orphan Asylum at Hopewell, N. J. It is a large and beautiful stone structure
dedicated to the orphan boys of this diocese and is conducted under the auspices of the
Catholic Bishop of West Jersey. This industrial school and home cost $75,000, and has
from the residuary estate an endowment fund of $40,000 more.

Forty thousand dollars were set apart for an old man's home and other institutions for
the helpless and worthy were generously remembered. The remains of Col. Morris lie in
a granite vault near the school which for all time will be a blessing to hundreds of orphan
boys. A handsome marble cross rises to mark tlic pure and blessed life work of tliis gen-
erous man whose ashes repose there.

SILAS R. MORSE.

Silas R. Morse, the well-known educator of this city, was born of good family in Liver-
more, Maine, in 1840. As a lad he showed an aptitude for books, and at an early age
passed through all the grades of the public schools. He was a sophomore at Waterville
College when he enlisted during the war of the rebellion, while he was working his way
through college. On reaching Washington he failed to pass the physical examination,
when he came to Hammonton, X. J,, where his sister, Mrs. Ezra Packard, lived. He taught
school successfully at Hammonton and Winslow three years, when he was offered the prin-
cipalship of the schools of Atlantic City in the fall of 1865.

He then married one of his advanced pupils. Miss Mary J., daughter of the late Dr.
Joseph H. North, and made this city his home. He continued as principal of the schools
of this city for eight years, and for seven years Mrs. Morse was one of his assistants.

In 1866 and '67 Mr. Morse was a member of City Council, and was Tax Collector in

490 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

l868-'69. He served eight years as City School Superintendent. In 1877 he succeeded Rev.
George B. Wight as County Superintendent of Schools. To the duties of this position he
gave his best energies for fifteen years. He reorganized and greatly improved the condi-
tion of the schools throughout the county. He introduced a regular course of study in
ungraded country schools and became favorably known far and wide as a school man. He
ha.s been a member of the Atlantic City Board of Education ever since the charter amend-
ments took effect in 1887. He helped to prepare the New Jersey school exhibit for the
World's Fair at Chicago in 1893, and was appointed curator in charge of the exhibit there.
So ably and acceptably did he fill the position that he has been continued as such ever since,
and the exhibit made a permanent one in the State House at Trenton. In 1895 Mr. Morse
was appointed a member of the State Board of Education. He is thoroughly familiar with
the school laws and the public school system of the State, and is a very important adjunct
of the State Superintendent's office.

Mr. Morse has been fortunate in real estate investments during his long residence in
this city, and has a comfortable fortune so that he can devote most of his time and efforts
to educational work.

He spends his summer in :\Iaine, having a camp on the shore of Rangeley lake, anothei
near Wayne pond, with headquarters at the old homestead at Livermore. He is an expert
angler, having had the good fortune in 1896 to catch the largest salmon trout ever hooked
at Rangeley, one weighing 13% pounds.

MILTON L. MUNSON.
Milton L. Munson, M. D., was born at Franklin, Delaware County, N. Y. His early
education was received at the Delaware Literary Institute. He was a druggist in his native
town for several years, till he decided upon the practice of medicine as a profession. He
enterd Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1887, graduating in 1890. and in May
of the same year located in Atlantic City. He enjoys the confidence of his fellow practi-
tioners and the esteem of all who know him as a progressive, public spirited citizen. He is
a member of the Atlantic City Homoeopathic Club, the American Institute of Homoeopathy,
and the New Jersey State Homoeopathic Medical Society.

TOBIAS McCONNELL.
Tobias McConnell, the well-known keeper of the Atlantic County Almshouse and
Asylum at Smith's Landing, was born in Philadelphia, November 24, 1849. He is of Irish
parentage, his father being the late John Logan McConnell, who came to this country before
1830. and for many years was a prominent grocer at Eleventh and Race streets, Philadelphia.
He died in 1855. His mother was Eliza Mulholland, who for her second husband married
Richard Benson and settled at Newtonville, Buena Vista township, in i860, when the subject
of this sketch was about ten years old. They engaged in farming and. excepting a few years,
when Mr. McConnell was employed as a lithographer in Philadelphia, he continued to live
at Newtonville till he was chosen by the Atlantic County board of freeholders for his present
position. He has been a painstaking and popular official. In May, 1874, he married Emma
Louisa Wisham of Burlington County, a descendant of French Huguenots, who found refuge
in America during the close of the last century. They have two sons, Howard Wisham and
Walter Logan.

EDWARD NORTH.
Edward North, M. D., was born in West Waterville, Maine, July 29, 1841. He was
the oldest son of the late Dr. Joseph H. North, of Hammonton. He was educated in the
public -schools of his native town, and Kents Hill Seminary. He graduated from Jefiferson

BIOGKAI'HV. 491

Medical College, Philadolphia, in the spring; of iSuS, prtvious to wliicli lie had been in
mercantile business in Philadclpliia. During the Civil War he was in the iiiilitar>' hospital
at Washington, D. C. He commenced the practice of his profession at Hammonton in i8t).S.
but removed to Jefferson, Wis., in 1870. Owing to sickness he returned to Hammonton the
following year, where he remained until 1880, when he accepted a position with the Ferroil
Iron Company, of Augusta County, West Virginia. There he remained two years, returning
to Hammonton where he remained until his death.

As a successful physician Dr. North stood high among Iiis brethren; as a skilled surgeon,
and fearless operator, he had few equals. He was a member and president of the Atlantic
County Medical Society, and contributed papers of special interest to that body, to the
medical journals and to Gross' System of Surgery. He was an industrious student, careful
and painstaking, keeping abreast with the advancement of medical art. Dr. North
staunch Republican. He represented his party in Atlantic County for years, as cha
of the County Committee, Coroner and member of the Assembly in 1884 and 1885. He was
a thirty-second degree Mason, Past Master of M. B. Taylor Lodge, F. and A. M.. and a
member of other fraternal societies. He was instantly killed at a railroad crossing by an
express train February 11, 1899. He was twice married. By his first wife he had three
daughters.

JAMES NORTH.

Janie> X..nli, M. D.. D. D. S.. was born in West Waterville. Kennebec County. Maine.
September 2. 1S55. Came to Hammonton in 1S59. in wliose schools, together with the State
Normal School at West Chester, Pa., and Bryant & Stratton's Business College in Philadel-
phia, he was educated. He graduated from Jefi'erson Medical College in 1880, and practiced
the profession of medicine in Hammonton for two years with signal success, giving up the
same for the profession of dentistry, taking the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery from
the Philadelphia Dental College in i88.^

He located in Atlantic City in the spring of that year, and has by skill and attention
built up the largest and most lucrative practice in South Jersey. The Doctor is a Past
Grand Chancellor of the Scottish Rite and a thirty-second degree Mason, Past Master of
Trinity Lodge, Past High Priest of Trinity Chapter, Past Sachem of Pequod Tribe. Past
Grand of American Star Lodge, Past Chief of Ocean Castle, Past Regent of the R. A., and
a popular member of some twenty other secret, fraternal and social societies. As a speaker
he has few equals, his speeches being models of beauty and eloquence.

He enjoys the title of "Poet Laureate of Atlantic County," though his reputation as a
master of verse is not limited by its boundaries. The Doctor is a Republican in principle
and profession, but not an office seeker. He was married in 1883 to Miss Cora E. Faunce,
and has two daughters. Marv Eliza and Cora Marguerite.

JOSEPH HENRY NORTH.

Dr. Joseph Henry North. Sr.. was born at Clinton, Maine. August jq, iSii. He grad-
uated from the Bowdoin Medical College at Brunswick, Maine, in the class of '35. with
honors, and commenced the practice of his profession at Belgrade, moving to West Water-
ville, now Oakland, in 1840, where he practiced successfully eighteen years. In 1858 he
moved to Hammonton, N. J. Here he continued the practice of medicine, and at the same
time gave much attention to fruit culture, having one of the finest farms in this section. In
1870 he retired from active practice, and devoted himself to the oversight of his extensive
farm lands.

Dr. North was extensively engaged in the sale and exchange of real estate, and to his
energy Hammonton owes much of its success. He was a skilled physician, as his professional
brethren and the hundreds of his patients throughout Atlantic County can attest. His

402 rxMLY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

reputation was not wholly local, as the charge of the great fever hospitals around Washing-
ton during the Civil War was offered to him. so highly was his skill in the treatment of
fevers held. He was a learned man aside from his professional knowledge, a great student
and brilliant conversationalist. He was married in 1840 to Eliza H., daughter of Hon.
Joseph H. Underwood, of Fayette, who bore him seven children, all of whom are residents
of Atlantic County. He died at the advanced age of 8j, at Hamnionton. September 19. 1893.

RICHARD BOYCE OSBORNE.

Richard Boyce Osborne, the "Father of Atlantic City," who was the civil engineer in
charge of the first survey of the first railroad to this city and the city itself, was born in
London, England, November 3, 1815. He married Eliza Graves, of Philadelphia, November,
1842, and had seven children, five of whom survive him. Mr. Osborne died November 28,
1899, at Glenside, Pa., in his 8sth year. He was eminent in his calling, both in this country
and in England. He was largely influential with the promotors of the first railroad to this
city, in overcoming obstacles which seemed insurmountable. But for him the founding of
this resort might have been postponed many years. Later in life he was engaged in many
important engineering works which added to his well-established plans.

CYRUS F. OSGOOD.

Cyrus F. Osgood, senior member of the shoe manufacturing firm of C. F. Osgood &
Co., of Hammonton, N. J., was born in Auburn, Maine, September 10, 1841. Like many
other Maine boys he taught school a few years, when his own education was considered
finished. At the age of twenty, he went to Lynn, Mass., which, like his native Auburn, was
a shoe-manufacturing town. He speedily found employment, but the war breaking out he
enlisted in the Fourth Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, under Col. King of Boston. He was
with his regiment during its entire term of service, and at the close of the war returned to
Lynn and the shoe business. In 1870 he came to Philadelphia and the following year became
superintendent of a shoe factory at Elwood, N. J. In 1872 he began the manufacture of
shoes in company with Calvin Johnson in Hammonton, where he has lived and prospered
ever since. The present firm owns and occupies a large factory, equipped with up-to-date
machinery and employs over ninety people the year around. This firm also owns and
operates the Hammonton Shoe Co.. a separate business enterprise of the town, which for
years was conducted by another firm.

William J. Smith, the junior partner, before be was of age. was employed by Mr.
Osgood and later taken in as a partner. He has been connected with the business twenty-
one years and has given his best energies to the enterprise.

Mr. Osgood for years has held various local offices. He was Postmaster four years,
chosen freeholder two years, president of the Board of Education, president of the Work-
ingnien's B. & L. Association, director of the bank, and other positions of honor and trust.
He is a Past Commander of Gen. D. A. Russell Post, and a Past Master of the Masonic
Lodge. He has been the candidate of the Democratic party for Assemblyman and State
Senator, and one of the most popular and useful citizens of his town and county. He has
a wife and two children.

L. H. FARKHURST.

L. H. Parkhurst, the town of Hammonton's representative in the County Board of

Freeholders, was born in Ohio in 1845. He gained his early schooling in Milford. Mass..

coming to Hammonton with his parents at the age of twelve and attending school there.

He entered the army and became a first lieutenant at the age of eighteen, and took an active

IU(n",R.\lMlV. 493

part in the closing events ol the reliellion. On heiiig mustered (lUt he went t<i Texas pros-
pecting along the Rio Grande, but returned and became a fruit grower of Haminonton.
where he has prospered ever since. He has been active in town affairs and influential for
the public good. He is president of the Fruit Growers' .Association, in whicli for years
he has been a director.

.lOHX \\'. P.-\RSOXS.

John W. Parsons was born at West Creek, Ocean County, N. J., August 29, 1853. He
attended the public schools at home and at Tuckerton till sixteen years of age, when he went
to sea. He followed a seafaring life for twelve years. At the age of twenty-one, he was
master of a vessel. In 1880 he came to this city to live, finding employment as a carpenter
and builder. For a time he was a member ofthe Absecon Life Saving Crew and later a
police officer, becoming a sergeant of police. In t8qo he collected mercantile licenses for
City Clerk Irelan and was elected to Council from the First Ward, serving three years.
He was appointed by Mayor Stoy as Captain of the City Life Guards the first year this force
was paid by the city.

Since 1895 he has served with great acceptability as Mercantile .Appraiser, a position
■which he continues to hold. His w-ife was Miss Belle, daughter of William Paul, of Mana-
hawkin, N. J. They have a comfortable home in Grammercy Place.

SAMUEL E. PERRY.

Major Samuel E. Perry was born in Huntingdon County. Xew Jersey, in 1S51, and is
a son of Edmund Perry who represented Huntingdon County in the State Senate and was
president of that body in 1861. Major Perry studied law with Jud.ge Randolph of the
Supreme Court and was admitted to practice as an attorney in 1877. and as a counsellor
in 1881.

In 1878 he was Journal Clerk of the House of Assembly, and in 1889 w-as a member of
the Board of Education of Atlantic City. In the same year the Seacoast Artillery was dis-
banded and then a new organization was attempted under the auspices of a number of the
old members. The subject of this sketch was elected captain of the new command, which
was known as Coinpany F, and was merged into the Sixth Regiment.

During his career he has been identified with a number of important trials, notably the
murder case of Burke vs. Tighe. the assault case of the Black Hussars growing out of a
wicked attack on Sheriff Gaunt of Gloucester County. Also the case of Robert Elder, in-
dicted for the murder of his father near Hanimonton, in which he was senior counsel and
associated wMth Judge Endicott. He won a name in his defense of Eva llamilton in .August.
1889. He was counsel of the Board of Freeholders of Hunterdon Count.\ at utk- time, as
well as City Solicitor of Lambertville.

He was delegate to the National Democratic Convention in 1896, at which time William
Jennings Bryan was nominated. He was classed as a gold Democrat and voted with his
delegation as a unit under instructions from the .State convention to vote for a sound
money man.

In 1879 he married Miss Bella Loomis. of Columbia County. New York, who has a
birthright in the D. .\. R.. her great-grandfather having been Major Cousins, who fought
under General Putnam at Bunker Hill. Her mother w.is a schoolmate of Charlotte Cush-
man and a niece of Daniel Webster.

His mother, Mrs. Elizabeth .\. Perry, is still living at an advanced age at her old home
in Hunterdon County. New Jersey. She speaks two or three languages, and at one time
wrote an article against whipping in the Navy, which created a great stir, and Commodore
Stockton is reported to have said that it did more toward abolishing the practice than any

494 DAILY UXIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNT\.

other agency. In her younger days, she was a great musician and a writer of some renown,
under her maiden name of Elizabeth D. White, and articles under her name from her pen
may still be found in the old Columbia magazines and periodicals of her day.

His father, Edmund Perry, was classed with such men as ex-Chancellor Williamson,
ex-United States Senator William Wright, the late Secretary Frederick Frelinghuysen,
John P. Stockton and Frederick C. Potts.

Major Perry was the first exalted ruler of the Benevolent and Protective Order of
Elks of America in Atlantic City. He is an active member of the I. O. O. F., and delivered
the oration at the laying of the corner-stone of Odd Fellows Hall, this city, June 13, 1892.
He is a Red Man, belongs to the Independent Order of Heptasophs, Judge Advocate of the
Third Regiment, ex-Prosecutor of Atlantic County, appointed by Governor Wurts in 1893,
and filled the position acceptably for five years.

CLARENCE PETTIT.

The subject of this sketch was born on the banks of the Maurice River, near Maurice-
town, Cumberland County, N. J. His father was a prominent farmer in that section, and
the son, like many well-known Americans, passed his first years on the farm, attending
school in winter and devoting his spare time to reading and study. Graduating at the public
schools at the age of nineteen, he engaged in teaching for a time and subsequently was em-
ployed by Daniel Loder, a brother-in-law, and by the Cumberland Glass Company o
Bridgeton.

To prepare himself for the law he entered Pennington Seminary, and while there wor
a competitive prize in debate, evincing powers of mind and speech, so essential in his pro-
fession. He was one of the founders of the Dickinson Law Society of Dickinson College,
while a student there, and became a member of the Carlisle Bar while connected with the
office of Hon. Theodore Cornman.

Mr. Pettit was admitted to the New Jersey Bar in February. 1897, and by strict atten
tion to his clients' interests is building up a lucrative business. He takes an active part in
literary and church affairs, and is a member of the governing board of the Central M. E.
Church.

Politically Mr. Pettit is a Democrat, and is a cousin of the late Hon. Leon Abbett,
twice Governor of New Jersey.

WILLIAM M. POLLARD.

William M. Pollard. M. D.. Superintendent of the Public Schools of this city, was born
at Turner, ]Me., in 1855. He finished his academic education at the Nichols Latin School,
in Lewiston. and then taught school for a period of five years. He was principal of the
schools at Port Republic, and at Hammonton. N. J., before he entered Jefferson Medical
College, where he graduated in 1882. He located in this city and has made a speciality of
the diseases of the ear and eye. In 1895 he was chosen Superintendent of the Public Schools,
a position he is well qualified to fill. He was elected president of the Academy of Medicine
in 1898 and 1899.

BENJAMIN WOOD RICHARDS.

Benjamin Wood, son of William Richards, was born at Batsto, November 12, 1797.
He graduated from Princeton College at the age of eighteen, and decided to enter the
ministry of the Presbyterian Church. The delicate condition of his health compelled him to
change his plans and seek health in extended travel through the South and West. At the
age of twenty-two he entered mercantile pursuits in Philadelphia, and becoming interested

mOGKAI'in- 495

in nninicipal affairs, was ck-cted fir>t to Council, ami in iSj; to tlu- Lt-i,'islatiiri-. IK- was
instrumental in securing the tirst appropriation from the State for public schools in Phila-
delphia, and did much for the cause of education. He was one of the original members
of the Board of City Controllers, and was one of the State Cana! Commissioners when he
was chosen Mayor to succeed George U. Dallas, who resigned in 1829. Council elected
the Mayor at that time for a term of one year. He later served two full terms as Mayor,
i830-'32. A life-size portrait of him in oil. by Inman. now^ hangs in the Mayor's private
office in the City Hall. It was presented to the City of Philadelphia by one of his sons,
Benj. Wood Richards, Jr.. at the suggestion of Mayor Stokley. some years ago.

Mayor Richards was one of the founders of the Blind Asylum, an early manager of the
Deaf and Dumb Asylum, a trustee of the University, a metnber of the Philosophical Society.
President Jackson had appointed him a director in the United States Bank and a director
of the Mint, but he resigned these positions on becoming Mayor. During his administra-
tion Stephen Girard died and he became one of the directors of Girard College.

With other prominent citizens, in 1835. he organized the Laurel Hill Cemetery Asso-
ciation and the following year founded the Girard Life Insurance. Annuity and Trust Com-
pany, the first insurance company in America, and was its president until his death. He
was a courageous, benevolent, enterprising man and made a decided impress upon his
associates and the city of his adoption. He was of tall imposing figure, long considered one
of the handsomest men in Philadelphia, as his portrait indicates. He was married in 1821
to Sarah Ann, daughter of Joshua Lippincott, and left seven children, four son? and three
daughters. He died July 12, 1851. aged 53 years. His wife died March 19. 1862. His re-
mains were interred at Laurel Hill.

JOHN RICHARDS.
John Richards, for many years the owner and operator of the Old Gloucester Iron
Works, now a portion of Egg Harbor City, was a second cousin of Samuel Richards, the
owner of Weymouth Iron Works. He was the son of James and Mary Richards, and was
born June 5, 1784. In 1807 he left his home in Pennsylvania and came to Batsto. finding
employment with his great-uncle. William Richards. He later became assistant manager
and for sixteen years chief manager of Weymouth Works, then owned by Joseph Ball and
his associates, the founders. In 1830, ten years after the death of Ball, he formed an equal
partnership with Thomas S. Richards and purchased of Samuel Richards the Gloucester
estate comprising some 17.000 acres of iron bogs and timber lands for $35,000. The per-
sonal estate purchased cost $15,000 more. The property then included a saw and grist mill,
an iron furnace capable of producing twenty-five tons of iron weekly. Stoves, lamp posts
and other articles were made there to advantage for more than twenty years. In 1854 John
Richards sold his Gloucester interests to Dr. Henry Schmoele of Philadelphia and removed
to his country seat. "Stowe." in Montgomery County, Pa., where he died November 29.
1871. He was the father of seven children.

SAMUEL RICHARDS.

I'.v Charles R. Coi.wki.l.
A history of the development and improvement of South Jersey during the past fifty
years, failing to do justice to the part taken by Samuel Richards, formerly of Jackson, in
Camden County, would be indeed incomplete. Although a merchant of Philadelphia for
many years and of late a resident there, his interests were thoroughly identified with Xcw
Jersey and his efforts toward the improvement of what is usually called South Jersey were
unceasing.

Of vigorous and handsome physique, marked personality, untiring energy, he was a
t.orthy descendant of a line of ancestry distinguished for the same qualities. Of most

496 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

sanguine temperament, his plans weix matured with rare judgment, and although always
years in advance of public opinion, the progress of events has never failed to prove that
Samuel Richards' schemes were well founded and in the right direction.

Of great ingenuity, he was inventor and owner of a number of valuable patents, more
than sufficient to prove that, if his talents had been given a fit opening in that direction, he
would have taken a high place among inventors.

As early as 1850 he began to plan for a railroad across New Jersey, in part with a view
to benefiting the existing glass and iron industries which languished under the difficulties of
transportation, partly for the development of the vast tracts of land lying idle in Camden
and Atlantic Counties, lands then generally deemed useless for agricultural purposes, and
also with the intent to establish a seaside resort upon the beach front.

Long Branch at the upper end of the New Jersey coast and Cape May at the southern
extremity had been favorite resorts for many years, because accessible by boat, but the
whole extent of the beach front between was a barren waste.

Along the fast land, bordering on the salt marsh, which separates the beach from the
"shore," there was, for almost the whole length of the coast, a strip of improved land. The
inhabitants were usually either marines, fishermen, oystermen or in some way connected
with the sea. There was much wealth among them. As they had been so long completely
isolated, it was to be expected that they would welcome and assist in building a railroad
which would bring them into direct communication with Philadelphia. Mr. Richards
worked unceasingly at his plan for a railroad across the State and finally, in the face of
almost insurmountable difficulties, brought it to a successful issue.

It has not been shown that the inhabitants of the Jersey shore failed to welcome the
railroad, but the records show that they did very little to assist in the construction of it.
In this, the solitary item of the financial aid expected to be derived from this source, Mr.
Richards' expectations and calculations were proved to be much in error. It was, however,
quite in character with the man to be unable to allow for so great caution or lack of appre-
ciation of prospective benefits.

It cannot be successfully denied that Samuel Richards was the orinigator of the first
railroad to the Jersey coast, or that he was the founder of Atlantic City and of the Camden
and Atlantic Land Company, which has done so much for the city.

It has never been questioned that he was the originator and creator of the second rail-
road to Atlantic City, the building of which has made Atlantic City what it is and which
enabled it to establish a record for continuous and uninterrupted prosperity and increase
of values almost unequalled by any other city.

This second railroad was built in the face of natural difficulties equalling those en-
countered in his previous efifort and proceeding from the same cause, i. e., the difficulty of
imparting his own forethought to others less gifted. In addition it was necessary to en-
counter and overcome a most bitter and determined opposition aroused in those interested
in the first railroad, who believed its prosperity to be threatened. All this Mr. Richards
did, almost unaided in the actual work and at times impeded by dissensions within the new
company.

In the building of this road, fifty-four miles in length, he accomplished the then un-
heard of feat of grading, laying the track and opening it for business in ninety days from
the time work was begun upon it.

This road, after the vicissitudes common to such enterprises, passed into the control of
the Reading Railroad and was the origin and foundation of that magnificent double track
line now known as the Atlantic City Railroad.

His enterprise, perseverance and ingenuity caused the building of the first railroad
across the State, and this rendered possible the establishment of Hammonton, Egg Harbor
City, Elwood, Atco and many other flourishing towns. In this sense he was the founder of
each and all of these. The opening of Atlantic County by the first railroad to the coast was
the first cause of the explosion of the belief that Jersey land was worthless for agricultural

!'.l()(,K.\rin 497

purposes. Mr. Richards' enterprise rendered possible the planting and protiiable enlture
of the many thousands of acres in grapes, berries, fruits, and truck larnis in .\tlantic and
adjoining counties.

Mr. Richards for several years occui)ied tlie position of Assistant President of the
Camden and Atlantic Railroad. Durini; this time he was, in fact, the executive oflicer of
the road.

Among many other marked improvements introduced by liim into the m.-inagement.
conducive to extension of the business and greater economy, was the attention he gave to
the prevention of forest fires, which had been set by the locomotives of this road in great
number and most destructive in extent. He gave the closest personal attention to this
matter, aiming to procure the best apparatus for arresting sparks from locomotives, to see
that, after being procured, they were used, and to disciplining locomotive engineers and
firemen guilty of negligence in this regard or, as was then not infrequently the case, of
purposely setting fires.

For his effort in this direction. Mr. Richards deserves the gratitude of every one in-
terested in the preser\-ation of the forests of New Jersey. Although destructive fires from
this cause have continued to be frequent up to the present time, he was the first person,
perhaps the only one, connected with railroad management to give this matter attention.
By his efforts a large extent of forest which, at the rate it was being destroyed, would un-
doubtedly have been burned with the rest, has been preserved up to the present time. If
the Camden and Atlantic Railroad had then been made to pay for the damage done by
fires set by its locomotives, as it would be at this time, it would have gone far to b:inkrupt
the struggling concern. Immediately upon ^Ir. Richards" assumption of the executive
office there was a decided decrease in the number of fires set, and this state of things con-
tinued during his term in office.

One of Mr. Richards marked peculiarities was his inability to look on at the doing of

any difficult piece of work without showing a disposition to assist in. as well as. direct it

a disposition he not infrequently indulged.

This with his unfailing kindness and justice to those under his control made him a
most popular officer. Although so many years have passed since he ceased to have official
connection with either railroad, he is remembered with affection by the old emploj-ees.
So long as he lived, they never ceased to inquire for his welfare.

It would be impossible within the space of this necessarily brief sketch to do justice
to the genius, talents and many excellent qualities of this remarkable man. Enough has
been said to demonstrate that no other man has done as much for the development of South
Jersey as Samuel Richards.

He was best appreciated by those who knew him best.

JOHX COLLINS RISLEV.

John Collins Risley, the good-natured real estate man. who holds forth in the office
known as Risley and Cavileer, 131 1 Atlantic avenue, was born at Smith's Landing in 1S57.
Educated in the county schools, he came to Atlantic City in the summer of 1877 and
worked in the Atlantic market for two years. He then entered the employ of the P. R. R.
and continued with that corporation for six years. He next became an attache of the
Daily Union, remaining for two years. For four years he was in the employ of I. G. Adams
& Co., and having a liking for the real estate business, he became associated with Clifton
C. Shinn, Esq.. in the firm of Shinn & Risley, the partnership continuing for two years.
The firm was then dissolved and the subject of our sketch for a year carried on the business
alone. Then he and \V. K. Cavileer formed a partnership which is infiuenlial not only in
real estate, but insurance and conveyancing as well. He is interested in promoting up-town
property and to him belongs much of the credit of its improved condition.

498 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

JOHN J. ROCHFORD.

John J. Rochford, proprietor of the Rochford Hotel Apartment House of this city^
was born in New York City in 1854. When a young man he went west with his father,
the late Robert B. Rochford, who was a contractor for the erection of State and county-
buildings in Wisconsin, Illinois, Nebraska and Wyoming. Selecting medicine as his pro-
fession, the subject of this sketch devoted two years to preparatory study in the city of
Omaha. When, the vast mineral wealth of the Black Hills country was discovered, in 1875,
he went there with thousands of others and became identified with the organization and
developing of what have since become the best known and most profitable mining proper-
ties there. He suffered financially like thousands of others from the great slump in mining
interests and the financial depression consequent upon the demonetization of silver. There
was an exodus from the Black Hills during the years 1888, '89, '90. Mr. Rochford came to-
Chicago, w^here he became interested in an institution for the cure of inebriety and a craving
for narcotics.

At the solicitation of Eli C. Woodward, in 1893, he came to Atlantic City, where it
was proposed to build a sanitarium, capitalized at $25,000 and promoted by Drs. Willard.
Wright, T. P. Waters and Job Somers. The business was conducted successfully for a
year and remarkable cures effected, but the full development of the enterprise failed when
Mr. Rochford organized a sanitarium association with a broader scope and incidentally to
meet the needs of this city for an emergency hospital.

The first year, 1894, the Carrolton, on New York avenue, was leased and a contract
made with the city for $500 rent and $5 per week for all cases treated for the city.

The purchase of the Margate property at Pacific and Mt. Vernon avenues enabled Mr.
Rochford and associates the four years following to conduct a successful sanatorium busi-
ness and to give the city excellent hospital and dispensary service. The latter becoming
the unprofitable and objectionable feature of this institution Mr. Rochford, at considerable
expense to himself, called a meeting of representative citizens and helped to organize the
present hospital association with a board of fifteen governors with the view of a separate,
independent institution. He encouraged the purchase of the Henry J. White property on
Ohio avenue and co-operated cheerfully and generously with the board of governors who
were selected and organized in his house at his suggestion. The sanatorium was finally dis-
solved, Mr. Rochford becoming the sole owner, and the property converted into the present
fine hotel apartment house, the first and only one of its kind on the island.

In 1882 Mr. Rochford married Emma J. Riley, of Chicago. They have one child, Miss
Mabel, a young lady.

JAMES RYON.

James Ryon, of Smiths Landing, was the oldest son and third child of the late Pardon
Ryon and Elizabeth Adams, who settled at Smiths Landing early in the century. He was
born in 1830. The father was a farmer and store keeper, and the son has been a prosperous
farmer all his life. He married Caroline, daughter of the late Absalom Cordery, of Abse-
con, and raised a family of five children, three sons and two daughters. The sons are Wil-
lard, Edward and Lewis, and the daughters, Anna and Elizabeth.

Mr. Ryon has been one of the best known and most highly respected citizens of his
native town all his life. While holding no prominent public position he has been a pros-
perous, useful citizen, a liberal supporter of the church and public schools and every worthy
cause.

PARDON RYON.
Pardon Ryon. of Smiths Landing, was born where he has always lived, on May 22,
1839. He was the youngest son of the late Pardon Ryon and Elizabeth Adams. The
father was born in Connecticut, and came to Atlantic County early in the century, settling

BI(1(,K. \rHV. 499

■on the shore and engaging- in farming and keeping a CDnnlry sture. There were eight ehil-
dren: ^Marietta, who ni. Peter Tilton; Enieline. who ni. John Cordery: James, who ni.
Caroline Cordery: Alice, who m. Elijah Adams; Caroline, who m. Samuel Cordery; Matilda,
who d. when a young woman: Eliza, who m. Bowan Tilton, and the subject of this sketch,
who m. Emeline. daughter of the late John Frambes.

After completing his education in the district schools. Panlnn Kycm eng.iged in fann-
ing, and for thirty years kept a general merchandise store at the old li.imeste.id, where he
prospered and was widely known, honored and respected as a goiid citizen and a business
man of the strictest integrity.

He raised a family of three sons: John, who ni. Manie Ireland: Frank, who m. Clara
Treen, and Arthur. The sons follow the occupation of the father ;ind live at Smiths
Landing.

ALOYSIUS SCFlAUFLFt-i.

The pioneer German citizen and resident on this island was Aloysius, better known as
Alois Schanfler. He came here before the railroad, as early as 1852, many times walking
the entire distance between the Delaware and the sea. He was born in Baden Baden, Ger-
many, in 1818, in humble circumstances. In 1848, when thirty years old. he became in-
volved with many others of liberal, independent views, in resisting the oppressions of the
Prussian King, and considered himself fortunate to escape with his life and come to
America. He found employment in Philadelphia, three or four years before coming to this
city. He was poor and never had educational advantages and struggled under great dis-
advantages at first till fortune favored him. "Jordanville." oceanward from JMaine avenue,
was his first hotel or restaurant. Later, through the encouragement of Judge Joseph Porter,
he started a hotel near the railroad station at North Carolina avenue, which developed in a
few years into Schautler's Hotel and summer garden, that entertained members of the best
families of Philadelphia and Washington.

To Mr. Schaufler's second w'ife, Barbetta Schercher. much credit is due for his pros-
perity and success. Her excellent management made the hotel popular. Adjacent prop-
erties were purchased till nearly an entire square was included, and the hotel several times
enlarged and improved. The real estate which he secured for a few thousand dollars has
recently been sold for more than $100,000.

In 1871 he was elected a member of Council. He was a man of progressive ideas and
helped to build the turnpike over the meadow's, to grade and extend Arctic avenue and make
the city more attractive to visitors. By his second wife, Barbetta Schercher, there were
three children: Annie, who married Adolph Schlecht; Dr. Charles, a veterinary surgeon of
Philadelphia, and Caroline, who is married and lives in Philadelphia. He had several
brothers who followed him to America. He died at his liome in this city in 1881. a third
wife and several younger children also surviving him.

LEWIS PEXXIXGTOX SCOTT.

Lewis Pennington Scott, our popular County Clerk, is a descendant of two well-known
Jersey families. His father, the late John Hancock Scott, of Burlington City, was a de-
scendant of Henry Scott, one of the London Ten Commissioners who secured from the
Crown 10,000 acres of American soil in what is now Burlington County. John Hancock,
Scott was a contractor and railroad builder. He had the contract to build the glass works
at Estellville, this county, in 1834. for John and Daniel Estell. when he formed the acquain-
tance of Miss Mary, daughter of John Pennington, of Mays Landing, who became his
■wife. He died in southern Virginia, in 1874, where he had a contract to build a section o£
railroad. The mother is still living.

500 DAILY UXIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

The subject of this sketch was the youngest of nine children, and was born in the city
of Burlington, February 9, 1854. He was educated in the public schools of Philadelphia,
and for several years was an actor of considerable promise, and for a number of years a
commercial traveler in the carpet trade. He came to Atlantic City in 1888, forming a part-
nership with William A. Bell, under the firm name of Bell & Scott. In 1895 he was elected
County Clerk for a term of five years, and is more than likely to be his own successor. His
administration of the office has been marked by decided reforms in having the records of
the office double-inde.xed and all the work conducted in a strictly up-to-date manner.

Mr. Scott is largely interested in real estate, and has been very successful. By his first
wife he has one daughter, Isabelle G. Scott. For his second wife, he married Catherine,
eldest daughter of Captain Daniel Gififord, of Mays Landing, and has three children, Giflford.
Lewis and Daniel.

HENRY S. SCULL.

Harry S. Scull is a native of .\tlantic County, having been born at Leeds Point in 1849.
He is the son of Lewis W. and Esther Smith Scull. In the common schools he received
his early education, and in 1865 he entered the Quaker City Business College, graduating
in 1867. In the same year he was engaged by Curwin. Stoddart & Brother of Philadelphia,
where he remained until 1881. Hood. Bonbright & Company were his next employers until
1884. He then retailed dry goods in Camden until 1886. when he came to this city and
opened a dry goods store. In 1895. he embarked in the real estate and insurance busi-
ness. He was a member of the Board of Health from 1890 to 1898, and secretary of the
same body four years. Since 1890 he has been a member of the County Board of Elections,
and has been secretary of the Board since the first passage of the ballot reform law.

He is secretary of the Ventnor Dredging Company and has been engaged in reclaiming
the low lands of Chelsea and Atlantic City for several years. He has always taken a deep
interest in matters affecting the health and well-being of the community, and is connected
-with the State Sanitary Association. American Public Health Association, and was State
■delegate to the National Pure Food and Drug Congress which lasted four days and had
for its object the passage of a bill by Congress providing for governmental control of food,
drugs, etc. He is one of the governors of the Atlantic City hospital, and is a popular
citizen. On October 18. 1868. he married Miss Mary A. Bruna. of Philadelphia. They
have nine children; Florence E.. wife of Isaac Bacharach; Lewis B.. Maie E.. Harry
DeMar. Nan B.. Frank R.. Emil C. Charles L. and Helene M.

LEWIS W. SCULL.

Lewis W.. son of Paul and Sarah Steelman Scull, was born at Leeds Point. N. J.,
May 2. 1819. He was educated in the pay schools of Galloway township, and at the age
of twenty-one entered the service of the United States, sailing in the brig Washington,
under command of Commodore Sands, U. S. N., who was at that time engaged in the
work of the Coast and Geodetic survey. He continued in this service five years. In 1846
he married Esther S., daughter of Steelman Smith, a soldier of the war of 1812.

:Mr. Scull was a teacher in the district schools of Galloway for a number of years, and
was appointed Postmaster at Leeds Point under President Buchanan, holding the office
for four years. For twenty years or more he held elective local offices. Township Clerk,
Township Committeeman, Assessor or Collector.

From 1858 to 1865 he was a resident of Atlantic City for a greater portion of the year,
where he was engaged in the house painting business, and was one of the original grocers
of Atlantic City, opening a store in April. 1858. under the firm name of Scull & Barstow,
at the corner of Atlantic avenue and ^lansion House Alley, in the basement of the Barstow

P.lOCiRAPHV. &01

House, moving from tliere to tlu-ir new store buildiiiK at the nortliwest corner oi Atlantic
and Pennsylvania avenues in June of tlie same year.

Mr. Scull came from good old Revolutionary stock; his mother being a daughter of
Capt. Zephaniah Steelman, and a niece of Major John StecUnan, both holding commis-
sions in the Third Battalion. Gloucester County Militia. Un his paternal side his ancestry
dates back to the fifteenth century. Sir John Scull being one of the original twelve Norman
Knights created by Duke Robert of Normandy, for gallant services rendered him. during
the insurrection excited in his favor, and which resulted in securing a large portion of
Old England to the Duke's family. A couple of centuries later, or. to be e.xact. in 1685,
John and Nicholas Scull came to America in the good ship "Bristol Merchant." Nicholas
located in Pennsylvania and later became Surveyor General for that State. John Scull
located first on Long Island, and later moved to Great Egg Harbor and became one of tlic
valued citizens of that day. Mr. Scull lived to the good old age of 80 years. His death oc-
curring in October. i8g8.

He had two children: Ellar M.. nho died in 1S7S. and Harry S., the well-kn.iwn resident
and official of this city.

WILSON SENSEMAN.

Wilson Senseman. the well-known real estate agent of this city, was born in German-
town. Pa.. May 10. 1848. He was educated in the public schools, in the Philadelphia Sem-
inary and at Nazareth Hall, conducted by the Aloravians in Northampton County, Pa.
After graduating he took a course in Fairbank's Business Academy before entering the
service of the dry goods firm of Ludwig, Kneedler. Jr.. & Co.. where he continued for
twenty-one years. On account of his health he moved to Atlantic City to reside permanently
in 1886, having been a summer cottager here for many years previously. He o;^ened a real
estate office at 1030 Atlantic avenue and has conducted a successful business ever since.

In 1872 he married Miss Ida Conderman. and they have one son. Theodore Senseman.
who is a successful young physician.

At the March election, in 1891. Mr. Senseman was elected .Alderman by a good majority
on the Democratic ticket, and was at once chosen President of Council. He discharged the
duties of his position with ability and impartiality that met with very cordial appreciation.
During this same year he was appointed by Gov. Abbott one of the Lay Judges of the
county to succeed Judge Enoch Cordery. deceased, and the following year was reappointed
for a full term. He served with dignity and aceptability till the law providing for lay
judges was repealed. Mr. Senseman is an active member of the First Presbyterian Church
and a citizen of positive views on all public questions. He is descended from influential
Moravian families and has the courage of his convictions.

WILLIAM ERNEST SHACKELFORD.
William Ernest Shackelford, who is largely identified with the business life of this city,
w-as born February 19. 1871. in Columbus. Ohio. At the age of five years, his father died,
leaving the sole responsibility for his care to his mother, who moved at once to Lancaster.
Pa. Six years later we find young Shackelford, who even at this age was evidencing the
traits which have already brought him prosperity, employed at Sharpless Brothers. Phila-
delphia, to which city he and his mother had removed. From this house he went to the
office of the Land Title and Trust Company, where he remained two years. Opening bil-
liard and pool parlors, he conducted the same until 1895. during which years he became very
popular among the younger set. and at the time of his departure for Harrisburg to engage
in the same business, he was regarded as the champion billiard player of Pennsylvania and
had made fine records in gunnmg and swimming, being always deeply interested in sports

502 DAILY UXIOX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

of all kinds. It was in January. 1S96. that he came to Atlantic City, and on the 12th of
October of the same year he married Emma, daughter of Captain John L. Young, the pier
magnate. Mr. Shackelford had in the meantime been installed as manager of the Young
Amusement Company, and has since looked after the interests of his father-in-law both on
Y'oung's Pier and at the Carousel at South Carolina avenue and the Boardwalk. Mr. and
Mrs. Shackelford have been blessed with a son, a chubby youngster, born May 15, 1899, and
the "living image" of his mother. Their married life has been one glad, sweet song, and
their home one of the coziest and happiest in the city. Mr. Shackelford traces his ancestry
back to 1634 in the city of London. His great-great-grandfather was at one time Lord
Mayor of the metropolis of England. While his genealogy discloses prominent English
connections, yet Mr. Shackelford feels that his family may lay claim to being pure Ameri-
cans, as three or four generations have claimed this countrj- as the land of their nativity.

HAR\'EY J. SHUMWAY,

Harvey J. Shumway, the well-known architect, was born in Belchertown, Mass., No-
vember 27, 1865. He finished his education at Rutger's College, New Brunswick, N. J., in
the class of 1888. He opened an ot¥ice in this city in 1895 and has been very busily employed
ever since. Some of the buildings which he has designed and supervised are the Thompson
Irvin department store, the Hotel Chelsea, the Hotel Grand View, and some thirty or more
cottages, stores and business blocks. He is a painstaking, conscientious and up-to-date
architect.

THOMAS J. SMITH.

Thomas -J. Smith is the son of James and Mary (Jones) Smith, of Steuben, Maine. Of
his own family none survive: but two half-brothers still live: James Smith, of Hammonton,
and Edward Kent Smith, who has never left the town of his birth.

Job Smith, their grandfather, and the first of the line of whom we have record, was
born in Middleboro, Mass., and there married Diadama Booth. He moved to Taunton,
Mass., and from there to Steuben, Maine (179^)- for the purpose of dealing in lumber and
establishing saw-mills on the many swift running rivers in that section of the country.

The sons, William, Eben and Stephen, were members of the State Legislature at differ-
ent times as representatives from Washington County,

Thomas Jones, his grandfather on his mother's side, is a descendant of a Governor of
Massachusetts, was born in Princeton, Mass., and married Sarah Whitcomb. As a boy at
Lexington, Mass., he witnessed the first conflict between the British and American forces,
the opening gun of the Revolution, and died in Steuben, December, 1864.

Col. Asa Whitcomb, father of Mrs. Sarah Whitcomb Jones, and great-grandfather on
the maternal side of Thomas J. Smith, was prominent in Colonial times. He was one of the
much extolled fifty-four representatives of Massachusetts Bay Colony, wjiose refusal to
obey the mandates of the English King contributed to bring on the Revolution. He was
afterwards Colonel of the Fifty-third Massachusetts Regiment, and was one of Washing-
ton's trusted advisers, and was several times mentioned eulogistically in his general orders.
His brother, John Whitcomb, Major-General of the New England Militia, was the New
England candidate for Commander-in-Chief against Washington, but withdrew on account
of his advanced age, in favor of the younger Virginian.

Lieutenant William Moore, another ancestor on the maternal side, served with dis-
tinction during the Revolution, and remained in the regular army after that conflict, joining
the Society of the Cincinnati.

Thos. J. Smith was born in Steuben, Washington County, Maine, February 25, 1820,
and has had a somewhat varied career. He attended the village school until a boy of four-

also a desc

endant

Rev

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■d ill Steubo

11 and

1 sc\

,-er

Ts. also To

wii C<

)llf.

.•tor

BIOGKAPIIV. 503

tctn, when his grandparciit-;. wishing; him to become a sea captain, sent him with his uncle.
Capt. Jefferson Jones, as cal)in boy on a voyage to New Orleans. Returniiiv; he spent sev-
eral months in Boston, but decided to give up a sea-faring life, and came home tn learn the
trade of a mason and builder.

During the northeast boundary disputes. comiiKuily rememberecl in that section as the
"Aroostook War," he enlisted and was made a sergeant, but the trouble was linally ^ettIed
without bloodshed.

Soon returning home, and when only eighteen years of age. he engaged in mercantile
trade, cutting and shipping timber by ve-sel to Boston, and bringing back dry goods and
groceries to supply his store.

January 20. 1842, he married Thankful Haskell Clcav
tionary stock, and who is still living. For eight years he
offices of importance, being School Agent for several
Treasurer.

In 1850 he moved to the adjoining town of Millbridge. and for ten years held the office
of Constable. He says. "I held the office of Constable all the time I lived in Millbridge.
about the same as Deputy Sheriff in New Jersey — I had the same fees as Sheriff, but could
not charge above two hundred ($200) dollars on any one suit — I held the office under the
Neal Dow Law, and destroyed more or less liquor." Being attracted by glowing accounts
of the salubrious climate, and also the great natural fertility of the soil of south New Jersey,
he left Maine in i860, with his wife and seven children, and settled in Hammonton, New
Jersey. He bought what was then called "The Penobscot House," soon afterwards build-
ing a home on \"ine street, where he lived with his family for twenty years or more.

He was engaged in the lumber and contracting business for many years, and has been
closely identified with the growth of Hammonton in many ways, holding positions of trust,
being a Justice of the Peace for five years, and a Director of the Building Association for
twenty-five years: also a Director of the People's Bank. He is still active, though nearly
eighty years of age, in looking after his property interests. He is a member of the Pres-
byterian Church, and was for a number of years its chorister. In political belief he has
always been a strong and consistent Republican.

His family consists of Gilbert L., who enlisted in the war of the Reliellion at the age
■of twenty-one, was wounded in the battle of the Wilderness, and died at home two years
later; Augustus J., who was for seventeen years clerk of Hammonton, and for the past
thirty years actively connected WMth the financial institutions of that place. He married
Mary B. Quinn. and has a family of three sons and two daughters and three grandsons;
lately moved to Ocean City, X. J., where he is the leading ice and coal dealer. Mary J.,
the wife of Henry D. Moore, of Haddonfield, N. J., has raised a family of three sons and
two daughters, and has nine grandchildren. Elnathan H.. who also enlisted in the war of
the Rebellion at the age of fifteen, was wounded at the battle of the Wilderness, and died two
months later in Libby Prison Hospital. -Antoinette, who was married to Capt. Frank Tom-
lin, resides in Hammonton. and has two sons. Harriet J., who became the wife of Curtis
S. Newcomb. also resides in Hammonton. William J., the youngest, who married Abbie
S. Hudson, has one daughter, and is a member of the firm of C. F. Osgood & Co.. of Ham-
monton. N. J., the most successful shoe manufacturers in southern New Jersey, and one of
the leading financial men of that place; and has large interests in the Building Association
and People's Bank, of which he is a Director.

Thos. J., the subject of our sketch, has had seven children, thirteen grandchildren, and
twelve great-grandchildren, making a total of thirty-two. and during the fifty-eight years of
his married life has lost only two sons, Gilbert and Elnathan. and one grandson, Gilbert H.
Moore. A remarkable record when coupled with the fact that the two sons died from
-wounds and exposure in the array, and not from diseases contracted at home.

504 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

RICHARD SOMERS.

Captain Richard Somers, who gave his brave young life for his country in the harbor
of TripoH on the night of September 4, 1804, was born at Somers Point, September 15, 1778.
He finished his education in the city of Burlington, and entered the navy as a midshipman,
in 1803. He saw his first actual service during the naval war with France, which began in
1798. He was a midshipman on the frigate United States, Captain John Barry, and among
the other officers were David Ross, James Barron, Charles Stewart (Parnell's grandfather),.
Stephen Decatur, Jr.: Jacob Jones, James R. Caldwell and William Montgomery Crane, all
of whom attained distinction. The frigate took two Frenchmen, the Amour de la Patrie
and the Tartufe, but was otherwise inactive. Then the war with Tripoli came on, and it

COL. RICHARD SOMERS' MANSION AT SOMERS' POINT.

was there that Somers proved how sweet and fitting a thing it is to die for one's native land.

Returning to Philadelphia he took command of one of the Government armed schooners
called the Nautilus, of about 160 or 170 tons burden, mounted with twelve 18-pound car-
ronades and two sixes, with a crew of 90 to 100.

In the engagement of August 3, 1804, before the harbor of Tripoli, Somers was in
command of the first of the six gunboats. In each of the five attacks that were made Somers
distinguished himself. When he found that he could not get at the enemy through the
eastern passage to the harbor he pitched into the Tripolitan gunboats at the northern en-
trance, chased them away and up to within a hundred yards of a big twelve-gun battery
which the enemy had not dared to use for fear of hitting his own flying boats.

When the American turned to go back there was nothing standing between him and
destruction, but just at the critical moment an American shell exploded in the battery, blew

I'.IOCKAl'llV. 505

up the platform and did ?o niucli daina^je that Schikts ami his mon were safe before a re-
covery could be had. The morning of August 7 the attack was renewed by bombardment.
Right in the middle of it the John Adains hove in sight bringing the news of Somcrs' pro-
motion. Augu.st 24 and September 3 other attacks were made.

Soniers conceived a bold and daring undertaking for the liberation of his fellow coun-
trymen then held as prisoners. His thoughts he communicated to Com. Preble, his superior
officer; who in turn consulted with Decatur. Stewart and other commanders in the squadron.
The plan was accepted, a ketch prepared, one hundred barrels of gunpowder emptied in a
bulk in her hold: on her deck was placed large quantities of balls and missies of different
kinds and sizes with fuses properly prepared, to explode in the inner harbor of Tripoli.

Several starts were made upon an enterprise, the desperation of which was perfectly-
well know^n to all who took part in it. Finally a night sufficiently dark for the purpose
came, on September 4. Somers was in command, and he had sworn never to be taken alive;
Henry Wadsworth. a midshipman, from whom his nephew, the poet Longfellow, was
named; Joseph Israel, another midshipman, who had been refused permission to go. but
hid himself aboard and was permitted to remain, and ten sailors, four from the Nautilus
and six from the Constitution, made up the equipment.

The Intrepid passed into the darkness. The minutes seemed hours to the anxious
officers on the fleet outside. It left at eight o'clock, and a few minutes later every battery
in the harbor was ablaze at the intruder. At ten o'clock Stewart and Carroll, standing on
the deck of the Siren, saw a dim light moving in a waving line as if being carried along a
ship's deck. It disappeared in a moment and an instant later there was a terrific explosion.
One of the enemy's largest boats was blown up filled with soldiers, and two others were
badly shattered.

From that moment to the present time, the fate of Master Commandant Somers and
his brave crew have remained in darkness to the American nation. Such brave and patriotic
acts of Somers and his brave crew could not pass unrecognized by the officers of Com.
Preble or the American nation. In the year of 1805. the officers of the Mediterranean squad-
ron caused to be erected at the west front of the National Capitol, of Italian marble, a
beautiful monutnent forty feet high, in a very elaborate style. Upon its summit stands the
American eagle guarding the escutcheon of American liberty and preparing, seemingly, tc>
wing his flight heavenward.

Thus stood this monument, until the burning of Washington by the British in 1814,
when it was very much defaced and injured. In after years by an act of Congress it w-as in
a very great degree restored to its original beauty, then transferred to the grounds of the
Naval Academy at Annapolis, where it now stands a living monument, erected to the
memory of one of the sons of New Jersey; yes. to one of the boys of Soniers Point, who
in about six and one-half years caused his name to be written high on the roll of fame in
our country's history.

WALTER C. SOOV.
Walter C. Sooy. M. D.. was born at .\bsecon. N. J.. September 21. 1869. and completed
his public school education by graduating from the Atlantic City High School. He grad-
uated from Hahnemann Medical College in the class of 1890, and opened his office in this
city, at once building up a successful business. He is an active member of the Homoeo-
pathic Club and is liighly esteemed by his associates and all who know him. He is happily
married to Miss .\lida H. Thomas, of Cape May County.

JAMES DOBBINS SOUTHWICK.
James Dobbins Southwick was born in \'incentown. Burlington County. December
25, 1859. His parents. Joseph and Buelah L. Southwick. were members of the Society of
Friends. He graduated from the public schools in 1878. and six years later came to .\tlantic

-506 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

City, as niaiKiger of the Hotel Sliellnirnc, a position which he has filled successfully ever
since. The popularity and success of The Shelburne is largely due to the painstaking and
up-to-date management of Mr. Southwick, He is a member of several fraternal and bene-
ficial societies, and is a popular host and entertainer. He is a staunch Republican in poli-
tics, as such he was elected Alderman, ex-ofTicio member of City Council in 1896, and has
been re-elected each year since, serving four terms. In 1892 he married Deborah Kinnard
and has one child, a daughter, Mary K. Southwick. He is a public spirited citizen, actively
interested in all enterprises projected to advance the interests of this resort. He is chair-
man of the County Board of Registration and one of the governors of the City Hospital.

AUGUST STEPHANY.

August Stephany was born in Nordhausen, Germany, December 16, 1841. He came
to America in 1858, and for seven years was employed in the ofRce of the New York Staats
Zeitung. In 1865 he removed to Egg Harbor City, which was then almost in its infancy.
He was largely instrumental in building up this German settlement and was a hard worker
in advancing its growth. From 1870 up till the time he was admitted to the bar, in Feb-
ruary, 1881, he held the positions of City Clerk and Justice of the Peace. He then opened
a law office in Atlantic City, and on January i. 1884, formed a partnership with the late
Harry L. Slape, and the law firm of Slape & Stephany continued up to Mr. Slape's death,
in 1887. On January i, 1895, he established the law firm of A. Stephany & Son, Robert E.
Stephany being the junior member, which existed until the death of the elder Mr. Stephany.
The deceased was the first president of the Atlantic County Bar Association and a prominent
member of many societies. He was City Solicitor of Egg Harbor City for many years, and
was connected with the Egg Harbor Commercial Bank and other business institutions.
About 189s he removed from his home in Egg Harbor City and became a permanent resi-
dent in Atlantic City, where he continued the active practice of his profession until his
■death, on June 9, 1898.

On his death, the Atlantic County Bar Association adopted the following resolutions:

"The Atlantic County Bar Association, in meeting assembled by call, beg to present
their most respectful and personal condolence to the family of Mr. Stephany in their great
"bereavement.

"It will be allowable to say that not only our local bar, but that of the State has suffered
a severe loss in his removal.

"Coming, as he did, a mere youth from the gymnasium in Nordhausen, he promptly
■secured work on the "New York Staats-Zeitung." From New York he came to Egg
Harbor City, Atlantic County, where his pronounced ability made him easily the leading
man of w^hat was at that time only a settlement. Through his energy and applied knowledge
the county has gained vastly in productive industry and at large, and owes him a debt which
it will take a long time to pay.

"While he entered his chosen profession late in life, his progress was rapid and he soon
•commanded the respect of his brethren for his keen perception of the law and the systematic
and prompt manner in which the details of his office were conducted. He was zealous in
"behalf of his clients, true to his profession, and above all, an honest man.

"He took great interest in the organization of this Association and was its first
President."

ROBERT E. STEPHANY.

Robert E. Stephany was born at Egg Harbor City, N. J., on October 6, 1872, and grad-
uated from the public schools of that city in 1887. He removed to Atlantic City, where he
■entered the office of his father, August Stephany, as law student, and was admitted to the

DIOGRAITIV. 507

bar as an attorney in November, i8()4. and as a eounscllor in Xovonibcr. 1S07. Mo became
associated witli his father on January T. 1895. under the tirni name of A. Stephany & Son,
which existed until the elder Mr. Stephany's death. Mr. Stephany is now continuing the
business of the late firm. At the March election of igoo lie was elected city reorder, a
position which he most acceptably tills.

W. BL.MR STEWART.

Dr. \V. Blair Stewart, physician and author, the subject of this sketch, was born at
Middle Spring. Cumberland County. Pennsylvania. jMarch 6. 1867. His early education was
received at the public schools of that vicinity, later at the Chambersburg Academy, from
which he entered Dickinson College and remained there four years, graduating with tile
degrees of Ph. B. and A. M. He then took a four years' course at the Medico-Chirurgical
College of Philadelphia, and graduated in 1890. Dr. Stewart then commenced practice at
Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, remaining there four years.

Having very flattering inducements offered him to locate at .Atlantic City, he concluded
to come here, associating himself with Dr. Boardman Reed.

Dr. Stewart, since his residence here, has always taken an active interest in matters
tending towards the advancement of the city's interest. He is a member of the medical
staff of the Atlantic City Hospital, and has done much towards organizing that institution.
For eight years Dr. Stewart has occupied the Chair of Pharmocologj' and Physiological
Action of Drugs, and as Assistant Professor at his Alma Mater.

In politics he is a Republican, a member of the American Academy of Medicine,
American Medical Association, President of the Atlantic County Medical Society, Vice-
President of the .Atlantic City .Academy of Medicine, a thirty-second degree Mason. Knight
Templar, and member of Lulu Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. of Philadelphia.

As an author Dr. Stewart has attained prominence in his profession, his book, ".\ Syn-
opsis of Practice of Medicine," having reached the second edition.

Dr. Stewart is happily married and resides on Pacific avenue, in the residence which
he purcliased from his former partner and associate. Dr. Boardman Reed.

ARTHUR H. STILES.
Arthur H. Stiles, the well-known contractor and builder, was born in the town of
Lincoln, Lincolnshire County, England, October 4, i860. At the age of twelve years he
came to this country with his parents, who, after living three years in Philadelphia, moved
to this city. Excepting five years, when he lived in Tacoma. ^^'ashington, the subject of
this sketch has lived in this city ever since, working at the trade of his father, that of a
brickmason, building some of the finest structures on the island. The Steubcr block at
Indiana avenue. Dr. Cuskaden and H. H. Deakyne's drug stores, and Bleak House on the
beach are some of the buildings which he has erected. Mr. Stiles is active and prominent
in society circles. He is a member of Trinity Lodge, F, and A. M., and Trinity Chapter,
a member of Webster Lodge, K. of P.. of the Brotherhood of the Union, the Degree ot
Pocahontas, and of Pequod Tribe, Imp. O. R. M. At present Brother Stiles is Great
Sachem of the Great Council of the State of New Jersey and a very efficient and popular
officer. He is a member of the local Board of Health and well qualified to fill any oflicial
position. On October 12, 1887. he was happily married to Mary W., daughter of the late
Jesse and Deborah Somers. and has one child. John Somers Stiles, who was born October

FRANKLIN P. STOY.
Franklin P. Stoy. Mayor of this city, was born at Haddonfiel.l. N.
He was educated in the public schools of Camden County. N. J., and at
three he accepted a position as superintendent of tlie Uninn Transfer Cr

508 DAILY UXIOX HISTORY (JF ATLANTIC COUNTY,

he has been employed ever since. On account of his liealtli, in 1881. lie was sent to this
city as manager for the company, a position which he still holds.

Till 1882 he was in this city only during the summer months, but since then the vastly
increasing transfer of baggage has kept him here all the year around. He came as an in-
valid and remains as a stalwart and useful citizen of extensive influence and acquaintance
with the traveling public.

He served as a member of Council in 1891-2-3. till he was elected Mayor, serving four
years, till 1898. He was re-elected in March. 1900, He had long noticed as a public official
the necessity for a city hospital, and was active in promoting such an institution. He was
chosen the first President of the Board of Hospital Governors when they organized, .•\pril
9. 1897, and has been re-elected each year since. He is a Past Master of Trinity Lodge and
a member of all the Masonic orders. He is a member of several other orders, the Elks and
the Golden Eagles, and has a helping hand for all good works. In politics he is a Republi-
can, and in religion a Metliodist. He is happily married and has a model home on Pacific

JESSE B. THOMPSON.

Prominent among those who have been largely interested in the advancement of Atlantic
City, stands Jesse B. Thompson, M. D.. the subject of this sketch.

To the growth of the section of the city known as Chelsea. Dr. Thompson's efforts have
been largely directed, and to no other one agency is so much due for its rapid growth and
development. Born at HurlTville, Gloucester County, New Jersey, January 17, 1857, his early
education was received in the common schools of that district. At the age of seventeen he
left school and accepted a position as clerk in a store, and acted in that capacity in various
towns adjacent to the home of his birth. After some deliberation he decided to enter one
of the professions, and finally selected that of medicine as being tlie one by which he could
most bfnefit his fellowmen.

He then took a course at the University of Pennsylvania, and was admitted to practice
in May. 1888. After his admission he selected .\tlantic City as a place which afforded ex-
cellent opportunities.

Dr. Thompson was highly successful from the start, and built up a large and lucrative
practice. After some years, realizing the possibilities in advancing real estate, he gave a
great deal of his attention to that field. He then became interested in Chelsea, which was
practically an undeveloped tract of land. Believing this to be a valuable tract for the future
rise in values, he had the courage of his convictions and invested very largely. Later days
ha\e demonstrated Dr. Thompson's foresight and courage, as values have risen very
largely and Chelsea is now one of the most desirable parts of our beautiful city.

In politics and religion he is independent.

Dr. Thompson's latest venture was in Hotel Chelsea, which was so successful the first
season it opened, 1899. that an extension trebling its first capacity has been added.

JOSEPH THOMPSON.
Hon. Joseph Thompson, the son of William W. and Hester T. Pennington Thompson,
was born at Mays Landing. September 21. 1853. He received his early education in his
native town and studied law under Alden C. Scovel of Camden, and William Moore of
Mays Landing. In 1878 he was admitted to the New Jersey Bar as an attorney, and in
1883 as a counsellor. Since 1880. when he came to Atlantic City, he has held several im-
portant public offices. In 1881 he was made tax collector of the county; in 1882 solicitor
for the Board of Chosen Freeholders, in which position he has been retained ever since.
He succeeded Alex. H. Sharp as p'osecutor of the pleas for Atlantic County, filling the

KlOGKArilV^ r,09

office from 1882 to 1892. In the latter year, lie was appointed law jud.ue ol the eciunty by
Governor Wurts. holding the position until April. i8g8, when he was elected Mayor.

He is one of the directors of the Second National Bank, also the Atlantic Safe Deposit
and Trust Company. He is solicitor for both of these corporations, with whose organization
he was identified. He is one of the managers of the State Hospital for the Insane, at Tren-
ton, having been appointed in March. 1898. by Governor Voorhces. He is likewise a mem-
ber of the State Board of Taxation by grace of the same appointing power.

Mayor Thompson is a shrewd politician, alert business man and an aggressive attorney.
He has made a specialty of corporation law and has been solicitor for one or both rnilrnacW
leading to this city for many years.

WILBUR R. TILTOX.

Wilber R. Tilton. the well-known cashier of the Hammonton Bank, is the son of the
late Peter S. Tilton. and was born at Bakersville. March 24. 1857. He finished his education
at Bryant & Stratton's Business College, and for several years was associated with his father
in the management of a general country store. Since 1887 he has been cashier of the
People's Bank. He is identified with other business interests and commands the respect
and confidence of his fellow citizens throughout the country, wherever he is known.

CHARLES EDWARD ULMER.

Charles Edward L'Imer. ]\I. D.. was born in Ellsworth, near Bangor. Maine, on Sep-
tember 8. 1857, and died in .\tlantic City January 15. 1898, His father was Levi L'lmer, son
of George Ulmer, a Revolutionary officer. His mother was Harriet J. Lord, a direct de-
scendant of Stephen Hopkins, who came to this country in the Mayflower.

The Doctor's parents moved to Philadelphia when he was cjuite young. His early
scholastic training was had in the Boys' Central High School, of which he was a graduate.
He next entered the Philadelphia Dental College, graduated, and became Demonstrator of
Chemistry in that institution. Later he studied at the LTniversity of Pennsylvania for the
degree of Doctor of Philosophy, but abandoned it in 1880 to come to Atlantic City, where
for ten years he practiced successfully as a dentist. In 1890 he was graduated from the
Jefferson ^^ledical College and soon gained a large practice.

The Doctor was City Physician for several years, until impaired health compelled him
to relinquish practice. At the time of his death he was a member of the Board of Education.

On August 13, 1896, he married Helen, daughter of Henry D. Smith, formerly of
Brigantine Beach.

In the practice of medicine he was most successful, and at all times a close student.
With a passionate love for his profession, combined with a winning personality and gentle-
ness of manner, he was an ideal physician and one of the most popular and successful prac-
titioners in this city.

S. HUDSON" VAUGHN.
S. Hudson Vaughn, architect of this city, is the son of Capt. Daniel F. Vaughn, of
INIays Landing, where he was born, August 25, 1871. He was educated in the public schools
and at Spring Garden Institute. Philadelphia, and found employment with varioiis archi-
tects before he accepted the position of superintendent of buildings for the Industrial Land
Company of New York, which erected seventy cottages and several factories at Mays Land-
ing previous to 1894. when he became associated with the late William G. Hoopes in this
city Upon the death of Mr. Hoopes. Mr. Vaughn succeeded him in the business and has

510 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

been very successful. He was the architect of the Allen apartment building, the Currie
building, the Chelsea school house, the County Asylum at Smiths Landing, Bleak House,
the Conrow and Rochford apartment blocks, and various other important buildings and
private residences.

On September 22. 1892, Mr. Vaughn married Mrs. Lida P. Eldredge, of Cape May
City, and occupies a fine home in Chelsea.

CHARLES FREDERICK WAHL.

Charles Frederick Wahl, the enterprising shoe merchant, is the youngest of the three
sons of the late John Conrad and Mary Struchen Wahl, and was born at Egg Harbor City,
June 16, 1858. The two older brothers, John C. Wahl, Jr., and William Frederick Wahl \

of this city, are also shoe dealers. The father was one of the early pioneers of Egg Harbor
City, coming from Wittenberg, Germany, and spending his first few years in Boston and
New York.

The son was educated in the public schools, in both German and English branches, and
came to Atlantic City with his father in 1871, to be the third shoe dealer to locate here, his
predecessors being the late Joseph J. Shinnen and the veteran John Harrold. Wahl's shoe
store at Virginia and Atlantic avenues was a landmark for more than twenty years.

In 1892, the son succeeding his father in the active management of the business, moved ,^

to the larger Tower Hall shoe store at the corner of Pennsylvania avenue, where the busi- il (

ness has since been conducted with metropolitan enterprise and success. ^ —

In 1889 Mr. Wahl married Martha F. Lippincott, and has three children, Wendell Phil- »< ^^ ;> j
lips, Hildegard Mary and Helen Gould. He is considerably interested in real estate and n /
devotes his energies closely to his large and prosperous trade. He is a member of American Mi*t4, ^~
Star Lodge of Odd Fellows, a trustee of Central M. E. Church, which he helped to organize^ I

and in which he has taken an active interest. U/fV Q"!*

JOHN S. WESTCOTT. "' 1*

John S. Westcott. Esq., who has been City Recorder since March, 1898, was born in this. 27,1
city May 4, 1866. He is the youngest son of the late Arthur and Mary A, Westcott. His ^ 'J

father was a carpenter and builder, and for tweiUy wajs or more was the assessor oi^this ' ^"^^i
city. His ancestors were of English descent, hisjl'grandfather coming from >i i' ji /i
He was a commissioned officer in the Mexican war, and became the owner of considerable
property in this county.

The subject of this sketch was educated in the public schools and studied law with Hon.
Joseph Thompson, then Prosecutor of the Pleas of this county. He was admitted to the
bar in June, 1888, and has been very successful in the practice of law. He was solicitor for
the City Board of Health nine years. In 1889 he was elected Coroner and served a term as
chairman of the Board of Assessors. He has been engaged in many important suits and is
prominent and active in the Republican party. He is a member of Trinity Lodge and
Trinity Chapter, R. A. !M. He is an Elk, an Odd Fellow and a Red Man. He married Mary
E. Corcoran, of Philadelphia, and occupies a fine home on Ocean avenue.

ALFRED W. WESTNEY.

One of the younger members of the Atlantic City medical fraternity is Dr. Alfred W.
Westney, who was born June 9, 1874, in Philadelphia, his parents being John and Mary
Westney, who now reside at Palmyra, New Jersey.

He attended the public schools of his native city and graduated with the degree ol

p.ior.KAiMiv. sir

Bachelor of Arts at the Central Hitjh Seh0.1l. alter which he entered Ilahneniann Medical-
College and graduated in the tirst four years' course of that institution. In 1897 he re-
ceived an appointment as senior house surgeon and physician at Hahnemann Hospital,
where he served a little over a year. For several years prior to this and. in fact, while a
student, he served in a number of dispensaries at the hospital, and is a graduate of the
Lying-in. In 1898 he came to Atlantic City, locating at i,?oj Pacific avenue, where lie has
a cosy office.

Dr. Westney has a pleasing personality, is an entlnisi.-ist ami a menihcr nf a number of
medical societies, of which miglit be mentioned the Phi .Mplia (lamnia. and tlie .American
Institute of Homoeopathy.

DAXIF.L .S. WHITI-:. Jk,
Daniel S. Wliite. Jr.. owner and proprietor of Hotel Trayuiore. was born near Mount
Holly, N. J., in 1853. He was educated in the public schools and in Philadelphia. His
father for 17 years was superintendent of Indian aflfairs in Nebraska, and the son served
him as clerk, also as Indian trader and dealer in general merchandise for some years in
Iowa and Nebraska. In 1886 he came east and with his father-in-law. W. W. Green, and
his brother-in-law, G. E. Knight, purchased the Hotel Traymore of Mrs. M. E. Hoopes.
To the management of the hotel INIr. White has devoted his exclusive attention ever since,
till at present he is the sole owner, and the property is several times more valuable than
when he first knew it. Hotel Traymore is an all-the-year house, has accommodations for
400 guests and is often unable to meet the demand upon it for rooms. Its success is chitlly
due to the careful business methods ami liberal management of .Mr. White.

ARRY WOOTTOX.

Harry Wootton. one of the most popular young men in Atlantic City, is a son of the
late Henry and Anne J. Eldredge Wootton. and grandson of the late Jonah Wootton and
the late Lemuel Eldredge. who were prominent in the affairs of Atlantic City since its
early days. He married in 1895, Mar\- Marshall Down, daughter of L. .A. Down. ex-County
Clerk of Atlantic County.

He is a graduate of the .Atlantic City High School, being a member of the class of
1886. He studied law in the oftices of Hon. Joseph Thompson, after which he attended
Columbia College, New York, and in 1892 received the degree of LL.B. from the New
Y'ork law school. In the same year he was admitted to the Bar of the State of New- Jersey,
since which time he has practiced law. acquiring a valuable practice. He is also a junior
member of the real estate firm of Devine and Wootton. who have one of the largest real
estate clientages in South Jersey. He is actively identified with the Republican party, and
is a member of many secret societies and social organizations of .Atlantic City.

JOXAH WOOTTOX. Si<.

Jonah Wootton. Sr.. one of the early pioneers nf this city, was born in Hloxwich. Staf-
fordshire. England. February 24. 1814. He was the son of Samuel and Elizabeth W<joiton.
and was one of a family of twenty-one children. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Wil-
liam and Mary Whitehouse, and was a painter and builder by trade and occupation. He
-came to this country in 1844. landing in Baltimore, where he lived four years before moving
to Philadelphia. He moved to this city in 1858, having then completed Light House Cot-
tage at the ocean end of Massachusetts avenue, which, when moved later to escape the en-
croachments of the ocean, became known as the St. Charles, standing near Delaware and-

512 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

Pacific avenue. Mr. Wootton purchased the entire square from Pacific avenue to the
ocean for $7,500. William Whitehouse. a brotlier of Mrs. Wootton. built what for years
was known as the Wliite House on Massachusetts avenue. Mrs. Wootton died December
29, 1877-

The children of Jonah and Elizabeth Wootton were: Mary Ann, b. February 12, 1836;
d. young. Jonah, Jr., b. June 5. 1837: d. December 28. 1892. Mary A., b. October 21, 1838;
m. J. Henry Hayes. Paul, b. December 12, 1840. Silas, b. July 20, 1842; killed on skirmish
line, battle of Weldon Railroad, August 18, 1864; he was Quartermaster Sergeant, 156th
Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers. Phillip, b. September 12, 1844; d. December 21, 1844.
William, b. May 15, 1846; d. June 16, 1846. Elizabeth, b. February 2, 1850; d. September 13,
1851. Lucy, b. February 2, 1852; d. March 2, 1852. Eliza, b. February 2, 1855; d. March 2,
1855.

For his second wife Jonah Wootton married Mary Coulter, who survives him. He died
January 24, 1890. He never held any public position, but was an active member and liberal
supporter of the church and a progressive, enterprising citizen, who helped the town to
prosper in its early days.

JONAH WOOTTON, Jk.

Jonah Wootton, Jr., was born at Bloxwich, England, in 1837. He came with his
parents to America in 1843, settling in Baltimore, Md., later removing to Philadelphia, Pa.,
where he received his early education in the public schools. In 1861 he succeeded his
father in the painting business, which he successfully carried on. until he removed to Atlantic
City, in 1870, where he entered into the hotel business with his father, conducting the
"Light House Cottage," at the foot of Massachusetts avenue, which was later removed to
the foot of Delaware avenue and called the "St. Charles." Leaving the hotel business, he
again engaged in the decorative painting business. He was a devout member of the First
M. E. Church, conducting the choir and being Sabbath-school superintendent for many
years. He married Mary A. GrifBth, daughter of Wm. C. and Kathryn Rose Griffith, of
Philadelphia, Pa. Their children being William, Elizabeth, Silas, Mayme, Nellie, Jonah
and Kathryn. He was a Republican in politics, later joining the Prohibition party. He
died December 28, 1892.

ELIAS WRIGHT.
The subject of this sketch was born June 22. 1830, in Durham, Greene County, New
Y'ork, and is the son of Anson P. and Abigail Pierce Wright. His early education was
begun at a country district school and was largely supplemented by hard study at home,
coupled with considerable e.xercise as a student at farming on his father's farm. As a young
man. General Wright began his struggle for prominence as a teacher of a country school,
to which occupation he gave three years' faithful service. He located at Atlantic City, New
Jersey, in March, 1852. His first vocation was that of a school teacher for several years,
later taking up the science of civil engineering and surveying. At the outbreak of the war
in 1861, he was instrumental in raising and equipping a company called the "Home Guards,"
of which he was commissioned Captain. Promptly after the Bull Run fight he took his
company to Trenton, where they were mustered into the 4th New Jersey Regiment of
Infantry, and General Wright accepted a position as Second Lieutenant (the lowest com-
mission in the army). After much reorganization, drilling and other military preparation,
much of the duties of the soldier was gathered by these patriotic spirited men. Among the
many other duties the General filled the office of Judge Advocate of several special Courts-
Martial during these stirring times, and practically working his way up from the lowest
ranks as an officer to a position of prominence and importance in military circles. Probably
no man among the veterans remaining in the State of New Jersey has seen a more varied or

BIOGRAPHY. .-,13

peculiar career as an iiUrepiil soldier and a warm advocate of President Lincoln's p.diey.
Many incidents are related which vividly portray a strong decision of character and indi-
viduality which make successful men no matter what their vocation may be. F.lias WriKlu's
service during the rebellion is a record of which he may be justly proud, and the many
attestations from his superior ofticcrs prove the opinion in which they held his courage
and ability. General Wright entered the service as Second Lieutenant of Co'iipauy G. 4th
New Jersey Volunteer Infantry, August 17. i86i. Promoted to First Lieutenant, Company
D, January 3. 1862. Captured at Gaines Mill. Virginia. June 27. 1862, and imprisoned in
Richmond, Virginia, Exchanged August 5, 1862. Wounded at Crampton Pass, .Maryland,
September 14, 1862. Promoted to a Captaincy, December, 1862: Major, June, 186,^; Lieu-
tenant-Colonel, April, 1864; Colonel, .August, 1864; Brevet Brigadier-General U. S. Volun-
teers, January, 1865. and confirmed by the Senate at that time for gallant and meritorious
services during the war. The following enumeration of army service will doubtless be
of interest:

He was on duty near Washinoton. D. C, until March 7. 1862; moved to the Penin.-ula,
April 4th: in action at West Point. \"irginia. May 7th; Seven Days' l)attle. June 25th-July
1st: battle of Gaines Mill, June 27th, wdiere he was captured and imprisoned at Libby
Prison for seven weeks. He was in action again on the Plains of Manassas and Bull Run
Bridge. August 27, 1862: battle of Chantilly, September ist: Maryland Campaign, Septem-
ber 7th-20th: -battle of Crampton's Pass, Maryland, September 14th, wdiere in leading the
advance in the charge up the mountain he w-as badly wounded. Battle of .\ntietam. Sep-
tember i6th-i7th: battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia, December I3th-I5th: Chancellorsville
Campaign, April 28th-May 6th: battle of Salem Heights, May ,?d-4th: expedition to South
Mills, December 5th-20th, 1863: battle with Fitzhugh Lee's Cavalry, May 21st: battle of
Chaffin's Farm, September 29th-30th: expedition against Fort Fisher in December, 1864.
and January, 1865: commanded a brigade from October, 1864. to the end of his service:
commanding a brigade of five regiments in March, 1865. he had the advance of Gen. Terry's
army up the Peninsula from Fort Fisher to Wilmington. Near the latter place the enemy
under Gen. Bragg made a stubborn resistance, wdiere the subject of this sketch was shot
through the right arm, which ever after paralyzed that limb. At the surrender of Johnson's
army near Durham, North Carolina, April, 1865: Provo.st-I^Iarshal of New Berne. North
Carolina. May and June, 1865.

The brigade having been ordered to Texas he resigned and went home, and was im-
mediately taken into service by his former employer, Stephen Colwell. General Wright
held eight commissions in the volunteer army, two of them as Captain, and rising, as above
stated, to the rank of Brevet Brigadier-General of the U. S. \'olunteers. ()f these he asked
only for the rank of Captain.

After the war was over he was assigned by ^Ir. Colwell as surveyor and engineer and
partially as manager of Mr. Cohvell's business, with headquarters at Weymouth, Atlantic
County, New Jersey. He continued that work until 1873, when he was engaged by Joseph
Wharton, of Philadelphia, to manage his estate of more than 100,000 acres of land in New
Jersey, in which work he is still interested. His researches of the titles extend back to 1720.
covering many owners and many conditions, with the result that great credit is due to the
ability of General Wright. No other land owner in that region has ever undertaken such a
tremendous task, in the successful outcome of which the General takes a just pride. It is
an enduring monument to his industry and energy and also to the tenacity of purjjose of
Joseph Wharton, wdio has saved much trouble for his successors by clearing up the titles
and boundary lines in Southern New Jersey.

In politics the General is an uncompromising Republican, though he is opposed to
voting in the field and still does not believe that soldiers, either volunteer or regulars, siiould
be allowed so to vote. He does not believe in the demonetization of silver as money of
redemption.

General \\'right is a believer in thorough education, but has no sujierstitious reverence

514 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.

for mere literary culture as contrasted with practical training in affairs. He believes in the
employment of men and women equally as teachers, and yet is decided in his belief that
our public school system suffers, not only from incompetent officers, but from an undue
proportion of women teachers. He has never had the time nor the disposition to contend
for political preferment, and has, therefore, held but few offices, but he has had sundry occa-
sions to look into the accounts and doings of political henchmen, and he regrets the knowl-
edge so acquired. He has no denominational affiliations.

WILLARD WRIGHT.

Willard Wright, M. D., who died at his home in this city, September 8, 1895, was the
son of Anson P. Wright, a farmer, and was born in the town of Durham, Green County,
N. Y.. July 18, 1832. He was the youngest of six sons in a family of nine children. His,
brothers were Calvin, Bradford, Anson B., George, and Elias, and his sisters were Mary A.,
Henrietta, and Ellen B. He received his early training on the farm and in the district
school. He taught school for several years, like many other young men from the Knick-
erbocker country, and finally studied medicine in Chicago and Philadelphia, and settled
for practice in Illinois. When the war of the Rebellion broke out he raised a company of
cavalry and entered the service as Captain, October 10, 1861, and saw active service in the
State of Missouri. Owing to sickness contracted by exposure, from which lie never fully
recovered, he resigned and was honorably discharged July 20. 1862. Rettjming east he set-
tled at Pleasantville and resumed the practice of his profession, having a drug store at
Absecon and an extensive practice along the shore. He soon became recognized as one of
the best physicians and one of the influential men of the county.

For his second wife he married Annie M. Frambes, November 21, 1864. In 1871 he
associated himself with Dr. Rex Smith and opened a drug store in this city, at 910 Atlantic
avenue. Two years later he moved to this city to reside permanently and opened a drug
store at 931 Atlantic avenue, where he lived for a number of years. He succeeded John J.
Gardner as Mayor of Atlantic City in i8/6-'77, also in 1879 and 1881, and again in 1886. He
was one of the active and influential friends and advocates of the Narrow Gauge railroad,
which gave him considerable prestige and popularity. He was also largely instrumental as
Mayor in securing an ample supply of water for this city at a time when the injurious
effects of a water famine and the lack of tire protection were halting the progress of the
town. As a physician he appreciated the value of a good water supply, and fearlessly faced
strong opposition in doing what he felt to be an important duty.

He was twice appointed Postmaster of this city by President Cleveland, and filled ac-
ceptably this very trying and difficult position. Dr. Wright's kindness and generosity were
proverbial. His drug store when he was personally in charge was almost a free dispensary,
and his failure to collect or to urge the collection of thousands of dollars due him for drugs
and professional services kept him poor. While he had a fortune in outstanding bills he
was often hard pressed financially till his salary as postmaster made him more comfortable.

As a public man, intensely interested in his home town, his integrity was at times as-
sailed by his opponents. But he died poor, a friend of the poor, generous and kind, a
proof that his best years and his great ability had been devoted unselfishly to the service
of his fellow man. As a physician he had few equals. He saved many a life and cured
many a doubtful case. In politics and religion he was liberal.

He was a great reader and enjoyed the discussion of metaphysical subjects. He was a
Greeley Republican, who, like thousands of others, were Democrats after 1872. As a public
man and a family physician few have contributed so much of their time, talent and means,
for the benefit of others in this citv as Dr. Willard Wria;ht.

RIOGRArilV. 515

JOIIX L. \()L"XG.

Captain John L., son of the late James Young, is a representative Jerseynian and suc-
cessful citizen, who occupies a niche of his own in the history of Atlantic City. He was
born at Absecon, September 25, 1853, and has spent most of his life on this island, achiev-
ing fortune and popularity by dint of his own genius. Till he was fifteen years old his liunic
was among the wild sand hills at South Atlantic, where his grandfather, under Capt. Charles
Bates, was employed in the coast survey. Here during the impressionable years of his
boyhood, wild nature was his public school, and he became familiar with the facts of the
natural history of the region which have been of so great use to him ever since.

No man is better versed in the habits and peculiarities of the fish and wild fowls. 01
the action of tides and currents and changes of the weather and se;isi>n>. than he. Xn man
is more skillful with gun or boat, or more at linnie and in his clement where the Atlantic
lashes the continent.

Mr. Young was a nephew of the late Hon. John L. Bryant, and learned of him the
trade of carpenter and builder. He worked at his trade in this city for some years, and no
longer ago than 1885 served the city as life guard and police officer at forty dollars per
month. In the faff of that year he formed a partnership with Stewart R. McShea. Their
successful and extensive deals in beach front property are referred to elsewhere. Mr. Young
has visited California and viewed the natural wonders of his native land. He is happily
married and occupies a beautiful home on the sliore. or in his cottage over the ocean where
the associations of a lifetime in all their perfection are combined in liis ocean pier ami its
special attractions.

MAURICE DECKER YOUXG.MAX.

Maurice Decker Youngman. M. D.. was born in Kingston. X. Y., March 2.?. 1S5.S. His
early education was obtained in the public schools of Xew York City and at the L'niversity
of New York, where he graduated. He studied medicine with Dr. Abraham Crispell. of
Kingston, and graduated at the Xew York Homoeopathic Medical College in 1880. Owing
to the ill health of his wife he visited the pine region of New Jersey, spending a few months
at Lakewood. Manchester and Toms River previous to coming to this city. May 18. l88t.
He came at the suggestion of Dr. O. H. Crosby, and first opened an office on .\tlantic
avenue below Indiana. At the end of his first year he moved to his present location on
Pacific avenue. He has for many years been a member of and secretary of the city board of
health, and for a number of years was the local representative of the State Board of Health.
He has issued many pamphlets on Atlantic City as a resort for invalids, one of which has
had a run of five editions. In 1889 he served on a special committee to correct and coun-
teract the mendacious reports of destruction by storm sent out from this city by sensa-
tional reporters. He is a member of several medical societies, also a member of Trinity
Lodge. F. and A. M.

ALFRED WILLIAMS BAILY.
Alfred Williams Baily. M. D.. one of our best known physicians is the son of Rev.
Thomas Loyd Baily. and was born near West Chester. Penna.. October 18. 1857. He was
educated in the public schools and at Westtown, Academy, and graduated from Hahnemann
Medical College, March, 1886. He located in this city the following September, and has
been very successful in his practice ever since. He was elected president of the New Jersey
Homoeopathic Medical Society in 1893. and has taken an active interest in that organiza-
tion. He is one of the most active workers of the Homoeopathic Club of this City and
during the year iggq was the very active and efficient President of the Board of Health.

510 daily union history of atlantic county.

s:mith conover.

Smith Conover, the well-known grocer of Atlantic City, was born at Oceanville, N. J.,
July 4. 1850. He was one of the eight children of Eliakim Conover and Sophia Smith.
The sons were Charles, James. Eliner, Smith. Lemuel, Josiah and Samuel. The sister was
Sarah and lives in Philadelphia. Lemuel only is dead. The early education of the subject
of this sketch was gained mostly in the country store of his father and that of his uncle.
John V. Conover, at Oceanville. H e came to Atlantic City in 1868 and found employment
in the grocery store of Lewis Reed, Jr.. on Atlantic avenue, above Maryland avenue. Here
he continued five years till 1873, when he accepted the position of bookkeeper at the Dis-
ston lumber mill. In 1876 he opened a grocery store on his own account in a property
leased of Henry Wootton, which he purchased later and still occupies at Virginia and At-
lantic avenues.

For eighteen years he was a member and an officer in the First M. E. Church till six
years ago when he transferred his membership to Central M. E. Church. He was identified
with the first building association when it started and has been a director, vice-president or
president most of the time since. H e is one of the directors and the vice-president of the
Union National Bank and is one of the conservative, representative business men of the
town.

HENRY HECKLER.

Henry Heckler, owner and proprietor of Hotel Heckler, the largest and leading Ger-
nian-.American hotel in this city, is one of our progressive citizens. He was born in
Baden, Germany, September 10, 1842, and was the son of Dr. Charles Heckler. He came
to this country at the age of seventeen, first settling at Lancaster, Pa., where he remained
a few months. He then moved to Philadelphia, locating at Second and Race streets, where
he continued his business as a barber for more than twenty years. He moved to this
city in 1881 and engaged in the hotel business, renting of Mrs. Annie Mehler what for
years was known as the Forrest House, at North Carolina and Atlantic avenues. In 1892
Mr. Heckler purchased what was known as the Ashland House property, at the corner of
Pennsylvania avenue. This large and valuable property has been made profitable and more
valuable by Mr. Heckler, who has catered successfully to the German-American trade.
For years he has been a member of various German and social organizations, both in this
city and in Philadelphia. He is an Elk, a Redman, a Good Fellow and a member of the
Maennerchor and Turn Verein, and is widely known as a hospitable, public spirited man.
He has never held any public position, but, yielding to the solicitation of friends, in 1895
he became a candidate for Council and made a highly creditable contest in a strong Repub-
lican ward. He takes a lively interest in public affairs, and is regarded by all who know
him as a true friend and a safe advisor.

On October 16, 1863, he was married to Elizabeth Fritz, an American-born German wo-
man, who has been his faithful helpmate ever since and has borne him three sons, Charles,
William and Harry.

SA^IUEL D. HOFFMAN.

Samuel D. HofTman was born in Auburn. Salem County, February 2^. 1850. He fin-
ished his scholastic education as a graduate of the State Normal school at Trenton and for
several years thereafter was a teacher. While principal of the public schools at May's
Landing he was one of the county examiners under county superintendents Wight and
!Morse, There also he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 18S1 as an attorney and

BIO

r.17

in 1S84 as a counsellor. He relinquished school duties and opened a law olTice in Atlantic
City in 18S3 and tlie following year was chosen alilernian. He was next elected city school
superintendent, serving till he was elected mayor in 1887. a position to which lie was twice
re-elected serving five years. He was elected assemblyman in November, 1891, and the
following year was elected state senator over William Riddle, who received 3.12S votes to
3.183 for HofTman; 252 for Turner, Prohibitiv)nist. Mr. Hoffman's plurality, after a
sl'.arp contest, was declared to be 55.

In 1895 Mr. Hoffman was re-elected State Senator by a plurality of C\\C) over C. F.
Osgood. In 1895 he was appointed county school superintendent, a jiositiun which he still
holds. He is one of the leading Republicans of the county and h;is been very successful.

nue. in Alia
near Sonier:
in the boats

NICHOLAS JAMES JF.FFRIRS.

lanK■^ Jeffries, the well known liathing master at the foot of Maryland avc-
c C ity. is a typical Jerseyman. a native of .\tlantic county. He was born
rniiit on April I. i860, and received his education in the public schools and
id bays of his locality. He followed the sea for a number of years till, find-
ing that avocation unpromising and unprofitable, he moved tx> Atlantic City about 1887
and engaged in business. In 1893 he leased the ground at the foot of Maryland avenue
which he has since purchased and embarked in the bathing business. He has been very
successful. His generous spirit and liberal, progressive ideas, have made him a host of
friends and he is up-to-date in his business. Old ocean, which he know'S so well, is con-
stantly adding to the value of his beach front possessions. On November i. 18S8. lie mar-
ried Miss Rebecca Godfrey of Palermo, Cape May County, a sister of lawyer 1!. C. God-
frey of Atlantic Citv. They have a fine home at No. 145 St. Charles Place.

ADOLPH SCHLECHT.

Adolph Schlecht, one of our representative German citizens, was born in B.ideii. (ler-
many. in 1852. He was educated in the German and Swiss schools, and came to this
country in 1870. He at once became associated with the late .Alois ScIliuiUt, in the niau-
agenient of his hotel in this city. He married Miss SchauHer. dau.iilitcr of his enipli>yer. and
continued there ever since as lessee or proprietor.

In the management of Schaufler's Hotel and the Inlet Pavilion he has been associated
with Col. John E. Mehrer, and the tw^ have ahvays been liberal public spirited citizens.
Mr. Schlecht is a member of Trinity Lodge and Chapter. In politics he is an independent
Republican.

RP OF

f/L£ B£ACff FROM

oLO/VGPO/RT.

1 ESP£C/ALLY FOR

^ 500-

AfAP OF

A T L A N T / C

Ai.
AT DEATH'S DOOR

MRS. HANNAH SOMERS DAVIS
IS SERIOUSLY ILL.

The Aged Lady Lives In Philadelphia,
But Her Family Were Among the
Earliest Residents of This County and
First Settled At'Somers' Point.

Active in mind, but helpless in limb,
Mrs. Hannah Somers Davis, well known
in ihis city and comity, who perhaps can
claim to be the oldest person ot authentic
antecedents in Philadelphia, is seriously
ill at her home. No. 44S North Fourtn
street there. If the lite of Mrs. Davis
should be prolonged to October 1 next she
will be one hundred and four years old.
There are grave doubts, however, ot her
recovering from her present illness, as
her life is said to be slowly wasting away
from general debility.

Hannah Somers Davis can trace her
genealogy back to her great-great-grand-
-Ither, John Somers, who was born hi
u'orcester county, England, in 1G4U. He
wa.'! a cousin of John Lord, the Earl of
Hardwick. la lOSS John Somes came to
this country and pui-chased Lower Dublin,
now called Sonu-rton. Pa. Here he is re-
Friends, and married Hannah Hodgskins,
a woman of English birth. Seven years
afterward he puchased the property now
known as Somers Point, N. J., built a log
catin, and resided there until his death,
in 172;i. His son Richard burned the brick
and formed the masonry of the family
mansion still standing at Somers Point.
He was born in 169.3 and died in 1760.

The latter left a son. Colonel Richard
Somers, of Revolutionary fame, who en,-
tered the LInited States Navy as a mid-
shipman and sailed under Commodore
Preble in the war with Turkey. He was
promoted to a captaincy and perished
September 4, 1804, in the bold attempt or
Decatur to blow up the Turkish gunboats
in the harbor of Tripoli. Colonel Somers
had a brother, James, who resided on
Hickory Point, one mile west of the fa-
.-nous Somers mansion. The house occu-
pied was built by his father when quite a
young man from logs cut "into shape with
a crude hand saw and put together in the
style of those days. It is still standing

ity

the

i-isito

that

imes Somers was the father of eleven
dren, Hannah and a half-sister being
only survivors. In 1803 Hannah Som-
went to Salem, Ohio, and remained
e until 1S13. She can now vividly re-

call the many stn-ring events, of the wai
of 1S12 and the wilderness of the wild
West in those days. Although born o^
Quaker parentage, Hannah Somers, in
ISIS, joined St. Stephen's Methodist Epis-
copal Church, of Philadelphia, Tenth
street, above Chestnut, now known ao j
St. Stephen's Episcopal Church, In 1835
she was married to Elijah Davis by Rev.
Thomas M. Carroll, pastor of Salem M. E. |
Church. Her husband was also a devout)
Meihodist, being a member and trustee
of the Fifth Street M. E. Church. He was
engaged jji the lead and paint, busin
but retired from active life some years
before his death, in 1S73.

In speaking ot this remarkable centen-
arian a well-known friend of hers said:
"Mrs. Davis has endeared herself to us
not simply on account of her longevity or
that of her ancestry, although this in it-
self is wonderful, but because she takes
an active interest in the world of human-
ity about her, having always preserved
her plain Quaker style of dress and living
in a manner that has enabled her to help
many worthy projects. She has for years
been associated with the Union M.
Church, formerly of Fourth and Arch
streets, but now located on Diamom
street, above Twentieth. Much of he
benevolence has been distributed through
this channel.

"Dur

ng the

1S7,

hrough the so-
licitation of the late Rev. Dr. Kynett, she
had erected a frame church at a village
called Clarks, in Nebraska, which she
named Somers Chapel. She afterward.)
furnished the Sunday school with a li-
brary purchased at the Methodist book
rooms on Arch streett. At the age of
eighty-nine years she visited the pla
and was so gratified with the success of
her investment that she enlarged, the
original edifice and placed a bell in the
steeple. Mrs. Davis was also instrumen-
tal in the purcha,se of property at Sidney,
Neb., for a Methodist Episcopal church!
Both places of worship have accomplished
much good on the frontier. While unable
to attend any cnurch service herself for
years, she still maintains her interest in
the Methodist Episcopal Hospital, Metho-
dist Episcopal Home and Methodist Epis-
copal Orphanage, which institutions she
has been connected with since their in-
corporation."

On October 1, 1895, Mrs. Davis celebra-
ted her centennial at her home on North
Fourth street, which she has occupied for
nearly a half century. Nearly a hundred
friends visited her at the time. Although
she was suffering from rheumatism at the
time and unable to move about much, her
mind was active and clear as she chatted
with her friends upon the topics of the
day and thanked them for their many
tokens of remembrance. For six years
past Mrs. Davis has not crossed the
threshold of her front door, and for over
two years she has been confined to her
bed room. She saw nothing of the recent
blizzard, not even from the windows of
her chamber, for about that time she was
obliged to seek her bed, owing to her
present illness.

About twenty-five years ago her great*
niece, Miss Hannah C. Spain, who came
to Philadelphia to visit her, nursed her
through a very severe illness. As a ser-
vice of love and duty Miss Spain has re-
mained with her since as companion,
nurse and housekeeper.

After living more than three years over
the century mark, Mrs. Davis has Joined
the Generai,jAfayfittSL_Clia.Qter. Daueh- I

lers of the American Revolution, lo
at Atlantic City. Through friends
made application in January last, wa
:epted, ajid on February 11 she reo
L gold-plated spoon as a token, beir
original Daughter of the Revolution.
Davis prizes this gift very highly, an
it secreted in a chest that contains
other treasures.

2829

THE SOMERS;_MANSI0;

The Story of a Famous Hom.-stea''
Soraers' Point. ',

iiiry tijint'ic 'aiiwl tlie oWieiit. sec^tiair
\\Iii:i i'tB Oiiiig'ie ^'h-'mmfey, wins J'oi '
I JcHs reai-ickl 'liy Jbliin Soaneiis sofonC'I'
I ififir Ihiiisi puirtliviKe of this plaiiitaitiior.'ll
3,000 'a'<?!re® fi'oim Thoinias RikIici '
1795, alntl vfc irals t^Hero tihat Riioiiirihl
Ms soTn "bTO'ivgih't 'his beiaiutlfnil y;vieii
bnide, Jn'cl'itih, ttiie da.ii,gih.te:r of
James Lje'tlaii'tt, tof Atladia, \\''h'o«e at
etl fa'their, Ptite'r 'Wlhii'te, had nu, „
to Alblseicom. „^^

Thie Sbtnier's fom'iil'V nlwia\-s heluj^j^i^
ac'&ve part io the affaire of the c,,,-^
trail TSew Jerteey coaeit, amd, ^j.
Freinlcth' stirlaii'n In fh'eTr -Wotod impei^ij^.

ibui

-;iv

th«im cotaisitlalnitaiy to -il-Jat

fieM o'f advelnltuTie, the comiveinU'

set)., 'vVhiof'e 'birefikerls werrs? ei\''eir wip^p

i'li Niio-hlt. of thelir 'wliindbwis. Oo'lo^,,,

liik'iliia-rd' ■So.mie're, •tlhfe' seicotnd, was p.^]^

file 'iipoTi tlhie side of luie piaitirdoits

wials dmiriing- flhSs fa't^full 'ema, Septi

^' - 15, 1778, thlait tine thlin; Kiieih' J

■^.lelrs, tlh"» tosit hero of TuiipoiM, 4'^^

■ : h'l:-- 'aM of t(hie aiinip(h.iibdi"N

loniitlhi of flhe cioalsits t'hiis in]elmlbeiri''e'|

ih;e' fb'UT'tih Siolmie'rs ffemeiraltiloia tioiok^h

he -wlaltieT allmios't in lili's lolalbyihoiW

Indl, las » hiaindy "boy, Ihe SQiiiliu^ u/p'^i'

bhteiterte >tk) latid fpom' 'the ptortis '''cj

feivv York aod rhli'l'adeaipMii. Th j

t tioolc tb fhe Tim-y, aind ait the a i

' 'tiweinitly hlald' Avbin h'is MiTirainit -^

iiidshiiipimia'Ti iipoTi +he griaind oM frvg,^

•tei, TT.r.it.ed SItlatties, of fomfcy-fo^^T-j

'iins, tlhe' flaig\?hlij> of Co'inimiodCj)^!

Wn Barrv. ,.,,,

mer vacation, haswi^tte
Iplioti or Ibe old S(fcie

Historic Somers Mansion.

Itev. S. V. Hoicbkin, an Episcopal clersry.
man who is invesligatlnif tbia section ol! Ihe
coast during a Sum
tlie following descrl
luansion at Somera Foint, with many inlcr-
esiinsr facts about iheSomp.rs family :

"On an emincuoe just above Great Egg- Har-
bor Bay stands the old Somers Mansion, a
dignlQed briclc building, with columns of
wood and briclt supporting an ancient piazza,
TUe black and red checkered brick were
burned by Kichard Somers, son of the settler,
John, in the province of West Jersey, be-
tween on&and two hundred years ago.

The Somers family are of English descent
and bore an honored name in the mother
country.

They owned most of the surrounding
region in Indian and p rovincial daj'S,

The woodwork of the old house is quaint.
Iron strap-hing'JS are on the front door,
which has opened to generations of children
and friends; it has welcomed brides, and the
low doorway has seen the tears of mourners
bearing out the dead to their long, last home.

The chimney-place ia wisely preserved and
an old crane supports a pot which has given
refreshments to hungry soula when venison
may have been more common than beef.

George Hayday, Jr., now owns the house.
He married Hannah Somers, daughter of
Richard Somers, on whose property the
modern town grew up, containing a few
hundred people; awelled to a greater number
when the heat ot Summer drives city folks
seaward.

Boarding-houses and club-housea accom-
modate the strangers.

Along the railraod, adjoining the school
house, in an old graveyard stands a marble
monument incribed :

"In memory of Eichard Somers, son of
Richard and Sophia Somers. Master Com-
mandmant in the Navy of the United States.
Born 15ih Sept. 1778. He perished, in the 25th
year of his age. In the Ketch Intrepid, in the
memorable attempt to destroy the Turkish
flotilla in the harbor of Tripoli on the night
of the 4th ot Sept. 1604."

"Distinguished for his energy, courage aud
manly senseof honor."

"Fro partia 71011 timidusjnori."

The sister of Lieutenant Somers, Sarah j
Keen, oC Philadelphia, widow of Capt. Jonas
Keen, born in 1778, and dying In 1850, is
noted on the same pyramidal shaft aa
"estimable for many virtues."

A pamphlet prepared by Mrs. Harriet S.
Lake and her brother, the late Constantine
Somers, gives a short history of the Somers
family. The first eramigrant hither was John,
cousin of the Earl of Ilardwick, born in Wor-
cester, England, 1840, He bought 'land, in
1088, at or near Fomerlon, Philadelphia, The
Bustletonand Somerton turnpike passes the
Somers barn. He married Hannah Hodgs-
kins, of England; aa his second wife, lie
bought, it is said, 3000 acres at Somers' Point
in 1695, of Thomas Budd, and built a log
house, where he dwelt until he died. His son
Kichard built the brick house at Somers'
Point, His wile was a French lady. Judith
Letart, said to have been wealthy. Their son
Richard, a RevJfVtionary Colonel, was the
father of Captain Richard Somers, above
mentioned."

Tales, Talks and Personalities of the Ol
World.

IN most of the narratives dealing witl
the achievements of that illustrioui
band of boyish heroes who made th.
name of the republic's fleet terrible
to evil-doers from 1800 to 1815. Rlchan
Somers is interentially, at least, made i
Philadelphlan. I alluded to him as sucl
the other day in recalling his sublim
death in the waters ot Tripoli. The men
tion brings the subjoined glimpse of ;
corner of fame's eternal camping grouni
not generally known, even to the recon
dite In the bibliography ot great deeds

Dear Dunols: In your column of "View
and Reviews" you speak ot Commande
Richard Somers as a Philadelphlan. -Thl
is not the first time Philadelph
false claim to the Hobson of post-revoli^
tionary times, nor is he the only one o
our naval heroes who has been erroneousl;
called a Philadelphlan. Charles Stewar
purchased his homestead at Bordentowi
in 1816, and died there in 18S9, and a fev
miles further down the Delaware, at Bur
lington. James Lawrence first saw th.
light of the dav. Yet both of these heroei
have been called Philadelphians.

Ot sterner stuff, perhaps, than either o
these was Richard Somers. whose exploi
in the harbor ot Tripoli demanded equa
courage and greater sacriilce than that o
Decatur. In denial of your statemen
that Somers was a Philadelphlan, I ca
as a witness Somers himself, whose wll
begins, "In the name of God anien, 1
Richard Somers, of Great Eg;gr Harbor li
the county of Gloucester and State of Nev
Jersey," etc. Beneath the escarpm.
of Tripoli, lulled in their everlasting sleei
by the song of the sea, are the bones c
this hero. "Within the grounds of th<
Naval Academy at Annapolis is a monu
ment which perpetaates his name, and ii
the old family burial ground, near Somcr
Point. Atlantic county, N. J., enclosed b;
a brick wall, is a cenotaph, whereon 1
chiselled:

In Memory of

RICHARD SOMERS.

Son of Richard and Sophia Somers,

Master Commandant

In the Navy of the United States,

Born September lo. li'S.

He perished in the twenty-fifth

year of his age, in the ketch In-

*,-or,i,i in the memorable at

epid.

the Turkish

the ni!;ht of the 4th of Sep-
I tember, 1804.

Distinguished for His Energy,

His Courage and His Manly Sense o

Honor.

"Pro Patria non timidus mori

The house in which Commander Sornor

born, at Somers Poin' •=• ="" '^'""'^

sil

ing. The only pictur

^rn?-Somlrs''was^mu-ch admired bj
Washington, and his hiographer Dr^^ J
B. Somers, says that as a special token o
^'^rifg'"l'-o^i51a^'n<gTfo%r^of^';??*^(wl|

|&&in^thJ^^mln|^n^(;roV^lp:
Slfj descendants ot Constant Somers

^^? rroc°L'^o1 TatJiSn' JS ^no^-^b
lxisten?e one of which Is the Property
Sh^'"o7''th?'G?an^°L0dgt o'f ^as^aeSu
tl,tl anrl a third is the ring given t.
RtchirS Somers now owned by the Leam.
<lng family. ^ j^j HESTON.

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Full text of "The Daily union history of Atlantic City and County, New Jersey : containing sketches of the past and present of Atlantic City and County"

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